HIST O R Y
CLOSK OF THE REVOLITIONARV Vv'AK TO JULY
M !.!: M ! M . M \N N I'l K-i >N \l .- k I I > 1 1 1 - > I I'll >\ I I !' - . \\ I i In > I I >, -\ '
1 M I IIM I l>! M Kll'l H >N> til I \ I N I v I I 1< I \IM\l. H> 1 It I
nK<.\M/\IH'N i'l I III ( 01 N n \ M> I I - I !: " . K I - >.
Entered according 10 Act of Congress, in the Year 1880,
BY WILLIAM LANG,
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C.
TO T1IK YofNU MKN AND YOfNii WOMKN oK >KNK( A fOTNTY.
< HILDUKN AM) (JKAND-< HII.DKK.N
<>K TIIK IMO\KI:K KATIIKI^ AND MOTMKKS.
THIS BOOK is KINDLY ASCRIBED,
WITH 1IIK HOI-K THAT THK I'Kltr^AL <>K H> l'A<;K>
MAY I'KND r<> IN--I'II;K NK\V I.OVK AND \ KNKKATIUN
K<iK THAT Niir.l.K ol.l) HAND oK MKN AND WOMKN.
Now KAI'IDI.Y l'A^>IN<i AWAY.
AND To AI'PKKl I A TK 1'KOl'K I! I. Y THK Kl< II I.KOAcY
i m:i i: \ \ i.<>i: 11 A^ I;I-:OI-KA nii':D.
\\\ THK At THOU
P R E F A C F.
S( ) \l I '. fifteen vearsaLio 1 cherished a desire to \vriii-a history of
Seiiet a ( ounty. Want of confidence in my ability to do justice to
lie subject, con tlic ted with this desire for many v car-;, until finally, about
OIK- vear a^o. at the solicitation <>t friends. I commenced the work in
earnest ami prosecuted it with such ability ami industry as I had at
my command.
1 had collected material tor this purpose many vcars. without regard
to order. My task required close application and patient labor, but I
Ibund consolation in the thought that I was ett^a^ed in a work of
gratitude and paying a debt ot friendship I owed to the memories of
the generous and noble men and women who, nearly fifty years a,u r o.
stretched the hand of welcome to an exiled boy in a strange land and
amonu strangers. Thus my work became a source ot pleasure, and
now, that 1 am about presenting it to the public. I wish to add that
nothing lias been set down in malice. Truth requires that the shadv
side shall accompany the li.uht. else the pii ture be deficient.
1 have faithfuilv entleavored toa\oid errors, but have no doubt some
mav be t'ound. therefore < laim no perlection tor the work.
IlaviiiL; lived in Seneca counts Irom my boyhood, and taken an
active part in publii lite, I became identified with manv affairs in the
progress oi events: and si net.- I loiind it iu-cessary to < onneci mv own
name with some <>t the scenes I describe, the reader will please c\. use
the liberty 1 took, tor it I know mv own nature, there is v er\ little
e^ot ism iu ;ts make up.
1 wrote ;u a ( onversational way. and with the
which I w ould talk t< > a triend.
Mv intention was to pas-, betore the mind's eve
and laithlul panorama ot >enec.i (ounlv. trom the time she broke her
ban<U of "forest wild" to lulv. iSSo; and to do justice to the meiiiorv
of the men and women who figured upon the -i.i^e of her progress
during that tune. I'his \\a^ the hei^hi o( mv amlntion. rid th<- reader
i-. left to hinisrll to judue whether 1 have succeeded. Me will. | .im
s'ure. uive me ( red:! at least, tor JU'C-M -ntin^ to h : m a vari- :\ of siibiei !-
in a pi. i MI, ' o! up re hen si ble wav . w ;t hout report in ^ ;o etheri il t!i^!:ts
and s i r ' ' 1 . ! 1 1 L: : 1 1 1 c r 1 1 ! LT h > > < u i ; i n i _ ' e r n i - ! o e \ i > r - s a -c\]i-\<f.~ i : o u i :
6 I'RKFACK.
Many biographical sketches arc scattered through the work pen
pi< tures of men and women, as they appeared to me. These may also
not be perfect, but some of them will seem natural to the reader that
knew the persons.
It is a source of regret to me that some people in Seneca count}',
who had it in their power to furnish material ior this enterprise, took
no interest in it. and in consequence, many valuable points may have
been overlooked: but 1 take great pleasure in expressing gratitude to
all who were so friendly as to aid me in my researches.
My especial thanks are hereby tendered to Dr. ('. (i. C'omegys. of
Cincinnati, a son-in-law, and to Miss Diathea Madison Tiffin, of
Chillicothc. a daughter, of (iovernor Tiffin, lor valuable material found
in the life of the illustrious (iovernor: and to the gentlemanly editors
of the newspapers of Tiffin: to the several count}- officers, who have
so willingly and courteously assisted me in searching records.
To Mrs. Sail} Ingham. to the Rev. Joseph Bever, Mr. Charles W.
Foster. Klder Lewis Seit/. Dr. H. Williams, Esquire Kelley. Dr. [. \V.
Crawford. Dr. |. C. Myers, Hon. James Ptirdy. ol Mansfield. Mr.
Luther A. Hall. Mr. N. L. Brewer, Mr. I). V. Flummerfelt. Mr. Mark A.
Harris. Judge Hugh Welsh. Mrs. T. Stanley, Mrs. R. R. McMeens. J.
H. Pittenger. Esq.. Father Evrard, Father Healey. Rev. J. H. C.ood.
D. I)., Mrs. Ceo. Strausbaugh. Dr. A. A. Rawson. of Iowa, fudge
Pillars, (iovernor Charles Foster, and to man}' others. 1 tender my
sincere thanks.
Proper credit has been given to the authorities I consulted, but if
any omissions have occurred, I desire to make the proper apology here.
Conscious of having pursued and prosecuted this labor with none
other than the best of motives, to preserve from the tooth of time, for
a while, scenes and events that helped to make up the history of this
good old count} of ours: regretting that some abler pen did not take-
up the task: knowing lull well also that my shortcomings will pass
through the usual ordeal of criticism. I can only fall back upon my
old motto that has guided my life, and I fear, ma}' at times, have given
unintentional offence:
|'i;ri!\ of motive mid nobility of mind
Sl-nll rarely ronrk.-ri.il. 1
To j>mvr it- riylits ami prate of svnm^s to otlirr>
Ami il shall In- small rare
To ilir. l,;-li anil happy conscience
>: "-CO NT E N TS
< HAITI. K I
BATTLE OK KCRT STEKHENSON HARRISON AND CROGHAN KORT SENECA
WIPINGST1CK PERKY S VICTORY ON I.AKKKRIE BATTLE OK TH E T H AMIS
DEATH OK TECUMSEH.
( HAITI. R II.
KOURTH OK JULY CELEBRATION ON HUT-IN. BAY MONUMENTAL ASSOCIATION
LAYING OK THE CORNER STONE SPEECHES OK EL COOK AND UK
PARSONS.
< H UTI-.K III.
PLACE TREATIES RESERVATIONS CESSIONS EM iGRANTS ARRIVING WARS
BETWEEN THE WYANL'OTS AND SENEGAS SPEECH OK LOGAN AND HIS
DEATH
( HAITI. K IV.
HARRISON IN COUNCIL WITH THE INDIANS CROGHAN S DEFENSE Oh
HARRISON BLUE JACKET AND BEAVEK BLUE JACKETS DEATH ARMN
ROADS THOMAS CORWIN j AM ES MONTGOM ERY J AM KS T. WORT H I NGTON
CHAP I l.l^V
SPEECH CK ISAAC 1. DUMOND SAMUEL CRCWELLS CONTRIBUTION THE
DOG-DANCE-SO W-DOWS-KY.
VI.
LARLY SETTLERS THE HARRIS KAMILY ROBBER Y OK SP1CER THE BRUSH
DAM PETER PORK JACOB KN ISKLY AN D C ROW GOING TO MILL KILLING
WITCHES THE KIRST HORSE-RACE.
CHA1TI-.K VII.
1HE SENECA CHIEK PRESENTS THE GOVERNOR OK CANADA WITH <)S4 AMER-
ICAN SCALPS TALL CHIEK THE TUQL'AMAS KILLING THE SQUAW OK
GEORGE WASHINGTON JUDGE HULBURT CALEB KICK BKNJ CULVER
REV. JAMES KINLAY CAPT. JOSEPH MRS. INGHAM.
LEA'IHOK COMSIOCK SENECA STEEL l-.X i- C I 1 I ION Ol S 1 .NEC A JOH N TRIAL
AND DISCHARGE OK COONSTICK JUDGE HIGGIN'S DECISltlN |l DGt
BIRCHARDS STATEMENT BENJAMIN I- . WARNER 1IAKI) HICKORY AM,
HIS DEATH IMMIGRATION OK THE SENECAS TO THE NEOSHA AND COW
SKIN RIVERS CHARLIEU THE G1RTYS THE DEAIH OF DRAKE
8 rONTKNTS.
CHAPTER IX.
ROCKY CREEK FORT BALL-COL. BALL ATTACKED BY INDIANS-ERASTUS
BOWE -OAKLEY NEW FORT BALL FIRST POST OFFICE MILLS- ARM-
STRONG AND McCULLOCH SECTIONS EARLY SETTLERS IN FORT BALL-
LOCATION OF THE COUNTY SEAT-HUNTER'S MILL EARLY SETTLERS IN
THOMPSON. ON HONEY CREEK AND ROCKY CREEK MELMORE COL. KIL-
BOURNE HARRY BLACKMAN'S CORNERS ANCIENT FORTIFICATIONS-COL.
RICHARD JACQUA.
CHAPTER X.
FIRST MERIDIAN- BASE LINE TOWNSHIPS RANGES -SECTIONS- GENERAL
SURVEY- ORGANIZATION OF SENECA COUNTY THE OLD COURT HOUSE-
FIRST COURT --FIRST ELECTION-FIRST MEETING OF THE BOARD OF
COUNTY COMMISSIONERS -APPOINTMENT OF OFFICERS BUILDING THE
FIRST JAILRUDOLPHUS DICKINSON-SALE OF THE RESERVATIONS.
CHAPTER XI.
JESSE SPENCER -COUNTY ROAD FROM FORT BALL TO TIFFIN -WOLF SCALPS
ORGANIZING TOWNSHIPS IN CRAWFORD COUNTY -BUILDING THE FIRST
BRIDGE FIRST KILN OF BRICKS-DAVID BISHOP-ORGANIZING ALL THE
TOWNSHIPS-HISTORY OF THE BUILDING. THE BURNING AND THE RE-
BUILDING OF THE COURT HOUSE BUILDING THE STONE JAIL-THE NEW
JAIL.
CHAPTER XII.
THE WOOD-CHOPPER HOW TO BUILD A CABIN THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
THE SETTLERS THEIR BENEVOLENCE AND HOSPITALITY - PIONEER
GIRLS RUSTIC FURNITURE THE HOMINY BLOCK - THE HANDMILL
GOING TO MEETING INDIAN VISITORS -NATURAL FANNING MILL-"THE
LIFE IN THE WOODS FOR M E" -HOME-MADE CLOTH-YOUNG AMERICA.
CHAPTER xm -
GOVERNOR EDWARD TIFFIN-A BIOGRAPHY.
CHAPTER XIV.
SPENCER vs. HEDGES -THE BRUSH-DAM CASE THE FIRST JURY TRIAL -
BROUSE THE SUGAR CAMP INDIAN WAY OF COOKING COON FOREST
CULTURE SCARCITY OF MONEY WORK ON THE CANAL-JIGGERS AND
CHICHA THE MIAMI, DAYTON AND MICHIGAN CANAL-CANAL TAX OF
SENECA COUNTY.
CHAPTER XV.
SANDUSKY RIVER AND THE CREEKS IN SENECA COUNTY TOPOGRAPHY AND
GEOLOGY OF THE COUNTY.
CHAPTER XVI.
JOSIAH HEDGES CHANGE -FIRST PLAT OF TIFFIN-THE SAW-MILL-MIASMA
FIRST FRAME HOUSES FIRST STORES FIRST BRICK HOUSES --THE
DUG-OUT FIRST HOTELS- BLACK-STRAP HENRY GROSS, Sr. BREDOON'S
DEATH CRKEGER FAMILY THE FAMILIES OF H p;NRY CRONISE. HENRY
LANG AND DR. HOVER.
foVIKNTs. <)
( HAl'IKK XVII.
ADDITIONS TO TIFFIN THE BRIDGES -THE BURNING OF THE FREE BRIDGE
CHOLERA MR. HOFFMAN LITTLE CHARLOTTE JONNY DALRYMHLE
RAILROADS FI RST TRAI N TO TI FFI N H El DELBERG COLLEGE LIVES OF
REV. J. H. GOOD. D. L>., REV. C. V. GERHART. D. D., AND REV. GEO. W
WILLARD. D. D.
CHAI'TKK XVIII.
THE CHURCHES.
CIIAl'TKR XIX.
BIOGRAPHIES OF |OHN GOODIN, MRS. ANN SENEY, R. W. SHAWHAN, C.
_ SNYDER. GEO. RUMMELL. DAVID E. OWEN, JUDGES LUGENBEEL AND
PITTENGER, JOHN PITTINGER, JOHN AND LOUISA FIEGE. C. MUELLER
WYANDOT CHIEFS MARK, 6TH CHAP., aD VERSE, IN MOHAWK.
rii.MTKK XX.
SURPLUS REVENUE POLITICS FIRST POLITICAL JOLLIFICATION TIFFIN
IN THE WOODS TIFFIN I NCORPOR ATED -FI RST TOWN ELECTION OF
TIFFIN INCORPORATION AND ONLY ELECTION OF FORT BALL
INCORPORATION OF THE CITY-FIRST CITY OFFICERS PLANK ROADS
PIKES TELEGRAPHS THE SCHOOLS OF TIFFIN.
CHAI'IT.k XXI.
THE BANKS OF TIFFIN INSURANCE COMPANIES SECRET AND BENEV-
OLENT SOCIETIES
THE BENCH AND BAR.
CHArTl.k XXIII.
HE BENCH AND BAR CONTINUED.
I XXIV.
DRS. DREISBACH. KUHN. FISHER. HOVEY. AND OTHERS TIFFIN MEDICAL
SOCIETY THE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY THE PRESS" MESSRS. LOOMIS.
NAYLOR, GROSS THE COUNTY INFIRMARY AGRICULTURAL WORKS
THE GAS LIGHT COMPANY THE PIONEKR ASSOCIATION DHR BRUDER-
BUND THE PHILHARMONIC SOCIETY MRS. HARRIET CRAWFORD UR
JOHN U. O'CONNOR.
THE TOLEDO WAR
CHAITI.K XXVI.
SENECA COUNTY IN THE G E N ER A I. ASS E M B LY SI N I.C A COUN 1 Y ON TH I
TAX DUPLICATE SOLDIERS OF THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR OLDIERS
OF THE WAR OF IMJ SOLDIERS IN THE WAR WITH MJ-.XICO IM1K
PENDENT COMPANIES OHIO MILITIA.
10 CONTENTS.
CHAPTER XXVII.
SENECA COUNTY IN THE WAR OF THE REBELLION.
CHAPTER XXVIII.
DR. ROBERT R. McMEENS.
CHAPTER XXIX.
ADAMS TOWNSHIP.
CHAPTER XXX.
BIG SPRING TOWNSHIP.
CHAPTER XXXI.
BLOOM TOWNSHIP.
CHAPTER XXXII.
CLINTON TOWNSHIP.
CHAPTER XXXIII.
EOEN TOWNSHIP.
CHAPTER XXXIX
HOPEWELL TOWNSHIP.
CHAPTER XXXV.
JACKSON TOWNSHIP.
CHAPTER XXXVI.
LIBERTY TOWNSHIP.
CHAPTER XXXVII.
LOUDON TOWNSHIP.
CHAPTER XXXVIII
PLEASANT TOWNSHIP
REED TOWNSHIP.
SCIPIO TOWNSHIP
SENECA TOWNSHIP.
CHAPTER XI, II.
THOMPSON TOWNSHIP.
CON II \ IN.
CM M'TI.K XI. MI.
VENICE TOWNSHIP
CII.MTKR XI. IV.
COUNTY OFFICERS TO iSSo INCLUSIVE. AND CONCLUSION.
APPENDIX.
THE EARTHQUAKE THE GREAT HURRICANE THE JERKS THE MORMONS
SALUTATORY OF THE VAN BURENITE THE OLD STATE HOUSE AND
DIRGE OF THE STATE HOUSE BELL THE TIFFIN PAPERS
CENTENNIAL ORATION. JULY 4. ivo. AND CELEBRATION IN TIFFIN.
INTRODUCTORY.
K great and bloody struggle of the Colonies, through a lout; seven
1 years" \var. being over, tlie British Lion retreated growling to liis den
and. following the Revolutionary \Varat the Treaty of Paris in ITSo. peace
was made with Kngland. in which the Independence of these Colonies was
recognized.
For the first time in the history of the human race, the intelligent world
saw a young government start on its career with the conscious knowledge
and proud proclamation of man's capacity for self-government.
TlitMi tlio L't-nius <>i" Kn-i'doiii
Her banner unfurled,
And inspired with hope
The \vlioii- civili/ed world.
But as the waves of the ocean continue to lash the shore long after the
storm has ceased, so the agitation of the frontier, between the settlers and
the Indians, continued for many years.
The intense passions and mutual hatred engendered by the conllict were
not allayed by the Treaty of Paris. When the British forces withdrew to
the Canadas or across the Atlantic, t he Indians, who. long before and during
the [{evolutionary struggle, were a source of constant annoyance to the
frontier settlers, still remained.
While the settlers were determined to get possession of the lands of the
Indians, the Indians \\ere equally determined not to relinquish their
ancient hunting groin, ds. The life and property of the frontiersman were
constantly in danger, and often at the mercy of the savages- the general
government having neither the means nor military to afford protection: thus
the frontier settler was left to his fate as before. Since then a century has
rolled off into ihe ocean of time, and while still "Westward the course of
Kmpire takes its wa\ ." the Indian atrocities upon the frontier settlements
continue as of \ort-. and the question calls into requisition the wisest of
statesmanship and the best and most vigorous policy of the government to
meet it. The indications now are that the Indians must either give up their
nationality and savage life, and become citi/.ens of the I'nited States, or be
exterminated.
During the [{evolutionary War and for some time thereafter, the military
I nist of ili.- 1 Jrii i-di at Detroit supplied I he savages, throughout the Northwest.
with munition^ of war. and encouraged and supported them in their
villainou> depredations upon Hie frontier.
The hot-bed of the councils of the savages was the \V\andot towns along
IN I Kohl (. I l< >N. I .}
the hanks of tin- Samlu-k) river, of \\hidi I'pper Samlu-kv was tin- leading
one. Then- was a con-taut intercommunication kt-pt up between these
Iinliaii town.- ami Detroit. This slate of things continued for a Imii; time
after the Treats of Paris, ami until tin- British evacuated Detroit, \\lu-n the
Indians were hnallv thrown upon their n\\n re-ouice- ami compelled to
come to terms.
Kven in tin- late \\ar \\ itli ( real Hi i tain, alt er II nil's surrender ami \\ ith
tin- l!riti>h in pos-e-sion of Detroit, the same |>olic\ \\a^ inauirnratnl unih-r
<ifiieral llartoe. ami the Indians \\ere a^ain maile the allies nf the Itrilisli.
a>- we shall hereal'ter M-e.
Kxpedit ion> \\eie ^et on toot against the l'.iiti>h at Detroit ami the Imlians
on the Samlu>k\ . during the \\ ar. h\ the < 'oiitinentaH 'oiij, r ressaml at'terwanU
h\ the irovernmeut o|' the States. Fort 1'itt ua> a small yarrixm in the
charire ot (ieneral Irvine. Here all the ear!> e\|>eilit ions were or^anix*-*!.
'oiiL, r ress licini; I'lillv a ware of the fart that all the terrihle atrocities alon^r
the lion tier weie directed and supported from 1 )etvoit . and in order to hrinir
p-ace to the bonier, ordered (.eneral Lauidilin Mclntosh. from the regular
arm> . to mo\- upon Detroit. He descended the ( )hio river with a force of
reirulars and militia to the mouth of Keaver river in October. 177s. where
he established the lirst militars post of the l'nite<l States bevoncl the frontier
settlements. <'oiiu r n'ss. ho\\c\er. reliictantlv snspcndctl the expedition
against Detroit for want of means to prosecute it. and ordered (ieneral
Mclntosh to proceed upon and destro\ the Indian towns in the vicinity that,
in his opinion, would mo^t etl'ect uall> tend to chastise the savages. He
thereupon undertook to mo\e upon Saudusk\ and destro\ the \\'\andot
tow us. He started with one thousand men. and on reaching the MuskiiiLrum
in the present couiit\ of Tnscarawas. he built a fort ami called it Fort
Laurence, in honor of tin- President of Congress. Leaving Colonel .lohn
(fib-on in charge of this pn-t \\ith iift\ men. he returned uith the rest of
his arm > to Fort Pitt. Fort Lau rem-e u as the lirst militarx post established
on ( )hio -ciil. In .\iiu r u-t tollo\\jim. l-'oit Laurence uas evacuated. Thi-
ended the lir-t expedition. I-'ort Mclntosh \\as al-o abandoned.
An ex)iediiion for the -aim- )>urpose. under Col. 15roadheal. was al-o a
The lamentable expedition of Col. Crawford falling into this period and
iieinu a part of tin- Ke\ olulionai'v -1 ruu'ule. occiirrini; befoi-e the Treat), of
P. in-, and t he sad. terrible com -In -ion of u hich took place -o near the border
o| Seneca count) . an abstract re la I ion of the -a me u ill mu In- mil of pi act-
in the-e pa^es.
The l!lili-|] had -llcceeded ill elllist illU illlo their service all the -a V a tie
element noriliuf-t i.f the (>hio river, and provided Iln-m v\ith all the
rt-'|ui-ite munitions of war.
Deserters from the a rinv under \\ashinirton. ri maw av toi'iesand despi-radoes
1'roui the Colonie-. unjied \\ith the -avatres to make their continued attack-
upon the front ier a- expressed in t he lantruaire of Lori I < 'hat ham : " Lett inir
loo-e the horrible hell-hounds of savage war."
14 HISTOkN ol
The Ilritish directed the operations agaiu.st the frontier from their military
post at Detroit, where Ilenrv Hamilton, a vulgar nillian. was in command.
The Wyandots. Seneeas and Sliawnees were the principal tribes enlisted
in this murderous warfare. Nearly all the smaller tribes were made allies
of these. The Delawares were the peaceable nation amongst them that had
not joined in the war upon the frontier, ami even these eventually became
enemies.
These elements, thus combined British, savages, lories and desperadoes,
were turned loose upon peaceable settlers, upon unarmed men. upon helpless
women and children. They extended their atrocities all along the western
frontier of Pennsylvania and Virginia.
The effect upon the frontier people can better be imagined than described.
Their patient endurance became exhausted. It became now a war to the
knife. To kill an Indian was a source of pleasure, and at the same time a
signal for attack upon the settlement.
In a letter from (ieneral Washington to (ieneral Irvine at Fort Pitt.
instructions were given to the latter in these words: "Still continue to keep
yourself informed as to the situation at Detroit, and the strength of the
enemy at that place." The subject of another expedition against Sandnsky
became quite popular, but Irvine hesitated, and at first rather opposed the
project, but finally yielded to the popular demand, and even assisted in the
enterprise.
The people became so clamorous in urging on the organization as to demand
of (ieneral Irvine that he should himself lead.
This he declined to do for want of authority to leave his post.
The expedition was thoroughly considered and supported by the best of
men along the frontier. No one doubted its propriety. Kveryliody saw the
necessit). Sandusky was the infernal den from whence came all their
trouble. Volunteers (locked in from every side. Then the place for
rende/voiis was fixed at Logan-town-at-Mingo. Mingo IJottom. now in
Steuhenville to\\ iiship. .Jefferson county. ( )hio. On the iMth of May. ITsii.
the\ met. There were four hundred and eight) in all. William Crawford
waselei-ted < 'o]oiiel . a i id Da\ id Williamson. David ( iaddis. .John McClelland
anil one IJrinton were elected Field-Marshals.
Kari\ in the morning of the i!">th da\ of May. the arm), under Crawford,
began i!> march from Mingo I lot torn, in four columns. It was to lead in the
strai^ r htest direction through the woods to Sandusky. a distance of one
hundred and lift;, miles. The mute lay through \\hat now constitutes the
conntie- of .Jefferson. Harrison. Tuscarawas. Ashland. Holmes. Kichland.
Cra \\fonl and near to the center of W\andot. The whole distance was
through a den>e. nnliroken forest, except where the) reached the plains.
Nothing of aii\ particular interest occurred except that on the second da)
out tuo Indians were disco\ered. The) \\erc shot at. but being missed.
IN I KOIU i "I UN. 15
"1'aliner Spring." so-called. Taking a southwesterly course, and receiving
several small tributaries, it enters Wyandot county about two miles north of
the southeast corner, and pursues that course generally through Wyandot.
Seneca and Sandusky to the bay . a distance of eighty miles from its source,
along the stream. Its principal tributaries from the right bank are the
Mroken Sword and Sycamore, ami from the left the IJttle Sandusky and
Tymochtee. in ('raw ford and Wyandot counties.
The army was now approaching the enemy's headquarter*. Slover. the
guide, who had been amongst the Wyandots. said to Crawford that they
were near the plains. These they reached on the next day. near the month
of a small stream entering the Olentangy. or Whetstone.
To most of the volunteers the sight of the prairie, or plains, was a novelty .
The islands of timber, the tall, coarse grass, prairie hens, wild geese, ducks,
prairie owls. etc.. attracted their attention. Little they thought and less
they knew of the sad fate that awaited them.
How happily has a kind Providence drawn a curtain between man and his
future:
The Olentangy is on the eastern boundary of Wyandot county. The
Tymochtee is on the west. On the south these prairies form the north
part of Marion county. Their extreme length, east and west. Ls forty
miles; their extreme breadth, twenty miles; the average elevation above
lake Krie. three hundred feet.
These were the favored hunting grounds of the savages, and to which
they clung with a tenacity that bordered on desperation. The army camped
alwMit ten miles from their place of destination.
The next morning, the -Ith of . I line, they started on their march, with
great precaution, in a northwesterly direction, and reached the mouth of
the Little Sandusky . where they found 1 mlian trails leading in every direction.
They crossed the river and followed a trail, but discovered no Indians.
Slover. the guide, told ( 'raw ford that a Wyandot town was close by. A little
further on they came upon the town 1 mt found it deserted. ( 'raw foul ordered
a halt for consultation. The soldiers dismounted and refreshed themselves
ami their horses at the spring.
This forsaken town was on the east bank of the Sandusky. ami about
three miles south of the present town of I 'pper Samlusky .
The Samlusky of the Wyandots. as known to Slover and Xane. the guides.
was eight miles below . w here the Kilboiini road crosses the ri\ er. Here w as
the residence of I'omoacan Half-King as he was called.
( M all the Indian allies of dreal llritain. the Wyandots were the most
powerful, because they w ere the most intelligent . caused by their association
with the French and British. In their treatment of prisoners they seldom,
il e\ er. resorted to torture, which was common with the other t ribes.
Aleut/ De Peyster. the commander at Detroit, had sent IJutler'* rangers
to assist the Indians. The night preceding the battle, thesi
limits of Seneca county, near the riser in Pleasant lowu-l
mounted troop*, and had two field-piece* and a mortar.
The Indians who had watched the pi-ogre--* of Crawford from Mingo
I Sot torn to the Samlusky . had marshaled 1 heir hoM and w ere ready for act ion.
Their com I lined force* great I \ outnumbered those of Craw ford.
l' msrOKY 01- SKNKCA rOrXTY.
The st|iia\\s and children had been sent to a ravine on the Tymochtee.
Simon < iirt\ was with the W v andots. lie was an I rish tory and an adopted
son of the Seuecas. who had captured him when \ ouni;. and is described as
a tierce, cruel and beast 1\ creature. His Indian name was Katepocomen.
which, if it means an\ thim;. out, r ht to mean iln-fl. He had been liberated,
and having returned to the settlements became the friend of Crawford,
aspired to otlice in Westmoreland county. Pennsylvania, failed, voluntarily
returned to saxan'e life and 'became the most savage of the savages. His
name was a terror alonij the ( )hio river and throughout the northwest. Vet
when Simon Kenton was brought to Mac-a-chack town as a captive, under
sentence of death. ( i irt\ ,u r ot him released. and Kenton bcin^ taken to Detroit
as a prisoner made his escape. But to return. It was now one o'clock in
the afternoon. Crawford determined to pursue the trail to the other town.
\\here he expected to lind the enemy. At a point about one mile south of
the present I'pper Sandusky. Crawford called a council of war. Rose, the
Surtteon. whom General Irvine had sent alony- with the expedition, and
Xanc. advised and urired an immediate return, because they feared that the
Indians had too many warriors for them. Crawford then acquiesced, but
they linalh determined to pursue their inarch that afternoon only and then
return. Immediately scouts came hurrying up announcing the discovery of
the enemy. This news was received with evident satisfaction, and rapidly
everything was put in readiness, and an advance ordered to meet the enemy.
The Indians came on a run to meet the troops. The Americans drove the
savages from a tf rove they had in possession, and fronrthat sheltered position
tired upon them until nitfht-fall. This ,UTOYC is known by the name of
"Battle Island." situated three miles north and one-half mile east of the
court house in I'pper Sandusky. When, in the Summer of ls;>4. I visited
the battle ground, the oak trees were still hearing the marks of the bullets
and of the tomahawks the Indians had used to cut out the bails.
When niu'ht set in the arms built their camp tires and collected as best
the\ could their dead and wounded. There were live killed and nineteen
wounded.
On the mo mini: of the lift h the bait le was renewed at lon.u: rann'e and with
lui t little effect. The Americans still occupied the island of timber. I Mirinir
thi->da\ the Americans lost but four wounded. Plans were now discussed
a> to the manner of attack on the next day. when suddenly the scene
changed. The appearance of Butler's rangers in the rear of the Wyandots
struck disin;i\ into the hearts of the arm\. Crawford abandoned all ideas
of an attack and prepared for defense. \\ hen about two hundred Shawnees
were discovered supporting the 1 >ela\\ ares on the south. "The\ kept pouring
in from all sides' are the words of Rose. At nine o'clock that ni^ht a
ret real was resolved upon. The killed were buried and tires burnt over their
L. r ia\e- to pievci.t disco\er>. Stretchers were made to earn the wounded.
lu-l a^ the ana\ was about to start, an attack was made on the troops,
which Ihreu them into <_ r reat confusion, and two wounded fell into the
haihU of iheei:em\. The\ didiioi pursue the troops ver\ far. however, not
kiio\\inu that a reli'eat had been resolved upon. McClelland was reported
killed. William-oil took command. Crawford, his son and son-in-law
Harris \\"ie amount the missing. The ret real inn' arm\ was comi>elled to
i-iit its was through mounted Indians and British nivaln . but n-aclu-d the
<!.( dt' tin- prairie, at tsvo o'clock of tin- afternoon mi tin- second das . south
>t' Hncsnis. Thes ssere brought to a stand ni-ar ( Ht-ntanuy creek, calli-d
" Kef n-hoiiLr-she-con-se-ptiiii;" hs tin- I>elassaies.
I lere a vas-t nnniln-r of the em-ins osertook tin- retreat ini; arms . hut after
a short en^a'_ r ement tlu-s ssere repulsed.
\ rain storm now swept the plains in un-at furs. The nu-n ssen- drenched
to tin- >kin. Tin 1 air In-came chills, 'i'lit- mardi \va> continued uhili- the
fin-ins. folloss im:. kc|it up a i-oiistant lin- upon tln-m. 15s niu'ht-fall Un-
arms n-ai-lu-d Lfi-ss jlh-. forts miles from tin- battle ground on Hattle Islainl.
sshere tln-\ rin-ainpi'd. Iravini.' tin* riii-niv a milt- in tin- rear. Tin- arm\
n-achcd M iiiL r " 1 Soil on i en tin- |:;tli of .1 nm-. and \\I-IT ilisi-|iai u f i-d mi tin- m-\t
da> . Tin- total n n in 1 if r of killed and missiipj: did not t-xrci-il si-\ fiit\ .
\\'f will no\\ ], . lo fo|]o\\ up tin- fati- of poor <'ra \\fonl ami his fi-llou
siitVfrt-rs.
It is nndoiilitfdh true, that inllif nii/lit attfi the last da> 's liattlt- nt-ai
tin- IZTO\ c . < 'i a\\ t'ord u as amongst tliox- \\liosf liorsi's '_.'ol faM in the muck.
and wliilf t r> iiiLT to si\ f tin- in. ui- n- left In-hind li\ I hi- n-t n-at iii'_ r ai ni> . I It-
\\a^ ht-ard to call for his -mi .|ohn. and for his soii-in-la\\ Harris, in tin-
darkm-ss ,.f thi- nii:lit. !! also .-alli-d for Major l{o>.-. and his n.-pht-u.
\\'illiani ( 'i au ford, luit nol.odv could conn- to help him. I >r. Kniu'lit. \\ 1m
now calm- up to ( 'rau lord, told him thai In- lflif\i-d the others wen- all
ahead of them: hut (rau lord thought other\\ ise. and lifted of the doctor
not to lea\f him. His Imr-e uas iisi-less. and he coni|ilained of the troojis
foi- thus h-a\inu r him. At this time an old man and a l>o\ came up to
( 'raw ford, and the doctor and all started on a sniithu esierlv course, and
arrixed near the eranlif rrs marsh whej-e some of the \olunteers \\ere also
stni'_ r u r lim, r to -_ r et their s\\ ainjied horses out of theoo/\ ^oil. \o\\ Ci'a \\ford
and hi^ paiM\ took a northerl> course, and reaching a j'oint al'ont two mile-
north from t he hail If L r rmind. t In- > stai ted on a course dm- east . guided l>\ tin-
North ^lar. At midnight thes readii-d the Sand-iisk\ riser near the mouth
ot Neu r ro Itun. The old man tailing In-hind. si-M-ra! times called for the
other-, to \\ait. An Indian \\as heard to halloo, and nothinur further \\a^
seen of the old man. The part) passed on. At tuo o'clock next afternoon
< apt . Minus ii\ crtnok ' '"' !'" ' ) A fler an hour's t ra\ el some on h< 'fsehack
and others on foot . Lie u tenant A side \ In-in^ \\ oundeil. and a di'e iidiinir r;iin
o\f rtakiiiL; them, \\hich made their progress \er\ slou. the\ caiii)ied t\\o
miles nm'lli of |!ue\riis. The next inorninu; lhe\ started on a southeasterly
eoiirsf. and lonml a deer that had recentls In-i-n killed, and a tomahawk
i\in'_r close li\ it. The\ slii-ed the lle-h fi'om the 1. ones, and \\ rappiiiL,' tin-
\enison in the skin, took it alon^. A mile 1'nrlher on tln-\ sa\\ a lire, and
If It the \\oimded oil jeer iii charge of the ho\ . u ith orders to remain In-hind.
I 'pmi examination the\ came to the conclusion that the tin- had In-en made
l>> I heir ou n men t he pre\ joiis da\ . A mo>t latal conclusion! 'l'he\ roasted
t hen \ em -on and \\ ei e a 1 10 ui to start mi . \s ln-n a \ olimteer came up to t IM-III
and told them that he had killed the deer, and ahand -d it u h.-n he heaid
it'i-m coming, leai iirj" the\ \\ere Indian^. N'o\\ all passcil on and soon
reached the trail o! the retrealinu arniv. Knight and I5i^-_ f s propos,.,| j,,
lease the tra;!. < :a\\tord O|,JM,-,-,| the plan, ('rasslmd and Knight sseiv
iS HisrokY <>r SKNICA OU'NTY.
afoot: the rest on horseback. When the party were just east of Leesville.
three Indians jumped up. and Dr. Knight took aim at one. but Crawford
called to him not to lire. One of the Indians ran up to Crawford and took
him hs the hand. The other walked up to Knight and called him doctor,
took him by the hand and said he had seen him before. The party had fallen
into an ambuscade of Delaware*, whose chief was Wingeiiund. i pronounced
\Vin-tfe-iioonil at camp only half-mile away. ('apt. Biggs lired, but hit no
one. An Indian told Knight to call his people up or they would all be killed,
but the other four got away for that time. Crawford and Knight were
capti\'es. The warriors returned to camp with their prisoners and raptured
horses. There was great joy upon their coming into camp among the
saYages.
The Delawares lived among the Wyandots by mere permission. The
burning of prisoners was kept up among the Delawares when the Wyandots
had abandoned it. Their chiefs. "The Pipe" and " Wingennnd." therefore
were under the necessity of obtaining the consent of the Wyandot chief
before they conld burn a captive. This consent was secured by a stratagem.
It was now three o'clock Friday afternoon. June seventh. On Sunday
following the savages brought in the scalps and horses of Ashley and Biggs.
The others again escaped. The Delawares had nine other prisoners besides
Crawford and Knight. Some of the converted Delawares. who had gone
back to heathenism, also brought in scalps of borderers. The chiefs soon
knew that Crawford was the "Big Captain." Several of the savages were
known to both Crawford and Knight.
On Monday, the Kith of .June, the prisoners were ordered to march to
Sandusky. the "Half King's" town, thirty-three miles away. Crawford
hoped for help by dirty. Meeting him at Sandusky. he offered him one
thousand dollars if he would save his life, dirty promised, but without any
intention to keep his word. Crawford saw that "The Pipe" was very much
enraged against the prisoners.
On Tuesday. June 11. "The Pipe" painted all the fares of the prisoners
black, and told Knight to go to the Shawnces town and see his friends.
This chief kneu Crawford before his tribe joined the enemy, and told him
that he \\oiild have him shaved. /. < .. adopted, but at the same time painted
him black also. Then the whole party stalled for the \Vyandot town, eight
miles below. A short distance on their way they saw four of their comrades
King near the trail. scaip"d. At the spring where I'pper Sandusks now
stands, to their dismay, another trail was taken northwestward to the
Delaware town on the Tsmochtee.
All ideas of ho)"' for life had now vanished. When they reached Little
Tsmnchlee creek, in what is now Salem township, in Wyandot county, the
Indians made the prisoners sit down. Knight was put in the charge of an
Indian, tn lie taken to the Shawnees town.
The x|iia\\s and boss now tomahawked the other live prisoners. An old
sipiau cut .itf the head of McKinles and kicked it about on the ground.
The s o'ing | i,dian> then dashed the bloods scalps into the faces of < 'raw ford
and Knight several t inies.
A_ r :i;n the\ siarted. and \\ere ^non met hs Simon dirts and red
\ . v !H i had ci Hue in en j< >s the scene of tori lire.
IN I KO[>IV I loN. Uj
U'innenuml and The I'ipe xvere the prime movers in alienating lite
Delaxvares from their frontier friends and in making them enemies. Thev
were >o bitter in their hatred of the Americans that their cruelties knew no
hounds. Having now full authority over their prisoners, the on!) ground
for hesitation to commence the process of torture seemed to be to resolve
upon how to perform it in the most hellish manner. As the part) moved
aloiitf towards Tymochtee. everx Indian they met -truck the prisoner*,
(iirtx said: Is that doctor Knight ?" Knight said xes. and offered (iirty
his hand, which he refused, and said : "Heirone: voii are a damned rascal !"
The) now reached Tymochtee cn-ek. and were about three-quarter* of a
mile from the village, which was further down the creek.
I am now about to record the manner of Crawford's death. The scenes
the poor captives had to pa.-., 'ou^h so far. are of theniselxe* sickening,
and calculated to rouse the sv mpathies of a heart of stone. The task creates
a chill, and the pen moves reluctant!) to describe an act so fiendish, brutal
and repulsive.
"Man's inhumanity to man." it should be remembered, is not an attribute
that characteri/es exclusix elx the North American savage. Masnot Kurope.
has not Asia, has not America equal cause to blush when tracing histories
of white races? Thousands upon thousands fell beneath the sword of
Mohammed for refusing to take the Koran. Kurope. dressed in Christian
attire, with her churches, her domes, her institutions of learning and
refinement, burnt her mart) rs at the stake. Mer inquisitions, her "bridges
of siLThs." her blocks and guillotines Blotted the pau r es of her historx w ith the
blood of her religious and political victims, while our own dear America
I MI rut her witches and hum; I,} i lakers on Boston Common. Is the di lie re nee
amongst savages found onlv in color or race?
About four o'clock in the afternoon on the eleventh da) of June, the
savages planted a -take in the ground near the ri^ht bank of Tvmochtee
creek, to which Crawford was tied. The Indian men then -hot powder into
Craxvford's naked hodv . from his heels to his head until lie was black all
over. Not less than sexeiitx shots were tired upon him. The) cut of! both
of his ears, and when occasional 1) the throng around < 'raw ford w on Id allow
I >r. Kmu'ht to u'et -i^ht of him. tin- blood \\a- running down both sides of
his In-ad. Thev built a rim:' of tire around the -take ami w it bin -i x or -even
vards of it. it wa* made of *mall hickorv poles and when burnt quite
through in the middle, leav inu r the ends about live feet lonu. three or four
Indian- at a lime would each take one of these hiirninu' -lick- and hoid the
hurninir parl to the naked hodv of Crawford, alreadv black with powder.
The) jilaced t he HI seK e- oil each side of hi III so t hat Whichever W a) he Would
run around the post, the) met him with these burninu r fa-^ot-. Some ot the
squaws took bmad pieces of chips and hark, with which the) threw
quantities of hot coals and ember- on him. so that in a short time he had to
walk over a bed of coal- and hot ashes.
In the mid-i ot these extreme tortures Crawford called to dirtx ami
hcLT^ed of him to -hoot him. lid-fixing n an-wer. he called airain. when
Ciirtv taiiiitinulv teplidl that he had no ^im. and nnninu aiound to the
Indian- behind him laughed hvarti!) and seemed delighted ai the hoiv.d
scene.
20 HIsloKN Hi SKNI.CA COr.VIN.
<tirt\ \\alked up to Dr. Knight and told him to prepare for death also:
that he \\as not to die at that place, but \\ as to he burnt at a Shawnees town.
With a most fearful oath lie added that he ithe doeton need not expect to
escape death, but thai he would suffer it in all its extremities.
He asked Knit: lit \\ hether lie had any hopes of escaping it. hut the doctor
was too much absorbed with the terrible agonies Colonel Crawford was
imderiroinir before his eyes and his own immediate fate harrowing up his
soul, that he made dirty no answer.
Crawford bore his torments with the most manly fortitude. Several times
lie \\as heard to call on the Almighty to have mercy on his soul. Thus he
continued in all these extremities of pain for more than two hours, as near
as Kniii'ht could judue. when he laid down on his stomach. The savajjcs
then scalped him and repeated!) threw the bloody scalp into poor Knight's
face, telling him thai was the " 15i^ Captain."
An old si 1 1 law. who to Knight looked more like Satan than a human bein;.
took a hoard and shoveled coals and ashes on Crawford's back and scalped
head. The \\retdied man then raised himself on his feet attain and bewail
to \\ alk around the post.
The\ next held burning sticks to his body as before, and Knight was taken
a\\ a\ from I he scene.
The Indians had a tradition amongst them that Crawford breathed hislast
as the sim was .n'oiii down.
( )n the next morning when Kniuht was started off for the Shawnees town
and \\hilehewas passing the lire place, he saw the remains of Crawford
almost burnt to ashes. Then the Indians told Knight that was his fate and
ii'a\ e the "scalp halloo."
The tradition runs that alter Crawford died, the faii'ots were heaped
together, his body |>laced upon 1 hem and that the savages danced around the
remains for sexeral hours longer.
The Shaunees had .urea I rejoicing uhen the ne\\s reached them, and the
poni frontier settlers were lilled with uloom and disiuax. Crawford was
i in 'in IK d b\ all \\ ho knew him. \\'e \\ ill 1 hi <>\\ the mantle of forget fulness
o\ er i he Ion el \ cabin that eonlaim d the \\ ido\\ of 1 he Colonel \\ hen the sad
news reached her ear.
The lan.u'uaii'c used b\ iieneral Washington on Ihis occasion, shows the
deep feeling of his noble heart.
"It i- uiih thr niviiti-M M ric.w in,'! ci inrin ibal I have Ic.inn'il llif nu'linichn] y tidings of
Co.. I !ii\\ fdril - ili-;ill;. 1 1 r \MI^ k 1 n.u 11 In 1I1C IIS (111 OtlictT nf 11 1 1 it'll CM 1 1 inn 1 ] inidrlMV : ln'iivr.
i -Npciic! ici'. i ini'i ticpvc. 'Ili'- n:;iiii,i-i i i lii- iH alii \\ii- shock iim to nu>, nn<l I h:i\ r thi- day
<-nimnii!iii-!i!i'il in i uii.un-'- -iirli | a|irr- a- I liavc rr'-'avlini; it."
< >n 1 he '! h of Anu'iisl lie writes to (Jeneral Irxine. thus: "I lament the
failure of the exptdition against Sandiisk) and am particularl\ a flee ted
\\ it li the disastrous death of Colonel ( 'rau ford."
The \ arioiis nai'i'atives of the placi- of "xecut ion and biirninu 1 of Colonel
Ciaufurd \\ere so ion ll ici i HL;-. for a time after the \\hite man bewail his
selllements alo||M- the 'l'\ mochtce. tlial the be>i liLiht l rail it ion could lhro\\
on Hie -ubit d lixed the place \\lieie nou a monument i-- erected to the
ineinorv ol Cra\\ ford and hi-> sad fale.
IN I k<il>t ' ii' i\. - i
Tin- in tiiuiii -lit si unls <>n tin- farm oner nwned \>\ hiniel Undue, in
Crawfnrd I uvnship. Wyan Inl ennnl\. m-ar t'raw f<>rd-\ ille. and a slmrt
di-laiier t'rt'in <'aiv\ nil llii- < 'iii'-innali. S.iiiilnsks \ < 'l-\ eland railroad.
Ci'lnii'-l William Crawford was Imrn in lln- >ear I7:;i'. in Orange <->nnt\.
Virginia. >t' S -nl di-Iri-h parent-.
When < ir-ral \Vashtniitou was employed l>\ L>n| Fairfax in -nrve\ the
lar.r<' tra-l- nf land- In- had in tin- \v.-si ..]' Virginia, llit- \mnii; -nr\e\.ir
nfl -n sln|i]i I at Ui" lmn-" nf < 'raw for- 1'-, p.ireni-. when lie made the
acquaint in nf William < 'raw ford.
Tln'> Ii -i-am u.irm frien I- airl their atta'-luu -nl lasted tlirnii^li lit.-.
Tlie\ w.-iv bnth aliiinl tin 1 same au r ''.
CrawlHi'l Irani 1 fmin Wa-.liiii'j;t->n Ih" arl nf siir\r\ im;. l>nlh ^.-lA.-il
nn IIT Hr.t |iln.-k at Fnrt 1 >n (Jiicsii!-. 'l'li"\ \\-M-,- ihcn in tin- |irini" nf lift-
airl vii;nr. (';a\v|nnl \vas\vith Wa-liiir/tmi at tli"crnssinu r 't lln- I)'la\varr.
al 'I'l'i'iitnn. an 1 1'i'inci-tnn in 1777. Hi- \\as sent l>\ Wasliin^inn in take
eliai'Lje nf Fnrl 1'itt lllller i ll^t I'll, 'I inns fpilll ( 'i>llri'e.. Fl'nm thelli-e
I'lirWanl Ills SITViffS W.Tf dcvnl,"! In the frnlllier. where Ir- li^|>la> ed the
liiijhest i|ii:ililit's of milit:ir\ u r ''niu>. Th" e\p -ilitinn a^ain^l >inln^k> wa-
a favnrile srlieiii" wilh him. and was in h,i\ e been the emu ;iin^ a -hie\ em-nt
nf his lif'\ aft'-r lri\ in^ si-rvi 1 1 in tli war nf tin- ivvnlnt i< >M ^i\ full \ ear-.
We \\ ill c|n,i' tlii-N 1 1, u1 nf mir \\nrk li\ si i n pi \ iv la I in^. in a -hnrl u a> . th--
\\nnderfnl e>eape lit' Shiver, the ijuide. and nf dii"inr Kniu r ht.
( )n i he iii'ini'm,'' nf 1 1 it- uth , ( f .In ne. the d<> -inr was airain painted Mark,
and put in the ch nx r " nf a l>,-lawaiv siva^-. a rnii^h-lnnkinir en-s li\ the
name \ '/'"'''. Tle-n th'-\ -rtrt'-d fnr the ->lri\\uers tnwn. snme I'nrl>
miles a wa> . Tut 'In nn hnr-.--liaek dri\ iii'_r Ilie dnelor liefi >re him. The ilm-inr
tried ! make the In liail lielie\e thai he fell eheerflll. and -pnke nf li\illi, r
\\illl him in the -.line linll-e. ete.. wlliell S'-elir'd In please the sa\aL. r e. Tlie\
tra\eled almiil t \\ent > -live mile> that da\ and eamp"d. In the nmrniiiLj
'I'lltelll li\ed Up the life. The dnelnr a-kei) 'I'lltelll t<i l']\ Up a lire behind
him tn keep the nms.piitns a\\.i>. When the sa\a-_ r e tnrneil his haek the
dnelnr si rnek !ii m with a M iek mi 1 he head and the 1 ndian fell fnr\\ ard with
Imlli hamh inl'i the tir.'. lie snnn reenver.-il and ran nfl' Imulim,'. Kniirht
-i/i'd the Indian"- irun. Imt pulliim' haek the enck. bmke the main-)iriii^.
'I'his nreiirred near t he Seintn in I lard in emml \ . a >lmrt ili-laiiee dn\\ n t he
ri\erfrmii Keniiin. Knight then Innk ihe Indian'- blanket, a |>air nf new
mneea-iiis. pnwder Imrn and i;im. and -tarl"d in a iinrtheasterl) direet inn.
*>hnrll> liefnre -iindnw n he reaehed the plain-. Here he hid him-i'If until
nielli-fall, whell he prnei-fih-d nil aild reaehed the Wnnd-nn thenlher -i'le b\
davliirhl. lie a\<idei| the Iraek taken b\ the arm\ niitward a- mneh as
pns-ib|f. I )n the seennd da\ nf his eseape he reached a point in K'iehland
ciinnts . w liere "Spring Mill-" are -itnate. abnni i n. In the c\enini, r lie
be^an tn lie \er\ faint. I>uriii'_ r the -i\ da\- nf hi- impri-nninen! he \\a-
iiearl\ -tar\ei|. lie had Ihi'nwn a\va\ the ^iin a- li-ele--. and \\a- nu
cnlnpelled In li\e nn LTI'eeli ^'i M i-el icITle- and herb-. The blnw he had
reeei\ ed \\ i t h I he b.ii'ls < if n t < imaha w k -I ill hull him \ er\ much. I |e ei <>--) d
the Mn-kinuuni near the nmnth nf the t'nnntien. an ea-lern alllneiit. in
JJ HISTORY 01 sKNKl'A COUNTY.
Tnscarawas county. Hf reached tort 1'itt on the morning of the fourth
da\ of .Inly in safety. He afterwards became the surgeon of the Seventh
Virginia regiment, lie was married on the 14th day of October. 17S4, and
died on the li'lli da\ of March. Ix'ls. tlie fatlier of ten children. Dr. Knight
is entitled to the credit of furnishing to history the most truthful relation
of this sad expedition.
si.oVKi;.
Slover and his two fello\\ captives were taken to a Shawnees town. The
inhabitants came out and beat and abused the prisoners ureatl). They
sei/ed the oldest one of Slover's companions. stripped him naked, and
painted him black with coal and water.
They sent a messenger to Wapatomica to irct ready for the frolic, as they
were comiiiLT. and when the\ approached the town the savages came out
with clubs. Julius and tomahawks. They told the prisoners they must run
to the ( 'oiineil House, aliout three hundred yards away. The man painted
black was the principal object of their sport. They struck him and shot
powder into his Mesh: women and children all en^ajjfed in the frolic.
>hoiit inn' and beating their drums. Arriving at the door the man was cut
ver\ badh and the blood was streaming from the wounds intlicted by the
toinahauks and ritle wads. He laid hold of the door, but was pulled back.
Slo\ersa\\ him carried away, and the Indians slowly killing him. lie saw
his dead hod\ near the ( 'ouncil House, cruelly mangled. Then they cut off
the liead ;uid limb- and stuck them on poles outside of town. The same
evening he saw the bodies of three others mangled to about the same
condition. ( )m- of these was William Harrison, the son-in-law, and the
other William Crawford, the nephew, of the Colonel. The Indians also
had their hordes.
( >n the next da\ a larire council was held. Slover was examined as to his
knowledge of tin frontier. He could speak the lan^uaye of the Miamis.
I )elawares and Shawnees. Captain Klliott and .lames Uirty also came and
a.-siired the savages that Slover had lied, that Cornwallis was not taken. etc.
Hitherto Slovcr had been treated kiudly. Now the\ beiran to abuse him
aNo. Tliis council lasted tifteen days. About one hundred warriors were
present.
See t he humanit > of i lie liritish commander at Detroit. De I'eyster ! At
the close of thi> council a dispatch was broimhl in from that dignitary by a
warrior who had just arrived. It was in these words :
"M> I'liil'lf-n, |.ro\-i-.i(.ii- ;iro scarce. \\'lien i'rioniT> arr Nrmii.')!! in \\c art' oliliyeil lu
inninia: 1 : 'lii-i!i. aii'l M-iui 1 "f lln-ni run away aii'l fsirry li'liiiL'^ nf "iir all'air-. \Vlion any ol
.i':r ].i-i. ). in'.] ir.i'i tin. Imii'N nf 'hi' n-bfl>. liiey ~hn\v MM inrn-y: \\liy.thcii.slKHilil VMII
'a'k'- i-rS'iM 'I'aki iiu nii.p 1 |iri-<iii>T>, !ii> i 'li ill 1 MM i . cif i\ 1 1 y -nri -Mian, \\Minaii. nr cliilM."
T'he ();;,i\\a-. ( "nippeua--. \\'\andot-,. Miii^oe-. Delawares. Shawnees.
Mon-e\ ~ and ( 'In tokees |iarl icipated in this council. Thc\ laid plans for
I.^ili-' ille and U"lieeliiiL r . All prisoner- thereafter Uere to be put lo death.
Tl'i > put a rope around Slover. stripped him naked and blacked him.took
him li\e mile- a\\a\ . t ied him to a tree near a hut and beat him. The\ then
t'"'k him about two mile- turther to Mac-a-chack. near West Libert), in
1 ,11 j.i 1 1 ""Unix . Slover \s a- t ied u it h a rope around his neck to a po-t and a
tin- (mill aroim-1 him. A rain i-oininu up |>ut i.m tin- lift-, uii'l tin- biirnint,'
was postponed until next da>. The) danced around liim until late into the
nivrht . striking ainl \\ouinliiii; liim. The\ then took him t a Mock IHUIM-
and tied him. Three Indians watched him. Near inorniir.,' llie Indians
\\ ei e all asleep, a in I Slo\ er. succeeding in lint \ hit; his I'ope, ran awa\ into a
corn ticlil. He found a horse close b\ . used his rope tor a halter and put oft .
On the third da\ out the horse i^ave out and ua-. abandoned. Sl.>\er
tra\ fled on toot and in his naked coiidit ion reached the ( Hiio near Wheeling.
I Ie returned to Fort 1'itt on the 1 1th o| .1 ul\ . 'I' he last st ra Airier had returned,
i HI: III:I>I\AS< i: <n 17-vs M.T i I.KMKVIS m <>m<> ri.\\M->ii \w -n:i:t 11
IT.KKI I i "III A I. < UK. A MX \TI< >N < l,.\i:K's< \MPAH.N.
Although the treats of I'aris \\as signed in Septeinl'er. IT-*.'!, the ne\\s did
not reach the I'nited Mates for more than one month later, and it \\ as nearl)
tuo months later liefore it readied the uestern frontier. Meanwhile the
conllict in the \\cst \\as kept up \\itli all its terror. Settlements \\ere
at tacked alonii the Ohio ri\ er and abandoned. F \pedi lions wrre orvrani/ed.
prosecuted and aliandoned, often in disaster. The stniiftrle to comiuer the
Indians and possess the west seemed almost hopeless.
NOW came the tidimrs of peace and a new life seemed to spread o\ei the
land like the da\\ n of da\ follou in.tr a ni^lit of storm.
A Mr. l)alton \\as tro\ eminent airent on the \Vahash. I Ie called a council
of the chiefs and announced to them the fact that peace was declared in the
f<llo\\ hit; \\ ords :
M\ rhiMr.-n ' \\'li;it I hu\i- nl'tcii luM \nu hii- im\v cuinr in |.ii". 'Ilii- day 1 rvc.-i\r.|
ln-u> iroin my un-iit i-liiri al tin- fall* ui (ilii.>. 1'i-nrr i> niH'li- uilli tin- i-iu-niii- i.f AnnTif.i.
Tin- liiiiiuhtiuk is t'lirifi]. Tin- sliau iu-t>. (In- \>i liiwiircs. the < liica-nu v ami ihf ih.-n.krc
!ni\ taki-ii iln' l.nii^ Knii'c l'\ ihc liiunl. '1'licv liavi' i:ivrii iij. tin- cii|pii\.- flu-y hint taken.
M\ c liiMri'ii ui' tin- Wal'ii-,)]. .i|ii-n \Diir i'iir>-. iiii'l K-t uhat I tell yc.u -ink {<>] intc vmir
hcartv Vn'i kii"U iniv N.-ar l\v.-nly \ rurs 1 have' l.rfti uiii-'iii; ymi. 'tin- I.i.ni: K nii'i- i- my
nilti'iii 1 kih.\\ iln-ir l:t-iir!>. i'racc Ihf_v rarry in i.nc haii'l ami uar in tin- otln-r. < "ii-i'l.'!
l:i\v \\hii-li Mill \\\\\ i ||.n.i>. \\ r ni-\i-r lic'j pracr uf nlir cMrlil ir-. If \ M InVi- \ i ill r \\ i 'Ilirll
:l!l>l i-liil'lrrll. rrr.'iVr llif l.i-ll "f \Mllll]itl 111 1 plr-i'Ilt \..M. llftliril In Illf tin- l"t|itiVf> > i .11 lla\.'
in your \ illii izt 1 -, a ml i l.c lii>ri-s ynii -lulr fnnn m> |'n ip!.- in K .-in urk> . ^ 'i >ur mni lirM- \\ <', <
n.'\rr > li-tu i-ln'il l.\ i In- l.niiu' K iiifc \\ lnlr \ c.ur u arrir- i-rc i. ilil.iiii; m\ ji.-i.j.'.i-."
Mi". I>allnn presented the chief \\ith a I'clt of Mne ainl \\hite \\ainpuin.
There Uere se\efal tribes represented oil the occasion, but I'iailke-diau \\a>
recoo;iii/.ed as the Iiead chief of the most |io\\erful tribe, lie accepted the
emblem df peace, and then \\ith much ditrnitv of manner, replied :
M\ iii-.-iil I'alh'-r. tin- l...ny Knife. \\\ lia\e I.een many \ear> aniMiU'l n- \nii lia\i-
-nil. !-.! l.\ u-. We -':!' hiij..' \.ni ii! h:i\'- \'\<\ ami e( ini|iii>-inii I.IM.II u>. MII i.iii \\.'!ae:i an.!
(liil.lT-fM : the Min ^liin. - .,11 us. nn.l tli.- -..(..I i..-u~ ,,| |M ae. a|.|.. ;,:-: ..urfii..-. I lii- is l|-,,-
.|\ of jo\ I,, th" Un'.a-h I :..!:. 1 1 v \Viih oin- lot uu. \v , .,-(..; I. U . a. . |-l j .... ; |--..|, ,. >..-\\
We t-cc.-i\c(l the t,,mal.,ik ft..m III. Ki,_-;i-!i. l'o\,tt\ f..,...j \\ ,.:.:..:;,_,. .) >.\
oth.-l trli-ev. \\ , ;i:.. -o::;, |..| 11 I .. .lav u .-. eleel t!;. -. .lit. 1 '...!..- . .1 ..: f n,-l-.. I- ull'!
l.ur-. them in one i;ia\.' l|.r.-i>lh. (-. |.e Oiai . ;\ - i:- \\ . i,a\ .';;: ie.l :!i.
toiii.iluiu k . ha\ . \' '. !'ii : :::.-!;.! -!.:)- in \ ! t. . ). > ! . .k. -n. ni.'i :: .\' . -i:i..ke o'lt ,.j \ .. .: (:[..
\\ . kno\\ ilia' III'- i . |. ai -I'-.i it w n- .in.ji \ ith i.- to:- -lealin-j \ . : !..!-. - ami .ct;;. - : :.i: >..:::
24 HISTOKY OK SKNKCA COUNTY.
people. Hr hit* sent u- so niueh snow aii'l cold weather us to kill your horses with our own.
\Ve un- a pour people. \V hope that (i.>l will help us. ami thiit tlie I/m^r Knife will have
e )inpas.-ion <>ii our women anil ehildreii. Your people who are with us are well. We shall
eolleet tlii'iu when they eome ill from hunting. \Velove them, and so do our yonntf women.
Some of \oiirpeople mend our 1:1111*. others tell us they e. in make rum out of eorn. They
are nou the same a.- we. In one moon after this \ve will take them hack to their friends in
Kentueky.
My l-'ather' This lieinc the day of joy to the Wal>a.-h Indians, we ben a little drop of your
milk 'rum to let our warrior* see that it fame from your l>rea*t. \\'e were horn and raised in
tlieuood-. \\'e <'oiild never leurn to make rum. <iod has made the wliile man master of the
world."
Having finished his sp.-ech. 1'iankeshaw presented Mr. Dalton with three
strings of \v.iinpiiin as a pledge of peace. Kvery reader must be impressed
with the tone of despondency that pervades this address and the melancholy
spirit that asks for rum.
In all the various treaties and inU-rcourses for peace with the Indians, the
reader is t'ivt|iiently met by the tmu "LonK Knife." By this expression, of
course, is meant the "whit;- nrni." or the "general j, r o\ eminent." The way
the term came to lie used, is said to have occurred in thiswise: A Colonel
( iibson. while st it ioned at Fort I 'it t. in a certain attack with his troops upon
a company of Indians, and i^-Unii; into a hand to hand ti.^ht. cut off the
head of an Indian with his sword, in one stroke. This struck terror into
the hearts of the other Indians, who lied, and reported to their chiefs that a
pale face had cut off the head of an Indian with a "Loii"; Knife."
The British traders in Canada kept up their business with the Indians as
before, and. in direct violation of the treaty, replenished the fuel that was
still burninir in the hearts of the savages throughout the northwest against
the white people.
The vast territory lyiiiu; north of the Ohio river and extending far west
to the Mississippi, was claimed, by charters from the Kintf of Kmjland.
by Connecticut. Massachusetts and Virginia. Kach of these states now
consented to rcliinjiiish its claim to the general jrovernnient with the
exception of reser\ ations by Connecticut and Virginia. These two states,
embarrassed by the war. retained each a portion of the territory for the
purpose of pa\ int, r its debt to the revolutionary soldiers.
The region thus ceded to Connecticut, lyiii"; north of the 41st decree
north latitude, and extendinvr from the west line of Pennsylvania to the
west line of what is now 1 1 uron coimU . was called the "Western Keser\e"
|-'ireland>." l! extends from the lake, south, to what is now known as
the "ha^e line." lift\ miles wide and one hundred and twenty miles loiiy
from ea>t 1" wc-d.
V'irjii nia retained the lands lyin.ir between the Seioto and the Little Miami,
which \\ ;e> called the \" ir.Lrinia Military District."
1!\ lhe>e (-,^in|i> the LTelieral '_ r ( i\ erillllcllt became |io>sessed of thexast
region nf uninhabited terrili>r\ exlendiii"; to the lakes of the north and
wol to me M i^^i^--i|i]ii ri\ei-. now torminir the states of Ohio. Indiana.
Illinois. U'isc(in>iii and Michigan. By the celebrated ordinance id' 17s7.no
le->th;iu three iK>r mure than li\'c >tates \\'ere to be or^ani/.ed in this vast
realm a- soon as tin- number of whit- inlialnl nits would warrant. The
Federal < iov eminent now established a territorial \f\ ei iiia-nt over the
saint'.
Let us nut forget before leaving this part of our subject mi" beautiful
feature in that ureal oi dinance. engrafted up >n il bv -lav,- owm-i-. and
which teache- a le--nn for ii)t>ilitati<iii. when tin' passion-. of pn p t> -trife
\\ ill ad in it nl' -Mil XT re Meet ion. and iriv e the better part of our nature nobler
iiiipulsi's and a larger tield :
\n man -hall lie arrested I'm- hi- nm ! of worship or hi- religions
seiitimeiits. The utmost yood faith shall li nb-erv ed toward the Indians:
that their lands sliall never lie tak"ii from them witlmui their cnn-.-nt.
unless in just and lawful war.
'Tlffi >/('/' '" milh'i- >/</-.,// ,,-.,- liu-'ilitnt'iril ^ rrltn-l- in .-//'-/ t, rrit'n-;/.
.,//,. yir/s.' ///.(,i //( tin iiHni.tlllil'i'it nf i'i-iin' n-'i- r>'nf tli' } ft ij sh'i'l /,./- / ,'
,////(/ rnnf'irtiil." !<.
.Now companies lie^an to lie or^.ini/.ed in th" Atlantic state- for the
purpose of establishing colonies in this i-rritor>. The ()hio ( 'oiiip.tn> .
form -d of ntlii-ers of the arms and s.ildier- of the r,-\ olut ion. located
bctw.-en the Muskiiiu r mn and the I In -klm 'kiiiLT rivci-s. The ^oveniiuent
owed m in\ ot the-e lar^e sum- of IIMIICX and had inHhiiiir to pa> them \\ ith
but land. The\ took their land- at one dollar p-r acre, and paid for it in
-crip or nth' , i i-iil- iii-is nt' il'ht In,- ,; rnl it' initn ri/ s cc/i- x. The plirdia-e
included about one an I a half million- of acre-.
John ( 'le\ es S\ ill Hie-, of New .ler-c\ . |Hireha-ed .">I.IMMl acre- bet u fen t he
Little Miami and the (treat Miami for -i\t> cent- an acre.
deneral Hufiis I'litnam. with hi- )iart> . settled near the nmuth nf the
MuskiiiLCum mi the 7th day of April. ITss. ()ne remarkable feature in all
these ear!> settlements is the fact that Ihe enlniiists were L. r eiierall\ men of
cult nre. refinement and hiirh moral \\orth. The\ lYamcd -imple code- of
laws and publi-hed them b\ nailinu them aii'ain.-t tree-.
The ordinance which oricani/ed the LTO\ ernment wa- placed in the hand-
of a u'n\enmr and three judges, (ieneral Arthur Si. ('lair ua- a|ipointed
governor, and immediatel\ proceeded (o oix r nni/e hi- council. The \\lmle
cmintr> imrth of the Ohio ri\ er. bet \\ ecu the M n ski nun m and I lock hocking.
was designated a- the coiin1> of \Va-hinLrtou.\\ilh Marietta, of course, as
Ihe coimt\ seat. Marietta \\a- named in honor of Marie A ntoinefie. t he
unJiapps queen of l.oiii- X\'l.. ami in token f ^'latitude for the aid
furni-hed l>\ I-' ranee in the revolution. Here Ihe iir-1 civil court vva- held
for the iinrtliir, stu-n l< /V/'/H,-//. on the l!i| dav of Sep! elllbel. 1 Tss.
Mathia- l>enman. of New .ler-ev. purdia-ed a -ection of land and a
fraction, for \\ hieh he paid liv e -hilliiiL; 1 - per acre, lie laid outalovvnand
called it Lo-anleville. vv Inch vv as at tervv ards chamxed into < 'incinnat i. 1 1 ovv
the price of land ha- im-rea-ed in that sei-iioii!
u i;i; < i IM vn:i;i i .
The commerce of ( 'inci nnat i for t he \ ear ending -I anna rv 1 . I sT'i. amounted .
in value of ^nod- imported and exported, to - Jici. 1 }i,.-n::. |-',,r the pre-ent
v ear. w it h 1 he renew ed act iv il v in bii-iiie-- of all kind-; the ^i eat pi < nl m t ! >n
in agricultural and miiiinLT di-trid-. Ihe iin-rea-e in maniil'act ure- and 'he
higher value-, il i- ea-v to -ee that Ihev \\ ill airirretratr t'nlh ^.^HI.IKHI.IHHI. < f
-?6 HISTORY 01 SKNF.CA COUNTY.
the sum for last year. Slso.UOO.(MM) were for exports, and S.UUI5.000.000 imports.
Among the former maybe mentioned pork and hog products at a value of
overSlO.OOO.ooo; groceries. So.OOO.lMM); cotton S10.0<M).(MM>: whisky, SI S.OOO .000;
malt litpiors. sU.iMHi.(KM); boots and shoes. So. .")(M).(MMI; butter. SI .U">0.(MM); coffee.
So.( xxi.tM xi; furniture. s").(XX).(MMi; hardware. sr>.(MM).000; oil. S.3.000,000; tobacco.
>lo.uoo.(XHi. In imports there were cattle valued at SH.000.000; coal. S3.000.-
(Xlli; coffee. S".-">00.NX): cotton. SKUMMI.OOO; Hour. S3 .00(1. 1 1(1(1; boots and shoes.
s:;.")(Ki.(MM); hardware. S").")00.(MMi; hogs valued at S1U.OOO.OOO; sugar, S<>.f>00,0<M);
tobacco. sln.doo.tMMi; whisky. S7.(MM).(MMi: wheat S4.(XIO.()(M).
Vincenue.s. near the western line of Indiana, was also made the county
seat of another county, bounded on the south by the Ohio river, on the east
b\ the (Treat Miami, ami on the west by the Wabash. larger than several
states of the I'liioii. St.Clair proceeded to the Mississippi where a few
huts on the left bank formed another settlement. Here he established the
count) of St. Clair. embracing nearly the whole of Illinois.
It would be a source of great pleasure to record here some of the
very many incidents, of a most thrilling nature, connected witli the early
settlements along the Ohio river and along the mouths of the Miami and
Muskingum.
But. admonished by the fact that too many of our pages are being taken
possession of by these reminiscences. I will only describe a few of the
expeditions that were organ i/ed from time to time to subdue the savages,
because all or nearly all of these had a tendency to rescue the valley of the
Sandusky and northwestern Ohio from the owners, who by force of
circumstances and without paper title, were the monarchs of the soil.
These expeditions are given in the abstract without regard to chronological
nicety. For detail, the kind reader will of course peruse more general and
extended history.
deneral Clark was a military leader of Kentucky, stationed at the falls.
He was a man of great force of character and considerable military ability.
When he heard of the disastrous battle at Blue Licks, he resolved to
pursue and punish the Indians. He formed a junction with Colonels Floyd
and Logan, which gave him a force of about one thousand men. Colonel
Boon joined the arm) as a volunteer. The) crossed the Ohio on the ."Oth of
September. 17-U. and commenced their march up the Little Miami. They
reached the old town of Chillicothe. where they chastised the Indians
terribly and destroyed their town, their goods and their crops, and returned
victorious!) .
'all of ITsCi. (icneral Logan organ i/ed another great
the savages in Ohio, in which man) prominent men
>k part. It was the intention of the deneral to make
ic war againM the savages. Colonel
"oops again marched on the Indian
\ iliaiies on the Scioto. and laid them \\asle.killing man) savages. Simon
Kfiiton accompanied thK expedition. All the villages were burnt, and
nearl) all the inhabitants were slain or taken captives. A region of forty
mile- \\ide and one hundred miles in length. \\a> laid uttcrh desolate. The
compap). under the command of Simon Kenlon. took no prisoners. It was
ths'ir olijeet tu wreak -uch terrible vengeance upon tin- savage- that thrv
would never a^ain make raids upon the settlements.
The part v w ith < ieneral Clark was less -ucressful. His provisions Iterame
exhau-led and a lar^i- iniiulii-r of hi- iin-n deserted liim to keep from
starvation. \\'ithi>iit accumplishim: anvlhim. r . In- \\illi his half-starved
Difii. ret in 'lied to llir tails ul < )hio. eov eied \\ith shame ami contusion at
tin- unmerited distract- ul' their arms. Tin- unfortunate Cieneral never
recovered from 1 he Now . lie Mink into profound melancholy, in which at
length lit- died. aired and poor. Thr t'ailmv ol' Clark excited ihc \inditi\i-
Sliaunn-> en tin 1 \Valiasli. and uru't-d tlu-iu nn tu tiullit-i Dinrairr^. 'Hit-
\\intfi' ti>llo\\ ini;. tin- df|r'ilatii)iis uf tin- >a\au r i-s \\cn- cxtrndt-il all aluiiu
tin- trout ii-r i'T I't'iiiisv Ivaiiia and V iririnia. a di>tam-c ut" u\ t-i [ lu-<- Imndrrd
luili-s.
It is otimatfd that IH-IVM-CM 17^.". ami 17!Hi. tin- Indians kilN-d. \\uiiiidrd and
tuuk rapti\r. liltrrii liiindi'i'd men. \\i>!iii'H and childn-n. and dfstiu\fd
|iru|irrt\ \\urth litt\ thuii>and dollars, \\hirh sum at that tinif u as rimsidi'ivd
imnn'iisc. 'rin-ri 1 \vi-n- nu niillionain-s in tho>i-_da>s. Furtuiifs \\rr- not
madf and lo>t in our stroke. Men wen- not made rirh ur niiiu-d 1>\ the >al-
or juiri-hasi- of railroad stocks, and thriv \\crr no hulls" nor "ln-ars" in
Wall >trrri: hi-ni-c tin-re was no IJlack l-'i'ida\ in that >t I'liiT'-'lf for litV.
l^ortuiH-s madf and lo>t in a day. speculations in railroad. >tfamhuat ainl
minim.' stock-. IJlack Fridays in .L r old. and the making <>t millionain-s in a
da\ . a IT the tilings ot' a faster au r '. For licttt-r or for \\ orsr '?
In tin- fall of 17'.u. (icii. Ilarmar. at the head of three hundred regular
troops, and al">ul one thousand militia. \\as ordered to march upon the
Indian to\\ us alouu the lake and cha>tise them to siicli a deLCi'ee as to arre-t
all future ilepredat ions.
( )n the Jl>t of Septemlier this expedition rende/N'oiised at Fort Wa>liili'_ r ton.
and on the following da\ commenced theii- march upon the Miami villages.
Il took them seventeen da\ >' liard mai'diiiiLT over a rou-^li and >\\amp\
coimti'v hefore thev came into the \jcinitv of the eiiem>. Meantime.
[iriiv isions liecame searee. The (General I'mind himself miller the neceitv
of -v\ee|iinu r the foi'fvt with numerous small detachment^, and as the wood-
>vv armed with Indian-, mo-t of these part ie- were cut off.
At length ihe expedition, thus u'reatlv redueeil. came w ilhin a few mile-
of an Indian town. Here Captain Armstrong was ordei'ed.at the head !
t hirt v regulars, a nd < 'ol. 1 1 ard in. of Kent uckv. with one hundred and lift v
militia, to advan"e and reconiioit i'e. In the execution <'l this order thev
siiddfiilv found lheinselve> in an aliduiseade l>v a laru'e hodv of Indian-, wh.o
innnedialelv opened lii'e upon t hem.
The mil'il ia L'av e vv av . and Ihe ri-u'ular- a I tempted a IIP TC ordei'l v re 1 real .
The I ndian-. w it h lomaha w k- held h i'_ r h i n t In- a i r. ! -u-1 n d upon and coin
pletelv -uii'ounded the troop-. The regular- allciiii'Ied I" open a pa a u r "
wilh ih'ir liavoic-t-. lull lliev were all de-,t r,i\ n! excejit Iln-ir c.ipt.iiu and
one lieutenant, who made their escape. The lo of the militia \\.i- v civ
I I'illinu.
Not w ilh-landim: thi- heavv Mov\ . den. Harmai advanced u]u.n tl
2,S HISTORY or SKXKCA I'orXTY.
villages, which he found deserted and in (lames, the Indians themselves
having tired their houses. He also found here several hundred acres of
corn, which he destroyed. Marching on to the other villages he found them
destroyed in the same manner, and he also destroyed the corn near there.
Then the arm> commenced its retreat from the Indian country, supposing
the Indians to be sullicienth punished.
After a march of about ten miles on the homeward route, the (General
received news which led him to suppose that the Indians had returned to
their burning villages, and he immediately detached eighty regular troops,
with nearly all of the militia, the former under the command of Major
Wyllys. and the latter under Col. Hardin. with orders to return to the
villages and destroy such of the enenn as presented themselves. The
detachment countermarched with all possible speed to the appointed spot,
fearful onh that the enemy might have noticed their return and escaped
again before they could reach them. The militia, in loose order, took the
advance. The regulars brought up the rear. .lust as the troops \\ere
Hearing the town, a number of Indians were observed, and a sharp action
immediately ensued. Shorth the savages lied and were hotly pursued by the
militia, who in the ardor of the chase were drawn into the woods, quit*- a
distance from the regulars.
Suddenh several hundred Indians appeared from the opposite quarter,
rushing with loud yells upon the regulars, thus unsupported by the militia.
Major \V\ llys. a brave and experienced otlicer. formed his men into a square
and endeavored to gain a more favorable spot, but was prevented by the
impetuous attack of the Indians. In spite of the heavy lire poured in upon
them, they rushed upon the bayonets and hurled their tomahawks with fatal
accuracy. Putting the ba\onets aside witli their hands, or clogging them
with their bodies, they were quickly mingled with the troops, where the\
used their knives with such terrible effect, that in two minutes the blood\
struggle was over. Major \V\llys fell, one lieutenant and seventy-three
privates. One captain, one ensign and seven privates, three of whom \\ere
wounded, were the sole survivors of this short but desperate encounter.
The loss of the I ndians was about equal. The attack was as finely conceived
as it was holdh executed. When the militia returned from the pursuit of
the thing party it was toe late for help. They soon effected their retreat to
I he main bod\ . with a loss of one hundred and eight killed and twenty-eight
wounded. This dreadful slaughter so reduced ( Jen. I larmar's arm\ . that In-
\\a^ happ\ to return to Fort Washington \\ith the fraction he had left.
ha\inu' utterh tailed in his mission.
This disastei was folloued b\ a loud demand for a greater force to form a
ne\\ expedition, which \\as also accomplished, as we shall presenlh see.
sT. ( I. A I It's i:\ I'KIUTKiX .
F>\ an aM ot ( 'oiiL r ress <>| 1 7s 1 . A rthur St . Clair. C
ern lerritorx. was also appointed Major-Cieneral
of l he military forces.
An ami) t two thousand men assembled at
ex pi -d it ion \\ a-^ or^an i/ed aii'ai list the I ndians on t he Mai mice. A blockhouse
wa^ e'ectcd i\\eiit\ miles north of ( 'inciimati. and called Fort Hamilton.
IN I k< [>! ( I l iN. 2t)
Tuent) miles further north the\ erected ;iml uarri-mied another fort ami
called it St. ( 'lair. Still another I'm tin-! mi uas called Kurt .Jefleison. Fi\e
ni si\ \\eeks uere einplos fi| at these uorks. Provisions hecame scarce, ami
al a point ahout ninet\ miles from Fort Washington. >i\l\ Kentiickiaiis,
disgusted \\itli the proceedings, shouldered their muskets, ami in defiance of
all authorits . commenced their inan-h homeward. (H*II. St. ('lair was dail)
expecting fresh supplies, ami fearing that the deserters ini^ht secure tliem.
sent quite a t'u i cc tu protect the provisions. This left him mil) admit l.lm
men. N'o\ eniher liad cm i ie \s ith its storms and rains. The) uere compelled
t" cut their \\a\ tlirminh a dense forest. over \\et soil, and the movement of
tlieir artillci > uas attended uith '.rival ditticultv.
( ten. St. ( 'lair \\as au'ed. inlinn. and siilVerinu irn-atU \\ith u'mit. Smne-
liod> uas ccrtainls to hlaine for undertaking a canipaiirn at tlii-^ M-a->]i under
the^e circumstances, and the seipic] \\ill -ho\\ that Ihe> \\ere mit-^eiieraletl
li\ Ihe Indian cliiefs. ()nthe third of Noxemher the\ readied a point mie
hundred and t\\ent\-!ive miles north of Fort Washington, and still lift\
miles ^oiith of the Indian touns mi the Maumee. uhid: the> \\ere on tin-
ma iv 1 1 to destro\ . It uas a dismal da\ : the ground u as co\ ered \\\\\\ siiou .
and tin- feet of the soldiers \\ere s,,aked uith \\ater. Cutting: their \\a>
1 hi on- 1 1 the |>at hles> torcst the\ leached a creek . a con ill lent of the \Val>ash.
ilei'etht-v camped for the niirlit. The militia \\ere sent across the creek,
and hi vm lacked in t u o parallel lines. \\ it h a space of a hoi it tu o 1m ml red feet
iieiueen them. Soon t he> liad a roarimj; lire in this intermediate space,
illnminat im,' t he forest far and u ide. NO scouts \\ ere sent out . for all u ere
m-arl> perishing u ith cold and fat i^ue. and there u ere no simis of aii\ foe.
I '.ill t lie sln'eU d s;i\ aires U ere \\ at c| i i liL' e\ er\ Il|o\ ell lent . a lid . llllN i II L r asseln-
hled armind the camp in irreat nnmhers. each s t -| r cted his position hehiml
sonic tree \\liere lie coiiM lie protected and remain unseen. St. ('lair's men
u.Tr huddled dosfl\ toL'ethei-. uithmit an\ protection. ho\erinu r around
their lire. ( >n the oilier side of the creek the regulars ui-rc stationed armunl
their lil'es. also. fnll> rexealed to the sa\;iL. r '-s. The tl'oops could liol uell
ha\ e l.eei i pul into a more exposed posit ion. The niuht passed au a\ i|iiiet 1\ .
Meanuhile. tin- sa\au r es \\ere preparing for the slaughter. Tin- da> had
dauiicil. and the militia \\ere |>re|>arim, r iheii' hreakfast in thoughtless
confusion . u hen the \ ell of a t ho lisa ml sa\ a c jfes and 1 he discharge of mns-
i\e;r\ fell upon their ears. F\er\ Indian had a soldier for a target; scarcd\
one missed his aim. The slaughter \\as terrihle. The militia hecame panic
strii-ken. and tied uith utmost haste. man> of tliem \\ithoin their unns.
The\ plunged pell-mell ihrolluh the creek and through the lil'st lines of the
regulars, and stopjied a t nmnlt iioiis. hel|i|ess mass al the second.
All this \\as the uoik of litleeii minutes.
\o\\ the little arni> of les-, than a thousand men ueie huddled to^ethei
in terror-stricken confusion, and exposed to a deadl\ lire troine\er\ direc-
tion. \o foe to lie seen, except U hell a sa\;c_;e \\oiil.d make ail e\chaill_ r e of
tie.,. There uas no loom for l>ra\er\. except to meet dealh \\itlimit a
i i einoi . The! e u as no room for heroism. In -cause the cue m\ \\ as in\ is:l>|e.
("o 1 ,, hi, ike \\as in command of the seeond lineot' re-ul.n -. and stoppcii
the rliudit of tlie militia, lie formcil hi- line and charged into the foicsi.
'!'!' \' .1 I . I II I 1,111- I el i red I ie 1 1 1 1 e him, U ll ile the I ill! let - I I o|| i a'l a! oi;nd U i-le
rapidly striking down his men. As Drake drew back his position, the
Indians closed in like the waves of the sea. It seems that a large body of
sharp-shooters had been detailed especially to attack the artillerymen. In a
short time even man at the guns was shot down. Within one hour from
the commencement of the attack, one-half of St. ('lair's men were either
killed or wounded, and nearly every horse was shot. The Indians killed over
nine hundred of St. ( 'lair's army, took seven field-pieces, two hundred oxen,
a great man\ horses, but no prisoners. The wounded were tomahawked
and scalped on the spot. The Indians lost but sixty-six warriors. For the
dovernor's otlicial account of this disaster, see Abb. History of Ohio, page
The Governor was himself not wanting of bravery. He did all he could
under the circumstances. Fight bullets passed through his clothes and hat.
He had three horses killed under him. The men who tried to bring up the
fourth horse fell dead with the animal, and the invalid Governor was com-
pelled to retreat on foot, which he did with wonderful alacrity.
An old. worn-out horse was overtaken and the Governor put upon that.
and but for that timely aid he would have been left upon the field to fall
into the hands of the savages. Greatly would they have rejoiced at the
opportunity to apply the torture of Crawford to another "Big Captain."
We are compelled, for want of space, to omit recording any of the very
many thrilling scenes connected with this sad page of frontier history, and
will only mention the remarkable fact that amongst the camp followers there
were no less than two hundred and fifty women they, with a great many of
the men in the ranks, taking it for granted that there would be no lighting;
that the Indians would sue for peace: that garrisons would be established,
under whose protection they and their husbands might lind new homes.
Fift\-six of these were killed, and tortured even more brutally than the
men. Some accounts state that even two hundred of these women fell
\ ict ims to savage barbarity. Some time after this disaster an old squaw was
heard to say that "her arm got very tired that day scalping white men."
The troops never stopped in their retreat until Fort .Jefferson \\as reached,
thirl \ miles a wa> .
On reaching the fort and finding the provisions exhausted there, it was
thought best to proceed on and meet the wagons loaded with provisions that
were expected even da\ . and could not be more than one or twoda\s"
marches ;i\\a> . So the arm\ . exhausted and terrified as it was. pressed on
at leu o'clock that night and met the wagons the next morning. A part of
the ilour \\as immediately distributed, and the balance sent on to the fort.
The main bod\ now proceeded to ( 'incinnati and reported at Fort Wash-
ington.
Three distinguished Indian chiefs led the battle IJlue .Jacket. 1'iiickoiiga-
heias and Liule Turtle. These were men of remarkable abilitx. Little
Turtle, especially, took great interest in bringing his tribe to adopt civil i/.a-
iion. He inouired of den. Harrison respecting the organi/.ation of the
national L;M\ eminent . lie met Koscinsko in Philadelphia, in l s li'. and
pule ;; \\aim friend-hip sprum_ r up heiueen them. Little Turtle li\ed
se\ erai \ ears after I he late war. and \\ a- esteemed for his wisdom, courage
ft
IN i K'U'I i I lnV }l
Tin 1 most simple explanation of tin- defeat of St. ('lair is. that he was
out-i;eneraled by chiefs who were his siipei io|-> in Indian warfare.
Ami shall we ask the question why such humane chiefs would allow these
liorrihle atrocities to he perpetrated he fore their own eyes'-
l.'t us like the Yankee way by asking a question to answer another.
Were not the inquisitions, the crusades, tin- Imniinifs at stake can ied on
under the preach inir of the glorious ijospe I of Jesus Christ, pleading for lo\ e
to dod and your fellow -man. scenes of atrocity equal to these in all their
horror?
(.KM:K\I. w \\\i:'s AMI-AK.N.
St. ( 'lair's defeat raised a fearful storm of indignation airaiiist him. lie
was a man greatly esteemed for many manly traits of character. He was
sincerely devoted to the public welfare. lie was lioril in 1~:U. He recehed
a lilier.il education, studied medicine, joined the army and was with den.
Wolf at the storming of (Quebec, in 17>i.",. In the revolutionary war he was
appointed Major-) ieneral and stationed at Ticondero-_ra. IJefoie he was
appointed ( inventor of the northwestern territory . he w as a ineiuliei of the
Continental Congress, and succeeded Hancock as chairman. He continued
in otlire as ( iovernor until he was removed in Isn^. by Thomas Jefferson.
He died on the :>lst day of August, MV poor in means, at the aire of
eighty -four.
The s,id fate of St. ('lair's army spread '_ r rief and mourning amongst the
frontier settlements.
Those iii the Miami country were abandoned. Many of the pioneers went
with the army across the Ohio river. The Indians crowded their ravages
upon the settlements, and liecanii' so hold as to appear in the streets of
Cincinnati to spy out a plan for an atl.u-k upon Fort Washington.
It was nearly a year h -fore Congress took any action in the matter. I)ep-
redatioiis on the frontier were constantly ^oini, r on.
< ten. S'.-ott . soon al't'M' the St. Clair disaster. a<-hie\ed a complete victory
o\er the Inliaiis. near the river. Imt stitistics of the same are not \er\
accessible, an 1 particulars are wanting.
New trooj is were gathered al t he falls of the ( )h in for another ex ped it inn.
under the leadership of Anthony Way ne. w hos.- inipe! uosjty u f a\'- him the
iiam.- of M;id A n' hony ."
\\"ayne was born in KaMn. reiiiisy |\ ania. on ;h<- Isth day of January .
ITI'i. lie was a siir\c\or at ei^lil'-cii \ears o|' auv. In 177"> he raised a
iv'/ini -lit of \ oluiiteers. and b-cani" its Colonel, lie became a UriuMdiei -
< ieneral. and was at Krandy w in.-, lie led the capture of Stony I'oint. In
17i'i; (ten. \\'ashinu r lon a|i|ioiirt -il him successor of St. ('lair in command
o\ er the arms of the nort h w est .
In Si -pi em her. of 17'.<:;. den. \\'a\ m- had so far opjani/ed hi- army as to be
reacly to move into the Indian country. He ivacheil I-',. it .letlei-on by rapid
marches. This fort was sit uate about t went y -li\ e miles south w est of xji|ue\ .
'he county seat of Shelliy county . lie fortitied the camp well, ainl caiie.l it
dreen \ ille. noyy i he -eat ol just ice o| I )arke coi i nt y . 1 1 ere he map IP- w ini-T
quarters. Commissioners had been sent to the Inpliaiis. y\ ho lai'e.) to
conclude a peace, inasmuch as the Indians deinandeil ilia! ai! the \\hile
sellliMllents should In- le|IIPi\ed acp'ss the ('ill" IINel'. .Hid the llottliWes;
}J HISTORY 01 SKMH'A C'OfNTY.
belong exclusive!) to the Indians. This meant resistance. Hoth sides
prepared for war. On the 17th day of October. 17!:>. Lieutenant Lowry and
ensign I5o\ d. \\ ith ninets men. while escorting to camp (ireenville a train of
(went) wagons loaded with grain and stores, were attacked by the Indians,
under the leadership of Little Turtle. The Americans were totally routed,
losing both otlieers. lifteen men. seventy horses and all their wagons.
On the i!lth da\ of August, the (ioveruor of Kentucky had furnished
Wa\ne \\itli sixteen hundred mounted volunteers, under the command of
(ten. Scott. In December. Wayne moved upon the place where St. ('lair
was routed, built a fort and called it Fort Recover). The place is now in
Mercer county, and within one mile of the Indiana state line. It was on
Christmas da\ when they pitched their tents on the old battle ground,
liefore the men could make their beds they had to carry away the bones,
which the) buried the next da\ . Amongst these were six hundred skulls.
In main cases the sinews still held the bones together. Here one compam
of artillen and one of rillemen were left. The rest returned to Fort
ue then advanced up the Auglai/e to the Maumee. Here in
tliever) heart of the enemy's country, lie constructed a fort and called it
" Fort Defiance." a ver\ appropriate name. He put up two block houses
direct!) between the junction of the two great streams. Stout palisades
enclosed near!) two acres of ground. A wall of earth outside of the pickets
\\asfaced\\ith logs. Heyond that a ditch was dug fifteen feet wide, eight
feet deep, filled by water from the Auglai/.e.
The Indians in this region were far advanced in civili/.ation. by their
intercourse with the French, and the eoiintr) around was well cultivated.
More than a thousand acres were in corn. Apple and peach orchards had
been started, (ieneral Wa\ne returned to (ireenville. leaving the fort
garrisoned. The troops under his command now numbered about three
thousand. As far as could well be ascertained, the Indians numbered
about two thousand. Mau\ Mritish otlieers and Canadian troops were
associated with them, still encouraging the savages to resistance.
(ieneral Wa\ue was under full instructions from (ieneral Washington as
to the manner of procedure.
The Indians \\atclied all these works closel) and resolved to make a
desperate effort to capture the forts. On the "dth of .June. 17M4. some lifteen
hundred I nil ia us with several companies of Canadians, with faces blackened
and in I ml ian cost nines, led b\ Brit ish otlieers in full uniform, made a furious
attack on Fort Keco\er\. Major Mc.Malion was encamped just outside of
the works with one hundred and lift) troops. The enemy rushed upon the
detachment and assailed the fort from every side, but were repulsed and
compelled to abandon the field, where on the 4th da\ of November. 17!1 .
the\ had uaii-ed so urea! a victor) . Major Me Ma lion, lieutenant I >rake and
luent) other otlirefs \\ere killed and thirl) wounded. The loss of the
eneni) was \t r\ hea\\ : the exact number \\as never ascertained until it
uas disejosed at lhe treat) of (ireem ille.
den. \Va\ ne ol,e\ed \er\ closel) the instruct ions of (ieneral Washington
e'.iii to tl.e minute rules of la\iim off a camp. Fort Deliance was one
lui'idnd and three mil''- from ( ireem ille. N'o\\ \\a\ne pressed forward
an. I i low ii I lit- Mai 1 1 HIT ti> tin- rapid.s. some foi t) -live miles, and u ilhin sev en
miles of tlif old F.nulisli Foil Miami, erected Fort Deposit. The arm) tliat
assembled hen- numliered tu o thousand regulars and eleven hundred i illemeii.
commanded l>\ ( Jen. Scott. Scouts m>\\ ranged tliruimh the forest . one of
\\ I loin. W i Ilia m Wells, u as captured, and u ho h.nl l>een raised |.\ tlit- Indians
ami deserted tin-in, joining hi> oun people. Hi- \\'as iln- adopted son of
Little Turtle.
On the l.'lth da) of August, (it-ii. Wavne issued a v-r> interesting procla-
iiiatimi ti tin- Imlian chiefs. rtMjurstiiiK tln-m tomt-t-t him in ycm-ral roiiiicil.
tor the purpose of airreeinu' upon tetni-^ of peace. IIi-> proposition \\a>
rejecteil in >lll)staiiee. The\ >elll hack to \\a\lie a lllfssaL'e. xa\inir: "If
(ien. \Va\ne \\ill remain \\lien- lie i> for ten ila\>. ami then >eml Miller to
i is, \\c u ill treat \\ itli him; hut if lie advances u e \\ ill L. r i\ e him halt le."
(ien. \\'a\m- had alreads sent his arms on the mari'li and met the messen-
L, r ers on their return, near Fort Mei^s. The) slated that the Indians \\ere
dressril ;md painted for \\ ar.
At ; o'clock of the morniiiLC of tin- 'J'th da\ of August. \\'a\ne adxanccd
from Frt I>epo>it and look position at l'i'esi|iu- Isle. Here the) met and
routed the s;i\au r cs ami ISritish forces from l)eti'oit. The \idor\ \\as
complete, and amongst the dead enemies \\ere man) \\hite-.. aimed with
]5riti>h muskets and hasoiieis. The American^ encamped for three da\s
\\ it hin sj^lit of the I'.rit ish fort . Messages \\ere passed lietueeii ( ien. \\'a\ m-
and the commander of the fort, as to the rm r ht of the ISritish to its occupa-
tion. Major < 'ampliell refused to ^j\ e ii|> the fort . \\ hereupon den. \\'a\m-
card'ull) inspected tlie \\orks. The I'.i'itish had foiii- hundred and lift) men
and ten pieces of artiller). It \\as decided not to attack the fort. den.
Harrison, afterwards 1 'resident of the I ' niled Mates. \\ as aid to den. \\'a\ ne
in t his campaign. N'o\\ den. \\'a\ ne sent out his ca\ air) . \\ hich laid \\ as|e
theuhole \alli') of the Mauiuee for lift) miles. Winter approached, ami
the Indians \\ ere dest it me of homes and pn>\ isjons. | n >e|>temlier another
fort . tort \ -se\ en mill's from Fort IhTiance. \\as erected, and named alter
the dem-ral. I-'ort \\a\ne. I ,ea\ ini_r a irarrison here. ( ( en. \\a\ue returned
to ( i reel i \ ille on t lie _'"t h da) of N o\ ellllier.
The Indians, thus left in utter destitution, uere also anxious for peace.
According!) . in -I ul\ following, a general council \s as called to meet near
< in-emille. represented on the part of t he I mliaiis l>\ the chiefs east of the
Mississip|.i ri\er. Negotiations continued forsj\ \\eeks. < )n the:ul d;i) "I'
A i must the treatx was signed, (ien. \\'a\ ne siLrned in he ha If of t he I ' nited
States. The |ollo\\inu r tiihes uere represented: Wvamlots. I>elauares.
Shau nees. ( )ttau as. Chippeuas. 1'otau atomies. Miamis. 1-iel Rivers. \\'ea>.
Kick ipoos. IMaiikeshas and Ka>kaskia>.
'1'he treat) of dreenville ended fora time the war with the s,i\ a ires east
of the M ississippj. This u as m real it v t he end of the war of the re\ olul ion.
den. \\ a) ne ue\ er iecei\ ei| the honors t hat u ere due him from his count rv
for the uiV.lt services lie had rendered. At the close of the Vear 17''li.
retnriiinu from Detroit to the eastern states, he was taken sick in a lo^
calim at I 're si pie Isle, now Krie. I'eiius) |v ania. u Inch at l hat t i me u as a
small hamlet in the wilderness, .\fier a shoit illness he died, and at his
reouest was l.mied under the lla- of the fort.
}4 HISTORY (>! SKNKCA rOl'NTY.
According to the Treaty of Paris, in 17.s;>. the British military post at
Detroit, and all the other forts within the recorni/ed boundaries of the
I'nited States, were to ha\e been withdrawn "as soon as convenient." Vet
for more than ten years they not only retained these posts, but supplied the
savages with munitions of war. and uryed them to. and helped them on. in
their atrocities against the frontier settlers. .John .Jay was sent over to
KiiLtland. as a special minister, to urye the amicable evacuation of these
forts. Fort Mei.u's was one of them . and with much ditliciilty succeeded in
obtaining a promise that his re(|iiest should lie complied with before the 1st
da\ of .lime. 17!"'>. The posts at Detroit and Maumee were accordingly
delivered over to ( Jen. Wa) ne.
Thereiiiion the whole of the northwestern territory was origan i/.ed into
live counties. Washington county embraced all the territory between the
Musk iii'4uni and the Little Miami, extending from the Ohio river forty miles
north, with Marietta the seat of justice. Ail that portion between the Little
and (ireat Miami, within forty miles of the Ohio river, was called Hamilton
county. Cincinnati the county seal. Kuox county embraced the land bet ween
the (ireat Miami and the Wabash. also bordering on the Ohio river, with
Vinceiines its county seat, and where den. Harrison, while (iovernor of the
territory, built a two-story brick house for a residence, which the writer
saw in August. IS7''>. while stumping Indiana for Tilden. The county of
St. ('lair included the settlements on the Illinois and Kaskaskia rivers, as
well as those on the upper Mississippi, with Kaskaskia for its seat of justice.
Waxne county embraced all the Maumee. Raisin and Detroit rivers, with
Detroit for its comity seat, taking in the whole of Michigan and a part of
Indiana.
This vast region, then embracing but very few and very small settlements
of white people, reaching from Fort Pitt to the Mississippi river, over
howling forests and oceans of prairies, is now teeming with millions of
happy, prosperous and intelligent people. Where once the birch canoe was
the onl\ mode of travel over the still waters of the Ohio and Mississippi,
the stately steamboat, with its comforts and luxuries, is "queen of all she
surveys." while railroads ami telegraph lines cut the country in every direc-
tion, furnishing means to interchange both thought and tratlie.
We \\ ill imt undertake a more extended descripl ion of the various settle-
ments made in Ohio after the t real) of ( reenville. and refer the kind reader
to the more elaborate historx of Ohio, eontininn 1 ourselves more closely
hereafter to e\en!s particular!) tending to affect the subject of our task.
Karl) in the \ear IT'.tii. arrangements were made to establish a colony in
that pail of Ohio knounasthe Western Reserve. A surveying part) was
sent out. which, coast iny a Ion LI' t lie shores of Lake Krie. landed on the 1th
of .In!) at 1 he nioiit li of a little stream called < 'oimeaut . Here the) celebrated
their landing da) and the anni\ ersir\ of the birth-day of the republic at the
same lime. This company consisted of lifty-two persons, onh two of \\hom
\\erc females. Mix. Stile-, and Mr->. (iiiuii. There \\as one child. The next
morning !he\ commenced the building of a lar.Li'e blockhouse, which was to be
Iheir il\\i Iliun' place and -lore IHMIM' at the same lime, and called it "Stow
( asl le. This lit t |e co|i in) -^u Ib-red \ ei \ 111 1 lc 1 1 from exposure, wa lit of food.
tin- ineleinem-\ >!' the folliiu in-; \\inter.aml ili>ea-,e im-Menl^ l" trmiti'-i
lite.
Kilogram-, 1'i-L.Mii t" lI'H-k into tin- K'-->er\ ' in emiMilerahn- nniiil>er^. ami
roiiiiii'-iH-fil -.ell li'iu -lit-, in various pla<-e-, -Miim- !' tln-^e liftrt n m- tuent>
inilo a\\ a> trin th- m-aie>i \\liit- m-i^hlior. The har'Miip- em-mintereil
li\ tlie>e jsolal -il vtllers are easier iiii.itjini-il tli. in i|es.-i ilit-il. Ii i f.|niri (I a
hill ila\\ joiirii") t> tin 1 a in-i_'li)> ! t> ,I>M^; in ->n-kii ->. v an\ other
elm-l'iTi-lieN .
AS ';i\'l\ a-> 17-Vi lln-ie ua-a Fiem-h trailing p"s! mi iln- hanks "I tin-
( 'n\ alu'^.i ri\er. near thf ni"Ht!i t>f \\liifh the ln-anl il'nl rit\ of ('l<-\rlaml
iiu\\ --l.uiil-'. '1'i-n \r,u-> aM'T I!P- laii-liii'4 i't' tin- pii'ii'-iT- al < "iiin-.tnl . a
Mi>ra\ian ini-^h >nar\ . /.i-i-dri -^i-r l>\ nuiin-. uith -i-\ri,;! lii'liaii i-i.n\i-rN.
It- I't 1 >i-l ri'it in a \I->-M-I callnl tin- M;u-kiua\s . aii'l ca--t anrhur al llit- nmntli
of tin- < 'u\ a!n>-_M. 'l'ln-> iln-n a^'-i-irl'-il l!i-- >U'--ani '--n mi!. > in tin- ili-M-rlnl
villas-- "1" lln- o:ta\\.i>. \\in-r.- lhr\ > : i ! 1. ,ui I i-al!'-'l lh (ilan- I'il-^rini '*
lii->l ." In 111' 1 I'.i!! <>t' IT 1 ."., tin- >nr\ i'\i'i'. u li" la in Ifil at I '"inn-ant . aih> and I
!o (lit- nii'iilli ul tin- ( 'ti\ ;ih'_, r a anJ lai'l mil tin- plan \ a ri;\ \\hirh tin \
naiiK-il !.-\ t-laii'l. in 1 T ! (it-n. M.^.--. ( 'lc\ cl;itnl. tin- ;)_' ul .! tin- laial
ri>!iipan\ . Hi- ua> a lav, \ c|- it' ( 'anti-rlnirv . ( 'miin'i-t iciit . a man t' n-'ti- a!i I
wraith.
1 >ni'inir I In- > i-ar IT'.ni. the < 'Dimcctiriit I . iinl ( ' inipanv rn^t nn-tfil t hf I'n ~'
mail mi tin- !!<-' T\ f. It ran t'ruin tin- lVnn->\ l\ ania line in ( 'lt-\ r lain I. I-'nmi
IT'" 1 ' tn l-'Mi tlii-!'- \\a> I'Ut inn- uliiti- t'amil\ in < '!t-\ i-lainl that \ Mai"
('art--!'. !'. i n i LT ra n t -- -~""ii llii.'kfil in ami inaili- i|iiiti- a lit t ! i-"l"ii\ inl^n,.
Tin' Iinlian> ~-""ii i-iiinnn-iici'il i-mnin^ t" < 'l<-\ rlanl to iln lln-ir tra-litm.
Tlu-\ "prut tin- \\ intrr in hunting, ainl in tin 1 ->priim' ilm-ki'il l" ( '!i-\ rlam 1 .
trailfil "IT tln-ir I'ur^. ami n-t nrm-il t" tln-ir linim 1 ^ mi tin 1 ^amln^k\ ami
Mamm-f. ( )tln-r ri'!iipanici "!' i-miLrrant> t'"ll"\scil t'rmn linn- t" timr.
Tin- niii^ranlv I" < >hi" t'r"iu Ni-u l-ji^laml ami tin- iniilillr Matr.s n-nall\
tra\i-li-il in uairmi^ until tln-\ >lrm-k tin- < )lii". al \\' In-i-lin^. Tln-\ lln-n
I uuk In >als ami lli >al nl diiun the river M-\ era I 1 in in I in I miir>. Im-ai inu r here
ami 1 1 |i' I e. U In-I e\ el' tViemK ha'l a>l\ i^nl them t" u r ". "1 I lllele^I lei I. In I lie
\ear IT'"'., l In- \sh"!e uhile ptipnlat ion "I the norlhu extern tiiril"i\ \\a^
-nmateil a! ."i. i u HI -,niih. 'riie\ \\ere u'ei tera 1 1 > >cattereil a!miL r the l>ank-< "!
the M n>l\ in.; i mi. *i-ii >|i i ami M iami . ami I heir aillnenl-^. :> \\ it hin lit t \ niih-^
"I ihe l Mil" ri\ er.
( 'i iM-iii i ial i then emit.iineil mn- Immlrei! l"'jf eahin-^. ahmil mie iln/.-n i raim-
hmi-^i -. ami ^i\ hnmlre'l i nhal >l\ anl >.
( 'n!. Ma^^ie. a \' ir^'in ian . i n 1 7 >'<. h i\ iir_ r > 'i-nre I l.iru'e 1" "1 : '^ "l e\< ellent
laml \v e-'t "I tin- ">!"!. npi'ii lln- I n aiii'ln--- "I I'aint ei'eek. ereeteil a --talimi
m-ai th- nimiih \ ;!: ereek. ami --""ii at'Ii-r ianl "ill a ;"\sn three mi!i-x
al" >\ i-. 'I'll i-> I i\\ n lh" I ml ia n^ e.illei | ( 'h illii-nt In 1 . \\ h irli mi-an> l"\\ n. The
!"\\n iii'-i'ea^eil \rr\ |-.i|ii'l!\ in pi'"p"i't imi--. I'miu'iM n! - \\i-n- inn^'antl)
ai 1 1\ iir_ r . 1 1 u a tin- iii ^t 1 . >\\ n \\ e^t n\ lln- mmin! 1 1 1 1 -> \\ h ieh \". a> 1 'in It in
p.-aee an-l i|iiiel M ie. uml --I m '. "-'I 1 1\ I ml ian al rm-il ie>. t >; hi-i i-mi^rani
a-% -eli-le.l tin- M M -'u : ! ' J. '< I 1 1 1 I " /. i I n-^\ 1 ! le .
The >eltlemenl- "Ii the I>i'!r''il ami Maiilin-i- l'i\ er> \\eli- aiiln Veil I" tin-
'-"mils "I \\.i\ii''. l>i-ii'"i! \'>a-> tin- scat "l jn--tiee. T\\n inM re-_riment^
tMrri-mieil ilii-,.- |,.:-t- MI IT 1 -. I'r,.- .--.::n;; , .-mp: , -! I !ii uh-'le in'ii'
western territory. Forty miles abo\e Chillicothe there \\eiv three or four
cabins near the riii'hl bank of t lie Scioto. at Franklinton. now incorporated
\\itliin the city ol' Coliiiiilnis. A few vagabond whites, who had -riven up
CJN ili/.al ion for barbarism, were scattered amongst tin- Indians, and as the
.sett leiuents of tin- pioneers were extended alonu r the trails of the Indians,
the savages, both white and red. retreated furtlier into the interior. New
rounties bewail to lie or^aiii/.ed in proportion as ne\v settlements sprang up
in e\ ery direct ion.
For eiirht years Cincinnati had lieen the centre of military preparations.
and the sounds of the hii.u'le. the life and druni re\ erberated through her
strcet> and alonu' the hills that fringed the beautiful stream.
No\\ all uas peace and order, and the hum of busy life took the place of
\\ar and preparations for u ai . Cincinnati started on her ureat mission of
commercial greatness.
The strongest tide of emigration Mowed into the valley of the Scioto. so
famous for it-, fert ility. its level plains and rich bottom lands. The ( to\ ernor
oi'^ani/cd a new count y . called Koss. of which Chillicothe was the seat of
justice. Then- \\ ere t hen luit three cabins between this town and the I lock -
hockiim ri\er. The counti'v about Lancaster belonged to the \\"yandots.
\\ In i c ihe\ had a loun of bai'k huts, emit a in in.^ a po)i illation of about li\ e
hundred. \\ lio u'raduallv \\ ithdre\\ to their brethren at I'pper Sandusky.
This \ear 17. is . as >!IONN n b\ the census taken at thi-~ time, the population
of the lerritot'N amounted to UN c thousand free \\hite males. The people
\N en- therefore ent it led. b\ the ordinance of ITsT. to NN hat NN as called a second
Li'rade of territorial ;jo\ eminent . ( ION . St. Clair accord inyly issued a jiroela-
mat i )! oi'deriim" an election to lie held in the several counties on the third
MoiidaN of December, following, to elect twenlN representat i\ es to ser\ e
a> a LONN er I IOIIM- o|' l he Territorial I,e^i>lat lire.
The men elected N\ e re i^en t leineii of the lii'st order of intelligence and
pal rioi i-^m. and NNere unsurpas>ed li\ aiiN legislative bod\ that has met in
< >hio al aiiN iime hitherto. The) met at Cincinnati on the tirst Monday in
|-'ebruar> . ITM'.i. l-jl NN ard Tit! in was one of them. lie NNas after Nvards elected
< .o\ ernor. as we sliall presently see. This Territorial I.e^islat lire nominated
t'-n men to the President of the 1'nited States to ser\e as a Legislative
< oimcil.
The lirst regular session of the Legislature was to he held at Cincinnati
nil the ]r,tli. but did no! or^rani/.e until the jotli of September, and continued
for nearly three months. It is said that the address of the (icivernor \vas
remarkable for its polished diction. ('apt. William II. Harrison, subse-
quently President of the I nited States, was elected lirst delegate to < 'on stress.
Congress, in order to pre\ent lar.Lfe bodies of land from fallinir into the
hand-- of ^peculators N\ho uoiild check emigration by ^really advaiieinii
Ihe price. deN is'-d a mode of survey and sale, by which the public lands
.-1 Id be laid off into snudl I racis and held open for sale to any indi\ idiial.
In 1 -oo 'i'i MinlHill county NNas orirani/ed in the Western Iicserve. and an
imnietis.- populalion lloNNed in from IVmisy !\ ania. In IMI] the state o|
< 'Hi'iect ieiit relinquished her claim of jurisdiction of the \\estern HeseiNe.
. 'id r"eeJNed a tille ill fee Dimple of the soil I'loni the 1'liiled Mates.
'ii tin- se-sjon n| IMMI. Congress diNided Ihe iiort!i\Ne>1ern territorv into
IN 1 K' !! i I 1 1 >N. .:. 7
tun parts. 'I'll* 1 eastern pi>rtin:i. \\hirli contained MMH o sipiaiv miles,
embraced tin- regions nt ohm aii-l Michigan. This was still called the
north w estern territnrv . Tin- li.ilancr. called tin- I IP Han t-Trit"r> . c mn prised
all I la- cull nl rv from tin- ( ival Miami l t lie Mississippi . ami fmm I lie < Mii
river mi the snl it ll tn I ,a kc ->l 1 1 > n< >r. alii 1 the s, t\ \ rces of t he M i ssjssj ).) ii nil
the north. rntainiii'_: IMHMMI square miles. im\\ embraced in the states of
I llinois. 1 mliana and Wisconsin.
Ill consequence of his a U I'll! det'eal . ( in\ . St . < 'lail lierallie V erv Unpopular.
as show n li> the lii's t eleetinn ni' < tov enmr. 'I'he censn-~ nt' IMMI slm\\ed a
|fn|Uilatiii!i iv\er \\liicli he |>re>ided nt ll'.IHHi. a Illlllllier lai'LTe enniiu'll In
entit le the ter!'itnr\ in admi^ii m ititn the I 'nimi as a state. Pet itiniis \VIT'
lre->eiited tn cnn^n^s t'nr that pnr|m^e.
( )n the :;nth da> nl' A pril. IMIJ. an act \va^ jas>ed li\ ( 'oiiLrrrss. auth<ni/inu r
the call nf a cnii\ 'ii(inn tn I'nrm a >tate cnn>tit lit inn t'nr a state in IK- called
the State nf ( Hiin.
'I'he cnlixelitinn a^^emliled at Chillicnthe nil the 1st da\ nt' N o\ einlier. and
nn the L.t>th nf the same nmnth a constitution \\a-~ ratilied and signed li\ the
ineiiihei's. It became the t'uiidamental law ol' the state \\ itlmut hein^let't
i>a\oteli\ the people, and remained Mich t'nr nearl\ !it't> \eai> thereafter.
'The cniist itut ion created three departments of LTO\ eminent e\eciiti\e.
let, r i>lat i\ e and judicial. The le^islatin'e was composed of a senate and
house of representatives. The jndiciar> department was \ested in the
supreme court . circuit courts, and justices of the peace. The judges \\ ere
elected li\ Joint 1. allot nf both houses of the legislature, for a period of
se\en \ear>. The justices of the peace \\ere Heeled b\ the people nf each
lo\\n>hip I'nr three \ears.as nn\\. St. ( 'lair, as a candidate for (io\ernor.
received but feu voles. |-'.d \\ard Titlinuas almost the unanimous choice.
The boundaries nf the Mate \\ere lived as the\ nn\\ are.
I5\ act of con^res^ the sixteenth s'M-jiuii in each township \\as set apart
for t he use of schools. The salt springs \\ ere reser\ ed to the state, and three
per cent, of the prnceeds of the sale of the public lands \\as to be Used fill'
i he construct inn nf roads.
The lifst legislature nr^aili/ed seven lie\\ enmities. There \\ere linvv
lifteen. The whnle imrt h \\ es| crii part. beinu r more than one-half of the
state. \\as in the possession of Indians.
The I'u st emir! in ( reene count > \\ as held in a IOLT cabin. (Jen. i >en jam in
\Vliitluan \\ as the presidi i iir j in I ire. 1 1 e had a friend b\ t he name ot I >,t\ is
\\ ho had a mill near \<\ . While the court \\ as in session . 1 >a\ is and aimt hPr
man. \\ Imm I >a\ is had accused nf stealing his hn^ had a liuht . and 1 >a\ is
uhipped him. \\ ith his hair and clothes badlv disheveled and bruises on
his face, he came into court, and approaching the table where the iud:, r e sat.
addressed his neighbor t Inis : |',eii.. I ha\ e whipped that cussed hov; t hief.
\\'hat's the damage y What's to pav '.' 'I'here's m\ purse. Take u hat's
riirht ." He put down his purse and shaking his clenched I'M at the judu'e.
con I in ned : "Den., if v on'd steal mv lm^ I'll be handed if I v\ mi Id n't whip
von ton." l-;i^ht dollars paid line and costs.
There is also a '_ r ood storv i,,],| that occurred some time aft-TVN ards while
or SKNKCA ou'NTY
Jiid^'e 'i'a}>i>aii uas mi the bench in some county in the Miami valley. The
ronrt was lield in a lo- rahin and a stable close by \vas used as a jail. A
trial had just been closed and the jnd^e was char^in^ the jury. The
defendant in the case was a man who had an enemy in the crowd. This
man spoke out occasional!) and approvingly o!' what the jud^e said,
lie was an old friend of Judsje Tappan and felt perfectly at liberty in
speaking to the jud^e at any time, as he pleased. -Indue Tappan was
near-sighted, and when this man in the crowd would repeat his interruptions
by saying. "That's ri.^ht ! Ljive it to him jud.ye." "(iive it to him old gimlet
eye." etc.. the jud^e stopped ill his charge to the jury, and asked : "Who is
that man making this disturbance?" The man spoke up and said: "It's
this old horse, jnd^e!" Jud^e Tappan then spoke up (jiiickly and saidr
SherilT ! take thai old horse to the stable and feed him on bread and water
twenty-four hours!" The order was promptly executed and the court
proceeded.
There was neither a pleasure carriage nor a bridge in the state at this
time. Men wore homespun and buckskin clothes. Women wore linsey
woolsey; and Max. hemp and wool were all the materials from which
clothing was constructed for Sunday wear, spun by the family and woven
by the family oral the loom of some neighbor. Settlers were compelled to
keep doLjs for the protection of their calves, sheep, ho.t^s and poultry.
As a general rule the rille was used to keep the family in meat from the
^ame in the forest.
Ohio was now a state and a member of the Federal I "nion. starting on her
proud career.
The first le^islat lire met at Chillicothe on the lirst day of March. IM). 1 ;.
The territorial laws were, so far as was thought practicable, embraced in
the new state laws. .Indies were elected, courts or^ani/ed. the practice
rcLTiilaleil and provisions made for the election of justices of the peace. A
secretary, an auditor and a treasurer of state were appointed and their
duties prescribed. Law- were passed for leasing school lands and salt
reservations. Senators were elected to Congress and laws passed for the
election of members to ihe House of Representatives.
While this legislature was in session the treaty for the purchase of
Louisiana was concluded w iih France under President Jefferson.
The second* icnera I Assembly met in Chillicothe in December. I so;:. At this
session l;iw> were passed enabling aliens to hold title to lands: to make
appropriations of the three per cent, fund for roads, to improve the revenue
system, to regulate the duties of justices and constables, to regulate the
common law and chancery practice of tlir state. In |so;i-pi the laws were
re\ised. (ten. Lew is Cass was the iirsl person admitted to practice law in
the !n 'I'l ll W est ei || teri'ili <V\ .
Aboul this lime ihe Indians, who had beha\ed well from the time of the
treaty of dreenxille. beuan to resist the tide of emigration setting in
westward. The celebrated Tecuniseh. aided and encouraged by llritish
inlluence and supported by his brut her. "The Piophet ." soon made it e\ ident
thai the we>t was a^ain about to experience a repetition of savage warfare.
In Isll i, en. Harrison, dovernor of the Indian Territory, residing at
Vincennes. marcheil against the town of "The Prophet." upon the Wabash.
IN 1 K"I>1 > I l >N. ;.;
ami arrived at Tippecatioe on the >'-tli of No\eml>ei . This was their principal
town. Il re In- w as an I l.\ Indian messenger- with whom an agreement
was niailt- tliat hostilities should not take place lie fore tin- m-M iimrniii'_' ami
that then an .iinicaMe conference -hould In- ht-lil. .In-l heloie da\-hieak.
how e\ IT. the sa\ au r '-v in \ iolat i"ii of theii eii-_ML, r ement . made a sudden and
fnrioiis attack n|nin the troop- in their encampment. Nothing hut the
precaution of sleeping in order of battle, on their arin>. sa\ed the troop-,
tlon I a total del eat. N ilieleeli-t U elit ieths ot" < .en. I lai'l 'i-on's men had lie\e|
been iii an\ l>atlle. l>nt t!n-\ l'elia\ed in excellent manner, like \eieran>.
(ien. Harrison had onl\ al'oiit -e\en Inindied men. Tin- lndian> \\eie
nearl\ a tlioii^and >t!onif. The . \inei icans lost thirtv -se\ en killed and one
hundred ;.nd lil'lv \\oiindtd. The Indian^ lo>t t'ort> killed. The nnml>er o|
wounded \sa> unknown. The little town o) The I'ropliet \\a-~ laid in aslie.-.
The Indians were lei't \ei\ much enraged against (he j^o\ernnient. llarii^on
I'et limed to \' incelilies.
Aii incident nmM l>e recorded lieie that occurred in that \ ear w hieli. in iN
l>eariiiL r on the 1'ntniv ot' America. wa> worth nion- than a thousand Uttlle-..
"A sti iiml'oat started t'lom rittslnii-i:h dow n the ( )hio |,'i\ er lioiind for New
( >rlean>."
The Indian name of Teciim.-eh means "( 'nuiehin^ 1'anther." The name
of "The I'ropliet " wa> ( Mliuachica." The\ were twin l>rotheix of the
Siiawnee> tiilie. "The 1'iopliet" wa> an orator of u r real I'eiiow n and a
reliuioii-- teacher. Teeiim-i h. from his al>ilitie> as a warrioi' and >tate>man.
would ha\e attained t mint lice in an> nation <>\ the u r lol.e. The\ were l.orn
near ( 'hillici >t he/
The I'oiilt of the 1 attle of Tippecanoe. no donlit. ilro\e thousands of tin-
Indians into the M- i \ ice of the IJiMl i>h in the late w ar w it h the 1 niled Males,
t he elements for which w ere then a 1 read \ Bailie rim,' proport ion-,.
In 1-^lL' the second war with I. real Uritain commenced. A council of
1 1 nl ia n- and 1 !ri! i-li met at Maiden in ( 'an ad a. A W \ a i idol ( 'hiet . \\"all\-in-
Ihe- \\'aiei . a '^i eat w ai rior and orator, w a^ present . Hound I lead, a not her
\\' \andot Chief ti oiu Canada, and two other \V\andot Chiefs, together w it h
Ti cnm-eh and hi- \<\ \ her. ]iled'^i d ! heir -npport to the I !i it i-h.
I '.lack Id "t. a not hi r \\ \ andot Chie! . was 1 1 iendh to the A nun can-. 1 !
i- >|ioken ot a- a nohle. ^eneroii^ man. and a un at orator. >o \\a- al-o
I'.ct w i i n-tln -lo->. another \\ \andot ( hut wl.iin the antl;or once -aw at
T\ Iliochtee.
K. 1 111 n .1 . Mei'_'> w as .o\ ei iior ol nhio. \\ ' illi.'.m 1 1 nil w a- I io\ ei nor "I
t In Tei riti it \ oi Michigan. 1 1 nil w a- ordered to ra i-e l roop-, a nd lake cliaru'e
ot t he po-t a: 1 id i "it . Ohio raised I In ee n ui men! - ot \ ohmiei r> lor t In. c
1 1 1" nl h-. '1 In \ i cnde/\ oii-cil at 1 >a\ ton and . \\ hen ;< >\ in d l-\ a ! c^iincn ' o|
i e_'iilai -. n n ml 'i 1 1 d _\ i o men. The\ i cached t In- Ma i; nn-e ai I '< i i s -1 >n r- h
on the .''nt h ot .1 nne. h"i da\ s after lea\ inu I >a\ ton . w. it h II.M \\ au"ii-. The
i oad had to 1 '! cut l< >\ in-.ii \\ t he w IP >le d i-ta IMC. I _n m j |i ^. t hi ou^l, -\\ amp-
and den-- lores!-. The\ , io-M'd the Maunicc in hoats and reached I>ctn>it
on the .'ith of .1 nl\ . The I !rit i-h erected a loi t on t he oppo-itc -ide of tln-
ri\ei. and on tin- l.'.th "t An^n-t. (ten. I'.io.k. tin- I'-riti-h i "iiimandci.
40 HIsloKY (>K SIMTA (Dl'NIA.
summoned Hull 1" surrender. This hein.u 1 refused, they commenced to
lioinliiinl and stnnu the fort. The Mritisli force consisted of seven hundred
regulars and six hundred savau'es.
The Americans, except their commander, \\ere anxious and ready for
battle. Their numbers exceeded that of the enem\ b\ two to one. When
e\ er\ soldier in the foil was waiting f>r the order to lire. they were ordered
to la\ down their arms, which they reluctanth obeyed and a white llaj; was
raised on the fort .
"\Vitlioiit shedding a drop of blood." says At water, without tiring a single
LTUII. the fort witli all its cannons, taken with M unjoin at Saratoga from tlie
Mrilish. with a vast amount of powder, lead, cannon balls and all munitions
of war. all. all were unconditionally surrendered to the enemy. Let us see:
J.">(Ki men with all their arms; il."> pieces of iron cannon, and s brass ones;
4(1 barrels of powder all were surrendered to about 1, (MM) militia and a few
Indians, ('ass and McArthur were amongst the prisoners.
The whole of Michigan fell into the hands of the Mritish.
Two years thereafter (Jen. Hull was tried before a court martial and
sentenced to be shot for cowardice, but President .Madison remitted the
sentence.
After the disaster of (Jen. Winchester. ( Jen. Harrison withdrew his forces
I rom the Maumee to the Sandusky. Farly in February lie returned to the
Maumee. however, and established his extreme advance post at the left
bank and built Fort Mei^s.
I Ie had a force of I'.IKHI men. In early spring I'roctor moved upon this
fort with .'i.joii men. 1. son of whom were Indians under Tecnmseh. I'roctor
was certain of success and promised Tecumseh to deliver (Jen. Harrison
over to him as a captive. After four days' tiring from his batteries. I'roctor
demanded the surrender of the fort. This was refused. Harrison having
anticipated the attack had -cut messengers to the (Jovernors of Ohio and
Kentucky for aid. The call was promptly responded to. and troops were
sent forward immediately. M\ this time the Indians had completely
invested the fort. Twelve hundred Kentiickians were nou Hearing the fort
and received orders from (Jen. Harrison to land on the opposite side of the
river, and spike the uiins of the Mritisli battery. (Jen. Clay landed his
Kent uckians as ordered. Col. Diidlex led the attack on the batteries and
drove the Mritisli from the'u'iins and spiked them. Hail den. Harrison's
orders been prompt 1) obe\ed and had the KentllckiailS returned to the fort
as the\ were ordered, all would ha\e been \\ell; but the troops were so
determined to finish the \\ork. that instead of returninjj. tlie\ disobeyed and
followed a band of lndian> who led them into an ambush. (Jen. Harrison
and his ollicers shouted to them from the fort, to return, but they persisted
in their piisii it when, on a sudden, twice t heir number of I ndians rose up and
cut off their retreat. The\ opened a severe lire upon the troops and those
I ha! were not slaughtered were taken capt i ves. and made to run the trail nt let .
As soon as Tecumseh heard of this butcher), he ran up and slopped the
carnage.
In the niurht following, the savages were cooking their meal in a larire
kettle over the lire, close b\ their camp. The\ had strings tied to each
ration. ( )n >ome of t hcse st I'inys \\ as the ilesli of A me ri cans 1 he\ had slain.
From ilu- i'iiiiiiii.iii<l nii'li-i < !.,:
Iminlri-.l ami hi I N r..-.ipf.| . \
Tlif IO-^N ,.! 111.' -j.i! I | .,.,11 ,|||! !!U
I larri-M'H tvpaii .-! i> ; h.- -iiiilirii-in \-.\
lf.t\ iiiir ( .rii. i , I'l-fii i !;i\ : i . iiii!i,.n,.|
st'iHlt> ri'|n'l In! ! li.il |'liir1..| \\.i-.ij.i;!,
"i.lMHI 1 1 II 'I I. ilirlllililiLT lliill;ili> ll!ii!.'l I!|. .
alollf IIUIIlli.'l 'I'.! I.INMI. 'I'lirl r U. !< :
fort and tin- ^iluai imi l.mki-.l In >\< .-'--
ncai 1 In- )'. >!'! to .Ir.iu ilii- u', HI ',-"!, mi;
opinion tint tlic liu r li' ua^ i'.-lu.-.-n ;!i.
southern ( )hio. Il \\.i^ .iliiio->i inijio^-
lYoin niakiiiL: .in all, irk npoi. ;!., |n.l:
unit in\ . ami i! i ri|im <-<\ all tin- i-o! n--.
of to Uff]. nr.liT.
1'rortoi a^ain rai^.-il tin- -M-I j.- an>l \s it
A \i'_ r oroii^ attack upon \\<,- IOM atpl in
tiic >ii!Trihlci 11! it \\oiilil l'\ al! liiiniaii
a |V\\ liour^. Tlif iLTiioranci- ,.i I';.H j..:
tin- !i|is-> .,!' ( .fii. < 'las .
Tlif flo^in_ r -.ct'iif^ ot til.- l.iic \\.it in
of Fort >tt-\ fii^on and I "f n \ > \ ici.-i \
t lif Saini n^k \ ii\fi .in.l IK, U ;|ic in.'!;!
pri >pf r I'oinnif ncf mi' ni . ,| i In- lii-^t. >i \
t inif c|.,->f 1 he I nt roiluct ion. \\ Inch ::a\
>l|o|1 |)i>t.,|-\ , .1 ; l.i- !;. ,]! li-U f-!cl !, lei! I
h'il
MAT ILK OK l-Oki MKVK.\M>N HAKkiMiN \M
DhKL.AI OF IHK MKIllMi \A 1 1' I .S u SI X K
KKIK HA 1 I LK 01 1 UK I HAMK-, DKA1!
W'"" <L
Y V u - l> "Hi e a -in.
I he h ;_;h bank-- <>\ '. he r:\i-
ol tin- Sand'[->k\ :\ ei I
1 1 1 \\ 1 1 -N ! i \ i a 1 i ; 1 i _ 1 1 1 H- t i :
S a n 1 1 1 1 > k \ ' a 1 1 1 i t ! : : -
< al'u-i 1 ;'. San i ;; i-k \ < : ' \ . .'.
A I ih.i^ I i >v, <T >ai i iii-k \
* i "iu:ral 1 1 a rn--i MI t. :. i . :
i; i iiit 1 1 IK- a i re <>\ ' i in i. .
.I'-.umil tin ;,,r: ha.i ..: : .\
- ilinu !.. : : , .
44 HISTORY 1)1 SKNKCA COI'NTY.
and report to Fort Seneca. Hut the messengers got lost in the woods,
and did not reach Fort. Stevenson until i i o'clock next day.
Major Croghan. being of opinion that he could not retreat. sent
back the following answer:
"SiR I have just received yours of yesterday. 10 o'clock p. in.,
ordering me to destroy this place and make good my retreat. It came
too late to he carried into execution. \Ve have determined to maintain
this place, and. by Heavens, we can!"
Cien. Harrison immediately sent Colonels \Vells and Hall, supported
by a corps of dragoons, with a very severe reprimand to Major ( 'roghan.
and relieving him ot duty, putting Col. \Yells in command. Major
Croghan returned to Fort Seneca with the dragoons as a prisoner.
den. Harrison was fully satisfied with the major's explanation and
immediately restored him to his command, with instructions. Soon
the scouts reported the advance of the Hritish. while the Indians began
to show themselves on the opposite side of the river. The Hritish
gunboats came in sight and landed troops one mile below the fort.
The Indians, four thousand strong, displayed themselves in all direction-.
The Hritish placed in position a live and a halt inch howit/er to open
fire upon the fort. (ien. Proctor sent Major Chambers with a (lag to
summon a surrender. Major Croghan dispatched ensign Shipp out of
the gates to meet him. After the usual ceremonies. Major Chambers
said :
To this, ensign Shipp replied that the commander would defend the
fort to the last extremity, etc.. and that if the fort should be taken
there would be none left to massacre.
The eneim then opened lire with their six-pounders from the boat-,
and the howit/er on shore, which was continued through the night
with very little effect. Maj. ('roghan reserved his fire. He. however.
orrasionallv tired his gun from different points to make it appear a- it
he hail several pieces at his command.
The tort was surrounded b\ a dry ditch, nine feet wide and six feet
deep. < )u the middle of the north line of the fort there was a bloi k
hou-e from which this ditch could be raked in either direction, bv
artillerv. Here the piece was placed, loaded with slugs and _;rape
shot. Now. the artillery of the Hritish was placed on the shore about
two hundred and fittv vards from the fort.
th--\ ( niilil IK- ilix u\ <; oi
limn tin- fi>rt. !>iii ili. I'.nS
(111. h. U-.[ 1>\ ( 'ul. Shuit.
1'hc m.i>ki-il |n n! hul<- u .t
>]i;t ikii'Lii'i- .mil -lu^-. t!ii'uii_li
ut Ill'ilV thai, till rr h'lM'h c' 1
.trna^r \s .!> :'-:n!ilr. I .it \
rrlix-.i! rn--iirii. I \\ > itln-i .
C'..l. Slii.rl li.i.l iu^t ui.Krr.
|.ii ki-t> and ui\ i- il:r . \nic-i .1
in< irt.il!\ u i I'llli In i. llr hu;
h;-. ->u onl .mi i ln---i'il tut ti
< inK-i-ril tu ! u- ik'iin-il !u i:: -
hull!. I'lir lu,, u! t!;r
'I hr ^.trr:-' m rcpi irtni - 'in- !>.,
In tin- -i....!.. ,.! tl.,'
|r.l\ ill_. , M t iir; !' i. 1^' r. ulir ' ..
( )n tlic next iiiuj-Mi.ry
|ili kn ! :; j i .tfu ;p.i : ' !ii
>u i. ir. _;rii' : ,L ;::- : \ 1
1 1 1- 1 i i i . 1 1 1 : 1 1 1 i i 1 1 . i : \ . 1 1 1
\\'t 1! t'r'.ttr ,i;; ; ;.i :!:' ' !.
Ill-- |<r\ ,T, in! l.il.i , \I.
Sciu-i .t In.li.iii- iiii.l.-r l'r
tuMlH 1 rUru li.'l'i- ill tin 1 I '
1 u r i 1 H i .mi!' : 1 1 1 : 1 1 1 . 1 1 ' \ 1 1
\ 1 11 1 1 1 ! _: - ' 1 1 1 1 > i \\ . i -> i t n . 1 1 1
w , i ^ ; i \ i - r \ ; 1 1 1 1 1 1 ; _; ( n ! .i:\*\
rrlial.lr. Mr ..:tru n-l.iii-.!
< i iin nn in- tin- j'U 1 In- \
Sti'\ i-li-uli. I .1!:: :in!r;.'i-
i hilil 1.1 Mi \I,.i '.
46
^ignal. When the Indian arrived near the tort, and to make himself
agreeable to the British and tlie Indians, lie cursed the Americans in
the most approved style.
\\'hen he saw that the coas' was clear and that he was himself
unobserved, he approached the tort, peeped through the pickets,
wrapped the paper, with his handkerchief, into a ball and threw it over
the pickets into the yard. Lounging around under the bushes a little
while, he observed his handkerchief, in the same form, ily over the
pickets again, tailing outside. It contained an answer from Major
Croghan to (ieii. Harrison. \\'ith this Wipingstick made his \va\
through the forest to Fort Seneca, and reported to (leu. Harrison tin-
same niulit. This was the evening before the battle, which was fought
on the jd day of August. iSi^.
Wipingstick was a Seneca chief, then about thirty years old. and h.ul
a wife and one child. lie was a man possessed of main noble traits i >\
character, truthnil. hospitable, triendly and honorable. lie was live
feet tour inches high, scpiarelv and compactly built, very muscular and
active. He had a pleasant, open face, pleasing voice and was very
l.dkative. At the war-dances he was the leader, and carried a war-club
about eighteen inches long, with a ball at the end of the handle and a
swell at the other end. This club was cut full of hieroglyphics and
was painted red. He danced with the club in his hands. swinging it.
selling and whooping, which he kept up for a long time, and until tin
sweat would drop trom his tace.
He attended Mr. Montgomery's funeral, and seemed very much
affected by the loss of his old friend. The families of Montgomery
and \Vipingstick were very intimate.
< >n the next day. alter the battle of l-'ort Stevenson, (icii. Harrison
came down, but the Indians had lied across the > ouiitry in the direction
of I-'ort Mei^'s. and the Mritish down the river.
\<>w both parties made vigorous preparations for a naval battle,
to dei :de as to who should be master of the lake and its shore-.
hetroit was still in the hands of the British. In a few month- the
government hail nine vessels readv tor service. carrxiiiL: tiltv lour guns,
and manin-d i>\ abou! -i\ hundrei! sailors and marines. The licet
anchored iu-t off the mouth of Sanduskv ba\'. and s.-i iled fr< un I In -re lo
I \KK (Ml
thirty mile-, tVoin \l.ild.-ii, w
( 'oiimioi!. ire l'..iri !a\ had -i
by abotit ei-ht lrmdr<-d :I,<M.
< Mi I he Mi'irnin^ oi t' 1 ..
1'iritMi llee! u ,t> d:>. o\ .-
(lore I \-i r\ ; ninin ! .i'.<-'. \ _
bra i'i n ^ 1 1 1 1\\ ii u; " 'ii : in :.
- 1 i ' n ' i ^ i \ i 1 1 j tin- - h , ; , \s
I'"i >r :\v < i hour-. ;!.
>ili-ii: i- ili.it .iU\ .i\ - i h.ir.i- '
thin_ mi the \'
bll-tle. I'hr t.lr;
the el in n \ . \\ ,t ' !._ '
ii-n.ini e MI [!n-:r \ ..;;!_,,,;.
\; illUeii ni;i!U!i - .if.
the .lil\ an< e -<lli|' i >| ; i 'lel
.1111 ! .i 1 reineii 1 ;M'I-> lire u .1 -
the I .a\\ rein e. u hii h ^he v.
' MI ,u ( i unit M: the >h> ir;ia -
ail the c ither \ e-~-ei- < .; ;:.
\vith t he i ietenn i r,a' . <'.: ' < i<
not i oine t' i her a;i i '<*'.' \s
ve^el with,! ..... i 'h> terr/l.'.
i i )iil< 1 be u>e< I ; n her ' I'-'.-. :.->
(ib>t.-rvc(l anion.; 1'niv'- me
Man-led li.i.li.-s wer
or lour. 1 1 . i < \ been e : ; !
-.ervu e. \v.i> woi ke.'J ' <\ ' '. '
1 i U . i -- 1 1 c l \\ _' ' i " <
bron-hl hi- \ e-
Commodore Barclay, who had lost an arm at Trafalgar, now lost the
other also, and received a severe wound in the hip beside. The loss
on the American ships in all, killed and wounded, was one hundred and
twenty-tour. The loss of the British was over two hundred, killed
and wi.unded. and six hundred were taken prisoners. I-'. very British
vessel was taken. Commodore Perry sent word to (leu, Harrison, at
Fort Meigs. saying: "We have met the enemy and they are ours. 1 '
The next day the funeral obsequies of the fallen officers, on both sides,
took place near the margin of the bay, in an appropriate manner. The
rrews from both fleets united in the ceremony. What a lesson! Ye>-
terday both parties were engaged in deadly strife: to-day they join
their sympathies, associate as brothers to pay the last tribute of respect
to their fallen companions.
On the j<)th of September den. Harrison took possession of Detroit,
there being no force there to resist him. and again the whole peninsula
was thus restored to the I'nited Suites.
(len. Proctor, with his army and disheartened Indians, was on a rapid
retreat into the heart of Canada. The river Thames, which empties
into lake St. ('lair, then ran through a wild, unbroken forest. Proctor
was pressing his retreat along its valley.
(len. Harrison left Detroit on the 2d day of October, to pursue the
toe. with a force of over 3.000 men. The mounted intantr\ were com
manded bv Col. Johnson, of Kentucky. Proctor was overtaken on the
sth. at a point where the Thames protected one flank of his army, and
a great marsh the other. The Indians were stationed in the tores'
bevond the swamp. This spot was about eighty miles northeast of
the mouth of the river. Prortor had under his command one thousand
British regulars and eighteen hundred Indians, under the command ot
Tecumseh.
Tlie British were routed and ran away. Ceil. Harrison then turned
upon the Indians, routing and killing them. Proctor's loss was sixty
nine, killed and wounded, and six hundred prisoners. The Indian-
left one hundred and fifty dead upon the battle-field. Tecumseh
amongst them.
This Col. lohiison here mentioned was Col. Richard M. Johnson, ot
Kentucky, who afterwards, in i.S^6. was elected Vice- President of the
Cnited States. The reader, who remembers the wonderful presidential
campaign of iX.jo. will also remember how hard the Democrats tried
to pro\c that ('oh lohiison himself killed Te< Mmse-li. and how equaiU
hard ill'- Whi-s tried to prove that it was not true. The question is
still .n 1 Miscttled one. Mr. Abbott, in his histor\ of < )hio. proves the
WM" Ml I t> I I i ( MM M '
utter laUitv ot tin- .1
KiKi|i]>, in hi> h;>ti'
the fa< ! thai IK- \".<
rt:n thai Inlu^Mi
\ tin \l aMiiM-i- \
Mi
CHAFER 11.
FOURTH OF JULY CELEBRATION ON PUT-IN-BAY ORGANIZATION OF A MON-
UMENTAL ASSOCIATION CELEBRATION OF PERRY'S VICTORY LAYING
OF THE CORNER-STONE SPEECH OF ELUTHERUS COOK SPEECH OF
DR. PARSONS AND THE OTHER THREE SURVIVORS OF PERRY S FLEET.
RKCl RRI.M. again to tin- incidents of the battle of lake F.rie.
the author hopes that a description ot subsequent events, inaug-
urated to erect a suitable monument to the memory ot Commodore
1'erry and his braves, on I'ut-in-Hav. may not be considered out of
place here. Fearing that the occurrences I am about to describe may
become lost to history, and conscious ot the tact that the reader will
find, in the addresses ot" the Hon. Klutherus Cook and Dr. Parsons,
the best description of that eventful scene. I have no apology tor giving
them a place in these' pages, and especially because certain citi/ens
from Seneca county took a very active part in the movement.
An effort was put on foot amongst very many distinguished and
patriotic men. in a number of counties bordering on lake Krie, to erect
a monument on (iibraltar rock, I'ut in Hay. to the memory ot Commo
dore 1'crry.
companies of tin ( >hio \olunteer militia
innivcrsarv ot American Independence bv
nipped and disciplined < ompanies assembled
on the island on the evening ot |ul\ :;. 1X^2:
M.i\ Cit\ ( iu. irds. ('apt. R. R. McMecns. of Sanduskx.
Samlusk\ Y;egers. ( 'apt. I .ouis Tranl). ol Sandiiskv.
^andiisk\ Artillery, ('apt. I.. A. Silva. of Sandusk\.
Washington (iiiard-. ('apt. William I .aim, ot Tiffin.
Tiffin Artillen . < 'apt. 1. I I. IJagle\ . of Tiffin.
* apt. M<Mcen-> was chosen commander tor the occasion. The
ightful. The green and rock\ fringe around the ba\ :
lake: the pr< -.cm e ot a ho-,t ot' happx men. women
g martial appearance and stric \ di->< ipime ot
passing in irranii re\ ieu be I ore (ieii, Kaa< \
\lilU. .mil in- anl. ( 'nl. \. A. ( '.mi|.. .iml thr Imjiii-nt -erirm
li\ till- l\e\ . 1 . l<. |e\\e!t Ml. hie tll.lt I'miltii nt (ills ^'Mlil.iV
l'>a\ a hxture ID the inein.irx .>! .ill uh.i \\eie ther. .
Tin-- ua- the f:r>t nii!i!.ir\ i elelir.it;. >n ever lie'i! mi tin
the e\ en MIL; "I tin- t h; ''.I il.i\ . when the . .mi]> \\ i- .il.i !! t
the tent- IUMI^ -irmk and eser\thm_: ji.uke.l t-. .uet mi
.irtiller\ under ('apt. l'..i_;e\. \\eiv tii'in^ then l.ireuiil .MI
la-l -Nh.it ua> !>ein- tireii. .n;>l ! n-'k-i it k Keller u t- -.< I;!
the I.IM i .irtritlue. it e\pl. "lei! .nut thr.-\\ \h !<' I.I^MM! ilist.nn e
lie tell lie.ir the flue n! th.e \\.ltiT, 1, ; l,.l>l!'.
one e\i .tllil h.l\ MU .1 ' !"ij'j'leil h.iii.! I'M hie. II'-. hn\\e\rr. X 1 "- 1 '! 11 - 1 "^
re. i>\ ei'ed. .mil i->--t!ll .inimi^^t the li\ in-. I h;> s.i<i < < . urn-in e wa->
the mily i in uinstain e that inarre.l the plea- ure-. ! ih i: i-\ i r uieinuralilr
1-iiiirth i>l |ul\ eelfbral :mi .
I>;iniiL; the tM'^1 trip nl the ^le.nner Arr>i\\ !ii>in ^ati.iii^k v t.. tK<
jslainl. a |>rel iimn.irv nieetm.: \va-~ held mi l.n.ir.l tm tin- j.nr|.nNe .,i
i irLi.mi/ IIIL; a monument .1 1 ,I>-M n :at u >n. a in 1 v\ ; t h a \ lew . >\ i ret t m^. .it
-miie -uitable [ilaee mi the islaiui. a iiimninieiit t" the memm'\ n! ( <un
iiiuili >re l'err\ .
The l\e\. Ih. lirmi-iiii \sa-~ i liii-.cn < hainnan. and Mi. lleiir\ I >
( '. H >ke -seeretary. < >:i nn itimi m I'M t ( '. mke .1 i mninittei \ li\ e u a>
appointed ti> drall re-olnt imi> e\pre-i\e nl the -en-i ..! ih.e ineetMi^
MI n-k-reiiee tn the erei't'.mint a mmuiineiit mi <. i i n altar r<n k, I'm
;n |!a\ . i mnnieiin iral i \ e < >: 1 \ -rr\ '- \ ;i i < ir\ i .n lake I .r:e. a'ld : n hmi. >;
- >\ ihi 'i' ad w h. i lell in ! ha! iile
Me- . I. \. I amp. \\ I . \\ M i ' 1 ' i .'"ke and
|<ev. \\ l'' : Mi \\as
\Vhell. "11 M'llni l\ alter!!. i i ;. li.e pr... i edlli--
.ind re i .hit .mi- ' 'I ! . : pre! ; mi :; 1 1 v mee! ; n_; wen a pp . >\ . . 1. and a > . >in
I; lit lee appointed !u di.i a i m:-t.tiltim! I. i 1 ' tin m^.'.lll at ion. l\e\.
lew ell in the i hair. I i. - . ."..mi :! t' , h.i\ :n_ \\ ;t ndrav. n. i el SM n>'d and
repi n ;ed a -Imr! i mi-1; Int imi 1 ' ; .;..,,. led : h. a! am per-, .'i pa\ :n_ mie
!, .ll.ir h. ihe tr.Mvnvr -hmild :hi re!,-. !.,- Mine ., mein;.. r \ lioard m
: 1 1 ,- 1 1 1 a _: i ' - '.\ a - a p p m n : e < 1 . and m e \ . . ; ' \ < < "Mini ! ' . e .
< ,< n I -\\ : - ( .1-- \\ a- . In i,. . |'i < >!.!< ni .
( ,,!. 1 1 V- -,:. 1 r-. i .M-. ; . . a! It, . \\ a-1 n
5 J HIS I OK\ ( U SKN | e \ OK'NTY.
and judge llurnctt. of ( 'in< innati. were appointed vice-presidents. M\
lamented friend l)r. R. R. Me Meens was secretary, and took a ver\
.ti tivv part in tlu- movement. Some funds were collected, and so the
matter rested until i.S^S. when the executive committee. consisting <>t
I'.. Cook, \Vm. S. I'icrson. l ; . S. Thorpe, |. A, Camp and R. R. McMeen>
iued a i ard dated Sandnskv. ( )hio. September i. 185,^. calling a mass
mccting tor the loth (it September, iSvS. to renew the proceedings
instituted on the 4th of |ulv. iS^j. "This was the must glorious and
thrilling spectacle witnessed on lake Krie since the da\ nl IV-rr\ i- s
\ ictor\ . 'I'he cities and towns along the shores of the lake poured out
large delegations of people. The bay itself presented a most grand
and glorious pageant, crowded with a tleet of magnificent >teainer>.
sail vessels and \a<hts. all decorated witli gaily colored banners.
streamers and pendants, \\hile a battery of fourteen brass cannon
waked the echoes of old Krie with a \\clcome that made the old rm k>
ot (iibraltar tremble with their reverberation." says I )r. McMeeiis.
Some ot Perry's old veterans were there, old men who had heard
the firing during the battle, statesmen, soldiers, women, children --all
animated and inspired with the soul-stirring scene.
Ten steamers, three \achts. and twenty other sailing vessels anchored
in the bav.
l.igh.l thousand people gathered in groups about the shore.
(iovernor ( 'hase was chosen president ot the day. A number 01
vice-presidents and secretaries were appointed: also, a committee on
exercises. ( ien. I . \\ . Kiu h. ol ( 'level and. ( now Lieutenant ( lovernor
the irat ion.
i'oiir ol the sii |-\ i\ ops ol the battle were prc.sent: ('aptain Steph'-n
1 'ha in] ill n. \\ ho tired the first and last gun in the < onllict : \\~illiam I !lai i .
of Lexington, Ri( hland conntv. ( )hio: 'I'homas lirownell. of Newport
Rhode Island, who was second in command of the schooner Ariel, and
I*!'. 1 slier I'arsons. ot l'ro\ idence. R. I., the surgeon of the lla^-shi]
l.awreni e at the tune ol the battle, were introduced to the vast assem
blaue in the order named, and were greeted with wild applause. Thev
e.ich made -hor' spee< lies. ex|)i'essing their gratitude for their kind
r ' eption. and I )r. I'arsons gave- a highl\' interesting description ot the
b.ittle, the treat nieiil of the wounded, and im idenls of the surrendei
"i 'In- cneiuy. It i-, a pilv ih.it ilie odes, poems and songs thai were
read i in i siin^ < an niii mill rocini here. ( )nc onlv oiu- ol these gem-
niu-t no! be overlooked, however. It i- the prodm lion ol" mv oid.
I'ltnented trii nd, I )i\ R . R. \b \Ieen-. ; he se< retarv of the monumental
M Mk I II H II I \ i I t MlkA I ION l-i .1 M.
iition. \\ho-c IrifiuUhip i- c hcn-tu-il -till. though hi- ha- h>nu -in-
1 auav. \ -Imrt -krti h <>| tin- lite <>t the ih>< ti v\;ll l>r tmimi
\ \ \ III.
Ill i; I>1 AM )| I KM
l:\ K K M Mi i N-. M 1
The 1-iaml- ot Km- ana\ed in lull die--.
Klll'olie the lake -eelie \\ Ith -llanue h >\ rl i lit---
A - LT" refill I M\\ deeked ill hti-_ r llt \eldnr.- tl|i-\ lie.
Iii the -oft im-llou h,i/e df the -till ant nmn -k \ .
No more hrilliant '_ r em-. though landed the\ In-.
K\el gleamed 'lllid the LMollp- i.f the i>|,| l.leeiall -e.i.
The\ eirele the -t ol'lll -1 >IV\\ I iii.' l^lte- uf the U rM
To -imthe the "mad -pint" uf Kin- to r,--t.
And h-nd their M" in lit form- to the rau'e ot the ->-,i
To -heller the -torm-to--ed ill -Meet iii n '_ r lee ;
( )l. like -elitiliel-. -eeln to he pointing the w;i\
To t he liarliorimj; arm- of liold " 1 'nt - i n- Ha\ ."
\\ lien the \\ illd- hl'eat hie-- -leep ill t ln-ii e;|\ el n- ,ij pe.in-.
Ilo\s -\lpll-lil\e the\ -il ,,n the lake'- lileelit taee.
( >r mirrored in heantx on erim-on d\e,| \\a\e
\\ hen the -mi -ileiit -ink- in her '_ r ol,|-t inted ma\e.
And the purple hori/oii depend- a- a -Inond.
( )f a tape-hied mantle, in fold- of rieh elmid.
Then deep'n i n^' -o ^cnt I \ upon the |'ale L;]"\\ .
*MI -oinhre ami -ad. seaivch -eemin-j to km>\'.
\\ hen the la-t lliit in- ra\ ot tad in- 1 \v ili-ht
Mei-e- iii darkiie-- and death Lrlo.ini ot ni-_;ht.
( Mi ' I -land- ot Kne. In >\\ man\ a -eene
( M -h ip\\ reek and hat t Ie ai'onml \ HI have I H-I-M !
1 1 1 1\\ mait\ a na Hani s oimn hero \\ eiit do\\ n
\\'hen l'err\ ami -ailor- \\iin ^lorimi- reno\\ n
YOU -land a- piond im HI nim-nt - n\ei tin- dead.
\\'ho -leep at \olir teet 111 their eotlinle lied.
\\ hile the \\ iml- -hriek \ u hi-pi-f a i enim-m -.i-jh.
And the \\a\e- jnin in innrinii n IIL: a fond lnllah\.
And the mai im-i . -j i id i nn al> Hr_; h\ \oiii -ide.
I ,' ( -i ill III- all t heil deed- U 1 1 ll e |l|i i] I , Hi - . 1 1 pi ide.
( Mi ' I -land- "I heaiit \ . on Ki ie'- lirn.id hrea-l
That -mile \\\ the -im-him- like ha\en- ,it ie-i ;
( )i \\ hen the -torn i -nml in hi- \\ rat h \\ ild l\ i a\ -.
Like ' -1-1 el-" of lne|e\ || a II '_T o\ e| 1 lie \\ a \ e - .
I'i'el hloiilll III \olll lle-hlle-- a- l"\e|\ a- m i \\ .
To en rap! me I In- ,-\ e and make tin- hear! u ']< i\'
54 HIS I ' >RN i >l
(io\ernor ( ha^e. the chairman, opened the meeting with a lew brief
remarks ot welcome. Thereupon. Mr. \\ . S. Pierson. chairman of the
committee, reported the loilo\\in^ HM ot permanent officer* of the
association, \ i/ :
I're>iilent- lion. Lewis ('ass. of Michigan.
\'i( e - President* - - I Ion. l>aac Toucc\ . of ( 'onneclicul : l>r. Ishcr
ParMin~.. of Rhode Island;- Sidney l!ro<>k*. of Rhode Island: Thoma*
Urownell. I . S. N.: (iov. Lli-dia Dyer. Rhode Uland; \\in. Wetmore.
LM|.. Rhode Island: lion. Kdward Lscrett. Massachu-.elt>: lion. \\ .
II. Seuard. New \ ork : August llelmont, Ks<|., New York; Hon. Millard
Killmore. New \'ork: ('apt. Stephen ('hamplin. New York; (io\. \V. ]'.
Packer. Pennsylvania: \\ m. (i. Moorehead. K-MJ.. Pennsylvania: (lo\.
S. P. Chase. ( >hio; S. Starkweather. Cleveland. ( )hio; Kluthcnis Cook.
Sandn-skv. < )hio; 1.. Collin-,. Toledo. Ohio: R-.-,, \\ilkins. Detroit.
Michigan: |ohn Owen. Detroit, Michigan: Col. Todd. Kentucky: Col.
John o'I ; allon. St. I..oni*. Mo.: |. \'. Scammer. l^i].. ('hica^o. Illinoi>:
lion. John \\entworth. ('hica^'o. Illinois; ('apt. ]. P. McKinstry. I . S.
N.. Commodore |o^. l.anman. I . S. N.: I ,ient.-( ien. \\inlield Scott,
I . S. A.
( )n motion. \Vm. S. Pierson. of Sandusky, \va-. ehosen treasurer, and
Dr. R. R. McMeens, of Sandu>ky. corresponding secretary.
A committee of management was then also appointed. The following
letters were then read by Mr. Pierson:
\V AMI I N<; TON ('IT'S'. St'pt. ti. l.S-")S.
I)KAI; Sn;: Voiir in\ itati<m to me. to form out- of tin- iinmrrons asscm-
hl;!'j,T which \\ ill inert at Pnt-in-Pay on the loth inst.. has just been received,
an I. \\hilf I thank \oii for reiuemberiii;^ me in connection with that
in! -resting occasion. I regret that it will he out of m\ power to avail m\self
<it' voiir kimliu'ss. us I shall he necessarily detained here I >y my public duties.
lint though absent . I shall not the le>s part iei pate in the feelings of u'l'at it inle
an 1 exultation \\hicli the e\ent.\oii propose to commemorate, is so well
calculated to Inspire in even American breast. '1'he vietoi-\ of Perrs IIJIOM
Lake Krie. not far from the place of \oiir con\ ocat ion. on tbc Hull o|'
> -pteiuber. 1^1:1. \\a> one nf the mo>t glorious, as \\ell as one of the most
important achie\ ements I'econlcd in our militarx annals.
1 \sa> uilh the arin\. then encamped in \oiir region of eoiintr\ during
thai haril-i'oim'lit bat t ]. \\ here \\ e were all awaiting, with anxious solicit mlf.
llie iipcralii'ii^ ''I the i!eeN. a> the commaiiil of ihe lake \\~as essential to our
lilti\emeiil>. and now. alter tin- elapse of almo>l half a centiir\. it \\ould
rejoice me lo hear m\ fellow cili/.eu> to recall and rccoiiut the ^loriesof tli;i|
iiieinor, Me da> . 'mid the M-enes \\here lhe\ uere gained, and which ihe\
\s ill e\er illn-trate. It i> ^ood for l he A me ri can people to ae ml >le to^ct her
in the lime of ;heir >tivim'lh to commemorate the <|eeds of pat rjoti-.m ami
, ilor \\iiidi. in the lime of their ueakuo.^. enabled our countn to p ;t> >,
>;itVI> tlimiiirli III'' lri;il> IM s\lii,'h
ili-pMiIril \\nrili i-. t In- ..|,|,-, t ,,| j|,,. p.
In i- \ | Hi'-- II I \ 'l-'i'p -S lilp.it lix ss 1 1 |, i|,,
\\' ilh iiiiii h !._'. ii'l ! .1111 il.-.n -
1 l-. \ i: M i: I li.i\ ; lit- In.n..: i, , .,, !,
i>r the I'M-i'ii! is c i-niiiiniiti-f. ! I..- p. , -,,
I !;i\ in 1 .,' "1 l In 1 ' -in IHT MUM.- , ,| .1 n
KI irk. I'ut -in- l'.;ts I -M.m.i. in ,', .'nm. 'in.
I i'i un-t In -i.il i- i liMt ins '-IILM^.-MII n
|i;tl t ir||i;il i 1 1 L: \\Iili Soil uli tin- inii-fi-,;
I ;i!ll S\ ii li Illlii'll fojin I
V..IM ,.!..
MN l)i.\i:Sn;: I li,i\i- iTrcis i-.| \,un > M, , m,.,!
l'i'i|iu->l illU lil\ |tn i-lliv ;un| |i;i!l li-l|i.i! l-i|i III ill.- i-r|.
platfil iiiMiiu'iii ,it inn ni' :ln- iiiiiiiiiMn-iii mi itilii.ili.ii |;,
n|' uiir LTluriiiii^ nas ;il I rinnipli iimlt-i i In- u'.tll.ui! I ' 1 1 .
Asuin-i'1 tlii-livf ^111 v : s nm I'lti
.n ir lir; is i- I.MV. in l.r prt-x-iii . .n 1 1 nl ^l.iMnii^ IMT.IM.
k ini! ri-iin-iiil'i'.i hi-' 1 . M' MM-.
I n-._M'i-I tli.tl |iri--t-iil i ml i^|n i>il i. MI |in-rim|c-. i),,-
Soil. In j i i i 1 1 \ni| in 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 _; i i . 1 1 1 . 1 1 In ss i i . 1 1 1 1 ! i . . ! i . i ; 1 N , i 1
iTinlfi^ inipnuii-ii! ;tl tlii^ lini'- :in .ii'-i -m * limn i-.
I .1 III . ->i I . \ i HI I i '! ii-i I |i-h ! ^i-
I -mi: I' \ i:-"\- \l I '
M-i Di: \i: I i:: V-
tin- ^'i-lliiv. ^1'i'inu
inti-ini l" In- .1! 1 In' _!"' "'i - ' '
p|i a^un- 'I p;i i ! i'-ip.i! Mij
tin! In IM| ins -i'!l ' '.s K.; '!' '.i_'" I '
ss itii l!i'- |i-\\ -'.' ' :
Illi'llli H'. ll i!r I i.l i i!' ' ' I . .'
I Ml I ! I \S ,1 -. ~" ' ' ' '
HIM) inn- ,ii '. Mi. I '. :
St-lii'i'.l. Ml:. I ss ,i> '.'.Ml i.. I n ii \\ in I 1
1 pi. IS (In-
ri-lclir.it inn 111, is > ..n: i ii ill il .1
:;(> HIsTOKV 01- SKNKCA rol'NTY.
May the blessing of Heaven ^nideand preserveall wlioattend the celebra-
tion, truly and sincerely is my prayer.
Most sincerely your friend.
W. T. TALIOFKRRO.
Ni:w YOKK. August IN. ls,'>s.
M i:. F. T. P>.\ i; \ i-:\ . S.\ \i>isi\ v < 'rr\ . ().:
M v I >KA i; Si i:: In answer to your favor of the L'lst nil., on the subject of
the erection of a monument on the little Island of ( iibraltar. I have to say :
That if said monument be to the memory of < '01 in nod ore Perry .as I suppose
it is. I will he too happy to contribute to it. not only by the free jrit't of the
land requisite, but by procuring subscriptions in New York and one or two
other places, which I think I can do. I accordingly hereby confer upon you
and my friend. Simon Fox. power to jjraiit a sntlicienl part of said Island of
(iihraltar. in perpetuity, for the erection of said monument, with such
reservation as you may deem necessary to present any sort of injury to my
property in the .u'roiip of islands. It would please me if I and my successors
after me uere appointed keepers of the ground ceiled, and of the monument.
Respectfully yours.
H1VKHA ST. .IA(.().
After the reading of these, letters. (lov. t'ha-e introduced Hon. K.
('ooke. nt Sandn-ky. who spoke as tollosvs:
L-Hlti*. <; nllrnt' n. l-'<ll,r-< 'niiiili-iliin n:
I rise as the origan of the executive committee to bid you \\ eleome to these
classic shores, immortali/ed by American valor and rich in the associations
of a nation's ulory . Mut how can I lind lanirua.ue suitably to express my
conuTat ulat ions of the assembled thousands \vlio surround me. and whose
presence this day n'ivesthe lie to the reproach that "Republics knou not
how to be Liratefnly" If I could hope to lie heard by an audience so
immense. I would t hank y on in the name of our common country for ha\ hi".
come up in such \ast numbers from the beautiful cities of the lake and the
interior, to thi- patriotic consecration. Mm \\ith a \oice impaired by the
wasting power of many years. I hope to say but little else than to offer up
my fervent thank-L:iv im: to Almighty (iod foi- those e\ idences of enthusi-
astic u'rati tude and patriotic devotion uhich the occasion has inspired, and
which your presence this day proclaim-.
We ha\c met to commemorate one of tho-e rare and signal events, which,
considering the va-i intere-t it in\ol\ed. the u'lory it achieved and 1 he
benefits conferred, has feu parallel- in hi-torv . \\"e shall lind it ditlicult.
however, justly lo appreciate the importance of Perry s victory, \\~itliont
calliiiLr t" mind, for a moment, the peculiar condition o| oui' country which
preceded and foPoued it- achievement-. A -aiiLHiiiiary war had for more
than a yea) 1 be. MI '-airing bet ween ( i real Mrilain and the I'liited Slates. llo\\
it was sii-tained on the land and on the ocean, history has recorded. I:
must be admitted. ho\\ ever, that its commencement on the Niagara am! in
the norlh-ue-Ni \\ a- cliaractei'i/ed by defeat, disaster and disgrace. Whethei-
the iiiLiloi'ioi;- -nrrender of the fortress of Detroit and the coiise(|ur-nt
uncontrolled |o-->es^ion of the \a-l norlh-u estern lei-riloi-\ by the enemy,
were chai'LTeable to treachery ori-owardice. it i- not mm nece--arv to ini|iiire.
I i >1K I H i>l
Thr 'V'iil >iuot' tli- ln-;ii t ct tin- nation \\ illi ilisma\ ami . n\ en-l thr \\ lm|r
land with conscious humiliation. <>m u hole \ asi t'mntii-i. limn HnHalo i,.
Arkansas, uas al om-e thiouiiopen to tin- Miuki- ot [h- ttnaliA\\ k. ami
expost-d hare anil defenseless in tin- im-n-iless im-ni ii>iii n| tin- a\aif- |o-
The aiithoritv ami protection ot ihc I'mlfil Mates had eased \\ithin its
hordei's. Thf course ii[ tin- em-in\ . learned uith then ^a\ai;- ali\. \v,is
e\ t-i \ \\ hen- marked \\ith rapine. in.i.nir and di -\ a^tal ii>n. Tin- heait
i , -ml MIL: ami hloo |\ I raL, r ed\ >! I In- ri\ri H i-^in. ami "thri .1 i,-,| localities
f<.l|o\\ ed ill sin-cession, t 'oiistei mil ion and alarm i -\ -i \ \s lii-i |i: i-\ ,uli-d.
Tliinisaiuls "\villunit di^Iimiimi ..| A^<- \ -M-\ ui-n- i-\|n-l|ci| tmin tln-ii
jn-ai-fliil almdrs |i\ iln- in\ ailinu t't>-. and tin t'.iri-..) ||i,i\,n \\.,^ in,iilt-4|
li\ the iniirdiM nf mm. \\ nmni and childn-n. ami l>\ tin- u anli;ii i-nnilai:i a I inn
i !' dflVncflo-^ cal'in^ and \ illa^f^. Tht- lln\\ n ami i-ln\ all \ . ! 1 1 it- land u <-i<-
lit nil in tln-ir I;|IT\ . and 1 hfii In nn^ u hiirm-d ;h.- la. ( t !,.- u !ld.-im'>-..
I )crd> of rnirll \ and iin nt Id al 'li- ln>i I m \\i-ri- t-nactcd . \\ hii I. lilli-d I In- \\ In >!
land with laim-iilaliuii and \\innu' drn|'- "I a^i>n\ n.iin iln- ln-ait ,,[ ||,,.
nat ion. A dark rlmid Imiii; <>\ rr mir il-\ nit-d i mini i > . i hi "\\ inu di>\\ u \\,,m
ilx rruwniiiif anm>r> llir palrnr^^ nt drath npnn h-i rh.-.-k. ami il- mi.|m--s
ii|iun her linMiin. Tiiir tin- a-^anlt-- npnn tin- i!cl'i-m-f- n( llan:-.>n and
( 'm^lian nn thf Maiinn-i- and Xindn^k> had lit-cn -allanlU and ulni imi-l\
i-\|ii-llfd. lint these c\i'li'it^. hrillianl a> !ln-\ ui'H-. asaih-d lilth- |n th.- n-lsi-l
nt the t'runt iri's. \\hilc the entire pne^-ii .n nt the lake. |,\ a u !; -nianm-il
lleet of \eleran>. rcinaim-d in the nndi^inited enntinl nt the |m-. \\iih j,,, \\.-r
tit df^fflld at ail\ Ilinlllellt uith lliell enlllliined tnl.-i-^ lljmn alls |m!l!,,|, ,,)
oil!' '\IIOMM| frontier. The eri^i> deniamled aelion. \ i^i ,| , ni. aelion. enm-
Itiiifd v\ith \alor and talent to direct it. The enmniaml ! the lake hail
hri-miif to n> imli>{ifii->ali!e. In \ie\\ nt ihi-~. the eiealion n| an \inenian
lleet . the 1 1 in ! i for u liieli \\ a - then LM n \\ MIL: in tin- \v ildi-i m-->. u a~ >! di-i i-d
|t\ oil!' Lfo\ el'lllm-llt . a^ \\ell In] the |>lirpoM"- nt |H nteet loll a- l!l\a-<!n||. |l;
Marrli. l^l.'i. the ehaiiTe of its eon--t i net ion and e.nnnand vva> a^iu'ned i.-
()li\er II. I'eriA. of Uhode Island, \\lio. m spn.- ,i| almost ^npei h nmai
olistaeles ami dillinilt n-s. in less than t hi nmni hs < -om pie led his \\ , ,. K and
lannelied his \essels at the harlioi- of Kin-. I'.ut alllioii-h he tie.jiient!\
so u LT h t I o e 1 1 _: a L; e 1 h e e n i M i \ 1 1 e \\ a s u n a 1 1 1 e t o 1 1 1 : 1 1 _; them MM., a . ! i o n 1 1 1 1 1 1 ,'
t lie e\ ei -ineinoi ahle and es el' u: I ni I..N-- i la \ \\ e niei 1 to . . .iniin m. .1 ate.
( >f the Itatt le and it s t hrillinu ineidenl s I ha\ e m . 1 1 nn . . ^|.i-ak lam
not hei e \\ it h a toii-nr ..| tire to relight and em I da 'on the -p 1 , -ml, ,| - , ,| < |,,
|ehie\ eineiit . Thai otliee must In- Idt to! a nio|i . lalmlMle addli-ss. and to
otllfl's lietle; lilted tol the task. Alhl 1 lejnlei- !o s;i \ ;|,a! sn|||e ol j;>
ionchiim details \\ il I he u'i \ i n \ mi to da \ ;n l>ni in IIL: \\ M ds 1 1 , n a ! i\ ;ii^
and hom.ied aetoi in the seem-, i in this point, then-ton | m-ei| nn|\ ad. I
I lial alt lnHiLTli ld \\ I'fii single shi ps on ; |,, m-ran. t he 1 1 ;a! !iad i'ei-n I >el on-
signal Is glorious I,. . >ur tlau. \ el I h i - u as i he iji's; ,\ mei an s.piad i on ; hai
e\ e| made hat I |e \\ 1 1 h all eliems . and this
l-jiu'land had a na\>. that e\ei had heen eaptnn-d." \ml it an\ tl.Mt^
Illltller \\ele \\antlll'_: to heluhtei: the lil'l I ! ia lie \ and ,\' h !i \ el Ill-lit . ; lna\ I ie
tonnd ill tin- la, I that oiir the; \\ a - i nade.piate! \ and nm-,|iial!\ pio\ided
\\ilh men and eannon nianm-d inosil\ i>\ ia\\ n-i inits unMMiied In ha;t!e.
and eominanded I >\ \ mi IIL: men \\ 1 1 honl e\ pei p n, i- MI na\ a! \v ai Ian \\ !,- '.-
5 s
un the other hand. ttiat of Hit- British was fully armed furnished with men
who had encountered many conflicts on the ocean, and commanded by the
experienced and veteran Commander l>arcla\ . who had won rich laurels
under Nelson, at the immortal battle of Trafalgar.
Such was the tremendous contrast between the opposing forces. Shut
now the volume that records the event, and tell me. thoii man of naval and
militan science, upon what principle of human probability can the triumph
of our arms, in a conllicl so unequal, be predicted?
The contrast was u r rcat. hut to the dauntless I'erry b\ no means appalling.
After the line of battle had been set and all was made ready, an hour a
silent hour was occupied in advancing to the conllict; an hour in which
the lives of the M|iiadron. the fate of the north-west and the honor of the
nation were suspended upon the talents ami collected valor of one man.
How appalling the responsibility! II<>\\ terrible the probation! llou vast
the interest involved! How intense the u'.i/e of millions upon the issue!
At such a moment, men of the present generation, picture to yourselves the
solemn spectacle, the sublime pageantry of two hostile armies \\atchin.u the
movements from the opposite shores of the lake: of defenceless thousands
throughout the unprotected region of the north-west, whose lives and homes
were at stake: yea. of millions of two threat nations, whose tinal triumph
hung upon the issue all. all awaiting with breathless anxiety, the result of
the conllict. and tell me if it was not an hour in which the stoutest heart of
the hero, charged with such a battle, miifht have justly trembled. Yet the
heroic Perr\ remained unayitated. unshaken and invincible. He had no
fear but for the safely and honor of his countn : no ambition but to conquer
or die in her defence.
A quarter before 1-! o'clock the solemn suspense was broken and the
conllicl beiran. At '> o'clock the battle ended. Its thunders were hushed.
Their echoes had died away upon the distant shore of the lake, and the deep
silence of nature" succeeded, broken only by the cries of the wounded and
the dyimj;. AS the smoke of battle rolled awa\ . it revealed a victory, which
shed undying glon upon the Republic, and ijave immortal renown to the
victors: a victors which wiped from our escutcheon the disgrace of Hull's
surrender, avenged the insulted honor of our lla^r. and dissolved forever tin-
spell of boasted Piritish maratine invincibility. Tin-: rrrn. <>K \KIXIN
had struck to the youthful Pem.and the countrs rany with acclamations
of jo) .
In est imalimj; the immediate and momentous results of this victory, it
si HI u Id not lie forgot lei i I hat it at once opened a pathwas for ( Jen. Harrison.
In the siibjunat ion of Maiden, to the re-coin pies; uf 1 >et mit . to the restoration
of peace and safet\ of otir whole extended fj'ont ier. and to the crowning
^lor\ of his campaign. l>\ the ea]itiire of the entire Ilritish arms. at the
Thame->. It chanu'ed at once the entire tin at re of the war in
and transferred it. \\itli all iN dread pageant r\ of deal li and
from our u\\n soil to that of the bewildered, astonished and
t
\v
I <>l K I II ' 'I IT M I I I.I l:l< A I I' IN -Cl.l i II 01 il' IN I . ' i i -kl y;
domination in the norlh-we-t pradicalK expired \sith the la-t vpsnir^ not--
of 1 1 if l;i*t ran in iii. \\ ho>e t IniinliT doM'd i In- halt It- "I I.aki- Kin-.
In \it-\v ul Ilifsc '/ram I and ulorioii- re-nlt- conm-ded uilh tin- diif'
influence the\ exerted in ie\i\e tin- piiMic -pint: In re-t.iie tie-.li \ ii,'oi to
tin- A merican arm-: 1" auaf.cn tin- national ci.nlidem .-; to -n-lain the
nal ional credit ami to -t ivm.:! hen tin- aim < >f I In- -_'"\ 1-1 nni'-iii . a! t hat -..do. >n\\
I it- ri oil oi' tin- \\ a i'. il i- no vs under that tin- ni-u - oj i in 1 \ idor> i!e\\ on i If
win::'- of tin- \\ iinl. flfi-t rit \ MIL' tin- uholi- nation uith |o\ . ami lilhni: 'In-
heart ofe\er\ patriot uith LTrat itnde and exultation. No .-, . ii!i|t-: thai i hi-
hclU of f \ f r> chin -.-h III i'o n^hi. n! 1 1|.- lii-|iiih!ic ram: on! t hi M IIH-I i \ |u-al- a-
ihf m-\\^ I ra\ i-i'M-il tin- intfi'ior. an<l !ha1 f\i-r\ ril> ainl hanilf! in iln- lanil
iila /fil forth \\ it h honlin-^ ainl illnininat ion- ami olln-i maii.li--!a! '"ii- ot ' t In-
hiL'h-u nniu r hl pulilii- n-ioicin- >.
. \inl --hall \\f. \\hoari- no\\ in tin- I'l-ai-i-l.ii cnjox ini-nl t,i i|..- \\\\\ innt!'-n
of ihf^i- ri'>nll>: >hall \\f. -^laii'lini; hi-i'i- in -i^lil ot ;ln- -po! ., h-!'f Ihf _'!. it
i'llllc \\liifh M'l-in'fil llii-ni \\a-- I'on^h! anil \\on: >hall \vi-. \ i . h" l,a\<- iiX'-'i
in- hoinf> ami >! up our hoii-rhoM ^mU in tin- miiUt oi tin- t-i'!itoi\ Min-^
M-.^fiifil ami ilf tV mlfil. innain iiiililffi'f ni to an -.-nl \\hii-h i-onf. n.-.l -m-li
|irifflfs> hli-iiiL;'^. \\hii-h ru>t -" mn.-li lilnoi) ami p'-nl to afhif\f it. \\hii-h
aihlfil MI lunch \\i-alth to tin- 1'anif of the nation, aipl \\hii-h ^till I'oniinaniK
tin- applausf ami a<lniirat ion ol' tin- \s oi'M NO. m-\ 1-1 . m-\ r.
'I'n lhf>f si-flic^. Ihfii. If! n-> with i-ai-h rftuininiT anni\ i'>ar\ i-oini- up tm'
our in^lrncl ion. I ,f t n> heir tv-kimlli- t IM- hcai-on-liri- o[ pat i iot i^ni. u hii-h
l'i-n\ It- t't.ini MHidcr < lilT. with a IV r\ c nl prasi- r that tin- \ luirn fon-\ ( -i . I.i-i
us liriii 1 ^ liiiimrs this da\ fur tin- imhlf ilcail \\ Im pi-nshfil in :hi- !iu r lil: ami
If t I hi- lani'f 1 ami tin- r\ |irr--^ hf l\fpt l'on-\ r I Yrsh anil u'l'f ' n upon ! In- loni-l \
irra\f> \\ hfi'c Ihi-ir a->hr^ an- f n^hriiifil. In a \\ojil. let u-~ -i-i-k om- u'i'i-at
practical lr>>on of pnhlic iln!> ainl patriotic ilarinu r in tin- ciinti-inplatioii ot
tin- exploits ami >aei'itice-, of i hat ilaiint lf liaml. \\ Im m-ar thi-> >pot. pt-rilfil
their lives for their ecuintn. lint al>o\e all. let n- !hi^ >las -i_ r nali/e mil
grateful apprei-iation of their ^lorion^ ih-eiU h\ eilicient nie.i'-iiie^ (or the
erect ion of a im iiinnient on > onih-i- ( i ihrallar IJocU ." to t h.- HM nio] \ i .] | '1-1 r\
and hi> nohle coni|ianioii-> there to -^land fore\er. a perpciiia! nienioiial oi
oiir conviction-, of the nnniea^iired !>cm-liN coni'ci i -ed upon the ufMern
>!ate> |i\ tlieir patriotic and heroic valor,
At no d Ma nt da\ upon t hat consecrated -pot . \\ here -In-p i h- a-lie- nt' Ilf
I il'a\ e \\ ho t'ell in t he ci Mill let . ' ' u it h -ole l unit ie-* -tilled Io I he occa-lon. \\ it 1 1
prasei' to A lini-h! \ < md fur 1 1 i- hle ini:." and in I In- in id -I ( ,1 i loud !
\\ it ne--e- ] ike t he-e \\ h ji-h -U ri'oil nd I lie. let t lie con le] -io||i- 1 1| I ha! Inonii
i IP -lit I "e laid. 'I'ln-ri' |cl it ri-e. 'I'licle Id il -I a m I a- !"iu a- I he I -I if u ate] -
< it |-!rie -hall cont inne Io da-h aua : n-i il - i < '\\ i " >n nd ha-e. ' niai k I ); -pol
\\hich iiin-1 In- fore\er dear Io u-,. in ..in children and ' ir hiidieii'-
. hiidi cii . do\\ n to t he la -I -\ I i.d >|e i -t i .-.-, ,\ , :,-, i imp-.
' 1 ' 1 1 1 I a p -i o I fo ri \ - li \ i \ ea r- i i a - i a ; i ! d o \\ n i 1 1 i I n d 1 1 - 1 1 1 1 - ' " i I h* 1 i a \ c
men \\ ho ]iart ici p,it i-i i in 1 he \ ic 1 , i| \, . I'hi- illii-i i ion- din ! him-- '. I . '.
thai pioiid da\. ani'd Ilf 1'o.n and -inoki' .md ioiin o| h.tiiie. in-cnhed h.
name ii)ion I he ^hidd oi imnioi i a !:l \ . ha- i '. n coin pi -lied 'o \
oid\ fiie he ft 111 Id IP it com 1 1 ii-r : i'li! all . 1 haii k I ! a\ !i . ai no; \ t _;. .in \
lillle remnant \ ihal iinnp.iiai h.ind -111! n_fi anioHL; lln- .ivini;. to ii-a;.
(>0 H1STOKV. OK SI XI '.(. \ COINM.
the ricli rc\v;inl of their labor ami perils, in the affections and benedictions
i>t their countr) men: and four of these have kindl) yielded to the earnest
jii\ itation of the committee, and are now present, to receive an expression
of the gratitude of the countr) . for which they put their li\ es at ha/ard. and
to which they devoted the (lower of their youth.
Fortunate should we esteem ourselves that we have been permitted to
behold this spectacle; a spectacle, the like of which in thrilling interest and
imposing .grandeur, was never before vouchsafed to the present generation.
Happy indeed that (iod has granted us the sight of these veteran survivor*
under circumstances so no\ el and affecting. Soon. alas, too soon, shall we
M-ek in vain for one survivor, and the last of the heroic hand will be seen
>n earth no more forever. Let us then briny; fresh honors, this da\ Jto those
\\lio still remain to link the living with the dead, 'ere the grave shall have
closed upon them forever.
( iallant an 1 \ "en -rable nr-ii! with gral"ful hearts we bid you welcom .
thrice welcome to these island shores, and to these bright scenes of your
earl) glorv. \\'e thank tlie(iodof mercy for having prolonged your lives
that we might thus greet vou. and that you might behold this deeply earne*t
deinon*tration of vour grateful countr) men.
( )n revisiting tin- memorable spot where von linked forever vour own
fame \\ith the glorv of vour country, after the absence of nearl) half a
centurv. it is not strange that the stirring incidents of the victor) in which
v on so honorahl) shared, should come down upon your memory like an
avalanche from the past, and agitate you with conflicting emotions.
How changed the scene since last \oiir eves beheld these lovely shores !
True, the same lake which \ou then sa\\ wreathed in smoke of battle and
cue rim soi icd \vit h t he blood of your companions, still cont in ues its ceaseless
funeral \\ail over the slumbers of the buried brave, or chants its loud
anthems to the prai*e of vour gallant deeds. The same sun. v\ Inch then
looked do v\ n from it* mid-da) t hrone and tired \ our young hearts to deeds
of glorious daring. *t ill smile* upon v our return to this reno\\ ned i heater of
\oiir youthful courage and patrioti*m. Hut in other respects ho\s ureatthc
channel Tin- hau^lit) foe i* u'one the din of \\ar is hushed, and instead of
the thunder* of hostile cannon, and the shrieks of your dyiim' comrades.
Mm have heard lo-dav the shouts of a new generation, uho have come out
from all the boriler* of the lovelv land vou defended, to n'reet \on with the
loud acclaim of an overflowing and universal ural it ude.
Forever, hereafter. I'M'' loth of September. 1*1:'.. shall be sacred to our
hearts, as it ha^ lon.u' been glorious to our count r\ . 1 1 \\ a* \ our good fort line,
most hoiiorabl) . to par! ici pate in t he danger* of t hat <\;\\ . I mini lie nt \\ ere
the perih \ou encountered: u'loi'ioii* the deed* vou performed, and great ihe
^acriticu* v on made for v our coiinl r\ . I u ill not attempt t heir eu log) . The)
have alreadv toimd their place with tho^e of voiir dejiarled compatriot*.
amoiiLT the *o]emn archives of t)iir country, where the) can nev er die; and
thehi>tor) which record* them is but an imperi*hable t i-an*cri|>( of \oiir
i-laim^ upon our grat it ude.
YOU have come to mo*t of the tlioii
age. to rev iv e recollect ion* and recount i
tradition have begun to cluster, and vou fmd \
I ( it K I H ( ) I JIM i I I I |-,K \ I I' i\ >I'M H i>r HI iS . I Nl 'i I
<>l a '4rnrral imi iin\\ in tin- lull \ i4i ami inn nlian itmiiilli \ in. nil I
u !H i 1 1 ail iml sri-n tin- I i -.ill I nt ht-aM-n u In- n Mm hail mil 'h I MI n| \ < iin l>r-;ix;
I" thr >haftx i.f 1 1 rail i in i|rfrn>r nf tin- i i^lit> an<l hmim m MHII mi at i \
Vnii arr iin\\ \\hrrrM>iiMiii>'l Imtv-liM- srar> a^i*. uith tiailril kinm-i-
at tin- fiinrral i>l MHII \ aliant ili-ail. l.iki- nu>rll. smi lirlmii; t'lafmim;
4 r riirratimi. Vmi Innk armiml MUI in \ain l"i MI.H \niitlilul rmiipainmi-'-iii
arm- ami limtlirr- in prril. Tin-\ havr In-m -4.1! Iin '! !" tli-ir tatln-i^. Mir.
MUI look an H i in I \'Mi im! in \ain Im tin- r\ ulrm -r- "I M.III rmintr\ '> liappi
iir->. ami I'm tin- rirh n- \\anU "1 MHII pat i it ir -su -i iin -, ami iml-: >mi li"'k
.ui'iiml \uii iml in \ain Im tin- in) ami 4iatitmlr "I tin- ii\iii-4 thmi-ainl*
\\lin >uiTmiml Mm. ami \\liu II.IM- ln-rn in.nli- li.i|'|'\ inn--t hapi'i i lijil \mi
Uflrnnir. tlili.T \\rlrnllir. mi tlli^ rmoriTalril 'las .
\\ r t'nrln-ai I'lirllltT til lirlra\ mil r|||iilimi>. tul rlllu^\ l>'ln|iL.'-> !'>> tn tin-
li\ inir than \ 1 hr 1 1 rail, ami t hrrr i-> m >t a In -art i In minhmit I hi> \ a>I a^>rin
!']> that ilur-> nut t 'rrijiu'iit 1\ |ira\ that \\ r :na\ 1mm In- ^pai'nl l hr i|n!\ !
i;raiiliiiu: I" MHI mir laM ami ln^ln---! hmim->. I M-tant . lai cli^t.inl . \- t In
'la> uliirh ^hall mark \mir -M-ttini; >nn. M.n l hr -aim- f .'"I \\ h" ^hu-Mni
\mi in liatllc. ami iriiiilol ami |uc->ri \ nl MHI in attri -lilr. -t ill -milr npmi
> "in ilrrliniii'4 \ rai ^. ami n >\ n t hrin \\ it li hi-- rirtn-M ami r In >\< -r^t li|r^>in^-..
rin.Ti-u|H m Mr. ('(inkr iiitri'<iu< oi ( '.i|t. Mi-plirn < '!;.ini|-l:n [> > ti:
i ri i\\ ii. 1 1 c u ,iv t In- l.i^t -H r\ i\ 1114 mniiKuiiU-r i it tin- l'i-rr\ -M iii.ulriH..
wli'i K-il tlu- Si i>r|iiiin in tlu - trim! liiu ol li.it'K-. and uhii i;rcd thr in- 1
.11 id ia-^t 41111 in tlu- < i Mill ii 1 . 1 Ir u a-> rv< ri\ rd. \\ ;tl. lri.-Mifiid.ou> h
1 lu-rrii|n m (,n\. ( ha>r IT, id thr < .i|it.iiif- >]H-n h. .t- t'lillnw-
"Mi:. l'i:i>i DI;N i : I nai'i-n^tmnnl In -prak in pnlilir. ami h.miiii ii"
riihliilrlirr ill ln\ \uirr. I a-^k I hr l'a\ m 1 \' MHI In rrail I In- I'M!!. i\\ nr/ rrplv !"
tin- ilatlrriiiu M-nl ' iiH-nl^ ji-t nllri-nl:
/'. 1 1, ,<r-< "iti~i us: I mnlialh lliank \mi I'm- I In- il i>l :nu r n i^hnl hmim |'anl !
I In- inrinm \ M| ins i i|i | rmniiiamlrr. ( 'mniiiiiilmr ( i. II. I'm \ . ami I In- _allaii!
'i!lii-rr> ami mm umh-i hi^ riimiiiaml in tin- hatllr MM ihi^ lal\r. aii'l al>n tlir
llattrriii'4 lint irr nt' m\ ->rr\ irr>. nn lliat i in-a^imi. V mi has r am pi \ rru ,n ilnl
mr t'm 1 In- tiiil ami rxpn^nrr !' lit'r nn I ha I r\ nit 1'nl ila\ . N i-\t In a rmi
-M-iiiil>lir- thai I |ir|-|'iiriiiri| m\ dnl \ tail h I n i I > . i- 1 In- appi i-liat imi "i ,,. \ a-i
a mult it i nl r n| m\ frlli i\\ -rit i/rii-^. I rrnr \\ nl!\ thank \ i in . am! In- -4 h-a\ I"
ill'rr i hr fnlliiu MIL; M-nt imrnt : "'I'lir lliirt \ >i \ \ uliinlrri > n| i n-n. 1 lai i i>mi'>
a i m\ . \\ I in r a i in- In n-> in mil ^rralr-t m-nl . in \\ hmn \\ r s\ ri'r mm h imlrbtnl
l'i il i hri ! \ ,1 1 U, ll'lr ^rr\ ii !>.'
M\ l'i)ll--;!14 ' hi-rr> \\C\'c L;i\Cll I'M I apt. ( ll.lMlp^'i.
Mr. ( 'nokr I 1 . ' I, -
: ' i : ! . i\ 1 1 1 1 1 a 1 1 ' l i 1 1 1 1 ! 1 1 \ . l h ; 1 1 . a-> ' < ; i
1. r;i. llarn-iin - arm\. m>t rrtri rrd '.<>. c.\> i'>
!i ' iin tlir nn k 'it ! lii i >|i i \ i-'.i-; .1 n . i i '' 'i i :i
In . i r ; n 4 thr i m p r ' - -> > l I '< IT \ . \\ i ! h . i p ; < ' < > ' i i ' '
1 1 1 i 1 1 \ ' 1 1 1 d In 1 r, 1 1 1 . u : i h : 1 ; i thank-- > ' ' ' :
iii I'l-nn-vl v .nr. .1 . 1 1! uliii li IM \\ i> :':.i-ti (< ' '..:i\<>i>\<
(>2 IIIslokN <U si- Nil A rot'NTV.
patriotism and bravery at the battle ot lake Krie. The old hero was
:oo much affected to say one word, but amidst a storm of applause
acknowledged the kindness slumn him b\ a modest bow and a tlow ot
'.ears.
Thomas Hrownell. of Newport. K. I., was then next introduced. He
i ommanded the schooner Ariel in the battle. He was greeted with
rousing cheers, and responded by thanking the crowd tor the Mattering
and cordial expression of teeling. and assured them that it was all
gratefully appreciated by him.
l)r. I'sher 1'arsons. ot Providence. 1\. I., the surgeon ot thetlag-ship
Lawrence at the time of the battle, was then introduced, and gave, a
detailed and thrilling account of the engagement. His address wa-
listened to with the most intense interest, and was frequently interrupted
with cheers that made the welkin ring. I >r. Parsons said:
Mli. PliKSIDKN I . AND ClTI/KNS OK TIIK L A K K SlIOUK:
The survivors dt' the battle of Lake Krie here present have listened with
intense interest to the eloquent address just delivered, and thank you most
-ineerely for the cordial reception you have given to its friendh and compli-
mentary allusion to our services on the da\ we are now assembled to
commemorate.
Fort\ -five years ago we were here as spectators and participants in the
battle, and now. in advanced years, are invited to join a vast number ot
patriotic cit i/ens. gathered from the beautiful and lion rish ing cities bordering
this lake, to eel el irate the \ idory then gained by our squadron.
We have come hither. m\ friends, to honor the memor\ of those who t'ell
in that glorious conllict. and are sleeping under fche soil near where we arc
no\\ gathered. We ha\e come. also, to pay a grateful tribute of respect t<>
1 In memory of < 'oiiiniodore Perr\ . and his associates in the battle, who ha\ <
since passed aw a\ in the ordinary course of human life. And \ou. cit i/ens
of the lake sh'iiv. have sought out and invited here a little remnant u|
siir\ i\ors to bless <>;ir e\es with evidences of \oiir prosjieritx and !iap|iines~,.
and to \\ai'in our hearts witli tokens of assurance that our toil and peril oi
life on that eventful da\ are not forgotten. Would to (Jod that more had
lieen spared to participate with us in these L^'IHTOUS demonstrations ot
gratitude ami respect. lint the\ have passed awa>. and in a ver\ liriet
pei'iod n| 1 ime no spectator will lie left to tell t he stor\ i if Perry's Vie ton ."
'I'hat \ictor\ deri\ es a general intei'est from the fact that it \\asthelirsl
encounter ot' our infant nav\ . in licet or squadron. In contests \\ ith single
-hips \ye had humbled the pride of (".real llritain. The (iuerrier. .la\a
and Macedonia had surrendered to our stars and st ripes. I >ut here, on \ ondei
\\a\es. that nation was taught tlic unexpected lesson that u e could cunipiei
; hem in -<|uadnin. I'.ul this battle deri\'es a particular interest from it-
bearing on the war of iNlif. and from the relief it brought to > our shores in
A rciirhniL: the tomahawk and scalping knife from sivauv hands; shielding
, tY'inticr <if thii'i- hundred miles fi-nm the assaults and conflagrations of a
ci'inbined I'.i'ilis); and sa\a.L r e fi>i-; npeniiiL; the iraies ,,f Maiden to den
H>l K I II < 'I II I \ i I I I |: K \ I 1 1 >\ >|-t t . H i ! I .K | Vk vi is * i, ;
Harrison's army , that enabled it tn|uir>iie and capture tin- inl\ aim-, thai
waseaptnred during the \\ai.and in r-.t.i iiiu' I" n> hetimi an, I th.-ti.-i-
naviiMlimi nf the tipper lake-.
M> friends. \oii luxe read, and xmir fathei- hax, l>lil vmi.tln- Mm v "i
this Xictorx.. Yet from tin- lllliTc-,1 \ol| -IllI III. Illlli -I |i\ cmtl'l'.,' hi-|i-Hl
throii^im_ r multitudes, as uell as bx the .-\|,ic--cd \\ill ,,[ -mm- p!i->.-ni. an<l
nl' the press, it is apparent t hat \ mi u i>h tin- -.tm \ ;.. I,.- ii-|,,.at,-,| j.rl>al>I\
u itli t lie ilrMiv Ilia! MHI max hrivaliri ri-lati- it In \ i>m i-lni.ln-n a> .iniii^
I'mni a spfrtaliti ut tlir sn-in-. I uil! tlu-ii-i'mi- UMM- a Lin-i ~k. ;. |, ,.\ th,-
l.attlr.
I >liall nut ill-lain \mi \\ilh a i|i-->i-npl in "t Ihi- i -i in--: i MI 1 ! >ii an<l -i|iup
nil-lit, lillt n inilili'liri- \\llli HIM aill\al IH-II . l\\i-ii!\ ;i\i- .|a\-- lnIn|- tin-
ai-timi. and mir i-nii>inir in thai linn- ln-i\\i-i-n MaMm and *.ind u-k \ and
n-i-fi\ in^ r in-ar llir latti-r plai-r a \ iMt lYnni t n-n. I iai i !- >\i ai.d >mli-. pii-p.ii
I'r\ ID an attack mi Maldrn.
l-larlv in tin- iininiiiiu r "1 tin- M'th ..i xi-ptfiiil.i-r. I>1::. uhiN- \\.- lav a!
aiidim' in tin- lia\. a rr\ caini- li<'in lln- lua^l-lii-ad "^ail. \\'" \\] haiid^
It-aped I'rmn tlu-ii ln-rtli^. and in a ti-\\ ininiitt-^ tin- n\ ua> ii-pt-a'n-d. until
>i\ saiK \\i-rt- annminrrd. Signal ua- inadr in tin- -,|iiadi"!i 'IjH'im in
siiflit: L'l-t nndt-r ua> ." A nd >m>ii tin- linai'^c --mind \ 1 rniiipi-! and ^In ill
pipi- i >!' the boatswain ri->i iiindcd tlirmiuhiiut mn -.ipiadi < MI . u it h "all hainK
up anrlim . aliM\ !"
In passing out of thi> hav it was desirable to ^ r o in tin- left oi \midi-i i-l.-t .
lull on liriim notified b\ sailing-master 'l'a\lor thai adxn^i- \\nnl- \\oulc|
pn-vriit. tin- < 'miinindnri- replied: "(in. then. MT. in the ri^'ht; l<ii tin-, d a \ I
am deterniined In meet and liuht the i-nenix.
Tli en- were nine A merit -a 1 1 \ e>sels. i-arr\ ini; ">! unn-' and (tm men . and ^i \
IJritish vessels. earr\ inu ii." jri MIS and -"ill men.
At the I ii-ad of our line uere I In- Seoi-piuii. < a pt . 1 1 a in i >': i ! i . ,i i id \ i !!.
1 .lellt . 1'aeUet ; I n \ 1 . t he ll:iU-^ll i | ' 1 .a U feliee . < >| _'i ' U I i 1 1 -.!'. | , _',,_.,; h>- ; la U
slii|i Detmil . the ( 'aledmiia to li^lit the 1 1 iiniei : the N ia^ara. ! _'n uul ,,,;,,
ell^ra^e t he l^lleell < 'liai'lnt te; a lid ia->t I \ . I h I'ee Mlia !! \ e---'-|-- ! ' ji.t ! !: I .ad v
|'ro\ost. of I:; unn-. and I.MiN- I5ell.nl -uuii-. < >m ili-.-t :
at taeK I In- ein-iii\ . di-tanl . at I o <.',!, ,,-k . ahmit li \ mi ',< -.
The ( 'nllllliodnrc ]|o\\ plodliei-i| Mil ' -,;/... u| 1 1 L; 1 i ! ' I : _
c-ealed in tin- ^'nip. I; v\a^ in>eriliei| uitli lai^e uhii<- 'i-tl'- 1 - .-n .1 1-1. n
4rmind. legible thrmi^hniii the >i|iiadimi: "licN'r i.i\i i r 1111 Miir.'
1 lie last u m iK n| I lie expiring 1 .a u ri-in-e. and nnv, to lie hoi>tfd at ! In- ma--l
head nl the vessel bearing hi-> name.
A spifited appeal \va- made tn the ereu . and up v\eiil lie- !lau in ;in- tmt-
in\ al. amid hea it \ elieer-^ I hrmiLT limit 1 In- ^ipiadi'nn . and ; In dram 1 , a nd lite-
^t i nek up t he t hrillniL; smiml. "all hamK In i purler-.
The lulehe-. n| passage- \\ a \ s In the 'lei k-. Uele 1 1 o \\ , i .>ed . e\. c ptlli- .1
Miiall aperture I'-n mehe- Mpiaie. lhinii'_;h \\liieh l:uh' \ l .a-> ailmiltfd In the
-viirvreon'-' ri >mn . t > >\ n-eeis JIILT I he v\ minded . t In llnni . ; \\ h >< h \\ a- mi a V\ i !
\v it 1 1 the siirt'aee o! tin- lake, and exposing then, i.. . ..i.i.mi \>.t:\ a- noi'
i he\ \\ ere i 'II deck .
K xerx jireparatinn IH-HIL;" made, and c\i-:\ inai .1:
-ileiiee lelul'licd fur Inme [Kan ,il ( Imll' '.hi- -i i-t.i-
<>4 HIM i >KV
It was like tlu* stillness tliat precedes tlic liurricane. The Meet moved on
steadilv t ill a ipiarter before twelve o'clock, when tlic awful suspense was
relieved by a shot aimed at us from the Detroit, about one mile distant.
1'errv made more sail, and cominir within canister distance, opened a rapid
and destructive lire on the Detroit. The Caledonia, ('apt. Turner, followed
the Lawrence in gallant style: and the Ariel. Lieut. I'acket. and the Scor-
pion. Cajit. Champlin. fought nobly and effect ivelv .
The X iairara failing to irrapple with the ( v >ueen. the latter vessel shot ahead
to lire upon the Lawrence, and with the Detroit aimed their broadsides
exclusively upon her. hoping and intending to sink her. At last thev made
hei' a complete wreck: but. fortunately, the Commodore escaped without
injiirv.and stepping into a boat with his liirhtinir llair thrown over his
-lioulders. he pushed off for the Niagara amid a shower of cannon and
musket balls, and reached that vessel unscathed.
lie found her a fresh vessel, with onlv two. or at most three, persons
injured, ami i in medial el v sent her commander to hasten up t lie small vessels.
1'errv boarded the Niagara when she was abreast of the Lawrence, and
further from her than the Detroit was on her riyht. The Lawrence now
dropped astern and hauled down her Hair. I'erry turned the Niagara's
course towards the eiiemv . and crossing the bow of the Lawrence bore down
headforemost upon the enemv "s line, determined to break through it and
lake a rakinir position. The Detroit attempted to turn, so as to keep her
broadside to the Niagara, and avoid beiuir raked: hut in doing this, she felt
against the <,}ueeii. and got entangled in liei -rigging, which left the enemv
no alternative but to strike both ships. I'erry now shot further ahead, near
t he Lad v I'mv ost . which, from being crippled in her rudder, had drifted out
out of her place to leeward, and was pressing forward towards the head of
the British line to support the two ships. ( )ne broadside from the Niagara
^ilenced her bat terv . The Hunter next st ruck, and the two smaller vessels,
in attempting to escape, were overhauled bv the Scorpion. Capt. Champlin.
and 1 he Trip. Mr. Holdup: and t h us ended the action, after .'! o'clock.
Let us now advert fora moment to the scenes exhibited in the llag-ship
Law re nee. of which I can speak as an ev e-w it ness. The wounded began to
coiue i low n before she opened her bat terv . and for one. I felt impatient of
the delay. Iu proper time, however, as it proved, the dogs of war were let
loose from their leash, and it seemed as though heaven and earth were at
loggerheads. For more than two hours little could be heard but the deaf-
eniiiir thunder of our broadsides, the crash of the balls dashing through our
timbers, and the shrieks of the wounded. These were brought down faster
I hau I could attend to them, farther than to stav the bleeding, or suppoi't a
^haltered limb with splints, and pass them forward upon the berth-deck.
\\ hen the battle had raired an hour and a half. I heard a call for me at the
-mall skv-litrhl. and stepping towanls it. I ^aw the Commodore, whose
i-oiinlenance was as calm and placid as if on ord inarv dnt v . "Doctor." said
! ie. '->cud me one of \oiiriiieii.' mean inif one ot the six stationed with me
to a-ist in niov Inii' the wounded. In live minutes the call was repeated and
olieved. and at the seventh call I told him he had all mv men. He asked if
t here w ere an v ^i'-k ' 'i w on nded w ho could pull a rope, when two or t hree
craw led up \\ deck In lend a helpiim. but feeble, hand in pit Him;' at the las'
lolklH 01 II l\ < 1.1 I l:k.\lH>N M-} | i H <| I,K. |-\K-"N-. (,5
yuns. 'I'lic hard li^htin^ terminated al>oiit three o'clock. A- the -moke
cleared a\\a>. tin- two lied- \\eiv !'..iind iiinii:!-d lordlier, tin- -mall \. ---eU
having conic up t<> tin- other--. Thr -haltered |.a\s ivn< e. \\ in- 1 the \\ ind-
uard. \\a- once more ahle to hoi-t her !lau r . \\hich \\a> cheered \<\ a leu
feeble \oicf> on lioanl. making a iiidaiichoU -oimd compaied uit!, (1,.-
boi>teron- cheer- tlial preceded tin- battle.
The proud, though painful, duts ol taking pi.--e^ion o| tin- . ,.n>p,e! .-d
ships \\as no\\ performed. Tin- hdroit ua- m-ail\ di^iuatit ird. and tin-
df.t!'uct ion and carnau''' li^id ln-cn dn-adlul. 'l'h- (^ui-cn \\a-~. in condilion.
a lit t If IK -tic i'. " K\ c r\ I 'oiiiiiiandf i . and ^i-i-ond in roiuinand . ^a\ > I lai v|a\ .
in liis otlii-ial report. "ua> fitln-i' K illcd oi u oiindt-d." Tln-uho!.- nuinlici
killfd in the i;riti>h licet \\a^ l'ort> -one. and ot uoiind-d niiift% -loin . lii
tlif Anif ricaii licet. t\\fiit\ -M-VCII \\tTf killed and nine! \ ->i\ \\ i.nnded. < >i
tlif t \\fiit \ -x-Vf u killfd. t wen t\ -t\\i i \\eie on hoard the I .a u re nee; and ot' t lie
Ilillf tV-si\ \\ oiiiideil. >i\! \ -one \\ ere on lioard 1 hi> >aine >liip Inak i li 1 ^ f iiMit \ -
three killed and \\oiinded out of lul u-poMed lit lor dnt> on tlie I.a\M'i-iie-
uli the iiiiiniiliLT i>l' the hattlf. ( >n lioai'd the Niagara \\eie tuo killed and
t\\ ellt\ -tin ee \\ ol Hided making t \\ ell t \ -fl \ e; a I id of the^r. t U elit > -t \\ o U e]e
killed or \\oiinded after 1'ei'rx took eoniiiiand of her.
Alioiit t o'eloek a hoat \va- di>eo\ ei'ed a|iproarhinu r tin- l.aun-nee. Soon
the ( 'oinniodore \\as reeoLrni/fd in her. \\ho \\a> returning to resume i-om-
niand of hi> tatlered >hip. determined that the remnant oi her rivu ^hoidd
ha\ f the pri\ ileuM- of \\ it nosing the t'onnal surrender of tin- I',] it i^h oilier r-.
It \\ a> a tilne of eolllliet illir e Illot ion s U hen he stepped Upon the deck. The
liattle \\a-> \vi-n. and he \vas safe: hut the deck ua> ^lip|>ei-\ with Hood, and
>tre\\ed \sith the bodies of t\veiil> otlicer> and men. some of \\hoin -at at
table with us at our last meal, and the ship rebounded u ith the :_ r roan- of
the wounded. Those of us who were spared, and aMe to ualk. met him at
the iraiiL, r wa\ to \\eleoiue him on hoard, hut the salutation \sa- a silent one
on lioth sides not a \\ord could I'md utterance. And no\\ the 15riti-.li
otlice i's ai i i\ ed one from each \ eel to tender t heir siihmi-Mon. and \\ it h
it their swords. When the\ approached, picking their \\a> ainon\' the
wreck and carnage of the deck, \\ilh their >\\ 'ord-hilts to\\ aid- lVrr\.the\
tendei'ed them to 1 1 i- accept a nee. \V i l h a dignified and >oli'inn air. and u it h
a lo\\ tolie of \oice.he I'eiplested I hem to Iflaill their -idearill-: ilupnied
\\ith dff)i conrern for ( 'oinniodore Uarc|a\ and the \\oimded oilieer^.
It- nde rilrj; I" them e\ er\ conifoi I hi-- -hip al't'i >\ deil. and e\pre---in^ hi- i cuM'et
that lie had not a spare medical otlicer to -end ihem; that he had oiil\ one
on dut\ for tin- lied, and that one had hi- hand- full.
A Illon- the Ilillf t\ ->i\ \\ oimdfd. t here ocrlirred i hi ee deal h-. A ! i -lilt NII
favoral'h' u a- altrilnitahle tidhe plentiful -uppl\ "' H'e-h pi o\ i-'p >ii- -ent
olT to u- i roin t lie ( >hio shoiv. to fre-h an the u ..iinded l>i-iicj ranged nude;
an a\s ni iiu on ! he deck unt il \\ e arri\ ed a', |-!r;e. (en da\ - allei l lie aci ion:
alld. also, to t he c[e\ oted ai tent ioll of I 'i imiiiodol'e I 'el !'\ ' ' e\ el \ U allt .
ThoM- \\ ho \\ele killed in the I'a'ile \\ejr ih.ii i XelilliU ci.Inlllilleil to tin-
deep, and o\ i-r ; hem \\ a- i ead the impre--i v e I !p; -' OJM! -ei \ |i-e.
M 1 1 t h e I o 1 1 o \\ i n _;' m * < i n ; 1 1 u" the I u o licet-, -ailed 1 1 . ; 1 M \ . \\ h e i e t h i
-lain otlicer- nf hoth \\eie hurjed in an appi'opi ialr and alleetin-j; niannei'.
Tlie\ eoii-i.-ted of three American^ Lieutenant Hi < 'Is-, and in:d-hi|'iiien
(ih HISTORY or SKNFA'A rol'NTY.
Lynch and Clark: and three Mritish officers Captain Finis, and Lieutenant
Stokes, of the Colleen, and Lieutenant (iarland. of the Detroit. Equal
respect was shown to the slain of both nations, and the crews of both fleets
united in the ceremoiiN . The procession of boats, with two bands of music;
the slow and regular motion of the oars, striking in exact time with the
solemn notes of the dirge: the mournful waving of (lags, and sound of
minute guns from the ships, presented a striking contrast to the scenes of
two days before, when both the living and the dead, now forming this
solemn and fraternal train, were engaged in fierce and bloody strife, hurling
at each other the thunderbolts of war.
On the eighth day after the action, the Lawrence was dispatched to Krie
with the wounded, where we received a cordial welcome and kind hospitality.
The remainder of the vessels conveyed Harrison's army to Maiden, where
they found the public stores in llamcs. and Proctor, with his army, in hasty
r, -treat. Perry joined Harrison as a volunteer aid. who, with our troops.
chiefly from Ohio and Kentucky, overtook and captured the army. Perr\
then accompanied Harrison and Commodore Man-lay to Krie. where they
landed amid peals of cannon and shouts of the multitude, and from thence
proceeded to Rhode Island.
Commodore Perry served two years as commander of the -lava, taking
with him most of the survivors of the Lawrence. lie after this commanded
a squadron in the West Indies, where he died, in isp.i.
Possessed of high-toned morals, he was above the low dissipation and
sensuality too prevalent with some otlicers of this day. and in his domestic
character was a model of every domestic virtue and grace. His literary
acquirements were respectable, and his taste refined. He united the graces
of a manly beauty to a lion heart, a sound mind, a safe judgment, and a
firmness of purpose which nothing could shake.
Hut this intelligent audience already know and appreciate his noble
virtues and honor his glorious achievements. The maps of \our shores and
inland towns and counties are inscribed with his name: and the noble State
of Ohio, and the I'nited States are about to decorate the walls of their
respective capitols with splendid representations of the battle we are this
day commemorating.
My friends, in the name and behalf of the citi/ens of Rhode Island. I
tender you their grateful acknowledgements for the honor done that little
State on this interest ing occasion. She sent hither the commander of the
squadron, and a majority of the otlicers and men. Sheglories in the victory
gained, and regards the name and tame of her gallant son as one of her
choicest jewels, and \\ill ever cherish grateful sentiments towards those
\\lio respect and honor his memory. You have come hither, my friends, for
this hol\ purpose from all the cities of the lake shore, and are about to lay
'lie cornel- stone of a monument to perpetuate his memory and fame,
riionirh his name will outlive structures of marble, or of bron/.e. yet rest
assured that the citi/ens of Rhode Island \\ill hail with delight the report
of this da \ 's transact ions, and in their fnt nre western pilgrimages \s ill linger
about this ->pot and in\oke Heaxen's choicest blessings on \on in return for
> our LTenen HIS magnanimit \ .
Old companion^ in the conflict. I rejoice to see \oii and one
IHI1OH >! Jl I Y L Ft.KlikA 1 IN . >\t It siu\. <>-
\iiii I iy the hand, ami a nmre littiiii; occ.-isj.in than tin- present could hardl)
occur or lie conceived of. I it t In- da> s < >f urn >>iith we raim- l<> tiit- r-s. u-
of this lake, ami t<> assist in restoring peace t" tlu- frontier. A kind
1'rovidence has h-nirtln m-d mil mir da\s be\oml man's allotted p-i io.l of
existence, ami IIM\V. after a lapse <!' m-arl> halt" a centnr\. permits u- to
* revisit the place where important scenes Iran-piled in m i-arl> \t-ai^. ami
t<i unilf in i-fldirat inu r tin- virtur\ arhic\-il !> mir nnirh -|n\i-<l < ni!iiaiili-! .
\\'c jiiyt'ull> >ii!'\f\ tht- \\ iimlt-rt ill chaii^f-. ami ini|m>\ rim-nt-. that Iia\-
occuiTfil >incc the \\ar m' IS|L'. MulTalu \\a> tln-n a |iu|iiilins \ illani*. lut
soon after ;t lit'ap of ashes: Krir cc-nlaim-il Inn a >< n- ( .t' i|\\-llinu r ^; <'!%-
lami was a cluster of lnu r calun>: Samln>k> . tin- --aim-: Toleiln \\ a- M"\V In- re.
ami hetrnit in |iovsc>-.iun nf the i-m-ni\.aml imt a ^inirlf Anu-rifan vessel
uas li-t't nil the lakes ,.i; \shirh \ hoi^t mn >Iars ami -^tripes.
And what ilo \ve nn\v liehcilil V A population im-rea-ei| an hiimln-<l t'olil;
inaijiiilifent am! pros|icrniis citio; |i.t't\ ->|iin-> ami iloim-^ on t-nipli-> of
worship: colleges am I seminaries ot I earn iiiir: f\ten^i\ r cuniiin'i (: i.iilioails
di\ er^iiiLT and intersecting in all ilireetions: the white. mit>preail winii-' of
eoninierce u r liilinu r to ami fro. an<l freighted \\ it h t he exhaust li-^> |>rodm-t> of
the north and northwest a\e. and plon^hiiiLi' >on cr\-tal \\a\t---. once
shrouded in the smoke of our cannon, and erinisom-d \\ ith tin- Hood of our
coinpanioiis.
Old friends, we jiart to-day. prol>alil\ to meet m> more. (>ur nn-nioi i-> of
the pa^t. ami the happy experiences of thi> celebration, till our hearts \\ith
grateful and tender emotions, and will serve to ^ild the eveninir t\\ ili^ht of
our da\ s. I hi(| \ 011 an affect innate farewell.
.\l.i\nr Murkweather. ot" ( 'lc\ i-iaml. tlu-n ui.ulr a sliort sjn-i-di. Ilr
was t'ullnwi-il liy Jdslma l\. ( iiddini:-. I'. I'.ciliunc huttivld. l'.s ( |.. . .('
( i\ |:< i.\ KI ' I II I s I I \M I K i.'I I I N i I I \ .
\>r. I'shcr r.-irxitis pointrd oul iVom tlu -traiiu-r (Jm-cn ('ity. on lu-r
trip hotiH'wanl. witli thrrc iiilu'r -.ur\i\"ors MH Imaril. tlu- huahly when 1
ihr lire! li.n! cniiK 1 [<> anclmr a \\-\\- da\s lic-t'orr the i-n^a^cincnt. and
I'm-ii thrrc ^nns, .1 -i::na! pn-v;<iMsl\ a^rrni ii]xi!i lu-tucrn I 'nmuMilorc
I'cirv .iiid (it-n. llarrisdn. "'Ilu- m \! da\ " ^ai<l tin- ilm t> ir "(icn.
H^rri-ii'i. ami hi- >uitr. anmn,; wlmn] \\crr the ( rlrlir.itrd t ii \ .TIII r
M < A rthur anil I 1 < 'ii. I .vwi- ( 'a--, u ith .1 nu mi KT < >f 1 ::' 1 :.in hie!-. < .inn-
on hoard. ilrriKlu-i! with rain. llrrr wr rnrixci! t!u \->;;i;;ccr re; r;
I ( i r c e n H n t t r > i n i the a r i n \ . \ < 1 .1 \ > < ' ' \\ < . i : ; i r 1 1 u r > < i j '. : i < ! i ! I n. i , .
Harrison aiui -uitc. thr\ u ere -ahited \v.t! !'n 'i^'iai 'I'lmlu-r ' _'Mi-~.
l'hc\ sti mil. i!".nuu ill-- t inie. . MI the j'l d''i-:
loll ilrc- iinii'.rm. I ha\: r-vrr ,i n , ,
more tnaru.i 1 ! ^t.i!i >', ntin -r-~. \\ hi :i ;! : i !'ir:n_ i"j.i:i th< |!ii'.:an
br.i\ (.--" i i. ii L- '. In \'A . n i io'i!ii( riu k ! ;n t \\< >': . n thi < .:'
HISTORY OK SKNKCA COUNTY.
until it ceased. Their ears were not used to that kind of thunder."
The author took a very active part in this celebration, and must be
excused tor referring to it here, because it always seemed to him very
wrong that the plan of the association was not carried out. After all
these patriotic effusions of eloquence in prose and song, and these
thousands of people, with one voice, agreeing to erect the monument
oil Gibraltar rock, as then and theretofore contemplated that all this
should be set at defiance, and the plan frustrated by a few selfish men,
can not be succes>lully apologi/ed for. There is certainly no ir^ore
appropriate spot on earth fora monument to Perry and his braves than
right at the spot where the corner stone was laid at Gibraltar rock in
1858. If the present generation should fail to carry out the plan then
inaugurated in such glorious style, and with such high hopes of success,
may not a Mr. Jav C'ooke, with his acknowledged patriotism and his
wonderful recuperative powers, yet erect such a monument upon that
corner >tone that shall be worthy of the day and deed? While in the
/enith ot his fame Mr. Cooke built a palatial mansion near the corner
.stone, where it \vaslaidmore than 21 years ago. In this mansion many
ministers of the gospel throughout the land, tor several years, found and
enjoyed Mr. Cooke's hospitality, and made the acquaintance of the
superintendent. Mrs. McMcens, the distinguished Tiftmite. the widow
ot my late and lamented friend. Dr. McMeens. the efficient secretary
ot that monumental association." and who preserved the proceedings
of the loth day of September. 1858.
\\hatever became of the funds. I do not know, and would not have
anybody believe that improper use was ever made ot them: but one
thing I do know: That soon after that glorious inauguration, efforts
were made to build a monument to Perry in the public square at
Cleveland: that succeeded. I can never look at it. or think about it.
but feelings ot sadness pervade my whole being. If there is. in fact,
no wrong connected with it, it is certainly away irom home. \\ hy did
not the people of Sandusky. and of the islands, protest against the
robberv? \Vhydid Toledo and Detroit stand by and see this tiling
di >ne? Such is life!
CHAPTER III.
PEACK TREATIES k KSEK V ATIONS CESSIONS KM .GKANTS AKR ! VI NO WAkS
BETWEEN THE WYAND01 S AM) SENKCAS SPEECH Ol LOGAN LOGANS
DEATH
1 ' I A < ' I
A li' I nu ->m 1 1 ill- I >i ;!'! u it li lii-lMr^-ilr_'^ .ilnl 1 n-.i^l
1 ) ] ' 1 \ 1 -> i I 1 1 1 1 | > 1 a i 1 1 > 1 1 1 < ' < ! 1 1 1 1 1 1 ' i a a _; a i 1 1 .
ill annihilation !' llu- I'.rtMi
Till annihilation !' llu- I'.rtMi
of I>etn>it, and the utter u\rrtl
ann\ al the battle "!' the '1'haii;. -. iir< .-:^h: ; -i-.n e l< . ih. ;. .r'.!i\\ e>tcf!)
iVi.ntier. The iMiinilatinn \ < >lii" u .1- i^.iml.
At the ( -"in IU-MM Hi \\'a\ ne'> expeiliti'iii. ";:1\ I'i^litt-^ii \ ea- - j-reviini".
;l was ln;t t"i\ e tin >u>aml. The hat; le "i the 1 haine> : < M >k jil.n e ( i. : . .i ..-r
;. i,Si^. I'eace \va-> inaiU 1 at (ihent, in >\v!t/erlai-.ii. !ir;\\ee: % , t!u
I'nited States and (ireat I'.ritain. I >e< ember _vj. i M 4.
Alter the tail "t" Te< tnn-eh the linlian^ aliandnned aii hupe^ it"
arrotiim the atl\ancL-nl i i\ ili/atinn. and trilu- alter trilu- ev handed
;t- hunting -;r<"ind- I'nr r':i h annuities Irnni the I nited >tatr>. and
retired beyond the M:- ^ippi.
There was no ]'ennaneiit ^tatr < a]>:tal !n()lno belnre iSi.v ('hilli
i dthe ( ontimied to be the i apital // .until iSi . Tin -p. the ->tate
leui-^lafare met at 7ane-\:lle. In iSij th,- ii;.:]! bank";: the SrioM.
jp.st opiHi-ite l-'ranklinti 'ii. wa> -elei ted \>\ a < . iinnnttee . -I :hi
a , j ,,jt r mr th.e future < apital. ! ir.- re^:mi >\..- t!:eti an 'Milunken
wilderness. In I >e< ember, i X n>. 'h. ! iture nn-' :he:v T t!:e fir-I
;ime. The -i'e ;> "ii the -.mi-- [-ara!
-O H1STORV OK SKNKC'A COUNTY.
Senecas, Delawares. Shawnees, Potawatomies, ()tta\vas ami Chippewas
were represented in beluilt" of all the northwestern Indians. A treaty
was then and there concluded by which all the lands ot" the Indians
within the State of Ohio were ceded to the I'nited States forever. At
that time no white man had settled in Seneca count}'.
At this treaty the 1'nited States granted to the Senecas a tract of
land containing thirty thousand acres, lying upon the east side of, and
adjoining, the Sandusky river, mostly within the boundaries of what
now constitutes Seneca county. The chiets ot the Senecas, to whom
this cession was made, were Takawmadoaw, Captain Harris, Isahow-
masaw, Joseph. Tuwgyou, Captain Smith, Coffeehouse, Running-about
and \\ ipingstick.
At another treaty, held about one year thereafter by the same
commissioners in behalf of the United States and these Indians, at
the same place, ten thousand acres more were added to the Seneca
reservation, adjoining the other tract on the south, thus making the
whole reserve to contain forty thousand acres.
To the \Vyandots was ceded a tract twelve miles square, now in
\Vyamlot count}', and the southwest corner of Big Spring township, in
Seneca count}', about twelve square miles.
For further information concerning this Indian reservation on Big
Spring, see the documents:
DEI'MtTMEXT OF THE I. \TKKH Hi.
OFFICE OF INDIAN AFFAIRS.
WASHINGTON. MAY 11. isso.
\V. L.\N(;. FSI.I.. Titlin. Ohio -Sir:- I am in receipt, by reference from
the Commissioner of the (ieueral Land Otlice. of your letter, dated 7th of
.human, last, in which you state that yon have been informed that there
was an Indian reservation of about twelve square miles in the southwest
cornei- of Seneca county. Ohio; and. as you are writing a history of said
county, you desire to be informed as to whom it was made. You expressed
Hie opinion that it belonged to the Delawares.
In reply. I have to state that the second clause of the second article of the
Wyandot treaty of September 17. isls. 7 stat.. p. 17! . contains the following
stipulation, to-wit:
"That there shall be reserved for the use of the Wyandots residing at
Solomons-tow n. and on BlanchanFs fork, in addition to the reservation
before made, sixteen thousand acres of land, to be laid oil' in a square form
<>n the head of Blanchard's fork, the center of which shall be at the Big
Spring, on the trace leading from I'pper Sandusky to Fort Findlay."
This reservation was known as the Big Spring Indian reservation, and
was located in township 1 X. and 1 S.. range 1 and 1 N. and 1 S.. range l:;,
in < )hio.
IM>IA\ khsKKV A I lONs. ;i
It appt-ars t'n'in an rxamination ot" a iua|> tliat alxxil t\\o-tlnr.l-. >! tiii-
reservation \\a> situated in tin- southurst eorm-i of S-ni--a < <Mint\ . ami tin-
remainder south am! \\est tin-it-. if.
15\ the provisions i>t' tin- lirst artie|r,,f tin- \\">ainlot ln-at\ ,.f .lanuaiA I 1 '.
IN",:.'. 7 slat.. p. ;>'>l . tin- it-sri \ at ion svas e.-.lro! to tin- I mtr.l >tat-s.
VMM n-spcetfull> .
K. (:. TKOU muix.i:. r,,,,,,,,,-.*.,-,-,,,,;^;
Ipon the rc( eipt ot the foregoing letter. tin- writer hunted up tin-
law ceding this Hiu Spring n-M-rvatuMi to tin- I nitc.i Mate-., ami it is
adileil here asasurt nt" relii . M\ n\>\ tru-ii'l. l>r (,. \\ . S.inipMin,
who is still living, was OIK- of the witiu---r>.
.-/A'//r/./-:.v OF .K;A' /:/:. }//:. \ 7 .t.v/> co\i'/-:\r/o\
Mad? and i-,';/(7//.A './(// .!/.'( '///, //.-// ;///,. ('/,/;</, /,/ ,v/////i, i)/;>,>. ,<n //;,-
nitii'ft't'nt'i ././I r'/ '/'/////(//T. /rJ. /M ,/'/,/ /><! ;t',<-ii /';/'.-,, />'. (i,i>Jin<>.
u in
\\'m KI \>. The said band ui' \\'\ andut^ ha\ e !>ei oine :'ii!!\ <
that whiUt the\ remain in their |>rr>rnt situatiun in the state 'f Ohio.
in the vii init\ ! a \\hite population. whi< h :- eontiiriallv im-rea-iiiL;
and crowding around them. the\ ( an not pro-,p t -r and !>e h.a]>p\. and
the nioraU oi many ot their people will le da;l\ !<e< om:n_; more and
more \itiated. and understanding that the government ot the I nited
Slates i> willing to purchase tlie re>er\ at ion ot land on \\hi<h the\
reside, and tor that ]urpo^e have deputed the >a:d lame-, H. (i.irdiner
a> special commissioner to treat tor the < essioii ot the same:
7'ht-r,-fi,-. To effect the aforesaid ohjei ts. the said Chiefs. Headmen
and \\'arrio|-s. and the said lames 1!. (lardmer, hase this da\ entered
into and agreed upon the tollou ing artK les of i on\ etif.on :
AKIII i i I. The hand ot' \\'\andot> residing .it the Hig >pring. :n
tlie < ounty of ( 'rawford, and State of ( >hio. do hcret>\ !ore\ er cede
and reiiii'iuish to the I'nited Mates the reservation ot MI. a< res ot
land granted to them In the se< ond artiileoi the treats made at M.
Marv'.s on the i;th ot >eptemlier. i S i V uh.i h ^rant is ;n the toiiounig
\\oriU. to uit; "There shall lie reserved tor the -;-e .! the \\_\andots
residing at >olomon's to\\ n. on I'.laiK hard's t. >i k. sixteen thousand a< res
of land, to lie laid off in a xjuare torm, on the head oi l'.!an< hard's
fork, the (enter ot whiih sliall 1><- at the 1'-:^ Spring. "D :h.e p>ad ii-ad
ing from I'pper >an dusky to 1-ort I indlav ."
~2 HISTORY OK SKXI-X'A COUNTY.
AK iii LI II. The I'nited States stipulate with the said band of
U'yandots. that as soon as practicable after the ratification of this
treaty, the aforesaid tract of 16.000 acres shall be sun-eyed into sections
and put into market and sold in the ordinary manner of selling the
public lands of the I'nited States; and when the same shall be sold, or
as soon as any part thereof shall be disposed of, (be the price received
therefor, more or less.) there shall be paid to the chiefs, headmen and
warriors. si^niiiLC this treatv. tor the benefit of all the said band of
\Vyandots. the sum of one dollar and twenty-five cents per acre for
each and every acre so sold, or for sale. The said price shall be paid
in silver, and in current coin of the I'nited States.
AK 1 1 1 i.r; III. 1- or the improvements now made upon said reservation,
the I'nited States a^ree to pay a fair valuation in money, according to
the appraisement of Joseph MeCutcheon. l'.s<|.. (or such person as the
Secretary of \\ ar may depute ior that purpose, i and an appraiser to
be chosen by the baud of \Vyandots. .And in case the said appraisers
shall not be able to a.uree upon any of their valuations, they shall call
to their assistance some competent citi/en of the count} of Crawford.
Ak'iici.i. IV. There shall be reserved tor Koe-nu-nas, one of tin-
oldest chiefs of said band, one-half-section. to contain 320 acres, and
to include the improvements where he now lives.
AKIII'I.K V. It is expressly understood between the present contract-
ing parties, that the said band of \Vyandots may. as they think proper.
remove to Canada, or to the river Huron, in Michigan, where thev
own a reservation of land, or to any place they may obtain a ri^ht or
privilege from other Indians to i, r o.
ARTICLE VI. It was expressly agreed belore the sitting of this treaty
that that part of the fifth article relating to the ^rantin^ to the said
band of \\yandots' lands west ot the Mississippi, and every other
article in relation thereto is wholly null and void, and of no effect.
\|.;ii, LI. VII. Inasmuch ;is the band ot \\yandots herein treating
have separated themselves from the \Vyandots at I'ppcr Sanduskv and
on the Sandiisky |)lains. they ask of the general government that there
uiav be a spe< iai sub a^enl and protector appointed lor them while
thev remain in the Male of < >hio. and they respectfully recommend
Joseph McCutchcoti. Ksq.. of the countv of Crawford, as a fit ami
proper person to act in such capai ity : and : hat he may have the power
to emplov >u< h interpreter as he may think propel' in his intercourse
with said band.
The aton said arti< les of agreement shall be mutually binding' upon
IN1MAN KKsKKV.VI l< >NS.
the present contracting parties, when ratified by tin- President >:
t'niteil States. by ami with the < onsent of tlu- .-senate thereof.
I I: CAR I MM I;
K < 1 1 \ I N \ - . M \ I I M I \\ < i ! I \ I ', I
I '. i \ K S k I N . I - A A - I I K I \ I ) .
I Si! I \UAH.or |i '!i \ I >. I'.K. '.'. N.
I |i 'UN Si >] i i\h i\. ' Al I \ \M'I I ( I \Kkf
JOHN M, |.i \
[lone in the prcsem c ot ('. ('larkr. sei ret.in of 'hi ( .-m-i
(oseph M<( 'utcheon. |. I", in the < otmt\ nt I 'rawtord. <>h;o; |.ih
Ik-win. ls.ii hard k<-\ n. il.U. ( ' . \V. Sampson.
To tlu- Indian names are subjoined marks'
Iti the lii'st ilratt ot this treat}' provision \v is m.iiir tor the rf!n>.;
ol" the liaml west of the \1 !s-,i>s : .i ,j ,. Inn tl;,-\ rel'iise-l '.o .n ( cp: !
iirant of lanl. or to remo\e there, ami the aniiics !i.i\:n^ M'.iti
tliereto were aceorilin^l\ omitteii. It \\as therefore IH-I r--.ir\ 'o .,:
tlie sixth artii le: ami ;n umstaiK'es ihii not aiimit ol' time to rem">
ami i up} ihe u hole treaty. J. I'.. ( i \ K 1 > I \ I . |< .
Sj.ei ial < '..mm; .simier.
The tarts art that the hulians ^ot drunk, and it u.i- daiui-r-ni,
remain any hm^er amongst them.
The \\yamlots." ,a\'s Abliott. "were considered the bravest nl"
the Indian tribes." Sexeral nf their i hiets were men of hi_h mu
and reliuimis character. In the early oc< upation <>t ('anada b\ t
l-'reiii h, the ( 'at holies, with a spirit ol devotion and sell s.i, r:;ii e whii
has never been surpassed, established a mission tlu-re. T'm- fi
Protestant who preaehed to them was John Stewart, a m:;iatto. of ;
M eihodist i hnrch. The l\e\ . lames 1',. |- in lex . one oi natun-'s m ibleme
established a Methodist mission here and or.: ini/ed a sel-.oo',. Uetwee
the 1 o ,^'s . ,i \\ \ a n 1 1 o t i diet, became > : : i ; ' i i e ! e b :M ! e > 1 : r . i . 1 i e r . I ! :
built a la !'_;< mission liou^e a -ii'' 1 : ff'iisj'h,<
S a m b i s k \ . ! ' u , i s . . t s . , ; \ ( . a 1 1 d a \ r \ - ; '; i a : . ' t i s ;;.: p . \
This .li/iiii "s. >!i>m( in a!'!rr\\ ai i|s a!!:if|ii-ii liiiiisfif ;,, \\\,- inaili t!;l>i-
\V\;iinl"ls a! I'j'i'ii' ^aii'liisk\. aii'l liiuM'il t.. tlir urs; \\Mii Jin-m. I
i rt u run i v\ i; li his s,|na\\ to \\ \ ainh'i .1 t'i-\\ \ ra: s a|-!cr. an.|
in llic liliir "I ills ilraill. \\llirll iiri-lll |ri| 111 Is7s ||,. \ Nil , |.|, s
piiiiu-fis' pie-nil- in >lineli's \\nmU. , in I l>iif\ i-n-i !\. m I-M n tn\\ ii
1 In- ill's! i|a\ nl >fiilfiiiln-r. 1^77. a i n I I ; im i a! ';< < I ii|u-!i l"i' a s|n-n li.
on In tin- -tainl anil rdatfil. in \i-r\ lirnki-n I '.Mulish, an an-nniit
hunt. Ili- v. as a tall ami iii 'lilr Im.Kiii- man. Ills s.puu is -,'.<.]] !i\ :
74 HISTORY OK SEN'KCA COUNTY.
people of Upper Sandusky have not kept it in repair as a hind-mark of
the historic past I The roof lias fallen in, and there is nothing left of
it but the stone walls.
Sum-mun-de-wat. another Christian chief, was brutally murdered by
some miscreant white men, who enjoyed his hospitality. I speak of
him. especially, because this chief was very well known and respected
by the early settlers of Seneca county. Me was a special friend of
our lamented townsman, l)r. Kuhn.
At a treaty held at Washington City, on the 2(;th day of February.
1831, the United States were represented by Mr. James B. Gardiner,
and the Senecas by Coonstick, Seneca Steel, Captain (iood-hunter.
Hard-hickory and Small-cloud-Spicer, their chiefs, George Herrin
acted as interpreter. (Jen. Henry C. Bresh was sub-agent. At this
treaty the Senecas sold their whole reservation to the United States,
with full authority to sell the same. The proceeds were to be placed
in funded stock at five per cent, interest, which was to be paid to the
Senecas as an annuity, after deducting the cost of building for the
latter a saw mill and a grist mill near Green Springs. They were to
have, also, 70.000 acres northwest of the State of Arkansas, on the
Neosho and Cowskin rivers, and ninety miles from Fort Gibson .
The \Vyandots ceded their reservation to the United States in 1842.
At this cession the last toot ot soil in Ohio passed away from the red
man to the race that conquers the world the Caucasian.
Immigrants who crossed the mountains and descended ami settled in
the Ohio valley, usually brought with them their household goods, and
their flocks of sheep, their horses and cattle. Thev crossed the moun-
tains in large wagons, and drove their (locks before them. On reaching
the Ohio river they put all on board o! flat-boats and descended the
river to their places of destination. But when emigration began to
set in for northwestern Ohio, the emigrants had to find their wav
through a dense torest, as best they could. There were no roads open,
and no bridges across any of the numerous creeks and rivers with
which this northwestern part ot Ohio abounds. There were immense
swamps on both sides of the Sandusky, and along all its tributaries.
Farther west and north the country was almost one continuous,
immense swamp as tar north as. tin: Maumee, and west to Indiana, and
far into that state. The soil was very rich, it must be admitted, and
the farmer well knew that as soon as the water and the tores! were
conquered, the soil would eventually reward him for his toil. But to
subdue these and become master ot the situation required almost
super-human power, the most patient fortitude, heroic courage, untiring
perse\ eram e. ^reat sell denial and hard laboi . without rew.itd.m !i
of reward, tor a lonj; time io i .uue
The British and Indian toes \\e:e subdued and t n.jueu-d. but i\,,\\
there were other toes to < on, pier, not onl\ the liest> ami the s^.mii.s
and other tasks inevitable, but diseases m. ident to tiontiei hie. . in ,j
especially those that attended the lite in the \vood> \Ian\ ..i th,
settlers ot. and emigrants to. the \alle\ ot the vindusk \ . who . .im,
from the states ot New \ oik. l'enns\ 1\ ania. Mar\ land, New |<ise\ an,|
Virginia: and. also, some tiom lieland. Name and < MT main , w ere in
comfortable < ir umstam es. and attei ha\ MIL; paid t<u then land, most|\
entered, or bought at government pru es. had some imuu\ hit, am!
were somewhat prepared tor emergent ies, but b\ lai the largest number
of them expended their last dollar io pa\ toi their land, and then
trusted to Providence, their iron will and stion^ aims, tot sm i es>
'1'hose that (ame b\ the wa\ ot Lake l.ne had t<i eiu cuinter the tiui -!
as soon as thc\ ton< hed the shore Those that . ame o\, i the m,nm
tains b\ wa\ ot I'ittsbiiru. had to make then wa\ thiou/li the j,,|, ^
almost t'rom the time they i rossed the < )lno ruei It \\ a s the same
wa\ with those \\lio i ame (roin the south Niithm.; but lue-t as sonri
as the\ left the settlements on tin >< io|o, the \l u -k in jum. . u t he ( , r , . t :
Miami. e\i ept the Sar iiisk\ plants I he wa\ thiou^h the wood- wa.
marked by < utt mi; a piece ot bar k ! i om a tree a . In..; a-, a man's hand,
about five or si\ teet trom the ui'Mind. and mi both >ide- n| the tree
Then. b\ < utliiiL; awa\ the iinderbriish and iem>>s m^' talhui timlier. a
wa^on traik was openeil b\ u Hiding around betu een i he ti ees ( hii-
or two men. with then axes, would walk ahead m the t, nn. bla/e :h,
trees and reiin ve i ibstrm t ioiis.
In the absem e of a i oni|)ass, on a i loud\ da\ . i he i out se ea ,t and
west, as well as north and south, was (cm ml b\ 'ib,e!\m,; tin moss mi
\
the trees, whn h always j( row . mo ,i protu >el\ > >n tin n> u t h .;<\<- \\ hen
the team < ame to a stream it w a . I'ttiui \er\ ticiubh .oine 1.1 i r,i,^
I'alleii trees, brush and drill wood had .el the watei ba< k and ii annned
the stream. Then a i ros >ni- had to I tound I <\ di \ ;n;- up . u . |, ,\\ (
the stream, and < uttin^ a toad. a. it be. ame in-i . at\ I inalU. th.
land, or tr.n t ot land, that had been b<i..ht. oj \\ a .oon t., be pm
< hased, w .is tound. and a halt order e 1 I ho e thai ,
1 1 , have t h e 1 1 o w n t e a 1 1 1 s we n 1 1 1 ! i . but 1 1 1 1 ' i a n t . 1 1 1 1 1 I . i o j , e . u h o I . , , j
hired lean is a! < 'h--. eland, >amlu k v . I ' a v - .n m I '.M b ,r . t. . bnn/ then,
here, were h'lt in the wood, and th. team n k II ., ,
the emigrant . .. ,'h h,s w it.- and i hiidi - r
a tew i ook;n_' Uteii>i U. vet \ !. " .
"6 HISTORY OF SKNKCA COUNTY.
saw. iron wedges, sonic carpenter tools, a gun, some ammunition, and.
best of all a will. A tew poles leaned against a large tree, and brushes
thrown upon the poles, soon made a roof and a shelter. Two forks
driven into the ground about five feet apart, and a pole laid upon the
locks, would be sufficient to suspend a small iron kettle in which the
meal could be cooked. Life in the woods had commenced.
Very tew people had come as far as the Sandusky river before the
land sales, as the sales of the government lands were called. The
Senecas, as has already been stated, owned 40.000 acres, mostly in the
present limits of Seneca count), and the U'yandots twelve miles square
immediately south ot the Senecas. which tracts, ot course, were not in
market. Some men left their families in the settlements and came to
the Sandusky valley on toot or on horseback, on a sort of an exploring
expedition, prospecting and looking up tracts that suited them, then
return and bring the family, or go to Delaware, make an entry, and
then return and start with the family. lie fore the land sales, however,
and up to the year 1X20. a very tew tamilies had located between these
reservation-^. Those who settled along the banks of the Sandusky, will
all be named, and as near as possible described in these pages.
The \Vyandot Indians had a tradition as to the history of their tribe
that located their ancestors north ot the St. Lawrence, where their
wigwams were spread along the I'tiwas down to L'oon lake, and to the
mouth of the gulf. They were then known as the Hurons. and their
country they called Cu-none-tat-tia. The Senecas. who were also a
large tribe, occupied a large tract of country south of the St. Lawrence.
How it came that the Hurons changed their name to \Vvandot is not
known nor is it material.
Nor is it worth investigating whv a (Ireek name Seneca was ever
given to a tribe of American savages.
A legend about a war between these two tribes, preserved by tradi-
tion, of course, may not be out of place here, for the dwellers of the
vallex of Sanduskv river occupy the last hunting grounds of these
tribes east of the Mississippi river.
A man of the Hun>r.s -as the stor\ goes wanted a certain squaw
for his wife, but she objected, and s;iid that her wooer had never taken
am -caljis ili.i; he was no warrior. I o remove this objection to hi>
suit, he raised a small war-party, and in their hunt tor scalps, tell upon
a party of Senecas and killed and scalped some ot them.
Thi- caused a war between the two tribes that Listed more than a
centurv. and which they supposed was fuli\ a hundred winters before
the French came to (Quebec. P>oth tribes were greatly wasted in the
\V.\k 1:I1W1KN IHK si M. ( AS ANI> US.\M>1>
contest. They often made pca< e. but tlu- hist opportuu
< as had to take advantage oi the Huron>. the\ would dcs
could -men, women and < Inldren.
The \\yandots, fcarin-, tlu- danger it" be;n_; ciitirclv e
concluded to lease their homes ' >i\ the >;. I ,r,\ rei.cc, .i::d _;
we^t. Thc\ made their csi ape tn ti:e upp
settled in >e\eral villages in ;h,e \ ii inity
years the Seneeas raised a war part\. tui'.>\\ed tt:i- \\\.u:'i'it> : '.};-. r
new lionies. dest r> ived itne "I tl'.eir v;lla.4i-s, k'i'
\\ yandot>, and returned. This w.t- -nnie time Iftm-i- the India:;- h.id
any knowledge <>t tire amis or 41111 powder. Thi-:r ;inj '.t-tm-nis n! \\.ir
< unsifted oi ho\\->. arrou-, and th.e warilnli: als... a uar a\e. whuii
was a stone < lit to an ed^e on one side or end. a 'ifoad. il.it \>.\l\ at
the other end. and near which a ^r<>o\e was made aro-:;i.[ '.!;c ^roi.e ;, (
receive the thin end of the handle. whi< h wa^ bent inln'.hc _:"o\c %l nil
tasteiied with a string <'ut out ot a raw hide.
Soon after this the 1'remh laid out and Iniilt ijuehei . ami
trade with the Imlians; >u|'|i!ied them witli. and inst ; --\> \< d them :n
the Use ot. ni'e-anns and various other instruments. I he >r:;ci .1^.
leelin^ themselves proficient in the Use oi lire amis, made uj. a war
]iart\ against the \\'\ andots at the upper lakes. The\ lameujum them
in the niirht. tired into their lints and terrified them exc eed;n_;i\ . I he
\\'yandots thought it wa> li-htnin^ and thunder. l>ut resisted the Si-ne
< as and drove them away. A tew \ears later the Senei as made a tlurd
atta<k upon the \V\andot settlements, and took nearlv all of them;
but it so happened that at that time the yo'i!i_; men were all en^aued
in a war with the V<>\ Indians alon- the Mississippi. The tew that the
Seneeas had n.tt killed agreed to -i\e up resist, UK e. refirn \\ith tlieir
( onipieroi's and become one people. It \\.is agreed tli.f. the ^eliei .is
would wait two days to -i\e the \\ vandoN time to - ( : read\ . i oliei t
tlieir L.OOI Is. -et into their anocs and join tlu tn on :l;e m. .rnin_; : tin-
day at a point where the Sei'.ei as had _o-:e to \\a: I h. -.-\
had a LMMP.d d nn e during the n;_h:.
Meantime, th.e \\'\" andots had s, p,: \\, ,rd. : "t!:i h : \ :lla_' s.
which the Senei as had not d;-"::l Tl': \ rivi'V. i . 'it .,< tin'!,
o -o i'o
7S HISTORY OK SKXKCA COl'NTY.
the dance until near the break of day, and being tired, laid down and
soon fell asleep. Then the \Vyandots fell upon their sleeping foes and
killed all of them. Not one was left to tell the tale of destruction.
This ended the war for many years.
Now the French supplied the Wyandots with guns, also. At length .
mother war broke out between these tribes. Hoth parties met in their
( anoes. on lake Krie, and the Senecas lost every man engaged. The
Wyandots themselves were so badly exhausted that they allowed the
( anoes of the Senecas to float on the water, while they hastened to the
shore. Thus ended this war. and the last trouble between the two
tribes.
After that the Wyandots came with their canoes to the mouth of the
Sandusky river, and took possession of its entire valley. They built
their towns along its banks and tributaries, and up into the plains.
There is neither history nor tradition of any note about them until the
outbreak of the revolutionary war, when they perpetrated their infa-
mous depredations along the back counties of Pennsylvania and
Virginia particularly those of Washington, Vougiogheny and West-
moreland.
It was the depredations of the Wyandots that caused the various
expeditions against western Indians, and especially that of Crawford.
Nearly all these failed, and the savages were never properly chastised
until (Jen. Wayne came down upon them. From the peace at Green-
ville until the war of 1812. there was no trouble with the Indians on
the frontier. During this war the Wyandots, Shawnees and Senecas
remained friendly to the United States. The deaths ot Tecumseh and
liis brother. The Prophet, and their defeat on the Thames destroyed
their power in the northwest forever.
Lewis Cass and Duncan McArthur. as commissioners of the t'nited
States, on the one pan. and the sachems, chiefs and warriors of the
Wyandots. Senecas. Delawares. Shawnees. Potawatomies, Ottawas and
Chippewas, on the other part, held at the foot of the rapids of the
Miami, of lake Lrie. on the :roth day of September. 1X17, a treaty,
wherein all the lands of thc-e Indians in Ohio parsed over to the
1'nited States. At thi- time there wa^ not a single white settler within
the present limits ot Seneca county.
At this treaty the 1'nited State- granted to Takawmadoaw, ('aptain
Harri^. l>ahowmasaw. In-t-ph. Tawgyou. ('aptain Smith. Coffeehouse,
Kunn:ng-abut and Wipmg-tirk. chief- of the Seneca tribe. 30.000
.u re- adjoining the Sar,dn<ky river, on the ea-t -ide. mo-tly within the
present ii'nit- of Sene< a <<iuntv. At a -ub-e-'jiient treatv. vi/ : Sep-
tcmln-r 17. iSiS. 10.000 .n n- \\ru- .ii'.tU.i
.iUiTU.ii>!- known .1- ilu ^> :-.i-i .\ Ki -! \ .ili.'ii
riKTi'upoM. this tiMHiKiu; -! -i \oi.i! tii!>
others. s;u h .1-- l'.i\ii:;.is. \l !'. k -. i Mil -HI i.i., i
.Ulii^ Mu-.ti.ls, sr;;iril ".]>. Ml th : IS I u-;.,.t--|
ill nutnluT. I 'he 1 1' w .is :i. <! !'.> i * tu - i .inii MI^ -.1 ilu-in
Mtliou-s \\etv o! i-;n.i'.l\ ( i\ ;;... is. .iin! tin;! <!:-<! \\.i- |.. :i \'t.t
the murder iM I itMn' l.innix . tin \l n_. . - .i'!i i < < I un-
til C Hi >n!)\V I'st.
I h(.-;r huntiMu ^inuiitis \\c-i .tlun^ ilu
< Mrnt.inuv, anil s ( .im Sciu-< i i lut t .;.. r. ,n. .in: ' \ : " I '
( lu Id i fii \\ i' i r raided < >u t he u 1 MI K . I i.i \ !i.i I MI i | .!!!- ; i i 1
\[ t IK' Mine nl ihf tu\it\ l!n-\ h.ni i . -in rsi! I .tin! .il-'iu ' ''..ink..-!
I lu- S.iiu!usk\..uul tin- tfI mii'iix "t .1 ^m, . .1 . h,< t. \\ I , . k: . n I -j;.in
\\rll. | ii'i i\ r-- tin l.u t tli.it 1 - >.;.m s| u-nt In- I.i-.; - i.i \ - -i| - m : ' .
!K' S.iiiilii->k\ i i\ r! .
Tin- I'l.u o \\luTv- llic t rlt-ln .ilt-il s|., , , 1, ,.i I , ; .HI .1 .
.Ill I nti'I | 'I clci . si-ntt ni r l'\ scilti'in i . \\.i Minli i .1 IM i -i \ i n 1111
-.until ul ( 'ii i U-\ illt -. I i':;. in hnl uln-.nl in imn .1 i "iiun
I 1 (. ' . 1 1 ( . ! I ( ' I r Is | | ) ( s | n; r i 1 1
"I ;i|i|ic;il ti' .11 1 \ \\ III If M 1. 1) i I - ' -.1 \ 1 1 In- f\ i- 1 ruin n| I .ii'/.iii .1 ,il-i ii 1 1 n i ii. 1 1 \
ami lie i^;i\f linn nut MUM!: it In- i .inn- n.iki-'l .IIH! i i>lil .iinl I i li-lln-il lnm
iinl . 1 Ml riii L' t lie last 1 1 in:; .1 ml M \\ \\ .11 I .M'..'.III i i-iu.n m-'l nl Ii i n liisc.il.ii,
,in ails i n-.it c 1 1 ' I pi MIT. xi|, 1 1 \\ a s in\, 1 1 1\ r h M I In- \\ In 1 1- - 1 1 1. 1 1 in \ i i HI nl i \
1 1 n 'I i. as t lir\ passcil 1 1 ic. s;ni I I .MLMII is l In 1 1 n ml . i| 1 In whiles I li.nl
1 h 1 1 u L. r 1 1 1 ' 1 1 I i \ 1 1 1 u r a 1 1 1 1 ' n _: s i > 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 > i 1 1 1 i n 1 1 1 1 1 I "inm.iii t - - ! < 1 1 . 1 1
last >|iiinu'. in ri.lil III I ami u n \<\ n\ < >ki >l in u i '! i > -I .ill lln- n-l.ili-'ii "I
I .n^aii . ni >t spa l i IIL' f\ i'ii in \ w i iini'ii ami ilu lili i'ii I In i > inn m ! i -m -I i -|>
nl in\ lilnnil in tin- \-nis ii| aii\ lisiii 1 . 1 i-n-aliiii I hi i.illnl nil mi- l"i
ri-\rllL r l-. I lia\r snii-jhl |1. | li.l\r I.illnl lu.ll,\ I li.|\l |l|l!\ ^Illltnl in 1 -
\ I'litTfaili-f. I'i'l lll\ nillllll\ I lc|n|ii' III lln In .tin ..| |n .11 i I'.u! 'I" li"^
I iai'1 MIT tin- tin n mil I thai ii 1 1 in- i l In- |..\ - .1 Mai I .. . MI. m . . i ! ! i I- ,i< II-
\\ ill Iinl 1 III || ii|| In - hi -I ! t-i -.IM III I ill' \\ h-i i Ihrli 1-. lin-ill I, I--- I ...
I ' 1 1 s i i ! r M 1 1 1 1 1 1 i i 1 1 I.i
i in i \ i 1 1. 1 i 'u n_'< ! In ,\ I.. '. ' I i '
. . ! 1 1 1 \ 1 1 1 1 1 1 i i 1 1 1 i 1 1 - i , ' . . i i ' . . . I '
... ,,,,'HI-,,, ., .,,,;. ,.., ,,. i
So HISTORY 01 SKXECA COUNTY.
"lie. left, dt' all m\ tribe.
Nor man. nor rbild. ntr tiling of living birth:
\i>. not the dog tliat watched my household lu-artli
Kscaped that nighl <>1 blood upon our plains.
All perished. 1 alone am left mi earth !
To whom not relative nor blood remains %
No. not a kindred drop that runs in human veins."
The fate of I.ogan was a very sad one. His last years were mclan-
cholv in the extreme. Homeless, childless, friendless he wandered
about, from tribe to tribe, with never a smile, and apparently without a
joy. His friends were all dead, his tribe dwindled away, and. in his
great dejection, he resorted to the fatal stimulus of strong drink. lie
was at last murdered by an Indian. I.ogan was sitting bv the cam])
fire, silently musing, with his blanket over his head, his elbows upon
his knees and his head upon his hands. An Indian, influenced bv
some unknown motive of revenge, stealthily approached him from
behind and buried his tomahawk in his brain. Thus fell this unfor-
tunate chieftain the last of his race.
ifrjtf&jmL&mtm
5
9
CGL'NLll. VVI1H INDIANS HAKK'SONs sl'M-Oi liAKKiso.N A i lok: MNl.^.
CKOGHAN S DKFhNSK O I- MAkKMSON HI I- K JAtKK 1 s I".. AN iO .'
S1NATK HAKK1SON HI. U K j AL K 1 . 1 S 1 ) !. A 1 i i AKMV KOAlJS I lioV- ..*> LOI
WIN ANKCUOII. OJ LOKWIN SKI. i^M.I.S Ul j A Y I-. M VON U.I) V J. k Y AN!
JAMES T. WOK i H!NG 1 ON
A I '.
(i
'.( t I ilu- lirs! ..i Ju!\ . I.M ;.
ni.i iic i lit i , i -i). 1 1 .1 IT i >n. i
'k ni tlu >.uiilu-k\ r:\i-r. \\;;h:n
>rlK'( .1.
I: \va> >it!Kitc(i U]H >n a ii.uik. aln ''i: i
r,\ cr. c li !. ; tin.- i>l(! arm\ i'< >.\<\. .'.ml
,!i>i>yt OIK' aini oiu- hall acre- d unxi
inriii n! a -Miiarr. ^urru'.ir.iK-il \<\ >\( kr 1 ,-
the 1 >.',. i',\ .,!,-, \\ \ ,i> d> >ts. Sha\\nees and Seneeas tiring represented.
He ;;t. . the ncccssin ')! taking a decided stand in the
A.ir \\ : i,:,a- l'>i ;:ain. and -a\ \\hether the\ wort.' in lavor ot. or
.i-.iir. I niicd .-.ites; thai tin- Preside!!! u i-hed in i false friends:
ili.i; ;!; ipo-iiiouot I'roi lor to exchange the Kcntuck) militia tor
:d:\ uiil! us. indicated that "he had received MMUC hint of
ilu:: v .!!i:i_" --s to :ake up the tomahawk against u>: thai to^ive the
( mild M.it'-s a pro,.f oi ilii-ir -ood di->po>ition. tlu-\ IUUNI remove
i\i!h tlu-ir l.i'iiiiir-- into tl;r inlrrior. or tin 1 \s'arrior> mn-t accompanx
!i:in :n the i-H'sn;n^ i ampai^n. and il^hi for the I nited States. To the
n;rr pro[ni-i; ion ihi < hi el's and \\arrior-> unanimon->ly a^rei-d. and said
1 1 u \ had i ; i , i ; > \ i < > . i - ' o r a n i 1 1 \ i l a 1 1 o n to 1 1 _; 1 1 1 lor t he A m e r i ( a n > .
I 'arhe:-. ;:. rV Ir.dian in the %\ extern (oiintr\.uho n-pre~.ented all
the tr.lu -. pro!"e->-<^d in 'heir name the most indissnluhli. 1 Irieiidship lor
tlie I in!ed Sr.iti- ( I eii. Ilarri-on then told them that he would h-f
them knois \\hen tliev \\'oulii In- wanted in the service, and ^aid to
i iii MI : " I !;it \ ou mu^t c oil! on n to i in r mod i' ol wart a re. N on are not
'.'i k M! lirieti^e > pri-oiji -ix. old men. women or < hildren." 1 I e aiidrd
that ;.\ the:r i oiidni ! he would Ue ;;hle to t: II wheth.er the Uutish
Ao-ii'l restrain the Indian- from such horrible i nielty. l-'or. it the
Indian^ <\^}.' : ; _; \\\:}\ 1 1 1 n i \v o 1 1 1 < 1 t o r 1 ie a r sin h i o 1 1 d 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 would p r o \ r
that thi i'.r.t ', -;: i ouid ;iUo -r-; rain theiix IT the\ wi-lu-d to do so. II,-
'n 'ini' 'p >! -1 \ loli; ;!u-ni ilia; he had been intorined ol ( leii. I'roitor's
p.""i!:.-,- ;.. |.;m '}].,, [lie hands o| '|',- ( -iir-rh. !o lie treated .1-
' h it w : n . <; i', :' ! . j >;-< <\ ']<]< d he. I'ro, ;-.;-. >i ice ceded at l p 'ort
\1 - "N '..,.' ! ' - > -';i : . i i i P; : .1 k .n _: I ';-oi ' M;\ \ i >; -,li., | ! h.i\ e !'. . in
<' < '.' . ; ' ' \ nn '.\ . '. i i^ree ' o '. re i ' : i ; ii! as a -, j uau . and
':,-'- ii. i i o\\ | '-, i v\ 110 Would kill
i : 1 1 i ,i n .-i ii 1 1 1 1 : I ie : wee! i rroci or and
\ clue -it. I e ! he b.l' Me i il 'l'i|'pe
: i'r< 'i loi- .:_;' eed." - ,\ s I )au s, ,\}. --[\\.\\
_i.: .1' 1 . pp.'- .HI, " sh, e;]. i be _1\ ell Up
\1 .1 ;i ' l! i '. i -i i r! ,1 ' 1,1 d ihe -.ame lai Is
::.i:.~. \ : , . ' ', \ , -. a! -o. pn >: <* the o! her
ided ! o \ -. j'.i : i i ; s | irolilise made 1 o
alarm, n'lunu'tl to I o \vrr Samlii.k\ . on ;h
lollow i;u ti.iv he set out lor < 'lev rlami to -,
the li!i;ii!:n^ o| !ioat> ;. trail, 1 ..!' 1 ! ihi arms
Ccii. llarr!,..M rctnrm-.l :,, 1 ,.v\,-r >.in'!j|$ .
iar-e i.o.tv ,,i lm:;an, li.i-l :. -rn - -:. |. 1^:11.;
that i ! \\ a , . ! 1 1 \ a ' . : n ' a n 1 ' i i , i ! t ! i . ! V a i . . ! > \
-nrpri-c I-'. >rt >(.-]. lirii-M >n or ( 'lev elaii'l. II.-
lK-a,l.|uartcr- to 1 ,,r >,-M,-, i. n
a MM IT! r.. .', to ;! n ii,-! ..: I -:' \I, i . i'
n ua> u-tt. a- .'.iiva* :\ -tatoi.a: [-. .r; > .i-jiin-n>.o
i\t\ M!i-M. Tliriv urn th.-n a',)oiit ->i\ iriml. 1 '.
' r. r too -.mail to a--i->; l-'orl \Iri_:-. ( .-
I larri-on'^ an; 1. ipat;on> j ,r. >\ .-. ! loin- . orn-t t. Tlu- rm.-in\ nmvi-<l n|r
< Jrn. I 1 ari M MI, a-- rarlv a- tin- . i >t o; \|iril. in a I'-ttrr '" 'lie ><< r
tarv .it \\.ii'. ^]K.iki!i_; oi the opi-r.it ioii> ol tin- . ani|i.i:^:i. ''ili:
n-nal ar.tl \\ omiiTlul -a^arity. remark >.-tl: "I -li.iil . au-->- the nio\ r'.m
t tl; i- i- ni-iii v to In- nar row 1\ \\ it. lir.l : inn in tin- i-v vni o; tln-ir lam hi
at li an i-v i-nt. to !K- r\ a< uate.l. 'I In- ston--> tlu-fr arc not ot nr
o n ->c. j u i n . r . i \ i i j 1 1 ; 1 1 :; a 1 >o u t 1 1 v i 1 . ; 1 1 1 . 1 r r . 1 , ! a m 1 . > I a r i n - . u 1 r . ! ! 1 > 1
. aii->r to 1 H- rcino\ c> 1 a, >oon a-- I lie roa.U arc |ira. t i. ali'c ; a; [.IVM
it i > i in ] '. '--- . ! i!i ." llit'M- arm-> ucrc --M!I->C. MICMI 1 \ . an.' i>c!.'r-i
'i.Utlc. lake;, av,.i\. (Icn. lla:r:-o!! \s a> !i;!!v <\\\.i.
ni;i-' 'u a iia:.. \> -n.-.l am: iuirnci i. j,r. ,\ '.,\, , ! a f. ' : - a ' .-.'.' i M< .
svilli -.ilvVxJ
I Ii \l nor ( ,- ,- rV, . I 1 . '
ri.ereiipon. .iii'i immediately, tin- order was despatched t
< '""_'::. in in ';< i\ .-. .1- alrc.uh -taled.
'' \\li.u ha- a!read\ been -aid of tin. 1 battle oi Fort Su
i-t m. .nil i t ini. I I am -on'- reiat inn t hereto, u -lion Id IK- remembered
wer> onb about N . troop- ,11 For; Seneca. < >ne filth (> t
> were i i\air\ and the remainder ra\s militia. To have marched
n i'i \ ], i- ; : me- thei r number. \\ i:h thc-e trudps. \v> mid. in ai'
: ' i' i ai ' ii 1 \ . li.ur I'r^'ilU'd ;n di^a^ter. i'liciv \\TI\' then. also.
i-.; and i":l':\ -;\ -Miidier> at |-'<iri Me|iliei)Min. and to leave
inei'i \ i'i Mie tomahawk-;. wa> a responsibility that no
ar\ le.iiK-r of the capai it\ of (ien. Harrison, \\onld o\rrlook. In
>-'.;:''!] to all iliis. (irn. Harrixm had even reason to believe that
I ' i 'ini-i-h. wit'n hi- foil. i\\ in_;. wet\' making lor l-'ort Steiihen^oil. Tliev
e tlii-n l\:n_; in the ->wainp between that point and l-'ort M ei^'s. j.ooc
< >:i_;. ivad\ to --trike ujion cither i amji I pper Sandnsky or P'ort
>> ,,ei a the moment it should be ascertained that II irrisoii had moved
t" 'he relief of For; Stephenson. I'nderall these circumstances he
^^ - - bound, bv e\'er\ military principle, to retain that jiosition in whicli
ictvtorc determined to wait for a time the progress of events, hoping
' re enlofi cment- would arrive before the tori could be reduced.
( ' :hi. ':: :_ht o! the -ecoiid o! August, he was informed ot the retreat
enemy, and re enfon cim nt- having arrived be I ore morning, he
':! v. -:h ; : for the fort, attended h\ dragoons, and ordered
: : ::e d : -po-able Ion e. undi r I in; -. ( ' a-- and Me Arthur.
I ;.<ii> rr.ii h;i;j ;he lort. llarn-oii war- intormed that
n i. -o;iih o| 1 ori \F ;_;-. read\ to make for
' ; i is i; r-i ' M ii 'i -I i iiui; \ . I b I ! , - -re 'i i ii i n directed
a rri\ i ' i. to i vl urn !o ( ' imp Seneca
i' -- oil, i : , report, -aid. "I: u;ii no', be anion_; tin-
< . - n.ortiti. ation, t,, find that he ha- been baflled
. : \\ i-nt \ nr-l \ ea r. IF- : -. hou e\ cr.
. i -. i i . ' ' r _i- \\ . (lark." I 'resii h-nt
M ' ! ' IM i itv\ et rank o| I ii utenant ( 'oh me!
'ii < i ' n. II arri-i in in -oine | mblii
;*<< I' o r t > ! ., ] 1 1 u - n - 1 ' n . t o w 1 1 i i 1 1
\ i or ward MIL: ! o a nru -pa prr in
Sandu-kv. \nun-t _ 7 . i <'-> i ; .
: . ;: -obr\ : n- < .1 i,- I larri-oti'-
iK'>i;n\\S I>M t S> "i M\!<KI--V
\ thr 1'irt. i'ti .. .lllil --IV-: "1 h:iv- \V;i.h lii'icii I
him it hi- piea-ure. l-or a proud and intelligent people, in the choice
of nu n fur officer-, to resort 1" all m. inner ot personal vituperation and
...hu-e <>! oppo-inj < andidatcs, and to assail. bla< ken. traduce, and ruin.
;i r,o>si!>le. !'\ ai! in. inner of means, eliaracters that may he as lair and
honorable a- tho-c ni the be-t 'it' men. and -.imply to win at the polls,
is a i rime against ^ood hrecdinu. against common justice, against good
mural-, and auain-t ordinan <lecencv.
a s;.; ( nd:d -word if ihev -aw lit so to do. ami to ma'.c him a nice
s p<\ ( h i crtainU thc\ had. Hut to ha\ e it said tliat they jiresented
(', en. Harri-on uith a petticoat, and have that paraphernalia painted
o;i tran-parencie- and carried through the streets in democratic
proce--;on- to turn to ridicule the \ aluable services ol an able. hi:_di
minded and patriotic t iti/.cn and soldier like lien. Harrison, seemed
ver\ \\rnn_; to me then. \ ouiiL, r as 1 was. and the impression sticks to
rm- -tili. l! seemed equally uicked to paint Martin Yanllnren on
tran-jiaretn ie- with the ->\vord in one hand and the pnr-e in the other,
!ieiie\e tha! the Little 1 o\ of landen\vald would usurp
and. d< -:ro\ :: ixernment. And to eap the climax ot this manner
of political warlarc, alter a cainlid.ite has been ahu-ed and vilitied to
ti:e heart-' i outeti! ot his op]ioneiits. and i- elected withal, neverllu-less,
ri not oiils i|u:etl\ -uliinii to the- administration ot the duties ot his
oiih e. 1 >'i! to shake ha ml- \\ 1 1 h h ; m and i on ( uratulate him upon his
e lien. H a :T:-O:; wa- at ( amp Seneca he narrowly escaped beini;
: :c, an Indian. The reader will remember that the i >clawares,
-. \\ \ i;:d i's and Se'iei as had been invited to join the army
II-. :! .s.-i a_Min-i the Mr;ti-h and their Indian allies. Ouitea
1 ! .< pled the in vital ion. and had reached Fort
!\ ' !uik\ troops. 1 lelore t he depart lire
tt'om their re-pel ti\'e tou'ii.-. an unfriendly
1 the i^otid, Bract's ot die chic!.- under
\ m I'K an-, but \\ it h the intent i< m of
: i i as a Sha wnees, and was known
' !he eh brated Hlue Ja< ket
' '.' ie-u't-al \\ a\ ne. He had
M. He had been absent
!.,id i"' '',!;;, ' 1 bui a tew ' la \ s before the
' ' ' ' ' \ ' . er ;< a n a rm \ .
ha' ii' en hunt in^ on the \\~abash,
I'm ' : er : to join the part \ that was now
lU.t'l I U Kl I \N ! ' 1.1 \\ I K.
^c'.tin^ irai!\ t<> man h to I- nrt s Srnc< a. ( \nn\ tiu-ir .irri\.il a; MI \i
lluir's Mm klmu-M-. ilu-\ halu-il ami t -:n unju-.i t.ir tin- ].iirj.-i^r m
U'<i-i\inu pi < >\ : -.; >n> timn thr iivj'ii!\ Imiian .urn:. < M \1. I'licr-'in.
,\ h i) 1'i-si. it'll ! !u- IV.
lli-lniv tin 11 ani\ai a! that |.!.u r. I'.lm- l.f L t h.ni i min'im< ati->! t..
a ii'U'ii'l 'i! In-', a >ha\\mvs uarnni, his inii-ntinn i<> kill thr \UUT:< .in
_;rtu-ral. ami iv-pi-sto! his .iss.v, .tin i . lii:> his lr:imi i!c. lined. ainl
fixU'.u itri'ii i' 1 ili^-u.uh 1 li.ni ii'iMii a! ' I'm] it nu it. .i^sijrnu '.:in tli.it :t
i i >uli i ii"! ii, ii< me \\ i timn: tin- i i -Man; i- >.>>; hi-. < >\\ :: l.:r, a> In- !i.n i
IKTM al th< \nirrii an i ainp. aii-1 k;ir\\ li.a; :inic\\a- alwax - a -i;.u <\
a r 1 1 1 1 1 n 1 t i i > ' * n : . i i a i -s < j ', ; a r ; i : - . \\ i i . > u i r > n : ; ! \ ! . i \ a ; 1 1 i : : . _ , i : .
I'/liu- l.iiki-; irpiU'ii that hr rta-> i ir! I'li;!:;;, -ii !.. ; - , : I'.tfli! ii >!i
at an\ r;-k. ..:.'! >ani: "I \\iil k.li : i > (M in -vai. r\-. n ;l I ua> ^irv thai
tin- :,' 1 1 a r t i \\ ; > ' ' ' ' ' 1 1 1 i n t < i ] r, n i > n 1 1 1 > ; ., _ i : \ i : . u \ 1 1 1 \ : i . : 1 1 , , i : ; . i ; 1 . "
NII jn'oji'ii- oil rai'th ai\- IIHUI- l.iitlii 1 .:! ;;i ki'i'j'itij a --n :.; tiian ti.c
liiili.iii-', init cat !i \\aiTiiir l:a-> a tru-iiil Irnin \\hiiin !u- \\;1! i niu i-a!
noil:; U'_. ' I i was tin- .,' >< nl inrniiu- i ( ii :i. I I a IT.-' n, that tin- Iricini aini
i , i n iii i ant ! I'-iuc J .u kc' u a- a \ > m;u 1 U-l.r.\ ari- i hii-i by ! h,- nani-- < .:
1',, \i\rr. \vlni \\ i> al-n li.nuni In tin- (ii-iu-ra! IA tii-> <it" (ri.-ni'.-!ii|i. lie
u as I In.' siin iii a 1 >rlau M<- uar i iiii-i nl the ^anic nanu-. \vii>i liad. u ith
nthri's, ln.-i.-ii jiiit ti liraili !)\ ln> n\\!i trilif, nil tin- i hai'^r nl !>ra< tit uu
SDI'I lT\ .
(irii. liarrisiin hail IHTII nn trniis ii| lru-ini>lii.) \\,;!i hi> i.iilu-r. ami
ii.ni |iatmni/i-ii Ins nrpiian lm\. a: ;hal tinu 1 -nm-,- u-n nr turht.- \car-
nl a^r. lli' li.l'i linU ,i!'l'i\rii .11 in.l nlini K 1. ami \\ ,1 > i > >l I s ; i h rci 1 alllniu
tin- im >s[ 1 1 mi r ,M n_; wai'ri'M's n| ins in in-. In this \ mnu i hu-t the
iru-mi ni 1 !;:;; |.n krt rr\ ralcii ; hi- lalal s t -i <.\ !. 1'hr lu-a\ i-r \\ a^ piai ni.
h\ tins i i ininrinn at n Mi. :ii an i ;ni 1.1 IT.I^S; n_; siii:.;;;nn; inr. shmihi he
i h-,1 Insc \\ in! In- itai 1 In-ai'i 1 ami 1 >n-n i :;' : u^! . i ! \\ ; : h. h. r ! >ct ra \ ri i h, : s
; ririii 1. than \\ i . \< h i;n; h ; n- ( niih i ii iu< >i'i- ','-.] -M.;!..in! In tin- j ' ; M< ; j U
til an lip;. an '.\ a;'!',n;'. >M> I'm ; n.- i;.i; i. -i in>i- ,-. i nn^ri|;;rni i ^ i-iji;ai.
,; t !u- Bravrrto tin- liiuhr-! jiirch. IK- -^-i/rd hi-; tomahawk.
j\ i;; , ';}<_ \: > \\ i T< U 1 1 H- \ i 1 ! a i 1 1 . -a i d to him : " Y ou in u s t 1 >c u ^rea;
\n:i \\:i. lint onl\ kill th:- \\hiii- nian lor in atm^ \oti a^ yon
: \\iii ,i!-~o tunnK-r our tatht r, liu- \iiKTiraii (hid. and
nv-i !,u'i !]-"ii u- ail. I'-'it \oii ->!iail ilo lu-illicr: !
. >, , , ; .1- i v, r:M .1 in.ii! ilo^."
,- ; , M.tv, t'-'.:n tin toiualiauk ol tin- llravrr -trcti lu-il tin-
I'.i'ir I. H kr: .' !.> irft. .in-! a <=- mil iinislu-d him.
i. : , _ ' -.i;>: !'. t ; \ !". i o v-oiiii 1 Shawm ,-. who \\ rrr jiivsi'nt. "lake
riiic ainl !i-!l ihrm who ha- iloiie iln.- dci-il."
'. ]\\ :.; v ! - il }hr ,u 1. and \\ nv [ilra-od to ha\ c c-^i n.ni
':;:<'! .: : v\ n! I'lini- l.nkrt \\mild iii\r hrou.J)'
I HI >\IA> t'iK\VI\.
Thi-> j'.ii'-,! in ari-M's \rrv naturally, am! it mu>t
.vhilr mi .itvat liattlr> \\IMV lou.
'.vhi!<- it i an n< >' hia-l "i .1 I \ .
A ii i If : ! \\'a-~ MO: i \\ , I iirtn ; i'a< < < >
QO uisioKN 01 SI-;M:C.\ corxTY.
forehead, black hair, short neck and ot very dark complexion, lie
wa> gentle, social, kind.
'l'!u- writer \\as present one tune when a co!ii|iany ot gentlemen met
at the i>M American house, in (.'olumbiis. and heard (ov. \\'ood tell a
Mood joke on Mr. (.'or\\in in his presence, (iov. \\ood -.aid: "A leu
vears a^o. in the \\inter. \vhile Mr. ('oruin uas in ('olumbiis attending
to business in the lulled State-. IMstric; C'ourt. the miilaitoes in
('olumbus had. a dance, and had given notice that none but pure
mnlaitoe- would be admitted. One o! Mr. Convin's friends ottered a
small bet that he 'Mr. (,'onvin) could not gel in to see the dance
because he uas too dark lor a mulatto. Mr. ('orwin accepted the bet.
and. dressing hiuiseil in the best manner he < ould to deceive the door
keeper, put a hat with a very wide rim on his head, and the parly
started tor the bail. Mr. ('orwin presented his ticket, and the mulatto
door keeper lifted up the rim ot Mr. Corwin's hat. am! -aid: '('an'tget
in heah. M a -.-.a -one shade too dark :' and Mr. ( 'orwin lust the bet."
The Senecas took possession ot their lands soon alter the treaty, and
bewail to build cabins and open little clearings around them, lly
virtue o]' the treat), the I nited Stales were obliged to establish an
;mcnc\ near the reservation, to pro\ ide tor their wants, and in ever\
ua\ to assist in carrying into ellect the conditions ot the treaty. The
l\e\ . lames Montgomery \vas appointed a^ent lor the Senecas. ( )n
the Kjih day of November. iXuj.lie moved with his lamil\ into the old
bloi khoiise of the fort, and immediateU' ttiok t har^e of his office.
Mr. Montgomery \\as born in \\estmoreland coiintx. I'eiinsylvaiiiu.
November 20. 177''- He finished his education in Pittsburgh, and
when he was seventeen veai's ohl. m<i\eil \\uth his \vido\ved mother to
the s-,ate of Kentuckv. Hi^ lather died in the revolutionary war in
loluistown. NI-\\ |erse\. o! ( amp lever. I he widow and her < hildren
>ettied "U one of those celebrated "tomahauk claim>" in Kentuck\.
and which, as a matter ot course, became involved in litigation, which
wa> usual, and lost. Mr. Montgomery married a Mis, Ka/iah Koiise.
a n d ; n i .s -j ( i i ! i ( i v e i ! into ( "h a m pa i gn c o 1 1 n t y . O h i o. a n d I o < a t c d eight
milt s east ot i rbana. He preai lied 1 h rough that county as a minister
of the Methodic I ipi'seopal ( "htirch. In the year i <s i j. h, mo\ e<i u it h
l.is ;aini!\ to Sj ringlield. < )hio, and while there he uas appointed \>\
(io\. Mei^s i r.inmiss;ir\ t'or the arm\. \lter the war he moved bai k
to I ! ..IMI pa : _:i c outit\. and while there, rei ei\ed his appointment Mom
the pn sjdent as aueii! lor tile Setiei a Indians. Th(- lamil\ li\ed in the
old blot k house si -\ el; \ ea 1's. \\ h e 1 1 he bll 1 It a 1,1 ]'_;e cab Ml < i ose ! i\ . \\' h e re
he alteruards h\eil \\ith his lamilv to the tune ol his death, \\hich
<>< ( urrol DM the 1st i!.i\ <>! lai.r. I,N;..\
wlu :.r\ rt thr ilutirs ill h;s tiltn r a-. Iml.an
atirinlol t" his mmislr! i.ii ili.tu 1 -. am', i.n .
In It.xrti !i\ all \\lni h.nl an < <]]< !t:n:t s tn <
\\.is |,(>s^rssrd ni a ln>!''ir. niai.lv < har.n 't '.
a!i|r. I 1 Is hi Mlsr Itn imr : hr Iir.nl j'i lit'
s!;iim ''1 his ci'i'M \\.i-- ah\a\s ,i'il \|.;
Imliaiis ami whiles in.nlr Mi. M ' >i:'.-_i'>:!n-r\ 's !: .i:-r a si, tj.|..:i., ;.|.n t
'I nr liahai'.s t allril him Km k'><. v\.is-.i :ir\\ .n on;. I! \\.is :>i:t iitl\
l.air \ rai's . .1.1 u hrli hr riio!. I'hr Rr\ . I i/r. hirl < '.}.. r. .1 \| r- in !-
1 .;>isi opal ] irr.u lu-r. piv.n hnl his \; :
..I ilir Sri in as alt r mini his lunrr.ll. Mr \\ as ';. irioi in :i:r "M < mirlrr\
nrar thr ion. Mr li.nl r!r\rn t hiMn-ii tu.. s.nis ami mm- i!ati_;iiu-r-.
\1 r. \\ iliiam M iii'^< inu-ry. win > \\ .is al Irrsv an is r \triisi \ -i\ rii^aun! i::
I hr i urn ant ilr ! HiMiirss, jn '1'itliii. was h.is tildt >i - m. Mr-.. S ii!\ 1 :i^ham.
w lio in >\\ r.-sit irs in thr i it \ . >l Titlin. is i hr nni\ s'ir\ ;\ n,^ mnii: n-r ":
! ! i . i : 1 . i r _; r ! a i n : 1 \ .
Mr. M ' '' '^' iinrr\ \\.is almui n\r trrt six ;m lirs ii:_h. str,,;;^ ami
< . imj .in ! i \ 1 in. i ! . \\ i! In >nt 1 >r i nu ri M'] uilr ni . II,- . a i r; aj. 'A as - I'ai^ht
unl rrn t. llr li.i! i'i.nk hair ami r\ rl.r- >ws, , Lrk . \ rs. ;.;-. ii!i;nrnt
mist-, simitith itirrhr.nl, rathrr hra\ \ |n\\rr ja\\. rirm hrii ! |.>. a ir.uik
ami nprii i iiiin'mam r. whii !i. (t.L;rthrr, wi!i:ii mark i,.m. m-; mii\ as
a man . >i ^rra! . in ; -n >;i. 1 ui! alst . a^ a Ir.nlr r in an\ > ap.n ; : \ . II h.n i
a i irar. strnii^ virirr. linr iniiir.il n; lau^u.iur. .i;n! u.ts altn-r'.hrr
] ir.n l iral in li; - nr:ln >. jnxy. 1 I is . nn\ rrs.il inn v\ a^ . h ;-; i\. fe;:nn >rni!s
ami iiislrui ti^r. Mr \\.is tin 1 kimi nn _li!inr. allr. !:->i itr h;i^'; ..un ; ami
lalhrr. .in h-iii i si niinrr, ami a hn'ssjn- t.. aii ai njjf^; ::;m. >!mr:i\
IK Icrr i: is ri ;;:' i\ .! i tn |- 1 .r! "s'-m .-( a. In- \\ a-- nr. la i nn i 1 >\ ll.s ':.,,;. \ -.' i';r\ .
:n 1 ' ! >am m. \\ a rrm t ntin; \ . ( >h i .. , :: i > i <j.
\nnm_, I i > r m i n \ \ ;-;:<> r > a ! 1 1 n > i . i ! > 1 < > i k 1 , . > ' ; s \\ a - Mr. I a ! 1 1 r s | .
\\ i . i : : , ' . .;; . \\ '. ' 'A .1 -. t m i . i i >\ n ! i .\ ^, i\ , r;: :m :,':,> - i r \ -r\ r : a }
Tin- early emigrants In. the \alley of the Sandtisky were compelled
l<i make tlu-ir\va\ through turret ami sxvamp as best they could. They
li.nl tn lollo\\ old ,mn\ roads, or Indian trails, lording streams, and
>\ indium through the woods tor hours and days In bla/ed trees. There
u a- lui bridge across any stream in tin- xvhole x'allex ot tin- r:\er nor
. mild a ho'i-e up i al>;n be found to stop at. They had to camp out.
nd -deep in !' \\a_;oii. or on 'he ground, with no rooi Inn ;he trees.
: tin- liroad canopy oi" heaven. When Mr. Monlifomery im.ived into
: iu 1 o]i 1 iort. t luTi' was no l)ntlLjL' between I rbana and I .< i\\ rr Sandusk\.
\\lifii tin writer i-anu to Seneca, in i^,vv thei\' \\'a> no hrid^r in tlh-
i iiiini}'. Ni iuhboi'v .MI opposite --nK--- ol ->treain^, niadr a w;;\' to L;V
i ro-.s li\ Killing a II\T ai ross and ualkinu' over the IOL;.
In the \e;ir>- I>K; and iSjo. there were but five taniilir> ot whitr
iplr !i\;n_ between 1'ort Senec;i ;nid l ; o!'i l!all. Tliesr \\TIT tl'ir
Ii'iinoniU. \\iiliam i [arris, Abiier I'ikr. i who had i i-abin near the
'.,-. e \\ hen I / r a linker alter \vanls built a Iraine housi in.'ar the mi!!. '
!ii old MI. MS b\ t Ite nanu o; McNutl. and \\idow Shi]i|i\. Uenjaiiiin
1 '. , r : 1 1 \ . \ ! ' - o 1 1 ( i r a \ 1 1 1 1 i I o i. i ( "h a ] 1 1 1 1 ;d ->< i ; i r r ; \ e d about thai tune.
\n>i MI ( i i\i\ al'trru ar< i> married one ol t lu 1 I arn- uii'U |am-. '|1,,-
t.iviii. I'riti!' one mile -ouih o; I!H- |ire-.ciil town ol l-'orl ^en < a. \\hieh
\v i^ nterw a rd - o\\ ned b\ '.he l\e\ . 1 . 1 . 1 >eilhar-. oi ; i r ( ', * -rma n
1 /; hei-.n; i 1'iiri I;. Mid where lie dieil. wa-> boM^lii n ilu land -^ale--. b\
\ - i : ( i : . : \ 1 : . a 1 ! e r y e . i r ( ) r a \ n i o \ e< i \v i t h In- la n i i i \ I o 1 1 i i n : - .
i i > _ . i!i; \ ! ! . \ 1 < \ i '. ; ', \ e i i in : 1 1 1 L; i a b i n at a p i a < e 1 1 1 a ' , : ' ; r r u a rd
: in .\ a i'i \ k MO\\ i: .1 - ! hi \\ r,u!' : la rut." I 1 ere M i N ut t r le iret !
-.. hool i)o:i-,- imili in i lie Sandn-ks \ ,1 i u-\ .
"The !'>.! !"!!e\ 1 lo\ -." : - I he\ Wel'e I a 111 1 ! ! a I'! V a ! 1 1 ( i . .1 M i r \\ i j-| j x i i \ r , I
A.'.'I: [.u! ( iiij.:n. MI ihv- -ame ho-i-e. Atti rward->. l.oren o Abbot:
: 1 M . ( ; : .!p.!i Mid 'iie.r la Millies l:\ed MI the sann honsr 'I 'hex had
.'HI M.I; h id abo>ii ; Irrt \ MX e acres leared am! MUM,,'!
I AK1 Y M I I I t R-.
rthrr ii|| to the!!' P'MTV .it I" Ml I
'H AFTER V.
M'KKCH OK ISAAC I. DUMONO BEFORE THE SENECA PIONEER ASSOCIATION
SAMl'EI. LROWEI.I/S CONTKIBUTION THE DOG-DANC E-SO\\'-DO VVS-KY.
\ Mil. jjtlihu of I-'ebruarv. i Nf><). In-ill^" t!u- anni\vrsar\ l the
hi r! !, i>! ( i n >'_,- \\ a shin Lit OH. in contormit \ to a call previously
'in!. .1 ! ir_;r iiMtnli'T <>! the pioneers of Seneca coimt\ me! ;it the
i>'.:ri hon-i :M Titiin. tn nr-.mi/c a I'ioneer Association. At one oi
'i'lcnt mcc: in,.;-. I VI >rna rv jj. 1X71. Mr. Isaac I. Ihinioml, one
oi tin ;',;-; -ethers near tlic wi-si iiank oi ilu- riviT. in I'lra^anl town
-!i:j'. rra'i ,i ji.iprr i/rlore thi 1 A^-^oi lation. wliidi is u'i\\-n helow in lull.
I !u- InrtluT |i!'oi i'i-iliii^ r s ni" ihr Association, o! general interest, will IK-
rt-!i-rrc'i lo iu-reaitrr. Mr. iJninnnii said:
I.ADII;- \\i) ( i:\ i 1.1: M i-:\ : M\ t'atlici- nnixn
.\a-lin-n i-allcil Tin' .\i-\\ I'lii-cliMsf." mi tlic
". liirli i iiiic I \\ ;i- in in> I \\ i-nt ict h \ car.
\\ ' 1 1 H 1 1 1' I I hi- en; ii'f i-c HI nl r\ a \\ ill Icn ic>>. \vitli in i ' >l her than t he rii<h-
, Mipi' i\ emciils iii,ii|c 1 ,\ i lii 1 I ml ian<.
Tliei't- s\ a-> I 'Mi i in ! | HI! 1 1 ir 1 1 iai I k 1 11 1\\ 1 1 a > a 1 1 i u'l i \va \ i n all t he region of
' In- i -i HI H : i . ile->i_ni;iici| ;i^ i li,- ih'\\ |nircli;i>c. \\'liidi \\ as 1 1] i: MI f(l in 1 In 1 fall
! 1-::". ami ran mi the c;i-| sjih- ( i|' the S;iinlnsk\ ri\ ,-r. m n't h ami smith.
' IM -I i l. ;<'.'.! i an< I -1 i 11 i -i in! inning a> t !ii- Ma ri. >\\ Si a! e 1!< i;ni.
M latin-: -; ;''! in \\ lial i-- nn\\ l'le;is;mt tn\\ iishiji. in this i-oiinl\ . \\ here.
'.'.' he! ;> i'iii-miMli-1' niaiiN ililli -nit ies. 1 iiirin- a pai'l nt'lhe
:''! i M'i- \\ i-.i'i- ahiinst iin|ias-.;ihli-. Ji\ reasmi nf the nnhl mi\ei| \\Jih
:i- i''.l!i 'ii I'li.i!--. !>i!!'i!lL; th' 1 sinilllli'I'. lll'i-,i|l| j ',( i -x ;;||i| hi H I sr- ll i es ^';|\i- ||s
i:i f mm" e III ivali/". e\ -ejil l'r"ln c\iierielli-". Tip-
"'i 1 ! u.i'::'-: !) .1 li-ir- in --n.-h >;n mliti"s that a sjn^lc ^\-,\\i \\niild lil!
- h i !i i . Tie M i -- i - 1 1 r_!,n. i >r prairie rat i ! -snake. \\-;is aunt hei
iiipli-ii-.oi' i ii'-fir. . u h'.'-h appi aiv| iii iiTeal nuni!iei-->. I killeil ii\ . in eiitl MIL:
-Ilia.'! p! ''<>: na! s; iii! ' A leil'^e. ] He e\ er -llllrreil t mm them.
\" lii.: 1 iiim- : iii-i > v, i-! > lev, t'a.nilie-, !i\in-j a 1< m- 1 l he cut i re mute t'min
;' ii '; urn- in- .in-, in HM- Indian laie^iiau'e. "!hi- sireain armind
Jt"M- ami (id i _ r f (>m-l'-i| h.l'i "111 Oiiiv -tm'f liftUffll 1 >f|,lU .11 f ami
1 ,ii\\ f i Sam!ii-k \ .
Thfl'f \\;i> i p mi-sii|rr,il MI- ii.ui-1 i|iii'!!i-_ r ill'- -pr;n-_ r aii'l i-.nl\ -tmumi "I
I *>Jl . l>> 1 1 if 1 1 in M-ai i h ''I la in 1 . 1 il ! A n_'ii-! . \\ In-!! 1 In- l.iii'l -;il'- i" '-in if I.
( Mir -_;Tf alf-i pi i \ al i< >n \\ a- u anl "I miil-v < >m m-ai > -1 mill \\ a- ;tl ( 'i >l'l
rive k. ;il mill 1 u --ill \ -I'mir ii i ilt- > 'i i-lanl . a i nl v. il I mil I a 'Invrt mail li-.ulim: 1"
it. Tin- iliMi'-uIt if> in -Minn- niM-s Ufiv \i-r\ iivinu. !'"] i-xamp!'-: Mi.
l>anif> ami 1'anifl IJirr airair_ r fl l'"i' a 111]' 1" mill, f.u h uilli a I'-am n!'
n\f n a i n I u a _;'"! i. A - i In- \ hail In rr>>> l in- n\ r. t !i>- ^rain u a- liaiilf <1 I lu-i <.
iinlnailfl ami l'-ri i'-il a>'i ">^: lln-n tin- \\au<'ii 1'i-ri'ifil \ i-r. anil a!ti-r\\ ai'iK
tin- It-am -> \\ain \IT. \\lii-ii lln-\ i-mili! ifiiMil. hi'.i-h ami |.| i n-i-t- il. 'l'!n> \\a-
in April. \^-\. Allfi 1 ha\in_ r Ihi-n ::rain ui'iMiiil. ami "h iht-ir hniiifuaiil
iniitf. lhc\ \si-ii' d\ t-rlaUf !i lt\ a ^nn\\ ^I'Min. Tin- ^nn\s u.i- tlain|i. ami Ifll
tn tin 1 1 If | it 1 1 nl' a I'i n '1 . ii-rn If rim.: I he m.nl alni"--l iin|ia--^al'lf. ami ><> \\fiirlM-il
thf liii~hf-> tln\\[i i'\cr them, thai tht-s \\i-it- ci>m|>f llcil In aliaii'luii thi-ir
\\ au'"ii-. ami uilh inm-h ilill'n-nlt > -m-i-i-f .[fil in ira'-hiiiL: Imiiif \\ilh tht-ir
"\f u.
A It h< 'ii'-rh 1 hf M-ar 1 ^'Jl \\ a-> a 1 r> i nu im-. ii Inn I ^f t-n n- il In man> a -^iitlif if nl
ann'iiiit nl' laml In allmil a Imiiif I'm' tin- tiiiiin-. ami in . ni-niu ;\^<- n-,. \\' t -
had an al'iiinlan! i-rnp.
Man\ n! Ihf iiciiplf hml arlt-il a^ >i|iiattf r^. Tin- lmli.in>. uhn hail t'nnn-
(rl\ li\fi| nn the \\f--I ->iilc nl' tin- rixcr. ha<l rfiim\ri| in ihi-ir rf-^f r\ at imi nil
tin- i-a^I -iilf. ami al'iiinlmifil lln-ir n|i| Imiiif^ am! Imu^r-,. uhifli \\fi'f
.i|iprn|iriali-il li\ 1 he white >c Hit 1 ix. ami In -Id until I hf > \s i-ln-il in -, .. nr u IT.-
ili^l>la'- fil li> a i Iff 1 1 1 1 nl n I ' iic If Sam. rnii\ r\ iiiir tin- >aiiic t<> ^nincliiHlv c Kc .
Tin- ^f 1 1 If UK- nl \\a~- \\t-al\ in l^ill. ainl in rai>f a li>u'-i-aliiii. i In- m- i^lil>nr^
\s f re i 'I'lf n ^n m mi in ' -i I 1 1 'i MM plai'f > li\ f nr >i \ m i If > il i>lant .
( M t h"^i- \\ hn i -a m f prf \ imi.s in i hf laml ->alt->. -Miim- ^nl't't-i fil I'mm -ii-kiii- --.
ami. lifriimiii'j iiiM-nti|-a'_rft|. li-i'i. aid ntliiT-. ilifl: l>ui inmn -iliali l\ alifi the
laml >a If ^ the | m| HI IK t inn -ii-mlil\ im-r, -ax-il. ami in I -L.' i. Mr. Knm!f \ Imill a
mill nn 1 1 1'i-i-n i-n-fis. .mil *-i>\\ at if r. Mr. MI >n|-r 1 <\\ \ ii n mill nn i hi- **am ln>l\\
rixt-r. in ni,|i-i In MI|>!I|\ ili'- iii' ri-a^fil ilfiuaii'l. \\ | ii.'li L:i'f.ill'> 'iimini^h'-'l
'he iiii-i on f iiif ii'-f u f h.iil ,i ! 1 f \|'f rit- m-i-il.
Thf i a i '!> ->! 1 !''- \\ i- 1 - in lit'- ma in]-|i \ : rnir_:h. I nil L r f iif r> iii>. \\ hnlr-->iiiilfi|
ami kiii'l Inu.ir'K niif aiinllifi". ainl f\cr rf.nl\ in I'-ihl a hi-l|'in_;' haml i" tin-
iiffi|> .
Tin- ii-i- ni i !i',n\i'\,t in- .I nnk- \\a- niir ui'fat'- ^1 >-\ il. ^im' u mil.l ^i-i mi
| ' n !*. a ml a 1 It- r I a k m_' m m-h \\ hi^k\ . \\ mil' I I < M ni a ri nu . and \\ il h I-1U.
luirn^. I i n pan^. \-^ i-ha in>. ni nn\ ;iujs\ i n >l rimifiii . ftiu r a^f in a hi'lmii^
' lam -i- . -M iiu . a m I ui\ ' I ml ian \\ ai -\\ line ip->. >nrh a >: ai c n| ^m-irl \ \\ a^ m >1
Ihf rnlf '-I; 1 1 ri-l \ . l">u i'\ cr. ami 'A.I- \\linil\ ili^|'l;t'-fil in a ^hnrl linif 1>\
'hf inun-^nl ni'tn- rdiiifil |n'np|f. \\lin mnl rnllnl i!,r ni":ai -iamlai'l "i
i hf ii'-iuhl" ir'ni in:). Thai fin- m\ > >!" fi\ ili/al mn \\ h i ^k \ \\ a> hai il in ^ululiif .
iiiiu i \ i-i . Tii i - i- .! I \\ a\ > ill'- ' a >f . I i '-im-mlif r \\ In n lai nifi - \\ mi ]i| i r.iilf
a Im-h'-l "I i'"'li !nr li\f ipiiul- "! uli!->!\\. rui'l llu-> \\a> a> i H-I i --^a : \ !'!
1 1 a i ' \ f - 1 , ; - p 1 1 ' \ i - ; " 1 1 - .
In MM I. ill "i l-_'i. 'In- I'M-! 'j,' nt-ial mn^ii-i nt ih" m::i;i.i In.ik t.'.a. . a!
F"M Seneca. The te-imeiit iiuiiilicn-il about KIU men. under (Jen. Kiunle\
an I ('u!. .1. P.. Coo|e\. \\lin leathered t'rmii over tlic coiintn liet ween ( 'old
{I k and 'l'\ mchlee. n i;m \ IKI\ in 1 .; In cam 1 1 mil in order to reach the i'ort in
time.
A considerable trade wa- carried <>n between ihe southern portion of Hie
-late, a Her the close of l lie \\ a r of 1 ^li". and I .ow er SandusKv and Saiiduskx
( it \ . Te;im--> came loaded \\ il li I lour, liaeon and w hi,-k\ . and rel nrned \\ it li
li-h or nicrc-liant uooils. which were sold at I'rbana. SprinuTield and Da\ton.
The li.dian trilies IP re ai llie time of (lie fust settlement l'\ the whites.
\\ ei c l lie Seiieca.s. < 'a \ n L;'; i-. Mo)ia\\ K- and ( Mieidas. The Senecas t he most
numerous and ( a\uua- occupied the lower part, and the ( Ineidas and
M"ha w k- the upper part ol the IOCIA at ion. w liieh \\ as nine miles north and
Mintli. and -ix miles ea-t and w >t. on the east side of the Sandiiskx ri\er.
The land was held in joint stock, and each had the privilege of making
imp! 'o\ eiiient-. as he \\ i-hed.
The\ numbered several hundred, and were not liad in general character.
Inn irii'iidl) and Kind when well treated and not maddened h\ whisK>. for
wliidi l lie\ had a >t i oim- passion. I have know n them to offer two or three
dollar-' w ort h of ^ood- lor a quart of w hisK\ : and. w hen intoxicated, would
irivi- aiis tliinir tli'\ po-sessed for it.
The\ depended !arv.'el\ upon huntiiiu' for subsistence, in which, when
childi cii^;lie\ commenced 1>\ -hootinu' tish and small yame with the Imw.
M"-t of ilie Indians and Mpiaws culti\ated each a small piece of land.
\ar\iim' from a half to two acre-, which the\ formerly did with a hoe: but
-eeimr U> use the p|o\\. and the amount of labor saved thereliv . they con-
cluded to al 'an do n t lie custom i if l heir fathers. Seeing two Indians iilowiiiL
on the oppo-ite side of the ri\ er i uic da\ . I crossed o\ erand d isei >\ ered I hem
u< 'in- t he \\ i .MI- u a\ o\ er tlie land . t h rowing the I'niTows in. and next time
runniiiL r in-ide o| i:. and then another, \\liich the\ thoii^hl ver\ \\ell. until
I tui'ii"d them 'he other \\,i\. and iravc a little iiislriietimi. \.iiich the\
! !i . nk ! i. i !\ reeei'.ed. The\ raised a -ofl col'll. \\llich tiie\ pollllded into
ni' ,! i and 'i-i'd to ; liiekcn soup.
The\ !';i' : much idle time, which tl 1( ., ;l || Jikiil the children -pending it
; ( :,-. Mi- old p -"p!e -in ikinu' from jlic pi|>e- made in ihe head- of the
!.iii-i. ;!! handle lora -n m. 'l'he\ -nioKed the Mimac
;'.'! :',"\ jioui.deii. w hicli Li'iJ\ e a pica -ant odor.
I":.' " L; I sid :;ui- had a |o\ e for -port-. Their ehii-i summer -a me w as
a - ; 1 1 1 1 1 - :ii \\liici; 1 1 i i o l twelve t o a >i d e e 1 1 ^'a 'Jed . 1 1 1 e L' l'( > u 1 1 d 1 ie i 1 1 1;
lll.lll-ed i. II in a -pace i. 1 ' a! <>iil -ixt\ 1'od-. tile center of \\hicll \\as the
plau-r had a -taff some l'l\e t'eet li-nu'. with a lio\>,
I d 1 1 e o 1 1 i 1 1 e i n d . w i ; 1 1 \\ h i e 1 1 ' 1 1 I ia n< 1 1 1 the 1 \;\ 1 1 . a - n o o u e w , i -
i: ii \\ ii h hi- hand-. \ ' 1 1 ie com men cement . t he bal I w a-
ceiitel and placed lie] W t en t Wo o]' the -tafl-. each plllllliu
t. Then the -trite he-ail to u,'et the hall le\o||d the
' the -iicci -- in w I HI h counted one for the \ictor. when
'.'. a- :.i !,! i \*< I he i-t nti-l a u.i ill and a new conle-1 he -'an. 'I' he -iplaw -
Ide: hi con-t it nted th.e w it lie--e- to 1 he>e -poi't-. and added /e-t
a l>lank--t on the jee and lump ov ei ;i \v ;!h -.k.it -x nil. t r> inu r t<> -\ ! in the
distance in. i ic li.-\ < in i .
A linl her favorite s]io|t \\ ,1-- 1< i I ii ! n\\ ii|in lln- >!i(i;\ . l< > t UM til-' pirates!
distance, snow snakes made i'l hickorv wood, about live fret lonu'. < me ami
one-halt inches \\ iilc. i iiir inch t hick . i inm-d ii|> at the point like a snake's
In-ail . ami painted Nark.
Tli>' Mohaw ks ami < >m-idas had some \ ei v \\i-ll educated pro pi.-, ami im>st
nl' their tribes could read ami write. Thev hail religions services everv
>abbalh in the t'tinii of tin- ( 'lunch of Knu'laml. held hv a minisiei of theii
own tribe. Thev were .\cfllriit sim_'ei s. ami often allrartril ihr \vliilrs In
tlifir ivliyioiis exeivises, \\ hii-h plrax-il i licm \ n \ hi^hh .
The Srlirra> and < a\ !lL, r a-- U fir inn re ilirlilieil ti > adhel r ti i 1 lie rll^lnln 1 1 1
their Idret'al hei ^. The\ held iii reverence man\ u r ailieri m_ r v The irreen
curii clam-e \sa^ pruniiiieiit aim'iiL: ihrin. lnit thai imiM \\iiilh\ \ nnle \\a~-
Ihe dn- daiiee. Tlli>\\a> the u'l'eal daiiee. \\hieli tnuk place almllt Illld-
\\ inter, and la-lrd three da>^. at the rinse of \\ hiell the) lilirilt their d.-u's.
(n-at preparation^ \\eiv made tor thi> t'estj\al. l'ro\ isjoiis in ^reat
;ilnilidailee U el'e en Her ted to rolist i t lit e a coin |||o|| slo|v. t'loln \\ hirli all \\ ele
ted. The tuo do'^s \\ere selected, olteli. inoliths in ad\alire. \\ell t'ei| ami
made | at. The\ \\ en- as near alike as possible, ami u liite. u ith > ellou spots.
When the time for the festival arrived, the do^s urn- killed Inn in uliat
\\ a \ I never learned vsashed dean as possjl.le. trimim-d v\itli pink' ril'lions
al'oin the neck, eacli le- and foot, and aUml the tail. Alter the hairs over
the entire liodv VVi-l'r carel'llllv s|||oot|ied douii.thev Uele llllllLT lip I>V the
neck 'o the arm of a post, similar to a ^i^n po-i. \\here Ihev remained
! hi '<il |'_;h the sr| \ ires.
I'hr daiirr v\ a s lii-ld at the coimrj |-|M >i|se. which vsas liiiilt o| lo^'s. alioiit
I \\ i-llt \ feel v\ ii|e and sr V e 1 1 1 \ -li V e feel lo| IL; . \\ i 1 h t 1 1 rrr 1 io|r- i n 1 I ir root Io
allow 1 he smoke to esra|ir. At these places |i res \\ e]v kept 1 H | n 1 1 II L; d !l ri HIT
1 he season . ov el V, h ich VV e| r s||s|ir||dei I hrass krt t les contain illU pl'o\ |sji ills.
\ ; t !iis i inir . -,', i .!;:; as \\ as their a|>pet ite for w hisk \ . none was al'o\\ ed <>n
lln 1 premises, ai.d anv intoxicated person appearing: was -cni oil at once.
A ' ! 1 1 1 im_:- I '< i IIL; i ead v . 1 heir w ai dance lie^aii . \v liii'h \\ as part icj |>a ted in
l'\ liolie l,nt those lit l.i| the selV jce of the wan iol's. I'.llic Jacket led the
liaml. Kach . lamer carried a \\ar-clnli in his ri^hl hand, and had liecl to
each !r- a string of deer hoofs, w hidi rallied at everv step. The olijeel v\;;s
to assjsi in keeping time to the in n sic. which consisted o| an Indian sinu
son u'. and i he I ieai i m_: w it li a st ick on a drv skin M i -etc lied < >\ ei a homin v
lilock.
\\ hen lh'- miisie comiiieiii ed . Him- .l.n kd woiiKI step out and walkaiound
the lire. e\erlinu' him-eli to displav si|in- warriors' exploits. About thi
s'-,'ond round, othi-is \\oiild fall in. and continue until the rim.; around tin
I in u as t nil. all im>\ i n_; w :i h 1 In- i i laces tow ard t he tire, until t he\ came t.
some change in the nni^ic. v\ln-n tht-v \voiild turn lln-n lace- outward, and
. I ! . i 1 1 o I h c ] e h . I I i _; e I i a i I in single 1 i 1 e . . I I 1 1 I I e W I : ! I e k e i pill:,' 1 1 I m to 1 I i e m 1 1 s I e
\\hile the Indian- \\i-n- thus enu^i'jed . 1 lie -'|iia\\- loimed another riii'j
around another life, but mo\ ed \i-\-\ -]o\\ . T!ic\ woiiM tip on then heels
ind 'oes. alteinatelv. and '-m|ea\o|ed to move \\illi the musjc.
\I Illeal tlllle .ill \sele sealed \\ltil Woodi'll bowls and ladles, whell Ihev
were sei\ed li\ those appointed, until all were satisfied. Then all wore
c|uieil\ a uailhiL; I lie next scene Si mi, a nun Mi ML;' noise \sas lit -a I'd at the
door in HIM- cud ni' tin- house. This startled the si|iia\\s ami children, \vliu
then ran '< the ether end of the house Then the dun]- lieu open, and an
Indian came in. dressed in !>ear >l\in. and skins of some other animals, lie
u ore a lalse face, and rarr\ ini: a di \ t ni't le shell tilled \\ it h stones, he would
ihrou that alioiit. This, added to his low. growling voice, and menacing
u a\ s u it 1 1 hi-' head, made a fright fnl object. Almost immediately thereafter
the door at the other end of the house would open and a similar character
enter, and soon another drop from the roof. \\ ho. striking his hands, pro-
ceeded to throu li\e coals and emliers in e\er\ direction among the rushing
ci'o\\d. After thi> performance these demons, as the\ were represented to
lie. contested in a fool race. At the end of the third da\ they burnt the
i logs.
Although much mirth \\as indulu'ed in. there was a soil of solemnit)
maintained throughout the entire services.
Si ) tar. Mr. 1 >um< md. Although Mr. I Mimond liad not tlu- advantages
"t an fd IK at ion. h.n in^ spent his 1 n >\ lux >d das s on a farm, and in the
torot. ii mii^t be admitted that his recollections of early days are set
torth in a < lear and interest ing st\'le.
The people ot Seneca count) will, in all linman probability. ne\ ei'
ha\e .in opportunity to uitne scenes of a like character, and the
( ount\ lieii\u named alter these .--ava^es. a tnrther relation ol inciilents
i onnei led with their >ta\ on the reservation will not lie deemed out ol
plai e here. The following is taken from llultert'ield's history, who
i opied ifom 1 1 .' ' i '.- ' , T,!/
M'Me than half of the present tounship of Adams, and so much of
1 Measanl to\\ uship a> lies east .,f the Saiidlisk\ ]'i\ IT. togelher with a portion
"i Clinton and Scijiio to\\n>hi|is. formerh lie|oir^el to the Seneca Indians.
1 '-ill as \\ e have _;] \ en ,i _;' ML;I aph ieal deseri p! ion of mosi n| \\ hat u as their
-:i'anl ! land. \M- proei-cd t>, a more minute account of thai nation, and \\ e
can i",; I, ,;;,) introduce this siflijeei Mian \>\ u'i \inu the t'ollou ing. from the
-crap ! h of >a m Del ( rou ell. ot I.o\\ er Saiidn^k \ . \\ hidi \\ as pnlilished in
the s ,/.,. , | , , m |s(|. ;i> n rdates some interest jnu' facts relative to
this ii.it;- iilarlx. a> il describes their famous chief. "Ilaid
Iliekor;. ." -s.i
I ^ ccas \\ ho roamed t liese \\ ilds
In . ; _ . - loi e_i i i , iloue.
\ 1 10 : i !i I he chase.
I
I .
\' i > ed.
I'l l-'.i! e\ left ill peace.
( )n tin- lir-t <la\ i !' |-Vl.ni.ir> . -nine l'"iirt"en \ear- a _'. I uitiie--,,-,! an
iiiteiv-1 iir.r . aii-l In inc. .1 ii"\ 1. rei>u'i>'ii- i-i-mmix ..]' the >>. m-ra trine-*,,!'
Indian-. then icciip\ inu r tin- pi'llmn "t I'-tT!t"i\ imu i i imp! i -i n _' a pal 1 "1
Seiiera and -vimln-kv ' -"i i lit ]'-.< >h i". fain;' iarl\ kimu n in ! In- i ii habitant - !'
thi> re'_'jiin a- llif "-eiieea Ke-ei \ al inn.
The far! that thi- natmn had receiith ceded tin- iv-ei\e t" tin- 1'mted
States, and uere ahull! I" cmiiiiieiiinrate. I"!' Iln- l.i-t tinii- in tin- i-Minitix.
tlii- annual tV-t i\ al. |ii'f\ ii >n> t. > \ \\<-\ r i-ini'jrat inn 1" t In- It"<'l\\ ini'iiiitaili-.
i-ont riliiiti-il nut a little IM ;n|.| t<> i: an nnn-iial <li-^ri-i- "t intt-rc^t.
'!'< tliH-i- ai-nnaintfil \\ ith the i-liararli-ri-tii-s ut' the iv.| men. n i- iiiiin-c---
-ai'\ t M-ntark that there i- a re-en eilne-- attadieil i.. them. |>e-iiliarl\ their
<>uii: luit e-|>eeiall>. uheii al'iHit in relelirate thi- annual I'e-t i\ al. the\ -f-in.
-M> tar. at l-,i>|.a- the pale-l'aee- are emieerne.1. t. . -hr"ii<l tlieii- ile-i^n in
!lll|>e||et I'al lie >ee|'ei'\ .
Ami the t'e-I i\al nt' \\hieh I n\\ -|'eal\ nii^hl ha\e lieeii. a- man > nther-
n! a -i i ii i la r i -ha racier \\ ere. o!i-er\ el li\ t liem-el\ e- u it h ilne -I'leinnit > . anii
Willintlt the kll'tU leillie "!' i III el't'el'eliee iif their \\hite I lei'^ll 1 !'-. 1 il 1 1 that
the i, r eliel'al |>ii\ el't \ ami 1'eckll 1 -- illlprn\ iilflice lit' t he >el|era^ \\ el e |>1"\ erlij.ll.
anil tl|ii-e Uel'e the e;ill-e.- ulijch auakelieil the -ll-| ijc i< [( - "f the i hi 1 1 1 i-it i \ e
Yailker>.
In nriier. theiel'iire. that the a|i|>r<>ai-hiir-: l'e-ti\.il. a- it \\a- inteniled in IK-
t he la.-t nl' thn-f uli>er\ancf- here, ^.hdiilil nut hc-k in an\ ;hiin. r neer ai > !
make it ini|Hi>iii^. ainl impi'e-> a |ie!'inanent I'ecnllect inn \ >aii'ln-k> "ii the
iniinl>iil' their ri-inu r race, iin etti'il ua- -pared, ami in> taliuue regarded.
thai U"iild tend t" |irnimite ihi- object. Tim-. I'm- -mne time pi'e\ imi- t.i
'he pcriml >it \\hich I am nn\\ >peal\iiiL;. li\ the inn riiiiL:' aim "t the *-eiieca
1 1 lie. the antler-. \\ ith the In id \ .!' i nan \ a tall and -tatel> Imck. 1'eli pm-lrate.
And in crnud- the Indian- m>\\ came inin I.i.\\,-r ^andn-k;. . uith their
\eiii-i>ii and their -kin-: and the -ipiau-. \\ith thei;- painted li.t-ket- and
mncca-in-. nut. a- heretnl'iire. tn hartci t'nr nece--arie-. \<\i\ chielh l^r
1 1 1 1 1 a 1 1 1 e n ! - .
The principal headmen, i u- chic!'-, u ere I ,uud 1 1 n liter. I la' d 1 1 :ck,ir\ and
'I'al! Clliel'. Tliel-e Uel'e al-n -mile "-Illi." nl" halt ' ll!''!-: anii'l"_' !hn-e nl
; he latter rank . 1 'n-n iamin I . \\'a rm-r. a \\ h iie. i .1- hal t -1 iri-ed. had ci in-idera'nie
illllllelice.
'i'h i- U a rnei u a- a \\ h ile man . and had pi e\ i. i;i-!\ 1 ' n a ii i email < >\; a
-tea 111! "'a! that piled lie! U cell I', ! I ! la ! ii alld I ,ree| I |',a\ . ( 111 i 'lie iif iheiln\\ II-
A aid t rip- he pi ] -i lad ed an Indian unman u In i u a- t ra\ . -lin^' t" N \\ ^ >i 'K
!n elnpe \\ i t h 111!!!. The\ eallie til t he ^elli'i a lial inli and U e !" ad' 'pled i'\
: hem .
In tin-. ,. - : n i it her nal ii MI-. ci \ i li/ed a- \ ( . <'. '
I 1 ' 1 -i \eral ni' n nl apparent eipial :ank. \<-\ th
i 'V .n I itii ia I i '! nni\ ei -a!l\ ai-k ii"U iedued i '., n
' h i 1 1 1 - 1 i n i i - 1 1 1 ! h 1 1 a t i i n . a 1 1 1 1 - n i h . a n i n n : '
And \t ; :| !t '\ killed him t',.! i..|,!,inj ;h, n
\ i i HI ii:.
And. a- in i!"
than defined. h\ \\hicli inst incti\e]\ . as it were, we tind in the bosom of
another a response to our own feelings. So. in the present case, this noble
Iinliaii snnn discovered in tlie late Obed Dickinson, a merchant of Lower
Sandiisk\ . a neueroiis. confiding and elevated mind, whose honorable vibra-
ti ons beat in unison \\ it li his ou n.
(This Mr. Dickinson uas the brotlierot' tlie Hon. Hndo||ihiis Dickinson.
and uncle ol' the present .Finite Dickinson, ot' Fremont.]
TII Mi. I >ickinson. therefore, lie made known the time when they would
celebrate their festival. b\ sacrificing their dogs, etc.. and cordially invited
him to attend as a guest, and. if so disposed, to bring a friend with him.
Correct 1\ supposing that I never had an opportunity of witnessing this
religious rile. Mr. I). kindl) reijiiested me to accompany him to their council
house, on i.rcen creek, in that part of this county included in the present
tounship of (ireeii Creek. On giving me the invitation. Mr. I), remarked
that b\ taking a present in our hand, we should probably be made the more
welcome: in accordance, therefore, with this suggestion, we took with us a
plant it\ of loaf sugar and tobacco.
Il uas some time in the afternoon when we arrived, and immediately
thereafter we were ushered into the council house, with demonstrations of
public jo\ and marked respect.
AS soon as sealed, we gave our iresents to Hard Hickory, who. rising,
held line of them up. and pointing to Mr. D.. addressed the Indians in an
audible \oice. iii their own tongue: then liolding up the other, he pointed to
me. repeating to them \\hat he had before said. This done, he turned to us
and said : " Ynu sta> here as long as yon want: nobody hurt you." Con tiding
in the assurance of this chief. I hung up m\ valise, in which were some
important papers, for I ua> then on m\ wa> further east, attending to m\
nilicial duties as sheriff nf this count \ . and felt perfectly at home.
To the inhabitant-- of this section nf ()hio a minute descriiil ion of the
council house \\onld in- deemed uiiuecessan . Sullice it to sa>. that its
dimensions 'A, I., perhaps >ixt\ b\ t went > -live feet: a lire-place in the center,
and 'nrres]Mindii)i; t IH-IVU it h. a:i apeil nrc was left in the roof for the smoke
in ascend.
Contiguous HI the lire-place u re two upright posts, to \\hieh a board
Iniirteen or liiteen indies bi'oad \\;is lirml\ fastened, and o\er this board the
skin n| a deei was stretch'-d \er\ liu'ht. ( )n a seat near b\ this board sat a
1'lind Indian \\ it 1: a uminl in his ha ml. in u hidi u ere I iea us or corn. With
this lie heat time fnr the dancers. Smdi uas the musician, and such tlie
IIHIsji-.
1 lie da nr MIL'' ha: I i o| nme need pre\inus to our arrival, and u as continued.
"ti little inii 'imi-sion . for several siiccessixc da\s and nights. An effort
'"> me in dt sefjlie their luaiiiier nt danciim \\oiiNI be fruitless. I have
''"--''I 'laii.-inL r asscndilie.s in pnjuiloiis cities of the cast, among the
i ':. m ' i <''. ' "> s o| ,. i.-ict \ . 1 MI! ha\ iiiL. r --ecu not hi ML;' like this. I must t he re fore
p: ' if'iiif. i- i: ... ;,,,.,;... | \\as si ] oiiLi'l> solicited b\ some of 1 he chiefs to
mute ' l.i 'M MI the dance: I. however, declined the intended honor, but
11 ''ii'' i>! tin-in m\ cane, as a pn>\>. \\ilh \\hich he seemed much
:'ii. 1 1 ^i". i ia| ot 1 in ir u hite neighbors, hnth male and female, entered
s VMI i i i k< >u i i I > i i >\ i kii:i 1 1< >\. i i
I'll -IV \\ .Is. i>!l t his ni-rasinli. a spliMldid ilispla) tif nriialmMlt . Thus, u I in
li,i\ s--f n I lit- nifinlici > 1 1 1 ;i i -I'll, i in sin-jet \ . iii t lii-ii n ii >st pros) ici nils il.i\ ->
ma i ch in | >i ni -t-ss j i in in In in "i' i >I I In- 11 pat i i>n sainl . di'i-iiralrd u il h tin- l<.nl-_-. -
and insignia i'l tln-ii n|,|t-!. m.i\ ha\f --nun- mm-i-pl ii>n id tin- div-s .IIH!
nril.lllliMll.il dffi il'.ll ii>ll n| Ihi's- ht-ad im-ll \\hlli- f|ILM--.''-d III ill'' il.lll'-f.
I uitl s.-l.Tl /',."/ /.' /-,.'' Th.-ii d.iflm. as In- \\as i-;iil.-.l. un'f
\ ! \ 1mm Hail . .IIP I ! i 'in I In- nap.- : his m-f k !< ' \ ]> \ > I MM n.i i i. i|i [ h:- ,.././. .
t IHMV \\ as a miit inimiis liin- <>! pM-frsnl si|\i-i lh'- nppfi urn l.-:ii_' !.!!_;,
In. in a dnilar. aii I Mi-- |H\\I-! "ii" U->^ lli.in a hail ihiiii-.
>i iiiii- i >t i In- MII '! ' i u! !: ".< 'i I if I ian> \\ i-i i- --! iii-U n\ t-! \\ il h i'.iu I i|i--> a IM! Imiij
rmiliil \villi ^'I'lirj^. Manx nl lh--in Un|f --mill ln-11^ IH-I| armiini lln-|
a ii kit--; a n< I t Im-i- \\ Im i-nuitl ii"l all "i- 1 i-rlU lia-l <lciM -In M it ^ in |i|a<-> tli-n-i.r.
'1'ln-M- ina'li- a i HILT! 1 11-4 >< iii i pi a-> 1 ln-\ put i|i iu n 1 ln-n |i-i-i in i hi- ilaiii-f.
Tin- ->i|iia\\>. al^H. i-\lnliiii-i| 1 hrin^rh c- \ tin- In-M a-l\anl mi-. ^i-\i-ial n!
! iiriii \\ i-ic -plriii|nll\ atlin-il ami ili-i-malfil. Tlicir ilro^o \\ (! i hn-lh n!
--ilk.nl \aii"ll-i ci 'Ii T--. ami >n]ni- \\rli-nt L r "i)i|. i'1'l l'a^hl''tl'-il i|lli-i-||>-U'! a\ .
Th CM- 1 1 1 -i -.->(> \\ i-n- in ! "i- ni ." a^ i iiir lair brllr-* \\ i mM ^a\ . * '> mm /< . Im!
ihcs \\i-!'r nil aii'l in K|I- atlri tiicir n\\ii ta^himi: that i-. nut --> K'lrj; a- in
'iHirral iln- >rarli-l litisi-. ilicii' ankles, llicir small |Vri . i>r ilifir innrra^iii*.
uhii-li uiM'i- sii iii'_'i-ninii>ls licailfil ainl inaniitai-i ui nl h\ lln-ii n\\ n nli\-
liamls.
Nni nin>t I nniit --axinu' lliat tin- prnpi'ictv ami i-mn-ri i|i-nii-.iimi <>\ tin-
Indian^, aii'l ihr inm|fl i|c)mrt im-nt nt tin- ^i|iia\\-. im-rili-'i Ihi- h :i, r lii-->t
rnniiiifmlat inn.
At tin- cniiiintMii'iMMiMil nl cai-h ilam-r. iir. in Imn-nu mir ii\\ n phra>rn| ( iLj\ .
i-ai'h >!! -ilani'c." a chii-t lii>l rn-^r ami ln-iran In --inu tin- \snri! "Yah-IIn-
\\ 'ali !" \\ 1 1 h >!' i\\ . >niiormis ami >t r> MIL:' ^s Hal ii<- rinpha-M^. k'-'-pinu t inn- \\ it h
hi-- tccl . aii'l a'l\ am-iii'_; muml tin- IK m^r: <\ ii'i-i-t 1\ am--r a in >1 ln-r. a in I i In-n. in
ivirular siircfs^itiii. niic at'li-i aiinllnM'. ri^ini: ami ^111^1111: tin- --aim- \\nnl. anil
tailing in tin- n-ai. until all tin- Indian-^ liad inim-d in lln- dam-,-. \i-\t. tin-
-ipiau ->. at a rc-pi-rtt'iil d istam-r in the rra r. in l In- --aim- nianm-] . \<\ --i-nin! it \ .
i nsf and iin ib-d in tin- --HHL; and dance.
N "\\ t hr ->tcp \\ as ipiirkiM' and t In- prniiiun'ial inn mm-i- rapid all MIILM IIL:
and all dam-in^, \\hilr .liin. lln- I'lind iiiiisii-ian. stnn-k haidi-r and la-ti-r
^\ ilh Ids 'j-niird nn t hr iimli f-<->fd dnM'-^k in : I h M-- 1 h<-\ < < >n l i nm-d . 1 In- --.11111-.
In) imTf than an hniir. uithmit rc--^al inn.
Tilt- Indian lm\, \\ hn did Iml i'Mn in tin- dam-f. ,iln:l--i-d 1 i K-III^'-! \ -- tin-
UK -an \\ 1 1 1 If. d i-M-hai u l IIL; hf a\ i l\ Ii >adf d in u^ki-1 > ! i 1 1 "ii-jh tin- apf ! 1 u: in 1 In-
i ni >| . l hr 1 1- \ i- 1 I if l ii iii^ ' 't \\ h :i-h \\ f ! "' alim>M di-al'i-n i IIL;. Tal\f n tn^rt In- 1 . !'
; I if i- \ f and ' -a i ' '1 a -1 1 anui- 1 . n -.1-1- UK- d I i l\f a I rant if If --t i\ it \ .
Tali < liifl. \\lin \\.i- fiinlim-d In h j -, in-i| \<\ ;nd i>pi i-i ! \> 'ii . ti-ll i! ^. inm-li
h 1^ dill \ In in; i; iii I I if dam -I- u it h h i> p'-np'n- . l h.i : In- .if ! uall \ if 1 1 hi^ 1 n-d .
m '1 \v il h-t and i IIL; it \\a-~ mid \\inti-i. i-aim- In thf i-niim-jl Imii^f. .UK! innk
p. ill in tin- daii'-f a-- innu as hi- \\.i-- al'l'- In --land.
\liniit tin- ' n n! ni-hl. " Hard llifknrv iu\ilfd Mi I> ;.. n . .- pi ,.| .,
I if d at Iii-- i i-sidf iii-f . T" 1 h i s prn|msii inn \\ f i f a> hi\ . is^i-nl i d . I Ii n- \\ -
\\t-n- linspii.dils piii\idi-d I'm 1 , and inlfriaim-d in a --i\l, \\ha-li \\c Hull-
. nil if i pal i- d I'. \ f n aiming in.in\ "1 ,.1,1 \\ 1 1 1 i .- i n h.il 'i 1 in I - . a ; ' his ( -ai i \ da\ .
a c- 1 1 rl .1 1 in- ' I I " d v, as a 1 1 1 \ n i \ m ; <! \ -n < 1 1 \> >\ < I . >, i- h \\ a - : I u- i ic ! \\ .-
occupied. Shortly after our arrival at the house of this rliii'f. Mr. 1). retired.
Not so with our friendh host and myself. \\'liilc sitting near a clean brick
hearth, het'ore a cheerl'ul lire. Hard Hickory unbosomed himself to me
unreser\edl> . Mr. \). \\as asleep, and the chief and I were then the only
per-on- ill tin- bolide.
| lard 11 ickor\ . amoiiLT other things, told me it was o\\ \\\g cliielly to him
that this feast. \\as now celebrated: that it was in part to appease the an^or
,,l tli,. (,ood Spirit, in con-e<|uence of a dream he Iatel\ had. and as an
explanation, he s,a\e me the following narration:
[[,. dreamed he \\a> lleeiim from an eneni\ : it was. he supposed, some-
thing supernatural perhaps an evil spirit: that after it had pursued him a
IOIILT time, and for a i^reat distance, and even effort to esca)>e from it seemed
impo--ihle. a> it \\a-nou at hi- heels, and lie almost exhausted. At this
perilous time lie >aw a laru'f water, to which he made with all his remaining
strength, and at the\er\ in-tant . \\ hen he (-.xpected even bound to be his
la-t . he beheld, to hi> jo\ . a canoe near the shore; this appeared as his last
hope: breathless, and faint . he threw himself into it. and that moment, of
it-- own accord. t|iiick a> an arrow from the bow. it shot from the shore,
leaving Ids pursuer behind."
While relating this circum>taiice to me. which he did with earnestness,
trepidation and. alarm strongly expressed in his countenance, he took from
hi- bosom something neatlv and careful!) enclosed in several distinct folds
of buck-kiii. This he bewail to unroll. la\in^ each piece by itself, and on
opening the last there wa- enclosed tliei'ein a miniatui'e canoe.
( )n handiiiLT it to me to look at. he remarked that no other person, save
m\ self and lie. had ever seen it. and that as a memento, he won hi wear it in
his bo-om as lon^ a- he lived.
l! \\a-a piece of liu'lit wood, resembling cork, about six inches long; and.
a- it wa- intended, so it was. a perfect model of a canoe.
The nielli now heini; far advanced, he pointed to the bed and told me to
sleep there but that he must iro to the council house to the dance, for his
people would not like it if he \\ < n i )i 1 st a\ a way and wishing me uood-uiuht ,
he \\ ithdre\\ .
So t'ar. Mr. Crowd!. Anotlu-r eye-witness of this last sacred ritual
proceed-' to relate the ix-mainder ot that ni^lit's proceedings at the
< oiincil In )iise. as tolh >\\ s:
The |ir>t i ilijeet \\ hich arrested our at tent ion was a pair of do.ir.s. male and
female. >u>pi ndeil i.n a cross one on each side. These animals had been
vlranirled M"l i 1 bone \\a> liroken nor could a disarranged hair be seen.
Thi-\ uere of a i'eantiful cicain i-olor. c\repi a few dark spots on one
iiat ural 1 > \\ iiii-h -ani'- -po| > \\ ei e pi it on I he ol her. a i't ilicial I \ . b\ t he de\ -
ntee-,. Tin- Indian- are \cr> pai'tial in tlie -elect ion of do^s entirel\ white
fo] t hi- on -a -ion. and t'or \\ h ich i he\ \\ i 1 1 ^i \ e a I nio>l any pi' ice.
N i iu I or par! of ; In- decora t ions, and a de-cript ion of one will do for hot h :
l-'ii -! . a -'-a i !H ril'bon \\ as tastefidlv lied ju-i abo\ e I he nose, and near the
ey-. another, next, around the neck uas a \\hite I'ililion. to \\hich \\fre
;:ttached Mime bulbs, coneealeil in another \\hite ribbon: this was }>Iaced
ANi i 1 MKk At i i U N I . jo ;
ditvrth uml.T tin- rii^lit >-ai. ami I .suppose it \\a> intrmle.I as an amulet . m
rhar.ni. Then i ihlnitis u i-iv liuml ar<>uml tin- f<>i. -!(.>. at tin- knees, ami
ii'-ar tin- feet. Thes.-'ueiv iv. I and whit.'. alt'-mateh. Aiouml tin- lul\
was a profuse i It- -oral ion; then tin- himl-le^s u .-iv .lee.iralr.l as tin- fo|- t - 1 .;,'-.
Thus u.-iv tin- \ietim.s pivp.tivil. ami thus 01 iiaim-ntrtl. t.>r ;!if Imriit-
otYfrini:.
While iiiiimti-l) mikin-_ r this examination. I uas almost iim-oiis.-ioiis <>\
tin- eolleetion i>l' a laru'. 1 numl'.T of Indians, u ho u.-ie then a-^-iulilfl t"
olf.-r tlit-ir s.i -rifiees. Adja.-ent to t In- rn iss u as a lai _' I'm- Imil! mi a l'r\\
\^.-: aihl. Ih'iii^h th.- >nn\\ \\a^ -M-NCIM! ini'ln-^ i|i--|>. i h.-\ hail |iri-|>ai'i'il a
siiMirii'iit '|iiin;:!\ '>! \\ " I. I'fiii 1 >\ fil tli- -^!i"\\ HMIU tin- \-^^ anil pl.iccil
tlici-fi.ii tli-'i: lin-. I h.i\f nil. -n r.-u r ri'tti"l thai I ili.l imi > lln-ni liu'lit tln>
pile. M \ < ipinii in i->. l ha! 1 lic\ . I ill n. >\ u^c . >\ .1 mar\ lii c. hut -! rn.'k liri- \\ it h
a siffl. l!ii> li -in-_ r ilf.'inril -ai-i'ril.
l! \\a- ic-ai in 'inin_ r . ami th>- ^1111 a!>'>m ri>in^ r . \\h.-n lln- li:'lian> -iiniilta-
m-.Hi^h 1'iii'in -'I a s^mi-rii'.-li 1 . i-m'lusiir^ tin- rri-,>. t-arli llank ii-^!iiiu r "ii Jin-
pi!.- of !>->.
i, .1.1 I Hunt -i. ulm .itt'h-iat.-il a^ hi^li-|irii-^l . imw app.-ai'.-il an.l appr.ia.-ln-i|
tli.- ITO.-,. A'!.i\f'l in his pnni ili'-al r.ili.-s. In- l.mk.-il .|iiit.- ri-sp.-i-ialili-.
'l'li>- 1 mliaiis li.-in-j; all ass,'iiililc.| I ^a\ I mliaiis. I'm- nuu th.-r.- \\a^ ni a
sipiau pr.'s.-nl a I a >iunal ui\ .-n \>\ tin- hiLrh- priest . i \\ ,, \ 011111: i'hi.-1's -pram:
!i|>on tin- frnss. aii'l t-ai-h takin-4' "11 mn- <>\' the iln^s. l.r.iiiu'lil it ilun an. I
|.r.-scnj'-il it "n his anus t" tin- hi-_rh-prirst . \\ho. r.-i-.-i\ in^ it \\ith Lrr.-at
n-\ tTfiirc. in lik.- m iiim-r ailvam-cil to tin- lir.-. ami \\ilh a VT\ u r ia\v ami
solemn air. I ii I it tln-ivon. This he also.lj.) \\itli tin- oth.-r. 11.- then
retin-.l to the cniss.
In a il--voHt ininn.-r. he now euiiini -m-t-il an oralioii. The loin- of his
\oii-e u .is amlil'lr. aii'l soiueu hat chant im_ r . A I e\ er\ pause in his ij i scours.
he I."ik t'riiin a \\hit- <-|..th he In-LI in hi> left haml a )'nrti..n nf .li'i.-.l.
oi|oi ifei.Mis lierlis. uhirli hr thi'eu mi tli- lire. This \\as intendeil as
ini-eiise. In tin- ni'-anu liilr. his amlitnr>. tln-ir e\es on the u r r>>uml. \\ith
ir|-a\ t . aspei-t. ami in solemn silem-e. stooil mntiuiiless. listening to e\.-r\
\\o|-i| he Illt'-r -il. Thus he proei-dleil. until the ilo^s Uere entiivh collsll Ille.l
;m ,| 1 lie "| ||i -el l si- e\ h;l 1 1st.-.]. U hell he I -oil r 1 1 U 1 e< I 1 1 i s se |'\ 1 1 -e .
'['he oM at ion ii' iu 111 nle ami tin- wrath .if tin- ( ir.-at Spirit . as th.-\ ln-lie\ .-.I.
appi-a>"'l. lh > au'ain assemlileil for the piupose of pei forming a part nf
Ih.-ir I'.-st i\ a! .iilT.-r.-nl frmu an\ I li.nl \.-t uitm-sse.l. l-ia.-h In.lian.as he
enteri-il. si-ate.) liinisi-lf on th>- l!i ">r. thus forming a lari. r e i-ircle. u In-n one ..f
t h>- "M fhiet's rose, ami u it Ii t hat nat i\ e ili^nit > u hi<-h some I n.lians possess
j n a -.rival 'I'"-'! '' ' .-roiinteil his .-\ploits as a uarrior; to|<| in ho\\ nian\
lights he ha. I heeii the \ ietoi. tin- numlicr uf sealps he hail taken from his
enemies, ami \\ ha I . at tin- h.-a.l \' his hra\ .-s. he \ el int.- ml.-. I to <|o at t he
IJo.-ks nioii!i!aiiis. ai-i''iiipaii\ inu r his nanalioii uilh em-ru r > . uanutlt. ami
strong LT "st i' ii'.il i. in. \\'hen he emled. he reeei\.-.l the iinaninioiis applause
of til-- as- -ml.|i .1 M ilie.
'1'hjs m. -."I "I pr.iise uas auar<leil t" Iln- ehi.-| l.\ 'three times three"
arti.-iilal i.'iis. u hii-li Uere pro|iei-|\ m-ither nasal, nral. n.>r Lruitiiral. Imt
rather aliilnminal.
l itliei s ;'i i 1 , |ou e.| in like manm-r. A mmiu' these \\ as ( ,...,,] Hunter-. Imt In-
Hi- IVMI irk- \\crc ii"l lilled \\ ilh sin-h Iminliast a- some others, luit brief,
mode-land appropriate; in short. thc\ \veresiirliaslieeaineaprie.stofone
of ili.- |o-t ifii 1 rilies .!' I srael.
Al'li-r all lia.l -poken who w i-Oied to sp;-aU. the lloor u as cleared ami the
dance rciicu cd. in \\liifh Indian ami sniiau united with their \\ onte.l hilaritx
,ind /'-al. -lii-i a- lli ( ' dam-e ended, an Indian lm\ ran In inc. and with fear
dc|ticti-d "ii lii- coimlci.aiice. caught iin- li> llic arm ami drew me to the
door, |'ini MIL:' \\ it Ii his other liand 'o>\\ anl- so met limn' \\ Inch lie \\ i-|ic.| IIH-
I,. nliMTVC.
I li.nUcd iii llial dir.'cti.iii an ! >a\\ tin- a|i|icaram-c nf an Indian rnnnin^al
lull -jn-cd 1" tin- i-i>iim-il Imii-c: in an in-tanl he \\a^ in il and literal!) in
llie lire, uhi'-ii lie inoU in hi- hand- and threu mal- am! a^ln^ in \arimi-
ilii-eclion- ihr.'iiu'li the house, and apparent l\ . all over himself. y At liis
enlram-e. th'- \.nnm Indian^, nim-h alarmed, had all lied tn the other end of
I he li.'ll-e. \\here ill '\ remained rrn\\ded tu^ethel' ill UTcat dread .'f hi-
pi-rsoiiilicalion of llie l-'.\il S|>irit. After dherlinu' him-elf with the lire a
i.-u moment- at the expense of the \OIIIIL;' one-, lo their no small jo\ . he
di-api'eareii.
'l'hisua-an Indian disguised witli a hideon- false-face, having horn- on
hi- head, and hi- hand- and feel jiroteeted from 1 he effects of the lire: and
though not a profccd "lire - kinu'." lie certaiulx perforined his part to
admiral ion.
I Miring the continuance of the festival, the hospital it \ of the 1 ndian- \\ a-
niilioiimlcd. In the council hoii-e and at the residence of the Tall Chief
\\cre a nnmlit-r of laru'e. fat lnicks. and fat lion's. han^'iiiL;' up and m-allx
dn---ed. Uread. also, of holh corn and \\hcat. in u'reat almmlance.
l.arue Kettle- of -oiip. i'ead\ prcpai'ed. in \\hich maple sn.u'ar. profn-cl\
added, made a prominent ingredient, thn- forming a \er\ aii'rccalile saccha-
rine coalescence. All \\ere inxitcd. and all \\cre made \\elcoine: indeed,
a refn-al to partake of ih>-ir l>oiint\ \\a- deeinecl disrespectful, if not
1 1 1 1 f I ' i e 1 1 d I > .
I It-i't l IP-HI in t he afleriioon cnjox iim theinseh es to the fullest extent: and
-0 l.ir a- I cniild pi-rcei\e. ihcir plca-urc was \\ithoni allo\. 'l'lic\ \\ere
eating and drinking l>iil on this occasion no ardent spirits \\t-re permilted
dancing ai i| c oil-in^:, caring, and proliaM\ IhinkniL; not of. lo-moi'roNv.
I l;c v\'r.l - . ,' ha- _i\rti nanu 1 - to sn m.iiu li>\\n- an<l
' ': \ \ M.H -. ' . -i-cin- ;i i !u- Imricil in ohscnrit \ .
< - '" ' \ 'i! ' . i m ! their ivsrarrlu-- -cr m
' ,i-\ ' 1 1 1 11 -i i '! nr a- -i i at ni \\l\\i
''', ' : . I r i MIL; i : 'j.\\ ! ; i) i -\ cr\ i lirci t ion . <\
rr. I I i-lor\ i- mil lAcmpi
' I ' -i icm i-s . ii ihi- d;i\ . inn- il; iiiki-r
vi i\\ U< \v- K\ .
rrror-. in the |.reai hin^ <! the uilorion- ^n-].el ! mir !i
the adm:ni-t ratn MI nt the iliunh nt (iod mi earth,
w ill ditler on aim i i-t e\ er\ t hi nu. I o ,i\ ml IHMII^ i-l m MI
>a\> Mi, Uutterheld. j. ; ; \ !.. : - .,-._.. '.
r:\i-r. there are two nj. :....!:-. \',\ -m. - ': i ved ' , : ,, ( ,,..; ..t
,il t'ne I'M-! I ivi. h irider who \ i-i'.< d '!: "in'ix In < hani|. n_n
i i Hint \ . I Ihm M. l her. - i!i >\\ i i\ i n_; a man i it i hi- : i ::. . w h' . ''.um-
that mie ii! hi- a i n e-tm -. -ettlin^ a! an < ari\ |.er.od upon 'h. rid'i-k\ .
and iie< om ; r, _; a ^re.it !a\ or;t e ann >nu the I ndia M ,-. t i e\ . a- .: mark < <
r e - ] i e i t , _: a \ e hi- name ^ . . \\ d < > u - k \ t . the r i \ e r and i < a \ . "
VMM ,,1\ w dl den\ the lai I that the Mutterlield- are a lit Me ] .reindn rd
in ta\or 'M the ! rein h. and the\ have a r;uh; ti> he; IHI; H.>!MM!\ w;';i
believe that >1V M)\\ iln\\s ky" i- a 1'rem h name. h the nn^in ;n that
i [irei t n m h.n I been tram I In a Kn--ian t ir a l'i ile. it w i mid lia\ e lie en
im ire e\< u-at lie. 1 he 1' rein h ha\ e m . r>' in their al j . hal iei . in >r in their
( )t the old Indian tradition ui\en h\ the warrior- t" ( ieii. llarn-op,.
the tollowm.; i- the on_;in: Alter the na\al n^ht hetween the \\ \andot-
and >eiiei a-, h. retoton- mentioned, the t on.pienn.; hand. ha\ ;iu landed
at Manniee. tolloued tlu- lake -liore tnuard- tlie ea-t. JM--.I!_; and
i;i \;II.L; name- to lia\-. t reek-, and river-, until tliex arr;\ed at ('ohi
i reek, wdiere it enter- the >andu-k\ ha\. I!e:n_ ' harmed \\;'h 'he
- 1 1 r i n L; - o t i 1 e a r , < o 1 1 1 w 1 1 e r in tin- \ 1 1 1 1 r, t \ . t h e \ | < ; ; i h e d t h e : i ' e n t - . i m i
en^a^eil in hnn'in^ and ii-hin^. l'.\ tin in the \\ \ and., . - ;!., ha\ am!
i . s e r were ' ailed x a i : . ! 1 1 - !-. \ . m e a ; , : n _ . in their ! a n _ 1 1 a _: e . . r ':.,- i , t \,\
w i ; e r .
M : . | o h 1 1 II. lame-, in old , e : i r a 1 1 j . : o i i . e ; o ' i i i , a ; : i . ' ' ; . : . . ; ; ;
m.ie io ;i; .\m,-n,,in /'. , > . men';o ;i , a |,,irt ,-: a , ,,nse-- ,-...
had w ;'h U I'diam \\ 'aik-'i . a: < < .i'.'i.V;-. in i.^ ;; i.. u !>
i ,v;m :i LI i hie! oi t he \\ \ a n, : .; - a: I JM n-r ^ a :..;; -K \ . .1::. "I U-ked
. ' i i ) m ' i ; e m e a n i n _: o t tin w o . : -v 1 1 , i i : . - k \ . I i e - a ; d t n , , : '
i old water, and -aid t hmiii i in- j ,: , M,..:; i |
-aid it tarried with : : tin IM;., ., a ;M(]M.-,;; o |: ; , I |, ; , i ,,;,;
\\ al ei and ' he I * . >\ . : < , ,;< ; \\ a' , : . i i ;:. A - ; e . -. i .:.. lid c
' i e j . r e - e I n e o ] ! i i < i d r . ~- w . . \\ - f . \
iiai \ o! \\ \ andot \\md- i-\ |n! I, .!.' . I
' ! > ( I ! , l I , I " ' , , \
I0() HISTORY OK SF.NF.CA OK'NTY.
i. p. 2<)Z,, the word "water" is given "Sa-un-diii-tee," or, "water
wrthin \vatfr pools."
The historians ot" ( >hio seem to lie satisfied with the meaning of the
word .IN --at the cold water:" hut Mr. Bntterfield, in his Crawford, p.
147. says thu Sandusky is the old "San-dus-quet" of the old 1'Yench
traders and voyagers; "Sail un dus kee." "clear water," or, "San-doos-
tee." ".it the cold water." Or, it may have
been derived ironi "Xi nn-dus-tee." "water within water pools."
Tlu-\ will stirk in the I-'renchnian, any way. Hut no matter about
the origin. It is mM verv likelv that any better light will ever be
thrown upon the origin ot the word.
While on thi-^ ^ubject. it should also be remembered that the terms.
M iami ot the Lake." or "Miami ot Lake Krie." wherever they occur,
should not be confounded with the "('.real" and "Little Miami."
wh'u h are tributaries oi' the < )hio. The former terms simply mean and
signiu the Maumee river. "Mad Spirit" is the Indian signification of
"line."
CHAPTER VI.
MARLY ShiTLKRS STATMMMN1 OK MRS SlANl.KY THK HARRIS FAMILY
HOHBKKY OF SIMCKK THK BRL'SH DAM 1'KTKR PORK JACOB KNLSKLY
AND CROW GOING TO MILL KILLING Wl'lCMKS WOI.VKS IHK MRS1
HORSE-RACE.
7~M > \\" M. 1. \ M.. MSM. l!eim,' i 'I If nt' I lie i illicit st.Ule 1 s nt' <etieea ml Hit \
im\\ li\iim. :iinl remembering ;i '-.Mf. it man> i neident s eoiiiif fled \\itli
1 1 if c;irl> sen Ifiiu- n I nt' I In- eon nt \ almm tin- >andiisl v \ ri\ i-r. I u ill i-oinph
u it li \ our in\ itat inn ami I if rel>\ send \ > <\\ a short statement . u hieh \ i HI ma\
use. it' t'l'iiii'l appropriate. Respeet fitlh .
T A i;n n \ -< i \ N 1.1 \ .
M\ LM'ainl-t'atlif r canif t'nun KiiLrlam!. a \ HIIIIL; iiian. and >inu r lf . 1 1 1^ nan if
\\ a> Saiiiiicl llarri>. M> ^rainl-lilotlitT's nanif \sas llft>r\ limif f. ainl >lir
\\a>a natiM 1 "t hflaml. Tln-\ \\crc inarrifil in 1'liilailflpliia. !' nn^\ 1\ ania.
IUIILT I n -t'i> iv tin 1 n-\ nlut iiniar\ war. ami >(! t lt-i| in I Iari'i>lnirirli. I 'CHIINN 1\ ania.
when- ni\ 1'athcr. \\'illiani llarn>. \sa> Imrn in 17'in.
At'tcr tin 1 war In- maiTifil Mar\ Mcail. \\ lm>f I'atlicr cairn 1 t'rmn \\'alf>.
M \ tatlii-r cnlistcil as a siildici' in tlif I'cvnliit ii'iiarx war \\ In- n lit- \\ as In it a
nif >'f !">> . i mix t'niirtf f n \ < ai> nld . as a prh at f. ami >cr\ i-il il iiriii^ tin- \\ ar to
t lit- cli i>f. 1 1 f m-\ f r rccri \i-il a |)cii>!( Hi t'or hi-< MT\ icc> in tlif \\ ar until attc i'
he nio\t-i| tn Si-ncca ciiiiniy. when Mr. Alifl Ka\s>un. mif nt' the pioneer
lawyers nt' Tillin. prm-ured it t'or him.
M\ parent^ raised ten children. 15et^e\. ni\ oldest sister. \\a> married to
I >a\ id IJoliei )*> : I let! ie \\ as married to Mo^e^ Hunt : brother A n^n^t its was
married to Aun-lia ('lark: N'aiie\ \\as married to ( 'liamlier> Mead: l'o||\
married .lames Ma ton: brother Samuel died in \\ hat i> no\\ To\\ n^end town-
--hi p in "Miid n>U> eon Hi \ . ( >hio. iii 1 s_'i; in | | n . t \\eiit> -eighth \ i-ar ol' lii> atT' 1 .
and liimiai rifd : .lohn married l!ei~.f\ Ha>^: Mim-r\a married llenjamin
r,ann-\: Tabitlia. m>>ell'. married Hen .jamiii ( 'nl\ ei in l^i!-: and .lane, the
\ oini'^fsl ot' oin ch ild i en. married AM-OU ( ira\ . Minei \ a. .lane and m\ ->elt'
\\ere mai ried in t lii^ eoiiiit\ and u ere animi^M t lie te\\ iir>t \\ hite u'ii 1> that
\\ ere m. i n M -i I IP -re at that lime. I Jarnex . ( 'nl\ er and ( i ra\ \\ ei e ami in^-<t t he
I'eU I'll -I -et ! lei'-, t hat I' leated here.
\h t'at her ino\ ed 1 1 on i 1 1 a rri>lnir^h into 1 ,i \ i ir_rMon eoiml \ . i n t he state
o| \i-\\ ^' ork . \\ here \\ e li\ ed until the \ ear 1 >| v and in that \ ear u e ino\ eil
I iaek to reinis\|\ania and set t led near Mead\ i lie. in < 'i a \\ toi d ei Hint \ . 1 If re
m\ sister Nam > \\a-- married to ('hamliei-. Mead. >ln- dieil at Mi-ad\ille.
\V hell \\ e left I .i \ i lr_ r st i 'I I ei H 1 1 1 1 \ . N e U V o| U . I o n |o\ e (o I'ell 1 1 s \ 1 \ a 1 1 1 a . so|||e
of m\ limthers and sj.-ier.s \\en- married, and staved there. Mather and
nint I it -i 1 . \\ itli tlir rest of iis children that \vtTf not married \anr\ . Samuel,
.luh n. M inrr\ a. Tabit ha. .lane. .-UK 1 Marshal 1 1 arris started toyetlier. When
\\ c L. r ol in (Mean I'tiini m\ fat her boiiyht a boat . railed a sruu . ( )n this he
l>ul our !_L"i>ilv. wa^'on and all. John and m\self took three horses and 1 \\ o
cows, and drove them overland for I /aw rencebnryli. ( )n the wa\ there a
man overtook n->. and at hi-, request \\ e let him ride one ol' the horses. and
the rascal ran awav w it h t he hor^e. There was at lliat time no road down
!lif\alle\ o| the A lleyhenv . \\'heii \veall met at Law reiicehuryh we left
ihe scow . and hitched the hordes to the wayon and traveled together to
Me,ld\llle. where \\ e settled. Here We staved aliollt t Wo Veal's: then lll\
In-other Samuel and a > oimy man bv the name of - John Ma ton. from the state
o| New York, started for ( )hio on foot . for the purpose of prospectiny and
e \ploriny the count rv . Thev came to t lie valle> of the Sand usk \ . and wrote
li.ick to ii^ 1" pack up and come out here : that tlie\ had found an excellent
count rv . etc.
The folio winy w inter m> I'at her and brother .loin i started for ( )hio to meet
the hovs here. leaxiiiy the rest of us at Meadville. Mv father \\asayim-
-.mith hv trade, and brought his tools with him. I Ie put up a shop on the
north east part of a piece of land that afterwards became the properlv of m\
1 1 Holland . 1 5eii jam in < 'ill ver. and know n as the < 'ill ver farm, near Fort Seneca.
In the following spriny father and .John came hack to Meath ille. ami then
\\eall started for the Saiuluskv vallt'V. e\ee)>t m\ sister Nanc\. who was
then married. When w e u - ot here we found the countr\ a dense wilderness.
We put up w itli l>anie\ "s t'olk^. and moved into the same rahin lhe\ occu-
pied, which had been built bv William Spirer. who tlien had moved upon his
sect ion in the Seneca reservation, east of the river. Spirer was an Indian
eaptixe. and had a faniil) ot hall Indian children. 1'heir names were .lolin.
.lame^. Small < 'loud. I attic Town, and one daughter, who was married to
another while captive bv the name of ('row. Spicer was a invat help to the
new comers, for he had cattle, horses and lion's in la rye numbers. lie used
In let his land out on shares, and often furnished horses and oxen to farm
with. I Ie -M >|i I a LiTcai deal of corn to the immigrants : also eat t Ie and lio^s.
ami often let rows out for pa>. lie wasayood neighbor, ev er readv ami
willing to help the need v . 1'eople often borrowed his horses and o\en to yo
t,. t he mill. We had to 1:0 io Monroev ille or to Cold Creek Mills, to yet mir
urindiim done some l hiri > miles a w a\ . t hroiiyh forest and sw amps, w it lion t
aiiv bridges across the Mreaiiis. and no road or an\ oilier wav to yuide t lit-
1 ia v c|i-i bill bla/ d 1 | cc-.
The Hariiev t,im:!\ i-oiisisted o|' \\ C^t. who \\a- the oldest, ami lienjamin.
b.il h -in 1 .; !. a w idow ed sister. M i ->. Poll v ( )n . \\ ho at'lerw anls married .lolm
l-'.a!' ni. vs ho came out lie re w it h m\ brot her Samuel in I spt. as a 1 readv staled .
and Ann. the votinye-l sister, who was afterwards iiiari'ietl to David K'iee.
in the tali ul' 1 ^'Jo. llciiiamin llaiiiev marrieil mv Bister Miner\a in the win-
).] , ,| l-:jo. I )a v i.| >m it li of |-'m ! Hall, w ho w a-- 1 hen a -I uM ice ol t he I'eaee.
M ili-iii n i/ed the marria'-ie. and pi a v ei I the v \< >l i n t ha! niLi'lit at the w edd i HL;
da li' ' \l ' . 1 '.' ,\-\ a- I'n a\ c i-a me with Mr. Smil h to | lie w eddiiiL;. Mr. l'.u\\ e
\v a- 1 lie lir-1 -'-l I l'-i in |-'.ii 1 Hall.
Th.- \M-ddi n 'j w a - a i' ura I a ffa ir. i ndeeil . Tin- da nciiit:' \\ as done on a piin-
iii'iiii ili mi . \ pun'j'eon i-~ a plank about --i \ i nche-~ thick, ^plil out of a -ol id
s I \ I I Ml \ I c.l Mks. s i \M f v. Id,
N'U. and tln-n In-ued <>n out- side ami spotted " on lln- other so as to tit e\en
on tin- sleepers. This made a \ i-r\ solid ami snli>taiitial llooi to >lain on
Hoards \\ ere \I-IA scarce and hard to u'et.on a< 'oiint o| the -_ r ieat \\ant "1
sau mills. We came hi-re in tin- -nnnm-i of IS-JM. That tail \M-all took
sick, and hecaim- so reduced in s| | CIIL,'! h that "in- \\as not ahh- to In-lp tin-
oil i-r. Tin-re \\ as no doctor nearer than 1 1 nroii count s . u here doctor >teph
en son li\ed. lie calm- sonielinn-s. and sia\ed a da\ or l\\ to siippU us \\ it I,
medicine. We \\ele all fortunate enol|-_'h to <>,-\ \\ell.
Tin- t'ollou in-.; \ ear m\ hrol In-r A ULTiisl MS came, "soon at lei his arri\ al his
\\ ife took sick ami died. |ea\ inir him u it h i \\o children, hot h small.
Weueie alluell and ln-arl> the m-\t M-ar. except m\ mother. \\ ho was
then \elA sick, hill reco\eled. I >e|l jaill i II HalUe) lno\ed |o J-'o| I *v-||i-ca.
dose to (In-old for i hnilt h\ (it-m-ral Ilanison in MJ. and tln-n occupied h\
Mr. .iaim-s Montuolm-i A . a Methodist preacher and a^'enl I'm the >mrca
I in Mails. ||e. Mr. Mont-^ouiei \ . \\ as also al'd-ru ard> elected .1 list ice of tin-
I'eac-e. ami solenmi/ed tin- marriage ceieinonx u hen Mr. l'nl\ei ami I \M-M-
inarrieil. Mr. Moiit^oiiieiN \\as coiisiden-d a \er\ u'ood man. ami \\as hi^'lih
respectecl. ()|icol his sons died. I \\ as I he on | \ \\hilr ulll outside o( the
t'ruiiil.v u ho attended the funeral.
Mr. Ken jamin Harm-> and Mr. Alison <,ra.\ hoth ino\ei| \\i\\\ their lamilies
to (In- slate o( Illinois, and ho! h hecaim- \\ call h\ . ( t ra> and his \\ ife are
hot 1 1 i lead . H.II ne\ \ u ife is also dead . hut I la i m-\ is si j| | I i\ iirj and is no\\
a hi 'lit em hi \ -lour > ears old. < m- \ ear ayi'. \\ In n In- u as here on a \ isj( . |
sa\\ him at Mi. Kid-'s. in 'l'o\\ nseiid to\\nship. >>amlusk\ connt\. \\ln-n he
\\ ,|s \ e] \ heal 1 V alld act i\ e.
\'e|A |e\\ \\ hi'e people I i\ i c| here \\ hell \\ e I allie. M , . |!o\\ e. \I 1 . K'ls,!, ,|| .
Mr. has id ^niilh and Mr. Le\ i 'risse\ Used in Fort Hail : Ahm-i I 'ike. K/ra
"spi a-_; ii'-. \\illarcl spi'aune. J-'ram-is Spra-^m-. \\ jih .\\ ^hipp.-\. Nathan ^hip-
pe\. 1,'oliert and l.oren/o Ahhott. |)orcas .md l'oll\ >hippe\ . .lo. ! ( hapm.
Mr. Mi-Null. \\ho had t \\ o -on-, Al< \arnl. : and haniel < aleh IJiceaml
haniel Kn-e. I'ardoii \\il-on. i'hine.,s l-'rai\. ->idnc\ Harne\ a > misin o|
lieiiiamin Harin-x >aiiine|. -silas. llnaiii. A-i'l and I'hiin-as |':ke. l.oiijsa
l-!iiiniei son. \\ ho laniihl school, l-'.liphalel IJo^ers. ||c:n\ IJoueis. l\|.ine/ei
Mills, haniel Mills, .h-!. nnah t hapman. llalin.ih .lac l\son. tin- IJollnis tam-
il> . ami tin- hnmoml . hnke ami Mont -, .nici \ lamilies. const ii nieil ahmit all
the u h ite people i hat iiM-d \\ it hin ten mil. s of I he lorl . exi-epl t In- , apt i\ es
on tin- i esc'iA at ion.
The\ used |o ha\ e t In-i r mililaiN I rainin^s on I he I nl\ ei farm . '.Inn kno\\ n
as ihc- *>picei place. Ai one o| these irainin-s | IMM S t\\ Mi. Ihuh \\'el-h.
I Ihinlx he uas she iifi-i |or tin- i ompaii'. < al'-h II:. e \\a- ( iplain. m\
hi ot I n i -sa mia-] u a-- I .iend naiil . -lohn I '.ai on \s as ( )ri|e; !\ . aii'l \\ > -: I '.ai m-\
\\ as I-",||s|'_;ii . Tin \ list d lo Ilieel t hi I e e\ el \ V eai . T 1 1 _; i 1 1 - 1 a 1 1 1 1 1 ; -! I \\ as
held near tin -I": ka.,e "I 1 he foi ! .
posit e the ni,n 1 1, .-I U oil Creek, in ^amin-kx . on nt \. The Mohauks |j\,- ( |
on the- la i m- m v. o\\ ni'cl h\ the I'l \ s. I'lnnmn : ted s and < ! a ::. 1 1 -. Tin-
Seiiecas li\,-d opposite the old loii .,nd hi!o\- ^oine ot ih> in !;\ed ma!
< 1 1>- en Spriii^s. and up ;,> \\ lia! is MO\\ U .,; s,,n '- *tal ion on ; In i . *. A C. I ;
I 10 HIS
IJ. C]o\\ li\ed further up. opposite in> father's, joining the Spicer section
on l lie nort li.
In l^_'l a !"L; i iil'in sin, hi al a place near what is no\\ Sandiisky street in
Tiil'm. an 1 wh"iv Captain 1 5 m'li\ li'iill a \ cr> niee rusidenee opposite the old
resiiieiic-e ..[ I.ntlier A. ilall. K-MJ. This residence is now occupied b\ a
famil\ named l.euis. Into this cabin a gentleman I'roin Auhiini. New
York. ino\ed iii tliat >ear. Hi-- name \\as Mr. Childs. There was hut liiin-
M-lt and hi- \\ il'e. The\ \\eivwelldressed.and both very handsome. Mr.
( 'hi Id-' had been in the mercaiit ile business in t lie state of New York. lie
\\as then alioiit t\\en'..\Tive \ears old. \\lien lie took sick and died in the
cahin. So, m lifter hi- death Mrs. Childs was delivered of a child, and the
neighbors look her and the babe to .Jnd.uv Iiiyraham's. who then lived near
ip'iudib, .r to Mr. 1 >o\\ e. \\ here, after sn tiering about nine day s. she also died.
The \\ idi>\\ ( )rr. a sister of the I5arne\ s. took the child to raise and kept it
die \ear. ulien a sister of Mrs. Childs came out here, and took it back to
A nliiirn u it h her. Soinehodx had named the child Nancy. ( 'hilds and his
u il'e \\ ere hot h buried in the old ^rave >ard. near the 15. A: ( ). depot."
So tar Mr-. Stanlr\. This William Sphvr. \vlin phu'cd so con^pic-
ion- a pan in the history of tin.- Seneca Indian> while li\-in^ in thi-.
\alley. was .1 n;itive of Pennsylvania, and was captured by the Indian^
when he wa^ very voting. \\ !ien the wliite settlers first came into this
valley Spicer had been on the Samliisky fortv yoars. and during llie
revolutionary w;ir. Tliere ;-; but little known of his history. The \\ \
.indots timk him to the bank- of the ( >hio. and used him as a decoy to
'rin^ boatmen to the shore. They tied him to a tree near the bank of
lie river and > (impelled him to call on the boatmen for help, and while
the ^avau'cs las in ambu-h an\ person approaching Spii er became an
.t^\ pre\. Many were thu^ made to sillier the < rnelt\ ot the \\yan-
I!I>IN. lull it U to be presumed that Spieer pla\ed hi- part merely b\
I MM'- : - cotint \ u it h m\ ui and fat her. \\" iiliam 1 1 arris. \\ ith \\ hom
I ii.id alu;i . and up to the time \\lien m\ aunt Tabitlia married Mr.
Cnl\e| ; ;' I them. '1'liis was in 1^-.. M\ uncle. Uenjainin
1 ui\ei. li.nmhi ei: -ed and four acres ot' land al the sales. Hi-
"Mi"-' 1 ' i-'c Iniiiilred acre>. The KlnnimerJ'elt and Abbott
! i! m- av>' a!-' i p ii ! - o| ( 'ii!\.-r'> purchase. II also . i\\ ned t he land u here
1 . ,;-.! ,,, ,., -miii " n-.-d in !.<. i-i | .iii.-n \ |o\\ n-hip. The-e lands In-
'i 1 -i 1 '--. iii Ili'lauare. ll'ii'tnii H"\vard \\as recei\ er. and 1'lati
' md "llice. M,-. |;r.i-h li\ed near and south ot
iii- -ecniid uife a \\ido\\ (ii'ei-ii. fr'>!n Mar\-
.'! : "i iii'- I l"!i< vrable |''ri-derii-K \\' . (ireen. uho \\;is
\ ''i'j linif. and alleruards ri-pre-enied tin-
\\ ii ' iiu it'll. l'!i i - \'. .,- d ill i IIL; 1 lie e\ er llieniorable
triilllilr nc.-asinlied ti) till' repeal i.f |||.- eighth seetjnn i.|' l||i- 'Mi^-Llili
Compromise." A 1 1 IT si -i v ini; ,i 1 1-1 MI in < 'i 'i nil ess. Mr. I I ven was appninted
Clerk nf llu- I' . >. 1 MM i id ( 'niirt I Hi 1 1 H- 1 1. 'ill H -n i di-ti id ! i >lui. \\ In n In-
IlU'M-i! tn Cleveland. \\liiTc lir li\i-i| U)i I., llir linn- nl hi- di-.illi. which ."-
clirivd III I In- spring <,| |s7;i.
Tin- UariieVs c.iiiii- lii-n- finiii Massachusetts ill I - 1 v ;npl -dl h-d m-al the
M|. I t'.irt. ll seems Ilia! in-. ul\ all tin- si-nli-i- in that \ i.-init> pi vfi-i n-d ! !>
iM-ar the furl, so as to have lln- l>endit i.| ils prnti-dimi in l nm- nf danger.
There were three brothers nf the-e Kaim-v- West. l>.-n jainin ami Marshal:
ami l\\o sisters I'nllv < )rr. \s Im-e hiiskiml ami "in- i-liil.l hail died |UT-. an<l
Ann Harnev . tin- v m unrest sister. Mar>!ial ;L!S.I .lii-.| here, a IP I In-. Mr. < M r
and his child w civ Inn ied at the Spicer place. Ann marrii-il lann-l \\i<<\
w|p> \va> at'ti-r\\ anN i-li'i'tt-il juM in- \ tin- pcai-i- tin- lir.- 1 "in- in t lit- tu n-
sliiji. 1 1 i> \\ ii|u\\ i> >t ill li\ iiiLT in Sam in -k\ .-.111111 \ . nm t li < >t < '!> ill-.
lii'iijainin l!arii-\ \\a> a \ci\ ri--.ilnti- an.) Imiinralili- man. ami a un-at
Irit-n.l tn \\'illiam S|iin-r: an.) \\lii-n ^pi'-cr \\a> rnliln-i! llciijaiiiin tmik u r ii-al
inti-n->t in )i:t\ ini; tlic roblicrs l>ruii^lii t.i jn-i n-c. an. I x-rnrinu' t lit- iimm-x .
This \\a- |irnliall> tin- lir-t rnliln-r> in Si-nt-i-a i-mintv. am! i! m-i-iu n-.l in llii-
\\isi-. vi/: >|'i.-iT \\ as \\ rll oil', ami tuuk in a ..rival ili-alut' nn'm-\ t'rmiitlM 1
sale 'l |IULT>. i-attlf. hni'si-- ami .-.>rn. Ilis !m>m'\ \\a> all in '_ r '>M an.J sihrr.
Spicrr lived .Ml the top \' the hill nil the V\eM hank 'l llir river, nppii-ite the
mirth pnint \ the inland in the river, and almnt I'mir miles Mnilh nf the fi.rt.
( >ne aftermmn when S)iic.-r v\as almie in liis eal'in. a man \>\ I he name nf
Knlliiis came in and demanded Spici-r's mmiev and tip- kev nf his chest.
Spiei-r re fn si -d In deliver n v er. and 1 {nil ins st ruck him w it li a elnh uii the
head, vvhicli stunned him. and he fell. While in this cnndilmn he heard
Kiilliiis lanu'li. and alsn lu-ai'd s,,nie nlheis cmne in. Imt cmild mH tell w IP>
tliev Were. \\ lien S|iicer 1'ec.iVered his ci illseiullsliess. the men and his
tliuliev w ere u'nne.
Sjiieer vs as a small man. and had n ediical inn : IP- ci mid iml cm ml much,
and did imt kimw e \actlv hnw much ninnev In- did have, lint il \\a-> m -m- rail v
lielii-ved that he had lietween ^i\ and seven thnii^and dnlhir-.
This It.illiiis was a caipeiil.-!' liv trade, and at the linp 1 nf thi- nccm n-nce
was empl.iv e.| tn he||i a certain I 'a nl \ >. l'nt N-r in tmildinLT a saw m ill mi i he
left Lank nf tin- river, win-re I.afavelle sireet. in 'I'illin. cnnies d..\\ n t,, the
river. Smne nf l IP- I imln-rs n| Ihis mill w .-re alt.-rv\ anU n-ed l.v \| : . .l..-iah
lle.L r e- in the liiiildim.: nf tin- saw mil! siaiidin^ 1 nil tin- let: hank n| the
river. ii|i(i. isile II.-iili.-n Kedler's mill, sn-called.
As si ii .11 as I he IP-W s nf 1 he n ihlierv liecaille klmVV II. I he lie! -hi ml'- t 1 1 I'll ei|
nil! ! ii a--i -! I he c. ill -t a I ile Ml I he chase at I er tip- I h |e\ e- alld I he | ecnv elV
n) i he mnip-v . A man hv l IP- na IIP- nt 1 )n\\ n :n^ i i v .-. ! nil i he 'np 1 1| tip- hill
luck and iiitli ni liak.'i'-- mill. s,,iiie ihree mile- imrth nf Tul-n. in a .al'in
liea I i he 1 ! . e! . 'I'lp ' '< ll -i I ll ' ! e . .\ 1 r . 1'. I | ' ! '. i i -a I I . i I! ' n 1 1 1 | 1. 1 1 1 \ \\ ; ] \ \ I ',e]| ) a 111 I II
I la i ne v . ca HP in I ii 'W nine's IP 'iisi- and -,al d. iw n In talk awhile, w IP-II a lil 1 !e
_:'!il n| lip- lamih s.iid In i|p -, men. " \l\ p.ip.i |';ii -niin-lhinL; nice nml'-r
I hen- :" | in i nl ! iij In t h>- heal 1 h stmie. '1'l.e v a i i'i--'i > d I 'nv\ nim: . and i ai-in^r
t In- heai I h si i inc. iiiimd nv ei li\ . hnnd i . d dnll.H's in si !v -r undi-r it. A I id -
\\ aid- >i iiiie -; \ h nii'l i ed dnllai - inn] e u . re immd in lip- ->j,| ] n- ,,t t |, r \,,\ ,,\
the hill cl,,,e |.\ ih. cal.in. 'I'h.-se MX hundred d,. liar- w.|.- -in.p..,,.,i )..
1 I j HIslnKV OK sl.M t A t/OlNTV.
have been put iiitu the -prim: lt> tliis William Kollins who struck Spicer.
and who \\;is also arrested soon after. 1 >o\\ uiu^ jot awav from the con-
-table. ainl was never licanl of afterwards. .Indue Fitch, who lived near
Hi,. ri\er. below l-'.lilei- Rating's, also found some money supposed to he
>>pice) '-. in a ravine that rims across tlie iiorlli \\est corner of tlie Culver
placr. a- then know n. This >iini was also over live hundred dollars. All
thi- nionev was proiiipllv restored to Spicer.
I'.utler. Case, and (jiiite a nunihcr of others were arrested, and were all
taken to \or\\alk. in Huron count), for trial. Caleli Kice also assisted in
making the-e arrests. Some of the prisoners escaped before trial: Case,
liiiller and -ome others were ac(|iiitted. llollilis was the onlv one that was
convicted of tin- robberv. and v\as sentenced to tlie penitentiary for the
term of eleven veais. lie was pardoned out before his term expired. Spieer
himself -iuninu the petition.
The -aw mill near the old Foil Hall I spoke of. was a very rickety atTair.
and -o was the dam that supplied the water. The dam was made of brush
laid across the riv er w it h the points 11)1 stream. ( hi the top of each layer of
bni-h other hrn>h were laid cross-wise, and then another laver on top of
the-elike the lii'st lavei. and so on. The v\ hole string of brush was held
dow n I iv boulders and dirt put on top of the brush. The dam reached to the
ri^'hl bank of the river at a point where doctor McFarland's stable now
Mand^. Mr. .lesse Spencer ovvniiiLi' the saw mill and the land on that side
of the river, and Mr. .losjah Hedges the land on tl;is side, somehow, trouble
a I o-~e 1 ici vv ecu t hese men al M mi t he dam. It is possilile that the water in the
river wa> MM back, and overtlowed some of Mi'. Hedges' land.
( )ne ni-ht. hovvever. Mr. Hedges proc 1 1 rei 1 a 1 1 u inber of men with picks
and shovels, and had a ditch dim' in a half moon shape around the east end
. .1 ; he i lam. and on the next morning the w ater of t lie riv er llow ed throuu;h
t he d i 1 1 1 1 . leaving dam and saw mill 1 1 i u 1 1 and d r v .
Thi- .Indue Fitch, above mentioned, was a tall, slender man. v erv intelli-
gent and communicative, and in evcrv \\av an excellent citi/.en. Flisha
>ini : ii kepi lav ern \\ here ihe I ! o;i house, so-called. no\\ stands on Sat id uskv
treet in Titlin. Thai tiivern n--ed to be the place for .lulv celelirat ions.
( in these occasions it ua-^ en^tomarv for -Indue I'"ilcli to come up ami treat
all tin' \oiniu men. Then he would -av to them that before loii^' thev would
have to lake care oj the uov ernmeiit . et<-. ( >ne time v\ e had a l-'onrth of
.Icllv dance there when fifteen couple-, attended, which took liearlv all tile
pe< iple ! hat w ere here.
\bnei I'ike lived on ihe l'1/ra llaker farm, near the old house mi the hill.
I le came he;e w il Ii In- la mi I; from \c\\ .lersev . 1 1 is wile w as a sister to
ili!- Mntler th;-! built s|iencer's -av\ mill. I'ike was a man of medium si/.e.
-!on! and ' oinpaciiv built, had dark, hair and dark eves, and a dull look : he
'.' .!-:."! v e! . , in hi- person, and ;^ la/v as he was ignorant. I tut nt I ler-
- . i ! . . 1 1 : ; d - - - I man.
M: I.:.. : i the old Foil Hall. Il was a double lo U
I i I' i otiu'h |OL;-S. ami had two rooms. M r.
I '''".. ' i-maii . a nd hiudilv esteemed.
_ : u id; ' ,i -j i in -111 ii 1 1 bv Made, and \\ In i'e\ er he liv ed. in 1 'en n
.1 i: i . N ' v. V' M I "i ii i ! I nd ian- for customers, and in this v\ a v he
l>re,, nn- a< <|iiaint'-<l uiili l!i'- I.Mr_;naL r - "I -r\Ta! tnl.i-. lie had in> ditli-
ellll \ \" I.lIK 1 lie "-' I'eea \\ III II \\ i- i-;; II 1 1- I If If. ||i- i -a I I i 'I I'll hi- -.Mill -h> ip
until In- ili.-il. in I-.U.
x lllilld ;nnl .lolin \\ l!-_'lil. Ill labT \eal-. lieeailie tin n\\lie|- i>t (In- lallll
lli;i! 1 Yum I hriirc 1" 'i i- t ln-ii name. Tln-\ u I-M- tY'iin Ili-ehe-tei . N'r\\ Y"ik.
.lulm \\ 'riirlit ami l>anii-l l'i dl. al-n Horn Ni-u Y"ik.put up a di-tillT\
i MM i 1 In- -pi im_ r - on i IK- I uiiK- i '!' i In- rh t-r. < 'ii t h i - tarm. I u <>\ kt-d in . and
ei >n ineted . I In- ' I i-t illei \ t'i >r a 1 1 IIP.: linn-. Tin- liii-im--- u a- di >\\<- in tin- linn
name "t I'.i dl A: Uriudit." \Vln-u tin- tanner- l>r.'U'_'lil I In-n emu t.i l.r
ili^l i ! Inl i in -~liarc> \ [*> In- r\< -lian^cil . \\ '^.\\ > t IM-III ti\ quai t ^. a IP I \\ lien
tin- '-urn u a^ i-ln-ap ainl pl-nt\. u- i:'a\t- lln-iu ->i\ ipiail^ "t \\lii--k\ !"i cni-
I'li-^hi-l i it 1-1 >i ii .
Aliniii that tiiui- I \\ c \"IIIIL: lailit-^ "-aim- In in\ aunt, \li-~. ('n!\i-i. t!"iii
Nc\\ Vm'k mi a \ i-^it . 'l'hc\ \\i-iv >it IT- : Mariah II unt. lln- ci|i|i->t . ami tlir
> mi iiL. r cr. x \ l\ ia Ann Hunt. <lau^ r liliT^ n|' her -i-ti-r. \\liiU- In-rc. Iln-t\\ii
Mi. \\iiulil-- nia'lc tln-ir aci|iiaintani-i' ainl nian'inl tlit-m. .lulm \\iJLrht
ma rr ii -i I Ma riali ami Sam i id U i iulit mai Tit-d "-\l\ui Ann. ^a mud and lii-^
\\iti-did nut li\i- \t-v\ liappilv : -onir voiin^ iiMTdiant tYi-in Tillin ln-caiiii-
t"c in! iinalc in 1 lit- tamih . and in -nine \\a\adi\crcf ua- lirmiL'til al'Ut.
\\'ri'_ r li; udil a\\a\. >u"n at'ti-r tin- orrmTi-nn-. Mr. Kut'n- \\ . II<-id. t'n>ni
Titlin. inairifd Mr-. Wright, ll'-id \\a-al lliat 1 inn- riiira'_ r i > d \<-\\ lar^cl\ in
iln- ni'-i 'i-aiit i ! liii-int--- and tin- prndni-i- Iradc. lie Imill a lar^'e ^arehniix-
in-ai ilie di-p.-t of tin- Mad l!i\iT\ Lake l\rie Uailn-ad . t lien in l-'"i't Hall.
The liiiildin^ i- nu nceiipieil li\ Ml', ^('loini MI Kmip. a- a dm <} . -a-li and
)>1 ind t'aeti \r\ .
Mr. Ri 'i \\a- tin rix.il nt M r R. \\ . Sliawhan. nn' nn!\ in the nii.-r
ant lie Ini-iiu---. !>!;! ,tl-i i MI thr \ a r,( HI- i > iiilln t- in the e->t.i! ui-htiii'lit
()! ii.lllk-- ill 1 Ittin. e.K h -tl'i\ill i j t'' lii'iiillle lll.l^!'- 1 ' 'it the -MU.ltliiM.
< hi i -MI i ee.ii-d. .ind the other \\ nit i|n\\ n. Ren! t'.iili i ,n Im-inr--. .uni
L;;\ n_. Ir.in-ell ;|i ', In- ,ij'|>etite tor -'ron^ i!'':',i'k. l:\i-il .1 \i-r\ hanl li!e
:- ileath. Mr--. Reid i-, -till i:\ini; in ('iin inn.iti
I I'll i -.e 1 il.lt k lie\\ Ml'. Re .( ! \\ e 1 1 HIM-! .n k 1 1 < < \\ i ei I _; e ', ll,l ! \\ ; ! 1 1 .ill 1) :-
t.i'ii! -. a'.ii'l lie In re he lei 1. he | ,. .---,-, >ei i |iM-:ne--> '|;ia!:!:e- n! i hr lii^lu--;
iii'ijer. i iiiMliitleii \\lth .1 \\'i iin lei'ill i ije^iee (it ]n'l"-e\ rraili e. lie \\'.i-
ui-ir ii iii.inU ainl eDtirtemi-. lii^lilv intelligent .iin! .n < < uu| i!i-hei 1. pi >-
-e-- : ' > ,i rare im nii>r\. ami .1-- the ]'iv-iiliii_ idtii IT oi i lini^-. 1 :
i. ,\ ,\ M. hehaii -i .irci-l\ hi- -uperior ,n ,in\ ijuaii!\ :liat ]'|'II|HT!\
i n '.';_- IM th.lt - 1 . 1 1 I ' i II e \ i e 1 1 1 \ 1 ' 1 1 1 .
H < . A '", \ the \\ 1 1 ril- in the 1,1 ie! iii.iv lie alii 'in ii iii him
I;-;'. ' , Mill in;- j.r.M ee,i.
U in MI 1 u a- a I 'i MI I eli \ en \ ear- i ild. I had I. :< \\ it h m\ nndt-. .lulm I lai
i i-. :> i t In- m i ; 1 .1 ! \Ii 'ii 1 1 ie\ i lie. 'I'l 1 1 - \\ a - 1 1 1 e iirai t -I m ill In mil In line, and
a I >i nil t h 1 1 1 \ mil*-- a u a> . \\ . ei iidd in>t uet aei n-- the i i\ ei \\ it 1 1 a team . -"
ss e took our team home, and loading our corn into a tinu'-out a canoe made
nut of a K>u sse hauled il across and unloaded it un the other shore. Thru
\\ r In irn \\ cd ;i s oke u!' ov-ii from Mr. Spicer. and a cart from Crow. > we did
not sas M is'u i " in ;n i Indian, and loaded ii|i our corn and started. The
;ie\i nielli \\ c stopped \\illianian hs the name ot' N idiols. near IJellcvne.
and in tin- e\ riling ot' 1 In- second das we readied Monroe\ ille. There were
a u r reai mans cii->t' MIHTS ahead ot' us. and there ssas no prospect Tor us to li'el
in for al'oiil a sscek : so we started for Cold Creek mills, which were eleven
miles in iii h\\ est from here. Thes had just commenced dressing the mill-
stones u IM-II \\ c arri\ ed . and after \vailinji l\voila\s at < 'old ( 'reek. \\ e started
home \\ it h our u'risi . At Cold ( 'reek we bought a bushel of peaches, which
u ere then, and especial 1\ \\ il 1 1 us in the woods, a threat s ariet s . A tier wards
thes tiTess almost spontaneously . and produced abiindantls . until within
about fifteen sears ai, r o. \o\\ it is seldom that a crop of them can lie raiser]
in this count > . The lirsi ni^lit on the was home sse reaclied Dr. Stephen-
son's. Tlie next da\ our provisions yave out. \Ve came to a lire in the
\\oods\\heiea man hail been chopping, and ticinii' \er.s huiiLrrs. ssc looked
around amount the lo^s for provisions that the wood-chopper mi^ht have
liidden somewhere, and found rasv pork and bread. \\'e divided e\ en ssith
the man. and piittiiiL; his half back where it was. made ssas with ours, and
drove on. \Vhen \\ e u'ot home \\c were ^'oue neai'l\ a week.
The onh place ss here ss e could ti'et 1'ni it at t liat time ssas at \\'hitecker"s.
1 eloss I-'remoiit about t s\ o miles. Mrs. Whitecker was a ss idoss and a cap-
list- ol the Senecas. and she receis ed this place bs the t real s . One time her
-~on .lames stalled s\ ith his ssa^on near our house, and he had to abandon it.
When lie left he told me to tejl the >enecas that the wan'on belonged to him.
and then thes would not touch it.
Sonic time after we arrived here. I ssent up fhe riser ssith Iliram Pike.
ss ho ss anted to u'et a pair of shoes he had up there to u'et mended. U'e came
to a little clearing of about t ss o acres, in the midst of sshidi ssas a cabin.
lien- the shoemaker lised. UK name ssas .lohnson. and his cabin the mils
one on tin- r'mht bank ot the riser from the reservation I'ar up toss arils the
tossn ol McCiitdieiis ille. l! ssas sjiuated sshere .lelfersoi i and I'ci'rs streets
cross. 'I'he lirsi ].._; heap that ssa-- burn! on the Titlin -.ide. ssa-- sshere the
Cuiiiinel cia i l'i,l h L Ih i\\ js. ue\l ]ol norl 1 1 of 1 lie coll i'l house.
Mi. Ktasiu- ]',ou e lised near Ihe old I'oi't.on the \\esl bank, and Dasid
^mi! h I ". I'd in a cabin. s (1 |iiess heri- near o)' at l lit place where the ( )Iiiu stove
works i, o\- are. I'p t In- hill, in-ai sshere McNeal's slor.- now stands, tliere
u.i - an old I nd :a 11 cabin, into ss hidi Mr. Au'reen I IIL: ra ham soon after l nosed.
1 ''<"-<' bv I hi- i -a bin M : . Milton \|, \eal soon alter buill li is store, and lie was
! lie !i; si |||i'i '-h;.li' o| i |;.il -ide ot I he IIS CI 1 .
\\'il!'an I >. -he *S,H, j en;, n-d S>N h ii nd ret i a mi I < n't \ acres ol land, indiid
i- .1! o : sv .H ds , ,\\ ued I is tin lies . .1 1 Jm Soiider and the Si oners.
I calill; ,ll !in >til|de| place. ') liel'i SS a s no other liollsr ii||
^hers\ood cabiu and |-'<>it Seneca. Sherssood's
and \ ', . i - buried in I ! n - ; ; i , i \ ,- n -i | lii.it ss ; ( s s i l 1 1 , , l e 1 1
s. ( i I,' liii ..id ii. T;:i-n. and \\n< lai" r. sjdi I M -<
!. ; ' . v !;i-re \l i . 1 "ra ie is s\ a c .:ii'-i nos\
S ., . r : a., j- Ml, ^ne. \' I's ,,,M ss.is I, ere
.! !i-\\ Sral- .;_'". |nnklll'_' 1"! Ill-- Ill'itlu-l '- '_'l.l\f. i'lll ' niild llll'i !! It. H I n|' It.
I'him-a- Fr.'.r\. ai.nil:.- <>!.! -.it!--!, iiMiTiid .1 Mi-- I \. M.
< MIII 1 1 !_rht iii;nTi'-d a -i-t'-i .-I Mr-, l-'iai > .MM -tlli-d up 1 m- i \ :
-"nth"! Tiil'm. Mi-. Haiti''; x.-^m \\a-nni-ni !h, t'n.luan
-III! li\ i ML: "n hi- 1 la: in . i MI l!i'- i < -! \ ,it i'lii. Tlii- ' '"in ! i ! hmi-1- 1 1 -'-'I I" -tain i
un thai |i|;n ' . Tlii- ua- in. hi'- "I ill!' i li-n_'ih- "I !"_:-. i-nriii'i rd ,1- n-ii;i]
.Illil \\lltT' llir In'.;- c.illli- l"'4i-iln-| .1! tin- i lni-. !lir\ U.-n- ll.il 1 1-| i.-i i .lli'l l.li'l
"ti l"|'n| t-.n-li "lint. 'I'lir 1 ua- iii.pl'- n| hark. u:ih .1 hn!i- Ji-tl Hi tin-
Illiilillr In I'-I ! In- -lll"ki- "111 .
I ktirU ;i! i llic I IH I i.l !i- ' Ml ill'- ! i -i -I \ i . .IIP I \\ ,i- \\ i -I ' .c 1 1 II, il Il!'-il \\ il 1 1 I '! "\\ .
lie ua- -1'ili-n \<\ ill.- \\ \;uii|.ii- mi ihi- l,i'\,ii II. inn. ill in 1 Vnn-\ 1\ ,iina. am!
UMM'ii I" 111'- >I-:H-I-;I->. \\lin ail'i|il'-'l linn ( inu \sa- at'i'iil 1 \v " ''i llirrt-
\ i -a i'- i ihl \\ ! : i-i i In- \\ a- laki-n ;i\\ a\ . Tin |MI i-nl - \\ i-ri- au ,t\ I r >in IM 'lnf al
lln- tiuif. ami tin- iillici i-hilili'i-ii "il! all'-r i'i-iiii'-. 'I'll' -,r.. !_''- i.'"t a\\a\
\v il li 1 lit- i-lnM iiii'<li-ci \ ci|.
\\ In ii I'IMU'- lat lu-r c;i iin- I" Ininl him up. In -in|i|n-(| al ('IM\S'- atnl -nil
t"i ' m\ Lrramllal In-! I" i-i'im- ainl i nli-r|iri-i 1 lit- mi i\ 1-1 -al inn. ( '; n\\ i-miM ri>'!
l.ilk |-!n'_ r li-li. Si i I \\i-nl aiiniu ;iml In-aul all thai ua- -aid. Mr. -la.-.'l'
Kni--l\ i aim- mi hnr-i-Lai-k 1" Innk I'm' hi- -mi. II'- -lali-'l al! almiil llit-
in.inni-r i >1 l In- -li-aliiiL:' "1 hi- -nil. ami -an I In- had IM >u \i-ilrd ail ; hi- 1' "I _:>
nl 1 hi- i ! hi-i I nhc- \\'il IP ml -nci-i'--. M \ L: r;i lid lat lu-r had I n-'-n u il h tin Si-ii-
cra- -i i iinii'h 1 h;il In- -|M i|\c i In'ir laiiuuau'i- i| n il iliii-nl ! \ . 1 1 r \\ a- >ni- 't
t In- |V\\ u h" inadi- 1 heir i--ra|n at t In- ina--,n'M- ! \\ \ "ininu.
Tln-\ t.dk'-d a Imiu 1 in i'-. C\\\ did iml \v anl I" talk : di-nn-d i-\ i-r\ M-t-dl-
' -ct imi "1 hi- u hiti- aii'-i--l r\ . and utli-n i i-l n-i-d 1" -_ri\ r an\ an-\M-i . |-'inall>
\lr. Kni--!\ -aid 1" him. " It' \mi ait- m\ -"li. Iln-n \mii nann- I- .lai-nh."
U ith ihi-. ('rn\\ iinn|ii-d ii|> and -aid. "Thai i- ni\ name, and I am \nir
-' m: I 1 1 ' -i 'Hi -i i | hat . hut I ki'i'l it all t> in \ -i-ll' l> n I ra r 1 hat -nine I mils u milil
lain i i MI' and iaki nn- a \\ a \ .' I 'i n\\ i In-n -i-nl up In | In \\ \.ind"'- and had
111- l'i '-tr r-nii ,; In r i -i ill H' il< i \s n. \\ In i ciil ml M \\ at' d Ml. K 1 1 l-'-i \ '- \ i-l-in|i n| I hi-
-ti'a'nnL'i't h;- i-hild. '-In' \\a-a \i-r\ n]d -ipiau. and -;a\>-d -'-\'-ra! da\-.
.Hid a- l"im ,i- \l i . K ni-i-h -ta\ i-d. 1" -ai :-l \ In-r-i'il I na! < i <>\\ \s mi!d imi ^n
hark u ith hi- talln-i . M '. . K n !- 1 \ t rii-d r\ i-r\ \\a\ t.'j
i i,n I-, \\ it !i him ; n |Vn n-\ !\ a n ia : In- -aid t i'.i i hi- v. '?!. : ' ' - 'in<
t ;nn- : i hai -In- had i il m-d In: InT '"-' ': \' n\>\
I Id
lion. Tear- eame into his r\ r> when he looked at the old reservation, and
he reuretled 1 hat he had e\ er left.
W I ini tin Seneca- u ere paid otT. ( 'row ri-ceiv ed for his improvements nine
hundred and lift) dollar-, and anoiher Indian paid him fifty dollars on an
old delil. Martin I, am- ua-an interpreter for the Seneeas. and went with
them to thf \\i-st. and returned here.
it i- a mo-i remarkable fact, that while it i- \ er\ hard to make a
ci\ ili/ed man out ol a -a\ agv. the ci\ ili/ed man take- to -avage lite
likt a ii-l; to \\ ater.
* "1. M. Ilvam ua- the chie! agent for the Seneca-, and often -topped
itii l.atu- at the >picer pla< e. The Seneca- were \er\ slow getting
ivad\ to go. Pinalh the\ got their thing- on the wagon- and -tarted.
Spu er wa- dead before the\ left here.
( 'ro\\ died at hi- new home, of < hoi era. White ( irow got rich, and
adopted the name ot hi- grandtather Kni-ei\.
i -i i I.K PORK.
\ man 1\ the name ot liena/ah Parker li\ed on the we>t -ide ol the
street, near \\here l.oren/o Mibntt had hi- -lore, in the village then
tailed M< N'mt'- ( 'orners. atlerwards Swo|ie's Corners, and now l-'ort
Seiiei ,s. I'arker kept a \\hi-k\ -lioji. and often -old whisk\' to the In
i!;an- in violation oi la\\. and tor which he wa- irequently arrested, and
lined. N ft lu- went mi in hi- intainou- business. In the ni^lit ol the
;th o! ( )i tol MM", i S jrj. the\ we- re ha\ i DL; a h IL;!I 1 1 me at Parker's. The
\\hoir _.i:u wa- drunk, and Parker admini-trred a mock -acramcnt to
i- drunken < n i\\-d. Seated about on bem hcs. lu- pa-sed i orn d miners to
them lor bread, and \shi-k\ for wine, accompanied \\ith bla-phemou-
remark-. Pork wa- theri.-. Ilr \\a- a mean, ill -tempered -a\a^e. had
oinmittrd -r\era ri -r-. and had no redeeniini; trait about him.
Pork a-kcd tor \\hi-k\-. and Parker retu-iiiu. he became \ er\ angry and
liiilv. Parker onleri-d him out. and Pi irk reln-niL; to L;O. Pai'ker took a
b'iniiiiL: -' m the llreplace. .ind making with ( that towards Pork,
w.i- -tabbed b\ Pork -ide. Pork dropped the knife and ran.
Say- Mr. II.
M iiiii-lr. \n-oii i.ra\. \\a- at Parker'- at the time thi- oemrn-d. He
n-i-d tn drink \< e\ee-- often at thai tini". Imt he al'ti-rwards refnrmed.
I ieeaipe hinlilx re -]".-; a Me a i id u i-all h> .
mne. and u hen In- \\i-nt ! > ln-d he -1 nek hi- -< -alp in u
l\llili- : ' , .- rlo-r \,\ | : j^ lied, and \\ithili I'eaeliillU ili.-lanec.
' jii.i i ,i i! ieed ; hat ! he] e \\ a- -Mni-t h MIL; \\*i nim. and u lien I'm 1\ \\ a-
' I 1 -he li'i'K the knife a \\ a ', and put a \\ooden one in it- place.
ind Liet 1 1 HL; a u arrant d >v \ In- arre-t ot
I v .1 . dje .!,,, , I i ;,i M.II' . OKI ni' the l,.--t and im>-t iiilliit-nt ial ol' IIH-II in
I III II \KKI- I \ M I I \ . I I ;
thai \ieinil\. tnnk \\nli linn .Ii-nathan AI'I>"U. An^m <ii.i\. "Mi-pln-n II >-
.1 -ivmiah 1 1 ;i> s. .lull 1 1 1 1 a i i is. -<il is l'ik>- and i I rni \ Vc.iUs . Uh>-n I In-\ ^(
hi I'.-lk's hulls.- lit- pimped "Hi n| lied. l,,,,k In. ill 1. 1 the \\Mt.d.-ll kill!.', kl'-k- -I
i -Ml I lir lantern, a ii> I -I i iifk .1 IIML;I 1 1 in I mil \\ ii li I In- u li-ii k n: ! \\ it h --ii'-li
IHII-C Iha! In- cut hi- ln-lin--m.ide i-lnlli ...eiv.i! in Ihe skin. 'I'!,-- .link---
eallt-d mil. " IMA s. hi- is st.diliim.; ,,,,..' Th-\ li.iilah.ini st m-.'^'i- u itli tin-
\illaiii. I >i 1 1 linalh siil.d ned him. T!n-s pni him "ii .t In -i -i-. and ; ii-.i ii i ^ lei i
^"^elhei ninlei lln- In-i'se. in |Ti \i-nl esi apt . < M: lln- ua\ ' 'I'.'hii !n- s.ml
h i his fsi-nrl . |'i I-!IM ii : i >\\ lin 1 1 n- :" I h i n k ; n-_; ! ha I h- \s 'nl.| hi- i-\"-> - iiIi-i|
'I'hcv pill him inln lli.- nl<l III-\M-C| In- .11! thai -I I a' tin- s,nn h-t-.i-i mini-!
! lln-ciiiMt hi'iisi- \ aril in Tillin. I'^ik ua> Ir'n-il .liiil-i I ..m-- IM i-sii!jn^.
.mil S\a>si'ii! In tin- |n-nili-lil ial \ In! .1 li-rin n| Ihlri- \cais; lui; \\li.-n tin-
^iii-cas h-l'i hi- \\as pai'h im-il am! \\i-ni \\ith lln-m. Th< si-nii-ii'-i- \\;is maih-
liirlil fi urn l hi- I'ai-I thai I'ark'-r ha<l nlti-n \ 'miali-il I In- law . in si-llni-j u hisk\
in the Indians. Aln-1 Ifa \\snn \\as pi i is,-, u! inu al!<Miii-\.
I'aikn li\i'd siiini- lit'ti-fii iiionths alli-i In- \\as si;ihln-d . ;m.| din! h.im lln-
i-l'l'i-i-ls nl ihi- \\iniiid. as it \\as siip| M isc,| .
> in ii- ti'iir \ i-;n> at'ti-r tin- Sciifi-as \\ ml aua\ . .lisrph I I'-i i in . a hall I !.!> I
Mi -hauls, i -a lin- !n-rr i-n a vi>it. \\'hilr In-n- In- li-ailird I ha I I'm k had kilkd
.lis-ph Silas, a ntii>iii ul' his. Ilcrrin said: "'I'liis makrs I hn-i- < misins u|
mini- thai I'mk has killed, and \\lu-n I i-min- In-nii- I kill 1'i-rk." Hi- ki-pt
his \\ it rd. and u hi-n in 1 ^>L' \\ h ilr ( 'i i >\\ i-aim- In-i'i-. In- s;i id i ha! " 1 1 en i n
IsiH-rki-d I'lifk di-u n. and nit his t hi'- -at clear nil ."
I in! irrnch 1 s.i\ s ilia! 1'itrk hail < i iiiinntlril in- less than r:_;li; nriri U-i >.
lie was .1 (\i\nu.i. ,i sialuari. l>nita! minister, ami ;lu- renm 1-1' tl:e
neiuhtu ii'ln n > i. Il<- hiil killed Sti'i-n^ \rm le_;Maii:.i an Imii.in '
;ns trilte. Mist liet'itre 'He latal aitV,i\ \\ith I'arker. I'-ull: h.n! lu-eii a;
I i - \v e i >an'iiisk\. . 1 1 1 1 i r e 1 1 1 r n ; 1 1 L: 1 1 > < 1 1 u 1 1 r 1 1 n k . ^ 1 1 1 ; n ! 1 1 . i ! ; ^ i : t \\ i ; ! i axes-.
l'e< piania u a- ha- ih mangled. 1 )m inr I >n-sli.u h. < >i I'itnn. dressed his
\\iitinds. '.in he died :n nine d.i\s. 1'iirk aUn kilh-il " ri:i-'n.is Hr. null's
,iid \\ ilr." as she \\ .is ( ailed, u In - li\ fd ,n a i al>in 1 -\ her-,-' ;. lie nie!
her i -in d.i \ . killed her. and i > >\ ered he|- renia : iis \\ , ; ii 1 ir'ish .
1 '> -I-'K vvas seiitein ei i \> ir " s; altl t; iu u 1 1 h ; n' ent ! - k ill." in ' ''. I ' i ike:
i a se. ''ii the j.S; h i -t A | -n 1, i S ; .
Mr. I larris i,r..i , eds ;
\\ 1 1 ! |i- Mi. I nui iiham li\ ed in 1 he i nd eal iin neai N|e\eal's -; . .; e. l he \\ In -!i-
! a mi 1 \ ti mis siek . and in- -iii- uas al-le 1.1 hel|i I he H! hei . Mr- Man!>-\ \\ .-n;
:ip and \\ ait--d i -n ! hem. 1 >ne i -I i In- I ni: raham i;i r!s man ii-d a \h. \|.-i ,e--.
A I limit, tin- \.-nnu r ''sl --I tin- AI-l-Mf. lamiU . u In- i - --; !! !i\ inu.
( Hd Mr. \ndre\s I Mikes. ;,!s, , .,,, ,,),] ^ r n |,., .),,,, | ,,,,, s,m . .|, ,| m , and .'in-
daughter, suphi a. I -\ his m-^i \\ iie, 1 1 m 1 1 ,;-.!.!. M Itis seenn-l u ile. \I i -
( t il lit- S\\ iinm. ulni \\asa uid"\\.and ^isier i-i \l'. Is.iai I. I Minn'inl. lie
1 i \ fd in-ar tin- 1 >i l is i -s' i -in \ MI-J _: ! i 'i 1 1 n I . I >n lin -In I m..l l i'-d 'Id NI i . I >i ilsi-s'
daiiu'hlei. >nph:a. .l"hn I >nkes m ,! i i.-,| am -I In : isi,..,,; \| : . | ], ,,., .. , <
H \ K I ' H 1 1 ' k o K \
U'as a lar^e. noble looking man. and nearly halt white, about six loot
high, had little chin whiskers. \vas very straight and muscular, spoke
Knglish well, and was highly respected. lie had a large nose, and was
about tit'tv vears old when thev lett.
HOOD II IN I i.K
U'as of niediiun height, had a mclancholv look, most always drooped
his head, walking or sitting, but had a sharp eye. and was considered
smart. lie was a lull blood Seneca, a little grav. about fifty years old.
and took the place of Seneca John after he was killed.
SKXKCA JOHN
\Vas a splendid looking Indian, strictly honest, as many of the Senecas
were, was very straight, square shouldered, and had a frank, open,
noble look. lie carried a silver ring in his nose, and one in each
ear. He wore a fur hat and broadcloth coat, cut Indian fashion, with a
belt, and a silver band three inches wide on each upper arm. He was
a stylish man. and ot commanding bearing. He lived near (Ireen
Springs when he was executed, then about thirty-eight years old.
sKNKt \ STKKI
U'as a small Indian, very active, but there was nothing otherwise un
common about him. Seneca |ohn. ('oinstock and ('ooiistick were his
brothers.
M r. M ontgoinei \ preached Spicer's funeral sermon. ( icor^e 1 lerri ).
a halt Mohawk, was interpreter, and gave, the sermon in the Indian,
sen! ciii e bv si ntem e. Slo\\ preaching.
( hie of Spii er's boys. Small ('hmd. was a fine looking tellow. a hall
blood. He married ('row's daughter }>\ his IIIM wile. l.ittle Tou n
Spicer ha ' ir lour wives. I >oth t hese Spicer bo\ s went \\ est wit h
the >i-nc. as.
\Vhen . : iiai was buried they built a pen of poles about three
tVe! hi_!i ' gra\e, and laid poles over the top. Mefore thev
left I' 1 " \ ' ' pens awa\ and threw the poles over the bank.
('ro\< wa- i _in-at deer hunter, and shot m,ui\ a line buck alter nr r ht.
lie \MHild tllell < .UI\ a pole Ion.;, po;i
lork at the upper end. \ piei e 01 hark, about M:U i-n ;n. he- \\:d and
lu-i !eet h>n^. u.i-' tautened to tlie !>>IK -MI a-, to in. ike the !>ttoi.y level
and the oilier end 'tii kliu <Ip aioIU the |niie. like a h-fe! I \ i illdie
\\,t^ put into the bottom part, and * io\\ lioldm.; tl;.^ o\er hi- head., u a -
in the -hade, 'out ouid ->ee .ihjei t- lar oil | . : \\ould look a! ;!;
liLilit. aiui no! iiolu e ( ro\\ in "die dark A-- -.mui a- ( r\\ -aw a deci
Thi> \\a> i ai'.ed "lire liuiit in.;," and ( r >u would al\\a\-- :ra\el .don.;
ilu- ed_;e o; the river. vvheie the lieci \\.iulil i nun- do\\n : iir:nk .tin!
Tin- lrnl;.i;i> III.K!'- their w.i\ i .unilr- !.\ M-MI.; i . . ;..i \\ '., k-.
.tii'i |n)iir;!!^ 'in' niclU'd \\.i\ ;iiti> !r\ '."< K^ '. \.\\<- \\;ii! |i.ir-n: j-. uh : ' ]<
iln-\ u-cil .1- . ,miih- iii'HiliU. 1 !ir\ ti.nl .timtliiT li^tit tm IHUI-M^ u>e.
ni.nlr HI >tri] nl Ml ]i"t'k. \\iiii 1; urn- lirini in the < liiiniu-\ -, :.t>u-nril
tn ,i stii k -MI tii.it ;lu'\ tiling >' r.i;_h: > \< <\\ n. \\ hen i ir\ ,un I li.ini. the^c
uere -stu< k iiitu .1 hole iioi'eil iiitti a i iiiji. lor .1 i .unll<- >t:i k. .inl tlicn
lit, in.ikinu -i- n''>.| ,i h_;h; ,i> .1 < indie. I'll" n.tnir tor j i .imlU- \v.i>
I'll el'e U.l-> I ^I'e.lt i|e,ll ill ^li klle-. .iniollu^t tile >el!e< .1- ,;i iSjJ, .Mlii
lii.lll\ i ilei i. I he\ 1 iel ie\ ei 1 thelll>el\ e> ! >e\\ I !i lied. ,11,1 1 hi >1< !i P.; a i i inn
i il mi the -u!>|e< !. eoiitleimieil Imir jnnir old N^U.IU-, to In- tom.duukol
lor witi In rait. Ne\t il.ty. the^e s,|iia\\-> \\eiit to I ouer >ani!u^k\ .unl
iioii_;h! u-liiNkv. \\lien the\ i anie liaik the\ u"! drunk, and when in
t!ia! i olidltlon the\ -aid the\ were re.idv , and told the executioner to
iiit a u a \ . ( > i K Indian killed them all. II,-- name u a > | : : ; i ^ k \ .
>a\ > Mi. 1 1 art ;> :
A I'fU i|;i\-> alliT till 1 i-M-i'llt ji ill Milnrnt tlir llnli.lll-- hlvliulll i In- t<i|||;t -
ii;i\\ K ti i in \ ui Mil' I l.i I In- 1 '- ^In i] i. ti ' li;i\ i- i I put int> ' I n-1 ti-r ^h;i|n-. It \s a> .1
"\<\ pi- 1 1 in i. ilia u k >IMI|I ;iltri a \ iiiinu' 1 ml ian < aim- in an<l ^.i\\ I In- l"in.i -
1 1, i \\ k la\ 1 IIL; "\i i In- 1 naieli . \\ In-n In- I ifi iki- i iiit in a \\< Ml il i|i- i i.it h . and tulil
iiH- 1" la\ i! ;i\\;i>. In!' that had kill'-'l hi-- nianiina. lie tlii-n erii-il a'l'U.l ;i
lnir_; I inn-. 1 1 i> Miiim- \\ ;i-> < iii'nl >|iriiiLj.
Si-ni-i-;i .li'-i'pli had an M|I| ^i|iia\\ li\Miu \\llh him \\lin \\;i-> >n --pri I t -i i ..[
in-ill -4 a >'. it ' 1 1 . *ln- u a-> v i-r\ ->ii-|\. ;tn<l M r->. ^t .1 n \<-\ n^i-d t" 1^1 > n\ i-r In -.ri-
lirr nil -n. <>!!' i la \ . \\ I it- 1 1 -In- ran ii- i hi -re ! In- i i'n I M i H.I \\ \\ a- i|r:nl. aii'l ;il!
1 1 1 a u n 1 1 1 1 ' i ' " 'i-. <' I : -i' lli- \ maili- a eii inked ura\ e I hi hi-r. 'l'h>-\ la'.il I >a i k
nil ! lie In 'I I ' 'in . \\ : a |i|n-i| I ii -i in a i 'la nk i 1 . put I: ! ; n and ei i\ i-n-ii li.-i \\ it h
I iai k . and I I.eii ii! |ei| up i In- -r.p, r \\ M h d : n .
( Mir 1 1| I hi- >lii|i|n-> u'i I K eanie In nil i I ..... -.1- i iin- i la s i 'i i ! 1 1 1 : ^i -I iai k ; ha\ mu
heai'il -Miine uni\i->. !in\\i. -.hi- ua^ atrai I in U" hniiii- alniie. and --nine n|
niir l'i ' I k - had i' ' -_;i i \s il h ln-i . "-h'- alt 1-1 \\ a i d- 111,11 1 iei| .1. .|in Ka ki-t-.. and
Mr. !! /in Ui'k'-l-v in I |II|M-UI-|| lii\\n>hip. i- a -nil n| \\illi.iin Ui.'ket>.
lirnt her In .Ii ihn.
120 HISTORY 01- SKNKCA IXH'NTY.
The wolves used to make a fearful howl'my noise, which they sometimes
kept up all uiiilit. No one can now imagine what terrible feelings the howl-
ing of the wolves \\oiild create, on a dark, wintry niyht. when we were in
bed : Ihewohcs ho\\ liny on the one side, anil the Indians keeping up their
everlast iny t inn. t tun. t inn. on the ot her. dancing all iiiyhl .
MO i \i> r.i II.DI.KS.
There were se\eral mounds on the Culver place, and we often plowed up
hones and ancient crocker\. In ls~)0 we opened one of these mounds, and
found a \ er\ la rye skeleton, with a \\ell shaped skull, and a stone pitcher
near the head. The pitcher seemed to have been made of sand and Ha\.
Small vessels of the same material, filled with clam-shells, were placed inside
of the elbows. Some of these pitchers \\ould hold half a gallon. We yave
them to ( Jen. 1 Jrish. These things were as wonderful to the Indians as to us.
HORSK-RACK.
Some time after Doctor I >resbach came to Ti Hi n. he and Mr. .Josiah i led yes
and their riders came to the Spicer place to have a horse-race. They had a
straight track made through Spicer's corn lields. Dresbacli had a small yra\
mare. Hedges' horse was a bay belon,<>'in^ to a friend of his b\ the name of
Council. McNeal's clerk rode the I )resbach mare, and Albert 1 1 ei lyes rode
the Council mare. Hedges' bay won.
The same da\ the Council horse ran aainst some body's elese horse, on
the same track. At the outcome the bay stopped short and threw Albert
Iledyes clear over the fence, and he had his ankle dislocated. They came
down here to have the race, because they could find no other place ;.o free
from stumps. The track was straight from the bank of the river to the hill
where Mr. Toomh's house now stands. This was the lirst horse-race in
Seneca ci
'HA I 1 ' '! .!; \'II.
1HK SKNKCA C H i K I PkhSKNlS IHK GOVKKNOK Ul CANADA WilH >,: AVI k
1CAN SCALPS I ALL CHILI' I ML FUgUANlAS KILLING I Ml. sgt,'A\\ Oi
GKOKGL WASHING ION JL'DGL Hl.'LBURT CAI.KH K ! C K HKNj Cl'LVKK
RbV JAMKS H F1NLAV C. A I> I JOSLI'H MRS INGHAM C A I" 1 JOSKi'H
CAP I . SUhkWOOD SKL1CHO1 MRS IN I, HAM KAkl.V .\1AkklAGKS
Till. >e!iei a-* uere. .i! mil.- Mne ,n thru liUd M-\ . a \ e:'\ ;..iurrl':'
r;n c. and .1! M >;it i lir i inu- M! tin- rt-\ nlut inii.ir\ \\ ar ! he nn >^t - i\ .!_
and < nirl "i .ui\ ni thr>c iiin^t nii)n^trr>. \hi>ut ilu- t;mr thi-\ t'^ik
|>()>M-s>ii)n Hi thi'ir ri->iT\ at inn in SriK'i a < niinl\. ilirir \\,i^ , ( ,ij- ( r j\
aiu tiling U'l't "I tlu-ni. and (liusf ihal did ->cuU hrrc \\rrr , in:\<.-.|
ralililc i>t -^(Ari'al iriin^. hall lii'crd-^ and < a|ti\ *..
lui' :IK i IT ill an a < rii! ur\ lhi> I riln 1 had lu-rn in > nniai ' \\ ^;ii -lu-
\vhiu- rat r. in pcari- and in war; and mMrad n| di-riviu^ ih; iu-in-ii:
whii h naturally 'in^lu in ha\i- toll.i\M.-d. n-'im 1)1-, ;n;ima<v. ;!u-\
(k-ti-riorau-d t innri- al>H'< t !>arban~>in still. ,md du;ndl<-d d'iuii !n ,t
handlul Hi' dirty, siujnd. >:i]uT>t itinn--. wnrtliK^-< rabble. Mad iini
thi> i niinty nnci- bn-n thru' IMHIU-. and brt-n nanird attrr llu-tn. nb<>d\
uniil'l i arr t read or Irarn an\ tiling aboni them. \ - i-,, ;l u - rradn
A i Hi id ->i an c br ->at i-^iii'd. in |>cni> n_; a h >! n~\ i M tht> > > >".,\l\ . \\ : ; h. >;:
having an < i]i| >v\ un ; t \ tn learn ail thriv \\a-~ M| the in. a in! \\hat ihe\
were like \siieii t!ie\ I'Maiiied . >\er the ^I'n'.iiid tiiat < mi t a i'-- ^M main
ha|'|>\ hiiliH'-- )> iHiu eli|n\ed b\ the ]ien]i|e hen . \li the^e a';n^ ]'
IP\ nia^p . i> i! \\ere. -HH e ihe !a-t -atanii sell ni the-i i ,,';->,;x .><
ilu- \\if.d-, died MII the .U-M i' air.
I ' 1 , e manner in \\ 1 1 < h i 1 1 e \\ i ; : -. i i _ i r, e r 1 1 1 1 1 < n t . a r : .
\\ a r > \\ i I h 'he I n i I e d x ! a t ^ . i i \ making ! 1 1 e -M red n e n d - I i . i . . t n > :
- 1 1 1 , i . I v ; n _ ; h i n i \\ : 1 1 1 e s e r v t h : i u : i e ed I n i ' <> !>-,, r t ,,, i , . ,-;,.'
Tin- relation if I i real llritain with the western savages, and the
po\\er this ml all\ exercised mi the western Irontier. is clearly shown
in a letter that I >r. I'ranklin furnished the .////,//< </// Kcmemhrancfi', an
.aiithorin which n< >bod\ will dispute.
The I'.ritish uovcrnment had sent its agents to all the Indian tribes
to enlist the sa\ae;e-< against the colonists. The Americans sent
r.eniauiiii |-ranklin to Paris to secure, it possible, the aid ol l''rance
in tavor of his eountrytnen. 1'r. 1'ranklin wrote an article tor the
.////(;/('</// Kt'int'iii/'i'iiiii'i'/', which, in thai dav. exerted a very powerful
intlncnce in Loih Kurope and America. It purported to be a letter
from .1 I'.ntish officer to the (iovernof ol ('anada, accompanying a
present ot ei^ht pa< ka^es ot scalps o| the colonists, which he had
received t'rom the chiet ol the Senecas. As a very important part ot
the histon D|" tin limes, the letter should be recorded. It wasus follows:
.\P\<\ I r I'l. i:\si; Yuri: K\< Ki,i.r.\< > :
"At the ivimest ni' the Seneca eliief. I herebx si'inl to \oiir Ivxeeilenev.
under the care of .lames I Io\ t . ei^ht packages of scalps, cured. < I rird. hoopccl
ami painti-d \\itli all tin- triumphal marks, nf \\hieh tin- following is (lie
iiivuii-f and explanat imi:
\n. 1 ('uiilaiiiiiiy fort) - three sealps o|' ('OIILOVSS solilicrs. killed in
ditiereiit skirmishes. These are stretched mi black hoops, lour inches in
diameter. The inside of the skin is painted red. \\itli a small black spot, to
denote their heiirj; killed with bullets: the hoops painted red: the skin
painted brown and marked uith a hoe; a black circle all round, to denote
their beinir surprised in the niuht: and a black hatchet in the middle.
siL, r nif> inu' their beiim' killed \\ ill i (hat weapon.
No.'J Containing the scalps of ninet) -ei.^ht farmers, killed in their
houses; (mops red. liu'ure of a hoe. to mark their profession; Ljreat white
circle and sun. to -dio\s the\ \\ere >nrpi'i>ed in da\ time; a little red foot, to
show the\ stood upon their defense, and died li^htim;- for their lives and
families.
"Nil.:! ( 'oulaiuiui; ninety-seven, of farmers: hoops n'reen. to show that
lhe\ wen killed in the fields; a laru r e. white circle, with a little round mark
on it. foi a sini. to sho\\ ii \\as in the da\ time; a I thick bullet mark on
some, a halcliet mark on ot hers.
"No. ! Containing one hundred and t \\ o. farmers; mixture of several of
! lie marks abo\ e; on !\ ei^ht een marked \\ it h a lit t le \ el |o\\ Maine, to denote
their bein'_ r o| prisoner^ binnt alive, after liein^ scalped: t heir nails pulled
..lit |P\ the : ioi . and otlii-i torments: one of these latter he MIL; sn|i|i ( ised to
lie ,i! i \ me] icaii rler- \ in.iu. his hand I 'inn' li \ed to t he hook of his scalp.
MO . i a nmTs appear. b\ the hair, to have been \ on m, r or in iddle-a.ued
men, 'hire beiiiL; bnl sj\i\-si-\ en ser\ u'ra\ heads anioiii;' them all. \\hic-h
make- the ,.; .. ;ce more essenl ia I .
"No..", i ej- lii \ -eiuhi scalps of \\oineii; hair loiiLi 1 . braided in
Hie ll,d ' shou tiie\ Were mothers; hoops, bllle: -kill. \elloW
irfolllnl. \'. Itll lit t le 1 .-,] lad-poles. Jo ] epl eselit . li\ \\ a\ of 1 1 i II 111] ill . t lie t ears
ut uriei I'cca-iniieil in ilifii relatiM-: .1 Mack -calpm;,' knite "i halcln-t a!
tin- I'Mttnm. td mark thru lieinu' kill.-. I \<\ thu-e in-ti mm-nt -. >. \ i-nii-t-u
other-. ln'iii^ \er\ L, r ra>: Mark hoop-,; plain l>io\\n ciilni; no maik- IHII the
-!IMI I chili i>r '<' 'i i.. IM -h<iu the\ uere ki ..... ki--l <l>i\Mi i|eai. "i hail tln-n
Main- lieaten out
" NIL '. 'mi tain iii'4 "lie I in mi in I ami n i net \ -t hive \,\ -' -calp-. "| \ ai ini-
.ur-; -mall ureen liMop.-. \\itli u'lMiiml i>n the -kin. \\itli ivil leat- in th-
mulille. ami Mark mark-, knite. hatchet \ i-luli. a- th'-n ilrath happ'-ne,|.
"Nil. 7 ( 'iMitainiiiL.' 1 \\ci hnmlivil ami e|e\en '_'irl-' --ai|i-. \<\^ ami liltlf.
-m. ill \ellnu lii"'|i-; uhilc L, r i"iiml trai-. liat'-hfl aipl -falpinir kniti-.
"No. *> Tin- I'.U'kauf i- a mi \t nrr ul all tin- \ arit-I !- ali\ im-nt miM-'f .
in tlir niimlii-! nl' HIM- Immln-il ami I u i-ni \ -I u i >. uith a !"i\ n| Mii-ti I'ark.
t-itiitainiiii; t \\t-nt > -nine little inlant- -i.ilp-. nl' \aiiMii- -i/e-: -mall \\liil--
Iliiiiji-. \\Ilite ^rnllllil. tii -l|n\\ tliat llie\ \\e|'e lli|i|iei| nil! nl tliejr llli'tliel-.
u ninli-.
\\ llh llle-i' park-, the I'll lei- -em I til S Mill I'! \ i i 1 1 1 1 e \ the | i - 1 I M U i II li -peel h.
i|eli\el'ei| 1 1\ ( 'i 1)1 it ' "U'at ' '1 1 ie . i II i 'i il 1 1 Id 1 . 1 1 1 1 el'| U et ei I l'\ tile e|i|e| Mo.ile. tip
! r.nlei . ami taken i|u\v n li\ me in writ im, r :
!' 1 1 tn i- \\ e -em I \iui liere\\ ith ma n > -ealp-. that \ MII ma\ -ee u e aie i in!
ntle irieml-. \\e\si-h \ini t"-eml the-e -ealji- in the I , real Kim.:, that In-
ma> reLTanl ihem. ami lie rel'iv-heil; ainl that he ma\ -ee niir tail hi nine-- in
<le-t |'M\ ill'_ r hi- enemie-.aml lie enli\ilicei| that 111- | M'e-el it - ha\ e m it 1 leel i
maile tn an mitral el'nl penple." etc. A ML 1 1 i-t . nt < )hii\ p. I-' 1 .
I- tin- ivailiT .a ,i |o-~, to ilctennim- \\lin h i- tlu- nm-t !>\ri\ ot tlu-
t\vii tlu- AIIUT'I an i.i\'.ij4i' nl' thi- l!M!;-li -,i\ ,i_;r ihr _;r, cr or tin-
rci (:, i-r i >\ tin -r -ral-^
M> lather ua- the |{e\..lame- MMiil'j'inie|-\ \\hn\\a- appninii-,1 the iii-1
au r -nt nt the Seneca Imlian-. lie tnnk charge ul' hi- nilii-e in N"\emlier.
l^l'.l. \\liell \\ e lmi\ei| ililn the nM MI ick hi H l-e a! |-'i irt *>elieea. I VS. I- then a
little ^irl eiurht \ear- "M. l.uiii- Tniinania \\a- then the heail chiel' nl tin-
trilie.
Tall < hii'l \\.i- a tall. imM.- Innkinu' -|iecimeii !' an Imlian. -nln-i anil
hMiiniaMe. Selieca .li'hn. ^teel. l'MMli>tiek ami t'lini-tnck \\ere liel'heU- nt'
Tall ( 'hie | . ( 'i m i-t MC k ilieil \ ] \ -mlilenls u hen I 'nun -tick \\a-nii! \\ e-t IMI
-Mine I i I ne. a l|i I U hen he 1 'el 1 1 met I a II i I . \ e-t 1 irat 1 1 in \\ a- i ll-t it llteil IM a -i 'el la 111
I he m, iii ni-i Ml hi-ileatli. .Iiihn . hi- hi'Ml her. \s a- IMIIIII| LT'iilt \ nt ihe innnlei
h\ ha\iii'_; pri icin ei| the -er\ ice- nt a nieilicine unman uh.> .\< I m 1 1. !-terei|
pni-Mii IM I'nin-tni'k. ( 'niin-1 ick . >hane ami ^teel ui-re In- evnii inner- I
Ihink the p.i ! 1 idilai - i _;i\ | -n l'\ lien. l'>i;-h are. pcihap-. Ihe !u.',; e.i;-|i-e!
\ er-ii MI . .1 ; he u m ile a II a i r.
\\ e 1|\ .-il in the n|i| 'iln -khnll-e -e\ m M'.ll -. The picket- \\i-l e ;.i-i tllfl i-
\v In ii u e cam i . ~i 'i i ie n| them 1 1 ail I'eeii 1 1: i iki ii ' ! >\\ n .
The >eneca- u ei e an e\cec'l iii'^ls -up. I -1 il inii- penple. ami m>; u i! h-tami
in-j all tin- inlliience- lirnii^ht t.i lii-ar u|">n them in |n\ e ami emMace the
chri-liall Icii^lnll. the\ Uere \er\ -t Illiln il II. all'l -ee|||i-i| tn plelel theji
Illlt II tm e' I IH 'I ii HI- a I IMI It I he I )eit \ t n t Ile 1 ie.UI t 1 1 - i i| i||\ Hie Ie \ i 1 a I ! n| i .
I J4 HISTORY 01 SI.NKCA COIN IN.
Tin- lielief in u ill-lies \v;is ;t part <>t' their faith, and \\henexer anx tiling
occurred ihal troiiMed them, thex \\ere sure tliat some \\ilch \vas at the
liollom ut' the mischiet . Theil' \ eliLl'eance then ii'enerallx fell ll|>uli some
I ii u >r nil I s< 1 1 la \\ . \\ ln> xx as then almost certain of lieiny k il leil.
An i 'M si 1 1 ia xx . the \\ i t'e uf an I ndian 1>\ the name of ( f edi'n'e Washington,
an i>ll chief ilurinir I lit* iwohilionan \\ ar. ami t hen an old man. \\ a-- charged
uith lieiiiLia xx itch, and the \\lmle trilie \\ as prejudiced ayahiM her. She
xx a- -non i MH 1 1 In MI MM I In i lie. ami e\ en her h ii-kind cunsented to lie: ileat h.
The |>i u ir i ild sipiaxx \\ as at the hominx hi nek . pi mm I MIL;' hum inx . \\ hen t lie
Indian- came into her lint. Without anx further cercinonx . and \\itlioiil
a-kimr aiix ipies! in us. Shane struck her mi the head \\ it h a tumahau k. and
^lic leil. Shane then called a not he i' Indian to come and finish her. u hich he
did \er\ |ii'oin|il l\ . The hnsliand u|' the sqnau stooil ti\ and permitted the
outrage, without the lea-^t interference.
\V hen m> lather heard of this, lie sent fur MMIIC of the chiefs and told them
that if another circumstance like it was ever permitted to occur a_;ain. lie
\\oiild ha\e the matter in\ esl i^ated. and llie murderers' punished under Ihe
la\v^ of iheuhile people. This seemed to ha\ e the desired effect . and for
-~ome lime afterwards nutliinn' further was heard uf killing \vilelie> on the
roerve.
'1'he >encca> had their animal Lvreen-corn-dance. \\hich \\as a >orl of
t hanl\>L;'i\ inu' t'rulic. and differed \erv much from the performances uf the
di'.u'-dance. \\hich >eeined to lie a proceeding and cereimmx of a mure >aci'ed
character. The du^-dam-e was the .u'raml dance, and ^eneralh lasted nine
da\^. ll al\va\s tin)k place aliont the Ihuc of mir Cliristtuas. The\ \\onld
then dre>-> in their liest >t \ le. and ohserx e e\ er\ ride \\ ith ti'real pnnct ualit \ .
The dance commenced li\ one Indian shuutinu off his i;'im thronu'h the
Mnoke hole in the roof. The Indian^ then, all armed to the teeth, would
one 1 1\ one enter t he dance, one chief lead in L;. \\ hoop in ^ and \ el liny, d ruins
lieal im:'. chain^ i'at 1 1 im:'. etc. Thc\ danced up and down, and I he old ehiel>.
in a Cultural >uimd. \\hich a]>pi oximated a roaring, indicated the lime with
l heir Yah- 1 1 o- U'ah!" The Mpia\\ s ne\ er i la need with the men. In it formed
a rinn li> thcin^cU c>. The ><|iia w> danced to i heir own mii^ic. which wa> a
-,ort of \\ hi ne i in a Midi note, and seemed to come from a threat d i -lance.
Tlic\ leas', .d on the lie-! thai the forest and their lillle corn patdie- could
afford.
At .1 ' ertain pail of the dance one Indian \\ould appc.ir. dressed in a hear
-km. and a i in 1 , In ; in a deer skin, uith poll -lied lirass for 1 he e\ e> of t he
aniinal-N. to make t he figures look fcarlul. 'I'lnis lived up. ihe\ ran around
l!,e iiuu of dancers. '1'his \\as in sc;ire a wax the e\il -pirils. Tliex had
one da lice in 'he at ten n. and one alter -upp'-r.
\1\ tathd olP'il \\iiil oxer to Ihe council hoii-t \\hcre. and \\hilc. Ilir
i 1 , ,l !i''-- \\ d'c 'Joinu uli . |o keep the u ll ile peoplf f loll I -ell i I:L: \\ ll i-l\\ iii 1 he
Indian-. I "at hi i o| ten i a I l\cd to them a I u Mil 1 In-i r da iices. to asccrla in I heir
IIP -a 1 1 ! liu ' : o] ivill . 1 Mil Hex el' -lleeeeded 1 1 1 L;C| I i U U a 1 1 \ i III e| | i^'elit c\ pi a Hat ion
tioiii ' rlhei than ihi-. \i/: Thex -aid 1 heir ancestor- \\ere rich
,\: nil' 1 i!in> -I'd to --acrilice la! cattle and -heep: uo\\ t hi-ir child ren
\\.ii acrilice iln- l'c-1 thex had. and that \\a- llieir
\\ hit. .I"L'- .
MRS. > U.I N 1 M.HAM. I -* ;
U In-ll till' .loU- Urlr Iradv l lir -arl llj.-.-d. tlic\ llflil I licln ll|> I >> llirli---
ami -aid .1 lliu r ci-it-nii'lix i>\i-i 111. Hi; tln-li l!n-\ i.ii<l tin-Ill "Ii tin- IHHIIIII^
Io'4-ln-ap. I)UlillL, r !lli> pal! n!' lilt- |irl f.'l Iliam-i-. I In- Indian- -t""d al'Mllld
iu |'t-rlV( t *>n'Ucf. aluiiisl ui"l i"iili---. ;unl !""k.-d a- -nn-inn a-- tin- -_:!a\i-.
( KH..I 1 1 111 il.- 1 "llii-lali-d as pilot. A I tt-r tin- <!..-> \\ ,-iv la hi <>n I In- liiv. ( .... ..I
Illililt i laid a -p! m "t din-d In-ll'- "li tin- d"u r . and tln-n .-\.-i\ "llnT llnlian
ami -i]iiau did tin- -aim-, in itatit'ii. ami in p-it-.-t nlri. \\iiln-iil -;mim a
\\ "I d. Karl i d"L r \\ a- I'Ml I In MI ml i i In-, , -.-i .-iipin\ -i-parat.-h . A M>-1 1 liat . an
llnlian i-aiin- !'iiniiiii-_r in an>l -i-ati'-i'-d tin- and a-ln-- ail ai"uml tin- .-"iim .1
In >u-i- ami \ i-i I In- |n-i >p!-.
In ;ln- 1'iinal !' lln-ii .|i-ail. a In-li- \\a- li-t! in tin- l>"\. in-ar tin- ln-ai|. t"
li'l tin- spirit . -i "lilt- i In 'i >M nl i . a 1 1< I tin- i "I p-.- \\ a- -uppl iril u it Ii . ak.-- "I -n^ai
a i H I I'!'- -a 1 1 . A tli- 1 tin- I" i\ u a- li-t ill >\\ n in I" I In- '_M a\ < . I In- I IP I la n- mai rln !
ar'iinil i!. ami i-ai-li '!inppi-i| -nim- u'li-i-ii -pri:; npmi il \> i\ inm h liki- tin-
In n ia! i-t-ri-iin >n\ ut a nn-niln-i ] -i inn- -i-rivi -i n-i ; ) in tin- i'i--pr-l . :n 1 In -
<la\-. \\ln-n tin- _'ia\i- \\.l- lilli'il up. tin- -qnau-N pnl'ril tlnii lilanl\i-l-
!i n \\ at 1 1 >\ i- r I In-i i hcail- ami a- tai MII a- lln-ir i-llmu - \\ miM i rai-li. ami
crii-il \\ith a -ml nt Imuliii^ \oii-f. \\lnli- tin- nn-n -! I nn >1 i< 'iil --. ami
loiiki-il nn u it liMiM -In-ililiiiLT a ti-ar.
Tin- i-'hii-t. Tniiuania. had a t\\in -i-t'-i \\lin \\;i- a nn-d H-I m--\\ i .ina n. Tin-
1 \\ in- \\ fi'i- I" M n \\ il 1 1 i Mn- r\ r i-ai-li. ( >in- 1 inn- m\ im >t In-i w a- \ i \ -n k .
a IP I ! il u a ill nl a lift trr i|i irti ir. \\ i- -cut t < M I h i- - 1 1 la u . Tin- -n"\\ \\ a- \ 1-1 \
<|i-i-|i. ami \ct -In- \vclit init intci tin- \\mnl- \\ith a lim- ami _''! -unit 1 !n-il>-.
Tln-h -1 if i-aim- i '\ i-! 1 1 1 i MM IP Mi-f ami madi- ' i-a \\ it h i ln--t- In-i I - ami i in nl
imt In-r.
\\ ' ,n\i-i! tin- I'M -i|iia\\ \t-i\ mm Ii atb-r thai, ami a ! u a \ - niaili In-i |i-i-I
\M-l.-niin- ;M "Hi I.Mii-i-. \\ In-n latin-! >lie.i. -In- at 1 i-m |i-> I hi- lum-iiil. and
-t-i-nn-d ! ' ' I ii- \ 1-1 \ inui'li alli-i-ti-d .
Tin- r.-na/,iii |';ii kt-r. u tin \\a- -laMinl i>\ 1'i-ti-r l'i n k . \\ a- a man a!><>u!
li\i- let-; -i\ iip-ln-- hiuh. ut diii'k n iinpli-\ii MI. dark hail and .--.-. and \\a-
ai'ini; lhi!i\ --i-\i n \i-ar- "Id. Tln-n- \v;i- ipiihin^ pri-pii--i---iiiL; in ln-
appi-a i aii'-i-. 1 1 \\ a- -la I >l>rd in I )rti il H-I . 1 --J.i. it m 1 i ! 1 1 -i I -i inn- t inn- in t In-
n n MI' 1 1 "t .lit 1 1 iiiiiA . I v". I .
.laipn-- 1 1 nil ml and >ln-pln-nl I'iilrp k Imnulit I In- land, u it Ii tin- "Id l'"i t .
ili tin- -alt--.
|-'al hi-i iiad i-hai _;! "i 'In- Indian- -nim- i'-n \i-ai-.iiml up I" tin- tinn-"t
hi- di-ai 1 1 - u In Ii I ii-n. I I en r\ < . Ill'l-h l""k i-har^i- "I i In- a^t -I i-\ . a ml il \\ a-
U"! l"m_ r at ti-r 1 hal \v In-ii I In- I ml ia n- \\ 1 1- la!%i n a\\ a\ . I I h ink ; ; i i-ipii < i-d
niil\ thn-i- "i i"Ui Uiiymi- l" tiiki- all tln-ii thinu-.
Mi. I I H !i MI I 1 \\ a- "in- "t t In- In -I a --in- la! i ' i id _;(- "I ! In 1 i "iirt "t i 'lnni"l;
lli--h.iiiil \\ill pi'ip'Tl inin-d: hiidadaik > "inpli- \ imi . da I k hail ,:ml i-\.-. a
Inu h I"! i -In -ad. pl'-a-;int and ui-nl |i-m;in I \ in Ii - - i nii-i i "U i -i- \\ it h pi "plr. \\,-
\\ ;i - . i n ia n i -I i \ i 1 1 1 plii i \ r I i;i i ai 1 1 i . la 1 1 i -d u - - i i " 1 1 and < \ i 1 1 < 1 1 1 > 1 1 < I _ r n P - n !
I 1 1 i ! i ! " \ i ' i ' 1 1 1 ii 1 1 1 i i i ' Ii i i - a 1 1 1 1 i - - 1 > i u i ' 1 1 , ! ; v. I . i k 1 1 1 \\ him. I I ' ! a 1 1 _; I : * 1 1 1 1
!ir-t LM aiiiin.ii -' h""! in t hi- r. ,11 ni \ . \| \ -i~; i \[,- 1 :.i \! i -. l\i i n ainl m\ -!l
atli-nd. d In- -i h""l. lit- ua- ii nn ml" i "I II.. i ': . -1 .\ ; i i.in . ivli \\Ini
In -"M hi- !'"! I "-IIP -i .1 I arm . in i j h; : ', HP I u h> I '..:--;. |.i : , i,~. ,|,
house In- liiiili ;it FOI i >! "phi-ii
oil the ea-1 -ide.
! A! the tirst celebration of the hall le of Fort Stephen son. on the 1.M da\ of
Am_:ii-i. l-::'i. \i,. Klutherns ( 'ook delivered hi> oral ion from tfi;it porch to
lilt- a --e m bled thousands. U hen M I's. I 1 1 Chilli! sat b\ ;i \\ ilidou . inside of the
house, and the writer stood near the porch. listeniiiL:' to the oration more
than fort\ \ears ;i;_jo. Mrs. i n^liaiii \\ as an old \Vhiu'. and therefore eiijox ed
the speech. \\ hi eh was more of a political than historic character. an< I there-
fore out of |ilace. while the writer did not like the ver\ mail) bitter remarks
luirled at the I )emoeral ie part), which lie then thouirht \\ere ill-timed, and
thinks so still.]
Mr. Iliillmrt opened a store in Lower Sandiisks. lie \\as afterwards
elected a member of the House of liepresental i\ es. in the legislature of
< 'hio. from Sandusk) count) . lie d ied of con sumption. I )eeeml>er '2~>. 1 >">>.
Caleb liice \\as the nearest neighbor \\ e had. lie was a millwright !>>
trade, an excellent^ mechanic, and a ver\ intelligent man. lie built the mill
for the Senecas at ( Jreen creek, about one-half mile belov, the springs. He
wasconstantlv invohed in law-suits, occasioned b\ his general disposition to
e\ade his promises, lie was a bad financier, and outside of his intelligence
and mechanical skill, of ver\ little account.
Henjaniin ('nh'er. another neighbor. \\as a ('anadian b\ birth, and pos-
^essed of considerable wealth. lie bought the best farms on the river
bottom. He \\as about fort\-eiu r ht \ears old when he was married to Mis^
Harris, who was then a beautiful \onn.u' siirl. Miss Harris \\a^ the onl\
\\ hile ^irl at m\ broth ei - 's funeral. \\ ho died at the fort in Is^o. Mr. ( 'nl\ ei
\\as a man of excellent heart, a true friend and a t^ood neighbor. The onl\
I -i n It in his life \vas his lo\ e fo|- st ron^ drink. He died in Is in. when he was
a boil I si \t \ \ ears old.
William >picer \vas a \\hile man. and \\a^ captured b\ the Indians \\hen
'iiiite \OIIML;'. He spoke the lanu'iia^i' ol the ( dxiiLJ'as and the Senecas
liueiilU. lie had accumulated a ^oml deal of inoiit \ at the time he v\a^
robbed. A man b\ the name of IJollins \\a-~ ^ent to the penitent iar\ for Hie
robber> . 'mil it \\a~- u'enerallv be|ie\ed thai olher-> iroi the nioue\. Spicer
^\as \er\ iilth\ in hi> personal appear, nice perha|i^ ne\er \\a^hed hiniselt:
at lea>t. In- |ool s ,-d a-~ if his face had m-\er coin>- Jn contact \\ ith the element
ailed \\ater. 11'^ iioii->e wa^ the dirtiest o'l th:- l'ese)-\e. Ili^ Voice \\a~-
loii'^ii , !)nl e\t ri'l)ii - !\ ofl'eli>i\e. lie was respected b\ liol'od\.
< : o\\ wa^ a ( iei'iirm l>o\ . and \\ a^ Molen i >> i li>- \\' \ a in lot -> in < reenlii ia i
iinii \ . I 'en n->\ !\ a n ia. \\ I !'-n < j 1 1 1 1 e \onnu". Hi-- I at lie r. .la col i K n i->cl \ . ton m !
him here lift \ \eai^ after he wa- -loleii. M > father \\eii1 \\iih Mr. Knise|\
i" |oo|, him up. l'r. k\\ rc'fu^ed to -'o \\iih hi- f.ithei'. The nui-ltii^ and
parliim of |.it her and -on u;.- \.T affecting on the purl o| Mr. Knisel\.
( ;..\v ili-l in >t -eeln to e. i re miieh. \\ \ !ai he: oft "I I -Poke a boll I t liK -ceiie.
u t ! h 1 1 1 1 1 < ! i 1 1 e 1 i n _; .
Hi- i >' ' r of M i . I -a a i 1 . 1 >unioir I cane 1 le-rr \\ ; l h hi- !a mil > -h< ''! i >
ia;.d -a !-. -i lid -;.;.; ne., ; i !: lo! i . I b \\a-- a man aboii! ii\ e
! i ' i ! . : . - I : j 1 1 . i ' M 1 1 1 ! ' ; ' v i I ; ' i 1 . a 1 1 d - ' i \\ o i -peei h . I I e \\ ; , - k ! I id
,. ( id kUul a 'joo.| i :':_', i <:. Hi- ;aini!;, ion-i-lcd o! \\iie and
- i;, - .1 li'! i ,:'.! ii- i:o ! - ' 1 ' . I 1 1 i 1 1 .oi-d \ . - i lilt Inbi I
"I tin- "|. I -chi.nl ltaptl-1 church. |-;|,|i-r Kahili i.llcii |i|t-;i.-hi-.| ii, Mi.
1 hiiimnt - cal>in. I le !i\ cd here -. Mm' 1 \\ el-, ' . f,u> aft'-i IK- -.11 IP-, .ui'i di'-d
in .1 -mall halm- hnii-e In- had Imiii m-.ir lh'-;' <-.iliii. am! c\-~<- \ \\\<- tn.id.
I heard tin- l{i-\ereml KI.IH il I'MI'I". pn-ai Ii \\< n. ami atl'Tv.aid- In- -<MI.
.lauio 1'. Kinlev.aml -111! lab-i the m-phi \\ ..| tin- iatli-i. The-, u.-n-al!
/real pi ' adicr-. and nun \ hmh -landing in tin- -; imal ! MI "I 1 he pei.ple.
.laiuex \\. |-'inlc\ \\a- alum! iitt\ \ear- "1 a lie uhcn I -au him. a man i>t
-Inking per-i.nal appearance. aln ml li\e 1'eet ti-n imln-- hi^h . he,i\ \ tmilt.
\er\ -t rai'_ r hi . u i! Ii liu'hl I-CMII|'|I-\ ini. liulil li|-un liair. ainl u'i p a\ e\e>: lii>
iVat ui't-> \\rri' rr^nlar atnl ]]'< >iniin nl . In- i-iMinti-iiaiifi- ua- i-x prc--i \ i- aii'l
rarin'-t. ami hi- maiim-i- \\nc naluiallv Uiml am! \\ inn'inn. \< 1 tln-ri- \\a^
irrcat turn- and ilfi-j-jnii "| rliararlfr almiii hi- LTfiii-ral inal\i'-ii|i. lli--i-!-
iimiix ut-i'i- in riint'i)i-|iiil > \\ith In- ai'i't-ar.iiH-r ami Innpi-i 'aim nl I'Mcil-lc
am! i-nii\ incitiL;. Hi- \ nirc \\ a- l"m| a if I clear ; In \\ a- a u'" 1 "I -MIL:'-!, ainl a
trrcat rc\ i\ al |>i'i-ac|icr. lie I lunged in t he I I'liana cin-nit . \\ hei hi- t'at In-i
(ireached liet'ni'e him. lilll 111- -el'\ ice- \\ere e\1emled 1 hrnii'_f||i Mil imrtli-
\\e>tel n ( Hiii>.
II i> seareelx ne< e--ai\\ In add that lliere \\ere m-iiln-r melndenn- IHM <>\ -
L. r an- In a--i-l in the -inuim_;. and churclie- that cn-i II.MII lliirtv \ lil'iv
tlimisaiiil dullai'>. \\ itli i)p/an> that c-i m,,. thnii>and dnllai - i iih'H-. u eie
lint thought n| ill Ihn-e da\-. ill llli- I'e^inli.
Seneca .1 nh 1 1 n-eil in L. r et drunk ncca-ii >iia 1 1 > . a ml il I i'n ul iled m\ I'at ln-r \ er\
niucli tn a-ce rlai n the \\ a\ .Inhn i_ r ' 'I lii-^ \\ hi-k\ . lie final 1\ hit up' >n a plan
In catch a man \<\ 1 he name < >t lirmmhinn . \\ Imm he had -11 -peeled !ni -nun-
1 ime. He tiinU Mr. I -aac I . I >umniid. Shane and .Inhn u ilh him In UrmiLile
iiMi'- mie e\ eiiiiiLr. Father had dre--ed him-eH' in Indian cn-tnnie. ami
u hen the pail \ \\ere-M-ated amund mi hem-he- in Urmi-hlnn'- h,.ii-e. .Inlm
called tnr sv lii-k \ . and al'I er drinking -nine, handed the Ljla-- n\ T In |'al ln-i .
\shnla-ted i! 1 n I ic -lire that it ua- \\hi-k\. Then latlier !lne\\ hack hi-
leal hei - and Ha nkel . and \\ lien I Irmiuhli >n recuLi'ni /'-d Ii i in he a I nin-t -ank
Illlii t lie LTnlind.
\ I I'-i a se\ ere i cp: : ina nd I'rnm lather. I >rmiL;1iI nn prnm i-cd in >,-> | n< > mni'e
\\ln-k\ In Indian-, and he \\a- let -jn \\ilhmit pniii-liinciil In;- ihe tune
hem-.
^1 eei a lid ( ' i-I h'k ! n ikeil III ;: 1'1\ ali l\e. and In 'i 1 \v e ! c a I " '1 1 1 !i ' j I la ! I e!
\\ 1 1 i',e. ( 'i in i -I nek v. a- a in'.' I >! i I 'a\ ULi'a , \\ i i i d i - -< -d . i i '.' ' : i , ^
a i la -h i UL:. line Ii ink i ti'_; and -> >i iei I nd iar . I 1 1 u a- m >i a- !ai _ a- ; hi- ! hei
c 1 1 let -. i a 1 1 ii-i -n i a ! i nn I i ie ci i!ii ra F, . ! 'i 1 1 - , i la i'i ' \ I H 1 1 i i . \\ ; ; h all ! . -- _:.!'. < ', \
IP- u a- i Mm | e-, | and re-er\ ed . and h ; ni i! \ I'-t'-i'ii i- d I >\ I ndia n- and u h i; -
Tmpiania. ,i hall lifi-l hei In !I.MI| dm-l 'I'-iiipian; i. \
: tin in i h< I 'reii'-h -IT', ii e. 1 1 e a iid h ' - - - -'. i ' . i ; I "t h : I r ! , m > ; ; ! .
U hde n, ; ice ,,! the l':--i.' I . Tn. Kama i an . !'-
ua>< an : m n il- \>.a- a!-, cm ., -;. ' !., ., 1'-. . , ..d had ,-m
iMaeed t!:, .::j'..n : and in ..;:.:. -..!' : ,!!. . : i-:n- a
I jS HIsKiKY OK SKNKCA rOCNTY.
uasnieeh braided. Yen proud of his education and French training, he
often |iut mi li'i't-at airs, and said. " This is the way tin- French oHicers do."
His overhearing disposition often .uot liini into trouble with other Indians.
allot' whom he regarded as vastly his inferiors, and very t'reimently father
\\as railed n|i. in to settle his tnuililes for him.
A man h\ the name of Keeler lived near the river Itank. He had a famih
ot >i\ children: lie eame from the state of New York, and bought forty acres
of land. The famil) suffered Breath \\ith sickness. I don't remember what
became ot' t lielll.
Alexander McNntt and his brother. Daniel McNntl. were also here in
1 *>!'.'. I )aniel had a familx . and Alexande.r married a sister of Isaac 1 . I >n-
mond. M\ father solemn i'/.ed their marriau'e.
U illiam MontLjonier\ stai'ted a store in Is:!.'!. HI a lo<r cabin, in the village
1 hat !-> nou railed |-'ort Seneca.
Kliphalct 1 {o^ei-s bought a farm near Wolf creek. He married Hannah
Jackson. \\lmliad lixedat .Mr. Howe's a loi^lime. Holers was an honest .
home-spun sort of a man. His fai'in became afterwards known as the
Snook farm.
Alinon Kollins married Mar\ Sherwood, ami Loren/o Abbott married her
^istei' .leaiiette. The t \\ o couple \\ere married at the same time. Jeanette
\\as then .mix foiii'teen \ ears old.
< >ld Mr. Sheru ood \\a> captain of a militia compan> . and ver\ proud of
his Mat ion. He wa> a .u'reat talker, and somewhat boast fill. I Ic did not live
to be \er\ old.
Mr. William Harris, the gunsmith, was a man about ti\r feet ten inches
hiLih. >toin and \\ell liiiill. lie uas |ioor. but a man of considerable refine-
ment . and M rici !\ Imne.M. He di'ank some, but not to excess. He came
hci'e \\ith hi>!'amil\ after the Harnex s. Imt before the I )iimonds. and \\a>
anioiiii'M the tii'st that settled near llie t'ort.
Tin- I 'ike> and t he ( 'hane\ s li\ fd on the Spicer place \\ hen we came to the
fort.
There were three iif the>e Tuunaii ia>. ()newas the head chief, another
u,i- the Joseph, and the third \\a-^ the Armstrong Tiiii'iiania. the son of the
< 'lie >'\ ed Hied ieine \\ olnail.
\IK>. s.\I.M I M, II AM.
I lie siib jet t . /I this sketi h \\ a-, burn in Champaign county, ( )hio. on
'hi |ih da\ .it rVbrnarx. [Si i. She is the hlU) child of the Rev. |ami's
\l . i!itu c 'tner\ . and was but ei_dii wars old when the tainil\ moved into
bl< >i kho'iM a! I ori Seneca. -die L;rrw up from childhood into
bio. .mini: maiden, on the banks ot' the old Santhisky, among a k-\\
i r- on one side, .unl the Senei as on the other side, of the
A !d and rural s ( eiie> oi her . hildliood. she lived under the
ani t nar\ . blessed \\ ;th I he love of < hrist ian parent - .
-p'tsiiion. tliat Id -, tl-,i- o\\ ner look in .on the MIIHU side
\ik>. > \l I \ IN.H VM. i :>>
ot liu- a l>!e-vin_: th.il ne\er lor-ook her in all her l;lr l<>n- path
\\ a \ .
I <>r \\atit iii other >< hooK -he rei ei\ed !HT pnmarv edu. alion in tin-
hoiiM hold, and afterward- took le--on- in l.nuli-h ^raminar tr-nn hidm
Hiilii'.irt. >he aK<> attended a grammar school taught \>\ Kd-on !'
(init, l.-<|.. iii I.'iucr Santi'i-^ks. ( ihi. \\ ;:h tli:^ training ->lu- \\ t>
riiaii'i-'l !'>tcaih sihinil lu-r-rli. anil krp! her i'ir->( Mh<>l ncai l'hn
('rnm'-. "ii thr -.tati- fM.nl. ihn-r nuir-- north "I Tittm. and alter t!n
ilr-itli of her tatlii'r. ^hc taught : \\ o \rar-~ lon-rr.
\\ !:cn >hc \va-> al>o'it ^cttin.; rcait\ to attciul tin- grammar - hool a:
i ivmoni. -!u- unit to \1( Ni-il'- -.tur.' at 1'ort Hall, to lm\ a jiair ot
shor-. Mr. >arili> l'.;n haul -ohi ihcni to hrr. He wa^ then < U-rk in
the -tore, anil altrrwards !>ri ai;ic taniiharU knoun ni l.oucr Saiiiluk\
li\ t!,<- nanu- ot I'niuc 1'ii' 1 hanl. the UIK lr oi I'rr^hk-nt lla\r>.
< >r, the j;th >la\ ot Manh. i^^j, Mr-. In^hani ua- inanini to Mr.
M i Ito-j 1 i ar\ . a voiin- tanner in 1'lea-anl to\\ n-hi] i. in ! hi- < oiint \ . who
il : eil .n r"-;. 1 . Xi'ter UN ill:; in uiihmhood -e\en!eeii \ear-. -he niarrieil
.! M' Alexander In-hatn. trout Cle\ eland. ( )hi... who al-o died in April,
i - 7 .
Mr-. In^hatn :-- -'ill in the enio\nient o! _;ood health, and the -anie
i'.i! h.ipp\ di-po>:tion. She ha- a nio-; retnarkaliie ineinor\ ot pa-;
i'\ i. ;,;-. 1 lie name- o; per-oii-. plai e- and iiu ;dent - ai'e at her t >n^ue -
end. ..; her ready delineation :- ea-il\ di-rerniMe !i\ readin.; he;
lUlrTit* ' \ e. >he ha- her lather - teinperanient and appear.uii e. -trough
tiuirki d. II'."' i on\ er-at;on i- Iioth in-trm ti\ e and a in !;-;;;_;. < <>',> he> ;
,;i -plv.Mid.id l.i,^l:-li. and -wee'i ;ied li\ hei' " hn-t;an 'r.i:n:n^. uh;i 1.
".".i oi -i :'i:i-i\ i rop- i in! on e\ ei'\ 01 i a-ion.
!; -:.' e\ er had an eiienu. he inn-; ha\e died ion- a_o. She :-
i <': >\ t d i i\ all u h.o know lu-r. and well oine at e\ er\ door.
Mr-. lii_i>ani had \".i < hildren lanir- U. I rar\. \\ho \\ i- married
- Ha'!..' I .. d.i'ijhte: <! the Rex. \iidreu-. He died : n 1'iltin. in
Mail h. iS/,_>, well knoun anioii:; the men han!- and h't-ine-- men ot
1 M.;;. l.tn:l\. now the \\iie o| |ai oli i'.akei : Sarah, who \\.i- married
I }0 HISTORY OK SKNKCA COUNTY.
i
to Ral|)h dates, and died in 1877; Justin, who died in 1863. as a pris-
oner of war in a rebel hospital in Danville, Virginia.
The writer, in gratitude for her many narratives of men and things
pertaining to early life in Seneca count}', can only wish her many
more years of lite in the enjoyment ol her happy nature, in health,
comfort and contentment.
CHAPTER VIII.
DEATH OF COMSTOCK SENECA STEEL DEATH OF SENECA JOHN COONSTICK
TRIAL AND DISCHARGE OF COONSTICK JUDGE HIGGINS DECISION
JUDGE BIRCHAKD S STATEMENT BENJAMIN K. WARNER HARD HICKORY
AND HIS DEATH IMMIGRATION OF THE SENEGAS TO THE NEOSHO AND
COWSKIN RIVERS CHARLIEU THE GIRTYS THE DEATH OF DRAKE
Gr.M'.UAI. Ilenrv ('. r.rish. who >m < eeded Mr. Mont-finery in
tlu- agency ot llu- Seneca-, relate- the billowing nn :dent as
illustrative <ii" the superstition ot' tin- Sonera Indians, ami <>\ the
composure with \vhi<h their warriors would inert death. The tnl>e
had dwindled down to about totir hundred souls:
About the \ear I^J'i. three ot the pi ominent chief- < 'oonstiek. >teel ainl
Cracked Hoot', unit on an exclusion to seek a new lionn 1 and fresh hunting
grounds 1'or their people. 'l'lie> returned after an alienee of uearl> three
\ears. Cooiistick and Steel \\ere liroiliers. The\ liad left tiehind them an
older l>n>ther. < 'oin stock . \\ lio \\ a> chief ot' t lie t rilie. and a > oun^er IM "1 liet .
loliii Seneea John.
Tlietuo In othe|-> u ho liad u'one \\ e^t . tindiii'^ on their return that their
elder lirother. Coin>loek. was dead, and that then \oiinu r ei In < <\ ln-i . John.
\sas ehiel' in his stc;n|. charLTed John \\ith haxiii^ eau<ed tin- death of
t 'on i stock l'\ \\ itrhcraft . He denied t lie ehar^e. and sa'nl ;
"I Io\ed lll\ lirothef ('olllstoek Illore thai! I lo\c the ^I'eell earill I slalld
Upon. I \\ollld -i\i' IllSself llji. lilnli li\ lilllli. pieeellli'iil |i\ p i i < '( !i !, I i 1
\\ould shed ni\ Mood, drop l,\ ilrop. to |-e-lnre him to lit.-."
lint all tln> protestation of iniioeeiiee. and lo\e foj hi- liroth.-i. \\.i~ ot no
a\ail His liroilii-r> told Mm that he must die. and that ii ua> tln'ii dut\ \
lie hi-, e\eel|< ioliers. John calml\ I'fplieil :
"I am uillin^ to dif. I ask onl\ that \n \\ili allou nn- io ij\ r until
l'-iiioi f ro\\ uioi niim. I hat I max see tin- sim MS.- niiee more. I uil! sli-rp
to ni-ht on the poieh of Hard II iekor> '> loj^e. \\ hi.-li front s t| t ,- eat. Th.-iv
v . on \\ 1 1 ] lii id mi- a I sii n-i isc."
Thes aeccdcd to his re.|iii-st. ('ooiistiek .in I ^teel. a\\ailiiiL, r th'- nioiniii'4.
\\ hen the\ uei'e to kill their hrother. |i is-,,- I tin- niu'ht in a lodtre m-ar h> .
lu the nioniiirj;. Ihe\ pro.-rrd.'d to the hut of Hard Ili'-kors. \\ho li!ins,-!f
'"Id this sto|-\ to (,rii. llrisli . ||r -aid that iu' as iln- -nn u.is rising, he
h.-ard the approaching 1'o.iiMeps of th-' lirothri ,. and op -n^d the door of his
lint to peep out. There lie saw John a-deep. w rapped in his liianket . His
h rot hers awoke him. I le arose and took from his head a l.tix'- 1 liandkerclm-t .
\\hich \\as \\oimd around it. His hair, \\hich uas \ei\ IOIILT. f<-ll upon his
l^J Hlsi'OKN (i[ Sl'.NlA A COt'S'TY.
shoulders. The doomed diii'l' looked calmh around for the last time upon
tlic landscape, ami upon the rising sun. taking, evidently, a farewell vit-\v.
ai.d then said to his brothers thai he was ready to die.
The brothers had brought with them another Indian warrior l>\ the name
of Shane. ('oonstick and Sliane each took .John b\ tlie arm. and led him
aloiiLT towards the place of his execution. Steel followed behind with his
uleaminu tomahawk in his hand. The\ had advanced about ten steps from
the porch \\ hen Steel struck his brother a hea\\ blo\\ with his tomahawk.
upon the back of his head, lie fell to the ground, as the Mood unshed from
the dreadful wound. Supposing him to be dead. the\ draped him beneath
a tree near b\ . Tliere. percei\ int;' si^'iis of life. Steel dre\v his knife and cut
his brother's throat from ear to ear. The next da\ the corpse was buried
with the ciistoinarx Indian ceremonies.
Tlii-> horrible scene occurred in Seneca count) in the year iSjN.
Steel was arrested and tried in Sandnsky < onntv. and was acquitted.
Sn tar. Abb.
l'mteiTield has this in addition. vi/:
Supposing this blow siitlicient to kill him. the\ draped him under a
peach tree near b\ . In a short time. ho\\e\er. he revi\ed. the blow having
bet-n liroken li\ the ureat mass of his hair. Knowing that it was Steel who
had ^triick the blou . .lolm. as he lay. t n rued his head towards ( 'nonstick and
said : "Now. bi'ot hei 1 . do yon take \ our rc\ en^e."
This si i opera led upon the feelings of ( 'ooiist ick. that he interfered to save
him: but it enraged Steel to Mich an extent, that he drew his knife and cut
John"., i hi'oat fn >m eai' to car.
< it-ii. I'.rMi also said:
Three years thereafter, \\hen 1 ua> prepariiu t" reinoxc them to the \\cst.
I sa\\ t'oon-tick and Steel renioxe the fence and le\el the ground, so that no
\eMJL:c of the '_;]'a\e reinaMied. .lohn clio^e the place for hi^ execution near
I 1 ard I i ickor\ "> lod^c because he d id not wish to be killed in t he jiresence
of !::> \\ ife. and because, also, he u anted I lard 1 1 ic|\or\ to \\ it nc that he
"d icd like a man."
J'ul.u'e lliu_;!ii-. in a communication to Knapp'- History of the
\1 auinee \'alle\ . ^avs:
l'p"ii the extinynishmenl of the Indian titles, there were several tribes
that cohtinned to oceiipx their foi'iiier homes, and retained theii' titles to
-mail reser\ at ion> of land. Ainoliii t hese I lidiaiis \vas the t ribc of Scnceas.
u ho he|i| a n-ser\ e of ten ini les si pia re. on the Sand n>k \ ri\ er. a t'e\v mi le-
abo\c Freini.nt . '|'he political relation-- lietween these Indians ami the
I niled Stales 'jn\ erniiienl were peculiar. The Tinted States claimed, and
e\en-j-ed. an iiMiiiialc -o\ c i ci L: 1 1 1 \ o\er all Indian I'eserves. and the\ coii-
eedcij . |c pcr-onal jnri-dict imi and independence to the Indians uith-
in i he IH .i;inla rie- of their reser\ at ions. < v > nest i mis requiring decision upon
tlii- '-eliiilon \\crc treipieiitl\ neeiirrim; in the course of m> judicial ex-
pel'iei c,.. \ IIP 'IIU o( hel's. U a- a case i icc 111 rill'J ill the Seneca t I ilic. of pcen
1 : 1 1 i.Mei c-t .
iii A 1 11 ( n st N> i \ JOHN. i ; ;
During tin 1 session <>|' the Sii|>ivmc ('mut in l-'n-iiinul. in I^_"J. It must
have hrrn in 1*O in ]V,o. .\ i in. -mm 1 ]if|si>n in l."UT S.indu-kv rntTed
a ri>lil|il;iillt lietulV II jllstiec nt tin- |>eaee against a head ehifl "! the > ">-lie-
eas lnr murder, ami In- uas arrested and lii'i>n^ht lirl'niv tin- jii-tii'i-. a< i -uin-
|iaiiird li> a ninnlit-r i>I the |>i ineipal IIH-II ''1 his trilir. Tin- in< idents n)mii
\\llirli this pi neeedillL' \\ a s I'minded air \r['\ I III el est J |e_ r . a- illustrating the
1 mlian lile ainl i-liai arl-r. \\ilh lln> ln-ail rliirt '.... n^In-K 1 \\a--<>nn-
\\ li.it ariinaint'-'l. I ! \\ a-> a iiMr -.in-i-iiui-n "! a man: <>! liin- I'm in. i|iL r iiili-i!
in inanni-r. ami >-\ ini-ini; inni h u I ^I'li-^i- in 1-1 HIV i-r^al i> >n ami 1-1 >inlni-t .
Tlii-M- !ai-[> licini: pi t-MMitni t. 1 In- <ii]in-inc ( '. mi I . ! ln-\ ili-i-, ; i|r.| that tin-
i-\fi-iitiiin iif tin- friinina! \va^anari rnni|i|cif!\ \\ithin the iiin^lii-ti-in nj
tlit- rhii'l . aii'l that < '< H m^t ii-l\ \\a> in^titicil in the r\n-m ii>n n| a imlirial
>fnti'in-i-. \\hii-h In 1 \\a^ tin- |>n>|>iT IHMXHI in carr\ it intu Hln-t. Tin- ra-i-
\\ a-> (li^ini^-~r'l. ami ( 'imii^t irk 'li>fhaiL;rii.
Imiiii- >.inl;-> Ilin h.inl. ut rrrmniit. t'nc urn K- ni' l'ri->:i!--n: llavc--.
iunl a ^turc in l.uwcr S;inliisk\ tiurinu tiu- tinic ihr >CIH-I a> u , re mi
:lu-ir rc-'crvatinn. Hr ua^ callrd Jiiilur" I'mni the fait that iinr:iu
the i'\i>tein e i ii the ' >M i i nist i i ii t i i ni n! ( ihin. it ro I'lirn! threr a>iii "ate
|ndi, r i'> to sit \\ith tin- ('ireuit Imlm.- tn lin'ni uh.it is nn\v kiM\vn a-
( '< (iniin m l'U\is ( 'diirt." Mr. I'-iri h, in 1 was i me it them.
i'all ('hiet. Hani ll;<kor\. Seiiei .1 |. >hn. ( 'nri \ I .\ c. ( , o. M 1 H-.Mter
a 'nl utluTs. trailed with him. \I r. I'.iri ha: d i it ten attended tlu-ir da IK r-.
.ind said that Rudi ilpliMs I >i< kiiiM>n. hid^c lust'ne and Mr. I ; tir!d
Dl'ti-n tamed uitli the Indian-. The Indians < ailed \I:. Ilinh.'.rd
" \iise. |iia^' i." and they tuld him tli.it ;i me. in: "tlu 1 man U!M ..v\!-,s
the must u!' ;he "and."
Mr. Hi ri ha i < 1. in his < i unmun n ;it n >n t> i K n.i] >j /> 1 I : >: M \ . ~.i\ ^
I reinfinln-r \\ell the ileath n!' M-m-ea .Inhn. lie uas .1 tall, m-hie Linking
man.aiiil \vas >ai'l [ ha\e in.ikeil \ei\ miieh like ||em\ ('ia\. lie \\a-
al\\a\s pleasant ami eheeltlll. lie \\as ealle.l the HK'st e!i..|l|ent s|n-;ike|
nil the leselAe. lie ei>n|i| !ll\\;i\> lest. Me haini"ll\ ill tlieil ei'llliell \\heli
t Ili-n- U as all> lll-leellliL:. I 11 1 lie e\ e 1 1 i 1 1 _: lietmethe ln"IIIlllu r "I Illsilt-ath.
he was at lll\ sturc. 'I'he ulmle tlliie sremeil t,i lie Mi t,is\li. ^ti-ei all'l
( 'nnllst iek \\ele jeah'lls M! .liihll. nlj aeeniiilt "| \\\~. |m\\cl aini I II [I I Icliee .
.Inliii ua> a ixri-al ta\ m itf aim HI i: the >i|nau s. .1. '1m La. |e me ' L:> >< 1-1 >\ >-."
ami st.,,,11 li\ me mi the |Miieh lietme the stnrcas Mi.' nthei Indians ,,,,|,.
a\va\. llf Innkeil at them as the\ mn\ei| n||. \\itli s. i mneh sadno-, j|, )n-
taec that it atiiaeted m\ attfiit inn. and I \\nndcrei| at .ln|m\ letlinu them
u r niitl \\itlmnt him. .Inhn ini]iiiied the aiimnnt <>f his imlr|itednfs> a! m\
stnie. \\ e then \\elit liehilld the enimtel tn the desk. The ainniint \\as
li'^nrcil up and staled In .Inhn. s\ 1m said snniet hmu at 'nut pa\ i I,L.' M . and t In -n
\\ ent a\s a\ \\ it In MI I relating an \ \ his 1 1 niil lie.
I }4 HISTORY OF SF.NKCA COl'NTY.
The principal head men or chiefs of the Senecus. were (loud Hunter.
Hard Hickory and Tall Chief': there were also some half- chiefs.
Among those most noted was Benjamin I 1 '. Warner, a white man. who
had previously been a fireman on a steamboat. He had eloped with
an Indian woman and settled down among the Senecas.
Hard Hickory was the leading mind among them. He was a leader
of no ordinarv grade. He was possessed of polished manners, seldom
seen in an Indian. He spoke the 1'Ycnch language fluently, and the
I'.nglish intelligibly. Scrupulously adhering to the costume of his
people, and retaining many of their habits, this chief was much
endeared to them. His urbanitx . his intelligence and ardent attach
ment to the whites, and. above all. his strict integrity in business
transactions, obtained for him and deservedly the respect and
confidence of all with whom he traded. The merchants of Lower
Sandiisky reposed such trust in him. that when some poor Indian came
to ask for goods on credit, it Hard Hickory would sav that he would
see them paid tor. no more was required. Thus his word passed
current with, and for. the whole tribe. Mr. ( )bed Dickinson was a
particular friend of Hard Hickory.
Hard Hickory fell from his high station as an honest man. Tempted
by money, he became first a thief and then a liar. How many of our
own people- some. even, in our own town of Tittin-- -who. tor a Ion-
time in their business lite, were' regarded and esteemed as men of
profound integrity and honesty, who had stood aloof tor a long time
from all manner of (rime, and had enjoyed the confidence and esteem
of all \\lio knew them, and while at the height of their glory, became
di//v and weak: and as they fell, took down with them, not onlv the
monev of the men whose confidence thev had secured, but the general
condemnation of all honest men in the communitx! How often we
are deceived in our fellows! \\ e often let men of tried and acknowl
i iliicd honesty stand aside, and take obscure men who had no record
tor untliin hiuu honor, put them in places of honor and trust, and about
the time we be-in to think they are lire proof, they tall down deep and
take our moiic\ \\ith them. Alter the tall ue < ompromise- with some
In ihief. and secure as much ot the money that was stolen
the gentleinanU thief" go perhaps to run
an-- don't understand etiquette in that wa\.
is ilue from the slate oi \ e\\ YI >rk. f< >r a
i erta n families ot Cayugas. of one of whi< h
mber. This annuit\ was rcgularh paid, up to
IIAKI) HieKokN Ml s| I>ll 1^5
their reimn al. at I heir >!il home on the S.un!u-k\ . l-\ an arrangement
with tin- general :;o\ eminent in their treats at \\ a>hin_'t'>n, that annuity
uas in i-c lorwarded to tin in at their new home on the Neosho, through
tin- hands o| tin- L;O\ eminent agents.
In tin- year i-^v}. a drait lof tlu- -uin due tin in innn Neu \<>rk. \\a>
loruarded ami rei ei\ed liy them: ami in order to n;ake a ili-trii>ntion
it the money aiming those entitled to rei ei\e ;!. ;: \\a> n<- earv \.
ha\ e tlie drait < allied. t< M \vh:. h purpose I ! ard II,' kory. u ;th ( ieor^e
lleiTin. the intefjireter. ueiv deic-^ated to -o to |mt ();!>-,oii. Thev
\\ ent, -Mild the dratt . and rc ei\ ed the money,
1 1 ard I I :< kors then proposed, to I i err in a trip to \Va-l i:iii;toii ( 'i:y to
>ee alter the lu>itii->^ "1 the t rilie, relative to their land, ->a!e- :n < >h;o
>a:d lie: "I et u- L;O u hile \\ e have th: - mone\ : it will make no dilterem <
to mi;- people. a-> our (ireat Kither. the President, will pa\ n> l>ai k all
the mi>ne\ \\ e spend in uoin^ there and retnrninu hi>iiu-. a-> he d:d
win n \\ e went to i mr treaty."
^o oil thev ^tarted to NVa^hin^ton. |-'or ni'>re than a month the\
re\e!ed in all the luxury and di-^ipation oi' the < ity. until they \\ere
tired ol them. Now thes determined to _;o hoiiu-, ani re.jue-.ted the
( 'ornin i-.-<;i i tier o! Indian A il air-, to re;mliur>i- them, and, t::nii^h nu-an^
to return uith. l'hi>. o[ i oiii'-e. wa-, ri'lu-^ed.
i >n arm in_; home, their mone\ wa> iiear!\ uone. 1 1 i< kory u a-> then
i ailed Seti >re hi-> people ti i _;;\ e an :.< count ol' him-elt". lie stated tfiat
lliere \\.is -omethin.4 \\roiii; ahont tin- drat;, and he had to _i. t.i Wa^h
iti^ton to arrange it; that the I're-iden; said it -.h>)'a!'i all !>e made
ri.ht. and the\ \\oulil ^et the im>ne\ soon, ali in sil\er.
I ) o u ! 1 1 1 n L,' 1 1 1 , -> s t a t e 1 1 u n t , t h e \' s e n t , i m e s s i n m' i' to \ } ' ( ] ; ! i -. 1 1 n to
mtrar\ \\ a - laUe. \ solemn < oum :1 \\.i- < ailed, lu-tore \\1:;,
uin mulled to appear. lie appeared: ! <, p'ead _:u.lt\ to ;!
i laUrhooil. and mad< no attempt to pii'. : a'e or
'it threw him-eli upon the men\ ..: !I.N pt"].ie.
'Mil.-, tn surrender ili !ii^ li.n--.c-, aud "'.her ;.'-.'
I }6 HISTORY OK SKNKCA COUNTY.
the truth ot' the matter in other words had not lied about it. he
would have saved his lite and honor. "And from my knowledge ot
the tribe." says (leu. Ilrish, "that would have been the result."
In hnpes that he would yet be spared, and that no one would attempt
to kill him in the presence ot his wite. who was much respected, he
confined hinisell to his house, heavily armed. For several days and
niuhts his house was surrounded. At length, the notorious Shane, who
helped to murder Seneca John, volunteered to kill him in his house.
Shane, having just returned trom the ('hero'kee < ountrv, went to the
house in the night and rap]>ed at the door. Hickory rerogni/ed his
voice, and naturally supposed that he had at least one friend who would
try to save him. Hard Hickory was the uncle ot Shane.
On being assured that Shane was alone. Hickory directed his wite to
unbar the door and let him in. which she did. Shane wore a blanket,
and approached Hickory in the middle ot the room, holding out his
left hand, while his right was under the blanket, holding the handle of
a long knife. Hickory held out his right hand to Shane, and as soon
as their hands were grasped. Shane drew his knite and stabbed Hickory
through the body, and then dragged him out ot doors, where several
Indians stabbed ;md tomahawked him. Thus perished the renowned
chief I lard Hickorv. with the seal of falsehood stamped upon his
hitherto fair < haracter.
'This Benjamin I-'. Warner had become entirel\ Indian in his habits,
and associated with Hard Hickorv and oilier cliiets. Those who
described him as part Indian, were simply mistaken. He was a Yankee
b\ birth, but he< ame .in Indian by choice. His wile's name was Kon
ke pot: she was trom (liven l!a\. and a Mohican. The Senecas
adopted the tamilv. \\arner Itecame a sort ot maior domo ot the
t ribe. and in < ommon with them, drew a portion ol their annuities fr< mi
the government. lie transacted _a great deal ot business fur tln-
Seii eras. It a horse was missing. \\ a rner woidd lie sure to track and
find him. He < ould s|o< k a mm or a plow, build a house, tan a skin,
ami was always ie;>d\ tor either \\ork or sport, but sober.
Mr emigrated with the Senecas to the west. His wile died on tin
lourney. soon alter < rossing the Mississippi. ,md Hen. with his < hild.
K i oiii pan led the tribe to the ne\\ reser\ e on the Neosho. \\ arner had
,1 c ow. whi< h he gave to a poor t.miilv who had buried their lather and
husband near the door ot their < abin. near the \\est line of Missouri.
I HAkl IKl IMMK.k.VI ION "K I H K SINK AS. !-
hmise. and called his attention to the fact. His n-ph was: -I put h -\- tin i.-
mysHf: tfiirss the woman Tl \\ant her \\oise than I shall.' Benjamin
Franklin Warner proved that In- carried a nnMi- In-art iimlt-i ,t rmi^h
exterior."
The re was an oh I Indian h\ im,' < >n the \ an meter tr.i. t. in this i em t\
a Mohawk \\hose name \\.is ( harheu. and who u.i- famous ioi ;
ammosit\ to the Amern ails. At the a_;e -i; about tueiitv tive. he
fought, with the rest ot the < anadian Indians, under \li>nt<alin. upon
'.he heights oi \braham. vshere the brave and ^enen><is \\olt \\.i~.
killed. At that tune lie was married, and had -me < h'ld He iini-ht
during tile late war mi the side nl the Uritish. ,md had a iai^e n'miliri
nt s( aljis in his possession, ulm h he had taken during the \\ar. II,
loined the >ene< as. with the rest o| his trilie. in iSj () . and u ith them,
started tor the distant west. \t St. l.ouis he uas taken s; ( k. ai:d, died
on the J'>th ila\ ot April, i *.;.'. As he wore several < rosses s;;>pende.i
trotn liis h>n^ hair, he \\as elaimed h\ the Roman ('ath<iliis. ,md
reeei\ ed a ( hristian burial in the ('atholu i linn h \ard ;n ihat i i:y.
lie was supposed to be over one hundred years old when he died.. II-
spoke 1-reni h lluently. and was well known to the first settler- m thi-
i onnt\ .
Tile removal ot the Setie< as to the west w.is agreed upon a: \\.isl;
inLCtnn Cit\ . on the jSth da\ of |-'cbruar\ . i S ; i . This treat \ \\.isinadi
betueen lames (iardiner. ( 'ominissioncr on the part ot the I nited
States, and ('oiiistoek. Seiiei a Steel. ('apta:n ( iood Il'i'iter. Ilaid
I I ickorv and Small ( 'loud SjiicL'r. < hiets oi the Seiieea tribe. ( i eor_ (
lierrin at ted as interpreter, and (len. llein\ ( . l'.r;sh as si;b a^en:
The pi'in eeds o| the s.de ot the Si-net a reservation were '. be i. .
. nto tnnded stcn k .it live per t ent. interest, \slr.i h was to be p.iid to ;};
Indians as an annuilx. alter dediic!:n_: the tost oi building lor :!u-
seiiei as a bla< ksinith shop and urist mill. The ( nited Stales ^av<
hi-m se\ent\ sj\ thousand .n res oi land. Uin^ alon_ ihe Neosho and
('owskin n\ers. northwest oi the state o! \rkans.is. and !IJM:\ nr.ies
.I'M i\ e |- ( >r! I i liis. m. >ee i liapter Ji).
In the ! a 1 1 o i the \ e a r i .S ; i . the > e n e i as ^tailed, ;or ! h
'he \\est. \\hen there were pist ^i, ot them, all to],;. ;he most m:\ed
up mess oi humanil \ imaginable. A j-oi t ion of them traveled o\ <-rland.
and alter experiem in- numerous hardships and main a* i idents, finai';\
sii< eeeded in re.n hin- M issonri in the lollr >v\ ; n^ spring. The i li v is;, in
n ( har-e ot (ien. Urish traveled bv uater, encountering but little
ditt'u ult\ . Tliev reai lied the < >hio n\ er at ( ";m innati. where ; he\ : >ok
a boat.
1-8 HISTORY 01 SKNF.CA COfNTY.
Their new home is a beautiful country, and at this time probably
owned by the whites. On the j(>th day ol April, they all met above
St. I.oui. and arrived on the Neosho on the .ph day ot July, following.
( >n the j')th da\ of August. iKj:;, they had been reduced down to the
number of one hundred and forty three. It is to be presumed that
at this time there i- nothing left ot that once powerful tribe ot savages
but their name.
So moie it be
Simon (iirty. the most infamous ot all the white savages amongst the
red skills, was adopted by the Senecas. and became not only a great
M out. but also an expert hunter. lie was trom Pennsylvania, to which
-tale his father had emigrated trom Ireland. The old man was beastly
intemperate, and whisky was his great delight. "(irog was his song,
and grog he would have." 1 1 is soltishness turned his wile's affection.
Her paramour knocked the old man on the head and won the price.
This couple lett lour sons Thomas. Simon, (ieorge and James.
The three latter were taken prisoners, in Hraddock's war. by the
Indian-. (ieorge was adopted bv the 1 'clawares. became a terocious
monster, and died in a drunken tit. lames was adopted by the Shaw
nee--, and became as depraved as his brother. It is said that he often
visited Kentucky, at the time ot its first settlement, and inflicted most
barbarou^ tortures upon all captive women who came within his reach.
Yerv many acts of cruelty are charged to him. and yet I'roctor and
Klliott petted him. In Kentucky and Ohio. Simon sustained the char
a< ter of a most brutal barbarian: evervthing cruel and licnd like was
associated with his name. Indian lite and brutality suited his nature.
and with all his cruelties, that stamped him as a hyena more than anv
other beast, it wa- said ot him that lie saved many prisoners trom
death. His inlluencc was great, and whenever he chost. to do so could
--a\ e man\ p< tor captix es.
In Se])tember. 1777. he led the attack on Fort Henry, on the site ot
Wheeling, and demanded the surrender oj the tort in the name of his
Urittanii majestx. He read the proclamation of (lovernor Hamilton,
and promised the pn>te< lion ol the < rown. it the L;"arr]-on woiihl l.i\'
down ihcir arm-' and swear allegiance to the king, lie \\arned them to
-'ibmit peat eab!\ . and -aid that he could
\ T\ urn h CM iii d. ( 'ol. Shepherd, the i
i , - i ; < < ! i -. . . 1 1 , 1 i - 1 1 < i ', I r o m i thoimhtles^ \oiith
c i i 1 1 1 i ; ' j . and ! a 1 1 1 i j . He \\ a > als
I III i .IK I VS. I ;,,
Kentucky, about fi\ e mile- trnm 1 .e\.m_;ton. 'I'he Kentui ki.m- made
-m h a gallant re-i-'am e that the Indian- uere an\imi- !> retire, when
< 1 1 1 ' \ . thinking he t oiild tn^hten the u'ai ri-' >i\ i ntn a -ur; ender . mm; n ted
a -Pimp and in.uk' a -.peei h in them. lie tnld them uhn ne u.i-, made
aii m inner nl promi-e- ni prntei tarn, ett . A \miu_; man b\ the name
it l\e\ imld-. tearing '. he ntn, er- umild beli<-\e < iirt \ . \ n'un'eered hi-
re mark-, and -an! In t i ir: \ : " \ mi need m>; be - i part i< 'liar tn udl u-
\iu.ir name : ue km>u \nnr name, and \ mi inn. |'\,- h.nl a \:l!a:nm;-
(!'>_;. lie ua- an untrn-t\\ orthy t n-- I named him >,mn!i <i;r!\, ji.
t nmpliineni to \mi. he i- -o like you : ju-t a- u^U and iu-t a u ; keti
\ - in the i annon . let them i otue on. The t ountr\ i- armi-ed, an-i
ihe -t alp- nt \our red t nt throat-, ami \rnir nun. too. will be dr\im_; on
mir i abin- in t wen;\ tmir hour-. \\ e'\ e a bi_' ->-ore ot rod- Said in t.
-i our^c \mi out auain." I hi- rc-pmi-e nl l\c\miid- ua-. dtedual.
'I he Indian- withdrew, and uere pur-ued to the I 'due lit k-. ui.ere thc\
ia\ MI ambu-h and delea'ed the kenim kian- \\ith L;rea! -laughter.
('iirt\ also led the attack mi ('olerain. in St. ('lair'- defeat. lie died
; M alden in 1X15. blind and poor.
There -eem- to be -omethiiiL; in a name, after all. \\diether name-
- i \ e l<> l he pi i--e--nr t ertain l rail - nt t har.it ter. or u he! her bei n _;-. ( i;
icrtain di-pt i-it imi- u ill nat urall s a --nine name-, nnbmly tan lell : but
\\hile the-e mmi-ter brothers became the terror tmm the ( >hio to the
lake. aua\ out in the nnrthue-tern par: m I'dimd- another mmi-Ier b\
ilie -aim- name Mi< hael (i:rt\ bet aine the terror ot the prairie-.
Tnr -imilar;'s til name and < harader. Id a lew ut.rd- -uttn e. whit h
\M take trmu Mat-oil's Ili-tnry m Uureau ("ount\. Illiimi-. It mav be
true that M ike u a- a -on ni Simon : but nobod\ u dl care to know. 1
ex ' ract :
Mike i- -aid l" has e bee n a -mi nt' Simmi i .irt > . a \s e 11 kim\\ n. nd< >i i"ii-
niillau. uhn in 17-n f-eaped t'ldn ju-tiee in \\e-tt-rn I'f nn-\ 1\ aiiia. and
tniind letii'jf aiimim-t ihe hnlian- il' <Hi". \\lii-n 1 In- eM-rei-fd Lireat in
ilia iiei . Mike ( , n i \ u as Imi n nf a -tpiau . ami -pent hi- farl\ litf aiimn^
tin- Indian- "t < >hin. lie eaiiif 1" t hi- eniint i'\ -<. -n at 'if r 1 *_'!. and \\ a- f lie
l>ln\fi| a- inlfipietfi' l'\ Hie I'ur ei>mpan\. lleif he maiiifd a -<jiiau and
rai-fd a nnmlifi d' -t>n-. Mikf Hied Laid 1" u'ain lln- enulidfiiei 1 d tin.
I In I ia n-. I a 1 1 1 hf \ did Hi >i i I n -i the 1 l i a' -In : > >i l - 1 1.1 1 1 I >! i >\ .
( hi I hr L'l -t "I .1 m a- . l-_'7. lifii. ( 'a--, a- Indian a '_'; nl . I if id a i -mined in
I iurt'an eniinl \ . u it h I In- Indian-. < . 1 1 i \ ael' d .1- i n'.'-i ; ii i . ( a-- ua\
h i m a -] 1\ f l n.' ' la!, a- a 1 "ken i 'I I rn nd-h i p \s IIP h h' ai l I'd 'e i 1 he da\ . !
In- df.iih.
\ 1 1 c i l In- i !-'-f "I I In- I ll.if k I l.i\\ k \\ ar. a nunif i d I nd i.m- i f t uriifd t"
Pi m f a u f niinl \ . A nn in '^ I In- m \\ i-n- I In- ->| na l .\ and p.ippi n ,!- . <\ t , \\ t \ ; |.:,t
< i i rt \ him -f It '.\ a - in 'i a Hi"! i '4 1 him. 1 1 i- latf at that I i im- \\ a- link im\\ n .
140 HISTORY OK SKNKCA COUNTY.
but it was generally believed that he had been killed in battle. Some time
after that, on a clear, bright day in the mouth of June. ls:;<>. when the
prairies were covered with wild (lowers and the farmers busy with their
work, dirty passed along the road to Princeton. Here he found a group of
buildings, where a few years before not a house could be seen. He carried
on his back all his camp equipage blankets, gun. kettles and provisions.
Ilis once straight, maul) form was now bent, not from age. but from disease
and great fatigue. His head was without a covering, and coarse, black hair
\\ as hanging down to hrs shoulders in confused masses. The) said that "lie
uas undoubted!) the last of the Mohigans." He was not inclined to answer
any questions, but passing up the street and looking at a painted building,
he said: "That big wigwam: great chief live there. I speck." When lie
was told that it was a church he passed on. not knowing what that was. He
said as he started on. " Big warrior : great brave." He directed his steps
towards Indiantown. Htye he found everything had changed. At the foot
of the hill, near a spring outside of town, dirt) camped for the night, being
overcome b\ sickness and fatigue. Here he gave himself up to feelings of
despair. The smoke of his camp lire, and his loud coughing, attracted the
attention of Dr. Langworthy. who visited the camp and offered his assist-
ance ; but dirt) appeared sullen, and would only shake his head. On the
third day after his arrival at Indiantown. he started west. About one week
thereafter, a man traveling on the old Sac and Fox trail, saw on the prairie
north of Barren drove, two wolves eating a carcass. Out of ciiriosit) . he
rode up to see what it was they were eating, and found it to be the carcass
of an Indian parti) devoured. Near the remains lay a gun. knife, toma-
hawk, blankets, a copper kettle and a pot. Around the neck was a buckskin
cord, to which was attached a silver medal with this inscription : "A Token
iif Friendship. Lewis < 'ass. I'.S. I. A." Thus ended that out-law.
Oakley was the first post-office in Seneca count). At the time this
was established there uas but one mail route in the count)-, and this
led through the count). Irom Lower Sandiisky to Columbus. Soon
alter the time the Seiiecas settled upon their reser\ atiou. or about that
timr. thr mail was carried on horseback bv a voung man named I rich
I)rakr. who was a son of Judge I >rakr. of Marion count). Young
1 trake uas killed, by an Indian, as it uas supposed at that time. lie
uas found, torn 1>\ the wolves, and marks of a knife were also dis-
c o\ ered oil his bod v.
lu i N v c J udge I trake came to this count) to hud out. if possible, who
it was ilia; murdered his son: and it it should be ascertained that the
murderer was an Indian, then also to find the tribe he belonged to.
He < ailed upon Mr. I'.rish. then agent of the Seiiecas. and in companv
A'th him proceeded to the residence of "The ('row." Martin Lane
-ic ted as interpreter. ( 'row said that the son of I udge I ) rake uas killed
b\ an Indian whose name was' 1 Big Kittles." and that he had lied to
(\inada soon after the murder. The fudge returned home, fullv satis-
mi i)i, \ i H i>i nk.vKK. 141
f:c<i '.hat hi-% M>n wa> mil nit 1 red bv a ( 'aii.nli.in Indian. Hut -u< h w.i-
not the ta< t. Mr. litu'-h. -inin-tinu- >iil>M-i |uent!\ . a>ked (ieor^e He!i:i.
what Indian was < ailed !',;_: kittle-. I he repl\ \\a that it was Sp,< er.
tin- white man who l:\ed upon tin- bank-, oi tin- >andu>k\.
I T appear^ that the \c-un, man had pa-sed o\ cr to the east side :
thi river, and when mar Spn er'> hou-e was met }>\ him and a(c>iii
paiiird to the pi.u e where lu- was 1" ross i,a k to the uc>t siiie ot' the
r\e:. >pii er ino'inted. ;h,. h,,i,e lielund I 'rake, and a> -M >< >u a> the\
isaii reai lied the oppo-ite !>ank he drew hi> knite. and re.n !;,n^ around,
tile Y.niiu man. \\iih one eilort < nt h;m m-ari\ in twain
lie then dra_;^ed liim !>ehind a lo_;, near the >pr:n_; iu>t In-low tli<
dam oi |II!HI Keelle:' on ;he Sandu->k\ river - about three mi!e> nortl
'' I .tun. \- -' M MI a- t hi^ \va- d. ( me he w cut to ( 'row "s hou->e, sv lio.
oii-i_r\;i)L; ilia' he >pi< er \\a^ co\ ered w;:h iilooil. inqnired wliethei
'lie had kiiied a deer. >pi< i r replied that he had killed, a white man .
where'ipon ( ro\\ oriiei'ed. him to ;>e :.'one. a-> in all piobabdit\ he would
be pursued, and n tr.n ed to hi> ('ro\\\ residence. the\ nr.uht ->u>pe( t
him .it bein_ ,u i e-^or\ to the murder. Spit er lied to ('anada. but
alter awh,!e returned. 'l'!ie-e pariii ul.ir- were k( pi a jiro;.und -ei ret
unt.; rei.ued ;.. Mr. lln-ii.
I ;n ti i.'e^i p.n^ i- taken :r< >m llutteriie'ui'- 11>V'!'\ oi ^eneea ( '"iinl\ .
an : : _;\e;: here iur \\hate\er it i> worth. The \\\<> -toru-- loi,'t
a_:i - . aiiii the iatler, upiin \\hii h tlie ^reate^t >;re---> -eeiii^ to be lai'i.
' i ': , -~ 1 1 r , i i i o : I ] i e > ' o r \ . 1 1 o w e. \ e r . : > ! n i e : \ : / : I i i i ', i i e \ < > ; 1 1 _ m a
\ i - -. i.e. : a! M i -; thai time, while i arr\ i n_; the mail to I i >\\ er s -andu^k\.
] i ; : .1 . i r I or; >enei a . I lie \\ r: '. er --.i\\ a: id < ' >n\ er-.ed \\ : t h a brothe:
i! ' i m ;: ' iered mail < arrier on t h;-> -'ibu-i t. a lew \ i-ar .1^- > i n M ar.or.
I ' i!ii:'.i\ weft ]]>; ->aM>lied a> to 'he mannei' oi the death. It i> aU'>
:. tr.;'in'i and on '.he ea-t -ide ..I the resi.lein e oi the Reverend
l< . I .i p ._. ::. I r.'inoii:. and. ab.>ul three r-od- troiw hi- do.,r. up or.
an.: m .r!!. ..! I or: -epiM-n- -n. a:, hum
..! i r Drake. I he
i I I I , I > I I
CHAPTER IX.
ROCKY CREEK FORT BALL-COL. BALL ATTACKED BY INDIANS ERASTUS
BOWE OAKLEY NEW FORT BALL FIRST POST OFFICE -MILLS-ARM-
STRONG AND McCULLOCH SECTIONS EARLY SETTLERS IN FORT BALL-
LOCATION OF THE COUNTY SEAT -HUNTER'S MILL EARLY SETTLERS IN
THOMPSON. ON HONEY CREEK AND ROCKY CREEK MELMORE COL. KIL-
BOURNE HARRY BLACKMAN'S CORNERS ANCIENT FORT1FICATI ONS COL.
RICHARD JAQUA.
ROCKY CRIT'.K. lias its source near the south line in section }}.
Reed township. Running north about three miles, it takes a
westerly direction through the center of Scipio township, entering
Kden near the north-east corner, and sweeping through several sections,
turns in a north-westerly direction and enters the Sandusky river at its
right hank, in the city of Tiffin.
Nearly opposite, and west ot the mouth ot this stream, on the left
hank of the river, where Lafayette street now strikes the same, is a large
-pring of excellent, cold water. This spring attracted the attention of
Col. (as. Y. Hall, when in 1813 he was about to build a stockade near the
army road on the bank of the river, under instructions from (icncral
H a rr i son. A deta< hment of men. under the command of the Colonel,
built the stockade, and called it "Fort Hall."
In September. iS^^. a company muster was held near the pla< c
where the old fort Used to be. There was an open space between this
'loint and where the Mo^r works now are. The trees were cut. but
ps Mil! remaining, interfered very much with the evo
,!; My lamented friend. ( 'hristopher Studer. a
e lit' 1 uill be found elsewlu're herein, i and unbelt at
mpaiH mu-ter. It was the 'irM display of' Amerian
ever --aw. The sun shone very hot. and to gel
into some kind, of diade we both sat down under a small sycamore bush
'i-.at grew out tr<>m under an old log. bedded half wa\ into the ground.
l'hi> log .. rt D| the '>id tort, and the little s\ < amort 1 bush _;reu
up int'i a ' it stands cdose by the residem e of I)r. Ilo\e\ at this
writing. This < amp was built as a temporary place of security in < ase
t nece-sit\. and a- a maga/ine lor supplies. It consisted of stakes a
toot in th:< ki;e fixed in the ground, with old bavoncts driven through
,^V*;v> *fe'3Btf2f t'* *r*A- - fcv'tf^
^'^^I^W^kJ 4 ^
MJ* v ^^^l^wf'
iKuKA^^^^R^Wf? ; 't^'
r>C' S4^;.%; : .. ^t flw.t* v >'v\v f /
h i K I I ; \ I I . 14;
them hori/ontally, near the lops. A^ain--! the-,e lo^-, \\ere piled upon
the out>;de, .uul o\er tlu- hu's lirt was thrown trmn a ilitch. whu h >ur
rounded the whole. Theiv was room in the ulterior lor ti\e hundred
MICH.
Alter the battle of Tippe< anoe, and while t'.eneral H.U'i-o'; \va- .it
Fort Seiifi .i. he sent .1 ilr!.i hmenl ol men up the ri\er to strengthen
tin-- < amp. The soldiers wen- . (uartcrei 1 here se\ eral da\ -. dur.u.:
wliii h time the\ were \ er\ short oi pn>\ ;>,, m>. .uil. be;iu < ompriied to
subsist on iish. a (i.iri -<tooil ^u.ird while the re-t were !i>hini;. to protei t
them. H nece->s.iry. tiom the iurk.n^ ^.n.ue-. lleiorc ihe li.ittle o|
1'ort S'e|ihen^cin tin-- iiet.li hment let! lor the M.rimee. liut the |io>; s\.i^
oeriipieil 01 (. i- ion, ill \ until ( lener.il I I .UTI^IM \ r \\ i he i oun' r\ .
Ihe rem.un> ot ^e\ er.il ><>hlier-> th.it had lieen Icineil ne.ir the tort
were atterw.iriU found in ilijuin.; in the \ n inity. ( )ne w.i-> exhume. 1
.!.!>[ ^unnner wlien l,i\ IIIL,' l 1 ^"^ ''"' the \\.iler \^o^k^ in the Mree!. .ihcci'
h.ill w.i\ Between the ri\er and the Mo\e work--.
('ol. I'.. ill with hi-, trooji-- on their way to the Maumee. aliout a hah
mile MMith we^t of llalUille in Sandu-k\ iount\. and a da\ or two
pii'vio'i-- to the a^--ault upon 1'ort Stephen^on. had a --kirmi^h with .>
numlierot Indian-. The ^ijuadron \\a^ mo\-;nu toward^ the tort, when
Mlddenh the\ were lired upon by the Indian-- Irom the wesi >n!e ot the
road. whereu]ion ('!. I!. ill ordered a ehar_ r e. lie. with hi- -uit .ind
the ri-ht tl auk. came into the ait ion i in medial el \ . Tin- ( 'olonei -.mirk
the lu-t iilow. lie da-hed in between two -a\a^e- and i 'it down the
one on the ri^ht: the other, benii; -h^htU in ih.e rear, made a blo\\
Aith a tomahawk a' h;- ba< k. when a -iirin^ ot h;- hor-c to one -;de let
'he tomaliaw'k < u! deep into the i antel and pad oi !,:- -.niijie I'.e'ore
1 lie - i\ a_' i o'lld t epea' the i now h, u a- -ho; ' ,\ I e ; . .; . R \ an
I ;--u'i'U in: il'ler.v ard- ( i'-uera! I inie- 1 1. d_, -. '! \lin-; '. " i':..
the o ir \e\or oi rittin. an.! broth, i ,. Mr. jo- .11 '!_.-. i'ty
ol I ,11m. |.i;.iwin. ! i :', : ar ':; <\i:\' >{ <:. s -ma';' :;or^e. '::^:ed ..
a ; i , a -- i i ' : . : rat: him throug wit i ; - -wor. . a t m a ; u
vear- ther".i:ter. the >t irrup w a- tound aim - e Dalian' I I , e-.
,U \Ian-iie;d.
\t thi> time ( 'aptain I 1 opki n- wa> |>ur -11111^ .1 pow er'ui >a\ a^e on ;
left.' The >a\a^e turned and -!rt;< k a blow at the < a;. tain w:th a t-'ina
hawk: ihe ( a]rt ain'-- hor-e sjiran^ to one --ide, and the l>low l.r.K-d, ,u
e\e< ut ion. Cornel I Ia\ - and Sergeant Ander-on r in up and soon d:--
144 lllsl'OKV 01 SKNKCA COl X TV.
patched the savage. 'The Indians were twenty in number, of whom
seventeen were left dead on the ground.
On the i.Sth of November. 1817. Mr. F.rastus Howe, the first settler
in Sciiet .1 cotiiit\. arrived at ('amp Hall, where some hired men had
erected tor him a double louc house within the limits ot tlie camp.
Mam of the stakes were then still standing. This was the first settle
meiit in the county. Here Mr. Howe kept tavern, which was the first
in Seneca. Hotel bills must have been lii^h in those days, because
butter co>t two shillings a pound, pork six dollars per hundred, and
tlour twelve dollars a barrel. The house ot Mr. Howe was the only one
on the left bank of the river within the present limits of Tiffin, when
the town of Oakley was surveyed and platted.
In i X i <) Mr. Joseph Yanse surveyed a town upon land granted to one
Robert Armstrong, known as the Armstrong section, and called it
< >akiey. This was the first town surveyed and platted in the count}.
Howe's tavern was in that survey.
Mr. I (avid Risdon. who took a very active part in opening up the
i ounty to civili/ation. and who became very popularly known as a siir
vevor and citi/en. was appointed the nrst post -master in the count},
'he office beiiiLC located here at Oakley. There was then but one mail
route in or through the count}', and that extended trom ('olumbus to
Lower Sundusky. alonu the armv road.
It was said oi Mr. Risdon. that while he was post master he used to
L:O fishing oc< asionalh . and < arrv the mail matter with him in his hat.
I'eople th.it were anxious to -et their mail, and could not wait for his
return, would lolimv him up. ah>n_; the river. Mr. Risdon would then
take the post office trom his head, and look lor papers and letters.
In iSji ;\vo brothers. K/ra and Case Hrown. erected the first ^rist
mill in the count}, upon Honey creek, near Melmore. A Mr. Free.
Iroin Hloom towiishiji had the first urist ground there. The event was
hailed w;tli -real jo_\ aniou-st the earlv settlers, who had hitherto been
compelled to L:O to Monroevillc. ('old ('reek. I'pper Sandusky or
Mount Yernon. to _;et their ^rindim; done. John Knit/er. an earlv
-tiler from the state of Pennsylvania. aUo erected a jurist mill a short
d.;>;am e ilnwn the < reek trom Mrlmore. in iXjj. Mr. Knit/er was es
'eemeii bv those who knew him. tor his intelligence and manlv ipialitie-.
I :; i x i o \bner I 'ike settle*! in ( )akley. and, at'.eru ards located on I he
'arm -it 'he late l./ra Maker, near where the mill by that name still
-rand- . .; : Sandusky.
I u i -- ; ' ' io\\ n lit ! ori Hail \\ a- surveyed bv I )av id R isdon. Thi-
iiH ; uii-(i ' Oakley. Some people, who knew but little ol
RUM; KKSKRVA i ION. :-15
the sagacity of Josiah Hedges, were of the opinion that if the lands
on the west bank of the riser had not belonged to Robert Armstrong,
the counts seat ot' Sene< a would have been 1m ated there.
At the treats of the Miami of lake Frie, the I'nited States -ranted
this tract to Robert Armstrong. It was a section of six hundred ami
torts ,n res, and known as the "Armstrong reservation."
Armstrong svas taken captive by the \\sandots ss hen a child three
years old, in Pennsylvania. He married a halt blood, and was much
respected. He spoke exi client Fn-lish, and one could si an els dis-
cover that he svas raised amongst the sas a-es. This land svas -ranted
to him by the I'nited States for his sirs ices as interpreter. He died
in iSj^.in the \\sandot reserve, about tsvo miles from I ppcr Sandusky.
At the same treaty the I'nited States also -ranted to the children of
William Mi ( 'ulloch a section of six hundred and forty acres, ly in- just
north ot and adjoining the Armstrong reserve. Mi ('ulloi h was killed
by a i annoii ball at the sie-c of l-'ort Mei-s, while sittin- in (ieneral
Harrison's tent, and was at that time employed bv the I nited States
as interpreter.
FIs 1 Iresb.u h. from ( 'ircles ille. a -raduate ot' the ( >hio Mcdit al Col-
lege, also settled in l-'ort Hall, on the i;th ot" February. i^-.V
Roilolplnis iMikinson. from Nesv York, the firs' lasvser in Senei a
county. aUo settled in Fort Hal! in iSjj.
Abel Kawson. from M.ISS.U hiisetts, arrived on :he I5'.h ot I ebruarv .
i.Sjh. and settled, in 1-ort Hall.
A Mr. Jesse Spent cr, the proprietor of 1 ort Hall, and Mr. b'^iah
Hedges, tile proprietor o! Tittm. tsvo towns adjoinm- on the riser.
were cat h sirivin- to secure the location oi the counts seat in their
respective towns. Other people became interested, and. lor a lon^
time '.here svas a vers bitter < on tint betsveen these rival parties tor sin
c ess. Thev sometimes i ame to blows about it. The brush dam \\.is
also a bone of i ontention. and one time, even alter tl-.e mints seat
was lo< ated in Tittin and Mr. Hedges had the tsvo stors trame buildin-
put up. svhii h ss ill be further des ( ribed. i lor a court house, he knot ked
Mr. Speih i-r dosvn, tor vs hi< h lled.es was arrested and tor a short time
imprisoned in this i our! house. l-:nalls Mr. Hedges bou-ht mil
Jesse S|it-i:i er. and bei ame the ossner ot 1 or; Ha!'. I hereupon Mr.
Hed.-'-s had additions surs'escd and platted. \,\ } I:M.-S 1 )-irb : .n. ie :.um
b-niu il.c io :- and extendin- the lin:i:s ,,; |.. r : Hui.u!:. rojn that
t;me toruai'i \\a- knossn bv the naim n| Ne-.s 1 ' |'.,i. . un::l .; ss.is
lina i 1 v merged ;ulo, a:- i bei ame a p i rt o;. !: i . v oi I ; HIM.
1 he oiic-n ~i;;iare ai ros^ ih.e street. soM'h o- and ot 1 t,osite Mi Neat's
I4<J HISTORY OF SKNT.fA COUNTY.
store, was the place intended tor the location of the court house. New
Fort Hall was surveyed and platted in 1X57. It is situated u]>on the
eastern portion of the Armstrong section, and contained six hundred
and twcntv in lots. together with several additions that had then al-
ready been made to Tittm, "Pan \ an" among them, which was situated
between the iron bridge and the tunnel.
In iXji Josiah Hedges entered the land where the old town of Tiffin
was afterwards located, at the Delaware land office. The town was
surveyed and platted by the brother of the proprietor, Oeneral lames
Hedges, ot Mansfield. The first stick was cut upon the town plat in
March. 1X22, and soon thereafter Henry Welch, of Kdcn township.
John Mini and two other men, Wet/ and Drennon, had each a lot given
to them, with the condition that each should build a cabin on his lot
and move int.< it with his tamilv. which was done accordingly.
lames Spink, ot \\Doster. came here in the same month, and brought
with him a stock ot goods. In the following winter his store was bro-
ken open and robbed of nearlv all its contents. This so discouraged
Mr. Spink that he left in disgust.
Simeon 1!. Howard, from the eastern part of Ohio, also located in
Tiffin about that time.
Finally the day arrived when the great trouble about locating the
county seat was to come to an end. The legislature, during the winter
session of i Xj.?. had appointed three commissioners to locate the county
seat for Seneca countv. vi/ : Messrs. Hertord, Miner and Cyrus Spink.
These gentlemen arrived here on the 251!! of March, 1X22. and located
the seat of justice for Seneca count}' at Tittm. where it has ever since
remained. The Fort Hailites were very much chagrined and put out
about it, but finally came down.
Very soon thereafter Mr. Hedges built a mill on the right bank of
the river, immediate!) north of Tittm. where the present brick mill now
stands, tin/ dam of \\hich is still (lowing back the water of the river
throughout the whole extent of the city along the river. The mill was
known b\ the name of the "Hunter mill," because Mr. Samuel Hunter,
the oldest son in law of Mr. Hedges, had charge of it. To show how
greal a spih the principal inhabitants on the Fort Hall side of the river
entertained against Mr. Hedges, the) inliuenced Mr. Spencer to bring
an a< lion against \] r . Hedges, tor flowing Spencer's land b\ the dam.
Th i I ihe mill, and said all the hard things of Mr. Hedges
and . ild. Soon the patronage of the mill tell oil. and
ill i-'il-'i'pri-f nurd in fail, luiwever uei e-sar\ and si an < the mills
v> i -re.
Ill In. I V Mill I II I IN. 147
Then Mr. Hedges resorted to .1 stratagem. whi h -oon proved t"
have the desired etfeet. 1 ledges sent mil word to a! I his i 'i-tonier- .mil
the people far ami near, that he uould hkels he i ompellcd In take hi-
mill away, and that ii they ui-hed their ^rindin^ done the\ IIPI-I hurry
up, etc. This nntit e ra;-ed -mh general indignation m the i uiiti v
against the enemies of Mr. lied_;e- that ii turned the tide in his ta\ur.
and Hunter's mill be< ame the nnt popular null "D the ri\er. Mr.
Hedges bought Spemet'- Ion Hall, and pea< e ua- restored to the
border. At the time the i ommi->>ii>ner-> Imated the (<nni!\ -eal at
I'ittin. there were but six ;il>in^ Hi it . I 'he greater number ' t hi- early
settler- were mi the Fort Hall side, and the lau\er-. d'x tm-. MICK hants
and all. were in uni-n in their li^lit U]MHI Mi. lleiLe--. b'.n lie init^en
eraled them all.
TiMm wa- named after (!ii\ernnr l.duard littin. the fir-t ^i >\ .-riiiir
ot (. )h;o, \\ ho was a particular triend oi Mr. iled^es. At this untmi:
three daughters oi" (iovernor I'ittin are still !i\nu t\\'> in the town
ot ( !hilli( othe. Kos-, eniiut}'. and Mrs. I>r. ( 'mue^ys. ;n ( 'im innati
the mily survi\ in^ members of the :; iverm >r's tamil\.
The loeatinn i)t' the (ouuty -eat took phu e t\\o years before Seneca
county wa- really or^aui/ed and ilothed. \\ith iudii iai or mumc'pal
[towers.
Iturin^ the latter part of the \ear I.SK;, and during iSjo. the beautx
ot the "oak openings" and the rii lines- oi the so'! attr.u ted '|uite a
number ot penpU- to Thi>mp-ou, and the \\'hituey-. I nderhilU. l'uri!\s.
('larks. l)emi(k-, I \vi--e- and other- bei aine -' jii.u !er-. .nvaitini; tin-
land sale-.
About the -aine time the toueriim oak-, -oil and -i ein r\ aloim the
bank- of llo:i<-\ i reek and l\oi k\ < reek, made the immigrants -a\ . u;th
the di-< iple- of old: It :- ^ood for n- to be here ; let M- maki here
three tabei'liaele- : one for thee, one lor MO,,'-,, am! one to,- l.l;a-.'
Here, am. the \Vel. he-, the < 'lark-, the e-. th. Urowiis, the
Makers, the >earle-e-. the 1'i'at;-, the ( 'rau -. the Knap; -. the ( 'ornelU.
the 1 loiuhs. i e llret-e-. the I)o\\n-e-, the I .c, ".a -. t in < '. ;-on-.;!ie Han-
da.; e-. th' Ka_\ -. the I 'eiuiMiL .ton-, 1 lie 1- leets. :he \\ .1 ' ' : i -. t he K ' >\
ler-. the Ii i-;man-. the i im-'. d-. et, .
With t!., eyi ep-ion of a ; -w , I .- Hai ami near
I' o I' t S i 1 1 e i a . a 1 1 t ' . e I .1 1 ! \ - ' ' ' ' ' 1 ! 1 e 11 ' V\ e !' e ! 1 1 1 1 i e '.} '. ' .' i - 1 - i d e i ' '
the ri\ er, esj.ei ial!\ aio;u 11' : K- ^ -
the ri\ er \\ a- n<-a: !\ .. ' 1 ;> ; < -' ir.d \\.\\ . '. \ tn
t here \\ ( re tio -et '. !> me:,; - at all.
I 48 HISTORY OK SKNKCA COUNTY.
Col. Kilbourn. also a pioneer surveyor in Seneca county, took a very
acti\e part in its organi/ation. He surveyed the state road already
described and known by his name; also the towns oi Melmore and
Caroline in this count}'.
Among my first acquaintances in America, was my friend James M.
Steven-., of Melmore. He and 1 were apprentices ami learned our
trades at the same time, in the same shop, in Tiffin. James is a great
singer was at that time and among the many songs he sang was the
poem composed by Col. Kilbourn on Melmore. James used It) sing it
to the tune of "How tedious and tasteless the hours."
Friend Stevens well, I don't like to say much of the living but
James is a very clever man. He lost an arm in the war of the rebel-
lion, and is now familiarly known as Colonel Stevens. The poetry on
Melmore is recorded here, not so much for its poetic excellence, but
because lame-; used to sing it.
When- honey-dews from the mild heaven.
I )i-lil mi the foliage below
\Vhere Ilone\ rivek "s waters are gi\ en
'!" eurirli the sweet vales as they Mow:
U'luTe pla\ fill tin 1 heai t-eheeriiiLT bree/.e
S\\er|>> o'er the sNNeet bosom of Mowers-
Then- .Melmore i> seen through the trees.
With fragrance and health in her bowei>
Thi- ri 'iint IA and village |o prove.
( M plea-u TV ;nii| hea It h t lie al H pile.
Kind Nature lia- found in her. lo\e.
A ml on her mio.| diililren lie-toN\ed.
'I'll 1 ' fee> to her auent - a re small.
('or title- in t'i <r\\\ \\ liii-h t lie\ ^i ve :
'1'lien c, Hue. men ( >t i-nter|iri--e all
A ( e i lit. and in 1 1 ; i ] > \ < i n i - - live.
Meivhaiii -and lal" irer-, come.
\ f" iff HIM- j> i ift'cri-il \oii near :
! I 'i e make i; N i iiir permaiii'iil lionie.
1 ' I'lli-ri-ll N ( ill hei'e,
1 1 .- 1 ' I i 1 1 LT - .
I ' ' - tin M i 1 1 1 1 1 > i i a 1 1 1 a 1 1 1 1 > .
In >iiipi a lid pleasure t In-> '11 1 >: i iej.
i' ' -I ren-i hen Nniir heart > and N our ham
K.AKI.V SI 1 III KS. I .}';
So tu'alth> tin- country is. 'nuiml.
Tliat doctors ha\e little to d ;
So moral the people an- found.
The\ live \\ itlioiit ministri's. to, i ;
So honot our iieiLrhliors \\ e call.
So peaceful and happ> a! home.
The\'\e Heed of no laW\e!s at all.
A lid in 'lie are desired to ri line.
On the 5th nl April, i^jj. Noah Scits. troin Fairlicld outr.s. settled
upon the north cast quarter ni MM lion twent\. in what is nw l!!.i.im
township. d'his was tlu- first settlement within its limits. Thomas
Boyd caiiu 1 with his si>ter. Mis. Marv 1 'onnci. m the spr.n^ oi the same
year, ami also settled here. Mr. Bo\d was a native ni I'eniiss i\ ania.
much e>Veme'l .iimni^ hi-> lUM^hln >r^.
In the -^aine \ ear. Joseph M< ('lell.uul and |.ime> l!n\'i M'ttlerl upon
Ilont'V (reek, in Bloom, ami \sere soon tMllo^ei! }t\ Al'i'aham Ka^:,.
Lowell l\nli;n-M>n and Nehemi.ih Hadlev. I'lie \< )!ln\\ 1114 \e.ir |nhn
Soil/, (leor^e Tree and lacoli lire;/ lietanic < iti/ens ni thi> !"\v;i^h;p.
Jolin Seit/ parsed through thi^ < otinty during the late war, in i i>mp.m\
with twenty nther^. with wa^nn^ loaded with elutlr.n^ lur the Mi!du-r>
at i-'ort Stejihen^on. where they arrived three week-> alter the ii.utlc.
Harry IMaekman, irom (ieiie>ee county. New \nrk. settled here in
Bloom, on a tarm thai ln'came alterward> very tamiliarl\ kii'iun a--
"Black man'-> ( 'orners." Alter residing here -,i\'een \ i ai >. he reim >\ eti
into I-. deli town^liip, \\here h:s pLn e \\.i^ a_;ain i a!!ed "li'.n kman'-
Corner-.' The town that u i> atleruanU laiil out here ;.\ !>:. 1 inn
I' i slier, a; id --'i:"ve ved !u lames 1 )'ir!i: n. m i '>} . i ai led 1 ,1 ./a : > '. ''.' -',\ n.
i alter the name of the dm tor's wile, 1 '.! ;/a! > .' h. who was a da ;_'.''-r >\
lr. Bo\er. ot' Tittin . ne\er llonrished. and .1: ;':.
tra< e oi it 1-jit. A: one time it had a !>!.n ksml:!i -!: <\>. i u a _!>: -
si inie dweil in^s anil a ta\ ern.
\\'iiiiam Anwa\. smm alter the land sales a! I>e!auare. :n i S .- i . . a
tY< >in the town oi Si i],ii i, in ( 'a\ u.:a i oiinty. Ne\\ N'ork. ,r:d -
wliat no',\ i onsti lute-, >i ; jiii i tou iish:] P. I'li's town-h ' '.\ is na 1 : ;
at the ri'i pies! oi Mr. A nu a\ . 1 I e u a- I he lir-: -i : : 'ei :
hood. Mr. ! iniothy I'. Roli,-rts < ame in iS.vj. am!
trame dweliin^ house in the < ounty. in wliii !: he fc^;iU : .:i :':., tii:-.-
his death.
William Anwa\ Imilt a Io- house a! lh.e w;-.ei. t!:-
Tittin road and the Marion State road >] I:,
where the lio-ise st. i, M! i s m >\\ i o\ ered \\ ' h a i . i
were planted there in memorv ! the Anwt\ lanr.iv.
15 HISTORY 01 SKXKCA COUNTY.
Moses Smith put up a small frame building across the road from
Anway's house, in which, lie kept a store for awhile. Robert Dutton
was the first man that died in the township, and was buried on his farm,
which is now owned by Frederick Fox. William Pierre, a colored
man, put up and carried on the first blacksmith shop in the township.
Mary, daughter of John Anway. was the first child that was born in
the township. She is the wife of Mr. John Wilrox, of Republic. A
Mr. Fanglev was also among the first settlers.
These names, with a few others, made up the white population of
Seneca county to about the time of tin. 1 land sales.
This ('ol. Kilbourn, the surveyor above spoken ot, was a man about
five feet eight inches high: lie had a nose somewhat Roman shaped.
and expressive countenance. He was a great talker, and very inter-
esting in conversation. He lived in Columbus, where he associated
with the best society, and was highly esteemed. He was a great singer,
and often produced his own poetry, adapted to some familiar tune.
The widow ot one ot his sons became the wife ol Mr. Keber, a lawyer
in Sanduskv City. This son was a phrenologist of some note, in
( 'olumbus.
Honey creek is the largest affluent of the Sanduskv river at its right
bank. It rises near New Haven, in Huron count}', in the marshes, and
near the point where Richland, Huron, Crawford and Seneca counties
corner. It enters Venice township immediatelv alter it leaves the
marshes, and taking a northwesterly direction through Venice, it enters
Bloom near its northeast < orner. Then, taking a westerlv direction
through Bloom, it t1<nv> into Fdeii township, and making a large curve
in Fden. it cuts across the southwest corner ol Clinton and enters
Hopewell in section tliirtv-six. and there the Sanduskv river at the
s ->t ream, and to those
1 ' beauty and scenery, the
i 1 ., i he beautiful farm In >uses.
' i > add to (he c o m f <> r t
' ' aft r.ii lion: but to people
lev. i here is not ; n all this
< ink of IF mcy < reek . abi >ut
M ion nine. Bloom : \\\ :i-h ip.
Mis spring, and in a <Kre< tion
Kl< II \K1> I \t.tr A. I ; I
very singular construction ami workmanship. There \s.is m>thin_; about
the works th.it would indicate the Iinli.in. and tin- fort must ha\e
belonged to a people who prei edcd the Indians, and of whom the
Indians themselves had no knowledge. The work \\.is < i>n-tru< tfd ol'
stone, sonic ol which were dressed. The main buildings ucre in a
circular t'orm. about one hundred teet in diameter. At the side towards
Honey creek there was attached to eat h ot these t in ular walls a stone
appendage of about twehe tee: square, with an opening towards the
spring. 'There was a spat e ot about three hundred \ aids be: ween these
circular walls. I'.oth buildings seemed to ha\e been alike. As Lite as
iS'S, the walls \\ere about n\c teet hi^li. but t rumbling doun.
'There was IM >ign o; an\ mortar having been Used, in the ere tion
ot' the buildings, and \et it seemed that the stones had OIK e been held
together b\ some cement, troiii the manner in whi< h the\ rested upon
eat li oilier. The stones had 1 alien d<>\\ n on bo 1 . h side- ot the w.ill, and
the piles on eat h side were as high as the \\all itself.
Kit H \ Kit | AM! \.
'The father oi Kit hard Ja. pia u as ,i citi/en of the state -it' ( 'outlet ticiit.
Soon alter the re\ ( >lut ioiiarv war the familv nio\ ed into ('>luinbia
county . i n the state ot New N ork. u here, on the <>th da\ ot A[>r:l. 17^7.
Richard |.ii|ua was born. Some time tlu reatter the tami!\ nio\eil to
('anada \\e>t. ami settled near I'.roi k\ ille.
( )n the nth da\ ol' ( )t tober. Ki< hard Ja-pia was married to l.ii/abeth
\\ilsee. a young (\i>!<iJit'>ni,-. \\heii the war between I. upland and ;he
I'nited Mates broke out. l.i'jua was the nwner ol t\\o hundred .u res of
land,, and t oiisidcrablc personal property.
\\ iien he \\ as drafted as a soldier to join the Hi :!.-!: arm\ . his \iner
, t an pridt" \\as stronger than the Li\\s ot ( 'anada. a: hi lie a: iince
determined that he would nut lake up arms a_t;itst 1 -. }\.\:.\<- !.md.
ami ! ha! lie wt eald make h ;s e ->i a pe ; o ; ; a! the lii'si >pp> -r;':: ::\. >m >n
alter ' i;e d rait, and on the List d.i\ "I : lie \ eai i .s i _, i. , .:hci s
i rosseil ; !u >! . I awrem c. diout foi i\ miles -io\\ 1\ ;_
( )ne "'. '<}.< .e othri's u i- ii.s trie in!. 1 ". ,i Hi i I'.Mi, u :.. i. i . ...:, u aids
. .;i . :...!,.. , . i i . .
152 HISTORY OK SKNKCA COUNTY.
Forsythe was in command. The Major examined each man separately,
and being fully satisfied of the truth of their statements, gave each
man a pass.
Jaqua then went over to his native county of Columbia, and on the
}d day of April. 1X13. started back tor Ogdensburgh. On his way he
met his friend Brown at Morristown. New York. They were both
experienced in the use ot small boats, and intimately acquainted with
the dangerous places in the channel of the St. Lawrence. Here they
came to the conclusion that they would help other deserters to get
over to the American side, and tor that purpose procured a craft, by
the means of which they helped a goodly number of the fugitives to
get across the river to the American side.
This sort of employment was exceedingly dangerous, inasmuch as
no crafts of any sort were allowed to touch the Canadian shore; yet
these friends followed up this work during all the summer and fall of
1813. The Canadian authorities became fully informed of these
operations, and sent a squad of men to a small island opposite Gibway
Point, with instructions to capture both (aqua and Brown as they were
passing to and fro.
One night (aqua. Brown. Patterson, and live others crossed over to
Gibway Point and secreted themselves until morning. Patterson
walked along the beach to attract the attention of the guard. Imme-
diately three men were seen [tutting out from the island in a punt-boat,
and landing on Gibway Point.pulled their boat on shore, and then
made for Patterson. These men and Patterson, getting into sharp
conversation. Patterson receded trorn the British and the shore, and
when they were tar enough away to be considered sate. (aqua. Brown,
and the other men, who were secreted with them, jumped up. and with
cocked guns and the help ot Patterson, took the men prisoners and
handed them over to a militia captain at Rawsee. This captain
detailed a guard, consisting of Sergeant \\hipple. (aqua. Brown, and
several others, to take the prisoners to Sackett's Harbor, which they < lid.
In the fall of the same year. 1X13. the American arm\ . under Gen.
\Vilkrrson. uas in camp on the American side ot the St. Lawrence, a
short distance below Gravelly Point. Gen. llainhn. with his troops,
was al-o >;ationrd at a point on the same side < ailed Lrcm h Mills.
Hamlir. was very anxious to have \\ilkersoii. with his men. join him,
ibout. it would require a long and tedious man h bv
rk the whole force in boats and proceed down the St.
kU HAkI> lAc.ifA. 15;
Hamlin sent two messengers witli his orders for NVilkerson, and when
these arrived at Morristown, where Jacjua and Brown then were, one
ot the messengers was taken sick, and became unable to ponced
further. 'The other messenger employed |a<|iia and Brown to take him
to (len. Wilkerson's headquarters. Thev took the punt boat. and.
traveling by night only, they reached (ien. Wilkcrson's camp in two
weeks after they lett Morri.stown. In a tew days thereafter. Brown and
laqua were engaged by (Ien. \\iiker-oii to pilot him and his forces
down the river to (Ien. Hamlin, through the 'Thousand Isles. lacpia
and Brown, with their punt-boat and a (lag. took the lead, and the
fleet, with (Ien. \Vilkerson and his forces, passed s.ilely through the
'Thousand Isles, and reached a point about lour miles above Tort
I'resc ott. called Hog 1'oint. where they landed. Here the army
remained a tew days, and then crossed the river into ('anada. Tor
about four weeks thereafter. |a<pia and Brown were < oiistantly busy
piloting parties down the river. Tor tear of trouble troin the ('anadian
authorities, Mr. (aqua kept his name, and the tact that he wa- dratted
in Canada, a profound secret during all the time he wa- a--o( iated \\ith
the movements ot the American troops along the St. l.awrence.
On the lath day ot May. iSi.i. Mr. Jaijtia enrolled hi- name a- a
private in a < ompany ot minute men under ('apt. T'.lli-. at 1 lotindsfield.
about five mile- above Sacketf- Harbor. I>ur:nglns service in that
company, one Wol-ev was in charge of a tied oi -mall boat- loaded
with store- belonging to tin- I mled State-, and vessels then : n pro, ess
of construction. When the cmnpanv arrived at a point ott B;_: Sandv
creek, near Sackett's Harbor, thev were not;, id bv the British ileet.
and Wolsev . to save his tleet. ran it into the month ot Bi^ Sandv. The
bar at the m out h o! the (reek prevented the Bn ! ish v es-el- jroni
in. 'Thereuj'on th" British immedial
followed \\'ol-ey. 'The alarm was
arri v ed v erv -< >< >n at the -< ene, am
thereon duty, gave the Briti-h battle. Af
time, the British retreated, leaving ninetv six of the
field. Mr. |a<jua -m c ceded in hav :ng In- tain;! v bi <
fall of i,S i }, and now joined them. In i x i ^ he w .is
timber and lumber to Sa< keti's Harbor, \\liep-
vessels u ere being built.
He moved to the we -tern part o! tb.e -tate oi V
lived six years, tnd then moved to this countv, in i.s.'j, an
Kden township, where he lived to the time
Brown had pro eded li;m as a pioneer f.i th;- c nunly.
154 HISTORY OK SKNKCA COUNTY.
Colonel Jaqua, as he was familiarly called, received neither com-
pensation nor pension from the government for all his valuable services,
until 1872. His property in Canada was all confiscated by the British
authorities. t'pon his petition to Congress, the Hon. C. Foster
representing this district in Washington, Congress generously acknowl-
edged and recogni/ed Mr. Jaqua's merits, and granted him a pension,
by special act. that tended very materially to gladden the few remaining
years of the Colonel's life.
Col. Jaqua was a little more than six feet high, and well proportioned.
He was blessed with an iron constitution, and great force of character.
In his boyhood days his chances for education were not very good:
but whatever he lacked in book-learning, he made up by his sound
sense and clear judgment. In stature and persona] appearance, in
his movements and tone of voice, he resembled fosiah Hedges, the
proprietor of Tiffin, very much. He had a noble bearing, an open,
frank, but sincere countenance: heavy lower jaw, clenched lips, dark
eyes, nose not very large and a little of the Roman shape, and a fine
forehead. His very looks would say: "I'll do as I agree, sir." lie
took a very active part in public affairs in Seneca county, and contrib-
uted largely to the development of her resources, having lived here
more than half a century. He was social in his nature, hospitable,
generous, kind. He was a good neighbor, a good citi/en, a good
husband and father, and. above all. an honest man. He died, without
a struggle, in peace with Cod and mankind, on the j6th of September,
1878, aged ninety-one years, five months and seventeen days. His
wife had preceded him to the other world on the ;th of May, 1877.
aged eighty six yeUrs, seven months and tour days. This venerable
couple lived in h;qipy wedlock nearly seventy years more than two
generations of time. The Colonel was buried with the plain, but
impressive ritual of Ma>onrv. having been an honored member of the
order during the greater part ot his lite. Rfyuit'scc in pace.
CHAPTER X.
FIRST MERIDIAN-BASE LINE TO WNSH I PS - RANG ES SECTIONS QUARTER
SECTIONS GENERAL SURVEY ORGANIZATION OF SENECA COUNTY THE
OLD COURT HOUSE HOLDING TH E FIRST COURT FI RST ELECTION FIRST
MEETING -OF THE BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS APPOINTMENT
OF FIRST TREASURER COLLECTOR OF TAXES SURVEYOR PROSECUTING
ATTORNEY ORGANIZATION OF BLOOM, SCIPIO. CLINTON. HOPEWELL,
SENECA AND ADAMS TOWNSHIPS BUILDING THE FIRST JAIL RUDOLPHUS
DICKINSON REED TOWNSHIP SALE OF THE RESERVATIONS.
1 II I 1 '. KT< ). the cabins of the early settlers were near the forts
of Seneca and Hall, with a tew scattered almiu r Koi kv < reek,
Honey reek. Silver creek and in Thompson. The " Illai k Swamp' 1
commenced immediately west ot the river: in ta< t. the Sandtisky river
was the eastern boundary ol the lllack Swamp.
These settlers were mere squatters. They < oiild buy nol.ind.be
cause there was none in market. < 'utsule ot the Indi.in reservation.
the title to all the territory was in the I'nited States; and this //,-;,
piif't'/'iiitt' could not be ottered tor sale until alter a siir\ey thercot was
made and reported, in order to enable the ^o\ eminent to make proper
<lesi ript ions of tracts, designating ca< h in su< h man tier and \\ ith sin h
certainty as to avoid, il possible, all cotunnersy .is to boundary lines.
eh .
l)ur;n_! all this time the squatters explored and prospei ted, making
selection-, ot loi alities a! or near \\hic h the\ intended to b'i\. as snon
a> the lands \\ ere < iffcre< 1 ! "or sale. The\ built their lint s \\ here\ er ttiey
pleased: fished and hunted. Some made small opening to raisi- vi-^e
tabi( s, tak:nL, r their < ham <-, tor the improvements tailing; :nto the hands
ot somebody else: others that i:\rd near am ot ;!:e-(' re-n \ at .. uis.
I'arnied the lands ot' s,,me ot the Imiiaiis on share- I '. us !;, ,u. liters
u< re emp;o\i-il mak;tij thetiiseb.es > oinlortaba'. :a:- ' ^ <<> k ind _;et
t inj r< idv '" open ' irnis :, ( |- theiiiseU e-.
156 HISTORY OF SENECA COUNTY.
measuring ranges of five miles each. At the end of the twenty-fourth
range he reached the southwest corner of the Connecticut reserve,
which is now also the southwest corner of Huron county. From this
point a line was drawn north to the lake, and parallel with the west line
of Pennsylvania, which formed the western boundary of the Western
Reserve. So that all the territory north of this parallel to the lake,
and all east of this north line to the state of Pennsylvania, constitutes
the Western Reserve; sometimes called the "Connecticut Reserve," and
sometimes "the Fire Lands." These lands were reserved by Connecti-
cut for the purpose of paying with them debts the colony owed to
revolutionary soldiers, to people who had their property burnt or
otherwise destroyed by the British army, etc.. war debts generally.
Let us remember now. that this parallel of forty-one degress north
latitude is the southern boundary, and the Iwse line of the Western
Reserve : that the ranges on that line are five miles ; that there are
twenty-four ranges in all ; and that the townships on the Western Re-
serve are five miles square.
Soon after the treaty of the Miami of the Lake, already mentioned,
the general government ordered all the lands thereby secured to be
surveyed. This was then "the new purchase."
Mr. Sylvanus Bourne, under instructions from the general land office
of the I'nited States, started a survey from the east line of the state of
Indiana on the forty first parallel N. L. This state line, which of
course is also the west line of Ohio, he called the first meridian.
Running his line on this parallel east, he planted a stake where the end
of the sixth mile wa- reached. This made one range, and the first
range in his survey. The end ot the seventeenth range brought him
within fifty-two chains anil seven links of the southwest corner of the
Western Reserve. A line drawn due north, by his compass, cut the
west line of the \\cstern Reserve exactly at the northeast corner of
Seneca county. There is therelore a strip oi land lying all along and
east of tlie seventeenth range, that is not in any range. ^,2.07 long on
the south end. running to a point just eighteen miles north. This tract
i^ (ailed "the gore." The ranges in the new pun hase are six miles
wide i;x'' - icj. The r,inge-> on the Western Reserve being live miles
wide -24\^ 12',: loj plus i jo 222. Theretore the distance trom
the state line of Pennsylvania to the state line oi Indiana is two hund
red and ;w- nt\ iwn miles and this gore ^2.c~.
From the-e -i\ mile posts, lines were drawn due north, to the north line
of ( ihio and to Lake Lrie. and south to the Virginia military land dis-
tri' ts. This line thus drawn along the forty first parallel north latitude,
I'.AKI Y si K\ I VS. 157
being tin- base of operation tor all future surveys, is < ailed the /'.;<v
line. The territory between these si\ mile posts is called a range, ami
runs north and south from the base line, as at>o\e indicated.
Parallel with this base line, and six miles distant therefrom, other
lines were surve\ed. starting from this meridian north and south of the
base line, and running east until other surveys were met. The north
and south lines, or range lines, thus cut at right angles by the east and
west tines, or township lines, formed trai ts of territory, each six miles
square, (ailed townships. Kach additional east and west, six mile line,
from the base line, adds another township to the number. The town
ships, therefore, are numbered from the base line north and south; and
townships une north or south means all the townships along the entire
length ot the base line, having the base line for the northern or south
ern boundary. The next townships north or south arc numbered two.
and so on. until Michigan or lake Krie on the north, or some other
survey on the south is reached.
In describing a piece of land, therefore, we say, tor example. "Town
ship two i > i north, range fifteen i *> east"; because this is tin- second
township north <>| the base line, lying north and ;n range iittcen. < ount
ing the ranges irom the meridian as above.
A Mr. llolnu-s assisted Mr. I'xmrne in the survci of the range and
tou iiship lines.
I' our gentlemen were appo; nu-d b\ the ( 'o nun issj oner oi the general
land oiti, e. to siirve\ and sub d:\ide Senna county into se< :ions. , >'i.ir
ter and halt' quarter sections. They were I. (il.isgow. I'm e 1 . Kellogg.
Jamc> 1'. \Vorthingtonand Sxlvanus iloiirne.
Seneca i mint \ has live range-,, fri mi ;he t hi rteenth to the -e\ enteentli,
bo! h mi lusi\ e. and l lire e townships no nh one, t\\ o and three. I here
are the ret ore fifteen townships in the ount\ , the S.mdusk.\ r:\er , utt in^
it trom the south to the nonli into two parts nearlv equal . and the
< oiuitv seat be;n_; near the center of the , oiint\, makes Senei a ountv
almost uiiequalied in shape and !>eaut\ b\ an\ .ither io:int\ .n t!ie
state.
M i .(,.,! .jo\\- siir\
Spr:;;.. 1 .,-i.lori and
Mi. '\Vo uton
vi/: ,, , ... llopru
: I. den. < ",:;'o'i i
1^8 HISTORY OF SKN'KCA mt'NTY.
named are the same as they arc no\v known, and not as established
from time to time by county commissioners. The ideographical lines
ot the tmvnships were established bv these surveys. It is also to be
understood that the Indian reservations were not included in these
surveys.
Kach township being six miles square, makes just thirty -six sections.
each one mile square, and containing six hundred and forty acres
each. The sections are numbered by commencing at the northeast
cornei- of the township: running west, brings section six into the north-
west corner: the next section south of this is section seven, and running
east, brings section twelve immediately south of section one; then
calling the section south oi twelve number thirteen, running west and
so on. brings section thirty-one into the southwest corner, and section
thirty-six into the southeast corner of the township.
The sections were again sub-divided into quarters and halt quarters.
with lines at right angles, making it very easy to describe the quarter
of a quarter.
It is scarcely possible to conceive ot a plan tor the description ot
land for the purposes ot purchase, sale or taxation, more beautiful,
eorahicall, or tor business more convenient.
to.
We must also remember that in all these surveys, the Sandusky river
having been, by act of Congress, declared a navigable stream, is not
included. The surveys run only to low water mark ot the stream, and
therefore necessarily and unavoidably create many fractional sections.
These surveyors finished their work in iSjo.
There were thm. also, several other Indian reservations, aside from
the Seiiei a reservation, vi/: The Armstrong reservation: the M<('nl
h>< h reser\ ation ; the Van Meter reservation; the Walker reservations.
and a re- i >l about twelve square miles 01 etipy ing the southwest
e \\ yandots. 'I hese reserves
sale umil alter the last Indian
Clin-tinas surveyed them all.
ught into market also.
hou the
districts- tin- Delaware and the I'i'pi.i land district-*, by a line dtaun
north and south through and near the t enter of the new pun h.ise.
This placed Seneca county in the 1 >ela\vare land distrii t.
On the ;d day ot' August. iS.-i.the land> in the Delaware land
district north ot the base line, were liiM ottered tor sale at Delaware at
a minimum price ot one dollar and twenty ii\e < cnts per a< re. I.ar^e
quantities ot land in this < oiinty were purchased at these first sales,
but very litile ot it abo\e the minimum pri< e.
ISelorc the subject is dismissed, it may be well to state anotlier tail
in connection with these surveys, that should be generally understood:
"The boundaries ot the general simcys can not be ( handed."
Congress, as early as the vear iNc;. laid down icrtain general prin
oiples in regard to the un< han^eablene-s ot the lines and < orncr>
established by LM>\ eminent siir*c\"[s, \\hi(h have been < ontinuecl
oper.itis e down to the present time, and are still in lull tone. These
principles are contained in the second section ot' an a< t entitled "An
a< t concerning the mode ot snrve\in_; the public lands ot' the t nited
States." approved I'cbruar\ 11. iSo^. and are as follows, to-wit:
1st. All the corners i narked in the surveys returned by Stir\ e\ or-< icnerals.
sliall lie estalilished as the proper corners of sections or siih-di\ isions of
sections \\hieh they \\ereintended t<> designate: and tin- ciMiiers of half
and ijiiarter sections, not marked on said siir\e\s. shall In- placed as nearl\
as possible. fi|iiall\ ilistant from those t\\o corners \\ hich stand mi the sai in-
line.
The Hoiindarx I .ines act ually run and marked in the siirve\ s returned b)
the Sur\i'\ o]--( icneral. shall lie estalilished as the proper lioundarv lines of
the sections or sllli-ili visions for \\hiell the\ \\ere intended ; and the length
of such lines as returned 1>\ the Survey or-( ieneral aforesaid, shall In- held
and considered as the true length thereof.
l''.\perieni e has demonstrated the uisdom ot this eiKiciment. N->
las\' e\ er passed bv ('undress ha-- lontributed so mt; i ii to j'rexent
disputes in regard to boundaries it the p',i!il;< l.im'.s. ( o -
ex ten I ot the t err it or \ over which the pn'o'ii si;:\ ( \, ci-n
extent led. cmbrai inu \\ hole states. ;io\\ thic k';\' sett h d \\ .'':: ivj . and
a 1 1 c i t i n 4 ; 1 1 1 ' r e s t s u i \ o 1 \ : n ^ m . i n \ t ! i o u s a n d s ( 1 1 . : . < ' i . i ; -- . . . i .
L; row MIL; '''it ot disputed boundaries, arc --'irpr;---: ;:.. ', \ i.iii . "^ - > : i ot
l\ c ( i , i ; i _ ' ; '. . i r > i r \ e \ ; n _; . " i < \ I . II. I I a \\ - . p . i i .
A ! I ! i o : _ 1 . t ! ; i ~ i i \\ i 1 1 . i \ : i ; - - ' : 1 1 1 . i . ' i i c - \\ c : > *'.:: :<\
l()0 HISTORY OK SKNKCA COUNTY.
Whenever, therefore, questions should arise as to the correct corners
and lines of lands, with this knowledge of the law before us. and proper
examination of the field notes, where the same are established, great
annoyance, heartaches and money may be saved.
If any of the old land-marks of early life in Seneca county shall he
omitted or overlooked in this book, it will not be because the writer
has not been sufficiently industrious in his efforts to look them up for
record. Indeed, sometimes I fear that my persistent inquiries about
atlairs of former days among my old pioneer friends, have been bur-
densome to many of them, and I have no other apology to offer but
my earnest purpose to preserve, for the use of their children, a full
and faithful record of Seneca county's past.
Very many people in Seneca county perhaps never knew, and others
have forgotten, the fact that there was an Indian reservation, containing
about twelve square miles, belonging to the Wyandots, in the southwest
corner of Big Spring township. This reservation, and another piece
of the same lying south of the same and adjoining it, was procured by
the I'nited States and brought into market with the Seneca reservation,
long before the U'yandots sold their large reservation to the general
government. (See chap. III.)
To preserve the time of the sales of these reservations in Seneca
count}', 'he proclamation of (ien. lackson, then President ot the
I'nited States. is here added, because the fact itself, as well as the time,
are both important and historic. And it is also to be remembered,
that these sales took place some ten years alter the land sales spoken
ol in a tormer < hapter.
Mr. (leorge \V. (list, a very able surveyor, had located in Tiffin a
short time before these Indian lands came into market, and to enable
the purchasers of these lands to make the proper selections, published
a notice in the Si->i,-,-,i I\itri,>t. the only newspaper then published in
the count v. ''and of which further notice will be taken hereafter) in
the^e words:
LAND ITHCII ASKKS. LOOK IIKKK:
Tin- sulisenher has n|| hand ;1 <|iiaiitit\ <>|' plats, ami descriptions nf the
sfi-tiniis ami Ihie-. nf the Seneca ami Bi.u r Spring reser\ at i"iis. I'TSI>HS
U''im_: 'MI either n|' the --aid reserves, \\ill liml them <>t' iiim-h advantage.
'I'll' > a;v maile t'rnin the original Held m>tf> <>i' ( '. \V . Christinas. Ksi|..
District Mir\r\n|-. (.1 n. \\ . (Ji-r. Surveyor.
I'Kh -I HI N I |AlKsi>\ s I'KiiCI. \M \ I IM.N I \M- - \ ! I >. id I
MY Till-: I'KKSlhKNT (>\- I'll I! I MTKI> -TATI>.
In pursuance of l;i\\ . I Andrew .lackson. I 'i esid.-nt of tin- I nited "lilt*"-
"I A im-rica. di> lierel>\ declare ami make km>un.tha! puMic sales w ill !>
In-Ill at tin- I. ami ( Mt'n-r "I 1'i.pia ami l'>iic\ \ us. in tin- >/.i'- ,,< < ;/,,,.. at the
period I n- 1 riii designated, t'n i' tin- disposal of certain lands ln-iTt.it mi- ies.-r\ ed
tor tin- l.i-iidil .it certain triU-s of Indians in said Slab-, ami \\lnch ha\e
IH-CII li\ tin-in i diminished and surrendered unto tin- I nited States. ti-\\it :
A I tin- Land ( Mticr at l'ii|iia. mi t In- fmirtli Mninlas in I irci-mlu-i n-\t . \r
tin- salt- nt tin- late Sliau in-c rot-rs at imi mi HnL r < 'n-i-k. ->ituatt- in t'i\\ n>lii|>s
th fee ami t'mir. smith nl' ratine ^i\. caM . containing 1 twciitv -live sijitarr niilt-s :
also tor tin- >alt- ol' tin- late Shau m-e re.er\ at imi at \\ a poet ikon net ta, situate
in tou nsliips I'mij-. Ii\e ami six. smith of ranges ti\e.>i\ ami --e\en.ea^t.
(ontainiiiLr one humlieil ami t\\ent> iipiare niile>; also I'm th"- ^ale of the
late Seneca ami Shaum-e n--,er\ at imi at I.e\vist<>\vn. situate in to\\ n ships ^i.\
ami se\en. ^outli of ranu r e se\en ami ei^lit. eaM. ami in township ->e\en.
smith, ran^e nine. east, cmitaininu si\t\-t\\o square miles.
At tin- I. ami Otliee in l!iic\rns. mi the secoml Mmnla> in 1 >eceiiilier m-\t.
tm' the sale of the late \V\amlot reservation at the \\\^ >prnm. sit nate in
loun^hip^ i-iie. north, ami mie. smith, of ranges t \\i-l\e ami thirteen. eaM.
-mitaininL, r ! \\ dit \ -li\ e square miles; aUo fur the sale of the late Seneca
re-M-r\ at ion mi tin- >amln^k\ l\i\ er. sit nate in to\\ nshi|i-> I u o. three ami four.
north oi ranges lifteen ami sixteen, containinii foi-t\ thmisaml acj-"s.
The lamU re>e|-\ci| li\ la\\ for the n>e ol' ^i-hooK. ni for other purposes.
\\ i 11 lie excl l|i|ei| f l'i Mil sale.
The sales u ill In- kepi open |or a peri ml not exceed MIL; l u o u eeks. ami m>
ion-'i-r than -essarv to oil er the \\ hole of the lands.
< ii\ en nmler in) haml at tin- t'it\ of Washington this thirteenth ila) of
N'o\ enilier. A . 1 >. I S:;L!.
A.\i>i;i:\\ .IACKS< \.
I!) the President.
I J.i i A u 1 1 \ 'i \\ \ I:D. ( 'oinmi.ssimier of the ( ii-m-ral 1 .and t Ulice.
These sales took jilace ci^ht \ears .iinl nine months alter the or-. in;
.' at ion i it Senci a county.
A. M. Strwart, who published the atlas of Sem-i a <nnnt\ sonic si\
\ears aL;o. took Mr. Hut tcriicld's histor\ tor data: ami speaking of
earl\ roads, i ojiii-s tin- stor\ of the 1'cll road. I'he\ s.iv that "(irn.
Hell, from \\oostcr.sur\c\cdaidad in iSij. \\huh took his name/'
There is no iraie tit an\ siirvc\ of Hell's road to be found ainuhen-.
and ail there u as i it it. is this:
('en. I'.eil was ordered b\ (irn. I I arri^on to jm k out in it sur\ r\ a
suitable trai k tor a road on the west bank ot the Sand-|sk\ ii\cr. to
I.ovsei' >andiiisk\ irom I ppci Sandiiskv. o\er ulr.cl; miHarv storrs,
troops and pr >\ isions i ould be i arrieil (.<:: I'. ' and his men
followed di -MJ ' :.e lett bank oi the r \ i m 'he ;._';. -.! .; ro- 1 ni !. without
p a \ i n 4 a n \ i ' ' e n . o i \ ; , . i o u r -- ( ,..,-.;,- \ i : i t - . t . . M : \ 1 1 e k e r ! ! ; < v
speak ,,l. v. ::. !;i> !: ,cn. . and , .i:-
102 HISTORY OF SI.M-X'A COl'NTY.
was other obstructions, and bla/ed the trees as they worked along. ThU
the surveying they did on this road. A similar road was opened along
and near the right bank of the riser, leading from Delaware to Lower
Sandusks. These arms- roads answered all practical purposes tor
se\'eral years: first for military nioYements. and then for emigrants and
settlers. Nor i> it true that Mr. Risdon afterwards surveyed these
army roads into state roads: but Mr. Risdon did survey a state road
from I'pper Sandusky to Lower Sandusky. in iS^i. without paying any
attention to any army road. His survey ran as nearly straight as
possible, and scarcely ever touched the army road.
In iS^o. Israel Harrington surveyed the Morrison state road, still
known by that name, leading from ( 'roghans\ ille < Lremont ) to Delaware.
'riii> was the first road surveyed and opened in Seneca county, east ot
the river, while the road surveyed bs Risdon was the first one \ve>t ot
the ris er both state roads. The Morrison road wa-, named alter one
of the commissioners, who located the road.
Colonel lames Kilbourn. a pioneer surveyor, already introduced,
surveyed a road leading from Portland, i now Sandusky C'ityj to I'pper
Sandu>kv. to which lie gave his own name, in 1X22. It is said that
Thoma> llaker and L/ra P.rosvn. two distinguished pioneers, both from
the state of New York, were the first settler-, in Seneca county who
came on that road.
A historv of the survex ing and opening of the principal roads ol
the counts' might be made interesting enough to >ome people, but would
not warrant the spare it would necessarily require.
'1 he legislature divided tin- new purchase into toiirteen i ountie^. b\
an act pa^ed on tin: iJth day of I-'ebruary. iXjo. ( f these, Seneca
counts wa-. the ninth in the order named in the art. It wa-- to consist
ot toss'iiships. one. two and three, north ot range-- thirteen to seventeen.
both inclusive, and to remain a part ol Sand'isky counts, until organi/ed
into a counts' with municipal posver-*. bv a tuturr act ot the legislature.
I he < ommi-i>ioncr> ot Sanduskv counts' organi/ed tour townships in
th;- roiin'y, Irom time to time, outside ot the reservation^, as lollosv-,:
Ihnmp-"n \\-a-, organi/ed on the Js'th day of \pril. i.Sjo. with the
I' /iloss ing In >un< laries. vi/ :
P>fg:nuing at the northeast dirtier of the Seneca reservation, in
Sai.ii . i untv. running thence north to tlu- i then > present trailed
ro/.ii i , . an-s ille to Strong'-, settlement, inot vers definite :
th": ii- ' '.. ill inter-ei t the fire lamU: them e -oiiih \\:'h said
l:n ' ' ':. : theni e vvi >; aloni; said lim- until a i'! 1 '' ':'.< i.Mrth
ss '.','. i,it e oi' 1 1;- 'inn in 'I hi> t'-rrir .; in -< d i in
present townships of Tin mips. m. Keed. Venn c, anil iwo and one half
sei lions alon^ the east sides ot Kin. mi. >< ipio .nul Adam-. .m>! a pait
nt Sandiiskv ct unity.
< >n the Sth il.iy < it Ma\. iSjj. the s.i;i < < mimi-si, >ner- or-ain/ed
Seneca township, whii h was the se< ond township in the < omity, ami
iin hided all the balam e of the < ounty nt enibr.u ed in :he !ni:iml.irii-->
<>\ Thi mipsi in ; M> thai t\vu t> >\v:i-,hip> i mitained the \\li.il,- , o'inty.
< Mi the tir^t Monday in lune. iS_>o. the -~aid eoinnii'ioner-> or^a:ii/cil
('linton to\vii-hip. fixniu the Itotnidaries a> no\ e>taMi>hed. e\< ep 1 thai
part \ve^t i >t' the r:\ er. \'i/ :
Coinniein in- where the to\\n->h;|i line, liet^eeii tuo and three, -trike-
the n\ ei' i >n [he ea-t hank thereof: ninnin.u theme \si:h -..i;d line to
the northea--! i-oriier of township two, in ran^e titteeii: then, e -outh
with the ratine line between ranges titteen and sixteen, to the ^o.itlieast
between townships one and two; thence northerK with the in -anders
o! the river to the pl.u e ot he^ inning.
It was n. lined alter I>e\\'itt ('linton. ('io\ernor of Neu \ ork.
I'. den. the las' township or^ani/ed \>\ the connnissii iners iii Sandusk\
(oiintv. was fixed with its present boundaries in iS_i. \i/: I', i.. \ 1\.
This still let! ^enei a townshiji embi'.u i n^ all \sest ,it the i \,-i to t!ie
\\ est line i 't" t he ci unit \ .
To prcsersea re( ord o! wh.it part ot the Seneca reser\ation \\.is
w: th . n Seiiei a < omit \ , let n> i oi nine in e. tor a st art i n^ po nt, on the
ri.Llln bank of the Sandiiskx river, about one i|iiarter >>! a mile so-;th ,>;
the -n!it h line oi sri t ; on seven, in ( 'linton io\\ n-~h i p. r:;ninn_; d'le ea^t
on a line p.ir.illel uiih the smith sei tion lines o; sei "<"^
t h i r! e e 1 1 . ni' 1 n s i v e . in ( ' 1 1 1 1 1 o 1 1 . and extending ill-.
short dist UK e smith oi the i entei oi -ei tion ten. in >. :p;n. t!n.:i' e
rimninj due north ihroii^h \danis tu the north line o: Senei .1 < o>int\ .
t hi 1 1 1 i 1 u i s : on s , 1 1 d north line to 1 1 1 . r i j h t ! i a n k o i tin ^andiisk\ river;
thrnre ,o'itl! i!o M .- the nieandern^s o! said v;.;li: b ink t.. r he , -la, e of
beL;inninL'.
( n.ler tin or^am/ation of these townships, elei tion- u. leM as
follows: In Tho.np.on. .it the house ,,. |,,--ph I'.unn e '.th
day of M.i\ . i V' . e i -t d i\ n ( '1
on the i,:h d.i\ In: . i^. 1 d \'\\ ' ; U>
\\elch. |a;nes Mathers and Henry (.'raw, trustees; Ira Holmes and John
Searles. fence-viewers: lohii Searles, treasurer: Hugh Welch and Ira
Ho!mc>. appraiser^: Samuel Knap]) and John Welch, supervisors:
Thoma> Welch, constable.
Seneca township, at its first election, elected the following ticket,
vi/: Wc>t Barney. John Lay, Havid Risdon. trustees: John Keller and
I>a\id Rice. overseer> of the poor; lames Montgomery, Krastus Howe
and Joel Chapin, supervisors: P. Wilson, lister: Asa I'ike, appraiser;
Thoma> Nicholson and Abner Tike, fence-viewers: John Boughton and
Joel I .ee. constables.
A lister was an officer whose duty it was to report to the trustees,
and afterwards to the county auditor, a list of the able-bodied white
male inhabitants liable to perform military duty. For this work he
was by law entitled to seventy-five cents per day.
At the state election in this year, the whole county polled, twenty-six
votes, all told.
It will be noticed that in these elections no justice of the peace was
elected. Sandusky countv exercised judicial power oxer the whole ol
Seneca i ounty. until Seneca became established as a county by law.
i >l;,\NI/.\ I l< >N or SKNI'.CA CiH'VIY.
(Mi ;lu- j;?d day of January. A. 1 >. 1824. the legislature ol ( )hio
pas-ed the following act for the organi/ation of Seneca county, in the
wonU ami figures following, vi/:
A N A ( ' T
TII (>i ;//,//: '/" Count;/ nf Smt'i'ft.
SKCTION 1. /;, ;/ , ,,<n-tnl //</ tin (;< ,n rul Aw mbl'j f the Stnti nt Ohio,
That tlii- counts of Seneca lit- ami the same is hereby organi/ed into a
separate ami distinct county.
SKC. ij. That all justices of the peace, and other otlicers residing in tlie
county nt' Seneca, shall continue to discharge the duties of their respective
otlices until their Miccessm> are clmsen and ipialiiied according to law.
SKC. :;. Thai the qualified electors residing in the county of Seneca,
shall meet MI their respective townships on the first Monday of April next,
and elect their several comit\ otlicers. who shall hold their respective offices
until the nc\t annual election, and until others are chosen and qualified
according lo law .
Si-:< . I. That all Miits and action-,, whether of civil or criminal nature,
which shall ha\e been commenced . ^hall lie prosecuted to final judgment
and execution, and all taxes, tines and penalties, which shall have become
jn the >a n ie i* i a n i n- r a s if i hi- act had not IHTII passed.
t and lie in f i !(( from and after the first da\ of April
.IOSKIM! IM( II AHDSON.
Speakel'of the llol|>eof I {e) iCe^el 1 1 a t i \ CS.
Seaker of the Senate.
I- i.i t i KIN < >i i ii i i( i k^. i ';
In < ontormity will) thr forc-oin- .u t. not'n e in writiriu ua- p.>-u-d u|.
in the several ' lour ' township-, in thr (ountv, tor tin.- h<ildm_' <t thc
elcctMn. The only olti< cr- to In- < ho-cii .U this rln tion urn a -hrnlt.
three < >niniissii HUM'S anil a ( oroiu-r. \'i -heriM. A_;recn I;._rahan>
re<eived (inc hundred and iunet\ votes; and !ir cnroiier, I e\erctt
l>ra<llt-\ iv i ei\cd tun hundred and six \ote> I'.i'ih were rlei ;<-d.
At tin.' same tinir tlu- lollouin^ naiiu-d. pcr^iin^ \\i-n- aU.i ( ii , tcil a-^
<ount\ i oin in i^>i. nirrs, t>> v,-i\r until thr in/\t annual rln :;iin in
( >( tolu-r. \ ;/ : \\ illiain ( "lai k, |r>->r S. t >1 instead. I'.rnianiin \Vi-; MM >rr.
( >n tin- ;tli da\ ot IUIH-. iSj.}, thr Imanl ni < < uniiii^-ii HH-I - < M _;aiu/o!
and ln.-ld tlu-ir lii'^t ->i.-i<>n. I'lu- lir^t IHI^IIH-^-- in nidrr ua-> tin l.rann.;
o! a ] n't it i' in |ttv-M-nu-d 1\ l\i >\l\ n M ilK-r. |n a\ 111.4 i' ( r t In !< u at : >n ol a
road. Thr ] irt it ioiii tor tour other road> \\rrr heard at tin- ->ann-
-r^-~ii ni.
Tlu- [irtition o| Thoina> I!o\d and othrr^. \i/: thr <jualii";rd \o[cr>
ol 1-alrii tnu n-,liiji, prrtlii atrd upon thr tollnu in^ r rra-i n;.t! >!r jround"
- tlu- prt it ion sa\ > to u it : "laboring undrr ^rrat itn on\ mii-in r. it < mi
the di^tam r, ol attfiidin^ public rln tion--. and ha\;n^ a -utln iriu
nuinbrr oi ijtialihrd rln tnr-. in tlu- township. \\ r pra\ \otir hoiinrablc
board to >rt oil >aid town^hijis. No-, i and j. in ran^r i<i. A\,<\ i or.-.i;tutc
thrin a Ir^ai township, to be knoun b\ the nainr o| |!|IHMM."
The board uranied the petition, and nrdered that :o\\n>h;!^ i ai:-i j.
in ran^r i fi. Uimini and >i ipio u hii h \vrrr or.uani/rd u ;: h I ,dn; '. .u n
ship, and. to\\ iish :ps i and j, : n the i 7 : Ii ran^e, \ ei. i and !<-,; .n.ij
tractional iouiiships No-,, i and _'. ;n ran^e iS. be -e; <>i:
b\ the board of i < unnii-^i' iner> a lr.:.i! town-hip. i<> ' .- k-^.u;: ;.\ ;!.,
name , if I'.loi un.
( >n the -ante da\ . Iniic ;th. iSjj. tlu- board ui eonirn:
app'iinti ii \Iilinn \b Neal trea-un-r, and I >a\ .d Ri-iit.n , ,,;;, , ;,, ; ,,;
taxes IM] > e n e i a i i u ! 1 1 \ .
Narhan \\ h; !iu-\ u a- illo\\ ed tv, o dollar- and :\\ , n: \ ;' -. , i , nt- :..j
three d a \ -- ' -e r \ : i e - ; 1 1 1 i - 1 ; 1 1 _; I ! 1 1 i II 1 p - o II I O U II > 1 1 J ' . I i -e p 1 1 I I - '. .
alloU ed ' hree di iil.1! > a lid -c\ ell! \ live i ellt- \<>r il-t I!;. I .. : . ( ,, ,
|'.i'-k \\.i- ali'iued line dnllar and ei_;h;\ -e\t-n ai;.i a ': i'l e
in- ( 'linti'ii; and jo-eph Ki-elcr \\.i> allowed :\\n d. .;!.,:-
fi\e i en'- !<>! li-tili^ 1'!. Seiiei a : i >\\ n -h ; p.
1 ) . i \ ; 1 1 ^ ! i ; . ' 1 1 . i < ' ! 1 e I A i i e - a - < i e i k 1< n ! ! : e i , i n ;
..,! 1 1 . 'it.-,,. IM ,-,- ,1 , \ _
I 66 HISTORY 01 SKNfcCA COfNTY.
gani/ation of Scipio township. The reason for such organization
claimed in the petition is the fact that there were sixfi-en !<-gn/ voters
residing in (lie territory composed of Scipio and Reed, and the hoard
granted the petition accordingly.
At the same session. Xeal McOaffey presented a petition for the
opening ot a county road from the public square in Fort Ball to the
public square in Tiffin, across the river by the most suitable ground. On
the same day the township of Hopewell was organi/ed. including Lou
don. and an election ordered to be held. The trustees to be elected
were authorized to take charge of the school lands. Seneca township
was then reduced to what now constitutes Seneca and Big Spring.
On the Sth da}' ol December, 1824. the county commissioners cast
lots to ascertain how long each was to serve : whereupon it was found
that Thomas Boyd was to serve for one year. Benj. Whitmore for two
years and Doctor Dunn tor three years. Kver since that time Seneca
county has elected but one commissioner each year, except when by
death or resignation the election of another became a necessity.
The same day the board rented from (leorge Park his north chamber
for a ( ounty clerk and auditor's office, and agreed to pay him one
dollar per month for the use of the same. The chamber was a part of
Kli Xorris' old tavern. The ground where it stood is now covered by
the National Hall block. At the same time Clinton was fixed to its
present status, and an election ordered.
William Coincll \va- appointed keeper of the standard measure, the
device of the seal to be a circle with the letters therein. "SIN. CO., OHIO."
On the sixth day of June. 1825. commissioners were appointed to
locate a road in ('rawford township. T. i. S. 1\. i ^ I-'... and tor that pur-
pose met at the house ot |as. \\ hitic ker, on the 6th day ol |uly following.
Win. Harp-tcr was" allowed two dollars tor listing S\ camore township;
Jesse (iale the same amount tor listing Crawfordt township. It would
therefore appear from this, that the commissioners ot Seneca county
exercised jurisdiction over Crawford < ounty until it was organi/ed.
At tin- s;une session the commissioners settled with the auditor and
treasurer, and found a balance in favor of the latter of > 1^.46.
Mr. I ledges had built a I wo story frame house on the lot immediately
north ot the ' niirt house square, on the place now occupied by the east
end <-f 'he Commen ial bank and the office of the .SV^vw Aiiri-rtiser.
The si . ( Dud ,tor\ uas used ;is a court room and the lower three rooms
tor office-. The first < ourt in Seneca county was held in this trame
hoii-e. and that wa- the court house of Sene< a county until the brick
i oiiri house was built in i >>}<>.
ri i.ri i< >s Dt i .1 i ii i KS. i (,-
Jndi;c 1 benc/cr Lane, ot Norss.dk, svho svas the < in nit jud^e ot thr
indicia! district ot which Seneca t mints tormed a part, held the first
ctairt in Seneca county, on the iJth das ot April. i.Sj.j. \ mler the old
constitution ot <>hio. the i ircnit indues svere appointed l>s the I.e^ 1 ;-.
lature tor the term ot scsen s ear-.. There s\cre also appointed bs tin-
Legislature three a----.', iate judges in eat h t mints tor the term ol ses en
years. These asso. iate judges ssere not lawyer*., but svere -elet ted
from the business men ol the ( onnty. ^encralh from the parts that had
a majority in the Legislature lor tlie time bein^. The-e ass.xiatc
jndi;e>, ssith tin' presiding or cm nit |iid_;e. tormed the < ourt. a maiority
ol whom ssas net cs-,ar\ tor the transit l;on ot lui>ine>-
The first associate judges appointetl tor thi-> i ounts were \\ iliiam
Cornell. |a.|iics i Inlbnrd and Matthess ('lark. Tin- t ourt . at its first
si-s^ion. a]ipoinietl tor the I'lerk ol the t mirt. ,"'.'/,;/., \eal Mt(iait'e\.
and lor t ounts siirsesor l)asid Ki^don.
The i o;;r! lasted about thirls minute-., and then atljouriictl tor ssant
ot" other biiMness.
()n the IJth das ol ( )t tober. in the --a me sear, the iir>! annual ele<
lion ss- i> held in the counts, when the loll, .win- otti< er> svere elected,
si/: slu-rilt, A-reen In^rahani: coroner. ChrMopher Stone; auditor.
I )as id Smith ; t onimi>sioner-.. Deiijamin \\ hitniore. Tl'.oma- I !o\ d and
Dot tor 1 1'iiin.
The court in this year appointed Kudolphus ]);. km son pi use. nt;n^
attornes. and the lonnts t ommissit Miers a].pointetl Mil;..n M<\ea!
i .Mint v t re .is nre r.
\\iih this Mn.dl t omiiiem eineiit old Seiiet a started on her proud
i areer to tut tire urea! ness.
Mr. 1 ) 1 1 k i n s o n , b e i n L; t h e 1 1 r s t I a ss s e r ss 1 1 . i s e 1 1 1 c d i n S e n e i a < .> u n t s .
and ssho t.iok a s cry a. live part in the or^ani/ation ni ;h.e . mints and
pubi:. allairs generally, svas apjiointed bs the t ourt 'he I'M-; proset u;:n_;
attornes oi i he t i mnt y .
lie \s as 1 M 11 n at \\ hateies . M .is>.ii hiiset t s. , ,\\ the _>' h das . : I let em
bet . i 7.) 7. and svas a L; r.n ln.it e ot \\ i i iiam - ( 'ol'e^e :n t!:.i' -*:.i'.<-. 1m
lliedi lleis alter he let! t olie j.e he . .line [o ( oiumbu--. ' ''
tan^ht -' hooi .ml read lasv in the otti. e ..: ( IM-.:.!-. 'i- "* .s a; . !: i: i :;\ .
A tter his .(< !mi .-;on i., the h.i r l !r l.n.i'ed ; :i Ijtii:.''!:
I S.'.j. t'li ' i : 1 ' '' ' 1'. ail ide. ss here 1 ' the tew
settlers a^ iin -: Mr. I! !,,-, ;,, h:~ , 1 111:1 \I; 1 d, k
ins. in \s a - a ppo . u ', e. i ii\ - he i . >ui t ' iie in-: ; ' . s : tht
i mint y. 11;- name ; s i.h'ii
sessii ins ot the . ouils .)! -sen
l68 MISTOKY OI' SENKCA COUNTY.
Spencer in the suit against Mr. Hedges about the brush dam. the
most celebrated among the'early cases tried in the county. In May,
1826, Mr. Dickinson resigned his office of prosecuting attorney, and
Abel Rawson \vas appointed his successor. In the same month Mr.
Dickinson removed to Lower Sandusky. and in i8>y he married the
daughter of John Beaugrand. one of the oldest settlers of Lower San-
dusky and who at an early day was a partner of Ceneral John L. Hunt,
of Maumee City. Mr. I), took great interest in schemes for starting
the public works of the state, in which lie occupied a high prominence
among his cotemporaries. Among these public enterprises were the
Wabash and Lrie Canal and the Western Reserve and Maumee Road.
He was a member ot the Hoard ot Public Works from 1836 to 184^.
During this period the state of ( )hio suffered great financial embarrass-
ment, and her cred-it ran down to titty per cent, below par. her bonds
selling for fifty cents on the dollar. Mr. Dickinson's influence with the
leading men of the state and the Legislature, contributed largely in
saving the credit of the state and preventing the entire suspension of
public improvements.
Mr. Dickinson was elected to Congress in 1846, and re-elected in
1848. He died soon after the commencement of the second term of
his service at the city ot \\ ashington in 1841;. on the ^oth da\.of March,
at the age of fifty -OIK- years, two months and twenty-two days.
( );i the fourth day ot July. i.s^;. the < onimissioners ot Seiie< a < ountv
held an extra session ot the board to re< eive proposal* and bids for the
building of a jail in Tittin. lleiijamm \\lnMnore and Dm tor Dunn
were present. The bids were opened and the. contract awarded to Lli
jah I -"ar^ui'son. he being the lowest bidder, tor the sum of tour hundred
and fifty dollars, pa \ able when the work was completed, losiah I ledges
was surety on the bond ot Mr. Largurson for the promp compliance
with his agreement to periorm the same..
The carh settlers will remember this, the first publii building put up
in Seneca i ountv. It stood at the southeast corner ot the present court
house square, and was made ot he-wed logs fitted tightly on the top oi
e.i< h other, with hewed logs tor the ceiling and heavy oak plank for
the floor. The doors were made ot double planks with wagon tires
bour.l ,i( ross tin -m tor hinges, and a large padlock on the door. There
rooms in this log jail - one on the east side and the oilier on
Me. The windows were cross barred \\ith hea\ \ tire iron.
;:h end of the jail was attai lied, a frame building as wide as
I'lou: t\M-nt\ tee! . \\i'h a narrow stairway to the garret, and
rooms iielow. Ihis iiMine part was intended, a- a residence
tor the sherilt, lint was never oc i upied tor that purpose. The j.t'.l'T
lived there i M ( asionalh : and final !\ , and nut d tin- old lo- jail was torn
down in 1X40 41. m\ old t'ricnd, |olm I :< i 1 > upied this tr.uiie part
ol tlu- jail t'nr a cabinet shop, and Mar<;'i;- \ <iro||' lised immediately
across the street trom the same, on the south side ot Market street.
In the I >c< ember session ot the i oun!\ < oniinissioiieis. ( 'liristoj.her
Stone was allowed one dollar as appraiser ot ('hnton t< >* \\ hship.
At the same time. I >et ember sjh, iNj>.and upon the applii ation ut
\ureen In^raham, the i ommissioiiers passed. an order b\ wh;< h ail that
part ot ('linton towiishiji l\in:4 west ot" the river was a'.tai lied, to Hope-
well, tor the reason, undoubtedly, that '.here were no bridges o\er the
river and it was theretore more < oiueniciit for the people on the \\est
side to uet together and hold their elet tiolls, eti .
The lo- jail bein^ t'mished and the \\ork done to the saf.stai tion ot
the ( oiintv eoimn issji itiet's, n \\as ;u'( epted on the ; i st da\ oj Mart h.
i.Sjd. |olin Mini presented his a< ( onnt tor rent o; room tor the ti^e ot
tlie eount\' i lerk and auditor tor nine months, at l'i!t\ < enls a month.
>4-5o. whit h was allowed on the ;th da\ ol lune, iSj'i. ( Mi the same
la\ b'siah Hedges was paid Sj^.S;. expenses m< urred b\ him ;n the
loc atii >n ot t he i ount \ seal.
Milton Me \eal was re appointed, rtmnt\ tr<.':i>urer. and U'ilham
I 'a tier son i ollei tor ot' taxes tor the ensuing year.
A i '! a i n s t o \\- n s h i ] ) \\ , i s o r L; a n i / e d tin t h e m 1 1 d a \ o i I ) e i e ! 1 1 b e r . i s - s .
but :' i oiisisteil onh ot"the set ! i oils not included in the n -er\ e. I b.e
elet tors \\ere ordered to meet a; th.e house ot Samii'-: Uhivmatito
hold the , ;<( ;io;i. on tin .' ; ;h < ia\ o- I i.-. ,-m' i . i s.", |.,
t'i\\iiship ot aii\ reason a! ile si/e the i OMIMI:---:O ;:,;-. .r;.n '. 'i ''<> \<'..i'.'.:--
a tier ot s t -i lions trom and alo;i_ the \sest s'.d-- ' I :"!:;
( >n the iltth i!a\ ol' I 'et ember, i V'5, l\eed to\\ n-! j' \\ a-
i/ed with Us present boiiinlary. ami the elei toi's ottiei'e.i ;-i-I nu ' .1' l!n
hou-e ot" Se-h Ki ed on the first day o! latriai \ . i > .' ; . '
e 1 e i t ; o n . 1 ' e t . > . i > .: > > . the ( o n i m . - ^ ; o n e : - o ; ! e
cut .1 d i a M 1 1 i u d in the jail door the : : i ! . e -
CHAPTER XI.
JESSE SPENCER COUNTY ROAD FROM FORT BALL TO TIFFIN -WOLF SCALPS
ORGANIZING TOWNSHIPS IN CRAWFORD COUNTY BUILDING THE FIRST
BRIDGE FIRST KILN OF BRICKS DAVID BISHOP FINAL ORGANIZATION
OF ALL THE TOWNSHIPS H ISTORY OF THE BUILDING. THE BURNING
AND THE RE-BUILDING OF THE COURT HOUSE BUILDING THE STONE
JAIL-THE NEW JAIL.
IN A former chapter it was said that the Indian reservations were
not surveyed into sections until after the Senecas had left the
country ; but this statement should be qualified so as to except the
Armstrong, the McCulloch and YanMeter sections.
Robert Armstrong and the heirs of McCulloch had full power to dis-
pose ot' their respective reservations in any manner they saw tit. after,
the patent from the I'nited States had been issued to them. The trans
fer required only the approval ot the President ot the I'nited States
endorsed thereon.
The patent from the t'nited States to Robert Armstrong was issued
under the treaty aleady mentioned, and bears date of October 12. 1X2^.
On the 2<;th day of the same month Armstrong sold and deeded four
hundred and four acres of his reservation to Jess.j Spencer, for three
thousand dollars. The deed trom Armstrong to Spencer was approved
by President Monroe, and signed by him in his own hand writing. The
part of the Armstrong reserve sold to Spencer extended trom the San-
dusky river westwardly. Mr. Spencer laid out and platted the village
of < (akley, including the old stockade, i Fort ISall, i and extending down
the river to the railroad bridges, and west to somewhere near the I!. \-
( ). depot. It was not much ot a town, even on paper. No trace of it
< an anywhere be found, and Mr. Spem er never caused any record to
be made of thi^. hi-> lirst town in Seneca county. The only buildings
the to\\n of Oakley ever contained were the log cabin hotel of Mr.
Howe and the cabin ot Mr. I)a\id Smith, near \\here the stove works
now ap The i abin of Mr. Agreen Ingraham was up on the hill where
the ari~>toi ra< v afterwards ->cttlcd, around about M< Ncal's store, alter
M r. Spent er laid < >ut Fort Hall.
Mr. (iiitonl Howe say-- his lather'^ hotel ->tood near the bank of the
river, .nut ri^lit in Washington street. < losr !,\ the north <;;d .it" the iron
bruise. I'lu- id army mail passed . lose \,\ it. 1 | !( - hotel was pulled
down when >peii< er opened a street il.a: w.i\ :n h:s |-oit Hail
In less tlian two \ears !n>ni tin- time Mr. >pem cr bought tin- part ot
tlu- Armstrong MM lion. u> abo\ e stated, he laid .nit < ak!e\. then Fort
Hall, built the brush .lam an.l the saw mill. be. anie :n\.hcd m al><>ut
two do/en law suits. hal a halt do/en kno.k downs, -old his town.
brush <lam ami saw mill to Mr. Hedges, ainl .|tiit. I he deed t'rom
>pcn cr to 1 led^rs for 1-ort Hal! i s dated J une in. iSj;, In this deed
>]iemer re>er\ ed to him->ell Mme in lot-, and out \'.~. ot h;> town o|
l-ort I'.all.
Mr. Spem e: . aine here Iroin IVrrv < onntv. ( >hio. uhere he toniierl\
l:\ed. I' serins that the loralitx and the people here tailed to meet
the approbation "t Mr. Spem rr, and he uitlulreu his c ompatn and !n-
interest iVom the (oiinty soon alter his sale ' Mr. lled^e-
1 he \irwers appointed on the count) road petitioned lor leading
irom the publu stpiarr ot I-ort I'.all to the publn s.piare in 'I'ittin, and
those on another petition for a < oiint\ road lead.iiiL; iVom th.e publii
s jiiare in Tittiti to the publu square in I ; ort Mall ;\M> distim ; ^rts ,,\
\ iewefs. and two di^t im ! lines ot roads reported untas . >rabi\ .m both.
Mr Neal M<<ia!!ey thereupon, on the Sth da\ ot' lune. i.Sj;, -.i\ r
notice ot" liis ; ntention to aj.pral the case to the ( 'ourt o| ( 'omiiion
Pleas. There is no rei . >rd to >ho\\ the late i>t the roads in the i ourt.
'I he streets ot" I ort I'.all. as laid out b\ Spem ei . seem in ha\ i -upphed
thi. 1 ^rea! \\ant oi a < ount\ road runninu trom M. Seal's stori 1 to ;)-. e
i ourt house s. juarr in 1 ittin, and the appeal was ne\ er pro SIM uteti.
i >n the i.,th da\ ot Man 1: . iSj-. the . ommis^ioner> pas-ed a re-o
'ut ion authon/itiL; the auditor to d.ra\v an order on the treasurer !o;-
the -,11111 ot two ilollars extra, and in addition ;.. the --MU . ! tour dollars
paid bv the state, tor the s. alp oi e\cr\ \\oli k:;li<! n >i-nn a lour.tv.
'1 h.i s e beasts \\ t re \ e r \ 1 1 ' it i : e r u s here at t ! : . i ' t : m e . a i : d a \ e i \ ^ \ e . 1 1
a n n o \ a ! 1 1 e to the pioneers. 1 ! \\ . i s almost ; m : > - , . a : \ \
poult r\ li. >us or si see p. The\ would e\ en a: ' . k .in.'! k . !', \ . ': ; . i al\ rs
(Mi< \\o','il natuiall\ suppose thai the uojse, \\ , . :oni :!;e
appro. i . i, o| 'lie settlers, but \s:l d and -i.\ .1- -; . \ :. ' .: ill \ ate; .inii
h o w e v e i 1 1 a i d a s : n i a \ In i o - ( "t ash.,' at ,
made th' ::;-< '\' - so. i.ible about :h. i .ib.i;> a: _': : I i.< : :..-\\.::.^ a:
ni^ht. liidi OM, ,i> ;t sounds by ;t-i it. -e, m, ,; -o
in Ion- ,.';,: 1 1 1 o n , . e - p e . ; a 11 \ ; n a 1 1 a i k . . . . : n . .. ; : . : --\ ; . : i ;
\\ hen the . old l.i-ted in\ length ot 'line, it u.is dangerous to be out
I 72 HISTORY OK SKNKCA COl'NTY.
alter night without a torch, and domestic animals, unprotected, were
sure to be killed. Wolves are afraid of fire.
They seemed to be more numerous in Seneca than in any adjoining
county, and were found most plenty along the Sandusky river, and
along the several branches ot Wolt creek, which was very appropriately
named after them.
By the law of the state, four dollars were paid for wolf-scalps, and
every county was authori/ed to add such additional sum to the lour
dollars as the commissioners would order. The counties adjoining
Seneca refused to add any further sum to the state premium on sculps,
and the two dollar^ added in Seneca became a great inducement to kill
wolves in Seneca county. Money wus exceedingly scarce in those
davs. and hard to get. The idea <>! raising six dollars in money for
one wolf's scalp, excited the skill and avarice of many a pioneer.
Men would work on farms, at trades, at anything, a whole month for
that much money and board yes. and then very otten take their pay
in store goods, or other barter, at that.
The greater number of wolves that were killed were caught in traps
made expressly for wolves. Those that were shot were comparative!}
few. The ingenious trapper was the most successful man to get the
premiums on scalps. Some ot these trappers in Hancock, \\ood.
Sandu>ky. Huron and Crawford, living near the county line yes. and
some of those that lived a considerable distance away -when they found
a wolf in the trap, in making the morning rounds, would strike the wolf
over the head with a club and thus stun and disable, but not kill him.
Then they would hitch a horse or an ox to a sled, and haul wulf and
trap into Seneca count}', and there finish killing the wolt: so that the
trapper rould make an atlnlavit that the wolt was killed in Seneca.
This i ounty paid lor many a s< alp ot a wolt that was caught in some
other count}'. There was mone\ in it. The result was. that in the
course of a lew vears the wolvVs became very scarce. Along towards
the year i.S.jo. scarcely an\ scalps were presented tor premium.
After the organi/ation of Seneca, and betore Crawtord count} was
organi/ed. the commissioners of Seneca county, upon petition for that
purpose, organi/ed three townships in Crawford, as follows. \i/:
< >n the ;th day of December. 1X24. upon the pet
( haeMi.e, Crawiord township was ordered to orgam/e
eleMion on (he j^th day ot December, 1^-4, at the house ot said
Cha< itee, i! n ind i here to elect three I rustees and a treasurer, to take
< hr.rge and dispose of the school lands belonging to s.nd township.
I I KS I I'.Kll " .) I IK - 1 Kl I \ .1 HJ'li K I - ;
the original surveyed t< >\\ iishi ps V.. i ;n the i;:h t i:._ . \ . i :\ :h<
!'iih r.uue ami No. i 111 the i;:h ra:i_e. south
oil aii-l i n_;an:/ed ;u!<> one township, and ' > ' kr.own :,\ ti.r- name n|
>\ amoiv township, am! thai a simdar elei :.<>:. : .eM there. :i oi. (he
_' ; t h ila\ ot Mai'i h next cnsiun.;.
i >n thi' same iia\'. said uiiiiiii^>:i>iicr> also ordrn 'i 'l.at the inh.ih
itants ainl qualilied eleetor> in ihc original >ni\r\.(! : >\\ u>h.j> UH-.
-Miiith. raii,ui- tlnru-fii. \>? iiclilini [ nu-i-l at tlir hnu-^c "! |r^>r (i.ilf.
on the last >a!urda\ oi Mariii. i,Sj5. ami rir t Hd^:-f-. .-tr. "I'ln^
T . >\v n>lii]i is now in U \ amlot i mint \ .
< >n the 7th da\ ot Manli. iSj'i, ->aiil < < nii!nis>i. <n< r- a!-'. > oriicn-ii
'.hat thr original survr\ril to\vn>lii|i our, -oiitli. raiui- ioiiru-fii. \n- >rt
oi:' t'roin tin- towtislii j> ot ( 'rau ;'oi-.| ami or^ani/i-<i into , t h-jai to\\nsh.;j..
to 1 it kno\^ n 1 iv tlu 1 nanir ot | \ i n oi htcc. aii' 1 that t hi- ri.t! : nr<! !<! tors
tin ifin Mirct on tlu- first \loinia\ in \]>r;l :u-\!. .it th.r I',OI;M- "t Tox-j.h
( hacitcr. in ( rawlori 1 lown>lii|i. ain I llio>.- in 1 \ inoi 1,: i .- to u.cc: at
thr hoiisr ,,i Irsst- (laic, and thru and thrrr to . <-. c!.
Tlic firM clfort to liiuld a liriti^r in Sviu-i a >M:I:\ i>\ '
authorities, was niaiK- 1\ tin- < oininis-ionrrs on :l;i .: dav ' .Vi.: 1 :-'..
\^2~, xshcii tiic\ me! tor the pur] rose i>: : i'k.:ij '::'' i
pro],r:< :\ \ Imildin^ a bridge a< ross KM, ',. \ , < -i-k-. at ':,- . i- 1 ;.d o!
Mar'ki-t street, in Tittin. That \\as the end ! this -..!'. a "the!
step u as taken to ImiM this hnd-e until the r.th \\.-.:< ',. i - ;;. -.\ ':.:, ihi
i 10 a rd a | j pi"o j rnated S^o. and a p| mill ted M a i j : > \ . ( i rat; '. < ^".\ e: ::i'. end
the \s ork. Renlien \\ illianis did the \\ oi k . It \\ as mai !e o! \ i : \ i:ra-. \
oak tun her. and lasted until it !><< a me dangerous to . ros-. .;. uiien '!u -
t r ', i s t e i s 1 1 1 ( ' ! i n t o n t o w n s h i p e re i ted the p r e s < : ; ; stone i > r . '. _ e . n its p '. a < e .
<>n the s'd) da\ ot |une. iS_>;. \! r. \^reen In^rahani. lia\ \n^ ' een
<.-iei ted treasurer ot the < ouniv. was required }>\ ih.e iio.ud : ^'^e lniinl
;n the sum ot S ;,ooo.
At the 1 )e( enilier session ol the same \ ear, the c om miss; oners .ill, .wed
\\ in. Toll, wlii i w.is depiit) slient! and ].uh>r. S ;..;(> toi 1 PO.II < 1 : n^ \ '. >. >ners.
I hom a- < 'haii\\ i k Imrnt the ti: -l kiln oi Inn k ih;v:n j th.c -'in:' :er u!
this year, and lurnished hrii k to huiid a i h;mr.<-\ .:: ;':.i 'a... '! h:c !i
he was a 1 ! o \\ e d the s t ; n i 1 1 1 S j j . ;
loseph Tool u as pan! < i (. o.. tor la\ in^ i.!(e : \\
was p a : 1 1 S j ; 5 tor 1 1 u : 1 < 1 : i u ' ! e < ! ! ; ' 1 1 n e \
The \otes i .is! in ^ e ; . < a < > ' : ' . '. \ '. ;
returned to | i . ] . i w . i r e i . ; n : \ . v. 1 .
.li>lri. t. a'.d t'',, , .,-in-\ :!; ,' - . ' '
.hstri. t.
I 74 HIsTORV OK
At the same session. Uenjamin Bellinger was paid ><j.oo for nails
used in building the jail. Nails were then a rarity, and just coming
into use. There were no nails used in building cabins, as we shall see
hereafter. If a man were to be compelled to build a house now-a-days
without nails, he would scarcely know how it could be done. It wa>
no trick, at all. for a pioneer.
David Bishop, who had come to Tiffin about one year before this
time, was appointed keeper of weights and measures, by the board at
this session.
Bishop was a sort ot character by himself. He was a carpenter by
trade, and a rival of Reuben Williams in that line. He was a large.
powerful, muscular man. Francis Bernard was a stone and brick
mason. He and Bishop had a great many tights, and when Bernard
was sober, he would almost invariably whip Bishop: and Bernard'-
friends charged Bishop with cowardice, because lie would never whip
Bernard except when he ' Bernard) was drunk. Bishop was the auc-
tioneer for a long time, and a wonderful man to talk and boast. He
was friendly to everybody kind and hospitable and was afterwank
elected sheriff ot the count}'. He was a good officer, and faithful to dut\ .
< )n the ist da}- of June. 1829. Reed township was organi/ed to :t-
present limits.
Dr. \\ illiams. a sketch ot whose lite will be found elsewhere herein.
insists that the township was named for Seth Read, and by him. Read
was an earl}' settler there, and a singular, original sort <>f a character.
The dor tor says: "The name of the township ought to be spelled as it
was lirst intended R e-a-d".
In the earl\" records ot the court ot common plea-, and in the plead
ings ot tlie lawyers, the name ol Kden township was spelled K-a-t-o-n.
Pleasant township was organi/ed with it- present boundaries June 6.
i *.? i : London township was organi/ed with its present boundaries, but
no election was ordered until upon the application of ( 'harles \V. Foster,
who -ays in his petition, that there were twenty elector- in London, and
i^ks tor an order !o hold the lirst election, to ha\ e the -chool lands taken
'an- of. So ordered on the 4th of Man h. iS^.i. At the March term,
i-^.vv the auditor ot the count}' tor the lir-t time be< ante <\\--<>f}ii'i<> clerk
At
OKI, \M/ \ I loN ii| I O\\ N sHll's. |--
labert) tosvn.ship was or^ani/ed on the 5'!) da\ ot |une i,S;j. w .'ii.n
its present limits, upon the petition of lohn I .. Ho k. and an elo ti-.n
|a< kson township was or^ani/cd within its present limits on the 41!)
day ot December, i.\;.', and an ele< ti<m ordered.
Thus everv township in the counts was or_;an;/ed, the ciotion ot
township otticefs ordered, and the L^ >\ eminent "! the < Mint) ( ompleted.
In or^'ani/m^ ('Union township as originally sijr\e\ed. adding to it
tlie portion lyin^ \\e-t ot the river, whii h. lor the sake ot < on\en;em e.
and tor want of a bridge a< ros> the Sandu-k\ r;\ er. had !"f a t , me been
attai hed to Hoprue!!, the ])fo]>osition met with a strong opposition.
Ncarlv e\erybod) on the uest s;de o! the ri\er -:_m d a teim >:;-' ram c.
The sj.int of o], position to 1'ittin had -prc.ul trom 1 -ort llall i i>-ar to
and all a!on- the east line of Ilopeuc!!. and it st-eined to be a sort ot
lu\ur\ when an opportunit) ottered it-eit to h-h; Tittin and. the ea-t
side. Hut the board fixed the bonndar) as it now is, ami the ! 'eel MI:; oi
resentment ^radunlh abated.
I* or want oi a < onrt house, the several i onnt\ otm ers turm-hed their
own room- and jiresented their accounts [or the rent to the bond of
( oinm i ssioiuTs i or allowance. Mr. Raw -< MI . the count v ro order, w as
allowed ofiiee rent tor the ye. ir ending l>o ember (i, iS^j. ten dollars.
The other ottu ers < lerk. auditor, sheriff. et< .. ro eivei! about the same
ani< unit.
When the old frame building abo\ e desi ribed. in uh;< li the > onrts
Wt.Te held liif awhile, bei ame too -mall I'M :t \\.i- \ er\ !!< on\en;e!i!
'he i ount \ i oininissioni-|-s made arrangement - \\ it h : lie oti-.i : - o 1 :
M . I .. Inn i h to ha\ e the courts held in tin : > !:ufi :
paid ></ to s | _ a si-s-.;.,ii. as rent. I'h.e uvand i'ir\ an<
were turn ;-died room- in the In it eU.
1 his Method:-! . hnn h was the l.u-e,: pub:
stood on the lot now 01 < iipied b\ b'-rpii Hatter a- .1 ;
the .able m,! tothe -ire,-;, one s t o,-\ hi.-!i. b.::i: .,1 ::.,
court and the i in uit i our!-- were held there up to ';.
neu ( ourt hou-e \\.is IMI : -hed. and alter .!: ! lia
abandone,!.
I or si \ era! \ ear- tin- pies: .mi a- to }:< pr, . .; . ,
hotl-e U.I .!_.' it' d hv the 1.1 .i'.!i ,i:.d bv '! -e ':
I ;<> HISTORY 01 SKNKC'A OHNTY.
given tor the reception of proposals to build a court house, and that
the commissioners \vi!l meet tor that purpose on the i4th day of April
then next following.
April 14, 1X28 Hoard met, etc.. and say in their entrv, "not sold."
Nothing further was done towards building a court house until in
the session of the commissioners on the 5th day ot December, 1833,
when they appointed John Hungrier and Calvin Bradley a committee
to proceed to the county seats of I, online, Portage and Richland, and
take a correct description, together with the cost, etc., of each court
house in the said counties, and report the same to the board at their
meeting, on Friday, the 2 7th day of December, 1833.
This was the first step towards building a court house that looked
like business.
John Seit/, M. V. Craff and John ('rum were then the commissioners.
December 27, 1833 Board met and adjourned to January 3, 1834,
when they again met and received the reports of Buugher and Bradley.
The expense ot the trip. 593.80, was allowed. Adjourned to Friday.
January 17. 1834. At this meeting it was ordered that a court house
be built of brick, and that notice be published tor proposals, etc.. up to
February 13. 1834.
February 13. 1834 Board met and adjourned to next day.
February 14. 1834 The board contracted with John Baugher to
build the court house for 9.500.00.
March 4, 1834 David Campbell was paid 2.00. printer's account
tor publishing notice for proposals.
.March 5, 1834 Calvin Bradley was paid 15.00 for draft and speci-
fications. Brown >\: Magill's printers' account ot 3.25, was also paid.
Jacob Stem was appointed as agent to negotiate a loan of S6.ooo.oo to
pay tor the court house, and a bond was issued to him for that purpose.
March 15, 1834 Mr. Stem reported that the amount, $6,000.00, was
deposited in the Baltimore Savings Institution, Maryland. Thereupon
the board loaned this amount to Mr. Stem until the interest should
compensate him for his trouble.
[une 3, 1834 The board allowed Mr. Stem 8.55 for postage by him
expended m procuring the loan.
June 7, i834--The board advanced to |ohn Baugher 250.00011 his
Contract to build the court house.
On the hr>t day ot Augu-,t, 1834. the Commissioners caused the
lif <-(.|iiiiii-iti!icr> .[dim Scii/. .John ('rum and Nii-liulas ( in-tcliins.
sriit paid .I"lm BaiiL r h<T two thousand dollars, and took his receipt on
hishund l-eiiiir Hie :',|--! pa\ni'-n: tu'.sa;. uii. ! hu-- :n '!' '!:i: \ -
|eeej\ed .laeul. Stein - IH'I'- f.H t Ui Ml \ !, . !.' 1 1 1 -.!:'
i . i ' I \\ ! i i 1 1 \\ a s ^ i \ e 1 1 1 : i i n I . his p. \ . : i . _ ' ' l '.-... ' I . . - i . i . j . " . i : -
-li'llll I laugher n-eeipti-d !i> ill'- euliiMil- I'll' '
I lie s| ii it ami staked nil! ;!: -inn 1 1. 1 I'. : the .-..ml Ii..i|s,. and ad ::: n- d.
Mar, h S. |S-M i in- l.o.uvl "l" - try
"ii their 1 1 uirn.i!. \ i/:
I 'a id .luh 1 1 r>am.'lnT se\ en Immli ed and ei^htv -I \\ d"! iai -: .1!-". a emml \
order aim Him inu !" t u u hundred and eighteen d"llai -. tin- \\ h"!e a!m>unlin:, r
in niie t linn-ami i ! 'liar-.
August i'). iSjju. the Inrther i-ntry w.i- inaiie on :!. oinnr
i iurn.il. \ i/ :
Settled \\illl .li'llll liail^her alld aeeepted the eulirt hull-e. .Hid p. lid Ililll
! he halain-e "I ;lin-e t limi-aml. t \\ u hundred and -e\ ent s -nim- d"',!.u- and
.sevcntx --i\ i en! - iii urdei - mi l he cunnt \ t rea-nn-r. and an urder i-n .laeuh
Stein t'ui the li.danee uf said Stein's nute uf -e\ en Immhed and -i\t\ -ei'_'hl
dullar- making the -nm i>t ' .- I.ul7.7i. \\lm-h. \\iih the niune\ - heiet"lu!
paid, makes the -nm u| -M..VMI.IKI. the full |ia\nieiit.
They thi-n, al-u, paid I ri.ih I'. ( 'm mr.id, lor not:t\in^ l.unr- (ira\.
> i . ;o: and 1 ,in:r- ( i ra\ Si. >c lor in-pn '1114 tin- i onrt house.
( Mi tlie -anie da\ the hoard made an agreement \\: tli |ohn I'-.ri^lu-i
ID turni-h t!u- i ourl hou-euith lu-m he-, taMe-. eti . : \\i:h. I'led'-i'ak
kridler to turni-h i hair- and -ettee-. and \\;th 1 uther \. Hail to !urn;-h
he sto\e-.
i )n the -aine da\ I)a\id I'., i >\\en re-i-ned hi- ! i.eni:\
luditor. and tlie i oniini--;oner- appointed l.cvi I >a\ .- to Jill the
. a ' am \'. \\lio entered into lioml. am! look ihe o.ith ot o^ii .-.
I he his!nr\ oi the li':ild;nu "i the iir-t i our' ! \ 1' liin
i ' o 1 1 1 e i i 1 i i r i i o r t i i e 1 M n e ! i i o : 1 1 1 >> ,e u h o n i a \ 1 >e . . : . - : e. : : i . : - . i .
'o knou. the -!ep> thai \\ere taken ironi !;m. e : :.:n^, iT'-i^i :h> _ :;
j r " r - ' 'iiii ! ion. and the nann > ! th.
i ;X HISTORY OF SKNI-X'A COt'NTY.
seven' \ears the-iee next following, which time having expired, the board
appoints the said Al>el Kawson reconltT. as aforesaid, and until the next
lal October election. .JOHN SKIT/.
LOltKN/O AI5I50TT.
The <ount\ rcc ( >rdcr was first elected by the people in October. A.
! >.. 1X30.
A very curious cntr\ was made on the journal ot tlie commissioner:-
on tlie oth day ot" December. iX^X, in the following words and figures,
t o - w i t .
losiali Hedges presented a petition from sundry inhabitants of Adams,
and 1'leasant townships, praying for a ne\v township to he made out of the
aliove named townships, to lie called 'Sulphur Springs." After taking said
petition into consideration, they protest the same, and petitioners go hence
from wlience they came.
The first step taken for the purchase of a farm, and the erection o;
a county infirmary for Seneca county, was the entry on the journal o:
the county commissioners, on the ;th >iay of June. 1X41. upon the
petition presented by Jacob \V. Miller and others, on the ^d day ot
March. 1X41. The petition was read at this session, and postponed for
further considerate >n.
U'hile writing on the subject of this court house, it may be well to
state here, in connection with the subject, the circumstances ot the
burning ot the court house, and the rebuilding ot the same.
The reader must not look for any chronological arrangement in this,
work, as there is no eilort made touards order in tune in the relation
ot subjects. This is not intended as a reference book. Its object is to
preserve descriptions of earl\ limes and scenes; the memories of men
and women who first built homes in this forest, then called Seneca
i oun'y: recollei - of their manner of living: their trials and hard
ship-: their pleasures and their griefs; their virtues and their vices: to
ple.isc. and. it possible, to instruct. The data were so carclullx
i ollei led ' ' . i\ be n lied upon with < ontidence.
Ti;-- i ourt of common picas was appointed to
m llu' morning of Tuesday, the j.jth dav ot
\I i \ . i ; ; . I"! Saturday pre\'ioii. tin j jd. cleaned
o-r : : ' ! i im off the seats, let t the windows open to
I ' ;'i nun i in I hat < < mdii ion whi-u the
: tie 1 alarm of lire. The wind' AV in the little
. ho\\\''i". was shut. I he men
wi;o irir ' . ' (ioiir to this room were repulsed by the fire and
i "HRI HI >l M . I7
-ni'i'kr. and iiiuM -a\ r ii'i'.hin^; 'it :!> i orilrM!-.. 11: / <> !
| il' M ,i\ -'(). I S ; i . >.i\ ill ;' -
i Mir \ jlluiri-. \s hii'h ha^ hillu'i I" lrt n r\i in;.; i : mil al.uin: % I- .
Ia-1 liri-ii l'"l 'I 'fi| i 't' il - Illi >-t -('It'li'li'l t>riiall|t'lil 1 >\ 1 hi-> t|i--l I lii'l I V .lili-tli .
( Mif lair lirant i in! mm ! In MI -> i> ii"\'. .1 iir.ij' ' ! i inn-. I : .\ a- '!.-
1" ' nil lilt- lift \\ t -I'll 1 \\ ti aii' I i hi vr n'l'lt n'U . iii'ia . n i" Mr.!.;.' la-! . ! v. h;i i
liint- tin- ilaini - h.i'l MI, I'll- -ii'-|i |'i'>_:ir-- ilia! it u.i- :in i" i--ii-!'- ' .i!i->l ih-'i
l'\ ,ui\ nif.ni- lln- i ili/t-ii- h.i'i ;ii i'i'!iiiii.iii'l. Tlif !'- = ;;! \s.i-> tin- 'i-:.i
'If-l nn -i i "ii iij' t In- IHI i!i| in-. Tnial . \\ -,i\ . im \ .ill h"i:_ r h .1 !.u _:' ]! l i"ii
! lif \\ all- an- \ ri ^tainliiiLT. :l u iil iinl . u c 1 Innk. In- i"iiini fxp'-'hi-n! !t ali^
lllt'lll I" frill lill a- pal! "1 llir Ili'U nlllirr. '1'lir r. Hill ||"l!-.- i "lilallir.l l!,,
"lli'-r^ "1 tllr frrtif'li-f. llr.l-IIIfl. all-lilnf. -lirjlll. I'lrflv "I r"ll!t. all'l '_'f.llli
! ur\ I'm 'in. u 1 1 irli \\ a- "i 'iij 'if I l'\ M'---i -. ( '. .\\ ,|.-i \ .DJ. | \\ i '-. ,i ; .
Tin- ivi i inK-r'-. olln r \\.i- thru in ilu- -' nit;r.\ -; - urnrr. .iii'i '!u
rvion'.s \\rrr ra-;ly ^nuinl. hrin^ tlir larilir-; ,us.i\ ir'iin ihr lur
I'hr unMti-r p.iM nl'. anil all ilu- iuijn >f ;.in; rn '>;'!- in. :!n- irrk.'-^ 'tth r
\Srir s.Uril. \ i.T\ lilllr i:i|nr\ u.l- dulir !'' lllr l,MH'k- Hi ihr .i''.t h'.i t! '
nttn r. llir -hrrilf. a!-n, s;i\nl nm-', "! hi-, ini] < >r!.in: ]'.i]" i"-. I'':' .il
ihr ji.i|ii'f> in the 1 rra-iif r f\ ntlK r une i le>t ri >\ r> i. \ -:rii:i_ i -iM't;.
o! \viinl c.irfii-il ihr lianu'- in t'n.i! dim t, mi. and t!r"\'i- tin- [cupit
a\\'.i\. Kii hafd \\ ;il;.iin> had h;> tau iitlii r :n tl:r : ; ra-;;! (;' r-">:i:
and It >-t lii- rnt irr l;'hrar\ .
( t)\vdrf\ , i::d V\ il-un _;iit nut <>\ thr;r i'ttn r r\ r ;\ '. 1: ,;.^ >: \a'r;r. .1-
lies tlnMi.,'hi: ';<;;! uliriilhe 1 >ai k -! a! r < a-r a::' '. u ' \i-:\ j.af..:;"n \\.i'
alt. LI hrd thrrrt'i. limk lirr and thrrw a lirilii.inl !;_;':' ; :> ::.' :r ;"
u h i ' h \\ a - a 1 - ' ) ' ) n 1 1 ie - i' " ' i n d ! ! < > > : . M : . < > A . : : \ i : ; i < : " ; i . . \\ r . ' :
\\ h i!r 1 u a-, hr '] I'.n^ ti > -a\ r ihr i ' i >: ' : - :ii ' : : < . r. - '";:. ,-. : -
\V:li: mi. 'hetv i- a . a-r ,,; .,;,., ,,: ; ./r- , >v i :: :
iSo HISTORY 01 SKNKCA C'Ol'NTV.
and Wilson, being close to the stair ease, had the logs burnt nearly
through at this time, and the sand had commenced pouring down. ( )nc
jump brought me into the south \\indo\v of the office, when three logs,
with about twenty leads of sand on top. tell down into the oltice.
Another jump out, landed me on mv hands and feet on the ground, with
the cheer-- of the crowd on that side; but before 1 could get up. the
whole cornice on the south side fell and nearly covered me: but, as
good fortune would have it. a piece of the cornice that tell close by.
end-ways, operated as a pro]) to the balance, and I was pulled Irom
under the rubbish without injury.
After the first alarm of lire, a few bucketfuls of water would have
been sufficient to put it out. It was then just breaking through the
cornice and root, at the northeast corner of the house. There was no
way to reach the lire. There was no lire-engine, no hooks, no ladders,
no fire company. The people were as helpless as children, and doomed
to stand bv and see their new and beautiful court house burn down.
They did all they could do. They saved the records, some of the
turniture. and the neighboring buildings.
There was a great difference of opinion as to the cause ot the lire.
Some laid it to incendiarism: others laid it to Mr. John KIder, who was
deputv clerk, for leaving his candle burning in his room in the upper
story, immediately below where the fire first broke through. John was
seen, late 1 in the evening, coming down stairs, dressed up. and some
time alter the roof was all ablaxe, came back, being dressed lor Sunday,
lie had a bed. his clothing, books, and some furniture in the room, and
slept there. 15 e this as it may, Sunday morning. May 2^. tound the
court house in a>he.i within its walls. The gable ends had tallen in.
and all the c himncy-, but one.
( )i: the Monday following. Mr. I)avid Ilishop, a most daring, reckless
man. in Mime way got up on to the- north wall and walked eastward
towards the onl\ < h'mney yet standing, and iii:-t as he stretched out
nd to touch it. it tell outside to the ground. How Mr. ISishop
ug alter it . is Minpl v a in i racle.
oncr.s. at their (line session therealter, paid Mr. |o.seph
r . a- ' ' the Mi thodist Protestant c hurch. Sj;; lor the use
holding the May term of the court lor that vear.
I ' i n e . i <S .} i , t h e c o u 11 1 \ commissioners ordered
KI urtMUNi .IKI
I Si
( hi t!u- _\;>1 il.i\ Hi Inly, i s.j i .
I'. a'ljher tn liMil'i .1 iu "A hi i'i>e. u^:;i_; !:. \\.ii'.-
\\ ri r ( i in>:i !; i n i aii -'Mil' I'li;. i;;ii h.i\ r 1 . i :
:.''.. the carjiriit IT a!;>l | inner u < >rk a::> :;. i :.'.:._. ;
I .nr.rh i i >n;r.ii tn| \, >r t'nr iirn k u : k. :;: ;.-:..;!_; a!'.
lor SN. . .\r,i-tin Phill:j>- < <uitrai ti-.l I'M* ;!:t
iM.iti-ri.il, h n- S 15 3.
A ! tin.' I .nn i.i r\ >r--M( MI, i ^ i ;. i ! I !: i ! > in i i ii i
nru i 'i". ri !li ill >r \\.l- .11 i i-ptcii .IIi'l in i :i|iiol.
In i.-i'.'i. an ailiiitit'ii VSM-- in.uir \\ '!:r r i^t rii-l
w;tli .i \a'i!: ,in<i -~.i!r tur th<- tn-.i-iiii-r. ami \aiili- in.
ri-i ui'iU ;;iil |i.i|u-r> in tlu- ntlicr uttii r->. '1 In- ,uiil: r :
uttiirii! tin- m i iriu-r ami I rra--u:T|-, \\ itli Liruul am
< hi the i;th day "I I MIH-. i S t ;. the i i nun \ < i iiiiini^^
u'itli l.|ihra;ni l\:ki-r inlmilil tlu- jail ami -hiT;it"> r
',-< m -t n-L't. t >r > ,'-,- \^~
III I N~ 7. the Hi N^ |.lil I'll \larkel ^tl'eet \'..l- liir.lt.
CHAPTER XII.
THE WOOD-CHOPPER HOW TO BUILD A CABIN- THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
THE SETTLERS THEIR BENEVOLENCE AND HOSPITALITY PIONEER
GIRLS RUSTIC FURN ITU RE TH E HOMINY BLOCK THE HANDMILL
GOING TO MEETING- INDIAN VISITORS NATURAL FANNING MILL "THE
LIFE IN THE WOODS FOR ME' HOME-MADE CLOTH- YOUNG AMERICA.
"Si iinc love to roam
( )'cr (lie wliitr sea foam.
When- tlic wild \\inds whistle free:
1 Jut a chosen band
Ina forest lam!
Ami a life in the woods for me."
Till. K.N KM I KS of the country, red and white, had been subdued
and driven away by victories and treaties, and the frontier made
-ate and protected against their atrocities. Now the forest was to be
con'iuered: diseases incident to frontier lite to be met and endured;
swamp- to be drained: roads to lie opened and bridges to be built;
lands to in- cleared and fenced: lite to be sustained tor several years
without any income without having anything to. sell: and. first of all.
,1 i abin to be built a home to be se< urei 1.
inve-ted in l.ind. as .; general thinu. Amon^ tho--e who afterwards were
i oitsidi '! .i the most \vealtli\ were men \\lio < learcd lands |or others at
litt\ i <'> - per da v, boarding theiiiseK es. or tor eijju to ten dollars per
ai i'e. !ci ' ii nd -pen sable necessaries, ot lite, or to pa\
\.\\' -. \! ii : \s i re i ompelled to w>rk on the < anals, to -et a
li !'. . - ' r ta mi lies alone in the wi Kids lor months at a
!:!!'. Si i liai it er ( in "I anal S\ -' em ."
'! !;> I hompsi ,] i to\\iishi p. undulating and "lair to
li ' 'k . - i li' i\\ ers iri mi earl\ s| irini; \< i
late ' ' ' ai ii d the attention oi men trom I'eniis\ K ania. and
of some irom Ni 'A N ork, who \\ere seeking For places to build homes
in the we-t
1MMI.RKNVI. r.MUIlN -IIII.1K-.
'I'he -ettler- u!< >n:,' Silver i reek, lloney creek. KM.
r:\er \\ere Ironi Mar\lam!. l'>ain-\ 1\ ania. Ne\\ \,,;
lu<k\. ami ironi southern <>hio. I!:- (ieMnm.
: in m .u rant-, a \a-t niaionu i't \\h,oni !<>. ite.i \\ . - .
'tie lite nr thi' wooil- here alioiit the \ ar .'-'/. a::i
< oinin^ until a!<oii! i ^s I he larger part '>: I hi
i S V-' ami iS.j- . Tiie -et'ler- ea-t o: th-
\nieriian-. ami lanuliar \\;th tin- en-tom-. hah: 1 -.
i\\- ami lan_;'ia_:e <>; ihe people ( oiiM i":\ ami -
preter. ami trai >ai r all k.mi- : '/':-;m ,- :: '; .: v
Not -o vxi:h ! rom a :'. 1 .
: .m! -trance ;> ; in : :!;e ia:.^ 1 : !_e o! the ;,,,,;.',-. }.
! 1 \ i n L: . e \ i n the tool-, t ! 1 1 v w o r k e i i u ; : 1 1 . i ', i . a ! 1 \\ i - n
There iie\ er \\ a- a pei >] >le ;ii ; h. e \\ < ir!< ! ' ';. at i ' i'ii' i ':
in the n-e oi the a\e. am! .1- a \\oo.l < hopper ; : .,- \:
man ne\ er h.u 1 hi- e> jiial.
iVrhap- .1 tiai look auku ir<l to -ee a man rai-e hl-
t o e 1 : o p 1 1 1 1 \\ n a tree. IKK k : 1 1 ^ into ; t all a r o u Pa 1 in - 1
.t iloun. l'>nt thi- \\-a- no lau-hin^ matte;-; the thin.;
l'\ experiem e. 'I he torei-ner liaii no \\oo.i to . hop
iiirlh. A i rookei! a\<' hamile. im! -m !. in t\e. \\--i
i o!Ui!i\ at that t:nie. \:i AMU neap < o'liiltYsi '
; ; i the u i M u 1 - . \\ o 1 1 1 1 ! 1 1 1 1 e 1 1 - 1 o j i a n i ! - h o \\ h : ; ; i ! \ > '.\
/ //>r- the a\e pel p' -in lit uhl rly. etc . 'Ihe < .n her -.\
.!:!'." the !''!'< . _ner -,1W the lltMM\ ill the - '.\ : : , j . a ! . ' i -o
- 1 h o ! a r . Ihe manner ; n \\ h : . ! i the ' i '. '. t : m ' : -
a 1 1 : c i i i ' u n 1 1 1 h ! ! h e - 1 1 1 1 - h : i;Ve : : : p o ; ; i . _ ; i ' M ; <
\ ; r v i n . i n^ '. < - ' '. i : o n : a '. - t i , r ; ;,,.,,; 1 . , , ,\ ; ; . . . ; A ' '
\\ Here In v\ i ':.' 1 ,'';..<: !: ; - liMitue ' *'. <\
hiin-eil .Cji-Vj ! 1"\ ri 'lie-, i . .nit. . :
The -et'ler !r"iu a torei^n laiiii wa- <
-ooii- to the -maiie-t po--iMe cpianli!
184 HISTORY OF SKNECA COUNTY.
he had to travel from his native hills and valleys to find a place to
locate, in the the woods of Seneca county.
And hither he came without a domestic animal, without any knowl
edge of the country or the people here, without any preparation to
meet the task that his new life demanded of him. otten without tools
and general!) without the knowledge how to use them. Those ot you.
American neighbors, who were at home here, and had means to help
yourselves with, may perhaps imagine, but you never could reali/e, the
heart-aches and hardships this difference created, and what the man who
had paid his last dollar lor the piece ot land upon which he now came,
with his wife and several small children, to build a cabin destitute ot
almost everything except his iron will and industry had to undergo.
When he met his American neighbor he could not tell him what he
wanted. I'nder such circumstances, it was indeed very hard to fight
the battle of life in the forest.
P>ut in these trying times there was one great virtue almost universal
among all classes ot people, without distinction as to nativity, race or
religious affiliations a virtue that towered abo\ e their mighty oaks,
brighter than a beacon light, as warming in its effects as the rays of a
summer sun. cheering as a mother's smile, and soothing, like a calm
from the gardens above. It was that generous, broad, innate, heaven-
born hospitality that characteri/cd the settler in the woods. As misery
loves company, the man who had himself reali/ed the same scene, was
ipiick to furnish the necessary relief. It was not considered a hardship
at all. when several of the neighbors came with their axes, a yoke of
o\en and a log chain, cross cut saw. troe, maul, etc., and otten in one
day put up a log cabin arid covered it with clap boards before night.
Another day or two. and the owner had put up a lire place at one end
and a door in the side- It the new comer could rc-pav bv working
back, all right : it not. it was all the same. And so with everything
else. A lavor was not asked in vain : tor it was granted, it possible, as
a matter ot course. The latch-string was always out. night and day.
'I here were neither castes nor classes in society then. Some, it i->
very true, urn,- in mu< h better circumstances than others, even then:
but their \\ork. their deprivations, their hardships, their sufferings and
mutual dependent e upon each other in the hours of distress and need,
together \uth their social gatherings, brought all down to a common
level, or elevated all to a higher plane of neighborly love as you
plea->L to h.ive it -thus lormin^ a society that the outside world, awav
trom the troiitier, never knew. There was no night so dark or stormy.
no s\salc so deep, no distance so great, but that a call in case of sick-
MN PM --, o| -I Milk-.
ne----, di-trc-- or death, would he pr,'inp?!\ r<--pond'-d to. 'I',,
lmn:;r\, to tnrni-h relief in < a-c- of d;-tte-- and need. an<!
ea< h other ua- the mi--ion ot the -IK ;et\. It wa- onlv ne -
have one'- want- made known: help cainc <>', . If. A:.'
vcar-. il, b\ rea-on o! -n kne--. a< e:.ien: " m an\
neighbor rotild mo take ( are <>\ h;- havve-t r mai. hay, :i
\ ol'in leered tlieir -en :< e- and d.d the work, w . }. .'it a-k;n_ o;
\ lew in:; pioneer lite I I'oin tin- -' a n< : j ,o . nt . : - :t \<> le w oud'-re
neighbor- uonid thu- -tiare and. -\mpath;/e \\;;h e.n ii other
unit u a 1 heip came -puntaneon-l\ . without reward o; e\pe< ' r .
ot. \\oinan then, more tha:i e\ er. pro\ ed to lie that -\\ei-;
< han'v at the bed -ide of the' -ii k and d\in_'. nrini-t'-r:n_: : ':
in;,', and -moot hin:; the p;llow o! the deji.ir! :n_;.
In a ca-e oi di-tre-- it wa-, no urn oinnion oi i urrem e [or a
hi- wile to -et out ot a warm bed. in the dark hour- oi a i old.
niuht, li-h? a ton h made ot' the bark oi -hell h: korv. ain'| le.u
children alone in the cabin, wind their \\a\ through the ;or,--r.
-now and water ior mile-, to tender their kind office-, 'o a
neighbor.
How well the beantitnl word- oi the poet appl\ to thi- in-':
"Nil prei-jiMI- U'flll that ele-Inl fiirtlllif \\eai-.
N'i >r pi in !-- j ii Mr I that haii'_r- 1 1< <\\\ lu-ant s '- ear-.
Shine \\itli -iii'h In-lrr a- llie tear ilia! l'ii-al\-
l-'i >\' < '1 In-!'-' \\ i ir- MI >\\ II \ ill lie'- man ! \ elu-rk-."
I o _; n three, t ( i ! i r or 1 1 \ e mile- and help a 1 1 1 in r . : : - 1 a
the order of thin_;-. The work had to be done, and tin n
do it almie. That wa- enough: and there \\a- :;o d 'd_-
to -ei au a\ I rom it, or make an apolo- \ . 'I o ;,,'.". w i-
a- (lie law- of the Mede- and I'er-ian-. Il .1 man ua- !.
at a "ra:-in_ r ." ami did im! p'jt in an ajipearam e, ;; w i-
t a, hire to perlorm a luiniiiu obligation, ai.'i a re pet ;.:>:;
had a temiencv to inpire the man'- i har.u '.'" in the i
l)oi'-. 1 o avoid I hi-, a man would, oiten ne_ \\-\ .
rather th in be Miked aboii! and biaiued tor do,
would e\i u-e him bu! -a kne-- or a< i .dent.
II boulder- or oilier -tone- i on'.d i nd :
together and pu; on p,p o| e.ii !i o;!;,-:-. [ ; i :..; tn ''.
lire p 1 a i e . A , . i \ ; a r. k u o ; , d ( a n - w i .1
ba< k o| a f;! e piai e ti.i:- mad'' -i , .: c. t ;. i.i x 1 :
l86 HISTORY OK SKNECA COUNTY.
and up. a chimney. This was done with sticks split out of an oak log,
laid over each oilier in a square form on the top of the back and sides
of the fire place until a heighth of one or two feet above the comb of
the root was reached, and then it was well plastered on both sides with
soft (lay. It Hag- stones could be found lor a hearth, very good : it
not. a day hearth answered nearly as well, and the latter was the most
fashionable hearth in all that part of the country where stones were
scarce.
In building a cabin, an accomplished "corner man" could carry up
a corner in less than one-half the time it would take an ordinary chop-
per. To make the notches fit the saddles neatly, required both skill
and practice: and by looking at the corners of a cabin it was very easy
to tell whether the corner man understood his business or not. The
porch, or "stoop." as the Yankees used to call it. was made at the side
of the cabin where the road was expected to be made thereafter.
( >n the tii'st or second logs abo\ e the door the end logs on that side
were allowed to run as tar out and over the side, as the porch was to
be wide. I pon the ends ot these projecting logs a straight log was laid
length-wise, and formed the plate of the roof. As the gable end logs
were now cut shorter to lorm the root", poles were laid on these length
wise also, and in line with the plate. These were called "ribs." and
answered the purpose ot ratters. The clap-boards were laid on these.
A < lap-board was Irom six to eight inches wide, split out ot a white oak
block about tour leet long, trom one-half to one inch in thickness.
and. wa^ laid on these ribs without being shaved. These (lap boards
were now laid down, projecting over the plate about six inches. At
each end ot the plate a wooden pin held up a long straight pole, which
w.is laid ou the top ot the clap-boards to hold them down. Then
another laver ot dap boards was put down, and another long, straight
pole placed on these, and so on. To prev ent t bese poles from slipping
down, siii Rs. i .died ''knees." were put trom 'lie lower pole to the next
one. end wise. '1 liese long pules were very appropriate!} called "weigh!
poles." tor thev held the dap boards down and kept them straight.
I hus the root was made.
ogs were < ul off in the side of the ( abin where the doors
, down to the lower log. The doors in the sides were gen
posite cadi other, lor several reasons. \ i/ : for ventilation.
.' ' thi bai k way. and very often to let the horse or the
ox, thai ! . : hauled in a back log. walk out at the other door.
without being put to the necessity of turning around.
for wan: ot a sawed plank, a straight piece of puncheon was used to
})i ill! up the etnU of the lo.ys thus sawn! ot'ftor tin- iluor, an
a^am>t the^e (.-mis ver\ linuly, tornim.; .it t!u -ame t:nu '}
\ ^!,( (; or an ohl '|ii:lt w.i^ in.ii'.c to an^ucr !! a ilo : ;.'.!
< oi:!d In- |in> ( ureil tor that purpose. The-i; wi-j
niilU \\cjv -^i an i', anil oi t (Mi ' i!' a ua\ : but u!
ucre pro. ureii. tin \ urn- pmncii I" tuo . ;,,,. j , ,
xtnii-h: l.l.n k. :he lar-rr ,-n.l ..I l:ii h pn.,,-, t, ,i ,-,-; ,
h,i\ in 4 an iiu li hole thro;;- ii i 1 . Tin-. < ro-,^ ],;c ( \\ : - . :
tin- proH-i tin^ mil i)i 'hr F-i.ittiMi llticil o\, r .1 \\ < , .,': n j. .;. i
i!oor janil). -!.ii)'i : n_; upright, .unl >!:ppi,nl the hook. \
i>\ ulr.i !: ;hi- i. !' ', u.i-- I'ai^nl !".:,t..::_ thi'o'i^i. .1 -:n.
1 1 a n L; : 1 1 u i ! i n\ n o : 1 1 - a 1 1 . .n\<\ \\\c > \ o i < r \\.ij- i ! o n i . I i i i : i \\ . i >
In- h . i i ! 1 1 1 r ' ! H - \s i ; ', i i o u . . 1 1 ; i i ! o r ! h t u a n t o < ; t a p : r i < o : p
VIM" 'hi.- hoi.- 1(M li^ht iMii-M^h tlii'oiiuli to -~cc !i\. r-j<-< :al
I >.ip<.-r u a- L'rca-ril.
It I'd |'i;ia-ii i on-,ii!(M\il)lr nu-i hanical >k;il to make a ^oo (
lioor. I he 1 1' 1:1 1 In -oil - \VIM'C --pi;; out oi -;i-a;^l: r oak lo_>
A.I h a l)i o 1 1 ! a \r oil > uu- >: !<. lliiMi -po; <.,-, \ on thr '. :I = M' to
tlic >!<-t-prr- liclou. \H thi- rci|iiircil a kno\\ Ii-4^
iu'oai! a\i-. anil --onir help. |-oi- \\,anl o| r;lhrr < >' ihr^.-. .
AMS ni.nK- ii\ ;'i',!in_ -ip the bottom. a> h;_:l; a> tin- :o\\ ( -r iV-i,-
anil to make a _;oo<| o;n- the < !a\ \\a^ mi\i i'; with u i;e.v a;.>
hor>e h-i! thro'i^'n , ; tor hoMr- at a time, to tram^ :''.e < '. a\ .
a:nl \\heii t!, 1 ;- prepareii ;t \\ a poiinileil \\ -'.]. a p.'
e'leii i;p to -.;/. 'I he . hl\ !loi T \\ !- th'> e\ , :
\o\\ ' ; . i \\ , . omp;.-te,i. an.!
LIIOI! .1!!.; a- e !; '. ,;',',', . . .;,-; ,,-;,.! '
I 'here u i -- i;'-i : t a n i : I .1, i he vvhoj,
piniieil a_;a;ii -t otic oi th- ;o.,;-, hrM the
tor u - e at a m o 1 1 1 ( M 1 1 ' > u a i 1 1 ; n _; . a 1 1 ! a . \\
! he ( abin \va> ne\ ei \ er\ h.:_
IcS8 HISTORY 01 SKNKCA COUNTY.
The furniture of the cabin was of the same rustic character. There
were no larue warehouses of ready made cabinet-ware in those days.
Pieces of puncheon furnished with lei;s made i^ood stools, and supplied
the want of chairs. A similar piece, only larger and with longer lei^s.
made a very i;'ood. substantial table. Bedsteads were olten made with
but one post. "How can that be done?" you ask. A two inch au^ur
hole was bored into a lo^ as hi^'h as the bedstead was to be trom the
floor, and as lar from the corner as the width of the bed: then a simi-
lar hole was bored in another lo^ as tar Irom the same corner as the
length of the bed. Poles were then driven into these holes, and at the
point where these crossed each other they were cut oil. and the ends
driven into two holes, which were bored in a post at the same hei^hth
from the tloor as the holes in the lo^s. The bottom ot the bed was made
of basswood bark twisted and run over the poles and IOLJS. the straps
(Tossing each other at ri^ht angles. This was not a patent spring bot
torn, but answered the same purpose. Small pins driven into the joints
held up the bed curtain which had been brought from home. Thus
the cabin, with its laru'e fire-place and crackling fire, be.^an to assume
an air of rural comfort and co/iness that could only be reali/ed in the
cabin ai, r e.
The table furniture was generally of tin or pewter. (Jueens-ware or
china-ware were not only expensive, but heavy and unsate to take
aloni; on the journey. The cooking utensils were equally as simple
and practicable. A 'tea kettle. Dutch oven, coffee pot and skillet:
sometimes, a retlector to bake in. < onstituted the most essi-ntial articles.
The handle of the skilKt had to be very IOHL; to enable the cook to use
it willuiut ^etlinu too close to the tire. Very olten, the end ot the
handle was held up by a string suspended Irmn a lo^ in the ceiling,
sshi< h was very convenient. Pins driven into the h>^s. with boards
laid mi top. torined convenient shelves, and everything was made as
hands and convenient as could be.
The trees near the cabin svere nosv brought dosvn and burnt up. to
start a i learini; and open a patch for corn and vegetables. The patch
svas em losed with a rail or brush fence, and those who knesv the use o|
: . ' ,'ed :n clo\'er when thes ssere fit tor use. A very excel
ake svas made from corn that was a little too hard tor roasting
about thi- manner: A piece of tin, perforated Irom one side,
a prater. The corn in the ear was rubbed os er that, and a solt
-<' ' h. mixed svith an eu'.i; and a little salt, made a very
L; : ik . I 1 wa> baked in a skillet, generally, but often on the back
of a sho\< . , In rl lean, and set up before the lire at an an^le of
IM'II 1'lNi. !M -1 \N li \]:: I - Mill
I S
.\!!c!'\\ .inl-. ulicn ]> n|.|r i m:M .ttl"i'ii thi- \;^ :
't \"^^ hrwni "ii t\vti side-- n!!rn niic .nui '-:.'
'torio lii.^li. \\hni wh;tc\v.i>hfil mi the i':"-.'i
K\inl\ ami i i >in'.'< >r! .il i!r.
It u.i- II" uni "tii!iii>!i in i !;nvni r wi'li ;< .ij.'.
;ra;l> '>: hiii: in--, in h,i\c .1 numi'iT M; ;;; -< !!:
.iliiii .ir.'! i.i\ .iron ml the ;:rr all n !_!;'. I !:t-\ vs
.ui\ b.uur ': thr ni^lit. wiihnut niakiiu any :;',-.
whr;i tlii- ;tiiiiatf-> ill tin- IH>M-,^ auokr. tin'\ t>i ::i'
.t-ii-i-ji .HI ;lii.- i!i>i>r. \vitli tlu-ir li-ct in\\anN tin- f
was si aj-, ,-]\ ( -\ rr IDI knl. ainl thr Indians nr\ rr I
kinii k:n_: at a dm r tu l>r .illnwrd adiiiittaiii r.
!ra\r tlinr i ali:n ut r\cn;nus m tlir i acr ''! th
with a >:< k iiriuhiim' s,,uir miles auay. \v!irn Indi
a night's linl-inj. s',a\ all ni^ht. and -<> a\\a\
distu rliin^ an \ : h i ni;.
Mmiritu mills wrrr si arrr, and nt'trn far "II.
Micsr use Mil s!r;;i tiiri-s >|,ri;n_; into r\;- ! nu r a!
I 1 mil \ < n .-K . !>::'. r\ t-n ! lu n. \\ In -n a ma ;i h id ::
:.. .-vprrirn. ,- tin- trmi!,',,- ..| mlm in- :.'- . ..r:i i:i?
Thr rm-n did P.i.t rt as h ird ihrti a ..'A
I()O II
cakes. \\hile ilu- coarser part was the homim. Funning the hominy a
l;;tle while in a tin nan. drove all (lie shells out of it.
\ very good hominy was also made withotit pounding it. by soaking
the < om a da\ or two in strong lye made ol wooci ashes. 'I'his loosened
the shell, and softened the hard part of the grain. Th'. 1 lye being
poured oil and the corn soaked again in tre-di water tor awhile, would
-\\eil \ery large, and lose the taste of the lye. and when boiled soli
made \ erv goi }<\ In nniny.
>omc ol the settlers who had ingenuity enough, and could Imd (lag
>tones that answered the jMirpose. constructed instruments the\ i ailed
"hand mills." I.et me describe one ot lhe>e, tor they answered no!
mily the purpose ol the family that owned one. but also that ot the
neighbor-, round about, who brought their corn already shelled to grind
it. \\hen two or three of the neighbors met at the hand mill the same
evening, one had to wait until the other was done, and it often took
steady work until away beyond midnight, to grind corn enough tor
bread to last during the next day:
It was a very simple affair. Two stones, about twentv inches in
d.iameter. dressed round, formed the real mill. The mill was erected,
near the chimney corner. The lower stone was made stationary on a
block: the upper stone, (ailed the runner, was turned by hand in this
wise: A pole was iinnlv fixed into a square hole on the top, near the
edge. The upper end ot the pole entered a hole in a board, or a log.
over head, loosely. \ broad hoop, made of a clap-board shaved thin.
>\ as uxed around the stones to keep them to their places and keep in
the i orn. < >:u- person \\ould then turn the stone, \\hile the other ted
'he mill through a hole in the d "the e\e." h was hard and
-!o\\ ,-. men took "turn about." \\hiie this work would
lake two men t\\o hours to _r:nd meal enough lor the tamilv tor the
next da v. \ ' ' , ii nt on the hominy block, after all.
I he old sa\ ' " mother ot invention." never
wa- ipp;;i , , '.- ri \sitl: greater ion e than in the lite ot the pioneer.
\ - - " MI ; - . . v\ heal i onld be raised, n< *
t'Jt'.i- \\as -, i ! ittii nit i o st ij- up loose ground
I! mall i rops were ra ised
: ; . . ',', -- or ! h i 1 1 poles, some
lirpo-,e. N ow. tii get ! lie
( h ! : ' ' iiii iili v. \\ hen the wind
wo':! ! b , - i;;i !. and a handlul ol u heat.
: ' : ' '. \s a ailoui d to run through the hand,
i\i <>\\ i NII.N, i s in rioM KK i.n i
while tlu- wind blew the i li.ui' to one :! .1 n.it
The\ had another ua\ to clear. w!u t: \\\\
I w i 1 1 u 1 1 l ' 1 1 ) k ! 10 id Hi tin- ! > i r i o i ; i (
^trnii^ >ueep, toward^ ail'' 1 ]. : :. :: . ':
dim tin]), uhi< h ^eparated :he < ': i;: : it: \\ '
hand> i in t 1 1 .1 M-I < i iii ! >!>. i-i-; ].: >\ .> :i > ; : > . . .. .
\\ .1-- i lr.ni ui_; \\ hf.it ;!) .1 i .uni.
\ df^i ri[itinn i't' tlu- ditti< ultif- ;:i ji.-tt:!i
i- _::\fti in a tiiniHT i h.ij.trr. .Hi'! :' i- :.'.\ in >,rr.
that inci >n\ f n;f nrf ua-. a \ cr\ .,r!H-!'al 'Mif.
I'Xi f;.tin_ i asf> n| sirkiu--^. the hardi ^; par: \ \
( 'in n if in 'cin fin lit it. and m> iff ->i >. i >t f i i.iilx . \\ . t !
hiTf withmii a ^Dud |n-f jiaratimi lor tin ta>
-arily rri|uii'f. li a man liad nnnify iMi
Nfttlfiiu nt> and buy tor lutn^clt a \oki nt u\rii. lu- ua> i i in--.df red a
'inadf man." Tin )-,<. that had no tf.ini at all. wc-n- dooim-d to dfju-nd
upon those that had. to m~t tlu-ir lo^-in.; donr. their iniiliiu'. tlu-ir
plowing, and otliL'r teain work. lh;^ wa> atti'iided uit
ircquent disappointiiKMits, and main other in< oiiveim-m f^. a> may well
he ^ujiposed. and ne< f->->anl\' made pro^ri 1 ^^ r\< ffd'.n.;i\ -!o\\. llor>c-N
were aUo a rarity. (Ken i!id nearly all the uork a team had to do.
and were, ;n ta< t. better adapted tor sin h u>e then than horse^ 1'eople
that had oxen ,ind a wa_;on attended i hnreh in ->t\le. o;her> h.iii to
walk.
[or want <>! < iuiri he^. reliu'ion^ -er\ u e-- ; <k plai e ^: ;
Collie >ettler. and it made \cr\ little ditt'ereiii i u hat i hi -: ..!; :::'
nation the prea< her beion-ed to. tor the :.. pie ,\.> ; ;,i .,:, ;.,; ,
i ! U \s IV. The Bailie 11 r 1 ! H . 1 1 1 ! V < i ! ! e e i , : i _ \\ . i - ,', '
or rope, ; from atnbodv. It i- to
frontier sot ,elv did not l.ve to reai ii
i<;2 HISTORY 01 sKNi-XA COUNTY.
It should not be forgotten that there were no bridges across the
streams in those days, and people found their way out to some open
road, or to a neighbor, by following bla/ed trees; that it was then
necessary to wade through swamps, climb over, or walk along on logs.
Men did not wear polished boots, and with such as they had. could
well make their way to meeting on Sunday, lint ladies without horses
to ride, and no team of any kind, had to get to church as best they
could for go. they would. And it was also regarded as perfectly in
order to see girls carry their shoes and stockings in their hands, wade
through the water, and after walking several miles through the woods,
when near the meeting house, sit down in a fence corner, or behind a
big tree, and put oil their shoes and stockings.
Alter, the meeting was over, they took them off again, and walked
home barefooted, in the way they came. Sometimes a beau was polite
enough to carry the shoes and stockings to the house, and thus embrace
the opportunity to see "the old man."
The girls were as pretty, in their log cabins, as ours are now in their
drawing-rooms, and equally as virtuous, and possessed of as much true
womanhood as now. to say the least. The trails of their dresses were
not as long as they are worn now, and perhaps the texture was not so
line, but they looked the very picture of he.alth and beauty in their
linsey-w'oolsev, and other home-made flannels: and if you married one
of these girls, you had a wife in the fullest sense of the term, and a
companion for life that would stand by you, come what would. It was
not necessary, then, to hire a (ierman or Irish chamber-maid to fan
\oiir frontier bride while she. seated in a rocking-chair, played her
guitar, or hold up her trail as she stepped into her carriage. And
tlu-re was no need of a French cook, chamber-maid, and a laundry-
girl -making three to wait upon the bride. These hangers-on were
all dispensed with. The kitchen, the parlor, the wash-room and the
drawing room were all in the same room, and tin 1 lire in the big fire
] ihu e wannei i them all.
< ' on rt ships among \ oimg people had their in< onveniences, very true,
bu; d hi re siancly ever out of their mothers" sight, and at
lln-;r -MI , old and young commingled together.
\\ h ; : i~!- had n- rough sides, and its depri\ atiolis, it must
in. t hat it \vas a dark and gloomy life.
There is a < ertain pcculia r pleasure
indes. ribable. ( 'hopping in the woods,
ijis. wife and children joining in the \\ork;
lon/st: fishing and hunting: the relief
' 1 HI \.\Y I: IN I III U ... >|>N I i iR MJ ''
from the restraints and r onvnitionalilirs of refined si>< ut\ ; the- h
for future prosperity: ol nearer ne;.J.' >: >. ! ln-;t<-r rad> and in. irk
of bridges, s;,>ek ^ row in.:. fields i-nl.ir^i!:^. -'>iis and da':_hters _'!
into usefulness.- these .tin! a thousand and M-;,- nthrr ;m :d<-nts m
;!ic lite in the woods" wondertu'.h iaM ;p..r :n_:. .inl < re.i'.ed .iro'.iu
a halo id ino^t peculiar lia]/pini- ami io\ clim->- Anv >nr\':\or
that urnrrat ; >\\ ot nu'!i. w;ll no\\ c\( Linn, \\iirn ri'< irr.n.; t'i til
i!.i\^: "Thr !:!' in the womi-, tor mr"
1 here \va> no terror in tlu- lio\\Iin- ui t!x- \\::i:r\ ! .t-t \\!ii-ii tlu
cli-arin_; b.a'l jrown lar_ r e enough to |.re\eijfi the t;<- - 'r'>:ii tai'.in.;
tin- ( ahin. Ih.e tatniiv. ^nu^U luiki-il a\\a\ in \\.--.r ^.i::-.
tin' little i ahin. lit u]' iroin the \>i^ lire jiLu e. \\t-re i.-t ai.i:.'\n: \>\
ho\vliii_:, \\h>tLn^ anil whining oi the \\iinU in the tr-e ; -. :,>.r
the i ra-!ii!._; of Itreakin^ linil. ami the '.hnii'li-ri.i;.:- : a i-:^. tail
tree. It is \vrv true, th.r -oine oi u-, uh.i h.ni tn -
toinnl "iir -hoe>. si, M kin ^- ,i!nl. in :a< !. ail " i'ir ' !" l:i -. e\ e:: < .Mr \<
( lothr^. < overeii li\ a !>ei| (it siiiiu, \\*l;cii \\ e \\ak'-<i ",: in the M.i'n;:
l"c >r ;1ie>e i Lip lioani !' u >'.^ w. mid
\\nndi-rfu! t'.n iK:\. e-|<ei ia'ih win n the uim! i>!eu w.th .'. I'eit :' '
the wni'k oi ,1 moment to -.hake the MIO\\ ;r>:i! >:'.\' < lothi--. a: : d
d'>wn the Li'lder to the lire pl.n e, uh.ere the\ >ooii i:'^-,!.
I'he^e lire p'.aee-- Wi-J'e _;ene!\ii!\ \rl\ >]>ai .'i'>. , ,i i -;i.\ ;^ r.e.li"'\
u h o 1 1 e ; i d o i 'he i a ! i : 1 1 . 1 1 a \ : ! ; _ i ; i - ' r o < > 1 1 1 e 1 1 < ! L; 1 1 ; r a '. . . < : ': r t <
a'ot't on one -:de. and lor a i uplio.ird on the ':::(!. 1 ':
aliont six tee: ;..!;j. and tuo or three : . : in d:.i!i.i '. r. : _:< :-. : is
l-iiiLi''!' 'h i'; a dr\ >t:i i.. o! < citirse. liif! ;1 a;\\ i\-~ <\ -:^.;:
hand M' : k---. and wh, n :M ;> ].'. i, .'- > u.i- ..- .i>\ m i" : :
'94 HISTORY OK SKXKCA COTNTY.
wheels. Linen war]) and woolen filling made linsey-woolsey. This
made dresses for women and children, and wampuses for the men to
work in. 1'cople now dressed more comfortably. An overcoat of
home-made cloth, with a double cape, was very becoming to the back-
woodsman in his wolf-skin cap. Many of the long winter evenings
were spent in spinning wool and flax, some using the reel, some the
swift, while the men made hickory brooms or axe-handles. Kvery one
was employed until bed-time. The little cabin looked like a bee-hive
on a large scale.
These pages are not intended as a criticism on anybody, or anything.
Their object is merely to preserve, from oblivion, scenes and incidents
that accompanied the time and the circumstances in and under which
this beatiful patch of country, we love to call "Old Seneca," com-
menced to be opened to civili/ation, and the memory of that noble,
heroic class of men and women who devoted their lives to the task,
and who are fast passing away.
It is questionable, however, wlvether the' present generation is pos-
sessed ot the gratitude, love and veneration properly due to its pioneer
friends, for what they did and endured to make Seneca county what it
is. Perhaps there is not as much of that filial love, affection, veneration
and esteem due from the child to the parent, shed abroad throughout
society as there should be. llovs talk of the time when they shall be
nventv one years old and then be their own masters independent,
tree to do tor themselves, under obligation to nobody. They call the
father "the old man." the mother "the old woman."
It Bounds so cold and so hard, so distant and so void of love, and
-eems to ignore everything the honored parents did to make "Young
\merica" to lie a man. There is no duty that love enjoins upon the
human heart, more sacred, next to the love of (iod. than the filial love
: ml ilfe< tii MI a i hiid i iwes it - parents.
1 1" this j> ,i world of i iM-e and effect, it car, scarcely be presumed
'h:it :i violation oi" t)ii> law is not followed bv the penalty.
,\ ^ood Morv is told of ,1 man who had an old father living with him
..'io \\ ,! s ner\ o'i s. and trembl iiiLj with a^e. I I is wile was a vcrv < leanly
' '.'.\ uoin.in. The old lather often spilled his food on the table
'! . .:.'! the-, mad'- him sii at a small table in a corner, bv himself.
oci ,is;onall\ broke a dish, being unable to control his
1 i ' ink an ax.' and i hopped at a block, making a little
: r;_'- l.o\. by his sid- 1 . asked him what he was making.
ii'l '. 'i that he wa-- "making a trough for grand-pap
t" t-at out 'it'." This an-w-.-r p'lt tlu li'tie fellow into
alter a\\hi!e he looked up and s.i;il '." s : r.h : r "I'
old man. I will make a ; r< >:_;!> ! >r \ ;. v\ .:. ' I - '
li!> a\ . t-M.k tlu- little leiitiw !>y t! 1 .'- ii.i'i'i. ,lii-i u.rk'-'
\\'lic;i I -ee N'DMII^ .\IIUT: .1 ''.r:\in_ !ii-
i].li-n-li.l l.u^y. with Mlver jM.i:e.! !i. i: - -. in- ;,
Krd h.iil way 'i|i, !: ildiii^' the- lille-> ill !'..> k.' i _!''. d !:
! irty iin the jil.ink" over r> iad-> that hi> "M ;.i'. :i , -; MI.C i
!'>rc>t. chi'j,| ,;;i^ d.iun the tree-. < 'it::;,., tliriii int-i
them .i\va\ with .1 yoke ' >l u\en, ID en,i!>! h.!:n l> -
o.i!M|>^ : then wa:t a i< >n_ tune lieli u e t he ^!". :n[ dn .i\
(otilil he draw:i to -rade the road and let '.h<- water r'
like 'ii tell the \'(>'in_; man lo innct:iiie-. :;.,nk <>\ '. lu-
1 see "N'li'.in^ America" -taniiinu at the i 'irner- '! ^
nil el\ ['oli-hcd. fine brn.idrl'ith ->uit, l"i;ie . ; .!k hat -
walkin^ < ane "t" the latent -tyle. with a i :^ ir -rii k
an^ie \ inrty t"i\e de,ree>. - tho'i-h V.l t'lis ma\ lie \
nn i-~t kindly \\ lumper into t h. e ear <>\ m \ \ 0:111 _; iriend '.
h:> honored lather, who. in his huiie-i home -;..::.. u .
bout-, worki-d hard all hi- lite. -tnuJ'M., .!_a : ;.- - ;
and all other hardships that lu-loii-ed to pioneer i.!e.
'I'l'ie reading of :!K- history of niie's < o-i:;try -h >-:'.
patrio;;e pride. \\h\ -honld it no: .tls>i -: : m ;'..'(
higher veneration for the fatliers and :.io:ln-r- '
CHAPTER XIII.
GOVERNOR EDWARD TIFFIN A BIOGRAPHY.
IT IS SAID that (iovernor Tiffin, of ('hiliicothe. was a particular
friend of Mr. losiah Hedges, at the time the latter laid out and
platted Tiffin, and for that reason nanud his town alter his Iriend.
There are so many incidents and historic events interwoven with the
life and public services of ( Iovernor Tittin. and, there is so much beaut}'
in his private life and character, that to withhold them from the reader
seemed wrong to the writer, especiallv after so much research and unex-
pected success in securing the material. Some may be glad to preserve
a memoir of the distinguished and illustrious pioneer alter whom the
capital ol our county is named.
The peculiar traits of character of Doctor Tiffin, as a leading man in
his da}', associated, as he was in his public life, with men of strong
minds and remarkable ability, tended largely in starting our noble state
on he! proud career. The old "Uuckeye state" was especial!}' lavored
in being led into the constellation of this union of states by the hands
oi siir h distinguished patriots and statesmen as met in the territorial
legislature in ( 'incinnati. and in the first constitutional < onvention. in
('hiliicothe. from i ;<;X to 1X05. and after. The}' stamped their own
iniii\ idu.dity upon their time, directed the firs!, infant'lc >teps and
determined the destiny, of llie young and growing state.
There are thr--e daughters of (iovernor Tiilin still livingtwo in
< !i i 1 : p ' > j i H , ; i ' 1 one ; 1 1 ('iiH i n n a 1 1 . as the I o 1 1 o w i n g < \ o < < i m e n t s will
sh- i\v. I ii'' ' :;'- at,ne\ed prove the kind ties- licit the family of Tittin
: ; '. ' : i ! ' ' ri i 1 1 i r o m their 1 1 o n o r < d I a t h < r . and 1 1 1 e i r readiness
:;.: \\ork ', uiving ' the reailers oi' iln-s.; pages a faithful
M ;.ni! i 'iai\n :--r o| ( lo\ eni' ; Tittin.
M -. I . R. I >r< sb e h. of 'I'iflin. and being
1 i e _: \ > . ', i n L; in ( ' i n c i n n a 1 i . w a s a d i s l a n 1
l:li u.k.M'IIY Ml t..i\IKN<>K II! I IN. K,-
I Ni I \ S \ I I . .lahu.ll \ '_'! . I -^'
M <> 1 >i \i: *>! i: :
Yum > of the ITtli hist, received. I cn.-li .-. ,1 !iifiii"ii nf < n-\ ei n'i Till'm
unttenin I-'.'.'. 'I'ltf preface explain- il. I had intended u i M im: ;i fuller
account i't hi- di-t m_;iii-hcd career. I'lil -eem never t iind tin- tune.
Tli' 1 t i ' >\ eriior \\a- ;i !ii;in of niei ! i n in -!;ilii!r. da:k chi-MuM h.ni. deep
I -I in- e\ e-. ;i |'ii iv t \ | T < ' I Kn-_:! i-h feai : i c^ and ra: hei ;!: id r. .nipN-x \< >n. \ <; \
. i c 1 1 \ i in 1 1 1 1 \ ' 1 1 1 < i : I -^ ;iin! 1 1 1 1 i i k iii }\\^ 1 1 1 1 1 1 ! . 1 1 ; 1 1 t i " 1 1 -v
1 -.h;i!l In- '_ r !,ii! !n ;in-'\\iT ;in\ Inrlli'-r i|in->I ii>n^. I ;tm j'li-,k--i-il I" -.i-i- \niir
fll'.irt t" il<> ju>tirc tn the imlil'' |iiniifcr rare.
\'i-r\ i;.-s|,.-rnii!]\ .
\\ . LAN... K-... (.(,(( iMl-j, V>..
YIHII -- of i In- -Ji'd in>l . i> received. I i"\ . TiMin li;id ii chiMivii \<\ lii. [ir-t
uil'e; |i\ tlie second li\ e i Hie M m alld t'< >l 1 1' dailu'llt er->. Till ''.. I Ih. latter
are li\ niu r . \ i/: Mi-. M. Scot! Conk. Mr. Cook i> tin- iinrh-u!' Mi-^ I 'i .-nl.-iit
IIa\e> . Mi-~> l>ialhea Madi-t>ii '1'iilin. in'ili iv-i'lmu in ( 'liillicni he. .ind Mi->.
< 'miieu f > >. \\ it'' 1 !' I >r. ' 'i>ni'-u r > >. "f < 'i in-ill na! i. 'I'lie . .Ide->J dau^'liii-i i- dead.
S||e \\a> the Wife "f .l.'-e|.|| 1 1< ' \ 1 1- 'id - . KM|.. i'f I'l'liaiia. (Hli.. !ll> un!\
^mi. Kduard. \\a- killed in l-^Vl }<\ an accidenl mi ihe Krie Kaiiinad at ^'"ii-
l\ei ->. \ . Y . II' \\ a> a \ < 'iinu' |>li\ ^iciaii.and i et m ninur t i"in I 'an^. \\ !.i-ie In-
had I ice!; !'' --~ id 1 1 1 LI' l'"l" t \\ " \ ea I ^ l'i 'I' 1 1 led h M! M| i-, ( [ \ a 1 i"!l .
I \\~\ll \\iite \" Mi-- Ti;lin. \\lin. I hupe. can luini-h \nii \\iili a Meel en-
'_ r ra\iiiL; "1 her t'ather'-. lace. I Inipc. a!->". ihal -he \\iil In- al'le !' !;nni--h
\ i >n \\ it h a ei i|i\ . if ( leiieral \\'a-!i i ii 1 ^; "iT^ letter, ml i < >d \\ t -\ \ t ^ \IHIIIL: 'i'l'lin !
I tn\ el'lti '1' >: . ( 'iair. ^ ' 'ill -. IJe-l'ei I t lll|\ .
\\ . I. \\>.. I.-;. . (,. t (l\! I ,(, ^ -.
,'e,S HISioKY 01- SKNF.CA COUNTY.
with a kuo\\ ledue of law resulting from close application for a considerable
time. will. I hope. jiistif\ the lil>ert\ 1 now take in recommending him to
\oiir attention : re^ardinu; with due attention the delicacy as well as import-
ance of the character in \\hich I act I am sure you will do me the justice
to heiie\e thai nolhiiiL'; hut a knowledge of the irent lema P 's merits, founded
upon a lonu' acquaintance, could ha\e induced me to IrouMe \oii on this oc-
casion.
With sincere \\ ishes for \oiir happiness and welfare.
I am. etc..
<.KOK(.L WASHINGTON.
( io\ . ^ r Cl.AlH. .lanuarx 1. }~<i~..
There is no doubt but that a knowledge of the fundamental principles
of law was a powerful factor in placing youn^- Tittin ;unonL r the first
stalesineii of liis time, and the wonderful sagacity ot (ien. \\ashiuLilnn
< ompreheuded, the man and the pla< e uhere he mi-ht be utili/cd.
CINCINNATI. Fehruan n. IS.MI.
1 >i: \i; Si i; :
Since I wrote \oii 1 have found a letter addressed to me li\ the late Col.
Allen Latham, of Chillicothe. written at a time when I thought | \\duld
enlai'n'e m\ memoir of the old (.overnor. I >ent the Colonel a cop\ of my
nieiiioii-. and asked him to write me what he could of hi> recollections. It
harmoiii/.ed with m> statement, as \oii will see. and \oii \\ill .^et a lietter
desci-ipt ion of his person and his gentlemanly manner-;. He lielon.Li'ed to the
old /' </<'//" of highly cult 1 1 red men.
I ha\e a ciip\ of his first message IM the Legislature: also his message in
reirard to the capture of the Klemierhasset-Jiiirr expedition. ;i u,| 1'roideut
.letter-Mil'^ laudation of the (iovernor's activity, etc.. etc. If \i.u desire to
u-e them in \otir narrative. I \\ill send them to \oii.
( )ue of the ui"-.t lloui'isliiii'j." towns in the slate hears Titlin's name, and as
you are aliout \\ ril inn' a historv of the pioneer era. I fee] that \ mi can make
\our \\ ork more at t raet i\ e hy such details, as \\ ell as honor a dist inuuished
man ot hi- time. \'er\ Kespectfiillx .
\V. LAN*.. Kso. ('.(,.('( )Ml-](, Vs.
[MI A i-n MII\.]
r..'iward Tiftin \\a> born in the city of ('arlisle. Limland. |uue
i ,. 17'.'). ll ; - parent^ \\cre in but moderate circumstances, and his
un< '<-. I'.ilw ir<l J 'ark IT. itier whom he was named, assumed the taix* of
h - . ; ;. 1 1 ;..[i. Mr w;is fitted for the study of niedii iiie. Upon whii ii he,
i ;' ;!U e.irl\ .!_'; but before he had completed the < ourse he
( oimtr\ with his parent- an<l fami'n. win 11 ba rely
: ,i_e. .iP'l landed in New \ ork. Ib- pro* efded to
Phil-id' ': : . -'. ' ere he followed the ourse of medical !c< lures in ihe
I n:\i.rs!;\ i iVnn-vlv.mia. lie then rejoined his father's familv. who
j. ma >e i ii'i f- "t " ri-\ .
In i 7-S,, lu- m.irriol M.irx, il.i-
,,!' C.MVrniMi \\ ,.--!i:iu:..i!. >;,, v^,i
U-^-rilu-.! '.\ .111 riniiu-u: in:;.!-:, ; .1- -..i
;iii([ l.r.tx rn'\ nr.n'ii i' \\ ' nirj :i ! h I'i r\ i-r ::n ; . \
h.tp; i v ir ]; .'. i !\ ; \\ m: \ \ v.n -.
Tin- IP in ".-i i i| : mi nuti.-- >i M : -. \\-\<. r>. 'hf v riirr.
|i,.!,. k'!Mi> kin.j. t ('nil inii.it;. l!:r">\ nr:i h
ihitf- <<>!!(_ r ruin _; ( io\ . l'ittin'-< -i-Mii-im-n' in i i (:;...
Tlu- i>->iK- "I l.unl u.irr.int> 1>\ tin- -:,i!r m \ ir^ini.i
.ir\ -' ili liiM's. tu In- lor.iinl in ( )hi< >. or thr N< >r: h\\ r-
\'ir_inia h.nl > >-<lni to tlu- uriu-r.il _;. i\ rninirnt. ilrru
I-,, n ni" \ ir^ini.in> tu tin', rr^i'in. rim'ii.i- \\IT';.
u\\:i'-r^ i't ^i rip ,i!i'! .1 |'.u't\ i't ^", i '. r\ 1 1 1 -.. U-;i \ .1.
. u -ri\ i-d .1! ( 'hill'n ntlu- the -anir in>nth. 'I'i.r ;..\\
M.i>v.<-\ ilir." h.i\ ::u IHTII l.iid mil In ( Irn. M .
(niii. lined ali'iut i >nr h'.UH Irri 1 c.il.iin-.. .did 'iu-rr \\ .
scatirrrd aliMiit tin 1 ->nn'i iniid in^ i inintrs. An i-:i
hundred 1 :ii iian-> \\ :i- ne i r .1! h.ind. \\ - T! h ;P_ ' < >' .
s'./i iiir hiin-eii .ind hi> 1'i'ii'he: .n i.i\\. I d. u.ii'd I
uind"\\ > . ;i l he -;: ii
iii ,u,d 'l".tnn \\ere m
.is e-~, ,ind ii"! 1'e.n. .i
. the\ deternrned i ft
200 HISTORY OK SKNKCA COUNTY.
wilderness through \vliich they moved. In about two weeks they
reached Pittsburgh, without any accident by the way. There they
embarked in "broad horns" on a full river, and lloated peacefully and
swiftly on its broad bosom, swaying from shore, amidst all the strange-
ness. and granduer and deep silence ot the wilderness. They landed
at the mouth of the Scioto. where Portsmouth now stands, and thence
took their -low and tedious march through the unbroken and thick
forest of the valley of the Scioto. guided only by the bla/ed path of
earlier pioneers.
On the jyth day of April. 179^. they at last reached their destina-
tion. having been more than thirty days on the way. The whole
community came out to welcome them, and to assist in the unloading
of their train and tin- care ot their wonderful stores. Such a cavalcade
had never before been seen : so much refinement, intelligence and
abundant possessions of usetul and ornamental household goods had
never before been found on the frontier. Worthington and Tiffin were
both elected to the territorial legislature that met in ('incinnati in
1799.
The country was a vast torest. roamed over by savages and wild
beasts. The settlements were few but rapidly increasing.
"I'pon the banks ot the Scioto there was a small hamlet of log
houses, beautifully situated, which was called ( 'hillicothe." says another
w r i t e r .
Kdward Tiffin would have made an accession of value to any settle-
ment in the west. Here lie selected his residence. lie was a man of
well cultivated mind, gentlemanly manners, a friendly -pint. and his
( ondiict was guided, not only \>\ high morality, but b\ true Christian
pr'iii ij'ic-. lie immediately identified himself with his new home and
it- enterprising people. lie rapidly acquired a reputation, not only as
a ph\si< ian. but also tor hi- virtues as a man.
im lemeiii \ oi the weather, in lon
f the
membered that show hou readv
e- o] the profession under sudden
emerge; '.i (in one < < a-; on. while di-tan' trom home, a terrible
ac<idi.nt mai'.e :; mi e--ar\ that an amputation of the leg .diotiid be
KIOCKAI'HY <>I laiVIKNoK Ml UN. 2~I
made. The I)oetor was without instruments, ye*, he tjiiii kly <ontri\ed
all that was necessary, pertornied the opt ration and saved the man's
lite.
Thus he was busily cn^a^cd until the ta!! oi 17. ,,,. \'.\\\ i; i very
evident that his aitive mind u.is taking a u :dt ran^e -i: pub'.ii at'fa: rs;
tor the people, re<o^ni/iiiL; in him abilit.es other than j>roii-s-,ii>nal,
(ailed upon him to ser\e them as a i epi cseti!at,\ e in the territorial
legislature, winch started him on his < areer in the ]>', \.< a! vsorld.
That body met in ('incinnati on the iSth d.a\ o! September. i~<><>.
when that Ltreat < ity was but a < ollei tion oi lo^ cabins and a tew small
inline houses, "basking in the sun." under the protei tion o! ;i;e ^ms of
|-'ort Washington.
|ud^e liurnet. in his letters to the < Mim Ilistorn a! Sot ;eiy. >a\'s of
the Ross t oimty delegation, that "They \\ere no; e\t eiletl in talent ar.il
energy by any other in the territorx. She sele< ted her stp>n^< -; men ,
\\orthnmton. Tittin. I-'indley and I.an^ham were ipialitietl to exert an
intluem e in any deliberate bod\ . and the\ did no; jail to cmphn ;;.
The\ were natives ot \ ir^inia. e\i ept Tiltm. uho \sas born in Kn^'.and
and. it was said, t ame to this country as surgeon's mate in the army oi
l>nr^o\'ne. This latter statement, though ^em-rails be!;e\ed. is not
true. ho\\e\er. Tittin \\.ts but ele\ en \eais old. u!:en l'.ur^o\iu- >ur-
rendered.
The best proof of l>r. Tittin's appreciation, is .houn
he \\.is unanimously e!e< ted speaker ot il:. it impoii.i;, 1 [ august
botU, and retained, that position to the end. ot ;!.,- ;, ; ;, rial ^-nern
ment.
lie frequently, took pai t in the del Lite-. ,i:;d nm: 1 i a"\ e-., o-;- ;
tered lu.l-e S:ble\ . of I tetroit. \\ 1 : bid. . I'-u; :
, ,1m at. d all.l ab!. '.aw\. r. ai. d ] .. o- ,,,;, , :
I'ittin \\ as an i ni|-t.;i'>->i^i;tte-d < ieiia' . u !:.
.i'rli'ij. r..':.- :: h:s ar_ :-,,, :.' . \l iv\ >, . M-
t i, ,\ : M \\
232 HISTORY (>! SKNKCA COt'NTY.
'orm a constitution tor the now state to be called Ohio. Tiffin, Worth-
r,,ton and Ma-ie were elected Ironi Ross conntv.
Tin.- convention m.i_t in CMiillirothe in November following, and
I'.dward Tittin was chosen president. Here his intelligence, fairness
and readiness in decision, united to most courteous manners, elevated
him so mnch in the estimation ot that body of able men, that he was
brought fnrward. at the conclusion ot the busjncss belore the conven-
!;on. as the candidate for governor. lie was elected in Januarv, 180^.
without opposition, receiving 45^5 votes. In October, i.Sos. he was
i.- elected unanimously, receiving 47^ votes. He declined to be a
...ndidate tor a third term.
Hi- state papers are briel. but clear in their suggestions for the
rii.ict.ment of all those measures that would open roads, develop agri
i imural and mineral resources, advance education, protect the frontier
and favor immigration. The highest proot ot his (qualifications and
executive abilities, are his repeated unanimous elections.
The most notable feature oi his gubernatorial career was the arrest
of the ISnrr-Pdennerhasset expedition. In the- latter part of 1806.
Aaron llurr collected numerous boats and quantities of stores in the
neighborhood of I'dennerhasset Island, below Marietta. Governor
Tiftin. learning that the expedition was ready to sail, dispatched a
i o'arier to the commandant at Marietta, and directed him to occupy a
po-i'ion below the island, where with a Held batterv they could com
mand the channel. I'.urr. seeing that his plans were discovered and
knowing th.e impossibility ot running the blockade, abandoned the
i \pedition and lied.
T'ni: jiix-ss of the eastern states lauded (lov. Tittin tor his prompt
:;,d successful destruction of the nefarious scheme, and President |ef-
fer-ou. in his letter to the < >hio legislature. I-'ebruai'y J. i.So;. commends
;he (iovernor for his promptness and energy in destroying the expe-
(';:' ion. [Si i A IM-KN in \. ]
A' the expiration of his term ot ottice. in 1X07. (iovernor Tittin was
'.._( led I'ni'ed Stiles Senator and tool; his seat in I >e( ember, his ere
- beitu pre-ciited 1 >y b 'tin Adams.
I : HI'L'.'S of ( 'onm ess show thai he was i on--iant!y in his place, and
' lupor'.ant < ommittees; indeed, b\' ,1 >pe< lal vote oi ihc
,id''e-d to the (ommittec oil fortiticatioiis and publi<
war fniiiiL; was rising e\erv day. stiniulated by the
I < men < >l war !a\ in II ampli >n I\i >ads. and
',o\ver ( "hesa[K-ake. sear< hing o",r merchantmen lor
N< >K 1 II 1 IN.
l'-i!i!ii lands were surveyed, new measures :,,; '.
unproved.
l"ne ch at!', o! his \\ ile. in 1 s - v . so o\ en\ lletl d I i '. . I
determined to abandon j>ul>lic lite, and th'-rei. ir . .' tiu- c .
session in March. iS;,,. he reined.
agriculture. !'. : :' he was not allowed \\\ } . ,]'., \\ ,.-.-
his puMii i areer entirely, lor at the fa'.i e',e< ::!: lie -A.I--
le-is'iature: he was unanimoii-d\ i hoson speaker oi ;hc I!
he i otitinucd to act h>r -c-\ i-ral sessions following. \ irmei
( 'liillic nthe writes of him. that he _a\ e ^reat -mist K '..\\ a
h.;s jieriei t familiarity with its duties, and the promptness .1;
ness o t his d i c ! s i o u s .
In the meanwhile (im. T'.tlm liad resumed his
a^ain : h.is sec ond wile !>e:n_: M:-s Mar\ I'orter. trom I >e!a\\
family had re-entl\ settled in !<<>>- io'int\. >iu- uas.i
personal heaut\. i;uiet manners and e\emplar\ ;>ie'.\
|)ur.n_; l he til's! term ol Mi. M .nit sou's aiijii.n.s 1 ;-.r.. !.
passed, ihe ,ut creat;n_; the uttue of ('ommis-
Land i Mn. e, and Mi. Madison s,-!ei ;<-d ( .-, . I ."::i j'.-i
\}~.:- impor'an: department. Ihe aj 'po: u'men: \\...-- vv1j'."-'\ '
i n d u n e \ p e i t e d 1 1 \ h ; n i o r . i n \ 1 1 ; his i r : e n d - I ! : i I i r > '
I;.- a p] ni:n' men : was the re< e:p: '. i\ !:; i.l ! 1 ^ ('..triii! i <
lriend!\ letter ir-un tlie I'resMien'. :'.d ; M: \\
and se\era! old < o!le. lr ;ues. .;,^i- : _ hi,:; J.,,i , i( , , p- ;., ; ,, ;'
ura; ;l\ in_: manm-r in \\}: : < h it w.is :f.d< : e.i >'.( -e: m ;. . i ;
and in a n w da\ s he si.irl.-d .n !:.'!-!> n k l-i-Fi \\ . '
I h a ' I !.!- n r ; : . i < ' I ' u ' \\ > >; -
I'!.. . llf.lii > o! the ' !-..,-, .,.--, ,. ..;, ,
204 HISTORY OK SKNECA COUNTY.
to the government. His labors, An part, are exhibited in the state
papers. When the British army approached Washington, in 1814, and
orders were given to hurry off the public papers. Mr. Tiffin was the
only one who. by prompt action, carried all his department to a place
of safety. The other departments lost many valuable papers in the
conflagration ordered by the British general.
Nothing could wean Governor Tiffin Irom his Ohio home, and Mr.
Madison gratified the wish of his heart by ordering an exchange of
office with Josiah Meigs, who was then surveyor-general of the west,
with his office in Cincinnati. Mr. Meigs was appointed commissioner
of the general land office, and Gov. Tiffin was made surveyor-general,
with the privilege of locating the office in Chillicothe. There he
located, and continued at the head of this office of surveyor-
general, during the remainder of the term of Mr. Madison, and through
the succeeding administrations of Mr. Monroe and Mr. J. O. Adams,
and into that of General Jackson, up to within a few weeks of his
death, when General Jackson appointed General Kytle, of Cincinnati,
to supercede him. He received his successor on his death-bed,
transferred to him his office, and died a few days thereafter.
There were several thousand dollars in his hands belonging to the
I'nited States, which were promptly handed over; and so were his
books and papers, in the best of condition. This office had control over
the vast realm known as the northwest, and the beautiful arrangement
of the surveys, of the public lands is greatly due to the sagacitv and
order that marked Gov. Tiffin's life.
Gov. Tiffin was reared in the pale ot the Church ot Kngland, and
after his removal to this country, he continued hi.-, relations to the same
organi/ation. which still existed almost as, the state church of Virginia
- -for the American hierarchy had not yet been established. But the
Torv charaett r of many ministers, during the revolution, and the almost
abandoned state ot so manv < hurches. before the establishment of the
1'rotestant Kpiscopal church, had so alienated the people from its
communion, that a greater opportunity was oilered tor the propagation
of the Method!-;' doctrines and Usages. The unusual /cal and fervid
oi the new preachers, excited universal at tent ion, and great relig-
iiemcni and inquirv prevailed. The great Missionary Bishop,
Asbury. traveled tar and wide in the states and territories, to
lo'est settlements, preaching with L^i'eat eloquence and power
in., sen ietii s and consecrating ministers.
ind hi--, wite united with the societv that was orirani/cd at
I!!M(,K M'llV M| i.uVI f.'S. >K I III 1\.
Asbury as a lax 1 preacher, ami diirin.; all his sii!)-e
he i ontintieil. tn some extent, !n e\er< is The tuin !
I poii his removal tti()liio. he regular!; pet'tor-ned
in the lieu settlements. He did this :;r .-' ; [_, \\:\\ . .1
tion. and his , atholii sentiments \vn;i ;..r him ! e re
\\ hen ever the I ', pisi opal ( hun h in ( 'hi:: i > <:\\ e \\ as
was railed to read the s t -r\ ;i e and a -ennii :rnT;
hi the :nianc \ oi s.ii u'tv. men ot a!i:l:tv h.i\e '.''
ID pertorm ver\ varied turn t ;r uis in < :\ i! and moral .
mat), the u.irrior. the phih isophrr. !: i\e ail a< it-r! :'".
the edifn ation oi" i ommnnities and stales. ] ;h,
font-er at 'he l.e-innin- of this , ent::r\. the j
reii- : o.;s sen'in. ents of the people was as mm h tfc"
men ( >! tlu day. as anv other uork the\ < oi;!d. |,e
the loimdatioiis ot the state, and, this man. s,, d:st:i
and p i a i e ; n those times, w . i s : i , > i ashamed t ( > i e i
ser\ ;i es.
I he last \ ears tt \ the ( 1 > >\ erno: 's ' ;te were !i':l '.
im idem s. lie withd. rew irom th.e re^'il ir pr.n t i .
n - appointment as iiimmissioiier ;n i s i _ : !>';' a
( 'hrliirothe. in i -. i ;. he dispensed ads ii e and. >ive-
il -m e. _'.;. '>! \ to the ! r. and to mans o' ; .
_ : \ e \\ a \ i : i o n i .> j ..and lie - r : r * i ; ' r o m a i : o s t it:
( Ml -> I','..! 1 ;; . e!>i;;_. \ ;. - ,,. | _-,,.
J0() HISTORY OF SKN1CCA COUNTY.
for. His integrity was never questioned. While he managed his own
aifairs with prudence, he did not accumulate great wealth, as he might
have done, but yet he never suffered any worldly embarrassment. He
l:\ed well, and in harmony with his position in socielv. but always
within his income. He was hospitable, and in fhe days of his health,
many of the most distinguished personages ot the counlry enjoyed the
hospitalitv of his bo'ard. His beautiful home was embellished by his
refined taste. His earnest piety was an important element in promoting
the best interest of his adopted town and country.
(iov. Tiffin left his widow and children in independent circumstances.
Mrs. Tiffin died in 1X27. Thev left live children, already mentioned.
1'oliticallv, Ciovernor Tiffin was of the Jeffersonian school the old
Republican party: but for many years preceding his death, was not
conspicuous as a politician. He was an in ti male friend ot Mr. M ad i son,
and named one of his daughters after him.
lie-voting all his time and his talents to the interest of the stale, he
very much neglected his own private affairs. Hut for this, he would
unquestionably have accumulated a large fortune. His patriotism,
however, was of a kind with that of the great men and statesmen of
his day. "Kverything tor country nothing for sell." What a change
has come over the minds of the leading men of these degenerate days!
A reverse element seems to have set in upon the ebb and llow of
American politics. "Kverything for self, nothing for the country."
seems to be the watchword of the hour. The men who pledged their
lives, their property, and their sacred honors for country and freedom,
are dead, but their sons and grand children are here, and have not
these inherited a part of the unselfish love of countrv thai made iheir
; tlhers great in the eves ol the world?
('oh Allen Latham, of Ross count}', an intimate friend of (iov.
Comegys with the following items about ">he
)ot;tor was so kind as to pla< c ai mv disposal:
a desiiv t hat ! u mild u rite mil m\ tes-
lan. > mir u ; T'-'s lal her.
ml \ei\ ha^tih . liaviim \er\ feu papers
'I jee ii|' hilll.
earh hi-ii ir> nf HUT stale, thai
iu" !" mis mi'4'lit 1 >e u ril leu
1 hat dale an' \ er\ hard ! >
al < 'ulii minis ur elsewhere.
a~- iiiauv as aii\ ullier individual, hut llie\
Vtmr.s. Truly.
>,\-.( inciiinati. < ). A LLLN LATH A.M.
I )i it-tin- Kd ward TMlin \\ as speaker "I ;);. HOIIM- ..| i;..pi.-s, nta; r> - ! '
lii >t territorial Legislature mTihu r-t "I ;!..!!.: i IM-I . in ;h.
|MI_'. Ilol'ei t t Hi\ IT uas 1'roideiit ot the C.. n-li.ei !.\i:
('lair \vas ( M>\enior of th*- T-rritr> . hat !- \\ ' .'. u' I'.;: d \\ .t- ->. :;.;
of stall-.
lie \\as president of ;h'' stale co|i\eiitio|i '
Ihr state of < )hio. \\ Inch \\a- adoptrd at Chilli .\.-\ . 1^'J. 'I'll-
Scott \\ as x-crctai \ of tin- cou\ ml ion.
I If \\a> cli Tied the lirM ( .OMTIIOI of ( hio. at;--!' I In- a.!-; , ..f tin
stilittion. ami - \\oni in on tin- .".il >la\ of Maich. I-".;, ;1! |.| , >!:tinu-'l t,,.vt
nor until In- \v a> inaili- ^dialor.
lit- \va^ Senator I'roin ( liin. in tin- St-uati- ol tin- I 'niti-il Ma'.i-^. irniu !-""
to IMC. i.
1 It- ua-- SiicaUi-r of tin- I loii-c of Krpi i--m!a! i\i-- "1 i :.: !i 1 ^"-'-li'. ai '
in Islii-]]. Th..iua- A. 1 1 in. I an. I Ualph I M-oi ,,:( ii-iU-..
lit- \\ a^ api'oin'.cd ( 'oiiinii ---ioni-r of tin- i n-m-: .il I .ai.d ( 'ilicf . .j :':., I -,;:
Stair-- al'out l^li 1 .
Hi- \\a-> appointed Sur\i-\or (.cm-ia! of tin- I niird sialt-> pnh'i
nort liwe-l of tin- ( >liio i i\ i-i . \\ In-n In- ivt m m-d !" < l.illico; In- arid held ; ':..
otlice until !>_"'. in uhich \ear the oilier \\a-~ r.-nioM-d to Cm.-inn.iti .1:..
( ifiieral \\'illiain l.\ tie \\a> a| 'pointed l>\ ( icnera! .laek-"ii. I he 1 )-.-..] i-. .:
a friend < <\ M r. A dani^.
Samuel \V i Ilia ni^. K>i|.. a nati\ e of I 'enn-\ !\ ania. \\ a- ; lie I ' ";, ,r'^ .-h:--!
clerk, and eont inurd in thai po^'n ion t" I!"i'ei i C. 1 ,\ t ! and t" I .en. li/.-k;.-
">. I la\ ne-v u ho are no\\ nil dead. Mi'. U i'iiain- \\a> .in a Me clerk and .1:
accomplished 'jfent leman.
Joseph '1'illin. ihe [)octor'-> l-rothei'. I'.-t.-r l'at!ei--n. \'.-[.. l'.\<-.\ : I'. K-
di ick. I-S,|.. ;iud \\' . l!e\ ii"!d-. t he I . ic tor's -on-in-iau . \\eie ai^o ,'..:'.
the Diietur'.- ollice.
Mr. K'-ndi-ick is still li\ inu' in Ch illicit he. ;i--rd s,.\ m'
17th da\ < '1 Sepleliil"-! 1 la-' ; .
Tin- 1 ),.,!,, i \\ as ,,i m.-ili'i:
poilh . full laced, li-'h! h,i:r. :
tenance. |I;, ',--.] Ill e, \\ rfr ul.l'-'' : i ' '
CHAPTER XIV.
SPENCER vs. HEDGES THE BRUSH-DAM CASE THE FIRST JURY TRIAL
BROUSE THE SUGAR CAMP INDIAN WAY OF COOKING COON FOREST
CULTURE SCARCITY OF MONEY WORK ON THE CANAL JIGGERS AND
CHICHA THE MIAMI, DAYTON AND MICHIGAN. AND WABASH AND ERIE
CANALS -CANAL TAX OF SENECA COUNTY.
SI'F.M ' K K'S brush-dam, across the river, mentioned heretofore, is
deserving ot notice here lor several reasons, vix: It was the first
dam ever erected by man across this river, and of course was very
crude. The water raised by it ran the first saw-mill on this river; it
was located within the limits and near the center of the present city of
Tiffin. It caused numerous contentions between Mr. Hedges and Mr.
Spencer, the two rival proprietors ot the two adjoining towns, that
resulted in several knock downs; its destruction became the cause ot
ai tioii in the first law-suit and the occasion tor the lir-t jury trial in
the i oiirt of common pleas of this county, and finally it brought about
the purchase ot Fort Mail bv Mr. Hedges, and the union of the two
towns, forming the present \oting city of Tiffin. "(I real oaks from
little a< orns gn >w."
Since the adoption 01 the present constitution ot ()hio. and the
consequent new code of practice, nearK thirty years ago. the voting
lav.ver-. a- a general thing. ha\e paid but little attention to the old
< ( minion law pleadings and practii e in vogue in former times, and old
lawver- are gradual!) toruell i ng "the old way. ' 'I he present age is the
age ot the "almighty dollar." and ol "the reason why;" and the bar
iioA .!-. m> to i are a- little about the lormer dillerenccs between debt.
a > - 1 : m p > , i . detinue, ca-e, iropass. trespass on the c a - e , trover, replevin.
ci' < hi. eii>. etc.. a- does Young Amerii a gcneralh about the times gone
i i\ . 1 /,.' Iri .in i he plead i UL;S in this "brush dam case" are here
memory ol the reader coin erning the mode (it
pi o. <' ;-;r tiiiu- in like cases.
Ie-- plaititilf. filed his pr;c< ipe for a summons to h'
is-ued again-! |o-iah i ledges on the 22d day ot September A. I). iSj.p
'!'!:- >:iiiiiin MI-- was -M-IVO! 1,\ A. I;
iv idinj. RMil'>l],lni> I IK kin-i in.
' I'.int v, .1111! \s hi i h.i.'i !DI .iti-il
i-ni'ca. atniT^a'. ani Ii'-n aii
l i' ' ! ,:!:i i i If-.', !'i i\ r< I a ^1'rai | >,( I i . 1 1 > \\ i '. ! ! I \ j
! ;!,r ^aiil .if-if *i>rnriT. Mt' u'l'i'a! \aliif. \>
nn iri'il i|i>!ia!>: aii'l. al>.". iln-n an<l tlirri-. t
i!, HI! ;!!>-. ! '-\\ it : "ii' 1 lli"ii>aii'l \\au<>n l"a>!-
!"-' ami -lain n|' Hie >ai>l aY^-i' >]iciicn . ;.i-\
ii't-c liiiii'lii-'l linliar^. anil ila-n am! l!i>-n- l
li'.rii.-il Hit- -aim- 1" hi-. Ihc -ai'l .l.>-lali 1 1 .''!-
\\ a - ''.' i 1 i"i .i't ' . :
Ami. al-n. thai I hr -aiil .In-iah 1 1. -'I--'
Iht- -.1 i'l I'lainl i:':. .;.-.. -il naif aial U'li
Ilia: par! "I I In- \ i in-l ri >mj- H.--I-P. a'
l'!a--.- I'M! \ I"'.'.-- ii"; i h "I tlm I'la.r -r-'iij
Ih>' -a hi A nii-1 1 1 '!;_:' i i'r-i-1 \ a I i> >n . am!
i -a-: . ; n 1 'an l\ "I I ! !> ^am! n-ls s ri \ <: . >
ti.-! ami ih.-n ami ili.-i.- i.i"k.' .|..v. !
j 1 1 a ! 'la ina'_:i < ; 1 ' - :.!-.. ^:
i'l Mir -lalf i'l tin!": \\ h> i ni|>. :
inj nr.-.l . a in 1 ha- -n-tai n.-'i < i.iina
a ii'l I hri'fii |" MI lie 1 -1 1 m_ r - t hi- -ir; .
JIO HISTORY 01' SK.NKCA COUNTY.
Mr. Hedges in liis answer denied "all and singular the premises."
and defended the "wrongs and injuries." etc., and said that he was n<>'
guilty of the supposed trespass laid to liis charge, etc., "and of this he
puts himself upon the country, and the said plaintiff doth the like:"
which means siniplv that lie will submit this case to a jury. To this
answer a written notice was attached "that the close in question was
the property of the said Hedges, and that he had a legal right to do
what he did."
The case was continued until the April term. 182^, when it was tried
to the following jury, vi/: James Mathers, Jesse (laic. John ('. I)onnel,
\\illiam Foncannon. Smith Kentfield. I'eter Yeaky. K/ekiel Sampson.
Samuel Scothorn. James C'utright. K/ra Brown, Jacob S. Jenning-.
Klisha Clark, "who upon their oaths do say that the said defendant is
guilty in manner and form, etc., and we do assess the plaintiff's dam
ages by reason thereof, at >S.oo. The court entered up judgment i< r
that sum. The costs were >;;(>. 75. This ended the first law-suit ai.d
jury trial in Seneca common pleas.
The point upon which Mr. I ledges was found guilt}', was the 1.1 ;
that, at the time the dam was erected, the land along the right bank ot
the river belonged to the I nited States; had not then been surveyed
nor offered for sale, and Mr. Hedges was not then the owner of the
same.
Mr. Ingraham. who had been appointed sheriff, gave bond in tin
-urn ot >5.ooo. and Kollin Moler, Michael Schaul, Joseph Pool and
l"hn A Rosenberger were his sureties.
At this court. \Villiam ])oyle. from Ireland, was the first per-n
iiaturaii/ed in thi- county.
Mr. SpeiK er became so badlv involved in numerous lawsuits that the
i \c< utiDiis again-t him seem to have swallowed up all his mean-;.
\\henever the weather in winter would permit of <>ut door work,
there was always enough ot il to do. (ireat trouble was otten expe
riem ed by those that had cattle i" take (are of. \\heu the winter-
were opei |ii. a- was ver\ usual then, the < attic i onld imd gr.i-s
,!i tlie wood- and a!n^ the bank- of the stream-: but in \ er\ i old
'.vi liter-, with m u< i . -now. ind : o ha\ on hand. I he poor annuals siniei'i d
\ cr\' tiricli. and were < ompeiled to -;ul>si-l on "browse." which wa> ll:i
'( nder end-> of tn-e top-. The tree- had to be ' ut down for th.ii
j":i"].i . ' i ihi- labor had to be rejieat
l:'o/en -',!-':,. ' \ ver\ hard livin.i; lor
! :'>!!! ''-,: : ' -prin u.
F<M
h'ukct-. or other \ e--el- ! < at< h 'he -':.:. ir watr;. ti ou-h- u : ::. id
ot sarioii- irn^th- .i!id width-, i'lcijn i'0-i'..ir. a-h. -'i_;.ir:. elm.
\\ood. I iy , hoppin- :Tie M..I k- ..t' the
l;n-ui i>n< e : n t\\o. \ d.-h ua- then i !.opp,-d :uto 'h'- ii.r - >:!!
'if the lar_:e-t ui" the-e :i..u_;li- \\.xiM \\><\>\ !;tn wl- ; IAH ^.t':."-.-
!IM'U \\.t^ linrcd iiiin the ->iu.tr live MMiir tlnrr ;<< .ilm\c lu- _;r"';:i'i
.mil ,1 >]i;li-." in. uli- Hi ,1 i)iu- vr.ir'> Drouth !r"!n ,iii i-'nii-r Ifi-K. .n\>
A :lh tlu- |'it!i I.tkrii (Mi:. \va> dn\ rn into the h"lr, ir. t!.r Her. ; .ind-K
the -ap intii tlu tmu^h. I'iie s.iji \\.t-. Ixii'.ed di\\n ;n !.._ ,r"ii k-vi(
^'is|.ende.d on .1 jmie. lield ii]i \>\ two iofk> ti\ed ;n tin _;r"Mtid .t' ,
' oiuenu'in II'I.K e ill tile ^uu.ir ( .imp. I'he time (or th:- work _ ner.tlh
t oinineiit ed in I'ehru.iry. when the !ro-! lie^.in to . onie n' \ th<
Li'oimd and tlie -ap to a-< end. It olteii !a-ted awa\ :<i\\ard- tl:- ia'te
p.iM ot Marc!-., when the Around tro/e hard during the irjh: a!^<
iM.iuid o'i: the loiinwiii;; da\ . 'I'lii- tree/ in.: and tha\\:n_ time w .!
( on-idered _. r ood -uu.ir weather. A- '.he -a|i wa- lioihn^ doun. \}.<
impuritie^ \sere nicely -kiminid olV. and \\hen lh<- sir':p liei.iini-
th;i k a- to eoinnieiK e uTatrilatin j. it wa-> -lirred with a (i.iddle \\!i;n
i'ie sire wa- allowed to L;O iio\\n. I h.o-e that pretened the -i:.;.i: ::
( ,iKr form po'ired the thii k -imp into ::n pan-. \\ln.Mi it 1 .'.me' liav. : i
.'. -hurt time.
1 he tir-'. leu week- nl' tin 1 -u:_ar -ea-on made the he-t -;.;. n
I owards the ia-t ot" the run the -imp retn>cd to granulate, and w.i-
pre-er\fd in that form and an-wered the purpose o! mo!.i--e-.
de< idedh the rii lie^t -weet that nature produi e-. Reader! 1 i. 1 \n'
( ', ( r eat i orn jione \\:th. map'.e mola--e-' It \ ou d.d. ':;e:e :
;:i -a\ : iu an\ ! hi IIL; lu rt her to \ i iu a'l >ou; :'. . I'oiie i '.',< 1 onl\ !
.1 a hut. h o\,-n. \\hi( h ua- an ;;..:: k< ;iie. 'la: a' :!.-
. d. I h , vefl -n . w
HISTORY OK SKNKCA COl'NTY.
to put their troughs into in order to preserve them. Others set up the
troughs' on end and leaned them against the tree, dish side inward.
The writer lias seen good use made of some of these sugar-troughs
in SCUMMY of the year when sugar-water did not run. They were
rocked in the < al>in ol the settler with a sugar lump, in the shape of a
v< ung "I'liickeye," in them. The little fellow was thus not "rocked in
T;e cradle ol the dee])." hut in a suhstitute much safer. Many noble
men am! women, now living in ( >hio. were raised and rocked in these
s;:gar-trough cradles: and the motlier's lullal)y. in the cabin, sounded
;;.- sweet a-, it ever did in the palatial mansion, with plate glass \yindows
.ir.d gilded door-knobs.
It was among the "rural felicities" to see a whole family employed
ir the sugar cam.]) on a pleasant day. some carrying sugar-water, sonic
skimming the simp, others preparing wi>od. eacl) employed at some
thing: and when night came on. the work was so reduced as to require
hut little, if any. attention before the next morning. Some of the
neighbors would visit the camp, spend the evening and have a good
' '.at. Neighbors seemed to think more of each oilier then than the\
do now; at least they visited each other otteiier when the distance, the
V"rk and the weather would permit.
I'he time is last approaching when sugar-making will be considered
,.- a thin- of the past, and the corning generation will not know what a
".u.ir trough looked like. ( >nr forests are passing awav rapidlv. and
i>n there will not be timber enough left to fence the fields or supph
e di-mand lor building and manufa< Hiring purposes. ( >n many larm-
' Senei i county, the little patches of woodland that are left, are
v.'<;\ ;, ore valual)le than the < iearcd land. N'obodx makes calcula
'K- when tlie re \\ill not be wood enough ;n this county to answer the
i 'irpo-es ot tlie lamily for cooking and healing. tc ( say nothing about
t i mber w:t h \\'h i< h to build houses and barns. \\ hy not commence
i'"'\\ t" -' irt . \oung lorest? Take. sa\ live or ten acres at a time.
l! '':>' : ' ', to kci-p out -to< k. i in that part ol a I arm where the wood
'i.. i ,'. '.-.. Mid plant u ith aconis, beech mils, maple seed, or
' \ be i h-si red. It will re> ; u i re 110 mrt her ( a re.
1 - . . resi will ghuldeii the hca rt of tlie owner.
ot li\ e t o see 1.; r:;e t rees u'l'ow thert
the ] uii ha>er \sul' |iav moie !oi' a (arm that has a
. : iwitiL up on ; ' . t lian he will lor one \\ ith out it.
No;." l,r made to picture to the mind ol anybodv. the
'. ' ted upon tin: frontier bv the then great
. There was very little to be had lor any purpose.
Darter .UK! trade was the < <r< ler ni' ; la- <!.i\ . and while :!n> i-\i i:
.ill ri^ht in some respet t>, it would not ,iii>wei !<T "the:-. T.i
not IK- paid in th.it w.iy, .ni'l the iiii-n h.iiiX alter w.i.:.:._ i |.
h.nl in hav.' < .i-h wi th whi( h : i meet ':. \ A \ .; k . ,j
phi. i. U'hcn some pioneer nun ha::'
indispensable tor the In lUsch old. <>: ::' _ ;. :; e-. thr:
money tn bu\ tlu in with. ( >:;<!:. ; -n_ <:><;.- ::;;:
\\'hi-n .1 in. in h.ul ;in\th:n^ to -r!l. :'. !':;;! ;.
could tr.idc it ,i\\.i\ tor sonu'tliin^ hi- \\.'.:r. i-d :r":n !
in. in wanu-d .111 .irtii if irotn .inothrr. ,ind h.id no
it. he paid in \\ork b\ the d.i\ . or agreed :o ('.car - . CM::'.
land tor thr article. Men Inm-lit their < o\\ >. t!ie:r i
that way. < 'orn and wheat were Ihrili-d hy o\ teaniv. _. :
Man-iieid or Portland, now Sand'i^ks ( ity. to 1.,- -,/,; ;,.
\\lieat raided under the dittu ultie> de^i rihcd in a tonner
hauled to a market, trom lorty to sixty nnie- awa\. \\!.ej;r :;
-Ad tor only thirty cents a lui-diel in i a-h. or \,<r ! iiree -'n:;i:n_
wa^ not an article on which tanner^ became rich \ef\ ;a-".
wa the principal market tor wheat, and nian\ a lo.id "! \\
e\< handed there, at three ^hillin^^ a liii^hel. lor s.ilt .; i"i\ ( -
i>arrel. when it took about one week to make the trip.
( iettiiu urindinu i lone at the tew milU there u ere then in t!
.va> attended with c|uallv ure.it luird^h.ip. A::er tlie i ' \ \1
the lir>! ward ot I'itlin. \v,i> put up. tanner- IP>IM ( "rau !.ird.
and Marion i ount ie> t ame here to ^et t he: r _ r:--' - ^ !:.:, i;Tvi
filteeii. twenty, or more team^ waited their turn r.d . im;
week, u ; t h the t a 1 1 1 : 1 \' at home on small a i ! >^ . \ < : i . or ;
iu'i ad a: all.
To relate all the tn mble- and ini ' >\\\ i. M - ' ':.
; ! i i i ' to. u 1 1 ' 1 1 d r e 1 1 u i r e \ o 1 U n i e > , am! - < < : . :
:.d w '. h. was ;he malarious d:-e i-< -. i \\-
_:r""!id ua- co\ered with wat. r and d.
r i \ e i and the i reeks were < ! . . _ _ e d '.\ i ' ! i d :
iie.uer dams -et the water ha< k, ihe:eb\ t ,
.\hiie i a t s w a m p -. as 1 1 1 e \ \\ e r e 1 1 1 l-i i '
There were terrible th;< kets and ";n^-
kind- urowi:i_ on r;< h, l>o^u\ soil.
Tlie forest ln.-ld the moist air with a
> ! 4 I!1SK)K\ 01 SI.NI.CA COl'NTV.
miasma, produced by the heat ot a summer's MIU. and thu> held in the
humid air and breathed conMantlv. tended to corrupt the blood and
deraime thr functions ol the li\er. Fever and a.uuc. and bilious levers
were vcr\ common, and men were often seen standing on the street on
a hot MI miner day, pale as death, with overcoats on. buttoned up to the
< lii n. their hands in their pockets and shaking so that their voices
trembled. The chill \\as alwavs followed by a fever, and when that
was passed, the patient was all ri^ht a^ain ur.til next da\ . or dav alter.
The i hills returned a^ain at regular intervals, either ne\t day. or every
other da\. People seemed to uet u<ed to them, and some were no;
reduced much by the chills, wliile oilier-., and eM>ei ially people trom
|-'.urope. suffered very much more trom these diseases. In general,
those of Kuropean Buffered more than those of American birth. Many
a -tout, robust man was reduced to a walking skeleton in a short time.
Yet this lexer and a^ue was not considered dangerous to lite. It was
exceedin^l'v troublesome, nevertheless. especially when whole families
were taken with it at the same time. It was a >ad scene to come, or
be tailed, into a house and see a lar^e family, voting ami old, in their
beds, some shaking, and others burning with fever, and not one of
them able to help the other to a cup ot water. The onlv i ase where
death en-ued trom these (hills that ever came to the notice of the
writer, was that ot an old (lerman who lived on South leffer.soii street,
in Tiftin. and who died shaking in his chair.
The most serioiis aspect ol these malarious diseases, however, was
the various bilious fevers that often defied the skill and < are of the
ph\ sii iaiis. and frequently p'ro\ ed fatal. The terribh. heat in fever, the
parched tongue. th,e delirium, followed b\ extreme |irostration: and
th- n tl'.e remedies, such as calomel, ipecac, jalap. Peruvian bark.
quinine, i astor oil, et< .. etc.. all diseases and remedies \\ere simply
horrible. Some summers were more si<kiv than others, but for main
ve.n's. ;uid until the < i>untrv became partialK cleared up. there \\\i> no
summer without this terrible visitation.
< >}.' how '.he pi-ople waited and prayed for the < runinu of tall, and
or !h. lifsl sharp fr.iM. \ -ood bla< k iVfi-t. that killed the lea\e. and
mail' 'lie 'jr iss i rash under your leet. i;eneral!\ put a -lop to this m<>i;
-.; (';!;.: n' < >\\\. 'I he air bei aiue pui'ei' and mon br.Kinu. and it \s\is
\ c'-\ . tin faces i if all. returnim.: hope and, i heer.
\\ he' 1 ' ' ' o! medicine, as a si nil! i . lias made ! he pn >:_:)' e->s
' .a' ,' s i : e\ . . ' - claim ) or it, \\' ill not In argued here: but one t h ini:
1 1 s t i e r : , d i 1 1 e d . \' i / : t h a t a L; r e a t < h a n ^e h a s i 1 1 n i e o \- e r 1 1 1 e
'-earn- ol the pnu t itioncr. The poor patient is m>\\ allowed the tree
-' <>! \\atrr. Tin- tin- j.ra< l;< r. !..it\ r n:t\
nisrd. 1 ! \\ a- -ii:!|>!\ i i :<] : > '.> ';.
I'iiiiL; t' >r \vatrr 1 1 > rrl:r\ - !. MI. .!
. .".lil HI it .illi 'W it. 1 : \\ < end i ;i , .;, ,
in. .uul all ilia: -n ! IM'I-- u- ; . : - I '. ; '... \ -.\ ,
; | . 1 n 1 1 1 . u 1 n i i hi- 1 1 1 1 \ -. 1 1 . 1 1 | H . ,\
i.iMj^r a U'\^ v <Mr- h.i\r lr <>>]_;!.; ii'!' |i \ '
: .)>(. in -iiimn<T. thr .irtu-li- l;.i-> !* ,' jii-t. i .'- \v i\
; :i rr it has pi'i ivrti In >t !i a !u\ur\ ,n;i{ >. (>
': i. \Nftl all tlu' UT^!I \\.I!IT ti:r\ \\a:: ;. ar,'! !i. -
; iiriiu ^ill\ .itnl.
i Mir U'.lMU'i' in c,i>r-- i'I ->hak:!i_: a_".r. \\i:i .
, w r \ i !' . a 1 1 1 1 \v h 1 1 h > i i' i n > 1 1 1 > \\ ', : k < a -> l : i n _; < j :
, mil iiu-il lu-rr. It \va> c.ilK-d llu- i:'i;:_;r\
, ;. i> thr i IrilU 1 >r_;an t i i iTcji down :!:< ii.n k.
, - h i \ I 1 r ; 1 1 u t < ' > i n 1 1 u n i a , t ! u 1 1 a t ; t 1 1 ' u a - t
'.r'itr. and < mild cat \\itli a \\ndrMn! raj.ai i;
, hard that the \ irt'iaU :.!! in mi hi- k ;!;:. l^rk
-- thrtii !> h:- ni'iiitli. It niadr had. u,!;-,;-.
i* ;"i i|!< >\\ o! ^MI h a --liakr, altri' r.i':n_. -> -nird
ln-.ld.U hr nil )I'r i 1 1-; !'r >--;!!_;.
i ': . 1 1 1 1 1 1 . - 1 1 1 1 ; 1 1 \\ 1 1 -^ 1 1 : ] > . < >\\ a c i < \ \ i ; r . > }>.< < > j . . ; ;
:'r, -utYrn-d !>>> N\ it'll thi- pia^'ir th.an a;;\
a;\ . Iii aii l!u- nthri' j >v\ ; >;:- uf *,::, . a
- rr^a I'd \s 1 - a 1 ii ill! I hr - Ulir.
i 1 \va> ,n '!:r-.-- tr\in_; tinir-- that t h' >':--and--
; i \ a \ a : i i . hnt 1 > \ . t ! i - < > 1 1 1 ' < . - : i ID in r - - . : \ .
. a n a N . tin- ' < n 1 \ ] > 1 1 ! > 1 ; < u > r k > : lir 11 i'n ' :. - : i
vr innnr\ . ..riM l- had t.ir '. , '.,.:. |- ua- i
!,, : ) lr;t hi- iM'lr our- in thr . a:r a: .i . !i u.
_n - \t\ m.ir > Di' nil n'r In >m !: MI:-
i \\ i n'k mi t hr i anal and :::;-! ' . ::.
I l'.r\ \\nr
. ' > : ' '' i 'i ' t h r , \\ i i T - ' ' ; t :
210 HISTORY OK SKNKCA COUNTY.
than was absolutely necessary, llcds and bedding were ot the same
character. With a temporary change of clothing, the men brought
their blankets with them. A woolen blanket was a better protection
against the mosquitoes at night than any other covering. These pests
in warm weather tormcd into a sort ot a cloud around their victims,
day and night.
It is scarcely possible to find a place anywhere in the world better
tilted to produce malarious diseases, than was the country at that time
doim the line ot" the I >a\ ton and Michigan canal, and especially along
the Anglai/e. the Maumee and the \Vabash in Indiana.
As the work progressed and the distance to and from the cabins
increased, they were abandoned and new ones constructed near the
works, in the same crude way. \\ hisky was cheap in those days, and
in very common use. They had no temperance societies then, and
every man was constituted a committee ot one to mind his own busi-
ness: nor had chemistry discovered the art of stretching or adulterating
the article with poisonous drugs. Men who could allord the expense
kept whisky by the barrel in their houses, and it was simply in con-
formity with the general idea ot hospitality, then in vogue, to have the
bottle and glass set before one when visiting a neighbor. There were
then less drunkards, in proportion to the number of inhabitants, than
there are now. and the pimpled cheek bones and rum-blossomed nose.
so prevalent now among those who drink whisky habitnallv. were not
seen then.
\'er\ often men had to work standing in water all dav. There were
no rubber bouts to be had then, and to avoid getting sick and to keep
iwav the 'shakes." it was thought necessary, by both cmplovcr and
employes, that men should drink whisky so manv times a dav. In
conformity \\ith this generally conceded necessitv, it was made a part
of the i ontract with the laborer that, in addition to his pay. he should
receive i ol whiskx so many times a day three times, geiier
dlv. The "boss" kept a barrel of it on hand, and it a man wanted
ninr tal allowance lie could have it bv paying for it- t went \
These whisk)' rations were called "'jiggers." a very tamiliar term
ah>n_ l! ' cai ds. I am \\: aware. howe\er. thai the whisk)' secured
: 'i: 1 doubt it very much, tor those that drank vvhiskv
UK -iik as \ve!l as those that did not. At times there were >n
nuin\ ivorkmeii sick in their < abnis that less than halt of ihcm
atiswi ;vi : at r< ill call.
It i- a most wonderful fact, that at all times, among all races of men.
i HI- II \ HI >\V \l \I>K.
ami in all countries, sim c the tinu- <>\ N.>,ih, who "planted the
\;ne." people have had their be\ erases o| some >..rt. !:<JM:-. . j .
'hin^s that stupefied or intoxic ated. I r \\.i:it <: [i*Hi>$is tlu-\ r< -or:,
_unis, opium or hasheesh. ,t _;um prodm <>: ip-m :;.< exud.r . <i, -
ea\ es and Blocks dt hemp, the sm<>k.;._ o; \sh . :. . , .;:!. . ;, t >
<\<-.i<\\\ stupor, 1 nit fiiN tin- !H-\\ ililciTil 111:11-! \\ ':.-,. . ;,-
-Mlicrnatnral >i rnr-. uh:K- it iirra'k-, ijuwn .1:;.'. ].[-
-y>u-in il thr pour victim, ami ^ra> lu.il; \ ilr-tr-i\ j -.. |; i
l'a\ li n '> 'l'ra\ i - U in I iiilia. ]
AloiiL; the river >y-ti-iii-> nl South .\IIHT;I a. .1!- >iu ''' ' :
!<io Nc^ro. the Item-/, the Madeira, the K .. . i :< :, :. ; !. \1 .i_.!.i'..- :u
Matrede I >io> and other trihutane-- of the \nia/on: anl':;i'!n ::i.
'.aiiis iVom I'arma. through Ay;i'm ho. ( 'a/ ( o. ( 'm haliamli i. i!.
! ike> Titlicai a and ( >huro. throughout the di-^trii t-. oi \ un^a-, \ .:.>.,
;:id Mai,'o-, alon^ the toot o! tile Illiman: and >orata, tin !:;
;;ha!>itinu' these regions. neai'l\ all in al>je<t po\ert\ ,111,; :i^tV<.. v r;,j
ami so degraded that their tspe is -, ( ,ii'< e!\ trai eabie. \< .d! i ;a.!
!o ha\e been des< ended from the once noMe Im ,t-, make .t heve
of their own that heats them all. <M late \cars, ihe niniurel u:
-I'eriniaiis, I'.ra/illians. Spaniards and I'ortimuese ;h,tt mituied
nter married \\:th them. ha\e also adopted this re\(i!:in_; South A 1
ic.m vice.
Alou_ tlu-se rivers and mountains, to j ( ertain di^rei
tound a hush with ver\ ! hn k. lie shy Sea\ es. n -eml'i:n^ : n ^ /, >.".,[ ,
:he laurel. I hesc leaves are ^atliered \\hen ;he\ i:e !H,M~.; ..! \
carried to the hut. where the lamih . yoimu and old. i iii \\ '^'te.jji !:::
pit them into some \ at or vessel li\ed tor ;ha: : -'::p. i < : \\h.
mother i > lilleil ni like maniiei', aiid so .j;i. u !.':', t'.i > <"<
he rei jnisi te < plant it \ ;s >ei ured. I !.< -
undistur! ied tor several \\eek-. tor ;h,- iciin n' '
when that ceases and some o| the e'.e!i;r;i -
o ; 1 1 e r s i i . i \ < a i < u m u i a t e d on i < i p . t ! i e
.1 raw n oif into ju^s oi earthen u .11 e. 1 ;. \.t\<:
t ;oii o! \}\}- li. piot . a ( ei tain p;an: .'\ . - re.
lor taxes troiii tin- -.ale of it. -o : !. i 1 t n ' .:
i i pl'i idui e. 'I'llls li.plor is { ailed, "i lilt h i." ;
:he luisli thai 1'irnishes the leal :-- a'.!< d !>!!j " '' U
the hush L;ives the name to the h.juor. or ':.' '.''.<. I' 1 :-!.. <
not appi'ar, nor is it \crv material.
\\luui ( hicha making is o\ei', the Ind.aiis ii| ( <. :;a;;i tr:;i
allowed to touch a drop ot' it until the < ir.el li.is i;., d;;;-,k >' .'. '
JlS HIsioKV OK SKNKCA (.'OfNTV.
< >n ;i certain dav each family brings a certain quantity of fhe liquor to
tlir council -house, where, after a short ceremony over it. the chief takes
his fill: then the next in authority, then the next, and so on. until the
officers are all supplied. Then the common rabble tall in. and a i^eti
eral drunk ends the festivities.
( )f late years, since mai/e came into use in South America, a chicha is
made by masticating the grains in the same way as the leaf, but the liquor
made from corn is said to be inferior to that made from the chic ha
b'ish: both, however, make people mosf beastly drunk. Think of it
a lot of old squaws, with decayed teeth, chewing leaves or corn and
^pitting them into a tub to make liipior of ! The saliva produces the
simar that foments into alcohol and assists the work of fermentation.
[See Humboldt's Travels in South America, and Ilerndon and (lib
boils' Explorations of the Sources of the Ama/on. The writer's mind
recurred to this circumstance when he thought as to the probable
origin of the word "ji^'ers." and reflected whether or not the word
chicha" mi^'ht possiblv ha\e become vulgari/ecl or Amcrieani/ed into
this "iig-x'r."]
The work on the canals commenced as early in the spring as the
weather would permit and the frost was out of the ground, and was
prosecuted with a will ilntil aloni; in luly. when the laborers broke
down with bilious diseases, and the work had to be abandoned in con-
sequence, until alter the tew first early frosts in the tall, when it was
au r ain re-Mimed and pushed forward into the winter.
I Miring the time tl'ie lather was at work on the <anal and the mother
with her little ones alone in the cabin, miles away from neighbors, no
doctor to call to assistance 1 in case of sii kne-^. no one to counsel or
help in time of" need, the trials and imidenN <>\ such a life lead the
contemplative mind to sad and serious meditation. Let us try to
forget scenes like these, for they will never occur a^ain.
A -hort hi--tor\ of :he < )hio canal s\stem mi.Liht be made interesting
here, would -p.u e only permit: but to -i\e the reader a bird's-eye vicv.
iif it. it- origin. n>e an-1 progress, its ima! triumph, the excitement !i
produced in :!,' political world, the suci .-ss and deteat of men aspirin.;
to offn e dcpi-i pon the \va\ the\ -tood on the < anal i|iiesfion, the
railroad^ i "i n 1 1 1 \ > 1 n \ i n u the < a n a K into the back u r o u n 1 1 . e t < . . w o u 1 d
in ike i small \olume b\" itself. A >hor! syuojisis. and extract- Irom
I'epoi't- and jiapers pertainniL; to the h'-'or\ ol tlie ( >hio ^ anaK, must
her
i \ \ \ i - \ - 1 1 \:
Mi.mii ainl Km- \\liirli unite m-ar 1 >eiiaiii . anil MII-II
l'.r> l'\ a "'I'liiiii'in Irnnk. miiM hi! an :mj'": ;.n,' \>.c^>-
'-.I \alual i|c iua\ In- tin- laiirnaiK Inn!; l"!i_: ai;i-!v\.i:
M c raiiaU ha\c iii'ciiarcil the \\a\ . -e;Mei| Iln-
\\ ;Mi I >i-\Vii ! ( 'liniuii. \\ h' ' u i> ; :.
! 1 1 . - -j ; i j 11 r I' - 'it ; h i -;.t!c MI N u N.I:-.. . ;
ii > idi i .ui.ii ; ' i i ' iMiifi ; tin 1 \s.i!i r- :
- MI ri\ rr.
!u- K'-i-l.i'Miv ..! < lii... in lTl,r;.i:'s. i V.
li Mirer i i >m in ;>>,! MR- r- \\ t fr .i]i]>);n;:-ii
i i . i : i . 1 1 ! 1 1 ; u r r : i 1 . i k r 1 . r n . i n i t ! i < ' ' ! : .
iM-tl in ,i-k nl ( 'i IP, ^ IT .1 m'.iii! or .;:: iiif
till' Mi>' ]I;:JM i->r. IIM; iii>M:;ii_; \\.i-- .n i 111 j !.
- . ; ; . i i _ 1 1 !' . 1 1 . 1 1 i i ! r i > - . I ' r i r 1 1 1 1 1 < r i \. i S i S .
\\i- \\nil!i| l;ii>i- Jin- i'li;ir;ii-tcr nt mil >'iitr li\
- .1 \\cli e-l ,i 1 'i ; -lid I t;ii '1. MuiI 1 1 i.i 1 1 \\.i--
'. i-\ ;nicf vii ^ale. ea-\ ali'l i hc;ii'. a- ralia!
,11 1 \ a li I a '^i "I c;i^s .11, i| c \ ["' 1 1 1 !"! i> iraii^i'
' i ! \ fil \\ hen |ii'ii-c> aic h iuh .1 h'l i i .n ii' Hi"-
M. . lia i !" c\ i-i \ pel --"II "! i ili-i-i \ at i"ii. M.al ;!.
a-jc li.^- 1 1 ci| in-lit l\ i-"ii-n ni'-i I iii-.ii !'
--i n! la i ' '- MM- ' -it vi- in i cl.i: i"ii i" .1 ! '. ' "Mini"'
' ., i c. n:" -; "i v. liii-li \\ i!! !: ; i .n .1 .1 ; ! ' i
- "ii in- haml-. Tin- :,,.:
| lire n|' I In i'i ilin! 1 \ . liliij : 1: _; ;! a I.'
!;'!: ;ini| '! "Hi- in t ': .>'. ar. i
\\ a-I "ii Mi- lii'M Mia! ): "'1 n- i MfHii
220 HISTORY OK SKNKCA COUNTY.
( )n the ^ist day of January, 1822. a bill was passed appointing lienj.
Tappan. Alfred Kelley, Thomas Worthington, [eremiah Morrow. Isaac
Miner and Kbenc/er Buckingham, Jr. commissioners, ' Whose duty it
shall be to cause such examinations, surveys and estimates to be made
by engineers, etc.. to ascertain the practicability of connecting lake
Krie with the Ohio river, trom the Ohio river to the Maumee river bv
a canal through the following routes, vi/ : from Sandusky bay to the
Ohio river, trom the Ohio river to the Maumee river, trom the lake to
the river aforesaid by the sources of-thc Cuyahoga and I'dack rivers
and the Muskingum river, and trom the lake to the sources of (irand
and Mahoning rivers to the ( )hio river."
( )n the 2;th day ot lanuary. 1X23, a supplementary act was passed
with a view of connecting the lake with the Ohio river, and also of
ascertaining whether a loan could be secured lor that purpose, thus
making in fact the canal commissioners also the fund commissioners.
DeWitt Clinton, in a letter to Williams, says :
Tlic state of ( )liin. from the fertility <>f its soil, tin- benignity of its climate
and its geographical position, must always contain a dense population, and
the products and consumptions of its inhabitants must forever form a
lucrative and extensive inland trade,, exciting the powers of productive
industry and communicating aliment and energy to extend commerce, lint
when we consider that this canal will open a way to the great rivers that
fall into the Mississippi: that it will lie felt, not only in the immense valle\
ot that river, but as far west as the Korky mountains and the borders of
Mexico; and that it will communicate with our great inland seas, and
iheir tributan rivers: with the ocean in various routes: and with the
most productive regions of America, there can be no question respecting
the blessings that it will produce, the riches it will create, and the energies
it will call into act i\ it > .
In 1824. a survey was made lor a canal trom ('incinnati along the
Miami valley to ihe Maumee river at I)efiancc. thence along the left
bank of the same to the bay. and an estimate thereof reported to the
legislature. Mr. Williams directed the survey and tor ten years there
after was the leading spirit ot the enterprise. Samuel Forrcr was the
iie. id D| the ' orps of engineers. More than one hall of this route was
through a den-' tores! : there was not mie house between St. M;ir\-
the mouth ol the Auglai/e.
i in the 2.Sth day of May. 1X28. the President of the I'niled States
appro\ ed ,111 a< i ot ( 'on gress, granting to Ohio a < jiiantity ot land. e< pial
to one-halt ol live sections in width on each side of the canal, from
I)ayton to the Maumee river at the mouth of the Auglai/e. reserving
ea h alternate section to the I'niled States, and the lands thus
CHAPTER XV.
SANDUSKY RIVER -THE WOLF CREEKS SILVER CREEK HONEY CREEK
ROCKY CREEK SPICER CREEK MORRISON CREEK-SUGAR CREEK-GEN-
ERAL DRAINAGE TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY OF THE COUNTY.
A HISTORY of Seneca county would be an utter failure without a
record of the nature of its soils, its sub-stratum, its drainage, etc.
It requires a mind learned in the science of geology to enable a person
to speak intelligently on the subject. Fully conscious of his inability
in that respect, the writer has drawn largely upon the "Report of the
Geological Survey ot Ohio," made under a law passed by the General
Assembly of Ohio, in March. 1869. by which the Governor of Ohio
was authori/ed, by and with the advice of the Senate, to appoint a
( hiet geologist, and one or more assistants, not exceeding three in
number, who were to constitute a geological corps, and whose duty was
to make a complete and thorough geological, agricultural and mineral-
"gical survey of each and every county in the state. The >e< ond
^ection of said act defines the object ot said survey, vi/: To ascertain
the geological structure of the state, including the dip. magnitude,
'lumber, order and relative position ot the several strata, their richness
in coals, clays, ores, mineral waters and manures, building stone and
"ther useful material. To ^ecurc accurate chemical analyses ot the
-oils, etc. To ascertain the local causes thai prodm e variation.-. <M
i 1 1 mate ;u the- th Herein M.-< lions o| tin. 1
'ires, soil-., fossils, oranic rema
priau-d i<
'! the Mill'
; : \ i \ was ' ' ' (
r: \ \v,i- appointed < hiel geologist, and I
(i 1. II. Klippart assistant geologist.. S
. local a .-i--!ants.
ire. and will be. published in limited numbers only.
'M>! tin; trw oi tho iv.idor^ "t tho-i- p.i^i - \\.il !>., :!u ii\\:n i- ./; '.
I'hoV will In- \oi\ i.ir^i- and l>'i:k\, a
' find ;ho material do-^rod l^r m;r |>'.;i[, '| ':,. ;., ..;.; ir.id-:
'."iiii sim c have lu-rii i a'lod in !K> la'/m-f-. ! -:at< : < ; ; .
a^am a]i|i<;nt a iur| < >\ _: ; _: a! on_:;m-or- ;\i ^ir. -.
( Miii at an i-\i>iMii- i >i huni Iroi- ->i ;!. I'l-ainl- -: -:.'. i: - I ;.a f j..ii T .
I!K-^C rrjniri^ n-ti-rriiiL; !<> tlir a-^rn ultural ii. pa: ru.t :.: . ':.
ili-t nl/iiu-d a> \ ct.
In \'icw ill all thi-^i- lai ! --. I la- lar^i-r \>< irt .> >n i ii !'[);> > i.a 1 : ;' .-- iii-\ >'.> >\
tn this intrri. ->t ;n_r >'ili|r( t. l.c! u^ lmk a; Snin a i-.nt\ linn; I!.:
>t.inljiiiint.
It !< slali-t! :M a !i irnuT haj >t'T ( 'ha| >. X. ; hat tin- !>a>- l-iiif*- l >: in :._
'. iu- ^t nit h Inir oi >-, ;HM .1 i i ''in: \ i- tin- !< 'i"! \ iir>: tli-^i'i > ;.'!. l.\' .::
I ir.ii <>n !iu- niaj- -ctit>n :!.;rt\ <im- in I .'ion !"\\ii>h:]'. ami r;n .\
;'nu;iT :;p tii M.-( tiiin nnirtt-rn in ('hnt'iii. <luo ii'irth. \\'; l :ih .
:mli-> tr'iin tin- ha>i- lino, ami yon !ja\r !hr latitmif "! I ittin. .}'. . ; \
nt' thr O'|iiat'ir. ami !'in_;ituilo 'i .s' \\.nt' NN'a^liin^tun. I itnn > ;!> .
I'-rc So in:io^ in irtli Hi I 'i )luinliii>. ar.i 1 ; ; niilo- -< >ut h\\ <--! l >amiu^k\ .
I horo aro ju^t twolvo ranuo^ lu-twr^n the ur-i liiu- nt >i iu > a ami tin
~- T a!o nt Indiana, lioinu t>\\: ;j inilr>.
S<TH-I a ' i >'int\ i- In mndod "ii tho -o;ith \>\ tin- < untio- < <i (' \\\.\\ \\<\
. ml U'yan.l'.t: .m tho wv-t l.\ Ham ... k and W. ...!.
>amlu^ky, and 'Hi tho oa-t l>v llnrmi. lt> K-n^t!: and uidth air
do>i I'i'hod ;n ( liaji. \. !'^ --I'.ajio i> a m :aim ! iiar paraiifli i^r.iin. > < <'
ta.nin.,' nttcon t' i\\ !i-hi] P-N.
\ \ I 1 K \ I I K \ 1 \ \ i , I .
Ttio Sandu-k\ ri 1 . or. r".nn:n_ thi'i ':_!: '.\:>- .-;:.; \ :;,,-M : : .; -..:':
' ; i m i r ; h . < 1 1 \ : d o N i ; n i , > \ \\ , . n i a r ! \ o ; : a 1 ;.::-..'.:
2?4 HISTORY OF SF.XECA COUNTY.
into Seneca, where it keeps on its course alon.LC the eastern tier of
>ections in Seneca township, and enters section 36 in Hopewell; taking
a straight northward direction, it turns northeastwardly and enters
section K> in Clinton, passes through Tiftin. runs through sections 17.
i) and s in Clinton, enters section ^j in Pleasant, where it makes many
turns in all directions, and finally leaves the county in the northeast
corner of section ^ in Pleasant.
The various branches of \Volf creek start near the southern line of
the count), west ot the river. the eastern branch running almost par
alel with the river throughout the count}'. A short distance north of
the north line ot Seneca count}' the several branches ot \Voll < reek
unite, and. taking a short turn eastwardly. immediately enter the river.
There seems to be a water shed all alon.u the east line ot the count}
of Seneca that sends its waters westward into the Sandusky. Hone}
creek and Rock}' creek both run in a westerly direction about twelve
miles, without taking into account their meanderin^s. when the}' run
-.outhwest about six miles, then turn northwest, and in that direction
enter the river. Ilonev creek takes up Silver creek near the northeast
corner of section 24111 Kden, from an easterly direction, and enters the
Sandusky in section ^d in llo]>ewell. Rocky (reek enters the river at
Tiftin in section i<;. in ('lintoii: Willow creek and Morrison creek llow
into the Sandusky in section 17. in Clinton: Spicer creek mouths into
tile Sandusk}' in section ^S in Pleasant, and Su^ar creek in section _"_'
of tlie same townshi]). In this township two >mall brooks --rain water
creeks --each about one mile Ion:,', enter the river trom the let! bank.
Six creeks enter the river from the east, within fifteen miles irom the
ii,:-e line. Thus i; is seen that Seneca county is \\ell watered.
This peculiarity in the southern bends o! boih Ilonev creek and
kot k \ creek is in it con lined i o this county, and ma v be due to the halt -
:;:_: retreat of the -lacier. when ihrouin- do\\u the unmodified drill
. . nitila ! ion--. \\ h 1 1 h !urt her \\ e- 1 and a! iowi r le\ els. were
' to d ' the drainage Irom the general ( otirse oi the
\ . , i}' be i i unpared to ;hi e\i eiuU'd moraine whu!
'- St. M;;i'\- and the \\aba-h r:\.-r- ii'oin their mostdire(!
1 . ; < . ah iii^ their up] n r \'. aters.
l'lea-.ant. the iMMiu-Mi !i.i!f :' l|..-,-u '. uid a -ma'.l p.ir 1 I ...:.-:;.
present the pc< uliar features ,.i !,, . L. ..;. :. ...;i
liu- V.a^ara lime-tune r>e-. ;;: \\;<;<- ;:.;;:. .;.-. i '-,..-. '-..- -:::.[. i-
D! I lu- drill. ;ir,d i- as i'i < i \niil \ -\\'\ '. '. \\ ."'.. >ai.d\ .n :nt'i!.i > ."n>
and liDuldefs as in < mint:-. - fur'her ii"i f ':. I -IK: i- \ th-->c :-iwsi
>h:ji>. c 'thrrui^f, i-s \cr\ ila;. I ii< i'-ni.i.:. '}.< > i-.:.^. \vr-t !
tlif >ai.ilu-k\ ri\iT. a> \\<-il .1- tlu- : >\\ n-:.: ; >: < ,.:,-: .1;..! l.iii-i: n
tlu- i-a>t. i> L'iitirr!\ \viihiiut -r.i h 'MIH-^:- : i-\ . uid tin- -'in.nr.
ui.cn n- it liruki-i! l>\ drai;:a.;r \alh-\-. .- _: '!\ :;::';-i; .' n_ '1 :.
part t>i tiu- ' "!Hi;\ i- ( iin^!>iiTa!l\ Minn-
\\ I'-'crti. and the ^MMai r i- i liarai 'rr:/cd a' >!!< r ;\ '"!:_'-; ; ; iiinM-
< M;>:I irral i!r ui'.i'.ula! ! >n>. whii h ha\r r::r innii. '.'-r\ ;'('. ! ;.''._'>.
c\cnl\ i'i\iTid li\ drill. nini;;n_ al't>nt !; >\ f ln-a>; aui - '::!. \\ -:. l'!r.>
Lii'i-atiT i-!i-vat:i'ii i>, due tn ;lu- greater re- -.t.un * .: 'In- <:!..:! .!:.
Lint -:< 'in- ID ; hr !D|-I es i if :lii.- ^l.n ial c\<- >< h. \\<i\ \< > ':j'iu-a\ a!. a> inan\
tatiiy: \vlnlr the nn^inal inec jiialit:e> ;:i the dr:tt >':::tie luxe ':...-!,
iin reaped hy the LTD^IDII D] -,treain> 1'here are -;;i'.. e\e:i .:. tiu- ra-t
ern poi'tinn Dt" the cnunty. ilat tracts \\ here the ilr.i.n.u.- >" >'.".
that the wa-hiii^- irdn the hiil side- !ia\e le\ eied Up the \<>\\>-\ _r.>'::;d-
with aliu\'!.d and inar-h\ a i uinulat :mi-. In -u> h i a-i-*:{:!Vi '.'-\ated
dn't -kni>ii> are ^ra\ eiiy. a I'M! -Imu > < a-ii iiia! l>Dulder-; In;: \\\ tin- Ir\ el
trait whii h h.i- lieen filled. HD lxnilder>. <n~ even ^:'iie- D; a;;\ k;i'.d.
The streams are bounded l>y a llood plain and a -.:,_'.e terra, e I he
latter, in case oi the smaller streams. > nut uell denned, espei :a!I\
where 'd:e general suilaie is n<>! ilat. Th.e :"!i"\\ .:._ '. ._ : .'- ' ''"
terrace. al)ove the Bummer -la^e ot the t:\er, \\.-ri- a-- e i.:..-d \>\
I.DI ke\ level:
!'.ig Spring township, the whole country is in a tillable ci
Hence, it is settled with a class of intelligent and prosperous farmers,
who keep the land generally under constant cultivation. The original
forest, which is now to a great extent removed, embraced the usual
variety of oak. hickorv, beech, maple, elm. ash. poplar and walnut.
The rocks that underlie the county have a general dip towards the
east. Hence, the Niagara limestone, in the western portion of the
county, is succeeded by the higher formations in regular order in trav-
eling east. They are the water limestone, the Onskanv sandstone,
the Lower (.'ornitenms. the I'ppcr Corniferous. the Hamilton shale.
and the Huron shale, or black slade. The eastern boundary ot the
Niagara enters the counlv a littk' east of (Ireen Spring, in a south-
westerly direction, and crossing the Sandusky river at Tittin. it turns
westward nearly to the center of Hopewell township, where it again
turns southwest. and leaves the county at Adrian. All west "I this line-
is underlain by the Niagara, which is not divided into two belts, as in
Sandiiskv and Ottawa counties. The strip of the waterlime which
separates it in those counties, probably just indents the northern line
ot the count}' in 1'leasant, township. The outcropping edge ot the
I'pper ('orniferous is the only other geological boundary that can be
dehmtcly located. Those on either side are so obscured by the drill.
that their located positions on the map must be regarded as conjectured.
In general, however, the waterlime underlies a strip along the eastern
side o! the Niagara area, about live miles in width on the north, but
widening to nine miles on the south. The Lower ("orniferous underlies
the western part ol I '.loom and Scipio townships, and the eastern part
oi Adams. The I pper ('orniferous occupies the most ol Thompson
and Keed townships, the western portion of Venice, and the eastern
portion of Illoom and Scipio. The Hamilton and the I'.lack shale have
i)i>t been seen in out < rop in the < oiintv. but arc bebe\ed to underlie a
small area in ttie southeastern portion oi the county. The I'.lack shah
mas' 1 -cell in the valley of Slate Run. Norwich town-hip, in Huron
'<' si-rtioii />. in a little creek. No dip discoverable. In section
i' 1 " i ' ridge is crossed, and slightly excavated by the railroad.
( e!it so gentle the grade rises over it. N. \V. ; _ ( of section
S. \\ . . nt' MM ::,,n (. |t
\vr-! n!' llu- S. i .
So tii in ;. hah .1 m:!r < : ; >
t'nc \\ ,->[ 1 ir.uii li i if \\ ill i r<
\\' < > t .
SIM [1D11 1 \ i' >!!_;'. !'-C i .! -:
\. i:. .. .,!' MM ti..n _'S. \. \\
lir.un |. ,,!' \\ ,,ir , ivi-k. -i-rtiju
l.ri.Ui--. >. \\ . : , in M-. !i,.n
.;... ill \\ i'!:' rivrk. S. \\. .
thl. k 1),-,N. UNO! l.y Mr. C,.M)i
,1;;. f N. L. \. \V. sc. ti-
N i > r ' 1 1 u~ r > I i j 1 1 ; i" i i' lit -. <. i I ',<}]} i
r.i-t . _;i.t( i.il -i r.it< !n-^. -M 1'ith ;<p
In llu- l.r.i M!' tlu- rivrr at K-
_r.unr< !. iiln: >)i linn-Mi un- ha-' I
1 lilt i iu ;n_ in it- hanlnr a:
on tliis exposure will show the undulations in the' dip of the beds, and
the manner of the oceurrenre of the tossiliferous beds, which have by
some been regarded as a distinct member of the I'pper Silurian al>ove
the Niagara. They make. here, a sudden appearance within the form-
ation. ha\ ing hori/ontai continuity with the more usual hard. gray, and
thick- bedded Niagara, which contains fewer fossil remains.
A>cending the river from section 21). in Pleasant township, glacial
furrows. S. 44 \\ '.. the dips of the Niagara were observed, together
with the water lime formations to some distance southwest of Tiffin,
varying iron; three to eighteen feet in all directions, and resulted thus:
Total southwest dip S; ft. 10 in.
Total northeast dip 33 ft.
Actual southwest dij) of the formation 54 ft. 10 in.
From this it appears that the Niagara limestone, especially the
uppermost, fifty-live feet. is. in general, a gray crystalline, rather fine-
grained, compact, or slightly visicular and unfossililerous mass: and that
the fossiliferous parts are rough and visicular, of a light butt color, apt
to crumble under the weather, and not horizontally continuous.
The green shale, which in Sandusky county represents the Salina,
has nowhere been seen in Seneca count}'. The only place within the
county where the junction of the Niagara and waterlime has been
observed, is in the quarries at Tiffin, within the corporate limits. A
few rods above the iron bridge on Washington street, a quarry has been
opened in the left bank of the Sandusky which may be designated
as quarry No. i. The Niagara shows in a broad surface exposure, over
whirl) the river spreads, except in its lowest stage. The quarry has not
penetrated it. but the overlying water lime beds have been stripped off,
showing a se< iion of 12 feet in their beds, belonging to phase No. 3.
This lies conformablv on the Niagara, so tar as can be seen, the sepa-
rating siirfa< e presenting no unusual flexures or irregularities. The
only trai e of the >alina is in the tendency of the color and texture of
the Niagara toward-* those of the water lime, visible through its last
s blui-h drab, porous, crvstalline. with some
immediatclv into a bluish
ri.uht hank ot the ri\er. and is kno\\n as ;he it\ <iMarr\
is southwest, six or ei_dit decrees. ^-;pt is.t ; _; :''.:
betueen '(Harries Nos. i ,md j. th, ;
twenty live or thirty t'eet of the f.>::ua'.'
e\p, (seil, I 7 I',, 'i in.
The . h.ir.i- teristi, fo>
parts of this see! ion, IIM; \s ( . i.i!!\ : .:. N
roi k is all hard and erv^ta:': ie. :.: :\ . '
caret 11 1 e' \.uni nation. nn^ht lie taken ;: N. i_ i: i.
broken into tr.uments i,if roads. the < <. f .,; ;h-- p.',.
months, is a pleasant Iduish ^ra\ . \ e! i >n i i. .s-- ,-\ un
tints \anish. and the stone shows a dra!>. a dark
Id. irk and a Idnish _;ra\. the la>: two o;i!\ ,i;> t:ie in;, s
depending on the tr.u ture or stiri'ai e examined.
The river, jtist in the southern limits of the ity. is ;;
rock i an lie tollowed alon.; the s.mie hank o; t!i'- r
t\\ent\ rods trom the iore_;oin- i|iiarr\. and !ia- ,ui
e\posi;r/ throiiL, r h(>nt that tlistam c. w.th a rontiiiuo'.is
The roi k then tollows the Idut'f. whi< h sfnkes .K ross
liottom. and is not seen a_ r ain until a mile firther -ip
here '[Married and li-irnt into lime. The d:]> is in the
lion that is. towards the north.. This is .j-;arv\ No
I in.
This fin k is ijiiite diiien-nt in most .it its e\: ( r:.a!
desi rilied iii the hist I\\M sections, and .', ]>'.'"':>.*': >'\ o\ :
mm li more loose-drained and porous, and i- i:n: -' \\ t
I'll His. Tile lieds are general I \ -;\ (,i ;\\e! \ i
feet in thii knr-.--. I ; has more < onsMn'i.v '! e \ ;
w a t e r 1 i n H' . and it shows. 1 > e s i d < - 1 1 : e
iikr atrypa suit ata. and a h ind-ojne . ';
ta\ ositoid i < iral. all ot svh:< h are o-: , :
In the S. I.. : ; of s , tion .-.-. II,, ; \|-
^er i j names water inn e in t!: < \\
ei-ht decrees.
The \\ aterlime a ppe.it's n t h.:i. > !'
duskv in V I'.. . of se, :!..:: .- ;. S :,. . . A-
2$0 HISTORY OF SKNKCA COUNTY.
line of outcrop probably passes through Adams, Clinton and Lden -
townships.
The Lower Corniferous has been observed in the following places:
S. \V. ; _ of section i. Kdcn township. Along the bed of a little
creek, tributary to Rocky creek, a magnesian, buff, granular limestone
is exposed. It has no jossils. so tar as can be seen in the meager out-
crops. It is also >een in the banks along the creek, on the farm of Mr.
Ferguson. It was tormeriv (married, to a limited extent, and used for
rough walls. It is rather sott at first, but is i-.aid to become harder
when the water is dried out. There is no dip discoverable.
N. \V. >_, of section JD. I'.loom township. In the right bank of Sil-
ver (reek there is an exposure of higher beds of the Lower Corniferous.
as tolli >ws. in nil above :
No. i In beds of two to six inches; buff and dark buff, magne-
sian : very slightly fossil iferous; some hard ami crystalline.
some sott and spongy. These edges do not appear to
be slaty. They have been long weathered and lie loose.
This is near the junction oi the Lower and I pperCornii-
en nis. io it.
No. 2 Magnesian ; rather hard: crystalline: non-fossiliferous:
buff when dry: line grained: banded with darker buff, or
with brown when in thicker beds. Ileds ' inch to ;r
Lying nearly hori/oiital five or s;\ rods, at the east er.d ot the blulf
the bed- diji cast and di-appcar. A little west ot this exposure the
magncsian. non-fossiliferous, thick -bedded characters ot the Lower Cor-
niferous may be seen in the bed of the creek. Lightecn or twenty rods
to the east, the features and loss i Is ot the I ppd' ( 'ornilen >us appear in
an old i|narr\ hv the roadside, where the dip is L. N. L.
S. \\ . ! ; of section 3. Scipio township. Along the channel of Sugar
creek, on the land oi Lnoc li |-'ry. a stone is exposed which appears like
i .owi r Cornifcroiis. It i- sott. < oarse grained, and without visible fossils.
A pond !>( ated near this p]a< e. which has precipitous banks and some-
times bet omes dr\. is probablv caused by subterranean disturbances
and . ro, ; ,
'I In- 'jiiarn oi Mr. I )avid W\ att. N . \\'. '. ; of section i . Scipio town-
ship, is in . ;1 n bedded, bluff stone, which ha- no tendciu y to blue,
without fo . i] iiii hided within the Lower Corniferous.
Thr 1 .< >\\vr < 'nrnitiTim-, i^ i
!i >wn-hi] .. .i!> MIL; the puMii r.ii.
V !'. ! . ; i>: -c< ti<>n .MI. I. .'.en t
_;ra\ !'<" k. \\ c.i! hi-nn^ !>'!", u;
r. MI!. I '. M-em- apt ;.> !i:v. ik in;
a< I-D^S. I: i> rather haul. I; ;
( '. irr.ii'en iiis.
Tin- o|)|" irtlinit le-. Ii>r ul)>er\ ::
u iiliin tlu- cnunt arc i;> >! -:!;.
c] 11 u h. ami in i\v ina\ In- ini 'iv Irei pit :
i i ia )( (iril'l. IK-I M|i_vin^ tlu- hi^h'^t |i.irt>
main \\a'r< -hni. Thr < iMr>i'm--^ n| tli>
ii\v;iiu tn tin- \va-hin^> by rain-, ami ltv-1
i ;ai C[MII h. It i-. an una-.-Mirti-il hai'-ipa:
-tri.f in the n >ek lx-ln\v.
T!.' - ji.irt i >i the ( 'i in: : u-r< >M- ; - i-\\<
] '.'- i i ,;:.'. \ . 1 1 i'iirni-'he> a \'ei \ :i>ri'i! !>M
u-e! ; i: ail \val!>. :> >uni iat i> m-. ,iii' 1 - mr
V \Y. . .it' -e, ;i,.M *-. It i i,.M-!\ :
lirit; he;nu thin, the -nil -mnetinie
,,uneil !,\ Mr Jnhn \\ . 1'aine.
V \\ . . nt -e, linn id. Ml. ( ;,-,,|.
: ;; the miii-t i 't .1 lieli 1 in line i i:!t :\
'...: in j,; <!ritt at the . j-iarry <-':_;ln ;in i
au a\ . Same : , -ei tinti. >amuel K
teel perpeiii lit lll.ll' : liei i- a!n "K i : . <r: '
>. \\ . _ nt' sei I ii ni i .(. \\' :'" n
ei_lit te"t i 'I' lilne, thin l>e>U. \\ !li;i i; -i
;. i\\ anU the u e-t . tlie i. mi ;
e.i-t. I ai-e. ham!-, -m--
\. I!. '. .,! M-, -i..n .-. I 1 .--
a'l.ri! three |e,-t ,,; ,!r : .-> :
vv leet perpe;;,;., [|*.ii^\ .
au a\ i i\ Ira. I vie i. i\v i' . : -
S. \\'. : . . '!' -e. I :. MI I . (ha
the -ame i> true ni 1 ! artman' -
j^j HlsTORY n|/ SKNIX'A COUNTY.
irregular opening, facing mostly north and west. Mr. Good's faces
north and east.
S. F. ' ; of section i. In the edge of Huron county, Mr. George
Sheffield has a quarry in hori/ontal beds: gravelly soil eighteen inches.
S. F. ; ; ol sction i. Ouarry of William Clemens.
N. F. ! - of section 21. Ouarry of loseph Shirk. This consists of
a mass of shattered and dislodged beds, from which, however, good
stone is taken. In one place, a mass showing a perpendicular thick-
ness of rive feet is twisted away from its original position, the planes
of jointing indicating where it ought to be. It is removed two teet
from its natural place. The projection beyond the face of the other
beds tapers, in the distance of about fifteen feet, to a few inches, and
is hid by debris.
Northeast quarter of section 15. quarry of John M. Krauss.
Northeast quarter of section 29. quarry ot Mrs. Joseph Hoover.
Northeast quarter of section 10, quarry ot Isaac Karn.
Northwest quarter of section M. quarry of Tunis Wygart.
Northwest quarter of section 2. quarry ot Grimes heirs.
Many others also have small openings in the rocks in this township.
Thev are nearly all in the midst ot cultivated fields, and there is a
remarkable absence of boulders, although the rock is sometimes seen
projecting above the surface. There are a tew boulders, but they are
such as belong to the drift, and have been dug out by the erosion of
streams, or by man. They are not thick about rocky outcrops, as in
the lacustrine reuion.
Northwest quarter of section 11. Lewis Fisher ha> an extensive
quarry in the I'pper Corniferous. in the valley of a little tributary to
Honey creek. About fifteen teet ot bedding are exposed. King nearly
liori/ontal. The lowest beds are about eighteen inches in thickness,
and softer, yet of a blue color like the rest. In working Mr. Fisher's
quarry, it has become necessary to remove about ten lee', ot hardpan
drift.
Northeast quarter ot section 10. Jacob Oetwiller's quarry is also a;i
extensive opening, and exposes beds a u-w teet lower than Mr. Fisher's.
'I lie lowest see nis to be of a lighter color, and in '1st be near the 1 MI! ton,
of the I pper Corniferous. A stream disappears in this quarry, in time
o! ;r,.-/ I.
So-ill ,vi juartcr of section 2. Henry Detterman's quarry is located
in the vallev o! H< >nev < reek.
there is considerable i-\po-,iitc D! the I ; : t
exti'iisivi.-ly \\rouuht hv Abraham ka^\. Ii.
nous dip. K. S. I ... au"oniir._
ND. i i ossilHerous beds u;'h . h
hedded. D! bluish _r.i\ ' "'.o!
N-. j Thin, ll.i^. ienli. <ii i
< olor ; ii u-.i. brittle, ind -
[N.-li . No. 2 \\.ini.l !.:.,!,.,,!> 1
trcshiy e\pn-ed. )
ND. . The same as N,.. 2. hut in in.nv i \ en bed,,
Northwest .juarter nt section _</. Noah l.iii-,
piarry . in iieiU \vhi< h dip 1 .. N . I ..
Northwest (|iiarti'r (it scctimi _ , . Kee.i ID\V:IN!I ; .]I
nilcroiis is ijuarried hv Mr. AniistrDn.;.
TlirDii^'liDiit this county, this deposit lies as it \\.is iet: \>\
cicr. I he mass ot it is an unassorted hardpan, hut it sho\\-. \ ,
glacial stratification in< idcnt to streani> ot water arising ironi
solution o! the K e. Such ( ases oi stratitK atioii are most i
llie urcat \alleys where the waters nei e>sa!'ii\ a< ' unrilated.
!>\ no means i omnion, nor unitorni in ;!i<-:r IOI.I'ID
ally. In some < ases the -,; ra; iiii a; ion aris s nist-f^ <: -.':.'
siirtai e. or pre\ail> to tlie deptli ol'thir's o; tor's te: .
embraces one or more ln-iK ot hai'd.j.an. \\lr.< :. ''. r.e . rr- _ . a 1
In s,-i t ion jo. I'.den I ou'ii sh; 1 1. the '; '.ink s t ,\ \ I <,< \ i : ,-'-. A :
larl\ noted, and ma\ !u- des, nhed a- lol'ous
N o . | 1 i 1 i s i N i m ] , e 1 i e i t 1 \ e \ p o , i . i . 1 . : ; \\ i . . , \ . :'.':.
si irted hardpan \\ itli < o::-:, !: a: ',
so;! ot' the i oi:nt\ . and
No. .- Is blue, and , ..m|...
hardpan. i on; r 'i ''^ \\ i' : \v D-
ot' all kind- and >i --. appa: .;', ;
itied. and i- d - : i -.11
spring, ..: I-.-M : r >;- u ^.M [ d
234 HISTORY or SF.NKCA COUNTY.
be called sand. The lowest seen in No. 2 is a layer of
eighteen inches, at least, of clear sand. 30 ft.
No. } -Talus of round pebbles and stones, mostly limestone,
and frequently stained with iron oxide. 3 ft.
The thickness of the drift cannot be slated with certainty. At Attica.
in the township of Venice, wells penetrate it to the depth of -sixty feet
wi'.hout striking the rock. 'I'his is the highest point within the count}'.
and the general snrtace is rolling.
Next to the products of the soil, the most important resources of
Seneca county consist in the products o| the quarries. Throughout
most of the countv there is no ditlicnlty in obtaining good building
stone, although the best quarries are situated a little unfavorably for
the townships of London. I'M- Spring. Seneca. Kden. Pleasant, Venice
and Reed. 'I'he quarries at Tittm lurnish stone throughout a radius of
man}' iniies. while those in Hiooin township supply a great tract of
country south and east. The < j names in Thompson tou iiship, although
located iri 'he I pper ( 'ornilerous. are atlording one ol the best qualities
of stone in northwestern <)}iio: they are laxorably exposed tor work-
ing, but le>s developed than similar openings in Mloom township. This
is doulitless tine to the superior advantages of quarries further north,
and, at liellevuc. in Sandu-ky < onnty. tor reaching market and for ship-
men: by railp >ad.
I I \i i .
For lime, the Niagara and \vaterlinie formations are < hieily Used.
'1 he\ are more e:i>ii\ quarried ami more i heaph burned than the I pper
( 'orniterons. lloih are burned at Tittm. but the kilns are rude and the
expen-e oi burning i-- greater than where the improved kilns are
cm] i
('lav for brick and, red pottery i> found in suitable quantities in all
part-- oi t'ne i ouiUy. \Ianv establishments lor the ma mi tact tire ot brick
employ the -urta< e oi ihe ordinary hard;. an. im hiding even the soil;
others rejei i the immediate siirlai e. wliii h < ontains roots and turf, and
bui'n ihe hai'iljian ii'oin the depth oi ;i loot oi- two. 'Mils material,
although liable ! ntain pebbles oi limestone, \\hi< h injure ;he man-
u'.d ;ui'ed artii le. _;e ne rails ha> it in ->ui h small quantiU and in so
< oinmniu'ed a --late, as to require no other ihax lor ihe silica. 1 he
tile, brii k and pottery made ;n '.hi-- \s,i\ are suitable lor all jnirposes
M \ I Ik!
where n<> ^reat decree nl" lit
alter many i aivtul experimi"
< it h\ dr.iulir < riiH-n! }i\ nr
parN. with n'llin.iry > .i<;} >n i
ir> /in tiu- ilni: i las nc.ir I ;:;,
] ii i t t ( i" \ , >< 1 1 1 u i > ! \v ! 1 1 1 1 1 i a ; ;
ware -;-.o i tor > >rnamrp.:> :tn
a -tin n >ili -uriai i-, ami a iLu )
near Tittin. Mr. 1 1. \V. ( 'ree.,
am! ti T ^!a/ ;ML; with -all .
Mr. I. M
1 1 : ii rn.ik .
I'.rt'urv tile i if. r',( ijiiiirlit n!' !!'.r Like >':;. ':."'
iiiiiu--. u:u- ''! tin- ]-r;iii ipai -nun c- "i ;i-.ii. ,
IMI_; i ire <ir] 'i '>;!>. \\lnrh arc -i 'attrrn i '.\rr nr: i: :
in 'I'thwc-ti-rn iMiin tlu- nuinrri r:> 'Mrn.u r- uluii \\
;tu-M- ,l,-|,,,Mts al.uu U:r -.u:!i >!...n- ,,:' l.ik- l.i
I'irliirr -in:th ami \\r-i. rr:nirrcil IM._ HIT
wi-alih. I; ]ii'iM[i:(r> aii iron kn<'\\n .1- "it,
jifc-riK i- "I } '!;' i-] -I:' 'i'i:-. \vh;i h ra;;:."' ;
; r 1 1 ; i . ' 1 1 1 ; -- \ i i ' i a i i ! r l ' i r < a -> t ; n _ - . i ':.':. i < . \ .
\v ! i : i ! . i > 1 1 1 1 i : : i - ' i ij < 1 r ! r i -> . i \ \ : '. i : j ' . r : '. \ . >: - ''.>.
ulu-M ]:.:. iiiVil i - ii;.!iii-iii-!!i-.I a- -r.-,I -
i 1 1 . 1 1 . t ; i i n i ; r : " i 1 1 1 -. r > r < > \ ; 1 1 1 : ; \ . 1 1 : . i . : ' < u '. 1 1 - '. . i :
-i iMlhra-t'Tn par! i >: llie -state. !!ia'
in ; n ' r a 1 \ a ! 1 1 e .
I ;-. >i-;:e< a < i iiint \ 1 *< _; < ire in < : :i
:n --Mih ''.' ' jti.miit ie-. u-ual: \ . '
the .i.! '-;; e \ aii'im Lin; : : :- !. / \'.
; ; 1 1 111 . i i : . i ' ; i . I ; \\ a - MM-: \\ : i .
1: ,1;-, ... . ur- on :!.- i iii.i ..;
' .' HI J 7 . Seller. i t' i\\ n-h: p. I '
1 1: 1 ick -. i"' iiuhl \ i i!t \\ ir, if wrt, a:
2^(> HISTORY 01 SKNF.CA COUNTY.
places. ( Mi l>eini, r exposed to the air. or especially to fire, it becomes
cemented and verv hard. There is also a deposit in section n, in
Clinton townshij). exactly on the south line of the Seneca Indian
reservation.
CHAPTER XV
LIFE OF JOSIAH HEUGES CHANGE I- i K S I JM.A1 Ol MM IN 1 H 1- SAW M![.l.
MIASMA IIKSI 1KAIVF HCLMS l:KSl S1OKIS* FIRM Hk!^K HOtSKS
THE FFkRY THK DUG-OLI FIRST HOTELS Hl.ACKSIkAP M i S k 'i
GROSS MR. BREDOON S UFA 1 H 1HL LkFLGKR FAMILY H i N k '. LA.Ni.,
HF.NKY CkONISE UR. HOYEK S FAMILY I'H'.I.M' si-. EWALU
JOSIAH Hl.lMiKS.
AM<>\, the most remarkable of the icadiii.; p:oiu-
< ounty. was Josiah I ledges, tin- : ! Tittin. H--
Apr;! i). i ;;S. near \\'r>t I .i'lx.Tlv . lirrk!r\ iinin!\, \ .(.. atii !!::
\\\-* win >!(. liti- prf^-i'vcd the rharuc U-ris! ics n| tin- true \ iri;;ii;a:: . II
!;;> tatlu-r'^ hmiK- at an rarly age. with a ilctrnninati" >n '
own tortunr. The first enterpri-r \\hii h h.r undcrtn'ik --i;
account, was a trading excursion to \ru < 'rlratis on a ilal'. >at'si lad
with fruit, which he floated down tin < Hiio r:\cr troni \\'heelini; to N.
Orleans. The voyage lasted six weeks. lie finally settled in < >h;o
i.Soi. one year before it was admitted as , i - T .ae. and located in Ileinm
county, where, for a number of years. In was mie ot the ino-t a< t.
and prominent citi/ens! lie was the tir>t sheriff of that iount\. .1
!'>r a numlier of years clerk of the court. He next iMi^a^cd ;i-.
men a mile biisine>s at St. ( 'lairsville. His ( a pita! \\ .is l:m;ted, !
slowly and surely im-reasin^ l>y pnnlen e and sa^.n ;ty- iirm ti.i:
his ( liarai ter that never lorsnok him through lite
In those da\ s. men hauls MI the we>i uere \\<>n: ' p::
g Is in Philadelphia. j..urne> in.: a. n,,> ;h,- \ii-
1 ; i ' : s < i i a i k . a 1 1 1 1 i a i" r \ ; i ; _ l ! . ' r ; < . < n ' h e ; i : i - i .
oj-mei! a bran, h -,i.,n- i:: \1 .: :
( i !.. I line, lle,!_,
2^ HISTORY OF SFN'F.CA COUNTY.
at the Delaware land office. In 1822 the first stick was cut on the
plat of Tiffin, at a place near the Commercial bank, in the first ward.
In the same year Mi. Hedges built a saw mill on Rocky creek, a short
distance east of the court house, and a frame building on the lot north
ot the court house, which was afterwards used for very manyjmrposes
lor a court house. Masonic hall, offices and shops, etc. The same
building is still in existence, and stands near the mouth and on the left-
bank of Rocky creek and also on the bank of the Sandusky river, and
is now used as a pape box factory. In the same year he also built the
flouring mill on the Sandusky river, which was afterwards known as the
Hunter mill." By a prudent and liberal course in disposing of his
town lots, he saw the place increase steadily, and in 1X28 he secured
the removal of the land office from Delaware to Tiffin, thus giving the
town a new impetus. In 1825. and again in iS^o, he was elected a
member ot the House of Representatives from this district, in which
capacity he served to the satisfaction of the people. In 1837 he dis-
posed ot his interest in the store to a son. and from that time to the
close of his life, devoted all his time to the interest of Tiffin and his
growing wealth.
In his younger days Mr. Hedges was an athletic and vigorous man.
and well up to nearly four score years he retained a large portion of
his mental and physical vigor, and was always able to attend to his
own affairs. lie was generous and just in his dealings with his fellow
men: benevolent and kind. He assisted all the Christian denominations
in Tiffin, and granted lots for the erection of churches, in addition to
his liberal subscriptions. He was the originator of many, and the sup-
porter of all, public improvements. He was possessed ot that large
and unselfish hospitalitv that characterized all the early settlers. He
was generous to the poor, and always willing to lend a helping hand.
When a man bought a lot from him on which to build himself a home.
and could not pay as he had agreed to do. Mr. Hedges would never
trouble him. as long as the purchaser showed a desire and willingness
to pay. Yet he looked after his interest, and expected men to come
up to their promises. While he had no love tor drones and loafers, the
man of work and industr alwas found in him a friend. Those that
he kut-w the man to be true and faithful, was ready to help him, if nec-
essary. with inati'ri/}! aJricr. lie was as sincere in all his intercourse
with his Irllow men as he was just and generous: and while he was the
good neighbor and citi/cn. the sale counsellor and faithful friend, he
,v:is also an indulgent and affectionate father and devoted husband.
Hi- kindn-d. l>,,ih ..Id and y.-utu. will
T linn they i i >-.i!d aiu.t\- _n \\.v.
r\ (.T i iju-n tu thrill.
Although 11. r, a m.-rnii'-r
trur in. ui : and MJ < >n h:- d\
anil a--mvd hi- irirnd- IP :nd i
S.l\ I'M' "wllii h.t- | .r> >l;i:-ri i t'' f. . i.'.
I.iith .unl jn-niu-:i< r." 1I-- -.ink .i'.\ iv
a sk-c[i. \\'i:hi ml a ur. >.i;i nr i - f : :.
lU'j'.irtuiv. .mi i ('.1--I-' i .iu t\ ki-
imiili .irniiml him .ui'l ;.is> i.iwv, ;
M r. i I ril^o- u ,i> !:r-; 111.1; :
Sfll. iil I'.fllll'int < n'lllt\ . ' 'hi". i I
< ii \vlii iin .iiv st ill h\ : u \I : -. i
1 I niHcr, ail' 1 Mr-. l\rlu-< , i \\.iikcr.\\ -i
will- tiicii lui\ S. iSir.. a^nl :h:r:\
a!ni;n i>nc \car. lu- wa> a_;.i.:i in.nr.i
I'lli/a Haninirrly, ui M ,ir ' .n-!r:r^':,. \ :r^i
with nine < hililrrn. i)l \\ P.I mi ( '\ r, '!.: i \ .
nl" Tillin. < Uii' i. M.ir\ lain-. \s i:. -: A.
Miiu-rx'a. wiu- u! llarri-mi N-ili!-.-. 1.- , .
nt Tittin. Kli/abrtll, \\ ilr nt' |i i!m ( i. ' . :
inrn hant m '1 iitin. an<l Sarah. \\.:<- >?> ':i
M.-I rciftry nt -tau-, and imw ni ;hc (
< >hio. the I'aiilii'il and r-icrinrd. :: ,
Hi- -(.( i iin 1 wilr died nil ! !n- i ' ! . d.;\
niarrii/d auani ' >i l< '! u-r .: i. i > \.\.
' > I S i i a < a i 1 1 ' i n ' \ . \s h > i - -':.'.
Hrd.-r- dinl ill Tit!.:.. .
\ rar-. thrcr IIM iiith - ind : -.
Whili- i! i- :-'. :
_;ri at !\ lirli r, rii S\
\ r! he wa- ";!'' .',.-' , .-
s . i - i n 1 1 1 1 w i i i \\ : . -. . -. -
n at n IT. and l!:<- i!!-:r :
hat IH- atlc: \s ,'tpi
lar. ami his carriage wonderful!) straight lor one ot" his age. Kroni
that time onuard th' 1 in< reasing years wrought their mark upon his
powerful frame. < >n a pleasant <lay he \vouM walk with short steps
about town, in his double gown, with a stick in his hand, dragging his
shoes, tramped down at the heels, olten with his smoking cap on and
smoking his tamiiiar short pipe the very picture ot a comfortable
sunset after a long, summer day.
In stature Mr. Hulges was a little over six teet high, and well
proportioned. His carriage was very straight, his movements and
gestures, as well as his conversation, very decided. He had nothing
of suavity or "blarney" about him. He was very economical with his
words in business transactions, and would say no more than was neces-
sary to accomplish the work in hand. His intercourse with men, while
it was pleasant enough in business, and utterly void of offense, yet bore-
that peculiar, almost indescribable, natural aristocracy that so much
characteri/es the true Virginia gentleman of the olden school. His
voice was clear, a little metalic. and on a rather high note for so large
a person. He had a fine forehead, a sharp, small, black eye, a promi-
nent nose, not very large, clenched lips, high cheek bones, heavy lower
jaw. and in his A//// t->isc/n/>/c was the very image of firmness and
decision.
"( I'd 1 us. \vr scarce know whence >r when
A change licgins t<> steal.
Which teaches that we ne'er again
\s once we felt . shall feel.
A curtain, slow 1\ drawn aside.
Reveals a shadi >we<l scene
When-ill the 1'iit lire <li It'ers \\ hie
From w hat the past has been."
The law o 1 ( hange is stamped and deeply imprinted upon all earthly
things. The bud that opens its leaves into a flower, to LTeet the first
rays ot the rising sun. gives up its :Jrv to the gentle /ephyr at noon.
and ;- gone. ]' ng oak. that defied the storms and wintry
.las'- |or i entnries. finally \ields to the demand- of nature and crum-
- ;t - sub-tain e to the < arth from whence it ^sprung. The rocks and
-':bm : : to the wear and tear of the -easo;*,. ;md change form.
' '.', ..; d:-;r 'rgra* 'on. Sciu<a ' ounty no longer wears the
iiea'.'\ o; her prSliiie gramleiir. Its noble lor. .; is broken and. gone.
and v u : i.es and s'.Mi wilder beasts. The drift wood
J4I
ts rcini i\ n 1 In mi thr r:\ cr ,i\\<
1 >r< oimn^ ni'.rr nr.triy >!r;ii^hl,
'li'y l'_v jinlii ;<>'i- iliti liin^. K.i
li.iniliii.iti. .nid thr >h< i".!- .u:| -
plai-t- in thr hi, iron, :;'.^:::._
r.iv rin HI*. [..iniluT. ri'.i- < < !i
ihr -hril! u!ii-;ir ,.:" thr >:,- i:n
s.iiji!- n!' !;.ij,| ,\ . i ,r. >-' L T-. :- ,
The first plat of Tiffin contained iiS lotseach block ot 12 lots
facing lour streets, \\itli a cross alley through the center. It had three
streets running east and west, vi/: Perry, Market and Madison, starting
near l\ock\ creek am[ ending near the river: and three streets running
north and south, vi/: Jefferson. Washington and Monroe, starting near
the river, and ending at an alley i<So teet south ot Madison street. The
east end of this alley is now Tiffin street, and leads from Jefferson to
the old cemetery.
This was Tiffin, with a little opening and a cabin where the gas works
now are. Another was built soon thereafter, near where the Commer-
cial bank now is. and another a little south ot Naylor's hardware store.
Thi> survey was made and the town platted before Seneca county
was organi/ed. a> was before slated, and thereiore the plat had to be
recorded in the' recorder's office of Sandusky county, which was done
on the 2Sth day of November. A. \), 1X21.
No change was made in the pla; of Tiffin until iN^i. on the 2 7th day
of May. when Mr. Hedges had his southern addition to Tiffin surveyed
and platted. This contained in-lots from i j<) to i.j(>. both inclusive.
and out-lots from i to 12. both inclusive. The public cemetery was
laid just north of out-lot No. 7. This addition was a string of lots,
one on each side of Washington street, running south to the first alley
now north of the (lerman ('atholic church and the junction ot the
roads. The lots from both sides run endwise to the street. Not a
single cross street intersei ts them to this day. Jefferswn street and
Monroe street were also extended south, the same distance through
these out iots.
The wonderful energy of Mr. Hedges, and his untiring industry,
produced a -aw mill, near l\o< k\ creek, already mentioned. It stood
near ihe mill ra< e. and some thirty roils southeast ot the point where
('irruiar -ircet ;n!<T-ei t- Ka-t Market. The dam wa- i lo-e by the sa\\
mil! in f;u t. !h<- water ran irom the dam direi tly intu th.- mill, without
a head ind. HUT parsing ihrouj;h the \\' heel, emptied info ihe
( reek .:j lin. so ih it ihe mill ';. id neither head nor t i;l race. A ra< e.
ho v .\ e\ <;. v\ a- ' ':}-' rui ied !r< nn this da in to the ( '; ty M i!l. still standing.
Tiiis -;iw mill \.a- built in iXji>, and \\ as run night and dav fo suppl}"
the _ r rea! (iemand that was mail 1 upon i: for lumber with whi< h to build
irame houses, and for oilier jmrposes. It bo ame tile center of attrac
lion, and looked like a bee hive on a large M ale while it lasted.
Kvrvbody was in need of board-, and had t have them.
Mr. Hedges, h.iving so main" iron- ;n the lire, could gi\'e the saw
mii! no personal attention, and rented it to one loscph |aney. and
.SV'.vr,/ /'//'/ r. in i -N ;j. ;ha- ..nc ..: :
hotel o! ( '.i!\ in |!j-.i'!!e\ . 1'.: aTev :':<
\v:!l lie HI ilit ei.1 here. liter.
I !u: >a\s ;n;i! liMrnci! ,i\\.t\ ;n '!: s j'
|i.irtiler^hi|i \\ith the mill. Neithei
reiii.iiiu-ii in -~M]i]/i\ the ( 'ity M;ii. T
:ip RDI k\ (feck. \-> the ulli'U n! M' -
w.iter \V.i^ i '(.\ereii \\illi .( _;ree!l ^i 11:11.
Ii'nin MM: !!;',!> ili-e.i-^e-. < MIH 1'i'le.i ':.
1 1 1 e t ' i \\ i ; . . i n i i importune'! Mi. I I > i _ ->
ever. .111.; ;';i;. illy >:iit \v,i- !: :_;::: .i.:.i:
the i Luu.
\! the iri.il. .iil the ]'hy^i ;.i:i> .:: th
:";ei! IMI!!I l". ir .ui'l >i^.l!llM iifu .i.i::i. I
the ' leteii'i.tn' '- < * >'in>el .i:v : the < in
tlie iii.ti.n ':<> : - H ii-n. ( >ne ! :h<
;?44 HISTORY OK SKNIX'A COl'NTY.
Brick yard- were now started: one in Fort Ball, and the other, by
|ohn Strong, ai the south side of Tiffin street, near the east end. and
\vhirh wa- kept in operation for many years thereafter.
In iS.^i. Patrick Kinney. Philip Hennessey and another Irishman
who-e name ha- escaped me. entered into a contract with Mr. Strong
for tlie making of brick sufficient to build the fust Catholic church in
Tiffin, and became personally responsible for the payment.
The church was erected in the fall of that year, near the -outh side
and ca-t end. of Madi-on street, opposite the old stone jail, and on the
present old ('atholic cemetery. It stood with the -'able end towards
the -tree',, with a cupola at the north end of the root. It- little bell
wa- the lir>t church bell in the county, and while it- note wa- on a hi^h
kev. it \\a- pleasant to hear it- cheerlnl echo through the woods.
The remainder of the brick from this kiln Mr. Strong sold to Mr.
lohn (ioodm. who built with them the fir- 1 brick hotel in town, on lot
No. So. now owned bv Mr. lohn I.o-s>er. in the tit'ili ward, 'I'his hotel
wa- then con a Lirand affair. The lar^e fire-place in the bar
room i- then; yet. but clo-ed up. The pon h ol the second -lory.
whu h extended clear over the pavement, and had a heavv root over it.
ha- pa--ed away. The town council had it removed because it
obstructed the \ iew ol the street: but it was the 1110-1 conspicuous part
of the hoi
The M. I.. Church on Market street: the -tore buildings of Henry
l.bert uhi> i- now !vin_ a i orp-e at thi- writing, and will be buried
!o day. April 2. iSSo ; John Park's -tore: a -mall, one -tor\ brick
immediately south of Sneath's hotel, where Mr. Andrew Clcim kept
-tore, and the one -tory. -mall lirii k -choo] house, nearlv opposite the
oid M . I-'.. ( 'hurch. were a.! MUM all the bru k buildings in '1'itlin and Fort
ball. excepting the dwelling hon-e of ]>i. Kuhn. and the little IJXLJ
vellow hr < is on Sandn-ky street, which \va- \lr. Rawson's law office.
and afterward- be. a me the oftic e of I )r-. I ) re-bach and Carey.
1 lu-n A ' ractim il lot- in the tir-t platting of T'tiin. and the
M<a< e- " etween the lot- and the river and KOI k\ i reek, were laid
< '; i i;--r\ : addition-, named mid i 'inil u-red.
1 !..;- .-. a- ;M bridge a< ro--, the r;\ er. and in >!'' n ro-s Ro ( |<\ < reek.
I . -'re' '- \\ er ; 1 ! i >\ -: 'imp- and !o_-, md a'ter :hc ei'e< tion of the
-iw ; -. '' , >. r. i-im-n; - in iron' oi :'.. hou-e- \\ere de-ijnat.-d \>\
i 1 1 1 I I k K \ r. k i \\ i k \ 'i \ N M K
il.iy in tin- tiiwn t' I ,,in< a^trr. in I'.i.i ;'u-ld i'uii
troubled ui'.h ni'ii h dninkcn:u-->. and i-\i-i\ <;'.>!
M/cmcd I" i'f "! n. i ,t\ ,i:l. I in.tii\ . .1:1 i : din. m i v\
cvrrv in. in \\tui ua- tmnid d:'i!ik in '.\\:. d _
in lu'ii i 'I a 1 1 iii 1 . I h:> plan \\ . : kci i ,\ < . . i M:
dnink(.'!inr>--. \\ 'n\ n- ; tn< ' : ':. .
--iinii.u' ! innnci' iinw. .in 'I in.iki- lln 1 . c
in-'rad D; >\ mpa!lii/in_; u .: !: ll.-.
tinir a! ihr ri ' ill lic.iiiT i:i i .;-:-- 11.
M. ! .i:;.,nd. "i . u.i> .1
I '.i! k. i '.' \\ .1- .1:1
I !.- 1 :!!i'n i.o.i.lv
! 1 1 1 r ; ; 1 1 1 1 ; : . - 1 irmn
!..i, k .'i: ;i.- t.iU :,,r:,
'. lu' \ !i .V i! ti:i ! i\ .1:
Mr. I'.U-K ,..: :
24') HISTORY OK SKXKCA COUNTY.
the Walkers and Masons opened up in it on a large scale. John Staub
and F.li Norris were rival liotel keepers with Richard Sneath. deorge
Park had a round-log-cabin hotel on 1'erry street, the first tavern in
Tit'tin. lie afterwards put a two-story frame hotel on the lot now
covered by the National Hall Mlock. Sometimes it was kept by Staub.
and sometimes by Norris. Later on. Dr. lames Fisher built the frame
house on the northwest corner of Market and Monroe, where Staub
kept tavern awhile. The building is now owned and occupied by Mr.
Upton Flenner. who is also an old pioneer here.
Mr. Calvin Mradlev built the Central House, in which he kept tavern
himself, opposite the west part of the court house. ( )f all the older
hotels in Tiffin, this is the only one remaining, and is now, and for a
long time passed, has been, known as Remele's butcher shop.
This man Mradley was a wonderful man tor energy ami enterprise.
He engaged in very many speculations, and while he kept hotel he also
carried on the butchering business, selling meat twice a week. In 1832
he (hanged the name of his hotel to that of the Washington House.
It had a high post in front, with a swinging sign on which was a golden
lamb.
Fdar and Howe had a but< her shop in Fort Mall. They advertised
fresh Meat tor sale every Tuesday and Saturday. The market opened
at the sound of the trumpet.
\Vherc the Commercial Hop.se now stands, there was a two-storv
frame building occupied b\ Mr. lames Mercer with his lamily. and in
which he. in companv with Mr. Henry L.bert. carried on the hatting
business, manufacturing and selling hats. M\ brother Ileiirv. the
beloved pastor of the Cerman Fvangelical Lutheran Church of Fre
mont. learned the trade ot hatter there, as the apprentice of Mr.
M ercer.
Mr. Cronise's store contained a large stock o! goods tor that time,
and like all other stores, was composed ot all varieties ot goods, such
as dry goods, hardware. (]iieensware and groceries.
( >ne druggist advertised for sale at his stand, medicines, paints, oils,
patent medicines, cross cut saws, mill irons and tooth ache drops.
In iN}2. Mr. Cnmise advertised that he would pay sj\ty eight cents
for t!a\ seed, in goods.
It w,,s then, and tor some time afterwards, very customary in Tiffin
to ke'-p molasses and whisky lor sale at the stores. These articles were
generally kept in the cellars, When farmers came in to trade, thev
were taken b\ the proprietor, or some < lerk, into the cellar and treated
to a glass ot' black-strap. This compound consisted ot molasses and
w lu-k\ " 'a!: ' ,u;' 'a!:." ,t> .1
went mi a- :! !inth;n_: li.nl h ap
II ; i W i! 1) W h;< h ' ' i ! ! eat it; i.i<
\\ IUMI. .it... -i! iS-,. M;. I 1 .,-.
-M mthiTii .uMit ion : > Tittm. .
kept the -t.ue.ittl'e there, ai-n. S 'a I !/!!.. .'.ii ';. n! U.i-!
in^ti MI atu t M.uhsiiii. \iiii hail in im>k - : : ,\ ,,,,;., .,,,, ;J; t <
lintel. There wa- urea! ililtn ult\ :> -<' '> .'. Hi'iVi-iJ t . ' <\ lean;.
hi iii
en the p MI S were inu< l<!\ . r w a ;::. .'-f ; , ( i; ,, . ^.>
eaileii. wa-heil mil hy the ra\.ne tli.it ;..->e- \\ . -'; .::_!n:, a:ul e:i!c:--
the t'nurtli w.irtl --ew el . M an\ a ;i me the -;.i^e < ir \ er. w .'!; |. <-ir Imr-r^.
w.i> (ninpeiiei! tn -^tnp twai nr three t:nie- nil h;-> \\ a \ 'ip th'- ii:il !ie:nri'
he re.ulieil the Kxeh.uige. llenr\ (it'n-.-, pu! ':pa twn -!i.r\ iirwci 1 . in^
Inni-M- nn the imrtli -nk- n[ l'err\ -tree', where !H- l;\<.-il w;ih lii> laiiuly
aial i arried "D the uuii--in;!h lui-me--. tn^etlu-r with ;i:e icpainn^ nt'
dm k- and w ati he-, the iir-; er,!erj.ri-e ni the k::i; .n iw n Mr. ( ; n --
wa- the i'ir-1 :n. in the writer -aw "\ l!ltin. t 'miiilif^ _ IV:r\ -.'re.-t
1 r n 1 1 1 the e a - ; . n : i the i > ; h < ! a \ n ; \ ._;-. i - ; ; . . ' . : '. .
1 1 : ': v w a n n . 1 - . iw i i n a ; i - ' . i : i ; : -. _ '.':.'<' < .::-- : . i
1 h.- w.s> \li I I :.!\ ' .I'"--
HP : l!i >\ ar>i an-! I I en i \ (
eie; >i i ' i-' 1 Miei ha I: a a' ^eh i
i it li e W'l ii ie lake]] in ! i ai!
J4' S HISTORY OK Sr.NKCA COUNTY.
Jacob Plane was justice of the peace and postmaster on the Tit'tin
side, and lived in a two-story frame house that stood immediately south
of where Man mart's dru:_ r store now stands.
Mr. Rawson had moved his law ottice to this side of the river. It
was a small trame building that stood close bv or about the place where
Mr. 11. Prohl now lives. I)r. Dresbarh's ottice was a small, low brick
building that stood on the alley immediately north of Here's cabinet
warehi >u-e.
The public st|iiare was full of IOL;- and stump-,. After Mr. Plane. Mr.
Cronise had the post ottice in his building. J.cvi Keller had a black
smith shop a little north of doodin's hotel, where l.oomis' stone front
now stands. Valentine and Philip Secwahl put ii]i a double hewed IOL;
house, away out ot town, near the southern extremity of the southern
addition to Tiffin. There Valentine carried on the pmsmithini; and
iockmakinu" business, and Phili]) the watch repairing and jewelrv trade.
The\' lived there lor a Ion- time, and until they bought the lot where
the Rn-l block no\\ is. and moved upon thai, where they both lived
until the} died.
Mr. \ndrcw I.uuenbul lived in a small brick house now embraced in
the house of Mr. John Kemele. on Madison street. Joseph Howard
lived in a laru'e Irame house on the northwest corner of Washington
and Madison. P-<|. Keen lived, in i^.v where he does now. I>avid
\'.. ( )weti. the auditor, lived in a part ot the house with Ks<j. Plane.
Mr. loshua Sene_\ lived near neighbor to, and east of. Mr. Heduc-. on
the --outh si<le ol Perr}'. where Mr. and Mr-. Seney both died. hr.
Kulm lived on the lot where the new jail now stands. His old ottii e
is -till :n existciK e. and -land- < lose b\ . unoccupied.
1 1 1 1 , i i rt h o I \ 1 r. Ra w son ' s o 1 d 1 aw otti c e. i n t h e br i c k h o u se
-till stand 'i widow Creeper, who had one son and ipiite a num
ber of beau':' . ' 'lli^eiit daughters. The}' \\ere from Maryland.
I'herc-a. the oMe-t daughter, was married to |ud_;e Uenjaiiiin Pittin^er.
in Mar\l.md. and they moved to Tiltin for a wedding tour. All the
othi-r _i! P.leanor to l-'rederii k Kridler. the i hair
mak'-r. 'I In \ the -outhwe-t corner ot Icl'ler-uii and Market.
AIM . ' i 'i I. \\ . Miller, the tailor. I riah was next. The
-',;-! , who marrii <! ( . ' 'i>n ( 1. Pre-1 in. the fi >ur,i ier
1 1! ; ' ' ' . - . | o-eph:ne marned M r. 11. Penning! on. the
i Martha, ihc \ ounje^t. '. : lie \\ ife of ( ,,-n. \\ m.
i
1 I. i ' . \1 ind \1 r -. < lib-oil are all that are now
1 ; \ :,_ c ' f.n i}.
\\ . i . i ; i abin ' h'ip oi \] i !:-ot] -ireet . some where
-'4'*
near KM). l'.!()o!n\ reM'leme. lie marr.e.i .t \lr> Stale
>iMer nl \>r. Kuini. v\lm h,i<! M-veral < h:M:'
Mi 1 arland, l.iriin rl\ tin- \\ili "I MIX \ er.ei .it!<- ai
1 )r. M.-l arlan.l. \\.is the
.li i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 : > 1 u < 1 . a ! 1 1 1 1 1 ' 1 1 ' 1 1 e - ! e e ! I '. e 1 1 .
1 ; i-i a IIP >^t j'enia; K a !'.< '.i< '. t i a' 1 .;::.. .;. ; : ;
dav-- a 1 1 ' r 1 1 1 v a i" r . '. a . . : ; I ; 1 1 1 n .
Mr. Phillip-,, .m-i there I '..ui.
I'rii-M.l. ( '(.i. J. M. >:. ven-. ,
Phillip- i:v,-,! in .1 i...
name ,,- M is-\ II. !.-: .1 .'.a
250 HISTORY OK SKNI-X'A COUNTY.
In iS^. a man by the name of Louis Dredoon, a hotel keeper in
McGutchenville. had a short cannon cast at this foundry to be used at
the coining Fourth ot lulv celebration. He came alter it with a wagon
on the J.-jth day of lime, and all hands concluded to try it first. They
put the piece on the running gear ot a wagon and loaded it very strong.
It exploded, and played havoc all around. A piece of the iron struck
Mr. Durdoon on the torehead and crushed in the skull from his left eve
brow up to the hair. He was picked up unconscious, and carried to
Goodin's hotel, then kept by Michael Hendel. where he soon after died.
])ildine had several ribs broken: one \\atson had a leg broken; other
men were injured more or less. 'I he wagon and the front door ot the
foundry were demolished, and pieces o! the cannon were lound great
distances away. There lias been no cannon foundry in Tiffin since.
\\ e buy all our guns ot Krupp.
William H. Kessler carried on the tailoring trade in Fort Hall, and
Moses I). Cadwallader and [eficrson Freese were rivals in Tiffin. Mr.
Freese married a young lady that Dr. Fisher raised and brought with
him here from Maryland. She was very pretty, and highly esteemed.
Dr. Dover lived in a stone house that stood where Kmick's boot store
i-. This and the mill house were the only stone houses in Tiflin Doth
are L'onc. One of Dr. Dover's daughters married Lloyd Norris. who
became the owner o! the Van Metrcr section, and lived there. He had
mean- they said, but very little polish. He was the lather of the
detective, b'hn T. Norris. Another daughter ol Dr. D<>\er. Lii/abeth.
married Dr. lame- H-her one of Tiffin's early practitioners. Moth
were very polite and accomplished people. The Doctor i- -til! living
somewhere in Missouri. Our Richard Dover, the broker, is the young
est of the sons, and Frances Hannah was the youngest daughter. She
be< ame the wife of John |. Steiner. one ol the early lawyers of Tiffin.
I'x ilh are mnv dead.
It is impossible to remember all the old settlers here, and the names
of tho-e that occur are only jotted down. Many ot those on the Fort
ball side have already been named. There, also, li\ed Gen. H. ( '.
Drish. Valentine and George knupp. Andrew Love, \\illiam |ohn-on.
George Kagan. ('urtis Si-ty. l.e\ i Da\ i- and Nicholas Leibe. Mr.
Stinu. the father ol ( '. II. Ming, also built and carried on a little
brewer) on Sandusky street. Leibe. < oonrad and. Daugher married
three sifters. ( )t these six. M rs. ( 'oonrad. alone, is living. The\ were
the i] MI" ;i willow lady. Mr-. Staub. and sisters of the once
popHar lohn Staub ami 1 >r. Si aub.
AmoiiL! the i arlv settlers of Tiftin were a lew families from Germain,
ami liein:,' so tew. are e.is;lv < h- -, i ,1 ,ei i. The firs- tn- '<: I
writer ean < all ti m:m.l is that M! Mr. Amliew \lbtv.ht.timi
lie w.is a st> me m:is. .n .iin 1 brn k Liver ': ,\ t: a a \\ i: ( - t :,
hii'lren when lie (.line here. li:~ l.t'i.e; !.iw. i ;:(.-! >j
;i\ed with him. Mr. /ri> was with \ .; . I :-
.impaium ami \\.is imid <>l telling h> < \p';.i: g -. \\ :, .!.., ;.i!i
< anie 1'ihn Sn\iler ami ( hn-;opher >n\'!er. -:.'. ni.iKer ii\ ;i
who were nephew^ h\ a -ister '-I the ,,hl -.,;.!i':. I ,l;;i
I'.arhar.i Albert, sU'ji -d.iu^hter ,.i' a Mr. 1 I .iiirna:.:.. ami i.irr
^ln>e sho|i in '1'iflin until he died. !! ua- do :dedl\ 'he 1
maker littin then had. These people i anie here ;n the
J n A".^'.ist . ' '! i > ^;. the I anu .iml See w aid ! mi: 1 :e- a: ri\ ed hei e. aU, ..
the Vollmers. Julius Fellna-el. Joseph Ranker. \". dentine ami I. mils
Taumpler. l.uob l.nist, Henry llras-. the liLisius !amil\. I ram is
( I ilbert. Andrew I Hi >< mi. and a farm! v b\ the name oi M e\ <T-. \\\M> li\ <<[
in a two story Irame house where I Irnh's d.ru^ -lore u\\ -lands, and
where \le\ers tried tile experinien; ol a bre\\e:\ mi a -m.il! s, ale.
These institutions then required but small i apital.
I'uo brothers iVmn Marion. b\ th.e name : Ko' : b. ' :;' .D; ,;!.,-
b r e w e r \ . u p o 1 1 ; h e h. i ! ! . n e a r the i r - . 1 1 _ o > a n d : - k \ i Market
1 red-, r.' k I I '.::'!:..:.. 'l.e I .iu!ha\ei :.in :\. ,.nrf| n. . \ ''!: . '! i..
i 7 .srj. when but :\'.\ \ \ e.n s old,.
< Mill i .n o! \\ :nwe:,er. \t tin
,,, Near ,,1,1. and th,- .oiv he!;
.Is he w i - . I h e ! I e -, ! a : : l , . . ; . ' e .
the s'i, -.,:..: h. : .'.. ;n
l..!l',w;n^ '.. I i
- u i h 'hi' ; . - \\ i
,;;>' har-e ,,
am!],', a, In-!- 1!
ami an . 1 1 \ a 1 : ' : - '
2^2 HISTORY 01 SK.NKCA COUNTY.
\\ e Americans understand a "forester"' to be a man that lives in the
woods. The word is understood otherwise in Kurope. 'There it means
an officer ot the "forest department;" one who superintends and takes
care of the kind's torest. and prosecutes offender^, against the forest
laws. etc.
( )n the j;th day of lanuary. iSoi. lather wa- married to Catharine.
the daughter ot" the school teacher Schuet/. in \"order \Veidenthal. .111
old Al-ac;an t'amily. This union wa- blessed with nine children ->even
daughters and two sons. Two of the v; : .rl- died in childhood. l.oui-a,
the oldest daughter, married I'hihp Seewald. tlie jeweler, in Sep'em
her. iXj.s. Kli/alieth. the second daughter, married lohn Ciros>. a
cabinet maker, in March. iS-i; the other uiris were all marrieil here
1'hilipina wa- married to Valentine Seewald. in Tiffin, September. iX^.
>i>oii aliei' we arrived here. Henrietta married Mr. |. M. /ahm. laic
county treasurer. Mav j. 1X^6. and Hannah married Michael Schoch.
wl;o died here \\itlun a lew months alter their marriage. Hannah
some time after married Mr. l.dwanl Swander. well known in Seneca
count v as an intelligent and -ncce-siul tanner. Mr-, /ahm is the only
living daughter. Uotli sons, the Kev. Henry l.anu in I'Yemont. and tlu
wriU'r. ve! remain.
The vcrv fact that father held his office from hi- nineteenth to his
si\t\ founh year, when he re-i^ned it to come to the I'nited Stales.
prove-- ho\\ m".' h he was a])prei ia!ed a> a man and an officer. bein_ r in
the posseion of hi- oifn e -ome fortv three years.
\\' : i ame b\ wa: ! . I'here were no steamboat- on
the Rhine, and no railroad-- on ihe ( ' m linen 1. \\'e let"! Havre de i '. r u e.
at i h.e mo ' ' , S, ine. on I lie j (' h da.y of .\|/ril. i ^,;s- "'' ' alter
2~\\} da\ i illowiiiL: lune. I'he family was i>n the wav Irom April
v! to Auu, r :i-t iSth, when \ve reached Tillin. alter making a journey, bv
water and I over \- 3 miles. The name < .1 the old three
ma-' ' i iiij, i! ' '! - over \va- |e|ier>on." and -he
I ' e ; .. i ,; . -e! tiers \ e ! ! ;\ . ; ,_; remember tat her I .a nu i n h ;-
' dre--,. bearing ' :' -I \ i ' and i < >\< <r i hi- 'ormer
' ihe -anie r . >li iy MM 'i;-> head. He \\ a -, IP. e
r\ --r.ii^'n'. \\;i; '.'. r ! bearing, had laru'e
. i ! 1 1 : 1 ' ! i n i ; : . : ; . . ' . w , i - i di m a ! 1 1 1 v. t i i
1 '. ' ' . . ',\ i r 1 1 : n a n_ er.
Nortolk. Virginia.. I poti his ivturn to Maryland he engaged in the
mercantile business, which occupation lie pursued as long as he was in
active lite. In iSio lie was married at Fredcricklown, Maryland, to
Susanna Fundenburg, a young lady well known tor her beauty and sweet-
ness ot disposition, which made her attractive and lovable through the
whole ot her lite, and especially in her latter days, binding to her. with
the closest ties of affection, children, grand-children and a host ot
friends. With all her personal attractions and her warm nature, mother
('ronise preferred her home above all the allurements of society, where
she would have been a queen in any circle.
In iSjC) Mr. (/ronise came to < )hio in company with several other
gentlemen, and being very much pleased with Seneca county, located
several sections in ditterent parts ot it. and purchased a house tor his
home, which remained such for nearly thirty years, during which time
it was a sort of open house for neighbors and friends at home, and dis-
tinguished strangers from abroad.
Alter his purchase he returned to Maryland, and in the tollowing
year sent out a number o! wagons loaded with dry goods : himselt and
tamily. then ((insisting of a wile and live children, tollowed in a short
time, coming across the countty in carriage- and on horseback, and
being four weeks on the road. ( )n reaching Tiffin, the family moved
into the house thus provided: it was located opposite Navlor's hard-
ware store. Four oilier children were born here, making nine in all.
In I.S.JQ Mr. ('ronise established the I'tiii Hit >'<-nit,\ and operated it
as its editor against the election ot lieneral Harrison, with great force.
Mr. ('ronise was elected to the legislature twice: once as a member ot
a member ot the Senat
t \ t
sal
in tin en <
t, and >>
. small, clem lied lips, a tine
ia\v. no.se ordinarv. ncr\ ous-biliou> tempera
s the possessor trouble wlieii unaci oinpianied
iron will. It is apt to lead to impulsiveness.
ike this geiicrallv a> :- betore it thinks, but it
onl\ at times ot high politii al e\( itement. In
li;-> j<riv.i!r li'r :l vv.i> >i .in r!\ f. i r .I!I><T \ .ililr. !!
In ihr Ih'iii-M r.ii^. .in.l h.itdl in tir.- -.IMI-- r.t 1 !i\ :i
M.> i h.i!'i'.\ !.>r .1 JIM!;;;. .1! (;i>-iii\ . iir i\ii ,\ :: .\ i-
r!H mull.
'1'hi- I >'.-ni' n r.it^ in tin- < HIM: v :i<-\ :
SCM<-\ ;iml ( inntlin. cit!uT ln-iurr . .r -:,-,. r tip-.: .ii\
r.irn<->t. ,irti\\-. tiniiriiu. :in^c!n>h \.';\<-\ ^m_h: '.in-
,ihi >\ c ]icr-M >n.il .tinhit ion.
A^i'le trot n | M ill iic-. Mr. ('roni->r \\.i- \rr\ k.ii'
< i):ir!r'>u>. Hi' \\.l-> I;'M' .1 I.llhrr to the liru i miifi
r^ji;-< Lilly til l!lr * i iTMl.tll^. \vllil>C 1 ,t II .; ',1 .1 - i '
\vitii 'i!ln/i"> ss'.i-^ \ r; v ^'.roii^ly ni.ii'kril !i\ t!.'- ]>> :
!i !>]//. .tliir, \ c; ili^niiii'il iliMiu-.ui. >r : h i: :n t:'k>--''.| ':
^ini.i u'-Mti'-in.ui n!' t'n. it <la\. M.ir 1 ::- N t.!.i:f. |.
25') HISTORY OF SKNKCA COUNTY.
States and settled in Philadelphia. Pennsylvania, where he opened a
jewelry shop. When the Lang family came, in 1^3, they stopped at
Pittsburgh until Seewald and his family united with them, and then
both tamilie^ came to Tittin together, where they arrived on the iSth
day of August, i S- 3.
The early settlers will remember the jewelry More of Seewald, in
tlie large, hewed log hou.-e. on south Washington street, in Tiffin.
The iront end was devoted to jewelry, and the bark part to gun-
smithing. Ilere he lived until about 1^43. when he bought from John
(ioodin the lot where the RUM block now is. and where he li\ed the
rest of his days.
1 I e never made the Lnglish language a study, and spoke it very
brokenly: but he built up a good trade with his skill and general repu-
tation lor honestv. I!v close application to IMS books he became well
versed in general historv and the popular sciences o! the day. lie
was naturally a thinker and investigator: he took nothing tor granted,
and discarded everything that lacked a cause. lie was linn in his
judgment, and able to defend an\ position he took. His mind natur
allv lead him to the bottom of tilings. While he never obtruded his
conclusions on anybody, he was strong in the delense ol them when
once formed.
His witc died on the Mh day ot February. iN.p,. Three ol their
children were born in (lermany. and the rest of them in this country.
They had eight in all. of whom three sons ;md t \\ o daughters are still
living. Louis Seewald. the jeweler, i- the oldest sou; William lives in
New Mexico, and Philip, the youngest, in Hudson. Michigan. The
boys were all jewelers. The oldest daughter is M r-y ( )Mer, and the
voung r es! Mrs. Spindier. both residing in Tittin.
Mr. Seewald was married au'ain to Lli/abeth Staib. This union wa>
blessi-d \\i'h but one child. Sophia, who was married in the spring of
liiis year to a Mr. Koll, ot ('le\ eland, where ihey reside.
Philip Si '\\ald \\ is . . ibiist. i omp.K tl\ built man. very strong
. i nd m u si uhir. lie , ery large head, that bc< ime bald earh : well
pro; - . llfsh\ nose: deep -el blue eves; strong, manly
! e i . i [ i . e ' ! i . 1 1 1 1 e i o 1 1 ' ! 1 1 : : ' i 1 1 o 1 1 a 1 1 a rg e e ; i o u g 1 1
m e a s 1 1 r i ! o ( ' i n (i n n a t i . He was
\\ clL-hei I. \\ ' e! , '. ',} his 1 iesl i i;| \ s. lira r
ke him ri -: ',< -. he letl his bu-;iiess
, : i ' ' . . on ! n ; . i nd made up i lot ol ins: rumen i - \\ i; h
u ' ' ' i. s. The < lot k ;;i : he tower ot ihe < onrt
Th'i> IK- MKMH tin- atu-riji >. m .in<i CYI-MSM.,' "t h;> ;
rc.i'hnj <>r making " unctlr.n^ '.i^rinl or iti^i-nin'i-. I
kn'\vn ,i> t!i'- j>r;ni ip.il wait hrn.ik'-r .'\ 'l':ttin. ami a> .1
iiinliiK liin.; .ntc^n'.\, liiul 1 .'^ f>'r<-Mi'-.l \>\ <-\ cr\ \>- :\ I
CHAPTER XV I!.
ADDITIONS TO TIFFIN THE FERRY THE BRIDGES T H E TOL L BR I DO E THE
FREE BRIDGE THE BURNING OF THE FREE BRiDGE THE CHOLERA-
FREDERICK HOFFMAN LITTLE CHARLOTTE JOHNNY DALR Y M PL E T HE
RAILROADS FIRST TRAIN TO TI FF I N -H El DEL B ERG COLL EG E REV. E. V
GERHART. D. D. REV. J. H. GOOD. D. D. - REV. GEO. W. WILLARU. D. P.
I 'I' \\<M I.]) require a hook by itse'n to give a lull description ot the
numerous additions that were made to I itlm ami to l-'ort Bali, ami
finally to Tiffin proper a> a city of the sec oml class, trom time to time.
The reader must be content with a mere referem c to the same. At
the commencement of this work, tear tor want, ot material to write a
book was uppermost in the mind of the* writer, but now. and as he is
abo'it < ommer.c ; ng this chapter, he is troubled to know what best to
leave out. to prevent the book from becoming too bulky.
The desire to write personal sketches ot many more ot the old
pioneers i> very strong, and should be indulged would space only per
mit. Mcing conscious of the fact, that in the great stream ot time
generations alter generations appear upon the stage oi a< tion. and are
swept away in their order into the vast ocean oi the past: and of th>
other fact, that we are torgotteii by the tew that ever knew us. to love
or to hate Us. about a> fast as u e go 1 am strongly reminded of what
my dear old friend. Frederick Kicser. F.s ( |.. the able and illustrious
ed'tor of the \\~, .<(! ' . in ( 'olumbiis. once >.iid to me. speaking on the
subject ot" ambition, vi/ : that about all vou can say of man is "he w.ts
b' irn. took a wife, am i died."
Yet. as thi- narrative progresses notic es will be taken ot a charac ter
here and then . th it shail be deemed proper in its place.
The ! oilowinj are the additions made to T'ttm. trom the time of the
lir-t pii'tinu. New l-nri IJall: Iled^es' northern and southern
i ": : \orri- ind (list's addition, lune 15. r S_;> : Raw
>on's addition. M i \ , . i ^ , ; : S 1 1 > a ; h t : ' d ( i r a ! l - . I a 1 1 ; i a r \ j < j . i .S ^ .4 .
Kei'. : ; ( , : 's. , uiie date . | rp n i i : _- . N o\ .. -m I .-r i ;. i S ^ j ; \\'illianis'.
\ ] : - 1 .' . : ; ; . \\ ,i _ _i 1 1 ,1 ]'-. lan'i.ir\ i ;. i S ;() : Sheldon s. Se| it em be i
i i . i > ; s . I 1 1 . ; _ d aildi'ion. |ul\ 2 f >. i ^; i : Ia\ is'. Mav i(>.
iS;.}; S|H iliml.lle. \l.l\ . I S; } . I '. ; \
\! irrh. iX;<>; >e;ie\ s. I >e
_;. I X;; ; ! |e;hn. ill's. l';'.\ i |. i - II
Ji. 1 N;i) . Mill <!;\ !-,<>!>, i ! 1-it - I .1' !
I,!,,, k S: Noii'eV Vole', ;i .!. I
iii\i.i,.n ..I "U! :,,:- \,,s. i, .in.i ; . I ,. : . i
!-: Mr-. \\ i!kerV Mi-. \\ i.k
'I ..mil'-; i .:"-
M--.M1.1: I 'I 1 . !!.- ,I'r. I , ..
Sm.li-r'-: Mo h.us:. .h. \\ ', M
( i :!>si m'- . * i 'A ir.n's . >h i -A li.ui' - Hi' '
i ! ,---: x, I,-:!,,---!',: K ml! A < %V(*> ' ! '
(, 1 i. i .!..-!:>'. 1. iJ.i'ir^: I I ,!\ u ,t: .!', 1
\V i . I !-.:.-': /ri-K-r'-: I >:ii^t <in.t!:
Hi- iui.ir. '> -M!I ili\ i^ion : \l .1; . .1 i ' K 'ihn's
il!\ \i.in : \.)h;r\ jv -'ih .iixi-inn. 1 i,- :
.l'i'i. The !''!> WiTc 1 I'r 1111 1 11 1 u Tn! . ! '. NKl'c i.
Thr^r .11 1< lit :< 'M> .Ulii thr -r\cr,l! ,li:;,r
in. nir tVi'in time In tiinr. u:t!i vi-r\ ;; '
tin; ->r\iTi' i,l\v >'! the 'Lite lll.lt j;\C> i.llli'.ei
tn lie .IP.llexeii, im \D;I e Ml 'he llle.t . n e. h.i
i its tu einhr.ii all i !" >e< t imi i <i. .1', ; > ' -
h'Mnlretl ,i T :d !nr!\ :i< re> . .ilimit utie hiMrn'.t
jii. inure t) 1.1:1 inie h.iii nt --ei (!i>n - . i:. i
,u re> nt >ei t i' MI i S. ;n ( 'hut' MI ! i\\ t -'
I n the i. ill i M I *.;.; M : . I leiL 1 ' (.it:'' i
i M 'he !e.u lili- < .U'jie liters .U tl;.l! - !:i< . '> ' <'.
r:\er mi \\ .i-hin^'i MI street. S'tUK* "' ''>
i!':rnm the tullnuin^ sj.rin- .unl -':i: in< r ''.
20O HISTORY OF SENECA COUNTY.
pieces of the Tymochtee bridge approaching, they got away just in time
to save their lives. When these pieces of the Tymochtee bridge struck
the gathered drift the whole mass went together, taking the new bridge
along.
In the summer following Mr. Hedges built a better bridge at the
--ame place, and when it was done he employed a colored man to
collect toll. This was the first and only toll bridge that Tiffin ever had.
Karly in the spring of 1836, James W. Hill published a notice to the
effect that he had rented the toll bridge from Mr. Hedges for the term
of three months, commencing on the ist day of April, 1836, and called
upon those who had bargains with Mr. Hedges to cross the bridge, to
call on him, in order to renew their contracts, etc.
The bridge was a great convenience, but the idea of paying toll
became annoying to tanners, as well as to the merchants in Tiffin, and
a plan was put on foot to have a free bridge constructed over the river
at the west end of Market street. A subscription list was circulated,
and when the requisite amount was subscribed the contract was let. It
was a wooden, truss bridge with a roof over it. (luy Stevens, Benjamin
Biggs. John Park and Dr. James Fisher were the building committee;
Andrew l.ugenbeel was treasurer.
There was great rejoicing in Tiffin when, on the iSth day of Febru-
ary, 1837, it was announced that the free bridge was opened to the
public. It cost >2. 200.00. Fledges' toll bridge became a free bridge
also, as a matter of course.
. This covered, free bridge was a fearfully dark place after night, and
the women on either side of the river refused to cross it without pro-
tection, after dark. Some time after, lanterns were put up at each end
during dark nights Peter Vaness established a 1 irgc carriage shop
where I.oomi*. .V Nyman's foundry now is. near the bridge, and when
the carriage factory burned down, the bridge caught lire and burned.
The old toll bridge lasted for ten years alter that. when, on New
Year's night of 1847. it was swept away by a freshet. Then the county
ommisiioners put up in it-; place one of the most wonderful contriv-
ances tor a bridge that was ever seen. The plan ot it was simple
enough, but the great quantity of material used in its construction
-urpriscd cvu'vbodv but the commissioners. The -tringers that were
ia:d trom one bent to the other, and on which the plank were laid
i ross-wise, were of such ponderous si/e and weight that they absolutely
: 'i'oke the whole fabric down, very -0011 after it was finished.
\\hcii the people ->a',v the danger of an accident, some one nailed
boards across the ends of the bridge to keep team^ from going on it,
i m i:kii'i;i
and in less th.in a week \r\\\ that time. down it went. Then \\.
structed the \\ire -M-pen-urn brid^i-. i
j.Mrjiose tor some t'.me. and whit h ,i'>
i>re-ent In-autitul iron -in. ture. :>rin_; '
sin< c iX^.
The free bridge on \Iark< -
tin- J'lth da\ it" lannary. i \- ;. and
bridge-, wh:< h wa- built l.y ilu- < >'*?
X'anoss' i arn.u
and the rmij' ot" the lu'id^e t->'k live :r-'!n :: \\:;:.:n :\vc:r.\ tuiiritc-
tliereat'ter.
'1 he ni< irninu <>! the j.jthd.i\ ni Aj'r:!, r->;;.u.i- > ! a:.d !>ra.i:^.
the -Mn >hiK- in-i^htly \\liile the rl>t> < <\ -\}>- Ati.int:< ra:i -e: ::::. :hi-
nimith i>i the Seine at Ila\rede (iraie, l-ratuc. \ lake a'ivanta^i- n!
the tide. -<:\ era! American ]>at ket-, in the harlmr \vere niakin.; ready i"
leave the ]>rt. Sailr> were r'Hinin^ t> and !r; -nine \<\> ir. ihe r.^^in.:.
others hoi-t in^' the anchor : -ome -|n.-akii'.^ 1 .n_;!:-h. -oine ( .ei man. -onie
I 1 rench, -oine Spani-h; some were -in^ini;. -ome -wearing, and all were
husy. l'a--en.;er- < rowd:nu onto ;hr ho.it> wi:li their ^oods. had the::
(Ki-se- examined and their liertli- a--;., f nei! ;.i ;!u-iii. 'Ihe c!>;> \\a- v.j'
to lii^li \\ater mark, and the time had < onu- to "let ^"." l'!:e l'eu -a;]-
tliat were -treti lied -uel'.ed we-tward !>y tl'.e penile I'l'ee.'e; the r f ;d.dei
jroaneil. and th.e old "|e!Ier-on" be^an to mo\ e.
'I'wo >ailor- pniled 1151 a hiuitini; a; the loot (it ttie reai ma-:, and
svhen it L r ot hi.:li enough to cati h the l>ree/e. it untoided the "Star- ar.'i
Stri|ies" i >t the I Hi ted State- c it A merit a l"r t!ic- !:r-: ' ;me !<> th.e <-\ e-
o! the write!'. Ihe emotion-, that ii'.ied m\ hear: at the -i_;ht I w . '.'. ;,>
undertake to de-< riln-, tor tear m\ kind. ;- ; idrr- ::i _;h' :!;.:. k me !.
|!:]t think ot a l>o\ \\ith a warm, hoju-i".! nat'iic, v;r.:.:iv awa\ :r-'tr. :
,iati\ e laiul to e-ca]ie it- . ij .;. ]-<--,:. m- and m. i :'a: \ t \ r inr.\ . >a \ :;;_:.
native -horc t'nr the land ot' hi- hopo ,,n'i de->;re-. t"r tlie tir-t ::n;e :r.
hi- lii'c -:and:n.: under the "tla.: ot \}\>- t:ee. ' .:'.< : uh.c ':. - :::[(
di - stin\ '.- to !n- wrought o'i! and \>>M > .m :;a\e an .>!ca !:>'\s ']:> wr ;
!e!t wlien !ea\ ;n^ I I a\ re de ( r.ii e
( >n iioard. .it" the Jet'tei ,on wi-re oi-.i- Irmdn :
_;rfs. m-'-'v trom I'. i\ iria and I'.i'i -. ' >: ''
-, i i n i . ; i : v , i i i n i d : e - i a m e t o I ! t ; : '. \\ '}.:''.. - < : ' >
or understanding. \\ lien we landed a! l',r.'.::
,>wn i" >:i;t ' -t' d.--':na: : >n. and a!'. 1 :
hei-e that - cne \ ear. in A-ij';- 1 . tiv i !
and the tarn 1 '\ :' l"h.n I ',. ( >,'..- : . i-:.
2<>2 H1S10KV OK SKNKCA COUNTY.
This Hoffman lamily was from Meisenheim. in the Palatinate, and
consisted of Frederick Hoffman, his wife and three children, John.
Frit/ and Charlotte. Charlotte was a little blue-eyed beauty, with fair
skin, cheerful lace, and flaxen locks falling upon her shoulders. Her
friendly, sweet nature, attracted the attention ot the people on board,
and she became one of the pets. Charlotte was then about three years
old. and had for a playmate another little girl that looked verv much
like her. She \vas the youngest daughter of a Mr. Maurer, on board,
and afterwards became the wife of the Hon. Charles PML-sel. late senator
from the Auglai/e district, living in New Bremen.
Frederick Hoffman was then about forty years of age. He was a
potter by trade: had traveled some: was very social and talkative
really attractive in conversation. He was a man of striking personal
appearance. His carriage was ver\ straight: lie was about five feet
nine inches high: not fleshy, but muscular. He had very black hair,
black eyes, and very long, black eye- lashes: a large nose, and rather
large, but well proportioned mouth: and deep, sonorous voice. His
manners were easy and gentlemanly. 'The writer has but faint recol-
lection of Mrs. Hoffman.
When the fain iky came here in the fall of 1833, though late, Mr.
Hoffman bought the lot now owned by the Hen/ family, next south to
Dr. McFarland, and immediately erected a two-story hewed log house
thereon. As soon as the house was done, the family occupied it and
i ipencd the first ( iernuin tavern in Tiftin. The first ( ierman dance in Tif-
fin was held there about ( 'hristmas that year. 1^33. The oldest MID. |ohn
and tlie writer were comrades on board the Jefferson, and we renewed
our friendship with great pleasure alter we came together again here. In
the spring of 1^34 Mr. Hottman put up a potter's-shop and an oven on
his lot. and burnt several kilns of good pottery, the first in the county.
In iS^ the Asiatic cholera broke out in Canada, ami, sweeping along
the Hudson and tin; St. Lawrence, visited the large cities along the sea-
i oast. It raged with greater or less severitv trom Newfoundland to New
()rlean> in 1^33. In 1X34 cases occurred in many inland towns and
( ;tie>. About the tore part ot August in this year, news reached Tiftin
that several cases had proved fatal in Sandusky City. People in Tiftin
bcL r an tii lie apprehensive and expressed nine h c on< ern on the subject.
A constable, by the name ot John Hubble, lived on Monroe street.
H> \\ife died on the n;th of August. The doctors refused to sa\ much
about tin. i aiisc ot her death, and it was rumored about that she had
i a'.e;; _iveii < u< umber- that had caused her death. < )n the next dav a
-mall i !;: id '. a Cerman lamilv that i:\ed in the second stor\ of Mr.
Hnltman'-. h;i-e. died. Ii. the atterm.. i. nt tii.it !.iy ihi wr.'er :
thr i ottia to the h.i-e ami put the ln:!e :;- :itiit. 1 h- r.i-h
.d'-cnt Irom home, and the ino'Kn: w - ': '" \\.i.t !! hi- r--:':;-;
>he \MMild ha\e tin- ( IiiU! hnr.ed i -r-i :i_ il..-.\: -'i.:-. I ;i>';r.,i
I loti'man .it tlu- tVi ml door, and a!t< T t i! p i: - d He
j: i-' rei i >\ cred !rm an attack ! i . u'i- '.<:< :.! . * : \ : j
H i- pair t.u r. white -li;n ami vvli.'i ;.a:;;-. ; : m.-,_ a v .' :.'..
\v:th hi^ \er\ Mai k e\e-. anil ha.i. ii:.n!e ! ,-aj.| ' i: .
thanexer. '1 h ; ^ \\a> alum! Imir ..'I',,. IN I' \1 1 i. ( :.'. -.* .;._ :
.'.!n':it three n'e'lm k hi> -nil |i>htl i a!i'-<l nie .r;' n! 'iieij .u.-i : , .r
that i -hi'uiii i u'lie ilnwn ti the luui-e ail'! -aid h.- t.i'i; : \\.t- i\
\\ hen 1 re.n hei! tlie h"U-e. I >r. I h'e-ii.n !. . une mil am! I".'! me I
in in ha ! ihe'l \ < li'ilera. NII'A t i in-terna'ii in .iii'l .tl.irtn -)!"< .ui
\v: ' i !M'e i >\ er t lie- t> i\s n ami i i mntrv, anil 1 iM: n i iian^i 1 1 :' - a; ; .
\er\ rapitlU. I'.'i-me-- -toj. j.eil; people -ton.! .dm';! :':..
LTO'.-.JI-. >iiine prepared tn _:e' a'A.i\ ihe.nU. Several >'.':. <. r i
ni i irred in the next t\\ent\ imir hmir-. and a: tin- e;.' 1 . ..! ..;.e \\
iVoin the death ot Mr. llolt'inai] there were <>n \ ahoiit -e\ en tarn
ielt in tlie phu ' . I'.o-- 1'hiliip-. and aii the -Imp ham!-. v\e:v .in
tne riinau >i\ -. except a \oun_; man it'oin Mar\.ami. \I : \\.i-iin
nu -ell. Mr. ( ani plieii'- i ah met -hop wa-> a'-o -hut 'ip. >ti ire- .11:
i it her puh! it hon^e-, exi ept Sue a til - hi 't e! . u ere < ii i-ed. >> >:m nim
(ierin.in, > oti h aiid lr;-h latnihe-. had -'npped he:e
,ve-t. 'I he < mni-e taind\. the >eewald-. .Mid t!:e I ,in_ :.im:^
part of l'.o\er- staitl. lather tho'i^h' it wa- wron_ to ;;:. ,>.u \
e.u h otlu-r in time ot di^tre--. \\ il-i in and m\ -ej iiad ' l
- i\e-. and made the i nttin- a- :.t-' a- \\ i n-'iid. \ i :\ : . -,\
: 1'iuh hoxe- answer. ' 'ne Sunda\ \ve m ule -i \ I
. i \ -t'iii and i pile! d ! ir,n._ the da\ . "- . . . '\ a man . ; '.
..i ept the dm tot'- r'.lllll!!!^ hither . !'
. . i r 1 1 - - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 r > 1 1 1 1 1 ) a 1 1 \' h o 1 1 ^ e - . I :._'..' \\ .
2 f J4 HISTORY OF SKNECA COUNTY.
about thirteen years old. who, a few days before, was a picture of health
as well as a picture of beauty. I loved him for his friendly nature.
One day the mother came to the shop and requested me to come to
the house and take his measure. He laid on his bed with a sheet over
him. but looked as beautiful as ever. I ran to I)r. ])resbarh and told
him that I did not believe the boy was dead. The Doctor thought
otherwise, but gave me a bottle of brandy, with orders to make it hot
and rub it all over him with a flannel cloth. The mother assisted me.
and in less than one half hour the poor fellow began to move and
opened his eyes. Dr. Dresbach was called in and was much rejoiced
at our success. He took him in charge and in about two weeks the
boy was on the street again. The cases were getting less and people
began to return. The weather was growing cooler and slight frost i
were observable some mornings. People began to lake courage with
a hope that the cholera had left us. One morning Mrs. Dalrymple
came to the shop crying and told us that her son was dead. His was
the last case in Tiffin.
Towards the latter part of October all the stragglers had returned.
It is not true, as Mr. Butterfield would have it. that the disease was
confined to the (ierman and Irish emigrants exclusively. 'Squire'Plane,
David Bret/.. Andrew Fruitchy, Mr. Brookover, and many others that
died, were citi/ens here and natives.
The cholera returned again to Tiffin in 1849. in 18^2, and again in
18^4, with less severity, however, except tor a short time in 1854. when
on one Sunday, sixteen corpses were counted on the Fort Ball side,
where it raged with the greatest tury. On that day Dr. Hovey, with
the assistance of Joe Smith, (leorge \V. /igler, William Holt. Thomas
W. Boyce. Mrs. Mali aft". Miss [ulia Clear, laid out eleven dead at the
hospital alone. It took some moral courage to stare death in the face
in times like these, and the names of these heroes and heroines are re-
corded here as worthy to be remembered. All the doctors did their
duty, no doubt, but Dr. Hovey was, perhaps, the most a< live and indiis
triou-;. For five weeks lie was amongst his patients day and night
without changing his clothes. The Rev. Mr. Sullivan, of S^. Mary'>
<"nur<h. was amongst the tearless, and Dr. M<('ollum. until he himseif
was taken down. "There were giants in those days."
Strange as it may seem, the greatest mortality was on that side of
the rive;. whi< h may be partially accounted !or from the fact that the
pest house was built there: but with all that there were fewer cases on
the Tittiu Mde.
One tl.;ng mre on thi^ subject should be mentioned here. Mrs.
1 HI. I; MI HI >.\1>-.
Hoffman dk-'i within one week alter her lri>band, lea\
strangers in a stran_e land. The boy> \\en- :nn- ab!
selves. l.iltie Charlotte loimd a _.-d :
Kbert. who liad no < hildren. '1 ':.<
('harlotte and raised and ed'H ated !. . >.
a L;ood mother. A \o;m., l.tu\ : , I .:i;i.
heart alter -lu- liad _;roun up into \\ HIM:.: :.: '.:
the hujij))' wife of (ii>ver;iur !.<.<.,<>; I-
! i ! I I : \ M )..'!-.
It i-> said that ^reat r\eir.s -. nn.-f.nics !!::. :\ ::.c.r
The sniiiei '. '! a railroad to Tilliti irnm -onic
nearly ten years belore a li >< nn >::\ e was n-ii .
jeet of the Mad K:\er and Lake l.r.e ra:i!'oa
meetings were held in Titlin Iriii: t:nie ti> t;ine. < o!niu:'.tee- ap;' i.nti-
to raise sub-criptions, etr. In August, i\;:, the .V, /,';,///.<; ( '.'.;/. /: j,-;'i
lished an editorial in which i: \\.i- s.iiil that the j ;-<>-;"< :- o; a r--.i-:
were _;ood. and that S^o.coc had already been subsi rii-it-ik
In Septein'ier. i^^2. the fol'iMwin:; noti< e was ;. :i.;.-i
f \ltri, >t:
1L\II.K()AI> Nol'K I!.
Tin- UII'lTsii.'lu-il. < 'nllllllissJMlirls ,,[ >clifi-;i ei milt >.!'"!' tin- Mad K:\ ! alii!
Krif H. li.. will l'<-n ! ks f,,r siil,>,-ripli>.n ,,f st,,,'k !: >a;.i I.M.| ::, T::!;n.
Sciifi'a eniintv . "It the t'i'liltli da> > '1 <>';. .1,,.;. 1 s.;_'. ;l i :), ,.,,.-,,, (,.,,,.,., , t |.;;,
Nun-is. II KM! V ( ({( i.\l>K.
.lo^IAll Ili:ii.!>
'I'he first s, )d for this road was i ut at the end o; \\ a -
dusky. ' 'hio, on the ;th day of September. A I'.. !-;;. l-\ lie:
1 1 irrisoii, oi Cinrmnati. assisted by lio\er:ir \ .(.:< 1: < i-.
was one of rejoii in.;: banner-- were hoisted to ::. .-. \\ :
and son_ r iilled the air.
The tra< k was laid alon^ \\ a'er -'.re--: '..tlu
lames Hell was tlu- civil i-nuineer I- >r :-'":.>::':':.. .. '. U . ! '; .1
his assistant. The lir->! loiomo!:\e, ( a.'.ed '.}'.< " .-
there in i^.^S. and, \\.i-, u-rd ;n the i ^n-:r : ' >::
fall of iS-S. tiie line was < omp'ie'.'-i; ' !'. .. ::'.'.'. !::
first train r;n tliere. Tliom.is II >__;. \v':. > .i: 1
island, \v is the engineer. lo'nn I'.r.'!. :. >\s .
( haries i 1 ; ^^;n s. also de id. wa- <';,'.
i' iconn iti\ e " >and'isk \ ," .1 -ma! : .
freight car. not ev eed:n_; :\M'nt\ : --e '. . ;.v:h
mained !'!" siime time '!;e on.\ a< i '::'.'
dise. ! is - ud this 1,,, o iv .o- ..,- w.*, , rs- o::,- .:, An-.e:., a :h.ir !-.
2()6 HISTORY OK SI.NKCA COt'NTY.
-team whistle. In iS,V) work was done from P>ellevue to Republic.
The first locomotive reached Tittm in 1X41. Conrad Poppenburg was
the engineer when the first passenger train ran to Tittm; Lamest Kir-
rian was the fireman both still living. Paul Khmer died in I rbana oi
cholera. He was also a hand on the train.
Since then, another route had been opened through Clyde and the
ild route entirely abandoned and taken up. The old charter bears
'late lanuary =;. i^^-. The company is now known by the name ol
Cincinnati. Sandusky and Cleveland railroad, and runs over one hun-
dred and ninety miles of rails. Its main line is trom Sandusky to
Springfield, a distance of one hundred and thirty miles.
The Columbus division extends from Columbus to Springfield, forty-
five miles, and the Lindlay branch extends from Carey to Findlay, a
distance of sixteen miles. This line ot road is proverbial tor its steady
and safe traveling facilities, and is out- of the best conducted roads in
the country.
The Tiffin, Toledo and F.astern railroad. On the first day of May.
1^7 v the first regular passenger train was run on this road. It traverses
the county in a northwesterly direction. This road is now consolidated
with the Mansfield. Coldwater and Lake Michigan, and is completed
from Mansfield to Toledo, now under the control of the Pennsylvania
company. Its depot in Tittm is near the "tunnel." where the road
crosses Washington street. The road is doing a large business.
The Baltimore, Pittsburg and ('hit ago railroad was completed to
Tiffin in the early part of 1X74. It is under the general management
of the Baltimore and Ohio company, and crosses Seneca count}' nearly
ea-^t and west. The bridge of this company across the Sandusky river
is of iron, and decidedly the best railroad bridge in the count}'. The
i ompanv is doing a very extensive business, but their present depot in
Tiffin i> a little board shanty, unworthy alike ot the road and of Tiffin.
The Lake Lrie and Louisville railroad runs through the northwestern
part of the ( ounty to Kostoria. and the Columbus and Toledo railroad,
runnitiL: through I!ig Spring and London townships, also touching at
I i istoria. are in lull operation.
The Potnerov road so-called), and hereafter to be known as the
Atlantic and Lake Lne road, has been graded tor some time, and is to
lie put into operation during the coining summer. It run^ through
Sener , and London townships: aUo touching at Lo^toria.
'! ii'i- ( ; ' on nt\' is i ut bv ti\ e rad roads, in constant ope rat ion.
with ' in immediate prospect, and -I'll another east and west
1 1 1 1 1 M I i k t . ( 1 1 1 I I ( . I .
1 he Tittin .UK! 1 nrt \\ ,i\ IK- i
t\vent\ -Ii\ e \ car- a_'o. I: :-a'n.o-t \r^> '!ten. !< ;
h>-t. <r\ .
The ('union l.iiu- K\lcn-,on. iii.it ua- :.. ;
and toward- the i on-trm tion ! uh,. h I ;tl;n ..-.
line i ontriliuted -'' lar^cU. u a- am-tluT <
.unl roMii-rie- thai h.i\ r ( < >ntr.t>u;r<i - iar.;e.'. '-
m>t in tin- railroad nn.;. and licion^ \\\ ! '.}.<
< .uitii>u-> ami rclin taut ul.cn tlu-\ air :\\\ ..-K.
the li'i;lc!;nu tit another railroad. I he mum i
Man-field. ( 'olduati-r and I ake M;< hi-an, \\!io :
their >u!M-ri|'i:oti tin- ^erond time. lia\ e -i
f e n i ; - e - .
I he e-tal>il-linient oi th;- . olliyc ij
tunned ( 'hureh oi < >hio " to tound iti-ti tnl ion- n.iniei\ . .1 . >!le_e and
a theoio^H al -cnnnar\ > where it- . amiidatc- tor ;hr m;n;-'r\ m;^i.'
obtain a mil and < ,>ni] ilete . la--:, ai and -< ieiititii cdi;. .it ion an, i u lu r<
al-u ail other- lift in... tor the dillcrent prole- .n-. m:^h: ha\ e ;'
in.-ncn; ot that edm atioii.il training -o nn e--.ir\ ;.; - 1 ;, , e-- in oti.rr
A a\ -.
I n the year i S^o, l\e\ . 1 1 iram >ha'ii!, the pa-!' <\ ' > >'. : he I :i -t Kc:orir.<
( 'In in h in I itlin, \>\ prompt and eneruet .< a. t ion. -,,,,< dcd .;. , .';.; a. -.
in:; -nil-, ription- to the amount oi Si i. ; truin ;!.e . ;'..-- ,,:!::
. i IH 1 \ 1 1 i n I i \ . t o 1 ie d. , ) n a t ed t o t ll e p r > > ..!-.,:,' r ., . . , > : ; < < ; . . : .
that it be lo, ate,! a! I ;tlin. "I he prop,!--; -A.!- p'i,'. :. :'..(
-. y n oi i . a t N a \ a r r e . ' > i i : , > , : 1 1 > , p ! . n i ! > < '. ' . i - - - u
at on. e c!c, ted !" , 'pen the -. IK >< il
in., innei:! ion u ;th the-e in-t ;' ".;
tliirt \ \ ear-. 1 hc\ were K . -\ . 1 . 1
clc. ted a- pi', ilc --or ot nia'hcma 1
I larke ( oiint \ . < Mr,. ,. clc, rc,i .
I h,-c -entlemcn proinp!',\ i >>|U*i
ame \ car, opciieii ' !n - h. .. .
, .died " ( 't imiilen :.il l\. .u
; i r o ; c - - ii r - . < . u r. a - - c ,1 the , - \ : . :
268 HISTORY OF SKNI'.CA COl'NTY.
containing five acres, was a donation from losiah Hedges. Ksq.. the
founder of'l'iftin. The college was named "Heidelberg College," after
the celebrated ['ni\ersity of that name in Germany, and in honor ot'
tlie only symbolical book of the Reformed church, namely, the " Heidel
berg Catechism." The basement story of the college building was
put up in the autumn of 18^1. The corner stone (donated by Pr. Llias
Heiner, of Baltimore, Maryland. > was laid on Thursday, the i^th of
May. 18=^2. by Major Lewis Bait/ell. President of the Board of Trus-
tees: on which occasion an address on the " Pignity ot Labor" was
delivered by General S. L. Carey, of Cincinnati, nhio, in the presence
of a large audience. The campus was subsequently enlarged by the
purchase of four acres from Hon. \V. \V. Armstrong, of Cleveland. < >hio.
The college building was completed in the year 18=52. at an expense ot
$1^.000. and occupied for the first time in the autumn of that year. In
1871 a large house tor the residence of the President was erected, at
an expense of about $4,000. In 187^ a large three-story boarding hall
was erected at an expense ot about $8.000.
The following is a list of the professors and teachers who have been
connected with the college since its establishment:
Rev. R. Good. A. M. Rev. J. II. Good. D. D.
Rev. L. V. Gerhart. P. P.. Pres. Rev. II. Rust, A. M.
Rev. M. Kiefter. P. P.. Pres. Rev. J. H. Rutenick. P. P.
Rev. I-;. ]:. Higbee. P. P. J. B. Kieffer, A. M.
Rev. GAY. Aughinbaugh. P. P., Pres. Rev. G. W. \\Tllard. P. P.. Pres.
Rev. Joseph A. Keiiler. A. M. Charles Hornung. A. M.
Rev. P. Greding. P. P. Rev. C. II. G. Von Lutenan.
Rev. H. Zimmerman. ('. S. A. Hursh. A. M.
Rev. A. S. /erbee, A. M. Ph. P. Rev. C. C. Knepper,
Mrs. A. M. Lee. Miss Sarah J. Thayer.
Mrs. Lli/abe'ih Gerhart. MissO. L. Ruteni< k.
s M. A. Morit/.. Miss lane Harts,,, k.
Rev. \V. II. Fnmeman.
I'r
L.hvin R \Villard. A. M.
[ I' Moore. A \L
Kp: . l-pstein. M. I ).
HHl'l I I'l k>. < i >i I K
The !'->llowiim table will -ive .t
.itteinlani e :
'! 1 f ' .1 \ 1 \K.
IN ' > ; i i ' , i -
1850-51
o
149
149
1851-52
26
148
174
1S52-53
29
177
206
1853-54
47
^75
236
1S54-55
43
i >4
IS 7
IS55-56
22
125
'47
'856-57
32
i ^
!' <>
1857-58
*9
".>;
' .1 .i
1858-59
_-s
' '> '.
5-
1859-60
2 1
84
"S
1860-62
29
3*
i 27
; ri- 2-64
23
: i,;
J 'S
1864-67
41
'37
I 7K
;S67-5S
7 1
156
2 - 7
. S6S-5g
72
; in
:S2
! 869-70
^5
jS
! M
1870-71
65
! I 7
I&2
1871-72
i
83
'49
'872-73
61
~s
"39
1873-74
72
124
I 96
1874-75
102
1 06
^2 !
1875-76
90
75
165
187'. -77
88
7"
158
1877-78
84
85
169
1878-79
So
8a
168
j;o HISTORY OK SKNKe'A COUNTY.
Tiffin about six months later than the College. The professors in this
Seminary have been the following, the two last being still in office:
Rev. I'.. V. (icrhart. D. D.. Professor of Theology.
Rev. M. kieffer. 1 ). D..
Kev. 11. knst. A. M.. Professor of exegetical and historical Theology.
Rev. |. II. (iood. 1). I).. Prof, of dogmatic and practical Theology.
The invested funds of the Seminary amount to about S^.ooo. It
has u large library, donated by various persons. The largest donation
wa< made by Rev. II. I lelnenstein. of Pennsylvania. The number of
students in the Seminar) has been as follows, for the different year>
since it has been in operation:
M \1IN\RN YKAR. NO. STl'PKXTS. S1'.MIN\RY YK.AK. N<>. STl'DK.NTS.
1851-52 2 1868 9
iS;2 10 1870 21
1853 14 t 1872 22
1854 17 1873 22
1855 i3 1874 21
i8s6-;7 15 1875 13
1858 13 1876 24
1859 7 1877 19
1860 9 1878 ii
1860-62 12 1879 9
i86_'-64 13 1880 ii
1864-67 4
1 >r. (ierhart was sole professor in the Seminar) i acting at the same
time as president of the ( 'ollege. > from iX;i to 1X5;. when he resigned,
to a< cept the presidency of l-'ranklin and Marshall ('ollege. at I.ancas
ter. Pennsylvania. From November ist. 18^5. to 1X61. 1 )r. kietter was
sole professor, i al-o being president of the ('ollege. i From 1X01 to
iXix; the Seminary was conducted bv two professors. l)r. kieffer and
Professor Rust. In iXfxj 1 )r. kieffer resigned, and I )r. (iood. then
professor of mathematics in the ('ollege. was elected his successor.
I-'roin iXiig to iXXo. the seminary has been in < harge of these two pro
lessors.
I-'. i:\ ! . \ . ( ,1 Kil \k I . Ii. I '. I IKS I I'RKSIPKN I I l
I! ! 1 1 'i.i 1:1 ' KI ; i ' iii |.. ( ,i .
l.maiiue! Vo^el (ierhart is tin/ eldest son of the Rev. Isaac (lerhar!.
inier Tnarried with Sarah \ogel. lie w:ss born at l-'reeburg. thei:
Uarr-n. now Snyder county. Pennsylvania, hine i^. 1X17. In his
second yi.-ar his father became pastor of congregations in l.vkeiis val
le\ : i, - \outli was passed in Millersbur^. l>a:i]ihin county, where he
en;o\cd tii'- ai!\. intake ot sin h elementar\ si hooU a- were then in
xi^u-m c. I I r IK-
thcr -i-n: him ! >
i! N i u k. l'< -nn-\ is
.iM. h. rh. 1 . \\
' 1 :: .ih. 1 Vni.-s '. . i:,
: _: i i 1 1 ! i i ' ! i i i i ' -
;i; IMI- i:> 'ji-..,i.;, a ^i;,!;.-
\v : ; : i ! i , > 1 1 . 1 1 1 . : 1 1 _; in I i u . i > , i i < i n y .:.
( i . ';\t< he! - \VtTi- tin- Kr\ . I ' ''!> M ,
i ITU- \ c.tr. .Hi' ! u In i iT-i^iu-' i in she :
I'll. I'.. ;''i ;\vii \car~- ai hi .1 l..i', :. \\
K.-\. J..lm \V. \rxin. I i. I '.. f.,r .
- ' I ( i C i ' i 1 1 ' ! . M . t \ i ' I ; 1 1 I S ) .
1 >'-. ( .crhart \\.i> 1;< m-.-.| :,. :.
l\c!' irinn I ( 'linn li in tin- I niti-ii
< >< tnluT. i vp . In \l.i\ . iS.jj. :.
i luin !)'> i:: I r.inklin < utimv. i'i'r!
1.1-.-I-,. in ' l;c I n'n in i hurt !i .it <
-n^a^cinrnt \\i\\\ the .ir.iilcnis \\
i "> ) j 1 1 1 ! . 1 1 1 ^ h ' , 1 1 M i 1 1 i r - i i ; i j 1 i '
.i - [i.i-h ir.il < li.ir^r. I >-:i in. v ' ;
(-.niciii < ' i ' ! ,u r; trv; i!i I !i>- !
2~2 HISTORY OF SENECA COUNTY.
and funds wore subscribed and collected for the erection of the First
Reformed Church, which still occupies the old site.
In the month of December. 1850. the Synod of < )hio and adjacent
states elected him Professor of Theology in its Theological Seminary,
and President of Heidelberg College, institutions of the Reformed
Church, which, during the previous year, had been located at Tiffin,
Ohio. Accepting this call, he removed to Tiffin in May, 1851. During
the summer he undertook an agency in behalf of the seminary library,
the seminary until then, havinghad no books. He visited Philadelphia
and New York, where he collected funds and many volumes. The
books presented and purchased constitute the nucleus of the library ot
this institution. A full report of his operations will be found in the
minutes of the Synod of Ohio of iX^. The offices of Professor and
President he filled for the term of four years; teaching and lecturing
partly in the Lnglish and partly in the (ierman language. At the same
time he served several organized churches: during the first two years,
three or four congregations in the vicinity of Tiffin. During the last
two years he was pastor of the Second Reformed church ((Ierman i in
that city.
The Hoard of Trustees of Franklin and Marshall College. Lancaster.
Pennsylvania, elected him President of that institution at its annual
meeting, held in 1X^4. lie accepted the call and moved to Lancaster,
in April. 1X55. His connection with this college continued until July,
i X6S. a period of thirteen years. In iX^X he received his honorary
title ot Doctor of Divinity from Jefferson college. Through the death
of the Rev. Henry Harbaugii. D. I)., the professorship of systematic
theology in the Theological Seminar}' at Men er>burg became vacant
in December. 1X67. At a special meeting of the synod ot the Reformei]
church, held at I larrisbur.u. he was chosen Dr. Harbangh's successor.
This call he accepted and removed to Mercersburg in* August. iX6X.
\\hen. in 1X71. the scminarv wa> removed from Mcrccr^burg to Lan-
caster, he continued in the service of the institution. The chair of
I'p>te>M>r ot Theology he has occupied up to the present time. March.
iXSo.
In the tall ot 1X64. St. Stephen's church was or-ani/ed in the chapel
it !'. and M. college, composed ot professors, families and students.
Ot this church he was made tin; pastor, and served as such until he
ceased tn be president of the college. When the Rev Dr. Nevin re-
t;red4rim '.he presidency, the associate pastors appointed Dr. (lerhari
presiding pa-tor of St. Stephen's church, and up to the present time he
ha-> been fulfilling the duties of this office.
1I<- i> the -Miii .if rhiiiji \':_':-::;-
n:m- ye.ir> ;;i i >s i la 1 rein. i\ ol ; ;
'.\'il'"V lie I'ece;\nl hl~. J >!'rj i.ir.l'.c i[ \ i'.
!!'.r ac.i'lflin . At tlu- ,i_;r <>: )\ mrtri-
i iilic^c. n.mu-iy. M.tr^h.iil ( ollc^L-. tl
:n (iiiin'.v. I'iMin>vi\ .1111.1. It \v.i- ,ii
hr. 1 . A. K.n. h. .1 . i-M.r.iti-.I M h..l
\'rar- :n ihc ri -i.ir.i'.i >r\ ilc.tniiKMH
: : .i elided In pre.'ih liy the M creei -!>ur_: cia--i>, and :n a :e\v
'.heivat'er lo'i'iwed a < a!! !<> I . an< a-'.er. ()h:u. Ironi (i, ;,>;HT
Mi'.il >, t,.!uT. iS.j;. In- labored a> |,a-t.>r ..I'tb.e I 1:1. a-t.-r a
Mattlu-w'-. KetDnned ( 'i >n^reua! ii m, l)e;n^ a' the -anie :;:nr- J.P.IM
a M-ILM t -i lio.il. l-'.lei teii \>\ the >h:o >\ nod t" cd.; it-. ]!
-tarted the //V./ r /;: .!/. ..;.'//- r in >\v kin \vn a- : ; ..- ('
ind I'libli-hed in l>.iy!..n. ( )h:<. Lie. :<! b\ the R.-'.t:nn d. ^\ :
N,!\arre. iS.|.,. .i> l'r..!rs,,, r ,, \| ,-;. ,,,.i; ,,..,,: ,-. ted . .
: . n 1 1 1 \ r i i : ; i ( ) i ! 1 1 ] i e r . i >- 5 1 > ' - < ' ' i : ' ' '' v> '
I ....':. ' i 1'ittin. Si'Hr, i , , , ;;; \ , I )', , ..
important pastoral charges in the Reformed Church, and was the editor
of the ll'is/i'-// .]//<.</, >/wr\. the organ of the Synod of Ohio of the
Reformed Church, thirteen years. Huisstill presiding over the college.
u liich ha> enjoyed a good degree of prosperity under his administration.
1 UK i_ H L'k^H K
-i\<:!i lu-n- in di-t.iil. \vh:U- ih.,*r ..i j'R v: .^
Th.- iittU-. !)';< k ( '.ith..!:. . h,i;"-i ..n M i, 1
tic-< ! il n.-il. 'l'1'.i-n- .in- - iti'y :> > br .ul' ii-.i i
[.a-'- if < >t '. In- ' li-rni in Inn !i. :;
.if:,-r.]
h i> ;ii>ci -.:i'n! ;!:.!' the l;!'!c
( b,-:n ii i-n-< !<! in < >!;;. Ati. :
tin- 1 ri>h pi-, ij.li- 'iM'il the i li.ij.f
|,,!i:i ( 'r-.w'.!^ i- <-.!' ::.!. I"::;.-
favorably with the grand edifice this dem miinat ion now owns on Mad
i-on street, but it was a good, large, substantial, hewed log building,
and answered very well tor the time. Their second church was built
in Reed, in i.Sj^; it was also made ol logs, and was located on the
Ravmond farm, one mile east ot the pike. Rev. lames Montgomery
used to preach in these churches occasionally, and also the venerable
Thomas Thompson, still living, and who was one ot the most pop-
ular and most generally beloved Methodist divines among the early
ministers in this part ot the country. The celebrated Kinleys also
preached in these log churches, as well as in privafe houses. The
house of John (libson. F.s<|.. in Fden. was a meeting house almost every
Sunday for a long time. The first presiding elder was James Mc-
Mahon. who came to Titim in iN-j;. and preached in the old brick
church, l.uther A. Hall. F.s<j. bought the old church, when the con-
gregation had put up the new one. now over the post office, used as a
club room, and made a theatre of it. The (lermans in Tiffin had
organi/ed a very good Thesbian Society about that time, and produced
good pieces for amateurs " Feldkimmel," tor instance. The Meth-
odists finally sold their church on the corner of Monroe and Market
streets, and built a large edifice on Madison street. When finished it
will be one of the grandest and most spacious church edifices in the
county. Services are now held in the basement. The membership is
nearly three hundred: the Sunday school numbers about two hundred
scholars. Rev. |. W. Mendenhall is the present pastor. This congre-
gation was admitted to the North Ohio ('onterence in August. 1848,
Rev. Thomas liarkdall. presiding elder : and Rev. F. S. (iurley. pastor.
I HI. I'Ki i ! l.s | AN"! l.l'lsi OI'Al ( 111 kt 11.
At the northwest corner ot' Jefferson and Market streets, is a neat.
commodious structure: has regular services now. but the membership
is not very large. The Rev. Williams is the pastor.
1 II 1 I 1 Ks i liAI'TIS'l I'ML'Kt H
In Tittin was organi/ed on the 2oth day of October. 1^57. by the to]
lowing named persons: Rev. l.yman |. Fisher. William |. ('rawtord.
Fii/abeth l rawtord. Harriet < ra w lord, William ( i all up, 1 . Hrownell and
I'.eniamin Tomb. The first public sermon was preai lied bv the Rev.
I '. I. < 'arnahan. Their i hurch was built on I'ern street, and dedi< aled
n i\ 1,1 heccmber. 1X00. Kcv. I . I. I isher preached the
dcdn ' mi the is! ihn ot |uly. i.S'),S. The chun h h.is a
iiKin boiil ',< hundred and littv. lis pn--ei;! pastor is ;he
Rev. ( i. ( i. H arrii
! lit
I 1 1 V I 1 K I - I \ I I K I \ N - 1 1 < I ' . 1 1
in I ittin is i>nr ot the !ar_;e-t .in-1 nv.-t .: |..,r:.in: r-lui-i'i- .INN. n i.it:n.
:n the city. as it is a!> one "I th i-.iri:---: l r i.-nnl'-T - .IMI :u :t-
members many il;->::iuu^hr.! i iti.-e l:.-.i
southwest (orner of Market ami \l"nro< -. \\ .1 -'.'..',: :i I*; h-
present membership is about one l;'iiiiir'l i:i-i :"::",. \\<-: I' I . lii^^r;
i- it- pastor at this time. The toi!n\v;:i^ ::.><>:: ,ii .VIMS .ify taken :r<'m
an anniversary discourse pr. i!)o',;m e.i ;i\ |\.-\. I >. li I'. ;c: . ]>a^t' n ot
the I ir-.t l'i'e^li\ terian ( lr:r h :
'I'he l-'if-i l'ivsli\ in ian < Imreli ..) 'I'nlin. >!H". u a^ : _'.ini/t ! al'ti: tin-
tir-'I i't' .Iu!\. A. I>. l"v';l. ami \\.t^ l'i>iiin-.| l.\ 1)1.- u ;ilicl!a\v .1! "!' nii-inln-i -
ti'Miu tin- Mi-liiiniv eluin-h \\IIM li\.-i| in -,iiii l'"it Hal! ih.in NI>-iin- ! '. In
l-vll tliis soei.-tv :n Tillin \\ ,i> !'.>riuall> eharl. !>! li\ ;hi- i.t-n.-ral \s>.-mlil\
"t tlic Mate nt' < >hi<>. as tin- I-'ii'st 1 '!.->! i\ I i-i I.HI I In in- h \ 'I'lttin. < >liii>. Th.-
eliartc]- mi-mlit-i's s\ ]' Milton .Irimin^s. I'ett-r Marsh. .lann-s \\ . i , . MI < '! u.-r.
Alien ('ami'lu-ll. \\illiam llunlei. .l.'lm \" I .IMI_'. K/eUi.-i Me 1 '.rn-n. .in. I
i ln-ii ass.M-iates." The In >ai'il \ ini-trr- name. I in tin- . h.u ;; . \\en- M :!ti:
.lenniiiL's. 1'etei Mai-ham! Al'.-n ( '.mipliel!. .lc\ ,.11! m.-n.
1 n the \ ear ls:;n |;.-\ . .1. .hn l!"l>in-"ii eaiip- !< the \\ iM> . .t >,.,,,., ._, ,-,.nni\ ,
|.ieaehni'_ r the -_'iis|u-l an. I ^at h>-ri!i_' ; he eai 1\ -! I lei - ! 1 'i --!'\ !< ! i.n. ): e.li-
!i-etii>ii in!" !-eal elmrelifs. lii the -iiiiiiiii-i ..| Is..]. ,, '.. .-a! .-hin.-h \v.i-
..ruani/e.l at Titlin. tin- l!e\. .|..lm |;i>l.ins.,n ..t]i.-;.ii :n^ as ih-ii -p:nlua;
!.-;i.| ( -r until the eharter uas -e.-iirril. in 1 ;:}. |'a;h.-i K..l.:n-.n i-, kip.un as
Tlie |{.-\ . .Inhll \|e< 'lit' hell, the .I],-, . - - ^
i-reil a i e\ :\ a! i-t \ i ai < !.iel an. I talent . a.-- !
; he int.-: MII I'r. 'in Is. 1 . 7 :< 1 - '._' ' he .;-.! !
I l;i||!i'!l HIM! li'e\ . .J.'hll \\ hippie, ;n ,-,
1 'i-iMli . n'l-Up'e'l the |.n!|'!i I I "li: .1 i.!.' .
.|..|m \|.-!.a:n NIII-I.!:.-.! 1 he ),,.:,,; :n 'I'--'
. 1 -h a: MeCiilehen^. il!e. |'.,.|n \1.,,
.Inn,- 'i. 1-'-. I>i:i,n- the i;- . M. 1
\|, ( iitel'i-ns'. ill.- ua- l.ui'.l. I. 1 ' ' 1 >. -N !."_-.
-llpl' 1 , !"! "lie \ eai . ! P 'In 1 h' lii"li! h "! I ''
|s,.;;. the |,'e\ . .1 . I'.. l.a].s|,-\ n,ili;s|, |.-.| !.. !h
,,i !.,,,,. I,, th,- ->|,i:n- -I 1-7 :!. K. , I. 1 1
!,.raie. an. I a< eej.i ':u. i..-. an,.- :h : : -: n-ta'i
1 |, ;,. the |.a-t"ia!'- -! !.' M :'' -!..- , .,i :
-anet uar\ hii i! I ' i '>' -' ' : - ^1
tin .re i "i niii' "!;''.- nil- .1 :M n. .-!'
,,;, ,-,-, -ml. ami ;he p.. , ! ' :..,n. !-..ni. .'!;! .
M"ii! ".- -: i i ' -
. . 'Illpl'-te.! . it |s >! :tiiat ! : ', 1 - - -
1 tr_'. |-ll! "i ha ~e . ! 1"'! a! !
ie.irh that sen.
2~S HISTORY OF SF.XKCA COUNTY.
lit'V .1. F. Pollock succeeded Rev. .Moore, and was installed as pastor in
1^7:;. during the inontli of September. After live years of faithful service,
lie resigned in March. 1^7^ accepting an invitation to South Toledo. ( >hio.
The present eiicumbent. the Rev. I). I). 1 Jiii^er. hein^ a duly installed pas-
tor. has entered tlie third year of his ministry with the church. The society
is in a nnt prosperous condition. The report for the year closing . I lily 1st
shows an addition of thirty to the membership, and over s.'l.iMin raised for
ecclesiastical and lieiievoleiit purposes, collected from the different depart-
ments of the church work. The following are the oilieers of the church:
David Smythe. \\'illiam Davidson.
lohn Kerr. Robert Lysle.
Francis Frederick Nathaniel Heck. ( 'lerk.
noAUI) <)!' TKfsTKKs:
David Laird. President. .lames T. Knolt. Secretarx .
Henry ('. Bait/ell. Treasurer. ('. D. Sprat^ne.
deoi^e H. Bornev. -I. S. IJott.
William II. Kempher.
This denomination has churches located in this county at Fostoria. Mel-
more. Hloomville. Mc( 'ntchensville and Republic. At the latter place a new
church is under process of building, and will be ready to occupy this fall.
PI, At K. ( in i;i n. I'Avroi;.
Titlin. First Presbyterian. Rev. D. I). 1 Silver.
Fostoria. Rev. .1. Iluuhes.
Mcl'utchensville. Presbyterian. Rev. U. \>. Moore.
Republic.
Bloomville. K'ev. .1. S. P.oyd.
Melmore.
Tliis is the only religious organi/.ation in Tittin constituted alter the
manner of the union of the Lutheran and Reformed churches in (', er-
many. a religious event tliat was cclcbratcil amon^ the Protestants ot
^outhern (iL-rmany oil the iSth dav ol November. iSiS.
'I'lii^ congregation in Titlin was or^ani/ed under a charter |ui>>ed bv
the general assembly of <)hio on the iqtli d:iy of March. i.S^o. under
the name of "The I Hited (ierman rivangeli< al I.utlieran and (lerman
I-'. van ^'clical Refot'ineil St. John's Congregation ot Tiffin. Seneca count v."
Andrew Albreeht. Philip Went/.. Valentine See\vald. I''ranci> Sotider.
\ndrea> lilooiu. Andrew I)eii/er. Plul'.ji Seewahl. lohn I)i;io. |a<ob
Piover and \\illiam I.uiu were tlie charter members. < )f all tlu-.-c.
\ndi .-. P.iooni. lacob Piover and the writer are all that ->ur\ i\'e. The
'.}' i on^'iit'ition \va-> adopted in iX^v Rev. Adam Adolph Conrad,
me >! the : re minded oi cliristian gentlemen, \va< it-- liixt
l>a-t'ir. am! -MTVO! tlu- <
tlii>. l\c\ . l'nnr.i'1 >rr\<-'!
l.i>\svr San>l:>k\. llr u
< >ral< ITU a! ; I'.vcr-. \\ in ':: .
him hi >>t> i M me m i> .niii '
>!< . i e. :.-.: . . \I: \\
i/ed !i\ f'M-iili'e .iml [M>eii< th.ii...h:. ..:. : tr'VrV'
d.ed trii im>nth> alter he [>reai hed hi- :':-' -
thrivi j>i MI -erved the r< in_:re_;a' a m ".;''' i " - -
il'.irin^ .111 iii'criin. Ke\. I. (\. \fi>.
I. utern. in !)rraine the minister aii'i -r:". r.i .'
('. /iininennan, 'he pre-^eir. im :iiu:>i-!i'. -; < ee
_;atin!i --Mllereil iii'ii h. anil liei anie m :i ':: vi-ii
tin- imlela' i^able lilior- aiui the ! is e :M'- ':.-
a< < i >ni['l;-heil < !:\ :iie. I lie li'in h h.i- :m re
r.-il ui'l iwentv ineinlier--.
1 lie lir>l meel:n_. hi i'1-.e < >\ '. h: - < >r. _ : _ it .
in:,', and -.'(imi .MI tlie -anie -]m; win :
i Inn h !inw >!aml>. mi -.nuili h'':' 1 -.'
and uavt: wayt'i 'h.e ]M\--eii' 'ir;k i }'.::<'.
i i i Miiim id,;. i'i> | p.ir>i m.iue ' '' ! h.e -.iiiii
ne< led with the < ll'li'' h. iriln! : : ' '. !:
awakenei 1 in l!i<- ( K : ::
invited the Rev. |ohn 1.. Sanders, of Frederick count v, Maryland, to
visit them, with the view oi becoming their pastor. The invitation was
accepted l>y this young minister, and on the Sth ilay of |une. iX^, he
commenced his labors among his ne\v parishoncrs. ( )n the jjolh of the
same month, a meeting ot all \vlio were desirous ot going into the new
enterprise, was called, at which time a constitution was adopted, and all
who wished to unite with the proposed organi/ation subscribed their
names thereto. As well as can he ascertained, they were: Thomas
l>err. Joseph ( )gle. (ieorge Stoner. lacob Kroh, lonathan Foil/.
Frederick ( 'ramer. Joseph Foncannon, John Kime. John .Martin. I-'./ra
I>err. Cliristian Ramsburg, Frederick \\ . Shrivcr. (ieorge Sclirover.
John l.eydey. William Haugher. Christian Stoner. Fli/abeth < >gle.
Susanna Ramsburg, Rosanna I 'err. Catharine Cramer. Susanna Folt/.
Fli/abeth Haughcr, Margaret Kime. Sarah Kroh, and Mary Feydey.
The next step taken was to elect a consistory, the members of whi< h
were to constitute tlie board ot trustees also. A meeting of the mem
bers was held for tliis purpose, on the 2 1st of July. iX^. when >i.\ elders
and six deacons were elected, who were ordained and installed accord
MIL: to the provisions of the Reformed church, on the same dav of their
election.
nriLi u.\< ; <>!' i HI: cin KCH.
At the meeting aforesaid, the consistory was anthori/.ed to purchase
a lot for the purpose ot erecting on it a church ediiice. to be built of
brick. The lot upon which the present building stands was purchased
froin (osiah Ileilges. for tlie sum of two hundred and tiftv dollars, and
was d.eeded to the trustees ni the congregation. known tlu-n bv the
name of the ( iegnan F\ angelical Refornu-d Church, on the lOth dav
of August. T.S^.}; tin- I'ollowing persons constituting the l>oard at that
time: |a<ob Kroh. lo-epli Foncannt)!!. Jonathan l-'ult/. luseph ( >-le.
Freder'n k ('ramer. l.i\id Ri< keiibaugh. John |)itto. |ih:i Kime. \\ii-
liam I'.au^her. Idni Martin. I'./ra Derr, and I'eter Schlo>ser. Immedi
ate stejis 'Acre taken to build the proposed < hnrch. l-'or \ arious reasons
the work progressed slowly, and the building was not rcadv for
< H c upatu \ mi mer of 1X^5.
Tin- Rev. !. 1 - Sanders, uho was liceii-ed and ordained to the Lfospcl
ir. -' ;' ' "f May. i X ^. b\- the M a r\ iand ( 'lasses of the ( iei
<.". RI-'I ' :r h. was the ni'st minister oi tie/ < on^regation. lie
r\e.; : ! ' me oi its organisation until the 71!) of .\o\ember.
>5- i! ik _ ' : : inie ot' hi s pastorate two and a half years.
1 1 1- MK i c-v.or \va- the Re 1 ., I rvdcn. k Rah.
buth the (ierman and Kn^'ii-h l.ui^ua^e- He
about tour and one halt \ear-, when he ie- ,;, .u:d \\
the Rev. haniel Kroh. uho had ;;- !>--e :.>>[
ministry.
The Ke\ . Kroh . ommeni ed lii- labm-- a- a-'-r i
iember, i.S.p;. and \va- re^uIaiU :n-:a'ii<
on the ijth o!' April, i.S.ji. The i hun h beiis_ u '.:.
time, the member- sitting mi -lab betn he-. \\ i- :::!,;
uh.;.li made :t a more < omiortable pi.i' e : \\ ;-!
'1 lie Re\ . Kroh .ontinued a-pa-ti'i ".ii'ii '.he i _:':: .; M
he re-!_;ned.
The R<-\. Hiram Shaull beeame h.i- immed;a'e
hi- pa-'orate the < hun h building, \vhiih haii no; ';
painted. \va- fini-hed. and wa- dedi. a ted a; " >';' the i -; . :
The Rev. Shaull. having been appointed bs tii-'b Mid
the Tlieolo^i. al Seminar) and, Heidelberg ('<i!'e_e. '..
a joint a^em \ tor the purpo-e .>!\-ndo\\ ;;,_; ;.,
iiiL. and t'eelinu' it to be h:- dut\ to .u . ^p 1 :h.
the pa- '.orate ot the . on_re^ it ion. \\l\.> h "! <;. , ,
uar\ . i >; 2 .
The Res. (ieor^e D \\oltV tlir
lor one \ ear. alter u h;i h he i f-;_r.^d. II :
i;, Jul\. i.s;.;.
\ tier a s ai ain \ oi i ij; \ . .\ \ . \ \-\ . \\ !\ .
I . a - ! o i . He i o m m e m e d ':
:, :-.,! -'ipenniend.-:- ,.; H.,-,. \|
.eren- board- ..: Ho:.; \I
\ \ ,n am \ a_;ain 01 . :;n ed '.<.' .
11.. be. ame ilie a-:or, 1 !
HISTORY OI-' SKNI-X'A COUNTY.
The congregation is in a prosperous condition, with a communicant
membership ot 230, and a nourishing Sunday School of 2^0 scholars.
There are now fourteen churches in Seneca count}" belonging to the
denomination known as the Re formed Church in the I'nited States,
descended from the Reformed Confession in ( lermanv and Swit/erland.
whose best known representatives in the reformation age were I'lric
/wingle, lohn Calvin. llenrv Bullinger, /acharias I rsinus, and Casper
(Hevianus. The settlers in Seneca county who founded these churches
were mainly of three kinds: first, those from Maryland (mostly from
Frederick and Washington counties); second, those from Pennsylvania
. I.ehigh, Berks, I'nion. Northampton and other counties): third, those
from (iermany and Switzerland (mostly from the Palatinate, or Rhenish
Bavaria. Westphalia. Nassau, llessia. etc). The following table will
show the location, founding and strength of these churches, together
with such illustrative notes as it was in my power to gather, which.
1 hope, will have a historical value:
TAl'.LK or RK.roRMK!) CHfKCHKS IN SKNKl'A COUNTY.
WHKN
NAMK.
First Churcli Tifliu. TiMin City. Is.'!:!
/ion's ( 'liurcli.
Thompson T'w'p.
ls;;n
Salem < 'Imrch.
Scipo. T'w'p.
ls.",7
St. .Jacob's.
Adams '!' w'p.
Is.'U
Blooiii\ ille.
Bloomville.
1 S')( I
Bascom.
Bascom.
I s'ii!
Salem.
Seneca T'w'p.
l.s."i:;
Berwick.
Berwick.
1 Sol I
( )live Chape!.
Jackson T'w'p.
1 ^"i:!
Ft. Seneca.
1'leasant T'w'p.
1 S.V)
< 'aniline.
Venice T'w'p.
Second Titlin.
Tiltin.
iSod
(.lade I'liioli.
I'leasaiit T'w'p.
1 N7-")
RI-. MAKK.N \N I ' \< > ! | - .
It will be noticed that there is a Reformed ('Imrch in each of the
fifteen town. -hips of the county, with the exception, as yet. of Liberty.
Reed. F.den and Bi_: Spring. The following note-, will rescue some
:,M - ;
\ -pi i ial h;stor\ of this church will be tound in another phu e.
i S ^ n !
tlie land bein^ r donated !>y John He.-'.er
edifice-, on the -ame ground. ; the fi;--* ;rf;lt
and the third, one ot the nne-i cd::p <
with a tall -teeple, in i -i; ;. I :
name- of the min:-:er-. :n -MCI e
i . Rev. M at ( h'lji.
1 n d( rit k Rah.t'i-er.
;. 1 rederii k Wall!.
;. I. ('. Klar.
Itavid Kelle\.
The prim ip.i'. l.unihe- a: the -t ir: we
Dunn. Sr.. l-aac Lew;-. Ilcnr\ llownian, Rudolph llowman. liem\
Stetter. and Henry l!'.mn. < >ther lani.'.i -::n e. repre-.e:;'--.! :.\ |-ia
RostM. S.iMrie! R uer. I ilin l\ iver. M inani R i\er. lave i R >\ ri .
Linanuel (lood, C.eor-e liond. \dain (', id. Jr.. C,eo:^c \\',,
Conrad \Vollen-lagel. John Wo'.len-I.uei, Jr.. I'iiri-tian \\ ./
\\iii.Cood. \\in. Mennehoif John Mat/. Neri Ma:/. ->am :e! M r:r\ .
(iottliel) Maur\. MaLuhi I.oe-eber. Lred. llowman. aii'l A :_",-:
Steinmet/. Tlie \alue ot the pre-en! diun ii pro|.er;\ i- a:>ov. S')..:
Salem Retormed clrirch wa- fir-; or_;an: ed in \ l.nn- :ow:i-'a.>
a union < hurdi. Reformed and Lutheran' 1>\ Re\. 1 R i':;a';-er. 1 '::
original land in \dam- town-hip wa- ilonated 1>\- |o!;n ( icvm.r.'.. I .
jand on which the church now -land- wa- [>:m ha-e I t: en la\ .:
\\)ant. There have lieen to'ir i h;irt h eds'ii e-. ;h-- !ir-t :n i * ; 7
I'iie pre-enl nea'. britk i huri h wa- c-re( led in iviV 1':
ha\ e been the mini-ter-:
i . Re\ . 1 . Rahau-er.
1-red. \Vahl.
; ' 1 '. \V. kelley
; - |. ( '. Kl.ilir.
1 : original fi-.u'.;:
M ' o.se:. 1.: k ir-: Ivj
\n: :.> H i:-;.-.: '.I!
M ..; - ... k :.-.. i i!
284 HISTORY OF SKNKCA COUNTY.
gani/.ed the Reformed congregation of that name, and has been pastor
until the present time. The church is built on land donated by Jacob
Gruber. The following are the representative heads of the principal
families: Herman Detterman. Jacob Gruber, Joseph Hilsinger, Paul
Hobbes, George Detterman, Samuel Detterman. Henry Cook. Daniel
Reiter. Daniel Gruber, Henry Detterman, II. Brinkman. I-'. Berlekamp.
R. Berlekamp, Thomas Mohr, and others.
The original name of the Bloomville church was Mt. Pisgah:
organi/.cd the 2=;th ot August, 1850, by Rev. H. K. Baines, with George
Swigart and Philip Heilman as elders, and Adam Baker and I-', /.im-
merman as deacons. The church is built on an acre ot land donated
by Simon Koler. The property is worth about $2,500. The ministers
and supplies have been:
1. Rev. H. K. Baines. 7. Rev. Joseph A. Keller.
2. " J. C. Klahr. 8. " I,. Grosenbaugh.
3. David Kelley. 9. " J. A. Steplar.
4. M. Keiffer, D. D. 10. " J. D. Gehring.
:;. |. H. Good. ii. " Samuel Shaw, since Aug..
(>. W. W. James. [1876.
The principal families are the Heilmans. Krilleys. Kolbers. Bakers.
Geigers. Klalirs. Sanisels. Frankcnfields, etc.
The Bascom church was originally gathered by Rev. I. |. Beil-
liaiv. as a Lutheran and Reformed church, and a neat little church
erected in the village ot Bascom. < )n the 1st of January . 18^2. it wa,v
organi/ed by Rev. Pro]. I-'.. V. Gerhar: as a (ierman Rclormcd church.
The first ofticers were. Benjamin Fried, elder, and Christian Deubel.
deacon. The heads ( ,f the principal families have been: Dr. Henry
\Veiv. |ohn George \Veiv. Michael Waiter. Michael Strong, lacob
Schmid. Nicholas Dewald. Peter Dcwald. Philip Dewald. lacob Kissa-
beth. Philip Kis^abeth. Jacob Brendle. John Nan. (ieorge Shatlner.
John Kinkerter. Philip Stinky, lacob Sherer. ('onrad Bohn. lacob
H ci-sernian. 'I he ministers have been:
i. Kev. L. V. (ierhart. 7, Rev. lacob Kuhn.
M. Mueller. 8. - \V. II. Fenneman.
}. H.I. Kutcnick. <i. " 1 .. Richter.
4. I. J. |-:s< her. 10. ( '. 1 . Krithe.
5. |. Mat/inger. i i . " |. H. Good.
<). ! . St rassncr.
Salem church, in Seneca townshiii. was
Km:, h. l.unS.-r: \l;:';n. ]>!::; II .-n k. li '
doi-ritVr. 1-rrdi-ri. k I'.akrv -..; U
\ \< >uxl\ ln-ln_rd !> > a I.uthcvin c.d !<:
r_Mni/ol (>V K<". . ( '< ill! Mil, : i the \ a: I--:
:>'i;lt in i S -, al>' MI' i >!it- .i:id
.1! \r\v Kic^cl. .it lu-wn !<>_>, liiinl w;tli >;..
:liM.r ami sc.it->. '1'lic liuilihn^ wa*. fi^htn-u !
rK'\ni tec! hi^li 'I'lif Sail-in i h';n h. .il'rr
neat and haiuUiiinc tranu- < hurt !i. ->!;!! --'.i"-
imiii l'hili]i NJhrrual. '1'lu- hrad-^ <>\ the |ii\:n
tnlhu^i- |'i'r\ ".> >'\~-\ \ rained, has r IKTII. I'liiii
Shul.a. h. N I-Vin.li-l.Win. \\'i-nni-r, K,iu-r! I 1 . ;:;
V Knrii h. \V. Di-i-,, Silas Hnt'tVrt. I'. \\ a-nrr,
|i >lui k< i' hi m h>. and utlu-r-. 1 hr -<:i i i-->i\ c
i. Ui.-v. 1^. \ . < ii-rhart. ;. l\<\.
M. Muclk-r.
;. I. I. I!- h'-r. ;.
4. 1 . Stra-^ncr. S. "
The lii-rwii k (imprecation \\a^ I'lr^t c- 1 ''
'.earn, hy Re\. I- rcdcrii k \\ahl. l'!:r ].;:
Si humai lu-r-. lUoiiin^. M il'u-r-. I.OIIL;^. S|>ra'i><
(.-iifrally In -en N-ijij.liL-d lv t'nc ->anu- pa->'o: -, .(-,
wlii( li is only two mill's distant. 1-or a IHMII!
h.a\-c licen ^u^prndcd at th;^ jLu r. :ln- jiii-ni!>r
Salcin.
'I'ht- ( i iiiL;rr_;at 11 in at ' >i;\'c ( hapt-l. ir.
u^ani/rd li\ Kc\ . Prut. 1\. (iond. ! I tt;:i.
IM,_>. ,,n land ilonatrd 1,\ |a< !. ^' ihi I ::-
jX(> HISTORY OK SENECA COUNTY.
Rust. The principal families, at its organi/ation. consisted of tlie
Swanders. Keifs, Fmichs. Fieges, Blooms, Bachers. Seipels. Yon Blons,
Hon>bergers, Knaiises, Sohns. Kremers. Schneiders and many others.
It possesses a property worth about 55,000 The " Frauenvcrein
numbers sixty members.
The Reformed Church, of Fostoria. was orgaui/ed by Rev. A. Cassel-
man, on the j^d of March. 1X79, with twenty-live members, and incor-
porated on the joth of Ajiril of the same year. The lot on which the
church is built was purchased of lames Kritcher lor S^oo. The corner
stone was laid on the jotli of May. and the buikling dedicated Septem-
ber jXth. 1X79. The value of the church property is about Sn.ioc.
The officers of the church at its organi/ation were:
Elders Rev. M. Mueller and II. W. Runkle.
Deacons Samuel Stewart and Jacob Holmaster.
The Fort Seneca congregation of the Reformed church was organi/ed
about the year 1X57, by the Rev. M. Kieffer, D. D. who served it about
four years. The following were the first officers elected:
Flders Simon Shuman, Jacob Hale, Barney Zimmerman.
Deacons Felix Beck, Henry Stoner, Daniel C. Richard.
Trustees Barney Zimmerman. Henry Sioner. )ohn Zeigler.
The church was erected shortly after the organi/ation, at a cost of
about Si. ^oo, the lot having been donated by John Zeigler. Rev. S.
Shaw, i ; tudent of the Theological Seminary at Tiffin, succeeded Dr.
Kieffer in the pastorate in April. 1X61, and was succeeded by Revs. IF
Bair. \\ . lames ami (1. H<ks, each of them serving only a short time.
In the year 1X60 Rev. (i.\V. \Villiard, D. D., President of Heidelberg
College, took charge of the congregation, at which time it numbered
only about thirty members. Things soon began to assume a more
hopetul aspect, and encouraging accessions were made trom time to
time, until the congregation now, (April. 1880.) has a membership of
eighty-live active communicants. The church building has been re-
paired several times, and i- now in good condition. The congregation
has a good Sunday school, with an average attendance of about sj\tv,
and property worth about Sj,ooo The officers of the congregation
IK iw are:
Pastor- Rev. (i. \V. \\Tlliard.
I '.Idrrs - 1'h. Frey. Samuel Bair, Henry Stoner.
Deacons Ch. (iaiigwcr. Fred. Hade. Charles Zeis.
I he C.iade I 11:011 Kclormed congregation was ,>rgani/ed by Re\ .
(ieo. \\ . \\illiard. D. D.. December i7th. 1X71. The following persons
united iu the or-ani/atior. : \\'illiam Steckel, Clara Steckel. Francisca
1 HI ( HIK< 1H N.
Mec kcl. |aco!) I'mvri -o\, >u^an I'M p\vcrs<t\. |.i< P!J I . >w:
William Shrh er, Ann Marie Shri\ i r, 1 '. s 'nr:\i-r.
< >ii\ cr \\ at >n. \\'i!iiani >:>ikl I : . I'.-wi-i
liiiiit in 1-^71. and > li-thratni \".',\ jii. 1-71 1' .-.
IH-IIM/ ,.|' a!. ..:;t M. . l<i.-\ . ( i...:..- \\ . \\ !. I I
>i'\and \\iiiiani !>l;r;\ IT wrrr '.};<
-p p\ d' mated tlu- lot.
I'r. U liliard ha >er\ed tlu- . ..n---,-. :.-
ua\ iiMTi'.i^nl am! i;n\v n;;iii
will sea! J v per--. .i>. 'I'lu- |.r
t!u j \\iirk i'. i it> i'1'L'i tii in \sa^ iliii
lliriiu^l; tin 1 kindiH'--^ DJ tin- Kt-\. |<i>i-j.!i I'.i .r, r:,
ha\ t.- 1 >erii >(.'< i :!'(.( !, v :/. :
'1 he MiM i >ruan:/at [i in \\ a^ cllci :ni . ;. ':. \c,\r iS
l'hili[i Hrrt/. Diu- hah iniK- i-a>t "i M r'.n,. ; r. 'I :;r;
i I.': i' i h 'n m->rv iii t!i ; -, di'iii innn.it : ' >n :ii >nu-i ,i < ::.'
! r; tin- al^rm r i >! a m > >n i -h' >v. ;n_: : ' .
l\n_::-h I/atlu-ran < h;:n h ;n Tittin. tin
tic--. n\ I )r. |. < 'ruiiM-. and '!u- Kr, . I. I .
^1 n.';ik ll'i mi liR-lm T\ \\\\ .
Thr l"ir--t nice:;:)., wa-> ln-!d in l!u- l>r:rk -i :.-"
>triv!, in Tittin. in '!: --'annnrr ..; !"!;. \\li>:i
or^ani/cil 1>\ Mr. I .inrn-.i. pd. \fcr\\ a: >!-, ;!H'\ !
tin- Cn.Tni.in Kciipnm-d < hnn h. :<pr a . '; turn-. 1
Iran h. A part > pt" a '<< .' u a- ;
-irn-:. whrrr t!u- I-M-M-M: . h-;i. !
a plain tr.'.inc h> >".-< ' ' .1 ' \ : -\
organi/ation Mr. Rickenbaugh and Mr. l'>ow<er were elected elders,
and Mr. kii^inan and Mr. SechriM. deacons.
In i So; the old traine cliurcli \vas moved away, and the present beau-
tiful, brick edifice erected in it> place. I)r. Croupe is no\v serving as
pastor ot the congregation in his tonrth year. There are t\vo hundred
members enrolled, and two liundred scholars in the Sundav school.
There are self-made men in the pulpit, as well as in other walks of
life, and the subject of this sketch is one of these. This sketch is in
improper place here, because \~>r. ('rouse dedicated the first Knglish
Lutheran church here i the frame building, i afterwards the pre>ent
brick edifice, and is now serving the congregation in the fourth year of
his pastorate.
He is the son ot Jacob and Lli/a ('rouse, i the maiden name of the
latter being Wilclisin,") and was born in Columbiana county, ()hio. on
the 2()(\i day ot .August. iSu. His parents came to Columbiana county
in iSc>5, from Kmmittsburg, Maryland. Young ('rouse's education was
the best the common schools in that country afforded at that time.
He married when only twenty-two years ot age. and taught school
^everal terms for a livelihood, both Lnglish and (iennan at the >ame
time.
When he arrived at man's estate, and during the time and after he
taught school, he felt very keenly the want of a thorough education,
and applied liimself to books with the iron will and persevering indus-
try that always lead to success, in every walk of life.
From his boyhood up. he cherished a desire to become a preacher
of the gospel, and when the time arrived for the choice of a life-work,
no one employment suited his nature so well as that ot the ministry ot
the gospel Man\' circumstances combined to prevent his engagement
in the work, among which was his dittidence and tear ot personal unlit -
lie-- f< ir the calling.
Alter lie had parsed his thirtieth year, a providential way seemed to
open to him for the work. lie --till had his troubles, ami doubt- ot
l):-iiiL. r abie to enter UIMUI it: and there was a ^tru^gle between a keen
>eiise ot dutv to pivai h and want ot contideiice in him>elt to meet the
dut\. whii h made him mentally wretched for sunn- time. After passing
month" in this unluppv state of mind, he finally threw himselt into the
; 11 i' i - n: < . id. i <M \ ' : n_ results to Him.
\\
Keliruarv, i'V}-'. In .^eptemlie! . i >.;j. he A a- vaniiti'-d \>\ .1
iee o! the I .\ an_;e! :i al I utheran >\ nod >; < 'hi' .ir.'i idia* en; -'.ate-, aiii
ua- lit en-ed at the >ame time I'K-.H Innj .i!-..u: f lncc \eai- li>iit;-i.
he wa- ordained , n 1X47. lie ha- ! ieeii .11 tin- M-: \ .1 < !,< >\v a lit tic >v ri
thirty ei^'ht \ear- -even \ear- ot tin- t;nie he -A.I> tin- imam ial ><-, r<-
t ir\ i>i' \\'utcnlK-i - ("olU-^c. al Sju :n^!irh!, <)|M(I
1 >r. ('ruu^c IN a linr ^prriiuni ! .1 ilin^tian !i-ai tier iin!<l an-!
friendly in hi-- mtcn MUI'-M' \\iih inhri^. ht'iai! and uix-ra! in h;> \ u-\v>. a
th<MMUL,'h tlu-Mln^ian. a lurnhlr and rl<Hjiu-ii( pulp;: Mtatoi. I!i> Lilxit>
in the vineyard M( the Lord during; -<> nian\ \ear> have ^;\en .imptc
pr<",| th.t! hi- eMnceptimi M) tile mi^-Hm oi 'n;, hie \\.i- wdi ^fiunded
NIK I IK il'l- I I'KM | |-> I \ N I i III Ki II
>(IMI: .il'er tile >e< e-siiiii in the old M 1.. < It'iri h. a -M< iet\ M; -;\U-cii
tr.emln.-r- \\ a- ir^ani/ed in Man h. i s .-ij. 'indei the MII\ entiona! at t;< le-.
1>\ Res. lame- M Mnt_;< miei \ . a! |-iut >enee.i Mr. M t imp nnerx \v a-
ent.reiv ai<Uie a- a relnnnei. there liesn^ in> -M ( ,et\ nearer than "He
hundred mile- . !>ut he \va- " all in al! t i In- 1; tile I'.MI k up :M h;- death
The little -i)det\ \\ as then iett \\itliMin -t -hephei d. hut tlie\ re-.>'\edt"
-tand la-'. l.ihi; >'iuder. then .; iavmai:. \\.t- e'ie(teti < ia-- leailet
Tlic\ Kept '-.p their meeting-, and :n i>;-' A>;_e; M< (-:.!( made them i
nu--!tinar\ visit .>! tour MI li\ e "-ahli f h-. <iui . ti_ \\ h,i '!. he o; _.IM., <-d ;\\ .
other -ma!' > ia--e-. lianiei Jiililion-. .1 \o'.in^, tnan. A i- '
1 1 ! e III . who. Mi the M e \ ! i o ]] ! e [' e II i i . fe] o ! ' e . ! . 1 1 , e h ' ! 11 d JV'i ! all"! h . 1 i \ 11 ^
memlier-. \!U r h;tn. 1 >as :d 1 1 >"
pro.-re-- i',io;her Bonder, the \ -t,-i :. j;5
i' n al tni'i ,-ter. ha- : i ved to ,.-r
portion-.
I he ( oiiji e_at:i !! ihat u .1- \ _..;.. id i. 1 Mi,
< i n M M n r 1 1 e -tree*. \\ h ; i h u . i - d e d : < i' <
luly. i^;:
Johl Si. lid. 'I. U lill.lll. < .lM:pi. . io.eph \\
Phillip- were the Luilditu ' ..lnin:i: 1 I.M.
\\-or-hii' ii:;;i 'he;; ;.ie --.-;; ..ir._e a':i. : .iu! '-;. .
2()0 IIISIORV OF SKNKCA COl'NTV.
The organi/ation of the congregation dates back to September, tX2<).
when Bishop Fenwick, ot Cincinnati: bought of losiali 1 ledges the site.
The building was postponed for want of means, and until Mr. Kinnev
and other.s contracted tor the brick as before stated. Father Fdnmnd
Quinn took charge of the congregation in iX^. He was a venerable
and noble looking priest, highly esteemed by all our citi/ens. He had
his mother here with him. This brick church was finished in the spring
ot iN.i.v Father Ouinn remained in charge of it until his death here,
in the fall of 18:55. '['hereupon Bishop 1'urcell appointed the Rev.
Father Schoenhen/. who continued to officiate until the fall ot" iS^<;.
and wa> succeeded by Father McXamee and the Rev. I. I'. Machebeouf.
at present bishop ot Colorado and New Mexico. leather Machebeout.
in 1X42. went to Sandu>ky City, and Fnther McNamee remained until
1847. late in the fall, when Bishop Rappe appointed the Rev. Father
M. Howard, who remained until April. 1^50. in September, when the
Rev. M. Molon succeedeil him. and remained until iSq^. He was
succeeded by the Rex . M. < VSullivan. who. in the summer ot i8;(>. built
the present St. Marv's church, and. remained in charge until February.
iX;g. wlien it-- present pastor, the Rev. Father M. Healy. took charge
ot the church, and who has officiated now twenty one vears. There are
i)^o members belonging to this church. Father Healy organi/ed three
M'hooK. in 1X04. numbering now 160 scholars, and in 1X70 built the
present parsonage. Their present cemetery was purchased in 1X78.
containing tl\e acres, easi of the city, on the North Creenfield road,
and was blessed by Father Healy. assisted by father-- Fvranl and
Ahem. < )i:tober i. i.S.S.
About the year iX4X. lacob Snvder came to Tiffin \\'ith his family.
and in the year-. 1X^4 ;^ the families ol the Kev. |. C. X.inser. I.udwig
Schubert, William ( '. Negile and M. Huber settled in the citv : these
org;'mi/ed a class and were served by the regular rip nil preachers, in
the following order, vix: Rev--. F. 1'rcch. John l-'.rb. R. |. |. Kanaga and
|. (i. Theurer. Their services, both preaching and pra\ er meeting--,
were held in the houses (ii these families.
At the annual ' onterence of iX;f> this society was constituted a mis-
sion station, with filtv members. The Kev. F. F. Sheurennan became
i's fir-! missionary, in 1X^7. and served until the spring ot' iS;<;. and
siive that time the < hiirch has been ser\ed b\ the following pastors.
vi/: | . ( i . Theurer. ti]i to i X(>o; |. C. /. in>er. to i X6 i : C. drainer, to
iXf>}; d. 1 1 ,] reti] itliiLr. to iX'j;; |. Fran k ha Use r. to 1X07; F. B. Crousc,
.uul l,uo!> Mi\iK-r -crvin.; ,i> tn^'.-
i ii'in h .uul p.ir'Mina^f h.ivr nii'!< i_
>i.ooc. < >i) thr jis; ,i.t\ ni A;.r:!
i ir^.ini/nl. with thirl\ -< In 'iar-, a;i> !
1'iv-M/n! rmni!n.T. \\ill:. tin ('. Ni^i l
the ' ir^.ttli/.i: ii Ml to t!u- prr>rn! '.:::
I'll'- < >'n:i ' .111:1-.:. i! < i >Mtt-!vn< r '
;n i M i ; . 1 1 1 1 i 1^75. In i s 7 i 1 1 H
\v.i> < b.aiui-il ?V' 'in a in:--., m l> .1
> M irt \ ;h> Suni !.i \ r\ rr.in^ prr i> ; .
Luij'i.i^'-. ..:nl r>!i'ir'.l\ .iiti-r .1:1 1.;
,i! sKM.CA OH'NTY.
In 184; the C.erman Catholics of Tit'tin. who tor a number of years
had been members of St. Mary's Knglish church, solicited and obtained
from the Right Rev. J. H. Ptircell, Bishop of Cincinnati, the permission
to organi/e a separate congregation. They numbered at that time
from thirty to forty families. They went to work with energy and lib-
erality, and selected near the city a beautiful site of two acres.
From 1X4^ until January, 1X^2, the new (German organi/ation was
attended by priests of the Sanguinnist congregation, who came from
Thompson or New Riegel (then called Wolf Creek ), the Kevs. K. Sale-
sius Brnnner. lohn Wittmer. |. B. Jacomet, Vacob Kingeli. M. Anton
Meyer. 1'. Anton Capeder, !". X. ( )bermiller, Maximillian Hamburger.
John Yon den Broeck and Mathias Kreusch. The last named resided
for a few months in the city, with a catholic family. In January, 1X52.
Rev I.. Molon. pastor of St. Mary's church, was also appointed pastor
of the (ierman congregation, and had a separate service in each church
every Sunday until September of the same year, when Rev. J. B. I'hh
mann arrived from dermany and was appointed pastor ol the yonn-
and flourishing congregation. The present parsonage was then built.
Rev. rhlmann remained in Tiffin until May. 1X50. when he was sent to
Canton. Stark count). Ohio.
His successor was the Rev. loseph I,. Bihn. who was removed in
September. 1^7,}. at his own request, alter a pastoral ministration ot
mure than seventeen years In August. 1X70. Rc\. N. Schnit/ became
his assistant, and remained until August. iSyj. In September, 1X72.
Rev. A. M . Meile was appointed assistant, and remained until Jui>.
1X73. Another assistant. Rev. |. A. M ichenfelder. was appointed, but
remained <>nlv eighteen davs and was remo\'ed attei" the resignation ot
the pastor.
In punishment ot the disorders which had compelled Rev. J. I,. Bihn
to give up his charge, the congregation was lett without a pastor and
the church closed for more than two months, alter which time tin-
Right Kev. Bishop, moved by the repealed petitions ot the people,
appointed the present pastor. Re\ . Charles I A rani, under whose
administration peace, was at OIK e restored and has since remained
undi-turbcd. hi August. 1^77. the l\e\. I. B. 1 Inland became hi-
assistant. b'i! was i umpelled l>v his lailiug health to leave Tittm. in
Man i . I'-oV
I Irculic h. |o-e|>!-. \'.)liiiH-r. M;. h.i
I'. > > r 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 .
The pre-cni i !i':i 1: lnnMiti^ u.i
'r<! Se|>tcn>!n.T i .4. i vu.
1 .nc. in tin- IMVSCIX e in* ! u'.rh
r.ishup ot' the dio, e>e. I |.-
iii.in.i^cnicn; o! Rev . ! 1 |'.:h
i- a -tundnu monument <' ' h-- <-.
;he people.
\\ i i ( 1 1 tin- < > > n .; r i _ i ! . > i . w . i > i _
enlarged i>\ 'n- -.-n , r^.ir. A \\<-\\
I'.ihn ::i i .>5 >. \\ h:< h r. ml .linrd. \\ .
i mi jilv! ':< MI oi tlir M',-U i hurt h. tin-
MT\ll " 1- dl. .d.'d to, s, hoo| |, .,.[.,
tour i.ir^e !' ioin> .vn i- ,i_.r,n ['inn-!
1 in^rc^al; on, hi 1^7^ tin M hn
ML; u ,. > cm ted i', the i e.n o; t!:-
mentioned ':.
!n i ^'.5 :!:
!i M'llied .1 Iie\\
..... k , h.U-e
h: ordei '
.Mid St. I ,
the I lisifll
in I.-'.- !'-
i in it- o! : ' !;
\-vhnn." I'
J<)4 HISTORY OK SFNK.CA COUNTY.
thirty-four sUters and novices, eighteen a^ r ed persons, anil seventy-five
orphans. Rev. J. 1,. Bihn. founder and superior of this community,
resides there, and manages all the affairs of the Home with prudence
and success.
( nri;< ii I>II:KCTOI:Y OF TIFFIN KOI; Jssu.
Mi: iiioDi>r F.IMM OPAL. Madison street, west of Washington. Services
morning and evening. He\ ' W. Mendenliall. minister.
FII;>T MKTiiom^r. Market street, east of Washington street. Services
liiorniliLj and e\ cninjf. I{e\. ('liandler. minister.
I'HKSHYTKIMAN*. Corner of Market and Monroe streets. Services morning
and evening. D- I*. l>i:_;'u'cr. pastor.
IJArn^T. lVrr\ slreel. ea>t of Washington. Services morninu; and even-
ing. Ke\ . Unpe. minister.
CATHOLIC derman Head of \Vasliin.u:toii street. Mass at s and in A . M .
Vespers. :; I'. M. ltc\. Father Kvranl. jiastor: Itev. Father Ileiland.
assistant.
CATHOLIC Knii'lisln Corner of Miami and Franklin streets. Mass at s and
in A. M. N'espers. :; I'. M. Kev. Fatlier Ilealey. pastor.
Li'THKi: AN I-!nu'li>h Corner of .left'ei'son and Madison streets. Services
morniim' and eveniim'. Itev. Cronse. minister.
Lt TIIKI;\N derman . .Jefferson street . opposite Main. Services ninrniiii:
and evening. l!e\ . Ximnierman. minister.
UKFOKMKD derman. .Jefferson street, south of Madison. Ser\ ices morn-
ing 'and e\ en inn'. I!e\. Kn^t . minister.
F:!;-r l!i:i 01; \II;D. ( 'nrner Monroe and Madison streets. Services inoniiil.ti'
and e\eiiin'_i'. IJe\. !\i'l';:ii\ er. minister.
\'.\ A N( ;I-;LII A i. l-',]i'j;li-li . N'ii'1 li Wa^himrton >treet . Services morniiii:' and
e\i||J!m. l|e\..J. A. ilen^cl. liiini^ler.
KvAN'i.Kl.H \i. (iei'inan . >andii-k\ street, iinrlh of I'ei'i'N street. Services
nioniiii'_r a i pi eveninii. IJe\ . Si Impp. niini-^ler.
I '. ri-i ( [ \ !.. Corner Market and .Jeift rsoti streets. Services innrninir and
e\ i n he.:'. I'l-v. \\"il!iam^. mini--ter.
In t lie above i he ser\ ices are all nnder>loi>d fur Snndax .
CHA1
;OHN GOOOIN MRS. ANN S h M-". .' !<:./ IN '.V NMAWMAN ^H
S.NYOKR GKOKGK KUMMKI,'., I)\VI > . . < > A . . N WVANiKM ^HII-K.s ANU
K A M ! 1. 1 K S M A K K L H A P I K K VI.. 11 V 1-. K > !. : N M O H A U' K \NHK1- \S' 1 . f U K S
HEl-.L ll.'OuK I'l 1 1 t-.NGKK JOHN ANUI.Ol M-. ilKGI. ^HK:M:AN ML'KI.
LEK 1HKGKKAI [ ! K K O 1 A PK I L. 1-7-
A\!< >\< , tlu- in.ui\ ili>;in.
John (i iin. !u-l.)vn!
:<><> HISTORY 01 sKM-X'A COl'NTY.
( >n tlu 1 i;?th dt' January. iSy,. lu 1 married again, llv this union lie had
three children. In 1X50. and shortly betore the adoption of the new
; .institution of Ohio, he was appointed one of the associate judges of
tlie county of Ilardin. He then retired from public life and lived
luietlv and happilv on his tarm. (lose by kentoii. Three years before
:iis death he had an attack oi paralysis. He died on the joth of
I ebruarx . iX-ii. seventy-live years ot age. Mr. ( ioodin uas a tall,
sleiider'inan. of a well proportioned physique: ver\ active and sociable.
He had a kind word tor every one. and was personally very popular.
He was a very active and shrewd politician: a man of strit t morality
and honesty, faithful to his word and duty. He was highly esteemed
wherever he was known.
William Wood came trom Holland to Philadelphia with a stot k of
coods. and took into his employ a young man from Maryland, bv the
name of (icorge Kbert. who some time alter married Mr. Wood's
daughter. The voting people moved to I niontown. Pennsylvania,
where Mr. Kbert became a prominent citi/en and was greatly res])ected.
He was there engaged in mercantile lite tor torty years. Thev had a
numerous lamily. and their youngest daughter. Ann, was ,i beautiful
girl, and received a very liberal education at the Brownsville female
seminary.
Albert (iallatin. the illustrious secretary of the treasury of the I'nited
States, under lefterson. and some other distinguished gentlemen from
Washington, paid a visit to I niontown. Mr. Joshua Sene\ was then
the private set retar\ to M r. ( iallatm. The people of I niontown pre
pared and had a very brilliant bail in honor of their distinguished
quests. At this ball Mr. Seney and Mi-s |-.bert met tor the firs; time.
This sh.irt acquaintance ripened into a love affair between these \oun_;
people, whii h culminated in their marriage. Thev lived :n 1 niontown
ten years after ihat time, and then moved in I ittm. in ompanx with
|;id^e |-'.bert. in t'ne summer -it iS}i. I he\ had three < hiidren when
they came to Tittm. .ind tliere were live more born to them here, mak
in^eiudit in all. li\e daughters and three sou-,, uho ire all still Ii\in^.
but two.
Mr-. Seney !>ecame a member oi the M. I 1 ., ('hurch \\in-n eighteen
\ < ar- . n' a..c. and 'ip to her death coniinued to he a faithful, devoted
,it,d h ; u'h'\ ''St. emed member thereot. ^li'' u,i- one ot the mothers in
l-r:u-l. ,i:id - rememberetl tor her < hristian \ irtues and h'-r gentle
:; iture .1 ~ : ine person ma\' lue tha' ever knew her.
Iiuriiiu tin- MI k!\ seasons, .mi! \\he
o\\ n I, mills. -he WotiM _;o lioin house
i aritiL; !<>r them, 'eti h them -onie p. ii.i
,i;stresse<l u:ih her aiua\s piea-aii:
She v.i- ! M >m < >n ' In- i ;i li >\ -
M.iv. i*;<r ^he w.i^ helu\ei| i.\ a'.i \
Illolirneil her iii- \\hrli shi- c::,
.) I KI \Nliil III
\ in o n ^ l h e mans ' 1 1 > > ' i - a m i - > t men \\ '".
-nits there is hut a '. er\ -mall per i en:. :hal mak .1 -m
vast majority "I them die poo:. \, ( ord;n_; : 'In-
tor main \ ear-. onl\ a lout M\e per i ent. !ia\ e made i
rit h. and ot this small numher those :ha are -t,i! .11 i
i on side red in h. take their < ham es ,p. th-- up- ami do\\ -
i- a i ertain ta-' inatimi .n meri atniie lite :ha: :mlm < -
their all, ami \OUUL: men \s it hou! mean - are in \ < > ;- . >
in store-, wiiere ?he\ otten remain, \\orknu '"' 'i'e:r
<he\ L;r< >w _;i a\ wit ii a^e.
The -ul>-tan! lai mei hair.i - and. aho\ < all. :he r i- in
h appv. ( M all human pursuits there ,-, no -itu i r ;o
< ulated to till 'he measure ot our 'o\ ,n.i . .m; .-:;;m
t inner. The \merp an t inner out ot de : e IH ,
the ladder ot' human h ippine--. I'iio-e :.trm.u > w
work ami ei onom\ . n < umu'a'ed i ..''!' ' M"uii'
t ' i e m o 1 1 e \ ami |>u: t i r o i - 1 1 1 1 e . n i i d e ,
i ha\e heen let't on !: tarnis. ir,d .11:1-1 'i\:-!_ :':.<
\ear or 'wo. tailed, lie jeueraHv :!ie miisi i, - ; ,),'. .;'.
m e r i :a i w o r i d I '' \\ : ! ' i p p ! e i i e v\ ! \ a '
n a 1 1 \ e o ; K . n ' i > \ \ ; ' \ . \ I a : \ i i . ' r ' .
re\ i )!u' '.' 'li.i l \ u ai . '.',i \\ !: i i ii ''i -\ : i : i. ' : , i ...
listed whe;, !,; -eN.ui'e, i \, a: - il
\\ a\ m . ( Ire.-n. I at IM"-,- in. 1 . \\ i i I
>tom-\ l'-i i" '<\ U i\ i . i- ' : \l
ti.e l>el.,u ii : !
l
298 HISTORY OF SKNKCA COUNTY.
Re/in W. was born October lyth, iSii, in ISerkely county, Virginia.
He worked on a farm until he was about fifteen years old. His chances
for education were very limited, comprising only a common district
school education of eight months. In the year 1X26, he entered the
store of William McComb, in Wooster. Ohio, as clerk. When eighteen
years of age he was employed as clerk in the store of /.opher T. Moore,
with whom he remained about three years. In 1X3^ he visited Seneca
county, where his father had settled, and in the fall of the same year
accompanied his employer. Mr. Moore, to New York, where Mr. Shaw-
han purchased a stock ot goods, getting credit on Mr. Moore's recom-
mendation. With this stock he opened a store in Tiffin, which was
then a very new town, with a population ot about live hundred. His
capital, to begin with, was small, but in spite of his limited school
privileges, i; seemed he had a wonderful tacilitv in working addition
and multiplication, which, together with his industr\, close application
to business, his unflinching fidelity to every promise, his sagacity,
frugality and good management, tended to make his business increase
very rapidly, and in the race tor success he distanced e\ erv rival. He
continued in the mercantile business for eighteen years, buying and
selling goods, grain and provisions ot all kinds. I p to 1X40 the only
way to obtain goods or ship produce \\as bv wagon to and from San
dusky City. In 1X40. Titlin became the terminus of the Mad River
and I ake Krie railroad, and so remained for several years. This im-
provei i t Tade in I'iltin very much.
In : - ; i . feeling the need o t relaxation, he c 1 o s i
T: tin i .iiiil i ranker red the stoi k to a bra IK h hoiiM 1 h
de\'o;e<', 'lie three vears 'hen next to 1 lowing
in ->! o! \ 'id the natural M lences. Hi-, love tor
n in e\( . lien! library, and he pursued his studies with ihe same
lose application and perseverance th.it characteri/ed him as a
He now added the benefit of i rax el to his s< ientitic attain
Me Visited the western states, where he purchased large traits
in I)ei ember, in company with his wife, he visited Cuba.
| >as^ed t he winter following, returning b\ \\ a\ (if New C)r leans.
. ' ie salesiit the public lands in ( )m dia. Nebraska.
\euworih. Kansas, when. 1 lie pun hased some thirtv thousand
-a me \ear. in company wi> h A. ( '. . Sneath. he started a
I " .\\hii '; . aftei iln war. was merged into the National K\
' i : , ' . ind in whn h lie has ever since been a laru r e
I'l i <>'> he built the Kmpire block in Tittm. and. in
' ' others, was a_ r aiu laruclv en^aued in the mercantile
' HI-:! - I "I'M! ! -\\ i.Kk.
l.usnu-^ In 1X71 Mr. >h.iwh.in t...,k a trip t.. I on.ion. .in.l \..\-
two month- in l.nu'.aii'l. II' -t:!! MI '.!:i' tY! \m<tr n'. hi- health
manage- hi- itnnieti-e e-Mte \\;th 'iir -aim- M< t ain! .itv-n!i' >\\ .1-
tnne- o! ynrr In- i ontrolleil a --m.il! -;..i k l ^oo.l- -.n M.iik- '. -tteet
In iX}o. on the fir-' <!a\ o! Xj.ril. he wa- :nan.'--: ' . i vn.i 1 alie!
c\< el lent health. .UK 1. \\ ere ; t n. ' :. M !, .- -,\ ;. ;:< \. t. ; .m. ; 1 n-.i . 1. u
j ' ; ' i n i; - e tan to o 1 1 1 1 1 \ e : u a ! i \ a \ < > 1 1 1 _ i n a : : t . >: ': \ i '.' ! i \\ h : .
_;.--. it numliei oi !uii'iinj- Mr. >!, i\\hm ha- . I .!!.:. !
i;:,' in 1 llit e< li\ ai \< \> > i i it ^el\' to lu. \veal* ii. 1 1.'\ '': i . i! -
'unt \ . an. 1 \\ .t h h : - > a:". < -M- other ]: r . :. - . i, ':. , r.:.- \ . ;. .; ; .
!;tt\ \ear-. lie h.i- ;n a iar_,e iiK-.i-.iin :,'!.':> K.I")
the re-otin e- , .J tile i o;im\ . < i 'h'- In i: teen i I,
: i . 1 1 1 . he anil i i ; - ! > r o ! i n r I o v a h . at ( ' a r \ . 1 1 ; . i N 1 : - \ :;:':- < : . . i ' 1 o
are the onl\ -';r\ s\ >r-.
}00 HISTORY OK SKNKCA COl'NIY.
(ierman had was his honesty and his business qualifications. The (ier-
man store soon became popular under the management ofChristopher,
who soon made hosts of friends by his straightforward, honest dealing,
and his polished, polite behavior towards everybody. Meantime. Mr.
Ceorge Rummell hereafter mentioned i married Jane, the beautiful
daughter ot" Mr. Sneath. and soon after Mr. Sneath sold his interest in
the store to this new son- in law. and to his old clerk. Christopher. The
new firm started April ist. 1X^7, and conducted the business at the
same place, under the name ot the (ierman store." tor seventeen
sears, when, on account of ill-health. Mr. Rummell withdrew from the
firm. From this time forward Mr. Snvder conducted the business
.done, as he did up to the time ot his death. In April, 1X4;. Mr. Sny
der was married to I'hilipena. daughter ot Philip |. Augspurger. of the
village of Albig in Hesse-Darmstadt, Cermany. who arrived with her
sister. Miss F.va. in Tiftin. in the year 1X44. Miss I'.va is a twin sister
of Mrs. Snvder. and was clerk in Mr. Snyder's store during the last few
years of his life, where she acquired a general knowledge of mercantile
business. Naturally talented, gifted with a lively, pleasant nature and
<_ r ood health, she has herself been in the mercantile business for more
than twenty years, and built ^jp a nice trade in the line o! woolen yarns,
/ephyrs. general needle-work and fancy articles. At present she is in
company with her widowed sister. Mrs. Snvder. in their store on
Market street.
( >n the ?2(\ of March. 1X57. Mr. Snvder died, after a short illness,
leaving his widow and three small children in good circumstances.
Mrs. Snvder raised hei children well, and ^av e them a good education.
There were two daughters and one son: < ). P. Snvder. well and favor
ablv known among the business men ot Tittin: Augusta, who was
married to Mr. Alt. I). Men. and who died in Davenport, Iowa, about
one year ago. and I'hilipena. the wife of Mr. Ru-sel Knapp. of the Tiftin
1 1' ilni n<' .
Christopher Snyder's short lite was a most excellent specimen of
manhood turned to utility": ever ready for business, open hearted,
and strictlv honest, trimdlv. yet di^mlied. he svas one of the most pop
ilar men haul - of Tittin.
'The i'amilv o< < npies a respectable position amongst the best families
i.; the ' ity.
( 'hristopher and, the writer bee ame Iriends when first we met in Tiftin,
\\\ A",_i-'. iS^. < Mir friendship grew stronger as years rolled on.
Manv a Sim ! iy afternoon we spent in pleasant t onversation under the
ild s\ i amore tree on the bank ot the Samluskv river, talking about
our native hills and ..n, future |, r ..s|,,-, t, M; -.h,, ! \ anker I a; d
the year 1X50 it Lei ame the d'it\ ..I the write! : prepare a 'nil
'in orporanoii oi the ;..un ,ii I'utin w.th l-.r I', ill. ,nt".i , .u .,fth--
se< i -ml lass, and MI draw inu the hound ;r\ : the \ -1:111.; < .t\ . I -li-l n-i'
ne^iei t the nid s\, am. Me tree, wh;i !i now i-miis i p. on! :n the .11 t <[
the legislature im orporatiiu the < it\. >p.\dei and the 'iid tree hase
passed away, and the writer is let' in the e\enin- >>\ hi> ::! to te-'ud
their memory, i See ait im -M \ irat:n_: the i :t\ o! I' (tin
I.) i iKl.l k!'M\! I I '
1 he subjei t nl this sket< h was horn .11 ( ' iinmSiana i n;nt\ . ' >hi-i. <M
the iJth da\ of Man h. \. I . 1X04. Hi- parent- were ir-'in l'enns\i
% -Hi i.i. I he aiii e stofs i ame trom ( ierm.uu t ieo; _;c w t- h< -rn in-i
raised ,, n a tarm. ami rei eived oi;l\ a i oinmon -.1 hoo! ed".i atioii. an t
bed 'i'e he arrived at maul 1 he learned, the trade "t a !>ni kia\ er 1 i
eame to 'I'ltlin in the till ot i s }.j. and w orked at his trade ;] a! mi it tw -
years, and Imarded at Sneath's hotel. Here he made 'he .t. /i i::'.tam .
<>t I me. the .leantifui daughter .if Mi Mii.-atli. md marr;eil !:er op. the
Xth of \,, \emher. [X;;. Mi- R-iminel! died M .it- h .- ; '. ': . \ > ;., M.
the !:- day ... \, ,,-;:. ,S-. \|- R-niim-.-l! and Mi -srv. 1 .-
' ''partner-hip in :he men I'lt:;,- '-1-.:;, -, . 1 :mn. i:ij} o|. t .-d. a;;-; .:
se\ i li ' t. e : \ eat's, i ojii illi 'ed '. he 'A e i I k |]ow 1, ,'i ife <'. \\ I -i : _':! I - 1 . f.-t
ki'o'A n .1- -lie " ( i , -I'm an >: o; <
' M: ' : e I-- ,f I I,-, emi.er. i - ; \|- l<:;m:i. .; M \l i: .
\; I -".kin 'ian.i. :h'. ; .".' la, ,,!. ( i-i}' '
^02 HIS10RV 01 SKNKCA iJOl'NTV.
to deliver over to the sheriff not only the goods, but also the accounts,
notes and cash on hand. Kach partner was to take only stuff for one
pair of pantaloons, and let the sheriff see it when he came tor the key.
About nine o'clock, just one hour before the time fixed for the sheritt
to come, ludge I.ugenbeel came into the store, white all over with flour
and mill dust. He had just come from his mill and had in his hand a
shot-bag full of gold and silver. The judge was a great friend of the
young merchants, and walking up to them, said. "' Hoys. I have some
Si. 700 in specie here, and have no use lor it. It you will take it you
can use it as long as you please." They then told the judge the strait
they were in. fudge I.ugenbeel hunted up I.evi Keller, the sheriff, paid
him the amount of the execution, and all went merry as a marriage bell.
Their paper never went to protest. No one ever obtained a judgment
against them. Their credit was as good in New York as anybody's.
They made no large fortunes, but when they separated were worth
about Si 0,000 each and out of debt. Mr. Rummell retired to his farm,
and Mr. Snyder continued in business; both sell-made men who left
behind them. a clear record: and having been amongst the early mcr
chants in Tiffin, and amongst the tew that made no failure of" the
business, their record is certainly not out of place here.
About the year 1^71 Mr. RummeH's old troubles returned, and his
health tailed very rapidlv. He died at one o'clock on the night fol-
lowing Thursday, I)ecember i_Mh. 1^72. esteemed and beloved by all
wlio knew him. The Rev. Mr. ( 'oilier, in preaching his funeral senni >n.
commended his many manly traits of character. I-'or thirty eight long
years the writer enjoyed the friendship of' Mr. Rummell. which was
never disturbed, fora single moment, through all the chequered scenes
of i MISV turmoil.
'There are many merchant- in Titlin now doing ilourishing busbies-,
controlling a great deal o; property, and the writer hopes thev ma\
ea< h and all form exc eptions to tin- general rule .MOW ric h and die
happy.
\\ a- not oiiK an early settler and pioneer, but also a man of consider a
,)';' notorie'v and moral and public worth. He was the oldest son <>!
i/. in Owen, who came to Philadelphia Irian U'ales. They were
'Quaker- and ver\ wealthy. The old gentleman owned a great deal of
and near the town, which i- now < overed by the city of Philadelphia.
1'he write] ; his possession the commission issued bv ( iovern .;
'I hom is M.ulin to Kvan < >wen, appointing h:m justic e of' the pea< e tor
<Cx "^
I-' i sin ni; ( 'reek tou n>h!p. N. in h 'iml.fr! an. I <
Septemher ist, A. !>.. I;M. t" hold 'h-
_;<>(.> i in t say * " s< i Ion.; a-> \ on >h.il! !:a\ \ out sell' well."
1 >.l\ id I '.\ ail ' >Wetl. '.lie siihiei t o! this ^ket. h, \\ a> h>rn "I! t
dav of Ma\ , \. I i.. i 775. and was raised in the ! iji o! i!:h ai'.d
lie was sen; to the i olle_;e 111 Philadelphia, and ret e:\ed a Vef\
eilm .it! on. He had i;rowii to n i.in's estate he to re h:> lather faile
\oiin_; ( )wen wa> < oiil|>elle'l to -.eek ^oine ! i\ ei ihoi u 1 !of I'.Mn^e'.
le.irned the trade ot a hou>e < arpetuei. ani! ssorked .it ;h> 01 i
^evera! years.
in the joth day ot" (>eto!>er. |S;;. !]. was maine-i ;ri I'.
( '" )!'iin!)ia comny. I'eniisyh ania. to |er:j>!'.a S : n j'tJiv "/' 'h.i'. ]'..<
siiine i;nie thereatter hei anu' the owiu-r and e. !:.>: : :he /
.!:<>:,'!':, a I )eino< ratie weekl\ ne \v-spa per. ' );i the . '!. d.i\
\\-tnher. is.' \ he was app" lintei! !y 1 're -id en: lame \h MI: . ; ^'
it l!er\v;ek: ihi - coin Tin SSHMI is signed !>\ keiuiii I. \\- _ . I:.. '^
! lien p 1 istmaster general.
In i'si^. Septenili'jr 7:11, Simon S ; i \ iu.T., _' .s\
appointed him justice of the pen " lor ]..- -..A-.-'..; ,,: |;', , .
I'.riar ( 'reek, in ( '< ilnmhia ( o'in'\ . I'e: '. 'n_
i M-h i', e vi lUi'se! ! well."
Mr. < \\en piil/.ished the nrv p t;--r. .1, (lij. !
Ailentown. le!i;_h eoinr\. 1 'en:i-\ !\ n :. .
u\nr\ .
ilherai
. u hen
l, H--
same i onnt \ , w!u-re he taiuht -< !:> " >\ i"
\ 1 1 1 1 1 ' 1 1 W M he \\ . { - e 1 e i ! ed ! o the
( 'o!'iml)i i distrii '. \\ here he
. all, :. I lul.er iarin. 11 on ;:.- ./'
e ..hill .Hid , ir.irrd .1 L, "A .1
Mr. t > A en !;\ ed \\ ,: i; ln> i nn, ' \ n : ' ''.;
w i \ . k : i A i o ; i ' \ i . \ .1 '>-.<, , , ] .
1'i.r \\ :;.. ".-intv .
o: i - ; i . i lf.\ 1 I'-ni' 'era' ^ i:; : < iu n i
o: p 1 !' ; n. .1 1 'e:iH "i rat , i < oini: \ t < ~. ' . :. '
^K'.r.ie , iti.i:,! He !or .imiii.ir. \l -. In- 'I
i in in :: v;n j ". : * \\ > n L. \ i reek w!i < \\> * : ; n
la-ne wa - 1 '. I,. < ' 'A !!. and '!; f '.:
;04 His I OR Y ()! SKNKCA C'Ot'NTY.
ocrat. They nominated him and elected him: the first Democrat
elected to any office in Seneca countv. He was the second auditor o!
the count). In i 833 lie \vas re-elected, and while he served in th>
capacitx. on the 271)1 day of August. 1X33, Robert l.ucas appointed him
receiver ot the "Ohio Canal Land office, at Tiffin, Ohio." Moses H.
Kirby. the present senator trom the district composed ol the counties of
Seneca, Crawford and Wyandot, was the secretary of state and : igned
Mr. ('wen's commission.
In 1836 Mr. Owen was elected to the senate of Ohio from the sena-
torial district composed of the counties of Huron. Sandusky and
Seneca. Joseph Howard was the Whig candidate, and one of the most
popular men in that party.
On the 271)1 day of June, iX^X. President Van Huren appointed Mr.
Owen "Receiver of the public money for the district of lands subject
to sale by the treaty witli the Wyandot Indians dated April 26, 1836, to
serve lor tour years, from June 2;. 1838." I.evi \\oodbury was then
Secretary of the Treasury. Land sales in Crawford county were
ordered to take place, under the proclamation of the President, on
Monda\. the Oth day of August. 1838. On the 28th dav of November.
i.\v s - the President ordered another land sale, to take place at Marion,
<>n the 281)1 day of January following. This last sale was tor only two
sections, both south ot the base line section ^;. cranberry swamp on
Piroken Sword creek. T. i . S. R. i. and N. L. ' 4 of section 2. T. 2, S.
R. 2.
In coiilormity with the treatv. a ertain per cent, of the proceeds o!
these sales was to be paid to the Wyandots. and the receipts tor these
dividends, in m\ po^esMoii. have the names ot the following chiefs
attached :
Ron-ton-dee or \Varpole: Dou-wan-tout: Tay oil-dot -to hach . Punch :
lion don von wan or Mathias; I >ay -on-quot or Halt King: Manoncue
or Thomas ; Tay-arron -toovea. or lletween the 1 Logs: Widow Harra
haat. \\idow I'.ig Sinew: Tay<|iia way: Ilay>: lllack Sheep: Cliarloe:
Summondewal : 'Isooshui: Droosrousch: Coon Hawk: dray Eyes: ISear
skin; Touromee: Si|ueendehtee: Monture: ( ))d Sliawnei-: l!ig Spoon:
< ross tlir Lake: Ronuneax : l!ig Ri\er: (Iround >i]uirrel: \Oung ( 'lier
iikcr: I ahau'.olis : Se]teniess: (/ax'amec: Little Chief: I'ighter; Tali
Charlt-^: Solrnnoii; Tares-,: Mi- Anns; Noosluitoomohs: Slircaeohlis;
ck : Curree>ai)iioli : Por< iijiine : P>ob ( 'lu/rokee :
oo: Whitr \\'ing: Halt Jolin: St. I'eler: Ree wan
H: Snakehead: Split the logs; Daenunde-.': John
K ulii pie-s: \\'a>p : I'ondee : \ andeeiloo; Summ'-n
1>A\ II' IVAN I >\\T \.
mntuumo; K.KIT; Mi- Kittle ( 'hild:
tumo; Job!) Maptisu-;
( rmv, and many others.
< >ne [i.iy mil ^!n>\vs paid ! th<--e and ..'hers
At the first land -.dc-> in Marion >;;.i '.,5 \\
\\hen Mr. < >uvn resi-ned tin- l'n:!ed .-states
set;. Seeretary of U'ar, under date p ! Ma\ ii>. \
to de!;\ cf over hi-- liuoks. .l.iTs ami l:l"!ir\ - ' .
lius'.iu'ss. ami unt. I olil ai:e <!;- ;'iar.i.r.;
thiimu-li [Militii ian. and ]n-rfe< ti\ a: hoti
near!\ ai! his iiu-. and disrhar-ed <
ati.ii'v and fidelity ; l>'i! he had \ rr\ ii'tle idea "t pr.li ta ,ii
o ; in 1 1 1 1 1 ( i . and. 1 ; k ' i : i > > s t j . < \ ', t ; < ; a n s 1 : a t d. , i i . , . k : : > > \v i' ; p .'. t <
died [pour. lie knew -imply m >:h::_ ah" 1 !; -; . i ;'::, .1,-. ..
o;' nmiiey. lie pi'oxided and li\ed, we!' uhi'e he \\.i>\ :.'\...:
his iiiiilieX \\\i> _(i]'e he e< onoini/ed. !:iij,H the I'.M i >! i .: '
li was a popular <>tm er. a generous, hln-iai man. \\ a - -': f '\
and, s, rii] iiiloush honest in ail his ir.teri o".rsc u;t!i his ;e'.'.pp\\ \u\
\v.i~ hi^hl) respet ted. Mrs. (i\\ ( a. ilie'l :n I ,::,n lanuarN ;. \ :
si \' \ t\\'o years, nine months ami -; x'een i i i\ s, M s . < >u en '
ten; 1 per n, i s s 7. a^ed eighty -two \eat-, lo-ir month.- aii'! "'.:< !a\
-11: and three daughters are still i:\.r._.
\\ ' en Mr. ( 'wen resigned t'ue .,::.- . :
( , MS. .r !.:< as .pointed M:. I . . < ,: : '
oo His TORY or SI.NKCA OH'XTY.
Tiffin, great quantities of land were sold, and the money paid was all
gold and silver. The state had furnished Mr. < hven an iron chest to
put hi-, money into; it looked like a block ot iron two teet square.
When it was full he hired a team to haul it to Columbus.
( hie time Ihmiel Ihldine. Sr.. with his team, and Mr. Owen, on their
way to Columbus with the chest, stopped at a hotel in Marion for the
night. The hotel was crowded with all sorts of customers, and there
was a groat deal of carousal going on. What to do with the iron chest
they did not know, but were of the opinion that it would not do to take
it into the tavern, for it took four men to put it into the wagon Finally
they concluded to leave it in the open yard in the open wagon, simply
covering it with a little straw. The next morning everything was found
all right. Xobodv suspected that the two old farmers had SSo.ooo in
gold in that old wagon.
For those who have a curiosity to read the Mohawk Indian, and tur-
ther. to preserve a specimen of it from utter oblivion, there is attached
hereto the jd verse of the 6th chapter of St. Mark, followed by a trans-
lation ot the same into Mohawk :
" Ami when the Sabbath day was come, he lit-^an to teach in the syna-
u'o^ne: and many hearing him wen- astonished, saying* From whence hath
This man these things? and what wisdom is this which is Driven unto him.
that even >ueh mi^htv works are wrought bv his hands?"
Was born in l-'rederick countv. Maryland, in i So(>. On the iith ot
September, i^;^. he was married to Fh/abcth l>alt/ell. ot that countv,
A'ho was a sister of Thomas Halt/ell, tormerly living in Seneca town-
shiii, -"id ol I >r. Kuhn's lir-^t wife. Soon alter Ins marriage Mr. laiLCen-
bei-1 moved to Seneca county, where he resided up to the time ol his
death. When the writer first got acquainted with Mr. I.ugenbeel he
vas a partner in the mercantile business \vith (acob Stern, in Tittin.
\bout i'\^4 he bought the land of Joseph Jauay. where, in i-S^O. he
' nit a grist mill on the river bank, a short distant e south ol town, that
is ever situ e, and until verv recently, been known bv the familiar
' nne ot I.ugenbeel's mill." Mr. I.ugenbcel took < harge ot the mill
iimisell. and soon made it the most popular mill on the river.
\Ker !i:> IJ'JH lintnieii! .
uNuiiiMi plea-., lie \\a> : fii.i i;!\ . i " I ;.;_
tilk- he retained t< the : . m i I
n | >':! >l\>' .u'f.i:r-. am i \v a- .-',
itec.une ime nt the in-'-; j >\ ; '. er, a- v. .1 , t .
eminent, men in Senei a cu'ints. llr \va.> t
natnraliy |ili:l>,ii[ili;( in hi- tlio-u':::^, : -;,,.,__.,;
nl" |i iii^he'1 in.mner> wi'.lM'it the ie..t-..' . i>:-':ita'. i :
tr'ie Ineiiil. kni'l. l>ene\ olen: ; a man >\ <-\\l t .:'^--'\
ami ^enerc'i-. lie wa> lieh >\ ed }>\ i..- i;i:;ma'e
! i\ all. He \v.i> ' i tie 'it ;!ie i >!':_ ma: >r> < >'. '!>. >:
ami line nt ;!- !ir-t ilirei t'T-. II liei'i i ;r:::i'.
luiUe llnwen ->ay. at nne time, ttiat am m.;^! a!! tie
h:-\erv lar^e circuit, there \va> ii'i'. i>ne t!iee;'sai
tur -niiml juii^meiH and i aji.u ity.
Aimn: i v ) ; Mr-, l.n^er.lii-el died, ami the
lemimah Sonder, heiemlier M. iS.};. T!ie i'li'Ut
iS'i-, in tin- ti!t\ ei.^lith \ear ni h.- a_e, withnu;
e-t.Ue. wh:i!i W.IN regarded a> i>:ie -: the !'/> a
i i unity. !" lii- wii IM\\ . u hi i - i! -:;. ;\ t - h ; . m. I- :'. \v '
\ er\ indiilerent r ei-e km M\ - ':::: !.'.. .1': >;'. :\\\.
308 HISTORY OF SKNF.CA COl'NTY.
ger, attorney-at-law. at Tiffin, Ohio; Mrs. M. F. Stem, at Sandusky
City: Mrs. H. S. Kendig, at Tiffin, Ohio, and Charles W. Pittenger. at
West Liberty. < Miio.
John Pittenger worked on his father's farm, where he was born, until
he was over thirty years of age, and when losing his health he moved
to Craceham. a small Moravian village, in Frederick county, where he
entered into the mercantile business, and which he continued until he
removed to Tiffin with his family, in 1X29
lie came to Ohio first in 1X23 or 1824. passed down to Cincinnati.
Sitting on his horse on a hill overlooking the embryo city, he came to
the conclusion that there was nothing there to make a city, and rode
on down to North Bend, where he thought the prospect was better.
I'l'om there he passed north through Indiana, crossed the Black Swamp
into Seneca county. Here he was pleased with the line timber and the
streams, and concluded to locate here. In the fall of 1X25. he sent a
stock of goods bv wagons from Baltimore. Maryland, and opened the
same in the name of ]. and 15. Pittenger. Benjamin I'ittenger is a
younger brother, still living, and familiarly known by the name of
ludge I'ittenger. Leaving his brother Benjamin in charge ot the store,
he returned to Maryland. The store and building have already been
described. The business was thus carried on until 1834. In 1X37 Mr.
John Pettinger carried on the business in his own name, until 1X44 or
I^IT. Li 1X3: the tw ) br >'.hers started the turnery on Perrv street,
already mentioned, and conducted the same until they sold it to Flem-
ing and Schock. about the year 1X^9. Mr. I'ittenger was an active and
industrious man. He carried on a farm on lands he entered in this
county. He was constantiv employed at something, and when he quit
public liie he started a nursery on the south side o! Market street. 0:1
the lot now occupied by the "Turners' Hall" and Mr. John Nuser's
residence. Here he busied himself with budding and grafting trees tor a
number of years,
lie became a member of the Methodist church at an early
age. ami remained a ((insistent member all his life. His home in
Oraceham \vas a general stopping p!.r - e for ministers of all denomina-
tions, rather Purcell. now arch-bishop of Cincinnati, frequently a<
< epted his hospitality when he was at Fmmitsburgh. F.ven alter he
. d to Tittin lie olten entertained Method's; ministers at his house.
i r >ssed the mountain on horseback nine times, between ! red eric k
.. M
M, ;
I' "UN I'! i I J.N'.I K.
\\'hilc Mr. I'ittetuer wa> a in. in f'lll of energy and
ijtiict ami uni>blni>i\ e. He was not \er\ talka:;\e, t
tery or blames about him. I I r u as s;m err anil i-ariu
svith men. Ilr was a !.u_:c. nri>< ula: a;-.'! bony ma
well i)iiilt He had a lar-e head, , car
and .is the weight ! \ear> made their in UK ;;.
bald. his hair and beard while, and his .owcr
down, so that inward^ the evening >i hi-- liie e \\.i- .
.kred. He was a de< ided \\ hi_. l.-it
died on tin. 1 Jut!) day <>t' ()< tuber, 1-57. at the r:;-e a^
vc.ir^, nine months aiul Inur da\ >.
\\'a> a younger brother nf |ohn 1 'it tender. He ua> imi
i ounty. M ar\ land, i >n the jijth i'.a\ n! |an::ary, i -<> -. -1:1
lie \\a^ rai^edi. ( >n the <;th da\' <ii Sej.tember. i --j;. he
1'hereNa ( 'reefer i alreaily nienti' iiu-d , and huated in I .
ber ot the -.ante year. lli-- w;te 'bed here 1 >e< ember
a_;e i)i torty-tW'i years. lea\iii_; li\ e < h.'.di 'en Mr. I'it'.et
ned ajain on the i }th da\ o! I ) ( -i rmber. iS.j.j. - .i \1
Hunier. whu al>o died Auu'"->l 15. 1-^77.
Mr. I'lt'en^er wa~. one ut the lir-! a-^iM iate r^Le-- o|
holihn^ I'M at IMI^UIOII l\\ term-- > loiirteen \ear> . ind
:aniiliarl\ kno\\n b\ the name ot |nd^e P;tten_er. lie- :
Mud ol work, and therefore unlike hi-, lirothe: |o!:n \s
lm>\ 'I'he jnd^e wa-> one oi tin- t -.iri\ i:.;d< r- -I :':.<
he i oiint\. and continued thu-> un;.! tha: ;i.ir:\ ;
'indi.'!' ( ieiieral Scott, in i S^ j ; and \\ hen. in !--;'.'. K
wa- or^an:/ed and |ohn ( '. I reinoii? nomin.i'
Utai hed h;m>el! to :!:at part), ind ha- .d u.'.':
I'ledcM, k
\ i\|,,i i:i.| Mr- \I I'.u-kirk.
I ".< !_e 1 ' ; tender, in tlie in 11 \ .
ria_e. wa-- i i >o- it ^;\ lee! two mi
eye brows, a hiti^ lace and rath
I .n k-on ver\ in'ji h. 1'.".! th'' e:
310 HlvioKY or SINKCA COUNTY.
over his head, have left it very white, and broken down his physical
powers very material!}'.
The judge \va- not a man of great tone of character, hut honorable.
dignified, kind and sociable.
|o||N AND I. oi ISA I IKi;K.
There were also many mechanics in Tittin who tailed to make a
success. This is a world of cause and eliect, and. to a great extent.
just as we make it. John Fiege came to Tiffin from (lermany in 1834. a
cabinet maker by trade. He was a good mechanic, a kind, clever
man. and strictly honest in his dealings. He built up a large trade.
and accumulated property rapidly. In 1836 he was married to Mary
Louisa, oldest daughter of Philip von Blon. who located in Tiffin about
that time and soon moved onto a farm in Lden township, where he-
lived a long time.
Mrs. Fiege was born in Waldrnohr in the Bavarian Palatinate, on the
8th day of I>ecember. 1813. John Fiege was born in Oedelsheim. in
the Electorate of Hesse. July ^. i.Sii. They had ten children in all.
of whom three sons are still living, now familiarly and favorably known
as the "Fiege Brothers," carrying on the most extensive furniture and
undertaking business in the city. lohn Fiege was drowned in a mill-
race March ^ist. 18(19. Mrs. Fiege died December 2<;th. 1874. Both
were among the most highly esteemed people in Tiffin.
\\Yre brewer- and coopers by trade. The}' came to Tittin in 184-. from
Bavaria. The\ produced lager beer in 1848. which is thought to have
been the- first in Ohio. In 18^4 thev erected a new brewery on River
street, and conducted the business together until 1860. when Mr.
Mueller bought Mr. Schmidt's interest, and carried on a very extensive
business. He turned Schmidt's brewer}' into a malt house in i8;j.
Mueller'^ beer is celebrated all over Ohio and the west.
Mr. Mucllci' had promi-ed to write out a little history of the brew-
eries in Tittin. but. like >o man\ ot our good intentions, it was left
undi me.
"( hri.^t. Mueller.'' as he is familiarly called, is a very (lever and
i oiiL TI , a 1 LTentlemai ot excellent >ocial nature, and a tine- convcr-
sationaii-!. ((.- i- ;i --real lover <! mu^ic. and was one of ihe mo^t
a(tive an.ong ;'; founders of the "Brnderbuiid." a (icnnan Dinging
..-o> .a'.i' i : ; wa- organixed in :- v 54. and is still in existence. He
IarL:e lamiU'. and witli the Lireat industr\' and eiieru'v ne< essarv to
ERRIBLE FIRE!
Satiii'tlav. .\l'i:l I-".. l-7_'. inaik^an C|MM-|I in ;l;i tin- ! ; :-:,.|\
\\ill ni-MT In- t'or^Miicn t'\ tli"-,- \\lni u iini-.M-i| ;ln- it-iiii'lf
A I mi 1 1 l\\ u'i-Ii'i-k ami I'm I \ niinui -. ; iir a la: in "I tin- \\ a> L
i >i n I \\ a I'll . am I in a ini 'im-nl t hi- I'M r I n-ll> <>\ \\\f n; \ u rir i i
!..ml clamor nf lianucr. DIM in- lln- ila\ ihc u iml ha- 1 ln-rn l
I'rulii a no) t h\\ i'->tt'r!\ <\ ii n-i inn . a in i \\ ln-n I In- a ia: in \\ .1- _ i\ !
iir_'l\ al U- ln-i'jhl. 'I'ln ililb-ri-nl lire roiii|'an!i - ha-lini'l
\\ .1 1 1 1 . I"-' I lii'T \\ i i I; 1 In- cil i/i n~- 1:1 -in -i a 1 !\ : ni-ai !\ i \ ri \ I .. 1\
i|iati-l> in I li- ilii t-cl ion \\ In-t i In- liic \\ a-> -lipp.,-, ,| ;,,!., \\
inliiilion ihal liicri- \\a> urk In \><- iloiir lli.i' \\n;i'i !i-.,:,.!i-
of all.
I pun rc;ii-liinu lln- ui"ii!i'l il \\,i^ ili-^ci >\ ci'i il Ilia: JIM- u,t- i'
rn. .(' "I M ! -. A . l.'au - in'^ l:oii-r. mi M i.i n i 1 -1 n-i ; . am! ! l:i
,,rcii|.i.-il |.\ A. McN.-al. i.n *Mmln-k\ -;;..':. ;Vl)
Tl'c < \. _:<:.<- \\MI- iiiiiiii-i 1 iati-i \ |ii;l I" U"i!
i n^int- hi u-i-. anil I l:c ' 'I In i iic.il !\ "| ')"-- !i M' N i , >
1 1 ! i -, 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 L; I n i MI I i " n I < I ; I n > 1 " i 1 1 . i < I \ \ i .: ' : ! .
\\ i ' 1 1\ i i m ' i . 1 1 ' I . ; i > 1 1 1 1 lii.il v. a < i i n i n 1 1 1 i : a I i . ' 1 !
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -i I i a 1 1 i \ . a 1 1 ' I \\ a - ' ! " i 1 1 _; _; < " I \ i i ! ! i o i ; . \\ 1 .
-,i\ i- mi! . Tl ' - n' t i --Mali 'I a i lian-i' ;n : !. -
ami i;a\ i In I:'.' a 1 1 1 lit 1<I. \\ ;l I; I nl ' ;. '.
,, , n!' 'i l" --;a:ii :?i !: ! ' ' m --. ami i ! . i .
Ilu mi an! n>. a la! -i- i.iMiil n "I i ;!i . i -
all thai \\a> |'o--:l'li "1 Ihi- ! n i !i itaai) :
312 HISTORY OF SENECA COUNTY.
On the opposite side of Sandusky street, right directly in the face of the
wind and lire, the hook and ladder companies and citi/.ens were on the roof
of Ogle's store and the dwellings in the rear, busy with buckets of water to
save them. The lire raged higher and liercer. and these buildings had to lie
deserted, as the heat was too intense to be endured.
.lust at this time, about fifteen minutes after the lire was discovered, the
word went around like magic that four barns were in ilames. and a few rods
in the rear and a little north of Ogle'- store: so intently was the attention of
every one directed to the first building on lire, and saving those near, that
these barns were not discovered until every part of them was on lire and the
Ilames were shooting up nearly one hundred feet. This changed the whole
face of everything. It was found that the buildings first on lire and those
near had to be left to their fate, and attention turned to the saving of prop-
erty ahead of the lire. All became dire confusion among those most likely
to sutler immediately from the Ilames. Attempts were made to save the
buildings with buckets of water, and removal of furniture began. Women
and children were crying with fright, and the owners of property, with pah-
faces and compressed lips, saw the impossibility of saving their houses.
Scarcely had the liie in the barns above mentioned been discovered, when
ilames were seen leaping up from Le Baron's stave factory, sixty rods or
more distant. This burned fiercely, and the wind from a gale became almost
a hurricane. Burning shingles, hoards, coals and sparks Ilew in every direc-
tion, and ignited everything they touched. Fires were kindled in everv
direction: at this time, twenty-live minutes after the first alarm, upwards of
fifty buildings were bla/.ing furiously. The ilames leaped from building to
building: dense volumes of smoke covered the doomed ground, and it seemed
that nothing but an interposition of Providence could stay the destruction.
In thirty-eight minutes after the lire started, the roof of the house of Mr.
Singer, on the east side of Washington street, was nearly burnt off. while
everything inllammable between that a
It was impossible to keep track of the b
fire seemed to start in every direction.
of the clock.
Karnest. terrible lighting was done, hut the heat was intense and showers
of lire so u'reat that the people were helpless in what is now called "the
burnt district."
A I>l->I'Ki: ATK FH.IIT.
We arrived at Sneath's warehouse. Kaup's planing factory and depot.
Here the desperate fmht of the day was made. The lire was making fearful
ravages and rapidly approaching these buildings which are divided from the
burnt district h\ the railroad. Had the lire got into these large buildings.
the < )liio Stove works, over forty residences, and Cunningham's mill would
have been burnt, and the lire would have crossed the river and the business
portion of the t\vn \\oiild have been doomed. The t u o steamers were put
In work at thi- point, and a large number of citi/eiis look hold and \\orked
with tli'' liremen. Benner's house and barn and Bartell's saloon, directly
Sneath's warehouse, were burning fiercely. The water house and
the railroad, with lar^e piles of wood opposite the planing fadon
depot. Were himiiim' terriblv.
I Hi. i.KI \ 1 I IKI . ; | ;
III the svarehon-M-. Smosd A. \\\. \\:i<\ ."iii.imi lm-0id> ,,| ulic.it. and _i".ti
l>ll>hrls ul Hilts. Tllf oats SSd'r 111 tllf Upper Mois limlel tin I,...) . am! ihi-
precaution ")' lirinifinii in pail> there, had li.-.-n !.ik--n. M\ nidi unv on ih-
oals In \\aldl tltf spaik> \shicli \\ere MOSSII umie! I In- -di III^I-->. A^ the^r
parks tVll. thes \\ null) th ro ss \\ aid- \\ t hdn ;m<l '-\; :ii-_'ui>!i tin-in.
( )M tlif out -de. 11 in i urir nn !)), i, ,,ij ss it h paiK and tin- hie eonipan',
thress \sater Hutu the ln>nt. to^-thd uiih iuh;;n_' :h.- P.diiid and M. irtd!
lire. The >amr work ssa- ilcim- c.n tin- plainnu' 1. 1- !"i\ aii'l il.-p..i . !...{!, ..|
u hid i \\ err on lire inside ;ui<l \i\ >c\dai 1 inn--^. A I -nc t MIH- 1 1,,. i|i-|>ni u a-.
in l!.uiif>. ami it \\as tlnnmh; that \\ u,i> <|.I.-IH.'I| ; ;h.- !n-;_'h! ua- part!a!i\
rdin'\ci|. llnuf\cr. lm>i- \\a- u r "! iMit" the i',i'.|. aid tin- hu:Mnm \\a>
lU-liiLji-il and >a\ rd.
\n cniicd.itiiiii of this ran In- pirinrrd ,.;, j.aprr. li s\a> a di-ad r^lit
lirt \\fi-n >rrtliiii'4 ilalnrs on niir sidr aid dr-,|.i-ialr nidi intdi; \\ >a\ :ML;
Inilidn-ds til' tliuii>ands tit' didlais' u . <\ lli i >l pi -.ppd ! \ mi t !; ..', !,;. '1'i.,- latid
pn-\ ailrd.
h.nix- <>\ Mi ->. < .lids, at tin- rtirnn n| Miami am! M-in-r. 'I'h.i; . u :;!. MH-
I lull liniiM'. wa> 1 1 it- tin Is irt'i>f rt > >a\ nl on that -'jiiarr. A niiiui" ; ! \< >\iii^
inrii took hold thd-f . and. \s it h liiirkrt> ol s\ a!n. l-,rpi tin- lir.- assas t j <\\ it .
or rather f xtinuniishfd it sshnirsri it Imr^t out. 'I'hr hrat \sa> -o jmrii-r
thattlioNf working liad to ro\ c r thrir larr -, ss ith ssrt dot |^. It \\a- -a\-d
alter a tic If niiined ii-j;lit . and al'td' i! ss a^ on t'nv >r\ rial I iinr^.
\\'r >a> this \\ as anot hrr kfs to llie >alet s ot othrr pioprrt \ 1 1 m t In- la<-;
I hat dirertls opposite ssa-- an old dssellin_ r thai would ha'.i- ^om- : m-\; t"
that a frame, and >o on. Imildiirj after Luildinu. nnt:l the ( 'uni:inuii mi
\\arrhoiisr ss a> rearhed ; all of ss lndi ss < mid has e lisirni . and ! hr dd s\ mild
has e I ied | t lie dest met joli of all the faetiihr-, and lill^ilio-- p. " t .''.> . ! 'I';;!.!'
It ss a> a fearful t line, aid our sse do \\,<\ ss i-^h [o ss itne--> \>\\: ..;.. ;
! inie .
The lire eoiiipanie-^. a-^ companies, and i nd :s id nails . did all ' ''. a- )
tm them to t|o. Thes ss e i e |iioni|itls on hand, and \\hen tin' !al'"i r-\ ;|,,-
rltl/rll- SSa> ilo||r. tllrS kept at SSo|'|<. SSol'II oil! a- t!l'S SSd,-. I.!! la!. .
>iimla> . Thes hmm ! t heir ss oi k la it hi nils and s\ . '. '.
A I 'oil 1 folt\ -fi\ r minutes alter the lile stalled t he entile p!..pr| !
ua-> in llaiin- s. The lire from Sinuvr'^ hmi-e pa --d :.::,..
and i^mt'-tl the pump--li"p of I-'i-hliimih and '.'.
I. mi!'. 1 n t he meant ime li^htiirj lire ss a- d"i,> n .1
The lire d-o-M-tl tin- riser and ->tai ted ^n.;'
\\in.d-,. t rrr> and Idirr- lii \ond l"i our and ,.!,. !;
1 1 1 a ' "1 t ! ! e r o 1 1 1 1 a LTra t i o 1 1 . I ' n 1 no d a 1 1 1 a u'< ss a - i ;
I )n Ihr -Mpiai e 111 -! I'lirni . t hr 1 III lilt Ml't'-. i'i-d'
i rinos rd ' o -,) rri-i ^ ad loiniiiLT and !r| 1 . a- ss a- - :p
!i '. ,'hi'il 1 1 ij were toimd 1'iirnt up oi on lire.
Thr i-i'is roiineil lelr^raphnl t.. ^andn-k
aiissscr. did ^" au'ain. and linalls inlo''m'-d ^ i
a|ipioaehiiiL r the railroad hridu'e. Thru ;! < ::,i. i,
and t la i nx'im- n-aehed Ti'hn MI I'oi i s mi ,' - t !
-14 HISTORY OF SKNKCA COUNTY.
I hrew water in less than one hour I'mm the ti nic six' left Sandusky. After
working one halt' hour >he collap-ed a line. She \vas well handled up tu that
time, and Sandusky deserved TiHiti's roiilplinHMlts.
The larger portion of these losses are sustained b\ men in moderate cir-
cumstances, who cannot well hear the blow. Some are laboring men who
have secured a home by hard knocks, and \\ere thus left homeless.
Saiidu-ky street West side:
McNeal. snoods in -tore s IJ.IMMI
Mrs. Haw-on's buil'linu's :;.."",( HI
Sandu-ky street Fa>t side:
A . \ F. Oiilf. two-stor\ brick building, and d\\ ellinu' adjoining, one
and one-half story, and two one-story frames <.<HHI
T. ( 'oil ins. loss on u'oods 1 . IK in
1 ). ( '. Pa u <ih man. t\\ o--tor\ brick and frame barn, etc J.unn
A. Median, two-story frame / I'.iiun
Miami street North side:
A . tV F. ( )L, r le. two frames, one brick and two barns ;>.(< M)
A. McNeal. two-si ory frame house, barn and wood :>.IKI<)
Mrs. ( i lick, frame barn and smoke-house .",110
Franklin slreel West side:
John Knot l. house and barn HI MI
W. Shuu'an. two-si or \ frame house I ..-,n<i
P. 1 1 art tier, frame liarn I'uo
Adams street South side:
P. Ilartaer. double house and two-siory brick :',.MIU
N . N ubcl. la rue barn .",IHI
l-'ranklin si reel Fasl side:
Mrs. l!rc-ni n. t rame house si HI
Adam- -t reel Soiit h side:
1 ). Arndt . brick house and barn l.noo
D. liartcH'- lirick. etc 4.11011
( i em u'e I Jell lie I 1 ' > l|oll-c ,1 lid ban I 1 .OUO
Adam- street North side:
.Jacob K uh n's frame house 1 .nun
15. Tro\ell's In ui-c and barn 1 .-on
I Jail road company, i \vo-st nr\ frame, etc L'.OOO
IJailroad company I"-- on freight rcmo\ ed and \\hi-ky deslroyed. . . . ."inn
Franklin -treel I'.a-i side:
M. Kiihn. t \\ o i!\\ cllinus and one barn
Mr. t,|uinn. d\\ elliiiLT house
I.. \ . 1 5a ron. -ta\ e factory
T.. T. A \'.. rai ! road com pans . lie- burnt
\\ ashinuloii -tree! We-1 -ide:
]'.. ( 'm-tfd. 1 1 on -> and barn
!'..!. Wanner. liou-,c and barn
II. 1 .. K 1'iida 11. brick hoii-e and barn :;..".IKI
A . P>randcbur\ . brick hmi-e. . :;.IHXI
\\';i->!iiir_'ion -I i r.'t K.I-;
SaiuiH'l Slunlf. ham. rtr . .
!'. "Miiuvi . ! >n>-\\ In 'ii>'- .iii'i
M im-i'\ .1 -M i !'! :
I'au! Milln . II.HIM- ;ui'i i'.ii n
I.. l!;iiiL r . lu>ii->i-
'I'luTr \\flr ;iNn ;i !l I! 111! 'fl'
in tin- ;tu^i''-u;il'-. Tin- t"l;il
CHAPTER XX.
SURPLUS REVENUE POLITICS FIRST POLITICAL JOLLIFICATION -TIFFIN IN
THE WOODS TIFFIN INCOR PORATED- FI RST ELECTION - I NCORPORATION
OF FORT BALL ITS FIRST ELECTION- INCORPORATION OF THE CITY-
FIRST CORPS OF CITY OFFICERS HARRISON NOBLE- PLANK ROADS-
PIKES-TELEGRAPHS THE SCHOOLS OF TIFFIN.
WIIF.X the revolutionary war ended the general government
and the colonies were badly in debt ; the former was com-
pelled to repudiate, and those ot the colonies that were luckv enough
to have surplus lands under their old charters, were enabled to pay a
large part of their debts by land scrips. Virginia and Connecticut,
owning the entire northwestern territory, paid nearly all their colonial
debts by these scrips, which secured the first titles to land northwest
of the Ohio river. The general government struggled along with an
empty treasury for many years, until finally the duties on imports and
the proceeds from the sale ot the public lands made her exchequer
flush, and the statesmen of those days were troubled with the surplus
revenue. There was no national debt, and the money accumulated in
the I'nited States treasury until it became a burden. The recom-
mendation of (leneral lackson. to distribute it among the >tates. was
approved by some and opposed by others. Some ot the eastern states
had no particular use tor their shares, but it was a dod-send to Mime
of the state^ in the west, where the people suffered greatly for want ot'
money, which was especially true oi Ohio. The gross amount to be
distributed wa> SJO,GOO.OOO. The portion to Ohio was Si. 42^.000: and
the amount that came to Seneca count}' was S; i .7 V- 7,v v The act
passed congress and was approved by the President on the ^Cith day of
Mar< h, 1X37.
I!y an act of the general assembly of the Mate of Ohio, the coumv
commi-oioners ot each county were made lund commissioners of this
iiirjilu-i revenue for their respective counties. On the jd da\ of May,
ri 1 1 h -.
and titty eight persons, m sums i.f Sic:
inort^a^e on uiiem umbered real estate
1 his was a -reat relief to Senei a i -.rn
ally. Mr. Read, the ed.itor ,,f the /."
editorial on this subin t, Ma\ i ;. i - ;;. -.
' hf ainuimt thus Inane,! \\ , !:..].. ma\ i.-l:
I''' 1 in "ur 'I'liimunit \ . ainl i-nal'li- iu.in> :
nii'li-r \\hirii Hir\ ha\r 1,,-t-ii lal'urinu. Th
fiii-f in '-sial.lishjim c.iiili'li-in c in ..ui :ii<'\\
\\ tiifli. tlmuu'li I'l-rliaj.s 1: ,,i as l.ail a- it !i,:_
:'- ..encra L.'ovi-rn!tic'i! >
in !!!' ; roa>r,r\~ iii >u . '[".
inti i ;!K- mill:. >n>. ( ic:u I'at^; >\>~
th'- liiiniblc littk- 'hook \\ 111 !f.
>t" t!u- fniu-.l >;..;<- sha;: .1. i
' !':'" v : .:u. .inii i i.: tiu-
i!.' : ' r lii-h iric^ o; < !.i:i i li
'I i 'li-rant ;n all tiling, i: ^> .1
an> ''.her hi- ri^lit t" p:'i_r 'i
: :i - ami rrliLiion. M,!i ( .;;c
\\- and -, attrn-d a- .!:-
. and rt'iin n rd tar a\va\
] '.i rt \ sj , : r; t v\ < <; .d v.
.,t irr t\v. i and ; hrn v,
president, and the light on tlie I'nited States bank culminated in the
removal ot deposit-,, the vetoes of the re-charters, which agitated the
whole country. Part}' spirit ran high in iS^j. when Jackson was the
Democratic candidate for re'-election. Clay was the candidate and the
embodiment of the Whig jiarty. ('lay and Jackson were both Masons,
(ireat prejudices were entertained against both, and the Morgan affair
was in everybody's mouth. The Masons were very much abused, and
a new party was called into existence, called "anti-Mason," under the
leadership of William \Virt, of Maryland, who was the candidate for
president, and Amos Lllmaker, of Pennsylvania, for vice-president.
The ides of November came on and Jackson was re-elected. Now the
Democrats hadjto have a jubilee, and the first political jollification in
Seneca county came olf at the house of Colonel John Goodin, in Tiffin,
on Thursday, the 6th day of December, iS^2. Hon. David 1C. Owen
was appointed president, and Andrew laigenbeel vice-president.
In writing up the proceedings of this meeting. Mr. L. Brown, the
editor of the Patriiit. the pioneer newspaper of the county, and whose
columns were open to the three parties alike (for he published " Clar
politics." " Jackson politics," and " \Virt politics.") said:
Although many of our friends were unavoidably absent, viewing the lands
in the "Seneca Reservation." previous to the sale ofthem. which commences
mi Monday next, yet the concourse was unusually large.
Thirteen regular toasts one tor each ot the original states.) were
offered, besides a number of volunteer toasts some witty, some less so.
Amongst those who participated were Henry Cronise. George Flack.
Nathan I.. Wright. Joseph Graff. Colonel R. Ja<ma. I'riah I'. Coonrad.
Gabriel (. Keen. L. Drown. Jacob Kroh. Colonel John Goodin. A.
Katon. Samuel ^. Martin. J. II. Drown. I.. Locke. J-'reilerick Kisldcr. 1'.
I. Price. William Anderson. John Campbell. William II. Kessler. Joshua
Senev, Andrew Main/.
The Sr'', ! ' -,/ /',','r,'\ > will be noticed in the chapter on the " Press."
'1'h.e following will --how how Seneca couiltv voted for fourteen
years it its early ln^tory :
In Isjs Adanis. \\"hi'^'. received our hundred and ele\en majoritv.
In ls:;u Jjieas. I )i-nio:-rat . received three niajorit\ .
Iuls:;! 1 Clay. XVliiu'. recei\"ed t \\enty-nine majority.
In \-~-\\\ Lucas. I )eniocrat . received ii\e majorit\ .
hi 1 s ;r, \"an Diiren. Iiemocrat. reeei\ed one hundred and eighty-one
In IMJ -haiiii"!i. 1 >i in- n rat . ii-i-i-i\t-il ii\i- |,
A- a general thin- tiu- i .. ,! 1 i,
the V.K i c-- oi an o. . a- : ;.i >i;.il
i>;>. when the Knu. >':!. n^ -\\>v :i
tlieir <a lit In late- \>\ major it :e- >'. < i i . ;
'The following tal.le -hou- the \..r
K;' Lnea-. I''.!-', M.-. \rtlni! . l 1 '.'-'.-
K;-J .laek-iiii. si -(., ( -j;^ 77. V;-i
IN.:! I.uea-. 7n.7:is l-'in.li.-\ . >.7.l! I
lv:<i \'. ( |i lliiivn. '"..Ml- llarii-n. ]"">.!""
l s ".s liaiiiinii. I'^.s-l \'anec. ln_'.l'.i.
!-l.i Shamnm. r_"'.::U (..ruin. 1("..H_'
}^\- -hanii'Hi. r.-.i.ui.j l'cir\\in. li'..''_'l
i ii ! IN \\ : I . -k i i \:
'There i- very Kttle alio:;! 'T:It,:i ;hat af.ra< :
anil an-wereil a- an imhn einent :>; i:e\\ . .
There wa- n<>thin_ inviting to ihr !:,!in:_: .111'.
In!- \ery < lieap. inileed: < au-ed th.e < ''ikv\ -
i ".red th.e removal o; tiie ian'1 oip. e~ .'!'. ::
the town, limit hoii-e- anil miiU a;:d i'i' i'.^.---
|io-i .ilia e mi thi- -Me. and all '!.;. !':' :!.-
sled very little v it a 1: ! \ tor a !'!!_ tVn i.i . x. n u
'' -. number- i <i. : *'
. in al ino-t an \ term-.
\ !'.-! tin- leu tir-t i '
...l.-ji
.: U :
3^0 HISTORY OK SENECA COUNTY.
names; charged them with having been bribed, and predicted that all
sorts of evils would follow. Kven the purchase of Fort Hall by Mr.
Hedges, failed, for a time, to allay this bitter feeling. Itgre\vinto
fever-heat when the post-office was removed from Fort Ball to Tiffin,
and Jacob Plane was appointed postmaster on this side, in the spring
ot 1^29, under Jackson. Kven Mr. Hoagland, the terryman, became
so incensed against Mr. 1 ledges that at every session of the court he
would come into the court house on the second or third day of the
term, take off his big stove-pipe hat at the door, walk up to the judges'
desk with measured step, in his long brown overcoat reaching down to
his shoes, holding in his hand a large role ot manuscript, which he
would lay before one of the judges, turn round and walk out again with
an air of triumph, snapping one eye at the bystanders. In this manu-
script he complained of Mr. Hedges tor refusing to let Hoagland take
stones out of the river, and many other things.
But the little town, thus languishing, did live (as the lawyers say);
slowly and gradually increasing in numbers, until about the year 1X33
it numbered probably 400 souls. For fourteen years, from the time of
its platting, it was under the government of Clinton township, having
no government ot its own until the jth day ot March. 1^35, the legisla-
ture of ( )hio passed an act incorporating the town of Tiffin. The act
contained twenty-one long sections. It provided, amongst other things,
for the limit of taxation: tor the us- 1 by the town of the county jail; for
the election and appointment of officers: for building of sidewalks and
improving the streets: for provMing fire apparatus: for punishing the
sale of intoxicating liquors, etc. The town embraced the first plat and
first southern addition.
There was no election held under the law in April. 1835, nor ' n
April. 1^3^). Nobody seemed to care tor a town government, but in
lune. 1-^36. the following notice was published in the 'I'ifrin Gazette, vi/:
CORPORATION KLKCTION.
[orris, on Wednesday, the :*ith just., for the purpose of electing oflieers in
'iit'onnity to the provisions of the act incorporating the town of Titlin.
l.KORl.K \V. CIST. (,KOR(,K PARK.
NICHOLAS (iKOTI IIl'S. M- D. C.\ I >U A LLA I >KR.
M. M. MASON. -IOKL ST( >N K.
r 'II. \HLHS Li:\\ IS. .!. \V. MILL KR.
.!< 'UN P.Alf.II KR. DAVID I'.KCK.
mavor of the town.
I'lKHN AM' KORJ l:.\I.!.. 3*1
The population ot'Tittin proper, in 1X40. was ;rS; 1X50, 2.71*: i>os.
i,,<)')2: 1X70, 5.04^, and in i.SSo. ;,SS.\
I'iftin outstripped lort Hall in population ami improvements
liusiness clustered around the p:il>lir ^.ji;arc and .ilonu Washington
.street, where it is yet holding -svay with a ii\<>^\ wonderful ten.uitv
I'i.'tm is unlike in. my other to\viis in the we--: ::: this re>pe< t. where
business extemU into various streets; In; here :t must ! e < "iil'ineil in .1
square or two and sin k tlu-re..
No reason can lie mven lor tin- -.i:^';;,u ireak. !u.-< au-e tin-re > i\
reas. m n. r s L -nse in it.
1-ort Uall hail no orjani/ation -is .1 ur;i:.i .pa'. orp. .r.it:o: ; :\:\',:\ :he
legislature, on th.e i it' 1 - '' :1 > " ! Man h. i -~.\>i. :
an elei t ion lor town otVn ers to in- heM. fi \in_; the '::!' i.irv . ^ . \ . :._ <
pora'e power> to the new town. et< .
I. nob l-'lau_;lier was elected the lu'st ma\ or, |a;nes i'. 1' .
ain 1 | . I | . K isin^L-r was .ipj,ointed ! lie ':r-t in i: >':.ai. It \\ ,ts
l:\ed a'ia;r, and no o'b.er elei t;on was e\'e;' iie.d ':;.der t:;e < h.'.rtrr. :
the or^ani/ation of '1 ii'iin. as a < it\ oi" ;ht- s V , ,,;-.d . i ; . -. . ::.':.: .* ed ':
towns and allayed the old rival jealo'.isv ::. :'. ':, .''. ,t:i:-.o\ed ; :':
iua!-.\ \ears. and iioth had a ri^ht to - i\ w:ti: >':: ikestn t :
I ;L - act. :IK i u'jiorat :n_: t tie i i : \
s passed Man i! j ;,-;. iS;.:. It t
i'he Ill's' >ci tii 'ii pri >vii les \< <r t :
.u ju both towns 'I'il'tin and 1
1 i lescr;] >t ion \ this '; mun, lar\ ..
iiiei 1 before . aii'i the li ''.!< lr- >< -
~-- i t ion two provides tr ;!.e cic
.ii) live i i nn< ilmen. \r> uu ea< i:
.n-titutc.l the ". :'\ . 'n:.. ':."
^ r t ion three pr< >\ ' :- ' ".' ''<' <
-; oi tin r:\er in ; - t lie :.: -'
3^2 HISTORY OK SKNI'X'A COUNTY.
Section twenty-five repeals the acts of incorporation of Tiffin and
Tort Hall.
The act contains twenty-six sections; was prepared by the writer at
the request of the councils of both towns, and was passed by the legis-
lature without any change.
The first election was held on the 2oth of April, 1850. and the fol-
lowing named persons were elected, viz:
Mayor William Lang.
Treasurer Robert Crum.
Marshal Samuel H. Kisingrrr.
Councilmen, First Ward William H. Gibson, William H. Keilhotz,
Andrew Denzer.
Councilmen, Second Ward Jacob Flaugher, W. M.Johnson, George
C. Small.
I. W. Patterson, the last mayor of the town of Tiffin, certified the
election returns.
On the i6th day of January. 1X71, the city council, by ordinance, di-
vided the city into five wards, as now. They are as follows:
First ward is all north of Market street, to the river: extending from
Market street east to Circular; thence south to Rebecca; thence east
along Rebecca to an alley lying east of lot 647; thence south along said
alley to Main: thence east to the corporation line.
Second ward All north of Miami to corporation line, on the left
bank of the river.
Third ward All south of Miami to corporation line, on the left bank
of the river.
Fourth ward All nouth of Market and west of Washington, and west
ofMelmore streets to the corporation line.
Fifth ward All cast of Washington and Melmore, and south of. Mar-
ket and the south and west line of the first ward.
The valuation of the taxable property in the city proper for 1X71) was
>2, 4030^3. The city tax tor the same year was SN^.o.^.S^. For a
number of years past the annual tax of the city has averaged three per
cent, on the '!< illar valuat ion.
The following is a li-4 of the
01 I UT.KS 'M Mil en Y
at this time ' i8So > :
Mayor- -Harrison Noble.
['resident of Council I )r. J. I-'. I'.. Fanning.
\ ice-1'resident ot Council 1 )r. |. 1". Rumanian.
( lurk - ( '. !. .\! . Sullivan.
- ,
'1 he treasurer <>! Seiici a <<>unt\ ; the treasurer ol the
< it) S.. licit, .r l'err\ M. \.iamv
Marshal- James | . Ccor^e.
Street Commissioner Si udder ( 'a i:n''c.-rla;;i.
1'irsi ward James l.ovc. |. i'. Kirinaman.
Second ward -|<>hn Mar->i>ny. losiah !'. Baker.
'Third ward --I. !". 1'.. Fanning. Charles >tin^.
I'ourth ward |nhn B. I .hivntricd. Rnnaldo \. (Iray.
I'Hth ward -1'i'lcr (ir.unnu'^, Bi-njainin Shiniu-r^.
HAKKlM l\ \. >|;| f .
The subject of this sketch wa-> h^rn in S.ik ('reck toA-n^hip. \Vayru"
(nunty. ( )h:o. where hi-> lather's tainily lived on alarm, on the .?>! hda\
nt lanuary, iSj(>. \\'hen the famiU moved to Sriuva loun'y he was
about ten year-- old. He attended the l"ir-t >i hoo! at a l'>^ >i hool
hoti^e that his lather and the neighbors put up on the n >rthea->' < orner
oi^ectKin n;. in Kuk-^on township. It wa> a school hou^o ( >\ ;he kind
they had in those days; a dap b-iard roof, pun^eon rlour, pun^'eon scats
and puiiLieon de-ks. Bass wond lo^s were -split and hewed as sjnoDtli
as possible. ln>les bored intn the IOL;S in the sides oi the house, sticks
driven tightly into the Imles and the hewed pun^eiui. laid on the stu ks.
made a writing desk. Holes burcd into .motlier piece nl pun_;ci>n and
le^s. about eighteen iiu lies Ion.;. dri\'cn into them, made iien< lies. \n
nider lirother ol llarrison. \\'ashin^t l m Nnble. the oldest s.i;i >; the
324 HISTORY OK SKXKCA COUNTY.
your high schools no\v-a-days, heated by hot-air furnaces, and supplied
with beautiful and convenient patent desks, were not to be thought of
then.
When Harrison grew up to be large enough to work, he helped his
lather clear land, and in a few years seventy acres were cleared on the
homestead farm. The boys had their sports also in those days. It was
not always hard work and no play.
lie \vas a very good coon hunter, and kept a couple of blooded coon
dogs with which he would scour the country around tor coon: the
Crosslev boys, the young liostons. and I lollopeters. often joining him.
One night Harrison got out his Indian pony, took his dogs with him
and went to Mud creek, where he caught seven coons. Hoys olten got
their ' spending money " in that way.
The wolves were still vcrv troublesome then, and people that kept
sheep or pigs had to stable them for protection.
The squirrels, chip-monks and crows were so numerous and trouble
some that the people were compelled to make war upon them. Harri-
son olten collected a lot of boys with guns and ammunition tor a squirrel
hunt. They appointed two captains, who picked their men one at a
time. " turn about;" then they started in all directions. They were to
meet at a certain place, and the party that had the least number ot
squirrel-tails, lost the price, which was two bushels of corn which the
losing party had to furnish. The plumes of the left wings of crows.
hawks or bn//ards were also counted for so rnanv squirrel-tails.
The boys also or^ani/ed debating societies and spelling schools.
wh;< h were held often a' private houses, and which were a source ot
pleasure and mutual impnnement.
The winters of 1X4. (--5 young Noble spent at the college in ( (berlin.
and in 1X40 he attended the Seneca count}' academy in Republic. In
the winter of 1X40-7 he taught a school in Tiffin, occupying one ot tin-
upper rooms in the two story brick school house, still standing, on the
north side ot Market street, near the corner of Monroe and Market.
Mrs. (iibbs. a Mr. ('ollins, and the writer were all the other teachers
then employed in Tiffin. ('ollins wa- a tall, slender man. had a wile
was a prca< her. and made terrible war on the Masons and
s. He was going to break down their lodges ami Inild
oi C,od upon their ruins. ![, returned In U'oosler. ivherc
\ li'.ed and did not behave very well after his return. Hi
- but his < >\vn .
liowing vear Noble cniered the office of his brother. U'arrcn
}26 HISTORY OF SKNl'.CA COUNTY.
Soon after their marriage the young couple commenced housekeep-
ing in their pleasant home on the corner of Jefferson and Market,
where they still reside.
I'l.ANK ROADS.
In this year ( 1X49^. on the 22<1 day of March, the general assembly
of Ohio also passed an act incorporating the Lower Sandusky, Tiffin
and Fort Hall plank road company. Ralph 1'. I'.uckland, John R.
Teas. John I,. Green, James Justice, and John Bell, of Sandusky county:
I.oren/o Abbott, Calvin Clark, I!enjamin Tomb, Cyrus Tool. Vincent
Bell, John W. Patterson. Warren 1'. Noble, and Rex in W. Shawhan, of
Seneca county. Chester R. Mott, Joseph McCutchen, Robert McKelley,
and Andrew McKlvain, of \Yyandot county, and all others associated
with them, by subscribing stock, were made a body corporate and
politic.
Another company, called the Tiffin and ( 'sceola plank road company,
was also chartered, and both roads put in operation A branch road
from Fostoria to intersect the former, north of the mouth of U'olf
creek, was also laid. Toll-gates were erected and tolls collected.
These answered the purpose tor awhile, and were t very popular until
they began to give way by the rotting of the plank. The tolls collected
proved insufficient to keep up the necessary repairs and other expenses.
Subscribers were assessed to pay a second time, a work that always has
a tendency to injure the popularity ot any joint stock company. Mean-
while the roads became worthless and were abandoned: toll-gates broke
down, and the supervisors of common highways removed the plank bv
putting them on piles and burning them up. The stockholders lost
every dollar they invested; never reali/ed anything, and thus ended
another wild, impracticable, foolish experiment.
For many years past, some ot our citi/ens agitated the propriety of
building pikes in Seneca county. The great inexhaustible quantity of
stone in the ( ounty suitable tor that purpose, the bad condition of the
roads every winter and spring, together with the landed wealth and
general enterprise ol our citi/ens. seemed to warrant such a measure as
wise and necessary. During the past winter ( iSj^-.So), meetings were
held in several town-hips, and in Tiffin, in which the subject was dis-
cussed, and finally the county commissioners were prevailed upon to
pnbli-h a notice in the Tiftin paper-, calling upon the voters at the
n Dii '!.> I",;-- 1 Monday in April. iS.'-'c. to vole on the subject, yes
I ' : i:: ! ' : :' \ ot the votes cast had been in favor of pikes, tlie
cominis- have commenced the work under the law. The
sub ; ect i- still very !re-h in the mind- ot all. and no attempt will be
THK IT.I.rr.R VPH. ; *7
^lado
measure should he deleated, and so largo a portion oj our pooplo '.oted
against pikes. Mittice it to sa\. that when the \uto- were < >u:ited. it
was toiind that only 1.57* voted tor pike-,, while ;,i>" votes were < a-:
against the proposition. I; is to he regretted, that an improvement so
highly needed in our lounty. should find so tew :r;ends. 1 ;ftm alone
gave a majority in favor, some 500. All other ele t;on precincts in
the i ounty gave large majorities against the measure. In 11;^' >pr::iL'.
a township that needs -ood roads as li.uiiy a- an\ other locality in the
county. ;n a \ote ot s-i. there \sa- only one \ oto in tas.it- ,,! pikes.
1 he tar or the near luture nrisi solve th:- M".e-tion. I he present
generation preters to -,ti< k in the mud..
A'iiout 1X41;. the first line of telegraph was i onstru> ted through T
lin. along the Mad Ri\'or and I ake I'.rie now ('. S. \ ('., R.uiroad. A
joke in i onneotion with this enterprise i> almost too good to he lost.
Mr. < 'Inustopher Snyder, the men hant. was a good d.eal oi a wag. and
whenever he had a chance to get a "rig" on anvone, would spare
neither triend n >r l< ie.
Mr. Italthasar Kie- was a (ierman harlier. aii'l l:\od on l.a-t Market
street. |-or main \ears lie u.is ;n the lialct oi i alhng upon h..s t us
toiuers at their ho'isos. stores or shops, to shave them or < ut their
hair. lie had a frame u;th two hooks ;o lian_' o\ or t!ie li.uk oi a
chair. w;'.h a porpomlii ular piece that slid up and. down and having a
a hrush. a tew ra/ors and a pair o! s, is^ors. 1 'nu-, lit'ed out, ho startc-d.
on his Sea? a t r . i \ < ! i n g 1 1 ; 1 1 1 > e r s 1 ; o p .
Mr. R : e s was a -mail man. \ e r \ a < t n e and. n e r \ o u s . \\ : ; ' ; , a k ha::
arni lilai'k eyes, paie t.u e. po'nto and oloanlv ;:: 1 haS.ts. Irit \c:v
< reduious. Anything Mr. Siudor >a;d \\a-a- g 1 a> go
( me : me. uhiie h.e had sm -!cr d|, ,wn in a . hair in !::- -:<-. u th hitlier
ai! .ver hi- fi. e. Rei, w.iu'ed -s-nder to tel! ii.m wh.it ":-.
328 HISTORY OF SKNF.CA COUNTY.
remark made bail worse with Mr. Ries, and lie was bound to have^a
full desrription of the tiling. Linally Snyder told him that travel by
^teamer around (.'ape I lorn was very expensive and dangerous, and to
.'.void both, this plan had been adopted: that when the work was com
pleted clear to San l-'rancisco an iron saddle would be placed across
.lie wires to hold the traveler and his baggage, and when all was ready
'he thinu would be touched oil behind him. and that would send him
'cross the country to San I-'rancisco, where he would be received on a
>ile of straw, and trom whence he could go to the mines when lie was
.x-ady.
All this seemed very reasonable to Ries. but he said we lived in a
most wonderful age, when improvements were made in all department*
>>f life: and finishing dressing Snyder's hair, he went away. lie was
gone about an hour, when he returned very much excited, and setting
his tin cup on the counter with such violence that the water llew in
all directions, and shaking his list at Snyder. threatened that he would
never again believe anything he said: that people down street had
laughed at him when he told them oi the new way of ^oing to Califor-
nia, etc. Snyder said that Joe Ranker had told him the same story, and
he did not know any better himself, etc.: but Ries went awav in a verv
nervous, an^'rv mood.
Amonu r the early pioneers in Fort Hail was also Andrew Love, who
lived on the bluff on the McOitchenville road, where the fixer conies
up eh >se to the road.
Another pioneer, on the Tittm side, was Alexander Mason. He buih
and opened the "LaL:le llotei." on the corner ol \\a-hington ami
1'errv streets. It wa> a t\\o story brick budding, and received a third
-lory when Mr. R. \V. Shanlian became the owner, who lilted up and
enlarged the hotel, when it was christened the Shawhan House." I. \\ .
Patterson, proprietor. Mason kept there in 1X^4 anil 1^5: Patterson
opened tin: Shauhan House in iS;o. The hotel has retained its name
ever since, under several proprietors, among whom 1'. 1'. Myers, who
really built Mp the reputation of the house and kept it the longest, was
.he nio^t popular.
i n i nn IN SCHOOLS.
There were but few children among the early settlers in Titlm, and
ve! to secure a site and build a school house was one of the first public
i ares ami enlisted the support of everybody. Application was made
to Mr. Hedges for a lot to build a school house upon, and on the first
dav of Lebruarv. iSjS. Mr. Hedges executed a deed to (/eorge I)on
aKUon. Ja< ob 1'lane. and \\.> hard Snrath. x h
ilisirirt mnnluT tour, ("iint"ii :>\vjid
jj . It i> ^ituatc on t!u- m-iM: : M.I'M-
northwcM i onuT ot Mark; ; ;:.d %! I '!.
and < oiniiu-m <> MI tin--;- \\ . .j >:- \\ ' i-n- i .. !.
iia-> laid out and r-ta!i!i-!ird .1 ; .\\ :. 1,\ MM : :::
-itna-r u|>on trai'iona! - < ' >',} \< t I. . K i
Alter the M h'.; !- m-r v, i-
-cn I'K'ctrd ,1 Mit.i (.- wa- ;';:..
I!K- !''','; >\\'. n_ i i ir in :
\ 1 I \(
A u'-nl N-.'i! in \vh- i- \\ <!!
>; '-aM \ !iai 'it ->. i - \\ ant >! ' t'-.c !
ji it api'ii'-al i'tn ->!i"iii'l i"- in.i'i'- 1 '.:< \ ';
!! ! \;i'-anl. HI N I.' V < 1,'< '\ 1-1.
Ml 1. l'( )N .1 1 \ \ 1 \
33 HISTORY OF SEXECA COUNTY.
take much pains to instruct me in English grammar and pronouncing
words correctly in reading the history of the United States, he took the
other half of my time to receive instructions in mathematics and in the
geography of Kurope. Thus my thirty days passed away and I became
a graduate of Mr. Crockett's first school in Tiffin. This constituted
the sum total of my schooling in America, and it was not long after,
that the school examiners of Tiffin, Joshua Seney, Oliver Cowdry
and Frederick Singer, gave me a certificate of qualification to teach
school, when 1 became one of the first teachers in the two-story brick,
still standing on the same lot, now occupied for a shop.
The little old. one-story school house was torn away in about 1844
and the two-story brick put up a little further from the street, with four
rooms.
Here all the schools in Tiffin were accommodated until the young
city organized under the union school system and preparations were
made to build the beautiful school house on South Monroe street, now
known as the high school building.
Simultaneously with the organization of the city of Tiffin, the ques-
tion of inaugurating the union school system under the law. agitated the
minds of some of our people also. Opinions as to its propriety dif-
fered very widely. The proud position that Ohio occupies in her
educational department, when she taxes her wealth to educate her
youth in other words when she makes the owners of property pay
taxes to educate the children of those who do not pay taxes for want
of property was not appreciated by all our citi/ens. The friends of
the measure were the taxpayers, the wealthy men of the city, one of the
most active of whom was Mr. R. \V. Shawan, who had no child to edu-
cate and paid the largest amount of taxes of any man in the county.
To his honor be it said the success of the measure depended largely
on the part he took in its favor. Remarkable as it may seem, the
enemies of the proposition were the poorer classes, who generally have
the most children to educate. Nineteen of these, who worked hard,
electioneering for votes against the measure all day, were the heads of
families averaging five children to each, and whose taxes on the dupli-
cate added together tor all purposes did not reach the sum ot thirty
dollars.
The vote wa> taken in September, 1850. and a handsome majority
>ecured in it-, favor. In October following, at the election lor mem-
ber-, of the x hool board, the following were elected, vi/.:
William I.ang, William I). Searles, (ieorge Knupp. A. C. Baldwin, W.
H. Keilholts. W. 11. Oil), on.
; i
At ttu- nrVi meeting; oi tin- iio.ird, held -in th,- iir-,1 <l.i\ ot N. .
i.S^o. U iHi.un l.an.; \\a> elei tr.l pii->:dent. \\ il. (i:ltni. N
ami A. C . Hahlwin trea^uii-r. 1 i;<- Iio.ird 'hen al-o ippo;nted
|. 11. I'uten-er. l\. (',. I'ennm_;r..n and l\ k. I'.'-m.-n: .1- .1
exam;ner->. I hu-- the new -\-:em u.ts -.<.-' i\ i . .;. A;>.<\ '.\\>>\i
fhihlriMi h.i\f onjoynl tin- in-ncii; ni t!u--r nij:<i;i >< 1. !> ii':r:i
tli;rtv yc.ir^ la^t |..i->t.
1'hr following i> a !i>t "I tl-.r fir>t CUIJIN ..i ;cai l:n- cinj.'.i >\ i-
board, v;/.:
i' month; Mr>. Sar,ih
room, ^20 per month : M; I iii'aln.-'.h ( i 0;,;^- an>l M>-('. ' 'oitin. r.u !:
>i; prr month: \\'ill:am I 1 it/m-ralii-.. S.vj jn-r m.>n:h. >am':c! NoLin.
?2J prr inontli: M;^> Maria Aiulrrw, >i^ pi-r mon'.h. Thoma> I.
( ' r> ini-M-. > ^4 piT m< mth.
I In- ^mall amount ot" tin- >< hoi.j t'uinl \\a> i-i|".all\ iliv:-li'il amor,^ tin-
tlinx- tc-rm^, ami tor \\ant oi >uttn ;mt nu-a;i> to p.i\ -lu- tcai lin->. .1 t.i\
<i! iVoin one ( rut to on,- ami one halt < rnS a iiay ai > ofiini^ to ( i.i-.>
\va~- a^->cc(l on ea< h -( liolar ;n artcmlam r tor that term. I h.- nio.le
Re\ . K. l\. Cement U .1 ^ eli 1 p!o\ ei 1 I -i ; p r r ; n t e : .. 1 * lie M
thi- winter only, 'or \vh:i 1; the lioar>l pa:ci !:.m S i .'. > -. tin-
1X51. ( )n the -ame <la\- th.e !>oani oifered Mr. : kuk'.e
Jni>. >4"c .->alarv .t-- ^npei'.ntemien: o; ;'ne ';n;op, -.,(,,,,
pr:\;li-^e ot'allouin- him time aUo to le.u h a < !,i-- in II.
le^e. lT;e olV'T \\ a - aiiepted. and Mr. l\;tk!e\ ua-:!.e
tenden'. oi" the 'I ;ttm union >< hooU.
In iS;j th.e l>oaid pun ha-ed in lot- mimlter- -.;.) an'i
.then -i'( oml ward. \\ here i he\ ere, led the tn -: un:on - !:
the i it\ . the -ame \ < at . at an exprn-ji; :\\i !':d.r.^ S.j p i:d :
^('i.cc '1 hi-- ;> the M liool hoii-e immeii'.ateiv u e-; . !.-., M
hi |.S; | the l,o. ud l,o';jh' ..; \h I led. '
the j .1 e-etit h i ^ 1 1 M 1 1 o. .1 t>';;!d:iu m n\ , ; u;- i .. ami > >:\ ' ':.- : ^
1X55. : ln-\ n>< '!\ ed '.hat \\ hen ;
j; -hoiild 1 " | ".'. i'A .i \ ! roii i ': e -.trf-: i . ; le>
()ti 'he i i : h. it' \ pi il. !--->>. a mee::;:^ .: :
33- HISTORY OF SF.NKCA COUNTY.
On the 22(1 day of November. 1855, at a public meeting, the board
was authori/ed to borrow a sum of money not to exceed the sum of
S6.000. to be used in tlie building of the new school house, and interest
not to exceed ten per cent.
( )n the loth of lime. 1X^6. the board, passed a resolution to lay the
corner-stone oi the new school house with appropriate ceremonies, and
to invite the Rev. I.. Andrew to <leli\er the address.
( Mi the 20th of lanuary. 1X57, another public meeting, held at the
mayor's office, resolved to instruct the school board to proceed and
finish the new school building, and to levy additional taxes on all the
taxable property in Tiffin, for that purpose, as follows :
For the year 1X^7. one and one-half mills additional: lor the year
1858,0110 and one-half mills additional: for the year 1X51,. one and
one-half mills additional: for the year 1X60. three and seven-tenths
mills on the dollar: for the year iX'n. three and seven-tenths mills on
the dollar: for the year 1X62. three and six-tenths mills on the dollar:
tor the year 1X63. three and seven-tenths mills on the dollar, and to
borrow another sum of money for that purpose, not exceeding SX.ooo;
t< issue bonds, etc.
In iXqcj the third story was finished inside, and the first high school
< u-gani/ed that fall.
The building, with the site, cost at least S45.ooo.
Mv a special vote of the citi/ens. lanuary 30. 1X71. the board was
authori/.ed to build t\vo additional school houses; one in the first ward
I cbruary. 1X71. the board contracted lor both of these structures, and
had them put up at an expense of 57.500 each, sites included.
In iXyS the board built th.e large school hou-e in the i no\\ tliird
,\ard. in Fi-dibaugh's addition, at a cost, including site, of S^.Xoc mak
ing a total of about S 72.000 invested in school houses and lots
There are at this time about 2.700 youths in Tiilin entiiled to public
: n- tract ion. 'I he school iund tor the \'ear 1X7(1 was S i <). * i 5 . ^ |.
Tin- board emplovs one superintendent and twenty nine teachers. o|
.'/horn the following is a list, including their resjiective salaries :
.1, \\ . Kn.itl . siip'l ............ sl.L'iHi 1 1 alii'- 1. ' -a \ ill ...............
i '.. I'. M;> * rs. |. ri in' i p;il Jd dis. . -in ( Vh-sta SUUIIT ...............
>n-~ie If. I'latt. prin. hiu r li srl ..... I TIKI A i nr] in Saner .................
L : --i'l!" I I'T'h'm'. prin. ( l.-r. 'inn \'ciiic Met/ ...................
Mrs. M;ir> Xartinaii ........... IT") Li-imra Mitdicl] ..............
Mat; i'- MI- Lain ................ \~: t .Jessie I'm in nan ...............
,iiui;i-l Mi-K jtrii'l< ............. !",u I-lnnna Mcrkcllia
t't-lia William^.. luu Laura I-'n-\ man .
THK SCHOOL- t>y 1 If KIN.
Minnif Hull M'' \lar> Ilartinaii
Kate Miuhro :;7"> Wan en I!. HriukTli
i'rankif \'aii 1'i-lt ::7"i KmiiaiiUN IJ. 15.. ur
('>ra l't-\v ;;T") Mai ilia i . u \ nn
\'ictiria Sawyer :;7". li.-llf 1;\ m-
ll">a .M\tT> :'.T". l'l..ra llainr-
\\ '.;- i..,rn 1 r, ciuhcr .-S.
-i.'/.-. ulu-re li:> lalhcr u
.' 1 I .n>i laic a< .1- U-:n\ , M
334 ins TORY OF SKXKCA COUNTY.
came to Tiffin and entered into partnership \vitli l)r. H. K. Hershiser,.
in the well known corner drug store on Market and Washington. At
the close ot the first year he bought his partner's interest, and has re-
mained in successful business there ever since. Kversince his location
here Dr. Hubbard has taken a very lively interest in every measure
calculated to promote the growth and welfare of Tiffin, his adopted
city, especially in her educational interests. He has been twice elected
a member of the school board: first in 1877. and again in 1880, and
has been president of the board since 1878. He was married to Miss
Helen M., daughter of Judge Sawyer, of Nashua, New Hampshire, on
the 27th day of August, 1873, an< ^ Clara S. and Sheldon I>. Hubbard
help to make the household lively.
C. O. KNKI'I'KR
was born in Somerset county. Pennsylvania, on the 2oth of October,
1836, the oldest son of Jonathan and Margaret Knepper. He gradu-
ated from Heidelberg college in the class of 1862, and from the semi-
nary in Mercersburg. Pennsylvania, in 1864. He was superintendent
of the schools of Waterloo, Iowa, and of Waverly, in the same state.
On the 24th day of lime, 1868, he was married to S. (irace Dunnell,
daughter of David Dunnell, of Massachusetts, the bride then living in
Waterloo. This union was blessed with three children, one son and
two daughters. In 1871 he was elected professor of the Alumni of
Heidelberg and took charge of his position in 1872. In the spring of
1879 he was elected a member of the school board of Tiffin.
HKNKV llkOIII.
was born in the citv of I'.otin. on the Rhine, on the loth dav of Novem-
ber. 1831. He attended the academy and university at !>onn. and
before lie had time to graduate he left his native city and country: he
came to America and settled in Sandusky ('ity in the spring ot i,S;i.
Mr. I'.rohl had also applied himself to the mercantile business while he
lived in his native city, and when he removed trom Sandusky ("ity to
Tittin in i8;s he entered into copartnership with 1,. T. Abbott in the
business of wholesale grocers. He continued in this linn until in 1857
he entered into partnership with Robert ('rum in Tiffin in the sale of
groceries and liquors. The business wa- conducted by this limi until
y -u; . when M r. 1 In
.-.: ul ly ever sim
( 'at harine Kraut/.
--' -n children, who ire all living. He wa- elected to the
bo ml in 1877.
The rc.uK-r w!i.> iK-Mrr> to -cr short li;;r:i|ihi .il >krt h
other pri-M-nt l:\iiu iiu-ml ><:!> oi !lu- vili....! l..iri! : 'litlin.w.'l
tlu-ui in ( h.ij'UT -\^. under tlu- lu-aN <>t \\.iin-n \\ \"!>ic. J.if<'i> l-ur.n.
ain! \\ illi.un I ,.in^.
CHAPTER XXI.
THE BANKS OF TIFFI N - I NSURANCE COM PANI ES -SECRET AND BENEV-
OLENT SOCIETIES.
IN the spring of 1847 the question of establishing a bank in Tiffin was
agitated by sonic of the monied men in the place, and it became appar-
ent very soon that rival interests were growing into conflicting propor-
tions. One wing followed the leadership of R. W. Shawhan, and the
other, that of Rufus U . Reid, the leading rival merchants of Tiffin at
that time. To the outside world it seemed at times that one party
would succeed, and then the other, but finally Mr. Reid, who never
was very scrupulous in any thing, succeeded in securing a charter.
( )n the i2th day of July, 1847, Benjamin Tomb, William II. (libson.
Samuel Waggoner, R. (I. I'ennington, Alfred Johnson, R. W. Reid.
Daniel Smith, William Meet, William M. Buel. and Daniel Brown, made
the proper application for the organi/ation of an independent bank.
Tending the granting ot the application, they became convinced that
the amount already subscribed was insufficient/' (says Stewart, but the\
really became alarmed at the rival element showing greater force.) so
the\\ in conjunction with others, enlarged the capital stock to one
hundred thousand dollars. ( )n the 2(1 ot August, of the same year, the\
filed their amended application, which was speedily acted upon by the
board of commissioners, and a charter tor an independent bank, to be
located in Tittm, with a capital >tock of Sioo.ooo. was granted them on
the (jth ot the same month.
Perhaps it would have been better tor all parties concerned, as well
as the community at large, it the other faction had succeeded. Who
an tell ?
The bank was organi/ed by the election ot Benjamin Tomb presi-
dent, and Waggoner. Buel. Reid and I'ennington. directors. Mr. Tomb
resigned his position as president in 1X4-^. and Abel Rawson was ap-
pointed in hi> place. Mr. I'ennington was appointed cashier /TI> din..
and atterwards William K. Chittenden. the regular cashier. Thev coin-
meneeii l>i:>ine^- <>n the i;'h '.
the " Seiiec .i ( '< itini >' Hank.'
'.he v:;u_: ir.it; <arr;eii ;...) urn
ashore. After tin- !>.n:k ha. ; . -;-]( IM:-
\va-> l>el<>re that !;me a j">|,';'.ai \. ';!
charter ot the e< ilIaj>M->l institution. k
short -e.isMii. .i:ni s'.artecl atresh. in
thci i ( !;r.ni< \v!t In i':: 'T-; i >i n;c: > \ . .ii
on CD- I-,. i\ it in tin- ( i nirl <>: itiiniiinn
uiiil"!^. ( >hin. A. 1' Sti'iu- \v.i- ttr.i^
who \v-.i-, hi- ..i nil -il.ir trirnil, ni.nl
( Ofilcil. li'it a! lh.it time. a> th.r .uriu -il ,1 e
ivxi'ru'.ii in . intlie iuiiunic:!! anil < aim: :> 1 iltir.
the e\ei :it;.in in the hand> nf -heriff \\ eirii k. .ii
[lie bank a- pii. k a> ].D-,i!.!e. \Ii. |.ihn->L
li.i'l a h;_^rr ] .\<\ th.an he e. mi<l i arr\ . aii'l a^ t r
ai'MMnd h;tn \-er\ rapiillv. ; -n ;.<; rat <> '. :lie -anie
are ^u;!t\ nj. !i\ re-iirt;i:^ ;-> -: r> >n_ > ir.r.k !"< Vj'r^)
J \veakne^-> ' !;- a* a time when .1 mar -!'.":!.
hi> nianh ..... i :iff..i r,,
\\ eir:. k. (tie I.T "'. .111.
'II: e\a';!; \s,i- iijien mil a '
e\ ef\ t Mill- -eelnei 1 (ielil. >r.l!
I i ' '; i n - 1 1 1 1 . u ! 1 1 . -.1:1! \ '. '. : r
I Me\ _.u.i- :; uji. aii'i
Ill '!< ! ! e\( i ! ei i , u i k e
I o ' ' <, \\ . i ; _, ! ; i , . i ' i ! : . ,
' ' *>! !;>' .1 '' Hit '. l>:tii
\ M I
; S 8 HISTORY OF SKNl'X'A COl'XTY.
bonds deposited with the treasurer of state for the security of the hold-
ers of its notes in the sum of S^o^.^S: that all said bonds had been
abstracted or paid out in violation of law, and that the holders of 85 7,000 of
outstanding circulation were deprived ot their pro rata share ot said bank.
Me claimed that the state held securities for this circulation, in the
Mini of 850,000. and asked that the same be used tor the redemption of
the bills.
Nothing was done upon this report. War broke out and the Seneca
county bank was lost sight of. The bills were hawked about the coun-
try, and sold for whatever they would letch. In the session of the gen-
eral assembly of 1804. the writer introduced a bill directing the treas-
urer of state to redeem the certificates so issued by the receiver, and
the outstanding bills of said bank, which passed both houses and became
a law on the ^ist of March. 1864. The state lost nothing by the act.
( >n the contrary, there were less bills and certificates outstanding than
the securities in the hands of the treasurer of state, leaving a respectable
balance in favor of the state. This balance was made up undoubtedly
by bills that were lost or destroyed, and having never been presented,
the state had the benefit of the loss.
In 1852. Arnold and Tomb ( Sylvanus Arnold and Benjamin Tomb),
established a private banking house, which lasted two years, when it
changed into the name of Tomb. Huss i\: Co. The business
was conducted in this name until 1865. when the company organi/ed as
the "First National Bank of Tiffin. 1 ' with Benjamin Tomb for president,
and John T. Huss cashier. For eleven years this bank did an im-
mense business, but during the last year some people, who had a chance
to know, questioned its soundness, and lookedupon the institution with
misgivings. Mr. Huss. the cashier, was a native ot Tiftm. and a young
man of e\< ellent business qualifications, lie was highly esteemed, and
enjoved the general confidence tor honor and integrity. Nobody was
willing to believe him guilty ot am wrong. The state election of 187:5
was over, and both parties quieted down to business.
1 ; was the afternoon ot the 1 51)1 of ( )ctober. i -^75. >everal depositors
from tin- citv withdrew their deposit-. The money in the bank had run
down to a few thou-and dollar-. The clerk- in the bank tell gloomy.
Some of the directors consulted t< igelher as to the proprict \ ot borrow-
ing some money for a few days. IIuss was :it his house, where he had
been for several days, teeling unwell, as lie said. A gentleman iron;
Cincinnati came that afternoon ami stopped at the Shawh an house, with
a view of -eeing Mr. llu-s the. next morning about a large draft that
was not ju-t a- it should have been. It was hall past tour o'clock in
the ;it
[\ii\\\ -ho' \\.i^ In.:. ml in the d:p-< "
!' i-.-d t!ir.. u:i In- h'-.ir IP.MI .1 : .&M \1 i I
H< ua-.'.rad.
I'. \v:ll ix-nrn; nH>od\ I" 'ir-< nSr ihi' i I'M:: ,:. ",! :h;!U^ thv w.i-
oooii m.idr manliest. and '.' 1; nl !u-:iiT :,' !c- rci -iftli-.! !HTC Mittn r
it I" ->.i\ . iii it U'.invn I'. N. :'.(-. ! .> | . u .1- .i\<\- nntr-.l :<.<-.> >-r .i:il I..IH!
:hr i i'(.-(l:t< ! >i\t\ |>cr rn'. mi thr.: < l.i.ni-.
Mil \\lli>\\l I \ i i \ N . ! .' \ N K n\ I : M I \
\\.i- (ir^a!i;/i i ;n iS'.;. I!;;. !'!!. .\\ ;,_ is.uin-il ^<-!it',c!:i' ;i \vt-rc the in
ri ir|M ir.it' T>. \ i/ : \<>}\\\ 1 ' I , <i\\:-. !\ \\ >'ii.r.v!i.i:i. A < 1 Sri'-.i:h, I \1 .
Navior. S. I',. Snc.ith. \V. \\ . N.iyl.ir. I! A. I'-u^kirk. >. M. < >oirn. A;.--
K.iw-in. A. I:. Hiivi-y. I. II. ( ;.,...!. |A-\ i I .u i-. J.,hu Swi-.irt. J II
I'.tirnjrr. l<ti:,rrt Mn:t!i. \.. \. Stii-kiu-\. .nul I. A. \1< l-.irl.nid liu-
i a]>it.ii >t< M k u .1^ ;iic-n S i .'5,000. whu h h.i- IUTII ^rr.it!\ .ri^iiin.-c.l x;n, t -
!!)(.- lank iMiitiy^ the jnu-rai nnliiifi)< r '>! tin- i iin:nuir;\ . avid ;!u-
ink sc\rrr !Mi>ti irtunr lha; ln-lri t!u ;n>uui!!"i] u as thf rnlduTV <>', ttic
liank by it- lonp,-r i .i^hirr. ( . < . /rllrr. win) U-;"t tin- !>.ink I'M;- ( '.m.ida
<>1H' niijht :n 'lie ^|'r;nc M! iS-s. ,i!ii! MII the next inirn:n^ t:;r li.ink '.\a-
^hi >rt -i >nu- >5 : .:';.
The h'i-:i'.r--- (! the I'.tnk \:\'<n crdcd r:^hi on a> i! li'iih.in^: l;.iii li.iji
I ri-iH'd. ami while the coniinnnit \ were >lio ( krd o\ cr the ,u : . tin- < i<nii
drni r tlie } 'i -i ij >'.< had ] 'l.ii rd : n t !.- in -I it':'. . MH \\ a - i:< ; >)i.ikrii in tin-
I \\
^40 HISTORY OK SKXF.CA COL'NTV.
IMF. I'.ANk OF TIFFIN
U'as organi/ed in the fall of 1858. by Kvan Dorsey and A. (',. Sneath.
In the fall of 1851). 1\. \\'. Shawhan bought the interest of Mr. Dorse}-,
.uul the bank was continued by the same name until it merged into the
organi/ation of the National Exchange bank in 1865. The Hank of
Tiffm \vas kept during its whole existence in the room now occupied by
|ohn Neligh as a clothing store. Mr. Shawhan was then, as now. the
owner ol the building.
Mr. A. (i. Sneath was cashier of the old Hank of Tiffin during the
whole time of its existence, and of the National K.xchange bank for
about three years from the time of its organization.
INSTRANCF. COMI'ANIKS.
The Seneca County Mutual Fire Insurance company was organi/ed
under a charter by the legislature of Ohio, passed March iqth, 1850.
"I'he first meeting of the incorporators was held in the sheriff's office
in Titiin. in pursuance ot notices published in the .SY//<r</ .-li/rf/'//s<'r and
the St-iit'iii //'///;, when the Hon. A. I aigenbeel was appointed chairman
and Hon I. \\ . Wilson secretarv.
< )n motion of I'.den Lease, the by-laws of the Stark County Mutual
Insurance company were adopted lor the by-laws ot this company.
William Lang was elected president for the ensuing year. J. W. Wil-
son secretary, and Oeorge Knupp treasurer. 'I'he secretary was
authori/ed to act as general agent of the company: and thus the coin
pain started on its career with a good board ol directors and officers,
and with one of the most favorable charters for a mutual lire insurance
( onipanv ever passed by an Ohio legislature.
( )n the 2<;th day ot October. 1850. the tirst policy was issued and
the last one on the ^ist day of July. i8(>o, being number loOJ.
Immediately iijion the organi/ation ol the company Mr. U'ilson took
charge ot "all its business and appointed verv many agents in various
counties in northern Ohio, the larger number ol whom had no experi-
ence in insurance matters, and whatever they lacked in knowledge they
m.ule up in impudence and avarice.
Tliev recommended all manner of risks, and would have insured
puwdi '' mills it tliev had toiind anv. In addiiioii to all this, main' ol
the app'ii ;mts were worthless and irresponsible, and \\hen assessments
v, < !". made upon them, thev < ouli! not be < ollected. The premium note
w.is a lien upon the real estate of the insured, but ver\ otten prior en
< umbrances swallowed up the whole value. The agents themselves
I H 1 I : \ \ k > "| 1 ! I i I \ .
Ami when A--e--ineiit- were . o!!e. te.i
/'of WAIlt ot Hie in- t.i ji.iy the ' -. t
their own . re.lit. A- imlu I'lu.t! t iti/en
purpose, With A hope .1! lie;n_ :e eMll)
The As-esculent- were in.i.le '. er\ i:.
were iiisiiltu ;enl to pa\ ;. >--e- ami r\p!
Amount- oi tile io--e- uere p.t:>i \<\
Liter oli, Asse--ment- were m.iile '. .ir
members . oni|uA;ne.l Aiul 111.11; \' -iiirre
In f his ci mi i.! : in ot things the <lire<
]'An\ wlu-n. in the t'al! oi iS;fi. \I: \\
Appoint e. i -e. ret .ir\ in h, i- -teA. i.
r.i ' \ it A!;! \ em i_h in the ..':. e;::
with A!! it- <)!<: T r> Millie- . in ';IA:I. i. A;;.
,\A- i omp.-!hii :.. wimi up. Mr. J..1
attorney o j the t . . i n p A n \ i o i i i i e . t : ! 1 1
tie-. M.inv i n em i i ei'- ii.iii to lie -Met!,
to ] .A V Ail. i M" ne.ir! \' All. the ; in lc-1 >teili
I 111 I \ k \l ) K->' Ml I I \ ! I; I I ! 1 I !
I- notA'littin institution, hut it I
'.! ;u i^;^ AIM! iv ir im/ni ,nu
; n - '. i r e 1 1 ; . i ; n i | . r o j 1 1 r ! \ to 1 1 1 < A : i
.tin! i> ..Mi ,,r ,!,-!,:. with nin.U ..i
'!';: ire-cnt .!!u efs .ire
\H ,,; ui,oni in i!>
K,|. II. >u.in.|... . Clint. 'ii
1). .1. N.-ikirk. \'.-nii .-.
.lame- I.ntt. l.ili.Tf, .
Ma.lis..n l-'iiieli. I'.! ..... M.
.l.ihn Neikirk. A-IAIII-.
It- oi/erAti. 'i, - Are < <
54- HISTORY OF SKNIX'A COUNTY.
Til I IN Mril'AI. All) 1. 1 IT. INSfKANtT. CO11J\\NY
\\'as organi/ed on the .i^d of January. i<S;S.
President \V. 1'. Noble.
Vice-President .John lloiick.
Treasurer F.d. .Jones.
Secretary and (iciieral .Manager A. L. Flack.
Counselor Andrew . I. Brickner.
Medical Mxaniiner Dr. K. .1. .McColluin.
The association has issued over one thousand policies, is in a flourish
in; condition and is very carefully conducted.
1NI>KI'KNI)KNT OKl'KR OK ODD K K I .LOWS.
Seneca lodge No. 35 was instituted under its charter February Joth,
184^, by District Deputy Grand .Master Joel Searles. of Columbus lodge
No. g. assisted by S. II. Bradley, I', G.. of Morning Star lodge No. 26,
Medina. Ohio. Applicants for the charter present were: H. G. \V.
Cronise. K. R. MiMeens. James Sivils, B. 1 ). ( 'hapnian. '['. H. Sheldon,
J. Oyler. who jiroc-eeded to elect the following officers, vi/:
X. <;. T. II. Sheldon.
V. (i. -B. 1). Chapman.
Secretar\ - II. (i. W. Cronise.
Trt'asurer James Sivils.
Thereupon the officers were installed, and the following named per-
sons were initiated, vi/: }ohn K. McCormack, N. Redd, \\". P. Noble.
Rolla lohnson. Two hundred and eights-nine persons have been
initiated in this lodge.
Its present officers are:
N. <i. II. .1. VVeller.
V. (.. -I', (i. (.reis.
P. Secretary Sharon C. Lambei'son.
Treasurer Samuel Strieker.
Trustees Lev! Weirick. I). C. Tunison. Sliaron C. Lambersoii.
Meets Monday nights.
i )A KI.FA' l.i >| H ,K Nl'Mi:i;K 317.
I>atc of its cliartcr. |une 10. i^S7-
The following were the charter members: !'. Don Benham. lohn T.
Huss. J. W. Miller. I.. M. Loomis, T. II. Bagle\ . T. W. ( Mirand. B.
Pennington, F. (1. P.owe. |ohn Poorman. John V.. M-( 'ormack.
The lir^t otticer^ ol the lodge were:
N. (i. .!. T. Huss.
V. (,. -1. W. Miller.
Secretar\ B. I'enniimloii.
Treasui'e]- T. 1 1 . 1 5agle\ .
Thi- present <'t"nVers u e :
N.I,. S. A. Fast.
V. (,. ( 'harlrs Fnist.
>fi !!!. n \ i!. ivmmr_rt"n.
Tn-asin IT S. t 'li.uiiln'i lain.
Present num'oer ill !nc!n'M:>.
seventy e;.Jn.
Mr, MX. I-;. (,. pM.we. P.. I', ;-.;!. n-
dele-ates to tlu- -rand h>d_;e.
< >ne retnarkuble (ire inn-tan' c <
tluit Mr. \'>. iVnmnu'i m ha^ ln-cii ;I- M-itr!.u\ ii.i! :
now iuMr!\ !ucnt\ thrcr \ c.n t.
M cet- < >n >.itunLi\ r\ nun.;.
11' >|: \ II IN' V \ir\t I N I N i Ml I }: I ;
\\ a, instituted liv Mark 'laylor, ('.rand I'a'.nan ii. N\ -nili.-r
The rhartcr nu'inlK'rs were: H. ( 1. \N . ( 'rnm-f. ( ienr^e kiiu[>)
Ucnluim. I.. M. I.<...inis. \V. I 1 . \..lik-. Ki. hard \\ ;ii;an.s. K.-l
M 'ii. |ohn ( i . l!re-lin.
The t'li'M nttii er> ele< ted and in-tailed the --.tine evening \\er
( 'ii id' I 'at i iaivh 1 1 . < .. \V. < 'n>iiisc.
1 1 iu r li 1'ricst I". 1 >"!i r.fiitiain.
^i-iiim- \\ ai'li-n i ,r<>! _'< K nii|-i'.
.1 iininr \\'ai 'li-n .1. ilin < . 1 '.i -.lin.
Si-rilif I.'i'-liai'l Williams.
Trciisiirn- KI ilia .lhn-' 'ii.
'1 he present ' 'tin er- are :
( 1 1 aii'l Iv't'i'. ^i-inlilt-r ( 'liainl'fi lain.
I>istri<-i I)i-|nit\ drainl I'.itnai'li .1. \\ l,"\c.
<hitl 1'at i laifli .1' 'lin l-'.i list.
1 1 luh 1 'i i'-st >. ( 'liainl't-rlain.
M-iii' ii \\ ai 'i'-n >aiiiiirl ->i i irkt-r.
.1 UIM< T \\ ai'li-n I '. 1 1 . i ivis.
S.-ritu- .1. \V. I...M-.
Trcasinrr II. < '. ^iiiinlli-r.
['il'sl Wittrh .l"srpii Si-relirist.
Sfei.li.l \\ .it'll \\ . t'npl'.
Thinl \\ al'-h .1. U'. I. -n.
| ', Hirl !i Wati-li 1 1 . I ii'_'_ r ' nlii'Mii.
( ) v ; || . I . x ; , , i / , 1 1 1 1. 1 , ! i .
i . s, \\ jil jam | ''> niMiu'.
Fir-! i-. ..t. I . I'-, /nil.
>,-, Mini ( . . . 'I . T. \.n< in K : -a'l' i .
Present nninlier ' ' "ii" : . 1 >i; ; ;n r inen.l-er -.
Meets 1 r;da\ n:-hl.
344 HISTORY OK SKXECA COUNTY.
KNKiHTS OF PYTHIAS.
Tiffin lodge No. 80, \\-\\-. organi/ed January i2th, 1874, when the fol-
lowing officers were installed by Mr. fames A. Swoope, (iruml Chan-
cellor, vi/ :
i'ast Chancellor ('..). Yinuling.
( 'hancellor Commander 11. L. Steckel.
Vice Chancellor .James Smith.
Prelate A. M. Campbell.
.Master of Fxchequer -Ph. Kiuicli.
Master of Finance- Harry Lut/..
Kefpcr of IJecoi'd and Seal ('. -I. V inirliny;.
Master of Arms -John Sohn.
Inner (riianl- .). A. Flack.
Outer l.uard -I. \V. Love.
The lodge numbers now sixty active members, and is in a llourishin^
condition.
The present officers are:
l'a>t ( 'hancellor ( ). P. Siixder.
('liaiirt'lltir Commander K. \\". Sie\eiison.
\"ire Chancellor I". Clary.
Prelate A. M. Hart.
Ma>ter of Kxchrqiier ( ). P. Frees.
Master of Finance .James \V. Love.
Master of' A rm> \\'. S. \Vineland.
1 nner ( iiianl Fd. Fry.
( Miter ( iiianl ( )scar Fraley.
Meeting^ Tuesday night.
(Irand lodge Knights of Pythias meets at 1 'avion May 241)1. 251)1 and
:C>th. i.SSo.
K N 1 1 ; H i s or HONOR.
Tiffin lodge No. Sj was chartered l-'ebruary 151!!. 1875.
It^ first officers were:
I Jictator ( 'harles Martin.
Vice I Mctator l-'red. K. Ualderinan.
A>si>tanl Dictator 15. (,. Atkin>.
llepoiic]- ( ,. K. P.n.wii.
Trea>urer P. Sdieih.
< 'haplain
I 1 uide I ). ^' . ( 'liajniian.
iriianlian
Sentinel- ('.('. I'arks.
Present officers for 1880.
Dictator -I. A. Hall.
Yi<v Dictator P. .1. Wilson
I HI >tl IK I IKS Ml I II I 1 S. ; ;;,
A--IM nit !),! u..r l"iv I. Ni.-..|;n.
II '|"'irt T .1 . \\'. ( 'li. nnln-rl.ini.
Tr.M-.invr i . t . I ',u k>.
< 'naplaiii .1 . \V . Mt-ii'lt-iiliall
' - ni'li- IJ. i , . Alk MI-.
1 ' ii. u .1: in I '. ^"In-ill.
"> -Ml iii"i Tlncn.i^ ( r,nii|.>n .
\ ; -a ' i : ' >' :n MI!) T-, ' >Vi-;r \ i v . p i i u
I. W. I'li.iuiliiTl.iin. Cliar'n--, Marun, ! r<- i K il .
U. II. Hall.
Miv;^ .it I)r*iitl llaii iir>t .uvi liuri! M >:nlt\ it.
>nirr iii \1 1 -,>,! ;nar;r>, ainl li.i> r:^h:\ i.i'i! 1
I ' - !ll'^! i ) till lT-> \V (.'I'C
^piril u i! 1 >iriM-ti >v !!%. M . II ral\
1 'roidfiil ( '. -I . M . x ul!i\ an.
Vii-.-l'iv>i. 1ml I'h. I!. Kin-.
lii-i-Mi'ilini; Sfi-ri-lar> .1 . A. < ""in ",|.
< 'iiiTr>p milling x..,-|-i'i i! \ .1 . M . \ rn.ll .
rriM-iinT T. i-'. WaNi.
\I.ir>hai \\ : II iani K iii^.
l'!u- prcM-n! olli' rr- arr :
<|.irilual I>nv, 1-1 i; -\ .M.I |.-al\ .
i'|V-ii|''!ll .1. A.I '.M.IH-n i.
\' i'-t-- 1 'ri-sjili-ni Tiiniii t- I'li' M' >rn>.
:t -.-iii-ili n- < 'ci'i-i u \ I '. I '. K '! \'-r.
' 'niTt-sjiiiinliii- ^ T.-t ir> i '. .1 . M. ^.i! li\ an
/r.-isiiivi- T. K. \VaUli.
\I ir-hal .l.ilni T. Kin-
I'llc s! i!c ii ill\ rll' . >'.} 'A 1- ! ;
inny -< >rirt ;r> UTIT ri-jiri-^i-nici !.
i) i\ r. ii'ini! n-i'> >:\ liuii' If'-. 1 - 1 > .<''..
\I -s .U K;\ : -.i-1" h i" ::-
I i I M N I i il n .
\\'a^ or-ani/cil .\iir:l ;th, 1^5. >.
vi/. : 1 ; . 1 i m lu-nhani. \\';!l:ain * la'.
HISTORY OK SF.XKCA COUNTY.
E. 15. Searles. Robert (.'rum, II. C. Spindler. \V. P. Noble, I. A. Hall.
K. VV. Reeme. I.eander Stern, and continued to exist as Tiffin lodge
until October i(>th, [So(>, when the two lodges were consolidated under
the name of Tiffin lodge No. 77.
The following brethren served as officers in Sandusky lodge No. 77
from the date of its charter until the present writing i April jo, iSSo,
as follows:
W. M.:
K. W. Kei'J. from 1*4:.' to l*4n inclusive.
Robert ('rum. from l*">n to l*-">^ inclusive.
.!. F. McCormack. from !*.">* to isiil inclusive.
Henry Kuliii. from l*f,:Mo l*f>:', inclusive.
C. C. Park, from lsf.4to ls<>s inclusive.
A. II. livers, from fsti'.t to 1*71 inclusive.
(.. K. lirowu. from l*7:Mo 1*7:! inclusive.
.1. P. Kiiniaman. from 1*74 to l*7f> inclusive.
.1. W. Chamberlain, from 1*77 to 1*7* inclusive.
I). V. Chapman, from 1*7U to 1**< inclusive.
Secretaries:
Joseph Walker. 1*4
F. W. (ireen. frojn 1*4:'. to 1*47 inclusive.
(i. .1. Keen. 1*4*.
II. W. Owen. 1*H.
.1. P. Pillars. ls.-,n.
T. C. Tunison. 1*~>1.
11. U'illiams. I*-L'.
(. F. Sene\ . Is.").-;.
.lames Pelan. l*-~>4.
.1. d . Kennedy. 1*-V).
(ieorge II . Ileming. 1*~>'>.
.1. M. Stevens. 1*.">7.
M. 1 1 . < 'hurch. l*o*.
.1. D. Arndt. ls.v. i.
I.. M. I.oomis. from l*tin to fsii:; inclusive.
.). d. (iross. from l*f>4 t(^ l*f>7 inclusive.
Charles Martin, from isf.s to Is7u inclusive.
.1. II. Frost. 1 sf.li.
15. < i . Atkins, from ]s71 to 1*7"> inclusive, and 1*7^.
N. N. Speilman. from 1^71; to 1^77 inclusive.
.). F. McCoi-mack. from Is7'.i to lso inclusive.
I 1 1 i IN I.ODCK M Mi:i.l< ,)-O.
\\ . M.:
Robert Crum. from 1>")^ to Isf.u inclu>ive.
D. F. I)e\\'olt. fVom lsi;i to 1st;:; inclusi\e.
A. T. P,arnes. from Isf.l to 1 *''>"> inclusi\ c.
F. K. Franklin. l*'i*;.
Scrrrt.incs:
.1. ( , . K< nm-'l\ . I--.'.'.
K. \\ . Ur.-mi-. ISM..
1.. A. Iain-, !-'!.
A. 'I', [latiii-s. Isi;^.
K. I.N.-lr. l-'.t ami 1-. -..
( ,. 1'. llnt/ri . 1 -.'..
SI MM \ i H \ I' I I K \ I MI I ! .1 . !'. \ .
\\ \i- or-ani/ed K-bruan ;th, i*\<>. \>\ _la.--'.. (\r->:\. \l 1
with the t'i >H, .\viiu ' h.iriiT nu-iiiix-'r-. \
AlcxamliT Smith, |n-i-(ih M i 'iv :i- . -:i. A_: \
lle!i!'\ Knlin. l\nl.(.-rt ('rum. 1'cU-r \ .111:1
Hi-h l'nr-t-:
K. \V. IJ.-nl. 1st".
( . K . Wat -ni i. t'lcni \^~>- t 1^-M. ami t'riim I-'.'. : I-'. 1 ' im In-!'
II. Knlin. KV-. K')7. KV.i. l-.;n. Is.,]. !-.,_'. ami 1-',,.
.1. I-;. MrCur-aiark. KV.'.
< . . \\ . Sam) '-"ii. l-ti-'i.
'. ( . I'ark. l-7n. 1-71 . ami l-7l'.
.1 . \\ . < 'hainl'fi lain. 1-7:'.. 1 -7 L ami 1-7 >.
< . 1 . 1 >a\ i-. !-7'i ami 1^77.
.1 . 1'. K innaman. 1 -7- ami I -7''.
( 'harlcs Martin. 1".
.). S. IJarlHT. l-.,n.
II. \>. ( 'i inn. !>-"! .
II. \\ . ( )\\fii. KVJ.
T. \\ . l',.)\cc. !>-">:; ami 1^.1.
N. I,'. Km it/. KVi.
II. Nnl.lf. 1-.V1.
.1. I-:. M.-r.innai-k. !-<'.
( i . \\ . --.imp-i'n . 1 *'- ami I *''.
.). I ,. (.K--. !-'.->. I"'.", ami l-'7.
( 'harlc- Mailin. l-'' s . l-' ;i .""I I ~7"
.1. II. l-'r..-t. 1-71 ami 1-7'J.
.1. M. Mi-vcn-. 1-^7... 1-71. ami 1-7 ..
.laiiic- Mniih. 1^7-.. 1-77. l-7v ami 1-7 1
34" HISTORY OK SKNKCA COUNTY.
Murquardt. A. H. Byers, J. (',. dross, Jonathan Smith, Peter Vannest.
Fvan Dorsey, 11. 11. Soiuler.
T. I. Masons:
('. K. U'atson. lsi;7 and Isns.
('.('. I 'ark. 1st;! i and Issu.
A. II. Byers. Is7ti and 1S71.
Charles .Martin. from isTi'to ls7!i inclusive.
Recorders:
<;. K. Brown, from 1st 17 to Is7i_'. and from Is7-">to ls7i> inclusive.
I. M. Stevens, is": 1 , and Is74.
.1. \V. Chamberlain. Is77. Is7s. 177!t. and Issd.
1H. MOLAV COMMANDKKV NT.MMKR (), K.NK1HTS TKM I'l.ARS.
U'as organi/ed at Republic August loili. 1848. with the following char-
ter members, vi/: Josiah Rooj). Job.n P. \Vorstell. II. llenton. I'latt
Benedict. Daniel Watersons, Daniel ISrown, Hiram Humphrey. M. Y.
ISogart. Mdward \\iuthrop. Jl. I,. Harris.
It remained at Republic until February 24th. 1X69. when the first
meeting was held at Tiffin, where it has remained ever since.
Kminent ( 'ommanders:
Kdward Winllirop. iVom Is4s to ].s")l inclusive.
I'latt Benedict, from 1s-~>:;to ls.">7 inclusive.
M. \'. Bogart. from |s.> to Isii-t inclusive.
II. Bromley, from Isr..") to 1^7(1 inclusive.
.1. \V. Cliamlierlain. 1^71. Is7i!. IsT'i. Is77. l>7s. and ISSK.
('. ('. I'ark. 1^7:;. 1^71. Is7. r >. and Is7!i.
Recorders:
II. I'. Beiitim. ls|s and ls-i!t.
K. T. ^tickney. from ls.~,i/to ls")4. and from Isnc, to |si;7.
.1 . S. Smith. Is.V).
II. Bromle\ . from 1 *">! to 1^;4 inclusive.
I). M. Xeikirk. from isf.sto 1^7:.' inclusive.
.1. M. Stevens, from 1 S 7.". to ]S7").
I{. Lysle. Is7'.i and LSSII.
All these Masonic bodies meet at Masonic hall, in the third story of
(Iross's block, corner Perry and U'ashington.
Stated meetings are held as follows:
Tiffin I.odgeNo. 77 First and third Tuesday evenings of each month.
Seneca Chapter No. 42 First Friday of each month.
Clinton Council No. 47 Second Monday evening of each month.
De Molay Commandery No. 9 Fourth \\edncsday evening of each
month.
ST. JOHN'S IIKNF.VOM \T SOCIKTY
\\"as oru r ani/ed March 28th. 1868, bv Michael Kirchner, John Houck
.m<l Paul \.illinct, uht> i allol thi In--! !;HT:::>^ I'hr
I'lV.-iilrlll Ili'Ill I"'. M" |v7- \| KinliMi-l.
V ice- I'lrMiIi-nt A . .1 . lincklifl .
SnTrtar> ( .rol '_''' ^pir-.
TrcaNiuvr A Html K iirl'lt-i .
I lie I iIVM'Ilt i ittli (.T*. .l!V
I 'roidrlil K railed \\ ;|-nc| .
\ ice- 1 'rf>iilctil .li >lin 1'ilii'fiii'rii'il.
< 'iirn-sjiDtiiliiii; SM-rct;ir> \\'. "tcll/-i .
l-'in;uici;il Sci-!ft;u\ I'lnlln-i ! I Imick.
'l'i'ra>nriT I .i nii> I Irich .
hin-ctor-, A. .1. lirickiiri . .Inlni |-;\\;il.t. 1'i-ti-i I 'M.IH.MI !i
( '<nnit \ I >rli"j;atr .Inlni l\ . Itrc^iijn.
I 'l f>i(!r]il .Inliii I,\Mii>.
X'ii-i-l'ivsiilnit 'I'. T. r,.iiin>.
Ui-ct inline Si-fi-ctar> \\' i!!iam I lui K<
l-'inancial Scc|-ftai'\ .laim-^ 1 !!akr.
Trca-'iirfi' U illiani C<>\\ lun^l .
< 'mini \ i )rli"_ r .il.- .lain.-- lllaki-.
I'iv.>i. It-iil T. T. Cullin.-.
\' ice- 1 'i >--ii|i-nl .lain'-- \\ iiali-n.
Urcuril inu r >''ci'i-tai'\ \\ill:. mi I'.nik
' 1 i i ! -, i > .1 ( i i r 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 i i i > t i t u I ; ' i M c \ i ' '
jijtli DI \|>r;l. i ~-^>>. I !n' i :..n :
tiTinilt li.fi iicnilu-! I I '! <: . I>:;-.M:;:!; '
Tli <.>< c : .. hi nil']] mi-: \\ ;: h ni 1 :- '. <'..''.'.< \
5 HIS TORN' 01 SKNKCA COUNTY.
The ] >rcsent officers arc:
draml Ollieers (ieor^e A. Lautermilcli. I). I), d. A.
IJepresental i\ e .lds'i>li Meyer.
Officers of Humbolt drove No. 15. I'. A. ( ). I).:
\. A. Clirist. Tmtlie.
\\ . A. Frederick Schrike!.
Secretary Cliarles ^'llllu;.
Treasurer -I. I". Mtesliin^er.
Inner ( iiianl August Dressel.
Outer (iuai'd Matliias I't'eifer.
Trustees- J5altliasar AVaelllini;. Henry Leinp. .lulm
THE HKNt H AND HAK.
CHAPTER XXII.
w
N tlie I 1 1 MI. I'.} K- iuv i i I a lie u.i- ].n--:t|Mit
in Ni.ru. ilk. In- < ;r< uil etnlM'.u el the
il' ( >hio. Mli ludin.: I I ::t'i Ml. u i;.. 1.
The fir-', i ' Mir t u a- held ::. I'itlili. i !) thf i -'th da\
i're-eiit: 11. I.ane. I'rc-ulf nt h'.il^e: \\.11:. in, ( '.
Irirt. Ma 1 the \v ( "lark. \>-o, lue I i'L N tl M < . t p : . . <
1 nder the old . on-t itut ion * M < 'hin i ierk- M' liu
tnurt u ere aj>|nMn!ed \>\ the iud.;e- tliereu;. I In- ri'L<-
were elei ted l>y the If i^i-hit Ul'e IMF -e\ en \ear-.
The fir-t hiwver whu -ettied in lir: I'-ah wa- M: K I :. k
-ke'i li nt whnst. lite appear- el-euhfif. \!;. A K.iu>
lawvfr who made hi-hiMiie here. \lv. h.ik.n-..;. M ui t.vd \>':'. a -h.or
time in Tittin. trom sviiem e he nio\ed to I o\\ r ; s. .;.,'. .. N \ \l: K.ivs
-iMi remained here the re-! ot h;- l;te.
The lir-i -e--;on ,M the >upreme < :; : :
I -il\ . i ' S -'L I'rti Me j-u ..;, I ;:: :;. ; a!.. : i 1;
i'lil^f s. Ihe ne\i term u a- i i( -i. ' a .1 .1:1
K. -i.e:man.
I he n;dj '. '
}5-' HISTORY OF SKNKCA COUNTY.
ot his early recollections of frontier practice, but said in a note of the
icth of February, 1880. to the writer: "At the age of 87 my memory
is not retentive, but 1 will comply with your request as best I can in
due time: at present my whole time is occupied with business.
J. I'lRDY."
The record of the lives of these gentlemen, their practice, and inci-
dents connected therewith, the scenes they participated in. and the
events that transpired in their time would make a highly interesting
book, and the writer had intended to write out sketches ot some of
them, but to keep this book within the limits marked out for it. he
must abstain. I will say. however, that Mr. Coffinberry (Count Coffin-
berry as he was familiarly called) was the most remarkable figure of
them all. In appearance he was the very image of Oliver Goldsmith.
He had large features and a very striking appearance; he shaved
smooth and his face carried a smile mixed with sarcasm. He was
learned and wittv. a good historian and exceedingly entertaining n
conversation. -He was a natural poet and published one of his poems
called " The Forest Ranger'' in book form. Selah Chapin settled here
in the law practice at an early day: also Mr. Curtis Hates and Mr.
loshua Seney. Sidney Smith. William W. Culver, John J. Steiner and
others. |ohn K. Gibson, a promising young man. and older brother
f General Gibson, was the first law student in Mr. Rawson's office in
Tiffin. lie died before he was admitted to practice.
The writer became associated with the profession when he coin-
in enced reading law in Tiffin, in 1840. and having, for forty years, been
in daily intercourse with legal gentlemen, and amongst whom he counts
his warmest and best friends, it would be a very great pleasure to re-
member them all and make a pen-picture of each one: but tor the
reason^ already assigned a lew only are sketched to any length.
I luring a number of years, when ludge Fane and Judge Reuben
Wood were on the supreme bench together, they took for their part ot
the work the northwestern part of Ohio. They formed a wondeYful
c ontrast on the bench. ludge Fane was a very short, compactly built
man: was near-sighted, had small black eyes, wore spectacles, had
bla' k hair. \vhi< h he brushed straight down over his forehead, and
when he run! he held the book or paper close to his nose. He was a
rapid talker and exceedingly active. ludge \\ood was a six footer:
v er\ straight: had large forehead, light brown hair, brushed over to
the right side: had large blue eyes, a large tleshy nose, clenched lips.
dee]i anil sonorous voice: spoke slowly and very impressively: thus the}'
formed a sinking (-ontrast in their personal appearance on the bench.
They sven- both n the bem h <n I o\\r: .viudusks . .:. :'.
i^.jj. wli'.-n ludgc I ..UK- .1 dm.".; -'ered :!;<
him to [>r.ii tii < law I !u - ' ,\ . ; ; :>U---
dis ided hv the dci isioiis thes dciis'-red lud_;e \\ <\ ':
nearly all the innnnal matter-., sshiie !:.!_ I .HIT .jn ,
cases, as a genera! thin.;, I here ss.ts a i crt.un decree .,; .is\< . .::i]
ance ami ilignity atlai heil to tin- hem h in tln^e ila\>. tiia; !ii- v ...
i^hed, to a very great extent. ^;n< e the |inlge> are ein tr.j \>\ it..- j.i-.ip_..
ami tlie ottiee ha> become, at lea->t. <jiia>i |n.!iii( al,
'1'he lion. I >a\ ill 1 I iggin-> -u< < ceiled I ;u!ge Lane on the i itnii: m tle.is
bench and hi> iurisdii tion at first extended all user the i. >:'!>, e-%t o!
( Hiio. llewa> siii eeeded b\ the lion <>/ia^ I'.owen. o! N! .1: .1 >n. s\ iu>
held his first court in Tittin, on the jd ; \',ir;l. i ^ V s '' - 1 ' 1 ''- 1 ''
tli>trict \va> then < oin j.o>ed >1 tin- 1 i mnt K - i ' M .11 . 'ii. < r .. \s ! : < i . 1 1 <\- < Hi.
Seneca, Sandusky. lirie. and later, \\sando;.
ludge I'.osven's time expired svith the old i on^i/.ut ion.
The first legislature under the ness and prescitj i... .-;: ..;-.. \\': ; .,!.
dis'ided the state into indii ;al dis;r;< ts. t;\ed upon n,:,e .i>
and designated them. These were :h"n d;s:dci ':d;
(iiits, the following (ounties constituting \':~.<- iii's 1 . :
I'reble. I larke. Montgomery, Miami, ('hampaign. \\ < .,.
Oreene. Clark. Shelby. Auglai/e, Mini. Hard::!. I o^.m. I .Ma:
Men er. \ an U'ert. I'utn.un. 1'atiiding. I et"ia:n e
I'tilton. \Vooil, Sene< a, llancoik. \V\andot au.i ( :a.sio
( ;H ui's made one tor ea< h siipreiiu- ;ud^e. >ome :
after the supreme judges ss'ere bs law e\i i;-e.! troin at:
< in uits.
1 n i S5 ; the nine judii ial d:-:r;i ts svi :
was put into the third sub ii;\ ;-;. -n : '.
third sub dis ] ,i ill sva - i iMijM . d o- ':
11 uv D. . \\ van.!..: i:n! < rasx:..;-,: 1 \\ i ! .
3^4 Ill.sloKY Ul SKNia.A OU'NTY.
Senev was elected judge, anil about the time his term expired, the
legislature changed th.e district.
( )ii {'he Sth D|" April. i.S^S. an act was passed creating the tenth judi-
cial district and changing the sub-division, of which Seneca was a part.
I'.y this act the tenth judicial district was composed ot the counties ot
I.ucas. \\'ood. Seneca. Crawford. Hancock. Wyandot and Putnam.
The counties of Seneca. Crawford and Wyandot were made the third
division. l-'our days thereafter another act was passed attaching Lucas
to the fourth district and making Seneca county the first sub-division
of the tenth district. Wvandot and Crawford the second and Hancock.
Wooil and Putnam the third sub-division, leaving Judge Seney in this
county. Seneca being then a sub-division.
Judge Whitely's time expired in 1X61 and he was re-elected in the
then third sub-division. |osiah S. Plants was elected in the second
sub-division in the fall of i.^X. In the fall of 186,. Judge Plants, while
out in Indiana hunting prairie chickens, was mortally wounded by the
accidental discharge of a gun. lie was brought home to die: and
< >hio lost one ot her brightest, best and most promising young men.
I'idge Plant's term had nearly expired when he died. Nobody was
appointed to till his place.
L 1 . the tall of iX(>_!, and shortly before the expiration of his. term of
o'ti' e, I'idge Senev went to war with the loist regiment ( ). Y. I. as its
j'lartermaster.
' 'n the is! day o! May. 1X02. another act was passed abolishing the
:h district and re-organi/ing the third district thus, vi/: first sub
ision. Logan. Lnion, Marion: second sub -di\ ision. Auglai/e. Allen.
Mercer. \an \Vcrt, Putnam: third sub-division. I'aulding. Defiance.
^ iliiums. 1'ultoii. Henry and Wood: fourth sub division. Seneca. Han
< ck. \\ \ an< lot. ( 'rawford.
i nder this ad \\hilely remained in this tourth sub-division, and
Plants also, up to his death: so that now. and under this ad, \\hitely.
Metcalt, 1 ana. Lawrence and Plants were the judges in 1X63. Whitely
.-erving in the -ci < md term.
lln- la>t named aci pro\-ides tor an eleition to be held in this
lourth .ub-division for a judge in 1X00. At this time ludge Whitely's
pired. and Chester K. Mott was elected. He was succeeded by
A. \l. l,n kson. wiio resigned hi-, ottice. and Thomas Peer was appoint
Cosenior to nil the unexpired term of Jackson, and at the
i''M o; :iii! time i s-(, was elected and is on the bench now.
have trai ed the time ot the election of the judges in regular
1 >niL'i- :n s - 77 : Mi ( an!'-\ in iS;</
< Mi thr 7;!. ii i\ "t IMIH-. 1*7'), tin- OM:
[.,,.,,! of th,- ,-,, untie- of Wood, Han,.,
;; iir-t -::b duiMon; ( 'raw lord, Marion .
-ub d:\i-;oti, .IP.'! I nion anil l.o^an to be tin- t)i:t'ii -':i >!
'.i-nlh ii:>tri< t. I he ac t authori/etl an clci ':o;i .,! .1 :;;ii^i
-ill <ii\'i>;on, anil in I )< tob-T, i |S >7;. |oim M < < an; c\ . >:
ricc'icil iini'cr tin- ai t thr lir-t i'lil^c ot th<- ncsv -lib ii;\,>
IN I ki )|il '( | i >K\ NI > I I .
Aii imii\ Mnal ot' low extraction, w itho-u nJtahle ext fi'.i
tr.i! ili-t;n< tioii. may, by ra>hiu's- or thr capric r ol tort:.:
nil'n ciu ai !:!<, rnu-nt- and trinpn: .1 : . >\ ai|inrc an rni:nri
-01 ii. ty . 1 1 i- -!.< ess, like the tra:; -:l ot a roinrt. ma\ <i.i.
'hy thr rapidiu ami iiitm-ity ot i;> lirilliani \ an-!
i,. i il'irablr ::iijir--- tor 'ho ^ratitu ation ol li;> '.
.i'i\ am rnn-nt ! niank::nl. S\n h !i!-tnr\
i o n - M t u t r - I i o r ' . t ! ' ': i ! i i - . -. I : ].!'_:' . \ i . : r. : ' . r : i
, i; ii.\ :i!u.i! ^t II'.III'M' iir._.i:. a i id ;.:!..!;- ''.;r ' '
^5 () IIIMOKV 01 SI.M-XA COr.NTV.
mendable position in society and the attainment of moral, intellectual,
ami religious habits. He early appreciates the necessity of self-reli-
ance and .self-exertion, assured that a praiseworthy notoriety and an
approving conscience can be acquired and perpetuated only by secur-
ing the respect and confidence of the good. Therefore, stimulated by
a laudable ambition, and hopeful of success, he cheerfully combats
adversity, and ultimately acquires and retains the good opinion of the
community, the basis of his usefulness and goal of his ambition.
Influenced by the tenacity of his purposes and stimulated by his
example, others, and especially his descendants, will be naturally, and
yet, perhaps, unconsciously, induced to eschew the illusions of evil on
the one hand, and cultivate, on the other, with patient assiduity, the
love and practice of virtue as the only thornless pathway to happiness,
distinction and success.
LIKK 01 Al'.KI. K. \\VSON.
' Abriducil I rem notes wriitru \>y himself.]
Abel Rawson was horn at Warwick. Massachusetts. May 11. 17!ts; the
third son of Lemuel Rawson and Sarah Harms, who were married Septem-
lic-r s. IT'.*] . Abel was a lineal descendant of the sixth generation from
Kdward Rawson. who emigrated from Kngland as early as 1l>:>7. and acted
as secretary of the colony of Massachusetts Hay from May. 1<;.~>(I to insii.
When less than four years old lie was sei/.ed with fever followed by disease
of the tibia of the left leij. which, after years of intense suffering, resulted in
the loss of the bone and deformiU of the ankle and foot which ever after-
wards remained.
At the age of sixteen, the crippled sou was advised to secure sufHcient
education to prepare himself for a teacher. The parents could give their
children a common school education, but. as Abel inclined to the legal pro-
fession. they agreed to furnish him with such clothing as could be manu-
factured in the t'amih . \\ Idle lie must earn the expense required for tuition
and board at the acadenn or at college and to obtain his profession.
The offer made b\ his parents was accepted b\ Abel, and he resumed his
place in New Salem Academy, and during t wo or more ensuing years taught
school in the \\inters tor educational support.
Thereupon he was admitted to the I )arl nioiit
Ne\\ Hampshire, and remained until the middle
the < Ice j ->i on oi iln I >arl nioiit h ( '
n |-'ehruar\ . I *!'.'. e]o-,ei| the ills] it 111 ioli.
\ears remained with M
, (ii'eyg am
his course with S. ('.
was examined in Max
in A IILI'II-I t'ollo\\ i ug. and
e at \e\\ Salem.
h for Albany and thence
n the road . li
\c\\ I'l-n \ . I ii-;niL r a I'Miint v . ( Mii". ami -n,i|i .iiti-i \\fni!.. *>I.-II|M ','
lin-I uMh il !-app> >'. Ill nil-lit ami ! i-t ill iii-i| I" \i .'.I" !l\ III- t:in_'h; - .' |MI
M-\t-rai im'lilh- 111 !><>', i-l. U.'lUli- nilllilV. < Mil' . ,llnl !!! \ . -. in 1 -- ! !-Jl
|Vlll\ .-ii t" N M: 'U .ilk . Ill I I HI ''! | I -Ml I III \ . U li- 1 I- |]i- ; ,|i|_; I.; x, ,' , j ,; ...^ t|,,.
rii-iiiti- \\ in!'-r. ami in Mai i-|i , 1 J >. i'l>'aMii-tl i-Mi^->isiiiii'i;iJ ; i , ! :.:. l. '-. . }:.!.
\ ; ; lii- A nu 1 1 -I It-mi ; tin- -up: .-HP- ruin I . in I _' . IM- u .1- .i-inr. i ! >l in tht-
li.n. tin- ll'-ii. l''!:-ha \\ h:il li--t-\ lii-iiij ' I,. u! n, ,111 <>! :' \.in,. 1 . !:_ .-..IM-
I iiiif .
I ! i ..i- -i --I thiMii-h i;.-!|i-\ in-. \\ In-: i- -: ..... I i.in .1 >im.:li' i .I'-MI. a
lii|Mii'_'|i ,i iiiMi-r IMP--! t' 1 'I'illin. Tin- tt-iril"l\ ua- thfii ,.. , iiji
-v'lii'i a t ril'i- ni ! iiiliii n-.
'I'illin i -nii-i-li-il M| al Mill a iln/rii tain : ! it - ! \\ i 11 MIL' in I u.ii- . al<ni-. 'I'!;.-
liinlii-i li.icl ln-i-ii IIIM-;!\ ffiiiM\ .-i| MII \\'a>hinu r l"ii -I i -.-t . -MM; h IJMIU ;!,,-
S.iin!u-k\ river I Marki-I -tiv.-t. Tiinr ua> h" liMt.-l in Tnlin. SM \|. . |; a u
>MII I'nrilcil tin- ii\rr ami ^tn|i|>ril at a laM-rn krpl \>\ mir l-:!i-li,i ^m:!h. at
l-'ui'l Hall, u hi-n- In- rrmaii iril n\ cr uiii- ila> .
Si'iifi'a i-i'iintx i-Miiltl u r i\f llit'ii lint ::IHI \nti-x. 'I'Mlin hail al'iiinlanl \\.it--i
IIMUI-I. iiniliipl'itv fit i-\i'i-|i! li\ a pi mi it i\ i- '_ r ii-I ami -a\\ in:!!. t-i.-.-!i-i| |.\
.|MVJ;I|I 1 |i-i|'_ r i-->. ami f\ t-r\ t liinu r a|'|>t-ari-i| |>r<-.pi-ri j\ i- ainl il i>lti-ai ''-niiii.' IM
:i>|>ir;it imi- t'ur r\ HI t In- i-nn !:! t- \pi-n-i-- > -I M : Ka v. ->MH.
lit- ri-tnnn-il t'i V'rualK nna--ii! i->l . an-l iinall\ \\t-nt IM a 1'iMth. in |; ; , h
lii-l'l. HM\\ ;n ^iiniimt i-Miiiil\. in ^i-pl i-iiiln-i . !-_'-',.
A t it-! a i- 1 !-!-> M| nii-ni a 1 an \ ii-t \ . h>- -tar'.i-'l a_ r ani !m' ^i-nt-i-.i >iiiit \ . in
l-'i l.i !iar\ .!>_''.. aii-l MM thr |.,ili lir ail i\i ! in l'->v\ I'.a!! \\ith !r-- ! liaii t-ii
i|> i! ', i i - in IIIMIH-\ ami a lau I ilirai \ M| t dc lir--' \ >] unii- M[ ^\\ 1 1 1 '- | : ^i--t a in!
nl I 1 1 1 It \ ' - I' i i a 1 1 i n '_ r .
lli- M|PI-III-I| an Mll'n-f in a -mal! I'll' U 1 n 1 1 !, I m^. ] l\].. | t -,-t an.! mn- -JMIS
huh. ami >i ill l">^i -taiHlinu MM tin- \M-S| >ii|t-ni ^ani!u-k\ -t : . i . i n ; h.-
M-I Mini \\ aril M| T ] tli II. ln-lHU till' lit -t I'l ii'k I Ml ili I in-.; iTri'tfil 111 I In- mill \ .
am! a!-M i n-i-npif.l h\ 1 >r. |-'.li I M i^l'arli.
A I tin- Ma\ ti-rin M| t li- i-Miii t >t' 1-1 I|IIIIIM|I pit 'a-, Ma\ . .1 !i . !._'.. \l : . Uau -..n
\\a- appi'Mlti'il pi M-I-I lit lIIU r attMl!!l-\. IM -l||-|-|-ci| UMI|M;P|;I;-, ] I;. k:||-M'II. ;1|
\\ liii-li ("'-it inn lit- \\ a> ri-taim-'l nn! i ! i >I-|M|H-I . I-::;. I lining i-:^'i: MJ [i-n
\rar- a!'i-i Mi. I!a\\-M|| Mpi-nnl hi- niliff. lln- pii -uh-iil nnlu''- aii'l m- nil" r>
M|' tin- har ui-n- i-ntt-i taiiM-'l at l-'urt Mai! !"i \\aii! M| ,\, ( MIMIIIM. !ai ;nn - al
'I'M lin . ami 1 ufiil \ l'i Mir IM t \\ i-nt \ I'r, r al Im IH-N ^ 1 1 MIII ( 'i'!iiiiihi . Nl.ii tun .
1 )i-la\\ an-. Man-l'n-lil. N MI \\ a ! k . "vi in I n-k \ ('it\ an-l I.MU.-I ^aiphi-k\ n.i\\
l-'rt-niMnl niailf t'ri-i|iii-nl t'\'-iii -inn- in al li-ii'lani ni>Mn i MI a; TiMii.
al 1 1 -ii' h-il 1 >\ [M i\ at i"li aipi t-\ p- ' -ui \s hi' h HM\\ apj M ai - -im 1 1 .1: 1 '.>.
AI'Miit ihi- linn- I'M!', I'.a'l aii'l Ti'lin \\I-M- hMtfih -!IM|I
of t lir i MII M! \ -i-at . ami nian\ !a \\ -r it - \s n i- I 'r"ii
Hii' pi'MpriflMi "I '!'i lli !. in it-_ r aiil IM tin- r\ : n' M| !
Sami"l-k\ li'.'-i. Mr Ka \\ -MI. \\ a- H ' ..'<! ! I. I'M pa'
,|. i lim .1. ami i, ;h.- -nil- tin .i av..r. .
inn MI- I-'J- \li I!' '. - ivja'.n. ! M: K iv
\\ hii-h am I-I-IIP ni < "I,' ; 'na-,| MM) !'. ' u t i.: .
In Man-li. !-_'-. M' . I ' i'-\ -MI u a - ap:-. ' . . I 1 ' ," i',-
take charge ol' 1 1 it- I'll it IM| Slates lain I oil ice fur t lie I )ela\\ a re district a! KM it to
he removed to Tillin. There \\as IM> liridtje across the Saiidusky river, and
in April. l-~:>. Mr. l!a\\son left I-'ort Hall and opened his law ollice in Tillin.
Mi\ Ila\\son \\a.s then postmaster at Fort Hall, and Milton McNeal his
depnlx. During a lemporan absence of Mr. llau son. one Neal Mcdaffey
made an attempt to have him removed for the reason that Mr. Rawson's
oiliee \\as in Tillin. whieh place \\as supplied Irom Fort Hall, and the hi.u'h-
\\a\ and mail route from Colnmliiis to Lo\\cr Saiidusk) I-'remoiit was on
ihe uest >ide of the ri\er. After man\ shameless expedients made by
Mc< ,atte\ . .lolm McL'-an. then poslinaster-j^eneral. informed Mr. Hawson
that he should lie no more anno\ed. Soon after Mc(iaffe\ \\ as dismissed
from the oiliees ot' clerk and of recorder b\ the court ol' common pleas, and
Joseph IIo\\ard was appointed tlieir clerk, and Mr. Kauson recorder.
Srptemlie!' ^s. IS^N. Mr. Ha\\>on \\a^ married to Miss Sarah Ann ('lark,
at l!o\ allon. ( 'u> aho^a coiiiii) . ( )hio. ami the\ returned to '1'illin about the
middle of October following. Mis-- Clark \sas Imni Felirnar\ It. I sou. at
I laiieock. in Addison coiintx. \'ermoiit. She had been well educated, but
\\a> mainl) dependent upon her o\\ n exeilions foi' support. This union
eon I ri billed lar'_;el\ to the as~.i^tain i and liappine^s of M r. I Jawson.
doveriior McArihnr i^^iied his commission to Mr. Hawson. dated June
I J. ls:;-j. as notar\ public for three years, but In- declined lo <|ii,ili l'\ . At that
period he rose at or before "> o'elork in the morninu. chopped his own wood
before breakfast . \\ hicli was at ii o'clock, and also prepared fuel for his oilice.
Amid other cares. Mr. !Ja\\>on ;1( tcil as school examiner for more than ten
\ ears. \\ ithoiit compeiisat ion.
In the . spring of ls:;t .Iose|>!i Howard resiuned liis otliees of clerk of t lie
,iipreme court and court of common picas, and a certificate fur tho.^e otlices
was issued to Mr. llawson from -Indues Wright. Lane and ( 'ollett. of the
supreme court, dated April i!tth. |s:;l. \\ith that of the court of eominoii
picas, but he declined, and in union with others recommemN-d Luther A.
1 lal! . a \ oiiim man n ell (|ualilieil. \\ ho succeeded to the ollice and held it
\\ it h credit durinn' t lie ensuing' seven \ ears.
March lth. I ^Js. congress m'anled .".UU.IMHI acres of land in Ohio to aid in
the construction of hei canals. |-'ebriiar\ PJlh. ls_' : ,i. one land otlice \\as Id-
ea led at Titlin. and on December I'.n h. |s:;o. Mr. IIa\\ s M n \\ as appointed rci>--
i.sler li\ ioint resolut Jon of the ie^ishii m-e. \\ hich posj) ion he retained more
than si\ \ ears.
The oiliee u as ; t mo\ ed ;o M;o i nice ( }\ \ \\\ t he spri ny of 1 s;;7. and .loh n
|',i oiiuh since _"- 1 !'ii- r \\ a- elected receiver. Mr. l!av. >on was reappoinied
noisier 1,\ (idvernor \'ance. and commissioneil April l.'/th. \^-'<l. but de-
clined.
.Iaiiuar\ it h. l s :'.J. the Mad Ui\erand Lake Lrie raili'oad coin]>an\ ua.sin-
i-orporaled b\ the leu r islature of ( )hio. and in t he follo\\ in;;- sprinir the coin-
paii\ uas oriraiii/ed and .losiah lled^es elected one ol' ils directors. The
I'nad \',as cmi^l ' > I!' ilesiie prior to ls",c,. l,n; then suspended until
's;;:.. Meantime the depot \\as e^laliiislied in |-'ori I'.all. \\lii<-h anm-ed
,e\eie \ituperatiou auaiiist Mr. 1 ledges, a dirt'ctor. and Mr. llawson. the
attorne\ for 1 he road, and led to >e\eral suits at law before tlie exciteiueiil
abated.
human I Itli. I- ;.. Mi. i;,r,\ -,-1,
ainiu.,1 f!n ti.'ii. nut ! :i! v ;. i - \
hi-. iiaun- .1- .in :i: !)-. -ii'l'-i/ .\ [ .
to iv-i '<-i . -iii' '.' u.i- Hi.' mi ., -
rlrrt imi t" ' ', -lalf > n. ill-. I
\\ln-n-ili Mi . I I. .'/.. i!. I v. - .!. ;.
V. l.n.lt. i!,. U i::.
I >fll|i "T.ll !r It' 'III i iii . li-i-i i\ i '1 'J .
illilf 1" ii'lclli ivtliii iil.it. . ;-,-, t :',i-.! I ,11 .
I'lnralil > "l n iin-i \ - 1 \\ ' i ' .!-.
in thf sj.riii- n| 1- ;| \| : i; ,v. ,.
prilii ili:: c>ia!iii-.|'!in-i,! . '!, ;ll ,| ,,; I;]-,
I \\ ( i >. i-;i! s. piii ,| i -hri i til,- / / ./. , '
ua- ' -'!.-! A|>! :! J'.tli. l^.'.t.
Th- 1 a n! iiti ..... ! ' -.".'' .in'! ; It.- \ < ,
iii' >!iit.i , \ p' i -'U! i- ;u it ! i-1'i-.i-. \\liii-li
n-putal 'i MI "! M : . II. i\' -"ti IUMI: nl
vstm-l, lAi.-n.li-il i.' aim.-; .--..; \:!,n:
. 1 1 1 1 ! <'!-.:!,'> i hill) "I ! i , ' l.-'i-- I \
Mai . i ;, p,n '.'. ; p :
in-! i. n -in .-.-.<:.-,! Mr. < ! .,;.
M't i !''! I I "III i >.\ -! IP --.
1'rinr ! ! - !J -'- . -;.!; i i :m-n ii.ni
i;.i\\ --IK .i.i'hn i'. ( ..fii,.-::. i;. i ,. i'.-
K. (.:-
In Ih - >p:-:!ij; .-: ! -11 M:. K i \ -
tin- \\ in- ..... '. !i:..'ii li'-M .1! I:. :';'!...
11'Mi' .:.'. aii'! \l: . Fi, :M,_;!M;-. -!,
' >:i:: a!."i I'M i !'V -.1 in<- \i-ar \ l . a-- IP iiiriii.ii
/>0 HISTORY 01 SKNI'.CA COUNTY.
luth. 1*47. without his knowledge, which led to violent opposition ami an
attempt wa-> mail'- to impeach his report by the Hank of Titlin.
The linal result fully sustained Mi-. Hawson. and the Seneca County Hank
of Titlin was chartered August Nth. 1M7.
l-Yhniar\ s|||. IMs. 1!. Tomli resigned as president and Mr. l{a\vson was
appointed to till the vacancy, hut on May L'oth. Is4s. he also resigned.
Th" d''-illi of an only daughter. Aurinia II.. I-Ybrnary KUli. tsts. was a
severe blow to an invalid mother, and on .lime (itli. ls4M. Mrs. Hawson sud-
denly expired.
Thereupon Mr. Rawson abandoned his profession, and for several years
devoted himself to out-door pursuits and the improvement of real estate.
in 1^.~>I Mr. Hawson consented to become a candidate as a member for
Seneca county of the convention to revise the state constitution, the election
being on the first day of April. Kxcepting a printed address. Mr. Hawson
took little interest in the canvass, and was defeated by K. T. Stickney with
a majority of eighty-two votes.
in October. fs~il. his name was used in the canvass for state senate during
his absence in Iowa, of which, with his defeat, he was ignorant until his re-
turn: and also, in ls.~>s. he was tinned to accept the nomination for judge of
common pleas, and in hstiO that for state senate, both of which he declined.
During this period Mr. Hawson devoted much of his time to closing pro-
fessional business, and also to the education of his two sons. Allen A. and
Homer ('. Hawson. both of whom graduated at Hush Medical College, in
Chicago. Illinois, in the spring of ls.y>. and in the following aut umn and
spring, settled in Adams county. Iowa, where they still reside ls.su .
September :T>th. Is-Vi. Mr. Hawson married Mrs. Maria McN'eal. widow of
Milton McXeal. who had died in September. ]s:;|. \\ilh whom he afterwards
enjoyed domestic (juiet in declining years.
Especially during the last three or four years of his life did Mr. Hawson
feel that his physical nature was yielding to the infirmities of age. This did
not interfere with his cheerful recollections of the past, and regard for Un-
friendly ties of the present, nor with his bright view of futurity. Conscious
of a life of integrity and of honor, he said: "Let us always seek and abide
the right, leaving consequences to the dispensations of Providence."
As the evening of Thursday. August i!4th. IsTl. was drawing a life of sev-
enty-three years to a close, peacefully and gently the soul of Abel Hawson
departed to the endless visions of eternit) .
JOSHl A SKNKY.
lames Nicholson was a commodoreof the United States navy in 1775.
when he had command of the Trumbull, a frigate of thirty guns, and
fought in her an action with the llritish man-ot-war \Vyatt, which, next
to that of 1'anl IOIH-S. with the Serapis, was the mo-t desperate of the
war. I'.iglitecn member^ <>t ;]R- Nicholson family served in the navy
if the I nited State>. ( 'ommodon.' Nicholson had four daughters, who
\ -TC all famous tor their beauty and their accomplishments in both
\Y.!-l'.in_ r ton and New N'ork societies. Mr. Albert (lallatin. while a
\va- I...MI \ ..,-iii!. : .- . i ;., ;.
an.! .-.!:. , , ,{. 11,- u ., .
\ rr-;' \ I .tu Si h' ) i ; I ',. ':. : :.
\v.t- tin- j.riv.i!.- >; M :x ' ': . \ '
hlK-i! ,,,<,,,;,, a ,",!.!,, ,.; tS,,j ],:!,::
\rar in \V,i-hi:'._:< >n. uli'Tc In- m:n_;.>-,| \\
tr\ \\h'> :rr. I'U'iiicii tin- hmi--'- .: }i.-
Ni, h,.U..n.
A' .1 vi>i: l" I lUiiiHiuv n. I'cini^v 1\ I:I;.L, i.
hi> witV. :i> ll'itu'fil in .1 -krti h nl her lite.
-] n't ;.i! i'c '.inn! \ .
Mr. *r:;. -\ \v.i- our
tr\ li.i-i lirrii r ,M i! I"
.1-1 [ir.K ! i ! i' >;! T. !!'
likf : I'-.r. 11 ' w.i ai
in- 1 , i-r i. i' 1 in -in\ ;>.u" \ . 1 \\
-,!:. \Vl,.-n !u- lik-.l a p.-r-.u
h:- powrr t-i .ii.1 !i in. 11" w.i
i-nji u '! jioi;; ii ,i! u,;!.it ;< >;i-. I-
kn-w n..ih;:u .ili..M! i iSi-.r : . '
l.i-ti - ti ir < '! .ijijirci i.i! n m "i :!.
h.i-lr .in,! p,,l : ,hr,l: !, r |.Ri.,
. iitrn w IM'I 1 |..i-- h: - !i'--i ir:c!ii
wlii-n .it 1 1'. lii-r ! MIIC- !>' \\ i - .t"
1 1 ' r I '< i ! ! \ a ' 1. ' ) i n i : n .in > ! ! ; < ' .
^>2 iiisiokY or si xix'A oorxiY.
man of his si/c iliat ever was known, and it was noticed by everybody
that saw him
iMirinu tlu L last lew years of his liic he had several attacks ot" heart
disease that troubled him I 'or a short time. ( >ne night he got out of
bed. walked to the window and opened it. to let fresh air into the room,
and. returning towards the bed. tell dead on the Moor.
This was on the night following the loth day of Fcbruarv. 1.^4. Mr.
Seney was l"ift\ nine years, two montlis ami ten days old when he died.
11 is three sons are lawyers ol note: (ieorge K. Senev and |oshua
Seney. the former in Tittin and the other in Toledo, and both common
pleas judges, and Henry Senev is in the practice at Kenton, ( >hio, and
when Judge McCauley was nominated for judge, Henry Seney gave him
a \ erv (lose chase tor the nomination.
\Vas born August ^olli. i^i.v in the township of Spafford. in ( Mionda^a
counts, state of New \ ork. lie is the son oi I.uthcr Hah. who was a
farmer by occupation, a native ot Berkshire county, state of Ma-.sai hu-
setts, and wh.o died in iS.|^. at Kreeport. Illinois.
Luther A. Hall was raised on a farm, working during the slimmer and
attending district school during the winter until he was fourteen years
oid. when he became a pupil in a -elect school kept by Mr. Thomas
\Y. Allis. at Skaneateles. where he rein. lined two \ears. He then en-
uaued a- a ckrk in a -tore and served in that capacitv some three
years. In the -prim: ot i.S_^ he started on a trip to ( )hio with a small
stock of g< >ods in a one horse wagon, I rum the sale ot" which he paid Ids
expen-.es as he went along. He arrived in Tit'tin on the 51)1 day of
May. in the same vear. and was l"irst employed asclerk in t he recorder's
ottice a' iitt\' cents PIT da\. boarding liimsell. Soon alter he entered
the store of |ohn I'ark as clerk, where he received ten dollars per month
and boarding. I he olii settlers \viil remember tlie t\vo story brick
builiiiim. trontiiiij west, that stood on the corner <>t \\asliington and
Market streets, wliere the National I'Achan^e bank now stand-; that
was Park's store. i ! , the time Mr. Hall was clerk for Mr. I'ark. he
\\a- appointed < ierk oi the -npreme < onrt ol S'-neca county and. of I'H-
our! oi common p'h-a- fr/> /-//:.. to which position he \\~a-appoinied
fir-! ,i- deput\ in i-S^^. and permanently in i s ; \. Mav 51)1. In iS^; he.
in companx \\ ! - ah Hed^e-, engaged in the mercantile busine-s.
\\~hich wj ; on until i^^7. u'lu'ii the financial .storm induced them
to di-continue the luisiness. The .lock wa- t losed out, the good debts
collected, and liabilities paid. There- were many losses trom bad debts.
ISTOKV or SKNKCA
Near the end of the Mormon llible is added the testimony of ( Miver
('owdcry as to the "(iolden Plato."
lie was one of the brightest minds amongst the leaders of the Mor
mons. and the history of the order \vonld have been a better one had
his counsel and advice prevailed.
Mr. Cowdery was born in the state of Vermont, on the ^d day of
October. 1804. Alter he had acquired a good common school educa-
tion, he applied himself with great industry to the studv of the dead
languages and became very proficient in the (ireek and Chaldee. He
came to Ohio when he was a young man and entered the law office of
ludge Hissel. a very distinguished lawyer in 1'ainesville, Lake county,
as a student, and was admitted to practice alter having read the requi-
site length of time and passed an examination. His unfortunate asso-
ciation with the Mormons blasted the high hopes and bright prospects
of an otherwise promising career, and planted a thousand thorns along
the wayside of a life that was as pure and undefiled as that of the best
of men. ('owdcrv had more to do with the production of the Mormon
Bible than it-- history had ever given him credit for. He was the best
scholar among the leaders. \\hile others advocated the doctrine of
polygamy. Cowdcry opposed it. not only on moral grounds, but also,
and principally because it \vas contrary to the great principles of
Christianity, and above all. because it \vas opposed not only to the
great demands of civilization but to the spirit of the free institutions of
our < ountry. This opposition to polygamy brought ('owderv into con-
flict with the other leaders, and especially with Joe Smith; and while
C'owdery gathered around himselt the better and most intellectual ele-
ment among the Mormons. Joe Smith became the leader of the coarser
tones, with \\hom his great force ot character soon made him verv
popular. The conllict came and Cowdery had to flee for his life, leaving
his wife and two children behind him. Mrs. Cowdery's maiden name
was \\"hitin'-r. and a sister ot one ot the \\hitmcr's who figured as a
leader. She was a beautiful woman, whose quiet nature, sweel temper
and kind disposition won her friends wherever she was known.
Mr. '. owdcr\ < ame ba< k to Kirtland. In the spring of 1X40. on the
ijth day o! May. he addressed a large I)emocratii gathering in the
-tree', between the (lerman Retorni'-d church o| Titlin and the present
rcsidem-- .it' H<v. < ir.nf. He \\a-then
ah><at:<>n [,i j.ur-iie hi- {>; >!e--i"i, a- a ', i\\ \ cr. h.i\ ;:._ i :.: .: .-.\ .i';..i
'l"iic(i and :>r.'ken ,i\\.i\ ii. 'in .ill In- < miici '..>:>.> .'.!. ti < M .mi' '.-
Ill the l.iil <>I tlu' -aiue \ i ai he m'.'.cd tt.tii ': - l.un.i) ! littm .uM
nprlH-'i .1 i.l\V .ittli'f oil M.llk'-I -'rrr:.
Mr. ( 'owilcry w.i> .in .i!ii; - i.i\\ \ r: .iii.i .i L;rcat .iU Hi .itc ! I . v ni.i;,:icr -.
WIT*.' (,',i^\ ,t:nl ^i-ntlfiu.inlx . !u- \\-i- |i!;tc. 'l;^n:Iiril. yrt < ' 'tiri< - <<!>..
He luii I an upcii ri'MMten.uiri-. hi^h icn-hi-.n!, dark l>r.i'.v!i r\r. k'ltn.in
no>c. ck'iii hrd h]i^ .mil [ir. >in;iH'iit luwcr t.i\s. lie >h.i\f! sin.mth ami
\va> neat .i:ul ( K-.inly in In- prixm. He w.i^ .it \\^}i\ -.MMn-. .ihinit
fivr tcrt, t"i\c niche- In^'h. and had a lno-c. ra>\ \\.iik. \\ :''n .ill h:-
kind and iricndiv di-|< >-itn >\\. tlu-rr \va> a < ri'a;n lU-^rcv <! -a<hu-->s
that -criiird t.) pcrvadi' hi- wlmlc brill:,. H;- a--ui iat;i)ii \\:th "tin-r-
\va- inarkcil \>\ the ^reat aniii'in! ill ;n'i irniat'.. >n h:- i ni!\( r-a T ;'ii; < i>\\
vexed and the l>eaut\ D| hi- inu-;i al \.r e. H> ad>!rr--e- \ :hr >p'.;rt
and jurv urre < liarai teri/cd liv a huh . irder "! nr.iturx. \\ .'.!.!>: :l',:an;
and tiireii-i< tor* e. He \va- niode-! and, re-er\ed,. nt\e: -j">'ke .1! >>{.
any t me. ne\ er i onijilaincil.
He left Tifnn \\ith hi- t.uniU :"i I .ikii.irii. ;:-. \\ :-
\vhere lie remained Imt a -li.>r; time. an>-| :!.. n n.'.\e.
where he d ;ed ; n i "> ; N .
The writer r<-ad law \s:tli Mr. < i>s\der\ ,:. Ltt.:.. ...: ua-
aci|iianiti-d w:;h him. iriim the time !.< < ame hej. ;:... :
attorded me every <'[>] >< irtunit \' tu -; : ;d\ an.! . >\ e
manh. >< .d.
CHAPTER XXIII
:HE BENCH AND BAR CONTINUED.
S1DNKY SKA.
Till-, subject of this sketch was the most remarkable character that
was ever associated with the Tifhn bar. He was unlike other
lawyers in almost every thing, and seemed to avoid assimilation on
purpose. In i\^ he had his office in the frame building on the south
side of Market street, on in-lot No. 71, now occupied as a saloon.
When the writer became acquainted with him lie was known by the
name of Sidnev Smith. It is said that he was a graduate of the New
Haven I, aw school, and that formerly he was a shoemaker by trade.
He was married when he moved from Portage county to Tiffin, in i<S}2,
and very soon secured a verv good practice. He bought a farm in
Scipio township, and laid out the larger portion of Republic. In [tine,
iX}(>. he published a notice in the /'////// (/'it^i'//>'. that lie would sell his
lots in Republic, a valuable farm close by. another farm six miles from
Tiffin, and one and one-hall lots between the court house and the free
bridge, because he wanted to go to some southern latitude.
Two years thereafter he gave notice that he had lett his property in
tlie hands of Mr. Chapin to sell tor him, and moved to Cincinnati,
where he opened a law office. It is said that he there wore his pants in
his boots. The boots had large red tops, on which were painted in gilt
letters. " Sidnev Smith, attorney at-law."
About the latter part of 1X40 he came back to Republic and opened
a law ottice again in the name ot Smith He took a \ cry active' part in
the presidential campaign, and made the first speech when the Whigs
raised their log cabin on the lot where the Commercial bank now
->tand>. In his political harangue on that da\ he was exceedingly per
sonal mil bitter. This was on the _}d day of lune. i.S.jo. He made
many more speeches throughout Seneca county that summer and fall,
but be< ame so boisterous and abusive that the Whig central committee
finally retused to make any further appointments lor him.
all jM,r;r\. .,! !i> ,-A :!
son. :! wa- . i.-fi- I'r-i'
lib "ti. MI ' ; Si-:; r..>: ! ! . -
lin.il I \ ] >.i-^(.-i ! " >:i !'':; !''!.
I lu- 1,-av.m Ys~
U hen A' i.Uit -t'loij !!> .n
tin- ( "rr it.)!-. :. n.r.ii.- .i'.i
t'.tv II.::i ,-. .'. ,:,_ 11.1:11.-
:i:ii 1 | >i n ir \i l.un'> \ i >i .1! i'i!.
li .ir.' ;- M ji I" -!i ti!<- iii- c\
I.iMiou>ly '. <'.>k;n_ innti <
! hi-in .tu in ir. ,ii)' i ;;!!_; :
Smith." 1I-- w.iptt-"! I" .
U'MHT.U .l---~CIIl!ii\ if! !;."'
\\i< Hi; !\\ 1 1 \ r.ir> ' :i'-!'<-.
hr^a.l.-. .in.l w !,-!i .:. ::..
i ' ! ( 1 1 1 r I i ! . 1 ! ; i \\ r I !.tT ! i . I
alii 1 I' i a!n >, a:n 1 man \ >'
I. i"k i -i i IIP in- !"t;r '>':> a;n!
-ha!! n.iw , all h : m . H--
) " i>i-.l li\ ui\ 1" n i\ . :i'r '
In i rile r 1:14 'in . ' >\\ ai i i:i c.
AliMiil :h:- t:inc an :::.ir
or^ani/nl - n I'lilin. ;ihV| 1 <\
( irncral .! i >!:: '. liri'i ;
| > r a r r . ! tip, para'!.- 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 ' '
o 1 1 1 1 r > 1 1 a . i 1 1 1 a 1 1 1 . : t < i ' '
1 1 i i i 1 1 1 1 , : - t > : : : ' \ i : > i : i
s! ire!- in 'I :tl,i-: M/-' 1 ! ' : .'
1 1 1 1 :-!'; .'. '; , M i . . -.\
3 ( >' s HISTORY or SI.NKCA COl'NTY.
ATTENTION
MILITARY MEN OF SENECA COUNTY!
INJUSTICE IN THE CAMP!
EVERY MAN TO HIS POST!
Blow ye the trumpet, blow, and sound the drum.
Send round the hand-bills, let the freemen come:
For equal rights the standard let us raise.
And let the TiHin Junto foam and ^a/.e.
Ki.uht companies have we. old. faithful and true.
Whose rights are trampled on to bless the new.
Your old and patient prayers thrown in your face.
And Oceolas born to partial jjrace.
The quartermaster deals you pelting storms.
But takes the < )ceolas to his arms:
He u'ives them t,nins. the brightest and the best.
Let's your old beards petition and be cursed.
Here, you can see. the TiHin .Junto reigns.
While you submit to penalties and pains.
Shall Oceolas Haunt their <;litterin^ steel.
And can the older brothers fail to feel?
Behold their sheen displaying to the sun.
And trudge your sober face and wooden uun.
Hear ye. brave spirits of our fathers t, r one.
And let your children put their reason on.
Hiuh soars the eairle out of mortal si^ht.
I5ut wli\ should justice towel' a greater height?
The eaicle sometimes stoojis to mortal kin.
Then wl>\ not justice sometimes dwell witli man.
legislature. I t hi nix >ou in i\ pncnre \oiir rights, and arm^ enough of differ-
ent de>eript ion to make our brigade respectable, ami I promise m\ feeble
aid "ii the side <>;' impartial justice. Wh\ -h.iiiid a miserable faction rule
ihr whole count)'.'' I hop,- and trust ihat our well-beloved brethren, the
( ).-eola-. \\ ii'-n t h'\ lit id that their older brothers are men. too. \\ ill lie more
an\i"ii- to 'jive justice 'Inn to lake wronu;.
V.ni'vf -i-i in'- 'i- a uatelniiaii on ihe \\all. I see the poison hi^imr in the
caiuji. I h|o\\ the hum. I.e]\ pea'-eahl\ extract the venomous teeih and
|..( the i'e|.lile-, live. SIDN l-;^' SKA.
I Iri^adier ( ,enei al.
1 111. lil \i H \ S I ' I: \K.
t- iin-i-UiiL.' .mil in\ <>! luMtf tin- h"l- all. is i .
\- \ \\ \ Y I'.,!. 'ii.-l.
i . M < H . 1 >l . V I .! uli-M.uiI I ..ii'iK
II I \ I; Y \IK 1 /i,i:i; A.liui.ihl
,i< >-l \ 1 1 i;< K !' MII. u !! iii.i-:-i ,
i: r. > MI K \ \.\ i .ipi.iui.
i> MI: r/.i. 1.1; .11.;. mi.
.1 v M 1 \|;K-, . .,,,1.1111.
I'M I. hl.\\ III !-t l.i.-iit.-n.nit.
\\ I'-l IM.'i \\ - .'-I l.:.-.i:.-n;iiit.
i.f i-f. u!T,n i-iiort^ \\rri- 111. ur in n-iiM'.i- :
a nil l>i; ilii d nr\\ . nurt h"ii-r lh< rr. !:' !!; \ !.
<i;t .1 ,iu.i\ s : I In- TllM. I'llSiy \\.i- ii"
iii;i.:.ir\ (iMiiji.uu. tin- in--; <! uL..ni
'i-pt :lr-> u n >n_;-ii in il H n !\ hi n ;h<-\ ~. <
1 1 : i 11 H i ' ! 1 11 _ ' . II I u ' i ' I i ; 1 ! '\,' ; ! ! ! i
The ( >-' 1-1 il i- \\ rrr tlu-n t: :<:'
< it nrrai >f.i i .11111 in. aiiii 'ak ii_ ' ! . . r.
.u.<! .ii!ni,n>!einl up.'- a'. !;.- u-'ial I <; : i;i.i:
l.tkiiu tlu-ir liiriiaiis oi! ( '. !. mr] ( , .' .
< '.t j >t t ' n l'i H ii'inan. \ ' !u- ( K, ( , ,
| .r< icurt.-il ' he u M:I~-. lia\ ; n_: t \ | i :.i-i! > ' ',-
< ir>.aiu/a' ;i MI. aini llu- in'"!'- ~ ' ; ; ' : :._
;> I'M iifil aini
' Tin- I liiki- "I I il llli^u n k . \\ ;! li hi
Mari'lu-il up tin- h ill .tii'l I ln-n ui.i
ll ;-, ,,,-,, li.tlih- ;h.i- tin- .p.n-.TM.i.Vr -
< iritv tor aviii - ilia- wt-;i t ! . - i ;';.:;. -.'. .ini'.r.^
i in i uu- "I tin ^i-].'.i-m;.r: HIM-''-! '!.i\ !
'MI ;n !;n<- in iiu th< r:\ci '.. M ,. i . ITI -lire!.
}70 HISTORY 01 SKXKCA COUNTS.
About the year 1X4^ (ieneral Sea left Republic and moved to Tiffin
again, when he and Mr. I.. A. Hall became partners in the law firm of
Hall iS: Sea. The}- soon had a large practice, and while Sea was the
better advocate. Hall was the better pleader. Mr. Sea's striking ap-
pearance and forcible address gave him great influence with a jury. He
was quick and ready to catch a point, and unsparing in pressing it.
This partnership lasted only about two years, and both continued in
the practice in Tiffin.
(ieneral Sea was ambitious and used all the means at his command to
get (ieneral John Bell, of Lower Sandusky, who was major-general of
the i jth division (). M., out of office, with a view of filling it himself,
(ieneral Hell was a most estimable gentleman and highly esteemed citi-
/en. but he sometimes appeared on parade with a straw hat on his head:
put on no style, and in iS^S. while the Canadian or patriot war was
raging, a lot ot arms were stolen out ot (Ieneral Bell's warehouse, in
Lower Sandusky. These two circumstances served (Ieneral Sea's pur-
pose, and he drew up charges against (Ieneral Hell for the purpose of
having him tried and court-martialed. He had his law partner. Mr.
Hall, to copy the charges, and they were sent to Ciovernor Shannon,
(lovernor Shannon thereupon caused the following order to be issued,.
which convened the most distinguished, august and talented military
men that ever formed a court-martialin Ohio, vi/ :
I'ANT (iKN'KHAL S OlT'lCK. I
Coi.rMr.rs. OHIO. February :>. Is44. \
A court-mart ial. t<> consist of seven persons, will assemble at the cit> of
Columbus, state of Ohio, on Monday, the H'th inst.. at in o'clock A. M.. for
the hearing and determining of charges preferred against Ma.jor-( ieneral
John P>ell. of the 17th division of Ohio militia.
The court will consist of:
Major-< ieneral John Snider, of t he 1st division, president .
Major-* ieneral ('. 1!. doddard. of the loth division, judge advocate.
Major-! ieneral deorgc Howe, of the 1:;th disisioii.
lrigadier-( ieneral M. V \Vade. of the :!d brigade. 1st division.
1 >i'igadier-( teneral ( t eoi'ge ( iepliart . of the 71 h division .
Prigadier-( ieneral Tiiomas Stockton: of the i!d brigade. 7th division.
I Jrigadier-deneral Sidnev Sea. of 1 he 1 7th division.
deneral \\'. F. Sanderson. pro\ ost marshal.
William Lang. Ksq.. assistanl marshal.
P,s order of WILS< >\ Sll A.\.\< ).\.
( 'ommandei--in-( 'liief ( Hiio Militia.
K. d ALK.
Ad.iutan1-( ieneral.
At tl'.e trial, which \va- held in the old I'nited Siate> court room, the
Hon. ( I u -;t a\ 11- Swan, as counsel for ( 1 enei al l!ell. obiectc<l to ( ieneral
I III 1:1 Nt li ANU t: VK.
Sra. anil .illf^n! that Sra h;m-rlt ii.ni <ir,iwn uj.
thrrrtorr i!;>'|uaiihr<t to M: ,in>l ti\ thr i .IM-. Wit
.uid thr la. I- . IraiU r>tahit>hr<l \!:.| V H a!!
>ra h.nl ilr.tuii thr charge-. .I'M hr I la'.'. !i.i<
( onrt. upon <lriihiT.it i on \\ :!ii<>v, Sra. < In nlo! th.it
thr MK'rtin.; oi the conrt ,i:ti-r <lmnrr. ih,> !.t< t wa-.
rr.il Sra h\ thr |>rr>iilnit. ani he \\.i- j/ohtrU i
hut thrl'r hr --.it an<l .illjwni h:m->rh [ In- HH.t<->
time. 1 1 < -! ;li rep I-M -(I t<> j<>. w hni ( iriu-r.ii ( io<i<l.
to takr ( iriirral Sr.i <uit ot thr r<ioin :'i^t.uitn I
tin
Sutiii r i: :<> -a\ that ( iriu-ral
a nn> to hr >!< ''.(Mi li'i >MI h: in.
\ o\v ( ir !!.: li s r.i \\ a> ,1 !' i:i'- i
prntrr. ,,! \ .;,';. r tou-i. !:;]..
t u i k \' . (.- n 1 1 1 i o \ r . i : h i i i 1 1 < i a . : .
Krn! '!< k \ . ,i iM .liter a'l a: >^<".i>
hr.uitilul hor>: lir < alir.l M.i/.-|.
not u'r! ail o! '. lir r->tatr th.at \\ .1
( ifii rral Sea,. \ lonj. s.ul. < ^\
l/rntrr ohtainri |M<l^:nri;: .i_.
i hattrl-. a \vr,; o! :, , \ ./.' w.i-, >
rrt'u>r<l to _;i'.r ><< urii\. ->ini;.'.\
37- HISTORY OK SK.NKCA COUNTY.
court house was crowded to overflowing during the trial, and on the
following niijht the brass band, with a large crowd of citi/ens, gave Gen-
eral Sea a serenade. Much sympathy was enlisted in his favor by this
time.
In iS4<S (ieneral Sea. with his family, moved to Milwaukee, Wiscon-
sin, since which time the writer has heard but little of him
He was a most wonderful combination of mental force: shrewd, cun-
ning, able, reckless, daring, crouching, vindictive, ambitious. An able
orator, a forcible advocate, but unsocial and cold. He was reckless in
his adventures, as well as in the abandonment of a good purpose.
I'ity lie loved an adventurous life's variety,
lie was so threat a loss to wod soeietv."
In the fall of 1X79. while Judge Watson was visiting his daughter,
Mrs. John I). Loomis, at Tiffin, he promised to write a short sketch of
his lite for publication in this book, but being very closely occupied
on the bench and his health tailing, the promise was never complied
with. The following is from the Tijjin Tribune of May 271)1, 1880, and
while it is very incomplete, it is perhaps the best that can now be ob-
tained as a substitute for a sketch of his life:
Cooper K. Watson died in Sandnsky.( )liio. Thursday. Ma\ I'dtli. issO.aged
about sevent) years, after an illness of several weeks. We take from the
S" iiiliixkii II' ijifth r the following obituary, and desire to add. that after he
moved to Norwalk. lie was elected a member of tin- constitutional conven-
tion :
" The deceased jurist was born in .Jefferson county. Kentucky, on the ISth
day of .June. Islu. and was therefore a month of reaching the full allotted
measure of man's life. In boyhood he was apprenticed toa merchant tailor,
and worked at his trade a short time.
lie turned his attention, however, to the law. soon after reaching man-
hood. He began his study at Newark, a IK I was admitted to the 1 tar at Colum-
bus. He practiced at Newark for two years, then moved to Delaware, where
he remained four years : tin n went to Marion, where he lived live years, four
of which lie served as prosecutor of the county. I Ie then mo veil to Fremont .
where he lived eight years. While a resident of Fremont he became an in-
timate friend ot the late Sardis l!erchard. an uncle and patron of President
It. 15. Hayes.
A bout l^.'.o he too|.; up his residence at Tillin. and in \*~>\ was the Free Soil
K. N. candidate for Compress, and was elected, lie entered the house of
representatives with John Sherman, and soon took rank as an ardent friend
of liberty, and an uncompromising foe of the slave power. lie was not re-
e|ect"il. and at the close o|' his term returned to the practice of the law.
In l^7o It" moved to Norwalk. where he remained until he made this cit\
lii> home in 1 S 7 (.
A !l Ih'HLili In- rliaiiiri'il hi- p!a< "! ii-M'I'-iM-r -'>':. i! IMIH--
I In- I'M MI; i .ink .1! tin- In: . a in I -i-ui . .| ii.>', mi j \ .IN i-\!--ii>:\ i- .
I In- "ciil i Ml p. i! 1 "I III'' -I it--. I 'ill .1 \\ MI- ! -pnl.il :> 1 1 .1- .
lau > i- 1 . In- pi a ;!'> i'\t '-m I m_' : !n .'iijtt'.'i! n-ii'.i.i! .in I u . -!:
tin- 'il-1 ri'-i ainl -npi ''Hi'- ruin I -.
I ii'i'i iiv ,i i in > hi- ua- i-ii-ar p-:ii\ i- .in- 1 n\ :n -in_' .in. I :
ti'iiM'l u il in -->-. iii"i '< I'-pi-t iali\ in i Timiiiiil I-.I-.I-OK- '.\.i-
c ---I u! ; i.. <TII -i'\aimm- in. -ill' a'. '-\ 1" ' i * \\ a- h>- -p. . i. ;
iliflii Inn I. -II hi- h.tii'l-> \\\\\\ 111-- ill- lui'i .ill' :i Ih.il 111.- l.iu\.-i
klli'U III"! i- I'l.lll lilt- il'i'-li'l.
In i In- pradi'-f ul i In- \.i\\ In- \\ ;IN nu r :'l!^ li.'!i-->! . :.n .ii .. : in- -in.i'1 li n-k>
"I III-' |iriili'--iiiii. ami I'M-I- ! i "in l!n- \ ifi-> \>\ \\\i\> !i \.\\\ . i - -j.nii a In a|- n..
I"iii-!\ ami p'.ii- up iii"iir\. I'lT-oiialU li<- \\.i- '.\.uiu n\ li:> 1 1 n-n.Uliip. -...-
rial'!'' a i i<l ' "iip.iiii"iial'l'- \\ i; li in- 1 1 ii-ii'i-. aii'l I"!' ran; "i li"ii--*t -I: !l-r i-in
"I 1 1 pi nil MI in i r! iiri"ii r p"! M i< -. 1 1 < \\ ,\~- -: IP -! liini>- ' i .IM. I .! him ! >iii-
i-i-ri; \ in "I in- 1 -. a IM I li i- IMI in --i i"--* :ii 1 !i:- i :: ti ! !! 'M in I" ,iMi: -h.iin-
, 1 1 ii | ilopi-M- h Illnlillu-.
\\ In-li in tin- t'llll \ l'_ r "l "I In- in 'ii! l p i'.\
lu-lH-li. ami ha. I In- IM-CII r!.-\a1 -'I 1" lln- i' -n 'I: U\.-iit\
"! lifi IIL; -rlil I" 1'iHiUI I--N. in- u "ii M uii'plr-t l"ll.tl'i > ii.i\ a! I ,r:;
i iiilji-ial h"ii. '!'-.
I n "in- a-p'-'-I in- i'.iii-i-r \\.i- a iripp. '-\iinp.'- : ;!n
liar. \\'liili- hf h.i'l LM'i-al nil 111 a: al'ilil '-. tin
In- ih'\"li"ii 1" hi- I kv !!' r.-.i'l - :i-I ml
1 \ . a IP I hi- la \\ ! i I '! u \ i - 1 '\ I.i ' 1 h'- '; n j -' .i'i i :n -
"I lln- -l.il'-.
II'' \\.i- u'li-alh ;i'liiiiii-'i i'\ -u -li IIP :i - -l'i ' . ti '
.Iihlur \\ rlrh. a!hl liii-l a '. .'is v.,i! in p i- ;ia', ! n .
a> U"\ i-rii'ii "!' (In' -la!'-. app"inl"'i h'ni 'u-L-.
I In- i|i-ai h "1 -I ii'iui- I .in.'.
In 1 - ;u !n- ma 1 i ii-'l M ;-- 'ai ' n - - I ' i .
him. II i" i\.-- !"iir .-hi! li'-n \l: -, ! I. M i a
in,'- \Villar. I. ..1 M"iM".- ML h:_'.,n . \l-
\\ ,il-"ii.'
HISTORY 01 SKM-X'A COUNTY.
K( >i;r.k i >',. I'l.XMNt; 1 1 >\,
OIK of the oldest lawyers in Tittin. was born in 1 >elaware county,
Penns\ Ivania, in Iteccmber. iSio. i)f (Junker parents, Joseph and Sarah
Pennington. who were also natives of the same state. He was a
descendant of Isaac 1'ennington. of Chaltort. Fngland, who. with
(ieoix r e Fox. 'I'lionKis Khvooil, Robert llarclay and William IVnn
founded the Society of Friends, in Fngland. about the middle of the
sixteenth cen tury.
One of Isaac's daughters. (lulielma. was the wife of \\'ilbam 1'enn.
and his son. F.dward Pennington, came with him to America and mar-
ried the daughter of Samuel Jennings, the then governor of New
Jersey, and from whom the Penningtons, of Pennsylvania and New
Jersey, were descended.
In 1X2^ Joseph 1'ennington and family removed to C.'avuga county.
New York, where they lived until the spring of 18^4, when they started
for the west, expecting to purchase land and settle in the reservation
in this county. They came to Huffalo by the New York and Frie
canal and then up the lake in the old steamboat Fnterprise, landing at
Huron, thence by wagons to Tiffin, arriving on the 24th of May. The
cholera breaking out in town, the people chiefly scattered to the
country, and the 1'ennington family took up <]uarters in the southeast
corner of (Tmton township, where Joseph 1'ennington soon after
bought a new farm, but subsequently pure hased other lands and settled
in liloom township, where the family resided many years.
In i<S;,7 Robert (' . 1'ennington entered the Huron Institute, at
Milan. Ohio, and after completing an academic course there, in the
fall of i.S^fj began the study of law with Abel Rawson. Fsq.. then the
principal lawyer in the county, having for a rooMi-mate and fellow-
student, John K. (iibson. a brilliant, noble young man. who died in
1X41. before admission to the bar.
Mr. K. <i. 1'ennington was admitted to the bar in the spring of [842,
at Columbia. Ohio, in a class with Jesse Stem. Kdward Smith. Homer
K,\ erett and < leo. W. Thompson, and commenced and continued the part
ner>lup with Mr. Raw>on until the latter retired trom active business
In February. 1^42, Mr. 1'ennington married ('aroline ('. Kuhn.
daughter of ('aptain Joseph I.. Kuhn. late of the I'nited Slates navy,
and _ r '~a')d daughter ot Lewis ('hadwick Iiar_;ru<e. llriti^h consul iren
cral of tin- ]'ialeari< island, belonging \ Sjiain. and who \va-> born at
Port Mahon. on llie inland Menen i. one of the group, in 1X21.
I'hree da\iL'hter> are the truit ot this union: I'.uyenia Haix r race. wife
I Ml III \> If \N!> I. UV
<>! \hnoM 1 1 ill. I'.-; . of T,.!r,l,). ( h;o. ( '.iroi;n
Strele. Hi \\'\ )inin_- '! '. ,'.o! \ . and 1 .i'ii>.i Xlin
M. IVnn; !i_:< in !. i> re-.ded \<\ l';t!i:i r.ir !o:
.> - 5
[0:1. \\ R
^!\ell HUH ll <! !):> IIUM1!- lild 1 1 ! < ' P. ' . .
^rowth .uiil pi "' >-] '<! : ' \ n; 1 Hi!; \tn>>:
and Mi.ni'ii.K 11111114 :ntrn-^t->, .n uh.< :i In
huliiiT. In i">| 7. ^ th He 11;. 1 1 n >n li'(u
SctH't a iniiJit) ii.ink. ihr f;t -I lnnk .
.i^liiri'. lie .I!MI, \\iili l.ilu.in! (iv\\h
tiiiii ihr (i.i^ I :^h; ( \\\\>.\\\\ <>} I ;tl
- it- nr-i
t> > 'pel a
ir-. \v a- it-
1; iS^o In- w.i^tlu- pi i-sitlnitial i-ln t >r inr tin-. in.;ri---.:uu.il f!i-
irii I. .mil tiink. .in .K ti\r (i.irt "ii the -[iiin|' in tin- < ,ui\.t^ .tin! < .i-t h;.
\ol(. tor |. ('. I'lvmont tor pri'^idrnt.
llr \\.i^ iVoni tiiiu- to tiiin- i .uiiiiil.itf o! h:-, |i.ir:\ tor -,. \ci.i! pl.u r> oi
tru--t ,uiii honoi . .unon^^t u ln< !i \\ r re t ho-.r oi rcj >i i->fiit.t: i\ c tor ;!H' ^t.itc
K-Lli^i.itmv .uni ini-inbcr \ tin- iair roii^f iJMtion.il i o:i\ t-ntiou. In. ill
thc^i (,i>r> IK \\.i--unaliU- to o\ciioinc :!H- !.i!_:r 1 '< :r,oi r.it;i in.non
tie- : n the i OHM; \ .uii 1 i !i-t i'ii :
hi 1 Sd I . -It t he 1 U'e.lk 11U out ol ' !;. \V .11 .
interest in tlie |>enU th.it ilire.iti'iieil the . :< oi the n.iS
CololH'] I ee. M.U..I hew.ll;. .U.^.H.. !
,;i ( i .in j i.l II lei i the 1'1'^.niellt to the iicii! ,l> .'- ; ' : .1! t ' I 111 i
lit \\.l- Iil.lde .idl'lt.tn; uellet.ii op. ;|ir -t.ll! oi ii:.er.i!
.lite! .1 >er\ ' :i e o| t \\ 1 1 \ e.H'>. t e->; u;!lei 1 " >!i a. i . r ; i ; . .; '..il
he. nil 1 lie returned to hi-, pi ote->:on. iit;,k ;u .in-i r;
suftVrini: vrr\ >e\eiel\ ;n ln> tin.i n e> \>\ 'he n , .. - . '\\ -
leu \ ear-.
\- a !a\\\ei lie ;> .I liettel pie.tde! '!:.l!i .[':: li
^enlleinan!\ and polite. < onr!ro'i> ain! lr:<'i;<i'.\ \
and l)n-ine>- ] M a 1 ', n i a i : < > n - . 1 1 e i - a ^ i e a t > ; ' ; d e n :
ot tlie day. a < !ear tliinkei and pin!o>md iea-.>
i \ e r iine-ti^a'ed I I - ' r : ' n i ! > h : p : \\ a ; i p a i -
In .in: \ ot ir - " make up ' ' t.n ' :ha' !
h i n i - e ! t '. - u e i i a - to o ! ! i , - r .
J-() HISTORY 01 sKNI.CA COUNTY.
the office of L. A. 11 all. and was admitted to practice in iS^j. In 18^7
he \vas elected judge of the court of common pleas. In 1858 the office
of district attorney ot the I nited States was tendered him. which he
declined. He was the < piartermaster of the loist regiment ( ). Y. L,
and alter serving two years returned to his profession. In 1874 he was
the I )emocratic candidate tor congress in this district and was beaten by
onlv i }9 votes. He was a delegate to the Democratic national con-
vention at St. Louis. He is the author of Seney's ('ode," and is a
successful practitioner and an able and forcible advocate.
My venerable and distinguished old friend, the lion, lames 1'urdv.
the veteran lawyer of Mansfield. Ohio, who is the only survivor of that
pioneer band ot lasvvers that attended the sittings oi the first courts in
Seneca county, was kind enough to furnish the writer a few anecdotes
and descriptions ot a tew scenes in connection with the practice in
those earls days, but it took some urging to induce Major I'urdy i as he
is familiarly called) to do so. finalls he penned, for the use of the
writer, the following:
M.\N>I-'II-:U). Mas ]. isso.
IT. Lnny. />/. :
I >K s i; si i; At 1 1 if a^e of >7 | retain s is idls in m.s me mo is amusing anec-
dotes of the liar in those earls das s. a fess .pecimens of sshich 1 give, that
sdiimas.it sou desire, incorporate in proper language in sour histors of
Seneca counts .
In those dass each circuit had a president judge a lawser and in each
counts there svere three associate judges country u'entlemen. The lasvyers
called tliis the " Demarara team." A sailor ssas lined, and as he stepped up
to the clerk to pay. said he hoped the Demarara learn s\ as now sat islied.
lie s\ as asked to explain. s\ hen he said: " In 1 he Inland of Demarara a team
is composed of three mules and a jackass."
Some of the members of flic liar traveled the circuit svil h 1 he judge. This,
the s< nd circuit, ssas composed of the counties of Hichland. Huron. San-
dusks. Seneca, t 'rau ford. Marion and Wood, the latter Ix-iny; organi/ed in
the svinter of !>_!:; \. The members of the liar that traseled svilh -Indue
Lane svere: 1'arMi.of Columbus. 1'unls. 1'arker. Mas and ( 'ollinbens . of
Maiislield. and l!o!t. of Noisvalk. All tlie^e practiced in Seneca eoii'its.
The 1 ss o iir>: named handled Ihe whole ciicuii. except Wood counts, \\hich
\\ as then inaccessible on horseback a urea t portion of t lie year. That counl s
was reached bs Ihe members of the bar of \oi \\alk I is sail-boals from >an-
diisks Cds. 'I'liese circuit i/ers svere call>-d . Indue Lane's gang." 'I'he\
traveled on hor.seliack. and in the >priii'j lerm had miidds roads and deep
^treanis to fo;d. soniet itne-> nearls covering their liorses. often affording
ainu-.inu iii'-iilents. ( 'ollinbcrrs . Mas. I'arker and ms>e|f left Tillin for
Ncs. Ilaseii one das on the then traseled mad. Ts\o well-io-do farmers on
ttiat roail had a suit tried at that term. I'urds for plaintiff ami < ollinherrs
lor the defendant. Contrars to his usual practice. Coflinberrs abused tlie
Ill) 1:1 N< H \M ' I-.AK.
plaintilt ptT-mial!\ . >i\ iiiilf-i'Ut tin \ t'miml a l-iam h nl \l<>< k\ ni-k mmi-
I han mid -i'l.- dt-f 1 1 tn 1 1 if 1 1 In i] -f- ami > -\ 1 1!<>\\ in-.,' it - hank - < -iitinl.-i i \
ha\ MIL,' In-fit a -allnr in hi- da\ . dff tin d U |.| i nli- nt ! In ad up -t I . am ami
making allnuam .- tm In- \\a\ . -^.it mil '! tin mail am! i.m In- I.m,, .14.1111-!
a ti>-m- u hirh ua- m\ iTt-d u i;h \\ati-i: hi-hm-.- MidTmn. !!! tin- .nil
limkf. Ild'-l. -addlf and -addlt I -a;,'- \\.-li! n\f| In- In-ad MI!-, tin- \satf| II.
U r i>t mi! a- lif-t In- i-mild ami tin- jmirin-) \\a- !>---uiin'd. \\ i- ti-a< Ind tin-
main -! i i-am. \\ hii-h ua- i mi-idiT.-d Inn d.-i-|. ;.. \.ntuu aim-- that da\ .
llfi'f tin- plaintitl lf-ldfd. In -mill nli tin- ntln I -idf ua- tin- if>nifii' f n|
tin- dt-tfiidaiil. Tin- '_'am_' dft.-iniimd In a-k th, In i-pital it \ .-I (In- plaintl!!.
lull t 'i'llilil'1-n A \ i- In-im-nt 1\ pmtf-li-d. .luduf < laik. ihi- |.!.nnlllt. limit
rlifi-rt 'nils ift-fi\fd u-. tnnk < otlml'fin mtn a i.n.in ami -a\f him a -uit nl
dr\ I'lnlhf-. tivatiiiLr him mmi- kimil\ than tin- n--t nt u- and umiJd mil |>i-i
mit him In apnl,iLM/r.
Thf> li-tl Tilliu Inr Nm \\ alk mi ^umla\ nimniii-j uiih .lu-iu. I. am-, iml
rt-arht-d " >: inim'> ridu'i- " ami " Mrmm'> la\ ! n." t in-d. hun^i \ and t hn -t \
'I'ln- tainilv \\a~- ali-fiit . and tin- hmi-f t-|n-i-d. Tln-\ \\.-n! in tin- Lain
\sln-ri- thf\ tmind nat- and tfd lln-n IP >!.. 'I'ln-n !ln-\ -ji-i :nl> tin- hmi^-
and inln Aunt Mul!\ V riiplmartl. \sln'if !ln\ Inimd |i|i-ni\ .it -^ i. iii-h
liakfd hifad. lii-i-iilt-. jiji-- ami all lifff--ai \ a- i nmpa i; ,un ii!- 1m a _'mid
dinm-i. n! \\liit-h tln-\ hraitih pailn,,)... '| In- l>ai \\.t- I" kid ai-<> l.iit tin-
i-iintflit- n| a lin'tllf thai had tin- a \<\ n-a i a m -t- nl hiamU attiai l.-d tln-M att.-n
t it Hi. \\ it h t In- tmi--. ! hi mi- 1 1 a In ih- MI tin- u iml.'U . tin \ . ,.ii-_'ht tin -l.-i an
tiT h\ tin- I in/ /If and | m ili -t I l! In tin- > tj.fiiiliu. ^ In l tin- i hit -I \ f u-Imn.-! -
\\t-n- ai-rnmnmdati-il. Il \\.i- i-mpt ifd. l.ia\Mm in tin- l-.u d-mlil.- tin-
ainniiiil nl lln- u-na! rhaiui-. lln-\ r|n-i-d lln hmi-f liimi!il<-.| ami Vlt. I ln->
-i inn IIP- l M i . *! i nii^ and lad \ ft MII ili L: limn rhui > h \-. . |iiM a niimi-i i .-!
I 1 n-inl- In p,n takt- i >t Aunt \l"i ! \ - n h d mm \s h . . ' m-v had 't;-| . , .),
-iiim-d. 'I'hfV ifll tin- -Ind-i- In aimln-i/f a- l.f-t In-. '.'IP
u a > .
I'm 1 Kail, mi tin- \\ t--l -idf -.1 lln- i i\ t- 1 had li.-.-i
- -m i n | \ -i -at and tai if d : n Mi-f 1 1 m- nt '. \ ! ln-i t- \v t 1 1- 1 1 1 -|ii< ;.t - . -,,- : , ,\ , i >|,.^ )
; \\i-i-n fit i/i-n- nt tin- l\\.i pi at -I--. Mi. 1 1. .!_;- Im . | , - r M.i'i aii-i . -MH
'hi IP-I I 1 In -l l i ntf rt- -t -. \ in- jail v. a- I HI ;il M. I'l tlin . .11 \ -\ a - ' I : a \ ! \
in-a\ > pi i- 1 -f n| I iniltt-i . lif \\ fil. 'I'hf 1'inpi n-im ,,] | , ,; | ; , . -.ilj i,ami
-nun- man and lull .] nn-n'.i- I'ui-h had In-.-n
during a t>-i in nl rmn t . I '.n ; -I i >niiin d- -I a -
had him imp! i -ni n-- 1 I If i ai-f d I !n- !n- a\ -.
pii-fc-.. and inailf hi-- \v a\ >ln\\ n -i i f ' I I 'a: I. 'in a
hf u'ni mit nt pi :-. m. I ! an-u. :.! I :
n, fin -.' I 'a i i >h . 1 1 ai ii i n-j : In- 1 a- t - d ' -m: -- ! : ' -
MI- ml.f l - n| i in hai pla\ - d t a;d
-niiifl inif - \^ i-n- ilidii-t'-tl I". : In- -aim MM :
-\\ nl n tn ! IA a .-a-f in u hii h I'.i 1 : -
lp-\ . ,\| : . -M-.I Ml!-'! nipt'-d I'll .Mlf- .11:
Mi cm II 1 . a-.l M l -t 'A i ;' 'Ui .in ! !id : ' : in '
-rantfd. Hf - all- d Mi. I'.u i-h :--
rmil.iMii ii 1 -;' i u n i-mmt - !! uaini '' ' 1 1_'
In i MIC c i Mint . \\ h i.'h In- -a '-I \\ .i- a _ lit i
}7'^ HISTORY or SK.NKCA COUNTY.
the other lie plead " not guilty." and said, "thatd <1 shoemaker's game. I
ii-v'r play." Sea formerly was a shoemaker by trade.
.F. I5o\d.a farmer and early pioneer on Honey creek, boxed a young fel-
low's ears at a log rolling, for which lie was indicted. \Villiam Clark, also
an earl) pioneer and a tanner, had an old fashioned list iciiff with a neighbor.
for which he was indicted also. Their t rial sea me on at t he same term : each
determined to defend himself. Mr. liovd's ease was first heard. The wit-
nesses were examined and the prosecuting attorney addressed the jur\.
I'ncle .limni). although a very intelligent man. found himself very much
embarrassed in examining the witnesses, and his speech in defence was a
failure. He sat down discomfited. ( ). Parish volunteered to reply on behalf
of the state, and scared him severel) . He was found guilty and lined s.~>.oo.
the ordinary charge in such cases at thai time.
I'ncle Bill\ was intelligent and had practiced in justice's courts, besides
he was naturally shrewd. His case came on. In examining the witnesses,
he did well. The prosecuting attorney made a short speech intending to
give Parish full space to reply to I'ncle Hilly. The jud^e said. " Mr. Clark,
do yon wish to address the jury?" Having tin- fear of Parish before his
eyes, he answered : " No. your Honor, that little speech is not worthy of an
answer." Parish was disappointed, being cut off in this manner.
A la rye portion of the early pioneers of Seneca count \ emigrated from New
York. In that state grand jurors receive no pay. The sheriff selected them
from the most independent free-holders, who could afford to spend their
time and money. They organized and adopted certain rules for their gov-
ernment. For absence at roll call the\ were lined a bottle of brandy. The
Seneca counts grand jur> adopted the same rule, and the full bottle was
always on the table. .Ind^e Lane was notified of the rule, gave the tyrand
jur\ a blowing up. ordered its repeal, and the practice discontinued.
Now these things were quite amusing to us. but whether the present gen-
eration \\ill take any interest in them is for you to judge.
Very respeetfull) \ ours. etc..
J. I'l'HDV.
Another case, in !act. one ot the lirst jury cases in our common
pleas court, should also lie remembered. It was the case of Ilennett
against Knight for false imprisonment. The plaintiff had been ar-
raigned before Knight as a justice of the peace, for stealing calves, and
was by him sent to prison. Parish tor plaintill, Purdy for defendant.
In lii^ argument. Parish regretted that he had claimed in his declara-
tion but S^oo. The small room in which court was held wa~- denselv
( rowdcd. A wag called out, " It the Picnnetts can make ^oo stealing
calves they had better <]iiit the h<g business." The judge could not
find the disturber in the crowd, and the contempt ot court was neces
>aril\ left unpunished.
About two month-- bctore the death ot Mr. l\;'Wsoii. he visited tin-
writer and requested him to insert in the historv of Seneca < ounty--
if he should ever write one -the writer's response to a toast at a bar
>7>
mrctmi,'. held in tlu- Sh.iuh.m Hmix-. nn ilu- fVfjiin.; "I tlic ',:th ol
NI n c. m! n : , iX;^. I hf nirrtMi^ v\.i^ .in c\i i-nlin^h pif.i>.int .m.i:r.
Tln-rc i> iin tncril in tin.- p'u't\. .i:;il nullr.i:^ 1ml ;nv ti-^pi-.! tor \li
l\.iu-on'- !- ,i:c>t .in .iittiln^i r lui thr '.:.} .'. :.ikc> here
T!ii- alio\ i- ioaM . i finl ;it i In' l.tu v i'i ''- If M ! v ;il . i >ii ! In- >-\ i-n i m_ r >t I hi- ;;m 1 1
ami a--iL'llfil In .linl^c U'illlalll I .a liu'. ( a I !f 1 1 .-111 I tlf t n||ou i Hi,' p.M't ji-;il /. 14
<T. >/,,,- 1 1 MIII t lir .1 mli:f :
\\ ' 1 ii-n \ nlnai m i i H U \\ il 1 1 f pit lir! -. 1 111 \ i- i Inn i-
Ami ^pi-iil I'll n> tin ir la-^i i>t ciiiiiiiiHii Inn;
\\ licll prt>. >tll!r^llli'li . \\;irrii>r^. mn- HIM! all.
lla\c inn llirii ci>nr>f i>n tln^ IITI i->t i ia! l>all.
'1'lif t'anir ot' Titling LTI'TII IMLT kniirlil^ ^liall ^taml.
( 'oinpariiiLT ui'll \silli an\ in lln- lainl.
Thrrf'> -I"lin -I. Slfim-r. and uiir lirnllici Si'i>ti.
Thr ti'inuT iiu\\ ciijii\-~a 1'ai'iin-r'^ lul.
'1'lic lallrr. dim nidi |i\ Katf ami I'npj.r- Iniir.
lla> Icll llic fiirtli ami nii>\fil in lii>iif\ iiiixin.
I'lfcun^f. l'u|- la\\ tit- iir\ci raifil a I't-alln-r.
>l I I l|'| ||C U fill \V il I I I I l\ f . >l|l If -N. Ill II I I * ill II I ll'lll llf |
\\ lit-iif \ fi \c in Ini^iiif^^ ri'iin^fl iifi-il.
( >r in-fil aim! lu-i in > "in i-an^c li i pit-ail .
A in! \ f in ni>ti nl> . a i nl t-hai _;! il \\ it li cniiif .
A ii' I > ( A In )>! rn-il ill ir^ IP i |ii i i>t- i ii i li\ nif
('an ^ni'llif; ami > ulnf ilt-liim 1 - -i iililmi n U-,
1 'l ' i\ lilf 1 1 \ ( HI ill S\ ll\ < ri'lllf \\ il li il Iff.
1 1 f if I !au ^i'ii li\ f >. ami \\ ill -M MI . I'i !l;n >. \< < i
.|i ihn^i in anil ^li-in. llall. ^t- m- \ . I .amai f an \ .
Nulilf . i 'nmiM-. I lil.liiif. (.1 iiliili. Ikt- .
S;i\ in '1 1 1 i ii'_r "!' t he >t- IT n mi It- l.iu \ f r I'ikf :
UtTf'^ \\ 'iUmi. \\liiiniiff prtiM-i'iilnr. latf.
\\ a> i lm>f n uiir n\\ n ^t- naii M ! -I ;!:
Ainl lif \\liii iiiiifli aliniimU in \\nj-iU anil Inn
< >| i fiit|\ ad ion. 'I'. < '. Turn-' m;
llfif"-^ .loli i in \ I '.i \ i if. 1 1 if man \\!P> li\ iht- \>\
\\ a> 1 1- |M f^f nliit i\ f m-ar -:\ Ii-fl liiu'lr.
Ami I .i i in Ion. I .f f. u lio al\\ a\ > |.-i a -M>IIU'
\\ i ! i n i a k i \\ i o n - i i L.' 1 1 1 . . 1 1 i ' I i ' 1 1 a n _'i i i _; 1 i ! : 1 1 ' i \\ i . 1 1 1 -.;
( 1 1 n 1 1 1 1 "'I f 1 1 1 .1 o 1 1 n "> 1 1 1 ! 1 1 1 a 1 1 ' 1 > 1 1 1 !\ n i \ \\ . t
I 'ill. n-. Miirtin. I Iftlu'i--. \\ li" :l"'\ -a\
II. i, Ii It III.- lau Iln huli. '
\ ml :'oiif a>l i a\ . \\ il li inoiif \
I ', it If I -on. I'l'.i n -I'll . at la -' ii.>: '. .,
Tin- 1 f '- n" "' !i ni. in a- \\ f 1 , . 1 1 "in \\ -:
\\ lull ,.n lln- l.t-m-li "t I..-..].:. - |.'..|..iti'- f..'i:!
3X0 HISTORY 01 SKNKCA COUNTY.
Sits our esteemed and worthy -John K. Ilord:
Kobert <. Peiiniiiii'ton. piuir fellow. ;r<>ne
To see the railroad matters all alone:
And (ilison so agreed amon.u' tin* fjods.
Is treasurer of state by many odds.
Let satire scoff, and wicked critics frown.
There's no sncli iralaxy from congress down !
Represented well in every station.
Look first to the counsel of the nation.
Then to the ollicers of state then see
The senate's chairman one of us was lie;
And in the lower house, our N'olile sat.
While we at home supplied the bench at that:
Made school directors, and encouraged science.
Turned stumpers and set statesmen at deliance;
I'racticed philanthropy in Christian meekness.
Made money, too. from other people's weakness.
Attended fail's and studied agriculture.
In short, watched everything from pink to vulture.
brethren, let us stand together.
> rass; in adverse, stormy weather:
Now push about the social Mowing bowl.
Drink liistv draughts, fraternal How of soul.
And may he now. and ever lie a beast.
Who feels no joy in this fraternal feast.
A nd one and all. take counsel, be advised.
ll\ no temptat ion let us be ent iced
To lose the secret of this earthly life.
So full of blessings, full of peace and strife:
Ma\ each and e\er> noble, honest heart
P>e trill) man. and braveh act his part:
And when we've finished even case below.
When nature's law shall bid us hence to -o.
To meet the .ludu'e of nations at the bar
Of Hist ribunal in the world afar:
Ma> each in peace, prepared to close the race.
Make .mi himself a u'oo I. conclusive case.
f every lawyer then in Seneca <nmu\
except the writer's.
\\ as !>orn in 1 ,11 /.erne county. Pennsylvania. I une ; 4. i .S _>o. 1 1 is lather's
name was \\"illiam Noble, and hi-- mother's maiden name Rebcci a
I.vtle. The parents moved to Wayne counts, ' )hlo. when (hey had
three little children, and located in Salt ('reek township, some ten
miles east ot Wooster. In 1^4 the family moved to Medina countv.
I HI ]:t \< II \M> It \1-
ulnie lather Nnl.ie h.it! Inm-h: .1 tarn: H< h\ed then- .ill
\rar-. uhen In- -old the 'arm. and takin..' \\:th li;in hi- n!de-t -<-i
tii l.n k-< >n tu n-,h; |>, \v here he had |>r e\ -.nil :\ ii'i-ii-i! i - air
l)':i!r .1 -in. ill r.il>:n MJUMI :t. '1 hen lu- re!i;nn-d ;.>: ;!.<- !.nu
l>r iLlht them, line .:i lS;i, The .lli.Il |.n,\ed !> In ..,. -mai
!a: _c a lain ; I\ . ar.i I - -me i '! the 1" >\ - li.iti l - '< i | i: ' . u .i_ r i M
a :n it her adii nniiiL; ' al'.r, t i'i!t 1 in- t < ij; -'.!"':< '<! I '. \ ih; - .JIM ' h
nine -> MI- and DIH- ila?;^h!t-r. 1 lie da-uli'i-i. \la:\. - T In- \\; ti-
ll .- r . < > n i i > i ; 1 u j i < - < i ; ; i 1 1 n n t \ t < < 1 1 : 1 1 1 : - - < > i n i - ' '
art -till li\ ;n- the -nl-if t nl th:- -ki-!( h. \S an en l'< r : \ \ ' ! . 1 1
\"!>!r. the |>!V-riit inavnr <>| litlui. ('aplain \I "I: 1 .- 'M.<-r \ \ >i
I ' >!M; N ' >1 !:<. i ii-rk i >' tin- c " Hirt in ( !a\ t i iun'. \ . K an -.i~
\\arn-n 1'. li\nl \\nli lii- latlu-r <M! :l.i- iaiin. ai.-i a- lie _MV
l)D\ fi 1. n < r;\ rd -in h - hot >! nlin at n MI a- :!.< < -initi \ a :;!'
nat'ii'i IKK! rii(l<>\vr<l h:in u: ill a ^'"nl pl:\ -;i jin-. u::': a inn
a\t-r.ur anifini <>l luain. aini alni\i- all. \\ith a -jiirit t>! :;n!i:-:
[IT -f\ iT.im i' ; ha! kiit-\\ in i ! ; nn.;. 1 I r .i] ] '. ;< t i !: :iii-i-'i! ',> > 1
atni \\a- -DIM) rnaliii-i! to Ic.n h -. hinii m tin 1,1 : _ 1.1 n >r!n >t >il .; h
finlirai :n_; I t-tnr:a. Mr. |nhn I awrnn r. 11^:: ( har'ir- l-t-!i
1 a< ' '! ' ( a] iic-. ! 'ill : ",- \ . 1 1 MIC-. \\ r| c .us. 'i M; _ ) -i !. '!a: -. .ill" i
\\ In > h a\ t- a l-i i l>o t >un- cin iin-nt in I:'' 1 In I i-l<i u.tr \ . i N.;. 1 . hi-
tin- !a\v I'ttnc t>l Kaw->Mi ami I't-nniii^!i m. i': I ;l!:n. ami :: i *
.:ilni/i!rd t" tin- bar. i nun that I:nn tn thi- ilay In- lia- t.t
apphn 1 h iin-rll t< i tin- j>r.n tit r.
In 1*47. iMi tin- i;t!i da\ nl \u^n-l. In- inann-d \la:\ 1 .
da'.i_'htt-r . >l Mr. 1. Sin-rr. i>t' 'I'ltlin. Mi-, \ol.ic tin-tl ..
Mar.!:. iS;-. K-avin.- Mr. Nol.U- with thivi- little . hii.'.r. i
uirl- and a liahv 1><>\ Imt a te\v da\ - nld. 1 1 f r a. M-. ! ami ''i".. .1
i hildn-ii, and tin- Liirl- arc linth married. I'M lie :- Mr- \\
I'.ate-. nl I >a\ tun. < thin. Mar\ I '.lien i- Mr-, via- \\ . ( Iralt. n
'I it n. ( (hi..: \\ arren I re.ietn k. tin -..i:. - a -rad<:a'. ..' '! e t :.
}82 HISTORY OK SKNKCA COUNTY.
re-elected in iS^o. serving tour years, except a short time before the
expiration of his term, when lie resigned. In 1860 he was elected to
the thirty-seventh congress over Judge Carey, the Whig candidate for
his second term, and was re-elected to the thirty-eighth congress over
judge \Vooster, of Norwalk. who was his colleague in the previous term,
having been thrown into this district by the change of districts prior to
the election. Mr. Noble was a war Democrat, and served as such dur-
ing the war to March 4th. 1865.
He was one of the trustees of the ( >hio state universitv for ten years,
having been first appointed by (iovernor Hayes. After the death of
lohn T. Huss and the failure of the First National bank in Titiin. Mr.
Noble was appointed as its receiver. He settled claims against the
institution, amounting to $240,000, paying sixty cents on the dollar, and
settled up the concern with the least litigation and in the shortest time
of any bank that failed since the inauguration of the present banking
system. He has been the president of the Commercial bank ever since
it started, in June. 1876. and is the president also of the Tiffin Mutual
Aid association, and a member ol the Tirtin board of education. Dur-
ing the construction ot the Baltimore and ()hio and the Mansfield and
Cold Water railroads, he took a verv active part, as he always did in
all public enterprises.
Mr. Noble owes his great success in life to that indomitable industry,
integrity and perseverance that have marked his whole life from his
boyhood.
WILLIAM 11. l,ll',s(>\
Was born in < )hio. May i(>th. 1X22. and soon thereafter his parents
moved to Seneca county, in the same year. His paternal grandparents
were from Ireland, and his maternal grandparents from Wales. He was
reared on a farm on Honey creek, in Kden. and worked with his
father, lohn (iibson. at the carpenter trade. After he had attended the
< ninmon schools, he attended one year at the Ashland academy. lie
re, id law in Tiffin in the oth< e ol Rawson \' I'ennington. and was
admitted to the bar in 1845. He was the Whig candidate tor attorney
irenrral in i8;^.but was defeated. He was elected treasurer of >.tate in
18;^. and r<"-igned in 1*57. lie entered the army as colonel of the
4()th < ). V I . in i .so i. and commanded a brigade and division of the
armv of the Cumberland, leading his < ommand in forty two conflicts.
He 'eft the army with the rank ot brigadier general, and resumed the
practice of the law in Tittin. 1 1 e- < jtiit the practice in i 87 j. and applied
himsel! vcr\ industriously to railroad enterprises. He bore a very con
spi< ii'uis part in all the political campaigns i ver sine e the organi/ation
i UK 1^ St II \Nli I: AK. j.S >
ol' the Republii .in parts. He is .in orator o! no ordmarv <ahbie. .nnl
during tlu- past two \ear^ he prea< hcd under a In nise in tlu- M 1
< hurt h. \\ lu-n I ios ernor 1 o^tt-i wa-. inaugurated ^o\ cm or oi ( MHO on
the se( ond Monda\ in |anuar\ List, tinier. ti (iibson w. is appointed
;uliutunl "cnera! oi ' Miio. ssh.i h oUn e he holiU to tin- d,t\
Was horn M a\ Nth. i S.j c , \\\ I lope we 1 1 township. s enei a i ouiil\ . >hi>
He graduated al Heidcller^ i olle^e tn \^'<i,. was admitted to 'he !>.ii
in iS; i , and i> now the jirosenit in^ attorney ot the > oi:nt\ .
\ M > 1 1 N i ! . \< i u i K
\\'as liorn in \\ a->hiiiL;ton (ount\. \Iarvland. >i-pteinlie! i;;h. i^^.v
^ratluated at Heidelberg in i .S;; ^ ; wa^ admitted to t he | .rai !i< e n i S; S.
and iinmediatei) located in 'I itln,.
i \ i i i ; K H i i 1 1 ; i 1 1 1 1 1 i \ i
\\ .IN born i >i tober Stli. i ( \<>. in llioom township, ^i n :^\ . il;
I U i> the ->e\ i-nti -enth i hi Id >\ i. im . !\ oi , ,-ji 1 1 , - w t^
admitteii to prartii e ia\\ :n i -> ; i ! |A 7.i ''<' 'ii!e<
with nun h ab:ht\. I pon ;he i.i.lu:-- ot '.}i.^ eii: iji:.-e. !. levinied !<
the pra< 'i e. 'I r.n in_u ba< N hi- t.uniiv re. onl lie bet ainc - .1: -:ied tli.i*
the tanni\ name ,^ \\< >ttal.
ii ill N M \ I I M
\\ UN burn in ( 'oluml>iana ( oiin' \ , i )li;o. I e( rniltei i t h. i > ;.} i I \s i >
edu< ated at the nni\er>it\ at helaware. \\here he implied hi-. < o'.ir i % 'n
1X51;. I Ie .i> admitted to the bar ;n i.S'i . v\ lien he i aied n I !ti;i.
lie wa-. elcc ted pro>eiuun^ a'tom.-\ :n i '';;. .nn! ! ..!!;ii
\ ear-.. He wa-. ele( ted a me mli'l <>\ : lie ia!e ' ' >'!-; :' 'It ;.
to till the \ii< .im \ reated b\ the d, alh o! 1 >i t ) ( '..jino In < . ;,,|
i NII. he was elei ted ind^e ' >' tin
HISTORY OF SKNK.CA COCNTY.
Was born in Wyoming county, Pennsylvania. March ist, 1 84X1 came t<
Tittm in 1X70. and was admitted to the liar in 1X72.
\\ as born August lOtli. 1X4^. in Allegheny count}', Maryland. He is a
graduate oi Heidelberg college, and was admitted to practice law in
I >eceml>cr. i Xdq.
H. i . KKIM'KI.
\\'a- horn in Hopewcll township, March _'oth, 1X47. He is a graduate
of Heidelberg college, and was admitted to practice law in 1X72. and is
now ot the law firm of II. ('. .V (.. 1!. Kepple: was married at Indian
apolis to-day, lune j<)th. iSSo.
i. 11. iTi [KNCKR
U'as born December lotli. iSj.S. in Frederick county, Maryland: came
to 'Tiffin with his father's family in 1X^0: was admitted to practice law
in iX^c. and for very many years was, and now is, ot the law firm ot
Hall \- I'ittenger.
Kl'sll AlilKVI I
M-'TTIK CRoXlSK AMi KI.( ) RKN'CK CRON'ISK,
Sisters, and graduates of Heidelberg, natives of 'Tiffin, some six year.->
ago were admitted to practice law: probably the first ladies in Ohio
that entered the legal profession. 'The} are both in the practice now.
One i- practicing by herself, without a partner, and the other is in
partnership with another lawver.
Ainonu ihr very man}' remarkable things already related about
Tittm and Sen<-< a < oiinty. the most remarkable of all is the fact, that
here :n I ilfm. t \\ o 1 iw\'ei"s married each olliei". and are now raising two
mosi lovel} little daughters about three and four years old. I .el any
oilier !o\\n in the I nitcd States sav tlie like.
( 'le\ eland ( oininenial in-titute. lie \\a- u-!irr in I'll'-; N .ii'inn.i; !>ank.
ic. nl law in hi- lather'- i ittn e. ami ua- idmitted {n j.r.n tii f ;n I s ;;.
\vln-n lu- bei anir the law par'.iHT <>l hi- lathiT.
1> tin- -on ii! Auu'i-iu- and 1 itti.i S< liuart/. ami wa- !irn in Au-!;n.
Trxa-. NI i\ rnilirr i. i ^5 .\. Ilis tiintlHT i- .1 Ma--'>nv, hn>i- ta:h.rr'>
family wen- annum tlic early -rttK-r> in I 1 < >\ n-u <!!. aii'i i anu- troin I'.c!
^luin. >hi' ui-nt witli tlir lain;l\ i>! lo^r >'.rni IMMH hrrv tn I r\a-.
wlu-rr Strni \va> Iiuiian a^nit. am! ulirir lie ua- k.iifil \>\ ."im- Im!:aii..
|ohn \'>. S< huar;/ \va- ailniittfii tn tin.- l>ar in i ">;<) am! 1m atnl :n Tittin.
\\ a-^ 1 m rn in N rw N i >rk i it \' in N m rinl u-i . i ->^M . \\ a> adm :!!nl i*\ jirai
tier in Man-field, 1 iliin. |:il\ jn, 1^71;. ami -eltied :n I ittin -nnti there
alter.
II. i . N 1 . 1 ! I I I
\\ a- 1 n 'i n lanuai A 21. i S;f>. in Ihnni] . >n l< >\\ n -1; ;[. :n : h . > > .:!:; \ . anil
wa-. admitted tn the ! MI I nin- .-. i S.s \ a; tlie -uj >i> ir.e * ; i : ;: > li-iiili::^.
lie i n i a t e d ill I , 1 1 1 II 1 II 1 1 1 H ' d 1 .1 1 e 1 \ t 1 i e I ' e a ' \ e 1" .
}8(> HISTORY 01 SI.Xl-X'A COfNTY.
The following are the names ol" young men who are reading law in
Tiftin now. with a view of pursuing the profession. \i/: J. (Calvin
Rover. Walter S. Cramer. |ohn ('. Rickenbatigh. Ira V.. Strong. Warren
F. Noble. Henry J. Wcller, James H. Phut, R. 1). Reed. David W.
Speilman. lohn \\'. Leahy. Charles \\". Rep]), Frank Hess. There is
also a young lady reading law Miss Ldith Sams.
After the commencement of this work two members ol the bar ol
Tiffin died very suddenly and unexpectedly. Mr. Alfred l.andon died
at his residence after a few hours' illness, in a sinking chill, and a few
weeks after, near the close of the fall term of the court ot common
pleas. Mr. Ceorge W. Hachman was found dead near his gate, having
fallen out of his buggy.
Mr. l.andon died Saturday morning. October 4. 1X79.
Mr. Dachman died October ji. 1^79.
Mr. Landon was a member of the Titlin bar for twenty live years
and held the ottices ot prosecuting attorney and mayor ot Titfm.
Mr. Hachman was also mayor ot" Tiffin, prosecuting attorney and one
of the directors ot the Seneca County Infirmary. He \vasa member ot
the Tiftin bar since 1X07.
It is a most remarkable fact that all the lawvers who have died in
Seneca county passed away very suddenly, without being sick any
length of time. Mr. Seiiey dropped dead on the Moor: Richard Wil-
liams died suddenly: Jesse Stem was shot dead in Texas; |oel W.
Wilson was not considered seriously ill when he died: Thomas C.
Tunison was sick only a day or two; Leander Stem was killed in the
battle of Stone River: Afred Landon and Ceorge Uachman died as
related above, and Luther A. Hall passed away In-fore the brethren
knew that he was seriously ill: Mr. Rawson was complaining only a few
days betore he died: \\illiam M. Johnson expected to get well the da\
before he died, but had been suflermg from consumption tor years.
I \Ml.s |'l | |. A RS
Promised a halt do/en times to lurnish the writer with a little sket h of
hinisell. to !u entered here, and having neglected to do so. I can only
say ot him thai lie is a ver\ able jurist, and that since he has served on
the common pleas bench ten year-, he ha-> returned to the prat tice in
Tiftin.
Wll.l.l \M I \\C.
^\ ai ' ' om and want of desire to write m\ bio^raphv will make
the >torv -'I the writer avery short one.
M< n> Jarvis . the end and the highest peak of the Vosges inoun-
t.i;n> in the I'alatma'e ;n < ,ei manx \ httlr -niitli !
where the \ u-^e^ -dope a\\a\ :i\ [..A :..!i^ ; nt.i i}\,- liof.i
Rhine, ami ,.n it, let: Lank : f, ( anton ,,: \\.-.IIIA,-.
lit tli- town >1 Sippi-r~.h-ld. II : 1 A i- i' :!; '.;: 'he i j-; ;
IHT. 1X1^. 1 \va> tiie se'.en'ii ih.id ami the In-.: MMI
' 'atlienne I an;;.
1'atlier kepi me at M i.ooj ::nt;I \\ e ^t.uteil iii; \:m-i.
intention to prepare me tor '.lie pr<>le>M'in .>! - \\<>> ti
we arn\ ed in I ;ttin < MI t! e i S; 'n . it August, i ."> ; ;. m\ in:
inniii n..; lie nt:!:/eil \ er\ \\eii. ami I entereii 'in- c-a':>-.-i
in the -pi .n^ Ml i -. ) . 1 entere.l the i .!tn i "! M : |.i-
law. M i -M-ne*. ^a\ e the j'l ,u t ii e m i atteii' ii in, ani>|-'.V.ii;TJi
i"i ateil in 1 ittiti late ;n the tail >! :';.- -inn- \eai. a' - ;
Mr. Sem-N. I , ntere.l Mi ( ..A,;, - : -\\ ,,.[ e a- a i ni-
i!a\ ..I I :!>. i -^-. I w.ix ,,'im;::- ,1 t,, the pra. ,, e .'i-' I .
Mi. o. l-i'L- 1.. i ane i. 1m I ;,
A a- t'm- i !i.i:rman 'it the i 'inim.''i e ;h t' ex i-:..;. .; n;
u-tt. John ( '. --pink, ( '..op,-:- k \\ a:-..n. K. I'. !',;. -.
\\ ere Hie 111 lie; - 11! the eoinill : ; ee.
In the tail Hi' I >.( ( I ua- eleiteil pl'o,, i ;: ;n^ at'."
i i ' i i n t \ . a n 1 1 r e e I e i t ei I i n i - v ^. \ < > . In i ; : 1 \\ a > i- i e< 1 1
I'lil^e oi >eiiei i ( ' mil t y . w i t h t he hi^lie-: ma t> ir;l \ that >em< a i i:r.\
e\ er cast 'or any man to otm e. In the tali o; i ^^ ; 1 \\ i- i e :i : n.Ji.it cii
liy my parlv aini vsoiiM ha\ e !n-i n re eie< ted had ;' not in en t.M th<
-tDi'in o! km>\\ \othin_ii--m that --\\ept the i itnntrv l;k> a m.t'l i \i iniu-
. ! i the tail o : tliat \ e a : . S ( n e i a u a v e a m a i o r , \ .. t i . ; ; ,. i the K : . o x\
\ o ' I : : ! i _; ~ . In i .-> ^ 1 1 1 \\ a > m M n : n a '. e d 1 \ the I > m o
o-mt\ a- .1 i a ml. date ;< i epi .-^, nta' ;\ to ;j.. h _.- . .1, A.': M:
M.-ir - I'. >k nner. -.-ne, a , , !--,-\ ; , , : - - A . ,
Mr. -;,.:::.> I ' :no, ;.r M: |.. : uj :
working against hope, in i S<>(> I was elected treasurer of Seneca
count), and re elected in iS;i. serving lour years. I was tlie first
mayor of the city of Tiffin, and the first president of the school hoard
of Tiffin, and being a member ot the same board now. I take great pride
in holding the highest oftice that the law gives to any man. 1 have now
been at the Tiffin bar longer than any other la\\ ver connected with it.
except it be brother Pennine-ton.
lust in time, and before these sheets go to the printer. 1 can add the
fact, that at the Democratic state convention, held in Cleveland on
Thursday, the 22i\ day of July. i.S.So. 1 was nominated by acclamation
as the candidate for secretary ot state. < )n my return to Tiffin on the
day following, a large party of my friends and neighbors, some five hun-
dred, with a band of music and carriages, met me at the depot in Tiffin
and escorted me home. Dr. ]. A. Norton announced my nomination
to the assembled crowd in front of the court house: \V. P. Noble made
a speech of welcome in glowing terms, and Republicans and Democrats
joined in their hearty congratulations. It was a scene the like of which
Tiffin never witnessed before. The ovation was a personal compliment,
without distinction of party. 1 record it here in gratitude as the hap-
piest day ot my lite. The good opinion ot one's neighbors is a price
far bevond the emoluments of office.
HA1TH-; XXIV.
DRV DREMf.VCH. KUHN. F ! S H K k OvONNOk 111! IN MEDICAL SOCIETY
INDUSTRIES IN 11FFIN SE N EC A v OU N i Y AG k I L U I. I U k A I. SOC I E T Y THE
FkESS MESSRS LOOM1S. NAN LOR. GROSS I HE SENEGA COUNIY IN-
FIKMARY IHt. lilFIN GAS I.IGH! COMPANY AGRICULTURAL WORKS.
F.IC IHE SKNECA COUN I Y 1M ON E I K AS.-.OC I A I ION Dl.k HkUDEKHUND
THE CHI LHARMON 1C SOCIETY MRS HARRIET CRAWFORD.
I'.HM.I: \riin \ i. -KLU n <>i I.K. i \.\ i>i:i.-r. \< H.
'.. I. \. M -1 .1 i..:.
P\i; I.I.Y I>IM->I'. M'll \\a- I...TII N.Mthinnl.'-ilam! r..iin:\. 1',-nn-
l),i\iil aii'l ' alhrrim- I >!'-! i.ii-h. i i-im >\ <--\ \\i!h him i" I '!i-)\,i\\ a\ rniintv.
( )hji i. \\ In- 1 1- i lii-\ li\ i'i| i" a u' I < '!'! a U'-. \ > h'- LTI r\\ u \>. \ i ni n^ I i i--l i,ti-h
\s a^ fiii;, iu'-'! . l'i '' > 'iiif I i mi-, in ill'- ini'i '-ant :! I ii i--: nr->. In it ; h :> > > u ji.it i"n
\\ ,i- nut t" h;> I 1-1 '. am! at an <-a! : . a^.- In- i .--. I|M-.| I . . i|iiaii}\ h: m - l! l.
fiiii-!' i iii- in'-'! i'-a! I'!' '|r->ii in.
I 1 1 ! : k i m a 1 1 \ \ > > u im' 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 ' - ^ , i - I " i' 1 1 1 1 1 a ! i in
u hii-h nal :i: i- ha- 1 I'liiim-n! l\ li! !''! him.
1 |,. puT-iinl In- -Imi^-- ^\ ith Lrn-al a--:.|inl\ ami -
iimh-r III-- '!:i'-'i i"n "1 I M . I .m-ki^ an i-min.-n! ph'.
Ai'ti-i ihr u-ua! Iiiiif. Itiu- -pi-Hi. In- at!- n'l.-.| .1 .^"i:
Mi-.ii.-a! .-.lili-j.' "! f >h ; "
I I , i h'-n ! -I-;. 1 1 -i I "ii 1 r\ i m_; hi- !"i I uin- .iin- >t: j ! !. |'i"m
I thin. ,iml :', na!! 1 . -i-t I !'! >i"\\ n in l - 'r1 I la! I: and a! ! : .1
,,\,-i ;h.- n\ i i I'l'l'iilin. the -'-a; "t m-iin- ;
x.-in-i li:- "!'i ":!:- in l'"i : lla':. a -m.i'.! '. -
390 HISTORY OK SKNI-XA COUNTY.
had no ambition to venture upon tin- more brilliant operations; these lie
turned over to such men as .Molt and Mussy. \vlio made surgery a specialty.
Dr. Dresbaeli \\as of medium height, stoutly built, and a little inclined to
< 4 oriiileiiey. His brain, though not ver\ large, was active, with a good
anterior de\ elopment. Ills temperament was sanguine; hair light auburn.
e\es blue, nose large and slighth aipiiline. neck short, chest and limbs well
developed, and his whole appearance that of an elegant gentleman, as he
\\"as. In the matter of dress, lie \\as scrupulously careful, always wearing
the finest and must fashionable garments. His kind, courteous, graceful
demeanor insured him a hearty welcome \\here\er lie went, whether in the
sick chamber or the drawing-room.
The Doctor was fond of books, and was well posted in current literature:
he was a most agreeable companion. indulging freely in anecdotes and per-
sonal reminiscences, and had good conversational powers, though he made
no pretentious as a public speaker.
While a general favorite with the ladies, and fond of their society, and. at
one time matrimonially engaged, he lived all his days in single blessedness.
He was a lover of the tine arts, and of music especially: and many a leisure
half hour was tilled with sweet strains from his favorite instrument the
violin: and to his love of music, and to the encouragement he generously
gave to resident professors and amateurs, our cit\ is. in some measure,
indebted for its present high culture in music.
And now. kind reader, would \oii have some glimpses to illustrate the
dual character of poor human nature: to show, side by side, its good and its
bad qualities, in the life under review?
Well but no matter -'tis enough to say that while the Doctor was not
sinless, most of his faults were not of a malignant type, but rather of the
kind that are said " to lean to virtue's side."
Put whatever they were, a most ungracious task it would be. to dwell upon
their unpleasant memory: and the writer must ask to be excused, prefer-
iug. as he does, the reversal of the custom indicated in the following lines:
The evil that men do. lives after them:
The good is oft interred with their bones."
The Doctor was a member of the .Masonic order. In politics he was a
Whig, and took a leading part in every campaign. In IMii he was the Whig
candidate for congress, and. though defeated, had the satisfaction to know
that he had run considerably ahead of his ticket. Rodolphus Dickinson
\vtishisopponent. David Tod was defeated for governor at the same elec-
tion.
Vigorous as his constitution nat uralh was.il had its limit of endurance.
( Kertasked. mei>tall\ and physically, for thirl) scars, in a malarious climate,
i! is not surprising that his life was cut short, in his liftv-lirst year. His
end came i mi >uddenl\ : the wa> In it was through louu' suffering, extending
over a pei'ii >d of se\ eral years.
(iradualh declining health induced him to ! r\ the effect of a milder
climate. The winter of |s~,i -j. \\-,\~, spent in the south, visiting a lirotherand
makiii'-i the acquaintance of man\ of the leading medical men of that region.
With the return of the sprim;. ho\\e\ei'. thei'e were no siirns of returning
Ill NK\ K : UN
\\ as MIH- t,i thf j,i,.:u-.-r i-hv- , ,a:s ;n | .-:. :i . ,.,; -,, ... .
[art .n thf tlf\ ei'>j iiiu-ii! ..; tin- IM-AII an.i t e::r;\
1 I f u .1- i M|-II : n I : f i If rit k * it \ , M a i \ ian. i . .'i I ^ _' . im: ;.:
1- rf i If n< k f til If ^f. thf til i if si ;i!st i tin ji ui M! \s f stem \1 u \ :.n , ;
thfi'e si, jmiiis anil attfiitiNf ID his stmlifs anil -M sf,!.i;.- ..,
ati|ii;rfii II'MHI the tea< he rs an. I s< IIMM! mates ;;., .. iii'dr.
Ilish, ,],." \tttT hf !ett the i .ilii-e he rf.nl Hlf.i,..i
I )r. r\ler. the If-i'lniu ]ih\s; ( ian M] Heilera k < :\. ami t".:;;sh<
I)r. llenrv StalfV.in I- retier'.i k . I If ^r.ni'ialf ti with tin
ti'i iin thf I ni\ f t'sit \ til M a i \ iam 1. at I !ai 'i umff , i n i *< j ; . .r; i s, ,,
alter i MIII me IK e. 1 I lie [.rat ta f at \\ MM. 1 J , .; M. ;n 1 : e. let
whit h. pl.U f ! fVMs I', llt/eil ll\fil. llete he
C'atherine. mif \ 'he (ia'i^hter- i>; M:. ll.t'.'/e. . \\;;MT:I
that 'in it ui M i s \\':lli am Holt. M; I ;tnn. ami \1 1 - ka 1 I . .
[MIL i h;i .. are : he i >nl\ < hilili en !:\ .n_;.
I he e\at ' ! line when ihe 1 )MI tMf ai r:\ el ;;: I .ti;n 1 i a\ : i
al> ie IM as ( ertain. liut n must have in- f n in i -\; i - I .':t- :
,,i\ thai hf helpe.l IM ' n! ihe Ill's! tree ill Marke' -'leet. ;,e'\\e--
,!)_; Mil ami M' ini't if He u a- \ f i \ ].M],' ;lar :n !:> \ M ;: . : ,; ,\
hissihmiliiiali's ami a i . j 1 1 a i n t a m e s . H : - n ; a : . . \ ;:-:. i . i j ;
his lii'fs-, ami .nl'irfss. h;, ta:u:l\ : f i i' .:!,'-,. ; . .f.,; ':.. .
SMI ;c t\ . all e it'.'-, i In make thf M>:MIJ : : : a i. >'
He . ante here III'M ;'ne w is ami a' n:n
1 ) r f s! i a i h ami * a r e \ , \\ ; t h u h < > n i ! i . .'.'...' e .
^! at le !'f i i i aliiiis IM;- m in \ in:lf s art i'im ! | | . ,\ a
the \\ \ ami.': ,. ,.n !hf >aml'i -k\ ;
a n i M : i _ the . .... - . .. i \\ ::,':' ^ ; i : i : i i : i .
ill I '!.. ' II" h. rt-'a . , ,
}g2 HISTORY <>!' SF.NKCA COUNTY.
The hither of I>r. Kuhn was for many years the most important and
distinguished man in Frederick county, lie was the leader of the
Republican i 1 >emocratic t party tor many years .from 179X10 1824).
He had read law but preferred farming, lie had 700 acres well stocked
with skives. The abolitionists stole nine ol them at one time. Dr.
Kuhn brought a skive boy to Tiffin with him. He was a present from
some friend. I often heard Dr. Kulin speak of him but have no knowl-
edge of what became of him. The name of Dr. Kuhn's father was
Christian: his mother's maiden name was Fli/abeth Browning, daugh-
ter of Jeremiah and Cassandra Browning. The old folks, after they
were eighty years of age. rode horseback to Steubcnville. Ohio, where
they bought a farm. The old lady was highly intellectual and one of
the most scholarly women in Maryland. They were of Fnglish stock.
Christian Kulin was a (lerman, wealth}' and popular. He was the first
mayor of Frederick City, and frequently a member ol the general assem-
bly of Maryland. He traveled to the sessions in his own carriage.
lie was then a leading spirit in most all leading matters, and for manv
years held the office of chief judge of the orphans' court of Frederick
county.
I >r. Kuhn held his reputation in the esteem ot the people and the pro-
fession up to his death. Nature seemed to have made him fora physi-
cian, but with all his skill he had his weaknesses, too. like mail}' other
men. His occasional indulgences in strong drink interfered materially
with his practice, while his habitual indifference about his finances kept
him poor. He earned money enough in his profession to be one of
our wealthiest men, but he seemed to set no value upon it. He
would become securitv for anybody that asked him the favor, audit
- ,vas no lesson to him when he was compelled to pay. He was warm-
hearted and generous, hospitable, sympathetic, benevolent, kind. He
could refuse no favor in his power to grant: never learned to say "no."
His wife died about iX.}^. Sometime thereafter he married Miss Maria
I'ennington. a sister to Robert O. I'enningtoii. ot Tittm. This union
was blessed with three children: Robert I). Kuhn. \!rs. Fmma Kim-
ball and Louisa, the late Mrs. Fast, of Canton. Ohio. Mrs. Kuhn is
stiii living.
Dr. Kuril attained to the highest honors in ancient Masonry and
often represented the old Samlusky lodge in the ( irand I -odgc of Ohio,
lie (!!. d at his residence on Chi v street, in Titlm. < >ctober i 6. 1X78.
!'!;. KI ii:i K I i J.I \HV.\
\V,,s ., native of Maryland, and located in Forl I '.all about the time Dr.
1 Iresbai h came here, and the two formed a partnership in the practice.
Thev h.iil their hr>t ottii e ;n the -MI. ill yellow !>rii i
was \ rr\ |>i:le. ainl lu a* .i!n'i! ! !!
ot V>\ ein!>ei . i>.}J>. a^ei! ;> \- i:-. ii in- ::::.-
ht- m.uif ;l:r a- j'l nnt. in< < <>\
I m > > ; i : i \\ ; i . M . i r \ i . 1 1 1 1 1 . . 1 1 1 1 1 r
l-.li/.iiu- 1 !] \1. I in- .ti .j'l.iiiu.i;
in. ir; ;,!_;'. \vh:< ii ! >'k |.'..i- >
daiiLjlii'T u -i- M . '. K.. A ':.' ;n
i >r I ;>i:ei -lie:; j.;.i.
tfi Mil I !!.' >M\> '\\ ii. 'I. M
Drs. l;.,\er aii-i I .
in i >;- >'! N1 ' - i; - M
hi. I .-:. :- ir : : ; ; :.
!'" '' < ' ; "" ll;i :!i ''' f]
1 1 1 . . : i \ hi i - ; ' ' i i i < J r
uin M- 1 - , : i:
394 HISTORY OK SKNKCA COUNTY.
on former occasions, was well marked in this family also, but here, as
everywhere, it was always associated with politeness, kindness and broad
and generous hospitality.
Among the phvsicians practicing medicine in Tiffin al this time, I)rs.
]. A. McFarland i who located here in 1X^71. |. \. lleckerman. A. I!.
Hovey. 11. 1>. Martin. V.. |. Mc('ollum. and S. S. Hricker are pioneers.
There are also in the practice now. l)rs. \V. Crawford, \\'. (!. \Villiard,
1. T. Livers. |. F. L. Fanning. J. P. Kinnaman. \\'. II. Hershiser. |.
Breidinger, J. Huss. !'. H. Lang, W. H- Stover. I). Wells, and Maurice
Leahy.
SKNKCX COUNTY MKHICAI, SOUK.TY.
This is an auxiliary to the State Medical society, and is governed by
the same code of ethics, but has its own constitution and by-laws.
The state society was organi/ed in a parlor of the old Neil house, in
Columbus, May i4th, 1846; the first Seneca county society at Dr. K.
Dresbach's office in 1X52. Dr. McFarland was elected president; and
Dr. (ieorge Sprague secretary.
The present society was organi/ed in one of the parlors of the Shaw-
han house, in Tiffin, on the 2^th day of September, iXjX. with Dr. A.
1). Hovey as president, and Dr. A. L. Waugaman as secretary. The
society has its regular meetings on the tourth Wednesday of every
month.
< )f the members ot this society some minutes have been collected and
are here noticed:
I. U. IIKCKl.KMAX
\\'as born in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania. November 221!. 1X2^: grad-
uated at Washington college in 1846, and located in Tiffin.
Was born in ( 'hillicothe, Ohio, November i^th. 1X2^: graduated at
('harity Hospital. Cleveland. ( >hio. in 1X50.
Wa- born in Lancaster. Pennsylvania, March }d. 1X45; graduated at
Ku-h Mediial cr)llege. Chicago, in iXh;.
K. \\ . su I. I.I VAN
\\'a> boni in Tittin. Ohio. March 22(1. i'^<>: graduated at the medical
department ot the \\oosteriiniversity in iS^X.
r. i. M'COI.I.UM
U'a^born June icth. 1X26. in Richland count\. Ohio; graduated at the
IHI Ml MI \l I'Ki U I --l<>\. V>5
|etier-"ii Mediia! <<lK'_:r, I'll iladeiphia. in M.ir'h. |S;;. .mil -
then-met 1.x ated in 1'ittin.
I ! . I : i . I i . P. ' i N
\\ a- l)..rn M n. h i .Mh. i >;.-. a'. I:.. !': .:i.e. \\asm ..-:ir.\. !;:
nated at the (' :iu inn.it i f '< i'^e . .; M. dii .!; a:,,! *>-n\,e: \ -i !::.. 1^77.
an.i itirated in Senei a i mints .n hils '.he <ime \.-.u.
1 . I . . 1 : 1 \ M
U'a- born in M n-kniunm mms 1'ils .-rd. iS.j .rad'iatrd .1? ^'..iriiii^
Medieal i t ille^e, ( '. ihimb'i-. ami !m ated ,it 1 >en; ( m. ( i ass ' : d < . e;nt\ .
in i MH>.
i . i . K . > r. i \ - 1 1 \
graduated at RM-!I \lednal (olle^e. ("iina^.i. in 1^7,. and -e:;l>-d ;;i
Repulilii in iS;ii.
l:i \ I \\IIN -. -'I i\ i i:
\\"a-" horn I une i ^th. i S;ii. at Un >< kly n. ( n\ a In _; i ei unity. ( >hio. ^rad
nated at |ell'--r-!i Mi:dii.il (olle^e in |.S;.S; [mated in Rep'iliii. the
-anie \ ear.
\S . II . I'A I I
\\ a- burn in Rii hland < mintx. ' >\M. \].r:l i ;'h. i N .p.
Miami \1 edn al < iiilr-e. ( 'im ;n nan. ' >hii i. :n i s ; - . 1m .1 '
ill l-S;f).
hi:. \ i'l I I I . n . >\ I N .
U a- burn in A 1 bans t< i\vn-hi|>. ( Mean- < i unity, \ enn. mt, I Vbrnars <;;h.
iS.'i/. \\hen a IMI\ ii ui r teen year- i>! a_;e. he -tar ted I'M ' >hi'>. and
entered ( Mieriin < ulle^e. \\here he remained -i\ sear-, and d':r;n_ :hi-
t ;me read medii me with 1 r. Mmner Inlni-nii, il' ' Hn-rlin. 1:; i < ; lie
ent'Teii the iilliie M! I't'iit. .\ikle\~, in ( lesel.ind. aiiii graduated ;n
Mail h. iS;j. and in the -anie sear !i ated :n I'. Mm. \vh.ere he ha- re
inaineil ever -im e in the -m < e--lul jnai tn e .it hi- pri!r- \\ !: .c
1 i . 1 1 1 is e\ i- i e^ai'iled a- a s er\ able pr.u t !', i. iner. he e\i e!-..'a-- a -:n
j e . 1 1 1 . in ss h ; i h b r a n i h h : - - k ; i i and < . > u r a u r h. a s e mail: 1 h . m < : 1 1 . : , e : , ; i \
-ui ce--t''il and 4reatl\ i elebrated. Me i. a inenilier : i' ^fe
-,,,, ,ef,e-. a- ^eil a- < it the National Medii ii - M :et s .
si \ri--i. i : i \ n \
\\'a ii. it n M an ii i \( h, I ^ ; ;. in t he . . . : k <,
m the medii ai di pai tnn i: 1 ! tin- \\ .... i . . . A -..<\.
( ) h ; . i . 1 . b i i 1 1 \ .* ~ : .an.
-(^6 HISTORY 01 SKNKCA COUNTY.
the senate chamber of Ohio. when, at ten o'clock in the morning of the
first Monday in January. A. D.. \S(>2. the senate \vas called to order.
The citv of Columbus was lull ot soldiers; regiment after regiment \vas
organi/.ed and sent to the front. The sound ol martial music rang in
the streets day and night, and here met the first legislature of Ohio
after the breaking out of the rebellion.
The condition of the country on that morning seemed to combine
with nature to cast a gloom and a sadness over the senate. The Hon.
Henjamin Stanton. president ot the senate, took his seat; the members
were sworn and seated, and the saddest countenance in that body was
that of Senator |ohn I). O'Connor, of Monroe. He was then about
forty years of age. about six feet high: he had black hair, brushed back
from a high forehead, deeply set dark eyes, a chiseled face; a black
beard covered his mouth and chin. Heavy black eyebrows gave pow-
erful expression to the white ot his eyes, making his countenance won-
derfully striking. lie wa> lean of flesh. The paleness of his face and
his entire "make up" were calculated to arrest the attention, if not
excite the sympathy, ol the most careless observer. Add to this a pru-
dent reserve, close observation, quiet demeanor and polished manners,
and YOU have a tair picture ot I )r. O'Connor on that morning.
1'artv spirit ran high during the war. and the few members of that
body who were elected by Democratic constituencies, were treated with
indiffercm e. tor their votes were not necessary to carry any measure:
vet that senate contained many distinguished gentlemen Irom all parts
of the state, some of whom became noted in other high positions which
they filled.
[)r. O'Connor and the writer belonged to that small number, and as
miserv loves company, and lor higher reasons, i; was not long until
mutual respect wanned into mutual friendship that grew brighter as
time rolled on, and lasted lor 1 lie.
Dr. < i' Coiin IT'S lather was an Irishman who h:id served under Wel-
lington m Spain, and alter he was transferred with a portion of the
Uriti-h arnn to ( anada. he ran awa\ with some ot his < omrade.s. came
to lip' 1 nited Mates, and settled in Wood-field. Monroe ( oiinty. ( >hio.
in i 'M 7 or IMS, Here he was married to Rebecca Co rot hers, and
elected to the ottn e ol < oiinty re* order. wh;< h olli
\ ea r -.
Hire in
\l,am Me.!., al ol'u-^1 am: ..M,:-: ite.I ': ,:., .:. i.%. il, :
t i:e iiem-h' 1 1 tin- .n>' : !< t,o:i> . it ; he M . - -e\ . \i .: ; .'. . \ . 1 > r.\ -
1 ' r. : - anil other d;^t . iuu.>he. 1 men in tin ;. .;.>-.. >:\.
In 1 -Mi 1 he u a^ eie. ;ed !o ;hr -ell \: e . .; I l';. . , . ; i , ,;n ( ,:;.: , . \J ,;,
ami a par! o| \ ol.le. am i re el.-. :e.l in i M> ;. \rte! ! ii.i.i -.;,..; ,
In-, -,e'. M 1 1 i U 1 ! in a> ><-na!or. in ! lie ^nnmier <>: i ^'>; . ; i.e \s : :.-: ..->.
him at ( lar'.n^ton. ami ma.'.e the a. > |'iain'.an. e ..I h;^ .n'etc--' .:;_ ta'n
conM-!;n- "i' M : -. < >'< 'onnor, lour In-a'itit'ii \.em_; .lan^Iiter-. a:n
little --on. 1 he iloetor -- pr.u t ;. e extern lei i ah.n^ the i ,\ er bar. k .
o\ er tin 1 roii^ii hilU aiul nioiiiitain> ot Moiiroe. \\iiere lie hail nea
worn on! h; > lite ;n the pur>n; t <>t in> pr. >!c--->;on. I he . Ii: i.li en nee.
ed'ii a MOD. .in 1 1 'lie re \va^ no - ( n n 1 ^, }], i, ,\ nearer t h in U lu-el.n^. t \s en
li\'e mile> a'.va\ . I ->n_:^e>: ei 1 to h;m ;:.e |iropriet\ ot ^e]', :i_ .. :: .1
re m 1 1\ iiu t' ' Senei a . ount\ . u ha h I .le-*. ril.e.i a^ :i u a>. .in-i ].. t'f;-j
to h.;m the situation o! the I .(tin >. hooU. ;;-. >o< ;etv. iieaitii. ma:'h
\ \i-xit trom tiie i ioi tor and M r>. ( >'( 'onnor \\ a- em ni^h to p;- i\ e
more ro.nl. a ->ln >rt > li^tam e -on: h < >\ 'I'ittin, \\ here he ii\ e.i n:: :.'. ^h. ir
lielore lie .lie.!.
Here at 'I'.ttin he -tejipe.l at \\< e into ;he iron: rank : i. ;[:
si on, 'A hen- he \va-~ highly e-teeme. !. an. ! i.e. a me >. > \><>\ 'il.fi am.
people that they elei te.l him the deie^ate trmn th;> . o';nt\ : > the
> 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 o n a 1 . o n \ e n t ; o n .
i'he i ondilioii oi h;, he. lit!: >< ar. el\ \\ a r r a n <--v'j riif : i-k '.':;.
rvpaired. iiM' to prove ii.- ..latitude ;.> ): people vh'i le ( : ':-. :!i.
,ld|o'irne>i >e^-|titi ; n ( ;m iiina': ' . '-.\ :-.. \s . : ' : i
he - i;,- h:- :; 'id- vvii.. Ir.ed tip '
W.l> !:: l! he Ao-iid 1 I'!:-: >\e.i;
at hi, pov. \m: ;,- \
iron -A .'. i k>-; . h m .: ;'! nee;'! 1
39^ HISTORY or SKNKCA COUNTY.
like a child in the arms ot its nurse, he tell asleep," as judge ( )key
expressed it in his eulogy of the doc-tor in the convention.
Muring his short association with the members of the convention he
won the love and esteem of them all. and on the morning when the
committee who had been appointed to prepare suitable resolutions
expressive of the sense of the convention on his death, were about to
report, several gentlemen made remarks attesting their love and esteem tor
the doctor, full of tine feeling and warm appreciation of the good man
he was. judge Okev, Messrs. Yoris. Albright. Neil. Cook and others
spoke very eloquently. It is to be regretted that space will not permit
a reproduction of those eulogies here.
His body was brought to Tiffin by a committee appointed by the
convention, on the 24th ot February, and kept at the house of the writer
in Tiffin, from whence, on the next day, it was taken to the l-'irst Meth-
odist 1'rotcstant church, where the Rev. |. ('. Ogle delivered a very
appropriate sermon from Rev. 14: i,3\.. to a large concourse of friends,
lie was buried at the new cemetery, near Tiffin, under the beautiful and
impressive ritual of the K. \ r A. M.
Mrs. O'Connor is still living: the girls are all happily married. I).
O'Connor, his son. is attending school.
Dr. O'Connor was an excellent physician, possessed of a finely cu-1
tured mind: he was a true friend, a devoted patriot, a Christian gentle-
man and an honest man.
THI. TirriN CAS ucu r COMPANY
\Vas organi/ed in icS^6 as a joint slock company, under the statute of
Ohio. The enterprise was originated by Kdward Cwyn, ot Spring-
field, Ohio, who came to Tilrin in that year, and induced several of our
citi/ens here to aid him. The capital stock was S^o.ooo. ot one thous-
and two hundred shares, each twenty- five dollars. Mr. Cwvn sub
scribed all the stock except about fitly shares, which were taken by
others.
The city c ouncil ot Tittm granted to the company and iis MIC< es>ors
and a-^iu'ii-' lorever. the use ot the streets, allevs and public grounds
in Tiffin, to lay pipe and all other appliances to distribute and carry
ga- t 'in High< >ut the city.
The work- are buill on the old tannery lot near Rocky ('reek, on
Pern -treet.
Th' i oiiipany contracted \\ith Mr. Cwyn to build the works \v the
<o< k he had Mib<cribed and Sio.ooo. to be secured by mortgage on the
work-, and Mr. (iwvn was virtuallv the owner of the whole, as the tiftv
sh.irr^ were >n!i^i rilii-tl more a^ .1 il< ui.it: <\\ than tor profit, and were
-i 11 >n iranMci red to him.
I'hc "infill. il work^ were -mall. ha\;iu "iil\ two mile- o| pipe l.inl in
the "-live!-. !i.i\ MIL; HI! \ -t rer! lamp-, .uii i < !i.u u'- ii- > \ ^ '- per i .'_ . i ul>i<
tcct. >; per \ ear lor rent <>! meter. .tn<l >.'; per \e.u tor -tree! lamp-.
In i S<i Mi. ( i u \ n N,il.l ilu- \M M k> t" hi> l)i'i itlu-i . \\\\\ < . \v\ u, \\ 1m < n
tiniR-ci in 1 u; tin.- owner until 1-^7 . Urtwi-cM i '!. ,unl i > ~ !(> th.in
uiir h.ilt link- oi ['ipo wcrr l.inl, .uni the old pru <-- !ii.i;ni.t:ncii. In
i ,S; - |ohn i \s \ n so'nl out to ( '. ror^e 1 . Srin.\ and !"i,n 1 . 1 I u-<-. ' >u
tin.- dc.ith oi ll'i->->in iS;;. lud^r >nu-s in-i.mu- and -!:!! ;^ the o\\ IHT .
\\ithiu the p.iM ten \ear^ the work-- !ia\e iieeti ui'e.it's enlarge.! and
iniprox ed. Aii that no\\ e\ i-:->. >! t in- pun ha>e n om ( , \\ \ n i> tin- old
li'',ii,l;n- .md al>out one in;!e ot pipe: ail el><- is new.
Ilie capital stoi k iii>\\ i> >io:i. _ . ^a^ S.v; per :. .1 ui'.i tei-t,
and no tent i harmed tor the M--C oi meter--. w:iii a prii-.iiei ! : ;:;h< r to
iic' rea>e ii:c pr:i e oi ^.i-. i-> :hc nunil'cr oi i on-innerx MH ica^c There
arc now aiioiit ten m;ie^ 01 _;a> p'.pe : n the >tr< -> !-. .:;.ii :.<. i: .:'. dr<-d,
and M-\e.n:\ lour >trcet iauip-. I: reijuire^ t\so men .md i !:o|>c t,
' i _ h t a ! 1 1 1 c \ ' 1 1 1 _; ' : > i i t h e 1 , u n p -> . w : ; o in : > ; 1 1 a \ e ! ! v\ i : i ! v : : : : : : . - ! do
the work. 11. c work-- t onv.tnic iroin i.j to i,; \
\ ou^h:' i^hein ua-> ( oal, \ earl\ . I- ; \ e men and two hof-c
at the work--. 1 !:e annual prodiii t;on o| ^a> !- Irom li\e !o --;\ ni;ll'.on
i it" led.
I ui !_;e I i eor^c 1 .. Senex i-^ president, and I oh n M . I '-ate -.(.-i i e;.u \ an
- ; p e r i n ; e n i i e n t .
( > i i : o Move work-, a i < < : ; i ! - ! o < k i > 1 1 1 1 p a n \ . w ! :
the Hah ini* irr and ' !u. > depot. |'!i.- . , .inp.i
400
Located near the bridge on Market street, started when, in 1847, they
bought the old Foundry then conducted bv lesse Wolf. They after-
wards bought the property where Van Nest's carriage factor}' stood,
and erected valuable buildings on the premises. The firm is now com-
posed of |ohn I), l.oomis. I'hiletus Nyman and ('.eorge l,oomis. They
employ about 28 hands and turn out work annually to the value of
50,000.
THK Ill KIN MANl'l-'.U' ITKINi; COMPANY
Js also a joint stock company, doing a great deal of work, and in suc-
cessful operation on Mel more street.
THI: MI i i\ WATKR WORKS
Were accepted by the council of the city in the fall of 1879. There
are about 14 miles ot water pipes in the city, '['he city pays rent for
hydrants.
There are now in Tiftin 26 grocer}' stores. 6 dry goods stores, 5
clothing stores. 8 boot and shoe stores, i carpet store. 6 millinery
and fancy stores, 5 jewelry stores, 4 drug stores, 4 fruit, confectionery
and bakery stores, 3 hardware stores, 4 stove and tin stores, 2 hat and
and cap stores, 2 china and crockery stores. 2 book and stationery
stores. } furniture stores. ^ photograph rooms, 5 harness shops, 2 mar-
ble dealers. 4 cigar manufacturers, printing establishments, 7 barber
shops. 8 meat markets. ^ blacksmith shops, 6 carriage and wagon works,
2 breweries, 3 wholesale liquor stores. 3 music stores, 6 hotels, ^ board-
ing houses, i plumbing and gas fitting store, 2 pump shops, about 50
saloons. 2 bent works factories, 2 sash, door and blind factories, i
foundry, i stove factory, i woolen mill, i churn factory. 2 shoe fac-
tories, the gas works, agricultural works and water works.
There also three building loan associations in the citv.
Is a new < reation and tittin.L; up a line room in the market house build-
ing. It was incorporated in Man h, iSSo, and the following named
persons are the officers ot the institution, vi/:
>,' N!. \ COUNTY A- ,K!< ri 1 I'K \1. -' I M Y. 4OI
I'lV-iil'Mit K. \\'. >hau li;m.
Viet-1'n-.iilriit-. Mr-. \\ . 1'. N.l.!r, Mi-, .It.hn \>. I.-, mi-.
S--c! viai \ ('.!!.( 'raiiH-r.
Ti '-a-n I'd .1 . \\ . ( 'haiiilnTlaiii.
Tni-iff- \\ 1'. NM|,I.-. l-'!all js UaiMirl. I, ...I--' < II.IMIIII.III. M:--
lofa I ioin>c. Mi'-. I.; in i,i l'. ^in-alli. Mi- L.iiisa (. liiilili .
< Mil- thou-ami. -;\ h';m!i' >i \oiunie- : ''ook- are ii:v.i'i\ t "!!c ted.
There .in- ,ii-<> '.\\' ii'-ni \\nrk- in '.he i-ity. < >:n mi \\ >i Market
street, nuiu-it iiy I 1 . Smith, anil the utlu-r "ii \\ a:er >: reet. t .irrieil on
by tin- li-shlMU::!: r.fother>. llotl; .ire iloin- >'n r>-.:ui ln-.-xine-.-
'!';:; re ,i:e .il-o a iriiiiber "l !rn k\.ir>U in !ii!i < >; : .t! ;< >n. ami .1 <!r.ini
tile t'.n IM> \ . , an :eil <>n \>\ Jolin Heilni.in.
1 itlin ha- a'.-o ;\\n iltcsrin^ mil!-. o;u at the nrth ei;<l >'. the :rn
br^l^e. on \\'a-liin^:on -treet. ami tlie other on M.i! -treet. the iormer
run- li\ -.team .uni the latter \>\ water j'owcr. !i>tli ;n il.i.ix o|. er.it. on.
I nai>!e to -;\e the e\.n ! aniount I !eel :; -ale to -a\ 'ha' ir.ore th.in
fl\e million- ot'iiollar- are in\e-leil .11 the \\iriou- intl'1-.tri' - :n littin.
- I M . \ ' ' >1 N I ', \> . !:! ' 1 ; ' K \l -'"III 1 :.
'I'he pioneer I e.:i-!a! 'ire- ui' i t'ni m|'! ehemie.i ti.< ir ;:,. f,;>ij:- : :i'.\
an. ! j i.i--eil i.iw- tor tlu- jiroiii' pt:"ii ol a^r:t ui' ':re. ;. >r the ].r <tet ' . n. . >i
>!IK k. ',' <>\'--\\ ro.i'l- to mark'-:. et> . e't . \\-i the n, n ; ; : n \\':..< ii
Sene< '. ' oun! \ ; iirew oil !.r r ! nan lie ' " \ a' v e vv:.>i iri' ' ; : -\ '.i: < < 1 '. h e
s\ a\ !or i i\ : ii/ei! rile. j>ro\ e- the h ._ h <: ier . -1 'hi ;nt e!i._;e;;i e . ! her
pioneer :. inner- I p :r-! a < aluu, th--n ro.i'!-. "h'-n :i:i-i ' iu !'.oi]-e- .-.',\<\
- ( hiiul h.op.-e-. then mill-, ami one .; ,ro\ !.;,.;; .ilier ; t;;o'!ii r.
( )n the ;th o! I'liv. i -- ; ;. the ioilou: ;u ;.-' \s a- i :|iiS ; !vvV{ n :i:e
.SV/>, / /'.///;, /
'I'o IHI I'ili/l N- "j -i MI \ Ctii NI-) NO! jr.- :- tii-it-l>\ j:\tn thai a
iin-i t !!!_ \\ il! 1'f ln-1'1 a I 1 In- i "in ; | |..ii-.-. in t !n- l"U ii -1 T"!.' t !n-\ hail MH
Citli;: ll"ll-f . II, the e"H]IlI\ ol ^' ];<< .( \\ til'' _'-'!l 'l.l\ ! .I'l!:' lli-l !o! thf
pi ; i i " '- o] o| _M n i / 1 ji _' an a-j !] 1 1 ! 1 1 1 1 a! - M '.'-I \ . ' ' ' i i-n' ' !i->! ' '-' !.' a
('oiini\ \ LM I'-nll nral *>oeif!\. ;ii |'U! -nai.i > o! a): ! ':. j:-!a: in -.
pa--e,| r.'i.Miai;. -1 ,. 1-...;. I','. oi,!r! ot !(. i;,,.,],i ..; ( ..
D \ \ ii> i:. ( \\ I-:N
402 HISTORY OK SI.NKCA COl'NTY.
It was not long. howe\ er, uiuil tlic subject was agitated again, and
now anotlu'r notice was published as follows:
(,()!) SI'KKI) TIIK I'LOU.ll.
I n conformit \ \\ilhtheact entitled. "All act lo authori/e and encourage
t he eslal'lishment of agricultural societies in the several counties in this
state." parsed March li'. l^in. notice is herein given that there will lie a
meeting held at the court house in Till'm. on Saturday, the 1st day of Janu-
ary next, for the purpose of organ! /ing. etc. d. .1. K KKN.
Auditor S. (\
TIFFIN. December. ls-U.
The meeting was held at the M. V.. church. John Terry, Samuel
Waggoner. Abel Rawson. A. Ingrahani. \Y. Toll, Kvan Dorsey. Louis
Halt/ell, I.loyd Norris, Jacob S.Jennings. K. (i. Pennington, Andrew
Moore, (ieorge Stoner. I. W. Wilson and others took active part.
Samuel Waggoner was elected president: A. Ingraham, vice-presi-
dent: Kvan Dorsev. recording secretary; K.(). l*ennington, correspond-
ing secretary: I.loyd Norris. treasurer: Terry. Moore and Stoner.
executive committee. A constitution was adopted Tims the society
was put on toot and has flourished ever since. Its county fairs are
amongst the best in the >tate. I towns about twenty-five acres of land
near College II ill. between North (ireenfield and Portland roads, well
provided with halls, race track and stalls. Its present officers are: N I,.
Urewer. president: Jacob Rickenbaugh. vice-president: II. J. Weller,
secretary; ]ohn M. Kaull. treasurer. There are eighteen managers, cine
from each township, two from the city and one from the county at large.
The vast majority ot the most successful business men in Tiffin are
those who commenced the world with very little capital, or none at
all. and I take pride to record the tact, that the leading characters in
all brandies ot industry here, are sell made men.
Some have aireacU been named, and a tew more only will now be
noticed.
\\ as born November}, i s i i in ( )sego counts'. Nc\\ N ork and was raised
in ( ayuga count}', same state. He came i o Ohio ; n i S ^c; and located
;n New ll,i\tii win-re lie remained five year-, and then removed io
I ;< king ( cm nty. < >ii ;o. where In- remained ' w< > years, and in i ^ } 7 re-
moved to '1 it tin. ( MHO. where he ha> reiuaini-d ever sim e. I he firm,
oi whi- i; in- h is b -.]! ihe head ever ->in< e its lo< ation, ha- not onl\ con
stani'.y iin -ince its location here, but ha- never been under the
nec'e-sii\ ot i' irn iwiu^ a dollar.
\\ ,i . IM..-H .i! \\.M,,UM. i i!ii ..! I '< rmU-i. i. >__ \\ J.,.|, .1
1 1 1 1 \ i i < [ n i .line- . t < , i i k : 1 1 .1 >:<>!, : i \\n.i->!cr. t ': i - : i < i : i < i i > \ , ' . '. \ 1 1 > N i *
| a i '1 i^ .u.' 1 K .ink. i.v > \\ a> .i. i > ;.) 'i i > } ; M i \ .i\ . :. i 1:11
[am u;;ii Mi llar\i \ il'iA.i:.;. . >] \\ ...(!. ''|.i-;,,-,i .1 ii.ml A .u r ^urr
in I itlm. u hi< h ' hr\ i .1; r. rl i m h<-| r : i!,' ; i i -. ., i , -,\ } \c>.\ \I i I 1 . i\\ .irii
sold li;^ intiTi >'.. ainl ;h'- storr li'iin tli.it tiiin- \\.i- i iiiiihic \f<\ \i\ tlic
n.ini; ! \.i\i<'i \ I'ltti-n^i-r u] in 1^-5. |-inn ili.it tune tn I s -; 7 Mi.
N.ixlnr i ' iinlui ti-il the l)ii->iiu-^- .ilc HIT. ior tlncc \<-.u-. .\:i,-ii !,c \v.i>
]i i innl h\ .1 1 )M)t IHT. \\ . \\ . N ,i\ li >r, ,ni' 1 tlii- in m \\ t-- i ,i!!o 1 \ .i\ i _;i' V
15m. I!:.- linn w.i^ mil inuni tu M.ucli ;. iSi)i ( , uhc;i \\..i:.un \\ .
N a\ i' ir ' ! ci 1. .Hi' 1 tin 1 ;ni IDC n ^ i i-->;.iM ; ->h mi ;i' ii.i- i-\ rr ^; :H i IK-I-II i .u
riri i mi i P\ Mi. \ ,i\ ii >i' ,ili me.
( (is :!K- i i ; h i la\ ni 1 'n cinlirr. i "}'/. Mr. N .1 \ '; >r \\ .1 - i-i i tn
('cinu-ii.i. c!,iu_htci' 'it luii-i- I'lttm^rr. In i s >; In- ;.;:;; t!:< x .i'i:.!i;l
villa nil Mi'ini'MV -tiri-t. uinTf he --[.!! rc-iiii->. l':i< :n i'T : \l :
N a \ 1 1 1 1' \\ i -- a -- '. - 1 1 r ' ' > ! ! ! i i _; r M'i>^!'.i\r. i ! < r i \\ ' > i i ;;.' \ \ : ; . i i
\>\ man :a_- \\ i> I "n !_;i' I '.-an . < >'. \\ ,1 \ Mr i ^ .:,' \ . -. . \ * < i
tririnl. |u.i_;r I . \ 1 ran. nl Imn: ui. < >':..-<. .- a : :'.: , .. ..'I M
Mr. \a\ I,,!-'- !:ir > i in (l - ,,. , ;m , ..; a .: m.i.j.-.
b.iM'il iij mil iiiilu--', r\. i-i i in< i;n\ . ainiiM at.ii miiu i -!\
am! cari\ . \\ ill. a inrmii\ \M n'i i I. u ; n \ ; >. nl\-, ;; ;- .1
\\iiiuiri \\hriT iir r\cr liiiiml time tii makr h.in- - 1 ,! i
i i\il L.'I >\ r-Miiiu-nt ami un: \ i-r^ai ^m^ra|iii\.
i ! i \ i s i , i ; i .
404 HISTORY OK SK.NKCA COUNTY.
gross ;iml three colonels to the war, with a fair prospect or" sending
another: the I'nited States sent one of our citi/ens to represent her in
China, and 1'ere Hyacinthe married one of our lair daughters.
Henry dross is the second son ot Henry dross, sen., mentioned in a
former chapter. He was born |ulv _M . iSi^. When a boy he made
himself busy in his father's gun shop ami learned the use of tools. As
he grew up he tombed a great taste tor music and the line arts, and while
he acquired and mastered the gunsmith trade, became also ai> inventor.
He secured a patent tor a breech-loading rifle, and. in company with
Mr. Kd. (iwynn, started a lactory. In this, as in almost all his busi-
ness undertakings, he allowed himself to be over-reached and proved
to his triend that he was more of a genius than a financier. He secured
many patents on ingenious steel and iron works, time-locks on safes,
etc. While he was in the employ of the " Hall Safe and Lock Co.," in
Cincinnati, for many years, he was sent tor from verv many places in
the I'nited States to open safes that by some accident had become
fastened and nobody found to open them. Mr. Gross traveled many
thousand miles on missions of that nature, and never failed in any case.
He olten astounded the by-standers in opening safes in a few minutes
when others had worked lor days. It is sate to sa\ that there is not a
sale made anywhere that Mr. dross cannot open in a very short time
without knowing anything about the combinations. Were it not for
his high order ot character and strict integrity, he would certainly be a
dangerous man to run at large.
( )t his latest and best invention, the papers are full of praise, and a
copy of an article that appeared in the Scutlicfii Merchant of Novem-
ber. 1X79. is here added to show how Mr. dross' genius is appreciated
by other people, arid not to have it said that William Lang runs wild with
his love for old Seneca and his friends.
l!ut here is the article:
In our occupation as journalists, recording the current events of the times
tlie affairs of governments and political movements, the evil doings of the
criminal classes, the ^rations of societv. the theatrical stellar attractions,
the condition ot' the great manufacturing interests, the prospects of the
growing crops, and the e\eit< inent in the great commercial marts, and the
educational, religions, and a^thetiral mien-Ms, it sometimes becomes our
d ut > a> \\ e] I as 1 1 lea >i i re I o ^i n^ 1 1 lie praisesot' the great geniuses and t h inkers
\\lioo\ereonie the oli>tacle> of nature and utili/e her forces for the good,
con: i o! i ; ; nd happiness of mankind I he men \\ ho have a keen appreciation
of the disid\antage> under \\hich .-oi TO\\ ini: humanit\ toil, and strive to
attain happiness, and put forth t heir lie M energies to dissipate them.
As one of ihi- illustrious hand we take pleaMire in ela^siny Mr. Henry
(in>s>. of Cincinnati. ( >h io. \\ i tli \\ horn we had a delight fill and instructive
inttT\ if\\ , !rarnim_ r nl hi- arhirx rim-nt - in l!i<- vaiinii- liram-lf- l the
Illrrhani'' ait- I" uhirh In' ha- luim-il hi- at trnt ; .< Ml am! i hm lu'h t -. I I i- r i.illif
i- tamiiial ! n a! Ill" -I rs rr\ I Hi n KIT t hi'' MIL: I P'' 1 1 1 hi- i -i ill til ] \ a- a -k ! i ! I i-\ jn-1 I
ami lln- iu\ i-iiln! 1 nt llit- linr-l linn- .ni't |"Tin;!l.ii IMU jm-K- r\!.m;. am! thr\
\\ ill ii.' i|i MI!,; 1 1,- pi --a-, -'I i,. Irani that IP- ha- au'.un mim- I" tln-ir ai,|. pr, ,111-
i-i MM t |ti<in -; 1 1] I'urt IHT |>!'i>IiM-t inn I r, ,in i In- ha n,| - , ,] !a\\ P---IH---.
\\'i- ha\r ip'Mlir!' timr mil' -pan- !., ivmnl all tin- nn-i,|i 'lit- , ,1' hi- i-v.-iiUu!
ram 1 ]'. ,lr\'ii',| a- il ha-- IH--II In in in\ lirM- n|' i n \ i-nU', i r-i-arrh . l,ul \\ i
\\ i-h l> i -p -ak -i MII"\\ ha! limit ''!!'> > >\ hi- lal'T a<'h h-\ i-ni'-nt > in I In- r, <n-l rur-
linii n|' i|c\ in--. I'iir llti- |iiv--!T\ at inn "I a'-i-niiiulati'il \\i-alth. the ii-\\aii| nf
i!i'!M>!r>. 1'i'nin Iln- n.tlni.i! ami hninan ,-ii,-iiii'-> \\hii-h ln'>,-t ih<- ji.i--,,--^,!
ui- iiii-an lii- inipriiv fiiifiitN in the ciiiiMnn Imii t' tln^r ti n--i\ >atf_'na!iU nl'
the iiii-rrhanl ami hankiT. thf tin- ami Inn u'lai -IIMIU! --ah-- ami \ anlt>. ami
tin- I'H-k-- ami liu!t-\\ iti'K thfimi.
Mr. (irn--N ha^ lui'l the im^t iiitimatr anil \aiii-i| ,-\ p -i ii-nn- in I In- r, ,1,-
>trm-Unii nl' -al'r-- aii'l lm'K> iluiiim th-- pa-; l"ii \t-ar>. ami a^ an -\P,T! ha--
lii-i-ii in\ arial>l\ --m'i'.'---|'ul in c\p,i-,in^ t'n- \\ raKm'>--i-> <>\ * i!,-- put np,,n thr
inarKi' 1 h\ llu'ii iiiaKi-r-- uith tlif !aUr < him- tn -M-i'iirit\ . .\ - ;!,, M--II!I ,,f
thi^ I'ii-li ami xarii'l rxinTii-m-c. \\,- ar,- m,; t h"i --I'. ,t < -in -pi ]-,'. ;h.i; Mi.
( , I-IINN |ia- apparent 1\ i'i-arlir,| tin- unal ,>\ i-\,-.-i|i-n"r in I hi-- p irt imlar art.
aii'l \\r \\ill I'iKt' p|,-a--iiif in --pi-al-. in ^ -, im--\\ hat in 'I--; ui ni' hi> \arimi-.
impi'i i\ I'lni'iil -.
l-'ir>t ami I'lU'cinn-i) In- i-xhihii- a Imru'lar pi'" 't' > i!>- l'.,r i, I'lk--]-,' u- . th
i|i ii i r n|' u hii-h '-> M-iiai'ilfil \\ lini C]UN,-,| 1,\ lh MM--! -implr aii'l i',,nip.i''l \>'.\
U'ni'k . -M i i-i ni>1 ciii't cil that it pi'f-i'iil - a I'l'^i^i i \ r -t ivm_ r l h in t rai t urr t-<\ nal In
li\ i- t i mi > thai ii|' ;i M \ ->'- >t''in "I I rain lm!i > }\i>\\ in u-.". ami I hi-- Im't \\ nrk
\\ it li tin- |i>"!\> I ' i Lilian I i! . i- np ! a!'-*! 1>\ a mi--' \ r. i n\ ai M -IMI,'.,- \\ ,! | ,
>tn-l aii-l imn ii'-r. hnn^ ii|inn iinuT ami mitiT I'-ann^ -n irni\ an I piTir.'t-
1\ that it ran In- n-\ n[\ nl like a t, ,p un \<-\ lie- -!i_;!i: -; p:',---u; ,-. \\ hii,- u >
-vi'iiri-il -.n -t ' i ni^lv a in I i-li '-''!\ in .; '' >n -'-pi ''i'liim' >\ -n: n_:' i n l he l' l\ ,! In-
iliinr that il v.mild rnpiirc tnn- n|' pre-^ui-i- ,.i- -,|m"k I" ivumsr it. Th,- m,,rc
iiniiii-iliali- rail^i' that , h-\ t-|, ipn i tin- in-i-i-----il \ n|' ih;-- ip'\\ < N-pa r! i M - in -a!'-
1-1111^1 mi -i : i in la > in ei-Mai n <\ i--ri ,\ ,-i n-- m h |i- 1 1\ Mi. i , r, ,--. j n I h-- ,, n,! -,,''
hi> i-\ p'-r! i ' -rii pat i i in > >\' nprn ; nu --a If- \\ !n '--c im-k-- lia, I I M-.-nni" ii-ra n^,-. i n;-
1 hi- .-I , mil mat i"ii> ln-t l>\ i-ai'i-lr--Niir----.
II,- |. in ii' I 1 1\ e\ p,' i'ii m' lit a I t -! th.it tin- \ a i'ii MI-- -pm'l !,> "i' ai'l mi'- in , , >in-
liii HI UNI-. i ,\ nr -a n- "! \'. h i''h th'' 1,1,-k-, am ! In i'l \\ "' K u , i < m.tnipnlatfil.
riiiilil !" --',' i'- -In'!'. .i--ai|,-,l. -" Miat IP- -|ii"in - ,n -i i n P-- ! in"!, ll.ai. l\\,i
IniiifN. aipl n--nall . a In ml hall' t ha! ; ;mi- : '. -- . :n nt i : ! \ ,N--; : , , n_- iht-in
;i ii' 1 I'liti-' i n-j tip- -a !'. I , ' ; ni: t !i it -'i''li ^.<\< - i ; i !! ' ! , ,n- < :,; , ,ii-;\
' , -,-, ,nilii"i. '.' ! ' ' 1 IP- p'.li'i ' .1 - I'M".: 'a : ; '!.! , -,l !,, ., ',,,-,,,' - i ;!.,-, 1
inipi 1 1\ lii'-nt , u hi' 1 !; i lit : ' -l\ il"' - a\ l a > u it h I ! ,
a IP I \> it '! !';<-!:- a! :. in u- IIP -lit Jin -a],- hi- :h- I ,::-h
,1. ami ;!P '!."-: :n^ u.iiN |ii.- -.!h! alik,-. \l: i,:.. .,,,,, ;l |
I'cpiii at ii : ! im-; :i - n| ; ! -- : n-. ; : ; --, i-n t.i
I,, appi.-i : fJ' ' : *- -nui'l - -'!'iM" : -- at, : ,;a t;, a! mall
ca 1 1 I'rai 1 1 h -re ; ! LI t t he i ! r. ei 1 1 1 1 1 ' ha - -i i H i I -i -I , , ,n -
^1 ni, -t inn in -ITU 1 1 ma > i mum -t TI-IIL;! h in l' : !'f?-' malt i ;
Tip- 1, ,,-k - I'ln I''"'- ! t" -i-.-n i ( 'In- -air a; ,- tip ;,--,: . -t :i.|\ . a m I
4o(> HISTORY or SKNKCA COUNTY.
are most admirably adapted to the purpose. The time movement and per-
mutation 1 1 1 ml tiers are closely connected within a space of t\\ o indies sipiare,
and perform all tip- functions of the ordinary bulky time and combination
locks of ten times the si/e. while possessing new feat u res of convenience and
security that will be readily appreciated by users. Mr. (irossalso finally
presents a lire-proof sale, of excellent design and calculated per maximum
etliciency in ihe protection of its contents from lire.
All Hie in\eiiiioiis of Henry dross, from his lirst " time lock." show the
master's hand of yeniiis. and now that he has practically demonstrated the
excellence ami in\ ulnerahi lily of the two last efforts of his skill.it is sin-
cerely to be hoped that bankers, county treasurers, and those who use safes
generally, \\ill look at the merits of Ids make before they buy the produc-
tions of mendacious man u fact urers. whose main merits consist in the liberal
use of printer's ink.
The various newspaper enterprises that were established in Tiffin
from time to time, the incidents connected with them, the political
views they advocated, the i|uest:ons that agitated the public mind from
lime to time, and the greater or lesser lights that figured on the aftirma
live and negative sides ol these questions, the results obtained In the
elections and all that and more, would make a very interesting book,
md it is hoped some TiHmite will some day take up the subject and
write up a volume.
A short history of these establishments in Tiffin, without comment, is
.ill that is intended here.
The first newspaper published in the county was the St~>it'<'<i l\itriot.
!'.. P.ro\\n. editor and proprietor. The little hand press upon which it
was printed was procured from Mr. I. 1'. McArdle. who claimed for it
thai it was the first printing press brought to Ohio.
The first number was issued August 4th. iS^j. Its motto was. " Con
stitutional Rights. Republican Institutions, and I'nion Forever."
The paper came out as circumstances would permit. Sometimes
the editor was out .it paper: sometimes out ot ink. Public patronage
was no! \ er\ Ljood. and the notn es and \\ork trom the c<iimt\ otticials
t'lirmed the prim ipal par' <>t his support. The Creates! trouble ot all.
however, was the triangular fi_:i): between the political parties. The
fii/n'ni \\ il\ pa|ier in 'lie < oimtv. and Mr. llrown undertook lo
.u ere, in nod ate I ill. ,i m i >e< u re < u -t i in i I r< >m i a < i i . I le proposed,
t h e r e 1 o re . to d e \ i > i e .1 < c r t a i 1 1 s p a < e o ! ea i ! > paper to a r 1 ; i I e s suitable
t.o the ideas oi eai h party, and headed them Cia\ pohtu s." [aokson
politii s," '-\\'irt politics." 1'or awhile he abstained from ;.tk;:i
pa-: a-i i re'iiiiii.'l n---itr.il. In', the U . _ > \>\ uii--.| him wit!; p.irt
Uilioura^e lor a while. |-;na!i\ the th.iu _'. " ;<:>:.-.. .1:1
anti Masou- so boisferou-. :ha: Mr. I'.MAH
anee. ind tinalK . on the .- 7 ; h o! ( ^ to',-:, i \;.-. !: . une ., ;: , , i:
I, .rial to deehire !:;> true ; !:.,n. He . .. i!d
complained ; men "i the three p.tr'ie-, who \\ere
< las m more than their -hare i >\ the paper, ,ind be.;! _ ;< ;-. . ; . ; hre.i
to injure the paper, eti . lie !inaii\ < mn '.':[, d h\ -a\ ;
be compelled to haul do\\ n our tri c olored lla.;. <*! to ! m .;.- e\j-!i< it,
v, e -h li! undoubtedly hoist true \merii an i olor-, and i; we are dm en
troni our po-ition we s-haii a--'ircd!v de< Lire lor Andrew |.n k-on .m-l
the I lemoi ratu party
Now the \\hi_;- withdreu their patronage; l.lu-r! and Mener i ,une
out in an open eard and refused to support the paper l>e< an>r ;t \\.is
no longer neutral. 1 i r o w n i i a d _; o n e over to the 1 . 1 1 k o n n i e n
In the next issue the editor -a\-: Irom uh.it ha- ,i!iead\ 'ran-
pi red we are i on\ i m ed \ve i an never _;: v r- -a; ; -Lii t ion vv h : !e we pur-ue
the eoiirse nr-i prescribed. l'art\ leel:n_; ;- -o urn li excited ;n :':r-
j)!.u e. that ieah>u-ie- w i!i ari-e. and uiiplea-ant measures \\-li t - take-,.
however | list our i au-e ma\ !>e."
That settled it. Mr. I'/H-ha I '.ro\s n -omet ; me attei look -.1 k .11,1'. liied
.it ('im innati. Hi- -on. | II. I'. rown. arried on (lie paper lor a short
time then-alter, and 'hen -old the pre-- and material to Mr. Aion/o
K aw son.
I ', -tore proi eediiiL; lur'.her in tlie his'oi-\ ot the pre--. fet u- rei oj-.i
-in h ev idem e a- < an be -ei u red to pre-er\ e t lii- i: : -! >rv
thi- 1 1 Id pr (-.-. svhii h i- eerlainiv vei\ ri-markaliie I' v\ a- ! n o i ; ^fii to
\Va-,hin^!ou I'enn -\ 1 vama. bv a Mi I 'o]er.< k. prior to the \ ear i ,s
. . some phi i e on t he Al 1,111 ! li i oa-I 1 ' v\ l- relllov ed 1 1 Mil \\ .! -li
in^ton to \\ellsbur-. Nir^mia. about ;he\e.r i -.- .| n | p \|, \,,i;,-.
\\ h 1 1 w . i - i v e i- v p o i ; ' e and i 1 1 1 e I i i ^ e 1 1 ! S ( o ! , h u i i n . a : \ d l:\eiiw.ti: ;
: i miA 'or a Ion _; t ime ,n Kej ml iii' . \\ hei .- i me . >! ii . ,*, .. \ ; \b\-dle.
Mi I I' Mi \'.: . M
' Jlilo. ul.rte : : : : :h-' A' i- i - .
408 HISTORY OF SF.NKCA COUNTY.
It must be acknowledged that this venerable press, in the service of half
a cent ur\ . has earned at least the reputation of a faithful 'herald of a noisy
world.' It has no doubt embla/oncd to the world the achievements of many
an eminent statesman, and probably chronicled as the\ occurred the stirring
e\ ents which gave our government its national existence. ( 'ommcncing' its
tour of pilgrimage upon the Atlantic coast, it has wound its way to the
fancied ' far west . It is indeed a relic of other days. lie who would com-
pare, at thisda>. that sturdy lever with the vast improvements made upon
its like, since its first da\s. would behold one of the most astonishing and
remarkable evidences of human skill ever developed in any branch of scien-
tific or mechanical invent ion."
If this be the first press uind it undoubtedly was) that crossed the
Alleganies. it should become the property ot the west, and here be pre-
served to attest the improvements in the " art preservative of arts."
Mr. Alon/o Rawson. who bought the press, issued the first number
of the />ii/<'pi'Hi/i-fi/ Clii'tniiclt <i>n/ St-/i<*i-<r Ath'crtiscr on the 26th of April,
i S ^4. M aking his bow to the people he said he would be independent in
politics, and advocate measures, not men. lie soon, however, leaned
over to the Whigs very strongly, and the leading Democrats put their
heads together to buy Rawson out.
Mr. Josiah 1- . Reed purchased the office from Mr. Rawson. and issued
the first number ot" the /////// Ga~-,-i/,- ami Scnccti Atlrertisrr in the
last week in November. i^S- as the organ of the Democracy.
During a large portion of the year i<\}6. it seems that there was no
paper published in Lower Sandusky, tor nearly or all the official notices
from Sandusky county during that time were published in the Gazette
here.
In the latter part of February. iS^.S, Luther A. Hall, who was one of
the principal leaders <t the \\higs ot Seneca county, bought the whole
concern of Mr. Reed, and immediately handed it over to Mr. Joseph
Howard, who was one ot' the early lawyers here, and the second clerk
of the common pleas court, a Whig, ot course. Mr. Howard kept the
name ot the (,',/:,//, for his paper, but dropped the Ac/rrr/isrr. In his
inaugural he s;i\ s that he muM ha\ e the support of all people who want
a newspaper, and throws himselt upon the \\hig party especially. Mr.
Howard, alter one or two issues, sold the- concern to Samuel A. (iris-
wold, who issued his first number on the ;th dav of April. i.S^S. and
conducted it as the organ of the Whigs until the tall of 1X42. when it
was discontinued. Mr. (iriswold is at present the editor of the I.an-
dis/t-/ <)hio' (Vi/>'//V. which has been under his charge for many years.
\\h;.t has become ol the old press i Now came on tin: ides of the
ever memorable campaign ot 1X40. and the Democrats without a news-
1 111
U illrnskr.i!! \Vi-i- s,
.SV/;-- ,/ ./,/ >.'.< I ":..- IMS-
is. (J Mr. |;,r>;.n , ,,11,1:1. tV! :iu
IIM-I-I! '" ! '1m I l.uiuh'T. u h :r
,U- , rr,tr,i t,\ U . \\ A I 111 s! r. >1U
until tin- \f.ir I*;.;, when Mr. AIIU-
hcr.unr its j,i -, ij.r.i-ti T. .1^ w,-il .is
until tin- sj.i ;n_; ,! iS'.^. \\lu-p hr rni
A M\,TS ;.) i.ikr < h.ir.ur "! thr in, r
\\.is ( -Ic, ;<>! in i > t'lluT. i ').. \1,. H
vvith.lri-\\ . .i!ni I . M . M \ i-fs h.nl , ':. i: .
tin- i>.ij'>'i" '-vcr s'ni, i-. \v:;h his .1, kn
prrs.r In th- linr D! |,..liii.->
tin- firs; >-.;,- , ,; tin- / .//; /'.'/ '.' .' . :.
1 I,-- .!,,ru'ir i! .i.i.in-
Sr!lr\. l.s.j . .i!,,! .1 , -.|,\
\\ 1 11 ( 1 '. -ft'.
In tin- - n 1 1 1 1 1 < r "I j S p 1 1 \ i
.1 , u 1 1 i . Lit*' ; 1 1 r i n i 1 1 1 1 1 r i i : t i ; r
- 1): MI... r.i'i. i, ir:\
410 HISTORY (>!' sKNKCA rOt'NT\.
lionic here h\ our I Vic i ii Is in subscriptions. (Mir desire in addressing you is.
to solicit such ;i'nl as \on ma\ devm proper to extend, to enable us to com-
mence tin 1 publication. Ami \\ e ;tssmv \mi thai such ;ii<l MS you may alTonl
will In- uTatefuli) receivd. ,unl I'aillil'nlly applied to the purpose intended,
and tin 1 furtherance of democratic )irinci|)lcs in northwestern Ohio.
The uecessit) of M ( !! man 1 >('in<>rral ic CM per in this -ed ion of the State
located, too. in the 1 1, inner -list rid of ( )hio will he apparent to you. when we
state that there are in this Seneca count) ahont eiuht hundred (.ennan
Democratic voters at lc;ist I \\ent\-li\e hundred in this con<;ressional dis-
trict and donlitless from lil'leen to t\\ enty thonsMiid in northwestern Ohio
amoim' \\ horn \ve CMII numlier some of the most un\ i elding Democrats in the
State yd are comparative!) destitute of the means of acquiring political
information.
1 f successful in commencing' this piihlication. \\e fed assured Imndreds.
if not thousands, can he rallied to the polls, and man\ induced to M speedier
natnrali/ation. who have heretofore felt indifferent as to the importance of
acquiring the rights of cil i/.ens. and the i> - lorious privileges of an American
freeman and thus swell. 1>\ thousands, the Democrat ic vote of Ohio.
For such amount as may lie contributed h\ \ourself. and other friends in
your place. \\ e will, of course, furnish the proper numlier of papers, weeklv.
in remuneration. Will you exert \ ourself ad iveh a mony the friends of the
cause, and advise us as soon MS possinle of \oiir success, elc. 't
.10 HI. W. WILSON.
RICH AIM) \\ II. LI A.MS.
WILLIAM LA.\(,.
JOHN <;. URKSLIN.
I JeinocrMt ic ( Vntral ( 'oinmittee.
TII-I IN. l-'elii'iiar> I. 1^^.
This call \va> answered by itinds stitlnirnt to purchase a lot of tvpe
tor a ( icrnian paper, and the first copy of the .SVv/r<w .!,///> made its
appearance about the latter part of April. [848. and appeared weeklv for
just six month-; William I.MIIL; was the editor, and |ohn (I. ISreslin the
publisher. At the end ol tills time. Mr. Ilreslin was elected a member
of the general assembly, and i^ettini; ready to L^O to ( 'olumbus. had
nobody to look alter the .ti//i'r\\\ the oltii e. and the writer found other
and more prontable employment. The ./,//</ was the first ('.erman
papei' published in Seneca < onnt\ . The next (ierman newspa]ier pnb-
li-hed hen wj- the ( //.ww /'At^^t'. J. M. /.ahm. editor and proprietoi';
and thet'nird. /)'< /'////// /'/v.v.\v. (ieor^e Ilomann. editor ami propri
etor: both ot whu h -hall be noticed a^ain.
( )n the i.Sth ')] November. 1^45, the hr-; number of the /////^
S/'iHif'ii'i/ l .\ .1- i-.-ueil 1>\ (ieorLie i .. \\hartoii. editor.
llie t ii lowing i-- the com iusioii oi the editor'- " saint at or\'," \-j/ :
\\'t -hall enter Hi ii' prut e-t au'.i in-t the Locofocn pa rl \ and labor ardent !\
for the p|ese|'\ at iiill nl those pi i lie i pie-, beipleal lie.! [n Us b\ t he pa I I'ii it s of
the revolution tlie prineijiles of llie Wlii.tr part\ a part) \\ Imse oi-j^in was
! If I I-KK
) l
utir roiint i\ '> rt-\ ululii'ii. ami ulm-i- ii.|ciii\ .in. I |..it i it SMII .t-|i!i-\ .-.! ,,n<
illi|r|M-)l'lr!|i-r. I I H i|| I hi-, ii| ...lil |ii;ilt<MM U i- -ha Si -t.lh.i. .Hi! I- !il!'_' ll! lll!\ t-i
liln-rl). ilf-pi-inu' anaivh\ .un! .1. -i>.>: :-m \\ n!i an <-\< -in::!.- ! itn- int. !.-!
of mir ruimlrv . trrlin'_ r a--ill v<l that ii|..ni t hr intr_'i !t \ -.[tin \\ ii : _ [MI I \ .
i -!- mil ili--l iii\ a- a nal urn. "
Mr. \\ harton . ..mini t,-.! :':.< - p. \v; ; .
low. -i ! liv Abraham I ,i<::>.:i ;;. u :: > < jiv" ; ; ! r :.. \ :.. v . i: . ( :.. ! -. !!
out to < 'ap-aii: M Kee. u ho i D;.,:.;, :. o ; :.. pi i - . . A . ; ; V\
( ' . ( i !' a S ! i : r a n H ! ; > * t i ; ! i ; . a i 1 1 i i 1 1 . 1 ! l .; ' i ' : . - : l 1 1 1 1 ' /.;/':
1 Ir li'i! 1:1 I M. I , a! u Is;, h time ! !i!l K '!
finiu'ii i!> p'liilii a'uin nn;,i !.->'.;. \\hrn .' .u '" :.a!i_'-'i i. lii'i-. ]-.i--.n^
inlo thr [)i)^-.fs-,iDii ''! \lir.t I lain k.i^\. \\i;ii ci i.'ni .' IJM! a >..,;: t->jnc.
wlu'ii Mr--! 1 -, \l\cr-. a n 1 1 Millrr Imn^li! h;in ii'it. anil |. -i . ':>'.> lit '! thf
|>a|HT until iSfc-i. In No\ i-inln'r n! tin- \ rar i v '. x , Mc^^r^ ( harlc- \
I .oc kr ami i >';- I. l.mkr |.'ir< lia^nl tin- ott'ui-. anl it n..i- .-\ rr s-nt i-
in- en ctnuiinu-i I uinlcr tin- linn nanir i! I .< , k<- .\ l' r. > V\'!u-:i ihr U hi.:
part \ inrr^ci i .\ cr am i : n ti > the i\r| .'li/iii an j .! rt \ . ' In- / : !. ! i. .-.\ c. i
thr tran-it. anM ha^ f\cr since ln-rn iln- nr^an u: -! :' Ri-p-iM in p.irt\
.it S i n i i a ( 1 1 1 1 ' : ! \ . I 1 1 1 j < . i p r r ha- a 1 a r _; r i ; r< ' ! '. . s I > ' ; . .n' 1 i I- ^ < ' ' \ ' ' ' '. \
cditni !.v < i. T. I. <>i kc. who i- -till a: hi- p..-t.
In <)(-(..!,(!. iS;.}. |. M /ahm, I -.;. -:.u :.-. ! a ( rnnan i -a
/ '//>,-; , //./^ s .-. a;n 1 i on; ni'ii-il tin- p-:'h: a a: ;o; ; i\\n\] | an-iars . i " "7. I '
-up]n Ttcil I H'liHM r.itii |iriiK iplc- iron, an iniii-pfii'lcn' -!-.i: .'.: . '.. "I'iir
ottit f \\ a- punha-cil In l.lmcr \\lnic aii'l I 1 rank l\a.ii-i?!'.;,ij i>'>->. wlin
. (ininn.-ni r,l ilu- puMii .itimi ot an lin^ii^h paprr. iinii-pi-niicn: n po
lii -. < alU-,1 th<- /'.'//.;/ .S/,/y , In U.tol.rr, i -^7 ;. \l.---r- I k Hi.hi'r
ami 1 r i n k I ) ; 1 1 ! i n i p i r c 1 1 a - r i i tin- o f 1 1 1 r . 1 1 1 1 latter r < t r . n _; r : 1^7;. i : ! i r
wlii. h tiiii-- the paper wa- pul.ii-h.Ml 1,\ M, H-nhiie .,';., n, . vsh
it into a da;l\ , ma. li- a nil >-t -pit \ >lin-r . an. I t'ne lir-' .i.i;i\ :; u -. \ ,
'['ittin e\.-r hail. ll ,-. to he rc^retteil tliat \1 r. Il'iihile w/V-
I a i n e 1 1 \\ ! ! h ! 1 1 n 1 1 - , a - h > h i > 1 1 1 1 ! 1 1 i v < ! M e ! i . 1 1 1 1 ; ; ] t i ; e o 1 1 1 . '-;'..! : i \
i : o n . ' - own r e - o n r< e > , \v h : . h ; ; \s o 1 1 . . i h a \ e . i . >'. \ < : n t - i ; . . : . i ". i i
412 HIS TORY 0V SKNKCA COUNTY.
its first number in April. iSjS. It \v;is ;i weekly neutral family news-
j)aper. well edited, and very clean and neat in its mechanical appear
ance. decidedly the most readable family paper published in the city;
appeared only about one year, when it was suspended tor want of
proper patronage. Mr. /.all in sold the office some time afterwards to
1). |. Statter. Fsq.. who. as the editor and proprietor of the 'J'ijfhi .\V?i'.r,
a weeklv family newspaper, issued the first number on April 3. iXXo.
It is a beautiful and interesting tour page sheet.
The circulation of all these weeklies is about 5,000.
In addition to all these newspapers, large quantities of daily papers
from Cincinnati, Cleveland, Toledo and Chicago are sold by the news-
boys. There are more that 5,000 newspapers and 3,000 periodicals
distributed at the Tiffin postottice every week in addition to the above.
What further proof is required to show that Tiffin contains a reading
population i
The letters and papers sent by the Tiffin postoltice number over
i 5.000 per week.
Foreign dailies are sold lo the number of }oo or more by the news-
boys.
\VII.I.IA \i w. ARMS i ROM;.
Hitherto, in glancing over the history of the press in Tiffin, verv little
has been said about two distinguished men connected with it, and who
did more than any of their predecessors to elevate the tone of the
press and improve the style mentally and mechanically, thus fitting it
to the demands of the age and the requirements of" a higher order of
newspaper literature.
( >ne of these men is the >ubject of" this sketch, and if time and mate
rial can be procured before this chapter goes to the printer, there will
also be added a short pen picture of the other.
Mr. Armstrong was born in New Lisbon. ( )hio. on the i.Sth day of
March. iN.^.v He is the youngest son of (ieneral John Armstrong, a
prominent arid influential citi/en of ('olumbiana county. In 1X47, on
the jyth dav of Mav. when only two months pa--i fourteen years of age.
\\ illiam became an apprentice to the printing business in the office of
the S, //,,! .1 ilri'i'l i-^i-r . at Tiffin, then published by |ohn(i. Mreslin,
F.MJ.. a position he was compelled to take owing to the financial
rc\ cr>c> of his father. William \vu-> then a Minu.ll bov, and the writer,
bei;'i_ an old friend ot Mr. llreslin. and vi>iting the office of the AJrcr-
//..v very often, well remembers the little fellow sitting at the desk trv
inj, penmanship, and looking up into my face with his large blue, sad
eye. that Deemed to speak of homesickness or loss of friends. < )iir old
riti/nis t i i. wril rriiu-in!>-'r t !i !i >\ w.'.h :i. - :< I 'ir.s. h:> ir.r-id.v M .
his pi!;shrd niannris, .1- hr <!'',. \ rri d his in \\ sp.tp ( -i -, rvrrv VNC< k !! .1
<Miipiro: vrais I; \sa- tn>; HIM.; attn !: . .u:.\.u i.r:r ':n'.i \\..!:.un
had a llnst ,! friend- .imoiu thr nldrl (las- ,,! ,.tir .. t :/::- ii -
spr ;_h' i :nr-- and alnlitv -in.n rinlr.itril :i;ni !. ii.-rmp. ivrr. M : lire-
l:n. vvh'' in. H'.I iiiin iMir n! ii.- laiu.lv.
Mr. Ai 'M-:;. -;i_: v\niknl .it h.- tr.Mir. m .t>;"iia'!v
I'llil i iri.il i < >! 'ini iis iii thr /./; ' .': > ' . UM' . . i .>, j \\ hr n \1 : ! ' :,--'.. :i \s .1-
trra-'irrr i>t -tatr. hr innii re.i h.:n :i:c iii!i< .- ,: i,-^v-ti i , ;: ;>.H.N <!<.
jiarliurnt at thr -t itr trr.isiirrr'- '>nn r. \vh;. 1. ':.-. i'iJr.1 u:'h -..i'.-.i.n
tn m i if thr hanks ,IIH! thr t rra-M! r: |, >\ alu nit t \\< > v car- I : - i.tr . il .1
( irl'k \V a- illst.i-tclu! '' Vnilll^ \ I Ills' i , i|i^. ,uni hr rrt'inici'l t-i 1 .'!r: .11
i^;|. p'an 'c.isn! thr AJ:<I!I^'>. ami rntrrnl nil ).;- inai'intv .MH! <-.i;-
tnnal i arrrr almii; thr s.nnr ;;nir
'I'lir \"U',_ writrr liritu an ar.lint 1 (riinn rat. thr .//'.':' \s a-
c oiuliH trd as a 1 )rni<)( rati< nr^an : thr -i r;< tr-: -<-,>. aini lu- i>r;iu a
1411111! Inisinrs- man i^rr and a vi_;nrni;s \vi;:rr. -nun madr i; - : a 1 ,"-: .1
pi i\v r r in il' irthu rstrrn < >li n >. In 1^5 ; tir \\ a- appn;nto i \>\ I ': -. irnt
I'.ut hanan [M /-tma-trr at Tittin. an "Mn r vvhii h hr !:r!il unl , i -'M. \v!:rn
hr u.is rrt.ifii lr, a Krp'i!>i;< an -MI i r--'>:'.
(In thr i th nl \ii\rnilirr. i S ^ - . Mr. \ : in-' : >n^ vs.i- :n.i:: >'. '. \\.~-
ha- iirrii 1 i\---r> i A ;' h th I'rr ( ir. ':< Irr ii. t \v > i m\ -. '; i >; h n,i\\ ; t . :. aini i:ir
(lauuhtrr. M;-- I-alirlla 11 . surviving
Mi'. Arin-t;-' >;u's pn-.;t;,in .11 p.iht.< - ;n Srnri ., > ::\-\. rid ':..- ^rn:.ii
i, at ni'r . iii.iiir 1, ;ni a stn MI:; in. in m his i '. in \ , n i In: stat . and : -' r:^th
a^r. hr \va- rlri tr.i -r. rrtarv .1! -tatr ni < '!;:.' 11 -
I n . '. k r thai i 1 1 1 i i ( i ) I >. r ill 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 r t a 1 1 1 t . - - ! : . < \\ n ! < \ ti.' 1 '.
;h iin .1; .-'. i ili'in ;'- ir]mi'!> IM-I ainr th.r inn-t ; ;:!<'.-:.
SMir .I- ..l!Mi:.-!its. I |r , oil,-, tnl , !r, ' , ,M -t.it '...
41 4 msTOKV OK SK.NKCA rorvrv.
suspended Cleveland l*laindeale>\ and selling the /////// Aiirfrtiscr to
the Messrs Myers, he transferred his efforts to the metropolis of north-
ern ( )hio. the t it v tit ( 'leveland.
Owing to the death t,t |. \\". (irav and subsec|uent unskillful manage
men! the /'i ! iiin t /i'ii/t-i had been brought into a very unfortunate con
dition. as was indicated by its suspension.
It is a severe task to revive a dead newspaper, yet Mr. Armstrong
not only did that, but in a tew years made the l*laindealer one of the
leading newspapers ot the west. A clear, vigorous, ready writer, self-
educated and nervy, he naturally took a bold, aggressive course, and
neither friends nor enemies had the slightest difficulty in knowing what
he meant. He showed himself on all occasions a Democrat of the
school of lackson and llenton. unswen ing in favor of state rights, home
rule and hard money, ami those time-honored principles he was pre-
pared to maintain against all opposition, either by voice or pen. for if
Mr. Armstrong had made any efforts he would have taken rank as a
very graceful orator and stumper.
In iShS Mr. Armstrong was elected delegate at large from Ohio to
the Democratic national convention, which met at New York, and
which nominated Horatio Sevmour tor president In 1872 he came
within a tew votes of securing the nomination for congress in the
Seneca- -Krie district. In 1-^7,} he removed his family permanently
to ('leveland. and settled in a beautiful little home. In 1X76 he was
chosen b\ the Democrats ot the Cuyahoga district, the second in point
of population and wealth m the state, to represent them in the St. Louis
Democratic national convention, and again in uSSo the same compli-
ment was paid him bv the same district, and he was chosen a delegate
to the convention \\hich nominated Hancock and Knglish tor president
and vice president His co-delegates to that convention selected him
as the member ot the Democratic 1 national cxe< "tive committee from
Ohio. One young printer bov from old Seneca has made himself a
repula! ion as an able and < a p able politic ian. In ever\ capucit \ in lite 1
in whit h !', = has been tried, he has been found e<]ua! to the occasion.
A biographv in the hist or \ of Cuyahoga county says of Mr. Armstrong:
\Vi i! in iiis ntin e. he is out nt it. a nun o! dec ;dcd < onvictions
and strong will. a!wa\s ,\ potent force i councils ot his party
and i : i ' ' ' i he l:\e--. I I < never has allowed
lii> - ' ' ugs in i out to 1 him in his personal and social re
r - warm iriends in ail parti' 1 -. His career is one
: ,vi t h s ; ; -j 1 1 ; \\\ b; everv resid - ut of Seneca
4 '5
I r.i, su :lu- h>torv : the pre-, ..
to r i. i 1 1 r 1 1 .1 \ e i \ s ; r . i : i _ e ; . i : : ; - n
th.it alte, ted tiu- ..1.! U !>ij;S :n *>'*!$ '
l)-.hnie:i' iii a i, 'it he: iii-u >j i.ij-i i i .t,
I he i^rea' i j'u - >t ;< MI it! -ia\ er\ d;\e
\\ lll^ pari\. I he 1 'rlili M r.i!> Urrr
thrv ( < i'iM set- MO c on^t i ttitioM.il \\ .i\.
iiiLj MH-M in the \\'lii^ I'-irt\ h.i'l lr-
(('.K'-tioM. aii'l ' iru'.tm/f | the " I- ree
]oincd th'.-in: e\eii M.irtin \ an I'.'iie
detente o| l'i<ir i i!a war." " r ;<>ltl >;
the 1 le!iioerai> hail ^Uilered (oiiMtl--
< aMiiiii.iti- "! tin- ' I- ree >. i.iei ^ ' \v
There \v i- i i in-:dera!)ie o; a -'impede ttonith' I >em. " i at ; ; < ;!;% ;<>
the l-ree >.,>[> ' -..!) r M --:>
< 'a-- and I!';; ':- r. ! '. .r.d.d i'e- : ' :. I 'en MI :-.- -. lit:
-'led I)\ Mr. \ in ilureii A a- ' i: e - it .-.; c . . .11 . .: a re\ ei._e j_ i . ;i-t < a--.
it Tree --oiled \ i': li'iiei;'- '.line a- a -'ate-nian aii'i patriot.
A \er\ re- the \\ !.._;->! i i"-:n:\ .eam-d
over to tree -oili-m, and Mr. \\harto-! \\ith hi- A/,/ >:.:,!>: -':pp"rted
their i au-e. Tin- let! the old regular- wi:h<nit a paper, ar.'i the t ia\
\\ ii:^- -aid -oine unplea-ant tiling to Mi. \\'harto;i. ^. mie \\nlidre\\
Whar'on hid howled lhe\an Uuren iiuiner. a pie-- and I\pe. i a-e
a;,d printer-, \\cre !irou-!n i.. I'Mnn ind the '::-' ---;e ..; :iie V-.- . /
II'.:. - a \\ ! i , e ! . _; 1 1 : 1 1 ; d a \ o n ' i . e j i ' i ; > ''. . i \ '. ^ e ; . i :.:':. \ i > . i - ; ^ .
410 HISTORY OK SK.NKCA COUNTY.
1869, at a meeting held in the city hall of Tiffin in conformity with the
call hereto attached. This notice was published only eleven short years
ayo. and alreadv more than one halt of the signers have passed over
the troubled ocean ot lite: but their names should be preserved.
A PIOXFFR ASSOCIATION OLD FOLKS. ATTFNTION :
As one after another of the old settlers of Seneca county are leaving us,
afid their numher is continual!) yrowiny less, we express but a general wish
when we call on \oii. the siir\i\ors. whom a kind Providence, has. in his
mere), spared up to this time. t> meet with us at the next anniversary of
Washington's birthda). February .'. IM>!. at in o'clock A. M.. in the City
Hall, in Titlin. for the purpose of oryaiii/iny a Pioneer Association.
We desire to preser\e amoiiy the archives of the association, the names of
the old settlers, both male and female, and incidents of frontier life in this
count). Let us meet and oryani/e in the morning, adjourn for dinner, and
spend the afternoon in social chat, listening to speeches, frontier anecdotes,
etc. We would also invite as man) of other friends as can make it con-
venient to be with us: believing that to see the old bushwhackers " to-
gether would afford them pleasure.
Abel Raw-on. Francis Rife. .Jacob Neikirk.
Mrs. Ann K. Sciiey. Andrew Albright. .James Patterson.
(i..J. Keen. Phillip Seewald. W. C. Myers.
.1. A. (iibsoii. A. Keuhler. Thomas Halt/ell.
Meiijamin Pittenyer. .J*>hn Dockweiler. \\"m. Lamhertson.
Luther A. Hall. .Jeremiah Williams. .James Pence.
Mrs. .1. A. Pittenyer. Henr\ Flihert. Henry VandejihuryJi.
.1. II. Pittenyer. Samuel (iross. Samuel Kridler.
C. C. Park. Klder Lewis Seit/. Mrs. Fleanor Hrish.
W. Il.t.ihson. Henry St. .John. Mrs. Thomas Lloyd.
Dennis I-'. Cramer. Levi Davis. Daniel Dildine. sen..
Andrew lieryderfer. Samuel Ilerrin. Thomas Thompson.
Mr. Caroline F. .laeck. I'. P. Coonrod. Mrs. S. Penninyton.
A mos N i'-hols. William Toll. .Joseph P>ever.
Mrs. Margaret Kroh. K/ra Derr. .Jacoh Price.
II. A. Huskirk. Mrs. Sarah IIuss. \\'ildman Loomis.
(t. L. Keatinir. I'riah Kybert. .lames ( ioetchis.
Richard llaker. S. S. Hunter. Richard .Jaqua.
-John Kau r a. -"I... .lohn Keller. Spencer St. .John.
Ivlcn L>-a-e. M. Kirchner. William Lany.
\\ . C. Hed'_ r f-. 1!. \\'. Shawhan. Peter Lant/..
A. Phillip-. Mr-. <i. D. Sha\\lian. Phillip Went/.
II. Kuhn. .lohn \\'. l-lastman. Samuel Shade.
Mi 1 -. M. ('amphcll. Samuel Ink. Dr. A. F>enham.
\\ . II. Keilliolt/. Mr-. Nanc) Kline. I-lra.-t u> .Junes.
Phillip Kitm. .John < iuisbert.
ne.it h . Abraham Rine.
railed
j>r.iy<T.
reMr\ .
follows
tor MM i I L ;.U \ . \V:ii: iin I ,.i::_ . ' n ;
Ri'mtl.ir IIIIT', M)_> 'A i-! i- livM t.-i -
intiTi->t ;n^ ; i"i' !r..ir.\ oi i;;r >,[,[ ^, ;
lik- 111 SclU'i .1 tll.l! u (Tf !i. Mil |.ic.l->;;
wcrr liciil -:n<c ;!:f lic.ilh oi I )r K ;;!::)
418 HISTORY OK SKNKCA COUNTY.
.\UK\ Il7i< n ini'l irtx-n-hiiin. Timr lomtfd lter<:
James M. Chamberlain Auuust J.;, I-Siiti, Coltiinbiaua county, Pa. Seneca, December. l.S^i
A. P.. McCIelland June 7. ISIS Center counts . I'a. Bloom, November. K!n
Thoma- K. Fllis August v . 17'.'."). Bin lingtou c, unity. N. J. Clinton, June, l.sjs
Fred. Ki-hler October -.'.', l,v.."). Mullen county, I'a. Tillin. April -JO. 1S:I
Mrs. F.li/aheth Kishler March L 1 .'.. IS..;, Franklin county. I'a.
Joseph llerrin July _'(>. Isli). Columbia county . I'a. Clinton. August, l.s.'s
Samntl llerrin August '21. IsU, "
John Free -uptember 1, l-l'.t, Berkley county. \'a. Venice, October ~">, lsj:>
Mrs. Kli/abeth Klicrt January ..', Isnj, Bucks county, I'a. Tilliu, November lo, lliil
Mrs. Maria .-hauhan November 1".. 1-ln. Frederick co., Md. Hopewell. June'JS, 1SJI
layman White No\ ember I. 1st |, ( meida county, N. Y. I teed, spring of Ii8
Dr. Henry Kuhu oci. j.s, 1 S 0-, Frederick co., Md. (dead) Tillin. August, 1HJ8
Upton It. Flenner March PJ, 1S|1. Tiflin, May, lH:;r>
Joseph Richards April 7, 17!iJ, Fayette couniy I'a. Clinton, December Hi, l.Si^
Hours Davidson October 1 s , 1.-I-, Pickauay county, (t. Seneca, March, 18'iJ
Jacob M. /.ah m Njvi-mberH. isus. Palatinate, Bavaria Thompson, Sept -4, 18:iJ
Hugh \\'elsh l-'cbruary Is, lsi.il. Beaver conn ty, Pa. Kdcn. spring of 1SM
Ml foil Sexton June I, ISli,", Tollard coiitity, Cjnn. Huron eo.. Sept. Si I, IS'Jt
Syl\c-ier B. ('lark February J. l-'^ 1 , Monroe couniy. \'a. Tillin, Aumisl 1, IS'!:)
Mrs. Catharine !". ,-ouder May 'JJ, |s_::,, JeilVrsou eouiiiy, \"a. Ho]icwell, full of 18. in
Nalh. N. spielman March _ .">. l-l"i. \Va-hiii'_'tou couniy. Md. IMcasant. April -,'0, is;i>
April 'JI. !>!-, 1'airlie'i.l coui.tv, O. Clinton, I SJ I
February JI, I-'U, Freil rick eonnty. Md. (Union. ls:;i
lieuii c. Pin. -nuer January -1. is:;ii, 'I'itlin
Alma II. I'ittellger ( i.-iober ::l, 1-1 1, Sleiibi-n coil in y, N. \ . I'M en.
Mis. Maruarei Wai.- on .1 une :! \ lsj:j. Ceiiier eounl \ . Pa. Bloom, Is ;u
Mr-. l-:ii/al..-ih |ior--e\ November !', 17. .:i. l-'aytte county, I'a. Tillin. is:,i;
Mrs. Hannah llerin I leeemher 'J. 1-b'., Maryland Clinton. is:j:>
Mrs. \lar\ P. l.'tng July In. MS, Columbia county, Pa. Clinton. <priii'-; of isj 1 .
I .on N See '.\ aid -eptcmber !'. l s :;i . I'alatina'.e. Bavaria Tillin. A u. gust IS. |S.'t;
Jaiue- A. Sohn No\ ember I'.'-, Is ;j. Adams county , !',(. Tiiliu. April 'Jl. is il
Kobeit NiehoN her ber L', ]sj7. Berkley iMe.ml\ . Va. Kden. November, IS !(
Arthur Morrison \ugusi -, M ;, Jell'.-rxni county, o. ( I i nton, March I'l. 1S_S.
Mrs. Jane Dildine November ', isn.;. ( 'olnmbia CO., I'a. c.intou, Ma\ Hi, ISJ!)
James . .rillin \pril 1", I7:"i. Berkley comity. \'a. Ivlen, fall of IS ;|
S. A. M\ir- 1 leeemb'T I, I -.'in, l'en'\ couniy, ( i. Seneca, September. 1S".:>
He/.t'kiah Seal le- December I. 1-lu. Fairti.-ld count). 1 '.
Mrs. Kii/a A. Dearie- Jnl\ II. 1-17. Northampton county, I'a. ( Union, '.sj.'i
P. M . c. Martin -eptember 1-. '.s :J, perry county, o. Kden, Ma\ , 18:!t>
Mr-. Barbara \lartin l-'ebruar> I 1 . 1 . 1S::|, Seneca county, o.
Jacob Price heeeml,,.,- is. I 7! 1C,, Kckingham co, \'a
Mr.-. Nan. > 1'rjee -eptember 1 I. is.ii. Nuri :iam jitoii eo, !'
Henry II. Sdiock November _', is HI, York co.. Pa. -lead
Mr-. Miiivarei --hock DecHmbcr 1". is i|. Fn-.leriek co , Md.
Mr-. Kli/abi Mi Ja'|iia October :', JT'.'S, Scneneetad\ co.. N. V.
John Wa\ -e| ii em ber 1 , 1-1.;. Pen y count > . ' '.
Mrs. Sarah \\ a\ \la rdi 17. Is; ] . I''raiiklin counts . ' >.
Jacob Ho-sler Januarys ISMI, \dam- county. Pa
Mrs. \nn Ho-l. : linn- : 1-1 I. Stark coiinls , ' >.
Mrs. I-:. I. Wat-on March '.i, ISM, NVa-hitiu'ton count .. n. Kden, 'St:,
Mrs. l-'.sa Kir-bne; -eptember, is P_', Franklin count v . I'a. Kden. 1SJ7
Henr\ March is. 1-,J, linden. '.. rm;<ns F.den. lS!i
Thoma- \\.--i -epti;m>.er I ,:->; Brou n . ounty, N. 'i . p,| i,i-jj
Nanc> l .\e,i \|,, : i.-,,],. . s , , ,.,,,, , ....imty. Pa.
Leo. Mel.a'i r 1 ,, iT'.'s. luiiiala e eiiiiy, I'a. -eiieca r..,. -ept. _" isj,.
Jo-eph Mine; March -J'., Is 17. i :, i.-r and ,-c... Pa. St-ncca i-o.. Sejil. is. IS.JJ.
Archib-iM - ;. r/.;. i.yc miing couniy, Pa. Sdpio, 1M...
William Da . i- Ian a : y i -, i -I'.i. I'.-; ; couniv (>. -e'.ieca co Nov. IJ ISJ'j
1 1 \v.i- I :; 'ir> I i\ r\ .:;'!_ . \ .
( 'term, in i! I/-MI-. u; 'l';:;ii: n:-
strrrt, in I'iiMM. .i-.i'l < '!.: iiii
( 'hr:>;;,i!i l\ \u\> >}.\. .i'i < '.''. * ' ci :M.I
Fir^t Irip H-> < 'liri^t i.in Mii'-ll'-i
I .4111 i- /i IllllH-l . .|i ill II I ,;ill \.
FiiM IM-- l...iii-, Miil.-r. Chri>
Mrrkt'lbarli.
Srroli.I ti-||.tr \\'!!ll-illl IJ.-lX r '-l-
Strirkcr. ('ail Sia'll niilliT.
Second li;i-.-s I'll. Flllii'll. I-'l'itlli-i-
Mi.h.fl Mill. -i. rtn-1-.liaii M'-^.-hn^l.
an srliin-;i|fi . .lnlin K'-n < tui'-i . .Inhn
I-'. \\ . I'.nui-i. Will "-u aM. Sim. in
Kif^. Ailam 1 1 nth. .lorph Va.-^'i-i.
>n>t it 'i; :< MI wlihh u~.i> .11 l
4JO HISTORY 01 sl.NKCA OK'NTY.
The society lost one member on the battlefield ol (iettysburg when
Jacob Bise tell.
The first saengcrfcst alter the war, met in Columbus. ()hio. in 1X65,
the next in I.oui>vil!e. k'entm ky in iSdC). It met in Indianapolis in
i .So 7 and in Chicago in 1808. In the l\\o last mentioned the Bruder-
bund participated by delegates only. At Chicago a resolution \vas
adopted to have bi-annual festivals. The first saengerfest thereafter
met in Cincinnati in 1X70. when the whole Bruderbnnd participated.
They were with the North \\ extern at St. I.ouis in 1X7.' and at Cleve-
land in i 870.
The Bruderbund then attached itself to the Ohio district and sang at
its lesmal in (."olumbus in 1X78. In 1X7^ an invitation to meet with
the Peninsular Singing Association at Toledo was accepted.
The neM < ' >hio saengerfest will meet at Akron, which the Bruderbund
will support.
Mr. kimoid served as director up to I'^S- ^'he.n Charley Boos was
elected lo succeed him and .served until 18^7. when (leorge Sj)ies was
ele< ted. and \\ho wa-, ai^ain succeeded bv Mr. Boos, and tor the last ten
years Mr. Spies has been the director.
( >\ the ;irsi members only three survive, the two Ber^er.i and Mr.
Merkeibach. fourteen honorarv member^ have also died. Since its
lir-t or^ani/.ation the societv has sun:; at over one hundred lunerals
and church and other dedications. |)urin^ the prevalence ol the
cliolera in 1 ill! 1 .), when manv tamilies had nio\'ed awav from town and
things looked gloomy, the Bnnlerbumi mel two or three times a week
at the court house \ ard in the evening and enlivened the stillness ot
the night with many a beautiful refrain Irom their choicest pieces.
'1 hey have in iw sixtv honorarv members. The present orgam/ation is as
lollow.s. vi/ :
Din-cttir dcurgf S|iics.
I'n-siilcnl ( icui'LCi- A . LanttTiiiili-h.
Sccr<-iar\ I''ITI|. \\'. Bcr^i-r.
'i'ri-iiMirt-r \\'illi;uii Berber.
l-'ii'st tcinii s \\'i!!i,iin I Icrnld. ( ,fnrL. r c A. I.aiitfnnilcli. ( 'harlt-s \\'rinicli,
i ifnr^v Laiilcrniili-li.
Sfciuiil tenors \\'illi;iin l'.cr'.;< i 1 . !'. \\'. Bcr^i-r. IMIIip (iniiniucl. Nidiulas
llui-iliiiir.
l-'n-t ha>s .I.iini Mcrkclliadi. .Ju>. Miller. Mart in Albrt-dit. Frit/ KcktTt.
> i- i u,is- i 'I,, i'l'i-i ili-r. .|nl in 1 )nt t . ( riMirgc I Im nan
1111. i'l I I ! i I \ :: '.p '\ |i .' >, H I I-. IV.
( )n i';< i:\-cningol theinth of Mav. 1X70. there met at the house ol
Mr. Heiirv lii'oss. on Samhiskv street, a lew voiinu' nu.-n and vouiig
}_'
meeting \v. i-> allcil to onlc-. M: i H. \l.il.-; prr-olc-l . Ms, l-Min.e
! <>nl w.is .ij>])< unleil sci i e; .u \ \ < . iinm ::!; \\ .is .IJ.JM .;n:r-il ;. i ; .p-t'.irc
,i suitable iiiMstitntii.il i:nl rcpor: .1: ihr MIX: meeting I'l-ntrs..,^ |.
M. U.irh. i.l S.uul'i>k\. M:-. \I.ir\ I.!. c .1, .-.!, I ) r \V;!Lir.i.
Mr-. U. u -!)c> .lib! Mi--, Jennie l-'r>! \\eie .i].ji. :i:ti-. i S:K h , , niunittcc.
A! the .uii'i'irnei 1 meeting "l \l.i\ .' - . I s ;' 1 - the < <>rn:u.t:cc rc|M.:-i,-il
.iml .i < < >n-t ;tuii' >n u i- .nl"|i:eil. I mi;-- I Irn h S\.IN !., (-,! presuK-iit ,
Mi l.nhr. \ : i- prevalent: ( '. 11. M:l!ei. -r n-t.ir\ , !l.irr\ l!'i^k:rk.
tre.i-utei. M:>- ('nr.i I'M^li. h!u MM.UI . I'r. If-.-M.r I \! l!nh. iniisii.il
ilirei tr. \MMII_; the .1. nvr nienilier> u ere 1 I !r ; ( !>, |- 1 .i".i : - \\ ,i_;ncr .
M.ilh. I'.i'iHne .in.l Kilu-ll.i W.i^n.-r. I'eter l'!'e:it"er H.ir:\ (ir..->s.
Rol.er! I :-her, limner I'.r:, ker. M.irv 1 : > -rt. I >r. \\ :li ir.l .in,! Mi. h.iei
Si .innel.
I lie !ir-' ji'il)!;t ].le-e!li Itiull >l 'he sni :e!\ \\.i- ,-; \\ -ji,-
\.r t ;un.il Hill, wliii h w.i- I'M!'!, .\s c>! '.\ !ii,i:i\ ..-!!,: I!;,-
, 1 1 , e 1M ! ! . - 1 1 i e I \ | r e s e ! : ! e 1 1 \v l > ' ' I : : . I I i '. : : i i k :~ - . " i > ; i . . i . ' ; j ; . \ ;
w.i-, i ne r.'.hemi.m ( ,;rl." !.\ I 1 , i'.! n " M nil; t.
' I .;!\ [' K i!!arne\ ." 1>\ lleneiin k-
I ' ! i -. o i : , ' ; s ' i i \ e n ' i \s i i < ! e r ;\ : ; i ; - i (''] \ , . | -, '
!i\ i'i.iu pi . : 'e. whii h :he\ ::i'' :i !:;. "!;. e
riic I'h'ili.iMii-'n;.
he;r |.r.Hln. :,.!]-, _.\e e r ,,n_ ,-\ :-! ;i, e .! ; ! : .; !-, J. , , : : , .,;
h.i-,e in. ui, ;:!.!,!- - .ii-Mu'i .;. .Kve, :,,| . ; : I . :v ... .,i- : ,
uit 1 r-:l !'.'!!)( ill :n c\ei nr ; 'ii. 1'iHr li.i- . . : \ ; ,-.i - .-; ;. t - ; ,,;,;,,!
the I'hiih iMn inn . I'll -" :."\ >\
I'lle , f,.',v,le.i Ih.llse-, lli.i! ,l'!e:i'i ill :!><
422 HISTORY OK SKN'K.CA COUNTY.
about two ami one-half miles south of Tiffin. The land \vas bought in
18^5, and in iS^o the first buildings were erected. N. \. Speilman
had the contract for the brick work, and Myers and Toner the carpen-
ter and joiner work. The work was let in conformity with a notice the
county ( ommissioners caused to be published in the '/7///;/ Triln/nc and
Seneca .-/,/r''77/.\vv, on the ,}oth ot January, i.S;(>. David IJurns, Isaac
Stillwell and James Hoyd were the commissioners. The work was
accepted September 19, 1^5 ft. and orders were drawn tor the payment
ot the same. The first directors of the Intinnarv were Andrew Kugen-
l>eel. [ohn Kerr and Daniel Drown, who appointed Harrison Mc('lel
land the first superintendent ot" the Infirmary and farm Many changes
have been made on the farm since, and the (arm. as well as the build-
ings, is in good order under the present superintendent, Mr. Daniel
(i. Heck, who has had charge ot the same six years. The institution
has some fifty inmates at this time.
The present board of directors consists ot Ceorge Haebler. Lewis
Spitter and Joseph I'.. Magers.
The property is worth, at least, 875.000.
The subject of this sketch is certainly one of the most remarkable
women that ever lived in Tiffin, or elsewhere.
She was born in . \tterclilt, Kngland, and when sixteen vears of age
was married. Her health failing, her physician recommended a sea
voyage as the only remedy to restore her health. Her husband, who
was a civil engineer, succeeded in finding employment in the Kast
India ('ompany. The young couple sailed tor ('alcutta, where, after
a voyage of six months and seventeen days, they arrived, having land-
ed but once during that time. Shortly after their arrival, the young
husband died of cholera, that dreaded monster ot the Mast in those
days, and the young widow was left alone 1 in a strange land among
strangers.
Sin- became acquainted some time alter, with Dr. William I,. Craw-
lord, a young physician in ('alcutta. belonging to the liritish army,
and became hi-, \\ife. They lived at various places in the Mast Indies
-.nine fourteen years, when they moved to the ('ape ot (I nod Hope,
where they resided -.nine two years. l j rom there they moved to the
island of St Helena, while the great Napoleon was a prisoner there,
and then moved back to Kngland. 1-rom there they emigrated to
Canada, where Dr. Crawford died in 1*45.
Mrs. Crawford wa-> the mother ot eleven children, ei^ht boys and
MK>. li \KK!K I < K \\t t i >Kl>.
three _;irls. who were bom on to>:r i on'.ments ot the ^l
Asia, some in At'rii a, sonic in l/iro^e .tin! some in Anirnr
In iS^ ^!u- i .inic in 1'itlin Mom ( '.in.i'l i w.ih ;h : mi:!\
the j,rc-cni 1 )r. ("r.iulonl. oi 1'niin. \\:!h i\h.>ni ^lic i ..
her tl;i\ ^. ->] n-iii li ni; the evening ot her !oii_' .ci i ;-;i;!:ii
.tin I i -oni tort. ,i!i' I e')| >\ ;ii^ 'in- ! e>;> ' n ! . > -| i'. . IM oi
her.
i ler i le.i! h o; i iirrci i on ( ii i j th l.i\ o: >!-ji:(':n!r.-r. i >;
Lies! ion o! the |III)L:>.
She re:u h.ei! :lu- In^li ,i'je oi ei^!i!\ nin-e \'>'.ir> .un! th:r:
w,e> the nicitliei' ill \si,itie>. \irii .uis. I .urn] i-'.nis .niii Anier
CHAPTER XXV.
THE TOLEDO WAR.
A FT KK. the terrible scourge of Asiatic cholera in 1X34, the next
subject that aroused public attention in Seneca counts', \vas the
question ot the northern boundary ol Ohio, which became very serious
in all its aspects, and threatened to lead to bloodshed between the bor-
derers of Ohio and the territory ot' Michigan. The subject is nearly
los,t si^ht ot, and would not be mentioned here because the question in
itself had no effect upon Seneca countv directly, but when soldiers were
called out to protect the citi/eiiM of ( )hio alon^ the disputed border, it
wa> found that the disputed line was in the i;th division, in which
M ajor ( icncrai |ohn Hell, ot Lower Sandusky. was the commanding
general, and Seneca county was in one ot the brigades in that division,
and under obligations to turnish her quota ot the troops called out by
(iovernor Lucas. It theretore became a matter ot interest to Seneca
county after all. and especially when about ^oo men. " armed and
equipped as the law directs." left Tiffin with their bai^a^e and tents in
wagons, and provisions lor an indefinite time. ( 'olonel I lenrv (.', I'.rish
led these < iti/cii soldiers as their commander, to report to ( ieneral I Sell.
|ohn W. Patterson was captain ot one company, and lolin Walker was
quartermaster. 1 remember also that John Adelsberger refused to come
to time, and lie was arrested and put under ;_ r uard. but they took him
aloim. Some of the otticei's were only but partlv unil'ormed: the rest
marched into line in citi/.ens < lothes.
1 1 en r\ I iro.s.-. wa - " lite major." and here is a cop\ ot' his com mi si on :
I !\ t lie I-DI i i'n Iciii-i' I ivpdM' in \iiii. I Ion \ ( ii'oss. I a 1 1] M lint > mi life ma j on if
t In- :ii! i I'-iiiii-m ] si Uitallinii. 171 li di\ isimi of tin- ( )hio militia.
TII i IN. J-Jti April. A, D.. I >::").
I 'i-i'st inall \ .-ijipcai't-i! lictorc me ihr alio\c named II. (truss, taken the
in-i-cssjii \ natli nl tin- almvc nllicr. .1 A M I-!S l!( ) V I >.
< I'lmicl :',i| i i"_;iiiicnt . 1st hatalliin. 17lh ili\isimi.
'I'M- TIN*. JJd April. K',.K
i lenrv was a ^ iod tiler, iml >o was |acob M . Mbert i Hro. ICbert j a
\e'\ i;ood drummer on the Case drum, and he was likewise appointed
drum ma|i>i". 1 he atm\ i'-it iiiir !
nature IK i 'inn! ev ej>t one n:_;h! t!
deep MI the \\o.nU and drawn 'iji :ti
!<( with Muodv h.ui-U t.p h.pNii;:.i!)'.i
m.iMil !n In. 1 ^:\cn I'lic nri-n \sa> ordered :n iron
in. in h .it the ->;_;!ia!. NOW the i:i":ni 111.1101'- m<-m<>:\
w.ir lieiame very \ it.iliv rcirr->licil, .in.j )M- in-:>tfil i'i.i
the- jni-Hiiii >! thr mu-ii w.i-^ .11 ill!- rr.i:. < icncr.i! Mr
and while the dr'ini Mi.tir h.id MHIU- \s.i^^ ii.'in th<- ia:
^idi - , thr < ifiu-ra! and tin- stall nttit i-r- \\air.rdtlu n
thi-y had it Miitil \\\c r:<n_; -'in lit up tin- wund^ and |.
wa> ii'i I'iKMiiy ;n ->i_;ht. It >\a> a laUc alatin.
Another 1'idii rni-> iin ideni i> '!d : a r-'Miark iMr :.
\v'n. > ilir.iiiiiu-ii T, i IT> nuts, man !i;n_; 'i\< and d"'.\ :, -: i
\va- :n ^'- - . m. He \\ a- a i Tin a: Kali- \ till t;: IM. .iiid
\\iiit. 1 ir!: :. it . \\ it !'. a r.arn >w lirini. !i':;i !>\ '
bi-i ' I'm 1 -' iltencd am i the < i - >\v 11 : M!_' i
sliirv and .in attii . \n nrd:!i ir\ 'e;ir dr'iifi '\ I
In i\ '-. ilr'im. I i ' ha- ! a ' r:;> ; J.,i(-i A ,:!: ' '. ;\ : ; .
the u a r . tied . i r > > i ; : : ' i 1 . . -
Am'-.h.-r man . .in ' d a :!
426 HISTORY <)! Sl.NKCA C'DTNTY*.
be continued until ordered stopped by Colonel \";in Meet or his
Excellency.
This was (DO much tor the ludge. and he roared out in stentorian
tones: " Mr. Sheritf, take Captain Scott and his music organ to jail,
and lock them up. Mr. Prosecuting Attornev. draw up an information
against these men tor contempt o! court, and have the case ready tor
hearing to-morrow morning."
|onas Pratt, the sheriff, started with the men to execute the order.
Scott and Odie followed willingly until they came to the corner of the
building where a path led to the log jail, on t-he rear of the lot. Here
Scott ami < >dle square.il themselves before the .sheriff and refused to go
further Scott told the sherilt that in the emergency ot war the military
was above the civil power, and that it judge Higgins would undertake
to press this thing any further, he would declare martial law. and do
with ludge Higgins as Oeneral Jackson did with ludge Hall at New
( Irleans, and have them both arrested.
That is right: that is right, Captain." said Odie. at the same time
doubling up his two hands to about the si/e ot elephant's leet. "That's
the wav to I ilk 15'illy tor you, Cap.: stand off. Sheriff." The crowd
ot bystanders were on the side ot war. and the sherilt was strongly im
pressed with the idea that ludge Higgins' orders could not be executed
just then. He retreated up stairs to the court room and reported
accordingly.
The ludge never said a word in reply, and continued in the trial of
the case on hand as if nothing had happened. Odie slung the drum
strap over his neck and continued his march as before, hitting his
drum with great torce on both ends. Alter some little time tin- ludge
directed the sherifl to find ('aptain Scott and ask him to be so good as
to take his music to some back street, where it would not disturb the
court so much.
The trouble ot" this nortlvrn bound, irv of Ohio originated with the
admission ot Ohio into the I'nion. and was caused by an error in the
map that placed, the southern bend ot I,ake Michigan too far south. It
vexed the convention that lonned the ('(institution, and Congress in
admitting < Mii<> into the I num. As early as the adoption ofthe ordin
ancc ot | id v i ; ! li . i 7X7, providing tor a government of the northwestern
territory, a provision is made tor the northern boundary ot states that
should thereatter be tunned, IVIIIL; south, ot a line draun due east and
.vest from and through the southern bend ot Lake Michigan, which east
and A 'st line should also be the southern boundary' ot two slates lying
north ol that line. so that this east and west Hue tinallv lonncd the
till I cil M" > \\ AK. J.'7
north line ui < >hio, Imii.ui.i .UK! Illinois, ami thr south line .: Ma h: r - in
and Wist i >n>,in
( );i tlu- ; ;h oi \|,ni. i .V -'. uheii ( "!>JM - j..i--<-.; an a, : a':'h- .r;/:n>
lii'- people .1! tin- trrritorv "i < !;-.o !>( ii.'m .1 -ta'.e ( 'ti-' .::'.:.. :he\
<icsi ri!n-ii the iii >rt ln-rn lio'ainja: \ .1 : ii . A .
( >n I hi- in ill h |i\ .ill east .Hi' I \s est !; IP ill .i\\ n t lii't iii^h t In- > >nt hi'I Ii i-\l n-IIH 1
I Lake MiehiiMii. l imninir -aM ald-i iiit-i >'! inu tli>- <lm- n>i I li line 1 1 "in
Ihc ni.iiilh nt' the ( i real Mi.iiin. until ii --hall intei^e, ' l..ikr I 1 !: i>-. "i tin- NT-
I iN'I'ial ! inc. ami t lichee t h l'i 'll'_'h I ..ik i- I a ie I" Ihc 1 V]i n s\ i \ ,i n ia 1 1 lie ; I'l ii
s hi, ,1 lh.it l'nln,'M--i> sli.ii! In- .it Illicit) . at an\ ! inn- IP -it-alli r. cilln ! I. at I.U'li
ali tin- If I I it'i! > l> iir_ r ca-M i >t 1 In- lini- In In i|; avs n '1m n>ii tl: 1 1 nin i In- nnnit Ii
<>t tin- Miami aim i-^ai'l. 1" !ln- li-intmial line, ainl iimlli ! an i-a-i anil \M-^I
lini' ilra\s n ! hi ' 'iiirh 1 In- -^mit ln-i U r\t i cini- i >\ 1 .al-.r M !<-ln-_ r an . i unn i IIL: i-a-i .
a at'i>n-s;iiil. to l.akr l-irif. t< the al'iToaiil -late. \ . II-IM^I ,,] M ntln-i \s I-M-
in eoiil'm mil \ n> tin- lil'tli artielr ! euin|i;n-t In-t \\ ei-n tin- niiL'Mial -tati-. ami
I 1 ic pciijilc a in I -talc-, to In- iitnncil in tin- ti-ivit' >\ \ nm l h nl' tin- n\ n < >hm.
\\ hen tin- i ' >n\ ent M MI at ( h;l!i, ot lie. ,MI the J'/th ii.t\ i>' N > >\ enihrr.
l >c; j. aticpti ii the t'ir-t ( i Hist i tilt u Ml l'i if < Ih'n. the\ -.l\ e ! ! i --tale the
northern 1>, mmlary . a- rontaine,! in ;he i-n.iliini^ .n t with ti:;- |.rn\.-i>:
I'l n\ iilcil al\\a\^. an, I it U lu-i,-li\ lullv uihli-i ->N" nl ainl , lei l.i i << I |i\ lhj>
ei'II\ clll jiili. that i! the >ulltlicll\ liclid ui c\t!Vlnr nt I.. ike Mli lil_',Hi -hulllil
cxlcml MI tar -mi-ii that a line <lra\\n ilm- ea~t 1'inm ii ^ln'iii'l nut intt-i^eet
Lake Hi ic. nj- it' it >lii'iil>l intersect the Lake |;,ie,-.t^; i-ttiie uli i-l the
M iaini ri\ el ul' the lake, i hen ami in that ea^-. \\ it li the a-i nt nl ennui' -- i't"
ihe I'nitcil Mates, the imithcin ImmiilaiA nt' \\\\~~ slate -I,:,]] |, r cst;il.|i.h.||
li\ a I lii ex 1 1 -||i I In ,1 1 1 i ] eel line III nnilrj 1 I nil I I he s, HI; | : i ] n ex! 1 i III l! '. n| Lake
M I'-hixMii In i he i IP ist nm 1 he i 1\ e,t|.e 1 1] I he Miami li;i> . at lei inte! si , i M:U' t he
i I lie lii ill ll lllie t I i ill I I lie III, 'lit 1 1 nl the I i I eat M 1 .1 III 1 I I \ i I a 1 1 ' ! -s;i ! , | ; ! hi Hi e
imrt 1 1 east |n i In- len il'M i.il line, ami l>\ t he ^<i\<\ ten itm ial line In tin- |'i nn
-\l\ania line.
1'he re. hier must l>e ji.itien; ,n [,)II'K;IIU over the rei.it.iin . ; ti.. -ii,l
"ilelil miles." tin he svill not 'iniierstaiul th;s l)iitiml.u\ 'j'ic-!;ii
out t i i e n i .
When , undress, mi the n/lh ,! 1 c!>iua!\ . i S ;. .I.'.MI;; . , i < >':
the I n;. m. in ttliiiiL 1 . was -,.1:1 1 a 1 unit tin- n, >! ! hern In '". r,, i ir\ i >n
1 1 ) | . 1 1 1 1 1 a r \ . i -> ^ . , ' ' 1 1 j i e s -, i - r e a t e ( 1 the l ,- 1 i ; ; . i r \ i > ! \ 1 ; i ! ; ; _ a i . . i . : <
lie i 1 n MM 11 ! i : i's is 'i illi >u
\ 11 that | MI 1 n| I !nli iii i.i 1 1 : i :i,n \ \\ In, -| i ln-s i...i t h . .| .1 ; :: .
hi. m tin- -mil Iii -i !. lieiiil nl Lake M n h:-_'.in. .irnl nnti! :: -i..i"
Li ie ami i as! i .| ;i 1 1 in- il i a\v n 1 1 1 'In -ai' I -, 'ii! 1 ,ei i \ !'!..
,,| sail I lake (., ; ;-> i : ,,i ih,-i n i-xlii mils . ami the in , , ji : , ;,.-
, xtieiMits .-I l!n- I n:ti-'l -Kit.-.
428 HISTORY 01 SKNKCA COfNTY.
Michigan then also extended her laws to this, its southern boundary
line.
The whole question, therefore, was to ascertain the exact line drawn
east through the southern bend ot Lake Michigan. To accomplish this
the geographical line in in/rth latitude, minutes and seconds, had to be
established with positive certainty.
The line the authorities were then talking about was designated on
the maps as the " Fulton line." which intersects Lake Frie east of the
mouth of the Muumee river, and meets the proviso ot the Ohio consti-
tution
It was then ascertained that this east ami west line would not inter-
sect the territorial line between the I'nited States and Canada, but cut
across the counties ot Cuyahoga, (ieauga and . \shtabula. The line,
therefore, given by congress to Ohio, was an impossible line, owing to
a want ot knowledge ot the geographical position of Lake Michigan at
the time congress passed the enabling act.
When the authorities of Ohio ascertained the uncertainty of the
northern boundary, they applied to congress tor a survey of 'the line in
conformitv with the proviso in the constitution of Ohio.
In i X i 2 congress passed a resolution directing the commissioner of
the general land office, to cause it to be surveyed, but the war with
(ireat Britain and their northwestern savage allies, prevented it, and
the line was not run until the year 1817. when one William Harris,
under direction from the general land office, ran the line, and it was
afterwards known as the " Harris line.''
This survey was reported from the general land office to the executive
of ( >hio. and ratified by the general assembly of ( )hio January jgth. i S i,S.
Application^ were then made by Ohio to congress to ratify the Harris
line as the northern boundary of Ohio very frequently, but without
success, until the events of iS^;. so memorable in the conflicts between
( )h;o and the territory of Mi< higan.
This di-puted territory is valuable lor its rich and productive farming
lands, ainl the possession ot the harbor on the Maumee river, where the
VOUJILJ,' ami flourishing < itv of 1 oledo sits m her proud majesty locontrol
things.
This strip of laud is five miles wide at the west end. and eight miles
at the east end. The line was nxed betore any other territory was
organi/.ei 1 and alte< t ed b\ it.
Toledo had many names. It was then Swan ('reek; afterwards Tort
l.awreme. then Vistule. now Toledo. The early settlers were satisfied
ti, be in the territory of Mi< higan.
I n I S ; r !|
rl.iui' )! 1 1 1 ;-- ! i
Ti.U-.!.i w.i> i
<>! til!- (1:-;. ::'! 1 !r,u I, .111. 1 N! :
t< >ri.i! iur^iiii ' ,. >;i !> ;lir I u
M i< ::_ iii \\ ) >,i ( n'iii' \ h.i'
I hi' II 1 IT: ^ ! , !U'. It'll til'" Jii'i I] il
'1'iu- |JMS>, --;, in di the !i ir!n
ID. ulr the i>-;rn:n, jmin',. itni
onK-r 1 1! the ii.i\
1 1 i ; i ir .1 " 1 1 , _ u i .I v e r ; n.e >
r :'!M il' i i! M .1 ii l^.lll I'Ti , ! < T\ . \\ .!-
r . i ! , , 1 1 1 1 1 ' i 1 ' i * . : 1 1 -- e i ! \\ t ! i j > i < > ! t i
)ii> : . i U! :-<l:< ! n in.
I ll!- !,IU t,; I I):'.". ,I!H,\ e In
tii .; i ii i, Ml t '; I'ee i i i 111! 11 :--: iliei -,
4,0 HIS TORY OF SKNKCA COt'NM.
t
they were at a loss to know which of the two jurisdictions they had
better belong to. They wrote numerous letters to the governors of
both jurisdictions, explaining their dangers and their troubles, etc.
\mong the most distinguished men who looked to (iovernor Mason
for help were |. V. D. Sutphen. Coleman J. Kuler. Cyrus Fisher and
Samuel Hemmenway. and those that wanted to be Ohioans counted
among their number Andrew Palmer, Stephen B. Comstock, Mayor
Stickney. \Villard Daniels, (leorge McKay and Dr. Naman (loodsell.
(iovernor Mason wrote to (ieneral Brown, who was in command of
the third division of the Michigan militia, as follows:
KXF.( CTI VK OFKH K. DKTKOIT. March ii. ls.'v>.
Siu: You uill herewith receive the copy of a letter just received from
('oliimbus. You will now perceive that a collision between Ohio and Michi-
gan is inevitable, and will therefore be prepared to meet the crisis. The
governor of Ohio lias just issued a prod a mat ion. but I have neither received
it nor been able to learn its tendency, i shall send \ou such arms as may
be necessary for \oiir successful operation without waiting for an order from
the secretar) of war as soon as Ohio is properly in the Held. Till then. I
am compelled to await t he direction of t he war department.
Yours. etc.. STK V KXS T. MASON.
( KNKI: A i. -los. \V. Muow N.
( )n the }ist of March, (iovernor l.ucas. accompanied by his stall'
and the boundarv commissioners, arrived at I'errysburg on their way
to run and re-mark the Harris line, in compliance with the law of the
j }d ot February previous.
(ieneral John Mcll. in command of the i;th division Ohio militia,
embracing the disputed territory, arrived about the same time with his
staff, and mustered into the service some 600 men. lulls' armed and
equipped. On his way to I'errysburg, (iovernor Fucas. with his staff,
stopped all night in Fort Mall, at Smith's hotel. Thev made a verv
formidable appearance and when (ieneral II. ( '. Mrish met them, there
was a show of military etiquette, the like ot which Seneca county never
experienced before. from here the troops liom Seneca followed (!ov
ernor l.ucas and met (ieneral Mel] al Lower Sandusky, from whence
thcv took tlie line of march for I'errysburg.
The Ohio army svent into tamp at Fort -M iami. ( iovernor Mason,
with ( i e n
No\ <-Ml!>--< i . i S i - \ 1 > . r i ' ;
that i aii ha; i| ii-ii t > a > < !".: ; \ . "
( MiviTiii T I 'i< a-, iia-1 MI nl- ;;
( irnrral I'.ril with h;-- !I>M < '.. i 1 - -ra<ly
but biMnrc tin s were p-ail\ t<> >tart. t>v-i <-ii % ..:)Mit < .'./'n-. HUM K:< har<i
Rusk, dt l'hiiailrl[>h:a. aini ('ni'Hiri H-iwanl. "t I l.iif.Mi. rr. arr.\fl
troiu \\ a^hni^ti in a-~ i oinnus--:' Mifr^ \r< >:\\ tiic pr ~-.i!ri,t lit tb.c I n:'i''l
Statc^, tn u->c tlu-ir PIT-MUKI! intlm-iu < \<> >tn|>ail warlike ili-in<)M>tr.i
tion-v Hon. l.lisha \\'hittlr--cy. ni <)h..i, . > < Miipaiiinl the <ommi>
siotirr> as a \nluntarv pcai cinakcr. lln^c ^cntlniirn rriiniti^tr.itcti
with < i<>vernr I .:u a> aiul mi. :m In 1 him "I tin.- latal i i >n-C'|iirn< i-s
that niiul'.t 1'illow. (.-!(. l'hc\ u !''< i jialu-iur aii'i tn wait :r a pcaii-
ahir scttli-iiH-u! "t tin- inatvr l>v < ,.::^!c->.
Tlu-M- <-..:iiiiii-si,,iH-r. liu-M .1!-. vM'.o! C,..v,-ni..r IJr..wn an-1 u^l
h i ;n t > a!i-' :: tiiiin s i> ilrin c a'.'l ^!'"i-ln'! T/:i ' >':;^:r--^ i i-:'.ii a> '. :u
I--!. TI..M ill'- ll.i:;'i- I 1 .];'' xh,,;iM i..- liin aii'l i>- MI. i: !-.'
;n-t M! i ip. !a-t -,.'--1. <> , ,\ I h * !_: i-~!,it n ' "! < ":;- u :!i...n; :
J'l. I!,' '!. :i ' ii-i i i-iii--. iiiiii-i I!,-- !.r.\^ "I '
! li; ' >ii_:!i' 'I,: I hi- i i i -pi] I ' 1 Ii-i'i'iti i|-\ . lii.il ; !ii- |>i . i|.!i- 1 1 -:', .ii-_z
1 1 I ! !" tli'-:i i >u I: L;I >\ i-! iiiii'-li! ' ! " \ MIL: I!M- "hi- ' n: i -:;< ;:<
1 1 1 1 \ 1 1 1 , i * | ' : i t c ! . \>, ; ; 1 \ . 1 1 1 ; m ' ' ! - 1 : 1 1 1 " M ! i ' 1 1 n ; 1 1 1 , i u ; } i . . i : ; , -
'4. 1 II null! 1 !M' i'ln-,1- i >t III'- in \i >!--! i ill i !' rull^l i-^>.
( I..-., -MUM- Ma-.M r ,-t i-nl ;,, .t
l.ina- i M!i,i-!i; ; -i 1 ami < ii-> hai _''; 'in- :!" (i '\c
t;a:i\ :.ii;twc<l -.uit. .mil thai rri';< tar/.'x . : r:tkit ;;
43- HISTORY or si:\r.c\ COTNTV.
rue. the head<|iiai 'ler> of (teneral Brown. (Jeneral Brown was yesterday at
Toledo, at the head of the sheriff's pnsse of Km armed men. They came for
the purpose of arreMinu: those \vlio had accepte- 1 otlice under the stale of
Ohio. I Ie informed me that an\ attempt to run the line \voiild he resisted
li\ tlie \vliole force of t he territor\ : that they had .".no men under arms at
Monroe and tii ii i mi >re would soon he there: that the\ had 1 .">i in stand of arms
taken from the I'niled Stales arsenal at White 1'i^eon: that they did not
mean to lie rode rouu'li shod h\ ()hio. It was replied that Ohio had not as
yet put on her roiiu'li shoes, and \voiild not. unless they made it necessary,
and that the line would certainly he run. The governor of Ohio started yes-
terda\ Mil inst. for I )eliance. and is entirelx unprepared to meet the force
of Michigan. \\"lial course lie will pursue I do not know. Our party con-
sists of lit teen or twenU unarmed men. and if we proceed we shall certainly
he made prisoner^, there not Items; a sullicieiit niimher to prevent surprise.
I think the expedition will he delayed. The state of Ohio' is affording no
protection to the people on the disputed territory, further than through the
civil authorities. And those who have accepted ollice have heen obliged to
retreat. The governor has pouer to call out the militia, hut has no funds to
sustain them. Yours truly. S. DOlXiK.
President laekson applied to the attorney general. Benjamin F
Butler, of New York, for his opinion in the premises, who replied, say-
in u that the mere runnig oi the line was nt> ranse for hostilities, but
that suit might be brought against llie commissioners in the courts of
the terrili try.
The commissioners commenced running tlie line from the northwest
corner oi the state. (ieneral IJrown's scouts watched them. When
the surve\ii\u' ]'arty LTOI into I.enawee countv. the under sheriff, witli
his posse, appeared on the ground to arrest them, but the commis-
sioners and surveyors escaped and ^ot to tree < )hio soil. '1'hey reached
l'err\ sburu next day with their clothes badly torn and hungry.
(ioxernor I .ui as reported the fails to the president, (leneral jack-
son can: ed a copy ot the report to be sent to (.overnor Mason, with a
request to have Mason send his statement also. Thereupon (iovernor
Ma->on applied to (ieneral Brown tor information, (ieneral Brown, on
the i;th of June. i*.^. writes from Tecuma.'h to C.o\ernor Mason,
stating all he did and naming those that had been arrested and refuting
the idea that the commissioners had been tired upon.
The news ol the breaking up oi the sur\evin_; parts spread through
|;ke \'.'ld tire, and 'ii>\ernor Mason's c ou.'se was generallv con-
I .ucas finding it I'tnprai i u able !<> run the line, 'ailed an
ofthe legislature lor the Stli of |une. Tlial bod\- passed
revent the ion c abdm tion ot the citixelis of ( )hio." and
llll it'!. Kl>i w.\k
:ii t wa> ]>a--ed < rcutin^ the iie\\ < ';n'.\ .i I.H.I a-> from the math j-.t: 1 .
i)t Wo<>d toutitv. embracing tin- d.-p'ited territory nrth > <: \\ ..... i and
.1 JM <f: ion i it thr northwe-; o!>and'i-k\ o!;nt\ I: d.rei t--d i i o-,;rt !
common plea- '." I";- held a: a:i\ i >:uen:en: IM-I-I- .11 |..'edo in tl.t
\>T' [.! "-;t;i m in.i-ir \>\ !hr ,iiii\i- n.inii-ii i 'iiniu:->p "iirr^ "i'.hf I n:ti-'i
St.iti---. S^co.o? urn .ijr]ir< ij.n.itcii fi i .irry tin- '..i'.v :r. i ;in t .uni
pa\ !iiu troop-. r!i . !:.< i!:\ i i-:mi i > iiniii.t!!ili:r- \\err i .ilicil ::|'"n t n-
jinr; the n'Miiii'-i ni tronji^ in e.u h ili\ ;MHI; that wmiM \ . '.:r.:eer t" >u^
tain tlie governor in entorrinu' tlie l.nvs in the di->|in;eil terr;t"ry. l-ilteci.
OM; Hi -e\enteeil ilivi.ii m. in the -^t.ite i'e[>rteil lo.oc - inn, re.nlv l<>
N'ubintecr. aii'l .'.;;<> men were estimated that wuuld volunteer in the
two division-, that d:d not rejiort. The M.ilu.;an authorities i)e< aine
nioi (. \ ioleii! in tlieir pri e< ution- oi ( ihio.in-^ Major Stu kne\ . ( ieor^e
MI K t\ . ImUe \\";Uon. and main other- were ai re-ted and taken ;
Monroe jail When Major Stukn'-y wa- arrested lie re!'i>ed to ^.
Tiie\ p'lt him on a Imr-e and held him on it. while a third man !ed the
lior-t . The\ tied the Major'- le^- to-ether under the hor-e to >e< 'ire
h;n. In the attempt to .irre-t I. Stii kiie\ . a -on ,,i ;hr M.r.,;, In-
ton'k 'H:: hi- pe;; knile and -taMied one ot "the men :n the !ef. -:de. .in>i
nun !r !n- ex ape.
I i,' -tal>l>:n_ o; \\'ood b\ 1'. S;i(kne\ \va- re;iortel \ lieneia
I ti k -' "i: . \\\\> lie i aiiie \ er\ ind: u nan! <\ ei t he .t::.i: r. r. d l i > >\ e: n :
4.>4 HISTORY )K SI.NKCA COUNTY.
Taylor and Seely, the commissioners to re-run the Harris line, intorm
';ig them ot the promise -of the president, and advised the commence
ment of the work on the ist of September, at a point where they left
oil. lit.- informed them that he had sent two hundred and twenty-five
nlles and sixty-one muskets and equipments to Port Miami, and would
send more soon, to protect them in their work; that these arms would
be placed under the control of the court, etc.
The authorities of Michigan disregarded all these arrangements, and
Kept on making arrests. On the jfjth of August 4 Secretary Korsyth
.vrote to ( iovernor Mason that he was superseded, and that Mr. Charles
^haler. oi Pennsylvania, was appointed secretary of the territory ot
Michigan as his successor, etc.
* Mi the same day Secretary Lorsyth also addressed a letter to Cov
ernor Lucas, transmitting copies of letters written that day to (iovernor
Mason and Mr. Shaler. expressing a hope that no tnrther attempt would
bi made l>y < Miio to exercise jurisdiction in the disputed territory until
< oiigress could act on the question, etc.
These letter-> from Secretary Lorsvth had the desired effect. The
Liood ; ense ol ( iovernor Lucas had already shown him the danger of
getting into conllict with the Lnited States, who would naturally stand
i)\ and protect a territory in its legal rights, and he modified his course
. ery materiall v.
il'iil '-lion whether to hold a court in the new coiintx mi the
7th D| September, was >nll to be decided. Adjutant-( ieneral Samuel
1 . Andrew-- was ->ent by (iovernor Lucas to Lucas county to consult
with the judge and other officers, who directed Colonel Van Meet to
' ail out hi-- regiment to act as a po>se to the -dicrilf for the protection
of the court. Andrew Cottinberry, and old and experienced lawyer.
\vas engaged by the governor to .ict a> an assistant [jrosecuting attor-
ney. Colonel \ an I'leet promptly obeyed the call and ordered his
regiment t< > rendc/\ ous
(ieiierals Andrews and liell ^topped at a hotel in Toledo, demeaning
themselves as private citi/ens. ( )n Simday afternoon the sheriff and
attendants met al M;am: to proceed to-ether the next morning under
es (i ,rt of Colonel V in Meet's regiment, to hold the court at Toledo.
Colonel. Van Meet had 100 men on the ground, which was considered
-;!!:' ient to di-pei'se any mob that mi^lit offer resi-,lance. In the even
:M_ one ol the ( 'olonel's scouts < anie in and reported that (ieneral
Iro\\ ijst arrived at 'I'oledo with a large military force to prevent
I he rourt.
( i- ; -- were < ontounded with tear at Iraniim: these facts, ludi/e
J o
HiU'L'ins ami I'oun: ( 'i .ttinl.rri \ were M"t present. ( <i
Ion.; time. T!u- a--ix i.Ut.- nul^c- !ic-: 
