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THE 


HISTORY 

OF  THE 

PROVINCE   OF  MORAY: 

BY  THE 


NEW   EDITION. 


BROUGHT  DOWN  TO  THE  YEAR  1826. 


ELGIN: 

PBINTED    BY  AND    FOB  J.    OBANT. 


^/ 


1827. 


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HIS  GRACK, 

Marquis  of  HuiUly,  Earl  of  Normch,  and  Baron  Mordaunt  of 
Turvey,  K.  T.  8^. 


Mt  Lord  Duke, 

With  senlimenta  of  gfratitude  and  the  most  respectful 
hnmility,  I  now  presume  to  lay  under  your  Grace's  honoured  pro- 
tection>  the  present  Edition  of  a  Work,  which  needs  no  panegyric 
to  enhance  its  merit,  or  establish  its  celebrity.  It  has  always  been 
deservedly  valued  and  admired  as  the  production  of  a  man  of  learn- 
ing and  genius; — and,  however  much  I  may  have  failed  in  my 
humble  endeavours  to  render  this  justly  popular  History,  in  its  pre- 
sent new  and  enlarged  form,  more  worthy  of  your  Grace's  approba- 
tion, and  of  the  public  esteem,  it  must  ^till  be  a  cause  of  the  proudest 
satisfaction  to  me,  that  my  well-intended  efforts  have  been  honoured 
with  the  patronage  of  so  distinguished  a  name ;  and  that  I  have 
been  allowed  to  introduce  this  Volume  to  the  world,  under  the  aus- 
pices of  a  Nobleman,  no  less  exalted  in  rank,  than  conspicuous  for 
eminent  attainments  in  Literature,  for  elegance  of  Taste,  and  those 
qualities  of  mind,  which  shed  a  brighter  lustre  on  the  character  than 
the  emblazoned  escutcheon,  or  the  hereditary  title. 

To  whom,  indeed,  could  I  vpith  greater  propriety  have  dedicated 
riiis  work  than  to  a  Noble  Duke,  whose  family,  in  point  of  hereditary 
virtues,  as  well  as  of  rank,  possessions,  and  antiquity,  occupy  the 
most  distinguished  place,  not  only  in  the  "  History  of  the  Province 


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U  DEDICATION. 

'vf  Moray,"  but  in  the  annals  tof  ba>  cstftUy.  The  illustrious  house 
-of  Gordon,  by  their  eloquence  in  the  Senate,  have  often  swayed  the 
Councils  of  State ;  arid,  in  times  of  national  peril,  have,  by  their  va- 
Idui'iil  the^eld,'  proppeduhe  stability  of  the  Scottish  throne^  and 
•"kept  the  crown  oh  the  head"  of  their  Sovereign. • 

"  Reptthie'neicia  eordidm, 

Intaminatisfulget  honoribue  t" 
Nor  have  your  Grace's  family  been  more,  renowned  for  their 
patriotiam  and  public  services,  than  esteemed  for  the  more  amiable 
■and  conciliating  virtues  of  private  life.  Where  shall  we  find  bene- 
volence of  heart  and  urbanity  of  manners,  integrity  of  principJLe  and 
inviolable  honour,  more  eminently  displayed  than  in  the  cb^ract^r 
«f  the  Duke  of  Gordon ! 

That  your  Grace's  valuable  life  may  long  be  preserved  to  bear  the 
honours  and  exhibit  the  virtues  of  your  ancestors, — that  the  benefi- 
cence which  has  so  long  been  the  "exchequer  of  the  ^/bar,"  and  the 
condescending  goodness  which  has  so  often  patronized  unbefriended 
merit,  may  long  continue  to  diffuse  their  influence;  and  that  year 
Grace  may  ever  enjoy  a  degree  of  happiness  proportionate  to  your 
virtues,  is  the  humble  and  heart-felt  prayer  of, 
Mr  Lord  Duke. 

Your  Grace's 

Most  dutiftil. 
And  most  devoted  Servant, 

JOHN  GRANT. 

'  Set  HimwYtptlv  K. 


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PREFACE. 


The  Author  of  this  andertaking  collected  the  materials  of  it  at  dif- 
ferent times,  and  wrote  them  for  his  own  amusement,  without  any 
desig-n  of  oflfering  them  to  the  public.  He  perused  descHpUous  of 
several  Counties,  bat  had  not  the  good  fortune  to  meet  with  any 
tolerable  account  of  the  Province  of  Moray :  Wherefore,  mindful 
of  the  observation, 

Needo  qua  natale  aolum  dulcedine  captos 
Tenet,  et  immemoree  non  ainit  ease  am. 

He  has  arranged  his  Collections  into  the  order  in  which  they  now 
appear. 

The  Cieographical  Fart  would  be  less  entertaining,  if  it  were  not 
intermixed  with  a  Genealogical  Account  of  several  Families  of  emin- 
ence and  distinction  :  In  this,  bis  chief  view  was  to  give  the  true 
origin  and.  antiquity  of  those  families.  It  is  generally  agreed,  that 
we  had  not  6xed  Sirnames  in  Scotland  earlier  than  the  eleventh 
century :  Before  that  period,  our  Kings  were  named  Patronimically, 
as,  Malcolm  M'Kennet,  Kenneth  M'AIpin,  &c.  The  Author  has  in 
his  hands  Manuscript.  Accounts  of  the  Families  treated  of,  from 
which  entertaining  Anecdotes  might  have  been  extracted ;  but  this, 
he  was  afraid,  would  too  much  swell  the  Work.  He  has  added  the 
Armorial  Bearings  of  Families.  The  Romans  preserved  the  dis- 
tinction of  Families  by  the  Jtia  Imagirm :  They  divided  the  people 
into  NobiUa,  Novi,  et  Ignobilea :  He  that  had  the  Images  or  Statues 
of  his  Ancestors,  who  bore  eminent  offices,  as  Prtetor,  Edile,  Consul, 
&e.,  was  called  Noble  :  He  that  had  only  his  own  Image  or 
Statue,  was  Noovm  or  an  Upstart;  and  he  that  had  no  Statue,  was 
Ignoble.  Those  little  Statues  of  Wood,  Marble,  Brass,  &c.,  were 
carefully  preserved  and  exposed  at  Funerals  and  other  solemn  occa- 
sions ;  and  possibly  from  this  came  our  Coats  of  Arms. 


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The  Natural  History,  althoug'h  it  contains  little  to  gratify  the 
curiosity  of  those  who  are  much  versant  in  such  reading — yet  valu- 
able Authors  have  given  an  account  of  Natural  Productions  of  Coun- 
tries such  as  they  write  of;  and  the  peculiar  product  of  this  Province 
ought  not  to  be  omitted,  and  may  be  entertaining  to  many. 

In  the  Civil  Part,  there  is  such  variety  a^  cannot  but  be  agreeable 
to  some  Readers.  In  the  Roll  of  Barons,  there  are  several  altera- 
tions since  the  year  1760:  In  some,  sons  have  come  into  the  place 
«f  their  fathers, — in  others,  collaterals  have  succeeded :  And,  in 
1774,  the  King  and  Parliament  granted  to  Major- General  Fraser, 
the  lands  and  estate  of  the  late  Lord  Lovat,  his  father.  But  the  Roll, 
as  it  now  stands,  is  so  well  known,  that  it  is  unnecessary  to  write  it. 

The  Military  History  is  drawn  up  from  the  best  writers  the  Author 
has  met  with. 

The  Ecclesiastical  Part  may  appear  to  some  Readers  too  long. 
The  length,  however,  may  be  excused,  considering  the  great  variety 
«f  matter  it  contains, — the  Author  has  used  a  style  so  laconic  and 
brief,  that  he  could  not  express  his  thoughts  intelligibly  in  fewer 
words :  And  it  may  be  agreeable  to  some,  to  lind  the  Succession  of 
Ministers  in  Parishes,  and  the  Changes  in  Ecclesiastical  Govern- 
ment, since  the  Reformation. 

There  is  added  an  Appendix,  containing  a  Number  of  Papers, 
most  of  them  never  before  published — which  serve  to  elucidate  and 
confirm  many  parts  in  the  preceding  Work. 

To  this  Preface  by  the  Reverend  Aulbor,  the  Publisheror  the  present  Edition  boa  only  to  add, 
that  DO  exertion  bas  been  wanting  on  bis  part  (o  render  it  worthy  of  the  patronage  of  the  Pablic. 
While  he  has  carefully  re-printed  the  original,  be  has  at  the  same  time  brought  down  every  im- 
poitaat  subject — susceptible  of  such  continuation — from  the  year  177d  to  the  close  of  ibe  year 
1826,  in  the  form  of  Notes,  at  the  bottom  of  the  page. 

The  Publisher  persuades  himself,  that  be  need  scarcely  offer  any  apology  for  omitdi^r  No.  SS, 
in  the  Latin  Appendix,  as  all  its  conclusions  are  to  be  found  in  page  96  of  the  present  Edition, 
without  the  tedious  labour  of  going  over  a  mass  of  repetitions  in  an  unclassical  style  of  Latin. 
He  tniatB  the  Reader  will  be  much  more  gratified  hy  the  perusal  of  the  curious  documents  now 
given  in  the  Additional  Appendix  ;  for  which,  and  other  valuable  articles,  lie  bas  to  return  fall 
most  grateful  acknowledgmenu  to  those  public-spirited  Gentlemen  wbo  have  Husted  him  io  bit 
Uborious  undertaUa;. 


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,gl, 


CONTENTS. 


PlSl. 

INTRODUCTION, 1 

Part  I. — The  Name,  Extent,   Situation,   and  Divisicn  of 

Moray, ^ 

Paet  II. — The  Geography  <f  Moray, 10 

Part  III. — The  Natural  History  of  Moray, 194 

Part  IV. — The  Civil  and  Political  Hittory  of  Moray, 212 

Part  V. — The  Military  History  of  Moray 247 

Part  VI. — The  Ecclesiastical  History  of  Moray, 275 

Section  I. — The  Heathen  or  Pagan  Church 276 

Sect.  II.— TAe  Primitim  Church, 293 

Sect.  III. — The  Romish  or  Popish  Church, 295 

Sect.  IV.— The  Protestant  Church,.... 33? 

APPENDIX, 421 

Additional  Appendix, ,  409 


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PLATES  lUmtrathx  of  the  Work. 

Map  of  the  Peovince — ^to  fece  the  Title  Page. 

Gordon  Castle, -  11 

Castle  Grant,     -        --        --        -        -       -  89 

Westebton, 92 

gobdonstown, 94 

Altyee, -  114 

Daltey, -  141 

Bbodie-House, -        -  147 

Castle  Dbquhaet, 231 

lochindobb, 254 

PiLLAB  at  FOERES, "        -          -  255 

Pbioby  of  Pluscabden, 299 

Elgin  Cathedbal  in  1668, 317 

1826, 318 

Palace  of  Spynie. -  322 


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THE 

HISTORY 

OP   THE 

PROVINCE  OF  MORAY. 


INTRODUCTION. 

In  vain  shall  one  expect  to  find  a  rational  acconnt  of  the  ancient 
state  of  ScoTiAND  or  North  Britain,  unless  he  consult  the 
Roman  writers.  Geoffry  of  Monmouth  will  hare  North  Britain 
called  Albania,  from  Albanactus  son  of  Brutus,  the  gfrandson  of 
^neas  ihe  Trojan.  And  Hector  Boece  calleth  the  same  country 
Scetia  from  Scota,  the  daughter  of  one  the  Pharaohs  kin^  of  £- 
gypt  These,  and  the  like,  are  fables,  below  the  dignity  of  History, 
and  fit  only  for  renal  bards. 

In  describing  the  ancient  state  of  the  Southern  provinces  of  this 
kingdom,  the  Roman  writers  are  sure  guides,  that  may  be  relied  on. 
Tacitus's  account  of  the  expeditions  of  Julius  Agricola,  Herodiau, 
Dion  Cassins,  Ammianus  Marcellinus,  Claudian,  and  others,  throw 
much  light  upon  our  history,  give  an  account  of  the  actions  of  Uie 
Romans  in  Britfun  during  400  years,  describe  their  colonies,  forts, 
camps,  prsetentures,  naval  stations  and  military  ways;  and  give  some 
account  of  the  natives,  with  whom  the  Romans  had  any  intercourse, 
and  v^om  they  call  in  general,  Britanni,  Britonea,  and  Caledomi; 
and  more  particularly,  Scoti,  Picti,  Altacoti,  VecturioneSf  Dicali' 
done§,  Vacomagi,  Ladeni,  <&c.  But  it  was  the  misfortune  of  the 
Northern  parts  of  Scotland,  that  the  Romans  (from  Julius  Caesar's 

A. 


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a  INTRODUCTION. 

first  descent  into  Britain,  to  about  A.  D.  426  that  they  abandoned 
the  Island,)  never,  that  I  have  found,  penetrated  into  them,  except- 
ing once  in  the  reign  of  the  Emperor  Septimus  Severus,  in  the  be- 
ginning of  the  third  Century,  of  whom  Xipbilinus  writeth,  that 
he  marched  into  the  nortbmost  extremity  of  the  Island.  "Ingressus 
"  est  in  Caledoniam,  eamque  dum  pertransiTet,  habuit  maxima  ne- 
*'  gotia,  quod  sylvas  ceederet,  et  loca  alta  perfoderet.  quodque  paludes 
"  obruerit  aggere,  et  pontes  in  fluminibus  faceret :  Nee  ab  inceptis 
**  desiit,  quousque  ad  extremam  partem  insulee  venit ;  ubi  diversum, 
"  quam  apud  nos  sit,  cnrsum  solis,  itemque  noclium  et  dierum,  tarn 
"  testivorum  quam  hybernorum,  magnltudinem  diligentisaime  cog- 
"  riovit."  *  In  this  expedition,  Severus  lost  50,000  (rf  his  army, 
without  once  fighting  the  Caledonians,  being  overcome  by  cold, 
hunger,  and  fatigue :  And  after  him,  no  Roman  marched  so  fiu*  into 
the  North. 

I  have  said,  it  was  the  misfortune  of  the  Northern  Countries,  that 
the  Romans  were  so  little  acquainted  with  them :  for,  where-ever 
they  setUed,  they  softened  the  rough  temper,  and  civilized  the  rude 
manners  of  (he  natives.  They  introduced  letters,  arts,  and  sciences. 
They  taught  agriculture,  and  Itud  the  foundation  of  cities  and  towns, 
navigation  and  commerce.  Hence  the  many  towns  and  villages,  on 
both  sides  of  the  Frith  of  Forth,  had  their  rise  from  the  Roman  co- 
lonies, forts,  and  naval  stations :  And  the  foundation  of  the  culture 
and  fertility  of  the  Lothians,  was  laid  by  their  industry :  While  the 
Western  coast,  from  the  Clyde  Northward,  into  which  the  Romans 
never  entered,  (though  better  furnished  by  nature  with  bays,  har- 
bours, and  creeks)  remained  long  uncivilized,  without  towns,  trade, 
or  commerce. 


'HeinTaded  CdedonUiandbibUpnsresseiiduredtlieheavieit  labour,  in  cutting  hi*  passage  through 
wooda,  levelling  obslzuctioiu.  in  laiimg  mouiida  (hrough  manhei ;  and  la  making  bridgei  onriren.— 
He  relinquiahed  not  hia  undertaking  ontil  fa«  came  to  the  ftrthest  end  of  the  Island,  where  bo  most 
•tudiousty  remarked  the  difference  in  Ihecourwof  the  ion,  and  the  greater  length  bothof  tbenimmer 
days,  and  of  the  winter  nights,  than  it  is  with  us. 


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INTRODUCTION.  3 

It  is.  tme,  Julius  A|picola  seot  a  fleet  of  ships  to  sail  round  the 
Island,  of  which  Tacitus  says,  "  Hanc  oram  novissimi  maris  tunc 
"  primom  Bomana  classis  circumvecta,  insulam  esse  Britaniam  af- 
"  firmaTit,  ac  simul  incognitas  ad  id  tempus  insulas^  qnas  Orcadea 
*'  Tocant,  invenit,  domuitque ;  dispecta  est  et  Thyh."  *  To  thisna- 
vigation>  I  question  not,  we  owe  the  Geog^phical  Tables  of  Ptolemy 
in  the  second  century:  Which  Tables,  as  Gerard  Mercator  obserr- 
eth,  are  pretty  exact,  if  what  he  placeth  towards  the  East,  is  turned 
to  the  Norlli.  In  their  descents,  the  captains  of  these  ships  describ- 
ed the  coasts^  discovered  the  people  inhabiting'  them,  and  gave  them 
the  names  we  have  in  Ptolemy's  Tables :  Not  new  Latin  names,  (the . 
Romans  seldom,  if  ever,  gave  such  to  any  place  or  people  they  dis- 
covered or  conquered)  bat  the  names  the  natives  gave  tiiem  in  their 
own  language,  and  to  which  these  sailors,  or  perhaps  Ptolemy,  gave 
a  new  termination,  and  softened  some  British  words,  by  the  change 
of  one  or  more  letters.  Such  names  are,  Vemieoneg,  or  the  inhabi- 
tants of  the  Mems ;  Morim,  of  Mar ;  Tazali,  of  Buchan ;  Cuntini, 
of  Ross;  CantSB,  of  Caithness;  Comavii,  of  Stratbnaver;  and 
Matuarium  Vararis^  the  Frith  of  Moray.  All  these  are  British 
words,  with  Latin  inflexions :  and  let  me  add,  that,  as  these  navi- 
gators could  only  discover  the  coasts,  so  Ptolemy  only  describeth 
the  coasts,  and  not  the  inland  parts. 

In  the  middle  ages  of  our  nation,  we  have  mention,  and  little  more 
than  mention,  of  Moray  and  the  inhabitants  thereof.  A  Manu- 
script De  Situ  Albardee,  (a  trifling  performance  in  the  twelfth  cen- 
tury) speaking  of  the  ancient  division  of  Albania  into  seven  king- 
doms, says,  "  Sexta  divisio  est  Muref  et  Ros,"  Exc&^pta  ex  veteri 
chronico  Regum  Scotorum  beareth,  '*  Donevaldus,  Alius  Constan- 
"  tini,  apud  oppidum  Fother  occisus  est  a  gentibus."    "  Malcolmus 


*  Tacit.  Vita  Aoricoue,  Caf.  10.  Sect  5.  The  Roman  Fleet  tha  flnt  lailed  rotnid  tbe  cout 

of  thii  wholly  unknown  Sea,  asoertuned  tbat  Biifaun  wai  an  bland,  and  at  ttae  lame  dme  diacorered 
and  nibdiKd  tpK  ankmrwa  Island*,  which  tbey  call  the  Orkneys.— And  even  Tliule  waa  descried. 


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4  INTRODUCTION. 

**  filiuH  Domnail  cum  exercitn  perexit  in  Moreb."  Nomina  Begum 
"  Scotorum  ex  Registro  Prioratus  St  Andrea,  says, "  Dovenal  Ma« 
Constantin  mortuas  est  in  Fores."  "  Matcdmns  Mac  DoTenald 
interfectus  eat  in  Ulum  (forte  Aldem)  a  Moraviensibus."  •*  Doff 
"  Mac  Malcolm  interfectus  est  in  Fores,  et  absconditus  sub  ponte 
"  deKinlos,  etsolnonapparuitquamdiuibilatuit"  *  Irmea's critical 
Esmy,  Vol.  II.  Appendix.  After  the  tenth  century,  we  have  so 
frequent  accounts  of  Moray,  tiiat  I  shall  not  descend  to  particulars. 
There  are  few  countries  in  Scotland  (except  Moray)  bat  Des- 
criptions of  them  may  be  met  with  in  print  or  in  manuscript.  Even 
in  the  Northern  parts,  Dr  Nicolson,  in  his  Scottish  Historical  lib- 
rary, mentions  Descriptions  of  Shetland,  Orkney,  Caithness,  Suther- 
land, Bucfaan,  Mems,  and  others.  But  I  have  not  been  so  fortunate, 
as  to  have  read  or  heard  of  a  Description  of  the  Country  of  Moray. 
This  renders  the  task  I  have  cut  oat  for  myself,  the  more  difficult — 
I  walk  on  untrodden  ground,  having-  no  auUior,  ancient  or  modem, 
to  conduct  me ;  and  I  most  rest  contented,  vriih  what  materials  my 
sphere  of  reading,  and  the  testimony  of  credible  persons,  have 
furnished  me. 


*  The  Sixth  DiTuIon  is  Momy  and  Ross.  Excerpb  (rom  the  Old  Chionicle  of  the  K'mgi  of  the  ScoU : 
Dooerald  the  xmof  Cambntiiie,  msmmdered  by  die  people  at  Fothers—MalcDlio,  die  soil  of  Don- 
asil  proceeded  with  the  Anny  to  Momy.  The  namee  of  the  Kings  of  Scotland,  fVom  fiie  Begliter  of 
(he  PriOT  of  St  Andrews ;  Dorenel  Mac  Conttantiu  died  in  Forrei ;  Maloohn  Mac  Doveoald  ii  murder- 
ed by  the  Morarienses  in  Ulnrn,  (probably  Aldem.)  Duff  Mac  Malcolm,  ii  mnrdered  in  Forres,  and 
c(«ce«lednndertheBrid!geofSinlon;  and  the  tan  did  not  shine  out  so  Img  as  he  ky  hidden  ttien. 


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PART    I. 

THE 

NAME,    EXTENT,    SITUATION, 
AND 

DIVISION    OF    MORAY. 


THE  NAME  OF   THE  COUNTRY    QF   MORAY. 

Ptolemy,  speaking  of  Caledonia  (or  rather  of  Sylva  Caledonia) 
BaySf  that  it  extended,  "  A  Lelalonio  Lacu  uaque  ad  .^stoarium 
"  Vararia."  *  It  ia  generally  allowed,  that,  by  the  .^stuarium  Yara- 
rias  ia  meant,  the  Frith  of  Moray ;  and  hence  some  have  conjectured, 
that  Moray  was  anciently  called  Varar,  But  it  ia  of  the  Frith,  net 
of  the  country,  that  Ptolemy  Bpeaketh,and  Friths  were  deaominated 
from  the  rivera  that  emptied  into  them.  As  M«tuarium,  Tai, 
Bodotrite,  GloUe,  the  Flriths  of  Tay,  Forth,  and  Clyde.  Varar, 
therefore,  must  be  the  name  of  a  river  that  falleth  into  the  Frith  of 
Moray ;  and  a  river  of  that  name  there  is,  which  enters  into  the  very 
head  of  that  Frith.  It  ia  now  commonly  called  the  River  of  Beanlie, 
and  the  Highlanders  call  it,  Avon  im  Mavach,  i.  e.  the  Monk's  River, 
because  the  Priory  of  Beanlie  stood  on  the  bank  of  it  ;■  bat  the  true 
name  of  it  is,  Farar.  It  floweth  ont  of  Loch  Jfonar,  in  the  hills  of 
Roas,  and  the  valley  through  which  it  runneth  is  called  Strath-Fa- 
rar.  Now  the  Romans  did,  and  we  do,  often  change  the  digamma 
F  into  V,  aa  in  Knife,  Knives ;  Shelf,  Shelves ;  &c.  Agricola's 
fleet  coasting  along  would  aearch  every  Frith  and  bay,  into  the  head 


*  Fram  Locb  Fyn^^  a*  Tar  m  tbe  Frith  of  Bcaulip. 

B 


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6      THE  NAME  OF  THE  COUNTRY  OF  MORAY.        PART  I. 

of  it,  tx)  know  if  it  communicated  with  the  Western  Sea,  or  not ;  and 
having  come  to  the  head  of  this  Frith,  and  finding  a  river  foiling  in- 
to it  called  by  the  natives  Farar,  they  changed  the  F  into  V,  and 
called  it  Varar;  and  from  it  they  named  the  IVith  ^Huarium  Va- 
raris ;  but  thi»  gave  no  name  at  all  to  the  country. 

The  only  name  by  which  I  have  found  the  country  called,  is  Mo- 
ravia or  Moray.  Hector  Boece  writes,  that,  in  the  first  century, 
a  colony  from  Moravia  in  Germany  settled  in  this  coimtry,  and  gave 
it  the  nfune  of  the  country  from  which  they  came.  But  he  did  not 
consider,  ihat,  at  that  time,  the  country  called  Moravia  was  called 
Mareomania,  and  the  infaabitants  Marcomani  and  Quadi  (Tacit, 
de  Mor.  Germ.  Cap.  42.)  Others,  finding  the  word  Mureff  in  some 
ancient  manuscripts,  and  Ripf  signiiying  Bent,  witl  have  it  called 
Mur^t  from  the  abunduice  of  that  grass  growing  on  the  sea  shore. 
But,  in  my  opinion,  those  having  changed  the  V  into  F,  fuid  made 
it  Mur^,  instead  of  Murev  or  Murav.  The  Highlanders  call  it 
Murao  or  Morav,  from  the  celUc  words  Mur  or  Mor  the  Sea,  and 
Taobh  or  Tan  the  Side ;  and  in  construction,  Mor'ae,  i.  e,  the  Sea 
side.  This,  I  ikdok,  is  tiie  true  notation  of  the  name,  answering  to 
the  situation  of  the  country,  by  the  side  of  the  sea. 

THE  EXTENT  OF  THE  COUNTRY  OF  MORAY. 

Ptolemy  doth  not  touch  this  point,  nor  doth  any  ancient  writer 
that  I  know ;  I  cannot  be  of  opinion,  tiiat  Moravia  comprehended 
no  more  tban  theplain  and  champaign  ground  by  the  sea  side;  which  is 
all  that  is  strictly  called  Moray  in  our  day.  But  I  include  within  the 
province  or  country,  as  it  was  before  the  division  of  it  into  counties  or 
shires,  all  \he  plain  country  by  Ihe  sea  side,  from  the  mouth  of  the 
river  Spey,  to  the  river  of  Farar  or  Beanlie,  at  the  head  of  the  Frith ; 
and  all  Ibe  valleys,  glens,  and  straths,  situated  betwixt  the  Gram- 
pian mountains  south  of  Badenocb,  and  the  Frith  of  Moray,  and 
which  discharge  rivers  into  that  fVith.  And  I  incline  to  give  the 
coantry  this  large  extent,  for  the  reasons  following : 


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PART  I.         EXTENT  OE  THE  COUNTRY  OF  MORAY.        7 

The  plain  country  by  the  sea  side,  from  Spey  to  Ness,  18  alwavs 
called  Moray,  and  I  see  no  reason  for  extending^  it  Eastward 
beyond  the  mouth  of  Spey:  But  that  it  extended  Westward  to 
the  river  of  Beaulie,  is  probable  from  the  notation  of  the  word 
dforav ;  for  so  &r  the  Frith  extends,  and  the  country  taking  its 
name  from  the  Frith,  it  is  reasonable  to  extend  the  one  as  fiir  as 
the  other.  This  is  much  strengthened  by  what  we  find  in 
Dalrympleg  Collection,  p.  199 ;  "  That  King  Alexander  I.  pur- 
"  sued  the  Moray-men  that  con£q|>ired  against  him,  from  Inner- 
"  goury  over  Spey  into  Murray-land,  and  at  the  Stockford  above 
"  Beaulie  passed  over  to  Ross."  This  fixes  the  boundaries  both 
to  the  East  and  West,  viz.  the  rivers  of  Spey  and  Beaulie.  Tl\,e 
»tuation  of  the  country  of  Boss,  northward  from  Moray,  confirms 
ihia.  Its  name  Rogg,  signifieth  a  Peninsula,  or  a  head,  or  point 
of  land  jutting  out  between  rivers  or  friths ;  and  it  is  the  Frith  of 
Moray  with  that  of  Tain,  that  form  this  Peninsula,  or  Ross. 

The  bounds  by  the  sea-side  being  thus  fixed,  Moray  extended 
towards  S.  S.  W.  to  the  head  of  Loch  Lochie,  on  the  borders  of 
Lochaber.  This  one  observation  throweth  abundimt  light  on  this 
assertion.  Our  historians  agree,  that  the  castle  of  Urquhart  in 
Moray  held  out  bravely  for  King  Da>id  Bruce  agiunst  Edward 
Baliol.  This  castle  did  not  stand  in  Urquhart  near  Elgin,  for  there 
toe  no  vesUgesof  a  fort  or  castle  there.nor  any  traditicHi  that  ever  there 
was  such  a  fort  But  on  the  west  West  bank  of  Lochness,  there  was 
a  strong  fort,  the  walls  whereof  do  still  remain.  This  sheweth  that 
Lochness,  with  the  glens  around  it,  was  in  tiie  country  of  Moray. 
And  that  the  whole  course  of  the  River  Spey,  even  to  Lochaber, 
was  in  the  province  or  country  of  Moray,  may  be  gathered  from 
King  Robert  Bruce's  charter  of  the  Comitatus  Moravieiuis  to 
Thomas  Randulph  Earl  of  Moray  :  (Appen.  No.  I.)  To  all  whi«h 
let  me  add,  that  Ae  Highlanders  always  did,  and  as  yet  do,  march 
and  bound  the  countries  by  the  hills  and  rivers. 

According  to  this  view  of  the  country  of  Moray,  it  extends  from 


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8  SITUATION   OF   THE   COUNTRY  OF    MORAY.  PART   I. 

East  to  West  by  the  side  of  the  Frith,  i.  e.  from  Spey-mouth  to 
Beaulie  39  Scottish,  or  about  60  English  miles :  And  the  river  Fa- 
rar,  from  Loch-Monar  to  Beaulie,  runneth  30  Scottish  miles  from 
S.  W.  to  N.  E.  Thus  the  utmost  extent,  from  N.  E.  to  S.  W.  18  69 
Scottish  or  104  English  miles.  And,  if  we  take  the  breadth  from 
the  Frith  at  Inverness,  to  the  braes  of  Glenfeshie  in  Badenoch,  it  is 
about  38  Scottish,  or  57  English  miles. 

THE   SITUATION  OF.  THE    COUNTRY  OF   MORAY. 

This  Country  lieth  in  the  57th  degree  of  north  latitude,  and  Spey- 
mouth  is  about  35  minutes  East  from  Edinburgh.  With  respect  to 
tde  neighbouring  countries,  the  Moray  ¥r\\h  and  the  river  of  Fa- 
rar  separate  it  from  Ross  to  the  North,  and  from  Spey-mouth  towards 
the  S.  £.  the  south,  and  S.  W.  It  borderetb  upon  the  Enzie,  Strath- 
dovum,  Stratbdone,  Braemar,  Athole,  Ranach,  and  Lochaber. 

THE    DIVISION   OF  THE   COUNTRY. 

Hie  Division  of  this  Country  may  be  considered  in  a  three- 
fold view. 

I.  The  Natural  Division,  which  is  twofold.  First  into  Lowlands 
and  Highlands.  The  Lowlands  are  those  plwns  that  are  not  inter- 
mixed wi^  mountains  and  hills,  but  are  situated  near  the  Frith,  and 
ore  in  some  places  four,  in  some  six  miles  broad.  The  Highlands 
are  the  straths  and  valleys  on  the  sides  of  rivers,  separated  from  the 
Lowlands  by  mountains  and  hills.  This  points  to  the  second  natu- 
ral division,  which  is  made  by  the  rivers  that  fall  into  the  Frith. — 
And  here  the  strath  or  valley  of  Spey  makes  the  first  division ; 
which  running  from  the  FVith  to  the  borders  of  Lochaber,  is  inclo»- 
ed  on  both  sides  by  a  chain  of  hills,  and  is  a  barrier  to  the  Low 
Country,  covering  it  from  one  end  to  the  other.  In  the  Lowlands 
the  other  rivers  divide  the  country  from  East  to  West,  into  five  unequal 
divisions.  Hius,  frx>m  Spey  to  Lossie,  6  miles.  From  Lossie  to 
Em  or  Findem,  9  miles.     From  Findern  to  Nairn,?  miles.     From 


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PART    I.  DIVISION   OF   THE    COUNTRY  OF    HoRAT.  0 

Nfum  to  Ness,  12  miles.  And  from  Ness  to  Farar,  5  miles.  And 
all  these  rivers  run  almost  parallel  to  one  another,  from  S.  W.  to 
N.  E. 

II.  The  Civil  or  Political  Divinon,  into  counties  or  shires,  for 
the  more  easy  distribution  of  jostice  to  the  people.  A  part  of  the 
county  of  Banff,  the  whole  county  of  £Ig;in  and  Forres,  the  whole 
county  of  Nairn,  and  a  part  of  the  county  of  Inverness,  lye  within 
this  province  or  Country. 

III.  The  Ecclesiastical  Division,  into  parishes,  presbyteries, 
dioceses  and  commissari.ota.  I  here  only  mention  the  political 
and  ecclesiastical  divisions,  of  which  I  shall  in  the  fi^owing  parts 
treat  at  larg^. 


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PART    II. 


GEOGRAPHY  OF  MORAY. 

IN  viewing  the  (geographical  &ce  of  this  country,  I  shall  foUow 
the  Natural  Division  of  it  above  mentioned,  passing  from  one  parish 
forward  to  another ;  and  in  every  parish,  observing  the  situation  of 
the  church,  the  extent  of  the  parish,  the  principal  Baronies,  Heri- 
tors, and  Seats  or  Dwellings ;  and  what  else  merits  observation. 

The  Valley  of  the  River  Spey  makes  the  first  branch  of  the  Na- 
tund  Division ;  and  therefore  I  shall  first  describe  this  Strath  or 
Valley,  after  I  have  given  some  account  of  the  River. 

THE  RIVER  SPEY. 

This  Jl^ver  has  its  fountains  on  the  borders  of  Lochaber.  It 
floweth  out  of  a  small  lake,  about  half  a  mile  in  length,  called  Loch- 
Spey,  and  running  from  S.  W.  to  N.  E.  it  watereth  the  countries  of 
Badenoch,  Strath-Spey,  and  Rothes,  and  then  turning  due  north,  it 
dischargetii  its  stream  into  the  Moray  Frith  at  Germach,  after  a 
course  of  about  60  Scottish,  or  90  English  miles.  It  seems  to  have 
its  name  from  the  Teutonick  or  Pictish  word,  Spe  (Sputum)  because 
the  rapidity  of  it  raiseth  much  foam  or  froth.  Many  lesser  rivers 
from  the  Grampian  Mountains  swell  its  stream  so  much,  that  the 
manuscript  De  Situ  Albaniee,  written  in  the  twelfth  Century,  call- 
eth  it  (in  the  Latin  of  these  days)  "  Magnum  et  miserabite  flumen, 
"  quod  vocatur  Spe."  *  The  strath  of  this  River  is  enclosed  to  the 
N.  and  W.   by  a  ridge  of  hills,  which  beginning  in  the  parish  of 

*  A  largr  uid  daagnmu  River  called  Sppj-. 


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PART   II.  THB  GEOGRAPHY  OF   MORAY.  X\ 

Urquhart  near  the  sea,  runs  above  El^n,  Forres,  Invwness,  and 
Loch-nees,  to  Lochaber.  And  to  the  S.  uid  £.  a  part  t^  the  Gram^ 
piaD  mountalDs  ninneth  along*  Strath-Spey  and  Ba^noch,  and  se- 
vwfd  glens  jutt  Into  these  mountains,  which  shall  be  described  in 
the  proper  place.     I  proceed  now  to 

THE  PARISH  OF  BELLIE. 

This  paHsh  in  Erse  is  called,  Bealidk,  i.  e.  Broom.  It  is  situ- 
ated on  the  east  bank  of  the  river  Spey,  at  the  mouth  of  it.  The 
Church  formerly  stood  near  the  bank  of  the  River,  two  miles  ajbove 
the  Frith.  The  great  ornament  of  this  Parish,  is  the  house  of  Ciordon 
Castle,  the  seat  of  the  Duke  of  Goroon.  This  house  was  founded 
by  George  Earl  of  Huntly,  who  died  A.  D.  1507.  It  is  a  large 
and  grand  pile :  But  consisting  of  several  apartments  built  at  diffe- 
rent limes,  it  cannot  be  very  regular.  The  rooms  of  State  are 
grand,  well  finished,  and  furnished  with  fine  pictures :  And  the 
Lilnrary  containellk  a  valnable  collection  of  Books.  The  house  is 
environed  with  parks  and  enclosures,  and  much  planting,  old  and 
young.  The  gardens  are  spacious,  well  laid  out,  and  watered  with 
a  pond  and  Jet  d^eau.  It  was  formerly  called,  the  Bog  of  Gigkt, 
in  Erse,  Bog  na  Gaoitk,  i.  «.  the  Windy  Bog.  *  Near  by  the 
Castle  standeth  the  village  of  Fochaber,  so  called  in  my  opinion 
from  the  Erse   Fo-hobir,  i.  e.  below  the  Well,  for  above  it  in  the 


*  Thegnuid  qipraach  ta  tbi*iuperi>edific«aiMni  near  (he  western  end  of  Hie  village  of  Foch>bn«, 
llnwmh  i  lofty  arch,  betwees  nest  doniM,  elegaiiUy  finiihed,  the  Atmt  fivmed  to  a  pretty  itriking  re- 

tA1»ii— >mlwnnHm»nf<lMii-MHj»,ii»iill«f1y<.«lw»lli«hi>H  wilh  ■  h.ff.l«»i»  t»>*l»iiu»it        Tbo    MMtd, 

vUiIb  tte  gate,  wtuda  for  more  Uiaii  a  mUe  along  the  green  pnrtore,  ikirted  with  floweriiig"*lmibbeiT 
■■i  ^twvtf»  of  tall  apceading  treea,  till  it  ia  kwt  in  an  oral  frontiag  the  eaalle. 

Hm  -i1°t"i"  commaDiU  «  ridily  rarlad  view,  extended  for  idoag  a  bnMd  plain,  intenected  by  the 
Ehc*  ^>ey,  glitteting  onwards  to  the  aca,  In  a  variety  of  iheets,  thnmgfa  tlie  wood*,  liie  hall  awl 
hulMfaigi  te  tile  Mlnum  fiahery,  alaige  and  handsome  ^s,  cm  thli  aldeaf  the  river,  with  aprotpactabo 
of  the  town  and  ihipping  of  QarsKMlh,  on  the  oppoiite  tide,  terminate  die  view  upon  the  dxiro.  The 
town  orVochahera,  with  the  ekmtcd  ^le  of  the  church,  and  a  wide  eKtonded  view  to  the  wnth-wett, 
alag  hott  Ac  buki  of  (he  rtver,  tem  n  ridi  and  variegated  prapect. 

Thi«  prinMly  manikHT,  originally  a  fortrcsi  in  the  tntdst  of  a  nwtMi,  has  been  enlarged  and  imprer- 


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12  THE  GEOGRAPHY  OP  MORAY.  PART  II. 

face  of  the  hill  is  a  well  or  fountain,  the  waters  whereof  serve  the 
town.  The  town  is  a  burg^b  of  barony,  hath  a  weekly  market  and 
in  the  centre  of  it  there  is  a  court  house,  and  a  church  with  a  steeple 
«f  nwdern  architecture.  It  has  a  post-office  ;  and  at  the  west, 
is  the  passage  over  Spey,  called  the  Boat  of  Bog,  upon  the  post 
road.  *  As  little  more  of  this  parish  than  the  town  of  Fochaber 
fatleth  within  the  province  of  Moray,  I  shall  not  dwell  any  longer 
on  the  description  of  it  In  some  parishes  (as  in  this)  I  shall  meet 
with  families  of  eminence  and  distinction,  of  #hich  I  shall  only  give 


ed,  in  each  succeeding  age;  tad,  of  Ule,  almost  built  of  oew  by  his  Grace,  in  all  theelegant  magnifi- 
oenee  of  modem  faddon. 

Ksnarthemfrontisimifbniily  regular;  (hebodyof  the  building  rises  to  die  height  of  fbarstories; 
the  wings  arc  nagiUficeiit  pavilions  of  two  lofty  stories,  connected  by  galleriea  of  two  lower  Bt4»^  and 
beyond  tlie  paTilions,  buildings  of  one  floor  and  an  attic  storey,  ate  extended  equally  to  rither  bandt 
,  etretchbg  tk  wbsle  front,  without  cnmture  or  bend,  to  (he  goodly  tenglh  of  568  feet,  beiag,  bowefcr, 
of  diflerent  depths.  "Hie  ItresJu  make  a  Tariety  of  light  and  ahade,  which  prevents  the  appearance  of 
excess  innnifiMmity,-  while  the  impression  of  august  magnifioeDce  is  deeply  stamped  by  the  bulky  iiv 
rqiutarOothiegnDdeurof  the  ffiposite  front,  in  the  middle  of  whkh  the  lofty  tower,  eaUre,  of  the  ori- 
ginal castle,  rising  to  flie  height  of  &4  feel,  and,  l>y  much  ingenuity,  makmg  a  pvt  of  the  modem  palace, 
overlooks  the  whole  structure. 

This  vast  edifice,  deigned  by  Mr  Baxter,  architect,  of  Edinburgh,  externally  Is  of  white  bud  ttM- 
•tone,  smoothly  cut  in  the  quarriea  of  Drainie  orDnfi^  and  finished  In  the  most  elegant  manner,  witii 
a«culptured  cornice  and  a  handsome  battlement. 

TbeTride  extended  park  ooDbdns  much  ornamented  ground,  and  a  great  variety  of  surftce;  a  high 
given  bank  bends  at  some  dbtanceon  the  coast,  neariy  poiallel  to  the  eonrae  of  the  rivCT.  Where  nature 
here  had  done  much,  the  embeniahment  of  art  hath  been  liberally  bestowed.  The  wood,  without  the 
appearance  of  design,  is  prettily  disposed  upm  the  plidn ;  and  on  &£  moontain-side  above,  it  spreads  tA 
a  wide  extent,  aSbiding  covert  for  numbos  of  the  bounding  stag,  and  cmtalning  In  its  skirts  a  large 
enckeuie  stocked  with  fallow-deer.  Between,  the  castle  and  Fochabers,  there  isa  well  laid  outgarden, 
stocked  with  a  variety  of  fruit  dees,  and  a  handsome  hot^house. 

*  Not  a  ab^le  hnprovement,  uiore  advantageous  to  the  general  interestt  of  agriculture,  nor  mme  enm- 
tial  to  tile  public  accommodation  of  the  inhabitants  notofthiscountrylonly,  but  of  the  klngdom,has  per- 
haps been  ever  made,  than  the  Iniilding  of  the  bridge  of  Spey,  on  the  post  road  from  Focbahna  to  Elgfai. 
It  may  not  be  necessary  now  tomumerate  particularly  the  inoonrenieneea,  the  loss  of  time,  wtd  the  rex- 
atims  which  were  occssioned,  in  getUng  scrass  the  river  by  the  boat;  (he  laborious  exertions  which 
'Were  required,  tMth  in  Ingging  the  loaded  carts  on  Iioard,  and  getting  them  relanded  on  the  other  side, 
Ibe  turmoil,  fat^ue,  and  paaerering  patience  which  were  requisite,  In  compelling  the  fH^ted  and  le- 
Hsting  cattle  to  swim  across  to  the  Banfihire  foin,  and  the  distreas  occasioned  to  their  owner*,  in  get- 
ting tliOM  unsold  brovght  back;  returning  ttmn  the  mariiets  in  the  daric,  when  sinae  of  the  van 
vere  missing,  separated  by  the  River  from  the  rear,  from  whldi  also,  snne  not  unfrequently  strared 


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PART    II.  THE    FAMILY   OF    GORDON.  13 

a  succinct  account,  as  a  full  historical  or  genealo^cal   deduction 
would  too  much  swell  this  Work. 

The  whole  of  Uiis  parish  of  Bellie,  with  the  exception  only  of. 
the  Farm  of  Aultchaaah,  the  property  of  the  Earl  of  Seafield,  apper- 
tains to  the  Duke  of  Gordon. 

THE  FAMILY  OF  GORDON. 

This  is  one  of  the  most  illustrious  Families  in  the  kingdom,  for 
quality,  antiquity,  possessions,  and  people.  There  are,  besides  the 
Duke,  three  Peers  of  this  name.  viz. — ^The  Earls  of  Aberdeen  and 
Aboyne,  and  the  Viscount  of  Kenmure,  with  a  numerous  and  opu- 
lent gentry.     I  leave  others  to  fetch  the  Gordons  from  Giordinia  in 


off  while  the  caodaetan  wore  in  (Mrch  of  Ifae  flnt  stngglMi.  Ferrying  orer  m  chmlw  generally  reqnlr. 
ed  two  royMgei,  die  Irat  with  the  hotaea,  and  the  other  with  the  trarellen  and  the  curUge.  Fre- 
qoently  much  ftar  with  little  danger,  and  wmetiiiiaa  oonddenble  danger  unpercelnd,  without  fear, 
and  tiOea,  hy  the  unnMrnageable  alana  of  the  horsea,  there  was  both  fear  and  danger  conjoined ;  and 
not  imAeqaaitly  tbepaai^e  waa  tnipendedfor  aday  mrtwo  lDgether,bydieiwellhig  of  the  riraTf 
crby  &oat. 

As  the  incrcMtng  tntercourse  made  all  thoae  grierancea  more  frequent,  and  more  hearily  conapieuoiu, 
ha  QiMM  (he  Dncheat  of  Gordon  wai  fortunately  led  to  take  Kme  BCtire  mounrea  Enr  their  remoTSl.-- 
By  her  Once's  direction  a  anbacription  was  evened,  in  tha  year  179&  atid  under  tier  patronage  waa 
filled  up  In  Less  than  six  months,  to  the  amount  of  £3,965,  the  greater  part  by  the  inhabitants  on  the 
banks  of  the  rirer  Joining  in  it ;  owing  to  her  Gnce'g  repreMnlatioiia  to  Loid  MelrlUe  and  Mr  Pitt, 
alao  the  sum  of  £6000  was  allocated  from  the  public  rerenue  to  aaalat  in  the  structure. 

It  i*  probable,  that  without  her  Grace's  patnmage  and  exertkms,  Qiii  work  would  not  hare  Iwen  yet 
begun;  and  it  is  certahi,  (hat  wldiaat  the  Judicipus  and  steady  atlentknu  of  the  Duke,  It  would  not 
have  been  completed. 

His  grace  iiaviiig,  by  the  invcatigBtion  of  ikilfiil  engineers,  ascertained  the  most  proper  station  fat 
the  i^dge,  he  procured,  at  conaldetable  rapense,  plans,  estimates,  and  the  requisite  «pecificatl<nu.— 
But  the  difficoltiea  to  be  orercome  in  Mtablisliing  the  foundation  of  piers,  hi  such  a  de^  impetuoni 
river,  liable  alao,  by  a  rainy  day  in  (he  monntalns,  to  be  suddeily  ndsed  2, 4,  or  6  feet  above  ttie  ordi- 
nvy  level,  snggeated  nich  a  general  ^prehension  of  risk  and  &ilnre,af  lossand  disgrace  by  the  oiider- 
taking,  that  Mr  George  Bums  waa  the  only  engineer,  who  oSbred  to  engage  for  the  execution  of  this 
great  work,  one  of  the  conditions  bmng,  to  uphold  it  for  die  first  aeven  years  after  its  completion.— 
After  much  mature  onisidentlon  and  the  risk  of  every  probable  cimtingency,  the  contract  was  framed 
by  a  professional  conreysnoer,  tided  by  theopbianof  ableoouitcll,  and  his  Grace  thereby  obliged  him- 
self to  advance  (o  Mr  Bums  tlie  irhole  expense  agned  on,  at  (he  capital  mm  of  £11,700.  The  flnt 
fbusdatlott  stone  was  Laid  on  the  S9th  day  of  June,  in  the  yecr  1801,  by  the  Haiqnis  of  Huntly,  attend- 
ed by  the  Mason  Lodges,  and  the  Volunteo'  Companies  of  the  cmmttes  of  Ht»ay  and  Banff,  in  a  grand 

D 


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16  THE    FAMILY  OF   GOBDON.  PART   K. 

Sir  Alexander  Fraeer,  Thane  of  Cowie,  with  whom  he  got  the 
lands  of  Touch,  Fraser,  Aboyne,  Glentanir,  Glenmnik,  and  Clunie. 
And,  by  his  second  wife,  iBg;idia  Hay  heiress  of  Bog  of  Gig-ht  and 
a  part  of  £nzie,  he  obtained  these  Jands.  In  a  confirmation  of  his 
lands  by  King  James  II.  anno  1457,  the  onerous  cause,  (says  Bur- 
net of  Crimond)  was,  F<yr  keeping  the  Crorcn  on  our  head:  But 
this  Charter  is  now  lost.  Dying  anno  1479,  his  son  (12)  George, 
was  Lord  Chancellor,  founded  Gordon- Castle,  erected  the  Priory  of 
Kingussie,  and  left  three  sons,  viz.  Alexander,  Adam  who  married 
the  heiress  of  Sutherland,  and  William  of  Gight.  (13)  Alexander, 
was  made  Hereditary  Sheriff  of  the  county,  and  Constable  of  the 
Castle  of  Inverness :  And,  by  a  Charter,  34th  March  1505,  got  the 
Castle  of  Inverlochie  in  Lochaber,  and  the  adjacent  lands  (pub: 


d»]r  bare  been  eomted  to  tbe  number  of  twenty. 

Tbe  fbuodAtlon  of  the  pier  flnt  buUt  in  tbe  Spey,  in  (he  ntDmn- of  Am  year  I8D3,  ma  lakLnnriy 
twelve  feet  deep  below  the  (Drbceoftlie  wnter  In  Its  lownt  state;  ttie  pebbles,  unkTel,  and  itMiee  har- 
ing  wiUi  much  labour,  difficulty,  and  repeatedly  renewed  exertion, been  |»VTioiuly  iBM^ed  off  to  Uie  bed 
of  rock,  orer  which  the  river  in  that  part  maintam*  its  course.  Although  a  wail  one  yaid  ttiidt,  of 
■tiff  oonpacted  clay,  nif^rted  on  both  sides  by  a  close  frame  of  planli:  *ertically  placed,  and  iwond  in 
In  tlie  strongest  manner  tegotha ,  was  In  tlie  third  summer  completed,  after  several  dlaappmnted  eo- 
deavonn,  yet  tbe  weight  of  (he  river  pitatlng  hcarily  on  die  apaee  witliio,  Jbrced  this  fence,  etiher  b^ 
neath  the  clay,  or  tbroagh  dw  flnuret  of  the  rode,  in  such  quantities,  that  die  united  exerUcm  of  the 
workmrai,  aided  by  pumps,  constructed  on  every  known  principle,  scarcely  permitted  the  first  coune 
of  die  finmdation  to  l>e  laid  upon  the  rock.  Tbe  twsis  vS  tbe  other  irfos  were  with  len  dlAcnlty 
establiibed,  tlie  iMislness  being  better  known,  and  the  obstructions,  from  thedepth  and  weight  of  ttie 
stream  notso  considenble ;  and,  in  llie  antumn  of  the  sncceeding  jrear,  this  elegant  and  substantial  itmc- 
ture  removed  forever  all  that  vexation  by  wliich  the  traveller  had  fimnerly  been  so  much  distrened. 

Tbe  i^ra  are  36  bet  in  lengdi  along  the  conne  of  tbe  streun,  and  each  one  occujdes  IS  feet  of  its 
brei^di ;  they  are  ail  rused  to  the  height  of  19  feet  from  tlie  rock  on  which  they  are  laid,  opposing 
to  tlie  attacks  of  tlte  river  a  bulk  of  masonry  of  nearly  BOOO  cubic  feet,  united  as  a  rock  into  me  solid 
mass  by  lulMtantial  cramps  of  iron,  bound  in  with  lead.  The  piers  oppow  the  stream,  not  in  a  sliarp  or 
salientangle,  which  of  itself  creates  an  undermining  vortex,  Init  in  the  round  Cmin  of  die  prow  of  adiip, 
wiiifh  not  only  sustams  the  weight  widiont  exciting  the  violence  of  the  torrent,  but,  instead  of  oppcah^ 
only  one  single  >Uin<s  presents  a  large  surikcecampoctedof  many  loads,  obviously  diminidilng  the  plea- 
sure in  tlieratioof  itsextait:  in  this  form  it  is  contrived  also  to  have  the  stone  cut  and  placed  so  as  to 
bear  in  such  a  manner  <ni  eachother,that  histeadof  I)Mng  siuken,  they  aie,1>y  the  pressure,  more  firmly 
locked  t(f  ether :  and  could  one  of  tltem  be  dashed  out,  by  the  concussion  of  the  comer  log  of  a  knded 
raft,  or  I>y  a  heavy  mass  of  ice  drifted  violendy  by  the  torrent,  it  could  be  again  inserted  with  little 


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PART    II.  THE    FAMILY   OF   GORDON.  17 

Archives).  And  dyiog'  1533,  was  ancceeded  by  his  Grand-son,  son 
of  John  who  died  1517.  viz.  {\4)  George,  a  man  of  unbounded  am- 
bition. He  was  Lord  Chaocellor,  and  the  13th  February  1548,  got 
a  charter  of  the  Earldom  of  Moray,  the  Lordships  of  Abemethie, 
Petty,  Brachlie  and  Strathem,  the  castles  of  Tarnua,  Abernethie 
and  Hall  hill,  the  fishing  of  Spey,  Lossie  and  Findhom.  He  had 
likewise  the  administratioa  of  Uie  Earldoms  of  Marr  and  Orkney, 
the  Lordship  of  Shetland  and  Bailiery  of  Strathdee.  In  the  Queen 
Regent's  tour  to  the  North,  he  entertained  her  so  sumptuously,  that 
(says  Straloch)  Monsieur  D'Osel  advised  her  to  humble  him :  And 
in  1554,  he  was  divested  of  his  said  acquisitions,  and  rebelling 


pr^ndioe  to  tbe  ballding;  whereu  driviiig  oat  the  stone  of  Ihe  nlient  ingle  would  be  attended  wilfa 
terioni  conaeqaences. 

TIk  BlratmentB  we  founded  on  the  rock  u  well  as  the  pien,  uid  the  exterior  coarses  bound  togethe  i 
in  flie  same  manner  with  cmnp«.  Four  circular  arches,  with  their  appropnale  ornaments,  riae  froK 
the  piers,  at  Uie  b^fat  of  S  feet  abore  die  ontiunry  level  of  the  river.  The  two  narniwest  srcbea  rest 
on  the  abutmenta,  each  opening  totheapm  of  73  fretnmmreil'  along  the  diameter,  l>eingoi)e  foot  leas 
wliile  Ule  two  in  the  middle,  each  of  95  feet  ppan.  are  19  feet  wider  than  the  largest  arch  of  Westminater 
Bridge)  preaenting  a  free  water-conne  of  310  feet,  which  ia  146  feet  more  tlum  the  water  way  of  the 
Tliamea  at  London  Bridge. 

When  this  almcture  waa  eompteted,  the  height  of  2S  feet  from  tlie  southern  abutment  to  the  plain 
obstrocted  tha  posaage.  This  was  foreaeen  and  (nuvided  for  in  tlie  contract,  hy  the  addition  of  eight 
atche*,  decreasing  is  height  aa  they  receded  from  the  bridge,  the  expence<if  which  had  been  limited  to 
X39e.  But,  by  the  nggestim  of  the  Duke  of  Gordon,  and  the  a^nubation  of  Meaara.  Telford  and  Jeasop, 
the  civil  engineera  of  government,  when  surrepug  the  execi|tiou  of  the  work,  a  mnandofearlh  waaafter' 
wai^  deemed  {irefenble,  partly  as  being  more  ornamental,  (beeauae  the  brnk  on  the  norlhem  abutment 
was  to  be  cut  through  down  to  the  lerei  of  the  path  of  the  bridge,)  and  partly  to  confine  the  river  to  i(a 
pn^r  course.  The  architect  undertook  to  make  this  alteration,  thus  aanctioned,  and  to  cut  down  the 
bank  on  the  northern,  and  form  the  mound  on  Ihe  aouthem  abutment,  at  the  rale  of  la.  3d.  for  the  cnbic 
yard.  At  the  abutment,  where  its  height  is  13  feet,  its  base  is  115  feel  in  breadth,  decreaauig,  as  it  rises 
to  35  feet  at  the  top,  where  it  forma  an  inclined  plain,  gredually  diminished  at  the  base,  as  its  height 
decreases,  till  It  runs  out  on  the  level  at  the  distance  of  1043  feet  from  the  bridgj:;,  cmlainuig  23.000 
enbie  yards  of  earth  and  gravel.  The  sides  of  this  mound  are  now  clothed  with  verdant  grass,  its  bottom 
is  decorated  by  flourishing  trees.and  ila  steepness  on  either  side  is  guarded  by  subslantial  limber  lalla, 

lis  bulky  mass  suggests  the  doubt  of  its  being  the  work  of  roan ;  but  rather  a  Ridge  fortuitously  l)y 
nature  presented,  to  which  the  Bridge,  bad  been  only  on  Ihe  account  of  its  accommodation  adjected. 

Tlie  porapela  of  the  bridge,  Instead  of  common  rubble  stone  walla,  which  had  lieen  (n-Iglnally  provided 
fi)r  by  the  contract,  were  Improved  into  handsome  hewn  aahlar  work.  A  commodious  toll-houae,  the 
most  elt^ant  periu^  hi  the  kingdom,  wna  alaobnilt.    These  alteiKtiws,  with  the  Increase  of  tbe  charge 


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18  THE    FAMILY   OF    GORDON.  PART   II. 

against  Queen  Mary,  lost  his  life  in  tiie  battle  of  Corricliee,  anno 
1562.  Brevity  only  allows  me  to  mention  his  son  (15)  George, 
whose  son  (16)  George,  fought  the  battle  of  Glenlivat  1594,  was 
created  Marquis  17th  April  1590,  and  died  1636:  His  son  (17) 
George  was  beheaded  in  1649,  whose  son  (18)  Lewis  died  1653,  and 
was  fatlier  of  (19)  Duke  George. 

In  1650,  the  feunily  of  Huntly  was  indebted  to  Argyle,  a  million 
of  merks  Scots ;  and  the  judicial  rent  of  Huntly's  estate  was  50,000 
Merks,  whereof  10,000  annually  were  aUowed  to  the  Marchioness 
Dowager  and  the  Earl  of  Aboyne  (Vide  Artie's  trial).  And  Lord 
Lorn  lived  in  Gordon  Castle  from  1653  to  February  1st  1661.  The 
family  of  Huntly  was  saved  from  being  sunk  under  this  debt  by  Ar- 


for  die  mound  alioTe  the  cm(  of  the  eight  mean  arehea,  made  an  addition  of  <S,11W  to  *e  wm  iWed 

Rilbecont»ct,iDakbg  the  irttole  amount  equal  to £14^880 

From  the  £6000  of  the  n&Uonal  mooev,  there  were  £152  retdned  as  the  Tees  of  the 

grant;  the  ram,  therefore,  whldk  waaactiutltf  granted,  amounted  only  to    -        -       £334S 
Several  of  the  nibecribera  havbg  died,  and  aome  having  left  the  country,  and  from 

other  circuDutonces,  therecouldoniyherccoveredof  fiie  amount  snbBcribed,  the  sum  of  3,100 
To  thia  is  to  be  added  the  ninu  subscribed  by  the  Duke  of  Gordon,  and  the  Marqnia  of 

Huntly,  amounting  together  to  ......  1,10S 

Making  the  whole  contribution  equal  to     -  .  .  .  .  -  10y063 

Leavbg  bis  Grace  under  ttie  obligation  to  adTunce  farther.  th>m  his  own  jMirale  fortune, 
the  hdance,  amountii^  to  -  -  -  -  -  ...  4,827 

-£I4,8M, 

exclusive  of  £100  of  yearly  rmt  for  the  feny,  which  it  now  wholly  toat.  llik  may  be,  petbapa,  in  some 
degree  compensated  by  the  manifold  conrenienciet;,  and  the  cerbdnty,  on  every  emetgcncy,  of  a  mady 
passage  by  the  bridge ;  while  the  amount  of  the  capital  at  once  advanced  Is  to  be  tvsovkkA  only  by  the 
small  and  distant  returns  of  the  toll,  which,  by  the  act  IS04,  cap.  61,  Is  reetricted  to  the  ancient  rates 
of  die  ferry-bont,  with  eren  the  diminution  for  the  return  of  ejnpty  carta  and  carriages  on  the  same  day. 
Theae  rates  are  let  for  the  year  ending  on  the  SElh  of  May  1810  tor        -        •        -  £338 

Which,  after  the  payment  of  the  legal  interest  of  the  debt  dae  by  the  bridge  amoantlng  to  £244 
lieaves  a  yearly  fund  for  the  discharge  of  this  debt  only  equal  lo    -        -        -       -  94 

—  £338 
If  the  receipt  from  fliii  toll  should  rise  to  £400  yearly,  the  highest  sum  whteh  Is  expected,  the  sink- 
ing (Und  wonld  be  only  mcreaKd  to  £tS6  yearly,  the  efficiency  of  which.  Tor  many  yean,  at  the  begin- 
ning, will  be  but  inconsidenble. 


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PART    II.  THE    PAMILY   OF    GORDON.  10 

^Ie'8  forfeiture  in  1661,  when  the  Ring  remitted  the  whole  of  it 
Georg«  was  created  Duke  of  Gordon  1st  November  1684  His 
son  (20)  Alexander.  His  son  (21)  Cosmo-George.  And  his  son 
(33)  Alexander,  is  now  Dake.  And  thus  the  noble  fiunily  has  flou- 
rished during  two  and  twenty  generations. 

Ilie  Duke  of  Gordon  beoretfa  quarterly.  1.  Azure,  three  Boars* 
heads  cooped  Or,  fca-  Gordon.  2.  Or,  three  lions'  heads  erased 
Gules,  for  Badenoch.  3.  Or,  three  crescents  within  the  Royal  tres- 
sure  Gules,  for  Seaton.  And  4.  Azure,  three  Frases  Argent  for 
Fraser  <rf  Cowie.  Crest  A  hart's  head  proper,  attired  with  ten 
^es,  issuing  out  of  a  Marquis'  coronet  Or.  Supporters,  two  deer 
hounds  Argent,  collared  Gules,  and.  on  each  collar  three  buckles 
Or.        Motto.  B  T  D  A  N  D. 

THE  PARISH  OF  DUNDURCOS. 

Hiia  parish  is  next  to  Bellie  up  the  river  :  So  called  from  Dun  a 
Hill,  Dur  Water,  and  Cos  Foot,  for  there  the  river  runneth  at  the 
foot  of  the  hill.  It  is  situated  on  both  sides  of  the  river.  On  the 
west  side,  the  church  standeth  ^out  haU  a  mile  from  the  south  end 
of  the  parish;  about  three  and  a  half  miles  S.  of  Speymouth  church, 
and  one  mile  N.  <^  Rothes.  North  from  the  church  lie  the  lands  of 
Gorbatie,  the  property  of  Sir  Robert  Gordon  of  Gordonston;  and  be- 
low these  on  the  river,  are  the  lands  of  Orton,  lately  belonging  to  a 
branch  of  the  fiunily  of  Innes,  and  now  to  the  Earl  of  Fife.  Near 
to  the  church  is  a  part  of  the  Lordship  of  Rothes,  and  now  the  pro- 
perty of  the  Earl  of  Findlater. 

On  the  east  side  of  the  river,  the  parish  stretches  about  four  miles 
in  length,  and  in  some  parts  more  than  a  mile  in  breadth.  In  the 
north  end  is  Ordemhiah  pertaining  to  the  Duke  of  Gordon.  Soulli 
of  which,  on  the  river  «de,  is  Caimtie,  lately  purchased  by  Sir  Lu- 
dovick  Grant  from  Alexander  Hay,  ^ose  ancestors  had  been  for 
some  generations  heritors  of  it.     And  south  and  east  of  Caimtie,  is 


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20  THE    FAMILY  OF   GORDON.  PART   II. 

the  barony  of  Mulbm,  the  freehold  of  Sir  Jamea  Grant.  This,  it  is 
said,  was  the  first  land  that  the  Family  of  Grant  had  on  the  Biver 
Spey,  uid  which  they  obtained  by  marria^  with  the  daughter  and 
heiress  of  Wiseman  of  Mulben,  about  350  years  ag;o.  A  brook 
diat  falleth  into  the  river  at  the  passage  boat,  called  the  Boat  of 
biidge,  was  fonnerly  called  Orkil;  and  the  lands  on  the  btmks  of  it 
were  called  Inverorkil,  which  lands  Muriel  de  PoUoc  mortified,  in 
the  thirteenth  century  ineunte,  for  building  an  hospital  there,  of 
which  hospital  some  vestiffes  still  remain  (Appendix  No.  II.  ]:  And 
at  the  mouth  of  this  brook,  there  was  a  bridge  of  wood  over  the  ri- 
ver, the  pier  of  which,  on  the  east  side,  is  yet  to  be  seen.  It  was 
called  PoTis  de  Spe  (  Append.  No.  III.  )  And  was  the  only  bridge 
I  have  found  upon  that  river  till  of  late.  In  the  south  comer  of  the 
parish,  on  the  river's  bank,  are  the  lands  of  Aitkenwa,  for  several 
generations  the  property  of  a  branch  of  the  family  of  Rothes,  and 
now  pertaining  to  the  Earl  of  Undlater,  as  a  part  of  the  barony  of 
Rothes.  The  whole  ofthis^>arish  is  in  the  county  of  Elgin.  Next 
to  it  is, 

THE  PARISH  OF  ROTHES. 

This  parish  in  Erse  is  called,  Rauis,  q.  Raudh-itia,  i.  e.  Red  Ten- 
ter, from  the  red  banks  of  the  river  and  brooks.  It  extendeth  on 
the  river  side,  in  a  beautiful  plain,  fromN.  N.  E.  to  S.  S.  W.  about 
two  miles,  and  in  the  lower  end,  a  defile,  called  the  Glen  of  Rothes, 
stretcheth  among  the  hills  towards  Elgin,  three  miles  to  the  N.  N. 
W.  The  church  standeth  upon  the  side  of  a  brook,  a  quwter  of  a 
mile  from  the  river,  and  half  a  mile  from  the  north  end  of  the  pa- 
rish. One  mile  S.  of  Duodurcos  church  ;  three  miles  N.  of  Aber- 
lour,  and  about  five  miles  N.  E.  of  Knockando.  In  the  year  1238, 
Eva  de  Mortach  (daughter  of  Muriel  de  Folloch,  who  was  daugh- 
ter of  Petrus  de  Polloc)  was  Domina  de  Rothes  {Chart.  Mor.)  In 
the  end  of  the  reig^  of  Ring  Alexander  the  III.  Norman  Ledy  (rf 


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PART   II.  THE   OEOORAPHT   OF   HOBAT.  21 

Lesly  in  the  Garioch  married  the  daug;hter  aud  heiress  (it  is  said)  of 
Watson  of  Rothes,  and  from  that  time,  the  Barony  continued  to  be 
the  property  of  the  &mily  of  Lesly,  'till  in  the  beginning  of  this 
Centnry,  Captain  John  Grant  of  Easter  Elchies  made  a  "porchase 
of  it.  And  his  grandson,  John  Grant  Baron  of  Exchequer,  sold  ^e 
Barony  of  Rothes,  and  Uie  baronies  of  Easter  Elcfaies  and  Edinvil- 
Ue,  anno  1758,  to  James  Earl  of  Findlater.  The  east  side  of  the 
Glen  of  Rothes  pertaineth  in  feu-holding  to  Robert  Innes  of  Black- 
hills,  and  the  west  side  is  the  feu  property  of  Robert  Cumming  of 
Loggie.  Near  the  church,  stood  the  castle  or  Fortalice  of  Rotibes, 
which  carries  the  marks  of  an  ancient  building.  It  stood  on  a 
green  mount,  surrounded  by  a  dry  ditch  or  Fosse,  and  is  now 
in  ruins.  The  whole  of  this  parish  is  in  the  county  of  Elgin  or 
Moray.  *     S.  W.  from  Rothes  is, 

THE  PARISH  OF  KNOCKANDO. 

The  parish  of  Knockando,  in  Erse,  Knoc-canack,  i.  e.  the  Merhat  ' 
At^  is  bounded  by  the  river  to  the  S.  and  E.  by  the  hills  on  the  N. 


*  The  (tale  of  theM  pariiha  wu  to  greatly  changed  In  1782  hy  the  aniiexatUra  of  Dimdnrcos,  partly. 
to  Rothea,  and  in  pMt  to  Boharm,  that  continuing  the  account  of  the  state  of  these  pariihn,  as  in  (bo 
1^  of  our  Aathor,  it  has  been  deemed  onlf  necessaiy,  without  fivther  refeienee,  to  note  their  state 
here  u  it  is  now. 

71m  Farish  of  Rothes,  In  its  presemt  extent  along  the  westera  bank  of  the  Spey ,  measures  aMrly  ten 
nilesfrom  the  lower  Cn^elachy  to  the  boundary  of  the  parish  of  Bpef-moulh,upaittteI>ukeofOwdon> 
Estate  of  Dif^le.  The  moont<^  receding  ia  its  beodii^  from  the  Hirer,  has  sh^ed  the  pwisb  into 
the  bar  beautiful  estensive  plains  of  DunnaleiQi,  Rothes,  Duodurcos,  u]d  Ortown,  Many  Farou 
■bo  itmtch  backward  oa  the  more  gentle  decliritips  of  the  nuuntam ;  and  in  the  vallies  along  the 
nmlry  tHvoks  sent  forth  from  the  laoanlaia  througb  those  Plains  into  tlie  Rlrer.  Rothes  GoraprebeDdx 
also  die  Pminsula  of  Akaunwall,  port  of  the  Estate  of  Amdilly,  projected  in  a  pimnontory  tram  tlui 
bottom  of  the  mountain  of  Bene^in,  Insulated  ou  all  its  other  sides  by  the  winding  of  the  river. — 
lliere  is  the  defile  also  of  the  Glen  of  Rothes,  opening  nortbwnrd  qoite  Uiroagh  the  moantnin  into  tbp 
bnad  champaign  of  Mony,  conlainii^  the  EsbUe  of  Auchnarotfa,  the  pn^terty  of  William  Robertson, 
Esq,  and  the  Glens  with  Pitcrai^[y,spperl«inu^  to  the  fomily  of  Gumming  of  Loggie.  Anchnaroth  ex- 
hibits a  handsome  Dwelling,  irith  the  reqairite  embsllidiments  of  fcrores,  gardens,  and  extraisive  plaa- 
iatioos,  with  a  large  extent  of  the  mountain  backward  for  the  production  of  Grouse,  and  tbe  maintain*  ' 
aace  of  sbeep, 

Ortown  House,  tiie  pn^terty  of  Richard  Wharton  Do^  Bsq.  is  the  only  Family  Sat. — Ad  extauire 


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22  THE   QEOGBAPHY   OF    MORAY.  PART   II. 

and  W.  And  extends  by  tiie  side  of  the  river,  abont  six  miles  in 
len<^h,  and  generally  one  mile  in  breadtii,  and  in  some  parts  two 
miles.  The  church  standeth  a  quarter  of  a  mile  from  the  river, 
about  two  miles  below  the  S.  W.  end  of  the  parish,  two  miles  N.  of 
Inviravon,  five  miles  S.  W.  of  Rothes,  and  about  three  miles  S.  W.  of 
Aberlaur.  In  the  lower  end  of  the  parish,  on  the  borders  of  Ro- 
thes, is  a  rocky  hill  cadled,  Craig  Elackie,  i.  e.  The  Echoing  or 
Sounding  Craig  :  And  from  it  to  another  craig  called  Elachie,  on 
the  borders  of  Badenoch,  stretcheth  the  country  of  Strathspey,  com- 
monly said  to  be  between  the-  two  craig  Elachies,  extending  about 
twenty  two  miles  in  length,  but  unequal  in  breadth  :  A  country  infe- 
rior to  few,  if  to  any,  in  the  north  of  Scotland,  for  the  conveniences 
of  life.  Besides  abundance  of  grain  for  the  inhabitants,  it  is  beau- 
tified and  enriched  with  much  wood  and  timber,  watered  by  many 


plain  of  fertile  oom-field  ipreadi  iMckward  more  Qaa  a  mile  from  the  river,  a  wood  clodied  bank  imepa 
drcular  along  tlieotbn  side,  presenting  nokr  Its  margin  Kl)OTe,  an  inviting  elevated  sitnalion  for  tbfr 
Honse,  a  modem  lai^  elcftnt  Bnijding  of  four  stories,  with  appropriate  winp,  cantalaiDg  a^  suit  of 
magnificent  Public  Rooms.— -The  Paintings  though  pretty  numerous,  are  in  geneni.  Family  and  otlier 
Portraits,  there  are  a  fev  specimens  of  tile  Polygraphic  art,  Landscapes  littledialii^uishablefromo^- 
mon  Paintings.  The  Libisiy  Is  a  lofty  Kod  spacioaa  Room  fitted  op  in  an  el^rant  and  commodkNB 
Style.  The  Approach  is  judiciously  opened  through  a  sheltering  Grove,  with  its  ornamental  Slirublwry 
continued  along  the  green  lAwn  which  spreads  aronnd  the  House.  Widiln  the  recess  of  a  grove,  on 
the  pUhi  under  tlie  wood-clotlied  Banic,  is  be  qwcioui  Orchard  in  contiguity  with  an  extennve  Gar- 
den with  a  long  range  of  Hot-house,  rearing  the  Pine-Apple  and  the  Orape  ;  besides  a  large  extent  of 
Brick-lined  wall  for  tiie  more  delicate  kinds  of  European  fruitage.  The  B«nk  presents  an  inriti^ 
walk  with  its  flowery  ghrubbery.  The  Grovesare  judiciously  disposed,  the  circling  Zones  ailbrd  their 
■hade  and  shelter  to  Che  circnqjaceot  Fidds,  and  an  indefinite  extent  of  Forest,  Fir,  l^rix,  and  all  the 
Variety  of  deciduons  trees,  clotlM  the  (^  of  the  mountain  bdiind.  On  one  prominent  intermediate 
height,  a  neat  inad«D  Watch  Tower  commands  the  Landscape ;  the  wbding  course  oflbebrnad  rolling 
River,  Gordon  Castle  and  its  decorated  domidn,  the  whole  of  the  varied  plain  on  tlie  north,  and  a  great 
extent  of  the  sea. 

In  the  year  1766  a  village  was  begun  by  the  Earl  of  Seafield,  on  the  phdn  of  Rotfies,  upon  Leases  of 
38  years,  and  the  life  rent  thereafter  of  the  possessor,  after  whid  the  building  might  be  purchased  by 
the  Land-lord ;  Each  tenement  is  the  Stb  part  of  an  acre  of  fcots  measure,  at  the  rent  of  10s.  yearly, 
fromonehalf  to  two  acres  of  Land,  at  anadequate  rent  is  occupied  with  each  tenement,wlthou I  the  secu- 
rity of  a  Lease:  This  village  accommodates  nearly  400  inhabitants.  The  eslablLihment  of  no  nunu- 
bclDfy  has  been  yet  proposed,  though  a  consideiable  stream  working  a  corn  mill,  a  carding  mill,  and  a 
fiiUing  mill,  runs  beh  hid  the  Gardens.  Tbeexigenciesof  thecountryaresuppHedbytherequisiCeartizanx. 


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PABT  II.  THE   FAMILY  OF  GRANT.  23 

rivulets,  and  well  stored  with  cattle,  great  and  small :  And  as  tiie 
most  confflderable  inhabitants  of  it  are  GentiemeD  of  the  name  of 
Grant,  I  shall,  before  I  describe  tills  parish,  give  a  saccinct  ac- 
count of  this  Family. 

GRANT  OF  GRANT. 

The  simame  of  Grant  is  of  g^reat  antiquity  in  Scotland :  but 
historians  do  not  exactly  agree  about  their  origin. — some  alleging 
that  they  are  of  the  ancient  Scots,  denominated  Caledonians  when 
the  Picta  inhabited  the  south  of  Scotland  ;  others  that  they  came 
from  Denmark  ;  others  from  England  ;  and  others  again  from 
France. 

Although  we  cannot  with  certainty  fix  the  precise  time  of  their 
settlement  in  Scotland,  or  whether  they  were  of  tiie  Aborigines 
(rf  the  Country,  yet  we  have  inconteslible  proof  from  oar  Histories 
and  Records  that  they  were  a  powerful  Family,  and  made  a  con- 
siderable figure  in  Uiat  Kingdom  about  600  years  ago. 

We  shall  therefore  pass  over  the  traditional  part  of  their  history, 
and  proceed  to  deduce  their  descent  from 

I.  Gregorius,  or  Gregory  De  Grant,  Sheriff  Principal  of  Inver- 
ness inttie  reign  of  King  Alexander  II.  who  succeeded  to  the  crown 
of  Scotland  in  the  year  1214,  and  died  in  1249.  At  that  time,  and 
indeed  UU  the  year  15S3,  the  shire  of  Inverness  comprehended,  be- 
sides what  is  now  so  called,  all  Ross,  Sutherland,  and  Caithness. 
This  one  consideration  is  a  convincing  proof  that  Gregory  was  a 
man  of  no  small  influence  and  power  ;  for  on  such  only  would  our 
Kings  of  old  confer  the  important  office  of  Sheriff  over  so  extensive 
a  territory,  as  such  only  could  with  success  discharge  the  duty.  He 
married  Mary  Bizet  a  daughter  of  the  Family  of  Lovat,  with  whom 
he  got  the  lands  of  Stratherrick  &:c,  and  by  her  he  had  several  sons. 
'  (1)  Sir  Lawrence  his  heir.  (3)  Robert.  (3)  Lucas,  of  whom  Della- 
ehapple.     (4)  Allan,  of  whom  Achernack:  whether  Lucas  or  Allan 


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24  THB    FAMILY   OF    GRANT.  PART    II. 

was  the  eldest  is  disputed.     Gregorius  De  Grant  died  in  the  reigri 
of  King  Alexander  the  III.  and  was  succeeded  by  bis  eldest  son, 

II.  Sir  Lawrence  De  Grant.  In  a  competition  in  1358  between 
Archibald  Bishop  of  Moray,  and  John  Bizet,  iather  of  Walter  Bizet, 
mentioned  in  "  Rymer's  Federa  "  this  Dominus  Laurentius  de  Grant 
iff  particularly  mentioned  as  a  friend  and  kinsman  <^  the  said  Bizet, 
and  to  which  deed  Robert  de  Grant,  brother  to  the  stud  Lawrence 
is  a  witness.  These  Grants  resided  in  Stratherrick,  a  part  at  that 
period  of  the  Province  of  Moray. 

Sir  Lawrence  had  two  sons  (1)  Sir  John  his  heir.  (2)  Rudulphus 
de  Grant,  who  being:  firmly  attached  to  the  Bruce  interest  against 
Baliol,  was,  with  his  eldest  brother  Sir  John,  and  his  uncle  Robert 
de  Grant,  taken  prisoner  by  King  Edward  the  I.  of  England  in 
1296.  Robert  as  possessing  lessinfluence  and  weight,  obtained  his 
freedom  at  Berwick  ;  but  Sir  John  and  his  brother  were  carried  to 
London,  whence  they  were  liberated  on  bail  in  1297.  Sir  Lawrence 
was  succeeded  by  his  heir, 

III.  Sir  John  Grant  the  first.  He  was  a  great  heroand  patriot 
and  joined  the  brave  Sir  William  Wallace  in  defence  of  the  liber- 
ties of  his  country.     He  was  succeeded  by  his  eldest  son, 

IV.  Sir  John  Grant  the  second.  This  Gentleman  is  frequently 
mentioned  upon  very  honourable  occasions:  First  as  a  commander 
in  the  right  wing  of  the  army  in  the  battle  of  Hallidovni-hill,  19th 
July  1333,  in  which  he  commanded  a  Battalion  of  his  own 
name  and  followers.  He  received  the  honour  of  knighthood  from 
King  David  the  II.  after  the  return  of  that  Monarch  from  Eng- 
land in  spring  1359.  and  in  the  same  year  he,  with  Sir  Robert  Ers- 
kine  progenitor  of  the  Earl  of  Mar  ;  and  Norman  Leslie  ancestor 
qf  the  Earls  of  Rothes,  were  appointed  ambassadors  extraordinary 
to  the  court  of  France,  to  renew  the  ^ncient  league  betwixt  Scot- 
land and  that  kingdom,  and  to  negociate  other  afiairs  of  state,  which 
embassy  they  discharged  honourably.     The  Earldom  of  Moray, 


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PART    II.  THE    FAMILY    OF    GRANT.  30 

after  the  death  of  Earl  John  Randolph  in  the  battle  of  Durham  in 
1346  fell  to  the  gift  of  the  Crown,  as  did  many  of  the  lands  belong' 
ing  to  the  Cummings  ;  and  considering  the  esteem  in  which  Sir 
John  Grant  stood  with  the  King,  there  is  a  strong  probability  that 
at  this  time  he  received  a  royal  gift  of  part  of  their  Lands  on  Spey- 
mde,  as  soon  after  his  Family  are  denominated  o/'^reucAy,  now  cal- 
led Castle  Girant,  which  is  situated  within  a  short  distance  of  the 
river  Spey.  There  is  a  safe  Conduct  from  King  Edward  the  III. 
of  England  Domino  Johanni  Grant  militi  et  Elizabeth,  his  spouse 
Sec.  to  travel  into  that  kingdom  with  ten  servants  to  attend  them 
anno  1363.  He  afterwards  got  another  safe  Conduct  to  repair  to 
the  court  of  England  upon  affairs  of  state  anno  1368.  He  died  in 
the  end  of  the  reign  of  King  David  the  II. ;  and  by  ElizabeUi  his 
wife  left  a  son.  Sir  Robert,  his  heir,  and  a  daughter,  Agnes,  married 
to  Sir  Kchard  Cumming  Progenitor  of  Altyre  &c. 

V.  Sir  Robert — As  Sir  John  had  been  much  in  favour  with 
King  David  the  II.  so  this  Robert  was  respected  by  his  successor 
King  Robert  the  II.  In  the  year  1385,  on  a  war  breaking  out  be- 
twixt France  and  England,  the  King  of  France  remitted  40,000 
Francs  to  be  divided  amongst  the  Nobility  and  principal  Gentry  of 
Scotland,  for  the  purpose  of  animating  the  Scots  to  make  an  irrup- 
tion into  England,  and  thereby  a  diversion  in  favour  of  France,  of 
which  sum  Sir  Robert  had  a  proportion  as  chief  of  the  Family.  He 
was  a  man  much  esteemed  for  his  conduct  and  fortitude.  He  died 
in  the  reign  of  King  Robert  the  III.  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son, 

VI.  Malcolm  de  Grant,  who  began  to  make  a  figure  as  head  of 
die  Clan  soon  after  Sir  Robert's  death,  though  then  but  a  young 
man.  He  was  one  of  those  Cientlemen  of  rank  and  distinction  men- 
tioned in  a  Convention  for  settling  certain  differences  between  Tho- 
mas Dunbfur  Earl  of  Moray,  and  Alexander  de  Insulis  Dominns  de 
Lochaber.  He  died  about  the  beginning  of  the  reign  of  King 
James  the  I.  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son, 

G 


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^  THE  FAMILY  OF  GRANT.  PART  II. 

.VII-  Sir  Patrick  Grant,  who  by  a  charter  iu  the  Archivea  of 
Castle  Grant  is  designed  Patiicius  le  Grant  Dominus  de  Stratb- 
errock,  by  which  he  gives  in  liferent  to  Elizabeth  his  daughter,  and 
William  Pilche  Burgess  of  Inverness,  her  husband,  the  Davoch  of 
Dreggie.  and  the  half  Davoch  of  Glenbeg  in  Xnverallea  of  Strath- 
spey. Sir  Patrick  was  twice  married.  His  first  Lady  was  daugh- 
ter and  heiress  of  Wiseman  of  Mulben  ;  and  his  second  a  daughter 
of  Maclean  of  Donart,  who  was  killed  in  the  battle  t^  Harlaw  anno 
1411.  She  was  the  mother  of  his  aaa  and  successor  Sir  John.  Sir 
Patrick  was  a  man  of  activity  and  prudence,  and  to  increase  the 
Fortune  of  his  Family,  projected  and  accomplished  the  marriage  of 
his  son  with  Matilda  the  heiress  of  Gilbert  Gumming  oi  Glencher- 
nick.     He  was  succeeded  by  his  said  son, 

VIII.  Sir  John,  Sheriff  Principal  of  Inverness.  Among  the 
Arms  at  Castle  Grant,  there  is  a  Musquet  wi^  this  Iqscription  on 
the  barrel.  ''Dominus  Johannes  Grant,  Miles,  Vicecomes  de  Inver- 
ness, anno  1434,  "  accompanied  by  the  three  antique  crowns  of  the 
family  arms.  By  his  Lady  Matilda  Camming  heiress  of  the  estaAe 
of  Glenchemick,  he  had  three  sons ;  Duncan  the  oldest  succeeded 
him  in  the  Family  honours  and  estates.  The  next  was  ancestor  of  the 
Clan-Phadric,  or  House  of  TuUochgorum,  of  whom  are  sprung  tbe 
Guna  and  Groats,  or  Groots  in  Caithness,  who  boast  of  including  in 
their  Tribe  the  great  Hugo  Grotius,  who  in  the  Dutch  language  is 
called  Hugo  Groot,  The  other  son  was  progenitor  of  the  Clan  Do- 
nachie,  or  House  of  Gartenbeg.  In  this  Sir  John's  time,  his  mo- 
ther being  a  daughter  of  Maclean  of  Douart,  an  ardent  friendship 
commenced  betwixt  the  two  Families  of  Grant  and  Maclean,  which 
continued  for  several  successive  generations,  and  in  memorial  of 
which,  agreeably  to  the  romantic  ideas  of  the  times,  on  the  decease 
of  the  Chief  of  either,  the  sword  of  the  deceased  was  transmitted  ta- 
the  survivor  as  a  pledge  of  reciprocal  attachment.  Sir  John  was 
succeeded  bv  his  son  and  heir 


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FABT  M.  THE  FAMIIY  OP  CHANT.  27 

IX.  Sir  Duncan  Grant  who  in  a  charter  under  the  Great  Seal 
anno  144318  designated  "DominuB  de  eodem  et  de  Freuchie.  "  A 
precept  of  Sasine  by  the  Earl  of  Moray  for  infefting  Sir  Duncan  in 
some  lands  in  Moray,  begins  thus,  "Archibaldus  Conies  Moravite  et 
Magister  de  Douglas"  &c.  dated  at  Elgin  31st  AuoTist  1433. 
There  is  likewise  a  Retour  of  Sir  Duncan  Grant  Fruquhie  Knight 
as  heir  to  his  Guidesire  (Grandsire  or  Grandfather)  Gilbert  of  Glen- 
chimock,  dated  6th  February  1468.  And  a  precept  of  Sasine  on 
said  Retour  by  King  James  the  III.  in  favour  of  Sir  Duncan  Grant 
Knight,  as  heir  to  his  Guidesire  Gilbert  Cumming  of  Glenchemick 
on  the  lands  of  Congash,  dated  3rd  .March  and  9th  year  of  the 
King's  reign  (1469). 

Sir  Duncan  was  a  man  in  great  esteem  for  prudence  of  conduct, 
as  well  as  for  valour  and  courage.  His  knowledge  in  business  made 
him  much  employed  in  accommodating  diiferences  betwixt  neigh- 
bouring Gentlemen,  and  we  accordingly  find  him  one  of  the  arbiters 
in  settling  a  debate  in  1479  between  Duncan  Macintosh,  Captain  of 
the  Clan  Chattan,  and  Hutcheon,  or  Hugh  Rose,  Baron  of  Kilra- 
vock,  (Pen.  Kilravock).  He  married  Muriel,  daughter  of  Malcolm 
Laird  of  Macintosh,  by  whom  he  had  two  (twin)  sons,  John  his 
Heir,  and  Patrick ;  and  a  daughter  named  Catherine,  who  was  se- 
cond wife  of  Duncan  Laird  of  Macintosh.  Sir  Duncan  Grant's 
second  son  Patrick,  was  the  Progenitor  of  the  Family  of  Uajlindal- 
loch,  from  whom  are  descended  the  Grants  of  Tom\Tillin,  Tulloch, 
Dunlugas,  Ad  vie,  Dalvey,and  Rothmais,  &c.  Of  this  Family  Sir 
William  Grant,  Master  of  the  Rolls,  and  Representative  in  Parlia- 
ment for  the  county  of  BanfT,  is  a  Cadet  (1810). 

X.  John  the  eldest  son  of  Sir  Duncan  was  a  man  of  distinguish- 
ed honour  and  integrity.  He  had  two  sons.  John  the  eldest,  and 
William  the  progenitor  of  the  Grants  of  Blairfindy  in  Glenlivet 
By  a  precept  of  Sasine  from  George  Earl  of  Huntly  for  Infefting 
this  John  Grant  in  Farmeralown  in  the  County  of  Aberdeen,  and 


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S8  THE  FAMILY  OF  GRANT-  .  PART  II. 

Kinrara  in  the  County  of  Inverness,  dated  at  Bog  of  CHgbt  8th  Sep- 
tember 1478,  he  is  cidled  the  son  and  heir  of  Sir  Duncan  Grant  of 
Fruqubie.  Dying*  however  before  his  Father,  Sir  Duncan  was  suc- 
ceeded by  his  oldest  Grandson, 

XI.  John  Grant  of  that  Ilk  and  of  Fruquhie,  who  in  1484  mar- 
ried Margaret  Ogilvie  daughter  of  Sir  James  Ogilvie  of  Deskford 
Knight.  In  the  contract  of  marriage,  he  is  called  the  Oye  (Grand- 
son) and  apparent  beir  of  Sir  Duncan  Grant  of  Fruqubie,  Knight ; 
and  among  others  therein  named  as  witnesses,  is  the  foresaid  Wil- 
liam Grant  ancestor  of  the  Blairfindy  Grants. 

In  1493  a  Crown  charter  is  granted  in  favour  of  Uiis  John  Grant 
of  Fruqubie,  annexing  and  creating  for  him  and  his  heirs,  all  and 
hfuU  the  lands  of  Fruqubie,  the  two  Culquoichs,  Dellifour,  and  Ach- 
nagaln,  the  two  Congashes  and  Glenlochy  in  the  County  of  Inver- 
ness, five  parts  of  Linkwood,  five  parts  of  Barmuckity,  and  Giarbaty, 
half  the  lands  of  Inchberry,  with  the  hdf  of  Ordequish,  the  half  of 
Mulben,  and  the  lands  of  Sherifiistown,  in  the  County  of  Elgin,  into 
a  Barony,  to  be  called  the  Barony  of  Fruqubie,  with  foil  and  ample 
powers  civil  and  criminal,  dated  4th  January  1493.  And  another 
Crown  charter  is  granted  by  King  James  the  IV.  to  the  said  John 
Grant  on  Glenehemick  and  Ballindalloch  dated  4th  February  1498. 
He  was  succeeded  in  the  estate  by  bis  son  and  heir, 

XII.  John,  wbo  married  a  daughter  of  the  Earl  of  Rothes,  by 
whom  he  had  three  sons  and  three  daughters ;  first  James  who  suc- 
ceeded him  ;  second  John  the  progenitor  of  the  familes  of  Corrimo- 
hy  and  Shuglie  in  Urquhart,  from  the  last  mentioned  of  which,  Charles 
Grant  Esqr.  M.  P.  for  the  County  of  Inverness,  and  Chairman  of 
the  Court  of  Directors  of  the  East  India  Company,  is  lineally  des- 
cended ;  and  third  Patrick,  of  whom  are  sprung  the  Grants  of  Bon- 
bard  in  Perthshire.  The  daughters  were,  first  Isobel,  married  to 
Sir  Archibald  Campbell  of  Calder  ;  second  Catherine  to  John  Hal- 
liburton of  Pitcur,  and  after  bis  death  to  Hugh  Lord  Lovat ;  and 


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-   PABT  II.  THB   FAMILY  OP  GRANT  29. 

third  Agnes,  married  to  Donald,  son  and  apparent  heir  of  £  wen  Al- 
lanson.  Captain  of  the  Clan  Cameron  by  contract  dated  1520. 

In  1509  l^ng  James  the  IV.  grants  him  a  Fea  Charter  upon  the 
lands  and  Lordship  of  Urquhart,  and  at  the  same  time  another  Feu 
Charter  upon  the  lands  and  Barony  of  Corrimony  to  his  son  Jdin, 
now  represented  by  his  descendant  James  Grant  Esquire  of  Corri- 
nijony  Advocate. 

John  died  about  the  year  1527,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  eldest 
son 

XIII.  James,  commonly  called  Shemish  nan  creach,  a  term  ex- 
presfflve  of  the  bold  and  daring  character,  which  in  conformity  with 
the  g«iius  of  the  times,  led  him  to  resent  any  injury  or  insult  offered 
to  bis  Clan,  by  ravaging  the  territories  of  their  enemies. 

He  was  much  in  esteem  and  favour  with  his  sovereign,  as  his  pre- 
decessors had  always  been,  and  was  much  employed  by  the  King 
and  bis  government  in  quelling  insurrections  and  disturbances  in 
the  northern  Counties,  upon  several  important  occa«ons,  as  the 
writs  in  his  Family  Archives  bear.  James  was  married  to  Elizabeth, 
daughter  of  Lord  Forbes,  and  of  Catherine  Stewart,  daughter  of 
John  Earl  of  Athol,  by  whom  he  had  a  son,  John  who  succeeded 
himj  and  two  daughters,  Marion  married  to  John  Fraser  brother 
to  Hug^  Lord  Lovat,  and  Janet  married  the  26th  January  1552  to 
Alexander  Sutherland  of  Duffiis. 

In  1534  S-iDg  James  the  V.  writes  a  letter  to  this  Jftmes  Lfurd 
of  Grant,  "praying  and  charging  him,  with  his,  kin,  friends,  and  par- 
tdcers  to  pass  with  his  Lieutenant  General  upon  Hector  Macintosh 
eawand  himself  Captain  of  the  Clanchattan  and  others  his  accomp- 
lices and  partakers,  and  inward  them  to  slachter  hership  and  fire 
i&c.  taking  their  goods  to  himself  for  his  labour.  Given  under  the  sign 
Manuel  at  Stirling  the  13th  May,  and  of  his  reign  the  twenty  first 
year  (Signed)  James  R."  Addressed  thus, — **  To  our  well  beloved 
Jaroe9  the  Grant  <^  Fruchy." 


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30  TliS    FAMILY   OF   GRANT.  FART   II» 

And  on  the  B8tb  of  July  1535  at  Stirling,  the  same  Kin^  ^ants 
under  his  Seal  and  Sign  Manuel  to  his  loreit  and  aerntour  James 
G^ant  of  Fruchie,  and  all  and  sundry  his  kinsmen,  frioids,  bouse- 
holdraen,  tenants,  servants  and  inhabitants  of  bis  lands  of  Strath- 
spey, Mulben  and  Urquhart,  and  all  other  his  lands  within  the  realm, 
an  exemption  from  appearance  in  any  of  his  Kfajesty's  courts  of 
Lieutenancy,  Warrandry,  Admiral  courts,  Cbamberlun  courts.  She- 
liff  courts,  Baillie  courts.  Burrow  courts,  or  any  other  temporal 
courts  within  the  realm,  for  any  action  whatever,  or  at  the  instance 
of  any  person  whatever,  except  before  the  Lords  of  Council  and 
Session  only. 

In  1544,  James  grants  a  Commisfflon  of  Bailery  to  his  tms^  and 
well  beloved  Friend  Alexander  Cummingof  Altyre,  upon  the  Lands 
and  Barony  of  Kinloas,  for  fdl  the  days  of  bis  life.  He  died  in  1553 
and  was  succeeded  by  his  son, 

XIV.  John  Grant  of  Fruchy,  a  man  of  solid  judgement  and 
mild  and  gentle  manners.  He  was  a  strenuous  promoter  of  the  Re- 
formation, and  in  1560  was  a  Member  of  Parliament  when  Popery 
was  abolished  and  the  Protestant  Religion  established  ;  and  ever 
nnce  that  memorable  year,  the  Family  have  zealously  maintained 
that  religion  which  they  so  early  contributed  to  establish. 

John  was  twice  married.  First  in  1555  to  Margaret  Stewart 
daughter  of  John  Earl  of  Atbol  by  Mary  daughter  of  Colin  Earl  oi 
Argyle.  !tfy  this  Lady  be  bad  two  sons  and  two  daughters  :  the 
eldest  son  was  Duncan,  and  the  sec(»id  Patrick,  progenitor  of  the 
Family  of  Rothiemurchos.  To  this  Patrick  John  gave  a  feu  Char- 
ter on  the  lands  of  Over  Findlarg  or  Muckerach,  S6tb  Septembc«> 
1583,  but  redeemable,  and  on  his  afterwards  acquiring  the  lands  of 
Rothiemurchus,  he  gave  tiiem  to  Patrick  and  redeemed  Muckerach. 
His  eldest  ^ugfater  Catherine  was  married  to  Colin  M'Kenzie  laird 
ef  Kintail ;  and  bis  second  daughter  Mary  to  Abergeldy.  Aft«r  the 
death  of  bis  first  wife  Lady  Mai^raret  Stewart,  he  mairied  Isob^ 


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PART  11.  THE   FAMILY   OV   OftANT.  31 

Barclay  who  bfouglit  him  one  son,  Archibald,  the  progenitor  of 
the  Family  of  BalUntomb,  now  represented  by  Sir  Archibald  Grant 
d  Monymiisk. 

XV.  Duncan  his  eldest  son  married  Marg^aret  daughter  of  Wil- 
liam ;  Laird  of  Macinto^,  by  whom  he  had  four  sons.  John  who 
succeeded  his  grandfather  ;  Patrick  of  whtmi  the  Family  of  faster 
Elchies  is  descended  ;  Robert,  ancestor  of  the  Family  of  Lurg,  and 
James  of  Ardnellie.  Duncan  died  in  15S1,  before  his  father  who 
lived  till  1S85.  John  was  succeeded  by  his  gruidson  the  son  of 
Duncan 

XVI.  John  Grant  of  Fmchy.  The  Cbie&  of  the  Family  of 
Grant  for  sereral  generations  took  the  addition  of  Fruchy  ;  but  this 
Gentleman  was  peculiarlycalled,and  to  this  day  is  known  bythename 
of  John  of  Fruchy:  He  was  much  employed  in  Public  affairs, 
and  was  offered  a  Patent  of  Dignity  by  King  James  in  1610;  but 
he  declined  accepting  it.  He  was  a  man  of  prudence  and  oecono- 
my.  and  at  the  same  time  retained  the  honour  and  increased  the  for- 
tune of  the  £Eunily.  He  purchased  the  Lordship  of  Abemetiiy  from 
the  Ear!  of  Moray,  for  22,000  Merks,  and  the  Estate  of  Lethenfrom 
the  Falconers  (now  Halkerton)  who  bad  long  been  the  proprietors. 
Along  the  north  side  of  the  Spey,  his  Property  extended  as  far  as  Ro- 
thes, he  had  the  estates  of  Mulben,  Caimty.  Mulderies.  the  Kinmini- 
ties.  Couper-hill,  and  others  near  Keitii ;  the  Baronies  of  Cromdale 
and  FVnchy,  the  Lordships  of  Glenchemick  and  Urquhart,  besides 
many  others ;  and  in  short  was  accounted  the  most  opulent  and  ex< 
tensive  Land  Proprietor  in  the  North.  He  exchanged  with  the 
Earl  ct  Huntly,  the  Lands  then  belonging  to  the  Family  of  Grant, 
in  Glenlivet  and  Strathaven,  for  the  Lands  of  Gartenmore,  Tulloch. 
and  Rymore  in  Abemethy.  and  of  Corr,  Clury  and  Tullochgonim 
in  the  Parish  of  Inverallan.  which  were  a  part  of  the  «xteen  Da- 
Tochs  of  tiie  Lordship  of  Badenoch,  and  to  which  the  Lake  and 
Caatie  of  Lochindorfo  are  a  Pertinent.     In  the  Deed  of  ExcambioD. 


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33  THE  FAMILY  OF  GRANT.  PART  U. 

Huntly  reserved  a  servitude  upon  that  put  of  the  woods  of  AbM-- 
nethy  which  lie  westward  of  Star  na  Manach,  (the  Monk's  Bridge) 
at  the  foot  of  the  hill  of  Eymore ;  for  repairing  the  House  of  Gor- 
don Castle  and  Blairfindy,  which  servitude  was  abolished  by  a  De- 
cree Arbitral  settlings  the  marches  betwixt  Uie  Families  of  Gordon 
and  Grant,  recorded  in  the  Books  of  Sesaon  21st  December,  1771. 
To  his  Brother  Patrick,  he  gave  Easter  Elchies,  to  his  j^other 
James,  the  Ancestor  of  the  Moynes  Family,  he  gave  Ardnellie  in 
Rothes,,  and  to  Robert  he  wadsetted  the  Davoch  of  Lurg  and  Cla- 
chaig ;  being  burdened  with  the  portion  of  his  Aunt,  the  Lady 
Kintail,  he  paid  it  by  adjudging  the  Lands  of  Macdonald  of  Glen- 
gary,  who  had  joined  Ewan  Macallin  of  Lochiel  in  plundering  and 
burning  the  Lands  of  Urquhart,  which  adjudication  he  assigned  to 
pintail.  He  married  Lillias  Murray,  daughter  of  John  Earl  of  A- 
thol.  by  Catherine,  daughter  of  Lord  Drummond.  King  James  the 
VI.  and  his  Queen  honoured  the  marriage  with  their  presence. — 
This  Lady  brought  him  one  son,  John,  his  heir,  and  four  daughters, 
viz.  Janet,  married  to  Sutherland  of  Duffiis,  Mary,  to  Sir  Lachlan 
Macintosh  of  that  Ilk ;  Lillias  to  Inries  of  Balvenie ;  and  Cathe- 
rine to  Ogilvie  of  Kempcaim.  He  had  also  a  natural  son  named 
Duncan,  Progenitor  of  the  Family  of  Clury.  He  died  in  1623, 
leaving  an  opulent  and  free  Estate  to  his  son, 

XVII.  Sir  John  Grant  of  Fruchy,  who  entered  into  possession  of 
his  fortune  with  every  advantage,  but  by  the  profuse  and  expensive 
style  in  which  he  lived,  his  frequent  attendance  at  Court,  and  resid- 
ing chiefly  at  Edinburgh,  he  considerably  impaired  it,  and  sold  the 
Estate  of  Lethen,  one  of  his  Father's  acquisitions  to  Alexander 
Brodie.  He  married  Mary  Ogilvie,  daughter  of  W^ter  Lord  Ogil- 
vie, and  of  Marion,  daughter  of  William  Earl  of  Morton,  who 
brought  him  a  family  of  eight  sons,  and  three  dau^ters,  viz.  (1) 
James,  his  successor,  (2)  John,  who  entering  the  army  was  soon  ad- 
vanced to  the  rank  of  Colonel,  and  died  a  Bachelor     (3)  Patrick, 


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P>BT  HI  THR  FAMILY  OF  QftAICT.  .3* 

afterwards- Tutot  to  bis  nephew  Ludqvick  Laird  of  Gra&t,.  Hje  waa 
likewise  a  Colonel  ia  the  time  of  Uie  civil  wara.  He  married  a 
daughter  of  Sutherland  Earl  of  Duffos,  by  whom  be  had  three 
daughters^ ;   Mary,  married  to  PaU-ick  Grant  of  Rothiemurchua. 

; ;  married  to  Fraser  of  Belladnim  ;  and  Anne,  married  to 

WiUiam  Grant  of  Dellay.  (4)  Alexander,  married  to  Isobel  Nurn* 
(laug;bter  to  Nairn  of  Moreng^,  by  whom  he  had  two  daug^hters.  (5) 
Georg:e,  a  Major  in  the  Army,  and  apptnnted  by  King  Charles  the 
IL  Governor  of  Dunbarton  Castle.  He  died  a  Bachelor.  (6) 
Robert  married  a  daughter  of  I>unbar  <rf  Bennagefield,  and  by  her 
had  a  son,  the  father  of  Robert  Oge  of  Milton  of  Muckerach.  (7) 
Mongo,  of  whom  are  descended  the  Grants  of  Tomdow,  Knock- 
ando,  Kinchirdy,  and  Tullocbgriban.  (8)  Thomas  of  Bellima- 
eaan  in  Urquhart  who  married  Mary  daughter  of  Colin  Camp- 
bell oi  Clunies,  son  of  Sir  John  Campbell  of  Calder,  by  whom  he 
had  Ludovick  of  Achnastank,  the  &ther  of  Captain  Thomas  Grant; 
Patrick  Grant  of  Culvullin,  the  father  of  George  Grant  of  BeIU<- 
furth ;  and  a  daughter  married  to  Mungo  Grant  of  Mullochard. — 
Sir  John's  daughters  were,  (1)  Mary,  married  in  1644  to  Ix)rd 
Lewis  Ciordon,  who  after  the  death  of  his  father  and  his  elder  bro- 
ther George  I^rd  Gordtm  who  was  killed  at  tbe  battle  of  Alford  in 
1645,  became  Marquis  of  Huntly,  and  was  father  by  this  Lady  of 
George  the  first  Duke  of  Gordon,  Lewis  dying  in  1653,  she  married 
the  Earl  of  Airly  and  lived  to  a  great  age,  having  died  about  the 
year  171?.  (3)  Anne,  married  in  1640  to  Kenneth  Mackenzie  of 
Gairloch.  (3)  Lillias,  married  to  Sir  John  Byres  of  Cotts.  Sir 
John  died  at  Edinburgh  in  1637,  and  was  interred  beside  his  father 
John  of  Fruchy,  in  the  Abbey  Church  of  Holyrood  House.  He 
was  succeeded  by  his  eldest  son, 

XVni.  James,  who  became  Bepresentative  of  the' Family  in 
times  of  the  greatest  confusion  and  convulsions,  both  in  church  and 
state.     In  the  fummw  after  his  fitth^'e  death,  when  the  troul^es 


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S4  THE  FAMILY  OF  GRANT.  PART  IX. 

beg^  on  account  of  imposing;  a  public  Liturgy  and  Canons  on  the 
Church,  it  was  not  to  be  expected  Grant  would  be  (as  indeed  few 
were)  allowed  to  stand  neutral,  accordingly  he  openly  joined  the 
covenanters  in  the  year  1638  and  1639,  and  afterwards  subscribed 
the  solemn  XiCague  and  Covenant  in  1643.  He  was  at  the  same  time 
a  steady  Royalist  and  much  respected  by  his  Sovereign.  In  1640,  he 
married  Mary  Stewart,  daughter  of  James  Earl  of  Moray,  by  Ann» 
daughter  of  the  Marquis  of  Huntly.  Of  this  marriage,  there  were 
two  sons  and  three  daughters  that  arrived  at  the  years  of  maturity. 
The  eldest  son  Ludovick  succeeded  him  in  the  Estate.  Thesecondson 
Patrick  founded  the  family  of  Eaister  Elchies.  Of  the  daughters, Mary 
wasmarried  to  Ogilvieof  Boyne,Margaret  to  Sir  Alexander  Hamilton 
of  Hr.^gs,  and  Anne  to  Roderick  Mackenzie  of  Redcaatle.  Had  the 
Laird  of  Grant  lived  in  better  times,  he  would  have  made  a  brighter 
figure,  as  a  man  of  solid  judgement,  a  firm  friend,  a  true  Patriot, 
anil  a  good  ceconomist;  but  having  found  the  Estate  greatly  burden- 
ed by  his  Fathers  profusion,  he  could  not  possibly  avoid  adding  to 
its  incumbrances,  owing  to  the  troublesome  times  in  which  he  hap- 
pened to  live. — He  lived  to  see  the  restoration  of  King  Charles  the 
II.  and  was  a  Member  of  the  Parliament  that  met  in  January  1661. 
In  the  year  1663,he  went  to  Edinburgh  to  see  justice  done  to  his  Kins- 
man, Allan  Grant  of  TuUoch,  in  a  criminal  prosecution  for  man- 
slaughter ;  and  although  he  was  successful  in  preserving  the  life  of 
his  friend,  he  could  not  prolong  his  own.  He  died  there  that  year, 
and  ^as  buried  in  tBe  Abbey  Church  at  Holyrood  House.  In  Uie 
tome  year,  "  as  the  reward  of  virtue,  and  in  consideration  of  the 
"  many  good,  eminent,  and  faithful  services  done  and  performed  to 
^  his  Majesty,  and  his  Royal  Progenitors,  by  his  Majesty's  Lovit 
**  James  Grant  of  Fruchie,  and  his  predecessors,  and  especially  that 
**  he  and  his  friends  and  followers  had  followed  the  Royal  Standard 
^  under  the  conduct  of  the  Marquis  of  Montrose,  and  had  on  all  oo- 
"'  casions  shown  Uieir  attachment  and  steady  adherence  to  Royalty," 


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PAST  II.  THE   FAMILY  OP  GRANT.  35 

a  Patent  was  made  out "  making,  constituting  and  creating'  bim  the 
"  Sfud  James  Grant  of  Frucby,  and  the  heirs  male  gotten  or  to  be 
**  gotten  of  his  own  body,  which  failing  his  nearest  and  lawful  heirs 
"  male  whomsoever,  Earls  of  Strathspey,  Lord  Grant  of  Fruchy  and 
**  Urquhart  <fec."  Falling  sick,  however,  about  the  time  it  was  made 
out,  and  dying  soon  after,  it  did  not  pass  the  seals ;  but  the  Patent 
itself  lies  in  the  Family  Archives. 

XIX.  Ludovick  his  eldest  son  and  successor,  being  a  minor  at 
the  time  of  his  Father's  death,  came  under  the  inspection  of  his  Un- 
cle Colonel  Patrick  Grant  as  tutor.  This  Gentleman  was  faithful 
to  his  trust,  botii  in  the  management  of  his  estate,  and  in  giving  his 
pupil  the  benefit  of  a  liberal  education.  Ludovick  married  Janet, 
the  daughter  and  only  child  of  Alexander  Brodie  of  Lethen,  a  choice 
which  proved  every  way  happy  to  himself,  and  advantageous  to  his 
&mily.  By  this  I^dy  he  got  a  handsome  fortune,  which  extin- 
guished considerable  incumbrances  upon  the  estate.  During  the 
Reigns  of  the  Royal  Brothers,  Grant,  who  was  much  averse  to  their 
arbitrary  and  persecuting  measures,  could  obtain  no  favours  at  court; 
and  because  bis  Lady  supported  the  distressed  Presbyterians,  and 
kept  a  chaplain  of  that  persuasion,  when  she  could  with  safety,  he 
was  fined  in  1685,  in  £42,500  Scots.  But  the  less  he  was  in  favour 
during  these  despotic  Reigns,  the  more  he  was  regarded  at  the  re- 
volution. When  the  Prince  of  Orange  called  a  convention  of  the 
Estates  in  Scotland,  to  meet  on  the  14th  of  March  1689,  Grant  was 
a  member  of  it  and  one  of  the  committee,  nominated  for  settling  the 
government.  His  attachment  to  the  I^berUes  of  his  country,  and 
to  those  principles  on  which  the  Revolution  was  founded,  appeared 
in  his  levying  a  Regiment  for  the  service  of  Govemmeht.  King 
James  having  landed  in  Ireland,  and  King  William  meeting  with 
much  opposition  in  England,  a  force  could  not  be  spread  sufiiclent  to 
reduce  the  malecontents  in  Scotland,  and  keep  the  country  in  peace, 
aereral  patriotic  individuals  therefore,  offered  in  the  Convention  ts 


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36  THE   FAMILY  OF   ORAHT.  MSt   IF. 

raise  some  corps  for  the  public  service.  The  £arl  of  Axi^us  raised 
fi  Re^ment  of  1300 ;  Argyle,  Man*,  Glencaim,  Strathnaver,  Blan- 
tyre,  aod  Bargeny,  raised  each  a  Re^ment  of  600;  The  Laitd  of 
Grant  liliewise  raised  a  Regiment  of  600,  and  was  the  only  Com>>* 
moner  who  did  so,  and  he  maintained  and  paid  them  at  his  own  ex- 
pence.  He  was  a  Member  of  Parliament  in  1690,  and  one  of  the 
Committee  appointed  by  that  Parliament  to  visit  the  Universities, 
Colleges,  and  Schools,  and  to  purge  them  of  all  insufficient,  immo- 
ral, and  disloyal  Teachers.  He  was  likewise  one  of  the  Lords  Com- 
mist'Oners  fcH*  the  plantation  of  Kirks,  and  valuation  of  Teinds,  (acts 
Parlt.  1690,)  and  so'  zealous  was  he  to  have  legal  Ministers  planted 
in  his  own  estates,  that  he  removed  John  Stewart  at  Cromdale, 
Suene  Grant,  at  Duthil,  and  James  Grant  at  Abemethy,  and  shut 
up  their  churches  in  1690  or  1691,  till  ministers  properly  qualified 
for  discharging  the  sacred  functions  were  found. 

His  zealous  attachment  to  and  appearance  for  the  Revolati«n, 
his  levying  a  regiment  of  600  men  and  keeping  them  folly  a  year 
in  pay  on  his  own  charge,  his  long  and  close  attendance  in  ParHa* 
ment,  and  the  loss  sustained  by  his  tenantry  who  having  their  sub- 
stance carried  off  by  the  rebels,  were  unable  to  pay  their  rents,  aU 
tended  again  to  bring  a  burden  of  additional  debt  upon  his  Kstate. 
King  William  being  always  engaged  in  war  abroad,  and  embarrasfr- 
ed  in  his  measures  by  parties  at  home,  was  seldom  in  a  condition 
to  do  justice,  far  less  to  confer  favours  on  his  friends,  so  that  Grant's 
losses  remained  unrepaid  and  unrecompensed.  One  advantage 
only  he  obtained  for  his  Country, — the  erection  of  all  his  lands  into 
a  free  Regality,  with  all  the  powers  and  privileges  of  that  Jurisdic- 
tion, which  continued  in  the  Family  until  all  heritable  Jurisdictions 
were  abolished  and  annexed  to  the  Crown  in  1748,  when  £900  was 
paid  a^  a  compensation  for  their  Regality,  to  his  grandson  Sir  Lud- 
ovick  Grant. — A  small  sum  indeed  in  comparison  vrith  what  was 
allowed  to  others  in  similar  cases,  and  considering  that  the  Family 


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PAST   II.  THB    PAHII.Y   OF  GRANT.  87 

had  a  prior  Jurisdiction  unrecalled  of  a  long^  standing:;  Imt  ttiis  cir^ 
corastance  was  unattended  to  by  Sir  Ludovick's  ag;ent  at  Edinburgh. 

He  was  twice  married  ;  first  as  already  mentioned  to  Janet  ttro- 
die  by  whom  he  had  four  sons  and  four  daughters,  who  survived 
their  parents.  The  two  elder,  Alexuider  and  James,  came  snccea- 
uvely  to  the  Estate,  and  represented  the  Family.  The  third  son 
Gteorge  entered  the  Army  ;  soon  attained  the  rank  of  Major  ;  and 
was  appointed  Governor  of  Fort-George.  Retiring  afterwards  be 
purchased  the  Estate  of  Culbin  and  Moy,  and  dying  a  Bachelor  he 
left  it  to  his  nephew  Sir  Ludovick  Grant  of  Grant.  The  fourth  son 
Lewie,  a  Colonel  in  the  Army,  was  one  of  those  brave  men  sent  to 
the  West  Indies  in  1740,  under  the  command  of  lieutenant  General 
Cathcart,  where,  next  year  he  unfortunately  died  of  the  disease  <tf 
Uie  climate.  The.  Estate  of  Dunphail  which  he  purchased  before 
he  set  ont  on  that  expedition,  he  also  left  to  his  nephew  Sir  lAido- 
viek  Grant 

Elizabeth  the  eldest  daughter  was  marr'ed  to  Hugh  Rose  Baron 
(^  Kilravock.  Ann  the  second  to  Colonel  William  Grant  of  Bal- 
lindalloch.  Janet  the  third  daughter  to  Sir  Roderick  Mackenzie  of 
Scatwell ;  and  Margaret  the  fourth  was  married  in  1717  to  Simon 
Lord  Lovat.  Their  mother  died  in  1697.  and  some  years  after  her 
death,  Ludovick  married  Jean  Houston  dau^ter  of  Sir  John  Hous- 
ton, by  whom  he  had  no  children.  Dying  himself  in  1718,  he  was 
interred  in  the  Abbey  Church  of  Holyroodhouse,  and  was  succeed- 
ed by  his  eldest  son 

XX.  Alexander  Grant  of  Grant,  who  had  the  command  of  a  Re- 
^ment  of  Foot,  was  Governor  of  Sheeroess,  and  rose  to  the  rank 
of  a  Brigadier  General.  During  the  course  of  the  war  in  Queen 
Anne's  reign  he  served  with  the  greatest  applause.  He  was  tiiein-- 
separable  companion  of  that  great  General  and  patriot  John  Duke 
of  Argyle,  and  shared  the  same  fate  with  him  both  in  the  danger* 
of  the  field  and  in  the  smiles  and  frowns  of  the  Court     He  was  one 


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S8  THE    FAMILY   OF   ORAI^.  PAAt    If. 

of  the  ComlssionerB  for  settling  the  artides  of  Hke  CnioD  of  ttie  twb 
Kingdoms,  and  a  member  of  the  first  five  British  Parliamente.  In 
1704  he  was  appointed  Lord  Lieatenunt  and  High  Sheriff  oTtiie 
County  of  Inverness  ;  and  in  1715  by  a  new  CommisaioD,  he  was 
appointed  Lord  Lieutenant  and  High  SheriffoflnTerness  and  Banff. 
it  may  with  justice  be  stud  that  he  was  ond  of  ^le  first  rate  iqen  <^ 
his  day  in  the  nation.  He  was  equally  qudified  for  die  Oatnp  and 
the  Court,  and  alike  uncormpted  and  &ithfiil  in  both.  He  nuuried, 
first,  Elieabeth  Stewart,  eldest  daughter  of  James  Lord  Down,  sob 
and  apparent  heir  of  Alexander  6th  Earl  of  Moray  ;  second,  Anne, 
daughter  of  the  Right  Honourable  John  Smith  Speaket-  of  t\se 
House  of  Commons,  and  one  of  the  maids  of  bimonr  to  Queen  Anne, 
but  had  no  surviving  children  by  either.  He  died  at  JBdinburgfa  in 
1719,  and  was  interred  in  the  Abbey  Chnr<^  of  Holyrood  faottse. 
He  was  succeeded  by  his  next  brother, 

XXI.  James,  the  seccmd  son  of  Ludovick  Laird  of  Grant.  He 
having,  by  the  indulgent  care  of  his  grandfather  Alexander  Bredie 
of  Lethen,  been  provided  with  an  independent  fortnne  upon  his  eom^ 
ing  of  age,  his  inclination  led  him  to  a  country  life ;  and  in  1709  he 
married  Ann  Colqnhoun  daughter  and  heiress  of  Sir  Humphry 
-Colquhoun  of  Luss,  the  Chief  of  an  honoorable  Family  of  conside- 
rable antiquity  in  the  county  of  Lennox.  In  the  marriage  arti^s 
it  was  provided  that  this  James  Grant  oi  Pluscarden  (the  Estate  of 
Pluscarden  having  been  delivered  to  him  when  purchased)  should, 
as  is  usual  in  such  cases,  assume  the  simame  ot  Colquhoun,  and  if 
lie  should  happen  to  succeed  to  the  Estate  of  Grant,  that  his  eldest 
SOB  should  bear  tiie  name  of  Grant,  and  his  second  son  the  name  of 
.Colf^houn.  Sir  Humphry  Colquhoun  resigned  his  Patent  of  Ba~ 
rtmet  and  obbuned  a  new  one  in  his  own  favour,  whom  failing  to 
ihe  said  James  his  son  in  law,  whom  filing  to  the  heirs  male  of  the 
body  of  the  awd  Ann  Colquhoun  his  daughter,  whom  failing  to  the 
hein  male,  whomsoever  of  the  said  Humphry  himself,  upon  whose 


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PART   II.  TRG   FAMILY  OP  OBAJNT  39 

death  James  Onrnt  of  Plnscuiden,  his  son  in  Uw,  entered  upwi  the 
Ae  possession  and  assumed  the  TitJe  of  Luss,  together  with  the  sir-' 
name  and  Anns  of  that  Family^  and  in  virtue  of  the  new  Patent  was 
caUed  Sir  James  Colqnhonn.  His  elder  Brother,  Brigadi^  MeX- 
ander  Grant  dying,  Sir  Junes  succeeded  him.  and  resumed  his 
paternal  fflmaaoe  of  Grant  He  retained  the  Baronetage,  it  being 
veefted  in  his  person,  and  the  estate  of  Luss  went  to  his  second  sor- 
viving  son,  according  to  the  settlement  in  the  Entail.  He  was  se- 
veral times  a  member  of  Parliament,  and  was  justly  esteemed,  re- 
jected, and  honoured  by  all  ranks.  His  temper  was  remarkably^ 
mild  and  equal,  and  bis  social  conduct  Aill  of  goodness  and  bene- 
volence. He  was  an  encourager  of  Religion  and  Learning.  To 
lus  clan  he  was  indulgent,  if  not  to  a  &nlt,  and  to  his  tennants  al-- 
ways  jast  and  kind. 

By  his  Lady,  Anne  Colquhoun,  he  had  five  sons  and  five  daugh- 
ters, (1)  Humphry,  who  at  the  age  of  30  died  a  Bachelor  in  his 
Other's  lifetime.  (2)  Lndovick,  afterwards  Sir  Lndovick  .(3)  James, 
a  Major  in  the  Army,  who  upon  his  brother  Ludovick  beconung 
heir  c^  the  Estate  of  Grant,  retired  from  the  army,  succeeded  him 
in  the  estate  of  Luss,  and  married  Helen,  »8ter  to  the  Earl  of  Su- 
therland. (4)  Francis,  a  General  tn  the  Army,  married  Miss  Cox, 
and  left  a  numerous  family.  (5)  Charles,  an  officer  in  ^e  Navy, 
was  Captain  of  a  74  Gun  Ship,  and  was  at  the  taking  of  Manilla. — 
Of  the  daughters,  Jean,  the  eldest,  was  married  in  1 732  to  WilHam 
Lord  Braco,  was  mother  of  the  late  James  Earl  of  Fife,  also  of  his 
Brother  Alexander  who  snceeeded  him,  and  Grandmother  of  the 
present  Earl  of  Fife.  Anne,  the  second,  married  in  1737  Sir 
Harry  Innes  of  Innes,  and  was  Mother  of  the  late,  and  Grand- 
mother of  the  present  Duke  of  Roxburgh.  Sophia,  the  third,  died 
onmarried.  Pennel,  the  fourth,  married  in  1739  Captmn  Alexan- 
der Cirant  of  BalUndalloch,  the  elder  brother  of  the  late  General 
Jaaies  Grant. — And  Clementina,  the  fifth,  was  married  to  Sir  Wil- 


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40  THE  FAMILY  OF  GBANT.  PART  II. 

liam  Dunbar,  of  Dum,  Bart.     Sir  James  died  at  London  io  January 
1747>  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son, 

XXII.  Sir  Ludovick  Grant  of  Grant,  Bart  who  after  a  course  of 
liberal  education,  to  qualify  him  for  thv  Bar,  was  admitted  Advocate 
in  1738 :  On  the  death  however,  (^  his  elder  brother,  Humphry, 
he  became  heir  apparent  of  the  Family,  and  his  Father  devolving^ 
upon  him,  the  whole  care  and  burden  of  the  Estate,  he  laid  down 
the  practice  of  the  law,  and  represented  his  Father  as  chief  of  the 
Clan.  During  the  rebellion  in  1745,  and  1746,  he,  as  all  his;  an- 
cestors had  invariably  done,  stood  firmly  attached  to  the  Protestant 
Succession,  and  the  Revolution  interest;  and  accordingply  raraed  a- 
number  of  bis  Clan  and  Vassals,  in  defence  of  his  King;  and  the 
established  Constitution.  He  was  Representative  in  Parliament  for 
the  county  of  Moray,  from  the  year  1741  till  the  year  1761,  wh^a 
his  son  Sir  James  was  elected  in  his  stead.  Sir  Ludovick  was  an 
affectionate  husbaud,  and  kind  father ;  a  steady, friend;  benevolent 
and  warm  hearted ;  of  great  hospitality  ;  and  an  ejtcellent  Chief  of. 
a  Clan  ;  respected  for  his  talents,  and  beloved  for  his  nrtues  both 
public  and  private.  He  married  (I)  Miss  Dalrymple  daughter  of 
Sir  Robert  Dalrymple  of  Korth  Berwick,  by  whom  he  had  a  daugh- 
ter who  died  unmarried  aged  about  nineteeu.  He  married  secondly 
Lady  Margaret  Ogilvie  eldest  daughter  of  James  £arl  of  Findlater 
and  Seafield,  by  Elizabeth,  Daughter  of  Thomas  Earl  of  Kinnoul, 
By  this  Lady  (who  died  in  January  1757,  universally,  justly,  and 
deeply  regretted)  he  had  one  son,  James  (born  in  May  1738)  who 
■  succeeded  him  ;  and  eleven  daughters,  of  whom  six  survrved  then* 
father ;  viz.  (1)  Mariana  (3)  Ann  Hope,  married  to  Robert  Darly 
Waddifove,  D.  D.  Dean  of  Rippon,  (3)  Penuel,  married  to  Henry 
Mackenzie  Esqr.  of  the  Exchequer,  author  of  the  "  Man  ofFeeling" 
&c.  &c.  (4)  Mary.  (5)  Helen,  married  to  Sir  Alexander  Pen^o8e^ 
Cumming  Gordon  of  Altyre  and  Gordonstown,  Baronet.  And  (6) 
Elizabeth. 


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PAST  U.  Tm   VAMILT  OF   Q^AHf-  41 

Sir  LadoTick  died  at  CasUe  Grant  the  18tb  March  1773.  and  wm 
ixtterTsd  at  Dathil,  the  Family  burying  place.  He  was  succeeded 
by  his  son, 

XXIII.  Sir  James  Grant  of  Grant,  Baronet,  who  married,  in 
January  1763,  Jane  Duff,  only  child  of  Alexander  Buff  of  H^tton 
£scpr.  1^  Lady  Anne  Duff,  eldest  daughter  of  William,  first  Earl  of 
Fife.  By  this  Lady  he  has  had  seven  sons  and  six  daughters,  the 
snrrivcMra  of  whom  are  two  sons  and  three  daughtei^,  viz.  (1)  Lewis 
Alexander.  (2)  Francis  William.  The  daughters  are,  (I)  Anne 
Margaret  (2)  Margaret  married  to  the  late  Major  General  Francis 
Stewart  of  Lesmurdie  and  Newmill,  and  has  surviving  issue,  four 
Sons  and  one  Daughter.  (3)  Penuel. 

'  Lady  Grant  died  on  the  15th  February  1805  to  the  unspeakable 
grief  of  her  husband  and  Family,  and  indeed  not  of  them  only,  for 
her  character  was  too  amiable  not  to  acquire  for  her  general 
esteem  while  alive,  and  general  regret  uid  lamentation,  when  dead. 
In  every  condition  of  life  she  was  a  pattern  to  her  sex.  She  was 
modest  wittiout  affectation ;  she  knew  bow  to  stoop  without  sinking, 
and  to  gun  people's  affections  without  loosing  their  regard.  Her 
piety  was  exemplary,  and  her  charity  universal.  In  a  word,  she  was 
truly  wise,  truly  honour^le,  and  truly  good. 

Sir  James  himself  possessed  in  an  eminent  degree  all  the  qua- 
Uties  which  win  upon  the  human  heart,  which  command  respect  or 
secure  attachment.  He  was  affable  and  courteous  in  his  deport- 
ment; distinguished  for  his  charity,  hospitality  and  beneficence  ; 
of  a  generosity  that  anticipated  the  wishes  of  his  friends  and  ex- 
ceeded the  expectations  of  strangers ;  and  of  exemplary  attention 
to  all  the  offices  of  religion.  He  was  dignified  without  pride ;  affable 
without  meanness ;  and  courteous  without  deceit.  At  different  pe- 
riods he  represented  the  counties  of  Moray  and  Banff  in  Parlia- 
roent.     In  1703  he  levied  the  first  Regiment  of  Fencible   In- 


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43  THE    FAHILV   OF   GRANT.  PART  li: 

lantry  * ;  and  in  the  year  following  the  97th  Regiment  of  the  Line,  f 
He  was  §^eneral  Cashier  of  Excise  for  ScotJand:  And  Lord  lieutenant 
of  the  county  of  Inverness  from  the  year  1794,  the  time  when  thai  of- 
fice was  revived  in  Scotland,  till  1809,  when  the  infirm  state  of  his 
health  obliged  him  to  resign  it  to  his  Sover^gn  who  appointed  his 
son  to  succeed  him.  This  Dlustrious  Chief  died  at  Castle  Gnmt, 
on  the  18th  of  February  1811,  in  the  seventy  third  year  of  his  age. 
His  remains  were  interred  at  Duthil,  amidst  the  lamentations  of  his 
people,  by  whom  he  was  extremely  beloved  and  revered  on  ac- 
count of  his  piety,  and  benevolence.  He  was  succeeded  by  his  son, 
XXIV.  Sir  Lewis  Alexander,  the  present  Chief  of  the  Grant 
Clans.  James,  7th  Earl  of  Findlater,  and  4th  Earl  of  Seafield,  died  at 
Dresden,  in  Saxony,  Oct.  5tb  1811,  without  issue,  wh«i  his  exten- 
sive Estates  devolved  on  Sir  Lewis  Alexander  Grant,  of  Grant  Bart, 
with  the  titles  of  Earl  of  Seafield,  Viscount  Bedhaven,  and  Ba- 


"  *  I  bare  had  frequent  occaakm  to  mentkm  the  &mllf  oT  Gnmt,  and  puticutorlf  Ifae  late  excellent 
''  chief,  Sir  James  Gnni,  to  whom  may  justly  be  applied  the  character  ghea  an  unforttuiate  monarch  by' 
"a  celebrated  Judge  and  historian:  **  He  was  die  worthiest  gentlemaa,  the  best  matter,  the  best  friend, 
"  the  best  bnsbmd,  the  best  father,  and  the  best  Christian,"  of  the  district  to  which  he  was  an  honour 
"and  a  blessing. 

"  This  good  man,  and  patriarchal  chief,  lived  principally  at  Castle  Giut,  reapectad  and  beloved  by  all 
"  around  him.  Few  men,  therefore,  could,  with  more  confidence  of  success,  step  fonratd  with  an  offer  to 
**bU  Kingofaregiment  of  loyal  men  to  support  the  Crown,  the  Constitution, and  the  Independence  oFthe 
"  country.  The  ofl^  was  early  made  and  accepted,  and  two  months  after  the  declaration  of  war,  the 
"  Grant  FtDciblet  were  assembled  at  Forres  in  the  end  of  April  1793,  being  so  complete  in  numbers,  that 
*■  terenty  men  were  disdiarged  as  supernumeraries  in  IMay ;  but  it  was  not  till  the  5th  of  June  that  the 
**  regiment  was  finally  inspected  and  embodied  by  Lieutenant-Genenl  Leslie. "  Gen.  fltewart's  Sketcbe*. 

"  t  The  Regiment  was  inspected  and  embodied  at  Elgin  by  Major-General  Sir  Hector  Munro,  and 
"  numbered  the  97th:  and  thus  a  private  gentleman  added  1,300  soldiers  b  the  force  of  the  country,  be- 
**  sides  those  raised  by  the  officers  In  the  southern  districts.  From  this,  and  severvl  other  inttavcesat 
"  this  period,  we  may,  without  going  back  to  die  days  of  chiefs  and  clansmco,  estimate  fbe  great  impor- 
**  tance  of  family,  terrilorial,  and  personal  influence.  When  exercised  by  snchmea  as  the  late  Sir  James 
*■  Grant,  honourable,  humane,  and  hospitable  in  his  private  character,  and  a  kind,  generous  landlord  to  a 
**  numerous  and  grateftil  tenantry.  Great  Britain  may  calculate  on  commanding  the  wilting  services  of 
"  tJie  youth  of  the  mountains. "    Gen.  Stewart's  SIcetches. 

At  the  time  of  the  threatened  hivasien.  Sir  James  Grant  provided  Arms  and  the  necessary  accoutre- 
ments of  war,  for  700  men  of  his  Clan  and  tenantry,  entirely  at  hisown  expence. 


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PART    II.  THE    FAMILY   OF    GRANT.  43 

rou  Og^vie  of  Deskford  and  CuUen.  In  the  year  1822,  His  Ma- 
jes^  King:  Cieorge  the  fourth,  waa  graciously  pleased  to  advance 
his  Lordship's  Brother  and  Sisters  to  the  same  rank  and  dignity 
Ihey  wonid  have  attained,  had  their  Father,  the  late  Sir  James, 
lived  to  be  Earl  of  Seafield.  As  the  Earl  is  unmarried^  his  Brother, 
Colonel,  the  Honourable  Francis  William  Grant,  of  Grant,  Repre- 
sentative in  Parliament  for  the  coanty  of  Moray,  Lord  lieutenant 
of  Uie  county  of  Inverness,  and  Colonel  of  the  10th  or  Invemera 
shire  Regiment  of  Militia,  is  presumptive  heir,  who  married,  in 
1811,  Mary  Anne,  only  daughter  of  J.  C.  Dunn,  Esquire,  and  has 
issue.  (1)  Jean.  (2)  Francis  WilUun.  (3)  John  Charles.  (4)  James. 
(5)   Lewis  Alexander.  And  (6)  George  Henry. 

The  Armorial  Bearings  of  Grant  are  Quarterly  quartered.  First 
and  Fourth  Grand,  quarters  quarterly,  first  and  Fourth,  Argent,  a 
Uon  passant  goardant  Gvieg,  crowned  with  an  Imperial  Crown 
Or;  second  and  third  Argent,  a  Cross  engrailed  Sable,  for  Ogilvie; 
Second  and  third  grand  quarters  Chiles,  Three  Antique  Crowns 
Or,  for  Grant.  Above  the  Shield  is  placed  an  Earl's  Coronet,  over 
which  is  an  Helmet  befitting  his  Lordship's  degree,  mantling 
Gules,  doubled  Ermine,  next  to  which,  above  the  achievement  ue 
two  Crests,  that  on  the  dexter  side  being  on  a  torse.  Argent,  and 
Chiles,  a  Lion  rampant  guar,  of  the  second,  holding  in  his  paws  a 
Plummet,  Or,  and  having  above  it  on  an  Escrol  Tout  Jour;  and 
that  on  the  sinister  side  being  upon  a  torse,  Gules,  and  Or,  a  Burn- 
ing Hill,  Proper,  having  upon  an  Escrol  above  it  Craig-elachie. 
The  Shield  is  encircled  with  an  Orange  Tanmey  Ribbon,  pendant, 
wherefrom  is  the  Badge  of  a  Baronet  of  Nova  Scotia ;  and  on  a 
compartment  below  the  Shield,  whereon  is  the  Motto  Stand  Fast ; 
are  placed  for  supporters,  on  the  Dexter  side  a  Lion  Rampant, 
guardant  Or,  armed  Gules,  and  on  the  Sinister,  a  Savf^  or  Nak-  ■ 
edMan,  bearing  upon  his  left  shoulder  a  Club,  Proper,  and  wreath- 
ed about  the  head  and  middle  with  Laurel  Vert. 


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44  •BOQAAPHT  OV   HOBAT  PART  Ifc 

I  BOW  return  to  describe  the  Parish  of  Knockando.  In  the 
North  £a«t  end,  next  to  Rothes,  is  the  barraiy  <^  Baster  £lcfai«% 
which  has  b^n  the  heritage  of  a  broDch  of  the  Hoose'of  Qratit 
for  above  150  years,  and  daring  six  g;enerations.  It  is  aceommo- 
dated  with  a  g;ood  house,  spacious  enclosures,  imd  much  barren 
wood  near  the  river.  Next  up  the  river,  is  the  barony  of  Wester 
Elchies:  About  the  year  1620,  this  was  Uie  hmtage  of  Mr 
Lachlan  Grant :  Hiereafter  it  came  to  Patrick,  the  6rst  of  this 
family,  whose  SOD,  James,  was  father  of  Ludovick,  who  died  1757, 
father  of  James  then  a  minor.  Farther  up  the  river  is  Bellin- 
tom,  the  patrimonial  estate  of  (1.)  Archibald  of  Bellintom,  whose 
sons  were,  Archibald.  John  of  Aruntullie  and  Alexander  of  Ala- 
chie,  (2.)  Archibald  was  father  of  (3.)  Sir  Francis  of  Cullen  late 
Lord  of  Session,  created  a  Baronet  anno  1705,  and  whose  sons  are, 
(4.)  Sir  Archibald  of  Monimnsk,  who  in  1758  purchased  from  Sir 
Ludovick  Grant  the  freehold  of  Bellintom  and  some  superiorities^ 
by  which  he  is  a  Baron  in  the  County  of  Moray :  William  of  Pres- 
tongrang^e  late  Lord  of  Session  and  Justiciary,  and  Mr  Francis. — 
Next  to  Bellintom,  up  the  river,  is  the  barony  of  Knockando,  with 
a  good  house  of  modern  architecture  on  the  bank  of  the  river. — 
The  first  of  this  family  was  Mungo  of  Kincherdie  whose  el- 
dest son  James  purchased  Knockando  from  Ludovick  Laird  of 
Grant.  James  was  fether  of  Ludovick  who  died  1751,  and  of  Alex- 
ander Grant  of  Grantfield ;  and  Ludovick  was  father  of  James, 
whose  son  Ludovick  is  now  living.  And  in  the  S.  W.  end  of  the 
parish  is  the  barony  of  Klrdels,  the  freehold  of  James  Grant  of  Bal- 
lendaloch  :  All  these  baronies  within  the  shire  of  Moray,  are  richly 
accommodated,  with  sidmon  fishing  in  the  river,  and  woods  on  the 
the  banks  of  it.  * 


*  It  has  been  deemed  proper  (o  retain  the  state  of  the  Proprietors,  in  each  Parish  as  it  was  In  the  lime 
of  the  Author.    The  state  of  the  Property,  both  of  this,  and  Uie  other  PariAeit,  as  It  is  now,  it  q 
In  the  mlnation  of  the  Coantji ;  Aiqwndix,  No.  21. 


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PAST   II.  OEOQRAPHT  OF   MOBAT.  45 

I  now  return  to  the  JBast  side  of  the  nwei,  and  over  ag^ainst 
Rothes,  is, 

BOHARM  PARISH. 

THE  parish  of  Boharm,  anciently  and  truly  written,  Socham  ; 
for  over  against  the  plains  of  Rothes,  and  on  the  east  bank  of  the  ri- 
ver, is  a  high  hill  called  Benr^gin,  i.  e.  the  hill  with  clefts,  and 
rodnd  a  great  part  of  the  hill  this  parish  windeth  :  Hence  called 
Bocham  i.  e.  a  Bow  or  arch  about  the  cam  or  hill.  It  is  in  length 
abont  four  miles,  and  in  few  places  above  half  a  mile  -in  breadth,  ly- 
ing' on  the  east  side  of  a  brook  that  runnedi  into  the  water  of  Eld- 
dich:  The  church  standee  on  the  south  aide  of  the  hill,  two  miles 
west  qS  Botrifnie,  two  miles  north  east  of  Aberlaur,  two  miles  and  a 
half  south  east  of  Rothes,  and  about  three  miles  north  of  Mortlich. 
This  parish  (all  in  the  county  of  Banff,  *)  was,  in  the  reign  of  King 
William  the  lion,  about  anno  1310,  the  property  of  William  M way. 


*  With  (lie  exception  of  the  lands  of  CdnitiB,  Anchnwlf,  MTiIbeii,udHulderT,partciflbebaitBge 
of  Oe  Bwl  of  SMfleld,  which  In  ttadr  Political  dlnatiim  appeitafai  to  the  Covnty  of  Uaacf. 

During  the  prevsUnoe  of  the  P<^^sh  mnmmery  tbeae  lands  were  a  panchial  Dittrlct,  then  tSSXHj 
(oppoMd  to  he  In  the  tutelage  of  Saint  Nicholas,  and  when  that  illusion  was  hy  Protestant  Illumination 
diipelledjtUs  territory  of  die  saints  was  Gonttitnted  a  put  of  the  pariAofDnndnmM.  His  bridge  and 
his  C3uq^  now  mafaitalnKarcdy  perceptible  trace*,  ajid  the  only  memorial  of  his  Hospital  u  exhibited 
in  Ae  ifi{ieadix  Nos.  2,  3,  and  4,  is  presemd  in  flie  Chaitulary  of  the  Diocese  of  Moray,  deposited  In 
the  Libmy  of  (he  Advocates.  On  the  nihTersion  of  the  Parish  of  Dunduicos  in  1783  which  we  have 
moitioiied,  this  territory  of  Si^t  Nicholas  by  the  deciee  of  annexation  became  a  part  of  tiie  paridi  of 
Boharm,  when  for  iu  more  conuiiodlous  religious  concemments,  the  estebiishment  of  the  fllebe  lands, 
Parsonage,  and  Church,  was  trantfiaTed  about  three  miles  eastward  of  tlie  original  Oiurdi  of  Boharm, 
wUdi  with  sereml  otheis  bad  been  built  hi  I61S  ont  of  the  Clril  List  of  James  the  VI.  in  the  same  re- 
gard as  the  forty  addiUonal  Churches  are  by  the  liberality  of  our  Government  (Act  Qeo,  IV.  Chap.  90, 
1S24,)  to  be  now  erected  for  the  more  eatnplete  rlrilisation  of  the  Scottish  Highlanders. 

To  dte  present  ^mfnettin  of  this  parish,  flie  Earl  of  Seafield,  Colonel  Macdowal  Gnnt  of  Anidlllj, 
Patrick  Stewart  of  Achlimcart  Esquire,  it  may  be  correct  to  add  John  Duff  of  Diummuir,  Esquire,  the 
Pn^rietorof  Knockann,  an  Estateofno  small  comidentton  ai^oininghis  property  in  Botriphnie. 

TbeCrown  su|^ilanted  the  Interest  of  St  Nidwlas,  and  has  thereby  acquired  his  share,  (with  the 
Earl  of  Fife)  of  (be  Patrmage  of  B<^nn,  as  now  parochially  conidtuted. 

M 


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4b  6E6ctRAi*HY  or  MbftXT.  ^KthF  U. 

son  of  Wliiarii,  and  grandson  of  Freskyti  Moray  of  tiufiutf.  He  is 
designed,  Dominus  de  Petty,  ft^chlie,  Bocharin,&c.  (Cart.  Mar.) 
and  from  his  son  Walter,  descended  Sir  Andrew  Moniy,  Lord  Both- 
well.  Willielmus  filius  Willielnii  Freskin,  had  his  castle  and  seat 
in  Boharm,  (Appendix  No.  V.J  probaWy  at  GatiTai.  where  Some 
Testi^^es  do  still  remain.  At  this  time  the  freeholds  sre,  AmiulU^t 
the  seat  of  Alexander  Gruit,  of  which  he  ptireh£tsed  the  freeh^ 
from  Sir  Ludovick  Chrant,  anno1757.  His  fatber.Thdmos  of  Acho- 
inany  and  Arntullie,  died  1756,  and  ^as  son  of  Walter,  son  of  John 
of  Arntnllie,  second  son  of  Archibald  the  first  of  Bellintom^  It  i» 
pleasantly  situated  at  the  foot  of  Ben-eg-^n,  on  the  bank  of  Spey. 
and  capable  of  g^at  improvement  by  enclosing*  and  planting.  This 
Gentleman  is  likewise  proprietor  of  Galival  and  of  Newton,  whiefa 
lately  pertained  to  a  Gentleman  of  the  name  of  Andersim.  Te  tho 
east  of  the  church  are  the  lands  of  Achmadiet,  the  property  of  Sir 
James  Grant,  And  thence  northward  is  the  barony  of  Achluneart, 
which,  for  several  generations,  pertained  to  a  branch  of  the  house  of 
Innes,  and  by  an  heiress  came  to  a  son  of  Stewart  of  Tanachie. 
This  parish  is  well  accommodated  with  moss  ground  for  fuel,  fuid 
generally  is  a  rich  and  fertile  soil,  very  early  in  ripening  about  Arn- 
tullie, but  cold  and  late  on  the  south  east  side  of  the  hill.  South  from 
Boharm,  on  the  rivulets  of  Fiddicb  and  Dulenan,  lieth, 

THE  PARISH  OF  MORTLICH. 

This  parish,  in  ancient  writings  is  called  Mortklaeh,  probably  from 
Mor-lcig,  \.  e.  a  great  hollow,  for  it  is  a  deep  hollow,  surrounded  by 
hills.  Before  I  enter  this  parish,  I  shall  a  little  describe  the  two 
rivulets  that  water  it :  Fiddich,q.  Fiodhidh,  i.  e.  woody,  because  its 
sides  are  covered  with  wood,  hath  its  rise  in  the  hills  south  of  Mort- 
lich  towards  Strathdon,  and  running  N.  E.  about  three  miles,  tum- 
eth  almost  due  west  for  a  mile,  and  then,  after  a  course  of  three  miles 


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PART  II.  OBOORAPMY  OP   MORAT.  47 

doe  north,  itfaUeth  into  Spey.  The  other  riytitet  Ihtlenan,  (proper- 
\y  Tuilan,  from  Tail,  a  flood,  because  of  its  impetuous  carrent)  takes 
Hs  rise  in  the  hills  of  Glenliyat.  and  runnings  N.  E.  parallel  to  Fld- 
(Bch  (but  separated  from  it  by  a  ridge  of  hills)  three  miles,  it  mixes 
with  it  three  miles  above  Spey. 

The  parish  is  in  length  iron  N.  to  S.  four  miles,  and  as  much  in 
breadth  firom  E.  to  W.  besides  some  skirts  that  lie  near  to  Botrifnie, 
GUu,  and  Cabrach.  It  is  all  environed  with  hills,  except  a  small 
opening  to  the  north.  The  church  standeth  on  Dulenan,  a  little 
above  the  conflaence  with  Hddicb,  two  miles  S.  S.  E.  of  Aberlaur, 
tmd  about  three  miles  S.  of  Boharm.  The  parish  (all  in  the  shire 
of  Banff)  consists  of  the  barony  of  Kininvie,  the  Lordship  of  Balve- 
Aie,  and  the  barony  of  Auchindune.  The  house  of  Eaninvie  stands  ■ 
upon  the  rivulet  Hddich  on  the  east  side,  environed  with  natural  wood. 
A  branch  of  the  Family  of  Leslie  of  Balquhan  has  enjoyed  this  barony 
about  two  hundred  and  fifty  years,  and  of  this  branch  the  Earl  of 
Leven  is  descended.  Next  up  nddtcb-side  and  the  west  side*  of 
Dnllen,  are  the  lands  of  Balvenie,  which  comprehend  Bochram,  lit- 
tle Tullich,  Parkbeg,  Cltnie-more,  Clunie-beg,  Pitvaich,  Lettoch, 
Sec.  Of  the  commissioners  sent  to  London  19th  August  1423,  to  re- 
lieve King  James  I.  was  James  Douglas  of  Balvenie  (Rym.  Fed. 
vol  X.  p.  398.)  and  in  1446  Johnson  of  James  Earl  of  Douglas  was 
created  Lord  Balvenie,  who,  being  forfeited  1455,  for  joining  in  his 
brother's  rebellion.  King  James  II.  granted  Balvenie  to  his  uterine 
brother  John  Steuart  Earl  of  Athole.  That  family  sold  it  to  Aber- 
neathie  Lord  Salton,  who,  about  1606,  disponed  it  to  Lord  Ochil- 
tree. From*him  it  came  to  Sir  Robert  Innes  of  Invermarkie,  uid 
from  Sir  Robert's  heirs  to  SuUierland  of  Kinminity.  About  anno 
1666,  Alexander  Lord  Salton  reduced  his  father's  disposition  to 
Lord  Ochiltree,  and  conveyed  the  luids  in  1670  to  Arthur  Forbes 
brother  to  Kackton,  from  whom  Alexander  Duff  of  Braco  adjudged 


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4S  GEOGRAPHY    OF    MORAY.  PART   II. 

them,  and  got  possession  about  1687,  and  they  are  now  the  property 
of  the  Earl  of  Fife.  Upon  an  eminence  on  the  West-bank  of  Fld- 
dich,  stood  the  castle  of  Balvenie,  the  ancient  seat  of  the  Lordship^ 
commanding^  a  pleasant  Tiew  of  the  valley ;  and  half  a  mile  below 
it,  in  a  moist,  low,  and  unwholesome  soil,  there  is  built  a  fine  house 
of  modem  architecture,  one  of  the  seats  of  the  Earl  of  Hfe,  adorned 
with  gardens  and  planting. 

In  the  south  of  the  parish,  betwixt  the  rivulets  of  flddich  and 
Dullen,  is  the  Barony  of  Achindtme.  This  was  formerly  a  part  of 
the  Lordship  of  Deskford,  and  Achindune  and  forest  of  Fiddich 
were  a  part  of  the  Barony  of  Ogilvie,  erected  in  1527  (Pen.  Fmdl.), 
Afterwards  it  was  purchased  by,  and  is  now  the  proper^  of  Uie  Fa- 
.  mily  of  Ciordon,  The  castle  stood  on  a  mount  above  the  water  of 
Fiddich ;  and  from  it  Glenfiddich  stretches  S.  W.  about  three  miles 
among  the  hills ;  where  is  fine  pasture  ground  and  a  forest  of  red 
deer.  Upon  the  head  of  Dullen  lieth  Glenrinne^,  a  fertile  valley,  two 
miles  long.  The  south-side  of  it  is  a  part  of  the  Barony  of  Achin- 
dune, and  the  north-side  a  part  of  the  Lordship  of  Balvenie.  Along' 
the  north-side  runneth  Benrinnes,  a  high  hill,  and  a  land  mark  for 
s^lors  in  sailing  into  the  Moray  TVith.  Before  I  proceed  to  the 
next  parish,  I  shall  give  some  accoimt  of 

THE  FAMILT  OF  DUFF 

The  Family  of  M'Dupf  Earl  of  Fife,  (descended,  in  my  opinion, 
of  King  Duffns,  who  was  murdered  in  Forres  about  anno  965)  was 
ancient  and  eminent,  and  flourished  until  the  year  1385.  The  sir- 
names  of  Weem,  M'lntosk,  Togheach,  Shaw,  Spens,  Fife,  Duff,  &c. 
are  branches  of  that  great  Family.  I  have  before  me  a  genealo- 
gical manuscript  account  lately  written,  deducing  the  Lord  Braco 
from  the  family  of  l^fe.    Jt  consists  of  three  successive  branches. 

I.  The  Earls  of  Athok  of  the  name  de  Strathbolgie,  descended  of 


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PART    II.  THE    FAMILY  OP    DUFF.  49 

the  Earls  of  Fife,  thus  ;  (1)  David  son  of  Duncan  the  sixth  £arl. 
In  a  donation  totiie  See  of  Moray  by  Malcolm  the  seventh  Earl, 
"  David  filius  quondam  Duncani  Comitis  de  Fife,  frater  meus,  anno 
1266,  is  witness.  Collatio  Maleolmi  Com.  de  Fife,  Episc.  Morav. 
Test.  Duncano  et  Davide  fratribus  meis.  Conventio  inter  Andre- 
am  Episc.'  Morav.  et  nobilem  virum  Davidem  de  Strathbolgie  fili- 
nm  quondam  Duncani  Comitis  de  Fife,  anno  1232.*"  (Cart.  Moray) 
He  was  father  of  (2)  John  de  Strathbolgie,  who  became  Earl  of 
Athole  in  right  of  his  wife  Ada,  co-heiress  of  Henry  Earl  of  Athole, 
and  was  father  of  (3)  David,  who  married  Isabel  co-heiress  of  Lord 
Chilam,  and  died  1284.  His  son  (4)  John,  executed  at  London  1308. 
His  son  (5)  David,  killed  at  Kilblain  anno  1335.  by  his  wife  Joan, 
daughter  of  John  the  Red  Cuming  Lord  Badenoch,  had  several  sons 
whereof  the  eldest  (6)  David,  was  forfeited  for  abetting  the  English 
interest,  and  died  in  England  anno  137d,  without  male  issue.  This 
deduction  of  the  Earls  of  Athole  is  instructed  from  the  Chartulary 
of  Moray,  and  Sir  William  Dugdale. 

II.  Branch,  deduces  the  Duffs  of  Maldavid  and  Craighead  thus : 
(1)  John,  the  second  son  of  David  the  fifth  Earl  of  Athole,  quitted 
Uie  name  of  de  Strathbolgie  and  assumed  that  of  Duff,  and  had  the 
lands  of  Muldavid  and  Craighead,  &c.  -His  son  was  (2)  David,  <&c. 
"Die  line  was  carried  down  by  eleven  generations  to  John  Duff  wri- 
ter in  Aberdeen,  who  died  in  Holland  anno  1717,  without  issue;  and 
in  him  the  direct  line  of  Craighead  became  extinct.  I  confess  all 
the  descents  are  well  instructed,  except  the  first.  But  one  will  de- 
fnderate,  how  doth  it  appear  that  John  called  the  first  of  Craighead, 


*  Dsvid  mf  Brother,  the  Son  of  the  late  Dinon,  E&rl  of  Fife,  is  the  fear  132fi.  The  Contribution  of 
Uklcolm  Enrlof  Fifb  to  the  Bhhop  of  Morm/,  triloenel  by  Dnocui  u4  David  mj  Brothen,  The 
Gorenant  between  Andrew,  Biibop  of  Monty,  and  the  Noblenao,  David  de  S^athbolgie,  the  aon  of  the 
iMa  Eoriof  Fife,  In  the  yMr  IS3S. 


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50  fiHE   FAMILY  OF   DUFF.  PART   IT. 

was  the  second  son  of  David  fifth  Earl  of  Atiiole  P  Or  was  at  all 
his  son  ?  That  ever  he  bore  the  name  of  Strathbol^e  ?  That  he  as- 
sumed the  name  of  Duff  ?  And  for  what  reasons  he  did  so  ?  For 
all,  or  any  of  those,  there  is  no  voucher.  Be  that  aa  it  may,  I  pass 
on  to 

III.  Branch,  the  family  of  Clwnybeg  and  Braeo.  l%e  direct 
line  of  Craighead  becoming  extinct  in  John  Duff  anno  1717,  his 
grandfather  John,  (who  died  about  1660)  was  twice  married.  By 
his  first  wife  Isabel  Allan,  he  had  John  father  of  the  fbresud  John 
the  writer.  And  by  hie  second  wife,  daughter  of  John  ^tdon  of 
Camborraw,  he  had  (1)  Adam  Duff  of  Clunybeg,  who,  by  his  wife 
dan^ter  of  Gordon  of  Birkenbum,  had  Alexander  of  Keithmore, 
William  ancestor  of  Dnimmuir  and  Cromble,  John  ancestor  of 
Corsindie,  Peter  and  Adam.  Clunybeg  died  anno  1677.  (2) 
Alexander  of  Keithmore  married  Helen  daughter  of  Alexander 
Grant  of  £Hachie,  and  bad  Alexander  of  Braeo,  William  of  Dipple, 
and  Patrick  of  Craigston.  (3)  Alexander  of  Braeo  married  Mar- 
garet, daughter  of  Sir  WiUiam  Ciordon  of  Lesmore  Bart   and  had 

(4)  M^Uiam,  who,  leaving  no  male  issue,  was  succeeded  by  his  nncle, 

(5)  William  of  Dipple,  heir  mde  and  of  entail,  who,  by  his  wife 
daughter  of  Sir  George  Gordon  of  Edinglassie,  has  left  a  son,  (6) 
William.  This  gentleman  married  Jean,  eldest  daughter  of  Sir 
James  Grant  of  Grfuit,  and  hath  a  numerous  issue.  In  1735,  he 
was  created  Baron  Braeo  of  Kilbryde  in  the  County  of  Cavon  in 
Ireland ;  fuid,  by  patent  to  him  and  his  heirs  male,  dated  10th  April 
1750,  he  was  created  Viscount  Mac  Duff  and  Earl  Hfe  of  ^at 
kingdom.  He  was  succeeded  by  his  son,  (7)  James,  and  on  his 
death  1809,  secondly  by  his  next  eldest  son,  (8)  Alexander,  who 
died  in  1811,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son,  (9)  The  Bight  Hon- 
ourable James  now  Earl  of  Fife. 

William,  second  son  of  Clunybeg,  was  father  of  Alexander,  who 


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PABT  II.  THE   FAMILY  OF  DUFF.  M 

mamed  Katbwine  Duff,  eUest  dau^ter  and  heiress  of  Adtun  Doff 
of  Drummiur,  and  by  her  had  Robert  oi  Driunmuir,  John  of  Coul- 
bio,  and  William  of  Muirton.  Robert  was  father  of  Archibald*  who 
is  succeeded  by  his  son  John,  now  of  Dnimuiuir.  William  had  a  ' 
second  son,  James  fadier  of  ^lliara  Buff  of  Crombie  advocate. — 
Of  Clonybeg-'s  third  scm,  John,  is  descended  Dnff  of  Corsindie. — 
And  of  Keitiimore's  son  Patrick  of  Craig^ton,  are  descended  Hat- 
tcHi,  Kemney,  Graig^ton,  &c. 

The  Armorial  bearing  of  Duff  Earl  of  Fife,  of  the  King;dom 
of  Ikbland,  is  quarterly,  first  and  fourth,  Or,  a  Lion  rampant  Gitle$» 
armed  and  langued  Azure,  for  Fife ;  second  and  third.  Vert,  a  Fess 
dansette  Ermine,  betwixt  a  Hart's  head  eabossed  in  Chief,  and  two 
Escallops  in  Base,  Or,  for  Duff  of  Braco.  Crest,  a  demy  lion 
Gvleg,  holding'  in  his  dexter  paw  a  broad  sword  erected  in  pale  pro- 
per, hilted  and  pomelled.  Or,  Motto  above  the  Crest,  D£  US 
JUVAUIT.  And  below  the  Sbield.  VIRTUTE  ET  OPERA  •  — 
Supporters,-  two  savages  wreathed  about  the  heads  and  middles  witii 
Laurel,  holding  branches  of  trees  in  l^eir  hands,  all  proper. 

ABERLAURE  PARISH. 

The  parish  of  Aberlaure  (all  in  the  county  of  Banff,}  is  called  also 
Skir-drttston.  It  extendeth  on  the  bank  of  Spey,  from  the  mouth 
Fiddich,  three  miles  to  the  South  West,  and  on  all  other  sides  is  en- 
vironed  with  hills,  and  no  where  above  a  mile  in  breadth,  except  a 
small  skirt  in  Glenrinnes.  The  church  standeth  on  the  bank  of  the 
river,  where  a  brook,  flowing-  from  the  hills  towards  Mortlich,  fall- 
eth  into  it  two  miles  North  West  of  Mortlich,  two  miles  near  to  the 
west  of  Boharm,  and  three  miles  and  a  half  North  East  of  Inver- 
avon.  At  the  confluence  of  Fiddich  and  Spey,  there  is  a  passage 
boat,  and  another  at  the  church. 

*  Cmt—Ood  will  Help.— Below  tbe  Shield,  By  Counge  umI  Labour. 


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IB  GEOORAPHT  OF   MOBAY.  PART  If. 

The  parish  is  now  the  property  of  five  heritors.  In  the  lower  end  w 
Madhoase,  a  feu  pertaining  to  Mr  Anderson.  Next  up  the  river  iathe- 
heritag;e  of  Gordon  of  Aberlaure.  Further  up  the  river,  and  on  Aa 
south  east  of  the  brook,  is  Alachie.  This  was  the  heritage  of  Alex- 
ander Grant,  third  son  of  Bellentom,  by  whose  daogrhter  it  came  in 
mortgage  to  DuflFof  Keithmore,  and  was  lately  redeemed  by  Sir 
Ludovick  Grant,  who  in  1758  disponed  it  to  James  Grant  of  Carron. 
In  the  face  of  the  hill  south  west  from  Alachie;  is  Edinvillie.  Thi» 
was  the  property  of  Gordon  of  Farskin,  from  whom  it  came  to  Grant 
of  Easter  £lchies,  and  now  is  the  property  of  the  Earl  of  flndlater. 
(See  this  Work,  parish  of  Rothes,  page  21.)  Below  Edinvillie  to- 
wards the  side  of  the  river,  is  the  Barony  of  Kinermonie.  This  was 
a  part  of  the  Lordship  of  Balvenie,  and  was  given  by  Innes  of  Bal- 
venie  to  his  second  son,  whose  heirs  exchanged  it  for  Ortown,  and 
now  it  is  the  property  of  the  Earl  of  Fife.  In  the  west  end  of  the 
parish  is  Carron,  at  the  foot  of  the  hill  of  that  name.  It  continued 
above  two  hundred  years  the  property  of  a  branch  of  the  Family  rf 
Grant  of  Glenmonston,  and  Colonel  John  Grant,  the  Ijist  of  CarroD 
being  killed  before  Carthagena  anno  1741,  without  male  issue> 
Charles  Grant  of  Ringorum  became  the  male  heir.  From  him  Cap- 
tain Lewis  Grant  of  Achterblair,  a  branch  of  the  Clan  Allan  (and  who 
mairied  Colonel  Grant's  eldest  daughter,)  purchased  his  right,  and 
DOW  Captain  James  Grant  his  son,  enjoyeth  it,  and  in  1767  was 
made  Baron  of  Muldery  in  the  county  of  Moray  *.  I  now  proceed 
up  the  river  to 


*  or  the  ftlterethms  which  have  t&ken  place  ainee  the  first  Edition,  It  majrbe  proper  only  to  nollccv 
that  although  the  Ferryboat  is  continued  at  Aberlaure,  the  pasugeor  (he  River  st  the  influx  of  ths 
Fiddirb,  la  now  In  the  lumt  ceDnnudiona  atyle,  by  ihe  magoiBcent  and  Elegant  Iran  Bridge  at  th* 
Lofty  Rock  of  the  lower  Craig-Elachy.  The  <lesii:n  of  irhlch  waagirenby  Mr  THfordjCiTil  Engineer, 
awl  the  nndertalctDg  wai  executed  by  Mr  Simpson  of  RhnvsbaTy,  at  the  -ntst  of  £8000,  the  Span  ex- 
mdlng  UO  ftet  cotnpreboids  the  lAoIe  Rinr  In  it>  most  ini^iotic  ilate.    Hie  Acceai  cut  deep  into  tte 


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PART    II.  OEOORAPHV    OF    MORAY.  53 

THE  PARISH  OF  INVERAVON. 

Here  I  must  trace  the  rivers  of  Avon  and  Livat  that  water  this  pa- 
rish. The  river  Avon  riseth  out  of  a  lake  of  that  name,  about  two 
miles  in  length,  situated  in  a  deep  valley,  between  two  of  the  high- 
est hills  in  the  kingdom,  viz.  Cum7g;orm  and  Cairngormloi  ;  and 
nmning  through  Glenavon  and  the  parishes  of  Kirkmichaei  and  In- 
veravon,  it  emptieth  into  Spey  at  Bfdlendalach,  aftdr  a  course  of 
about  twenty  miles.  About  three  miles  above  the  mouth  of  Avon, 
Livat  failed]  into  it,  which  rising  in  the  hills  towards  Strathdon,  wa- 
tereth  Glenlivat  for  seven  or  eight  miles,  and  mixeth  with  Avon  at 
Drummin.  Both  these  waters  are  very  impetuous  ;  and  Avon  is  so 
clear  and  deceiving,  that,  where  to  the  eye  it  appeareth  but  a  foot 
deep,  it  is  commonly  more  than  three  feet  This  parish  is  very  ex- 
tensive*  running  on  the  bank  of  Spey  from  N.  E.  to  S.  W.  above 
three  and  a  half  miles,  and  then  S.  S.  E.  above  eight  miles.  The 
church  standeth  on  the  bank  of  Spey,  a  furlong  east  from  the  mouth 
of  Avon,  three  and  a  half  miles  S.  W.  of  Aberlaur,  two  miles  S.  of 
Knockando,  six  miles  N.  £.  of  Cromdale,  and  as  many  N.  of  Kirk- 
michaei. Malcolm  Earl  of  F^fe  gave  this  church,  and  a  Davach  of 
land  in  Inveravon,  to  the  Bishop  of  Moray,  (Appendix,  No.  VII.) 
which  sheweth  that  this  was  once  a  part  of  the  estate  of  the  Earls  of 
Jlfe,  and  probably  came  to  the  Grants  by  the  favour  of  Robert  Slew- 


bll  oftbe  overbuginf^Ilock,  the  River  nnrii^  aDdeniestb,  the  ligfatnen,  yet  aolMity  of  ibeopCD  Rail, 
The  mountains  in  their  various  ftlKtndes  and  disUaces.  The  Manors,  Dwellioga  and  Giores,  atonce 
under  the  eye,  present  k  new  a  Landscape,  and  so  inviting,  that  none  of  the  numerotu  Tourists  iMve 
expnned  the  SBwlleat  diaappointmeiU  after  an  excunionon  purpoatof  moTe  thanadoieD  ofmiles. 

The  stAte  of  (bt  Property  has  also  heen  subjected  to  considerable  alteration,  and  great  improvement 
lias  in  general  been  made.  The  gronrlng  Village  of  Chnrleatown,  to  trhich  the  Churdi  has  been  trans- 
lated,  rises  along  the  lately  fbrmeA  Turnpike,  communicatiDg  both  from  Fochaben  and  Keith,  or  rather 
from  the  Hulwurs  on  (he  ^ore,  to  the  upper  dintrit'l  of  Banlf-shire.  Theocnipntimi  of  the  Propertyia 
(een  hi  the  Table  of  the  Valiinl  Rent. 

o 


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34  GEOGRAPHY   OF    MORAY.  PAIIT   II. 

art  Duke  of  Albany  (uocieto  Andrew  Stexrart  who  married  ^e  heir- 
ess of  Grant)  to  whom  Isabel  M'Duff,  the  heiress,  dii^ned  that 
^eat  estate  (Appendix,  No.  VIII.)  The  whole  lower  end  of  the 
parish  except  Colchoich,  pertaining-  to  the  Duke  of  Gordon,  is  die 
Barony  of  Ballendalach.  This,  for  above  two  hundred  years,  was 
a  part  of  the  estate  of  the  old  family  of  Ballendalach,  of  whom  Advie, 
Dellay,  Dalvey,  Tommaulin,  &c.  have  descended.  But  being:  evict- 
ed and  brought  to  a  sale,  was  purchased  by  the  Laird  of  Grant  in  the 
beginning  of  this  century,  and  given  by  the  Brigadier  ~with  his  sis- 
ter to  Colonel  William  Grant,  second  son  to  Rothiemurchas,  whose 
son  James  (since  the  death  of  bis  nephew  William,  son-  of  his  elder 
brother  Alexander,  without  issue)  now  possesseth  it,  and  has  a  beau- 
tiful seat  at  the  confluence  of  Spey  and  Avon. 

Three  miles  above  Ballendalach,  upon  the  same  side  of  Avon,  be- 
ginneth  Glenlivat  which  runneth  up  S.  E.  on  both  sides  of  Livat 
five  miles,  and  holdeth  of  the  Duke  of  Gordon,  either  in  property  or 
in  superiority.  In  the  face  of  Benrinnes,  on  the  north  side  of  Livat, 
is  Morinsh,  for  several  generations  the  proper^  of  Nairnof  Morinsh, 
but  now  a  part  of  the  estate  of  Bfdlendalach.  On  the  west  side  of 
Avon,  for  three  miles  from  the  mouth  of  it,  lieth  the  Barony  of  Kil- 
Aiachlie.  This  was  a  part  of  the  estate  of  Alexander  Stewart,  fourth 
son  of  King  Robert  II.  Earl  of  Buchan,  and  Lord  Badenoch  and 
Strathavon.  who  having  no  legitimate  issue,  gave  the  lands  ofStrath- 
avon  to  his  bastard  son  Sir  Andrew,  whose  jwn  Sir  Walter  sold 
Strathavon  to  the  fiunily  of  Gordon  ;  or  rather,  it  came  to  Thomas, 
bastard  son  of  Alexander  Stenart  Earl  of  Marr,  who  was  bastard  son 
of  the  £arl  of  Buchan,  and  Thomas  sold  it  to  Alexander  Earl  of 
Huntly.  But  Kilmachlie  continued  with  a  son  of  Sir  Andrew  and 
bis  descendants,  until  Ludovick  Laird  of  Grant  purchased  it,  and 
now  it  is  a  part  of  the  estate  of  Ballendalach.  On  the  point  where 
Avon  and  lavat  join,  stands  the  castle  of  Drummin,  which  was  the 
seat  of  the   Barons  of  Strathavon,  and  is  now  the  seat  of  Charles 


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PJlBT  II.  QBOGftAPHy  OF   MORAY.  Of 

Steoart  of  Dntmiuin,  &  hnindi  of  Kilmachlie.  Here,  there  u  an 
agdk  of  a  itoBe-bridge  over  Lirat.  Thu  parisii  is  accommodated 
witli  nocb  woo4,  rich  pasture-groand,  and  plentifiil  salinon  fishiog. 
Th«  faaroay  of  BaUendalach  ii  in  the  county  of  Moray :  The  rest  is 
in  Banff-abire.     Farther  up  the  rirer  Avon  is 

.  THE  PARISH  OF  KIBKMIOHAEL. 

.  This  pariah  is  in  Ae  shire  of  Banff.  This  Glen  and  Strath  was  a 
part  of  the  estate  of  M'Doff  Earl  of  Fife  in  the  13th  century,  and 
was,  anno  1380,  June  22.  resigned  by  Isabel  M'Duff  heiress,  in  the 
hands  of  E^ing  Robert  III.  in  perpetoam  remanentiam,  f  Appen- 
dix No.  VIII.  And  Skene  de  verb,  siffnif.  Tit.  ArgeJ.  It  came 
afterwards  to  Alexander  Lord  Badenoch  and  Earl  of  Buchan,  who 
left  issue  only  three  bastard  sons,  vii.  Alexander  Earl  of  Marr  in 
right  of  his  wife.  Sir  Andrew  of  Sandfaaugh,  and  Walter  of  Rin- 
ehardin.  Sir  Walter  of  Stratbavon  (son  of  Sir  Andrew)  sold  Strath- 
aTon,  except  Kilmachlie  and  Drammin,  to  Alexander  Earl  of  Hunt- 
Tj,  who  disponed  it  to  his  son  Alexander,  and  he  excambed  it  for 
the  barony  of  Clunte.  Again,  Gieorge  Earl  of  Hantly,  who  died 
anno  1576,  gave  Strathavon  to  his  son  Alexander,  whose  son  Alex- 
ander Ciordon  of  Dunkintie  sold  Strathavon  to  his  cousin  George 
Earl  of  Huntly.  Since  that  time,  all  this  parish  (except  the  Da- 
vach  of  Delnaboe)  holds  of  Hmitly  in  property  or  superiority. 

It  is  all  environed  with  hills,  except  a  small  opening  towards  In- 
veravon,  and  extends  in  length,  in  both  aides  of  the  river,  from  N. 
E.  to  S.  W.  seven  miles ;  and  about  the  middle  of  the  parish,  the 
rivulet  Conglaa  (which  riseth  in  the  hills  towards  the  River  Don) 
after  a  course  of  seven  or  eight  miles,  falleth  into  Avon,  and  here 
the  breadth  of  the  parish  is  three  miles.  The  church  standeth  on 
the  East  bank  of  the  Avon,  two  miles  above  the  lower  end  <tf  th« 
parish,  six  miles  S.  W.  of  Inveravon,  four  miles  E.  of  Cromdale, 
and  five  miles  £.  N.  £.  of  Abernetbie. 


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06  GBOOBAPHT  OP  HOKAT.  PABIt  Tl. 

DeUay  of  Advie.  "Sext  up  the  rirer  on  the  east-nde,  is  Dalvey, 
which  for  several  g^enerations  pertained  to  a  branch  of  the  family  of 
Ballendalacb,  and  about  anno  16^,  Robert  of  Dalvey  purchased 
Dunlugas  in  the  county  of  Banff,  and  sold  Dalvey  to  James  Chwit 
of  Gartenbeg;,  who  in  1688  was  created  a  Baronet ;  and  dying  soon 
after  the  Revolution,  and  his  brother  Lewis  dying  about  1698,. both 
without  legitimate  issue,  the  lands  of  Dalvey  (by  an  agreement  ^tb 
the  heir  male)  came  to  Patrick  Grant  of  Inverladenan,  the  chief  of 
the  Clan  Donachie,  and  now  tbey  are  the  property  of  the  Lurd 
of  Grant.  Farther  up  on  that  side  of  the  river,  is  the  .  barony  of 
Cromdale.  This  (and  I  doubt  not  with  it  Advie  and  Dalvey)  was  a 
part  of  the  estate  of  M'Duff  Earl  of  We,  (Appendix,  No  VXII.) 
which,  22.  June  1389,  Isabel  M'Duff  daughter  and  heiress  of  Duncan 
Earl  of  Fife,  resigned  "  ad  perpetiiam  remanentiam,  in  tbe  hands  of 
''  King  Robert  III.  the  ISaronies  of  Strathurd,  Strathhraai),  Dea«r, 
"  Foyer,  with  the  Isle  of  Tay  and  liOgyabrie,  all  in  Perthshire: — 
"  The  barony  of  Coul  and  O'Neil  in  Aberdeenshire :  The  baronies 
"  of  Cromdale  and  Afiyne  (probably  Advie)  in  Inverness-shire : — 
"  The   lands  of  Stralbavie  and   Abrondolie  in   Banff-shire.     "Hie 


their  keen  edged  Claymares,  wia  lo  &(al  to  each  side  of  the  hoatile  Army,  both  of  tbe  Iniraden  and  of 
the  Natires,  as  to  bare  stanped  its  Oaelic  Title  lastiog  ai  Aat  <if  Marengo  or  Waterloe, "  The  Field 
OF  Dbtbrmihbd  Dkatb," — the  peacefiat  Summer  paaturage  of  tbe  Honie  of  Crovghly  the  Dwel- 
ringof  the  Colonel's  AncesfocSjiince  the  begmning  of  the  fifteenth  Centuiy.  In  the  vicinity  also  of  bii 
own  commadioiuly  neat  Manskn  of  Inrerlochy  Hwue,  the  memorable  Obelisk  Clachah  ha  DRriD, 
preserves  tbe  memorial  of  a  D^itaiy  of  (bat  Bnciently  Venerable  Order.  Neai  tbe  Gulbest  aoarcs  of 
the  Stream  of  tbe  Lochy,  trhich  imparts  its  name  both  to  tbe  Col(«el's  Mansion,  Bod  la  ila  own  grem 
Valeof  Gleolocby,  there  are  several  very  sequestered  Carenks  in  the  Rocky  lecesKS  of  tbe  Olen;  tbe 
Haunt,  and  occaakmal  Barracks  of  the  baud  of  Rob  Roy,  now  of  renovated  imown. 

TbeParochial(3iurd>  is  placed  on  tbe  eastern  Bank  of  the  Aron,  in  a  most  inviting  ritmikBi: — It  i> 
decotaled  by  the  Sepulchral  Monuments  ot  the  respectable  Houses  of  the  Gordons  of  Croi^ly,  Olen- 
bucket,  and  Fodderletter,  and  of  those  of  the  Clan  Farqnhanon  of  Strathafon. 

Exclugive  of  the  striking  Improrementsnf  the  Highways,  tbe  Dwellings  oftbe  people,  tbe  show  of  the- 
Fields,  the  System  ingeneralof  tbe  Agriculture;  it  is  only  to  be  farther  noticed  here, that  the  Countiy 
is  enlivened  by  tbe  thriFing  little  Town  of  Tomnatowl,  in  which  tbe  Noble  Pnqirietar  the  Duke  of 
Gordon,  has  tbe  aecomiDodation  of  an  Elqant  tbo'  Small  Hunting  Seat. 


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Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


PART  II-  GBOQBAPHY  <OF  MORAY.  St 

"  b*r<Hiy  of  Calder  in  Linlithgow^hise ;  and  Kilsyth  in  Stirlihg- 
"  flhire  (Skem  de  Verb,  aigmf.  T^t.  Arage.),"  This  was  afterwards 
tt#  property  c^  Nurn  Baron  of  Croradale,  from  whom  Ludovick 
Grant  v£  Grant  purchased  it.  la  Cromdale  is  Dallachaple  the  seat 
of  the  Head  <tf  the  Clan  Ohiaran,  Lethindie  the  seat  of  the  ancient 
barons,  Bumside  the  residence  of  William  Grant  of  the  Clan  Allan, 
&c    Near  4ie  church  is  the  passage-fboat. 

Over  agttiicist  Cromdale,  and  on  the  west^Ende  of  the  river,  is  Adt' 
iaarraw,  where  the  Clan  Chiaran  first  seated.  Next  is  Dunau,  the 
first  seat  of  the  Clan  Allan ;  and  next  thereto,  is  the  barony  of 
Freuchie  (i.e.  Heathery,  so  called  from  a  hillock,  covered  with 
beath,  near  the  house  of  Grant]  or  of  Castle  Grant,  lliis  (as  also 
Achinarraw,  Dunan,  and  all  the  lands  of  Inverfdlen)  was  anciently  a 
part  of  the  estate  of  Cumming  Lord  Badenoch.  Here  is  the  prin- 
cipal seat  of  the  family  of  Grant.  The  house  is  a  grand  buUding, 
environed  with  gardens  enclosures,  and  much  planting-.  The 
apartments  in  the  house  are  well  finished,  and  tiiere  is  a  valuable 
private  Library  *.     Two  miles  south,  the  church  of  Invendlen  stand- 


*  The  fiunlly  iMt  of  Cutle  Grant,  x\aea  on  an  eminence  near  the  middle  of  the  pari«h,  on  the  north 
tide  »f  the  riTcr.  The  body  (rf  the  home  is  four  Stories  in  beig)it ;  its  narlhera  front  moheB  Ihm  aides 
of  aqnadnngle,  harfaig  lower  wing*  added  to  the  lengthof  lheop|iq*itesidei.  Theorlgfaia]  Fnat  to' 
wards  dte  south  ia  alM  elegant,  allhoogh  the  iTOrknpnst)ipAf  the  flneentfaCeDtury. 

**  The  ^roacb  from  tbe  west  be^ni  at  the  extrenutf  of  the  Village  of  Oiantown;  the  Castle  ii  db* 
"tcurely  seen,bdngenT«k9ed  under  theeoT^rof  aged  trees. of  Kreatatatureaud  variety.  Tbs  aUer< 
"  nMe  olMCtirities  occMioiMd  by  Oeaoleain  gfeom  of  liuotriaiU  JiiUagt^  itn^tiMOpenbgipraMntedaii 
"  either  band,  \^  the  noil  dreased  Belds,  miiat  allnct  the  nUention  and  soothe  tbe  feeling!  of  a  teat** 
"  mental  traveller,  where  the  mtblime  and  beautiful  are  ao  b^pily  blended  together  in  the  Kune  sceM, 
"  Tba  contrast  they  form  hdfhtent  the  iriemnT  ff  W^  T^^  loftineas  of  Casl^  firant  i>  mvefa  bcs-. 
'*cealedby  the  altitude  owl  ne*rtuittftf  the]tiDBh  lill  you  «re  cloee  upon  it ;  and  .(he  propriety  (tf  lh«- 
"  treei  being  sonmnerausandso  near,,iapc«a^nefl  1^  the  stormy  natnreofthecliputtei 

*'  Kvety  thing  iritbout  sod  within  dn^^tes  ^he  liabilntion  of  a  Chieftain,  and  brii^  to  vemetibtuaii 
**  tboae  dnys,  in  which  the  head  of  every  tribe  wu  surrounded  by  his  owuClaa,  JHis  Qastle  warUidr- 
"  fbrtresc ;  his  ajiprobation  vna  (heir  pride ;  his  prqtection  was  bath  their  duty  and  their  ntmvV  I*. 
"UinAtytbeiTownbtewasinTidTed;  in  his  Hall  stood  Oie  BoMrd,tQwUrtt  O^-wpntXimf^^^.' 


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90  GBOOOAPHT  OF   MORAY.  PAST    [I. 

etb  on  tiie  west  bank  of  the  river.  In  the  thirteenth  Century,  about 
1230,  this  church,  and  probably  lands  abont  it,  pertained  to  Wdter 
Moray  Baron  of  Petty  and  son  of  William,  son  of  Freskyn  of  Daf- 
fhs  (Appendix  No.  XI).  And  anno  1^6,  King  Alexander  II.  ex- 
cambed  with  Andrew  Bishop  of  Moray,  the  three  Davochs  of  Fyn- 
larg*  (near  the  church  of  InTcr^en)  for  the  forest  of  Cawood,  and 
Logynfythenacb  in  Brae-Moray  (Appendix  No:  X).  In  the  uppesr 
end  of  the  parish  is  TuUochgorum,  the  seat  of  the  chief  of  the  Clan 
Phadrick,  for  nearly  400  years.  N.  W.  from  TuUochgorum  is 
Clourie,  a  mortgage  belonging  to  a  Brandi  of  the  House  of  Grant. 
And  north  from  Clourie  is  Mnkerach,  the  first  possession  of  the 
Grants  of  Rothiemurchus,  where  they  biiilt  a  good  house  anno  1508, 
but  now  in  ruins.     I  now  go  up  tiie  river  to 

THE  PARISH  OF  ABERN£THIE. 

The  parish  of  Abemethie,  i.  e.  the  Mouth  of  Nethie,  or  the  Im- 
petuous Washie  River.  To  this  the  parish  of  Kinchardine  is 
united,  and  both  lie  on  the  South  East  side  of  the  River.  It  ex- 
tendethfrom  the  borders  of  Cromdale  to  Rothiemurchus,  seven  miles 


"oome;  dierebent  fri(halllfaeKiitiiiHnt>ofKbtlierm  tbeinidat  of  hb^Ildrmt  be  kcted  aa  (farir 
"  Gemenl  In  fite  day  of  bailie,  dielr  Judge  in  the  time  ofpnce,  and  was  at  all  timea  Ihetr  (riend."— Ro- 
bertMin'a  Tjew  of  Agrienltim  in  Ae  Comity  of  InvenieM. 

At  tfao  dlatauM  of  nearly  two  milei  weatwaid  of  the  Cattle  ii  tiie  Village  of  Grantown.  The  dnt 
hoaie  WB«  built  in  176S>  at  that  time  in  llie  midst  of  a  pretty  exteniive  aDcnltirated  moor.  It  i*  bnllt 
nponleaaeaof  IW  yeariior  tenBlneteens,eadt  Dm  extending 21  in  front, and  460 yards  deep;  rent  (Me 
fcrllMtb*tATeyatn,aiid  6a.  yearly  fortheiacceeding  fourteen;  for  (he  Kamd  period  of  nbeteen  yMTt, 
lOi.  yearly;  growing  to  Ha.  9d.  during  the  tlilrd;  and  to  Ifis.  daring  the  fourth;  and  £1  IbereaRerfw 
tbedantioaof  tbelowe.  The  Village  contiddlDg  about  800  Inhabitants,  is  regularly  conatnicled;  flie 
Street  H  feet  bwad,  and  the  great  square  108  by  700 IM  in  leng^  decontted  by  a  handsome  Town 
Hmiae,  ha  file  accommodation  of  the  Justice  of  Peace  and  Banm  Courts.  Of  late  also  an  Orphan 
Hoaptlal  hM  been  eatabliahed  in  Orantown,  by  a  share  of  the  f«nds  bequeathed  by  the  late  Lady  Grant 
of  Mobymnak,  for  the  pnrpoaes  of  Charity.  Thepbnof  thiafaoii^tai  ia  the  aame  as  that  of  (he  Ot^ibu 
Hoqrind  of  Edinburgh ;  none  ore  admit  ted  under  7  nor  continued  aft«r  U  yearaofi^  ;  and  at  preaeat 
the  number  is  limited  to  30. 


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PART   II.  GEOGRAPHT   OF    MOBAY.  61 

in  lenji^.  and  firom  Spey  to  Cttenlocby,  five  miles  in  breadth,  en- 
vironed, except  OD  the  river,  with  a  chain  of  bills.  The  barony  of 
Kinchardine  is  the  property  of  the  Duke  of  Gordon,  and  all  the  rest* 
except  a  few  wadsets,  the  property  of  the  Laird  <^  Grant.  Aber- 
nethie  is  in  the  county  of  Moray,  and  Kinchardine  in  the  county  of 
Inverness.  The  cbwch  standeth  two  furlongv  from  Spey,  and  as 
far  from  Nethie,  four  miles  South  West  of  Cromdale ;  four  miles 
East  of  Buthil,  and  six .  miles  North  East  of  Rothiemurchus. — 
The  water  of  Nethie  riseth  in  the  hills  near  to  Loch- Avon,  and  wa- 
tering the  parish  from  Somth  to  North,  after  a  course  of  near  seven 
miles,  discharg^tb  into  the  Spey. 

The  Barony  of  Abernethie  was  a  part  of  the  estate  of  Cumming 
Lord  Badenoch,  where  he  had  a  house  or  fort  near  the  church. — 
(See  Military  History)  Upon  the  forfeiture  of  Cumming;,  it  became 
a  part  of  the  Earldom  of  Moray,  and  as  yet  giveth  the  title  of  Lord 
Abernethie  to  that  Earl.  On  the  death  of  Earl  John  Bandulf  anno 
1346,  the  Earldom  reverted  to  the  Crown :  and  Abernethie,  as  a 
part  of  it,  was  ^ven  to  "  Dilecto  filio  nostro  Joanni  de  Dunbar,  et 
"  Mariotffi  sponsce  ejus,  filice  nostra  charissimse,  9"  Mart  anno  regni 
"  2»  1373.  *"  (Rotul.  Rob.  11.)  At  what  time  the  Lairds  of  Grant 
first  obtained  any  part  oX  Abernethie,  I  cannot  determine ;  but  they 
were  in  possession  of  the  lower  parts  early  in  the  sixteenth  Century, 
and  thereafter  they  purchased  the  upper  part  in  the  seventeenth 
Century,  from  the  Earl  of  Moray.  Let  it  be  observed  that  the  Da- 
vochs  of  Giartenmore,  Rymore,  and  Tulloch  in  Abernethie,  and  the 
Davochs  of  Tullochgoriim,  Clourie  and  Cour  in  Inverallen,  were  a 
part  of  the  Lordship  of  Badenoch ;  and  about  anno  1600,  the  family 
of  Huntly  excambed  these  lands  with  John  of  Fruchie,  for  lands  in 
Strathavon  and  Glenlivat,  reserving  to  Huntly  a  servitude  upon  the 


*  Onr  wdl  beloTed  m  John  DnnlMr,  Mid  Mariot  \a»  Spcmse,  Mr  4ewT9l  du^kter,  9th  of  Mwcb, 
Becond  ycftrorovrni^ — 1373. 


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AS  OEOGRAPHY  OF  MORAY.  PAST  II. 

Fir  Wood  of  Rymore»  tor  repmring  Gordon  eastle,  and  the  caatle 
of  Blairfindie  in  Glenlivat,  which  serritode  is  stiU  in  force. 

In  the  east  end  of  the  parish  is  Conegeaa,  a  mortgag:e  pertaining 
to  Mr  William  Grant  late  minister  of  Abemethie;  and  a  half  mile 
above  Conegew,  is  a  Inidge  of  four  arches  over  Spey  btult  on  the 
military  road  in  1754.  A  mile  fiirther  up  is  Achernack,  for  about 
300  years  the  residence  of  the  Head  of  the  Clan  Allan.  About  ^e 
year  1560,  James  Grant  of  Achemack  had  a  family  of  eight  sons, 
whereof  Duncan  was  heir;  a  2d,  Gregor,  founded  the  family  of  Gar- 
tenmore ;  a  3d,  James,  was  ancestor  of  Achterblair,  now  Carron ; 
a  4th,  John,  was  the  first  of  the  Grants  of  Easter  Lethendie  and 
Burnside ;  a  dth,  Allan,  was  ancestor  of  Mullacfaard;  a  0th,  Mango,  of 
Conegess ;  a  7th,  Robert  of  Nevie ;  and  the  8th,  Andrew.  Near  to 
Achemack  is  a  passage  boat.  At  the  mouth  of  Nethie  is  Coulna- 
kyle,  a  pleasant  seat,  where  Sir  James  Grant  has  built  a  new  house. 
A  mile  up  on  Nethie,  is  Letoch,  the  mortgage  of  a  gentleman  of  the 
Clan  Allan;  and  a  mile  farther  up  isLurg,  the  seat  of  Robert  Grant 
of  Lurg,  the  fifth  descent  from  Duncan  heir  of  Grant,  who  died  anno 
1581.  Beyond  Nethie,  on  the  river  Spey,  is  Gartenmore^  a  mort- 
gage of  John  Grant.  South  from  which  is  Rymoret  and  South 
West  thence  is  Ttilloch,  which  had  been  fu'  bol  generations  the 
property  of  a  branch  of  the  &mily  of  Ballendalach,  lately  extinct. 
A  skirt  of  the  parish  of  Abeniethie  lieth  in  a  narrow  valley  called 
GUnbruin  and  Gieniochy^  near  the  river  Avon. 

The  Barony  of  Kinchardine  lieth  on  the  river  3pey,  betwixt  Gar- 
tenmore  and  Bothiemurchus.  The  church  is  in  the  middle  of  it,  a 
furlong  from  the  river.  I  observed  before,  that  Walter  Stewart  of 
Kinchardine  was  the  Aird  son  of  the  Earl  of  Buchan.  His  descend- 
ants for  ten  descents,  continued  in  good  repute,  till  about  the  year 
1683,  John  Roy,  the  last  Baron,  (a  silly  ignorant  man)  was  in  a 
manner  cheated  out  of  his  estate,  by  his  brother-in-law  Alexwader 
M'Intoeh,  called  the  sheriff  Baine,  who  made  him  sell  it  to  the  Mar- 


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PAST    II.  QEOORAPHt   OF    MORAY.  63 

qtus  of  Huntiy  for  a  very  trifle  i  and  the  fiunily  is  extinct.  For  tiie 
toAenmye  fir  woods  in  Abemethie  and  Kinehardine,  see  the  nataral 
histoiy.     4nd  I  eross  the  river  to 

THE  PARISH  OF  DUTHIL. 

The  parish  of  Buthil  lieth  on  the  west  side  of  the  river  :  but  the 
parish  of  Bothiemurchiu  that  is  united  to  it  is  on  the  east  side.  Du- 
tfail  is  divided  into  two  parts,  by  a  rid^  of  hills  running'  from  south 
.to  north.  The  south  east  ade  of  these  hills  is  called  Deawil,  i.  e. 
Soothwurd  ;  and  the  north  west  side  is  called  l\tathail.  i.  e.  North- 
ward; and  hence  is  the  name,  i>ufAi7.  The  rapid  rivulet  Tmhnan, 
wateretii  this  north  side  of  the  parish.  It  riseth  in  the  hills  betwixt 
Qadenoch  and  Stratfaem,  and  running'  north  east  through  Buthil,  it 
tnmeth  due  east,  and  after  a  course  of  sixteen  nailes  falleth  into  Spey. 
There  axe  upon  it  two  stone  bridges,  one  a  furlong  above  the  month 
of  it,  and  the  other  a  mile  above  the  church.  The  church  standeth 
on  the  w«st  side  of  Tuilenan,  six  miles  west  south  west  of  Cromdale, 
four  miles  west  of  Abemethie,  and  about  seven  miles  north  of  Alvie. 
On  Tuilenan,  from  north  to  south,  lies  Tullochgriban,  It^illachard, 
Achterbhur,  Inverladenan,  &c.  the  seats  of  Cientlemen  of  Uie  name 
of  Grant. 

Ilie  Deasoil,  or  south  side  of  the  hills,  stretcheth  on  the  bank  of 
Spey,  from  Tullochgomm  to  the  borders  of  Badenoch,  five  miles  in 
length,  and  not  one  mile  in  breadth.  In  the  east  end  is  Gartenbeg, 
tile  ancient  seat  of  the  Clan  Donachie,  of  whom  Sir  Ludovick  Grant 
of  Dalvey  is  the  representative.  Lauchlan  Grant,  now  of  Gartenbeg, 
is  of  that  Family  *.  Next  is  Kincherdie,  the  seat  of  a  branch  of 
the  house  of  Grant     Farther  up  is  Aviemore,  which  (with  Ijne- 


*  upon  tbewest  tMukof  tbertTcr,  wbereiMivthepungelwatofGvteiimorecniHetb,  stood  the  house 
ef  Cm mmlng  of  Glen<Jienikh,M  yet  called  Sigh's  lMiMe,bec«qaeWgtohelie«a  of  GleocbenUchinarried  to 
the  L«bd  of  GfuI)  wu  Ibe  last  of  the  Cumtali^  that  enjoyed  that  land.    The  hooae  atood  on  a  green 


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64  GEOGRAPHY   OF    MORAY.  PART   II. 

cbuirn)  was  the  residence  of  a  branch  of  the  Family  of  GlenmoristoD, 
BOW  extinct.  And  on  the  boilers  of  Badenocb  is  the  Western  Crai^ 
Elachie,  which  word  ia  a  motto  of  the  Cbwit's  arms,  and  is  the  CVw 
de  giterre,  or  War-cry  of  the  Clan.  This  parish  is  in  the  Shire  of 
Moray  for  the  most  part,  and  the  whole  of  it  is  a  part  of  the  estate  of 
Grant. 

THE  PARISH  OF  ROTHIEMURCHUS. 

The  parish  of  Rothiemurchns  is  in  the  Shire  of  Inverness.  It 
heth  on  the  S.  E.  of  the  river,  and,  inclnding*  Glenmore  in  Kinchar- 
dine  parish,  it  maketh  a  semicircle,  whereof  the  river  is  the  diame- 
ter, and  hig^h  mountains  Uie  circumference.  The  chwch  standetb 
on  the  river,  a  half  mile  b^ow  the  south  end  of  the  parish,  six  miles 
south  from  DuUiil ;  six  miles  south  west  from  Abernethie  ;  and  one 
and  a  half  mile  south  east  from  Alvie.  Close  by  the  church  Is  the 
house  of  Downe,  the  seat  of  Patrick  Grant  of  Rothiemurchus,  a 
Baron  in  the  county. 

THE  FAMILY  OF  GRANT  OF  ROTHIEMURCHUS. 

The  first  of  this  family  was  (1)  Patrick  of  Mukerach,  son, of  John 
Cirant,  and  Margaret  Stenart  daughter  of  the  Efurl  of  Athole.  Upon 
the  forfeiting  of  Shaw  of  Rothiemurchus,  Patrick  got  BothiemuT' 
chus  and  Balnespick,  in  exchange  for  Mukerach.  He  was  succeed- 
ed by  his  eldest  son  (3)  Duncan,  who,  having  no  issue,  was  succeed- 
ed by  his  brother  (3)  John,  father  of  (4)  James,  who  had  three  sons, 
viz.  Patrick,  Colonel  William,  and  Mr  John,  who  died  a  bachelor. 


meat,  fenced  by  a  Arj  djtdi,  (he  restiges  of  trhieb'are  yet  to  be  wen.  A  cnireDt  tnditkm  beareUi,  Omt 
ai  night «  MmoD  net  was  cut  Into  the  pool  below  tbe  n^l  of  (he  home,  and  a  imall  rope,  Ued  to  the  net 
rad  iHuught  in  St  thewhidow,  hwl  abellhui^tit  it,wbteh  rung  MiieDaSalinoDcameiDtoBnddMMk  the  net. 


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I>ABT    II.  GEOGHAPHT  OF   MOKAY.  .     65 

C<doiid  William  purchased  the  lands  of  Ballendalach,  aad  was  fa- 
ther of  Alexander,  and  of  James,  of  Ballendalach.  (5)  Patrick  had 
three  sonEf,  viz.  Patrick  of  Tullocbg^e,  Captain  John  who  died 
a  bachelor,  and  (6)  James  the  eldest  son,  father  of  (7)  Patrick,  the 
follier  of  (8)  John  Peter,  now  of  Rothiemm-chus,  M.  P. 

Bothiemnrchus  was  by  King^  Alexander  the  II.  anno  1236,  grant- 
ed to  Andrew  Bishop  of  Moray,  for  a  forest,  in  exchange  for  other 
lands,  {Appendix:,  No.  XII.)  And  Bishop  Andrew  OMHiified  it  to 
tfie  Cathedral  of  Elg^,  for  furnishing  lights  and  candles  (Apperv- 
tUx  No.  XIII.)  The  Shaws  and  Cammings  had  warm  and  bloody 
combats  about  this  possession  and  Xhichus  of  Rothiemurchus.  The 
principal  seat  was  a  fort  in  a  loch,  called  Loch  an  elan,  the  walls 
whereof  do  still  remain.    And  this  leads  me  to  give  some  account  of 

THE  FAMILY  OF  SHAW  OF  BOTHIEMURCHUlS. 

It  is  the  general  tradition,  that  the  Shaws  are  descended  of  Mac- 
dn£F  Earl  of  Fife.  Sir  George  Mackenzie,  in  his  Alphabetical  Ma- 
nuscr^t  of  Gen^ilogiea,  says,  **  that  Sheack  or  Shaw,  son  of  Macdufi^ 
"Was  progenitor  of  tiiis  name."  Sir  Robert  Sibbald  dedicates  his  Mo- 
dem History  t^  Mfe,  to  the  Earl  of  Wemyss,  Lord  Elcbo,  and  to 
the  Nobility  and  Gentry  of  the  name  of  Wemyss.  Shaw,  Toshean, 
Duff,  Douglas,  Lesley,  and  Abemethy,  descended  of  the  Clan  Mac- 
duff. Mr  Nisbet  in  his  Marks  of  Cadency,  wrileth,  that  the 
Shaws  are  said  to  be  descended  of  a  younger  son  of  Macduff  Earl  of 
I>lfe.  The  Bishop  of  Carlile,  in  his  Scottish  Historical  Library, 
says,  I  have  seen  a  treatise  of  the  origin  and  continuance  of  ihe 
Thanes  and  Earls  of  fife  simamed  Macduff,  of  whom  the  Families 
of  Macintosh,  Wemyss,  Shaw,  and  Duff  are  descended.  Let  me 
add,  that  Dr  Abercrombie,  in  his  Martial  Ackiecements,  observeth, 
that  Kifig  Malcolm  Canmore  rewarded  those  who  had  contributed  to 
his  restoration,  from  the  names  of  which,  or  lands  g^ven  to  them, 

R 


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66  GEOGRAPHY    OF    MORAY.  ^Altt  II. 

many  ancient  ffuniliee  have  their  simames,  and  particolflily  Oordon^ 
Seaton,  Lesley,  Colder,  Shaw,  Strachan,  Mar,  &c.     ' 

These  hintaare  sufficient  to  show  the  antiquity  of  this  n&aie,  anj 
their  descent  irom  Macduff. 

I  see  no  reason  to  doubt,  that  the  Shaws  in  the  south  and  in '  t6e 
north,  were  originally  the  same.  But  at  what  time  they  settled  in 
the  north  I  cannot  determine.  The  Lord  Lyon's  Records  bear,  that 
Farquhardson  of  Invercauld  (descended  of  Shaw  of  Rothiemurchtn) 
carries  the  Lion  of  Macduff  as  paternal  arms  ;  and  a  canton'  dexter, 
charged  with  a  hand  holding  a  dagger,  point  downwards  ;  in  me- 
mory of  Shaw  of  RothiemuTchus  assisting  in  cutting  off  the  Com^ 
mings.  Unvaried  tradition  likewise  beareth,  that  Shaw  Corshkkclach 
1.  e.  Suck-toothed,  of  Rothiemurchns,  was  Captain  of  the  XXX  Clan 
Chattan,  in  th^  memorable  conflict  against  XXX  Clan  Cays,  on  Uie 
Inch  of  Perth,  anno  1396,  and  that  the  Shaws  possessed  Rothiemur* 
chus  long  before  that  time :  and  so  I  may  call  it  probable,  that  they 
settled  in  the  Nordi  in  the  beginning  at  least  of  the  14th  Century. 

The  lands  of  Rothiemurehus  having  been  granted  by  King  Alex- 
ander 11.  to  Andrew  Bishop  of  Moray,  anno  1236,  (Appendix,'So 
XII.)  were  held  of  the  Bishops  in  Lease,  by  the  Shaws  during  a 
hundred  years  without  ^sturbance  :  but  about  the  year  1350,  Cum- 
mine  of  Strathdallas  having  a  Lease  of  these  Lands,  and  unwilling 
to  yield  to  the  Shaws,  it  came  to  be  decided  by  the  Sword ;  and  (1) 
James  Shaw,  Chief  of  the  Clan,  was  killed  in  the  conflict.  James 
had  married  a  Daughter  of  Baron  Ferguson  in  Athole,  and  his  son 
(2)  Shaw,  called  Corahiaclach,  as  soon  as  he  came  of  age,  with  a 
body  of  Men,  attacked  Cummine.  and  killed  him,  at  a  place  called 
to  this  day  Lagna-CumiTUich.  He  purchased  the  Freehold  of  Ro- 
thiemurehus and  Balnespic ;  and  by  a  daughter  of  MacPherson  of 
Clunie,  had  seven  sons,  James  the  eldest,  and  Farquhar  Ancestor  of 
the  Ff^quharsons,  &c.  Shaw  commanded  the  XXX  Clan  Chattan 
on  the  Inch  of  Perth,  anno  1306,  and  dying  about  1405,  his  Grave- 


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PABT  n.  OBOQBAPHY  OF  MOBAT.  07 

Blone  M  seen  in  die  Church-yard.  (3)  James  brought  a  Company 
of  his  Naooie  to  the  Battle  of  Hardlaw,  anno  1411,  where'he  was 
killed.  His  son,  by  a  Daughter  of  Inveretie,  (4)  Alexander  Kiar, 
by  ft  daughter  of  Stuart  of  l^nchardine,  had  four  sons,  of  whom 
Dale,  Tordarroch,  and  Delnafert,  are  descended ;  and  (5)  John,  by  & 
Nieee  of  Macintosh,  was  Father  of  (6)  Allan,  who,  by  a  daughter 
of  the  Laird  of  Macintosh,  had  (7)  John,  Fa&er  of  (S)  Allan,  who 
having  barbarously  murdered  his  Step-Father  Dallas  of  Cantray, 
wfts  justly  forfeited,  ^nd  the  Laird  of  Grant  purchased  the  forfeiture 
about  anno  \B05.  The  Arms  of  Shaw  are :  Or,  a  Lion  Rampant, 
6vZe.  Armed  and  Lang^ed  Az;  a  Fir-tree  growing  oiit  of  a 
Mount  Prop,  in  Base ;  and,  in  a  Canton  Arg.  a  Dexter-hand  Coup'd 
grasping  a  dagger,  €fuie. 

FARQUHARSON  OF  INVERCAULD: 

Fabquhab,  second  son  of  Shaw  of  Rothiemurchus,  was  forester 
to  the  Earl  of  Mar,  about  anno  1440;  and,  by  a  daughter  of  Robison 
of  Lude^  was  father  of  (2)  Donald,  who,  by  a  daughter  of  Calvene,  had 
(3)  Farquhar  Beg,  who  married  a  daug-hter  of  Chisholm  of  Strath- 
^ftss,  and  had  (4)  Donald,  who  married  Isabel  only  chfld  of  Stuart 
of  Inrercauld  and  Aberarder,  and  by  her  obtained  these  lands,  anno 
ISSO :  his  son  (5)  flnlay  More  (from  whom  they  are  called  Clan 
FhMay)  Was  killed  in  the  battle  of  Pinky,  bearing  the  Royal  Stand- 
ard  1547.  By  a  daughter  of  Garden  of  Balchorie,  be  had  seven 
sons,  of  whom  seTeral  respectable  families  are  descended.  His  eldest 
son  (6)  William,  had  no  issue,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  brother  (7) 
Robert,  who  married  a  daughter  of  Inverchroakiie,  and  had  ^) 
John,  who,  by  a  daughter  of  Gartly,  had  a  Son  (9)  Robert,  who  mar- 
ried Anne  daughter  of  Erskine  of  Pittodrie,  and  had  Robert  and 
Alexander.  (10)  Robert  had  no  male  issue,  and  was  succeeded  by 
his  brother  (11)  Alexander,  who  married  a  daughter  of  Macintosh  ^ 


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68  GBOOBAPHY  OF  MOBiL¥.  ^ABT>  II, 

thai  Ilk.  aqd  had  Winiam  and  John. ,  (IS)  WlUiani  died  unnuin1ed> 
and  was  succeeded  bj  his  Brother  (13)  John,  who  died  in  I75G;  by 
Margivet  daughter  of  Lord  James  Murray  of  Douallie  brother  to  the 
Marquis  of  Ath<^e.  he  had  James,  land  Anne  married  to  .^Meas  Mae- 
intoah  of  that  Ilk.  (14)  James  married  Emilia,  daughter  (^  Lord 
Georg;e  Murray,  son  of  John  Duke  of  Athole,  and  by  her  has  issue. 

Invercauld  bears  Quarterly.  1  and  4,  Chy  a  Uon  Rampant,  Chih. 
Armed  and  Langued  Az.  2  and  3  Arg ;  a  Hr-tree  growing  out  bf  a 
Mount  in  Base  seeded  Prop.  And  on  a  Chief  GvU.  the  Banner  of 
Scotland  displayed :  And  in  a  Canton^  a  Dexter  hand  Couped  Fess- 
ways,  holding  a  Dagger  point  downward.  Crest,  a  laon  issuant 
Chile,  holding  .a  Sword  in  Ms  Dexter-paw,  hilted  and  ppmelled.  Or, 
Supporters,  Two  Cats  Salliant.  Motto.  .  FIDE  ET  FOKTI- 
TUDINE.* 

Having  described  the  country  of  Strathspey,  I  go  np  the  river 
Spey,  and  enter  into 

BADENACH, 

So  called  from  Badan,  a  Bush  or  Thicket,  because  it  was  anciently 
full  of  wood.  I  cannot  trace  the  possessors  of  this  country  higher 
than  the  Oummines  Lords  of  Badenach,  who,  I  doubt  not,  were 
Lords  of  it  in  the  12th  or  beginning  of  the  13th  Century.  Upon 
their  being  forfeited  by  King  Robert  Bruce,  Badenach  made  a  part 
of  the  Earldom  of  Moray,  granted  to  Sir  Thomas  Randolph,  aima 
1313  (Appendix  No  I.)  The  Earldom  reverted  to  the  Crovni  .ea 
the  death  of  John  Randcdph,  anno  1340,  without  issue  male,  Geoi^ 
Dunbar  Earl  of  March  had,  at  least,  the  title  of  Earl  of  Moray,  in 
right  of  his  mother  Agnes  Randolph,  sister  and  heiress  of  Earl  John 
Randolph.      And  when  King  Robert   II.  granted  the  Earldom 

^  By  fidelity  and  Contage. 


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PART    II.  QEOGRAPHY   OF    MORAY  00 

of  Moray  to  John  Dunbar,  he  excepted  Badenach,  Lpchaber,  and 
the  cAfitle  of  Urquhart  out  of  the  grant.  The  said  King-  Roberta 
anno  regni  1  mo  1373,  granted  the  sixty  Davochs  of  Badenach  to. 
his. son  Alexander  and  his  heirs,  which  foiling,  to  his  brother  David, 
and  his  heirs.  (Rot  Robert  II J  Lord  Alexander  died  anno  139|1,. 
without  lawful  issae :  David  likewise  left  no  son,  and  the  Lordship, 
of  Badenach  remained  in  the  Crown,  till  it  was  given  to  the  Earl 
of  Huntly,  after  the  battle  of  Brechin  anno  1453,  in  whose  fEunily 
it  continueth.  And  because  this  country  is  mainly  possessed  by  the 
Macintoshes  and  Macphersons,  I  shall  here  give  a  succinct  account 
of  these  two  Families  and  Clans. 

MACINTOSH. 

No  one  questions,  that  this  is  a  branch  of  the  Macdufis  Thanes 
and  Earls  of  Fife.  Tosck  in  Erse  (from  7W,  i.  e.  First  or  Chief) 
signifies  Thane,  and  Macintosh  is  the  Thane's  son.  (1)  Shaw  Mac- 
doff,  second  son  of  Duncan  fifth  Earl  of  Fife,  who  died  anno  1154, 
is  said  to  have  had  a  command  in  the  army  of  Malcolm  IV.  against 
the  Moravienses  about  the  year  1160,  and  that^  upon  quelling  that 
rebellion,  the  King  made  him  Governor  of  Inverbess,  and  .granted 
him  some  lands  near  to  it.  This  is  highly  probable ;  for  when  Prince 
Henry,  only  son  of  David  I.  died  anno'1153,  and  the  King  declared 
Malcolm  the  son  of  Henry  successor  to  the  Crown,  he  committed 
him  to  the  foresfud  Duncan  Earl  of  Fife,  to  bring  him  through  all  the 
countries,  and  to  have  him  proclaimed  in  all  the  Burghs,  heir  of  the 
Crown  (Chron.  Mil.)  In  this  tour,  Shaw  Macduff  accompanied 
hia  father,  and  got  into  the  favour  of  the  young  Prince,  who  after- 
wards preferred  him  as  said  is.  Shaw  fixing  his  re^dence  in  the 
North,  and  being  called  Mac-anrtoskich,  i.  e. "  the  Thane's  son,"  this 
became  the  simame  of  the  family.  By  Giles  Montgomery  he  left 
issue,  (2)  Shaw,  who  was  thirty  six  years  Governor  of  the  Castle  of 


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70  GEOGRAPHY    OF    MORAY.  PART   If. 

Inverness,  which  he  bravely  defended  against  the  Lord  of  the  Isles. 
By  a  daughter  of  Sir  Harry  Sandyland,  he  had  Ferquhar,  William, 
and  Edward  ancestor  of  Monivard.  and  died  anno  1309.  (3)  Fer^ 
quhar  bad  no  issue,  and  was  succeeded  by  [4]  Shaw,  son  of  William 
and  by  a  daughter  of  the  Thane  of  Calder,  was  father  of  [5]  Fer- 
quhar, who  fought  at  the  head  oi  bis  Clan  against  Haquin  King  of 
Norway,  in  the  battle  of  Largs,  anno  1363.  By  Mora,  daughter  of 
Angus  Oig  Lord  of  the  Isles,  he  had  (6)  Angus,  who  married  £va» 
the  only  child  and  heiress  of  Dowal  Dal,  Chief  of  the  Clan  Chattan, 
1393.  By  her  he  obtained  the  lands  of  Locharkeg,  Glenluy,  and 
Strathlocbie,  which  remained  with  the  Family,  till  they  were  sold 
to  Lochiel  in  1665.  Argyle  paid  the  purchase-money,  and  is  su- 
perior of  those  Lands. 

In  consequence  of  this  marriage,  the  Lairds  of  Macintosh  were 
^n  Royal  Charters,  Royal  Missives,  Indentures,  Contracts  of  Amity, 
&c.  of  which  I  have  perused  many)  designed  "  Captains  of  Clan 
Chattan."  In  a  bond  of  Man-rent,  dated  4th  April  1609,  and  grant- 
ed by  the  Macphersons  to  Macintosh,  they  name  him,  "  Our  Chief, 
"  as  it  was  of  auld,  according  to  the  Kings  of  Scotland,  their  Gift 
"  of  Chieftanry  of  the  hail  Clan  Chattan."  (pen.  Mucin.)  But  if 
there  were  such  a  Royal  Gift,  it  is  now  lost.  Yet  it  cannot  be  doubt- 
ed, that  the  Macintoshes,  Macphersons,  Macbeans,  Shaws,  Macgili- 
vraes,  Macqueens,  Macphails,  Smiths,  Macinteers,  &c.  as  one  Incor- 
porated Body,  did  own  Macintosh  for  their  Captain  or  Leader,  for 
about  300  years.  In  those  times  of  barbarity,  and  violence,  small 
Tribes  or  Clans  found  it  necessary,  to  come  under  the  patronage  of 
more  powerful  Clans.  Those  Incorporated  Tribes  foresaid,  went 
by  the  general  name  of  Clan  Chattan;  yet  every  Tribe  retained  its 
own  Simame  and  Chief. 

Angus,  by  hia  Wife  Eva,  had  a  numerous  Issue,  and  dying  about 
1346,  his  eldest  Son  (7)  William,  married  a  Daughter  of  Rory  More 
Macleod  of  Lewis,  and  had  (8)  Lachlan,  who  fought  the  Camerons 


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PART    II.  OfiOGItA.PHY   OF    HORAT.  71 

at  InverDaharon  (Vid.  Mil.  Hist),  and  by  a  Daughter  of  Fraser  of 
Lovat,  bad  (0)  Ferqubar:  This  GentlemaD,  being  of  a  peaceable 
dispoaiUon,  lived  a  private  life,  and  resigned  the  Chieftanry  and 
Fortune  in  favour  of  his  Uncle  (10)  Malcolm  Beg.  who  brought  a 
Battalion  to  the  Battle  of  Harlaw  anno  1411,  and  for  his  conduct 
there  obtained  the  lands  of  Braelochaber.  in  1447.  By  a  daughter 
of  Macdonald  of  Moidart,  he  had  Duncan,  William  of  Khylachie, 
and  Lachlan  Badenach.and  died  1457.  (11)  Duncan,  by  Florence 
Daughter  of  Macdonald  Earl  of  Ross,  had  (12)  Ferqubar,  who  died 
151^  without  male  issue,  and  was  succeeded  by  (13)  William,  son 
of  Lachlan  Badenach,  who  married  Isabel  Macnivan,  Heiress  of 
Dunachtin  :  He  was  murdered  in  Inverness,  by  one  of  bis  unruly 
Clan,  in  1515 ;  of  him  came  Strone.  His  Brother  (14)  Lachlan 
Oig  succeeded,  and  married  Jean,  Heiress  of  Line  of  Gordon  of 
Lochinvar,  and  was  barbarously  murdered  by  some  of  his  Clan,  in 
1^4.  His  son  (15)  William,  married  a  daughter  of  Findlater,  and  was 
treacherously  murdered  in  Huntly-casde  by  that  Earl's  orders,  anno 
1550,  for  which  Huntly  paid  a  great  Assythment  or  Compensation 
in  Lands.  His  son  (16)  Lachlan  More,  was  a  Gentleman  greatly 
respected,  for  his  behaviour  in  the  Battle  of  Glenlivat,  1594  (Vid 
Mil.  Hist.)  He  married  a  Daughter  of  Lord  Kintail,  and  died 
1606;  Of  his  Sons  are  descended  the  Families  of  Borhim,  Aberar- 
der,and  Corrybrugh.  His  eldest  son  Angus  went  abroad  to  travel, 
and  died  in  Padua  anno  1583;  by  a  daughter  of  the  Earl  of  Argyle, 
he  left  a  son,  (17)  Sir  Lachlan.  who  was,  for  some  time,  a  Gientle- 
man  of  the  Bed-Chamber  to  Prince  Charles :  He  married  a  daugh- 
ter of  the  Laird  of  Grant,  and  died  in  1622.  leaving  two  sons,  Wil- 
liam and  Angus  of  Daviot.  (18)  William,  by  a  daughter  of  Graeme 
of  Fmtrey.  had  a  son.  and  dying  in  1660,  (19)  Lachlan  married  the 
daughter  of  Lindsey  of  Edzel,  and  Ajkag  in  1704,  his  son  (30)  Lach- 
lan, died  in  1731  without  Issue,  and  was  succeeded  by  (21)  William, 
BOD  of  Lachlan  of  Daviot.    This  Gentleman  served  some  years  in  the 


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79  GEOGRAPHY   OF    HORAV.  PART  II. 

army^ond  was  finely  abcompliebed,  and  dying  in  1740  withoat  Issue; 
was  succeeded  by  his  brother  (23)  Angus,  who  married  a  daughto- 
oif  John  Farquharson  of  Invercauld,  and  died  in  1770  without  Issue: 
He  was  succeeded  by  his  nephew  ^neas,  son  of  Alexander  third 
■on  of  I^achlan  of  Daviot. 

For  arms.  Macintosh  taketh  quarterly.  1.  Or.  a  Lion  rampant; 
Gules,  for  Macduff.  2.  Arg.  a  Dexter  hand  couped  fessways,  grasping 
a  man's  heart  in  pale  Chile*.  3,  Az.  a  Boar's  head  couped.  Or.  for 
GordoD  of  Lochinvar.  4.  Or.  a  Lymfad ;  her  ou-s  in  saltire  erected. 
Sab.  for  Clan  Chattan.  Snpporters,  two  wild  Cats  proper.  Crest* 
a  Cat  salient  as  the  last.  Motto.  TOUCH  NOT  THE  CAT 
BUT  A  GLOVE. 

MACPHERSON. 

An  account  of  the  original  of  the  Clan  Chatttm  and  Macphersons 
is  published  in  the  Dhtionarieg  of  Cottier,  Moreri,  (&c.  too  long  to 
be  Uwiscribed  here.  I  am  sorry  the  author  of  it  discoveretb  more 
Tanity  than  Historical  knowledge.  His  fetching  the  Clan  Chattan 
from  Germany,  because  Tacitus  mentions  the  Catti  in  that  country, 
is  a  poor  playing  with  the  gingle  of  words.  The  marrying  GilU- 
catan-more  to  the  sister  of  Brute  King  of  the  Picts,  is  mere  vanity, 
without  any  foundation.  The  making  the  ancestor  of  the  Keiths, 
to  have  served  King  Kenneth  II.  in  overthrowing  the  Picta.  is  an 
unpardonable  anachronism ;  for  the  I^cts  were  overthrown  by  Ken- 
neth, about  anno  8^,  and  the  ancestor  of  the  Keiths  was  not  heard 
of  before  the  Battle  of  Barry  anno  1010.  And  the  sending  one  of 
the  Clan  on  a  pilgrimage  through  a  great  part  of  Europe  and  Asia, 
and  then  making  bini  King  of  Leineter  in  Ireland,  is  such  Knight 
errantry,  as  none  but  the  Iri^  should  commit  to  writing,  and  yet  not 
one  of  their  Historians  mentioneth  it. 

It  is  to  me  probable,  from  the  names  (Muiroch,  Enan,  Colum,  Gili- 


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PlBT.li;  OEOOUAPHY    OF    MORAY.  73 

colum,^.J  so  frequent  amoDg^  the  Clan  Chattim,  that  they  came 
originally  from  lreland>  and  either  took  their  name  from,  or  gave 
their  name  to  Catav,  now  Sutherland,  their  ancient  residence. 
Sutherland,  in  Erse  Catav,  and  Caithness,  Gualav,  were  anciently 
called,  Cateneeiacis  et  ultra  monfem,  viz.  Ord.  In  Erse  Cad  is 
alius,  Hig^h ;  and  Ghiael  is  humitia.  Low,  Plain.  And  so  Catav 
[from  Cad,  High,  and  Taobh  or  Tav,  a  Side]  is  the  high  side  of  the 
Ord ;  and  Gaul  av  is  the  low  side  of  it.  The  very  nature  and 
figure  of  the  country  confirmeth  the  Etymology :  And  the  Inhabi- 
tants might  have  taken  their  name,  Catack,  from  the  country.  Or. 
if  they  were  so  called  frvm'  Saint  Cattan  or  Cathaiu,  an  ancient 
Scottish  Saint  to  whom  the  Priory  of  Ardchallan  in  Lorn  was  dedi- 
cated, and  the  Priory  of  Searinch  in  Lewis  ubi  eantvise  Sancti  Cattani 
amervanter,  "  Where  the  remains  of  St  Cattan  are  preserved." 
Keith.  Catal.  they  might  have  given  their  name  to  the  country. — 
In  this  I  shall  not  determine,  and  shall  only  add,  that  their  antiquity 
at  Catav  was  such,  that  I  have  not  heard  of  any  inhabitants  in  that 
country  before  them. 

At  what  time,  and  upon  what  occasion,  they  removed  from  Caith- 
ness and  Sutherland  into  Lochaber,  I  find  not.  The  current  tra- 
dition is,  that  they  were  expelled,  because  Gillicattan,  their  Chief, 
disobeyed  a  call  to  the  royal  standard,  probably  in  the  beginning  of 
K-ing  Malcolm  II's  rei^,  which  commenced  anno  1004,  and  who 
then  called  his  subjects  into  the  field  against  the  invading  Danes. 
The  conjecture  seemeth  to  be  favoured  by  this,  that  their  chief  was 
commonly  called  Gillicatari'Tnore  o'Gualav,  i.  e.  "  The  Great  Gilli- 
cattan from  Caithness,"  implying,  that  he  came,  or  was  driven  from 
Cwthness. 

From  Gillicattan  More,  some  of  them  are  called  Macgillichattans. 
The.gpeneral  name  is  Catenach :  from  Muriach,  they  are  termed 
Clfin  Mhuirach,  and  from  Gillicattan  Clerach  Parson  of  Kingussie, 
ibiey  go  now  in  Badenach  by  the  name  of  Macpherson.     The  Mac- 


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74  GEOaBAPHY    OF    HOBAT.  FART   li. 

bains,  Macphails,  Catteig^hi,  are  branches  of  the  old  Clan  Chattan ; 
and  the  Keiths  are  likewise  said  to  have  descended  from  them.  At 
what  time  they  came  from  Lochaber  into  Badenach,  I  find  not— ^ 
Surely  it  was  not  all  at  one  time,  and  probably  the  forfeiture  of 
Cummine  Lord  Badeoach  by  Kin^  Robert  Bruce,  made  room  for 
tiiem  in  that  country. 

It  is  the  common  Tradition,  that  CHli-Cattan-more  lived  in  the 
reign  of  King  Malcolm  II.  Cent.  XI. :  and  the  most  probable  ac* 
eonnt  I  find  of  his  Descendants,  for  about  200  yeus,  is  as  follows. 
(1)  Gili'Cattan  More  was  Father  of  (2)  Dougal,  Father  of  (3)  Gili- 
Cattanand  David  Dow  Ancestor  of  Invfemahavon.  Gili-Cattan  was 
Father  of  (4)  Muirach  More,  who  had  two  Sons,  Kennetb  and  Gili- 
Cattan  Clerach.  (5)  Kenneth  had  no  Issue,  and  was  succeeded  by 
his  Brother  (6)  Gili-Cattan  Clerach  Parson  of  Kingussie,,  who  re- 
signed his  Pastoral  Charge.married,  and  became  Chief  of  the  Clan: 
He  had  two  Sons>  Gili-Patrick,  and  Ewan-Bane.  (7)  Gili-Patrick 
was  Father  of  [8]  Doual  DtJ,  whose  only  Child  Eva  married  Angus 
Macintosh  of  ^at  Ilk,  about  anno  1203.  The  direct  Male  line 
failing  thus,  the  Chieftanry  devolved  to  the  descendants  of  £nan 
Bane,  second  Son  of  Gili-Cattan  Clerach.  Ewan  Bane  died  about 
anno  1206,  leaving  three  Sons,  viz.  Kenneth  Ancestor  of  Clunie^ 
John  Ancestor  of  Pitmean,  and  Gelis  the  first  of  the  Family  of  In- 
veralbie.  These  and  their  descendants  assumed  the  Simame  of 
Macpherson,  from  the  said  Parson  of  Kingussie ;  but  the  Posterity 
•f  David  Dow  of  Invemahavon  were  called  Clan  Ihibhi  in  my  time. 

In  the  14th  Century,  the  Clan  Chattan  possessed  the  greatesl 
part  of  the  Country  of  Badenach,  and  lived  happy  and  respected  r 
But  a  fatal  discord,  between  two  f^  the  Tribes,  broke  their  harmony^ 
and  occasioned  ttie  Memorable  Combat  on  the  North  Inch  of  Perth^ 
in  the  year  1306.  The  Earls  of  Crawford  and  Moray,  by  Commis- 
sion, attempted  to  reconcile  them,  but  without  snccess :  wherefore' 
they  proposed,  that  thirty  on  each  side  should  decide  the  Qnarrel  by 


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r^BT   II.  GEOORAPHT   Of  MORAT  75 

the  Swordf  in  presence  of  the  King  and  the  Nobility.  [Who  the 
Combatants  were,  and  what  the  difference  between  diem  waa,  see 
Mil.  Hut."]  The  Parties,  like  the  Roman  Horatii  and  Curatii, 
accepted  the  motion :  but  when  they  were  met  on  the  day  ap- 
pointed,  one  of  the  Clan  Chattan  had  absented  through  fear,  and 
a  smith,  named  Henry  Wyne»  offered  to  supply  his  place  for  a 
Crown  of  Gold,  aboat  Ts.  6d.  value.  The  conflict  was  fieree  and 
desperate :  Of  the  Clan  Cay  twenty  nine  were  killed,  and  the  thirti- 
eth escaped  by  swimming  the  Tay :  and  of  the  Clan  Chattan  nine- 
teen were  killed.  The  victory  was  much  owing  to  Henry  Wyne, 
which  gave  rise  to  the  Proverb,  "  He  did  very  well  for  his  own 
band,  as  Henry  Wyne  did."  His  Posterity  [called  Siiochd  a 
Gune  Chrvim,  the  Issue  of  the  Sto(^ing  Smith]  were  incorporated 
with  the  Clan  Chattiui. 

The  Family  of  Clunie,  from  Ewan  Bane,  continued  the  Succes- 
noD,  but  I  cannot  pretend  to  give  the  names  of  the  Representatives 
before  the  last  Century.  I  know,  that,  in  1660,  Andrew  was  Laird 
of  Clunie,  whose  Son  Ewan  was  Father  of  Duncan,  who  died  in 
1722,  without  Male  Issue.  The  Direct  Idne  thus  failing,  the  near- 
est Collateral  Male  was  Lachlan  Macpherson  of  Nuid  [Son  of  Wil- 
liam, who  was  son  of  Donald,  whose  Father  John  was  Brother  to 
the  foresaid  Andrew  of  Clunie.]  Lachlan,  in  1722,  had  the  desig- 
nation of  Clunie,  and,  by  Jean,  Daughter  of  Sir  Ewan  Cameron  of 
Lochiel,  was  Father  of  a  numerous  Issue,  of  which  the  eldest  Son, 
Ewan  of  Clunie,  rashly  engaged  in  the  rebellion  of  1745,  and  was 
forfeited.  He  left  a  Son,  by  Janet,  Daughter  of  Simon,  late  Lord 
Lovat,  called  Duncan. 

Clunie  beareth  for  Arms.  Parted  per  Fess.  Or.  and  Az.  a  tym- 
phad,  sails  trussed  and  oars  in  action,  of  the  first  In  the  dexter 
chief  point,  a  hand  conped  fessways,  grasping  a  dagger,  point  up- 
ward, Chde.  And  in  the  sinister,  a  cross  crosUt  fitcbie,  of  the  last. 
Crest,  a  Cat  sejant  proper.  Motto,  TOUCH  NOT  THE  CAT 
GLOVELESS. 


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7tl  GEOGRAPHY    OF    MORAY.  PART   II. 

THE  PARISH  OF  ALVIE. 

The  pariah  of  Alvie,  i.  e.  Rockie,  from  Ail,  a  Rock.  It  lieth,  a 
part  on  each  side  of  Spey.  On  the  West  side,  it  extendeth  from 
Crag  Elachie  seven  miles  in  length,  and  little  above  half  a  mile  in 
breadth,  from  the  river  to  the  hills.  The  church  Btaodeth  near  to  a 
mile  from  the  North  end  of  the  parish,  in  a  peninsula  of  a  lake  called 
Loch-Alvie,  six  miles  South  of  Duthel,  a  mile  and  a  half  West  of 
Rothiemurehus,  two  miles  and  a  half  North  of  Inch,  and  six  miles 
North  of  Kingussie.  In  the  North  end  is  Lenevulg,  the  property 
of  the  Duke  of  Gordon.  Next  Southward  is  Delraddie,  apart  of  the 
estate  of  Macpherson  of  Invereshie.  Below  Delraddie  on  the  side  of 
the  river,  is  KJnrara,  fur  some  generations  the  heritage  of  Macintosh 
of  Kinrara  and  Balnespic,  and  now  a  wadset  pertaining  to  Rothte- 
inurchus.*  South  from  Delraddie  are  Dillafoure,  Pitcherin  and 
Pitaurie  :  The  first,  a  feu  property  of  Macpherson  of  Dillafoure  : — ■ 
The  other  two,  the  property  of  the  Duke  of  Gordon.     Farther  South 


'For  many  yarn  Kinran  has  been  the  properly  of  tbe  Duke  of  Gordon.  Being  nalunlly  a  beautiful 
place  it  was  adopted  long  ago  for  an  occasional  rcMdence.  by  the  illuatrion.'i  DOcbess  of  GoFdou,— when  a)l 
tl)e  nirat  ornameots  of  art  <n'nre  coDJoioed  to  (hose  which  natarc  had  conrered  .Her  Grace's  accomuMdat* 
lonii,  altho'  strikingly  elegant,  were  constructed  mostly  of  timber.  The  fields  with  great  taste  and  mucli 
skill  were  shaped  into  new  nrm^emeiit,  and  the  cultivatiou  considerably  enlarged.  The  groves,  walks, 
and  ridings  of  Kinrara,  with  Its  trlcklutg  rilh  and  the  rolling  river  of  Spey,  iitipiessed  Ike  idea  of  Eden 
and  its  gardens. 

An  elegBody  coMtmcted  Column  on  the  summit  of  a  little  mount,  now  marks  in  grave  memorial  the 
Tomb  of  her  Ontrr,  containbg  now  the  only  remains  ofevery  thing  which  man  is  able  to  imngme  of  ex- 
cellence in  woman. 

It  is  only  necessary  to  add,  that  Kinrara,  reared  up  into  a  m^piiAcent  Palace  of  solid  massonry,is  one 
of  the  hunting  quarters  of  the  Marquis  of  Hunlly, — when  the  imagination  immediately  bodies  forth  emy 
gratification  connected  with  the  most  sunsptuons  hospitality,  and  the  most  cheerhig  and  polished  aocttdity. 
Forto.the  first  endowmentsof  the  social  powen,hi3Lard9hip  has  conjoined  much  of  the  Belles  Lettres 
knowledge-— has  acquired  muchinformaiion  in  all  military  concemmenta»-aud  in  the  hiterats  of  the  stale. 
He  has  also  extended  bis  acqnaintance  over  a  longer  and  more  varied  scale  tbau  any  otiier  gentleman  oC 
our  great  empire,*— baring  a  perfect  knowledge  of  the  manners  and  style  of  erery  rank,  from  the  monarch 
to  tha  panani,  comprehending  even  that  of  the  Grandees  over  Europe,  and  of  tbe  Dlgnataries  of  every 
clrarek,and  of  the  Ladies  of  Iheljighest  quality,  down  to  (be  merry  Lasses  all  in  a  row,  unrrying  their  fisk 
to  (he  market. 


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PXRT   II.  OEOGBAPHV    OF    MORAY.  77 

is  the  Barony  of  Danachten^  the  property  of  the  Laird  of  Macin- 
tosh^ which  came  into  his  fiimily,  about  anno  1500,  by  marrying  the 
heiress.  Here  Macintosh  had  a  seat ;  but  b6ing  burnt  in  1689,  it 
has  not  been  rebuilt  Next  tiiereto  are  the  lands  of  Rait,  the  se^t  of 
Shaw  Macintosh  of  Borlum,  a  feu  holding  of  the  Duke  of  Gordon, 
as  all  Badenach  doeth.  On  the  East  side  of  the  river,  the  parish  ex- 
tendeth  a  mile  and  a  half  on  the  river,  and  about  three  miles  into 
Glenfeshie  S.  E.  all  the  property  of  the  Lairds  of  Macintosh  and 
Inveresbie.  Of  the  woods  in  this  and  the  other  parishes  I  speak 
elsewhere,  and  so  go  on  to 

THE  PARISH  OF  KINGUSSIE  AND  INCH. 

I  be^n  witb  Inch,  which  is  situated  below  Kingussie,  on  the 
East  side  of  the  river.  Here  the  river  passeth  through  a  lake  one 
and  a  half  mile  long,  and  near  to  a  mile  broad,  called  Loch-Inch : 
And  when  the  river  swelleth,  a  branch  of  it  runneth  on  each  side  of 
a  small  hill  on  which  the  church  standeth,  thereby  making  it  an 
Island ;  and  hence  is  the  name  fnck.  The  church  is  two  and  a 
half  miles  south  of  Alvie,  and  three  and  a  half  miles  north  of  Kin- 
gussie. This  parish  extendeth  about  three  miles  every  way,  betwixt 
die  waters  of  Feshie  and  Tromie.  Feshie  falleth  from  the  Gi*ampiaa 
hills,  and  being  swelled  by  many  brooks,  after  a  course  of  about  fif- 
teen miles,  dischargeth  itself  into  Spey  below  the  church,  and  it 
boundeth  the  parishes  of  Alvie  and  Inch.  Tromie  likewise  runneth 
out  of  the  Grampian  hills  a  course  of  about  fourteen  miles,  and  fall- 
eth into  Spey,  a  mile  north  of  Ruthven,  and  boundeth  the  parish  of 
Inch  to  tfie  south.  All  betwixt  Uiese  two  rivulets  is  the  property  of 
George  Macpherson  of  Invereshie,  Chief  of  one  of  the  principal 
tribes  of  that  name.  Close  by  the  church  of  Inch,  are  the  lands  of 
Balnespic,  holding  of  Grant  of  Rothiemurchus,  which  had  been  the 
property  of  Macintosh  of  Kinraraand  Balnespic.  but  were  sold  to 

V 


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"SO  GBOORAPHY   OF   MORAY.  PAST   II. 

church  standeth  near  the  river,  over  BgtdttBt  the  church  of  Bellie, 
and. about  half  a  mile  west  from  it ;  three  miles  east  from  Urquhart, 
and  three  miles  and  a  half  north  from  Dundurcos.  Till  the  year 
1731,  {vide  ^ccka.  His.)  this  made  two  parishes,  ^z.  Essil  and  Dip- 
pie.  Essil  (lasal,  i.  e.  Low)  in  the  north  end.  At  the  moutli  of 
the  river  is  the  harbour  and  town  of  Gemmgh.  The  harbour  receiveth 
no  ships  of  burden,  being  choaked  with  sand  and  shut  up  by  a  bar. 
The  town  of  Germag^h  is  a  burgh  of  Barony,  consisting  of  about  60 
dwelling-  houses.  It  was  long  the  property  of  the  family  of  Innes, 
and  now  belongs  to  the  Earl  Fife,  and  feued  out  to  small  heritors. 
South  of  the  town  are  the  lands  of  Essil ;  for  several  generations  the 
heritage  of  Geddes  of  Essil,  disponed,  in  16^,  to  Duff  Of  Dipple, 
ancestor  of  the  Earl  of  Fife.  Dipple  (Dubb  or  Du-pol,  i.  e.  tJre  Bla^ 
or  Deep  Pool,  viz.  in  the  Kver)  was  church  land,  for  some  time  the 
heritage  of  the  family  of  Innes,  and  now  of  Earl  Fife.  The  Diuke 
of  Oordon  has  a  farm  or  two  in  this  parish,  and  for  the  space  of  aboisA 
four  miles  above  the  mouth  of  the  river  is  one  of  the  best  Saltihbh 
fishings  in  the  kingdom,  belonging  to  the  Duke  of  Gordon,  ttie  fiaH 
c»f  Moray,  and  Earl  Fife.*    West  from  Speymoulh  lie%, 

THE  PARISH  OF  URQUHART. 

■  This  parish  stretcheth  upon  the  frith  to  the  river  Lossie  four  iniles^ 
and  two  miles  in  breadth.  The  church  standeth  near  the  south  end, 
three  miles  west  from  Speymouth,  one  mile  north  from  Langbride, 
and  three  east  from  Elgin  ;  the  south  and  east  parts  are  called  the 
Lordship  of  Urquhart.     They  were  a  part  of  the  lands  of  that  Priory 


*  Oonddenble  khentUtns  were  laMAo  in  (be  ibtte  of  tin  prapertjr  ot  thU  puisfa,  about  the  year  1777, 
hj  the  great  excaaibkm  which  waa  node  by  (fae  Dulce  of  Gordon  aud  the  Earl  of  File,.— of  which  it  is 
only  requisite  to  note  here,  that,  with  the  exception  only  of  the  Feuars  of  Gumonth,  his  Gnce  has  tlift 
wlude  ytapatj  of  die  pariih  of  Bpeynwuth,  and  the  lAole  Hi»M-fi4ieiy  of  the  rtnr  frea  tile  Mi  up 
to  the  flihefy  of  Ortotrn. 


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nJtT    II.  ttKOGRAPHV   OP    H09AY.  ^ 

Mdd  were  created  into  a  temporal  Ixndship,  in  favour  of  the  900  of 
Lord  WintoD,  Chancellor  of  Scotland  and  Earl  of  Dumferline,  anno 
IBOl,  (Vide  JSccIet.  HUt),  and  were  purchased  by  the  Duke  of 
Gordon  about  the  year  1730.  North  from  the  church  is  the  barony 
«f  Innes.  The  honse  of  Innes  is  a  fine  modem  building,  surround- 
ed with  gfardena,  enelomrea,  and  planting.  In  the  year  1737.  it  wa» 
•U  consumed  by  lightning ;  but  is  now  for  the  most  part  repaired 
and  well  finished.  West  of  Innes  i^  die  barony  of  Leuchars.  Hiis 
was  anciently  a  part  of  the  Earldom  of  Moray,  and  came  to  Sir  Alex* 
ander  Dunbar  of  Westfield,  as  a  part  of  his  patrimonial  estate.  About 
the  year  1570,  a  daughter  of  Westfield,  married  to  Innes  of  Crombie, 
for(mght  Leuefaara,  and  a  half  coble  of  fishing,  on  the  Spey>  into  the 
fiunily  of  Innes  ;  and  now  it  is  the  heritage  of  Captain  John  Innes, 
a  branch  of  the  CEunily.  Here  let  me  give  some  account  of  the  name 
md  fiunily  of  Innes. 

THE  FAMILY  OF  INNES. 

Tliis  is  a  local  simame.  InU  in  Erse  signifieUi  an  island,  or  a 
peninsula,  such  as  a  part  of  the  lands  oS  Innes  very  probably  was. 
The  antiquity  of  this  fiunily,  possessed  of  the  barony  of  Innes  for  six 
hundred  years,  appearetfa  from  the  original  charter  (Appendix  No. 
XIV.)  Beroaldus  Flandrensis,  who  obtained  this  charter,  either  was 
a  Flandrian^  according  to  Sir  James  Dalrymple,  or  was  one  of  the 
ancient  Moravienaes,  and  having  been  for  some  time  in  Flanders, 
was  called  the  Flandrian.  Thus  the  ancestor  of  Fraser  of  Foyer, 
having  been  for  some  time  in  France,  was  called  Hnteheon  Francach. 
Many  such  instances  are  obvious.  I  incline  the  rather  to  this  opi- 
nion, because  the  Morays,  Sutherlande,  Innesses,  and  Brodies,  have 
all  the  same  paternal  vrvas,  viz.  stars,  differing  only  in  the  tincture. 
Whence  it  is  probable  they  were  anciently  Moravienses.  The  chari- 
er now  mentioned  was  granted  by  King  Malcolm  IV. ;  and  thoogfa 


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83  GEOGRAPHY    OF    MORAY.  PART  II. 

the  original  is  lost,  there  is  extant  a  transcript  of  it  ander  the  snh* 
scription  of  Gavin  Dunbar,  clerk  register,  in  the  reign  of  King;  James 
V.  The  form  of  Uiis  charter  sheweth  it  ancient.  Our  Kings  had 
at  that  time,  and  not  before  King  William,  used  the  plural,  Nos  ; 
and  ancient  charters  had  do  particular  date  ;  yet  the  date  of  this 
charter  may  be  nearly  fixed,  by  observing  that  William  Bishop  (rf 
Moray  was  made  legate,  anno  1150,  and  died  anno  11^,  (Chron. 
Melr.)  which  bringetb  the  date  within  three  years.  King  Alex- 
ander II.  by  his  charter,  Ist  January  anno  regni  ISmo,  1226,  con<- 
firmed  the  lands  of  Innes,  Waltero  filio  Joanbis  filii  Berwaldi  (Pen. 
Inn.)  (4)  Sir  Alexander  Innes  succeeded  his-  father  Walter,  whose 
son  (5)  William  was  the  first  of  this  family,  designed  Dondnus  de 
Innea  in  an  indenture  betwixt  him  and  Simon,  prior  of  Pluscarden, 
in  or  before  the  year  1208.  His  son  (6)  William  de  Innes,  is  one 
of  the  witnesses  to  an  agreement  betwixt  the  town  of  Elgin  and  the 
Monks  of  Pluscarden,  dated  the  4th  of  December  1330.  He  is 
therein  designed  Baro  de  Inne$.  His  son  (7)  Robert  de  Innes  is 
designed  Dominus  ejvsdem,  in  a  charter  of  King  David  II.  of  the 
the  forrestry  of  Boyne.  This  charter  is  without  date ;  but  it  appears 
by  the  other  witnesses  mentioned  in  it,  to  have  been  granted  before 
the  year  1360.  His  son  (8)  Alexander,  had  three  sons  and  a  daugh- 
ter; Sir  Walter  the  eldest  son  died  unmarried;  John,  third  son,  was, 
on  January  23,  1406-7,  consecrated  bishop  of  Moray,  and  died  in 
April  1414.  He  advanced  t^e  rebuilding  of  the  Catbedral,  and  be- 
gan the  building  of  the  great  Steeple.  On  his  tomb  is  this  inscrip- 
tion,— "  Hie  jacet  reverendus  in  Cfaristo  Pater  et  D.  D.  Johannes  de 
Innes,  hujus  ecclesife  Episcopus,  qui  hoc  notabile  opus  incepit  et  per 
septenninm  potenter  sedificavit."*  The  daughter  Giles  was  married 
to  Ferquhard  Macintosh  of  that  Ilk.     The  second  son  (9)  Sir  Robert 


*  Here  lieth  in  Chriit,  tbe  Rw.  Father  and  Doctor  of  Divinilr,  John  de  Innes,  the  Biihop  of  th'A 
Calbedial,  who  began  this  dbtmguished  edifice,  and  for  seven  yean  mAuIousIji  continued  tlie  building. 


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PART   II.  GEOGRAPHY    OF    MORAY.  SA 

Innes,  succeeded  his  brother.  He  married  Dame  Janet  daughter 
and  heiress  of  Sir  David  Aberkerder,  Thane  of  Aberkerder,  now 
Mamocfa,  with  whom  he  got  a  large  accession  to  his  estate.  By  thift 
lady  he  had  a  son  (10)  Sir  Walter  Innes,  who  got  a  charter  of  ccmfinna- 
tion  of  his  mother's  lands,  from  King  James  II.  anno  1450.  He  mar- 
ried (1)  Enpheme,  daughter  of  Hugh  first  Lord  Lovat,  by  whom  he 
bad  Wee  sons  and  two  daughters  :  Sir  Rob«^  his  beir  :  Beoraldud 
Innes  of  Hatton,  from  whom  several  of  this  name  in  Caithness  are 
descended  :  His  third  son,  John  was  Bishop  of  Caithness  ;  Isabel, 
eldest  daughter  was  married  to  James  Dunbar  Earl  of  Min'ay  :  Mar* 
garet  the  second  to  Patrick  Maitland.  of  Netherdale.  Sir  Walter, 
by  his  second  Lady,  had  a  son,  John  Innes  of  ArdmUly,  from  whom 
several  families  of  the  name  are  descended.  (II)  Sir  Robert  Innes 
succeeded  bis  fa^er,  and  was  infefted  in  all  his  fsither's  lands  anno 
1436.  He  was  a  man  of  great  personal  bravwy,  and  reiuflrkably 
distinguished  himself  in  the  service  of  his  King  on  many  occasioi^ 
particularly  at  the  battle  of  Brechin  anno  1453.  His  lady  wa»  « 
daugbter  of  the  Baron  of  Dmmlfuirig,  by  whom  he  had  three  sons 
and  two  daughters :  James  his  heir ;  Walter  second  son,  ancestor 
of  the  families  of  Innermarkie,  Balvenie,  Coxtown,  Innerbrakie,, 
Ortown,  Auchintoul,  &c.  Robert  third  son,  progenitor  of  the  In- 
nesses  of  Drainie  :  His  eldest  daughter  Margaret,  was  married  to 
Sir  James  Ogilvie,  ancestor  of  the  Earls  of  Findlater :  The  second 
was  married  to  Barclay  of  Towie.  (12)  James  Innes  of  that  Ilk 
succeeded  his  father,  to  whom  he  was  retoured  heir  anno  1404.  He 
married  liady  Janet  Gordon,  daughter  of  Alexander  Ear)  of  Huntly, 
and  with  her  had  a  numerous  issue.  The  male  issue  (tf  Alexander 
the  eldest  son,  failed  in  the  person  of  his  grandson  Jobn»  who  was 
succeeded  by  the  grandson  of  (13)  Robert  Innes  of  Cromby,  second 
sou  of  James ;  which  Robert  was  father  of  (14)  James  Innes  of  Bath- 
makenzie,  who  died  fighting  gallantly  in  the  defence  of  his  coun- 
try at  the  battle  of  Pinkie,  anno  1547  ;  and  was  succeeded  by  hia 


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64  GSOQRAPHY   OF    MORAY.  PABT  11^ 

aoti  (15)  Alexander,  who,  by  right  of  blood,  as  well  aa  by  mutual 
entail,  succeeded  to  the  repreimtation  and  estate  of  this  funUy.  By 
his  Lady  Isabella,  daughter  «f  Arthur  Forbes  of  Balfour,  and  inece 
ef  John,  eighth  Lwd  Forbes,  he  had  a  son  (16)  Robert  Innes  of  that 
Ilk,  who  soceeeded  him  ;  and  by  Elizabeth,  daughter  oi  Robert, 
third  Lord  Elphinston,  he  had  two  sons  ;  Sir  Robert  his  heir,  and 
Sir  John,  fiither  of  Sir  Robert  Innes  of  Muirton.  (17)  Sir  Robert 
Inbes  of  Innes  was  a  great  fitvourite  of  King  Charles  I.  who  creat- 
ed him  a  Baronet  of  Nova  Scotia,  with  destination  to  his  heirs  male 
whatever,  by  patent,  dated  at  Whitehall  the  30th  of  May  anno  IGQS. 
He  afierwu-ds  sided  with  the  Covenanters,  and  was  appointed  one 
of  the  committee  of  estates  anno  1641.  He  married  Lady  Grizel 
Stuart,  daughter  of  James  £ar]  of  Moray,  by  whom  he  had  three 
sons  and  five  daughters ;  Sir  Robert  his  heir ;  limes  of  liehnet 
second  son  ;  William  a  ci^itain  in  the  guards.  His  ddest  daughter 
BIjzftbetfa  was  married  t6  Jeiib  Urquhart  oi  Cn^;town  ;  the  secoad 
daughter  Mary  was  married  to  James  Shuut  «f  Bosyth  ;  baa  third 
was  married  to  Sir  Robnt  In|ie«  of  Muirlon ;  hka  fisarth  Barbara, 
to  Robert  Ihinbar  Sheriff  of  Moray  ;  his  youngest  daughter  was  mar- 
ried to  Alexander  first  Lord  JHifiiis.  He  died  befme  the  Beatoratian* 
and  was  succeeded  by  his  eldest  sen  (18)  ^  Robert  Innes  sf  Innes 
who  married  Mary,  daughter  of  James  fifth  I^ord  Ross  of  HaUdbead, 
by  wfaotn  he  had  (19)  Sir  James  Innes  of  lanes  ;  who,  by  his  Lady 
Margaret,  daughter  of  Henry  Lord  Kerr,  apparent  heir  of  Robert 
£arl  of  Roxburgh,  bad  his  son  and  successor  (90)  ^r  Hemy  Innea 
of  Innes  Banmet,  who  married  Jean,  daughter  of  Puncan  Forbes 
of  Culloden  Esq.  by  whom  he  had  Sir  Henry  his  heir,  and  John 
Innes  of  Inoh1>room  Esq.,  an  officer  in  the  army,  wid  two  dau^^ 
ters^  (31)  Sir  Henry  Innes  of  Innes.  Baronet,  married  Anne,  daugh- 
i^  of  Sir  James  Grant  of  Grant,  by  whom  he  had  James  his  heir» 
and  Robert  who  went  to  the  East  Indies.  He  had  also  five  daugh- 
ters, viz.  Anne,  Jeati,  Margaret,  S<^hia  vud  Lndovica.    ^)  8k- 


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p«BT   n.  QfiOGRAFHY  OF   UOBAY.  8fi 

Jaxnei  Innes  <rf  Inoes  Baronet,  succeeded  his  fitther  Sir  Henryv 
He  is  tbe  sixth  Bftronet  of  this  (amily ;  the  twenty-seccHid  gfenera- 
ttsa  in  ft  direct  mde-line  from  Beeratdos ;  aod  the  second  in  prece- 
dency of  tite  ordo*  <rf  Banmets  of  Nava  Scotia. 

Thk  fitmily  had,  for  many  years^  a  very  opulent  estate.  Tliey 
were  proprietors  of  the  BanNuea  of  Innes,  Leachars,  Kehnalem- 
neck,  in  Moray  comity ;  CnwaMe,  Rodmrakmzie,  and  Aberkerder, 
m  Banff  county,  and  much  land  in  Ae  county  of  Cuthness.  They 
early  emlmwed  the  reformed  religion,  and  WiUiam,  laird  of  Innea 
was  a  Membo'  of  the  ParCament  in  lfi60,  which  establiiriied  tiiat 
happy  change. 

^kt  James  Innea  (son  of  Sir  Har^,  who  ^ed  in  176S),  said  the 
eatate  ai  Innes  in  1767,  to  James  Barl  olf  fife. 

In  a  few  years  thereafter.  Sir  James  Innes,  heir  apparent  by  Lady 
Bilargaret  Kerr,  mentioned  aboxe,  at  10^  saeoeeded  to  the  title  and 
fortune  of  the  Duke  of  BoldtHirgh.  He  had  been  previously  mArried 
to  the  daughter  of  Captain  Charlewood,  the  mother  of  his  Grace — 
James  Innes  Kerr  yet  a  minor — a  youiig  genlleman  of  great  pro- 
mise, and  of  the  best  hope.  And  the  Balvenie  Qaronet  is  now  re- 
presented by  Sir  John  Innes  of  Edingeitb,  the  Barpnet  of  Cpxtown 
by  Sir  Hugh  Innes,  and  the  Barqnet  of  Ortown,  it  ia  said»  by  Sir 
David  Innes. 

The  arms  f^  Innea  are.  Argent,  three  st«r8,  each  of  six  points 
azure,  with  the  badge  of  Nova  Scotia  in  the  centre.  Crest,  within 
an  Adder  disposed  cireleways,  a  castle  triple  towered  Prt^er.  Mot- 
to, PRUDENTIA  £T  VI.  Supporters,  two  grey  hounds  Argent, 
each  having  a  collar  amre,  chtu'ged  with  three  stars  of  the  first, 

THE  PARISH  OF  LANBRIDE. 

This  parish  is  so  called,  either  from  the  BritiiAi,  Lhtm,  a  church, 
aiDd  Bride  er  Bri^da,  i.  e.  St  Brigida's  church ;  or  (it  b^ug  wrii- 


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S0  aEOGBAPHY  OF    MORAY.  PART  If. 

ten  in  some  ancient  manascripta,  Lambnabride)  because  a  iamb,  an 
emblemofmeekness,  was  taken  up  and  decorated  with  many  ornaments 
on  St  Bride'8  day,  as  a  memorial  of  her.  This  parish  lieth  south  of 
Urquhart,  and  is  a  mile  m  leng^,  and  as  much  in  breadth.  The 
church  standeth  a  mtle  south  of  Urquhart;  two- and  a  half -miles 
south  east  ft-om  Elgin.  In  the  east  end  of  the  pari^  is  Pitnaseir,  a 
part  of  the  lands  of  the  Preceptory  of  Maison  Dieu,  and  now  the  he- 
ritage of  Og^vie  of  Pitnaseir,  holding  <^  the  town  of  Elgin.  In 
the  south  end  is  Cotts,  for  some  generations,  the  heritage  of  a 
branch  of  the  family  of  Innes,  and  in  1757  sold  to  Alexander  Brem- 
ner,  merchant  in  Portsoy;  holding  of  the  Earl  of  Fife.  Below 
Cotts  is  Cockstown,  a  Barony  that  had  long  been  the  property  of 
a  branch  of  the  family  of  Innes  of  luTermarkie.  Cockstown  was 
created  a  Baronet  in  1687,  v^ose  grandson.  Sir  Alexander,  married 
the  heiress  of  Barclay  of  Towie.  The  whole  Barony  of  Cockstown 
now  belongetii  to  the  Earl  of  Fife.     Next  to  Langbride  is 

THE  PARISH  AND  ROYAL  BURGH  OF  ELGIN. 

The  meaning  of  the  word  Elgin,  is  uncertain.  In  British  Hely, 
i.  e.  to  hunt,  fmd  Win.  i.  e.  Fair,  q.  a  pleasant  forest  or  hunting 
place.  'Or,  m  Saxon,  Hely,  i.  e.  holy,  and  Ihtn,  a  hill.  So  ffet- 
ffun,  (throwing  out  D  to  soften  the  sound)  is  a  holy  hill.  In  the  re- 
pository of  the  town,  there  is  an  old  iron  seat,  with  the  inscription, 
Helgun.  And  at  the  end  of  the  town  there  is  a  green  mount  called 
Our  Ladys  kill.  Whether  these  hints  may  lead  to  the  true  etymo- 
logy, I  determine  not.     Passing  such  curiosities, 

The  town  standeth  on  the  south  bank  of  the  river  Lossie,  in  the 
northern  extremity  of  the  parish,  on  a  plain,  and  the  ground  slop- 
peth  a  little  to  the  north.  The  situation  is  pleasant,  dry,  and  well 
Aired.  The  river  has  taken  a  winding  turn  to  the  northward  from 
the  centre  of  the  town  ;  whereas  it  anciently  ran  by  the  foot  of  the 


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PABT   II.  GBOGRAPHV  0P    MORAY.  87 

Mfdens,  and  was  the  boundary  of  most  part  of  the  closes  on  that 
side.  The  town  is  one  long^  street  from  sonA  west  to  north  east» 
crossed  about  the  middle  by  the  sdiool-wynd,  or  lane»  to  ike  south, 
and  by  Lossie-wynd  to  the  north.  The  Cross  standeUi  near  to  the 
middle,  and  near  the  east  end  standeth  the  Little-cross ;  frtHn  which 
the  High-Street  ^videth  into  two  branches,  wherettf  one  runneth 
due  east,  and  the  other  leadeth  north  east  by  the  College.  The 
High  Street  is,  for  the  most  part,  broad,  beantifiil,  and  well  laid  or 
causewayed.  On  the  middle  of  the  street,  near  the  Cross,  standeth 
the  High  Church ;  a  large  and  beautiful  edifice,  surpassed  by  few 
in  the  kingdom.  It  standeth  on  two  rows  of  arched  pillars,  and  is 
60  feet  broad,  and  above  80  long  within  walls.  No  church  can  be 
better  furaished  with  seats  and  lofts  of  wainscot,  and  a  pulpit  of 
curious  workmanship.  It  is  lighted,  besides  several  windows  in  the 
side  walls,  by  a  V^etian  window  of  three  arches  in  the  western 
gavel,  whereof  the  middle  arch  is  about  15  feet  high.  It  has  four 
hearses  of  brass  of  curious  work,  each  having  12  sockets,  hung  in  the 
middle  <rfthe  church.  To  the  east  end  is  joined  the  litUe  Church, 
where  worship  is  performed  on  week  days,  and  betwixt  ^ese  two 
churches  is  the  Steeple,  with  bells  and  a  clock.  The  Hi^  Church, 
dedicated  to  St  Giles,  stood  on  two  rows  of  massy  pillars,  and  was 
all  vaulted  and  covered  with  thick  and  heavy  hewed  atone  instead  of 
slate.  On  the  22d  of  June,  being  the  Sabbath-day,  anno  1679,  (the 
TCTy  day  on  which  the  battie  of  Bothwell-bridge  was  fought),  when 
the  people  had  returned  from  worship  in  the  forenotm,  the  whole 
iabric  fell  down,  except  the  four  pillars  and  vault  that  support  the 
iSteeple.  The  rebuilding  was  finished  in  1684,  at  the  expence  of  the 
heritors  of  the  parish,  merchants  and  tradesmen  of  tbe  town,  and 
some  private  contributors.  I  have  before  me  an  account,  charge  and 
discharge,  by  James  Winchester,  some  time  Treasurer  of  the  town, 
of  what  money  he  received,  and  how  it  was  applied.  The  charge 
amounts  to  £1485,  Os.  2d.  Scots,  and  the  discharge  to  £4003,  15&. 


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^  GfeeeiUPHY    OF    MOftA^t.  PikRT  tf, 

Scots.  The  Laird  of  Grant,  in  payment  of  bift  stent,  md  by  a  votsn- 
tary  contribirtion,  furnished  the  whole  tinodber  necessary.  The  Laird 
of  Moirton,  besides  his  stent,  contributed  J^SSft,  13s.  4d.  Scots.  Xbe 
Bishop  eontribated  £133,  6s.  8d.  Seotd ;  and  Mr  Alexander  Xod4, 
minister  at  Elgin,  £66,  l3s.  4d.  HtnAa.  The  Kirk-SMnon  paid  odt 
of  the  penalties  £151,  6a.  Sd.  Scots.  Alexander  ]>ong;k«  of  Spyni* 
gave  60  bolls  of  Tictual,  which,  at  £3,  68.  8d:  per  baB,  amounted  ^ 
£300  Scots.  The  buikUng  of  the  palpit  ^sides  the  price  of  tb« 
wainscot)  cost  £244,  and  the  giazing  cf  Ifae  windows  and  wire  cost 
£400  Scots.  I  find  nothing  paid  oat  cf  the  eomnon  good  0f  kb« 
Town. 

Westward  of  the  Church  standeth  Uie  Toiborth,  omMDeuled  witii 
a  high  Steeple  vaolted  to  tiie  top,  and  with  bells  and  a  clock.  The 
town  is  also  accommodated  with  a  large  and  weB  ftiished  Council 
Chamber,  a  Coart*Honse,  and  sevenJ  strong  Prison  rocana.  ItM 
houses  in  the  town  are  all  bnilt  ot  free  stcme,  and  amaj  of  th^n 
stand  on  pillars  to  the  street.  No  town  c«n  be  better  acedmntedated 
with  gardens ;  and  there  are  few  closes  but  hare  draw-neHs.  This 
town  stood  formerly  fertber  to  the  west  tiuta  now  it  do^ ;  for  tbi* 
See  my  Military  History ;  and  for  the  Cathednd,  College^  mA  re- 
ligious houses.  See  my  EechnaiUcal  HiHory.* 


*  Exchirint  of  modi  Improrament  in  rebutUinf ,  and  in  dretaing  out  the  dwellingi  in  »  tlate  of 
riniliy,  both  Is  acc(KMiiod*limi  uid  furniture,  with  that  of  the  other  cities  of  AU  gniKt  ai>|rire,  it  l> 
deemrd  proper  to  notice  here,  that  Elsin  has  of  late  been  grcMtlr  e&luged  bjr  «nr  dwrilinp  oa  the 
South,  the  Weat,  and  the  North. 

The  new  paving  the  *treets,  with  their  conmodion*  aide  pathi,  managed  under  the  anipicn  Mid  by 
ttie  addrenof  Alexander  Innes,  Eiq.,  late  Froroat,  ^o  hai  qnahitly  on  this  mljeGt  ofaaerTed,  •'that be 
baa  laid  down  a  thonnod  Soranigna  on  the  atnet,"  fonaa  «■  aceoBinodatUn  which  can  now  be  onl^ 
appreciated  by  Ibooe  aenlars  who  rentcmba*  the  brokea  cauueway,  the  comnum  gvtter,  and  the  ittanda 
in  die  middle  of  the  cKMa,  itreets,  and  lanea. 

Hie  antique,  mean  lUKica  or  the  Song  SdMwl  and  Onunmar  Briiool,  tbealovealyanddafectiTeadnc^ 
Bon  in  .timea  gone  by,  command  onr  notice  of  the  Acabekt — Improved  Into  larger  ete^anl,  aaA 
Inakhfui  acGommodatkm,  in  all  the  Kqulsite  Claaa-rooma,  within  a  high  n 


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PART    TI.  GEOGRAPHY   OF    MORAY.  901 

Hie  town  standeth  two  miles  north  from  Uie  church  of  Bimie» 


conrt  OD  (be  Knittem  lide  of  the  town,  remored  ttma  the  >tir  of  buiinau,  the  atartllng  Attnctiona  at 
biutle  and  «f  show,  uid  those  dangers  also  irhich  are  incident  in  crowded  ce*ort. 

Hib  lyatem  of  edncation  now  adopted,  Iwth  for  the  busmen  of  the  world,  and  for  the  reCnementa  of 
life,  U  conducted  hf  the  most  sedulous  attentions  of  three  gentlemen,  almost  of  uneqiwlled  abilltlei  in 
their  retpectivaand  unomnected  departments,  while  ttieir  diligence  is  preserved  in  unfagging  ex«rtian,. 
l^  occasional  Tisitation,  and  bf  the  great  annual  examination  continued  during  three  of  the  longest  days. 
in  thg  yokT,  by  the  Ministers  of  the  PMsbjtery,  supported  hy  the  Magistrales,  the  Literati,  and  all  the 
respectable  citisena,  closed  by  pnblie  specimens  of  fine  recitation,  honnared  b;  the  allendanre  of  the 
ladies,  and  all  the  bshitm,  rimling  the  annual  comedy  of  Vestminster  School,  and  neariy  equal  to  the 
"ad  Monlem"  of  Eaton. 

It  needs  be  only  &rther  mentioned,  that,  irith  Reading  and  the  Grammar  of  the  Englidi  Tongue,  tte 
lAtln,  the  Greek,  and  the  French)  are  tangfat  in  the  most  classical  method.  Tn  the  Mathematical  depart- 
BKnt,  Writing,  Arithmetic,  Algebra  and  Mathematics  both  in  theory,  and  in  tb^  practical  applicatimt 
by  Trigonometry  and  Mensuration,  with  Geography  in  all  its  bearings,  for  which  asnllLcient  assortment 
of  MathemBticalinstniments,  an  Orrery,  complete  and  costly  Globes,  an  Air-pump,  with  some  Chymical 
nd  Experimental  Medianic  Ajqiamtui,  has  been  at  no  small  expense  prorided.  While  the  young  gen- 
tlemen, nnmbering  mora  than  300^  of  whom,  many  are  from  distant  quarters  of  the  country,  living  at 
the  tables  of  their  teachers,  are  thus  preparing  for  the  support  and  glory  of  their  country  in  the  varied 
occupation  of  life,  hare  their  emulation  excited  by  prizes  to  be  won  by  the  most  worthy,  conferred  by  » 
liberal  proririini  by  the  Right  Htmonrahle  the  Earl  of  Fife,  In  token  of  die  kindly  interest  taken  by  his 
Lordship  in  this  deeply  important  eoncemment ;  and  by  a  similar  provision  also  of  the  yearly  Interest 
of  £200,  bequeathed  by  the  late  highly  reqtected  James  Macandrew,  Esq.,  the  token  of  his  regard  for 
*  Ut  Dattre  city ;  and  for  that  edncaticoi  there,  which  enabled  him  to  attain  wealth  and  honour  with  the 
■Nat  general  regard  and  esteem. 

In  the  new  wide  North  Street,  lately  opened  from  about  tbe  mlddfe  of  the  town,  for  tbe  communica- 
tion by  the  hi^Iy  finished  Turnpike  to  the  Port  of  Lossiemouth,  the  community  have  been  recently  ac- 
conunodated  with  a  superb  suit  of  Public  Rooms,  fitted  up  for  the  occasions  of  festivity,  and  for  the 
pupoaes  of  bosbiess.  The  Ball-room  is  a  magniflce»t  ball  60  by  38  feet— the  costly  cellhig  at  the 
height  of  more  than  20  feet,  extended  through  the  wide  and  lofty  portal  into  the  Banqueting-room, 
■early  of  the  aune  spacious  accommodation,  comprehending,  as  must  be  understood,  convenient  Par* 
loan  for  Card  pertiea,  and  Dressing-rooms  for  the  Indies,  with  the  Kitchen,  the  Larder,  and  the  Cellars, 
eonslrocted  by  the  GentlemeB  Free  Masons  of  Ti  inity  Lodge,  aided  by  the  subscription  of  some  of  the 


With  all  these  aeeomnwdations  for  the  people  in  health,  the  requisite  provision  also  for  die  sick  has 
been,  in  a  style  of  the  most  magnificent  libenlity,  secured  by  the  sympathetic  feelings  of  the  late  Dr 
Alexander  Gray  of  India,  who,  by  bis  very  respectable  attainments  in  Medicinal  skill  and  practice,  ac- 
qnlred  in  this  the  city  of  his  nativity,  crowned  bis  abilities  by  an  ample  fortune  In  tiie  service  of  the 
Honourabfe  East  India  Company — the  greater  part  of  which  he  bequeathed  for  tbe  building  and  support 
of  the  Hospital  for  all  die  destitute  sick  people  of  this  county. 

The  Hospital  was  completed  about  the  year  1815,  on  the  plan  of  the  able  Mr  Gilie^ie,  Arefaitect  of 
Edinhnrgh,  at  the  cost  of  Six  Thousand  Sovereigns.  The  RepresentatiTe  of  the  County  in  Parliament* 
the  Sheriff,  the  Rqireaentative  of  Majesty  in  the  County,  tbe  Ministers  of  the  National  Church  in  Um 

z 


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(M  «EOORAPH\    OF   MORAY.  PART   II. 

one  mile  apd  a  half  south  east  of  New  Spynie,  and  one  mile  and  a 


Town,  and  Kvenl  country  QeDtlemai,  an  the  Tnuteea.  Two  Phyricwna,  twa  Nunet,  n  Houiekeeper, 
and  a  Porter,  fonn  the  eatabliihment,  with  adet^ualc  reqwctive  rgnuneration  from  the  ca^lal  of  0>^ 
bequeathuenL    The  average  number  of  patients  may  be  from  a  dozen  to  about  a  Kore. 

Thii  elqant  endowment,  with  ilt  apacioui  pillared  front,  and  it»  dome  nited  <m  bi^  for  ila  clock 
and  bell,  1)  conitrucled  In  a  •mall  commodious  Park,  attractive  to  Uie  view  westward  from  a  long  readk 
of  the  High  Street ;  a  feelingly  intereitmg  object  alao  to  all  the  country  for  Kveial  mitea  around. 

Dr  Gray'i  lympathetk  feellngi  attended  to  therelief  alwof  aaotberclus  hi  distreu;  he  bequeathed 
the  yearly  intcrcal  of  the  cairitol  of  Two  Thouand  Sorereignt  for  the  comfort  of  (en  Vir^ns,  irtioae 
lu^  had  departed,  and  wluwe  means  wen  decayed. 

And  having  made  ludi  beneficent  proviilon  tar  Ibose  in  time,  be  extended  bli  rtgsnli  farther  to  their 
more  important  concenu  in  elemlly,  by  the  bequeatbment  to  be  efficient  after  one  lifennt  ofFour  Thou- 
nnd  Sovereign!,  for  the  building  and  the  endowment  of  a  Church,  for  the  accommodation  of  the  in- 
crenilng  pi^laticm  of  the  Town. 

It  yet  remains  to  be  noticed,  that,  notwithstanding  the  high  louglnation  entntMned  by  the  revtfead 
authorof  hischurcb,as  expressed  in  his  text  above,  it  is  now  decreed  to  level  it,  lilce  the  mon  goigeoui- 
Temple  of  Jerusalem,  no  one  stone  to  be  left  upon  another,  and  a  new  Ubhe  to  be  rtised  on  the  same- 
tintndation,  in  the  modern  style  of  what  is  termed  Grecian  ardiitecture,  at  tbeestlmated  cost  of  half  tbe 
Rent-roll  of  the  Parish.  Such  is  the  heedless  call  at,  perh^s,  an  ii^ndicious  taste,— the  more  wary  and 
teropeiate  counsels  of  prudence  would  have  managed  by  a  new  roof  only  on  dw  walls,  which  retain  the 
firmness  of  their  primeval  strength  at  the  distance  of  nearly  six  centuries,  with  a  better  arrangement  of 
llw  Pews,  and  another  tier  of  Galleries,  to  have  secured  a  more  ample  accommodation  than  is  now  cob- 
(cmplated,  at  an  expense  less  than  the  fourth  part  of  the  estimated  coat. 

By  every  one  who  has  acquired,  or  who  aSecta  to  have  acquired  any  measure  of  Antiquarian  lore,  U 
would  be  deemed  A  ^ignoramus'  omiasion  no)  to  request  a  passing  attention  to  the  fragment  of  a  Moua- 
ment  wbidi  was  dug  out  of  the  Street,  near  the  Church,  in  levelling  for  its  late  repavement  A  stone 
•f  Granite,  so  firm  as  l«  be  soscepdhle  only  of  (he  rudest  sculpture  in  bas  relief;  about  6  by  3  feet — ofc- 
vionsly  representing  a  Hnnttng  scene  on  erne  side— the  Dogt  and  Horses  stialniug  after  the  bounding 
Hoe — the  Hawk  fluttering  on  the  arm  fbr  liis  pouncing  attack.  A  representatran  near  the  top  irtiich 
may  be  supposed  a  Shield  In  the  fbrm  of  a  Crescent,  from  which,  seems  undesignedly  extending  <sdut 
may  have  been  meant  for  a  Bludgeon,  or  the  Tube  of  a  Bagpipe.  Hie  other  side  is  men  gisvea  onia< 
meotii,  apparently  without  the  deugn  of  special  neivesentation.  It  is  ineomplete  at  both  its  ends ;  and, 
save  that  from  no  appearance  of  any  of  the  letters,  it  is  presumed  to  have  been  fi»med  In  an  xra  prior  to 
tbe  knowledge  of  the  Alphabet  in  the  kingdom ;  and,  bearing  nothing  that  resembles  the  Cross,  may 
indicate  a  Monument  of  the  Draldkal  Dispensation.  Nothing  fiulher  is  exhibited  to  direct  even  con- 
In  consequence  of  the  increase  of  the  number  of  Wheel-aorieges,  in  aD  tbe  variety  known  of  dielr 
form,  the  Market  Croas  was  found  an  incumbrance  on  the  Street ;  it  was,  therefore,  niany  years  ago, 
clenrrd  off.  It  was  a  mean  Tower,  containing  a  small  hexagonal  roofleaa  chamber,  in  which  a  sorry 
freestone  column,  in  Its  own  peculiar  order  of  architecture,  scarcely  a  doaen  feet  m  hel^t,  was  shot  up, 
at  which,  however,  the  declarations  of  War.  and  the  annunciations  of  Peace,  wer«  in  the  mnat  solemn 
importance  of  formality  proclaimed.  tU  place  is  only  now  marked  by  plain  stones  laid  csoaswayijis 
Ike  middle  of  the  street. 


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PART   II.  OEOOttAPHY   OP    MORAY.  01 

half  weiit  from  St  Andrews.  The  parish  to  landward  extendeth 
eight  miles  from  east  to  west,  and  three  miles  from  north  to  south, 
and  is  situated  on  both  sides  of  the  river  Loasie,  which,  rising  in 
the  hills  betwixt  Knockando  and  £dinkillie,  runneth  north  three 
miles  to  the  church  of  Dallas,  thence  tumeth  east  about  three  miles, 
and  then  running  north  west,  and  watering  the  parishes  of  Bimie 
and  £]gin,  it  passeth  north,  and  after  a  course  of  about  fifteen  miles, 
fidleth  into  the  frith.  A  half  mile  west  from  Elgin,  there  is  a  bridge 
of  one  large  arch,  built  anno  1636 ;  on  the  east  side  of  the  river,  a 
mile  from  the  town  to  the  south,  are  the  lands  of  Main,  the  property 
of  David  Brndie,  M.  D.  South-east  from  Main,  are  the  lands  of 
Langmom,  Whitewreath,  and  Thornhill,  formerly  a  part  of  the  e- 
Btat«  of  Cockstown,  and  now  the  property  of  the  Earl  of  Fife.  Fur- 
ther  east  is  Blackhills,  the  heritage  of  Robert  Innes  of  Blackhills. 
On  the  west  side  of  the  river  is  the  Barony  of  Mostowie,  in  die 
north  west  end  of  the  parish.  The  town  of  Elgin  are  superiors  of 
it,  by  the  ^ft  of  Alexander  II. ;  and  now  the  Earl  of  Fife  has  i>08> 
session  of  it,  by  an  adjudication  against  William  Sutherland  of  Ross- 
conmion,  son  of  the  late  Lord  Dnfiiis,  who  held  it  in  feu  of  sud  town. 
South  east  of  Mostowie  is  the  Barony  of  Miltown,  which,  for  about 
an  hundred  years,  was  the  heritage  of  a  branch  of  the  family  of  Bro- 
die,  and,  by  Joseph  Brodie  of  Miltown,  sold  to  Lord  Braco,  about 
for^  two  years  ago.  It  was  church  land.  South  and  east  of  Mil- 
town  is  the  Barony  of  Pittenriach  and  Monbein.  Fittenriach  was 
a  part  of  the  Earldom  of  Moray,  and  long  the  property  of  Douglas 
of  Pittenriach,  from  whom  the  Earl  of  Moray  purchased  it,  in  the 
end  of  last  century.  Monbein,  Upper  and  Lower,  Bogside,  the 
Haugli,  &c.,  are  the  lands  of  the  preceptory  of  Maison  Dieu,  and 
hold  of  the  town  of  Elgin,  (Appendix,  No.  XXIV.)  These  Baro-* 
nies  are  now  the  property  of  Colonel  FVancis  Stuart,  uncle  to  the 
present  Earl  of  Moray,  except  Upper  Monbein,  that  pertaineth  to 
baillie  John  Laing  of  Elgin.     Westvrard  lieth  the  Glen  of  Plunear' 


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9S  GEOGRAPHV   OF   MORAY.  PART   IF- 

den,  a  valley  extending'  three  miles  in  leng^Ui^  and  surrounded  with 
hills,  except  to  the  east  It  is  (with  the  old  mills  near  the  town  of 
El^n)  the  property  of  the  Earl  of  Fife,  with  the  exception  of  the 
estate  of  Westerton,  which  is  the  property  of  the  family  of  Watson.* 
Elgin  giveth  title  to  Bruce,  Lord  Kinloss,  and  Earl  of  Elg^n.  Next 
up  the  river  is, 

THE  PARISH  OF  BIRNIE. 

The  parish  of  Birnie,  anciently  Brenoth,  i.  e.  a  brae,  or  high, 
l&nd.  It  extendeth  on  the  east  bank  of  Lossie,  three  miles  from 
north  to  south,  and  a  mile  from  east  to  west.  The  church  standeth 
near  the  river,  a  half  mile  above  the  north  end  of  the  parish,  two 
miles  south  from  Elg^n,  and  four  miles  north-east  from  Dallas.  The^ 
whole  parish  was  a  part  of  the  Bishop-lands  of  Moray ;  and  when 
Patrick  Hepburn,  the  last  Popish  Bishop,  harboured  his  outlawed 
nephew,  James  Earl  of  Bothwell,  anno  1566,  he  reigned  these 
and  other  lands  to  the  Earl  of  Moray  Regent;  and  this  parbh  is  a 
part  of  the  estate  of  the  Earl  of  Moray,  but  held  in  feu  by  the  Earl 
of  Fife,  William  King  of  Newmiln,  Leslie  of  Findrasie,  Coujdand 
of  Stonkhouse,  I>uff  ef  Tomshill,  &c. ;  but,  of  late,  the  Earl  of 
Findlater  has  purchased,  and  is  sole  proprietor  of  this  parish. 

THE  PARISH  OF  DALLAS. 

The  parish  of  Dallas  (Dale-uis,  i.  e.  a  watered  vidley)  is  surround- 
ed with  hills,  except  towards  Birnie,  and  a  small  portion  of  it  to  the 
north-west.   The  church  standeth  on  the  west  bank  of  Lossie,  about 


*  Colonel  Alexander  H&f  ii  now  the  Pn^triclor  of  Wetterton,  an  inriting  utnstkm  in  the  bautifnl 
V&leofPlDMarden,  where  he  huconslnieted  en  elegant  Modem  HouM  in  (he  GoUiicstyleofarcliitec* 
ture,  having  greatly  entailed  both  the  arable  land  byencroadimenton  thewuate,  and  the  natural  wood>- 
land  by  plaulatjon  in  all  tbe  variety  of  the  Ibrest — together  \rilh  a  lai^  extent  of  lawn  in  the  enviious 
of  bii  houK,  in  which  he  has  diipla^  much  laste  in  the  arrangement  of  the  natural  edibilities  of  the 


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PART  II.  QEOGRAPHV   OF   MOttAV.  ^ 

iCmu*  miles  soutiHwest  of  Birnie.  and  neatr  fiVe  miles  north  of  Knocfc- 
«Ddo.  In  the  lower  end  of  the  pariah  is  Killess,  cfanreh  land,  'for 
above  an  hundred  years  the  heritage  of  Farquharson  of  Killess,  now 
extinct,  and  the  lands  are  the  property  of  the  Eail  of  Vite.  Above 
this  is  Ihe  Barony  of  Dallas.  I  know  not,  if  from  this  valley,  Dallas 
<if  that  lik  bad  its  name  and  defflgnati<ni.  But  I  find  Willielmus'de 
Doleys,  a  witness  to  fiug«  Herok's  donation,  anno  1286,  (Appendix, 
No  XVI.)  "  Jt^annes  de  Dolais,  Thanus  de  Cromdale  anno  1367," 
(A[^ndix,  No  XX,)  and  Elizabeth,  daughter  and  heiress  of  Archi- 
Md  Dallas  of  that  Ilk,  with  consent  of  her  husband  Duncan  Fraser, 
in  1438,  di^oned  her  right  of  Dallas,  to  John  Dallas  of  Easter  Ford, 
her  uncle,  and  the  heir  male  of  that  family,  who,  in  exchange  of  his 
lands  in  the  south,  got  from  David  Earl  of  Crawford,  the  lands  of 
Bodzet  in  Calder  parish  anno  14^.  (Hi»t.  Kelr.)  This  barony 
had  been  long  the  property  of  Cummine  of  Altyre,  before  it  was 
sold  to  Sir  Ludovick  Gordon  of  Gordonstown,  in  the  end  of  the  last 
century.  Sir  Robert  Gordon,  by  ditching,  draining,  and  manuring* 
has  improved  this  place,  and  built  a  convenient  house,  adorned  with 
planting.  A  mile  north-west  from  the  church  is  Brenchil,  sometime 
the  property  of  Grant  of  Brenchil,  but  lately  of  Cummine  of  Craig- 
miln,  who,  about  anno  1752,  sold  it  to  James  Grant  of  Knockando. 
I  now  retam  to  the  mouth  of  the  river  Lossie. 

KENEDAR  PARISH. 

The  parish  of  Kenedar  (Ceari-edir,  i.  e.  a  pointy  betwixt  the  frith 
and  loch)  is  two  miles  in  length,  and  one  mile  in  breadth,  westward 
from  Lossiemouth,*  betwixt  the  frith  and  the  loch  of  Spynie.     The 


'  T^e  riay  of  l^wiemoalh  »  ttte  hwhonrof  flie  town  of  Elpn,  bdng  ptdiaaea  by  Bie  Magiatrmiiy 
■f  Elgin  m  tbr  ye«r  1GS6.  Ib  the  omvepuce,  it  i*  deKribed  m  ■  piece  of  wute  bBiren  niiBianiired 
iroond,  and  wm  Marly  BO  mim  of  nalcad  ^vel  and  Hwt,  witli  u  Rlloinuice  on  the  qu>Trie»  of  Ibe 

A   A 


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04  GEOGHAPH^    OF    MOBAT.  PART    IF. 

church  standeth  near  the  centre,  a  mile  east  from  DufiHs ;  two  and 
a-half  miles  almost  north  from  New  Spynie  ;  and  two  miles  and  a- 
half  north-west  from  St  Andrews.  At  the  moath  of  Lossie  is  a 
harbour,  but  so  barred  as  to  admit  only  small  craft.  It  is  the  pro- 
perty of  the  town  of  £lgin,  where  they  have  some  fishing'  boats. 
Next  thereto  are  the  lands  of  Kenedar,  granted  by  Patrick  Hep- 
bum,  Bishop  of  Moray,  to  the  Earl  of  Moray,  Regent,  and  pur- 
chased &om  that  family  by  the  Lord  Brodie.  Here  there  is  a  fishing 
of  white  fish  at  Stotfield.  West  from  Kenedar  is  Drainie,  once  the 
heritage  of  Innes  of  Drainie,  now  extinct,  from  whom  Sir  Robert 
Gordon  purchased  it  anno  1636,  as  he  did  in  1638,  the  adjacent  lands 
of  Ettles,  from  Innes  of  Patbnack.  and,  in  1639,  the  lands  of  Plow- 
lands,  Ougstown,  and  Bellormine.  from  the  Marquis  of  Huntly. 
Here  is  a  fine  seat  called  Gordonstown,  and  a  large  modern  house, 
with  gardens,  ponds,  and  planting.  At  Cove-sea  there  is  a  good 
wbite'fishing^. 


Couknl,  for  (be  restricted  purpose  of  building  and  upboldiog  the  pier,  and  for  the  a 
quisite  for  tbe  ttnni  of  LoBsiemoulh  ;  for  which  the  commuDit;  became  bound  to  pay  yearly  £3,  la.  "Ji, 
(ubjecthig  the  iuhabitaulB  of  Lossiemonth  to  be  poinded  (or  any  arrears  that  may  be  iQcurred ;  uid  to 
the  cpurtsof  the  superior,  whiefa  be  may  bold  eitber  in  the  town  or  at  tbe  bum  of  Kenedar,  for  aay  riot 
happening  either  among  themselves  or  with  tbe  superior's  teoaiUs  of  the  barony ;  and  to  send  a  Burgess 
of  Elgin  yearly  to  tbe  Head  Court,  upon  the  first  Thursday  after  Micbaelmas,  to  answer  in  their  name  i 
and  la  allow  tbe  accommodatloD  of  the  harbour  to  all  ships  and  Gshing  boats  appertaiajng  to  the  supe- 
rior, or  fiei^ted  by  any  merchant  upon  his  aecountf  or  enployed  by  him  for  exportation  or  importa- 
tion, without  payment  of  any  dues  to  tbe  community.  Besides  irregular  streets  fronting  towards  tbe 
tea,  the  (own  is  laid  ost  into  four  princq)al  streets,  at  right  angles  to  the  shores  each  42  ieet  wide,  and 
commodious  lanes  cutting  acroaa  the  streets,  equal  to  half  Iheir  breadth,  with  a  handsome  square  and 
cms  in  the  midsU  There  are  175  feus  marked  ott  on  the  plan,  each  120  by  ISO  feet,  granted  for  tbr 
duty  of  5s.  eacji;  bat  many  renuun  to  be  taken,  and  many  that  have  been  granted  are  not  yet  bailt ; 
but  a  number  also  of  handsome  bonses  of  two  and  three  stories,  containing  more  than  SOO  inhabitants, 
have  been  erected.  'Hie  hnrbonr  Is  sufficiently  commodious  for  reuela  about  80  tcms  burdm.  The 
commnnity  say,  that,  prior  to  tbe  year  I7S0,  £1200  Sterling  bad  been  expended  in  the  formation  of  (he- 
quy ;  since  that  tidke,  a  pier  opposite  on  tbe  other  side  the  river,  for  clearing  out  the  sand  off  die  bar 
has  been  erected  at  the  expense  ttf  £3000  Sterling,  from  the  funds  of  tbe  town.  aUad  by  ptivaU  Mb- 
■criplion,  and  a  donation  of  £200  Sterling  from  tbe  Convention  of  Boroughs. 


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FART  lU  GEOORAPHY   OF    MORAY.  OS 

THE  FAMILY  OF  GORDONSTOWN. 

Sir  Robert  Gordon,  the  &st  of  CiordoDstowii,  was  second  son  <^ 
Alexander  I5th  Earl  of  Sutherland.  He  was  a  gentleman  mncb 
and  deservedly  respected.  In  the  year  1606,  he  was  made  Gentle- 
man of  the  King;*a  Bed-chamber,  with  a  pension  of  two  hundred 
pounds  for  life.  In  the  year  1634,  he  was  appointed  one  of  the 
liorda  of  the  Privy  Council  of  King  Charles  I.,  and  by  the  Parlia- 
ment, 1642,  was  made  a  Privy  Counsellor  for  K1^.  He  married, 
anno  1613,  Louisa,  only  child  of  John  Gordon,  Lord  of  Glenluce,. 
and  Dean  of  Salisbury,  by  whom  be  had  Ludovick,  bis  heir,  Ro- 
bert, ancestor  of  the  Gordons  of  Clunie,  and  two  daughters ;  Catha- 
rine, married  to  Colonel  David  Barclay  of  Urie  by  whom  she  wafE 
mother  of  the  ingenious  author  of  the  Apology  for  the  Quakers  i 
and  Jean,  married  to  Sir  Alexander  Mackenzie  of  CouU.  (3)  Sir 
Ludovick  Gordon  of  Gordonstown,  Baronet,  succeeded  his^fiither 
Sir  Robert,  anno  1656.  He  married  Elizabeth,  duighter  and  co- 
heiress of  Sir  Robert  Farquhar  ci  Monie,  by  whom  he  had  Robert 
his  heir,  and  three  daughters ;  Lacy,  married  first  to  Robert  Cum- 
mine  of  Altyre ;  secondly,  to  Alexander  Dunbar  of  Moye ;  Katha- 
rine married  to  Thomas  Dunbar  of  Grange ;  and  Elizabeth  married 
to  Robert  Dunbar  of  Westfield.  They  all  bad  issue.  (3)  Sir  Ro- 
bert Gordon  succeeded  his  father  Sir  Ludovick.  By  his  Lady,  Eli- 
zabeth, only  daughter  of  Sir  William  Dunbar  of  Hemprigs,  he 
had  Sir  Robert  his  heir,  and  a  daughter,  Lucy,  married  to  David 
Scott  of  Scotstarvet,  Esq.  (4)  Sir  Robert  succeeded  his  father, 
anno  1701.  He  married  Agnes,  only  daughter  of  Sir  WiiKam 
Maxwell  of  Calderwood,  by  whom  he  had  two  sons,  Robert  and 
William,  and  a  daughter.  Christian,  who  died  young.  (5)  Sir  Ro- 
bert Gordon,  the  fifth  Baronet  of  Gordonstown,  succeeded  his  &- 
ther.  Sir  Robert ;  and  is  now  represented  by  Sir  James  Gordon  of 
Letterfoury. 


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99  9]^QaitAPI)lY  QV  UO»AY.  PAVT  If- 

Arms  of  the  femily  of  Gh^oastovn*     Qu^rterif  Ist  and  4kh 

gfand  quarters^  the  quartered  coat  of  Gordon,  2d  and  3d  Gules* 
three  stars  Or.  all  within  a  border  of  &e  last.  In  the  centre  of  the 
shield  the  badge  of  Nova  Scotia.  Crest,  a  eat,  a  mountain  saliant, 
argent,  armed  azure.  Motto,  SANS  CRAINTE.*  Si^porters,  on 
the  dexter,  a  deer  hound  argent,  collared  Gules,  and  thereon  three 
buckles  Or ;  and  in  the  sinister,  a  savage  wreathed  about  the  head 
and  middle,  with  laurel  proper. 

In  the  year  1631,  Sir  William  Alexander  of  Menatry,  undertook 
to  plant  a  colony  in  Nova  Scotia,  in  North  America,  and  was  joined 
in  that  undertaking  by  the  £arls  Marshal,  Melrose,  and  Nidisdide, 
Viscount  Dupplin,  and  the  Lairds  of  Lochinvar,  Lesttaore,  Clunle, 
and  Gordonstnwn.  For  their  encouragement  the  King  granted 
them  severally,  large  districts  of  land  in  that  country,  uid  pro- 
posed to  create  a  new  title  of  honour  that  should  be  hereditary. 
This  Order  was  erected  in  1625,  and  Sir  Robert  Gordon  is  the  first 
Kjiight'of  it,  whose  patent  beareth  date  at  Whitehdl^  the  38th  May^ 
1635. 

KNIGHTS-BARONETS. 

Having  perused  this  Patent,  I  shall  set  dQwn  the  Honours  an4 
Privileges  granted  lo  Knigkt^-Saronets  in  Scotland,  and,  (1)  In 
all  writings  they  are  styled  Knights  and  Baronets.  (3)  In  address- 
ing them  they  are  called  Sir.  (3)  Their  wives  hfltve  the  honour  of 
Lady.  (4)  They  have  the  precedency  of  all  Knights,  Laird^ 
Esquires,  and  Gentlemen,  except  the  King's  Commissioners,  Coun- 
sellors, and  Knights  Bannerets,  dubbed  iq  the.  field  of  war  under 
the  royal  standard,  r^epreeente.  (The  Order  of  the  Thistle,  or  St 
Andrew,  was  not  revived  at  that  time.)    (5)    Their  wives,  sons* 


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Pawt  it,  ^boohapBy  or  mokat.  '^ 

daug^hter^  and  sons*  ^ves>  liaVe  precedency  as  themselTes  havk 
(6)  Their  eldest  sons^  when  twenty-one  yeafs  of  tige,  in  their  &- 
ther's  life,  shaU  receive  Uie  boaonr  of  Kai^htbood.  if  they  ask  it; 
upon  paying-  only  the  fees  of  the  servants.  (7)  In  royal  armies, 
tikey  «baU  have  place  taear  to  the  royal  ^andard.  (8)  No  other  de- 
j^ree  of  hdnoar  sbidl  ev^  be  cheated  betwixt  ^em  and  Lords,  nob 
uiy  degree  «qudi  to  them,  and  inferidr  to  Lords.  (&)  The  honour 
is  by  pf^nt  ander  the  Great  Seal,  and  hereditary  as  that  of  Peer> 
•ge.  (10)  There  shall  not  be  in  Scotland,  at  any  one  time,  m<^ 
tban  150  sech  Koig^hte.  (II)  They  may  bear  th«  arms  of  Nova 
Scotia  in  a  Caoton  or  Shield  of  pretence ;  and  the  i^me  enamelled 
«a*o  w^  medal  of  gold  Mi  tbeir  breasts,  bang^i^  at  a  broad  wanj^ 
riband  round  tbeir  necks;  as, -by  royal  warrant,  (Appendix,  No  Lilt.) 
from  King- Charles  I.,  dated  at  Whitehall,  17th  November,  10S9,  and 
recorded  in  the  Lord  Lyon's  Begiiters.  (12)  They  ate  allowed' 
two  gentlemen  asnstants  of  their  bbdy,  ad  ntpportandum  velamen  ; 
and  at  tbcir  ftmerals  they  are  allowed  one  princi|HJ  mdumer,  and 
foor  asnstants. 

Besides  these  priTiIeg;eB,.  cnnmon  to  the  Order>  Sir  RobeH  Gor^ 
dtei's  patent  beartth,  that  be  is  the  First  Knight  in  tiie  Order,  and 
ttat  no  one  has  had,  or  eter  shall  have,  the  precedency  of  him^. 
And  be  bad  16,000  ac^es  of  land  in  Nova  Scotia  disponed  to  him 
and  his  heirs,  with  ample  privileges.  The  like  privileges  had  also 
Ae  rest  of  the  Baronets,  till  the  fVench  took  possession  of  that 
proTince  t  after  which  there  is  no  mention  of  limds  in  any  of  the 
{Mitents. 

The  arms  of  this  Order  are,  an  Escutcbeon  argent,  ehai^^  with 
a  saltire,  Az.  The  field  and  Cross  of  St  Andrew,  the  tinctures 
ceooterchMiged,  and  thereon  the  royal  arms  of  Scotland*  with  a^ 
Imperial  crown  above  this  last  Shield.     Motto,  FAX  M£NTIS 

9  B 


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W  GEoaBAPUY  OP    HOBAT.  pABT   If. 

HONESTY  GLORIA  *   Jhi^i,  without  the  motto,  may  be  placeil 
in  a  Canton,  or  a  Shield  in  Surtout. 

THE  PARISH  OF  DUFFUS. 

The  Parish  of  DuflVis  (Dubk-vis,  i.  e.  Black  or  Stagnating  water) 
lieth  west  of  Kenedar,  between  the  Loch'  of  Spynie  and  the  sea.  It 
exfendeth  about  three  miles  from  east  to  west,  and  one  mile  from 
south  to  north.  The  church  standeth  in  the-east  end,  a  mile  wedtoif 
Kenedar,  one  and  a-half  mile  north-west  of  New  Spynie,  and  three 
miles  north-east  of  Alves.  The  whole  parish  (except  a  small  feu 
pertaining  to  Sutherland  of  Keam)  is  tbe  property  of  the  Duke  of 
Gordon,  Sir  Robert  Gordon  of  Gordonstown,  and  of  Alexander 
Dunbar  of  Thunderton.  This  last  baa  far  the  g;reater  share,  and 
resides  here.  His  seat  is  close  by  the  church  :  The  house  is  neat, 
convenirat,  and  well  finished ;  and  the  gardens,  avenues,  and  eu'- 
closures,  are  well  laid  out.  A  half  mile  south-east  stood  tbe  house 
and  fort  of  Old  Duiius,  {  Vide  Military  History),  and  two  miles  west 
is  Burgk-head,  a  remarkable  Danish  Fort,  (Vide  Military  History.) 
Close  by  which  is  the  village  of  the  Burgh-Sea,  where  Gordonslo\vn 
and  Thunderton  have  a  good  fishing  of  white  fish,  upon  which  the 
town  of  Elgin  have  a  servitude,  whereby  the  fish  must  be  brought 
to  their  market  Here  about  300  people  live  by  fishing ;  and  have 
BO  com  land,  and  little  garden  ground.  At  this  village  there  is  a 
good  harbour  for  small  craft.  And  I  cannot  but  observe,  that  the 
people  on  the  coast  westward  having  plucked  up  the  bent-grass  on 
some  small  hills,  the  loose  sand  is  driven  so  thick  by  the  west  wind, 
Uiat  much  land  in  Duffus  and  Gordonstown  has  been  covered  by  it : 
But,  of  late  years,  there  has  not  been  much. hurt  done  in  this  way, 
the  Strata  on  these  hills  becoming  probably  more  firm,  and  the  sand- 

*  Wetj  b  th»  toreb  of  u  bowanibla  ^Irlt. 


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PART    II.  6E0GRAPUY    OF   MORAY.  99 

ed  land  is  again  tilled.  In  this  parish  there  is  much  free  stone,  and 
rich  qaarries  of  lime  atone.  Before  I  describe  the  south  aide  of  the 
Loch  of  Spynie,  I  shall  take  a  view  of  the  ancient 

MORAYS  OF  DUFFUS: 

Dufins  gave  title  to  a  noble  Lord,  but  is  more  remarkable  for 
having  been  the  seat  of  the  principal  family  of  the  ancient  Moravi- 
enses.  (1)  Friskious,  styled  De  Moravia,  (^qt  particular  sirnamea 
were  not  at  that  time  fixed)  was  Dominus  de  Duffus,  in  the  reign  of 
King  David  I.  (Chart.  Morav.)  His  son  (3)  Willielmug  2>e  3/brarta 
Filius  Friskini  had  a  charter  from  King  William,  about  anno  1169, 
of  the  lands  of  Duffus,  Rossile,  Kintrae,  Inskele,  SiC.  "  Quag  terras, 
Patef  8UUS  Friskinus  tenuit  tempore  Regis  David  Avi  mei/'*  (Ibid.) 
He  had  several  sona;  as  Hugh  his  heir,  mentioned  in  a  charter  by 
Richard  Bishop  of  Moray,  to  the  Abbey  of  Kinloss,  (Jbid.)  Hug^i 
is  supposed  to  have  been  ancestor  of  the  Sutherlands,  who  dropt  the 
name  De  Moravia,  and  assumed  a  sirname  from  their  country,  for 
both  Sutherland  and  Caithness .  were  anciently  called  Cataneaia, 
afterwards  divided  into  AvMralis  and  Sorealis ;  Sir  John,  Sheriff 
of  Perthshire,  the  undoubted  progenitor  of  the  family  of  Tullibardine, 
represented  in  the  direct  male-line  by  his  Grace  the  Duke  of  Athole, 
who  is  the  twentieth  generation  in  descent  from  this  Sir  John ; 
Willielmus  Uliua  Willielmi  Friskini,  Dominus  de  Pettie,  Brachlie 
and  Boharm,  and  father  of  Walter  of  Pettie,  of  whom  came  Sir  An- 
drew Moray,  Lord  of  Bothwell,  Governor  of  Scotland,  who  died 
anno  1338;  and  Sir  John  de  Moravia,  whose  representative  in  the 
right  male-line  is  Mr  Moray  of  Abercairny ;  Andrew,  Bishop  of 
of  Moray;  Gilbert.  Bishop  of  Caithness ;  and  Richard  of  Coulhin. 
^)   Hugh   was  father  of  Walterus  de   Moravia,   filius  quondam 

•  Which  Undi  hk  AitlMr  FrUiM  held  ta  Qm  rrign  olmj  father  King  D4v}d. 


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Jiugoniede  ]^oTftTia,,so.cft1led  ip  ap  i^greemeo^  9090  188Q,  nith 
^urcitiliftld,  iQishop  of  Moray,  fibput^  part  of  the  woodimd  aaoot  ef 
Spynie.  His  son  FriskiQas  filius  Watt^  (Ibid)  b»d-two  dimgh- 
ters,  co-heiresses,  viz.  Helen,  married  to  Sir  Reynold  Cheyne,  and 
Christine,  married  to  William  de  Federe^.  "The  &mily  of  Cheyne 
of  I)u0us  ended  likewise  in  two  dai^g^ters ;  viz.  Mary,  married  to 
Nichpl^  Satheiiand,  second  son  of  Kenneth,  Earl  of  Sutherland, 
who  was  killed  at  Hallidon  hill,  anno  1333,;  and  the  other  dau^^hter 
married  to  John  Keith,  younge^  son  to  Sir  Edward  K^ithj  Mar- 
shall of  Scotlaod,  and  with  her  got  Inveriigie  landa  in  Buchan, 
and  a  part  of  Duffiis.  Thas  Duffus  was  divided  into  the  Kill's 
part,  Duffas'  part,  and  Marshall's  part  Alexander  Sutbetland, 
grandson  of  Nicholas,  married  Morella,  the  heiress  ctf  Chisholm  oS 
Quarrelwood,  which  greatly  increased  his  fortune ;  and  the  family 
purchased  Marshall's  third,  and  had  an  opulent  estate.  Alexander, 
Uie  fifth  in  descent  from  him,  was  raised  to  the  thgnity.  <^  the  Peer- 
"gc>  hy  the  title  of  Lord  Duiliis,  by  King  Charles  II.,  8th  Decem- 
ber, 1650.  James,  the  second  Lord,  who  died  anoo  1705>,  sold  the 
greatest  part  of  the  estate  to  Archibald  Dunbar  of  Thnnderton,  a 
branch  of  the  family  ■  of  Kilbniak  and  Hempriggs,  whose  grand- 
nephew  now  enjoyeth  it.  Kenneth,  thjrd  Lord  Duffiis,  who  was  a 
Commander  in  the  Royal  Navy  in  Queen  Anne's  time,  in  which  sta- 
tion he  signalized  himself  in  several  engagements,  had  the  miffw'- 
tune  to  enter  into  the  rebellion,  anno  171d,  and  was  attainted.  His 
jgrandson,  James  Sutherland,  Esq.,  the  forfeiture  having  been  re- 
cently taken  off,  is  now  the  fifth  Lord  Duffus. 

The  original  arms  of  Moray  are,  Az.  3  stars.  Arg.  And  <rf  Su- 
therland, Gule,  3  stars.    Or. 

Anus  of  the  fiimily  of  Lord  Duffus.  Quarterly,  1st  and  4th, 
Gules,  three  stars.  Or.  Sd,  Azure,  three  cross  crosslets  fitched.  Ar- 
gent. 3d,  Azure,  a  boar's  head  erazed.  Argent.  Crest,  a  Cat  Se- 
jant proper.    Motto.  WITHOUT  FEAR.     Supporters,  two  Sa-' 


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PAKT  II.  QBOait.iPUy  OP  horay.  101 

vages  prefer,  each  armed  with  a  battoD  over  his  shoulder,  and  wreath- 
ed about  the  head  and  middle.  Vert. 

THE  PARISH  OF  SAINT  ANDREWS. 

St  Andrews  pariah  lieth  north  of  die  town  of  Elgin,  on  both  sides 
of  the  river  Lossie,  about  two  and  a-half  miles  in  leng-tb,  and  near 
a  mile  in  breadth.  The  church  standeth  on  the  north  bank  of  the 
river,  one  and  a-half  mite  east  from  Elgin,  and  two  miles  E.  S.  E. 
from  New-Spynie.  This  parish  was  formerly  called  the  Barony  of 
SJlmalemnock,  and  was  the  heritage  of  Sir  Gilbert  Hay  of  the  fa- 
mily of  Lochloy  OT  Park ;  afterwards  it  came  to  the  family  of  Innea. 
And  Alexander  of  Inues  having  killed  a  gentleman  on  the  street  of 
Edinburgh,  anno  1576,  purchased  a  remission  from  the  Regent; 
'Morton,  at  the  expense  of  resigning  this  Barony  (which  compre- 
hended Pitgavenie,  Bare6athills,  Dnnkintie,  Kirktown,  Fosterseat, 
and  Scotstownhill]  in  his  favour  {M.S.  HiH.  of  Imtea.)  Eastof  tiie 
river,  at  the  lower  end,  is  Inch,  pertaining  to  the  family  oi  Innes. 
Above  which  is  Ihinkintie.  which  once  belonged  to  Alexander  Gor- 
don, son  of  Alexander  of  Strathdon.  who,  with  his  two  sons,  was  kill- 
ed in  Glenavon,  by  a  party  of  thieves,  about  anno  16  ,  and  the  lands 
came  to  the  family  of  Gordon.  Dunkintie  is  now  the  heritage  of 
John  lones  of  the  &mily  of  Leucbars ;  and  Fosterseat  is  the  pro- 
perty of  the  IKike  of  Gordon.  Farther  south  is  Barmuckitie,  lately 
pertaining  to  a  branch  of  the  Dunbars,  and  now  to  George  Xhiff, 
Esq.,  third  son  of  Uie  late  Earl  of  Fife.  Above  which  is  Linkwood, 
which  pertained  to  the  Gibsons,  from  whom  it  came  to  Dunbar  of 
Brabopmiln,  whose  nephew,  John  Dunbar  of  Burgie,  sold  it  lately 
to  James  Anderson,  Provost  of  Elgin,  and  his  son,  Robert,  sold  it 
in  1767,  to  the  Earl  of  Findlater. 

West  of  the  river,  at  the  lower  end,  is  Pitgavenie,  a  part  <rf  the 
Bishop's  lands.     It  was  purchased  by  Alexander  Brodie  of  Lethin, 

2  C 


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S02  GEOGRAPHY   OF    MORAY.  PART   II. 

who,  in  1657,  dispooed  it  in  favour  of  a  younger  son ;  and  the  male 
heirs  failing,  it  was  purchased,  in  1747,  from  the  co-heiresses,  by 
Alexander  Bremner,  merchant  in  Portsoy,  from  whom  James  Bran- 
der  bought  it. 

Next  above  it  is  Caldcotts,  Kirktown,  and  a  part  of  Newmiln, 
pertaining  to  Innes  of  Dunkintie;  the  other  part  of'NewmiUi  be- 
longeth  to  William  King  of  Newmihi.*     Next  westward  is, 

THE  PARISH  OF  SPYNIE. 

The  parish  of  Spynie  is  situated  betwixt  the  river  of  Lossie,  and 
that  Loch  to  which  it  giveth  name.  It  was  formerly  three  miles  in 
length ;  but  now,  by  drains  and  banks,  it  is  much  confined.  At  the 
east  end  it  is  near  an  English  mile  broad,  but  narrower  and  of  un- 
equal breadth  westward.  It  abounds  with  Pykas  or  Geds,  and  is 
in  winter  haunted  by  Swans,  that  yield  fine  diversion  in  killing  Uiem. 
The  Loch  (except  a  few  pits)  in  summer  is  not  above  five  feet  deep, 
and  might  be  easily  drained,  could  the  gentlemen  proprietors  agree 
about  the  rich  soil  that  would  be  recovered.   Hie  hard  shingly  beach 


*  The  Parishes  of  St  Andivws  and  Lhuibrrd  were  united  in  tbe  year  1780,  and  tbowe  bear  (be  name 
of  tbe  Fariih  of  St  Andiews  LhanbrTd.  A  few  yean  thereafter,  the  Parish  Church  was  built  morecom- 
modioDi  for  a  brger  number  in  fceneral  of  the  people,  than  tbe  two  Old  Churches  were  for  their  mftc- 
tive  cangregations.  TbeScbootsalsoweiie,by  the  sanction  of  tbe  Proprietors  and  tbe  Presbyteny,  united 
into  one  Parochial  School  in  the  Ticinity  of  the  (%urch.  Tlie  Glebe  lands  baring  been  also,  with  the 
requisite  legal  fbnnalittes,  exchanged,  the  parsonage,  now  named  Uiaubryd  Manse,  has  been  provided 
In  a  very  neat  and  commodious  style. 

Pi^Teuie  House,  with  its  extensive  domain,  tbe  property  of  John  Brander,  Esq.,  is  (be  only  ftmily 
seat  in  the  Paririi.  The  building  !s  a  modem  handsome  fabric  of  four  lofty  stories,  having  the  roof 
nusrd  in  a  double  ri^e  within  the  battlement,-— tbe  front  is,  with  the  ek^ance  of  architectnre,  con- 
Itleted,~tlie  aj^roach  winds  through  a  grore  along  a  gentle  declivity  between  (he  orchard  and  gasden  ; 
the  extensive  level  fields  beyond  are  enclosed  and  sheltered  by  thriving  woodlands,  baring  the  river 
Lassie  wbdiiq  tfaraugh  tbe  eastern  quarter— the  aeigfabouripg  city  of  Elgin  smokes  bdiind  an  inlw- 
nning  green  hill  on  the  west — the  blue  mountains  of  Sntherland  skirt  the  northern  boriaoa~— tbft 
Mony  Frith  rolls  its  aiui«  waves  along  their  dusky  bottom ;  and  other  interesUng  ejects  Mnttibut« 
to  tbe  hcanty  of  the  landscape  on  every  dde  arantid. 


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PAlfT    II.  GEOGRAPHY    OF    HORAV.  ]0S 

at  the  east  end,  makes  it  probable  that  once  the  sea  flowed  into  th« 
Loch.* 

This  pansh  atretcheth  about  three  miles  from  east  to  west^  and 
one  mile  in  breadth.  The  Church  stood  in  the  extremity  to  the 
east,  and,  anno  1736,  was  transplanted  to,  and  built  at,  Quarrelwood, 
and  called  New-Spynie.  It  is  one  mile  and  a-half  north-west  from 
Elgin,  td>out  three  miles  east  from  Alves,und  two  miles  west-north- 
west of  St  'Andrews.  This  parish  was  most  part  Bishop's  land,  and 
in  the  east  comer,  on  the  bank  of  the  Loch  of  Spynie,  stood  the 
Bishop's  palace.  In  1590,  Sir  Alexander  Ijndsay,  son  of  the  £ar1 
of  Crawford,  was  created  Lord  Spynie,  whose  grandson  dying,  1670. 
without  issue,  the  lands  reverted  to  ^e  Crown,  and  were  granted  to 
Douglas  of  Spynie,  from  whom  the  Barony  was  purchased  by  James 
Brodie,  late  of  Whitehill,  and  is  now  the  property  of  James  Brodie, 
his  grandson.  But  tibe  castle  and  precinct  (paying  about  £12  Ster- 
ling annually)  belong  to  tbe  Crown. 


*  Tlie  L«ke  of  Spynie,  spread  orer  2,400  imperial  acim,  has  been  almoet  wbellf  diaduuged  ainca 
alxmt  the  yen  KIO,  hy  kOnial  opined  ftom  about  thelerel  of  the  ebb  io  thehurbeurof  LoMleuonthf 
far  nearly  4,000  yards  np  intu  the  middle  of  its  bottontf  at  the  cost  of  about  £7,000  for  the  labeur,  and 
nearlybnirBSDiuchmDrefbr  the  professional  cost  of  the  Lair,  which,  it  is  believed,  was  scarcely  taken 
into  oonsideTatton  by  tbe  Proprietors  when  fimnlng  thrir  concert  fi>r  the  dntinage.  This  great  Canal 
was  rompleted  at  the  nnifonn  breadth  of  15  feet  alang  its  bottom;  witb  the  slope  oifaie  and  a-faalf  feet 
far  eadi  faot  of  the  perpendkuUr  depth  opened  tbroogh  the  highest  Inter* euJDg  ground  to  Ibe  widenea 
of  \f2  feet,  varying  with  the  depression  of  the  graund  towards  the  level  both  of  the  lake  and  of  the  sea. 
Long  stretches  of  other  narrower,  yet  costly,  drains,  even  beymd  the  whole  length  of  &o  lake,  and 
aen«s  also  to  either  side,  were  found  rcquitite  for  its  cultivation,  which,  for  nearly  40  aerea  of  the  lowest 
grmind,  b  yet  hicomplele,  being  rather  a  marsh  now  than  a  lake— diiuugh  wfaicb,  however,  the  Tom- 
pike  road  from  Elgin  to  Its  port  has  been,  in  the  moet  substantial  fbrm,  rwsed. 

The  Froprieton  have  (bus  respectively  acquired  addition  to  their  land*.  It  is  believed,  however,  at 
a  dearer  rate  than  (bey  could  have  purchased  an  equal  Rent-roll  of  dry  land  in  ancient  cnldralkm. 
VUle  the  Gcd'flsh,  the  Eels,  the  Wild  Oeese,  and  the  Swans,  are  dispossessed  by  kdoien  of  the  dwell. 
1^^  of  the  Elect,  in  the  requisite  d^oymenls  of  life. 

It  lias  been  eompnted,  that,  if  the  profeSNonal  cost  of  Law  Interference  could  be  avoided,  and  as  eon 
Lock  at  die  sea  would  only  be  required,  diat  the  Canal  eonld  be  now  rendered  nav%able  at  each  flow  of 
the  tide,  for  the  laigest  track  boats,  to  irithin  one  mile  of  the  town,  instead  of  seven  miles  new  of  land 
(Sffriage  from  its  bnrboiir,  at  less  than  the  flnt  cost  only,  which  the  labour  of  the  Canal  reqnlTod, 


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X04  QEOQRAPHY    OT  MORAY.  PAHT   I/. 

Next  westward  is  Myreside,  which  lately  pertained  to  Laurence 
Sutherland  of  Greenhall,  and  was  purchased  from  him  by  the  Earl 
of  Findlater.  Farther  west  is  Findrasaie,  the  property  of  a  branch  of 
the  family  of  Lesly  of  Rothes,  the  first  of  which  was  Robert,  fourth 
•on  of  George  fifth  Earl  of  Rothes,  by  Margaret^  -daughter  of  tb«- 
Lord  Crichton,  Chancellor  of  Scotland.  Robert' was  succeeded  in 
his  lands  of  Findrassie,  by  his  eldest  son  Robert;  who,  by  Margaret; 
daughter  of  Alexander  Dunbar  of  Grange,  a  Lord  of  Sessiiw,  bad 
Robert  his  successor,  who  married  Isabel,  daughter  of  Forbes  of 
Blackston,  by  whom  he  bad  George,  fourth  of  this  family.  Laird  of 
Findrassie,  who  married  Mary,  daughter  of  Bannerman  of  Elsick» 
but  died  without  issue.  I  shall  not  dip  into  the  question,  who  was 
the  true  heir  of  Earl  George,  after  the  disinheriting  Uie  eldest  son 
Norman ;  whether  Andrew,  who  succeeded,  or  the  first  mentioned 
Robert  of  Findrassie,  for  whom  much  may  be  said. 

Westward  is  Quarrelwood,  so  caUed  from  a  rich  Quarry  oi  free 
stone  in  the  adjacent  hill,  which  was  once  covered  with  a  large  oak 
wood,  whereof  there  are  yet  some  remains.  In  the  year  1334,  Sir 
Robert  Lauder  of  Quarrelwood  was  Governor  <^  the  Castle  of 
Urquhart  (Abercrombie.)  His  grandson,  by  his  daughter  and  heir. 
Sir  Robert  Chisholm,  succeeded  him,  whose  sister.  Janet,  was  mar- 
ried to  Hugh  Rose  of  Kilravok.  anno  1334,  (M.S.S.  Hint.  Kiir.J 
And  John,  brother  to  Sir  Robert,  succeeding  in  the  estate,  his  grand 
daughter  (heiress  to  his  son  Robert)  married  Alexander  Sutherland 
of  Ihiffus,  and  brought  Quarrelwood,  Kinsterie,  Brightmonie,  &c. 
into  that  family.  Now  Quarrelwood  and  its  pertinents  are  the  pro- 
perty of  the  Earl  of  Fife.  Below  Quarrelwood  is  Kintrae  (Cean- 
traidh,  i.  e.  the  Head  of  the  Strand  or  Shore,  for  it  was  the  end  of 
the  Loch)  a  part  of  the  estate  of  Duffus,  now  pertaining  to  the  Duke 
of  Ciordon.  On  Lossie-side  is  Bisbopmiln  Barony,  purchased  by 
James  Roberteon,  late  Provost  of  Elgin,  from  John  Dunbar  of 
Burgie,  about  1752,  and  the  late  Earl  of  Findlater  purchased  Mhom 


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PART   II.  GKOOKAP^IY  <pF   UOMAYr.  Utt 

Mr  BobertsoD.  Next  up  the  river  is  Moraysta^rn,  purchased  by 
Lord  Braco,  in  1756,  from  the  heirs  and  creditors  <^  Martin  of 
Moraystown.  And  farther  up  the  river  is  Aldruehtie,  probably  a 
partof  theestateof  Quarrelwood,  and,  for  g:enerations,  pertaining;  to 
Nurn  of  Aldruchtie,  but  now  to  the  Earl  of  Fife. 

Below  Quarreiwood,  on  the  plain  next  to  Dutfus,  isWestBeld,  the 
deat  of  Sir  William  Dunbar  of  Westfield,  from  whose  son-in-law. 
Captain  'I'horoas  Dunbar*  Sir  Ludovick  Grant  of  Grant,  purchased 
the  Bwony  of  Westfield,  and  his  lands,  about  Forres,  anno  1767. 
The  inentiou  of  the  family  of  Westfield,  leads  roe  to  speak  of 

THE  DUNBARS. 

The  name  of  Dunbar  is  plainly  patroniniic,  taken  from  Bar,  their 
prog;enitor,  and  Dunbar  is  Bar's-hill.  The  hig:hlander8  do  not  use 
the  word  Dunbar,  but  Barridh,  i.  e.  the  descendants  of  Bar.  Our 
history  favours  this,  and  mentions  Bar,  a  general  in  King-  Kenneth 
M'Calpin's  army,  about  anno  843,  who,  from  his  name,  called  his 
residence  Dunbar.  In  the  battles  of  Cullen>  anno  961,  and  Mort- 
lich.  anno,  1010,  Dunbar,  Thane  of  Lothian,  was  a  commander. 
Earl  Patrick  de  Dunbar  lived  about  anno  1061  {Bvchan  Sf  Hume.J 
And,  anno  1072,  King  Malcolm  III.  gave  to  Gospatrick,  Earl  of 
Northumberland,  "  Dunbar  cum  adjacentibus  terris  in  Lo<lonio."* 
(Sim.  Dunelm.) 

Of  him  came  the  noble  family  of  the  Earls  of  Donbar  and 
March,  in  a  direct  line,  to  the  year  1434,  when  Earl  George  was, 
in  an  arbitrary  manner,  forfeited,  and  Ihe  direct  line  became  exUnct» 
through  the  ambition  of  the  rival  house  of  Douglas.  Of  this  great 
family  came  the  Homes,  Dundasses,  &c. ;  but  the  name  was  conU- 
nued  in  the  family  of  Moray. 

*  DuaW,  wia  iba  a^bmriag  Iradi  b  l^DtUu. 

3  D 


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lOfi  GEOGBAPHY    OF    MORAY,  PART  II. 

John  Dunbar,  (second  son  of  George,  eleventh  £ar]  of  March/, 
who  died  anno  1416,  whose  mother  Was  Ag:nes  Randolph,  daughter 
of  Thomas,  Earl  of  Moray,)  married  King  Robert  II.'s  daughter,! 
who,  March  2,  (anno  regni  ^doj  1373,  gave  the  Earldom  of  Moray 
(except  Badenoch,  Lochal>er,  and  the  Castle  of  Crquhart)  "dilecto 
filio  nostro  Joanni  de  Dunbar  and  Mariotee  Sponsn  ejus  filiee  nostrte 
charissimse."*  (PuhL  Arch.)  Their  sons  were,  Earl  Thomas^  a:nd. 
Alexander  of  Frenderet.  Earl  Thomas,  leaving  no  male  issue,  was 
succeeded  by  his  nephew,  Earl  James,  son  of  Frenderet,  who  mar- 
ried, 1st,  Isabel,  daughter  of  Sir  Walter  Innesof  Innes,  who  hroiigl  t 
him  a  son,  Alexander ;  and  3dly,  Janet  Gordon,  daughter  of  Hunily, 
by  whom  he  had  Janet,  married  to  James,  second  Lord  Crichton, 
Lord  Chamberlain  of  Scotland  ;  and  £lizal>eUi,  married  to  Archi- 
bald, brother  to  the  Earl  of  Douglas.  Earl  James  died  about  anno 
1446,  and  his  son  ought  to  have  succeeded  him ;  but,  because  his 
mother,  Isabel  Innes,  who  stood  in  the  fourth  degree  to  her  husband, 
died  before  a  dispensation  was  obtained,  the  power  of  the  Douglasses 
got  Alexander  declared  illegitimate,  made  his  eldest  sister  renounce 
herrighU  and  Archibald  Douglas,  husband  of  the  younger  sister,  was 
made  Earl  of  Moray,  anno  1446.  Thus  was  Alexander,  son  of  Earl 
James,  unjustly  deprived ;  but  to  make  some  compensation  to  him,  ho 
was  Knighted,  made  heritable  SheriflP  of  Moray,  and  got  an  opulent 
estate.  And  Archibald  Douglas,  having  joined  in  his  brother's  re- 
bellion, was  slain  in  the  field  of  battle,  and  the  Earldom  of  Moray  - 
was  forfeited,  and  annexed  to  the  Crown,  anno  1455,  where  it  re- 
mained till  King  James  IV.  bestowed  it  on  his  bastard  son.  James, 
by  Jean,  daughter  of  John  Lord  Kennedy,  in  the  year  1501 ;  who 
dying  in  the  year  1544,  without  male  issue,  it  again  reverted  to  the 
Crown,  where  it  remained  till  February  10,  1563,  when  Queen 
Mary  conferred  it  on  her  base  brother,  James,  afterwards  Regeni 


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PJUtT  I|.  GBpORAPBY   OF    MORAY.  107 

wbose  eldest  daughter.  Lady  Elizabeth,  conveyed  it  to  her  husband, 
James  Lord  Down,  whose  issue  at  present  enjoy  it,  as  will  be  more 
fully  shown  afterwards. 

(I)  Sir  Alexander  Dunbar  of  WestSeld,  had,  by  Elizabeth  Suth- 
erland, daughter  of  Dufius,  six  sons  and  one  daughter;  viz.  first  Sir 
James ;  second.  Sir  John,  who,  by  marrying;  Margaret,  co-heiress  of 
Camnock,  obtained  the  lands  of  Mochrum,  and  of  him  is  descended 
Mochrum,  (Dal.  Col.p.  346j  Baldooa,  and  Grange;  third,  Alexander 
of  Kilbuiak.  represented  now  by  Alexander  Dunbar  of  Thundertou  ; 
fourth,  Gavin,  Bishop  of  Aberdeen;  fifth,  David  of  Durris,  which 
was  soldj  (uid  Grangehill  bought;  sixth,  Patrick,  of  whom  is  Dyke- 
side;  seventh,  Janet,  married  to  Keith  of  Inverugie;  and  of  her 
Marshall  and  Forbes  are  descended.-  (3)  Sir  James,  by  marrying 
Euphemia,  the  eldest  co-heiress  of  Cumnock,  obtained  that  Barony ; 
and  his  son  (3)  Sir  James,  by  a  daughter  of  Deskford,  had  (4)  Sir 
Alexander,  who  married  a  daughter  of  Leslie  of  Parkhill ;  and, 
dying  in  1576,  his  son  (5)  Patrick,  by  a  daughter  of  the  Earl  of 
Sutherland,  had  James  and  Patrick  of  Boghall ;  and,  dying  in  1577, 

(6)  James,  by  a  daughter  of  Carmichael  of  that  Ilk,  was  father  of 

(7)  Alexander,  who  left  no  male  issue ;  and  was  succeeded  by  (8) 
Alexander,  son  of  Patrick  of  Boghall,  (this  Patrick  of  Boghall, 
was  kilted  with  the  Earl  of  Moray,  at  Dunibristle,  anno  1593)  who 
bad  no  male  issue  ;  and  was  succeeded  by  his  brother  (9)  John,  who 
died  in  1622 ;  and,  by  a  daughter  of  Lovat,  had  (10)  Alexander,  who 
died  in  1646,  without  issue  ;  and  was  succeeded  by  his  brother  (11) 
Thomas,  who  married  a  daughter  of  Spence  of  Kirktown,  and  had 
by  her  (12)  Robert,  who,  J)y  a  daughter  of  Sir  Robert  of  Innes,  had 
Robert  and  Alexander  of  Moy,  and  died  anno  1661.  (13)  Robert, 
by  a  daughter  of  Gordonstown,  had  (14)  Alexander,  who  married  a 
daughter  of  Sir  James  Calder  of  Muirtown,  and  had  James,  Robert, 
aud  Elizabeth.  He  died  in  1703.  (15)  Jamesdied  in  1730,  unmar- 
ried, and  was  succeeded  by  his  brother  (16)  Robert,  who  died  in  1731 


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]0S  GBOORAPHY   OPHORAy.-  PUtT  II; 

abachelor;  and  was  succeeded  in  the  collateral  line,  by  (17)  Liidoricfci 
son  of  Alexander  of  Moy.  He  m\d  the  Sheriffship  to  the  Earl  rf. 
Moray,  and  disponed  the  estate  to  the  heir  of  line;  and,  dyings  in 
1744,  was  succeeded  by  (18)  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Alexander^ 
(No  XIV.)  She  married  Sir  William  Dunbar  of  HetaQ|»rigg:8,  iwin 
of  Sir  James  Sutherland,  second  son  of  James  Lord  Duffns,  and  Sir 
William  assumed  the  name  of  Dunbar ;  and  their  daughter  (19) 
Janet,  married  Captain  Thomas  Dunbar  of  Grangehill,  by  whom 
she  had  (30)  Alexander  and  other  children. 

THE  FAMILY  OF  DUNBAR  OF  THUNDERTON. 

Dunbar  of  Thunderton,  iu  the  parish  of  Duffus,  is  the  Representa- 
tive of  Dunbar  of  Kilbuiak,  as  mentioned  in  the  general  history  of 
the  name  of  Dunbar.  Kilbuiak  was  the  third  son  of  Dunbar  of 
Westfield,  who  was  only  son  of  James  fifth  Earl  of  Moray.  In  1763, 
6ir  Patrick  Dunbar  of  Hempriggs  and  Northfield  having  died  with- 
out male  issue,  the  title  of  Baronet  devolved  upon  Dunbar  of  Thun- 
derton, as  nearest  heir-male.  Alexander  Dunbar  of  Thunderton  was 
regularly  served  heir-male  to  sf^d  Sir  Patrick,  and  the  service  is  re- 
corded in  the  Sheriff-Court  book  of  Elgin.  This  Alexander  Dun- 
bar  (afterwards  Sir  Alexander)  married  Margaret,  daughter  of  John 
Viscount  of  Arhuthnot,  by  whom  he  had  issue.  Isl,  Jean,  married 
to  James  Coull,  Esq.  of  Ashgrove ;  3(1,  Archibald,  who  succeeded 
to  him  ;  3d,  Helen,  who  died  young;  4th,  John,  who  died,  an  officer 
in  the  Army.  Sir  Archibald,  who  succeeded,  married,  first,  Helen 
Penrose  Camming,  daughter  of  Sir  Alexander  Penrose  Cumming 
of  Altyre,  by  whom  he  hadissue.  lst,*Helen,  married  to  Robert 
Warden  of  Parkhill,  Stirlingshire ;  2d.  Margaret,  married  to  L.  Mac- 
intosh of  Raigmore;  3d,  Alexander,  who  died  young;  4th,  Jane,  mar- 
ried to  Rawdon  Forbes  Clavering,  Esq.,  Etoyal  Engineers;  5th, 
Georgina ;  6th,  Archibald,  an  officer  in  the  Army ;  7th,  JtAoi,  in 


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FKBT  n.  ttBOOKA]>HY   OF    MOk±it.  tt^ 

^tie  divil  Serrice  of  the  Ebst  India  Company,  ni&rned  to  Bfi^ 
Sophia  Hagfkr;  8th,  WiUiafb,  who  died  in  India;  dth,  Chaflea,  an 
officer  in  the  Eaat  India  Company^s  Service;  10th,  Louisa ;  llth, 
V-faoinas;  13th,  Emilia;  13tb,  Edward.  Sir  Archibald  married; 
§econ'dly,  Mary,  daiig^bter  of  John  Brander,  Esq.  of  PitgaTienie,  by 
whom  he  has  issne,  James  Brander  Dunbar. 

Arms,  Quarterly;  DUnbar  and  Randolph,  all  within  a  border, 
vary,  Gules  and  Or,  witii  a  Lion  rampant,  par  Surtont,  for  the  Barone- 
tage. Crest,  a  drawn  Sword  or  Key  cross.  Supporters,  on  the 
dexter,  a  Lion  rampant,. Ar^nt;  and,  on  the  Sinister,  a  Savag-e 
holding  a  Batton  over  his  shoulder,  proper.  ^HB  SP£  (under 
hope.) 

THE  PARISH  OF  ALVES. 

This  parish  lieth  to  the  West  of  Spynie,  extending-  three  miles 
firom  north  to  south,  and  as  much  from  east  to  west.  The  church 
standeth  near  the  centre,  four  miles  west  of  ^Ig'in,  above  two  miles 
west  of  Spynie,  and  above  two  miles  east  of  Kinloss.  The  south 
part  of  the  parish  stretcheth  along  the  hill  that  divideth  it  Irom  the 
Glen  of  PInscarden.  Here  the  lands  of  Cleves,  Monachtie,  and 
Anisk,  have  been,  for  above  a  hundred  years  past,  a  part  of  the 
estate  of  Brodie,  formerly  belonging  (as  they  were  church  lands)  to 
the  Earls  of  Moray,  since  the  reformation  of  religion.  In  the  middle 
of  the  parish,  to  the  east,'are  Newton  and  Ardgaoidb,  once  ft  part  of 
the  estate  of  Duflns,  now  the  property,  the  first  of  the  Earl  of  Fife, 
and  the  other  of  the  Duke  of  Gordon.  Next  westward  is  Alves,  per- 
taining to  the  Earl  of  Moray,  and  a  part  of  that  ancient  estate. 

Close  by  the  efaurch  is  Kirktown,  the  seat  of  Harry  Spence,  D.  D:, 
and  of  hifl  family,  for  several  generations.  West  from  which  is  Erh- 
side,  which  had  been  snccesuvely  the  heritage  of  the  Cummingf^ 
and  Mackehsnes  fn^  ^me  centuries;  and  nMv  is  the  property  of  Mr 

9  £ 


Digifeed  by  LjOOQIC 


110  OEOOBAPHY    OF    HOBAY.  PAST   II. 

Splice  of  Kirktown.  la  the  north  part  of  the  parish,  near  the 
coast,  is  Coltfield,  formerly  pertaining  to  William  Brodie,  grandsoa 
of  the  family  of  Brodie,  upon  whose  death  without  issue,  the  lands 
reverted  to  that  family,  and  now  they  are  the  property  of  James 
Brodie  of  Brodie,  and  of  Watson  of  Westerton.  Westward  is  Hemp- 
rigg^s,  which,  with  the  lands  of  Rilbuiak  in  the  middle  of  the  parish, 
was  the  heritage,  for  several  generations,  of  a  branch  of  the  Dun- 
bars.  Kilhuiak  was  sold  to  Brodie  of  Lethen;  and  Sir  William 
Dunbar  of  Hempriggs  dying  without  male  iRsue,  and  his  daughter 
and  heiress  marrying  a  son  of  Sir  James  Sutherland's^  the 
htmour  of  Baronet,  obtained  on  the  10th  of  April.  1700,  came 
to  his  brother.  Sir  Robert,  father  of  Sir  Patrick  of  Bowermaden, 
who  died  without  male  issue,  and  the  lands  of  Hempnggs  were 
purchased  by  William  Dawson,  Provost  of  Forres,  and  wiUi  his  two 
daughters,  co-heiresses,  came  to  Alexander  TuUoch  of  Tanachie, 
and  Alexander  Brodie  of  Windy-hills.  Windy-bills,  in  the  wesl 
end  of  the  parish,  was  long  the  heritage  of  the  Dunbars.  From 
them  they  were  purchased  by  Francis  Brodie.  son  of  John,  a  natural 
son  of  David  of  Brodie.  whose  grandson,  John,  died,  a  captain,  at 
Carthagena,  in  1741,  and  having  no  issue,  disponed  his  lands  to 
Major  George  Brodie,  son  to  Miltown,  by  whose  death,  in  17<I8, 
they  came  to  his  brother,  Alexander  Brodie  of  Windy-hills,  the 
fourth  in  descent  from  David,  Laird  of  Brodie.  who  is  now  Baron 
of  Windy-hills  and  Hempriggs. 

THE  PARISH  OF  KlNtOSS. 

The  parish  of  Rinloss,  i.  e.  the  bead  of  the  loch  or  hay,  from  the 
burgh  of  Fmdhorn.  runneth  within  land  a  mile  and  a-half,  and  near 
a  mile  in  breadth.  Here  the  river  Erne  emptieth  into  the  Frith. 
It  risetb  in  the  hills  betwixt  Badenoch  and  Stratberrick,  and  water- 
•th  ^trathern  and  the  Streins  from  south-west  to  north-east.     At 


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FAST   II.  GEOGRAPHY    OF    HOBAY.  Ill 

Doulasie,  in  the  parish  of  Ardclach,  a  brido^  of  two  arches  was  built 
in  the  year  1754 ;  thence  the  river  runneth  north,  and,  after  a  course 
of  more  than  thirty  miles,  enters  into  the  bay  of  Kinloss. 

The  parish  of  Kinloss  lieth  on  the  east  side  of  the  hay.  The 
chorch  standeth  near  the  head  of  the  bay,  about  two  and  a-half  miles 
west  from  Alven,  a  mile  and  a-half  north  of  Forres,  and  nearly  three 
miles  north  of  Rafford.  At  the  mouth  of  the  bay  is  Findhorn,  or 
Inverem,  a  burg;h  of  Barony.  The  bar,  at  the  mouth  of  the  river, 
allows  no  ships  of  burden  to  enter  the  bay,  yet  a  g;ood  trade  is  car- 
ried on  by  small  merchant  ships  and  fishing:  boats.  It  is  the  sea- 
port of  the  town  of  Forres ;  and,  about  sixty  years  ago,  the  sea  cut 
off  from  the  land,  and  covered  the  town,  now  called  Old  Findhorn. 
The  present  town,  with  the  Barony  of  Muirtown,  lying  south,  on 
the  bay,  was  the  property  of  Hugh  Rose  of  Rilravock,  who,  in 
1766,  sold  the  Barony  of  Muirtown  to  Hector  Munro  of  Novar. 
In  1656,  it  came  to  Sir  Robert  Innes  of  Innes,  who  disponed  it  to 
Sir  James  Calder.  Sir  James  was  created  a  Baronet  of  Nova 
Scotia,  by  patent,  dated  November  5,  1668,  and  was  son  of  Thomas 
Calder  of  Sheriff-mill,  of  the  Calders  of  Assuanly.  About  the  year 
1710,  Sir  James  disponed  his  estate,  with  the  burden  of  the  debts, 
to  Hugh  Rose  of  Kilravock,  James  Sutherland  of  Kinsterte,  William 
Brodie  of  Coltfield,  and  Alexander  Dunbar  of  Moy,  and  they  dis- 
poned'with  absolute  warrandice  to  Rilravock.  The  value  of  the 
estate  fell  short  of  the  debts,  and  the  disponees  bore  the  burden. 
Knlossgave  title  to  Edward  Bruce  (of  the  family  of  Clackmannan) 
created  Lord  Kinloss,  July  8,  1604,  and  his  son  Thomas,  Earl  of 
£l^n,  June  19,  1633.  From  this  last,  Alexander  Brodie.  the  first 
of  Lethen,  purchased  the  Abbey  lands  in  Kinloss,  and  the  superiori- 
ties of  such  lands  elsewhere,  and  they  are  now  the  property  of  the 
eldest  daughter  of  the  late  Alexander. 

The  soiith  end  of  the  parish  was  Abbey  lands,  now  the  property 
of  Dunbar  of  Grange,  except  the  Struthers  sold  to  Colonel  William 


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||9  OBOGKAPHY  »P  JHORAY.  PAUr  II. 

liirantof  BaUendalacb.  fOraat  1730.  On  the  buy  of  Kinlws,  XethA 
has  a  salmon  fiehing-.     Next  southwud  is, 

THE  PARISH  OF  TORRES. 

The  parish  of  Forree^  Far-via,  i.  e.  near  Ae  water.  The  pariA 
e3(tendeth  from  the  Bay  of  KJolose  southward  upon  the  river  three 
qoiles,  and  from  the  east  to  the  river  two  miles.  The  town  standeth 
tWQ  miles  north-west  of  Rafford,  <Nne  mile  and  a*half  south  of  Km- 
loss,  and  two  miles  east  from  Dyke.  It  is  situated  in  a  pure  and 
wholesome  air,  on  a  rising  ground,  sloping  to  the  south  and  Borth, 
%nA  commandeth  a  charming  view  of  the  Frith  and  the  adjacei^ 
country.  It  consists  of  one  street  from  east  to  west,  of  well  built 
and  convenient  houses.  In  the  middle  snhidetii  the  Telbooth^ 
loomed  witfi  a  steeple  of  modern  work,  and  a  clock.  Near  the  weA 
end  standeth  the  church,  and  beyond  it  the  castle-hill,  which.  With 
qmne  lands  about  it,  has  been  the  prt^rty  of  the  I^abam,  ^lerifiil 
of  Moray,  since  about  the  year  1450,  wid  belongs  now  to  Sir  Jamc* 
CU'ant  €^  Grant. 

In  the  parish  to  landward,  the  houae  of  Tanachie  atandeth  at  the 
hefid  of  the  Bay,  the  seat  of  Alexander  Tulloch  of  Tutachie,  whose 
&mi1y  have  enjoyed  these  lands  above  350  years.  A  part  ol  Cha 
limds  of  Tanachie  have  lately  been  stjd  to  Urqvhart ;  and 

Loggie,  in  the  iK>ntb  of  the  parish,  formerly  the  property  of  Tulloch 
of  Tanachie,  now  belongs  to  Sir  James  Grant  of  Grant,  and  is  call- 
ed Cothall.  Here  there  is  a  neat  bouse  and  valuable  improTemmtii. 
Near  to  Tanachie  is  Bogtown,  the  unall  heritage  of  a  Cadet  of  T»> 
qachie's  family.  Close  by  Bogtown  is  West-Grange,  a  part  oi  the 
e.atate  of  Dunbar  of  Grange.  To  the  west  of  (he  town  is  Bennagdib,. 
a  small  feu  belonging  to  Alexander  Lesly ;  and  west  thereof  is 
Mundole,  which  has  often  changed  masters,  and  now  pertaineth  to 
S^  4anies  CIrapt  of  Qrant     Belaw  Haaflol«»-on  the  side  of  Ae 


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PABT  If.  OSOaBAPHY   OP    MdfiAJT;  U3 

river,  is  the  Grie»hip,  purchased  by  DaTid,  Laird  of  Brodie,  from 
Sutherland  of  Duffus,  about  the  year  1630,  and  is  now  the  property 
of  the  Laird  of  Brodie.  It  was  .anciently  a  part  of  the  estate  of 
Lauder  of  Quarrelwood,  whose  heiress  brought  it  to  Chisholm,  and 
his  heiress  to  Sutherland.  A  half  mile  south  of  the  town  is  the 
house  of  Sanchar,  the  seat  of  Duncan  Urquhart  of  Burds-yards. 
This  is  an  ancient  branch  of  the  Urquharts  of  Cromarty.  I  find  in 
an  indenture  between  William,  Thane  of  Calder,  and  Hutcheon 
Rose,  Baron  of  Kilravocfc,  dated  Forres,  21st  June,  1483,  Alexander 
Urquhart  of  Burds-yards,  is  a  witness.  The  family  is  still  in  a 
flourishing  way.  West  of  Sanchar  are  the  lands  of  Benneferrey, 
Knockomie,  and  some  others,  belonging  to  the  family  of  Moray.* 


■  From  King  Duff  haTJng  brought  the  ch'w^  of  aereral  buidii  of  robbers  tmm  CftlOiness  and  Roes  to 
Forres,  that  Ibeir  execnthm  there  might  be  mada  ooospicuoti*,  it  may  be  inrerred,  that  Forres  vu  of 
more  consideraliooi  lu  the  middle  of  the  tenth  century,  than  either  Invemeu  or  Elgqi.  Its  charter  of 
royalty,  fay  Jamei  IV.,  io  1496,  bears,  that  those  of  more  ancient  date,  in  the  times  of  war,  had  been  de~ 
stroyed  by  fire.  Its  niDiiicipBl  ettablUhmnit  is  the  same  with  that  of  Elgin,  except  that  guttleraen  re> 
•idenl  at  a  distance  any  wbare  in  the  country,  may  be  elected  fot  its  masistracy ;  and  that  cMh  singly, 
and  also  in  their  incorporate  faculty,  are  inrested  with  the  authority  of  the  Sheiiff,  who,  by  their  charter. 
Is  pnJiibiled  from  the  discharge  of  the  functions  of  hU  office  In  matCersof  civil  justice,  and  In  those  also 
•f  criminal  jnrivdiclion  within  the  limlfs  of  the  royalty.  The  re*eoue  of  the  community  is  llttlo  mote 
duui  £400  yearly.  Forres  Is  coajolned  with  the  boroughs  of  Nairn,  Inverness,  and  Fortrose,  each.  In  Its 
own  respective  county,  in  electing  one  representative  In  the  House  of  Commons ;  if  the  numberof  those 
irtM  are  reprMeoted,  add  any  tiling  to  the  reqiectabllily  of  their  repreaentativea,  he  couh]  reckon,  it  it 
sud,  above  20,000  inliabitaots  in  Ibe  town*  ftam  which  he  is  elected. 

The  village  of  Findbnm  stands  in  tbe  sante  relation  to  Form  which  Lossiemouth  bears  to  Elgin,  being 
only  about  two  mites  nearer,  and,  Initead  of  appertaining  to  the  community,  the  village  ii  on  the  eslata 
of  Sir  Alexander  Monro  of  Novar.  The  Act  of  Parliament  respecting  the  harbour  was  made  in  177S  i 
Besides  the  Tolls  for  the  accommodation  which  it  affords  aa  the  equivalent  for  tbe  expense  of  its  con- 
struction, the  act  contains  rqulations  also  for  the  g^od  government  of  the  shipping  in  their  various  reU* 
tions  to  each  other  during  thetr  occupation.  The  harbour  will  always  remain  an  object  of  great  accom* 
modation,  although,  if  the  commercial  interests  of  the  nation  continue  to  proiper,  tbe  obvious  facility  of 
twinging  vessels  up  to  the  sido  of  the  town,  wiU,  probably,  at  a  day  not  very  dbtant,  render  it  lesi  tn- 
qnented  tl^au  at  pre«eiit.  Tbe  population  of  the  viUi^te,  nearly  400  aoub,  hm  not  for  maqy  years  been 
increased.  The  bontes  are  close  upon  the  share  of  tbe  bay,  and,  with  a  few  exceptions,  an>  only  mean 
oottagea. 

3  F 


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114  GEOG*&APHY  OF    MORAY.  PAHT    If.' 

THE  PARISH  OF  RAFFORD. 

.  Rafford  parish  lieth  south-east  from  Forres.  The  church  stand- 
eth  near  the  centre,  two  miles  south-east  of  Forres,  aud  five  milee 
north-east  of  Edinkillie.  In  the  north-east  end  is  the  Barony  of 
Burg^ie,  and  the  seat  of  Joseph  Dunbar  of  Grange,  a  branch  of  the 
Dunbars  of  Mochrum.  Mr  Alexander  Dunbar,  Dean  of  Moray, 
(and  very  probably  son  of  Mochrum)  was  one  of  the  Lords  of  Ses- 
eion,  anno  1567,  (And.  Col.)  He  married  Catharine  Reid,  daugh- 
ter of  Thomas,  and  niece  of  Robert  Reid,  Abbot  of  Kinloss,  and 
Bishop  of  Orkney,  and  with  her  got  a  part  of  the  Abbey-lands,  such 
as  Burgie,  Grange,  (&c.  His  son,  Thomas  Dunbar,  was  father  of 
Robert  of  Grange,  by  a  first  marriage,  and  of  Robert  of  Burgie, 
by  a  second:  About  1680,  (Burgie  having  run  deep  in  debt  to  bis 
cousin]  Grange  got  possession  of  Burgie  by  adjudication,  and  made 
it  his  seat.  Below  Burgie  lieth  Tarras,  which,  with  Clunie  in  the 
upper  end  of  the  parish,  pertaineth  to  the  Earl  of  Moray.  West 
from  Burgie  is  the  Barony  of  Blairvie,  a  part  of  the  church  or 
Bishop's  lands.  It  was  long  the  heritage  of  the  family  of  Dunbars. 
In  the  beginning  of  the  eighteenth  century  it  was  purchased  by 
Alexander  Macintosh,  son  of  John  Macintosh,  Bailie  of  Inverness; 
and  from  him  it  was  purchased  by  William,  late  Earl  of  Fife,  and 
is  now  the  property  of  his  son,  Captain  Lewis  Daff.  Sooth  from 
the  church,  a  mile  and  a-half,  stands  the  house  of  Altyre,  the  seat 
of  Cummine  of  Altyre,  reputed  Chief  of  that  name.  And  this 
leads  me  to  speak  of 

CUMMING  GORDON  of  ALTYRE  and  GORDONSTOWN. 

The  earliest  authenticated  ancestor  of  this  family,  to  whose  anti- 
quity and  illustrious  lineage  innumerable  writers  bear  testimony, 


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PART   II.  OEOaBAPHY   OF   MORAY.  113 

Robert,  Comes  de  Coniyn,*  a  noblenuui  of  the  first  rank  in  Scot- 
land, in  the  reign  of  King;  Malcolm  Canmore,  who  had  also  a  con- 
siderable estate  in  the  county  of  Northumberland.  His  attachment 
to  his  sovereign  ceased  only  with  his  life,  at  the  battle  of  Alnwick, 
in  1093,  wherein  he  fell,  at  the  same  time,  with  Malcolm,  leaving' 
issue  two  sons  (who  were  too  young  either  to  lament  or  to  avenge 
his  fell  0  viz.  John  de  Comyn,  of  whom  presently ;  and  William, 
who  waa  appointed  Chancellor  to  King  David  I.  in  1133,  and  con- 
tinned  in  that  office  until  1142,  when  he  was  nominated  Bishop  of 
Durham. 

John  de  Comyn  succeeded  his  father,  but  we  never  find  him  de- 
signed Comes,  although  he  made  a  considerable  figure  in  the  reign 
of  King  Alexander  I.  He  left  issue  two  sons, — viz.  Richard ;  and 
Sir  William,  who,  actively,  engaged  in  his  uncle's  contest  for  the  see 
c^Durham,  and  died  in  1144. 

Richard  Comyn,  the  elder  son,  obtained  from  Earl  Henry,  son  of 


*  It  hu  been  obwiTed,  by  several  aii(lqu»riaiii,  IhAt  the  Comyn  bmily  is  of  Nontuui  extractiou,  und 
deMCnded  from  tbe  Comyns  at  Frtnce,  thnmgh  Robert,  Cornea  or  Count  de  Comine,!  who  accompanied 
ViUiam  tbe  Coaqaeror,  fai  1066,  and  became  progenitor  of  all  the  Comyns  in  diis  etmntry.  But  it  ap- 
pears, from  good  authority,  that  ttiey  were  settled  in  Britain  befoie  the  conquest ;  for  Robert  Cumioc, 
Earl  of  Northumberland,  k  potrerful  Bamn  in  (he  Noith  of  England,  was  employed  by  the  successful 
Dnke  agunit  the  insurgeots  of  DuriAm,  in  1068,  whoee  Immediate  descendants  were  expelled  fima 
England,  by  William  Rufhis,  in  1095.  Others  are  of  opinion,  that  they  arc  of  die  ancient  tnhabitonlsof 
Bcotlxnd,  and  to  cwroborate  this,  they  adduce  Cummhie  as  second  Abbot  of  Icolmkill,  who  succeeded 
Columba,  in  59?  ;  and  Comineas  Albni,  the  sixth  Abbot  of  tbe  same  monastery,  who  was  lirlog  In  657. 

&  this,  however,  as  it  jnay,  when  simamea  began  to  be  herediUry  In  tbb  country,  there  was  no 
puDK  either  to  great  or  so  extensively  diffused,  as  that  of  Comyn ;  but  what  is  more,  the  individuals 
who  bore  it,  had  larger  poesesdons  in  lands,  and  far  greater  power  than  any  clan  la  Scotland,  from 
the  TfAga  of  Malcolm  -Canmore,  lo  that  of  Kii^'  Robert  Bruce.  In  1255,  there  were  no  fewer  than 
fliirty-two  kiJgfals  of  (be  name  of  Comyn  in  Scotland;  and  the  Comyns,  lords  of  Badenorh,  undoubted. 
1y,  held  the  cbiefsbip  of  the  whole  clan ;  from  wbom  descended  tiie  Enrls  of  Buchan.  Montellh,  Angus, 

t  In  Duboison's  "  Armorial  des  principales  malsofls  el  fomilles  du  royaume"  of  Fmnce,  published  m 
1757,  the  arms  of  de  Commingea,  iragneur  de  Vervius  de  Giulant  are  thus  mentioued,— "  De  guprulaa. 
a  qnatre  sletles  adosses  et  poses  en  santoir." 


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116  OBOOKAPUY    OP   MO«AY.  PAR?*  It- 

King  David  I.  the  manor  of  IJBton  Roderick,  in  the  shire  of  Bbx- 
burgh,  and  gave  the  church  of  that  manor,  with  half  a  curate  of  land, 
to  the  Monks  of  Kelso,  for  the  health  of  his  own  soul  and  that  of  hia 
lord.  He  gave  also  a  earucate  and  a  half  of  land  in  Staincroft,  to 
the  Monks  of  Reival,  which  grant  Hexilda,  the  Countess  of  Ethe< 
heteta,  his  relict,  confirmed.  The  abilities  and  consequence  of  this 
Richard,  procured  for  him  the  post  of  principal  minister  to  King 
William  the  Lion,  and  he  was  taken  prisoner  with  his  master,  at 
Alnwick,  in  1174^  In  the  subsequent  year  he  was  one  of  the  great 
men  who  became  securities  that  William  would  fulfil  the  terms  of 
his  liberation.  In  consequence  of  his  inheriting  the  ancestorial 
estates,  in  Northumberland,  he  was  hound  to  attend  the  judges  iti, 
nerant  there,  and  to  perform  other  services ;  hut,  in.  1179,  having 
neglected  to  attend  those  judges,'  he  was  fined  an  hundred  pounds. 
Some  apology,  however,  may  be  pleaded  for  his  neglect  in  this 
particular,  he  acting  himself  as  justiciary  of  Scotland  from  1178  to 
1189.  After  an  active  and  important  life,  he  died  about  1189,  in 
possession  of  considerable  estates,  and  leaving  issue,  by  the  Countess 
Hexilda,  (before  alluded  to)  grand-daughter  of  King  Donald  Bane, 
a  son, 

William  Corny n,  who  was  bom  in  1163,  and  inherited,  from  hia 
fether,  all  his  estates,  both  in  Scotland  and  io  Tindale,  within  North- 
umberland. His  name  occurs  as  a  witness  to  almost  all  the  charters 
of  King  William  the  Lion,  during  the  last  twenty-five  yeiu%  of  that 
monarch's  reig^n.  But  he  first  came  into  honourable  notice  atthe 
age  of  37,  in  1300,  as  one  of  the  envoys  whom  King  William  the 
Lion  deputed  to  King  John,  to  congratulate  him  on  his  ascension 
to  the  English  throne,*  the  throne  of  the  gallant  Richard.     He 


*  Not  long  afterwards  (about  ISIO)  bebecameEarlof  Buchan,  inr^hloflilitecoDdl^jr,  tbeCiMUit- 
eu  ud  heircM  of  Bnchan ;  and,  under  that  title,  made  a  giuit  to  tlie  church  of  Glasgow,  of  a  stane  of 
wax,  yearly ;  hli  charter  hetng  witneMed  bj  Riehaid  Ctmjn,  the  eldest  xm  of  a  fonner  murtagv ; 


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PART    II.  QEOORAPHY    OF    MORAY.  117 

died,  after  an  illustrious  life,  in  1333,  having:  had,  l^  his  first  wife, 
two  sons,— viz.  itichard,  his  he,ir;  and  Walter,  who  became  Earl  of 
Menteith ;  and  by  his  second  wife,  Ist,  Alexander,  who  became  Earl 
of  Buchan,  and  whose  name  stands  as  a  witness,  next  after  Richard, 
his  brother,  in  a  charter  of  King:  Alexander  II. ;  3d,  Aerqos,  or 
Fergus ;  and,  3d,  William. 

Richard  Comyn,  the  eldest  son,  flourished  during;  the  reigns  of 
King  Alexander  II.,  aisd  enjoyed  his  father's  lands,  except  what  de- 
scended to  bi^  half-brother,  the  Earl  of  Buchan.  The  name  of 
lUchard  appears  as  a  witness  to  several  chu'ters  of  King  Alexander 


which  varioos  charters  ud  clrcumstaiices  prorc,  though  the  Udy's  parenl^^  and  name  hare,  hitherto, 
ocaped  all  genealogiaU,  This  charter  miut  have  been  granted  only  a  few  yean  after  hi*  roamage  with 
the  Coantesa  of  Buchan ;  for  one  of  the  wltoeuei  to  it  is  Adam,  a  brother  of  her  bther,  Ferpis,  the  an- 
cient Earl  of  Buchan.  He  abo  obtained  from  William  the  Lkm,  Qu  manor  of  Lenite,  in  Dumbarton' 
ahire,  as  well  as  the  lands  of  Kirkintutach,  but  at  nfut  period  doei  not  appear,  though  the  grant  waa 
confirmed  to  him  by  Alexander  II.  In  the  thirteenth  century  he  wai  Sheriff  of  the  shireof  Forfiu';  in 
1209,  when  he  Iiad  become  justiciary  of  Scotland,  he  was  sent  with  the  Bishop  of  St  Andrews  and  Others, 
on  an  embassy  to  England ;  and  when  a  peace  was  afterwards  made  wldi  England,  he  swore,  on  ths 
part  of  the  Scots,  for  the  observance  of  it.  Margery,  his  Countess,  made  a  grant  as  such,  to  the  Monks 
of  Arbraalh,  of  the  patroni^^  of  the  churchea  of  Turref,  Invenifie,  Strothechln,  and  Ralhen  in  Buchan ; 
and  thisdonalion  was  confirmed  by  King  William,  between  the  years  1211  and  1214.  She  also  gave  to 
the  Monks  of  Bt  Andrews,  half  a  mark  of  silver,  yearly,  frem  her  firm,  in  Inveiure ;  and  William,  her 
husband,  as  Earl  of  Buchan,  witnessed  a  charter  of  William  the  Lkm,  at  Ely,  on  the  I7lh  of  August, 
1211.  In  1212,  Outhres  having,  as  a  partisan  of  that  William,  raised  a  rebellion  in  Moray,  was  brought 
tocondign  punishment  by  William,  Earlof  Buchan,  as  justiciary  of  the  north;  who  also  crushed  another 
rebellion  of  the  same  elan,  in  1229.  In  1218,  he  evinced  the  muniScenceof  his  disposition,  by  fbunding, 
lBBnchan,die  Abbey  of  Deer;  and  he  and  the  Countess,  Margery,  In  imitation  of  their  father,  Fergus, 
made  some  valuable  donatitms  to  the  Monks  of  Arbroath.  In  addition  to  what  the  Conntesa  bad  girm 
to  this  Monastery  before  her  marriage,  she  and  her  husband,  moreover,  granted  to  it  the  patronage  of 
the  ehnrch  of  Bnthelny  mth  common  of  pasture,  and  after  easements.  To  the  Monks  of  Dryburgh,  sbp 
>1m  confirmed  the  grant  of  thuhurch  of  Kilrenny,  in  Fife,  which  had  been  made  by  the  Oounteas  of 
Ada,  nxdher  of  Malcolm  IV.  and  William  the  Lion  ;  and  united  wiOi  her  husband  in  confirming  to  the 
Honks  of  St  Andrews,  the  grant  of  dieir  vassal  Merleswan,  the  son  of  Lolban,  of  the  lands  of  Kenmack, 
InKamauchyparisb,  In  the  county  of  Fife,  to  1220,  William  witnessed,  with  other  Scottish  nobles,  the 
marriage  contract  of  Joan,  Princess  of  England,  with  Alexander  II.  In  this  last  recoid  he  is  called 
•*  Willielmus  Cumin  Com.  de  Bueh  jnsti,  Scotis,"  iriiile  Waller  Olifbrd,  in  the  same  record,  is  called 
•*  Jniticiarins  I^andovtv/' 

9  G 


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lit  OEOOBAPHY    OF    MORAY.  PABT   II. 

II.  with  William,  the  Earl  of  Buchan,  his  father ;  and  with  Wil- 
liam de  Bosco,  the  Chancellor,  who  resigned  in  1226.  Richard 
again  appears  as  a  witness  to  a  charter  of  King  Alexander  II., 
in  1240.  and  with  him  is  a  witness,  Alexander  Comyn,  his  half- 
brother,  who  had  not  then  succeeded  as  Earl  of  Buchan,  his  mother, 
the  Countess,  being  then  alive.  In  1244,  Richard  was  one  of  the 
guarantees  of  the  treaty  with  England,  with  his  relation,  Walter, 
the  Earl  of  Menteith,  Alexander,  the  EarFof  Buchan,  and  other 
Scottish  statesmen.  In  some  state  papers,  Walter  and. Alexander,  his 
younger  brothers,  are  named  before  him  as  Earls,  while  he  ranks  only 
with  the  magnates.  He  probably  died  in  1249,  (about  the  period  of 
the  demise  of  King  Alexander  II.),  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son, 

John  Comyn,  who,  with  the  rest  of  his  clan,  took  an  active  part, 
during  the  reign  of  King  Alexander  III.,  and  his  patriotism  and 
exertions  were  not  rendered  the  less  potent  or  determined,  by  the 
removal,  in  1255,  of  himself,  and  the  Earls  of  Menteith  and  Buchan, 
his  uncles,  from  the  council  of  that  monarch,  then  an  infant,  by  the 
influence  of  King  Henry  III.  of  England.  In  1257,  however,  John 
Comyn  and  his  associates  overpowered  their  opponents,  obtained 
possession  of  the  King  and  Queen,  and  governed  Scotland,  by  the 
weight  of  their  talents,  and  the  influence  of  their  family.  Subse- 
quently to  these  steps,  John  Comyn  was  made  justiciary  of  Galloway, 
acquired  property  in  Nithsdale,  and,  in  1250,  as  proprietor  of  Dais- 
winton  and  Duncot,  granted  to  the  Monks  of  Melrose  a  right  of  pas- 
sage through  those  lands.  Continuing  to  rise  rapidly  to  power  and 
authority,  he  was  next  employed  with  his  uncle,  Alexander,  the  Ear] 
of  Buchan,  and  other  Scottish  statesmen,  in  t^ng  the  oath  of  King 
Henry  III.  that  he  would  restore  his  daughter,  the  Scottish  queen, 
with  her  child.  He  was  also  present  with  King  Alexander  III. 
when  he  held  his  court  at  Jedburgh,  in  1261 ;  and,  in  1264,  accom- 
panied by  John  Baliol  and  Robert  Bruce,  led  a  body  of  Scots  to  the 
ud  of  King  Henry  III.  «gainst  hia  barons.     In  1268,  some  of  hia 


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PABT   II.  0£OOBAPUY   OF    MORAT.  110 

retainers  baring;  been  slain  by  the  citizens  of  Tork,  to  pacify  him* 
the  two  kings,  Henry  III.  and  his  son-iu-law,  Alexander  III.  inter- 
posed with  their  influence — when  the  citizens  paid  him  three  haa- 
dred  pounds,  and  agreed  to  maintain  two  priests,  who  should  pray 
for  the  souls  of  the  deceased,  upon  Ouse-brig-g,  where  this  bloodshed 
probably  happened.  It  is  this  John  Comyn  who  is  characterised  by 
Fordun,  as  "  Vir  ad  rapinam  et  temeritatem  expeditus,"  and  he  was, 
popularly,  called  "Red  John  Comyn."  In  1373,  or  soon  after,  he 
died, — ^having  married  Marian,  daughter  of  Alan,  Lord  of  Galloway, 
by  whom  he  had,  1st,  William  ;*  2d,  John,  called  "  Black  John 


*  William  Comya,  tbeelleat  son,  bmides  cnie-Ii«)f  of  the  landsof  Mmteith,  enjoyed,  with  ottierestatei, 
the  inuior  of  Kirkintulach,  which  had  come  down  to  him  from  William,  Eail  of  Buthtui,  uid  bjr  which 
tuuue  (Kirkintuluh)  he  wai  desiffoated  or  distinguished.  Id  1273,  having  married  a  daughter  of  the 
Conntees  of  Menteith,  and  engi^ed  in  an  unBTailing  contest  for  that  earldom,  his  father  engaged  to  pro- 
tect him ;  and,  in  1290,  this  William  de  Kirkintulach  granted  a  release  to  Hugh  Dalyel,  the  SherifFof 
Lanerk,  tor  twenty  marks.  He  appeared  in  the  nnmennis  parliaments  at  Brigbam,  aaseigniordeKhk- 
iotubch,  and  died  hefore  the  3d  of  June,  1291 ;  when  his  next  brother,  John,  who  was  distingui^ied 
by  the  title  of  Badeaoch,  succeeded  to  Kirktnlnlach ;  and  John  Comyn,  eamiDonly  called  "  Black  John 
Comyn,"  now  became  one  of  the  most  potent  men  of  that  age.  He  was  present,  in  1281,  at  the  conven- 
tion at  Roxbargfa,  when  the  marrii^  of  Maif^aret,  the  daughter  of  Alexander,  was  agreed  on ;  and.  tn 
12S4,he  was  one  of  the  Magnates  Scotin  who  engaged  to  mainlain  the  title  of  the  daughter  of  Mai^caret, 
on  her  grandfather's  demise.  In  12S6,  he  was  chosen  one  of  the  six  guardians,  after  that  sad  event  took 
place;  and  was  one  of  those  who  treated  with  Edward  1,  in  1S89,  about  the  marriage  of  the  in^t  queen, 
as  whose  guardian  be  appeared  in  the  parliament,  holden  at  Brigbam,  in  March,  1S90.  In  August,  in 
the  Hune  year,  he  went,  with  other  envoys.  Into  England,  to  u^ociate  with  Edward,  the  marriage  of  ths 
Scottish  qneen.  Inl291,  J<Jm  Comyn,  wbo  was  tben  distinguished  at  senior  LordofBadenoeb,  acknow- 
ledged the  raperMHity  of  the  Engli^  king ;  and,  toon  after,  gave  in  his  clt^m  to  the  crown  ax  heir  of 
Donald  Bane,  whoae  fiimily  had  been  in  possession  of  it  since  109?.  He,  afterwards,  however,  with- 
ditrw  hit  pretenskms  as  nnattainable,  and  inpported  the  claim  and  government  of  Ballol.  In  12M,  he 
wai  summoned  by  Edward,  as  superior  lord  of  Scotland,  to  atlaud  him  in  Gatcony.  In  1297,  he  be- 
came security  for  his  sim,  John,  and  for  his  brothers,  Alexander  and  Robert,  and  others,  who  were  n- 
leased  by  Edward,  on  condition  of  their  serving  him  in  Ftance.  He  was  still  alive,  though  lest  acdn. 
In  November,  1299  ;  but  seems  to  have  died  soon  after,  at  bis  rattle  of  Lochindorb  t  having  married 
Uargery,  sister  of  John  Baliol,  by  vrtiom  he  left  a  son, 

John,  commonly  called  "  Red  John,"  who  was  no  lees  ronspictious  than  his  father.  In  lS99i  ha  was 
dieaen,  with  general  consent,  one  of  the  guardian*  of  Scotland,  in  the  name  of  Baliol;  and,  in  laOS, 
(with  the  aid  of  Simon  Fraser),  he  defeated,  successively,  three  divisloni  of  the  English  army,  amount- 
ing to  upwards  of  30,000  men,  besides  vanquishing  B.OOO  moro  on  the  tame  day,  near  Roclln.  In  tb» 
■une  year  he  assembled  his  forces  for  the  protection  of  Stirling  Castle,  but  was  obliged  to  retire  through 


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ViO  GEOQRAPHY    OP   MORAY.  PART   JI. 

OoDiyn,"  who  had  a  grandson  called  "  Red  John  Comyn,"  slain  by 
Bruce  ;  3d,  Alexander  ;*  and,  4th,  Robert. 

Robert  Conoyn,  the  fourth  son,  married  Margaret,  daughter  and 
co-heiress  of  William  Comyn  of  Lochaber,  with  whom  he  got  a  con- 
siderable estate;  and  being  abroad,  on  a  public  mission,  in  France, 
he  escaped  forfeiture,  and  was  excepted  in  the- acts  of  parliament,  by 
which  the  rest  of  his  clan  so  severely  suffered.  He  died  at  an  ad- 
vanced age,  about  1310,  leaving  by  his  said  wife  a  son, 

Thomas  Comyn,  who,  about  1330,  obtained  from  the  Bishop  of 
Moray,  a  lease  of  the  lands  of  Rothiemurchus,  which  had,  formerly, 
belonged  to  his  family,  and  had  been  held  by  the  Shawsf  during  a 
hundred  years,  without  disturbance.  He  married^  two  wives, — first, 
Helen,  daughter  of  Hugh,  eighth  Baron  of  Arbuthnot  (by  whom  he 
had  three  sons ;  Ist,  Sir  Richard,  his  heir  ;  3d,  Ferquhard ;  and,  3d, 
Robert) ;  and  secondly.  Catherine  Maegregor,  daughter  of  the  liaird 
of  Maegregor,  by  whom  he  had  a  son,  Alexander. 


th«  mperbritr  of  the  Engllxh  king.  On  the  9th  of  February.  1304,  he  eoter^  into  a  cajdtnlatkiB  with 
Edward,  bj  which  he  Mved  hit  fotlawen ;  but  be  fell  a  Tictira  to  this  Brnugement,  for,  oa  the  10th 
Febniary,  1306,  he  wu  stabbed,  by  Robert  Brace,  in  (he  church  of  the  Minorites.  He  married  Joan, 
one  of  die  co-hdrases  of  the  Earl  of  Pembroke,  and  ten  a  wn,  John,  wba  died  without  inoe,  aad  two 
danghim,  who  found  refuge  in  England. 

*  Alexander  Comyn  of  Badenoch,  the  third  spn,  was  taken  prboner  at  Dunbar,  in  1396,  widi  hia 
brother,  Robert,  and  hli  nephew,  Jtdin,  but  they  were  all  liberated,  for  Ae  reaMm  adverted  lo  in  the 
pncedhig  note.'  On  the  SOA  of  July,  1207,  during  their  imprisonment,  bowerar,  Edward  1.  was  lo 
generous  a«  to  Usue  a  precept,  on  the  4th  September,  1296,  to  hii  lieutenant  in  Sootland,  to  assign  30 
marks  of  land,  of  legal  extent,  to  Eva,  wife  «f  Alexander  Comyn  of  Badenoch.  Alexander  died  with- 
out issue. 

'  t  Junes  Sbaw,  chief  of  that  clan,  was  married  to  another  daughter  of  the  Laird  of  Macgiqor;  yet 
Thomas  Comyn  and  James  Shaw  mutually  exercised  deadly  animoaitiea,  which  speedily  came  to  a  de- 
rWoi  by  Uie  sword,  and  Shaw  was  killed  in  the  omflkt.  This  James  Shaw  had  a  son,  called  Cortacb- 
lacb,  ^lo  had  many  warm  and  bloody  combats  with  Comyn,  to  revenge  (he  death  of  his  bttier,  Tbey 
were,  at  last,  brought  to  give  mutual  bonds  for  agreement,  and  even  took  the  sacrament  upon  It ;  yet 
•udi  was  the  treadwry  of  this  Shaw,  that  the  same  n^t,  he,  with  bis  kindred,  murdered  Comyn,  with 
seroal  «f  hi*  followers,  while  sle^g  in  hise  sMurity,  in  a  plaee,  to  this  day,  called  I^igna  Cuntnadi, 
in  Rothiemurchus,  ' 


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PABfT   n.  OEOORAPRV    OF    MORAY.  131 

^r  ffidiard  Comyn,  Knigiit,  the  eldest  son  of  the  first  marriagid. 
lAer  his  father's  mnrder,  dommitted  g^reat  havock  among^  the  Shaws* 
revenging;  his  fall  with  fire  and  sword.  Sir  Richard  was  a  great 
iavourite  of  King  David  Bruce,  who  evinced  his  ati^chmeht  to  him, 
among  many  other  unquestionable  proofs,  by  granting  him  a  charter, 
mder  llie  great  seal,  "dilecto  et  fideli  nostro  Richards  Cumyne  omnes 
tetraa  Damphail  cum  officio  forestarii  foresffle  de  Ternway  cam  per- 
linen,  in  c<Hnitat  Moravise  infra  vice  comitat.  de  Inverness,  Sec.** 
dated  January  6,  1368.*  Being  a  man  of  extraordinary  abilities  and 
prudence,  Sir  Richard  was  sent  on  an  embassy  to  the  Court  of  Eng- 
land, to  negociate  afiairs  of  state,  for  which  he  got  a  safe  conduct 
from  King  Edward  III.,  dated  in  the  same  year,  1368;  and  in  the 
management  of  which  he  acquitted  himself  entirely  to  the  king's 
satisfaetion.  Immediately  after  his  return  from  England,  he  obtain- 
ed  another  charter  from  King  David,  under  the  description  "  dilecto 
nostro  Ricardo  Comyn  pro  bona  et  fideli  servitio  suo  nobis  iropenso 
et  impendendo,  ilium  annuum  redditum  decem  mercarum  stirliogo- 
rum  exeantem  ex  terns  de  duabus  Carnnsias  cum  pertinen.  infra 
vice  comitat.  de  Banff,  qu«e  fuit  Johannis  Burnard  et  quam  idem 
Johannes  nobis  sursum  reddidit  <&c.  tenend.  <&c.  in  feodo  et  here- 
ditati,  &c.,  dated  at  Edinburgh,  15tb  December,  1370.f  Sir 
Biebard^  died  in  tiie  reign  of  King  Robert  II.,  having  married 


*  TaotirweU.bdi»ad«Bd  tnu^RldMrd  Comyn,  all  tbslMria  of  I>enlty(DqBq)b^),irifii  the  afltee 
of  Kaagtr  of  tha  Fomt  ot  Taraaway,  aad  overjr  tbiag  tbaMUsto  fatfov^gt  ^  tfas  eoanty  af  Uonij^, 
■adar  tbe  aberifUeitt«f  laronwa*. 

t  Ta«owaU>b(4(n«d'udtniitrRMiardOoiityu,  fbr  bb  gM4  unftUthM  Mnlee  to  b«  d«q*  ts  w, 
ftai  awiiHl  rekam  of  tan  merica  nerttng,  aiWng  from  tha  landi  of  tiM  t#a  Carnuiies,  with  all  tbereuBto 
baliMglDg,  witbhi  tlie-8b«rUiaoai«r  BAtfl;  wMeh  fbrnmrijr  vai&«prcliiertyof  J«ba  Burooid,  and i^Uch 
Ommbs  John  gate  back  ta«i,&e.  to  be  beld,  &r.  Id  foi  and  berifage,  Jw. 

t  ARer  Sir  Rldun^s  death,  tbis  roral  grant  fell  into  the  bands  of  tha  Fiaaen,  aa  appeaia  b^adiMtq*' 
ftnm  Robert  III.,  bi  thete  words :— Rabertus,  &c.  conflrmasse,  &c.  annuum  reddilum  deenn-nMnaivai' 
■tbrllngonun,  &c.  qus  fiiit  qiiond.  domini  Bicbardi  Cumlne  miliUi  bnreditarie,  ex  donattooe  Daridli  ] 

«  H 


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\2i  .     QEOQRAPHY    OF   MORAY.  PART    II. 

Agnes,  daug'hter  of  John,  Lfurd  of  Grant,  by  whom  he  had  two  sons, 
— ^riz.  Ferquhard,  bis  heir ;  and  Duncan  of  Lochtervandich^  pro- 
genitor of  the  Cummings  of  Auchry,  <&c. 

Ferquhard  Cuming;  of  Altyr,  the  elder  son,  and  the  first  we  have 
found  who  is  designed  by  that  title,  got  a  charter  from  King  Robert 
II.  of  the  forestership  of  Drummyn  and  XuUoch,  with  seyeral  da- 
Tochs  of  land,  and  all  the  privileges  thereto  belonging,  under  the 
description  of  "  Ferquhard©  Cuming  de  Altyre,  &c."  dated  in  1384.* 

Ferquhard  married  Janet,  daughter  of Cameron,  of  Lochiel. 

chief  of  the  clan  Cameron,  by  whoiii  he  had  twp  sons, — viz.  Alex- 
ander and  John,  who  is  mentioned  in  a  donation  to  the  Monastery 
of  Cambuskenneth,  in  1423,  and  was  progenitor  to  the  Cumings, 
Inneralachie,  <&c.,  through  his  son.  Fordanus  de  luaeralachie,  who 
got  a  charter  of  these  lands  from  King  James  III.,  dated  12th 
April,  1475.  Ferquhard  died  in  the  reign  of  King  James  I.,  and 
was  succeeded  by  his  elder  son. 


Bruce,  regU  ScotDnun,  &c."  dated  in  1305.  *'  Robert,  &e.  to  hare  csnArmed,  &c  the  aimnki  rent  of 
ten  merki  sterlliig,  &C.  wfatcb  formerly  bebmged  to  SAi  Rkliard  Cumine,  Baronrt,  \sj  gnni  of  IkvUI 
Brace,  King  of  Scots,  Ac,  dated  hi  1395. 

*  In  thb  Ferqubard'!  time,  the  dlneuloDi  betvixt  the  elan,  Chattan  and  (be  CummiD^  (partlealaiiy 
(hatbtanchof  them  which  waicalledateauilaiy},  nu  90  reryb^b,  thai  they  engroatedtheattentkni of 
the  whole  court.  The  King,  and  die  Dulce  of  Albany,  tent  the  Barli  of  Moray  and  Cnwtbrd.  (lien  two 
of  the  greatett  men  in  the  kingdom,  to  try  (o  make  up  their  diflbrences,  and,  if  possible,  to  tomg 
•bout  a  reecuciliation,  but  all  to  no  pnrpoae.  It  was,  at  Utt,  propoaed,  that  each  clan  should  chooM 
thirty  of  duir  own  memberi,  to  llglit  on  Ifae  North  Inch  of  Perth,  with  their  broftd  twordi  only,  and 
thus  pnt  an  end  to  all  Oielr  diipntei.  The  combat  waa,  joyAilly,  agreed  to  by  both  partiea,  and  they 
■cewdtogly  mat  m  (he  day  i^ipotnted  ■  The  king,  and  an  incredible  nnmber  of  nobility,  Wa%  ipecta- 
tma.  Pranpted  by  ancient  rooted  malice  and  luvetente  hatred,  Uiey  ftmgfat  wifli  auch  InexpreKibto 
reMtatlm  and  fory,  that  twenty-nine  ot  the  Cmningi  were  killed  on  the  ipot ;  the  lurriTor  remaining 
nnhnrt,  and  eacaping,  by  swimming,  over  the  river  Tay,"'thoiigfa  it  is  mid  that  be  waa  pnt  to  death,  by 
bis  own  clan,  when  he  came  home,  for  not  preferring  to  die  on  tbe  bed  of  honour,  with  his  oompaukas, 
(Mher  than,  to  seek  nfety  by  flight.  Of  the  clan,  Chattan,  nineteen  were  killed  in  the  fleU,  and  the 
otter  eleven  were  so  much  nonnded,  that  none  of  them  were  able  to  parsne  tbeir  sbigle  anti^Miist, 
lUi  DMnoraUe  oonOict  happened  on  the  Monday  before  the  feast  of  St  Hkhael,  ht  1396, 


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PART    II.  GEOGRAPHY   OP   MORAY.  138 

Alexander^  who  naarried  Euffame.  sister  of  Tliomas  of  Dun- 
barre,  Erie  of  Moreff,  May  38.  1408,  and  with  her  he  got  twenty 
merks  worth  of  land  within  the  Earl's  lands  of  Glenchamy. — 
In  rettini,  he  gave  the  Earl  a  bond  of  man-rent,  which,  as  it 
shows  the  manner  of  the  times,  we  give  at  length  in  the  Ap- 
pendix. It  appears,  by  this  indenture,  that  he  was  under  an  en- 
gagement of  man-rent,  for  five  years,  to  Alexander  Stewart,  Earl  of 
Mar.  An  old  manuscript  says,  the  Earl  of  Mar  obtained  from  the 
King,  his  ward  and  nonentrie  of  his  lands,  and  afterwards  com- 
prised them  for  severaMepredations  committed  by  his  fother ;  and, 
-that  Alexander,  being  thus  put  from  his  lands,  betook  himself  to 
die  protection  of  the  Earl  of  Murray,  hoping,  by  these  means,  to 
regain  his  fortune.     He  was  succeeded  by  his  son, 

Thomas,  who  is  styled,  Baro  de  Altyre,  and  who  bought  the 
Barony  of  Dalhs  from  Hay  of  Lochloy,  in  1468.  There  is  an  in- 
denture of  friendship  -betwixt  them,  which  we  give  in  the  Appendix. 
He  had  the  honour  of  Knighthood  conferred  upon  him,  and  got  a 
charter  to,  and  in  favour  oi,  "  Sir  Thomas  Cuming  of  Altyr,  and 
Margaret  Gordon,  his  ^ponse,  and  the  heirs  male  to  be  procreate 
betwixt  them,  of  all  and  haill  the  lands  of  Bellanrith,  Leonaoght, 
Anchness,  and  IJttle  Thorp,  lying  vnthin  the  barony  of  Dollas  and 
shire  of  Elgin,"  dated  November  1 1, 14  .  Sir  Thomas,  afterwards, 
obtained  a  warrant,  from  the  Crown,  to  build  \he  castles  of  Dallas  and 
Emside,  14  . ;  and,  having  married  in  his  fether's  life-time.  Mar- 
g^et  Giordon,  died  in  the  reign  of  King  James  II.,  leaving  a 
daughter*  and  three  sons;  viz.  ist,  James,  his  heir  of  Altyr,  who  mar* 
ried  Margaret,  daughter  of  Sir  Alexander  Gordon  of  Midqoar,  son 
of 'Alexander,  first  Earl  of  Huntly,  (as  appears  by  ui  JDstrQmeot  oi 


*  The  dan^ter,  Jeut,  wfao,  for  her  exqnltlte  bnnty,  wu  called  the  bir  m^  of  Montj,  beeuM 
fenrdi  wife  of  Aleunder,  fini  Bwl  of  Hnatly,  bjr  whom  she  had  two  Aaa^ton^—iiattt,  married  to 
Jaov*  Inaes  of  that  Ilk ;  and  Margtret,  mUTied  lo  Hngh  Rom  of  Kilravock,  both  of  whom  had  iwu. 


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id4  ilJ|l!(Mi^APaV    <>F    at9«AY.  RABT  If. 

sei^  ia  favour  of  James  Cumming  of  Altyr,  and  M«rg«ffet'G«i<don, 
bis  spoase>  dated  March  7,  14ftO,)  by  whom  be  had  do  issue ;  2d, 
Alexaader,  of  whom  bei^eafter;  and,  -3d.  John,  pro^^itor  of  the 
Cumings  of  firnside,  whose  son,  John  Cumiug^  of  Emside,  g(A 
a  charter,  under  the  Great  Seal,  from  King-  JaoKB  IV.  of  serMrat 
lands,  dated  August  8,  1509. 

Alexander  Cuming,  second  son,  succeeded  his  father,  and  havii^ 
married  Janet,  daughter  of  Sir  William  Frtuter,  of  Philorth,  pro- 
genitor to  Lord  Saltoun,  died  in  the  reign  of  King  James  IIL 
In  the  Appendix  is  a  letter  of  man-rent  fra^ft  him  to  the  Master  of 
Huntle,  dated  March  38,  1489.  He  left  two  aons,~lel,  Sir 
Thomas,  his  heir ;  and,  3d,  Ferqubard,  ancestor  of  tbe  €uniings  of 
Kellas,  <&;c.,  who,  being  incensed  at  their  chiefs  refusing  to  dlow 
tbem  to  biuy  their  dead  in  their  family  burial  place,  laid  aside  the 
sirname  of  Cuming,  and  assumed  tliat  of  Ferqubarson ;  from  whom 
the  Ferquharsons  of  Baltbog,  Houghton,  &e.,  in  Aberde«iahir«i 
are  descended.     They  still  bear  the  Cummtng  arms. 

Thomas  Cuming  of  Altyr,  Esq.,  the  elder  son,  succeeded  hi* 
father,  and,  subsequently,  received  the  honour  of  Knighthood.  T6 
his  prudent  management  it  was  owing,  that  all  differebces  which 
had  for  some  time  subsisted  between  his  family  and  tbe  town  of 
Forres,  were,  satisfactorily,  compromised  and  settled.*  Sir  Thonsaa 
gfot  a  charter,  under  the  great  seal,  from  King  James  HE.,  "d<H 
mino  Thomse  Cuming  de  Altyr,  terrarum  baronn  de  Delias  &c.,r 
Sying  in  the  shires  of  Elg^n  and  Forres,  dated  Augurt  3,  1470. 
Also  a  charter  confirming  to  him  and  his  heirs,  "  offioiam  foreatarii 


*  This  AmtesTs  by  «  ctmtract  or  agreement,  entered  into  betveen  Sir  Thomas  CumiDg  o(  Altjrr,  utd 
du  burgh  of  Eorrea,  whanin  all  disputes,  concenihig  the  Miwses  of  Blair,  and  Kirbtoim  of  Attyr,  ira« 
adjiiited.  The  town,  for  the  liberty  of  these  Messes,  becaiDe  bound  to  pay  to  Altyr,  and  hit  hein, 
forty  shillings  Scot*,  yearly ;  providlog  they  made  do  stop,  tnoiesUtiun,  or  hnpedijpea^  tbenm'  tiMbft- 
towii,  &c.    This  contiact,  which  ia.  still,  uraaeryedf  is  d«ted  SeptenJ)^-?,  1470, 


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FABT  n.  aSOGRAPHV   OF   HOfUkt.  136 

de  Drammyn.  &c."  dated  13th  October,  1478.  Sir  Thoums  nbat- 
ried  Margaret,  daughter  of  Patrick  Gordon  of  Methlic  and  Haddo. 
progenitor  of  the  Earls  of  Aberdeen,  and  died  in  the  beginning  of 
-the  reign  of  King  James  V.^  leaving  issue  a  son  and  successor* 

Alexander  Cuming  of  Altyr,  who  was  a  man  of  fine  accomplish- 
ntents,  and,  when  young,  was  chosen  one  of  the  arbiters  in  a  sub- 
mission, for  settling  some  differences  between  Andrew,  Bishop  of 
Murray,  and  Hugh  Bose  of  Kilravock,  in  1502.  He  got  a  charter, 
tinder  the  great  seal,  from  Queen  Mary,  "  Alexandre  Cuming  de 
.Ahyr,  terrarum  de  Little  et  Meikle  Brand  Hills,  Craigton,  &c." 
with  many  other  lands,  dated  39th  January,  1545.  He  also  obtain- 
ed a  decree  of  exemption  for  himself,  his  kinsmen,  clan,  and  friends, 
from  attending  the  Sheriff-Court  of  Moray,  dated  36th  June,  1550, 
(vide  Appendix),  and  died  soon  after ;  having  married  Janet,  daughter 
of  George  Brown,  Baron  of  Coalston,  and  widow  of  William  Urqu- 
hard  of  Burds-yards,*  by  whom  he  had  issue  three  sons, — ^riz.  1st, 

Bobert,  his  heir,  who  married  a  daughter  of -■ —  Forbes  of  T<A- 

qphon,  but  died  without  issue ;  3d,  Thomas,  of  whom  hereafter ; 
and,  3d,  Alexander,  who  got  a  chu-ter  under  the  great  stfal.  "  Alex. 
Cuming  de  St  German  du  Fray  filio  quondam  Alexandri  Cuming 
de  Altyr,  terrarum  de  Mickle  Brumquhillie,  <&c."  in  Elgin  and 
Forres,  dated  8th  October,  1556.- 

Thomas,  the  second  son,  having  been  returned  heir  to  his  brother. 


*  mi  appears  b;  •  cbarter  from  (hb  Alexander, "  Janets  Brown,  rellche  quondam  Willldnit  Ur^* 
bud  de  Buidt-yarda,  nunc  Sftmm  Alexandri  Cumins  de  Allyr,  in  ritati  redditu  et  lueredibu*  inter 
i|i«M  AleKandivm  et  JIaneUm  Iq^itime  procrauid.  quibua  deficien.  bKredibus  dktt  Alexandri  qutbua- 
cunqiie,detotl(etiategrii  terrisdamiiiialibaade  DalW,&c"t  i^ft'o  "'"''■''^'^'^'S^ '"^  Forrei, 
dated  Slit  November,  IHl,  which  charter  wai  confirmed  b;  anolfaer  charter,  under  (he  great  seal, 
dated  lit  December,  1543. 

t  To  Janet  Brawn,  widow  of  the  late  WiDbunllrqnbart  of  Biirdt-yarda,  now  die  ipoiiaBofAIexander 
Cnmtng  of  Altyr,  and  to  Ae  lawfnl  offlipring  and  hein  whattoerer  of  all  and  wlule  the  land  and  iplritna* 
lkofDollai,&e. 

3  I 


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T3&  OBOOBAPHV   UP   MORAT.  PAST   II. 

got  a  diarter,  nnder  the  gretA  seal,  from  Queen  Mary,  "  Thome 
Cuming:  de  AItyr>  nepoti  et  haeiedi  quondam  Thonue  Cuming^  die 
Altyr,  terrarum  Baroniee  de  Altyr,  Dollace,  &c."  lying-  in  the  shires 
of  Elgin.  Forres,  and  Nairn,  dated  16th  May,  1553.  He  got  a 
charter,  under  the  great  seal,  "  to  him  and  Margaret  Gordon,  his 
spouse,  of  the  lands  of  Lodygowne,  Ardorie,  Dollace,  and  Brauchly, 
with  a  fishing  on  the  water  of  Findhotu,  Sec."  dated  0th  December* 
1586 ;  and  also  a  charter  of  the  Kirklands  of  the  Kirktown  of  Altyr, 
of  the  same  date  with  the  former.  He  died  before  1601,  having 
married  Margaret,  daughter  of  Alexander  Gordon  of  StrathdoD. 
third  son  of  Alexander,  third  Eari  of  Huutly,  by  whom  he  had  three 
sons, — viz.  1st,  Alexander  ;*  3d,  David,  who  died  without  issue ;  and, 
3d,  ianies. 

James  Cuming  of  Altyr,  the  third  son,  and,  eventually,  sole  heir 
to  his  father,  obtained  a  charter,  under  the  great  seal,  ''Jact^ 
Cuming,  filiotertio  genito  quondam  Thomte  Cuming-  de  Altyr,  et 
Margaret  GM*don  filite  dom.  Thonue  Gordon  de  Clunie  ejus  sponsce 
terranim  baronin  de  Altyr,  Delias  cum  mdendino.  Sec,"  dated  34th 
Novembef,  1601.  He  died  about  the  year  1610,  having  married 
MargM-et,  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  GordcHi  of  Clunie,  (by  his  Lady, 
Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Sir  William  Douglas,  afterwards  Earl  ei 
Angus,)  and  had  issue,  an  only  son  ^nd  successor, 

James  Cuming  of  Altyr,  who  acquired,  from  John    Dunbar  of 


*  He  got  a  dtvtcr,  under  the  gnat  leal,  npon  Ut  fiitber't  re^oMmiv  Alncaodro  Cmmitig,  i^^miU 
()e  Altyr,  ternrum  de  TuUidoy;,  cum  molendino,  in  *ioecomilAlu  de  Forres,  &c."t  dated  lit  Novem- 
t)er.  lfiS6,  He  wu  a  man  of  gmt  baverr  and  reaolation,  Joining  bli  coiuin,  the  Earl  of  Huntly,  In 
Iherdgnof  Kiag  Jamts  VI.,  and  having  iberammand  of  a  troop  of  hone,  at  the  battle  of  Glealivet, 
where  the  king'*  troopi,  under  the  command  of  the  Earl  of  Argyle,  were  defeated,  In  15M.  On  bia 
death,  ihe  perio4  of  which  ia  not  aaeertained,  tluiugli  it  wai  before  1601,  without  Imuc,  he  va»  aucceed- 
ed  by  bli  lurrlTing  bmther,  Jamaa,  at  noticed  In  the  text. 

t  To  Alexander  Coming,  brir-apparept  of  Altyr,  of  the  landi  of  TulUdory,  with  the  nuileturea,  is 
tite  Sheriffdom  of  Foma. 


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PAST   II.  QXOOIUPHI    OF    MOBAV.  137 

Weatfield,  heritable  Sheriff  of  Moray,  a  right  to  the  Sberifiahip,  so 
for  aa  concerned  ^e  estates  of  Aityr,  Gdinkelly,  Dollas,  &e.,  for 
which  joriadiction  he  paid  Westfield  7000  merka,  as  appears  by  an 
i^reement  to  that  effect,  dated  October  31,  1610.  He,  afterwards, 
got  a  charter,  ander  the  great  seal,  **  Jacobse  Cuming  de  Altyr,  ter- 
nrnm  de  Crosstoun  com  jure  patronatus  eccIesiK  de  Delias,  &c." 
dated  December  3,  163S ;  and  died  In  the  beginning  of  the  reign 
of  King  Charles  I.,  having  married  Margaret  Fraser,  daughter 
of  Hn^,  dxth  Lord  Lorat,  with  whom  he  had  87,000  merks,  a 
eonsiderable  sum  in  those  days,  and  by  whom  he  had  issue.  She 
was  infeft  in  the  lands  of  Relugas,  which  she  had  for  a  jointure,  in 
IflOS.  Cnlbokie,  Strioben,  and  Belladmm,  are  the  witnesses.  She 
is  given  to  Altyre,  sua  pnra  rirginitate, — a  phrase  so  often  repeated 
io  the  charter,  that  it  seems  to  have  been  looked  on,  in  the  Aird,  in 
Aose  days,  as  something  onnsoal. 

Bobert,  his  successor,  who  got  a  charter,  under  the  great  seal, 
"  Roberto  Coming  de  Altyr,  terrarnm  baronin  de  Altyr,  Delias, 
See."  lying  in  4he  Aire*  of  Elgin,  Forres,  and  Nahm,  dated  July 
SI,  1838.  He  married  Isabel,  daughter  of  Sir  Bobert  Innes  of 
Balvenny,  and  died  about  lOSS,  having  had  a  daughter,  Jane,  (wife 
*f  James  Cuming  of  Belugas,  by  whom  she  had  issue},  and  two 
sons ;  viz.  Bobert,  his  heir ;  and,  John,  to  vrfaom  he  gave  the  lands 
of  Logic,  Ardoch,  &t.,  and  who  was  progenitor  of  the  Cumings  of 
Legie,  &c. 

Bobert  Comyn,  the  elder  son,  and  successor  to  his  father,  got  a 
charter,  under  the  great  seal,  from  King  Charies  II.,  "Roberto 
Cuming  de  Altyr,  terrarnm  baronite  de  Altyr,  Delias,  &c.,  quie  per- 
prius  fuerunt  quondam  Roberti  Cumming  de  Altyr  sui  patris,  &c., 
dated  14th  February,  1663.  In  1668,  he  sold  the  Barony  of  Dalla* 
to  Sir  L.  Gordon.  In  1673,  he  was  summoned  as  chief  of  his  dan, 
by  the  Lords  of  the  Privy  Council,  to  find  caution  for  his  whole 
name  and  clan,  as  appears  by  the  Records  of  the  Privy  Council, 


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1:28  OEUUKAPHY    OF    MORAY.  '  PART   II. 

and  a  bond  of  relief,  by  his  friends  and  vassals,  is  given,  in  the  Ap- 
pendix. , There  is  an'  excellent  portrut  of  this^tobert>  at  Altyr, 
painted  by  Closterman,  1686.  He  married,  first,  Jean,  daughter  tif 
Sir  Robert  Burnet  of  Leys,  Baronet,  and  widow  of  Sir  William 
Forbes  of  Monymusk,  (by  whom  he  had  no  issue) ;  and,  secondly, 
Lucy,  eldest  daughter  of  Sir  Ludoviek  Gordon,  the  second  Baronets 
of  Gordonstown,  (son  of  Sir  Robert,  first  Baronet  of  Nova  Scotia, 
second  son  of  Alexander  Gordon,  fifteenth  £arl  of  Sutherland,  by 
Lady  Jean  Gordou,  daughter  of  George,  fourth  Earl  of  Huntly).  by 
whom,  on  his  decease  at  the  Castle  of  DoUas,  (now  called  Torchastle), 
he  left  a  son, 

Alexander,  a  nnnor.  He  died,  at  an  advanced  age,  about  1750, 
having  married,  about  168S,  during  his  minorityi  Elizabeth,  daughr 
ter  of  James  Brodie  of  that  Ilk«  (by  his  wife.  Lady  Mary  Kerr, 
daughter  of  William,  third  Earl  of  Lothian),  and  leaving  three  sons 
and  four  daughters, — viz,  1st,  James,  who  succeeded  him,  in  1.713, 
and,  during  his  minority,  travelled  much  abroad.  The  Marquis  of 
Huntly,  and  the  Earl  of  Moray,  were  his  guardians,  and  contributed 
much  to  the  re-Cstablishment  of  his  estate,  which  had  been  involved, 
during  the  troubles  of  these  times.  He  died,  in  London,  in  1754> 
unmarried ;  2d,  Alexander,  of  whom  hereafter ;  and,  3d,  George, 
who  went  early  into  the  marine  service,  but  soon  removed  into^ 
Nainon's  dragoons,  in  which  he  remained  for  some  years.  A^  the 
battle  of  Falkirk,  his  horse  was  killed  under  him  ;  and,  being  rode 
over  by  the  cavalry  in  their  retreat,  he  was  so  much  braised,  that  he 
was  taken  prisoner.  On  his  father's  death,  he  retired  from  the  ser- 
vice, and  died  at  Altyr,  unmarried,  January  18,  1776.  Having 
great  ascendancy  over  his  iather,  he  got  him  to  make  a  deed  of 
settlement  of  the  estate  upon  him,  to  the  prejudice  of  his  brother, 
Alexander,  which  being  ratified  by  his  brother,  James,  was  found 
sufficient,  in  law,  to  set  aside  that  part  of  the  marriage  contract 
which  regulated  the  succession  to  the  estate. 


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PABT    11.  GKOORAPHV   OF    HOllAV.  139 

Alexander,  the  second  son,  also  entered  early  into  the  profession 
of  arms,  and  served  at  the  battle  of  Almanza.  He  married  Anne, 
daughter  of  John  Wortley,  Esq.,  of  Jamaica,  by  whom  he  bad,  Ist, 

Alexander ;  3d.  —  a  son  ;  3d, a  daughter,  who  died  young:  J 

and,  4th,  Elizabeth,  who  died  unmarried.  He  died  at  Workingham, 
September  8,  1730.  and  was  succeeded  by  his  elder  son, 

Alexander,  whose  natural  abilities  and  undaunted  intrepedity,  did 
honour  to  the  race  from  whence  he  sprung'.  He  chose  the  naval 
profession,  and  had  spent  some  years  in  that  gallant  service,  when 
tile  Kent  man-of-war,  to  which  he  belonged,  as  a  midshipman,  was 
ordered  to  the  West  Indies.  On  his  passiiig-e  to  Jamaica,  he  receiv- 
ed an  insult  from  one  of  the  Lieutenants,  which  he  was  under  the 
necessity  of  noticing,  on  reaching  Fort- Royal.  He  was  fortunate 
enough  to  wound  and  disarm  his  antagonist ;  but,  aware  that  hi» 
offence,  in  the  then  prevailing  system  of  the  Navy,  would  not  be 
passed  over ;  and,  taking;'  it  for  granted  that  his  life  would  be  render- 
ed miserable,  by  the  decision  which  must  take  place  on  the  subject, 
he  determined  to  renounce  his  profession,  and,  accordingly,  entered 
into  Harrison's  regiment,  then  preparing  to  embark,  on  the  ill-ma- 
naged and  fatal  expedition  to  Oarthagena.  He  was  present  at  the. 
attempt  to  storm  the  Boccachica  fort ;  and,  on  acconnt  of  the  un- 
common  gallantry  which  he  displayed  on  that  occasion,  received, 
immediate  promotion.  He  was  an  intimate  friend  of  the  late  Sir 
Ralph  Abercromby'a,  and  Dr  Smollet's,  the  Historian,  who  were 
both  in  the  expedition.  On  the  regiment's  return  from  this  expedi- 
tion, it  was  stationed  at  Jamaica ;  and,  while  there,  in  1741,  in  right 
of  his  mother,  he  was  put  into  possession  of  several  valuable  proper- 
ties. He  was,  afterwards,  nith  his  regiment,  at  the  siege  of  Ostend, 
and,  on  the  expedition  to  L'Orient,  in  Brittany,  from  whence  he 
accompanied  it  to  Portsmouth,  where  it  received  orders  to  embark, 
in  transports,  for  Ireland ;  but,  on  getting  down  to  the  mouth  of  the 
Channel,  the  fleet  was  dispersed,  in  a  gale  of  wind,  and  driven  into 

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140  UKuOUAi'HY    UJ^    MUiiAy.  PART   II. 

iht  pui-tii  of  CoNiwall,  where  the  reg^imant  w»  dutmbarked,  and 
remained  Bome  time  in  cantonments.  Wtiife.  tfa«fe,  be  Biarried 
Grace  Pierce,  niece  and  abie  beircas  ai  John  Feiiroae*  of  Penroa^ 
Esq.,  at  which  place  he  died,  in  17  ,  leanng;  six  flons  and  three 
daughters, — via.  1st,  Alexander  Penrose,  of  whom  hereafter;  3d, 
John,  a  Fellow  of  Winchester  College,  died  18  ;  M,  Edward,  • 
Captain  in  the  naval  service  of  the  Hononrable  East  India  Com- 
pany, died,  at  Richmond,  18  ;  4th,  George,  Member  of  Parliament 
for  the  Inverness  district  of  burghs ;  5th,  James,  a  Fellow  of  New 
College,  Oxford.  He  gained  the  prize  for  Latin  verses,  in  17  ; 
(vide  Oxford  Prize  Poems) ;  he  died,  17  ;  6th,  William,  died  in 
the  civil  service  of  the  Honourable  East  India  Company.  The 
daughters  were — 1st,  Jean,  married  to  the  Bev.  Jonatban  Rashleigh 
of  Silverton,  in  the  county  of  Devon ;  3d,  Mary,  married  to  William 
Veale  of  Travelo,  in  Cornwall,  Esq. ;  and,  3d,  Emily,  married  ta 
John  ftuicke  of  Newton-house,  Esq. 

Alexander  Penrose  Cuming,  the  eldest  son,  having  been  eduoatcd 
at  Caen,  in  Normandy,  went  early  into  the  army,  where  he  remain- 
ed some  years.  In  179S,  he  succeeded,  as  heir  of  entail,  to  the  estalea 
of  Sir  William  Gordon  of  Gordonstown,  Baronet,  and  took  the  name 
and  arms  of  Gordon,  in  pursuance  to  his  will.  In  1803,  he  repre- 
sented the  burghs  of  Inverness,  Nairn,  &c.,  in  parliament ;  and,  in 
1804,  May  13th,  he  was  created  a  Baronet.  Sir  Alexander  married, 
in  1773,  Helen,  daughter  of  Sir  Ludovick  Grant  of  Grant,  in  Scot- 
land,' Baronet,  by  whom  he  had  issue  seven  sons  and  nine  dangh- 
ters, — viz.  1st,  George,  who  died  at  St  Helena,  in  1800,  in  the  Hoo^ 
curable  East  India  Company's  civil  service ;  3d,  Alexander  Pen.- 
rose,  who  died  young ;  3d,  Sir  William  Gordon,  his  successor ;  4tb, 


f  PnraM  U  w  CkUfld,  in  (be  Conihh  lamgiu^ie,  from  beinft  dtiimted  at  the  hcwl  of  a  vaUey,  ■  Ptt* 
risnlfyiDK  R  bM^,  uhI  'IUs*  a  vallef,  near  a  promontory  of  laod  i  and  Folwbele  taya,  Diat  it  gare  nans 
W  a  asilly  Mated  there  tafiav  the  ooi^neat. 


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PART   11.  GSOOftAPHy    OF    UOILAY.  181 

Jame^  who  died  young ;  5tb,  Charles  Lennox,  Major  of  the  Inver^ 
nesft-shire  Militia,  to  whom  he  left  the  lauds  of  Dumphail,  Rose-Isle, 
and  Coltsfield.  He  married  Mary  Bruce  of  Kinnatrd,  a  grand- 
daughter of  the  Abyssinian  Bruce,  and  by  her  has  issue,  a  daughter ; 
6th,  John  Penrose ;  and,  7th,  Edward  Penrose,  who  died  young.  The 
daughters  were — 1st,  Margaret,  married  to  Samuel  Madden,  Esq.,  » 
Major  in  the  army ;  3d,  Helen,  married  to  Sir  Archibald  Dunbar  of 
Northfield,  Baronet ;  3d,  Louisa,  wife  of  Lord  Medwyn,  son  of  Sir 
William  Forbes  of  Pitsligo,  Baronet ;  4th,  Jane  ;  5th,  Mary ;  6th, 
Emilia;  7tli,  Sophia;  8th,  Edwina ;  and,  9th,  Charlotte,  who  died 
at  Clifton,  in  1806.  Sir  Alexander  died  February  10.  1806,  and 
was  buried  at  Gordonstown. 

Sir  William  Gordon  Cuming,  the  second  and  present  Baronet, 
was  bom  July  20, 1787.  In  September,  1815,  he  married,  at  Zurich, 
ia  Switzerland,  Eliza  Maria,  eldest  daughter  of  John  Campbell  of 
Islay,  by  Lady  Charlote  Maria  Campbell,  daughter  of  John,  Duke 
of  Argle,  and  has  issue, — viz.  1st,  Alexander  Penrose;  2d,  Anne 
Seymour  Conway ;  3d,  Boualeyn  George ;  4th,  Henry ;  5tb,  Ade- 
lude  Eliza ;  and,  6th,  John  Randolph. 

Arms  of  the  house  of  Altyre ; — Azure,  three  garbs  of  wheat.  Or. 
Crest,  a  Lion  Rampant,  Or.  holding  in  hia  dexter  paw,  a  dagger 
proper.  Motto,  COURAGE.  Supporters,  two  horses  at  liberty* 
Argent ;  their  manes,  tails,  and  hoof^.  Or. 

PARISH  OF  EDINEELLY. 

The  parish  of  Edinkelly,  i;  e.  the  fece  of  the  wood,  or  a  wood  ia 
the  face  of  th^  hill.  I  incline  to  think  that  here  -was  the  Cawoodt 
a-nd  Logwfoidil^fnach,  mentioned  in  the  Appendix,  No  X.,  and  that 
most  part  of  the  parish  was  anciently  a  forest.  The  church  standetb 
on  a  brook  called  Duvie,  five  miles  south  of  Forres,  three  nulef 


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132  QGOGRAPUY   OF    MO&AV.  PART   JI. 

north-east  of  Arddach,  and  seven  miles  north  of  Cromdale.  In  the 
south-east  of  ^e  parish,  a  part  of  the  estate  of  Altyre,  viz.  Phorp, 
Brylac,  Dallasbraehti^,  Sec,  lie  m  the  face  of  the  ridg;e  of  hills  to- 
wards Strathspey.  Westward,  on  the  river,  is  Slute,  pertaining  to 
James  Cummine  (grandson  of  Mr  David  Cummine,  Minister  of 
Edinkelly)  of  the  family  of  Relugas.  Abore  which,  on  the  river,  is 
Log;ie,  the  heritage  of  Robert  Cummine,  ^  branch  of  the  house  of 
Altyre.  Next  up  the  river,  and  south  of  Duvie  water,  which  here 
fatleth  into  the  river,  is  Belugas,  the  heritage  of  Dr  Patrick  Cum- 
mine, Minister  at  Edinbui^h,  whose  family  have  enjoyed  that  estate 
for  several  generations,  and  of  which  family  I  shall  here  give  notum 
account. 

THE  FAMILY  OF  CUMMINE  OF  BELUGAS. 

It  cannot  be  questioned,  that  Cummine  of  Belugas  is  descended 
of  the  funily  of  Lord  Badenoch.  It  is  said  they  possessed  the  landi 
of  Presly  above  three  hundred  years  ago  ;  and  I  think  it  probable 
that  their  ancestor  was  a  son  of  Cummine  of  Glenchernich,  a  direct 
branch  from  Lord  Badenoch.  The  lands  of  Belugas  were  purchas- 
ed by  Jatnes  Cummine  of  Presly,  son  of  William  Cummine  of  Pres- 
ley. This  James  was  father  of  a  numerous  family,  who  were  much 
fjod  jusUy  respected,  and  were  firm  adherents  to  the  religion  and 
liberties  of  their  country,  in  the  reigns  of  the  royal  brothers.  James 
of  Belugas  was  much  esteemed  in  the  country  of  Moray.  He  was 
succeeded  by  his  eldest  son  John  Cummine  of  Belugas.  His  second 
son,  William,  was  professor  of  philosophy  in  the  University  of  Edin- 
burgh. John,  the  third  son,  was  Minister  of  Aldearn,  and  Dean  of 
Moray,  a  man  of  great  piety  and  benevolence.  In  the  year  1681, 
he,  with  many  more  of  the  clergy,  subscribed  the  Test,  with  an  ex- 
plication ;  but,  upon  reflection,  he  retracted,  and  demitted  his  charge 
in  1682  ;  yet  so  much  was  he  regarded,  that  the  Earl  of  Findlater^ 


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1>AHT   II.  GUOOKAPHY    OP    MUKAV.  133 

to  whom  he  was  related,  called  him  to  the  parish  of  CuUen,  where 
he  lived  undisturbed.  David,  the  fourth  son,  was  Minister  of  Edia- 
kelly.  a  man  of  such  knowledgpe  and  prudence,  that  his  house  was  a 
little  academy,  in  which  the  children  of  the  best  Camilies  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood had  their  education.  Patrick,  the  fifth  son,  was  Minister 
of  Ormieston ;  and  Duncan,  the  young'est,  was  a  Doctor  of  Medicine* 
and  was  physician  to  King  William's  army  at  the  battle  of  the  Boine, 
anno  1690.  Afterwards  be  settled  in  Dublin,  where  he  died,  anno 
1734.  So  great  was  his  desire  to  propagate  the  knowledge  of  the 
Christian  religion,  that  he  made  a  contribution  in  Ireland,  of  which 
be  himself  gave  £100  Sterling,  and,  upon  this,  three  Schools  were 
established  in  Edinkelly.  John  was  succeeded  by  his  eldest  son> 
James  Cummine  of  Relugas, '  who,  by  Jean,  daughter  of  Robert 
Cummine  of  Altyre,  had  two  sons ;  Robert,  bis  heir,  and,  John,  a 
physician,  iu  Irvine.  Robert  Cummine  of  Relugas,  by  Magdalane 
Frazer,  of  the  family  of  Kinkell,  a  Cadet  of  the  house  of  Lovat,  had 
two  sons ;  Patrick,  his  heir,  and  John.  Robert  was  succeeded  by 
his  eldest  son,  the  reverend  Mr  Patrick  Cummine*  of  Relugas,  D.  D. 


*  Dr  OimiulDQ  mw  a  m&n  of  uacommoa  talenti,  industriouiljr  improved  by  unicmitling  itudy ;  and 
bb  nutntucript  liecturei  on  Church  History,  and  other  vritiags,  lufflcieiitly  ealablith  the  great  depdi 
and  extent  of  his  learning.  He  wai  a  (calous  divine,  and  a  powerful  prwcber  ;  snd,  having  lived  In 
doM  friendship  with  ibe  celebrated  Johu  Duke  of  Argyle,  the  whole  weifrbt  of  church  aflbin  fell  to  hU 
management,  and  were  conducted  by  him  with  all  the  delicacy  and  judgment  which  ttie  nature  «f  the 
tlmei  required ;  m  that  he  wu  unlveraally  beloved  and  respected  by  kla  brethren.  Dr  Cummine  mar- 
ried Jane  Lauder,  eldest  daughter  and  co>beiresi  of  David  Lauder,  Esq.,  Advocate,  of  Hunlly  Wood,  la 
Berwickshire,  who  was  (he  thlid  sod  of  Sir  John  Lauder  of  rountainhnll,  Barooel,  Lord  FouDtalnhall. 
By  Ibis  Lady  he  had  seven  Mms,  Robert,  David,  John,  Charles,  Patrick,  George,  and  Thomaa ;  and  four 
daughten,  Marion,  Magdalene,  Margaret,  and  Jane.  These  all  died,  unmarried,  except  Patrick  and 
George.  Robert  succeeded  his  father  in  his  professional  chair,  and  held  it  till  hla  death,  Patrick,  who 
was  remarkable  for  bis  knowledge  of  languages,  waa,  for  many  years.  Professor  of  Oriental  Tongun  i« 
die  Univenity  of  Glasgow,  and  died  in  1820.  He  had  Issue  two  sons,  Patrick  and  William,  and  £*• 
daughters.  Patrick  died,  a  young  man,  in  Egypt,  whither  he  bad  gallantly  volunteered  with  the  amty^ 
pgd  left  no  iMue,    The  family  of  Relugas,  theiefore,  is  now  represented  by  the  only  survirhig  son  of 


ih 


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134  GEOGRAPHY   OF    MORAY.  PART    II. 

.Re<nus  Professor  of  Divinity  and  Ecclesiastical  History,  in  the 
University  of  Edinburgh,  and  one  of  the  Ministers  of  that  city. 

Arms  of  the  family  of  Relugras.  Azure,  a  strawberry  leaf  Argent, 
between  three  garbs,  Or.  Crest,  a  Lion  rampant.  Gules,  holding 
in  his  dexter  paw  a  dagger  proper.     Motto,  COURAGE. 

From  Relugas  to  the  south-east,  on  both  sides  of  Duvie  water,  is 
the  Barony  of  Dunphail,  which  was  the  heritage  of  Dunbar  of  Dun- 
phail,  descended  of  Westfield,  for  nearly  250  years,  and,  about  1738, 
purchased  by  Colonel  Ludovick  Grant,  brother  to  Sir  James  Grant 
of  Grant.  The  Colonel  dying  in  1743,  in  the  expedition  to  Car- 
thagena,  the  Barony  is  now  the  property  of  Sir  James  Grant.  In 
the  south  end  of  the  parish,  on  a  brook  called  Dava,-are  the  lands  of 
Knock,  Tombain,  Kerraw,  &c.,  the  property  of  the  Earl  of  Moray. 
On  the  west  side  of  the  river  Erne,  ^e  parish  runneth  north  to  the 


'Pnifeisor  Patrick  of  Glasgow,  Dr  William  Cummiue,  ad  eminmt  Physlcuu,  mow  practisiDg  inhii  natiTB, 
city. 

The  Rev.  Dr  Patrick  Cummiue  came  to  the  reiolutbni  of  aelliag  his  eatafea,  to  enable  him  to  make 
proper  provUkm  for  his  bmily.  He,  therefore,  dlsposedvf  bis  wife's  half  of  Huntly  Wodd,  in  Berwick- 
thire,  to  hli  brother-in-law,  Mr  Innes  of  Slowe;  and  alio  told  his  estate  in  Aynbire.  The  old  lamily 
property  of  Relngas  was  likewise  advertised ;  bat  the  reluctance  he  (bit  at  the  prospect  of  its  altenatioa, 
Induced  hiia  to  radeavour  to  pemiade  his  son,  Geoi^e,  to  become  the  purchaser  of  it,  in  which  he  irith 
some  difficulty  succeeded,  the  appearrace  of  the  place  being  then  ru^ed,  bare,  and  unpromiaiiig ;  and 
baring  nothing  to  recommend  it  bat  its  wild  nature.  Notwithstanding  ike  difficultiea  he  had  to  en- 
counter, Mr  George  Cummine  set  about  improving,  enclosing,  and  planting,  with  a  decree  of  vigour, 
that  very  soon  altered  the  face  of  his  paternal  possession.  He  brought  Mr  Alexander  Wiiaon  from  Ber-  ' 
'Wic]tAire,and  with  hhn  introduced  the  improved  turnip  htubondry  of  that  country.  To  Mr  Cvmmine's 
aaperior  taste  Is  to  be  attributed,  that  happy  mixture  of  lawn  and  woodUnd,  which,  added  to  the  variety 
of  elevation  In  its  surface,  and  the  romantic  scenery  of  Its  two  rivers,  faave  consjured  to  make  Relngai 
a  spot  of  peculiar  attraction  to  every  admirer  of  runl  beauty. 

Geoi^  Cummine,  Esq.,  W.  S.,  died  in  1801.  By  his  wife,  Susanna  Juditb  Craigie  Halkett,  eldest 
daughter  of  Colonel  Halkett  of  Hallhill,  in  Fifeshire,  he  had  one  daughter  and  heircn,  <3iarles  Amie 
Cainmiue,wliomarrledheraiirdcoushi,  the  present  Sir  Thomas  Dick  Lauderof  Grange  and  Founlaln- 
faall.  Baronet.  They  have  Issue,  alive,  two  sons,  John  and  George ;  and  six  daughters,  Satan,  Cornelia, 
Charlotte  Gordon,  Isabella,  Julia  Jane,  and  Aladalena. 

Belgfaa  having  thus  become  the  pn^terty  of  Sir  Tbomu  Lauder,  some  account  of  bis  descent  mw 


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PART   II.  QEOtiRAPHV   OP    MORAT.  135 

jB^tes  of  Tfunua  Castle.  The  lauds  of  Dunduff,  in  this  parish,  were 
the  heritage  of  William  Falconer,  son  of  Alexander  6f  Hakerton 
uid  Lethin,  and  father  of  Colin,  Bishop  of  Moray ;  but  now  all  this 
part  of  the  parish  is  the  property  of  the  Earl  of  Moray,  and  the 
whole  parish  was,  anciently,  a  part  of  that  Earldom.     Next  is 

THE  PARISH  OF  ARDCLACH. 

The  parish  oi  Ardclach,  i.  e.  a  stony  hig-h  ground,  lieth  on  botli 
sides  of  the  river.  The  church  standeth  on  the  south-west  bank  of 
the  river,  three  miles  south-west  of  Edenkelly,  nine  miles  south-east 
of  Moy,  and  five  miles  east  of  Calder.  On  the  east  side  of  the  river 
are  the  lands  of  Ardrie,  Logie,  Femes,  and  Aitnach,  pertaining  to 
Hugh  Rose  of  Kilravock ;  and  above  these  is  Dunem,  th'e  property 
of  the  family  of  Brodie  of  Lethin.  Close  by  the  church  of  Edenkel- 
ly, on  the  opposite  side  of  the  brook,,  is  Glenernie,  a  small  feu,  pos- 


not  be  albigetber  out  of  place  here,  Mpeciallf,  u  in  the  early  history  of  hb  bmlly,  bis  ancealori  had 
enuifenfale  pmmmIods  m  the  Prarluee  of  Morsy ;  and  thai  no  correct  account  of  tbetn  hu  hitherto 
teen  gtrcn  by  any  aatbor  who  has  vrittcn  about  them.  From  the  ample  document*  for  an  extended 
Konlogy  whkb  b«  can  produce,  we  shall  content  ourselves  with  giving  a  brief  notice. 

The  name  of  Lwider,  anciently  de  lAvedre,  Is  of  Nonnan  origin.  Leslteiia,  and  the  other  Soottlih 
Uttorians,  mention  tbe  Lander  as  one  of  those  English,  or  Anglo-Norman  Barons,  who  came  into  ScoL- 
land.  In  lOSBi  with  Malcolm  Canmore,  to  asdst  him  in  recorcring  his  kingdom  from  the  usurper  Mac- 
be«tb.  In  recompente  for  his  services,  de  Lavedre  receired'gnnts  of  land  ^m  the  King,  at  LondoOi 
Id  Berwickshire,  to  which  he  gnre  his  name,  as  some  of  the  other  Knights  had  giren  theirs  to  the  teni- 
loriea  tbey  had  acquired ;  and  that,  a-i  Bwthhis  inlbnns  ns,  in  obedience  (o  the  King's  genenil  com- 
inand  to  that  effect,  de  IjiTedre  also  rei^ived  varioDi  other  possesion*  in  Berwick -shire,  Peebles-sblre, 
the  Lothtens,  and  in  the  Province  of  Mony,  where  he  seem*  to  have  had  a  share  of  the  property  which 
Haebelh  had  set  apart  for  himself.  The  nest  of  tbe  bmily  of  whom  there  is  any  particular  notice  is 
Robolns  de  Ijivedre,  who  was  in  tbe  third  crusade  against  the  Infidels,  in  I I8S ;  be  seems  to  have  been 
the  fifth  Baron.  Sir  Robert  de  lAvedre,  .the  brare  associate  of  William  Wallace,  mho  seems  to  have 
been  the  eighth  Baron,  is  the  next  of  whom  we  have  any  certain  account.  His  monument  existed  in . 
dte  timeof  Nisbet,  who  gives  its  inscription  at  length  ;  he  died  iu  1311,  The  present  representative 
Msaesses  an  original  charter  fKim  William  de  Lamblrton,  Bishop  of  S(  Andrews,  to  Robert  de  Lavedre* 
of  that  fragment  of  the  Ishuid  of  Bass  over  which  the  Abbey  of  St  Andrews  had  hitherto  retained  a 
right ;  for  the  family  had  possessed  the  rock  for  generations  before.  It  is  dated  the  4th  June,  131ii ;  u 
In  also  tbe  charter  of  confirmatioi  by  John  de  Forbr,  Prior  of  8t  Andrews,  In  the  nme  custody.    Thfa 


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130  UCOUKAPUV    OF    .VlUttAV.  PART    II. 

sessed,  for  several  generations,  by  a  branch  of  the  Frasertt,  descend- 
ed of  Hugh.  Laird  of  Beaufort,  who  died  anno  1450.     In  1357. 


Robvrt  wu  AmbMaadoc  to  BoRluid,  from  Robert  I.,'  on  nrtoui  occutons,  m  ia  proved  by  the  stite 
papens  publidied  b;  Rfmer,  in  hb  Fadetm,  In  13S3,  hs  mu  one  of  the  pnixiet  in  the  oatb  of  Peace 
with  Edwardt  on  which  occasion  beiiroie^  "on  &e  Soul  of  the  Bruce,"  for  the  due  maiDteDance  of  it, 
by  the  Seottiah  khig.  Agab,  we  fiod  him  acting  u  EL^iert^i  proxy,  in  his  oath  giren  in  the  treaty  of 
mairiage  proposed  between  his  son,  David,  the  Prince  of  Scotland,  and  Johanna,  Priacesi  of  England. 
He  has  charters  frmn  Robert  I.  and  David  II.,— waa  prewnt  at  the  iiattle  of  Halidon,  in  1333 ;  but,  aa 
iIm  Scottiib  amy  attached  on  foot,  his  age  compelled  him,  and  several  othar  vetenui  Koighls,  named 
by  Kni^too,  to  be  speatetora  of  that  bloody  field  in  whiA  his  ion  was  engaged.  Thia  Holiert  held  the 
ofllce  of  JusUefauins  Landonim  for  many  years.  His  aou,  Air  Robert,  fought  at  Halidon  in  the  Thnd 
divinlon  of  the  amy,  under  Archibald  Douglaa,  LoM  of  Qalloway,  nicknamed  Tynetnan,  then  Rq^ent 
'oTScotUnd.  Immediately  after  the  defeat,  Sir  Robert,  who  was  Justiciary  by-north  the  Forth,  hasten- 
.rd  tq.oecupytheCaatleof  Urqiihart,oneof  theoniy  four  strengths  which  held  out,  for  the  Scottish  king 
ajtd  paaploi  agXlBit  the  power  of  Edward.  He  waa  often  called,  of  Qnarrelwood ;  and  he  so  dedgnates 
himself^  **  Rvtertus  de  lAvedra  MIlea,  Domlons  de  Qoarrelwood  in  Moravia,"  In  a  charter  tn  whidi 
he  dlipoaas  of  certain  pnqwrty  in  and  abont  the  burgh  of  "  Lavedre,"  to  a  near  rdation,  from  whom  the 
charter  eaine  again  into  the  family,  where  it  is  atill  pteaerved,  and  a  copy  of  which  ii  ginm  hi  the  Ap- 
pendix, In  It  are  the  names  of  his  son  and  grandson,  from  which  circuoutance  it  would  appear  to  have 
been  executed  when  lie  was  br  advanced  in  life.  He  was  the  Robert  Lauder  of  Quarrelwood  who  it 
mentioned  hy  Shaw  lo  bis  aoconnt  of  the  Parislies  of  Sypnie,  Forrea,  and  Anldcam,  as  poasoalng  Quarrel* 
wood,  Grieabip,  Brightmony,  and  KjnatcMy.  He  gave  theae  propOTtiea,  with  his  daughter.  (oeAalnly 
not  his  heiress,  aa  Shaw  Ignotantly  calls  her),  to  Sir  Robert  ChlshBlnie,  tbraugh  whom  they  afterwards 
again  passed,  by  a  marriagB,  into  the  ftmily  of  Sntherland  uf  Duffua.  Sir  Alan  de  I^vedre  leems  to 
have  succeeded  his  grandfather  «■  Jnsticiarius  Landonia,  for  which  a  pension  was  granted  him.  He 
bad  nDmenms  charters  from  Robert  II.,  eipecialiy  one  of  the  lands  of  Halton,  In  West  Lothian,  by 
giving  which  lo  a  second  son,  he  appears  to  have  created  Hm  family  of  Lauder  of  Halton.  Sir  Alan 
married  Alicia  Campbell,  daughter  of  Sir  Bobert  Campbell  of  Lochawe,  the  Ninth  of  the  Argyle  ^mily, 
and  was  killed,  with  the  Douglas,  in  Spain,  as  he  returned  from  the  holy  Grave.  WilUMnXauder, 
ptsbop  of  Glasgow,  Chancellor  of  Scotland,  1423,  and  wtio  Jmilt  the  Steeple  of  Glaagow,  seems  to  have 
been  a  son  of  his.  The  eldest  son.  Sir  Robert,  who  was  surety  (or  the  peace  of  the  middle  mardiea,  la 
1396,  and  who,  in  1423,  waa  Joined  with  his  brother,  the  Chancellor,  in  an  emhaiay  to  Bof^Iand,  to  tml 
ahoat  the  liberation  of  King  Jamea  I.,  succeeded  Sir  Alan.  Alexander,  [nvbabiy  a  son  of  Hebert,  wa* 
installed  Bishop  of  Dnnkcld,  in.  1440,  but  died  the  same  year,  Sir  Edward  de  Lavedre,  the  eldest  son, 
was  tent  Ambassador  to  France^  in  1435,  to  negoclate  the  treaty  of  marriage  between  Ifwis  XI.  and 
Margaret,  daughter  of  James  I.,  and  the  contract  itself  was  signed  by  him  in  1436.  Thomas  Ijmder, 
bom  in  1430,  probably  a  younger  son  of  Sir  Edward,  was  installed  Bishop  of  Dnnkeld  in  hii  60th  year, 
and  filled  that  Episcopal  chair  for  30  yean  afterwards.  Sir  Alan  de  Lavedre  was  sentl  with  Sir  Wil- 
liam of  Halton,  by  the  Dongias,  in  1439,  to  negoclate  with  Oiarles  VII.  of  France,  about  his  Dukedom 
of  Tonraine,  which  they  obtained  for  him.    He  baa  an  Engliih  safe  conduct  in  I4A0k    Bobn^is  db 


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PAKT    il.  QKOORAPHV    OF   MORAY.  IM 

DallMbrachtie,  Cnugroy.  Gtenernie.  {N. — These  dow  belong  to 
Aliyre.)  Ardrie  and  Logietown.  were  the  fea-property  of  Jadie* 
Dunbar  of  Cunzie  aud  Kilbuiack,  (pen.  Cald.)  Mr  James  Grant 
^  Ardnellie,  son  of  Dnncan  Grant  of  Crrant,  purchased  Log;ie  and 
Ardrie ;  and,  his  son,  John  of  Logie,  bavins'  purchased  Moyne^ 
bis  brother,  m^lliam,  hful  Lojpe,  from  Mrhose  heirs  it  came  to  Kilra* 


lAvedre  U  «u  of  tbe  **  Couerriton  Trraganun  pro  illostriMimo  Prindpe  Scotanm,"  in  1453.  Hl» 
■Ml,  Robert,  bu  >>((!  eondiietf  to  England  In  1470  ud  1477.  Sir  George  Lander  wu  killed  at  Flodden, 
VFith  JMm  IV.  Tbe  Lftlri  of  Laudar  (Robert)  li  menHoned  hy  Leslie  n  being  one  of  the  nratiee  Ibr 
the  good  bebariMir  of  the  E^l  of  Amo,  and  ai  being  executed  in  tbe  Cutle  of  Edinburgh,  in  1514,  (■ 
omieqneuce  of  tbat  Earl'i  defection  and  flight.  Sir  Hobnt,  succeeded,  triio,  in  1531,  entered  Into  m 
Iwlenture  with  dte  Prior  aad  MMikaof  Dundee,  giving  tbem  an  ananil  rent  of  £10  out  of  certu^  laadk, 
ixe  which  the^  bind  tbemaelves  to  ili^  certain  nuuaei  for  hii  lonl  after  hit  dentb,  annnallf,  at  cnlibi 
periods,  iriilcb  curious  docuinmt  iipreaerred  bf  hiirepreaenUtire.  He  it  inu  irbo  leema  to  bare  made 
•  aepanle  fiunll^  of  Bn*,  hf  giving  tbal,  and  certain  eitates,  (o  a  younger  mii.  Jeba.  Hi*  eldest  BOn, 
Qeorge,  bad  an  dder  wen  (probably  Robert)  irbo  carried-ra  tb«  chief  braadi  of  the  ftmily  lU-  fhrM 
genetationi,  until  it  terminated  in  Robert  Louder,  vho  died  a  ymitb,  as  the  inirriptiom  on  his  mran* 
Beat,  at  Lender,  infbrnn  us,—"  Hie  Jacet  Robertus  I^uderius  filius  unlcns  Roberti  L^uderii  antlqua 
DoBiusDominl,bonvBpe{adoleaceus,Obilt,  aoBoDoiDlnl,  IMSor  9."t  The  head  of  the  Kcnnd  bnudi, 
that  is,  the  Lalnl of  Lauder's  second  son,  William,  and  bit  vifb,  Mary  Macdougmllof  Makeriten,  in  Ber- 
wickshire,  had  an  only  km,  Willtam,  who  married  Ellnbetb,  dati^bter  of  Ballenden  of  Broughton,  by 
whrai  be  bad  tfarsB  aooa.  Tbe  two  eldeal  were  killed,  with  many  of  Ifaeir  rekHons,  in  1508,  bi  the 
lows  of  l^udei^,  by  tbe  Lord  Hoxie,  at  the  bead  of  the  poirerful  border  clans  of  Homes  and  CraastOM, 
fiien  at  feud  with  the  Lauders.  Tlie  youngrat  son,  Andrew,  Mcaping  from  tbe  trreck  of  his  fkmily,  fied 
la  hit  aiolher^i  relatkmt,  and,  manyloipJanet  Ramsay  of  Polton,  (Cadets  of  the  Dalbaiisie  fanily),  bad 
BB  only  MB,  Sir  Jabn  louder  af  Newiugtoo,  Bdringbm,  and  Fonutaiidiatl,  the  Bnt  Baronet  of  dte 
fhnily,  and  wbo,  by  tbe  death  of  tbe  last  of  tite  elder  branch,  his  third  cousin,  Robert  Lauder  of  that 
Ok,  beouM  tbe  repnealatlve  of  Qui  family,  and,  on  proof  ihowu,  recdred  a  wamnt  troia  Ac  Lord 
Uqk,  to  bear  ila  armt  and  supporters  as  itt  ditef.  By  his  wife,  Isobel  Elli*  of  Mortonhall,  lie  bad  bit 
eldest  son,  Sir  John  Lanider,  the  second  Baronet,  a  Lord  of  Session  and  Justiciary,  by  the  title  of  Loii 
Ponntainbali,  well  known  for  bis  Decisions  and  other  works.  He  married  Janet,  daughter  of  Sir  Alex- 
^er  Ramsay,  Lord  Abbotihali,  and  by  her  bad  faiseldeat  sen,  Sir  John,  the  tkind  Baronet,  Barried,  in 
1606,  to  Itobei  Seton,  daughter  of  Sir  Alexander  Seton,  Loid  Fitmedden,  by  whom  he  had  his  eldest 
son.  Sir  Alexander,  tbe  fourth  Banmet.  He  dying,  unmarried,  in  1730,  was  succeeded  by  his  younger 
brother,  Sir  Andrew,  tte  flfHt  Banmel,  who  married  his  cousin,  Blicabedi  Diek,  beinwi  of  GnngOk 
Their  son.  Sir  Andrew  Lauder  Dick  of  Fuwtainhail  and  Grange,  the  sixth  Banntet,  manied  Blwheth* 
daugblor  of  ThouMS  Brown,  Esq,  of  JohnstmbDm,  by  whom  he  had  lits  only  son.  Sir  Thomas  Dick 
Jjuider  of  Gnnge  and  FotutatBhall,  the  seresith  Baranet,  lineal  inalo  n^presenlative  of  tlie.&mily  of 
I(a440F  of  Lander  Tower,  and,  Ibmu^  ^  bmale,  at  Dkk  of  Braii  and  Orange. 

t  Hera  lies  Robert  Lattder,  ealy  ton  of  Bobert  leader,  I^rd  of  this  ancient  boose,  a  youtt  of  geri 
NfCi.    lfedledtai(h«'y«nri>ronrl4onl,  Ar. 

t  M 


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138  GEOQBAPHV    OP    MORAV.  PAST    11. 

vock.  The  lands  of  Ferness  and  Aitnach,  were  sold,  by  Bishop  Pat- 
rick Hepburn,  to  Mr  John  Wood  of  Tilliderie,  who  disponed  them 
to  Kilravock. 

On  the  west  side  of  the  river,  and  close  by  it,  is  Daltulick,  and 
Culmonie,  purchased  from  Bishop  Hepbarn,  anno  1545,  and  ratified 
by  the  Pope's  bull,  1548.  At  Culmonie,  Kilravock  has  built  a  neat 
summer-house,  and  adorned  the  place  with  planting*  and  enclosures. 
North-west  is  the  Barony  of  Bellivat  and  Middle- Fleenes,  which, 
for  several  g^enerations,  were  the  heritag;e  of  Rose  of  Bellivat  (after-v 
wards  Blackhills,)  and,  about  the  year  1605,  were  sold  to  Falconer 
of  Lethin,  and  they  are  now  the  property  of  Brodie  of  Lethin,  and 
sp  are  the  lands  above  Culmonie,  on  the  side  of  the  river,  above  three 
miles.  These  were  a  part  of  the  estate  of  Lethin.  {  Vid.  Aidem  Par.) 
The  lands  of  Keppernack  and  Boath,  in  the  south-west  end  of  the 
parish,  and  Benhir,  in  the  Streins,  are  the  property  of  John  Camp- 
bell of  Calder.  Anno  1336,  reffni  Alexander  II.  22o  Alexander  de 
Horstrot  obtained  a  charter  of  Boath  and  Benchir,  (pen.  Cald.J,  and 
from  him  the  Thane  of  Calder  purchased  it.  In  1568,  Fleenes  and 
Keppernach  were  the  property  of  Mr  Alexander  Campbell,  son  of 
Sir  John  Campbell  of  Calder,  sold  to  Sir  John,  June  25,  1545,  by 
Patrick  Hepburn,  Bishop  of  Moray,  {pen.  Cald.J  And  Alexander's 
gfreat-grandsoD,  John  Campbell  of  Moy,  sold  these  lands  to  John 
Hay  of  Lochloy,  anno  1665,  who  disponed  them  to  Sir  Hugh  Camp- 
bell of  Calder,  anno  1669,  (Ibid.)  Two  miles  above  the  church  is 
the  bridg-e  of  Doulasie.  and,  for  four  miles  farther,  the  strath  or  val- 
ley, is  very  narrow,  enclosed  with  high  bills,  and  called  the  Streins, 
consisting  of  three  Davochs  of  land,  the  lower  in  Ardclach,  the  middle 
in  Calder,  and  the  upper  in  Moy  parish,  all  the  property  of  John 
Campbell  of  Calder.     This  leads  me  to 

THE  PARISH  OF  MOY. 

The  united  parish  of  Moy  and  Dalarasie.     Moy,  from  the  Irish, 


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PART    II..  GBOORAPHY    OF    MORAY.  139 

Magh,  signifies  a  meadow  or  plun^  and  Dah-FergvMU  is  Fergus' 
valley.  This  parish  stretcheth,  on  both  sides  of  the  river,  about  fif- 
teen miles,  and  is  strictly  called  Strathem,  a  part  of  the  ancient 
Earldom  of  Moray.  On  the  south-west  of  the  river,  above  the 
Streins,  the  Davoch  of  Moy  julteth  north-west,  among  the  hills,  above 
two  miles,  in  the  middle  of  which  is  the  Loch  of  Moy,  a  mile  long 
and  half-a-mile  broad.  Here,  in  an  Island,  the  Lairds  of  Macintosh 
had  a  house,  as  yet  entire,  where  they  resided  in  times  of  trouble. 
Now  they  have  Moy-hall,  a  good  house  and  convenient  summer- 
seat,  at  the  west  end  of  the  Loch.  So  rich  is  the  Loch  of  delicious 
red-bellied  trouts,  called  red-wames.  that  I  have  seen  nearly  200 
taken  with  one  draught  of  a  small  net.  The  lands  of  Moy  were 
purchased  from  the  Bishop  of  Moray ;  and  Macintosh  took  a  new 
rightfrom  Bishop  Hepburn,  in  October  1545  (pen.  Mucin.)  Above 
Moy,  on  that  side  of  the  river,  are  Tomatin,  pertaining  to  a  Gentle- 
man of  the  name  of  Macqueen ;  Free  or  Forest,  belonging  to  Macin- 
tosh of  Holm ;  and  the  lands  of  Kylachie  (all  holding  of  the  Earl  of 
Moray)  the  property  of  Alexander  Macintosh  of  London,  merchant, 
tiie  ninth  in  descent  of  the  family  of  Kylachie.  Above  Kylachie  is 
Invermasran.  the  property  of  Kilravock  from  the  year  1460. 

On  the  north-east  of  the  river,  in  the  lower  end  of  the  parish,  is 
Pollochack,  the  property  of  Macqueen  of  that  place.  Next,  up  the 
river,  is  Corebruch,  the  heritage  of  Macintosh  of  Corebruch  ;  above 
which  is  Corebruch  Macqueen,  the  property  of  Donald  Macqueen, 
chief  of  that  branch  of  the  Clanchattan.  Some  miles  farther  up  is 
Delmigvie.  This  was  a  part  of  the  estate  of  Westfield,  given  by 
Sir  Alexander  Dunbar,  to  his  son,  David,  in  1405,  disponed  to  Camp- 
bell of  Calder,  in  1608,  and  feued  by  him  fo  Lachlan  Mactotosh  of 
Kylachie,  in  1614,  whose  great-grandson.  Donald  Macintosh,  now 
enjoyeth  it.  Above  Delmigvie,  on  both  sides  of  the  river,  is  the 
Davoch  of  Sevin,  which  was  a  part  of  the  castle-lands  of  Inverness, 
(Vide  Milit.  HiBt.)  and  given  by  the  Earl  of  Huntly  as  a  part  of 


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14D  USUUttAPHV    OF    UORAV.  PART    If. 

the  fwsythment  for  the  murder  of  Macintoafa,  in  155(K  and  it  ia  the 
property  of  Macintosh.  The  church  of  Moy  standeth  on  the  west 
bonk  of  the  Loch  of  May,  three  miles  sooth  of  Deviot,  and  nine  miles 
south-west  of  Ardclach.  Haying  travelled  orer  the  valley  of  Sttatb- 
ero,  I  return  to  Uie  coast  to  dewxibe 

THE  PARISH  OF  DYKE. 

The  parish  of  Dyke  and  Moy,  which  is  three  miles  in  leng;4h,  and 
as  much  in  breadth,  bounded  by  the  river  to  the  east,  by  the  sea  to 
the  north,  by  Aldearn  parish  to  the  west,  and  by  the  forest  of  Tarn- 
aa  to  the  south.  The  church  standeth  near  the  centre,  two  miles 
west  of  Forres,  and  four  miles  east  of  Aldearn.  At  the  mouth 
of  the  river  is  the  Barony  of  Caulbin,  the  ancient  inherit- 
ance of  a  branch  of  Moray  of  Dufl^s.  Giles,  the  daughter  and 
heiress  of  Moray  of  Caulbin,  married  Kinnaird  of  that  Ilk.  About 
the  year  1705,  the  house,  gardens,  and  a  great  part  of  the  lands  were 
quite  covered  with  sand,  blown  ft-om  Mavieston-hills,  and  the  Barony 
was  sold  to  Alexander  Duff  of  Drummuir.  Next,  up  the  river,  is 
Kincorth,  formerly  pertaining  to  Falconer  of  Lethin,  and  given  by 
Alexander  of  Lethin  and  Hawkerton,  to  his  natural  son,  Mr  Samnd 
Falconer,  (father  of  Mr  William,  Minister  of  Dj'ke),  who  sold  it  to 
Dunbar  of  Dvn ;  and  Dum  sold  it,  in  1758,  to  Sir  Alexmder  Grant 
of  Dalvey,  Farther  up  is  Easter  Moy.  This  was  purchased  from 
the  Earl  of  Ross,  by  Donald.  Thane  of  Calder,  anno  1419,  Cpm, 
Cald.J  It  was  the  heritage  of  a  branch  of  the  fomily  of  Calder 
daring  six  generations,  and  John  Campbell  of  Moy  sold  it  to  Alex- 
ander Dunbar,  son  of  Westfield,  whose  son,  Ludovick,  disponed  it 
to  Alexander  Duff  of  Drummuir,  who  conveyed  Moy  and  Caulbin 
to  his  second  son,  John  Duff,  and  Irom  his  creditors.  Major  George 
Grant,  made  the  purchase  about  1733, — upon  whose  death,  in  1755, 
without  issue,  these  lands  came  to  his  nephew,  Sir  l*qdovick  Grant 


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PABT.II.  GBOaBAPHV    OF    MORAY.  141 

of.firant.  Moy  holdeth  of  Calder.  Next  is  Wester-Moy,  pertain- 
iBg  tothelate  Archibald  Danbar  of  Dykeside.  Farther  soath  is  the 
Barony  of  Gran^hill.  Here  the  Prior  of  Pluscarden  had  a  Graa- 
gier,  or  farm,  and  a  cell  of  Monks  to  manage  it.  With  the  other 
landsof  that  priory,  it  came  to  the  Earl  of  Danfermline.  who  sold  it 
to.  Mark  Dtmbar  of  Durris,  about  the  year  1609,  from  whose  de- 
scendants. Sir  Alexander  Grant  of  Dalvey,  purchased  the  Barony* 
anno  1749.  and,  in  his  cfaarteiF,  changed  the  name  Grangehill  into 
Dalvey. 

In  the  south  en^of  the  parish  is  Tamaa  Clistle  and  Forest,  the 
seat  ctf  die  £arl  of  Moray.  The  castle  is  a  large,  but  irregular  pile, 
built  at  different  times.  The  hall  is  a  curious  room,  very  large  in 
all  dimensions,  eighty  feet  Long,  and  thirty-six  broad,  and  built  (or 
ratiier  the  foundation  of  it  was  Iwd  for  a  hunting  house)  by  Thomas 
Bandolpfa,  Earl  of  Moray.  It  standeth  on  a  green  mount,  and  liie 
great  wood  or  forest,  close  by  it.  makes  it  a  situation  romantic  and 
delightfnl.  In  ancient  writs  it  is  called  T^rsum :  In  Irish,  TaranicA, 
probabtyfirom  Taran,  or  Tamach,  i.  e.  Thunder,  because  there  Jupi- 
ter Taranis  might  faaye  been,  anciently,  worshipped,  (Vide  JScclen- 
at^cal  History.) 

North  from  Tamna  is  the  Barony  of  Brodie.  Brodie-House,  the 
seat  of  the  family,  is  a  large  and  convenient  old  building.  The  im- 
provements, by  enclosures,  planting,  avenues,  vistas  through  the  ad- 
jacent wood,  and  a  large  pond,  make  it  a  delightful  seat.  A  mile 
north-west,  close  by  the  frith,  are  two  small  pyramidical  mounts,  called 
Ihe  hills  of  Mavieston,  which,  being  stripped  of  all  sward  or  turf,  and 
nothing  but  quick-sand  remiuning,  are  the  source  from  whence  the 
'sand  ha9  covered  much  land  in  Caulbin,  Duffus,  uid  Gordonstown. 
Before  I  proceed  further,  I  shall  give  a  sketch  of 

THE  EARLS  OF  MORAY. 

■  This  IDarldom  continued  long  feudal,  reverting  to  the  Crown,  ih 
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143  OEOORAPHV    OF    HOBAT.  PART    IB. 

default  of  male  issue  in  the  direct  line.  The  first  1  have  found 
signed  Earl  of  Moray,  is  (En^s  Comes,  de  Moravia  interfectus  est 
cum  suis,  (Chron.  Melr.J,  anno  1130.  Mr  Myles  makes  him  de- 
scended of  King  Duncan,  the  bastard.  Others  will  have  the  de- 
scendants of  the  Earls  of  Moray,  as  followeth  (1)  Duncan,  bastard  son 
of  King:  Malcom  III.  He  usurped  the  throne,  anno  1094;  and  bis 
charter  {Appendix,  No.  X  VII.)  showeth,  that  he  hoped  to  transmit 
it  to  his  posterity ;  but  he  was  cut  off,  anno  1095.  His  son,  by 
Etheldreda,  daughter  of  Giospatrick,  son  of  Criman,  Earl  of  North- 
umberland. (Mylea.y  (2)  Wilt|am  Nepos  .Comitis  David  et  Nepos 
Reg:i8,  (Dalr.  Col.)  Dugdale  says,  (if  my  memory  does  not  fail) 
that  he  was  Earl  of  Moray,  and  married  Ailtze  de  Rumelli.  This 
is  the  more  probable,  because  he  was  much  in  favour  with  King 
David  I.,  and  was  one  of  his  generals.  His  son  was  (3)  Dovenald. 
Hovedan  says,  he  was  called  Macwilliam,  being  son  of  William,  the 
son  of  Duncan,  and  was  killed  anno  1187.  This  is  agreeable  to 
Chron.  Melr.  ad  arm  1186.  "  Cumque  Rex  esset  apud  oppidum 
Inverness  cum  exereitu,  Comites  Scotise  miserunt  suos  homines  ad 
preedandum,  inveneruntque  'Macwilliam  cum  suis  super  Moram 
quce  dicituT  Mamgarvia  prope  Mureff,  &  mox  cum  eo  pugnanint^ 
et  Deo  opitulante,  cum  multis  aliis  interfecerunt."*  His  son  was 
(4)  Dovenald.  of  whom  the  Chron,  Melr.  ad  ann  1315,  observetb^ 
that  Dovenald,  son  of  Macwilliam,  invaded  Moray,  but  was  cut  off 
by  Mac-in-Tsagairf,  ancestor  to  Ross,  Earl  of  Ross,  and  his  head 
brought  to  the  King.  Possibly  from  these  Macwilliams  came  the 
Macwilliams  in  Boharm,  <&c. 

The  next  Earl  of  Moray  I  have  met  with,  is  Sir  Thomas  Ran- 
dolph, great-grandson  of  Ranulfus,  who  is  a  frequent  witness  in* 


*  Vila  the  Etn^WM^iOi  his  army  at  Ae  town  of  InvenieM,  the  Gmudeesor  Socrilmnd  seat  fortb 
AolrmtaliMnlapltuider;  nd  they  foond  MacwilUBm.  with  hta  tnwpi,  above  Homm,  vhifh  la  called 
If'nyK  tn  the  bofdfn  of  Monty,  and  directly  encountered  himi  and,  God  hclpbg,  slew  hiniadf 
nd«  Mtttber  beaUea." 


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PAHT    II.  eBOORAPHY   OF   MORAY.  I4A 

King*  William's  charten).  His  son,  Themas,  died  anno  1303,  and 
was  interred  in  the  Abbey  of  Melrose.  His  son.  Sir  Thomas,  Lord 
Chamberlain,  married  Isabel,  sister  of  Ring:  Robert  Bruce;  and 
their  son,  Sir  Thomas,  was  created  Earl  of  Moray,  anno  1313,  or 
1314,  (Appendix,  No.  I.J  Although  the  charter,  or  patent,  beareth 
no  date,  yet,  it  is  certain,  that,  in  the  .convention  at  Ayr,  1315,  he  was 
Earl  of  Moray,  (Anderson  Indep.)  Thomas  died  anno  1331,  and 
his  son,  Thomas,  second  Earl  of  Moray,  succeeded  him.  He  was, 
according  to  Fordun,'  '*  paternee  probitatis  imitator."  He  was  slain, 
fighting  gallantly  against  the  enemies  of  his  country,  at  the  fatal 
battle  of  Duplin,  anno  1332 ;  and,  having  no  issue,  he  was  succeeded 
by  his  brother.  Earl  John,  who  was  a  strenuous  asserter  of  the  liber- 
ties of  his  country.  He  had  the  misfortune  to  be  taken  prisoner  at 
the  battle  of  Kilblain,  anno  1335,  and  was  confined,  first,  in  the 
castle  of  Nottingham,  and,  afterwards  in  the  Tower  of  London,  tilt 
he  was  released  by  the  mediation  of  the  King  of  France,  and  ex- 
chiuiged  for  the  Earl  of  Salisbury,  anno  1341.  He  was  immediate- 
ly constituted  warden  of  the  west  marches.  He  accompanied  King 
David  II.  in  his  unfortunate  expedition  into  England,  and  was  kill- 
ed at  the  battle  of  Durtiam,  anno  1346,  leaving  no  issue,  and  the 
Earldom  reverted  to  the '  Crown.  But  Patrick  Dunbar,  Earl  of 
March,  in  right  of  his  wife,  Agnes,  daughter  of  Thomas  Randolph, 
first  Earl  of  Moray,  was  designed,  "  Comes  Marcise  et  Moraviae." 

John  Dunbar,  second  son  of  Earl  Patrick,  marrying  the  Princess 
Marjory,  King  Robert  II.'s  daughter,  was  made  Earl  of  Moray, 
1372 ;  but  Badenoch,  Lochaber,  and  Urquhart,  were  excepted  out 
of  the  grant.  And,  upon  tiie  demise  of  Earl  James  Dunbar,  the  last 
of  that  name, 

Archibald,  brother  to  the  Earl  of  Douglas,  was  Earl  of  Moray, 
about  1446.  But,  having  joined  in  his  brotiier's  rebellion,  in  1452, 
he  was  forfeited,  and  was  killed  in  1455. 

Upon  the  forfeiture  of  Archibald  Douglas,  the  title  was  aasuiiMd 
by  Janet  Dunbar,  daughter  of  James,  Earl  of  Moray,  and  wife  of 


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144  QUOORAPUy    OF    MORAV.  PART   ]]. 

James,  Lord  Crichton.  la  1454  there  are  several  charters  granted 
by  Janet  X>unbar,  Counters  of  Moray,  and  Lady  Frenderet,  to  Alex- 
ander Dunbar  of  Weslfield,  her  brother,  fpen.  West),  but  she  gave 
up  her  pretejpsions  to  the  Earldom  of  Moray,  and  obtained  that  of 
Caithness  to  her  son,  George. 

In  1501,  Jamea  Stewart,  natural  son  of  King*  James  IV.,  got  the 
Earldom  of  Moray.  He  was  called  the  Little  Earl,  and  died,  in 
1544,  without  male  issue. 

In  1548,  the  Earldom  was  conferred  on  Cieorge  Earl  of  Huntly ; 
but  that. grant  was  re-called  in  15-54,  and  it  remained  in  the  Oown 
till  the  year  1563. 

It  was  then  granted  to  James  Stewart,  natural  son  to  King  James 
V.  In  the  acts  of  Privy  Council,  13th  February,  1561,  he  is  de- 
signed Earl  of  Mar ;  but,  in  the  coancil  held  at  Aberdeen,  15th  Oc- 
tober, 1563,  he  is  designed  Earl  of  Moray,  (Keith's  ffiatorp.)  His 
eldest  daughter,  Elizabeth,  married  James  Stewart.  Lord  Downe. 
who,  in  h^r  right,  became  Earl  of  Mol-ay.  Lord  Downe  was  de- 
scended of  Robert.  Duke  of  Albany,  third' son  to  King  Revert  II. 
James,  son  of  Murdoch.  Duke  of  Albany,  had  four  sous, — ^viz.  An- 
drew, James,  Walter,  and  Arthur,  who,  because  they  were  bom  out 
of  the  country,  were  legitimated,  anno  1478.  Andrew  was  created 
Lord  Evandale,  1459 ;  and,  having  no  issue,  was  succeeded  by  his 
nephew,  Alexander,  son  of  Walter,  whose  son,  Andrew,  third  Lord 
Evendale,  with  the  consent  of  the  Crown,  exchanged  that  title  for 
Ochiltree.  In  his  father's  lifetime,  he  married  Margaret,  daughter 
of  Sir  John  Kennedy  of  Blairquhan,  with  whom  he  had  three  sons, 
: — Andrew,  second  Lord  Ochiltree,  whose  male-line  is  now  extinct ; 
Henry,  Lord  Methven,  whose  male-line  is  also  extinct ;  and  Sir 
James  of  Beith,  who  was  a  great  favourite  of  King  James  V.,  and 
i^as  by  him  made  one  of  the  Gentlemen  of  his  Bed-chamber,  Lieut- 
enant of  his  Guards,  Constable  of  the  Casde  of  Down,  and  Stewart 
of  Mentietfa  and  Strathgartny.    He  was  killed,  in  Dumblain,  by  the 


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Irfiird.  of  Dnntreafi),  imd  his  two  brothers,  oat  of  a  grudge  fpr  his 
having  obtained  the  Stewartry  of  Mentieth,  which  was  formerly  in, 
their  family,  1547,  and  his  ran.  James,  was  created  Lord  Downe, 
anno  15SI,*  nhoae  son,  James,  married  Elizabeth,  Countess  of 
Moray,  ajid  from  them  the  present  family  is  descended. 

It  was  this  Earl  who  was  murdered  at  Dunibristle.  in  the  year 
1592.  He  was  succeeded  by  his  son,  James,  who  died  in  1633. 
His  son,  James,  survived  till  1652,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son^ 
Alexander,  who  survived  his  first-born  son,  Alexander,  Lord  Downe,, 
wbo.  being  the  iVtther  of  two  beautiful  daughters,  the  spouses  of  their 
happy  husbands,  Brigadier  General  Grant  of  Grant,  and  Mr  Fraser 
of  Strichen, — their  uncle,  Charles,  the  second  son,  succeeded  his 
father»,Earl  Alexander,  who,  being  removed  in  173-3^  was  succeeded 
by  bis  brother,  Francis,  the  third  son  of  Earl  Alexander,  who  left 
his  rank  and  fortune  to  his  trfdest  son,  James.  He  was  succeeded 
by  kis  son  Francis,  the  i^her  of  Francis  who  now  supports  the  high- 
est re^»ectability  of  this  distiogQished  family,  »nd  is  th^  ^^er  of  i^ 
numerous  offspring. 

Arms-of  Randolph,  Earl  of  Moray — Or,  three  Cushions  pendent 
by  the  corners  within  the  royal  treasure,  Gnles. 

Arms  of  Dunbar,  Earl  of  Moray-^ Quarterly,  first  and  fourth,  the 
arms  of  Randolph,  Earl  of  Moray,  above  blazoned.  Second  and 
third.  Gules,  a  Lyon  rampant  within  a  border.  Argent,  charged  with 
eight  Roses  of  the  I^leld. 


*  ThefiinnflrcrMtuigLofd  DotrDO  a  Pci>r,'iii  by  mi  ActorParliaineiil,  7<tii)rJuiM«  VI^budo  1381, 
bMring,  Duit  tlie  luidi  of  D< wne,  ttc^  tr«K  D-an]  hy  Qufm  Mary,  to  Sir  Summ  &t«mrt  of  D(rtnii\ 
Kaifib^  hU  hdr«,  Ac,  Uil  lheMi4Sir,ri>tesbriofr  dr«reDdcdortl<eR«jn]  Blood  i—cThemfnc^,  hi) 
H^'iBN^  witb  the  advice  of  bii  Thm  Gital«!s  erecl^  crMles,  and  incorporate!',  all  tfie  roreHkl  laodf, 
dlBcet,  At.,  In  an  Lordtblp,  to  be  called  the  Lordsliip  of  I)on-ne,  \fba  gball  hare  (he  dignity  and  place  of 

-  «  Lard  cf  VatUatneftt,  wMh  bb  ftnM  eflbiring  thertttk"  Thb  waa  an  mual  torn  (pcaiibl;  Jbr  the  fttPtft, 
•okniidQr,  tlie  King  betog  upder  »gp),  in  imitflko  of  tlip  old  form  qf  crnting  ao  Earl,  by  cotntnif  In* 

'  tands  into  a  county.    (Esiay  on  Bkit.  AvTUi.) 

20 


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146  OEOOBAPHY  OF  HOBAT.  PART  ir. 

Anns  of  Douglas,  Earl  of  IVforay — Quarteriy.  first  and  fourth,  the 
arms  of  Rando][)h,  Earl  of  Moray,  above  blazoned.  Second  and 
third,  Ai^-ent,  a  Man's  Heart  ensi»:ned  with  an  Imperial  Crown, 
proper,  on  a  chief  Azure,  three  Stars  of  the  Field. 

Arms  of  James.  Earl  of  Moray,  natural  son  of  King  James  IV. — ^ 
Quarteriy,  first  and  fourth,  the  Imperial  arms  of  Scotland  bruised 
with  a  Baton  Sinister,  counter  charged  of  the  field  and  char^. 
Second  and  third,  the  arms  of  Randolph,  Earl  of  Moray,  above 
^blazoned. 

Anns  of  James,  Earl  of  Moray,  Re^nt  of  Scotland  in  Oueen 
Mary's  time. — The  same  as  the  last. 

Arms  of  the  present  Earl  of  Moray — Quarterly,  first  and  fourth, 
the  Imperial  arms  of  Scotland  within  a  border  gorbonated.  Azure 
and  Ar^nl.  Second,  Or,  a  Veaa  checkie  Azure  and  Arg^ent 
Third,  the  arms  of  Randolph,  Earl  of  Moray,  above  blazoned. 

Above  the  Shield  is  placed  his  Lordship's  Coronet,  over  which  is 
aet  an  Helmet  befitting;  his  quality,  with  a  Mantling:,  Gules,  the 
doubling*  Ermine.  On  a  wreatli  of  his  Liveries  is  set  for  a  Crest,  a 
Pelican  feeding  her  young.  Or,  in  a  Neat  Vert.  In  an-  Escroll 
above  the  Crest,  this  Motto,  SALUS  PER  CHRISTUM  RE- 
DEMPTOREM.  And,  on  a  compartment  below  the  Shield,  are 
placed  for  supporters,  two  Grey  Hounds,  Argent,  C<4Iared,  Gules. 

I  shall  now  give  some  account  of 

THE  FAMILY  OF  BRODIE. 

This  name  is  manifestly  local,  taken  from  the  lands  of  Brodie.  In 
ancient  writings,  it  is  called  Brothie,  softened  into  Brodie.  In  the 
old  Irish,  Broth  signifies  a  Ditch  or  jlVlire,-^the  same  as  DyJ^  in 
fikucon,  and  Digue  in  French.  And  the  Mire  Trench,  or  Ditch,  that 
rnnneth  from  the  village  of  Dyke  to  the  north  of  Brodie-Houaef 


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PABT   II.  QBOGAAPHY    OF    HORAt.  147  . 

seefnieth  to  have  given  tfais  place  the  name  of  Brodie.  Be  thia  as  it 
will-^the  antiquity  of  this  name  appeureth  fiom  this,  that  no  history, 
record,  or  tradition,  (that  I  know  oQ  doth  so  much  as  bint,  that  any 
other  family  or  name  possessed  the  lands  of  Brodie  before  them,  or 
that  they  came  as  strangers  from  another  country.  I  incline  much 
to  think,  that  they  were  orig^inally  of  the  ancient  Moravienses,  and 
were  one  of  those  loyal  tribes,  to  whom  King;  Malcolm  IV.  g^ave 
lands,  about  ihe  year  1160,  when  he  transplanted  the  Moray 
rebels.  At  that  time  sirnames  were  fixed ;  and  the  Macintoshes^ 
Innesses,  Rosses,  then  assumed  their  names;  and,  probably,  so  did 
the  Brodies.  And  their  arms  being^  the  same  with  those  of  the 
Morays,  showeth  that  they  were  originally  the  same  people. 

The  old  writs  of  this  family  were  either  carried  away  by  Lord 
Gordon,  when  he  burnt  Brodie-House,  in  1645,  or  were  destroyed 
in  that  burning;  and  yet  the  descents  of  the  family  may  be  traced 
up  about  500  years.  (I)  Malcolm  was  Thane  of  &odie  in  the  reigu 
of  King  Alexander  III.  (3)  Michael  filius  Malcomi,  Thanus  de 
Brothie  and  Dyke,  had  a  charter  from  King  Robert  Bruce,  about 
1311.  (Hist.of  Kilr.  and  Sir  G.  Mk.  3IS0  (3)  Joannesde  Brothie. 
accompanied  the  Earl  f^  Mar,  Lord  Ueutenant,  about  the  year  1376, 
(Hist  of  Kilr.  and  Macintosh.)  (4)  John  of  Brodie,  assisted  the 
Mackenzies  against  the  Macdonalds,  in  the  conflict,  at  Park,  anno 
1466,  (Hi»t.  ofSuther.  Sfc.J  (5)  John  of  Brodie,  witness  in  an  in- 
denture between  the  Thane  of  Calder  and  the  Baron  of  Kilravock, 
anno  1483,  (Pen.  Cald.)  (Here  two  or  three  rieacenta  are  manting, 
rohich  I  could  notjind  out.) 

Alexander  of  Brodie,  father,  of  (9)  David,  who  died  anno  1627, 
leaving  six  sons, — viz.  David,  who  succeeded  him ;  Alexander,  who 
purchased  the  lands  of  Lethin,  Kinloss,  and  Pitgavenie;  Mr  John, 
who  was  Dean  of  Moray,  and  whose  son,  William  Brodie  of  White- 
wreath,  was  father  of  Mr  William  Brodie,  Advocate,  who  died,  s 
bachelor,  in  1741;  Mr  Joseph,  the  fourth  sod,  was  Minister  of  Forre^' 


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148  GSOGBAPHY   OF  MOKAT.  FABT  U. 

tfni]  porcbased  the  landii  of  Main^  ilesr  Elgin,  which  his  settle  Alex* 
ander,  disponed  to  Pitg^venie,  and  boug;bt  the  lands  of  Muirfaoaub, 
near  TurriflT,  which  Alexander's  grandson  sold  of  late  ;  Francis,  the 
fifth  son,  purchased  the  lands  of  Milton,  and  others,  near  Elgin,  which 
his  grandson  sold  to  Lord  Braco,  and  hifl  great-grandson  is  AleX" 
ander  Brodie  of  Windyhills  ;  William,  the  sixth  son,  was  proprietor 
of  Coltfield,  and,  his  son,  William,  dying  without  issue,  the  lands 
came  to  the  house  of  Brodie.  (10)  David  had  two  sons ;  Alexander, 
who  succeeded  him,  and  Joseph  of  Aslisk.  This  Joseph  of  Aslisk, 
was  father  of  George  of  Brodie.  and  of  James  of  Whitehill,  who  pur- 
chased Coltfield  and  Spynie ;  and  whose  son,  James  Brodie  of 
S4>ynie,  Advocate,  and  Sheriff- Depute  of  Moray  and  Nairn,  died  hi 
1756,  leaving  a  son  and  beir,  James,  a  minor,  who  now  enjoys  the 
«state,  and  represents  the  family  of  Brodie.  (II)  Alexander  was  ft 
man  of  eminent  piety  and  pnidence,  and  was  chosen  a  Lord  of  Ses- 
sion in  1640;  but  soon  resigned.  He  was  one  of  the  Commiiidion- 
era  who  were  sent  to  treat  with  Charles  II.,  at  the  Hague  and  at 
Breda.  He  died  in  1679,  leaving  issue,  by  a  daughter  of  Sir  Robert 
Innes,  a  son,  James,  and  a  daughter,  married  to  Sir  Robert  Dunbar 
of  Grangehill.  (13)  James  married  Lady  Kerr,  daughter  bf  Robert, 
Earl  of  Lothian,  and,  dying  in  1708,  left  nine  daughters, — viz.  Ann« 
married  to  Lord  Forbes;  Catharine,  married  to  Robert  Dunbar  (tf 
Grangehill;  Elizabeth,  married  lo  Cumming  of  Altyre;  Grissswl, 
marned  to  Dunbar  of  Dumphail ;  Emilia,  married  to  Brodie  of 
Aslisk ;  Margaret,  married  to  James  Brodie  of  Whitehill  ;  Vere« 
married  to  Brodie  of  Muirhuuse ;  Mary,  married  to  Chivez  of  Muir- 
town;  and  Henrietta,  the  youngest,  who  died  unmarried.  (13)  George 
of  Aslisk,  succeeded,  and,  dying  in  1716,  left  two  aons,  James  and 
Alexander ;  and  two  daughters,  one  of  which  was  married  to  Sinclwc 
of  Ulbster,  in  Caithneas,  and  the  other  to  Munro  of  Navarr.  (14) 
Jamea  succeeded  bis  father ;  and,  dying  in  1720,  was  succeeded  by 
bis  brother  (IS)  Alexander,  who  was  appointed  Lord  Lyon,  io  1737« 


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tABT  XI.  OfeOOKAPIIT  OF   MORAY.  149 

H«  nuirried  Margaret,  daaghter'of  Major  Sley ;  and,  dyih^  in  1751. 
left  a  son,  Alexander,  who  succeeded  him,  and  a  daughter,  who  was 
Diuried  to  John,  younger  of  Macleod.  (16)  Alexander,  died,  a 
bachelor,  in  1750 ;  and  was  succeeded  by  (17)  James  Brodie,  son  of 
James  Brodie  of  Spynie,  and  grandson  of  James  Brodie  of  White- 
hill.  He  married  Lady  Margaret  Duif,  daughter  of  the  late  £arl  ct 
Fife. 

Their  first-bom  son  dying  in  India,  by  a  greatly  lamented  casua- 
lity — the  upsetting  of  his  boat  in  the  surge  along  the  shore — ^they 
are  succeeded  by  his  son,  their  grandson,  the  honourable  representa- 
tive of  a  line  of  ancei^tors,  longer,  almost,  than  what  any  of  the  Po- 
tentates of  Europe  can  exhibit 

The  arras  of  the  family  of  Brodie— \rgent,  a  Cheveron,  Gules, 
between  three  Stars,  Azure.  Siipporter-s  two  Savages,  proper, 
wreathed  about  the  head  and  middle  with  Laurel.  Crest,  a  right 
band  holding  a  bunch  of  Arrows, — all  proper.     Motto,  UNITE. 

THE  PARISH  OF  ALDEARN. 

The  parish  of  Aldearn,  (Auit-Jarau,  i.  e.  the  Iron  Coloored 
Brook),  is  abmit  three  miles  from  east  to  west,  and  as  much  from 
Borth  to  south.  The  church  standeth  about  a  mile  from  the  sea, 
and  from  the  east  end  of  the  parish,  about  four  miles  west  from 
Dyke,  two  miles  east  from  Nairn,  and  four  miles  east  from  Calder. 
In  the  lower  part  of  the  parish,  towards  the  frith,  is  the  Barony  of 
Inehoeh,  wiUi  a  large  old  house,  the  seat  of  the  Hays  of  Lochloy 
and  Park.  This  was  a  very  ancient  branch  of  the  house  of  Errol. 
and  were  Lurds  of  Park  about  400  years.  By  their  declining,  tbd* 
lands  of  loshoch  and  Park  came  into  the  family  of  Brodie  abouttlwi 
beginning  of  this  century.  The  lands  of.  Park  (in  the  west  end  of 
the  parish)  were  sold,  about  the  year  1*^^  to  Hogb  Hay.  idWv 

ap 


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IM  OEOGBAPHV   OF    MORAY.  PART   i(. ' 

whose  death  they  were,  iat  a  judicial  sale,  in  1755,  purchased  by  Sir 
Alexander  Grant  of  Dalrey.  South-east  of  iDshoch  is  the  house  of 
Penick,  the  seat  of,  and  built  foy,  Alexander  Dunbar,  Dean  of  Moray, 
or  by  his  son.  This  was  a  part  of  ^e  priory  lands  of  Urqubart,  iwd 
the  residence  of  the  Dunbars  of  Grange,  till  about  the  year  1680, 
when  they  sold  Penick  to  the  Laird  of  Brodie,  and  redded  at  Barg;ie. 
Next,  westward,  is  Rinsterie,  which  (with  Brig^htmonie  eonti|^ou8 
to  it)  came  from  the  Landers  to  the  Chisholms,  and  from  them  to 
Uie  Sutherlands  of  Duffus.  A  branch  of  the  family  of  Duffus  were 
heritors  of  Kinsterie,  whicli  they  sold  about  50  years  ago,  and  pnr- 
chased  Burrowsbridge,  and  Myreside  in  Spynie  parish,  and  took  the 
title  of  Greenhill.  James  Sutherland,  late  of  Kinsterie,  was  a  sur- 
veyor of  the  customs.  The  lands  were  long  under  sequestratiim  for 
debt,  but  lately  purchased  by  John  Gordon  of  Clunie. 

Close  by  the  church  is  the  Barony  of  Boath,  the  property  of 
Alexander  Dunbar,  the  oldest  branch  of  the  family  of  Durris,  and 
possessors  of  that  Barony  above  150  years.  West  from  Boath  is 
Kinudie.  This  was  a  part  of  the  estate  of  Park,  and,  in  1741,  and 
thence  to  1621,  Hay  of  Kinudie  had  the  lands  of  Main,  near  Elg^n. 
From  the  Hays,  Kinudie  came  to  the  Urquharts,  and,  in  1670,  Hugh 
Rose  of  Rilravock  purchased  Kinudie,  Hunterbog,  <&:c.,  from  Alex- 
ander Urqubart ;  and,  in  1767,  they  were  sold  by  Kilravock  to  Mr 
James  Ruasel. 

The  upper  part  of  the  parish  is  high  ground,  and,  in  the  east  end 
of  h,  is  the  Barony  of  Moyness  and  Boghole.  This  was  a  part  c^ 
the  estate  of  Westfield,  given  to  John  Dunbar,  a  second  son  of  that 
fiunily,  about  the  year  1584.  And,  in  1634,  Robert  Dunbar,  son  of 
^e  said  Jofan,  disponed  these  lands  to  John  Grant  of  Logie,  whose 
•on,  James  Grant,  sold  them  to  Sir  Hugh  Campbell  of  Calder,  in 
1668,  and  they  are  now  Calder's  property.  West  from  Moyness  is 
the  Barony  of  Lethin.  This  was  a  part  of  the  estate  of  Falconer  ci 
Hawkerton,  as  early  as  the  year  1205,  (Appendix,  No.  XVIII.),  and 


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PAftT    II.  GBOQRAPHV   OF    MORAY.  151 

eoDtinaed  so,  till  soon  after  the  year  1600,  it  was  sold  to  John  Grant 
of  Fracby»  who,  about  ^e  year  1613,  built  a  larg^e  house,  and  there 
reaided.  His  son.  Sir  John  Grant,  after  be  came  to  the  estate,  in 
1622,  sold  this  Barony  to  Alexander  Brodie,  second  son  to  Darid, 
Laird  of  Brodie.  This  gentleman  likewise  purchased  the  AM>ey 
lands  of  Kinloas,  from  Bruce,  Lord  Kinloss,  and,  in  1630,  purchased 
the  lands  of  Pitgavenie  from  Alexander  Hay  of  Kinndie.  Th«« 
has,  of  late,  been  built  at  Lethin,  a  fine  modern  house,  which,  with 
the  gardens,  enclosures,  and  planting-,  makes  a  delightful  seat.  I 
now  come  to 

THE  PARISH  OF  NAIRN. 

The  parish  and  burgh  of  Nairn,  in  Erse  Invemaim.  The  river 
Nairn  riseth  in  the  hills  between  Stratherick  and  the  Braes  of 
Strathern,  and,  running  north-east  through  the  parishes  of  Dunlichty 
and  Deriot,  it  tometh  almost  due  north,  and  discbargeth  into  the 
ft-ith  at  the  town  of  Nairn,  after  a  course  of  above  twenty  miles.  It 
is  called  Nairn,  from  the  Alder  trees  growing  on  the  banks  of  it. 
Uiage-Neam  is  the  water  of  Alders. 

The  town  standetb  at  the  mouth  of  the  river  on  the  west  side,  and 
is  one  street  ii-om  east  to  west.  At  the  east  end  there  is  a  bridge  of 
three  arches  upon  the  river,  built  by  William  Rose  of  Clava,  in  the 
year  1631.  In  the  middle  of  the  town  standetb  the  Tolbooth  and 
Towp-house ;  and,  at  the  west  end,  Kilravock  has  a  good  house  of 
modern  architecture.  A  little  above  the  bridge,  on  the  bank  of  the 
river,  is  the  Castle-bill,  where  stood  a  royal  fort,  (now  quite  de- 
molished), whereof  the  Thanes  of  Calder  were  the  hereditary  Con- 
stables. Within  Ithe  flood-mark  are  some  vestiges,  called  the  Pier 
end ;  but  the  mouth  of  the  river  is  now  so  barred,  that  no  vessels, 
but  fishing-boats  for  salmon  and  white  fish,  can  enter.  The  church 
standetb  on  the  bank  of  the  river,  two  miles  west  from  Aldeam,  five 


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Itft  OBOGRAPHV  or   MOSAIT.  FART   IV 

miles  east  from  Ardersier,  three  miles  north  from  Calder,  «nd  four 
miles  Dorth-nortb-east  from  Croy.  The  lands  eontigvous  to  the 
town  are  ^  property  of  Rose  of  Kilravock,  Rose  of  Newton^  and 
Rose  of  Clava.  Mr  Rose  of  Clava,  in  1768,  sold  all  his  lands  in 
NaifDt  Croy,  and  Ardclaeh,  to  Sir  Alexander  Grant  of  Balvey. 
Westward  on  the  coast  are  the  lands  of  Delniet),  held,  in  mortg:ag;e. 
by  Alexander  Campbell  of  Delnies,  of  the  L<aird  of  Calder.  These 
trere  a  part  of  the  church-lands  of  Ross,  and  David  Panitar,  Bishop 
«f  Ross,  disponed  Delnies  and  Ardersier.  anno  1556,  to  his  brother, 
uterine,  Robert  Lesly,  from  whose  son,  John  Campbell  of  Calder» 
purchased  them,  anno  1575.  On  the  side  of  the  river,  a  mile  soudi 
of  the  town,  is  Kildrummie,  the  seat  of  Hugh  Rose  of  Brae :  These 
lands  were  sold  by  Patrick  Hepburn.  Bishop  of  Moray,  tew  HHg;fa 
Rose  of  Kilravock,  in  1545.  (Pen.  Kilr.J 

On  the  east  side  of  the  river,  near  the  coast,  ia  Belmakeith,  the 
property  of  Alexander  Dunbar  of  Boath,  and  holdiiig'  feu  of  Calder. 
William,  Thane  oi  Calder,  was  infeft  in  Belmakeith.  anno  1443. 
(Pen.  Caid.)  Next  up  the  river  is  Braidley.  This  was,  for  some 
generations,  the  property  of  Rose  of  Braidley.  John  Rose,  the  laM 
of  that  femily,  (and  father  of  Jean  Rose,  late  Lady  dowager  of  Kil- 
ravock), having  no  male  issue,  sold  his  lands  to  Alexander  Ciordon 
of  Ardach,  from  whom  they  were  purchased,  about  the  year  1726^ 
by  Hugh  Rose  of  Kilravock.  Farther  up  the  river  is  the  Barony 
of  Geddes,  the  patrimonial  estate  of  Rose  of  Kilravock  and  Geddes. 
(Vid.  Kote  of  Kilravock. J  Close  by  Geddes  is  Raite-Castle. 
Here  is  an  old  Fort,  built  in  the  form  of  a  square,  which  was  anciently 
the  seat  of  Raite  of  that  Ilk.  who,  having  killed  Andrew,  Thane  «f 
Calder.  about  the  year  1404,  was  banished  that  county,  and  founded 
^e  family  of  Raite  of  Halgreen  in  the  Merns.  A  part  of  Raite  wm 
Calder's  property,  in  1443,  (PeTi.  Cald.J;  another  part  of  it,  with 
Meikle  Geddes,  was  the  property  of  Ogilvie  of  Camousie,  fi^»fQ 
whom.  Sir  John  Campbell  of  Calder,  made  the  purchase,  anno  1532, 


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PA^T   U.  OBpGRAPHY    OF    MOHAY.  lA?. 

(lUd.)  South  .of  Raite  lie  the  lands  of  Urchany,  once  a  part  of 
tU&  estate  of  Park.  Joiin  Hay  of  Kinudle  sold  them  to  Chisholm 
of  Comer,  in  1630 ;  and  Sir  Hugh  Campbell  of  Calder  purchased 
them  in  J600.  Following  the  course  of  the  river  Nairn,*  1  now 
come  to 

THE  PARISH  OF  CALDER. 

Ilie  parish  of  Calder,  so  called  from  CaU,  a  Wood,  and  Jhu-t 
Water ;  for  here  is  a  fine  wood,  with  a  brook  of  water  on  each  side 
of  it  The  parish  is  bounded  by  the  river  Nairn  to  the  west,  and  by 
the  hills  towards  the  Streins  to  the  south-east ;  the  church  standeth 
near  the  centre,  from  north  to  south,  and  is  a  neat  little  fabric,  orna- 
mented with  a  oteeple  and  a  clock.  A  furlong  east  from  the  church 
is  the  house  of  Calder,  the  seat  of -John  Campbell  of  Calder.  The 
Thanea  of  Calder,  as  Constables  of  the  King's  house,  resided  in  die 
Castle,  of  Nairn,  and  had  a  country  seat  at  what  is  now  called  Old 
Calder,  a  half-mile  north  from  the  present  seat.  There  they  had  a 
bouse  on  a  small  moat,  with  a  dry  ditch  and  a  draw-bridge,  the  ves- 
tiges whereof  are  still  to  be  seen.  But,  by  a  royal  licence,  dated  6th 
Augoat,  1464,  they  built  the  Tower  of  Cidder  that  now  standeth. 


*  Tbe  Owl  and  Town-Hkll  bare,  of  lair,  been  clfared  of,  and  rebuilt  in  a  more  ronrenioil  spot  on 
the  noj  lb  tide  of  Ihe  «ti«el.  The  chiircb  and  cemetpry  txrcupy  a  (CTMii  bend  land,  pnrjeclad  ■»  it  were 
hto  the  eome  of  the  rirer  tipnn  tbe  ■mithera  "ide  of  tl.e  town.  Ttie  municipal  eaUblidttneDt  conaigb 
«f  ibewmeniuDber  Bad  rank  a*  in  Elgin  and  Formsand  limiUr  to  Form  i(  may  be  made  up  of  Keotlft- 
men  i«sident  at  a  distance  in  Ibe  cnuntrj-,  exrrpt  (tic  thrre  Bailies,  lb"  Dean  of  Guild,  and  the  Cashier. 
•A  MinaideraUe  wtng  of  Nairn,  ilretching  ont  lowardi  tbe  ihore,  ia  nholEy  inhabited  by  the  families  of 
flibemwQ ;  tbeir  remacular  apeecb  i»  the  Eusb  tongue,  wiiich  is  not  undi  rstuud  by  the  other  citizna, 
and  wbii:h  obliges  hair  (be  nervice  of  Ihe  public  worship  in  the  cbiirch,  to  be  delivered  in  llutliihguajife; 
this  circumstance  also  suftR^^ted  a  joke  which  was  fathered  upon  Jamea  VL ;  hein|r  a  little  piqvMl'  8f 
tbe  misdated  compliments  of  a  roiirtier  on  the  populatkBi  of  the  citiM  of  England,  be  ii  taid  ilrly-to 
have  repli^,  "  tliat  none  of  them  equalled  the  extent  of  one  of  the  cities  of  his  nallre  kingdom,' whicb 
was  so  lar^re,  that  oncbalf  uf  the  inhabitants  did  not  understand  the  language  of  the  other,"'  Thb^ltil 
^kn&  Ibe  cue  at  Nabii  erer  HIM  tb4  Sjv'I*'' laiViiaKa  waa  utrodn<»(t. 

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154  OKOOBAPHY    OF    HOKAY.  PART   If. 

It  is  built  upon  a  rock  of  free  stone,  washed  by  a  brook  to  the  west, 
and  on  the  other  aides  having  a  dry  ditch,  with  a  draw-bridge.  Th^ 
Tower  stands  between  two  courts  of  buildings.  Tradition  beareth. 
that  the  Thane  was  directed  in  a  dream,  to  bnild  the  Tower  ronOd 
a  Hawthorn  tree  on  the  bank  of  the  brook.  Be  this  as  it  will,  there 
is  in  the  lowest  vault  of  the  Tower,  the  trunk  of  a  Hawthorn  tree, 
firm  and  sound,  growing  out  of  the  rock,  and  reaching  to  the  top  of 
the  vault.  Strangers  are  brought  to  stand  round  it,  each  one  to  take 
a  chip  of  it,  and  then  to  drink  to  the  Hamthom  tree,X  e.  "  Prospe- 
rity to  the  family  of  Cdder  "  This  house,  with  spacious  enclosures, 
fine  gardens,  a  park  of  red  deer,  and  a  large  wood  close  by  the  bouse, 
make  a  grand  aiid  delightful  seat,  A  small  pendicle  in  the  south  of 
the  parish,  called  Drumumie,  is  the  property  of  Rose  of  Holm.  The 
lands  of  Meikle  Budzeat,  west  of  the  church,  the  lands  of  Torrich  a 
mile  to  the  east,  and  the  lands  of  Cluntes  two  miles  to  the  south* 
east,  are  mortgages  pertaining  to  the  descendants  of  this  family,  and 
all  holding  of  Calder.     I  shall  here  give  some  account  of 

THE  FAMILY  OF  CALDER. 

The  simame  of  Calder  is  local,  taken  from  the  place ;  and  the 
fiimily  has  been  among  the  most  ancient,  and  the  most  considerable 
in  the  north.  About  the  year  1040,  the  tyrant,  Macbeath,  cut  off 
the  Thane  of  Nairn  (Buchan.)  This,  no  doubt,  was  the  Thane  of 
Calder ;  for  no  history,  or  tradition,  mentioneth  a  lliane  of  Nairn, 
distinct  from  the  Thane  of  Calder,  who,  as  Constable,  resided  in 
that  town.  And  Mr  Heylin.  in  his  Geography,  expressly  calleth 
bim  Thane  of  Calder.  But,  not  to  deal  in  uncertainties,  (1)  Doren- 
aldus  Thanue  de  Calder  was  one  of  the  estimators  of  the  Baronies 
of  Kilrevock  and  Geddes,  anno  1395,  (Appendix,  No.  XVIII.) 
His  son  (3)  William,  had  from  King  Robert  Bruce,  7mo  Augusti, 
anno  regnl  4to  1310,  "  Thanageum  de  KxUedor,  infra  vicecomitatum 


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PABT  IL  GBOOBAPHT  OF  MOftAT.  15S 

de  Inner  Nairn.  (H-opter  serritia  debita  et  assneta  tempore  Alexandri 
Regis  predecessoris  nostri  ultimo  defiincti,"*  CPen.  Cald.)  HissoD 
^)  Andrew,  was  killed  by  Sir  Alexander  Raite,  whose  son  (4)  Donald,  - 
was  served  heir  to  his  father,  Andrew,  in  1405.  and  saised  in  the 
offices  di  Sheriff  and  Constable  of  Nairn,  in  1406,  (Ibid.)  He  par- 
chased  the  lands  of  Dunmag^lass  from  William  Menzies  of  Bal- 
whonzie,  in  1414;  the  lands  of  Moy,  in  Moray,  from  the  Earl  (^ 
Rose,  in  1419;  and  Urchany-beg*.  in  Calder,  from  Henry. 'Bishop 
of  Moray,  in  1431,  (Ibid,  and  Appendix,  No.  XIX.)  His  son  (5) 
William,  was,  in  1442,  infeft  in  the  Thanage  of  Calder.  the  Sheriff- 
ship and  Constableship  of  Nairn,  in  Boath,  Benchir,  half  of  Raite, 
and  six  merfcs  out  of  Beliitakeith,  (P&n.  Cald.)  In  1450,  he  built 
the  Tower  of  Calder  by  a  royal  licence.  His  son  (6)  William,  in 
1471,  bought  from  Andrew  Lesly.  master  of  the  hospital  of  Spey, 
with  consent  of  tiie  Bishop  of  Moray,  the  miln  of  Nium.  with  its 
pertinents,  (Ibid) ;  and.  in  1476,  the  llianage  of  Calder.  Baroniea 
of  Clunie  and  Boath,  Belmakeith,  half  of  Raite,  Moy,  Dnnmaglaes. 
two  Rinkells,  Kindess,  Invermarkie,  Mulchoich,  Drumurnie,  Ferin- 
tosh,  &c.,  were  united  in  one  Thanage.  and  such  lands  as  lie  in 
Inverness  or  Forres  shires,  to  answer  to  the  Sheriff-Court  of  Nairn, 
(Ibid.)  Hence  Ferintosh,  Moy;  Dunmaglass,  are  a  part  of  the 
shire  of  Nairn. 

This  Thane  bad  five  sons, — ^viz.  William,  John.  Andrew,  Alex- 
ander, and  Hncheon.  on  whom  he  entailed  his  estate,  allowing  the 
immediate  succession  to  John,  to  which  William  (who  was  lame^nd 
weak]  consented,  and  had  £20  annually,  and  the  vicarage  of  £wan ; 
all  this  was  settled  by  charter,  anno  1488,  (Ibid.)  This  Thane 
lived  to  about  tbe  year  1500;  his  son  (7)  John,  married  Isabel  Bose» 
daughter  of  Rilravock,  in  1402,  (Pen.  Kilr.),  arid,  dying  in  1404. 


*  TTW  TTlllHrVTIt  'ff  f^^*^|  CraMttrnM^aT  Imutf  Waini,  ai^  MW.fi*  nf  «f«ir—  ^M,  —H  rf  Wat  111  jimfc 

«f  Vnf  AI(OQudart(Mir  bat  dsfanct  podMMMK 


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ito  UEdtittAPMV    «P    MORJkV.  PABT  IJ. 

]eft'  one  posthumoua  child,  a  duig^ter  (Sy  Mairiel  or  Mftrioik .  ^V 
ravock'intendM  this  heiress  for  his  owd  grandson,  her  first  couun; 
biit'  Kilravd^k  being'  pursued  in  a  crimiaal  process  for  robbery,  \a 
j<uhin^  jMacintoah  in  spoiling;  the  lands  of  Urqoharl  of  Cnuqarty, 
Ar^le^  the  Justice-General,  made  the  process  dasy  to  him,  .gt>t  the 
Ward  of  Muiriefs  marria^  of  the  King,  anno  ^4S^,  and.  she  was., 
sent'to  Inverary  in  the  year  1^9,  (Pen,  Kilr.) 

In  ftuiumn,  T499,  Campbell  of  Invediver,  with  sixty  mfen.  canw' 
to  receive  the  child,  on  pretence  (^  sendin:^  her  South,  to  school. 
The  Lady  Kilravock,  her  grandmother,  that'  she  might  not  be- 
changed,  seared  and  marked  her  hip,  with  the  key  of  her  eoffdr.  As. 
Itiverliver  Came  with  little  Muirielto  Daltulich,  in  StratK-N(um,  bo 
was  closely  pursued  by  Alexander  and  Hugh  Calders,  her  nodes, 
with  a  superior  party.  He  sent  off  the  child  with  an  escort  of  vx 
men,  fikced  aboiit  to  receive  the  Calders ;  and  tn  deceive  thema'Shflaf 
of  com,  dressed  in  some  of  the  child's  cloatbes,.  was  kqtt  by  one  in 
the  rear.  The  conflict  was  sharp,  aiid  several  were  killed,  aolong* 
whom  were  six  of  Inverliver's  soiw,  WhenTjaveHiVer  tfaoilght  tbe 
idnid  was  out  of  reach,  he  retrra^f,  leftving  tbe  fictitious  child  t», 
the  Calders;  and  Inverliver  was  rewarded  with  a  grant  of  tbe  £3Q 
kuid  of  Inverliver.  It  is  sud,  Uiat,  in  the  heat  of  tbe  skirmish.  In*' 
verliver  cried  out,  'Sfada  glaodh  o*  Lochorc,  'Sfada  cabhair  o'  cklati 
Dhume,  i.  e.  "  'Tis  a  far  cry  to  Lachaw,  and  a  distant  h«tp  to  the 
Catnpbells  ;"-^— now  a  proverb,  signifying,  imminent  danger,  «a4 
'distant  relief.     All  this  I  give  on  tradition. 

Mniriiel  was  married,  in  1510,  to  Sir  John  Campbell,  third  sofn  <d 
Atgyle.  In  memory  of  which,  in  tbe  old  hall  of  the  house  of  Catd^l*,- 
is  eut,  S.  I.  C.  and  D.  M.  C,  with  this  inscription,  "Ceri  manl 
liienuneris  mane."  (1)  Sir  John  Campbell  of  Calder,  in  1533,  pur- 
chased ft'om  John  Ogilvie  of  Carnoi^ie,  Meikle  Geddes,  Raite,  and 
lAnriaefQf-iXrC^m.  Cd;ft/.7/ afid.  in  IS35,  purchased  ifrom  David, 
£v)  of  Crawford^  tbe  Barony  of  Stntth^^^feirn,  Ecfftiaieto  of  CuUe 


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rART  11.  OEOGRAPHY  OF  MOBAT.  157 

Pavie,  and  the  patronage  of  Lundichty,  now  Dunlichty,  (Ibid); 
and.  in  154^  he  bought,  from  Patrick,  Bishop  of  Moray,  the  lands 
of  Fleenessmore.  (Ibid.)  He  died  in  1546;  and  his  son  (2)  Archi- 
bald, married  Isabel,  the  daughter  of  the  Laird  of  Grant ;  and,  dying 
in  1553,  his  son  (3)  John,  purchased  Ardersier  and  Delnies,  (VidB 
Nairn  Parith),  and  was  murdered,  in  1599,  by  Lochinel'a  brother; 
Hid  son  (4)  Sir  John,  got  from  the  Earl  of  Moray  a  renunciation, 
&c.,  (  Vida  Daoiot.  Par.)  He  purchased  the  Baronies  of  Durris  and 
Borlum.  (Vide  I>a>r.  Par.);  and,  in  1609,  took  a  charter  of  LitUe 
Budzet,  Little  Urchany  and  Croy,  from  Alexander,  Bishop  of  Moray, 
(Ibid);  but,  in  1614,  he  feued  out  Delmigvie  and  Holm.  In  1617, 
be  sold  Croy  to  William  Dallas  of  Cantray,  and,  in  the  same  year, 
disponed  Ferintosh  to  Lord  Lovat,  and  mortgaged  other  lands;  and 
all  this  in  order  to  purchase,  or  rather  to  conquer  the  island  of  Hay. 
His  80D,  by  Glenurcbie's  daughter,  (5)  John  Dow,  had  all  his  lands 
in  the  North,  by  a  charter,  under  the  great  seal,  anno  1633,  erected 
into  a  Bar<Hiy,  called  the  Burgh  of  Campbeltown,  with  pqwer  to 
create  Bailies,  Constables,  Sergeants,  and  other  officers, — liberty  to 
bare  a  Town-house,  and  a  market-cross, — a  weekly  market  on  Wed- 
nesday,— and  a  Fair,  to  begin  on  July  15th,  and  to  hold  eight  days, 
— and  that  all  infeflments  may  be  taken  at  the  Castle  of  Calder. 
Lord  Torpichen  had  some  Temple-lands  in  Adersier,  which  he  sold 
to  Mr  Thomas  Bollock,  Adroeate,  with  the  office  of  heritable  Bai- 
lie, and  a  privilege  of  regality,  which  he  disponed  to  Calder  in  1626. 
In  1626,  Calder  granted  the  feu  of  Dunmaglas,  to  Ferqultard  Mac- 
gillivray ;  and,  in  1639,  he  disponed  all  his  lands  in  favour  of  bis 
eldest  son,  (by  Cromarty's  daughter),  viz.  Colin.  I  find  that  tbift 
John  was  seized  with  melancholy  in  1639,  and  yet  was  livin|^  in 
1650.  His  son  (6)  Colin,  died,  at  the  University  of  Glasgow,  a 
bachelor ;  and  was  succeeded  by  (7)  Sir  Hugh,  son  of  Colin  of  Bog- 
hole,  who  was  brother  to  the  last  John.  This  gentleman  purchased 
Moynesp  and  Urchany,  as  formerly  observed.     Id  167S,.  he  pur* 

3B 


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158  OKOGRAPHV    OFMORAV.  PART   II. 

ttuisetl  Raite>Ca8t(e  and  Baite-Lone  from  John  Hay  of  Lochloy, 
ami  redeemed  some  mortgagea ;  but  mortgaged  other  land%  And 
feaed  out  Kincbyle,  ia  1685.  In  1688,  he  disponed  his  whole  estate 
in  favour  of  his  son,  reserving  the  life-rent  of  bis  estate  in  the  north ; 
aod  died  in  1716.  His  son,  by  Lady  Henriet  Stewart,  (8)  Sir  Alex- 
ander, married  Elizabeth,  sister  to  Sir  Gilbert,  Lord  of  Stackpole, 
in  South  Wales,  and  died  in  1700.  His  eldest  son  (9)  Gilbert,  died 
ill  1708,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  brother  (10)  John  Campbell,  bom 
in  1095;  he  sold  Hay  and  Muckarn,  to  disburden  his  estate  of  debt. 
He  married  Mary  Pryce,  heiress  of  Gogirthen.  in  North  Walei^  by 
whom  he  had  three  sons  and  three  daughters.  The  first  daughter, 
Ann,  married  Lord  Fortescue ;  Mary  died  unmarried,  and  Elizabeth 
married  Captain  Adams.  Pryce,  the  eldest  son,  married,  in  1752, 
Sarah  Bacon,  daughter  of  Sir  Edmund  of  Garboldisham,  first 
Baronet  of  England,  and,  dying,  in  1768,  left  four  sons, — viz.  John, 
Alexander.  George,  and  Charles;  and  three  daughters, — Mary; 
Sarah,  and  Henrietta.  John,  the  second  son,  was,  in  1754,  appoint^ 
ed  Lord  Lyon  for  Scotland ;  he  married  Eustachia,  daughter  of 
Basset  of  Heaton.  Alexander,  the  third  son,  was  a  Lientenant- 
Colonel,  and  married  Francess,  daughter  of  Philip  Meadows.  Pryce 
Campbell  having  died  during  his  father's  lifetime,  his  son  (11)  John 
Campbell,  succeeded  his  grandfather,  and  was  created  a  British  Peer 
by  the  title  of  Lord  Cawdor ;  he  married  Lady  Caroline,  daughter 
to  the  Earl  of  Carlisle,  by  whom  he  had  two  sons,  John  Frederick, 
and  George  Pryce,  an  Admiral  in  the  Royal  Navy,  who  married 
Miss  Gascoyg^e,  daughter  of  General  Gascoygne,  M.P.  for  Ijver- 
pool.  John  Campbell  died  in  1821.  and  was  succeeded  by  his  eldest 
son  (12)  John  Frederick,  now  Lord  Cawdor,  who,  in  1616,  married 
Lady  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  the  Marquis  of  Bath,  by  whom  she 
has  issue. 

Arms  of  the  family  of  Calder — Four  Coats.  Quarterly,  Ist,  Or.    A 
Hart's  Head  cabossed.  Sable,  attired  Gules,  for  Calder.     Second. 


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PART    11.  GEOGRAPHY. OF    MORAY.  140 

C^roDoe  of  eighty  Or,  and  Sable,  for  Campbell.  Third,  Argent,  a 
Galley,  with  her  Oars  in  action,  Sable,  for  Lorn.  Fonrth,.  Parted 
per  Fess,  Azure  and  Goles,  a  Cross,'  Or,  for  the  name  of  Lort. 
Crest,  a  Swan,  proper,  crowned,  Or.  Supporters,  on  the  Dexter,  a 
Lyon  rampant  Guardant,  Gules,  armed.  Or.  And  on  the  Sinister, 
a  Heart,  proper.  Motto,  above  the  Crest.  CANDIDUS  CANTA- 
BIT  MORIENS.*    And  below  the  Shield.  BE  MINDFUL. 

THE  PARISH  OF  CROY. 

'  The  parish  of  Croy  is  next  above  Calder,  on  both  judes  of  the 
river.  It  stretcheth  twelve  miles  in  length  on  the  west  side  of  the 
river,  and  four  miles  on  the  east  rade,  and  is  generally  two  miles  in 
breadth.  The  church  standeth  on  the  west  ude,  a  mile  from  the 
river,  four  miles  west  from  Nairn,  two  miles  west-north-west  from 
Calder.  three  south-east  from  Petty,  and  four  north  from  Deviot. 
The  nortb  part  of  this  parish,  to  the  west  of  the  river,  viz.  Kildrum- 
mie,  Flemingtoto,  and  the  Barony  of  Kilravock,  is  a  part  of  the 
estate  of  that  family. 

THE  FAMILY  OF  ROSE  OF  KILRAVOCK. 

The  simame  of  Rose  cometh  from  the  Hebrew,  Roah,  a  Head, 
and  Rhos,  or  Ros,  signifying  a  Promontory  or  Head-land  jutting 
bat  into  Water,  In  many  nations  places  are  called  Rose,  or  com- 
pounded with  it.  And  the  country  by-uorth  Inverness  is  <^led 
Ross,  because  it  stretcheth  out  into  the  sea.  I  question  not,  but 
Ross,  Earl  of  Ross,  took  his  sirname  from  the  country.  But  Rilra- 
tock's  family  being  descended  of  the  Rosses  in  the  south  country, 
(as  their  paternal  arms  show),  and  the  name  being. anciently  written 
&  Rooa,  which  we  sound  much  as  Rose,  they  have  changed  Rooa 
into  Rose,  to  distinguish  them  from  the  Earl  of  Ross'  family.     And 

*  The  Sivtn  will  sbg  whilf  dybag. 


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160  UBOORAPHT    OF    MOBAY.  PART    II. 

yet  I  have  found  this  femily,  in  ancient  writs,  called  Roos,  Ross, 
Rosse,  Roae. 

^Had  not  the  writing  of  this  family  been  destroyed,  (as  we  shall 
see),  in  the  burning^  of  the  Cathedral  of  Moray,  in  1390,  few  iamilies 
could  have  better  instructed  their  antiquity  {and  even^  with  that 
miitfortune,  few  can  exceed  it.  The  Barony  of  Geddes,  in  the 
parish  of;  Nairn,  was  their  ancient  inheritance:  Htigo^  de  Rods, 
I>omiuus  de  Geddes,  is  a  witness  in  the  foundation  charter  of  the 
Priory  of  Beaulie,  anno  1330,  (M.S!  Hiat.  Kilr.J  Sir  John  Bisset 
of  Lovat  had  three  daughters,  co-heires^es, — viz.  Mary  Pomina  de 
Lovat,  married  to  Sir  David  Graham;  Cecilia  IK>niina  de  Beaufort, 
wife  of  Sir  William  of  Fenton;  and  Elizabeth  Don^ina  de  Kilra- 
vock,  married  to  Sir  Andrew  de  Bosco  (Wood)  of  Red-Castle ;  and 
Mary,  daug^hter  of  Sir  Andrew,  was  married  to  (I)  Hug'h  Rose. 
Baron  of  Geddes,  and  she  and  her  husband  obtained  a  charter  of 
the  Barony  of  Kilravock,  from  Ring  John  Baliol,  aiino  1393,  (Pat. 
Kilr.J ;  and,  in  1295,  the  Baronies  of  Kilravock  and  Geddes.  were 
estimated  by  an  inquest,  the  first  to  £24,  and  the, other  to  £12  yearly 
rent,  (Appendix,  No.  XVIIl.)  Their  son  (2)  William,  married 
Morella,  daughter  of  Alexander  de  Uowne,  and  had  Hugh,  and  An- 
drew, of  whom  came  Rose  of  Achlossin,  in  Mar.  (3)  Hugh,  second, 
died  about  1363;  his  son  (4)  Hugh,  third,  married  Janet,  only  child 
of  Sir  Robert  Chisholm,  Constable  of  the  Castle  of  Urquhart,  anno 
1364,  and  with  her  got  the  lands  of  Cantra-nabruich,  in  Strath- 
Nairn.  He  died  about  1388.  His  son  (5)  Hugh,  fourth,  died  in 
1420,  whose  son  (6)  John,  obtsuned  a  charter  of  de  Nova  Damns, 
under  the  great  seal.  May  30,  1433,  "  pro  eo,  quod  Chartee  suie, 
tempore  combustionis  Ecclesise  de  Elgin,  in  Ecclesia  preedicta  fiie- 
runt  Tastatee  et  destructfie."*  (lb.)    He  got,  from  his  grand-uncle 


btheHldOnirii. 


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PART    II.  OEOGBAPHV    OF    MORAY.  161 

John  Chisholm,  the  lands  of  Little  Cantray  and  Ochterarchil,  in  1430, 
(lb.)  His  SOD,  by  Isabel  Cheyne,  daag-hter  of  Easilmont,  was  (7) 
Hug^h,  fifth,  who,  in  1483,  purchased  the  lands  of  Coulinore,  in  Ross» 
(lb.)  He  married  More  or  Marion,  daughter  of  Macintosh.  Hia 
second  son,  Alexander,  founded  the  family  of  Holm.  Hugh  died» 
in  1404i  and  his  eldest  son  (8)  Hug-h,  sixth,  by  Margaret  Gordon, 
daughter  of  Huntly,  had  Hugh,  John,  progenitor  of  the  Rosses  of 
Bellivat,  and  Alexander,  of  whom  came  the  family  of  Insh,  in  the 
Garioch,  and  died  in  1517.  ^)  Hugh,  seventh,  by  Agnes  Urquhart, 
daughter  of  Cromarty,  had  Hugh,  and  John  of  Wester-Drakies,  and 
died  anno  1543.  (10)  Hugh,  eighth,  purchased,  from  Bishop  Hep- 
bam,  in  1545,  the  lands  of  Kildnimmie,  Coulmonie,  and  Daltulich. 
His  facetious  humour  appeareth  in  a  submission  between  him  and 
two  neighbours — his  subscription  to  which  is,  "  Hutcheon  Rose  of 
Kilravock,  an  honest  man,  ill-guided  between  you  baith."  He  died, 
in  1597,  leaving,  by  Catharine,  daughter  of  Hawkerto.wD,a-soD  (11) 
William,  second,  who,  by  Ijlias  Hay,  daughter  of  Dalgatie,  had 
Hugh,  William  of  Clava,  John  of  Braidly,  and  David  of  Earlsmiln ; 
and  died  anno  1611.  (12)  Hugh,  ninth,  purchased  Flemingtown, 
from  the  Earl  of  Moray,  in  1639.  He  married  Magdalene  Fraser. 
daughter  of  Strichen,  and  died  in  1643.  His  son  (13)  Hugh,  tenth, 
married  a  daughter  of  Sinclair  of  Dunbeth,  who  brought  him  Hugh 
and  John,  of  whom  is  Hiltoun,  and  be  died  in  1649.  (14)  Hugh, 
eleventh,  called  Sonsy-Sides,*  purchased  Kennudie  from  his  great 


*  Ik  tbe  tima  at  Sotuy-SidM,  lifting  or  cattle  wh  iIUI  curied  on  bf  the  Hlgtiluid  cIbiii.  Hmm 
far*yi  nrere  either  headed  b^  the  dile^  or  conducted  by  his  orden;  andi  being  winked  nt  by  tbeanttM. 
rities,  lediCM  wa*  MUom  to  be  fbumd.  The  estate  of  KUnvock,  with  the  extensive  propertiea  btdong- 
faig  lo  it,  was  much  exposed  to  depredatioa.  both  mi  account  of  the  peaceable  dkspositkm  of  its  Baton, 
and  be  ewellent  cattle  reared  on  the  estate,  which  gave  rise  to  the  Gnelk  proyerb  common  to  IhU  day, 
H  p^  Hi  i(  dt  ^  a  tliidnniig  ban  a  phoeadh  a  teach  mor,  agm  bj  cbsannBch  s's  Kllralclc."  There  wu 
one  of  KUrarock's  tenants,  of  the  name  of  Rose,  of  great  bodily  strength,  to  whom  the  tenant!  paid  Black 
Hail  brpiotecltngtfa^  cattle,  and  seUoai  did  be  allow  the  depredaton  to  pass  with  impunity.  TheGor- 

»  8 


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16:2  tifiOtiUi^PHY    OF    MOUAV.  PAKT   11; 

sire,  and  sold  Coulmore,  and  purchased  Couloess,  and  Rarichees,  in 
Boss,  anno  1681.  He  married,  lat,  Margaret  Innes,  daughter  of  Sir 
Rohert  Innes  of  that  Ilk,  by  whom  he  had  fire  sons  and  two  daugh- 
ters,— viz.  Hugh,  Robert,  William,  James,  and  John,  .who  all  died 
without  issue.  His  daughters  were,  Margaret,  and  £Uzabeth.  He 
married,  3d,  Mary,  daughter  of  Alexander,  tenth  Lord  Forbes,  by 
whom  he  had  five  sons, — viz.  Alexander,  who  was  a  Colonel  of 
Dragoons;  William;  George;  Arthur — who  all  died  unmarried;  and 
John,  who  practised  as  a  physician,  in  Ireland,  for  several  years, 
with  reputation,  where  he  married,  and  left  a  son,  John.  He  died, 
anno  1687,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  eldest  son,  Hugh,  twelfth,  styl- 
ed the  Black  Baron — a  man  of  integrity  and  merit — who  added  to 
his  estate,  the  Barony  of  Mulrtown,  near  Kinloss,  and  the  lands  of 
Brae,  in  Ross.  He  was  five  times  married ;  Ist,  with  Margaret, 
daughter  of  Sir  Hugh  Campbell  of  Calder,  by  whom  he  had  a  sod, 
Hngb,  and  two  daughters;  Henrietta,  married  to  Sir  John  Mackouzie 
of  Coul,  and  Mary,  married  to  Duncan  Forbes  of  CuUoden,  afterwards 
Lord  President;  3d,  with  Jean,  only  child  of  James  Fraser  of  Brae,  by 
whom  he  had  one  son,  James,  commonly  called  James  Rose  of  Brae, 
who  was  father  of  Dr  Hugh  Rose  of  Broadley,  and  grandfather  of 
James  Bose,  heir-male  of  the  late  Kilravock ;  3d,  with  Jean,  daugh- 
ter of  Outhbert  of  Castle- hill,  who  brought  him,  Magdalane,  married 
to  Mackenzie  of  Dachmaluach,  and  Jean,  married  to  Robertson  of 
Glasgoego;  4th,  with  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Sir  James  Calder  of 
Muirtown,  who  had  Margaret,  married  to  Sir  Charles  Campbell, 


doni,  one  <rf  the  moit  powerful  elans  in  Scotlaad,  nude  mi  incnnlou  uid  iiuc4:«edcd  in  carrybg  off  their 
bootf,  before  the  Tunls  could  be  nimmcmed  to  reiitt  them.  The  Baron,  now  advanced  in  yean,  and 
ben^  cdutttnllonally  nnwilllni,  as  hu  title  Implies,  yet  retaining  the  high  iplritedDcsa  for  whldi  be 
was  lemaricable  in  youth,  went,  persmally,  to  represent  bii  grienoce  (o  hli  noble  reUtire  the  Dake  of 
flwdon,  chief  4rf  the  clan  Gordon.  But  not  Dieetlng  with  the  reception  he  expected,  and  obtainbf  n* 
pramite  of  reparation  for  his  Iom,  he  Karcely  retunked  to  hit  cattle  to  tell  his  friends  of  hit  dia^iprint- 
meot,  and  tlie  btigues  of  his  Jouniey,  when  he  died. 


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PART    II.  OEOORAPHY   OF  HOBAT.  Iflf 

son  of  Sir  Archibald  Campbell  of  Cawdor ;  and,  5tht  with  Catharino^ 
daag:bter  of  James  Portena  of  Inverness,  by  whom  he  had  two  sons, 
Arthur,  a  Captain  in  the  army,  and  Alexander,  a  merchant  in  Caro- 
lina. This  Hugh,  being  a  man  of  parts,  was  Sheriff-]>epute  of  Ross, 
and  was  one  of  those  named  by  the  last  Scottish  Parliament,  to  re~ 
present  Scotland  in  the  British  Parliament,  anno  1707.  He  died  in 
January,  1 732,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  eldest  son,  Hugh,  thirteenth, 
who  sold  the  lands  of  Brae,  in  Ross,  and  purchased  Broadley,  near 
Nairn.  He  married,  1st,  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Sir  Ludovick  Grant 
of  Grant,  by  whom  he  had  two  sons,  Hugh,  his  heir,  born  in  1705, 
and  Lewis  of  Coulmony.  He  married,  3d,  Jean,  eldest  daughter  of 
Hugh  Rose  of  Broadley,  by  whom  he  had  two  sons  and  six  daugh- 
ters. His  sons  were,  John,  and  George,  who  both  died  ojBicers  in 
the  army ;  and  his  daughters,  Margaret,  married  to  John  Mackenzie, 
M.D.,  Edinburgh;  Henrietta,  married  to  Sir  William  Dunbar  of 
Hempriggs,  Baronet ;  Anne,  married  to  Sir  Harry  Munro  of  Fowlis, 
Baronet — all  of  whom  had  issue ;  Alexandrina ;  Jean,  married  to 
Duncan  Ross  of  Kindeace,  in  Ross-shire  ;  and  Caroline,  married  to 
Major  Brodie.  He  died  28th  May,  1755.  and  was  succeeded  by  bis 
eldest  son,  Hugh,*  fourteenth,  who  was  bred  to  the  Law.  and  was 


'.On  the  day  preTloua  to  the  mepMrable  bitlle  of  CaDoden,  the  Datte  of  CuitiberUtid,tiarhig  halted 
with  bb  may  at  Nairn,  lodged  b  the  houw  of  Hugh  Rom  of  Kiltavock,  who  wai  (hen  ProTost  of  that 
■aetrat  bai^ h,  and  whoie  tayallj  aw)  attachment  to  the  cauM  of  King  Gmrge  the  Srcond  I*  attested  bjr 
the  following  iutcription  oa  a  porter  cup,  prewtrved  in  the  old  oullenf  Kilravot^k, — «  Thia  cup  be)oD|[i 
to  the  Provost  of  Nairn,  1746,  the  year  of  our  dellrcranCF.    A  bumper  to  the  Duke  of  Cumberland," 

About  two  o'clock  of  llie  same  day,  an  officer  from  Prince  Charles  Stuart  arrived  at  KUiavock,  to  ao* 
Bounce  that  it  was  the  intention  of  the  Prince  to  dine  that  day  at  the  castle.  Mr  Rose  and  his  Lady 
made  the  best  prepantion  (hat  the  ahortoeMor  (he  time  admitted,  (or  the  rcccplioa  of  so  lltustrioiii  and 
onexpvted  a  gueat ;  and  in  about  an  hour  after  the  Prince  reached  ttie  castle,  attended  by  a  numerow 
retinue  of  gentlemen,  many  of  whom  were  French.  The  manners  and  department  of  (he  Prince  oa  Ihb 
occuion  were  descril>ed  by  Mr  Rose  and  hit  Lady  ai  baring  been  most  engaging.  He  usked  the  nnn. 
ber  of  Mr  Rose's  children,  and,  on  being  told  three  sons,  he  requested  to  we  tbem,  pnUied  tbeir  looka^ 
•ltd  kbsod  each  of  tfaein  on  the  fordiead.  Having  walked  out  with  Mr  Rose,  previous  to  dinner,  and 
«bmved  several  people  engaged  in  planting  (hose  treat  which  now  adorn  tb<  asetmit  fkmny  seat  <rf  tba 


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164  OEOGRAPHV    OF    MORAY.  PART    II. 

Sheritf-Depute  of  Ross  and  Cromarty.  In  1 730,  he  married  Eliza- 
beth, daughter  of  Colonel  William  Clephane,  nephew  of  Clepbane 
of  Carslogie,  in  Fifesbire,  by  whom  be  bad  three  (wna  and  a  daugh- 
ter,— viz.  Hugh,  bis  heir;  William,  who  was  Captain  in  the  Suther- 
land Fencibles,  and  died,  unmarried,  in  1772;  John,  who  was  a 
Wine-Merchant,  in  London,  and  died,  unmarried,  in  1767;  and,  Eli- 
zabeth, born  19th  March.  1747.  He  was  a  very  literary  character, 
and  added  greatly  to  the  library  of  Kilravock, — parlicttlarly.'some  of 
the  best  editions  of  the  Classics,  which  he  purchased  in  Holland. 
He  died  in  1773,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  eldest  son,  Hugb,  fif- 
teenth, who  was  also  bred  to  the  Law,  and  passed  as  Advocate,  but 
never  practised.      He  was  a  highly-accomplished  gendeman  and 


Rmn,  be  renikrfced,  **  How  htf^  mnit  jnia  be,  Mr  Rom,  in  bdng  that  potccftiltj  engaged,  irbcu  dw 
irhole  cuniitry  KnmDd  jron  k  hi  a  itir." 

•  Mr  Roae,  who  wns  a  eqrilal  ptrtortaer,  having  taken  up  the  violin  and  played  an  Italian  Minuet,  viJ 
to  the  Prince,  '^That,  IT  I  miitake  not,  isa&vourite  of  yonr  Royal  Highness."  Thai  It  la  a  &vourite 
of  mine,  Mr  Rme,  ii  certain,  but  hotr  you  came  to  know  that  it  ia  so,  I  am  qnite  at  a  Iota  to  guen." 
'**  That,  Sir,''  replied  Mr  Rooe,  "  may  aerve  to  show  yon,  that  whatever  pei^le  af  yow  nok  ^  or  aBf 
ii  mre  to  be  remariied."    **  I  thaak  yon,"  aaid  Ibe  rrinee, "  for  that  obsemtlan." 

Prince  Charlea,  hi*  Secretary,  Mr  Kmy,  and  Mr  and  Mrs  Roae,  dined  together^  b  what  ii  now  tbe 
parlonroflbeoldraitle,  while  forty  of  the  Prince'a  attendanta  dined  ina  large  hall  adjoining.  Betwe^ 
tfieae  two  noini  there  li  a  ahort  panaga^  in  irtiidi  two  of  tite  Priaee'a  oScera  atood  with  drawn  iworda 
while  he  was  at  dioiieT.  Wlien  the  ctoth  wae  reawved,  Mr  Roae  profoae*!  to  die  Prince  that  be  wonld 
allow  thoM  gentlemen  to  go  to  dine,  adding,  "  Your  Royal  Highneaa  may  be  Mtiafied  that  yoa  are  per- 
fectly Mfe  in  thia  houte."  To  which  he  replied,  "  1  know,  Sir,  that  I  ank  lafe  here ;  you  can  dnire 
them  to  go  to  dinner," 

A  large  and  very  haadaome  china  bowl,  capable  of  coalamlng  aa  much  ai  iIxteeB  ordinary  battles,  la 
atill  preaerred  at  tbe  castle  ef  Kilravock.  Tliii  bowl  Mr  Kay  greatly  admbed,  and  said  that  he  wonld 
like  to  tee  It  filled.  ■IneonaequeMeeflmmedialelyafterdianei,  the  bowl,  filled  with  good  whisky-panrii, 
waa  placed  m  tbe  Prince'i  table.  After  drinking  a  few  glasses  of  wine,  Prince  Charles  rose  to  drpart, 
aa  did  also  Mr  Kay ;  but  the  Prince,  goodJiiunouredly,  said,  '^  No,  no,  Kay,  ainee  yon  have  challenged 
tttat  bowl,  yon  nuat  stay  la  sea  it  out."  Kay,  liowrver,  took  only  a  glass,  and  accompanied  his  laasler 
to  CnUodes,  wiMie  Uiey  slept. 

.  Ngttday,  tbe  Puke  of  Cnmberlaad  tt»fped  on  his  warcb  at  the  gate  of  Kilravock  Caatle,  and  Mr  Roaff 
IwTb^  gana  oat  l»  netijt  bim,  the  Unke  si^  **  So  I  undentand  you  had  my  cousin,  Charlea,  bem 
ywlerday."  *'Yea,  pleaae  your  Royal  Higfaoeaa,"  replied  Mr  Rose,  "not  having  an  armed  force,  1 
conld  not  pievaul  hi*  viut."  **  You  did  perfiKtIy  right,"  aud  the  Duke,  **  and  1  entirely  qipiuve  of 
your  conduct."    So  saying,  be  rode  on  to  tbe  moorofCnlladen. 


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1»ABT    II.  OEOORAPHV  0¥   MORAY.  169 

scholar,  wm  extremely  fond  of  field  sports,  and  reckoned  one  <rf  the 
best  shots  in  Britain.  He  was  also  a  first-rate  perforqier  on  the  vio- 
lin ;  indeed,  the  whole  Kilravock  &mily  have  been  long  celebrated 
for  their  mnsical  talents.  In  1773,  he  married  Miss  Anne  Fraaer 
of  Invemess — a  Lady  of  exquisite  beanty ;  bnt  dying,  without  issue, 
in  1782,  a  long  law-suit  followed  betwixt  his  sister,  Elizabeth,  who 
claimed,  as  heir-<^-line,  and  James  Rose,  son  of  Dr  Hugh  Rose,  by 
his  first  wife.  Margaret  Russel,  who  clumed,  as  heir-male  to  the  late 
Kilravock.  After  a  protracted  litigation  of  five  years'  duration,  Mrs 
Rose,  having  appealled  to  the  House  of  Lords,  their  Lordships,  on 
the  3d  April,  1787,  gave  judgment,  deciding  all  the  material  point*-, 
in  favour  of  Mrs  Rose.  By  this  decision,  she  succeeded  to  the  Ba- 
rony of  Kilravock,  and  the  lands  of  Kildrummieand  Easter-Torrich, 
while  James  Rose  was  found  entitled  to  the  lands  of  Geddes  and 
Flemtngtown,  and  the  patronage  of  Moy  and  vice-patronage  of  Croy. 
Mrs  Elizabeth  Rose  was  a  Lady  of  the  most  amiable  and  accom- 
plished manners,  and  of  the  very  highest  literary  attainments.  She 
added  connderably  to  the  already  viduable  collection  ofbooksat  Kil- 
ravock Castle,  and  has  left  several  volumes  of  manuscript  extracts 
form  her  fiivourite  authors,  both  in  prose  and  verse.  Her  corres-' 
pondence  with  Bums,  the  Poet,  does  equal  credit  to  her  head  and 
heart  In  1779,  she  married  Dr  Hug^  Rose  of  Broadley.  who  died 
in  1780,  and  by  whom  she  had  an  only  son,  Hugh^  bom  Febmary 
8,  17^1.  After  the  death  of  her  husband,  she  removed  from  Forres 
to  Nairn,  where  she  resided,  in  the  Kilravock  house,  with  her  mo* 
ther,  for  some  years ;  but,  on  her  accession  to  the  estate,  she,  and  her 
mother,  took  possec^ion  of  Kilravock  Castle,  where  she  devoted 
much  of  her  time  to  the  improvement  of  the  remains  of  the  once  ex- 
tensive possessions  of  her  ancestors, — ^though  harassed  by  two  very 
tedious  and  expensive  law-pleas.  She  planted  nearly  1000  acres  <^ 
moor  ground,  with  Scotch  Hrand  Larch,  which,  in  the  ^urse  of  a 
few  years,  will  add  greatly  to  the  value  of  the  property.     She  en- 


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106  GEOGBAFHV    OF    MORAY.  PART    If. 

dosed  with  substaatUl  fences,  and  drained  §erera]  extensive  farms ; 
and  by  her  ii^uence  over  the  tenanUy,  with  whom  she  was,  deserv- 
«dly»  very  popular,  abe  persuaded  them  to  build  comfortable  houses, 
with  suitable  f^m-steadings.  She  also  drained,  at  a  very  consider- 
able expense,  great  part  of  the  Loch  of  Clans,  formerly  an  extenave 
Lake,  in  the  hope.of  finding^  Aiarl  in  it.  and,  tho'  in  this  she  was  dis- 
appointed, it  has  added  nearly  100  acres  to  the  estate,  which,  by  pro- 
per culture,  will  sopn  become  of  much  value. 
-  This  Lady  inherited,  in  perfection,  the  musical  g;enius  of  her  fa- 
mily ;  for  she  not  only  played  on  the  piano  and  guitar,  with  great 
t»ste  and  execution,  but  was  also  an  admirable  performer  on  the  vio- 
lin— an  instrument  very  rarely  seen  in  a  female  hand.  On  the  death 
Qf  Mrs  Rose,  in  November,  1815,  she  was  succeeded  by  her  eldest 
9on,  Hugh,  sixteenth,  who  served,  for  some  years,  as  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  of  the  Inverness-shire  regiment  of  militia,  during  the  late 
war,  and  titerwards  commanded  the  Lqcal  MUitia  of  the  county  of 
Nairn,  of  which  he  is  at  present  Vice- Lieutenant.  He  married,  Is^ 
Catherine,  daughter  of  Colonel  John  Baillie  of  Dunain,  by  whom  he 
has  three  sons  and  four  daughters, — viz.  Hugh;  John,  Ensign  in  the 
5(Hh  regiment  of  Foot ;  George  ;  Isabella ;  Elizabeth ;  Margaret ; 
laid  Catherine  Duff.  He  married,  3d,  Catherine,  daughter  of  James 
^facintosh,  £sq.  d  Farr,  by  whom  he  had  three  song  and  three 
daughters, — viz.  James;  William;  Wellington  (born  on  the  ever- 
memorable  18th  (^  June) ;  Anne  Eraser ; .  Harriet ;  and  Caroline. 
The  present  proprietor  is  endeavouring  to  follow  out  his  mother's 
UitenUons  of  planting  and  improving  the  waste  ground  on  the'an- 
eient  family  estate,  and,  beiqg  seconded  by  a  numerous,  enterprizing, 
and  skilful  tenantry,  a  great  change  to  the  better,  in  its  appearance, 
is  visible,  within  the  last  few  years. 
;    Kilravock's  paternal  arms  are — Or ;  three  Water  Budgets,  Sab. 

Now  to  describe  the  parish  : — 


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PART    II.  QEOOBAPHY    OP    HORAV.  167 

The  house  of  Kilravock  etandeth  on  a  rock,  on  the  west  bank  of 
Uie  river.  It  is.a  large  pile  of  building',  with  a  strong  tower,  built 
in  1460,  by  a  patAit  from  the  Earl  of  Ross,  (lb.)  The  river,  gai' 
dens,  enclosures,  and  adjacent  Birch-wood,  make  it  a  very  agreeable 
seat  South-west  on  the  river  is  Holm,  the  property  of  John  Rose 
of  Holm,  the  ninth  descent  in  a  direct  line.  The  small  heritage  is 
a  part  of  the  Barony  of  Strath-Nairn,  (Vid.  Daviot.  Par.)  Next  up 
the  river  is  Cantray,  which,  with  Galcantray  and  Bellafiresh  on  the 
east  side  of  the  river,  and  the  lands  of  Croy,  near  the  church,  is 
the  property  of  Mr  Davidson,  who  lately  purchased  it  from 
]>allas  of  Cantray.  Croy  was  purchased  from  Campbell  of  Calder, 
in  1617 ;  but  Cantray  (and  Budzet  in  Calder)  has  been  the  seat  of 
Dallas  for  many  generations.  North-west  from  Cantray,  on  the 
tqi  of  the  hill,  standeth  the  Castle  of  Dalcross,  built,  in  1621,  by 
Lord  Lovat,  whose  property  the  land  was  at  that  time.  It  came, 
afterwards,  to  Sir  James  Frazer  of  Brae,  w  ho  gave  it  as  a  portion 
with  his  daughter,  Jean  Frazer,  <o  Major  Bateman.  The  Major 
sold  it  to  James  Roy  Dunbar,  Bailie  of  Inverness,  and  from  him 
Macintosh  of  Macint<»h  purchased  it,  in  1702.  About  four  miles 
fitrther,  on  the  west  brae  of  the  hill,  is  £a§ter  Leys,  pertaining  to 
Robertson  of  Inches,  (Vid.  Inwmess  Par.)  Next  is  Mid  Leys 
the  property  of  George  Baillie,  son  of  John  BaiHie,  late  writer  to 
^fae  signet,  Edintturgh,  who  was  son  of  James  Baillie,  Sheriff-Clerk 
of  Inverness,  of  the  family  of  Dunain.  Farther  is  West  Leys,  the 
heritage  of  Alexander  Shaw  of  Tordaroch,  who  sold  it  lately  to  Sir 
iiudovick  Grant  of  Grant,  (Vid.  Daviot.  Par.)  These  Leys  hold 
of  Lord  Lovat,  as  a  part  of  the  ancient  estate  of  that  &mily. 

To.  return  to  the  side  of  the  river  Nairn.  Above  Cantray  are 
Little  Cantray,  Cantra-na-bruick^  Orchil,  &c.,  pertaining  to  Kil- 
ravock ;  and  farther  up  is  the  Barony  of  Clava,  the  heritage  of  Rose 
pi  Clava, — of  which  branch,  Hugh  of  Clava  is  now  the  sixth  in  de- 
scent.   This  Baronj  is  situated  on  both  sides  of  the  river.     And  in 


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1^  GEOaaAPHV    OP    MOHAV.  PART    It. 

tlie  upper  part  of  Uie  parish  is  Paltolicfa,  a  mortgage  possessed  by  a 
branch  of  the  Frasera  for  6ve  generations  past  Following  the  river, 
I  come  to  ' 

THE  PARISH  OF  DAVIOT. 

The  parish  of  Daviot  and  Buulichtie  stretcheth  on  both  sides  of 
the  river  Nairn,  about  ten  miles  in  length,  and  in  few  places,  two  in 
breadth.  It  is  enclosed  with  hills,  except  towards  Croy.  The 
church  standeth  on  the  west  bauk,  a  mile  above  the  north  end  of  the 
parish,  three  miles  north  from  Dunliehtie,  which  is  united  with  it 
four  miles  south  from  Croy,  four  miles  south-east  from  Inverness, 
and  three  miles  north-west  from  Moy.  The  Barony  of  Strath-Nairn 
was  the  freehold  of  the  Earl  of  Crawford,  before  the  year  1500. 
David.  Earl  of  Crawford,  married  Catherine,  daughter  of  Robert  II., 
and  with  her  got  the  Barony  of  Strath-Num,  <&c.,  anno  1378 ;  and 
he  disponed  it,  in  feu,  to  Ogilvie,  Laird  of  I^ndlater,  who  resided  at 
Hall-bill,  in  Pettie,  and  was  designed,  Laird  of  Strath-Nairn.  Sir 
John  Campbell  of  Calder.  purchased  Crawford's  right,  in  1535,  and 
thereafter,  Findlater  conveyed  his  feu-hold,  to  the  Earl  of  Moray. 
This  Earl,  unwilling  to  hold  of  Calder,  privately  obtained  a  charter, 
from  the  Chancery,  by  which  he  was  to  hold  of  the  Crown.  Sir  John 
Campbell,  great-grandson  to  the  former  mentioned,  carried  on  a  re- 
daction of  the  Earl  of  Moray's  right,  and  obtained  from  Earl  JamM 
ao  ample  renunciation,  dated  17th  November,  1608,  acknowledging, 
"  That  he  held  of  Sir  John  Campbell  of  Calder,  the  lands  of  Meikle 
Pavie,  cum  Fortalicio,  Budzeat,  Little  Davie,  Coulclachie,  Meikle 
and  Little  Cragies,  Inveramie.  Gask,  Wester  Larg,  Aberchaladers. 
Aberarders,  Dalcrombie,  Letterwhiln,  Brinns,  Fleechtie,  Far,  Holm, 
Failie,  and  Drumornie,"  (Pen.  Cald.J  Thus,  the  Earl  of  Moray 
hf^d^tb  this  Barony  of  Mr  Campbell  of  Calder  as  his  superior. 

On  the  we^  side  of  the  river,  in  the  lower  end  of  the  parish,  is 


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PABT  II.  OEOGSAPHY  OP   MOBAT.  160 

Coddftchiie,  a  8ab-Taasalag;e  of  Angus  Macintosh,  who  novr  repre- 
sMiteth  the  AfacintosheB  of  Connidg«.  Next  Bouthward  is  Davie; 
die  property  of  the  Laird  of  Macintosh.  Here  was  a  Fort,  built  by 
BftTid,  Earl  of  Crawford,  and  after  him  called  Davie-Fort  Next  is 
FiUie,  the  heritage  of  Macbean  of  Failie,  a  branch  of  the  old  clan 
Cbattan,  who  have  long  possensed  this  small  estate.  South  thereof 
is  Ciasdc,  which,  with  Duamaglass,  is  the  property  of  William  Mac- 
giUivray  of  Danmagbes.  This  last  was  purchased  by  the  Thane  of 
Calder,  in  1414>  and  feued  to  Ferquhard  Macalaster.  in  1636 ;  bat 
they  had  immemoiial  Ihtckue  or  possession  of  it  Dunmaglass  is 
Chief  of  the  ancient  clan  of  Macgillivray. 

-  On  the  east  side  of  the  river,  the  first  northward,  is  Cragie,  the 
^rop«ty  of  the  late  William  Shaw  of  Craigfield,  cousin  to  Tor- 
daroch.  South  of  which  is  the  Barony  of  I^args,  a  part  of  Macin- 
tosh's estate.  Further  south  is  Inveramie,  a  mortgage  from  Rose 
of  Kilravock,  who  is  the  Earl  of  Moray's  sub-vassal.  Macphail  of 
laverarnie  is  the  Chief  of  that  ancient  tribe  of  the  clan  Chattan. 
Above  Inverarnie,  on  Ute  brook  of  Feamie,  is  Farr,  the  property  of 
Macintosh  of  Farr,  a  branch  of  the  family  of  Fylachie.  Above 
Inveramie,  on  the  side  of  Num,  is  Tordaroch,  the  seat  of  Alexander 
Shaw,  an  ancient  branch  of  the  Shaws  of  Rothiemurchus.  Thia 
fEunily's  heritage  is  Wester  Leys,  in  the  parish  of  Croy;  but  they 
hold  Tordaroch  in  lease  of  Macintosh,  and  have  resided  in  it  above 
300  hundred  years.  In  die  south  epd  of  DunlichUe  parish  is  Aber- 
arder,  the  heritage  of  William  Macintosh  of  Aberarder,  a  branch  of 
the  family  of  Macintosh ;  and  west  of  Aberarder  is  Dunmaglass,  of 
which  I  have  spoken.  There  are,  in  this  Brae-conntry,  some  other 
sub-vassals  of  the  Earl  of  Moray.     But  I  return  to  the  coast. 

THE  PARISH  OF  ARDERSIER. 

■  -The  parish  of  Ardersier  iieth  on  the  west  coast  from  Nairn;     It  is 
2  U 


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170  GEOGRAPHY   OF    MOHAY.  PABT    I|. 

a  promontory,  runntDg  into  the  Moray  Frith  from  soillh-ciast  to- 
north-west,  and  is  about  two  milea  in  length,  and  little  ropre  than, 
half-a-mile  in  breadth  at  the  south-east ;  and  at  the  nwth-west.  it  ter-, 
minates  in  a  narrow  point,  on  which  the  Fort  is  built  The  wh<de. 
parish  is  the  property  of  John  Campbell  of  Calder,  and  was  a  part  of; 
the  Ifuids  of  the  Bishop  of  Ross,  with  some  Temple-lands,  formerly 
belong^ing  to  the  Knights  Templar.  More  than  a-third  part  of  the 
■whole  bounds  was  purchased,  about  1746,  by  thfe  CroTemment,  f<Mr  a 
precinct  ttf  the  Fort.  The  church  formerly  stood  within  the  precinct ; 
but,  of  late,  there  is  a  new  church  built  a  little  without  it,  about  five 
miles  west  from  Num,  three  miles  north  from  Croy,  and. four  miles 
north-east  from  Pettie.  Whether  tbe  precinct  shall  be  Intra-paro- 
chial,  or  Extra-parochial,  is  not  yet  determined. — Westward  on  the 
coast  is 

THE  PARISH  OF  PETTIE. 

llie  parish  of  Pettie  is  pleasantly  situated  on  a  plain,  betwixt  the 
Frith  and  the  hills  towards  Strath-Niurn.  It  is  in  length,  from  east 
,  to  west,  nearly  five  miles,  and  in  breath  not  above  a-mile  and  a-half. 
The  church  standeth  on  a  rising  ground,  a  furlong  from  the  sea, 
almost  two  miles  from  the  west  end  of  the  parish,  five  miles  north- 
east from  Inverness,  four  miles  south-west  from  Ardersier,  and  near- 
ly three  miles  north-west  from  Croy. 

The  Barony  of  Pettie  was  anciently  a  part  of  the  Earldom  of  Mo- 
ray;  but,  upon  the  death  of  Archibald,  Earl  of  Douglas,  anno  1455, 
the  castles  of  Inverness  and  Urquharl,  and  the  Lordships  of  them,' 
the  water  mails  of  Inverness,  the  Lordship  of  Abemethie,  the  Baro- 
nies of  Urquhart,  Glenurchan,  Boneich,  Bonochar,  Pettie,  Brachlie 
and  Strathem,  with  the  pertinents,  were  annexed  to  the  Crown. 
Some  time  after  this,  the  Laird  of  Findlater  held  the  Barony  of  Pet- 
lie  of  the  Crown,  and  afterwards  of  the  Earl  of  Moray.     I  find'that 


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PART  il.  aEOGRAPHT  OF  MORAY.  17l 

Etizabetb,  daughter  of  Sir  James  Dunbar  of  dimnock,  who  died  in 
1505,  was  married  to  John  Og^lvie  of  Strath-Naim.  Og^lvie  resid- 
ed at.  HaU-faill,  in  Pettie.  Lachlan,  Laird  of  Macintosh,  being  mur- 
dered by  some  of  bis  clan,  in  153^  James;  Earl  of  Moray,  committed 
the  young  Lurd  of  Macintosh,  who  was  hia  nephew,  to  the  care  of 
die-  Lfurd  of  Strath- Nairn.  The  Macintoshes  resented  this  as  an  in- 
dignity, demolished  the  house  of  Hall-hill,  and  killed  twenty-four  of 
the  Ogilvies,  about  the  year  1531.  It  is  probable,  that  this  barbaroiAi 
treatment  induced  Findlater  to  dispone  bis  right  of  Strath-Nairn,  Pet- 
tie;  and  Borlum,  to  the  Earl  of  Moray. 

In  the  east  end  of  the  parish  is  Calder's  Brachlie,  a  skirt  of  the 
Thanedom  of  Calder.  Near  to  it  is  Easter  Brachlie,  pertuning  to 
Kilravock.  All  the  rest  of  the  parish  is  the  property  of  the  Earl  of 
Moray,  except  a  small  feu  in  the  west  end,  called  Alterlies,  which 
pertaineth  to  Forbes  of  Cnlloden.  Near  the  church  standeth  Castle- 
Slewart,  one  of  the  seats  of  the  Earl  of  Moray,  but  now  out  of  re- 
pair ;  and  near  thereto  is  a  Corn-mill  set  a-going  by  the  sea  water. 

Next  to  Pettie;  westward,  is  • 

THE  TOWN  AND  PARISH  OF  INVERNESS.* 

The  town  standeth  on  the  east  bank  of  the  river  Ness,  a  little  above 


*  iBTemen,  like  otber  of  onr  Scotch  towni,  awta  its  origSn,  at  a  very  early  date,  to  Its  conTCnient 
■ItnatioD  as  a  •en-port,  and  to  ila  rimr,  being  likewlK  admirably  litoated,  aa  the  centre  of  a  lar^  dlt- 
Irfet ;  and  opening  easily  to  both  the  Lowlaods  and  the  Mountafaons  circle  by  which  It  is  rairounded. 
lu  earUeal  charten  are  from  Darid,  William  the  Lion,  and  Alexander,  Id  the  latter,  the  King  orders 
the  town  to  be  nimHinded  by  a  ditch  and  good  paling,  (fosss  et  bona  palido)  ;  and,  by  die  prlfilqea 
which  are  granted  to  the  Morarlatu,  (Mora^lenseg  M^,  it  seems  erldent  that  the  Monarch  meant  to 
cid<mlieInTeniess  with  his  low  country  sulgerts,  probably  for  the  purpose  of  clTilliing  thebarl)arians<rf 
the  HlghlandB.  This  plan  has,  probably,  been  aided  by  the  establishment  of  religions  hcFOses  in  the 
town.  As  early  as  tbe  reign  of  Alexander  the  Second,  1215,  a  royal  grant  b  recorded  In  the  Cbartulary' 
of  Moray  to  that  Bishoprickof  the  Barony  of  Kinmyties,whicli  remained  with  it  till  1644,  when  Bishop' 
Patrick  Hepbarn'sold  it  to  Lord  Lorat.  In  the  same  reign  thn«  Is  an  entry  in  the  (Siarlnlary,  of  these 
wvids^—"  Thane  et  flrmarii  sujqNMiture  Kbimylies,"  which  Lord  Hales  quotes,  in  order  to  prove,  that, 
.  ■Bdently,  die  term  Hums  meant  not  always  Comes  or  Connt,  but  the  bead  IHrector  of  a  District  or' 
Barony.    About  1280^  the  Count  of  St  Pol,  bring  wrecked  in  tbe  Orkseyt,  paiKd  the  srintfo  In  iuver-' 


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1T2  OBOGRAPHT   OF    HOSAy.  PABT    II, 

:the  mouth  of  it     It  consisteth  a£  two  streets,  cuttii^  <Hie  miolheiii 


acat,  uid  built  a  Alp,  Im  luTeneai,  Id  wbkk  he  eebned  to  Biance  tba  (BeeMdiog  Munmer .  Lmg  1m- 
fom  thli  perwd,  tlM  Cutle  of  iDvemen  (prolMblj  titaaled  where  Ihe  fotindatioiu  <tf  tpUdii^;!  bkn  t^^ 
lately  dug  up,  upon  the  bill,  near  the  Mill-bam,  called  the  Auld  Cutle-hill),  wu  celebrated  m  the 
place  when,  aarljr  ht  the  elemth  centarf,  Macbeath  murdemd  King  Dflnean.  Id  tbeae  rulM  teveai 
Ancient  coins  wav  round,  and  a  leaden  Amoiet  perfbated  with  ft  leMher  csocd,  wUcb  U  bow  at  Hiiir- 
tcfwa  i  the  Amulet  bean  two  Keys  croaaed  Saltine  waya,  and  the  lettei'  1  between  the  handles  of  the 
Keys.  The  battle  of  Clachnahary  fought,  by  diS^rent  aceounb,  in  1341  and  1S78,  (Sbaw  makes  it  ia 
14M,  qnotiDg  the  IMacbtoah  and  Lorat  vuiuucrlpti),  m*  a  bhrady  woteat  between  the.CtaaCbtttu 
and  Mnnrocs,  about  a  mile  weil  of  Invenesh  Many  human  bones  have  been  fuund  among  the  nirki ; 
and  the  proprietor  of  Mairtown,  In  1832,  has  onianiented  the  spot,  by  erecting  a  handaome  monumeol 
In  memory  of  the  event  In  1411,  Donald  of  the  Islei  b«rnt  the  greatest  part  of  Invenuaa,  and  tba 
beautiful  Oak  Bridge,  in  hia  march  to  Harlow.  Jamea  the  First,  about  1440,  in  hia  progren,  risiled 
luremew,  and  had  m»y  deiperate  robbers  aeiied  and  executed.     Hisexcbunationupan  the  occasioD  ii 

Ad  turrisi  fortem  |  Traulatiox. 

Cante  duce  cohortem  By  a  cauliou*  leader,  a  stmig  band,  throogh  (he 

Christ!  per  Sortem  prandence  of  Christ,  brought  ^nielly  to  the  Tower, 

Quia  hi  merueue  mortem,  J   For  they  deaerred  death. 

Towanb  tha  «n4  of  the  AflMnth  eentwy,  the  town  wm  riaited  by  Jaawi  the  TUrd  dwing  hk 
troublea ;  and  he  ginnted  a  charter  to  the  community,  among  odier  graubt  renewfa^  that  of  the  land*  of 
Merkincb,  for  the  redendum  of  one  pound  of  pepper,  annually.  In  1556,  Mary  of  Gnise  risited  Inver- 
nesit  and,  ia  1S6S,  her  dau^Ucr,  Qiieea  Itfny,  paid  a  riaii^rfaMna  diortcantlnnance.  TheGorenar 
«f  the  Castle  mailing  some  dday  in  reoriring  the  Queen,  was  banged  npon  the  Brulgft,  whkh  ciicnoi- 
■tance  aeenu  to  tuTe  bad  little  efiert  upon  the  Queen'*  gaiety ;  for  Randolph  writes,  (bat  be  was  pre- 
•ent  when  the  guards  came  bto  town  with  Jack  and  Knqiaack ;  and  the  Queen  Iwing  informed  that 
th^  had  been  watching  all  night  In  the  field*,  she  aid,  merrily,  that  she  wUied  she  )umI  iicen  with 
them.  A  few  years  aAerttiLs,  the  Begent,  Moray,  came  to  Inverness;  and  the  chief  of  the  Clan,  Oonn, 
WM  banged  for  **  taking  the  Crown  of  the  causeway  from  the  Earl  of  Moray."  In  Ae year  tSSS,  the  town 
of  Inventeis  anAsnd  mndi  oppreasion  by  the  henry  flaei  leried  npon  many  of  the  Merchants  by  tba 
Eari  of  Moray,  acting  vaAo  a  ommlnlan  from  (he  King.  The  cause  was  tbeir  having  (hmidwd  some 
tmall  articiet,  such  as  salt  and  soap,  to  the  Clan  Chattan,  at  that  tine  in  eeketUoB.  Mr  Forbes  of  Cal- 
loden,  by  gi^g  to  Uindou,  got  the  tahabilnnts  aome  redress,  as  appenra  by  die  pnpen  publialMd  In  the 
CnUoden  CoUection.  The  Castie  of  Culkiden,  fang  the  diief  building  hi  the  parish,  was  founded  ahout 
1684, 1^  Macintodi,  who,  aboal  I68S,  sold  (be  estate  to  Mr  Forbes.  Early  In  the  tenateenth  oeatury, 
the  Earl  of  Hnntly,  Lord  Lont,  and  many  of  the  northern  Chieft,  residing  fa)  InTenwsa,  that  town  ba- 
came  die  eatre  of  much  conri*inIlty  and  ffuetj,  which  was  succeeded  by  a  long  perud  of  mililary' 
tronblea,  dnrii^  (Iw  ecmteata  between  the  Royal  and  Corenant  parlies,  in  tlie  nigo  of  Charles  the  First. 
Poring  the  eariy  part  of  Crmnwell's  goremnient^  the  person  whom  he  sent  to  surrey  thn 'sen-ports  of 
Scotland  (ISSl)  nprnts  Inreiuess  as  poxsesUng  but  little  ihlpping,  and  bnt  one  Merchant  of  any  conse- 
q,nence.  In  I6S9,CnimwelI  commenced  lheclladelofInTeme«s,and  it  was  llnished  in  Sveyears.  lliia 
ifmk  It  saM  to  have  cost  £80,000  Steriing.  The  Oak  came  from  England,— the  religkAia  homes  of  Kin- 
kaa  and  Invemesa  were  dib^daled  &w  the  mascn  work  ;  and  Stray  is  saU  to  have  reedv<ed  SOfiM 
merits  for  tile  Fir  Timber.  Upon  the  ramparts  the  standard  of  Cromwell  was  eiecfed,  luring  the  wuvd 
EUanu  in  latfttgold  letten.    Tbb  waik  wasasmallpenligoD,  with  eonnterscaip,  covered  waf  hi^ 


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VART   n.  GEOORAPHV   OF   HOB  AT.  173 

firom  sooth  to  north,  uad  from  east  to  west.  The  buildings  are  g^ood 
aodrcoBTenient,  and  all  of  stone.  In  one  <tf  the  aog-les,  at  the  inter- 
section of  the  streets,  standeth  the  Tolbooth  and  Court-house, 
adorned  with  a  lofty  steeple  and  a  clock ;  and,  in  an  opposite-an^le. 
is  the  Town-house,  a  larg«  building  of  modern  work.  The  church- 
es stand  on  the  river  bank,  at  the  north-end  of  the  town ;  and  near 
to  thera  is  Dunbar's  Hospital,  a  lar^e  house,  with  a  g;arden,  morti- 
fied by  Provost  Alexander  Dunbar.  Below  the  churches  Is  the  har- 
bour, whieh  receiveth  merchant  ships,  but  standeth  too  open  to  the 
strong*  west-wind ;  and  close  by  the  harbour  are  the  Testig;e9  of 
Cromwell's  Fort.  In  the  middle  of  the  town  is  the  Brid^^e,  of  seven 
arches,  and  beautiful  architecture,  with  a  prison  room  in  one  of  the 
pillars.  Formerly  there  stood  here  a  Bridge  of  wood,  supported  by 
|Hllars  of  oak,  some  of  which  are  yet  to  be  seen.  It  fell  on  the  38th 
Sept«nber,  1064,  and  thoug;h  more  than  a  hundred  persons,  who 
stood  on  it,  dropt  all  into  the  river,  no  life  was  lost.  The  present 
Bridge  was  finished  about  the  year  1686.  Several  gentlemen  con- 
tributed liberally  to  it ;  and,  by  an  act  of  Privy  Council,  there  was  a 
coUeeUon  for  it  through  the  Dioscese.  On  the  west  bank  of  the  ri- 
ver, there  is  a  large  suburbs  of  two  streets ;  and  a  little  above  the 
town,  th^e  is  a  pleasant  little  island,  in  the  river,  where  the  Magis- 


glub;  but,  upon  Ihe  Reslonitioa,  Charles  ihe  Second  itntifted  the  Highbuvd  Cliieh  hy  ba^ng  it  dU. 
mantled,  in  whicb  lUte  it  ilill  -ihon's  iu  oriKlnal  dimmawnt.  Id  1664,  the  Tlmbw  Bridfieof  loTenioM 
•nddenly  fell,  and  vn»,  in  (htee  jt»n  Iberesfier,  replaced  bj  the  preteDt  Stone  Bridge,  a  work,  certainlf, 
of  jpvat  magnificence  tor  that  poriod.  In  1665,  the  TownimeD  suffered  much  c^qiresaion  from  the  Mac- 
'  dcmalds,  which  wm  repeated  after  the  abdicatioDof  Jainet  the  Second,  in  ItSSS.  In  1690,  the  last  Wolf 
Inown  to  bare  been  aeen  at  large  in  this  kiogdoni,  was  killed,  above  the  house  of  Klnmylies,  about  a 
tnlle  and  a-half  frotn  InTemesa.  Captain  Frank,  one  of  Cromwell's  Officers,  probably  In  a  lurking  expn- 
dllhm,  after  the  RMtomtian,  came  tu  Inremeai ;  he  detcribes  the  citadel  as  a  very  snperb  work.  The 
wall*  which  furllfied  the  town,  he  says,  were  then  (umbllng  into  ruin;  and  the  soldiers  of  HeneralDatne 
bad,  during;  Cromvrell's  time,  drawn  llie  first  galley  from  the  river,  at  InremeM,  over  land  lo  the  end 
of  Loc^-Ness,  an  exertion  n-ortliy  of  the  energy  of  the  wildtert  of  Cromwdl.  From  this  period  Inrer- 
p£M  becanethe  r^ular  place  of  arms  of  the  North. 

At  the  oammencement  of  the  operations  for  the  Roya)  succession,  in  1715,  the  town  of  InTerveas  wa> 

3  X 


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174  OBOORAPHT  OF   MOHAT.  PkftT  ir^ 

trates  entertain  strangers  wiUi  salmon  killed  in' their  presence  vrith 
spears.  The  town  is  very  populous,  and  the  houses  htkng  too  much 
erowded.  and  the  streets  narrow,  under  the  Castle- hill  and  Bara-hiU, 
the  air  is  thick  and  moist. 

The  parish  lieth  on  both  sides  of  the  river.  On  the  west  side  it 
«xtendeth  eight  miles,  and  on  the  east  four  miles.  The  town  stand-  . 
«th  five  miles  south-west  A*om  Pettie,  five  miles,  almmt,  east  from 
Kirkhill,  five  miles  north  from  Durris,  and  four  miles  west-by-north 
from  Daviot.  The  town  lands  lie  adjacent  to  it ;  and  the  country 
parish  is  full  of  GJentlemens'  seats. 

On  the  east  side  of  the  river,  two  miles  north-east  of  the  town,  is 
CuUoden  ;  a  good  old  house,  gardens  well  laid  out,  with  much  plant- 
ing, which  make  it  an  agreeable  seat.  This  land  belonged  to  a  gen- 
tleman of  the  name  of  Strachan.  who  married  the  daughter  of  Hugh 
Rose  of  Kilravock,  who  died,  anno  1543.  Of  that  marriage  there  were 
-finly  two  daughters  portioners,  and  the  Laird  of  Macintosh  purchased 
from  them;  and  their  husbands,  the  rights  of  that  Barony.  Macintosh 
built  a  part  of  the  house  of  Culloden,  and  his  successor  sold  the  Ba- 
rony, about  the  year  1626,  to  (1)  Duncan  Forbes,  son  of  Tolqubon, 
4md  Provost  of  Inverness,  whose  son  (3)  John  of  Culloden,  purchase 
ed  Femtosh  and  Banchrive,  anno  1673.     His  son  ^)  Duncan,  was 


fini  seiied  fiir  the  Jacobite  Interest,  bjr  the  exertions  of  Alennder  Duff  of  Dnimiiiuir,  wbo  hitrodiiced 
bU  MD'iii'law,  (he  Laird  of  MKintosb,  into  the  tovn  at  tbe  head  of  his  clan ;  and  tbr  Magiatntet 
being  much  under  Dnimmulr^faifluence,  he  baring  been  Memberof  Parliament,  and  Provott  for  Inrer- 
ncM,  aeemed  strongly  on  the  aide  of  the  Stuul  dynasty.  Tlie  mertioiu  of  Culloden  and  Kilravock, 
■lUdedby  iMti  Loral,  bowerer,  were  effectual  EnrecoTcring  fliis  important  post  for  the  King  (Oeorgetbe 
Pint),  (hougb  not  without  wme  conteal  and  bloodshed.  The  Caille  ma,  ioon  aflerwards,  much  aug. 
mented  and  rep^dred ;  and  receired  the  name  of  Fort.George,  which  U  relained  till  blown  np  afler  the 
tettle  of  Culloden,~>i»n  after  wbich  erent  die  [«<e9ent  Fort  of  that  name  wai  erected  upon  (be  pnomon- 
(My  of  Ardersier.— the  Magistratea  having  refuwd  their  consent  to  the  erection  near  InTeniesi~«ii  act 
<«!  folly  which  indispntably  deprived  the  tovn  of  the  meani  of  beauty  and  ri<^es,  which  would  have  Ten- 
dered It  one  of  the  UKMt  elegant  and  imposing  capitals  in  tbe  kingdom.  Thus  i(s  two  ancient  CastlM 
«re  DO  more ;  and  its  citadel,  erected  by  Cromwell,  only  Ikintly  ihows  its  origuial  outlines — wfaile  (beir 
|>resent  succedaneum  is  too  br  removed  to  add  to  tbe  appearance  and  Importance  of  tnvnneas. 
Captem  Caiieton  deicribet  it  about  1690,  and  Captahi  Burt  about  1730.8.    Tbe  latter  >ta(M,  UutTat 


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PART   II.  GSOOBAPHT    OF    MORAY.  175 

folher  of  (4)  John,  who  had  no  issue,  and  of  Duncan,  Lord  President 
of  the  Session,  who  died,  lOtb  December,  1747.  His  son  (5)  John, 
has  left  (6)  Arthur,  now  of  Culloden.  Of  this  family  is  Forbes  of 
Ktnacrief. 

South-west  is  faster  Drakies,  the  property  of  Hugb  Falconer, 
Merchuit  in  Inverness;  and  Wester  Drakies,  pertaining;  to  the  estate 
which  be1ong;ed  to  Cathbert  of  Caatle-hill,  both  holding;  of  the  town 
«f  Inverness.  Next  is  the  Barony  of  Castle-hill.  In  the  reig;n  of 
David  II.,  Susanna  and  Adda  were  sisters  and  heiresses  of  Castle- 
hiU,  and  a  gentleman  of  the  name  of  Cuthbert,  marrying;  Susanna, 
became  thereby  Baron  of  Castle-hill.  From  that  time  the  Cnthberta 
have  been  in  possession  of  these  lands. 

Further  is  the  Barony  of  Inches,  the  6r8t  of  which  family  was  a 
son  of  Robertson  of  Strovvan,  who  married  the  widow  of  Cuthbert 
<rf  Castle-hill,  about;  1548;  and  his  son  .became  Laird  of  Inches, 
which  was  a  part  of  the  Barony  of  Castle-hill. — Arthur  Robertson 
of  Inches  now  representeth  the  family. 

The  lands  of  Essich  are  the  farthest  south,  and  are  a  part  of  Mac- 
intosh's estate.  Below  Essich,. towards  the  river,  are  Coulduthil, 
Knocknag;ial,  and  Torbreak,  all  Castle  lands.  Torbreak  vftis  the 
property  of  Captain  William  Baillie,  and,  by  a  judicial  sale,  in  1736, 


Ibe  ITdhd,  few  hoiiHi  in  the  town  woe  ikted.  The  CaiUe  wn  repaired  aitd  augmented — being  tlien, 
and  long  before  tbb  period,  titnated  upon  UieiRWll  hUlckMetothe  rirer;  and  altlioi:^  bi»  description 
AT  (be  natives  it  bp  no  menu  calcnlatod  to  pleaae  (he  pride  of  ttw  InremetiiaaB,  ttill  flie  evident  Intth 
of  hia  narrative  niuat  dlMim  ev<n  prt^^ee  of  Iti  anger. 

Daring  tlte  tebelllon,  in  174fi,  ifae  town  of  Inrenten  wu  (he  chief  scene  of  tbe  exertiooi  of  both 
parlio,  and  for  aome  lime  tiie  reaidenee  of  Prhiee  Charles,  and  tlie  Dolce  of  Citmberland,  who  lioth,  mc- 
eeolvely,  occniHed  the  same  bed  m  the  bonse  of  Catherine  Duff,  Lady  Dmoimuir,  in  (he  Church  Street, 
"niiioid  Lady  niet)  to  lay,  ''that  she  hid  lofted  tw>  Icings'  bairns,  but  never  vigh'd  to  lodge  any  more/' 
Tlte  excrtioDi  of  that  grrat  man  Preaident  Forbes,  and  Loid  Lovat,  were  long  the  tbemea  of  (be  nam- 
tives  of  the  penoDi  who  were  wilnesKs  of  the  ditferoit  actloDi  of  these  penon.i  at  InveraeM, 

Prom  the tJn ion,  (ill  many  yean  after  the  battle  of  Cittloden,  the  (own  was  evidently  in  a  state  Of  pro- 
greailre  decay ;  but,  for  the  last  40  or  50  yean,  a  new  stimnlus  bu  lieea  given, — the  paririi  and  town  ' 
have  started  lata  new  life,  and  display,  on  ev^  side,  tite  effects  of  wealth,  industry,  and  liberality  of 


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176  OBOORAPHT  OF   MORAY.  PART  It. 

Ixfcame  the  property  of  Dr  James  Fraser,  son  of  Phopacbie.  Aud 
«0  the  side  of  the  river  is  Holm,  which  is  the  Fief  of  Alexander 
Macintosh  of  Holm,  a  branch  of  the  family  of  Kylachie,  who  hare 
possessed  this  small  estate  ever  since  the  year  1614,  and  hold  it 
mainly  of  Campbell  of  Calder. 

I  now  pass  to  the  west  side  of  the  rirer  Ness.  At  the  moodi  of  it 
ds  Markinch.  This,  for  150  years,  was  the  property  of  Rose  of  West- 
«r  Drakies  and  his  descendants,  and  has  lately  been  purchased,  at  a 
judicial  sale,  by  James  Eraser  of  Phopacbie.  Nextjs  the  Barony 
of  Muirtown,  a  part  of  the  estate  of  Lovat,  sold  abont  the  year  1G30, 
to  Thomas  Skivez.  for  3000  meiks,  Scots.  His  descendants  lately 
sold  it  to  Sir  Ludovick  Grant  of  Grant,  who  disponed  it  to  William 
I>uff,  third  son  of  Alexander  Duff  of  Drummuir..  Farther  south  is 
Kylmiles,  a  part  of  the  Bishops'  lands  of  Orkney,  purchased  by 
Thomas,  Lord  Lovat,  from  Bishop  William  Tulloeh,  about  the  year 
1464.  It  was  afterwards  sold  to  Colonel  Hu^h  Fraser  of  Rinernes, 
who  disponed  it  to  Mr  David  Poison,  from  whom  it  was  purchased 
by  Alexander  Fraser  (son  of  David  Fraser,  Bailie  ai  Inverness)  of 
Fairfield,  who  lately  sold  it  to  George  Ross  of  Pitkerries.  Merchant 
in  London.  Next,  up  the  river,  is  the  Barony  of  Dnnain.  i%is 
family  has  enjoyed  this  Barony  about  300  years.  The  first  of  it  was 
a  son  of  Baillie  of  Hoprig;  and  Laming:ton,  who,  for  his  ht&ve  beha- 


eBterpriiC  Tb«  Journey  to'Ediaburgfa,  wfaidi  lued  (o  conMroe  a>week,  and,  tngturdagafaiat  theacci- 
denti  of  whlcb,  peopls  tan  made  their  irilU,  b  now  perlormed  in  a^day.  E\effaiit  tuebtteetnre  on  enef, 
aide  kddi  to  the  natiinl  beauties  of  the  situation  of  tlie  tooni ;  and  tiie  great  Canal  [mHnlws,  hf  Jobh^ 
tile  Eastern  awl  Weateni  Oceoni  at  InTerneu,  to  make  it,  Id  a  ibort  lime,  the  Queen  af  die  Norib,  and 
the  onporfaim  of  many  a  distant  afaore.  Of  autlqiiltiei,  the  ton  contains  bat  few  vonhy  of  mike,— • 
Ae  Qre;  Frian  bad  a  ilaled  house  there,  sold,  at  the  Refimnation,  to  IdcIw*  ;  one  pUlar  at  the  Orejr 
Frlan  Church  alone  remains.  About  the  ritrjfled  Fort  of  Craig  Phadrick  mudf  has  heea  wdltaa ;  It  is 
altuated  upim  the  estate  of  Muirtown,  abore  a-mile  weal  of  the  town,  and  liaa  gfUtaOyfmm  a  admf 
hold,  (contaming  an  aita  of  about  90  yards  by  40),  for  the  purpose  of  OMumnnicating  dgakls  bjr  mcau 
of  fim ;  it  1b  at  about  equal  distance  from  KnockGirrtl,  DuncTan,  and  Dungardel,  whldi  am  all  In  Tiew 
bom  the  top.  The  vitrided  masses  are  erldently  the  deposi.ts  of  the  trails  for  letainhig  the  bnrnlim 
wood ;  ft)f  as  no  vltriAed  massea  are  found  bi  siluatkms  where  such  means  of  oonstrucUog  walls  nil|^ 


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PART  H.  CIEOaBAPtIT   OF'  MORAY.  ITT 

TioDP,  89  a  Tolunleer,  in  the  battle  of  Brechin,  anna  14S3,  was  soon 
after  rewarded,  by  the  £arl  of  Himfly,  wi^  tht9  and  other  lands,  a  part 
ef  the  Castle  lands  of  Invemeas.     South  (A  Dnnun  is  Dochgaracb. 


fnnllwfa'{mterwiMkmba  noroMtanlly  expaeted,  HimotpnilMble  Ibat  Mcli  meuworBlMafth 

would  be  ccmtenpUted  for  (he  top*  of  hill*.  The  Ronunu  left  the  klogdom  vltbont  anna,  or  ennxr  • 
■BcUdnriog  A»Mi«iriBfat  of  eight  cBBtdriH  after  thrirretrent,  the  vdierable  native*  had  to.  Mifer  the 
iMiilaiililiiiiiliiif  (hii  Nertbera  tribee,  and  bad  their  mttetj  done  to  knk  to,  ftmn  hefa^  early  apprlKd 
•f  the  ^ipeanmce  of  their  Soela.  Msfly.booei  and  banit  unod  bftve  beet,  hj  Um  proprietor,  dug  np 
^Mm  CiB%  Fhadridt.  Caatle  Bfdnitan  itaniiD,>lt«atednpoiiB*iiu11]uw>ioiitorj,  aau'theeadorLiich- 
irtn.  Thte  OuUe  ba*  bem  mpiioaed  the  remabu  of  die  Roman  ttatloa,  Boaatiam,  which  the  naoae  of 
Bona  (111  preaeat  ^ipellatioo)  leemi  to  ooanleiHUicB,  M  well  aa  Aa  form  of  the  ditcha  and  agiter ;  It 
ha*,  bowe?er,  more  modemlf,  beea  ana  of  those  Fmtt  which  foraaeila  linaof-defeBoelinm  the  Bastem 
to  Om  WeftarBSpM;  and  with  ludUndorb  CMtle,  laratam*,  Cutle  Sptniho,  Castle  Urqohart,  and 
Inerloehy  CMtle,  the  canunnnicatlott  was  eaajr  and  ttraigbt.  The  Comminx,  and  the  Bngliili,  after 
tlw  hm^M  of  Edwaid  Aa  Ffaat,  oocnpied  the  sttung  hoMi.  Of  DraldicftI  Chvle*,  there  are  M««nl  In 
lAel^rUi;  ilb(MttwMitr;«araaf(a,adoabke-Ihiked  8il*w  Chain,  (eaeh  link  ai  thiolc  a*  a  man's  liftlo 
lagvr),  was  dug  vp  to  the  progress  of  nuking  the  Caledonian  Canal,  near  the  Bngbl ;  It  Mmtaised  abonl 
MdonUeUidtsi'^Ntdthlscuriosttf  has,  at  Int,  hem  decided  to  fbnu  part  of  a  dog  eon^e — eerfaUnly 
the piovvt;  of  aane personafe  Sofal, or  UUiebekm  the  nnkirf  Royalty.  A.Oold'TriIateml  Rod,  Itt 
tadMi  lam,  and  with  boolci  at  cmA  esd,  has  bees  bund,  Mety,  upon  the  lands  of  Leys,  hi  ptoMghing 
Mme  new  land*.  IliU  bas,prolMdity,  been  Ae  mnnsof  tnspendlaga  Lamp;  and,  if  the  nine  of  Oold 
awESilnr  b-oewddered  in  Ae  oMea  times,  these  tuictait.TeBafais  of  qtlendnor  nusi  attest  the  raak  ef 
the  persaw  reaiding  ia  InreiBeM.  Aba«tQireayearsi^o,severallni»dredsnr8ilTCrC(4ns  werefimnd, 
hi  a  Jar,  near  the  site  of  the  ancient  Gt«y  Fri»rt'-boiue,"-tbey  woe  of  (he  re^;ntof  Henry  (he  Third, 
Mwaiil  Ihs  Urst,  and  wm*  other  king*  newly  eonteeopenvy;  and  ha<ra,  ^vbahly,  Ders  coDcealedat 
Nue  peiiod  of  mddes  alam,  and,  dirongh  nmecatiialty,,lnrej)era  forgot.  A  Gold  G^  of  Edward 
the. Third  bm  bcca  fbund,  near  Dnnain,  and  Is  now  at  Malrtown.  The  ann*  of  France  and  England 
H«  qaartered  upon  one  lid*'— upon  die  olfaerb  a  Cms*,  with  Ibvrbeopard^  to  (be  aBg)e«.-.eXBlfatgIorln 
R«eem..  At  the  Bn^t  <I^UllTCan)  >i«ay  bom^  sfld  the  staae'ltcad'ora  ba(tle>axe^.wer0  dag  np  abant 
Iprty  years  sgo. 

Anboof^  Boethins  ipenktt  bIgMy  of  the  fhiitfnl  Mil,  and  wheat  ctopt,  near  lavaniess,  Mr  Burt  gives 
Ihp^maatndioidtlsvkrwof  ttte-stateofsgriHiIture  tohii'tlwet  and  i«)v,a  wheat  AM-woold  beatgteat 
a  rarity  in  the  North  •■  a  Cat^-Monatain  (or  Mountain  Cat)  In  Middlesex.  Al  present,  thrrraps  arr 
as  pktttiful,  and  the  seasons  at  early  In  Ihremesa  Parish,  aa  anywhere  North  of  Tweed,  and  as  much  so, 
^W  a.gi«at.pHl  of  Si^flaad,  Peaches,  Meetasiaes,  Apdcets,  aod  all  wnU^plaata,  ripen  ifttb^greatflBt- 
jarftctlon  ;•  »>  (hat  many  have  renarked  (hoae  frnHs,  as  rapetkr  to  nay  not  ripened  by  mMns  of  Het- 
honse*,  wfaidi  they  had  wen  in  more  Soatliem  climates,— a  bet,  probably,  owing  (o  the  great  length  of 
Aea(tkKor'the9un,diK4DgdteloBgdaysof  SuMmer,  in  tiioNorlfa.  TlM)OBrden*vf'C!aHoden,  Mttir- 
tBWB,  Dodilonra^Drakie*,  Hugh  t,  and  many  «(h«i,  are  renwVoble  for  fine  and  early  fnill  of  the  flnest 
kinds.  In  riwrt,  fnnn  the  great  liberslity  of  Ooremment,  and  from  theexpenditnreof  individnab,  this 
llerlbeni  Oapttal-ia  on  ttMereofemerglag,  with fteonaequence and  grandeur,  hitherto  beyDiidtlMraaeh' 
«f  &e  nwst  nBguine  h^^et. 

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178  GBOORAPHY   OF    HORAT.  PART   II. 

the  pri^rty,  for  some  generations,  of  m  brandi  of  the  Jkf^leana. 
Next  to  which  is  Dochfoure.  pertaining'  to  Baillie  of  'DocUiDOFe/a 
branch  of  the  family  of  Donain.  The  very  upper  eind  ofthe  pafirfi 
is  Aberiachan,  in  the  face  of  the  hill,  at  the  side  of  Loch-Ness.  This 
is  a  part  of  the  Barony  of  Urquhart,  pertfuning  to  Sir  James  Grant 
of  Grant,  of  whom  Ewan  Bullie,  son  of  Donchfoure,  holdeth  it  in 
mortgage. — Following  the  course  of  the  river.  I  now  come  to 

THE  PARISH  OF  DURRIS. 

The  parish  of  Darris,  from  Ikir,  i.  e.  Water,  because  the  parish 
lieth  on  the  side  of  the  river,  and  the  Loch  of  Ness. 

Before  I  proceed  farther,  I  shall  show  tfae  course  of  the  river 
Ness ;  and  if  we  trace  it  to  its  fountfun,  we  shidl  find  the  springs  of 
it  in  the  hills  of  Knoidart,  and  its  course  tfaos : — ^To  Loch  Queidi, 
four  miles ;  Loch  Queich,  seven  ;  to  Loch  Garie,  nine ;  Locb  Garie, 
five ;  and  to  Loch  Eoich,  two.  All  this  course  is  from  west  to  east, 
ithd  Ciarie  fcJIeth  into  the  middle  of  Loch  Eoich,  which,  is  fodr  miles 
long ;  so  to  the  end  of  Loch  Eoich,  two  miles ;  to  Loch-Ness,  four ; 
length  of  Loch-Ness,  twenty-two  miles;  to  Inverness,  five  niiles;  in 
all  si^y  n^es.  The  coarse  from  Loch  Eoieh  is  from  south-south- 
west to  north-north-east  From  the  Moray  fVith,  at  Inverness,  to 
Fort-WiUiam,  is  one  continned  valley  of  forty-eight  Scotch  miles, 
running  flrom  north-north-east  to  south-south-west,  withbat  any 
bending,  except  that  it  tumeth  one  point  towards^e  west  from'  Loch 
Locbie  to  Fart- William.  It  u  called  CH<ean-mor-na-halben,  i.  e.  the 
Great  Vattey  of  Scotluid.  Loch-Ness  lieth  in  this  valley,  and  is  in 
lengdi  about  twenty-three  English  miles.  At  the  north-end  it  is . 
three  miles  broad;  and  thence  gradually  tapereth,  so  that  at  the  south 
end  it  is  not  two  nnles  broad ;  it  has  no  bending,  no  bay,  except  a 
small  one  at  Urquhart.  The  high  hills,  on  both  sides,  are  so  varie- 
gated wiUi  hanging  rocks,  shady  gloves  of  wood,  murmuring  cas- 


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PABT'II.  QBOORAPHY  OF   filOSAT.  170 

cade§,  and  streams  of  wiAeT,  and  some  plots  of  com  land,  that,  to  one 
who  sails  the  ttocb  in'the  summer  season,  they  present  a  most 
charming  landscape. 

This  parish  extendeth  about  six  miles  from  north  to  south,  and  as 
much' from  east  to  west  The  church  standeth  at  the  north-east 
corner  of  the  Looh,  fire  piiles  sooth  of  Invemess,  seven  miles  north 
of  Boleakin,  and  six  miles  south-west  of  Daviot.  The  lower  and 
champaign  part  of  the  parish,  comprehendeth  the  Baronies  of  Bor- 
Imn  and  Durris.  AhoTe  Inverness,  three  miles  on  the  river,  is  Bor- 
kun.  This  was  a  part  of  the  estate  of  the  Earl  of  Moray ;  and  after 
the  forfeiture  of  Earl  Archibald  Douglas,  the  Laird  of  Findlater  ob- 
tained this  Barony,  and  held  it  of  the  Crown,  and  his  son  was  de- 
signed Og^lvie  of  Cardale.  Findlater  cokiveyed  his  right  to  Stuart, 
Earl  of  Moray,  and  Earl  James  disponed  "  Borlom  cum  Fortalico, 
with  the  fishing  on  the  river  Ness,  the  lands  of  Coulard  and  Kin- 
chyle,  the  Loch  of  Lochindorb,  the  houses  within  the  same,  cum  ad- 
jacentibus  shelingis,  to  Sir  John  Campbell  of  Calder,  3ist  October, 
1606.  Borlum  was  thereafter  gtven^  in  fen,  to  William  Macintosh 
of  Borlum.  Kinchyle,  lying  south  of  Borlum.  was,  in  1685.  feued 
to  William  Macbean,  whose  ancestors  had  the  Dachus  or  possession 
thereof  for  many  generations.  Tradition  beareth,  that  Bean-oior, 
son  of  Maolmnir  Macgilqnie,  of  the  ancient  clan  Chattan  came  to 
the  country,  with  Lady  Macintosh,  heiress  of  the  claA  CbaJttBo,  soon 
after  the  year  1201,  and  was  the  ancestor  and  Chief  of  the  Macbetins, 
DOW  represented  by  the  son  of  jGiiliose  Macbean,  wlio  was  killed  in 
the  battle  of  CuUoden,  anno  1740.  - 

Next  thereto,  and  cm  the  Loch,  Is  the  Q^rojiy  of  Durris.  Hits 
was  a  part  of  the  estate  of  Sir  Alexander  Dunbar  of  Westfield, 
"  who  disponed  Durris,  half  of  Holm,  Little  Bcllaeheranicfa,  Tirchi-' 
rochan,  and  Dalmigvie  in  Strathem,  in  favour  of  his  son,  David 
Dunbar,  27th  October,  1405 ;  and,  by  a  charier  under  the  great  seal. 
17th  December,  1569,  these  lands  were  erected  into  a  free  Barony, 


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of  which  liopan  (the  seat  of  the  fiwiHy)  n«9  the  prHHiipaA  mfms»g9^. 
Ukemse,  Alexander,  Earl  of  Paofennlitfte..  0old  the  Kirk-'lwd^  of 
Durris  (a  part  oS  the  lands  of  the  priory  of  Urqi^art)  W  Ufavk  Dun') 
^,  anno  150%  resenriag^  lh«  p^trosagt)  «[)dJrao4s;  Mtd  MUrk 
Dunbar  disponed  the  whole  Bwoqy  to  9ir  Jiohs  G^ng^ibelJi  ^  Cdkkffi 
4th  August,  160^  wb4^  in  1610,  parcha^ed  &om  Dwn&roitiae  ti)« 
^tronage-  of  Dalcross,  and  ttie  patrooage  and  tienjs  of  Dorris." 

Durris  and  Aldaurie  were  sold*  by  Cfdd«r>  in  feu,  toi  Mft^toibof 
Kylachie,  who  conveyed  his  right  to  Bailie  fejnn  Barbour  of  Inver- 
ness, whose  son  disponed  in  favowr  of  W^Uijua  Wrmv*  writer  in 
Edinburgh,  and  son  <^  Balnaine. 

South  of  the  Church  are  the.  laods  of  Drummiii*  poBPeaged  long 
by  the  Macbeans,  and  now  the  ^operty  of  Ajagus  Af  aeintoah,  Meri 
chant  in  Inverness,  and  grandson  to  Borlum. 

Next  thereto  is  Erchit,  the  property  of  the  said  Williua  E>«aer; 
writer  in  Edinburgh.  In  the  hilly  part  of  the  pari^  ve  the  hnda 
of  Bochrubin,  Dundelchag,  &c.,  pertiuning  t«  Slaeinto^  and.  otbw 
lauds,  a  part  of  tfie  estate  of  Lovat — which  leads  to 

THE  PARISH  OF  BOLESRIN. 

The  parisfaof  BcJeskin  and  Abertarf,  which  lieth  on  th^  east  side, 
and  the  south-end  of  the  I<och.  Boleskin  parish  (Sahtcian,  i.  e. 
Uie  town  over  the  Loch,  for  the  church  standeUi  on  the  bee  or  the 
bill,  over  the  Loch-Ness)  is  pn^rly  Stratherick,  or  Strail^hri- 
gack,  scattered  in  the  vallies  betwixt  Loch-Ness,  and  the  bills  to- 
wards Badetioch. 

oThe  church  standeth  near  the  Loch,  seven  miles  south  of  Durris, 
aikd  twelve  miles  north  of  Kithuimim.  Here  entering  the  country 
of  the  Erasers,  I  shall  speak  of 

THE  FAMILY  OF  LOVAT- 

I  shall  now  attempt  to  assi^  the  origin,  or  to  determine  the  anti- 


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PAET   II'  GEOGRAPHY.  OF   MORAY.  ISM 

qoity  of  the  name  of  FVaser.  Some  would  feteh  tbe  Frasers  from 
Eyie§elaDd,  and  it  favoore  this  conjecture,  that,  in  ancient  writings, 
dtey  are  called  Frisele,  in  Erse.  Friaelech,  and  not  Fraaer.  Otiieia 
b^ng  them  from  FVance,  as  early  as  the>  reign  of  Chailemaigne, 
and  derive  the  name  from  the  French,  Frasisr,  a  Strawberry  plant. 
But  pasaong  Uiese  conjectures,  I  may  say  with  Buchanan,  that,  in 
Scotland,  they  were  right  eig'ly,  "  Ciena  numerosnma,  et  de  re 
Scolica  bene  merita." 

The  late  Lord  Lovat  caused  publish  in  Nisbet's  ZTiera^dr^  Vol.  II., 
va  account  of  his  family,  "  disclaiming  his  ancestor's  marriage  with 
a  daughter  of  Bisset  of  Lovat,  tmd  afBrming  that. Sir  Simon  Fraser 
(who  was  executed,  in  London*  aAcr  the  battle  of  Methven,.anno. 
1307)  had  a  son,  Simon,  that  was  kilUd  at  Halidon-hill.  anno  1338. 
leaving  a  son,  Hugh,  who  got  the  Bftrony  of  Lovat  fi^m  King  David 
II.,  and  the  three  Crowns,  sm  Arms.  of.  Concession."^  Biit  this;, 
wholly  unvouched  account,  will  not  bear  a  trial.  It  is  uncertain  if 
the  Great  Sir  Simon  had-a  son  ;.aQd  if  he  had,  he  certainly  left  no 
issue;  forthe  families  of  Tweedale  and  Wigtown  qa^rt^  the  FVa^ers 
ArnM^  because  their  Ladies  (daughters  (^  Sir  Silaon)  were  co-h^-. 
ttpea,  which  they  could  not  b^  if  their  brother  had,  issne  and  sue*- 
ceauofi.  Besides,  it  caonot  be  iustrm^ted*  ^t  the  Bacoby  of^Lovat' 
was  in  the  King's  gift, — nay,  the  contrary  is  apparent  from  Char. 
Marao.  and  th^  MS.  Hist,  &fth$  Faw^i^of-'Kilravock,  Norwwe 
the  three  Crowns  .Arms  of  Concession ;  Lovat's  striking  them  ont^ 
diows  that  he  considered  them  > as  the  ^ Arms  of, Basset,*  with  wJhnbb 
he, disclaimed  a  connexion;  for  had  they,  been  a  royal  concessioB^ 
titey  ought  tp  possess  tbe  first  place  In  tbie  field,  aa  the  most  honow- 
aUe.  Lovat's  apparent  dengn  was,  to  establish  arightof  cbitftain'^- 
ry  in  his  fttmily,  which  no  histovyi  noE  genisalogyt  I  hue  seen,  mil! 
admit. 

IJncUoe  to  think,  that  fiKr  Samon  of  Tweedale.  or ,  Ottter^CasUe, 
called  Simon  Paler,  by  Rymer,  William.-  Btsbept  of  ;Sl  Andrews^ 

2  Z 


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182  oEoaRAPHY  or  hobav.  past  ii. 

and,  GUbert,  Sheriff  of  Traquiur,  (Reg.  Kelao)  were  brother^. 
Simon  Pater,  son  of  Bernard,  is  allowed  to  have  been  Chief  of  the 
name,  and  had  two  sons>  viz.  Sir  Simon  and  Sir  Alexander,  (Life 
of  King  Robert  Bnux.)  Sir  Simon  was  pnt  to  death,  and  bis 
daughters  were  married  as  above  mentioned.  Sir  Alexander  then 
became  Chief,  was  made  Lord  Chamberlain,  anno  1^25,  marrieS 
Mary  Brace,  sister  of  King  Robert,  and  widow  of  Sir  Neil  Camp- 
bell, and  that  King  gave  him  the  Thanedom  of  Cowie,  and  other 
lands.  Sir  Alexander's  sod  wIeis  Sir  William  of  Cowie  and  Dores ; 
whose  son,  Sir  Alexander,  married  Janet,  daughter  of  WUiam,  Earl 
of  Ross,  by  whom  he  got  the  lands,  and  took  the  title  of  Philorth,  in' 
Bnchan.  He  died,  about  141S,  leaving  two  sons.  Sir  William  and 
Alexander  of  Dores ;  Sir  William  of  Philorth  died,  anno  1441,— 
whose  son.  Sir  Alexander,  was,  14tii  April,  1461.  served  heir  to  Sir 
Alexander  of  Cowie,  the  Laird  of  Lovat  being  one  of  the  inquest. 
His  lineal  descendant,  Alexander  of  Philorth,  in  ld98,  married 
Margaret,  daoghter  of  Greorge  Lwd  Abemethie  of  Saltonn;  and 
their  grandson,  Alexander,  upon  the  death  of  Alexander,  Lord  Sal- 
toun,  in  1660,  without  issue,  served  heir  to  Lord  George,  and,  m 
parliament,  1670,  had  the  honour  and  rank  of  Saltoun  confirmed  to 
bim ;  and,  in  my  opinion.  Lord  Saltoun  is  undoubted  Chief  of  the 
Clan. 

Gilbert,  ^eriff  of  Traqnair,  probably  was  ancestor  of  the  -ihmily 
c|  Lovat.  His  SOD,  Sir  Andrew,  was  &tber  of  Simon  Fraser,  who 
married  the  daughter,  or  grand-daughter,  of  Sir  John  Bisset  of 
Lovat  The  three  daughters,  co-heiresses  of  this  gentleman,  were, 
according  to  their  birth,  Mary  Lady  Lovat,  Cecilia  Lady  Beaufort.' 
and  Elizabeth  Lady  Kilravock.  Mary,  the  eldest,  was  married  to' 
Sir  David  Graham,  second  son  of  Sir  David  of  Kincardine ;  and  Sur 
Darid  Graham  was  alive,  anno  1394,  and  had  a  son,  Patrick;  If, 
therefore,  Mwry  Bisset  was  married  to  Simon  Fraser,  it  must  have 
been  some  time  after  the  year  1394,  and  she  must  have  been  of  ao 


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PART   II.  OBOGBAPHV   OF    MORAY.  183 

advanced  age ;  for  Mary  Wood,  daughter  of  the  youngest  sister,  Eli- 
zabeth, was  married  to  Hugh  Rose  of  Geddes,  before  the  year  1204. 
Either  then,  Simon's  wife  was  Mary  Bisset,  widow  of  Sir  David 
Graham,  and  well  stricken  in  years ;  or  the  daughter  of  Sir  David 
became  heiress  of  Lovat,  upon  the  death  of  her  brother,  Patrick, 
without  issue, — ^leaving  this  uncertain.  The  first  of  this  name  I 
find  designed  '  Of  Lovat*,  is  Hugh  Frisele,  who  does  homage  to  the 
Bishop  of  Moray,  anno  1367,  for  some  lands  in  the  Aird,  (App.  No. 
XX.}  I  shall  now  deduce  the  succession,  according  to  the  ^jS'. 
account  of  the  family. 

In  the  law-suit,  in  1730,  by  the  late  Lovat,  for  obtaining  the  Peer- 
age, it  was  acknowledged,  that  it  certainly  does  not  appear,  by  any 
writing  or  record,  in  what  year  the  dignity  of  a  Lord  was  conferred 
on  that  iamily ;  and  that  Lord  Lovat  is  marked  in  the  Rolls  of  Par- 
liament, in  1540,  and  not  at  an  earlier  period.  But,  in  the  addition- 
al case  of  Elizabeth,  Countess  of  Sutherland,  in  1771,  I  find  that 
the  Retour,  1430,  calls  him  Hugh  Eraser  de  Lovat ;  and  in  a  Royal 
charter,  in  1480,  he  is  designed,  *  Hugo  Eraser  Dominus  de  Lovat,' 
and  thus  the  family  was  ennobled,  betwixt  the  years  1430  and  1480, 
and  the  third  or  fourth  descent  seems  to  have  been  the  first  Lord. 

(1)  Simon  Frisele,  was  father  of  ^}  Hugh,  who  married  Marga- 
ret, daughter  and  heiress  of  William  Fenton  of  Beaufort,  son  of 
Thomas  of  Dovniie,  and  by  her  got  the  lands.  He  died,  about  1420, 
leaying  three  sons, — viz.  Hugh ;  Alexander,  of  whom  is  Feralin ; 
and,  James,  ancestor  of  Craigray  and  Glenemie.  (3)  Hugh,  second, 
mlurried  Janet,  daughter  of  Thomas  Dunbar.  Earl  of  Moray,  and 
with  her  got  the  lands  of  Abertarf.  His  son  (4)  Hugh,  third,  mar- 
ried a  daughter  of  Lord  Glammis,  and  was  killed,  at  Flouden,  anno 
1513,  leaving  a  son,  Thomas,  and  a  bastard  son  ;  who,  having  been 
some  time  in  France,  was  called  Hotcheon  Franchocfa,  of  whom  is 
fVaser  of  -Fohir.  (5)  Thomas  seems  to  have  been  the  second  who 
was  advanced  to  the  Peerage ;  he  married  Janet  Gordon,  daughter 


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184  GEOGRAPHY  OF    HORAT.  '        PART   II. 

of  Sir  Alexander  of  Midmsr,  broUier  to  HonUy,  and,  in  ^is  &towx 
Hantly  renounced  all  rig^ht  he  bad  to  Strathenck ;  be  died,  oiuh*- 
1536,  leaving'  a  boh,  Hug'h,  and  a  bast^  son,  HutcheoQ  Bone,  an-; 
cestor  to  Relick.  (6)  Hug-b>  fourth,  married  a  daughter  of  J(^a 
Grant  of  Freuchie,  and  by  her  had  Hugh ;  and  by  his  aecond  Lady^ 
a  daughter  of  Belnagawn,  he  had  Alexander  and  William  of  Strowie. 
Lord  Hugh  and  his  eldest  aoa  were  killed  in  the  battle  of  Ceaa- 
Lochlochie,  anno  1544.  (7)  Alexander  married  Jean>  daogfater  (^ 
ISr  John  Campbell  of  Calder,  and  had  Hugh,  Thmnas  oi  Strichei),, 
and  James  of  Ardacbie.  Lord  Alexander  purchased  Strowie,  Cpul- 
garan,  Kilwadie,  Crocbills,  and  Comer,  from  Williaqi  Forbes. <rf 
Kiualdie;  and  his  son,  Thomas,  married  Isabel  Forbes,  widow  of 
Chalmers  of  Strichen,  and  purchased  the  luids  of  Strichen,  in 
Buchan,  about  1580.  Lord  Alexander  died  1588.  (8)  Hugh,  fiftb*. 
married  Elizabeth  Stewart,  daughter  of  John,  Earl  <tf  Athole,  and! 
purchased  from  Sir  Walter  Reid,  Prior  of  Beaulie,  the  lands  an4: 
tithes  thereof,  about  1569,  and  died  1576.  His  son  (9)  ^moq,  se-j 
cond,  by  his  first  wife,  daughter  ofKJatail,  had  Hugfaj  apd  by  bis 
second  wife,  daughter  of  the  Earl  of  Moray,  had  Simon  of  Invendat: 
chie,  and  Sir  James  of  Brae.  He  sold  Glenelg  to  Mad^od,  and 
mortgaged  Kilmylies,  Fanellan.  and  Kingylie,  to  Strichen,  and 
Phopachie  to  Coolbokie.  In  1617,  be  purchased  FemttMh  ajod  In* 
yeralachie,  and  disponed  these  and  Bqnchrieve  to  his  second  8on.r~ 
He  died  1633.  (10)  Hugh,  sixth,  by  his  Lady,  a  daughter  of  Wemy«i» 
had  Hugh;  and  Thomas  of  Beaufort.  He  sold  Abertarf  to  Glengary. 
for  5,000  merks,  and  Muirtewn  to  Thomas  Shevez  for  2,000  merk#;- 
he  died  in  1646.  (11)  Hugh,  seventh,  by  a  daughter  of  the  Ear)  of 
Leven,  had  (12)  Hugh,  eighth,  who  sold  Klmylies  to  f>aser  <^, 
Kinaries,  Kingyle  to  Conlbokie,  Belladrnm  to  Hi^  Fraser,  and 
Bnntaite  to  Cbisholm  of  Comer;  and  Sir  James  of  Brae  gave  Dal-i. 
c^oss,  as  a  portion  with  his  daughter  to  Major  Bateman.  XmA  Hi^^ 
died  about  1673,  leaving,  by  the  daughter  of  Mackenzie  of  Tarbei* 


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PART   U.  GEOGRAPHY   OF-  MORAY.  Ifitj} 

^  a0o.(A3)>Hiig^,  eleventh.  ^Hw  married  Emiru,  daughter  (rf  Johi^. 
Manjuis  of  Athole,  who  broo^t  him  diree  daughters, — viz.  Emilia, 
laarried  to  MackeDzie  of  IVeatonfaal] ;  Aone,  to  the  Laird  of  Mac- 
kod,  and,  afterwards,  to  Pourie ;  aod,  Catherine,  to  William  Moray, 
aui  of  Aohtertyre.  By  his  marriage  articlefi,  this  Lord  provided  his 
estate  to  heirs  whatsoever.  He  died  in  1696.  (14)  Simon,  third, 
son  of  Thomas  of  Beaufort,  by  Sybilla,  daughter  of  Macleod,  being 
oat-lawed,  lived,  in  exile,  till  the  year  1714.  He,  then,  obtained  a 
remission,  next  year  got  the  life-rent,  Escheat,  of  Frestonhall,  and 
an  annual  pension. of  £300.  In  1730,  the  honoura  were  adjudged 
to  him  by  the  Court  of  Session ;  he  was  made  Capt^n  of  an  inde- 
pendent Highland  regiment ;  paid  a  sum  of  money  to  Prestontunira 
atm,  for  his  right  to,  the  esUite ;  but  his  behaviour,  in  1745  and  1746, 
brought  him  to  the  block,  0th  April,  1 747 ;  and  his  estate  was  for- 
feited, and  honours  extinguished.  By  his  first  wife,  daughter  of 
liqdovick  Grant  of  Grant,  he  left  issue,  %mon,  now  a  Colonel ; 
Al«X4nd^r;  Juiet,  married  to  Macpherson  of  Clunie.  and  Sybilla. 
fty  his  second  ivife,  daughter  of  Campbell  of  Mamore,  he  left  a  aoa, 
Arelubal#.  Siqoon,  the  ^dest  son,  having  been,  against  his  inclina- 
tioiv  driven  by  his  &ther  into  the  late  rebellion,  soon  obtained  a  re- 
mianon;  and  leaving  served  in  the  military,  in  America  and  Portu- 
^A»  he  was  advanced  to  the  degree  of  a  Major-General ;  and,  by  an 
fCt  of  PuUamepk  in  1774,  the  King  granted  to  him  the  lands  and 
^^tate  9f  his  .fother,  upon  certain  terms  and  conditions,  and  which 
are  now  in  the  possession  of  his  nephew,  the  son  of  his  late  youngev 
t^xttber,  wbq,  having  survived  (he  General,  enJQyed  the  pastoral  in- 
heritance, wUb  ipuch  conuderation,  for  many  years. 

llie.  above  mentioned  MS.  gives  an  account  of  a  branch,  of  the 
fVasers,  called  the  family  of  Fraid  in  Tweedale, — of  which,  Joho 
^aser.  Bishop  of  Boss,  in  1485,  was  a  son.  In  1492.  Ann  SVallace, 
widow  of  Fruid,  with  her  seven  sons,  came  into  the  North.  Paul 
and  Almond,  the  two  eldest,  were  Clergymen,— of  John,  the  third 

3  A 


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186  OBOORAPHY  OP  MOBAT.  PART  fl. 

Bon,  is  descended  Fraser  of  Dunbalach;  Alexander,  the  fonrdi'soo, 
wan  ancestor  of  Phopachie ;  James,  the  fifth  son,  waa  ancestor  of  Mr 
JElobert  Fraser,  Advocate,  and  Mr  Michael  Eraser,  Minister  of  Daviet, 
— of  Duncan,  the  sixth  8<m,  is  descended  IVaser  of  Daltulich,  in  the 
parish  of  Croy ;  and  of  Robert,  the  seventh  son,  came  the  Fnuero 
called  Macrobie  Friselich. 

The  proper  arms  of  Fraser  are — Az.  three  Fraises,  Arg^.  Motto, 
JE  SUIS  PREST.*  The  family  quartered  the  Bissets'  arms,— viz. 
Gul.  three  antique  Crowns,  Or ;  but  the  late  Lovat  struck  out  these, 
and  havings  come  peaceably  to  the  possession  of  the  estate,  added 
another  Motto,  viz.  SINE  SANGUINE  VICTORf 

1  now  return. to  the  parish  of  Bole^kin.  Stratherick  was  the 
ancient  seat  of  the  Grants  before  they  came  into  Strathspey,' — ^they 
left  some  vestiges  behind  them  to  confirm  this ;  for  we  find  the  same 
names  of  country  seats  in  Stratherick, — as  Gartmore,  Gartbeg-,  Del- 
lacbapel,  .&c.,  which  tbey  g;aTe  to  the  places  where  they  settled  in 
Strathspey.  The  above  mentioned  MS.  of  the  fiimily  of  Lovat 
affirms,  that,  in  the  fifteenth  centnry,  there  were  many  Grants  an<t 
Kerans,  or  Clanckiara,  living^  in  Stratherick;  and  that  Tfaomae^ 
liord  Lovat,  having  mforied  the  daughter  of  Alexander  Gordon  of 
Midmar,  brother  to  the  Earl  of  Hnntly,  that  Eaii,  in  1493,  renomiced 
in  Lovat's  fovour,  all  his  right  to  the  lands  of  Stratberick.  What 
right  Hnntly  had,  or  claimed,  I  know  not ;  but  it  is  certain,  that  the 
EVasers  have  possessed  that  coontry  for  many  generaHons. 

The  water  of  Faragacfc,  which  g^eth  name  to  the  conntry,  mn> 
neth  through  the  north  of  the  parish,  from  east  to  west,  and  fdletlf 
into  the  Loch  two  miles  north  of  the  chnrch ;  and  the  water  of 
Feachlin  mnneth  through  the  middle  of  the  parish,  emptying  into 


\  A  UoodlM  A:ter. 


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PJLBT   II.  aSOGBAPHT  Or  HOKAT.  187 

the  Loch  at  .Fohir,  a  little,  south  of  the  church.  Upon  these  waters^ 
and  the  braDches  of  them,  stand  the  seats  of  many  gentlemen  of  the 
name  of  Fraser, — such  as  Fohir,  Gortuleg;,  and  Baln^ne,  feuers ; 
Taralin^  Gartmore,  Gartbeg;^  Drumyample,  Kinbrylie,  Kitchoinlim, 
Drtunmin,  <&c. 

Arbertarf  came  to  the  family  of  Lovat  by  marriag;e,  and  was  sold  to 
Macdonald  of  Glengary,  as  above  related.  A  small  glen  or  valley, 
called  Glendoe,  runneth  up  into  the  bills,  near  the  south  end  of  the 
Loch ;  and  upon  the  banks  of  the  water.  Doe,  are  Molagan,  Glendoe, 
&c. ;  but  the  main  part  of  this  parish  lieth  on  the  rivers  of  Tarf  and 
£oich.  Tarf,  a  rapid  stream,  riseth  in  the  hill  of  Corryarack,  near 
Gamrvaore,  in  Badenoch,  and  running  north-west,  &Ileth  into  the 
south  end  of  Loch-Ness.  On  the  banks  of  it,  in  the  face  of  the  hill, 
are  some  com  lands,  and  at  the  mouth  of  it  is  Kilhaiman,  Borlum, 
&c.  The  river  Eoich  is  the  great  source  of  the  Ness,  rising'  out  of 
Lotch  £oich,  and  running  four  miles  north-east,  falleth,  with  a  deep 
atreun,  into  Loch-Ness.  In  the  point  between  Eoich  and  Tarf  stand- 
eth  Fort- Augustas.  On  the  west  side,  at  the  raouth  of  the  Eoich, 
is  Inshnakirdicb,  the  seat'  of  Eraser  of  Coulduthill ;  and  south  from 
it  are  the  lands  of  Pitmean.     I  now  go  on  to 

THE  PARISH  OF  KILMANIVACK. 

A  small  part  only  of  this  puish  lieth  within  the  Province  of  Mo- 
ray, viz.  Glengary  and  Achadrom.  From  Ixich-Ness  to  Loch  Eoich, 
is  four  miles,  a  part  of  Abertatf.  Loch  Eoich  is  four  miles  long 
from  north  to  south,  and  one  mile  broad.  IVom  the  south,  end  of 
Loch  £(Hch  to  the  north  end  of  Loch  Lochie — ^e  utmost  boundary 
of  Moray — is  one  mile,  called  Achadrom, — a  fertile  little  valley,  not 
above  a-half-mile  broad,  betwixt  chains  of  high  bills.  Here  are  La^ 
gan-Achadrom,  Dunain,  Kyleross,  &c.  The  country  of  Glengary 
lieth  on  the  west  bank  of  Loch  Eoich,  and  stretcheth  into  the  hills 


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i^  a«6aRAPHV  OP  HORAVl  PKBT  K> 

west<wiird>  oh  bbth  sides  of  Loch  Gftrie,  aeven  nrilefi.  It  is:a  roiigtti 
Utieqaal  valley,  foil  of  Birch  wood,  but  warm  and  fertile ; :  axiA  at  tfaet 
mouth  of  the  river  Garie,  where  it  falleth  into  Loch  Eoich,  islnrer'' 
gary,  the  seat  of  Alexander  Macdonald  of  Gleag^ary.  And  in  this 
Glen  are  the  seats  ot  several  gentlemen,  such  as  Lie,  Lundie,  Ard- 
rtabee,  &e.  The  inhabitants  of  Achnadrom  are  Kennedies,  called 
Clan  Ulric,  from  one  Ulrick  Kennedy,  of  whom  they  are'  said  to  be 
descended. 

Glengary  is  planted  by  Macdonalds,  a  branch,  it^  is  said,  of  the 
Clan  Ronald,  or  Macdonalds  of  Moidart.  Lord  Macdonald  of  Aros, 
(descended  of  Macdonald,  Earl  of  Ross),  having  died  in  16S0,  with- 
out issue,  the  honours  became  extinct,  and  his  estate,  by  a  rauriagia' 
connection,  came  to  Glengary,  by  which  means  the  fortune  of  hia^ 
family  lies  in  Glengary,  Abertarf,  and  Knoidart,  and  is  veiy  eoori^ 
derable. 

MACDONALD  OF  GLENGARY. 

The  Macdonalds  derive  themselves  from  Colla  Uax9,  King  of  Ire- 
land, in  the  fourUi  century,  and  are  said  to  have  come  to  Scotland 
in  the  reign  uf  Malcolm  Canmore.  They  have  spread  into' many 
branches,  of  whi<^  the  family  of  Glei^^ary,  descended  of  the  Clan 
Ronalds  of  Moidart,  are  as  follows  : — 

John,  Lord  of  the  Isles,  had  a  son,  Ronald,  who,  by  a  daugiiter  of 
Macdougal  o€  Lorn,  had  two  sons, — ^viz.  Allan  of  Moidaii,  and  Do- 
nald, of  Glengary.  (1)  Donald  was  fother  of  (2)  Alexander,  father  fH 
(8)  Alexander,  who  married  Margaret,  heiress  of  Macdonald  of  Locb- 
^sh,  and  had  Alexander  and  Angus,  ancestor  of  Lord  Macdonald  of 
Aros,  and  died  about  the  year  151d,  (4)  Alexander  married  a  daughter 
of  Afackenzie  of  Kintail,  and,  dying,  anno  1530,  was  succeeded  by  bia 
ton  (5)  Alexander,  who  married  a  daughter  of  Lachlan  More  (^Mac- 
intosh, and,  dying,  anno  1604,  his  son  (6)  .tineas,  married  a  daugfa- 


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ViBT  111  0£<»O«APBr  Of  M^HAV.  189 

ter  of  Maciatodi,  «nd  had  Alexander  md  Angus  of  Scothoose ;  and 
having^  been  killed  by  the  Mackenziee,  before  his  father's  death,  (7) 
Alexander  sacceeded  his  grandfather,  and,  by  a  daughter  of  Lord 
Lovat,  bad  Donald  Gorm,  and  Alexander ;  fuad  npon  the  demise  of 
of  Lord  Macdonald,  anno  1680,  without  issue,  Alexander  obtained 
his  estate,  and  died  about  1685.  (8)  Donald  Gorm,  was  killed  at 
Killicrankie,  1689,  unmarried.  His  brother  ^)  Alexander,  married 
a  daoghter  of  SeaforUi,  by  whom  he  had  John,  Ranald,  and  Donald. 
His  loyalty  led  him  into  the  battles  of  Killicrankie,  1689,  Cromdale. 
1600,  and  Sheriifmuir,  1715 ;  and  he  died  in  1734.  (10)  John,  by 
Mackenzie,  had  Alexander,  and  Angus  of  Tyiu- 
drish ;  and,  by  a  daughter  of  Olenbnckit,  had  James  and  Charles ; 
and  dying,  1754,  (11)  Alexander,  being  prisoner  in  London,  in  1745, 
his  brotiier,  Angus,  led  the  Glengary  men  to  that  rebellion,  and  was 
himself  killed  at  Falkirk,  in  January,  1746,  by  an  accidental  shot. 
Alexander  returned  home,  and  died,  unmarried,  anno  1761,  and  was 
iMicceeded  by  the  son  of  Angus,  by  a  niece  of  Stmui,  viz.  (12)  Dan- 
can,  now  of  Glengary,  who  married  Marjory,  daughter  of  Sir  Lewis 
Grant  of  Dalvey,  and  has  issue,  Colonel  Alexander  Macdonald.  the 
proprietor  of  the  passing  time,  and  who  also  has  issue.* 

From  the  frequency  of  the  name,  Alexander,  the  Chief  of  this 
family  is  called  Mac-Mhtc-Alieter. 

I  now  return  by  the  west  side  of  Loch-Ness  to 


-*  The  Coknti  mftinUlned  a  dlapute  In  ttw  Nemp»pen,  of  late,  widt  Clan  RonaM,  abont  tbeir  pre- 
ferable title  ai  CbleftalD,  which  they  cannot  make  hteresUng  now,  when  the  nriety  of  nwans  ot  acquir- 
ing wealth,  wfaldi,  "  the  people  of  no  birth,"  as  celebrated  by  the  Spgcra-roK,  In  the  mign  of  Anue, 
ei^oy,  uid  tboreby  niperlndvce  an  equality  in  rank  impnctlcaUe  and  unknown  in  the  nncgmtoercial 
lime*  of  tiie  feudal  syatem.-- rerifying  the  reflection  of  Kaso  in  (be  Augmtan  age,  • 

"  Et  genus,  et  jtnmTOS,  et  qnte  non  fecimuK  Ipil, 
Vix  W  noatn  roco ; 
pntportiag  that  oar  linei^e,  and  our  ancestry,  and  the  respectftbility  which  we  hare  not  for  ourselves 
acquired,  it  is  silly  to  call  oun."    for,  now,  it  i«  of  no  manner  of  significance  idiidt  of  the  Proprieton 
i>f  liw  Boogb  Oleo,  or  of  the  High  Plain,  be  th«  ottpring  of  the  first  or  senmd  bom  of  the  imagbwr 

Coi,L4  UaIS. 

3  B 


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>90  OEOGBAPHT  OF   MORAT-  1>AR-T   If. 

THB  PARISH  OF  URQCHART. 

The  parish  of  Urquhart  and  Glenmoristown,  which  lies  on  the 
fvest  side  of  the  Loch,  over  against  Stratherick.  Urquhart  stretch- 
6tb  up  the  hills,  westward,  towards  the  Aird,  about  fire  miles,  and  is 
a  warm  and  fertile  valley.  The  church  standeUi  near  a  mile  west 
ftom  the  Loch,  and  twelve  miles  south-west  from  Inverness.  The 
Castle  or  Fort  stood  on  the  edge  of  the  Loch.  In  Uie  valley  is  Co- 
rimonie,  a  feu-holding,  pertaining  to  a  branch  of  the  Grants ;  apd 
Shoglie.  a  mortgage  of  a  Cadet  of  Corimonie ;  and  Achmonie.  the 
heritage  of  a  genUeman  of  the  n^ime  of  Mackay,  or  rather  Macdo- 
nald.  All  the  rest  of  the  parish  is  the  property  of  Sir  James  Grant 
of  Grant.  Urquhart  was,  probably,  a  part  of  the  estate  of  Cummine 
Lord  Badenoch,  upon  whose  forfeiture  it  was  granted  to  Randolph, 
Earl  of  Moray.  The  MS.  history  of  Uie  family  of  Sutherland  bears, 
that,  in  1539,  King  David  II.  gave  the  Barony  and  Castle  of  Urqu- 
hart to  William,  Earl  of  Sutherland,  and  his  heirs.  If  so,  the  grant 
was  afterwards  revoked.  It  ia  true,  Urquhart  was  excepted  out  of 
the  grant  to  John  Dunbar,  Earl  of  Moray,  anno  1372 ;  and  upon 
the  forfeiture  of  Earl  Archibald  Douglas,  anno  1455,  Urquhart  was 
annexed  to  the  Crown.  In  a  decreet  arbitral  betwixt  Duncan  Mac- 
intosh, Captain  of  Clan  Chattan,  and  Hutcheon  Rose  of  Rilravock, 
anno  1479,  the  possession  and  Duchus  of  Urquhart  is  adjudged  to 
Kilravock;  and,  in  1482,  the  Earl  of  Huntly  gave  Kilravock  a  dis- 
charge of  the  rents  of  Urquhart  and  Glenmoristown.  What  right 
Huntly  had  to  these  lands,  I  know  not,  if  it  was  not  as  Factor  for 
the  Crown.  I  incline  to  tiiink,  that,  after  the  death  of  Earl  John 
Randolph,  in  1346,  the  Barony  of  Urquhart  was  the  salary  of  the  Go- 
vernor of  that  Fort,  until  it  was  no  longer  garrisoned.  Be  this  as  it 
will,  the  Laird  of  Grant  purchased  Urquhart  and  Glenmoristown,  in 
the  reign  of  James  VI. 

Glenmoristown  is  distant  from  Urquhart,  southward,  eight  miles  of 


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PART   II.  OEOOBAPHV    OF    MORAY.  101 

hills.  The  river  Moristowu  riseth  id  Uie  bills  of  Glenshiel,  near 
bntail,  passetb  throug'h  Loch  Clunie,  watereth  GlenmoristowD,  and, 
after  a  course  of  abore  thirty  miles,  emptieth  into  Loch-Ness,  four 
miles  below  Fort-Augustus.  The  inhabited  Glen  extends  eight 
miles,  in  Ieng;th,  from  the  mouth  of  thie  river,  but  the  breadth  is  in- 
considerable. The  whole  valley  is  warm,  fertile,  and  well  inhabit-* 
^d.  It  is  a  part  of  the  Barony  of  Urquhart,  and  has  been  the  heri- 
tage of  Grant  of  Glenmoristown,  for  above  200  years.  That  &mily 
has  a  good  house  at  Invermoristown,  on  the  bank  of  Loch-Ness. 
Urquhart  and  Glenmoristown,  are  separated  from  Kirkhill  and  Kil< 
tarlatie,  by  a  ridge  of  hills.  I  now  return  to  the  Moray  Frith,  near 
Inverness,  to  take  a  view  of 

THE  PARISH  OF  KIRKHILL. 

The  parish  of  Kirkhill,  formerly  called  Wardlam,  because  the 
Garrison  of  Lovat  kept  Ward  or  Watch  on  this  Law  or  Hill,  In 
Erse  it  is  called  Knock-Mhuire^  i.  e.  Mary's-hill,  dedicated  to  the 
-Virgin.  This  parish  stretcheth  about  three  miles  and  a-half  on  the 
'side  of  die  Frith,  to  the  head  of  it  at  Beaulie ;  and  from  the  head  of 
the  Frith  about  one  mile  and  a-half,  up  the  east  side  of  Beaulie 
river ;  and  a  ridge  of  hills  to  the  east,  separates  it  from  the  parish  of 
Inverness.  The  church  standetb  an  half-mile  from  the  sea,  and  as 
much  from  the  river, — near  five  miles  west  from  Inverness,  and  near 
three  miles  north-east  from  Kiltarlatie.  In  the  east  end  of  the  parish, 
on  the  Frith,  is  Bunchrive,  sold  by  Inveralaehie  to  Forbes  of  CuUo- 
den,  (as  also  sold  to  him  Femtosh).  anno  1673.  Next,  westward,  on 
the  IVith  is  Phopachie, — a  branch  of  the  Frasers  had  this  land  in 
mortgage  nearly  150  years ;  but  it  was  redeemed  by  the  late  Lord 
Lovat.  A  mile  farther  west,  on  the  Frith,  is  Newtown,  the  seat  of 
Fraser  of  Dunballoch,  a  gentleman  of  a  good  fortune,  and  a  Baron.^ 
At  the  mouth  of  the  river  Beaulie  stood  the  Tower  and  Fort  of  Lo- 


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199  OEOORAPHY  OF  KORAT.  PART  II. 

Ta^  ajoaenHy  the  seat  of  the  ffisaets  of  Lorat,  aad  aftwwaris  of  the 
Frasera,  pleasantly  ritaated  on  a  rich  azid  fertile  soil.  South  of  the 
chareb  ifl  Achna^ini,  the  heritage  of  Dnncan  Fraaer,  DoctfV  of 
Medicine,  descended  of  Fraser  of  Belladram.  At  the  foot  of  the  hills, 
eastward,  is  the  Barony  of  Relick,  where  James  Ftmct,  lately  oi 
Relick,  built  a  neat  and  convenient  house  at  Easter  Moniack.  And 
close  by  it  is  the  Tower  of  Wester  Moniack,  once  the  seat  of  Fraser 
of  Strichen,  and  the  land  continued  to  be  the  property  of  that  fomily, 
until  it  was  lately  sold  to  the  last  Lord  Lovat.  The  whole  of  this 
parish  is  a  rich  soil,  fertile  in  corn  and  pasture  ground.  JVext,  south 
and  west,  is 

THE  PARISH  OF  KILTARLATIE. 

The  parish  of  Kiltarlatie  stretcfaeth  on  the  east  side  of  the  river 
Farar,  about  fourteen  miles  in  length.  This  river  risethoutof  Loch 
Monar,  in  the  western  hills  of  Ross,  passing  through  Glen-Srath- 
Fwrar,  the  river  of  Qlasater  joineth  its  stream  with  it  at  Comer,  and 
having  watered  the  parishes  of  Kiltarlatie,  Kilmorack,  and  Kirkhill, 
*it  falls  into  the  head  of  the  Moray  Frith  at  Lovat,  after  a  course  <^ 
above  forty  miles.  This  river  divides  Kiltarlatie  from  Kilmorack 
parish  to  the  west,  and  a  range  of  hills  runneth  between  Kiltarlatie, 
and  Urquhart,  and  Glenmoriston,  to  the  east.  The  church  standeth 
on  the  bank  of  the  river,  a  mile  above  the  lower  end  of  the  parish, 
nearly  three  miles  south-south-west  of  Kirkhill,  six  miles  north-west 
of  Urqufaart,  and  about  a  furlong  east^north-east  of  Kilmorack 
church,  that  standeth  on  the  opposite  bank. 

A  half-mile  below  the  church  is  Downie  or  Beaufort,  the  seat  of 
the  late  Lord  Lovat,  pleasantly  situated  on  a  rising  ground,-  near 
the  river,  and  commanding  a  delightfiil  view,  but  not  improved  by 
art  as  it  is  capable.  This  was  a  part  of  the  estate  of  Sir  J<^  Bis- 
set  of  Lovat,  whose  second  daughter  married  Sir  William  Fentou^ 


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PABT  II.  GEOOBAPHY  OF  MORAT.  193 

and  brought  him  this  Barony  of  Beaafort  or  Dowoie,  and  fbeir 
grand-daughter,  heiress  of  Beaufort,  married  Hugh  Fraser.  A  mile 
east  of  Downie,  is  Belladrum,  die  seat  of  a  gentleman  of  the  name 
Fraser,  descended  of  fVaser  of  Coolbokie;  and  of  Belladrum  are 
come  the  Frasers  of  Achnagaim,  Hngask,  &c.  At  the  confluence 
(tf  the  rivers  above  mentioned,  is  the  seat  of  Fraser  of  Strawie,  of 
whom  Eraser  of  Eskadale,  Sec.  is  descended.  The  rest  of  this  parish 
is  planted  by  the  Clan  of  Fraser,  except  Stratbglass,  which  is  inha- 
bited by  the  Chisholms. 

Strathglass  is  a  valley,  watered  by  the  river  Glass  or  Glassater, 
into  which  another  river,  flowing  out  of  JjocU  Assarig,  falleth  at  Co- 
mer, the  seat  of  Rodericlt  Chisholm  of  Comer  or  Strathglass.  Chief 
of  that  name.  I  have  not  learned  upon  what  occasion  the  Chisholms 
•old  their  lands  in  Teviotdale,  and  made  a  purchase  in  the  North,  if 
it* was. not  on  being  made  Constables  of  the  Castle  of  Urquhart 
Sir  Bobert  Lauder  was  Governor  of  ,that  Casde.  anno  1334.  His 
daughter  and  heiress  was  married  to  Sir  Robert  Chisholm,  also  Go- 
vernor of  said  Castle,  and  by  her  he  got  the  lands  of  Quarrelwood, 
Knsterie,  Brightmonie,  •&«.,  ftud  their  daughter  married  Hugh 
Rose  of  Kilravock.  John  Chisholm  of  Quarrelwood  socceeded  bis 
brother.  Sir  Rbbert,  and  was  father  of  Robert  Chisholm,  whose 
daughter  and  only  child,  Morella,  married  Alexander  Sutherland 
of  Daffus,  and  brought  into  that  fttmily,  the  lands  of  Qnarrelwood, 
Brightmonib,  Kinsterie,  Sue,  and  the  heir-male  of  Chisholm  enjoy- 
eth.  the  paternal  estate  of  Stratiiglass. 

The  frequent  changes  of  the  proprietors  of  land,  verify  Horace's 
observation, — 

ltoipwpri»TelI-rtiHenmN*T»Bl,»ev»mni»,  ..  r"'-*V"'«*»"W»^!^ '?.^P^»'»*_^-"f 

N«c  me,  MC  qvBBMOUB  ilatnilr.. 

N^ic  igw  UabieBi  nb  nomiMi,  iinper  OfcUl, 

I>ietnf,«rit  BiilU  pnvriiM;  led  cadet  In  ntiim, 

Mnae  wii,  aoDe  alii. 


Umbicniu,'  Uteljr  it  wb*  Ofellut,'  and  it  (hall  be  Ac 
Kbwlnie  pnqwrty  of  no  mftn ;  for  it  will  tnni  to  my 
van  ose  Aife,  and  by  and  by  to  that  of  another. 

I  have  now  delineated  the  Geographical  lace  of  this  Province, 
and  proceed  to 

3  C 


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PART  lU. 

Vhe 
NATURAL  HISTORY  OF  MORAY. 


Of  the  Climate  and  Weather — the  Momttahia  and  Vallie* — tke 

.     Soil — the  Productions  of  the  Country — the   Waters — Animuh 
— Rarities. 

Although  this  country  is  in  a  climate  concnderably  Northern,  beinf^ 
in  the  twelfth  climate,  and  from  aboat  57  degrees  to  SV — 40  N«*b 
latitude,  the  long:e8t  day  being  about  17  hours  46  minutes,  and  the 
-shortest  6  hoars  14  minutes;  yet  no  country  in  Europe  can  boast 
of  a  more  pure,  temperate,  and  wholesonte  air.  No  part  of  it  is 
either  too  hot  and  sultry  in  Summer,  nor  too  sharp  and  cold  in 
Winter ;  and  it  is  generally  (and  I  think  jnsUy)  observed,  that,  in 
the  plains  of  Moray,  they  have  forty  days  of  finir  weather  in  Ae  year 
more  than  in  any  other  country  in  Scotland.  The  wholesomness  of 
the  air  appears  in  the  long  lives  of  its  inhabitants.  In  the  year  1747, 
ITiUiam  Catanacb,  in  Pluscardine,  died  at  the  age  of  lift  yeaiis, — 
in  the  year  1755,  Sir  Patrick  Grant  of  Dalvey  died  100  years  old, — 
in  1750,  Thomas  Fraser  <^  Gortuleg,  in  Stra^erick,  died  i^:ed  flV  ; 
and,  generally,  80  years  are  reckoned  no  great  age  to  Ute  sober  and 
temperate. 

'Tis  observed  in  this,  as  in  all  northern  countries,  that,  in  the  be- 
ginning of  the  year,  the  day-light  increases  with  remarkable  celerity, 
and  decreases  in  a  like  proportion,  at  the  approach  of  Winter,  which 


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PAIW   III.  .    -PHB  NATURAL  HI8T0BT  OF   MOBAT.  '   lOfi 

U  owing  to  rth«  incKnation  of  the,  Euth  towardfi  the  Poles,  .^i^  in 
the  Venter  nig-hts,  the  Aurora  Borealis  (frota  its  desultory  motioD,. 
called  MiBrry'dancers  and  Streamers)  affords  no  small  light — 
Whether  this  proceeds  from  nitrous  vapours  in  the  lower  region  of 
the  air,  or  Irom-a  reflection  of  the  rays  of  the  Sun,  Isludl  not  inquire. 
It  is  mrtain  tiiat  the  Iffnia  Fatuiu,  or  fynis  Lambent,  that  shineth 
in  the  night,  is-  owiag  to  a  thick  and  hazy  atmosphere,  and  a  clamy 
and  unctuous  dew ;  for,  in  riding,  the  horse's  mane,  and  the  hair  of 
the  rider's  head,  or  wig,  shine,  and,  by  gently  rubbing  them,  the 
fight  disappears,  and  an  oily  vapour  is  found  on  the  band. 

The  cold  in  this  country  is  never  found  too  sharp  and  severe.  In 
the  winters  of  1730  and  1740,  the  frost  was  not,  by  much,  so  strong* 
in  Moray,  as  it  was  at  Edinburgh  and  London,  and  during  the  con- 
tinuance of  it  the  water  mills  at  Elgin  were  kept  going.  The  wwm 
exhalations  and  vapours  from  the  sea,  dissolve  the  icy  particleisi  in 
the  air,  and  the  dry  sandy  soil  doth  not  soon  freeze,  or  retain  these 
particles.  And  if,  among  the  mountains,  the  cold  is  more  intense,  it 
is  an  advantage  to  the  inhabitants ;  for.  by  contracting  the  pores  of 
the  body,  the  vital  beat  is  kept  from  dissipating,  and  is  repelled  to- 
wards the  inner-parts,  keeping  a  necessary  warmth  in  the  whole  body. 

The  heat  is  pretty  strong*  in  Moray ;  for  in  sommn-  the  Sun's  ab- 
sence, under  th^  horizon,  is  so  short,  that  either  the  atmosphere,  or 
heated  soil,  has  little  time  to  cool.  And  often  the  heat  is  greater  in 
the  glens  and  vallies.  tiian  in  the  champaign  ground,  for  the  rays  of 
the  Sun  are  pent  iiv  and  confined,  and  reverberated  from  tite  rqcks. 

Bains  in  this  country  are  seldom  hurtful,  or  occasion  inundations. 
fJsually  we  have  the  Lammas  flood,  in  the  beginning  of  August,  and 
sometimes  a  Midiaelmas  storm  ;  but  the  soil  is  generally  so  saifdy 
and  dry.  that  drought  is  more  hurtfu)  {ban  rain.^ 


*  Tb«  theraumeter  b  not  unkmnni,  and  the  barovi^m  bM  beea  long  funllkr;  r«t  if  iitiieilttaM 
are  id  Inperiectlr  ondenhud,  that  iti  practical  lue  U  of  little  ImporMnco.    The  aatuiv  of  tlic  clWata 


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IM 


THB  NATUBAt  HI6T0RT  OF  MdBAT. 


Snow  fleldom  lietfa  a  \ong  time,  even  in  the  glens  and  Tallies,  and 
when  H  continaeth,  the  benefit  of  it  is  considerable,  especially  if  it  is 
attended  with  frost ;  for  it  mellows  and  mannres  the  gjonnd,  and 
renders  it  more  fertile.  impreg;nating'  it  with  nitre,  and  other  prin- 
ciples of  vegetation,  which  improve  both  com  and  grass. 

The  winds  that  prevail  here,  are  the  sonth-west,  the  nor^;  and 
north-east     IVom  January  to  June  they  generally  blow  between 


•r  any  dwtifet  smy  be  won  etrWmlf  aai  lAon  dbdoctly  aadavtsod  by  an  acennle  ngiita-  at  the 
wntber,  thaa  I^  the  uMMt  ettoided  ipedBcsaMi^— were  inch  «RgiitcrHcinipBBi0d  by  tiuinare  >trik- 
IngappeaTmees^prerionatouif  cfauige^  ita  moat  hnportant  paipoK  would  be,  by  rimllar  ftitnra^inuw 
aBett,*olmiBe>^»UketffttMbimgaXtmMoa.  ThoatDnAorttaeZStb  DBeeiiiber,'1806,  m  fittdlo  dw 
Uwraieti  over  all  the  cout  of  the  Blomj  Fritfi,  wu  picceded  by  »  fAemmaX  tempente  nuuiy  daj,  with 
■  gentle  g»le  bom  the  Math,— the  morning  of  tfaet  mehBcfaoIy  day  wa«  wliemi  hi  by  r  wnnnUi  In  tbo 
•pen  air,  Mtiribly  Mtd  rtriklngly  annatnral  at  Ouit  leaHD,— the  wind  veered  into  the  weM^  apd  nee  intir 
dM  iondeat  tempett  fai  remeaibniiMs  or  In  tn^tlon,  althongfa,  bad  the  damage  been  natricled  to  dte 
^irooted  treea,  the  hosna  nnthatcbed,  and  the  omn-itBdu  drifted  off  into  deatnictkni.  It  would  have 
eonqnmtlveiy  attracted  bat  a  ahort-Iind  imnembranoe. 

No  meteorokgioal  nyitler  tiu  best  ever  kept  In  this  pott  of  tbeeooaliy,  exc^tfa^  that  tbe^outny 
#f  ndn  wfafefa  Ml  at  UrqiUuft,  In  die  vidnlty  of  Innca-bonae,  from  Oe  lit  of  October,  1795,  to  tbeMin» 
date  in  Sm  year  1797.  noted  evorfBtoothki  Inebaa  and  dQdnialpaita,aafaitiw  annexed  laUe,  baa  been 
accunteiy  obasrved. 

At  Qocdon  Owtle  abo,  at  die  dirtaooe  of  ttiree  n^iea  only  from  Urqabart,  on  the-Mme  plain,  theqnan- 
dty  Af  ndn  wfakA  fell  hi  eadi  of  the  nbe  yean  nioceedb«  1798,  baa  been  acenimtdy  aaeertidned  by 
Jainea  Boy,  Eiq^  and  Ibnnd,  at  by  the  annexed  atate,  not  to  eneeed  the  medinm  of  twenty-aix  hicbea 
in  tttat  aeries  of  yean,  boOi  mnuorementa  cmcinTl^  in  Ibe  veriAcatimi  of  a  ntppodtkn,  wfaid^  far 
•everal  gnontkn*,  baa  been  niahitalned,  that,  along  the  ooatt,  tbore  are  fbrty  days  Id  the  year  of  nun 
fidr  wvflter,  than  In  any  other  foarter  of  Oe  Ungdeo. 


HuntBiMSHT  or  maqoAimTT  or  uiM 

VHtCH  FBLL  1*  DBQVHIKT. 

WHICH  TBLL  *T  aOKIMIl  CinUk 

1795.         Ii.i±«.         17»«.         bdio. 

179*          ...          .       99.19 

OtHW,            3,74           .           .          1,01 

N»<nl»r,         MS           ..          1,95 

I8(n 

90,06 

Branl-r,         S,SS           -           .          I4I 

l»i        .        .        . 

32,34 

,17M.             .                 1797. 

1808          ..          . 

3041 

Jmrnrr,           IJB          .          .          1,115 

1803          .          -          . 

2SW 

Febro«7,         1,7«          .          .         1,95 

1804           ..           ■ 

91,51 

•to*             0«          .          -         ft89 

180«          -          -          - 

9W3 

r-       SS     :     :     ?S 

1806  ..          . 

1807  -          .          . 

3UT 

lot,               9,17          ..         3,53 

Jol,,                »M          ■          ■         t^ 

iJM,            1,59          ..         Sm 

$$n>l».       1J15          .          .         M« 

isM 


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PART   III.  THE   NATURAL   HISTORY   OF    MORAY.  197 

north-west  and  north-east,  and  from  June  to  November^  between 
south-west  and  north-west.  In  winter  they  are  more  various  and  in- 
constant. By  these  periodical  chang^es,  the  barley  seed-time  in 
April  and  May  is  cool,  and  the  harvest  is  fair  and  dry. — Hurricanes 
are  seldom  known  in  this  country. 

The  mountains  and  deserts  in  the  highlands  of  Moray,  are  incom-. 
parably  more  extensive  than  the  arable  ground.  A  chain  of  the 
Grampian  mountuns  runneth  on  the  south  side  of  Spey,  and  another 
chain,  though  lower  than  the  former,  stretcheth  on  the  north  side^ 
from  the  mouth  to  the  bead  of  the  river.  And  the  straths  of  the  other 
rivers,  Erne,  Nairn,  Ness,  and  Farar,  are,  in  like  manner,  enclosed 
by  ranges  of  hills.  Although,  to  the  taste  of  some  travellers,  these 
may  seem  to  disfigure  the  country,  tbeir  diversifying  scenes  will,  to 
others,  form  a  most  agreeable  landscape.  And,,  certainly,  the  benefit 
of  these  mountains  is  very  great ;  for  tbey  collect  and  dissolve  the 
clouds  into  nun,  and  irom  the  reservoirs  in  tbeir  bowels,  form  the 
rivers  and  brooks  that  water  the  vaUies  and  plains.  The  mountun 
water,  being  impregnated  by  the  earth,  through  which  it  is  filtrated, 
has  a  vegetable  power,  which  appears  in  the  fertility  of  the  grounds 
at  the  foot  of  the  mountains.  Their  surfetce  affords  rich  and  whole- 
some pasture,  necessary  for  the  inhabitants,  whose  property  consists 
mainly  in  cattle.  .  Let  me  add,  that  these  mountains,  as  natural  fen- 
ces, enclosing  the  vallies,  make  a  fresh  stream  of  air  fan  them,  and 
drive  away  all  noxious  vapours ;  and  hence,  the  inhabitants  are  so 
sound,  vigorous,  and  wholesome,  as  to  know  few  diseases,  except 
such  as  are  contracted  by  intemperance,  or  communicated  from 
other  countries. 

In  distant  ages,  and  in  times  of  tumults  and  war,  much  of  the 
com  land  was  on  the  tops  and  sides  of  the  lower  hills.  The  ridges 
and  furrows  are  as  yet  discernible  in  many  places,  and  the  great 
.  heaps  of  stones  gathered  out  of  the  cofn-fields  still  remain.  Their 
safety  horn  the  incursions  of  enemies  made  them  choose  these,  high 

3  D 


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196  THE   NATUBAL   HISTORY    OF    MORAY.  PART   III. 

places  to  dwell  in ;  and  at  that  time  the  Tallies  were  all  covered  with 
woods,  and  haunted  by  Wolves ;  and,  by  burning:  the  woods,  many 
glens  and  vallies  are  become  swamps,  marshes,  and  mosses  by  the 
water  stag^nating^  in  them.  Wh^n  more  peaceable  times  encovrag;ed 
agricnlture  and  trade,  men  found  the  produce  of  corn  in  the  hilly 
gronnd  turn  to  small  account.  They  destroyed  the  woods  in  the 
vallies,  (of  which  many  roots,  and  trunks  of  oak  and  fir  are  diuly 
digg:ed  up),  drained  swamps  and  marshes,  cultivated  the  n<h  gr^md, 
and  removed  their  houses  and  habitations  into  more  coavenient  tttua^ 
tions,  and  more  fertile  land  in  the  Tallies. 

The  pltuus  of  Moray,  below  the  hills,  extend  the  n^ole  length  ^ 
the  country,  from  Spey  to  Farar ;  but  of  an  unequal  Iffeadth,  not 
above  six  miles  where  broadest.  And,  although  the  country  is  cham- 
paign and  level,  it  is  so  cultivated,  that  there  is  no  stagnating  water 
or  fens,  to  render  it  unwholesome  by  exhalations  and  vapours. 

The  soil  of  this  country  is,  generally,  either^  light  sand,  or  a  deep 
clay.  The  sandy  soil  in  the  plains  is  called  Moray-coast,  two  or 
three  feet  deep  of  a  light  sandy  earth,  below  which  is  a  stratum  of 
ft«e-stone,  or  of  hard  compacted  gravel.  This  compositimi  makes 
it  very  warm,  and  the  strong  re-action  of  the  Sun-beams  so  heats 
the  soil,  that,  Trithout  frequent  showera  in  Summer,  the  produce  oi 
it  is  burnt  up.  The  clay  soil  is  strong  and  deep,  and  when  well 
manured  with  hot  dung  or  sea-ware,  or  weeds,  it  yieldeth  a  rich  in- 
crease ;  but  it  requireth  moderate  rain,  as  much  as  the  siuody  soil 
doth,  for  heat  and  drought  bind  the  clay,  and  the  circulation  of  the 
sap  and  moisture  from  the  root  is  stopt.  Hence,  the  common  obser- 
vation is, 

A  mUty  May,  and  a  dr&ppmff  June, 
Brings  the  boimy  Land  o/*  Moray  aboon. 

The  soil  in  the  Highlands  is  better  watered,  and,  by  the  sides  <A 
rivulets  and  brooks,  is  deep  and  fertile,  and  needetb  not  much  rain ; 
And  the  vallies  running  horn  north-east  to  south-west,  die  south  side 


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PART   Ilf.  THE  MATVHAL   HI8TOBY   OF   MORAY.  190' 

is  always  moat  fertile,  because  it  is  better  watered,  and  less  dried  ap 
by  the  beat  of  tbe  Sun. 

Tbe  com  grain  produced  by  this  soil  is  Wheat,  Barley.  Oats,  Aye^ 
Beans,  and  Pease.  The  Lowlands  are  so  plentiful  in  these  sorts  of 
grain,  that  they  not  only  have  enough  for  faome-consampt,  and  sup- 
plying some  parts  of  tbe  Highlands,  but  they  export,  annually,  good 
^piantities  into  other  kingdoms.  And  if  some  parts  of  the  High- 
lands have  not  plenty  of  grain  for  their  consumpt,  it  is  not  that  the 
soil  is  less  fertile,  or  worse  manured ;  bat  the  Barley  and  Oats  are 
of  a  smaller  body,  and  a  thicker  booi.  Providence  wisely  so  ordering, 
to  guard  the  tender  grun,  which,  in  cold  vallies,  is  apt  to  be  chilled 
and  blasted  by  damy  mill-dews,  and  sometimes  by  hoar  frost  And 
tbou^  their  grain  doth  not  yield  so  much  meid  as  in  the  Lowlands, 
it  yields  more  and  better  straw,  which  to  them  is  no  less  useful.  But 
the  principal  cwise  why  they  foil  short  in  corn,  is,  that  the  inha- 
bitants M'e  too  many  for  the  small  extent  of  land — insomuch,  that  I 
have  often  seen  ten  persons  on  a  poor  farm  of  twenty  pounds,  Scots. 
And  what  is  wanUng  in  com,  is  abundantly  madeupincattie,  which 
are  ittew  main  property. 

Of  late.  Flax  and  Hemp  are  propagated,  the  former,  especially,  in 
great  plepty.  which  is  manufactured  both  for  faorae-consumpt  and 
for  exportation ;  and  no  soil  in  the  kingdom  is  more  proper  for  Hax, 
than  a  part  of  the  Lowlands  of  Moray.  And  it  is  no  less  proper, 
both  in  tbe  Lowlands  and  Highlands,  for  Hemp ;  but  the  want  of 
shipping  discourages  the  propagation  of  it. 

The  Potatoe,  almost  unknown  in  this  country  eighty  years  ago,  is 
now  everywhere  planted  with  great  saecess,  and  thereby  the  poor 
are  supplied,  and  much  barren  ground  is  cultivated,  to  the  no  small 
advantage  of  the  proprietors. 

Mustard  ia,  likewise,  propagated  in  the  fields,  and  might  h« 
made  a  profitable  article — in  its  quality  not  inferior  to  any  in  the 
kingdom. 


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-200  THE  NATURAL   HISTORY    OF    MORAY.  PART   111. 

There  are  no  garden  fruits,  or  herbs,  in  any  part  of  Britain,  but 
can  be  brought  to  as  great  perfection  in  the  Lowlands  of  Moray,  by 
the  same  or  leas  culture.  Cientlemens'  gardens  yield,  in  plentjr. 
Nectarines,  Peaches,  Apricots,  Apples,  Pears,  Plumbs,  Gaignes, 
Cherries,  Strawberries,  Rasps,  Gooseberries,  Currants.  &c.,  all  of 
the  best  kinds.  And  the  kitchen  garden  affords  the  greatest  plenty 
of  kitchen  herbs  and  roots. 

Nor  are  the  wild  fruits  and  herbs  less  various  and  plentiful,  espe- 
cially in  the  Highlands,  in  woods  and  heaths,  such  as  Hazel-nuts, 
Serviceberries,  Sloes,  Rasps,  Brambleberries,  Hipberries,  Bngber- 
ries.  Blaeberries,  Averans,  or  wild  Strawberries.  Wild  herbs,  of  the 
medicinal  kind,  abound  eTerywhere. — as  Valerian,  Pennyroyal, 
Maiden-hair,  Scurvy-grass,  Sorrel,  GenUan,  Brook-lime,  Water-tre- 
foil, Mercury,  Ciermander,  Wormwood,  Liver-wort,  Sage,  Centaury, 
Bug^os,  Mallows,  Tormentil,  Scordium,  <&c.  I  cannot  here  omit 
the  root  and  h^b  Carmile,  which  abounds  much  in  heaths  and  Birch 
woods.  Did,  in  Severo,  speaking  of  the  ancient  ■Caledonians,  says, 
"  Certum  cibi  genus  parant  ad  omnia,  quem  si  ceperunt  quantum 
eat  unius  fabse  magnitude,  mineme  esurire  eut  sitire  solent.*  Br 
Sibbald  observes,  that  Yelerius'  soldiers  had  found  a  kind  of  root, 
called  Chara,  "quod  admiatum  lacte  multum  inopiam  iKvabat,  id  at 
similitndinem  panis  effeciebant,  ejus  erat  magna  copia."f  Theoph- 
rastus  calls  it  Rcidix  Scythica,  and  says,  that  the  Scythes  could  live 
on  it  and  mare's-milk  for  many  days.  To  me  it  is  probable,  that 
Csesar's  Chara,  and  our  Carmile,  (i.  e.  the  Sweet  Root,  for  it  tastes 
like  Liquorish),  are  the  same,  and  are  Die's  CUn.  Genus.  It  grows 
in  small  knots  on  Uie  surface  of  the  ground,  and  bears  a  green  stalk 


*  They  provide  ■  certain  kind  of  food,  of  which,  if  they  lake  (he  bigncM  of  a  Bean,  they  use  not  ta 
hunger  or  thirst 

t  Which,  mixed  with  Milk,  gre&tly  relieTe*  hunger.  They  prepared  it  like  Bread,  and  had  grca 
plenty  of  it. 


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PART  III.  TBB  NATURAL  B18T0RY  OF   MORAY.  901 

four  or  fire  ihcheB  long*,  and  a  small  red  flower.  I  have  t^en  seen 
■it  gtil^ereAf  dried,  and  a§ed  on  jomnies,  especially  on  bills,  to  ap- 
.pease  Irang^ ;  and,  beings  poanded  and  infosed  in  water,  it  makes 
a  pleaMmt  and  wholesome  Balsamic  drink,  and  is  so  nsed  some- 
times in  the  Highlands. 

If  we  view  the  lorests,  we  shall  not  find  them,  as  in  Engiand^ 
ku^  wosds  «iclosed  for  holdin;^  the  Ring's  g^me.  Such  woods* 
'biit  not  enclosed,  there  seem  to  have  been  in  this  country,  as  tJie 
forests  of  Bothiemm'chus,  Tamua,  Inverculan,  &c.  And  now  forest^ 
are  saeh  puia  of  the  mountuns  and  glens,  as  are  appropriated  to  the 
pfteCuring'  of  Deer  and  oUier  Game.  The  King  is,  properly,  the 
'sapericir  and  roaster  of  aH  forests,  and  gentlemen  in  whose  hands 
they  lie,  we  bttt  the  hereditiflry  keepers  of  them.  The  Doke  of  Gor- 
don has  large  ifbresta  in  'C^enavon,  and  Badenoeh,  in  which  I  have 
seen  300  Dew  in  one  'floek  or  herd.  Lovat,  Grant,  ftothiemurchns, 
Madntosh,  and  Glengary,  have  fine  foreste ;  but  they  are  now  every- 
where iaid  open  for  pastmnng  cattle;  and  lew  Deer  (which  love  a 
dean  pasture)  are  tio  be  fonnd  in  them ;  but  bave  removed  to  the 
forest  of  Athole,  which  is  carefillly  kept. 

Notwitlutanding  the  vislNe  destraction  of  Woods  in  this  l^ovince, 
by  burmng,  f<^ng,  clearing  of  vaHies  and  glens,  no  country  in  Scot- 
land is  move  (4entifolly  served  than  this  is.  tn  the  parish  of  Duthil, 
I9ir  James  Grant  has  a  fir  Wood  seveMl  miles  in  circuit.  And  in  the 
parishes  of  Ab«*netiiie,  Kinchardine,  Rothiemurchtis,  and  Alvte,  the 
Dnbe  of  Gordon,  Grant,  Macintosh,  and  RothiemurchuEi,  have  an 
almort  continued  fir  wood,  fourteen  lAiles  in  length,  and,  in  some 
plaeei^  more  tbtm  three  miles  in  breadth.  In  Glenmoristown  there 
is  a  good  fir  wood,  and  in  Sttath'gla^s  &  very  large  one.  Parts  of 
these  woods  are  often  bni^t  by  accidental  fire ;  and  in  the  yea.'t 
1746,  the  wood  of  Abemethie  snff&red  Some  miles  in  circuit,  by 
Whiefa  aiillions  of  trees,  young  and  old,  w^re  destroyed.  Here  t 
caimot  bat  observe,  as  peculiar  to  fir  woods,  that  they  grow  and 

3  E 

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9(M2  THE  NATURAL  HISTORY   OF   MORAY.  PART  Ilf. 

spread  idways  to  the  east,  or  between  the  north  and  the  soath-east, 
but  never  to  the  west  or  south-west.  The  cause  of  this  seemeth  to 
be,  that  in  the  months  of  July  and  August,  the  gT«at  heat  opens  the 
fir-apples,  then  ripe,  and  the  winds,  at  that  season,  blowings  Irom 
south-west  to  west-south-west,  drive  the  seed  out  of  the  open  husks, 
to  the  east  and  the  neighbouring  earths.  Almost  all  the  glens  and 
vallies  abound  in  Birch,  Hazel,  Alar,  Aspine,  Saugh  or  Sallow, 
Holly,  Willows,  Haws,  Service-tree,  &c.  And  in  the  plains  are  the 
forest  of  Tarnua,  and  the  woods  of  Inshoch,  Kilravock,  and  Calder  i 
and  in  this  last,  and  in  Inveravon,  Alvie,  and  Urquhart,  are  large 
Oaks.  I  incline  to  think,  that  these  woods  are  the  remains  of  die 
Sylva  Caledonia,  which  Ptolemy  extendeth,  "  A  Lelalonio  Lacu  ad 
i^stuarium  Vararis,"  from  Loch-Lommond  to  the  Moray  Frith. 

With  this  abundance  of  wood  there  are  materials  for  bailding 
found  in  great  plenty.  Throughout  the  pluns  of  Moray*  there  are 
rich  quarries  of  free-stone,  easy  to  hew.  and  dress,  and  yet  dura- 
ble. And  in  the  Highlands  there  is  Ibe  greatest  plenty  of  lime- 
stone^ besides  some  quarries  of  it  near  Elgin,  in  Oufiiis,  at  Tamna, 
&c.  Slate-stones  are  found  both  in  the  Highlands  imd  Lowlands'; 
and'  good  clay  almost  in  every  parish  within  \he  Province. 

There  are  no  mines  of  coal  as  yet  discovered  in  this  iDountry ;  yet 
I  doubt  not  but  such  there  are,  and,  in  a  few  generations,  the  exig^ 
encira  of  the  people  will  require  their  digging  for  them.  In  the 
Highlands,  there  is  an  inexhaustible  store  of  Tnrf  and  Peats ;  and 
the  Lowlands  (except  the  parishes  oh  the  coast,  A'om  Spey  lo  Find- 
horn)  are  as  yet  well  served  in  these,  and  in  Broom,  Heather,  and 
Furz.  I  have  not  observed  any  Furz,  or  Whins,  in  Strath^y  or 
Badenoch ;  and  only  in  the  low  country.  But  the  Moss  ground  is 
much  exhausted,  and  will  soon  become  very  scarce. 

No  Gioid,  Silver,  Copper,  Brass,  or  Tin,  has  as  yet  been  discover- 
ed in  this  country.  But  there  are  rich  mines  of  Iron  Ore  in  several 
parts ;  and  at  ()oulnakyle,  in  Abernethie  parish,  a  Forge  was  set  up 


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PABr  in.  TRK  NATURAL  BISTORT  OF  MORAY.  383 

lately,  which  made  very  good  Iron,  but  through  ^he  extravagance 
and  luxury  of  the  Managers  was  given  up.  At  Achluncart,  in  the 
parish  of  Boharm,  there  is  a  quarry  of  fine  Whet-stone ;  and  in 
Glenlivat,  and  other  places,  there  is  great  plenty  of  rich  Marl  for 
Manure. 

Let  me  add,  that  there  is  in  this  country,  several  materials  for 
Dying,  which  the  people  use  with  success.  With  the  top  of  Heather 
they  make  a  yellow  colour, — with  a  red  moss  growing  on  stones, 
and  called  Korkir,  they  die  Bed, — with  the  bark  of  the  Alder,  or 
Allar-tree,  they  die  Black  ;  and  a  gentleman,  in  the  parish  of  Kirk- 
michael,  has  several  hands  employed  in  gathering,  in  tlie  hills,  ma- 
terials for  dying  Bine,  Ingrain,  Purple,  &c.  I  have  seen  some  of 
Uie  Indigo  he  has  made,  and  it  proves  very  rich  and  good.  This 
invention,  if  success^]],  may  be  a  great  benefit  to  the  country.  But 
the  gentleman  died  lately ;  and,  with  him,  that  useful  art. 

Having  surveyed  the  Laud,  I  shall  now  look  into  the  Waters. — 
The  Moray  Frith  is  the  only  Sidt  water  in  this  Province,  and  ex- 
tendeth  the  whole  leng^th  of  it.  It  is  somewhat  remarkable,  that, 
though  from  Bnchan-Ness  to  Beanlie.  the  Frith  is  about  seventy 
miles  in  length,  and  in  some  places  twenty  in  breadth, — there  is  not 
any  one  island  in  it.  The  north  shore  of  this  FVith,  in  Ross  and 
Cromarty,  is  high  and  rocky ;  but  the  opposite  Moray  shore  is  low 
and  sandy.  Hence,  by  the  water  rebounding  from  the  Ross-side,  it 
encroacheth  much,  in  some  places,  on  the  Moray-side.  On  the  con- 
fines of  the  parishes  of  Duffus  and  Alves,  there  is  a  small  bay,  which, 
about  sixty  years  ago  or  little  more,  was  a  moss,  in  which  they  dig- 
ged up  great  roots  of  trees,  and  abundance  of  peats,  and  now  a  five 
hundred  ton  ship  may  ride  at  anchor  in  it.  And  when,  some  years 
ago,  I  viewed  it,  I  found,  that,  if  the  sea  shall  encroach  farther,  and 
rise  about  four  feet  higher,  it  will  overflow  and  drown  all  the  plains 
of  Dufltis,  Renedar,  and  Inneg.  The  like  encroachment  it  begins 
to  make  at  the  town  of  Findhorn  ;  for,  as  it  fwmerlv  cut  off  the  old 


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;3M  THE  NATlJlMiI' :9IST0AV  OP.  JKO^tAT.  ^AttT  lil. 

town*  it  is  .DQt  improbable  that  it  nHl  Hirrfioad  Uwu^w  tows,  aail 
.epdaD^r.tbe  Uuids.of  MoirtowD  Aud  RinUMw. 

The  Fresb  walars  ar«,  the  rivers  fdrMdy  luunedi  abd  the  Ja«kes. 
The  water  in  all  these  is  light  and  wholesome ;  |(iid,<not  to  meotiaD 
here  the  Salmon  taken  in  the  rivers,  Spey  serretb  to  flout -down 
much  of  the  Oak  and  Fir  woods  to  ^kuroouth,  where  they  are  sawed 
and  shipped  for  export.  The  loch  euid  river  of  Ness,  likewise*  .«re 
very  useful,. not  only  in  keeping^  a  comsraiiioatiea '1^  wat^  to  F«rt- 
Augustus,  but  in  doatiog  mach  wood  from  GleoiHloristMWB  fmd 
Urquhart  to  Inverness.  The  Firs  of  StraUigl&ss  are,  in  like  mimber, 
brought  down  the  river  Farar  to  Beaulie.  I  tdiftU,  afterw*rds,  qpeak 
of  Loch-Ness  and  Lochindorb..  The  other  lakes  have  joodii^g  re- 
markable, but  what  shall  be  observed  in  treating  of 

The  Animal  produce  6f  this  country,  whett^  <m  tbe  limd  or  in 
the  waters. 

Among  the  tame  land  animale*  the  Horse  elftims  ihe  pii^feDeBce. 
In  the  Lowlands,  Uiey  have,  of  iale,  got  a  brood  of.bwses,  madh 
stronger  than  they  formeriy  had,  and  very  fit  both  for  Ae  «addle  and 
tbe  draught ;  yet  in  the  Highlands  their  small  iiorses  are  m<^  pro- 
per  for  rough  and  hilly  ground.  They  are  -small,  strong,  and  dei» 
ble ;  and  being  pastured  among  hills  and  rock^.  tbe)r  an  very  swe 
footed.  When  they  cmne  to  a  mire  or  bog,  they  AneU  to  it  and 
sound  it  with  one  foot,  and  if  they  find  it  net  a  firm  bottom,  tbej 
will  not  go  forward.  They  live  and  work,  in  wmterk  up^  a  lit^ 
straw,  without  any  com.  Tbe  Oxen  uid  CoWs  ar6  small,  owing  to 
the  climate ;  but  their  flesh  is  nxHre  delicious  Hian  what  is  stall-^ed. 
In  the  plains,  where  they  sbw  grass-seeds,  they  have  Cows  of  a 
bigger  size ;  but,  in  the  Highlands,  the  small  catUe  are  more  ser- 
viceable, where  their  pasture,  in  Summer)  is  in  woods  and  hills.  The 
Sheep,  though  of  a  small  aze,  are  broody,  and  their  flesh  is  tender 
and  delicate, — tbe  Wool,  in  Strathspey  <tid  Badenoch,  is  Httle  infe' 
rior  in  fineness  to  Ute  Euglish  Wool.     The  Highlands  are  well 


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PABT   III.  THE   NATURAL  HISTORY   OF   HOB^T.  305 

rtored  frith  Goats,  whose  flesh,  ttiou^h  dry  and  strong,  is  very 
wholesome,— their  milk  and  whey  are  medicinal  restoratives,  as  they 
Wooze  upon  the  finest  herbs  among  the  rocks. — their  skins  are  a 
gfood  article  of  trade.  Hogs  are  not  plentiful  in  this  country,  but 
the  few  that  are  fed  abvnt  mills  and  bams  are  very  good.  The  dogs 
are  of  Tuioas kinds,  some  small  andmild,  others  large  and  surly, — 
9ome  .Terriers,  to  ferret  the  Fox  out  of  his  hole ;  bat  the  most  re- 
Biarkahle  is  the  Greyhound,  so  swift  and  strong  as  to  catch  and  kill 
the  Red  Deer  in  the  forest 

.  The  woods  and  the  hills  shelter  many  wild  beasts,  as  well  the 
i^efnl  as  the  hurtfial.  The  Red  Deer  in  our  hills  are  allowed  to  be 
of'the  hu^^  «ae,  and,  if  the  forests  were  duly  kept,  would  be  very 
pleatiful, — 4hey  are  of  Uie  gregarions  kind,  ai^  go  in  herds, — they 
alwaiys  brooze  in  the  bills,  and  move  forward  against  the  wind,  and 
never  with  it,  but  when  they  are  chaced,— they  ^ed  their  horns, 
annaally,  until  they  t>ecome  old, — the  young  horns,  for  scxne  months, 
are  covered  with  a  skin  as  &ae  and  soft  as  velvet,  to  preserve  them 
against  the  inclemency  ot  the  weather, — as  the  Deer  keep  the  open 
l^s,  the  Roes  are  seldom  found  except  in  woods, — ^tfae  Foxes  destroy 
so  many  of  their  yoang,  that  now  they  are  but  few  in  number.  Hares 
are  to  be  met  with  everywhere,  even  in  the  high  hills,  where,  in 
winter,  they  change  their  colonr  into  white.  We  have  very  few 
BaUtits  in  this  cmmtry.  These  are  the  nseful  wild  beasts  in  this 
country,  and  fit  for  food.  The  rapacious  and  hurtful  beasts  are  bat 
few.  -  I  cannot  find,  that  ever  there  were  in  this  country  any  Lions, 
Tigers.  Leopards,  or  Bears.  It  appears  by  the  nunes  of  several 
placet  and  by  statutes  made  for  destroying  them,  that  there  wwe 
Wolves  in  this  country  about  300  years  ago ;  but  now  there  are  none. 
There  are  still  in  Uiis  provinoe>  Foxes,  Badgers,  Martens,  Squiirels, 
Wesels.  Whitreds,  Wild  Cats.  Of  these  the  Fox  is  the  most  hurt- 
ful, anddestroys  not  only  much  of  the.gapie,  but  also  Lambs,  Kid% 
Fawns,  i&c,,  and  notwithstanding  the  many  arts  used  to  destroy ^^m, 

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906  THE  NATURAL  HISTOBf  OF  MOBAT.  PAAT  IIT. 

they  6nd  such  shelter  in  woods  and  ro<^8,  that  they  are  very  niuae- 
reus.  The  Badg:er  is  a  harmless  animal,  and  lives  upon  g^aw ;  be 
is  so  strong;  in  the  back,  that  no  stroke  will  kill  him,  but  a  small 
stroke  on  the  forehead  lays  him  flat.  The  Marten  is  of  the  Cat  kind, 
but  the  head  is  small  and  long,  and  the  colour  a  dark  brown,  and  the 
fur  nothing  inferior  to  sable, — it  haunts  the  woods,  lives  on  mice, 
birds,  &c.,  and  is  quite  harmless,  but  defends  fiercely  when  attacked, 
or  when  it  has  its  young.  The  Squirrel  is  a  pretty,  sportive,  harm* 
less  creature ;  it  is  a  kind  of  a  Wood-Wesel — haunts  the  fir  trees — if 
you  toss  chips  or  sticks  at  it,  it  will  toss  pieces  of  the  bark  back  again, 
and  thus  sports  with  you ;  if  it  is  driven  out  of  a  tree,  and  skipping 
into  another  finds  the  distance  too  great,  it  turns  back  to  its  former 
lodge,  its  bashy  tul  serving  for  a  sail  or  wings  to  it  The  Weset,  a 
kind  of  Pole-Cat,  and  the  Whitred,  are  well  known.  In  the  High- 
lands, they  change  their  colour  into  white  in  time  of  snow.  The 
Wild  Cats  are  no  other  than  the  bouse  Cats  that  leave  their  bonte, 
and  lodge  in  rocks  and  woods,  and  in  this  country  do  little  hurt^ 
To  these  let  me  add  the  Mice  and  Rats,  that  are  well  known,  yet 
not  so  destructive  here  as  in  other  places.  I  have  never  seen  any 
Rats  in  Strathspey  or  Badenoch,  although  I  have  lived  long  in  these 
countries. 

Of  the  viperous  or  poisonous  animals,  there  are  few  in  this  coon- 
try.  The  Serpents  are  small,  few  of  them  a  yard  long,  and  their 
biteiscommonlycured'by  abathof  the  leaves,  buds,  and  tender  bark 
of  the  Ash-tree.  They  cast  their  slough  or  epidermis.  annuaUy.  It 
is  a  common  opinion,  that  Serpents  have  a  power  of  charming  and 
bringing  down  into  their  mouths.  Birds,  Squirreled  and  other  ani- 
mals,— whether  this  is  done  by  poisonous  effluvia  breathed  out  by 
the  Serpent,  and  affecting  animals  within  the  sphere  of  these  effluvia, 
so  that  they  are  stupified,  and  fall  down ;  or  if,  as  the  eye  of  the 
settipg  dog  makes  the  partridge  stand  confounded,  so  the  bird,  know- 
ipgthe  Serpent  to  be  his  natural  enemy,  is  stupified  with  feiur,  seeing 


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PART   III.  fHE  NATURAL   HISTORY  OF   MORAY.  907 

the  Serpent's  eye  fixe<d  apon  him,  and  so  falls ;  or  what  else  may  be 
the  cause,  I  shall  not  determine,  nor  inquire. 

lizards  are  frequent,  generally  about  fire  inehes;  but  I  hare 
seen  some  a  foot  in  lengfth.  They  are  of  a  dark  yellow  colour,  run 
swiftly  in  the  heaths,  and  are  very  harmless.  Toads  and  Frogs  are 
not  very  numerous.  Caterpillars,  in  April  and  May,  often  destroy 
the  firait  of  trees  and  shrubs.  But  we  hare  few  of  those  Gnats, 
which,  in  oUier  countries,  are  extremely  troublesome. 

The  number  of  feathered  animals,  which  are  either  natives  of  this 
country,  or  birds  of  passag-e,  that  visit  us,  annually,  is  considerable. 
The  tame  or  bam^loor  fowls,  as  Pea-Cocks,  Turkies,  Geese,  Ducks, 
^geons,  and  Poultry,  are  plentiful.  The  ravenous  and  carnivorous 
Wild  Fowls  are  numerous.  Among  these,  the  Eagle  is,  with  us, 
called  the  king  of  birds, — he  destroys  not  only  much  of  the  small 
game,  but  also  Lambs,  Kids,  Calves,  and  Foals.  He  nestles  com- 
moinly  in  high  rocks,  difficult  to  come  at;  but  indulgent  nature  has 
provided  that  the  ravenous  Eagle  and  Hawk  should  have  but  few 
young,  and  seldom  more  than  two  in  the  year, — when  the  harmless 
little  Wren  has  ten  or  twelve.  Hawks,  Gleds,  Stenchils,  Ravens, 
Crows,  Rooks,  Magpies,  <&c.,  are  numerous.  The  harmless  Wild 
Fowls  are  the  Swan,  Caperkylie,  (called  also  the  Cock  of  the  Wood), 
in  Latin,  Capricalca,  as  if  he  infested  the  Goats;  but,  properly,  in 
Erse,  Capal'Coil,  i.  e.  the  Wood  Horse,  being  the  chief  fowl  in  the 
woods.  He  resembles,  and  is  of  the  size  of  a  Turkey  Cock,  of  a 
dark  grey,  and  red  about  the  eyes ;  he  lodges  in  busby  fir  trees, 
and  is  very  shy.  Bat  the  Hen,  which  is  much  less  in  size,  lays  her 
eggs  in  the  heather,  where  they  are  destroyed  by  Foxes  and  Wild 
Cats,  and  thereby  the  Caperkylie  is  become  rare.  His  flesh  is 
tender  and  delicious,  though  somewhat  of  a  resinous  Fir  taste. 

The  water  animals  in  this  country,  are  common  to-  it  with  other 
places.  In  and  near  to  the  Moray  Frith  are  found  Cod,  Ling,  Had- 
dock, Whiting,  Scate,  Flounder,  Mackarel,  Prawns ;  and  of  the  tes- 


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906  THE  NATUBAL    HISTORY  OF   HORAT.  PAST   III. 

taceous  kind,  Oysters,  Ockles,^  Muscles,  Lobsters,  and  Crabs,  in 
such  plenty,  that  there  is  not  in  Britain  a  cheaper  fish  market  The 
nearness  of  this  Frith  to  the  Northern  Ocean,  made  itanciently  niDch 
frequented  by  Whales, — insomuch  that  Orkney  had  its  name  from 
that  Fish ;  for  in  Erse,  Ore  is  a  species  of  Whale,  and  ¥  an  Island, 
and  so  Orcy  is  the  island  of  Whales.  As  yet  Whales  follow  ,^oala 
of  Cod,  or  Herring;,  into  this  Frith.  In  1719,  a  Whale,  upwards  of 
fifty  feet  in  leng;th,  was  left  by  the  tide,  at  Phopachie,  near  Inverness. 
Another,  of  like  dimensions,  was  stranded  in  the  Barony  of  Innes ; 
and  one  in  the  Barony  of  Inshoch,  about  the  year  1754.  Xbey  were 
all  of  the  Cetus  Dentatus  kind,  and  yielded  much  Spermaceti.  Tonng; 
Whales,  Porpoises,  and  Seals,  are  frequent  in  the  Frith,  and  scMue' 
times  plenty  of  Herring;.  The  rivers  of  Spey,  Findhom,  Ness,  and 
Farar,  abound  in  Salmon  of  the  best  kind ;  and  io  all  our  rivers  and 
brooks,  are  delicious  Troutg  and  Eels.  I  have  seen,  in  Spey,  some 
Lampreys,  which  seem  to  be  of  the  long^er  Eel  kind,  fdmut  four  feet 
in  leng;th,  and  of  greaA  thickness.  In  all  our  Lakes  their  are  Pikes 
id  a  very  large  size,  and  in  many  Lochs,  particularly  in  the  Loch  of 
Moy,  near  Macintosh's  house,  there  is  so  great  plenty  of  Cut  Trout, 
called  red-wame,  (because  the  belly  of  it  is  of  a  vermilion  red),  that, 
at  one  cast  of  the  net,  there  will  be  taken  out  sometimes  upwards  of 
two  hundred.  In  the  riter  Spey  there  are  Pearl  Shells,  in  which  I 
have  seen  many  ripe  Pearls,  of  fine  water,  and  great  value. 

I  shall  now  conclude  this  part  with  an  account  of  the  rarities, 
whether  of  Nature  or  of  Art,  found  in  this  country.     And, 

1st,  The  only  rarities  of  art  I  shall  take  notice  of,  are — ^the  Chap- 
ter-House, called  the  Apprentice  I»le,  in  the  Cathedral,  at  Elgin ; 
for  which.  See  Part  VI.  Ecclesiastical  History,  Sect  3.  The  Obe- 
li^, near  Forres — See  Part  V.  Military  History.  The  Sea  Burgh 
— See  Part  V.  Military  History.  And  the  Druid  Circles  and  Cainis 
—See  Part  VI.  Ecclesiastical  History,  Sect  3. 

ad.  As  to  natural  rarities,  the  Loch  and  River  of  Ness  merit  oar 


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PABT  III.  THB  NATURAL  HEATOBT  OF  MOBAT.  MS 

aotioe.  llieae  never  Ireeae,  but  retain  their  natural  beat  m  tbe  ntot/H 
extreme  frost  Upon  the  banks  of  the  Loch,  Snow  leldom  ties  tw<» 
days;  and  Com  ripens  mach  sooner  than  in  other  places.  This 
qiulity  u,  probably,  owing  to  mines  of  Sulphur  in  and  near  to  the 
Lech.  This  Loch,  though  about  twenty-two  miles  in  length,  ha« 
BO  Island  in  it, — in  some  parts,  it  has  been  sounded  with  a  line  of 
about  three  hundred  fathoms,  and  no  bottom  found.  This  depth, 
with  the  lightness  of  the  water,  makes  waves  rise  very  high,  yet  not 
kvk^i  iqKHi  it.  What  Mr  Ciordon  writes  in  bis  Geography,  on  the 
aaAority  of  Sir  Qemge  Mackenrae,  Advocate,  eoncaning  the  hill 
Meal-Jwr-ixmie,  is  a  mistake.  That  hill  is  not  two-thirds  of  a  mile 
of  perpendicular  height  from  the  surface  of  the  Loch,  neither  is  there 
any  I^ke  on  the  top  of  it. 

3d,  Hie  Loch  of  Dundlechack,  in  the  parish  of  Dunis,  does  not 
freeze  before  the  month  of  February ;  but,  in  that  month,  it  is  in  one 
lUght  eorered  with  Ice.  This  I  have  been  assured  of,  by  the  inha- 
Intants  near  to  it. 

4th,  The  Cascade,  or  Water  Fall,  near  to  Fohir,  in  Stratberick. 
Here  the  river  Feachlin,  contracted  between  rocks,  &Us  down  a 
precipice  about  an  hundred  feet  high,  as  I  conjecture  from  a  bare 
view  of  it,  and  breaking  on  the  rocky  Selves,  the  water  is  dissipated 
aad  rarified,  and  fills  the  great  hollow  with  a  perpetual  mist. 

dtb.  The  Oaringomm  Stones.  This  mountain,  of  a  great  height, 
is  in  Kincardine,  in  Strathspey, — about  the  top  of  it,  stones  are 
foand  of  a  crystal  colour,  deep  yellow,  green,  tine  amber,  &c.,  and 
V^ytnusparent,  of  a  hexagon,  octagon,  and  irregular  figure.  They 
are  very  solid,  will  cut  as  well  as  diamond,  and  being  now  in  great 
nrqw^,  are  much  searched  for,  on  this,  and  other  hills, — ^they  are 
cut  for  Rings.  Seals,  Pendants,  Snnff-Boxes,  &c, 

6tti,  In  the  parishes  of  Kinnedar  and  Dufliis,  there  are  sevend 
CWea,-^-«0BM  are  ten  or  twelve  feet  high,  aad  it  is  uncertiun  how 
^  they  extcad,'— they  open  to  the  sea,  in  a  hill  of  free  stone^  and, 

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910  THE  NATURAL   HISTORY    OF   MORAY.  PART.  III. 

probably,  were  forooed  by  the  impetuous  waves  rwa^in^  away  the 
aaad  and  gravel  between  Uie  strata  of  stone. 

;  7th,  Cbalybeat  Mineral  Water,  at  Teynland,  in  Lhanbride, — at 
A<:hterblMr,  in  Duthil, — at  Achhagaim.  in  Rirkfaill,  and  other 
plabes, — aa  unctuous  mineral  at  Miltown  of  Relog^,  in  Edinkylie. 
These  are  much  frequented,  and  found  medicinal  in  several  dis- 
eases. 

:.  8th.  The  Black  Cock,  called  by  some  writers  of  Zoology,  Galku 
ScotimnuB,  as  peculiar  to  Scotland.  It  is  the  most  beautiful  fowl 
OJE  our  country,  larger  in  the  body  than  any  Capon,  of  the  colour  of 
the  Pea  Cock,  but  wanting  the  proud  train,  which  would  retard  his 
flight;  he  haunts  the  birch  woods  in  the  hills,  and  is  very  shy, — al- 
though be  is  not  so  large  in  the  body  as  a  Goose,  he  has  more  flesh, 
and  is  more  delicious. 

9th,  I  may  reckon  among  our  rarities,  the  Hill  of  Benalar  oa  the 
south  side  of  Spey,  in  the  braes  of  Badenoch.  It- is  not  improbable* 
but  this  is  the  highest  ground  in  Scotland ;  for  brooks  from  it  &11 
into  Spey,  Lochte,  and  Tay,  and  so  enter  into  the  sea  at  Garmouth> 
Fcot-William,  and  Dundee. 

lOth,  Let  me  add,  as  now  become  a  rarity,  the  Courach.  lliis 
nautic  vessel  was.  anciently,  much  used.  Solinus,  Cap.  22,  says 
of  the  Irish  in  his  day,  "  Navigant  autem  vimineis  alveis,  quos  cir- 
cundant  ambitione  tergorum  bubulorum,"  a  short,  but  exact,  descrip- 
tion ef  tiie  Courach.  It  is  in  shape  oval,  near  three  feet  broad,  and 
four  long, — a  small  keel  runs  from  the  head  to  the  stem, — a  few 
ribs  are  placed  across  the  keel,  and  a  ring  of  pliable  wood  around 
the  lip  of  it.  The  whole  machine  is  covered  with  the  rough  hide  of 
an  Ox  or  a  Horse, — ^the  seat  is  in  the  middle,  it  carries  but  ona  per- 
son, or  if  a  second  goes  into  it  to  be  wafted  over  a  river,  he  stands 
behind  the  rower,  leaning  on  bis  shoulders, — ^in  floating  timber,  a 
^pe  is  fixed  to  the  float,  and  the  rower  holds  it  in  one  hand,  and 
with  the  oUier  manages  the  paddle ;  he  keeps  the  float  in  deep  water. 


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PART    III.  THE   NATURAL   HISTORY   OF   HOKAY.  Sll 

and  brings  it  to  the  shor6  when  he  will, — in  retaining^  hoaie»  he  car- 
ries the  machine  on  his  shoulders,  or  on  a  horse.  In  Erse,  Curach 
signifies  the  Trunk  or  Coat  of  the  Body ;  and,  hence,  this  Teasel  had 
its  name,  and,  probably,  its  first  model. 

11th,  I  shall  add  but  one  rarity  more,  not  indeed  natural  to  this 
coontry,  but  adventitious, — Z  mean  the  Locust,  which  came  to  our 
coast  in  July,  17^,  and,  for  ought  I  know,  was  never  before  seen  in 
it  This  flying  insect  is  full  two  inches  long  in  the  body,  and  half 
an  inch  round,  consisting  of  several  rings  or  cartilages.  The  head 
is  in  the  form  of  a  Lobster's,  broad,  and  covered  with  strong  scales, 
with  two  antennae ;  the  mouth  wide,  and  armed  with  sharp  teeth ; 
the  neck  and  shoulders  covered  with  a  scale  like  a  helmet ;  the  eyes 
large  and  lively.  It  has  three  pair  of  legs, — the  nearest  to  the  head 
about  an  inch  in  length, — the  next  pair  somewhat  longer,  and  both 
armed  with  sharp  claws, — the  third  pair,  with  which  it  leaps,  are  two 
inches  long,  besides  the  foot  which  is  nearly  half  an  inch.  The  leg 
has  an  inflexture  or  joint  in  the  middle ;  the  upper  part  or  thigh,  is, 
in  ibrm,  like  a  bird's  thigh ;  the  lower  half  is  smaller,  but  serrated  or 
like  a  saw ;  the  foot  has  three  glands  in  the  sole  to  ti*ead  softly,  and 
is  armed  with  three  claws  on  the  heel,  and  as  many  at  the  point,  to 
take  a  firm  hold ;  the  body  is  covered  with  two  ptur  of  wings, — ^the 
'  under  vring  is  finer  and  of  a  silver  colour,  and  the  upper  is  stronger, 
and  spotted  of  silver  and  brown.  When  the  wings  are  folded,  the 
whole  length  of  the  Locust  is  two  inches  and  a-half.  From  what 
couR^  they  came  here  I  know  not,  bat  they  found  this  climate  too 
cfAd  to  generate  in. 


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PART    IV. 


CIVIL  AND  POLITICAL  HISTORY  OF  MORAY. 


Of  the  Inhabitanti,  their  Manners,  way  of  Liximg,  avid  Gfenhi^^ 
Agriculture  and  Improcemente—Manttfaciures,  Trade,  and 
Commoditiee  for  Export — Civil  Goeemment — Feudal  Cuetom* 
■^TitUa  of  Honour-^Countiee,  Inverneee,  Nairn,  Moray,  ot^ 
E^n —  R^alitiee—Baroniee —  'j[%e  aboliehing  the  Heriteible 
Juriadictiona — Courte  of  Judicature — Roll  of  Barons — Royal 
Burghe,  Inverness,  Elgin,  Nairn,  Forres-^Bwghs  of  Baramft 
^.  Sfc.  Sfc. 


It  canDot  well  be  doubted,  that  the  ancient  inhabitants  of  Ais  Pn»* 
vince  were  the  Picts  and  Sects, — the  on«  inhabiting^  the  Lowlanda 
on  the  coast,  the  other  the  Highlands  among  the  hills.  The  Romana 
called  the  former  Picti,  because  they  painted  their  bodies ;  but  their 
true  name  was  Phichtiad,  i.  e.  Fighters,  because  they  were  braTO 
and  raliant.  The  ancient  writers  bring  them  from  the  European 
Scythia ;  Bbde,  Lib.  1,  says,  "  It  happened  that  the  Piets  from  Scy- 
thia,  as  it  is  said,  entered  the  ocean  in  long  ships.  Coming  to  Bri- 
tun,  they  began  to  reside  in  the  northern  parts  of  the  Island,  for  the 
Britons  had  possessed  the  southern."  And  Nenniub,  Sect  0, 
writes,  "  The  Piets  came  and  possessed  the  Islands  called  the  Orii- 


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pillT  lY.  THE  HTSTOBY  Of  NOBAT.  313^ 

fireys,  and,  afterwards,  firom  the  adjacent  litlands,  wasted  many  large 
countries  io  the  left,  i.  e.  Eastern  side  of  Britain,  and  there  remain 
lb  l^is  day." 

*nie  Picta  ^hus  coming'  from  Scandia,  about  (he  mouth  of  the 
Bahic  Sea. 'had  an  earty  course  to  Shetland  and  Orkney,  and  thence 
to  the  Contihent,  where,  it  is  by  all  acknowledged,  they  possessed 
the  eastern  coast,  southward  to  Tweed,  and,  consequently,  they  in- 
habited the  1*tains  of  Moray.  The  Scots  were  so  called  by  the 
Bomans,  from  Sceot,  i.  e.  in  Celtic,  a  Shield,  or  Target,  wliich  they 
much  uited.  They  were  unquestionably  Celts,  and  the  same  with 
the  ancient  Britons,  and  were  driven  by  the  Picts  (as  Nennicjs 
hints)  but  of  the  Grampian  coast,  into  the  glens  and  vallies.  Whea 
the  Pictlsh  kingdom  was  overthrown,  about  the  year  843,  the  Picts 
were  not  extirpated  as  some  authors  write.  It  is  certain  they  made 
a  part  tff  King  David's  army  in  the  battle  of  the  Standard,  anno 
1138.  And  when,  in  the  relgii  of  King  Malcolm  IV.,  many  of  the 
Moravtenses  were  transplanted  into  the  south.  LoWlanders,  no 
A>ubt  of  a  Pictiah  descent,  were  brought  to  replace  them ;  and  so 
the  inhabitants  of  the  Lowlands  of  Moray  were,  and  as  yet  are,  of  a 
Fictish  origin. 

This  is  confirmed  by  the  language  of  the  country;  for  though 
gentlemen,  and.aill  who  have  any  liberal  education,  speak  the  Eng- 
lish tongue  in  great  propriety,  yet  the  illiterate  Peasants  use  (be 
broad  Scotch,  or  Buchain  Dialect,  which  is  manifestly  the  Pictish. 
And  the  Pictish,  English,  Saxon,  Danish,  Swedish,  Icelandish,  and 
Norwegian,  are  but  the  various  dialects  of  the  Gothic  and  Teutonic 
I^ngaage8,-^^u  the  British,  Welsh,  Cornish,  Scottish,  Irish,  are  dia* 
lects  of  the  Gaelic  and  Celtic.  ■  Now  that,  since  the  Revolution,  in 
1088,  schools  are  erected  both  in  the  Highlands  and  Lowlands,  the 
fnglish  tongue  spreads  and  prevails, — insomuch,  that,  in  the  parishes 
of  iuveravoD,  Knockando,  Edinkylie,  and  Num.  t^ere,  in  my  time. 


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214  TAfi  CIVIL  AND   POLITICAL  PABT   IT. 

divine  worship  was  performed  in  Krae,  now  there  is  no  occasion  for 
that  language. 

What  th^  manners  and  way  of  living-  of  the  ancient  inhabitants 
were,  we  can  know  only  by  the  short  hints  the  Roman  writers  give 
as  of  the  ancient  Caledonians,  Scots  and  Picts,  which  I  shall  not 
liere  transcribe.  But  what  Tacitus  writes  is  true  of  this  country 
in  its  ancient  slate : — "They  do  not  dwell  tog;ether  in  towns,  but 
live  separate,  as  a  fountain  of  water,  a  plain,  or  a  grove,  pleaded, 
them."  SiDONius  ApoLLiNARius,  ^tW.  20,  in  describing  a  Goth- 
ish  gentleman,  gives  a  lively  picture  of  a  Highland  Scotsman. 
"  He  covers  his  feet  to  the  ankle  with  hairy  leather,  or  rullions,  his 
knees  and  legs  are  bare,  his  garment  is  short,  close  and  party-colour- 
ed, hardly  reaching  to  his  hams,  his  sword  han<>s  down  from  his^ 
shoulder,  and  his  buckler  covers  his  left  side."  Nay,  Dr  Shaw's 
account  of  the  Arabs  and  Kabyles  of  Barbary  is  a  plain  description 
of  the  more  rude  parts  both  of  the  Lowlands  and  Highlands.  Hiey- 
are,  says  he,  "  the  same  people,  if  we  except  their  religion,  they 
were  two  thousand  years  ago,  without  regarding  the  novelties  in 
dress  or  behaviour,  that  so  often  change.  Their  Gurbies,  i.  e.  Houses, 
are  daubed  over  with  mud,  covered  with  turf,  have  but  one  chamber* 
and,  in  a  corner  of  it,  are  the  Foals,  Kids,  and  Calves.  The  HyJ^, 
i.  e.  Blanket,  or  Plaid,  six  yards  long  and  two  broad,  serves  for  dress 
in  the  day,  and  for  bed  and  covering  in  the  night, — by  day,  it  is 
tucked.by  a  girdle.  Their  mills  for  grinding  corn  are  two  small 
grindstones,  the  uppermost  turned  round  by  a  small  handle  of  wood 
placed  in  the  edge  of  it.  When  expedition  is  required,  then  two 
persons  sit  at  it,  generally  women."  This  explains  Exod.  ii.  5; 
Matth.  xxiv.  41. 

One  would  imagine  the  Doctor  had  been  describing  the  way  of 
living  in  Glengary.  It  might  be  easily  made  appear,  that  the  an- 
cient Moraviensei^  though  bold  and  brave,  were  contentious,  proud* 
turbulent,  and  revengeful,  and,  upod  the  smallest  provocation,  mo  to 


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PAST  IV.  HISTORY  OF  MOBAY.  210 

arms  and  butchered  one  another ;  and  this  wicked  dispoeition  ran  in 
the  blood  from  one  generation  to  another. 

But,  now,  that  fierce  and  wild  temper  is  done  away,  and  no  coun* 
try  in  the  kiofrdom  is  more  civilized  than  tlie  Lowlands  of  Moray. 
Xheif  education  since  the  Revolution  verifies,  that 

Ingenuat  didicisaefeliciier  artea, 

Emollit  moreB,  nee  nnit  taaeferos.* 
And  even  the  Highlands,  except  Glengary,  and  some  other  skirts, 
are  more  peaceable  and  industrious  than  other  Highland  countries. 
In  a  word,  one  will  not  find,  in  the  common  people  of  this  country, 
either  the  rusticity  of  the  Lowlanders,  or  the  rudeness  of  the  High- 
landers in  some  other  countries;  and  the  gentry  are  not  exceeded 
by  any  of  their  neighbours  for  politeness  and  civility.  In  no  coun- 
try are  the  people  more  hospitable, — both  the  gentry  and  the  peasants 
have  a  pleasure  in  entertaining  strangers,  in  which  they  rather  ex- 
ceed than  fall  short;  and  this  hospitable  temper  is  remarked  in  the 
Highlands,  where  there  are  but  few  Inns  to  accommodate  travellers, 
and  where  the  natives,  in  looking  after  their  cattle,  often  travel  from 
one  country  to  another;  yet  I  must  own,  that  some  other  social  vir- 
tues are  rather  on  the  decline, — that  benevolence,  in  supplying  the 
wants  and  relieving  the  distresses  of  relations  and  neighbours,  and 
mutually  assisting  one  another  in  their  necessary  afiuirs,  that  once 
shined  in  this  country,  isdegenerated  into  selfishness.  The  laudable 
custom  of  accommodating  debates  and  differences,  by  an  amicable 
arbitration,  is  become  obsolete,  through  the  craft  of  the  chicaning 
tribe ;  and  to  the  same  set  of  men  it  is  much  owing,  that  there  is 
less  of  ingenuity  and  plainness,  of  trust  and  confidence  in  social 
dealing,  than  I  have  seen. 


*  T«  h»n  McceuliiUjr  Mquirad  the  liberal  Art*, 
IUAbh  our  nnuieiw— nor  pennlts  them  to  be  orer  csw*b 


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eit  ^HB  eim.  AMD  -VOUVICAL  M0M  VK 

The  dcni<^  Uiis  }>e(>pt6  JQ  iStelunitA.  3Md  tt^tr^gfeiMEfor  db« 
and  Sciences,  are  not  inferior 'to  an3r«itbep  vomer  ^fftbe'lli^doiD. 
The  peaflftnts  build  hcMites,  outke  all  tbeir  in8tr4iiBetfUi  for  A^cuU 
tnrei;  frame  their  Corn  and  SaW-zruHs,  and  many  <(f  tbetti  we  Ti(o>-' 
ners*  Shoemakers,  Weavers^  Joiners,  &c.  Nor  ii4  their  capacity  for 
Arts  and  ScienceB  infienor  to  their  skill  in  Meqbanios.  No  people 
sooner  learn  the  art  of  War,  or  make  more  eminent  OflSeers  and 
brave  Soldiers.  It  is  true,  in  later  a«^s,  the  Lowlanders,  formerly 
brave,  have,  by  their  continual  labour  about  their  farms,  and  by  the 
disuse  of  Arms,  become  more  heavy  and  phleg-matic ;  and  yet,  when 
broug-ht  young  into  the  Military,  are  exceeded  by  no  soldiers  in 
bravery  and  fidelity.  The  Highlanders  have  always  had  a  peculiar 
advantage  for  martial  exercises, — ^the  fresh  and  wholesome  air  they 
breathe,  their  plain  and  homely  diet,  their  continual  motion  and  exer- 
cise, render  them  vigorous,  healthy,  and  lively.  They  are  inured  to 
cold  and  fatigue,  and  accustomed  to  arms  from  their  childhood* 
which,  with  the  rugged  rocks  they  daily  traverse,  inspire  them  with 
a  contempt  of  dangers  and  difficulties ;  and  their  freedom  from 
Slavery  and  Vassalage,  (except  a  dependence  on  their  Chiefs,  who 
encouraged  their  manliness),  gave  them  aaprightlines^  and  genero- 
sity of  mind,  elevated  above  the  boorish  and  mean  spirit  of  the  com- 
mon soldiery.  The  generous,  brave,  and  steady  behaviour  of  the 
Highland  regiments  in  the  late  Wars,  abundantly  evinces  that  they 
were  an  honour  to  their  country.  How  long  they  shall  continue  so, 
I  shall  not  pretend  to  guess.  The  Highlanders  being  disarmed, 
and  stripped  of  their  native  dress,  ap]>ear  not  only  awkward  and 
slovenly  in  the  Lowland  garb,  but  dejected  and  dispirited,  ^t  if 
this  change  of  dress  makes  them  less  fit  for  the  field,  it  may  render 
them  more  fit  for  the  farm,  and  the  useful  arts  of  life. 

"fti  brief,  the  genius  of  the  inhabitants  of  this  country^  will  appear 
from  the  following  list  of  men,  eminent  in  the  State  and  in  the 
Field,  on  the  Bench  and  in  the  Church,  all  of  them  n^ves  ot  or 


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PART   IV.  HISTORY   OF   MORAY.  317 

residing:  in  Moray, — viz.  Sir  John  Camming',  Lord  fiadenoch,  coii- 
janct  guardian  of  the  king;doin,  anno  1299 ;  Thomas  Randolph,  Earl 
of  Moray,  Govemor,  in  1339 ;  Sir  Andrew  Moray,  Lord  Bothwell, 
of  the  family  of  DuflFus,  conjunct  Governor,  in  1333;  John  Randolph, 
Earl  of  Moray,  General,  in  1346 ;  Gavin  Dunbar,  g;randsoD  of  Sir 
Alexander  of  Westfield,  Chancellor,  in  1538 ;  and  one  of  the  Re- 
gents, in  1536, — the  EarU  of  Huntly.  often  Chancellors;  John  Les- 
ly.  Bishop  of  Ross,  bastard  son  of  the  Parson  of  Kingusie,  President 
of  the  Court  of  Session,  in  1564 ;  Duncan  Forbes  of  Culloden,  late 
President  of  that  Court ;  Alexander  Brodie  of  Brodie ;  Sir  Francis 
Grant  of  CuUen ;  Patrick  Grant  of  Elchies, — all  Senators  of  the 
College  of  Justice ;  Gavin  Dunbar,  above  mentioned.  Archbishop  of 
Glasgow;  1534 ;  Gavin  Dunbar,  son  of  Sir  Alexander  of  West6eld, 
Bishop  of  Aberdeen.  1518 ;  Gilbert  Moray,  son  of  DufFiis,  Bishop  of 
Caithness,  anno  1223 ;  John  Innes,  son  of  John  Innes  of  that  Ilk, 
Bishop  of  Moray,  in  1406 ;  Adam  Gordon,  son  of  Huntly,  Bishop 
of  Caithness,  in  1460 ;  Alexander  Gordon,  son  of  Huntly.  Bishop 
of  Galloway,  1558 ;  John  Lesly.  above  mentioned,  Bishop  of  Ross. 
anno  1665.  Not  to  mention  the  Bishops  of  Moray,  natives  of  the 
country,  nor  the  learned  Pr(^essors  and  Advocates  of  later  times. 
Experientia  constat, 
Summos  ssepe  vivos,  et  magna  exempla  dafuros, 
Vervecum  inpatria,  crassogite  sub  aere  nasci.* 
If  we  view  the  Agriculture,  Improvements,  Manufactures,  Trade, 
and  Commerce  of  this  Province,  we  will  not  find  them  such  as  might 
be  expected.  The  people  have,  for  ages,  continued  in  one  beaten 
track  of  agriculture.  Their  only  manure,  in  the  inland,  is  the  raw 
dung  of  cattle,  not  fermented  or  rotten,  but  mixed  with  coarse  gravel, 
or  dry  sand, — near  the  coast,  they  mix  sea-ware  in  the  dung-hill ;  if 


'   .  *  It  ii  bf  experience  ettablbhed,  tbU  oftentiinee  gtml  moa,  and  Hboat  to  prcKiit  ahiDing  exampleir 
an  Imn  under  n  heavy  atnKwpfaeie,  and  in  nHNUitaiiuKU  diattieta. 

3  1 


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919  THE  dVlL  AVQ  i>OUTfCAI.  PART  IV. 

the  fio&  were  not  ^po«dj  it  w««]d  yield  tittle  by  saeh  poor  -aigntipe. 
Marie, «  &t  aactuous  earth,  and  limeBtoBe  io  sb«ndaDoe>  is  found  ia 
vaaay  pluoe^.  Few  pftrt«  ef  the  dry  and  hot  8e4I  in  the  HigUaniU 
or  Lowlands  but  saay  be  inoist^ied  Mid  &ttened  by  an  easy  coujtsf- 
«ace  of  rills  of  water  to  them ;  and  by  iBelo«n|['  the  corn  land,  weA- 
ing  it,  and  sowing  grass  seeds,  it  w«uld  be  greatly  ioiprofed.  But 
Ute  severe  exactions  of  Masters,  and  the  poverty  of  Tenants,  binder 
all  traprovements.  Tenants  have  neither  ability  nor  enc«nn^;«inent 
to  try  experinaents, — some  have  no  leasee ;  and  if  they  who  have 
them  flhall  improve  their  farms,  strangers  will  reap  ttie  foeaeSt  of  it ; 
for,  at  the  expiration  of  the  lease,  they  mnflt  pay  an  additifflifd  r&al, 
!or  a  high  grassum,  or  entry-money,  which,  if  they  r^uee,  Uie  fwn 
will  be  pDt  to  the  roup,  and  the  improver  will  be  remOTed.* 

The  country  is  very  capable  of  improvement,  and  several  bnuicbea. 
ef  PoUee  and  improvement,  which  might  be  easily  Btade,  are  much 
wanted.  In  Uie  plains  of  Moray,  the  moss  ground,  from  whi^  they 
take  tiieir  fud,  and  in  which  the  tenants  find  fir  roots  for  light,  and 
6r  and  oak  timber  for  building,  will  soon  foe  exhausted ;  and  the 
j>rice  of  wood  from  the  Highlands,  is  become  very  high-  Butj  of 
late,  the  Duke  of  Gordon,  the  £u-ls  of  FmdhUer  and  Fife,  Bit  Jamea 
Grant,  Sir  Lewis  Grant,  and  some  other  Gentlemen,  have  planted 
millions  of  barren  trees,  and  continue  in  such  improvement;  yet  no 
care  is  taken  to  plant  bairen  timber  in  the  extensive  heaths  and  moors, 
or  indeed  anywhere,  except  a  few  trees  about  Gentlemens'  Seats. 
In  no  country  can  the  open  fields  be  more  easily  inclosed,  either 
with  a  dry-stone  dyke  or  wall,  or  with  a  ditch,  bank,  and  hedges; 
but  this  19  totally  neglected  except  about  gentlemens'  manors.  The 
watering  of  ground  is  a  rational  and  easy,  and,  in  other  countries, 
a  beneficial  improvement ;  but  here  not  once  attempted.  The  drain- 
ing of  lakes  and  marshy  ground  would  at  once  improve  and  beau- 
tify the  country ;  hut  the  discords  of  heritors  prevent  it.  No  coon- 
ty  in  Scotland  ^elds  finer  wool,  or  may  yield  better  flax ;  yet  there 


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FART   IT.  ■UTOBV   OF   HOIAy.  •!• 

•M  BO  Wvimva  eitber  for  wooUen  or  Uneo  clolh;  and  it  n  wctt 
Imown  how  coDveniently  the  coantry  is  ntuated  {«■  a  Herring  Itab- 
ery,  but  it  is  totally  neglected.*  ' 

Id  these  nseful  branches  onr  coantry  is  shamefully  deficient,  bat 
in  some  others  a  small  advance  has  been  made  of  late.  Gentlemen 
have  dramed  and  inclosed  th^  own  manors,  which,  till  oi  late,  lay 
open  and  naked.  Wheat  is  propagated  in  greater  plenty,  and  €i  a 
bette4^>ody,  by  fallowing  the  groand.  and  bringing  the  seed  from 
England.  Ilour  mills,  and  mills  for  aheelling  barley  are  set  up ; 
flax  is  propagated  with  good  snccess ;  Lint  mills,  and  Bleachfielda 
are  erected ;  and  in  the  Highlands,  the  propagating  flax  and  spin- 
ning it,  make  progress  by  the  encouragement  given  by  the  Trus- 
tees, who  haye  settled  a  Factory  at  Invermoristown,  purchased 
gromkl,  built  the  proper  booses,  and  allow  liberal  salaries  to  an  over- 
seer, spinsters,  wheel-wrig^ta,  flax-dressers,  i&c.,  and  now  the  coun- 
try has  linen,  coarse  and  fine,  for  home  consumpt,  and  a  small  quan- 
tity for  export ;  and  thou^  we  have  no  Factories  for  weaving,  yet 
we  have  good  weavers  of  plain  and  figured  linen.  The  manufoctar- 
ing  of  broad  woollen  cloth,  is  likewise -improved  by  private  hands ; 
and.  which  was  little  known  thirty  years  ago,  cotton  cloth  is  wrought 


*  ffince  Ibe  timeofonr  anthor,  Mr  Johuton  hwestablisbedaHaiiufkcloiy  <brwooll«icloili,at  New- 
mill,  nnr  Elgin,  wbidi  b  cMidiicted  on  a  rerjr  extemin  icale — conitautly  employiu);  from  brtf  to 
tttj  workmen,  wbo,  besides  the  cloth,  manuheture  ererj  deacriptlon  and  quality  of  Diittea,  Baliei, 
Eenie*,  and  Blanket*,  which  the  shop  of  the  wagllen  draper  can  exhibit.  Mr  JobutoD  ha«,  likewise, 
two  Cardbf  Blachlitei  in  the  padth  of  InTeraron,  in  BaaflUiire,  for  the  acconnnadatHm  of  the  feoph 
la  dioee  parb  who  spin  tl>eir  own  wool. 

Inflie  Herring-Bshery  (here  has  also  been  a  great  spirit  orenterpriaedlsplafed,  of  late,  at  inastef  the 
bartMmn  In  the  Moray  Fritb,— .some  of  them  employing  a  considerable  nomber  of  boats  in  this  depart- 
ment of  commerce.  The  town  of  Bnrghead  is,  in  this  respect,  peculiarly  deserring  ofhonouiable  mea- 
tkm.  Under  the  encoimging  aospices  of  William  Young,  Esij.,  the  proprietor  of  (he  place,  a  rery  ex- 
teniire  Herring-flshery  it  conducted,  generally  with  distingui^ed  success ;  and,  indeed,  erer  rinee 
Bargheadbecatne  the  pn^terty  of  this  spirited  Gentieown,  itbasbeenriaii^;  with  rapidity,  to  erery point 
of  riew,  to  an  eminence  and  Importance  wholly  unequalled  by  any  other  similar  village  la  the  nwtk 
ofBritnla. 


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320  THE   CIVIL   AND    POLITICAL  PART   IV. 

and  dyed  with  success.  Let  me  add,  that  potatoes  are  now  planted 
everywhere,  to  the  great  benefit  of  the  poor,  and  the  improving  of 
the  ground.  Grass  seeds  are  sown  by  the  gentlemen  to  great  ad- 
vantage. 

Widi  respect  to  trade  and  commerce,  there  are  many  obstnictiom. 
We  have  no  good  harbours ;  Giurmouth  is  often  choaked  with  sand  ;* 
Lossiemouth  is  hut  a  creek,  and  receives  no  ships  of  any  burden ; 
Findhorn  is  much  barred;  and  Inverness  river  receives  but^oops 
and  doggers.  Were  our  harbours  good,  we  have  but  few  articles 
for  export.  Our  Merchants  are  generally  men  of  no  stock ;  and  oar 
Landed-gentlemen  have  no  inclination  to  employ  their  money  in 
this  way.  The  commodities  our  country  affords  for  export,  either 
into  neighbouring  or  forwgn  countries,  are  these  : — 

Barley  and  oat-meal,  to  the  quantity  of  SO.OOO  bolls,  may  be  ex- 
ported annually,  and  this  article  may  be  improred  to  a  much  great- 
er extent.  Salmon  is  a  considerable  article,  and  no  country  affords 
better  fish  than  what  is  taken  in  the  rivers  of  Spey,.  Findhorn,  Ness, 
Farar,  or  Beauly.  to  the  value  of  several  thousands  of  pounds  yearly. 
The  white-fisbing  of  cod  and  ling  turns  to  small  account     linen 


*  The  iltiMtion  of  the  Village  of  Gannontb  has  been  formerly  mentloiifd  m  llie  eutem  end  of  flte 
eouDtiT,  ixx  tbe  angle  formed  by  the  Frilh  and  the  Spejr,  at  the  indux  of  the  tint.  The  village  con- 
tains several  uent  houies,  though  the  greater  pert  of  the  buildings  are  composed  entirely  of  clay  made 
into  mortar,  with  straw  in  aonte  caxes,  having  a  foot  or  tiro  from  tlie  fauodation  built  of  itone.  I%e 
number  of  the  inhabitaots  U  nearly  800 ;  and  tbey  hear  sudi  a  large  proportion  to  the  whole  populatkm 
of  the  parish,  that  they  are  nccommodated  with  the  Parochial  School.  The  b»  flows  up  to  tbe  end  oT 
the  villafte ;  and,  eren  at  neap  tides,  there  are  nine  fi!«t  of  water  on  the  bar.  Menn.  Dodaworth  and 
OsbourU)  for  tbe  temporary  purpose  merely  of  launchint;  three  or  four  vessel  a,  excttvaied  a  Canal  nearly 
of  tbe  aame  length,  and  almost  one-third  part  of  the  breadlh  of  the  West  India  Dock ;  and  Little  mora 
than  duuble  their  labour  won  Id,  of  itself,  form  a  harbour  easily  accessiblp,  secure  from  every  storm,  and 
of  a  capacity  sufficient  for  the  whole  trade  of  (he  Mor^y  Fritli.  Whatever  alterations  may,  in  Kucient 
limea,  have  taken  plaice,  the  permanence  of  tlie  entrance  into  the  river  during  the  whole  of  the  Isit 
century,  hath  shown  that  there  is  no  great  cause  of  apprdension  in  this  regard,  either  from  the  violence 
of  tempest  in  the  sea,  or  from  the  rapiility  of  the  awollen  river  daring  a  flood  on  the  land.  After  all, 
there  is  experience  more  than  sufficient  to  eatablish,  that  tbe  commerce  of  any  place  docs  not  wholly  de- 
pend upon  the  commodiounieu  of  its  port. 


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riBT  IT.  HI8T0BT  OF  MOBAT.  CSt 

cloth  is  »a  improving-  article,  and  might  become  a  stapple  commodi- 
^..did  gentlemen  set  up  work -houses,  and  encourage  the  manufac- 
tore.  AlUiongh  our  wool  is  not  manufactured  at  home  to  any  advan- 
tage, yet  connderable  quuitities  are  sold  in  the  counties  of  Banff 
and  Aberdeen.  Beef  and  pork  are  exported,  though  not  to  a  great 
amount ;  thousands  of  black  cattle  are  annually  sold  in  the  South 
of  Scotland,  and  in  England ;  great  flocks  of  sheep  are  driven  to 
Dee-aide,  and  other  countries ;  and  some  horses  are  likewise  sold. 
No  small  benefit  arises  from  the  woods  in  the  Highlands,  which 
furnish  the  neigboaring  counties  with  planic,  deal,  board,  joists,  and 
all  kinds  of  timber  for  building  carts,  waggons,  labouring-instra- 
ments,  bark  for  tanning,  pipe-staves,  &c.  To  which  let  me  add, 
that  the  Highlands  furnish  much  peltrie,  raw-hides,  skins  of  deer, 
roe,  fox,  hare,  otters,  wild-cats,  goats,  badg-ers,  <&c. 

For  home  consumpt  we  have,  in  plenty,  corn,  fleshes  and  fishes 
batter,  cheeae,  honey,  fruits,  fowls,  tame  and  wild,  tallow,  &c.  In 
a  word,  would  gentiemen  live  at  home  and  improve  the  country; 
would  they  encourage  their  tenants,  and  exempt  them  from  alavish 
servitude ;  would  all  ranks  live  frugally  and  wisely,  small  aa  the  pro- 
Aice'  of  our  country  is,  it  may  be  called 

Terra  »ui»  contenta  bonta^  nee  indiga  mercis.* 
But  the  luxury  and  vanity  of  our  times  know  no  bounds  Even  they 
that  live  on  alms  are  infected  by  it ;  and  it  must  be  restrained  or  the 
country  will  be  impoverished.  In  few  countries  do  the  peasants 
live  more  poorly ;  and  tiiough  many  of  the  gentry  grind  the  faces 
of  the  poor,  they  do  not  enrich  themselves.  They  multiply  exactions 
on  the  people,  who  dare  not  complain ;  and  they  exhaust  their  own 
fortunes  by  the  expence  of  imilatintp  the  manners  and  luxury  of  their 
more  wealthy  neighbours. 


•  A  lM<  flMiMt  wUh  llt«m»  wr  te  mat  of  fbtdp  anAarilM 

SK 


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333  THB   CIVIL  ANQ    POLITICAL  PART  IV. 

I  shall  now  take  a  view  of  the  Civil  Government  of  this  country, 
as  it  is  divided  into  counties  and  burghs ;  and,  as  it  may  be  thought; 
that  a  general  view  of  the  Feudal  System  may  throw  some  light  on 
this,  I  shall  extract  a  few  lines  from  Mr  Dalrymple's  accurate  Essay 
on  Feudal  property. 

The  Goths  and  Vandals  having  overrun  the  Roman  Empire,  set- 
tled the  Feudal  Law  in  the  countries  they  conquered.  They  went 
abroad,  though  under  a  General,  as  independent  Clan^  to  6nd  a  set- 
tlement ;  and  when  they  settled  in  any  conquered  country,  they  must 
fall  into  some  subordination.  Their  general  naturally  became  their 
prince  or  king ;  and  all  must  be  ready,  at  a  military  call,  to  maintain 
their  conquest.     Of  the  conquered  land, 

1st,  Some  part  would  be  reserved  for  the  prince  or  king. 

2d,  The  rest  would  be  parcelled  out  among  the  Chieftains. 

3d,  Such  of  the  ancient  inhabitants  as  were  allowed  to  remain  in 
the  country,  (for  it  was  not  their  way  to  extirpate  them),  kept  their 
lands  on  the  ancient  footing.     And, 

4tb,  Such  intruders  and  followers  as  were  not  attached  to  any 
chieftain,  taking  possession  of  any  vacant  land,  enjoyed  it  on  the 
same  footing.  The  king  judged,  and  laid  out  to  War  in  his  own  landst 
— the  ehiellains  did  so  in  their  lands, — and  the  king  sent  his  officers 
to  judge  in  the  third  and  fourth  classes.  In  France,  lands  held  on 
the  ancient  footing  were  called  Alleux,  or  Allodial, — the  officer 
sent  to  command  in  them  was  termed  Count, — those  living  under 
his  jurisdiction  were  named  Libert  and  MHitee,  i.  e.  who  owned  no 
Superior  in  a  Feudal,  though  subject  to  the  King  in  a  Political  way. 
Lands  held  on  the  Feudal  fooling  were  called  Feodaux, — those  hold- 
ing them  w^ere  named  Leuds,  i.  e.  Lords,  and  they  judged  their  own 
people,  led  them  to  war,  and  were  no  way  subject  to  the  Counts. 
Among  the  Saxons,  in  England,  lands  granted  to  the  Thanes  or 
Lords  were  called  Thain-Land,  and.  if  held  by  charter,  Boc-Land. 
Hence,  the  prQprietors  of  Boc-Land  were  called  Th^en^  i.  e.  Lords, 


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PUtTIT.  HISTORY  OF  MORAY.  333 

and  those  under  them  Theoden.  Allodial  lands,  over  which  the 
King's  officer,  called  ^oe,  and  Skerive,  had  jurisdiction,  were  called 
Reve-Land,  and,  being  held  without  writ,  Falkland, — the  Governors 
of  such  lands  were  <;a11ed  Copies,  i.  e.  Counts,  and  these  under  them 
Ceorles,  At  first,  grants  of  conquered  lands  were  made  only  during 
pleasure,  afterwards  for  life;  and  because  men  would  not  serve  in 
war,  if  by  their  death  their  families  would  be  ruined,  therefore  grants 
were  made  hereditary. 

In  all  the  Gothic  constitutions,  honour  and  dignity,  (such  as 
Count,  Earl,  Thane,  Lord)  were  originally  annexed  to  lands  and 
offices.  An  Earl  was  the  Governor  and  Judge  of  a  Province,  and 
only  during  pleasure,  or  for  life.  William,  the  Conqueror,  made 
these  offices  hereditary  and  feudal.  Then  Earls,  too  great  to  bear 
the  fatigues  of  business,  appointed  Deputies,  Vice-Comitea,  or  She- 
rives.  This  left  an  Earldom,  not  so  much  a  territorial  office,  as  a 
territorial  dignity.  Afterwards,  though  the  estate  was  lost,  the 
honour  was  allowed  to  continue  with  the  family, — or  lands  were 
erected  into  an  Earldom,  in  favours  of  the  grantee  and  his  heirs,  and 
this  conferred  on  him  the  territorial  dignity,  though  he  had  neither 
office  nor  property  in  these  lands. 

In  Scotland,  and  in  other  nations,  the  feudal  system  was  establish- 
ed by  degrees.  King  Malcolm  the  Second  made  advances  to  it 
The.  ouUines  of  it  consisted  in  making  the  crown  vassals  hold  by 
military  service,— in  certain  profits  paid  on  change  of  heirs, — in 
granting  the  Superior  the  incidents  of  ward  and  marriage ;  and  in 
making  the  King,  not  a  Supreme  Magistrate,  but  a  Paramount 
Superior,  invested  in  the  whole  property  of  the  kingdom,  and-  his 
vassals  attached,  to  him  by  homage  and  fealty.  To  subject  them- 
selves to  feudal  service,  to  surrender  all  their  landd  to  the'  King 
during  the  minority  of  the  heirs,  and  to  pay  a  year's  rent  at  the  entry 
of  every  heir,  were  perquisites  the  Nobles  and  Cheiftains  would'not 
yield  without  a  valuable  compensation;  and>this  grant^^ 


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tM  TUB  CIVIL  ANO   POUTICAL  PAltT  1V> 

(1.)  A  part  of  the  Crowa  lands  was  gijea  cm  condition  of  inilitarj 
serrice ;  and,  if  the  gift  was  considerable,  the  receirer  could  not; 
faandaomely,  refuse  to  allow  his  owo  estate  to  be  engrossed  in  ttie 
charter. 

(2.)  Htles  of  boDoar  were  conferred  on  many.    And, 

^.)  Whereas  lands  were  formerly  held  by  possesuon  only,  with- 
ont  writ,— charters  were  granted  as  the  most  solemn  and  sore  title 
to  land.  By  these  baits  they  were  gradually  allured  to  give  up  their 
independency,  and  to  accept  of  their  own  estates  as  a  gift  fr<Hn  the 
King,  holding  of  him  by  military  tenure. 

The  oa\y  Coont  or  Earl  anciently  in  this  Province,  was  the  Eail 
of  Moray.  The  charter  to  Thomas  Randolph  is  set  down,  (A[q>en. 
No.  I.)  Before  that  time  the  Earls  of  Moray  were  probably  oflkera 
or  gOTemor^  during  pleasure,  or  for  life.  But  Randolph's  dignity 
was  manifestly  territcHial  and  hereditary.  Tlie  iMivileges  granted  to 
him  were  ample,  sach  as  a  regality  in  &e  whole  county, — the  supe- 
riority  of  baronies  and  freeholders,  and  of  the  Burghs  of  Elgin,  For- 
res, and  Nairn, — the  patronages  of  parish  churches, — and  the  imlitary 
command  of  the  whole  county.  But  the  patronage  <^  prelades,  the 
town  and  castle  oi  Inverness,  and  the  reveraon  of  the  whole  coonty. 
were  reserved  to  the  Crown. 

This  charter  beareth  no  date,  though  granted,  anno  I313l  An- 
cient charters  often  wanted  the  date  of  time  and  place,  as  King  Dun- 
can's charter.  Some  name  the  place  but  no  time ;  and  in  others  a 
remarkable  fact  is  stated  instead  of  the  time,  as  in  the  charter  of  In- 
nes.  I  Ao  not  find  that  any  <^  oar  Kings,  before  the  eighth  year  of 
Alexander  II.,  used  the  plural  NOS,  in  their  chvters;  and,  in  Eng- 
land, Bichard  I.  or  his  immediate  predecessors,  first  used  that  style. 
And  as  soon  as  tiie  Kiaga  need  it,  the  Nobles  and  Prelates  celled 
from  them. 

Onr  Kings  never  did  subscribe  their  charters  and  grants,  but 
only  affixed  their  seals  to  them,  and  of  late  they  superacribe  them 


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MKT  IV.  aiBTOHY  OF  WOffAT.  lit 

Aad  fbongh  the  names  of  witoesses  to  royal  d^e^s  were  inserted  iq 
tb«  body  of  the  writ,  yet  tbey  never  did,  nor  as  yet  do  manually  «iib- 
seribe ;  but,  of  old,  they  affixed  their  seaU  to  it.  The  crosses  sub*' 
joined  to  King  Duncan's  charter  were  drawn  by  the  writer,  or  raUier 
the  King  and  witnesses  drew  the  crosses,  and  the  Scribes  wrote  tba 
names.  The  foundation  charter  of  the  Abbey  of  Scone,  by  King 
Alexander  the  Firat,  anno  1115,  thus  ends, — "  £go  Alexander  Dei 
Gratia  Hex  Scotorum,  propria  manu  mea  heec  conBrmo.  Ego  Syr 
billa  Beg^na  confirnio."*  These  names  were  written  by  the  Scribe, 
and  the  Roman  letter  £  was  in  Red,  or  in  Gold.  And  with  respect 
to  the  deeds  of  subjects,  it  was  not  necessary,  before  the  year  I6S1. 
tiiat  either  the  writer,  or  the  witnesses,  should  be  designed  in  the 
writ, — or  Aat  the  witnesses  subscribing  ^ould  be  the  only  proba- 
tive witnesses. 

King  Malcolm  the  Third  was  the  first  who  affixed  a  Seal  to  his 
deeds,  but  without  any  armorial  figures.  His  son,  Duncan,  used 
Cross  and  Seal.  King  Alexander  the  First  introduced  counter- 
sealing ;  and  King  William,  (whose  reign  commenced  anno  1165), 
firat  used  armorial  figures  on  his  seal.  The  figures  formerly  ao 
royal  seals  w^e,  as  on  King  Edgar's,  viz.  the  King  on  the  Throne, 
a  Sword  in  one  hand,  and  a  Sceptre  in  the  other,  with  this  inscrip- 
tion,— "  Ymago  Edgari  Scottorum  Basilei."  In  England,  King 
Jliehard  the  first,  who  began  to  rei^  anno  1189,  first  used  armo- 
rial ^g^res^  The  Barons  and  Gentry  had  their  seals,  likewise, 
early  charged,  (not  with  armorial  figures),  but  with  "Quilibet  Baro.- 
vel  alius  tenens  de  Rege,  habeat  Sigillum  proprium,  et  qui  non 
habuerit,  incidet  in  Amerciamentqm  Regis.     Et  quod  sigiija  sint. 


*  f,  Atennder, bf  the  6*oar  otOadjK^  pTtbe  Scots,  copflm  Alijgniit.lnr.py  jptjgtf  f)fff/ba^i 
ft  <^wen  S^bUla,  iikeriis  conflmi  it. 


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S26  THE   CIVIL  AND    POLITICAL  PART    IV. 

et  non  sig^neta  aicut  ante  ista  tempora  fieri  consneTit."*  In  obserr- 
aDce  of  this  law,  Gentlemen  sent  their  seals  to  the  Court  iD  lead, 
which  the  clerk  kept  by  him.  To  seal  Bonds,  Deeds,  and  Convey- 
ances, was  the  custom,  till  anno  1540.  Then,  besides  sealing,  the 
granter's  manual  subscription,  or  that  of  a  notary,  was  made  neces- 
sary.    To  return  from  this  digression. 

We  had  several  Thanes  in  this  Province.  Concerning'  Uiese, 
FoRDUN  writes,  "Antiquitus  consueverant  Reges  suis  dare  militi- 
bus,  plus  aut  minus  de  terris  suis  in  Feodifirmam,  alicujus  Provincise 
portionem  vel  Thanagium, — nam  eo  tempore,  totum  pene  regnum 
dividebatur  in  Thanagiis.  De  quibus  cuique  dedit  prout  placuit, 
vel  singulis  annis  ad  firmam,  ut  agricolis, — vel  ad  decern  annorum, 
seu  viginti,  seu  vitse  terminum,  cum  uno  saltern,  aut  duobus  heredi- 
bus,  ut  Liberis  et  Generosis;  Quibusdam  itaque,  sed  paucis,  in  per- 
petuum,  ut  militibus,  Thanis,  principibas.''-f  Probably  these  Thanes 
were  at  first  the  King's  servants,  (so  the  word  signifies),  or  officers 
in  provinces  and  countries,  and  during  pleasure  only,  or  for  life. 
But,  afterwards,  the  title  and  the  lands  granted  to  them  were  made 
hereditary.  In  the  Highlands,  they  were  termed  Mormhaor,  i.  e.  a 
Great  Officer;  and  hence,  probably,  came  Martu  cotnitattu  Regi». 
They  were  likewise  called  Toache,  (from  Tu».  i.  e.  First),  that  is, 
^'  Principal  Persons,  Primores." 

In  this  Province  we  had — The  Thane  of  Moray, — of  whom  I 
know  no  more,  but  that  the  lands  of  Ligate,  Newton,  ArdgaoiUr, 


*  Erery  Baron,  ftnd  anjr  other  holding  of  the  King,  (hall  have  his  proper  Seftl,  and  aacb  m  shall  not 
hkre  It,  (hall  be  liable  in  the  King'*  fine.  And  what  are  Sealed  shall  be  alK>  Signed,  as  used  to  be  dens 
tn  fnmier  times. 

t  Kings,  in  ancient  times,  used  to  gnnt  to  their  soldiers  more  or  less  of  their  lands  in  feu-fium,— a 
part  of  lome  Prurioce  or  Thanedom ;  for,  in  that  eta,  die  whole  kingdom,  almoit,  iras  dirided  into 
Thanedoms— of  wbidi  he  gave  to  aaj  one  jast  as  be  thought  fit.  Secured  either  from  year  to  year,  •• 
.to  Husbandmen ;  or  for  ten  yean ;  or  ibr  twenty ;  or  for  the  whole  life  with  to  one,  or  at  most  to  tuft 
lieirs,«.as  to  Sops,  or  to  Sons-in-Law.  To  some,  howeTer,  bnt  to  very  few  in  perpetuity,  such  as  to 
Siqairea,  Tbuei,  or  Cbieftain*. 


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PART   IV.  HISTORY   OF   MORAY.  3S7 

&c.,  in  the  parishes  of  Spynie  and  Alves,  are  called  the  Thanedom 
of  Moray.  The  Thane  of  Brodie  and  Dyke  was,  probably,  the  an- 
cestor of  the  family  of  Brodie.  Thanus  de  Moithes  (probably  Moy 
or  Mojuess)  is  one  of  the  inquest,  in  estimating'  the  BaroDies  of  KiU 
ravock  and  Geddes.  But  I  know  no  more  of  that  Thanedom.  In 
the  year  1367,  Joannes  de  Dolais  was  Thane  of  Cromdale.  Whether 
or  not  he  was  the  Earl  of  Fife's  steward  or  factor  of  these  lands,  I 
know  not  An  account  of  the  Thanes  of  Calder  is  g;iven.  The 
succession  of  these  Thanes,  always  so  desig-ned,  continued  to  the 
year  1500 ;  and,  in  this  family,  the  title  of  Thane  was  honorary,  and 
not  official, — at  least  since  the  time  of  King^  Alexander  III.  I  ques- 
tion not  but  the  title  of  Thane  was  more  ancient  with  us,  than  the 
titles  of  honour  that  now  obtain.  Demfster  saya,  "  Malcolumbns 
tertius,  sublato  Maccabeeo  tyranno,  reg;num  legitime  sibi  debitum 
occupavit ;  quod  ut  ornaret  unica  cura  incubuit.  Tunc  et  a  Preediis 
nobilibus  nomina  quisque  sumpsit ;  et  cum  mag^na  frequensque  no- 
bititas  S.  Margaretam  ex  Hungaria  et  Anglia  secuta  in  Scotia  con- 
sedisset,  splendorem  suo  principatui  additurus,  Barones  et  Oomites 
creavit."* 

The  first  Duke  we  had  in  Scotland,  was  David,  son  of  Robert  III. 
BO  created  about  the  year  1397. 

The  first  Marquises  were,  John,  Marquis  of  Hamilton,  and  Georg;e, 
Marquis  of  Huntly,  so  created  in  one  day,— viz.  April  19,  1599. 

The  first  Earl  is  said  to  have  been  Macduff,  made  Earl  of  Fife 
about  the  year  1057 ;  but  the  laws  of  Malcolm  II.  mention  Comites, 
in  his  reig;n. 


*  Upon  the  mnrder  of  (he  tyrant  MMbelh,  Malcalm  III.  sdzed  on  the  kingdom  u  hb  Uirfnl  Inherit- 
ance, and  eamntljr  applied  him*eirto  make  it  reapectsble  and  honourable.  Then  it  was,  that  those  who 
had  been  ennobled  fur  their  military  teirlcei,  anumed  the  titles  of  their  respeclin  domains ;  and,  that 
hemight  add  a  fresh  splendour  to  his  rdgn,  he  create^  Lords  and. Earls, — the  nnmeroiu  asd  hoble  re(l> 
WW  irtich  accompanied  St  Hargaiet  from  Uungary  and  England  to  Scotlatid. 


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dyd  THE   CIVIL  AMD    POUTICAL  PART    IV. 

The  first  Viscount  was,  Thomas,  Lord  Ersktne,  created  Lor4  Vi9- 
eotmt  Fenton,  anno  1606. 

How  early  we  had  Lords  or  Barons,  either  by  tenure  or  writ,  I 
find  not.  It  is  certfun  we  had  such,  named  Leg.  MaJc.  cap.  8.  But 
Lords,  by  Patent,  we  had  not  before  the  reign  of  Mary,  or  Junes  VI. 

f  now  come  to  consider  our  counties. 

In  France,  the  King's  Officer  who  judged  in  allodiid  lands,  was 
«called  Cornea,  and  the  district  in  which  he  judged,  ComitatuB,  uid 
his  Deputy,  Vicecomes.  In  England  the  King's  Officer  was  called 
iteve  And  Sckreve,  and  (he  district  Shire.  In  Saxon,  Scire,  (from 
Set/ran,  to  divide),  is  a  division ;  and  Sher^,  Scirfferf,  is  the  Gerif, 
Reve,  or  Officer  of  a  Skire.  Hence,  probably,  some  lands  of  Elgio* 
Forres,  Ssc.  are  called  Greghip-lattds,  because  they  were  the  salary 
-of  the  Gerif  or  Sheriff.  How  early  this  Province  was  divided  into 
shires  or  counties,  I  find  not.  It  now  takes  in  a  part  of  the  shire  of 
Inverness,  the  whole  shires  of  Nairn,  Elgin,  and  a  part  of  the  shire 
of  Banff. 

The  shire  or  county  of  Inverness,  within  this  Province,  comfMre- 
hends  the  parishes  of  Inverness,  Kirkhill,  Kiltarlatie,  Urquhart,  Bole- 
skin,  Durris,  Cromdale,  Alvie,  Rothiemurchus,  Kingusie,  Laggan. 
Ardersier,  and  the  greatest  part  of  Petty,  Croy,  Daviot,  Danliefatie, 
Moy,  Dalrasie,  and  a  part  of  Dnthil.  It  stands  the  ninteenth  in  the 
Roll  of  Parliament  It  appears,  that  there  were  Vjcecomites  or 
Sheriffs  of  Inverness,  in  the  reign  of  David  I. ;  and  all  the  countries 
•north  of  the  Forth,  being  divided  into  districts,  for  the  more  regular 
administration  of  justice,  Inverness  was  one  of  the  "  Loca  Capitdia 
ficotise  Comitatuum,  per  totum  regnum."  The  other  capital  places 
were  Scoon,  Dalginsh.  Perth,  Forfar,  and  Aberdeen.  Ross,  includ- 
ing Sutherland  and  CaiUinesa,  and  all  Moray,  answered  at  Inver- 
ness. We  cannot  infer  ficom  the  words,  '  Loca  Capitalia  Comita- 
taam,'  that  the  counties  were  erected  at  that  time  as  they  now  are. 
Comitfitus,  as  that  of  Randolph,  Earl  of  Moray,  comprehended  aeve- 


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PART  lY.  HI8T0RV  OF   MORAY.  2M 

ral  of  the  pre§ent  conAties ;  and  Loca  CapUalia  were  the  towns  in 
'wluofa  the  Cormtea  kept  their  coorts.  It  is  ordained,  (Pari.  6.  James 
/F.»  etTvho  1503),  "  That  the  Justices  and  Sheriff  of  the  North-Isles 
have  their  seat  and  place  in  Inremess  or  IHngwidl;  that  Mamore 
and  Lochaher  come  to  Uie  Aire  or  Justiee-Coart  of  InTemess ;  and. 
because  the  Sheriffdom  of  Inverness  is  too  great,  that  there  be  a 
Sheriff  made  of  Ross,  who  shall  have  Aill  Jurisdiction,  and  shall  «t 
at  Tain  or  Dingwall.  And  that  there*  be  a  Sheriff  at  Cfuthness,  who 
shall  have  jurisdiction  of  the  hful  diocese  of  Caithness,  and  shall  ait 
St  Dornoch  or  Wick,  and  the  shires  of  Ross  and  Caithness  shall  an- 
swer to  the  Justice  Aire  of  Caithness." 

The  Sherifiship  c^  Inverness  was  granted  hereditably  to  the  Earl 
of  Huntly  by  the  King's  chuter,  anno  1508,  with  a  power  to  name 
Deputies  within  the  bounds  of  Ross,  Caithness,  Lochaber,  and  other 
distant  parts.  And  in  1583,  the  Earlof  Huntly  disponed  to  the  Earl 
of  Sutherland,  the  Sheriffship  of  Sutherland,  in  exchange  for  the 
lands  of  Aboyne  and  Glentanir,  the  Patrimonial  estate  of  Adam 
Oordon,  son  to  Huntly,  who  married  the  heiress  of  Sutherland.  And 
the  Marquis  of  Huntly  having  resigned  the  Sheriffship  of  Inverness 
into  the  King's  hands,  anno  1638,  there  was  a  mutual  contract  b^ 
tween  the  King  aad  the  Earl  of  Sutherland,  in  1631,  whereby  the 
Earl  reeagned  the  Regality  and  Sheriffship  of  Sutherland  for  a  sum 
of  money ;  but  retained  possession*  by  way  of  mcH>tgage,  until  the 
money  should  be  paid.  And  the  King  dismembered  the  Sherifl^hip 
of  Sutherland  from  that  of  Inverness,  and  erected  Sutherland  into  a 
separate  county,  comprehending  the  lands  of  Sutherland,  Assint, 
Strathnavir,  Edirdachaolis,  Dinmess,  Strathaladale,  and  Ferincos- 
carie,  in  Slioschaolis,  fuid  appointed  Dornoch  to  be  Uie  H^ad-Burgh 
of  the  Shire, — which  was  ratified  in  Parliament,  anno  1633. 

King  Charles  I.,  under  pretence  of  the  general  revocation  in  the 
beginning  of  every  reign,  made  an  attack  upon. all  the  beritaMe 
offices  and  jurisdictions  that  had  been  granted,  posterior  to  the  Par- 

3M 


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380  THE  CIVIL  AND   POLITICAL  PART   IV. 

liament,  1455.  And  the  Marquis  of  Hantly  resigned  the  Sheriifsbip 
of  Invernesa  and  Aberdeen,  in  1628.  for  a  compensation  of  £5.000 
Sterling.  But  the  shire  of  Ross  was  not  divided  from  that  of  Inver- 
ness, .and  the  bounds  of  it  fixed,  before  the  year  1661. 

The  legal  valuation  of  the  Shire  of  Inverness  is  £73,188*  Os. 
Scots. 

The  County  of  Nairn  lies  all  within  this  Province,  and  compre- 
hends the  parishes  of  Nairn.  -  Aldem,  Calder,  and  Ardclach,  and 
some  parts  of  the  parishes  of  Croy.  PetUe,  Daviot.  and  Moy.  The 
lands  of  Ferntosh,  in  Ross,  are  likewise  within  this  county,  having 
been  a  part  of  the  Thanedom  of  Calder.  (Ferina  Toahe  signifies 
the  Thane's  land),  which,  by  a  special  privilege,  was  all  in  the 
county  of  Nairn.  And  on  this  account,  Culloden,  as  Baron  of  Fern- 
tosh, votes  in  elections  of  Parliament  for  the  county  of  Nairn.  This 
county  stood  the  twentieth  in  the  Roll  of  Parliament. 

At  what  time  Nairn  was  erected  into  a  distinct  county,  I  find  not 
In  a  charter  of  the  Thanedom  of  Calder,  anno  1310,  it  is  called 
Thanagivm  de  Calder  infra  vicecomitatvm  de  Innemaim.  Donald, 
Thane  of  Calder,  as  heir  to  his  father,  Andrew,  was  infeft  in  Che 
office  of  Sheriff  of  the  Shire,  and  Constable  of  the  Castle  of  Nairn, 
anno  1406.  In  the  year  1443,  Alexander  de  Yle,  £ar1  of  Rb8s> 
directed  a  Precept  to  the  Deputy-Sheriff  of  Inverness,  his  BailifiTiB 
that  part,  for  infefting  William  de  Kaldor,  as  heir  to  his  father, 
Donald,  in  the.  Sheriffship  of  Nairn,  held  of  him  in  capite.  The 
Earl  of  Ross  being  forfeited  in  the  year  1476,  the  Thane  of  CalSer 
held  the  Sheriffship  of  the  King  in  capite,  and  that  office  continued 
heritably  in  the  family  of  Calder  till  the  year  1747.  The  \egaX 
valuation  of  the  county  of  Nairn  is  about  £16,000  Scots. 

The  county  of  Moray,  or  of  Elgin  and  Forres,  is  all  within  this 
Province,  and  the  parishes  it  comprehends,  in  whole  or  in  part,  may 
be  seen  in  the  valuation  Roll.  But  though  Easter  Moy,  in  the 
parish  of  Dyke,  pays  Cess  in  the  county  of  Moray,  it  is  a  part  of  th^ 


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PART   IT.  HISTORY   OF    MORAY.  381 

county  of  Nairn,  md  Thanedom  of  CaldCr.  The  county  of  Moray 
was  the  thirtieth  in  the  Roll  of  the  Scot's  Parliament. 

I  find  not,  at  what  time  this  county  was  erected,  or  how  early  it 
had  Counts  and  Sherifis.  In  a  charter  granted  by  Eva  Morthac. 
Domina  de  Rothes,  to  Archibald,  Bishop  of  Moray,  anno  1363,  "  D. 
C^lbertus  Roule  Afiles^  Vicecomes  de  £lg;yn."  is  a  witness.  Sir 
Thomas  Randolph,  £afl  of  Moray,  was  Hereditary  Sheriff  of  this 
county ;  and  so  were  his  successors  in  the  Earldom,  till  upon  the 
demise  of  Earl  James  Dunbar,  his  son,  Alexander  of  Westfield,  un- 
justly deprived  of  the  Earldom,  was  made  hereditary  Sheriff  of 
Moray;  and  the  office  continued  in  his  family  till  the  year  1734, 
when  Lndovick  Dunbar  of  West6eld  sold  it  to  Charles,  Earl  of 
Moray,  for  £25,000  Scots.  The  Earls  of  Moray  were  principal 
Sherifis  from  that  time  till  the  year  1747. 

The  legal  valuation  of  this  Shire  is  about  £85.603  Scots. 

I  do  not  find  that  any  one  wiUiin  this  Province  had  an  Heritable 
J«8ticiu*y.  But  Hereditai-y  Regalities,  both  Ecclesiastical  and 
Cinl,  were  numerous.  I  shall,  in  the  Ecclesiastic  part,  connder 
tbe  former,  and  here  only  the  latter.  Regality  is  a  Jurisdiction, 
which  the  Lord  thereof  has  in  all  his  own  lands,  equal  to  the  Justi- 
ciary in  Criminals ;  for  he  judges  in  the  four  pleas  of  die  Crown, 
and  equal  to  the  Sheriff  in  Civil  causes.  Randdph,  Earl  of  Moray, 
had  the  whole  Coinitatus  erected  into  a  Regality  in  his  &vour,  as 
his  charter  bears.  George,  the  first  Duke  of  Gordon,  had  all  his 
lands'  erected  into  a  Regality,  and  this  engrossed  in  his  Patent  of 
Duke,  anno  1684,  by  which  his  power  of  jurisdiction  was  great  and 
extennve.  Ludovick  Grant  of  Grant  got  a  power  of  Regality  in  all 
his  lands,  in  the  year  1600.  The  Earl  of  Moray  claimed  the  ofiice 
of  Lord  of  Regality  over  the  Citadel  of  Inverness.  Lord  Lovat  was 
Lord  ^f  the  Regality  of  Lovat.  The  Ecclesiastical  Regalities  of 
Spynie,  Ktnloss,  Pluscarden,  Urquhart,  Grangehill,  and  Ardermer, 


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S38  THE    CiriL  AMD    POLrTfCAL  PART  IT. 

cimie  after  the  BeformatioM  into  the  haads  of  Iaicel*  And  even  id 
time  of  Popery,  Nobteraoi  and  GentlemeD  f<ot  themselTes  made 
Hereditaiy  Bailives  of  B^tdity  in  dmrdi  lands.  The  family  of 
£iordon  cUimed  the  Bailiery  oi  the  Regality  of  Spynie,  because  this 
office  fraa,  by  King'  James  VI^  conferred  on  Lord  Spynie ;  and 
when  that  &mily -became  extinct.  King  Charles  II.,  as  ZTkimmt 
Haerem,  disponed  the  Reality  to  the  Earl  of  Airly,  ^riio  conveyed  it 
to  the  family  of  Gordon.  Several  sach  dauns  will  be  mentioned, 
iriien  I  ^wak  of  the  abidishing:  Hereditary  Jurisdictions  in  the  year 
1747. 

The  jurisdicticMi  of  Barons  or  Freeholders  was  very  andeat.  By 
the  L^e»  Malcolmi,  Barons  had  titeir  court,  and  might  ju^e  of  litb 
and  limb ;  and  in  Capital  crimes  they  got  the  escheat  of  their  vassals, 
except  in  the  four  pleas  of  the  Crown.  And  the  milites  or  vassals 
of  Freeholders,  even  sub-vassoles,  or  vassals  of  the  milites,  had  their 
courts,  but  could  not  judge  of  lith  and  limb,  but  only  of  wrong  and 
nnlandt.  If  a  Baron  be  infeft  cum  Curua  et  blodrntu,  he  may  judg<e 
ef  riots  and  blood-wits ;  and  if  he  hdds  of  the  Crown  cum  Purca  et 
Foma,  i.  e.  '  Pit  and  Ciallows,*  his  power  is  very  ample.  We  had, 
likewise,  in  this  country.  Hereditary  ConstaUes,  of  whom  I  ^all 
speak  in  the  Militaxy  HistiMry. 

Thus  we  have  seen,  that  our  Kings,  very  early,  gave  away  Ae 
Crown  lands,  which  made  them  dependent  on  their  Nobles ;  and  the 
want  of  property  was  attended  with  the  want  of  juri»diction.  They 
made  hereditary  Sheritfs.  Chamberlains^  and  Constables ; — erected 
hereditary  Regalities  and  Justiciaries ; — and,  at  last,  by  one  grant, 
made  the  office  of  Justiciary  of  Scotland  hereditary  in  the  fiunily  of 
Argyle.    When  our  Kings  became  sensible  of  their  error,  they  gra- 


•  Kli«JiimVl.gM«todM)Eari«rD«Bfaiiiline,auuicdlor,(ittIU«BUtrorUiq«lnrt,wliid^ 
Duke  of  Gofdon  obtelned. 


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PAET  IV.  HISTORY    OF    HOIU7.  S3S 

dually  weakened  the  Feudal  Courts.  Ean^  James  V.  instituted  the 
CoartofSeasion;  James  VI.  appointed  Justices  of  the  Peace;  Charles 
I.  purchased  hack  the  Justiciary  of  Scotlaod.  when  the  Court  of 
Justiciary  was  erected.  Yet  there  remained  many  Hereditary  Juris- 
dictions, and  too  much  power  in 'the  hands  of  Great  Men,  and  Chiefe 
of  Cluia,  which  was  often  ahused,  in  perverting-  Justice,  and  encou- 
raging- insurrecti<nis  and  rebellions^, .,  This  was  so  manifest  in  the  re- 
bellion 1745  and  1746,  that  the  £arl  of  Hardwick,  Lord  Chancellor, 
planned  the  Juiisdiction  Act,  in  1747>  which  has  abolished  some, 
and  limited  others,  of  such  of  the  Territorial  Jurisdictions  as  were 
found  dangerous  to  the  community,  and  made  the  power  of  judging 
in  the  general  official- 
It  was  referred  to  the  Lords  of  Session  by  the  Ptu-Iiament,  to  con- 
sider the  validity  of  the  claims  for  Heritable  Jurisdictions,  and  to 
determine  the  compensation  that  should  be  given  t6  the  Proprietors. 
They  rejected  many  claims,  because : — 

I.  Some  RegiUities  were  erected  unce  the  year  1455,  byt  not 
g^ranted  in  Parliament,  or  confirmed  by  it>  as  the  Act  43,  that  year, 
requires. 

II.  Some  Jurisdictions  were  lo&t.  non  utendo,  and  prescripti<m 
took  {dace. 

III.  Some  Jurisdictions  were  found  split  into  parts,  which  the 
'Lords  of  them  had  no  rig^t  to  do.     And, 

fV.  The  Sherifibhip  of  Inverness  was  resigned  to  the  Crown, 
anno  1628,  for  jC3,500  Sterling.  And  it  was  presumed  the  price 
was  paid.  What  the  Proprietors  of  Jurisdictions  within  this  Pr6-' 
^nce  asked,  and  what  the  Lords  of  Session  judged  should  be  given, 
and  was  actddly  given,  in  compensation,  is  as  follows : — 

.     3  N       - 


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334 


THE   CIVIL  AND    POLITICAL 


CompentaiioM.'  CompeiuaUou 
Sought  Granted. 


Ddeb  or  Gordon, 


Earl  or  Moray, 
Laird  or  Caldbr, 


Earl  of  Sutbrrlakd, 

Lord  Braco, 

Sib  LODOvtcx  Gradt, 

Catbol, 

LOTAT, 

Lkthik, 
Oramqehill, 


For  Ihe  RefEility  of  Urquturt, 

For  the  Bailiery  of  the  Rcgillty  of  Spynie, 

For  the  Bkiliery  of  the  Hi^ity  of  KintoM, 

For  th«  CoDitBhulBiy  of  iDTcmeu  Castle, 

For  the  Sberiffihip  of  Moray,      -    - 

For  the  Regalitv  of  laTerneH  Citadel, 

For  the  SheriMiip  of  Nbitd, 

For  the  ConiUbulary  thereof,     - 

For  the  Re)i«Ut)'  of  Ardersier,    - 

For  tiw  Reality  in  Strathoarir, 

For  the  R^li^  of  PluKarden, 

For  Ihe  Reoalily  of  Grant,     -    - 

For  llie  Bailiery  of  Regality  there, 

For  the  Retcalt^  of  Lovat,      -    - 

For  the  Regali^  of  Kmloss,  •    - 

For  the  RcRali^  of  Grangehill,  • 


10,(X» 

o 

2,300 

o 

1,000 

2,000 

0 

1,S00 

300 

S,000 

1,000 

3,000 

SOO 

600 

100 

1,000 

6,000 

1,000 

166 

0 

4,000 

• 

SOO 

o 

42,066 

4 

0 

The  heritable  jurisdictions  beings  taken  oat  of  the  hands  of  sub- 
jects, and  being  annexed  to  the  Crown,  the  courts  of  judicature,  kept 
now  within  this  Province,  are : — 

I.  The  Circuit,  or  Justiciary  Court,  which  sits  twice  every  year» 
and  the  judges  femun  six  days  in  the  town  at  each  circuit 

II.  The  Sheriff-Court  The  King  appoints  a  deputy,  who  must 
be  an  advocate  of  at  least  three  years',  standing ;  and  must  reside 
four  months  in  the  year  within  his  district, — ^the  deputy  may  appoint 
substitutes.  The  Sheriff  of  Inverness  is  allowed  a  salary  of  £250; 
one  Sheriff  for  Moray  and  Nairn  counties  at  £150  of  salary ;  and  the 
like  for  the  Sheriff  of  Banff.  The  deputy  pays  the  salary  of  his  sub- 
stitutes. No  fine,  forfeiture,  or  penalty,  shall  belong  to  t&e  Sheriff, 
but  his  share  belongs  to  the  King ;  and  no  sentence-money  shall  be 
taken ;  but  by  this  the  subject  has  no  ease,  for  the  fees  allowed  to 
clerks  and  other  officers,  by  acts  of  Sederunt,  are  very  high. 

III.  The  Justice  of  Peace-Court. 

IV.  The  Baron-Court,  for  receiving  and  enrolling  Barons. 


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HISTORY    OF    MOBAY.- 


235 


y.  The  Coortofthe  Commissionersof  Supply,  for  regulating' what 
concerns  the  land-tax  and  window-tax,  for  ordering  the  high-ways 
and  public  roads,  for  granting  salaries  to  schools,  &c. 

yi.  The  Coramissary  or  Conaistorial  Court,  at  Elgin  and  Inver- 
ness.    And, 

yil.  The  Baron-Court  of  those  who  hold  their  land  cum  curiig. 
Such  have  no  jurisdiction  in  any  criminal  causes,  except  small  crimes, 
for  which  ^e  punishment  shall  not  exceed  a  fine  of  30«.  Sterling,  or 
three  hours  in  the  stocks,  in  the  day  time,  or  a  month's  imprison- 
ment on  not  paying  the  fine;  nor  in  civil  causes. exceeding  40». 
Sterling,  except  in  rents  and  multures.  No  person  shall  be  imprison- 
ed without  a  written  commitment  recorded  in  the  court  books ;  and 
the  prison  shall  have  such  windows  and  gates,  as  that  any  friend  may 
visit  the  prisoner. 

I  shall  now  conclude  what  regards  the  counties,  with  a  list  of  the 
Barons  enrolled,  who  have  votes  in  electing  Members  of  Parliament 


ROLL  OF  BARONS, 

In  the  Shire  of  Banff  within  this  Province. 


TheEorlofFifei 

Sir  Lndoviek  Grant  of  Grant ; 


WiUiam  Grant  of  BallindaJacb ; 
Alexander  Grant  of  Achcunonie. 


In  the  Shire  of  Moray. 


The  Earl  of  Fife; 
3aiaen  Viscount  Macdaflf; 
Sir  Robert  Gordon  of  Gordonetovn ; 
Sir  Harry  Innes  of  Innes; 
Sir  Ladovick  Grant  of  Grant ; 
Sir  William  Dunbar  of  Westfield ; 
Sir  Alexander  Grant  of  Dalvev ; 
WUliam  Grant  of  Bellmdaiacu ; 
James  Grant  of  Kuockondo ; 
James  Grant  of  Wester  Elchies ; 
.    Alexander SrodieofBrodie; 
Alexander  Brodie  of  Lethin ; 
Alexander  Brodie  of  Wjndy-Hilla ; 


James  Brodie  of  Spynie ; 

Colonel  FrsjQciB  Stewart  of  Pittenriach  ; 

Archibald  Dunbar  of  Newton  ; 

James  Robertson  of  Bisbopmill ; 

Robert  Anderson  of  Linkwood ; 

John  Innes  of  Leuchara ; 

Mr  James  Spence  of  Kirktovn ; 

Geor^  Cumming  of  Altyre; 

Alexander  Tulloch  of  Tanacbie ; 
.jDoncan  Urmihart  of  Burd^'arda  } 
-Joseph  Dunbar  of  Grange; 

Hugh  Rose  <^  Kilrarock. 


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THE  CIVIL  AMD   POLITICAL 


Jn  ihe  Skire  of  Nairn. 


Joba  Campbell  of  Colder ; 
Piyce  Campbell  of  Bog^cde ; 
Alexander  Brodie  of  Brodie^ 
James  Si^erituid  of  Kiiutsne ; 
Alexander  Brodie  of  Lethin ; 


Akxander  Dimbftr  of  Bocdb; 
Hugh  Bom  of  KilMvock ; 
Hugh  Rose  of  Clava; 
icim  Totim  ofCnllodeii. 


In  the  Skire  of  Im»me$8  within  thi»  Provmoe. 


JEneoB  MacintoBb  of  Macintosh  ; 
Sir  iJudoTiek  Grant  of  Grant; 
James  Giant  of  Rothiemurchua ; 
John  Campbell  of  Colder; 
PiTce  Campbell  of  Durrb ; 
John  Forb^  of  CuUoden ; 
Srodetidi  Chisholm  of  Coiner ; 


John  Cuthbert  of  Caatlehill;. 
John  BoberlWB  of  Inches;       ''' 
George  Row  of  Kilmvlies ; 
Will^DnffofMuirton;    ' 
Hn^  Frasfr  of  Ihuibalad) ; 

FraserOfFohir; 

Alexander  AJacdonj^  of  Olengur. 


This  was  the  Roll  for  1760;  and  the  following  is  the  Roll  for 
I82e:— 

In  the  Shire  qf  Ban^  mithin  thia  Pr&einoe,    ' 


TheEatlofFife; 
Hob.  Col.  F.  W.  Grant  ofGranl ; 
G.  M.  Grant ofBallindallocb; 
Chas.  Grant  of  Wester  Elchies  i 


LientXol.  D.  M.  Grant  of  Amdfllr; 
William  Macdowal  Grant  of  Eden*illey 

and  Ailtenway ; 
Patrick  Stewart  of  Auchlimcart. 


In  the  Shire  of  Moray, 


Hon.  Ool.  rrancis  Willtanl  Grant  of 

Grant,  M.F. ; 
Gen.  Sit  Jamea  Duff  (^  Kinstair,  Kt ; 
John  Brandor  of  PitgavigBf ; 
Wm.  Leslie  of  Balnageith ; 
Sir  A.  Diinbv  of  Northfield,  B. ; 
L.  D.  Brodk  of  Burgie  and  Lediin ; 
Stewart  Soater  of  Mdrose ; 
Junes  Earl  of  Fife; 
Geor^  Cummitag  of  Lottdon ; 
C  Grant  of  Wester-Elchiea ; 
Geo.  M.  Grant  of  Ballindallocif; 
M^oTGeorge  Duff  of  Milton ; 
Rich.  W,  Duffof  Orton; 
J.  P.  Grant  of  Rothtemnrchas,  M.P. ; 
Bir  W.  G.  G.  Camming  of  Altjrie  and 

Gord<Mistiiwii,  B.; 
William  Brodie  of  HiUtn ; 


Hon.  Lient-Gen.  A.  Poffo^Leqichais; 

Captain  Jamea  Doff  Maduijr ; 

Wm.  F.  rhrtler  of  Balnain ; 

Ber.  Dr.  F.  Niocd  of  Balfillo ; 

J.  H.  Forbes  of  Seot^tonhill ; 

C.  L.  Camming  Bmc«  of  Bioat-UJe ; 

Miyor   Alex.   Francis  Tajlor  of  Mo. 


Wm.  Stewart  oflsTertl^e; 
H.  A.  J.  MimreofN'orat'; 
Norman'  Macleod  of  Dalref ; 
Wm.  Young  of  Buwfaead ; 
CapL  G.  Grant  Royal  ffavy ; 
Peter  Brown  erf  Dunkinty : 
P.  Stewart  of  Gdiaban;fa,  Bsq. ; 
&  Qrtui^  Esq.  of  Kincoitfi ; 
James  Hiirraf  Grant,  Esq.  ofCHenmoriB- 
ton  and  Moy.  ' 


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PiLKT  it.  UlitTOKr  OP  MORAY. 

Ih  the  Shire  of  Pfaim. 


«T 


Sir  A.  Gnst  of  Dalrn,  B. ; 

lienuGen.  Sir  H.  V.  Cunpbd.  KX)X. ; 

James  Macphareon  at  Anter^er: 

U.  Trotter  ^  Hortonbidl ; 

nos.  Trotter,  WS. 

T).  O.  Forbes  of  Culloden; 

Hugh  Rose  of  Kilrarock; 

Lewis  Dnabar  Biodie  sf  Baagle  aoA 

Letbin; 
Sir  James  X>anbu  of  BoaA^B^  Captain 

E.N.; 


Hoa.  William  Howard,  MP. ; 
Chaa.  CuDpbeU,  Capt  RJT. ; 
Ceorj^  Macandrew  at  Tonlch : 
AlekaaderCampbdl  at  Cawdor; 
Sir  Jamfs  Af acintps^,  Kt,  MJ>. ; 
Lieat^oL  Alexander  Hay  of  Wester. 

towfi; 
Hon.  George  PryceCampbdl,  Capt  E.N, 

William  Brodie  of  ^rodie ; 
J.  A.  Stewart  of  S«afoith. 


In  the  Shire  of  Invemeea  roithin  thie  Province. 


Baa.  CUL  F.  W.  Chant  ^Qtant ; 

A.  Macintosh  of  Macintoali ; 

J.  P.  Grant  of  RotlueaniiTofaiu ;    ' 

Col  A.  Macdonald  of  Glengarjr ;. 

SimDii  Fraaer  of  Foyers ; 

H.  R.  Dvff  of  Muirtown ; 

D.  G.  Forbes  of  Culloden ; 


J.  U.  Grant  (^G]f!iu«oBtBtan; 

G,  Macpheraon  Grant  of  BallindaUdi 

and  Inverediip; 
W.  P.  Tytler,  AdrofMte,  Sheriff-Depnto 

of  Invemess-shlre ; 
L.  Macintosh  of  Raigmon ; 
The  Rev.  G.  Mackay,  Minister  of  RaffntL 


I  now  eome  to  jconnder  the  Burg^hs,  both  Koyal  and  Barony. 

The  Ro^  Bargfas  within  this  Provioee  are,  Inverness,  Glgio, 
Nairn*  and  Forres.  The  Le^  MaXcolmi  describe  th«  office  of  the 
Chunberlain,  wbo  had  jurisdiction  over  the  Burghs,  fie  had,  at 
that  time,  for  his  sidary,  "  Duceata*  Ubras  per  anpuin,  de  £achetis 
^Ku^ram,  T<doneid  et  cuetomia  Burgorum."*  In  the  year  1579,  the 
Parliament  appointed  Commisuoaers  4;o  detemiine  the  antiquity  and 
pnori^  of  the  Burghs ;  but  what  their  determinatioD  was  I  know 
n<d.  In  the  B(^  of  the  Burghs,  laremess  is  the  seventeenth  in 
order,  El@^  the  :ttwty-fouj:tb,  Nairn  the  forty-tbdrd.  and  Forres  the 
ferty-fonrdi. 

The  antiqutty  of  Uke  Burg^  «€  [nveniess  oannot  be  qoestion^^, 
tlnMg^  me  pay  .no  Regard  to  Boetius'  febuloue  story*  tbM  iit  yfWt 


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V»  THE    CIVIL  AND    POLITICAL  ^ART    IV. 

founded  by  Fergus  I.  What  I  observed  from  the  Regiam  Majej^ta- 
teiii  ohon-9,  that  ttiis  town  was  considerable  in  the  reign  of  David  I. 
Buchannan  speaks  of  it  an  hundred  years  before  (hat  time. — viz. 
that  King  Duncan  was  murdered  in  Inverness,  by  Macbeth,  anno 
1039 ;  but  ill  this  he  ditfers  from  Fordun,  who  writes  that  King 
Duncan  was  wounded  at  Logisnan,  (perhaps  I^oggie,  in  Brae-Moray), 
and  was  carried  to  KIgin.  where  he  died.  An  older  than  either  of 
them  writes,  "Dunchath  filius  Mactrivi  Abthani  de  Dunkeld  et  Be- 
Ihoc  liliK  Malcomi  Maekiiiat,  interfectus  eat  a  Macbeth,  Macfinleg 
in  Bothgouanan."*  But  where  this  place  lies  I  know  not.  This 
town  has  an  ample  charter  from  James  VI.,  before  his  accession  to 
the  Crown  of  England,  referring  to  charters  granted  by  the  Kings, 
William,  Alexander  II.,  David  II.,  and  James  I., — ratifying  and 
confirming  all  the  rights,  privileges,  liberties,  and  immunities,  grant- 
ed by  these  Kings  to  the  Burgh,  particularly  the  |H>wer  of  constitut- 
ing a  Sheriff  in  the  town,  who  may  appoint  deputies,  and  of  naming 
acoroner.  I  have  placed  an  abstract  of  thischarterin  Ap.NoXXIM. 
Ihis  town,  being  the  key  of  the  Highlands  has  a  great  resort  and  a 
considerable  trade.  It  received  an  addition  of  buildings  and  trade, 
upon  Cromwell's  raising  a  Fort  there,  in  1653,  and  keeping  a  nume- 
rous Garrison,  to  awe  the  neighbouring  Highlands;  and  when,  in 
1663,  to  gratify  the  Highland  Chieftains,  that  Fort  was  demolished, 
some  of  the  hest  houses  in  town  were  built  of  the  materials  found  there. . 
The  town  U  governed  by  a  Common- Council  of  twenty-one  mem- 
bers,— viz.  a  Provost,  four  Bailies,  a  Treasurer,  Dean  of  Guild,  Dea-. 
con-Convener,  ten  Merchant  Councillors,  and  three  Deacons  of  trades. 
The  Sett  of  this  town  is  much  the  same  as  of  the  town  of  El^n,  af- , 
terwards  described.  They  have  a  weekly  market  on  Friday,  and  se- 
veral public  annual  fairs,  as  at  Martimas,  Candlemas,  Midsummer, 


T  Dnncan,  mn  or  Martrfvt,  SlRmpd  of  Dunknld,  uii)  of  Betboc,  (or  Bpatricr),  daughter  of  Malcom 
Uackiiut,  wu  iLun,  in  Bjtligouuuui,  by  ALwboUli  AUcfialeg. 


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PART   IT.  HISTOBY   OF    MORAY.  339 

Maryinas,  in  Au^ifd,   Boodmas,  in  September,  &c.,  and  eXery  fair 
Gonliiiues  for  three  days. 

Their  revenues  are  about  ;C300  Sterling:  yearly,  arising*  from  feu- 
duties  and  |>etty -customs.  Upon  buihling:  the  Bridg-e  of  Inverness/ 
the  Parliament,  in  1681,  empowered  them  to  receive  a  small  Toll,  to 
keep  it  in  repair.  The  town  is  the  seat  of  Ihe  courtMof  jnslice, — the 
Justiciary,  the  Sheriff,  the  CommiAsury,  the  Justices  of  Peace,  the 
Commissioners  of  Supply,  keep  their  Courts  there, — there,  likewise, 
are  the  Custom  and  Excise  Offices. 

The  Arms  of  the  Burg-h  are,  A  Camel  supported  by  two  Elephants.. 
Motto,  FIDELITAS  ET  CONCORDIA.* 

The  Burgh  of  Elgin  appears  to  have  been  a  considerable  town, 
with  a  Royal  Fort,  when  the  T)anes  landed  in  Moray,  about  anno 
1008.  The  earliest  charter  of  Guildry  I  have  seen  in  favour  of  this 
Burgh,  was  granted  by  Alexander  II.  as  follows  :  "Alexander  Dei 
gratia  Rex  Seotiue,  omnibus  probis  hominibus  totius  lerrse  suse  ^alu- 
tem.  Seiatts  Nos  concesstsse,  et  hac  Carta  nostra  confirmasse  Bur- 
gensihus  nostris  de  Elgyn,  ut  ipsi  ad  melioratioiiem  Burgi  nostri  de 
Elgyn  habeant  in  eodem  Burgo  Guildam  suam  mercatoriani,  adeo 
libere,  et  sicutaliqui  Burgorum  nostrorum  in  totu  regno  nnstro  Guil- 
dam suam  habent.  Testibus  Alano  Hnstiario,  Regmaldo  de  Cheyn 
Camerario,  Hugone  de  Abernethie,  Willielmoet  Bernardo  de  Monte 
Alto;  Alexandro  de  Moravia,  et  Willielmo  Bissel;  Apud  Elgyn 
vigesimo  octavo  die  Novembris,  anno  regni  nostri  vigesimo  1234. "-f 


*  Fidrlity  tnil  concord, 
t  Alexiader,  by  IhennU'e  of^ix^i  Klniof  8«ilUnd,  t<iall  tionmit  ni«i  health.     Knon- that  ttr  harie- 
granteil,  miiI,  by  thin  Chiirltr,  cunfirmnl  to  mir  Biircpisea  of  Elfcin,  that,  ftir  the  impraremnK  of  our  J 
BurKhuf  Elgin,  ihey  nijf  piniii  their  oh-u  Merchant  (iuil.l,  ai  (reaif.  mul  id  like  maaner.  u  any  of 
•nr  Butxhs  tliruni^Dul  the  milm  pmwsa  Ihi-ir  titiM  liiciirpuntiuQ.     Wiinem  AUn,  U«licr,  Rr^inald  of 
Cbryn,  Citnmbertaln,  Hugh  of  Abrmcthie,  William  ami  Bernard  ut'Muntiilln,  AlexuidflrorMunLrvXxl  ' 
Tilliam  Binet ;  at  Elgin,  Norember  tba  iBih,  and  20tb  year  of  wr  reign,  1S3I. 


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010  THE   CIVIL   AND    rOLITiCAL  MRT   IV. 

This  town  was  the  Manor  of  the  ComiUtos,  and  was  nbjMt  tntto 
Earls  of  Moray,  as  constables  of  the  Kmg''8  Fort  Jt^n  Dunbttr,  fiarl 
of  Moray,  by  his  charter,  May  1,  1390,  disobai^d  to  the  town  for 
ever,  the  assize  or  quantity  of  ale  whioh  ihey  were  boand  to  pay  him, 
ad  constable  of  the  Castle  of  £lgin.  ThwMs  Dunbar,  Eart  of  Moray, 
by  charter,  July  33,  1303,  granted  to  the  town  of  El^n,  all  the  wof^» 
doth,  and  oth«-  things,  that  go  by  ship  oat  of  his  harbour  of  ^p^y 
Qncnstomed.  'And  the  same  Earl  Thomas,  by  his  oharter,  October 
33,  1396,  confirmed  King:  Alexander's  charter  of  Goildry ;  and  so 
did  Earl  Archibald  Douglas,  by  his  charter  of  October  37,  1451. 
Charles  I.,  by  his  liharter,  dated  October  8,  1633,  ratified  and  con- 
firmed to  this  Burgh,  the  charters  granted  by  Alexander  II.,  Robert 
I.,  James  II.,  and  James  VI.,  with  ample  prtvilegoa,  liberties,  and 
immuDities,  of  which  I  have  given  an  abstract,  in  App.  No  XXIV. 
James  VI.  by  charter,  dated  February  29,  1630,  resumed  or  nur" 
rated  his  charter,  of  date  March  33,  1504,  to  tbe  Magistrates  «f 
Elgin,  of  the  hoajHtal  of  Maison  Dieu,  with  the  patronage  there^ 
and  all  the  lands  belonging  to  it,  fw  sustaining  the  poor  in  the  aud 
bo^ital,  and  sustaining  a  qualified  master  of  mnsie,  and  fieifonning 
tbe  ordinary  services  in  the  oburch  of  the  Burgh. 

The  Government  of  the  Burgh  will  t^ipear  from  tbe  -Settor  Bvle 
of  Government,  ratified  by  -tiie  ConveBlioQ  of  Burghs,  Ju^  8, 1706 ; 
in  the  heads  and  articles  following:— 

I.  The  Town-Council  shall  consist  of  seveoteen  Members,  includ* 
Ing  tbe  Deacon-Convener  and  two  Deacons  &f  Trades. 

II.  These  two  Deacons  shall  be  chosen  by  tbe  Council. 

III.  Hie  New  Council  shall  be  elected  annually,  on  Monday  im- 
mediately preceeding  Michaelmas. 

IV.  The  Magistrates  and  oth^  Office-Bearers  shall  be  eleeted  « 
Toesday  thereafter. 

V.  There  shall  be  aunaaUy.pat  off,  three  of  the  Qoildry,  aftd  two 
oftiie^FndM. 


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FABT  It;  HIBTOfiY  OF   MORAY.  841; 

VI:  Orie  Provost,  fuur  Bailies,  a  Treasurer,  and  other  Office- 
Bearersj  ahall  be  chosen. 

VII.  The  Provost  shall  not  continue  in  office  above  three  years. 
nor  the  Bailies,  Dean  of  Gaild,  or  Treasurer,  above  two,  and  they 
may  be  chang;«d  yearly. 

VIII.  When  theseare  pat  off  their  offices,  they  shall  be  continued 
<ffi  the  Council  for  the  next  year. 

IX.  The  old  Council  shall  choose  the  new.  and  both  the  old  and 
new  shall  choose  the  Mag'istretes  and  office-bearers.  In  the  week 
preceeding,  the  Incorporate  Trades  choo»e  their  Deacons,  and,  on 
Saturday,  three  of  every  Trade  meet,  and  leet  three  of  Iheir  number, 
of  which  three  the  Council,  on  Monday,  chooses  one  for  Convener. 

X.  None  may  be  elected  but  Residenters  and  Burgesses,  who 
bear  Scot  and  Xot. 

XI.  The  Councillors  shall  choose,  annually,  out  of  their  own 
nomber,  five  Asseraors  to  the  Dean  of  Guild,  whereof  three  with  the 
Dean  shall  be  a  quorum. 

Xn.  The  Council  shall  choose  6fteen  persons,  not  of  Iheir  own 
body,  whereof  two  of  the  Trades,  for  Stent  Masters,  who  shidl  be 
sworn  dejtdeli,  and  nine  make  a  quorum. 

XIII.  No  Stent,  except  the  public  Cess,  ^all  be  imposed,  with- 
out the  consent  of  a  Head  Court 

XIV.  On  the  second  Tuesday  of  September,  yearly,  a  Head 
Cotirt  shall  be  called,  and  the  state  of  the  Burgh,  and  the  Magis- 
trates' management  of  the  common  good,  shall  be  laid  before  them. 
and  the  books  and  accounts  shall  lie  on  the  Council  table  for  twenty 
days,  preceeding  the  Head  Court;  for  the  satis&ction  of  all  cort- 
oemed. 

The  town  is  the  scat  of  the  Courts  of  Justice,  where  the  Sheriff. 
Commissary,  Justices  of  Peace,  Commissioners  of  Supply,  and  the 
Barons,  hold  their  public  meetings  and  courts.  They  have  a  week- 
ly market- on  Friday,  and  annual   Fairs  at  Fasten's-Eve.  P^^^f 

8  P 


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342  THE  CITIL  AND   POLITICAL  PAST   tr. 

Trinity,  St.  James'-daj.  Michaelmas,  and  And^mnas.  liey  have 
the  superiority  of  several  lands,  as  may  be  seen  in  tlit  abstracl  of 
Kin^  Charles'  charter,  and  a  servitade  on  the  Burgh  Sea  in  Diifiiis, 
by  which  the  fishers  there  are  obliged  to  bring-  their  fish  to  market 
in  El^n.  They  have  some  fishing*  boats  at  Lossiemouth ;  and  yet 
for  want  of  a  g^d  harbour,  that  mig-ht  encourage  trade  and  com- 
merce, their  revenue,  or  common  g;ood.  is  but  small.  By  immemo- 
rial practice,  thoug^h  not  by  a  special  grant,  the  Magistrates  have  a 
Sheriffship  within  the  town's  liberties.  If  we  may  take  the  city  of 
Edinburgh  for  a  pattern,  this  town,  in  which  the  Cathedral  of  Moray 
stood,  may  be  called  a  City ;  for  King  Charles  I.,  in  his  charter, 
erecting  the  See  of  Edinburgh,  dated  September  39,  1633,  say?,^— 
"Nos  animo  nostro  revolventes,  Burgnm  nostrum  de  Edinburgh 
esse  principale  Burgum  Regni  nostri  Scotiee,  idemque  maxime  ido- 
neum  ut  sit  Capitalis  Civitas  dicti  noviter  erecti  Episcopatiis ;  Igitur 
Nos  ereximuB,  tenoreque  priesentis  Cart«e  nostrie  erigimus,-dictuai 
nostrum  Burgum  de  Edinburgh  in  Civitatem,  et  ordinamus-ean- 
dem  fore  principalem  et  Capitalem  Civitatem  dicti  Regni  nostri,  ac 
predict  noviter  erecU  Episcopatus,  ac  damus'etconcedimtiseiden 
omnes  libertates,  et  privil^a  Civitati  debita."*  But  nothing-is 
more  uncertain  than  what  constitutes  a  city, — wheUier  its  being  the 
coital  of  a  Province,  or  being  a  walled  town,  or  being  a  royal  burgb, 
or  being  a  Bishop's  See. 

The  arms  of  the  town  of  Elgin  are — Saint  Giles  in  a  pastoral 
Habit,  holding  a  Book  in  the  right  hand,  and  a  Pastoral  Staff  in  the 
left.    With  this  Motto,  81C  ITUR  AD  ASTRA.f 


■  Vc,  tUiiwi  tub)  ow  enuldentioa,  that  mt  Bnijth  of  Edinbai|[fa  it  the  cbbtf  bsi^li  of  imr  Icfa«d(« 
•r  Sootbud*  and  th&t  the  mow  b  nmt  (OBTenint  ta  ba  the  chW  Cltjr  trf'aar  Utoly  ereclad  B  tlmprick. 
We,  Ibcrebn,  hare  Ructod,  mi.  In  tennaof  tkbcfaartor,  do  au«t  Into  ■  City  Mr  Boigti  of  Bdialmf|h, 
iwl.do  onbla  the  Mno  to  br  tba  chief  aad  caplul  Cttr  oT  our  iiU  IclnRdMB,  ud  of  the  AMCMhl  Ulrif 
«Mted  BlAoprick,Md  we  (^n  ead  grut  (o  It  ell  Ibe  likrUea  and^ drH^n  urdiaacilj  belo^bf  |*  « 

t  8wk  >■  Oe  Mr  to  DenM,. 


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t^kvt  IT-  niBTOi^v  or  hoe^v.  IMS 

-  The  Burgh  of  Nairn  is  of  conedderdble  antiquity.  We  find  it 
tneotioned  am  early  as  the  year  1008.  And  as  long  as  it  bad  a  good 
tiarbonr,  and  the  King's  Constable  residing  in  the  Castle  of  it.'  no 
doubt  it  flonrislied  and  made  a  good  figure. — now  the  want  of  trade 
has  brought  it  much  into  decay.  The  constitution  of  the  town  is 
much  the  same  with  that  of  Elgin,  except  that  Gentlemen  in  the 
countiy  are  admitted  upon  the  Common  Council,  because  the  town 
cannot  afford  the  necessary  annual  chftfiges.  It  has  a  weekly  mar- 
ket, and  some  annual  Fairs,  and  the  Courts  of  Justice  for  that  county 
tat  there.  The  common  good  ia  but  small.  The  inhdl)itant8  are 
-dbout  six  hundred. 

The  arms  of  the  town  are — Sunt  Ninian  in  a  proper  Habit,  in  the 
right  hand  a  Cross  Fitchie — in  the  left  a  Book  open. 

The  earliest  mention  I  hare  found  of  the  Burgh  of  Forres  is,  *  Do- 
Tenaldus-filiua  Constantin  occisua  est  in  oppido  Fothir  anno  004'* 
Foihir  is  supposed  to  he  Forres,  and  Ring  Buffus  was  murdered  in 
Forres  about  anno  066.  How  early  this  town  was  erected  into  a 
-Royal  Burgh,  I  find  not.  A  charter  of'  De  novo  damns,'  by  Jamea 
IV.,  dated  June  23,  1406,  bears,  that  the  ancient  charters  granted 
to  this  Burgh,  had  been  destroyed  by  fire  and  other  accidents,  and, 
therefore,  the  King  erects  it  of  new  into  a  free  Burgh,  with  all  the 
privileges  of  a  Royal  Burgh.  I  have  placed  on  abtract  of  this  char- 
ter in  the  App.  No.  XXV.-f-  The  constitution  of  this  Burgh  is  much 


■  DoiM]d.MtiafCi>iut>ntlM9,sUin,iaP«thLr,iBtfaoreuMU. 
t  The  cbarter  of  tha  bnni  of  Fnnei  gnuits  ta  tliem, — ^Aqium  tA  PiacMunn  Av  Flsdlmn,  (am  h 
•qoi  dnid  qnam  uln.*'  Thb  right  li  la  be  onilentaod  m  bldtm  ■•'•Pint,  T&e  Fithlng  ot  the  81«1^ 
'  pool  pertklno  fo  the  B>rl  of  Momf ;  and  he  elalmi  Mid  poowwm  tbh  flahtng,  from  (het  pool  dowa  (he 
*  river  u  (iw  M  the  FerMtot  Taraoi  extendi  Seciraillr,  Bj  Klnic  Janni  ■.'■ehtrter,  anas  1429,  (he 
vMa  fldihift  or  Fiadhoni  wie  granted  to  the  Maelci  and  Abbot  of  Kinloii ;  and  Kiog  Rab4l*i  charter 
'(ethem,  uiiDR4^t4to,  ef  Iheirhole  lihingof  the  rtnr,  wueoaflrmel.  Tfalnllf,  Byeharter,  De* 
'eeaberS^  1S03,  the  whale  a<hi«g,c»«pt  the  Sleie-pool,wtf  granted  to  the  Abbot    Fourthlf,  Bjroni- 


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1244  THE  CIVIL'  AND   POLITICAL  rUBT-  I*. 

the  «ame  iu  that  of  E%in.  The  only  Sett  they'have,  istb'e  follow'- 
In^  indistiDct  one:  "At  Forren,  30th  September  1711,*  in  preMncc 
of  the  To\rri-Council  ofthe  Biirvh,  alerter  beingread,  directed  1^ 
tlie  ag«nt  ofthe  Burg:hs  to  the  Magristratedof  the  sard  finrgh,  atient 
their  makin|j:  a  true  account  and  return  to  their  ao«nt,  of  their  Sett 
in  electing^  yearly.  In  obedience  to  which  the  aaid  Magistratetr  de* 
elare,  that  the  number  of  their  Council  exce«ds  not  seventeen,  Pra>> 
vost.  Bailies,  Dean  of  Guild,  and  Treasiurer  included  ;  and  that.  A 
Ilk  election,  the  Old  Council  chooses  the  New,  and  are  changed 
ybarly  as  occasion  offers ;  and  to  that  effect  timeoas  premoniUon  is 
made  to  the  whole  burgesses,  heritors,  and  inhabitants,  of  the  day 
prefixed  for  election  ofthe  said  Magistrates  and  Town-Council,  by 
tuck  of  drum,  and  placading  on  the  cross,  and  by  other  advertise- 
ments used  and  wont ;  and  that  the  New  Council  chooses  the  Ma- 
gistrates, and  puts  off,  and  takes  on,  or  continues  them  as  the  cir- 
cumstances of  the  place  may  require.  And  this  our  Sett  ha»been 
unaltered  for  many  years  :  and  ordains  our  clerk  of  court  to  send  an 
extract  hereof  to  the  agent  of  the  Burghs.  Signed  in  our  name  and 
by  our  order,  by  Robert  Tulloch,  our  common  clerk ;  sic  ntbscrib. 
Robert  Tulloch.  Clerk."  This  Sett  leaves  room  to  admit  gentlemen 
in  the  county  upon  the  Council,  which,  accordingly,  is  the  practise. 


tract  brtirixt  Thotnu  Abbot  of  Kinlms,  with  theCuorait,  and  the  Tom  of  Form,  Alnunder  Ui^ 
luTt  of  Burdtfarda,  ud  WillUin  WiMman,  of  date  Febroarf  15,  I30S.6,  the  Town,  Burdnyanls,  nA 
Wiaeman,  renonneed  all  tills  bi  die  flihing of  thit  river,  (It  is  |»tilMhle  the  TownobtaiBtdthhrharter, 
anno  1486,  uiiki)o<ro  to,  and  to  the  prrJiidWof  tha  Abbot.)  And  ihe  Abbot  aad  Cuaveildiil  aet  berW 
tably,  and  in  fea.brm  to  tbo  foraMids  the  flailing  od  ihe  fnati  water,  from  the  Slulo-paal,  to  tbc  enlor- 
lnf[  of  the  bam  of  Manet  Into  the  •«.  Flftblj,  The  Lord  of  KinloM,  aod-Bttrror  Elgii),  came  In  Ihe 
mom  aqd  right-of  the  Abbot  and  Coovenl,  to  whom  the  whole  Eihing,  from  the  Sluie-pool  dowaward, 
both  tn  fmh  and  nU  water,  did  nr'shislly  ))r)oiW.  And  by  cburtor,  af  date  Febmary  26,  1664,  under 
thfigraatied,  (ThoiDai,  Earl  of  Elgin,  luviov  reilgntid),  Alexander  Bradie  of  Leihinarqulrpd  arif^t 
toaU  LbeAifainK  that  had  beloopedtotheiaid  Barl  and  Abbot.  Aud  now.  Sixthly,  The  Tutni  of  Forret 
holdiaf  Letbin, — Tanachie  and  Diirn  hold  of  FDrn<s,.~tfae  Earl  of  Moray  and  Burdaywds  hold  of  tbe 
Crown;  and  tbeettateof  GnHigefaiIl,pQ  chased  In  17(9.by  Sir  Alvxander  Grwtof  DBlvey.  Tbefiih- 
iag  upon  that  ertate  lay  partly  bt  the  Priory  la&di  of  Plujcardtn,  and  partly  in  Ibe  Abbqy  landaof  Up- 


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PART  XT.  dlSTOBT  OF  MORAY.  34fi 

Tbe  town  has  a  jurisdiction  of  Sheriffship  by  their  charter ;  a 
weekly  market,  and  several  annual  hira.  'I'heir  revenue  is  about 
jSI^OOO  Scots.    The  number  of  inhabitants  is  about  nine  hundred. 

The  town's  anus  are,  St  Lawrence  in  a  long  habit,  standings  on  a 
brander ;  a  Chaplet  round  his  head  ;  at  his  rii^ht  side  a  crencent,  and 
at  the  left  a  Star  of  six  points,  holding;  in  his  right  hand  a  book. 
Motto,  JEHOVAH  TV  MlHI  DECS,  QUID  DEEST* 

Every  one  of  these  Burg-hs  has  a  post-office,  and  a  regular  return 
of  posts  seven  times  in  the  week.  And  since  the  union  of  the  two 
kingdoms,  Forres,  Nairn,  Inverness,  and  Chanonrie,  in  Ross,  make 
a  district ;  and  Elgin,  Cullen,  Banff,  Inverurie,  and  Kintore,  make 
another.  Each  district  sends  a  Member  to  the  British  Parliament ; 
and  each  of  the  counties  of  Banff,  Elgin,  and  Inverness,  chooses  a 
Commissioner ;  but  the  county  of  Nairn,  being  small,  chooses  only 
alternately  with  the  county  of  Cromarty. 

Besides  these  Royal  Burghs  there  are,  in  this  Province,  several 
Burghs  of  Barony.  These  are  erected  by  Royal  Patents  or  Char- 
ters. What  their  privileges  and  Immunilies  are.  will  appear  from  the 
following  instances. — Garniouth  was  erected  into  a  Burgh  of  Barony 
by  a  Patent,  anno  1587;  the  Kirktown  of  Spynie,  an  EcclesiaBtical 
Baron3%  anno  1453;  the  town  of  Findhorn  made  a  Barony,  and  the 
the  erection  ratified  in  Parliament,  1661  ;  the  town  of  Geddes.  in  the 
parish  of  Nairn,  was  erected  into  a  Burgh  of  Barnny,  by  a  charter, 
annoI6(M);  "cum  potestate  creandi  Balivos  et  Burgenses,  et  ven- 
dendi  et  vinum  et  cervisiam,  et  mercemonia  qusecunque  ;"f  with  a 
weekly  market.  Sec. 


*  JdMivnh  (or  the  Lord)  li  my  Ood,  irtiat  U  wanting, 
t  With  tbe  power  of  makbg  fiailiet  and  BurgeHet,  ud  of  MlUng  Wine  and  Ale,  and  all  a 
Bwichandiae  whnterer. 

3  Q 


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246      ~  THE   CIVIL  AND    POIITICAL  PART    IV. 

By  a  charter,  anno  1635,  in  favour  of  John  Grant  of  Log'g^e, 
Moyness,  Broad-land  and  Aldearn,  were  erected  into  the  Barony  of 
MoyneBs,  with  a  weekly  market  on  Saturday,  and  an  annual  fair  at 
Micbaelmaa.  By  charter,  anno  1476,  the  Thanedom  of  Calder,  Ba- 
rony of  Durris,  <&e.,  were  erected  into  one  Barony,  called  Campbell- 
town,  with  power  to  create  Bailives,  Constables,  Serjeants,  and  other 
Officers  therein,  with  liberty  to  buy  and  sell  within  the  freedoms 
thereof,  and  to  have  a  Town-House,  and  a  market-crosti,  with  a 
weekly  market  on  Wednesday,  and  an  annual  fair  on  July  the  15th, 
— the  Castle  of  Calder  bein^  the  principal  ]Vle8suag;e  at  which  in- 
feftments  and  seizins  may  be  taken,  &:c.  The  town  of  Fochabers, 
the  Kirktown  of  Duflus,  Blackstob,  in  Muirtown,  the  town  of  Crom- 
dale,  in  Strathspey,  and.  no  doubt,  other  villag-es  within  this  Pro- 
vince, were  Burg^hs  of  Barony. 


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PART   V. 


MILITARY  HISTORY  OF  MORAY. 


Royal  Porta,  at  Elgin,  Torres,  Nairn,  InvemeBS,  Vrqukart,  Crom- 
tcelVa  Fort,  at  IncernetiB,  Fort-George,  at  Incemeee,  Fort-Augus- 
tus, Ruthcen- Barrack,  Fort-George,  at  Ardersier.  Fortalices,  at 
Duffas,Raite,Abernpthi(>,RatheentLochi7idorh.  Battles.at Forres, 
with  a  description  of  the  Obelisk,  or  Sueno's  Stone,  at  Forres. — at 
Mortlwh,  anno  1010, — at  Spey,  anno  1078, — at  Spey,  anno  1110, 
— at  Urquhart,  anno  1160, — at  Incemakaven,  anno  1386, — at  ' 
Perth,  anno  1396,  as  having  a  connexion  with  the  History  of  (his 
Country, — at  Drumnacoal,  anno  1437, — at  Elgin,  anno  1452, — 
at  Clachnaharie,  anno  1454, — at  Cean-Loch-Lochie,  anno  1544, 
— at  Glenlivat,  anno  1594, — at  Aldeam,  anno  1645^ — at  Cromn 
dale,  anno  1690, — at  Incempss,  anno  1715, — at  CtiUoden,  anno 
VI^,~^Military  Roads, — Military  Officers,  Customs,  ^c. 


It  does  not  appear  that  the  Romans  had  any  military  exploits 
within  this  Province,  nor  have  they  any  monument  of  such  actions. 
Though  Severus  forced  a  march  into  the  northmost  bounds'of  Scot- 
land, yet  he  fought  no  battle,  but  lost  50,000  of  his  arm^  in  strug- 
g^liDg*  with  cold,  hunger,  and  fatigue ;  and  Agricola's  sbtpj,  which 
ttuled  round  the  North,  and  first  discovered  Britain  to  be  an  Island, 


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248  THE    MILITABY    HISTOBT   OF    MORAY.  PART  T. 

gave  names  tn  people  and  places,  but  left  no  military  monaments. 
Ab  little  can  I  find  any  certain  accounts  of  the  military  actions  of 
the  Picts,  in  this  country.  Their  battles  and'  skirmishes,  whether 
with  the  Scots  or  the  Saxons,  were  in  the  southern  Provinces ;  hut, 
since  the  overthrow  of  the  Pictish  kingrdom,  we  have  traces  of  some 
memorable  battles  and  conflicts,  of  which  1  shall  give  the  most  ge- 
nuine account  I  could  learn. 

The  character  which  Tacitus  gives  of  the  German  Catti,  may,  1 
doubt  not,  be  applied  to  the  ancient  inhabitants  of  this  Province,  par- 
ticularly to  the  Highlanders, — "  Duriora  genti  corpora,  stricti  artus 
minax  vultus,  et  major  animi  vigor  ;  nee  arare  terram,  aut  expectare 
annum,  tam  facile  persuaseris,  quam  vocare  hostes,  et  vulnera  mere- 
ri ;  Pigrum  quin  imo  et  iners  videtur  sudore  acquirere,  quod  possis 
sanguine  parare."* 

The  great  men,  and  chiefs  of  clans,  in  Scotland,  for  many  ages, 
lived  independent  of  the  Kings. — they  held  their  land  by  no  other 
tenure  than  a  forcible  possession.  In  the  year  IdOO,  there  was 
brought  to  the  Exchequer,  an  account  of  350,000  merks  yearly 
rent,  (a  large  sum  in  these  days),  to  which  the  chieftains,  in  the 
western  Isles,  had  no  other  right  but  Duchus  or  possession. 

The  few  Royal  Forts  through  the  kingdom  were  not  sufficient  to 
awe  the  country  and  maintain  peace  ;  and  our  kings  were  necessi- 
tated to  grant  large  powers,  and  extensive  jurisdictions  to  great 
men,  with  liberty  to  build  Fortalices  on  their  own  lands,  and  to  gar- 
rison them  for  the  maintaining  peace  and  order.  By  this,  the  power 
of  the  Crown  was  weakened,  and  the  Nobles  and  Chieftains  became 


*  Thii  mee  pcMMMed  t  itnitlr  frameorbod]',  limb*  well  knit,  item  cmtateDaDee*,  and  k  gmU  degree 
of  cooiage.  Yun  could  not  m>  eaail]'  pertiude  UwDi  to  till  tbeir  Undi,  and  obxerre  the  retpectire  •»• 
MD«  of  the  jrev,  u  yon  mrghi  briog  Aem  to  («ce  tbeir  enemies,  and  gire  and  lake  tbe  moU  deadly 
wounds.  For  they  even  held  it  tlotiilU  and  comidly  to  acquire  by  the  aweat  of  tbtir  bmm,  what 
tbey  otnid  potaeaa  by  the  ■J'-mrg  of  Uieir  Uood, 


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FART  V.  THE   MILITARY    HISTORY   OF   MORAY.  UlA 

lactiom  and  ung^overnable ;  and  insurrections,  tumults,  and  riots, 
were  frequent  in  every  corner. 

The  Royal  Forts  in  this  Province  were — 

A  Fort  at  Elgin.  This  Fort  stood  on  a  small  hill,  now  called  the 
Lady-hill,  at  the  west  end  of  the  town,  on  the  north  side.  The  plain 
area  on  the  top  of  the  hill  is  eighty-five  yards  in  length,  and  forty- 
five  in  breadth.  There  are  some  remains  of  the  walls  of  this  Fort 
yet  standing,  but  such  as  do  not  show  the  form  or  extent  of  the 
buildings.  Generally  these  Forts  were  a  square,  or  an  oblong 
square, — ^the  walls  about  twenty  feet  high,  and  four  feet  thick,  with 
towers  in  the  angles,  all  wrought  with  run  lime.  Within  the  walls 
were  rooms  and  barracks  of  wood, — the  gate  or  entrance  was  guard- 
ed by  an  iron  grate,  and  a  port-cullis;  and  some  Forts  had  parapets 
on  the  top  of  the  wall.  Within  the  court  there  was  a  draw-well, 
and  the  whole  Fort  was  environed  with  a  fosse,  over  which  was  a 
draw-bridge.  Vestiges  of  all  these  things  are  to  be  seen  at  this  Fort 
at  Elgin.  The  strength  of  such  Forts  was  considerable  before  great 
guns  came  into  use.  The  Randolphs,  Dunbars,  and  Douglasses, 
Earls  of  Moray,  were  Constables  of  this  Fort,  and  had  the  customs 
of  the  town,  the  assize  of  ale,  and,  probably,  the  sixty-auchten  parts, 
and  the  moss  wards,  now  belonging  to  the  town,  for  their  salary. 
They  had  a  Jurisdiction  within  certain  bounds  round  the  Fort,  and 
judged  in  riots  and  trespasses  committed  within  these  bounds.  I  am 
not  certain  if,  after  the  death  of  Archibald  Douglas,  anno  1455,  any 
Earl  acted  as  Constable  of  this  Fort;  but  the  Castle-hill,  or  Lady- 
hill,  has  always  been  the  property  of  the  Earls  of  Moray,  and  is  so 
of  the  present  Earl. 

'  The  Fort  at  Forres  was  pleasantly  situated  on  an  eminence  at  the 
west  end  of  the  town,  and  was  fortified  as  that  of  Elgin.  It  was  in 
this  Fort  that  Ring  Duffus  was  barbarously  murdered,  anno  965  or 
966.  Donald,  grand-uncle  of  Bancho,  Thane  of  Lochaber,  and  an- 
cestor of  the  family  of  Stewart,  was  Governor  of  the  Fort,  and  much 

3  R 


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950  THB   MILITARY    HISTORY   OP   HOBAY.  PART   T. 

trusted  when  the  King  came  to  Forres,  in  order  to  punish  some  vil- 
lains. The  King  was  a  strict  Justiciary,  aiid  would  not  grant  a  re- 
mission to  some  Criminals,  for  whom  Donald  and  his  wife  h^d  warm- 
ly solicited, — <wherefore  they  caused  strangle  him  in  his  bed,  and  hid 
his  corpse  under  a  bridge  near  Kioloss.  Donald,  conscious  of  his 
guilt.  6ed  from  Cullen,  successor  to  Duffus;  but  his  wife  being  put 
to  the  torture,  confessed  the  whole  scene.  Donald  was  seized,  and, 
with  his  accpmplices,  justly  put  to  death,  and  the  Fort  was  razed. 
I  know  not  if  this  Fort  was  rebuilt,  and  used  as  a  Royal  Fort ;  but 
it  is  certain  there  was  a  Castle  where  it  bad  stood,  of  which  the  Dun- 
bars  of  Westfield  had  the  projwrty,  with  the  Castle-lands;  but  I  do 
not  find  that  Ihey  acted  as  Constables. 

The  Royal  Fort,  at  Nairn,  stood  on  the  bank  of  the  river,  a  little 
above  the  present  bridge.  The  river,  with  a  rocky  precipice,  guard- 
ed one  side  of  it,  and  it  was  strongly  walle<l,  and  ditched  about  on 
the  other  sides.  The  Thanes  of  Calder  were  hereditary  Constables 
of  this  Fort,  and  so  was  the  present  John  Campbell  of  Calder,  till 
the  Jurisdiction-act,  anno  1747. 

At  Inverness,  we  find  in  our  histories  a  Fort,  or  Castle,  rery  early. 
It  stood  on  a  hill  close  by  the  river,  and  commanded  the  town. 
What  was  the  form  of  the  old  Fort,  I  find  not ;  but  it  appears  that  it 
had  a  ditch,  and  an  agger,  or  rampart  of  earth,  on  three  sides.  The 
Governor  of  it  was  appointed  during  pleasure,  or  fur  life,  for  some 
ages ;  but,  about  the  beginning  of  the  sixteenth  century,  if  not  soon- 
er, the  Earl  of  Huntly  was  made  hereditary  Constable  of  it,  and  for 
his  fee  or  salary  had  the  following  lands,  called  the  Castle-lands, — 
viz.  the  three  Davachs  of  Dunachtin,  and  the  two  Davachs  of  Kin- 
rara  and  Delnaford,  in  Badenoch,  the  Davach  of  Shevin  in  Strath- 
ern,  the  lauds  of  Tordarach.  Bochruben,  and  Dundelchack,  in  Strath- 
jiairn  and  Stratherick,  (these  lands  are  the  property  now  of  the  LainI 
of  Macintosh). — likewisie  the  Davach  of  Essich  in  the  parish  of  In- 
^MTO^ss,  now  belonging  to  Maciutosfa, — ^the  lands  of  Porterfield, 


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PAST  y.  THS  UIUTARV  HISTORY  OP  MORAY.  351 

little  Hilltown,  Albnaskiach,  and  Haag;ha,  all  near  the  town  of  In- 
Teraew.^ — the  three  Davaebs  of  Castle  Leathers,  and  Coulduthil,  the 
two  Davachs  of  Upper  atid  Nether  Torbrecks.  ami  Knocknagiat— ^ 
the  two  Oavacbs  of  Diinainmore.  Dunaincroy,  and  Lagnalane, — Ihe 
two  Davachs  of  Dochnagiarach  and  Dochnaluirg, — the  lands,  of 
Dochfourd,  Dochcharn,  and  Dochnaerai^,  all  in  the  parish  of  Inver- 
ness ;  and  the  lands  of  Bunachtin  and  Drumbuie  in  Strathnaim. 
The  above-mentioned  lands,  now  belonging  to  Macintosh,  were 
grranted  to  that  family,  as  an  assythment  for  the  death  of  the  Laird 
of  Macintosh,  whom  the  Earl  of  Huntly  caused  to  be  barbarously 
murdered  in  the  Castle  of  Huntly,  in  tl^year  1550.  These  lands 
were  held  ward,  but  Macintosh  purchaeea  the  freeholding'of  them, 
— the  other  Castle-lands  hold  of  the  Duke  of  Gordon. 

There  was  likewise  a  Royal  Fort  in  Urqnhart.  It  stood  on  a  rock 
on  the  west  side  of  Lochness,  twelve  miles  from  Inverness,  and  as 
many  from  Fort- Augustus.  The  Loch  washed  the  east-wall  of  it, 
and  the  other  three  sides  were  fortiBed  with  a  strong  rampart,  a 
ditch,  and  a  draw-bridge.  There  were  witbiti  the  walls  some  good 
buildings,  and  accommodation  for  a  battalion  of  soldiers.  In  the 
year  1303,  King  Edward  I.  of  England  reduced  this  Fort,  and  base- 
ly put  to  the  sword  Alexander  Bois,  and  his  garrison,  who  had 
bravely  defended  it.  In  1334,  Robert  Lauder.  Governor,  maintain- 
ed this  Fort  against  the  English.  Sir  Robert  Chisholm  was  Gover- 
nor of  this  Fort,  in  1364;  but  who  succeeded  him  I  know  not 
These  old  Forts  were  a  good  defence  against  the  military  weapons 
at  that  time  in  use ;  hut  when  Cannons  and  Mwtars  were  invented. 
they  were  poon  reduced. 

The  Citadel  of  Inverness,  called  Oliver's  Fort,  from  Oliver  Crom- 
well, was  a  modern  regular  building.  It  was  begun  in  1051,  and 
next  year  finished.  It  stood  on  the  east  bank  of  the  River  Neas, 
near  the  mouth, of  it. — was  a  regular  pentagon,  with  bastions,  ram- 
parti^  a  wet  ditch*  a  covered  way.  aod«  gbcjsf  one  side  of  it  was 


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U&2  THE   MILITARY   HISTORY  OP   MORAY.  PART  V. 

washed  by  the  river,  and  it  could  lodge  2000  men.  But  it  had  se- 
veral inconveniences, — the  foundation  was  bad,  and  brandered  with 
oak,^the  water  was  breakish, — the  air  was  moist, — approaches  to 
it  were  easy, — and  the  town  was  a  shelter  for  an  enemy.  In  the 
year  1662,  it  was  demolished,  because  it  was  a  relict  of  usurpaUon, 
but  chiefly  because  it  was  a  check  upon  the  adjacent  Highlands, 
then  esteemed  loyal. 

Fort-George  stood  on  the  Castle-hill  of  Inverness,  and  the  build- 
ing was  begun  soon  after  the  rebellion,  in  1715.  The  old  castle  was 
repaired  for  lodging  the  Officers,  a  fine  house  was  built  for  the  Go- 
vernor ;  a  pile  of  barrac^^stood  as  wings  to  the  castle ;  a  chapel, 
magazine,  and  store-house  were  built ;  the  old  draw-well  was  open- 
ed ;  and  the  whole  surrounded  with  a  strong  wall,  proof  against  any 
artillery  except  battering  canon.  But  the  hill,  being  a  heap  of 
quick-sand,  could  be  easily  sapped  or  undermined  ;  and  it  is  strange 
,that  so  much  money  was  thrown  away  upon  it.  On  the  19th 
February,  1746.  this  Fort  was  taken  and  reduced  by  the  rebels. 

Fort-Augustus,  so  called  from  Frederic  Augustus,  then  Prince  of 
Wales,  stands  at  the  south  end  of  Lochness,  in  the  point  betwixt  the 
rivers  Eoich  and  Tarf,  where  they  empty  into  the  Loch.  The  Loch 
and  Tarf  wash  two  sides  of  the  Fort,  which  was  built,  anno  1730. 
The  rebels  likewise  domolisbed  this  Fort ;  but  it  has  been  since  re- 
built, and  surrounded  with  a  ditch  and  ramparts.  A  small  Galley 
is  kept  on  Lochness,  for  the  service  of  this  Fort,  and  to  convey  stores 
to  it. 

The  Barrack  of  Ruthven,  in  Badenoch,  was  begun  to  be  bnilt  in 
1718.  It  stood  where  the  old  Castle  had  been,  and  consisted  of  two 
large  houses  standing  parallel,  and  joined  by  ramparts,  and  two  bas- 
tions in  the  diagonal  angles.  It  had  convenient  lodging  for  two 
companies  of  men,  a  draw-well,  and  a  large  stable.  In  August, 
1745,  all  the  company  lodged  here  joined  General  Cope,  except 
Berjeant  MuUoy  and  fourteen  men,  who  muntained  the  Barrack 


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PAST  ▼.  THS  MILITAET  HISTORY  OV  MORAY.  385' 

aguDst  two  hundred  of  the  Rebels.  And,  in  Febrnary.  17^,  Ser- 
jeuit  Mulloy,  with  twelve  men  only,  defended  it  for  three  days,  and 
obtained  an  honourable  capitulation,  for  which  gallant  behaviour  he 
was  preferred  to  be  a  lieutenant     Ute  Rebels  burnt  the  barrack. 

Fort-Cieorge,  at  Ardersier,  stands  on  a  point  of  land  that  jutts  into 
the  Frith.  The  land  is  near  a-half  mile  broad  to  the  continent,  and 
tapers  to  a  narrow  point.  On  this  point  the  Fort  is  built  in  form  of 
a  triangle,  whereof  the  sea  covers  two  aides,  and  the  ditch,  which 
may  receive  the  sea  at  pleasure,  makes  the  third.  It  is  environed 
with  high  ramparts  and  bastions,  with  a  reveline,  a  covered  way  and 
glacis.  It  is  well  served  with  sweet  water,  and  can  have  a  fine  har- 
bour. For  an  English  mile  no  high  ground  commands  it,  and  no 
lines  of  approach  can  be  digged  in  the  hard  channel  without  great 
labour.  The  ur  is  pure  and  wholesome,  and  it  will  accommodate 
2,000  men. 

Besides  these  Royal  Forts,  there  were  in  this  country  several 
Fortalices  built  by  Gentlemen  for  defence.  Of  these,  the  following 
five  were  ancient,  and  built  in  the  old  form,  viz: — 

The  Castle  of  Old  Duffus,  which  stood  on  a  green  moat  on  the 
bank  of  the  Loch  of  Spynie.  It  was  a  square,  the  wall  about  twenty 
feet  high,  and  five  feet  thick,  with  a  parapet,  ditch  and  draw-bridge. 
Within  the  square  were  buildings  of  timber  built  to  the  wall,  with 
stables  and  all  necessary  ofiiees.  I  question  not  but  this  Fort  (the 
walls  whereof  were  built  with  run  lime,  and  as  yet  stand  pretty  en- 
tire) was  built  as  early  as  the  time,  if  not  sooner,  of  Friskinus  de 
Moravia,  in  the  reign  of  King  David  I. 

The  Castle  of  Raite,  in  the  parish  of  Nairn*  was  of  the  same  form, 
and  was,  probably,  the  seat  of  Raite  of  that  Ilk. 

The  Red  Castle  in  Abemethie,  the  walls  of  which  stand,  was  of 
the  like  form,  and  was  the  seat  of  Cummine,  Laird  of  Abernethie. 

The  Castle  of  Rathven,  the  seat  of  Cummine,  Lord  Badenoch, 
stood  on  a  green  mount,  jutting  into  a  marshy  plain.    The  mount 


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SS4  THE  MILITARY   HlSTORy  OF  HQBJilt,  PAST  V. 

is  steep  on  three  sides,  uid  tapering  to  the  top,  as  if  it  were  artificial, 
— the  area  on  the  top,  about  an  hundred  yards.long  and  thirty  broa<d, 
— 4be  south  wall  was  nine  feet  thick,  through  which  the  arched  enfry 
was  guarded  by  a  double  iron  grate,  and  a  port-<;uJlis,T— the  other 
walls  were  sixteen  feet  high,  and  four  thick,  and  in  the  norUi  end  of 
the  court  were  two  towers  in  the  corners,  and  some  low  building)!* 
And  a  draw-well  within  the  court.     I  have  seen  this  Fort  entire. 

In  Locfaindoi'b,  in  tbe  hills  betwixt  Strathspey  and  Brae-Moray« 
stand  in  a  small  island  the  walls  of  a  strong  Fort,  as  yet  entire.  In 
the  year  1335,  when  the  Earl  of  March  defeated  and  killed  David 
de  Strathbogie,  £arl  of  Athole,  at  Kilblain,  and  raised  the  siege  of 
Kildrummie  Castle,  the  Earl  of  Athole's  Lady  fled  to  the  Castle  of 
Lochinderb.  Sir  Alexander  Gordon  laid  siege  to  it;  but,  next  year. 
King  Edward  of  England  obliged  him  to  raise  this  siege.  This 
Fort,  and  the  adjacent  forest,  belongs  to  John  Campbell  of  Calder ; 
for  "James,  Earl  of  Moray,  October  31, 1606,  disponed  to  Sir  John 
Campbell  of  Calder,  the  lands  of  Borlum,  Coulards,  and  Kinchylie, 
cum  Lacn  de  Lochihdorb,  domibus  in  eo,  et  adjacentibua  Shel- 
ingis."* 

The  other  Fortalices  were  strong  Towers, — at  Calder,  Kilravock^ 
Daviot,  Lovat,  Borlum.  Ernside,  Dallas,  &c.  These  were  for  the 
most  part  built  in  the  reign  of  King  James  II..  when  the  rebellion 
of  the  Earls  of  Douglas,  Crawford,  Ross,  &c.,  had  run  the  kingdom 
into  confusion. 

I  now  come  to  give  some  account  of  the  Military  actions,  whether 
Battles,  Skirmishes,  qt  Rencounters,  within  this  Province.  The 
earliest  of  which  was — 

The  battle  of  Forres.     Sueno,  son  of  Harald,  King  of  Denmark* 


*  Wtdi  tbeLocbofLochlndorbiirUh  ttaehouMtiait,  and  Uw  ndgUworiqc  Otdlinga. 


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Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


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BILLASLAX  FOEJLES. 


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PABT  T.  TUB  MlUTABr  EIBTORY  OF  MOBAY,  f^S 

havings  defeated  the  £ag^i^,-  and  drW«a  their  lUng,  £tbelrad,  oQt 
cf  the  king^m,  sou^t  to  be  revenged  of  the  Scots,  who  had  aided 
Ethelrad ;  and  for  this  end  he  sent  a  g^reat  army  into  Scotland,  under 
the  command  of  Olaos  and  £necui^  who  landed  in  Moray,  anno 
1008,  and  committed  gpeat  ravages.  Malcolm  11.  being  informed 
of  this,  marched  against  them  with  an  army  of  new  Levies,  and  gave 
them  battle  near  the  town  of  Forres;  but  the  inexperienced  soldiery 
rushing  on  with  more  courage  than  prudence,  and  Uie  King  being 
wounded  in  the  bead,  and  carried  out  off  the  ield,  the  enemy  got  an 
easy  victory,  which  they  Improved,  as  might  be  expected  from  such 
barfoariaos.  wiA  cruelty,  bloudsb«d,  and  plunder.  They  soon  re< 
duced  the  Castles  or  Forts  of  Elgin,  Forres,  and  Nairn.  Flushed 
with  this  success,  they  sent  for  their  wives,  children,  and  families, — 
hoping  they  should  quietly  possess  the  pleasant  and  fertile  plains  of 
Moray,  and  from  thence  extend  their  conquents. 

A  Airlong  or  two  east  of  Forres  stands  an  Obelisk,  called  Sueno'a 
Stone,  which  is  one  of  the  most  curious  and  stately  monuments  of 
of  the  kind  in  Britain.  Some  years  ago,  the  e«nt-land  around  it 
being  always  ploughed  up,  it  was  like  to  fall ;  but  I«dy  Ann  Camp- 
bell, late  Countess  of  Moray,  caused  it  to  lie  set  upright,  and  sup* 
ported  by  several  steps  of  free-stone.  The  height  of  tbiit  Stone  can- 
not now  be  certainly  known ;  it  is  about  twenty-three  feet  above 
ground,  and  said  to  be  twelve  feet  under  ground.  Its  breadth  is 
about  four  feet.  What  is  above  ground  m  viniUly  divided  into  seven 
parts,  whereof  the  lowest  is  almost  wholly  hid  by  the  supports.  The 
second  division  contains  many  figures,  but  ranch  defaced.  In  the 
third  are  figures  of  men,  and  some  of  beaRta  with  human  heads.  The 
fourth  contains  Ensigns  and  Military  weapons,  carried  by  figarea, 
much  worn  out;  and  in  the  fifth,  sixth,  and  seventh,  the  figures  are 
scarcely  discernible.  On  the  reverse  is  a  Cross,  beneath  which  are 
two  human  figures  of  a  Gothic  form.  Mr  Gordon,  in  his  /fenero- 
t  S^tentrionaUi  will  have  thit  Obelisk  erected  after  the  battle 


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256  TBB   MILITARY    HJSTORT   or  MORAY.  PART  T. 

of  Murthlac,  and  in  memory  of  the  Baoea  leaving  the  kingdom ; 
bat  why  shonld  there  be  erected  at  Forres^  a  monument  of  a  battle, 
fought  at  more  than  twelve  miles  from  it?  And,  after  the  battle  of 
Murthlac,  the  Danes  fought  at  Balbryde,  Aberlemno,  Gemri,  imd 
Cmden,  in  Buchan,  where  they  engaged  to  leave  the  kingdom, — 
which  places  were  more  proper  for  such  a  monument  than  at, 
Forres. 

The  Danish  families  sent  for,  arrived, — upon  which  they  fortified 
a  small  promontory  in4he  parish  of  Duffus,  which  our  historians  call 
Burgas.  This  promontory  jutts  into  the  Frith,  and  riaes  above  low- 
water  about  Hxteen  yards, — ^to  the  west  and  north  it  is  a  perpendi- 
cular rock, — ^to  the  east  the  ascent  is  steep,  and  covered  with  grass; 
— at  the  south  the  ascent  is  more  easy, — the  top  forms  nearly  a  rect- 
angular-figure, in  length  about  one  hundred  yards,  and  in  breadth 
about  thirty.  This  area  they  surrounded  with  a  strong  rampart  of 
oaken-logs,  laid  deep  in  the  earth,  of  which  acme  pieces  are  as  yet 
digged  up,  and  the  burnt  remains  appear  in  the  earth.  The  neck 
of  and  towards  the  south  being  small,  they  cut  a  deep  trench,  and 
brought  the  sea  round  the  promontory;  and,  within  this,  they  cut 
other  trenches,  with  a  rampart  of  stone  and  earth.  At  the  foot  of 
the  promontory,  to  the  east,  is  an  area  about  forty  yards  long  and 
twenty  broad,  of  which  the  hill  makes  one  side,  and  the  other  three 
were  well  fortified  with  a  high  rampart.  This  Fort  served  them  for 
a  place  of  arms,  for  a  safe  retreat  if  defeated;  for  an  Asylum  to  their 
wives  and  children  ;  and  it  guarded  the  harbour  at  the  foot  of  the 
Tock  where  the  transports  lay.  Our  historians,  not  acquainted  with 
the  Cieogra|^y  of  the  country,  place  this  Fort  at  Nairn ;  bat  no  audi 
promontory  or  Fort  was  Uiere,  nor  any  tradition  of  it  As  the  Danea 
called  it  Burgh,  it  stilt  retains  that  name,  and  is  called  Burgh^Sea, 
or  surrounded  by  the  sea.  The  sea  near  it  has  retired  by  the  reflec- 
tion from  the  rock,  and  it  is  no  longer  an  Island. 
-    After  the  battle  of  Forres,  King  Malcolm  II.  returned  south,  and 


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PAST  V.  THE  MIUTART   HIQTORV  OF  MOBAT.  357 

fioding  Uiat  the  Danes  purposed  to  settle  in  Moray,  raised  a  power- 
ful army,  with  which  he  marched  in  the. beginning  of  the  year  1010, 
to  drive  out  the  invaders.  How  soon  the  Danes  were  certified  of 
the  road  by  which  the  King  marched,  they  moved  forward  to  meet 
him,  wisely  choosing  to  fight  at  a  distance  from  their  projected  set- 
tlement. A  little  east  of  the  house  of  Carron,  there  are  manifest 
vestiges  of  a  Camp,  where  it  is  thought  the  Danes  encamped,  till, 
by  their  speculatories  or  scouts,  they  had  certain  intelligence  of  the 
Ring's  approach, — then  they  marched  to  Mortlich,  and  the  Kind's 
army  came  to  Achindun,  two  mile$  from  the  enemy.  The  King, 
having  learned  that  the  Danes  lay  on  both  sides  of  the  water  of  Dul- 
enan,  near  the  church,  was  advised  to  use  a  stratagem, — viz.  a  mile 
above  the  church,  the  water  runs  in  a*narrow  channel  betwixt  high 
rocks.  Here  it  was  dammed  up,  and  made  to  flow  back  into  a  spaci- 
ous plain ;  and  the  army,  about  the  dawning  of  the  next  day,  having 
attacked  the  enemy,  he  caused  break  the  dam,  and  the  torrent  sepa- 
rated the  two  parts  of  their  army,  so  that  the  one  could  not  assist  the 
other, — those  on  the  south  side,  who  were  the  smaller  number,  were 
all  cut  off ;  but,  upon  the  falling  of  the  water,  the  great  body  of  the 
Danes  charged  the  Scots  with  great  fury,  yet  were  entirely  broken, 
and  fled  precipitately  towards  Moray.  Enecns,  their  General,  was 
killed,  as  was  another  General  named  Magnus  or  Manus,  from  whom 
Sal-vanie,  i.  e.  Manus'  Town,  takes  its  name.  The  Scots  lost  thre« 
Generals,  Kenneth,  Thane  of  the  Isles,  Dunbar,  Thane  of  Laudian, 
and  Grieme,  Thane  of  Strathern.  In  memory  of  this  victory,  the 
Episcopal  See  of  Murthlac  was  erected.  After  this,  the  Danes  had 
repeated  defeats  at  Balbryde,  Aberlemno,  Gemrie,  and  Cruden,  and 
left  the  kingdom  about  the  year  1012. 

King  Malcolm  III.  having  concluded  a  peace  with  the  King  of 
England,  was  soon  after  disturbed  by  insurrections  at  home.  The 
inhabitants  of  Moray,  Ross,  and  Caithness,  made  a  revolt,  and  rused 
a  powerful  force.    Macduff,  Earl  of  Fife,  was  detached  to  quell  this 

3T 


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35S  THB   MILITARY   HISTORY  OP  MORAY.  PART  T. 

tumult ;  but  when  he  had  come  to  Dee,  and  was  certified  of  the 
enemy's  strength,  he  halted  till  the  King;  came  up  with  a  consider- 
able reinforcement, — the  army  then  marched  to  the  river  Spey, 
where  the  rebels  on  the  other  side  were  ready  to  obstruct  their  pas- 
sage. The  Standard-bearer,  and  others,  declined  to  enter  a  river  so 
deep  and  rapid,  in  the  face  of  a  numerous  and  desperate  enemy, — 
upon  which,  one,  Alexander  de  Caron,  taking  the  Standard,  stepped 
into  the  river,  and  his  boldness  encouraged  the  army  to  follow  him. 
The  enemy,  observing  the  resoluteness  of  the  Royal  army,  laid  down 
their  weapons,  were  pardoned,  and  peace  was  restored.  Alexander 
Caron  was  made  hereditary  Standard-bearer,  and  Constable  of  the 
Castle  of  Dundee.  Having  defeated  a  bold  English  Bully,  or  Fen- 
cer, he  got  the  name  of  Scrimger,  i.  e.  Hard  Fighter,  which  became 
the  sirname  of  his  family.  One  of  his  descendants  was  created  Vis- 
count Dundee ;  but  the  male  line  failing,  the  honours  became  ex- 
tinct 

In  the  year  1110,  the  4th  of  the  reign  of  King  Alexander  I., 
some  young  GeAtlemen  in  the  Merns  and  Moray,  whose  licentious 
life  the  King  had  restrained,  conspired  to  cut  him  off.  The  conspi- 
racy was,  happily,  discovered,  and  then  the  villains  placed  their 
safety  in  an  open  rebellion,  and  got  a  great  number  of  desperadoes 
to  join  them.  The  King  raised  an  army  and  pursued  them  into  the 
country  of  Moray.  At  the  river  Spey  the  rebels  halted,  determined 
to  dispute  the  passage;  but  the  King  immediately  rode  into  the 
river,  the  army  followed,  and  he  ordered  Alexander  Scrimger,  son 
of  Alexander  Caron,  to  charge  the  enemy,  which  he  did  so  gallant- 
ly, that  many  being  killed,  the  rest  betook  themselves  to  a  precipi- 
tate flight.  The  King  pursued  them  through  all  Moray,  and  at  the 
Stock-ford,  above  Beaulie,  followed  them  into  Ross, — some  were 
apprehended  and  punished,  and  others  found  shelter  from  inacces- 
sible mountains  and  rocks.  This  resolute  action,  in  the  begiimihg 
of  his  reign,  rendered  the  remainder  of  it  peaceable. 


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PART  V.  THE   HILITART   HISTORY  OF  MORAY.  3fl9 

King  Malcolm  IV.  was  a  Prince  of  too  niihl  and  peaceable  a  dis- 
position for  the  time  in  which  he  lived  ;  and  suffered  the  Kng'lish  to 
rob  him  of  those  counties,  in  England,  which  his  predecessors  had 
possessed  for  some  g;enerations.  This  made  his  own  subjects  con- 
temn his  authority,  and  disturb  his  reign.  Somerled,  Thane  of 
ATg;yle  and  the  {ales,  was  reduced  by  Gilchrist,  (ancestor  of  tbeOgil- 
vies).  Earl  of  Ang-us, — ^the  same  Earl  defeated  Macdowal,  Lord  of 
Galloway.  But  the  Moravienses,  or  people  of  Moray,  were  not  so 
easily  reduced.  These,  under  the  command  of  Gildoaiinic,  laid 
waste  the  neighbouring'  counties,  and  so  little  regarded  the  Royal 
authority,  that  they  hanged  the  Heralds  sent  to  require  them  to  lay 
down  their  arms.  Earl  Gilchrist  was  sent  to  reduce  them,  but  was 
defeated  and  chased  over  the  Grampian  mountains.  These  insults 
upon  authority,  andthe  cries  of  his  people,  roused  the  indolent  Ring. 
About  the  year  1160,  he  marched  with  a  powerful -army,  and  found 
the  enemy  on  the  muir  of  Urquhart,  near  the  Spey,  ready  to  give 
him  battle.  Having  passed  the  river,  the  Noblemen  in  his  army 
reconnoitered  the  enemy,  and  found  them  6ushed  with  their  late 
victory,  and  become  desperate  by  rebellion.  To  fight  against  sitch 
men,  and  under  a  Prince  of  no  military  character,  would  make  the 
event  doubtful ;  and  should  they  succeed,  the  victory  would  only 
destroy  their  fellow-subjects,  and  weaken  the  force  of  the  kingdom. 
Wherefore,  they  advised  the  King  to  promise  the  rebels,  that,  upon 
their  submission,  all  their  lives  should  be  spared.  The  rebels  End- 
ing the  Bung's  army  superior,  and  resolute ;  and  considering  that 
their  own  crime  was  such,  as,  if  defeated,  left  them  no  room  to  hope 
for  favour,  they  accepted  the  King's  offer,  and  laid  down  their  arras. 
The  King  performed  his  promise  to  them ;  but,  in  regard  that  they 
were,  as  Buchanan  says,  "Homines  inquieto  semper  ingenio,"  of  a 
turbulent  and  unpeaceable  disposition,  he.  with  the  advice  of  his 
Nobles,  ordained  that  every  family  in  Moray,  that  was  engage^  in 
this  rebellion,  should,  in  a  limited  time,  remove  out. of  Muray  into 


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360  THE  MILITARY  HISTOHT  OF  HOBAT.  PART  ▼. 

ether  countries,  where  possessions  would  be  assigiieci  to  tiiem ;  and 
that  people  of  such  coantries  should  be  placed  in  Moray.  For  per- 
formance oi  this,  they  gave  hostages;  and,  at  the  time  appointed, 
transpluited  themselves,  some  into  the  northern,  but  the  greater 
number  into  the  southern  counties. 

Our  historians  say,  that  there  was  here  an  obstinate  battle,  in  which 
the  Moray-men  were  (pene  internecionem)  almost  totally  cut  off,  and 
strangers  brought  into  their  place.  But  the  account  given  in  the  ■ 
Register  of  Paisley,  is  as  1  have  here  written,  and  seems  more  pro- 
bable.— the  consequences  confirm  it ;  for  the  Moray-men,  at  that 
time  transplanted  into  the  South,  did  assume,  and  their  posterity  use> 
the  simame  of  Moray,  and  are  numerous  in  all  the  counties  soudi' 
ward  to  the  English  borders.  In  the  northern  counties,  some  retain 
the  name  of  Moray,  and  others  have  taken  that  of  Sutherland ;  but, 
in  the  Province  of  Moray,  there  have  been  very  few  of  the  name  of 
Moray,  since  the  time  of  that  action.  I  likewise  incline  to  think, 
that,  as  at  that  time  the  Macintoshes,  and,  probably,  the  Roses  of 
Geddes,  came  into  Moray,  so  the  Calders  and  Innes^,  whose  ances- 
tors were  Moray-men,  but  not  concerned  in  that  rebellion,  assumed 
sirnames  from  their  possessions. 

The  next  battle  or  fight  in  the  order  of  time,  does,  I  confess,  as  to 
the  circumstances  of  it,  depend  on  tradition  ;  but  such  as  is  unvari- 
ed. Buchanan  mentions  this  fight,  but  out  of  the  order  of  Chro- 
nology, for  it  happened,  anno  1386  ;  "  Catanei  et  Cameronii,  orto 
inter  ipsos  dissidio,  tanta  contentione  animorum  et  virium  pugnarunt, 
at  multis  Cataneorum  trucidatis,  Cameronii  pene  onmes  extinct! 
fuerunt."*  The  occasion  of  the  conflict  was  as  follows :  The  lands 
of  Macintosh,  in  Lochaber,  being  possessed  by  the  Camerons,  the 


*  A  difoi^oB  having  arisen  betveen  the  CUn  ChBttan  and  the  Camerons,  Ihey  fi)iif;bt  with  mwfa  ob- 
•tinacyofcovrage  and  strength,  that,  while  a  great  number  of  the  ClaaChatlan  was  killed,  thto  Came* 
m«  were  nearly  cut  off  to  a  nan. 


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PART    V.  THE   MILITARY    HISTORY   OF    MORAY.  961 

reots  were  seldom  levied  but  by  force,  and  in  cattle.  The  Came- 
roD8,  irritated  by  the  poinding  of  their  cattle,  resolved  to  make  re- 
prisals, and  marched  into  Badenoch,  about  400  men  strong;,  com- 
manded by  Charles  Macgilony.  Macintosh,,  informed  of  this,  in 
haste  called  his  friends  and  clan  to  meet  together.  The  Macintosh- 
es, Macphersons,  and  Davidsons,  soon  made  a  force  superior  to  the 
enemy;  but  an  unseasonable  difference  was  like  to  prove  fatal  to 
them.'  It  was  agreed  by  all»  that  Macintosh,  as  Captain  of  the  Clan 
Chattan,  should  command  the  centre  of  their  army;  but  Cluny  and 
Invemabavon  contended  about  the  command  of  the  right  wing. 
Cluny  claimed  it  as  Chief  of  the  ancient  Clan  Chattan,  of  which  the 
Ihividsons  of  Invemabavon  were  but  a  branch.  Invernahavoo 
pleaded,  that  to  bim,  as  the  oldest  branch,  the  right  hand  belonged. 
by  the  custom  of  Scotish  clans.  The  contest  was  spun  out  till  the 
enemy  were  at  hand ;  and  then  Macintoijh,  as  Umpire,  imprudently 
gave  it  in  favour  of  Invemabavon.  The  Macphersons,  in  whose 
country  they  were  met,  and  who  were  as  numerous  as  both  the  Mac- 
intoshes and  the  Davidsons,  being  greatly  offended,  withdrew  aa 
spectators.  The  conflict  was  very  sharp,  by  the  superior  number  of 
the  Camerons, — many  of  the  Macintoshes,  and  almost  all  the  David- 
sons, were  cut  off.  The  Macphersons  could  no  longer  bear  to  see 
their  brave  neighbours  and  friends  overpowered, — ^Ihey  rushed  in 
upon  the  Camerons,  and  soon  gave  them  a  total  defeat, — the  few 
that  escaped,  with  their  leader,  were  pursued  from  Invemabavon, 
the  place  of  battle,  three  miles  above  Ruthven,  in  Badeitoch,  over 
the  river  Spey ;  and  Charles  Macgilony  was  killed  in  a  hill  in  Glen- 
benchir,  which  is  still  called  Cor-HarlicK  i-  e.  Charlea'-bill. 

This  fight,  in  my  opinion,  gave  occasion  to  the  memorable  conflict 
on  the  Inch  of  Perth,  in  presence  of  the  King  and  Nobility,  anno 
1306.  Buchanan  gives  a  particular  account  of  it,  but  does  not  name 
the  combatants.  Boetius  calls  them  "  Clan  Cattani  et  Clan  Caii." 
But  though  we  read  of  those  of  the  name  of  Cay  or  Kay,  in  tb«' 

3  V 

Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


SOS  THE    MILITARY    HI9TORV   OF   MORAT.  PAKT  V. 

JLowIands,  they  are  never  reckoned  amobg  the 'Clans,  oor  had  the 
Clan  ChatUn  any  intercourse  with  them.  The  eooabat^ot^.  Uiirty 
1^  a  aide,  were  the  Macphersons,  properly. Ctan  Chattau^.and  the 
Davidsons  of  InvemahavoD.  in  En»e  called  ■  C^n-l^^i,  w.hich  is 
commonly  sounded  C/an-Cat;  and. our  historians.  igpnoran.t  (^  the 
Erse,  made  them  a  Clan  different  from,  and  at  enmity  with  the. Clan 
Chattan, — whereas  they  were  a  tribe  of  them.  I  mentioned  above 
the  rash  judgment  of  Macintosh  in  their  favour,  giving^  them  the 
rig-ht  wing  in  battle,  and  Cluny's  resentment  of  this  injurious  deci- 
BiMi, — after  which  decisi<H),  the  Macphersons  and  Davidsons,  for  ten 
years,  miseraMy  slaughtered  one  another.  The  judicious  author  of 
a  MS.  history  of  the  fitmily  of  Kilravoek,  says,  that  a  contestjabout 
precedency  was  the  occasion  of  this  conflict,  and  the  fight,  a^  Perth, 
was  constructed  a  Royal  sentence  in  favour  of  the  Macphersons,  I 
have  mentioned  this  conflict,  though  it  was  not  in  Moray,  becanse 
the  combatants  were  of  this  Province ;  and  our  historians  haveoot 
sufficiently  explained  who  they  were,  or  what  was  the  cause  of  the 
combat. 

Although  it  may  be  reckoned  a  digression,  I  shall  mention  another 
conflict,  which  was  not  within  this  Province,  tbat  I  may  rectify  a 
mistake  in  our  faistory.  Buchanan  writes,  "Emiserat  Rex  e  ci^sto- 
dia  duos  Angusios,  Duflum  et  Moravium,  latronum  duces.  Hi,  iiir- 
ore  in  se  verso,  pari  fere  numero  congress!,  (alebat  enim  e  rapinis 
latrones  quisqne  ad  1300),  adeo  pertinaciter  conflixerunt.  ut  vix  supe- 
ressent  cladis  nuncii."*  The  translator  would  make  this  a  conflict 
between  the  Duffs  and  the  Morays ;  but  it  was  anno  '1427,  betwixt 
Angus  JDubh,  or  Black  Angus  Mackay,  uicestor  to  Lord  Rae ;  and 


*  The  KiBg  bad  wt  at  llbertr  fiiB  two  Angntaec,  DuAu  ttoA  Moray,  both  vXbet  C^teiss.  ThsD, 
hmlng  (faelr  hatnd  agaiiut  Mdi  other,  uid  hftvliig  met,  with  an  almost  e^oal  nnmber  of  adherenta, 
(Ifar  aadi  of  them  malat^iied  about  IMO  (hkrcsout  of  their  plunder),  the  battle  waa  ao  Juealf  conttaU 
•d,  that  aearoe  OM  waa  left  to  teU  the  tldbp. 


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FAST  V.  TUB    MILITARY    HISTORY    OP   MORAY.  VttS 

Angfos  Moray  of  Pulro«sie,  (son  of  Alexander  Moray  of  Coidbin,  Iq 
Moray),  at  Dminnacoub,  n^ar  Tung,  in  StraUinaveri  where  both  the 
Angasses  were  killed. 

The  next  military  action,  in  ^e  order  of  time,  was  near  the  town 
of  £lg:in,  anno  1453.  When  the  £arl  of  Huntly  was  at  the  battle 
of  Brechin,  in  May,  14BQ,  Archibald  Douglas,  Earl  of  Moray,  took 
advantage  of  it,  entered  the  lands  of  Strathbolgie,  burnt  the  Castle 
of  Huntly,  and  committed  many  outrages  throughout  that  Lordship. 
The  aeeouut  of  this  stopped  Huntly  Irom  improving  his  victory,  and 
made  him  return,  in  order  to  preserve  his  own  lands.  Douglas  re- 
turned into  Moray,  and  Huntly  followed  him  with  a  vonSiderable 
force,  e^»ecially  of  Cavalry.  Douglas,  with  six  hundred  foot,  but 
few  horses,  stood  on  the  heights  of  Whitefield,  not  daring  to  face 
Huntly  on  the  plains,  lliis  provoked  the  Gordons  to  plunder  Doug^ 
las'  lands,  and  finding  that  one-half  of  the  town  of  Elgin  bad  joined 
Douglas,  they  burnt  that  half,  which  gave  rise  to  the  proverd,  *  Half 
done,  as  Elgin  was  half  burnt.*  But,  in  the  evening,  as  a  troop  or 
two  of  the  Gordons  were  spoiling  the  lands  of  Kirkhill,  in  the  parish 
of  8t  Andrews,  a  superior  detachment  of  Douglas'  men  suddenly 
attacked,  and  drove  them  over  Loasie,  and  some  of  them  were  killed 
in  the  bogs  and  fens,  which  occasioned  this  rhyme. 

What' a  come  of  thy  men,  tkou  Gordon,  go  gay  f 
They're  in  the  boge- of  Dunkintie  nwreing  the  hay,  Sfc, 

The  Ear)  of  Huntiyi  however,  drove  Douglas  into  the  South,  where 
he  was  killed  in  the  year  1435.  It  is  the  tradition  of  the  country, 
that  the  half  of  the  town  of  Elgin,  at  that  time  burnt,  stood  westward 
of  the  present  town,  and  was  never  rebuilt ;  but  the  buildings  were 
continued  eastward  to  the  precints  of  the  Elgin  College ;  and,  it  is 
thought,  thati  at  that  time,  the  Earl  of  Moray  gave  to  the"  town  of 
Elgin,  the  sixty  auchten-parts,  or  eight  parts,  of  land,  near  Pitten- 
riachf  to  compensate  the  loss  of  burning  the  half  of  the  town.  The 
town  enjoys  these  lands  by  immemorial  possession,  without  any  par*- 


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364  THE   MILITARY    HI8TOBY    OP   MORAY.  PART    T. 

ticular  charter  or  rig^ht  that  I  know  of;  but  I  incline  to  think,  that 
these  were  Castle-landt<,  granted  to  the  Earls  of  Moray  as  Constables ; 
and  that  as.  after  Douglas,  no  Earl  appears  to  have  officiated  as  Con- 
stable^  or  to  have  rc«ded  at  Elgin,  and  the  EiU'ldom  remained  long 
in  the  hands  of  the  King,  the  town's  possession  was  fixed  by  pre- 
scription, and  I  find  not  that  any  of  the  subsequent  Earls  questioned 
it. 

A  shameful  and  bloody  conflict  happened  betwixt  the  Macintoshes 
and  the  Munroes  in  the  year  1454.     The  occasion  was  this : — 

John  Munroe,  tutor  of  Fowles,  in  his  return  from  Edinburgh, 
rested  upon  a  meadow  in  Strathardale,  and  both  he  and  his  servants 
falling  asleep,  the  peevish  owner  of  the  meadow  cut  off  the  tails  (^ 
his  horses.  This  he  resented,  as  the  Turks  would  resent  the  cutting 
off  their  horse's  tails,  which  they  reckon  a  grievous  insult.  He  re- 
turned soon  with  three  hundred  and  fifty  men,  spoiled  Strathardale, 
and  drove  away  their  catUe, — in  passing  by  the  Loch  of  Moy,  in 
Strathem,  he  was  observed. 

Macintosh,  then  residing  in  the  Island  of  Moy,  sent  to  ask  a  Sii^ 
Baide,  or  Stike  Criech,  i.  e.  a  Road  Collup. — a  custom  among  the 
Highlanders,  that,  when  a  party  drove  any  spoil  of  cattle  through  a 
Gentleman's  land,  they  should  give  him  part  of  the  spoil.  Munroe 
offered  what  he  thought  reasonable,  but  not  what  was  demanded. 
Macintosh,  irritated  by  some  provoking  words  given  to  his  messen- 
ger, convocated  a  body  of  men,  pursued  the  Munroes,  and,  at  Claeh- 
naharie,  near  Inverness,  they  fought  desperately, — many  were  killed 
on  each  side,  among  whom  was  the  Laird  of  Macintosh, — John  Mun- 
roe was  wounded  and  lamed,  and  ever  after  called  John  Bacilach. 
The  Munroes  had  great  advantage  of  ground,  by  lurking  among  the 
rocks, — whilst  the  Macintoshes  were  exposed  to  their  arrows.  How 
rude  and  barbarous  was  the  spirit  of  men  in  those  days?  And 
upon  what  trifiing,  nay  shameful  provocations,  did  they  butcher  one 
another? 


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PAST  V.  TBB  MILITARY   HIBTORT  OP  MOSAT.  tOft 

The  next,  in  order  of  time,  was  the  battle  of  Cean-Loch-Lochie, 
in  the  year  1544.  The  minority  uf  the  inlvnt  Queen^  and  the  dis*^ 
turbance  raised  in  the  south  by  the  Queen  mother  and  Cardinal 
Beaton,  encouraged  the  Highlanders  to  break  loose,  and  to  hope  for 
impunity, — particularly  the  Clan  Ranald  became  very  unruly.  Ra* 
nald,  son  of  Donald  Glasa  of  Moidart,  was  sister's  son  of  Hugh,  Lord 
Lovat ;  and  the  Clan  Ranald,  conceiving  a  prejudice  against  him, 
much  upon  Loral's  account,  dispossessed  him.  and  put  John  Mac- 
ranald,  his  cousin,  in  possession  of  the  estate.  Lovat  resented  this 
injustice,'  and  repossessed  his  own  nephew,  but  the  unruly  clan  dis* 
possessed  Ranald  again,  and  laid  waste  a  part  of  Lovat's  lands  in 
Gtenelg.  Then  George,  Earl  of  Huntly,  Lieutenant  of  the  North, 
was  ordered  to  march  against  the  Clan  Ranald,  and  to  reduce  them 
to  a  peaceable  behaviour.  He  set  out  in  the  end  of  May,  1544,  at* 
tended  by  the  Macintoshes,  Grants,  and  Erasers;  and  when. they  ar- 
rived in  Lochaber,  all  differences  were  composed  in  a  seemingly 
amicable  way,  by  the  mediation  of  the  Earl  of  Argjie.  Ranald  was 
put  in  possession  of  the  estate.  Huntly  returned  liouie.  The  Mac- 
intoshes and  Grants  conveyed  Lovat  to  Gloy,  now  called  the  Nine^ 
Mile-Water,  and  offered  to  escort  him  into  his  own  country.  But 
Lovat,  apprehending  no  danger,  declined  it;  and  they  marched 
borne  by  Badenoch.  Lovat  soon  came  to  see  his  error;  for,  at  Let- 
erBnlay,  be  was  informed,  that  the  Clan  Ranald  were  at  hand,  in 
full  march,  to  intercept  him.  He  despatched  Bean-Clerach,  with 
50  men,  to  secure  an  important  pass;  but  Bean  either  losing  hia 
way,  or  playing  the  knave,  kept  out  of  danger.  Ag  Lovat  came  tp 
the  north  end  of  Loch-Lochie,  the  Clan  Ranald  appeared,  coming 
down  the  bill  from  the  west,  about  500  in  seven  companies.  Lovat 
had  about  300,  who  all  stript  to  the  shirts,  the  day  (July  Sd)  being 
very  hot ;  and  hence  the  battle  was  called  B/ar-A'on-ifTin,  i.  e.  the 
Field  of  Shirts.  The  fight  was  vefy  obstinate,  first  with  arrows* 
IM)d  m\i  wilb  sword  and  target.     In  the  heat  of  action,  Simon, 

8X 


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9C5  THE    MIUTAMY    HISTORY    OP  MOBAT.  PABT  T. 

Master  of  Lovat,  came  up  with  a  few  men,  and  rushed  in  to  find  his 
father;  bat  soon  received  a  mortal  wmiod.  His  fatfm  observmg^  it 
became  desperate,  and  both  were  killed.  The  fight  coDtinued  tiM 
nigfht;  and  tradition  bears,  that  only  four  of  the  Frasers.  and  ten  of 
the  Clan  Ranald,  remained  alive. 

Buchanan,  and  the  MS.  account  of  Lovat's  family,  blame  the  Eari 
of  Huntly  for  this  barbarous  conflict, — that  he  had  privately  stirred 
up  the  Clan  Ranald  to  intercept  Lovat  The  character  of  that  Eari, 
and  the  resentment  of  his  treachery,  lon§:  entertained  by  the  Frasers, 
found  a  suspicion  that  he  was  g:uilty,  and  the  author  of  the  history  of 
that  family  makes  but  a  poor  defence  for  him.  One  remarkable  cir- 
cumstance is  observed  by  our  historians,  that  eig^hty  gentlemen  of 
the  Erasers,  killed  in  this  conflict,  had  left  their  vrives  pregnant,  who 
all  brought  forth  male-children,  which  contributed  much  to  recruit 
tbe  clan. 

The  battle  of  Glenlirat  was  so  called,  because  it  was  foagbt  in 
Uiat  glen.  It  was,  likewise,  called  the  battle  of  Altchonlachan, 
from  a  small  brook  of  that  name,  betwixt  Glenlivat  and  Glenrinnes, 
on  the  banks  of  which  it  was  fought.  The  occasion  of  this  battle 
was,  the  Earl  of  Huntly,  having  basely  murdered  the  Earl  of  Minray, 
at  Dunibristle,  anno  1593,  became,  on  that  account,  odious  to  idl 
Protestants.  And  he,  with  the  Earls  of  Errol  and  Angus,  entered 
into  a  conspiracy  against  both  church  and  state,  and  invited  tbe 
King  ef  Spain  to  invade  the  kingdom.  The  church  at  length  ex- 
communicated, and  the  King  (unwillingly)  forfeited  these  Noble* 
men,  and  gave  commission  to  the  Earl  of  Argyle,  a  youth  of  nine- 
teen years  of  age,  and  of  no  military  skill,  to  reduce  them.  The 
Earl  of  Atbole,  Lords  Forbes  and  Lovat,  the  Macneils,  Macleans, 
Mackenzies.  Macintoshes,  Grants,  Munroes,  Irvines,  and  the  Les- 
lies of  Balquhan,  were  summoned  to  join  Argyle,  and  the  King  pro- 
mised to  follow  him  in  person,  with  another  army.  The  rebel  Lords 
were  not  afraid, — they  knew  the  King's  favour  for  them,  and  that  he 


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PART   V.  THE  MILITARY    HiaTORY    OF    MORAY.  3G7 

would  nuke  no  haste, — they  also  knew  Arg^ie's  want  of  experience, 
;and  that  many  in  his  army  were  Roman  Catholics,  and  would  not 
heartily  promote  the  Protestant  interest ;  and  that  all  his  army  were 
a  raw  miliUa.  Wherefore  they  prepared  a  body  of  horse,  all  gentle- 
men, and  some  field-pieces,' — they  likewise  corrupted  the  Grants,  and 
Campbell  of  Lochinel. 

Arg'yle  marched  in  the  beg:inhing  of  September,  1594,  and,  on  the 
37th,  Itud  siege  to  the  Castle  of  Ruthven,  in  Badenoch.  But  the 
Macphersons,  Huntly's  vassals,  defended  it  so  bravely,  that  he  soon 
raised  the  sieg«,  and,  marchings  through  Strathspey,  came  to  Drum- 
min,  on  the  2d  October.  The  Earls  of  Huntly  and  Errol,  for  An- 
gus had  not  come  up,  were  that  day  at  Auchindun.  Argyle's  coun- 
cil advised  him  to  wait  for  the  King,  at  least  till  the  Frasers  and 
Mackenzie^  should  join  them,  and  till  the  Irvines,  Forbesses,  and 
Leslies,  should  come  up  with  their  horse,  and  make  a  balance  with 
the  enemy's  horse ;  but,  on  the  approach  of  the  enemy,  Oct.  3d,  he 
determined  to  fight.  .  The  numbers  are  not  ag^reed  on.  Some  gave 
Argyle  10,000,  and  Huntly  but  900.  Straloch  gives  Huntly  1,330. 
Calderwood  makes  Huntly's  army  1,400,  and  Argyle's  5,000.  Hunt- 
ly and  Errol  could  raise  a  far  greater  number;  and,  considering  the 
five  clans  that  had  not  come  up  to  Argyle,  though  the  other  clans 
had  made  500  each,  which  certainly  they  did  not,  they  would  not 
make  5,000.  The  field  of  battle  was,  the  declivity  of  a  hill  betwixt 
.Glenlivat  and  Glenrinnes.  The  Macintoshes  and  Macleans  made 
Argyle's- right  wing,-r-'the  Grants,  Macneils,  and  Macgregors,  the 
left;  and  the  Campbells,  &c.,  the  centre.  Huntly's  field-pieces, 
which  many  had  never  seen  before,  put  the  Highlanders  into  dis- 
order ;  and  his  horses  rushing  in,  increased  it.  Campbell  of  Lochi- 
nel (whose  brother  Argyle  had  put  to  death,  for  murdering  Camp- 
bell of  Calder,  anno  1593,  and  who  himself  was  Argyle's  nearest  heir) 
had  wrote  to  Huntly,  to  point  his  artillery  against  the  yellow  Stan- 
dard-   This  was  done;  and  Lochinel  falling,  all  his  men  fled..  Johu 


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908  THE    niLITABY    RISTOBT    OP    HOBAY.  PABT  T. 

Grant  of  Gartinbeif,  Huntly's  vassal,  had  concerted,  that  the  Grants 
wlioin  he  commauded  should  retreat,  how  soon  the  action  began ; 
and  they  did  »o.  Thus  the  centre  and  the  left  wing  were  broken  by 
treachery.  The  right  wing  stood  6rni  after  the  rest  bad  fled,  and 
retreated  with  order  and  safety.  And  Macquaire  observes,  that  had 
they  been  sustained,  they  had  certainly  carried  the  victory.  Argyle 
attempted  in  vain  to  rally  his  men.  The  victory  was  complete.  On 
Ai^yle's  side  300  were  killed,  l>e.'<ides  Macneil  of  Bara,  Lochinel, 
and  his  brother.  On  the  other  side  Errol  was  wounded ;  Sir  Patrick 
Gordon  of  Auchindun,  Huntly's  uncle,  and  Gordon  of  Gight,  with 
tn-elve  more,  were  killed;  and  many  more  were  wounded. 
■  The  King,  in  his  usual  dissimulation,  was  glad  of  Argyle'a  defeat, 
lind  jested  him  upon  it.  "Magnis  iteneribus  ad  Regem  tendit,  qui, 
quod  omneA  sciunt,  Argadi  adversom  casum  non  indrgne  tulit,  aed 
potius  |>er  joces  et  prwlii  irrisionem,  deeventu  cum  eosAppiusegit."* 
Gordon  of  Straloch,  in  his  account  of  this  battle,  says,  "  On  the 
fourth  night  a^er  the  King's  return,  I  saw  Lennox,  Huiitly,  and 
Balquhan,  at  supper,  privately  in  my  father's  house,  which  could  not 
be  without  the  King's  knowledge,"  And  Burnet  of  Crimond,  in  his 
MS.  history,  declares,  "  That  he  saw,  among  Huntly's  papers,  a  pri- 
vate remission  to  him  for  the  battle  of  Glenlivat,  granted  in  that  same 
year,  1504."  All  these  circumstances  considered,  it  was  no  wonder 
that  Argyle  was  defeated. 

I  come  now  to  give  some  account  of  the  battle  of  Aldearn.  Mon- 
trose having,  on  the  2d  of  February,  1645,  in  the  night,  surprised 
the  Campbells,  at  Inverlochie,  in  Lochaber,  and  thereby  defeated 
them,  wrot^  a  vaunting  letter  to  King  Charles  I.,  which  he  thus 
concludes : — *'  Give  me  leave,  after  I  have  reduced  this  country  to 
obedience,  and  conquered  from  Dan  to  fieersheba,  to  say  to  your 


*  By  ToTced  DiBivbcs  he  Mrired  whent  the  King  ma,  wha,  ae  every  body  kneiF,  rather  noticed  at  Ar- 
(jle'i  defeat,  and,  mem  by  joking  and  Unghitg  at  the  Ulll^  freqieiitlji  alluded  to  the  imie. 


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FAST  V.  THE   MILITARY   HISTOBT  OF   MOBAY.  tW 

Majesty,  ai  David'a  General  to  his  Master,  Come  thon  thyself,  least 
this  coontry  be  called  by  my  name."  This  vain  letter  made  tha 
King'  break  off  the  treaty  with'  Uxbridg;e,  which  proved  his  rain. 

Montrose  marched  into  Moray,  and  was  soon  joined  by  Lord  Gpr^ 
don,  the  Earl  of  Aboyne,  Lord  Napier,  and  others.  The  Covenant- 
ers, in  the  mean  time,  had  called  over  1,000  of  their  troops  from  Ire- 
land, to  join  their  raw  militia,  and  Baillie  remaining  in  the  South* 
Horry  marched  into  the  North,  and  came  to  Inverness,  understand- 
ing that  Montrose  was  reinforced  with  1,000  foot,  and  SOO  horse  of 
tike  Gordons,  and  was  marching  back  from  Strathbog;gie.  Hurry 
called  in  the  asustance  of  the  Frasers,  Mackenzies,  Roaaes,  Suther- 
lands,  and  Brodies,  and  made  an  army  of  about  3,fi00  foot,  and  400 
horse.  Montrose's  army  consisted  of  about  3,000  foot,  and  400  horse, 
made  up  of  Gcnrdons,  Macdonalds,  Macphersoh^  and  Irish.  On  May 
4th,  1645,  they  engaged,  near  the  village  of  Aldeam,  immediately 
above  the  house  of  Kinnudie.  The  fight  was,  for  a  little,  obstinate  and 
dubitraa;  till  Lord  Gordon,  bravely  charging  with  his  horse.  Major 
Drnmmond  called  the  Crowner,  who  commanded  Hurry's  horse, 
wheeling  about  unskilfully,  broke  the  foot-ranks  of  their  own  men, 
and  then  Lord  Gordon  soon  put  them  to  a  precipitate  retreat.  To  Ukis 
bad  CMiduct  of  Drnmmond,  the  defeat  was  greatly  owing,  for  which 
he  was  tried  at  Inverness,  and  shot.  About  800  of  the  Covenanters 
were  killed,  among  whom  were  Campbell  of  Lawers,  and  Sir  Hugh 
and  Gideon  Murrays.  The  loss  on  Montrose's  side  was  considerable, 
and  among  the  killed  was  William  Macpherson  of  Invereschie. 
This,  and  the  two  following  victories  at  Alford,  too  much  elated  Mo»- 
tiote^  who  understood  better  how  to  gain  than  to  improve  a  victory. 
This  appeared  at  the  total  defeat  at  PhiUiphaugh,  Sept.  I3th,  this 
year,  i^er  which  he  could  not  bring  any  force  into  the  field. 

Hie  battle  of  Cromdale,  anno  1600,  comes  next  to  be  described. 
The  death  of  Uie  Viscount  Dundee,  in  the  battle  of  Kyllicrankie, 
July  10, 1080,  was  the  ruin  of  Ring  James*  afiairs  in  Scotland.    Co- 

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970  THE    MILITARY    HISTORY    or   MORAY.  PART    T. 

lonel  Canon,  with  3,000  men,  surprised  the  Ear)  of  .Angus'  regiment 
at  Dunkeld,  in  Sep.  1680;  but  the  brave  Colonel  Cletand,  with  l;300^ 
made  him  retire,  with  no  small  loss  both  of  men  and  of  repatation. 
Canon  retired  into  Locfaaber,  and,  in  spring,  1600,  Colonel  Bucban, 
with  about  forty  officers,  was  sent  over  from  Ireland,  and  assumed 
the  command.  In  the  beginning  of  April  the  rebel  chiefs  had  a  meet- 
ing. Some  inclined  to  capitulate;  but  Sir  Ewan  Cameron  diverted 
this,  hoping  that  another  campaign  would  retrieve  their  aflairs;  and 
till  the  seed-time  should  be  closed,  and  greater  nunibers  should  be 
raised.  Colonel  Buchan,  with  about  1,500  of  Macleans,  Macdonald^ 
Macphersons,  Camerons,  and  Grants  of  Glenmorriston,  marched  to* 
wards  the  Lowlands,  to  amuse  and  fatigue  the  King's  troops.  In 
marching  through  Strathspey,  they  plundered  the  country,  and,  in 
passing  towards  Strathboggie,  they  burnt  the  house  ijf  Edinglassie ; 
but  Mr  Gordon  made  severe  reprisals;  for  in  their  return  he  seized 
eighteenoftheir  number,  and  hanged  them  on  the  trees  of  his  garden. 
By  this  time  Sir  Thomas  Livingstone  had  come  to  Inverness  with 
a  battalion  of  foot,  six  troops  of  dragoons,  and  two  of  horse.  The 
rebels  informed  of  this,  returned  towards  the  Highlands,  and  Living* 
stone  resdved  to  intercept  them.  Conducted  by  some  gentlemen  trf 
the  Grants,  he  marched,  on  the  night  of  30th  April,  with  the  horse 
and  dragoons,  leaving  the  foot  to  follow.  By  the  dawning  of  the 
morning.  May  1,  1690,  he  came  to  the  I>airirade,  or  top  of  the  hill 
above  Castle-Grant,  and,  that  he  might  not  be  discovered,  he  was 
directed  down  the  valley  of  Auchinarrow,  to  cross  Spey  below  Delia* 
chaple.  The  enemy  had  come  to  Cromdale,  April  30th,  and  choos- 
ing to  keep  near  the  bill,  encamped  that  night  near  Lethindie,  and 
had  some  advanced  guardtt  near  the  Kirk  of  Cromdale, — whidi 
guards  observed  the  troops  fording  the  river,  and  alarmed  Uie  camp. 
This  moved  the  General  to  mount  some  of  the  Grants  on  dragoon 
horses,  and  all  the  horse  and  dragoons  led  by  these  gentlemen  rode 
smartly,  (the  distance  being  about  a  mile,  and  a  part  of  the  road  con- 


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PART  Y.  THB    MILITARY    HISTOBV   OF    MORAT.      .  t7l 

cealed  by  a  birch  wood),  and  surprised  the  enemy  before  they  could 
all  get  into  their  cloaths,  who  fled  precipitately  about  a-half  mile, 
many  of  them  quite  naked,  and  at  the  foot  of  the  hill  of  Cronidale 
faced  about,  and  made  a  faint  defence,  but  were  aoon  routed ;  and, 
had  not  the  hill  been  so  steep  that  the  horse  could  not  pursue,  few 
would  have  escaped.  There  were  above  a  hundred  killed,  and  about 
sixty  were  made  prisoners,  who  were  found  in  the  Castle  of  Lethin- 
die,  and  the  mill.  It  deserves  to  be  remarked,  that  Colonel  Mac- 
donald  of  Keppach,  who  was  ever  keen  for  plunder,  but  never  once 
fought  for  his  King,  would  not  encamp  with  the  other  rebels,  bat 
with  bis  men  quartered  in  Garvlin,  half-a-mile  distant,  and  thereby 
escaped  without  loss.  Such  ofthe  rebels  as  climbed  up  the  hill  could 
not  be  pursued.  But  a  party  of  Camerons  and  Macleans,  who  next 
day  crossed  the  river,  were  pursued,  and,  on  the  muir  of  Granisb, 
near  Aviemore,  some  were  killed,  and  the  rest  taking  shelter  in 
Craigelachie,  and  Keppach,  who,  with  their  banditti,  attempted  to 
reduce  the  Castle  of  Lochinelan,  in  Rothiemarchus,  were,  by  that 
Laird  and  his  tenants,  beat  off  with  loss. 

The  Rebellion,  in  the  year  1715,  is  fresh  in  the  memory  of  some 
yet  living.  On  November  I3th,  that  year,  the  rebels,  at  Preston,  in 
£ngland,  were  forced  to  surrender, — on  the  same  day  the  battle  of 
Sheriffmuir  was  fought,  which,  in  the  consequences  of  it,  was  a  com- 
plete victory.  And,  likewise,  on  that  day,  the  Town  and  Castle  of 
Inverness  were  surrendered.  On  Saturday,  November  12lh,  Arthur 
Rose,  brother  to  Kilravock,  a  bold  and  daring  man,  with  Robert 
Rose,  brother  to  Btackhills,  and  twelve  chosen  men,  undertook  to 
surprise  the  main-guard  in  the  Tolbooth.  They  were  in  the  twilight 
conducted  by  one  of  the  rebels,  who  promised  to  get  the  door  opened, 
upon  which  they  might  rush  in.  The  villain  got  access,  but  loudly 
alarmed  the  guard,  and  Arthur  Rose  pressing  to  get  in  was  bruised 
betwixt  the  door  and  the  door-cheek,  and  shot  through  the  body,  of 
which  he  died  in  a  few  hours.     This  so  enraged  Kilravock,  that  he 


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979  THB   HILITABY   HISTORY  OF   HORAT.  PAST  V. 

summoned  the  Governor  to  sarrender,  else  he  would  set  the  town  in 
fire  in  «  few  hours.  Sir  John  Mackenzie  of  Conl,  Governor,  know- 
ing  Kilravock'B  resoluteness,  knowing:  likewise  that  Lovat,  with  the 
Frasers  irom  the  Aird,  and  a  battalion  of  Grants  from  Strathspey* 
were  approaching;,  he  seized  all  the  boats  on  the  river,  and  transport- 
ed his  garrison  into  Ross,  early  in  the  morning;  of  November  13th,— 
then  Kilravock  and  Culloden  g^arrisoned  the  town  for  the  Govern- 
ment. Thus  was  the  town  of  Inverness  reduced  by  Kilravock,  al- 
tiioogh  others,  who  had  no  share  in  it.  assumed  the  praise. 

The  battle  of  Culloden,  on  the  16th  of  April,  1746,  is  ao  recent 
and  fresh  in  our  memories,  that  I  shall  take  no  fiirther  noUee  of  it, 
than  to  observe,  that  it  has  broken  the  charm  of  the  Broad  Sword 
and  Target,  and  may  convince  the  Highlanders,  that,  in  the  way  c^ 
fighting  now  practised,  their  ondisciplined,  though  brave  militii^ 
cannot  stand  before  well-disciplined  troops,  conducted  by  a  proper 
General. 

I  now  come  to  give  some  account  of  the  Military  ways  within 
this  Province.  It  was  the  custom  of  the  Romans  to  make  Military 
ways  or  roads,  in  all  conquered  countries,  for  the  more  easy  com- 
munication between  their  Colonies  and  Forts.  Xiphil  says  of  Seve- 
rus,  "  Ingressus  est  in  Caledoniam,  eamque  dum  pertransiret,  habuit 
maxima  negotia,  quod  Sylvas  ctederet,  et  loca  alta  perfoderet,  quod- 
que  paludes  obmeret  aggere,  et  pontes  in  fluminibus  faceret."* 
There  are  clear  vestiges  of  those  ways  in  the  Lothians  and  flf<^ 
particularly  one  that  runs  from  Crail  to  SUrling-bridge,  along  the 
coast. 

It  was  in  the  year  1724,  that  General  Wade,  commissioned  by  his 
Majesty,  to  enquire  into  some  disorders  committed  in  the  Highlands, 


■  Htt  ivnidcd  Caledaalk,  and,  In  hU  fioqjtm,  endared  the  hniTieit  lalnmr  In  cnttiag  hit  iMa^o 
dmn^  miada,  lerelliiig  stMtnictbiis,  in  r^ttttg  tnoaiuU  (bnmBh  mirdtei,  uid  in  inalilng  bridgM  oa 
Ann, 


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PART  r.  THB   MILITARY    HIBTORT   OF   HORAT.  9TS 

projected  'the  roads  that  are  now  so  useful.  Next  year  they  were 
bei^un.  Thd  first  road  was  from  Stirling-  to  Inremess^and  Fort- 
Augustus, — ^thie  road  runs  in  two  branches, — one  by  Dninkeld  and 
BlatrofiAlhole.-i'-the other  by  Duniblain,  Glenalmond,  and  Aberfel- 
die,  and  they  meet  at  Delnakerdich,  aod,  enter  this  Prsvidoe- at  Dat- 
whinnie,  where  the  road  ag;ain.  branches  into  two, — ^the  one  leads  six 
miles  to  Caitulack,  three, to  Gayamor^  and  twelve  to  Fort-Augus- 
tna,-^the  other  branct^  is  nine  miles  to  ^p^hven,  ten  to  Aviemore, 
ten  tti  Corribruch,  and  ten  to  Inverness.  At  the  same  time,  the  road 
from  Inverness  to  Fort-William  was  begun.  From  Inverness  to  tha 
General's  Lodge  are  twelve  miles,  about  seven  of  these  are  upon  the 
bank  of  Lochness,  a  part  of  which,  called  the  Black  Rock,  was  a 
very  high  precipice  hanging  over  the  Loch.  Here,  for  almost  half- 
a-mite,  the  rock  was  blown  up  with  powder,  and  the  miners  were 
hung  by  ropes  in  boring,  into  it.  Now  the  road  is  beautiful  and 
safe,  secured  from  the  precipice  below  by  a  wall  three  feet  high, — 
from  the  General's  Lodge  to  Fort-Augustus  are  twelve  miles, — 
thence  to  Letirfinlay  twelve ;  and  thence  to  Fort-William  twelve 
miles.  In  the  year  1753,  the  road  from  Fort-George,  in  Ardersier» 
to  Perth  was  begun.  It  runs  from  the  Fort  to  Kilravock  four  miles, 
— ^to  the  river  of  Ern  seven  miles,— to  Castle  Grant  five  miles, — to 
the  river  of  Avon  six  miles, — to  Corrigarf  seven  miles ;  and  thenca 
by  Castletown  of  Braemar,  Glenshee,  and  Blair  of  Gowrie  to  Perth. 
There  are,  likewise,  roads  from  Fort-Augustus  and  from  Inverness 
to  Bemera  in  Glenelg. 

These  roads  are  from  twenty  to  twenty-foor  feet  broad,  run  in 
straight  lines  where  the  hills  permit,  are  annually  repaired,  have 
aqueducts  and  side  drains,  great  stones  are  set  up  on  end  on  the 
road-aide,  as  guides  in  snow  or  mist.  And,  besides  bridges  on  rivers, 
every  brook  and  rivulet  has  a  bridge  over  it  In  a  word,  this  is  a 
work  that  might  have  added  lustre  to  the  Roman  name, — by  means 
of  thesci  roads,  soldiers  have  a  straight  and  easy  route, — artillery  is 

3  Z 


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^4  THE    MILITARY    HISTORY    OP    MORAY.  PART   T. 

carried  into  all  the  Forts, — wag'g;on8,  coaches,'  and  all  kinds  of  wheel- 
carriagres,  can  pass  from  south  to  north. — ^the  weekly  posts  make 
quick  despatch, — commerce  and  intercourse  are  made  easy, — con- 
venient lodjpng;  IS  fowid  at  every  stage,  and  the  Highlands  will  be 
gradually  civilized  and  improved. 

I  shall  now  conclude  this  part  with  an  account  of  some  ancient 
customs,  chiefly  Military,  observed  in  this  and  other  Provinces. 

Anciently,  every  Chief  of  a  Clan  was,  by  his  dependents,  con- 
sidered as  a  little  Prince,  not  absolute,  but  directed  by  the  Gentle- 
men of  his  Clan.  As  the  PrimoreB  Regni,  and  all  who  held  of  the 
King,  in  capiie,  were  his  Grand  Council  or  Parliament ;  so  the  Gen- 
tlemen and  heads  of  families  were  to  the  Chief,  by  whose  advice  all 
things  that  regarded  the  Clan,  or  particular  families,  were  deter- 
mined, differences  were  removed,  injuries  were  punished  or  redress- 
ed, law-suits  prevented,  declining  families  supported,  and  peace  or 
war  with  oilier  clans  agreed  upon. 

Young  chiefs  and  heads  of  families  were  regarded,  according  to 
iheir  military  or  peaceable  dispositions.  If  they  revenged  a  Clan- 
quarrel,  by  killing  some  of  the  enemy,  or  carrying  off  their  cattle, 
and  laying  their  lands  waste,  they  were  highly  esteemed ;  .and 
great  hopes  were  conceived  of  them.  But,  if  ihey  failed  in  such  at- 
tempts, they  were  little  respected, — yea,  despised  if  they  did  not  in- 
cline to  them. 

Clans  had  their  Military  Officers,  not  arbitrarily  or  occasionally 
chosen,  but  fixed  and  perpetual.  The  Chief  was  Colonel  or  prin- 
cipal Commander.  The  oldest  cadet  was  Lieutenant- Colonel,  and 
commanded  the  right  wing.  The  youngest  cadet  commanded  the 
rear.  Every  head  of  a  distinct  family  was  Captain  of  his  own 
Tribe. 

Every  Clan  had  an  Ensign  or  Standard-bearer,  which  office  was 
at  first  coofered  on  some  one  who  had  behaved  gallantly,  and  usually 


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PART   V.  THE   MILITARY   HISTORY  OF  MORAY.  37d 

it  became  hereditary  in  his  family,  and  was  supported  by  a  g^ratuity. 
or  a  small  annual  salary. 

Every  Chief,  usually,  had  his  Bard,  Poet,  or  Orator,  whose  office 
it  was  (as  amonj^  the  Germans)  in  time  of  war  to  excite  and  animate 
them,  by  reciting:  the  brave  actions  of  the  Clan,  and  particularly  of 
their  ancestors  and  chiefs,  as  Lucan  writes, 

Vos  qtwqiie,  qui  fortes  animus,  belloque  peremptag, 
Laudibu«  in  lonffitm.  Votes,  diffanditia  eevum, 
Plurima  gecarifudiatia  camiina  Bardi.* 

At  marriog^es,  they  recited  the  Genealog;y  of  the  married  couple, 
and  sung;  an  Epithalamium.  And,  at  burials,  they  mournfully  sung: 
the  Elegy  of  the  Chief  or  greot  man. 

Their  Military  Music  was  the  Great  Pipe.  The  office  of  Piper 
was  often  hereditary,  and  had  a  small  salary  annexed  to  it.  And 
the  Pipers  of  several  Clans  had  a  chief  Piper  who  governed  them ; 
and  schools  in  which  they  were  instructed. 

The  most  of  their  time  being:  employed  in  Military  exploits,  or  in 
hunting:,  every  Clan  had  a  stated  place  of  rendezvous,  where  tliey 
met  when  called  by  their  Chief  The  manner  of  convociating:  them 
on  a  sudden  emerg^ent  was  by  the  Fiery-Crosa. 

The  Chief  ordered  two  men  to  be  despatched,  one  to  the  upper, 
and  the  other  to  the  lower  end  of  his  lands,  each  carrying:  ^  Pi>\e  or 
Staff,  with  a  cross-tree  in  the  upper  end  of  it,  and  that  end  burnt 
black.  As  they  came  to  any  villag:e  or  house,  they  cried  aloud  the 
Military  Cry  of  the  Clan,  and  all  who  heard  it  armed  quickly,  and 
repaired  to  the  place  of  rendezvous.  If  the  runner  became  fatig:ued, 
another  must  take  the  Pole. 

Every  Clan  had  a  peculiar  Cry  of  War,  by  hearing:  which,  they 
were  convocated  to  the  place  of  g:eneral  meeting:.     The  cry  of  the 


*  Likewise  ye  Min.ilmh,  who  celelxJle  in  sim'nx  of  end!a<t  praiw,  fbe  bnire  mrrion  who  die  k 
battle,  ye  lutTC  poured  furtli  the  numeroui  wngs  of  the  fUrd,  Iree  Tram  the  toib  and  daii(^  of  mr. 


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97^  THB   HILITAKY   HISTORY  6F  HOSAT.  PAAT  T. 

MacdoDalds  was  Fr&ieK  !•  e.  Heather, — ^  tb«  Macphertonfl^  CVofy- 
u£Am, — of  the  Mackenzies,  TuUick-ard,-r<i{  the  Grants,  Cra^- 
JBlachie.  And  this  wafl  the  cry  of  him  Uiat  carried  the  Fiery- 
Cross. 

Every  Clan  had  a  distinguishing  'Badgie> 'whereby  they  might  be 
known,  as  they  had  no  military  habit  or  livery.  Their  badges  were 
natural  and  plain,  (not  ribbonds,  feathers,  or  fsuch  gewgaws),  which 
they  wore  in  their  bonnets.  The  Macdonalds  wore  a  bush  of  Heather, 
— ^the  Macintoshes  a  Holly-branch, — the  Grants  a  Fir-bush,  i&c. 

Upon  an  expedition,  they  much  regarded  Omens.  An  armed  man 
meeting  them  was  a  good  omen.  If  a  woman  bare-footed  crossed 
the  road  before  them,  they  seized  her,  and  fetched  blood,  from  her 
forehead.  If  a  Deer,  Fox,  Hare,  or  any  beast  of  game  appeared, 
and  they  did  not  kill  it,  it  was  an  unlucky  omen,  <&c. 

The  Cuid-Oidche,  i,  e.  a  night's  provision  was  paid  by  many 
tenants.  In  hunting,  or  going  on  an  expedition,  the  tenant  who 
lived  near  the  hill,  furnished  his  master  and  his  followers  a  night's 
entertainment,  with  brawn  for  his  dogs.  This  is  now  converted 
into  a  stated  rent 

Passing  other  customs.  I  proceed  to 


Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


PAKT    VI 


ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY  OF  MORAY. 


SectioH  I. — The  Heathen  or  P<igan  Church — containing  an  Ac^ 
count  of  the  Druida — their  Office — Region — Priest* — Worahip 
— Soiemnitiea — Sacr^ices  and  Ceranoniea — Judges — -Vats — 
Sards — Female  Druids — Templea — Deities — Customs — Buri&U 
— the  Origin  of  Dru^ism,  8sc. 

SfiiCT.  II. — 7%e  Jirst  planting  of  Christianity  in  Scotland — <Ae 
Origin  o/"  the  Keledees — their  Purity ,  Sfc. 

Sect.  III. — The  Romish  or  Popish  Church — the  Regular  Clergy 
— Abbeys,  Abbey  ff  Kinloss — Priories,  l^rgukart.PiuMxirdent 
Kingussie — Convents,  Black-Friars,  Gray-Friar»,  Gray-Sister* 
— the  Preceptory  of  Maison  Dieu—St  Nicholas  HospitaJr^—tJte 
Templars  and  Joannite  Knights — the  Secular  Clergy^— the 
Diahf^mc  of  Mortlich — the  Bishopric  of  Moray — List  of  the 
Bishc^  of  Moray — Extent  of  the  Diocese— the  Cathedral  at 
Bimie,  and  at  Spynui — the  Cathedral  at  Elgin — Inscription  and 
Dimensions  of  it — ffow  demolished — the.  Collie  of  Elgin — the 
Bishop's  Palace  at  Kenedar — the  Palace  of  Spynie  described — 
the  Revenues  of  the  Bishopric — Dignified  Clergy — Inferior  Clergy 
— Government  of  the  Church,  Sfc. 

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370  THK    ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTOBT.  PART    YL 

Sect.  IV. — The  Protestant  Church.  Firsts  Of  the  teveral change* 
in  the  Government  of  the  Church,  and  the  conduct  of  the  Cla^ 
eince  the  Reformation.  Secondly,  Of  the  Bishop*  of  Moray  since 
the  Reformation,  their  Jurisdictions  and  Revenues.  Thirdly, 
The  Ministers  of  the  several  Parishes,  with  an  account  of  the 
Patron,  Stipend,  School,  Mortifications,  Chapels,  and  number  of 
Catechiseable  persons  in  each  of  them.  And,  Fourthly,  The 
State  of  Religion  in  the  Province  since  the  Reformation  in  1560, 
to  the  present  time. 


SECTION  I. 

The  Heathen  or  Pagan  Church. 

It  cannot  be  doubted,  that,  in  this  ProTince,  as,  indeed,  in  all  Bri- 
tain, Draidism  was  the  mode  of  the  Heathenish  Religion.  The 
remaining  vesting  of  their  places  of  worship,  and  of  their  superstiti- 
ous customs,  put  this  beyond  question. 

Both  sacred  and  profane  history  testify,  that,  before  Temples  wer» 
built,  the  ancient  places  of  worship  were  in  shady  groves,  under 
spreading  trees,  and  often  in  high  places,  Gen.  xxi.  33;  1  Kings, 
xiii.  14;  1  Sam.  ix.  18.  "Olim  quas  vellent  esse  in  Tutela  sua  Difi 
legerunt  arbores ;  Quercus  Jovi,  et  Myrtus  Veneri  placuit.  Pheebo 
Laurea,  Pinus  Cybelne,  Populus  celsa  Herculi."* 

And  Virgil  says  of  the  gardens  of  the  Hesperides,  ^neid.  IV., 
Hinc  mihi  Massyke  gentis  nwnstrata  Sacerdos, 
Hesperidum  Templi  custos.  epulasque  Uraconi, 
Quae  dabat,  et  sacros  servabat  in  arbore  ramos.-f 


'  Of  old,  the  deitiei  tb<me  lucb  trees  u  Uief  wished  to  be  dlatin^bhed  hj.  7'faus,  the  Oak  wu  m- 
crcd  to  Jnpiter,  Venui  delighted  in  the  Myrtle,— to  Apollo  was  dedicated  the  I^urel-tree,  tte  Pine  1* 
Cjbele,  and  to  Hercului  the  towering  Poplar. 

t  Then  to  me  waa  ahown  the  Priesteai  of  the  Manyllan  nee,  On  Iceeper  of  the  Hesperlu  Teiqds, 
wbtm  dni;  it  ii  to  prepare  the  Dragon's  food,  and  guard  the  Mcred  bnincbet  m  the  tree. 


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■ECT:    I.  THE   HSATHEN   OR   PAGAN   CHUItCH.  377 

'   And  in  Priam's  Palace,  ^neid.  II., 

.Mdibus  in  medii»,  nudoque  sub  eetkeru  axe, 
Ingens  arafuit,juxtaque  veterrima  laurut, 
Incumbene  arm,  atgue  umbra  complexa  Penates.* 
'    The  word  Druid  comes  from  the  Greek,  an  Oak,  or  any  wood. 
or  from  the  Celtic  l}eru  or  Dru,  an  Oak  ;  for  they  worshipped  in 
groves,  and  under  spreading  trees.     Druid  was  the  general  nam* 
of  the  sect  or  order ;  and  their  Literati  were  divided  into  Priestn, 
Vates,  and  Bards,  who  were  their  Divines,   Philosophers,  Poeta, 
Orators,  Physicians,  and  Judges  in  all  causes.     The  grand  articles 
of  their  religion  were : — 

I.  To  worship  the  Deity. 

II.  To  abstain  from  all  evil.     And, 

'    III.  To  be  intrepid.     This  last  was  enforced  by  the  belief  of  tb« 
iminortality  of  the  soul,  and  of  a  future  state. 

They  were  the  instructors  of' youth  in  the  mysteries  of  Religion, 
Philosophy,  and  Morality,  <&c.  They  kept  their  Academies  only  in 
the  sacred  groves,  retired  from  the  noise  of  the  world,  and  undis- 
turbed from  the  hurry  of  business.  "  Disciplina  in  Britannia  re- 
perta,  atque  inde  in  Galliain  translata  esse  existimatur,  et  nunc,  qui 
diligentius  earn  rem  cognoscere ,  volunt,  plerumque  illo,  discendi 
causa,  proficiscuntur.  Magnum  numerum  versuum  ediscere  dicun- 
tnr;  Itaque  nonnulli  annos  vicenos  in  disciplina  permanent;  nequa 
fas  esse  existimant  ea  literis  mandare,  quum  in  reliquis  fere  rebus, 
publicis  privatisque  raitionibus  Grsecis  literis  utantur."f 
,'  They  were  called  Semnothei,  for  their  devotion  (Suidaa.)  And 
acknowledged  one  only  eternal  and  self-existent  God,  whom  they 


*  In  the  mUat  of  the  Palace  there  stood  a  many  alter  Diider  the  naked  canopy  of  heaven,  and  eloM  t* 
U  an  aged  Lanrel-tree,  ^raae  brancbes  overiiuiig  it,  aod  ihadowed  the  faoiiaehold  deities. 

t  Thtnr  learning  haTing  been  fuund  in  Brilab,  it  was  thought  to  have  been  carried  theoce  into  Qaul^ 
ud  even  now,  those  who  wish  more  scientlScsUy  to  study  this  kind  of  kDowledji;e,  travel  thither  for  tb« 
nke  of  levniiqt  it.  They  are  mid  lo  leant  a  great  nnmber  of  veraes,  and,  Iherefbre,  soinfl  renuin  uiidM' 
InMrnctiaa  for  twenty  yean.  Nor  are  they  permitted  to  commit  the*e  tbia|(i  to  writing,  tbougli  ia  al* 
■oat  all  other  matters,  both  public  and  private,  they  may  use  tha  Oredc  manner  of  writing. 


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278  THE    E0CLE8IABT1CAL   HISTORY.  PART  VI. 

worshipped  without  any  images  or  jBt^tvea'^"  i^ey  owned  the  finAor- 
tality  of  the  soul,  and  a  future  state  of  retribution.     They  tau^t  a 
warm  devotion  to  God,  and  the  strictest  virtue  and  equity  among 
luen.     They  offered  sacrifices  and  oblation » daily,  and  used  ablutions 
and  purificatioDS..    In  a.word*  th«  Ikulds-were  bt  fii^  held  in  great 
veneratioii,  and  much  ladrntred  ior  iheSt  piety,  virtue,  'ttnd  mwality ; 
but,  afterwards,  they  d^en^rated  greatly.     By  the'  Greeks  and  Ro- 
mans they  were  led  into  I^^lythei8m,  gross  idolktry,  saperstition, 
human  sacrifices,  <&€.,  which  made  Luean  write  with  a  sneer. 
Ee  voa  Barbaricoa  riius,  morem^ue  siruHrum,'' 
Sftcrorum,  DruidUe,  positia  repeti»tis  ab  armi$ ';" 
Solie  nosae  Deoa,  et  CobU  numiTM'oohi$i 
Aut  Soli*  neacire  datum.*  '  ' 

'I1iey  committed  no  part  of  their  religious  mysteries,  or  natural 
philosophy  to  writing ;  but  the  Bards  turned  these  into  clenching 
rhymes,  and  repeated  them  on  all  proper  occasions.  Moral  precepts, 
called  T&iga^  rta  Bard,  and  Foghkim  Ha  Filidh,  i.  e.  '  the  instruc- 
tions of  bards  and  philosophers,'  are  to  this  day  repeated,  in  the  High- 
lands, by  old.  men. 

The  transuugraUqn  of  souls,  taught,  though  not  at  first,  by  the 
Druids,  seems  tp  have  given  rise  to  a  notion  among  many  ignorant 
and  superstitious  people, — viz.  that  when  one  dies  of  a  consumption, 
the  Fairies  steal  the  soul  out  of  the  body  before  death,  and  animate 
some  other  person  witii  it. 

Possibly  the  way  in  which  the  Druids  explained  the  immortality 
of  the  soul,  and  a  future  state,  occa«oned  the  common  saying,  '  Uiat, 
at  death,  one  passes  into  the  Saogkal  Hal.  i.  e.  'the  yonder  world,'  &b- 
cying*  as  the  Americans  do,  that  souls  departed,  go  to  pleasant  re- 
gions beyond  the  mountains. 


*  And  jml,  ye  Druids,  ye  bare  •xercued  your  barbumia  ritujU,  uid  InGunous  lacrificev—pntendiBg 
that  to  ysu  alooe  was  kitown  tlie  will  of  the  gods,  and  that  you  aloae  w«k  penaillad  to  eosunaniotte 
with  the  pvwara  of  faearen. 


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SSCT.   I.  THB   HEATHEN  OR  PAGAN   CHURCH.  379 

The  Draid  priests  were  the  ordinary  ministers  of  religion,  and  an 
arch-priest,  chosen  out  of  the  college  of  priests,  presided  in  their 
meetings. 

Their  worship  was  either  stated  and  ordinary,  or  imnual  and  more 
solemn. 

Their  stated  worship  consisted  in  sacrifices  and  oblations,  perform- 
ed in  pleasant  groves,  and  commonly  on  a  level  plot  of  ground,  upon 
whi*^  they  erected  one  or  more  circles  of  stones,  all  on  end ;  and  in 
the  cenb'e  stood  the  Altar,  which  was  a  broad  stone,  laid  horizontal 
on  four  stones  as  pillars;  and  on  this  sacri^ces  were  offered.  No 
sacrifice,  however,  was  to  be  made  without  leaves  and  branches  of  the 
Misseltoe ;  and  before  they  entered  the  circle  to  offer,  they  made  a  toor 
about  it  San-ways ;  and  the  like  they  did  when  they  had  done  offering. 

These  circles,  or  remains  of  them,  arte  found  in  every  country.  I 
cannot  but  mention  the  circle  at  Classernis,  in  the  Isle  of  Ijewis.  It 
consists  of  twelve  stones,  each  seven  feet  high,  and  two  broad.  At 
south,  east,  and  west,  three  atones  are  erected  in  a  tine  wi^out  the 
the  circle ;  to  the  n<»th  point  is  a  Iiuie;  nineteen  stones  in  a  line  on 
each  side,  six  feet  distant  firom  one  another,  the  lane  eight  feet  broad ; 
one  stone  stands  in  the  entry  of  the  lane ;  and  in  the  centre  of  the  cir- 
cle, a  stone,  thirteen  feet  high,  cut  in  the  form  of  a  rudder.  The  cir- 
cle denotes  the  sun ;  tiie  twelve  stones  the  twelve  signs ;  the  stones 
to  the  soutii-east  and  west,  the  cardinal  points ;  the  nineteen  stones 
in  the  lane,  the  lunar  cyele ;  the  stone  in  the  entry  closes  the  cycle,  and 
then  it  begins  a-new  in  the  other  line ;  the  rudder  shows,  that  the 
Temple  was  dedicated  to  Anvona,  the  deity  of  the  sea. 

In  Durris,  at  the  end  of  Loehness,  is  a  Temple  of  three  concentric 
circles ;  the  Altar-stone  is  taken  away,  but  near  to  where  it  stood  is  a 
hallowed  stone,  either  a  laver  to  wash  in,  or  a  basin  to  receive  the 
blood  of  the  sacrifices ;  a  lane  leads  through  the  circles  to  the  centre ; 
in  the  area  of  the  outer  circle,  probably  stood  the  spectators ;  in  the 
second,  the  offerers ;  and  at  the  altar,  the  priest  and  servants. 

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2S0  THE    ECCLESIASTICAL    HISTORY.  PART   VI. 

fiotb  the  true  worshippers  of  God,  and  in  imitation  of  them  the 
superstitious,  at  first  worshipped  in  open  fields. 

The  Naos  and  Temene  of  the  ancient  Greeks  were  bat  allotmenU 
of  ground,  and  sacred  iDclosores  for  worship,  and  not  covered 
houses.  I  have  seen  these  in  corn-fields  left  untilled,  because  they 
were  supposed  sacred.  The  heathen  places  of  worship  were  circular 
or  round,  because  dedicated  to  the  sun,  the  emblem  of  their  deity. 
The  Highlanders  call  them  Clachan,  i.  e.  a  Collection  of  Stones ; 
and  hence  they  call  a  church  Clachan,  as  Clachan  Michel,  Clachan 
Muire,  i.  e.  Michael's-church,  Mary's^horch.  The  Altar  Stone 
they  call  Crom  Leac,  i.  e.  the  Bowing  or  Worshipping'  Stone ;  and 
the  Priest  Cromfwr,  i.  e.  the  Worshipper.  The  Britons  called  the 
sacred  grove,  wherein  the  circle  stood,  Lhjoyn;  and  hence,  probably, 
they  call  a  church  Lhan.  And  the  Saxon  Kirk  or  Ctrc,  comesfrom 
Circus  a  circle. 

The  tour  about  the  circles  is  called  Deas-Soil,  from  Deas  the 
South,  and  Soil  the  Sun,  g.  d.  South  about  with  the  Sun.  I  have 
often  seen  at  marriages  and  churching  of  women,  and  burials,  sndli 
a  tour  made  about  the  church.  This  ceremony  was  not  peculiar  to 
the  Druids.  We  find  it  at  the  funeral  pile  of  Pallas, — Virg.  JEn. 
Lib.  XI., 

Ter  circum  accensoa  cincfijulgentibua  armig, 
Decurrere  Rogos.     Ter  msettumjuneris  ignem, 
Lugtravere  in  equis,  ululatusgue  ore  ded&re.* 

Their  more  solemn  worship  was  at  their  high  festivals, — particu- 
larly in  the  month  of  March,  on  May-day,  at  Mid-Summer,  and  at 
Hallow-Eve.  These  festivals  were  celebrated  on  high  or  conspicu- 
ous places,  where  they  erected  cams  or  heaps  of  stones,  on  which 


*  Clad  in  glittering  unu,  ttirice,  ttwy  nurcbed  aramd  the  Idndling  ^lei.    Thrice  ooateods  they  rode 
around  the  nHMmM  flimn,  and  F^iel  the  sole  tf  woe. 


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SECT.   1.  THE   HEATHEN   OE   PAGAN   CHURCH.  381 

they  kindled  great  firee,  and  offered  sacrifices.  The  fire  was  forced 
(and  accounted  sacred}  by  rubbing  one  piece  of  dry  wood  against 
another.  All  the  families  in  the  neigfahourhood  extingnished  their 
fires;  and,  upon  paying  a  small  acknowledgement  to  the  Priest, 
they  received  of  the  cam-fire. 

Their  cams  were  very  different  from  the  earns  or  heaps  of  atones 
on  high  ground,  gathered  out  of  their  corn-fields,  and  cast  loose  in 
a  heap ;  and  different,  likewise,  from  the  small  earns  near  to  common 
roads,  where  men  have  been  buried,  or  coffins  laid  down  at  burials, 
that  the  bearers  might  rest.  These  are  called  Leaeadk  na  Marbh, 
i.  e.  "Stones  erected  in  memory  of  the  dead."  The  Druid  cams 
were  great  and  broad  heaps  of  stones,  hedged  in  all  round  with  big 
stones  placed  on  end  in  the  earth,  and  joined  close.  In  some  of  these 
earns,  another  close  circle  of  such  stones  was  placed  in  the  middle 
of  the  earn ;  and  the  AltfU'  stone,  one  or  more,  on  the  top  within  the 
inner  circle.  Such  a  cam,  pretty  entire,  is  to  be  seen  on  the  muir 
to  ttie  east  of  Aviemore,  in  Strathspey,— ^arns  are  likewise  on  the 
top  of  the  hill  of  Ihiuevan,  in  Calder, — to  the  east  of  Giateside  be- 
twixt Elgin  and  Forres,  on  the  muir  of  Urqahart,  in  Moray;  and  in 
many  other  places.  Round  the  great  earn  there  were  often  Tamuli, 
or  small  heaps,  in  which,  in  the  south,  have  been  found  Urns  con- 
taining the  ashes  of  bumt  bodies, — possibly  the  like  might  be  found 
in  this  country.  These  earns  were  so  placed  as  to  be  within  view 
of  one  another.  The  Druid  who  officiated  at  the  carn-fire  was  called 
.  Cameack.  The  fire  was  of  dry  wood  presefved  fpr  that  use ;  it  was 
an  expiatory  pnni^ment  for  criminals  to  stand  for  a  limited  time 
betwixt  two  contiguous  fires,  or  to  walk  bare-footed  thrice  over  the 
burning  ashes  of  a  cam-fire.  Mr  Toland  thinks,  that  Silius  Italicus 
alludes  to  this  custom,  when  he  makes  Equanvs,  the  Sabine,  to  pass 
through  the  fire  (if  unhurt,  it  was  a  good  omen,  otherwise  a  bad)  on 
Mount  Soracte,  in  Italy,  on  whose  top  was  Apollo'9  earn, — as  Vir- 
gil has  it,  ^neid.  lab.  XI., 


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a83  THB    ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY.  PART   VJ. 

Suntme  Deum,  mncti  custos  Soracti*  Apolio, 
Quern  primi  colimut,  cut  Pineus  ardor  acereo, 
Pasdtur,  et  meditanjreti  pietate  per  ^nem, 
Cultorea  multa  premimuB  ve»t^vi  prima.'* 

Possibly  the  trial  by  ordeal,  practised  long;  in  this  country,  had 
its  rise  from  this  custom  of  passing;  through  the  cara-fire. 

I  shall  now  mention  such  vestiges  of  the  Draid  cam-fires  and  fes- 
tivals, as  I  have  observed  in  this  country. 

One  of  their  g;reat  solemnities  was  in  the  month  of  March,  when 
they  gathered  and  consecrated  the  Misseltoe  of  the  Oak.  On  the 
Ath  of  the  March  moon,  a  Priest,  clad  in  while,  climbed  the  tree, 
and  cut  the  Misseltoe  with  a  golden  bill,  and  others  in  white  stand- 
ing round  received  it, — after  which  they  offered  at  their  cam-fires 
with  mirth. 

Ad  macum  JOrmdm,  Drvidee  cantare  mtUbant.f 

In  the  increase  of  the  March  moon,  the  Highlanders  cut  withs  of 
the  wood-bind  that  clings  about  the  oalc.  These  they  twist  into  a 
wreath  or  circle,  and  carefully  preserve  it  till  the  next  March.  And 
when  children  are  troubled  with  hectic  fevers,  or  when  any  one  is 
consumptive,  they  make  them  pass  tbroogb  this  circle  thrice,  by 
putting  it  over  their  heads  and  conveying  it  down  about  their  bodies. 
The  like  they  do  to  cattle  in  some  distempers.  This  I  have  often 
seen. 

Another  grand  solemnity  was  on  May-day.  On  the  1st  of  May, 
Uiey  offered  sacrifice  for  the  preservation  of  their  cattle ;  uid  that 
day  was  held  sacred  to  Pan  or  Baal,  and  was  commonly  called  La 
Baal-Tine,  corruptly  "  Beltan-day,"  i,  e.  the  Day  of  Baal's  Fire. 


*  Apollo,  ifTMteit  of  the  god«,  ffiurdUo  of  sacred  Soracte,  whom  chiefly  we  wocihlp,  to  b 
whom  the  fire  u  conitnatlr  fed  with  IomIi  of  dark  pine ;  and  we  roar  worriilirpen,  relying  on  oi 
pasi  wilb  huty  atep*  through  the  flime  over  heapi  oflniniing  coali. 

t  To  the  MiMelloe  of  the  Oak,  (he  Drutds  were  woni  to  chant  hjriBu. 


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SECT.   I.  THK  HEATHEN  OR   PAQAN  CHUBCH.  889 

Clear  remains  of  this  snperstition  I  hare  been  present  at  when  a 
young^  boy. 

Upon  Mandy-Tbursday,  the  several  herds  cut  staves  of  Service- 
wood  about  three  feet  long^,  and  put  two  cross-sticks  into  clefts  in 
one  end  of  the  staff.  These  staves  they  laid  up  till  the  1st  of  May, 
On  that  day  several  herds  met  together, — every  one  had  two  eggs, 
and  a  bannock  or  thick  cake  of  oatmeal  crusted  over  with  the  yolks 
of  eggs.  They  raised  a  pile  of  dry  wood  or  sticks  on  a  hillock,  and 
striking  fire  with  a  flint  they  kindled  the  pile. — then  they  made  the 
Detu-Soil  thrice  round  the  fire, — after  which  they  roasted  their  eggs, 
and  eat  them  with  a  part  of  the  bread.  The  rest  of  the  bread  they 
brought  home  to  be  eaten  by  the  family ;  and  having  adorned  the 
heads  of  their  staves  with  wild  herbs,  they  fixed  them  on  the  tops, 
or  above  Uie  doors  of  their  several  cotes ;  and  this  they  fancied  would 
preserve  the  cattle  from  diseases  till  next  May. 

In  the  Highlands,  the  first  day  of  May  is  still  called  La  Saaltine. 
In  the  Armorie,  a  Priest  is  called  Belec,  probably  from  Baal ;  and 
when  one  is  in  great  danger,  he  is  said  to  be  Edir  da  tkeine  Bkeil, 
i.  e.  "  Between  two  fires  of  Baal,"  alluding  to  the  punishment  above 
mentioned. 

The  mid-summer  solemnity  was  celebrated  in  honour  of  Ceres. 
They  made  the  Deat-Soil  about  their  fields  of  corn,  with  burning 
torches  of  wood  in  their  hands,  to  obtain  a  blessing  on  their  corns. 
This  I  have  often  seen,  more  indeed  in  the  Lowlands  than  in  the 
Highlands.  On  mid-summer  Eve,  they  kindle'  fires  near  their  com- 
fields,  and  walk  round  them  with  burning  torches. 

The  like  solemnity  was  kept  on  the  Eve  of  the  firijt  of  November, 
as  a  thanksgiving  for  the  safe  in-gathering  of  the  produce  of  the 
fields.  This,  I  am  told,  but  have  not  seen  it,  is  observed  in  Buchan 
and  other  countries,  by  having  Hallow-Eve  fires  kindled  on  some 
rising  ground. 

In  all  these  solemnities  they  offered  sacrifices,  and  made  the  Ihaa- 

4  C 


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384  THE    ECCLB8IABTICAL   HISTORY.  PART   VI. 

Soil  round  their  (ires.  It  cannot  be  doubted  that  they  had  sacrificcB 
of  various  sorts, — as  precatory,  to  obtain  blessing^, — ^gratulatory,  to 
shew  their  thankfulness ;  and  expiatory,  to  atone  for  their  sins.  It 
appears  from  Lucan,  that  the  Celts  and  GavJs  used  human  sacri- 
fices. 

Et  quibus  immitis,  placatur  aangutne  diro, 
Teutates,  horenBque,feri8  altaribus  ffaiaus, 
Et  Tarania,  Scythtcm  Twn  mitior  ara  JHanse.* 
C«esar,  Pliny,  and  Tacitus  assure  us,  that  the  Druids  used  such 
sacrifices.     Tacitus  writes,  "  The  groves  were  cut  down,  which  by 
the  Druids  were  dedicated  to  sangtiinary  and  detestable  supersti- 
tions; for  here  they  sacrificed  captives,  and  upon  their  altars,  as  an 
oblation,  spilt  human  blood."   What  creatures  they  used  in  sacrifice, 
or  what  particular  ceremonies,  I  have  not  learned^     No  doubt  they 
used  washings  and  purgations,  and  clean  clothes,  as  other  peofJe 
did. 

Casta  placent  Superia,  pura  cum  teste  venite, 
Et  jnanibua  puris  sumitejbniis  o^uam.-)- 
^neas  would  not  touch  the  Penates  or  the  Sacrat  before  he 
washed.     Virg.  ^neid.  £,ib.  II., 

TUf.Genitor,  cape  Sacra  manu,  patriosgue  Penates, 
Me  bello  e  tanto  diffressum,  et  ccede  recenti, 
AttractareTiefaSfdoTiecmeJluminevivo 
Abluero-X 


'  And  aimmg  wfaom  mwl  TcnUtes  (Mercoij)  was  ^ipcMed  with  itrMmi  of  blood,  harrid  Hxmu 
(Man)  had  hii  barbarooi  aacrifices,  and  Twania  (Jupiter)  aa  alUr  aaagninwy  aa  lliat  of  ScTthkn 
Dkna. 

t  The  goda  delif^t  in  purity,  come  lh«  with  gamcnta  nndeflled,  and  with  clean  handa  dnw  water 
from  the  fountain. 

t  Do,  thou  Father,'  receive  theae  Mcred  thing*  and  honaehold  goda ;  (br  I  am  not  permitted  to  ttmeh 
them,  istuming  from  anch  a  battle,  oud  tmm  such  reccot  slaughter,  imtil  1  hare  porUed  myaelf  in 
running  wattr. 


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SECT.    I.  THE    HEATHEN   OR   PAGAN    CHURCH.  389 

The  Scots  Hig^blanders,  not  only  put  op  clean  clothes  on  the  Sab- 
bath-day, as  others  do ;  but,  in  the  morning  of  that  day,  they  wash, 
not  in  the  house,  but  Flumitte  vivo,  i.  e.  *  in  running  water,'  and  they 
call  it  Uiag  Bomhmch,  i.  e.  "  Aqua  Dominicii''  Sabbath  water. 

The  Draid  priests  were  judges  in  all  causes,  religious,  civil,  and 
criminal;  and  were  exempted  from  attending  war,  paying  taxes, 
&c.  Their  authority  was  great,  their  sentence  final,  and  the  contu- 
macious were  excluded  from  the  Sacra,  and  pronounced 'profane. 
Hence,  at  their  religious  meetings  they  were  removed, 
Procul,  O  Procul,  este  Profani  f 
Condanmt  Votes,  totoqus  diecedite  Ivco.* 

This  punishment  was  so  severe,  that  all  avoided  the  company  of 
the  interdicted, — no  one  would  converse  with  them, — they  could  en- 
joy no  offices,  nor  receive  honours. 

Cffiser  says,  in  Gaul  the  Druids,  at  a  certain  season  of  the  year, 
met  in  a  consecrated  place,  '  in  finibus  Carnulum,'  i.  e.  *  within  the 
boundaries  of  the  cairns,'  and  there  decided  controversies.  This 
place  was  Chartres  Cicita)  Camutum,  so  called,  no  doubt,  from 
the  Druid  earns. 

Their  principal  seats  in  Britain  were  the  Isles  of  Anglesey  and 
Man.  But  they  administered  justice  in  every  country,  and  sat  aub 
dio  on  green  hillocks.  Such  round  hillocks  are  found  in  many 
places.  Two  remarkable  ones  stand  a  little  west  of  the  town  of 
Elgin,  and  two  close  by  the  church  of  Petty.  The  Lowlanders  call 
them  Laws,  because  there  the  law  was  given  or  promulgated.  Such 
are  North-Berwick-Law,  Innes-Law,  &c.  The  Highlanders  call 
them  Trnn  an  Eracht,  and  T&m  a  Mhoid,  i.  e.  "  The  Court-bill  " 
I  question  not  hot  the  Mute-hill,  (rather  Uoid-hill),  at  Scone,  was 


•  Hence  ye  pniGme,  hence,  cries  aload  the  Prieet,  and  depart  fmm  the  whole  grove. 


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386  THE   ECCLESIASTICAL  HTSTOBY.  PART  VI. 

of  this  sort;  so  were  the  Dunipams,  near  the  river  Carron,  in  Stir- 
iing^shire. 

Every  Druid  judg;e  carried  a  rod,  as  a  badge  of  office  and  autho- 
rity, called,  in  Erse,  Slaite  na  Druidhettchd^  i.  e.  "  the  Rod  of  Druid- 
ism."  He  had,  likewise,  an  egg  hong  about  his  neck,  inchased  in 
g;old,  or  other  precious  metal.  The  eggs  were  said  to  be  Ova  Avg^ 
uinum,  "  Eggs  formed  by  Serpents ;"  and  niny  says,  they  ascribed 
great  virtue  to  them.  It  is  confidently  affirmed  by  the  common 
people,  that,  in  Summer,  a  number  of  Serpents  meet,  and  work  a 
certain  flimy  matter  into  a  round  ball  with  their  mouths,  of  the  colour 
«f  their  own  skin.  I  have  seen  with  jugglers  round  painted  balls, 
which  they  called  Adder-stones,  and  with  them  they  played  feats. 
The  Welsh  call  them  Gkine  na  Druidhe,  i.  e.  the  Druids*  Glass. 
These  were  hut  amulets  of  glass  or  stone.  But  the  Phenicians  and 
Egyptians  made  the  egg  an  emblem  of  the  principle  of  all  things, 
and  represented  it  as  coining  out  of  the  mouth  of  a  Serpent.  Hence 
came  the  Dniid's  egg. 

Among  the  Literati  of  the  Druids,  next  to  the  Priests,  were  the 
Vates  or  Eubages.  called  by  the  Celts  and  Irish,  Faidhe.  These 
were  their  diviners  and  physicians.  By  studying  natural  philosophy, 
the  influences  of  the  celestial  bodies,  and  the  qualiHes  and  virtues  of 
plants  and  minerals,  they  might  cure  some  diseases,  and  foretel  events 
that  depend  on  a  chain  of  natural  causes ;  and  on  this  account  might 
be  held  in  great  esteem  and  veneration  ;  but  as  the  innocent  name  of 
Magi,  in  the  East,  came  to  be  taken  in  a  bad  sense,  so  Druidhe  and 
Druidheachd  came  to  he  abused, — even  to  mean  sorcerer  and  sorcery. 

The  Bards  were  another  order  of  the  Druids  Literati.  A  Bard, 
in  Celtic,  signifies  a  poet  and  orator.  They  were  not  only  frequent 
in  Gaul  and  Britain ;  but  Tacitus  makes  it  probable,  that  they  were 
common  among  the  Germans.  "  Sunt  illis  haec  quoque  carmina, 
quorum  relatu,  quern  Barditum  vocant,  accendunt  animos,  futursque 


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BBCT.    I.  THE    HEATHEN   OR    PAGAN   CHURCH.  287 

pug:nK  fortanam,  ipso  cantu  au*farantur."*  When  armies  were  to 
engage,  the  Bard  etood  on  aome  eminence,  and  harangued  them  to 
roase  their  courage.  This  was  ancienUy  much  practised  in  Scotland. 
As  now  the  General  makes  a  speech  to  his  army  before  battle,  so  of 
old  the  Bards  did  so,  and  it  was  called  Brosdnghadh  Cath,  i.  e. '  an 
incentive  to  fight.'  I^odorus  observes,  that  they  were  held  in  such 
veneration,  that  if  battle  was  begun,  and  a  Bard  appeared  and  com- 
manded i^  both  sides  ceased  from  fighting.  They  put  the  religious 
and  moral  instructions  into  rhyme;  presided  in  their  music;  acted 
a  part  at  festivals ;  recited  genealogies  at  marriages  and  funerals ; 
and  sang  the  praises  of  their  Heroes.  "  Bardi  quidem,  fortia  viro- 
mm  illustrium  &cta  heroicis  composita  versibas,  com  dulcibus  lyrse 
modalis  canttlarunt."f  Lucan  writes  the  same;  but  bow  honour- 
able soever  this  Order  might  have  been  at  first,  they  afterwards  be- 
came ignorant,  vemd,  and  despicable  Buffoons.  Valesins  well  des- 
cribes the  modem  Bards.  "  Ex.  his  patet,  Bardos  nihil  aliud  fbisse 
quam  Paramtas,  planeqne  similes  eorum  quos  Latin!  Scurraa  voca- 
bant ;  Ut enim  Scurrse exercitum  sequebantur,  jocis  ac  gesticulationi- 
bns  milites,  inter  convivia,  delinere  soliti ;  ita  etiam  Bardi.":^ 

There  were  likewise  Female  Druids  or  Priestesses,  who  might 
perform  some  ceremonies  of  their  religion  to  women,  in  which  it 
might  not  be  decent  to  have  men  employed.  And  as  all  Druids  fre- 
quented the  groves,  these  Priestesses,  probably,  were  tbe  Dryades 
and  Hamadryades, — the  Nympths  of  the  groves  celebrated  by  the 
poets ;  and  I  doubt  not  but  these  gave  rise  to  the  fancy  that  prevails 
among  the  ignorant,— viz.  that   Fairy-women,  or  beautifiil  young 


*  Tbey  have  nlso  among  them  thoK  recllatiTes,  the  linging  of  wLich  Brei  (beir  loub,  and  by  tbeir 
vcrrnMlodjgiTepTiMgeof  n]cceuinllMCOii)faif[Bgbl,aDd  tbese  th«ycaU  IfaeiODgaof  their  Buds. 

t  Tbe  Bards  also  recited  tbe  gnat  actioDiofitlusta-loua  heroes,  composed  in  set  measures,  accompany- 
ing them  with  die  del^btfal  tDelody  of  tbe  Harp. 

t  From  these  things  it  appears,  that  the  Bardi  n-erc  nothing  else  but  Parasites,  and  like  to  th«M 
whom  the  Latins  called  Scurne  or  Buffoons ;  for  as  the  Bufluoiu  foUowed  the  army,  and  used  to  dirert 
tbe  aoldien  at  Uieir  Iduliiig  with  jests  and  gesticulations,  so  also  did  the  Bards." 

4  D 


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288  THE    ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY.  PART   VI. 

girls,  clad  in  greeo,  with  loose  dishevelled  hair;  freqaented  the  woods 
And  vallies.  I  have  often  heard  men  affirm,  that  they  bad  seen  and 
spoken  with  such  women. 

The  Druids  seem  to  have  had  among  ttiem  some  Recluses  and 
Hermites.  In  the  Isles  and  on  the  Continent,  there  are  many  small 
cells  of  stone,  of  a  round  figure,  and  each  cell  capable  of  accommo- 
dating one  single  person,  called  Ti  na  Dniididhe,  i.  e.  the  Druids' 
house.  I  have  not  observed  any  ^uch  in  this  Province ;  but  In  the  pa- 
rish of  Old-Deer,  in  Buchan,  I  am  told  there  is  a  Druid  circle  on  a 
hill,  and  on  the  descent  are  the  vestiges  of  about  30  cells,  called  Picts' 
houses,  possibly  a  convent  of  Druid  Hermites.  These  are  different 
from  the  round  stone-edifices,  20  feet  high,  and  12  broad,  in  Orkney 
and  Shetland,  called  l^cta  houses  and  Burgas.  The  Romans  had 
little  towers  called  Burgus,  for  keeping  military  stores ;  and  these 
round  edifices  might  have  been  specula  or  watch-towers,  built  by  the 
Norwegians  when  they  came  into  these  Islands ;  or  they  might  have 
been  Druid  Temples ;  for  as  Zoroastres  taught  the  Persian  Magi  to 
build  temples,  in  which  tliey  kept  their  sacred  fire,  and  as  the  Druid 
religion  was  nnuitfestly  derived  from  that  of  the  Magians,  the  Druids 
might  have  had  such  fire-temples ;  and  it  is  certiun  that  in  Augus- 
tus' reign  they  had  temples  in  France.  Vitruvius  tells  us,  that  tem- 
ples were  anciently  of  a  round  form,  and  open  at  top.  "  Cseli  natn- 
ram  imitati  veteres,  imprimis  rotundis  (sciz.  Templis]  sunt  delectati ; 
aedificia  sub  dio  hypethraqne  constituuntur,  Cte\o,  et  Soli,  et  Lunse."* 

The  round  edifice,  open  at  top,  on  the  river  Carron,  near  Falkirk, 
was  not  the  temple  of  Terminus,  as  Buchanan  calls  it ;  nor  a  place 
of  arms  and  ensigns,  as  Gordon,  in  his  Itinerarium,  thinks.  There 
have  been  found  near  it  the  horns  of  a  Bull,  and  a  Patera,  used  iu 
sacrifices,  which  show  it  was  a  temple ;  and  more  properly  a  Ihnid 


*  The  Ancients,  imitating  tbeatrnctareof  the  He&*eii8,  delighted  chiefly  in  round  templet,  and  buQt 
their  edifices  In  the  open  air,  dedicnted  to  the  HeaTeni.  (be  Sua,  and  the  Moon. 


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SECT.   I.  THE  HEATHEN  OR  PAGAN  CHURCH.  289 

than  a  Roman  temple ;  for  above  Tain,  in  Rom,  are  such  round  tar 
pering  edifices,  open  at  top ;  yet  the  Romans  never  built  there.  In 
that  part  of  Ros8»  Ptolemy  places  the  Creones,  so  called  from  Cruin, 
i.  e.  round ;  and  the  Picts  were  called  Oruinidh,  i.  e.  the  round  peo- 
ple, because  their  places  of  worship,  their  earns,  their  temples,  and 
the  hillocks  on  which  the  Druids  sat  as  judg-es,  were  all  of  a  round 
form,  as  emblems  of  the  Sun,  the  object  of  their  worship. 

The  deities  worshipped  by  the  Druids  are  mentioned  by  Cflesar. 
Three  of  them  are  mentioned  page  284,  viz.  Teutates,  Hsesus,  and 
TaranisI  Teutates  was  called  by  the  Brituns  Tatth  Diun,  i.  e. 
"  Mercury  the  god  of  joumies,"  or  Tytad,  i.  e.  "  the  father  of  tiie 
boose ;"  and  presides  over  the  Lares  and  Penates,  tisesus  was  their 
supreme  deity,  and  represented  by  an  oak.  Taranis  was  the  deity 
of  the  Air,  as  Teutates  was  of  the  Earth,  called  Tarain  Thor,  Tor. 
In  Celtic  and  British,  Taran  signifies  "  Thunder ;"  hence  Jupiter 
Taranis.  The  Earl  of  Moray's  seat  of  Tarnua  is,  in  Erse,  Taranich, 
probably  because  some  Dmid  earn  or  circle  there  was  dedicated  to 
Jupiter  Taranis.  Anvona  was  the  deity  of  the  Water,  so  called  by 
the  Gauls ;  and,  in '  Erse,  An&na  signifies  "  the  raging  of  the  sea." 
Let  me  add  Apollo  Carnius,  so  called,  probably,  from  the  Dmid 
cams;  and  the  feast  in  honour  of  him  was  called  Carnea;  and  the 
month  of  May,  Carnius  Mensis.  It  was  usual  wiih  the  Romans,  to 
their  own  names  of  their  gods  to  add  the  names  or  attributes  under  - 
which  they  went  in  the  countries  where  the  Romans  at  the  time 
dwelt;  hence  also  Apollo  was  called  Grannus.  In  the  reign  of 
Queen  Mary  of  Scotland  there  was  digged  up,  in  the  lands  of  Mer- 
ebistown,  a  stone,  in  the  shape  of  an  altar-stone,  inscribed  "  APOL- 
LINI  GRANNO  Q.  LUSIUS  SABINIANUS  PBGC.  AUG. 
V.  S.  S.  L.  V.  M."  i.  e.  "Votum  susceptum  solvit  Lubens  merito."* 


*  Q.  Loahu  Sabinianns,  Procotual  of  Augustus,  acquitshimself  willingly  of  an 
to  Apollo  Onnnns. 


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290  THE    ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  PART   VT. 

Oambden  observes,  Uiat  this  A|>ollo  GraDuas  was  the  Apollo  Aker- 
secomes  of  the  Grecians,  i.  e.  "  having;  long-  hair."  Grannaa  may 
come  from  the  Erse,  Grian,  i.  e.  "the  Sun,"  and  in  that  language, 
Grianach  signifies  "  hairy  or  spreading  hair  like  the  scattered  beams 
of  the  Sun."  The  Romans,  when  in  Britain,  gave  Apollo  that 
name. 

In  speaking  of  the  Druid  priests,  priestesses,  vates,  bards,  circles, 
earns,  &c.,  I  have  all*along  observed  the  vestiges  of  these  which 
are  yet  to  be  met  with  in  this  province,  I  shall  now  add  an  account 
of  some  superstitious  customs,  still  practised  in  this  counUy,  and 
which  seem  to  have  had  their  rise  from  the  Druids. 

In  hectic  and  consumptive  diseases  they  pare  the  nuls  of  the  fin- 
gers and  toes  of  the  patient, — put  these  parings  into  a  rag  cut  from 
bis  clothes, — ^then  wave  their  hand  with  the  rag  thrice  round  his 
head,  crying  Deas-soil, — after  which  they  bury  the  rag  in  some  un* 
known  place.  I  have  seen  this  done ;  and  Pliny,  in  his  Natural 
History,  mentions  it  as  practised  by  the  Magians  or  Druids  of  his 
time. 

When  a  contagious  disease  enters  among  cattle,  the  fire  is  extin- 
guished in  some  villages  round.  Then  they  force  fire  with  a  wheel, 
or  by  rubbing  a  piece  of  dry  wood  upon  another,  and  therewith  bum 
Juniper  in  the  stalls  of  the  cattle,  that  the  smoke  may  purify  the  air 
about  them.  They  likewise  boil  Juniper  in  water,  which  they 
sprinkle  upon  the  cattle.  This  done,  the  fires  in  the  houses  are  re- 
kindled from  the  forced  fire.  All  this  I  have  seen  done ;  and  it  is, 
no  doubt,  a  Druid  custom. 

They  narrowly  observe  the  changes  of  the  moon,  and  will  not  fell 
wood,  cut  turf  or  fiiel,  or  thatch  for  houses,  or  go  upon  any  expedi- 
tion of  importance,  but  at  certain  periods  of  the  revolution  of  that 
planet ;  so  the  Druids  avoided,  if  possible,  to  .fight,  till  after  the  full 
moon. 

They  divine  by  bones.      Having  picked  the  flesh  clean  off  a 


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8BCT.    I.  THE    HBATHKN   OR    PAGAN   CHURCH.  391 

shonUer-blade  of  motton,  which  no  iron  most  toach,  they  turn  to- 
wards, the  east,  or  the  rising  Son,  and,  looking  steadily  on  the  trans- 
parent bone,  pret«id  to  fbretel  deaths,  burials,  i&c.  This  osteoroateia 
was  much  practised  among  the  heathens ;  and  the  Druids  consulted 
the  entrails  and  bones  of  animals,  even  of  human  victims. 

At  burials  they  retain  many  heathenish  pracUces, — such  as  music 
and  dancing  at  like-wakes,  when  the  nearest  relations  of  the  de- 
ceased dance  first.  At  burials,  mourning  women  chant  the  Coro- 
nach, or  mournful  extemporary  rhymes,  reciting  the  valwous  deeds. 
expert  hunting,  Sec,  of  the  deceased.  When  the  corpse  is  lifted. 
the  bed-straw,  on  which  the  deceased  lay,  is  carried  out  uid  burnt 
in  a  place  where  no  beast  can  come  near  it ;  and  they  pretend  to  find 
next  mwning,  in  the  ashes,  the  print  of  tiie  foot  of  that  person  in  the 
family  who  shall  first  die. 

They  believe  that  the  material  world  will  be  destroyed  by  fire. 
So  general  is  this  persuasion,  that  when  they  would  express  the  end 
of  time,  they  say  Gu-Braith,  i.  e.  "  to  the  conflagration  or  destruc- 
tion." 

The  use  which  the  Druids  made  of  Juniper,  and  their  regard  to 
the  changes  of  the  moon,  shew  that  they  were  no  strangers  to  the 
virtues  of  plants,  and  the  influences  of  the  celestial  bodies. 

I  scarce  need  observe,  that  throughout  this  kingdom  many  places 
have  their  nunes,  and  somie  persons  their  sirnames.  from  the  Druid 
cards,  earns,  &c.,  as  Baird,  Camie,  Moni-bbard.  Tulli-bardin,  Cam- 
wath.  Cam-cross,  &c. 

Many  more  <tf  the  Druid  customs  may  be  seen  in  Ccesar,  Pliny, 
Tacitus,  Amminianns,  Marcellinus,  &c.  But  I  have  mentioned 
only  these  customs,  of  which  I  have  seen  manifest  remains  in  this 
Province. 

I  shall  now  conclude  this  article  with  observing,  that  any  one  who 
reads  the  account  given  by  Dean  Prideaux  of  the  religion  of  the 
Magians  in  the  east,  will  find  that  Druidism  had  a  near  resemblance 

4£ 


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292  ■  THE   ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  PART  VI. 

o£  it.  And  it  is  to  me  no  less  apparent,  that  both  Magianism  and 
Druidism  are  borrowed,  in  many  partictdars,  from  the  Patriarchal 
and  Jewish  plan  of  religion.  I  shall  mention  a  few  of  these  parti- 
culars. They  owned  one  Supreme  Being, — used  no  images  or  sta- 
tues,— used  sacrifices ;  and,  in  high  places,  under  spreading  oaks, 
and  with  sacred  fire,  at  first  worshipped  mib  dio.  Afterwards  built 
temples.  Compassed  their  altars  by  going  JOeas-Soil  round  them. 
The  priests  were  instructors  of  youth, — had  their  academies  and 
schools  in  retired  places, — they  had  many  ablutions  and  purgations, 
— they  had  a  rod  of  office;  and  had  mourning  when  at  burials.  I 
might  add  several  instances  more  in  which  the  Druids  seem  to  have 
borrowed  from  the  Patriarchs  and  Jews.  This  Druidism  was  the 
religion  of  the  Scots  and  Picts,  as  it  was  of  the  Gauls  and  Britains, 
before  the  light  of  the  gospel  of  Christ  was  made  to  shine  among 
them.     And  this  leads  me  to 

SECTION  II. 

The  Primitive  Christian  Church. 

How  early,  and  at  what  particular  time,  the  gospel  of  Christ  was 
first  made  known  in  Scotland,  I  will  not  pretend  to  determine. 
Here  the  Roman  writers  are  silent.  Gildas,  Bede,  and  Nennius,  do 
not  touch  this  question.  The  loss  of  the  Pictish  records  and  writ- 
ings, the  want  of  ancient  records  of  the  Scottish  church,  render  it 
difficult  to  throw  any  light  on  this  subject.  What  is  said  of  King 
Donald's  conversion,  A.  D.  203,  and  of  Regulus'  arriving  at  Afuk- 
Ross,  (now  St  Andrews),  about  anno  370,  is  very  uncertain ;  and 
yet  I  see  it  no  way  improbable,  that,  in  the  third  and  fourth  centu- 
ries, Christianity  had  sure  fooUng  in  North  Britain.   "  Britannorum 


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SECT.    If.  THE    PRIMITIVE   CHRISTIAN   CHURCH.  303 

inaccessa  Bomanis  loca,  Christo  tamen  sabdita."*  But,  as  Pagan 
Druidism  must  have  been  ^adaally,  and  not  all  at  once,  rooted  out, 
— so  the  Cbristiaii  faith  must  have  been  gradually  spread ;  and  in- 
deed the  gross  ignorance  which,  till  of  late,  prevailed,  and  the  many 
heathenish  customs  that  remained  in  some  parts  of  the  kingdom, 
show  abundantly,  that  the  knowledge  of  Christ  advanced  by  very 
slow  paces. 

The  6rst  teachers  and  ministers  of  the  Christian  faith  in  Scotland 
were  Presbyters,  or  Preaching  Elders,  called  in  the  Scottish  lan- 
guage Keledees.  Our  historians,  not  understanding  the  language, 
have  called  them  Culdei,  q.  d.  "  Cultores  Dei,"  and  they  derive  Kil 
from  Cellai  the  Hut,  or  "house  of  the  teacher."  But  any  one  con- 
versant with  ancient  writings  will  easily  discover  the  mistake,  and 
find  that  they  are  never  called  Culdei,  but  uniformly  Keledei, — a 
word  compounded  of  Ceile  or  Keile,  i.  e.  "a  Servant,  or  one  de- 
voted," and  IKa  (in  the  genitive  De)  i.  e.  God,  q.  d.  "  a  servant  of 
God,  or  one  devoted  to  him."  A  church  or  place  of  worship  was 
called  Kil,  becanee  it  was  set  a-part  for  divine  service.  When  the 
church  of  Rome  dedicated  churches  to  their  legendary  saints,  the 
word  Kil  was  prefixed  to  the  saint's  name,  as  Kil-Mbiur,  Kil-Mhiiie, 
i.  e.  "  dedicated  to  Mary  and  Milesius." 

These  Keledees  and  Primitive  Christians  in  Scotland  were  men 
of  great  piety,  and,  for  many  ages,  preserved  the  doctrines  of  reli- 
gion pure  and  unmixt  with  any  Bomish  leaven.  Bede's  words, 
though  a  zealous  Romanist,  show  this. — "  Verum  qualiscunque  ipse 
(Columba,  who  came  into  Scotland,  anno  563)  fuit,  nos  hoc  de  illo 
certum  tenemus,  qnod  reliquit  successors,  magna  continentia  ac  di- 
vino  amore,  regularique  institutione,  iusignes.  In  tempore  quidem 
summfe  festivitatis,  dubios  circulos  sequentes,  utpote  quibus  longe 


*  Place*  of  Britain  ioacceuible  to  tbe  Romaa  u-nu  were  atreadr  uwIn  tbe  dominimi  of  Chrittionlty. 


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204  THE    ECCLBSIASTICAL   HISTORY.  PART   VI. 

ultfa  orbem  positis,  nemo  Synodalia  Paschidis  obMrvantise  decreta 
porrexerat  Tantum  ea  qaee  m  Prophetici»»  EvaDgvlicis,  et  Aposto- 
licis  Ldterisi  discere  poterant,  pietatis  et  castitatis  opera,  dilig^eirter 
observantes."* 

This  at  once  shows  their  purity  and  freedom  from  Romish  errora, 
— that  they  believed  and  taught  only  what  is  contained  in  the  writ- 
ings of  the  Prophets,  Evangelists,  and  Apostles ;  and  it  evinces^ 
that  the  Christians  in  Scotland  did  not  consider  Rome  as  their  mo- 
ther church,  otherwise  they  would  have  early  suid  fondly  adopted  dl 
the  innovations  and  usages  of  that  church  from  which  they  had  re- 
ceived their  religion.  But  it  was  not  without  a  great  stm^le,  and 
not  till  the  year  715,  that  the  Scots  submitted  to  the  Romi«h  innova^ 
tioDS,  as  to  Pasch,  the  Tonsure.  <&c.  And  it  possibly  was  from  the 
clerical  Tonsure,  that  the  word  Maal  came  to  be  prefixed  to  some 
names.  The  word  signiOes  a  servuat,  and  also  Bare,  Bald ;  ao  Maot 
Colairo,  Maol-Kogh,  is  Oolumba  the  servant^  or  the  shaveling ; 
Regulus  the  servant,  or  the  shaveling.  The  Irish  likewise  prefix 
the  word  Maith,  i.  e.  good;  as  Muth  Bechard,  Maith  Calen  is  the 
same  as  St  Richard,  St  Colen. 

I  have  mentioned  these  things  to  explain  the  names  (tf  efanrehes 
and  chapels  in  tiiis  province ;  such  as  Kiltarlatie,  Kilchuiraan,  Maith- 
Rechard,  Maith-Calen. 

Having  met  with  nothing  peculiar  to  this  country  in  the  primi- 
tive state  of  the  Christian  Church,  [  go  on  to 


*  But  wtwtMBTCT  he  WM  liinuelf;  tbii  we  know  of  him  for  certein,  that  he  left  neceMon  wamntA 
tor  nuuh  eontiaeBCy,  the  lore  of  God,  wi  regular  obwrvanee.  It  b  true,  thejr  followed  tmcert^  rulei 
In  the  obeerrance  of  the  great  fintlval,  u  having  none  to  bring  them  the  Sfuodlcal  Deereea  for  the  ob- 
Mration  of  Easter,  by  naaim  «f  their  Wag  leated  le  br  from  the  rest  of  the  world,— therefore  oalj- 
practiiiog  nch  woriu  of  piety  and  chaetitj',  as  tb^  could  ham  from  the  PN|ibeUca],  E^u^[eUea],  airf 
ApoMrtieil  wittingi. 


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9BCT.  III.  THE  B0MI8H  OB  POPISH  CRUBCB.  999 

SECTION  III. 

JTie  Romish  or  Popish  Church. 

It  was  by  alow  degrees  that  the  Cfanrch  of  Rome  got  her  innoTa- 
tions  and  coiruptions  introduced  into  this  kingilom.  Some  few  of 
her  superstitious  customs  were  adopted  in  the  eighth  century ;  but 
before  the  eleventh  century  we  had  no  Diocesan  Bishops  except 
one, — viz.  of  St  Andrews.  He  was  not  properly  a  Diocesan,  for 
he  was  designed  Episcopua  Scotise  or  Scotorum.  In  the  same  cen- 
tury it  was  that  Romish  Monks  and  Friars  were  brought  in  as  a  mi- 
litia or  an  army,  to  support  the  Romish  Bishops,  and  to  root  out  the 
ancient  Keledeee,  and  propogate  the  poison  of  Popery;  yet  it  was 
not  before  the  twelfth  century,  and  the  reign  of  David  I.,  that  the 
Popish  clergy  or  doctrines  got  any  sure  footing.  Richard.  Prior  of 
Hexham,  writing  De  bello  Standardi,  anno  1138  (the  time  whian  he 
lived)  says  of  the  Scots, — "  lUi  vero  diu  a  Cisalpina,  imo  fere  ab 
nniversa  ecctesia  discordantes  exosse  memorise  Petro  Leoni  et  apos- 
tasiffi  ejus  nimium  favisse  videbantur.  Tunc  vero  divina  gratia  in- 
spirati,  mandata  Innocentii  Papee  et  Legatum  ejus,  omnes  unanimi- 
ter  cum  magna  veneraUone  susceperunt."* 

The  Papists  divide  their  clergy  into  regular  and  secular;  and  I 
shall  treat  of  both  as  I  have  found  them  in  this  province,  beginning 
with 

THE  REGULAR  CLERGY. 

These  were  so  called  because  they  were  bound  to  live  by  the  rule 
of  St  Augustine,  or  St  Bennet,  or  by  some  private  statutes  approved 


*  But  they,  dUferfaig  long  from  the  Cisalpine,  and  almoat  from  fhe  whale  church,  teemed  to  brour 
toomach  PeterI<eo,qf  abandoned  memory,  and  his  Apostacy.  But  (hen,  being  Inspired  by  divine  grace, 
they  all  unanimoiuly,  and  with  great  veneration,  recdved  the  commaudi  of  Pope  Innocent  ^nd  hil 


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SQA  THE    ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  PART   VI. 

of  by  the  Pope.  Tbey  lived,  messed,  and  slept  under  one  roof;  and 
were  numerous  in  this  province.  I  shall  speak  of  them  under  the 
distinctions  of  Abbey,  Priory,  Convent,  Preceptory,  Ministry,  uid 
C^aplainry. 

'  AN  ABBEY 

Is  a  society  of  Monks  and  Friars,  whereof  the  Abbot  is  the  head 
or  ruler.  Some  Abbots  were  independent  of  the  Bishop,  and  freed 
from  his  jurisdiction.  These  were  called  Abbates  Exempti.  Some 
were  invested  with  Episcopal  power,  and  wore  a  mitre,  and  were 
called  8overeig:n  mitred  Abbots,  and  had  a  seat  in  Parliament.  The 
Abbates  Exempti  mi^ht  discipline  and  punish  their  Monks;  but 
Abbots,  subject  to  the  Bishop,  must  submit  them  to  his  authority. 
We  had  but  one  Abbey  in  Moray, — viz.  that  of  Kinloss,  the  Abbot 
of  which  was  mitred,  and  had  a  seat  in  Parliament.  It  was  founded 
by  David  i.,  December  19, 1150,  and  confirmed  by  the  Pope's  Boll, 
anno  1174,  (App.  No.  XXVI.)  The  Monks  were  of  the  Cistertian 
or  BernM'dine  Order,  called  Monachi  Albi,  because  all  their  clothes 
were  white,  except  a  black  Cowl  and  Scapulary. 

King  David  endowed  the  Abbey  with  lands ;  and  Kng- William  add- 
ed many  more,  particularly  all  the  lands  of  Stryla,  or  Stratbyla,  near 
Keith,  (App.  No.  XXVII.)  I  have  perused  a  Bull  in  favour  of  this  Ab- 
bey, by  Honorius,  anno  1316,  ratifying  its  lands  and  possessions,  parti- 
cularly, "Locus  in  quo  monasterium  fixum  est,  cum  pertinenliis ; 
Grange  de  Kinloss,cum  pertinentiis ;  Grange  de  West,  cum  pertinentiis; 
possessio  de  Cnimbachin;  possessio  de  Banefef;  possessiode  Inver- 
nis ;  possessio  de  Invemarin ;  possessio  in  Forres ;  possessio  de  Elgin ; 
possessio  de  Aberdin ;  possessio  de  Berwick."*     Other  possessions 


*  The  place  in  which  the  Monutery  ii  fixed,  with  its  parthienta ;  Gnnge  of  Khilou,  with  it>  perlt- 
nenti ;  West  Grange,  with  its  pertinents ;  a  amall  farm  in  Ciumbftdiiii ;  another  in  Banfi^  iDTcraei^ 
Naiin,  FoTTM,  Elgfai,  Aberdeen,  ^d  Berwick. 


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SECT.   III.  THE   ROMISH  OR   POPISH   CHURCH.  307 

are  named  in  the  Bull;  but  the  parchmeDt  is  so  spoiled,  and  the 
writing  so  defaced,  that  they  cannot  be  read,  but  may  be  supplied  as 
follows : — The  Abbey-lands,  out  of  which  Mr  Brodie  of  Lethin  re- 
ceives feu-duties,  are — ^the  Barony  of  Muirtown, — the  Mill  of  Kin- 
loss,  Windy-hills,  Coltfield,  West-Grange,  and  Mill,-~the  lands  of 
Bargie, — all  Hemprigga, — the  Crofts  and  House  of  Kinloss. — Kirk- 
town  lands  of  Ordies, — Freefield,  in  Elchies, — all  Ballendallach's 
lands  of  Struthers, — Meikle  and  Little  Tanaehy, — Town  of  Forres 
and  their  I^lshing, — Bnrds- Yards, — Kincorth's,  Grangehills,  and 
Coolbin's  Fishing, — Rose  of  Newton's  lands,  near  Nairn, — Braco's 
lands,  in  Stryla, — lands  of  Lichnet, — Kinminitie's  lands,  in  Stryla, 
— lands  of  Edingieth, — lands  of  Glengerrock, — several  lands  belong- 
ing to  Lord  Findlater, — Grange,  in  Stryla, — the  lands  of  Ellon, — ■ 
besides  Lethen's  lands  of  Kinloss,  and  the  Precinct  of  the  Abbey. 

The  Revenues  of  tbe  Abbey,  anno  1561,  in  Money,  Victual,  (&c., 
were  £1,153,  Is.  Bear  and  Meal,  47  chalders,  11  bolls,  1  firlot,  3 
pecks;  Oats,  10  bolls,  3  firlots ;  Wedders.  34;  Geese,  41;  Capons, 
60 ;  Poultry,  135.  From  which  was  deducted,  to  fourteen  Monks 
for  babite;  silver  to  each,  fifty  shillings  per  annum;  for  fish  and 
flesh  to  each  tenpence  per  diem ;  for  fire,  butter,  candle,  ^icery,  and 
lentron  meat.  £13 ;  for  bread  and  drink  per  annum,  to  each,  10  bolls, 
1  firlot,  3  pecks,  and  £40  to  Mr  John  Ferrarius  for  his  pension, 
which  he  had  under  the  Seal  of  the  Abbey,  annually,  during  life. 
This  specimen  shows,  how  sumptuously  these  pretendedly  mortified 
Monks  lived ;  and  much  more  so  their  Abbots  and  Priors. 

The  Abbey  stood  in  a  fertile  soil  at  the  head  of  the  Loch,  or  Bay 
of  Findhorn.  No  doubt  tbe  buildings  were  sumptuous,  but  no 
judgment  can  now  be  formed  from  the  remaining  ruins.  In  the 
years  1651  and  1653,  Alexander  Brodie  of  Lethin,  proprietor  of 
Kinloss,  sold  tbe  stones  to  the  English,  and  with  them  the  citadel  of 
Inverness  was  built.  The  Abbot  had  a  Regality  within  the  Abbey- 
lands.     He  had  Granges,  or  Farms,  with  detached  Monks  to  overeea 


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996  THE   ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  PART  VL 

them,  at  ISast  and  West  Grange,  and  at  Grange,  in  Stryla.  I  find 
in  the  writings  of  the  family  of  Westfield,  that  the  Abbot  had  a  pro- 
-cess  of  spulzie  against  Sir  Alexander  Dunbar  of  Westfield,  who  died 
1576,  for  taking  oat  of  the  Abbey,  a  Laver  weighing  240  ounces  of 
silver,  and  23  feather  beds,  with  other  pieces  of  plate  and  furniture. 
Upon  the  dissolution  of  the  religious  houses,  Mr  Edward  Bruce 
was  made  Commendator  of  Rinloss.  The  King  would  not  want  the 
votes  of  Abbots  and  Priors  in  Parliament,  and,  therefore,  presented 
Laics  to  the  Benefices  when  vacant,  who,  by  way  of  commendam, 
«njoyed  the  profits,  and  sat  in  Parliament.  But  this  Usufructntuy 
possession,  as  Titulars,  gave  no  right  to  the  lands ;  and,  therefore, 
tbey  got  them  erected  into  temporary  Lordships.  Edward  Bruce 
was  created  Lord  of  Kinloss,  and  got  the  superiority  of  the  other 
Abbey  lands.  Ascelinus  was  the  first  Abbot ;  Renerius  the  second ; 
and  Robert  Reid  was  the  last     I  now  go  to 

THE  PRIORIES. 

Of  these  we  had  three, — ^viz  at  Urquhart,  Pluscarden,  aad  Kin- 
gane.  At  first  the  Prior  was  but  the  ruler  of  the  Abbey,  under  the 
Abbot,  who  was  Primus  in  the  Monastery ;  and  the  Prior  was  no 
Dignitary.  But  afterwards  a  Mother- Abbey  detached  a  party  of  its 
Monks,  and  obtained  a  settlement  for  them  in  some  other  place ;  and, 
becoming  a  separate  Convent,  a  Prior  was  set  over  them ;  and  their 
house  was  called  Cella  Grangia,  or  Obedientia,  denoting  that  they 
depended  on  a  superior  Monastery.  This  was  called  a  Conventual 
Prior,  and  was  a  Dignitary ;  but  a  Prior  in  the  Abbey  was  only  a 
Claustral  Prior.  The  oldest  in  this  province  was  the  Priory  of  Urqu- 
hart, founded  by  David  I.,  anno  1125,  in  honour  of  the  Trinity.  It 
was  a  Cell  of  Dunfermline,  plainted  with  Benedictine  or  black  Monks, 
of  the  Order  of  Fleurie.  Ring  David  endowed  it  liberally,  grant- 
ing "  Priori  et  Fratribus  ibidem  Deo  servientibus,  Fochopir  per  suas 
rttctas  divisas,  et  communionem  pascuum  animalium,  et  unam  pisca- 


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SECT,    I!T.  THR  BOM18H    OR    POPISH  CHURCH.  390 

nam  in  Spe,  et  in  firma  Burgi  de  Elgin  viginti  solidos,  Qt  die  donri- 
mis  hominibus  eorem  qui  sunt  in  Fochopir,  rectitudinem  piscis  quee 
ad  Tlia3na  pertinet  et  decimam  Cani  de  Ergathel,  et  de  Muireff,  et 
placitoram,  et  totius  lucri  ejuadem  Ergatbel,  Pethenach  juxta  Erin 
per  anas  rectas  divisas.  et  acalingas  de  Fethinechtio,  et  omnes  recti- 
tudines  quas  Monaehi  de  Dunfermline  in  Muireff  habere  solebant."* 
All  the  lands  now  called  the  Lordship  of  Urqnhart,  the  village  and 
limds  of  Fochaber,  the  lands  of  Penic,  near  Aldem,  the  lands  of  Dal- 
cross,  a  fishing  on  Spey,  pertained  to  this  Priory, — as  did  the  patron- 
age 4^  Urqnhwt  Bellie,  and  Dalcross. 

The  rerenues  of  this  Priory  were  not  given  up,  anno  1903,  so  I 
can  give  no  account  of  them.  The  Priery-lands  were  n'ccted  in  a 
Begadity.  The  building  stood  in  a  hollow  north-east  of  the  church 
of  Urquhart ;  but  scarce  any  vestige  thereof  remains.  In  the  year 
156%  Alexander  Seaton,  son  to  Lord  Seaton,  was  made  Commenda- 
tor  of  Pluscarden ;  and,  August  3,  IBM.,  he  was  created  Lord  Urqu- 
hart, and  Earl  of  Dunfermline,  anno  1605.  But  Earl  James  being 
forfeited>  anno  1090,  Seaton  of  Bams  claimed  the  Lordship  of  Urqu- 
hart; imd,  about  the  year  1730,  it  was  purchased  by  the  iamily  of 
€}ordon.     Next  erected  was. 

The  Priory  of  PluscardM,  which  was  founded  by  Alexander  II.. 
1330.  in  honour  of  St  A-ndrew,  and  named  Vallis  Sti  Andrese.  It 
was  planted  by  Monaehi  TaHis  CauliBm,-^-a  reform  of  the  Cisterci- 
ans, brought  into  Scotland  by  Bishop  Malvoisin  of  St  Andrews,  and 
settled  in  Pluscarden.  Beaulie,  and  Ardchatton^  They  were  differ- 
ent from  the  Camaldulians,  or  Monaehi  Vallis  Umbrosfe,  who  were 


*  To  thfi  Priot  and  Bi«tbrai  there  KrriDg  Ood,  Fodiopir  bf  iti  right  diTidnu,  andeoiuwaty  of  pu- 
turn,  Rod  mie  fisbing  in  Spey,  and  twenty  shillings  in  the  Burgh  of  Elgin,  and  a  right  of  the  fishing 
which  belongs  to  Thain,  in  the  lands  of  the  people  of  Pochopirj  and  the  Teind  of  the  Cain  of  Argyle 
and  Moray,  and  of  the  Pleas,  andof  thewlMlerentorthoiaine  Ai^Ie,  Penic,  near  Erin,  by  its  marches, 
and  the  Bcheling*  Of  Fecbinecbtan,  and  all  the  ri^^ls  which  the  Monks  of  Dunfermline  were  wont  to 
faftTfl  In  Monj. 

4  G 


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300  THE    ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  PART   VI. 

properly  Hermits.  Of  the  Monachi  Vallis  Cauliam,  only  the  Prior 
and  Procurator  were  allowed  to  go  without  the  Precinct  Hie 
Monks  of  Fluscarden,  at  first  independent,  afterwards  becoming  vi- 
cious, the  Priory  was  reformed  and  made  a  Cell  of  Dunfermline. 

By  the  munificence  of  our  Kings  and  great  men,  the  Priory  be- 
came very  rich.  The  whole  valley  of  Pluscarden,  three  miles  in 
length,  in  Uie  parish  of  £lgin, — ^the  lands  of  Old-Mills,  near  the  town 
of  Elgin, — some  lands  in  Durris,  and  the  lands  of  Grangehill  be- 
longed to  it.  At  this  last  place  the  Prior  had  a  Grangia  and  a  Cell 
of  Monks.  Likewise  the  mills  of  Old-Mills,  near  Elgin,  perttuned 
to  the  Priory.  The  town  lands  were  thirled  to  those  mills,  and 
Omnia  gr^na  cT'escentia  cum  allatis  et  invectis,*  were  to  be  grinded 
at  these  mills.  King  Robert  Bruce  also  gave  the  Priory  a  fishing 
on  the  river  of  Spey. 

The  Revenue  of  the  Priory,  as  given  up,  anno  1563,  was  as  fol- 
lows:—£525,  10s.  l^d.;  Wheat,  1  chalder,  1  boll.  3  firlots;  Malt, 
Meal,  and  Beer,  51  chalders,  4  bolls,  3  firlots,  1  peck ;  Oats,  5  chal- 
ders,  13  bolls ;  Dry  Multures,  0  chalders,  11  bolls ;  Salmon,  30  lasts; 
Grassams,  Cain,  Customs,  Poultry,  &c.,  omitted.  Deducted,  anno 
1563,  to  ilk  ane  of  five  Monks  in  kething  and  habite,  silver  £16; 
and  to  ilk  ane  in  victual,  1  chalder,  5  bolls,  per  annum. 

The  buildings  stood  four  miles  south-west  from  the  town  of  Elg^n, 
near  the  entry  of  the  valley,  at  the  foot  of  Uie  North  Hill,  which,  re- 
verberating the  Sun-beams,  renders  the  place  very  warm.  The  walls 
of  the  precinct  are  almost  entire,  and  make  near  a  square  figure. 
The  church  stands  about  the  middle  of  the  square, — a  fine  edifice  ip 
the  form  of  a  cross,  with  a  square  tower  in  tiie  middle,  all  of  hewen 
asler.  The  oratory  and  refectory  join  to  the  south  end  of  the  church, 
under  which  is  the  dormitory.  The  Chapter-House  is  a  piece  of 
curious  workmanship, — an  octagonal  cube,  whereof  the  vaulted  roof 

*  All  the  growing  corns,  with  such  as  were  brought  aad  ground  th«e.    - 


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SECT.    III.  THE    ROMISH    OR    POPISH    CHURCH.  301 

is  supported  by  one  pillar.  The  lodgings  of  the  Prior  and  Cells  of 
the  Monks  were  all  contiguous  to  the  church.  Within  the  precinct 
were  gardens  and  green  walks.  In  a  word,  the  remains  of  this 
Priory  show,  that  those  Monks  lived  in  a  stately  palace,  and  not  in 
mean  cottages. 

The  Prior  was  Lord  of  Regality  within  the  Friory-lands,  and  had 
a  distinct  Regality  in  Grangehill,  called  "the  Regality  of  Stanefore- 
noon."  At  the  Reformation,  Sir  Alexander  Seaton,  afterwards  Earl 
of  Dunfermline,  was,  anno  1565,  made  Commendator  of  Pluscarden. 
He  disponed  the  church-lands  of  Durris  and  the  patronage ;  and  the 
lands  of  Grangehill,  and  the  Barony  of  Pluscarden  and  Old-Mills, 
February  23,  1595,  to  Kenneth  Mackenzie  of  Kinttul,  who  got  a 
Nova  Damus,  dated  March  12,  1607,  of  that  Barony,  "  Cum  omni- 
bus et  singulis  decimis  garbalibus  totarum  et  integrarum  terrarum 
et  Baroniee,  cum  suis  pertinentiis,  quee  a  Stipite,  le  Stock,  earundem 
Danquam  separatie  fuere,  et  quarum  Prior  et  Conventus,  eorumque 
Predecessores,  in  possessione,  omnibus  temporibus  prceteritis,  existi- 
tere.*  May  9,  1633,  George  of  Rintail,  brother  and  heir  of  the  said 
Kenneth,  disponed  the  Barony  to  his  brother  Thomas  Mackenzie,— ^ 
from  whom  Sir  Cieorge  Mackenzie  of  Tarbet  evited  it,  by  a  charter 
of  appraising,  anno  1649,  and  disponed  it,  anno  1662,  to  the  Earl  of 
Caithness  and  Major  George  Bateman.  The  Earl  transferred  his 
right  to  the  Major,  anno  1664;  and  the  Major  sold  the  whole  Ba^ 
rony  to  Ludovick  Grant  of  Grant,  anno  1677.  Here  let  it  be  re- 
marked, that  Alexander  Brodie  of  Lethin,  father-in-law  to  Grant, 
paid  the  purchase  money,  £5.000  Sterling,  and  Grant  possessed 
Pluscarden  only  as  tutor,  or  trustee,  for  his  second  son  James,  and, 
in  1709,  resigned  in  his  ferour.     From  the  said  James  Grant,  (the 


*  Vitb  all  aod  90114(7  the  Teind-ahearei  of  the  whole  Lands  and  Baronj,  with  thdr  perUnenfii 
irtiich  were  never  lepanited  from  ttle  slock,  aod  of^trhich  the  Pcioi'  and  Conrentaf  and  their  predecesforit 
Were  in  poHession  in  ftll  times  pa«t>  ' 


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369  THE   ECCLESIASTICAL   BISTORT.  PART  HI. 

late  Sir  James)  William  Daff  of  Dipple  pon^sed  it,  anno  1710; 
and  now  it  is  the  property  of  the  Eari  of  Fife. 

The  Priory  of  King^osie,  in  Badenoch,  was  fotmded  by  Cteai^, 
£arl  of  Huntly,  about  the  year  1490.  Of  what  Order  the  Monks 
were,  or  what  were  the  revenues  of  the  Priory,  I  have  not  learned. 
The  Prior's  house,  and  the  cloisters  of  the  Monks,  stood  near  tiie 
church,  where  some  remains  are  to  be  seen.  The  few  lands  belong- 
ing to  U  were  the  donation  of  the  family  of  Hnntly ;  and  at  the  Re- 
formation were  justly  re-assumed  by  that  finnily.     I  now  proceed  t» 

THE  CONVENTS,  &c- 

The  Convents  of  Monks,  FViars,  and  Nuns  within  this  Province. 
The  Monks  and  Friars  differed  in  this,  that  the  former  were  seldom 
allowed  to  go  out  of  their  cloisters ;  but  the  fViars,  who  were  gene-- 
rally  predicants  or  mendicants,  travelled  about,  and  pr^ched  in 
neighbouring  parishes.  Monks  at  first  lived  by  their  industry,.  «tt4 
by  private  alxtM,  and  came  to  the  parish  church.  But  a  recluse  Kfe 
was  not  so  serviceable  to  the  Romish  church,  and,  therefore.  Friars 
were  under  little  confinement.  Every  Monk  or  Friar  used  the  Ton- 
sure or  shaved  crown,  an  emblem  tfaey  said  of  their  hope  of  a  crown 
of  glory.  They  vowed  chastity,  poverty,  and  obedience,  besrdesfhe 
rules  of  their  respective  Orders.  .  They  had  few  Convents  in  this 
country. 

The  Dominicans,  called  Black  Friars,  because  they  wore  a  black 
cross  on  a  white  gown,  were  instituted  by  Dominic,  a  Spaniard  who 
invented  the  Inquisition,  were  approved  of  by  the  Pope,  anno  1215, 
and  brought  into  Scotland  by  Bishop  Malvoisin.  These,  with  the 
Franciscan  Grey-Friars,  and  Carmelite  White-Friars,  were  mendi- 
cants, allowed  to  preach  abroad,  and  beg  their  subsistence.  The 
Dominicans,  notwithstanding  their  professed  poverty,  had  fifteen 
rich  Convents  in  Scotland ;  and  we  bad  their  Gouvents  at  Elgin, 
Forres,  and  Inverness. 


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SECT.    III.  THE    ROMISH    OR    POPISH    CHURCH.  303 

Hie  FVancitoans,  cdled  Grey-Friars,  wore  a  grey  gown  and  coal, 
a  rope  about  tiieir  middle,  and  went  about  with  pocks  to  beg.  St 
Francis,  an  Italian,  established  tbem,  anno  1206.  Alexander  IE. 
settled  a  Convent  of  them  in  Elgin,  where  they  had  a  spacious 
church  and  fine  dwelling;8.  Their  principal  house  is  now  the  seat 
of  William  King  of  Newmill.     I  may  add. 

The  Grey-Sisters,  or  Nuns  of  Sienna,  in  Italy.  They  wore  a 
Ck'ey  Gown  and  a  rocket,  followed  St  Austin's  rule,  and  were  never 
to  go  forth  of  their  Cloisters,  after  they  had  made  their  tows.  They 
had  a  Nunnery  at  Y-colum-kill,  dedicated  to  St  Oran;  and  at 
Sheens,  i.  e.  de  Sienna,  near  Edinburgh,  consecrated  to  St  Catha- 
rine de  Sienna.  It  is  probable  they  had  a  Convent  at  Elgin,  wher« 
tiiere  are  plots  of  land,  called  "  St  Katharine's  Crofts." 

THE  PRECEPTORY  OF  MAISON  DIEU. 

^ear  Elgin  was  an  Hospital  for  entertaining  strangers,  and  main- 
taing  poor  infirm  people.  The  Hospital  stood  close  to  the  town  at 
the  east,  where  some  parts  of  the  buildings  remun.  The  lands  of 
this  Hospital  granted  to  the  town  of  Elgin  by  King  James  VI.,  by 
chart«r,  March  22,  1594,  confirmed  ulUmo  Februarii,  1620,  for 
muntaining  poor  people,  and  sustaining  a  Teacher  of  Church  Music, 
who  shall  precent  in  the  church.  King  Alexander  III.  mortified 
the  lands  of  Monben  and  Kelles  to  this  Hospital,  (App.  No.  XV.) ; 
and  King  Charles  I.,  by  bis  charter  to  the  town  of  Elgin,  October 
8,  1633,  confirms  to  them,  "The  Preceptory  of  Maison  Dieu,  with 
the  patronage  thereof,  and  all  belonging  thereto,  with  the  arable 
lands  of  Maison  Dieu,  and  the  crofts  and  pertinents  thereof, — the 
lands  of  Over  and  Nether  Monben,  with  the  haugfa  thereof,  called 
Broomtown, — ^the  lands  of  fiogside,  with  the  mill  thereof,  mill-lands, 
adstricted  multures  and  sequels, — the  lands  of  Cardells  Over  and 
Nether,  aliaa  Pitcroy,  J)elaapot,  Smiddy-croft,  with  the  mill,  mill- 

4H 


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304  THE   ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  PART.  VI. 

lands,  multures,  and  sequels  thereof, — with  the  Salmon-fishings  on 
the  water  of  Spey ;  and  the  lands  of  Over  and  Nether  PiUnseir." 

ST.  NICHOLAS'  HOSPITAL. 

Another  such  Hospital,  called  St  Nicholas  Hospital,  stood  oii  the 
east  bank  of  Spey,  at  the  boat  of  Brid^,  where  some  remains  of  the 
buildings  may  be  seen.  Muriel  de  Pollock  ^ve  the  lands  of  Inver- 
orkile,  for  building  a  house  there,  (App.  No.  II.)  Andrew,  Bishop 
of  Moray,  gave  the  church  of  Rothes,  with  its  pertinents  to  this  Hos- 
pital, (App.  No.  IV.)  Walteris  de  Moravia  filius  Willielmi  granted 
to  it  the  lands  of  Agynway ;  and  Ring  Alexander  II.,  anno  1233, 
granted  four  merks  annually  of  the  farm  of  the  mills  of  Nairn,  for 
maintaining  a  Chaplain,  (App.  No.  III.)  The  lands  of  this  Hospi- 
tal are  now  the  property  of  several  gentlemen. 

TEMPLAK  AND  JOHANNITE  KNIGHTS. 

I  shall  add  a  few  things  concerning  the  Templar  and  Johannite 
Knights. 

The  Templars  were  religious  Knights  established  at  Jerusalem 
about  the  year  1118,  and  vowed  to  defend  the  Temple,  and  to  guard 
and  entertain  pilgrims  and  strangers.  They  wore  a  white  habite 
with  a  red  cross,  and  were  called  by  some  the  Bed- Friars.  They 
became  immensely  rich,  had  above  9,000  houses  in  Europe,  and  the 
Cross  of  the  Order  was  on  the  lop  of  every  house.  They  had  some 
lands  in  Ardersier,  and  a  jurisdiction  of  Regality.  In  1313,  the 
Pope  and  the  King  of  France  suppressed  this  Order,  and,  under 
pretence  of  abominable  crimes  and  errors,  caused  destroy  the  Knights 
in  one  night,  then  shared  their  riches,  and  gave  a  part  of  the  lands 
to  the  Johannites.  The  Templars  had  a  house  in  the  town  of  Elgin ; 
and  at  KJnnermonie,  in  Aberlour,  there  are  the  walls  of  an  old 
Gothic  house,  and  the  tradition  of  the  country  is,  that  it  was  a  reU- 


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SECT.    Ill-  THE    ROMISH    OR    POPISH    CHURCH.  305 

gious  house,  and  ihat'all  the  religious  iii  it  were  massacred  in  one 
night. 

The  Johannites  had  their  rise  from  Neapolitan  merchants,  whom 
the  Calif  of  Egypt  permitted  to  build  a  bouse  at  Jerusalem,  for  the 
recepUon  of  Pilgrims.  In  1104,  Godfrey  of  Bouillon  allowed  a  tem- 
ple and  hospital  to  be  built  in  honour  of  St  John ;  and  hence  the 
Knights  took  their  name.  They  wore  a  black  robe  with  a  white 
cross.  Being  driven,  by  the  Saracens  and  Turks,  out  of  Palestine« 
Cyprus,  and  Rhodes,  Charles  V.  Emperor,  in  1534,  gare  them  the 
I^and  of  Malta ;  hence  they  were  called  the  Knights  of  Malta. 
They  had  lands  in  almost  all  Christian  countries.  Their  chief 
seat  in  ScoUand  was  at  Torpichen;  and  Malcolm  IV.  gave  them 
**  Unum  toflom  in  quolibet  burgo  totius  terra  suie."*  They  had  a 
house  in  the  town  of  £lgin;  but  at  the  Reformation,  anno  1560« 
the  Order  was  abolished. 

THE  SECULAR  CLERGY. 

These  were  so  called  because,  being  the  parish  Minister's,  they 
lived  abroad  in  the  world,  and  were  not  shut  up  in  convents  and 
cloisters  as  the  Regulars  were.  We  had  two  Bishop's  Sees  or  seats 
in  this  Province, — Murthlac,  and  Moray ;  and  the  Bishops  of  these, 
with  their  inferiors,  were  the  Secular  Clergy. 

THE  BISHOPRIC  OF  MURTHLAC. 

The  Bishopric  of  Murthlac,  with  the  Ume  and  occasion  of  its 
erection,  are  mentioned  by  Fordun.  "  Novam  Episcopalem  consti- 
tuit  sedem  apud  Murthlac,  non  procul  a  loco  quo,  superalis  Norwe- 


*  One  toft  In  wbaterer  Bvrgti  tbey  diow  tbrovglumt  th«  kingdoBii 


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305  THE    BCCLESIASTICAL    HISTORY.  PART   TI. 

gensibus,  victoriam  obtinuit."*  This  refers  to  the  victory  obtained 
over  the  Danes,  anno  1010 ;  and  Fordun  adds,  that  Pope  Benedict 
constituted  Bean  Bishop  thereof.  We  have  the  foundation  charter 
of  this  See  in  the  chartulary  of  Aberdeen;  it  runs  thus: — 

"  Malcolmus  rex  Scotorum,  omnibus  probis  hominibns  siris,  lam 
Olericis  quam  Laicis,  Salutem;  Sciatis,  me  dedisse,  et  hac  Carta 
niea  confirmasse,  Deo  et  Beatee  Marise,  et  omnibus  Sanctis,  et  Dpis* 
copo  Beyn  de  Murthelach,  Ecclesiam  de  Murthelach,  ut  ibidem 
«onstrnatur  sedes  £piscopaIis,  Terras  meas  de  Murthelach,  Eccleu- 
am  de  Cloveth  cum  terris,  Ecclesiam  de  Dnlmeth  cam  terns ;  ita 
libere  sicut  eas  tenni,  et  in  puram  et  perpetuam  Eleemosyncun ;  teste 
meipso,  Apud  Forfar,  8vo  Octobris,  anno  regni  mei  sexto/'f  Dr 
Nicholson  makes  Malcolm  III.  the  founder  of  this  Bishopric,  but 
^ives  no  reason  for  his  opinion.  It  is  true,  in  the  chartulary  of  Aber- 
deen, this  erection  is  said  to  have  been  "  Tempore  Malcolmi  regis 
Scolice  filii  Kenethi,  per  eum  Malcolmum  constituta  est  primo  sedes 
episcopalis  apud  Murthlac  &c."X  Vet  that  chartulary,  in  another 
place,  says,  that  it  was  erected,  anno  1070.  But  many  circumstan- 
ces concur  in  ascribing'  the  erection  to  Malcolm  It.  He,  and  not 
Malcolm  III.,  was  the  son  of  Kenneth.  He,  and  not  Malcolm  III., 
defeated  the  Norweg;ians  at  Mortlich.  It  was  erected,  anno  reg:ni 
6<o;  this  places  it  in  1010,  which  was  the  6th  of  Malcolm  II..  Bat 
the  year  1070  was  the  13th,  and  not  the  6th  of  Malcolm  III.     If 


*  He  eTMted  >  new  Bidio|i'i  8m  at  Murthtee,  not  hr  ftvm  fbe  place  when,  baviiig  conquered  the 
Nonngiaas,  he  obtained  a  rktorf. 

t  Malcotm,  Klif  of  Beots,  to  all  hb  good  people,  both  Clergy  and  Laity,  greeting;  know  ye,  that  1 
haregWen,and,byaiUclurteT,  conflrmed,  toQodand  the  bletsed  Mary,  and  all  the  Saints,  and  to  the 
Biabop  Beyn  of  Hurdilac,  flie  Qmrch  of  Murtfalac,  that  there  a  Bishop's  Bee  may  be  oected,  mj  lands 
of  MurtUae,  the  Churdi  of  Cloreth  with  itM  land*,  the  Church  of  Dulmeth  with  its  tand%  as  free  as  I 
held  them,  and  In  pnre  aad- perpetual  diarity.  Witness  myself^  at  fartn,  October  8th,  in  the  sixA 
ymr  of  my  rdgn. 

1  The  Episcopal  See  at  Morthlac  was  at  first  erected  hi  the  time  of  Haloolm,  Km  of  Kotnelh,  nA 
Kmg  of  Scotknd,  to  which  he  granted  the  Kirk  of  Hiuthhw. 


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SECT.   III.  THE  ROMISH   OR   POPISH  CHURCH.  30t 

Malcolm  III.  had  been  the  Foander,  he  wooid  have  been  so  called 
ID  the  chartulary ;  bat  he  is  meationed  only  as  a  sing^le  donator ;  and 
David  1.  would  have  confirmed  his  father's  charter ;  but  this  he  does 
not.  The  transcriber,  therefore,  of  the  charter,  has  certainly  erred 
in  writing- 1070  for  1010,  which  is  but  one  figure  for  another,  7  for 
1, — a  mistf^e  ready  to  be  committed. 

This  See,  being  erected,  anno  1010,  was  the  second  in  Scotland ; 
and  it  shows  how  narrow  and  mean  the  extent  and  jnrisdiction  of 
Bishoprics  were  at  first.     This  extended  only  over  three  parishes. 

David  I.,  by  his  charter,  dated  at  Forfar,  July  3(Hh,  anno  1143, 
translated  the  See  from  Murthlac  to  Aberdeen  in  favour  of  Bishop 
Nectan,  whose  diocese  was  declared  to  be,  over  the  counties  of  Aber- 
deen and  Banff.  But  the  extent  of  that  diocese  was  afterwards 
altered,  and  much  of  it  included  in  the  diocese  of  Moray,  as  we  shall 
gee.  Yet  the  parish  of  Murthlac,  the  mother  seat,  remained  in  the 
diocese  of  Aberdeen,  until  it  was  annexed  to  the  Synod  of  Moray  by 
the  General  Assembly,  April  9,  1700. 

The  Bishops  of  Murthlac,  before  the  translation  of  the  See.  were 
-i-lst.  Bean ;  3d,  Donertius ;  3d,  Cormack, — ^these  from  anno  1010 
to  1123.  l^en,  4th,  Nectan  was  ordained,  and,  in  1139,  was 
brought  to  Aberdeen.  In  1149,  this  See  was  called  "The  Bishop- 
ric of  Aberdeen."     I  come  now  to 

THE  BISHOPRIC  OF  MOEAT. 

The  precise  time  of  erecting  this  Bishopric,  or  the  reign  in  which 
it  was  erected,  cannot  easily  be  fixt.  Leslie  and  Buchanan  ascribe 
it  to  King  Malcolm  III.  or  Ceanmore;  but  this  is  uncertain.  In 
the  foundation  charter  of  the  Priory  of  Scone,  anno  1115,  Gregorius 
Episcopus  is  a  witness.  In  a  charter  by  Ring  Alexander  I.  to  the 
said  Priory,  about  the  year  1122,  Robertas  Electus  Episcopus  Sti. 
Andreee,  Cormacus  Episcopus,  et  Gregorius  Episcopus  de  Moravia, 

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SOS  THE    ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTOBT.  PABT  VI. 

are  witnesses.  -  And  in  a  charter  by  King  David  I.,  anno  1136,  to 
tlie  Abbey  of  Dunfermline,  Robertas  Sti.  Andreee,  Joannes  Glasgn- 
ensis,  Gregorius  Moraviensis,  Cormacus  Dunlteldensis,  and  Mac- 
beth Rossmarkiensis,  Episcopi,  are  witnesses.  I  thinly  it  very  pro- 
bable, that  Bishop  Gregory,  anno  1136,  is  the  same  that  is  mention- 
ed 1133  and  1115 ;  and  this  brings  up  the  erection  to  the  beginning 
of  the  reign  of  King  Alexander  I.,  and  higher  I  cannot  trace  it. 
Thus  the  See  of  Moray  is  fourth  in  order  of  erection ;  and  the  more 
ancient  Sees  are  St  Andrews,  Murthlac,  and  Glasgow.  Let  me  now 
give  an  account  of 

The  Bishops  of  this  See  of  Moray.  Spottiswood  and  others,  have 
given  very  imperfect  catalogues  of  these  Bishops.  1  have  compared 
several  manuscript  and  printed  lists,  and  from  them  compiled  the 
following,  which  I  think  pretty  exact. 

1.  Gregorins,  Bishop  of  Moray,  anno  1II5.  I  find  not  in  what 
year  he  died. 

S.William.  I  find  not  when  he  was  consecrated.  He  was  made 
Apostolic  Legate,  1139, — ^next  year  he  consecrated  Arnold,  Bishop 
of  St  Andrews,  and  died  anno  1163.  I  think  it  not  improbable, 
that  Gregory  and  William  might  officiate  from  1115  to  1163. 

3.  Felix  succeeded.  He  is  a  witness  in  a  charter  by  King  Wil- 
liam, "  Willielmo  filio  Freskeni,"  of  the  lands  of  Duffiis,  Rosile,  &c: 
He  died  anno  1170. 

4.  Simon  de  Tonei,  a  Monk  of  Melross, — elected  1171,  died  1184, 
— buried  in  Bimie. 

5.  Andrew,  consecrated  anno  1184, — died  1183. 

6.  Kchard,  Chaplain  to  King  William,  was  consecrated,  1187, 
by  Hugh,  Bishop  of  St  Andrews,— died  1303,— buried  in  Spynie. 

7.  Bricins,  brother  of  William,  Lord  Donghis,  Prior  of  Lesmafae- 
gow,  was  elected  anno  1303,— died  1333,  and  was  buried  in  Spynie. 
He  founded  a  College  of  eight  Canons. 

8.  Andrew  Moray,  son  of  William  Moray  of  Duffus,  Parson  of 


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flSCT.   III.  THE   ROMISH   OR   POPISH   CHURCH.  309 

Dufiiis,  was  consecrated  anno  1229.  He  founded  the  Cathedral 
Church  of  £lgin>  anno  1234 — added  fourteen  Canons  to  the  former 
eight,  of  which  the  Prehendary  of  Unthank  was  one ;  and  he  assign- 
ed to  every  Canon  a  toft  on  which  to  build  a  manse,  and  a  croft, — > 
to  the  Dean,  Chancellor,  Chantor,  and  Treasurer,  four  acres  of  land 
to  each ;  and  two  other  acres  to  each  of  the  other  Canons, — which 
land  he  bought  from  the  Burgesses  of  Elgin.  He  died  1242,  and 
was  buried  in  the  Choir  of  the  Cathedral  under  a  broad  blue  stone. 
0.  Simon,  Dean  of  Moray,  succeeded  in  the  year  1243,  and  died 
anno  1252.  He  was  buried  in  the  Choir  of  Uie  Cathedral  under  a 
blue  stone. 

10.  Archibald,  Dean  of  Moray,  was  consecrated  anno  1253, — died 
5th  December,  1298,  and  was  buried  in  the  Cathedral.  He  built 
the  Palace  of  Kenedar,  and  resided  there.  In  his  time,  William, 
Earl  of  Boss,  had  done  some  injury  to  the  Church  of  Pettie  and 
Prebend  of  Brachlie,  for  the  reparation  of  which  he  gave  the  lands 
of  Catboll,  in  Ross,  and  otiier  lands,  to  the  Bishop  and  Canons. 

11.  David  Moray  was  consecrated,  at  Avignon,  by  Boniface 
VIII.,  anno  1200,  and  died  20th  January,  1325.  He  was  buried  in 
the  Choir. 

12.  John  Pilmoze,  Elect  of  Ross,  was  consecrated  Bishop  of  Mo- 
ray,  3.  Kal.  Aprilis,  anno  1326,  and  died  in  the  castle  of  Spynie,  on 
Michaelmas  Eve,  anno  1362. 

13.  Alexander  Bar,  Dr  Decretorum,  was  consecrated  by  Urban 
v.,  anno  1362,  died  in  Spynie,  May  15,  1307,  and  was  buried  in  the 
Cathedral.  In  his  time,  viz.  in  1300,  the  Cathedral  was  burnt,  and 
he  began  the  rebuilding  of  it. 

14.  William  Spynie,  Chantor  of  Moray,  and  L.  L.  D.,  was  conse- 
crated at  Avignon,  by  Benedict  the  IX.,  September  13,  1397,  and 
died,  Aug.  20,  1406.  He  carried  on  the  rebuilding  of  the  Cathedral. 
In  his  time  Alexander  Macdonald  plundered  Elgin,  as  we  shall  see. 

15.  John  Innes,  Laird  of  Innes,  Paraon  of  Duffus,  Archdeacon  of 


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310  THE    ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  PART  VI. 

Caithaess,  and  L.  L.  D.,  was  consecrated  by  Pope  Benedict,  January 
23, 1406,  and  died,  April  25, 1414.  He  begran  the  bailding  of  the 
great  steeple  in  the  centre  of  the  church,  and  was  buried  at  the  fool 
of  the  North-west  pillar  of  it. 

16.  Henry  Leichton,  Parson  of  Daffus,  L.  L.  V.,  consecrated  in 
Valencia  by  Pope  Benedict,  March  8, 1414.  He  was  translated  to 
Aberdeen,  anno  \425. 

17.  Columba  Dunbar  succeeded.    He  died  in  Spynie,  anno  143& 

18.  John  Winchester.  L.  B.,  Chaplain  to  James  II.,  was  conse- 
crated in  Cambuskennetb,  anno  1438.  In  1452,  he  obtained  the 
Re^ity  of  Spynie,  and  died  in  1453. 

19.  James  Stewart,  Dean  of  Moray,  of  tiie  &mi1y  of  Lorn,  waa 
consecrated,  anno  1458,  and  died  in  1460. 

20.  David  Stewart,  brother  of  the  former,  and  Parson  of  Spynie, 
was  consecrated,  anno  1461,  and  died  in  1475.  He  built  ^at  part  <tf 
the  Palace  called  Davy's  Tower,  and  made  several  good  regulations, 
as,  that  no  Canon  be  admitted  except  in  general  Convocation;  that 
the  common  Kirk-lands  be  set  to  none  but  the  labourers  of  the 
ground ;  and  that  no  pensions  should  be  given  out  of  these  lands. 

21.  William  Tulloch,  Bishop  of  Orkney,  was  translated  to  Moray, 
anno  1477,  and  died,  anno  1482. 

22.  Andrew  Stewart,  son  of  Sir  James  Stewart  of  Lorn,  and  of 
the  widow  of  James  I.,  Dean  of  Moray,  and  Lord  of  the  Privy  Seal. 
succeeded,  anno  1^3.  In  1488,  he  got  a  ratification  of  the  Regali- 
ty of  Spynie,  and  died,  anno  1501. 

23.  Andrew  Forenum,  Commendator  of  Drybrngh  and  Pitten- 
weem,  succeeded  in  1501,  and  was  translated  to  St  Andrews  in  1414. 

24.  James  Hepburn  sncceeded  in  151^  and  died,  anno  1523. 

25.  Robert  Shaw,  son  of  Saachie,  and  AU>ot  of  Paisley,  was  con- 
secrated, anno  1525,  and  died  in  1528. 

26.  Alexander  Stewart,  son  of  Alexander,  Duke  of  Albany,  who 
was  son  of  James  II..  succeeded,  and  died,  anno  1535. 


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«ECT.    III.  THfi    ROMISB  OB   POPISH    CHURCH.  311 

37.  pAtrick  Hepburti.  aDcte  to  James.  £iurl  of  Bothwell.  wbo  mur- 
dered KiD^  Henry  Stewart,  Gommendator  of  Scone,  was  consecrat- 
«d,  anno  1537.  He  was  a  man  of  an  abandoned  character.  Having: 
concealed  and  aided  his  nephew,  when  he  fled  firom  jastice,  ann6 
1607,  he  purchased  his  own  safety  by  yielding^  up  a  part  of  the  cfaarch- 
lands.  He  aliened  and  £eued  out  almost  all  the  olher  lands  of  the 
Bishc^ric.     He  died  in  the. castle  of  Spynie,  June  9(K  1573. 

These  were  the  Bishops  in  the  See  of  Moray  before  the  Reforma- 
tion. Let  OS  now  look  into  the  Diocese  in  which  they  officiated. 
It  was  always  called  the  Diocese  of  Moray ;  but  what  the  extent  Of 
it  was  at  its  first  erection,  I  shall  not  pretend  to  determine.  In  the 
year  1142,  the  Diocese  of  Aberdeen  extended  over  the  counties  of 
Aberdeen  and  Banff ;  and  if  the  extent  of  these  counties  was  at  that 
time  what  it  is  now,  no  part  of  the  Diocese  of  Moray  could,  in  1 143, 
lie  within  them.  But  afterward,  and  ri^ht  early,  I  find  a  part  of 
of  the  Diocese  of  Moray,  within  the  counties  both  of  Aberdeen  and 
Banff.  In  the  time  of  Bishop  Bricius,  the  parlfches  of  Btrathafrai, 
Botiiven,  Amtolliei  and  Glass;  (App.  No.  XXVIII.)  and  in  the 
Episcopate  of  Bishop  Andrew  Moray,  Rynie,  Duubenan,  Kinore, 
Inverkethnie,  and  Botarie,  (App.  No.  XXVIlI.)'^were  within  th« 
Diocese  of  Moray.  Tlius  it  extended  to  the  east  as  far  as  it  did  any 
time  after. 

To  the  west  Abertarf,  in  the  time  of  Bricius,  (Ihid)t  add  Fernua> 
anno  1239,  (App.  No.  XXXIII.)  were  comprehended  in  it.  I  do 
not  find  that  any  part  of  this  Diocese  lay  beyond  the  river  Farar  or 
fieaulie,  which  is  the  bounding'  of  Ross ;  for,  althoug;h  the  Bishop 
of  Moray  had  lands  in  Ross,  Strathnaver,  Cullent  Banff,  these  were 
no  part  of  their  Episcopal  charge.      ■    - 

In  the  Procurationes  Decanatuum,  (App.  No.  XXX.)  the  rural 
Deanrie  or  Archipresbyterate  of  Strathboggie,  is  included  ;  and  com- 
prehends, beffldes  prumblade  and  Inverkethnie,  now  in  the  ^ynod 

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313  THE    ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTOBV.  PART  Tt. 

<tf  Aberdeen,  the  whole  Presbytery  of  Strathbogg^ie,  as  at  this  lime, 
except  Mortlich,  Botrifhie,  Bellie,  and  Grange. 

Mortiich,  the  mother  churoh,  was  within  the  dioceM  of  Aberdeen 
till  the  year  1706.  Botrifnie  was  at  that  time,  probably,  a  part  of 
the  parish  of  Mortlich,  or  of  Reith.  Bellie,  depending  on  the  Priory 
of  Urqtthart,  was,  probably,  exempt  from  the  Procurati<Hies.  Grange 
was  a  part  of  the  parish  of  Keith,  and  was  disjoined  and  erected  into 
a  distinct  parish,  in  the  year  1618.  In  the  Deanry  of  Strathspey, 
Laggan,  in  Badeooch,  is  included ;  and.  anno  1139,  Laggan  was  in 
the  diocese  of  Moray. 

How  early  these  Procurationes  were  drawn  up,  I  know  not ;  bat 
with  regard  to  them  it  appears,  that,  in  the  beginning  of  the  thir- 
teenth century,  the  diocese  extended  from  Rynie  in  the  east  to  Aber- 
tarf  in  the  south-west,  and  comprehended  what  are  now  the  counties 
oi  Moray  and  Nairn,  and  a  considerable  part  of  the  counties  of  In- 
verness and  Banff,  and  .some  parishes  in  the  county  of  Aberdeen. 
Let  me  only  add,  that  an  enquiry  made  by  David,  Prince  of  Cum- 
berland, (afterward  King  David  I.),  into  the  ancient  possesions  oi 
the  church  of  Glasgow,  Pentejacob  is  called  one  of  them.  And,  in 
a  charter  to  Uiat  church,  posterior  to  the  enquiry,  Pentejacob  is  said 
to  be  Glenmoriston.  But  why  Glenmoriston  was  so  called,  or  de- 
pended on  the  church  of  Glasgow,  I  know  not.  Such  was  the  dio- 
cese.    Let  me  next  give  some  account  of 

THE  CATHEDRAL  CHURCH. 

In  the  Primitive  Christian  Church,  the  Bishop  sat  as  Prceses  iii 
the  Confessus  or  College  of  Presbyters,  in  a  Cathedra,  or  Chair,  al- 
lotted to  him.  The  pride  and  vanity  of  afler-ages,  when  Bishops 
affected  to  imitate  the  grandenrof  Princes,  turned  the  humble  Cathe- 
dra into  a  Throne.  The  Bishop's  own  church  in  which  he  officiated, 
was  called  "  The  Cathedral  Church  of  the  diocese."     It  is  probable. 


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BECT.    IIJ.  THE   ROHISH    OR    POPISH    CHURCH,  313 

that  the  first  six  Bishops  of  Moray  had  no  fixed  Cathedral,  or  placQ 
of  rewdencej  but  served  in  Birnie,  8pynie,  or  Kenedar,  as  they  a& 
fected.  Bishop  Bricius  io^Daates  as  much,  (App.  No.  XXVIII.). 
and,  mentioning;  Birnie  first,  seems  to  hint  that  it  was  the  Bishop's 
ebnrch.  It  is  a  pleasant  well-fured  situation  within  two  miles  of  the 
town  of  Elgin,  and  the  fourth  Bishop  was  there  buried.  The  pre- 
sent  chui'eh  of  Birnie  is  bailt  with  a  choir  and  nave ;  but  it  does  not 
appear  to  he  the  fabric  that  was  there  in  those  early  times.  There 
are  no  vestiges,  or  tradition  of  a  Palace,  except  a  place  called  "  The 
Castle-hill."  Probably  the  revenues  in  those  days  were  so  small 
and  so  precarious,  as  we  shall  see,  that  they  did  not  admit  of  stately 
Churches  or  Palaces. 

The  first  six  Bishops  having  shifted  from  one  place  to  another,  aa 
&ncy  or  conveniency  prompted  them.  Bishop  Bricius,  who  was  con- 
secrated, anno  1203,  applied  to  Pope  Innocent  to  have  a  Cathedral 
fixed  for  the  Bishops  of  Moray.  The  Pope  appointed  the  Kshopa 
of  St  Andrews  and  Brechin,  and  the  Abbot  of  Lindores,  to  repair  to 
Moray,  and  to  declare  the  church  of  the  Holy  Trinity,  at  Spynie,  to 
be  the  Cathedral  of  the  diocese,  in  all  time  coming,  which  they  ac- 
cordingly did,  (App.  No.  XXVIII.)  But  it  does  not  appear  in  what 
year  this  was  done ;  yet  it  must  have  been  betwixt  the  year  1203, 
when  Bricius  was  consecrated,  and  1216,  when  Pope  Innocent  III. 
died.  Bricius  instituted  a  College  of  Canons,  eight  in  number,  at 
Spynie.  ' 

This  choice  of  a  Cathedral  did  not  please  Bishop  Andrew  Moray, 
immediate  successor  to  Bricius ;  for,  having  come  to  the  Episcopate, 
in  1223,  he  next  year  represented  to  Pope  Honorius,  that  Spynie 
was  a  solitary  place,  far  from  the  necessaries  of  life,  and  that  divine 
service  was  much  neglected,  white  the  Canons  were  obliged  to  travel 
at  a  distance  to  purchase  the  necessary  provisions ;  and.  therefore, 
craved,  that  the  Cathedral  might  be  translated  from  Spynie  to  the 
Church  of  the  Holy  Trinity,  which  stood  a  little  north-east  of  the 


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3U  THE    ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORT.  PART   VI. 

town  oi  £)ffin.  To  iodace  the  Pontiff  Uie  more  readily  to  comply, 
tfae  Bwhop  8ig;aified,  that  it  not  only  was  the  desire  of  the  Obiter 
9f  ifae  diocese,  but  likewise  of  the  Kiu^  of  Scotland,  Alexander  II. 

The  Pope  cheerfully  panted  Uie  request ;  and.  by  his  Apostolie 
Bvll,  or  mandate,  dated  (4to  Id.)  the  10th  day  of  April.  1234,  em- 
powered the  Bishop  of  Caithness,  with  the  Abbot  of  Kinloss,  and 
the  Dean  of  Bosemarkie,  or  the  Bishc^  and  any  one  of  these,  to 
make  the  4«sired  tr»nslati(m,  if  they  should  find  it  useful-  In  obe- 
dience to  which  mandate,  the  said  Bishop  and  Dean  met  at  the 
Church  of  the  Holy  Trinity,  near  £l§^in,  on  the  I4th  of  the  Kalends 
of  Aujgiiist,  i.  e.  July  19th,  in  the  said  year  1224,  and  finding^  the  ne- 
cessity and  useftilness  of  the  translation,  as  represented,  declared 
and  appointed  the  said  Church  of  the  Holy  Trinity  to  be  the  CfUhe- 
dral  Church  of  the  Episcopal  Diocese  of  Moray,  and  so  to  remain 
in  all  time  coming,  (App.  No.  XXXI.) 

Kshop  Andrew  Moray  is  said  to  have  laid  the  foundation-atone  of 
the  Cathedral  Church,  on  the  very  day  in  which  it  was  declared, 
viz.  19th  July,  1294.  And,  as  he  lived  eig'hteen  years  aftu*,  it  can- 
not be  doabted  that  he  greatly  advanced,  if  not  finished,  the  bnild- 
iog.  It  does  not  appear  what  was  the  model,  <ye  what  the  dimea- 
snons  <^  the  Church,  as  first  built,  though  it  is  probaMe  it  was  in  the 
form  common  to  Ca^edral  Churches,  viz.  the  form  of  a  Pasuon- 
Croes,  with  a  spacious  Choir  and  Nave. 

It  had  stood  166  years,  from  the  year  of  its  foundation,  when  it 
was  totally  burnt  and  destroyed,  as  follows : — 

In  the  time  of  Bishop  Alexander  Barr,  Alexander  Stewart,  son 
of  King  Etobert  II.,  Lord  Badenocb,  commonly  called  "  The  Wolf 
of  Bad^ioch,"  seized  on  Uie  Bishop's  lands  of  that  country,  and, 
keeping  violent  possession  of  them,  was  excommunicated.  In  re- 
sentment of  which,  in  the  month  of  May,  1390,  he  burnt  the  town 
of  Forres,  with  the  Choir  of  the  Church,  and  the  Manse  of  the  Arch- 
Deacon.     And  tR  June  that  same  year,  he  burnt  the  town  of  Elgin, 


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SBCT.    III.  TH8   ROMISH    OR    POPISH    CHURCH.  31S 

the  Charch  of  St  Giles,  the  Hospital  of  Maison-Diea,  and  the  Cathe- 
dral Church,  with  aighteen  hoases  of  the  Canons  and  Chapluns  io 
the  College  of  Elg^n.  For  this  wickedness  the  Lord  Badenoch  was 
justly  prosecuted,  and  obliged  to  make  due  reparation.  Upon  his 
humble  submission,  he  was  absolved  by  Walter  Trail.  Bishop  of  St 
Andrews,  in  the  Black-Friar  Charch  in  Perth,  being^  first  received 
at  the  door,  and  agam  before  the  high  altar,  in  presence  of  the  King 
and  many  of  the  Nobility,  on  condition  that  he  should  make  full 
satisfection  to  the  Bishop  and  Church  of  Moray,  and  obtain  absolu- 
tion from  the  Pope,  (App.  No.  XXXII.) 

'  Bishop  Barr  began  the  rebuilding  of  the  Charch ;  and  every 
Canon  contributed.  Bishop  Spynie  continued  the  work ;  bat 
though  every  parish  paid  a  subsidy,  yet,  through  the  troubles  of  the 
times,  it  made  slow  advances.  Bishop  Innes  laid  the  foundation  of 
(be  Great  Steeple  in  the  middle  of  the  Charch,  and  greatly  advanced 
it.  After  his  death  the  Chapter  met.  May  18.  1414,  and  bound 
themselves  by  a  solemn  oath,  that,  whosoever  should  be  elected 
Bishop,  he  should  annually  apply  one-third  of  his  revenue  in  repair- 
ing* tbe  Cathedra],  until  it  should  be  finished.  The  Church  being 
rebuilt,  it  remained  entire  for  many  years ;  but  in  the  beginning  of 
the  sixteenth  century,  about  the  year  1506,  the  Great  Steeple  in  the 
centre  fell  down.  Next  year  Bishop  Foreman  began  to  rebuild  it, 
but  the  wortc  was  not  finished  before  the  year  15^ ;  and  then  the 
height  of  the  Tower,  including  the  Spire,  was  198  feel 

This  charch,  when  entire,  was  a  building  of  Gothic  architecture, 
inferior  to  few  in  Europe.  It  stood  due  east  and  west,  in  the  form 
of  a  Passion  dr  Jerusalem-Cross,  ornamented  with  five  Towers, 
whereof  two  parallel  stood  on  the  west  end, — one  in  tiie  middle,  and 
two  on  the  east  end.  Betwixt  the  two  Towers,  on  the  west  iend, 
was  the  great  porch  or  entrance.  This  gate  is  a  concave  arch 
twenty-four  feet  broad  in  base,  and  twenty-four  in  height,  terminat- 
ing in  a  sharp  angle.     On  each  side  of  the  valves  or  doors,  in  the 

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316  THE  ECCLESIASTICAL  HISTORY;  PART  Vf. 

«wee^  of  the  arcb,  at-e  eight  round,  and  eight  fluted  pilasters,  six  and 
a-half  feet  high,  adorned  with  a  chapiter,  from  which  arise  isixteen 
pilasters,  which  meet  in  the  ke^  of  the  arch.  There  were  portico^ 
or  To-falls  on  each  side  of  the  church,  eastward  from  the  Traverse 
or  Cross,  which  were  eighteen  feet  broad  without  the  walls.  Td 
yield  sufficient  light  to  a  building  so  large,  besides  the  great  win- 
dows in  the  porticos,  and  a  row  of  attic  windows  in  the  walls,  each 
six  feet  high,  above  the  porticos, — there  was  in  the  west  gable, 
above  the  gate,  a  window  in  form  of  an  acate  angled  arch,  nineteen 
feet  broad  in  base,  and  twenty-seven  in  height ;  and  in  the  east  gable 
between  the  turrets,  a  row  of  five  parallel  windows,  each  two  feet 
broad,  and  ten  high,~above  these  are  five  more,  each  seven  feet 
high ;  and  over  all,  a  circular  window,  near  to  ten  feet  in  diameter. 
In  the  heart  of  the  wall  of  the  church,  and  leading  to  all  the  upper 
windows,  there  is  a  channel  or  walk  round  the  whole  building. 
The  grand-gate,  the  windows,  the  pillars,  the  projecting-table, 
pedestals,  cordons,  &c.,  are  adorned  with  foliage,  grapes,  and  other 
carving.  Let  us,  after  describing  the  body  of  the  Church,  take  a 
view  of 

The  chapter-house,  commonly  called  the  Apprentice  Isle, — a  cu- 
rious piece  of  architecture,  standing  on  the  north  side  of  the  church, 
and  conamunicating  with  the  choir  by  a  vaulted  vestry.  The  house 
is  an  exact  octagon,  34  feet  high,  and  the  diagonal  breadth,  within 
walls  37  feet.  It  is  arched  and  vaolted  at  the  top,  and  the  whole 
arched-roof  supported  by  one  pillar,  in  the  centre  of  the  house.  Arch- 
ed pillars  from  every  angle  terminate  in  the  grand  pillar.  This  pil- 
lar, 9  feet  in  circumference,  is  crusted  over  with  sixteen  pilasters  or 
smalt  pillus,  alternately  round  and  fluted,  and  24  feet  high,  adorned 
with  a  chapiter,  from  which  arise  16  round  pillars  that  spread  along 
the  roof,  and  join  at  top  with  the  pillars  (5  in  number)  rising  from 
every  side  of  the  octolateral  figure.  There  is  a  large  window  in  every 
nde  of  seven,  and  the  eight  side  communicates  with  the  choir.     In 


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THE   ROHISH    OR    POPISH    CHURCH. 


317 


tile  nOTth  wall  of  this  chapter-house  there  are  5  stalls,  cot  by  way 
of  nitches,  for  the  Bishop,  or  the  Dean,  in  the  Bishop's  absence,  and 
the  dig-nified  Clerg^y  to  sit  in.  The  middle  stall,  for  the  Bishop  or 
Dean»  is  larger  and  reused  a  step  hig^her  than  the  other  four.  They 
were  all  well  lined  with  wainscoat. 

Some  of  the  dimensions  of  this  church  may  be  seen  as  follows : — 


The  length  oa  the  outdde,      -     .     .    ■-  264 

The  breadth  on  the  outside,  ...     -  36 

The  breadth  within  wtJla,      ....  28 

The  iCTigth  of  the  traTerse  outside,  .    -  114 

The  length  within  walls,    .    -    -    .     -  110 
Tbe  height  of  the  west  Tower,  not  ioclnd- 

ing  the  Spire, -     .  84 

Tbenei^t  of  the  Tower  in  the  centre,  in- 
cluding the  Spire,    ..--.-  198 
Thehe^t  of  the  eastern  Turrets,    .    .  60 
The  breadth  of  the  Great  Gate,  -     .     -  24 

The  height  thereof, 24 

The  breadth  of  each  ValTe,    ....  6 


The  hdght  of  each  Valre,  near  -    -    .  10 

The  height  of  the  side  walls,       -     .     .  36 

The  height  of  the  Chapter-House,    .    -  34 

The  diagonal  breadth  within  walls,  -     .  37 

The  breadth  of  CTery  side,  near    ...  15 

The  circumference  of  the  Great  Pillar,  -  .  9 

The  height  thereof,  below  the  Chapiter,  24 

The  breadth  of  the  Porticos  on  the  side,  18 

The  breadth  of  the  west  window,      .     .  19 

The  height  thereof, 27 

The  height  of  the  east  windows,  ...  10 

The  height  of  the  tecond  row,     ...  7 

The  diameter  of  the  circolai  window,    .  10 


In  taking  these  dimensions  -I  have  not  studied  a  scrupulous  ex- 
actness; and  in  some  of  them  it  was  not  possnble  to  do  so.  The 
spires  of  the  two  west  towers  are  fallen,  but  the  stone-work  is  pretty 
entire.  No  part  of  the  great  tower  in  the  middle  now  stands.  The 
two  eastern  turrets,  being  winding  stair-cases,  and  vaulted  at  the 
top,  are  entire.  The  walls  of  thie  choir  are  pretty  entire ;  and  so  is 
the  whole  chapter-house ;  but  the  walls  of  the  nave  and  traverse  are 
mostly  fallen. 

It  is  a  mistake,  that  this  stately  edifice  was  eittier  burnt  or  demo- 
lished by  the  mob  at  the  Reformation.  Ther  following  act  of  Privy 
Council  shows  the  contrary,  viz. — "  Edinburgh,  Feb.  14,  1567-8. 
Seeing  provision  must  be  made  for  maintaining  the  men  of  war  (sol- 
diers) whose  services  cannot  be  spared,  until  the  rebellious  and  diso- 
bedient be  reduced ;  therefore  appoint,  that  the  lead  be  taken  from 
the  Cathedral  Churches  of  Aberdeen  and  Elgin,  and  sold  for  suate- 
nation  of  the  said  men  of  war     And  command  and  charge  the  Sari 


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318  THE    GCCLEaiASTICAL   HISTORY.  PART  TI. 

of  Huntly,  Sheriff  of  Aberdeen,  and  his  l>eputies,  Alexander  Dun- 
bar of  Cumnock,  Knight  Sheriff  of  EIg;in  and  Forres,  and  his  depo- 
ties,  William,  Bishop  of  Aberdeen,  and  Patrick,  Bishop  of  Moray, 
&c. ;  that  they  defend  and  assist  Alexander  Clerk  and  William  Bir- 
nie,  and  their  servants  in  taking  down  and  selling  the  lead,  &c.» 
signed  R.  M." 

The  lead  was,  accordingly,  taken  off  these  churches,  and  shipped 
at  Aberdeen  for  Holland ;  but  soon  after  the  ship  had  left  the  river, 
she  sunk,  which  was  owing,  as  many  thought,  to  the  sapefstitibn  of 
the  Roman  Catholic  Captain.  Be  this  as  it  may,  the  Cathedral  of 
Moray,  being  uncovered,  was  suffered  to  decay  as  a  piece  of  Romish 
vanity,  too  expensive  to  be  kept  in  repair.  Some  painted  rooms 
in  the  towers  and  choir,  remained  so  entire  about  the  year  1640, 
that  Roman  Catholics  repaired  to  them  to  say  their  prayers.  The 
great  tower  in  the  middle  of  the  church,  being  uncovered,  the  wood- 
en work  gradually  decayed,  and  the  foundation  failing,  the  tower 
fell,  anno  1711,  on  a  Peace  Sunday,  in  the  morning.  Several  chil- 
dren were  playing,  and  idle  people  walking  within  the  area  of  the 
church,  and,  immediately  as  they  removed  to  breakfast,  the  tower 
fell  and  no  one  was  hurt. 

The  College  of  Elgin  was  an  appendage  of  the  Cathedral,  and 
fwoperly  falleth  to  be  next  described.  A  College  is  an  incorporated 
society,  having  particular  rales  or  canons  for  their  government.  If 
the  Xollege  was  not  annexed  to  the  Cathedral  Church,  but  to  an 
ordinary  church,  it  w^  called  a  Collegiate  Church,  and  the  head  or 
ruler  of  the  College  was  called  Provost  or  Dean ;  but  in  a  Cathedral 
with  a  College,  the  Bishop  was  the  ruler.  These  Colleges  were 
instituted  for  performing  Divine  Service,  and  singing  masses  for  the 
souls  of  their  Founders,  or  their  friends.  They  consisted  of  Canons 
or  Prebendaries,  who  had  their  Stalls  for  orderly  singing  the  canoni- 
cal hours,  and  were  commonly  erected  out  of  parish  churches  or 
out  of  the  Chaplainries  belonging  to  churches. 


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SECT.    III.  THB    ROMISH   OR    POPISH    CHURCH.  319 

Canons,  or  Chanooa  Secular,  (so  called  to  diBtinguish  them  froni 
the  Beggar  in  ConventB)  were  Ministers  or  Parsons  within  the  dio- 
cese, chosen  by  the  Bishop,  to  be  members  of  his  chapter  or  council, 
lired  within  th,e  College,  performed  dirine  service  in  the  Cathedral, 
and  sung  in  the  Choir,  according  to  rules  or  canons  mE(de  by  the 
chapter.  They  were  called  Prebendaries,  because  each  had  a  pre- 
bendum  or  portion  of  land  allotted  him  for  his  service.  Canons  and 
prebendaries  differed  chiefly  in  this,  that  the  canon  had  bis  canonica 
or  portion  merely  for  his  being  received,  although  he  did  not  serve 
in  the  church ;  bnt  the  prebendary  had  his  prebendum  only  when 
he  served. 

The  College  of  Canons  annexed  to  this  Cathedral  was  first  insti- 
tuted by  Bishop  Bricius,  in  Spynie,  when  the  Cathedral  was  there. 
He  iostiluted  eight  canonries,  i.  a.  eight  parishes,  whose  ministers 
or  parsons  should  be  canons  and  members  of  the  College,  viz. — let. 
For  the  Deanry,  the  Church  of  Aldern,  with  the  Chapel  of  Nairn. 
3d,  For  the  Chantry,  Langbride,  Alves,  and  Rafford.  3d,  For  the 
Thesaury,  Kenedar,  and  Essil.  4th,  For  the  Chancellary,  Forther- 
ves,  Lilhenes,  Lamui,  and  Duldavie.  5th,  For  the  Archdeaconry, 
Forres  and  Logan  flthenach.  6th,  Stratiiavon  and  Urquhart  be- 
yond Inverness.  7th,  Spynie ;  and  8th,  Ruthven  and  Bipple.  (App. 
No.  XXVIII.)     Let  me  here  observe, 

1st,  That  Bishop  Briciue  had  nominated  the  five  dignitaries, — viz. 
"Hie  Dean,  Chancellor,  Archdeacon,  Chantor,  Treasurer,  and  assign- 
ed and  fixed  their  seats. 

3dly,  Tliat  each  dignitary,  being  a  canon,  and  to  reside  in  the 
College,  had  a  vicarage  or  a  parish  annexed  to  bis  seat,  in  which 
he  employed  a  Vicar,  and  had  the  tithes  to  himself.  t6  add  to  his 
more  sumptuous  living.     Thus  Nairn  was  annexed  to  Aldern,  Sec. 

3dly,  That  the  Seat  of  the  Ciiancellor  was  afterwards  changed 
and  fixed  at  Inveravon.  Fortherves,  I^thenes,  Lunan,  and  Dulda- 
vie, first  assigned  to  the  Chancellor,  I  incline  to  think  were,  Feme^i 

4  M 


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330  THE.  ECCLESIASTICAL    HISTORY.  PART   VI. 

in  Ardclach,  Lethin,  Tulidivie,  in  Edynkillie,  in  all  which  i^aces 
there  were  chapels  or  churches,  and  Lunan,  i.  e.  Lundicbtie,  now 
called  Dunlichtie.  This  I  think  the  more  probable,  because  the 
church  and  parish  of  Ardclach  are  but  late  erections,  not  mentioned 
in  any  ancient  writing;  that  I  have. seen;  and  Femes  and  Lethin 
were  the  places  of  worship  there.  Likewise  Log«n-Fithenacb,  (i.  e. 
the  Woody-Logie,  so  called  to  distin^ish  it  from  Logvn-Dike  which 
was  not  woody),  annexed  to  the  Archdeaconry  was  Log^ie,  where 
Mr  Tulloch  of  Tanachie  had  his  seat,  and  where  there  are  vestiges 
of  a  church.  While  that  church  stood,  there  was  no  church  at, 
Edynkillie,  except  Duldavie  or  TuUidivie.  And  when  the  wood  in 
Edynkillie  was  destroyed,  land  cultivated,  and  a  church  and  parish 
erected,  depending;  on  the  Archdeacon,  then  Logan-Fithenach  was 
annexed  to  Forres. 

Bishop  Andrew  Moray  translated,  with  the  Cathedral,  the  College 
of  Canons  to  Elgin ;  and  to  the  former  eight,  added  fourteen  more^ 
making  in  all  twenty-two,  which  number  they  never  exceeded.  To 
every  Canon  he  gave  a  toft  of  land  for  building  a  manse  upon  it, 
and  a  croft;  and  to  each  of  the  dignitaries  be  gave  four  acres  of 
land,  and  two  acres  to  each  other  canon.  I  find,  in  some  writingi^ 
the  following  twenty-two  canons,  viz. — the  Ministers  of  Aldem, 
Forres,  Alves,  Inveravon,  Kenedar,  Dallas,  Rafford,  f^ingusie, 
Duthil,  Advie,  Aberlour,  IKpple,  Botarie,  Inverkethnie,  Kinuore, 
Petlie,  Duffus,  Spynie,  Rennie,  Moy,  Croy,  and  the  Vicar  of  Elg^n. 
All  these  had  manses  and  gardens  within  the  precinct  of  the  Col- 
lege, and  several  of  them  had  crofts  of  land  near  to  it,  as  yet  called 
the  Deans-Crook,  Dipple-Croft,  Moy-Croft,  &c.  Every  Canonry 
bad  a  Vicat-age  annexed  to  it,  for  the  better  subsistence  of  the  canon, 
who  had  the  great  tithes  of  both  parishes,  and  generally  was  patron 
of  the  annexed  Vicarage.  Thus,  Aldem  bad  annexed  to  it,  Nairn ; 
Forres,  Edynkillie ;  Alves,  Lwigbride  ;  Inneravon,  Urquhart ; 
Kenedar,  Essil;  Dipple,  Ruthven;  Kinnore,  Dunbenen;   fEennie, 


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SECT.    III.  THE    BOHISH    OR    POPISH    CHURCH.  321 

Essie;  Botarie,  £lcbieB ;  Advie,  Cromdale;  Kingusie,  Inch; 
Dathil,  RothiemurchuB;  Pettie>  Bracklie ;  Croy,  Moy  in  Strathem ; 
Moy,  Dyke;  Rafford,  Ardclach;  Aberlaurie,  Skirdnstan.  I  find 
not  that  Duffus,  Spynie,  or  £lg;in,  had  any  Vicarag^. 

The  precinct  of  the  College  was  walled  round  with  a  strong  stone 
wall,  about  4  yards  high,  and  9(K)  yards  in  circuit. — a  g'reat  part  of 
which  remains  yet  entire.  It  bad  four  gates.  The  east  gate,  call- 
ed the  water-gate,  or  the  Pan's-^Port,  appears  to  have  bad  an  iron 
gate,  a  port-collis,  and  a  Porter's  Lodge  ;  and,  probably,  the  other 
gates,  now  fallen,  had  the  like  fences.  Within  this  precinct  stood 
the  houses  of  all  the  canons,  and  likewise  the  Cathedral,  and  a  spa- 
cious churcb-yard,  enclosed  with  a  stone-wall,  and  a  paved  street 
around  it,  leading  to  the  several  gates.  Without  the  precinct,  west- 
ward, towards  the  town  of  Elgin,  (which  was  not  then  built  so  far 
to  the  east,  as  now  it  is),  there  was  a  small  burgh  depending  on  the 
Bishop  and  the  College.  "  On  July  3,  1402,  Alexander  Macdonald, 
third  son  of  the  Lord  of  the  Isles,  entered  the  College  of  Elgin,  and 
wholly  spoiled  and  plundered  it,  and  burnt  a  great  part  of  the  town, 
(App,  No.  XXXII.)  For  this  be  was  excommunicated,  but  was 
after  absolved,  and  he  offered  a  sum  of  gold,  and  so  did  his  captains, 
according  to  their  ability, — all  which  was  applied  for  erecting  a 
Cross  and  a  Bell,  in  that  part  of  the  Chanonry  which  is  next  to  the 
Bridge  of  Elgin."  Probably  that  Cross  stood  where  now  stands  the 
Little  Cross;  and  the  Bridge,  which  was  no  doubt  of  wood,  stood 
near  to  the  Land  now  called  Burrough-Bridge  Lands.  Having  de- 
scribed the  Cathedral  and  College,  I  shall  next  give  some  account 
of 

THE  BISHOP'S  PALACE. 

The  proud  Prelate,  vying  with  temporal  Princes,  must  have  his 
habitation  called,  not  a  house  but  a  palace.     It  is  probable,  that,  as 


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39S  THE    ECCLESIASTICAL    HISTORY.  PART  Tl. 

ID  Mortlicfa,  so  in  Moray,  the  revenues  were  at  first  inconsideraUe, 
and  such  did  not  admit  of  grand  and  suntptuons  pdaces.  AUboo^ 
Bishop  Bricios  informs  us,  ^at  his  predecessors  resided  at  Bimie, 
Spynie,  or  Kenedar,  as  they  fancied,  and  that  he  got  the  Cathedral 
fixed  at  Spynie ;  and  though,  in  Bi^op  Andrew  Moray's  time,  the 
Cathedral  was  translated  to  Elgin,  anno  1234^  we  have  no  account 
of  a  house  or  palace  before  Bishop  Archibald,  who  built  a  house  at 
Kenedar.  about  the  year  1S80.  The  vestiges  are  visible,  and  some 
part  of  the  walls  remains.  It  was  a  large  double  house,  pretty  near 
the  church,  which  likewise  was  spacious,  and  in  the  form  of  across. 
The  distance  of  four  miles  from  the  Cathedral,  and  from  the  market 
at  £lgin,  the  coldness  of  the  situation,  so  near  the  sea,  and  the  total 
want  of  fuel,  would  induce  them  to  build  in  a  more  convenient  place. 
They  could  not  have  chosen  a  more  commodious  situation  and  plea- 
sant, than  where  the  Palace  of  Spynie  stands.  It  is  situated  on  a 
rising  ground  upon  the  south  bank  of  the  Loch  of  Spynie,  in  a  pure 
air,  a  dry  and  warm  soil. — commanding  a  view  of  the  Loch,  and  of 
the  fertile  plains  of  Kenedar  and  Duffus  to  the  north  uid  north-west, 
and  of  the  plains  of  Innes  and  the  winding  of  the  river  Lossie  to  the 
east  and  south-east,  within  a  mile  of  the  Cathedral,  in  view  of,  and 
but  two  miles  from  the  sea. 

This  Palace,  when  it  stood  entire,  was  incomparably  the  moat 
stately  and  magnificent  I  have  seen  in  any  diocese  in  ScoUand.  The 
area  of  the  buildings  was  nearly  a  square  of  40  yards.  In  the  south- 
west comer  stood  a  strong  tower,  called  Davy's  Tower, — 30  yards 
long.  13  broad,  and  about  30  high.  It  consisted  of  vaulted  rooms 
in  the  ground  story,  and  above  these,  four  apartments  of  rooms  of 
state,  and  bed  roons,  with  vaulted  closets  or  cabinets  in  the  wall, 
which  is  9  feet  thick,  with  a  broad  and  easy  stair  winding  to  the  top. 
The  whole  tower  is  vaulted  at  top,  over  which  is  a  Cape-house,  vrith 
a  batUement  round  it.  This  tower  was  built  by  Bishop  David  Stu- 
art, who  died  anno  147d.     Having  some  debates  with  the  Earl  of 


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SBOT.    Itl.  THK   KOMI8H    OB    POPISH    OHVRCH.  S93 

Hantly,  fae  laid  him  under  EcclesiaBtic  censure,  which  provoked  the 
Gordons  so  much,  that  they  threatened  to  pull  the  Bishop  out  of  his 
pigeon-boles,  meaning  the  old  little  rooms.  The  Bishop  is  said  to 
have  replied,  that  he  should  soon  build  a  house,  out  of  which  the 
Earl  and  his  Clan  should  not  be  able  to  pull  him. 

In  the  other  three  corners  stood  small  Towers  with 
In  the  south  side  of  the  area,  betwixt  the  Towers,  th 
cious  Tennis  Court,  and  parallel  to  it  on  the  inside  a 
east  side,  l>etwixt  the  Turrets,  was  planted  with  eta 
offices ;  and  the  north  and  west  sides  were  filled  up  with  bed-rooms, 
cellars,  and  store-rooms.     The  ^te  or  entry  was  in  the  middle  of 
the  east  wall,  secured  by  an  Iron  Grate  or  Port-cullia.    .Over  the 
gate  stand  the  arms  of  Bishop  John  Innes,  who  was  consecrated, 
anno  14DS,  viz.  "Three  Stars  and  the  initial  letters  of  his  name." 
This  affords  a  conjecture,  but  no  certainty,  that  he  was  the  first  who 
built  any  part  of  that  court.     In  the  south  wall  of  Davy's  Tower  are 
placed  the  arms  of  Bishops  David  and  Andrew  Stewart,  and  Patrick 
Hepburn.     The  precinct  round  the  Palace  was  well  fenced  with  a 
high  and  strong  WftU ;  and  within  it  were  gardens,  plots  of  grass, 
and  pleasant  green  walks.     (See  more  concerning  this  Palace  in 
the  next  Section.)     A  Palace  so  large  and  stately  required  a  good 
rent  to  uphold  it,  which  leads  me  to  speak  of 

THE  REVENUES  OF  THIS  BISHOPRIC. 

It  is  probable,  that,  for  some  time  after  the  erection,  the  revenues 
were  small.  I  find  not  any  donations  of  King  David  I.,  or  of  Mal- 
colm IV.  to.  this  church ;  but  King  William  was  a  liberal  benefactor ; 
for  besides  a  small  plot  or  toft  of  ground  in  many  Burghs,  he  gavs 
"  Deciman  meam  de  reditibus  meis  de  Moravia,  et  de  placitis  meis 
per  totum  Episcopatum  Moraviensem."*     And  because  the  people 

*  Hjr  tube,  of  mj  retaru  tmn  Mbny,  and  of  my  plcu  (hrougbout  (be  trboh  BUhopric  of  Bfony. 

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334 


THE   BCCLESIABTICAL  HJSTORr. 


wer6  backward  to  pay  these  Tiends,  it  is  added,  "  I^rmiter  preecipio 
Balivis  meis  de  Moravia  ut  ipsi,  sine  disturbatioiie,  faciant  Ricardo 
Dpiscopo,  et  suis  euccessoribus.  siitg^ulis  ahnis,  plenarie,  et  integre 
habere  preedictam  decimam  de  reditibus  meis."*  Several  of  our 
Kings  and  great  men  afterwards  granted  lands,  forests,  fishings,  <&c. 
to  this  church,  and  the  revenues  of  it  became  very  rich.  I  cannot 
pretend  to  ascertain  all  the  chnrch-lands  within  this  diocese,  or  the 
lands  that  belonged  to  it  in  Ross,  Strathnaver,  &c.  The  rental  (App. 
No.  XXI.)  shows,  that  thechurch  had  lands  in  almost  all  the  parishes 
within  the  diocese,  besides  some  parishes,  as  Birnie,  Kenedar,  Ogs- 
ton,  St  Andrews,  and  Laggan,  that  wholly  belonged  to  it.  The  said 
rental  is  only  the  annuity  or  feu-duty,  now  paid  out  of  these  lands, 
of  which  the  Bishop  was  formerly  proprietor,  and  received  the  whole 
real  rent.  But  these  rich  revenues  were  so  dilapidated  and  sold,  par- 
ticularly by  Bishop  Patrick  Hepburn,  that  in  the  year  1563,  when 
an  account  of  all  Ecclesiastical  Benefices  was  taken,  the  rent  of  the 
Bishopric  of  Moray,  as  then  given  up.  and  recorded  in  the  Book  of 
Assumption,  was  as  under  : — 


Monty. 

L.      8.      D. 

IVheaf. 
CH.    B.     r.     p. 

Barley. 

CH.     B.     F.     P. 

Oati. 
CB.    B.    p.     p. 

Salmon. 

LASTS.  B&lUtELS. 

Paltry.      1 

NO.            I 

1649     7     7 

0     10     0    0 

77      6    ,3     2 

2      8     0    0 

8               0 

223 

The  lands,  which  in  1563  paid  this  rent,  no  doubt  pay  at  this  time 
more  than  £3,000  Sterling.  Besides,  it  was  found  and  complained 
of  at  that  time,  that  full  rents  were  hot  given  up ;  and  scarcely  one- 
half  of  the  lands  of  this  diocese  remained  unsold.  To  the  rental 
ought  likewise  to  be  added,  the  revenue  arising  from  the  Regality 
of  Spynie,  and  from  the  Commissariots  of  Moray  and  Inverness, 


*  I  itricllf  ordain  my  Ballllb  of  Moraj,  that  they,  nitliout  disturbance,  shall,  yearly,  make  good,  Ibe 
Ml  and  mtire  taid  tenth  oT  my  retunuf  to  BUbop  Richard  aod  hii  tuccenon. 


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THB'ROMISH    OR    POPISH    CHURCH. 


325 


which,  before  the  Reformation  was  very  considerable.  To  show  the 
converted  prices  of  victual  and  other  cominodities,  about  the  year 
1563,  I  add  the  following;  diagram,  in  Scots  money  :— 


Whrat 


per  boll. 


TSST- 


"Kcr 


^Si" 


SaliDou 
perbv. 


k)  10  0|0    9   0 


1    0|0  12   0|0   4   0 


This  view,  though  imperfect,  of  the  revenues  of  the  diocese  of  Mo- 
ray, shows,  that  the  Bishops  might  live  as  little  Princes.  And  in- 
deed, in  imitation  of  the  Princes  of  this  world,  as  they  had  their 
thrones  and  palaces,  so  likewise  their  Ministers  and  Officers  of 
State.* 


*  Iltabroadlfobvioni  that  the  {[rest  liistorian  of  the  lut  a([e  of  the  RDman  Empire,  heavily  felt  Ibn 
'  w^ht  and  strength  of  the  argument  for  the  tratb  of  the  doctrine  of  the  atonement  in  all  its  bearings, 
which  is  maintninei]  from  the  rapid  spread  of  the  Gospel  Faith  over  the  world.  II  might  be  bold  to 
assert,  that  this  inestimable  boon  was  conferred  on  our  own  forbeiera  in  Moray,  in  the  apostolic  age  it 
bath  been  said  eren  bf  the  Apostle  Tiiul.  Before  hia  incarceration  In  Cnsarea  and  Rome,  be  had  taken 
n  final  leave  of  the  Chucchei  of  the  East,  to  which  be  lutd  been  by  Divine  Revelalioa  assured  that  he 
should  never  again  retnm,  (Acts,  xx.  25.)  Before  he  left  them,  he  had  written  from  Corbth  to  the 
Romans,  that  he  purposed  to  visit  Spain,  as  soon  as  be  had  brought  a  contribution  which  it  had  pleased 
them  of  Macedonia  and  Achsia  to  make  for  the  poor  saints  in  Jerusalem,  that  whenever  "  he  had  sealed 
ttis  fruit  to  them,"  he  purposed  to  travel  by  Rome  into  Spain,  Rom.  xv.  24-— 88;  for  he  atrived  (o 
pmch  the  gospel,  (he  said  in  the  Hune  chapter),  **  not  where  Chriat  was  named,  lest  he  should  build 
npon  another  man's  foundation."  Townida  the  concluaion  of  his  last  letter  to  Timothy,  he  writes  "  that 
tboogfa  no  man  stood  wilfa  him,  yet  the  Lord  liad  delivered  him  out  of  the  lion's  mouth ;"  trom  the 
cruel  Nero,  about  the  fifty-eighth  of  our  era.  Being  then  at  free  liberty ;  although  we  hove  no  direct 
Mconnt  of  his  aenlous  active  ministrations  for  the  remainbig  part  of  his  life,  computed  to  have  been 
about  ten  yenra ;  it  may  be,  not  without  reasoD.  presumed,  that  he  continued  his  labours  as  he  had  pro- 
posed in  tlioM  western  provinces  of  Uie  Empire,  where  Christ  bad  never  been  named — preaching  the 
gospel  aa  he  joumied  through  France  into  Spain,  and  thence  into  Britain  In  that  era  a  populous  aqd 
peaceful  land,  and  tliat  under  a  gracinua  providence,  the  goapel  as  it  is  at  this  day,  was  in  a  short  time 
thereafter  preaebed  on  the  banks  of  the  Lossie  and  the  Spey. 

-  As  our  warrant  in  sporting  this  imagination  here,  we  adduce  the  teatimony  of  Tertnlian,  of  greater 
authority  alone,  than  all  the  British  historians  together,  from  (iildas  to  Boethius.  In  hia  book  for  con- 
verting the  Jewa,  published  in  the  209  th  year  of  our  Lord,  in  which,  withont  the  fear,  of  cod  trad  iction, 
he  declared  "  that  the  places  of  Britain  which  to  the  Romans  were  inacceaaible,  were'llien  sutiject  untv 
a^ritt.     Britannonun  loca  Romanis  hiaccessB  Christo  Mmen  snbdita."    To  this  we  could  add  aba  tin 


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Sm  THE    GCCLEBIASTICAL  HIBTORT-  PART    VI. 

'  DIGNIFIED  CLERGY. 

The  Dignitaries,  or  dignified  clergy,  who  were  honoured  with  ft 
higher  station  than  the  inferior  clergy,  were  the  following  five : — 

The  Dean,  Decanus,  who  anciently  presided  over  ten  Canons. 
In  the  Bishop's  absence,  he  presided  in  the  Chapter,  in  Synods,  See. 
The  minister  of  Aldem  was  Dean  of  Moray. 

The  Arch-Deacon  (with  us  the  minister  of  Forres)  was  Alter  Epi»- 
copi  Oculus ;  visited  the  diocese,  examined  candidates  for  Orders^ 
gave  collation,  &c.,  and  was  the  Bishop's  Vicar. 
:   The  Chantor  or  Primicerius,  (the  minister  of  Aires),  regulated  the 
music,  and,  when  present,  presided  in  the  choir. 

The  Chancellor,  (the  minister  of  Inveravon)^  was  the  Judge  of 
the  Bishop's  C^urt,  the  Secretary  of  the  Chapter,  and  Keeper  of 
their  Seal. 

The  Treasurer,  (the  minister  of  Kenedar),  had  the  charge  of  the 
Treasure  or  Common  Revenues  of  the  diocese. 

All  these  had  rich  livings,  and  deputies  to  officiate  for  them; 
and,  with  some  Canons,  constituted  the  Bishop's  Privy  Council,  or 


icatioMMjr  of  EnieUuc  and  ThMdoret,  who  both  mmtiim  the  BriUin*  b  (belr  rolli  of  the  ChrftUaB 
iwHmi  In  (be  beglnnin;  of  the  fimith  eentury.  Bvt  b  centaiy  of  ChrUtbuiitfi  ku  or  mane  uwnj  «w 
ancMton  the  PicU,  being  now  to  a>  of  do  fmt  Importuce,  one  ihort  qootathm  from  the  ABBab«f 
TacHii*ni  thit  m^txt  wilt  nAce.  U  reUtM  Is  tbe  ilbutrioni  PompouK  G^eelw^  (be  LMlyof  lbs 
flnt  Ranwn  Ooremor  in  Briton.  In  (be  eulleat  tiroea  <rf  perwcntion,  "  fibe  wu  aecvaed  of  tuiri^[ 
been  pMtf  of  n  ftncigD  and  itnage  nipentition,"  (the  healhen  authon  almys  wrlti^  of  oar  Goipel 
Faith  In  thli  Ignorwit  and  aconirnl  (trie),  «  and  her  trU  for  that  ^tlt  behig  tbe  dn  t^  of  her  hiidMad, 
aoeordii^  to  the  ancietit  enatom  and  law,  be  coDTeaed  ber  relatknu  aod  all  tbe  hmllf  ;  and  having  In 
tbeir  preMoee  tried  bar  befaariour,  and  her  repn  tattoo,  declared  her  bnoeent  of  erery  approaA  to  iu. 
OMvalltj.    Pomponla  Ijf  ed  kng  after  tbii  trial,  but  alwaji  led  a  retind  and  melaodicriy  kind  of  life." 

iBwhsterarcentnTy,  howem',  whether  the  lecond  or  the  fourth,  in  which  tbe  l^t  of  thegoapelatter' 
tj  diapelled  tbe  Draid  niperatitim  amoog  oar  ancailiyrt,  we  anuredlj  know,  that,  tintil  oeariy  (he  end 
of  die  tenth  eentnrf,  (bejr  retlsted  both  (he  patrimonial  eneroarhmentf,  and  die  doctrinea  bIm  wfaidi 
imeag  Ghrlatlaat  are  peculiar  to  the  dinrdi,  wlio  count  (he  Fope  of  Rome  to  be  tbeir  head ;  mdi  ai 
(he  tintoIncM  of  Ladiea  and  Tallon  to  rmd  tbe  word  of  Ood ;— bellevini;  diat  all  pleot  commmiicanb 
are  hardened  cmmibab,  and  that  Mah  iuvlslbte  and  pnrelr  immaterial,  fai  their  panage  at  dieir  death 
to  hearen,  are  bnriled  for  a  aeuon  on  live  material  oallaarj  coals. 

OaUlMMtbander  tbatctMlBi7(  thenUBbtmof  tbego^  anoag  oar  IbHwIer^  Ind  bo  othv 


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SECT.    III.  THE    ROMISH    OR    POPISH    CHURCH.  33T 

Chapter  Capitolam,  or  Little  Head  of  the  diocese,  the  Bishop 
being;  the  head.  Bishops,  of  old,  had  their  clerg^y  residing  with 
them,  to  assist  them  in  their  work ;  aod  after  parishes  were  erected, 
a  Dean,  with  some  Canons  and  Prebendaries,  made  the  chapter  or 
council.  They  advised  and  assisted  the  Bishop, — signed  with  him 
all  public  acts  and  deeds ;  and  in  a  vacancy  elected,  for  Bishop, 
whom  the  King*  recommended  by  his  C&nge  de  Elire.  The  chapter 
consisted  of  the  Bishop,  the  DigniBed  Clergy,  and  the  Canons  or 


tiU»«r  dignity,  MTe  that  in  which  tbmr  succMsura  of  llie  pMsing  genemtion  boast,- -that  of  (he  tervanta 
of  God.  Kelledees,  as  proRounced  in  tiimr  Ene  renmcular,  mabtarning  onr  preioDt  Presbyterian  form 
In  public  wonhip,  Brcleaiaatk  parity ;  and  discipliae,  m  all  the  pnrity,  and  in  all  the  poverty  of  (ha 
^oMoUc  age.  '-  Ohtarlng  all  such  worki  of  deTOtion,*'  as  tlie  *enerable  Bede,  aboit  the  year  of  our 
Iiord  700)  luUh  testified  of  them,  Book  3d,  Chap.  4tfa;  "and  sounil  doctrine,  as  they  could  learn  In  tha 
Prophets,  the  Oo^mIs,  and  the  Apostka*  writii^." 

Our  monarcfas,  b  the  latter  part  of  that  century,  with  onr  nobles,  in  mere  complaisance  at  the  first 
lo  theh*  only  Ally  the  court  of  Paris  of  (he  Rom'ish  church,  adopted  their  more  pompous  forms  and  their 
IbiHrals,  little  aware  of  (he  way  which  thereby  they  opened  for  the  immediate  introduction  of  the  Hier- 
archy eatireof  Prelates,  with  their  attendant  Myrmidons  of  Deans,  Chancellors,  Cbantors,  Parsons,  with 
their  Vicars;  Monica,  Frian,  and  Nuns,  In  their rarioui  habits,  colours,  orders,  Bn4  denominations,  with 
as  little  apprehension,  perfaaps,  as  that  proporlion  of  the  people  of  ftishion  in  the  passing  geaeralton, 
kids  and  ladwa,  knights  and  squires,  from  mrre  oomplaisance  also,  although,  perhaps,  a  little  mors  ex- 
coMOI>le,  to  our  own  Prdattc  Court.  For  no  Scots  gentleman  is  so  silly  a*  to  believe,  tliat  bii  worshlp- 
pfaig  his  Maker  in  the  form  either  of  prelacy  or  pre.'ibytery,  can  have  the  smHllest  iofluencB  on  the  statA 
,  of  hb  tplrltiul  existence.  There  are  none  of  them  to  serious,  Iherefofie,  in  their  profession,  as  eren  tft 
wiA,  mudi  less  to  endeavour  by  an  overt  act,  to  exalt  ngaia  the  lordly  Bishop  to  an  equality  wit]i  tfaent, 
although  they  may  not  all  know  thai  the  Creed  of  the  39  articles  in  the  one  Church,  andof  tbeSSchap- 
tetv  in  which  the  (aith  of  the  olher  is  comprised,  are  precisely  tLe  nme  in  «very  point,  save  alone  as  t» 
the  rank  and  woatth  of  their  respective  servants,  while  by  this  complaisance,  exclusive  of  its  cast,  tfaey 
have  lowered  down  themoelves  into  the  less  raputable  and  less  respectable  clas^  of  dissenters  from  their 
own  national  church,  greatly  diminishing  thereby  their  influooce  among  the  simple  poorer  labourers  of 
(b^  ground,  misleading,  by  their  example,  tb^  more  illiterate  part  of  the  community  into  the  foolish 
maintaioanceofall  the  variety  (rf  vagabond  Gospellers,  Seceders,  Reliefs,  Methodists,  Haldunltes,  lode- 
pendents,  &c,  who  prey  upon  their  people  by  substituting  their  respective  kinds  of  sanctimonious  scru- 
puloalliea,'  for  the  simple  Apostolic  worship  of  the  Presbyterian  Church,  unvarnished  by  prelatic  poni[v 
and  pwifted  from  sectarian  cant  and  hypocritical  grimace. 

The  fir«t  Bisbo|M  of  our  nation  were  foreign  Interlopers,  Regiiulus,  Faladius,  Servsous,  towards  tha 
end  of  the  nlnlb  cenlury,  they  wire  not,  theralbn,  consecrated  lo  any  pabular  Diocese  or  See,  but 
similar  to  the  modem  toctarian  vagabonds,  porformed  thnr  prelatic  functions  m  all  phicos  witbaut  dift. 
liuetioB. 

4  o 


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338  THE    ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  PART    VI. 

Prebendaries  chosen  by  the  Bishop ;  and,  in  the  Bishop's  absence, 
the  Dean  presided. 

INFERIOR  CLERGY. 

The  Inferior  Clergy  were  Parsons,  Vicars,  Ministers  of  Mensal 
Churches  and  Common  Churches,  and  Chaplains. 

Parsons  were  they  who,  in  propria  pergona,  had  the  right  to  the 
tithes,  and  were  the  ministers  and  rectors  of  parishes.  What  parishes 
were  parsonages  within  this  diocese  I  cannot  precisely  determine, 
nor  is  it  of  importance  to  know. 

Vicars  Jungebant  vice  PersonsB  aeu  Rectoris.  To  augment  the 
revenues  of  the  Bishop,  the  INgnified  Clergy,  and  Canons,  parish 
churches  were  annexed  to  the  churches  in  which  these  served,  and 
they  were  the  rectors  or  parsons  of  such  annexed  churches,  e.  g.  the 
Minister  of  Aldern,  as  Dean,  had  Nairn  and  Calder  annexed  to  his 
parish, — he  was  parson  of  these  churches,  had  a  right  to  the  tithes, 
and  he  sent  Vicars  to  serve  the  Cure,  to  whom  he  allowed  what  por- 
tion of  the  tiUies  be  thought  fit,  as  a  stipend ;  and  hence  they  were 
called  Stipendiarii.  At  first,  Vicars  were  employed  only  daring 
pleasure,  and  were  called  "  Simple  Vicars."  But  the  avarice  of  the 
parson  made  the  cure  to  be  much  neglected  in  this  way ;  wherefore 
Vicars  were  afterwards  settled  for  life,  and  called  "  Perpetual  \^cars." 
They  generally  had  the  small  tithes  allowed  them.  The  Parsons, 
who  had  Vicarages  depending  on  them,  claimed  the  patronage  of 
them ;  and  hence  it  is,  that,  after  the  Reformation,  the  patron  of  the 
parsonage  acted  as  patron  of  the  Vicarage. 

Mensal  Churches  were  such  as  de  menga  Episcopi,  for  fiirnishing 
his  table.  He  was  Parson  and  Titular,  and  employed  a  Vicar  or 
Stipendiary  to  serve  the  cure.  Such  churches  were  St  Andrews, 
Ogston,  and  Laggan,  besides  mensal  tithes  that  the  Bishop  had  in 
other  parishes,  (App.  No.  XXXIII.)  The  Bishop  was  patron  of  all 
mensal  churches,  and  planted  them  Jure  pn^trio  et  abaoluto. 


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SECT.    III.  THE    BOMISH    OR    POPISH    CHURCH.  339 

Common  Churches  were  so  called,  because  the  tithes  of  them 
were  the  common  good,  or  for  the  public  and  common  exigencies 
of  the  diocese.  The  Bishop  and  Chapter  were  Patrons,  and  con- 
corred  in  planting- them.  We  see  (App.  No.  XXXIII.)  that  Fer- 
noa,  Laggan,  Kinchardin,  Abernethie,  Altyre,  Calder,  and  Amtullie. 
probably  were  common  churches,  and  so  was  Daviot.  Though  the 
tithes  of  Uiese  churches  were  appointed  for  the  public  charges  of  the 
diocese,  yet  it  cannot  be  doubted  that  the  Bishop  and  Chapter  shared 
in  them.  This  benefit  at  least  they  bad,  that  they  themselves  laid 
out  no  part  of  their  benefices  in  the  common  affairs  of  the  diocese. 

Chaplains  were  those  clergy  who  officiated  in  chapels  ;  and  these 
chapels  were  of  different  kinds.  In  parishes  of  great  extent,  chapels 
of  Ease  were  erected  in  distant  comers,  for  the  conveniency  of  the 
aged  and  infirm,  and  the  rector  of  the  parish  maintained  a  curate 
there  to  read  prayers,  and  sing  Masses.  Vestiges  of  such  chapels 
are  to  he  seen  in  many  parishes. 

Some  chapels  were  called  Free  Chapels,  which  were  not  depend- 
ent on  any  parish,  but  had  proper  endowments  for  their  own  Minis- 
ters, whose  charge  was  called  "A  Chaplainry,"  and  the  Minister 
"  A  Parochial  Chaplain."  Generally  such  chapels  as  had  Churches, 
.Church-yards,  and  Glebes,  were,  I  think,  either  Chapels  of  Kase,  or 
Free  Chapels.* 

Besides  these,  there  were  Domestic  Chapels,  or  Oratories,  built 
near  the  residence-of  great  men,  in  which  the  domestic  chaplain  or 
priest  officiated.  Socb  chapels  were  at  Calder,  Rilravock,  Boharm, 
&c.  And  almost  in  every  parish  there  were  Private  Chapels,  one 
or  more,  built  by  private  persons,  that  Masses  might  be  said  or  sung 
there  for  their  own  souls,  and  that  of  the  souls  of  their  friends. 
Some  small  salary  was  mortified  for  that  end,  and  usually  granted 


■  Such,  I  th)Dk,iraathecbgipelorUDtbuikiii'DiiifUs,of  LBOgmom(LhMi-Morsaii)  in  Elgin,  Dklen 
In  Calder  paritll. 


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S30  THE    ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  PART  VI. 

to  the  priest  of  the  parish.  In  the  College  of  Elgin,  I  find  the 
Private  Chapels  of  St  John,  St  Thomas,  St  Colin,  and  the  Holy 
Cross. 

The  office  of  saying  Mass  in  such  chapels  was  called  chantry,  or 
chanting  Masses.  The  salary  for  the  Priest's  officiating*  or  saying 
Mass  at  an  altar,  was  called  Altarage.  The  service  performed  for 
the  dead,  how  soon  they  expired,  was  the  Obit,  and  the  Register  of 
the  dead  was  called  Obituary.  In  the  first  antiphcme  of  the  office 
of  Obit  are  the  words  Dirige  nos  Domine;  and  hence  came,  the 
Dirge.  These,  and  the  like,  were  shifts  to  increase  the  revenoe  oi 
the  clergy. 

GOVERNMENT  OF  THE  DIOCESE. 

Let  us  now  take  a  view  of  the  government  of  the  diocese. — both 
clergy  and  laity.  The  Bishop  was  properly  the  only  prince,  govern- 
or, and  ruler,  in  whom  alone  the  power  of  jurisdiction  was  lodged ;. 
and  for  his  conveniency  he  had  officers  and  courts, — ecclesiastical, 
civil,  and  criminal.  Of  these  courts  the  Chapter  was  the  principal 
one,  in  which,  or  rather  in  the  Bishop,  the  legislative  power  was  lodg- 
ed. The  Bishop,  with  the  advice  of  the  Chapter,  made  laws,  canons, 
and  regulations  for  the  diocese ;  erected,  annexed,  or  disjoined  pa- 
rishes; purchased,  sold,  or  set  in  lease  or  tack  church-lands,  tithes, 
&c. 

Diocesian  Synods  were  sometimes  called  at  the  Bishop's  pleasure. 
In  these  the  Bishop  presided,  when  present ;  and  in  his  absence  the 
Dean.  Cases  of  discipline,  and  appeals  from  Deanries,  were  cognos- 
ced in  these  Synodical  meetings;  and  from  them  the  Protestant 
Church  took  the  plan  of  Provincial  Synods. 

The  diocese  was  divided  into  Deanries.  It  appears  (App.  No. 
XXX.)  that  these  Deanries  were  only  four, — viz.  of  Elgin,  of  Inver- 
ness, of  Strathboggie,  and  of  Strathspey.  These  seem  to  have  been 
in  some  respects  what  Presbyteries  are  now,  and  to  have  been  the 


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«ECT.   III.  THB  ROMHH  OR  POPISH   OHUBOH.  3S1 

model  on  which  those  Presbyteries  have  been  formed  which  now 
exist  in  this  country. 

The  consistorial  court,  to  which  the  Commissariot  succeeded,  was 
held  in  the  Bishop's  name  by  his  Official.  This  court  judg^ed  in  all 
matters  of  tithes,  marriag^es,  divorces,  widows,  orphans,  minors,  tes- 
taments, mortifications,  &c.  I  shall  g^ve  an  instance  or  two  of  the 
frauds  that  were  countenanced  in  these  courts.  The  one  is,  that  per-  ' 
sons  within  the  seventh  deg^e  of  consang;uinity,  or  fourth  of  affini- 
ty, might  not  marry  without  a  dispensation.  But  by  a  dispensation 
a  man  might  marry  the  two  sisters,  or  a  woman  the  two  brothers. 
It  is  incredible  what  money  these  dispensations,  whether  Papal  or 
Episcopal,  brought  in.  No  less  shameful  was  it,  that  if  one  died  in- 
testate, all  his  moveable  goods  were  given  to  the  Bishop,  per  aver- 
sionem,  and  his  wife,  children,  and  relations,  yea,  and  creditors  were 
excluded.  The  pretence  for  this  vile  practice  was,  that  such  effects 
ought  to  be  laid  out,  for  promoting  the  good  of  the  soal  of  the  de- 
ceased. Id  this  diocese  there  were  two  Consistorial  Courts,  one  at 
Elgin,  the  other  at  Inverness,  which  brought  a  rich  branch  of  re- 
venue to  the  Bishop. 

The  Courts  of  Regality  likewise  added  to  the  Bishop's  revenne. 
In  1453,  King  James  II.  erected  the  village  of  Spyuie  in  a  free 
Barony,  and  all  the  church-lands  of  the  diocese  into  one  regality. 
The  Bishop,  as  Lord  of  the  Regality,  had  his  Bailivesand  Deputies 
in  Aberdeen,  Banff,  Inverne^  Ross,  and  Sutherland .  counties,  for 
in  all  these  he  had  lands.  In  a  word,  such  was  the  power  and  rich- 
es of  the  clergy,  that  Bishops,  Abbots,  and  Priors,  made  fifty-three 
votes  in  Parliament;  and  in  all  public  impositions  paid  one-half  of 
the  taxation. 

The  Arms  of  the  See  of  Moray  were,  the  Image  of  a  Saint,  bear- 
ing a  Cross,  and  landing  in  the  Poreh  of  a  Church. 


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3^  THB    ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTOBT.  PABT   VI. 

SECTION  \\.~The  Prote»tant  Church. 

The  gross  corniption  of.  doctriDe.  extreme  indolence,  most  open 
and  scandalous  dissolution  of  manners,  and  barbarous  cruelty  of  tbe 
Komisb  Clergy,  in  tbis  kingdom,  concurred  to  bring  about  the  re- 
formation of  religion,  whicb  was  establisfaed  by  Parliament,  anno 
1360.  From  tbat  time,  as  the  regular  clergy  were  suppressed,  so  the 
secular  had  no  legsd  establishment,  though  much  connived  at  by  tbe 
Royal  House  of  Stuart. 

The  Protestant  religion  was  gradually  propagated,  and  the  number 
of  its  Ministers  being  at  first  rery  small,  some  years  must  hare  passed 
before  the  northern  counties  could  be  planted.  E  shall  not  here  treat 
of  the  doctrine  and  worship  of  the  reformed  church  in  this  kingdom 
any  further,  than  briefly  to  consider  the  changes  that  happened  as 
Presbytery  or  Prelacy  alternately  prevailed  in  the  government  of 
the  church ;  and  let  me  glance  at  the  several  periods  since  the  Re- 
formation. 

I.  PERIOD. 

The  first  period  reaches  from  anno  1560  to  1572,  during  which 
Presbytery  was  the  government  of  the  church.  It  is  true,  the  few 
Protestant  ministers,  at  the  Reformation,  were  distributed  among  Uie 
Royal  Burghs,  and  made  it  more  their  concern  to  establish  and  propa- 
gate the  pure  doctrines  of  religion,  than  to  determine  and  fix  any 
one  model  or  form  of  church  government.  And  until  the  government 
should  be  deliberately  settled,  a  few  auperintendantswere  {^pointed. 
But  these  could,  in  no  propriety,  be  called  Bishops,  such  as  were 
under  Popery,  or  in  some  after-periods  of  the  Reformation ;  for  they 
had  no  Episcopal  Consecration.  They  were  solemnly  set  apart  to 
their  Office  by  mere  Presbyters.    They  neither  claimed  nor  exer- 


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SECT.  IT.  THE    PBOTBSTANT   CHURCH.  933 

cised  a  sole  power  of  ordination  or  jnrisdictioD.  They  never  pre- 
tended to  be  an  Order  superior  to  Presbyters.  They  were  account- 
able to,  and  censored  by  the  General  Assembly;  and  what  shows 
they  were  but  a  temporary  expedient,  there  were  but  five  named,  of 
which  number,  when  one  died,  there  was  no  saccessor  to  him  appoint- 
ed. And  when  Presbyteries  were  to  be  erected,  the  Superintendant's 
office  ceased. 

Where  there  were  no  Superintendants,  Commissioners  were  ap- 
pointed ;  and  Mr  Robert  Pont,  a  Senator  of  the  College  of  Justice, 
was  named  Commissioner  of  Moray,  anno  1570  (App.  No.  XLVI.) 
But  I  know  not  if  he  acted  as  such. 

General  Assemblies  beg;an  to  be  kept  in  1560,  and  were  continu- 
ed annually;  but  how  soon  Provincial  Assemblies  were  kept,  I  find 
not.  It  could  not  have  been  early,  for  want  of  ministers  to  make 
such  a  meeting  in  some  Provinces;  and  yet  the  Assembly,  1568, 
appointed,  that  the  members  of  Assembly  should  be  elected  at  the 
meetings  of  Synod,  which  makes  it  probable,  that  Synods  were  ge- 
nerally erected  at  that  time.  The  oldest  Register  of  a  Synod  in  Mo- 
ray, of  which  I  can  find  any  account,  began  in  1606.  How  long 
before  that  time  they  had  Synods,  I  know  not 

There  were  no  Presbyteries,  such  as  they  are  now,  within  this 
period.  But  there  were  meetings  for  exercise  very  early ;  and  the 
Assembly,  1570,  expressly  says,  that  the  exercise  may  be  accounted 
a  Presbytery. 

As  to  Congregational  Sessions,  they  were  held  from  the  beginning 
of  the  Reformation,  and  exercised  government  and  discipline.  It  is 
no  marvel,  if,  in  this  infant  state  of  the  church,  the  government  was 
not  fully  established;  yet  the  constitution  of  it  was  plainly  Presby- 
terian, and  inconsistent  with  Prelacy. 

II.  PERIOD. 

Tha  second  period  runneth  from  anno  1573  to  anno  1592,  daring 


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■334  THE  BCCLBSIAJSTICIL  HISTOttT.  PABT  VI. 

which  a  sort  of  Episcopacj  obtuned  io  the  eharch.  Durioj^  the 
Regency  of  the  £arl  of  Moray,  no  alteratioD  in  the  eGcleBiastical 
^vernment  was  attempted.  But  how  sood  the  JGarl  of  Morton, — 
A  man  of  insatiable  avarice, — became  Regent,  he  brought  about  a 
change.  The  Popish  Bishops,  who  were  allowed  two-thirds  of  their 
revenues  during  life,  were  generally  dead.  Morton  obtained  a  grant 
of  the  temporalities  of  the  Archbishopric  of  St  Andrews.  Other 
Noblemen  procured,  or  hoped  to  procure,  the  like  grants.  But  they 
could  not  enjoy  these  revenues  directly,  with  any  colour  in  law. 
Wherefore  Morton  got  it  agreed,  in  a  meeting  of  some  ambitious 
men  of  the  Clergy,  and  a  committee  of  the  Privy  Council,  that  the 
name  and  office  of  Archbishop,  and  Bishop  should  be  continued 
during  the  King's  minority,  but  subject  to  the  Assembly  as  to  their 
spiritual  jurisdiction.  These  Bishops,  introduced  anno  1573,  wer^ 
by  way  of  ridicule,  but  justly,  called  Tulchan  Bishops.  A  Tulchan 
was  the  skin  of  a  dead  calf,  stretched  on  a  frame  <^  wood,  and  laid 
under  a  cow,  to  make  her  give  milk ;  and  theae  Bishops  had  the 
name,  that  by  a  private  agreement,  and  allowing  them  a  small  Be* 
nefiee,  the  dioceses  might  yield  their  milk  or  revenues  to  the  Noble- 
men. 

This  Regent  further  gratlBed  his  avarice  at  the  expense  of  the 
clergy.  In  the  year  1561,  a  part  of  the  Thirds  of  ecclesiastical  Be- 
nefices was  allowed  to  the  Protestant  clergy  for  their  subsistence ; 
but  this  came  to  be  very  ill  paid.  Morton  got  the  clergy  to  resign 
the  Thirds  in  his  favour,  and  he  promised  duly  to  pay  their  stipendiary 
allowance.  But  he  assigned  three  or  four  churches  to  one  minister, 
with  the  stipend  of  only  one  chorch,  and  applied  the  rest  to  his  own 
uses. 

These  Tulchan  or  nominal  Bishops,  bad  possession  of  the  Episcopal 
palaces,  and  had  their  Chapters,  and  both  Consistorial  and  Regality 
Jurisdictions.  But  they  were  in  no  proper  sense  Bishops.  They 
were  admitted  or  consecrated  by  Presbyters,  and  were  subject  to 


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BBCT.   IT.  XHB   PR0TESTJU7T  CKUBOH.  Hftl 

and  deposed  by  the  Assemblies.  The  g^Temment  of  the  church  .was 
really  Presbyterian,  by  General  Assemblies  and  Provincial  Synods. 
And,  in  ]581,  the  Assembly  declared  the  office  of  Bishop,  as  then  exer-* 
cised  within  the  realm,  to  have  no  foundation  or  warrant  in  the  word 
of  God;  and  Presbyteries  were  erected  throug^hout  the  kingdom, 
whereof  there  were  three  in  Moray, — viz.  the  Presbyteries  of  filgin* 
Forres,  and  Inverness.  Notwithstanding  this,  the  Titular  Bishopt 
coDtiDued  till  the  year  1692. 

III.  PERIOD. 

The  third  period,  from  anno  1393  to  1610,  was  strictly  Presbyte- 
rian. The  Tulchan  Bishops,  having  titles  of  honour,  a  seat  in  Par" 
liament,  with  revenues  or  stipends  somewhat  greater  than  other  mi- 
nisters, had  neglected  their  spiritual  employments,  were  despised  by 
the  gentry,  and  considered  as  profane  by  the  populace.  Yet  James 
VI.  would  gladly  have  continued  them,  as  a  set  of  men  slavishly  de- 
voted  to  him,  and  to  whom  they  owed  their  promotion.  The  King 
himself,  by  his  partial  favour  to  Papists,  and  his  shameful  conduct 
in  the  affair  of  Moray's  murder,  had  sunk  greatly  in  his  character* 
and  the  Chancellor  (Seaton)  was  become  odious,  as  to  him  was  im^ 
pated  the  King's  conduct.  For  these  reasons  the  King  favoured  the 
clergy,  and  established  the  Presbyterian  government  in  the  most 
ample  manner,  by  an  Act  of  Parliament,  anno  1593. 

A  new- division  was  now  made  of  the  church  into  Synods  and 
Presbyteries;  and  in  Moray  four  Presbyteries  were  appointed,-— viz. 
Inverness,  Forres,  Elgin,  and  Ruthven.  By  this  last,  1  think,  is 
meant  the  Presbytery  of  Strathboggie,  which  might  be  appointed 
to  meet  at  Ruthven  or  Cairnie. 

The  church  did  not  long  enjoy  the  peaceable  exercise  of  this  go* 
vernment.  The  King  wanted  much  to  have  Bishops  restored  to 
tb^r  full  power,  as  some  sort  of  a  balance  to  the  Nobles  in  Parlia- 
ment; but  they  were  bo  odious,  that  be  was  afraid  to  revive  tb*'Of' 

40 


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336  THE   ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  PART   TI. 

der.  Yet,  by  flattery,  promises,  or  threats,  he  got  a  majority  of  the  . 
Clergy  to  agree^  anno  1597  and  IdOS,  that  some  ministers  shonid 
represent  the  church  in  Parliament.  After  that  he  obtained  to  have 
constant  moderators  in  Presbyteries ;  and  upon  his  accession  to  the 
throne  of  England,  desirous  to  establish  a  hierarchy  in  Scotland, 
he,  by  an  Act  of  Parliament,  July  9, 1006,  restored  the  tempondities 
of  Bishops,  and  granted  them  a  Seat  in  Parliament.  In  consequence 
of  this  Act,  those  whom  the  King  named,  acted  as  Bishops ;  but  it 
was  not  before  the  year  1010,  that  a  packed  General  Assembly  allowed 
the  office  of  a  Bishop.  "  I  say  a  packed  General  Assembly ;"  for  Sir 
James  Balfour,  in  bis  M.  S.  Annals,  Vol.  I.  relates,  "  that,  in  the 
General  Assembly  held  at  Linlithgow,  anno  1606,  the  Earl  of 
Dunbar  distributed,  among  the  most  needy  and  clamorooa  of  the 
ministers,  40,000  Marks,  to  facilitate  the  work,  and  obtain  their 
suffrages.  And,  anno  1610,  after  the  Assembly  was  ap,  the  Earl  of 
Dunbar  paid  £5,000  Scots  to  the  Moderators  of  Presbyteries,  for  by- 
gone service."  Thus,  by  bribing,  banishing,  intimidating,  and  im- 
prisoning ministers,  the  Presbyterian  government  of  the  church  was 
overturned. 

IV.  PERIOD. 

The  fourth  period,  from  anno  1610  to  1638.  The  General  As- 
sembly at  Glasgow,  aono  1610,  having  enacted,  that  Episcopacy 
shall  be  the  government  of  the  church,  Spottiswood,  Lamb^  and  Ha- 
milton, ministers,  were  brought  up  to  London  to  be  consecrated. 
Hiey  objected,  that  this  might  be  constructed,  a  subjecting  the 
Church  of  Scotland  to  that  of  England.  No,  replied  the  King, 
for  the  Archbishops  shall  have  no  hand  in  it.  A  poor  reason,  yet  it 
satisfied  them.  Then  Bishop  Andrews  moved,  that  they  should  be 
first  orduned  Presbyters,  because  they  had  not  Episcopal  Ordina- 
tion. Although  such  re-ordination  would  be  a  declaring  all  their 
former  ministrations  null,  yet,  so  forward  were  they  to  obtain  the 


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SECT.   IV.  THB   PftOTESTANT  CHURCH.  337 

di^i^itj  of  Bishops,  that  they  made  no  objection.  Bat  the  Arch- 
bishop of  Canterbury  answered,  that  there  was  no  necessity,  because 
ordination  by  Presbyters  is  lawful,  where  Bishops  cannot  be  had  ; 
else  it  mig-Itt  be  doubted,  if  there  was  a  lawful  mission  in  most  of 
the  Reformed  churches.  Upon  this  they  were  consecrated  by  the 
Bishops  of  London,  Ely,  and  Bath ;  and,  upon  their  return  to  Scot* 
land,  they  consecrated  others.  Here  let  me  observe,  that,  according 
to  the  Laudean  and  Dodwellian  zealots,  these  Bishops  were  made 
per  Saltum,  and  so  their  ministrations  were  null.  Be  this  as  it  may* 
Uie  civil  sanction  was  g^ven,  anno  1613,  to  this  change  of  govern- 
ment But  the  new  Bishops  were  characterised  in  the  following 
verses : — 

Vina  amat  Andreas,  cum  vino  Glasgua  antorea, 

Ross  caetiM,  ludoa  Galva,  Brichseus  ope*. 
Aulam  Orcas,  ollam  Moravus,  parit  Insala,^*au4^««, 

Dumblanus  tricas,  fwmen  Aberdonius. 
Fata  Caledoniusyraferm  ruminat  agri, 

Ranu  adit  Parochos,  O  Catanaee,  tuo». 
Solus  in  Argadiis  Presul  meritiasimuB  oris. 

Vera  Ministerii  gymbola  aolvs  habes* 

Daring  the  life  of  James  VI.  the  subordination  of  judicatories 
was  regularly  kept  up,  and  the  Bishops,  afraid  of  General  Assem- 
blies,  kept  within  some  bounds  of  moderation  and  decency.  But  how 
soon  King  Charles  mounted  the  Throne,  Synods  and  Presbyteries 


■  The  Bishoti  of  St.  ANDREWS  was  fond  of  Wine ;  OLAseowof  tVlneand  Amoura;  RoMdelightMl 
iB  Compuf ;  OlLLoWAT  tn  IKvenlona,  uid  BrechIW  in  Riches ;  OaKiiST  bauAted  (be  Court,  and 
HoRAT  the  Kitchen)  the  Bishop  of  the  Isles  ctrntriTcd  Fnodst  Ddhblars  lored  Trifles,  and 
Aberdbbh  a  Kame ;  DITnkeld  coreled  his  ncigliboura  Land  ;  Caithness  was  seldom  with  his  Flocki 
The  Bishop  of  AsotU  Wm  Om  only  wortbr  CleifymSnt  and  had  akme  the  trat  S^boll  of  tb« 
HfnbterW  oAee. 


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339  THB   ECCLB8IASTICAL  HISTORY.  PART   \L 

were  continued,  but  AsBembiies  were  quite  laid  aside.  Then  the 
young  Bishops,  having;  no  check  or  cootroul,  became  proud,  ambi- 
tiou8,  and  idle,  eocourag'ed  tyranny  in  the  State,  and  innovations 
(both  in  doctrine  and  worship)  in  the  church.  King-  James,  having 
in  vain  tried  to  introduce  the  Enjflish  Liturgy  into  Scotland,  dropt 
the  design ;  but  his  son,  governed  by  liery  zealots,  would  rather 
set  the  three  kingdoms  in  a  flame,  than  fail  in  bringing  the  church 
of  Scotland  to  a  full  conformity  with  that  of  England.  The  Bishops 
became  so  hateful,  that  all  ranks  concurred  in  throwing  them  out; 
qnd  the  King  finding  it  necessary  to  call  a  General  Assembly,  anno 
1638,  that  meeting  condemned  Episcopacy,  deposed  six  of  the 
Bishops,  and  both  deposed  and  excommunicated  the  other  eight. 

With  respect  to  the  Province  of  Moray,-  I  find  no  alteration  in 
this  period,  but  what  was  the  consequence  of  the  change  of  govern- 
ment, from  Presbytery  to  Prelacy, — except  that  two  new  Presby- 
teries,-'—viz.  Aberloure  and  Abernethie,  were  erected. 

V.  PERIOD. 

The  fifth  period,  from  anno  1638  to  1663.  The  General  Assem- 
bly, 1638,  having  condemned  Episcopacy,  at  least  in  this  church, 
and  having  revived  the  exercise  of  Presbyterian  government  in  its 
full  vigour;  the  bad  circumstances  of  the  King's  affiiirs,  and  not  his 
own  inclination,  made  him,  in  Parliament,  1641,  ratify  this  change. 
Then  the  clergy  discovered  how  difficult  it  was  for  them,  when  vest- 
ed with  power,  to  behave  with  moderation.  What  they  loudly  com- 
plained of  under  the  foregoing  period,  they  then>Ftelves  now  violently 
run  into.  They  complained,  that  the  King  and  Bishops  would  im- 
pose upon  the  Church  of  Scotland,  the  Liturgy  of  the  Church  of 
England,  or  worse;  and  now,  by  the  Solemn  League  and  Covenant, 
they  would  impose  the  government  and  worship  of  the  Church  of 
Scotland  upon  the  Churches  of  England  and  Ireland.  Duriug  this 
period,  General  Assemblies  were  anuuaUy  kept,  till  anno  10S3. 


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SICT.    IV.  THE    PKOTBSTAKT  CHUKOH.  390 

When  the  Assembly  was  constituted  on  July  16th  that  year,  a  troop 
of  horse,  and  some  companies  of  foot,  sarrounded  the  house,  and  Co- 
lonel Lilbarn  entered  with  a  file  of  musketeers,  and  bid  them  begone, 
which  they  obeyed.  From  this  time  till  anno  1090,  there  was  not 
a  meeting-  of  the  General  Assembly. 

The  division  of  the  clergy  into  Besolutioners  and  Protesters,  pror 
ed  fetal  to  them.  Their  Commissioners,  particularly  Mr  James 
Sharp,  whom  they  employed  at  London,  to  take  care  of  the  interest 
of  the  church,  treacherously  betrayed  them;  and  Charles  II.,  who 
was  no  more  to  be  trusted  than  his  fether  or  grandfather  had  been, 
wrote,  by  Mr  Sharp,  to  Mr  Douglas,  the  letter  following : — 

Whitehall,  Auguat  10M,  1660. 

"  Charles  Bex,  Trasty  and  well-beloved.  We  graciously  accept- 
ed your  address,  and  we  are  well  satisfied  with  your  carria^s,  and 
with  the  generality  of  the  ministers  of  Scotland,  in  this  time  of  trial. 
We  by  this  assure  you,  liiat  we  resolve  to  discountenance  profanity, 
and  all  contemners  of  Cio^el  ordinances ;  and  to  protect  and  pre- 
serve the  government  of  the  Church  of  Scotland,  as  it  is  settled  by 
kw,  without  violation.  This  you  shall  make  known  to  all  Presby- 
teries in  the  church." 

This  letter  was  Mr  Sharp's  contrivance ;  and  the  Jesuitical  equi- 
vocation in  the  words, '  as  settled  by  law,*  was  unworthy  of  a  Prince ; 
for  next  year,  by  the  Act  Becissory,  all  was  rescinded  and  annulled, 
that  had  been  transacted  in  Parliament  since  the  year  1633 ;  and  so 
the  government,  settled  by  lai^,  was  Episcopacy,  as  practised  before 
1633. 

VI.  PERIOD. 

The  sixth  period,  from  anno  1662  to  1600.  The  government  of  the 
church  by  Bishops  was  now  restored,  not  by  the  church  or  the  Stat^ 
the  clergy  or  luty,  bat  by  the  King's  prerogative  Boyal,  and  was  ra^ 
tified  in  Parliament,  anno  1662.    The  four  Gentlemen«  now  conse- 

4B 


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040  THE    ECCLESIASTICAL  HiSTORY.  'PART    VI. 

'.crated  Bishops  at  LoDdon,  were  first  ordained  Deacons  and  Presby- 
ters— a  tacit  confeasioD,  that  former  Bishops  were,  properly,  do 
Bishops.  No  General  Assembly  was  called  during:  ^bis  period  ;  but 
Synods  and  Presbyteries  were  allowed  to  meet ;  yet  not  by  thesie 
Presbyterian  names,  for  now  they  were  called  Diocesian  Assemblies 
and  Exercises.  A  Popish  King  and  a  profane  Ministry,  warmly 
resented  the  severities  nnder  the  late  Usurpation ;  and  the  new  Bishops 
formerly  Presbyterians  and  Covenanters,  would  tolerate  no  raan,  tiiat 
wonld  not  thoroughly  conform  to  both  Charcb  and  State. 

This  brought  on  a  Persecuti<Hi  that  lasted  during  this  period,  (n 
the  year  1663,  about  400  ministers  were  ejected  out  of  their  paru^r 
es  and  livino*s,  because  they  would  not  swear  to  despotism  in  the 
State,  and  Prelacy  in  the  Church.  Such  as  have  curiously  inquir- 
ed into  the  number  of  sufferers  for  Nonconformity  to  Church  and 
State,  during  this  period,  have  calculated,  that,  by  hanging,  drown- 
ing, tumults,  intercommuning,  imprisoning,  and  banishing,  at  least 
18,000  were  cut  off.  In  England,  the  persecution  for  Nonconformi- 
ty was,  for  a  time,  very  hot.  But  when  James  laid  aside  the  mask, 
and  showed  his  design  of  introducing  Popery,  the  Bishops  and 
Doctors  made  a  faithful  and  firm  stand  for  the  Protestant  religion, 
and  heartily  joined  in  muntuning  it 

But  in  Scotland  the  Bishops  became  abject  flatterers  of  that  Po- 
pish King,  and  seemed  to  wish  for  Popery  and  slavery ;  for  when 
they  heard  of  the  Prince  of  Orange's  expedition,  for  preserving  re- 
ligion and  liberty  in  Britain,  they  wrbte  a  letter  to  their  King,  dated 
November  3, 1688,  in  which  they  did  not  once  mention  the  Protest- 
ant religion,  but  prayed,  "  that  God  might  give  him  the  necks  of  his 
enemies,  and  clothe  with  shame  all  who  would  invade  his  rights,  and 
that  Heaven  might  preserve  his  son,  to  sway  the  Royal  Sceptre 
after  him."  This  letter  was  signed  by  all  the  Bishops,  except  Ar* 
gyle  and  Caithness,  (Appendix,  No.  L.) 

Upon  the  Prince  of  Orange's  landing,  and  King  James'  abdicat- 


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SECT.   IV.  fHB   PROTESTANT  CHURCH.  341 

iDg  the  Throne,  and  flying  to  France^  the  people  in  the  west,  who 
had  been  rendered  mad  by  oppression  and  persecution,  became  un- 
ruly, aad  violently  drove  away  many  of  the  Episcopal  ministers, 
who  had  been  too  much  the  authors  of  their  suffering-s.  And  upon 
the  11th  April  1689,  the  Convention  of  Estates  (consisting  of  two 
Dukes,  two  Marquises,  twenty-eight  Earls,  six  Viscounts,  twenty 
one  Lords,  and  fifty  Commissioners  of  Counties  and  Burg^hs,  and 
some  Bishops)  declared  Prelacy  a  great  and  insupportable  grievance 
to  the  nation,  and  that  it  ought  to  be  abolished.  This  declaration 
was  carried  by  so  great  a  majority,  that  there  were  only  eleven  against 
it,  whereof  seven  were  Bishops. 

In  this  period  there  was  notJiing  peculiar  to  the  Province  of  Mo- 
ray, but  what  «hall  be  taken  notice  of  in  some  general  reraarks^ 
after  I  have  i^ken  a  little  concerning 

VII.  PERIOD. 

The  seventh  period,  which  runneth  from  the  year  1690  to  the 
present  time.  In  the  year  1090,  the  Presbyterian  Government  was 
restored,  and  established  by  Pariiament ;  and  that  year  the  General 
Assembly  met,  after  it  had  been  discontinued  ever  since  the  year 
1653.  The  Episcopal  ministers  now  conformed  generally  to  the 
Civil  Ciovernment,  and  were  indulged  to  keep  their  churches  and 
Benefices  during  life.  By  this  means  the  number  of  Presbyterian 
ministers  in  the  Diocese  of  Moray  was  so  small,  that  they  made  bat 
one  Presbytery,  called  the  Presbytery  of  Moray,  till  the  year  170S, 
Before  this  year  they  had  no  meeting  of  Synod;  but  in  March  1T02, 
the  Commission  of  the  Assembly  recommended  to  them  to  meet  in 
Synod.  In  pursuance  of  which,  in  a  meeting  at  Forres,  June  23, 
1702,  they  erected  themselves  inlo  three  Presbyteries, — viz.  the 
united  Presbytery  of  Inverness  and  Forres ;  the  united  Presby- 
tery of  Elgin,  Aberloure,  and  Abernelhie ;  and  the  Presbytery 
of  Stratbboggie.    In  October  the  same  year,  they  met  in  Synod 


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343  THE    EqCLESUSTICAI.  BISTORT.  PART   T|. 

fok-  the  first  time.  The  number  of  ministers  soon  inGreasin^,  by 
the  demise  of  the  Episcopal  Incumbents,  Aberloure  and  Abemethie 
were  disjoined  from  Elgin,  anno  1707,  and  made  a  distinct  Presby- 
tery. In  1708,  InvernesB  and  Forres  became  two  Presbyteries; 
and,  in  1700,  Aberloure  and  Abemethie  were  disjoined,  and  made 
two  Presbyteries.  In  1706,  the  Assembly  annexed  Mortlich  to  the 
Synod  of  Moray.  And  in  the  year  1724,  the  Assembly  having 
erected  a  new  Synod,  called  "  The  Synod  <tf  Glenelg^,"  the  parishes 
of  La^g^an,  Boleskin,  and  Urquhart,  were  disjoined  from  -the  Synod 
of  Moray,  and  included  in  that  new  Synod.  I  shall  now  close  this 
Section  with  a  few  remarks. 

Upoii  perusing  the  Ecclesiastical  records,  it  is  apparent,  that  true, 
rational.  Christian  knowledge,  which  was  almost  quite  lost  under 
Popery,  made  very  slow  progress  after  the  Reformation.  It  was 
long  before  Ministers  could  be  had  to  plant  the  several  corners,  and 
particularly  the  Highlands.  In  the  year  1650,  the  country  of  Loch- 
aber  was  totally  desolate,  and  no  Protestant  Ministers  had  before 
that  time  been  planted  there.  And  when  the  number  of  Ministers 
increased,  very  few  of  them  understood  the  Erse  language,  and 
teachers  were  settled  in  the  Highlands,  who  were  mere  Barbariuis 
to  the  people.  Through  want  of  schools,  few  had  any  literary  edu- 
cation ;  and  they  who  had,  would  not  dedicate  themselves  to  the 
Ministry,  when  the  livings  were  so  poor  as  not  to  afford  bread. 

Hence  ignorance  prevailed  in  every  comer.  To  which,  besides 
the  want  of  public  teachers,  many  things  contributed.  The  number 
of  Papists  was  greAt, — they  who  professed  the  Protestant  reli^on 
retained  strong  prejudices  in  favour  of  the  religion  of  their  ancestws. 
Popish  profaneness  and  irreligion,  too  grateful  to  flesh  and  blood, 
could  not  soon  be  abolished.  So  little  was  the  Lord's-day  regarded, 
that,  in  the  town  of  Elgin,  in  the  year  1501,  their  annual  Fairs  were 
held  on  that  day ;  and  many  years  after,  the  shops  were  open  on 
t|iat  day  for  buying  and  selling. 


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SBCT.    ir.  THE    RBOTBfiTJLNT   CHUBC0.  $lt 

The  ansettled  state  of  the  nation  increased  this  ig^norance.  Dun 
ing^  the  reign  of  James  VI.,  tumults,  insurrections,  violence,  murder, 
uid  bloodshed,  filled  the  land.  The  civil  wars,  in  the  reign  of  his 
son,  turned  church  and  State  into  the  utmost  confusion ;  and,  under 
the  reign  of  the  two  royal  brothers,  the  high  ambition  was  to  root 
out  the  Northern  heresy,  and  to  re-establish  Popery  in  oar  land. 

The  changes  in  the  doctrines  and  government  of  the  church, 
likewise,  nourished  ignorance  and  vice.  Our  Reformers  taught  the 
Oalvinistic  doctrine,  and  settled  Presbyterian  government.  But 
James  VI.  overturned  Haal  government,  and  sought  to  abolish  that 
doctrine.  His  son  made  further  advances  in  these  changes.  Armi- 
nianism  became  the  favourite  scheme  of  doctrine;  and  Episcopacy, 
absolutely  necessary  to  salvation,  the  plan  of  government.  During 
the  Usurpation,  enthusiasm  and  anarchy  prevailed;  and  with  ttie 
RestOTaticHi,  Deismi  and  a  general  dissolution  of  manners,  like  a 
flood,  came  in ;  the  transition  from  one  extreme  to  another  being 
easy  and  common. 

Thie  reign  of  Charles  II.  is  well  described  by  Mr  Pope,  in  the 
following  lines : — 

In  the  fat  Jt^  ofpleoBure,  feetUth,  and  ease. 

Sprung  the  rank  meed,  and  thriv'd  mith  large  increase  ; 

When  h»)e-nxu  ail  an  easy  MonarcKs  cart. 

Seldom  at  Cownml,  never  in  a  mar. 

TUts  ruled  the  State,  and  Statesmen  farces  mrii, 

Nay  mits  had  pensions,  and  young  Lords  had  mit ; 

The  fair  sat  panting  at  a  Courtier's  play. 

And  not  a  Mask  went  unimproved  amay  ; 

The  modest  fan  mas  li^ied  up  no  more. 

And  virgins  smild  at  what  they  blush'd  before. 
The  conduct  of  the  clergy  had  a  bad  influence.     When  the  Pres- 
byterians ruled,  they  exercised  too  little  prudence,  charity,  or  discre- 
tion  ;  and  when  the  Bishops  governed,  they  encouraged  persecution 

4S 


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344  THE   BCCLGSIASTICAL   HISTORY.  .  PA&T   VL 

and  bloodshed.  These,  having;  no  superiors  (no  General  Aesegablies 
to  restrain  them)  but  the  King,  whose  creatures  they  were,  became 
proud  and  insolent,  little  regarding  any  concernments  of  the  church, 
except  their  own  power  and  revenues,  and  quite  neglected  the  means 
ofdifliising  and  propagating  the  knowledge  of  religion  and  virtue ; 
'  insomuch  that  there  were  scarce  any  schools  of  learning  in  the  Pro- 
vince, except  in  Royal  Burghs,  till  after  the  Revolution.  I  well  re- 
meoiber  when  from  Speymoutb  (through  Strathspey,  Badenoch  and 
Lochaber)  to  Lorn,  there  was  but  one  school, — viz.  at  Ruthven,  io 
Badenoch ;  and  it  was  much  to  find,  in  a  parish,  three  persoqs 
that  could  read  or  write. 

Such  prevailing  ignorance  was  attended  with  much  superstition 
and  credulity.  Heathenish  and  Romish  customs  were  much  practised. 
Pilgrimages  to  wells  and  chapels  were  frequent.  Apparitions  were 
everywhere  talked  of  and  believed.  Particular  families  were  said  to 
be  haunted  by  certain  demons, — the  good  or  bad  Genius*  of  these 
families ;  such  as,  on  Speyside,  the  family  of  Rothiemurchus,  by  Bo- 
dach  an  Don.  i.  e.  the  Ghost  of  the  Dune.  The  Baron  of  Kinchar- 
dine's  family,  by  Red  Hand,  or  a  Ghost,  one  of  whose  hands  was  blood 
red.  Gartinbeg,  by  Bodach-Gartin.  Glenlocbie,  l)y  Brownie.  Tul- 
lochgorum,  by  Maag  Moulach,  i.  e.  one  with  the  left  hand  all  over 
hairy.  I  find  in  the  Synod  Records  of  Moray,  frequent  orders  to 
the  Presbyteries  of  Aberloure  and  Abernethie,  to  inquire  into  the 
truth  of  Maag  Moulach 's  appearing;  but  they  could  make  no  dis- 
covery, only  that  one  or  two  men  declared,  (hey  once  saw,  in  the 
evening,  a  young  girl,  whose  left  hand  was  all  hairy,  and  who  in- 
stantly disappeared. 

Almost  every  large  Common  was  said  to  have  a  Circle  of  Fairies 
belonging  to  it.  Separate  hillocks  upon  plains,  were  called  Sigh 
an,  i.  e.  Fairy  hills.  Scarce  a  shepherd  but  had  seen  apparitions  and 
ghosts.   Charms,  casting  nativities,  curing  diseases  by  enchantment^ 


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SECT.    IV.  THE    PROTESTANT   CHURCH.  345 

'  fortune-telling:,  were  commonly  practised,  and^iirmty  believed,— as 
Dr  Garth  well  describes  the  goddess  Fortune,- 
In  this  still  labyrinth  around  her  lie, 
Spelh,  philters,  globes,  and  schemes  of  palmistry, 
A  Siffil,  in  this  hand,  the  Gipsy  bears, 
In  t'other  a  prophetic  sieve  arid  shears. 

Witches  were  said  to  hold  their  nocturnal  meeting  in  Churches, 
Church-yards,  or  id  lonely  places;  and  to  be  often  transforraed  into 
Hares,  Mares,  Cats, — to  ride  throug^h  the  regions  of  the  Air,  and  to 
travel  into  distant  countries, — to  inflict  diseases,  raise  storms  and 
tempests :  And  for  such  incredible  feats,  many  were  tried,  tortured, 
and  burnt.  If  any  one  was  afiSicted  with  hysterics,  hypochondria, 
rheumatisms,  or  the  like  acnte  diseases,  it  was  called  witchcraft ;  and 
it  was  sufficient  to  suspect  a  woman  for  witchcraft,  if  she  was  poor, 
old,  ignorant,  and  ugly.  These  effects  of  ignorance  were  so  fre- 
quent wiUiin  my  memory,  that  I  have  often  seen  all  persons  above 
twelve  years  of  age  solemnly  sworn  four  times  in  the  year,  that  they 
would  practise  no  witchcraft,  charms,  spells,  &c. 

It  was  likewise  believed,  that  Ghosts,  or  departed  souls,  often  re- 
tamed  to  this  world,  to  warn  their  friends  of  approaching  danger, 
to  discover  murders,  to  find  lost  goods,  &c.  That  children  dying 
unbaptized  (called  Tarans)  wandered  in  the  woods  and  solitudes, 
lamenting  their  bard  fate,  and  were  often  seen.  It  cannot  be  doubt- 
ed, that  many  of  these  stories  concerning  Apparitions,  Tarans,  &c., 
came  out  of  the  cloisters  of  Monks  and  Friars,,  or  were  the  inventfbn 
of  designing  Priests,  who  deluded  the  world  with  their  stories  of 
Purgatory  and  Limbos  Infantum,,  But,  after  the  Revolution,  the 
moat  distant  corners  being  planted  with  Ministers,  Schools  erected 
io  almost  every  parish,  Charity-Sehools  set  up  for  instructing  the 
poor ;  Christian  knowledge  propagated,  and  Natural  Philosophy 
much  improved  ;  ignorance  was  gradually  removed,  and  superstition 
lost  credit     Apparitions,  Fairies,  Witches,  Tarans,  have  disappear- 


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346  THE    ECCLfiSIASTIGAL   HISTORY.  PART    VI. 

ed  :  and  few  r^ard  the  Btories  concerning-  them,  except  stupid  old 
people  who  cannot  shake  off  their  prejndices,  and  begotted  Papists 
who  g^re  implicit  faith  to  their  Priests. 

It  appears  all  along;  since  the  Reformation,  that  the  clergy  either 
looked  on  church  g-overnment  as  alterable  or  ambulatory,  or  made 
little  account  of  the  diiFerence  betwixt  Presbytery  and  Episcopacy, 
notwithstanding  their  wrangling  about  the  Ju%  Dicinum.  The 
zealous'  Prelatists,  before  1638,  fully  complied  with  Presbytery  and 
the  Covenant;  and  the  bigotted  Covenanters  as  readily  complied 
with  Prelacy  in  1662.  And  if,  at  the  Revolution,  few  conformed  to 
Presbytery,  it  was,  because  they  were  allowed  their  benefices  for 
life,  upon  qualifying  to  the  Civil  Government,  and  their  not  con- 
forming to  the  Ecclesiastic  Government,  eased  them  of  considerable 
expences,  in  attending  upon  Judicatories,  paying  Centesimas,  &c. 

One  cannot  but  observe,  that  the  clergy  of  both  denominations  are 
too  ambitions  of  power,  and  ready  to  abuse  it  into  severity  and  per- 
secution. In  time  of  Presbytery,  after  the  year  1038,  ministers  who 
would  not  subscribe  the  Covenant,  or  who  conversed  with  the  Mar- 
quis of  Huntly,  or  the  Marquis  of  Montrose,  or  who  took  a  protec- 
tion firom  them,  were  suspended,  deprived,  or  deposed ;  and  gentle- 
men who  took  part  with  Hantly  or  Montrose,  were  tossed  from  one 
Judicatory  to  another,  made  to  undergo  a  mock  penance  io  sackcloth, 
and  to  swear  to  the  Covenant.  Under  Prelacy,  on  the  other  hand, 
after  the  Restoration,  the  Presbyterians,  and  all  who  opposed  Court 
measures,  had  no  enemies  more  virulent  than  the  clergy.  They  in- 
formed against  them,  made  the  Court  raise  a  cruel  persecution, 
and  make  insidious  and  sanguinary  laws  for  fining,  imprisoning, 
intercom  muni  ng,  hanging,  &c.  It  is  never  better  with  religion,  than 
when  the  Clergy  are  entrusted  with  little  power,  and  have  no  share 
in  the  Civil  administrations. 

Under  both  Presbytery  and  Prelacy,  they  brought  the  high  cen- 
sure of  excommunication  into  contempt,  by  the  frequency  of  it,  and 


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SECT.   IV.  THE    PROTESTANT   CnUftCH.  S4T 

applyiDg'  it  to  improper  objects.  Ladies  of  quality  were  excommtt' 
nicated,  purely  because  tbey  were  Papists  or  Quakers,  thoug'h  other* 
wise  regular  and  moral.  And  yet  such  time-servers  were  they,  that 
the  most  zealous  before  the  Restoration,  after  it,  became  cold  and 
foint,  knowing:  the  disposition  of  the  Court. 

In  the  year  1600.  by  Act  of  Parliament,  all  persons  were  requir- 
ed to  partake  of  the  Sacrament  of  the  Supper,  once  in  the  year,  un-* 
der  these  penalties,— an  Earl.  £1000;  a  Lord.  1000  Merks;  a  Ba- 
ron, 300  Merks ;  a  Yeoman,  £40;  a  Burg^ess,  as  the  Council  shall 
modify.  I  am  not  surprised,  that  such  an  Act  was  made  by  that 
King,  especially  as  it  was  made  upon  pretence  of  obliging  Papists 
(a  strange  way  of  converting  them)  to  become  Protestants.  But  it 
is  shameful  to  find  the  clergy  zealous  in  executing  this  profane  law, 
and  prostituting  an  ordinance  so  sacred.  Yet  this  they  did,  both 
-  ander  Prelacy  and  Presbytery. 

Always  upon  the  establishing  of  Episcopacy,  ministers  were  strict- 
ly prohibited  by  the  Bishops  to  marry  any  widower  or  widow,  till  the 
Testament  of  the  former  husband  or  wife  was  confirmed  ;  and  they 
were  required  to  remit,  quarterly,  to  the  Commissioners,  lists  of  all 
dying  within  their  parishes.  It  was  pretended,  that  this  was 
done  for  the  benefit  of  the  children  and  near  relations :  bat  it  was  in 
truth  for  the  benefit  of  the  Bishop ;  and  the  Parliament,  1690.  abo- 
lished this  avaricious,  cruel.  Popish  practice,  of  robbing  poor  widows 
and  children;  and  now  no  one  needs  confirm,  unless  he  inclines. 

The  moderation  and  lenity  of  the  Civil  Government  since  the 
Revolution,  compared  with  former  reigns,  is  very  observable.  In 
former  periods,  whatever  was  the  church  government  established  by 
law,  no  dissenting  from  it,  or  non-conformity  to  it,  was  connived  at« 
— ^far  less  was  it  tolerated.  Dissenters,  I  mean  Protestants,  were 
oppressed  and  persecuted.  But  now  Papists  are  connived  at.  Pre- 
latists  have  a  legal  toleration  in  their  favour;  and  they,  who,  on  ac- 
count of  their  Jacobite  principles,  will  not  accept  of  it,  are  connived 

4  T 


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34S  THE    ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  PART    VI. 

at,  and  suffered  to  keep  their  private  meetings  for  worship;  And 
though  the  Established  Church  is  rent  by  Seceders,  CameroniaDs; 
Macniillanites,  Glassites,  <&c.,  yet  no  sect  is  disturbed  or  oppressed. 
I  shall  close  this  Section  with  one  remark  more,  viz  : — 

The  conduct  of  the  Episcopal  Clergy,  at  and  since  the  Revolution. 
In  June,  1600,  the  Parliament  established  Presbytery  as  the  govern- 
ment of  the  church,  and  required  all  the  Episcopal  Ministers,  who 
would  remain  in  their  charg^es,  not  only  to  swear  the  allegiance,  but 
to  subscribe  the  assurance,  "  owning  King  William  and  Queen  Mary 
as  the  only  lawful  King  and  Queen  of  this  realm,  as  well  dejure  as 
de  facto,  and  promising  to  maintain  and  d«fend  their  title  and  go- 
vernment against  the  late  King  James,  &c"  This  they  brought 
upon  themselves,  by  their  Jesuitical  distinction  of  dejure  and  de 
facto.  The  Parliament  likewise  considered,  that  the  Episcopal 
Clergy  who  qualified  to  the  government,  and  so  continued  in  office, 
were  more  numerous  than  the  Presbyterian  Ministers,  and,  if  ad- 
mitted to  a  share  in  the  government,  would  overbalance  these, — 
therefore  the  Parliament  committed  the  g-ovemmentto  those  Mioi»- 
ters,  now  alive,  who  had  been  ejected  since  January,  1661,  and  to 
such  as  they  did  or  should  admit.  Of  these  consisted  the  Assembly 
which  met  in  October.  1600.  Few  more  were  yet  ordained :  In 
the  North,  the  Episcopal  Clergy  generally  qualified  to  the  govern' 
ment,  and  kept  their  churches.  In  the  diocese  of  Moray  upwards  of 
forty  did  so. 

These  Episcopal  Ministers,  though  qualified  to  the  government, 
joined  the  Jacobite  Laity,  in  endeavouring  to  restore  their  King  and 
Episcopacy.  In  order  to  this  last,  it  was  contrived,  that  a  body  of 
Episcopal  Ministers,  more  numerous  than  the  Presbyterians,  should 
apply  to  the  next  General  Assembly,  to  be  received  into  a  coali- 
tion, upon  such  terms  as  they  thought  could  not  be  refused.  If 
received,  they  hoped  soon  to  overturn  Presbytery.  If  rejected, 
they  would  represent  the  Presbyterians  to  the  King  and  Parliament, 
as  of  an  unpeaceable,  seditious,  and  persecuting  spirit,  and  hoped  in 


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SECT.    IV.  YUK   PAOTESTAHT  CHURCH.  S4t) 

this  way  to  succeed.  And  if  Prelacy  was  once  restored,  they  wbnld 
work  up  the  nation  to  a  new  Revolution.  This  scheme  seems  to 
hare  been  formed  by  the  Viscount  of  Tarbet.  a  Nobleman  of  some 
learning,  but  of  less  integfrity>  who  insinuated  himself  into  King^ 
William's  favour,  and  yet  lived  and  died  a  keen  Jacobite.  The  Scots 
Bishops  communicated  a  part  of  this  design  to  the  English  Bishops* 
Hiey,  together  with  Lord  Tarbet,  prevailed  with  the  King,  who 
was  a  stranger,  to  defer  calling  an  Assembly  in  1601,  for  the  sake 
of  peace,  as  they  pretended ;  but,  in  fact,  that  their  scheme  might 
be  ripened. 

All  things  being^  now  ready,  an  Assembly  was  called  to  meet  ia 
January,  1603,  and  the  King,  in  his  letter,  recommended  to  receive* 
into  a  share  in  the  government,  all  who  should  desire  to  be  thus 
comprehended..  Then  Dr  Canaries,  at  the  head  of  one  hundred  and 
eighty  Episcopal  Ministers,  and  in  the  name  of  many  more^  appear- 
ed and  desired  to  be  received,  and  they  would  subscribe  the  follow- 
ing formula :— "  I,  A.  B.,  do  sincerely  promise,  and  declare,  thai  I 
will  submit  to  the  Presbyterian  Government  of  tiie  Church,  as  it  is 
now  establi^ed  in  this  kingdom,  and  that  I  will  subscribe  the  Con- 
fession of  Faith,  and  the  Larger  and  Shorter  Catechisms  ratified  by 
Act  of  Parliament  in  the  year  1600,  as  containing  the  doctrine  of 
the  Protestant  religion  professed  in  this  kingdom." 

The  Assembly  knew  Dr  Canaries'  character ;  they  saw  the  design 
of  these  men  was  no  more  than  what  a  Jesuit,  or  a  Mahometan  might 
offer.  These  men  did  not  promise  to  believe  the  doctrine,  and  not 
to  overturn  the  government  of  the  church.  In  short,  such  equivoca- 
tion was  condemned,  and  their  offer  rejected.  Upon  this  Canaries 
appealed  to  the  King  for  redress ;  and  the  Earl  of  Lothian,  Commis^ 
sioner,  dissolved  the  meeting  sine  die.  But  the  Assembly  asserted* 
unanimously,  the  right  of  the  church,  and  appointed  the  time  of  theii* 
next  meeting. 

The  Jacobites  now  hoped  to  triumph,  but  were  disappointecli 


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350  THE  ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  PAJtT    ri. 

Theirdesig^ns  were  seen  into ;  tibe  King  was  undeceived,  and  the  Far-" 
liament,  having'  met  in  April,  1603,  ordained, "  That  no  one  be  admit- 
ted or  continued  a  minister  or  preacher,  till  he  first  subscribe  the 
Allegiance  and  Assurance;  also  subscribe  the  Confession  of  Faith, 
and  own  the  doctrine  therein  contained,  to  be  the  true  doctrine,  to 
which  he  will  constantly  adhere ;  and,  likewise,  own  Presbyterian 
church  government,  submit  thereto,  and  never  endeavour,  either  di- 
rectly, or  indirectly,  the  prejudice  or  subversion  thereof,  and  observe 
the  worship  as  at  present  performed ;  and  that  they  apply,  in  an  or- 
derly way,  each  man  for  himself,  to  be  admitted."  The  Parliament 
likewise  addressed  his  Majesty  to  call  an  Assembly,  which  he  did, 
and  they  met  in  March  1604,  and  drew  up  a  Formula,  agreeable  to 
the  Act  of  Parliament,  offering  to  receive  all  who  would  subsribe  it. 

Few  complied  with  the  Act  of  Parliament.  Many  qualified  to  the 
Civil  Government,  and  kept  their  churches  without  molestation ;  but 
the  zealous  Jacobites  would  not  conform  to  Church  or  State.  Some 
of  them  continued  in  their  churches  by  the  favour  of  Jacobite  Pa- 
trons or  heritors.  Some  intruded  into  vacant  churches;  and  some 
set  up  private  meetings.  The  union  of  the  two  kingdoms,  anno 
1707,  secured  the  legal  establishment  of  the  Church ;  yet  an  almost 
unlimited  toleration  was  granted,  anno  1713.  to  the  Episcopal  clergy. 
But,  as  it  required  them  to  abjure  the  Popish  Pretender,  very  few 
took  the  benefit  of  it.  They  kept  up  their  unqualified  meetingps,  and 
looked  for  some  revolution  that  would  dissolve  the  Union.  This  was 
nearly  effected  in  the  end  of  Queen  Anne's  reign ;  and  being  disap- 
pointed by  her  death,  they  heartily  joined  in  tiie  Rebellion,  anno 
1715,  and  thereafter  in  the  year  1745. 

These  being  crushed,  they  seemed  to  despond,  and  published 
and  dispersed  the  following  elegant,  but  virulent  Tbrenodia.  in 
the  style  of  a  monumental  inscription,  which  exhibits  a  lively 
picture  of  High  Church. 

The  notes  at  the  foot  of  the  page  will  serve  as  a  key  to  it. 


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HOT.   IT.  THE   FB0TI8TANT  OBUBOH.  351 

(1)   ^,    f^,    e,    1^,    e,    ^, 

Siste  Viator.  leg«  et  liig«, 

Miraculam  neqoitise. 

Sub  hoc  marmore  conduntar  Reliqoiis 

(3)  Matris  admodum  venerabilis, 
(Secreto  Jaceat,  ne  admodum  prostituatur  I) 

Qoee  mortaa  fait  dam  viva, 

Et  viva  dam  mortaa. 

O  &cinas  impiam  et  incredible! 

(8)  Defensore  neqiascime  orbata> 

(4)  Tyraonis  miserrime  oppressa, 
(5)'  Proceribas  vicioi  regni  Inaulatis 

(refereae  tremiBco)  nefarie  obruta ; 

(6)  Aulicis  impie  afflicta, 

(7)  flliis  nonnullis  perGde  deserta, 

(S)  Spariis  omnibus  pessime  calcata,  trucidata,  ludibrio  habita ; 

Saerificiam  sufTragiis — to-on  pollo-on, 

(Ne  dicam — ^to-on  paDto-on) 

Votivum,  et  Phanaticorura  ftirore  1 

Rogaa, 

Quanam  in  terra  hoc  ? 

In  Insula^ 

Ubi  Moaarcha  contra  Monarchiaoi, 


(1)  Memorbe  MAtrU  Cbarittliiue  Scotkann  EccIobB  SMntm. 
(8)  Hlgii  Church.  (3)  The  Pi^iA  King  Jamei  VIL 

(4)  King!  Willkm,  George  I.  and  OeMge  II. 

(5)  The  Biihopi  of  England,  (6)  The  Mbliliy. 

(7)  TbeO^oaBnoraieUMfeh  (S)  The  Cburch  «£  i 

4  U 


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a9»  THS  KCCEIMEMTIGAL  HKTOBT.  PART  TI. 

.   Ecclesiastici  contra  Eccleaiam, 

Leg^iahttores  eontra  Leg^em* 

Judices  contra  Jnetitlam, 

Concionatores,  Atheistice,  contra  veritatem, 

Militea  audaciter,  impudenter,  (0)  Wilhelmo  Neroniano  Duce. 

Contra  honorem,  contra  humaiutateni 

A^unt 

Pudet  hfec  opprobria  nobis  I 

Nam  propter  execrationem,  perjurinm,  Ing^t  bac  Terra! 

In  cuju^  testimonium  multi  eqaidem  sunt  Testes  vivi  et  recentiores. 

Apage !  A  page  I 

^grotavit,  proh  dolor !  Mater  charissima,  beatte  memorife, 

(10)  AnnoMDCLXXXVlIi; 

Turn  manibus,  tum  pedibus.  -vm  mihi,  clanda  fiebat 

(U)  AnnoMDCCVII. 

Tandem  per  multis  flagellis^  serumnia,  miserere  mei  Deus !  exhaasta, 

fl2]  Obiit  anno  MDCCXLVIII. 

Vos  omnes  Seniores,  Filii  Filiteque 

[13]  Orate  pro  ea,  ut  quiescat  in  pace,  et  tandem  beatam  obtineat 

Resurrectionem. — Amen. 

Cum  temerata  fides,  pietasque  inculta  jaceret, 

Desereretque  suum  Patria  nostra  ^4]  Patrera; 

Ilia  Deum.  patriamque  suam,  patrieeque  [15]  Parentem, 

Sincera  coluit  reli^one,  fide ; 

Tramite  nam  recto  gradiens,  [16]  Nova  dogmata  spemena, 

Servavit  [17]  Fmes  quos  posuere  Patres. 


(9)  Tbe  DuKK  or  CDMBXaLlHD. 

(10)  AttfaeReTOlution.  (II)  By  (be  Act  of  Secnrity. 
[IX]  ttj  llie  Act  ofiBiiut  UaqtuliBed  Mertiu)^ 

[13]  Id  iMtimoDf  of  ibe  iloctrme  of  Frayinn  lor  Ac  D«ad. 

lU]  KiDg  James  VII.  [15]  Tfae  TopMi  Praleader. 

[16]  ReformMioB  DoelrincL  [17]  TIm  UutriptunI  PopUi  Uc^o. 


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IV.  THB   PBOTEITANT  CjBURCH.  |9S 

Sacred  to  the  Memory  of  our  deuert  Mother,  the  Cbdich  or  ScoTLUn. 

Stop  T^Teller,  Read  «nd  haauat, 

A  Minule  of  Inlqni^. 

Under  thii  Muble  lie  the  nnuifas 

Of »  Tery  Teoerable  Mother. 

(Let  her  lie  conceiled,  that  ihe  mKy  not  be  too  aach  ezpoeed  i ) 

WIlo  wu  dead  while  tUT^ 

And  alire  while  dead. 

O  impioDi  and  incredible  wit^edneM  I 

IniqQoasIj  deprired  of  her  defender, 

Hiaerably  oppretaed  by  Tyrants, 

^y  the  mitred  Clergy  of  the  nei^bbooring  k[ngd«a| 

(I  tiemble  at  relating  it)  wickedly  aboaed ; 

Impionsly  afflicted  by  Conrtim, 

By  certain  Soom  treacberondy  deserted, 

Twmpled  on  by  all  sparioiu,  maltreated,  bdd  in  dcririon; 

A  Totlre  sacrifice  by  the  foffrages  afnuaj, 

[I  need  not  say  of  Ajj.), 

Asd  "  Urawise  "  by  the  fbry  <tf  die  Fanatki. 

Doyouask, 

b  what  land  is  thfir 

In  an  Island, 

Where  the  Monarch  acts  against  the  Monardq't 

The  Cbarcbman  against  &e  Chnn;h. 

The  Legidators  agaisst  the  Law, 

The  Judges  agdnst  Jostice, 

Tbe  Preachers  atheistically  agataiat  the  Trath, 

Th«  SoI^Umt  boldly,  inpodendy,  William  (cniel  as  Nero]  their  O^icnl. 

Agaiiut  Honour,  against  Homanity. 

lliis,  an  opprobripiu,  and  shamefol  eondact  in  us. 

Forlhis  Land  mooms  for  wiclLodness,  peijnry! 

As  a  proof  of  this  we  have  many  living  and  late  witnesses. 

Away!  Away!  with  it 

Alas !  oar  dearest  Mother,  of  happy  memory,  became  tick. 

Id  the  year  1688. 

Woes  nae.  She  became  lame  both  in  the  hands  and  fec^ 

In  the  year  1707. 

At  length,  hare  mercy  on  me,  O  God  1  worn  out  by  many  strokes,  gri^ 

She  died  in  the  year  1748. 

All  ye  Senion,  Sona  and  Dangfaters, 

Pray  for  her  that  the  may  rest  in  peace,  and  at  length  ofatabi 

A  happy  resnirectioB. — ^Ajui^  ke. 


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354  THB   ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTOAY.  PART  VI. 

The  Bishops  of  Moray  since  the  Reformation — T%e  Cathedral, 
Palace,  Chapter,  and  Reoenues. 

Patrick  Hepburn,  the  last  Popish  Bishop  of  Moray,  died  Jane 
20,  1573,  and 

1.  George  Doug-las  was'the  first  Protestant  Bishop.  He  was 
bastard  son  of  Archibald,  Earl  of  Ang;us.  and  was  admitted  Bishop, 
February  5,  1573-4  For  in  that  period  there  was  no  consecration, 
except  what  was  performed  by  mere  Presbyters,  yet  he  soon  elected 
a  Chapter;  for  I  find  him  and  the  Chapter  consenting^  and  subscrib- 
ing to  a  tack  of  tiends,  July  18.  1574,  (App.  No.  XLV.)  He  died 
at  £dinburg;h,  December  28,  1589.  He  was  the  only  Tulchan 
Bishop  in  this  See.     The  next  Bishop  was 

2.  Alexander  D6ug;Iai«,  probabi}'  son  of  the  former.  This  Gentle- 
man was  ordained  minister  o£  El^in  about  the  year  1582,  and  served 
as  a  Presbyterian  minister  till  the  year  1606.  In  that  year,  he,  with 
others  g-rasped  at  the  Erastian  Prelacy,  established  by  Parliament, 
and,  in  1610,  received  a  sort  of  consecration,  (See  III.  and  IV.  pe- 
riods.) He  died.  May  11,  1623,  and  was  buried  in  the  Isle  of  St. 
Giles'  church  in  Elgin,  where'his  wife,  a  daughter  of  the  Laird  of 
Innes,  erected  a  stately  monument.     He  was  succeeded  by 

3.  John  Guthrie,  minister  of  Edinburgh,  who  was  consecrated 
anno  1623,  and  was  deposed  by  the  General  Assembly  which  met 
anno  1638.  He  did  not,  as  other  Bishops,  By  into  England,  but 
kept  possession  of  the  Castle  of  Spynie ;  and  when  the  Covenanters 
took  arms,  anno  1040,  he  garrisoned  it.  But  in  July  that  year.  Ma- 
jor General  Munro  marched  with  300  men  to  reduce  it.  Mr  Joseph 
Brodie,  minister  at  Keith  and  son-in-law  to  the  Bishop,  prevailed 
with  bim  to  surrender  on  July  16th,  and  only  the  arms  and  riding 
horses  were  carried  ofi^.  The  Bishop  retired  to  hia  paternal  inherit- 
ance of  Guthrie,  in  Angus.  From  that  time  there  was  no  Bishop, 
till  after  the  Restoration,  when 


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8SCT.    IT.  THB    PBOTSBTANT  CHUKCH^  909 

4.  Murdac  Mackenzie  was  preferred.  He  was,  for  fiome  time. 
Chaplain  to  a  regimeiilin  the  army  of  Gustavus  Adolphus,  King  of 
Sweden:  after  which  he  was  settled  minister  of  Contane  in  Ross; 
from  thence  translated  to  Inverness,  1640,  and  from  (hence  to  Eljfin, 
1645.  Upon  the  Restoration,  he  was  consecrated  Bishop,  May  7(h 
1663.  He  had  been  accounted  a  supersiitiously  zealous  Presbyteri- 
an and  Covenanter,  and  so  much  an  enemy  to  the  keeping;  of  holi- 
days, that  it  is  commonly  said  at  Elgin,  that  at  Christmas.  J659,  he 
searched  the  houses  in  that  town,  that  they  mig^ht  not  have  a  Christ- 
mas goose.  But  a  Bishopric  cured  him  of  these  blemishes,  and  he 
soon  deposed  some  of  his  clergy  for  nonconformity.  In  the  end  of 
the  year  1676,  he  was  translated  to  the  See  of  Orkney,  and  died  in 
February  1688. 

&.  James  Aitkins,  Rector  of  Wimprey,  in  the  County  of  Bristol, 
was,  upon  the  King's  recommendation,  elected,  January  10, 1677, 
and  soon  after  consecrat^d.  He  was  accounted  a  pious  man,  and 
maintained  strict  order  and  discipline  among  his  clergy,  without  any 
severity  against  Dissenters;  but  warmly  maintained  the  rights  of 
his  See.  particularly  a  fishing  on  the  river  Spey.  The  Marquis  of 
Huntly,-  and  the  Earls  of  Moray  and  Dunfermline,  proprietors  of  a 
fishing^  on  that  river,  prevailed  to  have  him  translated  to  Galloway, 
anno  1680,  and  he  died  1687.     He  was  succeeded  by 

6.  Colin  Falconer,  son  of  William  of  Dunduff.  who  was  son  of 
Alexander  Falconer  of  Hawkerton,  was  ordained  Minister  of  Essil, 
anno  1651,  transported  to  Forres  in  1658,  and,  in  1679,  elected  to 
the  See  of  Argyle ;  but  not  having  the  Erse  language,  he  was  not 
fond  of  that  charge,  and,  in  1680,  was  consecrated  Bishop  of  Moray. 
He  died,  November  11, 1686,  and  was  buried  in  the  Isle  of  St  Gilec^ 
church  in  Elgin. 

7.  Alexander  Rose  (of  the  family  of  Inch  in  Garrioch.  a  branch 
of  thefamilyof  Kilravock.  and  whose  father  was  Prior  of  Moniemusk) 
wasBuccessively  Minister  at  Perth,  Professor  of  IMviuity  at  Glasgow* 

4X 


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459  THS   ECCLBBIASTICAL  HISTORY.  PART  TI, 

and  Principal  of  St  Mary's  Colleg^e  in  St  Andrews ;  and  was  conse- 
crated Bishop  of  Moray  in  March,  1687,  and  before  the  end  of  that 
year  was  translated  to  Edinburgrh,  where  he  died.  March  30,  1730. 

8.  William  Hay,  D.  D..  (of  the  family  of  Park  in  Moray)  was 
Minister  at  Perth,  and  was  consecrated  Bishop  of  Moray,  Mardi 
11,  1688,  at  St  Andrews.  After  his  deprivation  in  1689,  he  retired 
to  the  house  of  his  son-in-law.  John  Outhbert  of  Castlehill.  near 
Inverness,  where  he  died.  March  17, 1707. 

-  These  were  the  Reformed  Bishops  in  the  See  of  Moray ;  and  in 
their  time  the  diocese,  in  its  extent,  was  much  the  same- as  under 
popery.  I  have  above  taken  notice  of  the  division-of  it  into  Presby- 
teries. 

The  Cathedral  or  College  Church  had  gone  to  ruin,  as  above  ob- 
served ;  and  these  Bishops  used  St  Giles'  church  in  the  town  of  El^n, 
as  their  Cathedral,  the  Bishop  hiing  the  Parson  or  Rector  of  the 
parish  of  Elg:in,  and  the  other  Minister  his  Vicar. 

The  Palace  of  Spynie  was  kept  in  repair,  and  there  the  Bishops 
resided.  But  at  the  Revolution,  thoug^h  the  Palace  and  precinct 
were  annexed  (o  the  Crawn,  and  not  sold,  but  pays,  annually,  £13 
Sterling  of  rent ;  yet  the  house  not  being  inhabited,  the  Lesees  or 
Tacksmen  of  the  precinct  either  carried  off.  or  suffered  others  to  carry 
off,  the  iron  gate,  the  iron  chain  of  the  port-cull  is,  the  oaken  joists 
or  roof,  the  doors,  floonng.  i&c.  In  a  word,  all  the  iron  work  and 
timber  was  carried  away,  and  only  the  stone  walls  remain. 

The  Dignified  Clergy,  and  their  Seats,  were  the  same  as  under 
Popery.  In  an  agreement,  in  June,  1666,  betwixt  the  Bishop  and 
Chapter,  and  Sir  Ludovick  Gordon  of  Gordonstown,  compared  with 
tacks  of  teinds,  with  consent  of  the  Bishop  and  Chapter,  I  find  the 
following  members  of  the  Chapter,  viz. — The  Minister  of  Aldem. 
Dean. — of  Forres.  Arch-deacon, — of  Alves.  Chanter. — of  Inveravon, 
Chancellor, — of  Kenedar.  Treasurer, — Dallas.  Subrdean. — Rafford, 
Sub-cfaantor,^Moy,  Peltie,  Duffas*  Dunlichty,  Spynie.  Kinore, 
Botarie,  Kiogosie,  Birnie,  Vicar  of  Elgin,  and  Prebendary  of  Un- 


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8ECT.   IV.  THE   PROTESTANT  CHURCH.  8OT 

thank.  But  I  know  not  ir  these  Ministers  were  always  of  (he  Chap- 
ter, or  at  any  time  made  up  the  whole  of  it. 

The  Consiistorial  Jurisdiction,  by  Commt^iaries  in  El^in  and  Tn- 
vernesa,  brought  a  considerable,  revenue,  to  the  Bishop.  *'  After  the 
Reformation,  says  the  author  of  Essays  on  British  Antiquity,  the 
Bishops  took  a  ^eat  care  to  preserve  their  nurht.  They  had  spies 
in  every  corner ;  and  no  sooner  was  a  man  laid  in  his  g:raTe,  than 
they  thundered  out  all  their  artillery  of  the  law,  to  force  his  relations 
to  apply  for  letters  of  Administration." 

I  find  in  the  Synod  Reg-ister  of  Moray,  that  how  soon  Prelacy  was 
re-established  at  the  Restoration,  the  Bishop,  anno  1663,  caused  in- 
timate :^om  all  the  pulpits  in  the  diocese,  that  no  widower,  man  or 
woman,  'shall  be  married,  until  they  report  a  certificate  of  the  con- 
firmation of  the  former  husband  or  wife's  Testament.  As  long;  as 
Prelacy  was  established,  this  grievance  was  not  redressed.  But  im- 
mediately after  the  Revolution,  it  was  enacted,  that  no  person  shall 
be  bound  to  give  up  inventory  of  a  defunct's  goods ;  and  that  there 
shall  be  no  confirmation,  unless  at  the  instance  of  the  relict,  children, 
nearest  of  kin,  or  creditors. 

The  Bishop's  power  and  perquisites,  as  Lord  of  tfae  extensive  Re- 
gality of  Spynie,  were  not  to  be  dispensed  with ;  and  therefore  that 
Jurisdiction  was  kept  up. 

With  respect  to  the  revenues.  The  Papal  Hierarchy  having  been 
abolished  at  the  Reformation,  what  of  the  church-lands  had  not  been 
sold  and  disponed  by  the  Popish  Bishops,  was,  by  Queen  Mary  and 
b6r  son,  lavished  away  among  their  courtiers  and  fiivourites.  When 
King  James  re-erected  a  Hierarchy,  anno  1610.  he  had  but  poor 
livings  for  his  Bishops ;  and  although  both  he  and  his  son  pressed 
the  surrender  of  church-lands  so  warmly  and  imprudently,  that  the 
discontent  of  the  Nobility  and  Gentry  who  possessed  these  lands, 
issued  in  a  civil  war,  fatal  to  Monarchy  and  Prelacy;  yet  little  of 
Ihe  lands  that  had  belonged  to  the  church  was  recovered.  However, 
competent  revenues  were  obtained  for  the  Bishops,  by  gentlemen 


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SSB  THX    BCCbBSlASTICAL    HISTOBY.  PARI   VI. 

pa^rinj^  an  annual  feu-duty  foi*  the  church-lauds  ibey  held  of  the 
Crown  ;  and  this  was  called  the  Bishop's  rents  or  feu-dutiea.  1  have 
iiol  seen  a  foil  and  exact  account  of  the  cburch-lands  belonging'  to 
the  diocese  of  Moray;  but  the  foMowtng;^  rental  of  tike  feu-dutiea, 
taken  from  the  Collector's  books,  points  out  the  grentlemen  who  now 
poBseas  these  land^i,  and  shows  that  the  revenue  was  a*reat  when  the 
Kshops  had  the  full  real  rent  of  those  lands. 


RENTAL  OF  TUB  FEU-DUTIES  OF  THE  BISHOPRIC  OF  MORAY. 


Seoti  Money,  L.  s.  o. 

Pud  b;  the  Laird  ofGrant, 114  0  0 

By  Easter  Elchies, 11  6  0 

Gnat  of  Carron, 9  3  4 

Grant  of  Bellindalach, fil  6  8 

Grant  of  DalTcy, 36  0  0 

Oram  of  Acbomaaie, 7  0  0 

ByKamylieB, 40  0  0 

Hugh  Baini«, 90  0  0 

FraserofKinnerriea 18  0  0 

CmlibertofDrakies,, 1  0  0 

Frasef  of  Fohir 8  14  8 

Alexander CMshohn, I  Q  0 

Laird  of  Macintosh, 20  15  0 

Laird  of  Calder, 27  0  0 

RoseofHoIm, 9  ll  0 

L^rd  of  Kilmvock, 09  0  0 

LairdofLetbin 26  8  8 

Dallas  of  Cantray, 10  2  0 

Rose  of  Clttva, 10  14  0 

Loggie  Ardrie, 14  0  0 

Laird  of  Allyre, 24  0  0 

Alterlies, I  6  8 

Kempcaim 11  8  0 

Acholnachie, 23  6  8 

Birkenbnm, &  6  8 

Scbodmaster  of  Keith, S  6  8 

PiUorg, 23  6  8 

Ogilvie  of  MUltown, 4  2  0 

Bfcrrie. 81  7  2 

Moy, I  4  0 

Dnimriach, S  0  0 

Pborp, 10  fi  0 

Inverlochtie, fi2  2  6 

Middletown, 18  0  0 

Rolhes  Kirktonc, 4  14  0 

Staidt-HoDse  in  Bimie, 26  9  0 

JuutStewaft'a  lands  iaBimie,.  10  19  0 

Cwyomr.   £7a9  4  s 


Sooli.Moiuy,  i.    s.  D. 

Brought  over,    £799    4  8 

HOIbead  there, 6  17  4 

Dikeside  in  Bimie, 13  17  8 

Laird  <^  Brodie  fsi  Kenedar,  with 

a  Sow,  01  £8, 129  12  0 

Spynie, 96    6  8 

Dipple, 24  U  4 

Gordonstown  for  his  landd 228  11  0 

Morayatowiw  . . . .' 2  16  8 

Bishopmill, 66  13  4 

Sheriffinill, S    0  0 

Inchbroke, 16  16  10 

Findrossie, 36    7  0 

F-ssil, 10  12  0 

Kirkbill  of  St  Andrews, 4    9  8 

TeindFi*hingof8pey, 200    0  0 

KUlM, 71     0  0 

Catbdl  in  Ross, 16    0  0 

Kirktown  of  Dallas, S  12  2 

Myrcside, 20    0  0 

Lovaf  s  Tack  Dnly 40    0  0 

Tiwick's  Tack  Duty 110  0 

The  Precinct  of  Spynie, ISO    0  0 

Teind  BoUb  at  £5, 

Fitgavenie,  32  BoIIa— inde, . . , .  160    0  0 

BarcfiathiJt8,  IS  Bolls,  3  Firlots,  62  10  0 

Inch,  3  Bolls, Ifi    0  0 

Linkwood,  30  fiolU, 100    0  0 

Maison  Dieu,  8  BoUr, 40    0  0 

Peata  at  4ii.  per  Load, 

Kenedar.  80  Loads 16    0  0 

Aikenhead,  20  Loads,. 4    0  0 

Whiiefield,  20  Loads 4    0  0 

Milltown,  20  Loads, 4    0  0 

Inverlochtie,  dO  Loads, 10    0  0 

The  12  Ploughs  of  Bimie,  at  10 

Loadi)  per  Plongb — inde  120 

Loadsj 24    0  0 

Tatai,    £2,307    9  4 


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THE   rnOTfiSTANT  CHURCH. 


390 


The  Propnetora  mho  at  pretent  pay  the  Feu-dutiea  of  the  Bishopric 
of  Moray. 


Laifd  of  Qrant, 

Easier  Elchies, 

Canon, 

BaUindalach, 

Dahrey, 

Acboioanle, 

Kilmylla, 

HughBaillie, 

KinnerTie^ 

DniUei. 

Fohlr,. 

AlexandeT  ChiBhobn, 
I^ird  of  Macintoeb^ . 

LftirdofCalder, 

Holm, 

LaiidofKilnrodc,.. 
Laifd  of  Lethin, .... 

CvOXKf, 

Clara, 

Lo((gie  Ardrle, 

l^iid  of  Ahyre, 

AllerUes, 

Kempcaim 

AchoiiuM^ie, 

Birkenbam, 

Edindick 

Pitlurg, 

Milltomi 

Blerrie, .  .i 

Moy, 

Dnimriacfa, .,.,.... 

Phorp 

Inrerlochtie, 

Middletown, 


of  Wester  James 


rhe  Eari  of  Seafield.. 
rhe  Ea^of  Seafield, 
DliarieB«raiit   " 

Elchies, 

B.  Macphetson  Grant, 
rhe  Earl  of  Seafield, . 
rhe  Earl  of  Seafield, . . 
Etoii  Baillia  of  Kllmy- 


Etothes  KirktowD, 

Stonk-house,  Bimie.... 
Stewart's  landS; 

Bimie, 

Hillhead  there... 
Dykeside,  Bimiet 
Kenedar, 


mer-  Sbei 


Eran  Bailie  of  Klhny. 

lies, 

Tames  Fraser  of  Klner- 

i«^.. 
Cnthbeitof  Drailues,.. 
Hngb  FraseroTPoyers, 
rhomas  Yoiuig, 

chant.  iDTeniess, 
Capt  .^eas  Macintosh, 

Lord  Cawdor. 

John  Rose  of  Holm,. 
Col.  Rose  of  KUravock 
Lewia  Dnnbar  Brodie, . 
Sir  David  DaTtdson,.. . 
Sir  Darid  Davidson,... , 
Lewis  Duobar  Brodie,... 
Sir  William  Ciunming  p^ 

Gordon, 

Dnncui  Forbes  of  Cul- 

lodea, 

,  Fhe  Earl  of  Seafield,... 
,  rhe  Earl  of  Seafield,. 
John  Stewart  of  Biiken- 

bum 

.  The  Earl  of  Seafield,... 
Peter  Stewart  of 

luncart, , 

.  Hie  Earl  of  Seafield, 
.rhe  Earl  of  Fife,.... 

,  Col.  Grani, 

Capt  Norman  M'Leod, 

Dalvey, . . 

Sir  WilliAin 

Gordon, . . 

.  The  Hon.  Geone  Duff, 

iThe  Earl  of  Seafield,..  ^ 


Spynie, , 

Dipple, 

'''  Glordonstown, . 

MmayBtown, . . 

.  Bishopnill, . . . 

iriffinill, .... 


rhe  Earl  of  Seafield,... 
The  Earl  of  Seafield,... 
''The  Earl  of  Seafield,... 


[nchbrook,.. 
Findmssie. . , 

EssU, 

Kirkbill  of  St  Am 
Fishings  of  Spey, 

Killa, 

'vXhoO.  in  Robs,  . 


The  Earl  of  Seafield,... 
llie  Earl  of  Seafield,... 
John  Brander  of  Fitga- 

venie, 

The  Earl  of  Fife, 

His  Grace  the  Duke  of 

Gordon, 

Sir  William  Cmmoinff 

Gordon, 

TheEBriofFlfe,...^. 
The  Earl  of  Seafield,... 

The  Earl  of  Fife, 

,  The  Earl  of  Fife, 

Colonel  Grant  of  Find- 


Kirktown  of  Dallas,. 

Myreside, 

Lovot's  Tadc  duly, . 
Tiwick's  Tack  duty. 


Auch-  Spynie, 


Pilgnvenie,.. . 
Bareflathills,.. 


Inch, 

Llnkwood,.. 


HtB  Grace  the  Duke  of 

Gordon, 

idrewsJThe  Eari  of  Fife, 

His  Grace  the  Duke  of 

Gordon, 

The  Eari  of  Fife, 

JEosM  M'Leod  of  Cat. 

boll, 

Sir  William  Cumming 

Gordon, 

The  Eari  of  Seafield,... 
The  Hon.  A.  Fraser  of 

Lovat, 

The  Hon.  A.  Fraaer  of 

Lovat, 

The  Earl  of  Fife, 

John  Brander, 

Mr  Stuart,  Newmill, . . , 

The  Earl  of  fife, 

The  Earl  of  Seafield,... 
The  Episcopal  Chapel, . 

The  Earl  of  Fife. 

The  Earl  of  Seafield,  .  . 

The  Ministers  of  ElgiQ 

allocated  to  tbenii  ■  •  • 


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360  TIIK    ErCLESlASTICALHISTOHY.  PART    VI. 

This  is  tlie  Revenue  as  it  now  stands  in  the  Collector's  books ; 
but  it  is  not  one-half  of  the  revenues,  as  they  stood  at  the  Revolu- 
tion. Several  parts  of  these  rents  have  been  gifted  to  Gentlemen. 
The  profits  of  the  Reg;ality,  and  especially  of  the  Commissariot,  were 
very  considerable.  The  Bishop  was  Parson  of  the  Parish  of  £lg;in, 
and  drew  all  the  great  teiuds.  The  churched  of  St  Andrews,  Ug*- 
ston,  aud  Laggan,  were  Mensal,  and  the  Bishop  had  the  whole  tein^. 
In  a  word,  the  Revenues  of  the  See  of  Moray,  at  the  Revolution,  by 
a  moderate  estimation,  amounted  to  £R,000  Scots,  or  £500  Sterling. 

The  rental  given  up  by  Bishop  Hay,  in  1680,  agrees  with  the 
above,  except  in  a  few  articles  of  small  account.  And  Bishop  Hay 
adds : — 

There  is  payable,  out  of  the  Bishopric  to  the  Minister  of  St  An- 
drews, yearly,  the  sum  of  (Scots  money)  £58,  6s.  8d. 

Let  me  here  give  the  Articles  of  Discharge  and  Credit  now  al^owed 
to  the  Collector  out  of  the  Bishop'^  rents,  viz  : — 

To  the  third  Minister  of  Inverness,  by  a  Royal 

Grant, „ £881     1     6 

To  the  Minister  of  Birnie,  by  Decreet, 32  12    3 

To  the  Ministers  of  Elgin,  by  Decreet,  8  Bolls 

Barley,  at  £5,  is 40    0    0 

Deducted,  for  Pitgavenie,  20  Bolls— inde, 100    0    0 

For  the  Precinct,  12  Bolls 60    0    0 

To  Surcharge  on  Lovat's  Lands, 20    0    0 

Total,  in  Scots  Money £1,133  13    8 


Thus  the  whole  Rental  being £2.307    9    4 

And  the  Discharge  or  Credit  amounting  to 1,133  13    8 

The  Balance  paid  by  the  Collector  is £1,173  15    8 


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SECT.    IV.  THE    PROTESTANT   CHURCH.  dftl 

The.MiniH&'s  of  PariaheB  »ine€  the  Reformation. 

In  this  account,  I  shall  follow  the  present  division  of  the  Province 
into  Presbyteries,  and  shall  take  notice  of  the  Patron-Saint,  the  Ci- 
vil Patron,  the  Stipend,  the  Schools,  the  Mortifications,  the  Chapels, 
the  number  of  examinable  persons  above  seven  years  of  age,  and 
the  Protestant  Ministers,  since  the  Reformation. 

My  vouchers  for  these  things  are,  our  ecclesiastic  histories,  the 
registers  of  Inverness,  Forres,  Elgin,  and  Strathboggie ;  registers 
of  kirk-sessions,  original  writs,  particularly  those  in  the  Appendix, 
No.  XLVII. 

Id  speaking  of  the  Patrons  of  churches,  I  cannot  hut  observe,  that 
by  the  Act  of  1712,  restoring  patronages,  "  the  patronages  of  church- 
es, which  belonged  to  Arch-bishops,  Bishops,  or  other  dignified  per- 
sons in  the  year  1689,  shall  belong  to  the  Crown."  And  since  no 
prescription  can  run  against  the  Crown,  I  leave  it  to  those  concern- 
ed to  consider  how  far  the  Crown  has  a  right  to  severals  in  this  Pro- 
vince. 

PRESBYTERY  OF  STRATHBOGGIE. 

There  are  within  the  Province  of  Moray,  but  two  parishes  of  this 
Presbytery, — viz.  Mortlich  and  Bellie.  Before  the  year  1706,  Mort- 
lich  was  in  the  diocese  of  Aberdeen. 

Mortlich,  dedicated  to  St  Bean,  the  first  Bishop  of  it.  The  King 
presented  the  present  Incumbent;  but  the  Earl  of  Fife  claims  the 
patronage.  The  stipend  is  not  modified,  for  the  ipm  corpora  of  the 
small  tiends  are  paid.  But  the  stipend,  including  element-money, 
amounts  to  about  £1000  Scots.  The  salary  of  the  SchcJol  is  legal. 
William  Duff  of  Dipple,  mortified  500  Merks  to  the  School,  and 
JBIOOO  Scots  to  the  poor ;  and  there  are  £675  Scots  more  mortified 


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363  THE   ECCLESIASTICAL   HtSTORV.  PABT  TI. 

for  the  use  of  the  poor.  The  (atechisable  persons  are  1800,*  of  which 
about  60  are  Roman  Catholics.     The  Protestant  ministers  are. 

Mr  John  Maxwell,  anno  1615. 

—  William  Forbea,        1640. 

—  Alexander  Seaton,     1600. 

—  Arthur  Strachoo,       168& 

—  Hugh  Innea,  ordained  about  1700,  died  in  March,  1733. 

—  Walter  Sime,  from  Glass,  admined  April  23,  1734,  died  January  6,  1763: 

—  John  Touch,  from  Aberioure,  adnutted  October  SO,  1763. 

—  Oeoi^  Gordon,  Au«:ust  23, 1781. 

—  George  Grant    Transported  from  Old  Machor,  Aberdeen,  May  14, 1794. 

—  Morris  Forsyth,  September  It,  180*. 

Bellie,  dedicated  to  St  Peter.  The  patronag^e  did  belong  to  the 
Prior  of  Urquhart ;  and  with  the  Lordship  of  Urquhart  came  to  the 
Earl  of  Dunfermline.  It  now  belongs  to  the  Duke  of  Gordon,  by 
the  purchase  of  Urquhart.  The  stipend,  by  de(»%et,  is  1300  merks, 
and  100  merks  for  communion  elements.  The  school  is  teg;al.  Morti- 
fications for  the  poor  are  £650  Scots.  Catechisable  persons,  1600. 
On  the  grave-stone  of  Mr  William  Sanders  isinscribed,  that  he  lived 
108  years,  and  was  minister  of  Bellie  77  years.     The  ministers  are. 

Mi  William  Sandeia,  Minister  before  1600,  deraitted  in  1663. 

—  James  Horn,  aasiatant,  ordained  February,  1606,  transported  to  Elgin,  1609. 

—  Willi&m  Aitand,  assistant,  ordained  May  1663,  lived  after  the  BevcdHtioo. 


*  Tbepc^Utionof  tbepariAIi  l767torwhomS7arcII(nnaiiCathol}o«.  The  Stipeod  was  augment- 
ed, ia  1BS3,  (» 120  Bolls  Oat<meal,  130  Balls  Vbeat,  and  £8, 6s.  8d.  for  Elsmsat  Money.  The  SaUrr 
of  the  Bdrao)  is  £49, 12s.  2d.,  and  the  number  of  Scholars  .02. 

In  the  year  1817,  Lord  Fife  pn^NMcd  building  a  village  in  this  ^parish.  In  the  (itmnier  of  that 
year  the  flrst  hoiue  was  built,  and  the  Tillage,  named  Dufltows,  now  contains  a  population  of  about  six 
huadrcd  louls.  Tbe  chief  motive  for  takbg  a  feu  and  huildiog,  li  taobtsman  acreaDda-balfofarsbla 
land,  and  the  same  quantity  or  moor  land,  to  be  brought  under  the  plough. 

A  variety  of  work-peopte  and  (hoj^teepers  hare  settled  in  it;  bat  there  are,  pn^rly  speaking,  no 
mannhctures.  One  great  draw-back  on  all  their  eneigiea,  U  the  distance  from  fuel,  and  ill  consequent 
high  price. 

There  are  turnpike  roads  from  Morlticli  through  the  parish  of  Boharm  to  Fochabers  and  Keidi ;  and 
one  now  tnakbg  by  Botriphnie  to  the  Utter  place  through  delightfal  scenery.  The  roads  on  this  side 
the  Spey,  leading  to  Ibeelegant  Iron  Bridge  at  Crwgellacfaie,  are  good ;  but,  unfortunately,  there  seequi 
Ko  immediate  prapect  of  extending  them  to  Elgin. 


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SHOT.   IV.  THE   PSOTBSTANT  CHURCH.  363 

—  Chaiks  PrimroM,  odalned  Febnivy  S0, 1709,  tnaqmrted  to  Form,  170& 

—  TlKntu  Maccalloch.  from  Bimle,  xlmitted  Hay  4, 1709,  di«d  Norember  26,  17dO. 

—  PMrlci  Gordon,  fronr  Rynie,  tdmltted  Octobsr  3,  !70!,  died,^  London,  Febnurjr 

I7«8. 

—  JaiBM  Goidoo,  admitted  Bi«idi  14, 1770. 

—  John  Andenon,  ordained  September  180Q.  Rea^ned  Septembw  1, 1819. 

—  William  R«niito,  ordained  September  S,  18)9.  » 

PRGSBYT£RY  OF  ABERLOURE. 

Dandnrcos  was  a  Ticarag«,  depending,  it  is  said,  upon  the  Parson 
of  Rathvan  in  the  £nzie.  Hay  of  Rannea  claioia  the  patronage ; 
bnt  the  Crown  is  in  possession  by  presenting  Messrs  Thomas  Gordon 
and  John  Grant  In  the  north  end  of  the  parish,  stood  the  Chapel 
of  Grace,  and  near  to  it  the  Well  of  that  name,  to  which  multitudes 
even  Irom  the  Western  Isles,  do  still  resort,  and  nothing  short  of 
violence  ean  restnun  their  superstition.  I  have  spoken  of  St  Nichol- 
as' Hospital,  page  304.  The  stipend  is  04  bolls  of  oat-meal,  and 
400  merks,  with  40  merks  for  commnuion  elements.  The  school  is 
not  legal.  Hie  mortifications  for  tiie  poor  are  £3^,  and  three  gar- 
dens, and  three  ridges  of  land,  mortified  by  several  persons.  The 
catechisable  persons  are  about  1000.    The  Protestant  ministers  are, 

Mr  William  PeteiUn,  Exb(»ter  in  Dondurcoi  and  Dipple,  1969. 

—  John  Maririul,  Minister  before  1624,  died  16dl. 

—  John  Ray,  from  Ki^Mlchael,  admitted  1601,  died  1679. 

—  ThonuB  Ray,  ordiOned  1666  aadstant,  died  after  die  RerohitioD. 

—  Darld  Dalrpnple,  ordained  May  8,  1608,  died  Febraaty.23,  1747. 

—  lliomas  Gordon,  ordained  September  16, 1747.    Transpwted  to  Speymontli,  1768. 

—  John  Grant,  <ndalned  September  28, 1708.  f 

Rothes  was  a  Parsonage — the  Earl  of  Rothes  Patron ;  but  now 
the  Earl  of  Findlater.     The  stipend  is  40  bolls  of  oat-meal,  aiid  370 


*  The  Stipend  wa«BiigiiMatadia  1811  to  105  bollilflriot  2  peclu,  Hippie,  of  barley,  lad  <2S  %.  lOd. 
VieiUif.    The  popakOM  it  1802. 
t  DnadnreM  ii  aotr  Jotned  partly  ttt  Rotbcf  and  partly  to  Bobarai, 

4  z 


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364  THE  BCCLESIABTICAI.  HI8TORV.  PART   VJ. 

merks,  withoat  allowance  for  commnnion  elements,  *  and  without 
a  decreet  pf  modification.  The  salary  of  the  school  is  not  \eg&\.  The 
catechisable  persons  are  500.  No  mortifications.  The  inscription 
on  the  grave-stone  of  Mr  James  Lesly  ronneth  thus, — ^  Here  lies 
ane  Nobleman,  Mr  James  Lesly,  Parson  of  Botbes,  Brother-German 
of  George  Umquhite,  Earl  of  the  same,  who  departed  in  the  Lord. 
13th  October  3576."  To  himsacceeded  Mr  Alexander  Lesly.  whose 
sacceasor  was  Mr  Leonard  Lesly.  In  a  dischargee  granted  by  the 
Earl  of  Rothes  to  one  Marg^aret  Anderson,  dated  at  the  castle  of  Bo- 
thes,  anno  1620,  Mr  Leonard  Lesly,  Parson,  is  a  witness.  The  Mi- 
nisters are, 

Mr  James  Lesley,  Exhorter  and  Panon,  1570,  died  October  13,  1676. 

—  Aleacander  Lealejr,  died  aboat  1610. 

—  Leanord  Ledey,  Pamm  in  I6fi0. 

'   -r  John  Wemys,  brother  to  Lord  Wemys,  ordained  June  I,  10X1,  died  Febmary  26^ 

164a  .    '  ' 

—  Robert  Tod,  orduned  May  6, 1642.    Transported  to  Urqabart,  1663. 

—  John  Lesley,  ordained  Norember  4,  1663,  died  aboot  1603. 

—  James  Allan,  cnrdained  September  S3,  1696,  depoaed,  for  Bono^onlaai,  Iby  29, 

1706. 

—  Oeorge  lindsay,  ordained  August  32,  1710.    Transported  to  Aberionre,  1714. 

—  Alexander  Tod,  ordained  Kovember  II,  1714,  died  April  II,  171^ 

—  llionus  Fairbaim,  ordained  in  1717.    Truupoited  to  Gartlie,  1719. 

—  John  Pan],  ordained  Norember  10,  1720,  died  March  16, 1747. 

—  James  Gray,  ordained  April  14, 1748.    TranapOTted  to  Lanark,  1705. 

—  Alexander  PateiBoo.  ordained  September  9, 1706,  died  October  38, 1759. 

—  Robert  Grant,  orfkined  in  1759,  admitted  July  17,  1760.    Transported  to  Culka 

1763. 

—  James  C^vie,  fruu  OrdequhlU,  admitted  March  34,  1763. 

—  Oeorge  Croickahanks  admitted  September  35, 1788. 

Roockando  comprehends  the  united  parishes  of  Knockando  and 
Ma  Calen,  (i.  e.  Saint  Colin)  now  called  Elchies.    The  former  was 


■  The  StlpeBd  wai  aagmentad  in  1812  to  71  bolls,  3  flrloti,  8  pecks.lMrley,  and  XS>  Us.  IM-starU^, 

The  popdiitkn  rf  this  parUt  b  IHI. 


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SECT.   IT.  THE  PROTESTANT  CHURCH.  36fi 

a  ricarage,  depending  on  the  Parson  of  Inveravon,  and  the  other  de- 
pended  on  the  Parson  of  Botarie.  In  1640,  the  Synpd  of  Mot^y  re 
qaired  the  ministers  of  Inveravon  and  Botarie.  to  provide  KnockaR: 
do>  and  Elchies,  quam  primtan,  with  ministers.  From  1646,  these 
two  parishes  remained  united  till  1683, — in  which  year,  in  Octobef. 
Mr  Alexander  Raddach  was  settled  minister  of  Elchies ;  but  after 
the  revolution  they  were  again  united.  The  Laird  of  Grant  as  Pa- 
tron of  Inveravon,  clums  the  patronage  of  Knockando.  The  stipend, 
including  element-money,  was  830  merks;  but,  by  decreet  in  1767, 
it  was  augmented  to  1013  merks,  including  element-money,  and  two 
chalders  of  meal.  *  The  school  salary  is  not  legal.  Archibald  Grant 
(^Ballintome  mortified  1000  merks,  which,  with  100  merks  raised 
from  the  interest  of  that  sum,  is  to  make  a  salary  for  teaching  poor 
c)iildren.  That  sum  is  now  become  near  1200  merks.  There  is 
mortified  for  the  poor  about  330  merks.  Catechisable  persons  are 
about  1000.     The  Protestant  Ministers  are. 

Mr  WiUum  WBteoa,  Mimster  befcme  1624.    Transponed  to  DnthU  about  I6a€. 

—  Gilbert  MuBhall,  ordained  about  1630.     Traneported  to  Cromdale,  1646. 

—  WlUiam  Ch»liner,  ordained  in  1640,  died  in  1668. 

—  James  Gordon,  ordained  in  1670.    Transported  to  Urqubart  in  1083. 

—  Thomaa  Gnn^  ordained  in  1683,  died  aboot  1700. 
— :  Alexander  Raddach,  ordained,  at  Elchiea,  in  1683. 

—  Daniel  Mackenzie,  ordained  February  12,  1706.     Transported  to  Kinguaie,  1709. 

—  James  Gordon,  ordained  in  May,  1713,  died  in  winter,  172S. 

—  H^  Ortol,  ofdalned  In  September,  1737,  died  September  18, 1763. 
'    —  John  Dunbai^  ordained  May  3,  1764. 

.  —  Francia  Grant,  admitted  August  14,  178$,  died  November  0,  1806. 
'  —  Lachlan  Macpherson,  admitted  October  3, 1606,  died  March  14, 1S3S. 

—  WilDam  AMier,  oididned  Septonber  7, 1826. 

Bohann,  a  parsonage,  whereof  the  Earl  of  fife  is  Patron.  Ard- 
intullie  (called  Artendol,  App.  No  V.)  was  the  original  parish,  and 
Bobarm,  properly  Bocbarn,  was  only  the  Chapel  of  Moray,  Laird  of 

*  The  Stipend  b  £140  MerliDg,  hicludiiig  element  moKf. 


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366'  THE   ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  PAET.   VL 

Boharni.  At  Galival  are  the  vestiges  of  a  domestic  chs^ el ;  and  pro- 
bably there  was  a  chapel  of  ease  where  the  chnrch  nowstands.  There 
is  a  Glebe  at  Ardintnllie,  and  another  at  Boharm.  The  (itipend  is 
A3  bolls  meal,  and  GOO  merks,  wiUi  20  nierks  for  communion  ele- 
ments. *  The  school  salary  is  not  legal.  The  catechiaable  persom^ 
600.     The  Protealant  ministers  are. 

Mr  WllIiuB  RotUe,  rewter  in  ArdintnUie,  lfi69. 

—  George  Fnwer,  vas  Minister  before  1624,  died  aboot  16Sa 

—  Alexander  Andenon,  ordtuned  aboat  1629.    Transported  in  1633. 

—  Thomas  Law,  ordained  in  1634.    Transported  to  Elgin  in  1645. 

—  George  Dunbar,  ordained  in  1647,  died  in  166a 

—  William  Harper,  ordained  in  1066,  died  in  1680. 

—  Adam  Harper,  ordained  in  1666,  demitted  in  1716. 

—  Geofge  Gordon,  ordained  May  13, 1717.    Transported  to  Aires  in  1728. 

—  John  GOchrist,  ordained  in  1729.    Tianspoited  to  Urqnhait  in  1734. 

—  Geo^  Grant,  ordained  is  1734.    Transported  to  RatbTtn  in  17SS. 

—  Thomas  JohnstMi,  from  Glenbacket,  admitted  May  31, 1753,  died  Febniary  6, 1783, 
Gnnt,  ordained  May  6,  1783. 

. LnUe,  admitted  May  14, 1789,  died  December  7, 1799. 

Forbes,  admitted  Aoguat  M,  180a    Tntnaporled  May  9, 1616. 

—  Lewis  Forbes,  admitted  August  30, 1816. 

Aberlonre  and  Skirdrostan  (the  last  dedicated  to  St  DiA'stan}  were 
distinct  charg;e8 ;  but  how  early  they  were  anited,  I  &ad  not  In 
1640,  Walter  Innes  of  Auchluncart,  Adam  JDuff  of  Dranmmir,  and 
James  Sutherland,  tutor  of  Doffus.  severally  presented  to  this  church; 
and  Daffns*  right  being  examined  by  the  Commisscuies  oi  Moray 
and  Inverness,  and  some  ministers,  was  found  good.  Now  the  Earl 
of  Fife  acteth  as  Patron,  probably  as  coming  in  the  place  of  Lord 
Balvanie.  I  have  already  tak^n  notice  of  the  religions  bouse  of  Ki- 
nermonie.  The  stipend  is  8S0  merks,  with  50  merks  for  commu- 
nion elements.    Hie  school  is  not  legal.    The  mortifications — 


•  The  Stipend  was  nvmenM  la  1817,  to  IIS  bolls  oat  naal,  Il>  boUs  bMby ;  and  <8  «■.  Bd.  te 
cloMBtnMMy.    TIWFapttbtimortheparblilillffO. 


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8BCT.    IV.  THE    PROTESTANT   CHURCH.  367 

By  Alexander  Grant  of  Alacbie, £100*  0  0 

William  Innes  of  ^nermonie — ^for  which  the 

Earl  of  Fife  pays,  annually,  3^  bolls  Oat-meal.  300    0  0 

John  Proctof, 66  13  4 

Patrick  Clark  in  Boharm, .      30    0  0 

Alexander  Green* 66  13  4 

And  John  Mackeran  in  Glenrinnes, 66  13  4 

Total,  in  Scots  Money, je680    0    0 

The  Catechisable  persons  are  840.  The  Protestant  Ministers 
are, 

Mr  John  Stoart,  settled  before  1634,  died  April  1,  1639. 

—  George  Speed,  ordained  in  June  1640,  died  Aogust  S2, 1668. 

—  Robert  Stephen,  ordained  in  Sniomei,  1669,  died  December,  17Q&. 

—  Robert  Stephen,  ordained  September  18,  1707.    Tmnspotted  to  Cr^  of  Miinroa, 

1714. 

—  Oeorge  Lindsey,  fioin  Rothet,  admitted  in  winter,  1714,  died  in  171S. 

—  Daniel  Mackenzie,  from  Kingusie,  admitted  December,  171S.    Transported  to  Inrer- 

aron,  1718. 

—  Robert  Doff,  ordained  in  Harch,  1719,  died  in  July,  1738. 

—  John  Touch,  ord&ined  May  31,  1739.    Transported  to  Mortlich  in  1763. 

—  James  Thomson,  admitted  Pebraary  30, 1706,  died  February^,  1801. 

—  JUexander  Wilson,  admitted  September  24, 1801.* 

N.  B.— Zite  Pmdente,  the  Duke  of  Gordon  and  Earl  of  Fife 
ag;reed  to  this  last  settlement,  Salvo  jure. 

Inveravon,  a  ParBonag;e  dedicated  to  St  Peter.  It  was  the  Seat 
of  the  Chancellor  of  the  Diocese,  and  the  Vicarages  of  Knockando 
and  CJrquhart,  beyond  Inverness,  depended  on  it.  The  Laird  of 
Grant  is  Patron.  Mr  William  Clogg^e,  being  transported  to  Inver- 
ness, retained  the  Etevenues  of  the  Chancellory,  till  the  Synod,  1634, 


■  TlieSlipead  wa*  MigmcDted  Id  I8I9  to  116  bolls  oat  meal,  IIS  bolh  barley,  and^  St.  8d.  for 
element  money.    The  pt^Hilatkm  of  die  pariib  is  10S9. 

5  A 


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368  THE   SCCLE9IASTICAL   HISTORY.  PART  VI. 

oblig«d  4iim.  to  demit  them.  There  was  a  Chapel  of  fiase  in  the 
'soath-west  comer,  called  Kil-Machlie,  and  two  ia  Glenlivat, — ^riz. 
at.  Daskie,  and  at  DanaD.  The  Stipend,*  by  a  Decreet  in  1685,  was 
830  Merks,  with  36  Merks  for  Elementrmoney ;  hat,  anno  1769,  an 
aug-mentation  was  obtained  of  £16  Scots,  and  three  CbaUers  of  Meal 
valued  at  £6  Scots  per  Boll.  Mortifications  for  the  poor  are  700 
Merks.  The  School  is  legal.  Catechisable  persons  1660,  whereof 
abont  500  are  Roman  Catholics.     The  Protestant  Ministers  are, 

Mr  William  Cloggie,  settled  beSoi^  1610.    Tr&napoited  to  Inremeas  abant  1630. 

—  Alexander  Innes,  ordained  aboat  163S.    Tniuported  to  Rofliiemay  about  1630. 

—  Jobs  Ctudmera,  ordained  about  1631.    Transported  to  Gaitlie  in  1649. 

—  Alexander  Gonlon,  ordained  in  1600.    Deposed  for  Immonli^  in  1667. 

—  Geor^  Hannaf  (vide  Alvea),  admitted  in  I6S8.    Tramported  to  Aldem,  1664. 

—  Alexander  Dimbar,  orduned  in  1666.    Transported  in  1668. 

—  James  Stnart,  ordained  September  23,  1669.    Demitted  in  1681,  oa  accoont  of  the 

Test. 

—  John  Stoar^  ordained  in  Snmmer,  168S,  died  in  1687. 

—  James  BannennaOf  ordained  April  16, 1703.    Tranq>oited  to  Fotf^ea,  1717. 

—  Daniel  Mackenzie,  fixim  Aberloore,  admitted,  1718.    Transported  to  Pettie,  1719. 

—  Alexander  Fraser,  fnai  Alvie,  admitted  September  21,  1721,  died  Febraai7  13, 

1762. 

—  Junes  Grant,  admitted  November  23, 17S2,  died  Febraaty  3, 179& 

—  William  Spence,  admitted  September  22, 1796,  died  Joly  30,  1807. 

—  William  Grant,  admitted  May  16, 1808. 

PBESBTTERY  OF  ABERNETHIE. 

Kirk-Michael,  a  Parsonage  dedicated  to  Michael  the  Arch-angel. 
The  Laird  of  Grant  is  Patron.  At  Camdale,  in  the  upper  end  of  the 
parish,  was  a  Chapel  of  Ease,  dedicated  to  St  Brigida  or  Bryde. 
The  Stipendf  is  800  Merks,  and  fiOMerks  for  Communion  Elements. 


•  The  Stipend  wasangnMnled  b  1S33,  (o  120  bolU  nt  meal,  120  bolls  barley,  and  ^  6i.  Sd.  for 
element  numey.    The  popnlatioB  of  the  parMi  is  3481. 

t  The  Stipend  was  angmented  hi  181),  to  40  boUi  oat  meal.  40  btdls  barley,  X65  iteriing,  and  £8 
es.  Sd,  for  element  money.    Ilie  pc^Ution  of  the  paiUi  k  1570. 


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SECT.    IV.  THE    PROTESTANT   CHURCH.  360 

There  is  no  legal  School.    Examinable  peraons  are  about  1000, 

whereof  300  are  Roman  Catholics.     The  Protestant  Ministers  are, 

Mr  P^eo:  Grant  wa»  Minister  at  Kii^Mich&el  and  Cromdale  aboat  1600. 

—  John  Ray  succeeded,  and  was  transported  to  Dondnrcoa  in  lOfil. 
'  —  Alexander  Gordon,  ordained  in  1651,  died  in  1684. 

—  C<^in  Nicholson,  from  AbemeOiie,  admitted,  I68S,  died  September  2S,  1709. 

—  Dqncaa  Maclean,  ordained  September,  1713.    Tran^Murted  to  Donl  in  1717. 

—  DfkTid  Mnschet,  ordained  in  1718,  died  in  1724. 

—  Geo^  Grant,  ordained  September  21, 1725,  died  April  27,  1772. 

—  Robert  Farqnbarson,  ordained  October  4, 1772.    Transported,  1779. 

—  John  Grant,  admitted  in'  1779.    Transported  to  Dathil,  September  27, 1809. 

—  fttrick  Orsnt.  adnUlted  November  21,  1809,  died  November  8.  1816. 

—  William  Grant,  admitted  July  30, 1817.    Transported  to  Duthil,  March  26, 1830. 

—  Alexander  Tnlloch,  ordained  September  14, 1820. 

Cromdale,  Inveralen,  and  Advie,  are  now  united  in  one  parish. — 
how  early  they  were  so  united,  I  find  not.  There  is  a  Glebe  at 
Cromdale,  and  another  at  Advie.  Cromdale  is  a  Parsonage  dedi- 
cated to  St  Ma-Lnac.  The  Laird  of  Grant  is  Patron.  The  stipend* 
was  800  Merks,  and  60  Merks  for  Commnnion  Elements ;  but,  dbont 
the  year  1767,  it  was  augmented  to  £75  Sterling,  or  1350  Merks 
Scots.  The  School  is  legal.  Catechisable  persons  are  at  least 
3300.    The  Protestant  Ministers  are, 

Mr  Peter  Grant,  Minister  of  Cromdale,  and  Kirfc-Micbael,  about  1600. 

—  Darid  Dlek  was  settled  before  1624,  died  1638. 

—  Gilbert  Marshall,  from  Knockondo,  admitted,  1640,  died  aboot  1665. 

—  Gilbert  Marshall,  junior,  ordained,  1667.    Transported  to  Inverness,  1674. 

—  John  Stewart,  ordcuned  January  26,  1676,  ejected  in  1690. 

—  William  Mackay,  from  Dornoch,  admitted,  1694,  died  in  1700. 

—  Jamea  Chapmaa,  from  Calder,  admitted  November  35,  1703,  died  in  December,  1737. 

—  Frands  Grant,  from  Duthil,  admitted  in  1748,  died  in  July,  1746. 

—  Patrick  Grant,  ordaioed  September  18, 1751,  died  February  15, 1778. 

—  Lewis  Grant,  from  Duthil,  admitted  July  14,  1778. 

—  Gn^or  Qnat,  admitted  November  7, 1798. 


t  The  Stipend  was  sugmeBled  in  1819,  to  IfiS  bolU  of  oat  meal,  1S8  bdls  of  barley,  and  ^06  6i.  Sd. 
for  dement  money.    The  pc^latioa  of  the  parish  la  2897. 


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370  THE    BCCLESIA8T1CAL   HISTORY.  PART  Tf. 

Abernethie  and  Kinchardioe  UDiled  ia  one  paii^h^  but  distinct 
places  of  worship.  The  Minister  has  a  Glebe  in  each.  Abernethie 
was  dedicated  to  St  George.  The  Laird  of  Grant  is  Patron.  There 
was  a  Chapel,  in  Conigess,  in  the  east  end  of  the  parish ;  and 
another  two  miles  above  the  church,  on  the  bank  of  Nethie.  The 
iStipend*  was  800  Merks,  with  50  Me)*k8  for  Conimunion  Service ; 
but,  about  the  year  1767,  it  was  augmented  to  £d4  Sterling,  or  1152 
Merks  Scots.  The  Scbooi  is  not  legal.  Catechisable  persons  are 
about  l!liOO.     The  Protestant  Ministers  are, 

Mr  John  Gloss,  Exhorter  in  Abernethie  and  Kingusi^  1567. 

—  Patrick  Groat,  Minister  in  1624,  died  about  I63a 

—  CoUn  Mackenzie,  ordained  about  IS34.     Traneported  to  Contane  in  1646. 

—  John  Sondeison,  ordtuned  in  I6S6,  died  about  1677. 

' —  Colin  NichokoD,  ordained  assiBtaat  August  12,  T670.   Transported  to  Kirk-MicliaelU 
168ft. 

—  James  Grant,  from  Urquhart,  admitted,  1686,  ejected  in  1690. 

—  William  Grant,  (after  a  vacancy  of  19  years],  ordained  May  19,  1709,  died  June  27, 

1764. 

—  John  Gnuit,  from  Arochar,  admitted  September  33, 1765,  died  Jaattary  31,  1820i 

—  I><»nld  Mortim  admitted  August  16, 182a 

Duthil  and  Rothiemurchus,  united — the  former  dedicated  to  St 
Peter,  and  the  other  to  St  Tuchaldus.  The  Laird  of  Grant  is  Pa- 
tron. Attempts  were  made  in  1624,  and  afterwards,  to  unite  Kin- 
chardine  and  Bothiemurchus,  but  failed  for  want  of  stipend ;  but  1630, 
Duthil  and  Rothiemurchus  have  been  united,  but  distinct  places  of 
worship,  and  a  glebe  in  each  pariah.  There  was  in  Achaahatnich, 
in  Rothiemurchus,  a  chapel,  dedicated  to  St  Eata.     The  stipend^ 


■  The  Stipend  waa  angmented  ia  IBil,  to  120bolU(MU  meal,  IWhrfU  bariey,  and  £8  6a.  Sd.  br 
element  money.    The  popnlalioa  of  the  paiWi  i»  rK8. 

'  t  llie  Stipend  waaangmnited  in  1881,  to  180  bolli  oat  meal,  180  brttii»riey,  aad^  Gt.  8d.  &r 
clement  money.    The  papaUtion  of  the  paiitb  ia  1739. 


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BBCT.   IV.  THE  PROTESTANT  CHUBCR.  371 

was  800  merks,  with  55  merks  for  communion  elements ;  but  about 
tbe  year  1767.  it  was  augmented  to  £64  sterling,  or  1152  merks. 
Catecbisable  persons  are  14100.     The  Protestant  ministers  are, 

Hr  Andrew  Henderson,  oidained  at  Rothiemarchne,  162d.    Transported  to  Bolwhidder, 
1630. 

—  WiQiam  W&tacm,  from  Elchies,  admilted  at  Dnthil,  162fi,  died  about  1665. 

—  Samea  Watfion,  ord^ned  abont  1607,  died  1669. 

—  Williaia  Frazer,  ordained,  1664,  died,  or  was  transported,  in  1066. 

—  William  Smith,  ordu&ed  in  1667,  deposed  in  1682,  for  Immoralitiea. 

—  Siieton  Grant,  ordained  In  1683,  ejected  in  1690. 

—  Donald  Maontosb  from  Farr,  adntitted  1696,  demitted  in  1708. 

—  Ffaacla  Gran^  after  a  vacancy  of  11  yean,  ordained  September,  1719.    Traasporied 

to  Cromdale,  1740. 

—  Patrick  Grant,' ordained  December  3,  1740.    Transported  to  Nuig,  1766. 

—  Robert  Grant,  ordained  April  19, 1768,  died  March  12,  1769. 

—  Lbvis  Gebd^  ordained  Septcraber  30,  1769.    Transported  to  Cromdale,  July  I^ 

1778. 

—  Patlidc  Grant,  ordained  September  34,  177^  died  January  31,  1809. 

—  Jdhn  Grant,  Ihim  Kuk-Micfaael,  admitted  September  37, 1809,  died  July  1, 1819. 

—  Waiiam  Grant,  from  Kii^Michael,  admitted  March  38, 1820. 

'  Alvie,  a  parsonage,  dedicated  to  St  Drostan.  The  Duke  of  Gor- 
don is  patron.  This  parish  was  sometime  united  with  Laggan. 
There  were  several  chapels  in  this  parish— one  at  Kinrara,  on  the 
west  side  of  the  river,  dedicated  to  St  Eata ;  a  chapel  of  ease  at  Da- 
nachtan  dedicated  to  St  Drostan ;  and  Ma  Luac  chapel  in  Rates. 
I  have  before  me  a  seizin  on  the  land  of  croft  Ma  Luac,  in  favour  of 
James  Macintosh,  alias,  Macdonald  Glass,  ancestor  to  Macintosh  of 
Strone»  by  George,  Bishop  of  Moray,  anno  1675.  The  Stipend,*  by 
decreet,  in  1720,  is  800  merks,  with  00  merks  for  communion  ele- 
ments. There  is  no  school. .  The  catechisable  persons  are  700.  The 
Protestant  ministers  are. 


*  Tbe  Stipend  mu  augmented  in  1813,  to  2  firloli,  Specks,  Slippies  ofoatmeal,  £IS8  fis.  5d.  sler- 
liNg,  and  iCS,  6*.  Sd.  for  element  mcney.    The  popnlatkra  of  the  pariah  Is  Ml. 

5  B 


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372  THE   BCCLfeSIASTICAL   HI8T0BT.  PABT  TI. 

Mr  James  Spence,  £xhoitet  in  1572. 

—  Jsmes  Lyle  wu  Minister  in  and  befofe  1634.    (Vid.  Lc^gmn.) 

—  Roderick  Mackenzie,  ordained,  1637,  deposed  for  Immorality. 

—  Thomaa  Mocphenon,  onfadned,  1662,  died  nboat  1707. 

—  Alexander  Frazer,  ordained  September  13,  1713.    Transported  to  InTeraron,  17S1. 

—  LndoTick  Chapman,  orduned  in  September,  1738.    IVansported  to  PMtle,  1738. 

—  William  Gordon,  from  Urquhart,  admitted  September  16, 1739. 

—  John  Macdonuld,  admitted  in  1806. 

Kingusie,  a  Parsonage  dedicated  to  St  Coluim ;  and  Incht  a  Vi- 
carage dedicated  to  St  £wan.  The  Duke  of  Gordon  is  Patron. 
How  early  these  parishes  were  united  I  find  not  Inch  (q.  /m^  ui 
Island)  is  so  called,  because  the  river  Spey  sometimes  floweth  around 
the  hill  on  which  the  church  etandeth.  The  church  of  Kingusie 
was  built  in  1624,  where  the  Priory  stood.  There  were  cfai^ls  at 
Invertromie  and  Noid,  and  Brigida's  chapel  at  Bencbar :  The  Mi- 
nister preaches  at  both  places,  and  has  a  Glebe  at  each.  The  sti- 
pend,* by  agreement  and  decreet  in  17d8,  including  Comnranion 
Elements,  is  1000  IVIerka.  The  School  is  legal,  erected  about  1650, 
by  2000  Merks  vacant  stipend,  mortified  and  lately  secured  upon 
some  of  Macpherson  of  Clunie's  lands.  The  examinable  persona 
are  1400.     The  Protestant  Ministers  are, 

Mr  John  Glass,  Ezhorter  in  Kingnsle  and  Abemethis,  anno  1S67. 

—  Archibald  Henderson,  Parson,  \ffJA. 

—'  Angus  Macintosh,  ordained  about  1600,  died  In  winter,  1643. 

—  Laochlan  Grant,  from  Moy,  admitted,  1649,  died  in  1668. 

—  Hector  Mackenzie,  ordained  November  30,  1 670.    Transpcsted  to  Inverness  1688L 

—  Donald  Taylor,  officiated  till  1701,  but  not  legally  srttled. 

—  Jc^n  Mackenzie,  admitted  in  1701,     Transported  to  Laggan,  1709. 

—  Daniel  Mackenzie,  from  Knockaado,  admitted,  1709.    Tnnsported  to  Aberionrs^ 

1715. 

—  Lanchlan  Shaw,  ordained  September  20,  1716.    Transported  to  Calder,  1719. 

—  William  Blair,  ordained  an  Itinerant,  1721,  admitted  September  16,  1724. 

—  John  Anderson,  admitted  ■    Transported  to  Bellie,  September  SO,  1809. 

—  John  Robertson,  admitted  August  16,  1810,  died  March  10,  ia2& 
Shepherd,  from  Lo^an,  admitted  July  14,  1826, 


■  llie  Stipend  wu  alimented  in  1811  (o  48  boUi  cat  meal,  48  bolls  barley,  £100  ateriiq;,  and  A 
<i  ad.tbr  elemeBt money.    The {M^uUtioa of tba parish li 20DL 


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SECT.    IV.  THE    PR0TB8TANT   GHUOCH.  3TS 

PRESBYTERY  OF  ELGIN. 

Dipple,  jM^ceeding-  from  east  to  west,  I  begin  with  the  parish  of 
Speymouth,  which  comprises  the  old  parishes,  Dipple,  and  Essil,  of 
vriiich  I  shall  first  treat.  Dipple,  a  parsonage  dedicated  to  the  Holy 
Ghost*  whereof  the  Earl  of  Moray  is  Patron.  At  the  chnrch-yard 
s^le  there  stood  a  small  house,  commonly  called  the  house  of  the 
Holy  Ghost — arooad  which,  sun-way,  the  people  made  a  tour  with 
the  corpse  at  burials,  and  could  not  be  restrained  from  this  soper- 
stioD,  till  ^te  walls  were  quite  razed  of  late.  The  Parson  of  Dipple 
was  Titular  of  Bathven,  in  Strathbog-g^e  (Appendix,  No.  XLV.) 
The  Protestant  ^linisters  were, 

Mr  WlUiBm  PeteiUn,  Exhorter  in  Dipple  and  Dondnnos,  anno  1670. 

—  Adam  Hepbom,  Paraon,  anno  1674. 

—  AJexandv  Hay,  Faraon,  1091,  died  1624. 

—  Walter  Smith,  ordained,  1625,  died  1666. 

—  Ilonias  Uiqnhart,  ordained  August  13,  1606.    Tramported  to  Essfl,  165S. 

—  Oeorge  limes,  ordained  October  14,  1668,  demitted  for  Nonconformi^,  anno  1663. 

—  Alexandei  Marshall,  ordiuned  Aogust  24,  1664,  dentitted  in  16^2,  on  account  of  Ibe 

Test 

—  John  Scottj  ordained  in  May,  1683,  died  In  June,  1T36. 

—  John  Patenon,  wdtdned  March  33, 1727.    Transported  to  8t  Andrews,  1731. 

Essil,  dedicated  to  St  Peter,  was  the  seat  of  the  Snb-treasorer. 
and,  in  1670,  Mr  David  Colless,  minister  of  Kenedar.  presented, 
with  consent  of  Sir  Ludovick  Gordon  of  Gordonstown,  Mr  Alexan- 
der Lindsay.  Likewise,  in  1676,  the  ntioister  of  Kenedar,  with  con- 
sent aforesaid,  presented  Mr  George  Cammine.  The  Pretestaot 
Ministers  were, 

Mr  Robert  Ktiith,  Minister  at  Urquhart,  Lhanbryde,  and  Essil,  anno  ia«7. 

—  John  BUnshall,  Reader  in  these  PariBbea,  1667. 

—  John  Peten.     I  find  not  the  precise  time  of  hia  serrlng. 

—  William  Roch,  from  Ogston,  admitted,  1601,  died  February  2,  1661. 

—  CoUn  Falconer,  ordained  October  3,  1661.    Transported  to  Forres,  1668. 

^  Thomas  Urqahart,  from  Diiq>le,  admitted  June  30,  1668,  deposed,  1663,  forNoa. 


—  Alexander  Dunbar,  from  BimJe,  admitted  July  8, 1663.    Transported  in  1667. 


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S74  THE   BCCLE8IASTICAL   HISTORY.  PART    Tl. 

Mr  Alexander  LiDdBafhOn)<uii«(I  Dwembet  13, 1670.    Transported  to  Urqubart,  167& 

—  George  Cammiiig,  ordained  September  21,  1676,  died  September  20,  1723. 

—  James  Gilchrist,  ordained  March  2,  172S.     Transported  to  Foveraa,  1727. 

—  Robert  Milne,  ordained  November  19, 1728.  became  Minister  of  Speymooth,  I73I. 

Speymoath  is  made  ap  of  tbe  pari^es  of  Dipple  and  Eanl,  and 
the  barony  of  Garmouth  anited,  and  erected  into  one  paririi,  by  a 
decree  of  the  Court  of  Session,  of  date  Jaly  14,  1731,  to  take  effect 
at .  the  death  or  removal  of  one  of  the  then  iocombent  ministers, 
which  happened  that  same  year,  by  traasporting  Mr  John  Patersea 
fi'om  Dipple  to  St  Andrews.  The  old  kirks  were  suffered  to  go  into 
decay,  and  a  new  kirk  was  built  in  die  centre  of  the  united  parish  in 
1733,  and  called  "Speymonth  Kirk."  Bat  the  old  choreh-yards 
continue  to  be  the  places  for  burying.  No  grave  is  allowed  to  be 
digged  at  the  new  church.  The  Glebes  of  IMpple  and  Esail  woe 
disponed  to  Braco,  (now  Earl  of  Fife],  who  granted  a  Glebe,  imd 
built  a  Manse  at  some  little  distance  from  the  kirk.  By  annexing 
the  Barony  of  Garmouth  to  this  parish,  £200  Scots  of  tbe  Teind 
fishing  of  Spey  is  added  to  the  stipend.  The  town  and  barmy  of 
Garmonth,  though  within  half-a-mile  of  the  kirk  of  Essil,  was  a  part 
of  the  parish  c^  Urqubart,  and  three  miles  from  that  kirk :  The 
Bishops  kept  it  in  this  parish,  that  they  might  have  the  said  £200. 
In  1649,  Garmouth  was  annexed  to  Essil  by  the  Presbytery,  with 
consent  of  the  Heritors,  and  the  Minister  of  Essil  was  to  enjoy  the 
j£200.  To  explain  this,  observe,  that  King  Charles  I.  being  indebt- 
ed £7,000  Sterling,  to  James  Livingston  of  the  Bed-Chamber, 
granted  him  in  1642,  a  gift  of  the  rents  and  profits  of  the  Bishopric 
of  Moray,  and  others,  for  payment,  with  power  to  sell  and  dispone 
th^  same.  Mr  Livingston,  in  1647,  conveyed  his  right  to  John, 
Earl  of  Crawford,  Treasurer,  who,  by  his  disposition,  of  date,  June 
0.  1648.  sold  the  Teind  Fishing  of  Spey  to  Sir  Robert  Innes  of 
Innes,  for  £800  Scots,  with  the  burden  of  £200  to  the  Minister  of 
Essil.    The  Minister  of  Essil  enjoyed  the  £200  till  1662,  wA  tben 


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SECT.   IV.  THE   PROTESTANT  CHUBCH.  375 

the  Bishop  took  the  money  to  himself,  and  re-annexed  Garmoatb  to 
Urquhart.  After  the  ReToldtion,  the  King-'s  College  of  Aberdeen 
got  possession  of  the  £200  Scots.  Bat  Mr  Robert  Miln,  Minister 
of  Speyniouth,  recovered  this,  as  a  part  of  his  stipend. 

The  Earl  of  Moray,  and  the  Laird  of  Gordonstown,  are  Patrons 
per  vices  of  the  anited  parish  (vide  Kenedar.)  The  stipend,*  by  de- 
creet, in  1730,  is,  including  Gommanion  Elements,  £341,  Os.  4d. ; 
and  109  bolls,  1  firlot,  3|  pecks,  whereof  32  bolls,  1^  peck,  are  Oat- 
meal, at  8^  stone  per  boll.  The  School  is  legal.  Mortifications 
are,  £666, 13s.  4d.  to  the  poor  of  Dipple ;  £333,  6s.  8d.  to  the  School 
of  Dipple,  and  two  bolls  meal  annually ;  £333,  6s.  8d.  to  the  poor  of 
Essil.  and  as  much  to  tiie  School  thereof, — all  by  William  Duff  of 
Dipple.  £200  to  the  poor  of  Dipple,  by  William  Ego  in  Beathill ; 
and  2,000  merks  for  a  School  in  Garmoutb,  by  Peter  Ciordon,  watch- 
maker in  Edinburgh.  The  catechisable  are  640.  The  Ministers, 
since  the  union  of  the  parishes,  are, 

Mr  Robert  Milne,  ordained  November  19, 1726,  died  January  6, 1758. 

—  Thomaa  Gordon,  from  Dnndarcee,  admitted  July  6, 1758,  died  July  18, 1784. 

—  James  Gillan,  from  Kinloss,  admitted  October  11,  1785. 

Urqahart,  a  parsonage  dedicated  to  St  Margaret.  The  Prior  of 
Urquhart  was  Patron ;  and  now  the  Duke  of  Gordon,  coming  in  the 
place  of  the  Earl  of  Dunfermline,  Lord  Urquhart,  is  Patron.  The 
8tipend,-t-byadecreetinl650,is5chalders,  half  barley  and  half  oat  meal, 
£300Scot9,  with  50  merks  for  communion  elements.  The  salary  of  the 
School  is  12  bolls  of  meal,  mortified  by  Dunfermline,  and  paid  oat  of 
the  mill  of  Urquhart.  John  Innes  of  Darkland  mortified  to  the  poor 
£133  6s.  8d.  Mr  James  Park  mortified  £2000  Scots,  for  two  Bur- 
saries in  philosophy  in  the  King's  College  of  Aberdeen.  The  ex- 
minable  persons  are  870.     The  Protestant  ministers  are. 


*  The  Stipend  ii  £17S,  17i.  8d.,  Inclndiiig  element  money.    The  popalatkm  of  ttte  pnrUi  i«  1401. 
t  Tile  Stipend  wu  augmented,  in  1809,  to  BO  bolla  Oat-meal,  BO  bolU  Barley,  £33,  6a.  Sd.  BterlitiK, 
and  £8,  6t.  M.  for  element  money.    The  pt^lation  of  Ibe  paridi  t>  1003. 

5  c 


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376  THE   SCCLBSU8TICAL   HISTORY.  PART  TI. 

Mr  Robert  Keith,  Minister  at  Urqahart,  UiuibiTde,  uid  Earil,  1567. 

—  John  Blinsliall,  Bender  in  lfi67. 

—  James  Guthrie,  Miuisttir  in  1599,  died  in  ^ane,  1647, 

—  James  Park,  oidained  July  IS,  1647.  dc|>ofled,  in  1660,  for  divea  otee*. 

—  Robert  Tod,  from  Rothes,  admitted  Decembfr  31, 1662,  died  in  ApiU,  1676. 

—  Alexander  lindsay,  from  Essil,  admitted  July  23, 1 676,  died  in  September  that  year. 

—  William  Geddes,  from  Wick,  admitted  June  1,  1677,  demitted  in  1682,  for  the  Test. 

—  Junes  Gordon,  from  Koockando,  admitted  July  .4, 1683. 

—  John  Stewart,  aerved  immediately  after  the  Rerolution,  died  M^yj6,  1692. 

—  James  and  John  Urquharts,  (vid.  Kinloss),  admitted,  1695,  Jamei  ^ted  A|Hil  16, 

1701,  and,  John,  October  30,  1731. 

—  John  Gilchrist,  from  Bobum,  admitted  March  13,  1734,  died  Januaiy  4, 1739. 

—  James  Spence,  ordained  November  26, 1740,  died  March  30, 1768. 

—  William  Gordon,  ordained,  privately,  1 768,  admitted  Jannary  JS,  1769,  died  JnJy  18, 

1810. 

—  Alexander  Walker,  frcon  Old  Mocher,  oidained  Augost  8,  1805,  admiUed  Aprfl  4, 

1811.    Translated  to  Elgin,  Jaoiuiy  6, 1835. 

—  James  M'Lean,  from  Keith,  admitted  March  24, 1835. 

Lhanbride,  a  Vicarage  dedicated  to  8t  Brigida.  Tlie  iDin»t«'  of 
Alves  was  Patron  and  Titular,  and  had  40  bolls  of  Teinds  annually 
paid  to  him.  He  presented  Mr  James  Cook,  anno  1682;  bat  Alex- 
ander Tod  was  presented  in  1669,  by  the  Bishop,  Jure  Devoluto, 
with  the  consent  of  the  Earl  of  Moray.  In  17(^,  the  Treasury  gift- 
ed the  vacant  stipends  of  Lhanbride  to  the  town  of  Lanark,  The 
£arl  of  Moray  claimed  the  stipend  as  Patron  of  Lhanbride,  qua  Pa- 
tron of  Aires,  for  Patronus  Patroni  mei  est  Patronus  mens.  Hw 
Lords,  5th  February  1709,  rejected  the  Earl's  claim,  unless  he  in- 
struct, that  he  has  a  particular  right  of  Patronage  of  that  church. 
Yet  the  Earl  continues  to  present  nithout  interruption.  The  sti- 
pend, by  a  decreet  in  1717,  is  100  bolls,  3  firlots,  3  pecks,  3\  lippies 
of  bear  and  meal,  and  £18  4s.  for  communion  elements.  Th»  sa- 
lary for  the  School  is  6  bolls,  3  firlots,  and  45  merks  annually  of  a 
mortification.  Dipple  mortified  1000  merks,  and  Inoes  of  Darkland 
900  merks  for  the  poor.  The  catechisable  persons  are  348.  The  mi- 
nisters are. 

Mr  Patrick  Balfour,  Minister  at  Alves  and  Uianbride,  1667. 

—  Andrew  Stronach,  Extorter,  1567. 
—.John  Blenshal,  Reader,  1567. 


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SECT.   IV.  THE  PROTESTANT  CHURCH.  S?"? 

Mr  Baidiolomew  Bobettsmi.  MiniBter,  utno  1603. 
— -  William  Fnzer,  Minister  in  1623,  died  in  1626. 

—  Akxsoder  Anderson,  ordained  1627,  died  1667. 

—  Alexander  Tod,  ordained  March  31,  1669.    IVansported  to  Elgin,  1682. 

—  James  Cook,  ord^ned  December  21,  1683,  died  1707. 

—  Wahat  Stewart,  ordained  Janoary  31, 1710,  died  in  December,  1725. 

—  John  Stewart,  ordained  March  33, 1727.    Transported  to  Dromblade,  1734. 

—  ^trick  Duncan,  ordained  April  9,  1735,  died  January  28,  1760. 

—  James  Crombie,  orduned  September  11,  1760.    Removed  to  Belfast,  in  Irdand, 

1770. 

—  Thomas  Madariane,  ordained  September  5,  1771,  died  November  12,  1781,— after 

his  death  this  parish  was  annexed  to  St  Andrews. 

Bimie,  a  parsonage,  whereof  the  Earl  of  Moray  is  Patron.  The 
-stipeii4>*  by  decreet  in  1774,  is  18  bolls,  2  pecks,  3^  lippies  of  bear; 
30  bcUs,  1  £rlot,  8  pecks  1  lippy,  oat-meal,  at  8  stoae  per  boll ;  aod 
dSS02  2s.. 8d.  Scots.  The  Schod  is  scarcely  legal.  John  Innes  of 
Darkland  mortified  900  merks  for  the  poor.  There  were  likewise 
igivHi  to  the  poor  of  this  parish,  by  a  private  band,  £30  sterling  a  few 
years  ago.     Catechisable  persons  are  420.    The  ministers  are, 

Mr  James  Johnston,  Exhorter  in  1068. 

—  Alexander. Innes,  Minister  in  1569. 

—  Ctdin  Mackenzie,  deposed  in  1624,  for  ImiSondity. 

_  Aleiander  Spence,  otdained  lu  1626,  died  Apiti  15, 1658. 

—  Alexander  Dunbar,  orduned  June  22, 1669.    Transported  to  EsU,  1663. 

—  William  Sanndeis,  ordained  November  4, 1663,  died  May  13,  1670. 

—  John  Cummiog,  ordained  December  13,  1670,  Reeled,  1690,  and  became  a  Papist  in 

Ireland. 

—  John  M'Ean,  ordained,  J696,  died  fai  JuA^  1704. 

—  Thomas  Macculloch,  ordained  July  1, 1708.    Transported  to  Bellie  in  1709. 

—  William  Dougal,  ordained  February  1, 1710.    Transported  to  Spynie,  1721. 

—  David  Dnnlop,  ordained  September  19, 1^1,  died  May  29,  1742. 

—  Alexander  Moray,  ordained  April  38, 1743,  died  August  19, 1765. 
~  Joseph  Anderson,  ordained  March  IS,  1766,  died  June  2, 1808. 

—  David  Baxter,  Preacher  of  the  Gospel  in  Edinburgh,  ordained  and  admitted,  July  7, 

1809.    Translated  to  Lillie^  Leaf,  October  10, 1816. 

—  James  Paterson,  (who  had  been  mfdained,  January  26,  1808,  when  as^atant  to  the  late 

Josejdi  Anderson),  was  admitted,  December  19, 1816. 


*  The  Stipeiid  was  angmented,  in  181S,  to  3  pecks  OM-mMl,  14  botU,  3  Brlota,  3  lij^lei  Barley, 
and  £102,  4s.  5d.  iterling,  inclndin"  sleroeat  money.    Tbe  pt^latkm  of  Ifae  pariih  h  381. 


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378  THE   ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  PART  VI. 

Elgin,  a  Parsonage  dedicated  to  St  Giles,  was  the  Bisbop's  pastoral 
charge.  1  find  not  two  Ministers  in  Elgin  before  the  year  1613^ 
after  which  time  the  second  Minister  was  the  Bishop's  Vicar.  In 
1043,  King  Charles  I.  granted  the  Patronage  to  the  Magistrates, 
and  Common  Council.  This  was  ratified  in  Parliament,  1645;  and 
in  that  year,  Messrs  Murdoch  Mackenzie  and  Thomas  Law  were 
presented  by  the  Town-Council  ;  but,  by  the  Act  Rescissory,  in 
1661,  and  the  re-establishing  Prelacy,  in  1663,  the  gift  in  favour  of 
the  town  became  void,  and  the  King  is  Patron.  The  stipend,*  by 
decreet  in  1714,  is  modified  to  104  bolls  Bear,  and  £450  Scots  to 
each  Minister,  but  falleth  short  in  the  locality  near  a  boll,  and  £3  to 
each.  The  Vicarage  of  Pluscarden,  converted  at  £100,  is  allowed 
for  Communion  Elements.  There  is  but  one  Glebe,  and  no  Manse ; 
but  there  is  ground  where  the  Manse  stood,  and  a  garden  adjacent 
to  it.  The  lands  of  Easter  Kelles  were,  in  1657,  annexed  to  Dallas 
by  the  Presbytery,  and  received  the  civil  sanction;  bat  attempts  to 
disjoin  Pluscarden  aiid  Blackhills  became  ineffectual,  because  not 
ratified  in  law.  At  Langmorn,  or  Lkan-Morgan,  t.  e.  "  Morgan's 
Church,"  was  a  free  chapel,  which  had  its  own  Minister,  probably 
till  1613,  when  a  second  Minister,  or  a  Vicar,  was  settled  in  the 
parish.  At  Inverlochtie  was  St  John  Baptist's  Chapel,  and  another 
at  Bogside.  There  is  in  the  town  a  Gram  mar-School,  endowed  by 
the  community,  and  a  School  for  teaching  English  and  Music,  en- 
dowed by  King  James  VI.  out  of  the  Revenues  of  the  Preceptory  of 
Maison  Dieu.  The  church  of  St  Giles,  being  an  old  vaulted  fabric, 
fell  down  in  1679,  and  was  soon  rebuilt  in  the  modem  way,  as  it 
now  stands.  The  mortifications  for  the  poor  are — by  Charles  Cior- 
don,  late  Bailie,  300  merks, — by  Alexander  Dick,  late  Convener, 
1,000  merks,— by  Dykeside,  3,000  merks, — by  James  Cramond,  late 


*  The  Stipend  wm  augmented,  ta  1S09,  to  4IS  bolls  Bwlejr,  £76  iteriiag,  vA  £10  tat  elenuatnicmey. 
The  populatioiL  of  the  puiih  is  6308. 


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SECT.    IV.  THE   PROTESTANT   CHUBCH.  379 

Bailie,  500  merks, — by  John  Sanders,  merchant,  150  merka, — by 
Robert  Gordon,  merchant,  100  merks. — by  William  Duff  of  Dipple, 
1,500  merks, — by  Mr  James  Thomson,  late  Minister,  600  merks  to 
buy  Bibles  for  the  poor, — by  Cummine  of  Pittilie,  late  ProTO^ 
6,037^  merks  for  four  Pensioners, — to  four  Beadmen,  16  boU^  an- 
nually, of  the  Revenues  of  Maison  Dieu, — besides  the  rent  of  the 
Hospital  Croft  for  gowns  to  them, — by  the  Kirk-Session,  350  merks ; 
a  considerable  growing-  fund,  established  by  the  Guildry,  for  decayed 
Guild-Brethren ;  and  particular  funds  by  some  incorporations.  The 
Catechisable  persons  are  above  4,000.  The  Protestant  Ministers, 
besides  the  Bishops  that  were  not  Ministers  of  Elg^n  before  their 
consecration,  are, 

Hr  Alexander  Winchester,  Minister  in  1068. 

—  Tttomas  Robertson,  Reader  in  1669. 

—  William  Douglas,  Vicar  in  1579. 

— ■  Alexander  Donglai,  ordained  about  158S,  Bishop  in  1610,  died  I6S3. 

—  David  FhUp,  ordained  in  March,  1613,  died  in  September,  1633. 

—  John  Gordon,  from  Kenedar,  admitted  March  31,  1633,  deposed  for  ImmoralUe^ 

1639. 

—  Gilbert  Ross,  admitted  September  94,  1640,  died  August  14,  1644. 

—  Murdoch  Mackenzie,  from  Inverness,  admitted  April  17,  1640,  Bishop,  166S. 

—  Thomas  Law,  from  Boharm,  admitted  August  28,  1645,  died  August  13, 1657. 

—  Jamea  Horn,  from  Bellie,  admitted  July  S8, 1659,  demitted  in  1683,  for  the  Test 

—  Alexander  Tod,  from  Lhanbride,  admitted  July  1 1, 1682,  demitted  in  1689. 

—  Robert  Langlands,  from  Barony  of  Gla^^ow,  admitted  June  31,  1696,  died  August  12, 

that  year. 

—  James  Thomson,  from  Colington,  admitted  June  31, 1696,  died  June  1, 1736. 

'   —  Alexander  King,  from  Bonill,  admitted  April  37, 1701,  died  December  23, 1715. 

—  Charies  Primrose,  from  FOTres,  admitted  May  7,  1717.    Transported  to  Crichton, 

1729. 

—  Joseph  Sanderson,  from  Alves,  admitted  May  3, 1727,  died  July  15,  1733. 

—  James  Winchester,  from  Aldein,  admitted  May  5, 1730.    Transported  to  Jedburgh, 

1737. 

—  LaucUan  Shaw,  from  Colder,  admitted  May  9, 1734,  resigned,  1774. 

—  Alexander  Irvine,  from  AldMn,  admitted  August  12, 1736,  died  December  22, 175a 

—  David  Rintoul,  from  Kirkaldy,  admitted  September  28, 1759,  died  October  36,  I77a 
_  William  Peteikin,  ordained  July  14,  1774,  died  Janoary  8,  1788. 

—  Jamea  Hay,  D.D.,  from  Dyce,  admitted  July  15, 1779,  died  January  32, 1784. 

5  D 


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380  THE   ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  PART   VI. 

Mt  William  Qordoa,  Idnerant  MiseoQiiary  in  the  £wzie,  ordained  July  30, 1 776,  aclinitted 
August  26, 1784,  and  is  one  of  the  present  Ministers. 

—  John  Grant,  from  Bohaim,  admitted  October  14,  1788,  died  October  22, 1814. 

—  IjewiB  Gordon,  D.D.,  iroin  Drainie,  admitted  September  S,  1819,  died  Jane  39, 

1824. 

—  Alexander  Walker,  from  Urqahart,  admitted  January  6, 1820,  and  la  one  of  the  pre. 

sent  MinisteTB, 

St  Andrews,  a  mensal  church,  of  old  called  Kil-ma-Lemnoc.  The 
King^  is  now  Patron.  In  time  of  Prelacy  this  chnrcb  and  Ijbat  of 
Ogstcm  on  the  other  side  of  the  Loch  of  8pynie,  were  committed  to 
one  Vicar,  that  the  Bishop  might  draw  the  more  Teinds.  In  the 
north  end  of  the  parish,  was  the  chapel  of  Inch ;  and  at  Fosterseat, 
stood  the  church  of  Kil-ma-Lemnoc.  The  stipend,*  by  decreet  in 
1723,  is  four  chalders  of  bear,  and  400  merks,  with  30  merks  for 
communion  elements.  The  salary  of  the  School  is  legal.  Mortifi- 
cations are  300  merks  by  Innes  of  Darkland,  and  100  merks  by 
George  Rossel  in  Linkwood.  Oatecbisable  persons  are  500.  The 
Protestant  ministers  are, 

Mr  Alexander  Le^,  Exhorter  in  1567. 

—  John  Peters,  Minieter  in  1627,  deposed  in  1639,  for  refusing  the  Covenant 

—  Robert  Tarraa,  ordtuned  September  3,  1640,  died  in  Aagast,  1646. 

—  Robert  Innes,  from  Spynie,  admitted  October  29,  1646,  died  in  May,  1663. 

—  Thomas  Craig,  ordained  November  4,  1663,  demitted  in  1690. 

—  Garin  Wedderspooo,  ordained  in  1690,  died  March  26, 1710. 

—  John  Urquhart,  from  Gartlie,  admitted  November  12, 1717,  died  Jane  23, 1725. 

—  AlexanderlrrlQe, ordained  March  1, 1726.    Ttansported  to  Aldem,  1730. 

—  John  Paterson,  from  Dipple,  admitted  November  33, 1731,  died  April  20, 1778. 

—  WiUiam  Lealle,  bom  Anchindore,  admitted  Jtily  10, 1779. 

Kenedar,  a  Parsonage,  the  seat  of  the  treasurer.  In  1753,  Sir 
Robert  Giordon  of  Gordonstown,  purchased  the  Patronage  from  John 
Innes  of  Leuehars.     "June  14th,  1666,  the  Bishop  and  Ch^ter, 


^  The  Stipend  waaangmented,  ia  1814,  to  112  bolls  Oat-meal,  IIS  boIU  Barley,  and  £5,  lU.  Id.  far 
dement  money,    lia  population  of  the  pariih  ii  934. 


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8BCT.    IV.  THE   PROTESTANT  CHURCH.  381 

with  Sir  Robert  Gordon  of  Gordonstown^  and  Alexander  Brodie  of 
Brodie,  hmtors,  ratified  and  approved  the  disjanction  of  Ogstoo, 
made  in  1642,  from  St  Andrews,  and  the  annexation,  of  it  to  Kene- 
dar,  without  prejudice  to  the  Bishop  as  Titular  of  St  Andrews  and 
Og^tou ;  and  that  118  merks  be  paid  annually  out  of  Og;ston  to  the 
minister  of  St  Andrews ;  and  because  this  will  diminish  the  stipend  of 
Kenedar,  therefore  Gordonstown  will  make  up  to  him  these  118 
merka,"  (PreBbytery  Records.)  The  church,  formerly  at  Kenedar, 
was,  about  1666,  built  in  the  centre  of  the  united  parishes,  at  Dnunie, 
and  the  church  is  now  called  the  church  of  Drainie  ;  but  the  Glebe 
and  Manse  are  at  Kenedar — an  Eng^lish  mile  from  the  church  at 
Drainie.  The  stipend.*  by  decreet  in  1774  is  £600  Scots;  2  chal- 
ders  bear ;  40  bolls  oats ;  and  £30  for  communion  elements.  The 
salary  of  the  School  is  13  bolls.  Catechisable  persons  are  1,000. 
The  Protestant  ministers  are, 

Mr  WiUiam  Clark,  Exhortsr  in  1S73. 

—  William  Wiseman,  Reader  in  \6iBa. 
—'William  Donglu,  Minister  in  1S96  and  1603. 

—  Alexander  Innei,  Minister  in  1634. 

—  John  Giordon  in  1620.    Transported  to  £1^,  1633. 

—  David  CollesB,  from  Ogston,  admitted,  1634,  died  about  1661. 

—  Michael  Camming  ordained  with  the  snrnvonce,  March  7, 1666,  died  abootT1696. 

—  Hugh  Anderson,  from  Boeemarlde,  admitted  Aii^EUt  17,  1698,  resigned,  1740,  died 

1749. 

—  WiUiam  Collie,  ordained  March  17,  1741,  died  April  39,  1768. 

—  Lewis  Crordon,  ordained  September  98,  1768.    Translated  to  Elgin, 

—  Richard  Rose,  firom  Dallas,  admitted  Jtdy  23, 1616. 

Og^n,  a  mensal  church,  dedicated  to  St  Peter.  It  is.  now  an- 
nexed to  the  parish  of  Kenedar.  as  abore,  and  Gordonstown  acts  as 
Patron ;  but  how  far  the  King  may  claim  a  Yice-patronag'e,  I  shall 
not  determine.    The  ministers  were. 


■  The  Stipend  WM  angmeated,  hi  IS19,  ta.130  bolU  Oat-meal,  120  bolliBarle]r,aiid<^<s,8d.te 
otemfDt  monef.    The  pa|Hilatioii  of  Ibe  parith  is  1060. 


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382  THB    EOCLBglASTlCAL    HISTORY.  PART   T|. 

Mr  tTames  Ker,  Exhorter  in  1969. 

—  William  Roch,  Minister  in  1594.    Transported  to  Essil  in  1601. 

—  David  Colless,  Minister  in  163S.    Transported  to  Kenedar  about  1614. 

—  Robert  Innes,  about  1634.    IVansported  to  Spyni^  1640,  and  had  no  sricceflMr. 

Duffus,  a  Parsonage  dedicated  to  St  Peter,  the  patronage  whereof 
was  once  tripartite,  betwixt  the  King,  Marshal,  and  Duffiis.  The 
presentation  to  Alexander  Symer,  Aug.  10, 1642,  runs  thus: — "  Be 
it  kend,  me  James  Sutherland,  Tutor  of  Duffus,  heretable  proprietor 
of  one-third  of  the  Baronie  of  Duffua,  as  undoubted  Patron  of  the 
third  Vice  of  the  Kirk  of  Duffus,  sometime  belonging  to  William, 
Earl  of  Marshall,  and  deponed  by  him  to  me. — to  have  presented, 
&c."  In  1738,  Archibald  Dunbar  of  Newton  contra  Duke  of  Gor- 
don, obtained  a  Declarator  of  the  whole  Patronage,  and  is  now  Pa- 
tron and  Titular.  There  was  produced  to  the  Pre^ytery  of  £l^n. 
Oct.  14,  1736,  for  the  Duke  of  Gordon,  an  extract  of  an  Act  of  Par- 
liament, 1621,  ratifying  the  grant  of  the  patronage  of  the  church  of 
Dufiiis,  and  chapel  of  Unthank,  made  to  Lord  Spynie,  anno  1593, — 
also  charter  by  King  Charles  II.,  as  Ultimua  Heeres  to  Lord  Spynie, 
of  the  said  patronage,  in  lavour  of  James,  £arl  of  Airly,  anno  1674 ; 
which  right  Lord  Airly  assigned  to  George,  Marquis  of  Hnntly, 
anno  1683 ;  but  the  said  Archibald  Dunbar  produced  in  process,  a 
charter  to  his  authors,  anno  1527,  and  another  anno  1588.  There 
was  in  this  parish  a  Free  Chapel,  called  Unthank,*  which  had  its 
own  Minister  and  Stipend,  likewise  a  Chapel  of  Ease  in  the  burgfa. 


*  IknowDOt  whence  thli  chapel  b  called  Urtbaub,  tfitbenot  frorolheEiae  word^Intach.*  Tha 
conntry  people,  who  beat  retain  the  uicient  orthography  and  pitnouoeiatknii  alwayi  call  U  In^t^,  i,  e. 
**  Lonely  or  Solitary,"  The  litnation  of  it  faroun  tfaii  Etymology ;  and  the  Hon^  who  undentaod 
sot  the  Ene,  gare  It  a  name  ofa  limilar  Mund.  Hete,  and  at  Rcae-Itle  near  to  it,  (here  was  a  College 
of  Mookt,  and  probably  tile  <^plain  of  Unthank  wai  Provost  of  dw  College.  Unthank  was  a  Frea 
Chapel,  and  had  luda  iudepoident  of  the  Panonage  of  Duflac ;  and  vriien,  after  the  Reformatim,  Midi 
clu4)ela  wrae  annexed  to  the  Crown,  Ihii  probably  gave  riae  to  the  tripartite  divlakm  of  Dnfltaa  into  the 
Kipn'i  part,  Dafflu'  part,  and  MarAall'i  part,  and  to  die  Duke  of  Gordon'!  dafan,  of  «l  kad  a  Vioa- 
[eofDnlOu.    (VM.  Apnmn.No.  XLIV.) 


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SBCT.    IV.  THE    PROTESTANT   CRUBCH.  383 

The  stipend,*  by  decreet,  is  8  chaldere  of  Bear,  350  merksraod  60 
merks  for  communion  elements.  The  salary  of  the  Scbool  is  but  7 
bolls,  2  firlots,  3  pecks,  3  .lippies  of  Bear.  The  examinable  persons 
are  1;200.    The  Protestant  Ministers  are, 

Mr  WiUiam  Cleil,  B«adei  in  lfi69. 

—  John  Keilh,  Minister  in  1070,  1574, 1079. 

—  John  Gibwm,  Parson  of  UDthank,  and  Prebendiary,  1570. 
_  Alexander  Ktith,  Minister  in  15B6,  died  about  1609. 

—  Patiicic  Dunbar,  Minister  in  1612,  died  about  1632. 

—  John  Outhrie,  ordained  in  1633,  deposed,  1640,  for  rerumng  the  CoTenant 

—  Alexander  Symer,  ordained  January  Id,  1643,  died  in  1686. 

—  Adam  Sutherland,  (M^ained  February,  1687,  died  about  1698. 

—  Alexander  Anderson,  ordained  about  1700,  died  in  March,  1731. 

—  James  Dunbar,  orduned  March  31,  1724,  died  June  26,  1736. 

—  John  Bower,  ordained  September  IS,  1737,  died  Febniaiy  6^  1748. 

—  Alexander  Moray,  ordained  September  28, 1748. 

—  John  Reid,  admitted  assiBtant  and  successor  to  Mr  Murray,  October  8,  1778,  died 

Januaiy  9, 1803. 

—  John  Gordtm,  from  Strathdon,  admitted  September  22,  J803. 

New  Spynie,  a  Parsonage  dedicated  to  the  Holy  Trinity.  The 
Laird  of  Innes  claims  the  patronage.  A  Sab-synbd  in  Forres,  June 
1640,  appointed  Mr  Joseph  Brodie,  to  deal  with  the  Laird  of  Innes, 
to  present  some  able  man  to  the  Kirk  of  Spynie,  (Synod  Records)  ; 
and  in  September  that  year,  be  presented  Mr  Robert  Innes.  Like- 
wise, in  1647,  Sir  Robert  Innes  presented  Mr  William  doggie, 
(Preahytery  Records.)  The  church  was  transplanted  from  Spynie, 
the  very  extremity  of  the  parish,  and  built  at  Quarrywood,  anno 
173d;  but  the  Glebe  and  the  burying-place  are  at  Spynie.  There 
was  a  Chapel  of  Ease  at  Inchbrok.  The  stipend,-)-  by  decreet,  in 
1730,  is  64  bolls  of  Bear,  £300,  and  £60  for  communion  elements. 


•  Tlw  Stipend  wu  augmented,  in  ISSX,  to  ISO  boUi  Oat-meaJ,  120  bulU  Barley,  and  £8,  «i.  8d.  for 

it  mmey.    The  population  of  die  parwh  is  1950. 
t  The  Stipend  was  augmeated,  bk  1809,  to  48  boili  Oat-meal,  96  bolls  Barley,  £41, 13s.  4tl.  sterling, 
aod  £8,  So.  8d.  for  element  rooDey,    The  pt^laliou  of  the  pari^  is  996. 

5  E 


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3S4  THE   BCCLBSIASTICAL  HISTORY.  PART  Vft. 

The  School  salary  is  not  iegai.  Mary  Bannennan,  Lady  Eindrasrae, 
mM^ified  1,000  merks  for  the  poor,  and  they  have  a  share  of  Dipple'a 
mortification  to  Elg^n.  The  caiechisable  persons  are  700.  The 
Protestant  Ministers  are» 

Mr  Jamea  Pbilp,  Exhortcr,  anno  1570. 

—  Alexander  RalphB<m,  Miniater  in  1079,  and  in  1603. 

—  Alexander  Watson,  Minister  in  1614. 

—  Thomas  Craig,  Minister  in  1624,  died  in  1639. 

—  Robert  Innes,  fromOgeton,  admitted  September  38,  1640.    Transported  To  St  Ab- 

drewB,  1646. 

—  William  Clc^e,  (vide  Inveraesa),  admitted  January  21, 1647,  died  December,  1609. 

—  Samuel  Tulloch,  ordained  June  27,  1660,  died  in  November,  1706. 

—  Robert  Bates,  ordained  September  6, 1707,  died  in  October,  1719. 

—  William  Dougal,  from  Birnie,  admitted  March  7, 1721,  died  October  12,  1766. 

—  Robert  Pateiaon,*  ordained  privately,  admitted  June'lS,  1767,  died  July  31, 1790. 

—  Alexander  Brown,  £^eacher  at  Fochabers,  admitted  September  12, 1793,  died  Jan.  S, 

1614. 

—  Geoige  Mackardy,  Preacher  at  Fochabers,  admitted  September  32;  1614,  died  Sep- 

tember 10,  1817. 

—  Tliomas  Cannau,  Preacher  in  Edinburgh,  admitted  September  17,  1818.   IWispoTt- 

ed  to  Carsephura,  September  7,  1826. 

—  Alexander  Simpson,  Preacher  in  Dondee,  ordained  and  admitted  November  9, 


Aires,  a  Parsonage,  the  seat  of  the  Cbantor.  The  £arl  of  Moray 
is  Patron.  (Vid.  Lhanbride  and  Kinloga.)  The  stipend.-f-  by  decreet, 
in  1712.  is  80  bolls  of  Bear;  £300,  with  50  marks  for  communion 
elements.  The  salary  of  the  School  is  8  bolls  of  Bear,  and  £33,  6s. 
8d.  Scots.  George  Duncan,  late  merchant  in  Inverness,  mortified 
£2,000  for  educating  Boys  at  this  school.  Catechisable  persons  are 
1,300.    The  Protestant  Ministers  are. 


JORB. 


Hr  Robert  Patenon  bad  a  JolBt  pieacatMlM  fron  Ae  DiAe  of  OofdoB,  aad  Sir  Anw*  iDMi,  Sakvo 


t  The  Stipend  wu  augmented,  hi  1823,  to  ITS  bolls  OaUmeal,  1 12  bolls  Otfley,  and  £8, 68.'8d.  slet- 
Bof  fiw  element  money.     The  popnlation  of  tbeparidiis  947. 


yGooQle 


,gl, 


8BCT.   IV.  THE   PROTESTANT  CHUftCH.  385 

Mr  Pfttiick  Bfdfoar,  MiniEter  in  lt»7. 

—  Alexander  Bad,  Exhorter  in  1570. 

—  James  Muirton,  Minister  in  1S74. 

—  QaTin  Doabar,  MizuMer  in  1613,  died  in  Jnne,  1640. 

—  Qeorg«  Hannaj,  ordained  No?ember  13,  1640,  deposed,  1646,  for  opposing  tlie  Cove- 

—  William  Campbell,  from  Bower,  admitted  Aoguat  16,  1649.    Transported  to  Olrick, 

1660. 

—  Alexander  Stnart,  ordained  October  16, 1661,  died  in  October,  1675. 

—  Beroald  Innes,  ordained  March  3, 1676,  Reeled,  1690. 

—  John  Gilchiist,  from  Ldtb,  admitted,  1697.    Transported  to  Keith  in  1700. 

—  Joseph  Sanderson,  ordained  Febniai;  2, 1703.    Transported  to  Elgin  in  1727. 

—  George  Gordon,  from  Boharm,  admitted  November  31,  1728,  died  March  3, 1753. 

—  AlexandCT  Watt,  ordained  March  13,  1753.    Transported  to  Forres  in  1774. 

—  James  Monro,  from  Kinloss,  admitted  Augoat  10,  1775,  died  June  24,  1780. 

—  William  Smith,  admitted  March  32,  1781,  died  January  36, 1793. 

—  William M'Bean,  from  Moy  and  Dalroaeie,  admitted  October  II,  1793,  died  April  S, 

1818. 

—  Dnncan  Grant,  from  the  Gaelic  Chapel,  Aberdeen,  admitted  July  15, 1819. 

PRESBrrERY  OF  FORRES. 

Kinloss  parish  w^s  erected  by  the  joint  care  of  the  Presbyteriei* 
of  Elgin  and  Forres.  The  erection  was  approved  by  the  Synod  of 
Moray,  in  October,  1657,  and  ratified  in  Parliament,  anno  1661. 
The  new  parish,  excepting^  a  small  par^  being  taken  out  of  the  parish 
of  Alves,  the  Earl  of  Moray,  as  Patron  of  the  Mother  Church,  is 
Patron  of  Kinloss.  From  the  Reformation  downward,  divine  wor- 
ship was  kept  in  the  Abbey  church  of  Kinloss,  and  the  Presbytery 
claimed  the  precinct,  church,  and  church-yard.  But  Alexander 
Brodie  of  Lethin,  who  purchased  the  Abbey-lands  from  the  Lord 
Kinloss,  had  sold  the  stones  of  the  Abbey  to  the  English,  for  build- 
ing the  citadel  at  Inverness,  in  1651  and  1653,  and  agreed  with  the 
Presbytery,  that  he  should  pay  £100  Sterling  for  building  the  church, 
and  give  one-half  of  the  Glebe,  both  which  he  performed ;  and  Sir 
John  M'Kenzie  of  Tarbet  and  Muirton  gave  George's-yard,  for  the 
other  half  of  the  Glebe,  (Presbytery  Records  of  Forres.)     The 


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886  THE   ECCLB8IA8TICAL   HISTOHY.  PART  TI. 

stipend,*  by  a  decreet  in  1730,  is  56  bolls  of  Bear,  and,  iacladin^ 
communion  elements,  jC306.  The  salary  of  the  School  is  legal. 
Examinable  persons  are  aboot  1,000.  Mr  James  Urqohart  was  the 
first  Minister,  and  was  deposed  May  19,  1068,  for  not  conforming 
to  Prelacy.  He  was  reponed  by  Act  of  Parliament,  1600,  and  re- 
turned to  his  charge ;  but  was  so  ill  treated,  that  he  demitted,  anno 
1605,  and  lived  with  his  son  in  Urquhart,  where  he  died,  April  16, 
1701.     The  Protestant  Ministers  are, 

Mr  James  Urquhart,  ordained  Aoguet  19,  I6S9,  deposed  in  1663. 

—  Alexander  Donbar,  from  Kemnay,  admitted  October  19, 1660,  died  March  14, 1669. 

—  George  Innes,  from  Premnay,  admitted  Jane  16,  1670,  ejected  in  1690. 
~'  James  Urquhart,  restored  in  )690,  d^itted  in  1696. 

—  James  Gordon,  ordained  September  5,  1699,  died  December  10,  I7fi0. 

—  James  Mimro,  ordained  Hay  14, 1762.    Translated  to  AlreSj  Aognst  10, 1775. 

—  James  GiQan,  admitted  Bloich  17,  1778.    Translated 'to  Speymouth,  October  11, 

178fi. 

—  John  Hoyes,  from  Dalgety,  admitted  July  27, 1786,  died  January  23,  I8ia 

—  Willia*  Robertson,  from  Laggan,  admitted  September  10,  ISia 

Rafford,  a  Parsonage,  the  seat  of  the  Sub-€hantor.  Alexander 
Brodie  of  Lethin  is  Patron.  A  small  part  of  this  parish  was  cast 
into  the  new-erected  parish  of  l^nloss;  and  the  parish  of  Altyre, 
formerly  annexed  to  Dallas,  was  made  a  part  of  Rafford  parish,  and 
the  disjunction  and  annexation  was  ratified  in  Parliament,  anno  1661. 
The  stipend,f  by  decreet,  in  1752,  is  76  bolls,  3  firlots.  Bear,  and 
£349,  13s.  4d..  whereof  100  merks  are  for  communion  elements. 
The  salary  of  the  School  is  legal.  Catechisable  persons  are  abont 
1,200.    The  Ministers  are. 


*  Tba  Stipend  was  aogmented.  In  1819,  to  66  bolls,  2  l^qrfei  Oat-UMal,  112  bolli,  3  flrlots,  3  pedc^ 
1  lippy  Barley,  and  £60,  lOi.  iteiiing,  incloding  dement  money.  The  popnlatkw  of  the  paridi  t* 
1071. 

1  The  Stipend  wu  K^mented,  in  1B23,  to  112  bolls  Oat-meal,  112  UAU  Bariey,  and  £8, 6f .  8li.  ster- 
Ui^  for  elemeot  money.    The  pofKilatkiti  of  tbe  paridi  b  970. 


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SECT.    IV.  THE    PROTESTANT   CHURCH.  38T 

Mr  James  RawsoD,  Re&der  in  Rafibid  and  Kinloss,  anno  1M7. 

—  Alexander  Urqahart,  Minister  in  RalTord  and  Kinloss,  anno  1068. 

—  Alexander  Donbar,  Minister  and  Snb-Chantor,  anno  1S62. 

—  Robert  Dunbar,  Minister,  anno  1597  and  1614. 

—  John  Hay,  Minister  in  1624.    Transported  to  Fraserslinrgh,  1643. 

—  William  Fullerton,  ordained  April  S,  1644,  died  in  Febriiaiy,  1668. 

—  Alexander  Fordyce,  ordained  July  8,  1668,  died  in  September,  171S. 

—  Jamea  Winchester,  ordained  April  19,  1716.     Transported  to  Aldem,  1726. 

—  William  Porteotu,  ordained  December  28,  1727,  died  Janoary  3, 1736. 

—  Robert  Logan,  ordained  September  14,  1738,  died  August  16,  17S9. 

—  Duncan  Shaw,  ordained  May  10,  17ft3.    Troikslated  to  Aberdeen,  November  13, 

1783. 

—  William  Stephen,  admitted  September  9,  1784,  died  September  9, 181S. 
~  George  Mackay,  admitted  May  3, 1816. 

Dallas,  a  Parsonage,  dedicated  to  St  Michael,  and  the  seat  of  the 
Sub-dean.  Sir  Robert  Gordon  of  Gordonstown  is  Patron.  Upon 
the  annexation  of  Altyre  to  Elafford,  Easter  Kelles  nas  annexed  to 
Dallas,  anno  1657;  and  about  1651,  200  merks  of  the  vicarag:e  of 
Aldem  was  made,  and  continues  to  be,  a  part  of  the  stipend  of  Dal- 
las. The  sUpend,*  now  by  decreet  17  ,  including  communion  ele- 
ments, is  £700  Scots.  There  is  no  legal  School.  The  calechisable 
persons  are  about  500.     The  Protestant  ministers  are, 

Mr  William  Thomson,  Reader,  in  Dallas,  anno  1667. 

—  John  Clark,  Reader,  in  Altyre  and  Dallas,  anno  1069. 

—  •William  Paterson,  Minister  and  Sub-Dean,  anno  1074. 

—  Alexander  Richardson,  Minister  in  161 1  and  1617. 

—  Geoi^  dimming,  ordained  about  1624,  died  in  Summer,  1648. 

—  James  Strachan,  ordained  in  Winter,  1649,  died  in  October,  1671. 

—  Alexander  Camming,  ordained  June  13, 1672,  demitted  in  1681,  for  the  Test. 

—  Oeorge  Dunbar,  ordained  October  13, 1681.    Transported  to  Nairn  in  1687. 

—  Thomas  Urquhart,  prirately  ordained,  was  admitted  January  U,  1688,  died  aboot 

1706. 

—  John  Crockat,  ordained  May  9,  1708,  died  April  22,  1748. 

—  Robert  Dalrympte,  ordained  Febmary  23, 1749,  deposed  in  May,  1763. 


*  The  Stipend  is  £99,  lis.  3d.  iterllog,  including  element  monRy.    The  pojiulotion  of  the  pariah  i* 
1015. 


5  F 


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388  THE   ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  PART  VI. 

Mr  James  Hay,  ordained  September  27, 1763,  died  October  20, 1777. 

—  David  Milne,  admitted  July  7, 1778.    TnuiBlated  to  EdinkUlie,  June  27, 1793. 

—  Richard  Rose,  admittMl  May  I,  1794.     Traoalated  to  Dralnie,  July  23,  1816. 

Francis  William  Grant,  admitted  September  26,  1816.    Trandated  to  Banff,  Decem- 
ber 16,  1821. 

—  William  Tnlloch,  admitted  April  11,  1823. 

Forres,  a  ParBonag:e,  dedicated  to  St  Laurence,  and  the  seat  of  the 
Arch-deacon.  The  Earl  of  Moray  is  Patron.  There  was  a  chapel 
about  a  mile  above  the  town,  and  another  at  Log-g;ie.  The  stipend,* 
by  decreet  in  1754,  is  98  bolls  bear,  50  bolls  oat-meal,  £410,  and 
£80  Scots  for  communion  elements.  The  salary  of  the  School  is 
legal.    Examim^le  persons  are  1600.  ■  The  ministers  are, 

Mr  David  Rae,  Minister  in  1663. 

—  John  Fatcarsoa,  Reader  in  1567. 

—  Andrew  Simpson,  Minister  of  Forres  and  Altyre,  1S68. 

—  GariDe  Dnnbar,  Minister  in  Ifi74  and  1S79. 

—  John  Forrester,  Minister  In  lfi90. 

—  Patrick  Tulloch,  in  1613,  died  in  Snmmer,  1646. 

—  Josepb  Brodie,  from  Keith,  admitted  December,  1646,  died  October  27, 1656. 

—  Colin  Falconer,  from  Essil,  admitted  March  24,  1658,  became  Bishop,  1680; 

—  William  Law,  ordained  September  16, 1680,  demitted  in  1690. 

—  nomaa  Thomson,  ordained  abont  1693.    Transported  to  Toiiiff,  1697. 

—  Charles  Primrose,  from  Bellie,  admitted  January,  1706.    Transported  to  E^tn. 

1717. 

—  John  Squire,  ordained,  1713,  adipitted  Jane  17,  1718,  died  Jsnoary  S7, 1758. 

—  .£nea8  Shaw,  from  Fettle,  admitted  December  14, 1758,  died  July  5,  1779. 

—  Alexander  Watt,  from  Aires,  wbnitted  June  33,  1774,  died  May  14,  1791. 

—  John  McDonnell,  from  EdinkUlie,  admitted  June  38, 1792,  died  AprQ  16,  1824. 

—  William  Hoyes,  admitted  September  23, 1624. 

Edinkillie,  a  vicarage  to  the  seat  of  the  Arch-deacon,  and  whereof 
he  was  Patron  and  Titular.  The  minister  of  Forres  presented  Mr 
John  Cumming,  in  1668,  and  Mr  David  Cumming,  in  167!^  and 
tiie  Earl  of  Moray  never  presented  before  the  year  1754.      I  do 


■  The  Stipend  wai  aognteiited,  in  1821,  to  144  bolli  Ont-neal,  144  bolb  Barley,  and  £6, 6s.  Bd.  Ar 
element  money.    The  pqwlation  of  the  pariih  is  3640. 


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SECT.    IV.  THE    PBOTESTANT   CHURCH.  389 

not  find  that  this  parish  was  erected  before  the  Reformation ;  bat 
there  was  a  chapel  at  Duldarie ;  and  the  chapel  of  Logg^ie  Fythe- 
nach,  was  the  Arch-deacon's  vicarage,  (Appendix,  No.  XXVIII.) 
This  and  Ardclach  were,  for  many  years,  one  united  parish,  and 
were  disjoined  aboat  1638.  The  stipend,*  by  decreet  in  1764,  in- 
cluding elelnent  money,  is  750  merks,  and  3  chalders — half  bear, 
half  meal.  There  are  three  charity  schools  erected  in  this  pari^. 
The  examintU>le  persons  are  about  1200.  The  Protestant  minis- 
ters are, 

Mr  Andrew  Bnwn,  ftfinitter  in  1570. 

—  BobeitDtmbar,  Minister  of  EdinkiUie  and  Ardclach  in  1624,  died  in  16S6. 

—  Dftvid  Dunbar,  ordained  Jane  B,  1637,  to  both  parishes.    Tnmsported  to  Num, 

1638. 

—  Joba  Dnnbor,  ordained  to  EdinkilUe,  1638,  died  in  Spring,  1646. 

—  Patrick  Olan,  ordained,  1649,  died  Hait^  18, 1666. 

—  Jobn  Conuning,  ordained  Janoar;  S,  1668.    I^aosported  to  Aldera,  1672. 

—  David  Camming,  ordained  April  20,  1673,  died  in  Sommer,  1699. 

—  Alexander  Shaw,  ordained  Ma;  6, 1703,  died  June  34, 1703. 

—  Aleocandcr  Cool,  ordained  March  13,  1704,  died  July  10, 1790. 

—  Jobn  M'Donnell,  admitted  March  10,  1791.    IWislated  to  Forres,  June  28, 1792. 

—  DaTid  Milne,  from  Dallaa,  admitted  Jane  27,  1793,  died  January  3, 1807. 

—  Thomas  Macftrlane,  from  Brossay,  admitted  October  1, 1807. 

Moy  and  Dyke  were  distinct  parishes  till  Uie  year  1634,  when 
they  were  nnited  by  a  decreet  of  tiic  PlaL  Moy  was  a  Parsonage, 
bat  I  do  not  find  that  l)yke  was  so.  Mr  Campbell  of  Calder  is  un- 
doubted Patron  of  Moy,  by  a  disposition  from  Alexander,  Lord  Spy- 
nie,  anno  1606.  Mr  William  Falconer  seems  to  have  been  settled 
at  Dyke  about  1635 ;  yet,  upon  a  debate  about  teinds,  the  £arl  of 
Dunfermline  presented  him  in  1641,  against  which  Mr  James 
Campbell  of  Moy  protested,  and  the  Synod,  in  1643,  ordered  this 
protestation  to  be  recorded  in  its  proper  place,  in  the  Begister  of 


*  He  stipend  WMHiginented,bi  1809,  to  60  bolb,Sflrlot^  9  pecks  Barley,  and  £123,  6i,  lOd.  sler- 
liag,  including  element  money.    The  pt^laUon  of  the  pui^  i>  18S3. 


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390  THE    ECCLESIASTICAL    HISTORY.  PART   VI. 

Ihe  Presbytery  of  Forres.  In  1674,  Mr  William  Falconer,  the 
Bishop's  son,  was  presented  by  Dunfermline,  and  the  Earl  of  Moray 
wrote  to  the  Bishop,  approving-  his  settlement.  Dunfermline,  as 
Commendator  of  Piuscarden,  and  thereby  Heritor  or  Superior  of 
Grangehill.  might  have  been  Patron  of  Dyke,  and  forfeited  to  the 
Crown ;  but  I  know  not  any  right  that  the  E^rl  of  Mora^  has.  The 
stipend*  is  07  bolls,  3  firlots,  and  500  me»ks,  including*  coimnunion 
elements.  The  School  is  legal.  The  family  of  Brodie  has  bailt  a 
convenient  house,  and  mortified  a  salary,  for  the  education  of  Girls: 
Harry  Vanse,  who  had  long  served  Major  George  Grantof  Conlbin, 
mortified  to  this  parish  £130  Sterling,  for  clothing  twelve  indigeftt 
Boys.  He  mortified  the  like  sum  to  the  Infirmary  at  Edinburgh, 
and  the  same  to  that  of  Aberdeen,  anno  1757.  The  examinable 
persons  are  about  1,400.     The  Protestant  ministers  are, 

Mr  WiUiam  Sutherland,  Minister  in  1564,  1£74,  and  1679. 

—  George  Simpson,  Reader  at  Moy  in  1370. 

—  Alexander  Daff,  Reader  at  Dyke  in  1570. 

—  Harry  Dundass,  Minister  at  Dyke  in  1613. 

—  William  Dunbar,  Minister  at  Moy  in  1613. 

—  William  Falconer,  in  1625,  died  June  18,  1674. 

—  William  Falconer,  ordained  in  England,  admitted  September  23,  1674,  ejected, 

1690. 

—  Alexander  Forbes,  admitted  abont  1691,  died  in  1707. 

—  James  Chalmers,  ordained  September  14,  1709.    Transported  to  Aberdeen  in  1726. 

—  Robert  Dunbar,  ordained  September  23,  1727,  died  April  23,  1782.t 

—  John  Dunbar,  from  Knockando,  admitted  May  6, 1788,  died  November  6,  1807. 

—  David  Brichan,  D.D.,  admitted  February  3,  1814,  died  May  26,  1820. 

—  Mail  Aitken,  admitted  Aogost  30,  1821. 

The  General  Assembly,  1773,  disjoined  from  Forres  the  parishes 
of  Ardclach,  Aldern,  and  Nairn, — from  Inverness,  Calder,  and  Croy ; 


'  The  SKpend  wu  aDgmented,  In  ISll,  (o  38  bolls,  2  flrloti  O^t-meal,  137  bolls,  3  firlols  Barley, 
£42, 8s.  6d.  sterling,  and  £S,  6s.  Bd.  for  element  money.    The  population  of  ffte  parish  is  1460. 

t  The  long  vscaucy  in  the  parish  of  Dyke,  from  the  dexth  of  Mr  Robert  Dnnhar  to  the  Bettlemenl  <rf 
Mr  Ji^  Dunbar,  was  occasioned  b]r  n  dispute  concerniiig  the  right  of  Patronage. 


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SECT.    IV.  THE   PROTESTANT  OHITBCH.  391 

and  from  Chanonry,  Ardersier;  and  erected  these  six  into  the  Pres- 
bytery of  Nairn. 

PBESBYTERY  OF  NAIRN. 

Ardclaeh.  a  Vicarage,  whereof  Uie  minister  of  Rafibrd  was  Titular, 
and»  probably.  Patron,  (Appendix,  No.  XLVII.)  Brodie  of  Lethin, 
as  Patron  <tf  Bafford,  acted  as  Patron  of  Ardclaeh.  I  do  not  find, 
that  Ardclaeh  was  called  a  parish  before  the  Beformation.  The 
chapels  of  Femes  and  Lethin,  depending  on  the  Dean  of  Aldern, 
seem  to  have  been  the  places  of  worship,  (Appendix,  No.  XXVIII), 
and  die  church  of  Ardclaeh  was  built  in  1626.  The  stipend,*  by  a- 
greement,  is  a  ehalder  of  meal,  and  620  merks,  including  element 
money.  Hie  Protestant  ministers,  since  the  diqunction,  are  as  be- 
low. There  is  a  legal  School.  And  the  examinable  persons  are 
abont  900. 

Mr  Winiam  Brawn,  Beuler  in  1S70. 

—  Willlua  Simpaon,  Vicar  in  Ifi8& 

—  Doasld  MacpheiWH],  ordained,  1638.    Transported  to  Calder  in  1642. 

—  George  Balfour,  ord^ned  in  1642,  died  Jannaiy  4, 1680. 

—  Patrick  Grant,  ordained  Angnst  12, 1660,  died  in  September,  1715. 

—  Jofan  DimcansMi,  ordained  S^tember  13, 1716.    Transported  to  Pettie  in  1728, 

—  William  Baron,  admitted  April  24, 1729,  died  Febniaiy,  1779. 

—  William  Shaw,  admitted  October  14,  1779,  demitted  Aognst  1, 1780. 

—  Donald  Mitdiell,  admitted  May  3, 1761,  died  June  92,  1811. 

—  HugliMacbeaa,  adinitted  September  10, 1812. 

Aldern,  a  Parsonage,  and  the  seat  of  Uie  Dean.  Id  1650,  some 
parts  of  this  large  parish  were  annexed  to  Nurn,  Gaidar,  and  Ard- 
claeh. The  Patronage  was  disponed,  by  Lord  Spynie,  to  Dunbar 
of  Gnmge,  and  by  him  to  Hay  of  Park,  from  whom  it  came  to  the 


■  TbeBtipeDdifaiaiigmented,laI817,  lolI2buUlOa(•neal,USbldltfiarierl«lld£8,6l.8d.lb^ 
clnlMnt  mone]'.    ThapopulatiootfflheparUili  1S87. 

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392  THE   ECCLESIASTICAL   MISTORV.  PART  TI. 

family  of  Brodie.  The  stipend,*  by  decreet  in  1755,  is  6  chalden. 
half  bear,  half  meal,  400  merks,  10  merks  for  the  Dean's  crook,  near 
Elgin,  14  wedderi*,  and  £60  for  communion  elements.  The  School 
is  leg;al.  Examinable  persons  are  about  1400.  The  Protestant 
ministers  are, 

Mr  Alexander  DnnlMr,  Dean  of  Monj  in  1S60, 1574,  and  1986. 

—  William  Reoch,  Ezhorter  at  Aldem  and  Nain  in  lfi70. 

—  Thomas  DanlMr,  Miniater  and  Dean  in  1613. 

—  John  Brodie,  Minister  and  Dean  in  16^,  died  January  7,  1653. 

—  Hairy  Forbes,  from  Wick,  admitted  October  10,  16SS,  demltted  in  1663. 

—  George  Hannay,  from  Inveravon,  admitted  July  4, 1664,  died  in  1669. 

John  Commine,  from  Eklinkillie,  admitted  February  14,  1673,  demitted  in  1689. 

Thomas  Kay,  ordained  in  the  South,  admitted  April  17, 1683,  e^qjeDed  in  1690. 

—  Alexander  Donbar,  admitted  in  1690,  died  in  1708. 

—  David  Hoidenon,  ordained  September  13, 1709,  died  in  June,  1737. 

—  James  Wiocheriler,  from  Rafford,  admitted  May  13,  1736.    Tranapofted  to  Elgin, 

1730. 
Alexander  Irvine,  from  St  Andrews,  admitted  Janoaiy  7,  1791.    'nvispoitBd  to 

Elgin,  173S. 
_  Donald  Mmro,  radained  S^itember  23, 1736.    Transported  to  Tayne  in  1740. 
lliomai  Gordon,  from  Cabracb,  admitted  February  IS,  1747,  died  November  25, 

1793. 

John  Paterson,  admitted  August  28,  1794,  died  December  13, 1813. 

William  Barclay,  admitted  September  28, 1814. 

Nairn,  a  vicarage,  anciently,  CapeUa  de  Innemarin,  depending 
on  the  Dean  of  Moray,  who  was  Patron  and  Titular.  In  1687,  Mr 
George  Dunbar  was  presented  by  the  Dean ;  and  now  the  Laird  of 
Brodie,  as  Patron  of  Aldem,  claims  the  right,  and  did  present  io 
1750.  The  Virgin's  chapel  at  Geddes,  was  built,  anno  1330,  and  in 
1475,  Pope  Sextos  IV.  granted  a  Bull,  dispensing  with  a  hundred 
days  of  penancS,  for  every  visit  pwd  to  it,  on  the  day  of  Assumption, 
Nativity,  &c.  or  for  repairing  the  building.    The  8tipend,f  by  de- 

•  The  SHpend  was  angmeatod,  ia  1812,  to  91  boU.  OaUmW,  86  boUi  Barley,  £43, 4i.  Bd.  iterUat, 
and  £8,  6«.  8d.  for  etotnent  money.    The  population  of  the  paririi  i»  1623. 

t  The  Stipend  wai  M«meated,  to  1810,  to  104  boli«  Oat-meal,  72  boll»  Bariey,  «0  ilerUiiS,  a«l 
«,  6fc  Sd.  fa  element  money.    The  popnlatiOBofthepariAUSaSS. 


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SHOT.  IT.  THE  PROTESTANT  CHURCH.  303 

creet,  is  80  boUs  -of  bear,  £500,  and  JC50  for  commonion  elements. 
The  School  ia  ]eg:al.  Examinable  persona  are  about  1300.  Hie 
Protestant  ministers  are, 

Ur  Jtdm  Youngs,  Exhoitar  in  IMS. 

—  WilUsm  Reoch,  Eiliorter  in  Aldem  and  Nairn  in  1570. 

—  Andrew  B«lfoaT,  Minuter  in  IS98. 

—  John  Sanden,  Mtnloter  in  1624,  died  about  1637. 

—  David  Donbu,  from  EdinUUit^  admitted,  1638,  died,  1663. 

—  Hugh  Rose,  ordained  Jannary  4,  IS60,  as  Aaaistant,  died  December,  1686. 

—  Geoi|;e  Dnnbar,  from  Dallaa;  admitted  Ma;  26, 1687,  died  December,  1 728. 

—  Alexander  Rose,  ordained  Joly  7, 1730,  died  December  16, 1767. 

—  Patrick  Donbar,  oididned  April  13, 1759,  died  July  19,  1787. 

—  John  Morrison,  admitted  March  SO,  1788,  died  Jane  29,  1814. 

—  James  Gran^  admitted  July  10, 1815. 

Arderuer,  a  Parsonage  in  the  Presbytery  of  Chanonrie,  and  the 
seat  of  the  Sub-dean  of  Ross.  The  Laird  of  Calder  is  Patron,  by  a 
right  from  Keith  of  Ravenscraig,  anno  1500.  This  parish  was  an- 
nexed to  the  Synod  of  Moray  in  1705 ;  but  soon  after  disjoined. 
The  stipend*  is  80  trails  of  victual,  and  about  £30  of  vicarage.  The 
examinable  persons,  without  Ae  precinct  of  Uie  Fort,  are  about  400. 
There  is  no  School.  And  the  ministers,  since  the  Revolution  in 
1688,  are, 

Mr  Jtibia  Dallas,  Snb.Dean  in  1688,  died  about  16d3. 

—  TiifflT*<"'  Macbean,  from  Calder,  admitted,  1690,  dei»ired  in  1706. 

—  Hugh  Campbell,  ordained  in  1707.    IVanaported  to  Eilteam  in  1708. 

—  Donald  Beaton,  ordained  in  1713.    Transported  to  Roeekeneio  1717. 

—  Alexander  Falecmer,  ordained  in  1718.    Transported  to  Femlovh  in  1738. 

—  Dmuan  Madntosh,  ordained  in  1729,  died  in  1736. 

—  Jamea  Calder,  orduned  in  1737.    Transported  to  Crc^,  ^747. 

—  Dtmald  Brodie,  ordained  May  11, 1749.    Transported  to  Calder,  1702. 

—  Harry  Gordon,  ord^ed  April  0, 1707,  died  March  10, 1764. 

—  Walter  Morrison,  ordained,  1763,  admitted  September  27,  1764,  died  May  14, 1780. 

—  Pryce  Campbell,  admitted  March  33, 1781. 


■  The  Stipend  was  augmeated,  in  181S,  to  £117i  I6i.  M.  «lerling,  bcluding  element  money.     The 
population  of  Uie  parish  is  1387. 


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394  THE    BCCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  .PART  Tl. 

Calder,  a  parsona^,  dedicated  to  St  Ewan,  whereof  the  Lurd  of 
Calder  ia  Patron,  by  a  disposition  froni  the  Lord  Spjnie»  anno 
1606.  The  parish  was  called  Bar-Emant  i.  e.  Saint,  or  £xcellei^ 
Ewan.  The  church  stood  in  the  south  end  till  the  year  1019.  Sir 
John  Campbell,  being:  "^  danger  by  water,  coming  from  Yla,  rowed, 
if  be  arrived  safe  at  Calder.  he  would  build  a  church  io  the  centre 
of  the  parish,  which  he  performed  that  same  year.  There  was,  at 
Old  Calder,  a  Chapel  of  Ease.  In  the  court  of  the  castle  was  a 
private  chapel ;  and  at  Dallas,  in  the  Streins,  was  a  Free  Chi^l, 
with  a  Glebe  and  a  proper  stipend.  The  east  end  of  this  palish  was 
disjoined  from  Aldem,  and  annexed  to  Calder,  anno  1650.  The 
stipend,*  by  decreet  in  1T32,  is  20  bolls  bear,  20  bolls  meal,  A50 
merks,  and  £50  for  communion  elements.  .  The  School  is  l^;al. 
Examinable  persons  700.     The  ministers  are, 

Mr  Allan  BfacintMb,  ExborUr  in  1066,  Fmsob  in  U8>  and  U86. 

—  Andrew  Balfoor,  HiniBteT  in  1693,  died  aboat  162S. 

—  GKlbert  Hendentm,  In  1626.    Transpoited  in  1641. 

—  Donald  Macpheraon,  Trom  Arddach,  admitted  in  1642,  died  is  December,  1686. 

—  Laochlan  Macbean,  ordained  in  Septanber,  1687.    TVanspoited  to  Ardenier,  168& 

—  Jam«e  Chapman,  ordained,  1609.    Transported  to  Cromdale  In  1702. 

—  John  Calder,  ordained  in  1704,  died  in  March,  1717. 

—  Lanchlan  Shaw,  from  Eingnaie,  admitted  Norembet  19,  1719.  Tnmqioited  to  Klgii^ 

1^4. 

—  Patrick  Grant,  ordained  Hay  7, 1736.    I^anpoited  to  Urmy  in  1749. 

—  Donald  Brodie,  from  ArdersieT,  admitted  Hay  13,  17<9,  died  May  91, 1771. 

—  Kenneth  Hacauly,  from  Ardnamorchoan,  admitted  NoTembei  17,  1773,  died  Mareb 

3, 1779. 

—  Alexander  Gran^  admitted  Haidt  13, 1780. 

Croy  and  Dalcross  were  distinct  parishes,  and  have  still  a  Glebe 
in  each  ;  bat  I  find  not  how  early  they  were  united.  Croy  was  a 
parsonage,  on  which  Moy  in  Smthern  depoided  as  a  vicarage. 


■  Hm  Stlpeiid  li  40  Mb  Oat-meal,  40  bolli  Barley,  and  £75,  U*.  Id.  iterihig,  hKlnding  elemwt 
Moy.    Tile  ptfulatioa  of  the  paiUib  112a 


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8BCT.    IV.  THE    PROTBSTANT   CHURCH.  305 

DalcroBB  was  a  vicarage,  depending-  on  the  Prior  of  Urquhart ;  and 
in  1343,  there  was  an  agreement  between  the  Prior  of  Urquhart, 
and  the  Baron  of  Kilravock,  that  the  Vicar  of  Dealg-an-Roas,  now 
Balcross,  sbonld  officiate  in  the  private  chapel  of  Kllrarock.  The 
Laird  of  Calder  is  Patron  of  Dalcrosa,  by  a  disposition  from  Alex- 
ander, Earl  of  Dunfermline  and  Lord  Urquhart  in  1610;  and  be 
likewise  claims  the  patronage  of  Croy,  for  Kilravock  hag  few  acts  of 
possession.  There  was  in  the  South  of  the  parish,  a  Chapel  of  Ease, 
called  Ril-Doich.  i.  e.  Dorothy's  Church,  another  io  the  North  at 
Chapeltown;  and,  probably,  there  was  at  Kilravock,  a  chapel,  dedi- 
cated to  one  of  the  name  Ravock.  The  stipend,*  by  decreet,  is  5 
chalders  bear,  500  merks,  and  50  raerks  for  communion  elements. 
The  School  is  legal.  Examinable  persons  1,800.  The  ministers 
are, 

Mr  James  Vaose,  K^der  «t  Croy  and  Moy,  anno  1567. 

—  Patrick  liddel,  MiniBter  at  Croy  in  1680. 

—  James  Vaoae,  from  Dunlicl^e,  admitted  in  1618,  died  in  1660. 

—  Hagb  Fraser,  ordained  in  Decanber,  1662,  died  about  1699. 

—  Alrauinder  Fraser,  ordained  in  Spring,  1703.    Transported  to  FeratoBh  in  1715. 

—  Ferchaid  Beaten,  ordained  in  Winter,  1718,  died  in  Febraary,  1746. 

—  James  Calder,  from  Arderder,  admitted  April  28, 1747,  died  December  34,  1775. 

—  Hugh  Calder,  admitted  September  34,  1778,  died  August  31,  1822. 

—  Alexander  Campbell,  admitted  July  3,  1823. 

PRESBYTERY  OF  INVERNESS. 

Moy  and  Dalarasie  were  distioct  parishes,  and  there  is  still  a  Glebe 
in  each :  How  early  they  were  united,  I  find  not.  Kilravock,  as 
Patron  of  Croy  on  which  Moy  depended,  claims  the  patronage,  but 
I  know  not  by  what  right.     The  stipendf  is  800  merks,  and  50 


*  The  SUpend  wu  iniiniMnted  la  1834,  to  138  bolU  Oa^mea1,  128  bolls  Barley,  and  £8,  6s.  Bd.  for 
element  money.    Tlie  population  of  the  pariah  is  1S38. 

t  The  Stipend  was  augmeuled,  in  1812,  to  96  bolls  Oat-meal,  %  bolls  Bailey,  and  £8,  61.  8d.  for 
element  money.    The  pupulaticm  of  the  parish  Is  1332. 

5H 


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396  THE    ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  PART   VI. 

merke  for  communion  elements.    There  is  no  School.     The  exa- 
minable persons  are  1,000.     The  ministers  are. 

Mi  Andrew  Dow  Fraaer.    TruiBported  to  Bolesldn  in  1634. 

—  LaQchlan  Gnmt,  ordained  in  1637.    I'nuiBportad  to  KingoBie  in  1649. 

—  Roderick  Mackenzie,  ordained  in  1653,  died  in  Febraar;,  1680. 

—  Alexander  Cumming,  ordained  in  May,  16S0,  died  April  37, 1709. 

—  James  Leslie,  ordained  in  August,  1716,  died  Octc^r  38,  1766. 

—  James  Macintosh,  ordained  July  14,  1767,  deposed  May  38, 1787. 

—  William  M'Bean,  admitted  August  6,  1788.    Translated  to  Alvie,  October  11, 1793. 

—  Hugb  Mackay,  admitted  April  25,  1793,  died  March  7,  1804. 

—  James  M'Lachlan,  admitted  September  3, 1806. 

Daviot  and  Dunlichtie  were  distinct  parishes,  nnited  aboat  the 
year^618,  and  the  Minister  has  a  Glebe  in  each.  Dunlichtie  was 
a  parsonage,  of  which  the  Laird  of  Calder  is  Patn)n.  Dariot  was  a 
common  Kirk.  The  Bishop  presented  Mr  Alexander  Eraser  in 
1664,  and  having;  presented  Mr  Michael  Fraser  in  1673,  Calder 
obliged  the  Bishop  to  annul  the  settlement,  to  declare  the  church 
vacant,  and  then  Calder  presented  the  same  Mr  Michael  Fraser. 
The  stipend,*  including  communion  elements,  is  1.000  merks.  The 
School  is  legal.  Macphul  of  Inverarnie  has  morti6ed  400  merks ; 
and  Macintosh  of  Farr  300  merks,  for  the  poor.  Examinable  per- 
sons are  about  1,000.    The  ministers  are, 

Mr  John  Dow  Macdosachie,  Reader,  anno  1569. 

—  Hugh  Gregory,  Parson  of  Lundicbty,  anno  ld79. 

—  James  Vanse,  Parson  in  1613,    Transported  to  Croy  in  1616. 

—  Alexander  Thomson,  Minister  in  1626,  deposed  in  I&16. 

—  Alexander  Rose,  orduned  in  1647,  died  in  1660. 

—  Alexander  Fraser,  ordained  August  31,  1664,  deprived,  1672,  lor  Non-confbnnity. 

—  Michael  Fraser,  ordained  February  19, 1673,  died  in  April,  1736. 

—  James  Fraser,  ordained  March  13,  1729,  died  Jmie  18,  1736. 

—  John  Campbell,  ordained  January  14,  1738,  died  November  4,  1759. 

—  Patrick  Grant,  ordained.April  22,  1761.    Transported  to  Boleskin,  May  10, 1770. 


*  The  Stipend  was  augmented,  in  1612,  to  73  bolls  Oat-meal,  73  bolls  Baiiey,  £66, 13s.  4d.  steriiBf, 
d  £B,  61.  8d,  for  eleiaent  mcney.    The  papuUtim  of  the  parish  it  1750. 


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SECT.   IV.  THE   PROTESTANT   CHURCH.  397 

—  Alexander  Gnat,  admitted  April  2,  1771.    Translated  to  Calder,  Maich  30, 1780. 

—  Alexander  Gordon,  odmilted  April  19, 1781,  died  April  3, 1801. 

—  James  Macphail,  admitted  May  13, 1802. 

Petty  and  Brachlie  were  distinct  charges,  and  have  distinct  Glebes. 
Petty  is  a  Parsona^,  dedicated  to  St  Coluim,  and  Bracblie  a  Vicar- 
ag;e  depending  thereon.  The  Earl  of  Moray  is  Patron,  The  stipend* 
18  80  bolls  bear,  500  merka,  and  50  merks  for  communion  elements. 
The  School  is  legal.  The  examinable  persons  are  about  1,100.  The 
Protestant  ministers  are, 

Mr  Andrew  Braboner,  Exhorter  in  1068. 

—  James  Dunbar,  Parson  in  IfiTS. 

—  Donald  Macqneen,  in  1613,  died  about  1630. 

—  Alexander  Fraser,  ordained  in  1633,  died  in  Snmmer,  1683. 

—  Alexander  Dennne,  ordained  privatdf,  admitted  April  20, 1684,  depoaed,  1706,  died 

1718. 

—  Daniel  Mackenzie,  from  Inveravon,  admitted  October  8, 1719.  Transported  to  Inver. 

ness,  1797. 

—  John  DimcansoD,  from  Ardclach,  admitted  June  18, 1738,  died  May  6, 1737. 

—  Ijewis  Ch^man,  from  Alvie,  admitted,  1738,  died  April  19, 1741. 

—  .£neaB  Shaw,  from  Comrie,  admitted  June  8, 1742.    Transported  to  Forres  in  1758. 
^  J(dm  Morison,  ordained  an  Itinerant  admitted  August  31,  1759,  died  November  9| 

1774. 

—  WUliam  Smith,  admitted  September  6,  I77d. 

Inverness  is  a  Parsonage,  dedicated  to  the  Virgin  Mary;  and,  in 
1018,  the  parish  of  Bona,  likewise  a  Parsonage,  was  annexed  to  it 
by  the  Plat.f  Lord  Spynie,  Patron  of  Bona,  did,  in  1623,  dispone 
his  right  to  Fraser  of  Strichen,  who,  as  Vice- Patron,  presented  Mr 
John  Annand  in  1640;  and  the  Synod  of  Moray,  in  1648,  found  that 
the  other  Vice  belonged  to  the  Crown.  Yet,  after  this,  the  family  of 
Seafort  claimed  a  Vice,  but  by  what  right,  I  find  not ;  and,  in  1674, 


*  Tbe  stipend  was  augmented,  la  1S06,  to  72  bolls  Oat-meal,  72  bolls  Barley,  £50  sterling,  and 
£8, 6s.  8A.  (or  element  money.    The  population  at  the  parish  is  1758. 

t  Tbe  word  Plat,  means  snch  Meml>eis  of  Parliament  as  were  appointed  to  modify  Stipends,  or  annex 
or  disjoin  parisheh 


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398  THE    ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY-  PART   TL 

the  Lord  Rintul  presented  Mr  Gilbert  Marshal.  But  in  a  Sub- 
Synod,  at  Forres,  in  1674,  the  Bishop  produced  two  letters  to  bim 
from  the  Primate,  discbarg^ing^  bim  to  plant  the  church  of  Inverness 
upon  Seafort's  presentation :  And  yet,  in  1688,  Seafort  presented 
Mr  Hector  Mackenzie.  Now,  by  the  forfeiture  of  Seafort  and  of 
Lord  Lovat,  to  whom  it  is  said  Strieben  bad  sold  the  patronage  with 
bis  lands,  both  vices  have  come  to  the  Crown,  and  the  third  charge 
is  a  Royal  gift,  the  Patronage  of  which^  without  doubt,  is  in  the 
Crown.  I  have  not  found  two  ministers  in  Inverness  before  1638. 
For  many  years  after  the  Reformation,  few  towns  had  more  than  one 
Minister,  one  Manse,  and  one  Glebe ;  but  a  second  Glebe  and  Manse, 
at  Inverness,  were  obtfuned  as  follows, — "Messrs  John  Annand  and 
Murdoch  Mackenzie,  with  consent  of  Strieben  the  Patron,  and  James 
Cuthbert  of  Drakies,  Provost,  and  James  Rose  of  Markinch,  one  of 
the  Bailies,  Commissioners  from  the  Town  fuid  Presbytery  of  In- 
verness, in  the  General  Assembly  held  at  Aberdeen,  in  August  1640, 
did,  with  the  approbation  of  the  Assembly,  agree  that  the  whole 
stipend,  due  to  the  said  ministers,  for  the  year  1640,  with  the  sum  of 
700  merks  advanced  by  the  Magistrates,  should  be  laid  oat  in  par- 
chasing  a  Manse  and  Glebie  for  the  said  Mr  Annand,  and  bis  succes- 
sors in  office,  which  was  accordingly  done."  This  deed  is,  at  large, 
recorded  in  the  Synod  Register.  The  stipend*  of  two  ministers,  by 
decreet  in  1755,  is,  to  each,  84  bolls,  1  firlot,  3  pecks,  2  lippies  of 
meal,  and  £401,  Os.  8d.,  with  £50  to  each  for  communion  elements. 
In  the  year  1706,  a  living  for  a  third  minister  was  obtained  as  follows : 
Mr  Robert  Bailie,  one  of  the  ministers,  understood  not  the  Erse 
language,  and  Mr  Hector  Mackenzie,  the  other  minister,  was  super- 
annuated, by  which  means  the  Irish  people  were  totally  neglected  ; 
wherefore  the  Queen,  by  her  royal  gift,  dated  October  4, 1706,  grant- 


*  The  stipend  wia  augmented  h  1820,  (o  1S3  bolU  t»t-mea1, 153  bolli  barley,  and  £10  iilerling  for 
element  monef,  toeach  of  the  AHnisten,    The  pi^latlon  of  tb«  pariah  ii  12,294. 


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BECT.   IT.  THE   PROTESTANT  CHURCH.  390 

ed  Out  of  the  rents  of  the  Bishopric  of  Moray,  the  sam  of  £881,  Is. 
Od.  Scots,  annnally,  as  a  maintenance  for  a  third  Minister ;  bnt  he 
hM  no  allowance  for  a  Manse,  or  Glebe,  or  ccHumnnion  elements. 

The  three  ministers  are  colleagues,  keep  one  general  session  or 
consistory,  and  agree  upon  a  partition  of  their  ministerial  work. 

There  are  in  the  town  a  Grammar  School,  and  a  School  for  teach- 
ing English,  Writing,  Arithmetic,  <&c. ;  and  the  Charity  School 
erected  by  the  donation  of  Mr  John  Buning  of  Norwich,  merchant, 
who  mortified  £1,200  sterling,  is  fixed  in  this  town. 

There  is  a  valuable  library,  the  donation,  munly.  of  Dr  Bray,  and 
Mr  James  Fraser,  son  of  Mr  Alexander  Fraser,  some  time  minister 
at  Peftie,  who  not  only  gave  many  books,  but  likewise  a  sum  of  money 
to  purchase  more,  and  afford  a  salary  for  the  keeper  of  the  library. 

The  principal  stock  of  the  Hospital  of  luTcmess,  in  bonds,  lands, 
imd  fishing,  at  Martinmas  1740,  was  £2,303,  3s.  Od.  sterling.  Item, 
a  separate  rent  paid  out  of  the  weigh-houHe  and  Hospital  Garden. 
annually,  £3,  6b.  8d.  sterling.  The  Lurd  of  Mackintosh's  raOTtifi' 
cation  in' the  trust  of  the  Hospital  Treasurer,  is,  of  principal,  £160, 
13b.  4d.  sterling.  Cieorge  Duncan's  mortification  is  £200  Scots, 
annually,  whereof  one-half  towards  repairing  the  church,  and  the 
other  to  maintain  boys  at  Raining's  School. 

With  respect  to  the  succession  of  ministers,  I  have  net  found  any 
minister  in  Bona  before  the  junction  of  the  parishes,  except  Mr 
Thomas  Innes,  who  was  Parson  of  Bona  in  1598.  Mr  William 
Cloggie  was  brought  to  Inverness  in  1620,  and  served  with  faith- 
fiilnesa  till  1640,  when  some  of  the  heritors  and  magistrates  entered  a 
complaint  against  him  before  the  Synod  of  Moray,  from  which  he 
was  honourably  assoilized  ;  but  judged  himself  so  ill  used,  that  he 
would  serve  no  longer  in  that  town ;  and,  therefore  demitted  his 
charge.  Of  Mr  Angus  Macbean's  conduct  I  shall  speak  afterwards. 
At  the  Revolution  Mr  John  Macgilligin  preached  for  some  time  at 
Inverness,  but  was  not  setUed,  and  died  June  8,  1689.     Likewise 

5  I 


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400  THB   BCCLCSIASTICAL   HISTORY.  PART  VI. 

Mr  James  Fraser  of  Brae,  preached  there  for  some  time,  but  was 
not  settled  mioister.  The  number  of  examinable  persons  in  town 
and  parish  to  Landward  is  about  6.000.  The.  Protestant  minist^ 
are, 

Mr  Thomas  Howeson,  Minister  in  Id68  and  159a 
.—  Tliomafl  Innefl,  PareoD  of  Bona  in  1698. 

—  James  Bishop,  Minister  in  1617. 

—  William  Clofgie,  fnMU  Inyeraron,  admitted  in  1620,  demitted  in  1840. 

—  Geo^  Monro,  Irish  Minister,  ordained,  1638,  demitted  in  1640,  Tar  want  ofmain- 

tainance. 

—  Murdoch  Mackenzie,  from  Contane,  admitted,  1640.     Transported  to  Elgin  in  164S. 

—  John  Annand,  from  Donbenan,  admitted,  1640,  died  in  November,  1660. 

—  Duncan  M'Culloch,  ordained,  1643.    Transported  to  Urquhart,  1647,  for  want  «f 

maintainance. 

—  William  Fraser,  orduned,  1648,  died  in  September,  1669. 

—  James  Sutherland,  orduned  in  April,  1660,  died  in  September,  1673. 

—  Alexander  Cle^  ordained  in  April,  1663,  died  in  Septem^be^  1683. 

—  Gilbert  Marshall,  Tram  Cromdsle,  admitted  in  September,  1674,  died  about  1690. 

—  Angus  Macbean,  prirately  osdained,  admitted  December  39,  1683,  demitted  in  1687. 

—  Hector  Mackenzie,  from  Kingiuie,  admitted  May  8,  1688,  died  Jane  14, 1719. 

—  Robert  Bailie,  from  Lambinton,  admitted  in  1701,  died  Febm^ijr  1 1, 1736. 

—  William  Stewart,  from  KUteani,  admitted  in  1705.    Transported  to-Kilteam  in 
'       '  1726. 

■  '         —  Alexander  Macbean,  from  Doa^^,  admitted  November,  1720,  died  NOTOmber-  2; 
1762. 

—  Alexander  Fraser,  from  Femtoata,  admitted  April  4,  1727,  died  May  6,  1700. 

—  Daniel  Mackenzie,  from  Petti^  admitted  October  10,  1727,  died  Much  21, 1730. 

—  Williun  Bailie,  ordained  July  22,  1731,  died  May  14, 1739. 

—  Murdoch  Mackouie,  from  Dingwall,  admitted  Jn^  13, 1742,  died  April  7, 1774. 

—  James  Orutt,  ordained  April  14,  17fi2,  died  December  14,  that  same  year. 

—  Alexander  Fraser,  from  Aroch,  admitted  November  13, 17fi4. 
~~  Robert  Rose,  orduned  September  27,  1763. 

—  Geo^e  Watson,  fnaa  KUteam,  admitted,  1770. 

Invemeea — ^irgt  Charge. 

Mr  Robert  Rose  died  Angust  2,  1799. 

—  Patrick  Grant,  admitted  September,  1800.    Translated  to  Eiltsiiitie,  December  ^ 

1800. 

—  Alexander  Fraser.   Translated  from  the  Second  Charge  of  Inverness,  March  S,  1801, 

died  May  20,  1821. 

—  Thomas  Fraser.    TransUted  from  the  Third  Charge  of  Inveraess,  November  6,  182E. 


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HOT.    IV.  THE    PROTESTANT   CHUKCH.  401 

Inveme99 — Second  Charge. 

Mr  Alexander  Frnser  died  Janoary  12, 1778. 

—  George  Watson.    Translated  from  the  Third  Cha^  of  Inremefls,  July  7, 1 778,  died 

February  6, 1796. 

—  Alexander  Fra»er.    Translated  from  the  Third  Charge  of  IiiTerDess,  Augnst  3, 1798. 

Traiutated  to  the  First  Charge  of  Inverness,  March  fi,  1801. 
. —  Alexander  Rose.    Translated  from  the  Third  Charge  of  Inverness,  April  7, 1801. 

Iwoemem — Third  Charge. 

Mr  Alexander  Fraser,  admitted  September  33,  1 778.    Translated  to  the  Second  Chai^  of 
InvemeBS,  July  3,  1798. 

—  Alexander  Rose,  admitted  September  18,  1798.    Translated  to  the  Second  Charge  of 

Inverness,  April  7,  I80I. 

—  Thomas  Fnuer,  admitted  December  15,  1801.    Translated  (o  the  First  Charge  of 

Invemeaa,  November  6,  1821. 

—  Alexander  Clark,  admitted  March  21,  1822. 

Dams,  a  parsonage  in  the  gift  of  the  Prior  of  Urquhart,  and  now 
the  Laird  of  Calder  is  Patron  by  a  disposition  from  Alexander,  Earl 
of  Dunfermline  Lord  Urquhart,  in  1610.  The  stipend*  is  48  bolls 
of  meal,  650  merks,  with  dO  merks  for  communion  elements.  The 
School  is  legal.  Examinable  persons  are  about  1100.  The  Pro- 
testant ministers  are, 

Mr  James  Dow,  Reader  in  Durris  and  BcJeekin  in  1967. 

—  Alexander  Thomson,  Minister  at  Dorris,  1617. 

—  Patrick  Dunbar,  Minister  in  1618,  died  in  1658. 

-—  WiUiam  Cummine,  ordained  in  1663.    Transported  in  1664. 
^  -~  James  Smith,  ordained  in  March,  1 66(ii  demitted  in.  1682,  on  account  of  the  I'est. 

—  Thomas  Fraser,  orduned  privately,  admitted  March  11,  1683,  died  in  May,  1729. 

—  Archibald  Bannontine,  from  Ardchattan,  admitted  September  14,  1731,  died  June 

20,  1752. 

—  John  Glass,  ordained  May  1,  1763,  died  November  17,  1784. 

—  John  Mackillican,  admitted  September  23,  1760,  died  June  13,  1819. 

—  Alexander  Campbell,  admitted  March  28,  1620.     Translated  to  Cmy,  July,  1833. 

—  David  Fraser,  admitted  September  25,  1823. 


*  The  StipemI  ta  now  £153,  63.  Bd.  aterllug,  IncludbK  element  money.    The  population  of  the  pariA 
U  1S73. 


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402  THE   EOCLKSIASTICAL   HISTORY.  PART  Tl. 

Kirkhill.  formerly  the  parishes  of  Wardlav  and  Fearnua,  a  par- 
sonage, dedicated  to  the  VirgiD  Mary.  This  church  stood  formerly 
at  Dunbalach,  a  mile  up  the  river,  and  was  dedicated  to  St  Maurice. 
1  have  seen,  in  the  hands  of  Mr  Fraser  of  IHtnbalaoh,  a  Papal  Boll, 
dated  anno  1210,  for  translating  the  church  of  Manritas,  fivm  Dun- 
balach to  Wardlaw.  Wardlaw  parish  made  the  west  end  of  the  pre- 
sent parish ;  and  Fearnua  (in  Erse  Et^luia  ^eamic,  so  called,  either 
from  some  legendary  Saint,  or  from  Fearn,  i.  e.  the  Adder  Tree, 
which  abounds  there)  made  the  east  end  ;  and  they  were  united  in 
1618.  Lord  Lovat  was,  and  the  Ring' now  is  Patron.  The  stipend* 
is,  including  element  money,  56  bolls,  half  hear,  and  half  meal,  4D0 
merka,  and  vicarage  worth  ISO  merks.  The  School  is  legal.  The 
number  of  examinable  persons  is  800.  The  Protestant  ministers 
are. 

Sir  William  (an  Ecclesiaadcel  Knight)  Dow  Fiuer,  at  Wardlaw,  died  aboOt  168& 
Mr  Donald  Dow  Fruer,  at  Wardlaw,  from  IS89  to  1600. 

—  Andrew  Macpfaail,  at  Feanina,  anno  1S89,  died  about  1606. 

—  Bartfaolmnew  Robertson,  at  Wardlaw,  from  1 601  to  1610. 

—  Jofan  Houston,  ordained  in  i6il,  died  in  December,  16S9. 

—  James  Fraser,  ordained  in  1661,  died  in  October,  1709. 

_  Robert  Thomson,  from  Clyde,  admitted  April  3, 1717,  died  April  30, 1770,  aged  aS. 

—  Alexander  Fraser,  orduned  May  6,  1773,  died  Janoary  13, 180a. 

—  Donald  Fraser,  admiUed  September  2S,  )902. 

Kiltarlitie  and  Conveth,  seem  to  have  been  distinct  parishes,  but 
how  early  united  I  find  not.  Conveth  was  a  vicarage  depending  on 
the  Priory  of  Beaulie.  Kiltarlitie  a  parsonage*  dedicated  to  St 
Thalargus.  Lord  Lovat  was,  and  the  King  now  is  Patron.  The 
Btipend.f  by  decreet  in  1635,  is  48  bolls  meal.  300  merks,  400  merks 
vicarage,  and  30  merks  for  communion  elements.     The  salary  of 


*  llie  Stipend  wai  auKmented  in  1618,  to  120  bolls  Oat-meal,  130  bolla  Barley,  and  £8, 69.  Sd.  fV 
dement  money.    Tbe  populatkra  of  the  paridi  is  1672. 
■  Tbe  stipend  ii  BOW  £U8, 61.  8d.  sterling,  bKltiding  dement  money.    Thep(^latiaaorifaepa(U( 


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8BCT.    IT.  THE    PROTESTANT   CBUBCH.  403 

the  School  is  legal.    Examinable  persons  are  1,600. .  The  Protest- 
ant ministers  are. 

Mr  WiUiun  Fnser,  in  1624,  di«d  in  Winter,  1660. 

—  Hugh  Fraser,  ordwned  in  1667,  died  about  1708. 

—  Patrick  Nicolson,  ordained  July  16,  1716,  died  March  7,  1761. 

—  Malcolm  Niccdson,  ordained  September  24,  1761. 

—  John  Fraaer,  admitted  May  10, 1792,  died  Au^rust  0,  1800. 

—  Patrick  Giant,  admitted  December  23,  1800,  died  July  12, 1807. 

—  Ranald  Bayne,  admitted  May  S,  1808,  died  January  31,  1821. 

—  Colin  Fraser,  admitted  May  8,  1823. 

PRESBYTERY  OF  ABERTARF. 

Urqubart  and  Glenmoriston.  The  former  is  a  parsonage,  dedi- 
cated to  St  Mary;  and  in  the  other  was  a  chapel,  dedicated  to  St 
Richard.  Urquhart  was  always  dependent  on,  and  in  the  gift  of  the 
Chancellor  of  Moray,  and  now  the  Laird  of  Grant,  as  Patron  of  In- 
TeravcMi,  the  seat  of  the  Chancellor,  acts  as  Patron  of  Urquhart.  At- 
tempts Imve  been  made  to  unite  Glenmoriston  and  Abertarf  into  one 
parish,  but  have  &iled  for  want  of  a  roaintaJnance.  The  stipend* 
of  Urquhart  is  SOO  merks,  and  50  merks  for  communion  elements. 
There  is  no  School.  The  number  of  examinable  persons  is  about 
1,600.     The  Protestant  ministers  are. 

Mr  James  Farquharson,  Exhorter,  anno  1068. 

—  Alexander  Onint,  Minister  in  1624,  died  in  1645. 

—  Doocaa  Macculloch,  from  Inrer&ess,  admitted,  1647,  deposed,  16dS,  reponed,  1664, 

and  demitted,  1671. 

—  James  Grant,  ord^ned  April  10,  1673.     Transported  to  Abemethie  in  1686. 

—  Robert  Munro,  ordained  in  1676,  to  Gleamorlston  and  Abertarf,  died  about  1668. 

—  Robert  Cammine,  prirately  ordaioed,  admitted  October  24,  1686,  died  In  1729.. 
William  Gordon,  ordained  December  24,  1730.     Transported  to  Alvie  in  1739. 

—  John  Giant,  ordained  in  1740,  died,  1792. 

—  James  Grant,  admitted,  1792,  died.  1798. 

—  James  Fowler,  admitted,  1799,  died,  1814. 

—  James  Donne  Smith,  a<)mitted,  1815. 


'  Tbe  Stipend  wax  augraeoted,  in  1819,  to  128  bolh  Oat-meal,  138  balls  Barley,  and  £8,  6s.  8d.  for 
element  money.    The  popuIatioD  of  the  parish  is  2786. 

5  K 


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404  THE    ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  PART   Vf. 

Boleskin  and  AberUrf  were  distiact  parishes.  I  find  (Appendix, 
No  XXVIII.)  Gilbride  Parsona  de  Abertarf,  before  the  year  1216. 
James  Dow,  Vicar,  sold  the  vicarag-e  of  Abertarf  to  the  Tutor  of 
Lovat,  about  the  year  1570,  and  for  want  of  a  living*,  Abertarf  was 
annexed  to  Boleskin.  In  1676,  it  waa  disjoined  from  Boleskin,  and 
ecclesiastically  united  with  Glenmoriston ;  but  the  Civil  sanction 
was  not  obtained,  and  therefore  Abertarf  was  again  annexed  to 
Boleskin,  about  the  year  1688.  Lord  Lovat  was,  and  the  CrowD 
now  is  Patron.  The  stipend,*  about  1764,  was  aug'mented  to  1300 
merks.  .  There  is  no  School.  Examinable  persons  are  1150.  The 
Protestant  ministers  are. 

Mr  James  Dow,  Exhorter  in  Durris,  Bolesldn,  aad  Abertarf,  anno  1569. 

-^  Andrew  Dow  Fraser,  from  Moy,  admitted  about'1634,  murdered  by  the  Irish,  1646. 

—  ThoOiaB  Houston,  ordduned  in  1648,  died  about  1704. 

—  John  MorriBon,  from  Glenelg,  admitted  in  1706.     Tranfiported  to  Vmy  in  1710. 

—  Thomas  Fraser,  ordained  in  March,  1714,  died  Febraary  10,  1766. 

—  Patrick  Grant,  from  Daviot,  admitted,  1770,     Transported  to  Inverness  Id  1800. 

—  William  Fraaer,  admitted,  1801. 

Laggan,  a  Mensal  church,  dedicated  to  St  Kenneth.  The  Bishop 
was  Patron,  and  settled  the  parish  Jure  proprio.  Now  the  King  is 
proi>erly  Patron,  and  the  family  of  Gordon  has  no  act  of  possession. 
This  parish  was  sometimes  by  the  Bishop  annexed  to  Alvte,  that  he 
niig-ht  draw  the  more  Teinds  from  it.  Mr  James  Lyie  served  long^ 
in  both  parishes,  and,  it  is  said,  understood  not  the  Erse  langva^ ; 
such  penury  was  there  of  ministers  havings  that  language.  Upon  his 
demitting,  the  parishes  were  disjoined ;  but  were  again  united  in 
1672,  and  so  continued  till  the  death  of  Mr  Thomas  Macpherson. 
About  the  year  1767,  the  stipendf  was  augmented  to  1S60  merks. 


*  Tbe  Stipend  wm  at^mented,  b  1822,  to  128  boll*  O^l-meal,  128  bolU  Bariey,  and  £8, 6*.  8d.  br 
element  money.    Tlie  populatloii  of  the  pari^  is  2096. 

t  The  Stipend  was  augmented,  in  1812,  to  £85  sterling  from  tbe  Parish,  and  u  louch  from  Gofeni- 
ment  aa  makea  tlie  whole  Stipend  amotinl  to  £166, 6«.  8d.,  including  element  money.  The  popidatioB 
of  tbe  parish  li  1234. 


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SECT.    IV.  THE    PROTESTANT   CHURCH.  405 

There  is  no  School.  The  number  of  examinable  persons  is  1,100. 
The  Protestant  ministers  are, 

Mi  Alexander  Cluk,  Bxborter  in  1569. 

—  James  Lyle,  Minister  of  Lag^gan  and  Alvie  long  before  1624,  denutted  for  age  in 

1636. 

—  Alexander  Clai^,  ordained  in  1638.  deposed  in  1647. 

—  James  Dick,  ordained  to  Laggan  and  Alvie  in  1633,  deposed  in  166S. 

—  Thomos  Macpherson,  in  1672. 

—  John  Mackenzie,  from  KiDgnaie,  admitted  in  1709,  died  in  1745. 

—  Duncan  Macpberaon,  ordained  in  April,  1747,  died  August  13, 1757. . 

—  Andrew  Gallie,  ordained  September  6,  17S8.    Transported  to  Kincardine  in  1774. 
_  James  Grant,  admitted  in  1775,  died  in  1815. 

—  William  Robertson,  admitted  in  1816.    Transported  to  Kinloss,  1818. 

—  Qeoige  Shepherd,  admitted,  1819.    Transported  to  Kingussie,  1825. 

—  Mackintosh  M'Kay,  admitted,  1825. 

The  number  of  catechisable  persons,  of  seven  or  eight  years  of  ag-e 
and  upwards,  as  contained  in  the  above  account,  is 57,678 

To  which,  if,  for  children  under  that  ag-e,  we  add  one-fifth 

more, — viz 11,535 

The  number*  of  Souls  in  this  Province  is 69,313 

I  cannot  say  that  this  number  is  strictly  exact ;  but  if  there  be  any 
terror  it  roast  be  but  small. 

The  State  of  Reltgion  in  the  Protincejrom  the  Reformatum. 

I  shall  now  conclude  these  collections,  with  a  succinct  account  of 
the  state  of  religion  in  this  Province,  from  the  Reformation,  anno 
1560i  to  this  time. 

How  early  the  first  dawning  of  the  Reformation  of  Religion  ap- 
peared in  Scotland,  I  will  not  pretend  to  determine.     It  cannot  be 


■  The  popnlation  of  the  PnTlnce  has  iucreoMd  conildeiabljr  since  tbe  time  of  our  auttwr.  Accoid- 
\ag  to  the  c«n*usof  1821,  instituted  b;  Act  of  Parllameal,  the  number  of  inhabitants  amounted  to  86,353, 
— 'beiug'an  increase  of  no  lew  than  1 7,1 40,- —notwithstanding  the  great  numbers  who  have  emigrated 
within  the  last  fifty  years. 


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409  THE    ECCLGSIARTICAL    HISTORY.  PABT  TI. 

denied,  that  the  Keledees  remained  in  this  kingiloin  in  the  beginning' 
of  the  fourth  centary ;  and  it  may  be  supposed,  that  the  purity  of 
doctrine  and  worship,  and  the  simplicity  of  government  maintained 
by  them,  were  the  seeds  of  the  Reformation  in  this  kingdom. 

Be  this  as  it  will,  it  is  certain,  that  the  scandalous  schism  in  the 
Church  of  Rome,  of  a  long  continued  series  of  Anti-Popes,  and  the 
gross  corruption  both  of  the  doctrine  and  manners  that  ererywhere 
prevailed,  were  the  more  immediate  causes  of  the  down&I  of  Popery. 

In  every  age,  from  the  days  of  the  Apostles  there  were  some  who 
openly  maintained  the  pure  doctrines  of  Christianity.  In  the  twelfth 
century,  the  Waldenses  and  Albigenses  made  an  avowed  secession 
from  the  Romish  Church.  The  barbarous  persecution  of  these 
faithful  witnesses,  long  continued,  verified,  that  the  blood  of  mar- 
tyrs is  the  seed  of  the  church.  Their  doctrines  spread  through  many 
Kingdoms  of  Europe,  and  in  England  John  Wickliff  openly  taught 
them  in  the  fourteenth  century,  and  his  disciples  carried  them  into 
Germany  and  France,  and,  no  doubt,  into  Scotland.  In  England 
the  Reformation  began  right  early  in  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII., 
anno  1533,  by  renouncing  the  Pope's  authority.  And  in  154%  many 
of  the  Scots  Nobility  and  Gentry,  being  made*  or  rather  surrender- 
ing themselves  prisoners  at  Solway  Moss,  and  remuning  in  Eng- 
land for  sometime;  upon  their  return  to  Scotland,  openly  fiivonred 
the  Reformation,  encouraged  the  preachers  of  it,  and  it  soon  ^read 
into  the  several  counties.  Before  that  time,  even  in  1407,  John 
Roseby,  and,  in  1432,  Paul  Craw,  were  publicly  burnt  for  their  op- 
position to  the  Church  of  Rome,  in  1^7,  Mr  Patrick  Hamilton, 
Abbot  of  Fern  id  Ross,  a  man  of  noble  birth,  was  burnt  by  Bish<^ 
Beaton.  It  cannot  be  doubted,  that  this  eminent  martyr  propagated 
the  Reformed  doctiines  in  Ross,  and  in  the  neighbouring  counties. 
The  cruelty  of  his  death,  and  of  the  death  of  Mr  Gieorge  Wisbart, 
son  to  Pittarow,  in  1545,  rendered  Popery  odious,  and  induced  the 
people  everywhere  to  favour  the  Reformation. 


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BBCr.    IT.  TUB    PBOTB8TANT   CHUKCH.  4I0T 

'  Altfaongh  I  bare  not  met  with  particnlar  iostaneeg  of  gentlemen, 
or  ottiers,  in  the  Province  of  Moray,  who  had  embraced  the  Protest- 
ant principlee  before  tiie  year  1560 ;  yet  I  question  not  hut  there 
were  many  sneh.  For  in  the  Parliament  that  year,  whieh  abolished 
Popery,  and  established  the  Beformation,  William  Innes  of  Innes, 
John  Grant  of  Grant,  William  Sntherland  of  Duffus,  and  a  Ctmimis- 
rioaer  6rom  the  town  of  Inverness,  were  Members,  and  concarred  in 
the  good  work.  And  by  the  above  catal<^e  of  Protestant  miais- 
tert,'it  appears,  that,  before  the  year  1570,  almost  all  the  parishes  in 
the  diocese  of  Moray  had  Protestant  teachers  (Appendix,  No.  XLV I.) 
and  a  ^otestant  Bishop,  with  aformd  Chapter,  was  settled  in  1573-4 
From' the  Reformation  downward,  no  conntry  in  the  North,  and 
few,  if  any,  in  the  South,  adhered  more  firmly  to  the  Protestant 
principles,  even  in  the  worst  of  times,  than  did  the  inhabitants  of 
Moray.-^fnsAma^  that,  except  what  the  influence  of  the  family  of 
Gordbn  had  (of  which  afterwards).  Popery  has  found  no  countenance 
among'  them.  And,  altiiougfa  in  times  of  Prelacy,  the  people  be- 
haved with  due  subjection  to  civil  authority,  yet  they  never  could  be 
brought  to  a  cheerftil  submismon  to  Prelatic  power,  but  joined  in 
throwing  off  that  yoke  at  different  periods.  The  Ministers  banished 
by  King  James  VI.  to  the  North,  and  particularly  Mr  Robert  Bruce, 
who  was  banished  to  Invemms,  anno  1604^  and  remained  there  four 
yearsj  eotitributed  to  confirm  the  people  in  Protestant  and  Presby- 
terian.principles. 

'  In  1968,  the  people  of  Moray  heartily  concurred  in  opposing  the 
Liturgy,  the  Canons,  the  Ecclesiastical  Commission,  and  the  Order 
of  Bishops.  Messrs  William  Falconer  at  Dyke,  John  Hayat  Raf- 
ford;  I^vid  Dunbar  at  Edinkillie,  John  fiowesod  at  Wardlaw,  Pat- 
rick Dtinbar  at  Darns,  Ministers;  William  Boss  of  ClEfra,  John 
Dtmbar,  Bailiff  of  Forrea,  James  Fraser  of  Brae,  and  Robert  Bailie 
Bailiil^  of  Inveraess,  Ruling  Elders,  were  Membeilsof  that  Assembly. 
And'  Messrs  John  Gordon  at  Elgin,  and  ^ohn  Guthrie  at  Duffus. 

5  L 


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406  THE   ECCLESIASTICAL    HISTORY.  PABT  TI. 

Ministers,  were,  October  25, 1638,  elected  Cominisriobers  fiohi  the 
Presbytery  of  Elgin,  to  that  Assembly,  and  Mr  Gordon  was  present, 
in  it,  thoug-h  omitted  in  the  Roll.  That  Assembly  having  deposed 
and  excommunicated,  among  others,  the  Bi^op  of  Moray,  the  clergy 
of  his  diocese  who  had  vowed  canonical  obedience,  mid  f^  whom 
some  were  ordained  by  him,  intimated  the  sentence  from  their  pul- 
pits ;  and  the  laity  rejoiced  in  being  delivered  from  the  Ecclesiastical 
domination.  In  the  subsequent  assemblies  of  the  church,  Innes  of 
limes,  Brodie  of  Brodie,  Brodie  of  Letbin,  Fraaer  of  Brae,  &c.,  are 
found  to  have  been  members. 

All  ranks  in  the  Province  signed  the  National  Covenant,  and  the 
Solemn  League ;  some  with  cheeifolness ;  and  nuuiy,  to  avoid  the 
direful  censures  of  the  church.  In  the  civil  commotions,  not  impro- 
perly called,  "  The  Bishops'  War,"  the  people  in  general,  except 
the  vassals  and  dependents  of  the  Marquis  of  Hantly,  and  the  Bo* 
man  Catholics,  joined  the  Covenanters  at  6r8t  But  in  1648,  when 
they,  thought,  that  not  so  much  reli^on,  as  monarchy  and  the  civil 
constitution  were  in  danger,  then  the  Frasers.  Macintoshes,  Rosses, 
Inneses,  &c.,  joined  in  the  expedition  called  "  The  I^ike's  Erogage- 
mient,"  and  after  the  defeat  at  Preston,  the  churches  were  filled  vitb 
Mock  Penitents.  The  King  being  cut  off  in  1648,  and  his  son, 
Charles  II'.,  being  called  home  from  Breda,  and  crowned,  both 
Church  and  State  became  infatuated.  Hie  Kin^  raised  an  army, 
which  was  routed,  at  Worcester,  in  September,  1651.  and  many  gen- 
tlemen in  Moray  suffered  much  in  this  ill-conducted  expedition  into 
England.  At  the  same  time  the  church  split  into  parties,  and  made 
a  breach  not  yet  fully  healed  up. 

The  King  had  three  several  times  sworn  the  Covenants ;  bat  many 
very  justly  questioned  his  sincerity.  The  Covenanters  being  defeat- 
ed at  Dunbar  in  1650,  Cromwell  being  at  Edinburgh,  and  having 
that  CasUe  in  his  hands,  the  Courtiers  laboured,  that  all  capable  <^ 
serving  their  country  might  be  received  into  the  army,  and  not  be 


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SECT.    IV.  THE    PROTESTANT  CHURCH.  400 

hindered  or  deterred  by  charcb  cenaures.  Against  this  a  body,  of 
Gentlemen,  Military  Officers,  and  Ministers,  remonstrated,  and  di- 
rected a  subscribed  remonstrance  to  the  Committee  of  Estates,  "  Ad- 
▼ising'tbem  to  adhere  to  the  Ring,  mily  in  defrace  of  religion  aod 
tiberty,  and  if  be  shall  forsake  the  counsels  of  the  Church  mid  State, 
and  be  guided  by  malignants,  that  he  be  removed  from  the  exercise 
.  ef  GoTemment."  The  Committee  of  Estates,  in  November,  1650, 
condemned  that  paper  as  scandalous;  and  at  the  same  time,  the 
C^Hnmission  of  the  General  Assembly  first  approved,  but  afterwards, 
by  court  influence,  condemned  the  remonstrance,  whidi  made  several 
Ministers  enter  a  dissent.  The  King  persuaded  the  same  commis- 
sion to  meet  at  Perth, /iro  re  nato,  on  December  14,  that  year,  and 
the  Parliament  asked  them  a  solution  of  this  question,  "  What  per- 
sons shall  be  admitted  to  take  arms  against  the  Sectaries,  and  in 
what  capacity  ?"  To  which  they  answered,  "  That  all  sensible  per- 
sons, except  the  excommunicated^  forfeited,  and  professed  enemies 
to  the  Covenants,  may  be  employed."  The  same  commission  met , 
on  December  36,  and  then  many  protested  against  this  resolution, 
because  it  encouraged  the  enemies  of  religion,  and  put  it  in  the 
power  of  the  King  and  his  Courtiers  to  overturn  all  that  had  been 
contended  for  nnce  the  year  1637.  Hence  came  the  opposite  part- 
ies of  Resolutioners  and  Protestors,  who,  by  imprudently  meddling 
with  the  affiftirs  of  the  civil  government,  and  by  their  fierce  animosi- 
ties, occasioned  the  change  of  church  government. 

In  the  year  1651,  the  same  Commission  of  the  Church  met  in  April, 
and  gave  it  as  their  opinion,  that  the  Parliament  might  admit  into 
public  offices,  and  places  of  trust,  all  subjects,  provided  the  guilty 
did  undei^  church  censures.  Upon  this  raock  penitents  crowded 
into  the  church;  those  called  Malignants  soon  got  into  offices  and 
posts ;  utd  the  Protestors  loudly  complained,  that  a  door  was  opened 
to  infidelity,  irreligion,  and  profaneness.  But  the  Resolutioners 
would  mwntain  what  they  had  done,  and  meeting  on  May.  24th,  in 


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410  THB  BCCLE8IA8TTCAL   HIBTORT.  PAHT  Vt. 

Commission,  reqaired  alt  Presbyteries  to  cite  to  the  ensuiDg^  AsMin- 
bly,  all  who  should  oppose  the  resolations. 

The  General  Assembly  met  on  16th  Jaly  at  St  Andrews ;  but  be- 
cause of  the  Civil  tnmalts,  soon  removed  to  Dundee.  Twenty-tne 
members  protested  against  the  freeness  and  legality  of  the  meeting, 
because  by  the  conduct  of  the  Coikimission  in  May,  there  could  be 
no  free  election, — all  Protesters  being  under  citation.  Yet  the  As- 
sembly condemned  the  remonstrance,  approred  the  resolutions,  con- 
demned the  Protesters,  deposed  three,  and  suspended  one  of  tbem» 
and  ordered  all  Presbyteries  to  ask  the  opinioD  of  their  meraben 
concerning  the  remonstrance,  the  resolutions,  and  the  lawfalness  of 
this  Assembly.  This  kindled  a  flame  in  almost  erery  Synod  and 
Presbytery. 

In  the  Province  ot  Moray,  the  Synod  met  pro  re  ftatOy  on  No- 
vember 13,  1651,  and  approved  of  the  meeting  of  last  Assembly. 
But  Messrs  John  Brodie  at  Aldem,  Joseph  Brodie  at  Forres,  Wil- 
liam Fraser  at  Inverness,  James  ^rk  at  Urquhurt,  and  Patrick  Ohm 
at  Edmkillie,  ministers,  with  Sv  Robert  Gordon  of  GordwistowOr 
Alexander  Brodie  of  &odie,  and  Hugh  Campbell  of  Aohindmie* 
elders, — protested  against  this,  because  that  Assembly  was  not  freQ 
or  regular  in  the  election  of  its  members,  and  severed  things  dmie  ia 
it  were,  in  their  opinion,  dishonouring  to  God,  and  contrary  to  the 
Covenants,  and  the  Engagement  Thus  was  the  Province  splh  into 
parties ;  but  the  Synod  promised  to  treat  the  protesting  monbers 
with  all  brotherly-love  and  benevolence.  The  Kingdom  being  now 
under  tiie  feet  of  Usurpers,  General  Assemblies  being  by  them  di»* 
charged,  and  Synods  and  Presbyteries  often  intermpted,  a  social 
and  friendly  intereonrse  was,  at  least  seemingly,  kept  ap  in  this 
Province  for  some  years.  But  in  the  Synod  of  Moray,  met  in  Oc- 
tober 1660,  a  copy  of  Charles  II.'s  Jesuitical  Letter  to  the  Presby^ 
tery  of  Edinburgh,  was  read  (-Appendix,  No.  XLVIII.)  I  call  this 
I^etter  Jesuitical,  because  the  King  promised  to  maintain  inviolate 


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afiCT.  IV.  THE  PROTBSTA^^^  cnuRCH.  411 

the  government  of  the  Church  as  established  by  law, — although  it 
was  resolved  to  overturn  it ;  and  in  a  few  months  the  Act  Recissory 
was  passed  in  Parliament,  rescinding,  repealing,  and  annulling  all 
Acts  made  in  Parliament,  Convention,  or  Assembly,  since  the  year 
1633,  and  so  leaving  the  government  of  the  Church  what  it  Was  that 
year  1633.  An  equivocation  unworthy  of  a  King  or  Christian. 
That  Letter  being  read,  the  Synod  observed,  that  the  King  prcirais- 
ed,  to  cause  the  authority  of  the  Assembly,  1651,  to  stand  in  force. 
Upon  this  they  instantly,  in  a  mean  and  base  strain  of  adulation, 
persecuted  their  brethren,  contrary  to  their  former  promise.  Mr 
Patrick  Glass,  the  only  Minister  now  living  who  had  protested  in 
1651,  was  sharply  rebuked,  and  made  to  sign  a  recantation,  which 
wfts  recorded.  And  Sir  Ladovick  Gordon  of  Gordonstown,  Alex- 
ander Brodieof  Brodie,  and  Hugh  Campbell,  Protesters,  with  Alex- 
ander Brodie  of  Lethin,  Patrick  Campbell^f  Boath,  John  Nicolson* 
Xaraes  Buchan,  William  Alves  in  Forres,  and  Robert  Watson  in 
Raffiord,  Elders,  who  had  approved  of  the  protestations,  were  all  de- 
posed in  absence.  This  was  both  unjust  and  ungenerous,  to  expose 
their  brethren,  as  much  as  they  could,  to  the  King's  resentment. 

But  now  the  design  of  re-establishing  Prelacy  was  communicated 
to  some  of  the  clergy,  and  the  Synod,  met  July  3,  1661,  sent  an  ad- 
dress to  the  Earl  of  Middleton,  the  King's  Commissioner  in  Parlia- 
ment, in  which  they  did  not  once  mention  the  Protestant  religion, 
or  Presbyterian  church  government,  (Appendix,  No.  XLIX.)  Nay, 
vt  is  apparent,  that  they  had  already  privately  agreed,  to  approve  of 
the  intended  change;  for  Mr  Murdoch  Mackenzie,  Minister  at  Elgin, 
who  was  to  be  one  of  the  new  Bishops,  wiu  sent  up  with  the  address, 
that  he  might  receive  the  rochet ;  and  the  Synod  set  up,  what  in 
divine  worship  was  looked  on  as  the  Badge  of  Episcopacy,  I  mean 
the  Gloria  Pafri,  and  parents  repeating  the  Apostle's  Creed  at  the 
baptism  of  their  children. 

The  transition  from  one  extreme  to  another  is  easy ;  but  it  is  diffi- 

5  M 


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4\%  THE    ECCLESIASTICAL   HISTORY.  PART  VI. 

ealt  to  stop  in  a  just  medium.  This  was  apparent  upon  the  Bestor- 
ation  in  1660.  Under  the  former  period,  the  clergy  ran  into  a  wild 
extreme,  of  meddlings  with,  and  managing*,  all  matterii.  Civil,  Eccle? 
siastical.  Criminal,  and  Military,  and  the  language  of  their  conduet* 
and  of  many  of  the  laity,  was,  "  Bind  your  King  with  Chains,  and 
your  Nobles  with  Fetters."  Now  they  ran  into  the  opposite  extreme: 
All  power,  Civil  and  Ecclesiastical,  was  lodged  in  the  King :  He 
was  declared  absolute :  Christ's  right,  as  Head  of  the  Church,  was 
yielded  up  to  him ;  and  all  became  abject  slaves  to  his  will. 

Prelacy  being  restored  in  1662,  the  King  proposed  to  revive  €ie^ 
neral  Assemblies,  and  the  Parliament  drew  up  a  form  of  their  con-^ 
stitution.  But  the  Bishops  could  not  bear  such  a  check,  and  th« 
project  was  dropt.  Diocegan  Synods  and  Presbyteries  were  kept 
up,  and  the  new  Bishops  lost  no  time  in  prosecuting  Non-confonn- 
ists.  Messrs  George  Inoesat  Dipple,  and  Harry  Forbes  at  Ald«m, 
prevented  deposition,  by  demitting  their  charges  in  1663.  And 
Messrs  Thomas  Urqnhart  at  £ssil,  James  Urquhart  at  Kinlosa,  and 
Gteorge  Meldrum  at  Glass,  were  that  yea^  deposed, — as  was  Mc 
Alexander  Fraser,  at  Dariot,  in  1672 ;  and  all  the  rest  conformed. 
Some  ministers  from  Ross,  as  Messrs  James  Fraser  of  Brae,  Thomas 
Hogg,  Thomas  Ross,  John  MacgilUgin,  &c.,  were  often  driven  into 
Moray,  and,  joining  the  Non-conformists  there,  performed  Gospel 
Ministrations  in  private,  and  were  much  regarded  and  protected  1^ 
the  gentry.  The  Bishops  of  Moray  were  more  moderate  than  otiier 
Bishops;  yet  these  ministers  were  informed  against — most  of  them 
were  intercommaned,  apprehended,  and  kept  long  prisoners  in  the 
Bass»  and  in  other  places. 

The  gentlemen  of  the  country,  and  the  common  people  by  their 
example  and  influence,  behaved  with  much  pradence,  gave  no  um- 
brage to  the  civil  powers ;  and,  though  they  protected  the  persecuted 
clergy,  yet  they  discouraged  field  preaching. — by  which  meaoa^ 
both  the  ministers,  and  their  bearers  in  private  hoQses.  were  the  leu 


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SBCT.    IV.  THE    PROTESTANT   CHURCH,  413 

exposed  to  troables.  The  houses  of  the  Lairds  <tf  Inoes,  Grant, 
Kilravocl[,  Brodie,  Lethin,  the  Sheriff  of  Moray,  and  Sir  Hugh 
Campbell  of  Calder,  were  so  many  saoctuaries  to  the  oppressed. 
The  last-mentioned  gentleman,  was,  at  one  time,  bail  in  £1.500  ster- 
ling' for  persecuted  ministers.  In  a  word,  for  twenty  years  after  the 
Restoration,  by  the  prudence  and  piety  of  families  of  distinction, 
Moray  enjoyed  nore  peace  than  other  counties,  and  religion  flourish- 
ed greatly. 

The  imposing  the  Test,  in  16S1,  opened  a  new  scene  of  troubles. 
Thereby  they  swore,  "  To  own  and  adhere  to  the  Confession  of  Faith 
recorded  in  Parliament,  1567,  and  to  disown  all  principles  or  prae- 
tices  contrary  to  the  Protestant  religion,  and  the  said  Confession : 
That  the  King  is  tmly  the  Supreme  Gorernor  in  all  causes.  Civil 
and  Ecclesiastical :  That  it  is  unlawful  for  subjects,  upon  any  pre- 
tence, to  enter  into  Covenuits  and  Leagues,  or.  to  convene  in  taty 
assemblies  to  treat  of  any  matter  of  State,  Civil  or  Ecelesiastical, 
without  his  Majesty's  express  licence ;  or  to  take  up  arms  against 
the  King,  or  those  commissioned  by  Inm :  Not  to  endeavour  any 
change  or  alteration  in  the  Government,  in  Church  or  State,  as  now 
established :  Never  to  decline  his  Majesty's  power  and  jurisdiction. 
See."  A  strange  medley  of  Era^tianism,  and  contradiction !  To 
naintain  the  Protestant  reli^on ;  and  to  bring  in  a  Popish  successor ! 
To  swear  in  the  Confession,  that  Christ  is  the  only  King  of  the 
Church ;  and  yet  that  the  King  is  the  only  Supreme !  To  allow 
any  one  having  the  King's  commission,  to  cut  all  the  throats  in  the 
kingdom  !  Not  to  convene  to  Preaching  or  Praying!  Sec 
■  Mr  Colin  Falconer.  Bishop  of  Moray,  and  the  clergy  of  his  diocese, 
met  at  Elgin,  in  December,  1681 ;  and  ministers,  schoolmasters,  and 
students  of  Divinity,  swore  the  Test,  with  the  Council's  explication, 
allowed  hy  the  King, — viz. 

|.  That  they  did  not  swear  to  every  proposition  in  Uie  Confession 
of  Faith,  but  only  to  the  true  Protestant  Religion,  in  opposition  to 
Popery  and  Fanaticism. 


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414  THE    ECCLE61A8TICAL   HI8TORT.  PABT  Tf. 

3.  That  there  is  reserred  entire  to  the  ffishopa  and  Pastors,  all 
the  intrinsic  spiritual  power  of 'the  Church,  and  the  preaching^  lA 
the  word,  ordination  of  Pastors,  Sec.,  as  in  the  three  first  centaries. 

3;  Thiat  this  oath  is  no  prejndice  to  the  Episcopal  Government  of 
the  Church  now  established  by  law.  An  explication  this  so  poor, 
that  rather  than  comply  with  it,  the  IbUowing-  ministers  quitted  tbeir 
charges, — viz.  Messrs  James  Stuart  at  Inveravon,  Alexander  Mar- 
shall at  Dipple,  William  Gieddes  at  Urquhart,  James  Horn  at  Elgin, 
Alexander  Cnmming'  at  Dallas,  James  Smith  at  Burris,  William 
Speed  at  'Botrifnie.  and  John  Camming'  at  Aldem.  This  last  gen- 
tleman did  subscribe  the  Test;  bot,  upon  reflection,  chose  to  demit, 
in  1683 ;  and  being  a  pious  and  peaceable  man,  he  was  settled  at 
Cullen ;  and  by  the  favour  of  the  Earl  of  Flndlater,  lived  undisturb- 
ed.  The  conduct  of  the  clergy,  in  so  readily  complying  io  this  point, 
very  much  sallied  their  characters. 

Few  of  the  gentlemen  of  this  Province  had  posts  or  offices  that 
obliged  them  to  take  this  oath.  But  it  was  soon  made  a  test  oi 
loyalty  in  all  ranks.  And  to  drive  the  people  into  a  full  conformity 
to  Church  and  State,  or  to  ruin  them  if  they  became  recusants,  jus- 
tieiary  courts  were  appointed  through  the  Kingdom,  with  power  to 
impose  the  Test,  to  inquire  into  Conventicles,  and  absenting  from 
church ;  and  to  fine,  confine,  banish,  and  hang,  as  they  should  see 
cause.  In  December,  1684,  a  commission  was  granted  to  the  Earls 
of  Errol  and  Kintore,  and  Sir  George  Munro  of  Coulrain,  for  the 
bounds  between  Spey  and  Ness ;  and,  on  January  19,  1685,  their 
power  was  extended  to  InTemess,  Boss,  Cromarty,  and  Sutherland ; 
and  Lord  Dufitis,  with  a  troop  of  militia,  was  ordered  to  attend  them. 
A  letter  was,  likewise,  written  by  the  Council,  to  the  Bishop  of  Mo- 
ray, requiring  bim  to  cause  all  the  clergy  to  attend  the  Justices  on 
January  22d,  with  their  Elders,  and  to  bring  lists  of  all  persons, 
either  gnilty  or  suspected: 

Such  a  parade  and  meeting  of  Justices,  Bishop,  Ministers.  Elders, 
Militia,  Gentlemen,  Ladies,  and  common  people,  was  held  at  Elgin, 


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men  IVk  TIM  VROTBATANT  QfUUlCq..  HB 

32d  Jan.,  and  the  subaeqoent  days;  and  as  it  was  qnaaiial,  cQidd  ool 
but  strike  terror ;  unA  ^e  more  sensible  people  mast  bave  conelitdr 
ed»  that  a  Government,  either  in  Church  or  State,  most  bave  b^n 
odious.that  needed  such  support.  These  Justices  made  ^leir  report 
to  the  Council  on  2d  March,  as  follows : — 

**We  made  up  lists  of  the  heritors,  wad-setters,  and  life-r^iters. 
who  offered. three  months  supply,  signed  a  bond  (^  peace.,  ^d  took 
the  Test,  except  a  few.  We  fined  some,  banished  others,  and  re- 
mitted some  to.  the  Council.  We  ordered  to  imprison  Manro  d 
Fowles  at  Tain,  and  bis  son  at  Inverness,  and  sent  Mr  William 
M.*  Kay,  (he  was  afterwards  minister  at  Cromdale,)  a. vagrant  preacher 
in  Sutheriand.  to  Edinburg;h.  We  banished  Messrs  James  Urquhart, 
John  Stuart,  (thereafter  at  Urquhart)>  Alexander  Dunbar,  (thereafter 
at  Aldern).  and  George  Meldnun.  ministers, — Alexander  and  Mark 
Mavors  in  Urqahart,  Donald  and  Andrew  Muoros  in  Elgin.  Alex- 
ander Munro  of  Main,  and  Jean  Taylor.  We  fined  the  Laird  of 
Grant  in  £42.500 ;  the  Laird  of  Brodiein  £24,000;  Alexander  Bro^ 
dieof  Lethin  in  £40,000;  Francis  Brodie  of  Millton  in  £10,000; 
Francis  Brodie  of  Windyhills  in  £3333.  6s.  8d. ;  Mr  James  Brodie 
grandfather  to  the  present  Lethtn)  of  Kinlie  in  £333.  6s.  8d. :  Mr 
George  Meldrum  of  Crombie  in  £6666.  13s.  4d. ;  Thomas  Dunbar 
of  Cirange.  the  Lurd  of  Innes.  William.  Brodie  of  Coltfield.  WiUiapi 
Brodie  <ti  Whitewrae,  and  Mr  Bobert  Donaldson  in  Arr,  were  cited 
to  appear  when  called." 

Besides  these,  there  were  imprisoned  at  Elgin,  John  Montfod, 
Cbamberlun  to  Park.  Jean  Brodie.  relict  of  Alexander  Thomsom 
nwcchant  in  Elgin.  Christine  Lesly,  daughter,  and  Beatrix  Breidi«. 
reli^  of  Lesly  of  Aiken  way.  Although  the  Justices  who  met  at 
Blgin  were  not  severe,  and  Sir  George  Munro  was  a  friend  to  the 
oppressed ;  yet  it  is  probable,  that,  to  please  the  Court  and  Bishops, 
some  executions  would  have  been  made,  if  the  King'js  doafth  had  not 
pffeveiited  it  For  how  soon  the  Juatices  arrived  at  El^n,  they  or- 
<Ured  ft  new  Gallona  to  he  effected.     But  Ujte  King  having  died  O^ 

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416  THK    ECCLG8IA8TFCAL   HtSTOBY.  PART  11. 

February  6,  1685,  the  account  of  it  reached  £lgfin  on  the  I3tb.  The 
Justices  left  the  town  next  day ;  the  prisoners  were  released ;  uid 
many  who  were  under  citation,  were  eased  of  the  trouble  of  appear- 
ing^, because  the  commission  of  the  Justices  was  vacated,  and  be- 
came null. 

The  gentlemen  that  were  fined  were  broag;ht  to  much  trouble : 
Non-conformity,  absence  from  church,  and  attending'  conventicleef, 
were  their  only  crimes ;  and  not  so  much  the  conduct  of  the  Gentle- 
men, as  of  their  Ladies.  They  thought  it  hard  to  be  punished  for 
their  wives  faults.  The  Laird  of  Brodie  had  a  non-conformiDg 
Chaplain,  and  some  conventicles  in  Brodie-House ;  and  though  he 
went  to  London  to  get  some  composition,  yet  he  was  forced  to  pi^ 
30,000  nierks  Scots  to  Colonel  Maxwell,  a  Papist.  Lethin's  fine 
was  gifted  to  the  Scots  College  of  Doway,  to  be  paid  to  Mr  Lewis 
Innes,  a  member  of  that  College.  The  estate  of  Lethin  was  adjudg- 
ed in  order  to  secure  payment,  and  upon  Lethin's  death,  the  Laird 
of  Grant  (married  to  Lethin's  only  child)  becoming  executor  to  him^ 
paid  £30.000  to  the  Earl  of  Perth.  The  Laird  of  Grant  petitioued 
the  Privy  Council,  showed  his  own  loyalty,  and  his  Lady's  iqability 
to  travel  to  church  through  want  of  health ;  yet  the  Council  ordered 
him  to  be  prosecuted  for  the  fine;  but  he  f>pun  out  his  defence*,  till 
the  Revolution  delivered  him.  Millton's  fine  was  granted  to  Gnj 
of  Chnchie,  as  a  reward  of  his  deciphering  some  of  Argyle's  letters; 
but  the  Revolution  prevented  paying  it. 

'  Besides  the  severity  used  by  this  Court  of  Justiciary,  the  Sheriff- 
Courts  put  many  to  distress  and  trouble.  The  Hereditary  Sheriff 
of  Moray,  refusing  the  Test,  was  divested  of  his  office ;  and  Lord 
Down  was  made  Sheriff  Principal,  and  Tultoch  of  Tanachie,  Depute, 
who  fined  David  Brodte  of  Pitgaveny,  brother  to  Lethin,  in  £18,000, 
whereof  a  great  part  was  paid.  The  Sheriff  of  Inverness  fined  many 
in  that  county.  And  Mackenzie  of  Suddie,  by  a  special  warrant 
from  the  Council,  prosecuted  many  in  Ross  and  Cromarty.  These 
prosecutions  were  carried  on.  in  all  counties,  and  they  who  hare  cal- 


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SECT.   IV.  THE   p60TE8TAMT  CHUftCH.  417 

colated  the  fines  imposed,  and  for  the  most  part  exacted,  make  them 
amount  to  £4,000,000. 

As  in  the  body  natural,  so  in  the  Political  and  Ecclesiastical,  too 
hot  a  regimen  of  Medicines  doth  but  inflame  the  disease  which  it  is 
intended  to  cure.  The  severities  used  at  that  time,  mainly  for  Non- 
conformity, increased  the  number  of  Non-conformists,  althong-h  they 
durst  not  avow  it,  and  broug;ht  the  administration,  both  of  Church 
and  State,  into  the  greatest  contempt.  Upon  the  accession  of  King; 
James  VII.  to  the  Crown,  in  1685,  he  would  willingly  have  com- 
pounded matters  for  a  season,  and  grant  a  respite  to  Non-conform- 
ists, that  he  might  with  the  better  grace  favour  the  Roman  Catholics. 
To  this  it  was  owing,  that,  failing  to  get  the  penal  statutes  against 
Popery  repealed,  he  granted  an  ample  toleration  and  the  Non-con- 
formists had  rest.  But  the  Scottish  Bishops  being  infatuated,  al- 
though they  knew  of  the  Prince  of  Orange's  intended  expedition,  to 
preserve  the  religion  and  liberties  of  Britain,  yet  in  their  Address, 
(Appendix,  No.  L.),  gave  their  King  such  a  taste  of  their  loyalty, 
and  the  nation  such  a  specimen  of  their  religion  and  temper,  that  it 
was  no  wonder,  that  next  year  the  Convention  of  Estates  declared 
Prelacy  a  grievance  to  the  nation. 

The  last  sufferer  I  know,  in  Moray,  for  nonconformity,  was  Mr 
Angus  Macbean,  son  to  Maebean  of  Kinchyle,  and  minister  of  Inver- 
ness. He  was  a  man  of  parts  and  piety,  and  was  admitted  minister 
of  Inverness,  December  29, 1683.  It  was  with  great  relactancy  be 
entered  into  the  ministry  under  the  then  establishment;  for  his  dis-^ 
satisfaction  with  the  Government,  and  the  tyrannisal  conduct  of 
the  Church,  made  him,  in  June  1687,  withdraw  from  their  Judica- 
tories, and,  on  23d  October,  being  Lord's-day,  he  preached  from  Job, 
xxxiv.  31,  32,  publicly  renounced  Prelacy,  and  demitted  his  charge. 
In  January  1688,  he  was  carried  a  prisoner  to  Edinburgh,  examined 
before  the  Council,  and  on  27th  February  was  deposed  by  the  Arch- 
bishop of  St  Andrews.  He  was  remanded  to  prison,  and  though,  on 
account  of  the  languishing  state  of  his  health,  Sir  Robert  Gordon  of 


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4^  THS-  fiCCLBftUkSTICAl.  HUSTQUV.  FART  TV 

CiordoMtown,  and  Doncan  Forbe»ofCallodeD,  offered  a  bail  of  IQQQp 
merks,  Scots,  to  present  tym  when  called,  yet  the  CbAncellor  WonU 
not  liberate  him.  fie  lay  in  prison  till,  upon  the  Chancellor's  run- 
ning-  away  in  December  VBS8,  the  mob  opened  the  prison  doors. 
After  this  he  continued  in  a  lang.uisbing  way,  and  died  at  Edinbui^ 
i^  February  1680.  in  the  thirty-third  year  of  his.  age. 

The  happy  Revolution  in  1688,  put  an  end.  to  tyranny  and  perse- 
qution.  I  have,  pages  341,  <&c.,  gjven  some  account  of  the  state,  of 
reUgi(»i  in  this  ProvincCr  at.  and  since  the  devolution,  and  shall 
now  fioly  observe,  that  the  Episcopal  cler|{j.  being;  by  law  indulged, 
upon  their  qualifying  to  the  Civil  Giovernment,^  to  keep  their,  charges- 
and  living,  they  saw  this  so  much  for  their  ease  and  advantage,  thai 
they  all,  very  few  excepted,  complied  with  it.  Thereby  they  wers 
eased  of  the  trouble  and  expence  of  attending  upon  Presbyteries^ 
Synods,  Assemblies,  and  Cororaissions,  and  of  bearing  a  share  in 
frequent  contributions  for  promoting  religion  and  piety.  No  ouq 
was  disturbed  or  ejected,  except  those  who  refused  to  acknowledge 
King  Wlliam  and  Queen  Mary,  and  who  still  looked  fOT  the  restor- 
ation of  their  abdicated  King.  I  own  that  in  Strathspey,  the  Laird 
of  Grant  did  take  advantage  of  the  ministers  of  Cromdale,  Abern^ 
thie,  and  Duthil,  who  neglected  to  qualify  to  Government  within  the 
time  limited.  And  upon  this  he,  in  a  manner  too  summary,  caused 
^ut  up  their  churches.  In  the  town  of  Elgin,  so  disaffected  wers 
the  Magistrates,  and  influenced  by  the  Lord  Dufiiis,  that  for  eight 
years  they  kept  the  pastoral  charge  vacant.  And  in  Inverness,  so 
great  was  the  disaffection,  (to  which  Mr  Hector  Mackenzie,  minbter, 
contributed  not  a  little,  although  he  himself  had  qualified  to  the  ci- 
vil government),  that  upon  the  death  of  Mr  Marshal  in  1601,  the 
Magistrates  would  not  suffer  the  charge  to  be  declared  vacant.  Upon 
Slst  June  that  year,  all  avenues  to  the  church  were  beset  with  armed 
men,  and  double  Gentries  placed  at  the  doors,  that  no  minister  might 
enter ;  and  when  Duncan  Forbes  of  Culloden  sought  ta  open  thQ 
dows.  he  vras  thrast  bacjj^,  and  struck  violently.    This  made  Collo* 


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SECT.   IV.  THB   PROTESTANT  CHUBCH.  419 

den  and  others  represent  the  case  to  the  Council ;  and  in  An^st  1601, 
Leren's  regiment  was  sent  north  to  protect  the  well-aflected  in  obey- 
ing the  law.  They  made  patent  doors,  but  for  ten  years  no  minister 
could  be  got  settled  in  that  town. 

It  remains  now  that  1  gire  some  account  of  the  state  of  Popery  in 
this  Province.  The  Eavoor  showed  by  our  BLin^  to  Roman  Catho- 
lics, ever  since  the  Reformation,  is  well-known.  James  VI.  did  not 
dissemble  that  he  wonld  meet  them  halfway;  his  son,  though  called 
'  a  zealous  Protestant,  protected,  employed,  and  encouraged  Papists, 
during-  his  unfortunate  reign.  -  Charles  II.  was  known  to  be,  and  died 
a  Roman  Catholic ;  and  his  brother  openly  professed  that  religion. 
Notwithstanding  the  influence  and  example  of  those  Princes,  very 
few  in  this  Province,  except  the  dependants  on  the  family  of  Gordon, 
and  the  Macdonalds  and  Chisholms,  have  been  seduced  into  Popish 
errors.  Among  the  Highland  Clans,  the  Frasers,  Macintoshes, 
Grants,  Macphersons,  Macgillivrays,  scarce  any  Papists  are  to  be 
found.  Eren  in  the  country  of  Badenoch,  though  all  are  either  vas- 
sals or  tenants  of  the  Duke  of  Gordon,  there  are  few,  if  any,  of  that 
religion.  This  has  been  owing  in  a  great  measure  to  the  gentry  and 
Chiefs  of  Clans,  who  early  embraced  the  Reformation,  and  both  en- 
couraged and  promoted  it  in  their  lands. 

The  Macdonalds  of  Glengary,  never  that  I  know,  were  reformed. 
The  gentlemen  of  that  name  have  their  sons  educated  in  the  Scots 
colleges  abroad,  especially  at  Douay ;  and  they  return  home,  either 
avowed  or  concealed  Papists.  In  the  year  1726,  in  all  Glengary  an*-' 
Achadrom,  which  may  consist  of  800  souls,  I  could  find  very  few 
Protestants.  Since  that  time  they  have  not  become  much  better ;  but 
have  diffused  their  errors  into  the  neighbouring  countries  of  Abertarf, 
Glenmoriston,  and  Strathglass. 

The  most  noble  family  of  Gordon,  till  of  late,  were  Papists ;  and 
although  now  they  are  Protestants,  yet  Popery  still  prevails  in  their 
lands,  within  this  Province,  particularly  in  Glenrinnes,  Glenlivat, 
and  Strathavon.  1  remember  when  a  seminary,  or  academy  of  Priests. 

5  O 

.':.■■'  Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


430  THE   BCCLESIABTICAL  HI8T0BY.  PART  VI. 

waa  openly  kept  in  Glenlivat,  where  the  Itaigfutgea,  philosophy,  and 
divinity  were  regularly  taug^ht,  and  a  draught  of  the  most  promiaiDg 
boys  waa  sent  to  France,  who  retaraed  home  Priests  and  Jesuits.  1 
am  not  certun  if  such  a  seminary  is  now  kept  up  there,  but  a  Popi^ 
meeting-house  continues,  and  at  high  mass  600  people  attend  it. 

It  may  not  be  improper  here  to  observe,  the  happy  increase  of 
Christian  knowledge  since  the  Revolution.  All  the  parishes  in  this 
Province,  excepting  three  or  four,  have  now  schools  erected  in  them 
according  to  law ;  and  some  Society  schools  are  settled  where  Popery 
prevails,  or  the  extent  of  parishes  requires.  This  valuable  Society  had 
its  rise  from  the  piety  and  benevolence  of  some  private  Christians  in 
Edinburgh,  about  the  year  1700,  who,  pitying  the  lamentable  con- 
dition of  the  Hi^lands  and  Islands  through  ignorance,  idolatry, 
superstition,  and  profaneness,  didthemselvescheerfully  contribute»and 
prevailed  with  others  to  concur  with  them  for  erecting  schools.  Their 
first  school  was  in  the  country  of  Stratherick,  within  this  Province; 
but  not  meeting  with  the  success  expected,  they  applied  to  the  Ge- 
neral Assembly,  who  laid  the  design  before  her  Majesty,  Queen  Anne, 
and  obtained  letters  patent,  dated  May  35,  1709,  erecting  the  contri- 
buters  into  a  Society,  by  the  name  of  "  The  Society  in  Scotland  for 
Propagating  Christian  Knowledge."  The  stock  of  the  Society,  in 
1774,  is,  for  Scotland,  £58,901,  Sterling;  and  for  America,  £4.032, 
Sterling.  They  have  now  established  121  schools,  besides  some  late- 
ly suppressed,  at  which  above  6,000  boys  and  girls  are  educated ;  and 
*;^hey  have  Missionaries  in  Georgia,  North  Carolina,  and  other  parts 
of  America.  The  happy  effects  of  this  truly  pious  Institution  are  vi- 
sible in  this  Province.  Christian  knowledge  is  increased,  heathenish 
customs  are  abandoned,  the  number  of  Papists  is  diminished,  disaffec- 
tion to  the  Government  is  lessened,  and  the  English  language  is  so 
diffused,  that  in  the  remotest  glens  it  is  spoken  by  the  young  people, 
and  in  the  low  country,  in  Inveravon,  Glenlivat,  Kjiockando,  Edin- 
killie,  Nairn,  and  Ardersier,  where,  till  of  late,  public  worship  was 
performed  in  Erse,  there  is  now  no  occasion  for  ministers  having  that 
language. 


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APPENDIX. 


No.    I.-^KiTtff   Robert's   Charter   to   Ranulf,  Earl  of  Moray  i 
from,  EB«iy9  on  BritUh  Antiquities. 


HOBiftTui,  Dei  gradft.  Rex  Scotoram,  omnibiiB  probis  hommibug  totiue  tens  nue,  salatenit 
Sdatis,  Nob  dediese,  coaceaaisse,  et  hac  presenti  carta  nostra  confinuaase,  ThomK  Rannlphoi 
Militi,  dilecto  nepoti  noBtro,  pro  homagio  et  servitio  suo,  omnes  terras  nostras  in  Moravia,  sicut 
fnenmt  in  manu  Domini  AlexandH  Hegis  Scotiee  praedeceasoris  nostri  oltimo  delbncti,  una  cnin 
omnibus  aliis  terns  a^jacentibus,  infra  metas  et  divisas  subacriptae  cotitentis ;  lucipiendo,  vide* 
licet,  ad  aquam  de  Spee  sicut  cadit  in  mare ;  et  Bic  ascendendo  per  eandem  aquam,  includendo 
terras  de  Fouchabre  Rotbenayks,  Rothays  et  Bocharine,  per  Buas  rectas  metas  et  divisas,  cum 
snia  pertinentiie ;  et  sic  ascendendo  per  dictam  aquam  de  Spee  usque  ad  marchias  de  Badenach ; 
et  sic  includeiclo  omnes  terras  de  Badenach  et  Kjncardyn,  et  de  Glencaren,  cum  peitinentilsi 
per  suas  rectas  raetas  et  difiaasi  et  aic  sequendo  marchias  de  Badenach  usque  ad  marchiam  de 
Louchabre;  et  sic  includendo  terrae  de  Louchabre,  de  Maymez,  de  Lezharketh,  de  Glengarech, 
et  de  Glenelg,  cum  pertinentiiB,  per  suas  rectas  metas  et  divisas  ;  et  sic  sequendo  marchiam  de 
Glenelg  usque  ad  mare  Versua  occidentem ;  et  sic  per  mare  usque  ad  marchias  boreales  Ergadis^i 
quEC  est  Comitia  de  Eos ;  et  aic  per  marchias  iUas  usque  ad  marchias  Roasiffi  ;  et  sic  per  marchias 
RoasiK  quouaque  perreniatur  ad  oquam  de  Fome;  et  sic  per  aquam  de  Fome  quousqUe  per^ 
veniatur  ad  mare  orientale :  Tenendas  et  babendae  dicto  Thomee,  et  heredibus  suis  masculis  de 
corpore  ano  legitime  piocreatie  aeu  procreandia,  de  nobia,  et  heredibus  nostris,  in  feodo  et  here, 
ditate,  in  libbro  coMrrATti,  ac  in  libera  regalitate,  cum  quatuor  querelia  ad  coronam  noatram  re- 
giam  epectantibua ;  et  cum  omnibus  placitis  et  querelis,  tara  in  communibua  indictamentls,  quam 
in  brcribuB  placitabilibtis ;  et  cum  omnibus  alils  lo([ueli6  quibuscunque  ad  liberam  r^aUtatem 
pertinentibna,  vel  aliquo  modo  pertin«e  valentibas,  adeo  libere,  quiete,  plenarie,  et  honorifice, 
Bicut  aliqua  terra  infra  regnum  noatrum,  in  regalitate,  Itberiua,  plenius,  quletius,  aat  honorificen- 
tiua,  dari  poterit  aut  teneri ;  una  cum  magna  cuatuma  nostra  bui^  de  Inveraia,  et  coketo  ejuflj 
dem,  et  libertatibua  auis  in  omnibus,  excepts  tantummodo  parvft  cuatuma  dicti  bargi ;  cum  pten- 
aria  potestate  attachiandi,  accusondi,  et  in  omnibua  ministrondi  ac  judicandi  omnes  illos  dictl 
vicecomitatia  injurias,  dampna  seu  pnejudicia  facientes  indebite  cuatumte  pr^icts,  adeo  Itbers 
in  omnibus,  sicut  noa  vel  aliquis  ministronim  nostrorum  ipaos  altachiare,  accuaare,  ministrard 
■eu  jndicare  potuimus,  seu  poterit,  in  prfemissis ;  et  quod  dictus  Comes,  et  hteredes  sui,  amereitu 


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42^  APPENDIX. 

menta,  excsetaa  seu  rorisfactarsa  inde  ccnitiiig;entcs,  adeo  libera  et  qaiete  b«beat>t  et  pq^eaat  in 
fiitunmi,  sicut  qob,  sen  aliqiiis  praedeceMoram  noBtTonim,  dicta  amerciameitta,  excaetas  sea  foiig- 
facturaa,  aliquo  tempore  babnimns.  Quare  Ticecomiti  nofltro  de  InreroiB,  et  baliviB  snis,  ac  prae. 
positis  et  baliTis  dicti  burgi  qui  pro  tempore  fuerint,  ac  ceteris  quorum  interest,  firmiter  praecipi- 
mos  et  mandamus,  quatenos  pnefato  Comitf,  et  heredilius  nils  jlraedictis,  ac  sois  ministris,  stnt 
intendentes  et  respondentes,  conBUlentee  et  auxiliaates,  super  bis,  si  necesae  fuerit,  nostra  regali 
poteatia  invocBta,  sine  aliquo  alio  maadato  nostro  speciaU  interveniente.  Volomusque  et  con. 
cedimns,  qaod  dictns  Thomas,  et  heredes  sui  praedicti,  babeanl,  teasant,  et  posffideant  dictmn 
comitatnm,  cum  manerio  de  Elgyn,  quod  pro  c&pitali  mansione  comitatos  MoraviAe  de  c^ero 
teneri  rolnmus  ct  vocari,  et  cum  aliis  omnibus  maneriis,  burgis,  nUts,  thanagiia,  et  omnibus 
terris  nostris  dominicis,  finnis,  et  exitibus  infra  praedictas  metaa  contentiB,  com  advoca> 
tionibns  ecclesianim,  cum  feodis  et  forisfacturis,  cum  silvis  et  foreetis,  moiis  et  maresiiB,  cum 
viis  et  semitiB,  com  aqnis,  stagnis,  lacabus,  vivariis,  et  molendinis,  com  piscationibns  tun 
maris  quam  aquae  dulcis,  cum  venationibas,  ancupadcmibua,  et  avium  aeriis,  cum  omnibus 
aliis  UbertatJbus,  commoditatibna  ayiiamentis,  et  justis  pertinentiis  snls,  in  omnibus,  et  per 
.  omnia,  tam  non  nominatis  quam  nominads ;  quibus  betedibus  dicti  Thomae  masenlis  defidenti- 
bus,  quod  absit,  rolumns,  quod  dktus  comitatus  ad  dos,  et  beredes  noetros,  Itbere  et  intc^pie,  ac 
sine  aliqua  contradictioDe,  revertatmr.  Volumus  etiam  et  ctmcedimus,  pro  nobis  et  beredibus 
nostris,  qnod  orones  borones  et  libere-tenentes  dicti  comitatus,  qui  de  nobis  et  praedecessoribos 
noBtris  in  capite  tennenmt,  et  eorum  heredes,  dicto  Ttiomae,  et  beredibus  suis  praedictia,  boma. 
gia,  fidditales,  aectas  curiae,  et  omnia  alia  serritia  fadant,  et  baronias  et  tenementa  soa,  de  ipso, 
et  heredtbna  sais  ^raedictis,  de  cetero  teneant  j  Balvia  tamea  baronibus  et  libere-tenentibuB  prae- 
dictis,  ac  eorum  beredibus,  juribus  et  libertatibus  curiarum  suamm  hactenns  juste  usitatia.  Vo- 
Inmus  insnper  et  concedimoa,  quod  burgi  et  burgenses  aoi  de  Elgyn,  de  Fores,  et  de  Invimame, 
easdem  libertates  habeant  et  ezeirceant  quas  tempore  Domini  Alexaadri  rcfps  Scotiae  praedicti  et 
Doetro  habuerant;  hoc  solum  salvo,  quod  de  nobis  tenebaut  sine  medio,  etmmcdeeodemComile 
tenesnt,  cum  eisdem  libertatibus.  Salvo  etiam  nobis,  et  beredibus  nostris,  in  hac  donatioQe  nos- 
tra, buigo  nostro  de  Invimess,  ciun  loco  castelli  ei  terris  ad  dictum  burgom  pertinentibas,  com 
piacatione  aquae  de  Niss,  et  cum  molendinis  aquae  ejusdem,  cum  sequela  dicti  burgi,  et  terra- 
ram  ad  ipeum  burgum  taatummodo  pertinentium ;  et  salvis  nobis  et  beredibus  ooetria  fideUtati- 
bua  epiacopornm,  abbatum,  priorum,  et  aliorum  praelatorum  ecdesiae  Moraviensis,  et  advoca' 
tione  seu  jure  patronatua  ecclesiarum  earundem,  eL  eorum  statu,  in  omnibus  quern  habnerunt 
tempore  ReffM  Alexandri  praedicti,  et  aliorum  piaedeceasonim  nostromm  R^um  Scotiae ;  ex- 
cepts quod  homines  eorundem  citali  per  nos  ad  defensionem  regni  nostri  intendaat  vexillo,  ^ 
sequi  teneantur  vexUlum  dicti  Thomae  Comiiia,  et  heredum  suorum  praedictorum,  una  cum 
oliia  qui  vexillum  Moraviae  sequi  solebant  antiquitus ;  faciendo  nobis,  et  beredibus  nostris,  dic- 
tuB  lliomas,  et  heredes  sui  praedicti  pro  dicto  comitatu,  servitium  octo  militum  in  exercitu  nostni, 
et  Scoticanum  servitium,  et  aujdlium  de  singulis  davaeU  debitum  et  consaetum,  tantommodo, 
aine  secta  curiae  ad  quamconqae  curiam  nostram  facienda.  In  cnjus  rei  testimonium,  praesenti 
cartae  nostrae  sigiUum  nostrum  praecepimus  apponi.  Testibua,  Venerabilibus  Palribus  WilleU 
mo  Sancti  Andreas,  WiDelmo  Dunkeldensi,  Henrico  Aberdinensi,  Dd  gratia,  Episcopia;  Ber- 
Qudo  Abbate  de  Aberbrothock  Qoncellario  nostro,  Malcolmo  Comite  Levenox,  Gilberto  de 
Haya,  Roberto  de  Ketb  Marescallo  Scotiae,  Alexandro  Margua  et  Henrico  de  Ssncto  Claro, 
Militibua. 


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TVdnslation  of  No.  I. 

RoreKT,  King  of  the  Scots,  by  the  favour  of  God,  health  to  all  the  worthy  people  of  all  his  land. 
Know  ye  that  we  have  given,  granted,  and  by  this  our  present  deed,  confirmed  to  our  beloved 
nephew,  Thomas  Randolph,  Knight,  for  bis  homage  and  service,  all  our  lands  in  Moray,  as  they 
were  held  by  Lord  Alexander,  King  of  Scotland,  our  immediate  predecessor, — tc^ether  with  all 
the  other  adjacent  lands  contained  within  the  underwritten  limits  and  boundaries, — namely,  be- 
ginning at  the  river  Spey,  where  it  falls  into  the  ocean,  and  so  ascending  by  the  same  river,  eom- 
prehending  the  lands  of  Fochaber,  Rothenayks,  Rothes,  and  Boharm, — and  their  pertinents  by 
their  proper  Unuts  and  eonfines, — and  thence,  ascending  by  the  said  nver  Spey,  even  to  the  con- 
fines of  Badenangh ;  and  so  comprehending  all  the  lands  of  Badenaugh,  and  Kyncardyn,  and 
of  Olencam,  with  their  pertinents,  by  tbeir  proper  boundaries  and  marches, — and  so  along  the 
confines  of  Badenaugh  even  to  the  boundary  of  Lochabre,  and  including  the  lands  of  Locbabre, 
of  Maymer,  of  Lerharketh,  of  Glengarech,  and  of  Glenelg,  with  their  pertinents  by  their  proper 
confines  and  boundaries ;  and  so  along  the  march  of  Glenelg  even  to  the  Western  Ocean,  and 
ibea  along  the  Western  Ocean  even  to  the  northern  boundaries  of  Argyle,  which  appertain  to 
the  Earl  of  Ross,  and  so  along  those  boundaries  even  to  the  confines  of  Ross,  and  thus  by  the 
boundaries  of  Ross  even  until  the  river  of  Feme,  and  thus  by  the  river  of  Feme  even  unto  the 
£astem  Ocean, — to  be  possi^ssed  and  held  of  us  and  of  our  heirs,  by  the  said  Thomas  and  his 
beirs  male,  lawfully  begotten  or  to  (>e  b^otten  in  feu  and  heritage,  in  free  court  and  free  reality 
respecting  the  four  pleas  of  our  CrowA  Royal,  and  with  all  suits  and  complaints,  as  well  in  the 
commcm  indictments,  as  in  the  short  pleas,  and  in  all  other  suits  whatever  pert^ning  to  a  free 
regality,  or  pertaining  tn  odier  valid  manner  as  freely,  quietly,  fully,  and  honourably ;  so  as  that 
no  other  land  in  our  dominion  could  be  given  or  held  in  regolity  more  freely,  fuUy,  quietly,  or 
honourably;  together  with  our  great  custom  of  the  Borough  of  Inverness,  and  with  the  Cocket 
theftof,  and  with  his  priviliges  in  all  things,  only  excepting  the  small  custom  ofthe  said  Borough, 
with  perfect  power  of  attaching,  impleading,  and  managing  in  whole,  and  judging  in  all  things 
making  trespass,  damage,  or  prejudice  unduly  upon  the  said  customs  in  the  said  Shire,  as  freely 
in  all  things  as  oorselves,  or  any  of  our  ministers  themselves  are  or  were  empowered  to  attach, 
implead,  manage,  or  judge  in  the  premises,  and  that  the  said  Earl  and  his  beirs,  shall  have  in  all 
time  to  come,  and  possess  as  freely  and  quietly,  the  fines,  escheats,  and  forfeitures,  which  may 
fall,  us  we  or  any  of  our  predecessors,  have  at  any  time  bad  thesaid  fines,  escheats,  or  forfeitures. 
Wherefore,  we  strictly  charge  and  command  our  Sheriff  of  Inverness,  and  his  Officers,  and  the 
Magistrates  and  Officers  of  the  said  Borough  for  the  time  being,  and  all  others  whom  it  may  con. 
cem,  in  as  far  as  it  shall  be  needful  concerning  these,  having  called  forth  our  Royal  powers, 
without  the  intervention  of  any  other,  our  special  command  that  they  shall  be  attending,  succor- 
ing, aiding,  and  advising  the  said  Earl,  and  his  said  heirs,  and  their  servants.  And  we  will  and  , 
grant,  that  the  said  Thomas,  and  his  foresaid  heirs,  shall  have,  hold,  and  possess,  the  said  Earl- 
dam,  with  the  manor-place  of  Elgin,  which  we  will,  shall  henceforth  be  held  and  called  the  prin. 
cipal  message  of  the  Earldom  of  Moray,  and  with  all  other  manors,  castles,  towns,  thanedoms, 
and  all  oar  messuages,  steadings,  and  outsets  contained  within  the  said  boundaries,  with  the  ad- 
Towsons  of  the  churches  with  their  rights  and  forfeitures,  with  woods,  forests,  moors,  marshes. 

5  P 

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434  APPENDIX. 

vith  roads,  and  pnths,  with  waters,  poola,  lakes,  p&rks,  and  millB,  with  fisberies,  both  in  tbe  sea 
and  in  fresh  waters,  with  hunting,  bankings,  and  aeiries,  with  oU  other  liberties,  coKunoditiM, 
easements,  and  his  just  pertinents  in  all  and  by  all,  as  well  not  named  as  named.  Which  male 
heirs  of  the  said  Thomas  failing,  which  God  forbid,  we  will  that  the  said  Earldom  revert  freely 
and  fully  without  any  gtUnsaying  to  us,  and  to  our  heirs.  And,  moreorer,  we  will  and  grant, 
for  ourselves  and  our  heirs,  that  all  the  Barons  and  free  tenants  of  the  said  Earldom,  who  hold 
immediately  of  as  and  of  our  predecessors,  shall  henceforth  hold  of  tbe  said  Thomas  and  of  his 
heirs,  their  Baronies  and  tenements,  and  perform  homage,  fidelity,  and  sails  of  court,  and  all 
other  service, — reserving,  however,  to  the  said  Barons  and  free  tenants,  and  their  heirs,  the  rig^ 
and  priviliges  of  their  own  courts,  hitherto  justly  possessed.  We  will,  moreover,  and  grant,  that 
the  Boroughs  of  Elgin,  Forres,  and  Nairn,  and  their  Burgesses,  shall  have  and  exercise  the  same 
priviliges  which  they  have  had  both  in  our  reign,  and  in  the  reign  of  the  aaid  Lord  Alexander, 
King  of  Scotland, — with  this  single  reservation,  that  what  they  held  immediately  of  us,  they  now  hold 
tbeeamepriviligesof  the  said  Earl, — reserving  also  from  this  our  donation  to  ourselves,  and  to  our 
heirs,  our  citadel  orinvemesSj  with  the  groond  of  the  Castle,  and  the  lands  pertaining  to  the  sud 
citadel,  with  the  fishery  of  the  river  Ness,  and  the  mills  on  the  said  river,  with  the  sequela  of  the 
said  Borough,  and  of  the  lands  pertaining  only  to  the  Boroi^h  itself, — reserving  also  to  ns  and 
to  our  heirs,  the  loyalty  of  the  Bishops,  Abbots,  Priors,  and  other  Dignitaries  of  the  Church 
of  Moray,  and  the  advowson  or  right  of  patron^^e  of  the  same  Kirks,  and  their  government  in 
all  things  which  they  had  in  the  reign  of  the  said  King  Alexander,  and  our  other  predecesson. 
Kings  of  Scotland,  with  the  exception,  that  their  forces  summoned  by  us,  that  they  may  attmd 
thebannerforthedefenceof  our  Kealm,  shall  beheld  to  ft^low  the  banner  of  the  said  EarllltomsB 
and  his  said  heirs,  together  with  those  who  in  former  times  iised  to  follow  the  banner  of  Moray. 
The  said  Thomas  and  bis  said  heirs  performing  to  us  and  to  our  heirs  for  thesaid  £!aridom,  the 
service  of  eight  soldiers  in  our  army, — and  tbe  Scotish  Service  and  the  due  and  usual  aid  by 
each  Daugh  only,  without  performing  the  Court-suit  in  any  Court  of  ours  whatever.  Jn  testimo. 
ny  whereof  we  have  commanded  our  Seal  to  be  set  to  this  present  Deed, — the  witnesses  being 
the  venerable  Fathers,  William  of  St  Andrews,  William  of  Dunkeld,  and  Henry  of  Aberdeen, 
Bishops  by  the  grace  of  God, — Bernard,  Abbot  of  Ardbrothe,  our  Chancellor,  Malcolm,  £ari  of 
Lenox,  Gilbert  of  Hay,  Robert  of  Keith,  Marshal  of  Scotland,  Alexander  Margos,  and  R&aj 
Sinclair,  Knights. 

No.  II. — St.  Nicholas'  Hospital  at  Spey, 

Muriel  de  Poloc  omnibus :  Sdant,  Me  dedisse  Deo  et  Beatee  Maris,  et  Sancto  Nicolao,  Tolam 
terram  meam  de  Inverorkil  per  rectas  divisas,  in  puram  Eleemosynam,  ad  habendum  in  ea  Do- 
mum  ad  receptionem  pauperum  transeuntium.  Testibus,  Andrea  Moraviensi  Episcopo,  Nicolaa 
Vicario  de  Rothys,  Symone  Vicario  de  Dundurkus,  £tc. 

Translation  of  No.  II, 

MiTRiEL  of  Poloc  to  all,  &c.    Know  that  unto  God,  and  unto  the  blessed  Mary,  and  Saint  Nicol. 


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1  hare  given  my  wbtde  land  of  Inverorldl,  by  its  proper  boundariee,  in  pure  alma  for  support  of  a 
house  there,  for  the  recepdon  of  poor  Goers  through, — the  witoeeses  being  Andrew,  Bishop  of 
Moray,  Nicol,  Vicar  of  Rothes,  and  Symon,  Vicar  of  Dondnrcas. 

No.  III.— 6Vo«<  to  the  Chapel  of  St.  Nicol. 

AUZAHDBB,  D.  Q.  Res  Scotorum,  omnibus :  Scian^  Me  dediss^  et  hac  Carta  confirmasse,  Deo 
et  Ecclesiie  Beatte  Maria,  el  Capelbe  Saacti  Nicoliu  Juxta  poatem  de  Spe,  ad  sustentationem 
Ci4>dlani  in  dicta  capella,  quatuor  marcas  annwatim  percipiendas  de  firma  Molendinomm  noa. 
troram  de  Inreniaiin.  'Testibas,  Willelmo  de  Bond  Cancellario,  W.  filio  AJani  Senescalli  Juatl. 
dario  Scolis,  M.  Comite  de  Angus  et  Katanea.  Apud  Invercullan  7mo  die  Octohris,  anno  ngid 
18to.,A.  D.  1232. 

Translation  of  No.  III. 

AtAXANDER,  King  of  Scotland  by  the  favour  of  God,  know,  &c.  That  I  have  given ,  and  by  thiit 
Deed  have  confirm^  to  Ood,  and  the  Church  of  the  blessed  Mary,  and  the  chapel  of  St.  Nicol, 
at  the  Bridge  of  Spey,  four  merica  yearly,  to  be  taken  from  the  farm  of  our  mills  of  Invemaim, — 
the  witnesses  being  William  de  Bond,  Chancellor,  W.,  son  of  Allan  Steward  Justiciary  of  Scot- 
land,  and  M.,  Earl  of  Angus  and  Caithness.— At  Cullen,  the  7tb  of  October,  in  the  18th  year  of 
our  reign,  A.  D.  1232. 

No.  W.— Grant  to  the  Kirk  of  Rotheg. 

Ommns  Sancte  matris  Ecclesis  filiis,  Andreas  EfHSCopos  Moravien^  Noveritis,  Me  dedisse, 
et  hac  Carta  confinnaase,  Deo  et  Beato  Nicolao,  et  Ho^itali  ejusdem  sito  jnxta  pontem  de  Spe, 
ad  sustentationem  pauperum,  in  puram  Eleemosynam,  Elcclesiam  de  Rolhais,  cum  omnibus  juS' 
tis  pertinentiis.  In  honun  testimonium,  buic  scripto  appensum  est  sigillum  nostrum,  cum  sub. 
scriptioiie  Fratrum 

TraTulation  of  No.  IV. 

To  all  the  sons  of  holy  Mother  Church,  Andrew,  Bishop  of  Moray — Know  that  I  have  granted, 
and  by  this  Deed  ccmfinned  to  God  and  to  blessed  Nicol,  and  to  his  Hospital  at  the  Bridge  of 
Spey,  for  the  support  of  the  poor  in  unconditioned  alms,  the  Kirk  of  Rothes,  with  all  its  just  per< 
tinents,  in  testimony  whereof  our  Seal,  with  the  signatures  of  the  Brethren,  is  set 

No.  V. — Grant  to  the  Kirk  of  Artendol. 

WnxELHDS  filius  Willelmi  Freskyni,  Salutem.  Noverit  univerdtas  vestra.  Me  dedisse  Ecdesi&f 
Sancte  Trinitatie  de  Spyny,  Bcclesiam  de  Artendol,  cum  omnibus  ad  eandem  juste  pertinenti- 
bus;  EiceptiB  decimis  bladi,  et  duabus  Davach  qua  sunt  juxta  fumglliim  meum  de  Bncharmt 


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4110  APPENDIX. 

Tie,  Bucbum  et  Athelnatliorcb,  quarum  (MimeB  deoiim  de  Usdo,  totfaoritat&BridiEpisc^ 
Moravienus,  ossig^natae  sunt  Capdle  mee,  de  CaHt«Uo  meode  Botjunn,  ad  soaleiitatioDemGapei- 
lani  ejusdem  Capelle.    Testibua,  D.  B.  Morav.  E^Mopo,  Hagtme  fratre  meo,  &c. 

Trantiation  of  \o.   V. 

WiLLUH,  the  son  of  William  fiedcya%  health,  &gi.  Let  it  b«  uniMwaaU^  kavwD,  thcb  to  the 
Kirk  of  the  holy  Trinity  of  Sgynif,  I  have  bestoved  tbs  fkirk  of  Aitoided;  widi  til  the  jiut  peiliik 
ents  thereof,  excepting  tbeiefrom  theTicudsof  thecxHS,  and  the  twoDai^^hst  whieh  an  adjoin* 
ing  to  my  castleofBofaum,— -namely,  Bohmns.aDdAtbdnadioroh,  whereof  all  ^'Deodaoftli* 
com  are  allocated  by  the  autboritp  <^  Brace,  Bisbop  of  M<»By.  to  my  cbapsl  of  oqr  catflie  of  Bdi- 
arm,  for  the  support  of  a  chaplain  for  the  same  chapel,  the  witness  D.  B-j  Bisht^  of  Momy,  and 
my  brother  Hugh. 

No.  VI. — Grant  of  the  Kirk  of  Iwoeravon. 

Ownaaa,  6x.  Ricardus  D.  O.  M(>ra*ien>jfi  Elpiscopus,  NorarU  UniversUas  vCkStra,  Me  dedine 
Andreas  Presl^tero  de  Brechyn,  KedeBiam  de  laverhoren  in  piirain  EUeentoe^iaiD,  cum-  omni- 
bus Jnstia  pertinentiis,  sains  in  ommbus  Episcopalibua  reclitudlnibus  et  oonftwetadi luhna.  Testi. 
huH,  Gilchryat  Com.  de  Mar,  Msgistro  Roberto  Archidiacooo,  &«v 

Translation  of  No.   VI. 

To  all,  &c.  Richard,  Bishop  of  Moray,  by  the  favour  of  God, — let  it  be  known  universally,  tiial 
I  have  given  to  Aodrew,  Presbyter  of  Brechin,  the  Kkk  of  lov^wvon,  ia  complete  aboa,  with  all 
its  just  pertinents, — reeerving  all  the  Epsoopalian  rights  and  citatoma — witBcaaest  GUchrysl, 
Eaxl  of  Mar,  Mr  Robert  Archdeaom,  &c. 

No.  Vll. — Grant  of  the  Kirk  of  Inverhoveu. 

llNiTBEtsis  Sanctae  motris  filiis,  Malcolmos  Comesde  Fyfe  Salntem.  Sciant,  praeaentes,  &c.  Me 
dedisae,  et  hac  Carta  confirmaase,  Deo  et  Episcopo  Moraviensi,  Ecdesiam  Beati  Petri  de  Inver- 
hoven,  cum  vma  Davach  terrae  ad  earn  jutte  pertiuente  in  Invertioven,  qvtaa  Bricina  tflouil,  eC 
cum  omni  Parochia  totius  Strathoven,  cum  decimts  et  oblatioiubB3,.in  perpetuam  EleemoaynanL 
Testibua,  Duncano  et  Davide  fratribus  m«s,  Willelmo  fiiUo  Duncaai,  &c. 

Translation  of  No.   VII. 

Malcolm,  Earl  of  Fife,  health  to  all  the  aons  of  holy  Mother, — let  it,  by  these  presents  be  known, 
that  I  have  given,  and  by  this  Deed  ctxafirmed  In  perpetual  alms  to  God,  and  to  the  Bisfaopa  of 
Moray,  the  Kirk  of  St  Peter  of  Inverboven,  with  <me  Daugh  of  land  in  Inverhoveo,  justly  tfaereto 
pertaining,  whicb  Bruce  posaesaed,  with  all  the  paroebiiJa  of  th«  whi^  of  Inverhoveo,  with  tbo 


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APPENDIX.  437 

nendB  and  OUsdotu, — witOMMa,  naj'  biodMn,  DoncMi  and  Daiid,  and  Williun,  «oti  of  Dan. 

can,  &c 

No.  VIII. — Indenture,  Robert  Stuart,  and  Isabel  Macduff; 
Sybbalds  History  of  Fife. 

Indenture  betwixt  Robert  Seneacall,  Earl  ofMenteith,  and  Isabel,  Countess  of  Fife,  of  the  data 
the  penult  day  of  March,  1371 ; — \tj  which  the  said  Countess  acknowledges  the  said  fiarl  to  be 
her  lawful  heir  apparent, — as  well  by  the  Tailzie  made  by  Umquhile  Duncan,  Eari  of  f^fe,  her 
faiher,  to  Allan,  Earl  of  Menteith,  the  grandfather  of  the  Lady  Mai^raret,  the  spouse  of  the  said 
Robert,  now  Earl,  as  by  the  Tailzie  made  by  the  Lady  lubel  herself,  end  her  Umquhile  husband, 
Walter  Senescoll,  the  brother  of  the  said  Robert,  Earl  of  Menteith,  to  the  foresaid  Earl,  where- 
by, upon  the  Earl's  assisting  her  in  the  recovery  of  her  Earldom,  which  she  by  force  and  fear 
had  reaped,  when  it  is  recovered,  she  shall  presently  resign  it  in  the  King's  hands,  to  infeft  the 
Eari  in  it,  who  shall  receive  sasine  of  the  feud  of  the  E^ldom,  with  the  leading  of  the  men  of 
it,  their  wards,  reliefs,  marrit^es,  and  escheats.  The  courts  of  the  Earldom  shall  be  holden  by 
him ;  and  the  said  Countess  is  to  have,  all  the  days  of  her  life,  the  free  tenement  of  the  lands  of 
the  Earldom,  except  the  third  part,  alloted  to  Mary,  Countess  of  Fife,  the  mother  of  the  sud  Lady 
Isabel,  all  the  time  of  her  life  in  ossedation ;  and  upon  the  death  of  the  said  Mary,  the  Countess, 
the  said  Earl  shall  have  her  whole  third  part  Aqfl  it  is  agreed,  the  said  Earl  shall  have,  in  his 
keeping,  the  castle  of  Falkland,  with  the  forest  of  it.  To  the  performance  of  all  which,  they,  on 
both  sides,  bound  themselves  l^  their  oath  corporally,  and  put  it  to  their  seals,  &c. 

No.  IX. — Grant  to  the  Church  if  CromdaU. 

Omnibds,  &C.  Malcolmus  Comes  de  Fife,  Salutem :  Sciant,  Me  dedisse,  et  praesenti  carta  c»a- 
Armasse,  Episcopis  Moraviensibas,  in  perpetuam  Eleemosynam,  Jus  Fatronatus  Ecclesite  do 
Cromdale.  Testibus,  Thoma  Priore  de  Urchard,  Davide  Comitis  filio,  Waltero  de  Moravia, 
Alezandro  Vicecomite  de  Elgyn,  Thoma  Aectore  Eccle^  de  Lannabryde. 

Translation  of  No.  IX. 

Malcolh,  Eiul  of  Fife,  health  to  all,  &c.  Let  them  know  that  I  have  given,  and  by  these  pre- 
sents confirmed  to  the  Bishops  of  Moray  in  perpetual  alms,  the  right  of  Patronage,  to  the  Kirk 
of  Cromdale — witnesses,  Thomas,  Prior  of  Urchart,  David,  son  of  the  Ead,  Walter  of  Moray, 
Alexander,  Sheriff  of  Elgin,  and  Thomas,  Rector  of  the  Church  of  Lhanhryde. 

No.  X.—Title-Beed  of  Finlarg. 

AuoulNOBR  Rex  Scottorum,  &c.  Sciant,  Me  dedisse  et  conGnnasse  Andre*  Episoopo  Moravi- 
eugi,  et  Successoribus  ejus,  Tres  Davach  de  Fynlarg  in  Strathspe,  in  excambio  nemoris  quod 
appellator  Kawood,  et  in  excambium  Logynfydienach,  de  qua,  aciz.    Logynfythenach,  idem 

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428  APPENDIX. 

JBpIscopu*  nSabctet  pro  nobis,  et  plenorium  gntntom  fadet  WUldaao  Archidfaoono  MonrisBi 
et  sacceseoribuB  ejuB.  TestibuB,  P.  Camite  de  Dunbar,  M.  Comite  de  Fyf^  W.  filio  Alani  Senea. 
ralli  JuBticiario  Bcotite,  &c.  Apnd  Dischiu^on  in  NorthtunbriA,  ondecimo  die  SeptembiiB,  anno 
D.  Regis  S3do. 

Tranahtion  of  No.  X. 

Alexander,  King^  of  Scotland,  &c.,  know  tbat  I  have  granted  and  cohfinnedto  Andrew,  Bislop 
of  Moray  and  bis  enccessors,  the  three  Daughs  of  Finlarg  in  Strathspey,  in  exchange  for  the 
wood  which  is  called  Kaw  wood,  and  in  exchange  for  Loggy  fy  tbenach, — that  the  same  Bishop 
shall  Batiafy  for  us,  and  shall  make  a  plenary  grant  of  Lc^gy  fy  tbenach  to  William,  Archd^  of 
Moray,  and  hia  succesBors — witDesBea,  P.,  Earl  of  Donbar,  M.,  Earl  of  Fife,  W.,  son  of  Allan 
Steward,  Justiciary  of  ScoUand,  &c.  At  Dischintoo,  in  Northumberland,  the  1  Itb  day  of  Sep- 
tember, in  the  twenty-second  year  of  the  dominaticai  of  the  King. 

No.  XI. — Grranf  of  the  Kirk  of  Inveralyon. 

WiLTZBtn  de  Moravia  Miles,  &&  Sciant  nnirersi.  Me  dedisse  Deo  et  Ecdesise  Sancte  Trinita. 
lis  de  Elgyn,  in  perpetoam  Eleemosynam,  ad  sustenlalionem  f^iicte  qusdem,  Ecclesiam  de  !□- 
veralyen,  cum  omnibus  juste  pertinenliis.  Testibus,  Andrea  Episcopo  Moraviend,  Comite  dtt 
Sobs,  Symone  Vicano  de  Dondoikus,  &c.     ^ 

Translation  of  No.  XI. 

Walt£b  of  Moray,  Knight,  Sec.  Be  it  known  to  all,  that  I  have  given  fn  free  alms  to  God,  and 
to  the  Kirk  of  the  Holy  Trinity  in  El^,  for  snstaining  the  fabric  thereof,  the  Kirk  of  Inreraly- 
on,  with  nil  its  proper  pertinents — witnesses,  Andrew,  Bishop  of  Moray,  the  Eari  of  Ross,  Simon, 
Vicar  of  Dnndnicas,  &g. 

No.  XII. — For  Rothemurcas. 

ALBXiities  D.  G.  Rex  Scottoram,  &c.  Sciant,  Me  dedisse,  et  confinnassct,  Deo  et  FiCfiladiP 
MoraTlenai  et  Andres  Episcopo  Moravite,  et  BaccesBoribas  ^ns,  lerram  de  Rotemorchos,  per 
euas  rectas  divisas,  in  escambium  terrarom  quas  prsdictuB  Episcopos  petiit  in  Forestis  nostris, 
viz.  unam  Davacb  terrse  et  dimidium  in  foresta  de  Inverlailan  apud  Galrunelon  et  Belothin,  et 
dimidium  Davacb  in  landia  Morgund;  et  quartam  partem  uniosDavach  in  Plusoarden,  et  Dimi- 
dium Davach  in  Tamna,  et  in  eadem  Foresta  dimidium  Davacb  ex  altera  parte  aquie  de  Find- 
ar^  ex  opposito  Ecdesiffi  de  Logyn,  et  triginta  acras  in  Whytefield  apud  Rath,  et  qnindedm  ac- 
roe  apad  Doldavy.  Salvis  eidem  Episcopo,  et  aucceBBoribiis  ejus,  aliis  tenia  et  pasturia  per  rec- 
tal divisas,  qoas  ipse,  et  praedecessores  sui,  juste  habuerunt  in  forestis  nostris  ante  istam  donati- 
«nem ;  tenendas  pnedicto  Episcopo  et  successoribus  ^us,  ita  libere  et  quiete,  sicut  alii  Episcopi 
JScoti  terras  suas  quietius  et  Uberius  leneot  et  possident,  Faciendo  forinsecum  servitiom,  quod  ad 


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APPENDIX.  4S& 

terrain  Qlam  pertineL  ConeeBsimaB  igltnr  praetUcto  Andne,  et  miccessoribas  ejos,  praedictam 
temm  de  Kotemorchua  in  forestam  :  Quare  prohibemtu  Gnniter,  ne  qui^  in  eadem  terra,  eine 
eomm  licentia  eicGetai  aut  venetor,  BUper  nostram  plenaiiam  forisfactiiram  decern  libramm. 
Teatibus,  Comlte  FUrickt,  Comite  Malcolmo  de  Fyfe,  Alano  filio  Boluidi  Cancellaho,  &c.  apnd 
Stryrdyn,  31mo  Martii.  anno  legni  12mo. 

Translation  of  No.  XII. 

Alexakder,  by  the  favonr  of  God,  King  of  tbe  Scots,  &c.  Know  that  I  have  granted  and  con- 
firmed to  God  and  to  the  Church  of  Moray,  and  lo  Andrew,  Bishop  of  Moray,  and  bis  enccessors, 
Hk  land  of  Rolbemnrcas,  by  its  proper  boundings,  in  excban^  for  the  land  which  the  Bishop 
claimed  in  our  forests,  namely,  one  Daugb  and  an-half  of  land  in  tbe  forest  of  Inrertailani 
Galnnmelon,  and  Balodiin,  and  the  h«lfDangh(a  Daugh  of  land  is  four  ploughs  of  land)  in  tbe 
.  land  of  Morgnnd,  and  the  fourth  part  of  <ne  Daugfa  in  Fluacarden,  and  the  half  of  a  Dau^  in 
Tamoa,  and  in  the  same  forest,  balf-a  Daugh  cm  the  other  aide  of  the  river  Findom,  opposite  to 
the  Kiik  of  Loggie,  and  thirty  acres  of  Whitefield  at  Rath,  and  fifteen  acres  at  Duldavy, — reserr- 
ing  to  the  same  Bishop  and  his  successors,  all  tbe  other  lands  and  pastnragea  by  their  proper 
boondings,  which  he  and  hia  predecessors  justly  possessed  in  our  forests  before  this  grant  j — to 
be  possessed  by  tbe  said  Bishop  and  his  successors  as  freely  and  uncontrovertedly  as  the  other 
Bishops  of  Scotland  bold  and  possess  their  lands  freely  and  without  dispute, — performing  the 
Natitmal  Service  allocated  on  that  land.  We  have;  therefore,  granted  the  said  Andrew,  and  his 
aaccesson  the  said  land  in  the  forest  of  Rothemurcas.  Wherefore,  we  strictly  prohibit  any  one 
from  cuttii^  timber,  or  hunting,  without  their  licence,  in  the  same  land,  under  our  full  forfeit  of 
ten  pounds — witnesses.  Earl  Patrick.  Malcolm,  Earl  of  Fife,  Allan,  tbe  son  of  Roland  the  Chan- 
cellor, &c.    At  Stirling,  3lBt  of  March  in  thetweUUi  year  of  our  reign. 

No.  XIII. — Grant  of  the  Church  of  Rothemurcas. 

OioaaDS,  Sec  Andreas  MtyaviensiB  Episcopus  salutem.  Noreritis  nnirersi,  Me  dediase,  et  hac 
Carta  Confirmasse,  et  consensu  et  Toluntate  capitoli,  Deo  et  Beatae  Mariae  in  ecclesia  Sanctae 
TrinitatiB  de  Elygn,  ad  lomenaie  qnadem  ecdesiae,  ecclesiam  de  Rotemorchus  in  Stralhspe  in 
perpetuam  Eaeemosynam.  Et  banc  pa^^nam,  manu  propria  scriptam,  sjgilli  noatri  ^poaitioDe 
dnximus  corrobonmdtun.  Teatibns.  Freakyna  Decauo,  Magistro  Ricardo  Cantore,  Magistro  Hen- 
rico Tbesaurario,  &c. 

Translation  of  No.  XIII. 

AifVtEW,  Bishop  of  Moray,  to  all,  kc.,  hesllb.  Know  all  men,  that  I  have  given,  and  with  tba 
good-wiD  and  consent  of  tbe  Chapter,  have  by  this  Deed  confirmed  in  perpetual  alms  to  God 
and  lo  tbe  blessed  Mary,  in  the  Kirk  of  the  Holy  Trially  of  Elgin,  to  light  that  Kirk—tfae  Kirk 
of  Rothemurcas  in  Strathspey,  and  for  strengthening  this  Deed,  written  by  onr  own  hand,  we 


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430  APPBNDIJf. 

bave  ordeKd  oar  Seal  to  be  set— withesBCs,  FrcskTti,  the  Denn,  BCksCer  Rhfaml,  thr  nawilHi, 
Master  Heniy  the  Cashier,  &c. 

No.  XIV. — Charter  of  Tnnea  in  the  po»ae»non-  ef  the  Proprietor. 

Malcolhub  Rex  Scottorum,  omnibuB  probis  hominibus  totins  teme  snae,  salutem.  Sciatis,  Me 
in  feodo  et  hereditate  dedisse  Berowaldo  FlaadreBsi  in  Prorineia  de  Elgyn  Idccss  et  Ester-Ure- 
card  per  rectaa  eorum  divisas,  teneDdum  sibi  et  heiedibus  auia,  de  me  et  heredibne  meis,  heredi- 
tarie,  libere  qoiete  in  boaco,  in  ptano,  in  campia,  pratia,  pascals,  in  morts  et  aqitia ;  Fadendo 
mihi  inde  senitioin  nnius  militis  in  caatro  meo  de  £Jgyne.  Praelerea  ei  dono  in  bargo  mao  de 
Klgyne  ndom  toftum  ploiarinm.  Tenendum  aimnl  cum  preedieto  feodo  mo,  ita  libere  M  qaiele 
■Icut  aliqnis  ex  pnibus  ania  liberiuB  et  quietius  tenet  toftnm  anum  aut  feodum  snom.  Teatibo^ 
WilUelmo  Kfeia*ienra  E[HSoopD  Sedis  ApoetoUcae  Legato,  MarlasaaBO  Mo  CoHmudi,  WillidaM 
Alio  Preagyn.    AjMid  Perdi,  in  Natsli  Domini  pioxiao  poat  coaeonHaia  Be^  M  StwrariedL 

Tramhtitm  of  No.  XIV. 

Malcolm,  King  of  the  Scots,  health  toaU  the  honeatmen  of  all  his  land.  Know  ye  Aat  I  have 
giren  in  fen  ^d  heritage  to  Beroff  aid  of  Flanders,  Innes,  in  the  Shire  of  Elgin,  acending  to  Ibeir 
proper  bonndings,  to  be  holden  by  him  and  his  hdrs  of  me,  and  of  my  hein  beril^ty,  ttvAy, 
and  quietly,  in  woods,  in  planes  and  fields,  meadors,  pasturages,  moors,  snd  waters, — perfbnit- 
ing  fo  the  service  therefore  of  one  soldier  in  my  castle  of  EUgin.  Moreover,  I  give  to  him  one 
entire  Toft  in  my  Borough  of  Etgin,  to  be  holden  together  with  Us  said  fea,  as  freely,  and  qaiet> 
ty  as  that  none  of  his  equals  hfAA  their  fen  and  toft  more  freely  or  quietly— witnesses,  WtUiam, 
Bishop  of  Moray,  Iiegate  from  the  Apostolic  seat,  Marleaian,  the  son  of  Colbnrn,  William,  Aa 
son  of  Fieskyn.  At  Pert]M>n  the  nativity  of  our  Redeemer,  next,  after  the  peace  between  the  Kii% 


No.  XV. — Charier  for  ike  Houte  of  God,  m  the  neighbourhood 
of  Elgin. 

UFiTKKnB,  &e.  Johumea  ecdealae  M<HravieniiB  Minister,  Salutem :  Noverit  nniTarritaa  vertn, 
Nos  Inspexisae  qoandam  Cattam  excellenHsBlml  Prineliria  Domini  David  D.  G.  Regi»SGOttt>raab 
sigillo  Buo  authentico  signatam,  Ciyus  Cortae  tenor  talis  est,  viz.  "  David  D.  G.  Rex  Seottoraa. 
Sciant,  Noa  Inspexisse  Cartam  bcmae  memoriae  Alexandti  Regis  predeceesoris  nostri,  Ct^oa 
Cartae  tenor,  de  verbo  in  verbum,  est  talis,  viz.  Alexander  D.  <]t.  Rex  Seottorum,  Sciant,  Nob  de- 
diise  Deo  et  Sancto  Johanni  Evangelistae,  et  Domui  Def  juxta  Elgyn  in  perpetuam  Eleemosy. 
nam,  Terras  de  Monben  et  de  Kelles,  per  rectas  divisM  anas,  ad  receptionem  paupoma,  et  sos. 
tentationem  eonmdem  in  eadem  domo.  Testibua,  Willielmo  £pisc<^  Glai^[uensi  Cancdladti^ 
W.  filio  Alani  Senescalli  Justiciario  Scotiae,  Alano  Hoadario  Comite  Alholiae,  David  de  Ha«- 
yng*.  apud  Abwdaw,  23«  Febmari^  anno  Regni  31a  (1335.)" 


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APPENDIX.  '  4S1 

Tremslation  of  No.  XV. 

John,  Bishop  of  the  Cathedral  of  Moray,  wishes  health  to  idl  his  Diocese.  Let  it  be  hereby 
known,  that  we  have  loolted  into  a  certain  Deed  of  the  most  excellent  Prince  Lord  David,  by  the 
faTonr  of  God,  King  of  the  Scots, — sealed  by  his  own  authentic  Seal,  of  which  this  is  the  toxv, 
riz.  David,  D.  G.  King  of  the  Scots,  know  all  that  we  have  examined  a  Deed  of  King  Alexander, 
otir  predecessor,  of  honoured  memorial,  the  tenor  of  which,  and  word  for  word,  is  thos — viz. 
Alexander,  D.  G.  King  of  the  Scots,  know  all  men,  that  we  hare  given  in  perpetual  alms  to  God 
and  to  St  John  the  Evangelist,  and  to  the  bouse  of  God  at  Elgin,  the  lands  of  Mount  Bean,  and 
of  Kelles,  within  th^  proper  boundinga,  for  the  receiving  of  the  poor,  and  for  their  enterttun- 
ment  in  that  house — witnesses,  William,  Bishop  of  Gla^ow,  the  Chancellor,  William,  the  son 
of  Allan  Stuart,  Justiciar  of  Scotland,  Allan  Bannennan,  Earl  of  Athol,  David  Hastyngs.  At 
Aberdeen,  23d  Febroary,  in  the  twenty-fiist  year  of  oar  rdgn,  (I23S.) 

No.  XVI. — Chant  of  DunnaUitk. 

OmnaDS,  &c.  Hugo  Herock  burgensis  de  Elgyn.  Noveritis,  Me  pro  ealnte  animn  mese,  dedisss 
Deo  et  Sancts  Maris,  necnon  et  Ecdeais  Sanctse  Trinitatis  de  Elgyn,  et  Archibaldo  Epis«>po 
Moraviensi,  Totam  terram  meom  de  Daldeleyth,  cum  omnibus  pertinentiia,  ad  sustentationem 
dnorum  Capellanomm  :  Ita,  riz.  ut  unus  teneatur  divina  celebrare  ad  altare  Sancd  Nicolai  in 
Ecclesia  Sancte  TrinitatiB  de  Elgyn,  et  alter  ad  altare  Sanctte  Cracls  in  Ecclesia  parocbiali  de 
Elgyn.  Testibus,  D.  Andrea  Abbate  de  Kynlos,  Simone  Priore  de  Ploscarden,  W.  Priore  de 
Urechaid,  D.  WiUelmo  de  Doleys  miliie :  Apud  Elgyn,  die  Dominico  in  festo  Nativitada  Beate 
Virginis,A.D.  1286. 

Translation  of  No.  XVI. 

Bl  it  known  to  all  men,  &c.,  that  I  Hugh  Herrock,  Burgess  of  Elgin,  have  given  to  God,  and 
St  Mary,  and  also  to  the  Kirk  of  the  Holy  Trinity  in  Elgin,  and  to  the  Bishop  of  Moray,  for  the 
Balratl<m  of  my  own  soul,  my  whole  land  of  Dmmaleith,  with  its  whole  pertinents,  for  the  sup- 
port of  two  Chaplains  thus,  namely,  ihat  one  be  settled  to  celebrate  devotion  at  the  altar  of  Saint 
Nicol,  in  the  Kirk  of  the  Holy  Trinity  of  Elgin,— and  the  other  at  the  altar  of  the  holy  Cross  in 
the  parochial  Kirk  of  Elgin — before  those  witnesses,  D.  Andrew,  Abbot  of  Kinloss,  Simon,  Prior 
of  HuBcarden,  W.  Prior  of  Uiquhard,  D.  WiUiam  of  DoUas,  Knight  At  Elgin,  on  Sondi^  in 
thefeastofthebirthoftbehlessed  Virgin,  in  the  year  of  our  Redeemer  1286. 

No.  XVII. — TRe  Iked  of  King  Duncan;  Dalrymple'e  Coll. 

Eoo  Dunecanus  Glius  R^is  Malcolumb.  Constans  beredetarie  Rex  Scotix,  dedi  in  Eleemosina. 
Sancto  Cuthberto  et  scrvitoribus,  Tinengeham,  Aldeham,  Scachale,  CnoUe,  Hatheraulch  et  de 
Brocceamuthe,  omne  servitium  quod  isde  habuit  Fodaniis  Episcopus  ;  et  haec  dedi  in  tali  quiet- 
antia,  cum  sacca  et  socco,  qnalem  nunquam  meliorem  habuit  Sanctus  Cuihbertus,  ab  illia  de  qui- 

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433  APPENDIX. 

bus  tenet  Buas  FJecmosinas  :  Et  hoc  dedi  pro  meipso,  el  pro  anima  patris  mei,  et  pro  fratribus 
meis,  et  pro  uxore  mea,  et  pro  infantibuB  meis,  et  quoniam  Tolui  quod  istud  doQum  stabile  esset 
Sancto  Cutbberto,  fed  qaod  fratres  mei  coucessere.  Qui  autem  istud  voluerit  destmere,  vel 
ministiis  Soncti  Cutbberti  aliquid  auferre,  maledictioiiein  Dei  et  Saocti  Cuthberti,  et  meom 
babeot. — Amen. 

Translation  of  No.  XVII. 

J.  Duncan,  the  son  of  King  Malcolm,  the  established  hereditary  King  of  Scotland,  have  g;iven  in 
alms  to  Saint  Cuthbert  and  his  ministry,  all  the  service  which  Bishop  Fodane  held  from  Tinen. 
geham,  Aldeham,  Scuchale,  CnoQe,  Hatberuuich,  and  Broxmuthe,  and  this  I  have  granted 
with  such  quietoesa,  and  with  court  privUeges  and  duties  as  SL  Cuthbert  never  bad  better  from 
those  from  whom  he  held  his  alma — and  this  I  have  bestowed  for  my  own  and  for  the  soul  of 
my  father,  and  for  the  souls  of  my  brothers,  of  my  wife,  and  of  my  cbildreo, — and  because  I  am 
willing  that  this  donation  shall  be  sure  to  SL  Cuthbert,  I  have  made  my  brothere  to  consent  j — 
whoever,  therefore,  may  wish  to  undo  this,  or  rob  of  any  thing  the  ministry  of  St.  Cuthbert  may 
be  suffer  the  curse  of  God,  of  St.  Cuthbert,  and  mine. — Amen. 

No.  XVIII. — Estimation  af  Geddea  and  Kilravock ; 
Pen.  Kilravock. 

ExTENTUS  terrarum  de  Kilravok  et  Ester  Geddis,  qtue  sunt  Hogonis  de  Rose  et  Mariotie  sjionge 
Bote,  factus  apnd  Innemarin,  die  Mercurii  in  festo  Sancti  Laarentii,  anno  Gratis  millesimo  da. 
centesimo  nonagesimo  quinto,  per  bono«  probos  et  fiddea  homines  patris  non  snspectos,  viz. 
per  tales,  per  Robertum  Falconarium,  Wilhelmum  Thanum  de  Moyithes,  Donevaldum  Thanam 
.  de  Kaledor,  Tbomam  Venatorem,  Fergosium  Judicem,  Akxandrum  Husband,  Johannem  filinm 
Duncani,  Duncanum  de  Urcbnie,  Waltemm  filium  Thomae,  Ricardnm  Muil,  Wilhelmum  Wod, 
Johannem  Orlet,  Hugonem  filium  Wilhelmi,  Henricum  de  Kildrumie,  Eliam  Sister,  juratoa  mag- 
no  Sacramento  interveniente,  et  diligenter  examinatos :  Qui  omues  unanimo  consensu  dixerunt, 
quod  terra  de  Kilravok,  ctmi  omnibus  pertinentiis  suis,  sciz.  cum  molendino,  brasmiB,  qnarellis, 
et  bosto,  valet  per  annum  XXlXIi  libras.  Item  dixenmt,  quod  terra  de  Ester  Geddis,  com  mo- 
lendino et  brandiniis,  valet  per  annum  XII  libras.    Summa  atriusque  XXXVI  Librae. 

Tranalati&n  of  No.  XVIII. 

Tbb  valuation  of  the  lands  of  KUravock  and  Easter  Geddes,  the  property  of  Hugh  Rose  and 
Mtuiote,  his  Lady,  made  in  Nairn  on  Wednesday,  in  the  festival  of  St  Laurence,  in  the  year  of 
Redemption  1S95,  by  good,  honest,  and  upright  men  of  good  repute,  viz.  by  these — by  Robert 
Falconer,  William,  Thane  of  Moiness,  Donald,  Thoneof  Colder,  Thomas  Hunter,  Fei^sjadge, 
Alexander  Husband,  John  Duncanson,  Duncan  Urchnie,  Walter  Thomson,  Richard  Muil,  Wil- 
liam Wood,  John  Orlet,  Hugh  Williamson,  Henry  Kildrumie,  and  Eliom  Sister,  aolemly  sworn. 


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APPENDIX.  433 

vid  specially  examined,  who  all  onanlmoualy  uud,  that  th«  land  of  Kilravock,  with  all  its  perti. 
nenis, — ^namely,  with  Multares,  Brewhooses,  CoutIb,  and  Roads,  is  voitb  twenty-four  ponoda 
yearly.  Tbty  said  also,  that  that  the  land  of  Easter  Geddes,  with  the  naill  and  brewhousea,  is 
worth  twelve  pounds  yearly, — both  amounting  to  thirty-six  pounds. 

No.  XlX—Tke  Charter  of  Little  Urchany. 

Unitbbsib,  &c.  Hnuicos  Episcopus  Moraviensis.  Noveritis,  Nos  dedisse,  et  ad  feodum  firmum 
donuisse,  nobili  viro  Donaldo  dc  Kaledore  Thayno  ejusdem,  pro  euis  beneficiis,  aoxiliis,  Scr,  no. 
,  bis  et  dilectae  ecdesiae  noBtrae,  totam  terram  nostram  deUrchanb^,  cumpertinentiis.jacentem 
infra  dominium  de  Fortherves ;  Beddendo  inde  insuper  annuatim' dictns  Donaldus,  et  heredes, 
nobis  et  BUCcesBoribus,  tredecim  solidos  et  qnatuor  Denarios  nsualis  monetae  Scotiae,  ad  dnoa 
anni  tenninos  consaetos,  viz.  Fentecoatis  et  Sancti  Martini,  per  equales  portioBes.  Apud  Can. 
oniam  Moraviensem,  lo  die  Martii,  A.  D.  1421. 

Translation  of  No.  XIX. 

Know  all  men,  &c.  that  we,  Henry,  Bishop  of  Moray,  have  given,  and  in  hereditary  feo  granted 
to  a  noble  man.  Hairy  Calder,  Thane  of  that  Ilk,  for  his  advantage  and  snpport  to  us  and  our 
beloved  Church,  &c.  our  whole  land  of  Liltlfe  Urchany,  with  its  pertinents,  lying  in  the  Ban>nv 
of  Fortherves,  the  said  Donald  and  bis  hein,  paying  yearly  from  thence  to  ua  and  to  our  suc- 
oeesors,  thirteen  shillings  and  foarpence  of  lawfiil  money,  of  Scotland,  by  eqoa]  portions  at  the 
two  nsnal  yearly  terms,  namely,  Whitsunday  and  Martinmas.  In  the  Chapter-House  of  Moray 
on  the  first  day  of  March,  A.  D.  1421. 

No.  XX. — The  Homage  of  Lord  L&mt. 

Anno  Domini  miDesimo  trecenteBimo  sexagesimo  septimo,  12o  die  Septembris,  in  cspitulo  Ec- 
desiae Moraviensis,  Hugo  Fraser  Dominus  de  Loveth,  portionarius  terrarum  de  Ard  fecit 
homagium  pro  parte  sua  dimidiae  Davachae  terrae  de  Kilcala^  el  de  Esser,  Domino  Alex- 
andro  EpiscopO  Moraviensi,  Praesenflbus  D.  Wilhelmo  de  Keith  milite  Mariscallo  Scotiae,  Jo- 
hanne  de  Dolius  Hiano  de  Cromdale,  &c. 

Translation  of  No.  XX. 

Ik  the  year  of  our  Redeemer  1367,  in  the  Chapter-House  of  the  Cathedral  Church  of  Momy, 
compeared  Hugh  Fraaer,  Lord  Lovat,  and  did  homage  to  Lord  Alexander,  Bishop  of  Moray, 
forhft  partofthehalfDaugbofthelandofKilcalaiCT,  and  ofEsser,  in  the  presence  of  these 
witnesses.  Lord  William  Keith,  Knight  Marshal  of  Scotland,  John  Dolais,  Thane  of  Cromdale. 


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434  APPENDIX. 

No.  XXI. — The  Valued  Rent  of  the  Shire  of  Moray,  eu  possessed 
by  its  Proprietors  i         , 

mCLUDDJG  THE  VALUATION  OF  THOSE  PARISHES  OF  BANFF,  NAIRN,  AND 

INVERNESS,  WHICH  ARE  COMPREHENDED  IN  THE  PROVINCE, 

AS  IN  THIS  PUBUCATION  NOTICED. 


HISTORICAL  NOTE   REGARDING  THE   VALUATION  OF  THE   LANDS 
IN   THE   KINGDOM   OF   SCOTLAND. 


When  King  WiUiam,  the  Lyon,  bargained  with  Richard  I.,  to  pay  10,000  Merits  for  the  Casdes 
of  Roxburgh  and  Beiwick,  and  other  claims  he  then  made  on  Scotland,  it  is  beliered  the  first 
general  Taluatioir  of  the  lands  of  Scotland,  fortius  assessment,  was  made  about  the  year  1189. 
Tbne  are  uncertain  conjectures  of  posterior  Talnations  by  Alexander  in.  in  1380;  and,  in  1366, 
after  the  derfeatadon  by  the  War,  which  the  rictory  of  Scotland  tenuinated  at  Baimockbuin ;  for 
the  tax  for  ransoming  King  David  H. ;  and  again,  in  1434,  for  the  expense  of  James  I.  in  Eng- 
land, and,  in  1474,  in  the  reign  of  James  HI. 

Kii^  Charles  I.  was  murdered  by  a  public  atrocity  on  30th  of  Januaiy,  1649 ;  and,  on  ttte  4tb 
ot  Angnst  thereafter,  the  Govemment,  such  as  it  was,  upon  the  ctanplaints,  reiy  generally,  <^ 
much  inequality  and  error  in  the  real  value,  which,  through  the  iniquity  of  th£  times  had  then 
occurred,  ordained  a  new  general  valuation  of  the  kingdom,  and  gave  very  proper  directiona  bt 
the  Act  of  that  date,  for  conducting  the  valuation  in  each  county.  "Hiere  is  reason,  howerer,  to 
believe,  that,  from  the  ansettled  state  of  the  Oovemment,  this  Act  had  never  been  proceeded  in ; 
but  the  more  stem  authority  of  the  Usurper  ordered  a  general  valuation,  which  was  completed  in 
1666.  In  the  firat  subsidy  granted  to  Charles  U.,  1660 — the  Acts  of  the  Usurper  being  disan- 
nulled and  treated  with  contempt — the  tax  was  allocated  by  some  of  the  preceding  erroneous 
valuations ;  bat,  in  computing  the  very  next  subsidy,  for  that  imprudent  King,  in  1667,  it  was 
deemed  expedient,  in  all  the  counties  of  the  kingdom,  to  adopt  the  valuation  maj^e  by  the  txda 
of  the  Usurper.  By  the  Act,  1670,  all  laxatiotis  imposed  on  the  land  have  been  ever  since  cmil. 
puted  by  this  ndoation  of  1606 ;  and  our  Representatives  in  the  Parliament,  where  there  is  no 
legal  proof  <rf  the  old  Talualion,  are  chosen  by  the  franchise  of  £400  Scots  of  Cromwell's  rahia- 
tiMi!!! 

By  Act  of  Padiamenl,  38lfa  Geo.  IH.  chap,  t.,  November  30, 1797,  the  sum  of  £47,934,  la.  Sd. 
is  to  be  laisod  in  Spodand  by  an  eight  months  Cess  of  £5,994,  5b.  Id.  mondily  oat  of  land-mit 
of  Bcodaad,  according  to  the  monthly  proportions  within  the  respective  Shires,  Cities,  and  Bo- 
roughs, therein  expressed. 

By  the  ActSSdi,  Geo.  HI.  chap.  Ix.,  June  21,  1798,  this  land-tax,  with  the  privilege  of  is. 
deeming  it,  is  to  continoe  to  be  raised,  yearly,  alter  the  25th  day  of  March— ^W  nwr. 


y  Google 


APPENDIX. 


435 


Abstract  of  the    Valued  Rent  of  the  Sheriffdom  of  Elgin  and 
Forrea, 

A8   IT  WAS  MADE  UP,  AND  SET  DOWN,  AND  SUBSCRIBED  BY  THB 
COMMISSIONERS,  AT  FORRES,  THE  30tH  DAY  OF  MAY,  1667. 


PARISH  OF  BELLIE. 

Proprietora  in  1667.  Proprietors  in  1826. 

The  Marquis  of  Huntly, Duke  of  Gordon,  . . 

PARISH  OF  SSSLE. 

Archibald  Geddes  of  Essie, Duke  of  Gordon,  . . 

MoiB  for  Stynie Ditto, 

J.  Stewart  and  J.  Hamilton  for  Conts,  do. 

Lainl  of  Innes  for  Corekie,    do. 

Do.    foriledhall, do- 
Do.     for  Crofts,    do. 

Do.     for  Milltown  and  Beatbill,. ...  do. 

Do.    forMillofCraigie, do. 

Do.    for  Balnaconl, do. 

PARISH  OF  URQUHART. 

Ulrd  of  Innes  for  Innes,  &c Earl  of  Fife's  Trustees, 

Do.        do.  for  Fishings  on  Spey,..  Duke  of  Gordon,  .. 

Do.        do.  forLandBofFalds,....  Earl  of  Fife's  Trustees, 

Earl  of  Callender'B  Land  Rent, do. 

Do.        do.       for  Fishing, Duke  of  Gordon, . , 

Earl  of  Murray's  Fishing do. 

I^iea  Fishing, do. 

James  Duncan,  Inchbrocke's  Fishing,  do. 

John  Innes  of  Leuchars,    Earl  of  Fife's  Trustees, 

D.  Stewart,  Commissary,  for  OverMeft,  do. 

Laird  of  Innes,  for  Nether  Meft do. 

Alex.  Maver,  Portioner,  for  Urquhart,.  do. 

Laird  of  Hothiemay  for  Locks, do. 

Do.             do.           for  Threapland,,..  do- 
Da             do.           for  Finfan do. 

Wm.  Geddes,  Portioner  of  Urquhart,..  do. 

James  Brander  there, do. 

John  Duncan  there do- 

Michael  Maver  there, do. 

Robert  Chalmer  there,    do. 

John  Rnssel  there, do- 

Robert  Innes  there,    do- 

James  Flyter  there,     do. 

Arehibald  Dunbar,  Bins do." 

William  Dunbar  of  Maverstown„. ...  do. 

A.  Anderson  of  Matthew  Mill Duke  of  Gordon,  , . 


5  S 


Scolt  Monty. 
£243     8    0 


103  6  10 
34  17  I 
47  15     6 


Total. 
£343    8    0 


£97d   a  11 

£2,887  14    7 

391     4  10 

88  14    fi 

I,4M  14  10 

880     1     6 

68fi  15     3 

440     1     6 

244  13    6 

53  17 

112  13 
78     1 
96     6 

0 

4 
« 
0 

£8,878  18    0 

L.10,096     8  11 

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436 


APPENDIX. 


PARISH  OF  DIPPLE. 

Proprietors  in  1667.                  PTQpri«tonin  1826.  Scoii  Bioney.             Torn. 

Brooght  foTvard,  •  £10,096    8  11 

Laird  of  Innes, Eari  of  Fife's  Trastoes, '  £877    7    9           877    7    9 

PARISH  OF  tHANBRIDE. 

Alexander  Innes  of  Coxtown, Earl  of  Fife's  Trustees,  £dtd  19    4 

John  Innes  of  Codrum  for  Hntton, . .               ditto,  313  16    4 

John  Innes  of  Cotta, do.  146    4    0 

James  Chalmers  for  Pitnasear, do.  68    S    0 


PARISH  OF  ST.  ANDREWS. 
R.  Gibson  of  Linkwood  &  Hillerwood,     Earl  of  Seafleld,    . . 
Alexander  Dunbar,  Braemucklty,    . .     M^or  Geoi^  I>aff, 
Geo.  Innes  for  Kirktown  and  Kirkhill,  Earl  of  Fife's  Trustees, 

Do.        for  Wester  Caldcottts ditto, 

A.  Innes  for  Dunkinty  and  Gilmersid*,  do. 

Alexander  Innes  for  Easter  Caldcools,  do. 

Do.         for  Shererstown, do. 

William  Rnssel  for  Scotatownhill,    . .     Lord  Medwyn, .... 

Bishop  of  Ross'  heirs,    James  Slnact,  .... 

J.  Tarras,  PortionerofBarflathiUs,  ..  Earl  of  Fife's  Trustees, 

Isobel  Innes  there, English  Chapel,    , , 

Archibald  Innes,  Portioner  there, ....     Ea^  of  Seafield,    . . 

Alexander  Douglas  for  Caldhame,  , .  ditto. 

Earl  of  Callander  for  Forester's  Seat,  .  Earl  of  Fife's  Trustees, 

David  Brodie  of  Pitgaveny James  Brander,    .. 

Laird  of  Iiui«s  for  Inch, Eari  of  Fife's  Trustees, 


PARISH  OF  SPYNIE. 

James  Calder  for  Sheriffinill,    Earl  of  Fife, 

Ditto,        do.  Myreside Eafl  of  Seafield,    . . 

Do.  do.  Borrow  bridge,    ....  ditto, 

Geoi^  Leslie  for  Findrasie, Lieut.-Col.  Grant,. . 

Alexander  Donglas  for  Spynie,  ....  Earl  of  Fife's  Trustees, 

James  Donhar  for  Inchbroke,   Patrick  Seller 

Robert  Martin  for  Moraystown Earl  of  Fife's  Trustees, 

Lord  Duffus  for  Kintryre(Kintrae),..  Earl  of  Fife, 

Ditto.         do.  QnarryVood, ditto, 

Do.         do.  Aldrochtie, do. 

Sheriff  of  Moray  for  Westfield, Patrick  Seller,  ..  .. 

Alexander  Dunbar  for  Biahopmill,  . .  Earl  of  Seafidd,  . . 

PARISH  OF  BIRNIE. 

Laird  of  Grant, Earl  of  Seafield,    .. 

Heirs  of  John  Dunbar, ditto. 

Relict  of  Alexander  Dunbar, do. 

.  David  Stewart,  Bailie  in  EU^a,  ....  do. 


John  Leslie  of  Middletown, . 
Heirs  of  Alexander  Spence,  . 
Heirs  of  Andrew  Lesue,  . ,  , 

James  Rob, 

James  Donaldson, 


do. 


286  11 

s 

51  3 

10 

97  9 

4 

473  4 

6 

10 

87  Id 

0 

437  IS 

4 

265  4 

H 

L3,054  13 

U 

L.72  2 

2 

115  3 

4 

69  9 

4 

136  0 

0 

193  16 

(1 

102  0 

0 

32  10 

H 

6  16 

6 

6  16 

6 

L.734  13 

6 

L.18,988  » 

e 

y  Google 


APPENDIX. 


RSmSH  OF  DUmiVRCOS. 

Proprietore  in  1687.  Ptoprietors  in  1826.        Scots  Monty.  TcftiL. 

Brought  forward,  .  L.18,98fi    0    C 

EurlofRothes,  EarlofSeafield,   ..         L.177  IS    3 

Heirs  of  Jajnes  Gordon, Ditto, 

Zdiid  of  Grant  for  Mulb^i,  . , do. 

Ditto,        do.  Achrosk, do. 

Bobert  Martin  for  Freefidd  and  Collie,  do. 

John  Hay  for  Camtie, do. 

P.  Cnmminpfor  Inchb&re  and  Gli^. .  Duke  of  Gordon,  . . 
MarqaiB  of  Huntly  for  Ordeqaiafa,  . .  Ditto, 

John  Rose  for  Muldenes, Earl  of  Seafield,   . . 

Patrick  Cununing  for  Gerbate, Duke  of  Gordon,  . . 

Archibald  Geddes  for  Lands  diere,  . .  R.  Wharton  Duff,. . 
W.  Innes  for  Ortowc  and  MiU  thereof,  do. 


PARISH  OF  ROTHES. 

EarlofRothes,   Earl  of  Seafield,   .. 

Hein  of  Andrew  Lealit^ Wm.  Robertson,  &c. 

PARISH  OF  ELGIN. 

Laird  of  Grant, EarlofFife,   .    .    . 

Francis  Brodie  of  Miltown, Mc^or  George  Duff, 

Do.  Inverlochtie,  ....  ditto. 

Laird  of  Pittendrich, Earl  of  Moray,  .    . 

Ditto,    Easter  Kel^ ditto. 

Do.     Teinds  of  Manbeen, do. 

John  Falconer  for  Over  Manbeen,  . .  do. 

Coliii Mackenzie, EarlofFife,  .    .    . 

John  WatBon, Colonel  A.  Hay,     . 

Angus  Mackenzie  for  Rederie, ......  Earl  of  Fife,  .    .    . 

Heirs  of  George  Gibson, ditto, 

Alexander  Dunbar  for  Dean's  Crook,.  Earl  of  Seafield,   .. 

Laird  of  Coztown  for  Langmom, ....  Earl  of  Fife's  Trustees, 
Laird  of  Brodie  for  Wester  White  wreath  ditto, 

David  Brodie  for  Main  and  Bilba- 7  fEarl  of  Seafield, and  ) 

hall, ^  |MajorGeo^  Duff,  J 

Walter  Innes  for  BlackhiUs, Lauchlon  Camming 

James  Chalmers  for  Fitaasear, Earl  of  Fife's  Trustees, 

Heirs  of  the  late  Bishop  of  R(»s,...,  James  Stuart,  &c. 

Robert  Martin, Earl  of  Seafield, 

David  Seaton, James  Stuart, 

Moy  Croft, William  Alves,  . 

Sub-Dean's  Croft, James  Stuart,      . 

James  Calder  for  Frierhaugh, Earl  of  Seafield, 

Tiends  of  Wbitefield  and  Mostowie,  ■  Major  George  Duff, 

Dipple  Croft, James  Sttiart, 

Bub-Chanter's  Croft, ditto, 

PARISH  OF  KEJ^TEDAR. 

Lord  Brodie James  Brander,  .    . 

Sir  Lodovidc  Gordon, Sir  W.G.  Camming, 


41  17 

A 

«7  9 

0 

41  17 

103  13 

90  IS 

134  0 

41  17 

737  7 

190  3 

236  8 

176  4 

L.1,298  6 

0 

109  15 

0 

L.1,513  4 

4 

807  1 

4 

95  11 

(> 

1,134  1 

U 

116  19 

4 

194  18 
407  13 


L.S,638  10    A 


Ul,408    1    0 


L.831  12    8 
24213     4     8 


L.33,423  Id     0 


y  Google 


438 


APPENDIX. 


PARISH  OF  DUTTUS.- 
Proprietors  in  1667.  ProprietorB  in  1826.        Seott  Monej/. 

Brought  f<OTPard,    . 
rSir  Archd.  Dnnbar,) 

liOrdDuffoB, J  Major  C.  Brace,      -  >  L5,308    6     8 

^  W.Stoart,  Inverugie, } 

Sir  LndoTick  Gordon, Sir  W.G. Gumming,  412     4    2 

Robert  Sutherland, ditto,  ^^    ^    ^ 


TOTAL. 

£33,423  IS 


—      L.2,800  10  10 

PARISH  OF  DOLMS  MJfD  ALTYRE. 

Heirs  of  the  Laird  of  Altyre,    -    -    - 

SirW.G.Cumming, 

L.726  13 

0 

Sir  LudoTick  Gordon  for  DoUu,  -    - 

ditto. 

Do.             Edinyeel,    -    -    - 

do. 

39     2 

Do.             Hemichie,  -    -    - 

do. 

19     8 

0 

Do.             Rinjoor  [Rinmore] 

do. 

35     2 

0 

Do.               Bellftchragan,  -     . 

do. 

32     6 

0 

William  Cumming  for  CralpmiU.  -    - 
lAird  of  Pittendreich  for  W.  Kellaa,  - 

Charles  Grant,  -    - 

64  10 

4 

SirW.G.Cummiiig, 

41  18 

6 

Earl  of  Fife,        .     . 

G.  Gumming  for  Meikle  Branchall,    - 

Charles  Grant,  -     - 

172  18 

0  ■ 

Robert  Grant  for  Little  Branchall.      - 

do. 

64  10 

PARISH  OF  ALVES. 

Earl  of  Mora;  for  Caster  Alves,    -    -  Earl  of  Moray,  -    - 

do.         Wester  Alves,   -    -  do. 

Lord  Duifus  for  Ardgaoith,      .     -     .  A.  Fortealh,  &c. 

Lord  Brodie  for  Monachtie,      -     -     -  Earl  of  Fife's  Trustees, 

do.             for  the  Mill  thereof,  -     -  do. 

James  Calder  for  Muiriown,     -     -     _  Monro  of  Novar,     - 

do.         Longcoat,       -    .     .  do. 

Alexander  Brodie  of  Letbin,     -     .    ~  Brodie  of  Burgie,    . 

do.              Kilbuiack,    -    -  do. 

Charles  Mackenzie  for  Eamride,  -     ■•  Earl  of  Moray,  -    - 

do.                   Kirktown,  -     -  Earl  of  Mora^,  -    • 

Lord  Brodie  for  Asliesk,      -    -    .    .  Earl  of  Fife's  Tnisteea, 

Francis  (Brodie]  for  Windybills,  -     -  Brodie  of  Milton,    - 

John  Falconer  for  Inchstellie,  -     -    -  Earl  of  Moray,  -    . 

William  Brodie,  Portioner,  Coltfidd,.  Brodie  of  Milton,  &c. 

John  Watson  there,  ..._..  do. 

James  Gibson  there,       .....  do. 

William  Gibson  there,    .    .     .    -     .  do. 

Archibald  Watson  there,     ....  do. 

Laird  of  Grange  for  HemprigB,     .    -  do. 

PARISH  OF  RAFFORD. 
James  Spence,  Woodhead, ....  J.  G.  Peterkin,  -  - 
Laird  ofGrange,  Lands  of  Burgie,  -  Brodie  of  Burgie,  - 
Heodret  Gordon,  widow  of  Newton,  -  G.  M.  P.  Grant,  - 
T.  limes  for  Struthers  and  Winderlaw,  do. 

John  Falconer  for  Blarvie,  -    -    .    .  Earl  of  Fife's  Trustees, 
do.  Tulloch,.    ...  do. 


867  14 
61  8 
1,786  12 
73  2 
764  13 
380  7 
254  13 
171  16 


L.3,044     0  10 


87  18 
44    6 
44    5 
545  16 

6 
6 

e 

8 

£8,087    6 

« 

L.53  1? 
877  13 
188  13 
286  11 
224     9 
238     6 

0 

8 
8 
8 
0 
0 

LI  ,889     1 

0 

£48;244  IS 

10 

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APPENDIX.  439 

i^roprietoTB  in  1667.  Proprietors  in  1826.  Scoli  Moiuy.             Totai. 

Broaght  fonrard,    -  £48;324  12  10 

John  Falconer  for  Braco,  Earl  of  Fife's  Trustees,  £54    2    A 

LairdofLethin  for  East  Grange,....  Ii.  D.  Brodie, 336    8    0 

Laird  ofGrange  for  West  Grange,  ..  J.  G.  Peterkin, . . . .  244    0    7 

EarlofMnirayforTarras,    Ear]  of  Moray, ... .  44613    4 

do.               Clonie,   ditto,  95     1    6 

PARISH  OF  FORSES. 

Iiaird  of  Grange, J.  6.  Peteiicin,  .... 

John  Dunbar  of  B(^, W.  F.  Tytler,  .... 

His  Gnmdmolher  for  Chwpeltovn,  . .  ditto. 

Sheriff  of  Moray  for  the  MillB  of  Foires,  do. 

Eail  of  Moray  for  Bennefene, Earl  of  Mor^, .... 

H  Heirs  of  M  rs  ProTost  ^ 
Grant,  Earl  of  Sea-  > 
field,&J.Muterer,) 

James  Coke  for  Belnageith, Rev.  Wm.  Leslie, . . 

LairJ  Duophail,  (Mundole], Sir  Wm.  Gumming, 

H Francis  Smyth,  and"] 
Captain  Grant  of  > 
Tannachy J 

David  Forbes  of  Thombill, William  F.  Tytler,  . 

,__.  „.^,„  >   fJ.  G.  Peterkin,  and  > 

^"*»'«*'«'  It     W.F.Tytle;.    ..} 

John  Unnihart  of  BiudayaidB, Wm.  Fraser  Tytler,. 

Earl  of  Moray,    Earl  of  Moray, .... 

do.  for  Fleurs, ditto, 

EnrdsyardB*  Grandmother,    do. 

PARISH  OF  MOY  AND  DYKE. 

Heirs  of  Easter  Binns, J.  P.Grant, £390  17  3 

John  Campbell  of  Moy G.M.Grant, 318  10  6 

Thomas  Falconer  of  ^ncorth, Robert  Giant,  . .  ..  371   tO  6 

David  Stewart  of  Wbitemire, Earl  of  Moray 109  IS  0 

Sir  Robert  Dunbar  of  Grangehill,     ..     Norman  M'Leod, . .  1,632  1$  8 

'^Dl,"2;'uSe°T™"'r.l'™:}{^"'»'M°»» }   =^»">  s 

Do.  for  Earl's  Mill  and  other  Laoda,  .                  ditto,  391  4  2 

Lord  Brodie William  Brodie,  . .  1,263  0  6 

Laird  of  Cnlbin J.  Murray  Grant, . .  913  18  4 

James  Hepburn  for  Meikle  Fefiy,    ..  Earl  of  Moray, ... .  51  4  0 

James  Torrie  for  Berryley, ditto,  39  0  0 


£213 

8 

8 

109 

3 

4 

S4 

12 

0 

200 

o 

o 

100 

0 

o 

256 

17 

6 

225 

3 

4 

126 

9 

6 

376 

6 

a 

127 

18  10 

432 

15 

4 

269 

6 

6 

127 

I«  10 

63 

0 

0 

260 

6 

6 

PARISH  OF  EDINKIUE. 

I^rd  Dun phai],  (Dunbar),  M.  Gumming  Bruce, 

Patrick  Dunbar  of  Newtown,    ditto. 

Do.  for  Easter  Tollyglens, do. 

Commissary  D.  Stewart  for  Newtown,  Earl  of  Moray, .... 

BkuiofMoray  for  Knock  ofBrae-Moray  ditto, 

James  Gumming  for  Dallas  Broughtie,  Sir  W.G.G.  Gumming, 


5  T 


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440 


APPENDIX. 


Proprietors  in  1667.                  Proprieton  In  1826.  SeoU  Monty. 

Brooght  forward,  - 

Patrick  Cmnmiug'B  Lands  there, ... .  SirW.G.O. Camming,  L.I38  18    3 

John  CummiDg,  sluie Earl  of  Moray, ....  73     2    6 

William  Cummin^  for  Preeley,  ....                  ditto,  73     2    6 

John  Cummin^  for  Ixwie, Alex.  Gumming,   , .  138  18    2 

Laird  of  Dunpbail  for  W.TuUyglena,    Major  C.  Bruce,   ..  40  19    0 

Robert  CummiDg  of  Relugas, SirTho8.'D.  Lander,  194     9     8 

Sir  Robert  Dunbar  of  Downdoff,  ....     Earl  of  Moray, 94     6     8 

Earl  of  Moray,    ditto,  327     8    0 

Heira  of  Harry  Stewart, do.  37     6    0 

J.  Gumming  for  Muirs  and  Drummine,    Alex.  Camming,  .,  100  17    8 

PARISH  OF  KNOCKANDO. 

L^rd  of  Grant,  Charles  Grant, ....  L.6S8    3  10 

George  Grant,  Kirdels, Ceo.  M'Pber.  Grant,  420  10    0 

PARISH  OF  ELCHIES. 

Archibald  Grant.  BaUeutomb, Chariea  Grant,  ....  L.ld6  12    4 

Patrick  Grant,  Wester  Elchies, ditto,  423  11    2 

Robert  Grant.  Easter  Elchies, Earl  of  Seafield,   . .  '  314    1    6 

PARISH  OF  DUTHIL. 

Laird  of  Grant  for  all,   Earl  of  Seofield,    ..  L.861  17    8 

PARISH  OF  ABERNETHIE. 

Laiid  of  Grant, Earl  of  Seafield,   ..  L.722    4    4 

EarlofMomy,   ditto,  28    5    0 

PARISH  OF  IJWERALLEJ^r. 

Lfurd  of  Grant  for  all,  Earl  of  Seafield,   ..  L.182  10  10 

PARISH  OF  INVERAVON  AND  ADVIE. 

LurdofBallendaloeh, G.  M'Phersou  Grant,  LJC92    0    8 

Robert  Grant  of  DalTcy, Htm.  F.  W.  Grant, .  317    5    4 

FatrickGrantofDellay  and  Advie,..                  ditto,  301  18  10 

Tulchen  and  Gallendar, Earl  of  Seafield,   ..  243    8  10 

CHVRCH-MEN. 

Biahop  of  Moray,  Collect  ofB.'s  Rents,    L.1,400    0    0 

Parson  of  Duifus,  Sir  A.  Dunbar, 200    0    0 

Minister  of  Dyke,  James  M'Lean, ... .  fiO    0    0 

Minister  of  Urquhart, Mark  Aitkin, 60    0    0 


ToTil. 

LJS7,762    4 


Total.        L.6d,608    2  11 


Tfte  above  m  extracted  Jrom  the  Valuation  book  of  John  Ogilvie, 
Collector  of  the  Ce»9,for  the  Shire  of  Moray,  in  the  year  1680. 


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APPENDIX.. 


441 


Valuation  Roll  of  that  part  of  Bai^ahire  which  i»  included  in 
the  Provifice  of  Moray. 


PARISH   OF   BBLLIE. 

Duke  of  Gordon, L.2360  < 

PARISH   OF   MORTLICH. 

Duke  of  Gordon,  for  Caron&sie,  L.233  < 

Earl  of  Fife,        Parkmore,    ..     200  ( 

Lesmurdie,  . .     283  ( 

Sorlach,    ....      60  < 

Barchery, 100  < 

Edinglassie, . .     SOO  < 

KininTie,  ....     300  < 

Ltuclw 320  ( 

Sir  William  Gnmt,     Baldomie,    300  < 

DukeofGQrdoD,  Acbinliaiidock,     150  < 

do.  Parkbeg,   120  < 

Andrew  Stuart,  Buchroom,   . .       90  ( 

James  Leslie.      Tolloch,    ....     ISO  < 

Bishop  of  Aberdeen,    160  < 

DukeofGordon,   1,300  ( 

Earl  of  Fife,         Bracco, 900  ( 

Kedthmore  for  Wadsett  Lands, .     100  ( 

John  Duff,  Locheud,  .;..      20  ( 


James  Stuart, 
Earl  of  Fife, 


James  Leslie, 
Earl  of  Fife, 


Total,  LJS,076    0 
PARISH   OF   INVERAVON. 

Ihike  of  Gordon,  TomoreawillanJJ.120    o 
do.  BadwoehiU,  . .      80    o 

do.  Nairie  &  Tombea,  . .     460 
do.  Auchriachin,  &c.,  . .     380 


do. 


do. 
do. 


Tombrakachie,  130 

Deskie, 180 

Drununin,    . .  llJO 

Delnapot, 150 

Minmore, ....  2d0 

Blairfindie,  ..  80 

do.           Cukhoch, . . . .  lOU 

Ct.  M'P.  Grant,    Kilmaichly,  . .  333 

Dake  of  Gordon,  Lettach,  &c.,  .  120 

G.  M'P.  Grant,     BaUindalocb, .  400 

do.  Life  lenL  thereof,  300 


Brought  forward,  L.3,173  6  8 
G.  M.  P.  Grant,  Morange,  ....  350  o  o 
Duke  of  Gordon,  for  Fra^uties,    190    o    o 


L.3,673    6    8 
PARISH   OF    KIRKMICHAEL. 

DukeofGordon,  Braes,   L.200    o    o 

266  13 


do. 


Feu-dutiea,  . , 

E.  Campdel, . .  120 

Auchinanin,  &c.  350 

Carron, 533 

Inrerrurie,  &c.  250 

do.           Ruthen, 80 

EariofSeafield,  Delnabo,  ....  233 


42    o    o 


do. 


6    8 


L.2,15S  13  4 
PARISH    OF   BOHARM. 

Earl  of  Seafield,  Boat  of  B  ridge,  L.  100  o  o 

D.  M'D.  Grant,  MillofPapeen,      50  o  o 

do.            Aikenway,    . .     130  o  o 

do.             Amdilly 80  o  o 

do.             E.  Gauldnrell, .     160  o  o 

Andrew  Stuart.   Aucblunkart,  .  1,000  o  o 

D.  M'D.  Grant,    Newton,  ....     350  o  o 

do.           Atichmadies,  .    200  o  o 

John  Duff,           Knockan, ....     100  o  o 


LJJ,170  0 
PARISH   OF   ABERLOUR. 

Charles  Grant,     Carron, L.400  o 

Earl  of  Fife,         Kinennonie, . .     450  o 

D  M'D.  Grant,  Edinvilly, 360  o 

James  Gordon,    Aberlour,  ....     250  o 

Earlof  Seafield,  Mudhouse,    ..       60  o 

Earl  of  Fife,        BoatofFiddicb,     30  o 

do.            Bugachie,  &c. .     240  o 

do.             Bracco, 407  o 

do.             Feaars,  &c.  . .       40  o 


LJ2^17    0    0 

Valuation  Roll  of  the  vohoU  of  Nairn  Shire  ijicluded  in  the 
Province  of  Moray. 


Rose  for  Kildrumies&Torrich,LJS73  fi  llf 

Macintosh,    Geddes, 412  0  lU 

Ii(Hd Cawdor, Urquhany,  ..  ..     214  9    5 

do.        East  Dekiies.  &c.    160  1    2 


Lord  Cawdor,  Const  Card.,  Nairn,  £3- 10  0 

do.        Rait  Casde,  &c., . .  84    5  2 

Delnies,  Wadset  of  Delniea,  204    2  3 

SirJ.DunbaT,Beliiiakeitb,....     129    4  3 


Total,  L-MSO  19    3J 


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442 


PARISH    OF  ALDBRN. 

J.  Gordon,            Kinsteary,    . .  L.738  10  o 

do.             Park, 777    5  o 

do.     Aldem  and  Kinudi^  806  19  4 

Lord  Cawdor,      Boghole,  ....     432    6  o 

do.            MoynesB,  &c,  .     800    o  o 

do.             Blackhilla,    . .      156     o  o 

do,             Leylands, 60    o  o 

do.             Raitlone 35  13  6 

Wm.  Brodie,  Inshoch  &  Penick,  1,599  1 1  o 

L.  D.  Brodie,       Lethin, 1,000     o  o 

Sir  Jt.  Dnnhar,     Boatb, 652  IS  9 

Knockandie,  &c., 96    ©  o 

Bishop's  Rents, 100    o  o 

L.7,25a    0  7 
PARISH   OP  ARDCLACH. 

L.D.  Brodie,      Lelhin, L.1,I76    o  o 

do.             CoulmoDy,  ..     533  11  5} 

J.  Gordon,    Mid  Fleenaa.  Sic, .    152  10  8 

SirW.Cumming,  Glenemy,  &c.,  185     o  o 

Lord  Cawdor,  Hk'Uand  Booth,     159  15  9 

do.             Fleenas,  &c.,  .     121     4  11 

do.           Lionacti  Forrest,  30  18  8 

L.3,358    1  6i 


PARISH   OP   CALDER. 

Lord  Cawdor,  Cald.  Estate,  L.1,336 
do.  Aacbindown, .      72 

do.  WadstofTomch,  .  61 
do.  Inch  Gedale,  .       24 

do.  Calder  Streena,.     92 

DrCaiDpbell,WadsetofCluDe8,..  109 
do.  Torbegg, 4  1 

Rose  of  Holm,  for  his  Luids, . .       73  1 


L.  1,753  12  0 
PARISH   OF   CBOY. 

Rose  of  KilraTOck, L.792    o  o 

Forbes  of  Culloden, 358  14  6 

Sir  D.  Davidson  for  Clara, ....     292  15  8 


L.1,443  10  S 
HOY  AND   DALROSSIE. 

Lord  Cawdor  for  Streens L.62  19  3 

M'GiUarray  for  Duuunaglasa, . .    400    0  0 


L.462  19     3 
PARISH   OF    PETTY. 

Lord  Cawdor  for  Bracla, 120    0    0 


Valuation  Roll  of  that  part  of  Invemest  Shire  included  in  the 
Pr&mnce  of  Moray. 


PARISH   OF   PETTY. 

r*rl  of  Moray, L2.423  10 

J.  Rose  for  Fleamington,    ....     157  3 

D.G.  Forbes,      Culcamie,. . . .     140  0 

do.           AUariies,  ....     301  15 


L.3,022 
PARISH   OF   ARDER8IER. 

Lord  Cawdor, L.600 

PARISH   OP   CROY. 

"RoBC  of  Holm, L.120 

T>.  G.  Forbes,      Leanoch,  ....       90  1 
Sir  D.Davidson,  Cantray,  ....     448 
do.  Clavaly,  ....     133 

A.  Macintosh,      Dalcroes, ....      190 

A.  J.  Robertson,  Inches, 230 

A.  BaiUie,  Mid  Leys,    . .     133 

G.  Culhbert  of  Castlehill,  ....       66 

A.  Fraser,  Leys, 139  11 

J"raserofLovat, 116  I; 

L,l,647  l( 


PARISH   OF    DAVIOT. 

M-GiUavray,  DuDmaglass,  &c.,  L.486  3 
A.  Macintosh  of  Macintosh,  . .  448  o 
William  Macintosh  of  Culdachy,  313  10 
CaptW.MacintoshofAberarder,  694  6 
G.M'Pher.  Grant  of  Invereshie,  56  13 
Sir  D.  Davidson  of  Cantray,   . .     226     6 

J.  Macintosh  of  Farr 300    o 

D.  G.  Forbes  of  CuUoden,  ....     108    6 


•    L.2,S33    6  ft 
PARISH   OF   DURRIS. 

Fraser  of  Lovat,..  ..., LJ93    9  5 

W,  F.  Tytler,  Balnain, 880     6  8 

S.  Fraser  of  London 533     6  8 

Sir  D.Davidson  of  Cantray,  ..       73  15  0 

A.  Fraser  of  DeU, 90  10  10 

A.  Macintosh  of  Macintosh,   . .       90     0  0 

S.  Fraser  of  TamaUne '.      59  16  0 

J.  FiaserofGaituley, 59  18  t 

L.3.I80     2  8 


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443 


PARISH   OF   INVERNESg. 

D.  O.  Forbes,        CnUoden,  . .  £457  18  0 

EnnBullie,          Docbfonr,  ..     666  13  4 

H.  R.  Dnff,           Mnirtown, . .     266  13  4 

A.  Freaer,             Colduthel, . .     30fi    8  0 

R.  Fraser,              Torbreak,  . .     325    6  8 

William  Baillie,    Dimun,....     320  10  0 

A.  J.  Robertson  of  iDcfaea.  ....     383    6  8 

Hon.  CoL  F.  W.  Grant. 120    0  0 

M'Lean  of  Dochgarroch, 160    0  0 

A-MacmtoahofMacintoHh,    ..     100     0  0 

A-FroserofCaldathel, 306    0  0 

A.  Macintosh  of  Holm,   103  10  0< 

Sir  David  D&Tidsoa  of  Cantny,    ^00 

£3,666  18  0 
HOT  AND    DALROSSIB. 

A.  Madotosb,        MoThttU,   . .  £674  13  4 

J.  Macintosh  of  KylBchie,  ....     610    6  8 

W.  MadntoehofBalneflpie,   ..     276  13  4 

h.  Macintosh,         Raigmore, . .       90     0  0 

W.  Macintoeh,      InTennafroD,      63    6  8 

J.  MaciDtosh,         Dalmigvie,  .      79  10  0 

A.  Macintoeh,        Trae> 46  13  4 

D-M-Qoeen,          PoUockchak,      50    0  0 

L.  M'Fhereon,        West  Banchar,  60    0  0 

£2,142  10  0 
PARISH   OF    BOLESKIN. 

Fraser  of  LoTOt, £2,10118  4 

S.  Fraser  of  Foyers, 463  .13  4 

8.  FraserofFaralin, 82    4  10 

J.  FrasCTofOortuleg, 38  13  11 

Captain  Fraser  of  KnocW,,...     163    0  0 

Captain  Fraser  of  Ardachy,    ..     141   17  0 

Colonel  M'D<maId,  Glengary, . .    308    5  8 

£3fi99  13  1 
PARISH   OF   URQUHART. 

EariofSeafield,  L.U13    6  0 

J.  GraDtofConrimony, 210    0  0 

J.QrantofGlenmoristoD,  ..  ..     896  10  0 

L.2,219  16  0 
PARISH   OF   KILMANIVACK. 

CoLM'PtnuldofGlengary,..   L.400    0  0 


PARISH   OF   KtLTARLlTY. 

Fraser  of  Lovat, £1,090    6 

W.  Chisholm,  697  10 

W.  Fraser  of  Kilbokie 379    6 

Fraser  of  Lovat  for  Belladrum, .    100    0 

Fraser  of  Kellachy, 25    0 

H.  FraaerofEscadale, 96  13 

J.  Fraser,       Baldoun, 67   O 

£2,456  16 
PARISH   OF   CROMDALE. 

EarlofSeafieldforCromdale,    £949  14 
do.  InveralleD,      474    6 


PARISH   OF   ABERNETHIE. 

Dnke  of  Gordon,   Kinchardine,  £400    0 
EadofSeafield, 603    6 


Ii.903    6    8 


PARISH  OF  ROTHIEHUBCHUS. 

J.  P.  Grant,  Rotbiemurchas, . .  L.426    0  0 

KINGUSSIE   AND   INCH. 

G.  M'P.  Grant,  Invereshie, L.691    0  0 

J.  M-Pherson  of  Belville, 461  13  4 

A.  Macintosh  for  Inch, 160    0  0 

G.  Gordon  for  Invertrranie, ....       80    0  0 

Ewon  M-Pherscoi,  Cluny,    ....     273    6  8 

DukeofGordon, 1,763    0  0 


Ii.3,929  0  0 

PARISH   OF   ALVIE. 

J.  M-Pherson  ofBelville,    L,384  0  0 

Duke  of  Gordon 635  13  4 

A.  Macintosh  of  Macintosh,    ..     360  0  0 

G.  M'P.  Grant  for  Dalraddie, . .      132  6  8 

Earl  of  Seafield  for  Delafour, . .         2  0  0 


L.  1,394 
PARISH   OF   LAGOAN. 

Dnke  of  Gord<m, L.14!02 

Ewan  M'PheiBon  of  Cluny,    . .     599 


L.1,801    0    » 


No.  XXll.~€rrant  of  Inverlochtie. 

Ommibds  Chiiati  fldelibos.  Era  Mortbac  Domina  de  Rothais,  salntem :  Noveritia,  Me,  pro  saints 
nnjmff'  mete,  dedisse  SantK  Trinitad  et  EcclesiK  MoraviK,  et  Archibaldo  Epiacopo  et  successor!' 

a  c 


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444  APPENDIX. 

bu9,  toUm  terram  ineaxa  de  Inverlochtie,  cum  omitibiis  pfrtinentiis,  in  ponun  Eleenuwysais. — 
TestibuB,  D.  W.  de  Dune  Decano  MoraTiensi,  Henrico  Preceotore,  D.  W.  Priore  de  Urehard, 
Di  Gitberto  de  RouLe  miUte,  tunc  Ylcecomite  de  Elg^n.    Datum  aono  1263. 

Translation  of  No.  XXII. 

Eta  Morthac  Lady  Rotbes,  wishii^  health  to  all  sincere  believers  in  Christ, — Know  ye  that  for 
the  salvation  of  my  soul,  I  have  given  to  the  Holy  Trinity,  and  Cathedral  of  Moray,  and  to 
Bishop  Archibald  and  his  successors,  my  whole  laud  of  Inreilochtie,  with  all  its  pertinents,  in 
clear  alms — the  witnesses,  D.  W.  of  Dune,  Dean  of  Moray,  H&iry,  Precentor,  D.W.  Prior  of 
Urqubard,  D-  Gilbert  of  Roule,  Knight,  at  that  time  Sheriff  Deputy  of  Elgin.  Given  in  the 
year  1263. 

No.  XXIII. — Charier  to  the  Burgh  of  Inverness,  by  King 
James  the  Sixth. 

James,  by  the  grace,  &c.  Know,  that  we,  considering  the  andent  erection  of  Inverness,  by  onr 
famous  progenitors,  into  a  free  Burgh  of  this  kingdom,  have  ratified,  and  by  this  present  charter, 
do  ratify,  and  perpetually  confirm,  tUX  and  sundry  the  charters,  confirmations,  rights,  Uberties, 
and  privileges,  granted  and  confirmed  by  our  progenitors,  William,  Alexander,  David,  and  James, 
the  First  of  that  name,  Kings  of  Scotland,  to  our  eaid  Burgh.  Likewise  the  charter  and  confir- 
mation lately  granted  by  our  grandfather,  James,  the  Fifth  of  that  name ;  also  Ibe  charter  granted 
in  favour  <^  divine  service,  andof  the  Ministers  ofGod's  word,  and  of  the^Hospital,  by  our  mother 
Mary  Queen  of  Scots;  and  the  lands,  houses,  churches,  chapels,  crofH,  mills,  fishings,  and  all 
others  mentioned  in  that  charter,  of  date,  April  31,  1567,  years:  Moreover,  we  of  new  grant, 
and  in  perpetual  feu  set  and  confirm,  to  the  Provost,  Bailies,  &c.  of  our  eaid  Bui^h,  the  lands, 
territories,  and  commonly  thereof,  with  all  parts  and  privileges :  As  also  all  the  lands  of  Drakies, 
and  the  forest  thereof, — the  lands  of  Merkinoh  with  the  pasturage  thereof,  with  the  parks  and 
woods, — ^likewise  the  lands  called  the  Barnhills,  Claypota,  Mill  and  Fields,  the  Carse,  and  the 
Cam.laws,  with  the  common  moor  of  the  said  Bm^b, — likewise  the  water  of  Ness  on  both  sides, 
from  Clachnagaick  to  the  sea,  with  all  fishiims,  ports,  havens,  creeks,  the  still-fishing,  the  red- 
pocJ,  with  power  to  b^n  to  fisb  on  the  said  water  with  boats  and  nets  on  the  lOth  of  November 
yearly,  and  to  use  crives  and  water-kiats, — with  the  ferry  of  Kessack,  and  right  of  ferrying  on 
both  ^des  ;  Further,  all  the  mills  called  the  King's  mills,  the  suckin  and  multures  thereof,  with 
the  adstricted  and  dry  multures  of  the  Castle  lands,  and  all-corns  which  have,  or  shall  receive  fire 
or  water,  within  the  liberty,  territory  and  parish  of  Inverness,  as  well  out-suckin  as  in-aucldn,  to 
pay  multure  and  knaveship  at  the  said  mills:  With  power  and  liberty  of  pasture,  peats,  foggage, 
turf,  &c.  in  all  places  used  and  wont ;  and  particularly  in  Croig-phodrick,  Capulach-muir,  Davie- 
mont,  and  Bt^bayne,  with  power  of  ferrying  on  Lochneea :  With  markets  weekly  on  Wednea- 
day  and  Saturday,  and  eight  free  fiurs  in  the  year,  viz,  on  Palm  Sunday,  on  July  7,  St  Andrew'a 
fair,  on  August  Ifi,  Marymass,  in  Sepember  Roodmass,  on  November  10,  Martiimias,  in  Decem- 
ber St  Thomas'  fair,  oo  February  1,  Peter  Fair,  and  on  April  25,  St  Mark's  fair, — every  fair  to 


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APPENDIX.  44S 

b(dd  foT  eight  days ;  With  the  petty  costoms  of  all  cities,  towns,  and  Tillages  vithln  the  Sbira, 
and  particnlaTly  of  the  coDeges  of  Tain  in  Ross,  Merkincb,  Chaoonrie,  Domoch,  Thmao,  Bod 
Wick  in  CaithnesB,  to  be  applied  to  the  public  good  of  InTemesa  :  That  no  ship  brealc  balk  be. 
twixt  Tarbetness  and  Inremess :  And  our  said  Burgh  shall  have  Coroners  and  Sherifis  nithln 
themselves;  and  a  GuQdry  with  a  Dean  of  Guild:  That  therehe  bat  one  Tavern :  That  no  one  in 
tke  Shiie  make  Cloth  but  Burgesses.    With  power  to  make  Statutes  and  Rules  for  the  Buigh,  &c 

No.  XXIV. — Charters  to  the  Burgh  of  Elgin. 

Kino  James  II,  by  his  Charter,  dated  at  Aberdeen,  November  6, 1457,  confirms  to  the  Burgh  of 
Elgin,  all  the  grants  and  coDcessious  made  by  Alexander,  Robert,  and  others  his  predecessors. 
Kings  of  Scotland,  and  particularly  the  lands  of  Moastowie,Doullaygreen,  Greeship,  and  Stratb< 
cant. 

King  James  VI.  grants  to  the  Burgh  of  Elgin,  the  Hospital  of  Malson  Dieu,  with  the  patron, 
age  thereof,  and  the  lands  of  Maison  Dieu,  Over  and  Nether  Monbeos,  Haugh  thereof.  Over  and 
Nether  Cordels,  Over  and  Nether  Pituaseir,  resuming  bis  charter  dated  23d  March,  1694,  for 
Bustoinwg  the  poor  in  the  said  hospital,  and  maiataining  a  master  of  music  for  instructing  the 
youth  in  music,  and  performing  the  ordinary  services  in  the  church,  doted  the  last  day  of  Feb.  1641, 

Charles  I.  by  his  charter,  with  a  signature,  dated  November  Id,  1641,  and  ratified  in  Parlia. 
ment,  March  8, 1645,  grants  to  the  Burgh  of  Elgin,  the  lands  of  Glossgreen,  and  the  right  of 
patronage  of  two  ministers  for  the  pansh,  and  one  reader. 

Charles  I.  by  his  charier,  dated  October  8,  1633,  grants  and  confirms,  to  the  Provost,  Bailies 
and  community  of  Elgin,  the  town  of  Elgin,  with  all  the  laads  and  others  pertaining  diereto. 
And  particularly  the  greeship  lands  of  EUgin,  the  lands  of  DoulUygreen,  GlasE^reen,  Mosstowie, 
with  the  mosses  thereof,  and  the  moss  of  Strathcant ;  all  the  ports,  stations,  bays,  and  creeks  of 
Loesie  and  Spey,  and  betwixt  Spey  and  Findhom,  where  any  ship  or  boat  can  be  received ;  the 
town  and  lands  of  Over  Baieflathills,  and  the  haugh  thereof ;  the  hospital  and  preceptory  of  Mai. 
son  Dieu,  with  the  patronage  thereof;  the  amble  lands  of  Maison  Dieu ;  the  lands  of  Over  and 
Nether  Monben,  with  the  haagh  thereof  called  Broomtown;  the  lands  of  B<^de,  with  the  Mill 
thereof,  mill-lands,  adstricted  multures,  and  sequels ;  the  lands  of  Cardels,  Over  and  Nether,  alias 
PitCToy,  Delnapot,  and  Smiddy-Crof\,  with  the  mill,  mill-lands,  multures,  and  sequels,  with  the 
Salmon-fishing  on  the  river  Spey ;  the  lands  of  Over  and  Nether  Pitnosier;  the  Black  Friar 
Crofl ;  the  lands  and  gardens  belonging  to  the  predicant  brethren,  lying  in  the  north  side  of  tha 
Burgh, — with  power  of  holding  aimuaJ  fairs  and  weekly  markets,  and  that  none  else  shall  hold 
fairs  or  markets  within  four  miles  of  the  town,— with  power  of  creating  OSicers,  holding  courts, 
enjoying  all  privileges  and  immunities  belonging  to  Royal  Burghs, — uniting  and  erecting  th« 
Burgh,  Hospital,  and  all  lands  belonging  to  them,  into  one  free  Burgh, — end  one  seazln  to  be 
taken  for  the  whole. 

No.  XXV. — Charter  to  the  Burgh  of  Forre». 

SiMM,  understanding  that,  the  ancient  charters  granted  to  the  town  of  Forres  have  been  destroy- 
ed in  time  of  war,  or  by  the  violence  of  fire,  we  have  of  new  granted  oud  confirmed  to  the  cod)> 


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446  APPENDIX. 

munity  of  the  said  Bui^h  of  Forres,  ir.  free  burga^,  nith  the  lands  and  otfaers  fonnerl;  thereto 
belonging, — particularly  the  landa  called  Griveehip,  Bailie-lands,  Meikle-Bc^,  with  the  King's 
meadow,  Lobbranstown,  with  Crealties  and  Ramflat,  and  common  pasturage  in  the  forest  of 
Drummonside  and  Tulloch,  with  mosses,  moors ;  the  water  and  fishing  of  Findhora,  from  Dun- 
dnff  to  the  bank  of  Findhom,  both  in  fresh  and  in  salt  water,  with  moscles  and  muscle  scalps, 
with  power  to  set  the  some  in  tack,  to  fish  with  boats  and  nets,  and  to  have  ports  and  haibonn 
for  ships  upon  the  said  water, — with  power  annually  to  elect  and  i^ipoint  a  Provost,  Bulies,  and 
other  Magistrates,  and  Officers  necessary, — and  to  constitute  the  Provost,  and  Bailies,  Sherifis 
within  the  Bui^h  and  its  liberties ;  and  discharge  the  Sheriff  of  the  Shire  of  Elgin  and  Forres  to 
exercise  his  Office  withki  the  said  Bui^fa  or  iu  liberties, — with  power  to  the  Bai^h  to  have  » 
cross,  a  weekly  market  on  Monday,  and  an  annual  ftdr,  banning  on  the  vigils  of  St  Lawrence,, 
and  to  continue  for  eight  days, — ^with  power  also  to  hold  Burgh  and  Sheriff  Courts,  and  of  pack- 
ing, peeling, — and  with  all  and  sundry  other  privileges  and  immunides  of  a  free  Burgh,  paying 
yaarly  to  the  Abbot  of  the  Convent  of  Kinloss,  20  merka  current  money,  oat  of  the  farm  of  the 
said  voter  and  the  fishing. — At  Edinburgh,  June  23,  1496,  and  of  our  reign  the  ninth  year. 

No.  XXVI.— ^  Papal  Bull  to  Kinlosg. 

Albxandbr  Episcopus,  servus  serronun  Dei,  dilectls  fiUis  Rainerio  Abbati  Sancts  Matrb  de 
Kinloss,  ejusqoe  fratribus,  tam  pnesentibns  qoam  futnris,  regularem  vitam  profesns.  In  P.  P.  M. 
ad  hoc  universalis  Ecclesife  cura  nobis  a  provisore  omnium  bonornm  Deo  commissa  est,  nt  reli- 
giosas  diligamus  personas,  et  bene  placentes  Deo  religiones  Studeamus,  modis  omnibus  piopa- 
gare.  Quapropter,  dilecti  in  Domino  filii,  vestris  justis  postulationibus  clementer  annuimus,  et 
pratfatum  monasterium  in  quo  divino  mancipati  estis  obsequio  sub  Beati  Patri  et  nostra  protec- 
tione  soscipimuB,  et  pnesentis  scripti  privilegio  communimos.  Imprinais  statuentes,  ut  ordo  mo- 
nasticus,  qni,  secondtmi  Deum,  et  Beati  benedicti  regulam,  atque  institutionem  Cisterciensitmi 
fratrum  in  eodem  loco  institutus  esse  dignoscitur,  perpetuis  ibidem  temporibus  inviolabiliter  ob- 
servetur.  Prsterea,  (jnascnnqae  possesaiones,  queecunqne  bona  idem  monasterinm  in  prssentia- 
rumjusteetcanonicepossidet,aut  in  futurum  justis  modis  poteritadipisd,  firma  vobis  vestrtaque 
snccessoribuB  et  illlbata  permaneant.  In  quibus  haec  propriLs  dnnmus  exprimenda  vocabulis. 
Ijocum  ipsnm  In  quo  pnefatum  monasteriuQi  situm  est,  cum  terris,  aquis,  pratis,  pascuis,  pisca- 
toiis,  Sylvis,  molendinis,  grangiis ;  asiamenta,  forests  materiam,  paanagium,  corticem,  et  ad  ig- 
nem  necessaiia,  et  fbdinas.  Sane,  laborum  vestrorum  quos  propriis  manibus  aut  sumpribus  co- 
litis, Btve  de  nutrimentis  vestromm  animalium,  nullus  omnino  decimas  a  vobis  pnesumat  exigere; 
Addicimus  etiam,  at  sive  in  mari,  sive  in  fluminibus,  fratres  vel  famuli  ipsius  monasterii  piscs- 
tiones  soas  exercnerinl,  abicunque  appljcuerint,  nullus  a  vobis  decrimas  exigat  Prohibemus  in- 
super  auctoritate  Apostolica,  ne  quis,  fratres  vestros,  Clsricos,  viz.  sive  Laicos,  post  factam  in 
Monasterio  vestro  professionem,  absque  vestra  licentia,  suscipere  audeat  vel  detinere.  Sancimv 
etiam,  ne  quis  Archi-Episcopns  vd  Episcopus,  sive  cujustibet  ordinis  persono,  locum  vestrum  & 
divinis  interdicat  officiis,  nisi  Abbatis,  vel  fratrum  ipsius  loci,  evidens  ac  manifesta  culpa  extite- 
rit.    Liceat  autem  vobis,  cum  commune  interdictum  terrae  ilierit,  daosis  jaooiB,  et  exdusis  ex> 


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APPENDIX.  447 

tommtmicada,  et  intefdictis,  turn  pnlraln  canpaals,  BappceiM  voce  divins  oflGcia  cdetouv. 
Pad  qnoqne  et  tnuiqniUitati  vestne  patena  BoUicitsdiite  providentes,  auctoiitate  Aposlolica  io- 
hibemuB,  ut  doUim  infn  ambitam  Eccleuse  restra,  sire  Gnngias  vestna,  TiolentiaiD,  rd  npU 
nan,  aeu  fiiitam  iacere,  «at  igoem  apponere,  rel  bominem  capere  sen  interficere  audeat  Pre 
terea  CHnnes  Ubertates,  ku  edam  inunuoitates  ac  regiu  conBDetDdines,  a  bone  memoiue  David 
qoandain  rege  Scotontra,  Tobis  et  E^xlesue  reafre  rationabiliter  indnltas,  et  Script!  sui  pagina 
roboratas,  aocbmtate  Apostolica  cimfirmamaa,  et  iUibataa  Btatoimofi  perpebio  pemianere.  Flo- 
hlbentes,  ne  qalsqnam  hominnm  tos  «it  Ecdesiam  TestraiD  de  omnibuB  aaziUis,  et  geldia,  et 
hjdagieia,  et  danegeldls,  et  aasisis,  et  mnrdiu,  placitia,  qnerelis,  Tentagiia,  theloneo,  penagiis, 
pontagio,  et  de  omni  taxa  et  tala,  et  omnibus  oocaaioaibae,  et  omnibus  c<Munetadinibiia,  omniqae 
teneoo  serritio  «t  secolari  exactioae  aodeat  iofeatue ;  aed  liberi  ac  quitti  ab  hi^oamodi  exactioai- 
bos  maaeatis,  qaemadmodom  pnedictas  Rex  David  Scriptis  sola  vobis  confinnaviL  Prsaeati 
qooqne  acripto  aancimns,  ne  EpiBcopas,  vel  aliqaia  Becnlaiis  persona,  ant  quslibet  persona  alte- 
rins  ordiniB,  in  quovis  Episcopatibus  vel  poteatatibns  Monasteria  veetra  consistunt,  reg:ularem  et 
can<Hiicam  electionem  Abbatis  vestri  nnqnam  impediant  ^  nee  de  removendo  ac  deponendo  eo, 
qni  pro  tempore  fiierit,  contra  statata  Cisterciemns  ordinis,  et  aathoritatem  privil^onun  Baonun, 
se  ollatenuB  intromittanL  Ijceat  etiam  vobis  Cleiicoe  vel  Laicoe,  llberoB  et  abBtdutos  e  secnlo 
fogientes,  ad  conversionein  vestram  recipere,  et  bob  absque  nlliiu  contradictione  in  vestro  Collegio 
retinere,  Decemimas  ergo,  at  nolli  onuuno  hconinam  llceat  prefatum  Monasterinm  temere  per- 
turbare,  aut  ^ob  poBsessiones  anferre,  vel  ablatas  r^inere,  minoere,  sen  quibnslibet  vexationiboB 
fatigare ;  sed  illibata  omnia  et  inte^ra  conserventnr  eorum,  pro  quonun  gfubemadone  et  sosten- 
tatiooe  concessa  Biint,  uaibus  onmlmodis  profatora,  aalva  sediB  Apostolica  anctoritate.  8i  qoa 
igitur  in  futuram  Ecclesiaatica  secnlarisve  persona,  banc  noBtcte  constitutionis  paginam  scienB, 
centra  earn  temere  venire  tentaverit,  secnndo  tertiove  commonita,  niBi  piesiunptionem  Boam  dig. 
na  satisfactione  conezerll,  potestale  bonorisque  sai  dignitate  careat,  reamqne  se  divino  Jndlcio 
exiatere,  de  perpetrata  iniquitate  cognoecat,  et  a  sacratissimo  corp(«e  et  sangoine  Dei  et  Domini 
Redemptoris  noBtri  Jean  Cbristi  alienafiat,  atqueln  extremo  examine  districtenldoneBabjaceat; 
ConctiB  autem  eidem  loco  sua  Jura  BerrantibaB,  sit  pax  Domini  nostri  Jesu  Christi,  quatenuB  et 
hie  fmctom  bonae  actitmia  percipiant,  et  apnd  deBtrictom  Judicem  praemta  eterme  pacis  invenlant 
— ^Ambn  ac  Ahbn. 

Translatitm  of  No.  XXVI. 

A1.EXAMDER,  Bishop,  aervant  of  the  servants  of  God,  to  bis  t>eloved  Bons,  Rainier,  Abbot  of  tfa'e 
bdy  Motber  (orljad7)of  Kinloss,  and  to  "bis  brethren,  both  of  the  present  and  of  future  times, 
professing  the  monastic  life.  The  care  of  the  Catholic  Church  is  committed  unto  us  in  perpe- 
tual Pontificate,  hy  God,  the  Giver  of  all  good,  for  this  purpose,  that  we  may  do  honour  to  all 
religious  men,  and  mdeavour  by  all  means  to  encourage  religioua  inBtitutions  well-pleasing  to 
God, — ^wherefore,  my  beloved  eons  in  tbe  Lord,  we  graciously  assent  to  your  just  requests,  and 
receive  the  sud  Monastery,  in  which,  by  tbe  Divine  favour,  ye  are  established,  under  tbe  protec- 
tion of  (hy  blessed  Father  and  ours,  and  strengthening  it  by  the  grant  of  this  preaent  deed,^4Je- 
cieeing  in  the  first  place,  that  tbe  monastic  discipline,  which  is  known  according  to  God,  and  the 

5  X 


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448  APPENDIX. 

'Tole  of  St  Benedict,  and  the  inMitution  of  the  Cistercian  Fraternity,  be  acknowledged  in  the  si 
place  ;  and  there  shall  be  inriolably  observed  in  all  time  to  com&  Above  all,  whatever  p 
iota,  and  whatever  goods  the  same  Monastery  enjoys,  jnsdy  and  canonically  at  the  present  lim^ 
or  in  future  may  he  able  to  acquire  by  jost  or  lawful  means,  frran  the  former  ponessor, — shall 
Temain  sore  and  entin:  to  you  and  your  saccessors, — for  wfakh  we  have  granted  these  presents 
to  be  expressed  in  their  specific  terms, — the  place  where  the  said  Monastery  is  sitoated,  with  its 
lands,  waters,  meadows,  pasturages,  fiahiogs,  woods,  mills,  farms,  easements,  forest-commodities, 
-mart,  bark,  fuel,  and  mines, — that  veiily  none  presume  to  exact  at  all  from  you  the  tithes  of  your 
labours,  which  you  may  exercise  by  your  own  hands,  at  your  cost,  or  by  the  feeding  of  your 
icattle.  Moreover,  by  our  Apostolic  authority,  we  may  add,  that  whether  the  brethren  or  servants 
of  the  said  Monastery  fish  in  die  sea,  or  in  rivers,  or  wherever  they  shall  so  employ  tfaemaelveB, 
no  person  shall  exact  tithes.  And,  moreover,  by  oar  Apostolic  authority,  we  forbid,  that  any  oae 
«haU  dare  to  take  away  or  detain  any  of  your  brethren,  viz.  Clergy  or  Ijay.bFotherB,  after  proiess- 
ing  the  order  of  your  Monastery,  without  your  leave.  Likewise,  we  ordain,  thatnoAfcb-Bishop^ 
Bishop,  or  person  of  any  rank  whatever,  shall  interdict  your  place  fi^im  divine  worship,  unless 
some  evident  and  clear  blame  shall  attach  to  the  Abbot  or  brethren  of  the  place.  You  shall  even 
be  permitted,  when  the  country  in  general  lies  nnder  interdict,  to  perform  your  divine  services, 
jn  a  low  voice,  with  shut  doors,  the  excommunicate  sod  interdicted  being  excluded,  and  bells  not 
iolled.  Being  also,  with  paternal  solicitude  careful  of  your  peace  and  tranquillity,  we,  by  our 
Apostcdic  authority,  forlud  any  person  within  the  bonnds  of  your  cboich,  either  to  commit  viol- 
ence, or  n^iine,  or  thelt,  or  to  set  fire  to  your  granges,  or  to  dare  to  seize  or  lay  violent  hands  on 
«ny  man.  Moreover,  by  onr  ApoatoUc  authority,  we  confirm  and  ordain,  that  all  the  fruedonu 
or  immunities,  as  well  as  Royal  usages,  reasonably  granted  [to  yon  and  your  church,  by  David, 
late  King  of  Scots,  of  happy  memory),  and  strengthened  by  the  charter  in  his  own  baud  writing, 
remain  for  ever  undiminished.  Inhibiting  any  taw  from  harassing  you  by  aids  c^  any  kind, 
•corporation  fines,  land-taxes,  danemoney,  assizes,  blood  writs,  suits,  complaints,  wine  rents, 
tolls,  boat  fares,  bridge  duties,  and  all  taxes  by  quantity  or  number,  all  casualttiea,  customs, 
Jand  services,  and  secular  exactions  whatever ;  but  that  ye  remain  free  and  exempt  from  all 
manner  of  burdens,  in  like  manner  as  the  said-King  David  has  confirmed  to  you  by  his  charters. 
Likewise,  by  this  present  deed,  we  order  that  no  Bishop  or  secular  person,  or  any  penoo  of 
whatever  other  rank,  in  whose  Bishopric,  or  lands,  your  Monastery  may  be  situated,  shall  ever 
at  any  time  hinder  the  regular  and  canonical  election  of  your  Abbot ;  nor  of  their  own  accord 
interfere,  by  removing  or  deposing  faim  who  shall  be  such  for  the  time,  contrary  to  the  statutes 
of  the  Cistercian  order,  and  the  atitfaority  of  their  privileges.  It  shall  also  be  lawful  for  yoa  to 
receive  into  your  sanctuary,  clergy  or  lay-brothers,  freemen,  &c.,  discharged  from  their  vows,  flying 
from  the  secular  power,  and  to  retain  them  in  your  collie,  without  the  gainsaying  of  any  one. 
We,  therefore,  decree,  that  no  person  shall  presume  rashly  to  disturb  the  said  Monastery,  or  lo 
carry  off  its  possessions,  or  when  carried  off,  to  retain  them,  or  to  diminish  them,  or  to  waste 
them  in  any  way  whatever  j  but  every  thii^  belonging  to  them  shall  be  preserved  whole  and 
entire,  and  made  nseful,  by 'all  manner  of  means,  to  those  for  whose  establishment  and  susten- 
«nce  they  were  originally  destined,  reserving  the  Apostolic  authority  of  our  chair  in  all  its  rights. 
if,  therefore,  in  all  time  to  come,  any  pers<m.  Ecclesiastic  or  Secular,  in  the  knowled^  of  titis 


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oni  institute,  shall  raahly  rttempt  to  contravene  It,  Mid,  being  ft  second  or  third  time  dealt  with 
for  80  doing,  unless  he  shall  then  make  foil  satisfaction  for  hU  presumption,  let  him  be  depriTed 
of  his  honour,  dignity,  and  power,-^  him  also  know,  that  he  stands  accused  at  the  bar  of  dirine 
j  ui^ent,  for  the  hdnoas  sin  he  has  committed,  and  let  him  be  cut  off  from  the  most  sacred 
Body  and  Hood  of  God,  and  of  our  Redeemer,  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ,  and,  in  short,  at  the  last 
day,  let  him  suffsr  the  pains  of  Divine  vengeance.  But  may  the  peace  of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ 
be  with  aU  tbose  who  truly  serve  and  keep  the  just  right  of  this  same  phu^-may  they  in  this 
life  eiyoy  the  fruits  of  an  upright  conduct,  and  finally  receive  at  the  hands  of  the  righteous  Judg« 
the  rewards  of  eternal  peace.— Aiow,  AiiBS. 


The  Seal  sAxed  at  the  I^tervi 
Coaneilt  held  In  tlw  year  of  our 
Lord,  1174. 


i.  I,  HurbaU,  Bubop  ofOttla. 

1.  I,  John,  Pinbvter,  Cardiutf  ,    .    .^j,_    n^^nn  ra«ih»i 
.ofSaintsJohc&PauiandTilutar       5.  I,Bem«id,BlrfwpofSt.Ruf.  of  St.  TheX'e  ^^  ^^ 

of  ramachy.  ino,  near  (ha  Gate  Porteaa. 

2.  I,  William,  Presbyter,  Car-     ^ 
dtnal.    Titular  of   St.  Joha,    ~  


4,  I,  Walter,  Bishop  of  Albano. 


2.  I,Cyiithlu,Deac(Hi,CaKUiial 
of  St.  Aatifa. 


3.  I,  BoSM,  Presbyter,  Cardinal 
of  St.  PndentU,  aud  Titolar  of 
Faaor  or  Shepherd. 

4.  I,  Hanbrd,  Presbyter,  Cv- 
diiial,  Titular  of  St.  Cecilia. 

5.  I,Peler,Pre«byter,Ciirdmal, 
Titular  of  SL  SiiwDna. 

Givoi  by  thehandsofourNundo,  Gratian,  Sub-deacon  of  the  Holy  Roman  Church,  on  this 
twelfth  day  of  the  Kalends  of  March,  in  the  fifty-^hth  indictitm,  and  in  the  year  of  the  incar- 
nation of  our  h(dy  Lord,  one  thousand,  one  hundred  and  seventy-four,  and  sixteenth  of  the  Pon- 
tiAcatfi  of  our  Lord  the  holy  Pope  Alexander  m.* 


*  The  original  of  dii*  Bull  is  now  in  die  ponessloD  of  Sir  Thomas  Dick  Lauder  of  Ponnt^nhall, 
Baroaat.  It  it  compreheaded  on  one  page  of  parch  meat,  2  feet  71  inches  long,  aud  1  foot  and  half  an 
inch  inj)readth,  bavii^  tbe  flatleaed  bullet  of  lead  still  attacbed,  from  which  all  the  deeds  both  of 
grace  and  of  correctioii,  by  the  inhlllble  Digoitaries  of  the  Vatican,  obtained  the  hiappropriate  appel- 
lation of  Bull— degraded  in  tfaeae  d^eoerale  time*  into  the  diminutive  intimation  uf  his  march  by  the 
General  of  an  army,  or  of  bis  victory ;  and  by  tbe  Council  of  physicians,  of  tbe  sickness  of  their  patien^ 


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450  APPENDIX. 

No.  XXVII. — Charter  of  Strathyla  in  Sirathhoggie  to-Kinlota^ 

WiLUBLMua  D.  G.  Rex  Scotornm,  Jbc.  Sciant,  prMsentes  et  ftrtnri.  Me,  pro  Bslate  anlmae  meae, 
et  animtuum  omniiuD  prede«sonim  et  Baccessonun,  Dedian  Deo  et  Beitee  libiiae  et  aaatSbm 
Sanctis,  et  Abbitti  et  MonachiB  de  Kintoch,  totam  tenam  de  Stratfajrlefe  com  pertinaitn,  per 
rectas  anas  metas,  qoas  eisdem  fedmus  per  meUore§  et  aDtiquiores  patriae  perambnlari,  viz.  a 
loco  tibi  LagTii  deflcendit  in  Hylef,  ascendaidd  per  albom  alcinn  in  rabeo  mimo  oaqoe  ad  mm- 
mitatem  orientaliB  Belacb,  et  per  sommitatem  ntrinsqne  Belach,  usqoe  eqae  tdOa  fontem  qui  vo- 
catur  Leebyngowin  ;  Et  ab  eodem  fonte  aicmt  riToloH  ipsiuB  fontis  deacendit  per  Grodok  in  Hj- 
lef,  Et  Sic  ascendendo  per  Hylef  aaqne  Geth,  et  naque  ubi  Forg^n  descoidit  in  Hjlef,  Et  inde 
ascendendo  per  For^n  nsqae  Algai^,  et  sic  aaqne  Aldrochyn,  Et  ab  inde  nsqne  AI|rarg«dyi], 
Et  ita  Dsqae  FertheUnir,  et  osqtie  Telinire,  et  Badnagir,  Et  Btc  per  aacenBom  aquae  osque  Hacb- 
indaling,  Et  ita  nsqne  Polenterf,  Et  inde  nsqne  Elang^oy,  Et  sic  nsqoe  Tubemamin,  Et  ric 
usqae  Clocbindush,  Et  ab  inde  descendendo  per  Logyn  in  Hylef.  Tenendam — in  poram  Elee- 
moeynam.  Testibus,  R.  Episcopo  Morarieosi,  J.  Episcopo  Catanensi,  B.  Epiaco|>o  Rooaenai,  H. 
Oancellario,  Willelioo  filio  Freskyn,  Hi^^ne  filio  Freskyn.    Apud  Elgyn,  ultimo  die  JoliL 

Tramlaium  of  No.  XXVII. 

WnxUH,  by  the  grace  of  God,  kii^  of  the  Scots,  &c.  Let  both  the  presrait  and  the  fntmre  know, 
that  I,  for  the  salvation  of  my  own  soul,  and  the  souls  of  all  j»  predecessors,  bare  giren  my 
whole  land  of  Strath  Isla,  with  ita  pertinents,  to  God,  and  to  Saint  Mary,  and  all  the  saimta,  and 
to  the  Abbot  and  Monks  of  Kinloss,  by  ita  piopw  boundings,  the  same  which  we  hare  made  the 
more  discreet  and  ancient  men  of  the  country  to  perambulate,  namely,  from  the  place  where 
Laggan  falls  into  the  Islay,  ascending  by  the  White  Scarf  in  the  Red  Moas,  even  to  the  aoihmlt 
of  the  Piastem  Ballacb,  and  along  the  summit  of  both  the  BallachB,  aa  far  to  tha  farthest  aide  oS 
the  well  which  ia  called  Leakyi^win,  and  from  that  well  even  at  the  rill  of  the  wdl  nma  dowD 


If  a  penonage  of  rank,  or  of  falaccmTaleacence.    A  repreaentatiMiof  both  ridea  of  this  aged  Sealisgirea 
Apposite  the  Pt^'i  signature  in  the  preceding  page. 

This  auoient  foreign  Deed,  which  amoi^  ui  must  be  rsgaided  as  aa  object  of  peculiar  enrfoaity,  dte 
leaned  Ban»et  hat  enabled  the  Editor  to  exhibit,  not  only  more  correct  than  before,  bat  completed, 
moreoTer,  by  the  signaturet  of  those  hlgb,  thou^  otherwise  foigollen  Dignitaries,  iriw  eo^johed  with 
tbe  inspired  Apostles'  more  infallible  snccesRor,  in  aathenticatti^  onr  establishment  of  Kinloas,  wfaidi 
was  honoured  by  a  riilt  of  twenty  day*,  by  the  monarch  of  England  who  first  bore  theBsmeoTEdwanl, 
who  with  hiiattendanls,*c>}camingfbrayear,coaaanud  6U  duddertofmalt.  Thenameaof  thechorch- 
es  in  Home,  of  wfaldi  these  ■nbieribtng  Presbyter  and  Deacon  Cardiualiweie  tbe  Titulars,  andby  wUcfa 
tttelr  slgnatnrea,  with  discriminating  speciality,  are  authentiratad, — being  by  Ibe  rerolntirai  of  G  cen- 
turies and  a-balf,  partially  obliterated,  llie  Baronet  has  been  able  to  restore,  by  acomparison  of  tbe  Bull 
with  the  publication  of  Vasi,— wbidi,  with  most  obliging  cintdescension,  he  has  enabled  (be  Editor  to 
gire  fisih  to  the  pobUc,— to  whom,  b  Itieir  name,  theiefare,  and  in  his  own,  he  begs  leare,  with  Ae 
aentimoiti  of  the  highest  cooiideration  and  respect,  to  make  his  gratefal  sckaowledgmeuts. 


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APPENDIX.  4A1 

\y  Gfodok  to  Iday ;  ud  so  Hcending  along  Islay  even  to  Edth,  and  mitil  Foi^yn  fUla  into 
tbe  Ida; ;  and  tbence  goiogf  up  along  Forgyn  even  to  Algaig,  and  so  even  to  Aldrochyn,  and 
fircnn  thmce  to  Alga^adyn,  and  bo  even  to  Ferthekmir,  and  as  far  as  TeUnire  and  Badnagir ; 
and  lo  going  up  tbe  water  as  far  as  Haugfaendoling ;  and  so  &r  as  Poleterf,  and  thence  to  Elan, 
gyilt^ ;  and  so  even  to  Tubemamin,  and  so  lo  Clochindosb ;  and  thence  going  dovn  by  Logyn 
to  Islay — to  be  held  in  dear  alma — r-Witnesses,  R.,  Bishop  of  Moray ;  J.,  Bishop  of  Caithness ; 
R.,BidiopofRosii  H.,  Chancellor ;  William,  the  son  of  Freakyv ;  Hugh,  tbesonofFreikyn. 
At  Elgin,  tbe  last  day  of  Joly. 

No.  XXVIII.— rAe  Cathedral  and  Canmu  at  ^ptyme; 
Chart.  Morale. 

Bucios  Momviends  Eplscopns,  nniversts  Sancte  matrb  EcdesiK  fillis.  Cam  prstdecessorea 
nostri  nnllam  ceitam  et  stabilem  in  Eicdesia  tenaere  sedem,  sed  pro  libitn  in  nna  tantum  Eccle- 
aianwi,  viz.  Brcnntb,  aat  de  Spray,  aot  de  Keoedar,  sedem  adoptaveiunt ;  Domino  nostro  Pape 
ImoCENTro  bvuniliter  sapplicavimus,  ut  in  Eclesia  Ssactae  Trinitatis  de  Speny  pro  futnriB  tern, 
poribiu  sedem  tenerent  Qui  mandavit  Episcopis  Sancti  Andreae,  et  de  Brechyn,  et  Abbati  de 
LondoriB,  ut  praefetam  Ecelesiam  Cathedialem  honoris  titulo  decoiarent.  Quapropter  venera- 
biles  illi  viri,  anctoritate  Apostolica,  praefatam  Ecdesiam  Sanctae  Trinitatis  Cathedralem  decor- 
anmt,  earn  in  faturis  temporibns  Moraviae  Episcopis  statoentes  et  confirmantes  Cathedralem. 
In  honorem  et  revereiftiam  dictae  Ecclesiae,  t!L  in  amplificationem  divini  coitus,  octo  Canonias, 
nun omnibos  jastis peitinentiia  assignavimoB,  viz.  ImaCanoniaDecanatoiassignata,  E^cdesiade 
Erin  cnm  capdla  de  Innemarin.  2da  Canonia  Cantariae  assignata,  Ecdesia  de  Lamnabryde, 
et  Bcdeaia  de  Alvais,  et  E^cdeala  de  Raffos.  3tia  Canonia  Thesanrariae  assignata,  Ecdesia  de 
Klnedar,  et  Ecdesia  de  Eskyles.  4ta  Canonia  CanceUariae  assignata  Fortherves,  Lythenes,  et 
Lonyn,  et  Doldavy ;  aalra  tenora  Willelmi  filii  WiUdmi  filii  Freduni  in  praedictls  terris,  viz. 
Lnnyfa  de  Doldavy,  item  terra  de  Logyn  juxia  Duffus.  fita  Canonia  Ecdesia  Sancti  Petri  de 
Strathoveu,  et  Ekxdesia  de  Urcfaard  ultra  Inneniys.  6ta  Canonia  Forais  et  de  L(^n  Fythenach. 
Hanc  aatem  Canoniam  Archidiaconatni  nostro  in  iMtrpetnam  aswgnamua.  Tma  Canonia  Ecde- 
sia de  Speny.  8va  Canonia  Ecdesia  de  Rnthvon  et  de  Dupol.  E^  Bridns  Moravtenais  Epis- 
copos  Snbscribo.  E/ga  Radulfos  Abbas  de  Kinloss.  Ego  lUcardus  Prior  de  Urcbaid.  E^ 
GilbertDi  Abbas  de  Aberbrotb.  Williebnas  Persona  de  Edindum.  Johannea  Penona  de  Ait- 
yndde.  Gregorios  Vicarins  de  Altyre.  Andreas  Vicarios  de  Dnffus.  Gilbried  Persona  de 
Abertarf.  Alexander  Persona  de  Elgyn.  Wslteras  Sancts  Colmnbie  de  Petyta.  Stephsnos 
Persona  de  Glas. 

Translation  of  No.  XXVIII. 

Bruce,  Bishop  of  Moray,  to  dl  tbe  sons  of  holy  Mother  Church.  Whereas,  our  predecessors 
bad  no  certain  and  fiied  cbair  in  die  church ;  bat  by  whim  took  only  one  of  the  churches  of 
Biraie,  or  Spynie  or  Kennedar,-r-we  have  humUy  supplicated  oar  Lord  Pope  Innocent,  that  for 
the  time  to  come,  they  shall  hold  their  chair  in  the  chorch  of  the  holy  Trini^  of  Spynie,  who 

Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


452  APPENDli. 

-chai^d  tbeBiahopsofSt  Andrews,  and  of  Brechin,  and  the  Abbot  of  Lindoiia,  that  they  shonld 
embellieh  the  said  cathedral  church  with  the  title  of  honour.  Whereupon  these  Tenerable  gen- 
tlemen embeUbhed,  by  Apostolic  authority,  the  said  Cathedral  Church  of  the  h(dy  Trinity, — or- 
daining and  confirming  it  U>  be  the  Cathedral  of  the  Bishops  of  Moray  in  (bture  times.  For  the 
reverence  and  honour  of  the  said  Church,  and  for  the  further  diHusion  of  divine  worship,  we 
have  appointed  eight  Canonries,  with  all  their  proper  pertinents, — beJhg  the  first  Canonry  as. 
signed  to  the  Deanship  with  the  Church  of  Aldem,  and  the  Chapel  of  Nairn  ;  the  second  Ca- 
nonry being  aosigned  lo  the  Chantor,  with  the  Church  of  Alves,  the  Church  of  Rafford,  and  the 
Church  of  Lhanbryde;  the  third  Canonry  to  the  Treasurer,  with  the  Church  of  Kennedar,  and 
the  Church  of  Eesle ;  the  fourth  Canonry  to  the  Chancellor,  with  Fortherres,  Lethin,  Lnnyn, 
and  Duldavy  ;  the  fif>h  Canonry,  with  the  Church  of  St  Peter  in  Strathavon,  and  the  Church  of 
Urquhart,  beyond  Inverness;  the  sixth  Canonry  with  the  Church  of  Forres,  and  Loggy-fy-die- 
nach,  and  this  Canonry  we  assign  in  perpetuity  to'  our  Arch-deanship ;  the  seventh  Canonry 
-with  the  Church  of  Spynie  ;  the  eighth"  Canonry  with  the  Church  of  Ruthrea  and  Dipple. 

I,  Bruce,  Bishop  of  Moray,  subscribe — ^I,  Radulf,  Abbot  of  Kioloss — I,  Richard,  Prior  of  XTr- 
qnhard — ^I,  Gilbert,  Abbot  of  Ardbroath — William  Parson  of  Edindtmi — John  Parson  of  Artin. 
dole — Gregory,  Vicar  of  Altyre — Andrew,  Vicar  ofDuffus — GUbried,  Parson  of  Abertarf — Alex- 
ander, Parson  of  Elgyn— Waller  of  the  Holy  GhoM  of  PeUy — Stephen,  Parson  of  Glass. 

No.  XXIX. — Grant  artent  the  Prebends  of  KiTtgusHe,  8fc. 

In  nomine  Patris,  &c.— Amen.  F!go  Andreas  Moravieosis  Episcopns,  ad  amplificandum  eoltnm 
^livinam  in  Ecctesia  nostra  Catbedrali,  constituo  duas  Prebendas,  et  eas  eidein  Ecclesis  assigno. 
Unam,  sciz.  de  Eicclesiis  de  Kiagusy,  vel  de  Insbe,  cum  manais  suis :  Et  aliam  de  Ficcleuis  de 
'Croyn  et  Lunyn,  cum  mansis  suis.  Quare  volo,  ut  ille  babeat,  qui  pro  tempore  in  Eccleaia  C^ 
thedrali  Vicarius  mens  fuerit,  et  Canonicus  sit  ejiradem  Ecclesie,  cultum  facturus  in  eadem  tan. 
^uam  Vicarius  meus.    Actum  anno  Gratiie  1226. 

Translation  of  JVo.  XXIX. 

In  the  name  of  the  Father,  &c,,  amen.  I,  Andrew,  Bishop  of  Moray,  for  the  further  diAi»on  f^ 
divine  worship  in  our  Cathedral  church,  constitute  two  Prebends,  and  to  each  of  them  I  astign 
a  church,  namely,  to  one  the  church  of  Kingussie  or  Inch,  with  dieir  manBes ;  and  to  the  otfav 
ihe  church  of  Croy  and  Lunyn,  with  their  manses, — wherefore,  I  ordain,  that  he  who  for  the 
time  shall  be  my  Vicar  in  the  Cathedral  church,  shall  have  them  and  be  a  Canon  of  the  same 
church,  and  shall  perform  worship  in  the  same  as  my  Vicar.  Executed  in  the  year  of  our  Re- 
demption 1226. 


*  Andrew,  Btihop  of  Moray,  confirmed  the  gift  of  Bishop  Bririus  for  eight  Canonries ;  and  to  Ihem 
he  added  the  Kirks  af  Rynie,  Duobenaii,  Kyoor,  laverkethay,  Elethin,  (now  Blchiei),  and  Buchary, 
(now  Botary),  Cromdale  and  A'dvyn,  Kinfussie  and  Inch,  Croyn  and  LuDyo;  pnriiably  now  Cny  an4 
Lnndichty  or  Duolichtie. 


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4SA 


No.  XXX. — Procuratume»  Decanatuum.* 


Ecclesi&  de  AldbeiTii,. .     i 
Dylie,    Moy,    el  Altyra 
coqjuncti,  .....>..•• 


40 


DeeanatM*  dt  Tmtnust. 

DeKiDoreetDonbeiuii 

40 

Sol. 

DeAberkerdir, 

Ecclesia  de  Invemyss,, 
De     ; 

40 

De  Rolhemay, 

De  Gamtully  et  Drum. 

40 

DeK&v  "*.;;;".; 

03  < 

De     

Summa,  £21   13     4. 
Dtamatiu  dt  SlnttK 

De 

DeFeraua, 

tpe. 

De     

De  DcTOlh, 

Kinguay  et  Inshe, .... 

40 

DeCroyn, 

RotemorcuB, 

Summa,  25  lib. 

Kyncardyn, 

20 

40 

L.  DRS. 

40 

Ecclem  de  Glu 

Abemei, 

20 

De  Rynie  et  Essie, 

40 

Cromdale  et  AdTey, . . 

40 

De  Ruthven, ■ 

40 

Snmma,  14  Ub. 

DolasMichel, 40 

AlvaysB 40 

DaSiis, 40 

Elgyn,  Spynie  et  Bro- 
□eth, 40 

Urchard, 40 

Essyl, 40 

Dundailras 40 

Rotbus 40 

Kinedar,   49 

Summa,  25  lib.  prster 
Monasteria  de  Ur- 
chard et  de  Plus- 
card  en. 

No.  XXXI. — Regarding  the  Tranamutation  of  the  Cathedral. 

H0NORIU8  EpiBcopDB  servos  serrorum  Dei,  renerabili  fratri  Episcopo  Cathanensi,  et  dilectis  fililn 
Abbati  de  Kinlos,  MoraviensiB  Diocesia,  et  Decano  de  Rosamark,  salutem  et  Apostolicam  bene, 
dictionem.  Veniens  ad  presentiaai  nostram,  Teuerabilis  frater  noster  Moravienaia  Episcopns 
aspe  nobia  exposait,  et  noetds  frequenter  auribus  inculcavit,  quod  ipsiua  sedes,  pnetei  id  quod 
est  In  loco  minus  tnto,  in  tam  solitario  loco  subsistit,  ut  nulla  ibi  contin^t  venalia  reperire,  uude 
plerumque  fit,  ut  clerids,  pro  emendis  sibi  necessariis  longinquius  accedentibus,  divinonim  cul. 
tns  officionim  non  modicum  impeditur.  Quare  idem  Episcopus  cum  multa  precum  inatantia 
poatnlavit  a  nobis,  nt  sedem  eandem  ad  locum  transrerri  habiliorem,  viz.  Sancti  Trinitatis  joxta 
Elgyn  (carissimo  filio  nostro  illustri  Rege  Scotorum,  et  Moraviensi  Capitulo  boc  ipsum,  at  dictos 
Episcopus  assent,  affectantibus)  mandaremus.  Nos  igitur,  discretion!  et  prudentis  festrse  in 
Domino  confidentes,  per  Apostolica  vobia  scripta  mandamus,  quatenus  vocatis  quos  videtia  evo. 
candos,  proviso  etiam,  quod  necessitas  vel  utilitas  fieri  boc  exposcat,  pensatis  iosuper  circum. 
fltantiis  universia,  super  translatione  hiyusmodi,  auctoritate  Apostolica  faciatis,  quod  sedem  Do. 
mini,  et  utilitatem,  et  honestatem  Momviensis  Ecclesite  cc^overitis  expedire.  Quod  si  non 
omnibus  bis  exsequendts  potoeritis  interease,  tu,  frater  Episcope,  cum  eorum  attero  ea  nifailomi- 
noB  exsequare.    Datum  Laterani,  4o  Idus  Aprilis,  Pontificatus  nostri  Ao  60  (L  e.  A  D.  1224.) 


*  Procurations  were,  a  compositkni  paid  by  the  Parish  Priest  to  his  EccIesiastiCBl  Judge,  to  a 
mule  for  tbe  entertainiaetit,  which  va^olberways  to  be  provided  for  him  at  bin  vbitatimi. 


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454  APPENDIX. 

Traitslation  of  No.  XXXL 

HoHOUODB,  the  Bishop,  the  serrant  of  the  servants  of  Ood,  with  hto  Apostolic  benedictioD,  visb- 
es  health  to  his  renenble  brother,  the  Bishop  of  Caithness,  and  to  his  beloved  sons,  the  Abbot 
of  Kinloss,  in  the  diocese  of  Moray,  and  the  Dean  of  Rosemarkj, — the  Biabop  of  Monjr  oar  ve- 
nerable brother  bang  present  with  as,  hath  often  times  set  forth,  and  frequently  in  oar  ears  hath 
inculcated,  that  his  Cathedral,  besides  being  exposed  to  danger  from  being  ritnled  in  a  veiy  so- 
litary place,  that  it  happens  that  no  saleable  commodi^  ia  found  there, — whoice  it  freqaently 
happens,  that,  by  the  remote  occasions  of  the  clergy  to  buy  necessaries  for  tbenuelTes,  the  atten- 
tion  to  divine  daties  is  gready  interrapted.  Wherefore,  the  said  Bishop,  with  much  eanieBtnesB, 
requested  of  ae,  that  the  same  Cathedral  should  be  transferred  to  a  more  conrenient  station,  riz. 
of  the  Holy  Trinity,  near  Elgin,  which  we  have  commanded  our  moot  dear  son,  the  illDBtriooB 
King  of  the  Scots,  and  the  chapter  of  Moray,  aa  the  said  Bishop  asserts,  approving — confiding, 
therefore,  in  your  prudence  and  ciiscietion  in  the  Lord,  we  command  you  by  oar  ApoeloHc  letter, 
that  calling  those  whom  you  know  ought  for  this  end  to  be  called,  carefnl,  moreover,  that  neces- 
sity or  utility  requires  this  to  be  done.  Farthersiore,  tha^  w^hing  all  circnmstancea  regardii^ 
such  translation,  ye  proceed  with  Apostdic  authority  to  expede  what  you  know  for  the  utility  ami 
respect  of  the  cburch  of  Moray,  the  bouse  of  the  Lord.  But  if  yoa  are  not  all  able  to  be  present 
in  these  conclusions,  you,  my  brother  Bishop,  with  another  of  them,  may,  nevertheless,  follow 
them  forth.    Given  at  the  Lateran,  in  the  eighth  year  of  oar  Pontificate,  A.  D.  -t224. 

The  Con^rmation, 

Ohnibvs  Christi  fidelibus  hoc  scriptum  visoris  vd  audituris,  Gilbertus  Dei  Gratia  Katanenata 
EpiscopUB,  et  H.  Deeanus  de  Roes,  salntem.  Mandatam  Domini  Papte  in  haec  verba  acc^i- 
mus.  Honoriua  Episcopns,  &c.  Venerabili  fratri.  Sec,  (as  above]  Hujus  Aactoritate  mandati. 
nna  cum  tertio  conjudice,  vocavimna  quoa  vidimus  evocandos,  certnm  locom  et  diem  vocatia 
praeGgentea ;  constilutls  igitur  in  preaentia.  nostra,  propter  hoc  evocatia,  praedicto  coojndice  noa- 
tro,  mandato  Apostoltco  ezsequendo  intereaae  non  valente,  et  per  literas  anas  patentee  ae  ad  to- 
tom  negotium  excasante,  Reverendo  Domino  nostro  Alexandro  illuatri  Regi  Scotiae,  translation. 
em  dictae  aedis  qaamplurimum  affectonte,  et  super  hoc  per  literas  nobis  instantios  supplicante, 
de  desiderio  et  volimtate  Moreviensis  Capitoli  hoc  ipsum  aflectantis,  et  com  snmma  instantia 
praefatam  translationem  postulantiB,  diligentins  inquirendo  certiores  effecti  simkus.  Constante 
igitur  nobis  plene  et  eridenter,  de  hia  quae  per  Episcopum  Moravieneem  Apostolicae  sanclitztti 
tam  veraciter  quam  fideliter  fuerunt  suggesta,  translationem  dictae  sedis  non  solum  necessitatem 
fled  utilitatem  evidentem  exponere  manifeate  perpendimos.  Ideoqae  auctoritate  Apostdlicaprae- 
dictam  sedem  tuque  ad  dictam  E^ccleaiam  Sanctae  Trinitatis  de  Elgyn,  duximua  transferendam, 
Eamqne  Cathedralis  honoris  titulo  decoraoimus,  Ipaamque  in  poeterom  omnibus  fntmis  Episco- 
pis  MonvienaibuB  Slatuentes  Catbedralem,  Quod  ut  oniver^tati  vestrae  innotescat,  praeeends 
Bcripti  paginam,  Sigillorum  nostrorum  appositione  signavimus.  Datum  in  ipea  EU:clesia  Sanctae 
"Trinitatis  de  Elgyn,  anno  Gratiae  1234,  Begnante  illustrissimo  Regis  Alexandro  Praesidente 
■venerabili  in  Christo,  Fatre  Aindrea  Moravienai  Episcopo  14o.  Kalend.  Augusti  In  nomine 
Dwiisi  Amen.    Valete  in  Domino. 


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APFENDIX.  455 

Translation  of  tkf  Precedinff. 

GiUBKT,  by  tbe  favoorof  God,  Bishop  of  Caithness,  and  H.,  Dean  of  Roes,  wish  health  to  all  the 
bdievers  in  Christ  who  shall  see  or  hear  of  this  Deed.  We  have  received  the  command  of  our 
Lord  the  Pope,  in  these  words, — Honorius,  the  Bishop,  Stc.  To  the  venenible  Gentlemen,  &c., 
aa  above, — by  the  authority  of  this  coqunand,  together  with  a  third  co-judge,  we  haye  called  diose 
whom  we  oaght  to  have  called,  foremarking  to  the  called  the  certain  day  and  [dace.  Those,  there, 
fore,  who  were-on  this  account  summoned,  having  compeared  in  our  presence,  and  our  said  co- 
judge  being  unable  to  be  present,  in  executing  the  Apostolic  mandate,  and  having,  by  his  letters 
patent,  excused  himself  from  the  whole  concernment, — our  gready-hououred  Lord,  Alexander, 
the  illuBtriouB  King  of  Scotland,  greatly  approving,  and,  moreover,  earnestly  requesting  us  by  his 
letter,  we  were  made  certain  by  careful  inquiry,  of  the  desire  and  will  of  the  chapter  of  Moray 
approving  of  this  very  object,  and  with  much  earnestness  requesting  the  said  translation.  We, 
tiierefore,  fully  and  evidently  agreeing,  that  those  things  were  suggested  by  the  Bishop  of  Moray, 
of  Apostolic  sanctity,  as  truly  as  faithfully,  we  have  maturely  considered  to  set  forth  openly,  not 
only  the  necessity,  but  the  evidently  advantageous  translation  of  the  said  Cathedral,  and,  there, 
fore,  by  the  said  Apostolic  authority,  we  have  instituted  that  the  said  Cathedral,  be  transferred 
unto  the  said  Church  of  the  holy  Trinity  of  Elgin,  and  we  have  decorated  it  with  the  title  of  the 
honour  of  the  Cathedral,  appointing  it  henceforth  to  be  the  Cathedral  of  alt  the  future  Bishops  of 
Moray,  which,  that  it  may  become  more  untversaily  known,  we  have  signed  the  page  of  (his  pre- 
sent writing,  by  the  setting  of  our  seals.  Given  in  the  church  itself  of  the  holy  Trinity  of  Elgyn, 
in  the  year  of  the  Covenant  of  Grace,  1324 — our  most  illustrioua  King  Alexander  reigning,  the  ' 
venerable  Father  in  Christ,  Andrew,  Bishop  of  Moray  presiding,  the  14th  of  the  Kalends  of 
August,  in  the  name  of  the  Lord,  amen.    Fare  ye  well  in  the  Lord. 

No..  XXXII.— rAe  Burning  of  the  Cathedral 

Post  obitiun  Robert]  Senescalli  R^s,  et  ante  coronationem  filii  ejus  Comitis  de  Corryke,  gentes 
domini  Alesandri  Senescalli  filii  Regis,  defuncti,  in  fine  mensis  Maii,  anno  1390,  combusserunt 
vllam  de  Forjrss,  et  Chorum  Bccless  Saudi  Laurentii  et  man^rium  Archidioconi  subditus  villom. 
Et  mense  Junii  sequentis,  in  festo  beati  Botulphi  ahbads,  pracsente  eodem  Domino  Alexandro, 
combusseront  totam  villam  de  Elgyn,  et  Ecclesiam  Sancti  £^idii  in  ipsa,  domtun  Deijuxta 
Elgyn,  decern  nobiles  et  octo  mansiones  nobiles  et  pulchras  Canonicorum  et  Capellanorum.  Et 
quod  amarius  et  dolendnm,  nobilem  et  decoram  Ecclesiam  Moraviensem,  speculum  ptUriae  et 
decus  Regni,  cum  omnibus  libris  et  bonis  aliisqne  patriae  in  ea  reconditis.  Alexander  de  ineulis, 
filius  tertio  genitus  Domini  de  Insnlis,  cum  sols  capitoneis  intravit  violenter  in  Canoniam  de 
Elgin  tertio  die  mensis  Julii  anno  1402,  et  ipsam  depredavit  totaliter  de  omnibus  bonis  repertis 
in  ea,  et  villam  de  Elgyn  pro  magna  parte  combussit 

Translation  of  No.  XXXII. 

Arria  the  death  of  King  Robert  Stewart,  and  before  the  coronation  of  his  son,  the  EUrl  of  Car- 


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456  APPENDIX. 

rick,  tbe  blackguards  of  Lord  Alexander  Stewart,  the  son  of  the  deceased  King,  in  the  end  of 
May,  Lu  the  year  1390,  burnt  the  town  of  Forrea,  and  the  choir  of  the  Church  of  St  Laaienc^ 
and  the  manse  of  the  Arcb-dean  in  the  aubuiba.  In  the  month  of  June  tbeieailer,  in  ibe  ieaat 
of  St  Abbot  Botulph,  the  same  Lord  Alexander  being  of  tbe  party,  they  burnt  the  whole  ciQr  of 
Elgin,  and  the  church  of  St  Giles  (now  to  be  rebuilt  in  magnificence  and  Bpleodor}  therein,  and 
God's  houK  (Maiaon  Dieu)  at  Elgin,  ten  stately  and  eight  splendid  manses  of  the  canons  and 
chaplains,  and  what  was  more  bitter  and  deplorable,  the  magniGcoit  and  elegant  Cathedral  of 
Moray,  tbe  mirror  of  tbe  land,  tbe  glory  of  the  Kingdom,  with  all  the  books  and  other  precioaa 
things  therein  contained.  Alexander  of  the  Isles,  the  third  son  of  the  Lord  of  the  Islor  with  his 
cateren,  violently  entered  the  canonry  of  Elgin,  on  the  3d  day  of  July,  in  the  year  1403,  and  apo- 
lied  it  entirely  of  every  thing  valuable  found  therein,  and  burnt  a  great  part  of  the  city  of  Elgin. 

No.  XXXIII.— GVonr  of  the  Church  of  Femua. 

Omnibus,  &c.  Andreas  Episcopus  Moraviensis.  Noveritis,  Nos,  pro  cnltus  diviniamplificatione^ 
dedisse  Ecclesiie  Sonctte  I'rinitatis  de  Elgin,  ad  commontun  canoniconim,  Ecclesiam  de  Femoa 
cum  jiertinentiia,  ezcepta  ana  dimidia  Davoch  pertinente  ad  mensam  nostram,  Ecclesiam  de 
Iiogyn-kenny,  excepta  una  Davach  ad  meuHiun  nostram,  Ecclesiam  de  Kynchardyn  in  Strathspe, 
salva  nna  dimidia  Daracb  teirae  od  mensam  Episcopalem  ;  Ecclesiam  de  Abemeth,  de  Altyre, 
de  Euan  in  Brenacb,  de  Artendol,  in  peipetnum,  predictis  canonids  habendas  cum  frnctibos 
eamm,  ad  commonem  fratrum  residentiam  tantum.  Actum  anno  Gratis  1 239,  mensis  Decern, 
bris  penultimo  die. 

Tramlation  of  No.  XXXIII. 

Amduw,  Bishop  of  Moray,  know  all  men,  &c.,  that  for  the  further  diffusion  of  divine  worshif^ 
we  have  given  to  the  church  of  the  holy  Trinity  of  Elgin,  for  the  participation  in  common  of  the 
canons,  the  chnrch  of  Femua,  with  its  pertLnents,  excepting  one-half  Daugh,  pertaining  to  our 
table ;  the  church  of  Logyn  Kenny,  excepting  one  Daugh  for  our  table ;  the  church  of  Kincar. 
dine  in  Strathspey,  reserving  one  Daugh  for  the  Episcopal  table ;  tbe  church  of  Abemethy,  of 
Altyre,  of  Euan  in  Brenacb,  of  Artendole,  in  perpetui^, — tbe  said  canons  to  eiyoy  the  fruits  of 
them  in  the  paittdpalioa  only  of  the  brethren  who  are  leaident  Executed  hi  tbe  year  of  ooi  re> 
dempti<m  1339,  on  the  day  preceding  tbe  last  day  of  the  mcmth  of  December. 

No.  XXXIV. — Con^rTnation  of  the  Church  of  Daviot. 

Buciui  D.  G.  Episcopus  Moraviensis.  Noverit  universitas  vestra,  Nos,  ad  instantiam  et  petition- 
em  Fresl^ni  de  Kerdal  avuncoli  nostri,  dedisse  E>x;tesiam  de  Deveth,  cum  pertinentiis,  Eccle- 
■ie  SanctK  Trinitatia  de  Spynie  Fabrics  ^usdem  Ecclesise.  Testilms,  Ilngone  de  Dnglas, 
Alexandro  et  Henrico  fratribus  nostris,  &c. 


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APPENDIX.  4S7 

Trarulation  of  \o  XXXIT. 

BaocB,  by  the  favour  of  Ood,  Bishop  of  Moray.  Be  it  Imown  to  yon  all,  that  we,  Qpon  the  soli- 
citation and  request  of  Freakyn  of  Kirkdale,  oar  Uncle,  have  given  the  KiA  of  Daviot,  with  its 
pertinenta,  to  the  church  of  the  holy  Trinity  of  Spynie,  for  the  fabric  of  that  church — witnesses, 
Hugh  Douglas,  Alexander  and  Henry,  our  brothers,  &c. 

No.  XXXV.— Gron*  of  the  Church  of  Bahrtuie. 

Omnm,  &c.  Andreas  Mor&viensus  Episcopos.  Noreritis,  Nos  hac  Carta  confinnasae  Deo  et 
Beate  Maris  et  Ecdesia  Sancts  Trinitatia  de  Elgyn,  ad  luminare  ejusdem,  Ecclesiam  de  Daler- 
gnsie  in  Strathem  in  perpetuam  Eleemosynam. 

Translation  of  No.  XXXV. 

Ahdbbw,  Bishop  of  Moray.  Kn,ow  all  that  by  this  deed  we  hare  confinned  to  God,  and  to  St 
Maiy,  and  to  the  church  of  the  Holy  Trinity  of  Elgin,  for  lighting  tip  lh«  same,  the  church  of 
Dalansie,  in  Strathem,  in  perpetual  alms. 

No.  XXXVI.— l>eerf  of  Forres  and  Dyke. 

WtLLiELHQS  D.  O.  Rex  Scottorum.  Sciant,  Me  dedlsee  et  confinnasse  Ricardo  Episcopo  Mora. 
Tiensi  in  perpetuum,  Ecclesiam  de  FonuyB,  et  Eccleuam  de  Dyke  cum  pertinentiis,  in  ponun 
Eleeiiio97nam.  Testibus,  Comite  David  Fratre  meo,  Hogone  Chancellario  meo,  Comite  Dun. 
cano,  W.  filio  Freskyn,  Hugone  filio  suo.    Apud  Elgin. 

Translatimi  of  No.  XXX  FL 

Wauui,  bythegiaciousnessofOod,  King  of  the  Scots,  Be  it  known,  that  I  have  granted  and, 
in  perpetni^,  confirmed  to  Richard,  Bishop  of  Moray,  the  church  of  Forrays,  and  the  church  of 
Dyke,  with  their  pertinents,  in  alms,  without  leservatioD — witnesses.  Earl  David,  my  brother, 
Hngb,  my  Chancellor,  Earl  Duncan,  William,  son  of  Fieskyn,  Hugh,  his  son.    At  Elgin, 

No.  XXXTII.— ZJfierf  of  the  Cathedral  Church. 

Ai.BZANDEm  D.  G.,  Sec.  Sciant  Nos,  pro  salute  animae  noetrae,  dedisse  ad  sustentstionem 
uniuB  CBfiellaiu  pro  anima  R«^s  Dunoani,  et  animabus  fidelium  io  Eccleaia  Cathedrali  de  EU 
gyn,  tres  marcas  singulis  annis  percipiendas  de  firma  burgi  uostride  Elgyn,  medietatem  ad  Pen. 
tecoBten,  et  aliam  ad  festum  Sancti  Martini.  Testibus,  W.  Episcopo  Glasguensi  Cancellario,  W. 
Cummyn  Com.  de  Mynteith,  apud  castnim  puelUrum,  31die  Aprilis,  anno  RegniJ}oauni  Refit 
vicesimo  primo, 


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^£8  APPENDIX. 

Tramdatum  of  No.  XXXVIl 

Alexandek,  by  the  favour  of  God,  &c.  Be  it  known,  that  we,  for  the  Balvation  of  our  soul,  have 
granted  for  the  support  of  one  Chaplain  in  the  Cathedral  Church  of  Elgin,  for  the  Bonl  of  King 
Duncan,  and  for  the  souls  of  all  the  believers,  three  merks,  yearly,  to  be  paid  by  equal  portioDS 
from  the  estate  of  our  bu^h  of  Elgin, — the  half  at  Whitsunday,  and  the  other  half  at  the  feast 
of  St  Martin. — Witnesses,  W.,  Bishop  of  Gla^;ow,  the  Chanc^ellor,  W.  Cununing,  Earl  of  Mmu 
teith,  at  the  Castle  of  the  Lassies,  SIst  day  of  April,  the  tneoty-first  year  of  the  reign  of  the 
King. 

No.  XXXVIII.— rA«  Donation  of  King  William. 

W1LLIELMU3  Rex  Scottonim  concessit  Ricardo  Moraviensi  Kpiscopo,  et  successoribas  ejus,  unmn 
toftum  in  Bu^o  de  Banef,  untun  in  Inverculan,  unum  in  Elgyo,  unum  in  Forrays,  onum  in 
Eren,  unum  in  Invemyss,  et  upum  in  Kyulbor.    Apud  Elgyn. 

Trantlatim  of  No.  XXXVIII. 

WiLUAM,  King  of  the  Scots,  hath  granted  to  Richard,  Bishop  of  Moray,  and  his  ■uccessors,  one 
Toft  in  the  burgh  of  Banff,  one  in  CuUen,  one  in  Elgin,  one  in  Forres,  one  m  Aldem,  one  in 
Inverness,  and  one  in  Kintore.     At  Elgin. 

No.  XXXIX. — Grant  of  Logynanadah. 

IticARDUs  D.  G„  &c.  F.piscopus  Moravien»s.  Sciant,  He  dedisse  WiUielmo  filio  Fr«kyn,  et 
heredibus  snis,  Logynonadel  et  Logyndykes.  Reddendo  annuatim  unum  petram  cerae  ad  featum 
Sancti  Patricii.  Etiam  concessimus  Deo  et  ICcclesiae  Sancti  Petri  de  Duffus  plenarias  decimas 
ejusdem  lerrae.  Testibus,  Willielmo  filio  Wysmon,  Augustino  de  Elgyn.  Datum  Anno  Gra- 
tiae,  1 190. 

Tramlatimt  of  iVo.  XXXIX. 

RicHAXn,  by  the  favour  of  God,  Bishop  of  Moray.  Let  it  be  known^  that  I  have  granted  to  Wil- 
liam, the  son  of  Freskyn,  and  hb  heirs,  Lt^ynanadel  and  Lc^yndykes, — returning  yeuly,  there- 
fore, one  stone  of  Wax  at  the  feast  of  St  Peter.  We  have  also  granted  to  God,  and  the  cbnrch 
of  St  Peter,  in  Dufliis,  the  whole  tithes  of  ihat  parish. — Witness,  William,  son  of  Wiseman, 
Angiutin  of  Elgin.     Granted  the  year  of  our  redemption,  1190. 

No.  XL.— For  a  Site  for  the  Mill  of  SheriffmilL 


Anpkbu  Epiacopus  Moraviensis.     Noverint  universi,  Nos,  consensu  Capituli  nostri,  dedisse 
Waltero  de  Moravia,  et  heredibus  suis,  unum  situm  Molendini  super  Ixwsy,  in  terra  nostra  de 


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APPENDIX.  450 

Anehterspynie.    Et  Tolotma,  at  pouideat  jure  perpetno  ad  nudendimi  Bladura  sanm  et  homu 
iHun  snorom.     Beddendo  singulis  aimis  unun  petnm  piperie,  et  tdiam  libnun  caminL    Actual 
ftimo  1331,  Sextoe  Idiu  Octobris.    Testibas,  Dsrid  de  Strathlfolgyn,  Willielmo  Agio.    *  Eg* 
•  Andreas  Epiecopos  MoraTieoais  Sabscriba* 

Trartglation  of  No.  XL. 

Ahimuw,  Bishop  of  Mony.-  Let  all  men  know,  that  ve,  vith  the  consent  of  onr  chapter,  faaT« 
granted  to  Walter  de  Moray,  and  to  bis  heirs,  one  site  for  a  Mill  npon  Lossy,  in  onr  land  of 
Anchterspynie,  and  we  will  that  he  posaess  it  in  perpetuity,  for  grinding  his  own  com,  and  the 
com  of  his  people.  Paying,  therefore,  yearly,  one  atone  of  Pepper,  and  one  pound  of  Comin. 
Dcme  in  the  year  1231,  the  sixth  of  the  Ides  of  Octeber.-'Witnesses,  David  of  Strathboggy^ 
William  Agno,  i  I,  Andrew,  Bishop  of  Moray,  aubscribe. 

No.  XLI. — GrafU  of  the  Kirk  of  Kyloaktrgy. 

JoHiNNBS  Byaeth  onmibos,  &c.  S%nifico,  Me,  pro  anima  Willielmi  R^is  Scotie,  dedisss  Detf 
et  Ecdente  Sancti  Petri  de  Rothsan,  ad  SnstentatioDem  Leprosoram  ibi  Deo  serrientium,  Jua 
Patrooatus,  et  quicquid  habui  in  donatione  Ecclesiie  de  Kylcalaigy,  stbi  et  Sucoessoriboa  suiS' 
Teatibua,  D.  Andrea  Episcopo,  F.  Decano,  &c. 

Translation  of  No.  XLI. 

John  BisKt,  I  inform  all  men,  that  t,  for  the  soul  of  William,  King  of  Scotland,  have  givm  to 
God,  and  to  the  chorch  of  St  Peter,  in  Rothsey,  for  the  support  of  the  Lepers  serving  God  (here, 
the  right  of  patrmage,  and  whatever  I  have  in  donati<»i  of  the  Kirk  of  Kylcalargy,  to  him  and 
hia  successors, — Witaessea,  D.  Andrew,  Bishop,  F.  Dean,  &c. 

No.  XLII. — Grant  of  Ro89~~^obably  part  of  Rose  Isle. 

Ohmbvs,  &c.  Fergus  de  Androsaan  miles.  Noveritia,  Me  dedisse  Deo,  et  Archibaldo  Episcopo 
Moraviensi  et  Successoribus,  totam  terram  de  Rosa,  viz.  Duos  davachas  de  Clon,  quant  tenui  de 
Freakyno  de  Moravia,  ad  Sustentationem  Capellauorum  in  Ecclesia  Cathedrali  de  Elgyn.  Da^ 
turn  Apud  Perth,  7o  KaL  Apriiis,  anno  Gratiee^  1263. 

Translation  of  No.  XLII. 

To  all  men,  &c.  Fergus  of  Androssan,  Knight  Know  ye,  that  I  have  giren  to  God,  and  hi 
Archibald,  Bishop  of  Moray,  and  his  successors,  my  whole  land  of  Ross,  namely,  the  two  Dauglut 


*  The  Hemben  of  the  Chapter  subscribe,  with  crosses  before  (heir  namen 

6  A 


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^60  APPENDIX. 

of  Clon,  which  I  held  frtmi  FreaVyn  de  Moray,  for  the  aupport  of  the  Chaplains  in  the  Cathedral 
church  of  Elgin.  Granted,  at  Perth,  the  7th  of  the  Kalenda  of  April,  in  the  year  of  the  CoTenant 
of  Grace,  1262.  , 

No.  XLIII. — Grant  of  an  Annuity  to  the  Cathedral  Church. 

Alexander  Rex  Scottornm.  Sciant,  Me  dedisse  ad  Suatentationem  nnius  Capellani,  in  Ecdeaia 
Cathedrali  Tres  maicas  Bingnlis  annis  percipiendas  de  firma  Burgi  nostri  de  Elgin,  ad  Pentkoa- 
tem  et  Festum  Sancti  Marlioi.  Teatibos,  W.  Epiacopo  Glasgneoai  Cancellario,  W.  Byseth,  &c. 
apud  Caatrum  puellaram,  anno  regni  21o,  i.  e.  1236. 

Translation  of  No.  XLIII.    . 

ALEXANDEa,  King  of  Scodand.  Know  aU  men,  that  I  ha»e  given,  for  the  support  of  one  Chap- 
lun  in  the  Church  Cathedral,  three  merks,  to  be  paid  yearly,  from  our  civil  list,  in  our  bui^  of 
Elgin,  at  Whitsunday,  and  the  Feast  of  St  Martin. — Witnesses,  William,  Biahop  of  Glasgow, 
Chancellor,  William  Bisset,  Sec.  at  the  Castle  of  the  Lassies,  in  the  twenty-first  year  of  our  reign, 
that  is.  1233. 

No.  XLIV. — Grant  of  the  Patronage  of  Ihiffu9> 

Omnibcs,  &c.  Willielmus  de  Fedreth,  et  Christiana  de  Moravia  uxor  sua,  Noveritis,  Noe  pro 
salute  animarum  nostrarum,  et  parentum,  et  Snccessorum,  Concessisse  Deo  et  Sancte  Trinitati 
de  Elgyn,  et  D.  Aichibaldo  Moraviensi  Episcopo,  omne  jus  advocationis  sen  Fatronatus  quod 
nos  habemus  in  Ecclesiam  Sancti  Petri  de  Duffhos,  seu  in  vicarie  vel  Capellis  ^usdem.  Datum 
apud  Kinedar  in  Moravia,  die  Martis  proximo  ante  festum  Apostolorum  Symonis  et  Judte,  anno 
Gratis,  1294. 

Translation  of  No.  XLIV. 

To  aU,  &c.  Know  ye,  that  William  de  Fedreth  and  Christian  de  Moray,  bis  wife,  forthesalva. 
lion  of  our  sotds,  and  the  souls  of  onr  parents,  and  of  our  children,  have  granted  to  God,  and  to 
the  holy  Trinity  of  Elgin,  and  to  D.  Archibald,  Bishop  of  Moray,  all  the  right  of  Advocation  or 
Patronage  that  we  have  to  the  church  of  St  Peter,  in  Duflua,  or  to  the  vicamge  or  chapels  thereof 
Granted  at  Kenedar,  in  Moray,  the  day  of  March  next,  before  the  Feast  of  the  Apostles,  Peter 
and  Jude,  in  the  year  of  the  Covenant  of  Grace,  1294. 

No.  XLV- — Tack  of  the  Teinds  of  Ruthoen  in  Stratkboggie. 

Mr  Adam  Hepburn,  Parson  of  Dipple,  granted  to  John  Gordon  of  Craigullie,  a  Tack  or  Lease 
of  the  Teinds  of  Rutfaven  in  Strathboggie,  of  date,  July  18,  16T4,  to  which  did  consent  and  sub- 
scribe, Geoi^e,  Bishop  of  Moray  ;  Alexander  Dunbar,  Dean;  James  Muirton,  Chantor;  Dun- 


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APPENDIX.  461 

hu,  Arch-deocon ;  John  Kneyclit,  Puson  of  Duffas ;  Williaiti  Satherland,  Panon  of  Moy ; 
Robert  Keith,  Panon  of  Kinare  ;  Alexander  Lesly,  Parson  of  Botarie ;  William  Paterson,  Sub- 
dean,  and  Archibald  Hendereon,  Panon  of  Kingussie.  (N.)  The  ori^al  was  in  the  bands  of 
Mr  Milne,  late  of  Speymouth. 

No.  XLVI. — From  the  Bo^  of  Assignations,  anno  1570,  in  the 
Lansyers'  Library, 

MINISTERS   OF    MORAY. 

MR  Robert  Pont,  Commissioner,  to  plant  Kirks  from  Ness  to  Spey,  400  merits. 

Bfjin— Alexander  Winsasler,  Minister,  100  Ubs.,  and  fiO  merks  sen  Beltyn,  1668. 

fV>»re»  a*d  Attyre—MT  Andrew  SympsOB,  Minister,  100  inerks. 

Inoerneu — Mr  Thomas  Huison,  Minister,  100  libs, 

Raffart  and  Kinloit — Alexander  Urchard,  Minister,  80  merks,  and  20  merks  mair  sen  BeltyO) 

1668,  providing  he  await  upon  his  office,  and  use  himself  without  sclander. 
Dh/m  and  Kinedour—tit  John  Keith,  Minister,  26  lib.,  without  ony  third. 
£rfi(«Aj/a»«— Mr  Aadro  Brown,  Minister,  24  merks. 

Vrekard,  LoMbrgdt,  and  £w/— Robert  Keith,  Minister,  24  merks,  November,  1567. 
Alvet  and  Lambryde — Mr  Patrick  Balfoure,  Minister,  40  libs.,  November,  1667,  now  to  have 

the  heal  thyrd  of  the  Chantary,  with  the  thyr^ls  of  the  aaids  Kirks. 

EXHORTERS. 

l)Hnd«Teut  H'nd  Dupi/— WiUiam  PslerWn,  Exhorter,  40  libs. 

Sirnay James  Johnston,  40  merks,  and  20  merks  mair  sen  Lambass,  1668,  because  he  is 

Scribe  to  the  Assemblis  in  Moray. 
^y«te~Jame8  Pbilp,  60  merks. 

Ptllie  and  Bralhollis—Aadio  Braboner,  40  libs.,  and  20  merks  sen  Beltyn,  1668, 
Urchard  and  G(mi»w"»te>i— Mr  James  Farquharson,  40  libs. 
Nairn — John  Zoung,  40  libs, 

jtotlitt Mr  James  Lesly,  Exhorter  and  Person,  the  thyrd  of  his  benefice. 

Lambryde — Andro  Stronach,  20  libs.,  Candlmass,  1667. 

Sancl  dndrou  Kirk—Mi  Alexander  Lesly,  40  merks,  Candlmas,  1667. 

Brayevin  and  Braicfc/ie— Alan  Mackintosh,  Exhorter  and  Reider  in  the  Irish  tongue,  40  libs., 

Candlmass,  1567. 
Abemsthie  and  Kingaiie — John  Glas,  Reider  and  Exhorter  in  Irish,  £33,  6s;  8d. 
IHirris,    Boleskin,  and  Abertarf—Jaiaen  Dubh,    20  libs,,    and  20  libs,  mair  sen,  November, 

1869. 
UffHon — James  Ker,  40  roerks,  November,  1.569. 
Alvet  and  A"( «/<««— Alexander  Bad,  40  merks  sen  Beltyn,  1570. 
Lagga» — Alexander  Clark,  40  merks,  November,  1669. 


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40S  APPENDIX. 

Aldtr»MdNaiTn~ViahKai  Reech,  £S6,  13b.  4d.,  NorcBber,  IffJQ. 

Altnt—JvDBM  KfcvB,  40  meiks,  Beltyn,  1672. 

N.  an  Ifae  mu^B.    Mr  John  Keith,  CommiMioner,  admitted  the 

Kynedvmrd— William  Clark,  40  libs.,  Beltyn,  1572,  in  Mr  William  Wisaman'B  room. 

&aiDER«. 

X>o/«— William  Thomson,  10  libs.,  November,  1667. 

Croy-and  May — James  VaoB,  20  libs.,  Candlmass,  1067. 

Forr^i — John  Patterson,  20  liba. 

Moy — George  Symaon,  30  liba. 

iTyciE— Alexander  Duff,  30  libs. 

Ugstotm — James  Ker,  20  liba.,  now  Exhorter,  ma  November,  1669,  has  6  libs.  mair. 

Dvffta — William  Clark,  30  libs.,  Candlmass. 

Vrthard,  Lambryde,  and  Etnl — John  Blendsbel,  20  liba.,  Norember,  1667. 

Bmuuh — William  Symaon,  30  libs..  Candlmass,  1567. 

DurrU  and  BoUtkyn — James  Dubh,  30  libs.,  Caodlmsss. 

Loffgan  and  Mvie — Alexander  Clark,  20  libs.,  luok  amaiig  the  Bxhoftem. 

RaffoTt  and  Kinloit—Juaea  RawsoD,  30  libs. 

£«iM— Andro  Guthrie,  20  libs. 

.A^i«h(f/M— William  Rethie.  30  libs. 

Intterkylhnie — James  Abemethie,  30  liba. 

Rotkimay — Lorence  Donaldson,  20  libs. 

Mtire  and  Dolas—Jaha  Clark,  20  libs.,  Lambas,  lfi69. 

Ardclach — William  Brown,  the  thyrd  of  the  Vicarage,  extending  to  £3,  6s.  8d.,  th 

Moray  to  pay  the  rest  of  his  Stipend,  Lambaa,  ld7(X 
Kyntdward — Mr  William  Wys^nan,  10  libs.,  Lambas,  1569.  and  10  libs,  mair  sen 

1570. 
£/^i/iM— Thomas  Robertson,  10  libs.,  Lambas,  1569. 
Alve» — Alexander  Bad,  20  libs.,  Lambas,  1569,  now  Exhorter  sen  Beityoe,  1570,  has  mair  £6, 

13b.  4d.,  Beltyne,  1570. 
Lundichtie  and  Dawick— John  Dow-Maccondoquby,  SO  libs.,  November,  1569. 

No.  XLVII. — Original  Writa  bekm^ng  to  Campbell  of  Colder* 

Tick  of  Teinds,  by  Mr  Allan  Macintosh,  Parson  of  Evan,  to  Sir  John  Campbell  of  Caldet,  dated 
May  16, 1566,  and  subscribed  by  Geo^,  Bishop  of  Moray,  Alan  Macintosh,  Alexander  Dun- 
bar, Dean,  and  John  Keith,  Pare<Ha  of  Dufiua. 

Tack  of  the  Teinds  of  Ardclach,  by  Mr  Robert  Dunbar,  Sub^hantor  of  Moray,  to  John  Grant 
of  Frencbie,  dated  anno  1614,  narrating  a  former  Tack  granted  by  the  same  Mr  B<^>ert  Duab«r, 
anno  1597. 

Tack  of  the  Teinds  of  Ardclach,  by  Mr  Alexander  Dunbar,  Snb-cbantor  of  Mon^,  to  Jobs 
Rose  of  Beltivat,  anno  1583. 


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APPENDIX.  4KA 

■  Tocl  of  the  Vicarage  of  Aiddacb,  by  WUliam  Simson,  Ticar  thereof,  to  Hi^  Roee  of  Eilr^ 
Tock,  dated  July  22,  1688,  with  consent  of  George,  Bishop  of  Moray. 

Acquittance  of  Stipend  by  Mr  Allan  Macintosh,  Pareon  of  Eran,  dated  anno  IfiSl. 

Tack  of  the  T^ds  of  Cray  to  David  Row  of  Holm,  by  Mr  Patrick  Liddle,  Parson  of  Cloy 
and  Moy,  vith  consent  of  the  Bishop  and  Ch^iter,  dated  at  £lgia,  Aagost  9,  1579,  and  sob- 
scribed  by  Geo^,  Bishop  of  Moray ;  Patrick  Liddale ;  Alexander  Donbar,  Dean ;  Gavia  Don- 
bar,  Arch-deacon ;  Jtdm  Knight,  Parson  of  Daffqs ;  John  Gibson,  Prebendary  of  Unthank  ; 
William  Sntberlaod,  Paison  of  Moy;  Hogfa  Gregory,  Parson  of  Lundichtie ;  Alexander  Ralph- 
son,  Vaiaon  of  Spynie ;  James  Dunbar,  Parson  of  Pettie,  and  William  Douglas,  Vicar  of 

Tack  of  the  Teinds  of  Cray  to  David  Rose  of  Holm,  by  Mr  Patrick  Liddale,  Minister  at  Croy^ 
dated  anno  1685. 

Tack  of  the  Teinde  of  Lundichtie  to  Mr  William  Campbell  of  Brachly,  by  Mr  Jamea  Vaose^ 
Parson  of  Londichtie,  with  consent  of  Sir  John  Campbell  of  Calder,  Patron,  and  of  the  Bishop 
and  Chapter,  dated  atElgin,  July  36,  1 6 13,  and  subscribed  by  Alexander,  Bishop  of  Moray ; 
Thomas  Dunbar,  Dean ;  Patrick  TuUoch,  Arch-deacon ;  Garin  Dunbar,  Chantor  j  Williani 
Dnnbar,  Parson  of  May;  Dtmald  Macijueen,  Parson  of  Pettie,  and  Patrick  Donbar,  Parson  of 
Doffus. 

Acqinttance  of  Stipend  by  Mr  James  Vause,  Minister  at  Croy,  bearing  tbat  he  was  settleJ 
Minister  there,  and  that  Mr  Patrick  Dunbar  was  Minister  at  Durris,  anno  1618. 

Bond,  Alexander  Thomson,  Minister  at  Durris,  to  Sir  John  Campbell  of  Calder,  concerning 
ahundred  merles  of  Pension  granted  to  him,  dated  at  Inverness,  May  30,  1617. — Witness,  Mr 
James  Bishop  at  Invemesa. 

Renonciation  of  the  lands  of  Benchai  by  Alexander  and  Janet  Rose,  in  favour  of  John  Camp- 
bell of  Calder,  dated  June  3, 1598. — Andrew  Balfour,  Miiuster  at  Nairn,  witness. 

No.  XLVIII. — An  Abstract  of  King  Charles  the  Seconds  Letter 
to  the  Presbytery  of  Edinburgh. 

Ch&Rleb  Rex.  Trusty  and  well-beloved,  we  let  you  know  by  this  bearer,  Mr  James  Sharp,  bow 
well  we  are  satisfied  with  the  generality  of  the  Ministers,  whilst  some,  under  specious  pretences, 
swerved  from  the  allegiance  they  owed  to  us.  We  assure  you,  that,  by  the  grace  of  God,  we  re- 
solve to  discountenance  profanity,  and  all  contemners  and  opposers  of  the  ordinances  of  the 
Gospel.  We  do  also  resolve,  to  protect  and  preserve  the  Government  of  the  Church  of  Scotland, 
as  it  is  settled  by  law,  without  Eolation.  We  will  alw  take  care,  that  the  authority  and  Act  of 
die  General  Assembly  at  St  Andrews  and  Dundee,  1651,  be  owned  and  stand  in  force  until  we 
diall  call  another  Assembly,  which  we  propose  to  do  as  soon  as  ourjiffdrs  will  peimit  This 
you  shall  m^e  known  to  the  several  Presbyteries  within  that  our  kingdom.  Given  at  Whitefaallt 
Augost  10,  1660. 

6  B 


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464  IPPENDIX. 

No.  XLIX. — Synoi  of  Moray' t  Addrett  to  the  Earlof  Middletm, 
July  3,  1661. 

Mat  it  jdeaae  jout  Once.  The  Assembly  of  Ktaay  being  conrened  occasionally  bete  at  Elgin, 
hftTe  hod  a  gracioos  Proclamation  from  his  Majetty  anent  Chnieh  affiure,  by  Proridence  broagfat 
Into  their  huidi.  For  vhicfa  we  bold  oursdres  deeply  engaged  to  Ueas  the  King  of  faeaven  and 
earth,  who  hatb  both  restored  and  established  our  gracious  SoTereign  over  these  kingdoms,  and 
has  pat  it  in  his  Majesty's  royal  heart,  not  only  to  look  to  the  settlement  of  the  Ciril  State,  bnt, 
likewise,  to  own  the  interest  of  Jesus  Christ,  in  the  preservation  of  hia  precioos  truAs,  in  their 
purity  and  power.  And  as  we  are  very  sensible  of  his  Miyesty'a  care,  and  gradous  goodness  in 
this,  so  we  do  promise,  in  on  humble  acknowledgmoit  of  our  addebted  allegiance,  not  only  to 
disclaim  former  acta  of  disloyalty,  whereby  a  yoke  of  slavery  has  been  wreathed  n|V}n  oar  neA» 
by  usnrfMDg  oppressors,  in  these  years  lately  by-past;  but  also  we  sball  still,  in  oar  Ecclesiastical 
•talicKi,  practise  and  preach  up  loyalty  and  obedience  to  his  Majesty's  authority  and  royal  go- 
venmmt  And  ve  cannot  but  be  confident,  that  so  pious,  so  wise,  and  gracions  a  Kii^  will 
still  improve  his  royal  power,  oitrusted  to  him  by  God,  for  the  welfare  of  the  Civil  State,  and 
happy  government  of  the  charch  of  Christ  in  this  his  ancient  kingdom,  as  it  is  expressed  in  his 
M^esty's  gracious  proclamation  to  that  effect ;  and  seeing  we  conceive  ourselves,  and  all  within 
this  nation.  Inhibited  by  his  Majesty  to  meddle  in  matters  betimging  to  chnrch-govemment,  we 
sfaall  only  seriously  pray  for  the  spirit  of  wisdom,  and  right  discerning  to  his  Miyesty,  that  he 
may  carry  as  the  Lord's  vicegerent  set  over  us  for  a  s^nal  mercy,  aAer  our  long  bondage  under 
much  misery.  We  will  not  presume  lo  give  your  Grace,  who  is  taken  op  with  the  weighty  af- 
fairs of  the  public,  any  farther  trouble,  but  to  present  onr  humble  submission  to  his  Majesty's 
gracioaa  proclamation,  and  humbly  beseeches  you,  in  the  name  of  our  Lord  and  Master  Jesus 
Christ,  that  your  Grace  will  improve  the  power  and  favour  wherewith  God  has  blessed  yoa  in 
the  Bight  of  the  King,  for  the  good  of  his  church  in  this  nation.    And  we  subacribe  ouraetvee. 


No.  L. — 7%e  Bi»kop$'  A'ddrem  to  Kinff  Jatne$  the  Seventh,* 
November  3,  1688. 

Mat  it  [dease  your  sacred  M^esty, — we  prostrate  ou^ves  to  pay  our  most  devout  tbanlu  and 
adoration  to  the  Sovereign  Mtyesty  of  heaven  and  earth,  for  preserving  your  sacred  lite  and  pw- 
Bon,  Bo  frequently  exposed  to  the  greatest  hazards,  and  as  often  delivered,  and  yoa  miraculoudy 
prospered  with  glgiy  and  victory,  in  defence  of  the  rights  and  honour  of  your  M^esly's  august 
brother,  and  of  these  kingdoms  ;  and  that,  by  His  merciful  goodness,  the  raging  of  the  sea,  and  the 
imi^*»*«  of  unreasonable  men,  have  been  stilled  and  calmed,  and  your  Maje^,  as  the  darling  of 
Hearen,  peaceaUy  settled  on  the  throne  of  your  royal  ancestors,  whose  long,  illustrious,  and  00- 


*  This  wat  signed  by  all  our  fiiabi^a,  except  Mum  of  Argyle,  and  Wood  of  CaUhnca*. 


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'     APPENDIX.  405 

panll«l«d  line,  ia  tite  giefttest  g^oiy  otthia  joor  aneient  Icing^dom.  We  pay  our  most  hnmUe 
.gndtade  to  your  Mttjeaty,  for  A«  lepewted  BasnrBDcas  of  your  roTnl  protection  to  our  natioaal  * 
clinrch  and  reli^on,  as  the  laws  have  esIaUisbed  them.  We  magnify  the  Divine  mercy  in  Mess- 
ing yoar  Majesty  with  a  son,  and  us  with  a  Prince,  whom,  we  pray  Heaven  may  bless  and  pre- 
aerve,  to  sway  yoar  Royal  sceptre  after  you ;  and  (hat  he  may  inherit,  with  your  dominions,  tha 
illnstrious  and  hertMc  virtues  of  his  august,  and  most  serene  parents.  We  are  amazed  to  hear 
of  the  danger  of  an  invasion  from  Holland,  which  excites  our  prayers  for  an  oniveisal  repentance 
from  all  orders  of  men,  Qmi  God  may  yet  spare  his  people,  preserve  ycmr  Royal  person,  and  pie- 
rent  the  effusion  of  Chriatiaa  Mood,  and  to  give  su^  success  to  your  Miyesty^  arms,  that  all 
who  invade  your  Majesty's  just  and  ondoobted  rights,  may  be  disappointed,  and  clothed  with 
shame,  and  on  your  Royal  head  the  Crown  may  still  flourish.  We  shall  preserve  in  ouiadvea, 
and  promote  in  your  subjects,  an  unshaken  loyalty, — not  doubtii^  but  God  viU  givfe  you  the 
hearts  of  yoar  subjocts,  and  the  n«eks  of  your  enemies. 

No.  LI. 

Thi  General  Assembly,  in  1773,  npcm  the  petition  of  some  minislera  in  the  Presbyteries  of  lo- 
imness  and  Forrea,  did  diBJ<»a  the  parishes  of  Nairn,  Aldem,  and  Arddach,  from  the  Presbyte- 
ry ofForres;  the  parishes  ofCalder  and  Croy,  from  Inverness;  and  the  parish  of  Ardeneir  from 
Chanonry  Presbytery ;  and  erected  these  six  parishes  into  a  Presbytery  called  the  PresbyteiT  of 
Nairn.    This  adds  a  seventh  Presbytery  to  the  diocese  of  Moray. 

No.  LII.— Oa^A  of  Tru»t 

EvBKT  Freeholder  who  At3\  claim  to  vote  at  an  election,  or  in  adjusting  Oe  Rdk  of  Predtdd- 
en,  instead  of  the  Oath  appcHnted  by  ISth  Anne,  shall,  upon  request  of  any  Freeholder,  former- 
ly enrcdled,  take  and  subscribe  the  Oath  following, — viz. 

"  t,  A.  B.,  in  the  {wesence  of  God,  dedare  anri  swear,  that  the  lands  and  estate  of 
for  which  I  daim  a  right  to  vote  in  the  election  of  a  member  to  serve  in  Parliament  for  tUe 
county  (or  Stewarty)  is  actually  in  my  possession,  and  do  really  and  tmly  belong  to  me,  and  U 
Miy  own  proper  estate,  and  is  not  c(»tveyed  to  me  in  trust,  or  for,  or  on  behalf  of,  any  other  per. 
Km  whatsoever ;  and  that  neither  I,  nor  vaj  person  to  my  knowledge,  in  my  name,  or  on  my 
account  or  by  my  allowance,  hath  given,  or  intends  to  give,  any  promise,  obligation,  bond,  bscfc- 
bond,  or  other  security  whatsoever,  other  than  appeals  from  the  tenor  and  contents  of  the  title 
upon  which  I  now  claim  a  right  to  vote,  directly  or  indirectly,  for  re-disponing,  or  re-conveying, 
the  s^d  lands  and  estate  in  any  manner  of  way  whatsoever,  or  for  mdung  the  rents  or  profits 
thereof  forthcoming  to  the  use  or  benefit  of  the  person  from  whom  I  have  acquired  the  said 
estate,  or  any  other  person  whatsoever ;  and  that  my  title  to  the  said  lands  and  estate  is  not 
nominal  or  ficdtious,  created  or  reserved  in  me,  in  order  to  enable  me  to  vote  for  a  member  to 
serve  in  Pai^ament,  but  (hat  the  same  is  a  tree  and  real  estate  in  me  for  my  own  use  and  benefit, 
•ad  for  the  use  of  no  otJber  peiSMi  whatsoever.    And  that  is  tb»  truth,  oa  I  shall  answer  lo  Qo(L** 


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ADDITIONAL  APPENDIX. 


No.  LIII. — Trust-Dieposition  and  Deed  of  Settlement  of 
Major-General  Andrero  Anderson. 

I,  Major-Gcnend  Andrew  Anderson,  of  the  Honourable  the  East  India  C<uapany'a  Serried  do 
hereby  foe  certain  good  causes  and  considerations,  me  her^into  moring,  give,  grant,  assign,  and 
dispone,  to  Colonel  Robert  Gordon  or  the  Honoarable  the  East  India  Conqnny's  Service,  at  pre- 
sent residing  in  London ;  George Fentou,  Esq.,  Sheriff-SubstituteoftbeCountyof  Elgin;  Mt^or 
Robert  DaS  of  the  Honourable  the  East  India  Company's  Service,  residing  in  Elgin ;  Alexander 
Brander,  Esq-,  of  Springfield,  residing  in  Elgin;  Doctor  James  Stephen,  Physiuan  in  Elg^ ; 
and  James  Thomson,  Writer  in  Elgin ;  and  to  the  surriTors  or  sarriTor  of  them,  ra  of  anch  of 
them  as  shaU  accept  hereof,  and  theii  assignees,  or  the  asdgneea  of  the  said  accepting  somTorB 
or  nnrviTor ;  and  to  snch  other  person  or  persons  as  those  above  named,  or  the  majority  of  the 
surrivors,  or  the  last  eorriTor  of  them,  shall,  by  a  writing  nnder  their  or  his  hand,  aasome  as 
Tnulee  oi  Trustees,  along  with  oi  to  socceed  them  in  the  Trust  hereby  created,  and  which  tbey 
or  he  are  OF  is  hereby  authorized  to  do  from  time  to  time ;  and  to  the  heirs  of  the  last  survivor 
(^  the  Trustees  above  named,  or  to  be  assumed  in  virtue  of  the  said  powers,  and  to  the  assignees 
of  the  said  Trustees  or  Trustee.  But  in  trust  always  for  the  uses,  ends,  and  purposes  herein 
afterjnentioned,  all  and  sundry  lands,  tenements,  houses,  annaal  rents,  and  other  heritages,  at 
present  belonging,  or  which  shall  happ^i  to  belong  to  me  Bit  the  time  of  my  death,  wh^csoever 
situated,  with  the  rents,  issues,  profits,  and  duties  thereof,  and  whde  writs,  title-deeds,  and  se- 
curities of  the  same,  and  all  acdon  and  execnlioikthat  may  have  followed,  or  shall  be  competoit 
to  follow  thereupon.  As  also,  all  and  sundry  debts,  heritable  and  moveable,  and  sums  of  numey, 
and  all  gold  and  silver,  c<Hned  and  uncoined ;  household  furniture,  platfe,  lineiu,  and  books^ 
bank-notes,  shares  of  stock  in  any  of  the  pnblicfundsof.GreatBritiun  or  Ireland,  or  of  any  bank 
or  *'anVi^  company,  or  any  other  company  whether  more  pnblic  or  private ;  and,  in  general,  all 
goods,  chattels,  and  effects,  of  whatsoever  nature  or  denomination,  and  wheresoever  ritnated, 
(heirship  moveables  included),  now  due  or  belonging,  or  which  shall  happen  to  pertain  or  be- 
l<mg,  or  to  be  due  and  owing  to  me  at  the  time  of  my  decease,  in  any  manner  of  way,  blether 
with  ail  bonds,  obligations,  bills,  promissory-notes,  decrees,  contracts,  agreements,  and  other 
grounds  and  instructions  of  debt,  to  which  I  shall  any  wise  have  right  at  that  period, — dispensing 
with  the  generality  of  these  presents,  and  declaring  the  same  to  be  as  valid  and  effectual  a  oon- 
veyance  of  the  whole  premises  to  the  said  Trustees,  asif  every  particular  of  my  heritable,  or  real, 
and  personal,  or  moveable  estate,  had  been  herdn  enumerated,  and  specialty  conv^ed, — surro- 
gating and  substituting  the  sud  Trustees  and  their  aforestud  in  my  place,  and  full  right  (^  tha 
tame.    And  for  rendering  these  presents  the  more  effectual,  I  hereby  noipinate  and  appoint  tha 


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ADDITIONAL  APPENDIX.  407 

Trastees  before  tumecl,  and  the  sarrivofs  or  mmror  of  auch  of  them  u  dtoll  acc^  henof,  Ur 
be  my  sole  execnton,  onirenal  legotorieB,  and  only  inuomittors  with  my  goods  snd  efiects,  and 
Ae  debts  dne  me,  exclusive  of  my  nearest  of  kin  and  of  all  other  persons.  But  in  trust  always 
for  the  uses  and  purposes  herein  aftfir.«xpressed,  providing  alvaya  as  it  is  hereby  expressly  pro- 
Tided  and  declared,  that  these  presents  are  made  and  granted  by  me,  and  to  be  accepted  of  by 
the  said  Trustees,  with  the  powers  for  the  uses,  ends,  and  purposes,  and  under  the  bnnleiis,  oob- 
ditirais,  provisions,  dedaratioiis,  and  reservation  herein  after-moitiDned,  viz. — ^with  power  to  Uie 
Trustees  above  named,  or  those  to  be  ssaumed  as  aforesaid,  or  such  of  them  as  shall  accept 
hereof,  and  to  thesnrrivoiaor  suirivoiof  the  stud  acceptors,  or  to  any  three  of  them  while  three 
or  more  survive,  whom  I  hereby  declare  to  be  a  quorum,  after  my  decease  to  uplift  and  receive 
the  whole  heritable  and  moveable  debts,  then  dne  and  owing  to  me ;  and  to  intromit  with  and 
take  poestedon  of  the  whole  moveable  estate,  and  effects  before  conveyed,  to  grant  receipts,  dis. 
charges,  renunciations,  or  conveyances  of  the  said  debts ;  and  use  and  dispose  of  the  said  move- 
able estate  and  effects ;  and,  in  general,  to  do  every  thing  in  relation  thereunto,  which  I  might 
have  d<xie  in  my  own  life-time.  As  also  to  establish  in  their  perstms,  legal  titles  to  my  several 
lands  snd  heritages,  generally  before  conveyed  ;  and  to  sell  and  dispose  thereof,  or  any  part  or 
ports  of  the  same,  either  by  public  auction  or  private  sole,  as  to  them  shall  seem  most  expedimt, 
to  uplift  and  receive  the  rents  and  duties  thereof  while  unsold,  and  the  prices  anc>  proceeds 
thereof  when  sold ;  and  to  grant  conveyances  to  all  other  writs  necessary  in  favour  of  the  par- 
chasers,  one  or  more  binding  my  heirs  in  absolute  warrandice  of  the  subjects  stdd, — hereby  de- 
daring  that  the  purchasers  of  my  said  lands  and  heritages,  or  of  any  part  or  parts  thereof,  shall 
have  no  ccmcem  with  the  application  of  the  prices  of  th^r  respective  purchases.  But  that  a  re- 
ceipt and  acquittance  for  the  same  by  the  Tnistess,  or  their  quorum  aforesaid,  shall  be  to  the 
said  purchsseis,  and  all  others  concerned,  a  full  and  sufficient  exoneration  :  With  power  also 
to  the  said  Trustees,  or  the  quorum  aforesaid,  to  appoint  factors  or  cashiers  under  them  from  time 
to  time,  for  receiving  and  discharging  the  rents  and  duties  of  my  said  lands  and  heritages,  the 
prices  of  them  when  sold,  and  the  debts  due  to  me.  And  to  allow  reasonable  salaries  to  snch 
factors  or  cashiers  in  general,  with  power  to  the  said  Trustees,  or  the  quorum  aforesaid,  to  do  all 
and  every  thing  requisite  and  necessary  for  the  execudon  of  the  trust  hereby  granted.  But  pro- 
viding always,  as  it  is  hereby  expressly  provided  and  declared,  that  the  said  Trustees  shall  be 
bolden  and  obliged  to  account  for  and  apply  their  whole  intromissions,  with  the  trust  subjects 
hereby  conveyed,  and  the  rents,  issues,  and  profits,  arising  from  the  same  in  manner  following, 
viz. — ^In  the  first  place,  for  defraying  the  expences  of  completing  their  own  titles  to  the  said  eub- 
jectE ;  and  of  executing  this  present  trust,  as  the  same  shall  be  ascertained  by  an  accoont  nnder 
their  bonds,  or  their  account- books,  without  any  other  vouchers.  Secondly,  for  payment  of  all 
the  jost  uid  lawful  debts  that  shall  be  due  and  owing  by  me,  at  the  timeof  my  death,  incduding 
my  ftmeral  expences.  Thirdly,  for  payment  of  a  legacy  of  £fiOO  sterling  money,  which  I  hereby 
legate  and  bequeath  to  Archibald  Andrew  Anderson  Lawriston,  son  of  Lieutenant-Colonel  Alex. 
ander  Lawriston/  of  the  East  India  Company's  Service,  residing  in  Edinbu^h  ;  and  that  at  the 
fifst  term  of  Whitsunday  or  Martinmss,  that  shall  happen  six  months  after  my  decease, — with 
the  lawAil  interest  thereof  thereafter  daring  the  not-payment  Fourthly,  for  payment  of  the 
Mvenl  annnitiex  after-menti<Mied,  which  I  hereby  a|ipoint  to  be  paid  (o  tfae  respective  annuitants 

6  c 


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4m  ADDITIONAL   APPENDIX. 

after  deaoribed.  rlz.i— to  MraJcuiMiuiroi  residing  mtClulyram  in  the  CooBt;  of  BuiC  in  Nofft 
BritaiB,  tfae  Bom  of  £100;  to  Miss  Jean  Gilzeui,  residing  in  Elgin,  the  sum  of  £200^  widio 
Hiss  Mm7  Anne  Hunter,  residii^  in  Elgin,  the  like  snm  of  £200,  aJl  stetiing  mcn^.  jeaily ; 
and  tkeee  mt  two  tenns  in  the  year,  Whitsunday  .and  Martinmas,  by  «qnal  halvea,  beginning  the 
fiist  term's  payment  thereof,  at  the  first  of  the  said  two  terms  that  shall  happen  next  aft&  my 
decease,  and  so  forth  to  coatinoe  and  be  paid  to  the  annuitants  half-yearly  thereafter,  daring 
their  re^MotlTe  lives,  with  the  lawful  interest  thereof,  from  and  after  the  said  temu  of  p^men^ 
dnriitg;  the  not-payment,  and  with  regard  to  the  rest,  residue,  and  remainder  of  my  whole,  i«al, 
and  pers<aial  or  heritable,  and  moveable  estate,  and  tfae  v^ae  and  proceeds  thereof  when  coa- 
verted  into  money,  including,  as  a  part  thereof,  any  sum  or  sums  of  money  so  to  be  secnred,  and 
set  apart  by  my  said  Trustees,  for  answering  and  paying  the  several  life-aanuittes  abon^nteotion- 
ed,  sAer  such  annuities  shall  cease,  determine,  and  be  no  longer  payable.  I  hereby  Will,  direct, 
and  appoint,  such  residue  and  remainder,  to  be  paid  over  by  my  said  Tnistees,  or  the  qu<Hum 
aforewid,  in  manner  following :  To  the  Sheriff-Depute  of  tbe  Coanty  of  Elgin,  the  Sheriff.Snb- 
Btitate  of  the  said  County,  and  Provost,  or  chief  Magistnite  of  the  Burgh  of  Elgin, — the  two 
Established  Ministers-of  the  Town  and  Parish  of  Elgin ;  and  the  Moderator  of  tbe  Presbytery 
of  Elgin,  all  for  the  time  being,  and  their  successors  in  their  respective  oiGoes.  And  that  in  tms^ 
Jbr  Ike  tutt  jmd  purpoui  of /oundiatg  and  end«aHng  an  Hotpilmi,  a  School  of  Imdiutry,  ttnd  Fng 
S^oot,  vnthin  the  Totmt  of  Elgin,  m  North  Brilain,  or  in  iUivwudiait  vicinity.  In  tbe  first  placiv 
<M  Hotpitai  for  the  tupporl  and  wuattimia»ce  of  indigent  Men  attd  Women,  not  mnder  Pifiy-fiet 
yrorr  of  age  :  Secondly,  a  Sdiool  of  Industry  for  the  tttpporl,  wtniiUenianee,  dolhing,  ami  edited 
tian  of  Male  and  Female  Children  of  the  labouring  eUut  of  eocietf,  whoie  pmrtnU  are  unable  la 
maintain  and  educate  them ;  amdfor  placing  or  pntting  out  the  laid  chitdr^t,  when  fit  to  be  to,  at 
Apprentice!  to  fOtw  trade  or  occupation,  or  employing  them  in  eudt  a  mamner,  a*  amy  maUe  thtrn 
ic  earn  a  livelihood  by  their  lawful  industry,  and  make  them  uuful  memberiof  toeiety  ;  and.  Thirdly. 
am  Eetabliehmenl  of  a  Master  aiid  Mistress,  properly  qualified  to  conduct  a  J>m  School,  for  tha 
education  oidy  of  such  Male  and  Female  Children,  urhoee  parents  may  be  in  narrow  eireumstmnees, 
but  still  able  la  maintain  fnd  clothe  their  children.  The  numberof  which  persons  to  be  admitted 
into  the  said  Hospital,  or  first-mentiMied  School,  or  to  the  benefit  of  the  said  Free  School,  shall 
at  all  liotes  be  regulated,  and  determined  by  the  said  last-mentioned  Trustees,  whom  I  hereby 
appoint  pNpetual  Governors  and  Managers  thereof;  and  as  the  fimda  unjiffr  thAirailniiiii«4 ration 
shall  appear  to  them  to  be  sufficient  and  proper.  And  which  Hospital  and  Schools,  ofterfomid- 
Jng  and  building  the  same,  shall,  in  all  time  coming,  be  described,  and  colled  by  the  name  of 
"  Tbe  EuiiN  InsTrrunOK,  for  the  sum-oet  of  am  aoi  and  emtcation  or  toitth."  And  I  here 
recommend  to,  and  appoint  the  said  Governors  and  Managera  of  the  said  Ho^tal  and  Schocds, 
to  hwe  the  same  finished,  and  fit  for  tbe  reception  of  the  respective  persons  for  whose  benefit 
th^  ore  intended,  within  four  yeaiB  after  my  decease,  or  after  tbe  subjects  of  this  picaenttmat 
are  accounted  for,  and  paid  over  to  them  by  my  Trustees  first  before-named.  And  I  hsmby 
grant  full  power  and  Uberty  to  the  said  Governors  and  Managers,  to  obtain,  and  fix  upon  dw 
plan  of  the  building  for  the  purposes  before-mentioned  ;  and  to  enter  into  ccmtracta,  one  or  more, 
for  building  tbe  same,  and  defraying  the  expeoce  tbewof,  out  of  the  funds  of  tbeir  adnaaistis. 
4ion, — trusting  that  the  nid  building  shall  be  auffidendly  large  and  o 


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ADDITIONAL  APPENDIX.  400 

•iRKted.aa  to  liare  three  dbtinct  and  sepanUe  divisioiiB ;  oneforthencconimodationof  thea^ 
penrou  In  be  received  loto  tbe  aaM  Hospital ;  a  saoond  for  the  said  School  of  Indostry ;  and  a 
lUrd  for  tbe  said  Free  School :  And  I  likewise  grant  power  and  authority  to  the  said  Goventora 
and  Managers,  to  appoint  Masters,  Mistresses,  Houee-lceepers,  a  Treasurer,  Sui^eon,  Clerk,  and 
tipother  offices,  and  surants,  necessary  for  the  good  government  and  management  of  the  said 
Inatitmion,  with  soch  ealaries  or  wages  as  they  shall  judge  proper,— with  power  also  to  them,  to 
compose  and  settle  soch  rules  and  statutes  for  the  said  Hospital  and  Schools,  as  they  shall  think 
proper ;  and  to  vary  and  alter  tbe  same  from  time  to  time,  as  to  them  shall  seem  expedient 
Bnt  I  particularly  recommend  to,.aod  enjoin  them  to  observe  these  Regulations  following,  viz. — 
In  th«  fiiflt  plaiCe,  that  poor  perscms.  Men  and  Women,  belon^g  to  the  said  Bnrgh  of  E^in,  not 
under  fifty-five  years  of  age,  be  preferred,  and  admitted  to  the  benefit  of  the  said  Hospital ;  and 
fiuHng  them,  or  of  applications  on  their  behalf,  then  persons  of  the  said  age,  belonging  to  any 
other  part  of  the  Parish  of  Elgin  ;  and  falling  them  also,  and  of  applications  on  their  h^alf,  then 
persons  of  the  said  age,  belonging  to  any  other  part  of  the  County  of  Elgin.  Secondly,  that 
none  ba  admitted  into  the  stud  Hospital,  who  have  any  allowance  from  any  other  charitable  In- 
StitatioB,  nor  shall  any  penuon  or  other  allowance  be  given  to  any  person  nijt  received  into,  and 
living.  wlthiB,  the  said  Hospital.  Iliirdly,  th^  the  said  Governors  and  Managers,'as  they  wish 
this  Institution  to  prosper,  shall  not  receive  into  the  said  Hospital  any  Men  or  Women,  but  such 
■a  are  decent,  godly,  and  of  a  respectable  character.  Fourthly,  with  respect  to  the  ChUdren  to 
be  admitted  into  the  said  School  of  Industry,  or  to  have  the  benefit  of  the  said  Free  School ;  I 
direct  and  ^point,  that  Children  from  any  part  of  the  County  of  Elgin  be  preferred  to  all  others, 
•ad  Ibat  none  of  the  Children  bo  admitted,  or  to  have  such  benefit,  shall  be  under  six  years  of 
age  at  their  entry,  nor  exceed  twelve  years  of  age,  when  tbey  are  to  cease  to  enjoy  these  advan. 
tagea.  And,  ftfthly,  I  recommend,  that,  in  carryii^  on  the  Education  oflhese  Children,  the  said 
Goremoraand  Manners,  do  strictly  enjoin  the  Masters  and  Misfresses,  to  conform  as  far  as  cir- 
cumstances will  admit,  to  the  Madras  System  of  Education,  detailed  in  the  Rev.  Doctor  Bell's 
Instructions  for  conducting  a  School  on  that  plan  ;  and  I  hereby  wiU  and  direct,  that  the  major 
part  of  the  Governors  and  Mwagers  above  appointed,  existing  at  the  time,  shall  be  a  quorum  ; 
and  that  all  their  acts  and  deeds  in  die  execution  of  the  trust  hereby  granted,  shall  be  as  valid 
and  etTectual,  aa  if  the  whole  concurred  therein,  provided  always,  that  the  whole  be  regulariy 
summoned  to  attend  their  meetings ;  and  in  case  all,  or  any  three  of  tbe  GoTemors  and  Manag- 
ers above  appointed  shall  decline,  or  refuse  to  accept  of,  and  execute  the  trust  hereby  committed 
to  them  ;  then  I  grant  full  power  and  authority  to  my  six  Trustees  first  above-named,  and  the 
«nrTivoiB  or  survivor  of  Uiem,  or  to  any  others  to  i>e  assumed,  and  named  by  them,  or  the  said 
MBvivors  or  aarrivor,  to  pay  o*er  tbe  proceeds  of  ray  said  trust-estate,  to  any  other  fixed  and 
permanent  public  body  of  men,  whom  they  sh^l  think  fit  to  be  Governors  and  Managers  of  the 
afoiwaki  Institation ;  but  in  trust  always  for  the  uses  and  purposes  herein  before  expressed,  and 
wM  the  same  powers  and  privileges,  as  if  they  had  been  the  Governors  and  Managers  first  ap. 
prrinted.  And  it  is  hereby  expressly  provided  and  declared,  that  neither  die  said  Trustees,  nor 
Ae  said  Odvemois  and  Managers,  shall  any  wise  be  liable  for  any  omisaitms  or  even  n^ligence 
1b  the  exeoaSon  of  the  trust  hereby  granted,  nor  for  the  omissions,  ne^tcta,  or  solveney  of  4hefr 
Bwtonweashien'rDorfor  the  solvency  of  any  person  or  persrais,  to  whom  allot  any- part  «f  the 


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470  ADDITIONAL   APPENDIX. 

jineeeAa  of  my  tnist-estat^riiall  happen  to  be  lent  oat  or  entrusted;,  but  diM  in  all  their  ti 
titma  shall  only  be  bound  to  act  tanquam  boni  viri,  and  be  accountable  no  farther  than  for  their 
actual  and  pereonal  intromiasioDs,  with  the  subjectB  of  their  administration  ;  and  that  even  as  to 
Wich  intromissions,  they  shall  nowise  be  liable  iinguU  in  tolidvm,  or  for  one  another,  bat  each  of 
them  only  (or  himself,  under  which  conditions,  provisions,  and  declarationB,  and  the  roTOcat]||^ 
under- written,  ihese  presents  are  granted  by  me,  and  to  be  accepted  of  by  tfae  aoid  Tnutea,  and 
no  otherwise ;  reserving  always  to  myself,  not  only  the  fall  use  and  eqjojment  of  the  whc^  sub- 
jects, real  and  personal,  or  heritable  and  moveable,  before  conveyed,  during  all  the  days  of  my 
life  ;  but  also  foil  power  and  Lberty  at  any  time  thereof,  even  on  death-bed,  to  sell  and  dispoae 
of  the  said  subjects,  or  any  part  or  porta  thereof;  and  likewise  to  cancel,  revoke,  or  alter  theae 
presents  at  pleasure ;  or  to  affect  and  burden  the  same,  with  such  other  legacies,  gifts,  and  jm>- 
vistons,  as  I  shall  think  fit,  by  any  writing  subscribed  by  me  for  that  purpose.  But  in  so  far  as 
I  shall  not  exercise  these  reserved  powers  and  faculties ;  I  hereby  declare  that  these  presents 
shall  be  good  and  effectual,  although  found  in  my  repositories,  or  in  the  custody  of  any  otbei 
person  at  the  time  of  my  death,  undelivered,  and  dispense  with  delivery  of  the  same,  any  law  or 
practice  to  the  contrary  notwithstanding.  Lastly,  I  hereby  revoke,  and  annul  all  deeds  of  settle- 
menl  or  wills,  executed  by  me  at  any  time  heretofore,  of  whatsoever  date  or  date^  t^ior  or  con- 
tents, the  some  may  be ;  and  I  c<»i8ent  to  the  r^^tration  hereof,  in  the  books  of  Coondl  and 
Session  in  Scotland,  or  any  other  competent  record,  therein  to  remain  for  preservation ;  and  tW 
all  legal  execution  necessary  may  pass,  and  be  directed  against  my  heirs  at  law,  and  legal  repre- 
sentatives, upon  a  decree  to  be  interponed  thereto  in  proper  form,  and  for  that  effect  constkute 

My  Procurators: — ^In  witness  whereof,  I  have  subscribed  these  presents, — ctmsisting  of  this 
and  the  six  pi«cediQg  pages,  written  on  paper  duly  stamped,  conform  to  law,  by  William  Steph- 
enson, Clerk  to  Alexander  Duncan,  Writer  to  the  Signet,  at  London,  the  S3d  day  of  November, 
in  the  year  IB16,  before  these  witnesses;  LieutenanuGeneralJohn  Wiseman,  LieutenanuGeneral 
Thomas  Marshall,  and  Major-General  Malcolm  Grant,  all  in  the  service  of  the  Honourable  Eat 
India  Company,  on  the  Bombay  EstablishmenL 

ANDREW  ANDERSON,  S.  S. 
J.  WISEMAN,  fHAMM.        T.  MARSHALL,  WiiMit.        M.  GRANT,  WUmt*. 

No.  LIV. — Will. and  Codicil  of  Dr.  Alexander  Gray  of  India. 

Ik  the  name  of  God,  amen.  I,  Alexander  Gray,  Sargecm  on  the  Bengal  EstabUsbmort,  tidi^  in 
a  sound  state  of  mind  and  body,  do  hereby  make  my  last  will  and  testament,  revokii^  ^  others 
of  a  former  date.  I  nominate,  constitute,  and  appoint  Edward  Gale  Boldero,  Esq.  Banker  in  Lao- 
don,  Commodore  James  Satherland,  late  of  Bombay,  William  Fairiie,  Esq.,  Captain  Henry  Im- 
lach,  and  Dr  William  Hunter  of  Calcutta,  to  be  my  lawful  executon.  I  bequeath  my  fortune  at 
follows :  I  bequeath  the  sum  of  £30,000  sterling  for  the  establishment  of  an  Hospital  in  the  town 
^f  F-lgin,  for  the  benefit  of  the  sick  of  the  poor  of  that  town,  and  the  county  of  Mony.  I  direct 
that  the  said  sum  of  £20,000  sterling  be  placed  in  the  British  Funds,  or  in  tfae  East  India  Coin, 
jiany's  dght  per  cent  paper,  under  the  directioit  of  a  Committee  of  Gentlemen,  namdy,  John 
Biaader,  Esq.  of  Pitgavenj,  Sir  Archibald  Dunbar  of  DnSai,  the  Member  of  Par' 


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ADDITIONAL   APPENDIX.  471 

Sheriff  of  the  County  of  Moray  for  the  time  being,  Dr  Thomas  Stephen,  and  the  two  Clergymen  of 
the  town  of  Elgin  for  the  time  bein^, — together  with  my  aforesaid  execators.  On  establiBhing  the 
Hospital,  the  committee  are  to  consider  the  number  of  Patients  that  can  at  first  be  admitted  on 
the  foundaticm  and  the  augmentation  that  may  be  expected  from  the  liberal  donations  of  indi. 
Tidnals,  and  finally  to  lake  the  most  effectual  measures  to  secure  the  funds  thus  appropriated, 
either  by  purchasing  improveable  landed  property,  or  retuning  them  in  the  aforesaid  securities, 
that  the  annual  interest  may  be  used  for  the  benefit  of  the  aick.  I  constitute  my  worthy  friend, 
Dr  Thomas  Stephen  of  Elgin,  Governor  and  Physician  of  the  Hospital.  In  the  eyent  of  his 
death,  the  Committee  will  select  one  of  their  own  body,  or  more,  if  deemed  expedient,  to  be  Di- 
rectors, or  other  persons  they  may  deem  worthy  of  such  an  important  sacred  trust  ■  I  do  further 
■nvest  the  Provost  and  Town-Council  of  Elgin,  who  ought  to  hare  the  interest  of  such  an  Insti- 
tution much  at  heart,  with  a  power  to  inspect  the  Hospital,  and  state  to  the  Managers  or  Direc- 
tors of  it  such  abases  as  they  may  observe,  and  if  tbey  deem  it  expedient  to  the  Committee  at 
large.  I  do  also  invest  the  said  Provost  and  Town-Council  of  Elgin,  with  a  power  to  see  that 
the  above  sum  of  £20,000  sterling,  and  other  sums  I  may  appropriate  to  the  said  Hospitril,  and 
for  other  purposes  in  the  town  of  Elgin,  be  secured  and  laid  out  by  the  Committee  as  above,  and 
hereafter  directed,  in  order  to  prevent  abuses  incident  to  euch  Institutions.  I  direct  that  no  per- 
son who  has  any  charge  or  control  on  the  Institution,  be  employed,  either  direcdy  or  indirectly, 
on  supplies  for  the  sick,  that  no  expence  be  incurred,  under  pretence  of  meeting  to  consult  for 
the  benefit  of  the  Hospital, — in  the  worst  of  times  men  will  be  found  who  will  act  disinterestedly 
in  such  a  business  of  humanity,  As  the  Hospital  ought  to  be  near  a  river,  I  request  that  appli- 
cation be  made  to  the  Iltmoarable  George  Duff,  to  sell  on  reasonable  terms,  as  the  funds  can 
afford,  the  house  and  garden  now  inhabited  by  him,  near  the  Pans'  Port,  formerly  the  proper^ 
of  my  family,  being  an  eligible  spot  for  an  Hospital.  Hem — I  bequeath  the  annual  interest  of 
£6,000  sterling  to  my  sister,  Mrs  Williamson,  during  her  life;  and  direct  that  my  executors, 
with  the  aforesaid  Committee,  will  place  the  said  principal  of  £6,000  sterling,  in  the  British 
Funds,  for  that  purpose.  Itfm — ^I  bequeath  the  sum  of  £400  sterling  to  each  of  my  sister's 
children  that  may  be  alive  and  unprovided  for  by  marriage  at  the  time  of  her  death,  which  lega- 
ciea  are  to  be  paid  out  of  the  principal  sum  of  £6,000  sterling,  appropriated  for  my  said  sister's 
annuity.  Hem — ^I  bequeath  the  residue  of  the  aforesaid  £6,000  sterling  for  the  use  of  the  Hospi. 
tal ;  and  direct  that  roy  executors,  with  the  Committee,  invest  it  on  the  same  securities,  with  the- 
above  aforesud  £20,000  sterling.  Item— I  bequeath  to  my  cousin,  Mrs  Cruickshanfcs  of  Lon- 
don, the  sum  of  £300  sterling.  Item — I  bequeath  to  Clementina  Hunter,  and  Alicia  Hunter, 
the  sum  of  £200  sterling  to  each  of  them ;  and  direct  that  the  said  legacies  to  the  Miss  Hunters 
be  placed  in  trust  in  the  hands  of  my  friend,  Dr  William  Hunter,  for  their  use.  Item — ^I  be- 
queath the  annual  interest  of  £3,000  sterling,  for  the  use  of  the  repuied  Old  Maids  in  the  town, 
of  Elgin,  the  daughters  of  respectable,  but  decayed,  families;  and  request  that  my  executors, 
with  the  Committee,  will  place  the  said  sum  of  L.2,000  sterling  in  the  British  Funds,  and  remit 
the  annual  interest  to  the  Provost  and  Town-Council  of  Elgin,  who,  on  receipt  thereof,  are  to  pay 
the  same  into  the  hands  of  the  two  Clergymen  and  Physicians  of  the  town  of  Elgin,  to  be  dia. 
trihated  by  them  to  the  proper  objects,  as  these  Gentlemen,  from  their  superior  education  and 
domestic  knowledge,  must  be  the  best  of  judges  of  this  charity,  which,  to  be  useful,  ought  not  to 
extend  beyond  eight  or  ten  individaals.     Itm — Having  settled  the  annual  interest  of  L.7,000 

6  D 


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473^  ADDITIONAL   APPENDIX. 

fltetlinj;  od  an  oBTorthy  wife,  I  beqaeatb  the  said  L.7,00U  steriing  as  fbllowa,  aa  soon  as  the  said'- 
C7,000-settlement  mooey  can  be  obtuned  from  tbe  Trustees,  either  on  the  death  of  the  said  un~ 
worthy  wife,  or  by  a  suit  in  equity  during  her  life.  I  I^eqaeoth  L.4,000  sterling,  of  the  aforesaid 
L,7,000,  to  be  appropriated  to  the  building  of  a  New  Church  in  the  town  of  Elgin,  the  said 
L.4,000  sterling  to  be  kept  in  the  hands  of  my  executors  and  the  C<»nmittee  invested  by  them  in 
the  British  Funds,  and  to  be  remitted,  by  instalments,  to  persons  they  may  entrust  on  superin- 
tending the  building  the  said  New  Cfanrcfa,  under  the  inspection  of  the  two  ClergymeD  of  tbe 
town  of  Elgin,  the  interest  of  tbe  aforesaid  L.4,000  sterling  to  be  appropriated  in  the  meantime 
to  the  nse  of  the  Hospital,  and  until  it  shall  be  required  for  building  the  said  new  town  chun^. 
Hem — I  bequeath  the  interest  of  L.  1 ,000  sterling,  of  the  residue  of  the  said  L.7,000,  to  be  ^pro. 
priated  for  tbe  farther  relief  of  the  poor  Old  Maids  of  Elgin.  I  bequeath  the  interest  of  (be  re- 
mainiqg  L.2,000  sterling,  of  the  aforesaid  L.7,000,  to  be  appn^riated  to  the  use  of  my  sifltei'B 
children  during  their  lives ;  and  after  their  death,  the  interest  of  the  said  L.2,000  steriing  to  be 
appropriated  to  the  ase  of  tbe  Hospital,  by  my  executors  and  the  Committee,  who  are  to  invest 
itj  and  the  above  L.I,000  sterling  bequeathed  for  the  use  of  tbe  Old  Midds  in  the  British  Fands, 
CM- similar  securitiea,  with  the  funds  l>equeathed  for  the  use  ef  the  Hospitd.  In  tbe  event  of  the 
said  unworthy  wife  having  the  audacity  to  claim  the  interest  of  the  settlement — and  jusdy  for. 
feited  by  h«r — ^I  request  that  my  executors  will  take  necessary  steps  to  prevent  her  nomiuating 
improper  Trustees,  or  interference ;  and  trust  the  laws  Will  prevent  her  interference  at  all.  How^ 
ever,  should  she  be  reduced  to  distress,  and  become  really  penitent,  I  do  not  wish  to  deprive  her 
of  tbe  means  of  living  retired,  by  getting  one-half  tbe  interest  of  her  settlement.  Itrnt — ^I  b&. 
queath  the  residue  of  my  fortune  to  the  use  of  tbe  said  Hospital,  in  trust,  in  the  bands  of  my 
executors  and  tbe  Committee.  I  have  bequeathed  the  principal  part  of  my  foitone  to  poblic 
asea,  which,  in  time,  may  save  the  life  of  thousands.  I  have  bequeathed  a  liberal  allowance  to  a 
sister,  whose  foolish  marriage  to  a  man,  who  never  had  the  prospect  of  supporting  a  family,  has 
loaded  me  with  that  charge  these  twenty  years  past,  and  thereby  obliged  me  to  remain  in  India 
ten  years  longer  than  I  intended,  has  occasioned  all  my  domestic  misery.  I  have  left  small 
le^dea  to  my  aster's  children,  that  they  may  not  in  their  tnm  become  the  prey  of  unprincipled 
men.  Written  by  me  this  year  of  oar  Lord,  1807,  and  on  the  first  day  of  March,  at  Calcutta,  in 
Bengal,  where  no  stamps  are  used,  signed,  sealed,  published,  and  delivered  before  these  witneaa- 
ea,  A.  Gray,  L.  S.,  J.  Hunt,  Carrapiet  Jacob,  A.  I  do  hereby  engage  myself,  heirs,  and  execut- 
ors, to  pay  the  monthly  allowance  of  20  Sa.  Rs.  per  to  my  faithful  servant,  Catherine  Decnwe, 
dnrii^-  her  life,  and  to  occupy  the  bouse  she  now  lives  in  during  her  life, — in  witness  whereof,  I 
aign  my  name,  and  add  my  seal,  A.  Gray,  L.  S.,  July  18,  1807.  In  faith  and  testimony  of  all 
and  smgnlar  which  promises,  the  said  Court  hath  caused  this  present  letter  testimonial  to  isaoe 
forth,  and  to  be  corroborated  and  confirmed  by  affixing  thereto  the  seal  of  the  said  Sufweme 
Cooit  Given  at  Calcntte,  at  Fort-WiUiam,  in  Bengal,  the  fourth  day  of  August  in  the  year  of 
onr  Lord,  1807. 

No.  LV. — Family  of  Culbtn. 

In  the  north-east  part  of  the  parish  of  Dyke,  extending  westwards  several  miles,  from  the  mouth 


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ADDITIONAL  APPBNDIK.  473 

of  the  river  Fiodhom  alcmg  the  shore  of  the  frith,  lies  the  eztenaiTe,  ami  once-populouR,  iwd  fsr- 
(lle  bftrony  of  Culbin,  now  a  dreary  waste,  by  being  covered  wiUi  vast  heaps  of  sand.  From  time 
iimaemorial  the  sea-coast  of  Moray  has  been  much  covered  with  sand  ;  but  the  period  when  the 
lands  of  Cnlbin  were  overspread  is  comparatively  recent  It  is  Btrange  that  the  time  when  sach  a 
direful  calamity  occurred,  should  not  be  accurately  detennined  by  the  traditions  of  the  peasantry 
in  the  neighbourhood,  especially  as  it  is  not  yet  ISO  years  since  the  commencemmt  of  it 

Id  the  year  1670,  the  barony  of  Culbin  was  unaffected  by  the  desolating  calamity  which  des- 
troyed it,  and  was  possessed  by  one  of  the  most  respectable  family's  in  the  county,  whether  of 
estate,  or  of  ancient  and  honourable  descent.  But  now  scarcely  any  correct  infonnatim)  can  be 
obtained  re^rding  either  the  destrucdon  of  the  estate,  or  the  fate  of  the  family  to  which  it  be- 
longed. This  has  fallen  into  a  mystery,  and  the  few  tradidons  still  in  circulation,  are  so  mixed 
with  the  marvellons  and  improbable  tales  of  the  cause  and  suddeness  of  the  deaolation,  that  little 
credit  can  be  given  to  them.  These  circumstances,  and  the  peculiar  fate  of  the  family,  have  sug- 
gested  the  propriety  of  inserting  the  following  genealogical  notice,  to  rescue  from  oblivion,  the 
few  audientic  traces  which  still  exist  of  a  famUy,  which,  for  a  long  period,  held  a  considerable 
rank  among  the  gentry  of  Moray. 

This  family  was  of  the  ancient  Moravienses,  and  is  descended  from  the  great  Flemish  honse  of 
Fieskyn,  who  by  the  powerful  assistance  it  aAbrded  to  William  the  Lion,  and  his  immediate  suc- 
cessors, acquired  great  possessions  in  the  North  of  Scotland,  from  the  chief^f  which  tbey  assum- 
ed die  local  name  of  Moray,  (Chalmers*  Caledonia,  Vol.  1,  p.  40S.]  Willielmus  de  Moravia  Glini 
Freskyn  hod  a  charter  from  King  William,  anno  1169  of  the  lands  of  Duffus,  &c.  He  had  seve- 
ral sons,  of  whom  Richard,  the  youngest,  was  styled  of  Cnlbin,  (Shaw,  p.  99.)  His  immediate 
successors  were  men  of  distingiiisfaed  valour,  and  in  high  repute  among  their  contemporaries,  for 
the  warlike  virtues.  They  had  all  extensive  possessions  in  the  county  of  Sutherland,  and  in  other 
parts  of  Scotland,  and  were  allied  by  marriage  with  the  powerful  family  of  Sutherland,  (Sir  R. 
Gordon's  Earldom  of  Sutherland,  p.  44.)  The  descent  of  the  family  may  be  traced  from  Egidia 
or  Giles  Moray,  daughter  uid  heiress  of  Walter  de  Moravia  de  Culbin,  who  married  Thomas 
Kinnaird  of  Kinnaird,  about  the  year  1400,  and  whose  successors  took  the  name  of  Kinnaird. 
Of  tbis  marriage  there  were  two  sons, — Allan,  ancestor  of  Kinnaird  of  that  Ilk,  and  Thomas,  an- 
cestor of  the  Kinnaird  of  Culbin.  Allan  succeeded  his  father  Thomas,  and  got  a  charter  of  the 
barony  of  Culbin  in  Perthshire,  May  7,  1440.  He  likewise  got  a  charter  of  the  barony  of  Culbin 
on  the  rengnation  of  his  mother  F^dia.  He  was  succeeded  in  the  estate  of  Culbin  by  hb  broth, 
er,  Thomss,  who  obtained  a  charter  of  confirmallon,  "  Thoms  patri  Aloni  de  Kowbin,  in  1460 
fifom  James  3d,  of  the  lands  of  Kowbin,  Delpoltie,  &c."  He  was  succeeded  by  his  son,  Thomas, 
who  was  succeeded  by  his  son,  Walter  Kinnaird  of  Culbin,  who  was  retoured  heir  to  bis  father, 
Thomas  de  Culbin,  23d  January,  1509.  He  married,  first,  Marjory  Dunbar,  and  got  a  charter  to 
himself  and  her  from  James  4th,  of  the  barony  of  Culbin  and  other  lands,  10th  January  1510. 

He  appears  to  have  married,  secondly,  Margarale  Murray.     He  hod  two  sous,  first ~  wha 

it  is  probable  died  before  his  father,  leaving  a  son,  Walter.  Second,  Patrick.  He  wassucoeeded 
by  his  grandstm,  Walter  Kinnaird  of  Cullnn,  who  granted  the  lands  of  Laick  to  his  uncle,  Patrick, 
in  life-rent,  Sth  January  1670.  He  married  Elizabeth  Innes  of  the  family  of  Innes.  In  1571, 
Patrick  Hepbame,  Bishop  of  Moray,  granted  to  them  jointly,  a  tack  of  the  teind  sheaves  of  their 
estate,  (Chart  Mor.)    Tbey  were  both  living  in  1613,  which  is  ascertained  by  the  inscription  on 


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474  ADDITIONAL   APPENDIX. 

ibat  tomb-Btone,  still  preserved  in  tfae  church  of  Dyke.*  Walter  was  eooceeded  hy  bis  son, 
Alexander  Kinnaird  of  Culbin,  who  was  retonred  heir  to  his  father,  Walter,  41h  April  1626.  in 
the  barooy  of  Culbin,  alias  Tocatis  Middlebyn  Mr  Rodder,  alias  Tocatis  Muirton,  et  Dollachie, 
alias  vocotis  Delpottie  monte  de  Findome,  tenis  de  Ackenbead,  Bocham,  &c.,  cum  molendims 
et  piscationibus  infra  baroniam  de  Cowbin,  (Special  Retoars.)  He  was  succeeded  by  his  son. 
Waller  Kinnaird  of  Culbin, — this  Gentleman  is  frequeoUy  mentioned  in  the  Rolls  and  Acts  of 
Parliament  OnApril  16,  1648,  he  was  appointed  a  Member  of  the  Committee  of  War,  forthe 
defence  of  the  kingdom.  On  March  17,  1661.  be  was  appointed  a  Parliamentary  Commissioner 
for  levying  excise  duties  in  Morayshire ;  and  he  was  named  on  a  like  occasion,  Jan.  23,  1667. 
He  was  succeeded  by  his  son,  Thomas  Kinnaird  of  Culbin,  who  was  retoured  heir  to  his  father. 
Waller,  August  10,  1677,  (Special  Retours.)  He  was  named  a  Commissioner  for  raising  public 
duties  in  Morayshire,  in  1685.  He  was  succeeded  by  his  son,  Alexander  Kinnaird  of  Culbin, 
— this  Gentleman  succeeded  after  the  estate  was  much  destroyed  by  the  blowing-  of  the  suid. 
On  July  17,  1695,  he  petitioned  Parliament  to  be  exempted  from  payment  of  Cess,  because  "  hit 
titaU,  which  ttueaty  yean  before  wcu  one  of  the  tnoit  coiuiderabU  in  Moray,  wa*  rtearlt/  ail  eocered 
with  sand,  and  the  mansiiy-houtg  and  orchard  deilrvyed.  Two  years  ^erwards,  Alexander  applied 
to  Parliament  for  a  personal  protection  from  the  diligence  of  his  creditors,  on  the  groond,  that 
"  three  parts  nf  hit  and  hit  predecetiort  etiate  wot  overrun  with  land,  and  the/ottrth  lold/or  pay. 
tnent  of  his  creditors,  (Acts  of  Parliament,  vol.  10,  folio  edition.)  He  married  Mary,  daughter  of 
Alexander,  tenth  Lord  Forbes,  and  relict  of  Hugh  Rose  of  Kilravock,  by  whom  be  bad  a  boo, 
named  Thomas,  (Parish  Register  of  Dyke),  wfao  was  a  young  child,  and  lefl  an  orphan  at  the 
time  when  the  estate  was  destroyed.  A  female  relation  took  charge  of  him,  removed  with  him 
to  Edinbui^h,  where  she  supported  herself  and  him  for  two  years  by  needle-work,  until  a  half 
brother  of  his.  Colonel  Alexander  Rose,  of  a  rc^;iment  of  Horse  stationed  in  L«land,  took  him 
under  his  care.  The  young  man  himself  alYerwards  became  Captun  of  a  troop  of  Horse,  and 
died  about  ibe  year  1743. 

The  estate  of  Culbin  was  sold  about  the  year  1700,  to  Duff  of  Drummuir;  from  whose  family 
it  rame  by  purchase,  into  the  family  of  GranL  In  1772,  the  late  Sir  James  Grant  s<4d  it  alon^ 
with  Moy,  to  CoL  Hugh  Grant,  a  son  of  Sbenglies,  upon  whose  death  in  1822,  it  fell  by  dispos- 
ition to  James  Murray  Grant  Esq.  of  Glenmoriston. 

No.   LVI. — Indenture  betwixt  Sir  Thonuis  of  Dunbar,  Earl  of 
Moray,  and  Alexander  Cumyne,  May  28,  l-WJS. 

Thu  Indenture  made  at  Fynletter,  the  xxviij  day  of  the  moneth  of  May,  the  yere  of  oure  Lord, 
MCCcc  and  viij  yere,  betvix  a  Noble  Lord  and  a  mychty  Sir  Thomas  of  Dunharre,  Erie  of  Mureff, 
on  the  ta  part,  and  Alexander  Comyne  on  the  tother  part,  beris  witnes,  that  it  ta  occordit  in  form 
and  in  efiect  as  eftir  folwis, — that  is  foe  to  say,  that  the  forsaid  Erll  sal  giff  his  gude  will  to  the 


*  Valter  Khwalrd  Elizabeth  Iniiei  the  buildan  of  thit  bed  of  stane,  ar  L^rd  and  I^die  of  Conbiue, 
qnilk  Ina  and  tbain,  qubane  Braithe,  is  gane  pleii  God  vil  iteip  this  bed  vitfain. 


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ADDITIONAL  APPENDIX.  476 

s  of  hia  Bister,  Engine,  snd  zz  Markisworth  of  land  within  his  lacdis  of  Glenchamy 
Onttakyn  his  chemys,*  and  his  demaynef  in  to  resounable  place  and  cunnablet  to  the  airia 
camand  betwene  the  saidis  Alexander  and  EuSame.  And  the  forsoide  Alexander  Is  oblistto  be 
lele  man  and  trew  for  all  the  days  of  his  live  to  the  forsoid  Erll,  agsyne  dedelyke  outtakand  hia 
all^eance  til  oure  Lord  the  King,  anerly  ;  and  als  it  ia  accordit,  that  fra  the  tyme  of  the  assay 
of  hia  terme  with  Alexander  Stewart,  Erll  of  Marr,  that  is  to  say  v.  yeris  e(Ur  the  makyn^  of  thia 
indenture,  that  he  Balentir  than  into  the  service  of  the  forsaide  Erll;  and  ala  it  is  accordit,  that  qwill 
the  date  that  the  Lord  of  the  Ilys,  hafEs  talc  of  the  Erll  of  MurefTof  Glenchemy,  that  the  forsaide 
Erll  of  Mureff  sal  mak  to  the  forsaide  Alexr  Cumyne,  fra  the  usaay  of  his  terme,  that  he  haffia 
of  the  Erlt  of  Marr  xx  markis  worth  of  land  within  the  Schirreffdome  of  Elgyne  or  Forea;  and 
als  the  forsaide  Alexander  is  obltst  to  serve  the  Erll  of  Mureff  lelily  and  trewly  to  the  ussay  of 
the  Erll  of  Marria  terme,  outtakand  anerly  the  Erll  of  Marris  service,  agayoe  al  uther  as  is  befor 
aiude  ;  and  the  forsaide  Erll  is  oblist  to  mok  him  resonable  reward  eflir  his  service,  as  hia  coDsale 
ord^iys  unaaspecL  In  the  witnes  of  thir  tbyn^  but  fraude  or  gile  lelily  to  be  kepit  oar  selys 
ar  euterchangably  to  putt  the  day,  the  yere,  the  place,  befoir  said.§ 

No.  LVII. — Indentour  of  Frmndahip  betwixt  Thomas  Cuming  of 
Ahir,  and  William,  the  Haye  of  Lochloy,  July  25,  1476. 

^is  endenture,  maid  at  Edinbui^h  the  twenty  fife  daye  of  the  moneth  of  July,  (he  yfaere  of 
God,  ane  thousand  foure  hnndreth,  sevintj  and  sex  years,  proportis  cootenis  and  beris  witnes  in 
the  self,  that  it  is  appointit  and  fullely  accordit,  betuix  honorable  men,  Thomas  Cumyn^  of  AJlir 
and  Williame  the  Hsye  of  Lochloy,  hecaus  of  certane  debatis  and  controversiis,  that  haif  bene 
betuix  thame  and  thair  freindis  in  tymes  bigune,  and  for  frendschip  favoris  and  kindnes  to  be  had 
betuix  tbame  and  ihare  freindis  in  tyme  tocum,  that  thare  suld  he  ane  band  of  tendemes  betuix 
diame,  thare  airls,  and  frendes  for  evermar,  in  maner  and  forme  as  cflir  folouys — That  is  to  saye, 
that  the  said  Thomas  and  Williame  for  tfaomesel,  thare  airis,  successouris,  freindis,  men,  and  aer- 
vandis,  bundin  and  oblist  and  be  thir  present  letleris,  and  the  faith  in  thare  bodiis  lelelie  and  treo. 
lie  bindis  and  oblist  thame  and  ilkone  of  thome  be  the  failb  in  thare  bodiis,  athir  to  uthir  in  thare 
lele  and  onefald  kindnes,  furthering  help  supple  matnienonce  and  defens  of  al  lichtwis  actions 


*  •* Chemys*'  the  Manor.houie.      t  "Demayae"  lerre  dominicalea.      t  *'Cunnable"  Altainsble. 

t  We  find  by  the  Excheqner  Rolls,  (hat  parts  «f  the  rents  of  Glenchsmy  were  drawn  1456-8  and  in 
1460,  and,  punt  probably,  inerwsrds  by  Elisabeth,  Couotess  of  Moray;  ind  by  the  same  authority  that 
(he  iriiole  property  was  tet  by  the  Crown,  (who  became  proprietor  in  consequeocc  of  the  forfeituie  of 
Dooglas,  Earl  of  Moray),  to  Duncano  Grant  militi,  in  the  ye^r  1478,  by  whose  bmily  they  were  finally  ' 
retained.  Hence,  in  consequence  of  these  and  other  con Bideral ions,  it  is  presumed,  that  the  port  of  this 
Bsanlage  Indenture  relative  to  Glencharny  was  never  iroplemeDted,  and  that  Alexander  Cumyne  neces- 
sarily got  the  warrandice  lands  within  the  SheritTdoin  of  Elgin  and  Forres,  which,  it  is  believed,  were 
thoseofLogie,  Sluie,  Presley,  Brancliell,  and  Craigmiln,  which  the  family  stillhold  in  fi^n  from  the  Earl 


6  E 


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476  ADDITIONAL   APPENDIX. 

md  qaenllis,  morit  or  for  to  be  moTit,  qnhatHumevir  cooeenaag  dunue  .sad  Ufatne  of  ihune  in 
<«y  tymes  tocnin,  be  tbameself,  ihare  airis,  or-Buccesaoarn,  ^jainia  oilj  atbir  personis  J  and  thai 
Bud  ilktme  of  thame,  thare  airis,  and  snccessoum,  Aol  Bide,  gang,  and  laboore  with  thare  id4 
Ibare  kyii,  freindiB,  nuai,  and  seirandis,  and  &1,  that  thai  maipiirches  in  the  fuitheringy  helpeingrsnp. 
pleing,  maintaiance,  and  defena,  of  ntheris,  thare  Euris,  and  saccessouria,  thare  kyn,  men,  fitindia, 
and  servandis,  —a]  tfaair  actioans,  and  querellis,  ricbtwioe  movit,  or  for  to  be  movit  in  ony  tymes 
tocum;  and  other  of  the  Raid  partiis,  tbaieairiBandsucceaaouria,  sal  ^  to  the  tether,  his  airis,  and 
aacceasooria,  the  beste  counaale  that  be  can,  quben  he  aslds  it,  and  coonede  that  Ke  acbairia  lo  him, 
and  rerele  it  to  na  persoun,  without  bis  awin  avife  And  atherof  the  said  partiis,  tbair  ueris,  and 
mccesaoaris,  sal  tak  ane  afald  part  wiiti  ntheris,  thare  airis,  and  snceessonriB,  tbair  kin,  men, 
freindis,  and  seirandis,  and  s]  thare  actions  and  qncrellls,  fiiirsald  for  eremudr,  bat  dissat  or  dis- 
flimnlfUiaan  agauis  al  utheris  thare  alle^ance,  Rerarence  and  obeisance,  to  onre  noVerane  Lord, 
the  King  and  his  successouris,  and  to  the  Lordis,  that  thai  or  ony  ane  of  thame,  ar  bnndin  to  in 
thair  service  and  maorent,  for  thare  tyme  as  thare  letteris,  maid  beft>r  the  date  of  this  endentore 
proportis  alanerly,  except  and  oottakin.  And  for  die  mare  idkker  kindnes  and  tendemea,  to  be 
had  betnix  the  said  Thomas  and  Williame,  tfaare  airis  and  successouris,  kyn,  men,  freindia,  and 
serrandis,  qohUk  of  tbaim,  thare  airis  or  anccessouris  that  bappenis  to  brek,  or  failze  in  the  ccm- 
didons  foirsiudis,  or  ony  poyotof  tham^quhilkcan  be  prerit  be  the  tblher,  thare  airis  or  succes- 
soris,  in  ony  times  tocum,  sal  pay  to  utheris,  thare  luris.  or  snccessouris,  qubilk  bapptnis  to  preif 
the  breking  of  tbir  said  appolntmentis,  the  some  of  ane  bondreth  punds  of  usuale  mony  of  Scot- 
land, aspropir  det  and  lent  silver  within  fourti  dais  eltir  that  thesaid  breking  be  prevlt  without  ony 
langer  delay.  And  it  salbe  leful  to  the  party  of  Uiis  band  that  consem  and  faelpis  it  lo  poind  and 
diatreozbe  the  tother  party  tbat  brekes  it,  his  londis  and  paseessioon  for  the  said  some  of  ane  htind- 
reth  pond  at  his  awne  hand,  withoute  ony  commaund,  decrele,  or  precept  of  ony  Judge,  spiritnalc^ 
or  temporale,  and  alswele  of  al  costis  and  skaitbis,  that  thai  sustene  in  the  folowii^  thereof  as 
of  the  principalc  Boome.  To  the  qubilk  ihingis  abufe  wridn  other  of  the  said  partiis  for  thame. 
self  th&re  airi?,  and  succesBOuris,  thar  Idn,  men,  freindis,  and  serrandis,  lelely  and  treuly,  to  be 
observlt  and  kepit  for  erermare  ar  bundio  to  utheris,  be  the  faith  in  thare  bodiis,  the  holy  ewan. 
gelis  twichit,  and  under  the  stratast  stile  and  forme  of  obtigatioun  that  can  be  devisit,  infame, 
mansuering,  and  al  otheris  ;  and  .imder  the  oblising  of  al  thare  gudie,  had  and  to  be  had,  quhat- 
Aumerir,  al  fraud,  gile,  camllatioon,  and  eril  engine  removit,  and  for  erir  excludit  be  this  write. 
Ande  to  the  part  of  this  endenture  remaDand  with  the  said  Tbranas  Camyng,  the  said  Williame 
the  Hay,  for  him  self,  his  (uris,  successouris,  moi,  freindis,  kin,  and  serrandis,  half  aetto  his  pro- 
pir  sele;  and  to  the  part  remanand  with  the  said  Williame  the  Hay,  his  airis  and  successouris, 
the  aud  Thomas  Cmnmyi^,  for  him  self,  his  airis,  snccessouris,  kin,  men,  freinds,  and  Servandis^ 
half  setto  bis  propirsele,  at  Edinburgh,  the  xxT  day  ot  the  monethe  fbiiaald,  theyherofGod,  « 
thousand  four  hundreth  aerin^  and  sex  yheris. 

No.  LVIIl. — Alespander  Cumingi's  Letter  of  Manrentt  to  the 
Master  of  Himtly,  March  28.  1489. 

BEitkenddll  all  men  be.thir  present  lettres,  me,  Alexander  Cuming  of  Alter,  to  be  cnming  nan 


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ADDITIONAL  APPENDIX.  '  47T 

and  B^rasd ;  and  be  the  tomoiir  of  thlr  presmt  lettres  becamis  man  and  Beryand,  till  ane 
ticbt  nobill  and  worschipfull  man  Alexander  Gordoune,  Master  of  Hnntle,  for  all  the  dais  and 
termefl  of  my  lyff.  And  that  I  vith  my  kynmen  and  frendis,  and  all  thai  that  will  do  for  me, 
salbe  redy  to  the  said  Alexander,  my  Master  of  Hundy,  quhen  and  ala  oft  as  I  aalbe  chai^ 
therto;  dnd  that  I  sail  nolder  hear,  ee,  nor  understand,  hurt,  harm,  nor  aperand  perrel  to  my 
said  Masteri's  persone,  Berraudis,  nor  ^dis ;  bnt  I  sail  lat  it  at  my  power.  And  ^f  I  may  nocht 
tat  it,  I  sail  warn  him  and  tbaim  tboirof  in  detr  tym.  And  thU  I  aall  gif  him  best  and  trevast 
connsale  I  can,  ^f  I  be  reqiurit  therwith  ;  and  gif  he  achawis  me  ony  of  bie  consale,  I  sail  keip 
it  secreit  And  that  I  sail  tak  ane  afald,  upricht,  and  plane  part  with  my  said  Master,  in  all  and 
sundry  bis  actionb,  caisea,  and  querellis,  lesum  and  honest,  for  all  the  dais  and  termia  of  my  lyf 
foraaid ;  but  fraud  or  gyle  befor  and  agains  all  them  that  lyf  or  dee  may  myn  allegians  till  our 
Soveraine  Lord,  and  my  service  to  my  Lord  of  Murray  alanerly  except  And  for  the  fhlfillln^; 
and  siclcerly  keeping  of  all  and  sindry  thir  poinds  and  articles  aboue  writtin,  I  the  said  Alex- 
ander Cumming,  becanse  I  bade  no  seill  prepir  present  of  myne  awne,  I  hafprocurit  with  io- 
stans  the  sell  of  ane  richt  worschipfull  man,  James  of  Douglas  of  Fittyndreich,  to  be  affixt  for 
me  to  this  present  writ  befor  thir  witness,  Alexander  Stewart,  Master  of  Buchquhane,  Alexander 
Hay  of  Mane,  David  Douglas,  Robert  Boyd,  and  James  Wardlaw,  with  utheris  diverse ;  and  foe 
the  mair  sickemes  baa  oblist  me  in  the  maist  sicker  forme  obligacioun,  and  hes  gevin  my  bodely 
aith  tberto  the  holy  evangelis  tuechit,  writtin  at  Elgin,  and  subscriTJi  with  my  band  the  xxviij  day 
ofMarcbilheyereof  God,  a  thousand  four  bnndreth  aucfaty  and  syne  yeiris. 

No.  LIX. — Decreet  of  Exemption — Alexander  Cuming  of  Altera 

and  his  Kynnismen  and  Friende,  against  Alexander  Dunbar, 

Sheriff  of  Elgin  and  Forres,  June  26,  1550. 

At  Edinbuj^b,  the  xxvj  day  of  Junu,  the  yeir  of  God,  H  o  fyfty  zeirs,  ane&t  our  soTerane 
Ladyi's  letteris  purcbest  at  the  instance  of  Alexander  Cuming  of  Altar,  agania  Alexander  Dun- 
bar of  Cumnok,  Schirref  Principale  of  Elgyn  and  Fores,  Jhone  Rutberfurde,  George  Dunbar, 
and  George  Chesome,  his  pretendit  deputis  of  the  said  Schirefdome,  makand  mentioun,  that 
quhsur  the  said  Alexander  Dunbar,  Shire f-Frincip&le,  forsaid,  be  himself,  bis  freyndia,  and  ser. 
vandis,  hes,  dirers  and  syndrie  lymes,  crueilie  set  upoun  the  saidis  Alexander,  his  breder,  freyn- 
dis,  tenentis,  kynnismen,  and  servandis,  and  invadit  him  and  thame  for  thair  slauchdr ;  and  for 
that  cauB,  and  divers  utheris  c»issis,  the  said  Schiref  and  his  depntisarveray  suspect  to  be  jugi* 
to  the  B^d  Alexander,  his  kyn,  freyndis,  tennentis,  and  servandis ;  and  anent  the  cha^  gevin 
to  the  aaid  Scbiref-Principale,  and  hia  deputis  forstudis,  to  compeir  befoir  the  Lordis  of  Connsale 
to  faeir  and  see  the  said  Alexander  Cuming,  his  kyn,  freyndis,  tenentis,  and  servandis,  exemit  fra 
the  sud  Schiref,  and  his  deputis  office  and  jurisdictioun,  and  discbargit  of  all  preceding  agains 
the  stud  Alexander,  in  ony  actioun  intentit  or  to  be  intentit  be  thame,  or  qgaina  thame,  be  ony 
persons,  in  all  tyme  ciiming,  for  the  caussis  of  deidlie  feid,  and  *  *  *  ^ 

*  *  Or  ellia  to  all^e  ane  reasonable  caus  quhy  the  samin  auld  nocM  be  done,rr-aa 

Btmairlenth  iscontenitin  the  saidis  letteris, — the  said  Alexander  Cuming  being  personalia  pre. 
•ent ;  and  the  said  Sehiref-Principale,  and  his  deputia  forsaidis,  comperand  be  Master  James 


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478  ADDITIONAL  APPENDIX. 

M'Gill,  his  procnratour,— the  Lordis  of  Counsale  hes  create,  mwd,  consUtnte,  and  ordanit,  and 
\e  the  tennour  heirof,  makia,  conslitutis,  and  ordanis.  with  consent  of  the  said  Maister  Janes 
M'Gill,  procnratour,  foreaid,  Alexander  Innes  of  that  Ilk,  Schiref-Depute  of  the  said  SchLrefdome 
of  Elgin  and  Fores,  in  that  part  gevand,  grantand.  and  commillJind  to  him  powar.  to  Uk  cogni- 
tioun  in  all  actiMies  and  caussis  concernying  the  s^d  Alexander  Cumyng,  hia  kyn,  freyndia, 
tenentia,  and  servandis,  underwrittin ;  and  to  sit  within  the  Tolbuylhe  of  Elgyne,  or  ony  uUier 
<Mivenient  place  within  the  toun  thairof  quhair  he  thinkiB  maist  expedient,  and  proceid  and 
minister  justice  to  all  partya  persewand  thir  peraonb  UBderwrittin,  And  ordanis  the  Bailyas  of 
the  Bwd  hurgh  of  Elgyne,  to  resave  the  said  Alexander  Innes,  aylh  that  he  wJl  lelelie  and  trewlie 
miniater  justice  in  the  said  ofEce  of  Schirefschip  during  the  tyme  of  inimtde  and  deidlie  feid  for- 
ced Btaudand  betuix  the  saidis  partya  unreconsalit,  qnhom  to  the  saidia  Lordis  be  the  tennour 
heirof  gevia  powar  to  resave  the  said  Alexander  ayth  in  the  premiasia ;  and,  thwrfore,  dischargis 
the  said  Schiref  and  his  deputis  of  all  preceding  agMns  the  said  Alexander,  hb  kyn,  freyndia, 
tenentia,  and  aervandis,  underwriUen,— that  is  to  say,  the  said  Alexander  Cuming  of  Altar; 
Thomas  Cumyng,  his  eldest  sone ;  Alexander  Cuming ;  James  Cuming,  eldar ;  James  Cuming, 
younger ;  Doncane  Cuming ;  Robert  Cuming  and  Archibald  Coming,  his  sonnia,  thair  tenentts 
and  serrandis ;  William  Cuming  and  Edward  Cuming,  siclike,  hb  aonnis  j  Duncane  Cuming, 
Hectour  Cuming,  and  James  Ctmiing,  hb  bruder, 

Johne  Cumyng,  Alexander  Cumyng,  and  Duncane  Cumyng,  sonnis  to  the  focsoid  Duncane 
Cuming,  bmther  to  the  said  Alexander  and  Duncane  Cuming  in  the  mylntoun  of  Tnlydevy ; 
Alexander  Cuming,  his  sone,  and  Williame  Cuming,  his  bruder ;  William  Cuming  in  Pereslie ; 
Alexander  and  Johne  Cuming,  hb  sonnia;  Johne  Cumyng  in  Cardale ;  Robert  Cuming,  and 
Alexander  Cuming,  bastard  brellier  to  the  said  Alexander,  with  thair  eoms;  Thomas  Cuming  in 
Baleverdy ;  Alexander  Cuming,  his  bruder ;  Thomas  Cuming  in  Granroy ;  James  Cuming,  h» 
■errand ;  Alexander  Cuming  of  Erinside ;  James  Cuming,  Johne  Cumyng,  and  Cieoi^  Cuming, 
hb  breder ;  Mabter  Alexander  Cuming,  and  Johne  Cuming,  his  sone  ;  James  Cuming  also  his 
eone;  Williame  Cuming,  bruder  to  the  said  Mabter  Alexander  j  Williame  Cuming,  hb  sone  ; 
Alexander  Cuming  in  Auchinrothe  ;  James  Cuming,  hb  sone ;  Alexander  Cuming  and  Johne 
Cuming,  sonnb  to  nnqubOe  Cuthbert  Cuming  in  Elgin  ;  and  geoeralie  dischargis  the  said  Schiref 
and  his  deputis  of  all  proceding  ogains  the  saidis  personis,  thair  tenentb,  and  servandb, — dis. 
chargeing  tbome  thairof,  and  of  thair  offices  in  that  part,  Ifor  thecaussis  forsaidb;  and  letterblo 
be  direct  heirupoun,  gif  neid  be,  in  forme  as  efferis.  Extroctum  de  Libra  actorum  per  ine  Ma- 
gistrum,  Thomam  Morjoribanlds  de  Ratho,  Clericum,  Rotulorum,  R^istri  ac  Consilii,  Supreme 
Domine  nostie  Regine  sub  meb  signo  et  snbscriptioDe  manualibus. 

THOMAS  MARIORIBANK. 

No.  LX. — Jesus  Maria. 

I  Janes  Cuming  in  dolesbrachtie,  fader  broderto  ane  honorable  man,  Thomas  Coming  of  Altir, 
:gnmtB  me  to  hare  reaavit  fra  ane  honarable  man,  Laclan  Roa  of  KQraok,  ye  sovme  of  fyve  bund- 
(et  meiUs,  nsuale  mone  of  yis  realme,  promisit  be  him  to  me  for  ye  dole  and  tochir,  and  solem- 
D  of  matrimony,  wt  Marione  Ros,  hb  docbter  of,  qohilk  sowne  ye  stud  Laclan  has  iaed 


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ADDITIONAL  APPENDIX.  470 

^pon  land,  and  deliverit  to  Archibald  Urqabart  of  burrisyardis,  and  Elezabet  CamlDg,  his  apooa, 
at  ye  command  of  the  said  Thomas  Cuming,  &c.    Elgin,  18  July,  1563. 

No.  hXl.— Charter  to  Richard  Comyne,  1368. 

Datid  d«i  gratia  Rex  Scoltorum,  omnibus  probis  bominibos  totius  teme  soie  clericis  et  laicia  sa. 
lotem.  Sciatia  nos  dedisse,  concessisse  et  hac  presenti  carta  nostra  confinnaBBe,  dilecto  et  Rdeli, 
QOBtro  Ricardo  Comyne,  omnes  terras  de  Develly,  ana  cum  officio  forestario  forestie  nostro  de 
Teniway,  cum  pertineutibus  in  Comitatu  Moravise  infra  vice-comitatus  de  Invemya.  Teuendua 
et  habendus  eidem  Ricardo,  et  hsredibus  snis,  de  nobis,  et  hnredibus  nostris  in  feodo,  et  bieredi- 
tate  peromnes  rectas  metas  et  divisas,  suas  cum  omnibus  et  singulis  libertatibus,  &c.,  addictaa 
terras  et  officium  forestaru  foresta-,  nostrte  pnedicto  spectantibus  et  in  futumm  faciendo  inde  aer. 
vitum  debitam  et  consuetum.  In  cujus  rei,  &c.  Teslibus,  &c.  Apud  Duude,  sexto  die  Janu. 
arij,  anno  regui  nostri  Tricesimo  Nono.* 

No.  LXII. — Indenture  betwixt  Margaret,  Countess  of  Mar  and 
Anffus,  and  Sir  Richard  Cumine,  1389. 

Hac  Indentnra  facta  apud  Edinburgh  octavo  die  mensis  Aprilis,  anno  domini  1389,  inter  nobi- 
lem  et  honorabilem  dominam  Margaretam  Comitissam,  de  M air  et  Angus  ex  parte  una,  et  do- 
ninnm  Richardum  Cumine  militem  exaltera,  testatur,  quod  dicta  domina  dictum  Dominum 
Richardum  in  bunc  modum  de  terris  subscriptis  per  cartam  auam  in  feodarit,  ci^us  tenor  eequi. 
tur  et  est  talis.  Omnibus  banc  cartam  visuris  vet  audituris  Ma-gareta  Comitissa  de  Marr  et 
Angus  salulem  in  domino  sempitemom,  sciatis  nos  in  nostra  libera  viduitate  et  deliberata  volun. 
tate  dedisse  concessisse  et  hac  presenti  carta  nostra  confirmasse  dilecto  consanguineo  nostro  do- 
mino Richaido  Cumyne  milili,  totas  terras  de  Mulnese,  Balbryde,  Dalerbe,  et  Ord-dalledy,  in 
baronia  nostra  de  Kerrymore,  infra  vice-comitatum  nostrum  de  Forfar,  pro  suo  bono  auxilio  et 
serriiio  nobis  impenso  et  impendendo  tenend.  et  habend.  eidem  domino  Richardo  pro  tolo  tem- 
pore Tile  sue  de  nobis  et  heredibus  nostris  libere  qutete  bene  et  in  pace,  per  omnes  rectas  metaa 
et  divisas  suos,  in  boscis  et  planis  sylvis  et  nemoribus  viis  et  semttis,  moris  et  maresiis,  aquis  et 
etagnis,  aucupadonibus,  veuationibus  et  pasturis,  pratis  pascuis  et  pasturis  cum  fabrinis,  trasinis, 
molendinis,  multuris  et  coram  sequetis  et  nativb,  cum  curiis  el  earum  exitibUs  et  escbietis,  cum 


*  David.  Kii^  of  Scots,  to  all  honest  men,  ckr^  and  laity  of  hU  n-hole  Icin^cdom,  greeting.  Know 
that  we  have  given,  granted,  and  by  tbia  preaeot  ctiarter  have  confirmed,  to  our  beloved  and  faitbfal 
Richard  Cuming,  all  the  lands  of  Develly,  along  with  the  office  of  Ranger  of  our  Forest  of  Taniawy, 
with  Its  pertiDeats,  in  the  eonoty  ot  Muray  and  Sheriffdom  of  lavemess,  to  be  held  by  the  same  Rich- 
ard and  hia  heirs,  of  us  and  our  heirs,  in  feu  and  heritage,  by  all  ils  proper  boundaries  and  diviskmt, 
with  all  and  every  |iri*ll^,  Stc,  belonging  to  the  said  lands  and  office  of  Ranger  of  oor  foresaid  forest, 
and  by  the  future  performance  of  the  services  thence  due  and  customary.  In  testimony  of  which,  &C., 
before  witnesses,  &c    At  Dundee,  the  6th  day  of  January,  in  the  thirty-ninth  year  of  our  reign. 


6  F 

Digitized  by  LjOOQIC 


480  additio:nal  appendix. 

omnibassuiajuHtia  pertinentusproutjacent  in  lon^adine  et  latitniliae,  et  c 
libertatibas,  com  modi  talibus  et  asjiamejitis  tarn  dqh  nconiiuUis  quam  DonUiMdiB  ad  ensdcin  tem^ 
Bpectantibua  seu  quoquomodo  speclare  valentibus  in  fuLuram.  Reddendo  inde  dictus  Dominus 
Richardus  domino  nostro  regi  debitiun  ser?itium  et  consuetiun,  nobis  varo  et  bendibus  nostria 
anmiatim  tres  sectas  curie  ad  tria  placita  noatni  capiCalia  tenead.  apiid  Kerymoie,  tantum  pro 
omni  alio  onere  aervitio,  esactiooe,  seu  demando,  que  per  nos  vel  faeiedes  nostros  de  dictft  tun 
cum  pertinentiis  exegi  potemnt  vel  requiri.  Et  Doa  dicta  Margaieta  et  heiedet  nostri  dictaft  ter- 
ras cum  pertinentiia  praedicto  domiao  Ricfaardo,  pro  toto  teqipore  yite  sue  coQlia  omnes  hnmiww 
warantizabimua  et  defendemus.  In  cujus  rei  teatimomum  huJc  presenti  carte  noatre  sigjUInin 
nostram  fecimus  apponi  apud  Edinburgh.  His  testibue,  dominis  Johanne  de  Sftncto-Claro  d« 
Hirdmanalon,  Jacobo  et  Waltero  de  Sancto-Claro,  Willielmo  Setoa,  fratribus  noetris  carisBimis, 
Willielmo  de  Boithwick,  et  Jobanne  de  Liddale,  milicibus  et  mullis  aliia.  Et  si  pnedicte  tene 
minoria  siut  extensionis  quiun  20  marcia  pnedicta  domina  aibi  persolvi  summum  defisiNitem 
fnciat,  et  si  majoris,  prefatua  dominus  Ricbardua  dicte  domine  reatitnat  in  arg«ato,  et  ad  hoc 
omnia  fideliter  per  implenda  pnedicte  indenture  ana  aigUla  ambo  partes  altematim  apposueiunL 
Datum  die  loco.et  anno  sn  praedicto.* 

N.o.  LXIII. — Instrument  Regarding  the  Mill  of  Alfyre,  and  the 
Priory  of  Pluacardttn,  June  23,  1456. 

Umtbrsis  ct  Singnlis,  alme  motris  ecclede  filiis,  has  literaa  visniu  vel  audituris,  Magister  Iltigo 


*  The  above  i»  iDxerted  amongst  the  MS  coUecUoiiR  of  Father  Har,  in  the  Advocates'  Libiwy,  an 
eminent  antiquarian,  and  gleaner  of  ancient  documents,  who  lived  tnore  than  a  century  ^o. 

Bearing,  thai  this  indenture,  made  at  Edinbuiyb,  on  the  Sth  of  April  1389,  bettreen  the  ooUe  and 
honourable  Lad^,  Dame  Margaret,  Countess  of  Mar  and  Angus,  and  Sir  Richard  Gumming,  Kni^l,>— 
teslifies,  that  the  Countess,  in  her  own  free  widowhood,  and  deliberate  williaipiess,  ha.i  granted  to  ber 
Ifetored  kioHDan,  the  whole  Upds  of  Malnease,  Balbrydle,  Daleabe,  and  Ord-dalledy,  in  her  barony  of 
Kerrymuir,  for  his  good  support,  and  service  perfonned,  and  to  be  perfbrmed,  to  be  holdeo  for  his  whole 
life,  of  ber  and  her  heirs,  by  their  proper  boundaries,  in  hills,  plains,  woods,  groves,  ways,  and  paths, 
— moors,  and  mar8hea,—streams  and  lakes,  huntings  and  hawking*,  lands,  meadows,  and  pastures, 
with  fbiges,  hrawhonses,  mills,  multures,  and  (heir  sFqaels,  and  knares,  with  their  conrts,  ixnes,  and 
eMheats,  with  all  their  jnslpertbieots,  as  they  lie  in  length  and  breadth,  with  all  privileges,  named,  and 
not  named,— the  said  Ijoid  Rlcfaaid  rendering  to  oar  Lord,  the  King,  the  doe  and  cnstomaiy  Knl|^(a* 
service,  and  to  the  Countess  and  herhelra,  yearly,  thioe  Soytoun  (the  titleof  an  Officerand  of  courts  of 
justice  in  the  haronies  of  this  lealm,  and  also  in  the  kingdom  in  andent  times)  of  court  at  ha  three  he«d 
pleas,  to  be  held  only  at  Kerrymuir,  in  fullofallexactk>iisc»'deniands,—lbe  said  Lady  Margaret  gtring 
absolute  warrandice  to  the  said  Lord  Richard,  in  testimony  whereof  she  has  made  ber  seal  to  be  put  m 
pretence  of  these  witnesses,— John  de  Sinclair  of  Hlrmondston,  James  and  Waller  de  Sinclair,  Willina 
Seaton,  our  beloved  brothers,  William  of  Borlhyke,  and  John  of  Liddale,  and  many  others. 

And  If  the  raid  land  shall  be  of  less  extent  than  30  merks,  the  said  Lady  shall  make  up  the  sum  by 
herself,  paying  the  diference,  or  if  more,  the  said  Sir  Richard  shall  restore  in  money,  to  tbe  said  Lady, 
and  for  die  ftitbliil  implementing  the  said  faidenture  in  whole,  both  parties  have  alternately  put  her 
seal.    Otven  day,  place,  and  year,  aforesaid. 


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ADDITIONAL  APPENDIX.  481 

Gng7e  CoBioissariuB  Monnensis,  Salatem.  Id  onmiam  salTolore  literae,  viz.  instnmientum 
pablicnm  resignUioDis,  et  TindicBtioniB  molendiDi  de  Altyr,  factum  priori  et  conventai  de  Plus, 
cardine,  per  quondain  Thomam  Caming,  olim  dominum  de  Altyr  in  peigsmino  script  sab  nota 
eimb  Bcriptione,  Joannis  Basok,  preabiteri  MoraTtensis,  dic»ce8is,  de  data  vicesima  tertio  mends 
Jmrij  anno  domini,  miUesimo  qnadringeiilesimo  quinqu^;esimo  sexto ;  sanas  et  integras  non 
vicialas  non  canceUatafl,  nee  in  aliqna  sni  parte  snspectoa,  sed  omnibus,  prorsos  vitio  et  saspicioni 
«arentes,  nobis  pro  tribunali  sedentibus,  in  loco  inferius  designato,  per  venerabilem  in  Chrislo 
patrem,  Alexandrumf  priorem  de  Flascardine,  eonun  notario  publico  et  tealibua  infrascriptiB,  le- 
gend, et  traanunend.  fore,  et  transumi  presentaC  nos  cum  ea  qua  decuit  reverentia,  noreritis  re- 
oipisse ;  cnji»  instramenti  tenor  seqtiitur,  et  est  talis  sub  hac  foTmo,  in  dei  nomine,  amen, — per 
hoc  presens  publicom  instrumentum,  Cnnctis  pateat  evidenter,  quod  anno  a  nativitate  domini, 
millesimo  qoadringentesimo  quinquagesimo  sexto,  menais  vero  Junij  die  vicessimo  tertio,  indic- 
tione  quarta  pontificatus  ssnctiasimi  in  Cbristo  patris,  et  domini  domini  Oalisti,  divioa  proriden. 
tia  Pi^  tertii  anno  secundo,  in  mei  notuii  publici,  et  lestium  infra  scriptonim  presentia,  persona, 
liter  constltataB  TOierabiHs  in  Cfaristo  pater,  frater  Joannes  permissione  divina  prior  prioratas  de 
Pluscardine,  Moraviensis  diocesis,  nobilem  Tirum,  Thomam  Cuming  de  Altyr  armigerum,  sib 
extetit  allocntos  Thoma  Coming,  ad  ntentem  deducere,  de  totis  mordente  tos  conscientia,  qualiter 
jam  diveraiB  annia,  contra  deum  justtciam  et  bonam  coDscientiam,  molendinum  nostrum  de  Altyr, 
injoBte  detinetis  occapaL  onde  indubitaater  sequitur,  vos  tenibilem  excommonicationis,  senten- 
ttam,  contra  raptores,  et  injuBtos  occupatores  possessionum  ecclesiasticamm  a  Canone  latam, 
dompnabiliter  incurriBse.  Rogomus  tob  igitur  ob  reverentiam  omnipotentis  dei,  et  gloriose  vir. 
g^nis  Marie,  ac  beati  Andree  patroni  noGtri,  qnatenns  sine  lite  Ben  strcpitu,  vel  fignra  judicii, 
dictum  molendinum,  nostram,  nobis  et  monaaterio  noatro,  velitia  relinquere  libemm,  vacuum,  et 
e>xpeditam,  et  sic  forte,  de  injnsta  occupatione  preterita,  facilias  possitis  pertractare  componere  et 
finire.  Ad  hec  verba  piaedictus  Thomas  respondens,  dixit  domine  prior,  vob  dicitis  quod  molen- 
dinum de  Altyr,  vobis  et  monaaterio  vesCro  pertine^  et  ego  stun  informatos  quod  mihi,  et  ante- 
cessoribns  meis  snccessit,  et  succedit  jure  beredilario,  tnnquam  ad  proprietatem  dominii  de  Altyr, 
vemmtamen  volo  in  boc  facto  fratres  meos  minores,  et  amicos  consulere,  et  secundum  eorum 
consilium  me  habere.  Et  incontinenti,  a-^umpiis  secum  acl  partem  Joanne  Cuming,  et  Alex- 
andro  Cuming,  fratribns,  suis,  cum  aliis  amicis,  super  dicta  materia  din  communicavit,  com  eis. 
dem  tandem  regressus  ad  dictum  dominum  priorem,  modesto  sermone  prout  sequitnr  delibara. 
vit,  conclusit,  et  finivit,  dicens,  domine  prior,  jam  sum  bene-informatuB  quod  molendinum  de 
Altyr,  supra  dictum  mihi  nullo  modo  pertinet,  spectat,  vel  competit,  nee  unquam  antecesBoribris 
meis  competebat,  spectabat,  vel  pertiuebat ;  sed  vere  spectat,  pertinel,  et  competit,  Monasterio  de 
Plnscardine  supradicto,  com  universia  pertinentiis,  et  sequelis  ejuadem,  nihilominus  ad  majorem 
dwlarationem  et  firmitatem  perpetnia  futuris  temporibus,  et  tun  oven  damomnem  ambiguJtatem, 
in  materia  supradicla,  omne  jus  et  clameum  colorcm  assedationia  possessionem,  vel  titulum, 
nihi  et  heredibnsmeis  spectan.  vel  apectare  valen.  in  fnturum  in  vel  ad  molendinum  de  Altyr, 
sapradicte  domine  prior,  pro  me  et  heredibus  meia,  in  perpcluum  per  traditionem  hqjns,  chero- 
ttce  mee,  pure  simpliciter  sponte  et  absolute  resigno,  i-ealitier  ct  cum  eflectaa  ;  Ipsumque  molen- 
dinum, cum  omnibus  justia  suia  pertinentiis,  et  sequelis,  quibus  cunque,  pro  me  et  heredibus 
U^  ut  praedictum  est,  vobia  et  monaaterio  vestro  de  Pluscardine,  liberum,  vacuum,  et  expedi- 


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483  ADDITIONAL   APPENDIX. 

tum,  dimilto,  nee  unquam  futuris  temporibae  per  me,  vel  heredm  meos,  in  vel  ad  ntoIendiDmn 
praeditium,  Jds,  vel  clameum  vendicabo,  et  pro  commiasis  iryustiB  occupationibiu  meis  praedictt 
tnolendini,  contra  deum.jusiiciam,  et  bonam  conscientiom  veniBm,  graliom,  et  absolntionia  bene- 
ficium,  ob  reverentiani  omnipotentis,  dei,  et  besti  Andree,  apostoli,  hamiliter  implore,  quod 
praedictus  dominua  in  forma  ecclesie  libenter,  et  ptUemaliter  sibi  coDcessit,  rapec 

qaibos  omnibos  et  singulis,  praedictis,  dominos  prior,  a  me  notario  publico  inrnacripto,  sibi 
fieri  peciit  publicum  instrumentum.  Acta  erant  bee  in  buigo  de  Fores,  in  puUica  etreeta  regis, 
prope  crucum,  hora  quasi  secunda  post  meridiem,  sub  anno,  mense,  die,  hdictione,  et  pontifi- 
cato,  suprascriptis,  praesentibus  ibidem  religioso  viro  fratre  Thoma  Walowhode  monacho  de 
Dunfermeling,  et  nobilibus  vlris  Alexandro  Cuming,  Joanne  Cuming,  et  Roberto  Cnming,  armi. 
gens,  Andrea,  Thome,  et  Andrea  Symone,  agricolis,  cum  raultis  aliis  testibus,  ad  premiaaa  voca. 
tis  specialiter,  et  rogatb.  Sequitur  subscriplio  notarii,  Et  ego  Joannes  Basolc,  presbitpr  Morari- 
ensis  diocesis,  publicns  auctoritate  imperiali  notarius,  quia  premiss  omnibus  et  singulis,  dum  sic 
ut  praedictnm  est  ogerentur,  dicerentur,  et  fierent,  unacum  prenominatis  testibus,  presens  inter- 
fui,  eaijue  sic  fieri  vidi,  et  audivi,  el  in  notam  cepi ;  Ideoque  boc  presens  publicum.  inUromen- 
tum  manu  mea  propria  scriptum,  in  banc  publicam  fonnam  redegi,  signoque  et  subscriptione 
meia  solitis,  et  consuelis,  signavi,  rogatua,  et  lequisitus  in  fidem  et  testimonium  omnium  pronia- 
Ronim.  Post  prerati  instnimenti  presentationem  receptionem,  et  lectaram  nobis,  et  per  nos,  sic 
Hi  premlttitur  fiict  ?  prefatus  venerabilis  in  Christo  pater  praedictum  instmmenium  exempluri, 
Iranasomi,  extrabi,  auctenticari,  et  in  publicam  Iranssumpti  fiirmam  redegi,  transsunipto  exindc. 
confecto  Gdem  in  judicio,  et  extra  concedi,  et  dari  ac  per  nos  cum  inierpositione  decreti  ne  caiu 
fortuito,  seu  viarum  discriminibns  deperiret,  et  suos  vigores  amilteret,  et  ex  oliia  causis  ralionabi- 
libus  animum  suum  ad  hoc  moven.  decemi  humiliter  postulavit,  et  nog  super  biis  dcbita  cum  in- 
stancia  requiaivit  nos  veio  attenden.  bujnsmodi  postulationem  ct  requisitionem  jiistas  fore,  el  ra^ 
tioni  consonos,  volentesque  eiisdcm  annnere  ut  tenemur ;  Idrirco  nostra  auctoritate,  ordinaria, 
qua  fungimur,  in  hac  parte  prenotatum  inatrumentum,  actenlis,  causis,  et  rationibas  per  dictum 
venerabilem  patrem.  in  auis  postulattone,  et  reqniHilioneutsupraexpositisac  omnibus  el  aingolw 
sua  commimiter,  vel  divisim  interesse  in  premissis  habere  puton.  per  nostras  literaa  patentes  in 
Rcclesie  Caibedralis  Moraviensis,  valvis,  ad  certum  tempus  congrunm  alfixas,  prius  legitime  pre- 
munitis  exemplari  transsumi  extrabi  auctenticari,  et  in  banc  publicam  transsumpti  fi)rmam  per 
notarium  publicum  infiascriptum,  ad  futuram  rei  memoiiam  servatis  servandis,  redegi  ex|)rease 
mandarimus,  et  fecimus  cum  efiVctu.  Et  ad  tollendum  omnc  dubium  decrevimua,  etteoore 
pnesentinm  deceroimus,  ut  prssepli  transsumpto  tarn  in  judicio  quam  extra  ubilibet  locorum, 
ut  prsdicto  instnunento  originali  (ilena  et  indubilata  fides  perpetuus  futuris  t^nporibus  adbibea. 
tur,  Qnibus  omnibus,  et  singulis,  quia  presens  Iranssumptum  cum  pnefato  original!  concordare 
invenimus  nostram  authorilatem  interposuimua,  et  decrerimus  prout  interpoaimus  et  decemimm 
per  praesentes.  In  quorum  omnium  et  siogulorum  fidem,  et  testimonium  prenuasOTum  baa  pnte- 
sentes  litems  sive  boc  presens  instrumentnm  publicnm,  hujusmodl  nostrum  transsumptum  in  sq 
Gontinen.  exinde  fieri,  et  per  notarium  publicum  infrascriptum  subacribi,  et  publican  mandarimim 
noatrique  sigilli  officii  jussimus,  et  fecimus  appenuone  communiri,  datum  et  actum  in  loco  cem- 
siatoriali  Ecclesie  Catbedrolis  Moraviensia  aolito,  quarto  dei,  menais  Julii,  anno  domini,  MiUesi- 
aio  quingentesimo  quinquagesimo  primq,  indictioo*  nona.  pontificatos  lanctissiati  in  Cbrisbt. 


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ADDITIONAL  APPENDIX.  4BS 

pitrls,  et  domlnl  domini  Jnlii  dlvina  providentia  pape  tertii  umo  lecando,  pieaentibiu  ibidem 
venenbilibus,  et  diecretis,  vine  Magistro  Tfaoma  Gader&r,  Cancmico  MonTiensi,  Joanne  Ogilvy, 
laico.  Domino  Roberto  Urquhart,  restore  de  Kyldonane,  Mcigistro  Jacobo  Byrene,  doctoie  medi. 
ome,  et  Magistro  Alexandra  Douglas,  bufgense  de  Elgyn,  no'arioque  publico,  testibiu  ad  pre- 
mifsa  Tocatia  pariterque  rogatis. 

Fit  ego  Joannes  Gibsone  presbiter,  Moraviensis  dioceaia,  acriba  curie  conaistorialis  ejuadem, 
aacraque  et  apoatolica  auctoritate  notarius  publicus,  quia  premissia  omnibuB,  et  singnlia  dum  iio 
at  pronittitnr  dicerentur  i^rentur,  et  fierent  onacum  prenominatia  teatibus  preaens  inteifai  eaqoe 
omnia,  et  aingnla  aic  fieri,  dicti,  vidi,  ecivi,  et  audivi  ac  in  nolam  cepi,  ideoque  hoc  presena  pub- 
licum instrum^itum  manu  mea  propria  fideliter  scriptum,  tninasumpti  fonnam  in  ae  continen. 
exinde  confect,  et  in  banc  formam  redegi,  stgnoque  meis  nomine  cognomine.  et  subacriptione 
unacum  appenaione  memorati  aigilli  aignavi  ac  subscripsi  in  fidem  et  testimonium  premissorum 
rogatua,  et  requiaitus.* 

*  Joannes  Gibaone  notarius  publicus  manu  propria. 


*  Thb  lostniment  ia  a  striking  wtuning  asalnat  re-admitting  tlte  inflneoce  of  RomBn  Catholic  d^ut- 
tariei,  or  eren  iDferkir  print*,  aaHmg  the  oobles— much  leaa  among  the  populace  or  our  great  empire. 
This  In'stmoMiit  leU  forth,  that  the  Monks  of  Pluscarden  baring,  by  the  Influence  of  supentitknit  ac- 
quired the  lemblaDce  of  a  legal  title  to  tlie  Mill  from  one  of  the  pmprielort  of  Altyr,— oneof  (it  may 
be  Tbonutt)  his  Immediate  auecessors  bad  returned  ibe  poswsaioD,  and  for  aome  time  RtBined— when 
(be  CommiiMry,  (that  is  (be  Lord  Adracate,  then  for  Procurator-Fiscal  of  (he  Bishopric  of  Moray), 
Master  Hugh  Cragye,  widi  all  due  reverence,  received  this  InslrumeDt,  extended  fair  on  parchment, 
without  eraiuie,  or  any  viUatioa,  by  John  Basok,  a  Notary— bearing  that  the  Prim  of  die  Priory  of 
Pluscarden  tbui  addrened  a  noble  man,  Thomas  Cuming  of  Allyr,  Esq.,  to  bring  bis  mind,  bb  con- 
ccience,  biting,  that  now,  for  sererml  years,  he  hud  nnjuslly  occupied  his  Mill  of  Allyr  against  God,  jus- 
tice, and  good  conscioice,  when,  thereupon,  tbihtwa  the  terrible  lenience  of  excommunication  against 
(be  robbers  and  unjust  occuf^s— requb4ng  him,  therefbre,  for  Ibe  rererence  of  alin^hty  Ood,  and  the 
glorious  Virgin  Mary,  and  the  blossed  Andrew,  tlie  Patron  of  the  Piiory,  that,  widMUt  lit^tion  or 
straggle,  or  judfcial  form,  he  would  immediately  leave  the  Mill  free  and  void,  and  thereby  more  easily 
compound  for  his  iniquitous  occupation.  To  which  speech  the  said  Thomas  replied  to  the  Uird  Prior, 
*•  You  My  that  the  Mill  of  Ally r  appprtabs  to  you  and  to  your  Priory ;  hut  I  am  informed  that  both  I 
and  my  predrceason  have  succeeded,  and  did  succeed,  by  hereditary  rixht,  in  the  same  manner  as  to 
the  property  of  the  esUle  of  AKyr — nevertheless,  in  this  transaction,  I  am  will'mg  to  have  the  counsel 
of  my  younger  brothen  and  friends,  and  coudopt  myself  agreeably  thereto ;"  and  iDonitinently  tskmg 
them  aside,  John  Cuming  and  Alexander  Cuming,  his  brothers,  with  their  other  friends,  having  long 
consideied  (be  sbove  subject  5  and  he,  at  length,  re-entering  with  them,  of  tiie  two  evib  of  excommnni- 
eation  and  the  loss  of  the  Mill,  having  chown  Ihe  least,  said,  modestly  to  the  Prior, "  That  1  am  now  well- 
hifOTUHd,  that  the  said  Mill  of  Altyr  in  no  manner  of  way  ever  appertained  to  roe,  or  to  my  predecaa- 
aOT«;  but  really,  with  all  its  pertinents  and  sequels,  sppertained  to  the  said  Mtmaslery— nevertbeleas 
tot  the  more  Ann  security,  and  for  removing  every  degree  of  ambiguity  in  future,  by  the  delivery  of 
thU  attested  writing  in  pure  rimplicity  of  my  own  will,  I  absolutely  resign  the  Mill  itself,  with  all  iU 
just  pertinents,  from  me  and  my  hem,  (0  ymi  and  your  Monastery  of  Plusoardan ;  and  for  the  unjojt 
occupation  by  me  and  my  foi^aids  of  the  Mill  against  God,  justice,  and  good  consdoows  I  hombly  im- 

6  ti 


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484  ADDITIONAL  APHBNDIl^ 

No.  JjXIV. — Charter  by  William  the  Hay,  Baron  of  Dolaa,  to 
Thomas  Comyn,  Baron  of  Altre,  December  15,  1460. 

Omnibus,  banc  cartam  viauris  vel  audituiis,  WUlielmua  Hay  Baro  de  Dolas,  salutem  in  domino 
Bempitemam,  BciatiB,'  me  dedisse  concessisBe  et  ad  Teodam  firmam  dimisisse  necnon  present! 
carta  mea,  pro  perpetus  confirmasse,  bonorabili  viro  et  meo  amico  predilecto  Thome  Comyn 
biutini  de  Altre,  messuagium  baronie  mee  de  Dolas,  et  mansum  ejusdem  cum  pertineniiis  dicti 
messuagii.  Tenendum  et  habendum  dictuio  measuagium  cum  pertinentiis  ejusdem  prsefato  Tbome 
Comyn  beredibus  suis  et  suia  assignatia,  de  me  pnefato  Willielmo  heredibua  meis  et  meis  assig- 
natis,  in  feodo  et  hereditate  imperpetuum,  cum  omnibus  et  ainfrulie  commoditatibus,  libertatibus, 
«t  ayaiamentis,  et  Justis  suis  pertinentiis  quibuscunque,  in  boacis,  in  planis,  in  pratis  pascuis,  et 
passuria,  moris  moraseis,  in  aquis  et  stangnia,  in  oucupationibua,  et  venationibus,  in  curiis  et 
vuriarum  exilibus,  et  escbsetis,  in  merchetis  mulierum  et  bereldis,  in  petariis  et  turbarib  cotum. 
bariis  et  yarenis,  et  in  ailvis  et  nemoribus,  et  cum  omnibus  suis  justia  pertineniiLs  quibus  cunque, 
per  suas  rectaa  divisos,  tarn  subtus  terra  quam  supra  terram,  tarn  prope  quam  procul,  tarn  non 
nominatis  quam  nominatis,  ad  dictum  messuagium  cum  pertinentiis  ejusdem  quomodoUbet 
tipectantibus.  aeu  juste  spectare  valeatibus,  quoqus  mode  in  futurum,  adeo  libere,  quiete,  plen- 
arie,  integre,  hoaorlAce,  bene  et  in  pace,  sicut  ^ga  prenonatus  Willielmus,  vel  aliquis  anteces. 
«onuii  meonuD,  dictum  mesauagiom  de  domino  nostro  rege,  teneo,  suu  tenuit,  possideo,  sen  pos- 
aedit,  sen  aliquod  messui^ium  titula  vere  Teodefirme  Ilberiaa  per  aliqaem  ab  oliquo  infra  Regnum 
Scotic  habetur.  tenetur  seu  posaidelur,  reddendo  inde  annuntim  dictus  Thomas  Comyn,  heredes 
9ui  et  sni  assignati,  micbi  prefato  Willielmo,  heredibua  meis  et  meis  ossignatis,  sex  mercas  ai^. 
entia  naualis  monete  r^^i  Scode,  ad  duos  anni  terminos,  viz.  dimidietatem,  ad  festum  penta. 
costes,  et  aliam  dimidietatem,  ad  festum  sancti  martini  in  yeme,  per  equities  portiones,  pro  omni 
alio  serritio,  exactions,  consuetudine,  sea  demanda  secniaii,  que  de  dicio  roessuagio  cum  pertin- 
entiis ejusdem  exigi  poterint,  quoquo  modo  vel  requiri.     Et  ^;o,  vero  dictus  Willielmus  Hay, 


plore  pardon,  );race,  and  the  beoefit  of  absolution,  for  the  Tevereace  of  alniiglily  God,  and  the  blessed 
Andrew,  the  Apostle,"  which  the  said  prior,  in  Eccletiaatlcal  roriiiAlilyOf  himself,  freely  and  paternally 
granted  upon  all  and  each  of  which  things,  as  they  were  acted  in  the  borough  of  Forre.%  at  Gte  Cross  in 
the  royal  public  street,  the  Lord  Prior  required  this  pnblic  Instrument  of  me,  the  under-signing  Notary- 
Public,  in  the  year,  monib,  day  of  Induction  and  Poatifice  aboTe  written,  being  there  present  the  very 
religious  man,  brother  Thomas  Willowbood,  Monk  of  Dunfermline,  and  the  noble  men  Alexander  Cum- 
ing, iotm  Cuming,  Robert  Cuming,  Esq.,  Andrew,  Thomas  and  Andrew  Syraon,  farmers,  with  many 
other  witnesses  specially  called,  and  uki^d  to  follow  the  subscrrptinn  of  tile  Notary.  The  other  furmali- 
tieaof  this  curiooa,  singular,  and  instmctive  document,  were,  on  the  4th  of  July  thereafter,  with  much 
formality,  affixed  to  the  door  of  the  Cathedral  of  Moray,  and  then  completed  by  the  Notary'sdocquetm 
the  usual  place  (of  the  Prentice  Aiale)  die  conshitorial  place  of  the  Cathedral.  These  discreet  and 
venenble  men  being  in  the  same  place  present,  Mr  Thomaj  Gatherer,  Canon  of  Moray,  John  Ogilvey, 
liaymm,  Mr  Robert  Urquhart,  Rector  of  Kildonan,  Mr  Janie*  Byiene,  Doctor  of  Medicine,  and  Mr 
Alexander  Douglaas,  Buigeu  of  Elgin  and  Notary- Public,  both  called  and  aaked  to  be  witnen  m  the 
prcmlset. 


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ADDITIONAL   APPENDIX.  485 

heredes  md  et  loei  nssi^fDati,  dictom  uesBQagiiun  baronie  mee  de  Dows  prescript  earn  pertineiu 
tlis,  dicto  Thome  Comyo,  faeredibuB  suis  et  Buis  assigntttis,  in  onmibos  et  per  omoia  aicut  ropertut 
«zpressatum  eat  contra  omnes  mortoles  wanmdzabimus,  acquietabimus,  et  imperpetuum  defen- 
demuB.  Et  Bt  contingat  qaod  absit  me,  ant  faeredes  meoa,  sea  aliquem  alium  nomine  nostio, 
contra  has  mess  donationem  et  confirmationem,  devenire  continent,  obli^  me,  heredes  meos, 
et  meoB  BSsi^atos,  nostra  bona  mobilia  et  immobilia,  et  sij^nonter  totaa  et  integras  terras  inea« 
de  P^ik,  de  Ratad.  warantizandum,  acquietandum,  et  defendendum  dictum  messaagium  dide 
baronie  cam  pertinentiis,  pielibato  Tbome  Comyn,  heredibua  auis  et  suis  assignatis  quibnscunque* 
in  ctyoH  rti  testimonium,  aigUlum  meam  proprium  propriis  manibas  meis  huic  prsaenti  carte 
mee  eat  appensnm,  et  ad  mtyorem  securitatem  et  hujus  rei  evidentiam,  sigillom  bonorabilis  riri 
Johannis  Hay  de  Mayne  com  instanda  apponi  procuravi,  coram  hiis  testibos,  videlicet,  Alexan- 
dn>  Comyn  de  Emysbede,  Domioo  Andrea  Fores  vicario  de  Elgyn,  et  Dnncano  Alexandri  bur. 
gense  de  Elgyn,  cum  direnia  aliis,  apod  bni^um  de  Elgyn,  decimoquinto  die  mensis  Decembris, 
anno  domini  millesimo  quodringentesimo  sexagesimo.* 

No.  LXV. — Band  off  Releiff  be  the  Laird  off  Altrea  Friends  and 
Wdasehtjhr  ye  yeare  1672. 

Be  it  known  till  all  men  by  thes  presentis,  we,  Jofan  Cuming  of  Logie,  Jobn  Cuming  of  Utlaval, 
Wm.  Cuming  of  Prealey,  Jamea  Cuming  of  DoUosbraughtie,  John  Fraaer  of  Craigroy,  Wm.  and 
Donald  Fraser  of  Glenernie,  Duncan  Grant  of  Cure,  spous  to  Jean  Cuming,  lyve-rentrix  of  the 
lands  of  Tilliedivie,  for  ber  entires,  John.  Robert,  James,  and  James  Cumingis,  portioners  of 
Little-phorpe,  Alexr.  Cuming  of  Tamnomune,  now  of  Blackhill,  David  Cuming  of  Coldmyre, 
Wm.  Coming  of  Craigmiln,  James  Cuming  of  Rimichie,  Wm.  Forqrson  of  Odinvil,  Wm.  Far- 
qrson  of  Tomcorke,  Duncan  Grant  of  Litlle  Branchell,  and  George  Cuming  ofMeickle  Branchel. 
Forsameickle  as  by  divers  laws  and  acts  of  Parlement  made  for  the  suppressing  of  theft,  resept  of 
theft,  depredations,  open  and  avowed,  fyrerasing  upon  deadly  feads.and  other  crymes  which  are 
ordinarly  comitted  is  the  HigheJands, — its  statue  and  ordained  yt  Landlords  and  their  Baillviei 
and  Heads  and  Chidains  of  danns,  sould  find  cautione  for  tbeir  vassels,  men,  tenants,  and  serv. 
ants,  and  iudwellers  upon  yr  lands,  rooraes,  and  posessions,  lykeoa  by  severoll  acts  of  Counsaill 
it  is  apoynted  yt  branches  of  clanns,  and  heads  of  families  sail  likewyse  find  cautione  for  their 
men,  serranta,  and  tenants,  and  the  bole  persons  of  yr  name  descended  of  yr  families,  and  see. 
ing  Robert  Cuming  of  Altyreprindpall  of  that  familie  of  whom  we  are  descended,  and  only  Lord 
of  the  respective  lands  whilk  now  we  doe  possesse,  hes  by  his  band,  and  by  his  caution  ingonyed 
himsdf  to  the  Connsell  of  Scotland  to  the  effect  forsaid.    Wberfor  with  ye,  os,  and  every  one  of 


*  William  Hay,  Baroo  of  Dollu,  prays  for  everlasting  salvatioii  in  tbe  Lord,  (a  all  wbo  in  time  tn- 
bire  may  see  or  hear  of  this  charter, — whereby  be  bu  granted  to  an  honourable  GeDtleman,  bisdearat 
friend  Thomas  Coinyn,  Bams  of  Aityre,hia  baronial  messuage  of  Dollai^  with  the  manor  (the  mln  now 
called  Torchsstle)  (bereof,  (o  be  bolden  by  him  and  his  heint,  in  perpetu^  feu  and  beritsge,  with  all  its 
prtritqiet  uid  just  pertinents  ^latever,  in  bills,  plaint,  meadows,  pasturages,  moors,  manhea,  rtrouns. 


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480  ADDITIONAL   APPENDIX. 

U.0  reRpective  Air  our  enlirea  to  be  bind  and  oblised  for  the  better  reliefof  the  Mid  Robert  Cmnff^ 
of  Altyr  (hat  our  hole  men,  tenents,  aervants,  indwellera  upon  oar  laadB,  ronmes,  and  poaMnioMi 
aa  ftlao  the  hole  peraoDs  of  onr  nunes,  descended  of  our  families  whererer  they  dwell,  sail  caait 
no  murtber  deforcement  of  menaengers,  raiffe,  theift,  recept  of  tbeifl,  depredations  open  and  avow- 
ed, fyreraising  upon  deadly  feid  or  ony  other  deids  contrtur  to  the  acts  of  Parlemcnt  onder  the 
penalty  of  2,000  merks  Scots  money,  besyda  the  redressing  and  repairing  of  all  parties  «fcffftln»^j 
and  farther  that  we  ehall  exhibit  and  produce  before  the  said  Robert  Cuming  or  the  Comuell  or 
jostices  ony  of  our  men,  tenents,  servants,  indvellers,  one  onr  land  ronmea  or  possessions  or  ony 
of  name  descended  of  our  families  vrhenever  we  sal  be  called  (k  lawfully  somoned  for  yt  efiect 
under  the  failie  forsd,  and  for  the  more  security  we  are  content  thir  presentis  be  insert  in  ony 
buiks  competent  within  this  nation  that  all  execution  neoesaar  may  pass  hereupon  ane  simple 
charge  of  1$  dayes  allenarly  and  to  that  effect  makes  and  coostituteB  our  law- 

ful prois.  to  consent  hereunto — In  witness  whereof  ihir  presenttis  wrytlen  be  William  Coming 
of  Craigmiln  and  subscribed  with  our  hands  at  Altyr  the  23d  day  of  Deer.  1672  years. — JtAin 
Cuming  of  Logic,  Jo,  Cumyng  of  UUaval,  James  Cumyng  of  Doliosbracblie,  John  Fraser  of  Craig- 
roy,  D.  Grant  of  Cure,  R.  C.  James  Cumyng  ofPhorp,  Alexr.  Cumyng  of  Blackhills,  William 
Cuming  of  Craigmiln,  George  Cuming  of  Meickle  Branchell,  Duncan  Grant  of  Litde  BrancheU. 

No.  LXVI. — Extracts  from  the  Baron  Court-Book  of  Altyre. 

BtRRON  Court  of  Altyr,  holden  at  the  Milntown  yrof,  be  the  Right  Hon.  Atexr.  Cuming  of  Altyr. 
and  Robert  Cuming  of  Relugas,  his  Bailzie,  upon  the  twentieth-second  day  of  June,  16B8  years. 


lakes,  hnnlings  and  hawkh))^  in  courts  and  court-dues,  and  forreiturea  in  the  marchets  of  tlie  women, 
(See  Bailky's  Dietionary),  and  hereldi,*  peat  and  turf  privilegM,  doT&«alta,  Tabbet-wBrreau.  woods 
and  groves,  to  be  holden  as  quietly,  fully,  and  honourably,  as  1  the  said  William  tiave  held  the  Kud 
mCMuage  of  onr  Lord  die  King,  or  ai  sny  other  meaausge  of  tlie  kingdom  it  botden,  he,  or  hn  bein, 
paybg  to  me,  or  to  my  bein,  alx  merls  of  silver  of  ttie  nsnal  money  of  Scotland,  st  two  termi  of  tha 
year, — namely,  (he  one-half  at  the  feast  of  Whitsunday,  and  die  other  at  the  feast  of  St  Martin,  for 
every  kind  of  service.,  cuitom,  or  exaction.  And  I  the  aatd  William,  and  my  heirs,  irarrant  (be  laid 
baronial  metani^e,  as  above  expressed,  SKsJnst  all  mortals ;  and  If  it  sbould  liappen,  which  Ood  EMrUd, 
that  IoTmyhelrs,oranyotherlnmynao>e,  sbould  come  againat  this  my  gift,  I  obl^B  myself,  my  faelis, 
sad  aai^nees,  to  warrant  and  defend  the  laid  meaauage,  by  all  my  mDreBblei  and  Immoveables,  and 
qiecially  by  my  wfaole  landi  of  Park  of  Rait  to  the  nud  Thomas  Comyo.  In  testimony  whereof  I  have 
kI  my  own  ami,  with  my  own  bsnil,  to  this  deed ;  and  for  the  greater  evidence  and  security  iu  thb 
transaction,  I  have  also  procured  for  the  occasion,  the  seal  to  be  put  of  an  honourable  man,  John  Hay  of 
ftbyne,  belcire  dieie  witneases,— namely,  Alexander  Comyn  of  Eroside,  Mr  Andrew  Fores,  Vicar  of 
Elgyn,  Duncan  Alexander.  Borgeas  of  Elgyn,  with  several  others  a(  Elgin,  the  15th  day  of  Deconber, 
1460. 

*  An  old  term  mads  of  Hems,  a  bmdlord — and  Zeild,  the  Gothic  tens  for  a  gift ;  and  here  ueaaa 
one,  (he  mas(  valuable  of  (be  cattle,  dther  Ox,  Cow,  or  Horse  taken  by  the  Proprietor,  hi  these  primi- 
tive  and  purer  Oo^  (ones,  from  the  bmUyof  the  tenant  on  his  death  1  The  parent  of  tbepveaaat 
Lspcy  Taxadoa. 


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ADDITIONAL  APPENDIX.  487 

-  The  ume  day  H  U  slatue  and  ordoimt,  that  ilk  tenant  and  grassmaD  within  the  faarroiue  of 
Altyr,  fiimisb  himaelfwith  ane  sufficient  sword  and  gun  'twixt  the  date  hereof  and  the  10th  day 
August  next  to  come,  under  Tailzie  of  ten  libs  of  Scots  money. 

Item,  it  is  statute  and  oidoinit  that  no  tennant,  or  graseman,  accept  of  any  servant  or  servitrix 
to  his  senice  from  any  other  parioch,  without  suSicieot  testimonials  from  the  pl«ce  from  whence 
■hey  came,  under  the  pain  of  fyre  libs.  Scots  money. 

'  The  said  day,  John  Macpherson,  lawful  aone  to  tbe  deceast  James  Macpherson,  some  time  in 
Bellatmore,  within  the  parioch  of  Kingussie,  in  Badenoch,  being  indicted  for  his  theifteous  steal- 
ing and  Bway-takeing  of  ane  gray  meir  from  off  the  greens  of  Altyr,  upon  the  nyntinth  day  of 
June  instant,  under  cloud  and  silence  of  night,  with  which  he  was  apprehencjed,  upon  the  twen. 
tieth  day  of  this  same  moneth,  ane  mylne,  or  thereby,  above  Lochdorb,  and  having  confest  the 
same  in  judgement,  and,  further,  was  sufficientlie  proven  be  Eeverall  famous  .ritnesses  admitted 
and  sworn  for  clearing  of  the  persona  of  assyse,  by  reason  of  the  pannel's  youth ;  and  the  assys- 
ers  finding  the  pannel  gniltie,  both  be  his  own  confesaion  and  witnesses  depositions,  did  remit 
him  to  the  Judges'  will ;  and  the  Judges  takeing  the  premiEses  (o  their  serious  consideratiou,  ap- 
points the  pannel  to  be  scoui^ed  twixt  the  Miltown  of  Altyr  and  Corstown,  be  the  hand  of  John 
Gowie,  lockman,  to  the  great  effusion  of  his  blood,  and  to  be  banished  out  of  all  the  bounds 
wherein  the  Laird  of  Altyr  is  concerned,  and  never  to  return  under  pain  of  death,  not  being 
capable  of  further  sentence  by  reason  of  hia  youthhead,  and  the  sentence  to  be  presenllte  put  to 


Judieiall  Confeation—John  M'GillichaUom  and  Evnn  AFGrigor,  Theiffi  at  Altyr,  Sep.  16,  1697. 
Bakron  Court  of  the  Barronnie  of  Altyre,  holden  near  the  place  (hereof  be  the  Right  Hon.  Alexr. 
Cuming  of  Altyr,  and  William  Cuming,  younger  of  Craigmiln,  his  bailzie,  upon  tbe  sixtlntb  day 
of  September,  1697  yeirs. 

The  said  day  Ewin  Macgrigor  servitor  to  Alexr.  Cuming  In  Blairs,  and  John  Moi^lichallom, 
another  of  his  servants,  being  accused  upon  theaccount  of  theift,  and  the  sd  Magillichallom  being 
examined  in  tbe  Irish  tongue  be  James  Mackerris  in  Loggie  who  was  solemnlie  sworn  to  be  ane 
faithful  interpreter,  and  admitted  to  be  the  said  pannell  for  yt  effect  The  said  Jon  Macgillichal. 
lorn  acknowledged  that  be  and  the  said  other  pannell  went  to  Jannet  Sinclairs  house  in  Bory- 
head  upon  the  10th  day  of  August  last  by  past,  under  cloud  and  silence  of  night,  and  did  steall 
oat  thereof  two  pieces  of  cloatfa,  onegrof  linnen,  and  the  other  twidling,  and  brought  them  to  tbe 
Blairs  and  hid  them  in  tbe  com  and  then  went  to  Forres  mercat,  being  the  next  day,  to  meet  with 
bis  brother  William  Macgillichallom,  Millert  at  tbe  mitn  of  Culmannie,  and  left  l^win  Mai^rigor 
to  keep  the  cloalh,  and  having  met  with  his  brother,  be  brought  his  brother  to  the  Blairs,  and  de. 
livered  both  the  pieces  of  cloalh  to  tbe  said  brother,  and  told  him  that  he  had  stolen  them,  who 
carried  the  cloatb  alongst  with  him,  which  cloalh  we  presented  in  judgement,  and  acknowledges 
be  tbe  said  Macgillicbaltom. 

Ewin  Macgrigor  being  examined  declaired  sicult  alter,  and  that  the  sd  Macgillichallom  was 
contryveing  with  him  to  have  brocken  John  Ilendrie's  house  to  have  stolen  oat- meal,  siklyke  ac- 
knowledged to  have  stoUen  ane  lide  kebback  of  cbeise  from  Alexr  Cuming's  wife  the  last  year, 
and  that  the  sd  Macgillichallom  by  his  advice,  wilb  John  Gordon  servitor  to  Presley,  in  June 
lut  by  past  did  rob  ane  be^ar  in  the  wood  of  Loggie,  and  look  from  him  twenlie  shilling  Scots 

6  H 


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488 


ADDITIONAL   APPENDIX. 


(IT  yrby,  and  yt  (be  sd  Et*tn  wes  to  h&ve  ^tten  bis  shear  yrof,  bnt  got  ame  yrot  la  mpect'  lli« 
beggar  got  back  his  money.  Tbe  stud  John  MacgillichnUom  lykeways  aoVnowledgn  to  Imv« 
intention  to  break  John  Hendrie's  house  as  the  other  ptmnell  declaired,  and  that  he  had  brodEcA 
Alafiter  Keronch's  house  in  Achabeyacfain  in  the  parroch  of  Ardclach,  and  took  oat  yrof  four 
kebbacks  of  cheise  since  Whitsonday  last,  and  that  he  had  hyred  another  serrant  to  serve  Alar. 
Cuming  till  be  should  return. 

ThisjudiciallconressionweamadebetbeadspannellB  in  presence  of  the  sds  judges,  mhI  ainw 
in  presence,  George  and  Thomas  Muirsons,  Geo.  Raff,  Andro  Fortytli,  Jon  Hay,  Thomas  Col- 
der, Andro  Layng,  Alexander  Barron,  Patrick  Gawaus,  James  Muirsoo,  and  John  Hmdrie,  att 
within  the  Barronie  of  Altyre,  and  Alexander  Cuming  of  Presley,  and  Rob.  Muirson, 

At  command  of  the  sds  pannels,  vho  cannot  write  themselves,  as  they  affirm,  I,  Rob.  Tallocb/ 
Nottar-Publick,  have  subt.  tbir  presents  for  them,  being  specillie  called  and  required  yito. 

RO.  TOLLOCB,  N.P. 

Tbe  judges  appoints  the  indictments  to  be  given  owre  this  day,  with  ane  list  of  the  assysers 
aind  witnesses  namcB. 


Duncan  Grant  of  Dollaabrochtie ; 
Johu  Cuming  of  Sluy  ; 
James  Mackerris  in  Lo^c ; 
John  Fraser  in  Glennemie ; 
James  Dunbar  in  Loggie  ; 
John  Macnockater,  yr. ; 
John  Vass  in  Ardoch ; 
Robert  Roy,  yr. ; 
Robert  Badon  in  Presley ; 
John  Roy  in  Muir ; 
David  M'Kerris  in  Drummynd  ; 
Iliomas  Harrell  there ; 
Alexr.  Ross  in  Petnisk ; 
David  M'Nockater,  yr. ; 
William  Cuming  in  Forp. ; 
Geo.  Russell,  yr. ; 
Alexr.  Cuming  in  Blaire; 
Geo.  Muirson  in  Corstoon ; 
Thomas  Muirson  in  Altyre ; 
James  Thomson  in  Kirktoun ; 
Peter  Gowanne,  yr. ; 
James  Campbell  in  Coldmyre ; 
James  Cuming  in  Wardend  ; , 


John  Taylior  in  Knockirie ; 

James  Dimcau  in  Stonniefoord  ; 

James  Smith  in  Newiyle ; 

Will.  Taylior,  yr. ; 

John  Duncan,  yr.; 

Will.  Naughtie,  yr. ; 

Geo.  Raff  in  Lodinavandocb ; 

Andrew  Forsylb,  yr.  j 

Rob.  Moirson,  yr. ; 

Dun.  Grant  in  Craigroy; 

Alexr.  Stronach  in  GaUowhill; 

Alexr.  Barron  in  Stronaveigh  ; 

James  Muirson,  yr. ; 

John  Hay,  yr, ; 

Tho.  Calder,  yr. ; 

Junes  Man,  yr. ; 

Norman  Murdoch  in  Altyre ; 

Alexr.  Harrell  in  BlackhiU ; 

John  Fraser  in  Tom-cork ; 

John  Fraser  in  Knockiefin ; 

John  Reach  in  Crai^y ; 

Duncan  Cuming  in  Frealey. 


BAiiRONCourtof  tbe  Barronie  of  Altyre,  holden  al  the  place  yrof  be  the  Right  Honourable  Alexr. 
Cuming  of  Altyr,  and  William  Cuming,  younger  of  Craigmiln,  his  boilzie,  upon  the  dtb  day  of 
October,  1697  yeirs. 

The  sd  day,  James  M'Kerris,  in  Ix^pe,  ia  admitted  and  sworn  interpreter,  in  respect  the  pan- 
Del  named  John  Macgillichallom  cannot  speak  but  in  tbe  Irish  tongue. 


Duncan  Grant  of  Dollaabrochtie ; 
John  Cuming  of  Sluy ; 
James  Dunbar  in  Lt^gie ; 
John  Vaaa  in  Ardoch ; 


John  Roy  in  Muir; 
David  Mackerris  in  Drummyiid  j 
William  Cumii^  in  Forp ; 
Geo.  Russell,  yr. ; 


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ADDITIONAL   APPENDIX.  480 

Geo.  Hnirson  ia  Contown ;  John  Taylor  in  Knockerie ; 

Thomas  Muiraon  in  Aityr ;  Geo.  Rail  in  Lochnavandoch ; 

James  Thomson  in  Kirkloun;  Norraan  Murdoch  in  Altjrr. 
Patrick  GowanB,  yr; 

John  Mogillichollom  pannell,  being  examined  npon  the  poynts  of  the  above  written  indict- 
ment,  acknowledged  everie  par'lar  tliereof  except  the  Btealling  oFcheise  from  A]exr  Cnmin^, — 
therefore  the  judges  remits  the  same  to  the  knowledge  of  the  persons  of  inqoest  above  named. 

The  said  day  the  whole  persons  of  inquest  being  inclosed  a  pairt  be  themselves  unanimouslie 
(nemine  contradiccotc)  made  choyse  of  Duncan  Grant  of  DollasbrochtieChaDcelloT,  who  having 
taken  narrow  inspection  of  the  indictment  and  tfae  pannel,  his  own  confession,  finds  Ihe  pannell 
guiltie  of  theif  and  robberie,  and  referres  the  said  pannell  to  tfae  judges  will — and  the  said  Chan- 
cellor for  himself  and  in  name  and  behalf  of  the  remnant  persons  of  assyze  protests  to  be  free  of 
as&yze  of  error. 

Dc.  Grant,  Ck'lor. 

John  Macgillichallom  iheiff  and  robber  haveing  been  indicted  as  within  written,  and  ha^eing 
acknowledged  as  is  within  expresst,  the  persons  of  assyze  finding  him  guiltie,  the  sds  judges  ap- 
points and  decerns  the  said  pannell  to  be  hanged  upon  Teusdaynext  to  the  death,  upon  the  Gal- 
lowes  erected  upon  the  Gallowhill  of  Altyre,  and  yt  betwixt  the  hours  of  two  and  four  in  the  af- 
ternoon be  the  hands  of  John  Gowie,  publick  executioner,  and  this  is  given  to  him  for  doom. 

W.  CuHtNG. 
iNmcTHBNT  at  the  instance  of  Janet  Sincklar  in  Bougehead  of  Altyr,  with  concurrence  of  the  pror. 
pbiscall  for  his  Miyestie's  interest,  agaiiut  John  MacgillichaUom  and  Ewan  Macgrigoie^  servants 
to  Alexr.  Cuming  In  Blaira. 

You  the  saids  John  Macgillichallom  and  Ewan  Mac^gor  having  turned  regardless  off  the 
laws  of  almighty  God,  tfae  laws  of  this  and  aU  oyr  well-governed  natioDS,  and  yt  the  cryme  of 
ihift  and  recept  3rrof  is  expreaslie  forbiddine  and  dischali^ed,  as  being  distructive  to  the  propertie 
of  goods  qcb  the  laws  have  invested  everie  persone  with,  and  the  pains  of  death  by  the  uud  lawf , 
with  the  confiscation  of  goods,  ar  appoynted  to  be  inflicted  on  the  transgressors;  and  trew  it  is, 
and  of  veritie,  that  you  the  said  John  Macgillichallom  and  Ewan  M'Grigtv  haveing  cast  of  all 
fear  of  God,  or  regard  to  the  said  laws,  did  both  of  you  go  togitfaer  to  the  said  Janet  Sincklar 
here  hous,  upon  the  tenth  day  of  August  last  by-past,  under  cloude  and  silence  of  night,  and  did 
steal  out  thereof  two  webhs  off  cloalh,  on  grof  lining,  and  the  other  twidling,  and  carried  the  same 
alongtt  with  yoo  to  an  corn-field  belonging  to  the  sd  Alexr.  Cuming  your  Mr.,  and  faidd  the 
samen  amongst  the  come,  untill  you  sould  have  opportunitie  to  dispose  of  them, — which,  efler- 
wards,  you  delivered  them  to  William  M'Giliichaltom,  Miller  at  tbe  Milne  of  Culmauie,  to  have 
bein  sold  for  your  behdffs,  which  at  dackcringing  was  found  in  his  hous,  and  presented  upon 
the  sextein  day  of  September  instant  in  judgment,  and  lykwayea  accknowledged  by  yon  to  be 
the  verie  cloath  you  did  steAl  from  the  said  Janet  Sincklar.  Sicklykforyoursteallingofsaverall 
cabacks  of  cbeise  from  Alexr.  Cuming  your  Mr.,  and  Alister  Carronacb  in  Achabdochine,  in  the 
parrochin  of  Ardclach.  Besyde  you  are  guiltie  of  the  horide  cryme  of  Roberie,  by  robbing  an 
beiger  in  the  woode  of  Lougie,  and  taking  from  him  tweotie  shilling,  Scots  money,  or  yrby, 
Lyckwayes  you  have  acckuowledged  that  you  desyned  and  intendit  to  have  broken  Jon  Hendriea 


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490  ADDITIONAL  APPENDIX. 

hooB  in  BongByde,  and  to  have  stoUen  out  yrof  both  oatm-meall  and  money.  Besyde  you  nr 
guiltie  of  many  oiher  attroUous  crymes  of  tbift  and  other  wiUanies,  and  are  persones  of 
and  comoD  fame  and  hes  bein  transgressors  of  the  ade  laws  by  comitling  of  the  foisaid  acta  of 
thift  and  robberie  and  therefor  the  pains  and  penalties  of  the  said  laws  ought  to  be  inflicted  upon 
you  to  the  example  of  others  not  to  comitle  the  lyck  in  tyme  coming.  Wherfor  commilte  yoor 
sonles  to  God,  and  yoar  bodies  to  be  disposed  of  by  the  judge. 

No.  LXVII. — Copy  of  Robert  Lauder  of  QuarreltwocCa  Charter. 

Omntbcs  banc  caitam  visuris  rel  auditaris  Robertus  de  Lawedre  Miles,  dominoade  le  Quarelwood 
in  Moravia,  salutem  in  domino  sempitemam.  Scialis  me  dedisse,  concessisse,  et  hac  pmsenti 
carta  mea  confinnasse,  dilecto  consanguineo  meo  Thome  deBorlbnyk  totam  terram  infra  Burgum 
de  Lawedre  me  qu^iterconque  contingente  una  cum  duabns  paniculis  Terre  raralis,  ridelicet 
qnascunque  acnis  super  saltum  de  Troblaw  ex  parte  orientali  dicii  Baigi,  et  alias  quascimqne 
acras  ei  parte  occidenlali  ejusdem  jacentea,  cum  toflis  et  crof\is  et  aliis  pertinentiU  quibuscnnque, 
tenendas  et  habendaa  dictas  terras  prsedicto  Thome  de  Borthwyk  heredibus  auis  et  aais  aasigna- 
tis,  a  me  et  beredibua  meis  sine  alio  retenimento  in  perpetuum  ;  cum  omnibus  juribus.  libertati- 
bus,  comoditatibuB,  et  aysiamentis,  tam  in  Bur^o  quam  extra,  tam  non  notatis  quam  notalis,  ad 
dictas  terras  spectontibuB,  sen  quoque  modo  sp«>ctare  valendbna  in  futurum.  Reddendo  modo 
annualym  prefatus,  beredes  sui,  et  sui  assignati,  capttali  domino,  servitia  debila  et  consueta,  eiiam 
pro  omnibus  aliis  seiridia,  consaetudinibus,  exactionibua  secularibus,  et  demandis,  que  de  dicits 
tenis  peti  potuerint  aut  requid.  £t  ^;o  Robertus  de  Lawedre  predictus,  et  heredea  mei  prsdicti, 
Thome  et  heredibus  suis,  et  suis  assignatis,  tolas  terras  in  omnibus  et  per  omnia,  ut  supradictum 
est,  contra  omnes  homines  et  feminas  warantizabimus,  ooqnietabimus,  et  iu  perjietuiim  defeade- 
mns.  In  cujus  rei  testimonium,  presenti  carte  sigiUum  meum  apposoi  hils  testibus,  reverendia 
In  deo  tribus  dominis  Willielmo,  WiUielmo,  et  '&o%tta,  del  gratia  Monasticonim  de  Caleow, 
MelroB,  et  Dryburgh  Abbatibiis,  Jobaiuie  de  Maulalent  domino  de  Tbyrlstane,  Willielmo  Mania, 
lent,  Willielmo  de  Newbigyng,  Alano  de  Lawedre,  Thoma  de  Hoppringyll,  WiUielmo  Colvyle, 
Andrea  Gray,  Roberto  filio  Alani  tunc  Ballio  de  Lawedre,  et  multis  aliis.* 


'  In  the  above,  aa  in  dhmI  of  ttie  charters  of  the  time,  viz.  that  of  Robert  tlie  II.  the  letter  e  is  always 
used  instead  of  the  diplhaag.  Calcow  is  Kelso  of  models  orlbogTaphr>  The  MaulaJents  who  witacn 
the  charter,  are  the  ancestors  of  the  Earls  of  Lauderdale  vrho  prove  the  existoice  of  Jofan  de  Maulalent 
by  reference  to  this  very  parchment,  (Vide  Douglas'  Peer^e  Vol.  II.  article,  Lauderdale,  p,  64.)  The 
Lauders  were  hereditaiy  Bailies  of  I^odeidale,  an  office  which  seems  at  this  time  to  have  beai  rested 
in  the  person  of  Robert  Lauder  the  ion  of  Alan,  then  a  very  young  man. 

The  purport  of  this  charter,  without  insertuf;  here  the  full  style  of  the  original,  is,  that  Ikibert  of 
Lawedre,  Knight,  the  proprietor  of  Quarrel  wood  in  Moray,  makes  an  heritable  grant  to  fail  cousin,  Thome 
of  Bortbwyke,  of  his  whole  ground  within  the  Burgh  of  Lawedre,  with  two  parcel*  of  the  rural  land, 
namely,  whatever  acres  he  had  beyond  the  woodof  Troblaw,  eastward  of  the  Bargfa,  and  whafeverother 
acres  he  had  westward  thereof,  with  all  die  rigbtt,  liberties,  commodities,  and  privileges,  within  and 
without  the  Burgh,  named,  and  not  named,  for  the  performance  only  of  the  due  and  cuKtomary  atteml- 
^■ce  ot  service  to  the  grantor,  with  tile  tutBcient  wananty.  In  testimony  whenof  be  put  his  seal  to  Ibe 


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ADDITIONAJ,  APPEMDIX.  491 

TRAFALGAR  TOWKR  AT  FORRES. 

Tbb  hiO  oo  which  ia  erected  this  splendid  monument  to  the  memory  of  deputed  patriotism  and 
brsreiy,  was  originally  the  property  oHbe  Town  of  Forres ;  and  had,  for  time  immemorial,  been 
appropriated  for  the  benefit  and  recreation  of  the  community  in  general. 

For  a  lengthened  succeaeion  of  generations,  this  interesting  spot  bad  been  permitted  to  revel 
nndistiubed  amid  all  the  wildness  of  Inxoriant  Nature ;  but,  towards  the  commencement  of  the 
pieacmt  century,  the  propriety  and  utility  of  endeavouring  to  render  it  still  more  beautiful,  and 
oaaier  of  access, — occurred  to  the  minds  of  a  few  indinduals.  Their  sentiments  on  the  subject 
were  communicated  to,  and  were  immediately  adopted  by  others ;  and  the  whole  population  of 
Forres,  from  the  creeping  school-boy  to  the  man  decrepit  with  old  age,^ — simultaneoualy  en. 
gaged  with  the  most  intense  enthusiasm,  in  the  formation  of  excellent  foot-paths  and  carriage 
roads/  in  a  placft  which  had  been  heretofore  almost  impassable.  Ever  since  that  period  tbe 
Cloven  hills  have  been  the  favourite  place  of  resort  to  all  classes  of  tbe  dommunity;  and  we  have 
no  hesitation  in  affirming,  that,  in  so  far  as  it  r^ards  variety,  beauty,  and  extent  of  scenery,  there 
is  not  one  single  acceauble  spot  in  this  part  of  tbe  coootry — perhaps  not  in  Scotland — that  com. 
mands  an  equally  interesting  prospect 

Among  the  many  brilUant  and  important  achievements  which  characterised  the  exertion  of  Bri- 
tish power,  dnring  the  dawning  of  the  nineteenth  century,  the  ever-memorable  victory  of  Trafal- 
gar, is,  perhaps,  entitied  to  occupy  the  most  prominent  place.  Tbe  inhabitants  of  Forres,  imme- 
diately <m  recuving  tlie  intelligence  of  the  result  of  this  battie,  onsnimously  resolved  to  comme- 
morate, by  the  Erection  of  a  splendid  monnment,  the  invaluable  services  of  the  illustrious  Nelson, 
who,  in  the  course  of  that  engagement,  bad  nobly  expired  in  bis  coontiy's  cause ;  and  the  pe. 
culiar  advantages  which  this  part  of  the  Cloven  bills  possessed,  led  them  to  regard  it  as  the  most 
eligiUe  Bite  for  the  contemplated  magnificent  superstructure. 

Tbe  inhabitants  of  Forres,  considered  as  a  body,  have  long  been  eminently  distinguished  for 
their  public  spirit;  and  were  there  no  other  instance  of  it  on  record,  this  splendid  monument  to  tbe 
memory  of  departed  excellence,  wotdd,  of  itself,  be  a  sufficient  passport  to  transmit  their  names 
to  an  btmourable  immortali^.  To  have  witnessed  the  spirited  inhabitants  of  a  small  town,  in  a 
secluded  portion  of  tbe  empire,  successfully  competing  with  the  opulent,  influential,  and  teeming 
population  of  its  larger  southern  cities, — in  their  exertions  to  pay  a  suitable  and  permanent  tri- 
bute to  the  memory  of  a  distinguiabed  benefactor  of  their  country, — must  have  been  a  spectacle 
irresistibly  calculated  to  eicUe  tbe  highest  admiration  in  every  individual  who  beheld  it 


charter,  the  witnenes  being  three  reverend  nuuten  in  tbe  Lord,  William,  William,  and  Roger,  by  die 
favaarafGod,  tbe  Abbots  of  the  MoDuteriet  of  KeUo,  Melrose,  and  Drybaigh,  John  of  Hautaknt,  pro- 
prietor of  Tbyrlstaee,  William  Mautalent  William  of  Newbiggiog,  Allan  of  Lawedre,  Tbomasof  Hop- 
pringyll,  William  of  Colvyle,  Andrew  Gray,  Robert,  son  of  Allan,  dten  BtHie  of  Lawedre,  and  many 
olben. 

6  I 


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403  ADDITIONAL   APPENDI^t. 

TrafeJgax  Tower,  as  has  already  been  menticmed,  ia  eitutited  on  one  of  the  Cloven  hilla,  at  tbe 
east  end  of  Fonea.  Il  is  an  octagonal  building  of  three  atories,  with  amall  Gothic  windows, 
covered  with  a  flat  leaden  platform,  massive  stone  parapet  with  embrasures  Kroimd,  and  sor- 
mounted  by  a  flagstaff,  rising  from  the  centre  of  tbe  platform,  and  braced  by  cordage,  bolls,  and 
pullieB,'to  theaidea  of  the  parapet  similar  to  the  mast  of  a  ship.  The  different  stories  are  fitted 
np  in  a  plain  style  as  comfortable  rooms, — which,  tc^ether  with  the  platform,  are.  accesaiUe  by  a 
spiral  stone  stair.  The  utmost  precaution  was  observed  in  the  construction  of  every  part  of  tbe 
edifice,  and  more  particolarly  in  laying  tbe  foundation,  which  is  almost  solid  for  several  feet  uik- 
der  tbe  surface,  and  is  of  tbe  largest  stones  that  coold  be  procured.  The  diameter  of  the  Tower, 
over  wall,  is  24  feel,],and  the  height  above  ground  is  66  feet — the  whole  presenting  a  grand  and 
imposing  appearance. 

In  answer  to  a  petition  agreed  on  by  a  general  meeting  of  the  sabscrihers  to  this  monument, 
and  presented  to  the  Magistrates  and  Town-Council,  requesting  a  sufficiency  of  ground  dh  the 
summit  of  the  Ooven  hills  for  the  foundation  and  site  of  the  building, — the  Magistrates  and 
Town-Council  granted  thfe  foUowiog  deliverance : — 

At  Forres,  the  first  day  of  March,  1806. — In  ameetiagof  the  Town-Council  of  the  said  Boi^. 
the  Council  authorized  Bailie  CarmichaeQ  to  subscribe  on  behalf  of  tbe  Town,  the  sum  of  £10 
lOt.  sterling,  towarda  erecting  a  Monumcmt  to  the  memory  of  tbe  late  Admiral  Lord  Viscount 
Nelson,  intended  to  be  built,  by  public  subscription,  on  tbe  summit  ftf  the  Cloven  Hills ;  and 
appointed  the  Treasurer  to  make  payment  of  said  sum  to  Mr  Carmichael  when  called  for,  tor  the 
above  purpose — and  that  over  and  above  any  trifling  espence  already  incurred  in  making  the 
public  roods  or  walks  upon  sud  hills.  And  in  answer  to  a  Petition  presented  this  day,  by  m 
Committee  of  Subscribers  for  carrying  on  the  building  of  said  Mcmmnait,  tbe  Council  appointed 
a  Deliverance  to  be  granted  thereon, — giving,  and  in  perpetuity  granting,  to  the  whole  subscribers 
in  particular,  and  to  the  whole  community  of  the  Burgh  of  Fwres  in  general,  a  right  to  build  the 
s^d  Monument  upon  the  most  eligible  spot  or  part  of  said  hills — to  make  soitaUe  roads  thereto 
— and  grant  a  perpetual  right  of  servitude  in  favour  of  the  sud  subscribers  and  commontty,  to 
use  the  said  Monument  and  roads  thereto,  for  tbe  purpose  of  recreation  and  amusement,  in  all 
time  coming.     Signed  in  presence  and  by  appointment  of  Council,  by 

Aixm.  FfUBBR,  BuUit. 

TABLE 

Of  the  Schoolmasferg,  with  their  Salaries,  and  the  present  Church 
Patrons,  of  all  the  Parishes  in  the  Province  of  Moray. 

Kach  of  the  Parochial  Schoolmasters  is  entitled  to  a  bouse  and  garden,  or  an  allowance  in 
Ueu  of  them — except  where  the  Heritors  allow  a  salary  of  600  merks,  and  divide  it  among  several 
Teachers,  as  in  Knockando,  in  the  Presbytery  of  Aberlonr, — in  Urquhart,  in  the  Presbytery  of 
Abertajf— and  Cromdole,  in  the  Presbytery  of  Abemethy.  In  Cromdale,  however,  houses  have 
been  supplied  by  tbe  Tenantry  of  the  three  districts  to  thdr  Teachers  respectively. 


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ADDITIONAL   APPENDIX. 


493 


In  tbe  royal  bnrgbs  of  El|:m,  Forres,  and  InTemess,  the  Teachers,  witli  the  exception  of  tbe 
Rector  of  the  Inremess  Academy,  have  neither  honses  nor  gardens. 
The  Cfaarch  Patrons  are  arranged  in  the  Inst  column  opposite  the  respectiTe  Parishes. 


PariA.      SchoolniMtrav. 


Salaries  &c. 


Chnrch  Patrooi. 


Presbytery  of  Strathbogie. 

\Ita.  Kinnaird  ml.  6».  G\d.  jCrown. 

[James  Milne    12/.  10«.  and  14hol'lsof  Mea),  and  10/.  as  JDoke  of  Gordon. 
j    gratuity  from  the  Duke  of  Gordon.  I 

Presbytery  of  Aberlour. 


Hothes 

James  Dean 

40Umerks. 

[BariofSeafield. 

Knockando 

J.Maclean,  1st 

300  ditto. 
JOOdo. 

m. 

Do. 

Boharm 

George  Gray 

Earl  of  Fife  and  Crown. 

Abertonr 

Geo.  Gilzean  \s\l.  2i.  2H- 

E:arlofFife. 

Inveravon 

EorlofSeafield. 

Presbytery  of  Abemethy. 

Kirkmichael 

C.M'PhereoD 

VJl.  7..  8i«f. 

EarlofSeafield, 

Cromdale 

James  M-Kay 

UOOmerks. 

Do. 

Wm.  Gordon 

200  ditto. 

J.  M'Kenzie 

aoodo. 

Abemethy 

W.  M'Donald 

16/.  t3«.  id. 

EariofS«afield. 

DuthU 

Wm.  Dunbar 

m.  13».  U. 

do. 

Alvie 

A.  Anderson 

m. 

Doke  of  Gordon. 

Kingussie     A.  Rutherford 

400  merks. 

Do. 

Presbytery  of  Elgin. 

Speymonth 

lames  Heard 

300  merks  from  Heritor,  inL  of  200  merka  of 

EorlofMorayandSirW. 

Mort.  2J  b.BearfromFeuarsofGarmouth 

G.  Gumming  of  Altyre. 

Urquhart 

James  Cooper 

14  b.  3  f.  3  p.  Barley  paid  by  Heritor,  8  b.  1  p 
by  Tenants,  and  12  bolls  Meal  on  a  Mort 

Earl  of  Fife. 

8t  Andrews 

lames  Donald 

200  merks,  16  b.  Bear  from  Heritors,  and  a 

Carnegie  of  Spynie  and 

Mortification  of  25  meiks. 

Earl  of  Moray. 

Bfanie 

lohn  Wink 

16/.  13*.  4d. 

Earl  of  Moray. 

Elgin 

Wm.  Dnguid 

40/.'       ' 

Crown. 

Peter  Meraon 

35/; 

Alex.BranBby 

35f. 

Dndnie 

Peter  Dnnio 

13/.17«.9t<f.andl2b.Bear,MorLori/.ster. 

Gumming  of  Altyre. 

Duffna 

I<An  Kiach 

460  merks. 

Sir  Archibald  Dunbar. 

New  Spynie 

J.  M-Kimmie 

121.  and  8  bolls  Bear. 

''^sTu^r'- 

Alvea 

Geo.  Wilson 

\&l.  13».  4(/.  and  8  bolls  Bear. 

Presbytery  of  Forres. 

Kinloss 

James  White 

16/.  19..  9i</..  7  b.  1  f  2  pecks.  Barley. 
6/.  19».  Id.,  14{  bolls  Barley. 

Earl  of  Moray  &  Lethin. 

RaiTord 

David  MiUer 

Brodie  of  Burgle. 

DollBB 

James  Young 

400  merks. 

Cumming  of  Altyre. 
Barl  of  Moray. 

Forres 

A.  Urquhart 

m. 

John  Moir 

30/. 

EdinkiUie 

Th08.  Donald 

20^.  6.. 

Do. 

Dyke 

Alexr.  Smitb 

10/.  9*.  »(/.,  and  14  b.  2  f.  1  p.  3  1.  of  Bear 
Mort.  inlereatof  1000  merks,  2/.  \6».  t\d 

Crown  and  Grant  of  Moy, 

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4^ 


ADDITIONAL  APPENDITC. 


Parish.       Schoolmasters. 


Church  PatFODt. 


Presbytery  of  Nairn. 


Ardclacfa 

Alex.Falconeri400  merka. 

BrodieofBarTte. 

BrodieofBrodie. 

Aoldearn 

J.G.M'Kenzie 

121.  10*.,  (including  allowance  for  Garden) 

9  b.  2  f.  2  p.  Oatmeal,  6  b.  1  f.  2  p.  Barley 

Nairn 

Jaa.  Simpson 

200  merka  and  16  bolls  Barley. 

Do. 

John  Smith 

400  merks. 

Lord  Cawdor. 

Calder 

John  Mitchell 

Ml.  a..  2d.  8i  bolls  Meal,  and  8  b.  Barley. 

Do. 

Croy 

Jaa.  Falconer 

12/.  6..  Md..  and  Ifi  bolls  of  Meal. 

KUravock  and  L.  Cawdor. 

Presbytery  of  Invemese. 

Moy 
Daviot 

MadntoBhofGeddn. 
Crown  and  Lord  Cawdor. 

J.  M'GiUivray 

16/! 

Petty 

DoDald  Clark 

ISO  merks,  and  12  bolla  Meal. 

Earl  of  Moray. 

Matth.  Adam 

50/. 

Crown  and  LovaL 

P.  Scott 

40/.,  and  30/.  to  an  Assistant 

John  Clark 

30/. 

Joumet 

30/. 

John  Cumiog 

30/. 

Dorea 

T.  Davidson 

400  merks. 

Lord  Cawdor. 

Kirkliill 

HughFraser 

300  merks. 

PraserofLorat 

Kiltarlity 

Donald  Fraaer 

1 8  boUs  Barley. 

Do. 

Presbytery  of  Abertarf. 


Urquhart 

James  Fraser 

300  merka. 

EariofSeafield. 

rahnM'Intosh 

160  ditto. 

0.  M'Kenzie 

150  do. 

Boleskin£ 

D.Williamson 

400  merks. 

F'raserofLoTat 

Lagpm 

D.  M- Arthur 

22/.  14*.  5id. 

Duke  of  Gordon. 

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INDEX. 


Abbey, 

of  EinloBB 

Aberloare,  Parish  of 

— Preabytery  of 

Abernethy,  Pariah  of 

• PrcBbytery  of 

Abertarf,  Presbytery  of 
Aldem,  Parish  of 
Alves,  Parish  of 

Alvie,  

Ard  clach, 

Ardersier, 

Arts  and  Sci«iicee,  Progress  of 


Badenach,  MaciDtosh  of 

Macpherson  of 

Barrons,  Boll  of 

Battles, 

Battle  at  Forres, 

Bu^us, 

Mortlich, 


«pey. 


-Spe] 
-Urqi 


Urquhart, 
— InTemahaTon, 
—Perth, 
— Dnnnoacouh, 
—Elgin, 

— Clachnacharie, 
— Cean-Loch-Locbie, 
-— Glenlivat, 
—Aid  em, 
— Cromdale, 
— InTemess, 
— Culloden, 


Bellie,  Parish  of 
Bimie,  Parish  of 
Bishopric  of  Moray,  Rental  of  thi 

B«venues  of  the 

Bishops  of  Moray, 

Bishop's  Palace, 

. at  Kenedar, 


Bahann,  Parish  of 


—at  Spynie, 


Page. 

Sflfi 

ib. 

ti] 

366 

363 

fid 

:i7(l 

3fiM 

403 

im 

391 

m 

3H4 

If 

:j71 

VAt 

391 

m 

393 

216 

fi9 

72 

235 

2d4 

ib. 

ib. 

2fi7 

SftH 

?fl» 

2fil 

ib. 

afia 

353 

364 

265 

afifi 

18 

19 

'0 

^2 

i« 

7 

iS 

:i23 

354 

321 

•.m 

ib. 

40 

365 

Boleslcm,  Parish  of 
Brodie,  Family  of 

Bui^h  of  Invemess, 

Elgin, 

Nairn, 

Burghs  of  Barony, 


Calder,  Family  of 

Parish  of 

Cathedral  Church, 
Castle  Grant, 
Castles, 

Castle  at  Dntfus, 
itaite. 


— Ruthven, 

— Lochindorb, 
Christianity,  Introduction  of  into  Scotland, 
Civil  Govermneat, 

Clergy,  305,  336, 

Climate, 
CoU^, 
Commerce, 
Convents, 
Counties, 
County  of  Inverness, 

Nairn, 

Moray, 

Courts, 

Craig-EUacbie,  Bridge  of 

Cuming,  Family  of 


Dallas,  Parish  of  92, 

Daviot,  Parish  of  68, 

Dialect, 

Diocese  of  Moray,  Government  of  the 

Worship  of  the 

Circles  of  the 

Cams  of  the 

Sotemnities  of  the 

Sacrifices  and  Ceremonies  of  the 


ib. 
ib. 


6  K 


y  Google 


4S6 


UniidB,  Temples  of  the 

Literati  of  the 

Deities  of  the 

Dnff,  Family  of 
Ihiffbs,  Moraya  of 

Puish  of 

DufitowD, 
Dunbar,  Family  of 
Dtuibar  of  ThundertCHi, 
Danduroos,  Parish  of 
Dofiia,  Parish  of 
DUlhil,  Parish  of 
Dyke,  Parish  of 


IBdinkyDie,  Parish  of 
Elgin,  Pariah  of 
Preabyteiy  of 


Forrea,  Parish  of 

■    Presbytery  of 

— Obelisk  at 

Frian,  Black 

Grey 

— ; —  Gray  Sister 
Frith, 

Fona  Royal 
Fort  at  Flgii' 

— ,.  ,.:_  FOTTCT, 

Num. 

■  —     lovemess, 
■  Urquhart. 

Oliver's  Fort, 
Fort  Geoi^  at  loveraesa. 
Fort  Au^rustDs, 
Fort  Geor^  at  Ardenier, 


Oarmonth,  Till)^  of 
Gordon,  Family  of 
QordonatOD,  Family  of 
Orant  of  Grant,  Family  of 
Grantoim,  Village  of 


Inprorementa, 
IntMbitanla, 
Innes,  Family  of 
Inveiallon,  Parish  of 
InvenMM,  Presbytery  of 


171,  397 

J 

Jurisdtctions, 

231 

Justice  Coorta, 

K 
Kenedar,  Parish  of 

334 

93,  380 

Kilmani^acb,  Parish  of 

187 

Kiltarlatie,  Parish  of 

198,403- 

Kineusie  and  Inch,  Pariah  of 

77,  a73 

KinloM,  Parish  of 

110,-385. 

Kiorara, 

78 

Kirk-Michael, 

M,  368- 

Knights  Baronets, 

96 

KiuKkudo,  Parish  of 

31,  364 

Ejaggan,  Parish  of 
Lander,  Family  of 
Lhanbride,  Parish  of 
Loaaiemouth.  Village  of 
Loyat,  Family  of 


Macdonald,  Family  of 
Maison  Diea,  Preceptory  of 
Manners, 
Military  Customs, 

Mines. 

Ministers  since  ihe  Reformatisn, 

Monumental  Inscription, 

Moray,  Earls  of 

Mortlich,  Parish  of 

Mounitiins, 

Moy,  Parish  of 

Munhloc,  Bishop  of 

N 

Nairn,  Parish  of 

Presbytery  of 

N«ss,  River  and  Loch  of 


903 
214 
274 
273 
202 


Fagaa  Church, 


y  Google 


497 


Period  First  of  the  Chorch,  332 

Second  of  the  Church,  333 

Third  of  ihe  Church.  335 

Fourth  of  the  Church,  336 

Fifth  of  Ihe  Church,  338 

Sixih  of  ihe  Church,  339 

Sevenih  of  the  Churcb,  34 1 

Petite,  Parish  of  170,  397 

Priories,  298 

Priory  at  Urquhari,  ib. 

Plnscarden,  299 

KiDgussie,  302 

Produce,  199 
Proprietors  who  at  preseot  pay  the  Pea- 

DutiesoflbeBishopticof Moray,  3S9 

R 

Rafford,  Parish  of  1 14,  386 

Rarities,  208 

Religion,  State  of  406 

Rwe  of  Kilrnvock,  Family  of  109 

Rolhes,  Parish  of  SO,  363 

Rotfaiemurcbus,  Parish  of  64 

RotbiemuTchos,  Family  of  Gjont  of  ib. 


RolhiemurcboB,  Family  of  Shaw  of 


Spey,  Bridgre  of  IJ 

River  of  10   , 

Speymouth,  Parish  of  7»fc  373 

Spynie.  Parish  of  102,  388 

Spynie,  Loch  of  108 

St  Andrews,  Parish  of  101,  380 

St  Xicholas'  Hospital,  304 

Strathboggie,  Presbytery  of  361 


Templar,  Kaighfa 


Urquhart,  Parish  of  80,  370 

^-^-~~-  Parish  of,  in  the  Presbytery 

of  Aberlarff,  190,  403 


Woods  andTorests, 


INDEX   TO   THE   APPENDIX. 


>.  Page. 

..  KinfT  Robert's  Charter  to  Ranulf,  Earl 

of  Moray 421 

L  St  Nichohu'  Hnfipiiul  nl  Spey 424 

I.  (inint  ioiheCha))elofSt  Nicol, 425 

1.  Grunt  to  the  Kirk  of  Rothes ib 

:  Grant  to  the  Kirk  at  Arlenitol, ih 

i.'  Orant  oFibe  Kirk  of  Tnf eravon, 426 

'.  Grant  of  the  Kirk  oflnveihoven, ....     ib. 
>.  Indenture,  Robert  Stuart  and  Isabel 

Macduff, 427 

I.  Grant  to  ihe  Chunh  c" 
I.  Title-deed  of  Finlarjt:,. 
.  Grant  of  Ihe  Kirk  of  I 
!.  p"orRothiemurchiis,... 
I.  GromofiheChurchof 

.  Charter  of  Innes 

:  Charter  for  the  House 

neij{hbourhnod  of  El 
1.  Grant  of  Uunmdetlh,. 
.  The  Deed  of  Kin^  Du 
I.  FiKtimaiion  of  Geddes 
i.  Charier  of  l.iilleUrch 
I.  The  Homage  of  Lord 
.  Tbe  Valued  Rent, 


.  Grant  of  Inverlochtie, MS- 

.  Charter  to  Ihe  Burgh  of  TnTemeUr-..  444 
.  Charier  to  the  Burgh  ofElgin, ......  440 

.  Chnrterlo  the  Burgh  of  Forres, ib. 

.  A  Papal  Bull  to  Kinloss, 446 

.  Charier  of  Stralhyln, 480 

.  The  Calhedral  and  Canon  at  Spynie,.  401 
Gmnt  Anent  ibe  Prebends  of  Kingus- 
sie  ,. 453 

.  Procurationes  Deconatuum 453 

.  Regiirding  the  Transmutation  of  tbe 

Calhedral, , ib. 

-  The  Confirmation, 454 

.  The  Burning  of  the  Calhedral, 455 

.  (Jrnni  oFthe  Church  of  Femua,. 456. 

.  ConBrmationof theChurchofDaviot,    ib. 

.  (iruni  of  ihe  Church  of  Dalarasie, 457 

.  Deed  of  Forres  and  Dyke ib. 

.  Died  of  Ihe  Calhedral  Cburt:h ib. 

.  Donation  of  King  William, 458 

.  Grunt  ofLogynonadale. ib. 

.  For  a  Site  fur  the  Mill  of  Sberiffmill,..    lb. 

.  Grant  of  Ihe  Kirk  of  Kylcalargy, 459 

.  GnntofRoss,. ib. 


y  Google 


■.Vo. 


Page- 


"43.  Gra«  or  an  Annuity  to  the  Cathedral 

Church 460 

44.  Grant  of  the  PutronaEre  of  Duffus, ib. 

43.  Tack  of  the  Teinds  of  Rulhveit. ib 

,46.  From  the  Book  of  Assi^ations, 461 

47.  Ofi^inal  Writs  belonging  to  Campbel 

ofCalder 462 

48.  An  Abstract  of  King  Charles  the  Se- 


No.  Page. 

oondk  Letter  to  the  Preshytery  of 

Edinbuivh, 463 

49.  Synod  of  Moray's  Address  to  the  Earl 

of  Middleton 464 

dU.  The  Bishops'  Address  to  King  James 

ihe  Seventh, ib. 

51.  Erection  ofthePreBbyleryofNaim,...  465 

52.  Oath  o(  Trust, ih. 


INDEX   TO   THE   ADDITIONAL  APPENDIX. 


No.  Paga.. 

63.  TrusUOisposition  of  General  Ander- 
son  466 

54.  Will  and  Codicil  of  Dr  Alexander 

Gray, 470 

66.  Family  of  Culbin, 472 

66.  Indenture  betwixt  the  Earl  of  Moray 

and  Alexander  Cumyne, 474 

57„Indentour  betwixt  Cuming   of  Altir 

and  Haye  of  Lochloy 478 

68.  Alexander  Cuming's  Letter  of  Man- 

rent  tQ  the  Master  of  Huntly, 476 

69.  Decreet   of    Exemption,    Alexander 

Cuming,  &c„ 477 

60.  Jesus  Maria 478 


9.  Page. 

.  Charter  to  Richard  Cumyn, 479 

'..  Indenture,  Countess  of  Mar  and  Sir 

Richard  Cumine ib. 

I.  InRtrumenlreitardinirtheMillofAltyre,  480 
1.  Charier  by  William  Hay  to  Tiiomaa 

Comyn, 484 

i.  Band  of  Kelieff  to  the  Laird  of  Allyre,  486 
I.  Extracts  from  the  Baron  Court-book  of 

Altyre 486 

'.  Copy   of    Iiouder  ef    Qnarrelwood's 

Charter, 490 

-  Trafalgar  Tower  at  Forres 491 

-  Table  of  Schoolmasters  and  Church 

Patrons, 493 


ERRATA. 

Page  137,  line  1st  of  the  Note,  for  *  conserratora '  read  '  conserratore*.' 

line  7lh  from  thr^  bottom,  for  '  Elizabeth'  read  '  Iiobel.' 

-  -  -  367,  line  2l8t,  for '  I7O6 '  read '  1766.' 

•  •  •  440,  Ime  3d  from  the  1  aniea  M'Lean.' 
lue  4th  tnta  the  '  Mark  Alkm.* 

•  ■  -  449,  in  th«  Ft^'s  mar 


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