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BINDING LIST JUN 151923

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Steinway

lip Harvcp Dunn

STEIN WAY

THE INSTRUMENT OF THE IMMORTALS

THREE score years ago a new genius flashed upon
the musical world. He was a composer, not of
musical scores, but of musical instruments. His name
was Henry Steinway — his masterwork was a piano. No
sooner was his instrument given to the world than it was
hailed as America's first great contribution to musical art.
Hector Berlioz, he of the flaming locks and flaming soul,
was one of the first of the masters to hear the Steinway.
Forthwith he wrote to its creator: "You have contributed

to music a progress for which all true artists are infinitely
indebted to you." One by one the great musicians heard
the Steinway, or played it, and chose it for their own.
Wagner, Liszt, Rubinstein, Gounod — these were only a
few of those who came under the spell of Steinway tone.
From that day to this the Steinway has been the instru-
ment which the world has recognized as the piano of
pianos. The music of the Immortals and the instrument
of the Immortals live on together. In homes where you
find the one, there also is the other.

Sleint>ay &• Sons and their dealers have made il conveniently possible for music lovers to on>n a Sleinrvay.
Prices: $875 and up, plus freight at points distant from Neu> Yorfc.

STEINWAY & SONS, Steinway Hall, 109 E. 14th Street, New York

January, 1922

House & Garden

FURNITURE FOR FEBRUARY

In 1919 when the price oj paper had
risen from 5 to 20 cents a pound, and
manufacturing costs had nearly trebled,
the subscription rate of House & Garden
was increased from $3 to $3.50.

Of late, however, there are signs that
the market is recovering sanity. Paper
is down, though not to pre-war levels.
Manufacturing costs are still high, but re-
lief is in sight. As a sign of what is hoped
for, rather than of what already exists,
House & Garden is dropping the added
fifty cents, and is once more $3 a year,
beginning with the January issue.

t I "** HE other day a reader wrote in to us saying

that with the help of a local carpenter and

a year's subscription to House & Garden she

was able to remodel her house. That mention of a

year's subscription reminded us of what we are

trying to do with the pages of the magazine.

It would be possible — some magazines do it — to
devote all the pages of one entire issue to one
single subject, such as decorating or gardening. In

A glimpse of a breakfast room,

one of the illustrations in the

February number

that case the poor reader has to wait until the
issue devoted to her particular subject comes around
and then devour all of it at one sitting. This is
like having an immense dinner on Sunday and then
living the rest of the week on bread and cheese.

Or the magazine can be planned so that you eat
well all the year. House & Garden believes in the
latter scheme. Its issues all have special names,
and in each issue the particular subject is given
preference, but there are, in addition, plenty of
other subjects considered, so that no one need go
hungry.

To take a case in point — this next issue. It is
called the Furniture Number. Twenty of its pages,
or almost fifty per cent, are devoted to furniture
and its allied subject, decoration. But the man or
woman who is interested in building a house need
not go hungry because eight of the remaining
pages illustrate building problems and new houses.
Nor need the garden fan turn away empty from
this February dinner, because nine pages are given
to gardening interests.

This belief of ours that no reader should leave
the table hungry is amply substantiated by a survey
of the year's issues in 1921. In those twelve num-
bers the reader was offered 188 different articles,
each by an authority, and enjoyed looking at 1923
illustrations.

Contents for January, 1922. Volume XLI, No. One

COVER DESIGN BY H. GEORGE BRANDT

AN ARCHITECTURAL DEBT 14

Thackeray Turner, Architect
THE ADVANTAGES OF REMODELING IS

/. G. Stone
THE GARDEN or H. S. SHONNARD, OYSTER BAY, N. Y 18

Donn Barber, Architect

GIVE IT A NAME 20

CURVES AND STRAIGHT LINES 21

Donn Barber, Architect
COLLECTING JAPANESE INRO 22

Gardner Teall
IF You ARE GOING TO BUILD 23

Mary Fanton Roberts
SERENE COLOR IN THE LIVING ROOM 26

Weymer Mills

NEW FLOWERS FOR THIS YEAR'S GARDEN 27

WHAT CAN BE DONE WITH MOLDINGS 28

Harold Donaldson Eberlein
THE GARDEN ENCLOSED WITH GLASS 30

Robert S. Lemmon
PLANNING THE LANDSCAPE BORDER 32

Charles Le Sure, Landscape Architect

A LITTLE PORTFOLIO OF GOOD INTERIORS 33

STATICES IN CALIFORNIA GARDENS 36

Eloise Roorback

THE LODGE AND GARAGE OF JAMES R. CUSHMAN, NEWPORT, R. I.

Grosvenor Atterbury & Stowe Phelps, Associate Architects
AMERICAN FLOWER PAINTERS 38

Giles Edgerton
CUPBOARDS THAT SAVE TIME AND STEPS 40

Harry C. Richardson
A REMODELED COLONIAL HOUSE AT YORKTOWN HEIGHTS, N. Y.. . 42

Andrews, Rantoul & Jones, Architects
THE GAIETY OF BLACK 44

Ethel Davis Seal
CUTTING THE COST OF ELECTRIC WIRING 46

Charles Magee Adams

A GROUP OF FOUR SMALL HOUSES 47

ASSURING BETTER BREAKFASTS 50

Mary H. Northend
PUTTING THE SERVICE ENTRY TO WORK • • . . 51

Verna Cook Salomonsky
POINTS ABOUT THE NEW DISHWASHERS 52

Ethel R. Peyser
AN EVERGREEN GARDEN IN TOWN / 54

Walker &• Gillette, Architects
THE HOTBED As A GARDEN NECESSITY 55

B. Francis Dashiell
THE GARDENER'S CALENDAR 56

Subscribers are notified that no change of address can
be effected in less than one month.

House & Garden

AN ARCHITECTURAL DEBT

\\(o

Because inspiration for the designs of so many of
our country houses is traceable to the English
country house, we will always owe England an
architectural debt. Especially is this indebtedness
felt when one finds a house, as here, offering such
an abundance of suggestions. The handling of
the exposed brick at corners and on the chimneys,

the flat-roof bay window over the entrance, the
range of double windows on the first floor,
the unus'ial loggia on the second, the dormers,
the variety of roof levels and the treatment of
the gable ends and the eaves — all have possibilities
for adaptation to the American country house
problem. Thackeray Turner was the architect

January, 1922

THE ADVANTAGES OF REMODELING

In Remodeling or Restoring An Old Country House An Owner Finds A Wide
Field For The Expression of His Personality

BETWEEN remodeling an old house and
building a new one lies a vast difference
in procedure, experience and final effect.

A new house starts out with a definite plan
from which one usually has been obliged to
eliminate many of the fond ideas and quaint
details that have been treasured against that
day of building. Remodeling, on the other
hand, is evolved more easily and gives more
latitude for the play of architectural idiosyn-
crasies. The new house is new from the
ground up; the remodeled house starts with at
least the skeleton of a structure to work upon.

In building the average new home, the
scheme is finally completed according to a
definite plan and usually at one time; there
may be further additions contemplated, but
the house as erected makes a finished picture
and is adequate for the family's present re-
quirements. In remodeling a house no such
hard-and-fast plan is required, nor is it de-

J. G. STONE

sirable. Such fundamental matters as the po-
sition of plumbing, roof lines and the general
disposition of the rooms must be decided on in
the beginning, and it will be advisable, unless
one doesn't care how much the finished job is
to cost, to make no changes in that original
scheme. Apart from these there is the whole
field of detail and finish in which the owner
can roam at will, and it is in this field that
he finds the greatest opportunities for the ex-
pression of his individuality.

When one is building a new house, whether
it be in country or town, it is generally desir-
able to make the house harmonious both inside
and out. You don't expect to find Tudor
rooms in a Georgian house or pass from an
exterior that is frankly Colonial to interiors
that are frankly late Italian. The remodeled
house rarely requires such strict interpretation,
in fact, where one does strive too much after
such effects, the whole house looks stilted and

unlivable. It looks as though the owners went
to Europe while the architect was getting in
his work.

Remodeling can extend over a period of
years when one is doing a country house, al-
though it is highly desirable to have the funda-
mental changes finished at one time. After
this the little porch here and the new terrace
there can be added as the owner's purse and
inclinations dictate.

Because the remodeling of country houses
allows such a wide latitude of treatment, it is
practically impossible to lay down any definite
rules. It may be a brick or timber house of
the General Grant period that can be faced
with stucco after its execrable trim has been
removed. Stucco can cover a multitude of
architectural sins. Or it may be a fine old
farmhouse built in the early years of the last
century, requiring only the restoration of the
shingle or clapboard walls.

As originally found, this galeside group on the country place of Wil-
liam F. Dominick at Greenwich, Ct., was a barn, shed and milk house.
By adding a porch in front and a small wing in the rear for a bath,

the milk house was transformed into a guest house. It is finished
with wide, hand-hewn shingles painted white. The other two
buildings behind it have also been remodeled into living quarters

House & Garden

This problem of whether to restore or re-
model will depend upon the house in question.
If it has good architectural lines to begin with,
make the additions to accord with those lines,
but if the original architecture is questionable
— and most of it was in the Jigsaw Period —
have no qualms about changing it to suit a
new and harmonious design.

This is the great sport of remodeling; it is a
game of the imagination and it will be good or
bad according to how much imagination the
owner exercises. He can take
a tumbledown shack and |f
make a perfectly delightful
home of it; he can take an
architectural crime and shape
it into a house of beauty. Or
he may take a charming old
place and "remodel" it into
a blot on the countryside.
When in doubt, submit your
imagination to a good
architect.

When he is remodeling in
the country — and the coun-
try house concerns us here
most — the owner can well
learn a lesson from Nature.
Nature abhors a straight
line. Slowly but surely she
destroys it if left alone, with
sagging roofs, leaning walls
and twisted beams, blending
all these into their surround-
ings by rubbing off the sharp
edges, toning down their
colors, and thus producing

The house stands on a
rocky hillside back from
the main road. The nearer
wing was the original
dairyman's cottage

the quality of the picturesque. In much the
same manner can the remodeled country house
be made picturesque — by avoiding straight
lines, by avoiding any appearance of too set a
plan. The mark toward which remodelers of
country houses should strive is to attain this
quality of the picturesque.

An example of just such country remodeling
can be found in the home of William F. Domi-
nick, the architect, at Greenwich, Connecticut.
As originally discovered, the main house was a

Hand-adzed timbers front
a demolished barn are ex-
posed in the living room.
The walls and ceiling are
yellow plaster laid on rough

dairyman's old one-story cot-
tage set on the side of a
nobby hill close by an out-
cropping of rock. To this
was added, on the lower slope
of the hill, a two-story wing.
The lower story is built of
stone, which makes it look as
though it grows naturally out
of the stony hillside. Here
are housed laundry, boiler
room and storage spaces. The
floor above is ample for a
large room that serves both
for living and dining pur-
poses. Except at meal times
the dining table stands folded
away under a casement win-
dow. Adjoining this room
are a small modern kitchen
and a pantry with two maids'
rooms and bath. The orig-
inal portions of the cottage
are used for the family bed-
rooms. These two sections of
the house are linked together
by a wing which makes a three-sided court in
front for a paved terrace under the shadow of
the trees.

In the living room the exposed trusses are of
old oak sills taken from a demolished barn, and
the rest of the woodwork was rough finished
to accord with these hand-hewn timbers. Huge
slabs of rough stone surround the fireplace
and form the hearth. In fact, everywhere,
outside as well as in, the architect has en-
deavored to avoid those straight, uncomprom-

January, 1922

Between meals the dining
table is set under the case-
ment window. This one
large room serves for both
living and dining

ising lines that Nature abhors.

To the roofs of this house
there has been given the ef-
fect of sag by raising the ends
slightly. The wall shingles
were not laid in a straight
line but in one that changes,
giving the walls a pleasant,
hand-made appearance. The
trim is painted brown to con-
form with the tints of the ad-
jacent tree trunks. In the
living room the yellow tinted
plaster work is rough and
imperfect, showing the marks
of the float, and the angles
have been filled in and
rounded off so that no sharp
edges are to be seen.

Down by the gate was
found a milk house and to
this the same scheme of re-
modeling was applied — the
same white painted, wide,
hand-hewn shingles and
tipped roof. By the addition
of a front porch and a little bathroom wing it
was converted into a guest house. The barn
and shed behind the guest house are built on
the property wall itself, the barn having a
slight overhang in the second story that is
quite unusual.

From the exterior of such a remodeled coun-
try home one does not know quite what sort of
interior is to be found. Here it looks like an
English cottage room and gives all the pleasant
element of surprise of finding an English cot-

tage in Connecticut. Colonial and English
cottage furniture has been used throughout the
house, and it is perfectly at home there.

Remodeling such as this is one of the ways
in which the house shortage in America can be
relieved. There are hundreds of such houses
scattered about our countryside begging for
tenants, houses that, with a little imagination
and a little money, could be remodeled, re-
stored and generally improved for all-year
living. The motor car and good roads make

them accessible to towns and cities. This re-
modeling of country houses is the newest ex-
pression of the movement back to the land,
and the most permanent.

In this lies a promise of better things for
the countryside. Restoring these old houses
will preserve to us what is good in country
architecture; remodeling the others will pre-
vent the architectural sins of our fathers from
being visited upon the third and fourth genera-
tion. It will, also, give us homes in which in-
dividuality has been worked
out in the concrete form of
personal architecture and
furnishings.

The finding of the one par-
ticular house is almost as
pleasurable as its remodeling
will be. The prospector finds
no keener joy in discovering
and proving out a paystreak
of ore than does the old-house
seeker who comes upon just
the place he wants. What if
the search has been long and
the disappointments many ?
— there have been possibil-
ities galore along the way,
come to by roads that wind
from wooded valleys to hill-
top breezes and sweeps of
open country. He must be
something less than human
whose rural longing is not
crystalized once the hunt is
under way.

The new wing has a lower
story of stone and forms,
with the old house, a little
court developed into a
paved terrace

House cr Garde w

A general view shows thz gardener's
cottage, potting house and greenhouse.
The gardener's cottage is of brick and
concrete with a variegated slate roof.
Leaders, gutters and flashings are of
lead

THE GARDEN OF
H. S. SHONNARD

Oyster Bay, L. I.

A detailed view of the gardener's cot-
tage from the entrance gates shows
the walls of intermingled common and
face brick with old brownstone from
adjoining walls scattered through most
interestingly

January, 1922

Evergreens have been effectively em-
ployed to mark the various divisions
of the garden. In the foreground is
the tiny pond, an ornamental treat-
ment of the water supply, with the
cutting garden behind

A close view of the garage and stables
shows them built in relation to the
gardener's cottage and greenhouse.
The gables and roofs are of slate, walls
a combination of brick, slate and stucco,
vine covered

WELL DEVELOPED

Donn Barber, Architect

House & Garden

V E

N A

DOWN the road from us, at the point where the river threads
under the span of an old stone bridge, is a little house. A vest-
pocket house, with a tiny roadside lawn in front hid away behind
Lombardy poplars, and a tiny garden in the rear, stretching along the
river bank. Its porch hangs out over the river. Beside it is a long
grape arbor where they have tea of afternoons. An Englishman lives
there and, after the manner of an Englishman when he acquires a home,
he gave it a name. "The Cottage" he called it, just that — "The Cottage".
Last year he bought a strip of land across the river and, in this angle
beside the road, built a garage with three rooms above where he could
camp out when "The Cottage" was closed or put up extra guests or tuck
away a Man Friday. Scarcely had the carpenters finished the roof when
he began scouring about for a name to give that garage. "If the house
is 'The Cottage'," he said, "why not call this little sister the . ... ? Ah
yes! 'The Cot'."

At first it sounded silly, "The Cottage" and "The Cot"; then, as the
neighbors got used to it, it wasn't silly at all. It seemed the most
sensible thing in the world, this naming houses.

THE English have always named their homes, especially their
country homes. Americans did once, in that past generation
before we flung Victorian ideals to the winds. Of late the
custom has died out. We seem satisfied with a Rural Free Delivery
number. It is too bad. We name our boats, our babies and our Peking-
ese puppies, but when it comes to giving that country place a name we
are either overwhelmed with self-consciousness, or, having racked our
brains for a suitable name, give up the search in disgust.

This old-fashioned custom might well be revived, and we would be
better for the revival. Naming a country house gives us definite identity
with that place. It indicates both to ourselves and to the world that we
bought and developed that place as a home to last through the years,
not merely as a real estate investment.

One of the tragedies of the development of our countryside is this
insidious far-off lure of selling again at a profit. It seems to color
every plan we have for the improvement of our homes. Put on a new
roof, and maybe we'll get more for it when we come to sell ! Lay out a
pretty garden — pretty gardens impress prospective purchasers of real
estate! That sort of bargaining with the home can bring no good to
the American people. The profit of a home must never be reckoned
in dollars and cents.

It can be reckoned, however, in pride of ownership, in health, in
contentment, in the' feeling that one has something stable beneath his
feet, something from which he can start and to which he can return. It
can be both the beginning and the end of his dreams, the source and
the spur to his ambition, the second best romance of his life.

A MAN who gives his home a name proves that he has this sense
of romance, and without a sense of romance a home is lost on him.
It affords him, also, an infinite number of ways to mark there
the intensity of his romance and his dreams. Say that the pride of that
place are three elms and you call it "Three Elm Farm". The writing
paper can be engraved with three elms, the silver marked with them, the
linen embroidered with them and the sticker labels that you paste on
boxes of flowers you send to friends. If you are a cautious owner you

will also brand your garden tools with that mark, indelibly burned in.

But — and here's where the trouble lies — you shouldn't call it "Three
Elm Farm" if your three elms are only little suckers. They must be
big, healthy, house-shadowing elms. Because people in fhe past gave
such utterly unsuitable, fatuous and silly names to their country places,
this excellent custom died out. They called a place "Rocklea" when it
had one rock and "Crow's Nest" when the place was so bald of trees
that no self-respecting crow would think of making his nest there. The
country place should have the sort of name that you won't be afraid of
mentioning. If the place does not naturally suggest a name, do not
force one on it. You will be committing as hideous an offense as the
parent who condemns his innocent boy to the life-long torment of Percy
or forever ruins the matrimonial chances of a daughter with some
unpronounceable combination of Norwegian syllables.

It may be that circumstances or an overwhelming sense of modesty
prevents one from giving a place a name publicly. It may never be
carved on the gate post or embroidered on the linen. This does not
prevent it from having a name that crystallizes the vision of that place
whenever one thinks of it. I know of a little roadside country home
down on Long Island. A brook runs through the property and over
the brook is flung a pretty little blue bridge — just one bridge. Some
day, when the place is fully developed, it will have several blue bridges.
Until it is developed the owner, with a fine appreciation of the truth,
will not call it that. At present she doesn't call it anything. But when
she thinks of it, it is "Blue Bridges''.

IF the house can be named, so can the rooms. Whenever I see the
plans of a house I wonder what the owners call this place and that.
The architect gives them a number — Chamber No. 1, Chamber
No. 2. Is it merely the South Room and the East? Or do they find
themselves one day speaking of it as the Valley Room, because its win-
dows look out over the valley? And the Hill Room because it faces
the hilltop beyond ?

In that Connecticut farmhouse, which is both the pride of my life
and the cause of my poverty, are four bed chambers. One has blue
painted furniture with panels of morning glories, and it is known as
the Blue Room. And there are always blue and white flowers to put in
that room. Another has a purple carpet and yellow walls and answers
to the name of the Yellow Room. And there are yellow and purple
flowers for that. A third has apricot walls and a lush green carpet —
one of those thick carpets that are a delight to the toes of a cold morn-
ing— and this is the Apricot Room. White flowers are put in there and
pale pinks. Mine own, because it contains only a cot and a sea chest,
is privately called Orphan Annie's Room. In there I usually find what
is left over from the other bouquets.

The front room downstairs we know as the Morning Room, because
it is a pleasant place to sit of mornings with the sun flooding it and,
for the second reason, that everybody else in town calls theirs the living
room. The lower terrace is called the Brick Terrace, because it is made
of bricks and, one of these days, there will be a spot in the garden
called The Virgin's Bower, because of the clematis that will cover it.

And so it goes on, each room and porch and spot in the garden with
a name. We have great fun with it.

I would slay the man who suggested my selling it at a profit.

January, 1922

CURVES AND STRAIGHT LINES

Much of garden beauty lies in the dis-
position of curves and straight lines — the
curve of the pool brim and the straight
/»'».., of its farther edge; the curve of the
stairs and the straight line of the terrace
wall behind; the curve of the oil jars, the
arch of the fountain top, and the repeated

straight-up-and-down lines of the house
beyond. These two form the pattern on
which Nature weaves the color of gardens.
These two make pleasant this glimpse on
the estate of H. S. Shennard at Oyster
Bay, Long Island, New York. Donn Bar-
ber was the architect

House & Garden

COLLECTING JAPANESE INRO

A Delectable Field For The Connoisseur Who Is Interested
In The Smaller Art Creations Of The Far East

GARDNER TEALL

SIR RUTHERFORD
ALCOCK once ob-
served that the true se-
cret of the unrivalled success
of the Japanese in those
branches of art in which they
have most excelled is to be
found more especially in their
loving and patient study of
all the processes in Nature —
in other words, the methods
by which the greatest variety
as well as beauty is secured.
"They have gone to the orna-
mental part of Nature's
works," wrote he "to the com-
bination of forms and colors
observable in plants, flowers,
and leaves, in the painting of
butterflies' wings, the skins
of animals, the plumage of
birds, and markings of shells
for their models. In a word, to all that con-
stitutes the glory and the beauty of the visible
world, and ministers with unfailing success
and lavish bounty to the sense of beaut}- and
harmony."

Certainly no other nation in the world has
worshipped more ardently at the shrine of
Nature than has the Japanese. And I know
of no objects in all Japanese art that more

Into by Kaba-
yashi Yatsutane

In some cases two artists contributed to the

creation of an inro. To this, for example,

Shunmei gave the metal work and Kajikana

Haruki the lacquer

definitely display the national
art temperament than the re-
markable little decorated nests
of boxes called Inro (the
singular and plural forms of
Japanese nouns are the
same) which, in the periods
preceding that of the very
"progressive" Japan of to-
day, were part and parcel of
the costume of every Jap-
anese man of standing. In-
deed, inro were considered
indispensable in a gentle-
man's attire.

In form the inro consists of
a nest of little trays, or
"boxes", usually four in
number, though often more,
with cover, all the sections
fitting tightly and perfectly
together, and so beautifully
finished that the surface scarcely reveals the
joining of the separate sections even when
closely inspected. The various divisions of
the inro are securely held together by a silken
cord running through them at the edges, "knot-
ted", as it were, by a sliding bead or ojime
above the lid at a sufficient distance from the
inro to permit the easy manipulation of any
(Continued on page 68)

A n inro created
by Ganbun

Koami Nogataka was
the artist of this inro

An example of Toyo's
•work, 18th Century

The mark of Rome
K any a is on inro

Joikasai, another Japa-
nese artist, created this

An inro by two artists
— Jokosai and Giokasai

January, 1922

Feneslration is the word applied to the arrangement oj windows.
It is beautifully illustrated in this view of the home oj J. L.
Bushnell, Springfield, 0. Many types are used— A Palladian

group, French windows, square and arch-top and casements

in a row, all combined, for effective lighting and interesting

wall decoration. Louis Colt Albro, Architect

IF YOU ARE GOING TO BUILD

Remember That Much of The Livableness and Beauty of a House Depends Upon
the Style and Arrangement of Windows

MARY F ANTON ROBERTS

OUR windows illuminate history
for us, from the early cavemen
days down through the building
of earth mounds, the tepee of our
western prairie, the igloo of the Arctic
land, the lean-to of picturesque Sa-
moa. Whether' built of woven briar,
of tanned skins, earth or packed snow,
all tell a story of civilization because
they were made without windows,
possessing neither light nor ventila-
tion. Houses without windows are
houses without imagination, merely
places in which danger is warded off,
nothing more than a chance to hide
from our enemies.

Then comes a distinct step ahead
in what is called the progress of the
world, and little houses appear with
holes in them for seeing out, getting
air and ventilation. And over these
holes in bad weather were hung tapes-
tries in the castles and tanned skins
in the hovels. Later, when houses of
stone and cement were constructed,
along in the 8th Century, the first
windows of glass were introduced.
At the beginning they were set per-
manently in the walls; but removed
when the great warriors went away on
long journeys, to pray to God, or to
kill mankind. Then the precious

Stone window frames with leaded casements is the traditional

style in England. This example from Biddesdon Manor,

Wilts, shows a graduation of sizes toward the gable

windows were hidden away from ma-
rauding hordes along with jewels and
wives and other valued possessions.

In the llth and 12th Centuries, in
order to get fuller service from the
windows, some clever "Yankee" of
those days found a way to set the
glass in mullions with stone frames,
hung on wrought-iron hinges so that
they could open or close. From this
time on windows were more permanent
and, even with their great value, no
longer removed in the time of Cru-
sading jaunts.

The swinging window was the be-
ginning of the story of the casement
and the little, rough panes of glass
were set in cames, narrow strips of
hammered lead or wrought iron. The
beauty of these windows progressed
on through the 16th and 17th Cen-
turies, when the glass was frequently
colored and the coat of arms of the
family in gorgeous tones was set in
leads. And then the stained glass
window began its picturesque flight
through the centuries, adding enor-
mously to the richness of Mediaeval
art.

The next development and progress
of the window was the frame and sash
of wood. The earliest wooden frames

House & Garden

Casement windows are especially appropri-
ate for half-timber houses. Here they are
used in a bay, singly, in a row and with
stone and timber frames. W. T. Dominick,
architect

were made from the casement type; the double
hung and check rail window being a develop-
ment of the last two or three hundred years.

A well known maker of windows gives this
description of the purpose of the modern win-
dow: "The window or door frame serves a
dual purpose:

"First: From a structural standpoint, it is
a container for the door or window, the screen,
or storm sash, or blinds. It serves the purpose
of holding these in place. It is the factor of
union between these different units and the
main walls of the house. To per-
form its function perfectly, it must
be properly constructed of durable
material, so as to make this junc-
tion weatherproof.

"Second : From the standpoint of
appearance, it should clearly define
the lines between the main walls of
the building and the door or win-
dow without becoming so promi-
nent as to draw the entire attention
to itself. It should form the back-
ground for the picture, not the pic-
ture itself. Just as there are build-
ings of masonry, of brick veneer,
of frame with siding or clapboards,
and frame with stucco, so must
there be frames adapted to these
different types of construction.

"The exterior details, the en-
trances, the windows, the cornice,
and the various items of exterior

The typical window of Philadelphia
Colonial architecture is a Georgian
type of double hung sash, with shut-
ters and a keystone above

Colonial dormers are interest-
ing because of their great
variety. This is from "Clive-
den," Germantown, Pa.

The John Bartram house at

Philadelphia has this type of

dormers, with slightly rounded

sash at top

"Homewood," a famous old house at
Baltimore, has this curious type of
dormer windows. It is a design be-
longing to late Colonial work

In a stucco house the occasional introduc-
tion of brick, as in a window sill, affords a
pleasant relief to the fafade and makes the
window more pronounced. Julius Gregory
was the architect

woodwork, depending upon their treatment,
put the stamp of character on any dwelling. Of
these, the spacing, design and proportion of
the windows are most important. Whatever
its type, a house with poorly proportioned win-
dows, or windows badly grouped, presents a
poor appearance.

"Neither ingenuity of plan nor care in pro-
portioning the parts of exterior design can
overcome the disaster caused by an unfortunate
selection of windows. Though primarily in-
tended to light the interior of a house, windows
are an important element of design.
They give a touch that will be good
or bad, according to the taste shown
in their selection and use."

There are two distinct phases to
every window problem, one, the
outside, which is an architectural
problem and relates to the type of
window, size, appropriateness to
the architecture and the grouping
or placing of windows. So much
of the beauty of the outside of the
house depends upon the art of fen-
estration that we have decided to
devote this entire article to the win-
dow as seen from without. Later
on we will study the window from
the inside, its decoration and beauty
in relation to the room.

When you take up the study of
fenestration you at once begin to
(Continued on page 60)

January, 1922

The later Classical style pro-
duced flat brick arches on a
facade in which windows were
set. From the Nathan Smith
house, New Haven, Ct.

Often on the same house the
Colonial architect would use
two kinds of dormers. This
example of the classical arch
is companion to that opposite

Carved stone window casings
are a curious feature of the
home of John Bartram, the
naturalist, at Kingsessing, Pa.
The house dates from 1731

.(Left) This window from
Brittany shows a picturesque
treatment of frame, window
setting and sill that might be
adapted to an American house

Dormers in a gambrel roof
house can be of a variety of
types. This treatment with
lattice is used on a house by
Aymar Embury, II, architect

The old Page house at Dan-
vers, Mass., shows both the
more severely Classical and
the broken arch types of dor-
mers. The sash is double hung

Where the roof permits, as in
a Dutch Colonial house, this
treatment for a dormer can be
effectively used. Aymar Em-
bury, II, architect

ijojfc

MUMM""

-X, IS-

J^jL

A more severe treatment for
Dutch Colonial dormers is to
cut them into the roof and
face the sides with clapboard.
Aymar Embury, II, architect

Another little Brittany win-
dow shows a two section case-
ment set behind a fiat arch
stone opening. The lower sill
has a simple molding

House & Garden

SERENE COLOR IN THE LIVING ROOM

Five Color Schemes Suitable for Town and Country Houses To Be Executed
Either in Antique Furniture or Modern Reproductions

Created by WEYMER MILLS

A MELLOW ROOM WITH AN OLD-FASHIONED AIR

Walls: A soft yellow paper or wash

Floor: Hard wood, in an 18th Century design of stars or painted
with stars in two shades of dull yellow. No rugs

Mantel: Dull yellow marble or imitation marble, with the center
insert a sunburst

On the Mantel: A pair of large old Staffordshire figures, such as
"The Sailor's Goodbye'' and "The Sailor's Return," Staffordshire
dogs and boxes and Rockingham cottages

Above the Mantel: A large picture of an ancient frigate in full
sail

Curtains: Honey colored china silk with deep, box pleated val-
ances

Furniture: Before the window low oak chests of Jacobean design.
On the chest, cream Wedgwood pots holding summer or winter
plants.

By the fireplace, two small Georgian settles in either oak or
walnut. The settles have deep cushions covered with a yellow-
brown velvet

The chairs and tables about the room are all Jacobean or copies
of the period. Several pieces are covered with old needlework
of this and later periods

The important pictures are large canvases of flowers by 17th
Century Dutch artists or the easily procured copies
Several groups of old samplers in yellow varnished frames
would be a pleasing addition

Old white flower glasses would hold bunches of variegated
flowers

A GEORGE WASHINGTON ROOM SUGGESTED BY MOUNT
VERNON

Walls: Paneled and painted buff or papered in buff. All other
woodwork the same color

Floor: Covered with a Turkey or Wilton carpet in faded reds
and blues

Mantel: A simple mid-Georgian design in marble

On the Mantel: Worcester tulip holders and white Bow figures,
such as those of Shakespeare and Garrick

Above the Mantel: A Chippendale mirror in the French taste

Curtains: An English flowered chintz of red, pink and blue flow-
ers and shaded foliage on a buff ground

Furniture: One grandfather's winged chair, covered in red and
pink gros point. This chair would have mahogany legs
Two stuffed Sheraton chairs, covered in pink tufted wool
Four Windsor chairs of dark color
A mahogany Sheraton tea table
A large Sheraton writing table in mahogany
Fire seats and footstools in faded petit point
The walls would be hung with old portraits and prints of Wash-
ington's time in frames of the period. The ornaments would be
silver and Sheffield candlesticks and large bowls for flowers

A STUDY IN POWDER BLUE AND WHITE TO FACE THE
SOUTH

Walls: Gray white paneling

Floor: Modern hqokwork carpet in shades of powder blue

Mantel: A simple Georgian design in marble with pale gray
columns

On the Mantel: Two large powder blue Chinese vases and some
pieces of old English blue glass or Waterford glass

Above the Mantel: A modern landscape — preferably a study in
blues — and framed in Adam design in dull silver

Curtains: Made in a looped Sheraton design of taffeta, using
three colors — powder blue, larkspur blue and mauve

Furniture: Two American Empire sofas, their woodwork painted
gray-white, and the covering an English chintz with white and
cream with foliage in varied green on a powder blue ground
Before the fire, four large ottomans covered in powder blue
velvet

One Louis XV bergere, its woodwork pale gray paint and its
covering very pale apple green satin

A set of Louis XV chairs, with the woodwork also painted pale
gray. Here the covering would be powder blue velvet
For the center of the room, a large Louis XV table in pale gray
paint

Between the windows a Louis XV writing desk in the same color
Against the wall two or three vitrines in the same color
Before the windows Adam flower stands in pale green
On the table, with a profusion of books, two large, modern blue
glass bowls holding flowers

PASTEL SHADES TO MAKE A FEMININE ROOM

Walls: Robbin's egg blue

Floor: Modern rag rugs in pale mauve

Mantel: An Adam design in marble with inlaid Wedgwood or
Sevres plaques or inserts of blue and white.

Above the Mantel: An oval pastel after La Tour, such as a
rather delicate lady in white satin touched with cherry color

Curtains: Mauve striped silk edged with poison green poplin.
The valances can be made in a conventional design with white
roses and pale green leaves

Furniture: Before the fireplace a copy of a Victorian chaise
longue, with a sea shell back. Its covering could be rose pink
A Louis Quinze commode in tulip wood or its modern counter-
part

A Directoire table in light satin wood
A Sheraton sewing table, its pouch of purple taffeta
Louis Seize footstools in pale blue petit point with designs in
gray

On the table, urns and vases of pale pink Bristol glass holding
flowers

The pictures could be old French pastel portraits hung from
poison green silk cords

A ROOM IN WHITE PINE AND ROSE BROCADE

Walls: Hung in 18th Century rose brocade

Floor: Covered with carpet of dull cream

Mantel: A simple Georgian design in Green of the Alps marble

On the Mantel: Apple green Bristol urns and groups of Chinese

crystal in pink
Above the Mantel: An oval Chinese mirror in a silver pagoda

frame
No Window Curtains: Instead, apple green shades painted with

silver trees and silver pools of pink and white lilies

Furniture: Four Queen Anne corner bookcases of white pine
unvarnished

A large William and Mary table in the same wood
Two William and Mary winged chairs, one in wine colored
velvet and the other in a chalky mauve — the colors of the period
A William and Mary daybed covered with rose velvet and with
untrimmed cushions in several shades of green
Four Louis Seize armchairs, with wood painted cream and cov-
ered with a pale shade of apple green glazed chintz

January, 1922

NEW FLOWERS FOR THIS YEAR'S GARDEN

Other equally important novelties offered
by leading growers are shown on page 56

Gladiolus Purple Glory
is very large, deep vel-
vety maroon and black.
Courtesy A.E.Kunderd

A new sweet pea of

notable merit is Sunset,

soft rose and yellow.

W. Atlee Burpee Co.

Another splendid Kun-
derd offering is Sulphur
Glow, with beautiful
sulphur vellow flowers

Mrs. Warren G. Har-
ding is deep silvery
blue, of immense size.
Courtesy of Burpee

Left to right, beginning at top:
Mrs. Carl Salsbach, large, deep
lavender; The Grizzly, velvety dark
maroon; Seedling No. 200, magenta
tipped white; Geisha, scarlet and
gold; La Favorita, clear orange;
Jane Selby, deep orchid pink ; Cali-
fornia Gold, exquisite gold; Sul-
phurea, sulphur. Babylon Dahlia
Gardens

(Left) Amun Ra, gold
medal winner at the
1921 San Francisco
Dahlia Show. Copper,
orange, gold, amber
and reddish bronze
beautifully blended.
Courtesy Jessie L. Seal

Sunkiss is a worthy hy-
brid cactus type. Out-
side petals are a glow-
ing, rosy salmon; cen-
ter, bright canary yel-
low. Very full and
double. Courtesy John
Lewis Childs, Inc.

House &• Garden

Elegance and interest are given
the door of this latticed garden
porch by the simple molding, con-
sisting of a fillet around the door,
a boldly flowing cyma next to
that and a small quarter-round
on the outside

Although different kinds of mold-
ings create the fireplace surround
and the overmantel in this living
room, the variation gives it a
pleasant character. They are ro-
bust and in scale with the exposed
beams

This carved sandstone Tudor door
derives its character from the
quality of the moldings and their
arrangement. Its air of strength
is due to the juxtaposition of light
and shade created by its vigorous
members

The moldings about this fireplace
are in two groups — a narrow in-
ner bead and an outer, larger
bead, both of which give accent
to the composition. The beading
dominates the other moldings, as
it should

An apartment living room other-
wise lacking in architectural in-
terest was transformed by a fire-
place faced with brass and stud-
ded with nails and surrounded
by an architectural frame con-
sisting of two series of stock
moldings

January, 1922

WHAT CAN BE DONE WITH MOLDINGS

A Piece of Furniture, A Room, An Entire House Can Be Given
Merit by Moldings Properly Used

HAROLD D. EBERLEIN

MOLDINGS are
ever-present and in-
escapable factors in
our surroundings. They are
potent for great beauty or
ugliness, according to the
way we employ them. Like
many other things in our
daily environment, most of
us are too prone to accept
their presence without once
giving a thought to them.
By changing and rear-
ranging moldings one may
modify, mitigate, enhance,
or even wholly revolutionize
the aspect of the given object

the exterior of a house,

an awkward and graceless
interior, or a piece of furni-
ture, sound, perhaps, in
structure, but clumsy and
uncompromising of mien.
Through the agency of
moldings, one may often
convert what is positively
bad into something just as
positively good, so long as
the mass or general propor-
tions are not actually
vicious.

In order to understand
how this can be done we
must first familiarize our-
selves somewhat with the
nature of moldings, the
kinds most commonly in
use, and the names by which
they are known.

A molding may be denned
as al narrow surface — plane,
curved, broken, irregular or
compound — either sunk be-
low or projecting from the
face of any material. It is
formed by casting, cutting,
or otherwise shaping and
modeling the material so as
to produce modulations of
light, shade or shadow.

The moldings most usual-
ly met with, except in
Gothic work, are the bead
or astragal, the cavetto, the
cyma, the echinus, the quar-
ter-round or ovolo, the fillet,
the scotia, and the torus. Of
these, the bead or astragal,
the ovolo or quarter-round,
the torus, and the echinus
are convex in contour. The
cavetto and the scotia are
concave. The cyma is com-
pound, being partly convex

surface of the wall

Fillet

Quarter- round

Echinus

Bead

(yma revbrsa

•Scotia

Quarter- round

Cavetto

75,

orus

Cjma recta

Cf ma recta

Cyma ret'ersa with,
'fillet abort

Scotia

Cavetto

•ma reversa.

Torus

and partly concave and is
made up of two curves of
contrary direction, whereas
the convex and concave
moldings consist of but a
single curve. There is only
one plane molding, the fillet,
which is really a division
plane or surface.

In the living room of a
small apartment, quite des-
titute in itself of any archi-
tectural charm, a transfor-
mation was wrought by in-
stalling a fireplace of simple
but distinguished character.
The distinction is produced
— in other words, the fire-
place is made — by a judi-
cious arrangement of stock
moldings, in two courses,
which surround the brass
facing studded with brass
nails. It does not need a
vivid imagination to visual-
ize this room without the
composition of the fireplace,
nor to visualize the fireplace
minus the moldings. The
whole of this pleasing effect
is produced by a cavetto, a
fillet, a half-round or large
bead (not large enough to
be called a torus), a fillet,
and a small cavetto in the
outer course — beginning
from the outside and read-
ing inward — and a small
quarter-round, a fillet, a
half-round or large bead, a
fillet, and a cavetto, in the
inner course, all of the units
being kept small in scale in
accordance with the scale of
the room.

If the reader carefully
notes the order in which
these moldings occur, it will
be seen that each alternate
molding is a fillet. To put
it a little differently, includ-
ing the flat ground surface
of the fireplace from which
the two groups of moldings
rise and to which they re-
turn, we have an alternating
succession of flat and curved
surfaces.

This disposition of mold-
ings illustrates an important
principle. Although the
fillet, as a rule, is relatively
small and generally occurs
(Continued on page 74)

House &• Garden

THE GARDEN ENCLOSED WITH GLASS

Will Prolong the Growing Year to a Full Twelve Months Rich with
the Pleasure of Work Among the Plants

ROBERT S. LEMMON

TIME was when the
word greenhouse sug-
gested to most of us
only one of two things: a huge
range of glass covering un-
guessed numbers of American
Beauty roses or giant show
chrysanthemums, or a mass of
tropical looking exotics rang-
ing from fragile orchids to
jungly palms and rubber
plants. Whichever picture
came before our mind's eye, we
felt that the greenhouse was
either part of the professional
florist's stock in trade or a rich
man's hobby.

In a sense this view was
justified years ago, and there
are still many of us who be-
lieve that a greenhouse and a
Rolls-Royce car are indicative
of about the same depth of
pocketbook. The real possi-
bilities of modern gardening
under glass have escaped the
notice of thousands whose at-
tention they will richly reward.

With the greenhouse as it has been popu-
larly conceived there is no quarrel — it serves
purposes which nothing else could. But in
this article it will be looked at from a different
angle, that of the simple little garden enclosed
with glass.

You who have gardens know the regrets that
come when the fall rush of color passes and
even the late flowering cosmos and the hardy
chrysanthemums give way before the blighting
hard frosts. How far away then seem that
first picking of fresh peas last June, and the
days when you watched the slow reddening of
the tomatoes! They are melancholy days in-
deed, these, when withered borders and empty
rows compel the admission that the season is
over. Were it not for the shrub and other fall
planting we would be hard put to it to keep
alive our interest in gardening activities.
Small wonder that we look back longingly at
those pictures of long ribbons of narcissus
weaving through the May sunshine, of gay
bands of coreopsis, of red and purple grape
clusters hiding in a background of living green,
which are so indelibly etched upon our men-
tal vision.

Yet why look only back- — and far forward
across the span of months filled with cold and
slush and the harsh drabness of a northern
winter? Why not make the garden year a full
one, each month rich with those particular fa-
vorites which are closest to your gardener's
heart? Yes, it can be done. In the garden
under glass, the misunderstood greenhouse of
other days, you can dig and plant and gather
all winter long among the selfsame plants

The small garden under glass can be an integral part of the house,
with it architecturally and utilizing a single heating system. There
sity whatever jor its seeming to be an afterthought

which without it would be but a memory and
a prospect long deferred.

This is the broadest appeal of the green-
house, this is the role in which it scores its
greatest success with the majority of us. What
we want is a twelve-month year among our
own growing things, a year in which there are

harmonizing
is no neces-

The lean-to type, which utilizes the wall
of an existing building for its back, is
practical and inexpensive. A southern expo-
sure is best. Courtesy of Lord & Burnkam

no blank days devoid of fa-
miliar garden pleasures.
Just what can you grow?
Well — how about a 3' flower
border of a dozen or so differ-
ent kinds? There might be
pink or yellow primroses, or
candytuft or sweet alyssum
along the front; spirea, cine-
rarias, gloxinias, forget-me-
not and baby's breath in the
middle ground, with here and
there some cornflowers, helio-
trope and calendulas; and at
the back a line of sweet peas
or lovable, stately hollyhocks?
And cosmos — how quickly the
sweep of snow-clad fields be-
yond the clear glass wall
would lose its chill when
glimpsed through lacy foliage
and those airily poised blos-
soms of white and softest pink!
Or a water garden, with all
the unique appeal which made
it the focal point of interest in
that far corner of the grounds
last summer. The fragrance
and varied color tones of water lilies, inter-
spersed with the lush green of their floating
leaves; the straw yellow of water poppies; the
white of sagittaria; the odd foliage of the um-
brella palm above a blue cloud of forget-me-
not at the pool's margin. And these are only a
few of the highlights on the water garden
under glass.

Still among the flowers, one thinks almost
automatically of roses and all that great array
of spear-leaved bulbs of which the narcissus
and hyacinth are perhaps outstanding. You
can give full rein to your fancy for specializing
with these things; or if the snapdragons, for
example, appeal more to you they can well be
made the mainstay of the planting.

As for vegetables, here too opportunity opens
a wide-flung door. Not only can the standard
dependable crops such as bush beans, peas,
tomatoes, radishes and the like be grown, but
also the more specialized things like musk-
melons, cucumbers and lettuce, the first two
trained as vines along the sides and roof of the
house. Indeed, so long as space is available,
there are few warm-weather vegetables which
cannot be brought to perfect bearing through
the winter months. Should you prefer those
which thrive at lower temperatures, it will be
a simple matter to regulate the heating in ac-
cordance with their needs.

When one first thinks of growing peaches,
pears and other tree fruits under glass, the
thing seems somewhat of a strain upon op-
timism. But if the dwarf varieties are chosen
and trained on flat frames, they are entirely
practical. Grapes, of course, are a standard

January, 1922

greenhouse crop, and their development has
been brought to a point where well chosen va-
rieties properly cared for yield astonishing re-
sults in both the size and abundance of the
fruit produced. Here, as with the tree fruits,
a little specialized study of growing methods
will be well repaid.

Finally, before we pass on to more practical
and no less important details, you may have a
greenhouse that reproduces on a small scale the
balanced principles which characterize the
garden out-of-doors. In other words, vege-
tables, fruits and flowers can all be grown in
the one house at the same time, provided they
are selected with due attention to those require-
ments of heat, light and moisture about which
the manufacturers will gladly give advice.

Yielding to the greenhouse urge does not in-
volve a heavy original outlay of money and the
setting aside of a considerable sum for upkeep.
The small modern house in one of its nu-
merous designs and sizes from 11' x 16' or so
upward is neither expensive to acquire nor
maintain. Appreciating the fact that the aver-
age appropriation for such things cannot be
great, several manufacturers have turned their
attention to putting out thoroughly dependable
little garden houses of glass which are mod-
erate in cost. In some cases "knock-down"
designs have been perfected which can be
readily shipped and erected without skilled
labor. The designing of special small houses
to meet particular requirements has been
brought to a fine point of perfection.

To the details of heating systems, bench ar-
rangement, ventilation and other semi-techni-
cal matters there is no need of giving space
here. Suffice it to say that there is nothing
among them which need cause you to have any
misgivings once you have read through the
catalog of any of the reputable manufacturers.
But there are several points which merit pre-
liminary consideration, an understanding of
which will remove any lingering doubts you
may have as to the fitness of a glassed-in gar-
den of your own.

First, particularly if you are building a new
home, keep this in mind :

Just as modern architectural and landscape
art requires that the house, garage and other
usual fixtures of the grounds be in accord, so
should the greenhouse fit naturally into the
scheme. If the house is Colonial, or English
half-timber, or Georgian brick, then the green-
house can carry the same architectural note
without deviation from the maker's stock de-
signs. It is entirely possible to work out a plan
in which the greenhouse fills a well chosen
niche rather than appears as an afterthought
tacked on wherever there happened to be space
for it. Even though you may decide not to
include a greenhouse for another year or so,
leave a carefully chosen place for it now while
there is still opportunity.

In determining the site, several points need
consideration. Sunlight there must be — win-
ter-grown plants require it precisely as do their
summer sisters. If the greenhouse is to be of
the usual ridgepole type with glass sides, end
and roof, the latitude of site selection is
broader than for a lean-to house, as the latter
is more dependent upon a southern exposure
to furnish necessary light.

There are many possibilities for architectural effect in the design of the house. Where not
attached to the dwelling, the greenhouse can often be built in conjunction with a garage or, as
here, a garage and small workroom for the storage of tools, bins of fresh earth for the plants, etc.

Courtesy of Hitchings & Co.

Where the side of
an existing building
is not available, a
back wall for the
lean-to greenhouse
may be constructed
of concrete. In this
case the partial
sinking of the house
lessens the amount
of artificial heat re-
quired

Even in a little
house like this H is
entirely possible to
have outdoor sum-
mer flowers i n
bloom all winter, to
say nothing of start-
ing the spring crops
weeks ahead of the
earliest date on
which they could be
planted in the open

House & Garden

PLANNING THE LANDSCAPE BORDER

Fundamental Principles Which Should Be Followed in Working Out the Design
— The Value of Unity and Simplicity

CHARLES S. LE SURE

Rhvthm and

A WELL designed
landscape border is
a distinct asset to
any home environment. It
is worthy of thought and
study just as is any larger
landscape plantation,
whether it be estate, park
or other public grounds.
It has to do with the es-
thetic feeling of the indi-
vidual as does the larger
landscape development
with the emotions of the
community.

The art of landscape
gardening requires the use
of certain principles in
the creation of outdoor
pictures. As the border
plantation is only a land-
scape in miniature, these
same principles are appli-
cable in its successful de-
velopment. The most im-
portant of the many quali-
ties desired are: Unity,
Harmony, Simplicity, Beauty
Variety. Any border or other simple bit of
landscape must have unity as a primary essen-
tial. It must appear to the eye as a restful
single mass of planting, harmonious and beau-
tiful in form, color and
texture. It must display
just enough variety to
make the picture a harmo-
nious whole. It should
not be a stiff monotonous
hedge of one variety.
Neither should it be a hap-
hazard collection of fifty-
seven varieties of plants,
perhaps each in itself
beautiful, but thrown in a
clump together, strikingly
inharmonious.

Upon analysis, how
many home grounds are
truly harmonious ? How
many have neat borders
that can be associated with
the art of the garden?
What do we really find?
Very likely a straight
hedge or two with little
more interest than the
plain, monotonous green
or a mussed up collection
of specimen plants, discor-
dant, to say the least.

In designing or laying
out the border, mere plant-
ing alone will not suffice.
It is easy enough to set out

Landscape borders should convey an impression of unity, simplicity and yet variety.
Only eight varieties of shrubs have been used in this planting, but the composition

is complete

seasonal bloom, color of
flowers, summer and au-
tumn foliage, winter ap-
pearance, etc. Such knowl-
edge is essential to the
creation of living land-
scape pictures whether in.
the form of parks and es-
tates or in ihe backyard
garden or border.

The appended picture
and planting sketch illus-
trate in a graphic way a
simple border planting
which includes the essen-
tial elements of the art. It
indicates clearly the rela-
tion of the plan to the cre-
ated picture. There are
shown the form, skyline,
foreground, fusion of the
foliage textures, and its
unison with the lawn be-
low. There is just enough
variety to make a harmo-
nious picture. Just eight
varieties of shrubs are

a row of plants according to the instruction
tag, but it is another matter to create a real
border picture. In actual practice, the success
of such planting depends upon the knowledge
of the plant materials, their texture, their form,

A- JKETCHL • FOR- A:

• GBAPHIC- SCAtE-i WCH-5FT

Generally speaking, the grouping of several shrubs of each species is better than

scattering the individuals promiscuously. Mass effects are preferable to the spotty

appearance produced by hit-or-miss arrangements. This is the plan of the planting

shown in the photograph

used and sufficient for the purpose of the
work. Those selected are the Persian lilac,
common lilac, Japanese barberry, Regel's
privet, Rosa rugosa, fragrant sumac, En-
glish privet and bush honeysuckle. Five
varieties could have been
used without marring
the picture. All these
shrubs are hardy and
widely adapted as to terri-
tory and can be classed as
all-around shrubs for the
small landscape garden.
They furnish adequate va-
riety for many different
situations.

By the addition of nat-
ural clumps of hardy gar-
den flowers, more interest
can be developed in such
a border, especially when
flowers with a pleasing
fragrance are used. On
the fence at the rear are
wild grape, clematis and
sweet-scented honeysuckle.
In the extreme foreground
may be a few specimens of
the nicotine plant, helio-
trope or other sweet-
scented flowers. This can
be so skilfully done that
the whole garden area or
lawn will give out a re-
freshing coolness that is a
joy during the hot sum-
mer evenings.

January, 1922 33

A LITTLE PORTFOLIO OF GOOD INTERIORS

At one time American houses were criticized for
their lack of color; we were enslaved by neutral
tones. Since then we have acquired an apprecia-
tion of color and have attained a skill in using it
that gives our rooms a much desired vitality. The
colors in the drawing room of the home of Cap-
tain Silsby M. Spalding, at Beverly Hills, Col.,
illustrate the point. The draperies are of peacock

blue with loose taffeta salmon linings. The mir-
rors have dark blue glass frames and the lighting
fixtures pale lavender crystal pendants. Color is
even found in the fire screen, which has a canvas
panel with a pattern of pheasants and flowers in
brilliant tints. Practically all the furniture is paint-
ed. Hunt & Burns were the architects and George
W. Reynolds the decorator

ll o u s K

A comfortable atmosphere, due perhaps to
its English feeling, pervades this New York
apartment living room. The furniture is
simple and the grouping natural. An old
English bookcase dominates one end and.
opposite the fireplace, stands a beautiful
Hepplewhite console. The walls are hung
with heavy gold ribbed silk. Blue and gold
striped damask is on some of the furniture
and plain blue velour on other pieces.
Lampshades are orange gold taffeta. The
rug is an Oriental in tones of blue and tan.
Old American portraits adorn the walls and
the over-door panels are fruit and flower
pictures. The Arden Studios, decorators

INTERIORS

in
FOUR STYLES

Another view of the Spalding drawing room
(see page 33) shows something of the va-
riety of furnishings that give it individual-
ity and distinctive charm. This corner
group is composed of a number of diverse
element's — a decorated cabinet on a painted
and gilded base, an armchair upholstered in
a heavy chintz with a gay design on a light
ground, a green painted ottoman with a
cover of cut velvet and, as a taller accent,
the white vase on its gilt pedestal. The
colors being subdued, they blend harmoni-
ously and the difference of textures affords
happy contrasts. Hunt & Burns, archi-
tects. George W. Reynolds, decorator

January, 1922

Delicacy of line and subdued coloring
usually establish in a room the atmosphere
of the French periods. By these same
methods that Gallic feeling has been intro-
duced into this New York boudoir. The
walls are a warm gray set in panels. The
curtains are of taffeta striped in mauve and
ashes of roses. Old rose brocade has been
used on the furniture. The rug is taupe.
Rose and mauve shades are on the crystal
dressing table lights. Generous space per-
mits an open arrangement of furniture.
The pieces in themselves are unusual, espe-
cially the long dressing table bench. Deco-
rations by the Arden Studios

AND PLEASING

COLOR SCHEMES

Music rooms usually are of two kinds —
the spacious, formal hall in a large house,
equipped with organ, piano and smaller in-
struments in which one may give a concert,
and the more intimate music room where
only a favored jew may be entertained.
Delicacy of furnishing will characterize the
boudoir music room. An example of this
type is found in the New York home of
Mrs. Patrick White. The walls are of deep
ivory and the draperies of gray-green and
rose. The chandeliers are wrought bronze
with little china flowers. An old spinet
has been restrung for modern use. Hamp-
ton Shops, decorators

House & Garden

STATICES IN CALIFORNIA GARDENS

Perennial and Hybrid Forms Whose Varied Beauty and Wide Adaptability Give
Them an Important Place Among Garden Flowers

PERENNIAL statices of the type of arbo-
rea and magnified are of such striking and
varied beauty, are so easy to grow and de-
velop so rapidly, that they may well be regard-
ed as among our most valued and important
garden plants. The panicles of flowers raised
high above glossy green rosettes of leaves show
a rich diversity of soft blues and lavenders,
shades of rare worth to garden makers.

For effective massing statice has few if any
equals. It makes superb borders for drive-
ways, charming backgrounds for hardy borders,
a glorious frieze for a concrete or stone wall.
It may be used as individual specimens at the
turn of a path, corner of a house, by a sundial
or foot of pergola columns, as well as for dis-
plays in parks where its blue, age-defying blos-
soms make pools of color at the edge of trees or
cascades down hill-slopes. It makes a magnifi-
cent crown for a sea wall, actually drawing
vitality from the salt winds so destructive to

ELOISE ROORBACH

most plants, and is a most fair harmonizer in
small gardens, for its grayish, pastel shades
provide the misty, atmospheric tones needed to
reconcile the reds, yellows and pinks of a gen-
eral planting.

Though its greatest glory is reached in April
and May, in Southern California, there is
scarce a month when its tissue-papery flowers
are not unfolding or standing staunchly like
emblems of immortality among the other plants
whose blossoms endure but a day or so of sun.
Though with care it could be universally
grown, it reaches its highest state of perfection
in the milder sections of the coast near San
Diego, where there is no danger from frosts. It
will stand a great deal of neglect and drought,
which makes it most acceptable to owners of
large estates where it is impossible to give
every inch of ground perfect care. Statices will
thrive and keep beautiful any corner devoted
to them, through an entire season, even seeding
themselves and spreading out into waste lands
if permitted, covering the wild brown spaces
with a lovely mantle of blue. If any one would
take the trouble to scatter seeds in barren lots,
they would soon be fair as the biblical Field
of Ardath.

The popularity of this versatile and charm-
ing plant throughout Southern California is
due for the most part to the untiring experi-
ments of Miss Kate Sessions of San Diego, who
many years ago saw its possibilities as a gar-
den plant. She has not only taught people to
appreciate and to use it properly, but has

brought it into commercial importance. Her
first growings were the annual Statice sinuata
and the perennial tartaria. These were used
mostly for cut flowers and special places in
small gardens. Then she obtained from Mr.
C. H. Hovey of the Raymond Hotel gardens at
Pasadena, one pot grown, under lath, S. mag-
nifica, from which she obtained seedlings.
After this she received from Chas. Abraham-
son of San Francisco, an even better variety,
S. arborea, which has a tree-like manner of
growth, as its name implies. About six years
ago she obtained from the Golden Gate Park,
six plants of hybrid varieties. These she has
cherished in her experimental gardens at Pa-
cific Beach, where soil and climatic conditions
are most favorable, watching for variations of
leaf, habit of growth and color of bloom. All
developed exceptionally well and in course of
time seedlings sprang up which were replanted
(Continued on page 70)

An excellent
placing of Statice
magnifica at the
corner of a con-
crete house. The
flowers of this
variety are a
dark, rich blue

A single plant of
one of the hybrid
statices, pastel
blue in the sun-
light, with a
cluster of seed-
lings in bloom at
its base

shades and glossy green foliage mass together excellently

January. 1922

A terrace and garden are laid out
below the lodge. It is a commo-
dious building, affording room on
the rear level for four cars and
complete servants' quarters, and
on the upper level, a living room,
four chambers and two baths

The

LODGE and GARAGE
of JAMES R. CUSHMAN

NEWPORT, R. I.

A porch with pergola roof leads
off the living room. From this a
bridge spans the entrance drive
and crosses to another level. Con-
crete is used for walls. Gros-
venor Atterbury and Stowe
Phelps, associate architects

One of the most pleasant features
of this lodge is a porch swung out
over the rear garage doors. An
awning on iron supports gives it
shade. Flower boxes and vines
take away from the utilitarian
aspect of the building

House & Garden

AMERICAN FLOWER PAINTERS

While Not Painting Flower Documents, Our Modern Artists Are
Giving Us Remarkably Decorative Flower Groups

GILES EDGERTON

AT intervals through the
history of the world,
flowers have received
their just recognition — some-
times by garden lovers, some-
times by those lovers of all
beauty, the artists. There is
no excitement from color, no
stimulation from perfume, no
enchantment from fragile, if
infinitely perfect, form that
cannot be found in the flower
garden, or in those rich repro-
ductions of flowers that have
always followed in the train
of any special period of un-
usually fine interior decora-
tion. Oddly enough to many
of us these paintings of flow-
ers bring a romance that the
living flowers do not always
convey. Out in the garden,
flowers are so inevitable, so
at home, they seem linked up
so closely with the great im-
personal world of nature that
we grow oblivious to their
magic, as we, alas, so early in
life often forget the miracle
of the sky, the trees, the sun,
moon and stars; with them
flowers slip into that group of
accustomed things that no
longer seem able to astonish
and delight us. Thus it often
takes the fire of a painter's im-
agination to light our appre-
ciation of Nature's abundant
beauty, and avail ourselves of her inspiration.
Just now in America, with a greater love
of homes, with a finer sense of appreciation
for indoor beauty, with a much higher
standard of excellence in furniture and orna-
ment, we find again the art of flower paint-
ing reviving; not consciously or intentionally,
but to meet the need of color indoors that has
been supplied so lavishly from time to time
by the inspiration of the garden. We can
easily recall that the best period of Colonial
furnishings, brought us also the finest early
American flower paintings. This was true
also in Italy in the 17th Century and in
France in the time of Louis XV and XVI,
even still earlier when Jean-Baptiste Mon-
noyer and Jean-Baptiste Oudry did flower
paintings that illuminated their names for cen-
turies. Then later in France, Louis Sicard
and Antoine Villon created an art in the
presentation of flowers that equalled the best
days of those masters in flower paintings for
decoration, the artists in Flanders of the 16th
and 17th Centuries. The paintings of these
men were by no means flower documents, such
as were done later in England; neither were

Where a flower painting is in delicate tones, the most decorative effect is gained

by hanging it against rich old velvet as in the case of Jonas Lie's painting of

"Peonies" shown in the Arden Studios

A gorgeous painting to furnish the key-note in

decorating a brilliant modern room is W. J.

Glackens' "Midsummer Flowers"

they the impressionistic sort of
thing that we are now doing
in America. The spirit of dec-
oration controlled this period
of flower painting; the indi-
vidual flowers held a certain
botanical interest, were done
with knowledge of Nature and
a desire not to use her too ec-
centrically. These flower stud-
ies were conventional in tech-
nique as they were in spirit
and form. Elaborate detail
was given and a highly fin-
ished surface almost suggest-
ing enamel. There was but
little opportunity for grace in
this type of painting; the
forms were too compact, as
they were among the early
French flower painters. The
colors were fresh, are still
convincing, but without any of
the plcin air feeling that char-
acterizes modern flower paint-
ing in this country.

In a country where a thou-
sand dollars is paid for a
single tulip bulb, naturally
some respect would be paid to
flowers in the art world, and
in Holland at the end of the
16th Century a group of sig-
nificant men gave their atten-
tion to the painting of flower
pictures that were essentially
wall decorations. John Brueg-
hel, Daniel Seghers, and later
Verendael, Verbruggen and Van Huysum were
the leaders in a school of flower painting that
had almost the quality of a rich mosaic.

Thinking far past these painters of north-
ern Europe back into Egypt and Persia and
further yet into China, flowers were at inter-
vals an inspiration for the decorative spirit in
every kind of art, if not in the form of easel
pictures and wall panels they constantly fur-
nish the scene and the suggestion for endless
variation of permanently beautiful ornament.
And today to remember Japan brings a scent
of cherry blossoms, and the sullen old Nile
must forever come to us with the mysterious
lotus floating on its surface.

Since Colonial days there has been no such
widespread interest in America in flower paint-
ing as is springing up today. Although there
is no especial school of artists who constantly
find inspiration in the garden, some of our im-
portant artists are painting flowers in a man-
ner totally fresh and different from all ac-
cepted standards of early flower decoration.

About fifteen or twenty years ago quite a
vogue for the purely material side of flower
painting sprang up in America. Flowers

January, 1922

Sheer decorative beauty, suggesting scin-
tillating colors for a glowing room, is
seen in Matilda Brown's green and blue
flower painting

were made very real, the texture most care-
fully studied and quite botanically; they were
really flower documents and could have served
as illustrations for garden books. They were
so perfect in fact that upon going into a gar-
den one was quite likely to think, "Why, these
roses are as perfect as a painting!" The ar-
tists of this school sought not only the exact
shade, the precise number of petals, the very
texture of the petal, and all the thorns that
could be put on stems to make them
true to life, but a drop of dew was
often added and the water in the
glass bowl was made clear and
sparkling.

This was extremely interesting
work, it showed much research,
much love of the flower garden, it
was very educational and widely
popular. This type of flower
painting prevailed in England as
well as in America and not only
did it appear in easel pictures but
as decorations for china, for wall
papers, in fact, it invaded almost
every phase of industrial art.

There is not a shadow of this
point of view left in the art of the
modern American flower painters.
At present our big men handle a
bunch of flowers as though they
were seeing through the color, per-
ceiving beyond the perfume, sens-
ing out of the velvety texture a
finer essence of beauty — what
might be called the spirit of the
flower. In this search they paint
not merely petals and stems but
their own emotion over the beauty
of the flower. You see this won-
derful assembling of form and
color, you feel it quite alive, with
the power of growth and the power
)f fragrance, and you receive from
:he painting the sensation the artist

The strange forms and sul-
try beauty of the South
Sea Island flowers in Frank
Biddle's painting suggests
exotic decoration for an
unusual room — a boudoir
perhaps

"Water Lilies" by Leon Kroll are massed richly in
for mantel that would sound a brilliant note for a

a decorative painting
modern color scheme

A beautifully patterned flower piece in

both form and color by Eugene Speicher

furnishes the key-note for a fascinating

arrangement in his own studio

experienced when he did the sketch. It is
only a repetition of what the great musicians
do with sound. They are not contented to
imitate sound, to give you the tinkle of a bell
or the voice of a mocking-bird or the roar of
the ocean; they want rather when you are
hearing their great symphonies, their fanciful
and magical sonatas, that the miracle should
come to you of the joy you experience yourself
when you are hearing a bird sing or the ocean,
booming against rocks in a storm,
or they go beyond this and create
a sound that stirs your heart to
romance, that brings tears to your
eyes with the quality of sheer
wonder.

Art must forever be the Open
Sesame to a world of magic, the
power that gives wings to carry
you up to the very edge of the in-
finite; art must saturate your heart
with joy or wonder or terror, it
must break down barriers, it must
overwhelm your spirit. "For a
man's reach should exceed his
grasp or what's a Heaven for?"
Browning found the wisdom of
struggle, as all men who seek to
capture ineffable beauty must. And
once a man's imagination takes
flight, he cannot be content to cepy
Nature's finest moments; the love-
liest thing in the richest garden is
not enough. The artist can only
be satisfied if he has made you
think and feel and understand life
more piercingly.

Thus the modern flower painter
fashions his art; not consciously,
but instinctively. Whatever is
beautiful in face or form, in sound
or perfume, opens up new adven-
turous paths of beauty to him. In
painting a panel of flowers or a
(Continued on page 66)

House & Garden

CUPBOARDS THAT SAVE TIME AND STEPS

Some Suggestions for Built-in China Closets Between The
Dining Room and The Kitchen

HARRY C. RICHARDSON

THE china closets shown on these pages
are a far cry from the elaborate affairs
of our grandmothers' day that usually
showed so little relation to the architecture and
woodwork of the rest of the room. The shin-
ing rows of Lowestoft and Crown Derby could
not quite compensate for the awkward pieces
of furniture that fortunately of late have been
banished from our dining rooms.

The charming cupboards pictured here suc-
cessfully solve the problem of limited space.
They are not merely con-
venient and practical but
extremely decorative and
prove that this type of
cabinet when well designed
can be a charming and ef-
fective addition to the
modern dining room. They
have been planned pri-
marily for the small house
or apartment, the home that
employs only one maid.
The shelves built in the
wall between dining room
and kitchen hold no "best
dishes" but the china nec-
essary for everyday use.
They obviate the necessity
of a pantry and save
countless steps, time and
energy. The dishes are

To obviate the necessity of a
pantry, these china cupboards
have been designed with shelves
that go through to the kitchen.
Above is a built-in cabinet with
sliding mirror doors set in
'Drought-iron frames that can be
opened without removing any-
thing on the console

CONSOLE, TABLE-

washed in the kitchen, placed on the shelves
and reached from the dining room side when
the table is being set. During the dinner the
later courses and dessert can be placed on the
shelves ready for use; where two closets are
used, as shown in the sketch at the bottom of
the page, the dishes for the various courses
should be placed in one side and the other
kept clear to receive the used ones. If the
kitchen sink is placed near the two cupboards,
the saving of mileage will be appreciated by
any housewife.

In the sketch at the top
of the page is shown a
console effectively set with
flower vases and a bowl of
fruit. Above is a built-in
cupboard with sliding mir-
ror doors set in wrought-
iron frames, which can be
opened and closed without
removing any of the things

// the small formal dining room boasts
a fireplace, these mirror-doored cabinets
built in on either side would prove both
decorative and useful. The shelves go
through to the kitchen, thus saving
countless steps, time and energy for the
busy housewife to say nothing of econ-
omizing space

One of the simplest and least expensive
to instal of the inter-kitchen-dining
room cupboards is the corner cabinet
shown at the right. The shelves pro-
vide plenty of room for the dishes in
everyday use and silver, linen or elec-
trical appliances may be kept in the
lower part

DINING R°°M

January, 1922

on the table. If no console is
desired, this type of cabinet can
still be used and the doors hinged
to open outward.

One of the simplest and least
expensive installments for the
inter-kitchen and dining room
closet is the corner cupboard ar-
rangement found at the bottom
of page 40. It is effective in
any dining room, and its roomy
proportions make it a welcome
piece of furniture to the family
with many possessions and lim-
ited space. If desired, it may
be purely decorative, with gaily
painted shelves as a background
for one's cherished china. In
the lower part may be kept linen,
silver or electrical appliances.

The cabinet pictured at the
right has been designed to har-
monize with the old Queen
Anne walnut chest beneath it.
It is painted vermillion and the
glass front and sides are hung
with cretonne of Colonial days.
Like all the rest, this cupboard
opens through to the kitchen.

This white painted Georgian
cabinet with its beautifully
paneled doors makes an ex-
ceptionally beautiful cupboard
to be used between kitchen
and dining room. The lower
part might be used to hold
the linen in use every day

In a Georgian room the cab-
inet shown below would be not
only extremely practical but of
unusual decorative value as
well. The beautifully paneled
doors conceal ample shelf room
for china and glass and in the
roomy lower portion might be
kept the table linen in every-
day use.

A strictly modern cupboard is
also shown below. The middle
section contains shelves that go
through to the kitchen to hold
the glass and china continually
in use. The doors are of an-
tique glass, sufficiently opaque
to conceal the contents. On
either side are shelves which
could be painted a strong, deep
blue, as a fitting background for
some unusual bits of old china
not in use every day.

These inter-dining room
kitchen cabinets, so attractive in
design, are a boon to the busy
housewife, as they save time,
energy and the endless steps
.spent in going to and fro.

Particularly effective for use over an
antique Queen Anne walnut chest is
the vermillion painted cupboard
above with its glass doors and sides
hung with simple chintz of Colonial
days. The cupboard opens through to
the kitchen as shown on the diagram

At the right is a strictly mod-
ern cupboard. The shelves in
the center section hold the
china and glass in use con-
tinually, concealed by a door
of antique glass. In the spaces
on either side may be kept
one's pieces of cherished china

House & Garden

The front view of Mrs.
Arthur H. Marks' house
shows how admirably
the old has been blend-
ed with the new. The
original house consisted
of the portion between
the entrance portico
and the gable at the
end of the service wing

REMODELED

COLONIAL

HOUSE

On the garden side is a
loggia of Colonial de-
sign which connects the
living room and the
new music room. This
loggia is one of the
new features. Andrews,
Kantoul & Jones were
the architects

January, 1922

To the south is a broad
lawn irregularly bound-
ed with shrubs, instead
of the old-time farm-
yard which occupied
this space. All the
grading and planting
here has been accom-
plished during the past
two years

YORKTOWN
HEIGHTS

N. Y.

Opening directly of the
end of the music room
is a little brick paved
rose garden with a cen-
tral pool and stone
benches on either side.
A pipe organ is an im-
portant feature of the
interior of the room

THE

GAIETY

O F

House & Garden

BLACK

Far From Being a Somber Color Black Can Enliven Many a Color Scheme
And Set Off Its Various Hues

ETHEL DAVIS SEAL

with the

hours of the day, artists and decorators that the addition of

fleeting this bright-hued curtain, that

color, which may be the red-brown or brown
of mahogany, the cool brown of American wal-
nut, the nut brown of antique oak, the rich tone
of old ivory, the brilliance of enameled black.
Experiment with your furniture enough to
find out from which angle your mahogany
table receives that reflection of blue just dis-

mal melancholy, just let me take you to a

gay little room that I know where black

candles and cupboards fairly sing with delight, bowl or book, way down in its deepes depths,
black chintzes and chairs glow with color, and We are used to looking at our furniture and
the very sun is gay as it strikes aslant on the seeing only the general lines and the_ local
bowl of petunias and tawny zinnias on the
black table top. Ah, yes! there is plenty of
color in this gayly black little room: pools and
splashes of purple and yellow and red reflected
daringly into deep glistening surfaces, hues
seemingly more brilliant because they are sur-
rounded by shining areas of black. The
scheme grew from small be-
ginnings,— a mere length of
cretonne did the trick; and
because its gay black
ground formed such a set-
ting for the mauve birds
with orange wings and tails,
with yellow crests, the rich
blue branches with their
leaves of apple and jade
green and gold, it was easy
to see that black in the same
large masses that formed
the background of this cre-
tonne would also form gay
backgrounds in the furni-
ture of this dining room for
brilliant flowers and plates.
A pale, almost faded
looking mauve was chosen
for the walls, and so neu-
tral it was that it gave the
effect of warm grayness.
The furniture was enameled
black, the drawers and
shelves of the cupboards
and chests were painted a
brilliant jade green; the cre-
tonne was used to curtain
the windows and to cushion
the little black chairs; the
china was of that Japanese
kochi that comes in plain
brilliant colors: some was
black, some lemon yellow,
some old gold, some mauve,
rich blue, and a bit of
orange red lined with yel-
low gleamed here and there,

The gayest thing about this unusual living room is the settee done in black sateen
piped in orange and embroidered in wool roses. Gray walls and deep blue furni-
ture complete an interesting picture

china that had been picked up as it was needed,
and showing a glorious hodge-podge of color.
Black tapered candles in yellow crockery
sticks, pewter and peacock flower bowls, and a
rug of gray added notes of interest. This
dining room was as vital and alive and as
colorful as any I have ever seen.

For it must be understood at once that deco-
rative black things, and particularly black
furniture, are never dead black. No furniture
is dead, no matter what its color: it is vitally
alive with lights, and shadows, and color,

covered; and what causes that orange glow on
the front of your walnut buffet, the greenish
light on your antique oak desk, and the patch
of rose on your ivory dresser. All this will
lead up to your appreciation of black furniture
until you will find that it really does not look
black to you, but an adaptable surface for the
reflection of delightful color combinations in
your colorful room.

Not only does black take its place among
the colors of brilliance because of its power of
reflecting them, but it is a fact well known to

accent, intensifies and renders more gorgeous
any color harmony. Large quantities of black
in a room scheme, such as the gay little dining
room that has just been described, make it
more richly colorful; a small black object
added to a group of highly colored ones does
but enhance them; and a black ground, or bits
of black in the design, or a black outline do
much toward strengthening cretonne, designs
for pillows, table covers, and many other arti-
cles that are used to beautify a house. On
many pillows that I have
embroidered with gay col-
ored wool, I have used a
great deal of black in out-
lines, in edges, and in long
corner tassels; and one of
my choicest small runners
for a tiny tiptop table is of
black velvet lined with sil-
vercloth, and embroidered
in the ends with peacock,
jade green and yellow, with
silver centers in the flowers
and orange tassels at the
corners.

Black grounded cretonne
is always especially color-
ful; but it is not always the
heavily furnished room that
responds best to its use.
For, acting on the knowl-
edge that black is a power-
ful decorative medium, the
black ground of a hanging,
a screen, an upholstery,
gives a too pale and delicate
room the strength it needs.
The whitewashed walls and
pale gray paint sometimes
seen in the interior of a
country house positively re-
quire hangings of black gay
with orange and mauve and
rose, or some other colorful
combination; and the anae-
mic prettiness of the rose
bedroom is enhanced four-
fold by the addition of some
black and gold and blue.
The startlingly effective living room that I
have chosen to illustrate the decorative use of
black depends chiefly on its color scheme for
its unusualness. The lemon-cream walls, the
black floor, and the peacock woodwork would
start almost any room in the effective direc-
tion, and in this particular instance there is
little to be desired, since the room is as com-
fortable and cosy as many a more prosaic one.
It is not all dash and sparkle. Black is pres-
ent as an accent in the ivory grounded curtains
with their straggly flowers of deepest rose and

January, 1922

blue; in the black and gold lacquered
cabinets, Chinese Chippendale pieces
that are the room's proudest posses-
sion ; in the black lamp and shade, the
latter boasting figures of rose and
blue and gold. Black stripes the mo-
hair that upholsters the sofa and two
chairs that match it: noteworthy fur-
niture with frames lacquered in lemon
and gold, the mohair in rose, blue,
yellow and black. The lemon yellow
ruffled pillow placed in one corner of
the sofa has a deep pink rose with
black leaves in its center; the other
pillow is of black satin; the candle
sconce shades are black grounded
with decorations of yellow and rose;
the rugs are black and gray; the ivory
basket on the mantel is filled with
spun glass flowers of rose and black,
— a new feature and of great decora-
tive value if chosen carefully.

The gray walls and the ivory wood-
work of the other living room I have
chosen are seemingly more conven-
tional than the lemon and peacock of
the first one, but when upholstered
furniture of black sateen piped in
orange and embroidered in wool of
rose, orange and blue is installed, convention-
ality does not seem of much importance. And
it is thrown to the four winds when the furni-
ture is painted a rich dull blue, the floor is
covered with an ashes of roses carpet to match

Chinese red tables with black lacquer tops and gay black

grounded chintz are the striking notes in this informal

dining room

the silk gauze pull curtains at the windows,
and the overdrapes are made of an imported
linen, gray grounded, but stunningly figured
with flowers and leaves of orange, yellow, rose
and blue. There is another note of black to

be found in the black grounded glazed
chintz pillow roll that may be used on
the floor for the feet, or in any one of
the chairs; being glazed, it is easily
dusted. The bowl of rose and blue
flowers on the table beneath the mir-
ror is of black also; the chest is
painted in two shades of blue and
black; the mirror matches in color;
the little table is of plain blue; the
legs of the black sofa and chairs are
of blue.

I am also showing an informal din-
ing room in which gay black figures.
The furniture is frankly a Chinese
red, with the tops of the tables enam-
eled black. The chintz curtains are
black glazed chintz with tiny flowers
of red, blue and yellow, and the inner
curtains are of cream silk gauze with
tiny ruffles of plain red, yellow and
blue, one for each color. The walls
are cream like the woodwork, and the
floor a very dull blue, nearly covered
by an oval rug of black and gray.
The red chairs have tie-on pad cush-
ions of the chintz fastened with dull
gilt cords and tassels; there are an-
tique gilt pear-drop handles on the
serving table. The bowl on the table is of
brass, and there has been an effort to have as
much brass as possible in the room, since it is
very effective with this scheme. The china is
(Continued on page 58)

// black is used
floor complement

cleverly, as in the room above, the effect is bound to be charming. Lemon walls, peacock woodwork and a black
the yellow and gold furniture covered in striped mohair, the picturesque chintz hangings of blue and rose straggly
flowers on an ivory ground and the black and gold lacquer cabinets

House & Lr ar a e n

CUTTING THE COST OF ELECTRIC WIRING

It Is Cheaper to Provide for Ample Wiring and Outlets on the Plan
Than to Install Them After the House Is Built

CHARLES MAGEE ADAMS

ANYONE who undertakes home building
is faced with a good many details; de-
ciding whether the stairs shall come
down at the right or left, seeing that the pantry
shelves are not too high, that the fireplace has
a workable draught, and, of course, that every
available inch is devoted to closet space. But
any attention given electric wiring is generally
limited to trusting the contractor, yet a few
visits to new homes or conversations with those
who have built homes will show that to secure
the greatest economy and usefulness from wir-
ing the home -builder should give it much per-
sonal attention.

Not that architects and electrical contractors
are untrustworthy or incompetent. They sim-
ply cannot be expected to give the wiring un-
divided attention, because they first usually
find themselves occupied with problems of de-
sign and the second must of necessity keep all
the jobs under their charge moving toward
completion. The result is that every piece of
wiring, though embodying the best practice, is
as much like every other piece as adaptation
can make it, whereas it should be as sharply
individual as the house of which it is a part.
No one wants a house exactly like another's
because the requirements of no two families
are identical, and the same is true of electrical
wiring. This is one reason why the wiring
should receive the builder's attention, and the
other is that any changes or extensions after
construction will prove more costly.

WIRING is not like porch screening or
draperies. Once in, it is there to stay,
and any additions or alterations will
cost considerably more than they would if in-
cluded in the original construction, because, in
order to carry connections only a few feet it is
often necessary to pull up hardwood floors,
pierce concrete foundations, or "fish'' wires
through partitions.

So really adequate wiring should be planned
in the beginning, wiring that suits the house
and meets the needs of the family. The cost
will probably be increased, but this increase is
certain to be less than if the work were post-
poned until after original construction, and no
example of this is perhaps more to the point
than that of outlets.

Time was, not so many years ago, when
irons and vacuum cleaners were simply con-
nected to lamp sockets. Since then the number
of electrically heated and electrically driven
devices used in the home has increased to such
an extent that not even a socket for this pur-
pose on every fixture is sufficient and the fes-
toons of cord and the strain on fixtures have
made conditions so unsatisfactory that a fit-
ting known as a "convenience outlet", or out-
let box, has been developed.

This is a little metal-clad receptacle de-
signed for installation in the wall or baseboard

(special types are designed for the floor) set
flush with the surface and arranged for the
attachment of a two-blade plug or the Edison
base screw plug. Such an outlet proves more
satisfactory than the lamp socket because no
lamps will have to be removed while it is being
used, because it eliminates the dangling cord,
and because it has far greater current-carry-
ing capacity.

At least two should be installed in practi-
cally every room. Many rooms will require
from four to six in order to make adequate
provision for the convenient use of appliances
and lamps, and in any room the presence of
one of these outlets will be found more than
merely convenient. They consume no current.
Though all may not be used immediately, the
time is likely to come when a rearrangement
of furniture or the addition of more portable
lamps or appliances will disclose the need.

For example, if they are provided in living
room and dining room, the vacuum cleaner can
be operated in each on a short length of cord
without connecting it to a spare socket in the
hall with a half-mile of trailing cord, as is
usually the custom. Similarly (this will ap-
peal to the man of the house), if one is in-
stalled in the bathroom one of the radiant
heaters, so convenient on cold mornings, can
be plugged into it without cutting off any of
the light so necessary for agreeable shaving.

NEXT to outlets the most important de-
tail of wiring is switches. Switches
are expensive. As an item, their cost
for a given job may amount to more than the
wire. But instead of permitting architect or
contractor to stint, the home builder should be
particularly careful to see that switches are
provided plentifully, for they give electric
lights their element of convenience and make
current saving possible.

Of all switches the type generally most
neglected is that known as the three-way or
"three-point", the sort used to control a light
from either of two locations, hall lights from
upstairs or downstairs for example. This use
is generally the only one to which the switch
is ever put, whereas lights in the basement
can be controlled from the basement itself or
first floor, lights in the attic from the attic or
floor below, in the garage from garage or house,
and any of these or similar possibilities which
apply should be considered carefully because
the convenience is well worth the outlay.

Uniformity of location is always desirable
for switches, particularly when trying to find
the button in the dark. So, whenever possible,
have all installed at the same distance from
door frames, on the same side of doors, and
at the same height above the floor. If left to
themselves contractors will sometimes mount
switches shoulder high or higher, because this
saves material. For the greatest convenience

a switch should be at a height of from 48" to
54". Obviously switches must not be installed
back of doors.

It is customary too for contractors to group
the several switches in one room in a single
place. This is sometimes convenient, but more
often confusing, as everyone who has had the
experience of turning on three or four switches
before finding the right one can testify. If it
is desired to eliminate this, switches should be
divided, even to locating them at opposite sides
of the room.

OF actual illumination, practically the
only point that requires the attention of
the home builder is to see that ample
light is provided in all places where it may be
needed. The living room and dining room
are well taken care of as a rule, but in too
many cases the basement, attic, garage and
halls are given only perfunctory attention and
some architects and contractors even have a
tendency to consider bedrooms well lighted by
only a single wall bracket.

This is wrong. Light outlets should be pro-
vided at every point where they may be needed,
and the wiring plans should be checked to see
that this has been done before work is started.

Of the lesser details which go- to make up
the completely satisfactory job, one that is
obviously worth while yet often overlooked, is
pilot lights. These are small lamps, some-
times tinted, mounted in convenient locations
and connected so they will burn as "telltales"
whenever certain other lights are burning.

For example, a pilot light may be installed
in the back hall and connected to the base-
ment circuit. Then as long as basement lights
are burning this pilot will burn, thereby mak-
ing it unnecessary for your next-door neigh-
bour to come over to remind you that you've
left your lights on. In a similar way pilots
can be added to attic, garage, and porch cir-
cuits, and sometimes to electric ranges. Their
installation cost is seldom great and they will
generally show saving by preventing careless-
ness.

Added convenience can also be gained by
having the supply cabinet, the steel box con-
taining the fuses for branch circuits, placed in
hall or kitchen. This requires little attention
normally for fuses are seldom burned out. But
when one is burned out this cabinet must be
got at and speedily if service is to be resumed.

In the kitchen as well as in the bath and
laundry, porcelain sockets will be found to
give more agreeable results than the usual brass
type. Occasionally fixture wires inside the
sockets are loosened and come in contact with
the outer shell making it live. Then anyone
touching the shell, particularly with wet hands,
is likely to receive an unpleasant shock, and in
these locations or any other where the same
(Continued on page 72)

January, 1922

A GROUP OF FOUR
SMALL HOUSES

The home oj Reginald E. Marsh at
Bronxville, N. Y ., is a Colonial design
in stained hand-split shingles, green
shutters and a roof of rough green slate.
Porches at each end give the house bal-
ance. The front suite of bedrooms is
arranged for the master and children

Gillies

The plans of these two houses are sim-
ilar, except that they are reversed. They
are built side by side with the living
porches facing each other. Although
the color schemes are the same, from
the exteriors one would not realize that
they are similar in plan. Tooker &
Marsh, architects

The house of Thomas B. Gilchrist at
Bronxville, N. Y., has a stucco first story
and hand-split shingles above. The
roof is of green slate, and the shingles
are stained. A Germantown hood sepa-
rates the stucco from the shingles. This
style is especially suitable for a setting
among the trees

House o- O araen

The adaptability of English cottage styles to the American
suburban house is proven in the home of G. W. Warhurst,
at Philipse Manor, N. Y. It is of cream-colored stucco on
hollow tile with red brick sills and borders around the. doors

Blue-green shutters and a low roof with three shades^ of
green shingles combine to give the house effective coloring.
Its lines are simple, and decorative detail has been reduced
to the necessary minimum. Mr. Warhurst was the architect

As the house occupies a corner plot, it
is designed to have a porch on both
streets. The chambers, the living and
dining rooms each have three exposures,
affording good circulation

January, 1922

The home oj Fred Smith, at Baldwin,
L. I., is a pleasant adaptation of Colo-
nial styles to the modern small house
problem. The front sweep of the roof
is a feature that gives the house un-
usual character

The kitchen wing and porch include
interesting details — a brick chimney
stack advanced beyond the face of the
wall with a decorativ, lattice and a
brick floored porch enclosed with lattice
between the pillars

Downstairs the rooms are arranged in
the simplest possible fashion. There is
a house-depth living room on one side
the hall, with dining room, pantry and
kitchen on the other, the kitchen occu-
pying a wing

An ornate Colonial design pronounces
the importance of the front doorway.
Its carved frame and side lights are in
excellent scale. A brick floor gives
color to the porch. Mr. Smith was
the architect of his house

Upstairs the same simplicity is found
in the disposition of rooms. Two bed-
rooms and a bath are provided, with
a small library in the rear. Such a
house is adequate for the beginning
family

. .

House & Garden

ASSURING BETTER BREAKFASTS

A Breakfast Room Furnished To Catch The Morning Sun
Will Help Start The Day Aright

MARY H. NORTHEND

BREAKFAST is the one
meal of the day which
finds us most suscep-
tible to moods. According to
all traditions, we should rise
briskly. But contrary to pre-
conceived ideals, only too fre-
quently arising is a languorous
affair and progress toward ma-
tutinal nourishment halting
and punctuated by regretful
yawns.

However, our hesitant steps
quicken and our befogged con-
sciousness clears with miracu-
lous speed when the objective
in view is a naively gay, inti-
mate little breakfast room.

The breakfast room once
deemed a luxury is fast gain-
ing recognition as a practical
and desirable adjunct of the
home of moderate cost. In
fact, it has become a necessity
of proven worth, for when
properly treated, it insures a
felicitous beginning for each
new day.

The day when breakfast was
a highly solemn affair is for-
tunately past. Time was when
the entire family had to be as-
sembled, clothed in properly
decorous garments, before the
most famished member could
appease his hunger. The en-
tire ceremony was conducted in
the stately surroundings dedi-
cated to the rites of dinner.

How much more livable
does life become through the
innovation of the friendly, gay,
little breakfast room, its at-
mosphere in key with the
buoyant mood of opening day,
challenging grouchiness, ban-
ishing "blues" and giving a
fillip to the imagination.

So a tremendous responsibility devolves
upon this room — upon its location, its furnish-
ings and its decorations. It goes without say-
ing that the breakfast room should have a
place in the sun.

Aside from this one qualification, it shows
the most accommodating disposition by agree-
ably fitting into any available odd corner. In
the tiny house, perhaps it is but an alcove ad-
joining the living room or kitchen; or a sun-
room converted for an hour or so by setting up
a gate-leg or drop-leaf table. And if lack of
indoor space simply drive one to it, the expedi-
ent of converting the small side porch into a
breakfast room by screening it in summer and
glassing it in during the colder weather is by

A tile floor,
gay hangings
and painted
furniture give
this a sunny
aspect. L. B.
Hartwell, deco-
rator

no means a plan to be scorned.
But whatever its location, it
may be developed into the most
adorable little supplement to
the comfort and morale of the
entire family if approached in
a happy-go-lucky spirit. And
that is the way it should be ap-
proached, for here one may in-
dulge all the pet hobbies dili-
gently suppressed throughout
the rest of the home. Here
you may be futuristic, impres-
sionistic or Bolshevistic if you
so desire.

Informality is the keynote
of the room, for the simple
reason that breakfast has be-
come an admittedly informal
affair, the one meal that with
proper care most closely ap-
proximates the ideal of gas-
tronomic delight.

This room is a part, yet not
a part of the house, for it
shares in the sights and sounds
of the world outside as well.
If it be of the porch or sun
parlor type, the illusion of a
murmurous brook may be cre-
ated by the tinkle of falling
water in a fountain, whether it
be a simple wall basin of ce-
ment or a pool of rare marble,
embellished with sculpture.
And in the fountain, the cold
white of marble may be en-
livened with the darting flame
and gold of gliding fish, the
deep green of sea moss and the
tender tints of shells.

Spacious windows, early
sunlight and refreshing spots
of candid decoration make it a
jolly little room. If there be
an entrancing view, there can-
not be too much of it, but if a
lovely outlook must perforce
be forsworn, cottage chintz gay with joyously
blooming flowers and birds of vivid plumage
should curtain windows over inner draperies
heavy enough to conceal the lack of outdoor
beauty. Blossoming plants, a singing bird
and panels of lattice on which ivy is trained
will encourage forgetfulness of a sad outlook
and transform the room into a thing of joy.

For this is the room where caged birds are
happiest. It is difficult to imagine them long-
ing for freedom when they are imprisoned in
such delightfully ornamental cages as may be
found in some of the shops.

Even the master designers of olden days,
Chippendale and Sheraton, concentrated their
(Continued on page 58)

The Pullman
seat in a
kitchen alcove
will serve for
breakfast room
where the fam-
ily is small and
informal

January, 1922

PUTTING THE SERVICE ENTRY TO WORK

A Base of Operations For Daily Household Routine, It Can Be Equipped to
Help the Ease and Dispatch of Service

VERNA COOK SALOMONSKY

A patent garbage recep-
tacle sunk in the porch
floor obviates the offensive
can. Opens with a treadle

THE first step in systematizing
the business of housekeeping
is to provide a focal point for
all service activities. For such a pur-
pose it would be difficult to find a
more suitable place than the kitchen
entry, since it is here that many of the
household duties begin and end. The
butcher, the baker, the grocer all de-
liver their wares at the entry door,
and most of the waste must find its
way through the entry before being
removed from the house. By proper
arrangement several lines of com-
munication with other portions of the
house may be arranged, as, for in-
stance, the servants' stairs to the sec-
ond story may start here, and a door
into the front hall provides access from
the kitchen to the main entrance.

Practically the first thing that comes to
mind is that here is an excellent place to keep
brooms and other appliances. The sketch il-
lustrates a cabinet for this purpose, equipped
with hooks for brooms and brushes and with
shelves above for soaps and cleaning com-
pounds. A space has been reserved at the bot-
tom for buckets and watering cans.

Another cabinet to accommodate the maid's
cloak and aprons has also been provided. This
is of particular importance if the maid does
not live in the house.

The service entry is hardly complete with-
out including the package receiver built into
the exterior wall. For a small expenditure
this may be had in wood or metal ready to in-
stall and will prove itself a convenience worthy
of consideration. It is provided with an inner
and outer door, the latter locking automati-
cally when closed by the deliveryman. This

iWe
Garb.

KIT-
CHEN

Though slightly larger than usual, this type of entry would more
than repay the additional expense of including it in house plans

The package receiver set in
the wall expedites delivery.
It locks automatically
when closed from outside

receiver protects milk and perishable
foodstuffs from extremes of tempera-
ture and from cats and dogs.

The refrigerator is placed with its
back against the exterior wall to per-
mit icing from the outside.

A small service porch within easy
reach of the kitchen is a feature much
to be desired, especially so when pro-
vided with a simple wooden bench
for the maid. For the sake of privacy
and shade provide a lattice.

The use of the usual garbage can
might seriously impair the desirability
of the kitchen porch as a sort of out-
of-door work room were it not for the
patent garbage receptacle built in one
corner of the porch floor. A metal
lid operated by a foot-treadle obvi-
ates the necessity of stooping.

Beside the kitchen door
a closet is provided for
the maid's clothes. This
is especially useful if
the maid lives out or
for gardening and work
clothes of the men

To facilitate icing the
refrigerator is built into
the outside wall and
opens at the rear. The
broom closet is here and
the package receiver by
the rear door

House & Garden

POINTS ABOUT THE NEW DISHWASHERS

Whether in Small or Large Houses the Dishwashers Save Time and
Labor When Used Intelligently

ETHEL R. PEYSER

THERE is never any magic
about household equipment.
You must not expect it to do
the impossible. If you have a dish-
washer you must not expect it to do
any more processes of washing than
you expect of your player piano of
playing. The dishwasher is to
wash, the piano to play.

Many women have said, "I think
a dishwasher is a nuisance, you
have to stack your dishes, hand-
scrape pots and pans, carry water
by the pailful and then have the
job of cleaning the dishwasher it-
self. The only thing it does is to
wash off some of the dishes."

Well, it is only a dishwasher.
Doesn't the automobile have to be
cleaned and oiled ? Why should the
dishwasher be expected to polish
silver ?

Yet we do solemnly think that
the dishwasher attached to the
plumbing of the house, so that the
fresh water comes in unlifted by
the operator and goes out unheeded,
is the only dishwasher to buy, re-
gardless of how it is worked — by
hand, by water force or by elec-
tricity. This is only one type.

Some of the best dishwashers are
made unattached to the plumbing
so that they can be wheeled into the
dining room and be stacked as they
leave the table. This is a rather
perfect type for some homes, but one
must have it fixed so that when it

The simplest form of dishwasher consists of a stream of hot
water from a washing nozzle attached to the hot water faucet
and directed by hand. The nozzle contains a soap mixer,
operated by a thumb lever, so that soapy water is delivered
for washing and clear for rinsing. The dish pan has a splash
board. Courtesy of the Torrent Utilities Co.

A great convenience to the house-
holder is the dishwasher with a
flat top that can be used for
kitchen table when not in opera-
tion. Water is furnished by hand
or an installed pipe. Courtesy of
the Western Electric Co.

A dishwasher only 2' square, suit-
able for a small kitchen, is
equipped with a tray lifting de-
vice. When the lid is turned back
the rack of dishes is brought
within reach. Courtesy of the
Crescent Washing Machine Co.

arrives dish laden in the kitchen or
pantry it can be attached to the
water supply and emptied through
the sewer. This is the only way to
get maximum comfort, unless you or
your cook enjoys hauling pails of
water.

Yet we can imagine many women
who would rather haul water than
handle dish water. And here is
where the "unattached" dishwasher
wins out over the old-fashioned
style of washing dishes. The chances
of breakage are less where the dishes
are not washed separately and re-
handled for drying separately.
Dishes handled when dry do not
slip so readily, to fall or break.

For the most part these machines
are equipped with a motor which
propels a fan or paddle to spray or
"swish" and whirl the water about
among the dishes. The efficiency
depends not only on the speed the
water travels but on the direction.

For example, one of the most in-
teresting of dishwashers is not run
by hand or electricity, but is at-
tached to the drain and water sup-
ply. The hot water is distributed
and so forced against the dishes
that, without soap, they are washed
noiselessly. No soap is required
with this machine.

It has taken us a long time to be
sold to this dishwasher, but we are
convinced that it is the type to use
when one has to do one's own work.

January, 1922

If it has been possible to
use very hot water in your
dishwasher, you can leave
the top of your machine off
and the dishes will dry
without handwork. Of
course, there will be no pol-
ish on the glass and silver,
but they will be dry.

The following is advice
given by those who sell
dishwashers :

1. You must have hot
water — really hot water
— to use an electric
dishwasher successfully.

2. Use the soap powder the
manufacturer supplies
or recommends. Re-
member that suds are
unnecessary for cleans-
ing and are hard to
rinse off, anyway. You
need an ash powder
which will cut grease.

3. Dishes covered with
egg, flour mixtures, etc.,
should first tie held un-
der cold water. Hot
water boils these mix-
tures and makes them
stick closer to dishes.

4. Follow the manufactur-
er's directions as to
placing dishes, silver,
etc. Get the knack —
which is easily acquired
— of putting in the
dishes with the fewest
motions possible.

5. Experiment with the

much disputed point of whether dishwash-
ers will wash pots and pans. Most dish-
washers will clean them of everything ex-
cept burnt-on food or particles which have
to be taken off with a powder.

6. Note how easy it is to dry the silver and
polish glassware, and that while you are
doing this the china dries itself and needs
only to be put away.

7. If you have a small family do not wash
the dishes after every meal, but stack them
in the dishwasher and wash them once a
day, say after breakfast.

8. Remember that dishwashing is but one of
a series of kitchen operations. To begin
at the beginning, and to get the utmost
value out of the electric dishwasher, glass,
aluminum and enamel cooking utensils are
to be recommended, wherever possible
without handles, so that they do not take
up too much space in the machine. In
cooking and serving, clean up as you go,
using as few utensils as possible in your
cooking (all modern houseworkers recom-
mend this procedure, although it does not
always meet with the approval of house-
keepers generally), stacking bowls, plates,
spoons, etc., in the dishwasher as you work,
thus having a comparatively clean kitchen
when you are ready to serve the meal.

9. See that the dishwasher is properly placed
in relation to the entire dishwashing per-

Among the advantages of the portable dishwasher is that it can be wheeled into

the dining room or pantry and is easily accessible to shelves for putting dishes away.

It is plugged into a floor socket. Courtesy of the Whirlpool Mfg. Co.

Run by water force, this dishwasher is
installed near the faucet. Dishes are
placed in a rack from the front. It is
suitable for small households. Courtesy of
the Deitz Mfg. Co.

S3
•

formance. The ideal place-
ment is near the dining
room or pantry door, so that
it receives the dishes with-
out extra steps, and adja-
cent to cupboard where
dishes are put away.

You will perhaps think
this is a lot to do, but didn't
you have to learn to ''do"
things on your vacuum
cleaner, your washing ma-
chine, your typewriter, too?
Weren't you willing to learn
how to run your own car?

When buying a dish-
washer, look at the racks.
Be sure they are smooth and
easily cleaned, finished so
that there is naught to peel
off and catch food. Also
be sure these racks fit and
are not cantankerous in go-
ing back into the machine.
If they are difficult to ma-
nipulate the misery is un-
told.

In purchasing look for
the following points:

1. The dishwasher must
be smooth inside.

2. No corners to harbor
bits of food.

3. Self cleansing.

4. Dishes placed so as to
be unmovable and not
stick together.

5. Cost of electricity low,
from one to two cents
per washing.

6. Capacity to be con-
venient to your uses.

7. Operates in kitchen or pantry.

8. Operates from three to fifteen minutes.

9. The water penetrates all sides of dishes.
10. Easy to fill and empty whether attached

or unattached to water and outlet systems.

Some booklets advertise the fact that ma-
chines require only six quarts of water — less
water than in ordinary dishwashing. The
water, unless it is to be hand handled, need
not trouble anyone. But it is a well known
fact that dishes to be washed satisfactorily
must have water used on them without stint.

The most satisfactory soaps are the white
powders. A new powder, on the market, which
isn't soap at all, does not leave a greasy resi-
due and make a difficulty of cleaning out the
dishwater. In a good dishwasher, however,
the water force banishes residue of all kinds.

One manufacturer of a good dishwasher is
honest enough to say that for a good effect
silver and glasses should always be polished
coming out of the dishwasher, because any
method of washing will always leave a film.
Many a dishwasher has been sold on the pre-
text that this is unnecessary and the result has
been dissatisfaction and a psychological dis-
like of the machine.

To be sure, an ordinarily dirty pot or pan
can be cleaned on a dishwasher. The burnt-on
type of dirt must be scraped off by hand.
(Continued on page 66)

House

Garden

The inclosed garden
oj Mr. Thomas B.
Lament's New York
home suggests how
effectively the feel-
ing of the country
can be transported
to a city environ-
ment. The planting
is restrained and
thoroughly in keep-
ing with the house,
which is primarily a
•winter residence

Evergreen shrubs
and trees are massed
around the little
gate that leads in
from the street.
Against the brick
wall the varied
greens oj boxwood,
rhododendron and
cedar form a pleas-
ant contrast and
note oj color. Lewis
& Valentine, land-
scape gardeners

AN EVERGREEN GARDEN

WALKER & GILLETTE, Architects

TOWN

January, 1922

THE HOTBED AS A GARDEN NECESSITY

Properly Made and Managed, It Will Help You Realize that Perfection of
Gardening Results Which You Are Seeking

B. FRANCIS DASHIELL

A GOOD hotbed intel-
ligently made and
used is a necessary
part of the modern garden
and a source of unending
satisfaction to the home.
Every gardener should have
a good permanent hotbed,
for it will assure plants for
his grounds.

The principal purposes
of the hotbed are the pro-
duction of early vegetable
and flower plants for trans-
planting to the garden and
flower beds in the spring,
and also to force a supply
of fresh vegetables during
the winter season. Head
and leaf lettuce, radishes,
green onions, beets, endive,
spinach and parsley are
among the small low-grow-
ing vegetables that can be
brought to maturity in the
hotbed throughout the win-
ter months. So in this manner the hotbed in
connection with the garden can be made to
supply a constant growth of certain vegetables
all through the year.

The hotbed shown in the plans accompany-
ing this article is one that can be easily made
and used and contains several important and
improved features over the ordinary style of
hotbed. It is designed to fulfill the needs of
the average home and garden and will be
found to be a very satisfactory all-around type.
As a hotbed is in more or less continuous
operation it is self-evident that the construc-
tion should be permanent and of a
material that will withstand the
peculiar deteriorating properties
connected with the use of a hotbed.
Obviously, stone, brick or concrete
have the best lasting qualities.

The plans call for a hotbed with
3" concrete walls and inside dimen-
sions of 15' 2" in length and 5' 3"
in width. The walls are to extend
18" below the surface of the
ground. The front wall, which
should face to the south, is ex-
tended 12" above the surface and
the rear wall to the north extends
18" above the surface, or is 6"
higher than the front wall. This
bed will use as a covering five sec-
tions of standard 3' x 6' hotbed
sash glazed with 8" by 10" glass.
In making the walls allow for
spaces marked A in which to fit
the sash supporting rafters, which
are 3" wide and 1^" deep. Each
pair of sash is separated by a 1"

Hotbeds should have a southern exposure so that the sun's rays will supple-
ment the heat of the manure filling and stimulate seed germination and
growth. The planting rows run north and south

—•END -Vitw-

-B.T-D--

Concrete walls are the best and

most durable. They extend 18"

below the ground level

— vSfrCTIONAL— "ELEVATION —

AS>

ASM

— 5-0- <

— 2-IO- -

CO
i6

-TOP-Vl1±W-O:F-?10TE.E:D-

The sashes rest on the back and front walls, and on supports running
across the frame at 3' intervals. A special space may well be reserved
at one end of the bed for plants that have been transferred to pots

strip of the same thickness
as the sash nailed to the
center of the sash support.
End strips as at B and 2"
wide are fastened to the
tops of the end walls with
small bolts previously set
in the concrete before it
hardens. The sashes should
now fit snugly in position
and yet be free to slide
firmly in either direction.

One distinctive feature of
this hotbed is that all of the
sashes and their supports
can be removed from the
bed, thus leaving an unob-
structed space in which to
work. A hotbed derives its
heat by artificial means and
from the rays of the sun.
The artificial means is
usually supplied by fer-
menting manure. Shake
out the manure into a broad
flat heap in the bottom of
the bed and compact it thoroughly by tramp-
ing. The manure heap should be 14" deep
when compacted. The manure used should be
light, fresh and with sufficient straw to prevent
its packing soggy.

The sash should now be placed on for two
days to allow the bed to heat, after which a
layer of sifted rich loam should be spread over
the manure to a depth of 4" and the bed allowed
to heat for another three days, when it will be
ready for seeding as desired. During bright
days the bed will heat quickly and ventilation
will be necessary. Furnish this by sliding the
sashes down a few inches. Early
in the afternoon the bed should be
closed so as to heat before nightfall.
Water only on bright days in the
mornings so the plants will dry off
before night, otherwise there will
be danger of loss by damping-off
by mildew or fungus. Another fea-
ture of this hotbed is the provision
for a section for raising potted
plants or keeping outdoor plants
from freezing through the winter.

Winter lettuce, radishes, etc.
should be seeded in the fall and the
early winter months and in succes-
sion throughout the winter so as to
provide a continuous supply. The
early spring months such as Febru-
ary and March, are the usual time
for starting garden plants. Cauli-
flower, celery, cabbage, lettuce, to-
mato, pepper, eggplant, etc. should
all be seeded in the hotbed in these
months according to the location in
(Continued on page 72)

House & Garden

January

The new ruffled can-
no. Mrs. Pierre du
Pont is watermelon
pink. Conard& Jones

A good new dahlia

is Lake Superior,

deep orange salmon.

Geo. L. Stillman

Red Lambert is an
especially good fil-
bert, ripening late.
L. W. Hall Co., Inc.

THE GARDENER'S CALENDAR

SUNDAY

MONDAY

TUESDAY

WEDNESDAY

THURSDAY

FRIDAY

SATURDAY

1. The soil
in the growing
beds in the
greenhouse
should be top-
dressed with a
mixture of
equal parts of
turfy loam and
sheep manure.
This should be
scratched into
surface with
rake or claw,
then thorough-
ly watered.

2. Make a
blue - print of
your garden
and lay out
the crops in
proper rota-
tion. A plant-
ing plan that
has been well
studied out will
save time and
space, and cer-
tainly increase
the yield of the
garden the
coming season.

3. Start the
year right by
making an in-
ventory of your
garden sup-
p ies. Tools,
fertilizers,
seeds and other
necessities
should be list-
ed and orders
placed early
where new ones
are required.
Be sure your
list is complete.

4. Nitrate of
soda is one of
the best plant
invigorators
that we have.
It must not be
used exclusive-
ly, as it is not
a balanced
food ; but to
hasten growth
and increase
root action it
is Indispens-
able If used
properly.

5. It Is quite
safe now to
force any of the
bulbous plants
that have been
buried long
enough to have
built up a sub-
stantial rooting
system. Most
of these bulb-
ous plants call
for low tem-
perature and
plenty of wa-
ter.

6. In case of
severe freezing
weather, don't
fail to pile
plenty of leaves
on the vege-
table trenches
to protect them
from the frost.
Always keep
tar-paper over
the leaves, to
keep out the
water. If any
gets In the frost
will follow.

7. Have you
ever thought
seriously of the
advantages of
an orchard?
Don't reason
that It takes
too long to
grow a produc-
tive orchard —
if our forefath-
ers had felt
that way about
it, we should be
the losers. Start
one this year.

8. Do. not
postpone the
ordering of
vour garden
seeds — make
the order out
now. If you
have made the
proper garden
notes this will
be an easy task.
Our advice to
expert as well
as beginner is
to buy the best
quality.

9. The soil
in the house-
plant pots
should be top-
dressed with
sheep manure
or some of the
regular plant
foods that
come for the
purpose. And
do not forget
to sponge the
foliage fre-
quently with
insecticide.

10. Why not
buy some
houses for the
birds, those ne-
ver-tiri ng
friends of the
gardener.
Rustic ones are
practical and
ornamental ,
and there are
other good
styles. They
should be put
up before
spring opens.

11. The gar-
den furniture
should be
painted while
it Is stored for
the winter. All
tools that are
left out during
the growing
season should
also be painted.
This is much
better than fre-
quently buying
new ones as
replacements.

12. Specimen
trees of all
kinds can be
easily trans-
planted If they
are cut out
with fair-sized
balls of earth
and allowed to
freeze before
handling. This
is a very safe
method of
handling sub-
jects of this
class.

13. This is
the logical time
to plan a small
fruit garden
c omp rising
blackberries,
raspberries,
dewberries,
currants,
gooseberries
and strawber-
ries. It may be
located at one
side of the gar-
den or entirely
separated.

14. The green-
house plants
ni u ^ i be
sprayed fre-
quently with a
strong force of
water to keep
the red spider
in check. This
is one of our
worst green-
house pests if
neglected, yet
the easiest of
all to keep un-
der control.

15. Roses and
carnations

must be kept
disbudded if
you want high
quality flowers.
It is important
that this be at-
tended to when
the buds are
small, in order
to conserve the
strength of the
plants and con-
centrate it in
the blossoms.

16. What
about the per-
gola you have
been consider-
ing so long.
You might as
well order the
arbor and vines
at the same
time, which
means now .
Bear in mind
that goods may
be scarce, and
that orders are
filled in turn.

17. The soil
on top of the
benches and
pots In the
g reenhouse
should be kept
-stirred con-
stantly. Plants
that are being
forced suffer
because of lack
of air, the sup-
ply ol which
can be In-
creased by
cultivation.

18. All hardy,
hard - wooded
plants such as
lilacs, wistaria,
deutzia, etc.,
may now be
brought into
the warm
greenhouse.
Keep the wood
well moistened
by frequent
sprayings until
the buds start
to open along
the stems.

19. Trees
that are cover-
ed with moss
can be easily
cleaned by-
scrubbing with
wire brushes,
or spraying
with a light so-
lution of caus-
tic soda. Damp
weather is the
best time for
the former
method of
treatment.

20. Do not
scrape loose
bark from trees
with a scraper;
it is impossible
to get into all
the crevices,
and much live
bark is re-
moved in the
operation. In
this way more
harm than
good will be the
probable final
result.

21. Rhubarb
may be grown
successfull y
under the
benches in the
greenhouse, or
in the cellar of
the dwelling.
Lift good-sized
clumps from
the garden and
plant them in
light soil, keep-
ing the tops
dark until they
develop.

22. Pea brush,
bean poles, etc.,
may be gath-
ered any time
now and
stacked away
for use at the
proper time.
Their butts
should be prop-
erly pointed
with an axe to
save work later
on in the son-
son when time
presses .

23. Why not
get the manure
carted into the
garden while
the ground is
still frozen.
This is some-
times left until
spring, and
then the paths
and borders
are torn up un-
necessarily by
the wagons and
horses going
back and forth.

24. Destroy
all caterpillar
nests on the
trees. An as-
bestos torch is
a good tool for
the work, al-
t hough one
made of burlap
and soaked in
kerosene so as
to burn will
answer every
practical re-
quirement of
use.

25. Seed sow-
ing time will
soon be here.
Have you all
the material
ready— soil
which has been
screened, sand,
stones or brok-
en flower pots
for drainage,
moss, boxes,
seed pans, label
sticks, etc.? If
not, better get
them at once.

26. One of
our finest salad
vegetables is
what we call
chicory or
French endive.
From mature
roots this plant
is easily forced
in any warm
house cellar or
under the
benches in the
greenhouse. It
yields abun-
dantly.

27. All edged
tools should be
gone over and
sharpened for
the coming sea-
s o n . New
handles should
be placed in
tools that re-
quire them, and
the lawn-
mowers should
be overhauled
while you have
ample time to
do it right.

28. Now is
the time to or-
der garden fur-
nishings — a
settee, an
arched arbor, a
sundial or urn.
Somewhere on
your grounds
there Is a point
which can be
made more at-
tractive, more
interesting by
adding one of
these.

29. Why not
order or build
some forcing
Inimes to help
the garden
along this sea-
son. You will
be surprised to
find how easily
theycan be
constructed
and how mucli
better garden
you will have
by using them
consistently.

30. Prepara-
tion should be
made to re-pot
all exotic
plants, as they
will soon begin
active growth.
Use plenty of
drainage in the
bottom of the
pot and have
the soil so that
it will not be-
come sodden
if over-watered
by mistake.

31. Cut
branches of any
of the early
flowering
shrubs such as
pussy-willow,
flre bush, gold-
en bell, etc.,
will flower if
placed in jars
of water in a
warm room. A
little later,
cherry and ap-
p 1 e can be
forced.

This Calendar of the gardener's labors is aimed as
a reminder for undertaking all his tasks in season.
It is fitted to the latitude of the Middle States, but
its service should be available for the whole country
if it be remembered that for every one hundred
miles north or south there is a difference of from
five to seven days later or earlier in performing

for an average season.

JN the belief that readers of HOUSE & GARDEN will be inte
•* or little knou'-n introductions offered by the leading sec
beginning this month to illustrate the Gardener's Calendar

It is our purpose to continue this plan throughout the
present the subject in the most concise manner. If you
the plants illustrated, you can secure it by writing direct!

Old Doc Lemmon has not discontinued his contribution
pies. His u-oodpile philosophy will be resumed in the Feb
reach his writing hand, we hope to chronicle it each mctith

rested in seeing photographs tf the good new

with these worthy subjects.

year, as we feel that by following it we can
wish more detailed information about any of
y to the introducers.

s to the space which this announcement occu-
ruary issue and, if the "rheumatiz" does not
thereafter.
— The Editors.

First Month

Double Yield Golden

Bantam produces 2

to 4 ears on a stalk.

Hart &• Vick

Giant White is a
well named 1922 in-
troduction of pure
color. Burpee

New snapdragons
are Apple Blossom
and Lilac Spray.
Beckert's Seed Store

Sunnybrook is a new scarlet colored pepper

with remarkably sweet flesh. Early and

heavy cropper, semi-dwarf. Courtesy W.

Atlee Burpee Co.

A symmetrical, pyramidal shape and silvery

blue color characterize the silver juniper,

which can be grown both North and South.

D. Hill Nursery Co., Inc.

Some of the flowers of these amaryllis hy-
brids measure 14" in diameter. They bloom
two or three times a year, instead of once.
Richard Diener Co., Inc.

January, 1922

This company has been engaged in the
making of Architectural Woodwork for
more than fifty years. The illustration
shows a portion of the Saloon Passengers1
Lounge, Cunard Building, New York City.

BENJAMIN WISTAR MORRIS
^Architect

CARRERE and HASTINGS
cAssoctate ^Architects

MATTHEWS BROTHERS MABJUKACTURIIVG
ARCHITECTURAL,

KMT.\ m.i^n !•: i < I .--i I '•','

House & Garden

' -

Monarch Metal Strips keep
out 40% more Cold Air
than any other Weather Strips

Applied as elastic fillers
not as covers for cracks

MONARCH Metal Weather Strips differ from
all other weather strips in that they are
applied in spaces around windows, doors and tran-
soms as elastic fillers, not as covers of the cracks.

The exclusive Monarch floating contact provides
a constant weather-proof fit regardless of any
swelling, shrinking or warping of the wood to
which the strips are attached.

Because no other strips follow the wood and keep
the contact over cracks constant and even, in test
after test by foremost building engineers, it has
been proved that Monarch Strips keep out 40%
more cold air than any other weather strips.

Another great advantage from the elastic quality
of Monarch Strips is that windows, doors and
transoms open and close without the slightest
sticking or binding.

Accuracy of manufacture by special
machinery insures accurate fitting
of all Monarch Metal Weather
Strips — quickly and economically
installed.

Look up Monarch in the telephone
book. If you shouldn't find it,
write direct to the factory, and
we'll mail you full information.

An illustration of the ex-
clusive Monarch tube with-
in a lube. The metal
lube on the sash fits over
the metal tube on the
trome. Frictionless and
iceather-proof contact be-
tween than floats and is
kept constant, regardless
of anu welling or shrink-
ing of wood parts of the
tririiluw, because of the
fterible construction of
the strip on the frame.

MONARCH METAL PRODUCTS Co.

Makers of Monarch Hardware
5000 Penrose St., ST. LOUIS, U. S. A.

Canadian Branch:

King Construction Co., Ltd.,

40 Dover Court Road, Toronto, Canada

METAL WEATHER STRIPS

The Gaiety of Black

(Continued from page 45)

black as a background, lined with white.

Varying tones of rose, blue and yel-
low seem to be particularly happy with
black, but if it will be remembered how
many tones there are of these individual
colors, the combinations may be varied
indefinitely. Green is another color that
may be managed with black, if yellow
be used also. An attractive bedroom
done in ivory may rely for its character
upon the black notes used. Black, rose
and green curtains may be lined with
rose, fairly singing forth in their con-
trast with ivory walls, woodwork, and
furniture; lampshades of rose and a rug
chiefly black make the scheme one of
strength and restful charm.

Nowadays everyone laughs at the old-
fashioned and uncomfortable black
horsehair furniture. It is the furniture
itself and the dingy schemes that were
designed to envelop it, not its color, that
make it the subject of ridicule today.
If one owns horsehair furniture, and

there is no other in sight, who says it
could not be decoratively managed in
an airy room with ivory woodwork and
mulberry walls, real flowers in pewter
bowls, and gay cretonne? So much de-
pends upon what one does with any-
thing !

And as for sighing and submitting to
golden oak, or bird's eye, or shabby
Mission, or the hundred and one other
ills that flesh is heir to ! When you
can't afford to buy new things, paint
your old ones! How many times I
have loved my painted tables and chairs
so much I could never bear to think of
replacing them: and I consider my
black enamel can a panacea indeed.
When in doubt as to what color to paint
a piece of furniture, paint it black:
there is a sheen to black enameled fur-
niture that catches every ray of sun,
every neighboring splash of color; it
blends with other things; and brilliant
colors on or near it prove a constant joy.

Assuring Better Breakfasts

(Continued from page 50)

efforts upon the bird cage and the prod-
ucts of their craft display in their
charming details the skill and art that
distinguish the furniture and decoration
of 18th Century England.

Vivid pheasants, peacocks and gaudy
parrots may dazzlingly disport their
vivid plumage on chintz curtains at the
windows or cushions in a recessed seat.
In the curtaining of this room, happy
results may be obtained through the use
of two pairs of short, thin curtains, one
for each sash, with side draperies of
some patterned material wherein you
may pander to that guilty passion for
barbaric color secretly flourishing in the
best of us. Small patches of aggressive
primary color may be woven into effects
of sparkling freshness in daring cretonnes
combined with sedately neutral ma-
terials.

But cretonne does not carry the bur-
den of decorative curtaining alone, for
colored madras, awning cloth, terry
cloth, printed linen or printed India
cotton nobly lend assistance. The study
of hangings alone is indubitably allur-
ing, due to the vast range of fabrics,
and the variety in size, character and
;rouping of the windows.

Even with the maximum of windows,
;here is certain to be some wall space
n the breakfast room and this must
)e light and cheerful. Yellow, pale
jreen, blue or white combined with other
:ones make splendid settings. Wall
capers showing Chinese designs in light
Dlues and light grays are daintily pleas-
rig. Woodwork a bit darker, wicker
furniture painted light blue with gray
cushions, and gray and gold striped sun-
rast at the windows make for a peace-
'ully happy breakfast room.

There is about the plaster wall a
lavor of the Italian loggia, reminiscent
of sapphire clear lakes overhung by em-
jowered porticos pierced with shafts of
hammering sunlight. The plaster may
>e tinted warm ivory yellow, pale blue
or green and show a stenciled design,
jerhaps of Italian silhouettes in black —
youths and maidens dancing in carefree
•evelry across the wall. With such a
jackground, use simple iron garden fur-
niture painted green and cushioned in
>utty color linen with green tassels. At
:he windows, the yellow piping of the
.imple blue silk curtains and yellow ro-
settes tying them back entice answering
;lints of sunshine from the out-of-doors.

In such a room, a hardwood floor is
:ntirely out of keeping, and if already
nstalled, should be covered with some
suitable material, such as Japanese rush
mats or Chinese fiber rugs in the inter-
esting patterns and virile colorings de-

signed for porch and country house use.
At any rate, avoid conventional and
costly rugs.

But for the floor itself, tile brick and
composition have about equal advan-
tages. The variety of designs and colors
in which tile is manufactured makes it
especially good, for delightful effects
may be obtained through laying two or
more colors in ornamental patterns. For
instance, in one adorable breakfast room,
floor and wainscot are of square tiles in
saffron yellow with borders of black.
The walls are painted yellow-gray with a
lively stenciled border of black and red.
On gray painted chairs are yellow cush-
ions with gay red tassels, and on the
table and in the yellow tile window
boxes there is a glorious riot of scarlet
geraniums amid their satiny green
foliage.

Equally satisfying for gayer tastes is
a breakfast room of orange and black — •
always a piquant combination — inter-
spersed with patches of green-blue. Plas-
ter walls are of yellow-orange, and the
floor is covered with a black rug. Green-
blue and orange play against a black
background in striped cretonne curtains,
and the green-blue painted furniture
shows decorations of orange flecked with
scarlet and accented with lines of black.

A delicate green trellis clothed with
the deeper green of trailing vines forms
the most esthetically satisfying of back-
grounds, so satisfying that it quite over-
steps the bounds of background con-
ventions and dominates the entire room,
for at one end, there may be a green
marble basin filled with water plants
carrying out the illusion of some wood-
land glade or bosky dell. With soft
brown flax carpet and blue plaster walls
behind the trelliage, like azure sky seen
through delicate green tracery, the im-
agery is complete. Tinted shades flood
the room with pale blue-green light and
the outlines of green and mauve furni-
ture are softened until they seem a part
of their very surroundings.

The rose and gray room is essentially
French, yet it is so exquisitely appealing
in its daintiness that not even the gruff
master of the home could be heartless
enough to complain of its saccharine
effeminacy. Besides, many windows
and growing plants give it a freshness
that retrieves it from association with
the boudoir.

Simplicity to the nth degree distin-
guishes one charming breakfast room
done in the Colonial spirit. The walls
are painted white above low white wain-
scot, and the ceiling of white boarding
is broken by brown stained rafters. The
(Continued on page 60)

January, 1922

WHO PAYS FOR THE SPECIAL DISCOUNT?

Maybe your dealer has offered you a "special
discount" on this or that make of tire.

Think his proposition over.

Ask yourself who pays for this sales inducement.

Is the dealer generously sacrificing his profit
— the manufacturer his?

Or is the equivalent of the discount being
taken out of the tire?

Think it over.

The immense popularity of Goodyear Tires has
been built up without the aid of fictitious sales
inducements of any kind.

The extra profit we might have allowed the
dealer for the purpose of "special discounts,"
we are putting into the tire in extra value.

Wouldn't you rather have it there, than in a
"special discount"?

Wouldn't you rather buy mileage, than a
"bargain"?

We are building Goodyear Tires better today
than ever before.

We are making them larger, heavier, stronger,
more durable.

Are you using them?

More people ride on Goodyear Tires than on
any other kind.

THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY

Offices Throughout the World

Goodyear Heavy Tourist Tubes are especially thick, sturdy and
long-lived. They come packed in a heavy, waterproof tag.
More people ride on Goodyear Tubes than on any other kind

FREE-This Book on
Home Beautifying

This book contains prac-
tical suggestions on how
to make your home artis-
tic, cheery and inviting.
Explains how you can
easily and economically
refinish and keep furni-
ture, woodwork, floors
and linoleum in perfect
condition. Tells just what materials to use and
how to apply them. Includes color card, gives
covering capacities, etc.

JOHNSON'S

Pasfe 'Liquid 'Powdered

PREPARED WAX

Johnson's Prepared Wax
comes in three convenient
forms — Paste Wax for pol-
ishing floors and linoleum —
Liquid Wax the dust-proof
polish for furniture, wood-
work, and automobiles —
Powdered Wax for dancing.

Johnson's Prepared Wax
cleans, polishes, preserves
and protects — all in one oper-
ation. It does not catch dust
and lint — takes all the drudg-
ery from dusting - — rejuve-
nates the original finish and
gives an air of immaculate
cleanliness.

$3.85 Floor Polishing Outfit for $3.OO

With this outfit you can easily keep your floors and
linoleum like new. The brush will last for years and

save many times its cost. The

outfit includes:

1 --Weighted Johnson's Floor

Polishing Brush $3.00

I—Pint Johnson's Prepared

Wax (paste or liquid) . . .85

$3.85
(For $3.00. See your dealer).

This special offer is good
through dealers — or send
$3.00 direct to us. (Send
$3.50 if beyond the Ohio or
Missouri. )

My Paint Dealer is.

My Name
My Address

S. C. JOHNSON & SON, Dept. HG1, Racine, Wis. •

(Canadian Factory — Brantford)

I1
Please send me. free and postpaid, your book on Home Beautifying, "The I
Proper Treatment for Floors, Woodwork and Furniture."

House & Garden

Assuring Better Breakfasts

(Continued from page 58)

floor is of smooth gray stones laid in
white bond, and the furniture of the
Windsor type is dark brown. On the
gate-leg table is kept a brass bowl filled
with flowers in varying shades of rose
and red, and window boxes along two
sides of the room are gay with brilliant
begonias and delicate ferns.

The room would have been equally
lovely had the furniture been painted
yellow with decorations of bright posies
poking inquisitive heads from a black
latticed basket. Indeed, the delightful
possibilities presented by painted furni-
ture in the breakfast room are legion,
for this type meets the demands of the
situation better than anything else, and
fortunately may now be had in every
form and at any price.

There are the stout little peasant types
painted in vigorous shades, more elab-
orate sets of exquisite contour and slen-
der lines, and simple ones delightful in
their unassuming charm. A set painted
soft cream color with dainty floral dec-
orations is enhanced by cool cane seats.
Set on a blue rug in a room with warm,
gray walls and windows hung with
crisp muslin under richly flowered cre-
tonne, there is a breakfast room whose
tranquil atmosphere guarantees a peace-
ful commencement for the day.

Then there is to be considered the
added inducement of china, glass, silver
and linen to make the meal palatable.
The china may be Royal Minton with
its very attractive design of garlands,
and the cloth of linen, hemstitched in
some contrasting shade. The linen need
not necessarily be natural in color, for
sometimes the most delightful effects
may be secured through the use of some
harmonious tint in table napery.

Linen of canary yellow embroidered
in blue has a daffodil charm, and a hem-
stitched rose color cloth with old blue
and white china casts a rosy glow over
the most commonplace meal. Engaging-
ly springlike is a square table cover of
green with colorful nosegays in rose,
blue and gold in each corner. With this,
use the simple Breton peasant ware with
bright flowers on a creamy ground.

Breakfast table covers adorned with
cross-stitch patterns are very fetching,
for the work has a colorful, zigzaggy
charm attributable to no other form of

embroidery, and has the additional ad-
vantage of being simple of execution.
Quaint flowers, figures and birds in
blues, yellow, pink, green and purple on
natural linen are all effective.

The buffet breakfast is an adequate
solution of the vexing question: how to
play the agreeable hostess to the dilatory
house guest and yet retain the services
of maids who find the elastic breakfast
hour not at all to their liking. Most in-
formal of all breakfast services, it in-
vites a light-hearted camaraderie certain
to make the morning meal gay with an
accompanying patter of sprightly com-
ment.

The long buffet in one side of the
breakfast room may be covered with a
filet runner, and on it disposed every
facility to expedite service. There must
be a coffee percolator or urn with a low
heat keeping coffee warm, cream and
sugar and plenty of cups and saucers. In
the center, place a silver dish with two
compartments wherein cereal and eggs
may be kept warm with the blaze of an
alcohol lamp. Then, the flat silver and
plates and the service is complete.

Much of the old buffet silver and that
of modern American manufacturers is
interesting in design. Electrical break-
fast grills, toasters and a host of other
contrivances of modern ingenuity are
joys to the house guests and hostess.
Coffee boils and bubbles merrily, slices
of bread are transformed into delectably
brown, "crunchy" toast, and eggs and
cereal prepared in a trice through the
manipulation of a few switches. The
gleam of silver and crystal, and the
color of fruit piled high give a decora-
tive touch to the buffet.

Should the intimate proportions of the
cosy breakfast room prove a bit too
cramped during a house party, say, its
cheer need not be forsworn in favor of
the more commodious formal dining
apartment, for the regulation table in
the center of the room may take its place
by one of the windows and several of
the folding oval tuckaway tables prove
just how convenient they may be. With
a couple of them disposed about the
room during the morning hours, ade-
quate accommodations are provided
should the guests decide to descend to
the morning meal en masse.

If You Are Going to Build

(Continued from page 24)

think of windows very definitely in re-
lation to the architectural beauty of the
exterior. In addition to the slope of the
roof, the certain way of making a sim-
ple house picturesque is by an interest-
ing group of windows or the right spac-
ing of single windows. You must re-
member, of course, even when thinking
of windows architecturally, that they
are also means of getting light and air
and it takes a rare combination of com-
mon sense and architectural experience
to so design and place windows that
they are convenient for the inside of the
house as well as an interesting and ap-
propriate architectural detail. This
problem of convenience within and
beauty without engrosses an architect's
utmost imagination, and often then a
compromise is necessary, with light sac-
rificed to beauty or beauty to light.

To realize how vastly important
imaginative fenestration is to fine archi-
tectural effect, think of an old Tudor
house, say Haddon Hall, built back in
the 16th Century, and in place of the
wide and high groups of casement win-
dows overhung with ivy and topped
with savage battlements, scatter about
over the faqade, irregularly, some sim-
ple, square, double-hung windows and
you will find that you have wiped out
of existence the beauty that has made

this English castle famous for centuries.
Or picture Notre Dame with dormer
windows instead of Gothic, and imagine
some of the fine Colonial houses in Sa-
lem with narrow, high French windows,
and think of a high-peaked chateau
with low casement windows!

For many centuries in the past win-
dows grew out of certain architectural
necessities. Today the type and placing
of windows has as much to do with in-
door comfort as outdoor beauty. Thus
there is a reason for every type and
every variation of type of window and
it is well to remember when you are ar-
ranging your floor plans and lighting
your interior space that you are making
or marring the beauty of the outside of
your house. Even for a little house
think about your windows in a big way.

Fortunately for the average build-
ing, the actual construction of windows
may be undertaken today by the manu-
facturers of stock supplies. There is no
reason to be alarmed at the word
"stock"; it doesn't mean one kind of
window for every kind of house. You
can secure large varieties of interesting,
well-made windows ready to use and fit-
ted to all usual architectural styles.

There are three almost universal types
of windows that fit in almost any aver-
(Continued on page 62)

January, 1922

P. JACKSON HIGGS

Antiques, Furniture, Silver, Paintings, Interior

Decorations, Reproductions, Rare objects in Old

English silver, Chinese porcelains • — every

specimen guaranteed.

Our decorating department will We can supply a particular piece or
gladly assist in planning period a room full of choice antique spec-
interiors, panelled rooms and sup- imens and make accurate repro-
ply hangings, floor coverings, etc. ductions of rare antique furniture.

Inquiries by letter will be promptly attended to
1 1 EAST 54TH STREET NEW YORK CITY

Lounge of Grace Dodge Hostel, Washington, D. C.
Architect, Duncan Candler.

Can You Find
The Radiators In This Room?

You may be able to surmise where they are, but can
you be definitely sure?

If there is any such doubt about it, wouldn't you say

it was abundant evidence of the absolute perfection

of radiator concealment?

If you could have a like result, your decided objection

to having radiators is overcome.

You now know you can have all the comfort and

efficiency of radiator heats, and still have none of its

most glaring objection.

T & B Radiator Enclosure Grilles of Decorative

Metal makes it all possible.

Send at once for booklet called : Radiator Enclosures,

It is filled with enclosure ideas fitting for widely

varying room treatments.

TUTTLE & BAILEY MFG Co.

2 West 45th St. New York

Fireplace Equipment and Hand Wrought Metal Work
Authentic Reproductions of Quaint and Interesting

ANTIQUE
FIRETOOLS

1516-Brass
1517-Brass
1003...

1307-3 pieces $35.00

1309-3 pieces
1313-Brass .
1326-3 pieces
1327-Brass .
1334-3 nieces

I'.S.IKI
S.OIJ
3.-I.IHI

ii.no

45 Illl

1612 pr. 15.00

1702-Plain
II 03-Plain
1705-DecorM. 15.00
1801-Br. top. 15.00
1S04-A11 br. . 22.00
lS05-Br. top.
1S06-B1- & st
2007-Deeorl
2010-Brass
2206-Wrt. Iron 55. Of
2701-Brass .. 15.0C

6101 58.00

(shade extra)

SHOW ROOMS

ARTHUR TODHUNTER

101 Park Avenue, (cor. 40th St.)

NEW YORK

Georgian Sconce Bracket of pleasing simplicity
nicely proportioned for the room of medium size

GASSIDY COMPANY

INCORPORATED
Designers and Manufacturers of Lighting Fixtures

101 PARK AVENUE AT FORTIETH STREET
NEW YORK CITY

House & Garden

Annual January Sale

Household Linens and White Goods

Send today for Catalogue No. 44

a year since 1893 "The Linen Store"
held a January Sale of Household
Linens and White Goods. It is an event eagerly
awaited by housewives all over the country.

The New January Sale Catalogue

For this occasion we have prepared a new Cat-
alogue — a Catalogue that brings this Special
Sale to you. You make your selections, and
mail your order to us. A few days later you
receive your parcel. In fact, it's quite as though
you yourself were shopping in our store.

At New and Greatly Reduced Prices

The new January Sale Book contains accurate
photographs and drawings as well as descriptions
and prices of Table Cloths, Fancy Linens and
Handkerchiefs. Towels, Blankets, Comfortables
and Bed Linens. Neckwear, Laces, Hosiery,
Sweaters and Hats. Children's Wearand Lingerie.

A note 'will bring this catalogue to you at once
Ask for No. 44

Reg. Trade Mark

James McCutcheon dC Co.

Fifth Avenue, 34th and 33d Streets, New York

The interesting feature of this double hung

sash window, by Dwight James Baum, is the

smaller lower sash

If You Are Going to Build

(Continued from page 60)

age house: namely, casement, opening in
or out — in rich assortment of sizes and
finish ; dormer, the French, English and
double Colonial type; and the double-
hung window with large or small
"lights." And there are also standard-
ized one or two-story bay windows,
with casement or double-hung fittings.
And if you are building a Colonial house
you can get the half-circle top-sash or
quarter-circle sash as well as side pan-
els, all of which help in the develop-
ment of that very popular type of ar-
chitecture. And when we consider the
present cost of labor and the slowness
with which things are accomplished for
us, these stock designs with their various
fittings are an economy of money as
well as time.

Well-selected stock equipment un-
questionably gives architects and build-
ers a certain control over business con-
ditions which they would not otherwise
have. It enables them better to over-
come the labor revolts, large and small,
which are cropping up so often these
days. It also does much for the swift
finishing of a house; if the stock equip-
ments necessary are ordered well ahead
of time, certain building conditions can
no longer be confused by dissatisfied
workers. If you know that you have
your windows and doors and frames and
woodwork and hardware and floors all
on hand to put in the minute the main
construction of the house is finished,
the strain of building a house is consid-
erably lessened.

After deciding upon the type of win-
dow you want appropriate to your ar-
chitecture, practical and not too expen-
sive, look into the question of window
fittings. There are many kinds to be
had, and not all good. Excellent imita-
tions, however, can be had in the styles
made famous by the craftsmen of Eng-
land, France and Italy. Imitation Colo-
nial hardware is hard to tell from the
best old models. Also you must be sure
that your windows are so well hung
that they open and shut easily, that the
locks do not stick or rust. Hardware,
in fact, must be proof against your cli-
mate, simple and convenient, and suited
to the type of window. Practically all
varieties of modern hardware can be
had in wrought iron, burnished bronze,
brass, nickel or old copper.

For casement windows it is possible
to get today an imitation of the unflat-
tened English crowned glass. This adds
an immediate picturesque effect to the
window. For comfort in cold climate
it is essential that every "light" in a
casement window should be thoroughly
cemented on both sides, thus guaranteed
weatherproof. The best manufacturers
of "lights" today can furnish either
square or diamond panes, and a combi-
nation of different size panes which are
interesting for transoms and hall win-
dows.

The equipment for opening, shutting
and holding windows in place is quite
elaborate in the best forms of construc-
tion. One manufacturer adds a fly-
screen as a part of the original window
design. It opens up into the wall above
the window where it remains all win-
ter. This is a great convenience for
people who have thirty or forty window
screens which must be taken out and
stored all winter, and hurried back in
the spring ahead of the flies and mos-
quitoes. For cold countries you may
consider the advisability of a roll steel
storm sash for doors and windows and
often double sashes are advisable.

Nothing will be of greater service to
you in planning and building than the
various building catalogs. They come
for every detail of house construction.
Have a shelf for them near the table
where you work over your blue prints,
and be sure you have a variety of win-
dow and door catalogs with their pages
of new and old hardware and their fine
illustrations of picturesque windows and
doors. These little booklets will not
only help you to build your own house,
but they will give you a knowledge of
the history of building, for many of
them are written with a fine under-
standing of architecture and a genuine
appreciation of beauty, and are ex-
ecuted by experienced workmen. Be-
cause we believe so strongly in the study
of catalogs for the home builder, we
are publishing from month to month in
HOUSE & GARDEN, reviews of the newest
catalogs that come to us. This month
we will present some of the most inter-
esting window catalogs.

In country houses where an extraor-
dinary view is one of the reasons for
(Continued on page 64)

January, 1922

DANERSK EARLY AMERICAN FURNITURE

ANEW YEAR! New plans and a new vision of
the constructive upbuilding of our homes as
places of beauty and a personal expression of what
is finest in the traditions of our American civilization!
This is the keynote of the efforts of the Danersk
organization today.

Whether your needs are for a choice dining room
group of mahogany and satinwood ; an informal break-
fast room gayly decorated to go with your fabrics ;
or a selection of rare Early American pieces for
bedroom, living room or dining room, done in the
mellow tones of old wood — our plan enables you to
select the individual pieces that appeal to you most,
and assemble them in the spirit of a collector. Let
us help you work out your decorative schemes.

Send for Early American Brochure C-l

ERSKINE-DANFORTH CORPORATION

2 W. 47th St., New York — First door west of Fifth Ave., 4th floor

Wlrvrng Forge, inc.

hand forced

The W. Irving

Sconce

No. 1102

hardware.

TRADE MARK

For the friend "just
crazy" over new home,
camp or bungalow, what
more fitting, unusual, and
withal more useful gift
than a piece of W. Irving
HAND FORGED HARDWARE.

Lighting Fixtures

Bells Toasting Forks

Knockers Shoe Scrapers
Door Handles Lanterns
Fireplace Sets Stands

Etc.

The W. Irving
Lantern
No. 911

The W. Irving

Sconce

No. 1100

us or visit our shop

326-328 6ae>t 38*51. /few Yort Gil)?

telephone flurray- mil 8536.

Established Over Half a Century

Harmony in Furniture

Good taste demands perfect harmony
in home furnishings. No matter what
style or period a home is furnished in,
you may obtain pieces of Elgin A.
Simonds Furniture that will har-
monize perfectly.

If you find a problem large or small the De-
partment of Interior Design will gladly give
expert advice and assistance.
Ask any one of the best furniture dealers
about this unique service or write Jor our
interesting and helpful Booklet "H," which
deals with Furnishing the Home.

Solid mahogany gateleg table, size 33" x 45' .suit-
able dining room or living room. Windsor chairs,
solid mahogany, $18.00.

Department of Interior Decoration

land 3West 37th Street NevAork

AT FIFTH AVENUE.

Me Gibbon

Satisfaction

PERIOD

TAPESTRIES

In selecting tapestries the decorator is
careful to choose designs suitable to
the period under consideration. Lee
Tapestries, which are authentic re-
productions of original historic pieces,
offer a wide range of selection embrac-
ing all periods.

Inquiries invited tnrougn your Decorator, wno
will oe pleased to give you a copy of our
new iooJtht "Tapestries with Histories".

ARTHURH LEE eSOfiS

Makers of Period Fabrics

1501 HEYWORTH BUILDING
Chicago

ALLAN & MACPHERSON

31 Melinda St.

Toronto, Canada

2 WEST 47th STREET

New York

BIRKENHEAD

England

House & Garden

If You Are Going to Build

(Continued from page 62)

selecting the site, you will sometimes In fact, all the things you have ever
find enormous "lights" that seem to noticed about a window in anybody s
fill up a whole side wall of a house. This house that you didn't like, try to rec-
type of window gives many people a tify in the specifications of your own
most desolate feeling, especially at twi- home. An excellent plan is to run
light, as though the whole mighty glass through the specifications your archi-
would suddenly dissolve, and you would tect has given you with your shelf of
find yourself out-of-doors and homeless, catalogs at hand, and when there are
If you read Blackwood, you know that any terms in the specifications you don t
nature sometimes has a menacing way of know, study your catalogs and you will
encroaching upon your personality, and be sure to find them. You will find also
that it is wise not to give her too much sizes and prices, and you will be able to
leeway It is much pleasanter to coax contrast various kinds of windows in
her occasionally to come in through lit- their relation to your house, and of
tie panes of glass. And it is decidedly course also in relation to economy,
more interesting to have a window that There is no doubt that the shutter is
gives you many quite different glimpses again being seen on country homes,
of nature, rather than to feel the whole The shutter has gone through a rather
of outdoors sweep in past you, taking perilous time. The inner folding shut-
possession of your house. ter took its place for city houses and
If you are considering the house ar- even crept out to the country The
chitecturally, it is impossible to make a expense of fitting up a house with shut-
beautiful exterior wall with one or two ters and the difficulty of keeping them
of these great transparent spaces. Some- either shut or open, and the way in
how such a window seems indelicate from which they blew about and faded, ti-
the outside and a little terrifying from together made them rather unpopular
the inside. One man built a house at for a time. But many architects are
the edge of a lake, and loved the view beginning again to feel them essential,
(and it was entrancing) so dearly that not only to the comfort of a house in
he put in about the largest window he the summer but to a certain, extent to
could find in the side wall facing the the beauty; because on the simplest,
lake And not so very long ago he in- plainest country house, painted all
timated that he intended to take it out white or ivory color, you can plan a
and put in casement windows. He most delightful color scheme with your
didn't say just why, perhaps nature had shutters and window trim,
been a little bold and had encroached There are four prevailing types of
too far. A place where the large open shutters today; those of all wood with
space in a side wall, with or without a panelled frame, those of solid wood, the
window, is really enjoyable is in the wooden frame with many movable slats,
summer camp, where you live out-of- and the jalousie, which is also known as
doors and your house is only something the Venetian window and is made up of
you think a little stronger and safer a succession of rolling slats. The jalousie
than a tent, and also you are not there has not been used so much in private
for very long at a time, and nature dwellings in the past decade or so but
maintains her reticences toward you. just within a year we have commenced

to hear of it in California and in the

Ventilation Southwest. It seems especially suited to

the types of houses built on the Pacific

The old English name for the window, Coast and to the climate. The most
"winder" or "wind-door," indicates that widely used shutter today is the pic-
even in those early days there were vexed turesque wooden type with simple de-
ventilating problems. The world will signs, called vents, or cut-outs, in the
probably always be divided into two top, and some very amusing designs are
kinds of people, those who want fresh used for these vents. And if, for in-
air and those who do not, and the poor stance, you take a white house with
window is expected to make bearable Holland blue shutters, with curious lit-
the lives of both. Today we have not tie Dutch figures for cut-outs, and
gone much beyond the placing of the wrought-iron hinges and fasteners, and
responsibility of fresh air upon the a black oak door with wrought-iron,
window, though now and then there and a soft green window trim, a house
is an awakening sense of the need of that hasn't a single fine architectural
separate ventilating systems, and some feature, beyond its proportions, will
of the manufacturers of stock windows become a most picturesque spot on the
are trying to meet this need with ven- landscape.

tilating schemes inherent in window and The most generally satisfactory house
door designs. There are furnace people can be robbed of all its pleasure by win-
who tell us that they have found the dows that are not suited to the archi-
means of perfect ventilation in connec- lecture, properly fitted and adjusted. If
tion with heating systems. There are your windows rattle or leak, your house
special ventilators that can be put in is not a success. That is why every
at the foot of double hung windows, so detail of the making and putting in of
placed that with the window a few windows is so vastly important in the
inches open the draught throws the air planning of your house. Colds and dis-
well out into the room. But in the comfort are bound to be the result of
main, practically every country in the carelessness in design or faultiness of con-
world expects the fresh air, when it is struction of your windows. It is a very
desired, to come in the open window wise idea to have your house dried
and the foul air to go out the same way, out with artificial heat before your win-
and in many instances neither of these dows and doors are hung, -otherwise it
expectations is realized. When you be- is very difficult to get the best results
gin to build take up the question of and all the changes that take place in
ventilation, plan for it when you are the construction will be felt in the win-
planning your heating system and de- dows and doors,
cide then and there whether you will

have the expense of separate ventila- Reviews of Window Catalogs
tion, whether you will expect the heating

system to supply fresh air or whether Crittall Universal Casements, pub-
you will leave it all to the windows and Hshed by the Crittall Casement Win-
doors, dom Company, Detroit, Michigan
In your specifications for your home (Catalogue 18). This book not only
study deeply into the question of win- shows a great variety of homes in which
dows and their fittings, not only the the Crittall windows have been placed,
kind of window — casement, or dormer, but all the detail of the making of the
or double-hung or bay — but the strength windows and frames, and some beauti-
of the windows, their durability, their ful pages of old and new hardware,
protection in storm and in bitter cold. (Continued on page 66)

January, 1922

A "Daylight" Laundry for Your Home

Service, convenience and the best that mechanical genius have
been able to secure are at your command in a "Daylight"
equipped Home Laundry.

We realize it is difficult to explain fully in an advertisement
the merits of our three tub "Daylight" washing machine, a
machine designed to fulfill every requirement of the home

laundry, eliminating stationary

tubs.

The "Daylight" method of cleaning
clothes through the medium of the
* 'Day light" triple disc cones, using
air, in addition to soap and water, is
what makes the clothes white, fluffy,
air blown and thoroughly clean. This
fact, combined with the simplest, most
convenient and effectual mechanism,
means satisfaction to every user of
the "Daylight" washing machine.

Send for the book on Home Laundry
Plans.

PUFFER-HUBBARD MFG. CO.

3200 East 26th Street
Minneapolis, Minn.

ROOSEVELT HOUSE

The birthplace of
Theodore Roose-
velt as it will
appear when re-
stored by the
Women's Roose-
velt Memorial
Association.

D OOSEVELT HOUSE is a patriotic institution devoted to the
*-^- cultivation in the American youth of the principles of Theo-
dore Roosevelt. January 6th, 1922, will be the third anniversary
of Theodore Roosevelt's death. On January 6, 1921, the cor-
nerstone of Roosevelt House was laid. Will you help to complete
the work of restoration? No contribution is too small, none too
large, for this all-American tribute in honor of Theodore Roosevelt.

Sign, Tear Off, and Mail the Coupon Now

Women's Roosevelt Memorial Assn., Inc.,
2 East 57th Street,
New York City

I rncloae herewith $ by (cheque)

(money order) (cash) as my contribution to
the Women's Roosevelt Memorial Association.
Inc., in honor of Theodore Roosevelt.

Name.

Street.

City State .

Plans for the New Home

"THERE is no equipment that will so perfectly insure
comfort, convenience and economy in your new
home as

"The Heart of the Heating Plant"

Automatically regulates the drafts and dampers of
any style of heating plant burning coal, gas or oil.

Has maintained even temperatures and saved fuel
in thousands of homes for 36 years — lasts a lifetime.

Write for our attractive new booklet — "The Convenience
of Comfort" — complete with illustrations. Mailed free.

MINNEAPOLIS HEAT REGULATOR CO.

279U Fourth Ave. So. Minneapolis, Minn.

SERVICE BRANCHES IN ALL PRINCIPAL CITIES.

Radiantfire

Quick Warmth on Winter ^Morning

General Gas Light Company

Nnv York

Kalamazoo

lllinir:

San Francisco

House & Garden

JANUARY

SALE OF

HOUSEHOLD

LINENS

EXCEPTIONAL
PRICE CONCESSIONS

Imported Sheer Bed Spread
with 8 in. hand-embroid-
ered Monogram, boxed &
laundered.
72x108 ins.,

$15.75 Complete
90x108 ins.,

$17.00 Complete

No 325. Pure Linen
Huckaback Towels,
Hemstitched. Size 20x34
ins $9.00 Doz.

M224
Pure Linen Double Damask Table

Cloths and Napkins
2x2 yds., 2 V4x2 'A yds

$12.15 Ea. $15.75 Ea.

2X21/4y$15.75Ea. Napkins
2x3 yds 24x24 ins.,

$18.25 Ea. $15.75 Doz.

No. 91. Pure Linen

Hemstitched Huckaback

Towels. Size 20x36 ins.,

$12.00 Doz.

No. P19. Pure Linen
Table Cloths and Nap-
kins.

2x2 yds $7.50 Ea.

2x2% yds $8.50 Ea.

Napkins

22x22 ins $7.50 Doz.

Sale List
on request

All purchases

delivered free

to any part of

the U. S. A.

WB4

Pure Crepe Linen Breakfast Tray Set with
hand-embroidered monogram, boxed and
laundered, comprising I 1 6/24 in. Tray,
2 14x14 in. Napkins.

Sale Price Complete, $6.75

BROS.

ESTABLISHED 1766

ve.

353 S

Also 587 Boylston St., Boston London and Dublin

Factory, Waringstown, Co. Down, Ireland

If You are Going to Build

(Continued from page 64)

These windows are considered equally
appropriate for artistic residences and
substantial buildings. A great variety
of casements are shown, well placed in
unusual interiors.

English Casement Windows and
Leaded Glass, published by the Interna-
tional Casement Co., Inc., Jamestown,
New York. The object of this beauti-
fully printed and illustrated booklet is
to show the construction and applica-
tion of metal casement sashes to meet
the new and varied conditions existing
in the United States and Canada. The
measured drawings show the peculiari-
ties of casement hardware and leaded
glass. The measurements, styles and in-
formation may be depended upon as
authentic and reliable.

The Lunken Window Co., Cincinnati,
publish the following catalogues about
windows, all of them valuable to the
home builder: The Lunken Window
Book of Details-Light Construction;
Air Leakage and Dollar Leakage;
Lunken Windows for the Hospital;
Lunken Unit-Window; A Better Win-
dow for Your Home. There is a Lunken
window designed for nearly every form
of construction. Leading architects
specify them for interested clients. You
should add this collection of books, all
of which are illustrated, to your pam-
phlet shelf.

The Casement Window Handbook for
Home-builders and Architects, published
by the Casement Hardware Co., Madi-

son Terminal Building, Chicago, 111.,
shows you in text and illustration how
the old English casement windows have
been made practical for American con-
ditions, including screens, storm sash
and interesting devices.

Among the many interesting and im-
portant booklets published for home-
builders by the Curtis Service Bureau,
Clinton, la., are "Windows for Better
Built Homes" and "Window and Door
Frames". Windows for every variety
of house are shown in these catalogues
— Bays, Casements, Dormers, Double-
hung, with every type of special sashes
so important in Colonial architecture.

Progress in Windows, published by
the Whitney Window Corp., Minneapo-
lis, Minn. Some especially interesting
out-swinging, hinged casement sashes
are shown in this book, also the tipping
window and the pivoted window, as
well as those convenient new windows
called "drop-sill". The Whitney win-
dows may be shaded and draped as de-
sired and neither sash or screen interfere
with the draperies. These windows are
also made for sleeping porches.

Hoffman Casements, published by the
Andrew Hoffman Manufacturing Co.,
State Street, Chicago, 111. These win-
dows are planned for ventilation,
weather tight, also easily operated.
They can be installed in old frames.
The catalogue not only shows you how
to install the window, but how to clean
it. A practical working drawing is given.

Points About the New Dishwashers

(Continued from page 53)

Warning: don't burn in food, or use
utensils where you reduce this possibil-
ity to a minimum. Some dishwasher
concerns supply you with hand-saving
scrapers.

A dishwasher in the shape of a table,
beautifully finished, makes it unneces-
sary to have an extra table about. This
does its work well. One example of this
table-high dishwasher has a device
whereby the rack of dishes is lifted to a
reachable height by lifting the lid.

Another supplies you with extra bas-
kets in which to stack your dishes while
the full basket is being used in the
washer.

Yet another cylinder type has a cover
that goes back flat, on which can be
laid the tray to be filled with dishes.

At present some of these machines
make a slight noise in operation; yet
many do not mind this. But in telling
a story we must tell it all. Of course
many other machines used in the home

are no "modest violets" either. We
don't need to listen hard to hear vacu-
um cleaners or patent brooms, but they
work well despite their blatancies.

Washing machines are made in cylin-
drical and rectangular form and can be
placed in small kitchens as well as large
without inconvenience. Of course there
are some machines called "Domestic"
that are meant for the domesticity of a
home where there are seventeen servants
and other things equally hotel-like.
These are big and efficient but the ordi-
nary apartment or small home could not
afford to house them.

The dishwasher really is the crux of
the economic problem. Many a girl
would marry gladly without a maid, if
the dishwashing was reduced to a mini-
mum. One of these days when lovers
offer dishwashers in addition to the con-
ventional platinum solitaires, they will
find winning a bride a much easier task
than it is at present.

American Flower Painters

(Continued from page 39)

still life, he not merely gives you a dish
or a rose or a peach, but points out the
thrill that such beauty can stir in your
heart.

The decorative quality of painted
flowers has been recognized through
centuries. No other painting can so
quickly establish a color scheme for a
room, neither rugs nor pottery can so
easily guide one to an interesting associ-
ation of color. A large painting of flow-
ers, rich in color with well managed
background, placed over a mantel or in
some large square of a paneled wall, at
once announces in unmistakable tones
that this beauty can be developed for
walls, draperies, furniture and fittings.

Take, for instance, the Jonas Lee
painting of peonies — from ivory to deep
rose, the background an old white house
with delicately painted green shutters.
Immediately a vision comes of a long
ivory room with black, blue or rose

chintz, a black rug and green and rose
pillows.

Because of a wealth of color, richness
of form, a quality that gives an almost
unvarying sense of actuality, a Glackens'
flower painting easily dominates a large
room furnished in a brilliant modern
manner. Life, atmosphere, mystery,
beauty appealing but perishable, all
reach us in the heart of a garden, and
to an extraordinary extent these are
qualities sensed in Glackens' flower
paintings.

Eugene Speicher, too, has this quality
that stirs the imagination, in his flower
paintings so beautifully patterned in
form and color. Speicher's sense of dec-
oration is manifest in every flower piece
he has done. A beautiful room could be
built up about this painting we are
showing, the walls and draperies held
as a background, yet not colorless.
(Continued on page 68)

January, 1922

ENGLISH
CASEMENTS
and Windows
for banks,
offices, schools,
hospitals, etc.

The H. S. Pogue Residence, Cincinnati, Ohio
G. C. Burroughs, Cincinnati, O., Architect

CRITTALL

Steel
Casements

for artistic residences and
other substantial buildings

Aladc in varied dcsii/ns
to meet all conditions

Crittall Casement Window Co., Manufacturers
DETROIT

Before You Build —
Know the Kernerator

IF you want your new home to provide you with the
utmost comfort and convenience, before your architect
completes the plans, be sure to investigate the Kerner-
ator— a modern household convenience that replaces the
insanitary, unsightly garbage can.

The Kernerator is a brick incinerator built into the base
of the chimney in the basement when the house is erected
that disposes of all such waste as broken crockery, tin
cans, cardboard boxes, wilted flowers and garbage. You
simply drop this material into the handy hopper door,
located on the first floor in the flue. It falls down into the
incinerator below and at intervals is lighted and burns
itself up without odor. Non-combustibles are dried and
sterilized and later dropped into the ash-pit.

It costs nothing to operate the
Kernerator since no coal, wood,
gas or oil is required for fuel.

Ask your architect about the Ker-
nerator and write for an interesting
booklet we have just prepared,
showing some of the fine homes in
which it is installed.

KERNER INCINERATOR CO.

1025 Chestnut St. Milwaukee, Wit.

ERNERATOR

Built-in-tHe-CKimnev

Olde jstoiusfte

and Flagging

Eugene Ditpont residence,
Wilmington, Del.

. T. Lindcberg
Architect

Send for booklet No. 27

THE JOHN D. EMACK CO.

Home Office
112 South 16th St.
Philadelphia, Pa.

TRADE MARK
MADh IN USA.

The Joy of Cooking

The kettle chuckles contentedly; the golden brown potatoes
sizzle in the pan; appetizing odors from the savory roast
inspire delightful thoughts of the meal to come.

No wonder women are happy in their
kitchens — and no wonder they have
them equipped with

"Wear-Ever"

Aluminum Cooking Utensils

— utensils that always can be depended
upon to do their part efficiently.

Made from hard, thick sheet alumi-
num — have no coating to chip off,
cannot rust—are pure and safe.

The Aluminum Cooking Utensil Co.

New Kensington, Pa.
In Canada : Northern Aluminum Co.. Ltd., Toronto

__.. ..'ill be sent postpaid ai .
where in U. S. or Canada on
receipt of GOc. Kry pan and
cover will be sent for 80c. Ex-
tra pans for Christmas Gifts,
60c. each(80c. including cover).
Offer expires Jan. 31, 1922.

House & Garden

TKe CKarm of Furniture
Wholly Tour Own

There can be no comparison between
quantity-made furniture and the work
of tke skilled hand-craftsman. Only"
the house in which each piece is
designed and built for a single use
can possess true artistic individuality).
A nationally'-know'n authority' on
interior art has publicly" stated,
"The day will come when a piece of
Rorimer- Broods furniture will be
Valued just as today We Value the
creations of the famous cabinet
makers of the Chippendale- A dams-
Heppelwhite period. "
Rorimer-Brooks designers and crafts-
men will serve y"ou either on single
pieces or will plan and execute a
complete decorative scheme for your
home.

w ^*n t.
l\orimcr-JL> rooks

Studios

INTERIOR FURNITURE

DECORATORS FABRICS . RUGS

CRAFTSMEN OBJE'rs'j-ART

7737 ev.cti'0 <3V«nuc

CLEVELAND

American Flower Painters

(Continued from page 66)

In form Leon Kroll's flowers are more
compactly fashioned. Even those lan-
guid blossoms, the water lilies, that
droop and trail through poetry and
painting of all ages, he has contrived to
build up into a full rich mass that nearly
fills his canvas. The actual physical
beauty of flowers seems to overwhelm
Kroll's interest, as in this painting
shown. He is less absorbed in the in-
tangible spirit that Glackens', Henri and
Speicher are seeking to capture.

Matilda Brown who recently exhibi-
ted a gorgeous collection of flower paint-
ings also paints for sumptuous effects,
and quite splendidly succeeds. She has
a sparkling palette, uses color as though
it were so many jewels, gathers to-
gether all possible accessories to her pur-
pose, as, in a finely disposed and painted
luster bowl she places masses of asters
and poppies and long spiked blossoms
against a background alive with scinti-
lating color, and near the flowers she
suspends a Chinese parchment lantern
with big spots of bright green and ver-
milion and gold. Matilda Brown fairly
pours color over her canvas, the back-
ground as well as the foreground. Her
flowers are always massed to convey a
luxury of outline, and a warmth of tone

that is like the Gamba stop in an organ.
She has a gift of bringing together col-
ors that affect each other as certain com-
bined instruments do in an orchestra;
not harmonious, not delicately combined
but so assembled that a triumphant
sound seems to emanate from their com-
bination. The flower painting of Miss
Brown's shown in this article could
form the nucleus of a wonderful blue
and green room with here and there
touches of gold and black — a room for
music and dancing.

George Biddle has painted his ultra-
modern flower pieces in the South Sea
Islands; in them a splendor of tropical
flowers and foliage massed in tropical
fashion, flowers of the deep forests with
slumbering fire in their petals and
strange exotic forms. These flowers are
devoid of conventional arrangement.
They are massed together in a great jar,
and tumble down over the sides onto the
table. Probably they are just such
flowers as Gaughin gathered for his
curious little house at Tahiti. The color
and the form and the perfume of the
flowers suggest the rich vitality, the
strangeness, the sultry, dangerous qual-
ity of the South Sea Island life, of the
men and women.

Collecting Japanese Inro

(Continued from page 22)

one of the compartments at a time, event such signatures as appeared were

though moved close enough to the lid engraved on the work. Marcus B.

to assist in holding the trays together Huish tells us in "Japan and Its Art"

when closed. The silken cord is of sum- that signatures on inro are made in a

cient length about the knot to enable the variety of ways ; "Korin's is sometimes

wearer of an inro to fasten it through modelled heavily in the body of the

his girdle, where it is held in place by an work, at others merely scratched with

ornamental "button", often, very elab- the point of a needle in the interior,

orately carved, and in endless variety, Yosei's and Zeshin's signatures are al-

called a netsuke. ways incised. The Kajikawa painted

A noted English collector of Japanese theirs in gold lac on the lower edge,
objets d'art, the late Mr. E. Gilbertson adding a sort of urn-shaped seal. But,
had this to say, in his enthusiasm of the after all, signatures should not count
inro: "If the collector is compelled, for for much. A few hours' careful study
want of space or for any similar reason, of good pieces, under an intelligent mas-
to confine himself to one particular class ter, countervails all this, after which, as
of Japanese art work, he cannot do the saying is, it ne faut pas etre grand
better than select inro as the most de- derc en matiere d'Art to distinguish be-
sirable object. If the netsuke (pro- tween fine and inferior work."
nounced netskey) which were attached Nevertheless, I shall not forget the
to them are added, there is no question thrill of finding an exquisite old inro
as to what his choice should be. As il- with the signature of Korin on it, a sig-
lustrations of the history, mythology, nature of unquestioned authenticity,
and folklore of the country they are True, had the signature not been on the
hardly so rich as the metal-work, or the piece, the decoration and the workman-
netsuke; but, as regards that extremely ship would still have declared itself in-
interesting branch of Japanese art — the disputably Korin's, but there was ro-
branch in which they stand and always mance in that signature ! The very au-
stood absolutely supreme — the art of tograph of the great Ogata Korin
working in lacquer, the inro is of sur- (1660-1716), whom M. Gonse called the
passing value. It is there one must look most personal of painters, the most
for the most perfect examples of lacquer Japanese of the Japanese. It is, indeed,
work of every description. Not that the signatures on various inro that have
larger works, such as writing-boxes, per- enabled the Japanese themselves to
fume-boxes, etc., do not afford equally glean so much regarding the later his-
fine examples of the work of the great tory of their lacquerers.
artists — finer, indeed, from a pictorial The uses to which inro were put were
point of view, because of the larger many. At first they were, in all prob-
spaces available ; but in the inro one ability many employed for carrying seals
often finds a treatment of the subject and the vermillion paint paste used in
and of the material that would be in- stamping the seal, as the name is de-
applicable to the larger surface. The rived from the Japanese in (a seal) and
very limit of space and the form in the ro (a case). Then they came to be used
inro often bring out the artistic knowl- also as medicine boxes, powders and pills
edge of the designer — very frequently and various nostrums being conveniently
the executant at the same time — in a carried therein. Probably the first ar-
most remarkable manner. Wonderful tistic inro were introduced by Matahei
harmony both of color and composition in the 17th Century. To whatever use
are often combined with a minuteness of they chanced to be put, the most ex-
detail that makes one wonder what sort quisite design and perfect handiwork
of eyes and hands the lacquerers pos- was lavished upon them. When one ex-
sessed." amines an exceptionally fine inro the

As few signatures of artists appear on question instantly comes to mind:

old pieces of Japanese lacquer of larger "How could human ingenuity, patience

size, it is interesting here to note that and skill produce so perfect an object?"

one does find signature more frequently Inro have been compared to the elab-

on inro. A native Japanese work, the orate snuff boxes, etuis, and carnets de

"Kogei Shirio," tells us that one, Seki bal of the 18th Century. As Mr. Edwin

Socho, in 1640, was the first to write a Dillon observes, inro stand perhaps on
signature on lacquer-work. Before that (Continued on page 72)

January, 1922

DIRECTORYC-/DECORATION 8 FINE ARTS

MAG BRIDE

OF "THE HOUSE OF THREE GABLES"

17 WEST 51ST STREET

NEW YORK

DECORATIVE INTERIORS

10 STYLES CANDLESTICKS

5(5.00 each to 5(25.00

SCREEN SHADES - £3.50 to 5(15.00
MIRROR - $35.00

Oriental Rug
Distinction

means thick, glow-
ing antiques made for
love of art. About 100
found annually, are
harmonics of color.
Such is my collec-
tion. Descriptive list
mailed to critical rug
folks. Then, if you
like, I will prepay
the most interesting
pieces on approval
for selection.

L. B. Lawton, Skaneateles, N. Y.

FINE HEARTH FITTINGS

In Brass and Iron
Catalogue H sent on request

THE H W. COVERT COMPANY
137 East 46th Street, New York

"St. Mary's Lake"

EATON

Paintings of Glacier Park

CHARLES
WARREN EATON

Small Paintings

GEORGE ALFRED

WILLIAMS

December 13 — January 2

Our ART NOTES, appearing four times a year, aims to give items

of current general interest as well as announcements of the gallery.

Copies gladly mailed on request.

WILLIAM MACBETH

INCORPORATED
450 Fifth Avenue At Fortieth Street New York City

The Little Gallery

The MILCH

GALLERIES

"The Laurel in the Ledges" by Childe Hassom

Special Exhibition
PAINTINGS BY

ABBOTT THAYER

December 5 to 31

DOUGLAS~PARSHAL

Exhibition January 9 to 21

Latest booklet on request

lOSWest 57th Street, NewYork

For the Foyer

of private residences, apartment
houses, and public buildings,
stone benches, vases, fountains,
etc., have proved to be particu-
larly appropriate.
We have on display a wide va-
riety of ornamental furniture
and fireplace mantels repro-
duced in Pompeian Stone and
can execute original designs at
moderate cost.
Illustrated catalogue on request

THE ERKINS STUDIOS

Established 1900
210 Lexington Ave., at 34 Si., New York

Do You serve Dreams
with your Tea?

You do if you have the proper set-
ting of shaded lights, a dainty tea
service — and linen of misty fineness
and delicacy.

These tea cloths of assorted patterns
made of San Pablo and fine Irish
linens, hand drawn (filet tire) are
$20. A set of six napkins is priced
SI 5. And there are bridge sets and
breakfast sets equally attractive and
moderately priced.

MEGILL

New York City

38 E. 48th St.
New York City

Porto Rico
21 Allen Street
San Juan, P. R.

DARN LEY

Inc.

34 E. 48th St.

SMOKER'S
STAND— IN
WROUGHT
IRON-
ANTIQUE
OR GREEN
FINISH
$8.75

NEW YORK

Handwrought Silver

Master Craftsmen

Table arrangements in
specially designed hand-
forged iron, Italian Glass
and Pottery, Spanish and
Calumet linens and laces.

FOUR EAST 48th STREET
XEW YORK CITY

CAe NEW YORK SCHOOL of
INTERIOR DECORATION J

101 PARK. AVE- NEW YORK. CITY

Correspond

ence

urses

Complete instruction by cor-
respondence in the use of
period styles, color harmony,
composition, etc. Course in
Home Decoration for ama-
teurs. Course for profes-
sionals. An agreeable and
lucrative profession. Start
any time.

Send for Catalogue H.

t Scwm

Hand Painted in Antique Effect

STUDIO

219 East 60th Street

New York

House & Garden

Gladioli

"Jack London"'
"Gladis Plath"
"Thos. T. Kent"
"Mrs. H. E. Bothin"

THE four most perfect and most beautiful
gladioli ever put before the public. Wher-
ever exhibited this season they have won the
highest admiration.

Catalog free on Request

There is a treat in store for you in the form of
a handsome catalog, beautifully illustrated,
which describes nearly a hundred of our gladi-
olus creations, as well as our Ruffled Monster
Petunias, and many other things of interest.

Petunias

Diencrs Ruffled Monsters (Single).

The finest and largest varieties of Petunias ever
created.

Seed comes in separate colors as follows: Pink
(Strong veined center), Red, Variegated, White, Red
with black center, Pale Lilac Pink, Ruffled Monsters
mixed.

The following varieties of Petunias are somewhat
smaller than the ruffled monster, colors: Flesh Pink
Frilled, Purple or Blue, White Frilled, Apple Blossom.

Any of the above varieties 50c a package
The Greatest Novelty in Petunias for 1922 is

Diener's Pink Glory

Pure flame rose pink without a trace of purple.
Flowers measure from three to four inches in diameter.
Plants grow to a height of twelve to fifteen inches. This
is the most beautiful petunia ever put on the market and
is destined to become the great bedding petunia of the
future.

This seed is 50c a package

RICHARD DIENER CO., Inc.

Originators and Growers of the Largest and
Finest Gladioli and Petunias in the World

KENTFIELD, Marin County, CALIFORNIA

Statice magnified blooming above a carpet of pink ice-plant is
most effective, as here at the foot of this terrace near San Diego

Statices In California Gardens

(Continued jrom page 36)

and carefully cultivated. This group of
seedlings, in all probability hybrids of
all these plants growing so near to-
gether, have shown great variety of
foliage, color of flower and size of
plants. Seedlings of this first set of
plants have proven themselves even
more wonderful in shape, size, foliage
and growth.

Some of the plants grow but a few
feet from the ground, others reach a
height of 5' and more with a spread of
equal extent. Some leaves are a pol-
ished green, others a soft velvety tex-
ture, almost like mullein. The colors
are of all imaginable shades of blue and
lavender, lilac and grayish pink, so that
she now has a plant of any height and
spread and of any color for special
places in all kinds of gardens. Some for
shady places, some for full sun, round-
ing specimens for garden or porch jars,
spreading ones for ground cover, deli-
cately stemmed ones for dainty pictures,
showy spikes of solid color for drive-
ways and sea walls. She is now striv-
ing for a pure white perennial, as the
only ones now in existence are not a
clear, satisfying white. She has several
varieties never seen before and though
she has not given trade names to all
these new creations, she considers the
types well established and can depend
upon them when planting for garden
pictures in which reliable size and color
are of the utmost importance.

These hybrids fill a place in Southern
California garden making that nothing
else can approach. Heliotrope comes
the nearest to it, though it can show
nothing like the variety of color, shape
or types. Heliotrope requires constant
care. It must be faithfully watered and
blooms kept cut, while statice requires
very little attention. Its rosette type is
most striking and can be effectively used
in innumerable places, such as edge of
pool, angle of house, at foot of service
wall, along terrace embankments and
city parkways.

Statice also has undoubted value in
home decoration. Arranged loosely in
jars, low vases and hanging baskets, it
is as graceful and as beautiful in color
as any of the transient flowers. It also
makes suitable and lasting memorial
wreaths and bouquets.

Statice sinuata, an annual which can
be grown from seed, in California lives
year after year, though the finest results
are from plants freshly grown. It should
be cut back after blooming. It is quite
variable, showing shades of lemon yel-
low, lavender, grayish pink and white.
It may often reward the grower with
pastel shades of pale brown, lavender
pink and pink. Before the war it was
advertised "in many definite shades but
they were not reliable. Now, however,
by selecting and re-selecting shades are

quite dependable. With cultivation
these plants thrive so well that a single
root has been known to produce two
hundred flower stems in a summer.

Siatice Bonduevelli is a decided clear
lemon yellow and the stem is slender
and wiry, while the others have a
winged attachment to the stem which
makes it appear thicker. 5. Suworowii
is an annual 12" to 18" high of a deep,
dull, lavender pink, not very pretty and
not as durable for drying as any of the
others. It grows much like Princes
Feather. 5. latifolia, a native of south-
ern Russia, is a well-known perennial
with rather coarse, flat, dark green
leaves sending up for maturity in late
spring or early summer a tall gray-
green stem with great fine heads re-
sembling gypsophilla. This has long
been appreciated by English garden
makers as a delicate harmonizer in gar-
den pictures, acting like a filmy veil in
the midst of strong colors. It is used
in making bouquets for the house much
as is the universal favorite baby's
breath. The flowers are lavender gen-
erally but may be had in pale or deep
lavenders or white.

5. tartarica, perennial, has very nar-
row prostrate leaves and low-growing,
spready heads of white flowers. This
variety was formerly shipped to Amer-
ica for use by florists in making ever-
lasting wreaths and bouquets, but it has
great and accepted value as a garden
plant. S. caspia is a new perennial
which may be 5. perfoliata. It blooms
in late summer, sending up tall, slender
sprays, lithe and feathery. It is ex-
tremely choice for cut flower arrange-
ment whether fresh or dried. It gives
great promise of becoming a garden
plant of exceptional value. Its worth
can hardly be overestimated, for it fills
a place even more important than that
of gypsophilla. Its foliage is like the
finest of ferns, resembling somewhat the
delicate Asparagus plumosus. Its habit:
of growth is very different from the
others, for it develops underground by
a system of creeping rootstock. One
could hardly imagine a flower more
delicate and beautiful. As a specimen
plant it is not especially attractive but
is lovely in masses where it has a fairy-
like and exquisite quality fascinating to
behold.

5. arborea develops more flowers on a
stem than most varieties. The flowers
are in small head clusters, pale and
choice in color. It is similar to S. mag-
nifica but develops into a taller plant.
This is the kind which makes so stun-
ning a border to one of the paths at the
Stratford Inn down by the sea, near
Del Mar. It is sometimes tormented by
the red spider, but this is easily con-
quered by frequent sprayings of water,
(Continued on page 72)

January, 1922

The Crowning Touch

to the Home

> It's just a house until you
plant a garden. Then it be-
comes a home — a place where
happiness can be found indoors
or out — a living index to the
character of those who live
within. No wonder real home-
makers give such care to plan-
ning beautiful gardens !

The choice of varieties is made
easy for you by the S. & H.
catalog. S. & H. ornamental
shrubs are carefully selected,
vigorous plants, with abundant
foliage and finely colored bloom.
All seeds listed are taken from
unusually fine strains, proven
by our own trials. S. & H. trees
are preferred by professional
nurserymen and orchardists all
over the country. Nearly every-
thing you need for your gar-
den is listed.

Be sure 1o send tonight for
this interesting, splendidly
illustrated catalog.

THE STORRS & HARRISON CO.

Nurserymen and Seedsmen
Box 122 Painesville, Ohio

Throughput the world, name of Sutton stands for superlative
excellence in seeds. We are more than seed merchants ; we are
seed fanciers. For 115 years Sutton fathers have handed down
to Sutton sons the skill and traditions of leaders in plant breed-
ing and seed selection.

The illustrations show the vigor and quality of crops from
which Sutton's Seeds — vegetable, flower and grass, — are selected.
You can secure similar results, under favorable conditions, by
planting Sutton's Seeds.

Send 35c for Sutton's splendid catalog. It really costs us
much more. Credited on first order of $8.00 or over.

Only 28 days required from date of your order for catalog
or seeds to reach you, as we mail promptly. But you should
lose no time sending for your copy of the catalog.

Royal Seed Establishment

Reading, England

The Seed Business With a Record of 115 Years

DREEKS

GARDEN

BOOK
1922

Has been enlarged
and improved and
special care taken to
make it the best we
have ever issued.

Especially designed to help the amateur
as well as the professional gardener,
whether his specialty be Vegetables or
Flowers.

A large, comprehensive, handsomely illustrated book,
showing in colors and photo-engravings many of the varie-
ties offered, and giving cultural directions which assure a
successful garden.

The EIGHTY-FOURTH edition of DREER'S GARDEN BOOK
contains 224 pages, eight color plates, besides numerous photographic
reproductions. It offers the best Vegetable and Flower Seeds ;
Lawn Grass and Agricultural Seeds ; Garden Requisites ; Plants of
all kinds, including the newest Roses, Dahlias, Hardy Perennials, etc.

Write today for a copy which will be
mailed free if you mention this publication.

HENRY A. DREER

714-716 Chestnut Street,

Philadelphia, Pa.

' <'

BLOOM

or your money back

WHAT use to select roses from
beautiful pictures in catalogs and
then find that they will not bloom
in your garden? Just one way to be sure
of beautiful blooms — order Conard Star
Roses — guaranteed to bloom or your
money back.

Whether a rose expert or the veriest be-
ginner, Conard Star Roses will bless
your garden with an abundance of won-
derful blooms — roses to love, to keep, to
give to your friends.

Plan ahead for roses that you know will
bloom. Send now for our big, illustrated
catalog of nearly 200 kinds, it's free.

CONARD * ROSES
8s JONES CO., Box 126, WEST GROVE, PA.
Robert Pyle, Pres. A. Wintzer, Vice-Pres.

Rose Specialists — Backed by aver 50 years' experience^.

^PREMIER,
.ROSE,

This celluloid Star tag labels your
growing rose and is the sign of our
guarantee — two exclusive C. & J. fea-
tures.

House & Garden

" Ota/u Coint li£ S-nULruj"

SEED SERVICE

— P L U S

FOR 121 years J. M. Thorburn & Company spe-
cialized in high-quality seeds. Their service to the
American public, their quality of merchandise, their
dependability is well known the country over.

For 85 years James Carter & Company of England
has been supplying garden lovers everywhere with
"tested" seeds under the label of "Carters Tested
Seeds" — seeds selected from strong, vigorous plants,
true to type and of the best strains.

We wish to announce to the American garden lov-
ing public the consolidation of these two companies.
Over two centuries of seed service-ability are now
united into a single organization and we are enabled
to give you a service never before obtainable in this
country.

Through our different sources of supply we are in
a position to furnish seed grown properly in a lo-
cality where inbred strength means success to your
planting and our tests have eliminated all but the
highest grade seed.

J. M. THORBURN & COMPANY

Founded 1802

JAMES CARTER & COMPANY

Raynes Park, London, England
Founded 1836

The first catalog of the consolidated companies will be
ready for distribution in January.

You should have a copy of this catalog to properly plan
your garden for the coming season.

Write us, mentioning House & Garden, and we will forward
our 1922 Garden Book with our compliments.

Carters Tesied Seeds

^~"™"^^^^^^^^^™^"

I N C

Consolidated with

J. M. THORBURN & COMPANY

53 Barclay Street New York City

Canadian Branch: 133 King Street East,
Toronto, Canada

Old and prospective customers are cordially invited to call on us
in the remodeled establishment for Seed Service Plus.

Statices in California Gardens

(Continued from page 70)

driven with full force. 5. Perezii is a
new variety extensively grown about
Los Angeles. Its foliage is most indi-
vidual. The petiole is 4" to 6" long
and the broad spatulate blade 4" to 8"
in length and 3" to S" wide. The leaf
is slightly wavy and extremely decora-
tive. Flowers are a light lavender, very
small, borne in good-sized clusters on
long wiry stems.

We have a pretty native statice, white
and lavender, which makes a dainty
trim. There is also a delightful little
statice that grows wild along the At-
lantic coast, 5. Carolinium, sometimes
called Marsh Rosemary. The flowers,

borne on the tips of finely branched
stems, are so tiny and dainty that from
a little distance it might be mistaken
for mist or sea foam, especially as it
likes to wade well out into the water,
blooming indeed with the salt water
swirling about its feet. This hardy and
unusual trait makes it of immense value
to those who wish to make their gar-
dens bloom to the very water's edge.

Statice is a Greek name meaning as-
tringent, given by Pliny and Linnonium,
meaning meadow or marsh. The time
of propagation is in early winter, as
germination of seeds begins with the
first rains. There are about 180 species.

The Hotbed as a Garden Necessity

(Continued from page 55)

respect to latitude, northern and south-
ern. Such flowers as cosmos, zinnia,
marigold, etc. should also be sown in
the bed at this time.

Begin close to one wall and let the
rows run across the bed so as to have
the sunlight up and down the rows.
With a small V-pointed stick lay off the
rows about J4" deep and 2" apart and
all parallel.

Plant about a dozen seed to the inch,
and be sure it is of known quality and
germination percentage. Distribute the
seed evenly and close the furrow, press-
ing the soil together with a piece of
board. Some seeds which are more
delicate, such as celery, should be sown
closer to the surface, about Yf," being
correct for celery. Celery requires a
higher temperature and more moisture
to germinate, so keep the soil moist with
repeated light sprinklings through cloth.
When the plants are up, sun, air and
water are all that is needed to make
them thrive.

March 1st is as early as it is advisable
to sow celery seed. Most other plants
are more hardy and will not be so ex-
acting in their requirements. Great care

should be taken to prevent the plants
from being crowded, so they will grow
short and stocky instead of tall and
spindling. After the plants have reached
some size — that is when the first lot of
good-sized rough leaves appear — they
should be transplanted. They may be
replaced in another section of the hot-
bed with plenty of room around each one
or set in small pots and put in the end
section of the bed directly upon heating
manure, as shown in the sectional ele-
vation of the hotbed. Then when the
time arrives to set the plants into the
garden, they can be slipped out of the
pots and set in the ground without dis-
turbing the roots in any manner.

The plants should be hardened off
later in the spring and as the trans-
planting time approaches. Each night
the sash should be kept open a small
bit, increasing this amount a little more
every night and removing the whole
sash a little earlier in the morning, re-
placing it later at night. Towards the
last the beds may be left uncovered en-
tirely and within a few days the plants
can be set into the garden without any
danger of loss due to temperature
changes.

Collecting Japanese Inro

(Continued jrom page 68)

a higher level as works of art than these
other objects, while fortunately they are
within compass of a more modern
purse, and indeed this is true. I have
often marveled that inro so beautiful
should — any single one of them —
remain unacquired by the lovers of
Japanese art when the prices seem very
low compared with the beauty and
workmanship represented by the objects.
One does not find two inro alike.
They are lacquered wood, ivory, crystal,
metal, tortoise-shell, bark, wood,
mother-of-pearl, etc. The wood lac-
quered boxes were more particularly
used for medicines, since these could be
kept moist therein more readily than in
the inro of other materials. The inro,
as a necessary article, seems to have
been abandoned when seals generally
gave place to the signature alone. I do
not quite agree with Mr. Gilbertson's
suggestion that the decoration of the
inro is less rich than that of the other

objects in the matter of illustrating the
history, mythology and folklore of
Japan. I think they do illustrate these
things prolifically as the collector soon
discovers on studying the inro that come
to his notice.

Aside from the private collectors of
Japanese objets d'art, there are in Amer-
ica numerous extensive public collec-
tions of great interest in the Metropoli-
tan Museum of Art, New York; the Art
Institute, Chicago; the Boston Museum
of Art; the Pennsylvania Museum, Phil-
adelphia; the Brooklyn Museum of Art;
the National Museum at Washington and
elsewhere. Many exceptionally fine inro
are to be seen on request in the shops
of the important Japanese art dealers in
America, and frequent public sales in the
various well-known art auction rooms
of New York and other cities bring op-
portunities to the collector who may not
have the enviable good fortune of a trip
to Japan.

Cutting the Cost of Electric Wiring

(Continued jrom page 46)

conditions can be expected sockets of
the first type are preferred because their
shells are non-conducting.

In all planning it is worth while to
remember that whenever wiring is done
in contact with brick, stone or con-
crete, it will prove more costly because
in such cases wires must be protected by
iron conduit or armour sheathing. It is
not always possible to avoid such work,
but where two alternatives are open,

each with the same convenience, that
which avoids work against these ma-
terials will be found cheaper.

Farmhouses and country places which
receive current from their own private
plants are wired as if they received
current from the usual central station,
except that a larger size of wire is used,
commonly No. 12. This should be spe-
cified, because it improves the service.
(Continued on page 74)

January, 1922

Is There a Place to Sit
in Your Garden?

A rose arbor is a pleasant place
for tea, or a bridge game, or
an hour with a new book.

If you make it easy to spend
time in your garden, you'll find
that somehow or other you'll
have more time to spend there.

When writing enclose 1 Oc and
ask for Catalogue "P-33."

For Pergolas — Garden Houses — Arbors
Gates and Lattice Fences

HARTMANN-SANDERS CO.

Main Office and Factory
Elston and Webster Aves. Chicago, 111.

Eastern Office and Show Room
6 East 39th Street New York City

Rurpee's
sr\S e e d;s

The Leading American Seed Catalog

Burpee's Annual is a handsome book of 1 80 pages
with more than a hundred of the finest vegetables
and flowers illustrated in the colors of nature. It is
a complete guide to the vegetable and flower garden.

Burpee's Annual is used as a reference book by thou-
sands of gardeners. And even children enjoy reading
the Annual because it is so interesting and easy to
understand.

Burpee's Annual tells the plain truth about the Best
Seeds That Grow. If you are interested in gardening
or farming Burpee's Annual will be mailed to you
free. Write today for your copy of Burpee's Annual.
A post card will do.

W. Atlee Burpee Co.

Seed Growers Philadelphia

A New Color ! A New Size !

Schling's Wonderful New Snapdragon

| "INDIAN SUMMER" j

r*HE greatest achievement in Snapdragons to date, introducing
•1 a new and bewitching color never before seen in Snap-
dragons,— a lovely rich velvety and glossy copper color, inde-
scribably beautiful 1

And as for size, it is without
even a near rival. The individual
flowers are at least one-third
larger than our most vaunted
giant Snapdragons of today, — the
plant is much more robust, and
the flower spikes are taller and
much stronger, equalling those of
our modern gladioli.

It would be heartbreaking not
to have this marvelous new Snap-
dragon in your garden this year!
Send for your supply at once —
one dollar a pkt., 6 for $5.00 —
and we will also send you your
copy of our

BOOK FOR GARDEN LOVERS

A practical guide to seeds of supreme qual-
ity for gardens of quality. Full of valuable
pointers that will save you from needless mis-
takes and help you to achieve success in
your garden. You will have much to be
proud of and nothing to apologize for if
you take this book for your guide and
counselor.

$ Seeds

26 W. 59th St. New York

YOU can make your garden a real delight by select-
ing from our wide assortment of roses, hardy
flowers, shrubs and ornamental trees. It is possible
to plan for your entire garden with Wagner Flowers
and Plants. Our landscape experts are prepared to
furnish simple plans for your guidance, or handle all
details of planting.
Please write for Wagner Illustrated Catalog No. 271. It is free.

THE WAGNER PARK NURSERIES

Box 71

Sidney, Ohio

House & Garden

Arm Chair and End Table Matching Suite Below

RARPE N

F U R.N I TTI RE

MORE than, a superficial inspection is necessary
if you would choose really good furniture.
Beautiful furniture of unknown make, which to all
outward appearances may seem of good quality and
workmanship, very often fails to pass the test of time.
Karpen furniture, beautiful and in excellent taste,
possesses those inbuilt Karpen qualities which assure
the owner of comfort and good appearance even
after years of usage.

Wisely then, do discriminating people look for the
small Karpen name-plate which is a symbol of
unquestioned guarantee.

Karpen

Gvjctr&r\teed
Upholstered
F\imii\ire

On crer\ piece
Make sure
it is tii^re

We shall be glad to send you upon request Book N of
"Distinctive Designs" with name of nearest Karpen dealer.

S. KARPEN &. BROS.

Exhibition Rooms Exhibition Rooms

801-811 S. Wabash Ave. 37th St. and Broadway

CHICAGO

NEW YORK

Also manufacturers of Karpen Fiber Rush and Reed Furniture
and Dining, Office and Windsor Chairs

Cutting the Cost of Electric Wiring

(Continued from page 72)

There is practically no reason to fear
electric wiring as a source of fire. Amer-
ican standards are the highest in the
world and once a job has been ap-
proved by a qualified underwriter's in-
spector, no further thought need be
given it on this score.

Bell wiring is a detail of the general
wiring scheme commonly neglected.
Any boy can install a bell circuit ac-
cording to the prevalent version, where-
as it requires much the same planning
and execution as light and power cir-
cuits to make it effective.

The chief source of trouble on these
systems is the wire, and to prevent this
a type known as No. 16 weatherproof
should be specified. This is heavier and
better insulated than the common bell
variety and will give far greater satis-
faction.

Bells themselves are another prolific
cause of trouble because cheap types are
so often employed. See that a good
bell is put in. The added cost will be
more than made up in superior service.

Batteries are now rarely used to sup-
ply current for bell systems, being re-
placed by bell or ringing transformers
fed from the general current supply. A
connection for such equipment should
therefore be provided when the main
circuits are being run.

The annunciator, used to indicate
calls from several pushbuttons, should
be located at a point which will always
be accessible and one not too far from
rooms generally occupied. Similar con-
venience can be secured by providing
an extension bell or buzzer in at least
one bedroom, so that it can be switched
on at night.

Fixtures are a complete subject in
themselves and cannot be considered

here in detail. But it does seem neces-
sary to point out that they were in-
tended originally as sources of light, for
style instead of illuminating character-
istics has apparently been the deciding
factor in their choice.

A little observation will show that
our homes are far less well lighted than
our offices, factories, or theatres, prin-
cipally because the interior decorator
and not the illuminating engineer has
been permitted to dictate the design of
fixtures.

Of course fixtures should harmonize
with rooms and their contents. They
are too integral a part of the picture
and their ornamental possibilities are
too great to be overlooked. But the
primary function of a lighting fixture is
to give light, and give it in a manner
thoroughly agreeable to the eyes. Ap-
pearance should therefore be subordi-
nate, though the two can be happily
combined if a real effort is made to
accomplish such an end.

In conclusion let me emphasize the
point I tried to make at the outset, that
in the long run the cheapest job of
electric house wiring is the job which
makes necessary the fewest future al-
terations or additions.

This sort will, cost more at first.
When you see just how much more you
will probably waver. But don't turn back.
Include every desired detail, every little
convenience, and probable extension.
If you do, you can be sure you will be
able to smile sympathetically at a neigh-
bour wailing in distraction from the
midst of ripped up floors and rocketing
bills, and say sweetly, "Yes, I suppose
it must be terribly annoying. But, you
see, we had all that taken care of in
the original plans."

What Can Be Done With Moldings

(Continued from page 29)

Karpen Suite of Modern Design. Style 604

as a plain band in a group of moldings,
notwithstanding its commonly incon-
spicuous character and its apparently
humble function, it is an exceedingly
vital member. It is really the pivotal
feature of the profile (the profile is the
cross section of a combination of mold-
ings) the balancing element that pre-
serves equilibrium and assures stability
to the composition.

To juxtapose a number of curved
members, will give the profile of a
cornice, or other assemblage of mold-
ings, a wriggling, restless line; it is nec-
essary to have flat surfaces or fillets,
however narrow, separate them and give
coherence and definition to the group.
The fillet, in fact, serves as a point of
departure and return for the eye — a
place for it to rest and escape the cloy-
ment of unrelieved curves. The eye
apprehends and traverses a straight flat
surface more rapidly than it does a
curved surface. Therefore, the fillet not
only acts as a foil to the adjacent curved
members of a group of moldings, en-
hancing their grace of line, but it con-
ducts the eye quickly along the whole
molded course and thus imparts life and
action. Its effect upon the molded group
is comparable to the vivifying and in-
tensifying effect of contrast in the realm
of color.

To take another specific example, the
striking and vigorous fireplace surround,
in the dining room of the house at St.
Martins, Pa., owes its character, at once
robust and refined, to the following well-
considered composition — a bead, a ca-
vetto, a fillet, a bold half-round or
torus, a fillet, a rather flat cyma, and a
bead or astragal, reading from outside
towards the stone facing. In this case
the outer bead serves to give shadow and
definition, the inner bead imparts the
same kind of accent between a flattened

cyma and the broad flat stone surface.
The chief lesson this fireplace stresses,
however, is the propriety of generally
having some one principal member
which dominates a group of moldings
and to which all the others lead up as
a climax.

In the latticed porch to the garden door,
the elegance and interest of the com-
position proceed chiefly from the happy
arangement of the moldings — a small
quarter-round, a boldly flowing cyma,
which is the dominant feature, and a de-
pressed fillet, the last named immediately
framing the opening.

The porch and chimney of the little
house in the Cotswold manner owe no
small part of their charm to the presence
of the moldings and their careful disposi-
tion. The carved sandstone Tudor
doorway, in the paneled oak room, like-
wise derives its character from the qual-
ity of the moldings and their arrange-
ment.

We have already noted the functions
of the fillet and its relation to curved
members. Let us glance for a moment
at the properties of some of the others.
The cyma, from its compound nature,
being partly convex and partly concave,
yields variety and richness through its
contrast of light and shadow and the
subtlety of its curves. It softens angu-
larity of line and adds grace and, in pro-
portion to the quality of its curves, con-
tributes either lively movement or
suavity.

The cavetto supplies depth of shadow
and serves to advance the projection of
the profile of the whole group of molded
members.

The quarter-round or ovolo also ad-
vances projection and is a particularly
useful member of transition. The torus
contributes boldness and stability, and a
(Continued on page 76)

January, 1922

limit™ \Vindoirt Initalltt in lletidenre Mr. T. Uelbye. Welleslev Ililli, Man.
Architects: Blackall, Clapp A Wtiittemoie. Boston, Mass.

BEFORE YOU BUILD LEARN OF THE
MANY ADVANTAGES OF

Lunken Windows

FOR THE

Residence, Hospital, Apartment Building and Hotel

Insuring Health — Comfort — Convenience and Economy

A double hung window, with any degree of ventilation up to 100% of
frame opening. Zero tight when closed due to copper weatherstripping.
Copper Screens cover entire opening and can be safely stored within the
window pocket in ten seconds.

These Combined Advantages in Lunken Windows are unknown in every
other type of window now in use. They save heat, labor and screen,
damage, can be easily installed in any type of new building. There are
no complicated parts, and their construction admits of any desired in-
side or outside trim or decoration, yet their appearance when installed
is the same as a standard double hung window.
Delivered from Factory Complete — glazed, fitted, screened,
hung, weatherstripped, tested and guaranteed— ready to set
in wall.

Investigate the advantages of LUNKEN WINDOWS before
planning new buildings. Grant us the privilege of sending
detailed information. Write today.

The Lunken Window Co.

4205 Cherry Street Cincinnati, Ohio

Bldr

Residence of W. W. Orcutt
C. C. & S. /. Chapman, Arch, and
Los Angeles, Calif.

Does Your Home Need

Bay State Protection?

If the exceptional beauty imparted by Bay State were its only
feature, it would still be the first choice of discriminating buyers.
For Bay State makes concrete and stucco homes truly beautiful.

But Bay State protects as it beautifies. It waterproofs all houses
of brick, cement and stucco. Dampness will not seep in. Driving
rains cannot beat through a Bay State coated wall. It lasts for
years. You can get Bay State Brick and Cement Coating in
white, and a range of colors. Let us send you samples.
Booklet No. 2 shows many homes made beautiful with Bay
State. Write today for samples and booklet.

WADSWORTH. HOWLAND & CO., Inc.

Paint and Varnish Manufacturers

BOSTON, MASS.

New York Office Philadelphia Office

Architects' Bldg. 1524 Chestnut Street The Bay Stater

BAY STAT E

Brick and Cement Coating

Soft Water

for
Your Home •

No matter how hard, how unsatisfactory
your present water supply is, it can be easily
transformed to clear, sparkling water that
is actually softer than rain.

A Permutit Household Water Softener is a metal
tank containing Permutit material through which
your water supply flows. It is connected into your
present water supply system in the basement, or
other convenient spot, and operates under your
ordinary water pressure without additional pumps
or motors. It is fully guaranteed and no chemicals
are added to the water.

Water thus treated is free from the dangerous con-
taminations found in rain water systems and is
wonderfully adapted for drinking and all household
purposes. Let us send you our booklet "Soft Water
in Every Home." No obligations we assure you.

1 44O Fom-lK Ave. New-York

••III llllllIIIIinillBllllllIllllllllllllillllll^

The Home Building Spirit

"CREO-DIPT" Stained Shingles are so adaptable to detail
and to color arrangement that they are specified by this
country's prominent architects.

Either for a variegated color scheme or for a simple one color scheme,
"CREO-DIPT" Stained Shingles meet the anticipation.
The "CREO-DIPT" contribution to real " home" building is made
possible in this bungalow by three shades of green stained shingles for
a variegated roof effect and by the 24-inch "Dixie White" Stained
Shingles on the side walls.

Send today for Portfolio of Fifty large Photographs of Homes by Prominent Ar-
chitects as well as color samples. Ask about " CREO-DIPT " Thatch Roofs and
24-inch " Dixie White " Side Walls for the true colonial white etfect.

CBSECHBOFTr C©Rfl!r»AWY. SBC.

1012 Oliver Street North Tonawanda, N. Y.

• 'CR I-O- D I PT1 • Stained Sh ineles used
on side walls and roof of home of
•^ Charles E. Finlay. KensinBton, Great

Neck, L. I., by Archt. Chester A.
Patterson, New York City.

Portfolio
o/Homos H

'CREO-DIPT"

Stained Shingles

House & Garden

1 8 1 8

"Eclipsd
Enameled
Iron Bath

What Can Be Done with Moldings

Where Luxury and

Economy Meet

The "Eclipso" is a built-in bath for every man
—beautiful in finish and appearance yet inex-
pensive and therefore within the reach of the
average home builder.

Those who are planning to build or remodel
will find it to their advantage to see the Mott
"Eclipso" bath first.

When fitted with the Leonard Jr. Thermo-
static Mixing Valve, it is a positive luxury.
This wonderful little instrument delivers the
water to either the bath or the shower at any
temperature desired — insuring perfect safety
and greater comfort.

Send for the New Mott Bathroom Book illus-
trating a variety of beautiful bathrooms in
color and giving many valuable suggestions.

Address Department A

Ihe J.L.MOTT IRON WORKS, Trenton.W.J.

NEW YORK, Fifth Avenue and Seventeenth Street

Branch Offices and Showrooms

•Boston
•Chicago
'Lincoln, Neb.
•Jacksonville, Fla.
•St. Paul, Minn.

Fargo, N. D.

Sioux Falls, S. D.
•Minneapolis. Minn.

Duluth. Minn.

'Cincinnati, Ohio
•New Orleans
•Dea Moines
•Detroit
•Toledo
•Indianapolis
•Dayton, Ohio
•St. Louis
•Kansas City, Mo.
•Havana, Cuba

MOTT COMPANY, Limited
•Montreal, Toronto.

Winnipeg, Canada

MOTT CO. of PENNA.

•Philadelphia

•Salt Lake City

Newark, N. J.

Pittsburgh
•Washington, D. C.

Columbus, O.

Houston, Texas
•1'ortland. Ore.

El Paso, Texas

Cleveland, O.

MOTT SOUTHERN CO.
•Atlanta, Ga.
Charlotte, N. C.

MOTT CO. of CALIFORNIA

•San Francisco
Los Angeles

(Continued from page 74)

•Showrooms equipped with model bathrooms

suave but vigorous element of relief and
high light

The bead or astragal gives finish, ele-
gance and precision, and is especially
valuable in imparting sharp definition
and emphasis.

So it goes. Each kind of molding has
its own particular attributes and func-
tions, and one may play upon their
potentialities in almost endless variety
of combination. But while keeping all
the foregoing considerations in mind,
there is one fact of great import that
must not be forgotten. Two moldings
may answer exactly in every particular
to the technical requirements of one
given definition— let us say, for example,
the definition of a cyma— and yet they
may be absolutely different in general
aspect and quality of contour. One
cyma may be refined, the other cyma
vulgar; one may be instinct with the
strength of restraint, the other may be
merely bombastic. One cavetto may be
full of vigor, the curve of another may
be such that its effect is poor and puny,
There is just as much difference between
the individual examples of one species of
molding as there is between the indi-
viduals of one race or nation of men.
And the differences are often so subtle
that they absolutely elude any more ac-
curate verbal definition than the one we
are accustomed to give them. They
must be seeri to be perceived. Just as
the manners of men differ in endless de-
tails, so do moldings, which are the
manners of architecture, differ widely
among their fellows belonging technical-
ly to the same category. Because of this
element of limitless variation, in judging
moldings one must exercise the utmost
discrimination and accustom the eye to
a careful appraisal of values.

On the one hand, nothing is more
subtle than a curve and the shades of
expression it can convey by slight varia-
tions in the degree of flexure ; on the
other, nothing is more subtle than the
relation of one proportion to another,
But the existence of these subtleties
should not discourage the layman,
Knowing that they exist, the interested
layman will be on guard, if he or she be
a person of taste, and the subtleties/
instead of proving a baffling perplexity,
will be an aid to ensuring results both
strong and refined and to avoiding what
is weak or vulgar, if the fundamental
properties and functions of the moldings
themselves be kept clearly in mind.

First of all, a molding arrests the eye
and carries the gaze along in its own
direction. Thus it not only supplies ac-
cent and a sense of continuity, but, in
the matter of everyday practical applica-
tion enables one to stress height O"1
breadth, as desired, in the case of a room
or a piece of furniture, so that the ap-
parent correction of too great or too
little height, too great or too little

breadth, can be materially assisted in

^is way.

In the second place, the degree of pro-
jection may be readily regulated in a
succession of moldings. One may lessen
the projection, widen the fillets and re-
press the flexure of the curved members,
or increase the projection, narrow the
fillets and stress the flexure of the curved
members. By repressing the projection
of a group of moldings, for example, we
can increase the apparent size of a room
or of a piece of cabinetwork without
losing the enrichment or the emphasis
which the moldings properly convey,
and which we should lose in large meas-
ure if the molding units were curtailed
in number. The converse of this prin-
ciple, of course, is true.

In the third place, by a judicious em-
ployment of moldings one may convert
an erstwhile structural cube, with four
walls, a floor and a ceiling, into a room
—how many such are waiting conver-
sion! — with -some distinctive character
of its own. Likewise, by the same
means, may one transform a box into an
acceptable piece of cabinetwork. The
process of transformation, of course, de-
mands that the moldings and the group-
ings of moldings be kept in scale with
the size of the room or the piece of fur-
niture to be improved. Otherwise the
business had better be let alone, as it
could not be successful.

The Greeks considered that moldings
occupied a middle position between or-
namental sculptures and the simple ar-
chitectural lines or contour of the mass
or main structure, and that they impart-
ed a richly decorative effect without in-
terfering with the beauty of the latter.
A piece of sculpture too large for its
place dwarfs its environment and de-
stroys its scale. The same is true of
ill-judged moldings. The importance,
therefore, of observing scale may be
readily appreciated.

In the choice of moldings, and in as-
sembling combinations of moldings, the
householder may exercise a large indi-
vidual choice and, furthermore, may
have the satisfaction of making experi-
ments to any extent, especially if wooden
moldings be used. And there is no im-
propriety in using wooden moldings in
conjunction with surfaces of other ma-
terials, as there is ample historic prece-
dent to demonstrate. The stock mold-
ings that may be had of any dealer in
millwork are often of admirable profile,
and if none can be found that are ex-
actly suitable it is not a difficult matter
to have special moldings run. If there
is a cornice to be composed, involving
the assembling of a number of moldings,
experimental combinations may be made
with the loose units until a satisfactory
series is obtained, when the several mem-
bers may be firmly attached to a back-
ing board.

ORGANIZING THE ROSE

J. HORACE McFARLAND

LITERATURE recognizes the rose
as the queen of flowers, and con-
vention assumes that it is the
universal flower. In nearly every lan-
guage spoken in civilization the sound
of its name would bring the same recog-
nition.

Yet after all the rose is hardly known
in America in the way in which a fa-
miliar fruit — the apple, for example —
is known. True, it is recognized on sight,
but real knowledge implies more than
mere recognition. An acquaintance dif-
fers from a friend, particularly if one
comes to really need a friend.

America is only just beginning to do
what has long been proceeding abroad
in actually organizing the rose, so that
it shall be the familiar friend of the
people, the loved flower that is truly
universal. France has long had an as-
sociation of rose folks who promote in-

terest in the culture of the rose, and the
French society issues a monthly maga-
zine, "Les Amis du Rose" wholly de-
voted to rose study and promotion.

It is in England, however, that the
most and the best attention has been
given to the society form of rose or-
ganization. The National Rose Society
is a large and strong organization, sup-
ported by both the amateur and the
professional growers of the rose, and
with a membership extending to every
corner of the world where an English-
man can grow a rose, or where a true
rose-lover can live.

This great society does one particular
service among many in holding each
year two or more rose shows, at which
the great rosarians of England, Ireland
and Scotland bring to attention their
latest contributions to the improvement
(Continued on page 78)

January, 1922

For Gardeners

Who Look

Ahead

January is the "planning
month." They know, too,
that it's the month for order-
ing Deutzias, Philadelphia,
Spireas, Dwarf Evergreens,
and perennials that will be
wanted in early spring.

Farr's Landscape Service is
prepared to help the Look-
Ahead Gardener with simple
suggestions for a small garden
of perennials, or with detailed
plans for a more pretentious
planting, even a large estate.
Write us for particulars.

Farr's Hardy
Plant Specialties

Will Be Sent Postpaid for $1.00

It covers a comprehensive
collection of the best Peonies,
Irises, Phlox, rare shrubs and
evergreens. This catalog is
too expensive for promiscu-
ous distribution, but will be
sent on receipt of $1, which
may be deducted from the
first order amounting to $10
(or plants, shrubs or trees.

Bertrand H. Farr

WYOMISSING NURSERIES
COMPANY

106 Gar field Ave.
Wyomissing, Penna.

Introducing Beckert's

New Mammoth
Snapdragons

Novelties for 1922

Representing the highest develop-
ment yet attained in Antirrhinums.
These new varieties make strong,
vigorous plants, 2^2 to 3 feet high,
with long spikes thickly studded
with enormous blossoms. They
are unsurpassed for cutting and
decorative purposes. In six un-
usually fine colors, as follows:
Apple Blossom: Delicate rosy pink
with yellow lip and pure white
throat.

The Rose: Clear, deep rose pink;

flowers of extraordinary size.

Wallflower: Bronzy orange, shad*

ing from coppery red at the edges

to clear deep yellow in the tube.

Copper King: Brightest scarlet

with a warm copper sheen.

Lilac Spray: Lilac - purple with

golden yellow throat.

Purple Glow: Gigantic flowers,

deep rosy purple.

Any of these six varieties in

sealed packets only at 35c each.

The collection, six packets, one of

each variety — for $2.00, postpaid.

Write for a FREE copy of Beck-
ert's Complete Catalog of Seeds,
Bulbs and Garden Supplies fc-r
1922.

BECKERT'S SEED STORE

101-103 Federal Street, Dept. H

Pittsburgh, Pa.

A "GLAD" MESSAGE

Spring with all its lustre will be here before
we are aware of it. Let us start a garden of
GLADIOLI this season. For the small sum
of $1.00 I will send to you postpaid any one
of the following collections :

SPECIAL OFFER #1

24 Bulbs for $1.00 Postpaid

AMERICA, 3 BERNICE.

Lavender-Pink Cream. Suffused Pink

3 BLACK HAWK, 3 MIRANDA,

Cardinal Bed Yellow

3 CRACKERJACK, 3 HALLEY

Maroon Salmon-Pink

3 MEADOWVALE, 3 PANSY,

White Dark Blue

SPECIAL OFFER #2

16 Bulbs for $1.00 Postpaid

2 INTENSITY, Bright Red
2 SUMMER, Mauve-Lilac
2 NIAGARA, Creamy Yellow
2 PRES. TAFT, Delicate Pink
2 MRS. WATT, Wine Color
2 IDA VAN, Deep Scarlet
2 SCARSDALE, Pink-Lavender
2 FAUST, "Harvard" Crimson

SPECIAL OFFER #3

10 Bulbs for $1.00 Postpaid

1 CLARICE, 1 PRINCE OF

Hose. Pink
1 SCHWABEN,

Canary Yellow
1 MARY FENNELL,

LiRht Lavender
1 DISTINCTION,

Deep Wine Red

1 MRS. F. PENDLE-

TON,

Pink, Carmine Throat

WALES,
Orange
1 PEACE.
White

1 CONSPICUOUS.

Light Blue
1 WILBRINK,

Flesh Color
1 EMPRESS OF
INDIA.

Very Dark Red
Cultural Directions Sent Kith Kach Order

JEL .E ROOS

Rose dale Specialties

*n many varieties and in large sizes
for immediate effect. Also Fruits
(dwarf and standard) .

S m ^ varieties and many sizes,
up to 25 feet. Frequent trans-
planting assures compact root systems
that stand moving well.

Fruit and Ornamental Trees and

»3IirVlDS in great variety, including extra sizes
for immediate effect.

We will issue two helpful catalogs

February and August. Send us your
name and address.

ROSEDALE NURSERIES

Box H

Tarrytown, N. Y. The Majestic Douglas Fir

The Roses of New Castle

Are the hardiest, easiest growing, freest
blooming rose plants in America. Always
grown on their own roots in the fertile soil of
New Castle. We are expert Rose growers and
give you the benefit of a life time experience
and the most select list in America. Every
desirable rose now cultivated in America is
included in our immense stock — and the prices
are right.

Our Rose Book for 1922

"ROSES OF NEW CASTLE"

tells you how to make rose growing a success. The
most complete book on rose culture ever published,
elaborately printed In actual colors. Gives all Infor-
mation that you need. Send for your copy to day
— a postal will do.

HELLER BROS. CO.
Box 152 New Castle, I n.l.

WHAT YOU CAN
DO IN JANUARY

A Personal Message
from Henry Hicl^s

is no need to wait
[_ until Spring to carry out
those tree and shrubbery
dreams of yours. Evergreens
from three to thirty feet high,
and shade trees from ten to
forty — these are good things to
plant now. Shrubs can also be
set out by the same methods, if
you so desire. Winter planting
is being followed out more and
more as it becomes better un-
derstood. At our Long Island
nurseries we have developed it
to a science which leads us to
stake our reputation on its suc-
cess when properly done.

Winter planting should be
preceded by mulching. Mulch-
ing means covering the ground
with a six inch blanket of dead
leaves, grass, strawy manure or
salt hay to keep out the frost.
If this is applied before the
ground freezes four inches
deep, it will protect the plant-
ing area until you are ready to
dig the holes for the new
stock. You simply decide what
and where you want to plant,
next mulch ; and then order
the trees from us. For an ever-
green six feet or a shade tree
fifteen feet high, you should
mulch a circle five feet in
diameter.

Try Winter Gardening

and Surprise Your

Neighbors

And surprise yourself as well by
your accomplishments. You will
have a lot of fun making your green
garden come true.

Come to the nursery, drive around,
pick branches of evergreens and red
berries, get acquainted with beauties
you may not have known.

On Long Island Winter planting
is practicable 80% of the time.
Farther inland the greater cold may
interfere more often, but it is well
worth trying. To encourage the
practice we will credit you with
$2 for every $1 of mulching cost.
That is, supposing the mulching
costs you $5. we will add $10 worth
of stock to your order, free.

Time saving is the greatest ma-
terial achievement of the age. Hicks
Nursery will save you ten to
twenty-five years.

Is your place planted and are you
satisfied ? Have you become narrow-
minded? You want to improve it if
you know what to do. Send us
sketches or photographs and we will
help you decide. It is easier for us
because we know what the plants
will do in your soil and climate.

This is the time, too, to get into
concrete form those ideas about
changing the planting of your
grounds. We will be glad to help
you work them out if you will send
us sketches or photographs and tell
us what you have in mmd. In the
Spring we will not have so much
time to work over them with you.

And we'll he glad to send you our
Home Landscapes, Commuter's Edi-
tion. It is illustrated with pastels
by Miss Mary Helen Carlisle and
paintings by Miss Anna Winegar
and others. It will show you how
to make harmonious color combina-
tions and quiet little gardens and
children's playgrounds. They are
like an outdoor room shut off from
the sight and noise of streets and
neighboring buildings.

HICKS NURSERIES

Box H, Westbury, Long Island
New York

Please mention1 House & Garden in writing.

BUILD NOW

And let Sargent Hard-
ware add the final touch
of beauty and security to
your home.

The first impression

of your home

THIRST impressions often rest
JT* on details. The hardware on
your front door for instance,
while not obtrusive, does not
go unobserved. It should be a
thing of beauty as well as se-
curity, and it will be if you
choose Sargent Hardware.

There are Sargent designs
to harmonize perfectly with
your architectural and deco-
rative standards, inside or out.
Always beautiful and always
secure.

Select your hardware with
care. Discuss it with your
architect. Remember, that al-
though a comparatively small
item of total cost it is a big
factor in final appearance.

The Sargent Book of Designs
will help you select the proper
pattern. Send for a copy today.

SARGENT & COMPANY

Hardware Manufacturers
31 Water St. New Haven, Conn.

Sargent Door Closers

Doors that stand ajar or doors that
slam are equally objectionable. Sar-
gent Door Closers keep doors closed
surely but silently. There are closers
for light inside use as well as the type
for heavier doors.

S A R G E N

LOCKS AND H A R D W A R E

House &• Garden

Organizing the Rose

(Continued from page 76)

of the queen of flowers. These shows years, and its 1922 publication will be

are largely attended, and at them the available in March. Each annual is a

expert judging of the new roses results cloth-bound volume of about two hun-

in the presentation to those found dred pages, finely illustrated, and con-

worthy of gold and silver medals and taining only original rose material,

certificates which are the most coveted obtained from the members of the

rose honors in the world, unless it be society who tell their experiences. Each

that the award of the international volume is complete and distinct, with

trials at the Bagatelle Gardens in Paris no duplication, and it is little wonder

is more catholic in its scope. that some of the issues, supplied only

to members and not available in book

Testing Gardens stores, are already at a premium, one

But great as is the English rose or-
ganization, with its vigorous daughter

year (1920) being out of print.

The American Rose Annual records

, aU rose progresS) describes all new va-

in Australia, it does not accomplish one rieties and illustrates many of them,

thing which bids fair to make its young- fol]ows discoveries and research in rose
er American prototype uniquely valu- tection from msects and diseases,

able to the nation. The American Rose tabulates the results of variety trials,

Society is responsible for the institution and co]lects in entertaining form the

and promotion of rose-test gardens in rose gossip of America. It is small won-

which are planted on equal terms all der that it js cal]ed the best rose book

attainable varieties. The public secures in the wor]d) for it ^ the production of

in consequence opportunity to select thg begt rose amateurs of the COUntry.
those roses which have done best in the An important feature of the Annual

particular location of the garden. As ... .^ accurate list of an roses originated

these gardens already exist in such wide- in America) with their parentage as well

ly separated climatic zones as Washing- ag {he of their introduction. jhis

ton, Ithaca Hartford, Minneapolis and ,ist ser^es a valuable record purpose,

Portland (Oregon), it will be noted that and ^ we]1 prevents the duplication of

data of great value are made available. names The registration with the So-

It is expected that similar test gar- d o{ new roses is a pre-requisite to

dens will be established in each location the/ introduction to commerce, and all

offering a distinct zone relating to rose thg {orei hybridizers are now

prosperity. In addition, rose show idin the Society w;th accurate de-

gardens are promoted these being |Tcri tions of their introductions, thus

planned to display the beauties of the avoidi dependence upon the often too
flower, rather than for testing Such uine catal statements sometimes

gardens give vast pleasure to the com- made This service of accuracy to

munties in which they exist, and they Rose Soci mernbers is unique.
are of varying size One in St. Louis Another item of rose service by this
is of great extent, and one being planned anization is provided in its com-

f or Washington will include acres, while mfUee of advising and consulting rosar-

a dainty little rose garden in St. Cath- . indudi recOgnized authorities all

armes, Ontario, serves well a smaller oye; the nation who cheerfully answer

population. It is the hope of the Amer- Jn he, fu, detajl rose j iries sent to

ican Rose Society to have every com- them £ members Costl mistakes are

munity of a thousand or more popula- thus a/oi(Jed and troubles are often rec.

tion eslablish a rose show garden open t;fied [he rience thus available.
park or in R * anizat£n is further served b

to the public, either in a
some Similar public place.

Another result of rose organization

Rosg anizatn is further served by
the American Rose Societ in the send.

noter resut o rose organizaion Qut each autumn of a members,

America is the sUmulation of the ha6ndbook which indudes brief minutes
production of roses used in and for our f fa doi f ^ g d ,ate ros£
climate, which differs radically from the n and a* hic list o'f members

master and more equable climates of
England and France A few years ago,
barely five per cent of the roses i
American commerce were of American

M h on£ rn just who his

nei hbors ar(/

A stimulation to the organization of
tfae roge jn America ^ in prospect for

hybridization, and even the major part 1Q22 fa fa d rose pilgrimage,

of the plants used "were made in Eu- ,anned tofeasserable in a speciai train

rope". Now there are many superb members who will join in a transconti-

sorts that are credited to the United nenta, trf tQ Portland these to partic.

States and twice in six years the coveted . in {^ June festiva, which

Bagatelle gold medal awarded m Paris ^^ ft Qf Jmet lis the city

has gone to Los Angeles, while : the f rQses Thj Bn ; is planned to

sturdy climber named American Pillar -nd ^ side-trips to several national

has become an English favorite. Par- k as we]1 £ other ia] features

ticularly has America advanced in the Rose.lovers anywhere are eligible for

production of hardy climbing roses,
while such sorts as Radiance, Co umbia
and Gen. MacArthur
prominence abroad as well at home.

A h h membershi

have attained active and ^jn Sode

participation in organizing the rose in
s thig

now

indudes associates in forty-four states,
A great scientific worker with roses, j f j countries and over eight

' ^'/a? T\eet'/S "r f^K m hundred communities. To join the fra-

the Federal Department of Agriculture terni invo,vi no duty Jbut that of

with all the rose species of the world ros£ . fa ^ nec^ to send

at his hand for experiment. His pa- $3 OQ tQ John c ^ secretary 606

tience and genius have given us some Finance 4i]ding) Philadelphia. He will

superb varieties and one sort of espe- t d ^ f ros£ annua,

cial merit and adaptability is now ready and hand.book as well as a card of

admission

w Prwa,f • ^ ( S? Jh membership which has an

Mary Wallace, in honor of the daugh- , ^ ( h

ter of the Secretary of Agriculture, and

the Department has made a contract In support of this short article of Mr.

with the American Rose Society for its McFarland's, may we take occasion to

equitable dissemination. Other roses of urge everyone who is even slightly in-

novel character and great beauty, be- terested in roses to join the American

lieved to be peculiarly adapted for wide- Rose Society? This organization .has

spread culture, will be sent out later, done, is doing, and doubtless will cow-

Perhaps the greatest service of rose tinue to do great things for the improve-

organization yet done by the American ment, better understanding and wider

Rose Society is its publication each year dissemination of one of the best of our

of an interesting and carefully edited garden standbys. It heartily deserves

digest of rose progress and rose experi- all the support that we, a nation of

ence. Beginning in 1916, the American rapidly increasing garden lovers, can

Rose Annual has been issued for six give it. — THE EDITORS.

January, 1922

1922

'escribing my own creations
and standard varieties of all
the different types, classes
and colors of this flower1.

_oy <sna
jorjce /js/free

D A H L.A A. SPECIAUISX

Westerly, RKode Island

That Garden Book

for which you are looking

Is described in our new Book Cata-
log No. 6, recognized as the most
complete list of standard books
relating to American gardening,
the home grounds, horticulture
and outdoor life. Mailed free on
request.

Two of Our Leaders

PRACTICAL LANDSCAPE GAR-
DENING. Just the book for people
of moderate means interested in
attractive home grounds. Takes
up all the elements that enter into
the beautifying of properties. Re-
plete with photographic illustra-
tions, sketches and planting plans.
276 pages. Cloth, $2.65, postpaid.

GARDEN GUIDE. Fourth and en-
larged edition. The complete guide
on every phase of garden planning,
making and maintenance. Fruits,
flowers, vegetables, trees, shrubs —
all are covered thoroughly yet con-
cisely. 384 pages and nearly 300
illustrations. Paper, $1.10; cloth,
$1.65, postpaid.

A, T. DE LA MARE CO , Inc.

448-e West 37th St., New York, N. Y.

Kunderd's New
Gladiolus Catalog

For 1922 describes nearly 400
varieties in Ruffled, Plain-petaled
and Primulinus Types; all of
them originated by A. E. Kun-
derd. 29 varieties are shown in
beautiful colors and many others
are illustrated in halftone. Most
complete cultural information is
also given, with

Special Directions for
Growing Show Flowers

Kunderd's Gladioli are now so
well known as the best in the
world that no garden is complete
without a choice collection of
them. No other grower has ever
produced so many nor such won-
derful kinds. Send for the beau-
tiful free catalog described above
which shows in colors these new
Ruffled strains.

A.E.Kunderd

The Originator of the Ruffled Gladiolus

Box 2, Goshen, Ind., U. S. A.

'Shrubs, Ornamentals,
Vines and<3ruitoJrees.

These fast growing, healthy plants with the wonderfully developed root
systems which enable you to quickly add beauty, dignity and charm to
your lawn and garden are grown in our Upland Nursery, the largest in
New York State, under ideal climate conditions. Guaranteed to give
absolute satisfaction and sold to you at cost plus one profit only.
We give our personal attention to every step In the production of our stock from
budding to shipping, and know just what we are sending you and that our varie-
ties bear and bloom true to name.

Send today for our free descriptive catalogue, the illustrations and accurate des-
criptions Ui which will enable you to select the planting which just meets your
individual needs.

We prepay transportation charges on all orders for over $7.50

Maloney Bros. & Wells Co.

4 State Street
Dansville, N.Y.

The Wonderful Paul's Scarlet Climber

Awarded the gold medal and cup at the
National Rose Society's Exhibit last year. Presi-
dent Pennock, Society of American Florists, re-
ports from Bagatelle Gardens, Paris: "Paul's
Scarlet stood out by far the best among the
climbers and attracted the public probably more
than any other one rose."

Vivid scarlet, slightly crimson, it makes a
brilliant display for a long time. A strong
grower, free from mildew, diseases and insects.
By cutting back it can be made a beautiful bush
rose. Plants from 2*£" pots, 30c. 4 for $1.00,
postpaid. 2 year old plants, 90c each, $9.00 per
dozen; large specimen plants, $ 1 .50 each. By
express, with soil on roots. Plants on their
own roots.

Our "New Guide to Rose Culture"
for 1922. It's FREE

Illustrates wonderful "Dingee Roses" In natural colors.
Tho lifetime experience of the Oldest and Leading Rose
Growers in America. Offers 500 varieties Roses and other
plants, bulbs and seeds and tella how to grow thorn.
Edition limited.

THE DINGEE & CONARD CO.

Box 172

West Grove, Pa.

Write today!
for our 1922'
Seed Catalog!

For over 54 years John A.
Salzer Seed Company has en-
joyed an unequalled reputa- *V
tion as the reliable seed house J

of the country.

Salzer Garden Seeds are sold with
a money-back guarantee.
All Salzer Seeds are tested at our
great Cliffwood Farms estate near
La Crosse. Here we maintain a
force of many garden experts, un-
der the direction of a European
specialist, whose constant object is
the testing, proving and bettering
of the seeds we sell.

EVERYTHING FOR
THE GARDEN

Our catalog comprises 134 pages, fully
illustrated, showing every variety of veg-
etable and flower seeds, and all of the
choicest strains.

We have always specialized in the devel-
oping of new and advantageous varieties,
and have brought out many of the most
famous strains known.

This catalog will give you complete in-
formation about our new offerings, as
well as giving you a complete list of the
seeds you will require for vegetable and
flower garden, as well as for field and
grass seeds.

ALL NORTHERN GROWN

Our seeds are noted for their hardiness,
being all Northern grown, hence less sub-
ject to frost destruction.

We also pride ourselves on haying the
finest collection of early maturing veg-
etables and early blooming flowers.
Send for this great 1922 catalog before
planning your gardens for next Summer.

OUR SPECIAL COLLECTIONS

Wt have two special
collections for coun-
try estates — a veg-
etable and a flower
collection. Each is
listed at $2.50. Will
send cither one — or
both — on receipt of
$2.50 each.

Our vegetable collec-
tion includes seeds
for all popular vari-
eties of garden veg-
etables, and all of
the finest strains we
Brow. Seed enough to
sow a garden of 1500
square feet, enough to
keep you in choicest
veKftables and most
delicious salads all
Summer long.
Send for this collec-
tion when writing for
catalog. It is tho
biggest value for the
money ever offered.

List of Seeds in
Collection:

SNAPDRAGON
CANDYTUFT

BACH. BUTTON
SWEET PEAS
MIGNONETTE

CALIF. POPPY

GAILLARDIA

MATRICARIA

NASTURTIUM

VERBENA

ASTER

COSMOS

PANSY

ZINNIA
PINKS

MYOSOTIS

LOBELIA

DAISY

PHLOX

DAHLIAS

JOHN A. SALZER SEED CO.
Dept. 50 LA CROSSE, WIS.

SOW-SALZER'S-SEEDS

House & Garden

Jr,

ligidaire 'Completes
the Home

Frigidaire, the electrical home re-
frigerator contributes in a large
measure to the convenience and
comfort of modern homes.

It is self-contained and automatic.
It eliminates the bother and uncer-
tainty ot an outside ice supply. It
maintains a dry, constant tempera-
ture, at least ten degrees colder than
is possible with ice.

Frigidaire provides ice cubes for
table use and delicious desserts are
frozen as needed in the freezing
compartment.

It keeps meats, vegetables, fruits
and dairy products delightfully fresh
and wholesome.

Frigidaire is a product of General
Motors Corporation and is thor-
oughly dependable.

It is now being demonstrated in our
branch offices and by Delco-Light
distributors in all principal cities.

A descriptive booklet describing
Frigidaire in detail will be mailed
on request.

DELCO-LIGHT COMPANY

Dayton, Ohio

The price of Frigidaire has recently been
reduced from $775 to $595 /. o. b. Dayton

Agapanthus um-
bellatus produces
tall stalks bearing
heads of white or
blue flowers. It
requires but lit-
tle water during
winter

THE RARER BULBS FOR WINTER

OF all the many flowers and win-
dow garden plants native and
exotic, none is so popular as bulbs
and tubers. They are the earliest, flow-
erers; they are the individuals which
brighten the home when snow and ice
cover the great out-of-doors, and they
are the welcome forerunners of spring.

The greater part of them are chil-
dren of those regions where climatic
conditions are such that they are forced
to undergo a periodic state of rest. In
this dormant condition they remain
under ground, protected during the un-
favorable seasons. Many of the most
remarkable and charming bulbs are in-
habitants of steppes and barren plains
where, in the spring, an almost endless
variety is found in size, in color and
form. But in summer, the intense heat
has parched all of the delicate foliage
so that only the most hardy of weeds
and shrubs can survive. Here the con-
ditions are often such that the summer
and winter are extreme. Only during
the spring is there a dependable rain-
fall, producing the most profuse and
luxuriant vegetation.

The withdrawing of all external parts
of the plant during the greater part of
the four seasons makes them ideal for
window garden cultivation. The species
of Agapanthus have such character-
istics. They are comparatively seldom
found in the window garden, although
they make very attractive plants.

A comparatively high flowering shaft
is produced by Agapanthus umbellatus,
the white flowers of its varieties being
either simple or compound. But these
varieties are not so beautiful as the blue

flowering species. During the winter
this plant needs but little moisture; in
the summer a much larger quantity is
required. Liquid fertilizers should also
be provided. It is only necessary to
transplant them when the roots become
too crowded and then only after the
flowering period.

If this plant is continually trans-
planted, vegetative propagation take
place at the expense of the flowers. If
they are transplanted great care must
be taken that the roots are not in-
jured nor must they be pruned back.
The same is true when the stronger
bulbs are being forced.

Another beautiful and charming bulb
whose habitat is South-western Europe
and Northern Africa is Scilla peruviana.
The flowers make their debut during the
latter part of winter. They are totally
different from all other species of this
plant in that a tall shaft is produced
on which more than 100 star shaped
light blue flowers are developed which
will keep for four weeks if they are
not placed in too warm a place.

The cultivation of this plant is com-
paratively simple. The bulbs are placed
in a large pot during the months of
October or November in such a manner
that the neck of the bulb protrudes
slightly out of the soil. Then the con-
tainer is placed in a dark, cool, frost-
free room. After about four weeks,
during which time the roots will have
developed, the plant is placed in a cool
or temperate room. As soon as the
leaves make their appearance, the plant
must be placed near a window. When
(Continued on page 82)

In Clivia miniata we find a plant from South Africa which is

unusual and ornamental. Its blossoms are orange colored,

while its luxuriant foliage, is notably insect-proof

January, 1922

Indoors

right in your own home — all through
the winter months — you can have
the charm and cheer and beauty of
Narcissi I

Special offer to House & Garden readers

NARCISSI

Paper White Grandiflora, $1.50 doz.

Snleil d'Or, yellow, $2.00 doz.

Will bloom in a few weeks, in
either Fiber, pebbles and water, or
soil. Fragrant varieties, guaran-
teed to grow.

The most fascinating way is to
grow Narcissi in Fiber, in bowls or
vases of your favorite color, to
harmonize with the scheme of the
room.

Schl ing's Prepared Bulb Fiber, 1
quart. 50c; % peck. $1.25; 1 peck, $2.25
(weat of Mississippi, qt. 65c; ^ pk.
$1.50; pk. $2.60).

26 West 59th St., New York

I Our Bulb Book mailed free on request ps

California
| Dahlias

Introducing the Most

Wonderful Dahlias of

the Age

j AMUN RA |

The Egyptian Sun God

Winner of the Gold
Medal first prize at
the 1921 exposition of
The Dahlia Society of
California

Write for illustrated
catalogue and colored
pictures of AMUN RA

We list all the famous
prize winners and
standard varieties of
the better grade.

JESSIE L. SEAL

607 Third Avenue
San Francisco, Calif.

Improved Suropean Jilberts

The Only Filberts of the Kind Grown
in the United States

For ten years we have specialized in propagating these
plants so that you can grow this Great Nut Delicacy,
Big Meaty Filberts (Hazel Nuts) on your own grounds.
Here is a beautiful shrub which yields such an abundant
supply of large nuts that it not only fills an important
place in ornamental plantings and in nut borders for
walks and drives, but is a success commercially.

Plants bear the second or third year after planting and at
the tenth year yield 20 to 25 pounds per bush.

Thrive in any moderately rich, well-drained soil, with
very little cultivation and succeed over a wide ranj?e of
territory and latitude. Are HARDY and ADAPTED TO
THE MORE NORTHERN STATES.

Another specialty is the

New SverbloomingJ^ugosa J&se

Shown in natural color in our catalog. For mass ami
hedge plantings — (not for the rose garden).

Clusters of beautiful bright red flowers resembling
~f — i — ..,,,.... vi..,, Double with petal

Everblooming Red Rugosa

These are only two of our specialties. Many others
are illustrated in full color in our Free Catalog for
1922. Send for your copy today and find out about
our splendid assortment of Fruit and Ornamental Trees,
Shrubs, Roses, Berry I'lants, etc.

L. W. HALL COMPANY, Inc.

America's Itxclueive Producer ol Improved European
Filberts

472 Cutler Bldg., Rochester, N. Y.

ry Stock of all kinds^

GARDEN &
FLORAL

GUIDE

A WORTH WHILE BOOK WRITE TODAY

For vegetable growers and all lovers of flowers. Lists the old standbys; tells of
many new varieties. Valuable instructions on planting and care. Get the
benefit of the experience of the oldest catalog seed house and largest growers of
n America. For 73 years the leading authority on vegetable, flower
farm seeds, plants, bulbs, and fruits. 12 greenhouses. 500 acres.

Vick Quality Seeds Grow the Best Crops the Earth Produces

This book, the best we have issued, is absolutely free. Send for
your copy today before you forget. A postcard is sufficient.

JAMES VICK'S SONS, 18 Stone St.

" , Rochester, N. Y. The Flower City

TOWNSEND'S TRIPLEX

Floats over the

uneven ground as

a ship rides the

waves

The Greatest Crass-
Culler on earth.

Send for catalog illustrating all types of Townsend Lawn Mowers

S. P. TOWNSEND & CO.

244 Glenwood Ave.
Bloomfield, N. J.

If you are interested
in GARDENS
and GARDENING

You Need

The Gardeners'
Chronicle

The Literary Digest of the

gardening world

This beautifully illustrated
monthly magazine selects from
all gardening publications the
world over the most practical
and helpful information for the
garden lovers in America. It
also contains each month sev-
eral timely articles by leaders
in horticultural thought. Thus
it at once furnishes a digest of
the latest information on the
subject and is authentic and
practical.

It interprets the new tendencies,
points out the new creations of
flower and plant life, talks on
landscape designs and has very
interesting departments bound
to be of immense assistance to
either the beginner or the ad-
vanced garden lover.

Its "Questions and Answers"
department is conducted with
both clearness of advice and
authority. Subscribers are priv-
ileged to submit their garden
problems for help from the
staff of contributors.

SUBSCRIPTION PRICE
$2.00 A YEAR. Send $2.00
now and your subscription will
begin with the January issue.
Canadian Subscription $2.15.

The

Gardeners' Chronicle
of America

(A'cju in its 25th volume)

286 Fifth Avenue New York

Please mention House & Garden

CONTENTS
of a typical issue

"Things and Thoughts of the
Garden."

"The Plant Emigrants.".

"Bulbs for Fall Planting."

"Native Plants for Shaded Spots."

"How to Plant for Year-round En-
joyment."

"The Modern Dahlia."

"How to Make a Lawn."

"Birds in the Garden."

"Work for the Month in the
Garden."

"In the Greenhouse Mcnth to
Month."

"A Lesson on Vegetation Plant
Reproduction."

(One of a series of our home study
courses on gardening.)

"Foreign Exchange."

"Book Reviews."

"Garden Club Notices."

"Here and There."

"Questions and Answers."

House & Garden

FOR USES WHICH INCITE DECAY,
YOU SHOULD SPECIFY, AND INSISTON
"ALL-HEARr'WOOD.ITWILLPAYYOL'.
Buy your Cyprus ty the Cyprus Arrow.

NEW

look for this on every hoard or
bundle offered a: Cypress. It iden-
tifies the TIDE-WATER product,
the true "Wood Eternal."

AND SPECIFY
"ALL-HEART"

The Cypress
" Pergola - Garage"

Why should a garage be homely? This
one isn't. (Is it?)

The man driving out is the owner. He is
well satisfied with the fact that he has
enhanced the beauty of his grounds at the
same time that he has protected his car.

The picture shows how your garage may look if
you will allow us to send you, with our com-
pliments, and with no obligation at all, the

Complete Working Drawings
(on sheet 24 ~a 36 inches)

including full specifications — enough for any
good carpenter to build from. Perhaps you enjoy
such work yourself. If so, you can't go wrong.

It might even be possible to remodel your present
garage on these lines. If you do so, of course you
will know what kind of lumber to buy. "If you
build of Cypress you build but once." You know
"the Wood Eternal" is the champion pergola
lumber — does not tend to shrink, swell or warp
like so many woods — takes paint and stain beau-
tifully, but does not need either, except for looks-
lasts and lasts and lasts and lasts without them.
(See U. S. Govt. Kept., reprinted in full in Vol. 1,
Cypress Pocket Library. Just mention that you'd
like this book, also.)

This Pergola-Garage is A SUPPLEMENT

to the 13th big reprint of VOLUME 28 of that home-lovers'
guide, counselor and impartial friend, the famous Cypress
Pocket Library. It is FREE. Will you write? (Today is best. )

When planning a Pergola, Mansion, Bungalow, pasture-fence or sleeping porch,
remember-" With CYPRESS you BUILD BUT ONCE."

Letour"ALL-ROUNDHELPSDEPARTMENT"helpYOUJfOBE.
Our entire resources are at your service with Reliable Counsel.

SOUTHERN CYPRESS MFRS.' ASSN.

12'0 POYDRAS BUILDING, NEW ORLEANS, LA. or
1210 GRAHAM BUILDING, JACKSONVILLE, FLA.

INSIST ON TRADE-MARKED CYPRESS AT YOUR LOCAL LUMBER DEALER'S.
IF HE HASN'T ENOUGH TO SUPPLY YOU, LET US KNOW IMMEDIATELY.

Scilla Peruviana
comes into bloom
late in the win-
ter. The flowers
are totally differ-
ent from those of
other species of
this plant

The Rarer Bulbs for Winter

(Continued from page 80)

the leaves begin to unfold themselves
the soil is moistened. As development
goes on and growth proceeds more rap-
idly, the supply of water is increased.

During the plant's first week of
growth, care must be taken that the
shaft does not develop too rapidly, and
therefore the flower stalk is covered
with a paper cone which is removed
when the shaft begins its upward
growth. The buds soon make their ap-
pearance and they will open consecu-
tively.

After flowering, the bulb is worthless,
partly developed flowers being produced
if the bulb is planted a second time.
Although Scilla can be forced like the
hyacinth, it is not to be recommended
since the flowering shaft is so tall that
the bulb can be kept upright only with
difficulty.

Crinum is a true inhabitant of the
swamps, but in spite of its aquatic
habit it can be successfully cultivated
in a soil rich in clay which has been
mixed with some humus and sand.
The container for these plants should
not be too small, and it must be pro-
vided with a good foundation of pots-
herds. They are transplanted during
the spring, care being taken that they
are not kept too moist since the roots,
under these conditions, are susceptible
to decay. When the plant has been
thoroughly accustomed to its new en-
vironment and the roots have begun to
grow, more water should be given. It
is advisable to provide it through the
saucer and a weekly supply of liquid
manure should not be forgotten.

Those species whose leaves die back

to the ground should receive less water
during the month of August when they
just begin to turn yellow, the quantity
being gradually decreased until the
leaves have disappeared. Then the pot
with the bulbs is placed in some cool
but frost-free room and kept dry.
When the bulb begins to show signs of
reawakening life, it is transplanted, tak-
ing special care of the roots which should
not be injured in any way, only those
which have died being removed with a
sharp knife. Those species which are
green throughout the year are sparing-
ly watered during the winter months,
but otherwise they receive the same
care as the former. When necessary
they are transplanted, but not too deep-
ly, as this causes rot.

For the luxuriant development of the
South African Clivia- miniata (Iman-
tophyllum miniatum) a quiet place near
the window of the temperate or warm
room is essential. In such a situation
their orange colored flowers will remain
open for a few weeks. This plant is
very ornamental even without its flow-
ers, for its robust foliage is seldom if
tver attacked by insects. It does not
do well in the direct rays of the midday
sun, and when the flowering season is
over, the plant can even be placed in
some shady place. But when the shoots
again make their appearance, Clivia
should be placed near the window where
it will receive more light which is so
•essential for the full development of the
flower shaft. After the flowering per-
iod less water should be provided.

The young species should be trans-
(Continued on page 84)

C rinums are
really swamp
plants, but they
can be grown in-
doors in a rich
clay soil mixed
with some humus
and sand

January, 1922

The Best Mattress is Made
Better by Using a

Quilted Mattress
Protector

It's like sleeping on air to
sleep on a Quilted Protector.
They are made of the finest
materials money can buy.
Quilted in the Excelsior way
that keeps them light, soft
and fluffy even after long use
and washing. Made in all
sizes to fit all beds and cribs.

Because of their many features,
they are especially suited to use
on Baby's Crib. They protect the
child as well as the mattress —
save time and labor.

Endorsed by Physicians and Used
by the Best Families Who Know

See that Trademark Is stitched in cor-
ner of every Protector you purchase.

The Excelsior Quilting Co.

15 Laight St., New York City

PT AN YOUR

r LiArN FUTURE

HOME NOW

SEND FOR
STILLWELL BUILDING

BOOKS WITH
ECONOMY PLANS

of New California Styles,
Suitable for Any Climate.

Famous for
Comfort and Beauty

"Representative Cal. Homes"

50 Houses, 7 to I 0 Rooms $ I

"The New Colonials"

60 Houses, 6 to 10 Rooms $1

"West Coast Bungalows"

50 Houses, 6 & 7 Rooms $1

"Little Bungalows"
75 Houses, 3-4-5 Rooms — $1

SPECIAL OFFER

Send $2.50 for any three of these
books and get Garage Folder
FREE.

Money back if not satisfied

E. W. STILLWELL & CO.

Architects
723 Calif. Bldg., Los Angeles

The "WHITE HOUSE

'.EL DRESSERS
WHITE ENAMELED

Side Unit H f No- 5° Dresser \ f Broom Closet

This Combination occupies a space of 8 ft. 6J^ in.'

Make the working center in your kitchen Sanitary, Attractive and Durable

Install Steel Dressers in place of built-in wooden
cupboards

Manufactured in a Unit System
Catalogue on request

JANES & KIRTLAND

133 West 44th Street New York

Drunvfire
Dishwasher

Washes dishes, glass and silver quickly and perfectly.
Water from hot water faucet both washes dishes and .runs
the machine. It "shoots off the grease!" Washes vegetables
also. The Drumfire is truly a new wonder! Costs only $45.
Plans for a new home should surely include a place for the
Drumfire permanently installed. We believe in it so sincere-
ly that we give a free trial for 10 days in your own kitchen
to responsible persons. Write to our factory direct.

THE DIETZ MANUFACTURING CO.

Dept. C-l, Cincinnati, Ohio

The
Economical

=500=

FIG1

_120

FIG 2

Extravagant
Way

Before you build— Be sure you read

The Most House for the Least Money

By N. Montgomery Woods (Architectural Editor of Pictorial Review)

Refer to the above diagrams and see what useless waste may easily occur
In construction. If 10,000 square feet of ground is to be enclosed one man
may do the job with 400 feet of fence (Fig. 1) — while another may foolishly
consume 1040 feet (Fig. 2). The same principle applies to bouse design.

This Is only one of 16 radical ideas on small house planning, described in
Pictorial Review for 4 years. Thirty-five thousand Builders have pronounced
them the most sensible, artistic and practical house designs yet offered.

These and many new ones, never be-
fore published (over 200 in all) have
been compiled in an attractive cloth
bound volume, now ready.
Send $3.00 for your copy to

N. Montgomery Woods

Camp Ave., ASBURY PARK, N.J.

Colonial
Butterfly
Table

True

Colonial Design

Leavens Colonial Furniture
represents the true furniture
of our ancestors. Distin-
guished by that simplicity of
line that has kept the real
colonial pieces so well loved
throughout generations.

In the Leavens line you will
find no adaptations — no "im-
proved" designs. Nothing
but the better pieces of the
pure colonial patterns.

Personal preference may be
exercised in the matter of
finish. Unfinished pieces
supplied if desired. Write
for Set No. 4 of illustrations.

WILLIAM LEAVENS £PCO. INC

MAMUMCfUMC**

32 CANAL. STREET,

BOSTON, MASS.

HOOSIER

/ tuater Service \

An independent water
supply for the suburb-
an or small town home.

Hoosier Water Service pro-
vides well or cistern water for
use when and where you need
it. The equal of city water ser-
vice at a fraction of the ex-
pense.

Any form of power, electric-
ity, gasoline engine, or wind-
mill may be used. May be in-
stalled in any home without
remodeling.

Tell us depth of your well,
form of power you wish to use,
and number in family, and per-
mit us to submit an estimate on
equipment suitable for your
home.

Bulletin F, describing our
complete line of equipment,
will be sent to anyone upon
request.

FLINT & WALLING MFG. CO.
Dept. D, Kendallville, Indiana

House & Garden

Dr. C. C. Sherwood, Owner
Maumff, Ohio

Langdon If" Hokly,
Architects

The Economy of
Kelsey Health Heat

If we were to tell you how little coal the Kelsey
Warm Air Generator consumed in heating a
house of any given size, you would be inclined to
think we were making extravagant claims.

But if you are interested, we shall be glad to tell
you, not what we claim, but the experience of
people who have used the Kelsey for years.

The Kelsey is unique in its system of circulating
the hot gases on all four sides of its zig'zag tubes,
imparting so much of the heat to the fresh air that
passes through them, that very little heat goes up
the chimney. It goes where it belongs — into the
house. In fact the smoke pipe is so cool that it can
be touched with impunity.

Let us tell you how little it will cost you for fuel
to keep your house cozy, filled with a constant
supply of warm, fresh, humidified air, improving
your health and decreasing your expense account.

I WARM AIR GET7E.RATOR, I

(Trade Mark Registered)
237 James St., Syracuse, N.Y.

New York Office

565-K
5th Ave., (Cor. 46th St.)

Trade Mark

Boston (9) Office

405-K
P.O.Sq.Bldg.

Another bulb sel-
dom found under
cultivation is
H y m e n o -
callis speciosa,
from the West
Indies. Its flow-
ers are white
and fragrant

The Rarer Bulbs for Winter

(Continued from page 82)

planted at least every year. The older
specimens, on the contrary, need be
transplanted only when the roots have
completely filled the container, or when
the flowers become light yellow in color.
In the meantime the top soil of the
flower pot should be replaced annually.
When transplanting, the runners which
are formed yearly and serve to propa-
gate the species, should be removed so
that they contain a few roots, although
new ones will be formed if they are
lacking. These are planted in a flower
pot after the cut surface has been air-
dried. Clivia can also be propagated
through seeds, but since these require
a long time before they are ripe, they
weaken the plant's vitality considerably
if they are allowed to develop in the
normal manner.

Clivia desires a large, roomy pot and
a rich, loose soil. A mixture of good
hotbed soil with leaf mold and loamy
field soil with the addition of sand
fulfils all requirements. During the
plant's period of growth it should al-
ways receive a plentiful supply of water,
and during its flowering period liquid
manure must be provided to maintain
good blossoms.

Ismenes

The species of Ismene are much easier
to cultivate than Clivia, but in spite of
the simple procedure few of them are
found in the hands of the lover of
flowers. The Brazilian white flower-
ing species is Ismene calathina (Hy-
menocallis calathina).

After the flowering period they are
cared for like any other window garden
plant until the leaves begin to die back.
Then the quantity of water required by
them gradually decreases until the
leaves have completely wilted. The
plant is now in its period of rest, and
it is therefore placed, with its pot, in
some cool, frost-free room. During the
month of February, the dormant bulb
is transplanted into a mixture of hot-
bed soil and sand. Then it is taken to
a warm room, the soil slightly moist-
ened, and the water supply gradually
increased with the increase in growth.
All the seed bulbs are removed while
transplanting, since only strong and
vigorous plants will flower. The tiny
seed bulbs must first be developed in
the garden before they can be used.
In the fall they are removed and kept
in a frost-free place during the first
winter.

sH'ymenocallis speciosa from the West
Indies is another bulb which is seldom
found under cultivation. After it has
flowered, it requires a period of rest
for about 12 weeks and during this
time it should only be sparingly sup-

plied with water. The bulb is trans-
planted as soon as new shoots make
their appearance, great care being taken
that the thick, fleshy roots are not in-
jured, and it is placed in a compara-
tively large pot which has been provided
with a good foundation of potsherds.
Here it is so placed that it slightly
protrudes from the soil which consists
of leaf mold and loamy garden soil
mixed with sand. Much water is re-
quired during the vegetative period.
The flower shaft is so large that it must
be supported

Growing Freesias

The flowers of Freesia rejracta read-
ily make their appearance and the deli-
cate apricot-like fragrance which is
exhaled fills the room in which it is
blooming. Five or eight equally strong
bulbs are usually placed in one container
which should not be too large. The
type of soil best adapted for these
plants consists of a rich fertile soil
mixed with leaf mold which is to be
kept uniformly moist. The plant is
then stored in a cool place until the
roots have grown thoroughly through-
out the pot. Later, when the bulbs
begin to show their shoots, they are
placed near the window to develop in
the light.

When the grasslike leaves have fully
developed the flower shaft is formed.
At this stage of the plant's development
it is advisable to give it some liquid
manure. When the flowers have ceased
to bloom the water is gradually de-
creased and when the leaves begin to
die and turn yellow no more water
should be given. The leaf masses are
then cut off and the bulbs with the
pot taken to a cool place where they
will receive but little light. During
July or even later, the plants are again
transplanted so that they will flower
in the winter.

Since it is a very simple matter to
cultivate Freesia in this manner, it is
best to transplant these bulbs at inter-
vals of about two weeks and in this
way securing flowers through the entire
winter. Each bulb should be covered
with 1" of soil.

Propagation by seeds can easily be
carried out. The seeds, when ripe,
either in March or April, are quickly
planted so that flowers can be secured
for the winter. All that is required is
early transplanting of the young seed-
lings to the hotbed. On the other
hand, these plants also propagate them-
selves by seed bulbs which do not -re-
quire any particular attention in order
to secure strong bulbs which will readily
flower.

E. BADE.

yfl^^^MKF

/iouseHjaraen

k 'A

1 V

Tainted for the Steinway Collect ion
bj Charles <S. Chambers

AN APPRECIATION by IGNACE J. PADEREWSKI

"The supreme qualities of the Steinway piano been added, one which once was considered al-

have been for many years universally recognized, most incompatible with the character of tone — an

Musicians and the musical public have long re- easy, light, surprisingly agreeable action. Another

garded it as the standard of perfection. It would thing— I have tested a very large number of

seem from this that the summit had been reached, Steinway Concert Grands, and I have not been

for with the attainment of perfection progress is abk tQ choose Qne of them as the best> because
stopped. And yet, in the case of the Steinway, this , TL. . ,,. . .. «.

law of nature seems to have been defied. I feel a11 are best .... There is something in the his-

obliged to declare, upon revisiting Steinway Hall tory of the Steinway family to bring joy to the heart

after an absence of many years, and I do most em- °f every one who is devoted to his profession. The

phatically declare, that an astonishing progress has Steinway piano is an unmistakable product of love

been achieved. To the former qualities, now mag- of profession, and to it I pay my tribute of high

nified and intensified, an entirely new quality has esteem and admiration."

Sleinway & Sons and their dealers have made it conveniently possible for music lovers to own a Steinway.
Prices: $875 and up, flus freight at faints distant from New York.

STEINWAY & SONS, Steinway Hall, 109 E. 14th Street, New York

STEINWAY

February, 1922

>•"•*[.

<**a

House & Garden

THE MARCH GARDENING GUIDE

PEOPLE say that they know that spring is
coming because the birds fly north, but gar-
deners know it sooner, because the seed
catalogs appear. There may be weeks of snow
after that and sleet and zero weather, which
would discourage the most ambitious bird, but
let a gardener get a new catalog in his hand and
life has begun afresh for him. For this same
reason, House & Garden publishes a March
gardening guide, — a gardening guide that arrives
just about the week in February that the catalogs
arrive. We believe in giving gardeners all the ex-
citement they can stand! And we've made quite
an exciting issue of it this year.

It's been lots of fun these past weeks reveling
in theoretical spring weather. Outdoors, a muggy
December with only a flurry of snow now and
then, as if winter hadn't yet struck his gait. Up
in the country the gardens were all under mulch
and the ground frozen so hard that we couldn't
put in the lily bulbs. Meantime, here we were
living in the spirit of early spring.

Along came a batch of oval gardens — and plop !
they went into the March folder. Then we found
two lovely plantings of narcissus, and a rosarian
delighted us with an article on his hobby. From
Philadelphia, where a Little Garden Contest was

The Garden of Mme. Pav-

lowa, which is one oj many

shown in March

being held, came photographs of the prize-win-
ning gardens, and quite nice ones they are, too.
From another source came designs for a remark-
able fruit garden and from still another an illu-
minating contribution on how long it takes seeds
to come up. All of these were tucked away, to-
gether with lots of other articles and photographs.
Then just before Christmas, when no one wanted
to be bothered with work, a sudden garden urge
came upon us. We took out the March folder
and laid out that issue.

Laying out an issue of a magazine isn't so dif-
ferent from laying out a garden. You have to
have color combinations and study the flowering
of seasonal interest and keep an eye on pest-
iferous competitors that are worse than the most
active cutworms, and move a page here and take
another out there. And the results are about the
same, too. It gives a lot of satisfaction and
affords a hundred thousand subscribers a great
deal of pleasure.

If you are tugging at the leash of winter let
us recommend a glance into the March garden-
ing guide. It will keep you contented until those
days come when you can actually go outdoors
and know by the vanishing snow and rising frost
that spring has arrived at last.

Contents for February, 1922. Volume XLI, No. Two

COVER DESIGN BY ETHEL FRANKLIN BETTS BAIXS

SIMPLICITY IN THE FRENCH MANNER IS

Howell & Thomas, Architects
WANDERING TABLES 19

Emilv Burbank
THE HOUSE OF E. A. CHOATE, RYE, X. Y 22

W. K. Ranesford, Architect

THE INSUBORDINATION OF ROOMS 24

THE GLIMPSE INDOORS 25

Lewis Colt Albro, Architect

IRVIN COBB BUILDS HIMSELF A HOUSE 26

AN AMERICAN WORKER IN THE CRAFTS 28

Giles Edgerton
THE DEVELOPMENT OF A LANDSCAPE PLAN 30

Richard H. Pratt, Jr.
GREEK TERRA COTTA FIGURINES 32

Gardner Teall
INVITING COLOR IN THE HALL 33

Weynter Mills
THE CARE OF FURNITURE . . 34

A LITTLE PORTFOLIO OF GOOD INTERIORS 35

J. C. Demarest & Co., Decorators

WHEN FURNITURE WAS MADE OF PAPIER MACHK 38

IF You ARE GOING TO BUILD 39

Mary Fanton Roberts

IN AN OLD GARDEN OF ITALY 42

Robert Carrcre

FABRICS FOR FURNITURE 44

CLOCKS ADD INTEREST TO THE MODERN INTERIOR 46

OLD GLOBES AND NEW 47

CONCRETE WORK IN THE GARDEN 48

A VARIETY OF TIE BACKS 50

A GROUP OF HOUSES IN CLEVELAND 51

Howell & Thomas, Architects

WHAT LIES BEHIND THE SEED PACKET 54

E. L. D. Seymour

THE VALUE OF THE ANCIENT WOOD 56

Ethel R. Peyser

WHEN FURNISHING THE SUN ROOM 58

THE GARDENER'S CALENDAR 60

$4.00 IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES.

Subscribers are notified that no change of address can
be effected in less than one month.

ISrUII'TION: $3.00 A YEAR IN THK UNITED STATES. COI.II.MKS. UAJVAIIA A.MI .iir,.\ii,n ;

"SINGLE "COPIES 35 CENTS ENTERED AS SECOND CLASS .MATTER AT THE POST OFFICE AT NEW YORK CITY
I'NDER THE ACT OF MARCH 3, 1879. PRINTED IN THE U. S. A.

House & Garden

SIMPLICITY IN THE FRENCH MANNER

Something of the spirit of a French coun-
try house is found in this view of the
Cleveland residence of I. Joseph. The walls
are canvased and painted an old ivory. A
green stripe outlines the wood casings and
chair rail. This same apple green is found
in the curtains, together with a gray ivory

stripe. The floor is of walnut laid in her-
ringbone style. The only paneled part of
the room is that formed by the simple
wood mouldings above and beside the fire-
place, accenting the opening and framing
the bookshelves. Howell fr Thomas, archi-
tects. Frances Heilprin was the decorator

WANDERING

TABLES

Though Fixed Furniture Lends Dignity to a Room, the Small Movable
Pieces Give It a Livable Atmosphere

EMILY BURBANK

IN the creating of beautiful rooms the deco-
rator, whether amateur or professional,
has two classes of furniture to consider:
the permanent pieces and the movable or
"wandering" pieces.

The decorator begins by placing against the
walls or at ends or sides or in the center of his
room those permanent pieces whose role it is to
give to the composition balance
or, if you prefer, a quality of
sustained repose. In this class
are large, heavy tables with
more or less stately proportions,
large chairs, large sofas, desks,
cabinets, pianos, mirrors, side-
boards, bureaus, beds and ward-
robes. Each of these perma-
nent pieces is placed in what the
practised eye considers to be, ac-
cording to a preconceived
scheme, its inevitable position.
It is not moved unless the entire
scheme of the composition is to
be altered; to do so would, to
the artist eye, be like removing
a foundation stone, the balance
would be lost, the effect built up
with careful consideration
would fall to the ground.

But the human quality of a
room is largely due to those
pieces of furniture easily shifted
from place to place to fill the
need of the moment. They lend
movement, they indicate life
and usage. Any room intended
for ordinary use, for the in-
formal life of a family, is not
only inconvenient but unhome-
like and rigid in appearance if
lacking "wandering" tables and
chairs. If one may judge from
ancient frescoes and reliefs
even the early Egyptians and
Greeks realized this fact and
used small tables to support
lamps near larger tables, a
couch or stately chair.

This use of a small table to
hold a lamp is the surest way
of quickly getting an intimate,

informal ntmnsnhprp into a rnnm

which before, by reason of the high wall or
ceiling lights, was formal, perhaps austere and
forbidding in spite of beautiful furnishings.
The wall torch of the ancients and our modern
high lights both suggest times and places de-
manding space for continuous movement.
High lights are especially for halls, reception
and ball rooms — not for the living apartments.

-Bradley & Merrill

Into the making of small tables designers of period furniture put
skill. Consequently such an example as this painted satinwood

Endless are the- roles filled by the wandering
"tables. We were recently examining a collec-
tion of them brought from Italy, France and
England and could not help longing to hear
each charming bit of old mahogany, satinwood,
pear, chestnut or walnut reminisce. For, like
wandering people, they must have played
many a part during the course of their careers,
and could unfold fascinating
tales, if they would!

Of course a table of this type
need not be an antique to have
interest, for a quite modern
movable table may, in the first
month of its existence, record
what sounds very like the out-
line for a temperamental story.
We have in mind one "Wand-
erer," an antique of lovely sable
brown Italian walnut, which
has been caught changing char-
acter many times in twenty-four
hours. It lives in a wee modern
flat with very high society as to
furnishings and each night acts
as bedside table; next day after
breakfast, cosies up to the
poudreuse, holding its owner's
book and cigarettes; again in
serious moments is work-table
and close to desk, holds the tele-
phone. But most thrilling of all
roles, from the table's point of
view, is when lights are made
and curtains drawn, to play
annex to tea-table and hear
gossip in more than one
language! Such wanderers are
the envy of many a "fixture."

In the Victorian age of our
grandmothers small tables were
popular but not seen "at large,"
so-to-speak. They were then, as
a rule, "placed." It was not
quite good form for even the
smallest and lightest of them
to flutter about.

We have it from one of our
stately social queens of the '70s
that the first time she broke her
rigid Victorian line by drawing
awav from the wall a comipttiiVi

their finest:
table finds

House & Garden

For formal occasions one uses the wall
brackets, but for more intimate hours
of music and conversation a lamp and
small table easily carried about are
a boon to the hostess

lacquer table, each day shifting its posi-
tion to fill some need of the moment, her
neighbors set her down as rather outre !

That day is past. Convenience and
comfort are now the slogans when furnish-
ing a home and the odd, empty table for
ash-tray or after-dinner coffee cup, books
close to arm-chair by fire or vase of flow-

A wandering table that serves for bed-
side stand also becomes a work-table
by folding back the top and disclosing
various compartments. It also has a
convenient drawer and a bookshelf

our midst creative experts ready to follow
every whim of the home-maker.

There are no more delightful models in
wandering tables than those of the 17th
and 18th Centuries, realized dreams of
the master cabinet-makers who designed
and made by hand individual pieces for
the aristocracy of England, France and

Close to the "poudreuse" is drawn up a

little French table just big enough for a

book and some cigarettes that may be

wanted between the acts of the toilette

This modern tea table has an antique, painted
composition top, one section of a state dining
table from an old house on the Continent
famous in days of regal entertainment. The
design is rich in colors

ers intended to give the needed note of color
to a drab part of the room, are rarely at rest.
Insistence on comfort has brought to the
fore nests of tables that can be easily stowed
away after tea or a card party. Our skillful
reproducers turn these out with Oriental de-
sign and finish, a style to combine well with
any period. For other tastes there are here in

in this grouping for a salon an Empire

work-table is placed beside a Louis XV

sofa and on top of the table a quaint Di-

rectoire work-box is open for rise

February, 1922

The card table is the most familiar
of wandering tables, but this dainty
cigarette table, the fad of an inveterate
smoker who plays bridge, appears as
a novelty

Italy, manipulating rare woods of many
shades as deftly as a painter does his
colors. There are also the painted tables,
designed by the Adam Brothers and
Sheraton with decorations by such gifted
artists of the brush as Angelica Kauff-
mann, tables lovely beyond words and
treasured by their fortunate possessors.

For an intimate dinner with servants
banished, now, as in the 17th and
18th Centuries, small serving tables are
placed conveniently to right and left
of the hostess

strings, watering-cans and baskets for
flowers, fruit or herbs of their own raising.

Wandering porch tables for magazines,
fruit or perhaps a fern brought in from the
woods, come in dashing or modest colors.

One could talk on endlessly about wan-
dering tables and how they came to be.
(Continued on page 76)

The antique work-box with its own stand

is easily moved under the lamp for a few

stitches, and as easily tucked away after

the sewing mood has tossed

Wandering tables light enough to be drawn up
readily to couch or chair are necessities in the
well-appointed living room. This and the
other illustrations are shown by courtesy of
Grace Wood, of Wood, Edey & Slayter

Garden or loggia tables of stone and marble,
reproductions or the originals brought over
from famous gardens of the old world, fall
into the class of "fixtures" but today these are
supplemented by "wanderers" of the lightest
and most indestructible material, to be carried
hither and yon by our lady gardeners who want
conveniently near them scissors, clippers,

As an annex to one's desk is an old Italian

table that serves for telephone. A tray top

prevents things from rolling off and in the

drawer mav be ket>t th° bonk

House fy Garden

(Above) On the northwest side one can see indications of Tudor in-
fluence in the detail of the house — the oriel window, for example, and
the overhang of the sleeping porch. Although the roof appears compli-
cated, it is really massed for climax, in a steadily mounting series of
hips and ridges

(Below) A view of the service wing shows the kitchen porch, the
two-car garage and chauffeur's quarters joined directly to the house.
The rugged character of the rough masonry and brick is preserved in
the round-arched openings, square-topped windows being used only
beneath the woodwork of the eaves

February, 1922

This sunny corner of the garden
is flanked by a brick pergola and
dominated by the chimney. The
interesting character of the ma-
sonry and the varied and colorful
treatment of the stucco are clearly
suggested here

Slightly projecting buttresses help give the
house its character as of a thing which grows
naturally from the ground. This southeast
•view shows, on the right, the dining room and
hall opening on the sunken garden, and, to the
left, the mullioned bay window of the living

Standing at a corner by the chimney one sees
the water garden — looks across the lily pond
and up the canal with its bridged stepping-
stones, to the jountainhead and pergola. Vines
will eventually cover the square brick pillars
of the pergola and form a shady bower below
the roof

THE HOME OF E. A

CHOATE, RYE, N.Y

W. K. Rainsford, Architect

House & Garde,

THE INSUBORDINATION OF ROOMS

WHAT is it that makes us love some rooms, some very hideous
rooms at that, and equally hate some beautiful ones? If the
answer to this question should be ''natural perversity," the
answer would be wrong. Not for that reason at all do we like and dis-
like such places. Something appeals to us in the atmosphere, in the
spacing of furniture, in the feeling that real habit and character have
grown up in certain four-walled spaces because of the behavior and
occupations of the people who inhabited them. This is also the secret
of our dislike, even more than of our liking; the fact that certain other
rooms have had no chance to reflect the habits and occupations which
result from character, because nothing of especial importance to any-
body has ever gone on in them. An unused room may be finely pro-
portioned, may be beautiful in color, stately in arrangement, and about
as interesting as a drop-scene at the theatre! What is vital in a room
is the life which is, or has been, lived in it. That, and always that,
gives it its greatest interest. Every house should be the proper back-
ground for its inmates.

MANY metropolitan Americans, who live in largish-sized houses,
or as the newspapers gorgeously proclaim it, "reside in elegant
homes," are accused of having contracted the "Second story
habit." It is said, and with some justice, that they leave very few
signs of themselves, as selves, in the rooms to which visitors are ad-
mitted; no favorite books, no easily taken up bit of work, no clew to
their particular kinship with the world. In some library, or boudoir,
or sitting room above are all the symbols of individuality. Apparently
some of us are unable, or we do not think it seemly, to relax and show
our every day characters in the rooms where friends, acquaintances and
strangers come to partake of our hospitality. And this seems strange
to strangers. Not that in other countries there are no rooms, — whole
floors indeed, — set aside for purposes of formal entertainment; suites
such as only our most perfect dreams have ever equalled; rooms of
magnificent ensemble and exquisite detail. But these belong to the great
houses and palaces where grandeur lias been of natural growth and
grandees are at one with it; not to the usual or even the unusual city
homes of democracy, whose atmosphere should be one of simple friend-
liness and warm welcome, — an atmosphere not always attained by the
rich rooms of rich persons whose social habits have still a few gen-
erations to travel for ease.

THANK goodness the Creator of the World was no democrat, but
a mighty despot, making the universe in accordance with His own
wishes, and unbiased by any opinions whatsoever. Had our
earth been the output of a company or the result of a conference of
powers, even of a peace conference, we should doubtless still be in a state
of whirling chaos. As it is, we seem to have brought ourselves to a
mental point where few people trust themselves, or anybody else, in
matters of government, commerce, manners or taste. The great middle-
class-many are so terrified, each of the other's judgment, that they live,
move, and have their being either in concert or in secret. And the two
states have little in common. The old generation of autocrats and aristo-
crats, on the contrary, were not afraid to live their lives before their own
class, or any other, as they pleased to live them. Well, they have passed,
or are passing fast, and we can only be grateful that they knew their
own minds and could impress their quality upon the world while it was
their oyster. Now that it is everybody's old shell-fish (and a fine stew
they are making of it!) one sees a vast difference.

WE of today are apt to be a little self-conscious about the sort
of stage we have had set for ourselves and perhaps somewhat
dwarfed by the scenery. Sweeping Italian draperies, dignified
English mantels, delicate French gilding can completely efface their
modern owners. "I made this", says the lady of the house proudly,
and all the time the haughtiness of the room may be absolutely ex-
tinguishing her. No wonder we feel, like Mrs. Dombey, that we ought
to make an effort. And so a number of us put on our company manners
with our company frocks, — not being sure that our natural ones are
nice enough to go with them, — shut the door on the "living room", and
rustle downstairs to meet our kind on the sterile, if neutral, soil of the
formal plutocratic apartment. Surrounded by affluence on every side,
we are yet stranded in spirit because the affluence has not growp up
with us or become accustomed to us; is not even our natural taste in
affluence, perhaps. We are no more at home among the gorgeous
furniture and hangings, the painted panels, glittering chandeliers and
gleaming mirrors than our guests are. We venture among our pos-
sessions, as they do, for the purposes of conventional sociability only.

WK might have wrested a fair amount of intimacy from them if
we had chosen. We could have forced ourselves upon them;
moved them about till they represented us, instead of the in-
terior decorator; put the most pompous armchair in the corner; drawn
the sofa nearer the fire; used the place, in fact, until our manners and
customs had made some impression upon its aloofness. Instead, we
have allowed it to impress us. The icy tinkle of its chandeliers, the
cold reflections of its haughty mirrors, the abominable correctness of its
period accessories, its perfect ornaments, have frozen our very souls.
Every present made us for the last ten years has shrunk away abashed
or been banished to humbler surroundings. Our family and friendly
photographs have, like Dagon, fallen upon their faces Ijefore it. We
dare not buy anything new for the beautiful monster, without expert
advice, for fear of its disagreeing with it. No wonder that having once
let ourselves Ije thus dominated we creep away like the cowards we
are and draw a breath of relief in the upper stories. But how ridiculous
ft all is! How much more self-respecting we should be either to live
up to our finest belongings, or to insist upon their coming down to our
every day requirements. A man may be no hero to his valet, but he
should at least be master of his own furniture, of the chair he sits in.

ONE might try to trace the attitude back to that old fashioned re-
spect for the "best room," so deeply ingrained in New England an-
cestors, and conjure up homely pictures of its horse-hair furniture.
its marble topped tables, and the fluted or spotted shells upon its mantel
shelf. But in reality the cause is not so justifiable. "Best rooms" of
this description had the utmost character in their stiffness. They were
the outcome of the saving spirit in those who lived a stern and rigorous
life, allowed themselves few luxuries, and took infinite pains to pre-
serve the poor possessions they had. And the rooms represented them
well. They were the growth of their hard, strict taste. No silver-
tongued decorator could have persuaded them to change the "parlor"
into a Louis XVI boudoir. They valued things for their old asso-
ciations and what was good enough for them was good enough for any
one who entered their doors. The "best room" was not with them, any
more than it is with the "Second storeyites" of today, a room of in-
timacy. But at least it was a subordinate room. It did not cost them
the last penny in their pocketbooks and then defy them.

February, 1 922

THE GLIMPSE INDOORS

Let us design our homes as we lay out our
gardens — /or pleasant glimpses; for the shaft
of sunlight in a dark hall, the sweep of the
stairs, the intime view, as here, where one
pushes back the door of a Georgian dining

room and sees a little breakfast porch gay with
Pompeian colors and a black marble floor
inlaid with white. It is in the home of
Benjamin F. Johnston at Rye, N. Y. Lewis
Colt Albro was the architect

House & Garden

IRVIN COBB BUILDS HIMSELF A HOUSE

High on the Crest of a Wooded Rill Overlooking the Wide
Reaches of the Hudson River

VARIOUS magazines of late have pub-
lished articles on reconstructed New
England farm houses. There has
been quite a flair for the abandoned farm with
its green-shuttered white house on formal
Colonial lines, surrounding meadows dotted
with apple orchards that end in a swirling
brook in the hollow. There always is a brook.
New England is a-bubble with them and real
estate agents have capitalized the brook enor-
mously. They never men-
tion the mosquitoes.

Mr. Cobb reads maga-
zines as well as writes for
them. He read many arti-
cles that set forth the joys
of an abandoned farm and
immediately became im-
bued with a desire to own
one and visualized a modest
home among the sunny by-
ways of New England.
Many things came of this
desire — among them a
charming book — but it was
not towards Connecticut
that he finally turned his
footsteps, but to the rolling
Westchester hills that over-

Down in a hollow beside
a pool stands a tiny house
•where Mr. Cobb weaves
those alluring tales of
humor, mystery and
romance

look the wide reaches of the Hudson River.
Here on the top of a rising hill, studded by
age-old elms and overlooking a sweep of forty
miles of rolling land, glades and deep dells,
with the help of his friend and architect, Mr.
Wm. G. Massarene, he built a house of digni-
fied simplicity of line that managed to avoid
the new and shiny appearance characteristic
of so many American country houses today.
Many elements contributed to this effect of

age. For the lower part of the walls stones
were used, taken from ancient fences sur-
rounding the land, which, according to local
gossip, dated back to pre-Revolutionary days.
They were thick with lichens, and of that de-
lightful hue only age can give. For the upper
walls an abandoned brick yard near by had
been ransacked and yielded bricks of a rare
texture and color made possible by long ex-
posure to wind and sun. The roof is" unu-
sually interesting. Field
slates in all colors, sizes
and thicknesses were pro-
cured and laid on irregu-
larly, giving rather the
effect of a thatched roof.
The heavy beams appear-
ing beneath the eaves and
gables were found in this
same brickyard, delight-
fully darkened by fifty
years of Hudson River cli-
mate. It was this clever
blending of old materials,
this usage of stone, brick
and slate found on the
ground that at once placed
the house in tune with the
countryside, an integral

Old stone and brick
colored by wind and sun
give the house the ap-
pearance of having lived.
Wm. G. Massarene was
the architect

February, 1922

In the dining room an arched ceiling tinted
sky blue and decorated plaster walls pre-
serve the Italian spirit. Wall decorations
by Gunn & Borgo

part of the surrounding landscape. An effect
infinitely to be desired.

Quite away from the house, down a wooded
slope and on the banks of a little pool is
another house, a smaller one, considerably
smaller, as it had once been an ice house.
This place has been done over much in the
manner of the main house and is extremely
livable and picturesque, with a flight of old
stone steps and wide, overhanging gables.
Here it is that Mr. Cobb, surrounded by giant
oaks and interrupted only by the cries of
scarlet tanagers or the more melodious song
of the Baltimore oriole, weaves those intriguing
tales of mystery, humor and romance that
have delighted thousands the world over.

The house is delightfully built on different
levels, the right lower wing being entirely
taken up by a large room that is a combina-
tion of drawing room, living room and library,
done much in the Italian manner. Rough cast
plaster walls, a pale blue ceiling, adding enor-
mously to the apparent height of the room, and
decorated plaster beams make an excellent
setting for the antique walnut and gold furni-
ture and great comfortable chairs covered in
:hat warm wine colored velvet one finds in
Venetian palaces. For contrast, we find a
large couch done in black velvet undershot
with gold, and an interesting old needlepoint
:hair. The hangings are rich rose and gold
brocade, and the warm terra cotta hued walls
:atch and hold the sunlight . which filters
hrough thin gold gauze curtains from no less
:han ten windows.

The stone fireplace of ample proportions

gives an air of livableness to the dining

room. It is of gray stone ivhich contrasts

pleasingly with the terra cotta walls

One expects to find books in Irvin Cobb's
house and it is not surprising that one entire
side of the room is lined with built-in book-
cases, the many-toned bindings adding much to
the general effect of an already colorful room.
Few people realize how enormously interesting
books can be in a scheme of decoration. Set
into an arched opening, their variegated bind-
ings take on a decorative quality that is un-
usually effective when contrasted with sur-
rounding walls paneled in some neutral shade.
Often they provide all the color that a room
needs.

Of exceptional interest is the dining room,
which is in the left wing off the main terrace
of the second story. As in the living room,
the Italian spirit is amply carried out in dark
woodwork, rough plaster walls and a sky-blue
arched ceiling with border motifs in water
colors. Interesting cove windows, set high
up in the wall, are hung with a vivid Jaco-
bean chintz, and the old Italian walnut furni-
ture and over-stuffed couch are covered in a
taupe brocade in a Renaissance design.

This room was built around a very beau-
tiful old Italian dower chest of richly carved
and gilded wood, which is in vivid contrast
to the other dark furniture and deep taupe
rug. The front panel of rose brocade shot
with gold is the most insinuating color note
in the room and is the tone best needed to
bring out the beauty of an intricately carved
Venetian mirror hung directly above. It is a
livable room in spite of the high ceiling and
austere aspect of the plastered walls. A bal-
cony running the entire length of one side is
an interesting architectural feature breaking,
as it does, the expanse of wall space.

One end of the living room is lined with

built-in bookcases, the bindings making

vivid color notes against the plaster walls.

Decorations by the Frankl Galleries

House ff Garden

AMERICAN WORKER IN THE CRAFTS

The Colorful Creations of Marie Zimmerman Show a
Wide Range of Materials and Designs

GILES EDGERTON

THAT erratic, capricious co-
quette— color — who flaunts
her beauty to adorn one cen-
tury and hides beneath black cloaks
of fear in another; who pours her
glory over canvas and marble for
one race and time, and vanishes
mysteriously for generations; that
captivating lure to prince and
pauper, to youth and age, has at
last brought her witcheries to bear
upon the art and artistry of this
Puritan land.

Greece with all her beautiful
white art also found value in poly-
chrome ornament, for the Par-
thenon friezes, for her statues, even
for the decoration of costume.
India never built splendidly with-
out color. She, too, had a great
sense of the beauty of white, but
intensified this with delicate
tracery of red, blue, black and gold.
French imagination has never
quite been caught up in the magic
of pure color. Subtlety, strange-
ness, the eccentric in color combina-
tion have held Paris enthralled
always in the art world. For gen-
erations in America we have suf-
fered from Parisian subtlety and
Puritan reticence. We have thought
color obvious and "unrefined."
And this blight has spread over
art, architecture, dress and all
manner of industrial art produc-
tion. More than fifty per cent of
the small homes in America are
furnished in grays, wood-browns,
dull-greens — a whole nation hypno-
tized by the idea that color is not
genteel. Terrible devastating word! But
we are escaping; orange color no longer
startles us like an oath, flaming scarlet
surprises and pleases us in paintings,
decorations and millinery. Fabrics are
woven with gay designs in brilliant green,
blue and red, intensified by black. Rare
and delicate tones are still, of course,

Wrought iron
Zimmerman.

candle and electric light fixtures designed b\ Marie
The electric light is hidden behind the sconce on 'the wall

deemed essential for old period
rooms, and white and mahogany
dominate Colonial interiors. Never-
theless we are pleased with Poiret
glass and Czechoslovak china, with
East Indian embroideries, brilliant
Durant potteries. And even in the
more modern period rooms, differ-
ent types of decoration are brought
together with occasionally a very
spirited note.

In such work as that rare artist-
artisan Marie Zimmerman is doing,
color is an essential part of the
value of her achievement. She is
handling metal, especially iron and
copper, in new ways, often with
simple, spacious flower-like out-
lines, and patines that vary from
the gold of an old Cypress glass to
the deep red of Chinese enamel, the
blue of an F.ast Indian turquoise
and verdigris that shades into sil-
ver and gold.

Miss Zimmerman seldom uses
brass. She feels that it is an un-
responsive medium. "Just as you
do not react to certain people,
flowers or music." And with
copper, bronze, iron, silver and
gold she accomplishes a variety of
beauty in art objects, in rare in-
dustrial art pieces, in the exceed-
ingly lovely accessories of women's
toilet. American walnut she pre-
fers to all other woods and handles
it in a fashion that expresses her
appreciation. She has made some
fine walnut doors with wrought
iron hinges and latches and locks,
some interesting chests carved, in-
laid with color and with elaborate fasten-
ings of white iron. Occasionally if she
comes across pieces of rare old Cuban or
East Indian mahogany, she will work them
into a jewel casket, which, in turn, will rest
on a finely designed wrought iron pedestal.
Her combination of wood and wrought
iron and enamel and semi-precious jewels

A lily-shaped bowl is finished with blue

patine shading into silver and rests on a

wrought iron stand

Table ornaments, designed so as not to obstruct

the view or table conversation, are made of

bronze with sapphire blue patine

This wooden jewel casket is deco/ated with

silver gilt, enamel and semi-precious stones set in

a rich design

February, 1922

is something wholly in-
dividual yet marking a
tendency in the finest of
American industrial art.
Once we are launched in an
appreciation, of the inherent
essential beauty of all
metals, jewels and colors,
we will work out rare and
original conceptions be-
cause we have in this coun-
try no traditions for art or
artistry ; we have no fine old
goldsmiths to help and
hinder us; but we have
marvelous new semi-pre-
cious stones in great varie-
ties, which with a rich
handlingofmetal and stones
and a completely free spirit
in design, should make us
in years to come perhaps
the very best craftsmen the
world has ever seen. Ex-
cept in rare instances we
are far from it now. There
are just a few genuine lov-
ing workers, like Miss
Zimmerman, who are break-
ing paths on stony roads,
but who are making very
clear our stupendous pos-
sibilities for a beautiful,
rich industrial art in
America.

Like most real artists,
Miss Zimmerman is an ex-
cellent organizer. We have
so long had the stupid no-
tion that artists did not and
should not understand business,
that they were incapable of con-
ducting their own affairs, that we
permit ourselves to be astonished
when we find that people with
imagination also have business in-
genuity and ability. As a fact, ex-
ecutive ability and keen business
sense require imagination, just as
creative expression does. And the
finer the artist, the more he has real
contact with the world, the surer
he is in cutting the channels in
which he wishes his art to move.
Not that he prefers buying and
selling or that the traffic of his art
wins his interest, but that he knows
how to organize art and life; and
that both are born of much the
same impulse cannot be questioned.

Miss Zimmerman has trained an
old blacksmith in Pittsburg into a
most capable craftsman and he
has done some of her most beauti-
ful wrought iron work on his old
forge where formerly he shod
horses.

In the same way, up in Maine,

For a loggia was created this
bronze wall fountain on a
slab of stone about which
vines am be trained. The
bowl will be used for flowers

A wrought iron
table of intricate
design bears an
old Italian
marble top. The
candlesticks have
electric lights
under the leaves

Cigarette box
finished with old
Roman patine,
green and gold,
on a simple
wrought iron
stand. Cornelian
dolphin handle

she found a farmer who
was at heart a craftsman
and he helps her now with
the carpentry work for her
furniture and jewel boxes;
in other words she is not
only an organizer but a
teacher. And this again is
a predominating quality
among great artists — the
desire to teach in the finest
sense, inspiring others to
work and enabling them to
know how to accomplish.

Miss Zimmerman is as
great a lover of woods as
she is of metals. She never
stains or paints a wood, but
handles it with loving care,
bringing out all its natural
beauty. Her patines for
metal work are developed
with the affection with
which she carves her woods,
cuts her stones and presses
straight pieces of iron and
copper and bronze into
lace-like fantasies.

Some of her finest furni-
ture is made of wrought
iron, as, for instance, the
table for the home of Mrs.
Glen B. Grosbeck of Cin-
cinnati. It somewhat sug-
gests the wrought iron
tables of Mediaeval Italy,
and its top is made of old
Italian marble. But the
standard, the strong riveted
supports, the beautiful
ornaments of vines and wreaths and
flowers are essentially Miss Zim-
merman's own way of handling
iron, in which you always find
strength and permanence with deli-
cate beauty. On this table are two
wrought-iron candlesticks showing
also a device which is wholly Miss
Zimmerman's. Real candles are
used in the upper part of the
candlestick, but back of a finely
modeled large iron leaf is placed
an electric light which throws a
diffused glow on the wall and out
into the rooms, so that you have the
sense of the delicate flickering
candlelight, and yet the warmer,
fuller lighting of the room from
the electricity.

In another picture which illus-
trates this article a tall, slender
candlestick is shown, exquisitely
designed and modeled for candles
only, but above it is an electric
sconce with the lighting back of a
silk shade. In practically all in-
stances Miss Zimmerman combines
the two kinds of light with satis-
factory effect.

For a client who wanted table
ornaments that in no way inter-
fered with delightful table inter-
course, Miss Zimmerman designed
(Continued on page 78)

House & Garden

THE DEVELOPMENT OF A LANDSCAPE PLAN

// We Imagine Our Grounds as an Extension of the House Plan We Shall Find Many
Parallels of Arrangement Which May Well Be Developed

LET us imagine an average sort of house
set down somewhere near the center of
an average sort of lot. The size and
shape of either cannot make any particular dif-
ference in the setting forth of the following
idea — an idea meant to suggest a practical and
artistic method of making the grounds about
our houses really livable.

In order to focus our minds more clearly
upon the subject, let us think of the house as
being in the state of a floor plan of the first or
living floor, and this placed in its proper loca-
tion upon a miniature reproduction of the lot
at the same scale as the floor plan. Now, con-
trary to the usual procedure, let us consider
the outside walls of the house not so much as
outside walls, but rather as partitions separat-
ing from the rooms within the house another
series of "rooms" without that will surround
the house and extend right up to the boundary
line of the property on every side. In other
words, let us imagine the house plan itself to
be merely the nucleus of a "floor plan" that will
cover the entire lot. On this supplementary

RICHARD H. PRATT, 2d

floor plan that surrounds that of the house
there will be figurative rooms and hallways,
possibly some steps, and doorways and win-
dows. The rooms outside will have their coun-
terpart in those within; the flower garden cor-
responding to the living room, the vegetable
garden to the kitchen, the tennis or croquet
courts to the playroom, the drying yard to the
laundry, the lawn or grove to a quiet library
and the drives and paths to the hallways.

Of course it is considerably more difficult to
lay off such a series of outdoor rooms on a sur-
face as irregular as that of the lot is apt to be
than it is on a perfectly level floor. Besides, in
the interior one does not run into trees and bits
of water here and there, all of which either must
be incorporated in the scheme or removed from
the scene. But all these seeming disadvantages,
cleverly handled, will only heighten the charm
of the outdoor arrangement to a degree of which
the interior could never dream.

First of all in this house out-of-doors there
are the exterior walls to be considered. These
will consist of some sort of enclosure along the

boundary of the property to insure a feeling of
privacy — a feeling, by the way, which so few
grounds and gardens in this country enjoy.
Such an enclosure should be an adequate pro-
tection against the gaze and intrusion of out-
siders. The more complete this protection be-
comes the more completely will our grounds and
gardens — and ourselves as well — lose that qual-
ity of self-consciousness that comes in to damp-
en beauty and pleasure.

The enclosure can be anything from a wall to
a hedge. Whether it is a wall of brick, stone
or stuccoed tile, a fence or lattice stained or
painted, a dense border of shrubbery or a
clipped hedge of hemlock or hornbeam or
privet, will depend upon its appropriateness to
the architecture of the house and the conditions
of the site, as well as to the amount available
for its construction and maintenance. The
same suggestions concerning the outside en-
closure will apply to the partitions between the
interior spaces that form the next consideration.'

With regard to these interior spaces it may
be argued that the grounds should not be cut

OO,O

, - arrangement are secured when the plan

— , 'ered merely as the nucleus of a floor plan

which will cover the entire lot. On this larger conception of design

there should be definite areas which may be said to correspond with

the different parts of the house — figurative rooms, halls, doorwavs,

stairs and windows worked out with plant material

February , 1922

The fioiuer garden, which .corre-
sponds to the living room indoors,
should be immediately accessible
from the living part of the house.
It has definite walls and furniture

up,but that they should remain open and .'
free from any fetters whatever; in other '
words, that they should be left as. Na- "
ture intended them. Well, if they were '
to be left as Nature intended, they would
be of practically no use whatsoever as ,
far as comfort, convenience and pleasure
are concerned; nor would they at all
times meet with our ideas of beauty. On
the other hand, if they were to be so
arranged and so treated that they might
be at once useful and beautiful, they
would achieve a real meaning as the out-
door part of the house.

When the drives and paths from the
street to the house have been compared
to the hallways within it may be seen how
necessary it should be to have them made as
convenient and direct as possible. If we bear
in mind at all times some of the principles of
house planning with which every amateur is
familiar we shall find that we are not only con-
serving space on the grounds but, by careful
and efficient planning, putting a vast amount of
interest and charm into the house out-of-doors.
When the hallways, then, have been devised
and the type of exterior walls decided upon, we
can think about the rooms in the order of their
importance.

The living room, or flower garden, should be
placed so that it is immediately accessible from
the living part of the house. If it can actually
adjoin the real living room it will not only

prove more valuable and enjoyable, but will act
as a setting for the house at the same time. It,
like its counterpart within the house, should be
separated from connecting rooms or hallways
by a partition of some kind: a hedge or a wall
or a lattice. Next to the garden, if there is
room on the place, a small lawn or grove, en-
closed by a more informal barrier possibly, will
make a contrast to the garden and will make a
room of a different character in which to sit.
The service portions of the grounds — the vege-
table garden and the drying yard — should be
located conveniently to the kitchen and laundry
without neglecting the necessity for suitable ex-
posure in each case. These spaces, also, should
be enclosed in order to preserve their distinct
identities and, from a practical standpoint, to

As for doorways — what could be
more inviting than this detailed
side entrance to the garden room
above? Both photographs are of
the developed plan opposite

make each easier to keep in condition.
The location of the playground will
depend upon the amount of space it re-
quires and the size and shape of the
available space. If the game is tennis
there will .naturally be needed a far
greater area than if the game were, say,
croquet, or if only sufficient room for a
child's sandbox were wanted. In al-
most every case, the attempt to include
on a given lot a certain number of spaces
for various forms of use and pleasure
will resemble the putting together of a
rather intricate picture puzzle. It will
not only require skill, but in quite a
number of cases it will require the abil-
ity to part company, with as good grace as pos-
sible, with a cherished tennis court or small-
fruit garden.

A moderate sized place whereon this method
of design has been used is shown in the ac-
companying plan and photographs. Here the
house had been built and was surrounded by an
open lawn on every side. The arrangement,
though simple, was not expressive of the various
uses to which the grounds were put. After the
drive had been located and an enclosure for the
whole property devised, attention was put on the
several spaces that were required for just such
an average sized domestic establishment. A
garden was designed adjoining the living side
of the house and was enclosed within a wall
(Continued on page 72)

House & Garden

The Boetian city of Tanagra was
one of the principal burial places
of these figurines. They wen
found in ancient tombs, groups
such as this, dating from the
Fourth Century B. C. or later

GREEK TERRA GOTTA FIGURINES

These Arc Generally Collected With the Inner Eye For Few Are So
Fortunate As to Possess the Genuine Articles

GARDNER TEALL

FROM times immemorial the pious
and the wise of the world have de-
clared against the sinful luxury of
naking ourselves unhappy over the
:hings we cannot have, of refusing to be
-efreshed or comforted with the sight of
ivondrous objects when their acquisition
s something we know to be quite beyond
aur wildest hopes. Syrus declared that
:he things which belong to others please
as more, and that which is ours, is more
^leasing to others.

Ben Jonson insisted that the soul of
man is infinite in what it covets. Let
as qualify that to declare, that the soul of
the collector of antiques and curios, the
lovely objets d'art of wonder-working
yesterdays, is infinite in what it
appreciates whether or not the things are
in one's own keeping.

I suppose that in all literature there
is not a cold douche for collectors quite
so cold as these words from the quill of
*ood old Bishop Maut of Killaloe and
Kilfennaragh, Down and Corner, who

The Greek terra
cotta mould of
head shown op-
posite

(Above) An Athenian

figurine of a comic

actor from the Fourth

Century B. C.

From Tanagra came

this terra cotta figurine

of the infant Eros

The Canosa Vase is a famous example of Greek sculpture

ornamented with figurines and the Medusa head. The

date is somewhere between the Third and Fourth

Century B. C.

himself was, indeed, an indefatigable
collector of materials to weave into his
famous History of the Church of Ire-
land : "There is not a vice which more
effectually contracts and deadens the
feelings, which more completely makes a
man's affections center in himself, and
excludes all others from partaking in
them, than the desire of accumulating
possessions. When the desire has once
gotten hold of the heart, it shuts out all
other considerations, but such as may
promote its views. In its zeal for the at-
tainment of its end, it is not delicate in
the choice of means. As it closes the heart,
so also it clouds the understanding. It
cannot discern between right and wrong;
it takes evil for good, and good for evil;
it calls darkness light, and light dark-
ness. Beware, then, of the beginning of
... for you know not where it will end."
I first came across this admirable
passage the evening of the very day I
had come home with an original en-
(Continued on page 68)

Forgeries of Tanagra figures are
common. This is an example of re-
cent work

After being cast,
the figure was re-
fined by the art-
ist

Terra cotta figurine of

an Athenian comic actor

contemporaneous with

the others shown

Another figurine of Eros,

dating from the Fourth

Century B. C.

February, 1922

INVITING COLOR IN THE HALL

Five Color Schemes for Halls in Town and Country Houses,
That Suggest a Pleasant Welcome

WEYMER MILLS

THE SQUARE COLONIAL HALL ix A STATELY 18TH
CENTURY AMERICAN HOUSE

Walls: A gray, toned toward mauve

Floor: Hardwood — a darker shade than the woodwork color

Woodwork: Maple or stained a maple color

Staircase: A black and white rag woven carpet

Lighting: Several Colonial brass sconces with two branches for

electric candles. No shades
The Accessories: An 18th Century grandfather's clock

Four Queen Anne chairs in maple wood, fiddle-back, the seat

coverings blue and white gros-point, old or modern. Two placed

on either side of the hall

Between two of the chairs a long narrow trestle table in maple

wood of any 18th Century American design, for visitors' hats

and garments

Over the table a map of the world that has been glazed. Other

early American maps or printed portraits

Between the opposite chairs an iron plant stand holding a large

rubber plant or orange tree

At the end of the hall a marble bust of a Colonial celebrity on

a column — it could be of terra cotta or plaster. Washington or

Franklin is suggested as subject

A HALL \Yrra A LANDSCAPE BACKGROUND FOR THE
COUNTRY HOUSE

Walls: Old landscape paper in tones of gray with vivid blue sky

or one of the numerous reproductions of old paper
Floor: Hard wood or stain. No rugs
Woodwork: A pale yellow
Lighting: Crystal branches mounted in brass or bronze and fitted

for electric candles. No shades

Stairs: A soft blue carpet that blends with the blue sky back-
ground of the paper
The Accessories: A spinet that has been converted into a writing

table

Over the spinet, a large painting of ,a hunting scene, with dashes

of vivid red

Before the spinet a Georgian stool of any wood covered in old

flowered needlework

A set of 18th Century hall chairs. They could be reproductions

of old designs

Triangular stands for potted plants at either side of the doors

add to the charm of a landscape papered hall

Arrangements of old guns, swords or pistols, the brushes of

foxes, the stuffed heads of foxes holding the hunting horn and

old flags add interest if used sparingly

THE MINIATURE HALL \\'ITH MANY MIRRORS ix AX
APART.MEXT

Walls: The small wall space hung with a gray green brocade,
old or modern

Floor: Sapphire blue and white inlaid marble, painted wood or
tiling in imitation of the same. A design of small stars is
effective

Woodwork : A deeper tone of the green

Lighting: One large blue glass star suspended from the ceiling
by a silvered chain

The Accessories: One or two narrow Italian benches, the wood-
work a sea-green Venetian lacquer decorated with a pinkish
design. The covering could be a pale, shell pink velvet
Above a bench a large square Venetian mirror. The frame
silvered instead of gilt

At one side of a bench or between benches a marble column
holding a large white pottery urn of classic shape
On the opposite wall an arrangement of old mirrors in silvered
frames. The mirrors will enhance the beauty of the hall if they
have become slightly dimmed and powdered by time
They should all hang on silver and pink cords
A closet in the hall which receives the visitors' hats and garments
could be painted in imitation of an old Venetian cupboard door,
matching the color and design of the bench

THE NARROW EARLY REPUBLICAN HALL FOR THE LITTLE
CITY HOUSE

Walls : Pale green and white striped wall paper

Floor : Hardwood with one or two hook rugs of a flower design on
a pale color

Woodwork: White paint

Lighting: Old American lamps converted for electricity in iron
wall brackets. Simple pink shades with green band

Stairs: Dull wine color velvet pile carpet

The Accessories: Two Duncan Phyfe or Sheraton mahogany con-
sole tables or copies of the same

One on either side of the hall, or if the hall is very long and
narrow both on the same side

Over one place a gilt mahogany mirror with a painted top; over
two, a print or painting of a ship, or a sporting print important
enough to dominate the hall

At the end of the hall a lyre-shaped hat and cloak and um-
brella stand is a pleasing addition. Such stands following a
bastard Empire model were made in America in large numbers
during the first half of the 19th Century

Two or three old silhouettes on either side of the mirror add
a human interest

A HALL THAT Is HALF SISTER TO A LIVING ROOM AND A LIBRARY

Walls: A deep glowing orange

Floor: A brown velvet pile carpet

Woodwork: Unfinished pine, without stain or varnish

Lighting: Old ships' lanterns for electric lights arranged to please

individual taste
Stairs: The same brown velvet pile carpet can be placed on the

stair. The stair rail bound with brown velvet or brocade would

be ,a pleasing addition
The Accessories: Where possible built-in bookcases of unfinished

pine copied from a simple Georgian design. The shelves should

hold old calf-hound books to add interest to the color scheme

A grandfather's winged chair covered in a flowered orange

velvet

Two stools that match the chair

By the door two large blue and white delft jars. One kept

filled with masses of foliage, the other to be used for umbrellas

and sticks

The wall space might hold an old banjo clock or a gilt barometer

Ship models over the bookcases would be a pleasing touch

A fur rug or two would take away the formality of a large

stretch of carpet

House & Garden

A graceful design of acorns
and oak leaves in brass
leaf, antiqued, makes the
tie-back above. Courtesy
of Agnes Foster Wright

Old-fashioned glass flowers
in pastel shades set in a
ruche of taffeta make al-
luring tie - backs. From
Agnes Foster Wright

Distinction is brought to this dressing table by the mauve taffeta
hangings caught up with bunches of glass flowers in pastel shades.
From Mrs. Gillette Nichols. At the top are quaint green and white
glass tie-backs only 1" in diameter. Curtains and tie-backs from
Agnes Foster Wright

Reproductions of Colonial
glass rosettes 4l/i" in diameter
may be had in crystal, blue,
opal, amethyst or topaz.
Courtesy of MacBride

Above is a cluster of
gaily colored Dresden
china flowers set in a
wooden placque. From
Agnes Foster Wright

In an old French room
hung with a totte de
Jouy in yellow and
mauve, this Empire tie-
back, exquisitely de-
signed and fashioned of
gilded brass is an ac-
cessory of unusual
charm. From Fakes,
Bisbee. Robertson. Inc.

Clear crystal makes the tie-
back above unusually effec-
tive when used with colorful
glazed chintz hangings. Cour-
tesy of Mrs. Gillette Nichols

The painted tie - back
above is exceptionally
decorative with plain
hangings. From Agnes
Foster Wright

A VARIETY of
TIE-BAG KS

February, 1922

A LITTLE PORTFOLIO OF GOOD INTERIORS

Country house decoration, especially the decoration
of remodeled or restored farmhouses, affords an op-
portunity for informal treatments of great charm.
Both antiques and the easily procured reproductions
of cottage furniture find themselves perfectly at home
here. To show how effectively this old-time atmos-
phere can be created, the Little Portfolio this month

is given over to five views of the home of J. C. Dem-
arest at Rockville Center, L. I. The house, which is
about 160 years old, was used as a store in Revolu-
tionary days. This view in the dining room shows a
reproduction of a favorite Colonial design in wall
paper. The curtains are bright green glazed chintz.
The decorations are by J. C. Demarest & Co.

House & Garden

Another view of the dining room shows an interest-
ing use of simple furnishings. The corner cabinet is
painted red and lined with green, the table and side
chairs painted dark green and ths arm chair old blue.
A screen has been made of scenic wall paper. In-
teresting old whale oil lamps stand on the mantel,
•with shades taken from Godey prints, and flank a
lacquered tray of antique design. The Colonial wood-
work, which has been carefully preserved, is painted
a cafe au lait color. This Itarmonizes with the wall
paper, which has a cafe au lait ground on which are
grape dusters and urns in blue and green

In old-fashioned houses it is best to use those simple
colors that were favored in Colonial times— bottle
green, maize yellow, scarlet, cornflower blue and even
magenta. The shades in this bedroom are of a glazed
chintz in these gay colors, and give color interest to
the room. Walls and woodwork are biscuit. The
wrought iron floor lamp has a shade of maize colored
glazed chintz bound in blue green, the chintz being
pleated, which is a smart revival of an old style.
An armchair in old gold has brilliant flower decora-
tions. Dotted Swiss — the perfect material for coun-
try house curtains — has been made up simply

February, 1922

A scenic paper of bridges lends an air of lightness
to the living room. It is a copy of an old design
found in Salem, reproduced in the original colors of
old blue, greens and browns on a, cream ground. The
broad boards of the floor are painted a dark earthv
brown, an excellent color for floors. One small chair
is painted violet and the wing chair finds interest in
a covering of fawn and dull blue brocade. Brass
candlesticks and andirons contribute their glints of
color. Again the curtains are dotted Swiss, this time
edged with blue. The fold-up tray table is a conve-
nient modern bit of furnishing

A pot of paint can go a long way toward enlivening
old furniture; without it the decoration of restored
country houses would be quite difficult. The pieces
in this bedroom were revived by coats of paint; the
bed and the bureau, both quaint in design, are painted
bluish green with flower decorations. The mirror is
dull gold—old mirror frames of delightful designs
are readily procurable—and on each side is an old
green pressed glass candlestick. The diamond pane
casement windows were salvaged from a house about
to be dismantled. The ladder-back chair, a favorite
Colonial style, is painted old yellow

House & Garden

WHEN FURNITURE WAS MADE OF PAPIER MACHE

A Strange Product of the Nineteenth Century, It Is Now Enjoying a Pleasant
Revival Among Collectors of the Curious

PAPIER mache, like many another art,
has suffered from the obloquy and neg-
lect which are one result of an over-
long run of popularity. Its beginnings are
ignored, and the names once famous in a
famous trade are scarcely known today, yet the
development of decorated papier mache was
an interesting and characteristic outcome of
the 19th Century.

The name "papier mache" has been called
incorrect, and "papier colle'', or pasted paper,
suggested as a truer descriptive title. But, as
a matter of fact, the earliest papier mache was
not made from sheets pasted together, but from
pulp, that is to say, paper reduced to a viscous,
clay-like mass, and pressed to shape in dies,
or molds.

The art was first essayed in England in
order to compete with Japanese importations,
and it was used for toys, snuff boxes, and
such small wares. John Baskerville, a cele-
brated maker of japanned goods, introduced it
into Birmingham, and by 1770 we find the
manufacture of "Papier Machie" already es-
tablished. Among Baskerville's apprentices
was a youth named Henry Clay, and he seems
to have been the first to experiment with sheets
of paper pasted together and pressed into a
mold of metal or wood.

This material, he claimed, could be sawed,
turned, planed, and the parts joined and mitred
like wood, and that, after japanning, it could
be brought to the highest pitch of polish by
the human hand. Out of his patent Clay real-
ized a huge fortune, and the papier mache
trade in Birmingham originated from his en-
terprise. Briefly, his process was as follows:
Sheets of soft gray "blotting" paper were

stuck together by paste on to a tray or "core"
of metal or wood in the required shape; this
"core" was well greased with tallow, and the
pasted paper worked into it, and molded to its
shape by hand. It was then baked in a stove for
some hours at a temperature of 100° till per-
fectly dry, and then rasped to remove all
roughness and inequality from the surface.
Sheet after sheet was added — sometimes two at

The fantastic rococo style of the early

19th Century is seen in this pole screen

•with Chinese decorations

a time, sometimes four — and the same proceed-
ings repeated on each successive layer till the
proper thickness was obtained. Next, to make
the material damp proof, it was immersed in
linseed oil and spirits of tar, and dried once
more, in a furnace with not less than 200°.

After this, any trace of roughness that re-
mained was smoothed away with plane and
rasp, and coat after coat of lampblack and tar
varnish applied, till a surface perfectly level
and glossy was achieved. Then after a final
baking of twelve hours it was ready for the
artist, decorator, and varnisher.

No sooner had Clay's patent expired than a
host of other manufacturers took up the trade.
Invention followed invention, new processes,
and new decorations and new uses for the ma-
terial were patented. Some were ingenious and
useful, some were crazy, such as Charles Lewis
Decrest's scheme for making houses and
bridges in papier mache, which he put forward
with all seriousness.

From one of these firms sprang the famous
house of Jennens & Bettridge (1816), origina-
tors and pioneers of the "inlaid" and painted
pieces that collectors are after today.

From the first Jennens & Bettridge realized
the potential value of papier mache, and the
extent and variety of purposes for which it
might be used. Early in the 19th Century it
was employed chiefly for the making of small
odds and ends — the handscreen and the tray,
for although patents for furniture making had
been obtained, little practical use was made of
the idea until Jennens & Bettridge took it up
and made whole suites in papier mache.

Joseph Booth (one of their employees) had
(Continued on page 72)

This large side table, probably produced by Jennens & Bett-
ridge, is slightly^ more chaste and restrained in design than
most papier mache work. This firm and some of its em-
ployees originated the inlaid and painted pieces

The armchair above dates from about 1840. It

is painted with designs of flowers over pearl

and there are gold ornamentations

An example of the later revival of papier

mache work is found in this tip-table, which

dates from about 1876

reuruary, j. y

IF YOU ARE GOING TO BUILD

Remember That the Architecture of the House as Well as Its Hospitality
Is Often Indicated by the Entrance Door

MARY FANTON ROBERTS

WE plan fair and hospitable en-
trances to our houses because we
wish our welcome to begin before
our handclasp and to extend beyond our
portals. Our doors become an invitation.

A door may have a quite simple appear-
ance yet be rich in constructional detail.
Good proportion, craftsmanship, style, ap-
propriateness do not depend upon size. A
door in a cottage may have character and
distinction, and gain it by realizing its
purpose, its intimate relation to the house,
its ability at once to greet the eye pleasantly
and give out a sense of charm and welcome
— what you might call a benevolent door.

What a power to impress the observer
the famous Mediaeval architects manifest-
ed in the design and construction of cathe-
dral entrances and the doorways of great
palaces of England and Europe! In some
of the architectural triumphs of the Con-
tinent the door becomes a part of the de-
sign of the entire faqade, and sometimes
quite a simple door is woven, by a scheme
of rich ornamentation, into the development
and decoration of the whole front of a
building. The Palladian motif accom-
plishes this effect in Colonial architecture.

The entrances to great cathedrals were
built to tempt people to enter them. Re-
ligion itself was made a temptation in those
early days; it held power for mystery and
romance and danger. Religion knew how
to build doorways to entice the spirit
and feed the soul with wonder — great

This severely classic old Annapolis doorway combines
with its pure Greek pediment and elaborated Doric col-
umns an unusual decoration of swags on the doorhead

coved ceilings, with canopied niches for
dimly remembered saints; spacious, with
vast height, and carving round and about,
expressing aspiration and hope, reaching
out from the doorway, up over the walls to
the very hem of the pinnacle ! These door-
ways lure you, encompass you, gather you
thrilled and reverent into the dim prayer-
soaked depths of Religion's stronghold.
The architect is indeed a diplomat who is
able to plan an irresistible entrance,
whether for church, theatre, bank or home.
It is interesting to note that almost every
well-developed type of architecture eventu-
ally specializes on the entrance. In the
days when the great Gothic cathedrals were
being built to express man's hopes and
fears, a type of domestic Gothic also
sprang into existence that developed some
of the most beautiful home entrances ever
designed. The finest of them are still to
be seen at Tours and Amiens and Beauvais.
A wonderful domestic Gothic doorway at
Tours has a finely pointed oval top, pillars
ending in richly carved slender towers;
above, lacily traced trees reaching in deli-
cate spreading branches almost to the roof.
At Beauvais a famous double door is set in
stone pillars running up in true Gothic
form and melting into the carving of the
windows above.

Some of the most beautiful Renaissance
doors were of wood set in carved oak
frames. Examples of these doors in Eng-
land were designed by Sir Christopher

Dignity and style are combined
in this doorway of the 18th Cen-
tury, at Suffolk, England. Point-
ing gives decorative interest

Great distinction is achieved in the richly designed doorway

of the Chase House at Annapolis, Md. The Palladian motif

appears in the combination of windows and door, bringing

spacious beauty to the entrance

This sturdy, well proportioned

entrance of the old courthouse at

Chester, Pa., is typical of the best

18th Century paneled door

House & Garden

An old stone house in Glouces-
ter, England, has this pictur-
esque doorway, with fine Ionic
columns and open pediment

Wrenn late in the 17th Century.
Both the frames and architraves of
the doors are carved oak with a
pointed doorhead carrying leaded
lights. One beautiful Wfenn door in
Kings Bench Walk, London, is set
in a frame of grouped Corinthian
columns. In Yorkshire are seen
some of the best of the 16th Century-
plank oak doors.

The very old towns in Spain, Se-
ville, Zaragosa and Burges, possess
marvellous doors with stone frames
flanked with massive carved
pillars. In many of these
the doorhead is filled with
heraldic designs, sometimes
developed in carved wood,
sometimes in stained glass.

In sharp contrast to these
doors of magnificent design
and structure, are those of
unpainted pine in some of
the old English homes. The
finest of these are in the
earliest Adams' houses, the
only ornamentation being
exquisitely carved delicate
scrolls.

Today doors are far more
individual than ever before
in the history of architec-
ture. Of course if you are
building a Colonial house
you will study the Colonial
type of door. You will
probably turn to your many
catalogs on doors and
find them immensely help-
ful. If your door takes you
into a modern Tudor struc-
ture you may decide to have
a simple entrance, incorpo-
rated in the very scheme of
the fagade, or you may want
a paneled wood door fin-
ished with a pointed hood,
covered with old tiles or
slate, with round oak col-
umns supporting the roof,

The doorway of tawny Cotswold stone in harmony with the
walls oj this 18th Century English house is distinguished for its
fine proportions and the simplicity of its classic ornamentation

The pent house and Germantown hood are merited revivals of a Colonial style. Adap-
ted here to a modern house, the hood is well placed in relation to the windows, pro-
jecting roof line and open porch. The hospitable high-back settles are architecturally
important to the house design. Tooker & Marsh, Architects

An entrance of delicate simplic-
ity with painted framework is
in interesting contrast to the
bug stucco watts

possibly carved. If you like best the
Italian type of architecture, your
doorway will be quite simple, like
the big square windows, drawn back
a little into a concrete recess with a
delicate frame and no ornamenta-
tion. There are probably no door-
ways more delightfully varied and
interesting than those suited to the
half-timber house. You can follow
the precedent established by this
type of house in England, France
or Germany, and doors for half-
timber can be as you
desire, simple, with just a
little hooded porch, peaked
with tile roof, or they can
extend out over the entrance
with elaborate pointed roofs,
richly carved pillars and
fine detail construction.

If you are building just
a plain house, developed
from the floor plans that
suit your need, the house
that is very modern and only
to be found in America, you
will plan, or your architect
will plan for you, quite an
individual door in harmony
with the lines of your house,
but something that expresses
your own idea of a pleasant
hospitable entrance to your
own home.

If for instance Mr.
Lindeberg has planned
your house with rich ar-
rangement of architectural
masses, or if Mr. Forster
has designed a rural struc-
ture, the type that he does
for a Long Island estate, or
if Mr. Baum has built you
a "cottage" that has the
beauty of detail that would
suit a picturesque lane in
Kent, or if Aymar Embury
II has developed a bunga-
low for you that brings

February, 1922

you a glimpse of India, but with every
known modern comfort, you will have
an entrance door that will be unusual,
creative, delightfully adapted to the
building material, expressing your own
ideas, a new type of doorway that spells
America.

For a new and interesting domestic
architecture is being developed today
in this country, which in spite of its
relation to Italy, Spain, Greece or India,
is American, suited to our way of
living, our climate and social condi-
tions. The best of our younger archi-
tects are thinking clearly and freely
about the kind of home that modern
Americans like to live in. They are
designing these homes with every in-

terior detail suited to our present day
ideals of living. Domestic architecture
has always expressed a social ideal, and
for this reason we are gaining today
types of homes that express a practical
and somewhat material civilization.

Very special study is given in this
architecture to make the details, roofs,
windows, doors, etc., as convenient and
pleasant as possible. If you go about
over the country, Long Island, Connec-
ticut, New York, Washington, Califor-
nia, you find an ever-increasing num-
ber of charmingly individual homes,
with more or less personal, pleasant
doorways. The door to the Towle
house, designed by Edson Gage, finely
(Continued on page 62)

A sympathetic adaptation of a romantic Italian door-
way for a modern house is of plaster, moulded into
decorative effects. The half circle light and the wide
moulding above make a dignified finish for the design

An unusual doorway designed by Donn
Barber suggests Greek inspiration, with
its Doric pilasters and pointed hood.
A frame of plaster has inserts of brick

A modern Colonial
house designed by
Dwight J. Baum at
Fieldston shows an en-
trance simple, but so
well proportioned that
it dominates the fac.adz

Definite Tudor inspira-
tion is found in this en-
trance group of door
and window in the
house of A. K. Wain-
pole, at Baltimore. M.
B. Schmidt, architect

The doorway to this house, built in
1690, depends for its distinction upon
the hood. It is painted dark brown, the
plaster cove white and the wall stucco

House & Garden

Morgan Hei3kell

Much of the rare beauty of this garden is due to the
work of Jacapo Salviati, who, in 1510, having mar-
ried Lucrezia di Medici, daughter of Lorenzo the
Magnificent, set about to make a garden of what
were originally battle-scarred fields

(Below) The stone pine is rare in Tuscany. _ When
one is so fortunate as to possess a fine specimen, it
is given a place of prominence in the garden layout.
Here it stands on an edge of the terrace which looks
across the valley toward Fiesole

The platform
around the castle,
once an area kept
unobstructed for de-
fensiv e purposes,
was transformed
into a terrace, with
flower- bordered
paths, clipped trees
and statuary

At the head of a
long avenue of cy-
press trees stands
the villa, with ivy
clinging around the
entrance door and
covering the many
scars accumulated
through centuries
of strife

February, 1922

Coming out of the Hex forest from the en-
trance gate, the first glimpse of the Villa Sal-
viati transports one back into the dim ages
of mediaeval pageantry, before the dawn of
the Renaissance

AN OLD GARDEN
OF ITALY

The Villa Salviati,
Near Florence

NO records remain about either the
building or the builder of Castle Sal-
viati, although it is one of the finest and
most widely known villas about Florence. The
history of the family who reared this monu-
ment to their power and magnificence, on the
other hand, may be found in all the records of
Florentine history. The principal portion of
the building rises in the form of a massive
square tower, crenelated and with buttress-like
walls sloping out upon the terrace; the re-
mainder rises around a courtyard with graceful
Renaissance arches supported on Corinthian
columns of gray Fiesole stone, broadening out
at each corner, whence the Salviati watched for
the sign of approaching danger in a time when
Florence and its countryside were torn with

civil strife.

In 1510 Jacapo Salviati, after marrying
Lucrezia di Medici, daughter of the illustrious
Lorenzo the Magnificent, laid out the terraced
gardens with great taste, and it is to him that
we owe the delightful prospect of the villa of
today. The broad platform that in former days
surrounded the villa as one of its defenses, in-
asmuch as no enemy could cross it without
being fatally exposed to the view of the de-
fenders within, has been transformed into a
plaisance with flower-bordered walks, charm-
ing statuary and ivy laden balustrades. On
the north side of the terrace, that lies at the
foot of the tower, one looks across the valley
at nearby Fiesole with its monastery crowned
summit. To the south of the villa and on the
same level is the principal garden laid out in a
formal manner with brilliant beds of flowers,
lemon and orange trees set out in great earthen
vases and all the other features of the formal
(Continued on page 62)

The villa rises
around a court-
yard of great beau-
ty. Here are grace-
ful Renaissance
arches supported on
Corinthian col-
umns of gray Fie-
sole stone and en-
riched with a paint-
ed frieze. Doors
lead to the garden

Looking across the
sunken garden one
sees a remarkable
ancient ilex tree,
trimmed and trained
so closely, for four
hundred years, that
no glimpse of the
sky can be seen
through its branches.
Its dominance of
the scene is complete

House ff Garden

FABRICS

FOR

FURNITURE

Beauty of Weave and Variety of Design Are Characteristics Which
Distinguish the New Upholstery Materials

MARGARET McELROY

IX choosing fabrics for
furniture the first
thing to consider is the
type of chair or sofa to be
covered and the amount of
usage it will receive. Colors
can come afterwards. So if
you have a sturdy Jacobean
or early Italian chair seek
out some material in weave
and design that conforms
with the period of the piece,
one that is equally sturdy
in pattern and do not choose
a delicate flowered brocade,
lovely in itself, but totally
out of key with the spirit of
the chair. In the same man-
ner, let an 18th Century
flowered or striped silk be
put only on a little chair or
settee of equally graceful,
delicate proportions.

Fabrics have never been

Imitation crewel em-
broidery in colored
wools on linen for the
chair seat and back

Quite in the spirit o]
this white and gold
Italian bed is the
bedspread of
ft o w e r e d brocade
over plain toned
taffeta

(Left) This type of
chair demands tap-
estry. The covering
here is a reproduction
of an Aubusson de-
sign characteristic of
the 17th Centurv

A moire with satin stripe makes
a charming covering for a bed-
room chair

(Left) An attractive
wool tapestry has a
dark ground with
flowers in soft tones

(Right) Imitation
Italian 16th Century
velvet has a raised de-
sign on mulberry or
old blue

so beautiful in design and
color as they are today and
among the many new
weaves, and reproductions
of the old, patterns can be
found to suit practically
any type of furniture.

There are the taffetas and
satins, the cotton, wool, mo-
hair and silk damasks, some
woven with an extra heavy
linen thread to make the fig-
ure stand out, that are so ef-
fective in rather formal
rooms; while among the in-
novations, there is a mohair
with the loops cut and uncut
in a pattern of little squares,
each square accented by a
small French knot. This
fabric is made from the
fleece of the Angora goat
and is extremely durable
and effective on furniture.

Reproduction of old
needlepoint on wool
back satin makes an at-
tractive occasional chair

Heavy antique satin in a Roman

stripe is unusually effective on

the chair shown above

eb r u ar y , 1922

The fabric at the top is arti-
ficial silk, extremely durable
and effective. Below is a strik-
ing satin with Egyptian figures
in gold

At the top is a striped satin
brocade in a Directoire design.
The fabric underneath is linen
and might be used to cover a
chaise longue

Heavy striped taffeta sprinkled
with bunches of gay little apples
covers the Louis XV chair above.
This fabric comes in a variety
of color combinations

ie Louis 16th
ttee at the top

the page is
ivered in a
avy brocatelle.
•om Ruby Ross

Goodnow

Crewel work on linen makes ex-
cellent covering for an occasional
chair as the soft colors of the wool
embroidery tone in with the rest
of the scheme

Extremely effective for a
hall or sun room is the
black and orange Pom-
peian damask above. Be-
neath is an interesting cut
and uncut mohair, tobacco
colored, accented with
French knots in gold

Grospoint makes
an excellent cov-
ering for the seat
of the fine old
C hip pendale
chair in the
center

Antiqued satin is a reproduction of an old weave. It is made from the silk of the

wild silk worm, which is coarser and more uneven than the cultivated worm silk.

With this are woven linen threads, making the fabric slightly rough and uneven,

giving it a mellow appearance of age

(Above) An alluring
striped moire for a bed-
room comes in jade and
orchid. Below is an inter-
esting soft velour printed
in an old herringbone de-
sign in green, blue and
mulberry on a buff ground

House & Garden

An eight-day dock ad-
apted to a Colonial in-
terior is of mahogany
with a colored print
showing an old New
England village. 24"
high, 12" wide. Strikes
every thirty minutes.
Priced at S27.30

This hand painted
clock in lacquer finish
is decorated in bright
colors of red, yellow
and green. 14" high,
9" wide. Eight - day
movement, striking ev-
ery thirty minutes.
Priced at $50

In the sketch above is shown a boat clock used in

an old secretary. It strikes eight bells as they are

rung on board ship and comes in either nickel or

brass with a silvered dial. SI 5.75. Width 7"

(Right) An electric clock
guaranteed to run a year
without winding is 5" high
and comes in ivory, ebony,
mahogany, brow-i or poly-
chrome. $35

(Below) A ship's
clock that rings
eight bells has a sil-
vered dial and may
be had in either
brass or nickel.
I0y2" high, one-day
movement. SIS. 75

(Left) A reproduction of a Willard banjo clock

with an eight-day movement has a mahogany

case, gilded metal side ornaments and decorated

glass panels. It is 17->4" high. $12.60

(Left) A traveling clock
in black or red leather is
3" high with a one-day
movement and intermit-
tent alarm. It may be
purchased for $6

A miniature Gothic
clock only 8^2"
h'igh is of mahogany
with a reproduction
of an old print of
the first savings
bank. Eight - day
movement. $11.03

CLOCKS ADD INTEREST
TO THE MODERN INTERIOR

And thev may be purchased through the

House £f Garden Shopping Service, 19

West 44th Street, New York City. All

prices quoted include the 5% tax

February, 1922

OLD

and
NEW GLOBES

Harting

Little did the cartographers of old Spain
and Holland realize the decorative possi-
bilities of their colorful spheres covered
with quaint charts and symbolic markings,
one of which is sketched above. The
photograph shows a modern globe in a
fireplace group

Besides the celestial and terrestrial globes,
we find the orrery, an astronomical ma-
chine made to represent the motions oj the
planets. Usuatty of ebony, it becomes
highly decorative if placed on a painted
commode between two colorful flower
paintings

If one does not possess a globe dating back
to at least the nth Century, it is possible to
have a modern reproduction that is almost
as effective. Above is one that combines
successfully with an old lacquer secretary
and Queen Anne chair. Shown by courtesy
oj P. Jackson Higgs

In the room below a pair of globes has been
used with striking effect. On an old black
piano and silhouetted against cream white
wails, these spheres of delicate color com-
bine with the portrait and quaint needle-
point bell pulls in creating a group oj old-
world charm

House & Garden

Simplicity suggestive of a well designed sundial marks the bird
bath in the center of the sunken garden. Converging flagged paths

carry an impression of vistas and pleasant distance and at the same
time naturally lead the eye to the central point of interest

CONCRETE WORK IN THE GARDEN

Permanence and Charm Are Both Attained by the Proper Use of Concrete for Pergola
Pillars, Bird Baths and Other Architectural Features

THE idea of using concrete in a gar-
den may at first sight appear un-
suitable. This material is usually
associated with civil engineering and the
construction of bridges, banks, etc.; cer-
tainly not with a surface to which flowers
are likely to cling. A glance at the photo-
graphs on these pages will suggest an en-
tirely different use for concrete, and one
that will appeal to the architect or land-
scape gardener rather than to the engineer.

The problem which led to its adoption
in constructing the pergola and bird bath
shown here is one shared by many people
who are designing new gardens or re-ar-
ranging old ones, particularly so, perhaps,
when they surround a new house or wing.
The plans for these gardens may be most
satisfying in theory, but a review of the
actual site is apt to be extremely disheart-
ening. No matter how excellent the final
achievement of the builder may be, the
surrounding ground is invariably strewn
with unsightly debris. When, however,
it is realized that this unsightliness may
be converted into the beauty of pergola
pillars, the situation becomes more hopeful.

Where concrete surfaces of considerable
area are contemplated, it is usually well
to plan some sort of planting to act as a
foil for the flat tones of the artificial work.
One of the most satisfactory things for this
purpose is the common Boston ivy
(Ampelopsis Veitchii), whose tiny, cup-
shaped stem roots will cling firmly to the
rough surface. Although not actually an

A well designed bird bath will provide refresh-
ment for the birds and interest for the garden
lover. To achieve the greatest attraction for
birds the water should be shallow around the
margin, deepening to two inches or so at the
center of the basin

evergreen like the less hardy English ivy,
ampelopsis holds its leaves through the
greater part of the year, and even during
the middle of winter the delicate tracery of
its stems is pleasantly effective. In the
course of time the natural growth of the
vine becomes so dense as to hide the con-
crete completely. Should this be undesir-
able, judicious pruning will remedy the
situation and keep the plant within
bounds.

Concrete lends itself admirably to
garden seats and benches, where its per-
manence and strength as well as its ap-
pearance of clean simplicity count heavily
in its favor. The form of these artificial
stone rest spots depends largely upon how
much labor and expense one cares to incur
in preparing the moulds. As a rule, or-
nateness should be carefully avoided- — it is
utterly out of keeping with the character
of the material. Flat, rectangular seat
surfaces without arms or backs, supported
on broad, solid legs, whose outlines are
simply curved, look well. It is often more
satisfactory to purchase benches from
some firm which manufactures them than
to bother with the details of mould making
and casting.

The illustrations show part of the re-
modelling of an already existing garden,
in order to enlarge which it became neces-
sary to move a wooden boundary fence. It
was at this stage that the use of concrete
was first suggested to the designer. The
oak posts of the fence, having rotted at the

February, 1922

base, were replaced by concrete instead of new
wooden posts. The success of this innovation
suggested the application of concrete to the.
pergola which had been built about eight
years previously with larch poles. These had
rotted in the same way as the fencing posts.

Before beginning operations the roses were
taken down, and tied for the time being to tem-
porary supports. The dwarf brick walls and
piers were built with bricks, obtained locally,
set in cement mortar with the roughish joints
which -are seen in the photograph. There is,
however, no actual reason why the walls should
not have been made of concrete, which would
have had the advantage of reduced cost.

In order to make the pillars, moulds were
made from old floor boards, so arranged that
by knocking out eight wedges the mould could
be taken to pieces.

In this particular case the concrete used
was composed of four parts of small stones
or gravel to one part of Portland cement.
Efficient substitutes for this mixture could
be made from a variety of materials. Broken
stones, tiles, bricks, or clinker may all be used.
A judicious choice of materials makes it also
possible to vary the surface of the concrete in
a legitimate way. It is needless to point out
that artificial and formal rock facing are to be
avoided.

The bird bath in the center of the sunken
garden is also of concrete. In this case the
medium proved by no means economical, be-
cause the mould, which took twenty-nine hours
to construct, was only used once.

The moulded curving of the circle was
formed with the aid of a metal mould. This
was attached to a metal rod, the length of
which was equal to the radius of the circle.
The rod was pivoted at the center of the
circle and rotated, the metal mould thus giving
their final shape to the sand and cement.
Dark oak was used for the beams of the per-
gola and for the garden gate.

Concrete pillars set on brick or concrete
bases are far more permanent than
pergola supports of wood. If they are
octagonal, as here, the play of light and
shadow upon them will gain in effective-
ness. The pillars are cast in sections
which are set one upon another to build
up the required height

Crowing vines are a distinct asset to
concrete work, softening as they do the
austerity of the surface. Climbing roses
such as Dorothy Perkins or Dr. W. Van
Fleet can well be used for pergolas,
planting one at the base of each pillar
and training it to cover the top. To
cling to the concrete itself, ampelopsis is
excellent

House & Garden

THE

CARE

O F

FURNITURE

How to Keep New Pieces Looking New and Antiques
Mellow and Well Preserved in Their Old Age

INJUDICIOUS cleaning is a foe almost
as deadly to fine furniture as neglect,
some would say deadlier, for deeds have
been done in the sacred name of cleanliness
that, to the lover of beautiful things, are little
short of murderous. Pumice stone, to remove
the patina from an old cabinet; marbles and
ivories scoured to a chalky white; inlaid
tables washed with a strong soap solution; old
brass lacquered, and tapestry chemically
cleaned, these and their like are as destructive
as the unchecked hand of Time.

Up to a point, time is necessary to bring
good furniture to its fullest perfection and
beauty, and pieces, originally coarse and crude,
gain in value and charm as the centuries pass.
All the clever imitations in the world cannot
quite reproduce the translucent softness and
the mellow gold of 18th Century satinwood,
nor give to oak that cobwebby gray tinge which
only time imparts. Caroleun tapestry and
Victorian woolwork alike are mellowed by the
years, and every one knows how disastrous to
an old frame is re-gilding, and how often an
old picture is spoiled by restoration. In short,
the care of furniture might l>e summed up as
keeping new things new, and preserving the
material condition of the old, and the enrich-
ment of that surface quality which is the
tangible effect of time.

To this end polish of some kind is essential
as it helps to preserve as well as to beautify
the wood, but it should lie borne in mind that
the different woods need different treatment,
and that what is right for solid oak and
mahogany, is unsuitable for fine inlaid and
veneered pieces.

WALNUT is a wood that takes a high
and brilliant polish. It benefits by
rubbing, and the more it is rubbed the
better it looks; walnut that is dull has lost half
its beauty. It has a fine close grain, and for
polishing walnut, satinwood, rosewood, and
similar woods a good polish should be used.
This is only intended to give a light surface
polish, and not to penetrate the wood; there-
fore it must be used sparingly, and not on the
principle that if a little is good, more is better.
A little polish and a light hand will soon give
a hard mirror-like sheen, but if too much is
applied it simply lies on the surface and results
in streakiness. A very occasional application
of olive oil is good for inlaid woods; it pre-
vents that dangerous dryness which often
causes inlay and veneer to begin to chip and
crack. The oil should be rubbed in with
warmed linen rags and after an hour or so
wiped off with clean cloths, and the piece re-
polished. Oil is a kind of polish in itself, but
it needs a good deal of labor to obtain a fine
surface, and is, therefore, not convenient for
that purpose though of great value to the wood.
For oak, with its coarse, open grain, wax
preparations should be used. It is a mistake
to let oak furniture grow dull once it has been

worked up into good condition; a little atten-
tion every da)' is easier in the long run. Oak
dining tables, when no cloth is used, need con-
siderable care, and here over-waxing is the
commonest fault. A table that has been over-
waxed simply collects dust, and this is rubbed
in day after day until the surface of the table
becomes quite dulled. When this happens the
desperate remedy of washing must be resorted
to.

People are far too ready to wash their furn-
iture, and sometimes the damage done out-
weighs the benefit. Soda, for example, does
remove wax and grease, but it should never be
used for washing any old furniture but deal.
The proper way to wash furniture is to do it
bit by bit, drying as you go along, and using
only castile soap and warm water. A chamois
is often advocated, but plenty of clean linen
cloths answer the purpose better. If the wash-
ing is carried out on these lines the furniture
will not come to any harm, and it will be
thoroughly cleansed. Then, when all damp-
ness has evaporated, apply fresh wax, and give
a final polish with clean cloths.

Too much stress cannot be laid on the dam-
age that is done day by day with dusters that
are dusty, and polishing rags that are saturated
with dirt and cream. Sometimes, incredible
as it may seem, the wax is even put on a half-
washed surface.

The question of polishing is debatable
ground. It is often adopted for a dining table
to ensure the appearance of a perfectly polished
surface without trouble; from this standpoint,
a high varnish polish has something to be said
for it. On the other hand, there is a depth
and an indescribable quality about an old
hand-polished surface that is lacking in the
other, with its mechanical perfection and mir-
ror-like reflections. It should be remembered
that the varnish polisher's touch is final, and,
once done, his work can never be undone, and
when the surface of the piece polished has
become scratched and stained, there is nothing
for it but to have it French polished all over
again.

WITH antique furniture a sharp look-
out must be kept for signs of decay,
and with new pieces for deterioration.
Chips of veneer or scraps of beading should be
repaired at once, loose chair-rails and stretchers
immediately put right, and, above all, watch
should be kept for the active and industrious
woodworm. When a little dry dust emerges
from a hole it is a sign that some one is at
home and busy, and he must at once be put
out of action or the piece is sooner or later
doomed to destruction. Empty holes of bygone
sappers may be stopped up with wax. Walnut
and oak, especially the carved pieces, are sub-
ject to woodworm. There are various specifics
which can be had from most dealers, and these
should be used according to the direction; but
undoubtedly a complete cure — short of fu-

migating— has still to be discovered. Benzine
will do a good, deal to keep woodworms at bay,
but when stopped in one quarter they are apt
to appear in another, so vigilance is necessary.

Old brass must either be hand polished or
allowed to tarnish when the difficulty of polish-
ing is too great to be undertaken. At the same
time badly tarnished handles spoil the ap-
pearance of many fine chests of drawers and
cabinets. A cut lemon, used like a sponge,
removes all discolorations from brass, but, of
course, it does not polish; this must be done in
the usual way, and then, with an occasional
rubbing, the handles ought to remain bright.
If there is any risk of the lemon juice staining
the wood the handles should be taken off to be
cleaned.

Ormolu may be carefully washed with castile
soap and a fine little brush not more than once
a year, otherwise no treatment beyond dusting
is recommended. Ormolu polished with any
of the ordinary brass preparations, will be
ruined.

MARBLE acquires in time a peculiar
gloss and sleekness and a yellowish
tinge that should be preserved ; as a rule
careful brushing and dusting with a piece of
old silk should be sufficient. Nevertheless,
from one cause and another, some marble, espe-
cially chimney-pieces, becomes so dirty and
discolored that a thorough cleaning is inevit-
able. When this has happened the following
receipt will do the work without damage. To
half a pound of washing soda, dissolved and
boiled, add a large piece of whitening, mix
into a thin paste, apply to the marble, and
leave it on for two days, and then wash off
with a weak solution of alcohol.

Mirrors are not among the easiest things to
keep beautiful; they tarnish very soon, especi-
ally in town, and although, as a general rule,
damp should be kept from their surface, wet
cleaning must be resorted to when all else
fails. Here whitening is the agent, mixed
with very little water, laid on the glass, and
allowed to dry, then wiped off, and the surface
polished with a leather.

Gilded furniture should not be treated in
any way. A soft duster alone is needed; a
little tarnish does not detract, but adds rather
to its charm. Re-gilding is a very questionable
process, and is never really satisfactory; there
is quality about old gilding that is not easily
matched. Furniture of this kind suffers more
from rough handling than the more robust
pieces; it is easily bruised and chipped, and
needs very tender usage. Lacquer can be treat-
ed exactly in the manner described for the finer
grained woods, that is to say, lightly polished
with a trace of furniture cream. This ought
not to injure any gilding that there may be,
but care should be exercised, and if there is
the faintest sign of gilt on the cloth let it be a
warning not to touch again with polish.
(Continued on page 74)

February. 1922

The residence of Will-
iam Halle is a bal-
anced design in white
shingles. The central
portion on the first
floor contains the liv-
ing and dining rooms
with chambers above.
Service rooms are in
the right wing and
a large living room
porch with vaulted
ceiling and stone
flagged floor in the
left

THREE

HOUSES AT

CLEVELAND,

OHIO

HOWELL & THOMAS

Architects

(Left) Entrance to the
Halle residence is found
through a court creat-
ed by an extension of
the wings, an intimate
little garden with paved
walks and filled with
beds of old-fashioned
flowers. The left wing
shown here extends
from the service por-
tion and houses the
garage

House & Garden

The architectural value of the painted brick wall is excellently shown
in this view of the service entrance to the home of Julius Feiss. The
house was built in 1917 and three years after had the quality of a
house that had been built fifty years, as the rain washed off bits of
the paint here and there, allowing the color of the brick to show
through faintly. These walls are of painted common brick, an item
in economy that prospective builders might well consider when
planning wall surfaces of unusual merit. A trimmed peach tree and
vines jurther enrich these plain watts

The garden front of the home of I. Joseph has a
pleasant arrangement of windows. The bays are
an extension of the dining and living rooms. Sim-
ple in outline, they are given a touch of color by
the wrought iron balconies. Decorative panels
pronounce the three loggia windows. Stone paved
walks create corners for flower beds in front of the
bay windows. This front faces the links of a
country club. The house is of hollow tile plas-
tered, and has a roof of variegated slate, which
gives a pleasant blending of color tones

February , 1922

The living side of the home of Julius Feiss has a dignity of scale and
design that any owner might be proud of. Details are simple and
direct. The cornice is adequate, without any affectation of overhang.
Balanced windows assure this facade its dignity. The portico let into
the house itself and marked by classical columns is a beautiful detail.
So also are the French doors with arched tops that give entrance to
this portico. The wrought iron balconies and the heavy down pipes
are both decorative adjuncts. Blinds painted blue green afford relief
to the white painted brick walls

In some of our early American houses built on
the classic style there is a force and impression of
strength given in the simplest way by the handling
of columns and the building of entrance porticos.
That same force is found in this portico on the en-
trance front of the Julius Feiss house. The texture
of white paint over common brick can be easily
seen in this view. One can also note that the
architects have set the window frames wett back
into the wall, giving opportunity for the creation
of pleasant shadows

House & Garden

WHAT LIES BEHIND THE SEED PAG KET

Some Significant and Surprising Facts of Seed Production About Which
the Seedsman's Catalog Says Nothing

HERE comes the new crop of seed cata-
logs! The first of them, no doubt, are
already in hand — as welcome, as allur-
ing, as inspiring of hope and determined effort
as ever. Yet how many of us, I wonder, have
any definite conception of the facts that lie
behind the pages of those catalogs and beyond
the counters and bins of the seed stores we
deal with? Such facts as: how many seeds
are grown and planted in a year; where and
by whom they are raised; and how they are
handled in reaching, ultimately, their respec-
tive packets and envelopes? Very few, prob-
ably, and it is really too bad, for we could
get a lot more out of our study of the catalogs
—not to mention our gardens — if we were able
to appreciate more fully what the seed busi-
ness is and what it does outside of its applica-
tion to our individual gardens.

Two or three summers ago I visited the
trial grounds of one of the country's large
mail order seed houses where are tested out
each year not only the seeds handled by that
company, but all obtainable varieties and
strains of the important garden crops. I don't
recall how much land they covered, but it took
us the better part of a day to inspect even a

By E. L. D. SEYMOUR

fraction of them, and superficially at that. I
have no idea today how many kinds of veg-
etables were growing there, but it took ten or
a dozen large, closely printed sheets to list the
varieties and strains. And as I marked the
acres of fertile, carefully tilled soil and the
rows upon rows of melons, cucumbers, cab-
bage, tomatoes, corn, peppers and all the rest
growing upon them and realized that it was
all merely a laboratory, a sort of experiment
station and proving ground from which
scarcely a cent of direct revenue could be
expected by the seed firm, there came to me
the first of a series of new impressions of
what seed selling really means.

Besides this actual production of seeds,
there are additional side-issues of the business
which must be maintained in order to keep
up with the procession. The testing of novel-
ties, for instance, both domestic and foreign,
in the hope of discovering something unique
and exceptionally valuable; the introduction
of this or that new variety on the chance that
it will fill a definite need and leap into favor;
the analysis of the public taste and the de-
termination, a year or more in advance, of
what seeds and how many of them it is going

to want — so that sufficient, yet not excessive
stocks may be grown in good time; the carry-
ing of these stocks from harvest time until the
frantically busy spring season when the bulk
of a year's business must be done because we
are so prone to put off ordering until the last
minute; the establishment of prices that shall
be acceptable to the consumer and still safe-
guard the dealer in the many risks he has to
carry and assure him a nominal return on his
investment; and the constant search for im-
proved methods of growing, curing, packing,
distributing and advertising so as to supply
us with the seeds we need and provide for
the continued future welfare of the industry.
All these are essential, unavoidable phases of
a business of which most of us ordinarily see
and realize only the final and smallest activity
as represented in the catalog.

Investigation unearths almost inconceivable
statistics concerning the growing end of the
seed business — totally distinct, yet absolutely
inseparable from the selling end. Radish seed
is harvested and marketed by the ton; farms
there are on which entire five and ten acre
fields are devoted to single varieties of com-
mon flowers, such as nasturtium, aster and the

N. DAK.

MINN

\fr-t

S. DAK

VVVo.

TSeiiti

wi !

cow

<as»xs

NEB.

caw
IOWA

COL.

N.MEX.

KAN.

OKU.

MO.

TENN

N.c.

ARK.

TEX.

MISS.
COii

LA.

s.c.

ALA.

Study of a map which appeared in the Year Book oj the U. S.
Department of Agriculture reveals some interesting facts about the
seed-producing regions of the country. While the Pacific Coast
with its equable climate naturally supplies tremendous quantities,

there is also a marked concentration of the industry in the Middle

Atlantic States. Few garden lovers realize this, or are aware of

the fact that we as a nation make use every year of some two

hundred million pounds of vegetable seeds alone

February, 1922

Beet seed production in California is on a scale which suggests
wheat grouting in the Northwest. Men, horses and machinery are
kept busy gathering and threshing out the crop which, in millions

upon millions of tiny packets, ultimately finds its way into gardens

the country over. Beet seed is also grown commercially but on

a smaller scale in Pennsylvania and Connecticut

like; 2,000 acres in California grow nothing
but sweet peas and produce approximately a
million and a half pounds in a season; one
dealer handles each year some 20,000 pounds
of nasturtium (Tropcuolum) seed; they are
extra special pedigreed seed crops that are
sold wholesale in trade packets holding one-
thirty-second of an ounce, and from which
the returns are at the rate of $10,000 or more
per acre! One could be forgiven an exclama-
tion of surprise on learning that, as a nation,
we make use every year of some 200,000,000
pounds of vegetable seeds, millions of bulbs,
and hundreds of thousands of dollars' worth
of the finest flower seeds obtainable.

To secure these prodigious supplies we have
long scoured, and still call
upon, all the corners of the
earth — Australia and the
Argentine, Japan and the
Canary Islands, Holland,
France, Denmark, Italy,
Germany, Scandinavia. But
while we may well be
grateful for both the ma-
terial and inspirational help
obtained from foreign
lands, there has been a
steady decrease of imports
and a corresponding growth
of home seed production as
our farmers and seed grow-
ers have gained in ability
and learned how to employ
our varied soils and climate
in the production of seeds
equal, if not superior, to
those grown anywhere else
in the world. Cheap labor
in other countries was long

a controlling factor, but with the perfection
of labor-saving machinery and under the in-
fluence of the wartime demoralization of inter-
national trade, the United States has made
tremendous strides from the position of one
of the heaviest importing nations to that of
an important exporter as far as garden seeds
are concerned. Although last year and the
year before we brought in approximately five
million pounds of vegetable and flower seeds,
these, it will be noted, comprise only from
one-fiftieth to one- fortieth of the total con-
sumed in any one year.

Even the technical problems of bulb grow-
ing, to which Holland, France and Japan have
long held the key, are now being satisfactorily

Flower seed production is on a mo less imposing scale than that of vegetables. In

California alone some 200 acres are devoted to asters, 150 around Los Angeles to

zinnias, and from 250 to 500 produce alyssum, mignonette, poppies, etc. Above is a

section of a Sweet William field

solved in different parts of this country. Only
last fall I watched the planting of more than
a million daffodil, tulip and hyacinth bulbs
in southern New Jersey where two Hollanders
(one already well on his way to American
citizenship) are combining Dutch and Yankee
methods with every promise of excellent results.
Begun, we may say, about 1784, when David
Landreth established the first American seed
farm near Philadelphia, our domestic seed
business passed another landmark in 1802,
when Grant Thorburn started the first seed
store in New York City. In Civil War days
there were probably half a hundred seed
farms in operation; by 1867 some 2,000 acres
were devoted to garden seed production, and
twenty years later this had
increased to 7,000 acres — •
largely in beans and peas,
and mainly located in New
England, New York, Penn-
sylvania and adjoining
States. By the beginning
of the 20th Century the
acreage of the two seed
crops just mentioned was,
in itself, over 100,000;
while today more than
200,000 acres distributed
from one end of the coun-
try to the other (as indi-
cated on the accompanying
map) are required to pro-
duce the flower and veg-
etable seeds that we garden-
ers plant.

In every case investiga-
tion and observation have
resulted in the adaptation
(Continued on page 76)

House £r Garden

THE VALUE OF THE ANCIENT WOOD

Although Fast Being Supplanted by Porcelain and Metal, Some Kitchen
Utensils of Wood Are Still Unsurpassed

ETHEL R. PEYSER

IN these days of metals, electricity and
enamels, one is very prone to forget that
there is still virtue in the ancient wood,
which with true aristocratic gentleness, has giv-
en way to those more parvenu products that
boast their sanitary qualities.

Today there are still things of wood for the
kitchen, pantry and laundry which are retained
to advantage and other things which can be
kept, if not with advantage, at least for utility.

Some purchasers have wasted
time in their zeal to kill entirely the
wood tradition and substitute
metals in every instance. To save
this time, this article is written and
dedicated to those who would have
the right thing be it of the darker
ages or of this so-called sanitary or
enlightened era.

For example, could one ever use
a metal plank for planked fish or
meats? Of course not! The wood
itself in this case gives up its own
essence as it combines, through the
medium of heat, with the juices of
the food cooked on its surface.
What metal could do this without
imparting the metallic taste to the
bill of fare?

These planks come in different
sizes and shapes. The best are of
oak. Some cost more than others.
But the thing to remember is that a
plank is like wine, the older it is,
that is, the more it is used and be-
comes impregnated with the empyreumatic
flavors of the food stuffs, the more exquisite
becomes its quality and the better flavor it
imparts to the food.

According to Nicholas Sabatini, Chef of
Delmonico's, the best thing to do with a
plank when you buy it is to keep it for at
least six weeks, to be sure that it is seasoned
sufficiently. After using a plank, do not
soak it in water, but clean it off with a damp
cloth only. Then keep it under a weight of
some sort to prevent any probable warping
of the wood. Mr. Sabatini was very insistent
about the plank being of oak, as any other
wood imparts too definite a flavor of its

own to the food stuffs cooked on it.

Ironing boards have never been replaced with
metal to any large extent. It is their "give"
when swathed in "white stuff" that makes them
comforting and usable. Even the modern
bracketed ironing boards are wooden with the
exception of their metal joints and arms, enabl-
ing them to be folded against the walls or put
out of the way. So, too, the sleeve and skirt
board. Time would be wasted in hunting for

For certain kinds of chopping the

chopping bowl is more desirable

than the rotary grinding machine

The mallet is a heavy tool, used for

cracking bones and ice. It is made

of hickory or lignum vitae

Mashers, wooden handled egg beat-
ers and wooden butter prints are all
small accessories for the kitchen

a more modern material to use for these staples.
Ironing folding tables are neat little things
for the small house. These are made of white
wood. They will not last a lifetime but they
are inexpensive and useful.

Skirt boards come from 3 to 6' long -and the
sleeve board around 18" to 20" long.

In some cases where there is available both
a wooden article and a china or metal, it is
often better to get the non-wooden. For ex-
ample, the wooden salt box; good
enough in its way but it is out-
ranked by the china, porcelain or
composition boxes, because these
materials look better, wear better
and cannot help being smoother
and less fibrous than the wooden
variety. So would we rather buy
sharpeners, flour sieves, some of
the pot racks and sink racks in
metal garb than wood, although
there are some sink racks of wood
which not only have a porcelain
lining but save breakage of china.
Chopping bowls of sugar maple
(not Southern maple) are kitchen
necessities. These do not splinter
and they make the din of chopping
less obnoxious. The rotary chop-
ping machine is not always anal-
agous to the chopping bowl, for
who could chop parsley as well in
a chopper as with blade and bowl ?
\Yooden bread boards and cake
boards, of course, are invaluable
(pie "boards" are better of marble, porce-
lain or their cognates). These must be of
hard wood such as maple or birch and so
made as to be knotless, crackless and long
grained. A damp cloth will remove traces
of material used thereon.

The onion should have its own little chop-
ping board for obvious reasons.

Noodle boards are oblong, usually of
white wood and come from 14" x 20" to
20" x 30". These have a descending ledge
at the near side to hold fast to the table and
an ascending ledge on the far side to keep
the dough from sliding off. Bread boards
are round and are from 10" to 11" in dia-

Slaw boards and bread boards are best

when made of hard knotless wood — birch

or maple. Photographs by courtesy of

C. H. &• E. S. Goldberg

In a kitchen where dishes and extra supplies are
kept on high shelves the wooden steps are a neces-
sity. Some steps are built to fold into chairs,
thereby saving kitchen space

The noodle board has a front ledge for

gripping the table or a back ledge for

holding the dough. It can be used for a

number of purposes

February, 1922

meter. Pastry boards can be
had from 12" x 16" to 20"
x 30".

The wooden step, non-
rickety and solid, is of ines-
timable value in the kitchen
where the worker is too short
for the tables or tubs, or
where things must needs be
on high shelves. The step
chair which readily is
changed from ladder to
chair combines a 2-in-l ar-
rangement, that makes room
in a kitchen by obviating ex-
tra chairs and extra space
for a pair of steps or ladder.

We would warn pur-
chasers against the sales-
man of wood garbage buck-
ets or pails. In no case are
they as sanitary as regular metal containers.

But the oak pail, keg or bucket for cider,
vinegar, preserves or water is a good culinary
adjunct. They are hard, firm and well con-
structed in the best makes. Often these things
have been quite forgotten and yet they are
quite useful in kitchen economy.

Wooden pails come for various uses — scrub-
bing pails, water pails, jelly pails and flour
pails. They are made with two or three hoops
and are of pine, cedar, oak grain or oak. The
flour pails hold from \2l/2 to SO pounds of
flour. The jelly pails hold from 5 to 30 pounds
of jelly and are a convenience to the house-
keeper who puts up a lot at a time and who has
a large menage.

The large wooden spoon for use in acid
cooker — preserves and the like — is indispen-
sable to the epicurean household and should
be on every kitchen utensil list.

The clothes-horse is practically an extinct
animal. In its place has come a different
species of varying kinds.
Some fold up against the
wall, some are pulleyed up
to the ceiling and get the
ascending heat of the room
for drying and some don't
fold at all. Some are built
for porch use, garden use
and roof use. But all are
less aggressive than the ex-
tinct "horse".

A close relation to the
clothes rack is the towel
rack and hand towel roller,
usually of wood and made
as well of this material as
any other.

The bread and pastry rol-
ler is usually of wood and is
quite efficient. There are
glass rollers on the market
but, of course, these can
chip. Special noodle rollers
are made now of maple and
birch and are long and thin,
giving quick contact like a
low gear ! Some rollers have
designs cut in them for fin-
ishing off a bit of dough
with a pattern.

Buckets for various
purposes are necessary.
All broom, brush and
mop handles must be
of wood

Skirt and sleeve boards
of wood are valuable
because when covered
they have a "give" that
helps the ironer

Ironing tables that fold up are requisites in the small home. They are generally made
oj white wood, which is adequate for the purpose. The legs are so constructed that
the board is pleasantly and securely balanced. Another type of ironing board is sup-
ported on iron brackets and folds up against the wall

Potato, slaw and bread
cutters are merely wood re-
ceptacles with cutting blade
insertions.

Knife drawers or racks
with grooves to keep the
knife blade inviolate are too
little used. This is one of
the things that will make the
kitchen a more proper tool
chest, prolong the life of
cutlery and save time in the
search for wanted knives on
the part of the worker.
These are being made in
compact, useful fashion to
meet the needs of the well
ordered kitchen. We can't
stress the housing of cutlery
hard enough — and it is a
real housing problem.

The pot cover rack for those who do not
hang up their pots is a great comfort. It is
inexpensive and easily installed. With these
cover racks one easily identifies the cover and
it doesn't get lost in a dark closet, although
many folks think quite the contrary and de-
plore the newer methods of hanging up pots
and their covers to the public gaze.

The question of serving butter delightfully is
taken care of by keeping it in the ice box in a
stone crock, and making butter balls with little
wooden butter pats. There are also wooden
butter prints, which enable one to serve butter
in forms with a probable little raised design on
its top surface. These come in a flattened but-
ter ball size and also in l/> -pound print moulds.
The question of wood in the kitchen becomes
acute in the handle situation. Brushes, brooms
and mops of all kinds have wooden handles,
and the handle makes for comfort and comfort
for efficiency. Therefore it is not out of place
here to give a few suggestions as to what a
handle ought to be:

1 . Smooth — no splinters —
hard non-porous.

2. Easily held in hand
(if on scrubbing brush, sink
brush, etc.).

3. Long enough to do tht
work (if on wall or ceilins
or radiator brush).

4. Set firmly in its sock-
et and easily set in (if or
mop, wall brush, etc.).

5. Non - snapping, n o
brittle (if on a wall duster)

6. Enameled to resis
heat and water.

The mallet and the po
tato masher are heavy tool;
and quite necessary. Thi
former is usually of hick-
ory or lignum vitae, the lat
ter of maple. The potat<
masher's function is obvi-
ous, but the mallet is oftei
needed for cracking a bone
or ice. For fixing lobstei
and making a chicken go £
long way a mallet is quite £
little "fixer".
(Continued on page 62)

House Gr Garden

In a room of this kind sunlight
is the principal factor so it is
wise to avoid heavy draperies.
The windows above are hung
•with sheer gauze curtains in a
delicate putty shade, the color
oj the plaster walls. Mrs. A.
Van R. Barnewall was the
decorator

This unusually beautiful screen
with its colorful birds, fruits
and foliage is quite in the
spirit of a sun room. Painted
on leather and then antiqued,
it has a mellow tone that is
exceptionally decorative. It
is 6' high, $150. Arthur Las-
slow was the artist

WHEN FURNISHING THE SUN ROOM

AH the articles shown on these pages may be purchased through
the House & Garden Shopping Service, 19 ~W '. 44th Street, N. Y. C.

The graceful arrows and delicacy of the
lattice work design of the basket make
this plant stand unusually decorative. Of
wrought iron, 44" high. May be finished
in green or black and gold, $40

A wrought iron stand of unusual design
has a deep copper bowl to hold either a
plant or flowers. It is 44" high and
finished in antique green. It may be
purchased for $35

February, 1922

A gay chintz for a sun

room has brilliant birds on

a black or cream ground,

30"— $3

The delicate wrought iron
stand and deep glass bowl
make this aquarium de-
sirable, $35

A decorated wrought iron
holder is large enough for
one pot of ivy. 12" high
and a 12" chain. Com-
plete $18

A wrought iron stand
holds a decorative metal
bird cage painted either
red, green, black or ma-
roon. Cage $12, stand $18

Colorful porcelain birds are
charming accessories in a sun
room. The gay little parrots
shown here are 12" high and
may be purchased for $10 the
pair

The porcelain parrots above
have yellow breasts and red-
dish orange feathers. They
would make interesting spots
of color against gray plaster
walls

From the Philippines comes
this decorative stool of strong
wicker in black and tan. It
is 19" high and 14" wide and
is priced at $15

Painted furniture is used to best advantage in a sun room. The set
pictured above is unusually graceful and might be used in a breakfast
room where small pieces are a necessity. The octagonal table is 28"
high and 32" across. The set is black with gold decorations but may
be had in other color schemes. Table $30.50, chairs $13.75 each

A comfortable chair covered
in any color denim with legs
painted to harmonize or fin-
ished in walnut or mahogany
is priced at $52

February

THE GARDENER'S CALENDAR

House & Garden

Second Month

B. Y. Morrison is
pale lavender-violet
and purple. Glen
Road Iris Gardens

The Sunnnybrook

pole lima bears early

and heavily. W.

Atlee Burpee

Betty Bird is a

glowing rose pink,

deeper in the center.

Jessie L. Seal

SUNDAY

MONDAY

TUESDAY

WEDNESDAY

THURSDAY

FRIDAY

SATURDAY

1. Better

2. All plants

3. Summer

4. N o o n e

The first flowers to greet us are the

get out the
sashes for the

that have been
in the same

flowering bulbs
such as cannas,

can garden
well with dull

Snowdrops, "fair maids of February."
Brave little flowers ! See how they

hotbed and
cold-frame, and
see that they

pots for any
considerable
time, such as

gladioli, dah-
lias, caladlum,
etc., should be

or poor quality
tools. This isthe
time to do any

hang out their bells as if to greet the
wind. "Our Lady's Bells," we call
them, and the name is fitting, for noth-

are In good
cond 1 1 1 o n.
Broken glass
may need re-
placing, and

palms and oth-
er decorative
things, should
be re - potted
before their ac-

looked over
carefully. Ex-
cessive heat or
moisture will
start them Into

repairing that
may be neces-
sary. All edged
tools must be
sharpened ;

ing in Nature speaks more plainly of

the wood
should be

tive growing
season starts.

growth: damp-
ness with a low

kerosene and
grease will

courage and purity.
A. L. URBAN.

painted to pro-
tect it from the

Top dressing Is
the alternative

temperature
Is apt to cause

check the rust
on all the metal

weather.

to this.

decay.

parts.

5. Plant

6. Have you

7. Have you

8. Have you

9. Have

10. Bay trees.

11. If you

stakes are
necessary evils;
we all wish
that the plants

progressed any
further than
your mind
with that rose
garden you

ordered your
supply of seeds?
They should be
on hand now.
An old bread

pruned your
fruit trees?
They will pro-
duce If left in
a natural state,

your trees
looked over
carefully to de-
termine their
true condition.

hydrangeas,
oranges and
other plants of
this type that
are used for

like golf you
should have a
practice green
constructed on
your grounds

quire support-
ing, but they

have been con-
sider ing all

tin makes a
good mouse-

but not nearly
so well. Good

It takes a life-
time to grow

decoration out-
side in the sum-

— In some
screened corn-

do, and we
must accom-
modate them.
Order stakes

these years?
Each year that
you postpone
establishing It

proof storage
for them. Don't
let the seeds get
damp — a cool.

fruit Is pro-
duced o n 1 y
where intelli-
gent pruning Is

good trees but
they are sub-
ject to Injuries
of many kinds.

mer should be
looked over to
see if the tubs
will stand up

er where you
can practice
when vou want
to. How it with

now. If you

means that

dry place Is the

practiced, so

A little tree

through an-

fescueand

can't do this,

you are losing

ideal storage

your labor will

surgery at the

other season's

creeping bent

cut some in the

just that much

place until

be well justi-

right time will

use. If not.

grass in equal

woods.

pleasure.

planting time.

fied and repaid.

save them,

repair now.

quantities.

12. D e c Id -

13. Start to

14. Pea

15. It Is

16. Start

17. Have

IS. If you

uous trees and

prepare your

brush, bean

much easier to

sowings now tn

you studied

cannot afford a

shrubs also re-

hot bed now.

poles and to-

overhaul your

the greenhouse

the merits of a

greenhouse

quire pruning

At least 12

mato stakes

lawn mower

of the hardy

fruit border?

there are nu-

to keep them

inches of good

are necessities

now In the

vegetables,

No place Is

merous styles

in good health.

hot manure

of a productive

garage than it

such as cab-

complete with-

of plant pro-

Early flowering

will be neces-

garden. A few

will be next

bage, caull-

out one. Rasp-

tectors that are

subjects such

sary for mak-

hours spent

summer on the

flower, lettuce.

berries, cur-

helpful to gar-

as the lilac or

ing It. Tramp

with an axe In

lawn. At least

celery, toma-

rants, goose-

dening. They

spireas are best

this firm and

the woods will

the gear boxes

toes, etc. Use

berries, black-

should be or-

pruned after

cover it with

furnish you

must be

flats or seed

berries, grapes

dered now, as

they have fin-

about 4 Inches

with these

cleaned out

pans for great-

— ail these

their greatest

ished flowering

of good garden

needed acces-

and repacked

er convenience,

make excellent

value Is in the

along In the

soil that has

sories. Gather

with vaseline,

and provide

border plants

early season.

spring. This

been well

them before

and the other

plenty of

for the gar-

Glass ones are

saves blossoms.

screened.

they leaf out.

bearings oiled.

drainage.

den.

excellent.

19. Now

20. No gar-

21. Stock

22. Have

23. Before

24. Flower-

25. Sprays

that the war

den Is com-

plants of all

you ever given

work Is started

ing plants of

of all the early

is over let us

plete without

kinds of bed-

a thought to

outside you

all kinds that

flowering

think again of

some well se-

ding subjects

the comforts of

should make

are wanted for

spring shrubs

greenhouse

1 e c t e d and

should now be

our greatest

an Inventory of

Easter must be

can be cut and

construction.

properly ar-

started into ac-

garden friends

your tools.

started Into ac-

placed in water

Greenhouses

ranged garden

tive growth so

the birds?

Any new ones

tive growth.

in the house

certainly raise

furniture. In

that the neces-

Why not get

necessary must

By postponing

where the

the standard of

formal garden-

sary quantity

a few houses

be ordered

this and then

flowers will

any grounds

ing pottery Is

of cuttings will

where the birds

now. Tool de-

trying to rush

quickly de-

whether they

very necessary

be ready for

can nest? A

signs keep on

them along the

velop. Pussy

lie for fruit or

to the com-

taking when

bath for the

being 1m-

plants are In-

willow, golden

flowers. Early

pleteness of the

the proper

birds will give

proved as well

variably grown

bell, Japan

planning

scheme. Make

time for them

even more

as other
things, so look

too warm and
In many cases

quince, etc.,
can be forced

errors.

and order now.

spring.

than to them.

them over.

ruined.

in this way.

26. Sweet

27. All dor-

28. Garden

peas may be

mant trees and

arbors as they

started now In
the hotbed or

shrubs that are
subject to the

are now made
are very at-

greenhouse.
Paper pots are

attacks of San
Jose scale

tractive and
necessary ac-

It is fitted to the latitude of the Middle States, but

excellent for
them. After
the seeds have
germinated the

should be
sprayed with
one of the solu-
ble oils. Trees

cessories of the
garden. If you
wish to enjoy
them this sum-

its service should be avai able for the whole country
if it be remembered that for every one hundred
miles north or south there is a difference of from

plants must be
kept rather

that are al-
ready Infested

in e r they
should be or-

five to seven days later or earlier in performing

cool to prevent
their getting

must have at
least two

dered now, as
well as the

soft and weak

thorough

roses or other

stemmed.

sprayings.

vine1* for them.

fl/AL sir, I pitrty near died a-laughin' this mornin' over to Adams's Place.
rr Ye see, Adams he moved out from A" York last Spring, all b'Uin' over to "lead a- normal an'

untrammelcd life," as he called it, an' bought the old Campbell farm. What he cal'lated to do with it was

a caution — grow a couple thousand bushels o' fancy apples, breed 600 pound hogs, git him a tractor what'd

do ev'rythin' jrcnn ptiilin' stumps to milkin' cows. But the thing he set most store by was raisin' pedigreed hens.

Wai sir, he started in with ten settin's of eggs that cost him 'bout $15 a dozen. Far as I knew ev'ry-

thin' went good with 'em until he come over this mornin' an' sez to me,

"Doc, them hens o' mine ain't layin' very good. They's close onto a hundred of 'em, fine, big birds

their time fightin'. I wisht ye d come over an' tell me what's the matter with 'em. I can't jigger it out."

I went. An' ding it, ninety o' them chickens was roosters, an' Adams never knew the diff'rence!

After he got through cussin' I kinder pulled my face together an' sez to him, "Ye ought to be glad
to see them birds leadin' such a normal an' untrammelcd life, fightin' an' crowin'. What s a few eggs,

agin' that?" — Old Doc Lemmon.

4 handsome, hardy
but little known lily
is Lilium Willmot-
tiae. F.H.Horsford

Jack London is sal-
mon, pink, orange,
yellow and ruby.
Richard Diener Co.

Of interest to Amer-
ican Legion mem-
bers is the new daisy,
Floradale. Burpee

Hotbed making is in order now, that the garden

may get an early start this spring. The details

were described in the January issue of House &

Garden

Lovers of rugosa roses will be
interested in F. J. Grooten-
doorst, a new ever-blooming
red from Holland. L. W. Hall

Box barberry is a neat, low edging shrub, per-
fectly hardy. Here it is shown in contrast with
Japanese barberry at the left. Elm City Nursery
Company.

February, 1922

Winter days invite your KODAK

Autographic Kodaks at your Dealer s
Eastman Kodak Company Rochester, N.Y. The Kodak City

House &• Garden

FREE-This Book on
Home Beautifying

JOHNSON'S

Pasje - LiQuid "Powdered

Johnson's Prepared Wax
comes in three convenient
forms — Paste Wax for pol-
ishing floors and linoleum —
Liquid Wax the dust-proof
polish for furniture, wood-
work, and automobiles —

Powdered Wax for dancing.
Johnson's Prepared Wax
cleans, polishes, preserves
and protects — all in one oper-
ation. It does not catch dust
and lint — takes all the drudg-
ery from dusting — rejuve-
nates the original finish and
gives an air of immaculate
cleanliness.

Are You Building?

You will find our book partic-
ularly interesting and useful if
you plan on building or re-
modeling. It tells how to finish
inexpensive soft woods so they are
as beautiful and artistic as hard-
wood. Enables you to talk intel-
ligently on this subject to your
architect or contractor.
Our Individual Advice Department
is in the hands of a corps of ex-
perts who give all questions on
•wood finishing prompt and care-
ful attention. Do not hesitate to
bring your wood finishing prob-
lems to us there is no obligation

whatever attached to this service.

The Value of the Ancient Wood

S. C. JOHNSON & SON, Dept. HG2, Racine, Wis.

(Canadian Factory — Brantford)

Please send me, free and postpaid, your book on Home Beautifying, "The
Proper Treatment for Floors, Woodwork and Furniture."

My Paint Dealer is.

My Name

My Address

(Continued jrom page 57)

The coffee mill and the sink rack
can be as well made of wood as of
metal. Yet this does not need to pre-
clude the metal ones for those wanting
them. The wooden ones themselves are
really more of hardware than of wood.

The mouse trap of wood used once
and then to be thrown out is rather a
pleasanter idea than using the same im-
pregnated trap over and over again.
These are cheap and ready to use at any
time.

The wooden salad set, knife, spoon,
fork, are rather epicurean but seem to
be passing out of fashion.

Tables of wood are so common that
they need little description, yet a few
suggestions may be of real value. The
table with the stove is all important in
the kitchen. It is so valuable, indeed,
that it has been lately combined with
the dish-washer and the effete refri-
gerator in order to make it possible in
limited spaces to install these quite noble
but less royal things.

Tersely said, the table must be large
enough for the work to be done, steady
on its legs, simple in construction and

easily kept clean and wholly sanitary.

If possible metal capped legs will
prevent the legs becoming unlevel by
swelling when the floor is washed or
shifting through general use. The table
top would easily take a whole story;
the main requisite is that it be hard,
easily cleaned and scraped — be it of
wood, composition, marble, metal or of
the porcelain family. Kitchen tables
come from 3' to 7' long, with and with-
out shelves beneath and also with or
without closets and drawers below.

The wooden top of maple is most
satisfactory and probably of all the table
tops most used. Yet for those that can
afford the wooden table with marble
top and German silver trimmings, noth-
ing could be more perfect even though
the price soars.

Finally, if there be benefit in this
article let the reader take from it sug-
gestions for the wooden wedding gift
Few people think of the kitchen as a
realm for gifts. In our experience
presents of culinary use have been a
boon to many householders, especially
at the wooden wedding period.

An Old Garden of Italy

(Continued jrom page 43)

garden that the Italians love so well.
Along the northern side of this garden,
greenhouses and stables in the late Ba-
roque style with urns, statues, and poly-
chrome clock tower make an interesting
silhouette against the sky. The oppo-
site side of the terrace is framed by a
balustrade; stairways lead down to the
sunken gardens on the level below.
Here the cool shadows cast by the
upper terrace make a veritable bower
of feathery ferns, shining box and trail-

ing ivy in delightful contrast to the
profusion of color and sunlight above.
From this point one realizes, if any-
where, the beauty of Florence and its
environment; for from beneath two re-
markable ilex trees, four hundred years
old, trimmed and trained so closely as
to let no glimpse of sky be seen be-
tween their branches one looks across
to the hill of San Miniato beyond the
great city of Tuscany.

ROBERT M. CARRERE.

If You Are Going to Build

(Continued jrom page 41)

illustrates this point. It is made with
four wide solid oak planks. The frame
is of oak pilasters slightly beaded and the
lintel is a square oak beam. The wood,
as in the half-timber construction of
this house, is oak, weathered very dark.
Little circular lights are let in about
one-third of the way down each plank.
There is no other ornament. The effect
is rich, appropriate, and weaves in
beautifully with the general design of
the facade, and although there is in
the door a hint of old Yorkshire or a
return to pioneer days in America, it is
nevertheless definitely original and yet
suited to the architecture.

Mediaeval houses with many case-
ment windows often carry a very simple
door almost embedded in the facade, in
many instances recessed back from the
wall surface with no decoration except
possibly a corbelling of brick around
the arch, which decoration would be re-
peated about the windows. A doorway
as simple as this was recently designed
by Mr. Bertram Goodhue for the home
of Philip W. Henry. The door frame
here, like the house, is of rough field
stone laid up in a wide dignified arch.
At intervals the stones above the arch
are corbelled out into the wall of the
house. There is no other suggestion
whatever of decoration. The door is
of oak in narrow panels very simple
and dark, and the whole effect is both
rich and imposing.

One of our illustrations, the home of
A. K. Wampole, is of direct Tudor
inspiration. So far as the actual en-
trance is concerned the doorway is so
much a part of the structure of the
house that it seems to reach up to the
very top of the peaked roof; above the
door lintel is a group of windows.
There are also windows either side of

the actual doorway, so that the whole
fac.ade of the house is dominated by
this imposing entrance.

The plaster doorway has been in
vogue for several centuries here and
in England. A fine type of the 18th
Century English house shows one of
these doors wrought in stucco and
painted. The only decoration is the
skillful pointing and the panels in the
shallow doorhead. A much more el-
aborate plaster doorway is a sympa-
thetic adaptation of a romantic Italian
entrance, with the arch and frame
moulded into decorative effects. The
lintel projects over the arch, giving a
slight effect of a hood and directly over
the door itself is a half circle light. As
the walls of this house are also in
plaster the doorway is most harmonious
as well as picturesque.

In many of the old Philadelphia
stone houses the doors were of the
plainest nature, with different sized
panels, painted and set in a very nar-
row fluted frame. An interesting ex-
ample of this is the doorway of the old
court-house of Chester, Pa., which was
built early in the 18th Century. An-
other painted doorway of the 18th
Century comes from Suffolk, England.
It is exquisitely simple in design, the
projecting lintel being supported on
narrow fine pilasters painted white. The
door is dark and a moulding of the
dark wood cuts the frame, making an
interesting black and white effect.

Two richly designed doorways of
tawny Cotswold stone are from Glouces-
ter, England. One is very simple and
one quite ornate; the latter is the door-
way of Bourton House, Gloucester-
shire. It is late 17th Century and
quite Greek in design. The open pedi-
(Continued on page 64)

Februarv, 1922

Crane's
'Writing ^Papers

FOR FOUR generations one family has
devoted itself to keeping paper-mak-
ing up to the standard of quality that
was obtained in those far offhandcraft
days when its mill first started.

Out ofthe papers thus produced our
designers create stationery for social
use in which nothing is spared to make
each sheet, envelope and box reflect
credit on the quality of the paper.

EATON, CRANE & PIKE COMPANY

NEW YORK - PITTSFIELD, MASS.

THE NEW five quire box with
paper and envelopes correctly
proportioned to more nearly
meet your social needs. An op-
portunity to buy in quantityfor
stamping without the incon-
venience and waste of an over-
supply of envelopes with na
sheets to match.

YOUR correspondence require-
ments could demand nothing
more correct and more beautiful
than Crane' s Linen Lawn in
any one of these five distinctive
ity/es.

IT is almost impossible foroneta
remember all the little niceties
of social correspondence. Here
theyallareina lit tie book, pre-
pared by Caroline DeLancey,
a recognized authority. " Cor-
rect Social Correspondence1 '
with usable samples of Crane1 s
Linen Lawn will be sent post
paid on receipt of 60 cents.

House & Garden

Interpreting
The Spring and Summer ZModes

THE LINEN STORE" is now showing its beautiful new
Importations of Cotton, and Linen Dress Fabrics for the
Spring and Summer.

These are of amazing loveliness — products of the best
European looms. There are dainty weaves adaptable to the
season's fashionable silhouette of soft, flowing lines; others
with more body and crispness for the popular bouffant
modes. Novelty, beauty, smartness, characterize them all. And
quality — consistent with traditional McCutcheon standards !

Write for samples of these exclusive materials. See what
exquisite new frocks they will make for you.

Imported Novelty Dress Fabrics

Write for Samples Today

Imported Dotted Swisses — in new color combinations of vivid backgrounds with
white dots or dots of contrasting color. Navy or Black with white dots and
scores of novelty figures, checks, plaids, etc. $1.50 and $2.00 a yard

Embroidered Swiss Drop Stitch Voiles — White or colored grounds with large
heavy embroidered dots in white or colors. Very smart combinations, many
shown here for the first time. 38 in. wide. $2.50 a yard

Swiss Organdies — Made and dyed in Switzerland (to our special order), and
finished by the famous "Cilander Process," thereby insuring a permanent finish
so essential in this fabric. White and forty plain shades. 46 in. wide. $ i .00 a yard

English Prints — The ideal fabric for women's, misses' and children's garments,
aprons, millinery, and hundreds of everyday uses. The small Chintz and Cretonne
'esigns now so much in vogue will make instant appeal. 3 2 in. wide. 5>c. a yard

np
tie:

Dress Ginghams — Hundreds of new and fashionable dots, checks, stripes,
plaids and plain shades. 32 in. wide, yjc., $1.00 and $1.25 ayard

Handkerchief Linens — A new range of most attractive printed Handkerchief
Linens, fine sheer quality, white grounds, with dots, stripes or checks in brilliant
colors. Entirely new this season. Also a complete assortment of plain shades.
36 in. wide. $1.50 a yard

Reg. Trade Mark

James McCutcheon & Co.

Department No. 44

Fifth Avenue, 34th and 33d Streets, New York

GillieB

A modern doorway, designed by Edson
Gage for the half timber home of Steven-
son Towle at Rye, N. Y., is of weathered
oak with circular lights

If You Are Going to Build

(Continued from page 62)

ment is beautifully wrought and sup-
ported by fluted pilasters with Ionic
capitals. The frame immediately about
the door is carved into a soft moulding
and the whole effect is that of an en-
trance to a Greek temple. The simpler
house is also in Gloucester and the
beauty here lies in fine proportion and
a delicately carved lintel, which pro-
jects out slightly from the stone wall.

Practically every Colonial house of
any standing in America still has for
its inspiration the classic doorway. We
are showing a number of these, some
with the pointed Doric pediment;
others with the rounded hood, and
one with a hood built out from the
house without supporting columns.
This last is a doorway from an
English house. The hood is beautifully
modeled and the inner cove is painted
white. One classic doorway of great
distinction is the entrance to the Chase
house at Annapolis. The use of the
I'alladian motif brings spacious beauty
to this doorway. An entrance of
Hellenic beauty is the doorway of the
Harwood house built in 1776, also in
Annapolis.

Of course it is immensely interesting,
if one has the time and desire to de-
sign a doorway for one's own home.
If you do not know exactly what you
want and know a little something of
architecture, leave the doorway to the
architect; he will make your entrance
•'he keynote of the beauty of your home.
But there are helps besides the archi-

tect. Doors in many styles and in
almost every known durable wood are
being manufactured today. If you use
stock doors they must be carefully
selected to fit closely into the type of
architecture. Many of these doors are
veneered with a flat, even surface like
a slab of marble. They are sanitary,
fireproof and soundproof. They do not
shrink or swell. In the finest woods
like mahogany, Circassian walnut and
oak they are less expensive than the
"home grown" door. These doors come
entirely wood, with lights large or
small, or with mirrors. They are also
made after the French fashion, again
square at the top of the frame or with
half-circular top. Many people prefer
a panel door to one that fits in flush;
these must be set in frames. Of course
doors are manufactured for the interior
of the house as well as the exterior.

The core of the veneered door is
usually made of white pine and the
veneer is whatever wood you like that
is appropriate to your house. For the
outside door, the veneer is put on a
quarter of an inch thick. For the in-
terior doors not more than an eighth
of an inch is used. If you are build-
ing a moderate priced house, it is a
wise precaution to send to different
manufacturers for door and window
catalogs. Then your architect can
decide whether he will put stock doors
in his specifications or have them made
by your local builder. In the veneered
(Continued on page 66)

In a house de-
signed for Philip
W. Ifenry, Ber-
tram Goodhue
planned a stone
doorway of fine
proportion and
great dignity

February , 1922

The "CHIPPENDALE." Design 1978 — in Twin Pair

More Good News from Simmons

nPHIS is the first time Simmons has
JL been able to announce to women
nationally Simmons Mattresses — built
for sleep. Now, any where, everywhere
— these clean, wholesome mattresses,
sealed in carton- rails, are deliverable
at any home.

As you would expect of Simmons —
these Mattresses are built entirely of
pure, clean, new kapok or cotton. No
"renovated" materials.

Mattresses of these standards are so
far away from articles of ordinary con-
sumption, that no healthy- minded
woman can afford to spend her sleep-
money for anything else.

Like Simmons Beds, built for sleep
sanitary, luxurious sleep.

Your choice of five styles — at a pop-
ular range of prices —

Purple Label

Blue Label Green Label

Red Label White Label

A Service due the American Public
Today Simmons can give
the public a complete sleeping
unit. Beds, Springs and Mat-
tresses, each built to fit the other
-all built for sleep. In this way,
you secure a real guarantee of
sleep satisfaction.

Simmons Company
makes this unquali-
fied Statement to
every merchant
who sells Simmons
Mattresses:

" Cut open any Simmons
Mattress that comet into
your store. If you do not
find it up to specifications,
or better — ship tack every
item of Simmons merchan-
dise and never send us
another order. "

\
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Look for the Simmons Label
SIMMONS COMPANY

CHICAGO KENOSHA SAN FRANCISCO

(Executive Offices, Kenosha, Wis.)

J5uilt for Sleep

FREE BOOKLET ON SLEEP!
Write us for "Sleep and its Environment

MANY similar expressions
have been received from
pleased purchasers of

ELLIOTTS

WORLD'S BEST

SEEDS

Write today for our catalog which is
really an invaluable text-book on the
cultivation of vegetables and flowers
and lists the choicest varieties of full-
sized, perfectly developed, thoroughly
tested seeds. You will find many
specialties not possible for you to get
from any one but us.

Read the guarantee in our catalog.
Twenty-nine years of experience en-
ables us to pledge satisfaction or your
money back.

ELLIOTT NURSERY CO.

503 Magee Bid. Pittsburgh, Pa.

House & Garden

If You Are Going to Build

(Continued jrom page 64)

doors you avoid the danger of swelling
and splitting that so often comes with
bad weather and that is almost in-
evitable in doors that are made from
solid wood blocks. Doors and windows
that are weatherproof are one of the
greatest economies, because they save
money on the coal bill and on repairs.
If you want the solid wood doors, the
wood must be most carefully weather-
ed. And occasionally of course no
other door will quite -fit your scheme
or architecture. Cypress and ash are
perhaps the most reliable woods for
the solid doors; though they can be
procured in oak, sycamore and mahog-
any.

It is actually possible to procure
the door hood ready made as well as
the door and both fitted to the scheme
of your house. Doors with flat frames
can also be had ready made, finished
with flat or fluted pilasters and Greek
lintels.

It goes without saying that the slid-
ing door with complete fixtures can be
found ready to use, and that all poss-
ible door trim and hardware are at
your service, unless the plan of your
house and entrance is so individual that
it must have original fittings manu-
factured.

When we started this house series
we had thought to combine in one
article the story of doors and windows,
but we soon found that so great is the
interest in beautiful windows and doors
for the modern American house, that
it was necessary to give an entire ar-
ticle to each of these architectural de-
tails and even now we feel that we
have only half expressed the great in-
terest in this subject and its immense
importance to the right development of
American architecture.

Later on we shall present a separate
article on hardware for doors and
windows, showing in our illustrations
some rare old designs, as well as the
best modern development in these
equipments.

Catalogs of Doors

"Entrance and Exterior Doors," "In-
terior Doors and Trim," published by
the Curtis Service Bureau, Clinton, la.,
are both exceedingly helpful catalogs
for the home builder. They are very
well illustrated with a variety of doors,
both inside and out, that are skilfully
designed. These doors not only afford
excellent suggestions for people who are
planning homes, but can actually be
ordered by measurements, and incor-
porated in the house, saving a good
deal of effort and bringing in assurance
that the doors will be appropriate for
the house and in good taste.

McKinney's Complete Garage Sets,"
published by McKinney Mfg. Co.,
Pittsburgh, Pa., not only show you com-
plete garage hardware sets but some
very interesting garage doors with
hardware to make their installment
perfect. Designs are also shown for
what is called "Around-the-Corner"
entrance, a very practical doorway for
a narrow garage. In fact almost every
kind of door and door hardware is
illustrated in this very useful pamphlet.

"Rolling Steel Doors," published by
the Edwards Mfg. Co., Cincinnati, Ohio,
is one of the most complete catalogs
of rolling steel doors ever issued, made
up by men who have spent their entire
life in the field of sheet metal building
material. The illustrations in this

pamphlet show a great variety of rolling
doors, also some very important build-
ings in which they have used. There
are also detail drawings showing just
how rolling steel doors, shutters and
partitions are installed.

"Comfort," published by the Monarch
Metal Weatherstrip Co., St. Louis, Mo.,
In this very practical illustrated book
you are told how to use weatherstrips
in a variety of instances. Complete
instruction is given for the placing of
these strips on casement windows as
well as double-hung windows and
doors. The strips are made of zinc,
bronze and copper and intended not
only to keep out the cold but dust,
dirt, soot, rain and snow.

"Roddis Flush Veneered Doors,"
published by the Roddis Lumber and
Veneer Co., Marshfield, Wise. The
doors shown in the fine illustrations of
this catalog are guaranteed mechan-
ically perfect. They are also moderate
in price. These flush doors are re-
garded as both artistic and practical,
and are presented "as sanitary, im-
proving in appearance with age, with
a power to retard fire and sound."
Even in fine woods, like mahogany
and Circassian walnut, they are less
expensive than many of the old time
doors. The story of the making of
these doors is quite romantically told
in this catalog both in text and pic-
tures.

"Vanishing House Doors," published
by the Richards-Wilcox Mfg. Co.,
Aurora, 111. "The utility and orna-
mental possibilities of having French
doors disappear into the wall instead
of swinging into the room are especially
obvious for apartments and small
houses." According to this catalog
the vanishing door saves space, heat, in-
jury, disturbance, rugs, walls and
nerves. They disappear when not in
use, close silently and easily, permit
the moving of wide articles from one
room to another conveniently, and
stand open or closed just as they are
placed.

Building With Assurance," published
by the Morgan Sash and Door Com-
pany, Blue Island Avenue and Wood
Street, Chicago, III., includes among its
many significant features a chapter on
the construction of doors. This is very
well illustrated, showing an immense
variety of styles in doors and of ma-
terials. These illustrations of doors
are not only valuable to builders and
carpenters, but the doors can be ordered
by initial and number to exactly
suit the type of architecture that is
being employed. All kinds of special
door heads, transoms, and lights are
presented, as well as storm doors and
screen doors and shutters.
—"Mill-work Handbook" "Adding Dis-
tinction to the Home," are interesting
illustrated pamphlets also published by
the Morgan Sash and Door Company.

"Cypress Lumber and Its Uses," pub-
lished by the A. T. Stearns Lumber
Company, Neponset, (Boston) Mass.
This book not only contains an inter-
esting story of the making of solid
cypress doors which are considered
among the most practical and durable
doors on the market, but an excellent
account of how cypress may be used
for shingles, for interior and exterior
woodwork, for cabinet work, for col-
umns, fences and clapboards. Some-
thing of the history of cypress is given,
and the book is exceedingly well illus-
trated.

February, 1922

Let Evergreens Increase
the Charm of Your Home

IMAGINE that home in the
photo without evergreens!
Wouldn't its exterior be so much
bricks and stone and mortar?

The charm evergreens give does-
n't fade when Old Jack Frost
thrusts forth his withering hand.
Therein lies the permanent orna-
mental value of well-chosen ever-
greens.

But — be sure to choose well. We
are ready to give you choice speci-
mens from the largest stock of
evergreens in the world — millions
of the most desirable varieties.
And — at a modest price, quality
considered.

HILL

The proud product of a family that has made better evergreens its one business for over 60
years. Specify Hill's Evergreens when you consult your landscape architect, nursery-
man or florist. Send in your name and address for a Complimentary Copy
of our 1922 Book," Home Trees Ever Beautiful."

The D. Hill Nursery Co.

Evergreen Specialists for over
sixty years

Box 301, Dundee, Illinois

he D. Hill Nursery Company, Inc.
Box 301, Dundee, Illinois

Send me a Free Copy of your 1922
Rook, "Home Trees Ever Beauti-
ful." at once.

Xanie

St. or R.B. No

Post Office State.

House & Garden

The Electrical Refrigerator
for Modem Homes

Frigidaire is a practical, selt-con-
tained, electric refrigerator. It
automatically maintains a dry,
constant temperature at least ten
degrees colder than is possible
with ice.

Fruit chilled in Frigidaire comes
to your table with a delicious
freshness — equal to that which
is usually associated with only
the finest of hotel service.
A special compartment provides
the means for freezing drinking
water into small cubes for table
use. Here also ices and dainty
desserts can be frozen.
Frigidaire is now being demon-
strated in all principal cities by
our branch offices and distribu-
tors. They will gladly explain
its unusual features.
An illustrated booklet describ-
ing Frigidaire in detail will be
mailed on request.

DelcoLight Company

Dayton, Ohio

The price of Frigidaire
ha» recently been re-
duced from $775 to
9595 f. o. b. Dayton.

GENERAL
MOTORS .

CLEAN DRY

The cleverness of this modern forgery con
be seen by comparing it with the authen-
tic group shown at top of page 32

Greek Terra Cotta

(Continued from page 32)

Figurines

graving by Durer, a miniature which
might turn out to be a Cosway, a fine
Japanese print from the Nihon Minato
Tsukushi series by Hiroshige and a bit
of Persian lacquer the like of which I
never had seen before or since. Did it
rebuke me, throw me into the slough
of remorse? No, dear reader! Did it
keep me from sallying forth the day
following to prowl in my favorite an-
tique shop haunts and to fetch there-
from a plate of the maiolica of Deruta.
a Wedgwood jampot and a Sheffield
Plate candlestick? No, dear reader!

But just here I must make the point
that had it not been possible for me
to have these fascinating things — and
I had a place for them all ! — I still
would have derived immense pleasure
from just seeing them, from knowing
about them. Indeed I collect with the
inner eye quite as frequently as with
the outer purse. Were no pleasure, no
true pleasure to be derived from seeing
things, but only from having things,
what earthly excuse could we have for
displaying our treasures to the inspec-
tion of others, who would go to
museums? I acknowledge, with be-
coming admission, that as there are

more good talkers than good listeners
in the world, there are fewer good see-
ers than either. But this, I think is
because we have not all come to un-
derstand the happy pastime of seeing
things with interest, of collecting for
the mind's eye with the inner eye, bid-
ding the imagination to make such
actualities as tickle our fancy truly
our own.

All this, if you have been patient
enough to read this far, is to assuage
any blow of disappointment in learn-
ing that this little discourse on Greek
Terra-Cotta Figurines holds forth no
hope to the collector that these delectable
objets d'art of antiquity are at all likely
to cross his collecting path unless his
steps are bent museumwards! Once in
a blue moon a genuine Tanagra or
other Greek terra cotta figurine will
turn up in some important metropolitan
sale of a famous art collection, and now
and then a genuine figurine of ancient
fabrication will be found in the hands
of a well-known art dealer. There are,
of course, countless forgeries of figurines,
and numerous very attractive and very
"like" reproductions in plaster or in
(Continued on page 70)

Late Greek terra cotta
tragic mask

A satyr mask of
later Greek work

A terra cotta head
of the late period

A clever forgery of a
Tanagra terra cotta fig-
urine

February , 1922

A SUGGESTION

OF1 AUTHKXTIO OI.I>

IIW MAHOGANY K.HRVD DIS-
TINCTION TO THK SMAlLi. HOUSE

OR APARTMENT.

INQUIRIES INVITED THROUGH
YOUR DECORATOR

INC.

284 DARTMOUTH ST.,

BOSTON

2 WEST 47™- ST.

NEW YORK

FRENCH
Hand Made Furniture

EXPERIENCE teaches that in the
long run it is economy to buy
the best. When enjoyment is
creased by the same qualities which
make for intrinsic value, as in fine
furniture, how doubly important it
is to choose wisely. A piece of au-
thentic, hand made furniture from
the FRENCH factory has all the
charm of a family heirloom and the
sturdiness to serve for more than one
generation.

Branded underneath every piece, this mark
is a guarantee ol quality

WM. A. FRENCH & Co.

Interior Decorators Makers of Fine Furniture
90 Eighth St. S., MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.

This high dresser of oak is taken from the type used in the better class of
farm houses of Yorkshire in the late Stuart period. The gate leg table,
from a rare old specimen, is uncommon in its silhouette leg and stretcher.
The finish of these pieces is softened and mellowed in tone as if by age.

House & Garden

THIS HOUSE IS SHOWN

in our new book of home
signs and how to build them. It
is an excellent plan, as are the
eleven others included in the
book which, under the title of
"Home and Happiness," points
out numerous distinct and in'
dividual advantages of

Arkansas
Soft Pine

SATIN-LIKE INTERIOR TRIM

for homes of good taste at mini'
mum cost. With Spring building
just ahead, it behooves home
lovers who will build this year
to be up and doing. May we
send you a copy of the book
with our compliments?

Arkansas Soft Pine is Trade Marked.

Obtainable from Lumber Dealers and Planing Mills

East of the Rockies

Arkansas Soft Pine Bureau

220 Boyle Building
LITTLE ROCK, ARKANSAS

Greek Terra Cotta Figurines

(Continued from page 68)

modern terra cotta. Very fine repro-
ductions are often beautiful and inspir-
ing, and if one cannot have the moon,
they are worth having for their own
sakes, not, of course, as in any sense
even approximating the aesthetic qual-
ities of the originals, notwithstanding
the fact that certain forgeries of Greek
terra cotta figurines have been known
to confound museum specialists, and
over certain ones controversy has oc-
casionally raged bitterly.

But despite all this, Greek terra cotta
figurines have an interest for the collec-
tor, for every lover of things beautiful,
and it is well for one to give the
acquisitive self such a holiday, now
and then, as may be found in a visit
to a museum where such objects are
to be found, or even to pore over
illustrations of these beautiful bits of
miniature statuary. Certainly knowing
a little about their history adds to one's
knowledge of the wonderful things that
have been handed down to us by the
ancients.

Early Greek Clays

The Greeks were proficient in the use
of clay from an early period in their
history. The vast number of pieces
of Greek pottery extant and the many
terra cotta figurines attest that. An
eminent authority on Greek antiquities,
H. B. Walters, writes in his "Greek Art"
as follows: "It is characteristic of the
Hellenic race that from its earliest be-
ginnings it did not employ clay for
utilitarian purposes exclusively, but soon
learned the value of this easily-worked
material for producing images not only
of its deities, but of animals and human
beings. The history of the Greek word
for sculpture is indicative of the an-
tiquity of this usage ; from a verb which
means literally 'to mould or knead,' e.g.
in wet clay, and hence to model in
any material, was derived the recognized
classical word plastike, the 'plastic' art.
Both Greek and Latin writers bear
witness to the primitive use of clay
for sculptured images."

Pausanias, the celebrated Greek trav-
eller and geographer of the Second
Century A. D. tells of seeing in the
Athenian Potters' Quarter a group of
sun dried clay figures representing
Dionysos at the feast in the house of
Amphiktion. Elsewhere he speaks of
other figures which were of baked clay,
such as a Theseus and Skiron group.

While Pausanias' reference is the
earliest literary one of which I know,
it is very certain that Greek terra cotta
figurines were made at a period ante-
dating his own by many centuries. The
Mycenaean period (to 1100 B. C.) cer-
tainly produced many such terra cotta
statues-in-little. Referring to this fact
Dr. Salomon Reinach says in his
'•Apollo" "The Greeks never ceased to
model these from the Mycenaean times
onward. They have left us a whole
world of statuettes representing gods and
goddesses, heroes and genii, men and
women engaged in the pursuits and plea-
sures of familiar life, caricatures,
animals, reduced copies of famous
statues. . . they were the least costly
among the works of art and, at the
same time, the most in vogue as ex-
voto offerings to the gods, and as ob-
jects to be deposited with the dead in
their tombs."

Tanagra figurines is a name that is
often attached to Greek terra cotta
statuettes by reason of the fact that
the Bceotian city of Tanagra was one
of the principal burial places for these
figurines, from the ancient tombs of
which locality so many fine examples
have been excavated. The finest of
the Tanagra figurines date from about
300 B. C. In these figures and groups
the influence of the great Athenian

sculptor, Praxiteles, is to be observed.
Various days were used in various
localities, at least five varieties were
employed in Athenian figurines. The
moulds in which the terra cottas were
formed were usually of the same ma-
terial as the figurines, as has been dis-
covered by specimens that have been
recovered in excavating. Generally a
number of moulds produced the differ-
ent parts of a figurine, and these parts
were carefully joined before firing. In-
deed, a large number of forms could
be produced by a skillful combination
of units. The details were modelled
by hand and the result was that after
the figurines left the hands of the artist
who gave them the final touches, there
was no suggestion of mechanical work-
manship about them. Instead they were
remarkably beautiful and virile, true
works of art. Color and gilding were
generally added, traces of which still
remain on many pieces. I can imagine
that the process of firing the figurines
was one requiring great care, for we may
remember Plutarch's story of the fate
that befell the attempt to bake the
terra cotta chariot intended to adorn
the Temple of Jupiter on the Capitol
of Rome, and how the clay swelled
up and the kiln had to be destroyed.

The Tanagra figurines were mainly
draped figures of women and girls, often
having the costume completed with
hats, fans and veils, characterized, as
Reinach observes "by the most delicious
coquetry". The writer of the Hand-
book of the Museum of Fine Arts,
Boston, where a remarkable collection
of Greek terra cotta figurines may be
studied, says "they suggest very vividly
at least the outward charm of Greek
life as one might have seen it in the
streets of Athens." A French writer
quoted by Walters says of the Tanagra
figurines "All of the Tanagra figures
are sisters but few of them are twins!"
In the famous collection of Greek terra
cottas in the British Museum there
is a pair of Tanagra twins, not sisters,
but tiny figures of Eros Burning a
Butterfly With a Torch, both from the
same mould, though given different
finishing touches. In the remarkable
collection of figurines in the Metropol-
itan Museum of Art, through whose
courtesy the accompanying illustrations
are reproduced, we may study these
similarities in the Tanagra group.

Myrina Figurines

Next to the Tanagra figurines come
those of Myrina in Asia Minor. There
was a greater variety of subjects pro-
duced there, with likewise many gro-
tesques. The Myrina figurines appear
to date after the period of Alexander
the Great (336-323 B. C.). Comment-
ing on the Myrina figurines Reinach
says "This necropolis has furnished a
large number of figures representing
women and youths, both draped and
naked, playing, frolicking, and indulg-
ing in a variety of animated move-
ments. We note an echo here of those
Asiatic schools of sculpture which loved
mobility and exuberant life, the schools
to which we owe the frieze of the
great altar of Pergamon. Alexandrian
art, too, with its taste for familiar
scenes and caricature, obviously influ-
enced the brilliant modellers of Myrina."

Athens, Tanagra, Myrina, Smyrna,
Cyprus, Rhodes, Cyrenaica, Italy —
wherever Greek culture developed in
the colonies of Hellas the art of the
sculptor in terra cotta flourished. How
precious are the records of the .men,
women and children of Ancient Greece
which he has left for us! What other
mirror of the people of those remote
ages have we comparable with these
little figurines? How they set the
(Continued on page 72)

February, 1922

i, a j .;,.,.; ..,.•!.!,., :.i ;. jiiFQiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii ••••i ••iiiiiiiiiuiliiiiiii

The

Tobey

FURNITURE
COMPANY

Wabash Avenue
CHICAGO

Fifth Avenue
NEW YORK

The Gian Galeazzo suite shows the distinctive design of Tobey^

made furniture. We shall be glad to send you our brochure W.

in Good 'umitur

Good Taste
Seeks Comfort

THE person who enjoys good furniture selects
those pieces which serve two purposes: lend
beauty to the home and give comfort to those
who live there.

Every piece of Elgin A. Simonds furniture is
made with those two essentials in mind plus
a third — durability.

Elgin A. Simonds furniture is a combination of
the three— beauty, utility and durability.

Our Department of Interior Design is at your
service to help you "set-
tle your house." Ask for
Booklet "H."

.Simonds

Companul
Vr urn it tiny

Elain 35. Simonds

Company

^Manufacturers of" furniture

SYRACUSE.N.Y.
NEWARK BOSTON CHICAGO

House & Garden

B. A. Leach, Owner
Ottawa Hills. Toledo. Ohio

IS YOUK HOUSE WARM
and WELL VENTILATED?

If not, if your heater is worn out or inadequate, now
is the time to consider replacing it in the spring.

And by all means consider it carefully, investigate
the different methods of heating, their original cost,
their cost of operation, their durability, and the
quality and healthfulness of the heat.

Kelsey Health Heat benefits by such comparison,
and we welcome the fullest investigation. If you
want plenty of fresh, warm air, with just the
right amount of moisture, a system of ventilation
that carries off all the impure air, a heater that
lasts a lifetime, and delivers "more heat to the ton,"
you will have no cause for regret in selecting the
Kelsey Warm Air Generator.

Our Engineering Department will furnish detailed
plans and specifications that will insure results
that cannot be equalled by any other system.

Write for further information.

THE

I WARM

WARM AIR GENERATOR I

(Trade Mark Registered)

237 James St., Syracuse, N.Y.

New York Office
565-K Fifth Ave. (Cor. 46th St.)

Boston (9) Office
405-K P. O. Sq. Bldg.

Greek Terra Cotta Figurines

(Continued from page 70)

imagination astir! How they evoke
thoughts of human kinship between
the people of the yesterdays of Hellas
and our own selves! Neither the idea-
lized marble sculptures nor the pictorial
Greek vases exert the magic over us
that the wand of the figurine inevitably
does. John Fiske declared that in the
making of a historian there should
enter something of the philosopher,
something of the naturalist, and some-
thing of the poet. In the making of

history one should add, something of
the artist! What do we not owe to
Diphilos and those other artist-modelers
of the Greek terra cotta figurines! Ah,
we should not close our eyes to these
little clay Lares and Penates, or our
ears to their story just because we
may not hope to have one of them
accept our invitation to come and join
the little Dresden shepherdess or the
Chelsea Piper standing on our pet man-
tel-shelf !

The Development of a Landscape Plan

(Continued jrom page 31)

that not only made it a distinct room
to itself but helped to tie the house to
the ground. Connected to the garden
by an arched opening in the wall is an
oval lawn, formally shaped but in con-
trast to the more strict formality of
the garden. On the other side of the
garden, reached by a more incidental
gateway, is the children's playground.
Convenient to the kitchen a hedge en-
closed space for a vegetable garden was
planned.

Such a layout, compared to one where
there is nothing but an open lawn, is
similar to an interior composed of the
customary rooms compared to one in
which there is only one large room and
in which all the functions of one floor
of the household are performed. It is

a type of arrangement that not only in-
creases the usefulness of the grounds but
heightens their charm by providing a
means of passing from one space to
another. The varying character of these
spaces, and the fact that each is more
or less screened from its neighbor, gives
to a tiny journey about the grounds a
quality of surprise and adventure where
before the whole scene was visible at a
glance and the interest quickly dissi-
pated. It is a type of design that has
come down from the finest traditions of
garden design of England and Italy, and
it is one that should be given more
consideration in the planning of every
place, whether large or small, in this
country. It is not difficult to attain,
once its principles are grasped.

When Furniture Was Made of Papier Mache

(Continued jrom page 38)

both ingenuity and artistic talent, and
soon his decorations for papier mache
in "The Chinese Taste" had become
famous. Till then papier mache had
been treated in Clay's tradition, more
or less, as "a new material for painting
on;" accordingly a copy in oils of some
picture was the accepted form of deco-
ration. A new phase was inaugurated
by Booth's departure from this tradi-
tion; his decorations were frankly
Chinese and conventional. He worked
out these decorations in a kind of
gesso, using gold size mixed with
whitening for the relief — pagodas, tree
stems, bridges, and so on, penciling in
the details with extraordinary delicacy.

The year 1825 was marked by the
introduction of pearl-shell inlay (or ap-
plique) and another and highly im-
portant stage in history of papier
mache had been reached. The proc-
ess was invented by George Souter,
a workman employed by Jennens &
Bettridge, who took out a patent for
it in 1825, and with this the fashion
that had so long a vogue in Great
Britain was fairly launched.

The pearl patches were cut from the
thin laminae of shell and ground down,
from one-hundredth to one-fortieth of
an inch thick. The complete design
was sketched on the surface to be
ornamented, and each patch was
roughly shaped into leaf, flower, bird,
or star, and stuck into position. Then,
with a varnish or "etching ground,"
the ultimate form of each was most
accurately painted on the pearl patches,
and when dry, lightly brushed over
with nitric, or some strong acid. The
result was that the parts which were
not protected with varnish were eaten
away by the acid, and the design was
left perfect and intact.

When each bit of pearl had thus
taken shape and place in the pattern
the whole surface, pearl and all, was
blacked over, and baked till fixed and
firm. Three or four separate coats of
japan were applied, each one being

baked and left till hard before another
was put on. The next step was to
bring the pearl back to light. A flat
pumice stone was dipped in water and
the japanned surface rubbed with it,
always with a circular movement, and
sponged every now and again to see
how things were progressing. Any
scratches were removed with a wet
flannel and rottenstone, and the final
polishing was completed by the bare
hand. Girls with soft palms were em-
ployed in the papier mache works for
that purpose, and were obliged to
wear chamois gloves to preserve their
hands. When this polishing was done
the piece was ready to be finished with
paint and gilding, and varnish con-
cluded the work.

In 1832 the idea of using a naturally
painted group of flowers with the pearl
inlay was introduced by a man named
Edwin Haselar, who had a pretty gift
for flower-painting. He had just finished
his apprenticeship with Jennens &
Bettridge, and in this way he turned
to account his talent and his knowledge
of the papier mache trade.

Tables and tea trays, desks and al-
bums now were put on the market
with a group of flowers and leaves in
natural colors and arrangements,
painted in the center, and bordered
with some light ornamental gold work
and pearl "chips." Natural flower
paintings in connection with papier
mache were at that time unheard of,
and the trade considered the innovation
a very daring one, but it hit the public
taste, and Mr. Edwin Haselar and the
host of imitators who followed were
kept busy with their rose, periwinkle,
lily, auricula, and anemone posies for
the next thirty years.

In 1845 a new way of decorating
papier mache was evolved. The first
subjects chosen to illustrate this new
method were views of cathedrals and
of the "stately homes of England;"
landscapes followed, and by degrees a
(Continued on page 74)

February, 1922

DANERSK EARLY AMERICAN FURNITURE

SO many have told us that if inquirers could
only see our factory it would become the
most powerful force in making friends for
Danersk Furniture!

That is because they have seen the wide variety
of choice schemes worked out for specific set-
tings of individual purchasers. Here also they
see the fine craftsmanship that enters into con-
struction which is not visible in the finished
product, but which nevertheless accounts largely
for the integrity of Danersk Furniture.

Here a little group m Wedgewood blue and
white — there a quaint selection for a dining
room of rare Early American pieces, with Side
Draw Table, Butterfly Serving Table and Cup-
board of the period of 1690.
You must see Danersk Furniture to understand
it, and before you purchase, no matter where
you live, you owe it to yourself and to your
home to find out the interesting possibilities
it presents.

Send for Early American Brochure C-2
ERSKINE-DANFORTH CORPORATION

2 West 47th Street, New York

First Door West of Fifth Avenue — 4th Floor

I1""

the W.lrvm& Forge, me.

hand forced

<*-> Colonial

hardware.

TRADE MARK

The W . Irving

Sconce

No. 1103

For the friend "just
crazy" over new home,
camp or bungalow, what
more fitting, unusual, and
withal more useful gift
than a piece of W. Irving

HAND FORGED HARDWARE.

Lighting Fixtures
Bells Toasting Forks

Knockers Shoe Scrapers
Door Handles Lanterns
Fireplace Sets Stands

Etc.

The W. Irving
Lantern
No. 912

The W . Irving
Sconce
No. 1102

Write us or visit our shop

326-328 east 38«-St. Rew Yorfe Gib:

Telephone fturray mil 8536.

ROOKWOOD

responds to the eternal lure of pottery.

For satisfying gifts call upon our agent
or write to us.

THE ROOKWOOD POTTERY COMPANY

ROOKWOOD PLACE CINCINNATI, OHIO

House & Garden

Iron

Why Screens Wear Out

When you are buying door or window
screens bear these facts in mind —

1. Insect screen cloth made of iron or
steel inevitably rusts quickly along the
bottom of a screen — where moisture
collects- — and soon becomes useless.

2. Insect screen cloth made of alloys of
copper — copper and tin (bronze),
copper and zinc (brass) — is often of
uneven quality and some of the wires
will disintegrate long before the others.
A screen with an opening large
enough to admit flies and mosquitoes
is little better than no screen at all.

3. Insect screen cloth made of pure high
grade copper, produced by the
Roebling process, cannot rust, is of
uniform quality throughout, and is un-
usually stiff and strong. Under like
conditions it will outlast any of the
other metals by many years.

Jersey Copper Screen Cloth is made from
wire which is 99.8 per cent pure copper.
This copper wire is produced in the Roebling
works by the Roebling process. It gives
unequalled service under the most severe
climatic conditions. It is the only screen
cloth which can be expected to last when
used near salt water or in the tropics.

You can obtain Jersey Copper Screen Cloth,
16 mesh (coarser should never be used) in
most of the better grades of custom made
screens, and from hardware and building sup-
ply dealers throughout the country. Man-
ufacturers attach a label which identifies it.

On request we will gladly send you a book-
let entitled "A Matter of Health and Com-
fort' ' . If you are a home owner you should
read it.

JERSEY

(g©(^g(3

Screen Cloth

JERSEY""

THE NEW JERSEY WIRE CLOTH COMPANY

TRENTON

624 SOUTH BROAD STREET

NEW JERSEY

When Furniture Was Made of Papier Mache

(Continued from page 72)

distinctive type of decoration was
evolved, and presently applied to
schemes of a less pictorial character.
The design was worked out principally
in bronze and finished with colors and
gold, and painted with extreme deli-
cacy in oils. The work was distin-
guished by a peculiar translucency,
which was the result of using trans-
parent colors over pure gold and sil-
ver ; skies done in this manner were
considered particularly "natural" and
effective; the imitations of stained
glass windows, too, were much admired.
The pearl-shell inlay is used, but, more
often and originally, the effect de-
pended on the use of transparent pure
color over gold, silver and bronze.

Just about this time (the early and
mid 'fifties) an inferior kind of papier
mache had been put on the markets
to meet the demand for cheapness.
This material was, in fact, little better
than the pulp which preceded Clay's
patent for making the true papier
mache in 1775. Pulp is easily recog-
nized by its uneven surface, due to hard
and insoluble particles in the hetero-
geneous mass of paper from which it
was made. True papier mache was
made from homogeneous sheets of gray
spongy paper; it is distinguished by
levelness of surface and a texture of
inimitable smoothness and gloss. It is
also much harder, heavier, and more
durable than the pulp material which
breaks and bruises easily.

This cheap material greatly facili-
tated the descent of decorated papier
mache; the middle 'fifties saw the be-
ginning of its decline, and by the end
of the 'sixties the glory had departed.

There was a brief revival in the
papier mache trade in 1876. The con-
ventional patterns of half a century
back were looked up, "chaste" formal
decorations in the Grecian, Etruscan,
and Persian styles were adopted. This
final phase is quite unmistakable; there

is less painting and no bright colors;
the pearl shell is cut into regular lengths
and most carefully inlaid. All is re-
strained, correct and emphatically
"neat," and the papier mache fabric
thus decorated is of the finest quality.

Withal, there is something lacking
about most of this latter-day work; it
is, perhaps, too conscientious; the "first
fine careless rapture" has gone from it,
and that which was counted "execrable
taste" in 1856 is, perhaps, more to the
mind of 1922.

Exactly where this decorated papier
mache stands in the history of art is
not a point easily settled. The spell it
exercises may be fitly compared to that
of an old ornate valentine — the scal-
loped edges, the flamboyant curves, the
gilding, the painted posies, and the
"feeling" — all are there. And those
who can see nothing in the valentine
but "sentimental old rubbish" had bet-
ter not try to find much more in papier
mache. Frankly it is for ornament and
not for use, for therein lies its weak
point.

Time does not improve it; the chairs
are better not sat in; the tables are
best when tipped up ; teapots ruin the
trays; pole-screens are wilted by the
fire; ink-stands will not withstand the
ink.

And then what care, what vigilance
are needed to keep its condition up to
the mark; no hand but the lover's
should touch it, the common duster
spells ruin to its beauty, and the creams
that put a shine on mahogany will not
be healthy for the gilded japanning of
papier mache; further, its arrangement
in modern surroundings needs some tact
if it is to look anything but absurd
and pathetic.

To all these drawbacks the collector is
fully alive, yet he will thankfully accept
the Devil's verdict: "It's pretty, but is
it Art?" and go on with his collecting
just the same.

The Care of Furniture

(Continued from page SO)

Painted and decorated furniture has
a certain fragility, and, like French
furniture of the carved and gilded order,
it should be treated respectfully. Be-
yond an occasional touch of oil to re-
fresh the color, little can be done in the
way of preserving its beauty, but with
careful handling and an atmosphere
that is neither damp nor overheated it
should not deteriorate.

A comparatively modern idea is that
of using a fitted sheet of plate glass to
protect the top of a decorative table
which has been turned to practical use.
In this way a painted or inlaid table
can be used, without risk of danger,
for a dressing table, writing table, a
small dining table or sideboard can
have its protective glass cover. The
glass itself needs frequent washing and
constant polishing with a leather to
keep it nice, and scratches should be
guarded against, as there is no cure for
scratched glass. Glass, like linen, is
all the better and clearer it if is well
"blued" in the final washing water.

Old needlework that has been applied
to chairs and sofas should be treated
respectfully, and mended on the spot
at the first sign of wear. Victorian cross-
stitch is sometimes cleaned in situ with
soap and water and a soft brush quite
successfully, but gros-point or petit-
point must on no account have a simi-

lar treatment; here nothing but a dry
brush for dusting is wanted. So long
as the atmosphere is dry tapestry can-
not come to much harm, and valuable
pieces — Aubusson, for instance — should
never be cleaned or repaired without
the advice of an expert. Irreparable
damage has been done to tapestries by
injudicious cleaning.

The high temperature of the average
American steam heated house is re-
sponsible for much of the cracking and
chipping of beautiful old pieces made
on the other side. All woods contain a
certain amount of moisture which dries
up when subjected to the extreme heat
of most of our homes. This causes a
shrinkage of the wood which results in
cracks and is what makes inlay and
veneer curl up and chip off.

The ideal condition for furniture is
the temperature of a spring day when
the humidity averages 50%. In steam
heated rooms the humidity is much
lower, and no furniture made abroad
under very different climatic conditions
can stand this. The pieces may be
rubbed with olive oil occasionally which
prevents some of the disastrous dryness,
but the best thing to do is to keep pans
of water concealed in as many places
as possible, which will help to mitigat:
the dry condition of the air that is the
cause of all the trouble.

February, 1922

BUILD NOW

And let Sargent Hard-
ware add the final touch
of beauty and security to
your home.

Yes, every
detail is
correct "

HOMES that people admire
don't "just happen." You
will usually find that every
detail is the result of careful
planning.

Take hardware for example.
Some folks consider "door-
knobs" a mere incident in build-
ing a house. Others realize
that the hardware can also add
a touch of genuine beauty —
they choose Sargent.

Sargent Hardware is made in
designs to harmonize perfectly
with the architectural and dec-
orative scheme of your home.
Sargent locks give the kind of
security that is so certain that
you cease to think about it.

Write for the Sargent Book
of Designs to discuss with your
architect.

SARGENT & COMPANY

Hardware Manufacturer*
31 Water Street New Haven, Conn.

Protect your home throughout

The Sargent push-
button stop is a con-
venient and exclusive
feature.

Inside as well as outside doors
should be equipped with Sargent
Day and Night Latches. Linen
closets, clothes closets, cellar, at-
tic and other doors should be pro-
tected to make the security of
your home complete.

1 S A R G E N T

LOCKS

AND HARDWARE

£ver lasting

• «

Beauty Without
and Within

The desirable home, the dream home, is built,
decorated, furnished and floored in one harmoni-
ous key throughout. No amount of costly furni-
ture can duplicate for you the quiet elegance and
distinction of Oak Floors.

If you have never built or remodeled you will
probably be agreeably surprised to learn that
Oak Floors cost less, foot for foot, than ordinary
covered floors. Anyone can afford them.

Besides which they give you the utmost in
handsome, durable, sanitary and easy-to-clean
floors — improving with age.

Write for our two free booklets, in colors, on
Oak Floors and their uses. They explain, among
other things, how a special thickness (% of an
inch) can be overlaid on a worn floor at small
cost. Write today — now.

OAK FLOORINGja2££«Pr

1047 Ashland Block, Chicago, 111.

This Irade-mark, the
sign of Quality, I'ni-
formity and Itettpon-

xifiilitu. in stamped on
every stick. Insist

! ' I

K/1

" I'f

House &• Garden

Join the

A. R. S.

The American Rose Society devotes its
time and effort to the study of the Rose as
the universal flower. It has members in
forty-three states and sixteen foreign coun-
tries.

The American Rose Society arranges rose
pilgrimages to famous rose gardens; pro-
motes rose-shows in various parts of the
country; publishes books and bulletins de-
voted to the Queen of Flowers.

For
But

Full Membership Privileges,

$3.00

which for new members joining be-
fore May 1, 1922, will include

A Two-Dollar Rose Coupon,

2.00

This coupon will be accepted as casli
by several of America's foremost rose-
sjrowers in payment for $2 worth of
Rose bushes (or other plants), your
own choice, to be selected from their
1922 catalogs.

The American Rose Annual for
1922

A splendidly illustrated book of 200 pages,
giving interesting stories of Rose progress
and the achievements of American amateur
rose-growers. This book is supplied to mem-
bers only. The 1922 issue will be ready
about March 1.

The Member's Handbook

supplements the Annual with much valuable
information about Roses, and gives a com-
plete list of members so you can find rose-
lovers in your neighborhood. Ready about
September 1, 1922.

A Card of Membership

admitting you free to all Rose shows in
which the Society formally takes part.

Advice from Research Com-
mittee

Members can secure advice from a commit-
tee of Rose experts about varieties, cultiva-
tion, insects, diseases, habits, color, and
other characteristics of all known Roses.

All of these will be given to new members
who join before May i, 1922. Send your
name, address, and check for $3 payable and
directed to

The

American Rose Society

JOHN C. WISTER, Secretary
606 Finance Building, Desk H, Philadelphia, Penna.

The coupon good for $2 worth of Rose bushes (or other plants) and
the Membership Card wil> be sent to you at once. The Rose Annual
and the Handbook will be forwarded as soon as published.

You
Get
All
This

Wandering Tables

(Continued from page 21)

The tale winds back through the cen-
turies and involves us in the old story
of the development of the home of man.
We have referred to the ancients' use
of small tables in their effete existence.
Let us now glance at the Dark Ages in
Europe and see how the home of the
feudal barons began with one Great
Hall for all purposes and both sexes.
It is here that we find the dean of wan-
dering tables. We refer to those great
carved chests used also for table and
bench, into which the feudal lord had
packed his possessions, — tapestries, cabi-
nets of treasures, clothes and what not,
for transportation when fleeing from an
invading enemy or changing from one
of his estates to another. The word

"furniture" originally meant household
articles which could be moved as op-
posed to the fixtures.

As the rooms of the home of man
multiplied so did his household objects
and the table passed into varying
forms for the preparation, serving and
eating of food; assistant at the toilet;
for games; eventually meeting all the
ramifications of life as lived today
even to keeping pace with our rest-
lessness. One can imagine those solid,
stately carved ancestors, the feudal
chests, shaking their heads with dis-
approval at their superficial descen-
dants,— our cherished wandering tables
— veritable ballet dancers for move-
ment!

What Lies Behind the Seed Packet

(Continued from page 55)

of certain crops to just those conditions
| best suited to them. Florida, for in-
B ! stance, raises some 5,000 acres of water-
melons destined never to be eaten, but
merely to provide something like 600,000
pounds of seed, Georgia has more than
500 acres devoted to seed pepper plants,
New Jersey, partly in connection with
its extensive canning activities, gives us
the seed product of 650 acres of toma-
toes. In Michigan 2,300 acres or there-
abouts are annually devoted to radish
seed; Colorado with more than 5,000
acres of vine crops supplies the bulk of
the country's 300 tons of cucumber seed
and its 100 tons of musk melon seed;
Idaho raises seed beans and peas on
more than 40,000 acres; and Washing-
ton with 25,000 acres and Montana with
over 20,000 help to account for the
more than one hundred million pounds
of these two commodities that are
handled each year. A small part of the
eastern half of Long Island shares with
the Puget Sound region the honor of
producing a considerable part of the
cabbage and cauliflower seed planted
throughout the country — and cauli-
flower seed is one of the most particular
and expensive of all.

But it is in California that we find
seed production developed to its most
imposing proportions — California where-
in is raised probably 60 percent of
the flower seed crop of the entire world ;
where nearly 2,000 acres are devoted to
lettuce, 1,200 to radish, more than
2,100 to pumpkin and squash, more than
32,000 to peas and beans, 484 out of the
country's 500 acres of carrot, nearly
2,000 to onion seed and 181 acres to
such a minute seed as that of parsley.
These figures interpreted differently
mean, for instance, 500 tons of lettuce
seed, nearly as much radish seed, and
at least 600 tons each of carrot and
onion seed every year!

In the realm of flowers some 200
acres are planted to asters for seed; 150
acres in the Los Angeles district alone
to more than 50 distinct varieties of
zinnias; and from 250 to 500 acres more
to such miscellaneous sorts as alyssum,
mignonette, stocks, petunia, poppies,
etc. The production of nasturtium
seed — about 100 tons — is probably as
much as the whole of Holland ever pro-
duced even in its palmiest days; and as
to sweet pea seed, already referred to,
the average annual output is sufficient,
in the words of one authority, "to give
every man, woman and child in this
country a 15-foot row in the garden
and still leave a handsome margin of
several hundred tons for export pur-
poses."

Perhaps the most wonderful part of
all this is that California's rise to su-
premacy in the seed growing game has
taken place only within the last twenty-
five, thirty, or at most, fifty years; yet

almost as amazing, in another way, is
the realization that the industry there is
still but in its infancy.

Now how are these vast quantities
of seed distributed to the millions of
gardeners for whom they are raised?
Some seed houses, like some gardeners,
raise their own supplies, in part,
especially when they control some par-
ticular novelty or popular strain.
Others (the smaller firms as a rule)
buy practically their entire stock from
jobbers and wholesalers in bulk, re-
packing it in their own containers. A
third, and probably the largest group,
contracts directly with the operators of
commercial seed farms in different sec-
tions to grow what they need, supply-
ing the stock seed, assuming all re-
sponsibility for its quality and trueness
to type and name, and calling upon the
farmer merely to plant, cultivate, pro-
tect, harvest and thresh or cure the crop.
Especial attention must be given, of
course, to the prevention of the inter-
mixing of varieties, wherefore a farmer
may devote his entire farm to a single
variety of bean, sweet corn, watermelon
or cucumber; or he may, if he manages
a large acreage, divide his land up
checkerboard fashion so that no two
varieties of any one vegetable or flower
will grow side by side. If he is a
specialist working to improve or pro-
pagate a particular sort, or if he is en-
trusted with some firp's recent intro-
duction, he will restrict the extent of
his activities but give his crops the most
exact and meticulous care, screening
every superior plant to prevent cross
fertilization, and watching their progress
day by day and season by season with
fervid but critical anticipation.

You can imagine the amount of work
required in increasing any new seed
stock from perhaps a handful of seeds
from a chosen plant, through gradually
increasing plantings, each of which has
to be carefully examined and "rogued"
or weeded of undesirable specimens,
until sufficient seed is on hand to justify
offering it through the usual trade
channels.

In some important districts economies
are effected by a sort of middleman
supervision system, in which one man,
familiar with local conditions and the
abilities of the neighboring farmers,
will take a dozen or more contracts
from as many seed houses and sublet
them to the farmers of the section at a
slightly lower figure. He is thus able to
supervise the growing of many more
sorts than could safely be concentrated
on one farm; he saves the seed firms
the trouble and expense of keeping in-
spectors in the field and, dealing with
men he knows, he is able to distribute
the different contracts to their, his and
the seed merchant's best advantage —
(Continued on page 78)

February, 1922

\/AWK^

C O

Full directions for plant-
ing and care come with
every Conard Star Rose.
Success assured. They'll
bloom or your money
back.

PREMIER

ROSE

"This celluloid star tag labels your growing rose
and is the sign of our guarantee — two exclusive
C. & J. features."

D BLOOM

S — ' V— ' momv &ack

NATURE'S loveliest gift — roses — will be
yours in abundance if you order Conard
Star Roses. Hardy, field-grown plants, raised
with skill and knowledge gained from over 50
years* experience. Thoroughbred roses of so
high an innate quality that we can safely guar-
antee their bloom.

Our big illustrated catalog of nearly 200 glorious
roses, is yours for the asking. Write for it NOW.

CONARD * ROSES
& JONES CO. Box 126 WEST GROVE, PA.

Robert Pyle, Pres. A. Wintzer, Vicc-Pres.

Rose Specialists — Backedbyovcr SO years' experience

The Crowning Touch

to the Home

It's just a house until you
plant a garden. Then it be-
comes a home — a place where
happiness can be found indoors
or out — a living index to the
character of those who live
within. No wonder real home-
makers give such care to plan-
ning beautiful gardens!

The choice of varieties is made
easy for you by the S. & H.
catalog. S. & H. ornamental
shrubs are carefully selected,
vigorous plants, with abundant
foliage and finely colored bloom.
All seeds listed are taken from
unusually fine strains, proven
by our own trials. S. & H. trees
are preferred by professional
nurserymen and orchardists all
over trie country. Nearly every-
thing you need for your gar-
den is listed.

Be sure to send tonight for
t':is interesting, splendidly
illustrated catalog.

THE STORRS & HARRISON CO.

Nurserymen and Seedsmen
Box 150 Painesville, Ohio

Garden Full

jGladioU

The Gladiolus is one of the most
satisfactory flowers grown and
there is no reason why every fam-
ily cannot enjoy this grand flower
- it is as easy to grow as the
potato.

Bloom from July to frost if you
plant a few bulbs each month from
April to July.

For TWO DOLLARS we will
send 50 Bulbs of our Grand Prize
Mixture, -which covers every con-
ceivable shade in the Gladiolus
kingdom.

Each year we sell thousands of
these bulbs and have received
numerous testimonials as to their
merits.

ORDER YOUR BULBS NOW so as
to have them to plant when you
begin making your garden.

Simple cultural directions in package.

Mail this advertisement, or present at our store, with Check, Money Order,
Cash or Stamps, and secure this splendid collection, sent prepaid to any
point in the U. S. east of the Mississippi. For points West and Canada
add 25c — ($2.25).

\ Our 1922 Spring Seed Annual tent on request.

30-32 Barclay St.,

H. G.

New York City

urpee's
Seeds
Grow

Burpee's Annual

The Leading American Seed Catalog

Burpee's Annual is a complete guide to the vegetable
and flower garden. It is a handsome book of 180 pages
with more than a hundred of the finest vegetables and
flowers illustrated in the colors of nature.

Burpee's Annual tells the plain truth about The Best
Seeds That Grow. If you are interested in gardening
or farming, Burpee's Annual will be mailed to you FREE.

Write for your copy of Burpee's Annual today.
Just tear off the coupon and fill in the space below.

TEAR HERE

W. ATLEE BURPEE CO.

Seed Growers, Philadelphia

Gentlemen :

Please send me a free copy of Burpee's Annual.

9
NAME .

R. D. OR STREET

POSTOFFICE . STATE.

House &• Garden

What Lies Behind the Seed Packet

(Continued from page 76)

not to mention that of the consumer. Rather it is on the basis of that in-
Of course, in comparison with the dustry's significance as the original
total numbers of farmers, farms, tilled source of a large proportion of the
acres and tons or bushels of produce country's food-stuffs and of the no less
that make up the nation's agriculture, important joys and pleasures that only
seed growing activities represent but a growing flowers can supply. So judged,
small proposition. Yet it is not by the the seed trade of America is well de-
mere number of seed growers and the serving of our admiration, our full sup-
amounts of seed they raise that the in- port and our pride in its splendid
dustry should be measured and judged, achievements.

An American Worker in the Crafts

(Continued from page 29)

A walnut door designed by Miss Zimmerman.
She was not only designer, but carpenter and
craftsman for the wrought iron hinges and latch

a low bronze bowl in a gorgeous blue
patine resting on a wrought iron stand-
ard and tall bronze candlesticks also
with a blue patine; the twisted stems
above the bobeche, wrought iron flower
petals hold candles that are two feet tall.
The effect is rare and extremely in-
teresting.

Her copper flower dishes are perhaps
her most original achievement in dec-
orative metal. We are showing one
beautiful model on a wrought iron
pedestal finished with old Roman pat-
ine, green, gold and silver. A copper
flower holder on a marble slab is another
design of great beauty. The patine is
also a Roman patine and the pendant
in front a soft green jade. One of
the most interesting of these flower
bowls is as though a great lily were
pressed together on two sides and ex-
tending widely across the wrought iron
standard. The patine is a curious dark
blue, broken with silver. Filled with
violets and a single orchid, a color
scheme of almost unimaginable beauty
would be achieved.

A. cigarette box with an old Roman
patine, green and gold, is a real accom-
plishment in artistry. The pedestal is
very simple in wrought iron and the
handle of the lid of the box is a dolphin
of cornelian agate which is beautifully
carved.

A collection of fans which Miss Zim-
merman showed in her exhibition at
the Ehrich Galleries in December is

perhaps the most unique development
in the art of fan-making since the days
of Watteau, Lancret, Vernis Martin and
Carracci ; but so remote from these
fragile bits of lace and carved ivory
with delicate painting that they be-
come at once a symbol of our kind
of civilization and our sense of beauty.
Miss Zimmerman, first of all in making
a collection of fans, has beautiful flat
ostrich feathers sent to her in every
variety of brilliant colors and delicate
shades. From these she combines a
dozen or more color schemes in in-
teresting and quite unique tones. These
are placed together in ways to accent
the beauty of the color of the feathers
and then beautiful handles are arrang-
ed. Sometimes a complete handle
would be taken from an old Syrian
narghile, or a bit of jade would be
combined with modern semi-precious
stones and beautifully wrought gold,
or the ornament of an old Chinese
jewel box may be introduced with
carved white crystal and opals.

In addition to jewelry of distinct
originality, of rich fantasy and per-
manent beauty, there is almost no in-
teresting small art object that Miss
Zimmerman has not worked out in
some delicate or splendid arrangement
through the channels of her own imag-
ination, from elaborate cigarette hold-
ers in amber or jade or crystal to
finely wrought gold spurs inset with
jewels.

February, 1922

Kunderd's Wonderful
New Ruffled Gladioli

are now well known as the best in the world. You cannot
afford to do without them in your garden next summer. No
other grower has ever produced anything to compare with
these marvelous new types and colors.

Send for Free 56-page Catalog

illustrating 19 of these new Gladioli in natural colors and
many others in halftone. Most complete cultural informa-
tion is given, with special directions for growing show
flowers. The most beautiful and instructive Gladiolus
catalogue ever issued.

A. E. Kunderd, Box 2, Goshen, Indiana, U. S. A.
The Originator of the Ruffled Gladiolus

The man with the
wheel hoe

Planet Jr. garden tools have made
home gardening possible and popular.
They have changed irksome drudgery
' into a healthy, outdoor pastime in
•V which the whole family shares. A
few minutes a day, walking in a
natural position with a Planet Jr., will
keep your garden free from weeds.

Know the summer-long satisfaction

— and economy — of fresh, crisp, tender vegetables for your table.
Put in as big a garden as you want. Planet Jr. will keep it fresh
and growing. Get a new idea of how really good garden "sass"
can be when it comes straight to your kitchen from your own
garden.

For the large home garden one of the most popular tools is the
Planet Jr. No. 4 Combined Hill and Drill Seeder, Single Wheel
Hoe, Cultivator and Plow. It will plant in hills or continuous
rows accurately in a perfect line, and will do the cultivating
right through the season.

Write for the complete Planet Jr. catalog
shou'ing the many Planet Jr. seeders and
wheel hoes with illustrations of hvw the
different implements and attachments -work.

S. L. Allen & Co., Inc.

Dept. 34

5th & Glenwood Ave.
Philadelphia

Planet Jr.

Plan now to make your garden the prize
garden of your neighborhood. Send for
Beckert's Catalog of Seeds, Bulbs and Gar-
den Supplies for 1922, full of information
on the selection, planting and cultivation of
Vegetables and Flowers.

Beckert's Seeds have for nearly fifty years
been the choice of a host of highly success-
ful professional gardeners and florists. Buy
your seeds where experts buy them.

With Beckert's Seeds you
will get more pleasure and
bigger profits from your 1Q^
garden, be it large or small. J\C

Richly illustrated
catalog, free
for the asking

Beckert's Seed Store

Dep'tH.
101-103 Federal St.

Pittsburgh, Pa.

House & Garden

WHAT YOU CAN
DO IN FEBRUARY

A Personal Message jrom Henry Hicks

FEBRUARY is the ideal time to
make plans for the improvement
of your landscape and garden.
Before the rush of Spring work
and Spring gardening begins is the
best time to order the trees, shrubs
and other stock needed to achieve
your ideals.

As you sit by the open fireplace
during these long winter evenings,
you can insure your dreams coming
true, if you but dream to achieve
some of the ideas suggested in our
"Book of Ideas". We call it the
Commuters' Edition of "Home Land-
scapes". It will be sent on re-
quest to readers of House & Garden.
There is no time like February to
take definite steps to achieve im-
provements. With the suggestion
and inspiration of our book and the
help we can give you by supplying
the finest quality stock, we actually
make it easy for you to achieve your
ambitions.

WE WILL HELP YOU MAKE

YOUR DREAM GARDEN

COME TRUE

The stock we grow at Hicks Nur-
series is grown right, and it will con-
tinue to grow right for you. It will
produce the effects it should. In
other words, it is dependable stock.
Whether you want small evergreens
for planting around the house foun-
dation, large ones to be used as
wind-breaks and to create cosy
nooks" for year-round joy, you can
depend on Hicks Nurseries supplying
you satisfactorily.

Berried shrubs will make your
grounds gay with blossoms in early
Spring and bright with colored fruits
in Winter. Berried shrubs attract
birds. Birds combat injurious in-
sects. Thus berried shrubs are in-
surance against many forms of pests.
We have maples and other shade
trees to give you comfort on hot
Summer days, climbing roses for
arbor and porch trellis, fruit trees
or any other green and growing
thing known to delightful home
grounds, the Hicks Nurseries stand
ready to supply it.

We specialize in plants that will
create an immediate effect. We give
special care to the cultivation of
trees and have some from ten to
forty feet high which we can trans-
plant to your grounds. This is a
new development in American horti-
culture and we are the first to
practice it successfully. Full fledged
landscapes the first season after
planting, are readily accomplished
with this fine stock.

Send us a photograph or sketch
of your grounds, telling us what
effect you would like, and we will
study your problem and work out its
solution. Much actual planting can
be done right now by our specialists.
This is an added incentive to bring
your gardening musings to a focus
in this month of February.

Shrubs, vines and climbing roses
are the economical, intimate elements
of your home landscape. No matter
how bare and new, or old and over-
crowded your grounds may be, the
Hicks catalog will help you. The
Commuters' Edition illustrated with
pastels by Miss Mary Helen Carlisle,
has descriptions telling how to make
small gardens. You can understand it.

Time saving trees are what you
should select in February. Fre-
quently you can plant them in Feb-
ruary, for they are dug with big
balls of earth and the ground rarely
freezes deeply on Long Island. You
can save 5 to 25 years by purchasing
your trees of Hicks Nurseries. You
can see why they are guaranteed to
grow satisfactorily because they are
trained and dug right.

VISIT OUR NURSERIES

We welcome your visits to our
nurseries. Come and see the Holly,
nibble the sweet Silver Thorn and
the sour highbush cranberry. Pick
a Winter bouquet of Holly, Leucothce.
Laurel, Fir and many other ever-
greens for your winter garden. Col-
lect mossy stones and stumps for
your naturalistic garden.

Send us photographs or sketch,
tell us what you want to "do, what
you want to accomplish this year
and we will try to help you.
_ If you love a plant, you can make
it live any time.

( Signed) Henry Hicks.

HICKS NURSERIES

BoxH, Westbury, Long Island
New York

Please mention House & Garden In writing.

Dodson

Bird
Houses

lam making hirdhousei for
JFOU because of yean of ex-
perience in building houses
that would attract the birdt
to m/ own home and to

"7-

President American

Audubon Association

Wren House, solid oak,
cypress shingles, copper
coping. 4 compartments,
18 inches high, iSinches
dia. Price $6.00.

And the birds can help you-

Now is the time to make plans for the birds coming back.
These feathered friends save trees and shrubs and plants from
thousands of insect pests. You need them. Of course everyone
loves the birds — you want to make them neighbors, year after
year. That is what Dodson Bird Houses do.

Birds are strangely particular. A lifetime's study has made
Mr. Dodson authoritative on both Bird Houses and birds. His
houses are all many times proven.

Write Mr. Dodson about the growing things on your place,
and the birds you can attract. He knows all vicinities. He
is helping everywhere. Some of the most beautiful places in
America, and some of the most modest, owe the blessings and
beauty of the birds to Dodson Bird Houses.

JOSEPH H. DODSON, Inc.

731 HARRISON AVENUE KANK.AKEE, ILLINOIS

Purple Martin House
cottage style 28 compart-
ments, 31x27 in. Price
$16.00. Other styles up
to $78.00.

Automatic Sheltered Feeding Table
— operates like a weather vane, al-
ways a shelter against the wind
with S-ft. pole, size Z4\zzxi2. Price
$7. 50. With copper roof $10.00.

FREE

Mr. Dodson's fascinating
booklet ,"YourBird Friends
and How to Win Them,"
with all the styles of Bird
Houses and Mr. Dodson's
valuable suggestions. A
colored bird picture suit-
able for framing will also
be sent free.

Dodson Sparrow trap guaranteed to rid your premises of this noisy, quarrelsome pest, $8.00.

LONEYS

'Shrubs, Ornamentals,
Vines and&ruitdrees.

These fast growing, healthy plants with the wonderfully developed root
systems which enable you to quickly add beauty, dignity and charm to
your lawn and garden are grown in our Upland Nursery, the largest In
New York State, under ideal climate conditions. Guaranteed to give
absolute satisfaction and sold to you at cost plus one profit only.
We give our personal attention to every step in the production of our stock
from budding to shipping, and know just what we are sending you and that
our varieties bear and bloom true to name.

Send today for our free descriptive catalogue, the illustrations and accurate
descriptions in which will enable you to select the planting which just meets
your individual needs.

\Ve prepay transportation charges on all orders for over $7.50

Maloney Bros. & Wells Co., 5 State Street, DansvHle, N. Y.

TOWNSEND'S TRIPLEX

Floats over the

uneven ground as

a ship rides the

waves

The Greatest Grass-
Cutter on earth.

Send for catalog illustrating all types of Townsend Lawn Mower*

s. p. TOWNSEND & co. "

World's

Best
Dahlias

Send for the
Leading Catalog

Peacock

Dahlia

Farms

BERLIN
NEW JERSEY

Water - Lilies
In Your Garden?

You can enjoy them this
season. You don't have to
wait, for they bloom the
first summer. All you need
besides the plants is a water-
tight tub or half-barrel with
a little soil and water.

A Good Lily
For Tub Culture

$1.50

William Doogue has large
cup - shaped flowers, bright
pink, with a pleasing fra-
grance; a garden in itself.

Send for our catalog. Learn
more about the fascinations of
Lily culture. Besides a catalog
of varieties, the book contains
cultural directions and many il-
lustrations. You'll be interested
if you like flowers; send today.

Independence
Nurseries

BoxH
Independence, Ohio

February, 1922

Bobbink & Atkins

Ask for

Catalog

Worlds
Choicest
rserySGr

o ducts

Visit
Nursery

Ask for ROSES Catalog

LILACS

EVERGREENS

RHODODENDRONS

TREES AND SHRUBS

ROCK GARDEN PLANTS

OLD-FASHIONED FLOWERS

FRUIT TREES AND BUSHES

OUR GIANT-FLOWERING MARSHMALLOW

Japanese Yew

The Hedge Plant of the Future
and

Evergreen for Everywhere

Ask for special pamphlets

We grow Nursery Products to complete
Plantings of any Magnitude.

Nurserymen & Florists

Rutherford New Jersey

A Moderate Priced Power Mower
for Medium. Sized Lawns

Here is a Power Lawn Mower that will be
welcomed by thousands of home owners who
have large lawns to care for.
We call it the Ideal "'Junior." It is a ma-
chine that fulfills a greater need than any
power mower ever built. It is surprisingly
moderate in price, absolutely dependable,
easy to handle, and costs but a few cents per
day to operate. It is a simple mower that
anyone can run with splendid results.
In general principle, the Ideal Junior, is ex-
actly the same as the larger Ideal Power Lawn
Mower which is giving universal satisfaction
upon thousands of the best-kept lawns in the
country. It is smaller and lighter in weight,
having a 22-inch cut. It will mow from 3 to
4 acres of grass per day. Just the machine
to use when there is too much grass to eco-
nomically cut with hand mower, yet where
the lawn is hardly large enough to warrant
the purchase of a larger power mower.
Also used by golf clubs for work on putting
greens, and by parks and cemeteries for close
cutting, trimming around shrubbery and as an
auxiliary unit to the larger power mowers.

The Ideal Power Mower for Large Lawns

For larger lawns the standard Ideal I'ower Lawn
Mower has no equal. It cuts from 5 to 6 acres of
grass per day, doing the work of 6 or 7 men. There
are thousands of these machines in use on private
estates, public parks, golf courses, college grounds,
industrial grounds, cemeteries, etc.

For Large Parks and Golf Courses

For large parks and coif courses we build the Ideal
Triples Power Mower which cuts from 25 to 30 acres
of grass per day.

Ideal Power Lawn Mower Co.

R. E. OLDS, Chairman
403 Kalamazoo St., Lansing, Mich.
World's Largest Builders of Power
Lawn Mowers.

CHICAGO, ILL. 11 E. Harrison St.
NEW YORK, N. Y. 270 West St.

Power
Lawn Mowers

The Ideal rolls at it cuts.
Kerps the god smooth and firm.
Above — 30" Ideal Mower.
Below — The Ideal Junior.

ORE

RDEN
OOK

Is a reliable
guide to
Vegetable and
Flower cul-
ture that no
amateur or
professional
gardener can
afford to be
without.

The EIGHTY-FOURTH edition is larger and
more complete than ever. It shows in eight
color plates some of the DREER SPECIAL-
TIES and its 224 large pages give photographic
illustrations of many of the varieties listed, be-
sides complete cultural directions for successful
growing. It offers the best Vegetable and Flower
Seeds; Lawn Grass and Agricultural Seeds;
Garden Requisites ; Plants of all kinds, including
the newest Roses, Dahlias, Hardy Perennials, etc.

A copy mailed free if yon mention this publication.

HENRY A. DREER

7 1 4-7 1 6 Chestnut St.

Philadelphia, Pa.

RESTFUL

It may be only a modest place, yet radiate a warmth of
repose in comparison with which even the most elabo-
rate establishment seems cold, austere, uninviting. And
all because its surrounding Shrubs and Trees have been
properly selected!

NOW is the time to plan for Spring improvements.
Let us help you ! Send for our handsome free Book,
"Beautiful Home Surroundings."

. . «-.r_. -. r- — **;-;.- 'J.
>

House & Garden

r/T
'Ul

j^^/ i

Giant Everbearing

Red Raspberry

Natural size
of Berry

Big, Juicy, Sweet Berries
from June until November

LA FRANCE is beyond
question the king of
all raspberries — a proven
variety for American gardens.

It is endorsed by the leading horticul-
turists and berry growers. It produces
firm, luscious, wonderfully flavored
berries with few seeds — almost
twice the size of other varieties.

Best in Size, Taste and
Productiveness

It will survive the bitter winter
weather, is seldom troubled by in-
sects or disease, and it has large
strong canes carrying so few thorns
that gathering the fruit is easy and
comfortable.

The plants we send out will bear fruit

the first season planted, and they

multiply rapidly.

Awards

Medals and first-class

certificates by the
Massachusetts Horti-
cultural Society; Horticultural Society
of New York; American Institute of
Science, and other leading agricultural
and horticultural bodies.

This famous raspberry, ac-
knowledged to be the finest
under cultivation today, is
now available in sufficient
quantity to permit us, as
originators, to offer it at a
more favorable price.
Strong, field-grown bear-
ing plants $6.00 per dozen,
$49.00 per hundred.

No less than a dozen, nor more than a
hundred plants sold to any one person.
Safe delivery guaranteed in proper time
for planting, if ordered now.

Grown in the
Gardens of:

Thomas
Lawson,

Egypt, Mass.

J. P. Morgan,

Glen Cove,
N. Y.

J. D. Rocke-
feller,

Pocantico
Hills. N. Y.

Wm. Rocke-
feller,

Scarsdale,
N. Y.

W. W. Astor,

Newport,
R. I.

P.S. DuPont,

Wilmington,
Del.

C.M.Schwab,

Loretto, Pa.

Henry Ford,

Dearborn,
Mich.

J. J. Hill
Estate,

Lake Geneva,
Wise.

And others
who demand
the World's
best.

JOHN S. SCHEEPERS,J5?c

522, ttfth jive Newark City

The flower day begins with the

morning-glory, whose delicate,

exquisite blossoms open as early

as four o'clock

An hour later, at five o'clock, the

poppy flowers unfold, punctual

almost to the minute. One might

even tell the time from them

THE CLOCK of GARDEN FLOWERS

THERE are plants which flower
early in the morning, and there
are plants that flower late in the
afternoon. Some of them are so sen-
sitive to the life-giving rays of the sun
that, whenever a cloud veils it from
sight for a short time, they close their
delicate and gayly colored crowns.
Others are real night owls, jealously
protecting their flowers from the least
ray of light and beginning to open
them only when dusk of darkness be-
gins to fall.

The sun, undoubtedly, is a great fac-
tor in the opening and closing of the
flowers, but heat is not without its in-
fluence in this direction ; under normal
conditions, both are equally important.
It is the heat rays which produce an
elongation of the cells, and it is the
light rays which are changed to heat
rays within the plant.

But such a simple explanation is not
sufficient: plants are organisms which
have not only become accustomed to
their environment, but have adapted it
to their own requirements so that flow-
ers often close at definite periods of the
day. When the sun is in its meridian
and the heat is greatest, very few are
the plants which open their blossoms —
by far the greater majority close them
at this particular time. When the sun
begins to decline, other flowers com-

mence to open their corollas and this
continues until darkness has set in. Here
the flowering period has been adapted
to the flying time of various nocturnal
insects. The day flowerers have ac-
customed themselves to the bees, their
relations, and other insects which fer-
tilize the flower by bringing the pollen
of one blossom to the stygma of an-
other plant of the same species.

As long as a plant keeps its flowers
closed it rests or sleeps. Under this con-
dition it receives certain advantages.
Why should the flower open or even
remain so when the insect species which
is essential for pollination does not fly?
That this sleep of the plant is compar-
able to the sleep of animals, which re-
quire rest, is hardly possible. The simi-
larity is only an apparent one. In a
way it is mysterious that, on a sunny
day, various species of flowers open or
close at definite times.

The span of life of a flower differs
with the species and lies between large
bounds. Some live only a few hours,
usually from morning to noon or from
afternoon to night. Others last a few
days. The wild rose lives two days,
woodbine (Lonicera caprifolium) three,
foxglove (Digitalis purpurea) six, Alpine
violet (Cyclamen) ten, and the crocus
lives twelve days. Flowers with a large
(Continued on page 86)

By eight o'clock the sun has drawn apart the petals of

the spicily fragrant grass pinks which edge the perennial

border

February, 1922

Dogwood
Should Be
Planted

At the very first sign of spring — just as
soon as the earth begins to loosen. And
for perfect results they should be planted
while still dormant, so that they may be
thoroughly acclimated right from the
first bloom.

We advise that you order your dogwoods
now, for shipment about March 15th. By
doing so you insure the best selection
of stock, and an early planting. This
Is of great importance.

As an added inducement for you to order
now (for later delivery) we have ar-
ranged the following special prices.

White Dogwood

2 to 3 ft $ .65 Each or $ 6.50 per Doz.

3 to 4 ft 95 Each or 9.50 per Doz.

4 to 5 ft 1.25 Each or 12.50 per Doz.

5 to 6 ft 1.50 Each or 15.00 per Doz.

6 to 8 ft 1.75 Each or 17.50 per Doz.

Pink Dogwood

2 to 3 ft $1.25 Each or $12 50 per Doz.

3 to 4 ft 2.25 Each or 22.50 per Doz.

4 to 5 ft 2.75 Each or 27.50 per Doz.

5 to 6 ft 3.00 Each or 30.00 per Doz.

6 to 8 ft 3.50 Each or 35.00 per Doz.

On request, our service department will be de-
lighted to inform you just how to proceed in
getting the maximum results with them, or for
that matter, with any other gardening problem
which may require expert knowledge. A request
for this co-operation entails no obligations
whatsoever.

Our booklet "Suggestions For Spring Plant-
ing" sent on request.

"Successful for over a century"

AMERICAN NURSERIES

H. EDWARD HOLDEN, General Manager
Singer Building, New York

The Green
Velvety Lawn

That you desire next summer
must be fed now. Cover your
grass with a liberal coat of

Our Specially Prepared

Cut TOBACCO Stems

Conceded by experts to be the
ideal grass food. Contains
no weed seed or insect pests.
Easily handled. No objec-
tionable odor. Will not burn
your lawn, keeps away ants,
moles, worms, etc.

NOW is the time to apply
these stems — Put them on top of
the snow — The succeeding snows
and rains will leach out the pot-
ash nitrogen and phosphoric acid
— Feeding the roots of the grass.
100 Ibs. covers 200-300 square
feet.

100 Ibs., $2—2000 Ibs., $25.

Our specially prepared Cut
Tobacco Stems are a wonderful
fertilizer for your garden next
spring.

Write to-day for special leaflet
explaining the value of our prod-
ucts to gardening either indoors
or out.

Lancaster
Tobacco Products Co.

220 Fulton Street
Lancaster Pennsylvania

A NURSERY CATALOG

of Unusual Helpfulness

That is what folks say of Green's
Nursery Catalog.

A Catalog that is a Text Book

Helpful information about fruit cul-
ture, written by Charles A. Green, makes
our catalog one of the most valuable
for intending planters. Instructions on
planting and care of fruit trees and de-
scriptions of varieties written in such a manner as assist
judgment. It will be sent with our compliments to readers
of House & Garden. The 1922 issue will be even better
than its predecessors. You should have it at hand as a guide
in planning your garden activities for 1922.

Fruit Specialists Since 1881

From one end of the country to the other
the nursery stock of Charles A. Green is
famous for its hardiness. Northern grown,
vigorous and well-formed trees. flxperi-
enced planters who have seen our big fields
of fruit trees have said that they were the
best in the country. Not only are they
large vigorous trees full of vitality, but
they have come from buds of trees now
bearing fruit at Green's Fruit Farm. Thus
they can be relied upon to be absolutely
true to -name, which is one of the most im-
portant things in connection with tree grow-
ing. Mr. C. A. Green's assistants of long
experience have learned how to dig, pack and ship trees so that
they will reach their destination in the best possible condition.

GREEN'S NURSERY COMPANY

132-112 Green St.,

Rochester, N. Y.

"PLANTS THAT KEEP FAITH

FOR REAL SUCCESS

A dependable stock of superior small fruit plants selected from the
famous collection of the country's foremost specialist in berry culture.

Supremely Tasteful Strawberries Large, Luscious Raspberries,

Giant Meaty Blackberries Gooseberries and Currants

Splendid Heavily Rooted Grapes

These and a complete stock of garden roots, fruit trees, roses, hardy
perennials and other ornamental plants are listed in a fine new catalogue,
No. 104, which Is sent for the asking. Free advice by a berry expert to
all who are interested.

J. T. LOVETT, BOX 152, LITTLE SILVER, N. J.

For 44 Years a Specialist in Berry Culture

Planting plans for
garden and grounds

Not a book — but specially prepared plans to
meet your requirements. Made by one who knows
plants through life-long experience. They enable
you to do little or much at a given time. Artistic
plans — they have that quality, also.

A visit to your grounds may not be necessary.

Write for details of our proposition stating size
and condition of your grounds. Address

6740 Chew Street, Germantown, Philadelphia, Pa.

A Complete
Vegetable
Seed Collection

FOR COUNTRY
ESTATES

One of the principal joys of
owning a country home is
having delicious fresh veg-
etables and crispy salads,
right out of the garden,
every day, all Summer long.
Here is our complete vegetable
collection for country estates for
only $2.50. Enough to set out a
garden of 1500 square feet, and all
the finest varieties of our best strains.

MONEY-BACK GUARANTEE
Salzer Seeds are the best garden
seeds to buy. They are sold on a
money-back guarantee. We main-
tain at Cliffwood Farms a corps of
many experts, all under the direction
of a European garden specialist, who
are constantly proving and bettering
the strains of our seeds. Here we
have developed some of the most
famous varieties of vegetable and
flower types known to horticultur-
ists.

ALL NORTHERN GROWN
Salzer Seeds are all Northern grown,
hence hardier and less subject to the
danger of frost.

Our $2.50 Cliffwood vegetable col-
lection will provide an abundant va-
riety for your table, and all of the
earliest and choicest strains. This
big collection actually represents a
much greater value, but we offer it
to you to introduce you to the high
quality of Salzer Seeds.

Write for Catalog

When ordering
the $2.50 Cliff-
wood vegetable
collection, don't :
fail to ask for I
our new 1922 {
catalog. It
the biggest and j
ha ndso mest ;
seed book we *
have ever is- /
sued and in- ;•
eludes every-
thing for the |
country es- \~
tate, includ-
ing vege-
tables, flowers, field
seeds, grasses, ornamental
plants, etc. This beautiful, 134-page book
will be sent FREE on request.

John A. Salzer Seed Co.,

Established 1868

SOW-SALZER'S-SEEDS

House & Garden

COMPREHENSIVE

DIGEST OF
HORTICULTURE

The

Gardeners'

Chronicle

Has been well described by
one of its readers in the fol-
lowing letter :

"I have for :\ long time wanted a
broad, cumprehcnsve digest of horticul-
ture in general nnd truly imagine that
the Gardeners' Chronicle win fill the
hill I have the honor of being presi-
dent of the Garden Club."

— Mrs. W. L. C., Lexington, Ky.

The Literary" Digest of the
gardening world.

This beautifully illustrated
m o n t h 1 y magazine selects
from all gardening publica-
tions the world over the most
practical and helpful infor-
mation for the garden lovers
in America. It also contains
each month several timely
articles by leaders in horticul-
tural thought. Thus it at
once furnishes a digest of the
latest information on the sub-
ject and is authentic and
practical.

"I am not a gardener, hut employ
two, and subscribe to your paper.
Always find something instructive and
interesting in it. Your selecting arti-
cles fnmi other papers is a good idea,
for then your readers seldom miss a
good thing." — /('. C. E., Highland
Park, III.

It interprets the new ten-
dencies, points out the new
creations of flower and plant
life, talks on landscape de-
signs and has very interest-
ing departments bound to be
of immense assistance to
either the beginner or the
advanced garden lover.

^ "I think the last number of the
Chronicle is excellent and I am recom-
mending it to everyone as being the
best purely gardening paper." — Miss
H. L.. New York City.

Its "Questions and
Answers" department is con-
ducted with both clearness of
advice and authority. Sub-
scribers are privileged to sub-
mit their garden problems
for help from the staff of
contributors.

"The two issues of the Gardeners'
( hronicle I have read very carefully,
and I came to the conclusion that the
i.ardeners Chronicle is just the thing
an amateur will both enjoy and appre-
ciate."— A. S. S., Detroit, Mich.

SUBSCRIPTION PRICE $2.00 A
YEAR. Send $2.00 now and your
subscription will begin with the Jan-
uary issue. Canadian Subscription
$2.15.

Gardeners' Chronicle

of America

(Now in its 25th volume)

286 Fifth Avenue New York

Please mention House & Garden

OF all of the gardens that have been planned and made, a gar-
den of hardy perennials gives the most real, deep-down satis-
faction and joy. Radiant Peonies, gorgeous Irises, Phlox,
Delphiniums, Digitalis. Acquilegias, and a host of others, make
up the succession of flowers in such a garden.

Spring-Time is Planting-Time

Besides the multitude of perennials, we have here at Wyomissing
the old-time favorite shrubs and a score of the new introductions
— Lemoine's Deutzias, Philadelphia, rare evergreens for special
purposes, rock plants, and many other things that will give charac-
ter to your garden the first season. Most of these plants, and many
shrubs, can be shipped and planted safely in spring.

Farr's Hardy Plant Specialties

(Seventh edition) classifies the finest varieties of landscape-making ma-
terial. It is really a comprehensive text book, and will be of value to
amateurs and experts who delight in hardy plants and flowering shrubs
The book is too valuable for promiscuous distribution, but will be mailed to
anv address fat $1, which sum will be credited on your first order amount-
ing to $10.

BERTRAND H. FARR

Wyomissing Nurseries Company
106 GARFIELD AVE., WYOMISSING, Penna.

Before Doing Your Spring Planting

See Huntington's Prices

Quality as usual — Service: the same
Prices greatly reduced

Largest list of gladioli in America

Finest annual seeds ; perennial plants, separate list of
perennial seeds, — over 200 varieties. Write for catalog.

Ralph E. Hun ting ton

Painesville Ohi

The Wonderful Paul's Scarlet Climber

Vivid scarlet, slightly crimson, it makes a
brilliant display for a long time. A strong
grower, free from mildew, diseases and insects.
By cutting back it can be made a beautiful bush
rose. Plants from 2%" pots, 30c, 4 for $1.00,
postpaid. 2 year old plants, 90c each, $9.00 per
dozen; large specimen plants, $1.50 each. By
express, with soil on roots. Plants on their
own roots.

Our "New Guide to Rose Culture"
for 1922. It's FREE

Illustrates wonderful "Dinpee Roses" in natural colors.
The lifetime experience of the Oldest and Leading Rose
Growers In America. Offers 500 varieties Rosea and other
plants, bulbs and seeds and tells how to grow them.
Edition limited.

THE DINGEE & CONARD CO. Box

West Grove, Pa.

GRAPES

From Your Own Garden

CAN'T you picture them — their rich,
fruity fragrance, the velvety bloom
of some and the pearl-like luster of
others, the fullness of their unmarred
clusters? Can't you taste their aro-
matic sweetness, pleasantly refreshing
and stimulating as only home-grown
fruit can be?

You can have such grapes, right on
your own table, from your own trellis
or arbor. Their vines need not occupy
much space, nor will they call for
special soil or expert care. If you
make a selection from this list, your
satisfaction will be assured.

Luclle — The handsomest bunch of all
grapes. Berries large, compact. Skin thin
but tough, making it a good shipper and
keeper. Exceedingly productive. Fine for
jelly. $1.50 each.

B LAC K : . Concord — America's most popular
grape. Excellent flavor, hardy, healthy and
splendid for the table or juice. Ripens in
midseuson. $1.00 each.

Campbell's Early — Flesh pulpy and tender,
sugary and aromatic flavor. Enormous
bunch and berry and a good keeper.
Ripens early. $1.50 each.

WHITE: Niagara — The standard white
Ri-apf. Very large, handsome clusters. Flesh
firm and juicy, flavor of the best. Extremely
productive. Mere words will not do justice
to this grape. Try some for yourself. $1.25.

These prices are for extra, selected,
three-year-old roots delivered to your
door. Vines that will bear fruit in the
shortest possible time after planting.
Order now and we will send them in
the spring at the proper planting time.

T. S. HUBBARD COMPANY

Grape Vine Specialists

Box No. 35 Fredonia, N. Y.

THIS SPRING

Attract
The Birds

Add the color,
the life and the
song of Birds to
the surroundings
of your home.

THE REIBER
METHOD

of "Attracting
Birds" is explained
in booklet form and
will be gladly sent
you for the asking.

Reiber Bird Reserve

West Webster,

N.Y.

February, 1922

OorlA

proverbial charm of English
gardens is due to a great exten
to the remarkable vigor of English
seed and the purity of the strains
This outstanding superiority is pres-
ent to a marked extent in American
gardens when planted with Sutton"
Seeds.

In England, we raise the breeding
of plants and the selection of seed
to the dignity of an art. Superlative
quality is our only standard; first in
growing flowers and vegetables oi
unusual excellence, and finally in
selecting seed from perfect speci-
mens only.

Our catalog, as unusual in its
way, as Button's Seeds, will be
sent for 35c. This will be
credited on first order of $8.00
or over.

Only 28 days required from
date of your order for catalog
or seeds to reach you, as we
mail promptly. But you should
lose no time in ordering the
catalog.

Royal Seed Establishment
READING, ENGLAND

The Seed Business wit/, a Record of 115 Years

Rock Gardens

We specialize in the planning, and
creation of Rock Gardens, Rock Walls
and all forms of Alpine Plantings.

Choice and Rare Hardy Plants

Our Specialty

Our circular is very interesting

and helpful. Sent on request.

Consultation by appointment.

WOLCOTT NURSERIES

CLINTON ROAD

JACKSON

MICHIGAN

ESTABLISHED .810

Cretan Jar No. 275
Send to cents in stamps for catalogue

FOR
GARDEN &, INTERIOR

Interesting pottery will add charm to
your garden and home. You may
select from a pleasing variety of Bird
Baths, Fonts, Flower Pots, Vases,
Boxes, Benches, Sun Dials, Gazing
Globes, etc. Made in strong, frost-
proof light stony gray Terra Cotta
and red, or in special colors on order.

GABOWXfTERRA G5TTA Gt>.

3218 WALNUT ST. PHILADELPHIA.

A MOTO-MOWER

For Only $175.00

WE announce a new model 24-inch mower — exactly
the same simple, durable construction as our
larger, more expensive machines, for the remarkably
low price of $175.00.

It is a well designed, carefully constructed machine —
the simplest mower on the market — only eleven moving
parts — about one-third as many as the average power
mower — and weighs only 160 pounds —
about half as much as other mowers of
similar capacity. Built by an old, well
established concern.

Used in New York City parks and by
hundreds of other cities, estate owners
and institutions throughout the country.
Send us the dimensions of your grass
areas, and we will give you an estimate
of what your cutting cost and time should
be, and the savings you could expect, to-
gether with an interesting book about the
Moto-Mower.

Large Model, 27-inch Moto-
Mower — • Price Complete, $210.

The Moto-Mower Company

3242 East Woodbridge Street,
Detroit, Mich.

Distinctive Landscape Designs

ONE of the most gratifying
features of B. F. Barr & Com-
pany's service is the Land-
scape Architectural Division. Its
corps of experts are skilled in the
designing of original and distinc-
tive home settings. If you have a
planting problem, whether it be for

a vast estate or modest lawn, con-
sult these experts now. Their ser-
vice js free.

Thirty years devoted to the cul-
ture and harmonious arrangements
of fine stocks have enabled B. F.
Barr & Company to obtain for its
clients unusually satisfying results.

B. F. BARR & COMPANY

Keystone Nurseries, 100 Barr Building, Lancaster,

Rosedale Specialties

Roses 'n many varieties and in large sizes
for immediate effect. Also Fruits
(dwarf and standard).

£ver£reenS 'n ^" varieties and many sizes,
up to 25 feet. Frequent trans-
planting assures compact root systems
that stand moving well.

Fruit and Ornamental Trees and

SnrUDS in great variety, including extra sizes
for immediate effect.
We will issue two helpful catalogs —
February and August. Send us your
name and address.

ROSEDALE NURSERIES

Box H

Tarrytown, N. Y. The Majestic Douglas Fir

House & Garden

PLAN to make your grounds more beautiful this
spring by planting Wagner hardy flowers, roses,
shrubbery, evergreens, and ornamental trees.

Wagner stock has long been favored by flower lovers
because of its vigor and full blooming qualities.

To make your grounds more harmonious, there is
available Wagner Landscape Gardening Service. The
broad principles of this service is to create a garden of
originality and loveliness. Whether you have a modest
suburban lot or an extensive estate, our garden experts
can aid you. Plans submitted by mail or by a repre-
sentative.

You'll find much in interest and value in our new cata-
log. It tells of Wagner flowers and the Wagner Land-
scape Garden Service. There is a copy for you if you
will write. Please ask for No. 279.

WAGNER PARK NURSERIES

Box 79, Sidney, Ohio

Nurserymen Florists Landscape Gardeners

PARK NURSERIES

What is more theatrical in the garden than the opening

oj the white water-lily blooms at eight-thirty each

morning ?

The Clock of Garden Flowers

(Continued from page 82)

number of stamens usually are short
lived while those that produce but few
last comparatively long.

When, early in the morning, the sun
just rises above the horizon, the flowers
of the gayly colored morning-glory be-
gin to open. An hour later, at five
o'clock, the poppy, awakening from its
nap, unfolds its four petaled, colored
crown. A half hour later the wild
rose is kissed awake by the rays of the
sun. At six the deadly night-shade,
which usually is found growing lux-
uriantly on the garbage heap, opens its
not unbeautiful violet colored flowers.
Thirty minutes later, at six-thirty, the
flowers of the potato break through their
envelope in the kitchen garden, and at
seven the sky-blue, star-shaped corolla
of the chicory will have unfolded itself.

These are the inquisitive plants, and
after about seven o'clock the majority
of the more aristocratic flowering buds
begin to pulsate with life. The dainty
petals twist and stretch. The protect-
ing sepals can not withstand the pres-
sure longer; they burst asunder, reveal-
ing the wonderfully tinted petals. The
general hour of awakening in the flower
garden has arrived, and the most pro-
fuse varieties attracted by the light and
heat of a new day begin to unfold their
delicate flowers.

At eight o'clock the carnation awakens
and begins to send out its spicy fra-
grance. Thirty minutes later the white

pond lily opens its large and brightly
shining petals and, as it rises above the
water, it turns toward the sun and
follows its course through the sky. At
nine o'clock this plant is followed by
Mesembryanthemum crystattinum whose
peculiar white flowers contrast so
wonderfully with its thick and succu-
lent foliage. The tulips, as if they were
loath to awaken from their long sleep,
gently open their flaming corollas at
nine-thiry. But at the same time the
wild lettuce goes back to its rest; it
seems as if it could not endure the ever
increasing strength of the still rising sun.
Between ten and eleven the flowers of
Mesembryanthemum nudiflorum awake,
opening completely and drawing the life-
giving rays of light, for all Mesembryan-
themums are children of the sun, open-
ing their petals only under its influence.
About twelve o'clock the flowers of
Calendula arvense begin to close and a
little later, between twelve and one, Di-
anthus prolifer follows.

By afternoon, many of the plants
flowering early in the morning have
closed again, apparently put to sleep by
the intense heat, while others have wilt-
ed away. The flowers of the potato,
chicory, and the common dandelion re-
main open to about two or three o'clock,
but then they begin to nod and slowly
close. At four these are followed by
Mesembryanthemum crystallinum and
(Continued on page 88)

Towards sunset, in mid-summer, the evening primrose's

petals uncurl so rapidly that the eye can scarcely follow

their movements

February, 1922

jjll.l! liil.ii: ,., .'ill. 111! • il,i'!!h:, ill.

Spring
Travelling

The International Travel
Bureau of the Nast Publica-
tions is a service maintained
for the convenience of our
readers.

It is right here in the heart
of New York City, where all
the big transportation com-
panies have their head-
quarters.

Its business is to know all
about passports and sailings,
time-tables and connections,
Pullmans, cabins and hotels —
and all the machinery of
travel.

No matter where you want
to go, Florida or California,
Europe or the Orient, we
will tell you how to get there
most agreeably, what to see
and when to see it most ef-
fectively.

You incur no obligation
by consulting us.

Interview or Write
TERESA THOMPSON SPEED

THE NAST
INTERNATIONAL
TRAVEL BUREAU

( 25 West 44th Street

New York City

for HOME
OWNERS

10 BOOKS

'on landscape

gardening

A WONDERFUL library, covering
/*. every phase of Home Landscape
Gardening, sent all charges prepaid
for Free examination.

These remarkable books tell In
simple words and show by over 100
attractive illustrations just how to
lay out your grounds, choose plants,
care for shrubbery and trees, prepare
seed beds — create beautiful, harmoni-
ous, colorful surroundings on large
estates and small home lots.
Ten books (In attractive container)
written by Landscape Architects and
edited by the eminent authority — Ralph
Rodney Root, B. S. A., M. L. A., for
five years head of the Professional
Course in Landscape Gardening, U. of
111. ; head of Summer School of Land-
scape Architecture, Lake Forest ;
-~ if author of "Design in Landscape
1 Gardening".

UNUSUAL OFFER

SEND NO MONEY

Free inspection. See these books,
read them, look at the pictures.
Sent prepaid. If satisfied mail
check. If not return the books
within five days. You will not
owe one cent.

The Garden Press, Dept. A, Davenport, la.

Send me your library of Ten Home Land-
scape Gardening Books. I will remail them
or send $7.50 in full payment within five days
after receipt.

Name

Address

Town and State

CouJWllL LAWN MOWERS

"MAKE BEAUTIFUL LAWNS"

The Coldwell Model
H Combination Motor
and Roller Lawn
Mower is a substan-
tial, economical ma-
chine, that has stood
the test of time.

COLDWELL LAWN MOWER Co.

NEWBURCH.N.Y.U.SA.

ILLISTRATZD CATALOGUE UPON REQUEST

Cebar

for 1922

CKS

GARDEN £
FLORAL

GUIDE

FREE A WORTH WHILE BOOK WRITE TODAY

For vegetable growers and all lovers of flowers. Lists the old standbys; tells of
many new varieties. Valuable instructions on planting and care. Get the
benefit of the experience of the oldest catalog seed house and largest growers of
Asters in America. For 73 years the leading authority on vegetable, flower
and farm seeds, plants, bulbs, and fruits. 12 greenhouses. 500 acres.

Vick Quality Seeds Grow the Best Crops the Earth Produces

This book, the best we have issued, is absolutely free. Send for
your copy today before you forget. A postcard is sufficient.

JAMES VICK'S SONS, 18 Stone St.

'"fl'Li Rochester, N. Y. The Flower City

ESTABLISHED 1890

Beautiful Home
Surroundings

PFUND'S

DEPENDABLE

Trees •:- Shrubs

Perennials

PFUND NURSERY CO.

"ELMHURST NURSERIES"

Elmhurst, Illinois

Send for catalog to Chicago Office, 8 E. Huron Street

A Central West Nursery
specializing in Trees and
Shrubs Adapted to the
Central West.

Gladioli and Dahlias

"Bulbs That Bloom"

I have been specializing
with Gladioli for over
twenty years.

Cedar Acres true to name
bulbs that bloom bring
orders from "glad" lovers
the world over.

BOOKLET OF CUL-
TURAL DIRECTIONS
telling you how to grow the
best blooms will be sent on
request.

The New

Orchid - Flowering

Priniulinus - Hybrids

will bring you gladness and
beauty beyond words — such
delicate colorings for house and
garden effects.

We will send collection of 25
bulbs for $1.25, postpaid; 100
for $5.00, express prepaid.

If you love flowers you'll love
the Primulinus.

B. HAMMOND TRACY

INCORPORATED

Wenham, Mass.

Group
Plantings

by the foot or by the group
— from hardy borders to ever-
green plantings and hedges.
New booklet, soon to be off
the press, fully describes and
illustrates them. Your name
NOW will insure your re-
ceiving a copy.

Hardy border, 25 ft. by
ft., so popular last
Spring, offered again at
$25, f. o. b. Baltimore.
Also 15 ft. x 4 ft. Hardy
Border ; $10. Shipments
In March. Circular on
request.

H. CLAY PRIMROSE, Pre*.

3906 Frederick Avenue

BALTIMORE

House & Garden

In Anticipation of Your Garden
Joys And Planting Pleasures

For you who know so well the added pleasure
of gardening and planting anticipations, we
have the Ten-Ten Spring Catalog all ready.

Ready for you to sit down with, and mull
through unhurriedly. Ready, so you can in the
most pleasurable, easy-to-do way, make your
selections, and order early, so you can surely
start early.

Everything is arranged in the true Ten-Ten
way, of groups of Ten.

It is complete in vegetable and flower seeds,
perennials, flowering shrubs, evergreens and
shade trees, and fruits as well.

It contains ten pages of delightful talks about
old historic trees, that you will particularly
en j oy .

Charmingly illustrated, as of yore.
You are most welcome to a copy.

A Peep Into The Ten-Ten Book

Suppose you want plants for a shady corner —
the Ten-Ten gives you a list of Ten.

, Suppose you want a collection of the best
Heathers, the Ten-Ten gives you a group of
just such a Ten.

Just glance over a few of the headings below,
and you will quickly see how easy it makes the
making of selections.

1. Ten Annual Flowers
for Cutting.

2. Ten Annuals for dry
sunny spots.

3. Ten Perennial seeds
for Spring sowing.

4. Ten Hardy Phloxes.

5. Ten plants for Home
Decoration.

6. Ten plants for walks.

7. Ten Shrubs for
Hedges and Boundary
Planting.

8. Ten Evergreens for
Foundation Planting.

9. Ten Choice Apples.
10. Ten Choice Peaches.

Gladly will we send you and your
friends copies of the Ten-Ten Book.

Ai Tho Sifr of The
Box 60 RutKerfot-d

The so-called four
o'clock actually
opens at seven-thir-
ty, after the heat of
the day

The Clock of Garden Flowers

(Continued from page 86)

the grass lily (Anthericum liliago). At
about five the white pond lily
closes and disappears into the
water to await the coming of
another day. The evening primrose
(Oenothera) opens its yellow blossoms
at six o'clock in the evening and at-
tracts the earlier night moths. Soon
thereafter the poppy goes to rest, usually
closing at six-thirty. At this time life
stirs the buds of Oenothera acaulis; they
swell, become thicker and thicker, until
finally they burst forth so rapidly at
seven o'clock that the eye can scarcely
follow their movements. They remain
open throughout the night, but in the
early morning hours they quickly wilt
away.

About thirty minutes later, at seven-
thirty, Mirabilis jalapa begins to flower,
and at eight the golden yellow blossoms
of Hemerocallis fulva have completed
their cycle and have faded away. Now,
one by one, the brilliant white stars of
the tobacco plant begin to open, but
their delicate perfume is soon wafted
away by the light evening breeze. At the
same time, at eight-thirty, the flowers
of the various night-blooming orna-
mental gourds are open. Then the night
moths enjoy the nectar which was so

closely guarded from the butterflies
during the day, their long coiled pro-
boscis being deeply sunk into the calix
of the flowers.

Between nine and ten the night-
flowering catchfly opens its nearly white
and fragrant flowers, and just before
midnight the night-blooming cereus
(Cereits grandiflorus) awakens and
spreads its large silver-shimmering flow-
ers. This blossom closes again at about
two or three, having become soft within
these few hours. And when the sun ap-
pears on the horizon at the beginning
of the new day, its beauty has passed
away.

The specific time elapsing between the
unfolding and the closing as well as the
wilting of the flowers is variable and
is largely dependent upon both the lo-
cality and the altitude. Although a
clock of flowers is not as trustworthy as
one of rack and pinion, a certain degree
of dependability is possible if the
weather is fair. At all events, it is well
worth the labor to give a clock of
flowers a tiny spot in the garden, for
many an intimate little detail will then
be unfolded before one's eyes which
otherwise would only be passed un-
noticed. E. BADE.

By half-past eight

the white stars of

the tobacco plant

begin to open

ENGLISH BROAD BEANS

THE English broad or Windsor
beans are not as well known in
this country as they deserve to be.
They are as good as limas and are much
easier to grow, being as hardy as peas.
They should be planted as soon as the
ground will permit. The dry bean is
nearly as large as a five-cent piece and
of a yellowish-green color. I have read

of fakers going about the country in dis-
tricts where they had never been grown
and selling them to the farmers under
the name of "urgu" beans at very high
prices. These beans are common enough
in France and in England, in which lat-
ter country they are used for stock food
and are called "horse beans."

(Continued on page 90)

February, 1922

Bigger, Better

Flowers, Vegetables

and Fruits

And More of Them

You can produce bigger flowers,
of more brilliant color and more
delightful fragrance; Fruits and
Vegetables, of better quality and in
greater quantity; Shrubs and Trees
of all kinds benefited by the use of
little tablets which science has pro-
duced. Complete, immediate-act-
ing, highly concentrated fertilizer.

They increase production,
heighten color and improve qual-
ity. Their use is highly profitable.
A tablet to a gallon of water is ex-
cellent for Lawns.

The name of the tablet is Stim-
U-Plant. Used extensively by
florists, market gardeners and nur-
serymen. Use them now in green-
house, conservatory and for house
plants.

Convenient, odorless, stainless,
easy to use. There is no substitute.
Price 75 cents per 100; $3.50 per
1,000, postpaid.

Earp- Thomas Cultures Corp.
80 Lafayette St. New York City

PI AN YOUR

* 1-iArN FUTURE

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SPECIAL OFFER

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FREE.

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E. W. STILLWELL & CO.

Architects
724 Calif. Bldg., Los Angeles

Everblooming Red Kugoaa

Improved Surcpean Jilberts.

The Only Filberts of the Kind Grown
in the United States

For ten years we have specialized in propagating
these plants so that you can grow this Great Nut
Delicacy, Big Meaty Filberts (Hazel Nuts) on your
own grounds.

Here is a beautiful shrub which yields such an abund-
ant supply of large nuts that it not only fills an im-
portant place in ornamental plantings and in nut
borders for walks and drives, but is a success com-
mercially.

Plants bear the second or third year after planting and
at the tenth year yield 20 to 25 pounds per bush.

Thrive in any moderately rich, well-drained soil, with
very little cultivation and succeed over a wide range
of territory and latitude. Are HARDY and ADAPT-
ED TO THE MORE NORTHERN STATES.

Another specialty is the

£>verbloomingJtugosa J&se

Shown in natural color in our catalog. For mass and
hedge plantings — {not for the rose garden).
Clusters of beautiful bright red flowers resembling
bunches of red carnations. Very double with petal
edges serrated and with the beautiful deep green,
healthy foliage characteristic of the Rugosa Rose.
Blooms continually from early Summer until frost.

L. W. HALL COMPANY, Inc.

America's Exclusive Producer ol Improved European

Filberts
475 Cutler Bldg., Rochester, N. Y.

(SplendidMirsery Stock of all ki

Best for the
home garden

Save room-
quick fruit

Dwarf fruit trees — something old in a new way — same kind of fruit —
smaller growing trees — planted closer than the old way (ten or twelve
feet apart) — need less room — makes them right for your own garden —
never get too big — easier to care for — easier to pick the fruit — bear
sooner than ordinary fruit trees — get some fruit quicker (from two to
four years after planting) — never too early to plan the Spring clean-up
and Spring planting — get our catalogue now — never too late to try a
good thing — plant dwarf fruit trees this Spring.

THE VAN DUSEN NURSERIES

C. C. McKay, Mgr., Box B

Geneva, N. Y.

SPECIAL OFFER of TESTED SEEDS

If you write now for our 1922 Catalogue,
we will send the famous HENDERSON
Collection of seeds — one packet each of
Ponderosa Tomato, Big Boston Lettuce,
White Tipped Scarlet Radish, Hender-
son's Invincible Asters, Henderson's Bril-
liant Mixture Poppies, Giant Waved
Spencer Sweet Peas.

HOW TO GET THEM

Simply state where you saw this adver-
tisement, enclose ten cents for mailing
the Catalogue, "Everything for the Gar-
den," and the seeds will be sent without
extra charge. EMPTY ENVELOPE
COUNTS FOR CASH. These tested seeds
come in a coupon envelope which, emp-
tied and returned, will be accepted as a
25-cent cash payment on any order
amounting to $1.00 or more. Don't de-
lay ; write at once.

1922 Catalogue
Now Ready

Bigger and better than
ever, the most beau-
tiful and complete hor-
ticultural publication
of the year, a book of

176 pages

16 color pages. Over

1000 beautiful engrav-
ings showing actual
results. A mine of
valuable garden infor-
mation. Send today
for this helpful guide
to a better garden and
the special seed col-
lection.

Median's

New
Price List

Describes and gives
prices on 647 different
plants. Gives prices for
1, 10, or 100— quotes
1700 different sizes.

Simple, comprehen-
sive, convenient, it
saves time and corre-
spondence.

We will gladly send
you a copy free.

n«n /Jflt\ Horticulturist

Pioneer Nurserymen
of America

6740 Chew St., German town
Philadelphia

PETER HENDERSON & CD

When your hard-
ware man suggests you
"buy a Pennsylvania
Quality Mower," it's
because he knows from
past records of his cus-
tomers that he is offer-
ing you the most eco-
nomical and efficient
lawn mower you can
buy.

Hardware
Dealers

and
Seedsmen

House & Garden

'THOSE WHO BUILD OF CYPRESS BUILD BUT ONCE."

HOME-BUILDING DAYS
WILL BE HERE BEFORE YOU
KNOW IT. LET'S BE READY.

Write us for the FREE PLANS
to build this Cypress BUNGALOW.

Home Planning
Time Is N-O-W!

Chilly days make the mental picture
of a warm, cozy "Home-of-Our-Own"
a pleasant thought, and doubly so now
that it is possible to brin& these pleas-
ant planning to a happy reality,
through the building, of an "honest to
goodness" house of genuine

"THE WOOD ETEBNAL:

under favorable building conditions.

If you are one of those who are indul&in& in the
delightful occupation of home planning, will you let
us help? Send TODAY for one of the very interesting

FREE BOOKS

of the Internationally famous Cypress Pocket Library.
In it you will find specifications and FULL-SIZE
WORKING PLANS to build the "California bung-
alow" shown above. It was designed especially for
us and our friends by one of America's cleverest
architects, who knows how small homes should be.
You will be delighted with it. The book also con-
tains many excellent reasons why Cypress vitally
affects the value of your building investment. Cypress
the Wood Eternal ' ' reduces depreciation to the mini-
mum. Send a postal for VOL. 18 TODAY.

SOUTHERN CYPRESS MFRS.' ASSN.

1210 Poydrai Building. New Orleans. La. or
1210 Graham Building, Jacksonville, Fla.

INSIST ON TRADE-MARKED CYPRESS AT
YOUR LOCAL LUMBER DEALER'S. IF HE
HASN'T IT. LET US KNOW IMMEDIATELY.

English Broad Beans

(Continued from page 88)

The green shelled beans are excellent
when cooked in about the same way as
are limas or any green shelled bean, and
they are good with boiled bacon or other
meat. In every case they should first
be boiled in salt water and care should
be taken not to allow the beans to be-
come too ripe or they will be tough.

As hot, dry weather causes the plants
to wilt and the blossoms to blast, they
should be planted very early. Otherwise
I treat them about the same as bush
limas, planting them in hills, three beans
to the hill about 2l/2' apart. The En-
glish often plant them somewhat closer
together in double rows about 6" apart,
somewhat in the same manner as peas
are grown. It is claimed that as soon as
the plants reach maturity the tops with
their flowers should be broken off, as

this checks the growth of the plant and
causes the blossoms along the sides of
the stalk to set more pods. These
tops are said to make an excellent boiled
vegetable when cooked in the same man-
ner as spinach or other so-called "spring
greens."

In some localities a late planting
might be made — one that would bring
them into bearing in the cooler autumn
weather, as they will stand considerable
frost. A season of succession planting
should indicate their growing season for
any locality.

These beans may be had of several of
our larger seed houses and of the
branch stores of the English seedsmen.
There are several varieties but I consider
Carter's Colossal Windsor the best.

ARCHER P. WHALLON.

PRUNING & DISBUDDING DAHLIAS

ANYONE interested in dahlias ought
to know something about the
structure of the plant.

Above ground it consists of two
things: bloom-bearing stalks and leaf-
age. The main stalk proceeds directly
from the root. This main stalk puts
out lateral stalks, usually in pairs, one
on each side. They push out from the
angle made by the main stalk and a leaf
and are few or many according to the
habit of plant. These primary laterals
each put out in the same manner sec-
ondary laterals, which in their turn put
out tertiary laterals, etc.

Each stalk bears one bloom only, on
its tip. The main stalk flowers first.
After a pause the primary laterals fol-
low, making the first crop, and after an-
other pause the secondary laterals — the
second crop.

It is my observation that the tertiary
wood is of little or no consequence, as
the season is usually over before it flow-
ers, and blooms, if any, are trivial. A
plant whose habit it is to put out nu-
merous laterals will produce only small
blooms, no matter what pruning and
disbudding may be done. If such a
plant be laboriously restricted even to
one bloom, such bloom will not be very

much larger than it would be if the
plant were handled in the usual manner.

It is apparent also that blooms of such
a plant will be very short-stemmed.
Whoever wants blooms of any consider-
able size, and with long stems, need not
bother with such plants. Their nature
cannot be changed.

For my own part I do not harbor any
plant that puts out many laterals. Most
of my plants put out only about half a
dozen and each primary lateral puts out,
ordinarily, only two or three secondary
laterals.

Such plants need no pruning or dis-
budding, except of tertiary laterals, and
now and then of too numerous secon-
daries. In my judgment, all tertiary
wood may be sacrificed as soon as it
makes its appearance.

Where you see a bud on secondary
wood flanked by two smaller ones, the
latter are tertiaries just starting and had
better be removed at once before they
uselessly sap any further the vitality of
the plant.

This is all that needs to be said about
pruning and disbudding. Not more than
two main stalks should be allowed. I
prefer only one.

JOSIAH T. MAREAN.

NOTES OF THE GARDEN CLUBS

THE Garden Club of the North Shore,
Illinois, was organized in 1919 and
Mrs. Julius Rosenwald is the President.
There are 30 women members and two
men as honorary members. Meetings
are held once a month, during the sum-
mer, and on field days, besides private
gardens, places of natural interest such
a5 the "Flats" and the "Dunes" are vis-
ited. In the late summer and fall two
flower shows were held, one in Winetka
and one in Highland Park. Financial
aid has been given by the North Shore
Club to the Chicago City Gardens
Association.

THE Minnesota Garden Flower
Society, founded in 1904, of
which Mrs. John S. Crooks is
the President, has 300 members, men
and women, the majority of whom do
practical work and some are profes-
sionals. The purpose of the society is
"To increase knowledge and interest in
the cultivation of all ornamental
plants." Meetings or field days are
held every month, usually in St. Paul
and Minneapolis, alternately, in the
Public Library Building of each of the
Twin Cities; but the January meeting
was arranged by request at the Uni-
versity Farm during the Farmers'
Short Course Week, when papers were
read by Mr. C. A. Kirtland on Grow-
ing Gladioli in Small Yards and by Mr.

John S. Crooks, of the Rainbow Gar-
dens, on Gladioli from the Larger
Point of View. Also Miss Wickstrum
spoke on the Preservation of the Wild
Flowers. Flower Seeds for Our Gar-
dens, Early Starting, Novelties, etc.,
were the subjects treated by Mr. Arm-
strong of the Armstrong Seed Com-
pany, at the February meeting, and
Mrs. M. L. Countryman talked on
What to Grow in Poor Soil and Full
Sun.

In March, by invitation of Prof.
Roberts of the Zoological Department
of the University of Minnesota, the
society went there for a Talk on Birds,
illustrated with moving pictures. Seeds
saved by members or bought by the
society, or received from the Govern-
ment were distributed at the April
meeting, with informal Talks on
Seeds.

Topic for the Fall Program included
Peonies, Iris, Bulbs, Good Annuals and
Good Perennials for Cutting, and Win-
ter Bouquets. In May there was a non-
competitive Flower Show and Plant
Exchange at the University Farm
Schools, St. Anthony Park, and in
June when the Horticultural Exhibit
was held at the University Farm School
the Minnesota Garden Flower Society's
Annual Flower Show (open to ama-
teurs and professionals) took place.
(Continued on page 94)

February, 1922

PINK GLADIOLI

of Surpassing Beauty

I will send two bulbs of each
of the following magnificent
exhibition sorts, a dozen bulbs
in all, for $7.50 postpaid.
There are no finer.

Mrs. H. E. Bothin

Majestic

Mrs. Doctor Norton

Mrs. John R. Walsh

Marechal Foch

Jack London

The Lovely Blue
Eryngiums

The exquisite, thistle-like flowers
are the picture of grace. Distinc-
tive in the garden and wonderful
cutting material. The color is a
grayish green, overlaid with ame-
thyst. They are hardy.

ERYNGIUM ZABELI— forms noble
specimen clumps — height three
feet — large bold flowers.

ERYNGIUM OLIVERANUM—

Masses of small dainty flowers.
Height 4 feet.

Six small plants of each for $6.50
postpaid, a dozen plants in all.
Larger plants $10,00 for the dozen,
carefully packed.

An interesting catalog for the
asking.

W. L. CRISSEY
"Gladiolus Farm"

Boring, Oregon

Parley Delegates Stroll in Pan-American Garden

W/"ITH the peace of the world in their hands, how appropriate
J that the delegates to the Arms Parley should seek by a stroll in
the peaceful gardens about the Pan-American Union to ease their
minds when the Conference becomes too heated and involved.

MOON'S Trees and Plants were used extensively in these gardens
and for the home-owner they can produce the same relief from
nerve tension. A few minutes each day spent in the garden does
much to make a buoyant, happy life.

Our new catalog is full of information about Trees and Plants that
will give you this same restful comfort and invigorating influence.
Why not ask us for a copy now, while you are thinking about it?

Moons' Nurseries

THE WM. H. MOON CO.

MORRISVILLE PENNSYLVANIA

is /mile from Trenton, N.</.

Keith's
$2.50 Offer

3 plan books, showing 100
designs of artistic bunga-
lows, cottages, or two-story
houses — in frame, stucco and
brick — with floor plans and
descriptions, and 8 months
subscription to Keith's Mag-
azine, all for $2.50.

Keith's
Magazine

for over 20 years an author-
ity on planning, building and
decorating homes — full of
helpful suggestions for
home - builders and home
owners — 2Sc a copy on
newsstands.

The Roses of New Castle

Are the hardiest, easiest growing, freest
blooming rose plants in America. Always
grown on their own roots in the fertile soil of
New Castle. We are expert Rose growers and
give you the benefit -of a life time experience
and the most select list in America. Every
desirable rose now cultivated in America is
included in our immense stock — and the prices
are right.

Our Rose Book for 1922

"ROSES OF NEW CASTLE"

tells you how to make rose growing a success. The
most complete book on rose culture ever published,
elaborately printed in actual colors. Gives all Infor-
mation that you need. Send for your copy to day
— a postal will do.

HELLER BROS. CO.
Box 252 Newcastle, Ind.

Keith-planned homes are
different — the utmost in
artistic design, distinctive-
ness, convenient arrange-
ment and comfort. Keith
Home-builders Service en-
ables you to get the most
satisfactory home with
greatest economy.

Set of 8 plan books (260
plans) and year's subscrip-
tion to Keith's — $4.50.

Keith Corporation

516 Abbay Bldft.
Minneapolis Minn.

iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniuiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiii

Wouldn't You Like a Water Garden

•T*V|«c Ypaf ^ Surely you can have it as easily as a gar-

•*• *'ls * *5«l. • jen Of annuals, for Water Lilies can be

grown wherever there is room for a tub or
half-barrel.

Water Gardening is Unusual

but not impossible. Send today for
my 1922 booklet and see the won-
derful colors and read the ac-
curate descriptions of many
rare and beautiful varieties.
Write today.

WILLIAM THICKER

1\A

662 Forest St.
Arlington, New Jersey

Box -Barberry

The Ideal Edging

Plants for
Northern Gardens

Formal garden on grounds of Mr. Haskell

bordered Kith BOX-BARBERRY.
Chas. \\'. Leafitt, Landscape Architect

In seeking an attractive dwarf
hedge for use on the grounds
of J. Armory Haskell, Red
Bank, N. J., which would meet
the following requirements:

1 — Absolute hardiness

2 — Ability to withstand se-
vere shearing

3 — Uniformity of growth
and habit

4 — Attractive winter fruit-
ing effect

5 — Freedom from disease
and insect attack

BOX-BARBERRY stood out
pre-eminently among all the
other plants considered.

Due to increased demand and
large propagations, prices have
been greatly reduced for spring,
1922.

The Elm City Nursery Co.

Woodmont Nurseiies, Inc.
Box 194, New Haven, Conn.

Originators and Introducers of

BOX-BARBERRY IBOLIUM PRIVET

e New

Beautiful, Natural;
Everlasting Flowers

1HE latest novelty
in artistic decoration

We have a large number of stock grilles in

Decorative Metal. Or mil gladly make them

from special designs'.

Unique Serving Table
That Is A Warming Shelf

First, there was just an obtrusive radiator standing

out in all its unpleasant insistency.

Then a shelf was put over it, with opening between

the top boards, for the heat to pass.

But still the radiator was in plain sight.

After which dissatisfaction, we designed the enclosure

in its combination of wood and Decorative Metal

Grille.

If you arc tired of seeing your radiators standing
around your room like iron sentinels, we will gladly
send you our Radiator Enclosure booklet, which is
filled with numerous suggestions and definite infor-
mation.

TUTTLE & BAILEY MFG Co.

2 West 45th St. New York

Lunken Windows Installed in Residence of Mr. T. Mellye. Wellesley Hills, Mass.
Architects: Blackall, Clapp & \Yhittemore, Boston, Mass.

BEFORE YOU BUILD LEARN OF THE
MANY ADVANTAGES OF

Lunken Windows

FOR THE

Residence, Hospital, Apartment Building and Hotel

Insuring Health — Comfort — Convenience and Economy

A double hung window, with any degree of ventilation up to 100% of
frame opening. Zero tight when closed due to copper weatherstripping.
Copper Screeni cover entire opening and can be safely stored within the
window pocket in ten seconds.

These Combined Advantages in Lunken Windows are unknown in every
other type of window now in use. They save heat, labor and screen
damage, can be easily .installed in any type of new building. There are
no complicated parts, and their construction admits of any desired in-
side or outside trim or decoration, yet their appearance when installed
is the same as a standard double hung window.
Delivered from Factory Complete — glazed, fitted, screened,
hung, weatherstripped, tested and guaranteed — ready to set
in wall.

Investigate the advantages of LUNKEN WINDOWS before
planning new buildings. Grant us the privilege of sending
detailed information. Write today.

For details and specifications see Sixteenth Edition Sweet's
Catalog, pages 780-783 inclusive.

The Lunken Window Co.

4206 Cherry Street Cincinnati, Ohio

House & Garden

nillllllllllllllH >, lillllliBHBBBBBQMIf^BHBM

Let Soft Water

Beautify Your Skin

and Hair

There is nothing like Soft Water to beau-
tify the skin and hair. It cleanses the
pores of all impurities, leaving the skin
soft and velvety and the hair fluffy and
brilliant — it is nature's own tonic for the
body. And you can have soft water
from every faucet in your house no mat-
ter how hard, how unsatisfactory your
present water supply.

APermutit Water Softener transforms any water
supply, automatically and without the use of
chemicals, to a clear water that is actually softer
than rain. It is a simple metal tank, containing
Permutit. connected into your water supply line
in the basement or other convenient spot and
operated under your ordinary house pressure
without any additional pumps or motors, at an
average cost of about 50 cents per week.

It is fully guaranteed.

Thousands are in use in all parts of the country.
Send for our free booklet, "Soft Water in Every
Home

The Permutit Company

440 Fourth Avenue New York

• in

Will Your New Home
Be Truly Modern?

You wouldn't build a fine house and install an old-fashioned
stove in it to supply the heat. Yet this would be no more
out of place than to erect a modern residence without
equipping it with a Kernerator — the approved system of
garbage disposal found in so many of the better homes
built during the past decade.

The Kernerator is a brick incinerator, built in the base
of the chimney when the house is erected. It takes care
of all household waste — rags, sweepings, wilted flowers,
broken crockery, tin cans, garbage. This material is
dropped into the handy hopper door, located on the first
floor in the flue, and it falls into the brick incinerator in
the basement. At intervals it is lighted and burns itself
up without odor. Non-combustibles are dried and steril-
ized and later dropped into the ashpit. The Kernerator
costs nothing to operate since no coal, wood, gas or oil
is required for fuel.

Ask your architect about the Ker-
nerator and write for an interesting
booklet we have just prepared,
showing some of the fine homes in
which it has been installed.

KERNER INCINERATOR CO.

1025 Chestnut St. Milwaukee, Wis.

ERNERATOR

Built-itvtHe-CKimney

Reg. U. S. Patent Office.

February , 1922

The Decorative
Value of TILES

The proper material, for the ex-
pression of decorative ideas in
any part of the home, is TILE.

Tiles serve in the desired way
in the library, sun room, hall,
vestibule, and for the fireplace.

They are doubly valuable in
service and attractiveness in the
kitchen, bath room and laundry

Write for our

Home Suggestion Book

THE ASSOCIATED
TILE MANUFACTURERS

1234 Seventh Ave., Beaver Falls, Pa.

ENGLISH

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and Windows
for banks,
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G. C. Burroughs, Cincinnati, O., Architect

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Bay State Brick and Cement Coating comes in white and a complete
range of colors. Let us send you samples of your favorite tint. Booklet
No. 2 is illustrated with homes made beautiful with Bay
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WADSWORTH, HOWLAND & CO., Inc.

Paint and Varnish Manufacturers

Boston, Mass.

New York Office Philadelphia Office

Architects' Bldg. 1524 Chestnut Street

BAY STAT E

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Without Legs —

Authorities may differ in regard to the exact
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Of course, adjustable legs are furnished if
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The same high quality and moderate prices
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["V V V V .' J- S V

.» .- .-

Notes of the Garden Clubs

(Continued from page 90)

with awarding of prizes. The proceeds
of the sale of flowers are given to some
philanthropy. Another show was ar-
ranged in September in combination
with the Minnesota State Fair Associa-
tion and prizes given.

THE Garden Club of Elgin, Illi-
nois, founded in 1916, and whose
President is Mrs. Henry A. Price,
is composed of 35 active and 10
associate members, women; and 10
auxiliary members, men, who meet each
month from February to November,
inclusive. Other meetings may be called
by the Program Committee. Eligibility
for active membership depends on do-
ing personal work in one's own gar-
den and being a resident of Elgin
Township. Associates are former active
members. The auxiliary members are
only required to be interested in gar-
dening.

The topics of the programs are pre-
pared almost entirely by the club mem-
bers and have included Newer Lilacs,
Transplanting Seedlings, Right Use of
Annuals, Plants that Should Be Better
Known, and The Garden Background
an Essential, The Blue Flower Border,
Joys of an Herb Garden, Drought and
Ho'w to Meet It, What Other Garden
Clubs Are Doing, The Charm of Color,

The Secret of Continuous Bloom, Win-
tering of Perennials and Annuals, Ne-
cessities and Luxuries in Garden Books,
and the usual horticultural subjects,
generally two topics appearing on the
same day.

Two meetings are devoted to The
Question Box. In May a breakfast is
arranged at a member's place in a wood
filled with flowers, many of which were
brought from different parts of the
United States. In June there was a
trip to the Chicago Parks; in July one
to the Lotus Beds; in August one to
Lake Geneva to attend the Flower
Show and to visit gardens, among the
finest of which are those of Mr. John
Mitchell, Mr. R. I. Crane, Mr. Simon
B. Chaplin and the Charles L. Hutchin-
son Estate.

In the spring and fall exhibitions open
to the public are held in a building in
the center of the town, when some
flowers are sold. The exchange of
plants among the members is in charge
of a committee. A number of the
members have laid out their own
grounds. Two or three have water
gardens and one member has designed
several informal gardens. Planting of
the grounds around the Old People's
Home was done by the club.

ELLEN P. CUNNINGHAM.

YOUR DOG AND YOU

THE new dog owner soon develops
an interest in other dogs of the
same breed as his own, comparing
their appearance with his and wondering
how good his dog appears to other people,
especially to experts, who know the fine
points of a dog — points that the average
person does not know exist until he be-
gins making these comparisons. Of
course his dog will always be the bright-
est and most intelligent of his kind, but
even the most devoted master likes to
know how his dog would show up with
the best of his breed.

The surest way to acquire this knowl-
edge is to attend the dog shows, for the
results of the judging there show what
is considered the best type of each breed.
There is also no better way for a pros-
pective owner to select the breed of dog
he prefers — for the dog shows, as they
are run to-day, bring together the finest
dogs in the country, and no breeder can
truly claim superiority for his dogs if he
is not willing to enter them in competi-
tion with others of their kind. Dog shows
for all breeds are held frequently in all
our large cities and their surrounding
suburbs, and as they are usually held on
Saturdays and holidays they make an
interesting objective for a motor trip to
anyone at all interested in dogs.

In addition to these all-breed shows
there are frequent specialty shows for
one breed only when a very large num-
ber of dogs are brought together for
competition. Such a one was the recent
show held at Mineola, Long Island, by
the Shepherd Dog Club of America,
when more than a hundred dogs were
shown and judged. The shepherd dog
is undoubtedly one of the most popu-
lar dogs in the country today, in spite
of its German origin and the short time
it has been known here. It is a magnifi-
cent dog of strength, beauty and in-
telligence and its great vogue is no doubt
due to its suitability to country life

which has received such impetus in the
past few years. It is to be hoped that
the prominent breeders of these dogs
will proceed to develop from the fine
specimens they now have here an Amer-
ican shepherd dog without resorting to
further importations.

This has been successfully done in the
case of the Chow-Chows. With the com-
paratively few dogs that were originally
imported from China and England we
have developed a dog that far surpasses
his original Celestial prototype. This dog
is.as excellent a watch dog for the coun-
try as the shepherd, but also adapts him-
self better to city life. His popularity
has kept place with the popularity of
the automobile, for no dog graces a
motor car with quite the aristocratic
dignity of the Chow. One must own a
Chow to be able to appreciate the
steadfast loyalty of his nature, for he
concentrates all his devotion and affec-
tion on his own, but even the most cas-
ual visitor could not help but admire
the fine quality of the dogs exhibited at
the recent show given in New York by
the Chow-Chow Club of America.

In New York City also was held the
specialty show for Boston terriers, prob-
ably the most typical of American-bred
dogs. These active little dogs are de-
servedly popular pets and noted for
their keen intelligence.

The most important of the all-breed
shows to be held in various places in
the near future are:
Jan. 23-27— Fifth Annual Field Trial,

Pinehurst, N. C.
Jan. 27 — American Pomeranian Club,

New York City.
Jan. 30-31— Pinehurst Kennel Club.

Pinehurst, N. C.
Feb. 13-1S— Westminster Kennel Club,

New York City.
Feb. 21-23 — Eastern Dog Club, Boston,

Mass.

NANA LOUISE MOORE.

February , 1922

P. JACKSON HIGGS

Reception room in lite Georgian style

AUTHENTIC ANTIQUES
ACCURATE REPRODUCTIONS

FOR A SINGLE PIECE OF
RARE PERIOD FURNI-
TURE — OR A COMPLETE
ROOM — WE ARE PRE-
PARED TO FURNISH AU.
THENTIC EXAMPLES. OR
MAKE ACCURATE REPRO.
DUCT10NS OF THE BEST
QUALITY.

E WILL GLADLY AS-
SIST IN PLANNING

OR EXECUTE PERIOD
INTERIORS, PANELLING
OF ROOMS AND SUPPLY
FLOOR COVERINGS, HANG-
INGS, ETC.

OUR COLLECTION IN-
CLUDES RARE SPECI-
MENS OF OLD ENGLISH
SILVER. CHINA, PORCE-
LAINS. LAMPS AND OTHER
OBJETS D'ART.

Inquiries by mail will receive prompt attention

East 54th Street

New York

I
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Protect your walls,
decorations and
draperies with

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Radiator
Shields

They direct the heated air
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MANTELPIECES

fine reproductions of choice.
Early English ^Colonial originals

ANNO UN CEMENT

REMOVAL TO LARGER PREMISES
in a more convenient location

The many pieces of hand wrought metal
work of fine craftsmanship which are now
on display, will be found of considerable
interest to the seeker for high class period
reproductions, both for the hearth and
home in general.

FIREPLACE EQUIPMENT
HAND FORGED COLONIAL HARDWIRE

Q A cordial invitation is extended to visit
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414 MADISON AVENUE

Between 48th and 49th Streets

(formerly at 101 Park Avenue, New York)

A SIMPLE GEORGIAN BRACKET OF
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INCORPORATED

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NEW YORK CITY

House & Garden

DI RECTORY0/DECORAT1ON 8 FINE ARTS

FINE HEARTH FITTINGS

In Brass and Iron
Catalogue H sent on request

THE H. W. COVERT COMPANY
137 East 46ih Street, New York

UA<? NEW YORK SCHOOL of
INTERIOR DECORATION^

KM PARK AVE • NEW YORK. CITY

Correspond

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Hand Painted in Antique Effect

STUDIO

210 Fact fS\i\\ <st«-PP«

M r . Galsworthy
paints from ftow-
ers freshly picked
in his own Surrey
garden, for he
is a flower grower
and lover as well
as artist

There are a sim-
plicity and almost
botanical accuracy
about these still
lifes which com-
mend them to
flower strident and
decorator alike

Much of the ef-
fectiveness of a
real garden within
doors can be
achieved by using
colorful flower
paintings as wall
decorations

Flower Paintings by Frank Galsworthy

THERE is practically a nation wide
interest in the use of flower studies
for wall decoration, and artists in Eng-
land and America are responding to this
need, or perhaps, actually creating it, by
paintings of gardens in bloom and still
life designs of flowers, and delightful
bunches in clear glass, picturesque bowls
and pitchers.

A painter of flowers who has attracted
a great deal of attention in this country
both last season and this, whose paint-
ings of flowers extend into the entire
field, from royal gardens to wayside
blossoms, is Mr. Frank Galsworthy,
cousin of the well known writer of Eng-
lish fiction, John Galsworthy, who has
been so loved in America both for his
fiction and personality. In Mr. Frank
Galsworthy's recent exhibition at the
Kingore Gallery there were eighty-eight
water colors, and in practically every
one of these paintings and sketches you
feel Mr. Galsworthy's great love of
nature and his profound and intimate
knowledge of her ways. He is a student
of botany as well as of color. He is
all things in relation to the garden ex-
cept that impersonal lover of out-of-
doors with imagination and the power
to bring the spirit of the garden to the
canvas.

On the other hand, the gardener and
the flower lover find great happiness in
Mr. Galsworthy's creations, and so also
does the decorator. He has done such
pleasant groupings of flowers which he
has gathered out of his own flower gar-
den, and the garden is his own creation,
too, and these he has presented with
such simplicity, with such knowledge
and enjoyment that it is not difficult to
understand his popularity and the ap-
preciation that has come to him here in
America from a nation that is just wak-
ing up to an understanding and delight
in the making of gardens. I do not be-
lieve that in all the eighty-eight studies
at the Kingore Gallery, a botanist and
flower expert could find a single flaw in
design and color. In fact the day that
I spent some hours viewing this collec-
tion an earnest lover of delphiniums,
who makes a collection of them for a
great Long Island garden, was question-
ing Mr. Galsworthy as to the size of a
marvellous blue and mauve specimen.

She haH npvpr sppn nnp en larorp Ar»H

but hours measuring these specimens,
the length of the stalk and the exact
size, circumference and diameter of each
flower and petal. "It took me hours, I
assure you," Mr. Galsworthy repeated
with genuine conviction.

Just this exceeding care and minute
precaution and old-fashioned intimate
love of the English flower grower are
noticeable in every design that Mr. Gals-
worthy presented. You feel that he is
first of all a botanist and then a gar-
dener and then a painter. He is a
colorist, too, for some of his studies are
done with brilliant appreciation of sun-
light on flowers and of rather violent
contrast of tone.

We are showing here three of his most
decorative designs which would be espe-
cially charming as a wall decoration in
a rather delicately planned bedroom or
drawing room, but they would have to
be used with light woodwork, fine or
simple furniture, and where there was
no predominating color in the decora-
tive scheme. For although Mr. Gals-
worthy's flower paintings may show
red and magenta and yellow in a single
grouping of flowers just as you might
find them in an old-fashioned garden,
still there is something very simple
about these flower pieces, just as the
old-time garden was simple, in no way
tying up with the modernist's concep-
tion of flower painting and interior dec-
oration.

Many water colors of famous English
gardens were shown in this collection.
There were two views of the garden of
Hever Castle with an old moat circling
the foundation walls, which is now
made interestingly decorative with aque-
ous plants. There were several pictures
also of Mr. Galsworthy's own garden in
Surrey, and a few made last year in
America — the Magnolia Gardens in
Charleston and "Palmetto Inn," Aiken.

There can be no question that Mr.
Galsworthy's flower still life studies and
his pitchers and jars of freshly picked
simple flowers from his Surrey garden
are the most significant work in his ex-
hibition. These would be a never end-
ing delight on the walls of a flower-
lover's home. They would be excep-
tionally interesting also in the beautiful
nurseries we are making today in Amer-

Plan Your Garden Now

Consider what charm a bird bath offers.
It is decorative, and the birds it at-
tracts add life, color and delightful en-
tertainment.

Erkins Bird Baths are to be had in a
variety of distinctive designs and are
rendered in Pompeian Stone, a marble-
like composition that is practically
everlasting.
Order now for Spring delivery.

Illustrated

catalog

tent

request.

The

Erkins Studios

Established
1900

240 Lcxitinton
Ave. at
34th Street
New York

Oriental Rug
Distinction

means thick, glow-
ing antiques made for
love of art. About roo
found annually, are
harmonics of color.
Such is my collec-
tion. Descriptive list
mailed to critical rug
folks. Then, if you
like, I will prepay
the most interesting
pieces on approval
for selection.

L. B. Lawton, Skaneateles, N. Y.

AN effective dish shaped like
an old Roman lamp comes
in hammered copper or brass.
It is 10" long and 3" high. The
price is $4. It may be purchased
through the

Shopping Service

House fef Garden

19 West 44th Street, New York

who will gladly help you secure
any article necessary to your

rlprnratincr cfhpmp

"ebruary, 1922

DARN LEY

Inc.

34 E. 48th St.

SMOKER'S
STAND— IN
WROUGHT
IRON-
ANTIQUE
OR GREEN
FINISH
$8.75

NEW YORK

The Little Gallery

Handivrought Silver

Master Craftsmen

Table arrangements in
specially designed hand-
forged iron, Italian Glass
and Pottery, Spanish and
Calumet linens and laces.

FOUR EAST48th STREET
NEW YORK CITY

AN unusual scrap basket is painted
black with flowers in brilliant
colors. It may also be had in other
combinations. The price is $5. It
may be purchased through the
Shopping Service of

HOUSE & GARDEN

19 West 44th Street

New York

who will gladly help you secure any
article necessary to your decorating
scheme.

The Name

REED SHOP

is synonymous with
Reed Furniture of
the Highest Quality.

Artistic Charm, Luxurious
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We specialize in Exceptional Designs which create
an atmosphere of Refinement and Quiet Elegance.

Imported Cretonnes and Linens — Interior Decorating

REED SHOP. INC.

581 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK

"Suggestions in Reed Furniture" forwarded on receipt of 25c postage.

'.Santa Barbara Hills" In F. liallard Williams

A reproduction from our

JANUARY
EXHIBITION

PAINTINGS

OF CALIFORNIA

F. BALLARD
WILLIAMS

Announcements of our other exhibitions as well as our

January ART NOTES giving items of current art

interest will be mailed on request.

WILLIAM MACBETH

1 N C O
450 Fifth Avenue

R P O R
At Fortieth Street

A T E D

New York City

"The Mountain Mirror"
byj. Stewart Barney

January
1 6th to 28th

EXHIBITION

Scottish and
American

LANDSCAPES

J. Stewart Barney
EHRICH GALLERIES

707 Fifth Avenue

NEW YORK

The MILCH

GALLERIES

"Lund of the Navajo, Arizona"
by Albert L. GroH, N. A.

EXHIBITION-PAINTINGS by

Bruce Crane Elliott Daingerfield

I. rum ill. Smith F. Ballard Williams

January 23 to February II

Paintings by HARRY VINCENT

February 13 to 25
Latest Booklet on request

108 West 57th St. : New York

The Night Rack

AC orderly attendant for day clothes
at night. Each garment has its
place — all in one place. Clothing
held to form, freshened and ventilated.
Racks in mahogany and walnut. Ivory
and colored enamels made to match sam-
ples. A useful and attractive service for
bed and dressing rooms. For men's and
women's clothes. Price $15.

STUDIOS

36 Inches square

These tea cloths of assorted patterns
made of San Pablo and fine Irish linens,
hand drawn (filet tire) are $20. A set
of six napkins Is priced $15. And there
are bridge sets and breakfast sets
equally attractive and moderately priced.
Send for Catalogue

38 East 48th Street. New York City

House &• Garden

valves shall be genuine JBWKIjrS. bearing the
name "JEffKUra" within a diamond mark, lumbers
designating valves refer to the mamifaoturere
oatalog.

Get this heating comfort
into your specifications

PERMIT your architect to specify and
your contractor to install genuine Jen-
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yourself the great heating comfort they
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These strong, substantial, carefully made
radiator valves are assurance against leak-
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Life time service, dependability, and free-
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prove Jenkins Radiator Valves the most
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valves.

Send for "The Valve Behind a Good Heating System;" an in-
teresting booklet that brings out the advantages of using
stronger, more substantial radiator valves.

JENKINS BROS.

80 White Street New York

524 Atlantic Avenue Boston

133 North Seventh Street Philadelphia

646 Washington Boulevard Chicago

Jenkins Bros., Limited

Montreal, Canada London, England

FACTORIES: Bridgeport, Conn.; Elizabeth, N. J. ;

Montreal, Canada.

ON HOUSE 6§? GARDEN'S BOOKSHELF

ANEW book by Mrs. Frances King
is always an event in American
horticulture, for she is one of those in-
defatigable women who are working to
make gardening a vital part of our na-
tional life. From time to time House
& Garden has been fortunate in having
her name on its pages; some of that
material is now gathered into book
form.

"The Little Garden" (Atlantic
Monthly Press, Boston) is an attempt —
and a successful one — to compact the
necessary information regarding the
making and maintenance of small gar-
dens into a little space. The book has
only 94 pages, but it contains all the re-
quired information generously sprinkled
with that same garden wisdom which is
characteristic of all of Mrs. King's writ-
ings. The charts are especially valuable.

"DAGES From A Garden Notebook"
f (Charles Scribner's Sons, New
York) is for more advanced gardeners,
but its horticultural sophistication is so
charmingly written that the veriest be-
ginner will comprehend and enjoy its
pages. Some of the chapters will be
remembered by readers of House &
Garden — "Lilacs and Other Spring
Flowers", "Pages From a Garden Note-
book", "An English Garden in Spring",
"On Forming a Garden Club" and
"Summer Thoughts in Winter". The
review of the American seed catalog is
quite an unusual contribution, and Mrs.
King's appreciation of the Arnold Ar-
boretum makes a charming and worthy
chapter.

In Mrs. King's writing there is rarely
that controversial note which one
detects so often in Glutton - Brock's
"Studies in Gardening", but there is a
level-headed garden wisdom which is
not to be swayed by this or that new
gardening fad. Mrs. King has become

to American garden lovers what Ger-
trude Jekyll is to the British. We could
not recommend more pleasant or fruit-
ful winter reading for gardeners than
these "Pages From a Garden Notebook".

TO all that great army of gaiden
lovers, experienced as well as be-
ginning, who seek a handy reference
work in one volume that touches all
phases of ornamental and utility plant-
ing work, the fourth and enlarged edi-
tion of the Garden Guide (A. T. De La
Mare Co., New York), comes as a
happy ending of the quest. Written by
such authorities as Rockwell, Kains,
Britton, Seymour, White and others,
and edited with a thorough understand-
ing of the niche in the garden library
which it is designed to fill, this ex-
cellent 380-page handbook is devoid of
technical expressions which might puzzle
the layman. It is "boiled down" to the
very essence of practicality, with a
note of contagious enthusiasm in its
introductory passages which is sure to
arouse gardening ambitions.

A brief summary of its contents
shows chapters on raising vegetables,
fruits and flowers; planning, planting
and maintaining the home grounds, the
suburban garden and the city lot; the
care of roses and other special flower
favorites, of hardy plants, trees, shrubs,
lawns, porch plants and window boxes;
tree and shrub pruning, propagation,
fertilizers, soils, diseases and insect pests,
weeds, tools, winter storage, canning,
attracting birds, garden furniture, etc.,
etc. Nearly 300 plans, diagrams and
informative photographs supplement the
text and crystallize its teachings.

We cannot too strongly recommend
the Garden Guide to all who are look-
ing for a clear-cut, accurate survey of
the whole subject of the home grounds
and their planting.

HOW TO TRANSPLANT

IN order to get the best results from
the early garden great care must be
taken in moving the young plants
from one setting to another as growth
demands more space and richer food.
Generally speaking, the less the roots
are disturbed the better, but when they
are first taken from the seed bed,
whether it be flowerpot, flat, or open
ground, the tap root must of course be
exposed and it should be pinched off
about half its length before resetting.
This induces the formation of a bunch
of small rootlets which will produce
good sturdy stems and branches and also
facilitate later transplantings. If the
leaf growth is heavy in proportion to
the root, as in lettuce, cabbage, etc.,
pinch back about half.

After this first moving the roots
should be disturbed as little as possible,
and where only a few plants of a va-
riety are required, such as extra early
tomatoes or egg-plants, it is better to
place each one in a 2" or 3" pot where
it can remain until it is safe to set out
in the garden. Be sure then, however,
to cut off the bunch of matted roots
which will be found at the base of the
pot. Where hotbed space is limited, fill
shallow boxes with good rich earth and
set the seedlings far enough apart so
that you can cut around each with a
sharp knife or a transplanting trowel.
The final setting out in the open is
perhaps the most important moving of
all, for then the plants must meet more
severe weather conditions. Wilting is
as usual the great thing to guard against,
and the work should be done after the
sun is low, or better still on a cloudy
day. . Be sure the soil in the box is wet
enough to hold together in a ball round
the roots, then prepare the hole, cut the
plant carefully from the box, firm the
roots well in the new position, and
water generously, filling in with loose

earth after the water has soaked away.
Do not depend upon watering after the
hole is all filled, for this does not sup-
ply the roots with the necessary amount
of moisture and also cakes the surface.

Even under the most favorable con-
ditions it is wise to protect newly set
plants from direct sunlight for one or
two days, removing the covering at
night. Newspaper cones, empty berry
boxes, or inverted flowerpots are con-
venient for this purpose. Plants from
the seedsman or the green-grocer are
seldom as vigorous as those raised in
your own hotbed and will therefore re-
quire more careful handling. If the
roots of these have been bruised or al-
lowed to get very dry, trim off about a
quarter of their length with a pair of
sharp scissors, and be sure they are well
spread out in the hole before covering.
Remember that a bruised root or a
broken root is worse than no root at all.
In all transplanting to permanent loca-
tions it is well to leave a decided de-
pression around the stem for a few days
so that more generous watering may be
given, and if the soil is heavy enough
to cake, it should be well loosened each
morning to admit the air, for plants
breathe through their roots as well as
through their leaves. As soon as it is
evident that they are well established
this depression may be filled in.

As a rule the sturdiest looking plants
are the best, but one need never be
afraid of "leggy" tomatoes, especially in
the later varieties. The tomato will
root the entire length of the stem if
given a chance, so always set them in
"up to their chins", and fine growth
will result. When placing them in the
garden the bunch of roots should lie
4" to 6" deep, the stem being drawn
slantingly to the surface, leaving only
two or three pairs of leaves above the
ground. MARY NELMS.

'nVji

•

-..

Pound wise

IHERE is a false thrift, and a real thrift.

False thrift orders the cheapest and vaguely
hopes for the best.

Real thrift, insisting on the best, finds that in
the long run the best is usually the cheapest.

In homes where real thrift prevails you are
very likely to find the IDEAL TYPE A HEAT
MACHINE. The owners of such homes buy it be^
cause it gives perfect warmth; and are delighted
to discover later — after a winter's use — that it
pays for itself in the fuel it saves.

If you plan to build ot
remodel, send for our
book about the IDEAL

TYPE A HEAT MA-

CHINE. Mail your re-
quest to either address
below.

AMERICAN RADIATOR COMPANY

104 West 42nd Street

NEW YORK

^Makers of the famous IDEAL '•Boilers and ^AMERICAN Radiators

Dept. 23

816 So. Michigan Ave.

CHICAGO

March, 1922

House & Garden

THE APRIL CONCERTO

ONE of the most fascinating sights at a
symphony concert is the man who plays
the kettle drums. First he thumps one, then he
thumps another, each with a different tone,
then he tunes 'em up and touches them ever so
lightly to see if they are all right; then he
thwacks them again. Sometimes it's just a
touch to round out a note, sometimes a regu-
lar, low beating, like the pulsations of the heart,
and at other times he seems determined to
drown out all the other instruments by his con-
catenation.

Preparing issues of HOUSE & GARDEN is just
like that. Half a dozen subjects have to be
touched and made to respond. March and its
garden Allegro energico is no more over than
we have to twist the keys and tune up for the
interior decoration adagio. And while the gar-
den concerto is being played fortissimo, the
decoration notes in the same issue must be
pianissimo and the architectural notes a good
mezzo, voce. If only one note and that too
loudly is played, it will drown out the other
instruments in the orchestra of reader appeal.

So when you go through an issue of HOUSE

The charm of a room is found

in the grouping and details of its

furniture. This is one of many

in the April issue

& GARDEN you can visualize its editor as a
rather agile, stout little man with a shining
bald pate, surrounded by the glittering battery
of kettle drums of gardening and landscaping,
decoration and furnishing, building and archi-
tecture and house equipment, thumping now
soft on one, now loud, drubbing and thwacking
and beating, tuning up and tuning down. And
all for the same purpose as the man in the
orchestra — to give roundness and finish to the
notes in that joyous symphony of home creation.
In this April concerto of decoration there are
some brilliant passages, as the critics would say;
the theme is carried all the way through.
There isn't very much languorous reverse, to
be sure, or many muted phrases; it has a quick
animated movement from start to finish. From
the start of the editorial page, which is now
placed, as you notice in this issue, in front of
the frontispiece, to the last page of reading mat-
ter in the number, there is a constant repeti-
tion of this decoration motif, relieved here and
there by notes of landscaping and vegetable
gardening, small and large houses, practical
kitchen data and pages of shop things.

Contents for March, 1922. Volume XLI, No. Three

COVER DESIGN BY H. GEORGE BRANDT

EDITORIAL — THE MALE AND FEMALE OF IT 21

THE MERIT OF WINDING STAIRS 22

OVAL GARDENS FOR DIFFICULT SITES 23

Elsa Rehmann
THE HOME OF GEORGE DE FOREST LORD, WOODMERE, N. Y 26

W. H. Beers &• F. C. Farley, Architects
THE ROMANCE OF SCENTS 28

William Beebe
AN UNUSUAL ENTRANCE 29

A. J. Thomas, Architect

GARDENS OVERSEAS 30

PACES FROM OLD GARDEN BOOKS 32

PAINTED TAPESTRIES 34

Giles Edgerton
WHEN WILL THEY COME UP? 35

Ralph Mornington
THE HOME OF RUDYARD KIPLING, BATEMANS, BUR WASH, SUSSEX 36

Sir Ambrose Paynter, Architect
THE PAWPAW — AN AMERICAN FRUIT 38

Henry C. Finck
A LITTLE PORTFOLIO OF GOOD .INTERIORS 39

IF You ARE GOING To BUILD 42

Mary Fanton Roberts
THE ROSE IN AMERICA TODAY 44

J. Horace McFarland

HOUSE & GARDEN'S GARDENING GUIDE 45

TREES FOR THE GARDEN 48

H. Stuart Ortloff
AN ADOBE CALIFORNIA HOME 50

James Osborne Craig, Architect
TREE FRUITS TO PLANT THIS SPRING 5 1

Robert S. Lemmon

SILVER — A STUDY IN PRECIOUS EFFECTS 52

NATURALIZED NARCISSUS 53

WHERE PRACTICAL GARDENING MAY BE LEARNED 54

Ella Wister Haines

A GROUP OF THREE HOUSES 55

WHAT You SHOULD KNOW ABOUT ELECTRICITY 58

Ethel R. Peyser
RICH COLOR IN A SMALL KITCHEN 59

Mrs. A. De Voo Cummings, Decorator

THE BACKYARD CONTEST OF THE LITTLE GARDEN CLUB 60

FOR SPRING AND SUMMER GARDENS 62

THE GARDENER'S CALENDAR 64

Subscribers are notified that no change of address can
be effected in less than one month.

I'XDER THE ACT OF MARCH 3. 1879. PRINTED IN THE U. S. A.

House &• Garde

THE HAPPINESS THAT COMES FROM LIVING

in the midst of color is so
easy to acquire and yet many
women are afraid of it. They
are haunted by unhappy mem-
ories of Aunt Abigail's front
parlor — a terrific riot of reds
and blues, yellows and greens,
with the flowers on the cur-
tains fighting with the fruits
onthe furniture, and the fruits
on the furniture swearing at
the figures on the carpet.

But that nerve-racking
confusion wasn't really the
fault of the colors. It was the
fault of the figures. With a
plain background you can
have as many bright and joy-
ous shades as you want —
striped and figured hangings
and gaily painted furniture
blooming with decalcomania
flowers (they're in vogue
again, you know) — so longas
you cover your floor with a
single-toned Klearflax rug,
thick and reversible.

Some Suggestions for
Decoration

A PARTICULARLY
effective dining-room
might have a floor painted or
tiled in black and white on
which a mole Klearflax rug is
placed. The panelled walls are
painted aleaf green, and green
taffeta curtains, andgreen and
tan striped chair covers com-
plete the color scheme. Light-
ing fixtures of crystal and jet
add a sparkling accent.

A library should have dig-
nity, and walls and fabrics
should not be of too pro-
nounced a pattern since the
bindings of the books are so
decorative. The walls may
be done in warm tan, with an

A bed room to be happy in it pictured above. The warm rant of the Klearflax rug is the foundation for the
decorative Ifhfme. The panelled vjullt are fainted cafe au lait with molding! of a bright loft blue, the
tolor of the painted bed and tablt and the'lacquertd mirror. The armchair is upholstered luxuriously in
Ulhel of roses velvet with sides of striped taffeta. Crisp rose organdie makes the bed-spread and tamp-
lhade, and iharp notes of contrast are given by the clear jade of the imall bovjt and lamp.

WHAT KLEARFLAX IS

KLEARFLAX is a beautiful, thick,
heavy, reversible, long-wearing floor
covering made entirely of pure (flax) linen.
This linen (flax), the sturdiest of all textile
fibres, is stiff when new, for unlike the in-
dividual strands of cotton, silk, or wool,
flax fibreis composed of bundles or grouped
strands. This characteristic stiffness of new
linen makes Klearflax endurance and
beauty inseparable forever, for new beauty
comes as use and wear work their soften-
ing and refining magic in separating these
grouped strands.

A small quantity of these unseparated
fibres are purposely re-
tainedinthe yarnfor stif-
fening. Only with your
hand can you detect their
seeming harshness, and
though theKlearflax sur-
face soon wears smooth,

learFIa

LINEN RUGS

Registered U. S. Patent Office

the reinforcing fibres still remain buried
in the yarn to give that sturdiness and
flat-lying quality so essential in a good
rug.

Klearflax weave and color are being im-
itated with yarns of dead wool, hemp, jute,
grass, or paper, which cover an even poorer
warp substitute. For years we have pio-
neered in the development of an all-flax linen
yarn, fostering the culture of American
grown flax for textile uses. Our efforts have
produced the only rug that improves with
wear — one that you can always tell by its
sturdy feel. To protect you against the
cheap unsatisfactorysub-
stitutes which havesprung
up as an inevitable result
of Klearflax success, you
will find our trade-mark
in the binding or on the
guarantee label attached.

In rugs or by the yard. Also any size or shape on special order.

English Jacobean chintz for
hangings, in vivid blue, ma-
roon, and green. The furni-
ture is covered with this
chintz, a few pieces being
done in a bottle green fabric
shot with maroon. The rug
is the lovely green Klearflax,
a restful color for a restful
room.

A Clean Rug That
Improves With Wear

PILE fabrics hide and ab-
sorb dirt. Klearflax resists
dirt. Its firm, tight weave pre-
vents spots and dust from
penetratingandbecomingim-
bedded. Easy work to keep
Klearflax clean with broom
or vacuum. Surface soil and
spots vanish when rubbed with
acloth wrungout in Ammonia
or Carbona, and all the time
you knowyour rugs areclean.
And fresh, too! For as the
yarn is dyed before it is spun,
vigorous brushing freshens
the surface and up comes the
inimitable flush of Klearflax
color.

No wonder, then, that
many love their old Klear-
flax, if anything, better than
new, for Klearflax actually
improves with wear — be-
comes softer and more silk-
like. Professional cleaners re-
bind and, if desired, re-dye
Klearflax even after seeming-
ly hopeless abuse, and this is
only possible because of the
age-old enduring pure linen
of which Klearflax alone, of
all floor coverings, is made.

A catalog in color, giving
essentials of and suggestions
for correct room decoration,
will be sent free on request.

KLEARFLAX LINEN RUG COMPANY

NEW YORK

DULUTH, MINN.

CHICAGO

BOSTON

March, 1922

THE MALE AND FEMALE OF IT

As Seed Catalogs Prove, Flowers Are a Female Diversion for
Those Who Seek Beauty; Whereas Vegetables Are the Masculine
Portion Because They Feed a Man and Satisfy His Weaknesses

FOR some time I've been puzzling over the problem of why
most men prefer to grow vegetables. It seems almost an
axiom that, in the gardening world, flowers are the feminine por-
tion and vegetables the masculine. Whether the idea is tenable or
not, one generally thinks that cultivating vegetables demands the
superior strength of men, that it requires more muscle exertion and
endurance to hill up a patch of corn than it does to hoe a patch
of asters. Again, some estimable people think the vegetable en-
dowed with more masculine qualities than the flower. This may
be so. I've never seen anything masculine in a radish, I must
confess, and as for pole beans, they are the very incarnation of
the feminine clinging vine.

This problem bothered me until the new batch of spring cata-
logs arrived. Heretofore I have turned directly to the flower pages
because I was most interested in them; this time a sense of duty
made me read about the vegetables. I learned some strange facts.

VEGETABLES are deliberately named, pictured and baited
to appeal to certain obvious masculine weaknesses. They
appeal to a man's innate habit of boasting, to his unblushing love
of food, to his illogical method of judging the value of an object
by its size.

Turn to the vegetable names. Visualize the proud gardener,
his chest expanded, his face glowing with the smile of pride.
About him, line on line, are the rows of his vegetables. Does he
speak of his peas as being Snow-on-the-Mountain or Love-in-a-
Mist? No! He calls them Early Giant, World's Record, Boun-
tiful, Ideal, Prizewinner, Dwarf Defiance, Superlative, Abund-
ance, Phenomenon, First of All, Ne Plus Ultra, Matchless, Per-
petual, Fillbasket, Peerless, Premium, American Wonder, Pride
of the Market. He speaks of his beans as Kings of the Garden
and Early Leviathan. His beets as Eclipse. His watermelon
as Mammoth Ironclad. His lettuce as Big Boston and Mammoth
Salamander. His cabbage as All Heart.

Not satisfied with this boasting he needs must display his gour-
met's avarice in their names. To him all vegetables are succulent,
and he rolls the word sensuously around in his mouth. He fairly
drools in anticipation of them. He names a watermelon Yellow
Ice Cream, a lettuce California Cream Butter, a cabbage Tender
and True, a muskmelon Delicious Gold Lined. And to show
what it does to people who eat it, he calls his corn Howling Mob.

As to the male pride of size, turn to any vegetable catalog.
Here's a pumpkin as big as an alderman's corporation. Here are
beans towering into the empyrean like the Woolworth Building.
Here is a solitary onion completely filling the inside of a No. 8
Stetson. Here are ears of corn as long as baseball bats and to-
matoes as big as balloons.

FLOWERS, on the other hand, are sentimental, shy and
modest. They hide their beauty behind Latin names difficult
to pronounce and hard to understand. The lovely crimson-spotted
evening primrose veils its identity under the forbidding name of

Oenothera Bistorta Veitchii. True, there are a few asters referred
to as Giant and Comet and some ageratums that are labeled Per-
fection and once in a while through the Latin there sounds — like
a sudden blare of brass in a pastoral monotony of muted strings
— a shout of Splendens and Flore Plena! But they are not usual.
There is rarely any talk of gigantic sizes. Let the cosmos grow to
six feet, let the verbena sprawl amazingly, yet of these there is
little boasting. And the names these flowers are given — Love
Lies Bleeding, Heart's Ease, Virgin's Bower, Mourning Bride,
Fairy Lily, Gold Dust, Forget-me-not, Baby's Breath — feminine
and tender and picturesque and quaint, every one of them.

FLOWERS are a proof that man does not live by bread alone.
Vegetables he grows for his stomach's sake, flowers for his
heart and soul. The one stimulates and satisfies the appetite, the
other stimulates aspiration and has a heavenly way of satisfying it.
Flowers are necessary to a complete life. We should plan to grow
so many rows of asters and zinnias each year just as we figure on
the table requiring so many rows of potatoes and bush beans.
Let us plan to feed the heart as well as the stomach.

And yet the heart cannot be expected to function unless the
stomach is well supplied.

Oscar Wilde observed that the empty stomach was a cause of
revolutions. The historian Buckle attributed the discontent in
Ireland to the fact that the peasant lived mainly on potatoes and
fish.

As in peoples so in individuals. It may be vulgar to remind
ourselves of the fact, but it is a solemn truth that the high road
to a man's heart lies through his stomach. The finest and best
counsel that can be given a bride is to "feed the brute." Lack of
food or food poorly prepared is at the bottom of more marital
discontent than all the whiskey ever drunk. Romance is a fine
thing and by it many a maid has captured her man, but to keep
him at her side through better and worse let her see that he is well
fed. For while man may \x made in the image of God, that
Divine Wisdom also endowed him with a stomach, and, as if to
set the example, there is a powerful lot of good eating and drink-
ing in the Bible. The paunch and cheerful countenance of the
glutton are preferable to the lean and hungry look of the Puritan.
Let us not despise the gourmet; his life has its divine aspects.

BECAUSE of these reasons, the average seedman's catalog
presents the ideal balance of life. The vegetable pages are
a veritable gourmet's guide to gastronomic delights, they satisfy
the petty, forgivable and altogether human vices of the male; the
flower pages are a guide to spiritual affairs — to beauty, to the
refreshing love of color and the benison of fragrance that at all
times have symbolized the ideal of womankind. These two to-
gether make a full life. And the ideal is attained when the vege-
table-loving male can also enjoy the tenderness of flowers that
reflect the beauty of Heaven; when the flower-loving female can
listen, with a reasonable amount of patience, to the boasts of him
who grows onions as big as a hat.

House & Garden

Harting

THE MERIT OF WINDING STAIRS

Upon the stairs depends much of the individ-
uality and character of the hall. If they run
straight up. they are commonplace. If they
have a landing, they are both easier to ascend
and more pleasant to look upon. But for real
beauty build winding stairs. They require less
room than the ordinary type and the sweep of
the curves is a relief to the otherwise rec-

tangular aspect of the hallway. In the home
of Mrs. Monroe Douglas Robinson, at Syos-
set, L. I., the hallway is a bright, sunny spot,
furnished with old hooked rugs and early
American pieces, but its crowning glory is
the winding stairs with delicately turned, white
balusters, curving, broad treads, graceful newels
and slim mahogany rails

March. 1922

OVAL GARDENS FOR DIFFICULT SITES

In Landscaping to Ground Contour Lie Many Possibilities for Charming Effects — The Oval Garden May
Be the Solution for that Irregular Site Which Has Been Puzzling You

ELSA REHMANN

TO mold a garden to contours
is to have a plastic apprecia-
tion of the landscape. To
adapt the form of a garden to the
existing undulations of the ground
is to interpret the very character of
the country. In the plan of a gar-
den you should be able to read the
conditions upon which it was de-
veloped.

Walls and terraces, stairways
and cascades are signs of the dra-
matic interpretations of abrupt
slopes and hillsides. Large water
basins, long vistas, great formal
gardens are signs of almost thea-
t r i c a 1 interpretations of level
grounds. Gardens that have curv-
ing lines show that they have
adapted themselves simply and, let
us say, lyrically to gently rolling
country. That is perhaps why
oval gardens have such placid
charm. An oval adapts itself so
gently to easy contours. It melts
into the moderate undulations of
the landscape. Demanding no
revolutionary changes in grades, it
achieves its effectiveness without
conscious effort.

Oval gardens, I think, are rare.
One reason is because a great many
country houses today, those that
consider the garden as a real part
of the house plan, demand a more
formal — or to be more exact a
rectangular — basis for the design
of the immediate surroundings of
the house. In creating these sur-
roundings the ground is apt to be
remodeled to fit them. On the
other hand, there are houses that
do not demand these formal sur-
roundings, houses that do not dom-
inate over their settings, houses
that seem to merge with the very
landscape. They are at home be-
side the hedgerow and the rugged
edge of the woods. They like the
brook to run beneath their very
windows Thpv arp surround pel

by lawns that gradually turn into
field and pasture with winding riv-
er and hills in the distance.
Meandering paths winding their
way brooklike between flower
borders, wild gardens and rocker-
ies. Lawns with naturalistic flow-
er planting around them are often
best adapted to such houses. Then
again, there seems a middle course,
situations where the house requires
less dominant lines for its adjoin-
ing gardens and where the sur-
rounding country desires less rug-
ged treatment of its garden fore-
grounds. Sometimes when this
happens there is a chance for an
oval garden.

An oval is a formal geometric
figure, to be sure, but an oval gar-
den can be as informal as may be.
An oval garden can be almost wild
in character and yet the gentleness
of its curving line keeps it from
being too rugged in treatment. An
oval garden can be the very ex-
pression of delicacy, for the soft-
ness of its line accentuates exquis-
iteness in flower planting. What
a garden of straight lines and rec-
tangular forms gains in strength
the oval garden gains in serenity,
and the continuity of its curving
line makes it an emblem of repose.

While the garden of straight lines and rectangular forms gains strength,
the oval garden creates serenity and becomes a perfect emblem of
repose. In it there need be no pavements, but only the soft carpet of
grass under foot. A simple pool in the center there may be, and a
wooden bench at the vista's end. In place of walls or hedges, the
more natural enclosure of trees and shrubs — the whole a park-like
spot of unique, charm at the home of Mrs. Bayard Dominick, Rumson,

House & Garden

Oval gardens demand no pave-
ments but love the soft carpet of
grass under foot. Sometimes, to be
sure, stepping stones with wide
grass joints between wander gladly
around them. Oval gardens de-
mand no architectural features to
accentuate their beauty. Some-
times, to be sure, a simple pool can
be placed in the center, or a wooden
seat is enough of a feature for the
eye to dwell upon at the farthest
curve. Oval gardens have no need
of walls or even of hedges, for they
like the more natural enclosures of
shrubs and trees. That is why,
perhaps, they fit into old-fashioned
parklike places; why they are at
home in the midst of fields with
orchard backgrounds, and why they
nestle into little clearings in wood-
lands.

Here are three oval gardens.
Take the first one shown. I made
my first visit to the place one bit-
ter cold day in January when the
house was empty and snow cov-
ered the ground. There was little
that was inviting for those first
impressions from which gardens
grow. Even the ground in the
midst of scattered trees lit then by
a faint winter sun I knew would
be deep in shadow by early sum-
mer. It was, however, this very
spot in the shelter of an evergreen
windbreak along the boundary of
the property that promised to be-
come a garden — primarily because
it was on the axis of wide steps
that lead down from an old-fash-
ioned porch almost a story above
the ground. An oval shape was
chosen for the garden primarily be-
cause its curving line drew the
scattered oaks and maples together
into a protecting enclosure. Not
only that. An oval effaced the
necessity of grading the slightly
sloping ground and seemed best
fitted for a quiet shady garden
which appeared almost like a sunk-

Tke second garden, became an oval because that jorm was so easily
adaptable to the sitting and disguised the unevenness oj the ground,
besides permitting really formal planting in a manner suggestive oj
Nature's own arrangements. All the flowers and shrubs in the en-
closure are placed so as to complete the continuity of the oval, in
balanced groups succeeding each other in regular sequence. The plant-
ing inside the stepping stone path is planned for a succession of flower-
ing effects. It is the garden of Miss Helen W. Gray, Stamford, Conn.

en garden when seen from the deck-like porch.

It became a garden full of shade-loving
plants, in reality a green garden, for the foliage
effects with all their varying greens of saxi-
frage and violas, of tiarella and pachysandra,
of columbines and meadow rues, of ferns and
funkias, of laurels and abelias, of clethras,
New Jersey teas, viburnums and cornels were
considered more carefully than the flowers. As
a green garden it is valuable, too, as a foil for
the great horseshoe-shaped border of bright
flowers that encloses the lawn in the sunlight
beyond.

In the middle of the grass oval that lies
within this shadow-laden enclosure is an oval
pool. Evergreen evonymus creeps over the
brick coping and here and there where a bit
of sunlight seeps in a Silver Moon rose trails
over the coping so luxuriantly that its long
streamers almost hang into the water. And all
around are vines, honeysuckle and clematis

and perennial pea so intermingled
that they look like a great green
wreath adorned here and there
along the edge with forget-me-nots
in luxuriant masses.

The second garden is quite dif-
ferent. A lovely autumn day
brought me to a quiet house in the
country where a little living porch
opened upon a lawn that sloped
gently away to an orchard with
woodlands beyond. This second
garden became an oval because it
adapted itself so easily to the set-
ting, because it disguised the un-
evenness of the ground — it tilts
slightly to the east, so that one side
of the garden is a foot or more
lower than the other — and because
it made possible the use of plant-
ing that was really gardenesque in
character in such a manner that it
would suggest more naturalistic
material.

All the planting is arranged in
such a way that in effect at least
it completes the continuity of the
oval. All the shrubs in the en-
closure are so arranged, the Persian
lilacs in balanced groups, the com-
mon lilacs scattered singly be-
tween, the clumps of forsythia and
of bridal-wreath at stated intervals.
All the flowers in the outer borders
are arranged with this same idea
in mind, larkspurs and hollyhocks,
cosmos and asters distributed in
balanced clumps, yellow day lilies
and Harrison Yellow roses and
dahlias spotted singly through the
borders, iris in sweeping curves,
scattered daffodils followed by
bands of annual phlox and sca-
biosa, even the intermingled edging
plants along the stepping stone
path are arranged to accentuate the
oval lines of the garden.

And within the stepping stone
path the same idea is carried out.
Peonies are spaced at equal inter-
vals, laurels and fragrant azaleas
are scattered between them, clumps
of wild roses are placed at the ends of each
segment with clumps of white chrysanthemums
near by. Each variety, as it comes into bloom,
accentuates the shape of the garden. This is
a succession of single effects quite complete in
itself, planned so that whatever neglect the rest
of the garden might receive these borders in
full view of the house would remain perma-
nent and of good appearance. Within this
border are white daffodils and poet's narcissus
planted as a kind of repeat pattern, a clump
or two of each kind in each of the four seg-
ments of the oval. When their flowers disap-
pear, Convolulus minor, the dwarf morning
glory, is sown over the top to make a broad
edging around the grass. Even in the very
earliest of the effects Golden Spur daffodils
that fringe the grass are planted one by one in
a quaint row all around the oval grass plot.
A July day brought me to a third place.
From the door of the living hall I looked out

March, 1922

upon a bare lawn bounded by a
stiff clipped hedge and surround-
ed by neighboring places that
with their old trees reminded me
of English parks. Now, twin
English elms break the line of
the hedge and create a vista into
the park beyond and flower
gardens are tucked away on one
side where before there was just
a useless triangle of sloping
ground. You can see them in the
plan — a little round ante-garden
enclosed with Japanese dogwoods
and Persian lilacs full of light
blue flowers with a sundial in the
center; an oval garden built half
into the slope with a pool in the
middle festooned, as it were, with
boxwood edging; and besides an
added bit of interest in a shady
path that wanders up and down
along two sides of the triangle.

Gardens are sometimes such
exquisite little places that when
they are very near big houses they
need to be so hidden away in
secluded corners like jewels in
their cases. Everything else on
a place can be quite obvious and

A sloping triangle of ground was the basis on which the third garden
was built. Flower gardens fill the once useless corner at the left, and
English elms help to create a vista which leads into the park beyond.
The garden proper is really in two parts — a little round ante-garden
with a sundial in the center, and the larger oval portion around a
simple pool. A shady path leads off to the left toward the corner
of the property, then swings to the right again to join the main garden
axis. This is the garden of Horace A. Saks at Elberon, N. J.

in full view, but a garden can be
a surprise. It is sometimes just
such awkward situations, such
tilted ground and such irregular
shapes, that hold fascinating pos-
sibilities.

I like to think of this oval
garden as I saw it last July when
it was just a year old. There
were verbenas and forget-me-nots
and polyantha roses in the center
beds and there were pinks and
lobelias, annual larkspurs and
annual phlox and Delphinium-
belladonna in the outer borders.
They made a delicately embroi-
dered pattern in buff and pink,
blush and blue and a bit of rosy
scarlet between the scrolled box-
wood edging and the arborvitae
enclosure.

\Yithin its simple shape the
oval holds a treasure horde.
With every elaboration of the de-
sign, enlarging the garden into
whole scries of concentric ovals,
grows the wonder of its effects.
Even these three simple plans
hold many a suggestion for a va-
riety of situations.

House &• Garden

Wlesun 63-

/n fco/A <Ae design of the house and its furnishing the
traditions of the American home have been main-
tained. The essential ideals of comfort and simplic-
ity are preserved. The living room is of excellent
proportions, generous in size without being too large.
The ancient effect of a low ceiling is given by the
two boxed beams and the wide mantel. Walls are
paneled and painted cream. Against this is hung a
colorful chintz. Furniture is mainly early American

To a certain degree the house suggests "Westover"
and the other plantation homes on the Jame: River.
This rear loggia commands a view of many miles of
unbroken country. It is a deep shadowed veranda
with slender columns, a paved stone floor and an en-
trance pronounced by a wide door, with a wrought
iron balcony and Palladian window above. The
French doors and blinds are characteristic. An old
'lantern also preserves the traditions

THE HOME OF

GEORGE DE FOREST LORD

WOODMERE, N. Y.

W. H. BEERS and F. C. FARLEY

Architects

March, 1922

J Irll

7*&e (owg lines of the house have been accented by the
terrace that runs in front of it, a wide terrace support-
ed by a concrete wall on which is an iron balustrade.
At the middle it is broken by steps leading to the
lower level of the entrance drive. A high wall as-
sures privacy. The house is built of whitewashed
brick, with a roof of gray shingles. Sleeping porches
are on each end, continuing the dignity of balance
established by the windows and chimneys

.<*..

In the right wing is a breakfast porch leading off the
dining room, and above it is a. sleeping porch. Both
of these are latticed and screened in; eventually vines
will cover them. The wall shown here separates the
front approach and lawn from the service yard and
garage, which are reached through the gate. In its
design and location this arrangement is reminiscent
of the passage leading to the servants' quarters and
kitchen at Mount Vernon

A LARGE

COLONIAL HOUSE IN THE
SOUTHERN STYLE

CHARLES W. LEAVITT

Landscape Architect

House & Garden

THE

ROMANCE

O F

SCENTS

Pleasant or Unpleasant, the Odours of Flowers Serve a Distinct Purpose
in the Life of Plants and Animals and Mankind

WILLIAM BEEBE

Among the scents of spring
distinctive than that oj

CONVENTIONALITY demands
that we exercise only three-fifths
of our sensory relations with fel-
low human beings. A friend ap-
proaches— we voice a greeting, we
listen for the reply, and we clasp hands.
But although flavored lip-sticks may
have been invented, we must go to New
Guinea for the serving of Long Pig.
How humorous and absurd are the dic-
tates for the person qui sent! In the
conservatory he is permitted to enjoy
the odour of the rose, but the most
evanescent of whiffs from the distant
kitchen must be ignored. He may kiss
milady's hand, but he may not inhale
the delicate emanation from her palm.
Yet she often challenges this very sense
with some one of a hundred delicate
perfumes — filched from the kingdoms
of the animal or the plant.

As we well know, racial body odours
are as distinct as physiognomy — the
musky scent of the Negro, the strange
spicy odor of the East Indian, the
sudsy whiff of the Mongolian, and —
so we are told — the scent as of mutton
of the Anglo-Saxon and the Latin.

Our near-sighted, keen-nosed dogs
tell us that individual odours are as distinct to them, and a month
in jungle or forest clears our own nostrils of the films of gasoline,
leather, oil, soot, tar, and the hundred and one smells of our cities
which deaden the sense until it hardly functions. Then, and then
only, do we know the joy of full-sensed life.

Many of us, besides the Breakfast Autocrat, know that "memory,
imagination, old sentiments and associations, are more readily
reached through the sense of smell than by almost any other chan-
nel." And it is significant that kings of old brought as gifts to
the infant Jesus, gold — and two perfumes.

No one in the jungle can fail to stop enchanted at the sight of
a vast lavender blanket of vine flowers thrown over the trees, or
to be brought to tense immobility by an abrupt, piercing scream
from some hidden creature. But when a wall of acrid scent strikes
the face like a tangible thing — the trail of some passing insect or
fleeing mammal — or when wave after wave washes down on a
gentle current of air from a host of invisible tree-top blossoms, if
these thrill us like colour or sound, we add the joy of a new,
primitive, animal perception to conscious • human appreciation, a
pleasure not to be withstood.

But such colours are not idle pigments spread for our artistic
enjoyment, the scream or song is not casual or meaningless, and
neither is scent distilled nor given forth by animal, insect or
flower without reason. When, as in decayed flesh, we find odour
as a mere by-product of chemical action, we soon discover that it
is mimicked by insect and flower for their own selfish, vital pur-
poses. Some blossoms smell like flesh, others like old fish. The
flowers of a relative of our strawberry-bush recall fermenting wine,
while there is an amusing prohibition thought in the fact that the
woody stems of the same plant have the odor of cloves!

Our jack-in-the-pulpit and especially skunk cabbage are past
masters in this art of mimetic deception and their trump card
is odour, all the rest following naturally.

Even before the snow is melted, while violets and anemones are
still inchoate sap, this lowly marsh plant sends forth its gas bar-
rage, in this case a summons to all the small folk to whom decay

none is more delicate nor
the lilac in full fiower

stands for the hope of coming life.
Up wind come midges in their thou-
sands, the scent becoming ever stronger
until they are led direct to the curled
leaves. Here the odour is re-inforced
by sight — the lure of scent diminishes
and the visitors begin to follow the
green line. The leaves have the very
colours of decaying flesh, yellowish-
green and purple, the entrance is
smooth and inviting, the interior,
sheltered from rain and wind, is often
twenty degrees warmer than the outer
air, and here in this sanctuary, midges,
flies and small carrion beetles collect,
performing their part of involuntary
fertilization, deceived in every sense.
So popular a resort are these fetid
spathes, that spiders, in their turn,
come within and spread their filmy en-
tanglements.

As for the odours pleasant to our
nostrils distilled by flowers, all were of
vital use ages before the first human
nose was fashioned. There are many
hundreds of groups of these scents,
classified not by their odour, but by
their chemical makeup. Indeed there
are all sorts of complexities, as in gar-
lic, where the leaves are noxiously scented to discourage the
browsing of sheep and cows, while the flowers are honey-sweet to
attract insects. Other flowers smell like vanila in the morning and
violets toward dusk. And again we see bees visiting small, incon-
spicuous blossoms which to our senses are odorless, showing that
like the extreme vibrations of heat and sound, there are doubtless
odours too delicate for our detection.

Like rockets bursting in mid-air from their point of departure,
many flowers, such as those of the lime, yield a comparatively
faint odour when held in the hand, while at a distance of a hun-
dred feet or more, the air is heavy with their perfume.

There is a delicate adjustment, a conservation of odour in
flowers, those which are fertilized by honey bees becoming scent-
less at dusk when these insects have returned to their hive, at
which time other blooms first fling their perfumed invitations to
the keen-sensed fliers of the night.

I have paddled slowly through a maze of arching mangrove
roots at the close of day, when the breathless air seemed winnowed
of every particle of odour. Ten minutes later, in the quick-falling
tropic dusk, returning through the identical water-way, every
inhalation was heavy-sweet with the outpouring incense from the
myriad clumps of pale orchids clinging to the branches and over-
hanging roots.

The effect of the closing down of night was potent, instan-
taneous, remarkable in its power. A few minutes before, these
hundreds of blossoms gave forth not a hint of odour; now there
were thousands of tiny torrents of heavy scent overflowing the
petal cups, and pouring downward, spraying out in all directions,
summons as powerful as search-lights or trumpet blasts.

A tiny moth flew along the surface of the water, wavering,
irregularly, but holding a general steady -direction, headed for the
opposite shore. Suddenly a 'whiff of orchid perfume reached its
quivering antennae, and it turned as abruptly as if it had struck
against a tangible barrier. Swiftly up wind the insect retraced
its aerial track, straight to the nearest orchid cup, as an iron
(Continued on page 74)

March, 1922

Gillies

AN UNUSUAL ENTRANCE

The charm of this entrance to the home oj
Francis Keil at Scarsdale, If. Y. lies in the
fact that it is eminently suitable for the
materials used. The watts are rough stucco.
Above, casement windows are set in a hand-
adzed timber frame. The path and the
tlatjorm before the door are of rough flat

stones laid irregularly. To suit these ele-
ments, the simplest sort of entrance was
devised. The door is set in a deep, shadowy
recess. Each side the walls are rounded
and the span above has a slight curve.
Foundation planting adds materially to the
effect. A. J. Thomas was the architect

House & Garden

GARDENS OVER-
SEAS IN FRANCE
AND ENGLAND

(Left) The herb garden, laid out
on lines derived from the Italian
parterre, in geometric beds radiating
from a circle, is a style still to be
found in England. It is a relic of
early Italian influence on English
garden design. This example is at
St. Pagan's castle, near Cardiff

While the use of flower boxes is quite common here, we might

well adopt the French and Italian habit of setting out pots of

flowers in a row or in a colorful group, as shown in this view of

a French hostelry

The bathing pool at Coombe Bank,
near London, is an architectural fea-
ture of conventional stonework set
against a background of tall trees
and with rough grass growing right
down to the edge. The head of the
pool is marked by a stone bridge

This view of the roserie of M. Geor-
ges Truffaut at Versailles shows a
wall of flat stone edging the pool.
It is surmounted by a low wall and,
further along, by a pergola. A pro-
fusion of Dorothy Perkins roses
covers the bank

March, 1922

EIGHT NATIONAL
TYPES WHICH ARE
ADAPTABLE HERE

(Right) Dry wall gardening is exten-
sively practised in England and
should be more popular here than it
is. In a garden such as this En-
glish type, the wall supports the up-
per level. A broad herbaceous bor-
der and lawn fill one terrace. Then
come the wall and the lower level
of the rose garden

The garden of M. Sicault at Saint Cloud, France, shows a

remarkable water garden in a restricted area. A series oj small

pools laid out quite close to the house contain iris and other

luxuriant aquatic plants

One of the most picturesque of the
gardens in Golder's Green near Lon-
don is Madame Anna Pavlowa's at
Ivy House. From the more formal
planting near the house, irregular
turf walks lead down past the rose
garden and beds of herbaceous plants

The London garden is equivalent to
our city backyard garden, but both
its design and style differ from ours.
It is usually excavated to various
levels and laid out with stone paths
and dry walls. Flowers are tucked

intn S7/MMV rnrnprt

House & Garde

In Paxton's "Magazine of
Botany" for the year 1838 is
found this quaint conception
of a flower stand, to be exe-
cuted in brightly painted cast
iron

PAGES FROM OLD GARDEN BOOKS

THE report, published re-
cently in the gardening
press, that Curtis' "Bo-
tanical Magazine" would he
taken over by the Royal Horti-
cultural Society comes as
assuring news to all col-
lectors of old garden books.
For this magazine has enjoyed
publication since 1788 and
both its earlier and later num-
bers are much sought after.

Of equal interest to collect-
ors is Paxton's Magazine of
Botany, a series begun in 1834
and differing from Curtis in
that it published more general
gardening news and sugges-
tions. These two would form
a fair beginning for one de-
siring to collect old volumes on
this fascinating subject.

The sport would only then
be begun, however. Garden-
ing in the past has produced
hundreds of books that contain
not only contemporary obser-
vations of value to the student

Mignonette, as shown in "The

Botanical Magazine or Flower-

Garden Displayed," Volume I

1787

Quite 4 part From Their Interest to the Collector, These
Old Books Contain Many Practical Suggestions

In an old Dutch book of garden designs and accessories, "Magazijn van

1 um-Sieraaden," published in 1802, is found this amusing scheme for a

garden swing propelled by man power

of garden and flower history
but much valuable material
applicable to gardening today.
On these two pages we show
illustrations from Curtis, Pax-
ton and three other volumes
that represent only a small
fraction of the possibilities to
be found. Some are from the
Transactions of the Horticul-
tural Society, a fascinating
series, and the others from two
Dutch works. The later of the
two Dutch books, ''Magazijn
van Tuin-Sieraaden," pub-
lished in 1802, contains a
varied collection of designs for
garden layout, architecture-,
furniture and accessories. The
other, "Den Nederlandtsen
Hovenier," published in 1696,
shows designs for bulb gar-
dens, trelliage and sundials
and contains, in addition to a
gardener's calendar of each
month's work, observations on
bee keeping, cooking recipes,
wine-making, and so on.

A garden bench to rest between large rocks, as suggested by the
same Dutch work on gardening

Slatice sinuata has not changed

from the day Curtis showed it

in color in his "Botanical

Magazine"

March, 1922

Fig marigold as

Curtis pictured it

in Volume I of his

magazine

"Franklin's Tar-
tar," a scarlet
bizarre carnation,
Curtis, Vol. I

This design for a lattice rose arch as an
entrance to a garden is found in a fascinat-
ing volume of garden designs, "Den Neder-
landtsen Hovenicr," published in Amster-
dam in 1696

Design for a garden
chair from a 19th Cen-
tury Dutch volume

Chrysanthemums

from an English

book of 1824

The pyramid and pillar were favorite de-
vices used by nth Century Dutch garden-
ers, on which vines were trained and placed
at accent points in the garden. From "Den
Nederlandtsen Hovenier"

(Left) Designs

for bulb garden

of 1696

.-1 garden chair from

"Magazijn van Tuin-

Sieraaden"

This single wooden gate of simple
construction is found in an early
19th Century Dutch volume of gar-
den designs

A double gate for an entrance drive is

in the same book. It is applicable for

that purpose today

In this same work, "Magazijn van Tuin-
Sieraaden," is exhibited this plan for a sec-
tion of decorative wooden railing

A third design for double gates has

closed bottom panels and open tops.

It is a high gate, but could be easily

built

From the same "Maga-
zijn," comes this design
for a garden gate

Another single gate to

accompany the double

design above

Although more difficult to make

than the others, this Dutch design is

perfectly suitable for sotre modern

gardens

House & Garden

"The Boatyard at Noank" is a departure in mural pain-ting, which
the artist, Putnam Brinley, has catted "painted tapestries." Al-
though the subject is wholly modern, Mr. Brinley combines the

old Gothic colors in the scene, blue, red and green, and the general
effect is definitely that of an embroidered panel in spite of the
spirited movement that prevails in the design as a whole

PAINTED TAPESTRIES

A Whimsical Development in Decorative Art from
the Brush of Putnam Brinley

IN his "painted tapestries" Put-
nam Brinley has achieved a new
idea in wall decoration. He is
painting in oil on canvas, yet pro-
ducing the feeling of tapestry. He is
not working with a technique that
would imitate a tapestry stitch, but
with design and that curious hand-
ling of people and landscapes without
perspective, which is not only char-
acteristic of tapestry but of many old
Japanese watercolors.

These canvases are crowded with
detail, just as a tapestry is; but the
subjects Mr. Brinley uses and his
method of drawing are exceedingly
modern. Brilliant colors are em-
ployed after the manner of the old
Gothic embroidered panels. And in
an astonishing way the fashions of to-
day are woven into these designs —
short skirts, sailor hats, men in busi-
ness suits, horses and dogs, boats, the
sea, flowers and trees are brought to-
gether in interesting patterns. Just
as formerly, indolent ladies in trailing
gowns lolled at windows and knights
on gaily caparisoned steeds dashed
about to impress the ladies.

In the "painted tapestry" shown at
the National Arts Exhibition, called
"The Picnic," you feel movement
throughout the canvas : women hurry-

GILES EDGERTON

"The Picnic" ts also a "painted taspestry," with a slight sug-
gestion of a Japanese print, in series of groups without per-
spective. There is humour as well as poetry in the subject

ing about setting the tables, children
rushing up to see if the picnic lunch
is ready, young men arriving on
horseback, little dogs with an apprais-
ing eye on the lunch baskets. There
is no high light, no center of interest,
and this seems to be a mistake, al-
though it might be difficult to achieve
in a drawing without perspective.
There seems to be no one. figure or
tone more important than any other.
The effect is decorative- and the color
extremely well spotted, but the sense
of the canvas as a whole is confusing.
A cheerful inconsequential feeling
pervades the design, while the Gothic
colors seem quite suited to soft shirts,
tweeds and knickers.

Mr. Brinley did not deliberately
set out to create a new phase of art
in these "painted tapestries." Last
fall he found himself tired of painting
Connecticut in apple-blossom time
and Bermuda in winter sunlight, of
making lithographs that brought back
tragic war memories. Then one day
in his New Canaan studio the whim-
sical idea came to him to "paint"
tapestries. Why not? If the tapes-
tries of the 17th and 18th Centuries
told fascinating stories of their times,
why not everyday life of this century
(Continued on page 68)

March, 1922

WHEN

WILL THEY COME

UP?

After the Seeds Have Been Put in the Ground, One Watches Eagerly for Their
Sprouting — This Article Tells When to Expect It

RALPH MORNINGTON

THE seeds of our garden flowers, whether
perennials or annuals, or the seeds of
grasses, grains, trees, etc., are the fertil-
ized ovules with embryos formed within. Each
is an independent reproductive body contain-
ing a miniature dormant plant, which on ger-
mination gives rise to a plant like that from
which it came.

All seeds have an outer hard or brittle cov-
ering known as a seed coat which hermetically
seals the structure within and checks further
development or activity. The living cells pass
into the resting place and this protected struc-
ture with its dormant cells is the seed.

Germination is the awakening of the spore-
bearing generation, having power to assume a
definite living form. The seed coat is broken
or penetrated through some thin spot or open-
ing. The root tip emerges first and soon curves
toward the soil, sending out rootlets, and be-
comes anchored ; the hypocotyl or stem appears
then and forms a strong arch having one of its
limbs anchored. The stem straightens and the
cotyledons, which are somewhat oval or heart-
shaped seed leaves, spread out to the air and

light. Additional rootlets are formed, the
main stem grows, the first and second true
leaves appear and the generation is then estab-
lished.

By various devices seeds are separated from
the parent plant, either through natural efforts,
by hand or mechanical operations. When
gathered they are usually ripened for a period
of time before they are cleaned and ready for
sowing. The drying and ripening period varies
in seeds from two weeks to three months or
more.

In order for seeds to germinate it is essential
that they be supplied with moisture and the
right temperature. The period of rest may be
long or short, depending altogether on the
suitable influence of moisture, temperature and
oxygen when the seeds begin to show life.

Usually seeds germinate best when they are
fresh — that is, less than one year old. The
percentage of germination will be greater than
in seeds which are not more than one year old.
There are exceptions, however, for example
the cucumbers which retain their vitality for a
number of years, or the very hard bonv seeds

like the viburnums which do not germinate
until the second year. It has been found that
certain seeds take even a longer period. A
number of our perennials require from forty
to one hundred and twenty days or even longer
to germinate in the open ground. A moderate
temperature with sufficient uniform moisture
and light will shorten the time required. Prop-
erly prepared and fertilized seed beds will help
still further.

Seeds sown out of doors in the open should
be planted deeper than in houses or frames in
order to insure more uniform moisture. Full
directions usually appear on the seed packages.

The accompanying charts of germination of
seeds are based upon reasonable normal out-
side conditions and are generally held as spring
sowing. The length of time will vary, depend-
ing on how well suited the conditions are. The
plants may appear from ten to fifteen per cent
earlier or later than indicated by the tables.

Transplanting from the seed beds to other
quarters or permanent location, when neces-
sary, should be undertaken after the true leaves
appear. (Continued on page 84)

G E R M I X A T I O X O F A X X U A L SEEDS

BOTANICAL
NAME

COM MON
NAME

AVERAGE PERIOD
OF GERMINATION

DAYS

Acroclinum Everlasting 8-10

Agathea Blue Daisy 18-20

Ageratum Floss Flower 8-12

Amaranthus Amaranth 20-25

Antirrhinum Snapdragon 20-25

Arctotis African Daisy 1S-20

Argemone Mexican Poppy 20-25

Aster Asters '. 8-10

Balsam Lady Slipper 10-12

Begonia, Begonia 15-20

Brachycombe Swan River Daisy 20-25

Browallia Amethyst 18-20

Calceolaria Calceolaria 15-18

Calendula Pot Marigold 10-12

Calicanthema Cup and Saucer 12-15

Cattiopsis Tickseed 10-12

Campanula Canterbury Bells 12-15

Canna Canna (Indian Shot) 25-40

Carnation Marguerite Carnations 8-10

Celosia Cockscomb 20-25

Centaurea Bachelor's Button, Sweet Sultan.... 5-20

Cerastium Snow-in-Summer 8-10

Chrysanthemum Chrysanthemum 5- 8

Cineraria Cineraria 5- 8

Clarkia Clarkia 8-10

Cobia scandens Cup and Saucer Vine 15-20

Coleus Flame Nettle. 20-25

Cosmos Cosmos 5-15

Datura Trumpet Flower 15-18

Delphinium '. . .Larkspur 15-20

Dianthus Pinks 5- 8

Dimorphotheca African Golden Daisy 15-20

Dolichos Hyacinth Bean 15-20

Eschscholtzia California Poppy 5-10

Euphorbia Snow-on -the-Mountain 10-12

Gaillardia Blanket Flower 12-15

Gloxinia Gloxinia 15-20

Gomphrena Globe Amaranth 20-25

Gourds Gourds 15-25

Gypsophila Baby's Breath 15-20

Helianthus Sunflower 15-20

Helichrysum Strawflower ' . . . . 5-10

Heliotrope Cherry Pie 10-15

ffumulus Jap Hop 15-20

Hunnemania Yellow Tulip Poppy 10-12

BOTANICAL
NAME

COM MO*
NAME

Iberis . ..Candytuft

AVERAGE PERIOD
OF GERMINATION
DAYS
5- 8

Impatiens Zanzibar Balsam 8-12

Ipomcea Moon Flower 5-8

Kochia Ball of Fire 15-18

Lantana Lantana 15-20

Linum rubrnm Scarlet Flax 15-18

Lobelia Lobelia 8-10

Lupinus Lupin 25-30

Marigold Marigold 5- 8

Matricaria Feverfew 20-25

Mattholia Evening Stock 8-10

Mesembryanthemum Ice Plant 5-20

Mimosa Sensitive Plant 8-10

Mirabilis jalapa Four o'clock 12-15

Myosotis Forget-me-not 15-20

Nasturtiums Nasturtiums 8-15

Nicotiana Flowering Tobacco 20-25

Nigella Love-in-a-Mist 10-15

(Enothera Primrose 10-25

Papaver Poppy 15-20

Passiflora Passion Flower 50-60

Peas, Sweet Sweet Peas 15-20

Pelargonium Geranium 20-25

Petunias Petunia 18-20

Phaseolus muUiftorus Scarlet Runner Bean 8-10

Phlox Drummondi Phlox 20-25

Portulaca Sun Plant 18-20

Primula Primrose 10-25

Rhodanthe Swan River Everlasting 10-12

Ricinus Castor Oil Bean 15-20

Salpiglossis Painted Tongue 15-20

Salvia splendens Scarlet Sage 15-25

Scabiosa Pin-cushion Flower 18-20

Schizanthus Butterfly 20-25

Stocks Cut-and-come-again 10-15

Thunbergia Black-Eyed Susan Vine 8-10

Verbena Verbena 8-10

Verbena, lemon Lemon Verbena 8-10

Verbena venosa Heliotrope Verbena 10-15

Viola tricolor Pansies 8-10

Viscaria Campion 10-12

Wall flower Wall flower 8-12

Xeranthemum Everlasting 8-10

Zinnia Zinnias 5- 8

House & Garden

The original house was built in the nth
Century and has been restored and re-
modeled. From this point one looks across
the rose garden and the pool with the house
in the background. The garden is edged
and paved with stone

In the remodeled dining room an interest-
ing set of old painted leather hangings has
been put up over the oak paneling. The
fireplace is quite simple, with a stone man-
tel, and colour is found in the Dutch tiles
that surround, the opening

A -view of the house from the
front. Though seeming old the
gates and posts are modern and
were designed by the architect,
•who made considerable alterations
to the house and also laid out the
formal rose garden illustrated
above

THE HOME OF

RUDYARD KIPLING,

BATESMANS, BURWASH,

SUSSEX

March, 1922

A general view of Batesmans, Burwash, can be had
from this side the pool, which originally was the stew
pond. In a slew pond were kept the fish caught jor
the Friday stew. The smooth surface of the water
with the wide, unbroken lawns surrounding it give
an air of repose to the garden

(Right) In England old oast houses or hop kilns are
picturesque objects which can readily be converted
to other than their original uses. This one has been
incorporated successfully with the stable and garage.
The original top of the oast house was removed and
this upper section made over into a dove cote

From the heed of the pool one can see the design of
the formal rose garden with the background of a
high hedge and beyond it the open fields and wooded
hills which surround the house. The row of pleached
limes on the left was planted by Mr. Kipling to en-
close the tennis court

House &• Garden

THE PAWPAW — AN AMERICAN FRUIT

This Near Relative of the Tropical Papaya Deserves a Place Wherever
Fruit Is Grown — Some Day It Will Be Appreciated

EATEN by pigs and boys." I shall
never forget the surprise and indigna-
tion with which I read those five words
in one of Prof. Asa Gray's textbooks of botany,
after his description of the May apple. Al-
though I left Missouri when I was eight years
old I remember well how we boys used to get
ahead of the pigs by gathering these plum-
shaped fruits and letting them ripen in the
bam, buried in the hay. Soon they became
luscious beyond compare, a feast for epicures.

I made up my mind, as I have related in
"Food and Flavor," that if adults do not
relish this fruit, they have something to learn
from pigs and boys. What would the French
do for truffles if the pigs did not locate them
for them? The American pawpaw {Asimina
triloba) is another underrated fruit the merits
of which my fresh childish palate promptly
discovered. It grew wild on bushes near my
Missouri home and I distinctly recall the
thrills I got from its luscious, quasi-tropical,
exotic flavor. I also remember how I was an-
noyed by the huge seeds, which crowded out
just so much of the sweet pulp.

Then I lost track of the pawpaw. Often I
wondered why none came to market in the
cities of either the Pacific or Atlantic coast
where I lived for a time. Was Prof. Bailey-
right when he wrote that most persons do not
relish its flavor, and doubted whether it would
be possible to awaken much interest in this
fruit? Was it another case of ''pigs and
boys''? Evidently! For, in an encyclopedia
for young people called ''The American Edu-
cator" I found this, under "Pawpaw":

"It is of no value for the table but is enjoyed
by birds!"

This didn't convince me that I must be a
bird, for I had previously read in that great
book "The Country Home" by the horticul-
tural epicure, E. P. Powell: "I see no reason
why this delicious fruit, a sort of hardy ba-
nana, should not be grown everywhere in our
gardens." And my belief in my epicurean pre-
cocity was fully justified when I found that
Luther Burbank also must be a bird, as he
enjoys his improved pawpaws more than any
other fruit in his Sebastopol and Gold Ridge
orchards.

Here is what, in response to my question,
he wrote, under date of September 11, 1920;
"The Pawpaw which I am growing is a hardy
Pawpaw, and will thrive in New York State
and possibly in Maine. No one, as far as I
know, has succeeded in raising them from
seeds except myself. I obtained some most
delicious varieties of the fruit from Illinois,
Indiana and Tennessee, and have grown some
wonderful seedlings from these, the fruit in
flavor being much superior to the tropical
Pawpaw, which is a totally distinct species,
ours being the Asimina triloba. It is a common
saying that 'the only way to make a Pawpaw

HENRY T. FINCK

live is to try to kill it,' as they are very hard
to kill when once they get fairly started. The
flavor of the best varieties, in my opinion, is
superior to that of any other fruit, and as they
can be still further improved, the Pawpaw will
soon become a grand standard fruit in Amer-
ica, and will be cultivated like other fruits."
After reading this letter I made up my mind
to become a missionary and preach the gospel
of the American pawpaw. Hence this sermon.

The flowers of the American pawpaw
(triloba) are purplish red with yellow cen-
ters. This variety should not be confused
K'ith the papaya of the tropics

Can the American pawpaw be successfully
grown in all our Northern States? That was
the first question presenting itself. Mr. Powell
says: "It will grow anywhere in our gardens,
but it likes water and if the season is dry the
fruit will either drop or be flavorless, unless
the trees are abundantly irrigated." On an-
other page he says : "The pawpaw is as beau-
tiful for the shrubbery as it is excellent for
fruit. It likes moist soil but can be grown
on high soil by mulching."

My next step was to find out what the Gov-
ernment experts had to say. In answer to a
question addressed to the Bureau of Plant In-
dustry in Washington the pomologist, C. P.
Close, wrote me the following letter, dated
July 13, 1921 : "The American or native Paw-
paw (Asimina triloba) is entirely distinct from
the tropical fruit called Papaya or tree Paw-
paw (Carica papaya). This last-named fruit
is being grown in Florida and California.

"The American Pawpaw is native to prob-
ably all of the States east of the Mississippi

River, except perhaps Wisconsin, and it is alsc
found in the Middle Western States as far west
as Kansas. The only attempt to propagate
and improve Pawpaw so far as I know has
been made in Indiana. Several very fine
Pawpaws have been found in Southern Indiana
and one of these was named a few years ago.
but I think was never propagated by budding
or grafting. I obtained seeds several years
ago from Southern Indiana and grew a num-
ber of plants from them. When these plants
fruited they produced rather small and inferioi
fruits. I have seen Pawpaw trees in southern
Indiana growing in backyards and producing
fruits of very fine quality. There has been
no systematic attempt to improve this fruit. A
great difficulty is that the seeds are so large.
If we could find fruits with small seeds it
would certainly be worth while propagating.
The best Pawpaw that I ever sampled grew in
western Maryland. This fruit does not have
the digestive power which is attributed to the
leaves of the tropical Papaya."

Knowing what the writer of this letter evi-
dently did not know, that a systematic attempt
to improve the American pawpaw has been
made by Luther Burbank, I wrote the latter
for further information, and he replied : "The
pawpaw has always been taken as a mattei
of course, apparently, by Americans. It is
really the most unique fruit that America has
ever produced and seems to be one of Nature's
partial misfits in some respects as the seed is
apparently not suited to grow well under any
conditions. The seeds are very much larger
than they need to be under any circumstances;
it is very difficult to transplant one of them
after the first season's growth and is about,
if not quite, the most difficult seed to germi-
nate among the hundreds of thousands which
I have tested, yet I have succeeded in pro-
ducing about a thousand plants this year from
my own selected seed.

"The pawpaw is a very different plant from
the tropical papaia; superior to it in flavor in
my opinion, but of course smaller and seedy
compared with it. I think the hardier North-
ern varieties will grow in all the States of the
Union, as it thrives in Illinois and my original
^ stock came from that State mostly.

"My method of germinating the seeds is tc
plant them in a mixture of turf and sand in
the greenhouse in well-drained boxes where,
after six months of thinking it over, they begin
to sprout. These are then transplanted to
shaded beds outside, where they are grown foi
one year and then sold for transplanting.

"We send you our latest catalog describing
the pawpaw somewhat. Perhaps you may not
have received it as we do not solicit eastern
orders for plants, as our season makes it very
difficult to hold the plants until spring opens."

In this catalog I found a picture of six egg-
(Continued on page 88)

M arch, 1922

A LITTLE PORTFOLIO OF GOOD INTERIORS

The repetition of a motif is a fundamental prin-
ciple in all art. It lends dignity to a building and
gives a sense of harmony to an interior. In this
•view of an entrance hall, stairs and reception room
in the New York City home of Mrs. Loruard
Cammann, the arch is the motif. It is used in the
door, in an opening of the wall on the stairs and

further repeated in the construction and draping
of the windows in the reception room beyond.
The walls are rough plastered, leaving round cor-
ners, and the wood trim is reduced to the barest
minimum. Such a wall serves admirably as a
background to furniture of a sturdy type. Wil-
liam F. Dominick was the architect of the house

House & Garden

The rooms on these
two facing pages are
in the home oj Mn.
Munroe Douglas Rob-
inson at Syosset, L. I.
A scenic paper in
morning glory colors
forms the background
in one of the bed-
rooms. Early Ameri-
can maple furniture
is used and one chair
is in old rose taffeta.
The woodwork is
pale green

Walls painted by Caro
Delvaille make an un-
usual dining room.
It is a picturesque
barnyard scene oj ani-
mals and jowls done
in strong, natural col-
ors, a charming idea
for a country house.
Paneled doors with
black strap hinges
and a wainscot com-
plete the background
for the early Ameri-
can furniture

March, 1922

The early American
room is furnished in
Colonial pieces. Here
the walls are paneled
in dark pine and the
furniture is pine and
maple. A printed
linen in old rose,
mauve and blue cov-
ers some of the furni-
ture. Hooked rugs,
brass and iron candle
sconces and old glass
lamps preserve the
Colonial atmosphere

Although all of the
dining room walls are
interesting, it is on the
fireplace side that Mr.
Delvaille has done
much amusing dec-
orative work. A
flock of geese comes
over the hill to swim
in the pond. The man-
tel shelf forms the
top of a wall on
which are potted
plants and the ubi-
quitous promenading

House & G ar d

IF YOU ARE GOING TO BUILD

The Construction and Finish of Floors Is a Topic That Will
Amply Repay Investigation and Study

MARY FANTON ROBERTS

FLOORS should be
seen and not heard.
Make your floor fine
enough to be enjoyed, and
then where it is necessary,
cover it for comfort and
quiet, for warmth and col-
our. Whether your floor
is of blue and green Tuni-
sian tiles, scaled from old
walls in Algiers, or
whether of the newest ce-
ment, over hollow tile, it
must be a part of the con-
struction of the house, a
part of the colour scheme,
noiseless, and daily well
cared for.

There is literally no
end to the variety of mod-
ern floors made today.
Woods, hard and soft, in-
laid and plain panels;
concrete, all colours and
textures, made damp
proof and fireproof over
hollow tile; tessellated
marble, and stone in pat-
terns ; tiles in small
squares, laid in one tone,
but in rich colours — moss
green, burnt orange, terra
cotta, blue like the sea;
cement, smooth, in many
tones, and with expensive
or simple methods of lay-
ing. Also there are cork
tiles and linoleum tiles,
and many composition
floors that are attractive
and durable.

As with any other con-
structional feature of a
house, you decide upon the floors when the
plans are being drawn; the beams and foun-
dation structure must know what kind of floor
they are going to carry; also the general cost
of a house cannot be estimated without a toler-
able certainty as to what this foundation for
floors will cost.

It is a cheerful thought (cherish them all
when you are building) that the floor is one
detail where economy is possible, not by select-
ing cheap floors, but by discriminating between
good floors and exhorbitant ones. There is a
difference also in the price of laying the floor
foundation; study into this carefully before
ordering your floors. If you have plain, nar-
row hardwood plank floors you can econo-
mize; if your floors are inlaid with rare woods
in rich patterns and fine colours, they must of
necessity be expensive. Wood floors so elab-
orate and intricate that they are like mosaic,
actually reproductions of the floors in the
palaces at Versailles and Chantilly can be laid

Hewitt

While there is a vast num-
ber of designs for parquet
floors, the choice will de-
pend on the type of room.
For this room hung with
fabric the design shown in
the sketch was used

in your drawing room, i
you want the most elab
orate floors to be had, am
many of us do; even tha
good old d e m o c r a
Thomas Jefferson orderei
a floor of satinwood am
rosewood that cost $2,00
for his home at Monti
cello.

We find it necessary t
make here a sharp dis
tinction between floe
materials and floor cover
ings; the latter will b
treated at length later; th
actual construction e
floors will fill to overflow
ing the space set aside fc
this article.

We will not of cours
deal with those miracle
of modern engineering-
floors that carry th
weight of forty-stor
buildings, floors tha
thousands of feet trea
hourly in great railwa
stations, floors of vai
bridges flung over hig
spaces from mountain t
mountain; neither do w
go into the question c
sanitary floors, or factor
floor equipment. In thi
series we are writing onl
of the building of th
home, so we do not hav
to consider the enormou
strength possible in a floe
bed or its durability fo
countless generations
Neither shall we dwel
upon the final extravagances in floor making-
tiles from Indian palaces and inlays from Jap
anese temples. We are interested solely for th
moment in home floors, comfortable, quiet, at
tractive resting places, for the feet of neithe
rajah nor priest, just ourselves and our friends
When you are planning your home, keep i:
mind the relation between your floors and th
style of your house and the colour scheme o
the interior decoration, your various fitting
and furnishings. The best effect is alway
obtained by having a floor fairly inconspicu
ous. It should be more in the background tha:
the walls, and keyed well below the furnitur
and draperies; as for instance, avoid a ligh
oak floor with figured draperies and dar]
furniture; a white pine floor will jump pas
mahogany furniture and trim; gray beech wil
be weak with Circassian walnut; and on
would hesitate to use concrete with pericx
furniture or marble with cottage effects.

Many people, we all know, begin to build ;

Marble, tile or tiles of
linoleum and cork compo-
sition, are all suitable for
the floors of conservatories,
entrance halls and corri-
dors. A variety of colors
is available

March, 1922

For a room fin-
ished in such a
sturdy, heavy
style as early
English, the de-
sign for the floor
should have that
character. As
shown in the
sketch below, it
consists of
squares of nar-
row oak strips

Cement marked off to represent
tiles or glazed tiles, or tile and
cement makes beautiful floors for
downstairs rooms with natural
wood finish

home in a semi-casual way, some-
what in this fashion — "I like Gothic
windows!" "I like curly maple!"
"I like cypress floors !" "I like wal-
nut trim!" "I like Colonial wall
paper!" "I like Chinese rugs!"—
and in the end, the house isn't one
bit what they like, it is so restless
and unrelated.

This is one of the many reasons
why it takes so long to plan a home
successfully, and why it is wise to
begin to think about your home and
work over every detail of it weeks
before you build.

It is best to decide first about the
general woodwork and trim and fit

Composition scone manes a pleas-
ing floor for an outside room suck
as a conservatory, breakfast porch
or veranda. Here the wall will
be rough plaster

gest; then make an inventory of al
furniture and draperies on hand
Only in this way can you escap
confusion and worry. Do not omi
a single floor, from garret to cellar
including kitchen and porch.

Will your floor be wood, concrete
tile, composition? — On what kind o
a foundation? — How closely relate(
to your woodwork and trim? — Wha
variation from room to room? Am
as we have already said, keep ii
(Continued on page 76)

A room with ornate decorations in
this manner requires a floor finish
of equally rick effect. Consequent-
ly the design shown in the sketch

House & Garden

THE ROSE

I N

AMERICA TODAY

New Classes Are Coming, and the Old Are Better Understood than Ever — The Future Holds
High Promise for This Justly Termed Queen of Flowers

IN the past half-dozen years the rose has
had more serious attention in America
than in the half-dozen previous decades.
As with all other flowers, the amateur, not the
professional, has made most of this advance,
or has made the professional advance by de-
manding of him better roses
in variety and in quality.

This same amateur has
found himself, through as-
sociation. In 1916 The
American Rose Society had
barely fifty non-profes-
sional members; in 1922 it
has more than two thou-
sand amateurs in its ranks,
in forty-three states and
eight hundred-odd commu- •
nities, with a reach outside
into sixteen foreign coun-
tries. These rose-lovers are
folk of thought and action,
who are doing and demand-
ing and who have in con-
sequence set forward in the
land the queen of flowers.
The progress of the rose
in America is recorded in
the successive issues of the
American Rose Annual,
which I put together as
editor, but which is the di-
rect and honest expression
of the rose-growers of the
nation. In 1916 the flor-
ists, the cut-flower men,
had much to say in this
book, but in 1921 the ama-
teurs did most of the say-
ing, expressing themselves
as to varieties and soils,
protection and fertilization,
literature and history, hopes
and desires. It is because
of this rapidly growing

J. HORACE McFARLAND

habit of expression that I have hopes, high
hopes, for the future of the rose in America.

We have a long way to go to secure the
proper dominance of the rose in our country,
but we are on our way. We are losing some
poor ideals, and adding some that are worthy.

The 1917 gold medal
of the Bagatelle trials
in Paris was awarded
to Mr. Howard jor his
creation Los Angeles.
This is the highest rose
award in the world, and
came again to America
and the same man in 1921

Best of all, we are beginning to think for our-
selves about roses; we are challenging the
ready-made thought, mostly "made in Europe,"
which has delayed real progress. We are
working toward roses for America and by
Americans as well as in America.
____________ Who, if he will be frank

about it, desires all his fa-
vorite flowers to bloom
abundantly all the time?
W'ould we want the lilac
to persist through the sum-
mer, the peony to crowd
the chrysanthemum, the
irises to come earlier and
stay until frost? Would
that sort of garden perma-
nence be really enjoyable?
Is not one of the charms
of the garden, the real gar-
den, its continual, delight-
ful and noiseless change?

My garden is lovely on a
May morning, and as lovely
the same May evening, but
it is not the same garden.
I see the primroses burst
into a yellow glory just
where a little later, when
they are through, I will
welcome the longer stay of
the blue and white platy-
codons. I love my chang-
ing, my ever new garden.
It is full of attraction even
in the bloomless late fall
days when I may read so
much of promise in the
ripened buds, the matured
crowns. In earliest spring
the swelling of these same
buds, the starting of these
same crowns, is a pleasure
I would not miss. I do
(Continued on page 86)

Rosa -Ifugonis follows
the growing habit of
Spirea Van Houttei, bitt
instead of white flowers
is covered with clear
yellow ones. In Penn-
sylvania last year, an
early season, it was in
bloom on April 25th

One of the Van Fleet
hybrids is a cross be-
tween Wichnraiana and
Beaute de Lyon. This
and many others of the
new creations are
"made in America" and
suggests what we are
doing for the rose

March, 1922

HOUSE

& GARDEN'S GARDENING GUIDE

-^•f^k!**'"— - - ^

A Condensed Ready Reference
Planting and Culture of Veg
/•

for the Year on the Selection, - ll|iBr^
etables, Flowers and Shrubs * ^MSSBF

SHRUBS FOR EVERY PURPOSE

SHRUB

COMMON

NAME

HEIGHT

COLOR

SEASON OF
BLOOM

DIRECTIONS

FOR MASSES AND BORDERS

Buddleia
Calycanthus Flotidus
Clethra
Deutzia
Exochorda grandiflora
Forsythia
Laurel

Butterfly shrub
Strawberry shrub
Sweet pepper bush
Deutzia
Pearl bush
Golden Bell
Laurel
Tartarian Honey sue kit

Mock-orange
Rhododendron
Sumach
Flowering currant
Bridal Wreath
Lilac
Snowball
Chaste Tree
Weigela

ti'-S'
4'-ti'
5' -7'
4'-6'

.y-b'
i'-.v

3'-ff

Pink, lilac, violet
Brown
White
White, pink
White
Yellow
White
White, pink, yellow,
red
White
Finks, reds, white
White
Yellow
White
White, lilac, pink
White
Lilac
Red, white, pink

July to frost
May
July-August
June
May-June
April
June-July
May-June

June
May-June
July-August
April-May
May- June
May-June
May- June
Aug.-Sept.
June-July

One of the best flowering shrubs; sunny position and fairly rich soil.
Flowers are delightfully fragrant.
One of the best of the smaller shrubs; very fragrant.
Very free flowering; a great favorite for grouping.
Good for cutting; best effect obtained through massing with other shrubs; charming flowers.
Large yellow flowers blossom before the leaves appear.
Broad leaved evergreen; beautiful at all seasons.
Most striking when clumped; strong grower; free blossoming.

Profuse bloomers; a valued and favorite shrub.
Broad leaved evergreen; magnificent when in bloom.
Suited for damp places; brilliant in the fall.
1-ragrant; nice foliage; grows well even in moist spots.
A shrub of exceptional gracefulness.
Newer named varieties superior to old-fashioned ones,
there are many varieties; each has some good point.
Graceful; long spikes; flowers late in summer.
Of robust habit, blooms profusely, and t-asy growth.

Philadelphia
Rhododendron
Rhus
Ribes
Spirea
Syringa
Viburnum
Vitex
Dier villa

(i'-10'
4'-8'
15'
4'
4'-<3'
10'-l.r)'

5'-(i'
O'-cS'

FOR INDIVIDUAL SPECIMENS AND ACCENT POINTS

Althea
Acer Japonica
Aralia spinosa
Cercis
Chionanthus
Corn us
Laurel
Prunus amygdalus
Rhus Cotinus

Rose of Sharon
Japanese maple
Angelica tree
Judas tree
White fringe tree
Dogwood
Laurel
I* lowering almond
Smoke tree

g-iy

ti'-10'
lO'-lfl'
HK 1L''

Rose, white
Foliage, various
White
Rosy pink
White
White, red
White
Pink and white
Smoke colored

Aug.-Oct,

Aug.
April-May
June
May
June
April-Mav

July

Among the best of tall shrubs; very hardy.
Leaves of many distinct shapes and attractive coloring; especially in early spring.
Unique tropical looking.

S'-12'

]•/-:>(>'
s;-o'

11"

Very distinctive and attractive in appearance; flowers resemble fringed decoration.
Not symmetrical in shape but very striking; foliage highly colored in autumn.
An excellent specimen plant; contrary to general belief, does well in sun.
One of the few pink early spring flowering shrubs.
Very distinctive; flowers in feathery clusters.

FOR HEDGES AND SCREENS

Althea
Berberis
Crataegus
Hydrangea paniculata
Privet

Pyrus

Spirea
Syringa
Thuya

Rose of Sharon
Japanese barberry
Hawthorne
Hydrangea paniculata
Privet

Japan quince
Spirea
Lilac
Arborvitae

Rose, white

White, red
White to rose

Bright scarlet
White
White, pink, lilac
Evergreen

Aug. -Oct.

May- June
Aug.-Sept.

Early May
May-June
May-June
All-year effect

:f-4'
i* -is'

U'-10'
To S'

ff-8?

B'-S'
15'-2(l'
4'-30'

Absolutely hardy; foliage light green, brilliant in autumn with scarlet berries.
Very attractive; many difierent forms; long lived. Colored fruits.
Color changes; very hardy; one of the best late flowering shrubs; enormous flower panicles.
Most popular formal hedge plant; plant close, 8" to 10"; prune to shape frequently. New
varieties hardier than California.
Set 15" apart; makes a dense hedge; requires a little pruning.
Plant \y^' to 21 apart; very graceful in formal hedge; especially for boundary lines.
Plant ^ to 3'; very fragrant; good for along walls, etc. Japonica latest blooming.
Excellent for hedges, windbreaks and screens. Can be clipped to form.

VINES

VINE

COMMON

NAME

FLOWERS

REMARKS

Actinidia

Akebia
Ampelopsis

Bignonia
Clematis paniculata

Evonymus
• Honeysuckle

Parthenocissus

quinquefolia
Wistaria

Silver vine

Akebia
Boston ivy

Trumpet vine
Virgin's Bower

Evonymi
Woodbine

Virginia Creeper
Wistaria

Whitish, with purple centers; A. Chinensis, yellow

Violet brown; cinnamon center in spring
Foliage highly colored in fall

Very large trumpet shape; red or orange

Fragrant pure white flowers in August and Sep-
tember
Foliage, green or green and white
Red, yellow and white; very fragrant

Dense, dark green foliage, red in autumn
Purple or white; immense pendent panicles

Very rapid growing with dense foliage; good for arbors, trellises, etc. Edible fruits after flower-
ing.
Good where dense shade is not required; very graceful in habit.
Most popular of all vines for covering smooth surfaces such as brick and stone walls, etc. In
setting out dormant plants prune back to G".
Semi-climbing, especially good for covering rough stone work, tall stumps, porch trellises, etc.

Extremely hardy and robust; most satisfactory late flowering vine. Especially good for porches.
Flowers followed by feathery silver seed pods.
Extremely hardy; good in place of English ivy in cold sections. Evergreen.
Old favorite; one of the most popular for porches and trailing covers. Sunny position; good
variegated foliage.

Of twining, not clinging habit, especially good for pergolas, etc. Attains great height with *
suitable support. Sunny position; rich soil.

SUMMER FLOWERING BULBS

FLOWER

HEIGHT

I-™ np SEASON OF
BLOOM

DIRECTIONS

Begonia
Calla

Canna
Caladium
DahHa

Gladiolus
Ranunculus
Montbretia
Tigridia
Zephyranthus

12"-1S"
18"-24"

y-6'

18"-5'
2M>'

z-y

y-v

18"
8"-10"

Pink, yellow, red June-Sept.
Yellow, white June-Sept.

Pink, yellow, red, white June-Oct.
(Foliage green or variegated
White, pink, yellow, red, variegated June-Oct.

Pink, red, white, yellow July to frost
White, yellow, scarlet May-June
Red, yellow, scarlet June-Oct.
Blue, pink, yellow, scarlet June-Oct.
White, pink June-Sept.

Start in heat, or plant in rich, light soil in open. Water freelv.
Plant suitable varieties in rich warm soil. Plenty of water; store for winter in warm tempera-
ture.
Start in heat, or plant dormant roots in rich soil. Store for winter.
Sheltered, semi-shaded position, light rich soil. Store in warm place.
Start in heat or outdoors after danger of frost, in deep, rich soil; thin and disbud for good
blooms.
Succession of plantings from April to June for continuous bloom; store cool for winter.
Single and double forms; easily grown; good for cuttings.
Culture similar to that of gladiolus. Plant 3" to 6" each way; take up or protect.
Culture same as above but should be stored for winter.
Good for masses or borders; plant two clumps, in early spring. Store like gladioli.

House & Garden

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:er beetle by hand picking and Paris green,
mtimious flowering; bushy, compact growth; gooc
id artistic; good for backgrounds or massing agair
ude but brilliant; good effect at a distance,
ntil frost; give good soil; fragrant. (P)
ee flowering; select color with care, avoiding mixt
for new or poor soil; for best flowers soil must be
eties, or keep in seed-bed until first blossom opei
illiant and harmoni/ing colors; many fine named
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>r low, spreading, carpet growth; flowers to hard 1

>liage, evergreen, very fragrant spicy flowers. (S
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lamed varieties very effective for narrow borders.
; plants, especially dainty. (P)
urmal eHect; dwarf varieties, selected colors.

, excellent amont' shrubbery or under trees,
edium or tall varieties as wanted; stake tall sorts
iabit of growth; fine in combinations with other t
ilants or started early in heat; avoid crowding. (
irdcn for bloom; started in heat will bloom first st
d favorites; wintered over plants or started early
for moist situations; some fine new varieties. (I
tial shade, but blooms more freely in sunshine,
ay, free flowering dwarf sorts for borders. (S)
illv fine for porch hanging baskets, etc.

ive sunny situations; start in heat or outdoors 1
L'tles; disbud for finest flowers. (S or P)
;un; keep dead flowers cut off. (S)
ich back to get bushy plants. (P or S B)
in heat for early cutting. (P or S)
isy growth; brilliant, rich colors; avoid crowding,
ise with other cut flowers; small sowing every mo
ds; keep old flowers cleaned off, avoid crowded pi
Bering plants start early; use selected colors. (P
: one of the most satisfactory; try improved nam<
ontinuous supply; sunny positions; keep cut.
?st keeping, especially good; wintered over plants

ivving; favorite old "Sweet Sultan."
•t most fragrant plants for stock. (P)
im seed; give good stand; selected colors. (S B)
th or so for succession; cool, moist soil. (S or S 1
one of the purest whites. (S or S B)
tart indoors or in seed bed and transplant twice t
id overcrowding; water abundantly; keep old flow,
start i-arlv in heat to pet flowers first season. (P

yellow flowers, very unique, rapid grower. (P 01
inparalleled for brilliant display; soak or file seed:
ery free flowering; good for screening. (S)
jrant; some new good varieties; start early for be
t greatly improved; for covering fences, rubbish h
e self-colors for most striking effects.

me year, like annuals,
—plants from frames, greenhouses, or florists.

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House & Garden

R E E S

for the

R D E

H. STUART ORTLOFF

ALTHOUGH it has long been the
firm conviction that a tree is out of
place in a garden, we are now coming
to the point where we realize that the right
tree in the right place is essential to a
complete pictorial effect in our landscape
compositions which are intimate enough to
be termed gardens. The fault has been
that we have placed so many limitations on
this term that it has come to mean little
more than a collection of beds for the dis-
play of flowers, and the necessary paths.
We have overlooked the important question
of a suitable background, and have for-
gotten that the very word garden means
an enclosed area. Nor have we considered
our lawns with their shade and specimen
trees as part of our gardening activities,
hence we have not given them as careful
attention in the selection of plant material.
A tree is a tree regardless of its characteris-
tic habits, or its location, in far too many
instances. What we need is a more definite
idea of what to use and where to use it,
and when we have these ideas firmly fixed
we will be surprised at the unity, the beauty,
and the dignity of our plantings.

When we select garden trees we have a
different set of requirements to consider
from those used in obtaining suitable shade
trees for the street. We cannot be content

White birches are attractive the year
through. There is a certain delicacy about
their color and form, especially when seen
in contrast against the dark green oj ever-
greens. They are permanent trees, hard-
wooded and resistant to storms and disease

The pin oak is splendidly adapted to
planting in lines to create a vista or mark
a division oj the grounds. Its character-
istic shape is pyramidal and compact. It
grows slowly, but once established will
endure sturdily for generations

Accent points and breaks in otherwise
monotonous sky-lines are achieved with
the tall spires of the Lombardy poplars.
These are quick-growing trees, but not
to be used merely on this account. Their
peculiar shape will not fit in everywhere

March, 1922

with securing a tree which is merely of
good appearance at some season of the year,
for there is such a wealth of material to
choose from that we can, and should, con-
sider more vital characteristics in order that
our selections may best fill the requirements
of the proposed location.

The tree, besides being health}' and of
good appearance, must have a beauty of
habit, a certain delicacy or refinement of
outline, in order that it will lend itself with
good grace to a landscape composition. It
should have attractive and sufficient foliage,
especially if it is to act as a shade tree,
and it should have at least one characteris-
tic to attract and maintain interest at all
seasons of the year, either in foliage, blos-
soms, fruit, or twig and branch formation.

Another consideration of importance is
the places where we need trees, the spots
where their value is of the greatest impor-
tance. We need trees in our borders, where
color in flowers or fruit are sufficient rea-
sons for their being; we need trees for speci-
men plantings, where definite characteris-
tics are needed to make them worthy of
such prominent locations as specimen trees
are accorded; we need trees to overhang and
enframe the house, where high branched
trees are best suited, for they will not shut
out too much light and air; we need trees
to frame vistas, to hide objectionable views,
to serve as backgrounds, and many other
uses. For each of these there are specific
trees to fill the requirements.

American landscape planting, as prac-
ticed by the individual, is very apt to be-
come extremely monotonous from the over-
abundant use of flat, irregular shrubs. This
is especially true when such plantings stand
out against the open with no background.
This defect can be readily remedied by
giving consideration to an appropriate sky-
line by introducing various kinds of trees
in small groups at irregular intervals. With
(Continued on page 98)

A venerable beech is
one of the most won-
derful tree possessions.
Delicate in color of
bark and foliage, lifting
a splendid tracery
against the winter sky,
it is a shade tree par
excellence

The symmetrical form
of the horse-chestnut
renders it especially-
adaptable to lawn
specimen planting. In
spring every branch tip
bears a splendid spire
of white blossoms
against dark leaves

House & Garden

The home of Mrs. Theodore Shel-
don, at Montecito, Santa Barbara,
California, is executed in adobe, the
ancient Indian style of hand-plas-
tered wall finish, and its architecture
is modelled after an old style built
by early settlers

AN ADOBE
CALIFORNIA HOME

JAMES OSHORNE CRAIG

Architect

Being in an hospitable climate, the gallery
or upper veranda, running the full length
of the house, is an architectural feature.
The roof is of native red tile that blends
beautifully with the old stain color of the
woodwork

The house stands in a grove of live oaks
and eucalyptus and its land is pleasantly
laid out in an informal manner, with a
stone-edged pool close to the house.
Jalousies, or slatted shutters, are character-'
istic of this architecture

Irregularity of design characterized these
old adobe houses, affording quaint and un-
usual corners. Outside stairs such as these,
tucked away between the house and an out-
building, is a native device found in most
adobe buildings

March, 1922

,•••••••*•••

- PEARS -CBV5HE9

RED AND WHITE CVRJ1ANT5
HOLLYHOCKS BETWEEN BVSHES VNTU- LATTER AR£ PYLLY GROWN

GOOSEBERRY -'bV?>HE5 ••;'
WITH LVPlNby VARIOVS _COtoR3 BETWEEN
„ VNTIL &VbHE5 ARE GUjOWN ~

O -iR!5 BORDER. :

DELPHlNlVMi E
MICHALMAi I

JV^G 33D e?. BKJCK. PATH

TAe garden of combined flowers, fruits and shrubs offers
unlimited possibilities. In developing it the various
fruits are considered from the standpoint of their marked

ornamental value as well as utilitarian qualities. Study
of this plan will show how they may be made an ac-
tual part of the design without sacrifice of other plants

TREE FRUITS TO PLANT THIS SPRING

Suggestions for Growing Apples, Peaches and the Like in Those Innumerable Places
Where a Regular Orchard Would Be Out of the Question

AS a nation we are too prone to think that
the fruit-growing department of the
home grounds must be a unit quite
separate and distinct from the flower or other
ornamental sections. We have been brought
up to associate apples, pears and other fruit
trees with orchard planting, or at least with
those strictly utilitarian parts of the grounds
occupied by the chicken runs and those spaces

ROBERT S. LEMMON

vaguely defined as ''out behind the barn."
But in so doing we have been overlooking
a genuine landscaping opportunity. Fruit trees
are the very antithesis of unsightliness, and
there is no justification at all for hiding them
away just because they are vulgar enough to
produce something we use as food. Can you
imagine anything more appealing to an eye for
beauty than the plum tree in early spring,

a perfect tracery of snowy white; the pink
cloud of the peach's blossoms; the fragile pink
and white drifts of apple and cherry petals
across the velvet of the lawn as the May sun
fills the world with the green of new leaves?
And later, as summer comes, think of the deep-
ening colors of the fruits — red and purple, sal-
mon and gold — ever richer and more lustrous,
(Continued on page 100)

The successful use of fruits in the garden depends upon the right
selection and placing of the trees, and the attention subsequently given
to them. Pruning, training and cultivation have a definite bearing

on the yield of fruit and the ornamental value of the trees on which
it grows. Considerable space must be left between the tree fruits and
any other plants, as the roots of the former spread quite extensively

House & Garden:

The -walls of this
drawing room are
covered with oxidized
silver paper, which
forms a softly lumi-
nous background for
the lacquered furni-
ture and the rich
colours of the bro-
cades with which the
chairs are upholstered

SILVER— A STUDY IN PRECIOUS EFFECTS

Suggestions for Using the Elusive and Difficult Silver in the Decorative

Scheme of Interesting Rooms

THE idea of a ''silver room" is not less
alluring because such a room is com-
paratively rare, and because there are
difficulties to overcome, in achieving it success-
fully.

It is as well to recognize at the outset that
where silver predominates the room will be
more or less ''precious" in effect, and there-
fore the scheme is frankly unsuited to the
workaday sitting room of a large family.
Rather, it should be used in a drawing room,
reception room or one of those smart little
dressing rooms found nowadays in up-to-date
country houses and which are known by the
old-fashioned name of the "powder room."
Odd though it sounds, silver is far more exact-
ing to live with than gold, for there is a queer
oblique quality about silver — an elusive
charm — to be reckoned with, and the decorator
may find merely a dim chilliness where he had
looked for elegance.

The first point to be noted is that silver is
not a colour; it has a peculiar tender sheen,
and it reflects colour and light, yet remains —
as it were — unalterably .silver. Unlike the
many shades of gold, it does not blend readily
with its surroundings, and on this account sil-
ver as a note or accent is seen more often than
the complete harmony.

The nearest approach to silver is gray;
therefore, if the general effect of a scheme is
to be silvery, gray should be used for the wood-
work, with panels of silver for the walls, and
a silver ceiling. Glass in connection with
silver is exquisite.

The ornaments in such a room should be

good pieces of old glass, with cutglass chan-
deliers, or sconces on the silver panels. Cur-
tains of green or dull blue silk will help the
scheme, provided the tone is right — neither too
dark nor too pale. Silver fringes or cords are
not advisable here; their effect would be slight-
ly meretricious, but a good silver tassel or two
on bell-pull or cushion would not come amiss.

It is worth noting that if white paint were
to be substituted for the gray the whole thing
would sink to insignificance.

So far as the practical side is concerned the
decorator has not much to complain about to-
day. Wall papers can be had, all silver, plain,
or patterned; silvered electric fittings are made
in good designs; and there are plenty of silver
materials, brocades and gauze for upholstery
and hangings.

The bright polish of solid silver is not de-
sirable in connection with panels, woodwork,
or ceiling; these are better with a soft, rather
dull finish; burnished silver candlesticks or
silver-framed mirrors are charming by way of
contrast against the dimly lustrous back-
ground.

Silver leaf, which naturally suggests itself
for a wall treatment, is not nearly so reliable
as gold leaf, because it tarnishes quickly and
turns an ugly blackish-gray in the process.
To some extent this tendency can be mitigated
by lacquering; ordinary lacquer, however, will
not answer the purpose, it will simply turn
the silver to gold. Colourless shellac made
with spirits of wine will preserve the silvery
look and keep it in good condition.

When wood or plasterwork is to be treated

with silver it is now generally applied in the
form of aluminium powder; this can be done
by either of two methods.

The first is to cover the surface to be treated
with japanner's gold size, and leave it till the
stage of drying which is called "tacky" has
been reached; the aluminium powder is then
dusted on and becomes absorbed in the gold
size to form an even silvery coating. When
this has been thoroughly dried it must be
painted over with the colourless spirit-lacquer
to ensure permanency.

In the second and more modern process the
aluminium powder is mixed direct with a me-
dium especially prepared, and applied like
paint.

On woodwork silver should be used with
discretion and sparingly. All doors and win-
dows painted silver would be heavy and prob-
ably leaden in effect. One single silver door
in a room, already mysterious, would be an
interesting way of introducing the silver
accent, but speaking generally of paint, a touch
or two of silver is sufficient.

A room treated in two tones of apricot —
light and shiny for the ceiling and a shade
deeper for the paintwork — might have the
mouldings picked out in silver, with a touch
here and there of turquoise blue.

Faintly coloured Japanese prints, tinted
pencil sketches, and so on look beautiful in
very deep frames of silvered wood, and sets so
mounted would form a charming decoration in
a room with enameled walls of deep blue and
a silver ceiling. Leather and imitation leath-
er can be silvered, and sometimes look well.

March, 1922

While one generally naturalizes a vast
quantity of one variety of narcissus, it
is possible to gain quite an unusual effect
in spring by planting separate groups
of different varieties. The spaces left
between the different groups add con-
siderably to their effect. One may have
a long flowering season by selecting
early medium and late varieties

NATURALIZED
NARCISSUS

In the rock garden or in sheltered nooks
can be planted some of the smaller and
choicer types, such as N. minimus illus-
trated here, N. cyclamineus, N. bulbocodi-
um or the hoop petticoat narcissus, and the
cyclamen- flowered types such as the Angel's
fear daffodil, N. Triandrus. These are
among the first blooms of spring and begin
that succession of daffies which extends
well into Jul\

Next to a meadow, an orchard is an ideal
spot in which to naturalize narcissus. They
should not be placed in a location where the
leaves will be cut immediately after the
flowering period is over, consequently a
meadow or an orchard is the place for
them because the grass is rarely cut until
haying time, by which season the bulbs
have ripened and the leaves died down.
Cutting them does no harm

54 House & Gar den

WHERE PRACTICAL GARDENING MAY BE LEARNED

The Leading Schools and Colleges in the United States Which Offer Courses in Landscape
Architecture, General Horticulture and the Study of Exotic Plants

ELLA WISTER HAINES

AMERICA has reached that stage in its
civilization which demands beautiful
and congenial environments for the life
of its people, and it is to this end that the pro-
fession of landscape architecture and that of
horticulture are practiced. State Universities
and Colleges have in the last twenty-five years
greatly extended their departments for this
study, offering many attractive scholarships,
and more lately including women among their
students, encouraging them more and more to
enter the field which was formerly considered
only for men. The State Agricultural Col-
leges are similarly developing.

Ten years ago visitors to the Middle West,
accustomed to the beautiful planting of trees,
shrubbery and flowers upon the eastern and
western coasts, were dismayed at the lack of
interest in these things. The rolling, green
prairie and less beautiful plains stretched for
miles and miles. Trees were rare, shrubs
rarer, and flowers, except for those provided
by nature, rarer still. All this has changed.
A great wave of interest and enthusiasm is
sweeping the country from coast to coast.
Parks, boulevards and public squares are being
designed and planted, shrubs and plants are
springing up in every private lot. The energy
and ability of western people are fast bringing
their country up to the standard of the older
civilization.

Formerly landscape architecture and horti-
culture were professions for men. Gradually
women were admitted until today schools ex-
pect them to study side by side. There are at
least two schools exclusively for women, of
which the Lowthorpe School of Landscape
Architecture, Gardening and Horticulture for
Women at Groton, Mass, is the oldest, having
.been founded by Mrs. Edward Gilchrist Low
in 1901. This school, built about a delightful
old house, gives courses in Landscape Design,
Architectural Design, Drawing and Water
Color, Lectures on the History of the Garden,
Surveying, Botany, Plant Identification, Hor-
ticulture and Economic Entomology. No
scholarships are offered although students
sometimes make special arrangements to work
part of their way through.

LOWTHORPE intends to give an ade-
quate training in the profession of land-
scape architecture, being in a position to
equip its students especially well in the knowl-
edge of plant material and practical horticul-
ture. At the same time it gives sufficient work
in architectural design to enable the students
to design garden accessories and to compre-
hend the plans of architects with whom they
may have to cooperate in their later work. It
also enables them to appreciate what landscape
treatment is proper and harmonious to the
style or period of architecture of the problem
in hand.

As for admission, Lowthorpe's attitude is
hospitable. Degrees are not required, but nor-
mal health and evidence of High School edu-
cation are desired. Dr. Charles W. Eliot,
President Emeritus of Harvard, wrote of the
school :

"Lowthorpe is the best place I know of for
training women to be landscape architects —
a profession appropriate to women because,
first, it creates and preserves landscape beauty,
and secondly, because it promotes good hous-
ing with pleasant surroundings."

Lowthorpe, this coming season, offers in
addition to the three years' course a secondary
course of two years in horticulture and plant-
ing design. It is interesting to note here that
four-fifths of the women already graduated
from Lowthorpe have made practical use of
their training and have helped people to make
homes of their houses.

ALMOST ever\- school which offers land-
scape architecture offers horticulture as
well, but there is one school quite
unique in its plan. The School of Horticul-
ture for Women at Ambler, Pa., opens to women
a wide door through which they may make a
comfortable living under healthy and happy
conditions, at the same time increasing pro-
duction, the first step in reducing the high cost
of living.

This school, which was founded in 1910,
was the result of a long and cherished dream on
the part of an experienced horticulturist, Jane
Bowne Haines of Cheltenham, Pa., who with
a group of women realized the need in America
of a practical training school established along
the lines of successful schools abroad. They
planned a school where hand and mind could
be trained together, more practice with good
theory, and a shorter course than any other
school in the country, sending out women fully
trained to the actual work and able to direct
others. This little group of founders knew even
then that America was facing a scarcity of
trained producers which was more serious than
the scarcity of labor. A farm of seventy-one
acres with commercial and educational or-
chards, a nursery for ornamental trees, shrubs
and young fruit trees, vegetable gardens, flower
gardens, greenhouses, hot-beds and cold-
frames, a well equipped poultry plant, a demon-
stration kitchen and apiary, compose the school.
Administration offices, dining rooms, dormi-
tories and classrooms have been built about an
old Colonial farmhouse, and rooms in the
neighborhood are provided for non-resident
students.

The two-year course prepares for all lines
of work in practical horticulture and for the
executive and teaching positions which are
now open to women. Special courses are open
to non-resident students and many women from
the surrounding countryside avail themselves

of this privilege. The school is supported by
fees of students (modest), sale of produce and
public gifts. The students win diplomas after
two years of forty weeks each. A special sum-
mer school is held during August of each year.

Professor John McFarland, Director of Bo-
tanic Gardens at the University of Pennsyl-
vania, says:

"The school's first and perhaps most im-
portant work has demonstrated that many lines
of horticultural activities can be successfully
prosecuted by women. It has brought together
teachers and students from different parts of the
country, who in pursuing their studies have ac-
quired that wide and accurate knowledge of
economic plants whose value only became rec-
ognized during the crisis of the World War."

THE New York State College of Agricul-
ture at Cornell University was honored in
1920 among the eight schools to receive a
scholarship from the American Academy of
Fine Arts, the other seven being Iowa State
College at Ames, Massachusetts State College,
Pennsylvania State College, University of
Ohio, University of Illinois, University of
Michigan, and Harvard University. This is a
traveling scholarship, its students being eligi- ,
ble to the American Academy at Rome. The
colleges which have won this honor are natur-
ally attracting young men and women from all
over the country. Cornell has efficient depart-
ments of landscape art, floriculture and forestry
and offers a regular four-year course besides
special courses. The institution in floriculture
is planned for those who intend to make some
branch of commercial flower growing their life
work, and those who are interested in amateur
flower growing for pleasure and home decora-
tion. These courses have to do more particu-
larly with the growing under glass, although
the growing of summer flowers is also featured.
Professor E. A. White, head of the Department
of Floriculture, states that in the near future
there will be a reorganization of the Department
of Landscape Art and all of the plant material
instruction, including trees and shrubs, will be
given in the Department of Floriculture.

THE Iowa State College at Ames in addi-
tion to the honor mentioned before has
received another in the appointment of
one of its graduates as recreational landscape
designer for the United States Government.
Mr. A. A. Carhart is the first person to hold
this position. His headquarters are at Denver,
and besides his recreational work he has charge
of all forests owned by the Government.

At Ames the quality of the work is of first
importance. They do not aim to graduate
many students, but to graduate them very well.
Their course covers four years, and in addition
to this, six months of practical work must be
(Continued on page 86)

March, 1922

•

The home of Richard E.
Forest, at Rye, N. Y., is an
example of how some Italian
architectural features can be
applied to the American
country house. It is built of
terra' cotta blocks covered
with stucco. The roof is of
variegated red and brown
tile. A loggia, to the right,
has a vaulted ceiling and
serves the purposes of an
outdoor living room

A GROUP OF
THREE HOUSES

In Stucco and Clapboard

The Italian aspects of the
exterior architecture have
penetrated the walls and
make the rooms inside har-
monize with the outside
style. Thus the entrance
hall has a well established
Italian atmosphere, with
rough plaster walls and
vaulted ceiling, wrought iron
balustrade and lamp, and
black and white marble
floor. Grosvenor Atterbury
was the architect

House & Garden

The home of Paul V. Shields, at Great
Neck, L. I., is a bungalow in the English
cottage style of architecture, executed in
cream stucco and half-timber, with a tobac-
co brown shingled roof and doorway and
trim of English oak

A feature of the house is the entrance, which
is placed in an ell, behind which is a half-
timber projection repeating the roof line of
the entrance. The door has simple, digni-
fied lines. Chester A. Patterson, architect

A large living room extends through the
middle of the house, with bedrooms in one
wing and service rooms and garage in the
other. The living room opens onto a ter-
race. At the right is a dining alcove

[**

March, 1922

There is a fascination about the New Eng-
land farmhouse type of architecture. It
is simple, gives the impression of being -very
livable and at the same time has a dignity
which graces almost any sort of site that
has adequate room. W. F. Dominick
•was the architect

One of the additions in the remodeling was
a broad, low, open veranda with a brick
floor and a flagged pavement leading down
to the garden. This porch, as well as the
rest of the house, is executed' in clapboard
painted white and carries out in detail and
mass the Colonial feeling

Gillies

The home of Mrs. Hugh N. Jack-
son at Greenwich, Ct., is a re-
modeled New England farmhouse.
Its entrance terrace is supported by
flat stones and relieved by a low
planting. A black wrought iron
balustrade serves as contrast to the
white portico

House & Garden

THINGS YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT ELECTRICITY

A Synopsis of Facts Which Will Enable You to Use Electricity in the House with the
Maximum Economy, Safety and All-Around Satisfaction

ETHEL R. PEYSER

WHAT'S a watt? This is not a comic
opera refrain, but a question asked so
many times that it is typical of the lack
of knowledge people have today of the force
which they are using constantly in their own
homes and in others.

We have lived to see women go to automobile
schools and learn the working of the car which
is theirs to drive. But as yet there seems to be
no course even in the domestic science school
which gives the household engineer an inkling
of what is to be her mechanical field in the
realm of electricity or ordinary mechanical
construction.

For have you ever stopped to think that the
housekeeper today really presides over an ex-
tensive electric installation? Even if she has
but a telephone and an electric bell in the house,
there is much that happens that ought to be
familiar to her.

But people today have much more than these
few things; they have at least three or four of
the following: ironing machine, washing ma-
chine, vacuum cleaner, telephone, warming pad,
electric lights, toaster, electric piano, sewing
machine, curling iron, electric range, electric
iron, etc., yet the underlying principles and
vocabulary are still as Sanskrit to the majority
of users.

This article is but to make simple and com-
fortable electric terminologies and we will use
this for an excuse to get at a few electrical mis-
usages. It is to make electricity familiar rather
than a stranger to the user. Nobody knows
what electricity is, so, fortunately, we don't
have to stop and define it. All that we know
is that it acts in certain definite ways.

WE get electricity from the battery and
from the generator (dynamo). The
battery consists of celled containers
which come under the heads of dry and wet
batteries in so far as they contain liquid or solid
(wet) ingredients, through which the electri-
city is generated and passed out by means of
wires. In short the battery produces electricity
by means of chemicals. The primary battery
produces the electricity and the storage battery
stores it in the form of chemical energy. It is
useless for purveying very much
electrical power as there never can
be enough pressure (voltage) to
send along the electricity to do big
jobs, unless hundreds of cells con-
nected in a certain way were used,
which would be a foolish waste of
material and time, etc.

In order to obviate such manu-
facturing the generator or dynamo
is used and electricity is made in
this way by induction. In other
words, we make it by letting a coil
of wire (or several coils) be re-
volved by steam or water power

(usually) as it cuts through the area of mag-
netism (field) of a giant magnet something like
those we used when we were children. This
coil catches the electricity and it is led off by
wires wherever we want it to perform. Coil
on its spindle is called the armature, where the
wire is attached to lead off the electricity from
the armature are contact pieces, and the plates
which make the contact with the contact pieces
and to which are attached the wires of the
out-going electric circuit are called the brushes.
There is much more to say, but not in this
article. If you are interested we refer you to
Charles R. Gibson's "Romance of Electricity"
for simple electrical explanations.

The motor with a few mechanical changes
is the reverse of the dynamo; it works by elec-
tricity and changes it into mechanical power
to work our washing machines, etc. There are
on the market A. C., D. C., and Universal mo-
tors. These you will understand after the
next section which takes up A. C. and D. C.
electricity.

"Madam, do you use A. C. or D. C. ?" asks
the man selling you a washing machine. Most
decent folk are quite at sea at this seemingly
geographic question, and yet after all it is the
most complicated simple thing in the world.
D. C. doesn't mean District of Columbia; it
simply means Direct Current. And A. C.
means Alternating Current. And on these two
kinds hang all the wires of electric profits.

Direct current or D. C. is a current that runs
in one direction over the wire like water through
a pipe. It is simple to visualize, even if elec-
tricity does flow 163,000 miles per second. But
alternating current (A. C.) is electricity which
alternates and goes back and forth, generally.
Even though it goes back and forth in waves
of tremendous rapidity, you can see that there
must be a time in this period when the elec-
tricity is for an infinitesimal space of time at
low power, and another infinitesimal space
of time at high. In order to keep the supply
even and steady, two and sometimes three coils
of wire are used in the generator to catch the
electricity so that there is scant opportunity
for the electric supply to be anything but even,
for when one coil is up the other is down and

10.000

I.OOO

IOO

KILOWATT HOURS

The electric meter tells how much current you are using in
whole house. To read it, begin at the left-hand dial, and
each of the others in turn. In this example, add 9,000, 100
and l—o total of 9121

they even up the strength of the current.

So when your salesman asks you when you
buy a motor, "If you have A. C. or D. C.
electricity" and you say A. C. he may go on
and say, "How many phase?" Then you
should find cut the answer from your lighting
company. He then may ask you how many
cycles, which when translated means the elec-
tric period it takes for the alternating current
to flow back and forth.

Nov the dynamos for D. C. and A. C. elec-
tricity vary slightly, but that need not trou-
ble us.

THE reason for two kinds of electricity
at all is that each, though obeying the
larger laws, has its own peculiar habits
and good points.

For example, alternating current can be car-
ried long distances at high pressure (high volt-
age) and side-tracked by a transformer to a
little home and the pressure very simply re-
duced. In other cases the pressure can be very
simply increased. Therefore in country dis-
tricts one is very prone to see A. C. in vogue.

The same amount of current, whether D. C.
or A. C., is used for lighting, etc.

A. C. is not used for electro-plating, etc.,
or for storage batteries. This is a good point
to remember if you have storage batteries to
supply for bells, etc., and your current is A. C.
You will have to have your batteries charged
from a plant which makes D. C. or install a
small "converter." If you attempt to use the
A. C. you will burn out your plates.

But how is electricity measured? How, in
other words, do we know how much we use and
how can we test our bills? The following
paradigm will give the electric measures trans-
lated into the more familiar terms of water
measurement :

ELECTRIC WATER

Volt Pressure

Ampere Rate of flow of current per

second

Watt Fraction of horsepower (H.P.)

Kilowatt (1000 watts). 1>4 H.P.

Resistance Friction (as water resists the

sides of a pipe).

Ohms (the unit of Friction (as water resists the
measuring resistance) . sides of a pipe) .

The volt takes its name from
Volta, an Italian scientist; the am-
pere from a Frenchman, the ohm
from a German, the watt from am
Englishman. We hear most about
volts and watts. Voltage is found
by multiplying the ohms by the
amperes. The volt is the pressure
that makes electricity flow through
the wire, and the friction of resist-
ance to its flow is measured by the
ohm.

The amount of work a given
number of amperes will do at a
(Continued on page 66)

the
add

i, 20

March, 1922

RICH
COLOR

in a

SMALL
KITCHEN

There is no reason
•why kitchens should
look like operating
rooms. Without de-
tracting from their
efficiency they can be
made colorful, pleas-
ant places in •which to
work. Proof of this is
found in the kitchen
of a New York home,
decorated by Mrs. A.
de Voo Cummings

Matt.io Eilwards Hewitt

Although the kitchen
is small it is rich in
color. The walls and
tiling are white. A
red and white checked
gingham is used for
curtains and for the
flounces to the range
hood and the old
Swedish iron lighting
fixture which is paint
ed yellow

The furniture and
woodwork are painted
bright blue with red
flower decorations
and the top of one of
the tables is covered
with red oil cloth.
Dishes are of colorful
Italian pottery and
pewter. Peasant em-
broidery hangs above
the kitchen work
table

House & Garden

COMPETITION

SOCIETY- OF- LITTTX-GARDENJ

The Society of Little Gardens in Philadelphia
recently offered prizes for plans by which an
unsightly backyard could be turned into an
attractive garden. This first prize scheme was
designed by Prentiss French, Brookline, Mass.

The first garden calls for a series of enclosures
created by hedges. In front is a turf panel
surrounded by flower beds and behind is a
brick-paved court with pool in the center and
a vine-covered pergola background

THE BACKYARD
COMPETITION OF THE

SOCIETY OF
LITTLE GARDENS

The third prize, awarded to Alan Cornwell Smith of

New York, plans for a paved garden through which

runs a canal for water plants. Behind are a grass plot

and a lily pool for terminus

By using the stone pavements in both the garden and
the garage lane this third prize garden is given a pleas-
ing sense of unity. Colour is found in the irregular beds
filling the corners

March, 1922

WINNING DESIGNS FOR
THE IMPROVEMENT OF
I SMALL SUBURBAN
PLACES

Louise Payson, of New York, won the second
prize for a design that affords a vista from the
gate to the pergola end. Paths and rear plat-
form are of irregular stones and the planting
mainly perennial

To this contest three hundred designs were
submitted from all parts of the country. The
standard by which they were judged was high,
and of them all only twenty-five were recom-
mended for exhibition

v ' j-v y^f^X. -\:T^~z ^-

M.CK — ~*W£D — CQAPETITION
SOCIETY OF LITTLE .
PHILADELPHIA

t-
JT>

••:, ^AE:

"4N*^V*A- .-.^ I - ;

:; "••

Among the designs honorably mentioned was one by

Thomas Earle Laughlin, of Narbeth, Pa. A lattice fence

is recommended and the platform at the rear is raised

above the level of the front garden

A radical departure from the other designs in Mr. Laugh-

lin's plan is the arbor covering the garage driveway and

masking the garage. The beds are planted to perennials

and the background to tall shrubs

House &• Garden

This green enameled garden basket

8" high holds a trowel, dibble, knife,

pruning shears, flower scissors, spool

of wire and ball of string .S16.75

A flower-gathering basket that sticks

into the ground is 20" long and 11"

wide. In natural wicker $13.25.

Enameled dark green $15.75

(Above) A col-
lection of twelve
dahlias of well-
known varieties
may be purchased
for S3

The unusually at-
tractive bird
house below of
rustic cedar is
priced at $2

Fertilize your garden
when watering. This
attachment fits any
hose. Complete with 48
balls of fertilizer. S3 .50

An unusually business-
like pair of pruning
shears, made of finest
steel is S3. 75. They
are 8l/2" long

Gladioli are among the
most easily grown of
flowers. A collection
of fifteen choice varie-
ties is priced at $2

A practical pair of fine
steel rose pruning
shears, only 6" long
may be purchased for
$1.65

Attractive flower baskets are necessary in garden work and
only one distinctive in line or coloring should be chosen.
Above is a basket of serviceable shape, made of firm pliable
willow in natural color. It is especially adapted to holding
long-stemmed flowers. 21" long, 9" wide, $7.75

The convenient bot-
tle spray above is
for house plants of
all kinds. $1.50. It
holds a quart

A collection of six flowers to give variety to the garden con-
sists of an annual blue anchusa, deep violet-blue petunia,
Blue Lace flower, dahlia-flowered zinnia, a double poppy
and a pale primrose annual chrysanthemum. $2. Flower
scissors S2.50. Celluloid garden labels $2.50 a hundred

March, 1922

FOR SPRING

AND SUMMER

GARDENS

All the articles on these pages may be

purchased through the House & Garden

Shopping Service, 19 West 44th Street,

New York City

An iron dibble for transplanting $.75.

Spring-tooth weeder with 18" handle

$.50. Short handle $.35

(Right) This compressed
air sprayer used in every
variety of spraying holds
4 gallons. The galvanized
iron tank has an automatic
shut-off. It is easily car-
ried by handle or shoulder
strap $6.50

This lattice trellis makes a sub-
stantial vine support. It is
painted dark green and is 18"
wide and 6' high $2.75

Six varieties of choice, ever-bloom-
ing hybrid tea rose bushes which will
bloom this summer. $7.50

Above in the center is a
practical garden apron
made of heavy rubber. [I
is priced at .S3. The
sprayer is shoian at the left
with a description

For roses comes this effective
fan-shaped trellis 2' high and
10" wide at top. 50c each. It
may also be had in larger sizes

Above is a garden or house syringe of heavy brass equipped
with two nozzles producing a fine mist or a spray. $3. A
revolving lawn sprinkler that waters evenly an area of 25'
to 40' may be had for $1.50

The bird trellis
above stands 39"
high. The parrot is
green and yellow, $1

A special watering pot for seed beds and conservatories is
equipped with two nozzles. One throws a spray in a half-
circle which falls in the form of fine rain. It is painted red
and has a capacity of 4 quarts. $6

House &• Garden

March

THE GARDENER'S CALENDAR

Third Month

Even if there is a
late March snow
you can prepare the
sweet pea trench

Use sifted loam in

the flats or pans

where the early

seeds are sown

I b o Hum privet

branches out well at

the base. Elm City

Nurserv Co.

SUNDAY

MONDAY

TUESDAY

WEDNESDAY

THURSDAY

FRIDAY

SATURDAY

30. Boards,

31. Rhubarb

1. Chrysan-

straw, burlap,
cornstalks and

should now be
showing some

This calendar of the gardener's labors is

ff^orn is the win-
ter rug of

themums for
next fall must

other winter
covering ma-
terials for box-
wood and such
tender plants
must be re-

growth. Bar-
rels placed over
the plants will
give earlier and
better stalks.
Beds that were

aimed as a reminder for undertaking all
his tasks in season. It is fitted to the
latitude of the Middle States, but its ser-
vice should be available for the whole
country if it be remembered that for every

white.
And in the
snow-bare
spots once
more.
Glimpses of faint

be propagated
now. If the
space is avail-
able it is good
practice to put
in a batch of

movednow. If

not mulched

one hundred miles north or south there is

green grass

cuttings every

possible, select
dull, cloudy
weather for
carrying on

should have a
good applica-
tion of manure
dug into them

a difference of from five to seven days
later or earlier in performing garden
operations. The dates given are. of

Spring's foot-
prints on
the floor.
Frank Dempster

four weeks un-
til June to as-
sure a long
period of bloom

operation.

at about this
time.

Sherman.

well Into I he
autumn.

2. All the

3. Asparagus

4. If you

5. All new

6. Changes

7. All the

8. Where ab-

necessary

is one vege-

have not al-

plantings of

of all kinds

exotic plants.

solutely neces-

pruning must
be attended to

table that
starts growth

ready planted
them, seeds of

hardy stock
must be set out.

where thelmov-
ing of plants,

such as kentiaSi
d racae n as.

sary, bay trees,
hydrangeas

now. Foliage-

very early, so

cabbage, cauli-

The earlier in

sod, hedges.

cocos, arecas.

and other orna-

trees and

dig the winter

flower, celery.

the planting

etc., Is involve''

etc., should be

mental plants

shrubs, all the

mulch under

parsley, let-

season this is

must be carried

re-potted at

should be re-

flowering types

now, hill up the

tuce, tomatoes.

done the less

into execution

this time. Use

tubbed. Others

that blossom

rows on the old

egg-plant, pep-

losses you will

at once. This

pots about 1

can be re- ferti-

on the termi-
nals of the new

plantings, and
apply saltliber-

pers, leek and
onions should

have. Just as
soon as the

also applies to
garden walks

Inch larger
•than the plants

lized by digging
out some of the

growth, such as

ally to the bed.

be sown. See

frost leaves the

which, if altered

now occupy.

old soil with a

roses and fruits

New plantings

page 47 for de-

ground is the

In early spring,

The soil must

trowel and till-

of all kinds, re-

should be start-

tailed Informa-

proper time for

settle by sum-

be light, con-

ing In with a

cjulre atten-

ed now from

tion on this

work of this

mer, becoming

taining plenty

rich, fresh

tion.

good roots.

work.

sort.

permanent.

of leaf mold.

mixture.

9. Have you

10. Better

11. Oannas,

12. Cuttmgs

13. Make a

14. Sowing of

15. Any

everything In

make arrange-

especially the

of all the vari-

habit of heel-

all the more

changes In old

readiness for

ments now to

newer or better

ous types of

ing in your nur-

common types

plantings or

the opening of

use your green-

types, should

bedding plants

sery stock the

of annual flow-

new plants con-

the big garden

house for some

be divided by

should be start-

instant it ar-

ers should be

templated for

drive next

useful purpose

cutting theeycs

ed in sand in

rives. Stock

attended to

the perennial

month? Seeds,

this summer.

separately.

the greenhouse

that is allowed

now. Asters,

border should

garden 1 me.

Potted fruits.

They can then

early this

to lie around in

zinnias, calen-

be finished up

plant labels,

chrysanthe-

be rooted by

month. Coleus,

the wind and

dula, balsams.

at the earliest

measuring

mums, melons,

placing in sharp

geraniums, Ian-

sun Is certain

salvia, mari-

moment. Those-

1 1 ick , pea

English forcing

.sand, or they

tana, helio-

to show heavy

gold, scabiosa.

w h I c h are

brush, bean

cucumbers,

may be potted

trope, agerat-

losses, because

pansles, stocks.

planted early

poles and to-

etc., are some

up In a very

um, etc., are

its roots will be

etc., are some

in the season

mato supports

of the many

light soil mix-

some which

dried out and

of the many

will flower late

are a few essen-

possible prod-

ture if you pre-

come under

the small er

varieties that

this comi ng

tials.

ucts.

fer.

this heading.

ones will die.

may be planted.

summer.

16. Specimen

17. Small

18. Before the

10. The cov-

20. This is

21. All the

22. The top

trees of all

fruits of the dif-

buds burst on

ering on t he-

the time to

various garden

protection on

types that are

ferent types

the deciduous

strawberries

think of flowers

tools will soon

the rose bushes

not growing

can be planted

trees and

should be re-

for next winter

be in use regu-

can now be re-

satisfactorily

now. Grapes,

shrubs, the

moved a n d

in the green-

larly. Are they

moved; dig the

can be Invigor-

raspberries,

whole growth

burned and the

house. Primula

in proper con-

wintermufch of

ated by cutting

blackberries.

should be

manure mulch

of the Chinese

dition? Good

manure well

a trench en-

etc., can be

looked over

ran be dug un-

or Obconica

work is Impos-

under. A liberal

tirely around

trained on wire

carefully for

der. In cases

type, cyclamen

sible with poor

application of

the tree about

trellises, or

any caterpillar

where for some

and antirrhin-

or dull tools.

bone meal to

four feet from

stakes may be

nests, which

reason no fall

um are three of

Cio over all the

the soil will

the trunk and

used. The lat-

can easily be

mulch was ap-

the best sorts.

implements.

produce worth-

filling it in with

ter arc neater

destroyed by

plied the bed

They should be

removing any

while results

good rich earth

and more eco-

burning with-

should be well

started from

rust and sharp-

during the flow-

well tamped

nomical of

out injuring the

manured and

seed now under

ening the cut-

ering season

down.

space.

plants.

dug in.

glass.

ting edges.

this year.

23. If you

24. All the

25. Sweet

2f>. Mulches

27. Most of

28. All trees

29. Manure

are considering

best varieties

peas may be

of all kinds ap-

the diseases to

and shrubs

applied to

new lawns this

of dahlia roots

sown out of

plied to shrub-

which potatoes

thiit are sub-

lawns last fall

spring get 'the

should be

doors now. Dig

bery borders.

are heir are

ject to attacks

must now be

ground ready

started Into

trenches about

perennial

caused by dry,

of San Jose

raked up. AH

for seeding just

growth so that

two feet deep

plantings, flow-

hot weather.

scale should be

lawns should

as soon as it

cuttings can be

and the width

er beds, eic..

Potatoes like

sprayed with

be raked clean

can be worked.

made of those

of a spade. Fid

should be dug

cool, moist soil.

one of the sol-

and rolled or

Early sowings

desired. If the

the trench with

under. In doing

Prepare a piece

uble oil mix-

tamped. A top

will prove to be
much freer of

roots are laid
upon a few

good top soil
and manure

this, get the
manure as deep

of ground and
plant them

tures before
the buds swell.

dressing of
wood ashes and

weeds than

inches of sand

well mixed and

as possible and

now, or as soon

At least forty-

bone meal will

those which are

and watered

sow the seed

see that it is

as the soil can

eight hours are

help to produce

made during

freely they will

about two

thoroughly in-

be worked. An

needed to

a good vigor-

the summer

soon start Into

inches below

c o r p o r a t cd

early start

smother these

ous growth of

months.

growth.

the surface.

with the soil.

makes success.

posts.

grass.

/BEEN stttdyin' over it all winter, an' I cal'late I'll sorter re-tire come June. IV hat a man gits out o'

workin' like I done all my life don't make the game worth the candle — not when he's my age.

Why should I keep on a-grindn' when I've got all 1 need to keep me an' Liza co-tnf table the rest of

our days? Ain't a man entitled to put plain, clean, sensible pleasure ahead o' scrap pin' i&ith other men

for the almighty dollar!'

So 1 cal'late June' 11 see me 'tcndin' to my ow-n affairs 'stead of other folks'. Some of 'em'll be glad

o' that, an' mebbe a fciv won't — but I don't give a continental cuss wha-t any of 'em- thinks. 1'tn sick an'

tired o' bein' the goat, as them smart-alcck city fellers ses.

I'm a-goin' to work fcr myself, an' do the things I've alias wanted to do. My time's gain' to be my
own, not somcbuddy else's; an' 1 in goin' to spend it as I durn please — fishin', fussin' 'round the farm,
workin' at the things I like to work at. If I don't feel like gittin' up afore eight o'clock in the mornin',

by heck I won't git up!

Mebbe ye think this sounds funny, comin' from mef but honest — don't ye think that even an old,

rheumatic worm's got a right to turn some time?

— Old Doc Lemmon.

Crafting new varie-
ties on inferior fruit
trees is done before
the sap starts

The dwarf Mugho

pine is an excellent

specimen evergreen.

n. Hill Nnrser-v

Watch for and de-
stroy insect cocoons
before they have a
chance to hatch

The soil around transplanted seed-
lings should be kept cultivated. A long-
handled claw will reach parts of the flats
otherwise difficult to get at

The outstanding features of the new Sunnybrook

pepper are early and long bearing season, thickness

and sweetness of flesh. Courtesy of the W. Atlee

Burpee Co.

Watering with a fine hose is important

in success with seedlings. Give them

plenty of sunlight and fresh air after they

come up, and don't let them crowd

March, 1922

"My Victor Records
shall be my biography

That was Caruso's characteristic remark when he
was once approached regarding his biography.

The one hundred and seventy-eight Victor
Records by Caruso, and many records yet to be is-
sued, truly constitute the best autobiography of the
world's greatest singer; a unique autobiography
which has never been equalled for vividness; an
autobiography which is itself alive and which will
continue to delight all the succeeding generations.

The Caruso records include fifty-six operatic arias,
twenty- three concert ballads, sixteen Neapolitan songs,
fifteen love lyrics, twelve sacred numbers, five patriotic
selections, and fifty-one concerted numbers, all of
which are listed in the Victor Record Catalog. Any
dealer in Victor products will gladly give you a copy
and play any numbers for you.

Victrola

REG. U.S. PAT.

"HIS MASTER'S VOICE"

REC US PAT OFF

Thit trademark anil thr tr»df mtrVed word "Vkttoli" Identify

•1! our product*. Look under the lid! Look on the label'

VICTOR TALKING MACHINE CO.. Camden. N. J.

Victor Talking Machine Company, Camden,N.j.

House &• Garden

TAPESTRIES
ENDURE

EE Period Tapestries possess not
only high decorative value, but
also have the characteristic texture
of their period, which is essential to
all true reproductions.

Inquiries invited through your Decorator, who
will le pleased to give you a co£y of our
new tookJet "Tapestries with Histories".

ARTHUR-H liEE eSOJTCS

Makers of Period Fabrics

1501 HEYWORTH BUILDING

Chicago

ALLAN & MACPHERSON
31 Melinda St., Toronto

2 WEST 47th STREET

New York

BIRKENHEAD

England

Things You Should Know About Electricity

(Continued from page 58)

certain voltage (pressure) is known as
watts.

So if by chance you ever need for-
mulae here is a little one for your card
catalog:

OhmsXamPeres=volts.

VoltsH-ohm=ampere.

VoltsXampere= watts.

1 Kilowatt=1000 watts.

1000 watts=lj^ H. P.

The next thing which is necessary for
the householder to know is how to com-
pute costs of electrical usage.

The amount of electric power used,
for example, by the electric light is
measured in watts. Look on any in-
candescent bulb and you will see thereon
the number of watts — usually around 50
or 60.

In order to know how many watts a
light consumes, divide the number of
watts it consumes by 1000 to reduce it
to a something of a kilowatt. Then
multiply this result by the number of
hours the lamp has been lit by the kilo-
watt to get the kilowatt hour of elec-
tricity. The kilowatt hour, of course,
multiplied by the rate per kilowatt hour
in your locality will give you the cost.
The rate is always figured on the kilo-
watt hour.

Watts-hlOOO=kilowatts.

KiIowattXhours=kilowatt hours.

Kilowatt hoursXrate=cost.

Probably it would be a good thing to
know how to read the meter, which
generally consists of four little dials
which are read from right to left. The
first dial measures the tens, the second
the hundreds, the third the thousands,
the fourth the ten thousands. Therefore
if the hand in the left dial has passed
9, that would stand for 9000

In 2nd dial nearest to 1 that would

stand for 100

In 3d dial nearest to 2, that would

stand for 20

In 4th dial nearest to 1, that would
stand for 1

9121

The total is 9121 kilowatt hours and
this multiplied by the rate (say ten
cents) as it is in some places, would
mean that the bill for this consump-
tion would be S92.1. Now, knowing
from your last month's bill that the
reading of the meter then was 8200 — by
subtracting you find that the actual
current consumed was 921 K. W. hours,
which multiplied by rate (say 10 cents)
gives you $92.10 as your bill.

To quote from an article in this series
on electric ranges will give you an idea
as to how to buy in accordance with
voltage and how the cost is reckoned
in watts:

"It is necessary when ordering a
range to give the voltage of your
electricity supply. The stoves are usu-
ally prepared for 110-220, 110 volts
with two wire service from the street
or 110-220 volts with three wire service.
In some stoves the cut-out box is built
on the range directly back of the
switches. This, then, can be easily
opened if anything happens. In the
stock stove there is made an extra charge
for voltage exceeding 220 or less than
110, because alterations have to be
made.

According to the size of heating ele-
ments in the stove, etc., the wattage
runs from 10,000 watts or 10 kilowatts,
which is the same thing, to about
2500 watts, or 2l/2 kilowatts on a small
three-heating-unit range. This gives
its total capacity if everything goes at
once. The number of watts used mul-
tiplied by our local rate, say four
cents, gives the cost per kilowatt
hour, which in this case would be 40
cents per hour.

Have you ever wondered how elec-
tricity changes from current to heat?
Have you ever wondered how we can

cook, and iron and warm a room by it?

It is due to electricity's resistance,
which is measured in ohms. It is the
resistance which is turned into heat.
The process of overcoming resistance
results in throwing off heat. It is quite
familiar.

Did you ever rub a piece of wood in
the palm of your hand for a little
while and feel the heat given off? We
call it friction, but it is really the giving
off of heat due to expenditure of me-
chanical energy.

The same thing happens with the
electricity. This electricity which tra-
vels at the speed of 163,000 miles a sec-
ond, when it comes into frictional rela-
tion with its conductor pushes aside
the molecules of the metal, and here
the mechanical energy is magically
transformed into heat.

Some Technical Terms

When we hear short-circuit men-
tioned, what does it mean to us? Well,
it should mean that the path of the
electricity (electric circuit) has been
suddenly shortened, the electricity has
escaped through the ground or over
another conductor.

Insulation is the covering by which
the escape of electricity through the
wire is made impossible. Always see
to it that the insulation is in perfect
condition.

All wires must be insulated. In
damp places rubber covered wire must
be used.

Wires must always be protected with
porcelain tubes passing through parti-
tion walls, girders, and where they pass
over pipes, and other wires, etc.

Incandescent lights are merely globes
with a vacuum in which a filament of
tungsten or some other highly resistant
material meets the electric current and
glows through its very resistant power.

The switch is merely a device to
open and close the path of electricity.

The socket is the termination of two
wires from the generator or battery,
into which the bulb of the light is put
and other connections made.

You will notice two wires on every
electric connection. This is to make a
complete electric circuit (path) to and
from the points where it is used.

The outlet is the opening where the
socket can be placed. The more out-
lets you have in your home before
building the better off you will be for
ever and ever. A convenient outlet
(sometimes called a baseboard or wall
receptacle) is simply a place for con-
veniently connecting electric appliances
to your electric current.

Fuses are things we hear much about.
They are the stop-gaps really between
danger and safety and though they
make a splutter when they "blow out"
it is right that they should. Briefly, the
fuse is a bit of lead or other metal with
a low melting point so placed that when
the circuit gets overloaded for any rea-
son the metal will melt and open the
circuit, stopping the electricity and pre-
venting danger.

When the fuse burns, we call that a
blow-out, but this burning has saved
us from dangerous currents.

Every house should be well supplied
with fuses, and as soon as they are
blown out, restored. Your superinten-
dent or electrician will show you how
to restore the oft blown-out fuse. So
it is wise to keep a few new fuses in
one's home.

The fuse will blow out sometimes if
you allow a bit of metal from a lamp
shade to cavort too intimately with the
excitable parts of your incandescent
bulb; then the wire gets overloaded
and the tin or lead conductor on the
fuse melts and prevents the greater
current doing any damage. It's simple,
(Continued on page 68)

March, 1922

-tumttoe

transcending the
commonplace, well
within moderate cost

*XHE successful room not only harmonizes with
-*- its architectural background but leaves the
impression that it was created to be lived in.

f|T Thus, the planning of any interior is a
jJ matter of discriminative selection rather
than extravagant expenditure — which may
account for even the simplest room remaining
an unforgetable picture in one's memory.

Here may be acquired groups and single
pieces of Furniture possessing that subtle
suggestion of livableness which is inseparable
from correct design, worthy quality and perfect
artisanship.

Grand Rapids Furniture Company

INCORPORATED

De lu%£*prints of attractive interiors, simple or
* "elaborate as desired, gratis upon request.

417-421 MADISON AVENUE

48<i!-49'-!! Streets *•- Formerly of West 3'liSt.
NEW YORK

Ifluwiturc :

©lytrts

Jurptobuctions

House & Garden

JOHNSON'S WOOD DYE

How to Finish Woodwork

The finishing of woodwork — old or new, is just a matter
of using the proper materials. The Johnson Line of Artistic
Wood Finishes is complete — it includes Johnson's Wood
Dye, Perfectone Enamel and Undercoat, Varnishes, Pre-
pared Wax, Paste Wood Filler, Crack Filler and everything
necessary for woodwork, floors and furniture.
Johnson's Wood Dye is the proper material to use for stain-
ing wood— old or new — soft or hard. For the popular
enamel finish on either new or hard work use Johnson's
Perfectone Undercoat and Enamel. Made in White, Ivory
and French Gray.

For refinishing old woodwork, floors and furniture in color
where you do not care to go to the trouble or expense of
removing the old finish, apply one coat of Johnson's Sani-
Spar Varnish Stain. Made in four beautiful shades.

Free!

THIS BOOK ON HOME BEAUTIFYING

THIS book contains practical suggestions on
how to make your home artistic, cheery and
inviting — explains how you can easily and
economically refinish and keep woodwork, fur-
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This book gives complete instructions for finish-
ing all wood — hard or soft — old or new. Tells
how inexpensive soft wood may be finished so it
is as beautiful and artistic as hard wood.

Are You Building ?

If so, you will find this book particularly inter-
esting and useful. It will tell you how to do the
work yourself and enable you to talk intelligently
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This book is the work of experts — illustrated in color.
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________ .J

Things You Should Know About Electricity

(Continued from page 66)

isn't it? The little fuses come in con-
venient shape. Sometimes it is wise to
use a rubber glove when putting them
in. We have seen a sparking do a bit
of burning.

Electricity is not dangerous when
properly employed. It is dangerous
when you use it wrongly. If you put
your hand under a boiling hot stream
of hot water you will get burnt. If you
put your hand on a red hot stove you
will get burnt; if you burn a fire in a
wooden box you will have more fire
than you bargained for; if you inhale
gas you will die. Such is the case with
electricity, which is a most controllable
force if you are not ignorant as to how
to use it. However, if you will put a
hot curling iron on your table without
turning off your current you will have
a cozy little fire start up; so you would
if you laid down a cigaret without
putting it out. Most accidents occur
simply because of such ridiculous care-
lessness. Mr. A. M. Grant of the Man-
hattan Electrical Supply Company said
a wise thing in reference to this subject :
"Before connecting any appliance to
your lamp socket turn out the light in
the bulb ; then you know that your
current is off. Never attach anything
to anything electrical until the current
is off and never go away and leave an
appliance with the electricity turned
on."

More specifically, in using any elec-
tric appliance non-continuously, shut off
the current immediately upon stopping.
Do not only pull out the plug but turn
off the electricity.

In using the flat iron detach the plug
at the iron as well as turn off the cur-
rent from the socket.

Remove the iron from the goods and
detach the plug when called away from
the ironing board.

Never pull the plug out by the cord;
always grip it at the spring.

Always replace at once frayed wires
— as the ends often collide and make
blow-outs.

Don't leave your electric curling iron
on the table cloth and do something
else about the room without first turn-
ing off the current — or you'll have a
cute little fire.

Care must be taken in using too many
cluster plugs, because the electric cir-
cuit (path) may be overloaded. That
is, too much electricity drawn over the
wire which is made for a certain load.
Then your fuse will blow out. Extra
appliances should be attached to differ-
ent circuits. This a good electrician
will regulate for you. Too much watt-
age (horsepower) over one circuit is
like forcing any machinery to the break-
ing point. A percolator, toaster and a
lamp are too heavy a load for the or-
dinary circuit. Connect at the same

place only those appliances that are of
low wattage.

Some firms have now made percola-
tors and water heaters with fuse-nut or
safety fuse devices which melt if over-
loaded or allowed to heat up without
any liquid in them to be heated. You
must not let a percolator "perc" with-
out any water in it. People complain
more about good percolators because
their heating element burns out, either
because they do this or because they
have it connected up with too many
other devices. Even if you do the right
thing in these respects, don't forget to
disconnect the electricity by pulling out
the plug.

Don't get your electricity heating pad
wet. In fact, don't wet any electric ap-
pliance carelessly or you may have a
short circuit.

Remember that electricity, magic as
it is, can burn as well as any flame, so
don't let your curtains blow against a
red hot electric radiator and then blame
it on the electricity which after all is
your servant if you make it so by right
treatment.

Always ask your salesman to what
the device purchased should be attached.
Some things are designed for the ordi-
nary lamp socket, and others need dif-
ferent connections.

Many electric appliances have the
pilot light to tell you whether your
electric current is on or off. Yet it is
wise to be your own pilot and remem-
ber what you. are doing.

Wherever there is repetition in this
section it has been perpetrated for un-
usual emphasis.

Do not leave your electrical installa-
tion entirely to your architect. Watch
what is happening. Remember you need
as many outlets as you possibly can
afford; the more you have the better
lighting you can have, the better elec-
tric comforts you can have. If you
have few outlets you are very prone
to overload your circuit, and in the fu-
ture as more electric devices come into
being you will have to pass them up.
Outlets consume no electricity but are
simply entrances where electricity can
be located as soon as the appliance is
connected up with it and turned on.

Above all, have your electric installa-
tion put in by the most responsible and
experienced people you can get to do it.

When you buy appliances always ask
what voltage they require and find out
what your own voltage is before you
buy; also find out whether you have
D. C. or A. C., and if A. C. find out
what phase and cycle. These things will
save you time and money and free you
from any apprehension of calamity from
the use of electricity.

There is much left unsaid in this tale.
It would take a book to say everything.

Painted Tapestries

(Continued from page 34)

in paintings done after the manner
of a tapestry? Instead of quaint por-
traits of dramatic days, Mr. Brinley de-
cided to express his own generation in
a modern medium, at a swift moving
pace and the energy characteristic of
this century. And so we find such a
study as "The Picnic", a large panel
done in the simplest fashion, of every-
day folks, enjoying life out-of-doors,
without noticeable drama in subject.

A second tapestry, "A Boatyard at
Noank," is a little more reminiscent
of the usual handling of an oil paint-
ing. There is a greater sense of life
here, and the crowded canvas has defi-
nitely arresting spaces. Both pictures,
however, convey a sense of monotony,
from the repetition of people so alike

in type, gesture, clothes and size. It is
an interesting experiment, and accepted
as sheer decoration, it might easily be
adjusted to certain spaces in a house
needing just this delightful combination
of colors, and not intriguing the eye
sufficiently to carry confusion to the
mind. Of course, the same exception
could be taken to the massing of fig-
ures and incidents in old tapestries. But
centuries, at least generations, have
toned down these old embroideries un-
til they take place on a wall, quietly
and gracefully.

It is quite possible that in the space
designed for them with other decora-
tions appropriate and in harmony,
these "painted tapestries" would lose
entirely their initial bewilderment.

March, 1922

Take a Kodak with you

Autographic Kodaks $6.50 up

Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, N.Y. The Kodak City

Frig'idaire

eliminates the Ice Man

Frigidaire, the electric refrigerator for
modern homes, eliminates the iceman
together with all the bother, uncertainty
and muss of an outside ice supply.

With Frigidaire you don't need to think
about an ice-card nor leave the kitchen
door unlocked so the iceman can get in.
You don t have dirty tracks on your clean
floor nor a drip-pan to empty.

Frigidaire is self-contained and automatic.
Its cold, dry air keeps food delightfully
fresh and wholesome in a temperature at
least ten degrees colder than is possible
with ice.

Fruits or salads chilled in Frigidaire have
that delicious freshness which you have
been accustomed to associate with only
the finest of hotel service.

A special compartment provides the
means for freezing ices and desserts.
Here also drinking water may be frozen
into small cubes for table use.

Frigidaire is now being demonstrated in
all principal cities by our branch offices
and distributors.

Have them explain its unusual features,
or write us for our illustrated booklet
describing Frigidaire in detail.

DELCO-LIGHT COMPANY
Dayton, Ohio

The price of Frigidaire has recently been

reduced from $775 to $595 /. o. fc. Dayton £'

CLEAN DRY

[fay

ELECTRICAL REFRIGERATION

House &• Garden

AN EXHIBITION OF ARCHITECTURE

MOST arts are practiced equally for
the artist and the public; you
hear the singer in opera and concert,
you see the painter's work in galleries
and studios; but from time immemorial
the architect has worked silently, creat-
ing and executing his designs either for
his client alone or for his own pleasure.
There has never been any real oppor-
tunity to keep in touch with the work
of our architects; although architecture
is perhaps the most fundamental of all
arts, for some strange reason architec-
tural exhibitions have not taken their
place with painting, sculpture and the
crafts. To an extent the Architectural
League in New York City has over-
come this prejudice, and all lovers of
fine building, public and domestic, who
really enjoy keeping track of the work
of our extremely interesting and originaf
designers of homes should be most
grateful to this organization. It has al-
ways had a sound purpose in its exhi-
bitions, and has brought together arch-
itects, mural decorators, craftsmen,
manufacturers, giving them equal op-
portunity for presentation and the pub-
lic some idea of the stupendous progress
they are making.

And now at last we are having that
most desired development to the League
exhibition, an individual show of one
firm of architects. For two weeks at
the Wildenstein Galleries the rooms were
given up to the work of those makers
of sumptuously beautiful homes, Walk-
er & Gillette. This exhibition was worth
many visits, because not only were pho-
tographs of the various houses pre-
sented, but of gardens, which had been
carefully and wisely designed in har-
mony with the houses, and beautifully
fitted and furnished rooms of the house ;
all the work of this one firm of archi-
tects. Which makes us realize how sig-
nificant it is that our architects should
also be landscape gardeners and interior
decorators.

Unless the people for whom beautiful
homes are being designed have very
definite ideas and ideals of houses and
gardens, the entire work of developing
estates should be given into the hands
of the architectural firm. It is no easy
matter for a landscape gardener to de-
velop an appropriate setting for a house

that he has not planned, to make it in
sympathy with the architect's ideal
And who could so wisely finish, fit and
furnish a house as the man who de-
signed and executed it? Of course,
none of these ideas holds in the small
house or where men and women have
a definite ideal of homemaking basec
upon real understanding.

It is a curious fact that in this coun-
try we have a much greater apprecia-
tion of fine architecture than of fine
decoration and furniture. Whether this
is because our architects are allowed
more leeway in planning houses, than
our decorators have in fitting them, 01
whether it is an art that has made much
greater strides than has interior dec-
oration, one is not prepared to say. Ir
any case, both in the East and in the
West, it is possible to find really signifi-
cant, appropriate architecture with nol
a room in the house interestingly fitted
up or beautifully furnished.

And so this exhibition of Walker &
Gillette's was a lesson to every persor
interested in home-making, apart from
being a very great pleasure esthetically ;
because with its sumptuous beauty
there was mingled a practical idea oi
comfort and utility in every detail oi
the planning of these homes. There i:
not space here to go into detail about
the different houses, or the gardens intc
which the home spirit overflowed sc
beautifully. One can only hope that
this is the forerunner of many exhibi-
tions by architects of note, which will
be welcomed not only by artists and
students, but by the lovers of homes
who really believe there is such a thing
as an ideal American domestic archi-
tecture.

We learn with great interest that the
Architectural League, which will hold its
exhibition this year at the League's old
quarters, 2 IS W. 57th Street, New York
this season seeks to bring in direct com-
munication not only the architects and
the decorators but all those people whc
work with architects and decorators to
make successful buildings and gardens
With the increased desire for homes thai
is spreading over this country, the
League should be one of the most in-
teresting spots in New York, from Feb-
ruary Sth to March 4th.

YOUR DOG AND YOU

IT goes without saying— or it should
go — that if your dog is worth own-
ing at all he is worth enough proper
training to fit him for his station in
life. There would be no particular
point in trying to teach an anaemic
Chihuahua to kill woodchucks, or a
forty-pound Airedale to sleep shiveringly
on a silken oriental pillow ; but both
of them should learn to come instant-
ly when summoned, to lie down or
otherwise "stay put" when ordered to
do so, and to keep civil tongues quietly
in their heads on the many occasions
when noisy ones would be undesirable.
These things are merely common-sense
— perhaps that is the reason one so
seldom sees evidences of their having
been taught, as one goes about among
average dog-owning people.

The foundation of good manners in
a dog is most easily laid in the early
stages of your association with him — .
or rather, of your training of him.
Whether he be a pup or a grown-up, a
thorough comprehension by him of
your authority should underlie every-
thing he does, for his own benefit as
well as yours. Unless this realization is
fully effected there will always exist a
troublesome difference of opinion as to
whose will shall prevail. Once it is
acquired, however, each subsequent step
in the dog's education will be more
easily and quickly taken.

Looking back upon a good many
years of experience with dogs of many
different breeds, I might summarize the
basic secrets of successful training in
three words: patience, firmness and
justice — in the order of their setting
down. Suppose we consider these some-
what in detail.

In dealing with a dog, particularly an
untrained one, you are dealing with an
animal of relatively limited intelligence,
Whereas the most unlettered child
would doubtless understand instruction!
to stand up straight or stop scuffling
his feet, for example, such an ordei
would convey no meaning to even the
brightest of dogs until he had learned
its significance through constant repe-
tition. His brain is not so constituted
as to respond in the beginning to his
teacher's methods of thinking. The
power of reasoning, except as it affects
the acts which he conceives himself, is
markedly undeveloped.

It follows, therefore, that you musl
give him ample time to absorb the
significance of even the simplest order
and make the process as uncomplicated
as may be. His mind works slowly in
grasping new ideas, groping in the dark
and the first glimmer of understanding
is easily banished by slight distractions
Avoid confusion at any cost — confusion
from outside noises, from people pass-
(Continued on page 74)

March, 1922

INSTEAD, WE HAVE PUT EXTRA VALUE IN

Wherever you are,
on highway or boule-
vard, look for this
signature of the
All-Weather Tread

Sometimes a dealer will seek to
tempt a man away from the tire of
his choice by an offer of a "special
discount" on another make.

It sounds attractive.

It seems like a chance to get some-
thing for nothing.

As a matter of fact, it is too good
to be true.

If a tire dealer makes you such a
proposition, ask yourself who pays
for this "discount."

Does it come out of the dealer's
profit — or the manufacturer's?

If it does, how can they stay in
business?

Or does it come out of the tire?

The present unrivaled popularity
of Goodyear Tires has been built
up without the aid of "special

discounts" or like fictitious sales
inducements of any kind.

Instead of taking the cost of such
inducements out of the tire, we
have put extra value in.

Because of this extra value in
Goodyear Tires, their cost per mile
is everywhere remarkably low.

Wouldn't you rather buy low-cost
mileage, than merely low-priced
tires?

Today, Goodyear Tires are better
than ever before.

We are building them larger,
stronger, heavier, more durable.

Despite this, their prices are the
lowest they have ever been — far
lower, even, than before the war.

More people ride on Goodyear
Tires than on any other kind.

Cross Rib Fabric $10.95

30 x 3K All-Weather Tread Fabric3H.75
30i 3>i All-Weather Tread Cord . $18.00

32 x 3.K All-Weather Tread Cord . 325 .50
32x4 All-Weather Tread Cord.332.40

33 x4 All-Weather Tread Cord.333.40

Manufacturer's tax extra

33 x4j4 All-Weather Tread Cord. $42. 85

34 x 4K All-Weather Tread Cord .343.90

35 x 5 All-Weather Tread Cord .354.75

Goodyear Heavy Tourist Tubes are espe-
cially thick, sturdy and long-lived. They
come packed in a heavy, waterproof bag.
Their new prices are also remarkably low.

House & Garden

AND H A R D W A R

Add Distinction

to Your New Home

SARGENT HARDWARE is much more than
a necessary detail of building. It is a fin-
ishing touch of beauty, an important element of
the architectural or decorative scheme.

Your appreciation of Sargent Hardware will
increase as the years come and go. Hardware
is always in view and in intimate daily use. You
will not be permanently satisfied with any hard-
ware less gracefully proportioned or less perfect
in operation than Sargent.

Give the selection of hardware your earnest
consideration. Discuss it with your architect.
Progressive hardware dealers will be glad to
show you beautiful Sargent patterns to harmon-
ize with any architectural or decorative effect.

The Sargent Book of Designs is a book of
Hardware ideas for home builders. If you are
building or contemplate building in the future,
you may have a copy without charge. Write for
it today.

SARGENT & COMPANY
Hardware Manufacturers

31 Water Street

New Haven, Conn.

Insecure locks on your present home should be
replaced by Sargent Cylinder Day and Night
Latches. They should be on front and back doors
and on basement, attic, linen closet and other im-
portant inside doors.

Art and endurance
in home building

ARCHITECTURAL beauty and re-
^~\^istance to the assaults of time,
weather, and the insidious attacks of
fungus decay and destructive insects are
qualities every home should possess.

If your architect specifies Redwood sid-
ing, shingles, porch columns and trim,
you can be sure that the wood-destroying
agencies which quickly mar the beauty
of many an architectural masterpiece will
not cause you distress and expense.

Freedom from knots and immunity to
swelling, shrinking and warping are fast
winning eastern architects to a preference
for Redwood siding.

A natural preservative protects Redwood.
Many a Redwood shingled roof has lasted
in good condition upwards of 40 years.
Our Redwood shingles are all-heart wood
without a single knot. They come in all
styles to .suit every architectural require-
ment. For your protection we put our
trademark on every bundle of our genuine
California Redwood shingles and siding.

If you are planning to build a home,
send for our Redwood booklet No. 5,
"Architectural and Building Uses".

THE PACIFIC LUMBER CO. of Illinois

2081 McCormick Bldg. 823 No. 40 Rector St. Bldg.

Chicago New York City

THE PACIFIC LUMBER CO.
San Francisco Los Angeles

Export Company

A. F. THANB & CO., 40 Rector St., New York City
311 California St., San Francisco

Redwood should be specified for

Interior Finish
Natural, stained or

Exterior Construction
including — Colonial sid-
ing, clapboards, shingles,
doot and window frames
— gutters, eaves, water
tables and mudsills —
porch rail, balusters and
columns — mouldings and
lattice — pickets ana fenc-
ing— pergolas and green-
houses.

painted.

Farm and Dairy Uses
Such as— Silos, tanksand
troughs — hog feeders
and implement sheds —
wood block floors, etc.

"The Western wood for Eastern homes'

Of p Pacific Lumber Co.

The Largest Manufacturers and Distributors of California Redwood

March, 1922

:, •

Sporty, special body of th
new Isotta eight

THE

ISOTTA

THE INSPIRATION OF A. GENERA-
TION OF MOTOR BUII>1>KKS— FAMED
FOR QUALITY THOUGH LIMITED
OUTPUT—HAS PRODUCED A NEW,
EIGHT CYLINDER, STRAIGHT-
LINE MOTOR, SMOOTH AND POWER-
FUL: EQUIPPED WITH FOUR WHEEL
HRAKES FOR SAFETY AND COM-
FORT.

SPECIAL IIODIKS TO CONFORM TO
YOUR WHIMS— HUILDED WITH
CAREFUL INSPECTION.

DISTRIBUTORS FOR

IT ALA TOWN CARS

WITH THE LUXURIOUS FEELING
OF FOREIGN COACH WORK

ISOTTA MOTORS, INC.

it) WEST -44.TH STREET,
NEW YOUK CITY

The "WHITE HOUSE" Line—

Side Unit No. 50 Dresser

This combination occupies a space cf 8 ft. 6)^ in.
vlake the working center in your kitchen Sanitary, Attractive and Durable

Install Steel Dressers in place of built-in wooden
cupboards

Manufactured in a Unit System
Catalogue on request

JANES & KIRTLAND

133 West 44th Street New York

A good night's rest is certainly worthwhile. The
pleasantness of switching on darkness, — slipping be-
tween the clean linen and sinking luxuriously onto a
mattress which is not too soft — but so comfortable.

Your sheets and quilts are constantly washed. But,
it's impossible to wash a mattress. The Excelsior
Protectors will keep that mattress fresh and clean.
They are made in any size and are quilted so that they
remain soft and light and fluffy in spite of washing
and continuous use.

This quilting was
originated by us
—back in 1891.
Kvor since, we
hare been dcvel -
opintc <mr pnxlllct
to the ciualin wv
ary maintaining-

The EXCELSIOR

1 5 LAIGHT STREET

Set- that the KX-
CKL.SIOK u-juit-
iriiirk is st-wt'd to
the corner of eve-
ry Protector you
purchase from
your dealer; or
write to us.

QUILTING Co.

NEW YOKK CITY

House & Garden

The imprint of Rorimer-
Brooks artistr? on a room or
home is botk a guaranty? of
lasting artistic worth and an
assurance of essential live-
ableness. These are the sole
reasons -why Rorimer-Brooks
service has outgrown local
limitations to become
national in its scope.

Mail inquiries seeking any decorative
assistance, are given the personal
attention of the executive staff.

Sfubios

INTERIOR
DECORATORS

AND
CRAFTSMEN

FURNITURE
FABRICS - RUGS

OBJETS J'AHT

CLEVELAND, OHIO

...

vim

t_r)e Ifoli^r) Import) in "Cl^S

Rprinoer-Broolis

Studios

Your Dog and You

(Continued from page 70)

ing to and fro in the room where the
lesson is being taught, and above all,
from any excitement or loss of temper
on your part. You must practice un-
shaken self-control yourself before you
can expect to teach it to your dog.

Whatever may be the lesson you are
teaching, reduce your order to the
smallest possible number of words — to
one word, if you can — and repeat it
clearly, quietly and endlessly. Under
no circumstances is it permissible for
you to lose patience; you would only
fluster the dog and cause him to waver
in his belief that you are an infinitely
superior being. Throughout your ex-
perience with him, as well when he is
fully trained as when the first simple
lesson begins, remember that his obedi-
ence must be founded and maintained
upon unqualified and unshaken con-
fidence and respect. A dog is almost
uncannily quick to sense any delin-
quency of yours in this respect, and
once he does so, the foundation of your
control over him is gone.

The second essential qualification on
the trainer's part, firmness, is perhaps
more obvious. Once an order is issued
and understood, it must be obeyed to
the letter. Never allow any compre-
hended command to be overlooked, no
matter though you regret it as soon as
the words are out of your mouth. Not
all the king's horses or all the king's
men may be an excuse for non-com-
pliance. Let the dog realize from the
first that when he is told to do a thing
he must do it instantly and infallibly.
Therein will lie a certainty of control
over him at all times which will guar-
antee the height of mutual satisfaction
and pleasure.

Thirdly, there is the factor of justice.
Think before you order or act. Do not
ask your dog to do the impossible, and
do not mete out unmerited punishment.
Be fair and square and above-board
with him, always. If he performs well,
show him sensibly, by word or pat,
that you are pleased; if he does ill, give
evidence of your displeasure in fair
proportion to the degree of his fault.

A few words now about two other
important matters: reward for good
behavior, and punishment for bad.

An excellent principle to establish ear-
ly in the dog's education is that the
greatest reward he can win is your ex-
pressed approbation. This will make it
unnecessary for you to go about loaded
with chunks of meat or chocolate bon-

bons wherewith to compensate his good
acts. Too many people seem to believe
that the only way to reward a dog is
to fill his stomach with tid-bits, thereby
in the end unintentionally leading him
to obey merely because of his appetite.
Such a method invariably results in er-
ratic obedience, for if the dog is not
hungry, or suspects that no tempting
morsel will be forthcoming, his interest
in performance will suffer a decided
jolt. Obedience from a sense of duty
will be cheerfully given if your methods
are right.

An unspoiled dog asks little in the
way of reward — his is proverbially a
nature that gives to mankind and hopes
for but a tithe in return. When he
does well, then, cheerfully tell him that
he is a "good boy", or something like
that, and give him a cordial pat or ear-
scratching — he will appreciate them
as gifts of great price from his one
great deity.

Conversely, a sharp reprimand for
disobedience or other wrong-doing is to
the properly brought-up dog a punish-
ment dire beyond anything the uninitia-
ted would suspect. That he has dis-
pleased the great god is for him deep
humiliation and shame. He suffers
keenly from the knowledge of such dis-
pleasure, and in this lies ample punish-
ment for the great majority of situa-
tions.

Occasionally in the life of almost
every dog, and more frequently in the
case of those stubborn, hard-headed in-
dividuals with which one sometimes has
to deal, punishment through the sense
of pain has to be resorted to. True,
there are some especially gifted doggy
people who never need to apply any
physical chastisement, but most of us are
not so constituted. A wise touch of
the rod in our hands helps to keep us
from spoiling the canine child. But let
me caution you most earnestly never
to use the switch in anger or excess,
or as a frequent remedy. A stinging
touch or two at usually rare intervals
will serve the purpose with ninety-nine
dogs out of any hundred.

And finally, never under any circum-
stances punish a dog who does not de-
serve it, and knows that he deserves.
No matter how much his act may have
exasperated you, it is sheer cruelty to
chastise him unless he fully realizes
that he has done wrong and knows what
the punishment is for.

ROBERT S. LEMMON.

The Romance of Scents

(Continued from page 28)

filing is drawn swiftly to the magnet.

The following evening, just before
the time for unloosing the waves of
perfume, if we gently dislodge the root
fingers of this same plant, and carry it
beyond the zone of influence of its fel-
lows' perfume, we can detect no odour
from it, either before or after dusk.
Chary of every particle of cellular en-
ergy which might be conserved for the
swift growth and ripening of coming
seeds, the flower has shut down its
tiny still, and turned nectar-malt into
other tissues.

The moth accomplished its work last

evening, the wonderful reciprocity be-
tween plant and insect is a thing of the
past. The price paid by means of ad-
vertisement of far-flung odour, was a
draught of home-brewed honey; the
inestimable value received was the
transferring of a few minute grains of
pollen from one blossom to another, a
marriage by proxy which achieved
actual continuation of the race of white
mangrove orchids.

Strengthened by its quaff of nectar,
the moth flew away in search of a
mate, and the romance of odour was
complete.

M arch, 1922

FOR THE SUN PORCH

Here-and-there about the house, — charming pieces
of Willow furniture will brighten the effect with
its delicate tints and brilliant cretonnes.

Everlast Willow Furniture is not only attractive in
design but delightfully comfortable and "lasts a
lifetime" —

Everlast Furniture is so durable — because it is ex-
pertly designed and scientifically constructed. An
example of this is shown here.

Willow furniture conveys that air of
correctness to this cheerful porch.

Note This Scientific
Construction

It re-inforces the aeat,
the legs and the sides.
It gives the furniture
durability far exceeding
requirements. It is so
unique that patents have
been applied for to pro-
tect it. It is to be found
solely in Everlast Willow
Furniture.

Look for This Tag

It protects you against
inferior ••willow", "fibre"
and "reed" products. It
is U> be found solely on
Everlast Willow Fur-
niture.

Ask to see Everlast Willow Furniture. It is
on sale at the better Furniture and Depart-
ment Stores. You can tell it by the Red and
White Guarantee Tag.

Exclusive Manufacturers

UNITED STATES WILLOW FURNITURE CO.

HOBOKEN

NEW JERSEY

Beauty in design and finish, durability
of construction and authenticity of
style have earned for Elgin A. Simonds
Furniture a place in the most tastefully
furnished homes,

Whenever you wish help in arranging
your home furnishings our Department
of Interior Design gladly offers its ser-
vices. Write for our illustrated Booklet
"H" on furnishing your home.

"Beethoven,

could be heard by us today
playing his sonatas, what
would we not give to know the
master's own interpretations ?
Today, the works of compos-
ers are preserved exactly as
played by them; also the
works of the classicists as in-
terpreted by living masters.
For science has perfected ab-
solute pianistic reproduction
in the Apollo Reproducing
Piano.

54 POLIO

TMM MARK RCblSYtftlP

Reproducing

Without personal manipulation, the
Apollo reproduces the exact interpreta-
tion of the artist in every detail of tone,
phrasing, accent and pedaling.

Catalogs on Request

Catalogs illustrating the various Apollo pianos,
together with the name of nearest dealer where
you may hear the Apollo, will be sent you on
request, without obligation.

THE APOLLO PIANO COMPANY

DE KALB, ILL.

New York Branch, 120 W. 42nd St., New York, N. Y.
Pacific Coast Branch, 985 Market St., San Francisco, Cal.

The Apollo Piano Company, De Kalb, Illinois (1423)
Without obligation, send me your Apollo catalogs
as checked below :

D Grand Reproducing Piano

D Upright Reproducing Piano

D Foot Pedal Player Piano

C] Installation of Reproducing Action in My Piano

CD Full size Grand Piano without Reproducing Mechanism

D Baby Grand Piano without Reproducing Mechanism

n Upright Piano without Reproducing Mechanism

Name

Address

My musical instrument dealer's name.

House & Garden

If You Are Going to Build

(Continued from page 42)

Kbferproof Cement

Composition floor coverina

^ - laid on Concrete -Base £- £aid on Wood Base

mind your rugs and furniture. For the birch, with certain kinds of pine, well

greatest number of small and medium selected, dried and laid,

houses in this country, wood floors are The study of woods, hard and soft,

most suitable. Our American homes are the immense variety here in our Own

apt to be luxurious even when quite country, their endless texture and colour

small, and through the centuries wood would make a book in itself. Of course,

has proved to be convenient, economi- if you can get wood grown in your own

cal, yet capable of quiet elegance; also, locality, properly seasoned, that is the

a wood floor furnishes a rare oppor- economical thing to do, but not always

tunity, if well selected, of dismaying easy. The chances are that when you

rugs to good advantage, another reason start to build, you will order your

why you must regard your floor sur- woodwork and floors from a manufac-

face as a background.

turer who is prepared to fill your order

It is, under some circumstances, an exactly, and to do this of course you

economy to have woodwork, trim and will study your shelf of catalogs very

floors all of one kind of wood, or at carefully.

least to have the first story done this If you are interested in woods, and

way, but if you are using very expensive you will be when you build, you will

wood for your doors and windows such enjoy a few important facts about them

as Circassian walnut, East Indian ebony, by John H. Kirby, President, The Na-

Cuban mahogany, teak or rosewood, tional Lumber Manufacturers' Associa-

you will not use the same for your tion.

floors, or if you are employing the softer "Wood is very strong for its weight,
woods for windows and doors such as compared with other structural mate-
cedar, cypress, poplar, redwood, spruce, rials. The average weight of the wood
hemlock, larch, again you would want ordinarily used is some thirty pounds

your floors, in fact you
would have to have
them, of a more endur-
ing wood.

There are a great va-
riety of the hardwoods,
interesting in texture
with a capacity for de-
lightful colour as for in-
stance, ash, cherry, elm,
hickory, butternut, lo-
cust, but when it comes
to floor-m a k i n g , we
usually settle down to
oak, maple, beech or

Group; of fm Oak sfr/pi (f%') divided ty
'/i' j/npr of 'Jlaple -soaked in [amp btafk.

per cubic foot; that of
iron and steel is fourteen
or fifteen times as much.
This is a great advantage
in handling. A bar of
hickory greatly surpasses
in tensile strength a bar
of steel of the same
weight and length. Simi-
larly, a block of hickory
or long leaf pine will
sustain a much greater
weight in compression
than a block of wrought
(Continued on page 78)

s finished floor
oor

Double (wooden) floor -Jedbn she/mm amcecJed naJlina

(ross-Jection J&0nsfoffM. — ^ _?..„ ..

floor r'oists to present ffiemfrom ftv/sf/nff
•^ bucUina j/deirise _/

between,
and

March, 1922

DANERSK
FURNITURE

The perfect medium

for achieving

individuality at a

modest cost

REMEMBER that in Danersk Furniture you may choose not
only the pieces that appeal to you for a certain room, but
you may also have them finished in special color scheme without
added charge. Through the effective use of color in furniture
complete individuality can be achieved at modest cost.

For example, the Holbrook Group illustrated above ! Body
color, soft French grey ! Mouldings of rich cream color with
narrow lines of mauve on either side ! A charming decorative
theme in self tones of grey and ivory handled with the tech-
nique of sculptured modelling and shadows verging on the

mauve! An appropriate block printed fabric for the windows,
and your color scheme is complete.

Whether your needs are for a choice dining room group of
mahogany and satinwood ; an informal breakfast room, gayly
decorated to go with your fabrics ; or a selection of rare Early
American pieces for bedroom, living room or dining room, done
in the mellow amber tones of old wood — our plan enables you
with the least cost and effort to select the individual pieces
that appeal to you most and assemble them in the spirit of a
collector.

ERSKINE-DANFORTH CORPORATION

2 West 47th Street, New York 315 North Michigan Ave., Chicago

Send for Early American Brochure C-3.

We also have a large number
of stock grilles in Decorative
Metal. Or will gladly make
them from special designs.

Turning a Shelf
Into a Radiator Enclosure

IN an old English Tudor house, a shelf was put
over the top of a radiator, in an attempt to
somewhat reduce its objectionable obtrusiveness.

An architect friend subsequently seeing it, sug-
gested an enclosure of wood, combined with one
of our Decorative Metal grilles, gaining a rather
unique result in direct harmony with the balance
of the room.

The effect was so satisfactory that the same treat-
ment was carried throughout all the rooms in the
house. Anticipating your question — no, the use
of grilles as we recommend them, does not reduce
the heating efficiency.

We have a very readable little booklet which goes
into these matters thoroughly.

Will gladly send you a copy.

TUTTLE & BAILEY MFG Co.

2 West 45th St. New York

'>^#^gj&£!g^^

A beautiful, practical cover
for your radiators

UNSIGHTLY RADIATORS need no longer be the
discordant note in otherwise beautiful homes.
They can be covered in a manner that will convert
them into attractive articles of furniture.

The Ja-Nar is an exquisitely finished, scien-
tifically designed radiator cabinet that performs
these three important functions :

It beautifies the radiators

It protects wall coverings and draperies

It gives greater heating comfort

You know how quickly the walls, hangings and even
the ceilings over exposed radiators become soiled. This
cannot happen with the Ja-Nar, as all the heat is thrown
forward into the room instead of upward. The air is
warmed more uniformly than with exposed radiators.

Each Ja-Nar is built of pressed steel, finished to match
your woodwork and lined with heat insulating material.
The top may be used for flower bowls or other objects
and furniture may be placed beside it without fear of
warping. Low radiators can be made into cozy window
seats.

You will be surprised at the moderate cost of equip-
ping your house or apartment with Ja-Nars. Write for
folder containing full particulars of their many unique
features. It will be sent without charge to any person
interested in beautiful home surroundings. Address de-
partment S.

THE FULTON COMPANY, Knoxville, Tenn.

Manufacturers of Leakless Radiator Valves, Temperature Regulators,
Pressure Regulators and other SYLPH ON Specialties.

Automatic Temperature Control

For warm air heating, just place the Sylphon Regitherm on any
convenient wall in your residence and set the indicator, thereby in-
suring uniform temperature through its control of the dampers on
your furnace. This little instrument is entirely self-contained; there
is no electricity required, no clock work to wind or run down, and
it is absolutely silent in action. It can be used with any furnace or
boiler and even on systems where the steam is supplied from the
outside.

PRICE COMPLETE, $35

k Write for descriptive literature on the Sylphon Regitherm *

House & Garden

If You Are Going to Build

(Continued from page 76)

iron of the same height and weight. In-
deed, practically any piece of sound,
straight-grained, dry wood is stronger
than steel, weight for weight. More-
over, wood will sustain a far greater
distortion of shape than metal, without
suffering permanent injury; while, of
course, no such distortion can be sus-
tained by either concrete or clay prod-
ucts.

"Wood is a non-conductor of heat
and electricity, as compared with metal ;
and of moisture, as compared with ordi-
nary concrete and brick. These are
points for serious consideration in home-
building. They also explain why we
prefer to sit on wood seats, work at
wooden desks and eat at wooden
tables.

"Wood does not contract and expand
with changes of temperature, while its
tendency to shrink and swell with at-
mospheric conditions can be overcome
by proper seasoning and painting ; hence
wood can be made to 'stay where it is
put.' "

In the main, in our homes in this
country, we are finishing our doors and
windows and floors with native woods.
In spite of the fifty foreign varieties,
we are growing to respect the beauty of
durability and usefulness of our home
grown woods. We find that they suit
our types of houses, our American furni-
ture and fittings.

Oak Floors

The modern oak floor adds greatly to
the value of any home. Whether it is
from tradition or experience, we seem
to see in oak a certain dignity as though
it felt the responsibility of having an-
cestors in cathedrals and palaces ; a sim-
plicity too, as one having lived in the
cottages of the yeomanry. Oak has had
the respect of the world for so many
centuries that it has become a symbol of
strength and sturdiness. The Druids
actually worshipped it ; and it is still a
bit of a fetish with many architects and
builders. For our modern floors there
are mainly two kinds of oak in use,
white and red, with a difference only
in the tone. The best oak flooring is
made in two standard thicknesses and
several widths. For new floors in new
buildings it is 13/16" thick. For lay-
ing over old floors J-6" thick. An old
floor is strong enough already; what is
needed is surface, not strength. It
would be a needless expense to make it
full thickness; either kind will last so
long that, practically, you may say it
will never wear out. The widths made
in 3/fa" oak are 1}4" and 2". In the
13/16" flooring, the widths are \l/2" ', 2"
and 2J4". The use of these various
widths is a matter of personal prefer-
ence.

By looking at the diagrams with this
article, you will see that each piece of
flooring is tongued or grooved on both
sides and both ends. This is, of course,
to hold the flooring close and level and,
simple though it looks, the exact form
of tongue and groove that will go to-
gether easiest and hold longest has been
a matter for much experiment and
study.

With real ingenuity the all-oak floor-
ing is made just the least bit narrower
at the back than at the face. The re-
sult of this is that when tightly nailed
together the backs cannot hold the faces
apart, so no joints or "cracks" can show
in a well-laid oak floor.

The finest white oak for the inlaid
floors comes to us from Indiana, High-
lands, Kentucky, and certain sections
in Ohio. In the all-oak floors there are
different grades; quartered-sawed ; clear,
sap clear, and select. Plain-sawed;
clear, select plain, No. 1 common and
No. 2 common.

Among our native hardwoods, a num-

ber besides oak take very high rank as
permanent floor covering, maple for in-
stance, and beech and birch. These are
moderate in price compared to inlaid
patterns of wood, most are interesting
in texture and essentially durable. They
seem somehow to fit in charmingly with
what is called the "average American
home," and sometimes the very best
taste in the country is found in these
average homes.

Properly laid and dressed, treated
with reasonable care, birch, maple or
beech will last the lifetime of your
house. No one of these wood floors,
and the same is true of oak, should ever
be delivered until the house is absolutely
dry. Wood will absorb moisture in a
house which is in the process of drying,
that will ruin it as a floor covering. An
expert on the handling of floors in the
first stages of their development has
written the following important advice
to home-builders.

Laying Floors

"Occasionally the flooring is much
drier than the building and absorbs
moisture, which causes the strips to
swell before they are laid. When heat
is applied the surplus moisture is driven
off, the strips shrink, and cracks appear.

"Dry flooring laid in a damp building
will swell and cause "cupping" or
"buckling." The only remedy for a
cupped floor is to scrape it to a true
surface. It is almost impossible to drive
a buckled floor back into place, the
nails tending to support it in the posi-
tion into which it was forced. The al-
ternative is to make up the flooring in
relaying. Wait until the building is dry
and have a perfect floor.

"The proper time to lay maple, beech
or birch flooring is when the building,
including the plaster, is thoroughly dry
and right after the interior trim has
been installed and finished. If work
must be started before that time the
floor should be primed as soon as pos-
sible after it is put down. When the
primer is hard, cover the floor with
sized building paper. The primer will
keep out the dirt and also tend to pre-
vent the absorption of moisture. Dip-
ping the flooring strips in raw linseed
oil, heated as nearly as possible to the
boiling point, will safeguard them effect-
ively from moisture. Flooring so
treated may subsequently be waxed or
varnished. Dipped flooring has been
used with excellent results in reflooring
buildings in use. Three or four days
should be allowed to insure thorough
obsorption of the oil.

"If the trim is in place line up the first
course of strips flush with the face of
the mopboard, which must not extend
below the surface of the top floor. Do
not, under any circumstances, drive the
flooring tight against studding or walls.
Nail the first course directly through
that portion to be covered with the
quarter round or base shoe. Plan in ad-
vance to meet the situation where the
floor is continued into other rooms.
Thresholds are little used now and the
courses of flooring strips should run true
from one end to the other, regardless of
the number of rooms through which
they pass. Ordinarily the floor in the
center of the room is covered with rugs.
Select the choice strips for the sides and
ends which form the exposed portions
and which are always in view. Use a
block to drive the strips together or to
drive them endwise. Do not batter the
tongue, injure the matching, or mar the
surface."

The question of the proper nails to
use is very important indeed in laying
a hardwood floor. Look into catalogs
on flooring and study the nail question
before the builder puts down your floor.
(Continued on page 80)

March, 1922

if J

No. i/6/

Distinctive Crucet Daven-
port Lamp, 54" high in
Roman Gold and Slack
Itaiian Marble effect com-
plete w ith. 2 2 " Roman
Gold Cabinet made Shade.
Prices ranging from

$45. to $i 50.

Ctucet

Fine Crucet Lamps in many different
styles and sizes, which add distinction
to the most beautiful room, may be had
from the leading dealer in your city. .

Write for booklet "LOVELY LAMPS"

Crucet jfttanufacturtng Co,

292 Fifth Avenue

New York City

No. 1772

Exquisite Crucet Bridge
Lamp sS" high with ad-
justahle arm — in Roman
Gold and Black Italian
Marble effect. Complete
with 14" Micanite and
Silk Shade.

Prices from

$35. to $i 10.

R JACKSON HIGGS

Established Over Half a Century

Panelled Rooms Executed. Ati Example in Oak

AUTHENTIC ANTIQUES
ACCURATE REPRODUCTIONS

Furniture, excellent reproductions of
the best examples of the cabinet maker's
art of past centuries, together with
many small odd pieces of modern de-
sign suitable for Living Roorn or
Library are on view in our galleries.

FOR A SINGLE PIECE OF
RARE PERIOD FURNI-
TURE— OR A COMPLETE
ROOM — WE ARE PRE-
PARED TO FURNISH AU-
THENTIC EXAMPLES, OR
MAKE ACCURATE REPRO-
DUCTIONS OF THE BEST
QUALITY.

OR EXECUTE PERIOD
INTERIORS. PANELLING
OF ROOMS AND SUPPLY
FLOOR COVERINGS. HANG-
INGS, ETC.

Furniture Linens

Curtains Draperies

Department of Interior Dscoration

OUR COLLECTION IN-
CLUDES RARE SPECI-
MENS OF OLD ENGLISH
SILVER, CHINA, PORCE-
LAINS, LAMPS AND OTHER
OBJETS D'ART.

land 3 Vest 37th Street Newark

Inquiries by mail will

receice prompt attention

1 1 East 54th Street

MG Gibbon

_>*"or-

Satis faction

House & Garden

Have You Seen
the Window Screen

that

Rolls up like a Shade ?

In the Spring — no drudgery of replacing
screens, no repairing or repainting. Just
draw them down as you would a shade — in-
stantly ready for duty.

Tn the Fall — no need to put the screens away
to gather rust and dust. Just slide them up
as you would a shade — out of sight for the
Winter.

You can adjust the Hasting's Rolup screen easily with-
out cutting or marring your windows. When not in
use the screen disappears into an inconspicuous case
at the top of the window frame.

The Rolup cannot push
out at the sides. Metal
grips — a new patented
idea — sliding in narrow
slots, hold it tight to the
woodwork of the win-
dow. Blinds, awnings
and casements can thus
be easily adjusted.

The entire window is
covered with a fine,
transparent mesh, allow-
ing perfect ventilation
and vision at all times
without admitting the
smallest fly, mosquito
or other insect.

Made of the fa-
mo us M onel
Metal, the Rol-
up never rusts
cr corrodes in
any climate.

HASTING'S

'olu

SCREEN

Write to us and
ask for an esti-
mate. If you are
building, see
your architect
about Rolups.

THE ROLUP SCREEN COMPANY

410 East 32nd Street New York City

If You Are Going to Build

(Continued jrom page 78)

Be sure that they are driven in at an
angle of from 45° to 55°. The illus-
trations of this article will give you
some idea of the combination of the
floor and the nail. The reason that nail
holes never show in well-made floors
is that the strips are so designed that the
nails are driven at an angle through the
tongue. The top of each new strip thus
covers up the heads of the nails in the
strip nailed last before it. This is called
"blind nailing." The question of the
finish of the floor after it is completed,
and the care of it from week to week,
will be taken up in another article.

Although one does not inevitably
associate pine with a top-floor that is
left uncovered, there are nevertheless
certain quality-types of pine wood on
the market today which, though lower
priced than some of the hardwoods, are
exceptionally handsome, compact and
velvety in effect. These are not re-
garded as a substitute for hardwood, but
as an excellent reasonably priced floor.
They are manufactured from kiln-dried
stock, stored in dry sheds and shipped in
closed cars. There are two grades of
this pine, edged-grain and flat-grain ; the
former is considered more durable. One
valuable quality in pine floors is that
water in no way injures the surface.
They are particularly interesting, fin-
ished in light stains, yellow gray, and
yellow brown. The close grain often
makes any filler unnecessary. A pine
floor is especially interesting left its
natural colour treated only with shellac
and then rubbed dull to fit with furni-
ture in a light key. The floor and
woodwork of pine left white, is excep-
tionally attractive for a room done in
Greek style, or oiled it is interesting to
use with Colonial furniture.

Sub -Floors

Outside of the mere question of the
beauty of the wood and the fact that
it is properly cut and dried and grooved
(if it is to be laid in that fashion), part
of the success and permanence of your
floor must depend upon the kind of a
sub-floor that you put down. Many
people planning homes have never
heard of a sub-floor; they just decide
upon the kind of floor they want, hard-
wood or tile, marble or composition.
But when they read the specifications
they are going to find a long list of
materials essential for the foundation of
the floor. For this reason it would be
a good idea to have floor catalogs on
hand ; read them carefully while going
over the specifications and you will les-
sen the shock bound to come when you
hear all the expense and difficulties in-
volved in the sub-floor.

If you are putting down a hardwood
or a pine floor in a new house, the un-
der floor should be made of well sea-
soned, matched flooring laid diagonally.
If you use pine, hemlock, spruce, fir, or
any other soft wood the dimensions of
the sub-flooring should be 3/16" by
3J4" face. Nothing wider than 5%"
face should ever be used, and the nar-
rower face is the better in the long run,
because it will make a more even sub-
floor which will stand the varying
changes of atmosphere and tempera-
ture. Sometimes a thin hardwood floor-
ing, "factory grade," is used for a sub-
floor. If this is kiln-dried, matched on
both sides and end and steel-scraped, it
makes a tight, solid, non-vibrating floor.
If the top is to be laid directly on the
sub-floor with only a deadening felt be-
tween, make sure that all twisted, cut
or broken members of the sub-floor are
well nailed down. Where a special pro-

tection from cold or dampness is re-
quired, furring strips are used between
the floors.

If you are using a marble inlay or
tile floor, it should be bedded in cement,
which is supported by an under-floor of
reinforced concrete or hollow tile. Di-
rectly under the cement a furring strip
may be used, or just damp-proof build-
ing paper. A solid concrete floor should
be built up with reinforcing wire, or
it may be placed over a bed of 'hollow
tile. The old criticism that concrete
floors were cold and damp is entirely
met, it is said, by a sub-floor of hollow
tile.

Cork and Composition

As for cork and composition floors,
they are constantly coming into wider
use, not only for the practical sections
of the house, but for the halls, porches,
bathrooms and in some instances, en-
tire houses. Their popularity is un-
doubtedly due to their durability, firm-
ness, and above all resilience, that sense
of ease which a floor can give to the
tread of the foot, which does away with
so much fatigue and nerve strain. These
floors are non-absorbent and are of
course very easily kept clean. One firm
sends out composition tile only in in-
teresting tones of light and dark brown,
which when treated with oil have the
effect of a fine old wood floor. Others
supply every variety of brilliant or deli-
cate colours with borders to match.
These composition floors, as non-con-
ductors of heat and cold are extremely
comfortable floor coverings for bath-
rooms, bedrooms, and kitchens. With
them a variety of sub-floors may be
used, concrete, wood or metal, and over
the sub-floor the composition tile floor
is pressed down into a cement bed. If
a wood sub-floor is used a heavy felt
paper is spread over the wood, the tile
is cemented to the paper and nailed with
headless brads.

In addition to the fine plain shades
of composition floors which grow rich
with age, these tiles can be had in very
interesting colour combinations, also
white and black. They come in differ-
ent sizes and styles with borders to
match. Composition floorings that come
in colours and patterns especially de-
signed for different "periods" in decora-
tion, are one of the new developments
in floor-making. You can get an all-
over "carpet" effect, or "rugs," large and
small. It indeed seems a far cry from
the old, square-checked, shining oilcloth
to a composition inlay that is made in
imitation of Turkish prayer rugs, Pers-
ian royal carpets and the black of old
Italian marble floors — but such is the
Arabian nights tale we read in the rich-
ly illustrated floor catalogs of today.

A number of very clever decorators
in New York are getting unusual effects
in floors by the use of all-black com-
position tiles, or black and white. For
some years there has been quite a vogue
for black and white rooms with fine
splashes of colour in the draperies and
cushions. For such rooms nothing could
be more interesting, durable and unusual
than the above mentioned coverings.

How much our floors are a part of
the enjoyment of a house, we scarcely
realize until for some untoward reason
we are compelled to live where the
floors are damp or cold, inartistic, flam-
boyant or commonplace; then we dis-
cover that floors can offend or please
both eye and ear, can be a source of
artistic interest, a safeguard for health
or an aesthetic torture and a menace
to physical well-being.

March, 1922

FRENCH

Hand Made Furniture

ONE of the advantages which contributes
to the effectiveness of our work as in-
terior decorators is the co-operation of our
own factory in fashioning fine, hand made
furniture for special requirements. Our de-
signers and decorators will be pleased to
advise concerning interior arrangements.

Branded underneath every piece, this mark is a
guaranty (•/ Quality

WM. A. FRENCH & CO.

Interior Decorators — Makers of Fine Furniture

ff 7

90 Eighth St.

MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.

In this suite, our Walpolc, the designers have turned to a simple Jacobean
type, a "cottage" style found in the picturesque homes of rural England.
The pieces hare been slight l\ antiqued. In color and finish they resemble
Seventeenth century oak u'hich has received constant but careful use.

Cresca Delicacies

The

Hospitality

is concerned with the skillful selection
of a few dishes and their perfection;
profusion has given place to harmony.
EveryCresca creation is an inspiration
to the hostess or the chef seeking to
give highest expression to this art.

A great help is the booklet "Where
Epicurus Reigns" — sent on request.

Fine (jrocers Sell Cresca 'Products

Truffles

Mushroom Powder
Hearts of Palms
Goose Livers
Grape Vinegar
Marrons Glace1
Macedoines
Pat£ de Foies Gras
Petit Pois
Grenadine
Bar le Due
Bigarreaux
Olive Oil
Rosen Paprica
and others

CRESCA COMPANY, Inc., 364 Greenwich Street, NEW YORK

Forge, me.

hand forced

THADE MARK

The

W. Irving Knocker
No. 613

For ihe friend "just
crazy" over new home,
camp or bungalow, what
more fitting, unusual, and
withal more useful gift
than a piece of W. Irving
HAND FORGED HARDWARE

Lighting Fixtures
Bells Toasting Forks

Knockers Shoe Scrapers
Door Handles Lanterns
Fireplace Sets Stands

hardware.

The W. Irving Sconce
No. 1404

Write us or visit our shop

326-328 €a8t38»St Rew Yorb Gite

telephone rturray mil 8536. ^

House & Garden

Secure your copy of the book

'FISWOR-FRAGRANCE

EA FOOD comes from
the deeps clear and
cold. It has a natural
affinity for an atmos-
phere chilling as . a
wintry wave.

If4you relish Chinook
Salmon, rainbow trout
or savory whitefish, you
should own a Jewett
Solid Porcelain Refrig-
erator because it re-
tains the full flavor of
its contents.

The Jewett Solid Por-
celain Refrigerator is
favored by the leading purveyors of food as
well as their patrons. The Jewetts have been
building refrigerators for three quarters of a
century.

The booklet, " Flavor and Fragrance," tells you
how the solid, seamless, jointless, porcelain
compartments of the Jewett (an inch and one-
quarter thick) preserves food quality. The
booklet is mailed on request.

THE JEWETT REFRIGERATOR CO.

Established 1849
123 Chandler Street BUFFALO, N. Y.

Canadian Jewett Refrigerator Co., Ltd.
BRIDGEBURG, ONT.

A profusion of graceful blossoms, the once brilliant hues antiqued to

a mellow softness, makes the ideal over-door decoration. Arthur

Lasslow was the artist

Over-Mantel and Door Decorations

THE golden age of wall decoration
was probably the 15th Century in
Italy. Floors, ceilings as well as
walls were ablaze with color and art-
ists vied with one another in creating
new and unusual designs for the in-
teriors of great palaces. Walls were
rich in color. Painted panels and deco-
rative placques of all kinds adorned the
space over mantels and doors and more
often, gorgeous frescoes and gilding cov-
ered the entire wall space. It was an
age of unrivalled splendor in architec-
ture, painting and sculpture — as well as
decoration — and walls magnificent in
color and design were a logical inter-
pretation of the spirit of the times. The
Farnese palace is today a brilliant
example of that great era when back-
ground dominated everything else in
decoration.

France, through the influence of Italy,
began using painted wall decoration as
early as Louis XII. Crude at first, it
gained in opulence until in the palace
of the Luxembourg and at Versailles
and Fontainebleau we find decorated
walls of unmatched magnificence both
as to color and design.

Interiors of this kind belong to an-
other age, an era of ornamental splendor
and are quite out of keeping with the

ideals and tastes of this country. The
recent craze for early American deco-
ration— those sturdy interiors of our
forefathers with their plain plaster walls
and general air of austerity — is a far
cry from the painted and gilded in-
teriors prevalent in the time of Louis
XV. This revival of an art notable for
its extreme simplicity does not neces-
sarily mean that we are forever ad-
dicted to plain walls and curly maple
furniture but it is an indication of an
elemental desire for a certain simplicity
in decoration, a mental state that desires
effects far removed from the gorgeous
interiors of the Renaissance.

Wall decoration must be handled with
consummate art or else the effect is apt
to be over-loaded and heavy. An all-
over design tends to lessen the apparent
size of a room and should only be car-
ried out in interiors of noble proportions
where the rest of the furnishings are
subdued in both color and design. It
all comes down to the question of
whether walls are to be considered as
background merely or as an important
part of the decorating scheme. The
former calls for plain neutral toned
spaces, either papered or paneled with
all the interest centering on the design
(Continued on page 108)

The interesting over-mantel decoration in the room above
is a has relief done by Dorothea Litzinger in the same
cement that covers the walls. An urn oj colourful flow-
ers contrasts pleasingly with the apricot tinted walls

March, 1922

Adherence to a period style seldom achieves a room
possessing real charm. It is rather the well consid-
ered disposition of harmonious elements, the spar-
ing use of color accents, and the subtle expression
of personality, that give us enduring pleasure.

A QUAIN7 ENGLISH LANTERN. THAT IS HAND MADE

AND HAS MICA PANELS. CAN BE HAD INEXPENSIVELY

WITH' A HANGER FOR SIDE WALL OR CEILING.

GASSIDY COMPANY

INCORPORATED

"Designers and ^Manufacturers of Lighting Fixtures

101 PARK AVENUE AT FORTIETH STREET

NEW YORK CITY

Tbfrhttrifer

•"*VJ»

you. are
invited to
Visit Try

-New

Choice Reproductions

EARLY ENGLISH AND COLONIAL

MANTELPIECES

FIREPLACE EQUIPMENT

HAND WROUGHT DECORATIVE METAL WORK

House & Garden

I Make $1 w°±f $3 j

Every Rose Lover Will Take
Advantage of This Offer

Every Rose lover intends to get at least $2.00
worth of Roses this Spring. Buy them through
the American Rose Society and your $3.00
membership in that great organization will
cost you only $i, provided your application is
received before May i, 1922.

This is no Puzzle

It is perfectly clear and easy. You begin by
sending $3.00 to The American Rose Society,
John C. Wister, Secretary, 606 Finance Build-
ing, Desk H, Philadelphia, Penna. You will
get promptly the

A. R. S. $2.00 Rose Coupon

This coupon will be accepted as cash by several of
America's foremost rose-growers in payment for
$2.00 worth of Rose bushes (or other plants), your
own choice, to be selected from their 1922 catalogues.

For the remaining $1.00 Mr. Wister, Sec'y, will send
to you a $3.00 membership in A. R. S. with all the
privileges below :

Full Membership Privileges $3.00

which for new members joining before May 1.
1922, will include

The American Rose Annual for 1922

A splendidly illustrated book of 200 pages, giving
interesting stories of rose progress and the
achievements of American amateur rose growers.
This book is supplied to members only. The 1922
issue will be ready about March 1st.

The Members Handbook

supplements the Annual with much valuable in-
formation about Roses, and gives a complete list
of members so you can find rose-lovers in your
neighborhood. Ready about September 1, 1922.

A Card of Membership

admitting you free to all rose shows in which

the Society formally takes part. fj

Advice From Research Committee

Members can secure advice from a committee of
Rose experts about varieties, cultivation, insects,
diseases, habits, color, and other characteristics
of all known Roses.

All of these will be given to new members who join
before May 1, 1922. Send your name, address and
check for $3.00 payable and directed to

The American Rose Society

JOHN C. WISTER, Secretary
606 Finance Building, Desk H, Philadelphia, Pa.

The coupon good fcr $2.00 worth of Rose bushes {or other plants)
and the Membership Card will be sent to you at once. The Rose
Annual and the Handbook will be forwarded as soon as published.

WHEN WILL THEY COME UP?

(Continued from page 35)
GERMINATION OF PERENNIAL SEEDS

BOTANICAL NAME

COMMON NAME

Achillea Ptarmica fl.pl The Pearl

Aconitum napellus Monks Hood

Adonis amurensis Bird's Eye

Allysum sajcatile Basket of Gold....

Althica Hollyhock

Anchltsa Italica Bugloss

Anemone Windflower

Anthemis Chamomile

Antlicricitm St. Bernard's Lily.

Aquilegia Columbine

A rabis Rock Cress

Armeria- Sea Pink

Aster Asters

Auricula primula Primula

Baptisia australis False Indigo

Bellis perennis English Daisy ....

Bocconio, cordata Plume Poppy

Bnphthallim Ox Eye

Callirrhoe Poppy Mallow ....

Campanula carpatica Hart-bell

Campanula Medium Canterbury Bell . . .

Campa-nula pcrsicifolia Peach Bell

Campanula pyrainidalis Chimney Bell

Catananche Ctcrulea Everlasting

Ccntuurea Montana Cornflower

Centranthus Valerian

Cephalaria tartarica Round head

Cerastium Chickweed

Chciranthus Chciri Wallflower

Chelone Shell-flower

Chrysanthemum Icucanthcmum Shasta Daisy

Cimicifuga Snake-root

Coreopsis Tick-seed

Delphinium chinense Larkspur

Delphinium hybrids Larkspur

Dianthus barbatus Sweet William ...

Dianthus deltoides Maiden Pink

Dictamnus Gas Plant

Digitalis Foxglove

Eringium Sea Holly

Erysimum Hedge Mustard . . . .

Funkia Plantain Lily

Gaillardia grandiftora Blanket Flower . . .

Galega Goat's Rue

Galcuni Lady's Bedstraw ...

Geranium sangiiineum Crane's Bill

Geum '. Avens

Gi'lenia Bowman's Root ....

Gypsophilla paniculata Baby's Breath . . . .

Heteniuni Sneezewort

Helianthemum Sun Rose

Heliopsis Sunflower

Helleborus Christmas Rose

Hepatica Liver Leaf

Hesperis Sweet Rocket

Heiicliera Coral Bells

Hibiscus Giant Mallow

Hicracium Hawkweed

Hyssop Hyssop

Iberis sempen-ircns Candytuft

Incanillea Hardy Gloxinia

Iris Kaempferi Japanese Iris

Lathyi-iis Everlasting Pea ...

Lai'cndula rcra '. 'Lavender

Lepachys pinnata Thick-scale

Liatris Blazing Star

Linitm perennc Flax

Lobelia cardinatis Cardinal Flower . . .

Liipinus polyphyllus Lupin

Lychnis Chalccdonica Campion

Lythrum roscum superblim Rose Loosestrife ..

Malva Mallow

Mairicaria Mater

Mcrtensia : Blue Bells

Myosotis Forget-me-not

Kepeta . . . . Catnip

Nicrembcrgia Cup Flower

Oenothera Evening Primrose . .

Origanum Wild Marjoram . . .

Piconia Peony

Paparer Poppy

Pardanthus Blackberry Lily . . .

Pentstemon Beard Tongue

Phlox dccussata Phlox

Physalis Ground Cherry . . .

Physastegia Virginica False Dragon Head.

Platycodon Balloon Flower . . .

Polemonium Jacob's Ladder . . . .

Polvgonum Knot Weed

Poientilla Cinquef oil

Primula officinalis Cowslip

Pyrethrum hybridum Persian Daisy

Pyrcthrum itliginosum Giant Daisy

Rudbeckia Coneflower

Ruta Rue

Salvia asurea Sage

Saponaria Soap Wort

Scabiosa caucasica Blue Bonnet

Sedum Stone Crop

Sidalcea Indian Mallow

Silene Catchfly

Silphium Compass Plant ....

Statice latifolia Sea Lavender

Stokesia cyanea Stoke's Aster

Thalictrum Meadow Rue

Tritoma Red Hot Poker

Trollius Globe Flower

Tunica saxifraga Goat Flower

Valeriana Valerian

Veronica Speedwell

Viola cornuta Violets

AVERAGE AVERAGE
DURATION PERIOD OF
OF LIFE GERMINATION
YEARS DAYS

5
4
3
2

3-4
3
3
3
2

3-5

3-4

2-3

2-3
3-4
3-4
1-2
2-3
2-3
4

3-4
4
4
3
3

2-3

3-4

2-3
3
2

3-4

2-3

Many

2-3

1-2

Many
4-5
2-3
1-2
2-3
2-4
2-3
4

3-4
3-4
2-3
1-2
2-3
2-3
2-3
2-3
2-3
2-3
2-3
1-2
2-3
3-4
2-3
2-3
2

3-4
3-4
3-4
2-3
2

2-3
2-3
1-2
1-2
2-3
2-3
3-4
1

3-5
3-4
2-3
2-3
3

3-4
2

3-4
2-3
3-4
2-3
2-3
2-3
3-4
2-3
2-3
3-4
2-3
2-3
2-3
2

2-3
2-3
2-3
1-2
2-3
2-3
2-3
3-4
3-4
2-3
2-3

12- 15

160-185

150-175

5- 8

12- 15

25- 30

20- 25

15- 20

20- 30

15- 20

50- 60

40- 50

8- 10

20- 25

15- 20

12- 15

15- 20

12- 15

15- 20

12- 15

15- 18

12- 15

30- 40

50- 60

10- 12

25- 30

18- 20

25- 30

10- 12

25- 30

20- 25

10- 12

20- 25

150-180

10- 15

130-150

120-150

130-150

15- 20

20- 30

15- 20

20- 25

15- 18

20- 25

15- 20

10- 12

30- 40

15- 20

90-120

30- 40

12- 15

15- 20

8- 10

20- 25

12- 15

20- 25

25- 30

40- SO

25- 30

20- 25

15- 20

50- 60

25- 30

10- 12

25- 30

20- 25

12- 15

10- 15

20- 25

30- 40

150-180

10- 12

650-750

15- 20

20- 25

60- 80

160-180

18- 20

8- 10

12- 15

150-180

30- 40

20- 25

50- 60

15- 20

18- 20

15- 18

25- 30

18- 25

25- 30

20- 30

20- 25

25- 30

18- 25

50- 60

25- 30

20- 25

30- 60

25- 30

x Id

10- 15

25- 30

8- 10

March, 1922

Flowering Dogwood

White. (Cornus Florida) and Red (Cornui
Florida Rutraj. Generally considered ky
expert gardeners and other flower lovers to be
among the test shrubs for landscape planting.
Useful as single specimens, in massing, or in
combination with other shrubs. Will grow in
full sun or in partial shade. Hardy otter
practically all the United States. Trees 3
to 4 feel high. Leaoes bright green, turning
to brilliant scarlet in fall. Flowers white and
pinl(. Indispensable for lawn or landscape.
'Che bright red berries which appear in Sep-
tember and last unlit late in the winter enhance
the beauty of these picturesque trees and at-
tract various species of birds.

From Gardens Behind The Sun

Floating above green rolling lawns or edging the
hem of the woodlands, clouds of Dogwood, pink
and white, seem to have drifted down to earth
from gardens behind the sun. No flowering tree
so charms the eye or appeals more to the imagi-
nation. Dogwood and Spring are refreshing mem-
ories that dwell deep in the eyes of all who have
ever beheld the large white petals, often diffused
with pink, when glowing life and color return once
more to the world.

For Your Own Lawn

It is a simple matter for you to have Flowering
Dogwood, red (Cornus Florida Rubra) or white
(Cornus Florida), floating and blooming across
your lawn. By landscape planters they are con-
sidered the most picturesque and practical of
flowering shrubs.

Send Your Order Now

to the Elliott Nursery, one of the oldest, most
responsible, and respected houses of its kind in the
country, and you will be sure of receiving the
finest Dogwood specimens to be obtained. Full
instructions regarding the planting and tending
of the shrubs accompany every shipment. Thirty
years of experience stand as a pledge of satis-
faction. Price, White Dogwood, $1.50 each.
Pink Dogwood, $2.50 each.

Our Catalogue

Our free catalogue is really a fascinating text-
book on the cultivation of hardy plants, flowers,
evergreens, and other shrubs. If you will mail us
the coupon we shall send you the book at once.

ELLIOTT NURSERYCO.

511 Magee Bldg. Pittsburgh, Pa.

ELLIOTT NURSERY CO.,

511 Magee Bldg., Pittsburgh, Pa.

Kindly send me your free catalogue of popular
favorites, trees, shrubs, and hardy plants.

Name

Street and Number
or R.D.-

City-

State

House & Garden

These Will Complete
Your 1922 Garden

'""pOTTY'S Quality Plants have been long and favorably
A known among amateur and professional gardeners, both
at home and abroad.

As many of our friends ask for suggestions of what to plant
in their gardens, and a varied list of plants is most acceptable,
we make the following special offer to "House & Garden"
readers.

"House C& Garden" Offer

25 Assorted Hardy Chrysanthemums, in-
cluding all types, Early Flowering;

Single and Pompons $3.00

6 Assorted Rose plants, six varieties 6.00

12 Assorted Iris plants 3.00

12 Assorted Hardy Carnation plants, cut

flower varieties 3.50

12 Heliotrope, new variety "Royal Fra-
grance" 2.50

10 Mignon Dahlias, assorted colors 2.50

12 Assorted Dahlia bulbs, newer sorts 3.00

20 Gladioli bulbs 3.00

12 clumps Delphiniums, assorted shades of

blue 5.00

Total $31.50

In the above collection, Chrysanthemums, Roses, Iris, Carna-
tions and Delphiniums are entirely hardy and can be carried
over from year to year with a slight protection of leaves.

The Mignon Dahlias, Assorted Dahlias and Gladioli bulbs can
be lifted in the fall and stored in a root cellar or cool place and
transplanted the following spring.

We will send the above collection at the

proper time for outdoor planting for

or half the collection for $15.00

if "House & Garden" is mentioned when ordering.

If individual items offered above are desired they may be
procured at the .prices quoted.

Write for our 100 page
catalogue of Floral Novelties!

CHARLES H. TOTTY COMPANY

Madison,

Where Practical Gardening May Be Learned

(Continued from page 54)

done outside of the college year before a
diploma may be secured. An additional
course is offered for forestry, and there
is a special two-year course for stu-
dents who are not High School gradu-
ates. The extension work of the State
University is done by these students,
systems of boulevards, parks and squares
being planted by them. Students are
sent out to surrounding cities for ideas
and inspiration and are taught that it
is essential to realize that horticulture
is an art closely related to architecture
and painting.

A graduate of the Missouri Botanical
Garden at St. Louis, who has made a
success in professional horticulture, des-
cribes this school as offering an unusu-
ally good opportunity to learn the
practical end of the work. The stu-
dents help in all the greenhouse and
outdoor work, and the instructors are
all practical gardeners.

The equipment of the Garden is es-
pecially good. It was given to the
public by Mr. Henry Shaw, a citizen
of St. Louis, in 1860 and was main-
tained under his personal direction until
his death, since which time, under pro-
vision of his will, it has passed into the
hands of the board of trustees.

The Garden receives no income other
than funds left by its founder. Of its
125 acres, 75 are open to the public.
The students have opportunity to study
11,000 species of plants in the Garden
and its various houses, which include
a palm house containing 150 species of
palms, among which are various com-

mercially important varieties, such as
the date, coconut, sugar, Panama hat
and rattan palms.

A valuable collection in the Economic
House includes rubber, oils, perfumes,
fiber, spices, drugs, coffee, tea, pepper
and such useful plants. There is a fern
house containing some rare specimens,
a succulent house, a floral display house,
an aroid house, a tropical fruit house,
a. forced fruit house and orchid grow-
ing houses.

There are water, rose, perennial and
formal gardens, and it will be seen at
once that this school is a most valuable
one. Its collection is superb, its op-
portunity for practical work unlimited.
It is difficult for students of the Mis-
sissippi Valley to choose between this
school and Ames, but the very high
standing of the latter in the department
of landscape architecture attracts those
who wish this branch of the work,
while those seeking the study of thou-
sands of rare imported plants enter
the Missouri Botanical Garden.

It is impossible to describe all of the
excellent horticultural schools of the
United States within the confines of
one article. The object of this sketch
is to show what is being done in vari-
ous parts of the country, and to at-
tract the attention of those interested
in gardening to the wonderful advan-
tages offered for its study. Surely it
is the coming profession for thousands,
of people not suited to indoor life,
and what could be more useful or
beautiful for America?

The Rose In America Today

(Continued from page 44)

(Mention House & Garden)

IF '

New Jersey

not want a tin garden, always in bloom,
always alike.

But what has this to do with the
up-to-dateness of the rose in America?
Just this: we are coming to glory in
the June burst of roses, and to value
them properly for their great gift to
us then. We see how lovely are the
single roses, the hardy climbers of
multiflora-cluster and of Wichuraiana-
individual-flower form. We know and
cherish the "wild" or native roses, of
America and of Asia, as never before.
We are coming to accept and to love
the rose as an item in the shrub border,
to stand there with the spireas and the
mock-oranges, to give us one glory of
bloom as they do — but a greater glory !
— and then to retire into the greenery,
gathering strength for next year's finer
effort.

True, we have and love the "ever-
blooming" roses which too often prove
either neverblooming, or with but an
occasional tantalizing flower to keep
hope alive. We struggle with these in
the necessary beds which our better
taste deprecates, enduring their never
graceful form and their too frequent
bare and leggy stems, for the sake of
the rich loveliness, the delightful fra-
grance of the blooms when they come.
We fight the mildew and the black-
spot, we worry with the suckers from
the stock of the poor growth of our
pets on their own roots, because we do
get a Chateau de Clos Vougeot of dusky
red beauty, an occasional Willowmere
or Los Angeles with tints of fire, a
delightful Jonkheer J. L. Mock in in-
describable depths of pink.

Meanwhile, and not at all neglecting
these mostly foreign friends of finicky
habits, we have an occasional gem of
proper American hardiness and vigor
to cheer us. It has taken us a dozen
years to appreciate the value of Radi-
ance, which came into commerce in
1908, and is the production of John
Cook, who has bred roses in Baltimore

for threescore years. We are welcoming
Red Radiance, its distinct "sport." We
have adopted Gruss an Teplitz and
Ecarlate as our own, despite their for-
eign origin, because they give us roses
all summer and fall without coddling.

Returns were asked from all America
in 1920 on the questions, "What are
your favorite roses, and why?" and the
answers mentioned 261 varieties. The
replies tabulated by district and re-
ported in the 1920 American Rose An-
nual, may be here summarized from
page 118 of that volume:

"In the New England States, Mrs.
Aaron Ward is the most popular var-
iety, with Duchess of Wellington a
close second, and Killarney, Ophelia,
Pharisaer, and Willowmere third. In,
the Middle States Ophelia leads, with
Los Angeles second, and Duchess of
Wellington, Lady Alice Stanley, Mrs.
Aaron Ward, and Radiance third.
Ophelia also retains its supremacy in
the Southern States, with Radiance sec-
ond and Laurent Carle third. Mme.
Edouard Herriot and Los Angeles are
equally popular in the Western States,
with Mme. Melanie Soupert second and
Mme. Abel Chatenay and General Mac-
Arthur third. The Central States give
Mrs. Aaron Ward first place, Jonk-
heer J. L. Mock second, and Ophelia
third."

Meanwhile we have begun to appre-
ciate the value of the roses that grow
almost anywhere, do not need much
protection or any coddling, and that
may be used as good-looking shrubs
in the hardy border, as uniquely beauti-
ful pillars anywhere in the garden, and
as climbers over a trellis or the door-
way, over a fence or the rock-pile.
When I began to look at roses with
understanding nearly fifty years ago,
the only climbing roses accessible were
Baltimore Belle, with its tight-rolled
little pinkish white buds, and Prairie
Queen, a half-wild dull crimson. Now
(Continued on bage 88)

March, 1922

Your Seedsman's Reputation

and the

Quality It Ensures

LLJL of the seeds that you
purchase are bought
entirely upon the reputation
of the seller. You cannot
judge their quality yourself
as you do with so many of
the other commodities you
buy. Not even the most
thoroughly trained seedsman or horticultur-
ist can give a satisfactory opinion upon their
quality without exhaustive tests.

Thus the wise and experienced buyer investi-
gates first the reputation of his seedsman. It
is his best, in fact, his only assurance.

The business of Peter Henderson & Company
was established in 1847 and has been built to
its present proportions by the most careful
attention to quality. The third generation of
Hendersons are in charge to-day and there is
something more than just a plain business

relationship existing between themselves,
their employees and their customers.

When you buy Henderson's seeds you buy 76
years of experience ; you buy the prestige and
reputation of years of successful seed raising
and selling; you buy seeds that have behind
them the sentiment brought out by many
years of careful conscientious attention to our
customers and their wants.

The very smallest part of your farm and
garden costs is represented by the seeds, but
they are by far the most important item. —
Henderson's Seeds are Tested Seeds.

"Everything for the Garden" is the title of
our annual catalogue. It is really a book of
176 pages, replete with garden information,
16 color plates, and over a thousand half
tones, direct from photographs, showing
actual results without exaggeration.

Special Introductory Offer

To demonstrate the superiority of Henderson's Tested Seeds, we have made up a Hender-
son Collection, consisting of one packet each of the following six great specialties:

Ponderosa Tomato
Big Boston Lettuce
White Tipped Scarlet Radish

Henderson's Invincible Asters
Henderson's Brilliant Mixture Poppies
Spencer Mammoth Waved Sweet Peas

In order to obtain the largest possible distribution for our annual catalogue, "Everything
for the Garden," we make the following unusual offer: Mail us lOc and we will send
you the catalogue, together with this remarkable "Henderson's Specialty Collection."

Every Empty Envelope Counts as Cash

This collection is enclosed in a coupon envelope
which, when emptied and returned, will be accepted
as a 25c cash payment on any order for seeds, plants
or bulbs amounting to one dollar, or over.

Peter Henderson & Co.

35-37 Cortlandt Street New York City

Peter Henderson & Co.

35-37 Cortlandt St., New York City

I enclose herewith lOc for which send catalogue and
"Henderson's Specialty Collection," with complete cul-
tural directions as advertised in House & Garden,

Do You Know This Secret ?

DO you know how to avoid the usual disappointment
of a poor Pea crop after mid-July? It's easy to
get big crops of luscious juicy peas "falling right over
one another," in steady succession even tip to late
August — if you learn this secret:

Instead of planting at 2-or-3-week intervals, get the follow-
ing picked varieties and plant all at once in early Spring, the
moment the ground can be worked. This will allow a good
root system to develop before hot weather comes. The varie-
ties will bear in the order shown below (and pictured above),
beginning about June 20th and keeping up a steady succession
of big mouth-watering crops until late August.

1. Settling's Pedigree Extra-Early

2l/i feet. The earliest Pea grown ;
large, well-filled pods.

2. Gradus, or Prosperity

3 feet. An early, fine wrinkled
Pea of delicious flavor.

3. Sutton's Excelsior

1 J/2 feet. The most productive of
dwarf medium-early wrinkled
Peas. Very sweet.

4. Dwarf Champion

2T/i feet. An enormous cropper.
Broad pods, very sweet Peas.

5. Improved Telephone

5 feet. Enormous pods, filled with
Peas of the finest quality.

6. Heroine

4 feet. Pods are large, deep green,
somewhat curved; tender Peas of
finest quality.

Special

Off<

er!

l/i lb. each of all 6 varieties, ~j

•3 Ibs. in all . .$1.75 ] DdamJ FREE

1 lb. each of all 6 varieties

6 Ibs. in all

2 Ibs. each of all 6 varieties.

12 Ibs. in all $5.00

I ""'*'" m ""'« "•

r N.Y.; be

•

.; beyond, add

cenl, ft, lh_ }ar
palate.

Give yourself a real treat ! Never mind how small

your garden is — you have plenty of room for peas.

Send in your order to-day!

The Flower Novelties of 1922!

You must have them in your garden!

1. Settling's Wonderful New Snap-
dragon "Indian Summer." — A lovely
rich, velvety copper color, indescrib-
ably beautiful. Pkt. $1.00.

2. The Wonderful Blue Lace
Flower. — Finely laced flowers of an
exquisite light blue shade. Pkt. 50c.

3. New Bedding Petunia Violet
Queen. — A real deep violet blue.
Blooms as freely as Rosy Morn.
Pkt. 50c.

4. New Bedding Petunia Purple
Queen. — Exquisite rich clear purple
overlaid with a velvety sheen. Pkt.
50c.

5. Adonis Aleppica.— 16 to IS
in. high. From 16 to 20 main stems
with fine dark blood-red flowers.
Pkt. 50c.

6. New Giant Dahlia-Zinnia.— A

true giant in size. Pkt. 50e.

7. New Lilliput Poppy.— Only 12
in. high, constantly in bloom. A
lovely daybreak pink. Pkt. 50c.

8. New Miniature Dahlia Peter
Pan. — Flowers Anemone - shaped
with tubular center. All the pas-
tel shades. Pkt. 75c.

9. New Sunflower D a z z I e r. —
Flowers 4 in. across, of a rich
chestnut, tipped orange with dark
center. Pkt. 35c.

10. Dianthus Laciniatus Purpu-
reus Fl. PI. — A purple garnet in-
clined to a claret. Beautifully
fringed. Pkt. 50c.

11. Cynoglossum Heavenly Blue.

— Brilliant blue forget-me-not flow-
ers from May until frost. Pkt. 50c.

12. New Giant Zinnia, Apricot.—
Charming new color in Giant
Double Zinnias. Pkt. 25c.

Above novelties sold separately at the prices *r nn
named, or the entire collection of twelve at V& •""

26 West 59th Street, New York

Our ''Book for
Garden Lovers"

(25c. a copy) FREE
with every order.

House & Garden

The Rose in America Today

(Continued from page 86)

my own garden is adorned by seventy
varieties, each distinct enough to hold
its place until a better sort displaces it.
These roses I consider up-to-date in
value and beauty, for they make the
five weeks from May 24 to July 1 a
feast of changing loveliness.

Pure white I have in Purity and Sil-
ver Moon, both strictly -American in
origin, with great broad flowers in abun-
dance, as well as in White Dorothy
and Mrs. M. H. Walsh, of the cluster-
flowered type, and Milky Way and
"W. S. 18," both with single blooms of
dainty elegance, and all American.

A gamut of pink and crimson is run
with Dr. W. Van Fleet, Christine
Wright, Climbing American Beauty,
and Baroness von Ittersum in the large-
flowered class, with Lady Gay, Tau-
sendscho'n, Mrs. F. W. Flight, Excelsa,
and a half-dozen more of the multi-
flora type, while Sargent, Paradise,
Evangeline, Hiawatha and American
Pillar strike the single note. The same
note is hit hard by a most beautiful
single rose, the Van Fleet hybrid "W.
M. 5," yet unnamed, which shows a
new color and habit.

The yellow tones are not so well pre-
sented, but Oriflamme, Aviateur Bleriot
and Ghislaine de Feligonde are really
yellow, and Emily Gray promises to be
so. A glorious Van Fleet hybrid, not
even yet given a number by that rose
magician, shows me enormous flowers
in which are flesh and pink and ecru
tints I do not know how to describe.
The yellows are coming, and it may be
that the lovely hues of Hugonis and
Xanthina, the Chinese natives with
which Dr. Van Fleet is working, are to
be put into climber form in his hands.

No survey of the rose in America at
this time can overlook these same Chi-
nese natives. Rosa Hugonis is a new
power in the shrub border, for it gives
us the habit of Spirea Van Houttei
with a complete cloud of .clear yellow
single flowers, coming long before one
is thinking of rose-blooms — my plants
were doing business in bloom on April
25th in 1921! R. xanthina is deeper
yellow, and one form has double flow-
ers. Both species — and they are fixed
native Chinese species, not hybrids or
varieties — have distinct foliage, red
stems, and a lovely fall color.

In the same general class of worth-
while shrubs, better looking when out
of bloom than any lilac or mock-orange
or weigela, are the hybrids of Rosa
spinosissima, the Scotch or Burnet rose.

The variation called altaica, now by
some erected into a species, gives us a
rounded shrub of three to four feet,
covered early with a mass of great white
single flowers. Dr. Van Fleet has some
breath-taking hybrids of altaica and
Hugonis, and one of Hugonis and Radi-
ance, that will certainly make the nur-
serymen and the landscape architects
stir themselves when they become
available. They are, thank heaven,
purely "made in America," and the
aggravating restrictions of Quarantine
37 cannot shut them out.

Indeed, these "new creations," of far
more real value to the East than any
productions of Burbankian bombast,
are to be sent out under a thoroughly
up-to-date arrangement between the
Department of Agriculture, in which Dr.
Van Fleet works, and the American
Rose Society. It is not generaly real-
ized that it is about impossible for a
Federal department to sell anything in
an ordinary commercial way, or indeed
to propagate any new plant in trade
quantities. The arrangement between
the American Rose Society and the De-
partment continues the conventional
distribution arrangement so far as it may
be called upon by Congressmen, but also
puts material for propagation into the
hands of the American Rose Society,
which offers it impartially to all its
trade rose-growing members under an
arrangement prescribed by the Depart-
ment. This arrangement fixes a maxi-
mum retail price, provides uniform and
accurate descriptions, and earmarks any
profit to the Rose Society, so that it
may be used in the general interest for
rose research.

The first rose, available I think in
1923 under this up-to-date contract,
has been named Mary Wallace, in
honor of the daughter of the Secretary
of Agriculture. It is a truly lovely
rose, of a deep and lively pink in an in-
formal and attractive shape, and it
made at Dr. Van Fleet's Bell experi-
ment station a wonderful low hedge,
good enough without flowers, but sup-
erb in its early June flood of blossoms.
Mary Wallace will also climb with vigor
in rich ground, acknowledging poor soil
only by assuming the shrub or hedge
form.

It is not hard for any reader to real-
ize that I believe in these once-bloom-
ing shrub and climbing roses for their
rightful and extensive use, and that
from a world-look I am assured we are
(Continued on page 102)

The Pawpaw — An American Fruit

(Continued from page 38)

shaped large pawpaws on a tray and
this information: "One of the most dif-
ficult of all trees to raise from the seed
and not offered elsewhere. The fruit is '
the size and form of a small banana and
excels in flavor any known fruit which
can be raised in temperate climates. I
have never so far been able to raise
enough trees to go around. The young
trees grow very readily when of the
small size which I offer."

No doubt the pawpaw's habit — as
Mr. Burbank humorously puts it — of
"thinking it over" six months in the
greenhouse before it begins to sprout
has a good deal to do with the neglect
of this grand fruit. Now that he has
shown how to overcome its apparent
objection to being born, others can fol-
low his example; and as his plants are
not available in the Eastern States I
hope that some of our enterprising and
ambitious greenhouse men will adopt
the pawpaw and push it into the popu-
larity which it deserves. The more of
them who will follow in the footsteps

of this great gardener in doing in ten
years of selection and hybridizing what
Nature might (or might not) have
achieved in a thousand years, the bet-
ter for everybody from the business
point of view as well as the epicurean or
gastronomic.

One of the questions I asked the U.
S. Bureau of Plant Industry was
whether the American pawpaw is at all
like the tropical papaya in having in
the juice of its fruit or in its leaves the
chemical papain to which such wonder-
ful digestive powers are attributed. Mr.
Close answered this question in the
negative. To get further expert testi-
mony on this point I wrote to the great
Battle Creek dietician, Dr. J. H. Kel-
logg; his answer was: "I have not for-
gotten to mention the American paw-
paw in my new food book now in the
press. I notice the Agricultural De-
partment spell the name of the Ameri-
can fruit with one "w," Papaw, while
the tropical fruit is spelled with two
(Continued on page 90)

arch, 1922

C O

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gained from over 50 years' experi-
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Robert Pyle, Prcs. A. Wintzer, Vice-Pres.

Rose Specialists — Backed by over 50 years' experience

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Buy your seeds where experts buy them!
For nearly half a century a host of profes-
sional gardeners and florists have depended
on Beckert's Vegetable and Flower Seeds, year
in and year out, f orsure yield and sure quality.

Beckert's 1922 Catalogue offers several new,
high-yielding varieties of vegetables, besides the
good, old stand-byes; also many splendid new
flowers. Particularly worthy of note are Beckert's
New Giant Snapdragons, an exclusive importation
in several fascinating colors, and the New Mam-
moth Dahlia-flowered and Picotee Zinnias.

Beckert's 1922 Catalogue
is richly illustrated and full
of valuable pointers on gar-
den planning, planting and
cultivating, insuring the best
of results with every veg-
etable and flower. Free for
the asking.

SEND FOR YOUR
CATALOGUE NOW!

Beckert's Seed Store

101-103 Federal St.

Dept. H
Pittsburgh, Pa.

House & Garden

The

The Beautif ier of Permanence
-» and Individuality for
77 Private and Public Grounds

As designed and constructed by Hartmann-
Sanders Co., the Pergola is effectively
adapted to the modest garden of limited
area as well as to the most pretentious
estate.

"ROSE ARBORS"

The

"Better-Built"
kind constructed not only for attractive-
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Catalogue contains several other designs of
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priced. All our Garden Craft is painted
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40. 10 Rose Arbor

for $37.50
P.O.B. Chicago

Lawn set No. 94-96
Chair No. 94 $14.00
Rocker " 94 $15.00
Seat " 96 $28.00
F.O.B. Chicago

OlMPLICITY and good taste in Garden Craft are essential
O if it should harmonize with the restfulness of interior
home furnishings. Here, too, — you will find suggestions
which are suitable for making your garden a reposing place
for leisure hours.

HAPPY surroundings tend to convert idle
moments into years of pleasant memories.
An Arbor with seats, is a comfortable place
for tea, or a bridge game, or an hour with a
new book.

/T*HIS advertisement shdws only a few
A selections of suggestive features taken
from our catalogue which contains over ons
hundred practical illustrations of distinctive
garden decorations for beautifying the sur-
roundings of home.

When writing for copy enclose 20 cents —
and ask for Catalogue "P-33."

ose Arbor — with seats

No. 20 $90.00

F.O.B. Chicago

HARTMANN-SANDERS CO.

Special exhibit of our eoods can Factory and Main Office
be seen at the International 2I55-S7 Elston Avenue
Flower Show, Grand Central Chicaflo, Illinois

Palace, New York City, March
13th to 19th.

A'etp York Office and Show

Room
6 E. 39th St.. New York City

Arbor No. 24
Price $110.00

F.O.B. Chicago
Seat No. 68
Price $35.00

F.O.B. Chicago

The Pawpaw — An American Fruit

(Continued from page

"w's," Pawpaw. It is the tropical fruit
that has the digestive ferments in it, at
least I have never heard that our north-
ern fruit has any digestive properties. I
am not sure, however, that this subject
has been scientifically studied. I will
perhaps get a chance to investigate the
matter this year. The Pawpaw grows in
Michigan quite abundantly in certain
regions. We have a town a few miles
west of Kalamazoo named Paw Paw
because of the abundance of this fruit
in that vicinity. No attention has been
given to it, however, and it seems to be
running out. Some attempt has been
made to improve the fruit with more
or less success. It is ,an excellent fruit,
almost the only fruit we have which
has a real tropical flavor. The man-
drake or May apple is the only other
one. Both are good fruits and I think
ought to be improved by culture. I be-
lieve they would be invaluable addi-
tions to our too limited list of fruits.''
The tropical papaya, which does con-
tain the remarkably digestive papain

(destined to supersede the ubiquitous
soda mints) is not altogether un-Amer-
ican since it grows in at least two of
our States (Florida and California),
while on our Hawaiian Islands it furn-
ishes more enjoyment than any fruit
except the banana. The natives revel
in its luscious flavor; I have sometimes
thought that the reason why the
Hawaiians are usually represented as
persistently cheerful and bubbling over
with merriment is because the juice of
the papaya, containing as it does papain
in all its parts and particularly in its
fruit (see the U. S. Dispensatory), ban-
ishes dyspepsia, the chief source of ill-
health and- melancholy.

David Fairchild, our Government's
Explorer in Charge of Foreign Seed and
Plant Introduction, is so much inter-
ested in the papaya that he has issued a
special pamphlet on it (to be had from
the Superintendent of Documents in
Washington), which will serve as a guide
to those who may wish to grow papayas
as well as pawpaws.

PLANTING THE YEAR AROUND

YES, it is being done more and more
as commercial growers and purchas-
ing gardeners come to a better under-
standing of the principles that underlie
its successful conduct. The old belief
that trees, shrubs and hardy perennial
flowers can be transplanted only in early
spring or fall is obsolete. In its stead
we find that we can move blossoming
phlox plants in midsummer, evergreens
and other woody things in January. As
that modern planting wizard, Henry
Hicks, says, "If you love a plant you
can make it live any time" — a state-
ment which those who are familiar
with his work on Long Island know to
be literally true.

The successful moving of a tree, shrub
or hardy flowering plant hinges first of
all upon taking it up, transporting and
resetting without disturbance of the
original soil about those delicate, fibrous
rootlets which are its direct gatherers
of the essential soil moisture and plant
food. Upon the rapidity with which
these rootlets resume their normal func-
tioning in the new site depends the im-
mediate and consequently the more
distant future success of the subject.

In the case of the average flowering
plant that has grown in the average
way this ball of earth containing the
fine roots is small enough to be readily
handled, but when we consider small
trees and fair-sized shrubs, with their
normally more extensive root systems,
special methods of growing prior to
transplanting are needed for best re-
sults. The plan followed in the best
nurseries is somewhat as follows:

When the young stock has established
its first substantial root system a sharp
spade is forced into the earth on all
sides of and underneath the tree, cutting
clean through the longer roots and
shortening them materially, the exact
percentage of cutting being determined
by the size and condition of the subject
and other considerations. This is done
without disturbing the main root mass,
and afterward the soil is replaced. The
effect is analogous to that of pruning
the branches — it forces the plant to form
short and bushy rather than long and
straggly roots.

This root pruning is repeated one or
more times, each cut being farther from
the main stem than the last, until the
tree or bush is ready for sale. By that
time its root system will be so compact,
and have developed so many of the fine
fibres, that the ball of earth containing
it will be small enough to be practical
for moving.

If the transplanting is to be done in

winter, the ground around the tree is
mulched to prevent freezing, and when
the time comes the root ball is wrapped
in burlap and often boxed for ship-
ment. If moved during warmer
weather, a thorough watering is given
before transportation begins. Some-
times, where the stock is to be taken a
comparatively short distance by motor
or wagon, those trees, shrubs and plants
which are small enough are placed with
their root balls in some container filled
with liquid mud.

Replanting in the winter is preceded
by a heavy mulch of litter over the new
site to keep the frost from entering the
ground. This is maintained until the
new stock arrives, when it is taken off
and the excavating and planting done
at once. This scheme of keeping the
ground in condition for planting how-
ever cold the weather may be calls for
only a little foresight and a negligible
amount of labor and expense, yet it is
one of the most important factors in the
practice of planting the year around.
There are virtually no hardy, woody
plants which cannot be handled success-
fully in ground which has been treated
in this way.

The moving of matured trees, shrubs
and various plants by these modern
methods has a direct and important
bearing on the development of our gar-
dens and grounds. The "immediate
effect" which is so often desired can be
secured by it whenever desired. Long
periods of waiting for the plant to de-
velop from the seed or the tree to grow
from the sapling are eliminated. Al-
though the leaves of things moved in
summer may wilt or turn yellow, there
is no need for the main body of the
plant suffering any serious harm.

It must be remembered that the
choice of new stock should be regulated
by knowledge of the soil and growing
conditions of your own grounds. It
would be unfair to expect a moisture
loving shrub, for example, to thrive in
a dry and sandy situation, no matter
what might be the method by which it
was moved thither. Study your con-
ditions, therefore, below ground as well
as above. Consult your State Agricul-
tural Station on matters of soil and
drainage, making it a special point to
familiarize yourself with the local geol-
ogy in so far as it affects these matters.
Then pick out suitable plant material,
pin your faith to .the ball of earth and
sympathy and understanding of plant
needs and habits, and go ahead. You
will be surprised at the results and learn
still another valuable garden lesson.

larch, 1922

Dreer's Six Famous American Asters

AIERICAX grown Astern are one of our leading specialties and our
list comprises only such sorts as can be planted with perfect confi-
dence that nothing better can be procured, no matter at what price,
or from what source, and while we offer this season, over sixty distinct
varieties and colors, none of which can be excelled for quality, we have
selected this collection, which embraces six distinct types and colors which
we feel sure will give entire satisfaction to the most critical growers of
this popular flower, not only on account of their free growth and profuse
flowering, but also for large size and excellence in quality.
We will furnish this Collection of DREER'S Six FAMOUS AMERICAN ASTERS,
comprising one packet each, of six choicest varieties, for 65 cents, postpaid.

DREER'S GARDEN BOOK FOR 1922

Six pages are given to the description and illustration of Asters, together
with cultural directions. It also offers a complete list of other Flower
Seeds, Vegetable Seeds, Lawn Grass and Agricultural Seeds, Plants of all
kinds, including the newest Roses, Dahlias, Hardy Perennials, etc.

A copy of DREER'S GARDEN BOOK FOR 1922
will be mailed free if you mention lltis publication.

A
A.

714-716 Chestnut Street
Philadelphia, Pa.

A NURSERY CATALOG

of Unusual Helpfulness

That is what folks say of Green's
Nursery Catalog.

A Catalog that is a Text Book

Fruit Specialists Since 1881

From one end of the country to the other
the nursery stock of Charles A. Green is
famous for its hardiness. Northern grown,
vigorous and well-formed trees. Experi-
enced planters who have seen our big fields
of fruit trees have said that they were the
best in the country. Not only are they
large vigorous trees • full of vitality, but
they have come from buds of trees now
hearing fruit at Green's Fruit Farm. Thus
they can be relied upon to be absolutely
true to name, which is one of the most im-
portant things in connection with tree grow-
ing. Mr. C. A. Green's assistants of long
experience have learned how to dig, pack and ship trees so that
they will reach their destination in the best possible condition.

GREEN'S NURSERY COMPANY

133-113 Green St.,

Rochester, N. Y.

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ON A

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A product is as valuable as the organization behind it

House & Gardej

STARTING THE GARDEN SEED!

Reproduction of illustra-
tions on page 4 of "GOOD
FENCES"

ALL Anchor Post Fences have one thing in common : they are
good through and through: in material, manufacture, and
erection.

It would be difficult to find structures more exposed to the
elements. Strength of material and excellence of mechanical
design are of little value unless we have durability.

All parts of our wire fences are galvanized by the hot-dip
spelter process, the best and thickest protection that can be
given to iron. We know that our posts will last for twenty
years, and many of them still in service have been set for a
longer period.

This is the book, GOOD

FENCES, a beautiful

Rotogravure, measuring

8'/i" x 11"

PHOTOGRAPHS
of ANCHOR POST FENCES

faithfully reproduced in this 16-page Rotogravure
Book, give you a wide range of choice. We have
the proper fence and gate for every location — in
wire or iron.

To home owners, public officials, and others
seriously interested in this subject, it is

SENT FREE

The book does not pretend to show our complete line.
But of the many types illustrated there may be one
which would serve your needs. Send for a copy. If
any other information is needed, our nearest Sales &
Erection Office will be glad to send a man to discuss
the matter with you.

ANCHOR POST IRON WORKS

Hudson Terminal Building

52 Church St., New York, N. Y.

Sales and Erection Offices in

(2384-G)

Boston 79 Milk St.

Chicago 8 So. Dearborn St.

Cleveland Guardian Bldg.

Hartford. Conn 902 Main St.

Rochester, N.Y 1604 Main St., East

Mlneola, L. I.. N'. Y Jericho Turnpike

Pittsburgh 2011 Penn Avenue

Philadelphia Real Estate Trust

Detroit Penobscot Bldg.

Cincinnati 141 Fourth St.

Thirty years of fair dealing backs Anchor Post Fences

The "flat" in which
flower or vegetable
seeds are started
early indoors is a
shallow box

The earth should be
reasonably rich ,
finely sifted and
light and loamy in
texture. Pack light,
ly and level off

The seeds are sown
in shallow "drills" —
straight little rows
about 2" apart,
made with a pencil
point or sharp
pointed stick. Sow
the seed thinly, di-
rect from the en-
velope or hand

The seed is barely covered, few kinds needing more than Mi" of soil

over them. The earth is firmed down gently over the seeds with the

palm of the hand or some flat object, and then well watered

March, 1922

Kunderd's Marvelous
New Ruffled Gladioli

offer something entirely new and original for your garden.
Far removed from the common sorts in size and color, their
ruffled beauty will make your garden distinctive. No other
grower has ever produced anything to compare with these
marvelous new types and colors.

Kunderd's 1922 Catalogue

describes many new sorts introduced for the first time; illus-
trates 19 of these new Gladioli in natural colors and many
others in halftone. 52 pages of Gladioli descriptions and
cultural directions, with special instructions for growing
show flowers. The most instructive Gladiolus catalogue ever
issued. Send today for a free copy.

A. E. Kunderd, Box 2, Goshen, Indiana, U. S. A.
The Originator of the Ruffled Gladiolus

Fafl, Accurate and Economical

Half an Acre or Fifty

Does the ivork
af &<ve hand
moijuers.U'orks
alldayfor35c.

Whether you mow half an acre or fifty,
there is real dollar economy and added
lawn beauty in the work a 4-Acre Power
Mower will do.

Light in weight, it handles ''close-up"
mowing around trees, flowers and shrubs
with the same speed and accuracy that
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The 4 -Acre Power Mower welcomes
every test you can give it. Start it, follow
it, turn it, climb with it. Then let it cut
its way through grass so long that a hand
mower would clog and jam.

Complete details sent at once on
request. It means no obligation.

JACOBSEN MFG. CO.

Racine, Wisconsin

Cuts Mo& Grass Per Dollar

A Collection Guaranteed to Please You
for .32.OO prepaid (Tubers)

Madonna, white Peonu-flo\vered

MIIKJ Burgle, scarlet Decorative

Maude Adams, pink and white Show

\V, B. Childs, purple-maroon Oactxis

Zeppelin, lavender Peony-flowered

My Catalog is Free - Please Ask for It.

House &• Garden

"Welcome" and "Goodbye'

You are setting the stage for much of life's drama
when you select an entrance for your home. We
agree that you can not give too great a consideration
to its quality and design.

Curtis doors and entrances are made to fulfill
your demands for both strength and beauty. Curtis
doors are made of selected materials by skilled work-
men. Features in their construction insure their
durability against use and weather. The designs are
b}7 architects of high standing and are along lines
approved by leaders in good taste.

The same excellence is common to all Curtis
Woodwork — some 250 items of windows, stairs,
mantels, moldings, frames, and built-in furniture.
It is all skilfully made in widely accepted designs
from the best of materials.

You will find Curtis Woodwork low in price when
you consider its. quality. That's because we give you
the advantages of the economies of large production
and of standardized manufacturing.

Curtis Woodwork is sold only through retail lum-
ber merchants. You can tell Curtis Woodwork by
our name on every piece.

If you do not know where you can see Curtis
Woodwork, write us for the name of a nearby dealer
and for beautifully illustrated literature.

f% I B S B f+

CURT iS

WOODWORK

"The Permanent Furniture for Your Home"

THE
CURTIS COMPANIES' SERVICE BUREAU'

Dept, G Clinton, Iowa

Maintained by the following Curtis manufacturing and distributing plants:

Curtis, Towle & Paine Co., Topeka, Kansas

rnrtio * R«iti»v rn nisi-iimm.. fit,- niri*.
Curtls & B™** Co- Oklahoma City. Okla.

Curtis Door & Sash Co., Chicago, Illinois
Curtis Detroit Co., Detroit, Michigan

Sales offices at Pittsburgh, New York and Baltimore

Curtis Bros. & Co., Clinton, Iowa
Curtis & Yale Co., Wausau. Wisconsin
Curtis-Yale-Holland Co., Minneapolis, Minn.
Curtis Sash & Door Co., Sioux City, Iowa
Curtis. Towle & I'aine Co., Lincoln, Neb.

The makers of CuRTlS Woodwork guarantee complete
satisfaction to its users. "We're not satisfied unless you are."

If your home plans

have not taken shape
you will find our
"Better Built Homes"
of great help to you.
Each volume contains
floor plans of at least
32 homes, with both
exterior and interior
views. Use the cou-
pon for convenience.

THE CURTIS COMPANIES' SERVICE BUREAU
Department G. Clinton, Iowa

Enclosed please find in stamps for which please send me

"Better Built Homes." Vol. VI (3, 4 and 5 room houses) 50<r
Vol. VII (6. 7 and 8 room houses). 50c; Vol. IX (50 bunga-
lows, story-and-a-half and two-story houses). 50c. Check the
one or ones you want. D Vol. VI. D Vol. VII. D Vol. IX

Name

Street or B. F. D I

Town . . state . .

/Jo: ffo) , .

HorfiCCllfUl'Ctl Hamc: (|lc.tvcodor> Maries. Album)
Comtnoii /(«<Jn.«- : (Dojorf Wnite doloon Tlooar)
TOI-JH rial ted :(Root DIUI/POO) D«»<e:(4:l7:Zo)

: (3/G>/20>) Mak-iog- fir/t /boo> of 1bliogs,4')
couered to'iHj effae+iue folicxte )
*

(7/I5/2O) ISIoomx epneeri'np' in qoon-My ; bloi/*K ujhife , bell
flowery) («5/i5/2o) ytill CWominV csf teetioely > ^plend i J
(lo/ia/iO\Milooni/ dw^-cp peer 100' ) br_— ,— —

but cffect'ioe ^-Wo podj-
and folieq'c i»eUe pleoi^
oc- Soc- b le.)

CABD

7bi/ hey prooed to be one of »oxt o*locble plenty in^crrfen

on eceoont of duration and <^oeMy of bloom an<J foln.ete.)

A series of record cards like this, one for each plant or
species group in the garden, will be a most valuable practi-
cal guide for the future and a fertile source of pleasure in
retrospect

A RECORD OF THE GARDEN

A GARDEN is such an evanescent
thing. A succession of varying
effects is flashed upon the screen
at almost weekly intervals. Some plant
here has drooped to insignificance and
another there has burst into bloom be-
fore we have had a chance to form a
lasting mental picture of the garden's
general appearance at any certain time.

Now, such a mental picture would be
a tremendously valuable thing to have
when, just before the planting seasons,
we fondle newly arrived catalogs and
seek to determine just how and where
we can make improvements. It is prac-
tically impossible with any certainty to
make changes for the better without
being able at the same time definitely to
visualize the exact requirements of each
particular grouping in the garden, nor
is it safe always to rely upon the mem-
ory for failures among the perennials
that require supplanting by more dur-
able varieties. But these are only prac-
tical considerations. There is, in ad-
dition, the increased interest our gardens
will hold as we note down in some sys-
tematic fashion the performance of its
plants for future reference ; there is an
undeniable satisfaction in the possession
of a detailed plan of its plant groupings.

With these two accessories, a plan
and a card file, the fleeting effects of the
summer months will be constantly at
hand, as apparent in January as in
June. It is well worth, in pleasure and
profit, a few minutes of our garden time
each week. But it must not be over-
done. For when any garden record be-
comes intricate it becomes a duty, and
when it becomes a duty it becomes te-
dious, and when it becomes tedious it
is very apt to end.

If the. garden has been designed, if its
planting has been definitely arranged
beforehand on paper, there should be
already prepared a detailed planting
plan showing the beds in outline and the
plant groupings within them. If the
garden has simply grown one should be
made.

This operation is a fairly simple one,
requiring only a sheet of cross-section
paper, a 6' rule and a pencil. White
cross-section paper with pale green lines
and with ten cross-sections to the inch
should be used. On this paper each
inch in length and width represents 10'
and each small square a square foot.
The size of the garden will determine
the size of the sheet, so that if the
garden is, say, 50' by 100', the sheet, to
allow for a margin, should be not less
than 7" by 12". The sheet, when cut to
the proper size, should be thumb-tacked
to a thin board to make its handling all

the more convenient. When the out-
line of the garden .and the locations and
outlines of the various beds have been
plotted on the paper the most difficult
part of the work will be over.

There should be no attempt in plot-
ting the plant groupings to go to ex-
tremes of exactness; a plan showing the
approximate relative size and location
of each group is all that is necessary,
and variations of 6" more or less will
not affect the general idea of the thing.
As each group is outlined it should be
given/ a number and this number should
be set down opposite the name and
amount of the plants of that group on
an accompanying list. 'On the comple-
tion of such a plan as this the owner will
have in his possession his garden in
miniature. He can work in his garden
on rainy days and when it is lying under
a foot of snow.

To complete his garden record he will
need a memorandum of the perform-
ance of those plants with which he is
less familiar, ones which he is putting
on trial, as it were; he will need some
means of accurately noting down the
success or failure of various color ef-
fects of bloom. He may do this most
readily by obtaining ruled 4" by 6"
cards that will fit into a loose-leaf folder.
In the front of the book he may keep
his plant list with its reference numbers
to the planting plan. The cards may be
arranged as the one illustrated or they
may follow any scheme that he prefers.
Each should give, however, both the
horticultural and common names, the
form in which it was planted, whether
by seed, seedling or root division, where
it was obtained and when it was planted.
Below these may be put observations
of its growth, the nature and dura-
tion of its bloom and foliage and what-
ever else may be of value.

If the gardener will carry this note-
book with him into the garden he will
undoubtedly find each time something
worth jotting down and his garden will
begin to mean a great deal more to him
than it ever has before. At the end of
the first year he will find himself in the
possession of an invaluable collection of
information, an ever-increasing amount
of data that will far excel that which he
may get from catalogs and cyclopedias.
He can accurately plan all the necessary
changes during the winter months and
be ready to put them into effect in the
spring with an assurance that would be
otherwise impossible. But most of all
he may constantly enjoy, as his garden
grows, one of the most fascinating gar-
den tasks imaginable.

RICHARD H. PRATT, 2ND.

March, 1922

Utttle Cree Jfarm* Special Offer

6 Choice Evergreens $10.

Will Make Your Home Grounds More Beautiful

ORDER NOW

This sample offer consists of
one Blue Spruce, one Arbor-
vitae, one Prostrate Juniper,
one Erect Juniper, one White
Spruce, one Red Pine. I j/2 to
4 ft. high. Three times trans-
planted, shipped with ball of
earth, tied with burlap, packed
in crate and delivered to ex-
press at Framingham, Mass.
Shipping weight about 1 50 Ibs.
Remittance with order.

View of Little Tree Farms II

Send for the "Book of Little Tree Farms." 44 large pages with 150

illustrations of new landscape plantings. Instructively written to help

you. Used as a text book in many agricultural colleges and listed in

U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. Sent free.

Utttle

Jfarmsi

AMERICAN FORESTRY

DEPT.AZ COMPANY BOSTON
The "Birthplace. of Little Trees that Lite."

FOR SPRING

Your home grounds will be
made far more beautiful, valu-
able and enjoyable by adding
these choice decorative ever-
greens to your foundation
plantings, screens, borders and
entrances. This collection of
evergreens is useful anywhere.

Yellow

Free-

Stone

USUALLY BEARS FIRST YEAR PLANTED

Always the
Second Year

Breaks Records
the Third Year

Do you ask stronger evi-
dence, read this :
403 Perfect Peaches
on 4 year old tree.

Mr. C. E. Strawbridge, of
Lima, Ohio, writes us under
date of August 26, 1920. as
follows: "On April .10, 1916,
I set out one of your new
Rochester Peach trees. Last
year we picked 5 peaches from
it, each averaging the size of
an average tea cup. THIS
YEAR WE HAVE PICKED
EXACTLY 403 LARGE
PEACHES FROM THIS
ONE TREE. Many people
have seen this tree, and can
hardly believe their own
eyes. One of its admirers
was Postmaster J. E. Sul-
livan, who wants me to put
him in touch with the
JKFELLOWS WHO HAVE
SUCH TREES FOR SALE."
Trees planted in Spring, 1918, bore ISO to 200 peaches past summer.

THE EARLIEST YELLOW FREESTONE PEACH KNOWN

"Rochester is greatest money making peach in the world" — State-
ment by large orchardist.

Originated in Rochester, New York, tree is strong, upright grower,
has stood sixteen degrees below zero and produced a full crop, while
the Elberta and Crawford, under the same conditions in the same
orchard, produced no blossoms and consequently no fruit.

Mr. Yarker, Greece, N. Y., who has an orchard of 500 trees, reports
17 peaches picked in August from a tree planted the previous spring.

Mr. C. M. Thomas, 215 W. 40th St., Savannah, Ga., purchased a Rochester
Peach from us last February, and picked the first fruit in July.

CATALOGUE — For descriptions and prices of a complete list of Olenwood products,
lend tor a. copy of am 1922 catalogue E-2 of Dependable Trees and Plants — it's Iret.

SS" We are headquarters for genuine Rochester Peach.

GLEN BROS., Inc., Glen wood Nursery, Established 1866

ROCHESTER, N. Y.

ROCHESTER
PEACH

Are You Fond of Squash ?

Yes or no ! When you taste this real improvement in summer
Squash you will be content with no other. When cut in half the
long way, baked in the oven with butter, and the halves served
individually, our

NEW "DES MOINES" SQUASH

will completely surprise you. It is simple to prepare and easier
to enjoy, particularly after the first taste. One customer writes
"I never ate a Squash that tasted so good to me."

Baked or boiled, it is the best there is. By August 10th the
ground will be literally dotted with the small Squashes,

Pkt. 25 cts., oz. 50 cts., 14 Ib. $1.40, postpaid

Send for yours now and at the same time ask for a copy of
Forbes' 1922 Catalogue

accurately describing the things worth while in vegetables, flow-
ers, lawn and farm; full of interest and helpful advice. Free
on request.

ALEXANDER FORBES & COMPANY

119 Mulberry Street Newark, New Jersey

Have you a Room
That's Hard to Heat?

March is the month that puts a heating system to
the most severe tests. There are days of high winds
and extreme cold, and there are warm, spring'
like days when very little heat is needed.

The Kelsey Warm Air Generator meets one ex-
treme as well as the other.

For the most exposed room, the most difficult to
heat, a special cap (as illustrated) may be used,
sending directly to that particular room all the heat
from a certain section of the warm air chamber,
yet providing ample heat for the other rooms.

For the warm days, even a little wood fire will
keep the chill off.

Kelseys installed thirty years ago are still giving sat'
isfactory service, and the saving in coal bills has
paid their cost many times.

We shall be glad to answer any questions you
may ask about the Kelsey.

THE

I WARM

WARM AIR GET7ERATOR I

(Trade Mark Registered)
237 James St., Syracuse, N.Y.

New York Office
S6S-K Fifth Ave. (Cor. 46th St.)

Boston (9) Office
405-K P. O. Sq. Bldg.

House & Garden

ACCESSORIES for the GARDEN LOVER

All these articles mav be purchased through the

House &• Garden Shopping Service, 19 West 44th

Street, New York City.

Above is a kneeling pad
made of strong rush with
the bottom protected by
oilcloth. It is 14" long
and priced at $1.50

(Lejt) Grape shears that
cut and hold the stem,
made of the finest steel
are $3. They may also
be used for pruning roses

The tool at the left cuts weeds

and cultivates the soil, SI. IS.

The heavy scratch weeder is

$.85

A substantial seven tooth hand
cultivator is adjustable 4" to
10" wide. It may be pur-
chased for $1 .45

All types of gar-
dens, plans and
planting lists are
contained in
HOUSE & GAR-
DEN'S Book of
Gardens, $5

A garden record book is a boon to anyone desiring to run a vegetable

garden on somewhat of a business basis. This book with its columns

for data of all kinds enables one to keep an accurate account of all

the happenings of a garden, 75 cents

March, 1922

iUmr«mi>ft<fii>fdi«i>>Trfi^

Evergreen Cheer
Throughout the Year

THERE'S nothing like a cheery spot of
evergreen — hedge, windbreak, screen,
foundation planting or a single speci-
men or two here and there — to soften the
harsh, unlovely grasp in which Winter
holds your home surroundings.

About your grounds to-day, you'll find
dozens of places that could be made color-
fully attractive through otherwise colorless
months by the friendly presence of EVER-
GREENS. There are few things more beau-
tiful than symmetrical Evergreens touched
with snow !

Of course you can't make improvements in
time for enjoyment this Winter, but you
can for NEXT — by noting such places
NOW and filling them in the early Spring
with FRAMINGHAM EVERGREENS— the
famous hardy stock insuring selection
superb.

Send for our handsome

Beautiful Home Surroundings "

(Sent absolutely FttKE anywhere east of tht
Mississippi River ami north of the Potomac,
Klscu litre upon receipt of One Dollar.)

Showing GROMOR
with lawn mower
attachment in
position

DURABLE
COMPACT
ECONOMICAL
EFFICIENT

GROMOR

Mows your lawn and cultivates your garden

rPHE GROMOR is the ideal tractor for
-*- large or small estates. It pushes the
lawn mower (the natural way) so that the
tractor wheels do not press the grass down
before it is cut. This insures a clean, even
cutting job. Either the 22" or 30" mower
may be used. For a small lawn with many
trees and shrubs, the 22" mower is prefer-
able. The GROMOR is controlled and
guided from the handles.
The GROMOR is unexcelled for garden cul-
tivating. Any PLANET Jr. garden tools
can be attached for working small vege-
tables.

THE FRANK HELD TRACTOR CO.

DUSTLESS
DRIVEWAYS

Firm, clean, moist, dustless driveways and walks are espe-
cially desirable on private estates and country clubs. The eco-
nomical method of obtaining these conditions is to use

SOLVAY

Send for illustrated
booklet and prices.

609-11 North Fourth St.

COLUMBUS, OHIO

: GROMORi

Granulated

CALCIUM CHLORIDE

"The Natural Dust Layer"

Solvay is a white chemical salt, particularly adapted for use near or
around the house, owing to its lack of objectionable features such as
odor, tracking, discoloration, etc. It is harmless to men or animals and
not injurious to auto tires, varnish or vehicle paints. A combined dust-
layer and surface binder, it is by far the most effective method
of road treatment.

Extensively used on private and public roads and walks and
tennis courts.

The new Solvay Book will interest you. Write for it today!

SOLVAY

75%

\^ CALCIUM
CHLORIDE

"It's the Famous Ripolin Enamel*
I saw it in The Blackstone"

"Isn't it a lovely white finish ! So
rich, soft and velvety. Yes, and not
costly either because it goes so far and
lasts so long!

"I saw it first in London. It's the
same enamel they used in the Black-
stone."

Ripolin was first used in the most
prominent hotels and public buildings
in Europe. Then it came to America,
eighteen years ago. Here it won in-
stant recognition among the architects
and decorators of the largest hotels,
clubs and prominent buildings. Its
success, its beauty and particularly its
economy have influenced its choice for
the decorating of American homes of
the better type.

This wide use of Ripotin has been
made possible by country-wide dis-
tribution. There are Ripolin dealers
now in nearly every locality. If you
cannot locate a convenient dealer,
write to the nearest distributor listed
opposite. Interesting and helpful litera-
ture, including suggestions and prac-
tical specification data will be sent
upon request.

American Importers and Distributors

of RIPOLIN

The Glidden Company Cleveland

The Heath & Mllligan Mfft. Co. Chicago

Adams & Elting Co. Chicago

Campbell Paint & Varnish Co. St. Louis

Campbell Paint & Varnish Co. Dallas

The A Wllholm Co. Reading, Pa.

T. L. Blood & Co. St. Paul, Minn.

The American Paint Works New Orleans

The Glidden Co. of California San Francisco
Twin City Pain t St Varnish Co. St. Paul, Minn.
The Forest City Paint & Varnish Co. Cleveland
Nubian Paint 8t Varnish Co. Chicago

The Clidden Co. of Muss. Boston

The Gltdden Company of Texas Dallas

In Canada:
the Glidden <-x>.. Limited. Toronto, Ont.. Can.

Hotel Blaefcstone, Chicago. III.

This design is the identification
mark for genuine Ripvtin Enamel.
All Europe knows this famous
Ripolin trade mark. The secret
process of making Ripotin was
discovered in Holland thirty years
ago. Since that time Rtpoiin has
become known throughout the
civilized world.

House & Garden

Trees

The flowers of the tulip
tree are among its many
assets. They are yellow
and showy, admirably set
off by the light green, odd-
ly shaped leaves

for the Garden

(Continued from page 49)

a little forethought we can use this type
of material as accent points to give a
touch of individual charm to an other-
wise unbroken line. The towering
masses of cedars, with their lights and
shadows, or the upright masses of the
Lombardy poplars are suited for such
effects. Heavy masses of trees such as
oaks, pines or other large evergreens,
with openings here and there to allow
a choice bit of distant view to be seen,
serve as admirable backgrounds for
smaller plantings in the foreground.
Then too, we have such trees as the
white birches and the beeches which
have such distinctive colorings that
they are worthy of a prominent place
in our border plantings where they will
lighten, by their note of contrast, a dull
corner, or they can even serve as ter-
minations to long vistas across the gar-
den or lawn.

When such material is used it is nec-
essary to plant shrubs under them
which will endure partial shade. The
native viburnums with their showy
flowers in the spring and their brilliant
berries in the fall are very serviceable
here, as are the shrubby cornus such
as red-twigged dogwood, silky dog-
wood or the red and the yellow osier.
The snow and coral-berry, (Symphori-
carpos) are also effective with their
bright berries in the winter.

Evergreens are very satisfactory in
border plantings, for their color, which
is such a contrast, seems to impart life
even in winter when the garden is apt
to be a dreary spot. It is always best
to plant these trees in groups. The
effect is then more pleasing than if they
are treated as specimens and dotted at
regular intervals throughout the plant-
ing. They are the most serviceable
screen for objectionable views, as they
"block out" at all seasons. And they
are excellent for windbreaks, as they
seem to shred the fury of the wind into
more gentle breezes. As backgrounds
for garden structures or ornaments they
are unsurpassed, for against them the
color and detail of the object stand
out with great clearness. This is also
true of the smaller flowering trees, such
as the cercis and the dogwood whose
blossoms lose so much in detail when
shown against the open sky, but against
an evergreen they are twice as beau-
tiful. Cedars, arbor-vita; and pines,
especially the white pine, are best for
background groups, but hemlocks, when
they are large enough to be effective,
are also good. Firs and spruces are in-
teresting when they are young, but as
they grow older they are apt to become
thin and scraggly in appearance.

A very pleasing note of contrast in

border plantings, which is seldom
achieved, can be secured by allowing
a specimen tree to stand clear from the
rest of the planting at some salient
point. Old apple trees or cedars used
in this manner add great dignity to a
garden by seeming to lend it age, or
to make one feel that the garden has
been drawn about the tree rather than
that the tree has been placed for the
benefit of the garden. Trees large
enough for shade, used in this manner,
make admirable places for garden fur-
niture.

All gardens to be effective should be
enclosed. Even though we may be
pleased with distant views and the sur-
rounding landscape we must steel our
hearts and block them out of our gar-
den picture in order that we can appre-
ciate its detail. The English have
secured this effect by the use of high
masonry walls, which are still hard and
harsh, even with their wealth of creep-
ers, and seem to spoil, with their abrupt-
ness, the effect of Nature's handiwork,
which we prefer to emulate in our
plantings.

In America we have developed a sat-
isfying enclosure by the use of shrub-
bery, but an over-abundant use of ma-
terial of much the same character-
istics is very apt to produce a feeling of
monotony. Too often in trying to get
away from this feeling the enclosing
order has become a collection of freaks
and monstrosities through the use of
variegated and highly colored foliage
plants, or through the use of a great
many varieties in small groups of two
of this and three of that, with one of
the other tucked away here and there.
We seem to have overlooked the great
possibilities presented to us by the use
of small flowering trees such as the dog-
wood, the cercis, the hawthorns, the
host of flowering fruits such as crab-
apples, plums and peaches, and the
many others of similar nature which will
give relief from this bane of monotony
and lift the garden out of the ordinary
into something unique and individual.
This is especially true when the amount
of space for the garden is so limited
that we cannot have the luxury of a
heavy background of large trees.

It is hard to select the best flower-
ing trees from the multitude offered,
but it is fairly safe to say that prac-
tically all of them serve well the pur-
pose of giving a delightful bouquet of
bloom which is more prominent and
more significant than the average shrub.
The difference in height adds contrast
to the small and more regular shrubs
and so breaks the continuity of line.
(Continued on page 100)

March, 1922

Dodson

Bird
Houses

F've found March the best month to put out neiv bird houses.
They have a chance to season a little before the birds come.
It*t the early birds, too, that need protection.

President, American Audubon Association

Here are the houses — that have saved hundreds of trees and shrubs

WrenHousc, solid oak, cypress
ihinglcs, copper coping, 4 com-

Eartments, z8 inches high, 18
iches diameter. Price $6.00.

Purple Martin House, cottage
style, 28 compartments,
JZX17 inches. Price £16.00.
Other styles up to $78.00.

Last March, 500 Dodson Bird Houses of
various designs were installed at the Olympia
Fields Country Club,Chicago. During the sum-
mer every house was occupied. The club grounds
were alive with birds, bird songs filled the air.
More than this — the trees, shrubs and greens
were protected from insect pests. The trouble-
some mosquito was materially reduced innumber.

JOSEPH H.

731 HARRISON AVENUE

A few Dodson Bird Houses scattered thru
your garden — one hanging from a tree — will
attract the birds. Mr. Dodson has created them
after thirty years' loving study of the birds.
They are most picturesque and built of staunch
materials. We send them to you anywhere.
Let them add a touch of refinement to your
grounds. Write to Mr. Dodson.

DODSON

KANKAKEE, ILLINOIS

Automatic Sheltered Feeding Table
— operates like a weather vane, al-
ways a shelter against the wind,
with 8-ft. pole, size 14x22x12. Price
?7.?o. With copper roof,gio.oo.

Makes Gardening a Sport

When you cultivate your garden with Planet Jr. your work
is all play — healthful exercise. You cultivate standing straight
— no bending, no kneeling. And Planet Jr. works so quickly,
right close up to the row without injuring the plants.

No. 12 Planet Jr. Double and Single Wheel
Hoe Combined straddles and hoes both sides of
a row at once. So light, a woman or boy can ^ j^tto. 12
use it ; so strong, it lasts a lifetime.
The illustrated Planet Jr. catalog shows
just the Planet Jr. garden tool you need.
Write for your copy today.

S. L. Allen & Co., Inc.

Dept. 34
5th & Glen wood Ave., Philadelphia

Planet Jr.

Dodson Sparrow Trap,
guaranteed to rid your
premises of this noisy,
quarrelsome pest, $8.00.

Mr. Dodson's fascinating booklet., "Your
Bird Friends and How to Win Them,"
with all the styles of Bird Houses and Mr. Dodson's
valuable suggestions. A colored bird picture suitable
for framing will also be sent free.

^~^

Flowering Dogwoods!

ERE is a charm, delicacy and sentiment about
the Dogwood that make it particularly fasci-
nating to plant-lovers. It flowers so young

(no tedious waiting) and so profusely has such brilliant

deep crimson autumn foliage, with ruby berries which

tempt the birds in flocks and looks so becoming in almost

any situation, alone or in group planting — always yielding
beauty, never demanding any particular care or worry —
you simply can't help loving it. Experts say we have the

best Pink Dogwood they've seen anywhere and we think

our white is just as fine! (White, 2 to 1 1 ft., 75c to $5.00;
Pink, 2 to 9 ft., $1.50 to $12.) They blend beautifully.

Moons Nurseries

THE WM. H. MOON CO.

MORRISVILLE PENNSYLVANIA

which is / mile from Trenton. N.J,

100

House fy Garden

Trees for the Garden

(Continued from page 98)

Be More Careful

of your teeth — combat the film

If you are brushing your teeth
in a wrong way, learn what this
new way means.

Authorities now advise it. Lead-
ing dentists everywhere are urg-
ing its daily use. Millions of
people employ it.

Make this ten-day test and let
the results show you what really
clean teeth mean.

That dingy film

Film is what clouds the teeth's
beauty. It causes most tooth
troubles. Countless teeth dis-
color and 'decay because the old
ways of brushing do not effec-
tively fight film.

Film is that viscous coat you
feel. It clings to teeth, enters
crevices and stays. That is what
discolors — not the teeth.

Film is the basis of tartar. It
holds food substance which fer-
ments and forms acid. It holds
the acid in contact with the teeth
to cause decay.

Germs breed by millions in it.
They, with tartar, are the chief
cause of pyorrhea.

Ways to end it

Dental science has in late years
found two ways to fight film. It
has proved them by careful tests.

Now they are embodied in a new-
day tooth paste — called Pepso-
dent — for daily application.

Dentists here and abroad now
advise it. It is now bringing a
new dental era to some 40 races
of people.

Other new effects

Pepsodent brings three other effects,
natural and very important.

It multiplies the salivary flow — Na-
ture's great tooth-protecting agent. It
multiplies the starch digestant in the
saliva, to digest starch deposits. They
may otherwise cling and form acids.

It multiplies the alkalinity of the
saliva, to neutralize the acids which
cause tooth decay.

Thus every use does five things which
dental authorities now regard as essen-
tial.

You'll quickly see

A 10-Day Tube of Pepsodent is sent
to all who ask. That shows the de-
lightful effects. In a week you will
realize that this method means much
to you and yours.

Send the coupon for it. Note how
clean the teeth feel after using. Mark
the absence of the viscous film. See how
teeth whiten as the film-coats disappear.

They mean such cleansing, such pro-
tection as old ways never brought. Get
this 10-Day Tube and see how much they
mean to you and yours. Cut out the
coupon now.

REG. U.S.

The New-Day Dentifrice

A scientific film combatant, which also acts in other essential
ways. Approved by highest authorities, and now advised by
leading dentists everywhere. All druggists supply the large tubes.

10-Day Tube Free?

THE PEPSODENT COMPANY

Dept. 746, 1104 S. Wabash Ave., Chicago, 111.

Mail 10-Day Tube of Pepsodent to

Only one tube to a family

What you will see

Send this coupon for the 10-Day
Tube. Note how clean the teeth
feel after using. Mark the ab-
sence of the viscous film. See
how teeth whiten as the film-
coat disappears. Then read the
scientific reasons for the other
good effects. It will mean a
new era in teeth cleaning.

There is something about trees which
tends to give a place a more cozy,
homelike and comfortable feeling.
There is always a breeze under them,
even when the summer sun is scorch-
ing the nearby lawns and blistering the
asphalt; and in the winter they bend
solicitously over the house and give it
protection. If we have more trees
about our homes we will find that it
is much more easy to develop an out-
of-door life, for the trees seem to
beckon with a great insistency, and to
make the lawn more livable.

In selecting lawn trees we generally
consider their shading possibilities, but
with these we should try to combine
other interesting characteristics in order
that we might differentiate from the
street tree plantings by using some-
thing which it is not possible to use in
that location. We might use the oaks,
the lindens or the maples, but why not
delight ourselves with shade trees which
also bear flowers? The most striking
perhaps is the horse-chestnut which
forms a broad spreading pyramidal
tree which is lit in the spring with
myriads of candle-like blossoms at the
tips of the branches. Or the tulip tree
(Liriodendron) which has large tulip-
like flowers in May and a good foliage
of peculiar-shaped leaves. It is a rapid
grower and is free from fungus and in-
sect growths.

Trees may be selected for the color
of their foliage. The copper beech
(Fagus purpurea) and the darker purple
beech (var. Riversi) have an abundance
of attractive foliage whose color is very
striking. The tree develops into a wide
spreading and symmetrical mass whose
branches sweep the lawn and form
complete pictures in themselves. The
difficulty in using such material is that
the amount of room needed is great;
otherwise they will seem to crowd and
become eyesores, because of their in-
tense colorings, unless they are backed
and supported by other trees with a
green foliage to counteract their unusual
impressions.

The blue spruce is another tree which

owes its popularity to its interesting
color. But trees of this nature have
been used so long and so many times in
identical locations that it is a relief to
find them in other places, or lacking.
In fact it is so easy to overdo the speci-
men tree planting that it is necessary
to give a word of warning in order to
save many a place from becoming an
arboretum in appearance through the
over-abundant use of exotic material.
Be content with one or two such trees,
and do not give them too prominent
locations. Use them as contrasting
notes of color to give variety to masses
of setre which are native or in common
use.

Trees may be chosen for their valu-
able contribution to the landscape pic-
ture in their vari-colored bark and
branches. Foremost in this group are
the birches. The paper birch, the white
birch and the gray birch are all effec-
tive, especially when used in clumps. The
American beech is another tree which
has a very pleasing color note in its
steel-gray bark, while its abundance of
leaves makes it an admirable shade tree.
The English beech is more compact, and
branches to the ground. It is slower in
growth, but makes an effective screen
because of its heavy foliage which is
more or less persistent. The fern leaf
(var. heterophylla) and the weeping
beech (var. penditla) are interesting
varieties. The yellow birch also has an
interesting color in bark. It is a yel-
lowish gray and has the peculiar habit
of shedding in long strips which is quite
distinctive and effective. The tree de-
velops into a well rounded outline, and
has branches which are pendulous, giv-
ing the tree an added charm.

Other trees may be selected for their
brilliant autumn colorings. Several of
this class have already been mentioned,
but to these we might add the black
birch with its clear gold, the scarlet
of the red maple, the ruby, vermillion
and orange of the other maples, the
deeper purple of the red and scarlet
oaks, and the persistent gold and brown
of the oaks and beeches.

Tree Fruits to Plant This Spring

(Continued from page 51)

ornamental in the sanest sense of the
word. How fresh and luscious are those
ripened fruits, no less delicious to the
eye than to the palate. And if these
things fail to convince you, consider the
form and foliage of the trees themselves,
regular yet graceful, lusty green almost
from frost to frost, and in the larger
kinds like the ordinary apples and cher-
ries, furnishing abundant shade on the
sultriest of summer days.

Fruit trees fall naturally into two
classes: the standard or large, and the
dwarfs. The first of these, exemplified
by the apples with whose appearance
we are all familiar, occupy so much
space when fully grown that they are
hardly adaptable to small places which
cannot be devoted exclusively to them.
A standard apple or cherry should have
fifteen feet of clear space, for roots as
well as branches, on all sides of it.
Naturally, therefore, its use as an orna-
mental is restricted to good-sized areas
such as lawns and spacious yards. One
can hardly count on growing much in
the way of flowers or shrubs within the
30' circle which each of these trees
should have.

For the small place, then, or the shrub
border whose lines and varieties are in-
formal, you would do well to turn to the
naturally small trees like plums or the
dwarf forms of the apples and pears.
Just as soon as you look into the field
of dwarf trees you will find the range

of ornamental as well as utilitarian uses
widens tremendously.

First, there are the ordinary dwarfs,
true miniature trees four or five feet
high, needing no more space than a
shrub of similar height, but yielding
astonishingly heavy crops of fruit that in
every respect compares favorably with
the product of standard sized trees. As
specimens on little lawns, in the mixed
shrub border, here and there and almost
everywhere around the home grounds,
these little trees will prove a pleasure
from whatever angle you consider them.
And. they are the essence of ease when
it comes to those tasks of spraying, prun-
ing and picking which every fruit tree
demands.

Then there are the dwarfs trained in
special shapes — espalier trees, the expert
calls them — so that they may be planted
in a number of special situations. In
England, and to a far less extent in this
country, they are grown close against
walls, their branches pruned and trained
to give a flat shape that spreads along
the background like an open fan laid
against it. Here, obviously, is a great
saving of space, as the tree takes scarce-
ly more room than an ivy in the same
situation.

Again, the espalier tree may be grown
against an artificial trellis or other spe-
cial support, or a row of them can be
formed into a flat hedge or boundary
(Continued on page 102)

March, 1922

101

(Bnduring

CYCLONE Fence is designed and built to meet the re-
quirements of property owners who demand refinement
and propriety in home surroundings.

While affording effective protection against would-be intru-
ders, Cyclone Fence harmonizes with the character of
grounds enclosed ; imparts individuality to premises and
completes the attractiveness of your home. It is sturdy and
will give permanent service and satisfaction.

From a variety of handsome patterns, you may select fenc-
ing particularly appropriate for your home. Write Depart-
ment Z100 for beautifully illustrated fence booklet. "About
Fence for Your Home." No obligation.

CYCLONE FENCE COMPANY

General Offices: WAUKF.GAN, ILLINOIS

Factories: Waukegan, 111., Cleveland, O.. Fort Worth, Tex.

(yclone Fence

"Look for the Red-fry"

May We Assist You in Obtaining An

Artistic Blending of Planting Material in the
Herbaceous Border or Alpine Garden?

Your Garden Should Resemble a Painting

consisting of beautiful floral colors
arranged in varying tones of light and
shade and designed in keeping with
its accompanying architecture.

We Do Not Claim a Monoply

of artistic ability, but we do feel that
we may be able to help those who are
desirous of having grounds showing
individuality and character.

// it is Our Privilege

to serve you we shall be only too
glad to take into careful consideration
the taste of the individual, endeavor-
ing to build to their ideals as well as
adhering to the artistic essentials.

Our Very Interesting Catalogue

will be sent to readers of House &
Garden — on request.

WOLCOTT NURSERIES

Designers & Builders

Alpine Gardens, Herbaceous Borders, Landscapes
Clinton Road Jackson, Michigan

Bobbink & Atkins

Ask for
Catalog

forlds

Choicest
rySGre

oducts

Visit
Nursery

Ask for ROSES Catalog

LILACS

EVERGREE1NS

RHODODE1NDRONS

TREES AND SHRUBS

ROCK GARDEN PLANTS

OLD-FASHIONED FLOWERS

FRUIT TREES AND BUSHES

OUR GIANT-FLOWERING MARSHMALLOW

Japanese Yew

The Hedge Plant of the Future
and

Evergreen for Everywhere

Ask for special list of Standard (tree) Rosen

We grow Nursery Products to complete
Plantings of any magnitude.

Nurserymen & Florists

Rutherford

New Jersey

102

House fy Garden

'The Cellar as Clean as the Rest of the House"

The

New Way

Install a Sharp Rotary
Ash Receiver

If you want a dustless cellar with no dusty ashes
or unsightly ash cans in sight, and no more dis-
agreeable shoveling of dirty ashes — put a Sharp
Rotary Ash Receiver in your cellar.

It keeps ashes stored out of sight beneath the
cellar floor with one can always under the ash pit.
Space adjacent to the heater room can be made use-
ful for a laundry, a billiard room, or recreation room.

That dreaded daily unpleasant task of shovelling
ashes is reduced to a simple matter of raking ashes
through the hole in the pit into the can beneath.

The above illustration Is
a view of the receivers
with cover plates removed
showing the cans mounted
on the revolving steel
frame

The illustration shows how it is placed
and how easily operated. Nothing gets
out of order. You can install any of
the three sizes — five, eight or twelve
cans with any size or style heater. The
cans are mounted on a revolving steel
frame in a cement pit under the cellar
floor. Several weeks' accumulation of
ashes are kept out of sight.

Write at once for our latest booklet
which tells how it takes the work out of
handling ashes, and how easily it is
installed.

Sharp Rotary Ash Receiver Corp.

601 Bridge Street

Springfield, Mass.

New York Office
50 East 42nd Street

Tree Fruits to Plant This Spring

(Continued from page 100)

far more neat and occupying no more
space than a line of well pruned grape
vines. For this latter purpose it is ad-
visable to set in a line of solid posts
strung with horizontal strands of heavy
wire a foot apart to which the branches
of the trees can be fastened.

Several of the leading nurseries carry
espalier fruit trees, and unless you care
to go to considerable trouble it will be
better for you to get these than to try
developing your own. The shape of the
espalier tree must be determined in the
early stages of its growth — a matter
which calls for experience and close at-
tention to specialized details. Once the
form is well established, however, as in
the case of the trained trees offered for
sale, you will not find it difficult to keep
it developing along the right lines.

While we are on the subject of nurs-
ery stock, let me urge you strongly to
be guided in the selection of your fruit
tree varieties by the advice of some re-
liable grower who is familiar with the
conditions in your particular locality.
There are hundreds of varieties of
apples, peaches, pears and others, but
not many of them would succeed the
country over. Variations in soil, cli-
mate and so on must be taken into con-
sideration when making selections. And
to help you in this choice no one is
better equipped or more willing than
the nurseryman of national reputation.
It is to his interest as well as yours that
you derive the maximum of satisfaction
from the trees you buy and plant. The
State Experiment Stations, and the U. S.
Department of Agriculture at Washing-

ton, are other sources of valuable in-
formation.

Whereas many are in favor of plant-
ing all except the "pit" fruit trees
(peaches, cherries, plums and apricots)
in the autumn, they can be successfully
set out in the early spring before active
growth starts. The soil should be well
drained and moderately rich, and in dig-
ging the holes you must make them
amply large to accommodate the roots
without crowding or any derangement
of their naturally spreading form. Set
each tree about two inches deeper than
it has been growing, but fill in the soil
only to that point on the trunk which
marks the former ground level. This
will leave the tree surrounded by a shal-
low basin which will serve to catch and
hold the rain-water rather than let it
run off.

When the hole is dug, set the tree in
the center of it, perfectly vertical and
with the roots spread out naturally.
Hold it thus with one hand, and with a
spade in the other, shovel in enough soil
to cover the roots and hold the tree in
position. Soak this thoroughly with
water to settle it into every nook and
cranny, and let it stand for an hour.
Then fill in three or four more inches
of earth and tramp it down firmly on
all sides, being especially careful that
the trunk of the tree remains straight
and upright. Finally, fill in to the
proper level, tramp down, water thor-
oughly, and cover the surface with litter
leaves or some similar material until the
roots really take hold and the tree leafs
out.

The Rose in America Today

(Continued from page 88)

to see the far more extended use of good
roses as shrubs and lawn objects.

But American hybridizers are not be-
hind with the recurrent-blooming hybrid
tea roses. In purely garden sorts we
are well ahead, for the 1921 award of
the Bagatelle trials in Paris was to
Miss Lolita Armour, a rose of won-
derful coloring originated by Howard
& Smith, of Los Angeles. This gold
medal, the world's highest award for a
rose, is the second in five years coming
to America, and to the same grower.
Mr. Howard took similar honors in 1917
for his Los Angeles rose.

Probably twice as many roses are
grown under glass in America for my
lady's corsage as in all the rest of the
world combined. A rough estimate two
years ago put the quantity at not less
than a hundred million blooms. The
urge for new varieties is consequently
strong, and great rosarians are continu-
ally at their patient work. The high
standard set, and the high basis of
commercial honor assumed, appeared
in the late fall of 1917 when one grower,
who had announced a wonderful new
pink rose, and had sold to florists who
took his word more than a hundred
thousand plants for early delivery, with-
drew the variety and canceled the sales
because the variety had developed a
curious variation in color and habit.

It is known that other new roses in
this class are coming. They are not of
immediate interest to the garden-grower
of roses, though some of these florists'
roses develop, or escape, successfully into
the garden. For example, Columbia is
now a very beautiful and vigorous gar-
den rose, as it has gotten outdoors from
its greenhouse triumph. Premier is an-

other of these good escapes, and the
favorite Ophelia came to America to
live indoors, now finding our gardens
quite congenial.

The year 1922 will witness the general
trial of several new foreign roses, doing
well in Europe, but purely a gamble
in America. Someone will probably
worry through the Quarantine 37 regu-
lations a German rose, Reinhard Ba-
decker, which is claimed to be a "yel-
low Frau Karl Druschki," a claim that
is exceedingly important if true! A
prominent American grower is prepared
to send out the chef-d'oeuvre of the
greatest French rosarian, Monsieur Jules
Pernet-Ducher, who has named this
clear yellow hybrid tea for the loved
son he gave to France, Souvenir de
Claudius Pernet.

England and Ireland have many new
roses, but not one in twenty-five ever
catches on in America. This is because
they are bred in and for a climate very
different from ours. The humid air of
Britain does not prepare roses for the
American Sahara of the Middle States in
summer, nor for the alternate zero
winds and brilliant sunshine of our
winters. It is for this reason that the
American Rose Society is earnestly fos-
tering the trial gardens for the testing
under our conditions of these new can-
didates for favor, and is as earnestly
favoring the promoting of the produc-
tion of roses in America by Americans
for America. There is no narrow sec-
tionalism in this latter position ; it is a
position of necessity, of justice to the
rose.

The rose in America is decidedly up-
to-date in 1922, and it is rapidly gam-
ing in quality, position and prevalence.

March, 1922

103

We grow Nursery Stock to suit
every requirement

We have a complete stock of Evergreen and Deciduous
Trees and Shrubs, as well as Roses, Vines and Perennials.
A small section of our Evergreens is shown above. A copy
of our "Handbook of General Information on Trees and
Hardy Plants" will be gladly mailed upon request.

One. <J$ay <Statt J&

w. H.WYMAN &, son , Proprietors

urpees

The first waved Sweet Pea in existence was intro-
duced to America by Burpee. Burpee's Sweet Peas
are a revelation of daintiness and beauty.

They are recognized the world over as the
standard of excellence.

Burpee's Dollar Box

of Sweet Peas contains sixteen regular large size
packets of all the most popular varieties in sepa-
rate colors. Burpee's Dollar Box is the greatest
value it is possible to obtain in Sweet Peas. It
contains a large packet each of the following :

Burpee's
Dollar Box

King White

Glistening pure white
Floradale Fairy

Duplex deep cream
Hercules

The finest deep pink
George Herbert

Magnificent rich rose
Helen Lewis

Intense crimson orange
Royal Purple

Truly a royal purple
Jack Cornwall, V. C.

Rich velvety blue

White edged scarlet pink

Margaret Atlee

Rich cream pink
Mrs. Townsend

White and blue picotee
King Edward

A giant crimson.
Margaret Madison

Ijjti-KL- azure blue
The President

DazzliiiK orange scarlet
Mrs. G. W. Bishop

Beautiful salmon cerise
Orchid

The finest lavender
Roslna

Pastel Rose

of Sweet Peas will be mailed postpaid for $1.00. If purchased separately
these Sweet Pea seeds would cost $1.75. Send a dollar today and Burpee's
Dollar Box of Sweet Peas will come to your door by return mail.

Burpee's Annual is the Leading American Seed Catalog.
It will be mailed to you free upon request.

Atlee Burpee Co.

Seed Growers Philadelphia.

Beautiful Cosmos

Flaming its profusion of beautiful bloom it remains
the glory of the garden, most appreciated after more
tender flowers have surrendered to the early frosts.

Send for our free catalog. It lists only the choicest
strains of many varieties of bulbs, seeds and shrubs.
We especially recommend our offerings of Sweet Peas,
Asters, Dahlias, Gladioli, Hardy Perennials, Orna-
mental Shrubs and Vegetable Seeds; they please the
most discriminating grower.

Send jor the catalog now.

Fottler Fiske Rawson Co.
Boston, Mass.

Wagner^Jlowers

can make your garden a real
delight by selecting from our wide
assortment of roses, hardy flowers,
shrubs and ornamental trees. It is pos-
sible to plan for your entire garden
with Wagner Flowers and Plants. Our
landscape experts are prepared to fur-
nish simple plans for your guidance, or
handle all details of planting.

Please ivritc for Wagner Illustrated Catalog No. 293.
It is free.

THE WAGNER PARK NURSERIES

Box 93 SIDNEY, OHIO

104

House & Garden

The Insignia of the
World's largest
maker of All-Clay
Plumbing Fixtures

Price as shown

$108.35

Or with Mahogany
Seat

$99.60

F.O.B. Trenton

Water Closets

for Every Place and Purse

YOU will never be proud of a bathroom that
contains an inferior water closet. It will too
quickly become foul and subject to repairs
through faulty operation. If you are building a
home or remodeling, give this subject your first
attention.

The Silent Si-wel-clo is the leader of a group of
Water Closets which The Trenton Potteries Com-
pany has developed to meet all types of building
construction from the big hotel to the modest
bungalow.

We, of course, consider the Silent Si-wel-clo the
most desirable. It suppresses a noise you do not
want heard and do not want to hear. For those
who cannot afford it, we make other good closets.
Into our "Welling," "Merit" and "Saxon" we have
merged as many of the excellencies of the Silent
Closet as was possible. Each in its class and at its
price is the best the market affords. Each is equipped
with a tank of glistening white china, with surface
unaffected by stain, acid or soil, and trouble-proof
working parts.

Send for our Plan Books on Plumbing, Edition H

THE TRENTON POTTERIES COMPANY

TRENTON, NEW JERSEY, U. S. A.

BOSTON NEW YORK SAN FRANCISCO

The new snapdragon Indian
Summer is a glossy copper color
and very large flowered. In
size it suggests a modern gladi-
olus. Courtesy of Max Schling

Mandalay is a pale violet self-
color iris, tall and free flower-
ing, with the fragrance of a
water-lily. Courtesy of the Glen
Road Iris Gardens

FLOWER NOVELTIES OF MERIT

Some More of the 1922 Offerings
Which Deserve Particular Notice

A remarkably large,
upstanding white
dahlia is Queen of the
Singles. National
Show Gardens

A new primulinus
type gladiolus is Sal-
mon Beauty, deep
salmon with yellow
throat. A.E.Kunderd

White Star is a true
white black-s e e de d
sweet pea of excellent
size and flowering
habit. W. Atlee
Burpee Co.

March, 1922

105

Roses

from

Rosedale

Will Bloom This Very
Summer

OUR heavy, two-year-old, field-grown
Roses will produce a fine lot of
A blooms in June. And if you include some
Ever-blooming Teas or Hybrid Teas you
will continue to enjoy the beauty and fragrance of the
"Queen of Flowers" throughout the summer and early fall.
There are Rosedale Roses suitable for every purpose, fragrant long-
stemmedTeas forcutting, hardy climbing Roses for the embankment
or the garden wall and stately Tree Roses for the formal garden.

Other Rosedale Specialties

EVERGREENS in 70 varieties and many sizes, up to 25 feet.

Frequent transplanting assures compact root-systems that stand

moving well.

FRUIT and ORNAMENTAL TREES and SHRUBS in great

variety including extra sizes for immediate effect.

Meet us at the Rosedale Nurseries booth, International Flower

Show, Grand Central Palace, Mar. 13-19.

We issue two helpful catalogs February and August. Send us

your name and address.

I^Xff'Out fitters for the_Home Grounds'"!
5. G. Harris Box H Tarrytown, New York

(OSEDALE

Write

today

for

free

catalogue

Mary Steffenson

So beautifully distinct
from any other dahlia.
The soft colors and tints
blend so harmoniously.
The most exquisitely
formed flowers are car-
ried so gracefully, erect
to facing, on the long cane stiff stems. Size, six to eight inches. Color
at base of petal, citron yellow, outer half creamy white, both yellow
and white mottled and overspread rosolane pink. Many petals showing
faint yellow along mid-vein. All dusted over with tiny glistening
crystal-like particles, as of gold dust. An ideal dahlia for cutting,
garden and for exhibition. Roots $5.00 each.

That you may know our dahlias we make the following

SPECIAL INTRODUCTORY OFFERS

5 beautiful Cactus Dahlias $1.00

5 grand Decorative Dahlias $ 1 .00

2 Giant Century, 2 unique Collarettes, 2 Ball. 6 in all $1.00

5 Peony Dahlias, $1.00, 1 Pkt. new Decorative Dahlia Seed $1.00

Above 5 offers, each Dahlia carefully labeled, true to name, and my book
on The Dahlia, all postpaid for $5.00

OUR NEW CATALOGUE, THE WORLD'S BEST DAHLIAS, not only shows Mary
Steffenson, Queen Elizabeth, Golden West Cactus and 9 new Century Dahlias
in natural colors, but tells the plain truth about the best new and standard
varieties, including 12 wonderful new creations, now offered for the first time.

THE LEADING DAHLIA CATALOGUE. FREE
Write today. A post card will bring you a copy by return mail.

PEACOCK DAHLIA FARMS

Berlin We are the largest in the world New Jersey

Again Ten-Ten Strikes The Hour

Listen you garden lovers, and you can hear it, but
with the inner ear only.

Hark, and as the robin hears the worm, you too
by uplifted head and quickened pulse, will know the
hour has struck.

For garden planning time, almost planting time,
is here.

And that means, Ten-Ten time.

The 1922 Ten-Ten Book is ready for you. Bound
in its happy covers, you will find help and suggestions
for every part of your garden plan.

For those of you, who have already used the
Ten-Ten, your copy is waiting.

For you who have not yet learned to depend on
Ten-Ten, send for your copy today, and see what a
really helpful thing a garden catalog can be, and what
a lot of contentment you'll get from ordering wisely
for your early planting.

fjjuliuy

J At Hv> Si&i of The T»>

1 Box 60 KutK.rford NJ.

Farr's Flowering Shrubs

and Perennials, for Spring

Spring-time is planting time for nearly all favorite flowering shrubs —
Philadelphus, Deutzia, Cqtoncaster, Hydrangea, and many other rare
and interesting shrub specialties.

So, too, spring is the time to plan for the garden favorites — Irises,
Phloxes, Delphiniums, and many others from hundreds of new and old-
time varieties that are grown here in Wyomissing.

This comprehensive collection of perennials, shrubs, evergreens and
rock plants is fully described tn

Farr's Hardy Plant Specialties ""HSf"'

A real handbook for amateur and professional gardeners.
Contains 132 pages of text and illustrations ; shows in natural
colors and photographic reproductions many rare Irises,
Peonies, Chrysanthemums, Aquilegias, and Lilacs. Too valuable
and costly for promiscuous distribution, but will be mailed to
any address for $1, which may be deducted from the first order
amounting to $10 for plants, trees, or shrubs.

BERTRAND H. FARR, Wyomissing Nurseries Co.
106 Garfield Avenue Wyomissing, Penna.

106

House & Garden

*•••••• BSBinsba » • B H • « r • » B • c •-' • «•••••

<SsfaJblished j 8 2 8 S

!i- » r. » «i 6 •»« •» K • « 5 • .- t •'! !£ •» • •(»•••••••

NKS

Without Legs —

Authorities may differ in regard to the exact
height, but there is no question as to the advan-
tages of the sink without legs where height is
entirely optional. The unobstructed floor
appeals irresistibly. It is in line with mod-
ern ideas. The wall hung sink is entirely
practicable and it has come to stay.

Of course, adjustable legs are furnished if
desired, but Mott Enameled Iron Kitchen
Sinks of all sizes are designed to hang on any
type of wall with absolute security, and with-
out legs.

The same high quality and moderate prices
that characterize Mott Bathroom Equipment
are evident in Mott kitchen sinks. Write for
full description and prices.

Address Department A

'Die J.L.MOTT IRON WORKS, Trenton,^.}.

NEW YORK, Fifth Avenue and Seventeenth Street

Branch Offices and Showrooms

•Boston

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•Salt Lake City

•Chicago

•New Orleans

Newark, N. J.

•Lincoln, Neb.

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Pittsburgh

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•Detroit

•Washington , D. C.

*St. Paul. Minn.

•Toledo

"('olumbus, O.

Fargo, N. D.

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Houston. Texas

Sioux Falls, S. D.

•Dayton, Ohio

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MOTT COMPANY, Limited
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MOTT CO. of PENNA.
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Charlotte, N. C.
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•San Francisco
Los Angeles

•Showrooms equipped with model bathrooms

NOTES OF THE GARDEN CLUBS

THE Garden Club of Pasadena, or-
ganized in 1917 and of which
Mrs. H. I. Stuart is the President,
has 60 active members, men and women,
and one honorary member, who meet
once a month — generally excepting July.
August, and December — throughout the
year. A brief portion of the program
is devoted to seasonable horticultural
subjects, an hour of the remaining time
being occupied, aside from necessary
business, by speakers on topics such as:
"How Gardens Appear to an Artist",
Mr. Ralph Clarkson of Chicago; "The
Gardens of China", with slides, Mr. Rex
Wheeler of a Pekin College; "What
England Can Teach Us About Garden-
ing", Mr. William Tyler Miller; and
original "Poems on Wild Flowers", read
by Mrs. James Stratton Porter.

Other speakers are drawn from among
the local horticulturists and landscape
architects. Tea is served after the close
of the program and the gardens are en-
joyed.

Instead of holding its own flower
shows the Garden Club cooperates with
the Horticultural Society's shows, held
twice a year, contributing funds, part
of which are given only on condition
that the exhibits shall be marked with
both the botanical and common names.

Among the special features of the
many lovely gardens of members may be
mentioned the acacia blooming in va-
riety during the winter months, followed
by Ceanothus (California lilac) on the
estate of Mr. and Mrs. M. Cochrane
Armour; the cacti of Mr. Benjamin
Fenton; a collection of begonia at Mrs.
J. C. Fitzgerald's; and interesting types
of landscaping, as the Japanese, Italian,
informal cottage, colonial, hillside, Eng-
lish, and one planting arranged as a
setting for outdoor plays. This last at
Miss Flora Harper's.

The Gard.cn Club has interested the
City Commissioners and Forest Rangers
in suppressing signs and "fraternity
letters" in the interest of preserving the
beauty of the mountainsides. The Com-
missioners have also been asked to allow
the Club to plant a large tract of land
with native California trees, shrubs and
flowers, forming an Arboretum, and
the Wild Flower Committee is also
planting wild flowers in the City parks.

A committee of the Garden, 'Club
lends aid to the Community Players,
arranging the decorations required, all
the flowers and greenery being brought
from the members' own gardens. Sev-
eral members have written for publica-
tion, among them Mr. Charles Francis
Saunders, author of "Western Wild
Flower Guide," "Useful Wild Plants of
the United States and Canada," etc.

Garden Club of Spring Lake,
N. J., whose President is Missi
Anne Hinchman of Philadelphia,
was founded in 1914, and has 21 mem-
bers, summer residents of Sea Girt and
Spring Lake, most of whom do personal
work in their gardens.

Meetings begin in June and close in
September, being held as much as pos-
sible in the gardens. Im 1921 Dr. John
W. Harsherger, of the University of
Pennsylvania spoke to the Club, with
slides, of the Dunes and Dune Plants;
Mrs. Mary La Boiteaux read a paper on
Gardens in Poetry, and Dr. Thomas J.
Headlee, State Entomologist of New
Jersey, gave an address on The Gypsy
Moth and Other Garden Pests, and
How to Treat Them. Mrs. Carl Roeb-
ling, one of the members, was to have
read a paper on Some Observations on
South America, but was unable to carry
out her plan. Mrs. Willard C. Brinton
delivered an address, with colored slides,
on A Gardener in the Orient, and Mrs.
William E. Green presented a paper on
The Romance of Our Trees.

One field day was passed in visiting
the gardens of members of the Rumson
Garden Club. The most important

plans for the year have been forming an
herbarium, each member being expected
to assist in this work; public planting,
and giving garden books to libraries.
The President, Miss Hinchman, did the
illustrations for "Nantucket Wild Flow-
ers," by Alice O. Albertson. The printed
program of the Club quotes from Alfred
Austin, closing with "Show me your gar-
den, provided it be your own, and I
will tell you what you are like."

THE Garden Club of Paducah, Ken-
tucky, was organized in May,
1921, by Mrs. George Flournoy,
the President, in whose gardens most
of the meetings have been held — weekly
to June, and bi-weekly in September
and October. The active membership
is limited to 25, and an interest in pro-
tecting native plants, trees and birds is
required, in addition to a personal care
of gardens.

During June and July the program of
the meetings is social, associate men
members attending and different neigh-
borhood groups arranging the enter-
tainments; but the spring and fall
meetings are devoted to study. Mrs.
Flournoy has developed her own coun-
try place with rather an experimental
planting to test the adaptability of va-
rious forms of vegetation to the climatic
conditions of Kentucky.

When the club was only three weeks
old it arranged a peony show with 68
entries in the windows of a department
store, and sold flowers on Mothers' Day
for the benefit of a day-nursery. In
July a bird bath competition was held.
A field day was devoted to visiting an
undeveloped Forest Park when the
President of the Park Board offered the
landscape architect's plans for consid-
eration.

The most important work and plans
of the club are securing the endorsement
of the City Commissioners for the
adopting of spring bulbs, iris, peonies,
Dorothy Perkins roses and hardy chrys-
anthemums as official flowers for Padu-
cah; the planting of them being super-
vised by the club, which plans to hold
exhibitions of these flowers. A settlement
is to receive the proceeds of sales of
plants and bulbs, and in December a
flower booth was to be managed at the
Bazaar of the Woman's Club.

THE Garden Club of Ridgewood,
Long Island, whose president is Mrs.
Edward J. Smith, was founded in 1918
and has 55 members. Meetings are held
bi-monthly, one for business and one
social meeting. Although the gardens
are all small, during the War 25,000
vegetable plants were given away. The
Fox Hills Hospital has also been visited
and cigarettes, etc., taken to the wound-
ed soldiers. In 1919 a Community
Christmas Tree costing $200 was plant-
ed and is lighted by electricity during
holiday week.

>TpHE Garden Club of Richmond,
Mass., of which the founder, Mrs.
W. Rockwood Gibbs, is the Presi-
dent, was organized in May, 1916, and
is composed of about 30 women mem-
bers, who meet fortnightly from May to
October, inclusive. The program is con.
ducted without outside aid, and the
topics were almost exclusively horti-
cultural in 1921. At the opening meeting,
in May, the President explained the
Different Means of Plant Propagation,
and presented the Club with printed
copies of the program for the season,
briefly and artistically set forth in a
convenient card form.

In June, Mrs. Colt told of Rock Gar-
dens; in July the Culture of Mushrooms
was treated by Mrs. Williams, and in
September Miss Plunkett spoke on The
Gardens of Holland. The most impor-
tant plan of the club is the preservation
of the wild flowers.

ELLEN P. CUNNINGHAM.

March, 1922

GRAPES

From Your Own Garden

CAN'T you picture them — their rich,
fruity fragrance, the velvety bloom
of some and the pearl-like luster of
others, the fullness of their unmarred
clusters ? Can't you taste their aro-
matic sweetness, pleasantly refreshing
and stimulating as only home-grown
fruit can be ?

You can have such grapes, right on
your own table, from your own trellis
or arbor. Their vines need not occupy
much space, nor will they call for
special soi 1 or expert care. If you
make a selection from this list, your
satisfaction will be assured.

RED: Lutie— This will be the first red grape
on your table. Large in bnth bunch and
berry. Flesh tender and juicy, sweet and
sprightly. Splendid for making jelly or
juice. $1.50 each.

Lucile — The handsomest bunch of all
grapes. Berries large, compact. Skin thin
but tough, making it a good shipper and
keeper. Exceedingly productive. Fine for
jelly. $1.50 each.

B LAC K : . Concord — America's most popular
grape. Excellent flavor, hardy, healthy and
splendid for the table or juice. Ripens in
midseason. $1.00 each.

Campbell's Early— Flesh pulpy and tender,
sugary and aromatic flavor. Enormous
bunch and berry and a good keeper.
Ripens early. $1.50 each.

WHITE: Niagara — The standard white
grape. Very large, handsome clusters. Flesh
firm and juicy, flavor of the best. Extremely
productive. Mere words will not do justice
to tliis grape. Try some for yourself. $1.25.

Write for Catalog

T. S. HUBBARD COMPANY

Grape Vine Specialist*
Box No. 35 Freclonia, N. Y.

. 1% QUALITY^

LA\VN MOWER

It's better to find

out what Pennsylvania
Quality means before
you buy a mower than
afterwards.

Any dealer can tell you
why it is the most eco-
nomical and most satis-
factory mower made.
If he can't, ask the man
who owns one.

Hardware
Dealers

and
Seedsmen

OUTS

EACH pleasant hour
you spent in your
garden last summer
brought you closer to
your ideal garden. You
are now keener in ap-
preciation of fine strains,
better able to choose
wisely.

You are ready for the
greater pleasure of your
next garden, planted
with S. & H. high-quality
shrubs, trees, plants,
vines, flower and vege-
table seeds, the product
of 68 years of skilled
culture.

Be sure to send tonight for our new catalog.

Seedsmen

Box 164

Nurserymen
Painesville, Ohio

Shrubs, Ornamentals,
Vines and<3ruit<3r&QS.

These fast growing, healthy plants with the wonderfully developed root
systems which enable you to quickly add beauty, dignity and charm tr:
your lawn and garden are grown in our Upland Nursery, the largest in
New York State, under ideal climate conditions. Guaranteed to give
absolute satisfaction and sold to you at cost plus one profit only.
We give our personal attention to every step in the production of our stock
from budding to shipping, and know just what we are sending you and that
our varieties bear and bloom true to name.

Send today for our free descriptive catalogue, the illustrations and accurate
descriptions in which will enable you to select the planting which just meets
your individual needs,

We prepay transportation charges on all orders for over $7.50

Maloney Bros. & Wells Co., 6 State Street, Dansville, N. Y.

The Wonderful Paul's Scarlet Climber

Vivid scarlet, slightly crimson, it makes a
brilliant display for a long time. A strong
grower, free from mildew, diseases and insects.
By cutting back it can be made a beautiful bush
rose. Plants from 2V pots, 30c, 4 for'$1.00,
postpaid. 2 year old plants, 90c each, $9.00 per
dozen; large specimen plants, $1.50 each. By
express, with soil on roots. Plants on their
own roots.

Our "New Guide to Rose Culture"
for 1922. It's FREE

Illustrates wonderful "Dlnjtee Roses" in natural colors.
The lifetime experience of the Oldest and Leading Hose
Growers in America. Offers 500 varieties Roses and other
plaiite. bulbs and seeds and tells how to grow them.
Edition limited.

INARH rn

West Grove. Pa

107

WHAT YOU CAN
DO IN MARCH

A Personal Message

from Henry Hicks

A TALK ON TIME-SAVING TREES

As early as the year 1870 Hicks Nurseries
were moving large trees for such estates as
that of Charles A. Dana, and for such com-
munities as the famed Garden City on Long
Island. The well-known, exclusive Meadow-
brook Club was not established until ten
years later, and only a few years passed be-
fore the members commenced the planting
of large parks and landscapes.
In those years Hicks Nurseries big trees
brought very high prices because of the scar-
city of them, but as we began to grow them
in quantity for smaller places we were able
to lower the prices. We now have a plentiful
supply of time-saving trees ready and wait-
ing to beautify your place as their pre-
decessors did those other places fifty-odd
years ago.

We have been growing these trees for many
years: — awaiting your order to have them
transplanted to your place.

Loading a 20 year old shade tree

You can have them delivered and planted
today at prices which are not expensive
when you consider the time required for
ordinary small trees to reach their size and
effectiveness. We guarantee them to grow
satisfactorily, whether you live close enough
to our nurseries to have them delivered by
truck, or as far away as Detroit and Louis-
ville..

WHAT THEY COST

Norway Maples

Sugar

European IJcec'h
Sweet Gum
Tulip Tree
Pin Oak

15
17
20
15
16
17
17

]S'-22'

lS'-22'

24'-26'

Hi'

14'

18'

IS'

wide
'' dlam.

Swamp White Oak
Silver Leaf Linden

Pines

Douglas Spruce

17 18'

18 20'

Each

dlam. $15
$40
$80

' " $15
$50
$25
$25

4'/fe" " $35

formerly $50

5" dlun. $50

formerly $75

414" dlam. $45

5" " $40

formerly $55

$20

$40

formerly $75

Big Evergreens that .lave you 12 year*

Our catalog tells a lot more about these
trees and the other plant material In which
we specialize. It is a guide to home grounds
which will give -you new -Ideas of what can
be done around your particular home.
And remember —

If you love a plant, you can make

it live any time.

(Signed) Henry Hicks

HICKS NURSERIES

tprnration Number

108

House &• Garde

DI RECTORYg/DECORATlON 8 Fl N E ARTS

The Little Gallery

Table Decorations

Italian and Spanish Linens

Special Decorations in Wedgwood

Italian Pottery and Venetian Glass.

FOUR EAST 48th STREET
NEW YORK CITY

MACBRIDE

"THE HOUSK OF THIIKK OABLKS"

IT WEST S 1ST srr., NEW YORK

Silk and Filet

Table Scarf

£18.00

Individual
Toilet Mirror

6.00

Engraved

Mirror,

|6o.oo

36 inches square

These tea cloths of assorted patterns
made of San Pablo and flne Irish linens,
hand drawn (filet tire) are $20. A set
of six napkins is priced $15. And there
are bridge sets and breakfast sets
equally attractive and moderately priced.
Send for Catalogue

Above is a wide
panel that would
make an effect-
ive over - door
decoration in a
room devoid of
color. The bril-
liant birds add
interest. It was
done by Arthur
Lasslow

Against cool
paneled, walls
this modern
flower painting
with all the mer-
its of an 18th
Century one
provides just the
amount of color
necessary. By
Arthur Lasslow

Over Mantel and Door Decorations

(Continued from page 82)

and color of hangings, upholstery and
rugs.

If however, one desires decorative
walls and does not care for an elaborate
all-over design, it is possible to intro-
duce color and variety at certain in-
tervals, for instance, in those conspicu-
ous spaces over the mantel and door
that cry out for decorative treatment
of some sort.

The fireplace grouping is the central
point of interest in a room. Here pso-
ple gather instinctively and here furni-
ture should be arranged for comfort
and convenience. The space above the
mantel is of prime importance and with
careful decorative handling becomes a
spot of central interest. The decoration,
whatever it be, should accord in scale
with the size of the space to be filled.
An unusual and lovely over-mantel pic-
ture besides being of intrinsic value
must be in harmony with the surround-

ing architecture to achieve its purpose
of symmetry and beauty.

There is a wide choice of subjects for
the space above the fireplace. Quite
the most effective is an old portrait suit-
ably framed, the soft, warm tones of
long ago colors coming to life again in
the mellow play of firelight. Architec-
tural and landscape paintings are at-
tractive in certain types of interiors and
mirrors are always good, tending as they
do to enlarge the room.

The most charming of all the over-
mantel decorations are the fruit and
flower paintings of the 18th Century.
These lend themselves to many types
of rooms, the mellow, antique effect of
once brilliant colors in no way inter-
fering with practically any scheme of
furnishing. Also a panel showing a pro-
fusion of graceful blossoms makes the
ideal over-door decoration, two examples
of which are shown on these pages.

1/7 *Vf1*U*la nt

The MILCH

GALLERIES

'Mother and Child" by George de Forest Brual

AMERICAN
PAINTINGS
and SCULPTURE

108 West 57th Street, New York

•Cke NEW YORK SCHOOL of
INTERIOR DECORATION-'

Id PARK. AVE -NEW YORK. CITY

Correspond

ence

Courses

Complete instruction by cor-
respondence in the use of
period styles, color narmony,
composition, etc. Course in
Home Decoration for ama-
teurs. Course for profes-
sionals. An agreeable and
lucrative profession. Start
any time.

Send for Catalogue H.

AN unusual scrap basket is painted
black with flowers in brilliant
colors. It may also be had in other
combinations. The price is $5. It
may be purchased through the
Shopping Service of

HOUSE & GARDEN

19 West 44th Street

New York

/louse ^Garden

•**>.-.'•

Good Furniture
Fascinates

The graceful, artistic lines of Elgin
A. Simonds Company Furniture provide
a never-ending source of admiration in
your home.

The elegance of detail and beauty of
design give to your rooms a distinctive
atmosphere of good taste and refinement.

For practical assistance with your
problems you may feel free to call upon
the services of our Department of In-
terior Design.

Write for our illustrated Book-
let "H" on Furnishing the Home.

lain ASimonds

J Company

SYRACUSE N.Y.

April , 1922

House £? Garden

DESIRABLE THINGS IN MAY

ACOXSTAXTLY amazing fact about Amer-
ica is that this country is composed of so
vast a number of Varied peoples, living in
so many varied climates and varied locations
which have produced equally varied expression^
in the architecture of homes, the furnishing of
interiors and the making of gardens. Il is dif-
ficult to put your finger on any one thing, except
the kitchen and the bathroom and say, "That is
distinctly American." Each big area in this coun-
try has its own interpretation of architectural
styles. Thus, the three houses from Dallas, shown
in the May number, are quite different from
houses of that kind one finds in Kansas City. The
two houses in the characteristic English style of
Mr. Harrie T. Lindeberg, appearing in this num-
ber, are quite different from an English inter-
pretation found in Pennsylvania and designed by
a Philadelphia architect. The garden of George
Eastman, in Rochester, N. Y., is amazingly dif-
ferent from the Hudson River garden of Laurence
Bottomley, the architect. And so it goes. This
May issue will contain, among other desirable
things, quite an interesting field for contrasts in

Among the verandahs that
do not of end is this one,
shown in the May number

American styles of architecture and gardening.

It will be another lively issue. We are trying
to make each new number livelier than the pre-
ceding, and it often makes us wonder if we can
keep up the speed. For example, it begins with
an article on verandahs, not the ordinary, three-
meals-a-day sort of verandah, but types that are
removed from the curse of the commonplace and
ugly. After this a Boston decorator contributes
advice on the furnishing of the summer home.
Still another has some unusual table decorations
for the country house. And a third decorator
writes practical instructions on the making and
use of slip covers.

This number is called "Spring Furnishing."
Consequently there will be a page of the newest
chintzes for that house in the country and two
other pages of willow, wicker, reed and other
accessories for furnishing the porch. Meantime,
outdoors the garden work grows apace and we
try to keep up with it by writing on the enemies
of ornamental trees, the third of our tree series,
on windowledge gardening, on hybridizing flowers
and in the Gardener's Calendar.

Contents for April. li)22. Volume XLI, No. Four

COVER DESIGN BY B. W. TOMLIN

EDITORIAL — THEATRICALS AT HOME 31

Ix A WOODLAND GARDEN 32

Marian C. Coffin, Landscape Architect
DECORATIVE REFLECTIONS 33

Nancy McClelland
THE GARDEN OF GEORGE J. DYER, XORFOLK, CT 36

Marian C. Coffin, Landscape Architect
THE SEMI-CENTENNIAL OF ARBOR DAY 38

Robert S. Lemmon

THE DISTINCTIVE TOUCH OF ADAM 39

CURTAINS THAT HELP SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF DIFFICULT WIN-
DOWS 40

Elsie Cobb Wilson
THE STORY OF LACQUER 42

T. T. Curtis
REVIVING THE SPIRIT OF WILLIAM MORRIS 43

Lionel Robertson

THE NEW SWIMMING HOLE

Ruth Dean
LAMPS FOR DAY AND NIGHT

Elsie de Wolje
RESTFUL COLOUR IN THE BEDROOM

Weymer Mills
A LITTLE PORTFOLIO OF GOOD INTERIORS.

PUEBLO — AN AMERICAN ARCHITECTURE

Alida F. Sims
TREES TO PLANT ALONG THE STREET

H. Stuart Ortlofl

ANNUALS FOR CUTTING

QUAINT CORNERS

BUILDING THE DOUBLE BORDER

John L. Rea
USING STRIPES IN DECORATION

Ethel Davis Seal

Two EXAMPLES OF THE WORK OF Guv LOWELL, ARCHITECT.
THE CARE OF HOUSEHOLD EQUIPMENT

Ethel R. Peyser
PAINTED DOORS OF PRIVACY

Caroline Duer
IF You ARE GOING To BUILD

Mary Fanton Roberts
THE DURABLE AND PICTURESQUE QUALITIES OF BRICK

Henry Compton
WHY NOT PLAN A FRUIT GARDEN ?

B. Francis Dashiell
VEGETABLES AND VITAMINES

Adolph Kruhm

FURNISHINGS FOR THE NURSERY

THE GARDENER'S CALENDAR

52
54

55
56
58

61
64

65
66
68
69
70

72
74

Subscribers are notified that no change of address can
be effected in less than one month.

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House & Garden

\ftctrola instruments are made

for use
with Victor records

Not Victor records alone,
nor yet the Victrola alone, but
both together bring about the
perfect musical result. This is
fully evident when you play
Victor records on Victrola
instruments. In no other way
can you get such lifelike re-
productions, nor reproduc-
tions which meet the approval
of the artists themselves*

Victrolas $25 to $1500.
New Victor Records demon-
strated at all dealers in Victor
products on the 1st of each
month.

Victrola No. 330, $350
Victrola No. 330, electric, $415

Victrola

"HIS MASTER'S VOICE" REG. U. S. PAT. OFF.

Important: Look for these trade-marks. Under the lid. On the label.

Victor Talking Machine Company

Camden, New Jersey

April, 1922

THEATRICALS

A T

HOME

The Walls of Our Rooms and the Furniture
About Us Should Be More Than Mere Stage Sets
Before Which We Make the Gestures of Living

THE other night I fell among decorators.
Said I to one, "I hear that you are srery busy these days, dec-
orating a lot of houses."

"Oh no," she corrected, "I'm not decorating them. I merely assist
in their decoration."

"But why the distinction?"

"Because the majority of my clientele are people highly intelligent
about decorating, furniture, colour and such. To decorate their houses
in the ordinary sense would be equivalent to writing an epitaph to their
intelligence. I feel that I am privileged to assist."

This reply struck me as the most hopeful bit of wisdom I had heard
in a long time. It indicated not only that people were beginning to
understand the elements of decoration but that decorators were begin-
ning to understand them also.

For decoration has come to a funny pass. Some of our rooms are
being decorated so skillfully that they actually give one the impression
of being lived in. All the illusion of real life that one gets on the stage
is being reflected in the home. Only on the stage life is much more
real — it has continuity and action, it goes from a beginning to an end,
whereas some of our smartly decorated interiors do not require that one
shall act before them; it is enough that one poses, creates a succession
of tableaux vivants.

THIS age of ours has immolated itself — and quite cheerfully — on
the altar of quantity production. It believes that good interiors
can be turned out in the same manner as Fords and cheap laundry soap.
We make cheap imitations of great Italian, French and English rooms,
thinking that we have re-created the originals — and we are trying to
live up to them. Hence the pose.

But unless one has created the room herself it is indeed difficult to
live up to even a cheap imitation of a great room. Something of the
spirit of the past still lingers in that descendant. It makes one's ges-
tures of living stiff and laughable, the way a marionette's gestures are
stiff and laughable.

BEHIND every room that is wonderful stands the personality of
some individual. The great rooms of the great periods were the
natural expression of great individuals. This same is true of every
room that is beautiful to look upon and comfortable to live in. The
individual creates the room, and not the room the individual. That
is why my decorator was so wise. She merely assists. But how many
of our decorators possess and exercise this wisdom? Decoration has
become so much the work of the decorator that one acquainted with
such things can take up a dozen photographs of a dozen rooms and tell
with fatal certainty that this was done by So-and-So and that one by
Mr. Blank.

All too many of our modern rooms are the expressions of the dec-
orator's individuality. The owner has little to do with it; she meekly
accepts another's judgment. And that other's judgment is restricted by
the dictates of prevailing modes. If the late Italian style is fashionable
at this time, she follows late Italian lines in her work. Two years from
now she will lie equally enthusiastic about early American interiors
or a revival of the smug mid- Victorian. In short, all too many of our

decorators have been creating stage sets, before which their clients are
supposed to make the gestures of living. It is rather hard on the clients.

THE great trouble lies in the fact that most of us either lack in-
dividuality or lack courage to express what little individuality
we have. We permit rooms to be imposed upon us. We have what
psycho-analysts call the inferiority complex.

The individual is rare. Individuals are not born every minute. Most
of us are commonplace, workaday folks. We are one of a series of
types and we live and play and think and decorate our houses the way
our peculiar type does. If our type elects to have blue dining rooms,
we all have blue dining rooms. And the god of quantity production
sees that we have them. If our type develops a penchant for the more
restrained French styles, we all develop a penchant for the more re-
strained French styles. And then, as if to condone our spineless sur-
render to these dictates of our type, we prate feverishly about their ar-
tistic lines and color harmonies.

OFTEN when I see people at auction sales, bidding for antiques, I
wonder if they really appreciate antiques or if, perhaps, they
aren't trying to satisfy a craving to give their homes the semblance of
being occupied by people who lived full lives. Even houses in which
veritable antiques comprise most of the furniture often seem to lack
this air of age. The antiques may compose beautifully, but still they
make only a stage set, a set sadly reminiscent of the past. When the
owner walks into such a room he seems out of place, so dwarfed is
he. His furniture is the most important thing in the room. He is a
stranger to it and it to him. He comes on, speaks his lines, makes his
gestures and then moves off the stage.

ALL rooms are more or less autobiographical. Their manner of
furnishing is a clearer indication of the person who lives in them
than even that person's face. Some of them are travesties, some very
beautiful manifestations of what those people really are.

The rooms in which we feel comfortable, natural, at ease, are in-
variably rooms that are a very part of their owners. And in nine cases
out of ten you will find that these rooms were not furnished and dec-
orated at one fell swoop; they are the gradual accumulation of a long
period. They have grown up, just as their owners have grown up, day
by day, year by year, becoming richer in experience and more kindly
disposed to those who come into them.

Such rooms cannot be created at once because, like life itself, they
are the result of acquiring and discarding, of letting the silly, futile and
ugly go, and putting in their place things that quicken the eye and
comfortably accommodate the body. The successful room is always in
a slow state of progress, in a pragmatic state, to use the philosopher's
term.

These rooms in which we all feel at home can never be perfect, and
that is well. To have to live in a perfect room would be as irritating as
having to live with a saint. The minor vices of the livable room make
it lovable. But we know, as we step across its threshold, that here is a
manifestation of reality. We know, as we turn our glance about, that
here is a spot where life is actually lived.

House &• Garden

ilealey

IN A WOODLAND GARDEN

The birch grove that surrounds the home of George
J. Dyer at Norfolk, Ct., gave inspiration for the mak-
ing oj the garden. It is laid out in a naturalistic
manner, as may be seen in further views on pages 36
and 37. This path leading up to the house winds
irregularly through the birches. The spaces are in-
terplanted with small hemlocks, spreading junipers,

some rose species, such as Harrison's yellow, spinos-
sissima and blanda, with cotoneasters bordering the
path. For colour, shade and moisture loving peren-
nials are used snakcroot, tall and low ferns, funkia,
Solomon's seal, meadow rite, false mitre-wort,
anemone and saxifrage. Arthus Nash was the archi-
tect, and Marian C. Coffin the landscape architect

April, 1922

DECORATIVE REFLECTIONS

While a Mirror Is a Vastly Mysterious Thing It Has a Definite Meaning and
Amply Serves Practical Purposes in Decoration

NANCY MCCLELLAND

ALMOST any room would say, if
consulted about its preferences,
that a mirror is one of the pleas-
antest forms of decoration that can be
given to it. A room, like a woman,
loves flattery, and nothing flatters more
than mirrors rightly placed.

For myself, I have always had the
feeling that a mirror is a vastly mysteri-
ous thing. Somewhere beyond the back
it holds a record of all that it has looked
upon and imprisoned in its depths.
This host of invisibles seems always to
surround the person who stands before
a glass. Like an eye that never closes,
it watches and waits for what may come
within its vision. And no human be-
ing can tell what it has seen.

It is true that a room without mir-
rors is like a face without eyes. A blind
room. It has no unexpected gleams of
light. It seems not to be alive to what
is going on. It lacks the charm of re-
flection and loses gayety of expression.

To prove what magic a mirror can
work, try the experiment of putting one
in a dark place. Take the usual mir-
ror panel between two windows, where
many people make the mistake of hang-
ing a picture; fit in a narrow mirror
panel from the floor to the ceiling, and
see what happens. Your room wakes
up. It seems immediately to be peopled
and lived in. Whatever it does has
already an interested audience. If, in
front of the mirror, you put a little
table or a console, holding a plant, or
a bouquet of flowers, or a graceful
statuette, or some other bibelot with col-
our and form, you have already ar-
ranged a picture that makes itself not
only seen but felt in the same spot
where a painting in a frame would be
a lost note.

The mission of a mirror is to reflect,
to repeat, to enlarge and to bring light.
The skilful decorator makes the most
of mirrors by giving them the best op-
portunity to realize one or all of these
delightful possibilities.

From the Italians and the French,

Hartlng

A mirror with a sufficiently decorative frame deserves a
place of distinction. In this little ensemble the gilded
rococo frame of the Italian mirror is a pleasant departure
from the customary straight lines. It is hung against a
background of Fortuny material, oner a walnut console with
a marble top. Antiques from Au Quatrieme

who were the first to understand the
artistic value of mirrors, we have
learned much about the intelligent use
of them. I never see the dingy little
square of glass that hangs in the palace
of Fontainbleau and is pointed out
proudly as the first mirror that came
from Venice, without wondering what
Catherine de Medici would have said
to the full length mirrors of today!

But even with the first modest little
mirrors, Italians knew how to get ef-
fects. Hanging them on the walls be-
lli nd sconces filled with wax candles,
they created the illusion of a thousand
twinkling lights in a room that held
only fifty.

Other illusions too, they created and
passed on to us, such as the illusion
of the mirrored door which was much
loved in France. Of necessity these
doors were made of small panels, held
together at the corners by rosettes — a
fashion which we often still use today
from choice, because of its undisputed
charm.

Both in Italy and in France mirrors
grew to be an important architectural
feature, to be considered in the building
of houses, not merely hung up on the
walls after the rooms were done. The
brilliant ballroom of Versailles, con-
structed entirely of mirrors, was an
achievement that amazed and delighted
the world.

All of these mirror-placements are
documents for us today, made far easier
for us to execute because of the ability
— which is comparatively recent — to
make mirrors of unlimited size.

Certain places in a room seem to have
been expressly made for mirrors. The
first of these is the space above the man-
tel, which is always the central, radiat-
ing spot in a room. Here, a mirror
commands the entire situation.

Nothing else gives quite the same ef-
fect as its smooth, polished urbane sur-
face that reflects not only the small ob-
jects on the shelf below but every
change of expression in the furniture.

House & Garden

Boughton

(Left) The over-mantel
mirror built into the chim-
ney breast gives rich re-
flections of the room. Here
the mirror is in sections,
after the French manner,
and held in place at the
corners by rosettes

A mirror panel over a
slender console table is a
suitable decoration for the
small apartment hall. In
this case the curve at the
top of the mirror harmoni-
ously repeats the curve of
the console

Care should be taken to
give a mirror that holds this
important place something
worth while to reflect. Time
spent in composing a
sociable and charming
group of furniture that will
be seen in the mirror on en-
tering the room will not be
lost.

The over-mantel mirror
may be built in, with well-
designed mouldings, or
hung on the wall in a panel
specially made for it. One
must be guided by the
architectural construction of
the fireplace to decide which
is the advisable thing to do.

The curious thing is, that
an over-mantel mirror is a
decoration suitable to every
sort of room. It is delight-
ful in a boudoir or a bed-
room, and belongs equally

Back of the day-bed,
this large mirror, panel-
led into the wall and
looped with tassels at
the top, reflects all the
charm and delicacy of
the room. Chamberlain
Dodds, decorator

April, 1922

In this grouping, suitable
for a hallway or a small
living room, a console in
silver lacquer is sur-
mounted by a mirror
framed with an old paint-
ing. Miss Gheen was the
decorator

well in a drawing room or
dining room. Nothing else
that I know of has such
universal adaptability.

To the little room a mir-
ror is like so many feet of
added space. If properly
placed, it creates a vista,
and the little room stretches
out in it and grows to fair
and noble proportions un-
dreamed of by its four
walls.

In one dining room I
know this method of en-
larging a room is success-
fully carried out. Filling
the side wall with a large
panel of mirror created the
effect of space just as much
as if the walls had been
taken down. It did more
than that ; it doubled the de-
light of everything placed
(Continued on page 104)

Instead of the usual pic-
ture or side bracket be-
tween windows, the space
may be fitted with a mir-
ror, thus adding to the
apparent size of the
room and giving colour-
ful reflections

In a formal living room
where paneling, fixtures
and other decorations are
in scale, a large over-
mantel mirror panelled in
place gives an air of beau-
ty and depth. Harry Allen
Jacobs, architect

House & Garden

THE GARDEN OF
GEORGE J. DYER,

NORFOLK, CONN.

Arthur Nash, Architect, Marian
C. Coffin, Landscape Architect

(Opposite) An informal wood-
land pool was laid out at the
base oj a rough stone wall. The
large boulder, uncovered in the
grading, has been retained as a
decorative feature to this scheme.
Water trickles over this mossy
rock from a hidden source and
drips down into the semi-circular
pool which lies below

(Opposite) The border of the
pool is planted informally ' with
columbines, ferns, Japanese iris
and clumps of white lilies. Over
the wall above the pool fall roses
— Silver Moon and Dr. Van Fleet,
which are reflected in the surface
of the water. Dwarf water lilies
complete the woodland picture

Healey

A path leads from one end of the terrace on
the south side of the house, through the birch
woods, to a lower level where, in a clearing,
is a flower garden surrounding an oval of turf.
Going down this path one gets a glimpse of
brilliant colours in the garden below, against
the dark green background oj distant hills

The terrace forms an outdoor sitting room of
great beauty. It is paved on the level of the
turf, the grass sloping gently away to a lower
level. A shady spot this, under the branches
of the larger trees that make, to one sitting on
the terrace, a frame for the birches, junipers
and viburnums of the entrance planting

April, 1922

House & Garden

THE SEMI-CENTENNIAL OF ARBOR DAY

Vital Importance Attaches to the Conservation of Our Trees — Only by Planting and Preservation Can
We Maintain Them in Their Dominant Position in American Life

ROBERT S. LEMMON

FIFTY years ago, on
April 10,' 1872, the State
of Nebraska inaugurated
Arbor Day, pursuant to a
Board of Agriculture recom-
mendation sponsored by J.
Sterling Morton. Subsequently
the date was changed to April
22nd, Mr. Morton's birthday,
and observance of the occasion
spread throughout the country.

It is especially fitting that
this year, the semi-centennial
of Arbor Day, should see par-
ticular emphasis laid on all
those activities which mark the
day. To this end the American
Forestry Association is making
unusual efforts to stimulate
clubs, schools and many other
organizations to put their shoul-
ders to the wheel as never be-
fore and help to give tree
planting in America the impe-
tus it deserves.

With the commercial impor-
tance of intelligent forestry
work and the conservation of
our vast timber lands most of
us are fairly familiar, but it
is not so generally known that
concerted effort on a large scale
is necessary if much of the re-
maining acreage is not to be
ruined to an extent which will
make recovery a matter of many
years, if in fact the damage can
ever be repaired.

The wanton destruction of
forests entails far more than
the spoiling of landscapes and

the sacrifice of millions of dollars worth of future timber. Serious
floods often follow the denudation of the soil, for the tree roots stabilize
the ground, holding the water from storms and melting snows and
weaving a protective mat which minimizes the danger of erosion.
Scientists have proved beyond a doubt that the presence or absence of
extensive forests has a definite influence upon climate.

It is a gratifying sign that large lumber organizations are coming
to an understanding of how scientific cutting and reforesting will
eventually prove of financial benefit to them as well as to the country
at large. Instead of slashing indiscriminately into the standing
timber, cutting every available stick and either killing the young seed-
lings outright or creating conditions under which they can never develop
into first-class trees, there is a growing tendency to carry on the opera-
tions in a sane manner.

Under proper methods of lumbering a few of the largest trees are
cut out here and there in the forest, to admit light enough for new seed
to germinate in the soil. Then, a few years later, more of the big trees
are removed to give the young ones a better chance to develop. And
finally, when the new forest is firmly established under the old, the
last of the old trees are cut down. In a comparatively short number of
years the new crop is ready for cutting, and the whole cycle is re-
peated. The process throughout is distinctly beneficial to the forest
and perpetuates it indefinitely.

Trees are the natural setting for the home, the frame which gives

it the charm of settled age and quiet repose. Try to imagine the

house without them, and you will realize how essential a part

of the picture they are

America is so richly endowed
with natural resources that it is
hard for us to realize that the
time has come when we must
look closely to the future of our
forests, lest we awake some day
and find that they are gone.
Federal and State governments
are doing splendid work in
bringing home a realization of
this fact, as are also such or-
ganizations as the American
Forestry Association. It rests
with each one of us, as indi-
viduals, to second their efforts.
Few, indeed, are so fortunate
as to possess even a bit of
woods, to say nothing of a
man's size forest. But at least
we can plant trees around our
homes and thereby help to
arouse an appreciation of and
love for them in those who pass
by. We can get back of the
Arbor Day movement and
broaden the educational work
at which it aims. By such
means will the general public
come at last to an understand-
ing of what trees really mean
and demand their sane con-
servation.

Perhaps the most obvious
claim of Arbor Day to space in
a magazine like HOUSE &
GARDEN is esthetic rather than
economic. The beauty and
livableness of the home depend
in large measure upon the trees
which form the setting for the
house.

In the baking heat of summer, when the sun burns down from an
unclouded sky, our trees will lay refreshing shadows across the lawn
where we can lounge in comfort and comparative coolness. In winter
they temper the force of the wind that roars down out of the north-
west, sturdily opposing its blast, sheltering the home which is theirs
to guard. The children can scramble among their branches (it should
be the birthright of every boy — and girl, too — to climb trees) and
hang their swings from horizontal boughs. The birds will weave
their nests about airy twig tips or build them in the security of deep
crotches. From the depths of the leaf masses, on cool August nights,
katydids will scrape their fiddle-bows to the air of summer's waning.
From topmost branches on damp April mornings robins will chuckle
at the prospect of fat worms on the greening grass below. The record
of the seasons is written in trees, plain for all to read who will.

And trees will round out the aspect of our homes, lending that at-
mosphere of substantial permanence which no architecture in the
world can attain unaided. The pair of great sugar maples that flanks
the New England farmhouse — what a priceless heritage they are!
Without them and the giant vases of the elms in the pasture lot behind
the barns, the house would seem a bit austere and cold, a shade too
suggestive of uncompromising Puritanism. Perhaps the man who
planted them a century ago was thinking more of the soft sugar they
(Continued on page 1.16)

April, 1922

THE DISTINCTIVE TOUCH OF ADAM

The influence of the Adam brothers per-
vaded all parts of the house — its architec-
ture, its inside finish, its furniture and its
decorative accessories. Here a distinctive
Adam touch is found in the delicate iron
work and graceful tent-shaped hood of the
entrance portico in an English house that
dates from 1791. It is also interesting to

note how the deep curve of the bow win-
dows on the ground floor is repeated in a
more restrained manner by those of the
bedroom windows in the upper story.
These shallow bay windows are being used
in some of our newest country housesj a
device that gives the pleasant relief of
curves to the monotony of a flat facade

House & Garden

Casement windows that
open in present a dis-
tinct problem. The cur-
tains may be attached
to the window frame
itself, drawn taut top
and bottom on rods, or
the bottom may jail
loose. Still better, put
the curtains on rods
that swing independ-
ently of the window.
This device may also
be applied to French
doors that open in

The windows of a small room in which colour
and informal lines are desirable can have
shaped valances of gaily-figured chintz or linen
over plain swiss curtains. The curtains carry
a deep ruffle and are held by tie-backs made of
the same taffeta with which the valance is
edged. An occasional chair may be uphol-
stered in the linen

In bedrooms where it is necessary to open the
window half way and yet have the curtains
protected from the weather, double sash cur-
tains may be used. These are made of case-
ment cloth or gauze finished at the bottom
with a short heavy fringe. When there is a
glare the top curtains can be drawn, obviating
the use of an ugly shade

April, 1922

CURTAINS THAT HELP
SOLVE THE PROBLEM

of
DIFFICULT WINDOWS

Where the proportions of the window are such that, for
the sake of light, a deep valance cannot be used, one can
cover the cornice board with the same material used for
the curtains. A narrow ruffle edging the bottom of the
board will give it a desirable finish. One can visualize
this treatment in a country house bedroom, the fabric
being of delicate tones with a design of small flowers

When it is not desirable to cover the trim of a window,
the curtains can be set inside the trim. Instead of letting
the curtains fall straight to repeat the vertical lines of the
trim, an inner pulley arrangement will give the windows
the relief of draped lines. Rings are sewed verticallv
inside the curtains and a cord put through them, by
which they can be pulled back in regular folds

House & Garden

THE STORY OF LACQUER

While the Art of Lacquering Originated in China and Japan It Soon Became a
Fashionable Style in England, Holland and France

T. T. CURTIS

WHETHER the beautiful art of lacquer
originated in China or Japan is still
debatable. The probabilities are in
favour of a Chinese origin, and to this view
the Japanese themselves incline. The lac tree
(Rhus vernificera) was not indigenous to
Japan, but was imported and naturalized by
the Japanese after their first expedition to
Korea at the beginning of the 3rd Century

when, it may be presumed, they learned the art
of lacquering. Certainly they were not much
behind their teachers since there is but little
trace of lacquer before that period.

The process of manufacture is the same in

both countries, but the finished product is

markedly different. Many authorities consider

that the Japanese craftsmen have reached a

(Continued on page 88)

This red and gold cabinet
on a chest of drawers is
an unusual combination o)
pieces that may indicate
its source as being Euro-
pean, although the lacquet
decorations are apparently
of Chinese workmanship

Red and silver lacquer,
with silver hardware, are
features of this cabinet, a
departure from the accus-
tomed red and gold com-
bination. The stand,
which is contemporary, is
also in red and silver

That Chinese and Japan-
ese lacquer cabinets can be
combined successfully with
some period pieces is
shown in this setting oj a
black and vari-coloured
cabinet on a black l&th
Century stand

A completely harmonious
group is made by this red
and gold lacquer cabinet
on a Chinese Chippendale
stand, with Chinese bowls
upon it and a painted
Chinese mirror hung on
the wall above

A curious old stand of red
and gold supports this lac-
quer cabinet, which is fin-
ished in black, gold and
vari-colours, with etched
hinges and lock and dec-
orative drop handles on
either end

April, 1922

REVIVING THE SPIRIT OF WILLIAM MORRIS

Morris Interpreted the Middle Ages as Times of Democracy and Reproduced Their
Designs and Colours for the Decoration of the Home

LIONEL ROBERTSON

TAUPE, beige, tete-de-
negre, putty, ivory,
and cafe-au-lait are
all high sounding names
which represent the fashion
in colour as far as home in-
teriors are concerned. These
restrained colours have long
stood for good taste, and,
no doubt, they can be so re-
garded as long as they are
applied to interiors of suffi-
cient architectural interest
that do not require colour to
give them flavour. Unfor-
tunately the vast majority
of homes cannot depend on
that balanced play of light
and shade, which one finds
in a well-studied architec-
tural interior, and the taupe
carpeted floors with ivory
panelled walls, or, more
often, a plain grey in imi-
tation of rough plaster, sim-
ply produce a starved effect
of barrenness.

William Morris was al-
w a y s preaching against
these so-called "plain ef-
fects" which were consid-
ered so safe. To him they
were like general lodgings
where a family was con-
stantly moving out and an-
other family moving in.
The plain surroundings
would always be a back-
ground for any kind of
furniture and fittings, and
consequently, produced a
nomadic feeling. Tomorrow
will come the moving van!

In the Ladies' Tea
Room of the
Chicago University
Club the walls are
painted to repre-
sent mediaeval
arras and with the
mille-fleurs that
William Morris
used . Lionel
Robertson, dec-
orator

Morris cut the
blocks himself for
many of the fab-
rics and wall pa-
pers that he pro-
duced. "Autumn
Flowers" shown to
the left, is built up
on a diaper design
and is rich in
colour and beauty
of pattern

The culmination of this
plain grey idea has in-
fluenced factories and shops
which cater to the interme-
diate and humbler classes in
our country. The articles
of common use have become
so taupe and drab that our
general public seems to be
losing the individual ex-
pression which can come
from the use of colour in
one's surroundings.

The use of rich, hearty
colours did not so much
characterize the work of
William Morris as did the
inspired and intelligent use
of pattern. Patterns in car-
pets, large vigorous pat-
terns on the walls and in
the curtain materials, which
somehow produced an effect
of charming intimacy with-
out being garish. His pat-
tern is always copious, nev-
er starved and anaemic. It
bristles with romance and
imagination, and has a
masculine sureness of
draughtsmanship which is
so satisfying. There was
always the joy of the crafts-
man in his work. The in-
tricate patterns never termi-
nated, but always led on to
that imagined better thing
just about to be attained,
but never quite arrived at.

Of course, this is typical
of all design in the Middle
Ages. You find it in the
(Continued on page 126)

"The Pomegranate" famous
in its day, and chiefly charac-
terized by the oblique stems,
is useful on walls when it is
desirable to take away from a
room an air of too much re-
pose and stiffness

The famous daisy pattern is
easily traceable to the mille-
fleurs pattern common in
Gothic tapestries. These pa-
pers, incidentally, are enjoying
a healthy revival in the deco-
ration of Chicago homes

House & Garde

Unusually good rock-work and planting are shown
around the naturalistic pool of K. D. Alexander, Spring
Station, Ky. This has been accomplished without sacri-
fice of practical considerations. Jens Jensen was the
landscape architect

The falls at the end of
the Alexander pool carry
out admirably the rock
scheme and enhance the
charm of the whole ar-
rangement

The water may perhaps
enter the pool as a little
stream flowing over flat
rocks and bordered with
well chosen plant ma-
terial

April, 1922

THE NEW SWIMMING HOLE

By Careful Planning You Can Approx-
imate Nature s Setting for the Outdoor
Artificial Swimming Pool

RUTH DEAN

WOULD you rather go swimming in a
concrete bath-tub, or in the "old swim-
ming hole" ? Would you prefer to walk
out a gravelled garden path to a rectangular
tank neatly lined with marble tiles, or run
down a little woodland way to a sudden open-
ing in the trees where shafts of sunlight stripe
the ripples of a rock edged pool? Supposing
the two to be equally sanitary, you would prefer
the shadows of the woodland pool to the ob-
vious limits of the tank, would you not ? The
surprise of discovering something unknown, to
the tame pleasure of swimming sixty feet and
back? These things need not be imaginary;
they have actually been achieved.

Your more or less justifiable skepticism as
to the plumbing of the naturalistic pool can be
dispelled at once, because it is possible to
construct such a pool perfectly and
still preserve the illusive qualities
of a birch-bordered trout stream.
White porcelain and marble are not
always the symbols of absolute
purity, nor are frogs and snakes
the necessary inhabitants of a
shadowy pool. The water can be
changed twice daily as well in one
as the other, or it can be kept

A sectional view of the pool
in the upper picture shows the
bottom and sides before being
filled with water. The spring-
board juts out from the bank
in the foreground

Stratified rocks bedded in
cement mortar form the sides
and steps of the William V.
Kelley pool at Lake Forest,
111. Jens Jensen, landscape
architect

running all the time if the supply is
plentiful.

It is easy to construct a cleanly,
mechanically perfect tank, but it is
a far different thing to catch the
spirit of a woodland pool; it re-
quires not only a knowledge of
what constitutes good construction
in swimming pools, but in addi-
tion a sympathetic understanding
of natural water edges, rock formations, native
growth in wet places and how to use this in-
formation to conceal the necessarily artificial
features of a swimming pool. The most con-
summate art is that which hides the effort by
which the result is obtained, and about the
successful woodland pool one has the feeling
that it is lovely as the old swimming hole is
lovely and cleanly as a mountain brook is
clean.

There are certain primary requirements for
all out-of-door pools, be they naturalistic or
formal; they must be constructed so that they
will not crack in winter, graded and drained
so that they may be easily emptied, cleaned
and refilled in summer. Most "people like to
have a pool which is shallow at one end and
deep enough for diving at the other, with some
(Continued on page 112)

The William V. Kelley pool is admir-
ably situated among large trees which
cast pleasant shadows on the water.
The setting of the old swimming hole is
approximated here, plus the many ad-
vantages of the new

House &• Garden

In a charming room, fitted
with exquisite things of old
France, a lamp has been
placed in a deep-set window.
Warm, apricot - tinted silk
glass curtains provide a back-
ground for the cream tones of
the painted urn and the inter-
esting champagne - coloured
puffed silk shade. The walls
are blue-green antiqued

An intimate spot of light is
necessary to a good furniture
group. In this corner the rare
old needlework settee, the
Aubusson rug and delicate
Louis XVI pieces compose a
grouping of which the Chinese
lamp base and putty-coloured
shade are integral parts.
Elsie de Wolfe was the dec-
orator of the room

April, 1922

An ideal place for a lamp is between a desk and a small settee, as

shown above. It sheds light equally well for reading and writing,

besides possessing intrinsic decorative value

Quite in the spirit of the old black and gold lacquer desk is this

Chinese porcelain lamp, with its fringed shade of yellow silk set

against antiqued green walls. Elsie de Wolfe,' decorator

LAMPS

FOR

NIGHT

AND

DAY

More Than Any Other Accessory, Lamps Contribute to a Rooms Ultimate Grace By
Giving It Colours and Spots of Necessary Light

OXE might find quite an amusing pastime
in guessing the character and personal-
ity of the unknown owner of a room by
the lamps she is willing to live with. This is
simpler than it at first sounds, for nothing, al-
ways excepting books, so tellingly betrays and
indicates taste as does the choice of lamps.

Even the woman most desirous of creating
a truly beautiful home is not always aware of
the tremendous importance of the lamp in the
decorative scheme. Her thoughts are apt to
be given almost entirely to the question of
walls, hangings and furniture, not realizing
that, in the end, the accessories, and above all
lamps, are responsible for the room's ultimate
distinction.

And yet one can scarcely set down rules to
guide the choice of lamps, save it be the old
and necessary rule of suitability. Apart from
that, the problem seems to resolve itself into a
question of individual likes and dislikes.

Practically all the furniture and fabrics of
the average room can be duplicated. I am not
referring to those priceless rooms that have
taken centuries to accumulate, but to the mod-
ern interiors brought together by women of
culture and taste, rooms furnished in excellent

ELSIE DE WOLFE

reproductions of old designs and hung with
beautiful fabrics often woven in this country.
These things are procurable almost anywhere,
and it is conceivable that two people, with the
same type of mind, might have the identical
drawing room. In fact, all too many of our
smart interiors, like all too many of our well-
dressed women, appear monotonously alike.

To avoid this monotony in decoration, let a
room find its individuality in accessories,
— those delightful bibelots that impart a final
touch of livableness to a little French morning
room; that fragile glass bowl, exquisitely
shaped, filled with flowers and set in the morn-
ing sun; those quaint porcelain figurines, so
formal and yet so decorative; that branching
jade tree quite in the spirit of Louis Seize;
the innumerable lamps — lamps most of all.
These are the trifles that spell individuality.
Culled from all corners of the globe, these
accessories have become part and parcel of the
one who chose them, and they bring to a room
fresh interest and grace and the individual
touch when properly placed.

There are three centers of interest in a room;
by day the window grouping holds first place,
but after sundown we instinctively turn

towards the fireplace and lamp-light. That is,
we always seek light. So lamps should be
chosen with unusual discretion. They are the
accenting colour note of the room and more
than any other accessory can make or mar.

Many things should be taken into considera-
tion in choosing the colour and type of the
lamp. First of all there is the character of
the room, for while one does not necessarily
have to keep strictly to period, an exquisite
boudoir, French in feeling, is no place for an
early American glass lamp. After this comes
the size of the space to be occupied by the lamp,
and, finally, its background.

In considering the background of a lamp
we come to what is probably the most impor-
tant thing of all — colours. For a lamp is the
very best means of bringing out a desired
shade, of accenting notes that need to be played
up in some striking manner. And this a lamp
does both by day and by night. At both times
it should afford a spot of luminous colour.

This dual service occurred in a charming

room I saw recently. The walls were covered

with a reproduction of a late XVIII Century

landscape paper, a strong design that neces-

(Continued on page 128)

House & Garden

RESTFUL COLOUR IN THE BEDROOM

Five Colour Schemes for the Room Where One First Greets the
Daylight and Welcomes the Darkness

WEYMER MILLS

THE BLUE BEDROOM THAT SUGGESTS SERENITY

Walls: A cold White. The picture-rail of antiqued gilt 1' from
the ceiling. The space between ceiling and this rail a soft shade
of sapphire blue

Floor: The same shade of blue — stained or painted. Large
white sheepskin or goatskin rugs on either side of the bed

Woodwork: The same white

Mantel: Blue and white imitation of marble — a simple Georgian
design suggested

Over the mantel hangs an oblong mirror framed in sapphire
blue glass. The mirror hangs from a blue and white silk cord
and tassels

On the mantel a pair of blue pottery urns of classic shape and
several pieces of queer blue glass, Bristol, Sandwich p.nd Bo-
hemian, suggested

Curtains: White muslin casement curtains edged with inch-wide
white cotton tape. In the centre of the edging a stripe of red
grosgrain ribbon *4" wide would be effective

Furniture: A bed of Hepplewhite design, the pillars very slender.
The bed is dressed with muslin, ornamented with white tape
and red grograin ribbon to match the effect of the window
curtains

By the bed a night table of Hepplewhite design painted sap-
phire blue. On the table a blue glass candlestick and the ac-
cessories for night comfort

A slippi-r chair covered with a blue and white flowered chintz,
a Hepplewhite Burgere chair, with cane back and sides, the
back and seat cushions of which are covered with sapphire blue
corduroy.

By the fireplace two hoop-backed chairs with chintz coverings
like the slipper chair

A Lrrn.K ROOM LIKE A PRIM CHILD'S SAMPLER

Walls: Aquamarine blue

Floor: Hard wood painted yellow covered with pale blue rag

rugs

Woodwork: A pale yellow
Mantel: Cream, ornamented with medallions, aquamarine blue

and white in the manner of Flaxman. Over the mantel hang

old American samplers

On the mantel stand black and whiti- Staffordshire dogs, cunary

glass candlesticks and any quaint ornaments with a child-like

appeal
Curtains: A coarse net dyed the colour of the walls and edged

with primrose taffeta ribbon
Furniture: An 1830 twisted rail American bed painted primrose

yellow, sparingly decorated with blue flowers

A sewing table of any period painted to match the colour of

the bed

A large Windsor chair painted primrose colour

Two fiddle-back chairs made of white pine with rush bottom

seats

A low dressing-stool covered in aquamarine blue

A BEDROOM THAT is A FRIEND or THE LIVING ROOM

Walls: Pale faun colour

Floor: Covered with a brown velvet pile carpet

Woodwork: The colour of the carpet

Mantel: Pine wood that harmonizes with the wall colour, Wil-
liam and Mary or Queen Anne designs suggested
Over the mantel hangs a picture of birds, a print or painting.
A large yellow and white cockatoo on a green branch suggested.
Many such pictures were done in needlework for fire-screens
by Victorian ladies and are easily procured
On the mantel vases or other ornaments or bright yellow Liver-
pool ware. Much of this ware has brown transfer decoration
which will perfect the colour scheme

Curtains: Brown sateen of an 18th Century design. The val-
ances are scalloped and in the centre of each scallop is some
conventional ornament, a star suggested. This ornament can
be made of a yellow tape or ribbon. There are glass curtains
of heavy net dyed a pale yellow

Furniture: A day-bed against a wall. The covering brown sateen
to match the curtains. Scalloped ruffles ornamented with the
same yellow star

Three corners of the room have built-in bookcases stained to
match the pine mantel. The bookcases are nearly the height
of the room. They are lined with yellow glazed chintz and an
inch-wide valance of the chintz falls on each shelf. Each book-
case is topped by a yellow and brown wooden urn. A grand-
father's chair is covered in brown mohair, a Victorian rocking-
chair, the woodwork painted brown covered with a chintz of
yellow and brown autumn leaves

Two or three occasional chairs covered to match the rocking
chair

A ROOM FOR THE EARLY AMERICAN GENTLEMAN

Walls: Cream

Floor: Hardwood. A black or white bearskin rug by the bed

Woodwork: Cream

Mantel: The same cream. An early American or Georgian de-
sign

Over the mantel a model of a sailing ship in an azure blue
shadow box

Above the ship a pair of crossed swords and a Naval cocked
hat. The ship, swords and hat are hung from a red silk cord
On the mantel black and white Wedgwood vases, a tobacco
jar and a clay pipe holder

Curtains: Red and white striped glazed chintz with a box-
pleated valance

Furniture: An army camp bed dressed with red and white
patchwork

A Sheraton corner basin and toilet stand

A grandfather's chair upholstered with red mohair and outlined
with brass headed nails

A large mahogany dressing-stool covered with a hook rug — of
a black or white design with red or blue as the body colour

AN OLD TIMK CHINTZ CHAMBER FOR A COLONIAL HOUSE

Walls: Hung with modern chintz of an 18th Century pattern-
old garden flowers in which pink predominates on a robin's
egg blue ground

Floor: An apple green Brussels carpet

Woodwork: Apple green

Mantel: White marble— an American copy of Louis Sixteenth
taste

Over the mantel a long oblong mirror in a carved frame, the
frame painted apple green

On the mantel, urns of pink alabaster or pink glass and apple
green flower holders

Curtains: Pale blue China silk from white wood cornices that
carry out the design of the mantel and the mirror

Furniture: An early American maple wood bed. Two maple-
wood fiddle-back chairs. A Martha Washington winged chair
with a double cushioned seat
A maplcwood dressing table

All the furniture is covered in a shade of pink silk that matches
the roses in the chintz, the cushioned seats edged with pale blue
The bed is dressed in pink silk

The dressing-table is furnished with toilet appliances of Bristol
green glass

April, 1922 4g

A LITTLE PORTFOLIO OF ENGLISH INTERIORS

This month the interiors of the Portfolio are
English. The furnishings are mainly antiques,
which is interesting in the light of an observation
made by the English novelist, W. L. George, to
the effect that American interiors all looked so
new. The English home has an air of having been
lived in; its furniture has had long and varied
associations with people. This fireplace grouping

is characteristic, with its hob grate, dignified man-
tel of vari-coloured marbles and, on the wall
above, a painted Chinese mirror. The mirror
gives light and movement to the room, as well as
a touch of luminous colour in its design. The
frame is a comparatively sober example of gilt
scroll work in the manner of Thomas Chippen-
dale, which can be so fantastically extravagant

House & Garde

The two views on this
page are from The White
House, Chelsea, which is
of added interest to Amer-
icans because it was once
the home of Whistler.
The dining room was pan-
elled and finished with a
Florentine doorway by the
present owner. In keeping
•with this background the
furniture is Italian

The big sash windows in
the dining room, reaching
from floor to ceiling, were
originally designed for
Whistler. They suggest a
style that might be adapt-
ed to American homes
where light is required and
the room would be en-
riched by large panels of
small panes. Curtains are
of flame-coloured taffeta

April, 1922

It is not unusual, in re-
modelling old English
homes, to find traces of
ancient work. In altering
li'hat was apparently a
Georgian room a! Ilford
Manor, the architect dis-
covered traces of an earlier
house. This discovery led
to the re-creation of a fin-:
\fith Century room with
contemporary fittings

In comparison with the
more sombre style of the
other rooms is this view of
a London house furnished
in the French manner.
The walls are panelled and
painted, and the straight
lines of the mouldings and
windows are tempered by
the curves of the gilded
mirror and the curtains
with their valances

House & Garden

PUEBLO— A NATIVE AMERICAN ARCHITECTURE

In the Region of Santa Fe Is Found a Style of Construction Created by the
Indians Long Before the Conquistador es Came

FRESH inspiration is
being given architec-
tural forms in this
country by the recognition
and adaptation in the
Southwest of the very old-
est and most primitive in
architecture. The world is
forever seeking something
new, yet in architecture
builders are constantly go-
ing back to the old. And
here they are finding a
style that is different and
beautiful as well as being
a true product of America.
i , Throughout the South-
west charmingly livable
homes are growing up.
They are the expression of
a really native art; simple
as the soil from which
they spring, dignified as
the Indian, picturesque as
the Spaniard, as fitting to
their environment as is the
English Colonial to its
setting and traditions,

ALIDA F. SIMS

This old adobe house, modernized inside,
has just been freshly coated by the Indian
women with salmon coloured plaster. The
walls are 3' thick, allowing deep window
ledges. Spanish gutters drain the roof

"El Jardin Escondido," The Hidden Gar-
den, is an example of Spanish adobe, with
all the charm of retirement which the
Spanish love. It is surrounded by a 5'
adobe wall flanked with large trees

and as decorative as the
skies and mountains un-
der which they are built.

Surely the purely indig-
enous art of North Amer-
ica comes only from the
Indian, and what may be
termed its indigenous
architecture can be found
only in the dwellings of
the pueblo Indians of the
Southwest, particularly of
New Mexico, where the
great majority of remain-
ing pueblos are today.

"To have an art that is
truly different the people
must have been isolated"
said a well known New
York architect recently.
That is exactly what the
American Indian was.
And of all the North
American tribes the pue-
blo Indian alone produced
architecture.

From the days of the
(Continued on page 84)

•&•

In i

.April, 1922

The patio in the
adobe home of
Dr. L. S. Peters,
A I b u q uerque,
New Mexico, is
about 50' square.
The house is one
hundred and fif-
ty years old and
the tree much
older. The house
is one room deep

Many interesting
architectural f e a -
tures are found in
the native pueblo
adobe house. This
is at Laguna, N. M.

Spanish and pueblo
influence is well il-
lustrated by this
glimpse through the
gate of the Davey
home

Some of the modern adobe con-
struction is faithfully following na-
tive lines and producing buildings
of lasting strength and beauty

The buttressed lowers, projecting
roof beams or vigas and rounded
walls are pueblo features repro-
duced in this modern building

The home of Randall
Davey, at Santa Fe,
N. M., is a modern
structure built along
Spanish lines. The
walls are covered with
pink stucco. The
beams are Indian, the
rounded outlines pu-
eblo and the balcony
and gate Spanish

House & Garden

TREES TO PLANT ALONG THE STREET

To Meet the Peculiar Growing Conditions Which Most Street Boundaries Present,
One Must Select Particular Type of Trees

H. STUART ORTLOFF

TREES have been called
Nature's kindest thought
for Man. We all appreci-
ate this kind thought when the
torrid summer sun is beating
down upon us and almost the
only livable spot is in the shade
of some tree. But we should
appreciate it at all seasons, for
no landscape has its fullness of
beauty, nor any home the fullness
of comfort without trees. A com-
munity without them would be a
desolate thing. The buildings
would be monotonous in the ex-
treme without something to break
tlu-ir lines and angles, and with
no shelter from the sun or the
fierce winter blasts we would find
it a hard place to live in
comfortably.

To realize the beauty which
trees impart to a landscape we
only have to picture the long
streets of some Xew England
town, which are tunnels of living
green in summer. Here noble
trees find an important place in
the life of the community, for the}'
are the emblems of the thought-
fulness of previous generations,
and they go to create the quiet
dignity and healthful happiness
which is so characteristic of these
little towns.

It is indeed a pity that more
trees are not planted in our cities
and towns, and that more care is
not given to those we already have.
Many of the new developments

• -> •. v

J ."*\ ~-^V"

American elms are the characteristic trees oj New England streets. To a

superlative degree they possess the desirable qualities of perfect form,

shade and long life. Insect pests, their great enemy, can be held in check

by modern methods

which are springing up about our
cities with surprising rapidity
would be far more attractive and
their property more salable if
greater attention were given to
the planting of trees which are
large enough to create at least the
illusion of shade. It is possible
in these days to plant full grown
trees for immediate effect, but the
old plan of setting out saplings
should not be discontinued, for
there are many instances where
the expense of planting large
trees is prohibitive, and time is
not a factor. Besides, the idea
of planting small trees and watch-
ing their development is not only
interesting, but the thought which
will in time create great pleasure
for other generations is very
commendable.

In choosing a tree naturally our
first thought is of its greatest
utilitarian characteristic, shade.
Then we consider the location in
which it will serve its purpose
best, but there are a host of other
important considerations in se-
lecting shade trees. Perhaps it
is safe to say that for each tree
planted there must be a definite
reason, and this reason will be the
determining factor in the selec-
tion of the tree. If, for instance,
we are planting for shade, select
a tree with a well rounded head,
one which has an abundance of
good foliage, and which will

(Continued on page 108)

Norway maples are perhaps the most universally favored for street
planting. Their form and consequent shade giving qualities are ex-
cellent, and in autumn their foliage turns to a glorious golden yellow.
The leaves are larger than those of the sugar maple

Horse-chestnuts are often used as street trees. Their form and hab'a
of growth recommend them, and they are strikingly beautiful especial-
ly when in flower. Jf passersby can resist the temptation to despoil
them of flowers and fruit you will be fortunate

April, 1922

ANNUALS FOR CUTTING AND DECORATION

Even Though This May Be Your First Gardening Year, It Can Be
Made Bright with Flowers if You Choose Wisely

FROM annuals, those flowers that com-
plete their life cycle in a season, we
draw a great variety of colour and frag-
rance. And because of their quick develop-
ment and adaptability, they can be made to
supply us with cut flowers when perennials are
not so abundant.

Unless one decides late in the season to make
a garden it is silly and expensive to buy annual
plants from nurserymen. They are all easily
raised from seed, and one can start working on
them either early or late in the spring, accord-
ing to the kinds of annuals he chooses or the
season of bloom he wishes to attain.

Annuals fall into three classes: the tender,
the half-hardy and the hardy; divided thus
because of their reactions to cold, which may be
old remaining plant habits or may indicate
the source of the plant, whether it came origi-
nally from a warm or cold climate.

All three types can be started in trays or
boxes indoors some time in March, hardened
off by placing them in a cooler place when
they have attained a two-inch growth and set
out in their permanent places in May after
the frosts have gone. If one has a hotbed or
greenhouse, the seeds can be sown there. For
April work a cold-frame serves almost equally
•well if given the necessary ventilation and
•covering at night. After frost all three types
may be planted directly in the ground.

Early planting of seed assures early bloom-
ing, but when early blooms are not required,
one can, by figuring, calculate the approximate
week in which the blooms will first appear, and
make garden plans accordingly. Some of the
annuals should be started early to produce
abundant flowers before frost. These are:
ageratum, snapdragons, late asters, annual wall
flowers, heliotrope, stocks, salpiglossis, schi-
zanthuSj verbena and pansies. There is one
rule to remember about seeding annuals — sow
the seed thin.

When the first pair of characteristic leaves
appear — the true sort of leaves of the shape
borne by the full grown plant — the tiny plants
must be pricked out in larger quarters, in other
trays or a transplanting frame. Crowded
quarters have the same effect on infant plants
that crowded tenements do on infant children:
they grow spindly and weak. Moreover, this
transplanting helps the plant to form a com-
pact root system, which is desirable.

THE soil for trays or cold-frames in
which annual seeds are to be planted
need be little more than well pulverized
loam and sand without any fertilizer, as the
purpose of that soil is merely to germinate the
seed and the sand makes it porous for this
purpose. Commercial humus will also give
this desirable porosity. The soil into which
the seedlings are transplanted will require
some fertilizer on which the plant can feed.

Annual seeds germinate quicker than peren-
nial— they have a fast job to do and get right

at it. Thus the average time of germination
for such seeds ranges between five and twenty
days. Cosmos will appear in five days, given
proper attention, whilst salpiglossis may keep
under the surface- for twenty. Much depends
on the freshness of the seed.

It pays to spend a little bit more and take a
little more trouble in purchasing good seed
from a reliable house. Avoid the sort that is
displayed in drug store windows. If garden-
ing is worth the trouble, it is worth investing a
few more cents for seed that is fresh and will
come up true to name.

THE desirable temperature for the ger-
mination of seeds is 60", but for harden-
ing off, the tiny plants can stand much
lower. Do not water seedlings too abundantly;
"damping off or the wilting of the seedlings
from excessive moisture is a mistake all be-
ginning gardeners have to learn to avoid.
Plentv of fresh air is one of the antidotes for it.

In setting out annuals in their permanent
place it is often advisable — unless one has very
rich soil — to put some manure or commercial
humus in the drill. Remember that these an-
nuals have only one season in which to accom-
plish their work and they must have abundant
food close at hand. In the plant world annuals
are equivalent to those intensely busy men
whose work does not give them chance to
run out for lunch but to whom sandwiches and
coffee are sent up from a corner restaurant.
If you want good flowers for cutting, you must
be willing to give the plants constant cultiva-
tion, plenty of water when needed and an
abundance of food.

The way to set this plant food handy, if one
is planting in a cutting garden, is to make a
deepish trench with the hoe, fill the bottom
with well rotted manure or humus, bone meal,
wood ash and such, scatter some of the surface
loam over this so that the tiny roots are not in
direct contact with it and are obliged to reach
down into the cool earth for their food, and
then set out the plants, pressing the earth
firmly about the roots. Also, it is generally
advisable to pinch out the tops of the seedlings
to assure stocky growth; otherwise they will
grow spindly or sappy. It won't hurt them a
bit. If you want husky balsams or robust
snapdragons, follow this custom.

A cloudy day is the best sort for transplant-
ing, and do the work preferably in the after-
noon ; but it is wise to cover the plants for the
first twenty-four hours with newspapers, sack-
ing or pots, to prevent wilting.

As the plants grow, hill up the soil about
them. The work that then follows is to culti-
vate the soil, water when necessary, spray
against pests and keep the flowers cut.

Since we are dealing only with flowers for
cutting, the following forty varieties are sug-
gested with that in view. Colour, height and
other necessary data are recorded and the
botanical names are given in addition to the

common because it is one of the pleasant
idiosyncrasies of gardeners that they mouth
well their horticultural Latin.

ASTER (Callistephus liortensis) : Half hardy. Varieties
range from 6" to 3' in height. Colours include white,
pink, maroon, light and dark blue, lavender and
purple. They come in a great variety of types
and in three 'general groups of seasonal bloom.
For continuous flowers plant Queen of the Market,
which starts blooming in July ; Ostrich Feather
blooming from August on, and for late flowers the
Giant Comets and Late Branching types. The
early kinds can be started indoors or under glass
in March, the mid-season and late outdoors in
May. Transplant to permanent places when 2"
to 3" inches high. For good cutting flowers set
plants 1' apart in rows 2' apart. They respond
beautifully to bone meal, wood ash, commercial
fertilizer and lime, both put in the ground before
planting and afterward during cultivation. Neither
fresh manure nor manure in large quantities is good
for asters.

Asters have three enemies : "yellows," a disease
that causes the plant to wilt and for which there is
no known sure cure; root aphids against which one
sprays with a nicotine solution and pours some of
the same around the roots when setting out; and
the aster beetle which appears in August and
against which a weak solution of Paris Green can
be sprayed or they can be picked off by hand and
dropped into a can of kerosene. Asters should not
be raised on the same ground two years in
succession.

AFRICAN DAISY (Arctotis grandis): Half hardy.
Grows to 2'. Large daisy-like flowers with mauve
centers circled by a narrow gold band. They show
a quaint beauty.

AGERATUM (A. honstonianum) : Sometimes called
Floss Flower and Painter's Brush. Half hardy.
Tall types grow to 18". Comes in white, blue,
lavender and pink. The blue is preferable. I al-
ways have a few of them to remind me of happy
hours near the flower beds in the Luxemburg
Gardens.

BABY'S BREATH (Gypsophila elegans): 18". Tiny
white and delicate pink flowers of the airy, fairy
kind such as Sweet Alyssum, candytuft, forget-me-
not and viscaria that go well in bouquets of sweet
peas, pinks and poppies. Sow seed where plants are
to grow and thin out mercilessly. Plant every
three weeks for continual crops. They can follow
the bulbs.

BLANKET FLOWER (Gaillardia pulchella picta):
2'-3'. Hardy. Red and yellow self colours and
these same mixed. Where there are perennial va-
rieties one need not raise the annual. They keep
for a long time in water.

CANDYTUFT (Iberis umbellata) : Hardy. 6"-!'
high. Plant where to grow and thin out to make
big blooms. Comes in white, carmine, lilac, purple
and pale pink. Make three plantings : the first just
after frost, a second a month later and the third in
late July. They appreciate water. For bigger
blooms remove some of the buds.

BUTTERFLY FLOWER (Schizanthus pinnatus) : Some-
times called the Poor Man's Orchid — a good name.
Half hardy. Grows both in bushy and pyramid
forms. Comes in white and pink, rose and amber,
mauve, white, pink, primrose, bronze, crimson and
orange.

CHRYSANTHEMUM (C. Coronarium): Hardy. 18"-2'
high. Single and double daisy-like flowers. Come
in white, soft yellow, yellow and chocolate, yellow
and white, scarlet, purple and red. Have long
stems and keep well in water. Transplant seedlings
to 12" apart for further development. For bigger
blooms pinch off some of the buds. These respond
amazingly to rich soil and full sunlight.

CLARKIA. Hardy. 2'-3' high. Two types: Elegans,
(Continued on page 106)

House & Garden

An ingle nook, with brick floor and comfortable
settles each side the hearth, is especially fitting for
houses designed and furnished in the early Amer-
ican or English cottage style. This is in the home
of G. de F. Lord, Woodmere, N. Y. Beers &
Farley, architects

Matthaiis

The Germans have always had an

economical way of tucking beds under

eaves. Here the corner is accented by

a shaped valance and a ruffle

In the same house, which is on the

upper Rhine, the dressing table is set

in a dormer window where light and

space are ample

April, 1922

In a house in Princeton,
N. J., are two bedroom
corners of interest. One
is created by a draped
dressing table with an
old French gilt mirror
above and, beneath the
•window, a satin-wood
bench in pink brocade.
The curtains are of
changeable blue gauze
shot with gold and edged
with little ruffles

QUAINT
CORNERS

In American and
German Homes

In this same chamber the
bed is placed in a cur-
tained alcove after the
Continental manner.
Blue gauze curtains con-
trast harmoniously with
the walls papered in pale
beige. A white fur rug
and a bedspread of Louis
XVI, pink silk with little
blue flowers add effective
colour. The Arden Stu-
dios, decorators

While space should be
conserved in a small
house, one can also create
interesting corners that
add to the livable atmos-
phere. This corridor cor-
ner and the two bedroom
views shown opposite are
from a small German
house designed by Karl
Mullet '-Cologne. Among
the unusual features are
the drawers let into the
stair'

House & Garden

Diagonally across the
space where walk and
border were planned
to go ran an ancient
"blind ditch," part of
the system which
drained the orchard.
A disordered tangle of
elm trees, wild cher-
ries, Virginia creeper
and wild grapes
marked its line

When the jungle had
been cleared awav
most of the smaller
stones from the ditch
were transplanted to
build the foundation
of a new driveway.
The poorer elms were
dug out, leaving only
those which would fit
into the design of the
new landscape scheme

After the bed of the driveway had been completed it was filled in to the determined level.
At this stage of the development the path and its flanking double border had not been
actually started, although their location at the left of the drive was determined. Already
the changed aspect of the view toward^ the barn was beginning to take form as a definite
plan which is seen in its completion on the opposite page

BUILDING THE
DOUBLE BORDER

The Reconstruction of a Difficult
Site on a New England Farm

JOHN L. REA

WHILE we gardeners are usually more
interested in the result than in the slow
and arduous process by which it came
about, there are occasionally cases when in
this respect it is well-nigh impossible for us
to keep silent. To this special category be-
longs my own newest gardening venture, the
building of a double border. So great seemed
the difficulty to be overcome, and so deep was
my personal satisfaction at having at last
gained the victory, that I can scarcely resist
the temptation to tell a little at least of how
the war was finally won.

To begin then, as the French say, at the
commencement, it was my maternal grand-
father whom I hold largely responsible for the
unusual difficulty of the terrain constituting
the predetermining scene of my activities.
Some half-century ago he, of blessed memory,
conceiving the not unhappy idea of more ef-
fectively draining his favorite orchard, had
caused to be constructed a system of "blind
ditches" and had all unwittingly run the final
outlet ditch, into which all the largest stones
seem to have been deposited, diagonally across
the area where, in this later time, it became ad-
visable to build the walk and its bordering
flower beds. To those who have not yet en-
countered "blind ditches" in their garden
building may I give a word of explanation as
to their origin?

In the days before readily obtainable com-
mercial drain tile it was the common practice
to provide proper land drainage by the use of
ditches, open or "blind" as they were called,
the former as the name implies a mere trench
for carrying the surplus water away, the lat-
ter a broader, deeper trench filled with stones
and hidden by a final layer of earth. A longer
efficient life was sometimes given the blind
ditch by placing a layer of cedar boughs over
the stones before throwing in the final layer
of earth, this in a measure preventing the soil
filling the chinks between the stones and so
more or less effectively blocking the passage of
the water among them. This, then, is the sort
of thing I ran up against, and but for the
highly successful camouflage grandfather and
Nature had thrown over it, I might never have
moved to disturb it. The one placed a board
fence along the center line of the ditch, and
the other completely veiled the whole works
with a veritable tangle of elm trees, choke and
pin-cherry bushes, Virginia creeper and wild
grape vines. Lying as it did, however, literal-
ly across my path and sending me always
round about on my many passings to and fro
between the garden and my studio, it must, I
had firmly determined, give way to a means
of communication between the two points
which should be at once more direct for the
feet and more sightly to the eye.

April, 1922

As in all such cases, clearing the ground and
making it ready for plowing and leveling was
the initial part of the task. One of the pic-
tures gives perhaps a better idea of what that
implied than words can so easily do. Here
are shown the jungle cleared away, the smaller
stones from Grandfather's ditch already re-
moved and used as a foundation for a new
driveway at the right, the elms except such as
could be adapted to my scheme dug out, the
fence for the most part done away with, and
the ditch ready to be filled again. Removal
of the larger boulders would make the plot
ready for the plow.

Another picture, taken the following sum-
mer, shows this largely accomplished and the
entire project several steps advanced toward
completion. Earlier in the season the plowing,
harrowing and leveling had been done; in
August a quantity of evergreens had been set;
and by the time this photograph was made in
September a shallow trench the width of the
proposed walk had been dug and some of the
flat-topped stones for the pavement already
put in place.

This paving of flat field-stones, shown com-
pleted in another picture, is 4j/' wide and
135' long. The stone walls about the place as
well as the lanes and pastures were ransacked
for suitable material. It proved a laborious
undertaking indeed and now and again, I con-
fess, caused me momentary spells of depression
and near-despair wherein a sense of the innate
wickedness of all unnecessary labor was im-
pressed strongly upon me. However, I kept
doggedly at work and by the first of October
experienced the very great satisfaction of see-
ing the more Herculean part of the work com-
pleted. The walk was laid and curbed and,
what is more, looked as if it might have been
so for years.

Herein lies the advantage of selecting for
such purposes only stones with weathered
faces, moss and lichen patched whenever pos-
sible. A freshly upturned stone will for a
long time betray the fact in its appearance.
And if the first rule in these matters is that
•every garden feature should fit its environment
and seem an indispensable adjunct to the
scheme of things, the second, an inevitable
corollary to that, is that it have an air of
permanence giving no suggestion of newness
or strangeness. These qualities are, next to
beauty, the garden builder's chief objects in
all his planning.

When the two long bordering beds, each
approximately 12' wide, were ready for plant-
ing, the whole plot was carefully measured and
mapped to a conveniently large scale, and a
planting plan worked out. For while the chief
appeal of the flower bordered garden walk lies
in its informal, intimate character, a mere
indiscriminate jumble of plant forms and col-
ours will never produce the desired result.
There must be a certain amount of method in
its arrangement. Theoretically at least the
beds should be first modeled and then coloured.
That is to say, we should begin by deciding
where the high plants are to stand, where those
of medium height, and where the low growing
sorts. In a measure this is, of course, more
or less determined by the very nature of the
(Continued on page 102)

The path is V/2 wide
and 135' long, per-
fectly straight and
bordered with flatfish
stones set on
This picture shows
how the elms saved
from the old tangle
have been brought
into the composition
of the vista and add
to its effectiveness by
their character

Early the following
spring the site was
plowed, harrowed and
leveled. By Septem-
ber a number of ever-
greens had been set
out, and a shallow
trench the width of
the proposed walk
partly paved with, flat
field -stones gathered
from walls, lanes and
pastures

In its completed state the double border includes two beds about 12' wide, planted accord-
ing to a definitely worked out plan. It will be noticed that whereas the taller growths,
generally speaking, are farthest from the walk, and the lower ones nearest to it, this rule
has been varied enough to eliminate the monotony which would arise were it followed
slavishly. The whole arrangement is pleasantly informal

House &• Garden

In this living room the stripes run hori-
zontally, in tones of peacock green, wis-
taria, ivory and black. Walls are pa-
pered in cream, and the trim and corner
cupboard painted apple green

WE have grown to accept stripes with the
same equanimity and unconcern that
we do the chairs we sit on and the sun
shining through our windows, whereas stripes
are perhaps the most vital means we have of
achieving a decorative effect in what would
be otherwise an overtrimmed and bedizened
world.

Not only may stripes compose safe and sane
backgrounds that are in themselves all-over
and practically plain surfaces, against which
figured effects may blossom as the rose, but
they may, in a sort of reversion of their use,
become the startling decoration, in broad bands
of contrasting colour against flat backgrounds
of quite unbroken tone.

We use stripes almost unconsciously; and
it is only when our attention is called to the
stripes we unwittingly employ, that we fairly
realize it: the jaspes on wall and chair cov-
ering, the straight little bands on our china,
the straight-lined colour effects in our rugs,
the lines and beads on our painted furniture,
the blended divisions of colour on pillow and
lampshade, the gay bindings of books, — some

USING

COLOR

STRIPES

f o r

EFFECTS

Stripes on the bias in rust colour, black
and gold make an unusual dining room.
The furniture is black and the dishes old
ivory. Here the walls arc deep ivory
anil the rug black and tan

red, some gold, some blue and green, that
cosily stripe our shelves. After we once realize
the omnipresence of stripes in our rooms, we
are more alive to their importance; and after
we accept their quiet and almost accidental
prevalence in backgrounds and unobtrusively
toned surfaces, we begin to wonder how we
may be gay with stripes, achieving those other
intentionally decorative effects that are so at-
tractive. We try taupe and blue velours in
two-inch bands on a wing, chair and find that,
with the oblong pillow of blue corded silk
across its arm, we have achieved a beautiful
thing; we hang cherry and ivory stripes at the
windows of our breakfast room, and find that
we have caught the same gayety that lives in
a Christmas candy cane, plus a vivid and
sparkling decorative effect that cheers the
breakfast mood. We flounce our four-poster
in linen daringly striped in mauve and blue,
green and black, and find we have the keynote
for a beautifully decorative room. We find,
indeed, that we may go as far as we like in
bold and fantastic colour effects if we pro-
(Contimied on page 76)

April, 1922

Not jar from the large
house on the estate oj
William Ziegler at Noro-
ton, Conn., has been built
a small house for the chil-
dren. 'iH^ere they can sleep,
study and play. It is also
used for guests

(Right) The walls are of
pink stucco and the roof
shingled in green. A wide
verandah runs across the
front oj the house. Scal-
loped awnings add their
colour and distinctive lines
to the windows

The simplicity of the plan should make its appeal to those

contemplating a small home. There are three bedrooms, a

kitchen and a wide, house-depth living room

(Left) From the rear one can
appreciate the design and set-
ting of the house — the large
trees that overshadow it and
give it an air oj age, the sweep
oj the roof and the porticoed
entrance reached by the wide
drive

TWO EXAMPLES

of
THE WORK

of
GUY LOWELL

NOROTON, CONN.

House & Garden

FARM GROUP

on the
ESTATE

*/
THOMAS CRIMMINS

In order to give uniformity to
this farm group all three build-
ings— the cottage, barn and ga-
rage— were executed and finished
in approximately the same man-
ner, in a style indigenous to the
Connecticut shore at Noroton
where the buildings are situated.
To balance the group the garage
and cottage have the same de-
sign— a farmhouse type with
dormer windows in the servants'
quarters upstairs. This shows
the side of the cottage facing the
barnyard

The side of the cottage opposite
the barnyard has a comfortable
porch provided by the overhang
of the second story and the side
entrance finds a pleasant touch
in the arch lattice about the door.
This and the other buildings are
of wood, shingled and painted
white, with green blinds and
shingled roof. The cottage is a
type that has been found con-
venient and economical and has
been reproduced in other parts
of the country

April, 1922

The program for this /arm group was to provide the necessary
buildings for a seaside place of modest size. It is in that part of
Connecticut where land is valuable and yet where the shore of the
Sound, with its deep indentations, makes it possible to have a com-
plete place without obstructed views and without excessive acreage.
These small buildings are sufficiently large to accommodate the
working force kept on the place

The buildings are placed to form three sides of the barnyard: Al-
though small, the group is adequate and does not entail great
expense in maintenance. There is adequate space in the barn for
horses, cows and chickens, together with a roomy section for tools.
The group is enclosed by a simple wire fence with white posts and
rails and the north end of the barnyard is walled with a high
hedge of privet sheared flat on top

House & Garden

CARE OF THE HOUSEHOLD EQUIPMENT

The Service Devices in the House, No Less than the Furniture and Other Decorations, Should
Receive the Best of Intelligent Attention to Maintain Their Full Usefulness

ETHEL R. PEYSER

AS we have intimated before in these ar-
ticles, the best of everything may be
yours, yet if you care for them in
slovenly, careless or uninformed ways it will
be as if you had nothing whatever of any value.
The persistent ignorance of the seemingly
most enlightened and experienced of house-
keepers as to the use and care of the re-
frigerator is appalling. It is positively amaz-
ing to see the breakage of sane rules of pro-
cedure in favor of what seems to them proper.
For example, the best of housewives will insist
on filling the ice chamber of the refrigerator
with but a suspicion of ice and a riot of food,
whereas the ice chamber is meant for ice and
ice to the limit of its capacity, not once a week
but every and all day. Unless this is done the
air currents over which the manufacturer has
slaved to make possible will not occur, and the
best refrigerator becomes a useless thing. You
might just as well get a packing case and stuff
it full of ice and food. The ice chest must be
full in order to cool the air and start the
heavier (cool) air falling through the chest,
which as it descends gets warmer, rises, passes
over the ice, cools again and drops — and so on
in endless circulation. It is these currents
which keep the refrigerator cold; it is not the
ice cake itself. In a little ice box, yes, the food
has to be put into the ice chamber as there is
no other, but here you are not depending on
the melting of the ice starting air currents to
descend and to rise. The problem is quite a
different one.

We think probably the difficulty with the
owners of refrigerators is that they have the
ice box in mind and it is an inherited notion
that the food must be in close proximity to the
ice. This paragraph may seem a digression,
but it is purposely put in to emphasize the fact
that the ice box and the ice refrigerator are two
very distinct and different things. Therefore,
be it remembered that in the refrigerator you
must not waste the ice by cuddling warm pro-
visions next it, because your ice is like a bat-
tery. It, too, makes currents — not electric, but
air currents.

NOW then, when we have the ice making
currents, what happens to the air of
varying degrees of temperature? The
coldest air is at the bottom of the re-
frigerator (of course we are always thinking
of the best refrigerators) because cold air is
heavier than warm air and the warm air rises.
Therefore, if you have odorous things do not
put them in the ice chamber because the air
starting down will carry odors along. Put the
odorous things and the things that should be
kept coldest on the lower shelves.

In some chests the currents of air are so
good that onions and butter never exchange
compliments — a highly snobbish society where
there is little amalgamation.

One buyer of an expensive refrigerator said

that his refrigerator was a great disappoint-
ment because the ice chamber leaked. Now
this was a strange thing, for these ice
chambers are made of the best workman-
ship known to refrigeratordom. Every-
thing was questioned: Did you keep your ice
chamber full? The reply: Yes. Did you
keep things other than ice in the ice chamber?
The orthodox answer came: No. Do you
close the door of the ice chest completely?
Answer: Yes. So the repair man went to the
house to give the erring chest a stethoscoping
and found that the floor of the ice chest's com-
partment was a little uneven and the water was
forced from the melting ice into foreign chan-
nels and escaped through the front of the ice
box, dropping in streaking lines on the front
faqade. This is but a minor point, yet the
refrigerator or the stove or the vacuum cleaner
or the anything is often blamed for misplace-
ments, lack of care and ignorances on the part
of the operator, and this article is meant to
forestall a very few of them.

Here, then, are some things to watch out for:

1. Keep the doors of the refrigerator closed
always. If they don't close easily, see to it that
something is done to make them close.

2. If you have a refrigerator with a lot of
movable parts it is well to remove them and
immerse in hot water occasionally. But don't
buy one that has too many outgoing parts; it's
unnecessary and a constant bother to adjust.

3. Once a week wash out the whole chest
with warm water and soda; never use strong
smelling soaps. Ammonia can be used but
it is probably best to use soda. Hot water
cleans better, of course, but it will give the ice
more cooling to do and if the box is cleaned
regularly cool water ought to do the trick well
enough. However, every so often the hot bath
is a good thing.

4. Every day wash off the ice that newly
enters the ice chamber.

5. Never wrap the ice in paper thinking to
save ice, because ice only makes cold air by
melting. Here is a place where the good and
saving housekeeper saves ice to the destruction
of her food stuffs, yet this is the hardest bit of
politics to propagate.

6. If the lining gets discolored use some
harmless preparation to remove the stains.

7. It is sometimes a good idea to put a
piece of wax paper around highly odorous
foods.

8. Wash everything in the way of utensils
that are put in the box. Have a regular re-
frigerator set of dishes.

9. Wash vegetables before entering, for if
there is anything introduced in the way of
foreign matter, the enemy alien may make
for odorous trouble.

10. Cover any receptive foods; it's wisest
even with the most perfectly ventilated re-
frigerators. Liquids will dry up a bit with a
dry air circulation and egg yolks kept in water

will keep better if the water is changed daily.
If dampness collects in your refrigerator some-
thing is wrong.

11. Wash off the outsides of refrigerator
with damp cloth every week.

12. Remove ice rack and scrub well in
water and soda weekly.

13. Boil parts (removable) twice a month
or use very hot water.

14. Dry case thoroughly after every
douching.

15. If the refrigerator is well connected to
drain a little hose to flush the interior will be
simple and easy.

16. The drain pipe must be carefully
flushed, as here the invading army of typhoid,
etc., loves to encamp and make inroads. See
to it that the drain pipe is easily removed and
cleaned and that the drain pan (should the
drain pipe have no outlet into the plumbing
system) be easily removed at least once a week
to be cleaned out.

With these few words we will leave probably
the most familiar bit of household misman-
agement to a reforming public, and pass on to
some floor coverings.

IN the case of linoleum and similar floor-
ings we will take for granted that they
are perfectly laid down and that all that
there is for us to think about is the nursing of
them. Even the cheaper (printed and not in-
lay) of these floorings will last years if the
following suggestions are absorbed and put
into regular practice.

Sweep linoleums daily. This is easy.

Use an oil mop daily.

Never use anything but a mild soap and
tepid water for cleaning.

Then rinse with clear water and dry
thoroughly. It should be done a square yard
at a time, each yard carefully dried before
going to the neighboring yard. Do not flood
when a mop is used.

Elbow grease, mild soap and warm water
are all that is necessary.

Avoid as the plague: lye, soda, potash and all
cleaning inventions which may harbor lyes!

Polishing makes the flooring last longer, of
course. Colours will be reborn each time and
the floor withstand wear better. Use a good
floor wax. A home-made kind, if you can't
buy any of the finest kinds on the market, can
be made of beeswax and turpentine in equal
parts. Use all polishes sparingly and not
more than once a month. Rub in well, how-
ever, when you are doing it.

It is well to have glass or metal caps on
heavy furniture as narrow castors are prone
to furrow.

For cork floors:

Sweep daily.

They must be washed with tepid water and
weak soap.

(Continued on page 92)

April, 1922

PAINTED DOORS

O F

PRIVACY

They Add Vistas to a Room and Enrich It With Decorative Colour,
As These New York City Examples Clearly Show

CAROLINE DUER

PRIVACY has never been very dear
to the American house-builder or
house-owner. A hedge, or a half-
hearted fence is all that usually divides
the suburban lawn and garden from the
public highway, and in the matter of in-
side construction one finds the open arch
and the swinging portiere quite the ac-
cepted mode of shutting off one room from
another. There is, however (somewhere
in the Psalms, we think), a line which, as
it floats through space on winged notes,
carries a message of cheer to those who
do not care to live constantly in company.
''The doors of the house shall be
shut, shall be shut."

The second "shut" is, no doubt, added
to suit the melody, but how agreeably it
emphasizes one's inner convictions!
And if anything could persuade people's
eyes, when their ears are not convinced,
it would be such lovely painted doors
as these. To shut oneself in with them

Marbleized trim and a painted
overdoor decoration enrich this
painted door in a New York
apartment. The decorations are
by Robert McKee and the panels
by Allyn Cox

would be a privilege and a real delight.

\Yhat a pleasure to take one's seat at
table opposite to Mr. Cox's balustrade
and peer through the painted curtain, —
pale red beside the deep red of marble-
ized trim — at the dim romantic land-
scape beyond. Roses, tulips and peonies
in swinging loops hang above the drip-
ping fountain and the proud golden
pheasants, which are matched in the
other door by a graceful, furtive monkey
who has evidently been stealing fruit
from the table.

Mrs. Vanderbilt's lovely door, whose
four landscapes set in their flowered
frames are a joy to behold, is Italian by
birth although it was found in this coun-
try. On the hall side, which is shown
here, the groundwork of the door is a
warm, tawny yellow; on the drawing-
room side it is a delicious blue, and the
walls of the room have been painted to
match it.

The lovely two-panelled door in
Mrs. W. K. Vanderbilt's new Sut-
ton Place house, New York City,
is decorated with Italian panels
discovered in a New York an-
tique shop

House & Garden

(Left) The walls of this re-
ception room are panelled in
white, making a dignified
background jor the furniture
and for which the mirror and
painted panel serve as pleas-
ant contrast. Delano & Aid-
rick, architects

(Above) Butternut waxed
and set up in simple panels
with flat mouldings forms the
walls of this lounge. A slight
architectural accent is found
in the door trim and cornice.
Delano & Aldrich were the
architects

In this small oval sitting room in the New York home of Mrs.

Willard D. Straight the walls are filled with paintings set in

canary yellow frames. This same colour is used for all the

woodwork. Delano & Aldrich, architects

April, 1922

Inside architectural trim is especially
effective when it is used in the Georgian
manner to accent door openings. In
this view of the Straight dining room
white woodwork is used with mahogany
doors. Delano & Aldrich, architects

IF YOU ARE
GOING TO BUILD

MARY FANTON ROBERTS

YOUR house is built, your architect and
your builder have done their utmost to
give you comfort and beauty in the con-
struction of your home. Your heart is full and
your purse is empty. You have lived through
many disappointments and have found the
experience not unprofitable; you have gazed
reverently upon your home at twilight, and,
less often, with touching pleasure at day-dawn.
It has grown into your consciousness as chil-
dren do, and you have commenced your gar-
den. You would not give it up for anyone
else's house in the world. For those other
houses you intended to imitate when you
started to build, you have only amiable pity.
Their defects are now so apparent.

At least this is the self-satisfied way you
feel when you contemplate the outside of your
(Continued on page 78)

In houses fashioned after the later Colonial or Georgian style decorative wood trim

plays an important part. This end of the dining room in the residence of George J.

Dyer at Norfolk, Ct., has been developed by balancing the arched window with a

cabinet of like design. Arthur Nash, architect

House & Garden

THE DURABLE AND PICTURESQUE QUALITIES OF BRICK

Its History and Manufacture Are Only Exceeded In Interest By The
Fascinating Ways In Which It Can Be Used

HENRY COMPTON

IF you were asked the two essentials
for the house you are going to build, it
is quite likely that you would answer
without a minute's hesitation, picturesque-
ness and durability. Practically every
woman wants her house to look homelike,
and every man wants it to be a good real-
estate investment. There is always, too,
the occasional person who craves spacious-
ness and magnificence. Fortunately here
in America, we, in the main, just want
homes so picturesque and appealing that
we are very proud when our friends motor
up the driveway, and so well built that
we will never sell except at a profit.

It is impossible to be interested in an-
cient and mediaeval architecture without
being arrested by the miraculous power of
brick to 'create picturesque atmosphere,
whether in an old Babylonian gate, a
Moslem tower, or a Tudor battlemented
castle, on down to the type of architecture

'Bunniny or/tf&fcher:

Common

DfflG

(jar-denial! .

There are seven main bonds or styles
in which brick is laid up, each being a
variation in placing the sides and header
surfaces to form a repeat pattern. These
seven are illustrated here and show
the flat designs. In some work an oc-
casional header is slightly advanced to
give an even richer texture to the wall

EZJE3E3OEEDE3EZ3E

^flemish.

known as the Colonial. No doubt th«
langorous Cleopatra from her barge on thf
Nile indolently watched the forming anc
baking of bricks in the brilliant Egyptiai
sunlight. And kings were the patrons o
these Eygptian brick kilns, even the grea
Pharaoh had an interest in brick-makinj
on the Nile and had his name stamped 01
all the bricks manufactured in his hom<
town. Brick making also received thj
royal patronage of Babylon. On one o
the old tombs 1500 B.C. is the naive state
ment "Disparage me not, by comparing
me with pyramids built of stone, I am a
superior to them, as Ammon to the res
of the deities."

Then taking our way westward, we com
to brick-making in India, Persia, China
on to Greece and Rome, and from Rome U]
into Central Europe and England. Ther
are wonderful examples of brick house
(Continued on page 124)

DEBOE3EZ3EZ1E21E3EI3E
JE3E3E3CZIE3EDE31Z3EI3E
3ES1ES1E3E3E23E3I1I1E3EI

Trader:

The designs that can be made with brick
are almost infinite. They can relieve
the blankness of a facade and give it a
play of light and shade. One should
be careful, however, to suit the design
to his type of building. Illustrations
of bonds and brick patterns by courtesy
of the American Face Brick Association

(Above) A brick -wall can be laid up, with
stretcher at regular intervals, to create an
air chamber that serves as insulation. The
methods of finishing off the mortar greatly
affect the appearance of the wall surface.
There are two main styles: — the raked out
joint, shown to the left, giving a shadow
effect; and the rough cut flush, shown to
the right. Illustrations by courtesy of the
American Common Brick Association

April, 1922

WHY NOT PLAN A BERRY GARDEN?

A Small Area Properly Laid Out Will Furnish a Plentiful Supply of Home
Grown Small Fruits of Surpassing Excellence

B. FRANCIS DASHIELL

THE berry garden consists of an assem-
blage of berry plants and vines of the
various kinds for the purpose of supply-
ing the home with a plentiful variety of berries.
The general purpose, therefore, of the berry
garden is to accomplish results of a nature sim-
ilar to the home vegetable garden. It can either
be an integral portion of the vegetable garden
or an entirely separate garden scheme.

The berry garden, considering its distinc-
tion from the orchard and the vegetable gar-
den, is considerably more restricted in area.
The possibilities in terry culture on restricted
areas are generally overlooked, with the re-
sult that many who have the small quantity
of land necessary look upon berries as a neces-
sary luxury. By planning to start a berry gar-
den, a small piece of unremunerative land can
be made to produce berries to provide an
abundance for table and canning purposes.

As individual tastes will always modify the
character of the garden, a general scheme must
be used as a working basis. The varieties de-
scribed in this article can be modified to suit
the climatic conditions of the locality of the
garden, yet the selection of these berries has
been made or worked out on a cos-
mopolitan basis, their growth l>eing
practically universally satisfactory.
However, local nurserymen may sug-
gest some very good modifications of
this specification.

The soil for the berry garden should
be as light as possible with a good,
even, clean texture. Heavy soils can
be lightened with sand and the humus
content increased by the addition of
leaf mold and well-rotted manure. As
practically all berries in their wild or
native states are found growing in
wooded places, it is consistent that
the soil of the garden should closely
approach the natural conditions. The
above humus additions will do this.

Holes in which vines, shrubs or
plants are to lie set should be well
made so that the roots may be fully
opened without any unnatural cramp-
ing. Rich top soil made fine and
clean should be placed in immediate
contact with the roots with a little
water to set or bind them. The earth
should be firmed over the roots by
pressure and when the transplanting
operation is completed the plant or
vine should stand somewhat deeper
than it stood while in the nursery.
Careful pruning, cultivation and fer-
tilization from time to time will make
for the success of the berry garden.

The different varieties of the vari-
ous berries suitable for a berry garden
are briefly described for the benefit
of those who may be planning this

garden. The general scheme shown in the
garden layout can be followed or made to
serve as a working basis subject to modication.

In choosing red raspberries for the garden,
Perfection is an early variety, Cuthbert a me-
dium late and St. Regis a fall berry. La
France is an excellent ever-bearing sort. The
Cuthbert is the standard berry, is large with
a deep rich crimson colour and firm body. The
bush is moderately hardy and is the principal
variety in all sections. It is well adapted to
a wide range of soils and especially partial
to light, sandy soils or loams. Set out in
rows and 3' apart in the row. The Ranere or
St. Regis is a standard fall variety but does
not bear well after drought.

With black raspberries the Cumberland and
Plum Farmer are two leading strains. With
both types the berries are very large and firm,
but the latter has a short and early season.
The Cumberland is a mid-season berry and
unusually hardy. They are set the same dis-
tances as the red raspberries.

Yellow raspberries, while newcomers before
the public, are hybrids between the Cuthbert
and certain Chinese species. However, of

PLUM

^Q
i'fteoStof" 'Richmond" "Transparent^

APPLE} CHERRYj, (PLUM
"Delicious" "Napoleon" "ffamxm"

-PtACHES

'xE/ter!a" "Heath" "Ray"

\ — : f. —

Pesiyrxd ffy B. Francis Do&iKll-r121
FRUIT

A COMPLETE K.OK

PLAN FOR. A BER.R.Y GARDEN

BlacKherry

Gooseberry REQUIRING iSPACEi 5O FT. BY 7O FT.

Huckleberry
Flowers

WITH -SEVERAL VAgi£TiE5 OF FRUIT TREES

The berry garden should be as carefully planned as the flower
or vegetable areas, no less for the resulting economy of space
than because of the ease of caring for it and the size and quality
of the crops ,

late the Golden Queen, a hardy and produc-
tive type, has replaced the subtropical Golden
berries and is excellent for home gardens.

Huckleberries, the true edible berries of the
heath family, often called blueberries, remind
one of the deep and shadowy woods. But now
they can be successfully propagated in the gar-
den and are the finest of such fruits. Every
garden should try to have the huckleberry with
its abundance of rich juicy fruit for pies, with
cream and for preserves. However, the soil
conditions for huckleberries are quite different
from those for other berries. A condition
nearly equal to that found in the woods is
necessary.

This can be obtained with certain chemical
fertilizers, old leaves and decayed oak leaves
or leaf mold from the woods. A good mulch-
ing with this woods mold and oak leaves will
bring about the acid condition so necessary for
the best growth of the huckleberry. Sixteen
per cent, acid phosphates and sulphate of am-
monia are probably the two best fertilizers to
use on huckleberries. Watering frequently is
also necessary, as the plants will stand very
little drought. Any soil which will success-
fully grow rhododendrons will pro-
duce huckleberries of the finest quality.
Of the dewberry and the blackberry
very little need be said. By having a
combination of the two a longer sea-
son of production is had than with
one alone. Plants are set about 3'
apart in the row and trained up on a
wire trellis supported on posts set in
a row. Fertilizers heavy in potash
and phosphorus are used l)efore fruit-
ing and nitrogen salts applied later
to produce heavy growth for the next
season's fruiting. Lucretia is the
principal variety of dewberry and the
Blowers and Mersereau lead in the
varieties of blackberries. Both of the
latter have large, firm, sweet fruit of
very good quality.

Gooseberries are very hardy and are
easily grown. Set 4' apart in the row.
The Downing, Industry and Colum-
bus are leading varieties in order of
their desirability.

Currants are extremely desirable
and the little bushes are quite orna-
mental besides bearing heavily. In
England, hybrid tree currants are
planted extensively because of the
charming contrasts of the little soli-
tary bushes. They are now intro-
duced here and a few should be
placed in every garden or about the
grounds. The leading varieties are,
Victoria, White Grape and Comet
(tree).

The strawberry is adapted to a
(Continued on page 94)

Grapes

Cherries

Currants

House & Garden

VEGETABLES

AND

V I T A M I N E S

A Resume of the Best Vegetables for the Home Garden, and Some Interesting Comparisons
of Their Vitamine Content — How and When to Plant Them

ADOLPH KRUHM

OUR views as to the relative importance of
the different vegetables have undergone
u mighty readjustment. True, beans, corn
and peas are still considered the staff of life in
the food garden. In actual importance, however,
tomatoes, considered poisonous by our fore-
fathers but fifty years ago, now rank first, with
greater surprises in store.

Back of it all are the vitamines.
The fine work of Professors Mendel
and Osborne of the Connecticut
Agricultural Experiment Station, co-
operating with Yale University, now
enables us to strive after hitherto un-
suspected food values. We always
knew what to grow for protein and
starch, and what contained the most
carbohydrates, but all these are now
of secondary importance in the light
of recent discoveries. We must
know where to go for that evasive
element called vitamines.

But it is not enough that we
should recognize the need of growing
tomatoes. Who's Who among nearly
.300 different sorts? What is the
difference, if any, in the food values
of pink, scarlet, yellow and white
tomatoes? Why are early maturing
vegetables preferable to late kinds
in some instances and in certain
classes ? These are a few of the per-
plexing questions that have to be
answered before the gardener actu-
ally can start.

Taking off our hats to science, we
learn first that tomatoes are the fore-
most vegetables in that no amount of
cooking or preparing can kill their
vitamine-carrying qualities. Think
of it ! No matter which way you pre-
pare tomatoes, you are bound to get
the full benefit of all that Nature
stores in that fruit. Not so with
cabbage. In boiling cabbage, much

of the peculiar vitamine brought to us through
this vegetable — the anti-scorbutic variety — is
lost. On the other hand, spinach, that great-
est of all spring tonics, carries so much vita-
minic qualities that much of it remains after
boiling. And beet leaves, beet stems and foli-
age, including Swiss chard, are almost as val-

Stringless beans will increase the fertility of your garden soil as

well as furnish many a welcome dish to your table. Bountiful is

the kind to plant for the first heavy crop of flat, green pods

uable as spinach, while beet roots rank sixth
in value, counting less than carrot roots and
but little better than timothy grass.

In view of all these facts a greater enthusi-
asm toward tomatoes and cabbage than toward
melons or cucumbers may be pardoned. As a
matter of fact, one might feel inclined to over-
look cucumbers, melons, pumpkins
and squashes entirely, were it not for
two reasons: Among the squashes we
meet a valuable vitamine carrier in
the summer varieties, especially in
Cocozelle Bush, the squash so fa-
mous in Italy as a splendid tonic for
physically backward youngsters.
Cucumbers and melons are good
roughage; one likes to eat them for
the delight they give the palate,
while their food value is nil.

So let us consider the most impor-
tant classes of vegetables with a view
of discovering the most worth-while
kinds for your purpose. Not all
kinds serve equally well under dif-
ferent conditions of soil and climate.
Above the latitude of Albany, N. Y.,
for instance, it is much safer to plant
early maturing varieties in all
classes. Yet some of the late kinds,
of corn for instance, bring a quality
not met with among early sorts.
Again, in the home garden, dependa-
bility should be the factor that ulti-
mately determines a variety's value.
An early variety subject to blight
or other diseases is as useless as a
late variety that matures in time to
be caught by frost. The two factors
back of every recommendation made
here are quality and dependability.
You can count on the good behavior
of varieties suggested in the follow-
ing paragraphs.

Since tomatoes today apparently
occupy the center of the food stage,

Raw lettuce is remarkably
rich in vitamines. California
Cream Butter is a leading
mid-season variety of its class.
The butterheads are usually
best during June, from April
planting

Even the smallest garden should grow some summer

squashes. Cocozelle Bush will produce more fruit

in less time and from less space than any other kind.

Its flavor is excellent

Globe produces the finest quality fruit among the

purplish tomatoes. In this class, as well as in the

pinks and scarlets, the vitamine content is high. Every

gardener should grow them

April, 1922

let us analyze the possibilities of our choice
in that vegetable fruit. For possibilities it
brings, being seemingly devoid of limitations.
In size it ranges from that of a currant to that
of a ponderous piece of beefsteak (Ponderosa
variety) ; in colour it ranges from white through
yellow, to pink and scarlet. In shape it is
from flat, like a pin cushion, to round like a
globe; in food value it ranges from probably
very little to the pinnacle of food value.

In this last statement I am anticipating dis-
coveries of the scientists. But I venture to
assert that the vitamine element in a tomato
is carried in its acidity. Thus, the white to-
mato (devoid of acidity) will, I believe, ulti-
mately prove to be practically devoid of vita-
mines. It will still prove a
pleasant fruit to partake of,
but will it carry the vital
•vitamine message? Yellow
tomatoes are equally insipid
but may prove nearer to the
pink or purple kinds, while
the scarlet sorts are the to-
matoes if you do not object
•to varying degrees of pro-
nounced acidity.

The finest all-round scar-
let tomatoes are Bonny Best
(early), Chalk's Early
Jewel (midseason) and
Stone (late). The one pink or purple
:sort above all others is Livingston's
Globe. Ponderosa is of great size but
entails some waste because of its shape.
For home use the globe-shaped type of
tomato is fast coming into its own.
Cherry, plum, pear and peach shaped
tomatoes round out the one vegetable
which is equally useful for preserves,
.soups, ketchup, to be eaten raw, fried
•or stewed, deserving to be on the menu
.at least twice a day.

Lettuce, so far, has earned its table
place solely on its merits as a basis for
.salads. Yet, cooked with mustard or
beet tops or dandelion, it furnishes de-
licious "greens'." Whether the process
of boiling will take out the great vita-
mine stores found in the raw product
remains an open question. Suffice it
'•to say that lettuce salad is one of the
.greatest tonics available for mankind.

Frankly, as in the case of tomatoes
•of different colours, we are still some-
•vvhat at a loss to know which of sev-
eral types of lettuce brings us vitamines
in greatest quantities and in most en-
during form. Judging from mankind's
personal preferences, the butterhead
type of lettuce seems to lead. But we
need crisphead sorts and Cos lettuce to
round out the season.

An early, midseason and late but-
terhead lettuce — Wayahead, California
Cream Butter and All-Seasons — should
be grown together with Iceberg and
Wonderful among the crispheads, and
Kingsholm Cos for August use. The
butterheads, as a class, are best during
June (from seeds sown in April). The
crispheads survive during July (from
May seeding) while Cos lettuce is the

(Above) Left to right, Golden Evergreen,
Peep 0' Day and Golden Bantam. (Left)
French Forcing, a leading early season car-
rot. (Right) Fordhook bush lima, a new
bean that is attracting wide attention

Raw cabbage is a tonic, although in the cooked form it is not.
The Savoy crinkled leaved type has a delicacy of flavor ap-
proaching that of Brussels sprouts, but for some unknown rea-
son it is not as frequently grown as the ordinary white kinds.
Drumhead is a good variety

Wong Bok from China is a
splendid mustard for salads.
Cut up and served with
French dressing it is delicious

Jersey Wakefield is the earli-
est of the extra early cab-
bages. Follow it with aver-
age and late season varieties

only type that will stand August heat, part of
the time.

A cabbage diet saved many a rat in Pro-
fessors Osborne-Mendel's experiments. The
interesting part of it is that raw cabbage does
the trick, while boiled cabbage doesn't! Per-
haps that is the reason why cold-slaw is accept-
able to some of us while the boiled product is
vegeta non grata. Facts are that boiled cab-
bage is, at best, but good roughage, while the
raw product is a tonic. Some children love
to eat raw cabbage when they would not touch
the boiled dish. And I believe cabbage in
stage of fermentation to be unfit as human food,
though tons of it are used as such.

But since cabbage unquestionably has
some valuable food quali-
ties, let me assure you that
you make no mistake when
you select Earl}- Jersey
W'akefield for an extremely
early variety. Either Co-
penhagen Market or Enk-
huizen Glory provides a
succession that will yield
several extra pounds of cab-
bage early in the season.
For a late sort, either Dan-
ish Ballhead or Premium
Flat Dutch will serve splen-
didly, though the acme in
cabbage quality we encounter in Savoy
cabbage.

Savoy cabbage is the crinkled leaved
type which in delicacy of flavor ap-
proaches Brussels sprouts. Just why
it is not grown more widely instead of
ordinary white cabbage defies analysis.
Europe discovered Savoy cabbage qual-
ities centuries ago. In some of its sec-
tions it is grown exclusively.

And now, the one great vegetable
which ranks with tomatoes as one of
the foremost benefactors of mankind.
Beans, besides furnishing valuable food
in various forms, also feed the soil.
Nitrogen nodules on the bean plant's
roots are to the soil what vitamines are
to the human system. After growing a
crop of beans your garden soil actually
is richer in fertility than before. In-
cidentally, do you know that America
enjoys the distinction of having pro-
duced the first stringless beans? There
are a score of pedigreed stringless sorts
available now, in either green or yellow
colour, with either flat or round pods.
For the first heavy crop of flat, green
pods plant Bountiful. If you prefer a
wax-podded sort, plant Sure Crop
"Wax. Brittle Wax and Stringless
Green Podded are both round-podded,
much fleshier than the other two men-
tioned previously.

These four varieties will serve every
purpose in the home garden, but I
would be unjust to the reader were I
not to mention a super-quality pole
bean of recent introduction. Egg Har-
bor Pole will ultimately replace Old
Homestead, supreme as that variety
rules today.

(Continued on page 94)

House &• Garden

FURNISHINGS
FOR NURSERIES

This adorable small per-
son only 4" high is made
of red rubber sponge.
The price is only 60c

Rubber sponge dolls with

gaily coloured caps may

be had in three sizes. 4"

60c, 5" 80c and 6" SI

Unusually decorative is
the colourful over-mantel
shown at the right. It is
in the nursery of the New
York home of Mrs. Fal
de Saint Phalle. Fred-
erick W. Ross was the
artist

The bassinette below is
of white enamel wicker
lined with a pink silk
quilted pad covered in
fine net. Including hair
mattress, $54.75. Un-
trimmed and without
mattress, SIS. 75

A clothes tree in ivory
enamel has a delicately
painted top 38" high, S3. 75.
The little white enameled
wicker chair is S5.50. The
seat is 10" from the floor

A!! the articles on these
pages may be purchased
through the House & Gar-
den Shopping Service, 19
West 44th Street, New York
City.

For a rainy day comes this
white enamel blackboard
table 20" high and the top
22" sq. The board folds
down when not in use. $10.
The chair is $4

An enameled tin tray meas-
ures I7"xl2". $3.25. The
four piece china set in a
Humply Dumpty, Little
Boy Blue or Red Riding
Hood designs. $4.50

April, 1922

TO PUT IN A
CHILD'S ROOM

This amusing small clock
has a decorated metal face
and a gaily painted scene
above. It is only 4"
high. S2.50

Gay cretonne covers this
toy box 27" long. $7. Rose
or blue burlap screen with
cretonne border, 54" high.
Sll

For a tiny person comes this small
toilet set of composition ivory deli-
cately decorated in a rose design. The
price is $4.75

The white enameled coop shown be-
low has delectable painted animal in-
sets and a khaki floor. 44" sg. and
21" high. $17.50

This charmin-g lamp with
its silhouette shade is of
pink, yellow or dark blue
porcelain. 16" over all.
$12

A white enamel wicker
nursery basket lined with
pink or blue silk has a
lace trimmed cushion and
pocket. S8.75

For nursery curtains comes a striking

checked chintz in green, lavender, pink,

yellow or blue with a tiny rose on the

•white ground. 36". 65c a yd.

Small people must have small furni-
ture. The table below is 21" high and
the top measures 25"xl8". S6.50.
Chairs to match $4 each

An adorable
doll to take to
bed is of quilted
checked or plain
gingham in any
color. It has
the added merit
of being wash-
able. 11" long, $2

House &• Garden

April

THE GARDENER'S CALENDAR

Fourth Month

Mrs. A. C. James
is a good amber
cactus dahlia. Hunt-
ing t o n Dahlia
Gardens

Flesh white suffused
with rose is the
colour of gladiolus
Albert 1st. Wing
Seed Co.

A good hardy 'mum

is Anna H. Condict,

amber and pink.

Chas. H. Totty

SUNDAY

MONDAY

TUESDAY

WEDNESDAY

THURSDAY

FRIDAY

SATURDAY

30. If you
grow any crops
for the llve-
stock the
ground for

We may shut our eyes, but
we cannot kelp
knowing

This calendar of the gardener's labors is
intended as a reminder for undertaking all
his tasks in season. It is fitted to the lati-

1. Weather
conditions
vary, but usu-
ally it is safe
to start sowing

them should

That skies are clear and

tude of the Middle States, but its sugges-

seeds of the

be made ready.
Mangels, car-
rots and sugar
beets are

grass is growing;
The breeze comes whisper-

tions should be available for the whole
country if it be remembered that for every
one hundred miles north or south there is

more hardy
types of vege-
tables now.
Peas, spinach.

staples and can
be sown now.

ing in our ear.

a difference of from five to seven days

radishes,
onions, pars-

although corn
must wait for

That dandelions are blos-
so ming near * * *

tions. The dates given are, of course, for

nip, beets, car-
rots, Swiss

warmer wea-

an average season.

chard, etc., are

ther.

— LOWELL.

all seasonable.

2. Straw-

3. Rasp-

4. The lawn

5. Early

6. That un-

7. If the

8. The secret

berrles should

berries, black-

should be

planting is the

productive or-

asparagus bed

of success with

now be uncov-

berries, cur-

looked over

first essential

chard can be

was mulched

potatoes Is

ered for the

rants and

carefully to as-

to success. Fin-

made to yield

last fall it can

early planting:

season. The

gooseberries

sure a velvety

ish all plant-

abundantly If

be turned un-

these plants are

winter mulch

that were

green sward

ings of decidu-

you resort to

der now. Hill

quickly de-

of manure can

buried last fall

this summer.

ous trees and

the proper use

the soil up to

stroyed by hot.

be forked un-

can now be uu-

Sod any small

shrubs at the

of cover crops.

the rows If you

dry weather.

d e r . If no

earthed. An

bald spots, and

first opportun-

To prove this.

like your

To avoid this

mulch was ap-
plied, however.

application of
good manure

spade and seed
down large

ity. Firm the
plants well in

sow now a mix-
ture of Canada

asparagus
white. Salt in

danger plant
now, so that

give the bed a

worked Into

spaces. An ap-

the soil and

field peas and

liberal quanti-

the crop will

good top dress-

the border now

plication of

don't allow

oats, and plow

ties should be

come to matur-

ing with bone

will materially

bone meal or

them to suffer

t hem under

applied to keep

ity before the

meal before

Improve the

wood ashes is

from lack of

when thev are

down the

trying weather

digging.

fruit.

advisable.

water.

about r high.

weeds.

strikes It.

9. If you

10. Have you

11. If prop-

12. Reeds of

13. Before

Ifl. All bor-

15. Plants in

have not

stakes on hand

erly hardened.

the more hardy

the trees and

ders or open

tubs Intended

Kruned the

for dahlias and

plants of the

flowers such as

shrubs leaf out

spaces around

as specimens

ardy roses It

other tall flow-

more hardy

snapdragon ,

It Is advisable

plants should

for the grounds

must be at-

ers, raitla or

types of garden

asters, alys-

to go over them

be kept loosen-

should be

tended to at

jute cord for

vegetables can

sum, calendula.

carefully, de-

ed up with a

watered freely

once, because

tying, an arbor

be set out now,

centaurea,

stroying any

digging fork.

with liquid

roses start into

for the garden

such as cab-

pansies, violas,

c ater pillar

This admits

manures.

active growth

roses, a sundial

bage, caul i-

scabiosa, etc..

nests before

the necessary

Where It Is not

very early.

for the flower

flower, lettuce,

may be sown

they hatch. An

air to the soil

convenient to

Prune the hy-

garden. You are

onions, etc.

outside at this

asbestos torch

and also pre-

make or use

brid types to

sure no essen-

Cover them

time. Have the

is the best wea-

vents the rapid

this, a top-

three eyes, but

tial has been

with plant pro-

soil well pulv-

pon to use;

evaporation of

dressing of pure

leave about 4"

forgotten? This

tectors or paper

erized, as flow-

slight scorch-

the moisture if

cow manure

of new wood on

is the time to

on dangerously

er seeds are

Ing will not in-

the weather is

can be applied

the teas.

check them up.

cool nights.

very flne.

jure the plants.

dry and sunny.

to them.

1G. Frames

17. The peren-

is. Do not

19. This Is

20. Start

21. Keep the

22. Any large

for the melons

nial border

let your green-

the proper time

hardening off

soil constantly

trees that have

must be set In

should be over-

house be idle

to start some

the bedding

stirred between

been recently

place now. See

hauled. Any

all summer.

plants from

plants In the

the garden

transplanted

that the hills

existing voids

There are many

scfid for flow-

greenhouse or

rows. Seeds

must not be

are well pre-

must be filled

worthy crops

ering next

frame now. It

that are slow

neglected. Lib-

pared Inside

In either by

which can be

winter in the

is certain death

in germinating

eral watering Is

them, using

new plants or

started now.

g reenhousc .

to set out

can be protect-

essential, and

plenty of good

by dividing

such as potted

Primula, cycla-

coleus, gerani-

ed by placing

heavy mulch-

manure and

those which are

fruits, melons.

men, snapdrag-

ums, etc.. un-

the line be-

Ing is also a

chopped sod.

left. Dig under

tomatoes.

on and many

less they have

tween the

good practice.

The seed may

some good

cauliflower and

others should

been properly

labels. Soil cul-

Make soil tests

be sown just as

manure or give

c h r y s a n t h e •

be started now

hardened,

tivation Is more

to see that the

soon as the soil

the beds a top-

mums. Do not

and grown

which ordinar-

necessary with

soil below the

is thoroughly

dressing of raw

let the house be

during summer

ily takes about

young plants

roots Is suffi-

warmed up.

crushed bone.

empty.

in frames.

two weeks.

than old.

ciently moist.

23. Do not

24. Summer

'25. It is a

Jfi. Bean

27. Thinning

28. Have you

29. This is

neglect the

flowering bulb-

mistake not to

poles can now

out crops is

spravlng ma-

the proper time

sweet peas

ous plants as

make what

be put in place

more import-

terials on hand

to have the

when they are

gladioli, mont-

sowings are ne-

for the limas.

ant than many

for the host of

greenhouses

small — see that

bretias, begon-

cessary to give

Dig liberal

suppose. Plants

bugs and

overhauled.

they are prop-

ias, etc., are

a continuous

sized holes for

that are allow-

diseases that

Broken glass

erly hilled

very little ef-

supply of quick

them, working

ed to crowd be-

are certain to

should be re-

when about 4"

fort and are

maturing crops

plenty of

come soft and

visit you this

placed, loose

high. Support-

worthy a place

such as peas.

manure Into

spindly and

summer? Spray

glass can be re-

I n g them

In any garden.

beets, carrots.

the soil when

can never de-

the c urrant

set, and the

should not be

They may be

spinach, etc.

refilling. The

velop health-

bushes now

woodwork

postponed un-

planted any-

The common

mound or hill

ily. Crops that

with arsenate

should be pro-

til they have

time now, the

rule is to sow

should be

require thin-

of lead to de-

tected by at

been flattened

gladioli at bi-

when the pre-

about 4" above

ningmust beat-

stroy the green

least one coat

by wind or ram

weekly Inter-

ceding sowing Is

the adjoining

tended to when

currant worms

of good exterior

and damaged.

vals.

above ground.

grade.

very small.

while small.

paint.

/T'S diff'rent, somehow, from u-hat we git other times o' the year — this early spring sunshine. Winter

sunlight's either pale an' weak, er glitterin' an' cold; summer's is glarin' an' fiery, 'cept when it comes

level through the trees 'round fire o'clock in the tnornin' ; an' fall's is smoky an full o' distance. But in

the spring the sunshine seems like it has a soul, sort of, an' when ye turn your face up to it it smiles an'

fair talks to ye, right close tip.

I like to set down ag'in the s'uth'ard side o' the barn an' jits' let it soak into me. An' when I'm

spreadin' manure on the garden, gittin' ready fcr plowin' — hew good the warmth o' the sun feels, beattn'
down on my back.'

Most of all, though, I like to lay on a dry, sunny bank o' Hawkins's Brook 'long in April, chawin'

terbacker an' watchin' the trout a-jumpin' fcr the first flies o' the season. Tiiey's bees pokin' 'round close

to the Aground, huntin' out the hcpatica flowers all blue like the sky. Teeny little gnats in swarms dancin'

up an' doivn. A phoebc-bird settin' on a branch over the water, a-teeterin his tail. A riffle in the brook,

flashin' an' talkin' to itself. An' et-'ry few minutes I h'ist oiit a trout, bait up, an' throw back in ag'in,

over by that big rock at the head o' the pool

Gosh a'mighty! — when's gran'son comin' back with them worms? Mus' be half an hour since he went

to dig 'em! — Old Doc Lemmon.

••*

The Lake Huron
dahlia is very large,
canary yellow. By
courtesy of Geo. L.
Stillman

Iris Merlin, mauve,
buff, purple and vio-
let. Courtesy of
Glen Road Iris Gar-
dens

Angelus is creamy
•white and of splen-
did form and habit.
Courtesy of Chas.
H. Totty

Modern pansies are superb flowers
that everyone should know and grow.
Striata at the left and Miracle at the
right, the latter new this year. Steele's
Pansy Gardens

Edwards' Perfecto muskmelon averages
the same size as the regular Rocky
Ford types. Us flesh is salmon shading
to green and very thick. Jerome B.
Rice Seed Co.

Perfect pansies like these, measuring
I1/?" in diameter, can be grown only
from the best pedigreed seed. White
Mastodon at the left, with Miracle be-
side it. Steele

April, 1922

as^^

-uimitoe

transcending the
commonplace, well
within moderate cost

HE Furniture which graces the well-appointed American
home of today echoes a silent yet eloquent tribute to the
cabinetmakers of olden times.

Those original pieces which happily have survived the
passing of centuries furnish inspiration for the many
admirable adaptations on view in the Galleries of this
establishment. Here one may acquire, within a modest
expenditure, groups and single pieces for the formal as well
as informal rooms — Furniture which will impart to its
surroundings decorative distinction, fulfilling withal the
function of utility so often absent in the "antique."

Here also are available hand-wrought facsimiles of rare old
Furniture, embodying the very spirit of those leisurely days

when the cabinetmaker took rank with the painter, the sculptor

and the architect.

DC luxe prints of attractive interiors, simple or
elaborate as desired, gratis upon request.

Grand Rapids Rirmture Company

INCORPORATED

417-421 MADISON AVENUE

48ffi~49<S Streets - - Formerly of Wesi^'Z^St
NEW YORK

Jfluraiturc

ctions

^ f;

/^^^fk ^^^
Vk l\ /

Vk I \% / s
Vu yr i

lr ' c

|HEN KNIGHTHOOD was in
flower achievement came at
sword points and brawn was
idolized. The splendid ac-
complishments of the crafts-
men were for the time being overshad-
owed by feats of valor. But the skill
developed through years of labor was
not lost, and now while the days of Chiv-
alry are gone, the splendid traditions of
those craftsmen still bear fruit.

AND today Hand-woven Fleur-de-lis
IRISH LINEN damask table cloths and
napkins portray the ultimate in achieve-
ment of the present generation of those
men, who faithfully plied their trade even
in the face of obscurity.

On sale at better stores in the principal
cities of the United States and Canada.
An illustrated catalogue on request.

For finer use also are Fleur-de-lis

linen towels, linen sheets

ana pillow cases.

IRELAND BROTHERS

INCORPORATED

IO2 FRANKLIN ST. NEW YORK CITY

Using S t

House (3* Garden

r i p e s

(Continued jrom page 60)

pitiate conventionality by using at the
same time the formal stripe as the
means thereof.

Just as there are certain fabrics that
are more conventional than others,
notably velours, frizettes, mohairs, taf-
fetas, and silk gauzes, each of prime
importance in its own realm, so are
there certain accepted divisions of sur-
face that are considered typically con-
ventional in the fabric world. Checks,
plaids, blocks, circles and dots share
with stripes the deed to conventional
patterning, but of them all stripes
achieve their end most expeditiously ;
for, depending upon their treatment,
they may be formal, colourful, graceful,
quiet, decorative, and even classic in
effect. No other one distribution of
pattern may fit with such equanimity
into cosy bedrooms, formal halls, tran-
sient breakfast rooms, dining rooms de-
signed to entertain right royally, into
living rooms that never pall. No other
motif may be so deservedly popular for
interpreting period and historic effects,
for fitting into the very spirit of the
delicate Sheraton and Hepplewhite
rooms, for refining the more ornate
French ones.

In the decorative use of stripes the
effect of colour is interesting, as well as
varied. The use of two or more colours
in thin stripes is just as legitimate a
method of mixing a colour, as if one
took brushes and colours from a paint-
box to. do it. A material composed of
fine lines of yellow and blue will inevi-
tably make green, and the farther one
gets away from the broken lines of
colour the greener the material seems.
Finely spaced black and white accom-
plishes a grey effect ; red and blue
creates purple or mauve; red and white,
if distributed finely enough makes one
of the tones of rose; lavender and green,
both of exactly the same tone value,
causes the material to look grey from a
distance. When two of the three pri-
mary colours, in any degree of brilliance,
appear together in the proper quantity

on any given surface, and the distance
is sufficient to allow them to blend, they
will always make the colour that those
two primaries are known to make.
When all three primary colours, red,
yellow and blue, are present in a striped
combination, they will form some sort
of a grey tone.

It is distinctly well to know these
facts, for many people pick out their
stripes close at hand, and are resulting-
ly disappointed when, from across the
room, the colours do stunts that quite
upset the equilibrium of their cherished
colour scheme.

If a one-tone effect is desired, this
end is easily gained, and the broken
surface is usually more interesting than
is the perfectly flat and plain one. Be
sure you are getting the effect you de-
sire, however, by laying a length of the
material, or a breadth of the paper, as
far away from you in the room as you
can place it; in this way you can judge
well of the mixing of your colours. If
you wish a distinctly two-tone or two-
colour effect from your striped stuff,
choose stripes wide enough so that the
merging of one tone into the other can-
not take place within the radius of your
four walls, see that the stripes are wide
enough to carry to the extreme limit of
the room.

Just as we find that the colour com-
bination of a well-marked striped mate-
rial creates an especial brilliance that
could not in any way be achieved by
any one of those colours used alone,
no matter how bright, so do we find
that a small line of other colour break-
ing almost unnoticeably a certain col-
our of almost primary strength imparts
an illusion of life and vividness that
the material would not be able to show
without this same invisible line. Such
is the effect of one colour on another.
In the first instance we may have a
material striped in orange and fawn and
black on cream, a decoratively colour-
ful harmony that "carries" the room ;
(Continued on page 78)

Vertical stripes produce an effect of height m this
bedroom. The curtains are blue, with valances
striped in blue and grey. The same striped fabric is
used on the dressing table, stool and chair. The blue
of the curtains makes the table flounce and the bed-
spread

April, 1922

THE designers of Crane's Writ-
ing Papers combine an intimate
knowledge of the usages of
society with intuitive percep-
tion of what is beautiful in
shape, texture and colors. The
quality of these fine writing pa-
pers is the result of more than a
century of conscientious paper
making; their style is the in-
spiration of today.

EATON, CRANE & PIKE COMPANY

NEW YORK. PITTSFIELD, MASS.

Crane's
"Writing ^Papers

cMunllo

THERE is nothing more pleasing and
more correct in fne writing paper
than is expressed in these fve styles
of Crane's Linen Lawn.

One quire boxes
back to 75 cents.

EVERY question that could possibly
arise concerning correct invitation
forms, correspondence, visiting
cards, etc., is answered in this jjo
page book. It is the work of
Caroline De Lancey, a recognized
authority. We will mail you a copy,
with usable samples of Crane' s
Linen Lawn, on receipt of 60 cents.

SHEETS and envelopes almost never
come out even. This is always an
annoyance and often a waste, es-
pecially when stationery is stamped.
To meet this situation Crane's Writ-
ing Papers are packed in fve quire
taxes with sheets and envelopes so
proportioned as to avoid this waste.

House & Garden-

FRE E -Thi s Book on
Home Beautifying

THIS book contains practical suggestions on
how to make your home artistic, cheery and
inviting. Explains how you can easily and
economically refinish and keep furniture, wood-
work, floors and linoleum in perfect condition.
Fill out and mail coupon below for a free copy.

JOHNSON'S

PUSJP - Liquid - Powdered

PREPARED WAX

Johnson's Prepared \Yax comes in three convenient forms
— Paste Wax, for polishing floors and linoleum — Liquid
Wax, the dust-proof polish for furniture, woodwork, and
automobiles — Powdered Wax, for perfect dancing floors.

Are You Building?

If so, you will find our book particularly interesting and
useful. It tells how to finish inexpensive soft woods so
they are as beautiful and artistic as hard wood. Explains
just what materials to use and how to apply them. In-
cludes color card — gives covering capacities, etc. Enables
you to talk intelligently on Wood Finishing to your archi-
tect and contractor.

Our Individual Advice Department is in the hands of a
corps of experts who give all questions on wood finishing
prompt and careful attention.

S. C. JOHNSON & SON, Dept. HG4, RACINE, WIS.

(Canadian Factory — Brantford)

I Please send me free and postpaid your book on Home Beautifying and Wood Fin-
ishing "The Proper Treatment for Floors, Woodwork and Furniture."

; One of the best painters here is

His Address is
| My Name

Mv Address

Using Stripes

(Continued from page 76)

in the second we may have a greenish
blue, or peacock blue, sunfast, broken
by the finest hair line of golden yellow,
that vivifies the material just as the sun
does when it shines through the same
colour and glorifies it.

Stripes may run in any direction, so
it be artistically done, as may be noticed
in the three rooms designed to show
you some of the varied uses of stripes.
In the living room the stripes run hori-
zontally for the most part, and the
colour scheme is rather quiet, except for
that glorious action of colour that takes
place in some striped materials. These
stripes are easily the most interesting
points in the room; their luscious pea-
cock greens, their old wistaria tones
that are enhanced by their nearness to
the greens, the accents of black and
ivory, make the curtains at once full of
colour and character. The walls are
cream, done in a jaspe striped paper;
the woodwork is of a particularly
luscious tone of apple green, dignified
rather than gay; the rug is in two-
toned grey, the small rug in pea-
cock green and black. All the furniture
in the room is of old mahogany except
a few painted pieces done in green-grey,
and the corner cupboard that matches
the apple green woodwork on the out-
side, with the green-grey furniture-tone
used for the shelves and their back-
ground. Under the peacock, mauve,
black and ivory curtains are hung draw
curtains of heavy pickle green satin.

The sofa is covered in mauve glazed
chintz showing fine pin stripes of green,
which act as a greying influence, and
effective diamond-shaped medallions of
ivory and black. The gold framed mir-
ror and the crystal sconces add charm
to the wall above the sofa, and the
leather bindings of the books in the cup-
board are in delicate pastel colourings,
turquoise, tan, rose, blue and green,
tooled in gold. The tip-top table is

done in black and decorated in green,
gold and mauve, the lampshades are of
mauve vellum banded in ivory, the
chair at the desk is upholstered in green-
grey velours to match its frame, and
the pillows on the sofa are of the same-
material.

More startlingly colourful is the little-
dining room that is striped bias-wise.
Here the walls are in deep ivory, the
rug in tan and black, the curtains in
that glorious rust colour with bias,
stripes of black and gold. The furni-
ture is black with bands and decora-
tions of rust and gold, and the table is
lined underneath with rust, the dresser
is lined inside with it. The dishes are
predominantly done in that rich old yel-
low that is so effective on ivory porce-
lain.

The bedroom, whose stripes run ver-
tically, depends upon its colour scheme
for a quiet and restful effect. Against
pale grey walls the periwinkle blue
taffeta curtains are a joy, with their
valances striped in blue and grey and
accented by the merest pin stripe of
orange yellow. The glass curtains are
yellow, with draw curtains hung be-
tween them and the side drapes that
introduce a note of deep grey; these
draw curtains are of silk striped hori-
zontally with yellow, and together with
the black furniture and the black and
grey rug provide the dark notes in the
room. The dressing table is flounced in
blue to match the windows, the bed-
spread is of the same taffeta, the chairs,
are upholstered in the blue, grey and
yellow stripe, and the black furniture is
decorated with gold and blue posies.
The pillows used throughout the room
are of soft yellow, and all the flower
bowls are filled in season with orange
calendulas, marigolds, pale yellow
daisies, blue and yellow pansies, lark-
spurs or pink snapdragons.

ETHEL DAVIS SEAL.

If You Are Going To Build

(Continued from page 66)

dwelling. But oh, what a difference on
the inside ! It is gloomy, unfinished,
without colour or individuality. And
you realize that much hard work is
ahead to make this house into the home
you have pictured. You have all the
question of interior finish to decide, the
infinite detail of making the inside of
the home comfortable, beautiful and
livable. For this your floors must be
perfect, but held away in the back-
ground, your walls and woodwork in-
teresting, even original and unusual, but
still a background; for the foreground
there are your furniture and fittings,
intimate, colourful, individual or per-
sonal as your temperament and taste
dictate. Alas, so many houses reverse
this formula. First the floors greet
you, next the walls hurry after them,
and the furniture and draperies are too
often meaningless and inharmonious.

Good wood, well finished is as im-
portant in your house as the construc-
tion of roofs and walls. The base-
board, the picture moulding, the frame-
work around the doors and windows,
the wainscoting, the window trim all
must be carefully selected and very well
put in, as your woodwork not only adds
to the beauty of the house but helps to
render it impervious to cold and wet
and draughts.

Most pine wood — which is generally
used — has a natural lightness in weight
and colour due to the absence of resin.
With this is a tough fibre and a rich
texture. It also has a definite absorb-
ing quality which enables it to take
hold of finish, stain or enamel and hold
it permanently.

A soft tough wood is especially im-
portant for interior trim because it
lends itself easily to the working out of
fine mouldings and carved ornament.
Whatever the colour is to be on the
wood the priming coat should be of a
nature to penetrate every grain of the
wood. This produces the chemical
affinity so essential in the treatment of
wood before the paint or stain is added.

Different types of stains are required
for different types of wood and the
modern method of handling wood is to-
take it in its natural condition and, by
skillful treatment, bring out the beauty
of the grain and the colours that please.
In many instances the colour and tex-
ture desired may be produced on any
kind of wood; for instance, if you want,
mahogany effect you can get it on beech
or birch or pine; or you can, to some-
extent, intensify the natural colour, you
can take a genuine mahogany, add a.
rich mahogany stain and then a wax
finish. The same thing can be done
with walnut or oak. Or you can bring
out a rich yellow tone in Sitka spruce.
Oak can be finished so that it will be
dark, yellow or English black oak.
Birch may be finished to have greenish,
yellow or red streaks, or wood brown
with darker brown. Cedar may be
treated with an acid stain so that it
may be brought down almost to a sur-
face of grey or black. Almost any-
wood can be made to look like any
other wood or more intensified itself if
left without any finish, shellacked or
oiled and waxed. It all depends upon
how you are going to handle your room
(Continued on page 80)

April, 1922

One quality that women praise is the
luxurious comfort of the new Cadillac.

They discover it in the spacious inter-
ior and in the restfulness of the deep,
soft cushions.

It is wonderfully apparent in the ease
and the evenness of Cadillac travel.

She that drives the car refers, with
elation, to its comfortable control, its
quick obedience to the slightest turn
of the wheel.

There is just as real and just as satis-
fying a sense of comfort in the knowl-
edge of Cadillac dependability.

Indeed one seldom need think of the
mechanics of the Cadillac save to
congratulate one's self on the surety
of their functioning.

It is the unanimous opinion of owners,
and our own judgment as well, that
motoring comfort is raised to a new
and indescribably delightful degree in
the Type 61 Eight-Cylinder Cadillac.

CADILLAC MOTOR CAR COMPANY, DETROIT, MICHIGAN

Division of General M otors Corporation

A D

House & Garden

The Qenuine

is for sale only by

the firms listed here:

joliti Wanamaker Xcw York
John NYananiaker

Philadelphia
I'aine Furniture Company

Boston
TheHalli' Bros. To.

Cleveland, Ohm
Trorlicht-Dtaneker Carpet

Co. St. Louis

Hubert Keith Furniture &
Carpet Co.

Kansas City, Mo.
James McCn-ery Co.

New York
The Tobt-y Furniture Co.

Chicago

W. A: J. Sloanc

San Francisco
Woodward & Lothrop

Washington, D. C.
The J. L. Hudson Co.

Detroit

The C. \V. Fischer Fur-
niture Co. Milwaukee
The M. O'Neil Co.

Akron, Ohio
Dauler-CIose Furniture Co.

Pittsburgh
Frederick Loeser & Co.

Brooklyn

McCreery & Co. Pittsburgh
Duff & Repp Furniture Co.

Kansas City, Mb.
Frederick & Nelson

Seattle
Loveman, Joseph & Loeb

Birmingham, Alabama

The Marston Company

San Diego
MacDougall & Southwick

Seattle
Tlie H. & S. Pogue Co.

Cincinnati

Pauper Bros. Dalian

Ore-hard & Wilhclm Omaha
Jennings Furniture Co.

Memphis
Howe & Rogers Company

Rochester. N. Y.
The F. G. & A. HnwaM Co.

Columbus, Ohio
The Van Heusen Charles Co.
Albany, N. Y.
Sydnor & Hundley

Richmond, Va.

Harbour-Longmlre Co.

Oklahoma City
Williams & Morgan

I'tica. New York
The Flint-Bruce Company

Hartford, Conn.
The Daniels-Fisher Stores

Co. Denver

Lindsay & Morgan

Savannah, Georgia
W. A. French & Co.

Minneapolis
The Stewart Dry Goods Co.

Louisville. Ky.
Bass Furniture Co.

Oklahoma City
Parker-Gardner Co.

Charlotte, N. C.
Burgess-Nash Co. Omaha

Because much of
its colour is
found in the
books, and be-
cause the room
is small , the
woodwork in
this library was
kept simple and
painted white.
Edmund B. Gil-
cltrist, architect

(Left) An effect
of Greek beauty
is obtained by
the use of Ionic
pilasters which
frame the fire-
place and reach
to the ceiling.
They are pine
wood, unstained,
as are the book-
cases at each side

If You Are Going to Build

(Continued from page 78)

and the particular colours you want.

Your woodwork and trim must either
be so carefully considered in relation to
drapery and furniture that they become
a part of your colour scheme, or they
must be so neutral that they recede from
view, merely holding together the fur-
nishings and fittings as they are assem-
bled. Your wood finish can bring about
great confusion throughout your house
if you have not thought of it in con-
nection with walls and furniture.

An interesting house on Long Island
illustrates this point. The woodwork
throughout the first floor was originally
a dead light brown, Mission effect ; the
floors were rather bright oak and the
furniture miscellaneous. Without being
beautiful, the general effect was rather
comfortable and livable. Then some
beautiful Jacobean peasant furniture
was brought over from an English
estate, and the place that had been just
livable became unbelievably ugly. The
woodwork and all the trim had to be
scraped and toned down to the oak, the
floors made almost black and all the
modern coloured glass taken out. Old
rugs were put on the floor and the
draperies were rich and old. At once
the rooms pulled together; the walls and
floors drew back and the rich, fine, sim-
ple furniture dominated the entire space.

If you have furniture on hand that
must be used for the sake of sentiment
or economy, or because it is rare and
beautiful, plan your wood to harmonize
or to contrast interestingly. But unless
your furniture is actually antique, pieces
of rare interest or beauty, consider well
before you use too many old things in
a new house.

But, if for economy's sake you are
using badly designed old furniture, then

why not make it over as you would an
unbecoming dress? You can often get
really good effects from a collection of
unrelated ugly pieces by the intelligent
use of an axe, sand paper, paint or
stain.

In a well furnished house there is
usually some relationship between rooms
that in any way connect and between
all the rooms and the hall on one floor.
Often the floors are alike throughout
the first story, which includes dining
room, sitting room, library and hall.
For these floors, unless you are putting
in a rare inlay, tile, cement or com-
position, you would probably use wood,
— oak, maple, birch, cypress, beech or
pine.

For window trim and doors and other
woodwork you would probably use oak
or walnut, maple, cypress, mahogany,
or you may use the softer woods, —
chestnut, pine, cherry, cedar, ash and
redwood.

The great majority of American
homemakers are equally divided about
the use of paint and stain on their
woodwork, but they are fairly unani-
mous in deciding that if a wood is go-
ing to be painted, it is better to use the
more economical woods, such as pine,
ash, or chestnut. If you decide to paint
your woodwork, you can finish it with
a high gloss-like enamel or a dull fin-
ish, smooth or mat. You can have it
sand papered and moisture proof, grit
and moth proof, the only necessary ef-
fort is to decide what you want. In
the bedrooms, nursery and upper hall
a grey mat finish or the numberless
delicate tones in paint are usually used
for the woodwork, much more so than
natural woods stained or oiled. Just
(Continued on page 118)

pril, 1922

Keep the story with a KODAK

Today it's a picture of Grandmother reading to the children. To-
morrow it may be Bobbie playing traffic policeman or Aunt Edna at the
wheel of her new car or Brother Bill back from college for the week-end or—

There's always another story waiting for your Kodak.

Free at your dealer's or from us — "At Home with the Kodak," a well
illustrated little book that will help in picture-making at your house.

Autographic Kodaks $6.50 up

Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, N. Y., The Kodak City

House & Garden

i. *•:

KARNAK WILTON RUGS

The Aristocrat of American Wiltons

I
I

KARNAK RUGS are worthy kin to the rare
Orientals. Borrowing much ot the beauty
of design and coloring which distinguishes
the finest Oriental floor coverings, and inter-
preting that beauty through high quality of
materials and craftsmanship, the Karnak
provides an exceptional combination of
charm and utility.

The owner of a Karnak rug is increasingly
impressed by the tact that he has obtained
more of the uncommon characteristics of
the true Orientals than could reasonably be
expected in a reproduction.

Our comprehensive display of these Karnak
Wilton Rugs permits of the most discrim-
inating selection.

W & J SLOANE

FIFTH AVENUE AND 47™ STREET, NEW YORK
SAN FRANCISCO WASHINGTON, D. C.

April, 1922

mw*,

W & SJ.OANE

FIFTH AVENUE AND 47™ STREET, NEW YORK
SAN FRANCISCO WASHINGTON, D. C.

<^^v^ fcMrf j;:ih*^u^^^

^'^.*.'"r^*TTrn'Ji'j.i'l^-..'-..,y*yj.'.. JB1.!. , f ...... ..^ ............ ^i .. . . ^.j-*r. J./, ,...?., /i'".*^ J'if.. Vin'ii ;. ^i

:i Hill 'i!|!i'"'

House & Garden

"And On Our First Anniversary
We Had This Whittall Rug"

You too will treasure your Whittall Rug after many
anniversaries. And even then, you •will view it with
assurance that it has still more to give of beauty and
service.

For underlying beauty is woven into Whittall Rugs.
And you can safely be guided by their beauty as it is
always a truthful expression of their quality,

Send for beautifully illustrated book-
let "Oriental Art in Whittall Rugs."
printed in full colors and containing
much that will guide your selection in
floor coverings that endure.

M. J. WHITTALL ASSOCIATES

170 Brussels St. Worcester, Mass.

U THE MflRK OF Ql^ILITY _

illlillllllll1!!', I 'JIlHllIlllll

Into this purely modern home have been incorporated some of the

pueblo traditionary devices, especially the carved roof beams, the

rough adobe wall and the flat roof

Pueblo— A Native American Architecture

(Continued from page 52)

Conquistadores these primitives have railroads, has made original and price-
exerted not a little influence upon the less contributions to the arts. And a
culture of a civilization which is gradu- growing appreciation of this is bringing
ally inundating them. So that not only the Indian motif more and more into
are the old Spanish Missions of New favor. It is true that some very bad
Mexico quite different from the Spanish things have been done. Contractors
Missions of California, and the houses have taken hideous liberties with native
too distinctive, but there is now an architecture. But still a number of
awakening to the beauty, the inherent beautiful buildings have been construct-
fitness, of this kind of building. ed on purely Indian lines, while those

"Strong, beautiful, interesting," pueb- of Spanish influence are invariably
lo architecture is characterized by art- charming. That is, until someone feels
ists who visit the .Southwest, while that he can put his own personal ex-
painters of the art colonies at Taos and pression into the plastic clay. But one
Santa Fe have shown their enthusiasm feels nothing jarring in the little "mud"
by endeavoring to preserve the pure villages of the West. Their very sim-
nativc style. They build their homes plicity seems fool-proof,
on pueblo lines or revive fascinating old It is clear that the modern adobe
structures that revive an atmosphere of house must be carefully plastered or it
ancient Spain as well as of primitive will lack much of the beauty of the
America. original. Centuries of annual replaster-

Building has begun to emerge from ing under the soft palms of the Indian

that horrid period following the pic- woman have achieved through succes-

turesque frontier days ; a period when sive layers that roundness of corners

a "dobe" house was scorned as "Mexi- previously spoken of, which is so es-

can" and pretentious brick, or later gin- sential a feature.

gerbready bungalows, were admired by It is not necessary to have a real

affluent and moderately well-to-do Indian plasterer do this work, but it

alike. For a long time architects either is well to have any rectangular lines

opposed or ignored native architecture chipped away so that the bricks them-

and tried to destroy the growing in- selves will furnish the outline wanted,

terest in it. Forced to the style with- Being a more durable mixture modern

out understanding and "approaching it plaster does not require an annual do-

with neither sympathy nor taste" to ing-over, and has been found to be an

quote an artist who is an authority on improvement on the Indian material,
the subject, "they are still working In considering the chief characteristics

toward its confusion." of the pueblo style material comes first.

During the last decade artists, archae- Adobe, which is simply the name of the

ologists and writers have been flock- clay of the region, is made into large

ing out to New Mexico with a common bricks which are sunbaked, and when

purpose — to study the pueblo people, thoroughly dried are as hard as kiln-
The Indian, too primitive to build (Continued on page 86)

Even so prosaic a structure as this apartment building has been fash-
ioned into a presentable pueblo type with rounded corners, rough
surfaces and the exposed roof beams

April, 1922

jrooc

uiiain

arciwa]

IF you are interested in building, by
all means send iorinformativeillus-
trated booklet, "Good Buildings De-
serve Good Hardware." It contains
sound counsel on the character and
quality of hardware that should be a
permanent part of every good building.

P.&F. CORBIN

SINCE 1849

The American HaraV'are Corporation, Successor
NEW BRITAIN CONNECTICUT

NEW YORK CHICAGO PHILADELPHIA

House &• Garden

Orinoka

"3 ^

DRAPERIES & UPHOLSTERIES
COLORS GUARANTEED SUN&TUBFAST

life .i«

in! ioi !

Mi! fe ;

Pueblo — A Native American Architecture

(Continued from page 84)

IN THIS CHARMING BREAKFAST ROOM, window curtains are of
Torcnto, a medium-weight, lustrous taffeta damask. French door
curtains are Rayivick Gauze, bound with Satinella. Table run-
ners arc Satinclla; chairs upholstered with Checkerboard Tapestry.

THE beauty of Orinoka Guaranteed Sunfast Drap-
eries is lasting. Neither exposure to sunlight nor
washing can fade their colors in the slightest degree.
Orinoka Guaranteed Sunfast Draperies are dyed in
our own mills by our own special process. Long service
makes the use of Orinoka Guaranteed Sunfast a real
economy.

Orinoka Guaranteed Sunfast Draperies may be had
in all weights from sheer casement cloths for use against
the glass to heavy materials for overdraperies, uphol-
stery and portieres. There are many beautiful weaves,
plain and figured, in all the latest colorings.

The Orinoka Guarantee

To every bolt of Orinoka Sunfast and Tubfast
Draperies is attached a tag bearing this printed guar-
antee : "These goods are guaranteed absolutely fade-
less. If color changes from exposure to sunlight or
from washing, the merchant is hereby authorized
to replace them with new goods or to refund the
purchase price." Look for this guarantee.

Send for this Booklet

Our new Booklet, "Color Harmony in
Window Draperies," prepared by a New
York decorator, will be sent postpaid for
20c. It contains many illustrations of
window, door, and bed treatments, together
with reproductions of the fabrics, all in
color ; also practical directions for choosing
materials, making and hanging draperies.

THE ORINOKA MILLS, 510 Clarendon Bldg., New York City

baked bricks. The walls are generally
two bricks in depth or about 2' thick,
but when made very high they must be
correspondingly thicker. When they
mounted several stories they were stead-
ied with thick piers or buttresses of
solid masonry as additional support.

The architecture of the pueblos is
dignified, of definite type, a complete
expression of the needs of the Indian
and of the material at hand. It is ele-
mental in its simplicity, sculptural in
quality, beautiful in colour and texture
of material, whether the walls be
smooth or rough, and with enough
variety in detail to make it structurally
interesting.

Original Indian Structures

The skill of the Indian in building
has been the subject of recent articles
by the head of the American School of
Archaeology, who shows how Indian
masonry compares with the Egyptian.
There is usually a foundation of stone,
carefully joined and cemented with
adobe. The pyramidal pueblo, which
rose four, five, even six terraces high,
was the original apartment house, a
primitive community dwelling designed
for protection. In the pueblos built
around a central square, or plaza, the
houses are rarely more than two or
three stories high, and usually have en-
closed courtyards of their own.

The roof veranda, from which blank-
eted figures gazed at night, just as the
Chaldeans gazed from their housetops,
the massive buttresses flanking thick
walls, unexpected flights of steps con-
necting different levels, these are dis-
tinguishing features of dwellings in
which pueblo Indians lived several
thousand years B.C. and in which they
live today. The interiors are of primi-
tive simplicity, naturally, although fire-
places have been highly perfected. They
"draw" and throw out heat properly,
and they are beautiful, whether they be
tiny, intimate corner affairs, or great
five-foot furnaces with overmantel,
hood and raised hearth.

When the Spaniards came they found
a country upon which another people
had already put its stamp. In New
Mexico an already established architec-
ture was encountered. The wonderful
old Spanish Missions of California
transport one to Spain itself, but there
is a different note in the Pueblo style,
simpler, but no less interesting than the
pure Spanish type. The Spaniard, too,
naturally built with the materials at
hand, and under Spanish inspiration the
low-ceiled mud hut rose to a lofty
church with vast dim interior, and
beautifully beamed ceilings; it extended
into an impressive succession of rooms,
surrounding a square patio, with ar-
caded porches. Cedars were brought from
the mountains for the carved "vigas"
or beams, which supported the roof.
The hand of the Indian is seen in the
"lost and found" contours, the soft out-
line of the walls, in the rounded corners.
It is literally the hand of the Indian,
and with a feminine touch at that, for
most of the building and all of the plas-
ter and stucco work is still done by the
Indian women, who never use a trowel,
but apply and smooth the plaster with
their palms. The very irregularities
give quality to the walls.

A primitive but lovely lighting effect
was achieved in the candle niches hol-
lowed from the walls, and the usefully
numerous small cupboards sculped out
by the Indian were adorned with carved
doors by the Spaniard. The housetop
balcony received a balustrade and a
half pergola of projecting vigas. The
corner fireplace, so distinctive of the
pueblo, with its snug little hearth pro-
tected by a low partition, became a
great favorite.

These simple but attractive features
have been made most effective use of in
homes built upon the Indian plan today.
While some mistakes have been made
in groping after effects which would be
distinctive there are, on the other hand,
buildings which are eminently success-
ful. The Museum at Santa Fe is a com-
posite of the monumental old Mission
churches which remain to New Mexico,
and while, of course, it is peculiarly
"simpatica," appropriate, in that en-
vironment, it has features which are be-
ing copied in other parts of the South-
west.

Another feature of this indigenous
architecture which is gradually finding
a warmer spot in the heart of the home
builder, is colour. The primitive Indian
used colour found in nearby rocks to
mix with plaster for his house, for the
outer walls and for frescoes within. Even
the tiniest of cave dwellings had fres-
coed borders of a terra cotta pink or a
golden buff, lovely today, even after a
thousand years or more. And some of
the pueblos, notably Isleta, are like
glowing opals in the sunset, when they
have been freshly coated with that
indescribably lovely, creamy - pink
plaster.

When the Spanish came they felt the
need of even more colour; too often
they neglected to plaster the dun adobe
wall, but they redeemed themselves and
their houses with doors and casements
of "Holy Mary" blue, a favorite colour
with religious significance. Sometimes
emerald green was used, and a faqade
of saimon pink or some other light
cheerful shade was added. These bril-
liant tones were for years considered
crudities, but the time has arrived when
people are beginning to see that they
are lovely.

And joyous vivid hues are now daring
more and more to call attention to the
charming contrast of shimmering white
or pinky-buff walls. The Indians have
a secret in mixing their plasters, using
the right amount of lime and a certain
silicate, which give to the walls a fas-
cinating, somewhat velvety surface
which is the despair of imitators.

Other Spanish Touches

As was said before, the Spanish touch
is as different in New Mexico from its
expression in other parts of the Spanish-
settled Americas as are the Alhambra
and the fortress at San Juan, Porto
Rico. One notes the Gallic accent in
the French interpretation of classic
architecture, and the Spaniard flung up
new world walls with a truly Latin
gesture, stayed a bit by the hand of
the Indian. In the Southwest grilled
iron railings on balconies, tiled floors
and arabesques are unknown, but the
patio and the portal, arched gateways,
wooden-barred doors and windows, are
reminiscent of that most decorative na-
tion which sent forth the Conquista-
dores.

Tucked among the foothills is a little
railroad station which is a veritable
jewel; wholly "encantadora" is its
Spanish charm, a retired green patio,
an emerald within its bosom, cool
arcades casting amethystine shadows.
But in spite of the Spanish atmosphere
there is a feeling, unanalyzed perhaps,
yet quite apparent, of something vital,
different, expressive of the country.

Pueblo architecture and early Spanish
types of the Southwest cannot be con-
sidered apart, the latter partakes so
much of the former. The moulding of
two forms in a common clay has pro-
duced some wonderfully harmonious na-
tive forms. They offer not a little in-
spiration to architects who will give
them careful study. There are features
which can be incorporated in any dwell-
ing.

April, 1922

THE ESTEY RESIDENCE PIPE ORGAN

THE ESTEY RESIDENCE ORGAN is furnished with complete manual
and pedal claviers and all other mechanical accessories required
by the human organist ; and it is also equipped with the Estey
Organist, the self'playing device which transforms each owner
into a skilled organist.

ESTEY ORGAN COMPANY, Brattleboro, Vermont

House & Garde;

Fabrics of Sheerest White
for Summer Frocks

WHEN summer comes again and the sun
blazes down no frock will be quite so re-
freshingly cool as one of sheer White. And
none will be smarter, for Fashion has ordained
White as a rival of the "voyante" colored
modes. Farseeing women are including several
frocks of sheer White in their new wardrobes.

WhiteDimities^ Cobwebby and light — but crisp.
Some woven with threads of varying thicknesses
that pattern themselves in stripes, checks, plaids,
and novelty effects, joe to $1.25 a yard.

White Dotted Swisses — Sprinkled with dots
that vary in size from little powder grains to big
round flakes. Our own importation. 31 inches.
$1.00 to $2.00 a yard.

White Novelty Voiles and Crepes — Delicate,
supple fabrics. Dropstitched in stripe and check
patterns, that again drop stitches but make up the
deficit by fine square cordings. Sometimes they
resemble checker-boards with their plain and
embroidered squares — but always possess a novel
and enchanting delicacy. 5oc to $1.75 a yard

White Madras and Cheviots — Here again the
corded and dotted patterns score while Jacquard
figures and checks maintain a smart air all their
own. 5oc to $1.25 a yard.

White Linens — Will it be a sheer, a medium, or
a rough, heavy weave ? Will it be for a Waist,
a whole Dress, or a separate Skirt? There are all
weights, all of the usual McCutcheon quality.
36 and 45 inches wide. $i to $5 a yard.

Other White Goods

There are Organdies, Poplins, Lawns, Repps, Nain-
sooks, Piques, Long Cloths and others — in staple weaves
and new weaves, and designs too numerous to mention.

We 'want you to see the sheer delicacy — the fine

strength of these fabrics. Write for samples.

They are all ready to mail to you.

Reg. Trade Mark

James McCutcheon & Co.

Department No. 44

Fifth Avenue, 34th and 33d Streets, New York

A modern stand, almost too heavy in design, sup-
ports this lacquer cabinet of black and gold

The Story of Lacquer

(Continued irotn page 42)

far higher degree of perfection than the
Chinese lacquerers; others agree with
the opinion of the Dutch traveller Van
Linschoten who, describing the lac-work
that he had seen in 1598, wrote that,
"The fayrest Workenmanshippe therof
cometh from China."

The discovery of lac and its proper-
ties is lost in the mists of antiquity.
Probably it was first turned to a prac-
tical use as a glaze for drinking cups to
make them water-tight; the discovery
of its decorative qualities must soon
have followed. Ancient Chinese records
prove that there is no branch of modern
lacquer that was not known — to some
extent — and practised in the remote
Sung dynasty (960), but such speci-
mens of these antiquities as survive are
jealously guarded in China, and the

idea that any Chinese lacquer which ha
reached us is "ancient" is an error
Very little of our oriental lacquer date
beyond the 16th or 17th Centuries, am
cabinets and furniture of even thes:
periods are exceedingly rare and pro
portionately valuable.

Unlike our manufactured varnish
Chinese lac is a natural product whicl
is drawn from the trees on summe
nights almost ready-made. The barl
is scored and the resinous sap exudes
smooth-flowing, and with a fain
aromatic smell; it is collected in shells
dried, or half-dried, into cakes for thi
market. These dry and brittle cake
are reddish brown in colour, and fron
this the name lacquer may have beer
derived — lak in Persian signifying red
(Continued on page 90)

Apart jrom its lacquer surface
and occasional design, the real
beauty of this chest is found in
the silver lock and simple base
on which it rests

Compared with the simple chest
opposite, the beauty of this
black and gold cabinet is lost
by being badly placed on a
rococco gilt stand

TRIANON

from
Solid Silver

INTERNATIONAL STERLING is
valued — because of the
beauty and utility with which
it invests the dining-room.

International Sterling is treas-
ured — because of the mem-
ories and associations which
cluster themselves about it,
and become vivid with mean-
ing for generations of heirs.

Trianon is one of the classic
designs which has been
wrought from solid silver.
It is massive yet chaste.

oA "Book of Silver on Request

Write for Book iss •
the. Trianon brochure.

International Silver Co.
Meriden - - - - - Conn.

This craftsman's mark
identifies the genuine

TRADE MAUt

•INTERNATIONAL

STERLING

^'Wasferpictces* of the (PI assies*

House & Garden

DIRECTORY0/DECORATION 8 FINE ARTS

JESSICA TREAT

Interior Decoration
Architectural Advice
Decorative Objects

1512 Marl em Boulevard
Rockford, Illinois

The

FLORENTINE
CRAFTSMEN

Artisans In

WROUGHT IRON
CREATION'S

and

REPRODUCTIONS

RENAISSANCE
LANTERN IN
HANDWR OUGHT
IRON

Black Finish

S22.OO

Com file 'te

4" High— 31" Over All
Phone FRANKLIN 4!o-i

253 Church Street, New York

MACBRIDE

"THE HOUSE OF Tnm:r. GABLES*'
17 \VEST J51ST ST., NEW YORK

Iron Console,
Marble Top,

#45-00

Painted Screens
$10.00 each

Mirror, antique
blue and red
frame, #24.00
Lamps #17.50
each.

The Story of Lacquer

(Continued from page 88)

The process of lacquering is one of
the most exacting that the mind of man
has devised; it demands infinite pa-
tience and infinite skill, from the meti-
culous preparation of the wood basis
down to the last fine touch of gilded
ornament. Well-seasoned wood is the
usual foundation; this is planed and
polished, and when every flaw has been
removed a piece of silk gauze or fine
paper is pasted on. The surface thus
prepared is next covered with a prepara-
tion which varies; of burnt clay mixed
with varnish, or of red sandstone
ground fine and blended with ox gall.
When this is dry it is smoothed with
a whetstone and rubbed with wax. On
this groundwork the lacquer is laid
very evenly in thin coats with a hard
flat brush. The number of coats varies
according to the quality of the work ;
the rule is "Never less than three, never
more than eighteen," yet twenty or
even thirty coats were not uncommon
in the finest Japanese lacquer. Each
coat is dried before the next is laid on,
and — paradox though it sounds — will
not harden to the proper adamantine
degree except in an atmosphere that is
slightly damp, warm and humid. It is
then polished and another coat of lac-
quer applied, and the drying, polishing,
and laying on are repeated till the
proper depth has been achieved and the
glossy, lustrous and almost metallic
surface is ready for decoration.

It is obvious even in so bald a sum-
mary that the process is a slow one.
Each layer would take weeks, even
months to dry, and certain fine pieces
were not completed under many years.
Small wonder that the cost was high,
and that the best work has rarely been
allowed to leave its native land. Orien-
tal lacquer which is made for export
has neither the delicacy nor the durabil-
ity that marked the old productions.

Chinese lacquer falls into two divi-
sions: (1) painted; (2) and incised (or
carved). Canton was already famous
(in the 14th Century) for the quality of
its painted lacquer, which was at once
light and solid and of a high brilliance.
Quantities are still made there and ex-
ported, but in the hurry of over-pro-
duction something of the old fine char-
acteristics has been lost. Modern Can-
ton lacquer is generally black, decorated
with flowers, scrolls, and ornaments
over-lavishly applied in shades of gold
and silver.

Foochovj Lacquer

Foochow is the other important cen-
tre for the painted variety. Exquisite
work is still done there. Foochow lac-
quer has always been distinguished by
a rare depth and beauty of colour and
perfection of surface; the decoration is
generally a combination of relief and
brushwork charmingly arranged. The
designation of "Foochow Lacquer" is
applied to the type of work which was
made there originally. This was yellow,
very solid, and very thin, with the orna-
mentation in relief and an effect of
clouds brushed on. Specimens of gen-
uine "Foochow Lacquer" are exceeding-
ly scarce. Carved (or incised) lacquer
is associated with Pekin and Foochow.
The kind that is known as "Pekin Lac-
quer" is carved and the colour is a
bright vermilion, made from cinnabar
and red sulphate of mercury.

Incrustations of jade, ivory, mala-
chite, lapis lazuli, coral, pearl, and so on
are used sometimes on both the painted
and carved lacquer.

The familiar black and red lacquer is
made in a considerable variety of less

positive colours. The pure white lac-
quer of the 15th Century can no longer
be made, since the recipe for it is lost,
but there are many tints of light grey,
yellow, green, brown, copper, gold, and
silver. Transparent yellow lacs are
made with gamboge; powdered gold
(or brass) is used for "golden yellow";
greenish yellow comes from orpiment
(yellow sulphide of arsenic) ; indigo
added to the orpiment produces shades
of green; brown tones are produced by
mixing black and vermilion.

European Importations

It was not until the 17th Century
that the decorative value of lacquer was
recognized in England, though here and
there wealthy travellers had been bring-
ing home odd pieces — "India cabinets"
as they were called — since Tudor times.
In France Cardinal Mazarin was al-
ready collecting, and the fashion spread
and was firmly established when the
18th Century dawned. Quantities of
lacquer were imported by the Dutch
traders and the East India Company,
not without difficulty, and at a great
cost, to meet the demand. Oriental
screens were sometimes substituted for
panelling, and occasionally hung with
the pattern upside down. Evelyn re-
cords in his Diary (1682) (with a fine
geographical confusion) a visit to Mr.
Bohun, "Whose whole house is a cabi-
net of all elegancies, especially Indian;
in the hall are contrivances of Japan
screens, instead of wainscot. . . . The
landscapes of the screens represent . . .
the country of the Chinese."

The Dutch craftsmen were not slow
to perceive the possibilities latent in the
craze, and to turn their attention to the
home manufacture of "Oriental" lac-
quer, while continuing to import the
real thing from China. At first lac
furniture was made to order for the
wealthy Dutch merchants in China, and
these would send paintings of street
scenes in Amsterdam which were em-
bodied—quaintly enough— by the Chin-
ese craftsmen in screen and cabinet and
duly returned; but the cost of freight-
age was enormous and the risks in
transit terribly high. But once the
Dutchmen had learned the art from
the Oriental teachers they imported, all
was simplified. The work they pro-
duced was an almost perfect imitation,
and for some time they passed it off for
genuine Oriental lac, and as such it
was readily bought up by enthusiasts.

The craze for lacquer reached such a
pitch in England that "japanning," as
it was called, became the fashionable
hobby for fine ladies in the reigns of
William and Mary and Queen Anne. In
schools for modish young ladies it was
taught as an "extra"; handbooks were
published on "The curious art and
mystery of japanning," and in short,
"Everyone was mad about Japan work."
Horace Walpole had a small collection
of old English lacquer at Strawberry
Hill.

It is interesting to compare Oriental
lacquer with its imitations. In all
European work copal varnish is used
instead of the native lac of China. The
finished surface is hardly so brilliant
and fine and the colours and gold less
vivid. Both the Dutch and English
artists followed Oriental designs closely
for the decorations, but the pagodas,
Chinamen, birds, and blossoms just
lack the sure unmistakable Eastern
touch. The English decorations are
modelled in higher relief and are on the
whole less well drawn than those from
Holland.

)ARNLEY

POTTERY TABLE LAMP AND
VELLUM SHADE

Height: 24 inches.

Base: Light or dark blue, red, pink and

canary yellow.
Shade: iS inch diameter with garland

decoration.
Price: Base $zz 50 — Shade $15.00

34 E. 48th St.

NEW YORK

Design 259 Brass 18" High

EAPXY AMERICAN ANDIRONS
Reproduced in Brass and Iron

This pair $10.00
Catalogue H sent on request

THE H.W. COVERT COMPANY
137 East 46ih Street, New York.

Antique Oriental Rugs
Below 1912 Prices

Due to conditions
abroad and which
will not last long, $45
now buys what $100
bought two years
ago, and what $50
bought in 1912; yet
antiques are much
scarcer.

Write for descriptive list.

L. B. Lawton, Skaneateles, N. Y.

April, 1922

CA* NEW YORK SCHOOL of
INTERIOR DECORATION ^

[01 PARK AVE -NEW YORK CITY

Correspond

ence

urses

Sena for Catalogue H.

Your Garden

From the commonplace to
the interesting is but a
short step. Even the ordi-
nary garden may have
charm and individuality
through the addition of a
bit of statuary, a bird-bath,
or a vase ; and superb ef-
fects can be achieved by
those who give a little
thought to the harmony
that exists between verdure
and weathered stone. Study
the possibilities of your
garden. Our catalogue il-
lustrating a great variety
of garden ornaments ex-
ecuted in Pompeian Stone, at prices that are practically nor-
mal will provide innumerable suggestions.

THE ERKINS STUDIOS

Established 1910

240 Lexington Avenue, at 34th Street, New York

The Little Gallery

ESPECIALLY DESIGNED
SILVER TEA SERVICES

TABLE SILVER
ITALIAN GLASS & CHINA
UNUSUAL WEDDING GIFTS

4 East 48th Street, New York City

*. . ._ - .

Hand Painted in Antique Effect

STUDIO

219 East 60th Street

New York

The MACBETH GALLERY

"The Call of the West Wind" by Chas. H. Davis
in the collection of the Butler Art Institute. Youngstown. Ohio

A LOAN EXHIBITION OF PAINTINGS BY

CHARLES H. DAVIS, N. A.

A feu' carefully selected examples will be for sale
March i8th — April i / th

Fully illustrated catalogue mailed on request

450 Fifth Avenue

New York City

The Night Rack

AX orderly attendant for day clothes
/-\ at night. Each garment has its
place — all in one place. Clothing
hd<l to form, freshened and ventilated.
Racks in mahogany and walnut. Ivory
and colored enamels on maple made to
match samples. A useful and attractive
service for bed and dressing rooms. For
men's and women's clothes. Price $15.

STUT>IO8

The Platt Shop

For Interior Decorations

and Furnishings at

moderate prices

Write or telephone

THE PLAIT SHOP, Inc.

i East 4&th Street
New York

Telephone Murray Hill 5054

CREATIONS
OF DISTINCTIVE CHARM

The atmosphere of refine-
ment and quiet elegance
so characteristic of Reed
Shop Creations ma^es them
pre-eminent in the realm
of Reed Furniture.

PRICES CONSERVATIVE

We also feature a choice and wide assortment of Im-
ported Linens and Cretonnes of Exceptional Quality.

Interior Decorating

TR5 REED SHOP. INC.

581 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK

"Suggestions in Reed Furniture" forwarded on receipt of 25c postage.

Your Accessories

This dainty collar and cuff set
would lend a charming note to any
little street dress or suit for spring.
It may be had in fine organdie,
voile or filet tire in the pattern
shown above or in others equally
attractive. They are priced at $5.50.

38 East 48th Street New York City

House & Garden

A Delightful Test

To bring you prettier teeth

This offers you a ten-day test
which will be a revelation to you.
It will show you the way to
whiter, cleaner, safer teeth.

Millions of people of some forty
races now employ this method.
Leading dentists everywhere ad-
vise it. Now you should learn
how much it means to you and
yours.

Clouded by a film

Your teeth are clouded more
or less by film. The fresh film is
viscous — you can feel it with your
tongue. It clings to teeth, enters
crevices and stays. And it forms
the basis of dingy coats.

Old methods of brushing leave
much of that film intact. The
film absorbs stains, so the teeth
look discolored. Film is the basis
of tartar. These coats, more or
less discolored, spoil the luster
of the teeth.

How it ruins teeth

That film holds food substance
which ferments and forms acids.
It holds the acids in contact with
the teeth to cause decay.

Millions of germs breed in it.
They, with tartar, are the chief
cause of pyorrhea. So most tooth
troubles are now traced to that
film, and they are almost univer-
sal.

822

10-Day Tube Free

THE PEPSODENT COMPANY,
Dept. 865, 1104 S. Wabash Ave.,
Chicago, 111.

Mail 10-day tube of Pepsodent to

Only One Tube to a Family

Now we combat it

Dental science, after long re-
search, has found two film com-
batants. Many careful tests have
proved their efficiency. Modern
authorities endorse them. Leading
dentists everywhere urge their
daily use.

A new-day tooth paste has been
created, called Pepsodent. It
complies with modern require-
ments. And these two great film
combatants are embodied in it.

Two other effects

Pepsodent brings two other ef-
fects which authority now deems
essential. It multiplies the starch
digestant in the saliva. That is
there to digest starch deposits
which may otherwise remain to
form acids.

It multiplies the alkalinity of
the saliva. That is Nature's
neutralizer for acids which cause
decay.

An ideal diet, rich in acid-bear-
ing fruit, would bring like effects.
But Pepsodent brings them regu-
larly.

Send the coupon for a 10-Day

Tube and watch these effects for

a while. Note how clean the teeth

feel after using. Mark the absence

of the viscous film. See how teeth

whiten as the film-coats disappear.

Then judge the benefits by

what you see and feel. You will

be amazed.

PAT. OFF.

The New-Day Dentifrice

Endorsed by modern authorities
and now advised by leading den-
tists nearly all the world over.
All druggists supply the large
tubes.

Care of the Household Equipment

(Continued jrom page 64)

Polishing is unnecessary.

Floors of tiles, etc., should be swept
daily. Flush with warm water. Scrub
once a week, strong soap and elbow
grease. Soda and water will remove
stains. If not, use a weak hydrochloric
acid or oxalic acid and wash off im-
mediately with water and soap which
will stop the further action of the acid
on the tile. (One part of acid to two
parts of water.)

Wooden floors also should be swept
daily. Swab (don't scrub a varnished
or painted floor) with warm water and
weak soap. Keep hardwood floors free
from grit, which bites and greys. Use
a soft dry mop of felt or the brushes
the reliable manufacturers make for the
hardwood floors. Occasionally wipe off
with some well known and tested floor
finish.

Today with rustless and ordinary
steel the problem of cutlery is sim-
pk-r and yet more diversified. In the
case of cleaning and scouring ordinary
steel you can use almost any good
scouring powder, but not in the case
of the stainless rustless variety, as it
reduces Ihe polish, the very thing that
maintains imperviousness to rust and
stain. Cutlery should be cleaned im-
mediately after using.

Sharpening knives is best done by an
expert. Vet there are good rotary
sharpeners and stones and steels for
home usefulness or knife destruction
depending upon how they are used. Re-
member when you use a stone not to
feel that you must cut through the
stone itself and that what you are try-
ing to do is to flatten the edge of the
knife and wear off the offending blunt-
nesses. The ideal thing is once or twice
a year to send the knives to a grinder
and then occasionally at home run the
knife blade flatly over a carborundum
tone to get a smoother edge.

The stainless steel cutlery has a special
kind of sharpening stone at present on
the market and it is well to use this.

Good knives need no further edging
when new.

But though you may have the best
steel and the best sharpening, if you
house your knives badly you will have
lost all the good from these things that
there is. It is not good for knives to be
huddled together. They get as cutting
as humans would in the same position.
If they live in a small place together
without their own places they, as peo-
ple, wear on each other. They knick
each other's blades and spoil each
other's usefulness. Knives should be
hung or laid in grooves. A box is now
made for the proper housing of them.
You can, too, hang each knife on a
spring which you can get at a hardware
shop. If you reserve a tenement house
law for the knives of your household
you will have real health and help from
them.

The same story holds for forks. It
would be a good thing to have a ver-
boten sign in your kitchen, reading: "It
is forbidden to open cans, uncork bot-
tles, unlock oven doors, pry open ice
chests, take a nail out of a box with
the forks in this kitchen."

In the case of wooden handles, do not
let them remain soaking in hot water
for ages. Wash and clean them at once.

Floor Coverings

Floor coverings such as mattings
and carpets are today best taken care
of by the vacuum cleaner. Hot water
cloths with a suspicion of ammonia laid
on top of matting are supposed to be a
good thing for its longevity after it is
vacuumed.

Carpets are now coming back into
being after years of retrogressive hate.
Now on account of the vacuum cleaner
they can be used in all their warmth and

beauty and kept sanitary for ordinary
uses by the vacuum cleaner. Talking
of this:

The only thing that this instrument
of redemption needs is oiling, but not
too often ; an occasional dusting off ; and
the emptying of the dust over some-'
thing that doesn't give it back.

Stoves of themselves don't get veryj
dirty. It is the foods that are the trans-
gressors. It is wisest to clean all stoves
when cold. Use kerosene or stove black.
In the case of the gas stove, when the
gas vents become clogged by drippings
of food it is well at least once a week
to take them out and immerse in soda
and water. Wipe off grease and grit
before cleaning surface of stove and
always remove dirt at once. If grease
is removed after every using of the
stove, it will be very easily maintained
in cleanliness and it will never run. away
with you.

The trays under the burners in gas
stoves should be cleaned often and well.
Burners of oil stoves, too, can be im-
mersed in soda and water. About one
quart of water and one-quarter pound
of soda make a good cleaning solution.

Some Miscellanies

Don't let any solid foods get into
the sink. Always have a sink strainer.
Soda and water are a good cleaner.
Flush sink with hot water and clean
it at least three times a day. Grease
is a forbidden quantity in a sink and
should any get in, the hot water flush-
ing will disintegrate it. Warm water
and soap, fine powders such as whiting,
etc., will keep porcelain sinks in good
order.

Xickel can be cleaned with soap and
water and polished with ungritty, well
devised polishes. Never use anything
that will scratch it.

Boil iron in soda and water, rub with
some good powder with a bit of scratch
in it. Use hot soap suds. Dry while it
is hot.

Do not use soap on aluminum; there
are regular aluminum cleaners on the
market. Occasionally only use a little
acid, such as lemon or tomato diluted.
Never use soda.

Boil agate in soda water. Wash in
hot soap suds and dry.

Use dilute oxalic acid for cleaning
brass, fine powder, plenty of water.
Polish with metal polish which abounds
on the present market.

Tin can be cleaned with soda and
water, but do not leave it in this solu-
tion long, as the alkali will eat the tin.
Wash and dry at once or you will have
rust on your tin ware.

The silver story is long but well
known. The only thing not to do is to
use gritty powders that will scratch.
Wash your silver after cleaning, as the
cleaning mixtures do not make good
appetizers.

In caring for electric ironers and
washing machines, first of all read the
directions that come with them. Oil as
they tell you or don't oil; too much oil
is bad and too little is bad. Do not
overload (with clothes) your cylinder
or your drum ; some motors rebel and
there is trouble. When buying your
washer be sure to tell the electrician
what kind of electricity you consume,
whether it is A C or D C ; also the volt-
age of your circuit. This applies to all
electric machinery.

Don't leave your electricity on when
you are not using a device. If you do
in the case of the iron, you will have
fires and all kinds of trouble. Don't
blame the machine for faults of your
own. (Read House and Garden for
March to get all the points on electric
usage that you need to get the best out
of your electrical equipment.) Re-
(Continued on page 122)

The necc Plymouth group of Danersk Early American
Furniture as done in the mellow tones of old maple and
exhibited at the Architectural League of Neiv York. The
table is a draw-top with leaves extending to seat ten people.

Danersk Furniture

1922 Prices

A quaint Early American
Chintz covered rocker and
Butterfly table for a bed-
room corner.

TOOK ING forward to the year 1922 \ve have been able
•1— ' to re-price our entire line. We have taken into account
all factors that we expect will bring costs down and have
anticipated them in these present levels.

We have determined that these changes are justified by
the rapidly increasing demand for Danersk Furniture now
in evidence; and everyone knows that greater volume of
sales makes possible lower costs and prices. In doing this
the Danersk standard of workmanship and artistry will of
course be maintained.

There is still a lack of confidence on the part of many
people in the price of many commodities. They believe the
manufacturer has done his best to reduce prices but that
these reductions are not reflected in the final cost to the con-
sumer.

We are the manufacturers of Danersk Furniture and as
such our prices naturally are a direct reflection of the most
favorable costs to produce.

Send for Early American Brochure C-4

ERSKINE-DANFORTH CORPORATION

2 West 47th Street, New York City
315 North Michigan Ave., Chicago

House & Garden

Why Not Plan a Berry Garden?

(Continued from page 69)

Personage tapestry copied
from an original needle-point

Khrpeix

FurrvitMre

"I \ESIGNS of definite style worthy of fine
J — ^ architectural and decorative interiors,
the rich surface of beautiful woods, fabrics
distinctive in texture and coloring, and up-
holstery of the most luxurious type, but with
refinement of line and proportion — these are
Karpen characteristics which are appreciated
by those seeking furniture possessing correct
balance between utility and beauty.

wider range of latitude with greater checks them and the garden will not bi

extremes of environment than any other complete without a good number of

cultivated berry. It seems to be cos- these plants. Of the many varieties,

mopolitan in its adaptions to America Progressive Everbearer is frequently

and is universally liked. Any good gar- planted.

den soil will produce fine berries, al- In a berry garden such as planned in

though warm, quick, light soil and ex- this article, there is always some waste

' M posure are to be desired.

space which can be utilized for fruit

The matted row system of planting production. Several early fruiting

strawberries is usually preferred in small apple, peach, plum and cherry trees can

gardens because of the large numbers of be set out so as to fit into the general

plants in a given area. The rows should scheme and prove a welcome addition in

be about 3' apart with the plants set passing years.

10" apart in the rows. When fully de- A neat and attractive pergola arbor

veloped, each row will be completely should be built through the garden and

matted for a width of about 18", leav- covering the walk. Grape vines are set

ing a 19" space between for cultiva- out and the vines trained over the arbor

tion and passage when picking. Nitro- which they will cover within a few

gen bearing fertilizers should be heavily years. Three standard varieties of

applied at blooming time. In winter grapes which universally give satisfac-

the plants should be well mulched with tion are: Concord, a blue-black grape;

manure, leaves and straw for protec- Niagara, a green-white; and Brighton

tion. Only strikingly true varieties of or Delaware, a pink or red grape,

strawberries should be planted and then The little berry garden can be attrac-

only bi-sexual plants. The varieties lively improved by the addition of

having the most cosmopolitan nature walks, seats, a sundial, attractive fenc-

are the Gandy, Senator Dunlap, Dr. ing and gates. Because of its very na-

Book N of Distinctive De-
signs and the name of a
Karpen dealer sent upon
request.

Exquisitely finished
with braid and Jringe

KArpen

On every piece
Make sure it is there

S. KARPEN & BROS.

Also manufacturers of Karpen Fiber Rush

and Reed Furniture and Dining, Office,

and Windsor Chairs

Exhibition Rooms

801-811 South Wabash Avenue, Chicago
37th and Broadway, New York

Burrill and Magic Gem.

ture, the garden will eventually become

The everbearing strawberries usually one of the most interesting about the
produce up until freezing weather place.

Vegetables and Vitamines

(Continued from page 71)

Fordhook Bush Lima needs no spon-
sor. Its introduction, now nearly fif-
teen years ago has made untold num-
bers of new friends for lima. Bur-
pee's Giant Podded Pole Lima and
Henderson's Leviathan are excellent
types to grow for the man who has
poles.

Just how much vitamine remains in
beet roots is of little concern to the
hungry man with a dish of buttered
Eclipse or Detroit Dark Red beets in
front of him. For all practical pur-
poses these two sorts are ideal. The
only mistake most of us make is to
sacrifice quality to size. A beet root 1"
in diameter is just twice as tender and
delicious as one 2" through, and most
roots larger than 2" are unfit for table
use. It costs more to cook them tender
than the pulpy mass that remains is
worth as food.

Corn continues to bring problems. If
you let it get too old it's no good: it's
no good when too young. But if you
pick it just when a slight pressure of
the fingernail will break the tender skin
of kernels, that is the time, provided it
can go into the boiling water within
fifteen minutes after gathering. No
other vegetable loses quality as rapidly
as sweet corn, though in some sorts high
sugar content and flavor make up for
careless use.

Golden Bantam ranks first in quality.
But you need Peep O' Day to give you
the first crop of the season. Golden
Evergreen is fine to follow Golden Ban-
tam. These three mature in succession.
Howling Mob is a wonderful yielder of
high quality ears in midseason and
where frost favors the planter by stay-
ing away 110 to 120 days, by all means
grow some Country Gentleman. Of all
late sorts, it is the peer for flavor.

I am going to treat carrots and onions
as a unit because both are mostly grown
for winter use, both receive about the
same treatment of cultivation, and in
both classes the choice of varieties is
simple.

Grow .carrot Chantenay or Paris
Forcing for an early and Danvers for a
late, good keeper. Sow onion White
Portugal for an early, mild sort. It
does not keep well. Yellow Globe Dan-
vers is the best general purpose onion,
while Prizetaker grows to larger size,
is milder, but does not keep. Southport
Red Globe and Red Wethersfield are

the best keeping members of the tribe,
but they do bring tears !

Peas continue to be an expensive crop
but, as with corn, if you want them
right you must grow them yourself!
Market Surprise has the amazing record
of yielding record crops in 55 days.
This is fully ten days earlier than Lit-
tle Marvel, but when that variety
comes into bearing you have the quality
surprise of your life. Along with Little
Marvel sow some Thomas Laxton and
Potlach. These four sorts represent my
choice from among twenty distinct
varieties of varying degrees of merit.
If you have 5' brush, grow some Alder-
man (of the Telephone type). The
other four sorts grow on vines varying
from 2' to 3' in height.

In spinach we find no problem, in
either growing or selection of varieties.
Everybody can enjoy liberal crops of
vitaminic greens early in the season by
planting either Viroflay and Triumph or
Long Season, both heavy-leaved, pro-
ductive types.

For reasons given previously I am not
going to advocate at length the growing
of large, vining winter squashes. If
you have the space, grow Warted Hub-
bard or Golden Hubbard and you get
good keepers. But even the smallest
garden should grow some summer
squash. Both Early White Bush Scal-
loped and Cocozelle Bush are liberal
yielders in small space, but I am strong-
ly biased in favor of the latter. Coco-
zelle Bush will yield more fruit in less
time and from less space than any other
kind. In peculiarly aromatic flavor it
surpasses any of a score of other
squashes.

Turnips have for centuries been the
main standby in winter food among
many nations in Europe. In some Scan-
dinavian countries they are classed of
equal importance with potatoes. And
the reason for this lies, perhaps, in the
fact that turnips bring liberal amounts
of vitamines ranking next in importance
to cabbage and proving superior to new
potatoes in the Osborne-Mendel experi-
ments.

Early White and Early Purple Milan
are good turnips for use very early in
the season. Purple Top Strap Leaf,
White Egg and Golden Globe are far
superior. Sown early in July they keep
well until early winter. For winter use
(Continued on page 98)

April, 1922

A sympathetic knowledge
of architecture is essential
to the successful creation
of an interior setting —
that the furniture, hang-
ings, color and disposition
of the furnishing elements
shall complement and
harmonize with the ar-
chitectural background.

INTERIOR^ 'DECORATIONS'

55th St

Brambcich Baby

AN instrument of rare charm and distinc-
tion. The exquisite artistry of design
and finish ; its delightful tonal qualities,
together with itscompactsize— only 4 ft. Sinches
long— have made The Brambach Baby Grand
the choice of thousands of distinguished and
discriminating homes. And, moreover, its
price is exceptionally moderate.

Displayed and sold by leading dealers every-
where.

BRAMBACH PIANO COMPANY

Mark P. Campbell, President

645 West 49th Street New York City

Kindly send me a Brambach Catalog together with a Paper Pattern showing
the exact floor space the Brambach requires.

NAME

ADDRESS... __CITY..

House & Garden

Install an ILGAIR in your kitchen and

exhaust every trace of cooking odors, steamy and
greasy fumes which float thru every room and
linger for hours. Your kitchen will be thoroly
ventilated — your home healthier and cleaner.
Send for illustrated booklet or see your electrical
or hardware dealer for demonstration.

Make sure you

The only ventilating
fan with fully en-
closed self - cooled
motor.

FOR OFFICES STORES • FACTORIES •
"PUBLIC BUILDINGS • RESTAURANTS • THEATRES • HOUSES • ETC

I LG ELECTRIC VENTILATING CO., 28 62 North Crawford Ave., CHICAGO

The Charm of Japan

for Your Walls

\X7TLD honeysuckle, flaming on the hills of
* * Japan — little brown peasants gathering it
all day long — and then, after the skin has been
stripped off, and made ready, those world-old
handlooms weave the fascinating uneven texture
of it— that's the beginning of Grasscloth Wall-
papers.

Later, when patient little slant-eyed artists have brushed the soft
colors into it — tan, blue, brown and every other color — our Grass-
cloth comes to America to be the quaintest, loveliest Wall-cover-
ings, woven like sunshine, or blue sky through tree boughs.

You've half furnished a room when you've given it such walls, and
you've made an exquisite, simple background worthy of the most
beautiful furniture that anyone could inherit or buy.

Ask your decorator for
the Grasscloth with the
OK A ME -SAN Head
Trade Mark.

•HGOTo.or »»RH
OKAME-SAN
THE GIRL OP
GOOD LUCK

// he docs not carry it.
write to us for samples
of 1922 designs.

F. C. DAVIDGE
and Company

La Porte &• La Salle Sts.,
SOUTH BEND, IND.
28 Wellington St. West,
TORONTO, CANADA.

All tty (Eljarm

(Easements

until rurru prartiral airoantagr

NO special window construc-
tion, however ingenious, can
match the simple beauty and
charm of the real English
Casement.

Casement Windowed Country
Home by Albro & Lindeberg, New
York. 'Win - Dor' Casements
(BULL-DOG adjuster).

are true English casements
(out-swung), simply but effec-
tively equipped to meet the
problems of American screen-
ing and climate.

'WIN-DOR' Casements are
sightly, weather- tight, insect-
proof and remarkable for
ventilation and convenient
operation.

THEIR first cost is low and they
are practically indestructible.

YOU should not start building
a good structure without knowing the possibilities of 'Win-
Dor' Casements. WRITE us for 'The Casement Window
Handbook' — now.

TheCasementHardwareCo,

i North La Salle St. (Established Iq06) Chicago, U.S.A.

'Win-Dor' Casement held securely
wide open from inside of screen
(BULL-DOG type adjuster).

Adjustable in a moment to closed
or any intermediate position with-
out moving screen.

April, 1922

CONSOLE and MIRROR, as a UNIT of
DECORATION, taave assumed a position
of importance in tne AMERICAN HOME,
Bending an air of added DIGNITY and

The decoration upon this

applied to tne reverse side of tne gDass

INQUIRIES INVITED THROUGH YOUR
DECORATOR

INC.

284 DARTMOUTH ST.,

BOSTON

2 WEST 47™-ST,

NEW YORK

FRENCH

Hand Made Furniture

FINE furniture is a permanent investment if
• • r . _ .

it is of sturdy construction. Expensive

replacement can be avoided. Young people
starting homes buy wisely when they begin
modestly with a few pieces of hand made fur-
niture of true heirloom quality rather than an
overabundance of commonplace furniture.

Branded underneath every piece, this mark
is a guaranty of quality

WM. A. FRENCH & CO.

Interior Decorators
90 Eighth St., S.

Makers of Fine Furniture
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.

Our Uflist table, illustrated, is in the Italian Renaissance style, sturdily fash-
ioned from genuine ivalnut. In its hand rubbed finish and authentic design
it is fully representative of the excellence that has built up the nation-wide
reputation of the hand made furniture that bears the mark of FRENCH.

DECORATIVE LIGHTING FITMENTS

Riddle Fitments enhance the beau-
ty of an interior by their artistic de-
sign, fine workmanship, and the
way in which they introduce the
color note into ceiling and wall fix-
tures.

Decorated in Silver Estofado and
Gold Estofado, they enrich and
blend with their surroundings,
much like a fine tapestry or Per-
sian rug.

Riddle Fitments are adaptations of
period styles, beautifully and dur-
ably wrought of metal. The color
tones harmonize with practically
any scheme of interior decoration.

The Riddle Fitment Booklet

may open up to you many new possibilities
in the important detail of lighting fixtures —
especially if you plan remodelling, re-dec-
orating, or building. Illustrations, in color
of fitments, shades, lamps, torcheres, etc.
Copy, with dealer's name, sent on request.

THE EDWARD N. RIDDLE COMPANY

TOLEDO, OHIO

Makers of lighting fitments since 1892

Riddle Service to Architects

On receipt of plans, incluliro elei-atian details, our department of interior
dccwation Kill submit a definite suggestion for appropriate fitments for
residence, apartments, etc., with photographic illustration* and estimate of
cost of installation by your dealer.

Wall sconce to
match fitment slioicn
abote. Both fitted
with lliddle Vcl-
lumesQite shields.
11 Id die Fitmrntc
also include floor
and table lamp*,
torcheres, etc., per-
mitting entire in-
stallations in com-
plete hanttonit.

House & Garden

Vegetables and Vitamines

(Continued from page 94)

plant Swedish turnips or ruta-bagas,
those firm-fleshed, large-rooted fellows
that Europe stores in cellars, like pota-
toes, and feeds to humans and animals
alike. Improved American Purple Top,
Golden Neckless and White Budlong are
all splendid sorts which you really ought
to know.

It would be an injustice to a remark-
able member of the cabbage tribe were
I not to mention kohlrabi here. Kohl-
rabi is the vegetable root par excellence
when July and August heat causes tur-
nips to grow bitter and pithy. Besides
having a far more delicate flavor, the
thick skin makes the roots equally im-
pervious to heat or cold. Those fond
of turnips should cultivate the acquain-
tance of White Vienna kohlrabi which,
with us, has definitely replaced old-
fashioned turnips.

While vegetables mentioned so far
easily constitute the main group grown
in all American home gardens, I beg the
reader's indulgence for calling attention
to a few more favorites, either unusual
in character or more exacting in cul-
tural requirements, but worth-while,
nevertheless. This does not concern it-
self with either delicacies, luxuries, or
specialties. Egg-plants, peppers, musk
melons, French artichoke and witloof
chicory, besides a dozen others, are be-
yond the scope of this article dealing in
the fundamentally important. But you
should know about Wong Bok.

As the name indicates, this is a per-
fectly good Chinaman. In lieu of a bet-
ter title most seedsmen register him as
Chinese cabbage. As a matter of fact,
it is a mustard, and as such, a salad
plant of highest order. We tried it
cooked — insipid ! We cooked stems and
foliage separately — same judgment. We
took the very heart, cut it up crosswise
and served it with French dressing. Re-
sult: Everybody was pleased. Try it,
with just the slightest touch of garlic
in the mixing bowl.

Radishes and Others

Of course everybody grows radishes,
though nobody has ever told me any-
thing about their food value. They are
crisp, delightful to munch — like peanuts
at the circus, with the food value in
favor of the peanuts. The best all-
round radish for the home garden is
Long White Icicle. Early in the season
Rapid Red and Scarlet Globe provide
the little round fellows. Cincinnati
Market stands August heat better than
Icicle and White Delicious is a fine sort
to grow during the summer for early
fall use. For winter storing, grow Black
Spanish available in either long or
round shape.

Of that great nerve tonic called
celery, I recommend White Plume or
Easy Blanching for early, Evans
Triumph for midseason and Giant Pas-
cal as a good winter keeper.

There are scores of cucumbers to
select from, but for all purposes, pick-
ling or slicing, Davis Perfect serves the
gardener perfectly. It is perhaps the
handsomest of them all, prolific, with
few seeds to bother you and of good
flavor and body.

When greens of all kinds become
scarce, when Swiss chard and spinach
are frozen stiff and beet tops or lettuce
are but a memory, kale modestly asserts
its usefulness. On Long Island the
dwarf Siberian variety is gathered right
from the open throughout the winter.
Sown August 1st, the plants become
ready for use about October 1st. They
keep on growing between acts of thaw-
ing and freezing. They stop only when
zero temperature paralyzes their root
system. But the tops are available al-
ways, fit to be cooked after thawing
out slowly.

In an endeavor to help you to score

best results with the pedigreed vege-
tables suggested so far, here are a few
concise cultural directions. It is taken
for granted that, as a fundamental
condition, you have available a soil of
good average fertility, a soil that has
good drainage, and yet has enough
clay or humus in it to hold the mois-
ture for a reasonable length of time.
Where the gardener is handicapped with
a stiff clay soil, a foot or more in depth,
the digging in of ashes is one of the best
remedies to make such soil more friable
On the other hand, where subsoils are
of a sandy nature, and the drainage is
a bit too good, the addition of plenty
of coarse, strawey manure or leaf mold
is advised. This should be thoroughly
dug into the soil.

I have taken care to incorporate into
the cultural suggestions any little special
wrinkles that may be put into operation
in the home garden. Warnings are giv-
en as to what bugs to expect and how
to combat them. For the convenient
use of reference, the directions have
been arranged roughly in alphabetical
fashion.

Planting Directions

Beans, Dwarf or Bush : Sow any time
after May 15th, in rows 2' apart, plac-
ing seeds 4" to 5" apart in row. Re-
peated plantings, 2 weeks apart, up to
August 1st, will provide a constant sup-
ply. Do not pick pods while vines are
wet — it spreads disease and spoils the
crop.

Bush Limas: Plant any time after
Decoration Day and up to July -1st, in
rows 2}/2 apart. Place seeds 6" to 8"
apart in row depending on richness of
soil. Plant seeds "eye down," otherwise
many of the young plants are apt to
break their necks in pushing through
the soil.

Beans, Pole or Climbing: Do not
plant until maple trees are out in full
leaf, then plant in hills 3' apart each
way,^putting 6 beans to each hill, with-
in 1" of base of pole. Set pole first.
Reduce plants to 3 strongest per hill. •
Treat pole limas in similar fashion, ob-
serving again to push the beans into the
soil "eye down."

Beets: Sow as soon as soil is fit, in
rows 18" apart. Sow thinly, since
every kernel holds 2 or 3 embryo plants,
Cover l" deep and walk over the row
to press soil firmly over seeds. This
insures prompt and uniform germina-
tion. Last sowing, August 15th. As
soon as seedling plants are 2" to 3" tall
they should be thinned out to stand
3" to 4" apart in the row. The plants
pulled up may either be transplanted
to mature elsewhere or eaten as rich,
vitamine giving greens.

Swiss Chard: As a member of the
beet family, this should be handled
exactly as beets, excepting that the
young plants should be thinned out to
stand first 6" and later 1' apart. By
cutting away constantly the outside
stalks and leaves, leaving the heart in-
tact, Swiss chard becomes a perpetual
bearing green.

Cabbage: For first crop secure plants
of an early variety from your dealer.
Throughout April and May seeds may
be sown of midsummer and late keep-
ing varieties. Sow seeds in rows like
lettuce or any other similar seeds, thin-
ning out seedlings to stand 4" apart in
row as soon as they get to 3" tall. Pre-
pare permanent location by liberally en-
riching soil and set plants 2' to 2l/2' '
apart in the row with 2' to 3' between
the rows.

Chinese Cabbage: This mustard will
grow in cool seasons only. Sow August
1st in rows 2' apart, covering seed like
radish. Thin out young plants to stand
first 6", later 1' apart in the row. Prop-
(Continued on page 100)

April, 1922

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House & Garden

Vegetables and Vitamines

(Continued from page 98)

erly headed plants form finest fall salad.

Carrots: Sow as early as ground can
be prepared in rows 18" to 24" apart,
covering seeds lightly. Thin out seed-
lings to stand 4" apart in row. Repeat
sowings up to August 1st, and have a
year-round supply. Late varieties re-
quiring all season to develop are the
best keepers.

Celery : Secure plants about June 1st,
planting 1/3 of an early and 2/3 of a
late or well keeping variety. Set plants
6" apart in the row, allowing 3' of space
between the rows. As plants develop,
hill them to blanch. Either soil, boards
or individual celery bleachers will serve.
Do not work in celery patch while
leaves are wet. To fight rust, spray
with Bordeaux mixture.

Corn: Sow any time after May ISth
in rows 21/? apart, dropping kernels 4"
apart in the row. If blackbirds do not
do it for you, thin out plants to stand
1' apart in row as soon as they are 6"
to 8" tall. Hill slightly to give wind
resistance. If corn borer is noticed on
the young plants, go after him with a
knife. Such a surgical operation on
young plants will not injure the corn.

Cucumbers: Plant in hills 3' apart,
enriching each hill with a shovelful of
well-rotted manure. Draw a circle on
top of each hill about Yz" deep, into
which scatter about a dozen seeds.
Should the striped beetle attack the
seedlings, dust them with slug-shot.
After the third pair of leaves forms, re-
duce the seedlings to the 4 strongest per
hill. For a continuous crop, sow re-
peatedly from middle of May until mid-
dle of July.

K ale : Grow the same as cabbage, but
do not sow until July 1st. Kale is dis-
tinctly a fall crop and stands any
amount of frost without injury. The
dwarf German kale may be left to grow
1' apart in the row. The tall type re-
quires that plants be given 2' of space
in the row.

Lettuce : Sow as early as the ground
can be dug, in rows 2' apart. Cover
very lightly and as soon as the seedlings
are 2" to 3" tall, thin them out to stand
4" apart in row. As young plants be-
gin to crowd, however, take out every
other one until individual plants stand
16" apart in the row. This thinning-
out process is a most important opera-
tion in lettuce culture. Sow heading
varieties up to May 15th. Sow Cos
lettuce up to June 1st. On August 1st
sow butterhead varieties again for a
fall supply.

Onions and Peas

Onions: Either secure onion sets or
sow seeds as soon as soil can be raked
fine. Place rows 12" to 18" jipart and
thin out seedlings to stand 4" apart in
the row. Onion seeds must be sown in
very early spring, as the crop requires
from 100 to 130 days to mature. For
a constant supply of green "scullions,"
plant sets from middle of April until end
of May.

Peas : As a distinctly cool season crop,
peas should be sown as soon as the
ground can be put in good garden con-
dition. Not later than middle of April,
sow seeds of the smooth-seeded extra
early kinds. About May 1st follow with
additional sowings of the wrinkled-
seeded varieties, which are the real qual-
ity product.

Sow in rows 2" to 3" deep, permit-
ting 2' between the rows and from 2l/2
to 3' between the rows of tall varieties.
All peas do best if vines are kept off
the ground. Either brush or stakes
with twine will serve the purpose of
supporting the vines. Since repeated
sowings are not practical with peas, a
number of varieties maturing in suc-
cession should be sown at one and the
same time. To gauge your supply you

may figure on gathering from 8 to 19
quarts of pods from every IS' of row.

Radishes: Sow extra early kinds at
the same time as beets, carrots and
other hardy root crops. Sow seeds thin-
ly (radish seed is of strong germination)
in rows 12" to 18" apart, thinning out
the seedlings to stand from 1" to 2"
apart in the row, depending on variety.
Up to May ISth, sow extra early kinds.
During balance of May and early June,
sow summer varieties only. During
July, sow the very much firmer fleshed
winter varieties which keep well for the
best part of the winter if stored in
sand or soil in a frost-proof cellar.

Spinach : Spinach is a cool season crop
and should be sown very early in the
spring and again very late in the sum-
mer for fall use. Sow thinly in rows
12" to 18" apart, covering the seeds but
slightly. Thin out plants to stand 4"
to 6" apart in the row. This method
will yield the true quality product.

New Zealand spinach is a member of
an entirely different plant family. Its
plants spread for 4' wide, so that allow-
ances must be made to place a row of
New Zealand spinach where it can
spread. Drop seeds of it about 4" apart
in the row. Thin out the seedling
plants to stand 12" apart finally. New
Zealand spinach is a perpetual bearer,
the tips of branches representing the
crop, and the branches will send out
new shoots almost as fast as the crop
can be picked.

Tomato Culture

Tomatoes: Any time during April
sow seeds of Bonny Best and Globe, for
extra early, Chalks Jewel and Stone for
midseason and main crop. Sow seeds
in a hotbed or a seed flat or a sub-
stantial cigar box holding about 3" of
soil. The hotbed is, of course, the
standby of the avowed gardener and
professional.

As soon as seedlings are 2" to 3" tall
they should be transplanted into another
box, 4" apart each way. Keep them
cool so that they do not develop into
spindling shoots.

Where it is not convenient to raise
plants from seeds, arrangements should
be made with an up-to-date dealer to
supply healthy plants of varieties of a
known performance record. Do not
buy just "tomatoes" at any green-
grocery store. They are apt to turn out
disappointing.

Any time after Decoration Day toma-
to plants may be set out in the open
ground, with the plants placed about
3' apart both ways. Cultivate freely,
and by July 1st reduce the plant to the
three strongest branches. Drive a 6'
stake within 4" of base of plant and
tie the branches to this stake with the
help of soft twine or strips of cloth.
From that time on, cultivating the
plant, besides keeping loose the soil,
consists of removing any suckers that
may shoot up from the base of the
plant and side shoots or extra branches
which usually develop at the leaf joints.
Confine the plants to the 3 original
strong stalks. They will bear more
fruit than if the plants are allowed to
make the natural abundance of foliage
growth.

Turnips, Kohlrabi and Ruta-Baga:
These three members of the cabbage
family may be dealt with as one. All
are distinctly cool season crops and
grown more for winter use than as a
spring vegetable.

Turnips and ruta-baga are generally
sown any time after middle of July and
in the same fashion as radishes. Kohl-
rabi is a very much thicker skinned
plant and for this reason lends itself
better to being grown in the spring for
use during the summer months. Sow
(Continued on page 102)

April, 1922

101

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If the ordinary type of door "sticks," due to
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102

Clogged and Rusted

Iron or steel water pipe corrodes and leaks
after short service. Wash-bowls and sinks are
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water dripping from holes that have been
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House & Garden

Vegetables and Vitamines

(Continued from page 100)

kohlrabi any time as soon as you can
get on the ground, in rows 18" to 20"
apart, covering seeds slightly. Thin out
seedlings to stand 4" apart in row. Sow
a IS' row per week up to August 1st,
should you desire a constant supply.

Melons, Pumpkins and Squashes: I
have refrained from mentioning these
in more than a passing way, for suc-
cess with melons is in general confined
to specialists. Pumpkins and squashes
of the vining varieties are generally
considered field crops. At any rate, in
the home garden, where space is val-

uable, they should only be grown inci-
dentally to other crops, in some odd cor-
ner of the corn patch or along the
fences where they will not interfere
with other garden crops.

Among squashes, the bush type is the
only one worthy of consideration under
home garden conditions. Even so, the
term is misleading in that even bush
squashes will make plants requiring at
least 4' of space each way. Cocozelle
Bush is one of the most compact grow-
ing and yet it requires rows 3' apart,
with plants about 1' apart in the row.

Building the Double Border

(Continued from page 59)

planting, for obviously the tall speci-
mens will in general belong at the rear
of the beds, next those of medium
height, and the low kinds more direct-
ly bordering the walk. However, fol-
lowing this as an invariable rule will,
except in seeking strictly formal effects,
only result in monotony. One must de-
cide at what other places height is de-
sirable, where in other words the taller
rear planting or even the tall single
specimen may best be brought nearer
the walk and where in the same rela-
tion the very dwarf plant should give
way to the one of medium height. In
no sense should the beds exactly dupli-
cate each other;- balance not symmetry
should be the guiding principle.

The element of colour demands
equally thoughtful consideration. In the
matter of both form and colour there
can be no hard and fast rules to go by.
We can but use such taste and judgment
as we are blessed with. The purpose is,
of course, to make of the double border
a beautiful picture when viewed as a
whole from either end and at the same
time provide a succession of interest-
ing smaller pictures to be discovered as
one moves along the path.

Where the whole is most often to be
seen from one end, the picture should
perhaps be worked up, so to speak, with
that special point of view in mind. In
such a case it might be well to keep the
more brilliant colours, particularly when
joined to some outstanding form, nearer
that end and reserve the softer, more
subdued tones for the greater distance.
Yet as every such walk is often to be
traversed from end to end, the idea of
the small groupings and the element of
surprise should in no wise be lost sight
of.

Here is the opportunity for effective-
ly displaying our rare and choice speci-
mens to advantage. For instance, I had
the beautiful tall pure white flowered
delphinium, a favorite dictamnus, a pet
seedling phlox, some especially prized
longspurred columbines, a rare hardy
aster, etc. By careful grouping the
beauty and individual charm of each
could be properly displayed and so
made the most of.

The changing season — from spring to
early summer, then to the high tide of
the year when July brings the delphin-
iums and August the gorgeous phloxes,
and again to the gold and purple
autumn — should be kept in mind in
such a planning, and the double border
be made a perpetual delight throughout
the entire growing and flowering period.
Indeed, by employing evergreens with
bright berried and bright twigged
shrubs, it may be made a winter as
well as a summer joy.

At the risk of seeming repetitious I
must say one word more about this
thoughtful, careful preliminary plan
making. I advocate it all in conscience
and without reservation. On a plan I
indicated nearly every single plant to
be set in those two beds, which together

comprised an area of between 300 and
400 square yards. Not only do I find
half the fun of gardening in thus first
reducing a vision to paper and later on
watching it develop into reality, but I
am positive that satisfactory results are
to be quickly obtained only in this way.

Mr. Einstein himself, I am very sure,
would not attempt to work out such a
plan mentally and carry it about in his
head. Even he would become hope-
lessly muddled and in August find his
red and purple phloxes blooming riot-
ously side by side.

A plan will reduce most astonishingly
the time required for the actual plant-
ing. My own method of procedure was
as follows:

Once the plan was completed I laid off
the actual beds into 10' sections, al-
ready indicated in the drawing. The
next step was to make a rough tracing
of whichever section I wished to plant.
With this in hand I proceeded to the
nursery beds, where the plants had been
grown in preparation, and lifted the re-
quired number of whatever sorts the
tracing called for. The plants for each
section averaged, I found, a good wheel-
barrow load and meant usually a single
trip to the nursery and back. By re-
ferring to the tracing I could readily de-
termine the location of each plant or
group as specified in the plan. To set
in all the plants in the 280' of border
consumed less than two days. This
saving in time much more than offset
that spent in preparing the plan and
tracings.

I, of course, realize how impossible
and, for that matter, how equally un-
desirable it will be for me to attempt at
all points to live up to that plan. It
was meant merely as a means to an end,
not an end in itself ; a help, not a fetish.

Once the plants were in flower in
their new location, I found numerous
places where improvement could be
made. In especial I felt the need for a
much taller back planting to give a
greater sense of seclusion, and to this
end set in lilacs, more evergreens, small
trees, etc. While the main groupings
were satisfactory, I made and discov-
ered places near the walk for many
more low plants and put in arabis, moss
pink, pansies, Sweet Williams and
Scotch pinks. Some replacing has had
to be done and openings made for new
acquisitions. Several thousand narcis-
sus bulbs of various sorts, as well as
lilies and groups of tulip and crocus
have been set.

A complication, which always arises
in such a promiscuous planting, de-
velops with the first crop of self-sown
seedlings. During the first season in
my double border chance sown holly-
hocks, mulleins and many hardy asters
sprouted and grew to flower. In
August and September, Forget-me-nots,
Sweet Williams, columbines, pinks,
larkspurs, and pansies were bravely
coming up in hordes, not only in the
(Continued on page 122)

April, 1922

103

Would You Have Given These
All Shingle Homes Prizes ?

IF you had been a member of the judges' committee that
passed on the hundreds of entries in the Rite-Grade In-
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First Prize — H. A. Magoon, Minneapolis, Minn.
(Home of Penfield Tompkins, New Rochelle. N. Y.)
Second Prize — C. I. Barber, Knoxville, Tenn.
Third Prize — Lawrence & Holford, Portland, Ore.

OTHER PRIZES IN ORDER

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Without attracting attention to
themselves they enhance the charm
of the house. They blend with the
landscape, weathering magnificent-
ly with passing years. Their soft
lines are always pleasing, their
tapestry-like texture a playground
for the fascinating hide-and-seek
of sunlight and shadow. Red Ce-
dar Shingles are genuine, natural.
They lend themselves to innumer-
able distinctive treatments, are
easily laid and at little cost.

Don't decide on your new home
until you have all the facts about
Rite-Grade Inspected Red Cedar

Rite-Grade Shingle Association

Room 470, Henry Building,
Seattle, U. S. A.

Firm because anchored — Permanent because galvanized

Reproduction of illustra-
tion on page 5 of "GOOD
FENCES"

FENCE

To preserve the inherent goodness of Anchor
Post Fences — that is the primary consideration
in their design, construction, and erecting. The
best materials, brought together to best combat
the elements and please the eye.
GALVANIZED

and

ANCHORED FOR A GENERATION OF
SERVICE

A restraint to wilful intruders, a reminder to thought-
less trespassers; to the visitor, a suggestion of unusual
hospitality; to passersby. a thing of charm; and to the
owner — a credit.

This is the book, GOOD

FENCES, a. beautiful

Rctcgravnre, measuring

SV2" x 11"

PHOTOGRAPHS
of ANCHOR POST FENCES

faithfully reproduced in this 16-page Rotogravure
Book, give you a wide range of choice. We have
the proper fence and gate for every location — in
wire or iron.

To home owners, public officials, and others
seriously interested in this subject, it is

SENT FREE

ANCHOR POST IRON WORKS

Hudson Terminal Building 52 Church St., New York, N. Y.

Sales and Erection Offices in 2392-G

Boston 79 Milk St.

Chicago ... .8 So Dearborn St.

Cincinnati, Ohio 141 Fourth St.

Cleveland Guardian Bldg.

Hartford, Conn 902 Main St.

Mlncola, L. I.. X. Y Jericho Turnpike

Pittsburgh 2011 Penn Ave.

Philadelphia Real Est. Trust Bldg.

Ut-troit. Mich PenobsL-ot Bide.

Rochester. X. V 1604 Main St.. B.

Anchor Post Service is convenient for you

104

House & -G ar de n

Transforms radiators into
decorative additions to your home

THE Ja-Nar is a scientifically designed radiator
cabinet that converts an ugly, exposed radiator
into a beautiful article of furniture. It is made
of pressed steel, exquisitely finished to match
surrounding woodwork.

Artistically, the possibilities of the Ja-Nar are
unlimited. Being lined with heat-insulating ma-
terial, the top may be used for books, flowers, or
objets d 'art. In place of dingy radiator coils you
have a cheery addition to the decorative effect of
your home.

The Ja-Nar increases the heating value of each
radiator by throwing the heat out into the room
instead of upward. Draperies and wall coverings
are protected from the grime and dirt that always
accumulate above exposed radiators. Furniture
may be placed on either side of the Ja-Nar with-
out fear of warping.

Ja-Nars slip right over the radiator and can be
installed in new homes or old without muss or fuss.
Low radiators can be made into comfortable
window seats.

Write today for our folder containing all the
interesting details of the Ja-Nar. It will be sent
without charge, together with information as to
where Ja-Nars may be obtained. Please address
department S.

THE FULTON COMPANY, Knoxville, Tenn.

Representatives in all the larger centers

Manufacturers of Leakless Radiator Valves, Temperature Regulators,
Pressure Regulators and other SYLPHON Specialties

Automatic Temperature Control

For warm air heating, just place the Sylphon Regitherm on any
convenient wall in your residence and set the indicator, thereby
insuring uniform temperature through its control of the dampers on
your furnace. This little instrument is entirely self-contained ; there
is no electricity required, no clock work to wind or run down, and
it .s absolutely silent in action. It can be used with any furnace
or boiler and even on systems where the steam is supplied from the

PRICE COMPLETE, $35
Write for descriptive literature on the Sylphon Regitherm.

• Tp.-,

fv*

The Italian idea of setting mirrors in grace-
ful Louis XVI columns makes a charming
decoration for a small foyer. Antiques from
Au Quatrieme

Decorative Reflections

(Continued from page 35)

on the table and everybody who sits
around it.

Nothing else takes the place of a mir-
ror satisfactorily. For a painting you
may sometimes substitute a tapestry or
another wall hanging with equally good
results. But the only thing that will
give the effect produced by a mirror is
— another mirror ! When a room needs
what a mirror can do for it, do not try
to pacify it with anything else. The
die is cast.

A delightful use of mirrors, which
has small chance of consideration in a
city house, but is deeply interesting for
country house owners, is to place them
so that they will bring the outdoors in.

A great lady of Florence whose win-
dows face a lovely garden on a sloping
hillside has realized this opportunity to
the fullest. On the walls of her bed-
room, opposite the windows, she has
hung large square mirrors just the size
of the window frames. In them are
reflected all the flowers of the changing
seasons as they bloom outside. Her
room, when I saw it last, had great
masses of pink and white oleanders
piled up in these mirrors— a sort of
miraculous flower painting that would
be transmuted into another colour
scheme with the next hot breath of the
Italian sun.

I always wondered why mirrors had
to be made only of clear white glass.
Many experiments have been made with
colored borders but the body of the
mirror has always been kept plain.
Now a blue mirror or a green mirror
may not be the thing a woman would
choose as a guide for powdering her
nose or using her lip-stick, but think
what notes of color it would bring
into a room ! I once took an old
William and Mary mirror to a skillful
man in London and had him copy it
exactly in every respect as to form. But
into the frames I put mirrors of a
brilliant silvery blue instead of the usual
sheets of white glass. The result was
perhaps fantastic but certainly fasci-
nating.

I believe that those mirrors are now
hanging in a certain famous blue ball-
room, and I can imagine no more fit-
ting place for them. They must give an
almost fairy-like reflection of the
dancers that flit by — as if they were
pools of water under a blue sky. And
when there is a bal poudre and groups
of white heads shine out from the
depths of the silvery blue glass — imagine
it if you can !

Yes, a mirror is a bit of man-made
magic and mystery that never ceases
to thrill.

HYBRIDIZING DAHLIAS

THE dahlia belongs to the family
Composites or Carduaceoe, and
is closely related to our native
species of coreopsis and bidens and our
cultivated cosmos. What is commonly
called the flower is botanically, as in the
sunflower, a flower-cluster or head
made up of numerous closely assembled
flowers. In double dahlias, which in-
clude those classified as cactus, hybrid
cactus, decorative, show, hybrid show
and pompon, the flowers are fully de-
veloped. In the single dahlias a few
outer flowers of the cluster have fully
developed, broad, flat, conspicuous ex-
panded corollas or rays (popularly but
not botanically the petals) while the in-
ner or disc flowers, including most of the
flowers of the cluster, have small, in-
conspicuous tubular corollas.

The object of hybridization is to pro-
duce another variety superior to that
which under ordinary conditions would
be produced by nature. The bee is
one of nature's methods of pollenation.
In going from one flower to the other
in search of honey it takes on its body
or wings the pollen of one flower, and
while working its way into the other
flower the pollen falls off and in many
cases reaches the stigma.

The stigma is the receptive organ of
the flower, and the pollen grain, which
is the small yellow dustlike portion of
the stamens, should be placed on it.
The stigma and stamens are located at
the base of every ray and it is at this
point that fertilization takes place. Af-
ter cross-pollenation and germination
(Continued on page 128)

April, 1922

105

—and G/Xcw for YOUR House!

No time like the present, and we are ready
to send you, with our compliments, an
interesting and instructive book full of
attractive plans and practical helps. In
addition to telling how the foundation
should be constructed, for example, it
presents the individual merits of

Arkansas
Soft Pine

as the ideal home'building wood. It also
points the way to economy in construe'
tion and beauty in interior woodwork.
Adt now, by sending at once for the
book and finished samples. If particularly
interested in white enamel -woodwork,
be sure and advise.

Arkansas Soft Pine is trade mar\ed and
obtainable from dealers and planing mills east of the Rockies

Arkansas Soft Pine Bureau

420 Boyle Building
Little Rock • Arkansas

ti. N. ORCUTT, Owner
403 S. Mariposa Street

Los Angeles, Cal.

C. C. & S. J. CHAPMAN

Architects and Builders

To Make a Plain Home Beautiful

CONCRETE and stucco homes that show
the unkind touch of time need Bay
State. For Bay State will make them
beautiful.

This master coating definitely checks the
advance of age. For in beautifying your
home, it protects it. Bay State is more
than a surface coating. It creeps into every
pore and becomes a part of the wall it covers.
It lasts for years.

Bay State waterproofs all houses of brick,
cement and stucco. The heaviest rain can-
not beat through a Bay State coated wall.
Dampness will not seep in.

Neither wind nor weather can mar the
soft, beautiful finish of Bay State — a finish
that does not change the distinctiveness of
cement or stucco, but adds to it.

New homes of stucco or cement are not
complete until Bay State has been applied.
For Bay State transforms the drab mottled
color to a pure rich white, or one of many
beautiful tints.

We shall be glad to send you samples of
Bay State Brick and Cement Coating — your
choice of white or a complete range of colors.
Booklet No. 2 shows many homes made
beautiful with Bay State. Write for samples
and booklet today. And when you buy Bay
State, insist on getting the original. Order
by name — Bay State.

WADSWORTH, HOWLAND & CO., Inc.

Paint and Varnish Makers
BOSTON, MASS.

New York Office
ARCHITECTS' BUILDING

Philadelphia Office
1524 CHESTNUT STREET

THE BAY STATER

BAY 5TAT E

Brick and Cement Coating

106

House fy Garden

The

SCREEN THAT ROLLS

LIKE a WINDOW SHADE

THIS Spring — for a change — let the time to
put the screens up actually be the time to roll
them down. You can do it, whether your
house be old or new, your windows casement or
double sash. You can roll your screens down as
easily as a window-shade, by making a permanent
screen installation whose first cost is the last cost.

The Hastings Rolup Screen can be installed any-
where, installed to stay. Made of rust-proof and
corrode-resisting Monel metal, it is rolled upon a
specially constructed shade-roller, and enclosed in a
narrow metal casing (finished, if desired, like the
window-trim). Down the sides of the window, it
runs between small metal strips (also finished to
match). And a patented Rolup device insures it
forever against sagging and bulging out at the edges.

Old-fashioned half-screens 'are half -measures. They
stick and jam, pinch the fingers, ventilate a room in-
correctly, and frequently even admit the insects they
are designed to keep out. The Hastings Rolup
Screen answers all these problems at one stroke —
and the storage problem as well. Once up, they are
up to stay for years ; out of sight when not in use ;
and screening all the window or any portion of it,
as needed.

Write to us for the booklet that gives
full information about "The Screen
That Rolls Up Like a Window Shade."

"/T- fj.Q L LS

; HASTINGS ;

, Rplup Screens <

ROLUP SCREEN COMPANY

410 EAST 32nd STREET NEW YORK CITY

Annuals for Cutting and Decortaion

(Continued from page 55)

bearing flowers in long, loose sprays,
and Pulchella, with flowers in clusters.
Comes in salmon, pink, delicate
purple crimson and white. When
setting out, pinch out tops of seedlings
to make husky plants. They thrive in
a warm, light soil and bloom abun-
dantly from midsummer to late au-
tumn. This is a native flower that
deserves more general use.

COCKSCOMB (Celosia plumosa) : Tender.
Start indoors. Comes in red, scarlet,
salmon and yellow. The crested type,
C. Cristata, is too stiff for bouquets.
I prefer the plumed varieties for vase
work. Dried plumes can be used for
winter bouquets.

CORNFLOWER (Centaurea cyanus):
Hardy. Single and double sorts in
blue, pink, white, lavender and a
combination of these. Easy to grow.
They self-sow abundantly. No com-
muter's garden should be without
them, for no commuter would think
the summer's day started right with-
out cornflowers in his buttonhole.
They mix well with coreopsis.

COREOPSIS (C. tinctoria) : Sometimes
Calliopsis and Tickseed. 18"-3'.
Comes in yellow, crimson, gold and
a combination of these colours. Self-
sows abundantly. Seedlings should
be planted 9" apart in the row. Keep
flowers well cut because it goes to
seed fast.

DAHLIAS are usually grown from tubers
in order to have flowers of well-
known established varieties, but
there's no greater garden sport than
growing dahlias from seed, because
you haven't the slightest idea what
the flower is going to be like. They
often flower earlier than the roots.
Pinch out side shoots as in other
dahlias and use the same methods of
cultivation.

COSMOS (C. bipinnatus): Tender. 3'-6'.
Comes in white, pink and claret,
single and crested. Also a yellow va-
riety that is not advisable for northern
gardens because it rarely flowers be-
fore frost. Plant both early and late
flowering types for continuous bloom
from July on. Stake plants against
winds and beating rains. Keep
flowers cut. Try some of the double
crested types. Pinch out seedlings to
make strong plants.

GODETIA (G. amoena): Hardy, l'-2'.
Carries flowers in long, loose sprays.
Available in rose, salmon, scarlet,
lavender and mauve. Use tall va-
rieties for cutting. Will flourish in
shady places, survive seasons of
drought and prefers mean sandy soil
although it will do equally well in
moderate soil and sunlight. Trans-
plant to 1' apart. Can also be treated
as a biennial by sowing in July and
carrying over in a cold-frame.

LARKSPUR (Delphinium ajacis): Hardy.
3'. Come in white, blue, purple,
scarlet and pink. They like a rather
cool, moist soil. Some gardeners find
them difficult to transplant but it is
quite easy if seedlings are well wa-
tered before being lifted and plenty
of earth is retained undisturbed
around the roots.

LOVE-IN-A-MIST (Nigella damascena) :
Hardy. 18". Plant seed where to
grow and thin to 5" apart. Comes in
cornflower blue and white. Can be
planted where bulbs have been.
Either dig up the bulbs and heel them
in to ripen elsewhere or tie the fading
leaves up into little bunches and plant
the nigella seed between them. The
nigella is an ancient flower, curious,
and loved as much for its name as for
its form. It makes a good vase com-
panion for some of the gladioli.

LUPINS (Lupinus hirsutus): Hardy.
2'-4'. Tall spikes of bloom in yellow,
white, blue and white, rose, light and
dark blue, crimson tipped with white

and cream and pink. Seeds should be
planted where to grow, about 2" be-
low surface. They require plenty of
water.

MARIGOLDS (Calendula officinalis) : Pot
Marigolds. 2'. Single and double in
yellow and orange both self-colored
and striped types. Although they
grow anywhere, they prefer a light,
rich soil. In the cutting garden space
10" apart. Will bloom till killing
frosts.

AFRICAN MARIGOLD : (T ag eta
erecta): 2'-3'. Come in orange and
lemon, single and double. Have an
odor that some find offensive.

FRENCH MARIGOLDS. 2' high,
Lemon yellow, red, brown and a com-
bination of these colours. Generally
used for edgings but grow with stems
long enough for cutting.

MALLOW (Latavera): To those accus-
tomed to the perennial kinds this
annual type will be a pleasant sur-
prise. It can be grown as a hedge in
the cutting garden or for specimens
in the border. Requires a soil deeply
dug and plenty of water. Plant twe
seeds every 2' where to grow. The
pink and white funnel-shaped flowers
come on long stems that are excellent
for massed bouquets.

MIGNONETTE (Reseda odorata) ; Hardy.
Fragrant. 15"-18". Sow where to
grow, preferably in a damp spot,
early in April, and thin out plants to
6" apart. Sow seed at any time after
frost and make successive plantings
for continuous bloom. Comes in
white, reddish green and yellow. A
single spray of mignonette in a bou-
quet will scent a whole room.

NASTURTIUMS (Tropoeolum majus):
Too common to require description.
Some gardeners know them as the
lazy man's flower as they demand so
little attention. However, a few
should be grown in every garden for
the richness of their tints and their
peppery odor. It is wiser to plant
them in mean soil because in rich
soil the leaves become so abundant as
to hide the flowers.

MOURNING BRIDE (Scabiosa atropur-
purea): Called by some Sweet
Scabiosa and Cushion Flower. Hardy.
White, deep purple, mauve, scarlet
and pink flowers, decidedly fragrant.
They have an old-fashioned air that
is most attractive.

PAINTED TONGUE (Salpiglossis sinuata):
3'. Tender and consequently had bet-
ter be started indoors. Petunia-like
flowers borne on long stems in a va-
riety of delicate colourings — blue and
gold, yellow, purple, red veined with
yellow. This young lady at times is
rather difficult to bring up.

PANSIES (Viola tricolor): To some,
Heartsease, a quaint name. Sow in.
the spring under glass for fall bloom
and in fall for spring, wintering the
plants over either in a cold-frame or
well covered with leaves. Although
pansies will bloom all summer and
many a second year they do best in
the cooler days. In the hot seasons,
the flowers become smaller and the
plants grow leggy. Cut them back to
one or two eyes for abundant flowers
in the fall. A wide range of good
colours is available. By purchasing
from a reliable house you can be sure
of their coming true to name. They
are slightly fragrant and almost hu-
manly expressive.

PHLOX (Phlox Drummondi) : Tender.
12"-18". Sweet scented. Start
either early under glass or for late
bloom outdoors in May. Nip off
shoots to assure stocky growth. Ap-
preciate sunlight and a rich soil and
seem to be partial to lime, a pinch of
which can be put around each seed-
ling when setting out. Come in white,
(Continued on page 108)

April, 1922

107

CASSIDY COMPANY

INCORPORATED

designers and ^Manufacturers of Lighting Fixtures

Since 1867

101 PARK AVENUE AT FORTIETH STREET
NEW YORK CITY

ROOKWOOD

TILES AND POTTERY
SOLVE THE PROBLEM

of those who are working
out interior embellishment.
Call upon our agent in your
vicinity or write direct to us.

THE ROOKWOOD POTTERY CO.
Rookwood Place, Cincinnati, O.

MANTELPIECES
FIREPLACE EQUIPMENT

Replica o{ an early Dutch Colonial mantel. Circa 1763.

ARTHUR TODHUNTER— 414 MADISON AVENUE, NEW YORK

IKTTXTKT, Ao JRim-TV' JJV, ( \ ( :

"A Group Suggestion"

IDK.VM MI-«5HITTK3i A>'33 EXEC;T-TKI> VOIC
TYI'K O1P JliI>»IK. V>'K tVIXJL. «I^V19I
AXY ARTIC5UE8 «BK

IXti XKKJDK33 VOR TIIMK PROI>RR

AT W

Correspondence invited
1 7 EAST 4cjth STREET Plaza 0440 NEW YORK CITY

108

House & Garden

Fiske Also Makes

Ornamental Metal Work
of every kind

Lamp Brackets Balcony Railings
Lamp Standards Office Railings
Entrance Gates Grilles
Iron Fences Vestibule Doors

Gratings Spiral Stairs

Pipe Railings Tree Guards
Wire Trellises Turnstiles

Drinking Fountains
Overhead Washing Devices

Iron Lamp and
Bracket

This and a wide
variety of designs
in cast or wrought
iron and bronze.
Architects' special
designs also ex-
ecuted. Send for
special catalog.

Every Kind of
Fountain

We carry in stock
a large variety of
plain and orna-
mental fountains
-for lawn or park
use. Also aquaria.
Write for special
literature.

Archways

Stock sizes 18
and 30 inches
wide. All
span a four-
foot walk and
are seven feet
high. Galvan-
ized after
they are
made ; abso-
lutely rust-
proof.

Fiske Fences

for Permanence

THOUSANDS of country
estates, game preserves, model
farms, public and private grounds,
all over the nation, attest to the en-
durance of Fiske Climb - Proof
Chain Link Fences.

Year after year they stand up.
when other fencing has rusted
away, because these Fiske Fences
are galvanized after, not before the
wire fabric is woven.

Moreover, Fiske fence posts, set
deep in concrete, cannot rust at the
ground.

The mesh prevents climbing and
the construction of the top of the
fence prevents getting over if
someone should, by some chance,
get to the top.

We contract either to do the in-
stallation work or to furnish plans
and blueprints with full erecting
instructions.

Send for Fiske Catalog 14

J.WFiski

IRON
WORKS

ORNAMENTAL IRON WORK

SO Park Place «^ New York

Annuals for Cutting and Decoration

(Continued from page 106)

ESTABLISHED 1858

pink, scarlet, blue and violet. Will
also tolerate partial shade. Set out 1'
apart and watch for mildew, which
can be combated with sulphur pow-
dered on the leaves through a cheese-
cloth bag. The period of bloom can
be lengthened and bushier plants
grown by keeping the flowers well
cut.

PINKS. Dianthus chinensis is a summer
carnation, lacking fragrance but pleas-
ing for its colours. D. Heddewegi or
Japanese pinks are sturdier forms.
Sow seed in April indoors for flowers
from June till late in autumn, or sow
outdoors in May. Desire sun and a
rich clay soil, which is the preference
of all carnations. D. plumarius, al-
though hardy, is best treated as a bi-
ennial. Desirable varieties can be
continued by cutting or divisions.
Prune to revive old plants of D.
plumarius.

POPPIES (Papaver) : 2'. For cutting
use the Shirley types, although pop-
pies are so fragile that only with care
do they last a day. Cut early in the
morning as buds are unfolding and
plunge in boiling water. Will last a
day. The colours available are white,
pink, salmon, blue, terra cotta, black
and a delightful mauve with a deep
purple blotch at the base. There are
also single and double types. The
seed should be sown early on a wind-
less day. Prepare the spot where
they are to grow and rake it smooth.
Scatter the seed thinly and cover with
a light sprinkling of earth. When
plants are up thin out to 1' apart.

SNAPDRAGONS (Antirrhinum majus):
Hardy. Really a perennial, but
treated as an annual, although in well-
protected spots it can be carried over.
Three types — tall, medium and dwarf;
use the tall and medium for cutting.
Start seeds early in March indoors.
Come in a variety of pink, buff and
orange, scarlet, white, yellow, pale
magenta, coral red, gold and several
of these colours with white throats.
Nip off tops of seedlings when setting
out. No flower is more useful for
cutting.

STOCKS (Matthiola incana) : Half
hardy. 15"-18". Comes double and
single in white, yellow, pink, carmine,
crimson, mauve and purple. For
early bloom start indoors and
plant out in May. Fragrant. If
asters are the first of cut flowers and
snapdragons the second, then stocks,
especially the Ten Week types, come
third. Bloom till killing frosts.

SWEET PEAS (Lathyrus odoratus) :

Plant early, as early as St. Patrick's
Day, in the open ; or start seeds under
glass before that. Select a place the
previous fall where you intend to
plant them. Dig a trench 18" to 2'
deep. Fill the bottom 6" with broken
stone, ashes, etc., to assure good
drainage and the remaining with a
mixture made up of one-third rotted
manure, one-third rotted turfs, and
one-third equal parts of lime and
sand. This should stand over winter.
Plant the seeds in double rows 4"
apart, placing the seed 2" apart in
the row and 2" deep. Leave a slight
shallow in the trench and fill up as
the plants grow. Sweet peas want
plenty of water. They also deserve
a good trellis of chicken wire rather
than the careless-looking pea brush.
Incidentally they are considered deli-
cacies by cutworms, against which
one sprinkles lime each side of the
vines when they are 3" high.

SWEET ALYSSUM (Alyssum maritimum) :
Hardy. 6"-12". Sow where to grow
and thin out. Self-sows generously
and will spring up all over the garden
unless one watches out. Generally
used for edgings and in bouquets for
combinations of little flowers that re-
quire a touch of white. Fragrant.

SWEET SULTAN (Centaurea imperialist'.
Hardy. 18". Fragrant flowers borne
on long stems. Comes in white,
mauve, red and a mixture of these.
Keeps well in water. Blooms till frost.
Sow seed where to grow and thin out
to assure good growth. White, mauve,
purple and wine coloured. Keep cut.
Will endure a dry season excellently.

SWAN RIVER DAISY (Brachycome iberi-
difolia): Hardy. 9". Small, dainty
flowers in blue, white and rose suit-
able for light and airy bouquets.

SUNFLOWER (Iff elian t hus): 3'-S'.
Come single and double in yellow,
red, bronze and creamy white.

VISCARIA. ]'. A chaste little flower
borne on wiry stems. Pink, white,
crimson, rose and blue are available.
Viscaria is not grown in American
gardens as much as it ought to be.
Visitors always express delight over
it. Plant seed in cold-frame in early
April and set out in May. The season
of bloom lasts till early August.

VERBENA (V. hybrida): Fragrant.
Flowers are carried well above rest
of plant, which is often used for a
ground cover. Comes in white, blue,
salmon, scarlet and striped varieties.
Start early indoors and set out in late
May. Will bloom till after early
frost.

Trees to Plant Along the Street

(Continued from page 54)

develop compactly. If we are choosing
a tree for a specimen, we must consider
its points of exceptional interest, either
in the color of the foliage, flowers or
fruits, or other interesting character-
istics at some season of the year. If we
are selecting a tree from the viewpoint
of our neighbor — that is, if we are plant-
ing to secure seclusion — we must select
a tree which is low branched, compact
yet spreading, and one which has an
abundance of foliage. And so on down
the list of requirements and locations.
The selection of a satisfactory street
tree depends upon several character-
istics. First is the question of hardi-
ness. It will have trying conditions of
heat, smoke, dirt, and drought to con-
tend with. It must be able to resist
the attacks of insects, the ravages of
winter storms in which it will have to
rely on its own strength, and a restrict-
ed diet of food, light and air. Another
question is its physical appearance. It

must have a straight and symmetrical
habit, for the street is a place of such
prominence that each little defect shows
up very plainly. The tree should be
one which will develop into a dense,
round head in order that the maximum
shade may be secured from a minimum
amount of space. It should have a clean
habit; no long drooping branches or
falling twigs, flowers or fruit to litter
the street and make progress difficult.
Then too, the length of life should be
given consideration, for a slow develop-
ing tree of great beauty which is long
lived is far more desirable than one
which flourishes rapidly, then lapses into
decay and dangerous decline, notwith-
standing that the immediate effect of a
fast growing tree seems desirable. Effec-
tive plantings can be made by alternat-
ing a slow developing tree and a quick
growing one. Then when the slow
growth has made sufficient size to be
(Continued on page 110)

April, 1922

P. JACKSON HIGGS

Period Rooms Executed

AUTHENTIC ANTIQUES
ACCURATE REPRODUCTIONS

FOR A SINGLE PIECE OF
RARE PERIOD FURNI-
TURE — OR A COMPLETE
ROOM— WE ARE PRE-
PARED TO FURNISH AU-
THENTIC EXAMPLES, OR
MAKE ACCURATE REPRO-
DUCTIONS OF THE BEST
QUALITY.

fE WILL GLADLY AS-
SIST IN PLANNING

OR EXECUTE PERIOD
INTERIORS, PANELLING
OF ROOMS AND SUPPLY
FLOOR COVERINGS HANG-
INGS, ETC.

OUR COLLECTION IN-
CLUDES RARE SPECI-
MENS OF OLD ENGLISH
SILVER, CHINA, PORCE-
LAINS, LAMPS AND OTHER
OBJETS D'ART.

receive prvmpt attention

UARANTCED

W In/tag Forge, me

The W. Irving
Knocker
.\o. 615

hand forced

hardware.

TRADE HAKK

W. Irving HAND-FORGED
HARDWARE is most dis-
tinctive HARDWARE

For Homes, Churches,
Camps or Bungalows of
individuality.

Lighting Fixtures, Bells,
Lanterns, Shoe Scrapers,
Toasting Forks, Fireplace
Sets, etc.

The W. Irving
Sconce
No. 1102

The W. Irving Hiiiyc Xo. 65

write us or visit our shop

326-328 6ast38aSl. flewTorfe Gift

telephone fturray riill 8536.

Silky Sunfast Fabrics

For your Draperies — Furniture — Walls

'""T'HEIR gorgeous colorings — cheerful or quiet in tone — lend
-*• an air of unmistakable refinement to every room.

KAPOCK, too, is economical. Neither sun nor tubbing can
dim the "Long-Life Colors" and the double width allows for
splitting.

Send your dealer1! name and receive copy of "KAPOCK.
SKETCH BOOK" beautifully illustrated in colon.

A. THEO. ABBOTT 6i CO.

Dept. C. Philadelphia, Pa.

Be sure it's KAPOCK. Genuine has->-
name or 'white basting thread on selvage. X

An Absolute Requirement for

Ice Cream Fruits

Candies Salads

, .-i^, '?•."" Pastry Meats

-MA1,^: ,Vj' •..

, , ,>,:v Etc.

: <

The Welcome Guest and the Tempting Dinner

Become Agreeable Companions lOhen properly introduced
by AMERICAN Paper Doilies — Either Lace or Linen.

TKeir Craftmanship Delights the Most Fastidious.

Our special package of four Patterns in fancy gift boxes is $1.00
The attached coupon is for your convenience.

AMERICAN LACE PAPER Co..

MILWAUKEE, Wis.

American Lace Paper Co.

Milwaukee, Wis. Name-
Please send me your special . , _

package of four patterns of AddreSS-
American Doilies for the en*

closed $1.00.

110

House & Garden

The Hardware

is Important

THERE'S an atmosphere of distinc-
tion about many homes — subtle,
yet very real.

Analyzed, it is likely to mean that
every detail is correct. That the hard-
ware, for instance, is of fine quality
and in harmony with its surroundings.
The kind of hardware that bears the
Sargent name.

Sargent Hardware is beautiful in de-
sign. It is secure. There are patterns
to harmonize with every architectural
or decorative scheme.

Send for the Sargent Book of De-
signs. It contains illustrations of many
beautiful patterns to discuss with your
architect.

SARGENT & COMPANY

Hardware Manufacturers
31 WATER STREET NEW HAVEN, CONN.

Sargent Door Closers keep the doors
dosed that should be closed, surely
but silently. They are for screen,
kitchen, bathroom, back stair and
other doors. They add to the restful-
ness of your home.

Both the sugar and Norway maples are superior to the rapid growing

but weak branched silver species. They are splendidly adapted to

street planting, for which the sugar maple especially should be more

often chosen

Trees to Plant Along the Street

(Continued from page 108)

S A R G E N

LOCKS AND

HARDWARE

effective as a shade tree, cut down the
other, which was planted for the im-
mediate effect. The danger in this
practice is that the axe will be used too
sparingly to the detriment of the valu-
able tree which grows so slowly. After
these considerations attention should be
given to the most effective location.

On wide streets there is greater free-
dom in selecting trees because we do not
have to take so seriously into considera-
tion the area which can be allowed for
their development. However, it is wise
to select a tree which will develop into
a low, compact-headed specimen. While
on more narrow streets it will be neces-
sary to choose a tree which does not
have too great a spread, yet one which
has an abundance of shade, and is
hardy enough to stand the smaller
amount of light and air which it will
receive.

The location is the determining point
in the development and beauty of a tree.
Two rows of trees, one on each side of
the street, are always the best plan to
secure adequate shade, unless of course
the street or avenue is wide enough to
have a parking strip down the middle.
In this case three or four rows of trees
a-re possible. When practical the trees
should not only be evenly and uniform-
ly spaced, but they should be planted
opposite each other, regardless of prop-
erty lines or divisions. If the street is
too narrow for this arrangement it is
advisable to plant them alternately.

A street usually allows for a strip be-
tween the curb and the sidewalk for
street tree planting, but many a tree
has been doomed to a hard struggle and
an early death by such a restriction of
space. At least four square feet is re-
quired for each tree up to 6" in diam-
eter, and for each inch of increase a
corresponding increase of one square
foot of ground should be allowed. In
this way adequate air and moisture will
find their way into the roots of the
tree.

Where there is not sufficient room, or
where such a strip is altogether lacking,
it is possible and practical to plant the
trees on the other side of the walk, that
is on private property, providing of
course that they will not be near enough
to crowd the house, or that the house
will shut off too much light and air.
When trees are planted in such a place,
whether by individuals or the city, they
should become the property of the pub-
lic and not be dependent on private

charity for care. They should also be
planted with regard to the other trees
on the streets. Everyone will not have
a tree in his front yard at precisely the
spot he would like, but when the trees
are developed everyone will have a uni-
form and fair amount of shade, and the
beauty of the entire street will not be
impaired.

Maples have been popular for a long
time. The principal reason for this is
that they are such rapid growers, and
furnish an abundance of shade. It is,
however, to be lamented that these
qualities have led many people to over-
plant such varieties as the silver and
the Norway maple. There is not seri-
ous objection to the Norway (Acer
platanoides) except that there are many
other trees which have as valuable char-
acteristics to recommend them, and the
use of which would break the monotony
of street planting in general. The white
or silver maple (Acer saccharinum >
should be discouraged. It is a rapid
grower and is so greedy that it im-
poverishes the soil and makes lawn im-
possible. It has very weak and brittle
branches and so becomes a source of
danger in every hard storm. It is short
lived at best, and is host to a multi-
tude of insects. The sugar maple (Acer
saccharum) is the best shade and street
tree among the maples. It is as rapid a
grower as the Norway but has not had
as fair a chance to prove its value as the
others have. Its foliage lasts longer in
the fall, and has a more pleasing colour.
When young it develops a number of
small shoots which should be properly
trimmed. If this is done it will develop
into a compact and symmetrical head.

As a family the oaks are little used —
in fact far too little, for they have ad-
mirable characteristics which give them
advantage over other trees which enjoy
greater popularity. They are good shade
trees, although unfortunately popular
notion has it that they are very slow
in growth; but they are, in reality, not
slower growing than the -hard maples,
and besides they have such a long life
that they are far more valuable. They
are strong, beautiful, and enduring, and
better yet they are practically free from
insect pests. It is unfair to criticise the
oak until it has been given a greater
chance to prove its worth as a street
tree.

Perhaps the best street tree among
them is the pin oak (Quercus palustris).
(Continued on page 112)

April, 1922

111

Established Over Half a Centitr'

Our Linen Catalog features wanv neu
Spring and Summer bed coverings.

Pleasingly New and Different

p)OLLY MADISON BEDSPREADS Impart to any
J-' decorative scheme a finishing touch that is superb.
The charm, the winsome crinkle that predominates
throughout remains unaffected by washing and folding.

DOLLY MADISON BEDSPREADS need neve

ironed, and they wear retaining their attractive ap-
pearance indefinitely. They can be had in plain Cream,
also in a delightful color combination of Cream and
Blue, and Cream and Rose.

Size 72 x 99 $12.50 each

Size 90 x 100 . . .$15.00 each

land 3West 37th Street NevAork

Me Gibbon

^for-

Satis faction

Radiator Obtrusiveness Solved

WE agree with you that the exposed radiator,
however useful, is an unsightly object. That
evil is now unnecessary. The Radi-Grille, conserv-
ing both heat and space has become a decorative
accessory of the home.

A window seat treatment, as in the illustration above,
is one of the many attractive ways of making your
radiators obscure.

You will find in our booklet on Radiator Enclosures,
a number of other suggestions, adaptable to new
houses and old.

Suggestions for making decorative an article hitherto
unsightly and space absorbing.
You are welcome to a copy of the booklet.

TUTTLE & BAILEY MFC Co.

2 West 45th St. New York

Introducing a harmonious assort-
ment of exquisitely decorated cages
with pedestals to match the decora-
tive surroundings of the home.

There is a wide variety of finishes to
suit exacting, individual tastes or re-
quirements, among which are :

New dandelion and black ivory and colors.
Roman gold and marble effect. Antique
walnut and gold. Black and gold.

These alluringly new and charming
cages are a decided relief from the
ordinary, unsightly bird cage in gen-
eral use.

You will have a pride in the lasting
beauty of the distinctive Crucet Bird
Cage.

To be had at the leading store in your
city.

W rile {or booklet "Lovely Cages"

(Erurei fflanufarturtng (Co.
292 5th AUP.. 2m« fork

cPaaerewski's inanas

JUST AS Paderewski's fingers respond to the
musical impulses of his brain, so the APOLLO __
mechanism responds to the expression of
music rolls upon which he has personally recorded his
art. Science has endowed the APOLLO with the power
to match the touch of human fingers. Thus the art of the
world's great pianists is brought to your home.

MPOLLO

TRACK MAttK RIGISTIHCO

— reproduces.without personal man- =
ipulation, the exact performance of
the living artist. An exquisite grand
piano for manual playing, as well.

Catalogs on Request

Catalogs illustrating the various Apollo
pianos, together with the name of nearest
dealer where you may hear the Apollo, will
be sent you on request, without obligation.

THEAPOLLOPIANOCO.,DeKalb,Ill.

New York Branch, 12O W. 42nd St., NewYork.N. Y.
Pac.Coavt Branch, 985 Market St., San Francisco, Cal.

APOLLO PIANO CO., I vK.db, HI.
Without obligation, send me your cat-
alog. I would like information, par-
ticularly on the following, as checked:
D Qrand Reproducing Piano
Q Upright Reproducing Piano
O Foot Pedal Player Piano
Q Grand Piano
D Upright Piano

Q Installation of Reproducing Action in
my Piano.

Name.

Address

112

House &

WJiy MAPLE outwears
STONE

Every shoe in the thousands that strike a stone
sill, grinds off its toll of fine particles in an un-
changing friction. But Maple builds up its own
resistance to wear, because each passing foot
increases the polish on this hard fibred, tight-
grained wood, making it smoother and
smoother.

That is why Maple surpasses all other woods
and all other materials for flooring. Because of
its individual characteristics, architects specify
and users adopt this wood for every home,
office, school, church, apartment, public or
industrial building.

Wherever wear is essential or beauty desired
— floor with Maple. And to be sure of the grade
and quality you should have, use flooring pro-
duced according to the rigid inspection stand-
ards of the Maple Flooring Manufacturers
Association.

Thus you get the flooring made from the
climate-hardened, slow-growth Maple of
Michigan and Wisconsin — the source of the
world's finest Maple for floors.

Since Maple is graded primarily by appearance, you
can get a serviceable Maple floor which fits any need
of present economy as well as long-run saving.

Retail lumber dealers can show you the possibilities
of beautiful surface finish offered by Maple and
its kindred woods, Beech and Birch. Your architect
will verify every fact we have told you.

MAPLE FLOORING MANUFACTURERS ASSN.

1047 Stock Exchange Building, Chicago

The letters MPMA on
Maple.beech orBirch floor-
ing signify that the floor-
ing Is standardized aud
guaranteed By the Maple
Flooring Manufacturers
Association, whose mem-
bers must attain and
maintain the highest
standards of manufacture
and adhere to manufactur-

ing rules which economi-
cally conserve every par-
ticle of this remarkable
woocLThlstrademark Isfor
your protection. Look for
It on the flooring you IIM-.

MFMA

Floor iw$ Maple

Trees to Plant Along the Street

(Continued from page 110)

This tree develops into a pyramidal head
80' to 120' high. It has wide spreading,
symmetrical branches which are hung
with a thick, handsome foliage. It is
one of the most beautiful of the oaks
with its clear-cut foliage, smooth,
columnar trunk and brilliant autumn
colouring, and is well worthy of more
extensive use.

The red oak (Quercus rubra) is the
fastest growing oak and possesses the
hardiest constitution of the family.
Consequently it will thrive in a far
greater variety of soils, and so is more
wide-spread over the country. The
scarlet oak (Quercus coccinea) is as
hardy and as rapid a grower as the
others. It develops into a round, dome-
shaped tree which has handsome foliage,
especially in the fall when it changes
to a brilliant scarlet.

The white oak (Quercus alba) is not
a good street tree because it is so very
slow in growth, but when it does exist
it is a noble specimen, and by far the
king of the forest.

Any one travelling through New Eng-
land could not have failed to be im-
pressed with the dignity and grandeur
of the spreading American elms. This
is by far one of the most beautiful shade
trees of America, and can be adapted
either to narrow or wide streets, because
it lias such high branches. The tall,
vase-like tree throws its graceful, arch-
ing branches across the street and en-
sures an abundance of airy shade. Even
in winter its delicate tracery of branches
against the sky is a picture worth hav-
ing. But it is to be greatly lamented
that such an admirable specimen should
be the host for a number of insect pests,
especially the elm tree beetle and the
gypsy moth, which have destroyed
hundreds of noble trees. But there are
exceptions to all rules, and this draw-
back may be overlooked because the
other characteristics overbalance it.
Besides, the Forestry Departments
understand now how to combat this in-
sect evil effectively with sprayings of
lead arsenate in April and in August.

The European elm (Ulmus campestris)
is also adaptable for street planting. It
is smaller and more compact than its
American relative, but these character-
istics are offset by the fact that it is
even greater in its attraction to insects.

The American linden (Tilia ameri-
cana) and the English variety (Tilia
turopcea} are both adaptable for nar-
row street planting. They are vigorous
growers and produce an abundance of
shade. As young trees they present a
pyramidal appearance but with age they

develop into dense, round headed trees.
They have the one drawback, insects.
Especially in the late summer, when
sometimes they are quite stripped of
their leaves. The European species with-
stands insects better, but it is not an
uncommon occurrence that they both
escape.

Perhaps one of the best trees for nar-
row streets is the Ginko (Ginko biloba)
or the maidenhair tree. This is an im-
portation from China and Japan, and
although it is fairly recent it has proved
a valuable contribution and has been
tried with great success in Washington,
D. C. It has a singular erect habit
with curiously horizontal branches. The
foliage is not only interesting because of
its peculiar shape, which is fan-like,
but also because in the autumn it
changes to a pure golden yellow. While
the tree is singular in appearance, it is
not freakish, and will develop with time
into a wide spreading, robust tree. It
is perfectly hardy, fairly rapid in
growth, will stand the trying conditions
of the city, and best of all it is free from
all insect pests.

Another tree which has been popular
in some sections, and justly so, is the
plane tree (Platanus orientals) and also
the native variety, the sycamore (Plat-
anus occidentalis) . Both combine rapid
growth with practically every other ad-
mirable feature or characteristic of a
good shade tree. They are perfectly
hardy, and develop into symmetrical,
compact, round headed trees. They also
have no insect pests to hinder their
development. One of their interesting
characteristics is that they shed their
bark in large flakes, which leaves a whit-
ish spot and gives them a mottled ap-
pearance which is very effective, espe-
cially in winter.

There are a number of trees which
through lack of care in the selection
have come to be considered as street
trees, but which often should be avoid-
ed. For instance, the horse-chestnut is
more suited for broad lawns where it
can develop and be admired from a
distance, and where its flowers and
fruits will not be a temptation to break
branches and so mar the tree. And yet
— think of its superbly effective lines
along the Champs Elysees! The box
elder is another tree which is not adapt-
able to street use because of the litter
its branches, leaves and fruits make on
the sidewalks. The catalpa comes under
this listing, for not only is it a tree of
unclean habit, but it is very short lived
and weak in structure. All of the pop-
lars are short lived and prone to disease.

The New Swimming Hole

(Continued from page 45)

sort of hand-hold around the edge —
what is usually called a life rail, and a
ladder for ascending from the water.
All of these more or less artificial fea-
tures can be managed, even to a scum
gutter if a scum gutter be necessary
(although it is an adjunct which in pri-
vate outdoor pools may well be omit-
ted), so that the pool will appear to be
an integral part of the landscape.

The first thing to decide upon is the
location of the pool, and as the most
desirable quality the pool can possess
is seclusion, a natural forest background
is an ideal setting. But natural forest
backgrounds cannot always be had for
the asking; the proposed pool may be
situated on a Long Island barren, where
the only trees on the place have been
moved in on tree movers at great labor
and expense; or the sole stretch of
woodland may be so far from the house
and the water supply that even if pipes
could be laid to it, the remoteness of

the pool would be far from inviting.
Again it is often pleasant to have the
pool near a tennis court or other play
ground, so that a dip may follow close
upon a game; or, a bit of water in the
landscape may be the one note needed
to give the outlook from the house life
and sparkle. Any one of a number of
reasons may make a native woodland
background an unattainable ideal. But
when one can be achieved, the labor
will be well repaid.

But in any case, the pool should be
at least partially surrounded by a
growth of trees and shrubbery, even
though it be necessary to plant every
bush, for not only is the pool dependent
upon the shadows and reflections in it
for two-thirds of its charm, but its
actual scale in the landscape is lost if
there is no planting near by. A pool of
fairly large size, lying out in the open
may look like a tiny puddle, for water
(Continued on page 114)

April, 1922

113

See it at your
dealer's orwritc
to us for de-
scriptive folder
of Sexton
Porcelain En-
ameled Ranges.

LISTENING— gleaming— Wl ! 1TE

— this Excelsior Gas Range is as
practical as it is beautiful. It represents
eighty-three years of effort to make cook-
ing and baking successful for every
housewife. It has been designed to min-
imize kitchen effort — to beautify the
home. Of pure WHITE Porcelain Enamel
— with handsome nickle trimmings — it is
as easily cleaned as a china bowl.

The Excelsior Gas Range

Does the Lamp of
Hospitality Shine
Before Your Door?

THE art of exterior light-
ing is still comparatively
young in America. The
home lighted without, as well
as within, still possesses a
pleasing character of origi-
nality.

And what better shows forth
the hospitable heart of a
home than a quaint lantern
suspended before the door,
a lamplit driveway, or a
cheerful radiance at the very
gate? And certainly nothing
is more discouraging to the
evildoer.

The Smyser-Royer line of
Exterior Lighting Fixtures
ranges from single lamps

suitable for the smaller home
to the most elaborate effects
for the country seat or the
public building. The Smyser-
Royer name is a guarantee
not only of artistic excel-
lence, but of lasting, weather-
resisting beauty as well.

SMYSER-ROYER CO.

Main Office and Works: York, Pa.
Philadelphia Office: 1609 Sansom St.

SEND US THIS REQUEST BLANK

for "The Lamp of Hospitality", a little book con-
taining some interesting information on Exterior
Lighting. Kvery architect ami contractor should
have our Catalog "F".

Xame . ,

Aildre?

cU)hite<House

fine
SECTIONAL UNIT STEEL DRESSERS

Steel Casements

for artistic residences and
other substantial buildings

Made in varied designs
to meet all conditions

CRITTALL CASEMENT WINDOW CO.

Manufacturers Detroit Michigan

JlHlT-ilJ

The pride of the present day house-
wife is manifested in the convenience
andcomelinessof her pantry and kitchen.
She no longer countenances old-fash-
ioned, poorly-arranged, unscientifically-
constructed wooden kitchen equipment,
--any more than she favors oil lamps
or wooden wash tubs

WHITE HOUSE kitchen equipment
is entirely of steel,-- white enameled!
The surface is smooth, gleaming, mois-
ture-proof, and pest-proof ;--and more
durable than porcelain. No item of
Kood construction is overlooked or for
gotten. Such seemingly little things as
anti-friction drawers and step-saving
arrangement, in themselves make
WHITE HOUSE equipment indispens-
able. Each door has a personal latch, —
independent in its action

And WHITE HOUSE equipment is
arranged in sections.- -or units - - so that
almost any srjace, however irregular, can
be handily filled. The various units
may be arranged in tiers.— orside by side-
adaptable to the measurements of your
kitchen.

WHITE HOUSE
equipment in your
kitchen constitutes
a Silent Servant --
immaculate, time-
J» enduring, beautiful.

Our catalog shews your kitchen, with WHITE HOUSE equipment.

JANES & KIRTLAND

133 West 44th St. Established ,840 New York

114

House & Garden

your window

is the health-guard of your home.

"T^HROUGH it comes sunshine, fresh
(9 air, ventilation. Carrier's Quad-
rant Adjuster for casement windows is
designed to give the maximum ventila-
tion value. It locks automatically in any
position and permits a full opening.

It operates more easily than other form
of window construction and, as it does
away with hinges, your window cannot
sag, slam, or rattle — nor can it stick.
The Carrier Adjuster allows the win-
dow to be opened or closed without dis-
turbing your summer screens or drap-
eries.

Looking In Looking Out

This shows the long-wear-
ing bronze Quadrant Ad-
juster which is of worm
gear construction and allows
window to open to
any width. It also
acts as a lock, re-

. * ,«

quiring no other
fastener.

Wash i n g inside
and outside made
easy — from one
position.

This view was taken from
the inside looking out and
shows the Quadrant Ad-
juster control lever which
operates smoothly
and with the least
possible effort.

Write for our de-
scriptive leaflet
and architect's
specification.

CARRIER ADJUSTER CO.

Asheville, N. C.

ri^M<1t>ixiti^t)Mfritih»1frM>gtit>»1^t^

The New Swimming Hole

(Continued from page 112)

has a way of foreshortening amazingly;
but with groups of trees and shrubs near
at hand to contribute a vertical dimen-
sion, to close in to some extent the pic-
ture and give it scale, the puddle takes
on length and breadth and delightful
depths which its shadowless surface
would entirely lack.

The location of the pool having been
settled, its size and shape are the next
considerations. The standard size for
indoor pools is 20' x 60' and these di-
mensions may well act as a guide for
the size of the outdoor naturalistic pool,
although its irregular shape and broken
shore line make a somewhat larger pool
more desirable. Probably the best shape
for such a pool is that shown in the
plan of the Alexander place, a pool
smaller at one end than the other, with
the shore lines narrowing a little and
then swelling out again. Too great ir-
regularity of line unless the pool is un-
usually large makes swimming difficult
for more than two or three people, be-
sides increasing considerably the cost of
construction. The Alexander pool is
about 70' long, 40' wide at its broadest
part, and 25' at the narrow end, and for
the purposes of this article we will take
this 70' x 40' to 25' pool as a type.

Construction

In constructing the naturalistic pool
one follows up to a certain point the
same procedure as for a formal pool.
The outline of the pool having been
staked out and the excavation made
1' wider than the outside walls of the
pool and 1' below the proposed level
of the bottom of the floor, to allow for
cinders around the outside, the sub-
grade is well tamped down, any soft
earth taken out and replaced by hard
fill, wooden forms for the side walls
built, reinforcing rods placed inside,
and concrete poured just as in a rec-
tangular pool. For a pool this size (8'
deep at one end and 4' at the other)
the walls should run from about 15"
thick at the top to about 2' at the bot-
tom, with a footing to project 6" on
each side of the wall. The inside face
should be vertical and the outside face
should slant, in order to act as a re-
taining wall when the pool is empty.

The forms for the wall ought to be
so built as to leave a jog out of the
inside of the wall at the top in order
that it may be faced down with stones
1' or so below water level, to hide the
concrete. At the time these are set,
heavy steel rings may be put in, just
below the water line, to hold the rope
which acts as a life rail.

The bottom of the pool may have a
uniform slope from the shallow end to
the deep end, or it may have a spoon-
shaped bottom. The latter is not quite
so simple to construct, but it is a better
form to use, because it gives the greatest
depth 12' or 15' from one end, where
it is needed for diving, and moreover
the depth is uniform for about one-
third its length at each end — a very
good point where the pool is to be used
fer both swimmers and non-swimmers.
The thickness of the floor of the pool
need not be greater than 9" as it rests
on the earth, but careful preparation of
the sub-grade is necessary, and the bot-
tom should be well reinforced with rods
and expanded metal lath as an extra
precaution against settlement of the
earth after construction.

About the best device for preventing
cracking from extremes of temperature
in an outdoor pool is to start the wall
1" away from the side walls, and fill
the space with asphalt when the con-
crete has well hardened. The asphalt
must be heated until it runs easily, and
care exercised not to leave any voids
in it; the joint thus formed takes care
of excess contraction and expansion, and

if the concrete mixture is good, and the
pool well reinforced, makes the liability
of cracking almost negligible, whatever
the temperature changes.

Perhaps it might be well to say in
passing that a good mixture of cement,
sand and gravel or crushed stone, to
use for this purpose, is one part cement,
two of sand and four of stone. The
whole structure should be given a coat
of waterproof cement before putting in
the water.

The plumbing features of the pool
consist of a 2" to 4" supply pipe, de-
pending upon the size of the water main
from which the supply is taken (more
than one inlet is hardly necessary in a
private pool), a 6" cast iron drain set
at the deepest point in the bottom of
the pool, and a 6" overflow. All the
pipes should be set before any concrete
is poured. In addition to the regular
supply pipe which will fill the pool com-
aratively quickly, a very delightful frill
to add is a little spring furnished with a
ripple of water by a half inch pipe con-
cealed in the rocks. A natural run-off
near by is the logical place to build such
a spring, at a height of from 2' to 6'
above the main pool, depending upon
its distance away. It is easy to dam this
water and arrange a series of falls and
eddies with the water rippling and tum-
bling over the stones and dropping
finally into the big pool. A little spring
of this sort adds a laughing note to the
stillness of the large pool which all of
us who have waded in sunny mint-
bordered brooks will cherish.

As the height of the overflow pipe es-
tablishes the water level, and as it is
pleasant to be able to walk near the
water's edge, the pipe can be placed so
as to keep the water up to a level of
2" below the stones on one side of the
pool. A great deal of interest is obtain-
able by varying the height of the pool's
margin ; the stone may be built up to a
height of 4' or 5' above the water level
on one side (with the earth behind cor-
respondingly raised) and brought gradu-
ally back to the water's level again on
the other, and the high side emphasized
by high planting, so as to increase its
effectiveness, with creeping things or
very low-growing things on the other
side to make the contrast between the
two more striking.

The Coping

All of the construction below the wa-
ter line is fairly simple if specifications
are followed; it is when one arrives
at the coping of the pool that art must
step in and take a hand, or the pool
might better have followed the conven-
tional pattern. On the skilful handling
of the coping, and the treatment of its
margin, depends the successful appear-
ance of the pool. Flat or flattish
stones adapt themselves most readily to
this work, and a quarry haying stratified
rock formations, from which the stone
breaks in big flat pieces, is an ideal
source of material. Such stone is han-
dled with much greater ease than
boulders, the method being to build up
a kind of wall, following as closely as
may be the natural rock formation, with
big, bold projections in some places and
stretches stepped back at other points,
to give some play of light and shadow.
The pictures of Mr. Jensen's pools will
illustrate the stratified formation of this
rockwork. It is bedded in cement
mortar, the joints raked out to a depth
of 12" or more, and then filled in with
earth to provide a foothold for plants.
Mr. Jensen has used stone from Wis-
consin which seems especially created
for this work, and in some cases has
marked the stones of whole sections of
the quarry, putting them back as nearly
as may be in the positions in which they
(Continued on page 116)

April, 1922

115

THE IDEAL
S-X BISK

Steel Unit Kitchen Cabinet

($75 Factory Price
Complete)

pONTAINS all a family
^"require for cooking and
storage of food and dishes.
Cabinet is one of our units
which are interchangeable
like bookcase and may be
combined with our famous
Built-in Steel Kitchen.
Unit Prices — Top, $30;
Center, $5; Base, $40.

BISK CORPORATION

BROCKTON, MASS.

Office and Showroom:

625 Little Bldg.,

Boston, Mass.

JTEEL KITCHEN TABLE

($22 Factory Price)

L NOTHER of our famous steel units. Elec-
^ trically-welded steel, baked white enamel
ni^h. Cannot chip or warp, 25 x 40. Tepco
op porcelain enamel. Two large steel draw-
is, won't bind or stick. Interchangeable with base of above cabinet.

Originators and Builders

of the Wonderful
Space-saving Built-in Steel Kitchen

'pecified by Leading Architects all over America. All
ur products are made from automobile-body steel.

No. 27655 $40.

For the
Georgian Room

DELICACY of DESIGN,
simplicity of line, and pendants
of clear crystal give this Mir-
ror Sconce all the quaint charm
of the days when its original re-
flected the candle-lighted ball-
room with rose-garlanded
gowns sweeping through the
graceful minuet

Nothing more suitable could be
chosen for a room furnished in the
Georgian or Colonial manner by the
woman of good taste.

CRAFTSMANSHIP of the highest order, combined with
quiet elegance and dignity, is apparent in each creation of
the Robert Phillips Company, Inc. All periods are cor-
rectly interpreted, the designs being adapted from the work
of famous artists and craftsmen, as preserved in museums,
and in houses of earlier periods

We shall be Robert Phillips Co.
Incorporated

Artisans in all Metals

advice to those
genuinely in-
terested in cor-
rect lighting
fixtures

101 Park Avenue
; w York City

Write for our
small portfolio,
showing a few
really authentic
and reasonably
priced fixtures

The Story of

The Champion Floor Mop

"Mrs. Brown called me over to see her new dusting and polishing mop today.
It is the finest mop I have ever seen and is called the

It is so fluffy, with such nice long strands, and with a full yarn center. She
told me it picked up an unusual amount of dust and dirt.

"I tried it and I could see that it cleaned and polished beautifully without
leaving any oily film. Then Mrs. Brown showed me how the swab could be
slipped off the steel frame for easy washing. She has two swabs so that one
is always clean — and it costs less to buy a new swab then to buy a new mop.
"I'm going to have a Liquid Veneer Mop at once. It is so far ahead of any
other I have seen."

Liquid Veneer Victory Mop ................................. $1.25

Liquid Veneer Junior Mop .................................. 1.50

Liquid Veneer Mop "Champion of the World" ............... 2.00

At all hardware, grocery, paint and department stores.
BUFFALO SPECIALTY CO.

Buffalo, N. Y.
Bridgeburg, Ont. London, England

OUST WITH

mm mm

" The Magnolia"- "House and Garden"

fi_Rnnm ^Artinn _ Rtiilt Tne kind of a cottage you've dreamed of. Just one of
MCUOn DUlll the many mod(?rn^ ^rustic and attractive Section-

D W E L L. I N G Built Dwellings and Garages shown in our new catalog.

Notice the pretty window shutters and the exquisite

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bedrooms, a bath, cozy kitchen, a screened breakfast room or sleeping porch, and good
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SECTION-BUILT-ERECT IN THREE DAYS

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come to you in a few sections, ready to join together, Instead of thousands of pieces. You need no
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Send 10 cents for our new catalog. It's a beauty and will give you valuable ideas for that summer
home or cajnp; or show you how to provide for more quarters needed on a big estate, such as overflow
guest houses, bath and golf houses, etc.

Mershon & Morley Company, 48 Main Street, Saginaw, Mich. Est. 1898.

116

Plen

it Constant Pressure
without a Tank

Just turn the faucet
and you have water
in abundance direct
from well.

The Tzuxkless Water Systenx

fA u torn a ticj

gives you every convenience of
city water supply.

The WESTCO saves you the
expense of a storage tank. Has
no belts, valves or gears. Its all-
bronze pump has only one mov-
ing part,

Runs by means of regular
electrical current or batteries of
a farm lighting plant.

Simplicity of design, superior
workmanship
and the best of
materials insure
long 1 i f e — de-
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—low cost of up-
keep.

TkousaJtds in daily use

WESTERN PUMP COMPANY

DAVENPORT, IOWA

Distributors in Principal Cities
direct from well +o drinKing"cu

(Tear off here, fill in and mail.)

Western Pump Co., Davenport, Iowa.

I am interested in your Tankless Water System. Send me free of
charge Bulletin C-7 "How Things Have Changed".

Name City or Town.

State.. Street or R.F.D..

House &• Garden

The New Swimming Hole

(Continued from page 114)

lay. The picture of the Kelly pool will
illustrate very well the transition from
a high or built-up grade to a low one.
The earth behind -the stones must be
filled flush with their tops so that the
whole thing will have the appearance
of a natural rock ledge.

To make the border of stone of the
boulder type is a much more difficult
proposition. It is necessary in the first
place to use very much larger units,
because if small stones are used to form
the edge it takes on the appearance of
a stone heap. Big boulders are hard to
shift, but if flat stones are out of the
question, then the thing to do is to
study out well beforehand the arrange-
ment of the stone along the margin, de-
termine what parts are to be high, what
parts low, select stone for given spots,
and haul them into position, placing
them at once as nearly as possible in
the positions they are to occupy. The
use of a great deal of earth with stones
of the boulder character helps to de-
crease the look of artificiality ; covering
at times the sides and tops of the stones,
allowing them to project only on the
water side, bringing the earth down to
the water's edge over smaller stones ce-
mented on to the top of the pool wall
and projecting over it so as to cast a
shadow which will hide the cement
wall.

Steps of flat stones down into the
pool may be constructed between these
big boulders, or, as Mr. Jensen has
done in the Kelly pool, in a crevice art-
fully made by two big rock formations.
How much more delightful it is to slip
deliriously into a shadowy pool from
these friendly rock steps, than to
clamber down a bronze ladder.

A spring-board at the deep end of
the pool is a touch not out of harmony
with the natural surroundings, for what
swimming hole did not have its project-
ing log, or old plank with one end held
down by rocks?

The planting around the pool will de-
pend to a great extent on the character
of the native growth in the neighbor-
hood of the pool. Again, the best possi-
ble pattern is Nature's, for one cannot
do better than to study local woodland
near a rock-edged stream or pond, and
adapt its growth to the artificial one.
If arrow-wood, elder, spice bush and
birch form the plant society of such a
spot, then these are the things to plant
near the swimming pool. Carry this
plan further and apply it to the choice
of the small plants and vines; use wild

grape and bittersweet to clamber ovf
the rocks, rather than such tarr
climbers as roses and trumpet vine. Us
marshmallows, spike rush, Solomon
seal and Joe Pye weed at the water
brink rather than phlox and larkspu
however delightful these may be in tt
garden ; see that the ferns you tuck int
the rock crevices are the native kinc
like maiden-hair, cinnamon fern an
Christmas fern — not such hothouse vz
rieties as Boston fern or ostrich plurr
fern, for these latter are false noti
in the landscape, and the true woot
land spirit is not to be captured excel
by fidelity to detail. However muc
one may admire the regal blue of larl
spur, or the splendor of hydrangeas the
will absolutely upset the character (
the whole scheme if they appear in
naturalistic planting.

For the depths and shadows whic
evergreens contribute, cedars are pel
haps the finest near water, and next t
these white pines or hemlocks. Eve
hemlocks are not so universally adap'
able as cedars and white pine, becaui
the native habitat of the hemlocks
a very special sort of place; they love
rocky gorge or the fringes of a beec
forest, and they are apt to look uncorr
fortable in other landscapes. But tl
feathery depths of cedar, their tall poin
reflected in the water, the dark bluis
indeterminate mass of white pine, wit
a spray of ninebark or dogwood brusl
ing across in front, almost always seei
at home near water.

Evergreens, however, must be use
sparingly near a naturalistic swimmir
pool, only to contrast here and thei
by their dark hues with a sunnie
lighter sort of planting, because to
sombre greens are apt to heighten tl
frog and snake illusion; a pool after a
in the midst of tall, dark firs is onl
for the phantasmal ladies in the pain'
ings of some of our modernists. Wi
roses, sumach and hawthorn, if yoi
pool is in New England or the Midd
West ; dogwood, bayberry and elder
it is on Long Island; arrow- wood at
alder in New Jersey; and all of the
mixed with the taller forest trees sue
as elms or oaks or gum trees, may we
make up the planting near the poc
Nature's best pictures are not to be in
proved upon, and if we can but restra:
our desire to accomplish such improv
ment, or at the least reserve it for tl
formal garden, the naturalistic swin
ming pool will be a convincing imitatic
of the real thing.

The Semi-Centennial of Arbor Day

(Continued from page 38)

would give him for his bread and the
syrup for his matutinal hot-cakes, than
he was of their visual contributions of
future years, but who shall say that he
was?

We cannot give too much attention
to the planting of trees around the
houses that we build today. The flow-
er-beds, the boundary hedges, the foun-
dation shrubbery — these tie the house
to its site, bring it back to earth, out
of the reaches of bare, raw soil which
the contractors left behind them; they
lift it from unadorned infancy to prom-
ising childhood. It is the function of

trees to carry on the process to tl
substantial, hearty health of matu
years.

When you build, then, look to tl
trees first of all. If there are Ian
ones on the property, cherish thei
Plan the location of the house and i
walks and driveways so as to preser
and set off their beauty. Where fii
trees do not already exist, plant ne
ones, the best you can get.

Preserve and plant — these are tl
keynotes of Arbor Day. Let us a
this year and every year, help to spre;
the doctrines of the trees.

April, 1922

117

Bungalows^

5cnd for this
Beautiful Book

pOR many years I have speciaj-

i^ed in building Bungalows and

Homes — aggregating over one-

half million dollars' worth yearly.

Thirty-four of our best designs
have been assembled in a hand-
some book called "Beautiful
Homes." Each design has been
built many times and is a monu-
ment to our business.

All plans are full of style and snap
—they are praaicat— different from
the ordinary.

WALTER G.TRUETTNER

BUILDER

LISBON AVE. MILWAUKEE.WIS.

HESS WHITE
STEEL

Medicine Cabinets and Lavatory
Mirrors — meet the demand for bet-
ter-than-wood cabinets and wood-
framed mirrors, and at reasonable
prices.

The highest grade of materials and
workmanship goes into these goods
— polished plate glass mirrors, nick-
eled brass
hardware,
steel or glass
shelves, and
the whole, in-
side and out,
finished in
beautiful
baked white
enamel, guar-
anteed to be
everlasting.

Look for this mark:

and make sure you are Kettinjj the gen-
uine Hess. Sold by dealers every-
where. Illustrated booklet on request.

HESS WARMING & VENTI-
LATING CO.

1223 Tacoma Bldg. Chicago

Makers of HESS WELDED STEEL
FURNACES.

•••IIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHllllllllllltlllllll iiliiiiiiifiii iiilllillill -I, iiiii-.ltsiliili.ilii,,,!, .,,; :i|| :,,, :,,; „ H

PROTECTION - ECONOMY - BEAUTY - COMFORT

When You Screen With "Pearl"

In a well screened house there is more health than in
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health of your treasures against semi-carrying insects
night and day. Keep them out. Screen your windows,
doors and porches with PEARL \VIRE CLOTH.

PEARL WIRE CLOTH is a health as well as a
comfort necessity. Due to a special process metallic
coating it is cleanest, most beautiful, and most econom-
ical— for it is longer lasting.
g

| liuy only the Genuine which has two copper wires in
| the selvage and our red tag on every roll.

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| The Gilbert & Bennett Mfg. Co.

g New York Georgetown, Conn. Chicago Kansas City

A: H l*»irl ix >ni<l> in to;, ,,;-ir,ht* — rrfjntvr and ertrn hr
The tH-xt hirdtnirf drain in ynttr city sell* "PK.-IRL"

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No. 4022 Newton

8K * 4',ji inches

$5.75

THE DOOR KNOCKER

More earnestly than any other portion of the
hardware, does the Door Knocker exemplify the
taste of the owner.

With its atmosphere of warmth, and personal com-
munication, it conveys the_ first favorable impres-
sion of your home, centering on your front door.
It is the courier to announce that one without
awaits a bid of welcome.

Specify - \rtbrass Door Knockers to your Archi-
tect or Dealer. Catalog of complete line and
History of Door Knockers sent upon request.

ART BRASS COMPANY, Inc.

299 East 134th Street New York

Also manufacturers of the Famous
SAN-O-LA Bath Room Accessories

Pinkham

EING flat where placed, with the
everlasting sturdiness of the
hand-made, Pinkham Home-
Made Rugs seem always in keeping
with the craftsmanship of Sheraton
and Chippendale. Hand-braided from
soft-toned new materials, they lend to
any home a welcoming air of comfort
and a touch of dignity.

Braided in rounds and ovals. On
view at the leading stores. Color
combinations without limit. Send
samples of your chintzes and wall-
coverings and our artists, without
charge, will submit color-sketches in
harmony.

PINKHAM ASSOCIATES. Inc.

Road Portland. Maine

ZN^oblesse
oblige"

IT is NOT a matter for won-
der that Old Hampshire Sta-
tionery is as perfect as it is. It
could not well be otherwise.

It is made in a paper-mill
where excellence has been
traditional for generations.
It is made by skilled paper-
makers who have always
striven for theutmost in qual-
ity papers, and who would
not be satisfied with less.

One would expect these
master craftsmen to put in-
to their social stationery all
the quality and beauty that
characterize the product of
the Old Hampshire mill.

It is a matter of jioblesse
oblige, if you will.

neni

\^J

Made in three styles —
Vellum, Lawn and Bond.
The Vellum is a paper of
weight and substance, with
a fine, dead-white matt sur-
face that takes ink like rare
old parchment. It is sold
wherever fine stationery is
found. Ask your stationer.

rREE—A *„* ./ Sftclmen Sheet,

and Envelopes will be lent an rtqueit

Hampshire Paper Company

Fine Stationery Department

South Hadley Falls, Mass.

118

House & Garden

Let Us Send You the
Leading Dahlia Catalogue

OUR 1922 Catalog is the most
complete and beautiful book
we have ever issued. Xot only
does it give you complete infor-
mation about all our
neiy creations but de-
scribes all the old fa-
vorites— many being
pictured in their nat-
ural colors.

Mary Steffenson

(Illustrated)

So beautifully distinct
from any other dah-
lia. The soft colors
and tints blend so
harmoniously. The
most exquisitely
formed flowers are
carried so gracefully,
erect to facing, on the
long cane stiff stems.
Size, six to eight
inches. Color at base
of petal, citron yel-
low, outer half creamy
white, both yellow
and white mottled
and overspread roso-
lane pink. Many pet-
als showing faint yellow along mid-vein. All dusted over with tiny
crystal-like particles, as of gold dust. An ideal dahlia for cutting, ga
fo-r exhibition. Roots $5.00 each.

We Invite Your Attention To These
1922 INTRODUCTIONS

Other new creations are described and pictured
in natural colors in our catalogue

;listenins
rden and

CANADA One of, if not the largest snow
white Peony Dahlia. Massive flowers on
good stiff stems. An early ami frtc Ijluuin-
er. Roots, $5.00 each.

MEDUSA (Decorative) Not only one of
the very largest dahlias grown, but en-
tirely distinct in form and habit. A cross
of tile two wonder dahlias. Insulinde and
Flamingo. Color, luminous rose red, tint-
ing lighter toward the tips. Size, 8 to 10
inches. Remarkable grower with flowers?
erect on cane stiff stems. Roots, $10.00 each.

MRS. J. HARRISON DICK (Decorative)

A wonderful garden and cutting dahlia.
Color, citron yellow nt center, outer petals
suffused and overlaid salmon pink. A
lovely and effective combination, especially
under artificial light. The plant is a strong
free grower cf medium height and branch-
ing habit, producing the perfect flowers in
profusion on long stiff stems ; flowers are
good sizt — ~>l/s to 7 inches. WH1 produce
more perfect, long stem flowers than any
other variety. Roots, $2.00 each.

OCTOBER (Decorative) Autumn yellow,
suffused and tipped red. A strong vigor-
ous plant with big flowers on good stems.
Always full to the center, even up to No-
vember. Roots, $2.00 each.

RUBE GIRL (Cactus. See illustration in
our catalog) A most remarkable bronze
variety of medium size — an idea] garden
plam or cut flower variety. A stupendous
bloomer on erect stems. Color, soft yel-
low, suffused, overlaid ami tipped coral
red, giving the flower a bronzy effect, that
lights up wonderfully under artificial light.
Tin- flowers are always perfectly full at the
center. Roots, $2.00 each.

SHEBA (Decorative) A most charming
anil effective variety that is sure to be-
come a universal favorite. Color, petal tips
white; broad band of white along mid-vein
toward base, both edges cardinal — darkest
on opening petals at center. Form, fluffy,
loose, artistic, stylish. Size 5^ to 6
inches, with beautiful, high pointed, full
renter. Petals recurved, twisted and whirled.
Some half spiral edges, some in rolled
trowt'l like, other edges rolled back. Petal
line effect wavy and sinuous. Bloums
facing on perfect stems, well above fo-
liage. Roots, $2.00 each.

The above six new and dis-
tinctive dahlias (total value
$23.00), a most remarkable col-
lection, for $20.00. (Individual
varieties may be ordered at
prices quoted above.)

You Should Have These Varieties This Year

I N S U L I N D E (Hybrid Dec. ) The wonder

dahlia, with flowers 9 to 10 inches across.

Color, rich saffron yellow, shaded russet
orange. $2.00.

PATRICK O'MARA (Dec.) The gold medal
dahlia. The color is an unusually soft
and pleasing shade of orange-buff, tinged
slightly with, Neyson rose. $3.00.

BREAK 0* DAY (The sweepstake dahlia)
One of our customers won the sweepstake
with this variety. Its immense size is re-
lieved by its beautiful irregular formation
and its soft color. A delicate clear sulphur
yellow, tinting to sulphur white at the tips.
Roots $.75 each, $7.50 per dozen.

CRYSTAL (Cactus) Enormous siac, clear
shrimp pink color, beautiful form, with
long slender incurved petals. Especially
valuable for exhibition and the garden.
Boots $.50 each, $5.00 per dozen.

MRS. C. H. BRECK <H. C. ) A most ef-
fective variety for all purposes. Soft yel-
low, suffused and tipped carmine, but more
richly shaded early in the season. An early
bloomer of large size and blooming con-
tinuously until frost and keeping its size
to the last. Roots $.50 each, $5.00 per dozen.

L. KRAMER PEACOCK The best pure
white decorative for the garden and cutting.
Roots $.50 each, $5.00 per dozen.

The above six varieties a
most satisfactory collection —
(value $7.25) labeled, true to
name, for $6.50.

WRITE YOUR ORDER FROM ABOVE
OR SEND FOR OUR CATALOGUE

Peacock Dahlia Farms

Largest in the World

Berlin, New Jersey

If You Are Going to Build

(Continued jrom page 80)

now, however, there is a vogue for us-
ing pine, chestnut or walnut for bed-
rooms and leaving the woods unstained
and unpainted, either shellacked directly
on the original surface, or oiled and
shellacked, or oiled and waxed. Some-
times they are left to weather and then
waxed. The effect is quite beautiful.

And if you are investing in oak, ma-
hogany, walnut or maple, you want it
to show in the decoration of your room
just as you would want a really good
wood to show in your furniture. If
you want elaborately done woodwork,
you would be wise to consult your
architect and decorator. A woman who
wants her woodwork all Coromandel in
her lower rooms will have to look into
the matter very carefully. She may
have to send to some far off country
for it, just as she will have to if she
wants Peruvian walnut or Colima oak.
There is no substitute for real English
oak. It must come from England. And
the finest mahogany still comes from
India, Cuba and Honduras; the most
interesting Circassian walnut must be
imported from Turkey, Russia or
Persia ; for ebony you must search as
far as India and Ceylon; for white ma-
hogany, vermilion wood and tiger-wood
back to the Congo.

But these do not have to be con-
sidered seriously for the average Ameri-
can home. More and more we are us-
ing our native woods which are beau-
tiful, economical and easy to handle.
The essential thing is to have a wood
that is well seasoned before it is brought
into the house, also to have the house
well seasoned, because wood will ab-
sorb moisture from a house that is not
quite dry. Elaborate woodwork, like
the old black walnut period, is appar-
ently gone forever, and the staining of
such a beautiful wood as oak so that it
is a bright yellow is now considered an
unforgivable offence. We want to know
our woods as we know our friends. We
want wood developed so that it has its
own personality. But if we have a defi-
nite colour scheme for the house and
can only get birch and want mahogany,
birch can be made into mahogany by
the magic manufacturer of stains.

If we are to have many varied colour
schemes and "period'' rooms, from
Louis down to the Colonial, we must
consider paint. We can use some real
mahogany, of course, in a Colonial
room, but not much; just as we can use
satinwood or tulipwood with Louis
Seize furniture, but in the main we will
want a beechwood painted white or
gray.

So beautiful is wood to many people,
so fine and friendly a surrounding, that
they are not satisfied with a room un-
less it is entirely panelled in wood.
Some lovely panelled rooms were done
in the French period styles, walnut
especially was used and birch, occa-
sionally oak, and the panels were finely
and beautifully carved and sometimes
painted in natural colours. The carving
itself was so fine and lacy that it was
like the gold and silver fret work in an
old Indian temple.

Walnut and Pine

Though a very durable wood, walnut
lends itself to interesting carving. It
was used this way in the 15th Century
in France, and Chippendale and Hep-
plewhite both used it for their door
frames, doors and windows. Somejof
the finest carved woodwork in Venice
is done in walnut, and the early Romans
used walnut veneers in their finest
dwellings. An Egyptian queen, so old
that we do not remember her name, had
some very lovely walnut carvings in
her palace, undoubtedly brought out in
colours. The Vikings not only used it
for their homes and ships but for their
mast-heads. It is possible to find in

Norway old mastheads of oak that have
lasted twelve centuries, and in England
oak panels for walls, for halls and stair-
ways have been fashionable for a thou-
sand years. If you intend to panel
your house, that is your library and
dining room and hall, you can do it
with eak or redwood, walnut or chest-
nut and have something very durable,,
and fine and beautiful.

Quite recently a New York merchant
brought to this country the old Hogarth
house, the walls of which were sealed
in "deal" wood, which is really pine,
and the highly polished surface carried
almost a design of knots which actually
formed an interesting decoration. This,
wood weathers beautifully and keeps a
certain satiny yellow surface that makes
a fine background for interesting furni-
ture. A room sealed in pine left to
weather its own way would be very
charming indeed with delicate curtains
and furniture. There has been very lit-
tle of it used in this way since the time
of the Adam brothers and their imita-
tors in America and yet white pine,.
sand papered and well finished, left to-
weather, or oiled and polished or waxed
makes an exquisite wall for a Colonial
room, a Dutch room or a modern Eng-
lish room done in chintz.

The woodwork which we put in the
average house after the floors have been
laid and the plastered walls have been
completed is on a much smaller scale
than this. It is a question of doors and
door frames, baseboards, windows, and,
of course, stairways.

There are practically hundreds of
catalogues on the painting of wood-
work, on the staining of it, on the plac-
ing of it and all these things your archi-
tect and builder will also take up for
you.

Plan in Time

Don't wait until the construction of
your house is over to decide how you
will finish your home. Take it up when
plans and specifications are on deck and
at the same time plan your furniture
and draperies if it is possible. Go over
them all in your own mind. Having
worked out your colour schemes and
the effects you want in each room, have
a little talk with your architect or your
builder and tell him that your rooms
are going to be oak downstairs and
enamel white upstairs or that they are
going to be partly done in walnut or
that you have decided upon chestnut as
a reasonable and durable wood; tell
him about your floors, the type and
style that you are going to have.

All this you can plan out just as well
while your house is still on paper. Some
women who are particularly interested
in having a fine sense of harmony
throughout their homes have a port-
folio, with a sheet for each room. On
this sheet are set down the woodwork,
floors, walls, windows, doors, furniture
and drapery. They are worked out in
colour, rather sketchily to be sure, but
sufficiently to show if the house from
room to room is going to harmonize,
if it is going to be interesting and prac-
tical and not too expensive. This is
really the way some of the finest dec-
orators plan the inside of a home, and
it is the only way that will not be
unsatisfactory in the long run. Some
decorators not only make a general
chart for each room but they make a
secondary chart for windows and doors,
and pieces of furniture and prices. From
these charts you buy your materials,
your curtains and draperies, and you
know before your house is started
something of how it is going to look
and about how much it is going to cost.
You know where you have to economize
and where you can expand financially.
If you have fine pieces of furniture, you
know where to use them.

April, 1922

MAKE YOUR GARDEN
GAY WITH PHLOX

There is a never failing charm in a garden bedecked
with Phlox. Calling back from bygone days haunt-
ing memories of long forgotten gardens, the restful
appeal of these fresh, gay plants leads us down a
picturesque vista to the past. No garden is quite
complete without its shower of Phlox.

Order Your Plants Today

119

Now is the time to order your supply.
The Elliott Nursery Company is one
of the oldest and most responsible
plant, seed and shrub houses in the
country. For thirty years it has been
adding to the beauty and charm of
homes and gardens in all parts of
the land through the high quality
and excellence of its offerings. You
can absolutely rely on us to fill your
order with the finest grade plants to
be obtained. When you deal with
this house you deal with an organ-
ization of experienced nurserymen
with a nation-wide reputation for
honesty and skill. Select from the list in the right hand column
the various types of Phlox you desire and mail us your order today.

A Catalogue You Should Have At Once

For the success of your garden and for your own personal
satisfaction you should also send for our free catalogue of
hardy plants, trees and shrubs. This carefully edited and
well illustrated book is a delight in itself. For those inter-
ested in gardens and gardening it is a fascinating source
of information and suggestion. Mail us the coupon today
and we shall take pleasure in sending you the catalogue
by return mail.

Make Use Of The Coupon

If you are in search of some piece of definite information
regarding your garden we should be glad to supply you
with it. Do not hesitate to ask us questions. Make use of
the coupon now while the season is young and let us be
of assistance to you.

ELLIOTT NURSERY CO.

512 Magee Bldg. Pittsburgh, Pa.

Phlox

Phlox range in color from pure white through the pinks
to dark red and crimson with an occasional lilac variety.
They range in height from three to four feet and bloom
from June to August.

Athis Very tall; fine salmon.

Albion Large panicles of pure white flowers with faint

aniline red eye.
Baron von Dedem Brilliant cochineal red with salmon shading;

rich color.

Champs Ely sees Very bright, rich purplish crimson.

Eclarieur Bright purplish rose, light center; enormous

flowers.

Frau Buchner Delicate shade of mauve; crimson carmine eye.

Frau Antoine fiuc/merThe finest white yet introduced ; largest truss

and individual flower.

Independence Fine vigorous white.

Mrs. Jenkins White immense panicles.

Miss Lingard The best phlox in cultivation. It produces im-
mense heads of beautiful white flowers in June

and blooms again in September and October.

Splendid foliage and habit, and free from

attacks of red spider.
Obergartner Wiltig _. Light rose center red eye.

Prof. Schlieman Salmon rose with carmine eye.

Rheinlander A pleasing salmon pink with flowers of very

large size ($3.00 per doz.; $20.00 per 100).
Rynstrom A splendid improvement on Pantheon; color not

unlike that of Paul Ney ron rose. Fine for massing,
Riverton Jewell Lovely mauve rose illuminated by carmine red

eye; large flowers.
Seiboldi Ora nge scarlet ; very brilliant ; good habit; a great

improvement on the old variety Coquelicot.
Widar Bright reddish violet with large white center.

Field grown plants $2.50 per dozen; $15.00 per 100
except where noted.

ELLIOTT NURSERY CO., 512 Magee Bldg., Pittsburgh, Pa.

Kindly send me your free catalogue of hardy plants, trees
and shrubs.

Name __________________________________________________

Street and Number or R. D. ______________________ . __________

City _________________________ ................ . ......... _____

State _

120

House & Garden

Wren House

Wrens live upon the grass-
hoppers, beetles, caterpillars,
bugs and spiders in your
garden. One pair has been
known to devour six hundred
insects in a day.

Solid oak, cypress shingles,
copper coping, with four com-
partments, 28 inches high.
Price $6.00

Oodson

Bird /
Houses

Sheltered Feeding Table
The early birds often need a
little help in finding food, be-
cause of the late frosts. These
feeding tables will attract the
early birds, to stay all summer.
Operating automatically like
a weather vane, a/ways a
shelter against the wind, with
8-fi. pole. Price $7.50.

It has taken me years of loving study to perfect these b:^J
houses. They are correct in every detail—will last for
years and will attract the birds for whom they were made.

V^^^X^ President, American Audubon Association

3*1

Purple Martin House
Wonderfully musical and
clear, the martin song is al-
ways a delight. But most of
all the martin is beloved for
its service of ridding premises
of mosquito colonies.

Cottage style, twenty-eight
compartments. Price $16.00.
Other styles up to $78.00.

The tonic of pure, fresh melody

Wake on an April morning to the song of the birds! You may smile
knowing that all day long they will protect your trees and shrubs and
garden from ruinous insects. Will eat thousands of flys, gnats and mos-
quitos. Singing merrily at their work! That's what Mr. Dodson would
give to you through his bird houses. He can help you with his sincere
interest as he is helping hundreds of others in making their homes more
delightful.

JOSEPH H. DODSON

731 HARRISON AVENUE

KANKAKEE, ILLINOIS

Dodson Sparrow Trap is guaranteed to rid your premises of this noisy, quarrelsome pest, $8.00

FREE

You will find much ofinter~
est in Mr.Dodson's fascinating
booklet, "Your Bird Friends
and How to Win Them. "
There are many styles of bird
houses. Mr. Dodson wins for
you different birds with each.
A booklet thru 'which to browse
with pleasure.

A AR D

OE S

BLOOM

or your money back

YOU can revel in your own glori-
ous roses from June till frost if
you order Conard Star Roses
now. Large, fragrant, exquisite
blooms — aristocrats of the flower
world — to glorify your garden.

Every Conard Star Rose is of so high
an innate quality that we can safely
guarantee it to bloom or your money
back. Clear, concise cultural direc-
tions, included with every shipment,
assure your success.
Right now is the time to be planning your
rose garden. Our beautifully illustrated
catalog of nearly 200 kinds will help you.
Send for it. It's free.

ONARD •¥• ROSES

'k JONES CO., BOX 126, WEST GROVE, PA.

Robert 1'yle, Pris. A. Wintzer, Vwi-Prcs.

Rose Specialists — Backed by over 50 years' experience

.PREMIER.
.ROSE,

This celluloid Star tag labels your
growing rose and is the sign of our
guarantee — two exclusive Conard &
Jones features.

PULVERIZED

Sheep Manure

That's what genuine Sheep Manure puts
into your lawns and gardens. It supplies
the HUMUS and plant food that makes soil rich and
fertile, producing wonderful colors and luxuriant foli-
age. A convenient concentrated WAGOX LOAD OF
MANURE IN A WIZARD BAG. Sterilized— weed
seed killed — unequaled for grass, flowers, shrubbery,
berries, fruit and all vegetables.

Insist on WIZARD to be sure of genuine Sheep
Manure. Ask your seedsman or write today for book-
let and prices.

Don't plant without Wizard Brand

THE PULVERIZED

25 UNION STOCK YARDS

MANURE CO.

CHICAGO, ILL.

April, 1922

121

The Pursuit of Happiness — How to Find It

Isn't it so that mostly we search for
mostly right at hand.

the things that are

We travel miles for the joys of an unending summer, when
we could have it in our very yard by taking a few steps,
if we had a greenhouse.

We could save the summer's flowers by bringing them in-

side. We could stretch out the joys of gardening all through
the long winter months, making every day a glad day.

"Fantastical, imaginative" you say.

But hold — is it? Send for booklet, entitled: "Three and
One More Glass Gardens." and see if the real facts don't
bear out our seeming flights.

ford,** JWnhamCo.

Builders of Greenhouses and Conservatories.
NEW YORK PHILADELPHIA CHICAGO BOSTON

42nd St. Bldg. Land Title Bldg. Cent. Bk. Bldg. II Little Bldg.

Opening furrow for seed

Cultivating

Have a Planet Jr. garden

Planet Jr. No. 17 Wheel Hoe does most of the necessary
garden work, from planting time to frost. You'll be de-
lighted at how smoothly it runs, how effectively it weeds —
and how much ordinarily tiresome work you can do without
a sign of fatigue. Planet Jr. makes gardening a fascinating
game. And it docs so improve the appearance of the garden,
the quality and quantity of your vegetables.

Planet Jr.

Other popular Planet Jr. seeder and wheel hoe models
are shi^n in the Planet Jr. catalog. Write for a
copy.

S. L Allen & Co., Inc.

Dept. 34
5th & Glenwood Ave., Philadelphia

Kunderd's Marvelous
New Ruffled Gladioli

are so different and superior
that you will miss some-
thing big if you do not have
a nice collection of them in
your garden the coming
summer. My 56-page cat-
alogue describes nearly 400
varieties (by far the finest
collection in the world).
Illustrates 19 varieties in
natural colors and many
more in halftone. It is the
most beautiful,
useful and instruc-
tive catalogue of
Gladioli ever
issued. Send for a
free copy which I
will promptly send
you.

A. E. KUNDERD

The Originator of the Ruffled Gladiolus
Box 2, Goshen, Indiana, U. S. A.

122

House & Garden

ebar

: I

Known The World Over as

"Bulbs That Bloom"

A strong claim, to be sure, but one that we can
prove! Tracy Gladioli have brought gladness to
hearts of garden lovers in far away Japan, Russia,
in Africa and Australia. In America the name
Tracy has stood for the utmost in Gladiolus
reliability for over a quarter century!

Some of the New
Varieties You'll Value

WHITE WONDER, Pure White,

$15.00 per dozen.

PINK WONDER, (Kemp)

Pure Pink, $15.0(1 per dozen.

CRIMSON GLOW, (Betscher)

Deep Scarlet, $5.00 per dozen.

DAYBREAK, (Tracy) Salmon

Pink, $3.00 per dozen.

DAWN, (Tracy) Coral Pink,

$2.00 per dozen.

New Orchid -Flowering
Primulinus Hybrids

will appeal particularly to
those in search of delicate
colors and dainty forms. For
over thirty years the founder
of this business has worked
on the development of the
Gladiolus race. Tracy Hy-
brids in this class equal
the choicest obtainable any-
where!

We shall send collection
of 25 bulbs for $f.25,
postpaid. 1 00 for
$5.00, express prepaid.

Any one of the collection
worthy of a name.

If you love flowers you'll
love the Primulinus Hybrids

And Tracy Dahlias,
Too

We champion the Dahlia as
a garden flower, rather than
an object for exhibition. The
old proven stand-bys with

the newer free-flowering kinds in all classes make up
our collection.

Please afford our free catalogue an opportunity to ac-
quaint you with all we offer.

B. HAMMOND TRACY, Inc., Box 3, Wenham, Mass.

IIPO Hill ' :

Building the Double Border

(Continued from page 102)

beds but all between the stones in the
path as well. Another spring will find
asters, gaillardias, bellflowers, pyre-
thrums following suit. A few can
doubtless be left to advantage, but the
great majority must be removed, and
nearly all those in the walk, for I
count on mosses and lichens and only
the very tiniest flowering plants for that
position.

It is only the idea of the double
border, an old but neglected garden
form, that I am recommending, not so
much my own individual rendering of
it. Given the requisite setting and a
degree of thought in its arrangement, it
invariably proves a most delightful gar-
den feature.

The material of the walk will differ
with the environment and according to
what is available. Here in a stony re-

gion, where old walls abound, the stone
paving seemed not only appropriate but
the most feasible solution. Bricks
would do equally well, and if the walk
were to be built in close proximity to
a brick house might be much better.
Cinders with brick or cement curbing
or even a cement walk might seem best.
Personally I do not like a grass path
equally well here, possibly because I
prefer the beds to be somewhat higher
than the walk and with grass this
would be less effective and harder to
manage.

As to the plants for the beds all good
perennials are to be recommended.
Every gardener knows or should know
what will grow in his locality and soil.
Besides, each flower lover has his fa-
vorites and should by all means make
his own lists.

Care of the Household Equipment

(Continued from page 92)

member in the case of the electrical
ironer that heat is hot and that if you
leave a piece of goods on the roll and
the motor isn't going you will burn
your article.

These things are cleaned with warm
water and polished and dusted in ac-
cordance with the ordinary metal needs.
There is little to say about their upkeep
except what has been said about other
devices. Follow the directions of the
makers ; they know the exigencies of
their offspring.

Soft cloths and warm water are best
for cleaning white wood enamel. Soaps
yellow the enamel, so a few drops of
ammonia added to a pail of water will
help banish grease.

Warm water and soap or soda and
warm water will clean off marble tops.

In the long life-assurance of metals
generally, it must be born in mind that
in order to keep them clean and bright
things must be used that will not
scratch, corrode or roughen — or at least
do as little of these things as possible.
In the case of silver cleaning the alu-
minum pan method is best because there

is less corrosion and less roughening.

Rubbing with soft chamois and cloths
after cleaning will give the metal the
polish it often needs. Buffing and the
use of pumice powders and pastes help
along the better finishes. But these
things all must be done in moderation
to preserve the life of these metals. The
more precious gold or silver must be
treated of course with great care. Chem-
icals are dangerous and the best acids
are lemon and those things which can-
not poison. Many combinations are
poisonous and must be used with dis-
cretion and the article well washed
before using.

Were the space allotted for this story
greater we could take up many more
things, but space being the rarest of
commodities we shall have to end with
one last admonition:

When your devices do not work, as
guaranteed, first look to yourself or
assistant and see what is wrong. Then
if you find you can absolve yourself
from the great transgression — careless-
ness or ignorance — it will be time enough
to attack the dealer and get redress.

THE WORLD'S PROGRESS IN ROSES

EACH year the members of the
American Rose Society increasingly
control the contents of the volume
of rose lore which has come to be ac-
cepted as the last word in progress and
prospect on its fascinating subject. The
Editor in 1921 conducted both a spring
and a fall referendum among the coun-
try-wide membership, and from the
questions asked and answered he has
planned and completed the American
Rose Annual for 1922. The claim that
this compact, beautiful and effective
book of the rose is up-to-date therefore
rests on a foundation of fact.

More extended discussions of the small
rose-gardens are included in two bright
articles and many "rose notes." The
prosperity and protection of the rose
are taken up in detail, the first in two
papers on soils and fertilization, both
by rose-loving scientists, and the second
in by far the most complete discussion
ever published on rose diseases and rose
insects. No reader of this volume who
will follow its simple suggestions need
submit to either the mildew or the
dreaded "black-spot" that removes the
leaves of his pet bushes, or endure any
of the insects that hunt the rose.

Captain Thomas, who is both critical
amateur and careful hybridizer, and
who has for more than ten years tested
every rose produced anywhere in the
world, gives his large experience with
both budded and own-root roses, and
an enthusiast in Ohio adds some per-
sonal experiences with both. Rose pro-

duction, north and south, east and west
in America, and in the hybridizing
centers of England, Germany and
France, is the basis of five articles and
a complete list. In addition, all the
new "gold-medal" roses are described
by Courtney Page, secretary of the
older great world organization, the Na-
tional Rose Society of England.

A novel story is told under the title
of "Richmond Children's Rose Fair,"
and there are two articles on the de-
tailed handling of small rose shows,
which the Editor seeks to promote.
"A community Flower Show in Kansas
City" tells of a new scheme for rose
enjoyment.

Ideals sought in new roses are set
forth in some ten or more statements
by the critical amateur and professional
rosarians of the nation. There is an
account of the work of the recently de-
ceased Dr. W. Van Fleet, a hybridizer
of roses, blight-proof chestnuts, straw-
berries, etc., whose results are of far
more value than any reached by Luther
Burbank. Details are given of a novel
contract arranged by the American Rose
Society with the Federal Department of
Agriculture for the wide distribution of
some marvelous new roses of Van Fleet
origination, in which enter the wonder-
ful Chinese native sorts never before
worked with by any hybridizer.

Many more articles and items on rose
progress are in this volume, which gives
the point of view not only of the am-
(Continued on page 126)

April, 1922

123

PLANT EVERGREENS THIS <
SPRING!

Read this LITTLE TREE FARMS Friendship Offer

From "The Birthplace of Little Trees That Live"-
comes a very unusual offer of six choice evergreens for
only ten dollars. Would not a really choice collection of
evergreens add value and beauty to your home grounds?
Here, then, is the way to get them planted this spring.

r YOUR ORDER WITH Sio.oo WILL HRING

One Blue Spruce
One Arbor Vitae
One Prostrate Juniper
One Erect Juniper
One White Spruce
One Red Pine

These little trees have been three times
transplanted. They are from i'-i to 4
feet high. Each packed with a ball of
burlap-tied earth properly crated. The
total shipping weight is about 150 Ibs.
Delivered to the express at Framingham,
Mass., upon receipt of your remittance
of $10. Send for the 44-page "Book ol
the Little Tree Farms."

LITTLE TREE FARMS

American Forestry Company

Dept. K-4 419 Boylston Street

Boston, Mass.

"The Birthplace of Little Trees That Live."

A Garden Full
-jrf^f Dahlias

Send for Your Copy

Everyone interested in lawn maintenance should send for a
free copy of this handsome new Moto-Mower book. It will
show you how you can keep lawns in condition with only one-
fifth of the cutting time and cost required for hand mowing.

It describes our remarkable 24-inch, lightweight model, now
reduced to only $175. Also the larger 27-inch model, reduced
to $210.

Extremely simple, durable, and easily operated. Thousands in
use in parks, cemeteries, clubs, institutions, and by private
estate owners.

Scud for copy of the Moto-Moivcr book today.

THE MOTO-MOWER COMPANY

3242 E. Woodbridge Street, Detroit, Mich.

New and Rare
Exhibition Dahlias

Few flowers, whether used
for garden decoration or prin-
cipally for cut blooms to dec-
orate the home, are as responsive to simple garden culture
as our Modern Dahlia. It has made wonderful advancement in size
and bloom, habit of growth and profuse blooming qualities.

In order to further its now great popularity, we are offering this
collection of

12 Dahlia Tubers for $3.50

— one each of 12 distinct varieties, not labelled, which if purchased
separately according to name would cost not less than $ 10.00.

Order Your Tubers Now so as to have them ready to plant any
time after the tenth of May or when all danger of frost is past.

Mail this advertisement, or present at our store, with check, money
order, cash or stamps, and secure this exceptional collection, sent pre-
paid to any point in the United States.

f\ Our 1922 Spring Seed Annual sent on request.

30-32 Barclay St.,

H. G.

New York City

124

House & Garden

Choice Hybrid

TEA ROSES

Strong
Plants
$11.50

HpHERE are Rose plants and Rose
-•- plants. These are Roses. Better
varieties, that are sure to please.

Betty, coppery rose, shadowed yellow.

Columbia, pink.

Dean Hole, silvery carmine, shaded yellow.

George G. Wand, orange, vermillion.

H. V. Machin, scarlet, crimson.

Killarney, white.

Lady Alice Stanley, deep coral rose.

La Tosca, silvery pink.

Mmc. Leon Pain, Salmon pink.

Mrs. Ambrose Kicardo, a beautiful yellow.

Mrs. Wakefield Christie Miller, blush rose.

Ophelia, light pink, shading to yellow.

Pharisacr, silver salmon.

Red Radiance, deep red.

Hardy Perennials suitable for

Beds, Borders or Cut Flowers

36 Strong Plants $7.50

3 Plants of each of the following :

Achillea, The Pearl, white.

Anemone Japonica Mont Rose, pink.

Aster, Climax, mauve.

Boltonia latisquama, lavender, pink.

Delphinium belladonna, blue.

Helcnium autumnale, yellow.

Incarvillea Delavayi, rosy purple.

Phlox, von Lassburg, white.

Physostegia virginiana, pink.

Pyrethum roseum hybridum, pink and white.

Stokesia cyanea, blue.

Veronica longifolia subsessilis, blue.

The Durable and Picturesque Qualities of Brick

(Continued from page 68)

Choice Gladioli
50 First Size Bulbs

.25

Ten bulbs each of the following fine varieties : Amer-
ica, beautiful, flesh pink; Halley, delicate, salmon-pink :
Schwaben, citron yellow with carmine blotch ; Peace,
large white flowers ; Empress of India, rich dark red.

Plants for every requirement.
Estimates and Planting Lists supplied.

Huller - Sealey Co. inc.

145 WEST 45' ST.

NEW YORK

and churches and guild halls in France
in the heyday of the Renaissance. And
the finest houses and churches in Eng-
land in Queen Elizabeth's time were
also of brick. In our Colonial days we
respected brick very much indeed, as
we did stone. Some of our most beau-
tiful Dutch Colonial and Georgian
houses are of brick, painted and un-
painted.

Within the last ten or fifteen years,
we have commenced to see brick again
as our ancestors did — a building mate-
rial for homes that are to be inherited.
And although the initial cost of a brick
house is higher than that of wood, in a
few years the cost is brought down by
the absence of repairs. With the in-
creased interest and demand for brick,
manufacturers are wisely enlarging the
scope of its usefulness and beauty, and
in addition to the making of walls,
brick is used for floors, fireplaces, gar-
den walls and walks, pergolas, fountains,
and for the interior finish of rooms in
public buildings and offices.

The aristocrat lineage of brick has not
been properly appreciated. We have
been accustomed to think of bricks as
just made of mud, pressed and burned;
but the material most desired for brick-
making is an argillaceous clay which
has gone through the refining process
of geologic ages. It is practically a
hydrated silicate of aluminum with
sundry intermingled impurities, the dis-
integrated fragments from felspathic
rocks torn away from their original
haunts by centuries of wind, -rain and
flood, deposited at different levels and
distances, and becoming in time, the
sediment of rivers, lakes and ocean bed.
Naturally during this long and trou-
blous career, clay has been subjected to
(iisplacement, pressure, fierce heat and
bitter cold, has practically gone through
more vicisitudes than could ever face
it in its more refined existence as a
building material.

There are three phases of the life of
a brick that are particularly interest-
ing to people who are planning to build
brick homes: — the process of making,
the variation of texture and colour, the
different kinds of bonds and mor-
tars and the development of patterns.
And, in the main, there are three kinds
of clay most utilized for the manufac-
ture of brick: "surface clays," of which
the commoner type of brick are made;
"shales," which immense pressure can
reduce to nearly the form of slate, and
"fire clays" found at deeper levels and
known for .their refractory qualities.
Under the magic of flame, these differ-
ent kinds of clay become hard and
durable, as lasting as stone or granite.
According to the nature of the clay and
the kind of product to be produced it
is subjected to a heat from 1500° to
2200° Fahrenheit. This burning of
brick is not at all a simple matter. I]t
requires great skill and experience, as in
the process of burning impurities in clay
may be burned out or transformed into
beautiful colour effects.

Three Methods of Manufacture

As there are three kinds of clay most
used, so also are there three methods of
manufacture most employed today: the
"slop-mould," the "wire-cut," and the
"dry press." One of the best brick-
makers in this country has given the
following technical description of a
practical method of producing brick by
these three methods: "The first method
is to press clay by machines into moulds
which have been flushed with water —
hence the term 'slop-mould' — or
sprinkled with sand, in which case the
brick are called 'sand-mould.' Second,
the clay or shale is ground and tempered
into the consistency of a stiff mud

which is forced by an auger machine
through a die, in the form of a stiff
mud ribbon, having the cross section of
a brick. This stiff mud ribbon is car-
ried by a belt to a steel table under a
series of piano wires strung on a frame
which is revolved by the machine at
proper intervals, cutting the clay rib-
bon into the desired sizes. The 'dry
press' method reduces the clay to a
fine granular form which is then in
nearly a dry condition forced, under
immense pressure, into the proper sized
moulds. The brick as they come from
the machines are known as 'green' and
require, except in the case of the best
'dry press' brick, a certain period of
drying before being set in the kilns
where, for from five to ten days, de-
pending on the quality of the ware and
the general conditions, they are sub-
jected to a process of burning."

With scientific knowledge, experience,
and inventiveness, the modern brick
manufacturers have achieved an im-
mense variety of colours and textures.
Not only are bricks produced in every
known colour and tint, but in fasci-
nating polychrome blendings, and with
textures ranging from a smooth enam-
eled surface to the rough, worn quality
of a cathedral in the Middle Ages. As
for colour you can start with a pale
ivory tone, suited to a Georgian house
and work your way down to orange,
red, purple to dead black and then all
the beauties of these various tones can
be combined in different bonds and
elaborated into decorative patterns.
There is simply no end to the beauty
that can be gained from modern brick
construction through colours, patterns,
texture and the quality of mortar with
which the brick is combined. In other
words, the beauty and success of a
brick house do not end with the
selecting of the right kind of brick.

Laying-Up

The matter of laying-up brick is im-
mensely significant and one that really
requires a great deal of study and gen-
uine knowledge. You must have the
bond that will give strength to your
house, it must be so laid that the pat-
tern is interesting. And the joint must
be suited to the bond, the pattern and
the durability of your house. If you are
going to build a brick house, you will
find the detail drawings accompanying
this article to be of inestimable value.
Bonds refer primarily to the arrange-
ment of the stretchers and headers as
they overlap from course to course and
the development of patterns suited to
various kinds of brick, and are also
properly held responsible for the
strength of the structure.

The use of patterns in brick walls is
not a new idea. It was employed in a
most elaborate fashion by the early
Moorish and Spanish architects, also in
Tudor architecture in England and in
some of the French brick houses. In
fact, it is probably less used today than
some centuries ago, as it takes expert
builders and adds not a little to the
expense.

Almost as essential as a study of
stretchers and bonds is a knowledge of
mortar which is more or less neces-
sary in the laying-up of brick. We say
"more or less" because it is possible to
lay up brick, as it is stone, without
mortar. In their masonry construction,
the Greeks frequently erected marble
walls by rubbing the blocks together
after applying sand and water to the
joints. The small size of brick used
today, however, renders the weight to
a unit insufficient for this kind of con-
struction. And mortar is used, not only
to make a bed for the brick, which will
absorb the irregularities of surface, but,
(Continued on page 126)

April, 1922

12S

New American Rose
for 1922

"The Angelas"

We have been looking for a good white
Rose for many years. It has at last been
introduced — white, with a cream tinted
center.

Angelus is ideal in every way — color,
form, fragrance, and growing habit. It
is a very prolific producer. The center
of the flower is high pointed and, as the
bud opens, the outer petals curve back
and this, with the high center, gives a
charming effect. Its clean heavy foliage
is in effective contrast with the creamy
white buds.

Two year old dormant plants ; April de-
livery $2.50 plant ; $25.00 a dozen. Potted
stock ; May and June delivery at the same
price.

This is only one of the 75 varieties of
newer roses we catalogue this year.

Glad to send you our catalog
if you write for it.

Charles H. Totty Company

MADISON NEW JERSEY

BIRD BATHS

FOUNTAINS

SUN DIALS

VASES

JARS

GAZING GLOBES

BENCHES

FLOWER POTS

BOXES, ETC.

OlTERY

Gives the Essential Touch to a Garden

A Bird Bath makes a delightful spot of interest, a Sun Dial adds

quaintness while Jars and Vases form charming contrasts against

the colorful backgrounds.

Many attractive designs are executed in our light stony gray, high

fired, frost proof TERRA COTTA. Red, buff and other colors will

be made.

Our catalogue illustrating 300 numbers will be sent upon receipt of

20c in stamps.

Galloway Terra Cotta Company 3218 Walnut Street

Established 1810

Philadelphia

IV e grow Nursery Stock to suit
every requirement

W.H.WYMAN

126

House Gr Garden

"A Hundred Forms and a Thousand Colors"

THIS summer will you be looking for a
bouquet of a certain color to harmonize
with that corner of your dining-room? Will
you want flowers of a particular shape and
form to give just that desired artistic effect on
your hall table? Do you want to step into
your own flower garden and select just the
color and shape you are looking for? Then
try either or both of these

Two "Sure to Bloom" Collections
For $1.00

Frank A. Walker, lavender-pink Decorative
Robert Broomfield, pure white Show
Libelle, purple Cactus
Rose-pink Century, pink Single
Vivian, white and rose Show

For $2.00

Madonna, white Decorative
W. B. Childs, purple maroon Cactus
Mina Burgle, scarlet Decorative
Maude Adams, pink nnd white Show
Zeppelin, lavender Peony-flowered

Tubers prepaid
My Catalog and Cultural Guide

is a book of 64 pages, fully illustrated, a book you will be
glad to get and glad to keep, giving complete descriptions of
the best Dahlias and full instructions as to the planting, care
and handling of the tubers. It will be a pleasure to mail you a
copy on request.

J. K. ALEXANDER

The World's Largest Dahlia Grower

425-435 Central Street

East Bridgewater

Mat*.

"The Dahlia King"

The Durable and Picturesque Qualities of Brick

(Continued from page 124)

as it hardens, with the bonding mate-
rial, eventually to form a monolythic
construction. To accomplish this it
must be sound, well tempered and well
mixed, neither too thin nor too thick,
too stiff nor too soft. In many cities
it is the prerogative of the Bureau of
Buildings to dictate the legal composi-
tion of mortar.

Generally speaking mortar is com-
posed of cement and sand, or lime and
sand, or cement mortar or lime mortar.
For a wide joint, fine gravel, ground
granite or crushed brick is used wholly
or in part in place of the sand. For a
white joint coarsely ground marble or
sand stone may be used. In all cases
the materials must be of the best so
that the mortar can pass the tests set
forth by the American Society of Test-
ing Materials.

It goes without saying that the most
interesting brick patterns may be en-
tirely lost sight of by mortar badly
selected and finished. One good rule
is to have the texture harmonize with
the surface of the brick; for instance, a
rough textured brick would have a
rough surface of mortar. Some of the
very best architects in the country be-
lieve that the rough textured brick
should always have a "raked-out" joint
and yet some very beautiful houses have
been built with the rough surface brick
and "rough-cut flush" joint.

Worth remembering is a very funda-
mental division in the use of mortar, —
the "raked-out" joint and the "rough-
cut flush" joint. The "raked-out" joint
is obtained by cutting back the partly
set mortar from the face of the brick-
work with the end (not the head) of a
20-penny (or larger) cut nail, the sharp
edges of which will thoroughly clean
the mortar from the arrises of the brick
and leave the surface of the joint flat
and rough. The depth of the rake
should be from W to J^", depending
upon the amount of "shadow effect"
desired. The point of a trowel or a
rounded tool of any kind should never
be employed for this purpose, as it tends
to rub the mortar into the rough edges
of the brick, giving a very untidy effect.

The "rough-cut flush" joint is made
by allowing the mortar to ooze out be-
yond the surface of the brick and then
cutting the surplus with a quick stroke
of the trowel, just after the mortar be-

gins to set. Great care should be taken
in doing this work not to smooth the
surface of the mortar. Besides these two
fundamental divisions there are many
variations both in "raked-out" and
"flush" joints.

Mortar also plays an ornamental part
in the construction of a brick wall.
After selecting the type of brick you
are going to use and the bond that
seems most interesting, then study with
your builder the mortar that is satis-
factory and in harmony, not forgetting
to make a very careful study indeed of
colour for the mortar. You must not
only select colour that will be inter-
esting with the brick and that will not
interfere with the bond pattern, but
you must be careful to get a tone that
will not be affected by the lime or ce-
ment in the mortar. The right colour,
texture and quality of mortar will add
greatly to the beauty of your brick
house or the reverse might quite des-
troy it.

Since the construction of the solid
brick gate of Ishta in Babylon and the
Great Wall that surrounds China, brick
building has become a varied and intri-
cate study. In those early days there
was no question of building except for
beauty and durability. The cozy in-
side of the house did not have to be
considered; but today the architect,
builder and brickmaker form a trio
that is expected to make possible the
house that is picturesque and perma-
nent, weatherproof and waterproof, in-
sect and damp proof. With the in-
creased interest in scientific brick-mak-
ing, we hear of many ways of accom-
plishing this miracle — the veneer of
brick over hollow tile blocks, the fur-
ring of a solid brick wall to hold the
inside plaster away so that no damp-
ness can pass from the outside wall to
the living room. Again there is a
method of brick construction in which
the stretchers are laid up so that an air
chamber is formed in the actual pro-
cess of construction. This is said to
do away entirely with need of furring
the walls and to enable the plaster to
be placed directly on the brick. Yet
the ultra-careful builder would always
use some damp-proof material before
finishing the inner walls no matter how
wisely and well the outer brick struc-
ture has been laid up.

The World's Progress in Roses

(Continued from page 122)

ateur but of the professional. A story
of a rose failure, almost dramatic in its
quality, is illustrated with a lovely
color-plate, which serves to show that
commercial ideals for roses in America
are far higher than in Europe. Another
color-plate shows the exquisite new rose,
Mrs. George C. Thomas, which won two
gold medals at the Portland test-gar-
den, where are tried out not merely the
roses of Oregon but of all the world.
There are also sixteen sepia plates of
rose subjects, each recording an advance
of some sort.

More than a hundred rose-lovers all
over the world have done their best to
make this 1922 American Rose Annual
what it is — a readable, accurate, com-
prehensive record of rose progress, nec-
essary to every man or woman who
wants to keep up with the queen of
flowers and help bring it to even great-
er popularity.

The American Rose Annual is mailed
without extra charge to all members of
the American Rose Society. It is not
purchasable in bookstores.

J. HORACE MCFARLAND.

Reviving the Spirit of William Morris

(Continued from page 43)

masonry of the cathedrals, the stained
glass, and particularly in the Flemish
and French tapestries of the 12th and
13th Centuries which formed the basis
of Morris' inspiration.

Now that more than a quarter of a
century has passed since his death the
outlines of his vigorous, picturesque
personality have become blurred, and
we have only the spirit of his work to
lead the more humble seekers for beauty
in the home to something definite in
line and colour to which they can react.

The illustration shows three char-
acteristic patterns for wall paper or
printed cotton for which Morris cut the
blocks himself. The first is the famous
daisy pattern, one of his early docu-
ments, which is so easily traceable to
the mille-fleurs pattern common in the
Gothic tapestries. The second is the
pomegranate, whose chief characteristic
is the oblique stem, and is useful on a
wall to take away the effect of too much
repose and stiffness. The third, "Au-
(Continued on page 128)

April, 1922

THE DREER DOZEN

Hardy Everblooming Hybrid-Tea Roses

THIS collection of well tried standard varieties is known to every Rose
fancier as a most satisfactory selection of varieties, either for garden
decoration or to supply an abundance of extra choice flowers to cut
throughout the summer and fall months. All are extra strong, two-year-
old plants, prepared to give immediate results.

CAROLINE TESTOUT— This is the Rose that has
given Portland, Oregon, the name "The Rose City,"
It will be found equally valuable in any garden. A
large, full globular flower of a bright satiny-rose, very
free and fragrant

DUCHESS OF WELLINGTON— Intense saffron-
yellow, stained with deep crimson, fairly full flowers
and particularly beautiful lit bud form. Delightfully
fragrant.

HOOS1ER BEAUTY— Beautiful, well-shaped long
bwls and large full flowers of an intense, rich, daz-
zling crimson-scarlet. Very sweet scented.

JONKHEER J. L. MOCK— Very free on long stiff
stems. I>arge size and of perfect form. Deep im-
perial pink, the outside of the petals silvery rose-
white.

KAISERIN AUGUSTA VICTORIA — Splendidly
formed flower? and buds on long stems. Soft pearly -
white with just enough h-nion in the center to relieve
the white. Very fragrant.

KILLARNEY BRILLIANT— An improvement 0:1
KiHarney, being larger and more double, also more
intense in color, which is a rich glowing shade of
rosy-carmine; fragrant.

LADY ALICE STANLEY— A cetn ami greatly ad-
mired by everyone. Perfect in form, color, size,
freedom of bloom and fragrance. Color a beautiful
shade of coral-rose, center shading to flesh-pink witli
deeper flushes.

LADY URSULA — Of vigorous erect growth, a re-
markably healthy grower under all conditions.

HYBRID-TEA ROSE Los ANGELES

Flowers large and of good form, with high center
produced on every shoot. Color a distinct shade of
ilesh-piiut; tea scented.

LOS ANGELES— This is by all odds one of the
finest Roses ever introduced. The growth Is very
vigorous and ft produces a continuous succession of
long-stemmed flowers, of a luminous flame -pink,
toned with coral and shaded with translucent gold
at the base of the. petals. In richness of fragrance
it equals in Intensity the finest Marechal Neil. The
huds are long and pointed and expand into a flower
of in ;mi moth proportions, while the beauty of form
and ever-Increasing wealth of color is maintained
from the incipient bud until the last petal drops.
$1.50 each.

MME. EDOURD H ERRIOT— "The Daily Mail
llose." Winner of the Gold Cup offered by the Lon-
don Daily Mail for the best new Rose exhibited at
the International Kxhibition. Ixwidon, May, 1912. A
most distinct ami novel Rose. The buds are coral-
red, shaded with yellow at base. The medium sized
open flowers are semi-double and of a superb coral-
red, shaded with yellow and bright rosy-scarlet,
passing to shrimp-red.

RADIANCE— An ideal American bedding variety.
A clean hea.ltliy grower, producing its flowers freely
even under the most adverse weather conditions. In
color, a brilliant carmine-pink and of good form.
Truly a Rose for every garden.

RED RADIANCE— A counterpart of Radiance, ex-
cept in color, which is a clear cerise-red.

Price: Any of the above except where noted, in strong, two-year-old plarts, $1.00 each; $12.00 per dozen;
$1)0.00 per 100, Ii5 or more supplied at 100 rate.

We will supply one of each of the Dreer Dozen Roses as named above for $12.00.

DREER'S GARDEN BOOK FOR 1922 contains beautiful colored plates of new Roses and offers many new
and standard varieties. Among them the greatest achievement of Pernet-Ducher's, the New Yellow Rose,
Souvenir De Cladius Peniet. It also offers Plants of all kinds, including Cannas, Dahlias, Hardy Peren-
nials, Water Lilies, etc.; Flower and Vegetable Seeds; Lawn Grass and Agricultural Seeds; Carden Requi-
sites of all kinds, etc. Illustrated with eijrht color plates and hundreds of photo-engravings, this book makes
an interesting volume which should be in the hands of everyone- interested in gardening. A copy will be
sent free if you mention this publication. WRITE TO-DAY.

HENRY A. DREER, 714-716 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pa.

New Giant Zinnias

EACH year sees an increased number of Zinnias in
well planned gardens. They are easily grown, uni-
formly tall, and are blended with tints and shades that
for subdued coloring are unsurpassed.

Achievement is noted for its enormous flowers and
queer petals — like those of cactus dahlias at the tips.
Packet 25 cts. postpaid.

Giant Picotee-flowered is distinguished by the peculiar
color markings at the tips of the petals. In a variety of
colors. Packet 15 cts. postpaid.

You should learn about these splendid blooms and see
them in color on our 1922 catalog, which we send with
each order.

Forbes 1922 Catalog

Tells you about our new varieties for
the vegetable garden — Coreless Carrot,
Des Moines Squash, Manyfolcl Tomato,
and the new things for the
flower garden. All of them
r ... "i are well worth knowing;

• "\ send for the catalog today.

£, Alexander
^ Forbes & Co.

/ 119 Mulberry Street
Newark, New Jersey

PLAN your flower garden this year with
Beckert's richly illustrated catalog before
you. Beckert's seeds and bulbs will do ten
or twenty times more to beautify your home
and grounds than the same money invested
for any other purpose.

Beckert's seeds have for fifty years been
used by professional florists — they know of
no seeds which are quite as dependable for
yield and quality.

Beckert's 1922 Catalog, Free

Send for richly illustrated catalog, full of valuable
pointers. It contains the finest selections of seed spe-
cialists— the latest developments in old fashioned flow-
ers, and the most exclusive new creations. Notable
examples are the new imported Giant Snapdragons, in
a variety of fascinating colors.

Success is insured by Beckert's easily grown home
varieties, accompanied by easily followed instructions.

Send for catalog now

Beckett's Seed Store, Dept. H

101-103 Federal Street

Pittsburgh, Pa. £4

128

House & Garden

Burbank's ways are nature's ways-
follow them for success

THERE is a new pleasure and captivating purpose in growing plants to make
them take on valuable or beautiful new forms.
The modern plant grower is by no means content to leave everything to
nature — he takes a hand himself and helps nature produce the forms and qualities he
desires. In this there is no magic — but knowledge and skill.

Ordinary garden methods may be had from any one of a hundred sources. But
practical and dependable guidance in the work of plant improvement is most difficult
to obtain. In this delightful field that offers unlimited possibilities for pleasure and
profit, Luther Burbank, "the dean of plant breeders," is supremely qualified to point
the way to success.

Did you know that the direct personal guidance of the greatest of plant breeders
is now available to plant lovers everywhere by the recent publication of the new
Burbank books? Over fifty years of unparalleled patience and persistence are con-
densed into eight fascinating volumes.

HowPlants Are Trained toWork for Man

LUTHER BURBANK

These books are not a compilation of the works or words of others, but a descrip-
tion by Burbank of the results of actual work carried on by him in practical experi-
ments with countless living plants. He demonstrates what can be done; he sets new
ideals and novel problems.

Here for the first time is presented in convenient and authoritative form all that
the world is eager to know about this unique genius of the plant world — the interest-
ing facts of his long and fruitful life, the secret of his success, his methods and dis-
coveries. They are invaluable alike to the amateur and the professional plant grower,
for they cover the whole field of plant culture from helpful details to the bolder inno-
vations that have given Burbank the name of "miracle worker" and "wizard."

Plant Breeding; Grafting and Budding; Fruit Improvement; Small Fruits; Gar-
dening; Useful Plants; Flowers; Trees— are the volume titles under which all the
variety and wonder of these books is included. And besides, there is a fine biography
of the author and 390 exquisite full color illustrations.

No advertisement can begin to do justice to the interest, beauty and practical
value of the works. For this reason an attractive booklet has been published to tell
more about this remarkable library.

Half-Hour Experiments with Plants

Contains a brief biography of Mr. Burbank. telling how he rose from a
mere beginner to his present eminence; evidence of what others have
done working in the manner of Burhank; illustrations from the complete
set, in full colors; and constructive Burbank experiments that you may
actually put into practice— What to Work for in Experiments with Plants.
The Practical Essentials of Hand Pollenizing, How to Burbank Your
Geraniums How to Make Old Fruit Trees Young and Productive, Graft-
ing Methods That Will Work Miracles

HALF-HOUR EXPERIMENTS
WTIH PLANTS

LuifiER BURBANK

You will find this booklet well worth sending for. But
only a limited edition has been published, so clip the
coupon NOW — and send for it TO-DAY.

P. F. COLLIER & SON COMPANY

416 West Thirteenth Street, New York, N.Y.

BKA

I wish to know more about the interest, beauty and
practical value of the Burbank books, and would appreciate
having the representative constructive experiments men-
tioned in your advertisement. Please send me, free and
without obligation, "Half-Hour Experiments with Plants,"
by Luther Burbank.

Name

Occupation
A ddress . . .

H-D 4-22

Reviving the Spirit of William Morris

(Continued from page 126)

tumn Flowers" is built up on diaper
construction and has a stimulating effect
on large wall surfaces.

An example of recent work, which,
while not copying Morris' patterns but
in which is worked out the Morris
spirit, is the Ladies' Tea Room in the
University Club of Chicago. The pat-

terned walls in the effect of a mediaeval
arras are replete with the mediaeval
mille-fleurs in sparkling colours on a
grey ground. The lighting fixtures are
so covered that the light shines through
three folds of taffeta yellow, tangerine
and vermilion, throwing a warm glow
over the entire room.

Lamps for Night and Day

(Continued from page 47)

sitated more or less simple furnishings
and plain hangings. The hangings were
of sand-coloured silk bound with Chin-
ese red, as there was some of this gay
tone here and there in the paper. Quite
the most interesting spots in the room
were the two ancient Chinese jars, beau,
tiful in shape and softly coloured, with
parchment shades in a wonderful tone
of this same red — red by day and red
with the glow of orange through it by
night. They immediately established
the colour note of the room and gave it
compelling interest.

There are so many good designs of
lamp vases now procurable at moderate
prices that there is no excuse for some
of the monstrosities one comes across
so often.

Quite the most beautiful are the vases
of old Chinese pottery. Even the re-
productions have a grace of contour
and design that makes them adaptable
to many interiors. Wooden lamps, urn
shaped or of the pedestal type, can be

effectively painted to carry out some
colour motif in the room. In bedrooms
delicate crystal lamps with silk shades
in pastel hues are charming.

The shades should be in harmony
with or offer a striking contrast to the
lamp and still conform to the general
colour scheme of the room, perhaps ac-
centing one particular note. In this
regard they should be chosen for day'
as well as night. A room in a coun-
try house, flooded with sunlight might
have pale grey walls, touches of orange
here and there in the hangings of grey
chiffon lamp shades lined with orange.
By day these are quite grey, but at
night will throw out a warm, mellow
glow.

Quite apart from the utilitarian as-
pect, lamps and their shades are the
sauce piquante in decoration. They give
the final snap and individuality to a
room, and it is a wise hostess who
realizes half the battle is won when an
interior is well and attractively lighted.

Hybridizing Dahlias

(Continued from page 104)

The Publishers cannot undertake t» send this book
free to children.

the development of the seed takes place
at the base of each ray. It is neces-
sary to fertilize the base of each
ray if one wishes all the flowers even-
tually to develop seeds. If that is not
done many seeds will not develop, as
they have not been cross-pollenated.

In choosing parents for hybridizing,
therefore, we must choose those varie-
ties that possess the characters we wish
to perpetuate. I always select the va-
riety that shows most prominently the
character I wish to develop, and use it
as the mother. In using the term
mother hereafter I will refer to this
variety, made a mother because the pol-
len grain of the other flower is carried
to its receptive organ.

If it is size you wish most, select the
largest flowered variety as your mother
parent, and take pollen from the other
flower you choose, which of course,
would naturally be another variety that
is very large.

If you wish to develop long-stemmed,
abundantly flowering varieties, I would
choose the two varieties displaying these
characters most prominently. Then, too,
it would be well to choose as the moth-
er not only the best bloomer with the
strongest stems, but also to take into
consideration which is the better pro-
ducer of tubers, so that after you have
your successful cross, you have one that
will accumulate rapidly.

If you desire both size and an abun-
dance of flowers, always use the most
abundant bloomer as the mother.

I have found from my thirty years'
experience with dahlias that the mother
parent's characters are more promi-
nently displayed in the hybrid progeny.

To carry the pollen grain from the
father parent to the mother, I have
found that the soft camel's-hair brush
is as good as anything I have tried for
that purpose, although anything may be
used that will carry the pollen grains.
The most important factor in successful
hybridization is the selection of the
proper time to cross-pollenize , that the
stigma may be at the ipght stage at

which to take fertilization. The proper
time is when the pollen first appears on
that flower. If the flower is not fertil-
ized at that time the cross may be un-
successful, due to the fact that the stig-
ma has already been fertilized by na-
ture. It is usually wise to protect the
flower head previous to crossing, if one
wishes to be sure of his crosses and is
to keep accurate records of his experi-
ments.

To make a cross, take your brush,
gently separate the flowers in the flow-
er head, inserting the brush carefully
to the base of the ray where the pollen
is located. Securing the pollen, carry k
carefully to the mother parent and with
the fingers separate the flowers so that
you may deposit the pollen grains on
the stigma at the base of the most prom-
ising rays. To insure success it is well
to take from a number of flowers of
the father plant and deposit their pol-
len on a number of the stigmas of the
mother parent.

After the fertilization has been done
Nature provides for the rest, as if
germination takes place the pollen grain
will grow down into the stigma, form-
ing or developing the ovule, which sub-
sequently develops into the seed.

Allow the flowers to mature, and
when they have formed seed pods,
pick 'the pods and spread them out in
some protected, sunny place, that they
may dry thoroughly. When thoroughly
dried, break apart the pods and the
seeds can be selected from the chaff or
dried rays.

Do not allow the seed pods to remain
on the plants too long, so that they will
become dry and the winds blow them
away. They should be collected before
they are dried on the plants, and the
curing and drying should be done in-
doors. To distinguish the seeds from
the chaff or rays, one should look £or
dark brown seeds about Y2" in length,
that are very narrow and flat. They
should be planted in the spring.

J. K. ALEXANDER.

1922

.OF

V ' V

Reproduction fri m a painting in inl by Frank Swift
Chase of the Hill Schoal at Pattstim'n. Pa.

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CJROTON SCHOOL

/OH.V DAVEY
Father of Tree Surgery

THERE IS ONLY ONE THING THAT CAN PRODUCE
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MONEY can buy almost anything else — gardens, houses, drives, shrubbery. But
it cannot buy a full-grown tree, beautiful with that dignity and majesty which
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with them? The tree is a living, breathing thing, and as such is subject to disease
and decay. Insect enemies attack it. Structural weaknesses make it, often, the
easy victim of storms. The ailing tree, if neglected, will die prematurely just as
surely as night follows day.

Abundant foliage is not necessarily a sign of tree health. Disease and decay work
insidiously, and frequently the most dangerous conditions are not evident to the
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DAVEY TREE SURGEONS

1922

•

House & Garden

FURNISHING THE GARDEN

WE Americans have still to learn the art of
living out-of-doors, the art of being at
home in a garden, of feeling leisure in the
presence of a broad stretch of lawn and comfort in
the deep shade of trees. Perhaps you'll protest that
lots of Americans do these very things. Lots do
not, however. Lots of us aren't intimate enough
with Nature to feel comfortably at home in a gar-
den. To many of us a garden is a thing to look
at! whereas it should be a place to live in.

For years HOUSE & GARDEN has been preaching
the gospel of livable homes. Equally desirable
is the livable garden. To make it livable certain
simple accessories are required. Or they may be
as elaborate as you please. It may be only a pil-
low underneath a tree. It may be a sculptured
tea house by the brink of a formal pool. All of
these are helps to living in a garden.

This June issue of the magazine (which will come
to you in late May) is filled with ample suggestions
for making gardens livable. It begins with an arti-
cle on the summer-house and its place in the land-
scape scheme. Then there's an essay on eating out-
of-doors, a rare delight. Sundials — old ones from
England and new designs from American artists —

Because it is devoted to garden
living, the June number will show
a number of pleasant places to sit

fill two pages. Rock gardens are here, and a re-
markable bulb garden and an old garden of Metz
in which three centuries of worthy men and women
have felt at home. A swimming pool is added, for
what garden is there but dreams of having a pool
to dip into on hot days. And, to make the
measure full, there are two pages of pleasant gar-
den spots in which to sit.

This generous handful by no means exhausts the
garden furnishing suggestions. There are pages of
games to play in a garden, and a study of garden
retaining wall's, and something on trees, and still an-
other study of flowers to use singly and in masses.

From this it would seem that there isn't room
for other subjects. No fear ! Have we not found
space for a serious consideration of the Palladian
window in house design? For the Little Portfolio
and a study of metal lath? For a group of four
small houses with plans and a page on tinware in
the kitchen ? For an old English house of quaint
design and an editorial on old gardeners? Yes,
space is found for all these.

This June issue, then, will be quite well filled.
It promises to be one of the best numbers of the
year.

Contents for May, 1922. Volume XLI, No. Five

COVER DESIGN BY ETHEL FRANKLIN BETTS-BAINS

EDITORIAL — MOVING DAY 41

SPRING COMES TO EACH GARDEN 42

INOFFENSIVE PORCHES 43

Costen Fitz-Cibbon
THE HOME OF HORACE HAVEMEYER, ISLIP, L. 1 46

H. T. Lindeberg, Architect
THE SPIRIT OF THE HOUSE • 48

Richard Le Gallienne
THE MORNING WIND • . . . 48

Harry Kemp

FLOWING ROOFS • 40

INSIDE A HOUSE BY THE SEA 50

Flora MacDonald

THE HOME OF MRS. B. F. PEPPER, CHESTNUT HILL, PHILADELPHIA 52
COLLECTING THE COINS OF YESTERDAY • 53

Gardner Teall
DECORATING THE TABLE 54

Emily Burbank
CONSIDER THE WATER LILY • 56

Harold H. Scudder
TAILORED SLIP COVERS FOR THE COUNTRY HOUSE 58

P. T. Frankl
A LITTLE PORTFOLIO OF GOOD INTERIORS 59

A CLASSICAL COUNTRY HOUSE OF THE I?TH CENTURY 62

H. D. Eberlein
THE CREATION OF HYBRID PLANTS 64

Ralph Mornington
INSECT ENEMIES OF ORNAMENTAL TREES 65

E. P. Felt
THE SUMMER CAMP OF ROBERT HAWLEY, CHRISTMAS LAKE,

MINN 66

VIEWS IN THE GARDEN OF GEORGE EASTMAN, ROCHESTER, N. Y.. . 68
IF You ARE GOING TO BUILD 70

Mary Fanton Roberts

SHADOWY CORNERS IN INFORMAL GARDENS 72

THE ADVANTAGES OF THE OIL RANGE 74

Ethel R. Peyser
WINDOW LEDGE GARDENING THE YEAR AROUND 76

Joseph H. Sperry

A GROUP OF FOUR MEDIUM HOUSES 77

HOLLOW TILE AS A BUILDING SAFEGUARD 80

Henry Compton

GAY CHINTZES FOR NEW CURTAINS 81

FURNISHING THE PORCH 82

WICKER FOR THE SUMMER HOME 83

THE GARDENER'S CALENDAR 84

Subscribers are notified that no change of address can
be effected in less than one month.

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UNDER THE ACT OF MARCH 3, 1879. PRINTED IN THE U. S. A.

House & Garden

New models that are
true musical instruments

Victrola No. 280

$200

Mahogany or walnut
Victrola No. 28O, electric, $265

Mahogany

Being musical instru-
ments the first requirement
is quality of musical per-
formance and in these new
models the design is deter-
mined by their musical re-
quirements. These require-
ments have been learned
through twenty-four years
devoted solely to the talking-
machine art.

See and hear these new
Victrolas which, while new
in design, have all the char-
acteristic tone-quality which
has made the Victrola pre-
eminent.

Victrola No. 330
$350

Victrola No. 330, electric, $415
Mahogany

Victrola No. 300, electric, $315

Mahogany, oak or walnut

Victrola

"HIS MASTER'S VOICE" REG. us. PAT. OFF.

Important -. Look for these trade-marks. Under the lid. On the label.

Victor Talking Machine Company

Camden, New Jersey

May, 1922

However Pleasant and Livable the House May Be, There Comes a Day When
One Craves the Change Which Only Altered Furnishings Can Bring

THIS is not going to be so terrible as it sounds, for we have no
intention of touching upon moving day as it used to be pictured
in the comic papers, with humorous caravans sagging under humorous
loads; nor again as it is registered in serious minds made tragic by the
losses and breakages attendant on each compulsory transit. No. These
words of wisdom refer first to the constant ebb and flow of the furniture-
and-ornament-tide, which should, and usually does, take place in every
room, until the exact article has grounded itself in the exact spot
where it appears most useful and to the best advantage. And second
to those two periods of radical change known to old-fashioned wives
as "putting up" the house in spring, and "taking it down" in aiftumn.
Nothing can be more important in any man's home-life than a thorough
understanding of the philosophy and propriety of these events.

WE are told that the Japanese, knowing how soon custom stales the
eye's appreciation, bring from their art treasures only one beau-
tiful object at a time and make it the most conspicuous thing in the room
until an hour arrives when it has ceased to attract adequate attention.
They then replace it with another object which will, in its turn, hold
their interest for certain allotted days. We are not so highly simple in
taste and requirements, and most of us love to fill our dwellings with as
much furniture as we can thread our way through, and all the pictures
and ornaments we can afford. But even we realize that, after a little
while we no longer take in the effect of the arrangements we have
created; that we cannot be sure whether this or that particular piece
is in its most befitting position because it is so long since we have con-
sidered it in any other. That is the moment to begin moving things
about, trying them here and there tentatively; leaving them, even, for
a day or so till one is certain whether they are right as they were, or
right as they are, or not right at all in either place.

SOME people (considering women to be people) have a mania
for moving furniture, just for the sake of moving it. But this
is not the purposeful effort we had in mind, the effect with a definite end
in view. This end is, little as one might suppose it, an ultimate
stability of sorts. Not the stability of fixed inhibitions, but of comfort-
able, gradual decisions arrived at by intimate tastes and habits. For
instance, in almost every room there is some piece of furniture which has
to go in some especial place for some especial reason. Take the general
living-room, where most of the family activities go on; if writing is done
there the desk or writing table will naturally gravitate toward a window,
and, for choice, one where the light would fall upon it from the left.
That settles that, and so makes one stationery (with no pun intended)
point. Then, if there is a fire place — which is devoutly to be desired
— the grouping of furniture about it is also the result of natural
gravitation, plus family usage. Two large arm chairs, or one large
arm chair and a sofa, at right angles to the chimney-piece, are usual,
with tables convenient for light, for books and papers, for work — for, in
fact, anything one likes — pleasantly adjacent. But infinite varieties
of chairs and sofas and tables may be tried to see which best fit the
places and the persons. And the right ones may this minute be re-
posing meekly in the garret, or shirking hard work in the least evident
of the spare bedrooms.

THE spring "putting up" is an excellent time for changes. Hal-
lowed by custom, borne with by the man from boyhood, the
process may be resented but the result will not create real rebellion.
And if a different chair take the place of the hardy old horse-hair
monstrosity, whose under-stuffing has long been protruding in a very
indecent way, that chair's most constant occupant, whoever he may be,
can be placated by hearing that it has gone to be mended, and he will
undoubtedly become so attached to the ease of his new seat that he
will care very little if the old one never comes back. In like manner
when the ugly magenta-and-gold draperies come down from the win-
dows, where a past generation's intermediately questionable taste placed
them, the clear, sweet colors and flowery patterns of summer chintzes
may so enchant the eyes of even the most conservative that when autumn
arrives their taste will have turned against the darker curtains altogether.

CITY houses in their spring outfits can be very attractive. No one
need pity the working members of any family whose lot is cast
among such pleasant surroundings as the modern wife and mother leaves
behind her when she takes herself and the children to the green country
or the blue sea. The frosty, glistening white of glazed tarleton covers
on mirror and picture (all neatly cut, fitted and taped) seems to cool
the features of the face or landscape underneath and, while it keeps
vagrant flies out, allows just the proper amount of light to filter in.
The smooth surface of the gay calendared slip-covers almost invites
happy wriggling. The heavy curtains in light striped linen bags, or
those bright flowered summer curtains which have taken their places,
make the room almost as cheerful as a garden, over whose bloom _the
bowed shutters and stretched awnings cast a shade as comfortable as
that of imagined trees. Electric fans throw well-regulated breezes
from any angle. The canary in the old cook's window, opening in
the court, sings as sweetly as any bird on the bough. The whole house
welcomes the tired business man in the late afternoon, with an ap-
parently new and deliberate coquetry.

THEN, when in its appointed time, autumn comes rustling along,
with a well sunburned face and blown hair, the chintzes will
have become too slippery, the white gauze picture-and-mirror-covers too
ghostly, the cutains limp and the flowers faded, the electric fans things
to shiver at, the cook's canary inaudible because of closed windows, the
clocks begging to be regulated, the telephone calling for prompt atten-
tion and plenty of it, and the master of the house longing to step down
from his lonely height and be again the husband and father. This
is when terrible old traditional truck disappears, and discarded heir-
looms suddenly come to light, and expensive new stuff works into view
upon furniture denuded of its innocent summer dress, and inquiries
are met with the artfully truthful reply "Why, my dear, it's been on
for months. Haven't you noticed it?" Antique shops and auction
rooms send home the things that have tempted the householder where the
householder longed to be tempted, and the delight of opening and
arranging them is greater than the fear of not finding a satisfactory ex-
planation of their presence. But this is all as it should be, and no more
than any self-respecting domicile is entitled to expect in the way of
healthy variety.

House & Garde

HetU

SPRING COMES TO EACH GARDEN

Spring comes to each garden alter Ike fashion of
that garden — when planted to crocus, the delicacy
of crocus; when to narcissus, their scattered stars
and golden clouds; when to peonies, the masses of
their white and creamy pink and red. Each in its
cum way is incomparably beautiful. But for

delicate shading!, for unexpected chromatic
climaxes, mass iris and late tulips together. In
this garden, on the estate of H. J. Haskell, at Cos-
sart, Pa., the reaches of an old orchard are given
over to this spring display. Marian C. Coffin
was the landscape architect who planned it

May, 1922

INOFFENSIVE

PORCHES

In Order to Avoid the Mistakes of a Past Generation, the Modern Porch Must Be Either
an Integral Part of the House Or Applied as a Decoration

COSTEN FITZ-GIBBON

THE possession of a porch is often an
obsession. One wants a porch in the
same sort of way one wants a sewing
machine. "No household complete without
one!" Time and again it happens that those
who insistently clamor for porches do not use
them after they get them, and, under the cir-
cumstances, they derive their sole satisfaction
of ownership from the consciousness of having
a thing of exactly the same sort that neighbor
Smith or neighbor Jones has.
Meanwhile, in all likelihood,
a house otherwise good in
design has been spoiled
merely to gratify a whim.
The writer holds no brief
either for or against porches.
What ensues is merely a plea
and a suggestion for a little
more sanity and a little more
imagination both in demand-
ing them and in designing
them.

A properly designed porch
can be both useful and an
element of grace in the com-
position of which it forms a
part. The two cardinal
faults of the average porch —
faults which make it a dis-
tinctly objectionable fea-
ture— are ( 1 ) that it darkens
the rooms whose windows
come beneath its roof line
and (2) that it bears no es-
sential relation to the general
mass of the house to which
it is attached. For this un-
happy condition both clients
and architects are, in a
measure, somewhat to blame.
The two prime require-
ments for a well-devised
porch are that it should
either (1) form an essential
and integral part of the gen-
eral composition of the house,
or (2) constitute an obvious-
ly decorative factor, applied
to the house by way of em-
bellishment. In other words,

it should be frankly structural or frankly
decorative while also serving a useful purpose.
It is perfectly possible to fulfill either or some-
times, indeed, both of these requirements in
designing a porch, but any porch is doomed
to failure, so far as architectural considera-
tions go, when these fundamental require-
ments are ignored.

While the porch is often regarded as an at-
tribute of American domestic architecture, it

The combination oj decorative black wrought iron standards and u
open roof creates an atmosphere of airy grace in this porch on the
Mrs. B. F. Pepper at Chestnut Hill, Pa. A stone floor continues the
garden paths. Willing &• Sims, architects

is not as a matter of fact, by any means
a feature of American invention or mo-
nopoly. Centuries before the porch was
dreamed of in America it existed as a fully
recognized and much employed domestic in-
stitution in Italy. It was the loggia and the
portico. It was a natural response to the
desire for an open air place in which to sit or
walk with a shelter overhead. Climatic condi-
tions made it both desirable and necessary.
In the same way summer
conditions in America made
a covered open air space an
acceptable feature, and the
response came — chiefly in the
19th Century — in the multi-
tude of fl i m s y and ugly
porches which reflect the ma-
terialism and lack of imag-
ination characteristic of that
age. Had the porch-mad
builders of the 19th Century
been willing to profit by the
experience of those that had
solved the same problem in
previous centuries and in
other lands, we might have
been spared a little of these
blemishes which today de-
face so much American do-
mestic architecture.

To realize that the aver-
age porch can be made a
pleasing feature one has only
to examine a few examples
in which the porch embodies
successful planning.

To go back to the 16th
Century, the house at Mon-
tagnana in Italy supplies an
example in which provision
is made for a loggia, as an
integral and necessary part
of the plan. The structural
quality of the loggia sat-
isfies the eye and, at the
same time, gives a covered
outdoor space without any
of the objectionable detached
appearance of the casual
attached- porch, and without

•kite wooden
residence of
stone of the

House & Garden

the modified form of Ital-
ian architecture is used, the
Italian loggia is a perfect solu-
tion for a porch. Here it con-
nects two wings of the home of
W. C. Rigsley at San Antonio,
Texas

depriving the rooms of light.
Passing from Montagnana in
the Padovana to Shirley on the
James River in Virginia, we find
an interesting contrast. Shirley
was built when the Palladian in-
fluence, well established in Eng-
land through the agency of Inigo
Jones and his successors, had be-
come a national tradition and not
only architects but clients thought __
in Palladian terms. And, of

As we learn to appreciate privacy, the more do we see how utterly
wrong were those porches of an elder generation, placed on the front
of the house, in full view of all passersby. Today the porch is an inti-
mate, secluded spot off the garden and away from public gaze, such
as this one below

In the Rigsley house, the design
is balanced by terminal loggias or
covered ends of the paved ter-
race. Their arched openings and
balustrades are beautifully pro-
portioned. Atlee B. Ayre was the
architect

course, what was true of England
in this respect was true of the
Colonies as well.

At Shirley the porches on both
the land and river fronts constitute
essential and indispensable fea-
tures of the design. While at-
tached to the main structure they
do not in the least convey the im-
pression of being irrelevant ap-
pendages to the body of the house.

For the most part, people in

The porch is a place of transition between the house and the gar-
den and it should have some of the characters of each either in its
design or its furnishing. In the country house shown below, the
porch is on the garden level and yet the inclusive roof makes it a
part of the house

May, 1922

America found existence
without porches perfectly
comfortable until the latter
part of the 18th Century or
early in the 19th. Such ve-
randas as were found prior
to that time were more or less
akin to the stately portico
type exemplified at Shirley,
or else were little more than
the modest porches intended
to shelter front doors and
provide a place for settles or
forms at each side of the
entrance.

Had these veranda ideals
prevailed, there would have
been no cause for criticism.
Unfortunately, the mechani-
cal and materialistic era,
ushered in about 1840, saw

the rapid multiplication of
porches of a type apparently
conceived by debauched and
poverty-stricken imagina-
tions, a type that reached the
culmination of its hideosity
in the jig-saw and ginger-
bread creations of the late
General Grant period and
the "Eighties."

The veranda that is added
to the house as an ornament
offers still another problem.
It would be difficult to find a
more apt illustration of this
genus of veranda than the
instances supplied by Moger-
hanger House, designed by
Sir John Soane early in the
19th Century.

(Continued on page 112)

In this small house at
Mont.agnana in Italy, the
loggia is an essential part .
of the structure. Plenty
of light is given the in-
side rooms

The "Chinese taste" is
reflected in the roof de-
sign of this shallow
porch. This is a condi-
tion where a porch is a
distinctly decorative fea-
ture

While obviously not included in the mass of the
building, this double porch on Mogerhanger
House in Bedfordshire is an essential part of the
composition, a graceful ornament to lighten the
facade

The veranda is a feature of Southern Colonial
architecture. As shown here, it is made by
recessing the middle unit of the house and
supporting the roof on tall columns. Dwight
James Baum, architect

Otherwise
stodgy and unin-
teresting, this
facade of Mog-
erhanger House
is made quite un-
usual by the deli-
cate lines of the

House & Garden

The picturesque texture of weathered whitewashed brick broken
by stone door and window frames can be seen in this view of the
north or entrance front. Heavy slates have been used for the
roof. Upon these simple elements the design depends for much
of its effectiveness

THE HOME OF HORACE HAVEMEYER, ISLIP, L. I.

H. T. LINDEBERG

Architect

May, 1922

A. long, low roof line has been created by attaching the garage and
servants' quarters to a wing of the house. A brick wall separates
the service yard from the entrance. An unusual feature of this
front is the square stair well

The south front faces a terrace enclosed by wings extending on

each side. Three shallow bays, the height of the house, give this

facade the relief of curves. Contrast is also seen in the white

chimneys above the slate roof

- ' '- ' -

* * *

m^t&

*<C - *A>

THE SPIRIT

O F

THE

House & Garden

HOUSE

Old or New, in Romantic Surroundings or in Dull Environments, Each House As It Is
Lived In Receives the Impression of Those Who Dwell There

RICHARD LE GALLIENNE

MOST of us have dreamed the dream of the ideal house. Most
of us have looked into the beloved's eyes at twilight and talked
softly with her of the house soon to be the home of our love,
fondly planning together all its "O so sacred" details — Darling! Our
home at last, together for evermore! Let theorists rail all they will at
"the domesticities," but after the first kiss, the domus is the first thought.
Love's refuge from a sordid world. The hermitage a deux. The nest —
and the young voices at dawn. Most youthful dreamers are less for-
tunate than the birds. It is seldom given to them to build their own
nests — blithely fetching and carrying its various materials to and fro
through the singing spring sunshine — "any straw will help a nest."
Only lovers especially favored of fortune can build their own houses,
according to their dream, the dream, that is, of themselves embodied in
a house. Others must be content to choose among those already built
that which comes nearest to their dream, or is most capable of being
adapted to it.

And for these dreamers there are many business-like persons smil-
ingly on the lookout to cater to their needs: house-agents, house-decora-
tors, and house-furnishers, expert in interpreting and fulfilling such
dreams — after a fashion. But these well-intentioned purveyors are too
apt to impose either their own tastes, or the modes of the moment on all
but those who have very definite formative ideas of their own. Hence
the depressing colonies of "artistic" homes — with "pergolas" and other
meaningless, out-of-place, architectural toys and decorations. Doubt-
less, many of these obliging persons are persons of taste, but what is
needed in a house is not that it should reflect the taste of its architect or
decorator but the taste of those who occupy it. Otherwise it is not
properly speaking their house.

It is commonplace how often one feels this in the great houses of
the newly enriched. How absurdly incongruous it is for them to dwell
among their rare tapestries, to lie in their carven, canopied four-posters,
how meaningless for them their picture gallery of old masters, their
library, with missals under glass cases, and all the exquisite and storied
bric-a-brac which they have merely bought, but can never possess.
They might as well live in the Metropolitan Museum, and call it their
home. And, of course, in their hearts they know it, and are just as un-
comfortable as their visitors. Their house itself may well have a spirit
of its own, a spirit which one can imagine haughtily aloof and lonely
from these trespassers upon its harmony, the delicately contrived har-
mony of the artists who have brought it into being. Some day one may
come and make it his own; but, till then, the house is empty, for all its
noise of feasting, and its menials by the score. The halls of Balclutha
are not more desolate.

For many the dream of a house goes no
further than comfort. It begins and ends
in open plumbing. And who shall gain-
say them? At least they do not offend by
affected estheticism. They are "them-
selves," and they and their houses suit each
other. But there are others who need an
appeal to their imagination in their dwell-
ing-places, and who, if needs must, gladly
support a measure of physical discomfort
in preference to the spiritual discomfort of
living, with ugliness and vulgarity. Those
who have been to London will recall that
quaint row of gabled Elizabethan houses in
Holborn known as Staple Inn. Its massive
oaken doorways are still guarded by an
Elizabethan porter in gold lace, and locked
and bolted at night like the gates in "Mac-
beth," only to be opened to the knocking of
its inmates, "gentlemen of the Inns of
Court," or literary and artistic folk who

THE MORNING WIND

The silver-burning, latest star

Precedes the widening rose of morn;
A hushed, expectant wind has waked

And walks abroad among the corn;
Gently suspiring as in dream,

Unseen but by the way it weaves,
A hushed, expectant wind awakes

To walk among the morning leaves.
Newness has perished from the moon;

The silver of the stars has thinned;
The sun has grown a common thing —

But not this little, tip-toe wind!
When Eden was removed from men

God, past computed measures kind —
Things we can never guess He took —

He left the morning wind behind,
To whisper still of Paradise

And lovely, dim-remembered days,
The little wind that went before

The Feet of Him down Eden's ways!

value the romance of such surroundings. Within, a London plane-
tree leafily murmurs over the cobbled court, the little low door-
ways give entrance to rickety staircases winding up to the several
"chambers," within which the old floors, sadly out of plumb,
are wave-like under the tread. Here are no electric lights, and
no running water. You go to bed by candle-light, and must draw your
water from the pump in the courtyard below. Yet those who feel the
spell of the past that broods over all would not have it otherwise, and
gladly accept such discomforts, even relish them, for the sake of the
imaginative satisfaction which is theirs. The old place has a soul with
which they delight to dwell in communion. Insensibly this soul of
distinguished antiquity refines and tranquilizes them, is a gentle forma-
tive influence pervading their lives. For, if the house in which we live,
after a while, takes the impress of our characters, it is even more im-
portantly true that it influences us in return. And there indeed is the im-
portance of our choosing well the house in which we live, that its spirit
should be the right spirit; for all houses are in a sense haunted, haunted
by influences benign or maleficent, which gradually make their mark
upon us. It is well for the enforced prisoner to say that stone walls do
not a prison make, but it is only from strong necessity, or through con-
scious effort, that we can thus overcome the influence of our surround-
ings, and, so long as we can choose them, it is but common sense to choose
those which demand no such effort. You may think bright thoughts in
dark rooms, but they will come of themselves in rooms filled with sun-
shine; and you may dream grandiosely in narrow rooms, but designs
large and lofty breathe the better in surroundings of space and height.
I remember once walking with Oscar Wilde through the immense
salons of the London house of a certain English nobleman. Wilde's
soul, with his love and need of magnificence, seemed to expand as he
gazed about him. "Ah!" he said, drawing in the lordly splendid
spaciousness as though it were the morning air, "this is how a gentle-
man should live!" Gentlemen have usually to content themselves with
humbler measurements, but Wilde's meaning was clear and right.
What Mrs. Meynell has called "The Spirit of Place" is a very real and
potent thing, and it is dangerous to ignore it. To live in a house out of
harmony with itself is like living with bad music, and those who build
new houses should be as careful of their lines as a poet of the lines of
his sonnet. "Those who live in jazz houses . . . " as a certain living
wit might have said ; and I leave him to complete the sentence.

Of course, in certain old houses, there is that "delight in disorder"
which Herrick admired in Julia's petticoat; but, as in the case of that
tempestuous garment, the disorder is more apparent than real. Though

not "too precise in every part," when con-
sidered understandingly, it will be seen that
such "disorder" as comes of varieties of
architecture, additions here and additions
there, merely marks the stages of an organic
growth, which, Time and Nature helping,
have resulted in what one might call an
historic harmony. Indeed the beauty of
these old places seems to belong as much to
nature as to art, and cannot be measured
by the same canons as we apply to new-
born buildings.

The charm and beauty of old houses is, of
course, a commonplace. It is scarcely neces-
sary to add to the immense volume of their
praise. To live in an old house is, so to
speak, one of the standardized dreams. For
some an old house best solves the problem
of combining livableness with romance.
Yet there are others not without romance
or taste, who, irrespective of comfort (and,
(Continued on page 102)

— HARRY KEMP.

May, 1922

FLOWING

ROOFS

The roof is Ike fluid element of house design. It
can sweep down, as this sweeps, from a high peak,
to cover the lower level of the wing and to shadow
the open porch. Midway stands a gable with the
roofs turning each side of it, the way a boulder in
midstream divides the water. Contrasting with
these flowing roofs are the more reposeful parts

of the design — the wall surfaces softened with
vines, the stair window with its long casement, the
range of little windows in the wing at the left.
These are some of the factors that lend charm
to this north front of the home of Miss Mead
at Lake Waccabuc, N. Y. H. T. Lindeberg was
the architect who planned the house

House &• Garden

This comfortable living room has
gray-green walls, a good tone for
seashore houses. It is in the Cape
Cod home of Wm. P. Halliday,
Esq. Flora MacDonald, decorator

In another house by the sea, the
sun filters through thin green cur-
tains onto walls done in a cool gray
lattice paper that breathes the
spirit of outdoors

A bedroom in Mr. Halliday 's
house has interesting furniture, its
painted flower decoration taken
from the design in the chintz win-
dow hangings

INSIDE a HOUSE
BY THE SEA

FLORA MAC DONALD

THE house close to the sea requires quite
a different treatment from the one set
amidst rolling green meadows or over-
hanging trees. There is so much color and
vitality in the surrounding scenery that a
more or less cool and subdued effect is one to
be sought after when furnishing a seashore
cottage.

This does not mean in any way that the
house should be lacking in color interest.
But when one comes in from the glare of sea
and sun, an inviting interior done in restful
grays, blues and greens is more satisfactory
in the long run than the more vivid tones so
effective in rooms devoid of the proper amount
of sunlight.

An example of this is to be found in a
picturesque house on the shores of Cape Cod —
an old house remodeled but one in which the
architects managed to preserve much of the
old-world atmosphere.

As one enters the comfortable living room,
lined on three sides with windows, the im-
pression is one of space and cheeriness, of
colors artfully blended and unobtrusive, of
comfortable furniture that has been lived with,
of window draperies that permit as much sea
air as possible to enter in. In fact this is the
key-note of the house — an appreciation of
sunlight and air.

It is a wise practice in seashore houses to
have the walls either painted or tinted, as the
long spells of dampness are hard on the very
best of wall papers. Green, gray-green,
French gray, putty or tan are good colors,
counteracting as they do the strong play of
sunlight. In this house cool gray-green walls
are an excellent contrast for the draperies of
block print linen in a design of birds, bas-
kets or gay flowers and garlands, soft greens,
rose and blue predominating on a natural back-
ground. Sun-proof fabrics, and those not af-
fected by the moist salty air, casement cloth,
hand-blocked cretonnes and linens of which
there are many charming designs, should be
used as far as possible in houses at the sea-
shore.

As the most striking note in this Cape Cod
living room is provided by the hangings,
balance and distribution of color have been
achieved by introducing more of this printed
linen in the cushion of the willow chairs. The
davenport and wing chair are done in a two-
tone fadeless fabric much the same shade as
the background of the linen.

Furniture and accessories of the Colonial
period have been selected almost entirely,
among which are several rare old pieces.

A lamp shade made of material resembling
cheesecloth in quality is embroidered in
worsted flowers. The others are of parch-
ment painted in a design suggested by the
printed linen and provide the necessary touches
of color. Lamp shades in seashore houses
should never be frilly affairs that become limp
and bedraggled looking at the first hint of
dampness.

May, 1922

The floor coverings throughout the house
are, for the most part, loosely woven rugs, in
dust color, an excellent shade to defy foot
prints and the constant tracking in of sand
from the beach.

In the dining room, the same cool gray-green
walls catch and reflect the long summer sun-
sets. Here the hangings of Chinese Chippen-
dale linen, somewhat larger and bolder in de-
sign than that used in the living room, are
delightful in coloring. On a ground of natural
linen, figures in gold, orange, lavender and
green bring enough color contrast into the room
to keep it from being monotonous in tone.
The furniture, delicate in design, has the
added virture of comfortable and practical
lines. Painted a low-tone green, it carries the
eye easily from the background to the restful
tone of the floor covering. On the walls, a
few rare old prints in narrow black frames
are highly decorative, their quaint scenes add-
ing much interest and life to an interior of
this kind.

Bedrooms in a house of this character should
be extremely simple, delicate in coloring, with
furniture of some unusual, interesting design.

The main bedroom in this little Cape Cod
cottage is quite delightful in its simplicity, the
chief feature being the furniture of unusual
design and ornamented with a quaint motif
from the material of the overdraperies. These
are of chintz in a charming pattern of baskets
of flowers broken by a blue stripe. The nar-
row cornice has a shaped valance below out-
lined in blue fringe. Blue is also used in the
embroidery on the boudoir shade above the
dresser. Old rag and hooked rugs here add
their soft, faded colors, and a quilted bed-
spread is quite in the spirit of the house as is
the old glass lamp, a relic of early American
days.

In furnishing the sunroom, the chief dif-
ficulty lay in subduing the light. To this end
gray and blue cretonne was used for over-
draperies and upholstery, the under curtains
being of casement cloth in champagne color
edged with deep blue fringe. Painted willow
furniture in a silver-gray tone was cool look-
ing against the natural stucco walls and com-
bined well with the Scotch rugs much the color
of dust.

The enclosed veranda from which one
catches glimpses of the sea through tall pines,
I tried to keep as simple as possible, the un-
pretentious rush rug and dark stained wicker
furniture striking notes in key with the sur-
rounding landscape. Gay pillows here and
there are the only color notes introduced.

All throughout the house the atmosphere is
one of extreme simplicity. Over-elaboration of
any kind has no place in a seashore house
where furnishings in addition to being decor-
ative must be extremely practical to withstand
dampness, sun and the sand that persists in get-
ting into every house anywhere near the ocean.
Restful colors should be combined in an inter-
esting manner, the cool tones given first prefer-
ence. Fast color linens and cretonnes make
the best hangings and if colorful painted
furniture is used and one tone durable rugs the
rooms are bound to be both restful and charm-
ing, with marked personalities.

Gray-green walls and interesting
furniture painted a darker shade
contrast pleasingly with the chintz
hangings in a Chinese Chippendale
design

Valances^ oj gold silk edged with
coral pink, apple green furniture
and a profusion of summer flowers
bring color into this little Vic-
torian living room

When a porch is bounded by a
flower garden and the sea it is ad-
visable to keep the furnishings
simple in design and low in color
tones

House & Garden

' '

-- :*

The house and garden walls are built of local stone
covered with a cream colored whitewash. This
wall surface is enriched by a decorative porch of
wrought iron and wood and by iron and wooden
trellises projecting from under the second story win-
dows and curving downward

HOME o/
MRS. B. F. PEPPER,
CHESTNUT HILL,
PHILADELPHIA

WILLIN7G & SIMS

Architects

(Left) The dining room ter-
race ends in a high wall brok-
en by an arched opening and
curved to meet the pavement.
A lattice supports vines

The open loggia or terrace is
paved with stone and treated
in the Italian manner, with a
fountain in the center and a
multitude of potted plants

May, 1922

From the last quarter of the 6th Century A. D comes this fragment of a coin girdle.
to the Byzantine period and is artfully wrought in gold with inserts of gold

It belongs
coins

COLLECTING THE COINS OF YESTERDAY

There Is More to the Enthusiasm of the Numismatist Than the
Mere Accumulation of Strange and Pretty Moneys

GARDNER TEALL

WITH coins, as with
books, china, almost
every collectable
thing, it is not merely the
getting together, hit or miss,
of a vast number of speci-
mens that counts. It is, in-
stead, the intelligent exer-
cise of the acquisitive pur-
suit that broadens one's cul-
ture and leads one to that
truer pleasure known only
to those whose hobbies are
harnessed with knowledge.
In Robert Louis Steven-
son's "Travels w i t h a
Donkey" there appears this
passage in the chapter of
"A Night Among the
Pines": "I had been most
hospitably received and
punctually served in my
green caravanserai. The
room was airy, the water ex-
cellent, and the dawn had
called me to a moment. I
say nothing of the tapestries
or the inimitable ceiling,
nor yet of the view which I commanded
from the windows; but I felt I was in some
one's debt for all this liberal entertainment.
And so it pleased me, in a half-laughing
way, to leave pieces of money on the turf
as I went along, until I had left enough
for my night's lodging."

I suppose, a century from now, someone

The use of coins,
lion in a people.

instead of barter and exchange, usually marks the awakening of civiliza-
Minting, consequently, is an ancient art. Here we see hand die-stamp-
ing in an early 17 'th Century mint

in Southern France will
discover one of these coins
and treasure it as a curios-
ity, never guessing who
placed it there until, per-
chance, some erudite anti-
quarian and some equally
erudite old bibliophile put
their heads together and an-
nounce, in the session of a
learned society, their re-
markable theory connecting
the find with the extraordi-
nary confession of a certain
19th Century novelist, es-
sayist and poet, one Robert
Louis Stevenson.

Stevenson said that "it
is perhaps a more fortunate
destiny to have a taste for
collecting shells than to be
born a millionaire. Al-
though neither is to be des-
pised, it is always better
policy to learn an interest
than to make a thousand
pounds; for the money will
soon be spent, or perhaps

you may feel no joy in spending it; but the
interest remains imperishable and ever new.
To become a botanist, a geologist, a social
philosopher, an antiquary, or an artist, is
to enlarge one's possessions in the universe
by an incalculably higher degree, and by
a far surer sort of property, than to pur-
(Continued on page 88)

It is a far cry from the magnificent

machinery in our modern mints to

these simple coin presses and dies

of the nth Century

Greek coins offer a wide field
for the beginning -collector
and at sales they fetch prices
which are not considered
prohibitive. These are early

Greek coins, it has been said,
are the grammar of Greek
art. In them we_ may trace
the steps oj its gradual
development up from archaic

House &• Garden

Bridle? & Mvrrlll

Quite apart from the decorative value of the objects used, one should keep the decorations simple
and balanced. For a large table one may use such an arrangement as this — a late \Tth Century
Italian alabaster ornament with Italian pottery fruit dishes at each end. Decorations from Wood,

Edey &• Slayter

DECORATING

THE

TABLE

There Is a Distinct Art in Arranging the Table for Luncheon or Dinner, Although the

Rules for it Are Very Simple

EMILY BURBANK

A TABLE beautifully set for
any meal in such a manner
as to make those gathered
about it glad to be there is the
achievement of a wise and thought-
ful hostess. She may be merely
setting the stage for the pleasure
of her own household or creating
an unusual effect for some dis-
tinguished guest.

A. center-piece of white crystal
flowers and green glass leaves is
balanced by 17th Century bronze
figures. Gold ivy leaves are used
in combination

It is not a mysterious rite, this
act of accomplishing beautiful
table decoration. Try it. Start
with two rules. First let the ar-
rangement be simple and balanced
and never fail to make it look like
your table. This is accomplished
by using your pet china, glass, lace,
linen or flowers, some variety of
which vour friends have come to

This attractive luncheon table
owes its pleasing effect to the
balance of its arrangement. The
salt cellars are antique silver, the
plates Italian pottery

May, 1922

Unless candles are very high, they should be shaded. The

alabaster figures here are copies of antiques and flowers

provide the note of color

Such a miniature alabaster fountain makes a delightful dec-
oration especially if surrounded by tiny palms in graceful
jars and flanked by a pair of slim white candlesticks

associate with you. This gives the personal
touch, the note of individuality that is the first
requisite of any decoration.

A little experimenting will prove that the
arranging of inanimate objects in an effective
manner is one of the most satisfactory efforts
in house decoration. It may be
you have a gift for this sort of
thing or are merely very observing
and have learned to make your
table a thing of beauty in a dozen
different ways. In either case has
come the knowledge that a table
beautifully set need not be one
upon which much money has been
expended.

The immense advance made in
taste recently with regard to house
decoration has directed the eye
and mind to the setting of a table

An exquisite center-piece of
Venetian glass has a central fig-
ure and cupids of cream col-
ored Wedgwood made to hold
natural or fragile glass flowers

as a feature quite independent of the food to
be served. One has only to experiment and
see how an attractive arrangement will cheer
up a group of people and at once stimulate
conversation.

The art of making beautiful the table upon

which a meal is to be served is as old as civili-
zation. Ancient frescoes, carvings on stone
old paintings and ancient books written dowr
by hand long before printing was invented
with their quaint illustrations, show us table;
set with ornamental dishes and vessels so placec
in relation to one another as tc
present the appearance of bal-
anced arrangement. This art ol
decorating tables for meals was
carried to such a point of perfec-
tion in the 16th, 17th and 18th
Centuries that today we are going
back to those old models foi
ideas. These centuries represent
the splendid age of art when the
wealth}- nobility of each country
employed great artists of the time
to design their household articles
(Continued on page 86)

Antique yellow brocade, deep
blue vases filled with brilliant
glass flowers, yellow birds and
silver luster plates make this
table one of enchanting color

House & Garden

Nymphaeas add the final
touch to the water feature. Ij
the right varieties are chosen
they will yield flowers from
early summer until frost

In planting, spaces of open-
water should be planned
which will mirror the sky, the
trees and the planting which
lies along the pool's margin

Whatever planting is done
around the pool should be
simple and not too dense.
Irises are excellent here, and
cat-tails with their ribbon
leaves to lend height

May, 1922

CONSIDER

THE

WATER

LILY

It Will Abundantly Repay Whatever Space and Attention You Give to It —
How to Fit It into Your Own Particular Garden

HAROLD H. SCUDDER

PERHAPS the most re-
markable fact about
water lilies and other
aquatic garden plants is that
the average and otherwise well-
informed flower lover knows
nothing about them. This
ignorance, moreover, is by no
means confined to amateurs.
Not long ago a professional
florist, who has had many
years of experience in various
countries of Europe and in
many parts of the United
States, came into my garden to
see my water poppies which
were then in bloom.

"Very pretty. Very pretty,
indeed," was his comment.
"But," he added, "I know
nothing of aquatics."

The purpose of this article
is to dispel, if possible, some
of this darkness, and to make
clear that it is just as easy to
grow aquatics as terrestrial
plants, and fully as worth
while. There are today in
America so many iris, rose,
peony and gladiolus enthusi-
asts that they have organized
themselves into vigorous socie-
ties, and there will be a water lily society as
soon as it becomes generally known that to
grow water lilies is as easy as to grow phlox.

The possibilities in picturesque effect
through the introduction of
water into any landscape gar-
dening plan need hardly be
mentioned. A view, judicious-
ly planned, includes a portion
of stream or lake, whenever
such inclusion is possible.
Mount Vernon would not be
Mount Vernon had the house
been faced the other way.
What is equally true, but not
so generally obvious, is the fact
that water gains its most cer-
tain triumphs when the plan
into which it is introduced is
at least semi-formal, and the
body itself is relatively small
and frankly artificial. It is
fortunate that this is so, for
almost anyone can achieve a
pool, while almost no one can
command a Potomac.

A very simple plan and yet
one of the most effective is a
rectangular garden, bounded
by beds of perennials, its long
axis beginning at the foot of a
few steps, or at an arch, or

The water garden
does not have to be
large. In a space the
size of a barrel you
can grow Nymphaea
Marliacea albida, daz-
zling white with a
golden center

William Stone is on
of the tender water

lilies, bearing magnifi-

cent purple blossoms
from 5" to 7" in di-

ameter. It cannot be

grown successfully in
tubs

The water garden should be prepared well before
If tubs are used it is essential that they be water-
all at the same depth. They may consist of heavy

the roots are due to arrive.
tight, set perfectly level and
barrels, cut down one-third

both, terminating in seat,
summerhouse or sundial, and
bisecting at its center, or some-
where in its more distant half,
a rectangular pool. Modifica-
tions and elaborations are in-
finite, but the effect is invari-
ably the same. In each the
water is the lure. To it, irre-
sistibly and straightway, are
drawn all who enter, and to
whom forever after a garden
without water is a garden but
half made.

The reason that most gar-
dens are waterless is due to the
mistaken notion of most gar-
deners that where stream or
pond is absent no water is
available. Yet no stream or
pond is needed. Running
water is not only unnecessary,
but is usually positively unde-
sirable. All that is needed is
a shallow receptacle to hold
water. The liquid itself may
be brought in buckets or bar-
rels and turned in. After that
it will only be necessary to re-
plenish the losses caused by
evaporation.

Xor will the lily pool re-
quire a very great quantity of water, for it is
only 2' deep. The lily roots are set in boxes
or baskets of earth, the boxes placed in the
desired positions, and the water poured in.
When winter comes the pool
is boarded over and covered
with enough leaves to prevent
the water's freezing clear down
to the roots themselves. In
other words, unless the ice is
more than 1' thick the plants
are safe. If the grower is in
doubt he may bury his roots
well below the frost line, each
in a pocket of sand and cov-
ered with a stone by way of
protection when he digs them
up again in the spring. I have
tried both methods in New
Hampshire with complete suc-
cess. The burying method in-
volves, however, replanting
each spring, and a much de-
layed and generally less sat-
isfactory blossoming season.

If the lily pool is artificial
it may be made of cement, re-
inforced with wire fencing, or
of brick, or it may be simply
a tar, oil, or other heavy bar-
rel, shorn of its upper third
(Continued on page 128)

House & Garden

If slip covers fit properly and are made of some colorful fabric striking in design, a country house

living room will be often quite as effective as the more jormal city interior. Above is an interesting

use of stripes, the cover fitting smoothly and fastening in the back

TAILORED SLIP COVERS FOR THE COUNTRY HOUSE

Oj Colorful Chintz and Well-Fitting, They Are Vastly Superior
to the Unshapely Brown Holland Affairs of Yesterday

P. T. FRANKL

IN all the many details which go towards
furnishing one's house, it is not so much
a matter of what we do as how we do it.
With sufficient inspiration and knowledge the
most utilitarian necessity can be "sublimated"
as the psychoanalysts say, into
interesting and delightful dec-
oration.

At the mention of slip covers,
many people instinctively
shrink, imagining ghostly draw-
ing rooms swathed in shapeless
bags of Holland. But those
who are "in the know" immedi-
ately conjure up suggestions of
delightful, well-fitted chintz
covers, gaily recalling all the
flowers of spring, and trans-
forming winter rooms into sum-
mer ones so simply and quietly
that Aladdin's lamp still seems
to be in working order. But
just as flowers are at their best
when deftly arranged by a
practiced hand, so the pictured

flowers and figured fabrics must be adroitly
managed to obtain the best results. To cover
all the furniture and curtains of a large formal
drawing room in no matter how delightful a
chintz, is a disastrous experiment.

(Left) A cover in
keeping with the
Chinese character of
this Chippendale
chair is made to slip
on and fits snugly.
The points edged
with colored beads
are interesting

A cover to slip over
the seat of a dining
room chair might be
piped in a contrast-
ing color and tied
an at the corners
with cords of the
same shade

Balance and proportion are obtained by a
careful combination of plain and figured ma-
terials, selected in harmonious contrasts. Plain
greens are always cool in suggestion, and ac-
centuate the beauty of a flowered material in
naturalistic coloring. A quaint
toile de Jouy on a twine colored
ground is made more interesting
by leaving some of the furniture
in the plain tone of the design,
and there are so many attractive
plain materials to select from.
Mercerized repps, linens and a
whole family of sunfast stuffs
are sure to give the right note of
plain color. Plain glazed chintz
is not a wise choice for slip
covers since it is impossible to
avoid rumpling it in the making.
In this day of practical
economics, the duties of slip
covers are legion. The June
bride selects the furniture for
her first nest, has it delivered in
(Continued on page 86)

May, 1 922

A LITTLE PORTFOLIO OF GOOD INTERIORS

Great care and thought should be given the decoration
of a hall as here one gains the first impression oj a home.
There should be a certain amount oj dignity as well as
a suggestion of the character of the rest of the house.
When an interior is planned on such noble proportions
as this, a more or less formal and balanced arrangement
of furniture is advisable. The graceful arched opening,
the beautifully spaced paneling and the high ceiling de-

mand furniture equally ample in proportions and rela-
tive in she to the spaces to be occupied. Here the chairs
and interesting old chests, sturdy oj contour and ad-
mirably adapted to an interior of this kind, are placed
along the side wall so as not to interfere with the sweep
oj space in the center. Large rugs are preferable to
groups of smaller ones and if good orientals are used,
they will go far towards bringing in color and interest

House & Garden

II art ing

Cream woodwork and silver tea-chest paper form the background jor

this living room in the home of K. W. McNeil, Bridgeport, Ct. Curtains

arc oj blue and cream striped taffeta

(Below) Buff walls, hangings of striped rose, black and yellow silk, a

colorful chintz in a Chinese design and early American furniture are

used in the Colonial Bridgeport home of H. B. Stoddard

I 111

-* j*

A 1

esi

«*

TF&V&f.

May, 1922

The dining room in the McNeil house is paneled and painted blue-green.

Curtains are gold and green striped taffeta, the carpet blue-green and

the chair seats striped gold mohair

The Stoddard dining room has tan striped paper, a black chintz with

bright jntits, and blue gauze curtains. The arched cabinets are blue

inside. Mrs. Gillette Nichols, decorator of both houses

m
I

•HI

House & Garden

A CLASSICAL COUNTRY HOUSE of the 17th CENTURY

Aspley House, Attributed to Sir Christopher Wren, Shows Diverting Uses
of Brick and Other Architectural Details

H. D. EBERLEIN

OXE ready means of
escape from the
stereotyped respect-
ability and dullness of
much of our modern coun-
try house architecture is to
go back and study some of
the earlier examples of the
Classic School. Of this
early source Aspley House
at Appley Guise in Bed-
fordshire, England, is an
admirable instance of 17th
Century domestic architec-
ture. Quite apart from
other considerations its at-
tribution to Sir Christopher
Wren — an attribution which
there is every reason to be-
lieve correct — invests it
with additional interest as
that master's domestic work,
so far as the majority of
people are concerned, has
been quite overshadowed by
his achievements of a pub-
lic nature.

Now, one thing that im-
parts charm to domestic
architecture, as it also does
to the people we meet, is
evidence of little unexpected
touches of individuality,
touches that carry with
them a certain piquancy and
render a house quite dis-
tinct from others of its type.
It is not necessary, indeed
it is not at all desirable,
that these individual touches
should be eccentric. Rather
should they be always ra-
tional but, at the same
time, they should indicate
spontaneity on the part of
the architect and his readi-
ness to treat with lively and
appropriate invention some
individual peculiarity of the
subject he is dealing with.

Just such pleasing invention is found in As-
pley House. The south or entrance front is
treated soberly. It is genial in tone and not
lacking in indications of original interest, but it
maintains a becoming reserve towards the ap-
proaching stranger. Here the red brick wall is
of Flemish bond and, apart from the satisfying
proportions, the embellishment consists of an
entrance porch adorned with an interrupted
pediment and vigorously carved consoles, a
belt course of slight projection between the first
and second floors, and a circular window in the
wall of the pediment.

Going to the other side of the house, how-
ever, we find quite a different treatment. This

An arched cellar
entrance, superim-
posed Palladian
windows, brick laid
in header bond
and glass-cheeked
dormers are among
the unusual fea-
tures of the gar-
den front

north or garden front bears
some striking evidence of
architectural pleasantry.

One cannot help being
forcibly struck by this utter
difference in composition
between the entrance side
and the garden side. The
central projection of the en-
trance side, with its door-
way and flanking windows,
corresponds with the
breadth of the stone-paved
hall inside, while the wall
spaces on each side are
broad enough for only two
windows. The narrow cen-
tral projection of the north
front, corresponding to the
width of the stair-hall
within, leaves the wall
spaces on each side broad
enough for three windows.
The arched cellar entrance
has been made a thing of
beauty and interest and the
Palladian windows, in
their rather unusual man- .
ner of repetition, supply ;
abundant light to the stair-
case landing. The whole
composition thus effords
many exceptionally divert-
ing features.

Most of the brickwork of
the north front is laid in all-
header bond, as compared
with the Flemish bond
on the other side of the
house, and the bricks range
from black to dark blue and
gray. The lintels are of
red rubbed brick, and this
pleasing alternation of color
is carried right up to the
top of the chimney which
interrupts the cornice of the
sharp angled pediment.

The blank east wall is of
red brick laid in Flemish
bond, but its field is diversified by countersunk
panels, to give the interest of fenestration, and
ingeniously placed so as to convey the effect of
pilasters at the corners.

On the east side also is an interesting Palla-
dian dormer. It should likewise be noted that
the other dormers have glass cheeks, a device
which admits a maximum of light.

Another feature of Aspley House is the
ramped wall bounding the garden on the
north and enclosing it from a road. The
treatment of the gate in this wall is a bit of
masterly composition, dignified with brick
pillars capped with stone balls and with shal-
low brick niches on each side.

The detail of these
garden front doors
is simple and dig-
nified and the ar-
rangement of lights
both in the door
and above it is
harmonious and
carries the proper
balance

Mav, 1922

In the manner of many
English country places,
the property is sur-
rounded by a high wall
and the entrance is
elaborated by brick pil-
lars and an arched gate-
way with shallow niches
to right and left

The entrance side is quite
different from the garden
front. The brick is laid
in Flemish bond, the cen-
tral projection is wider,
and there is a belt course
between the first and sec-
ond floors

Apart from the round window
in the wall oj the pediment the
entrance front is soberly devoid
of decorative detail, except in
one instance — the carved brac-
kets of the door, depicting
cherubs

The feature of the wall, apart
from the gate, is the ramped
effect produced by the wall lines
following the contour of the
garden inside. The bricks fol-
low this contour and are laid
in panels

House & Garden

THE CREATION OF HYBRID PLANTS

How New Varieties of Flowers, Shrubs and Trees Are Brought About
and Developed into True and Fixed Forms

WE often see the word "hybrid" used in
books and periodicals touching on
gardening, in nurserymen's and florists'
catalogs, and in horticultural discussions.
Yet it has seldom been brought before the
lovers of gardens just what hybrids are, how
they have been created and produced, or what
hybridization means generally. We may,
therefore, rightfully wonder where all the new
varieties seen annually in our horticultural
markets originate.

Our most valued varieties of garden plants,
bulbs, vegetables, shrubs, trees, evergreens, etc.,
do not grow wild, but have been developed from
inferior and uncultivated kinds. A great many
of our flower garden favorites have been im-
proved from their wild state to a degree which
would render their relationship unrecognizable
or unsuspected were it not for our horticultural
records. In looking back, we find in our old
books on gardening and horticulture cuts of
some of our favorites, such as the larkspur,
sweet pea, daisy, etc., etc., and we see that these
have been improved to almost double the size of
the ones grown in the early part of the last cen-
tury. Our records are somewhat vague as to
the origin and age of many of our best flowers,
or the exact year that some of them appeared
on the market or in our gardens. We also
find that many of the old-fashioned varieties
have been eliminated and are now unobtain-
able, as newer kinds have taken their places.
Therefore, it is a matter of constant progres-
sion and elimination. This advancement in
creating new kinds has been greatly stimulated
through the knowledge we have acquired from
the writings of our earlier biologists and plant-
breeders, whose theories and experiments have
taught us what we can and cannot expect in
creating new hybrids.

THE word hybrid as commonly used
means the product resulting from the
crossing of two specific kinds, and
hybridization is to produce a hybrid through
inter-breeding or cross-fertilizing. To do this
we must be guided by experience and observa-
tion, rather than by scientific knowledge.
There is practically no certainty in hybridi-
zation, neither are we able to set forth positive
laws or predict a hybrid, and then by means
of cross-fertilizing produce an ideal variety.

Some plants have been found among certain
varieties, particularly the perennials and an-
nuals, which displayed excellent qualities and
have been constant and true from the very be-
ginning. These changes from the parent group
may be attributed to natural cross-fertilization,
and are multiplied through cuttings or layers,
or the original plant may be divided. Such
plants are called chance seedlings. These
cases, however, are rare, and are greatly looked
forward to by horticulturists.

It was, therefore, left primarily to mankind

RALPH MORNINGTON

to originate new varieties and improve others,
and in order to do this we must rely on the
three known methods: preservation of sports,
selection of variations, and pollination. These
three methods may be explained as follows:

Preservation of sports means the repro-
duction by cuttings, grafts or budding of
branches, shoots, or parts of a plant that ex-
hibit or are the result of spontaneous variation
of the normal type upon which they grow. It
is unknown how these sports originated or the
cause of a plant exhibiting them. It has, how-
ever, invariably been found that if a sport
is multiplied through the methods just de-
scribed it will be true to the original; for ex-
ample, the red or copper beeches, familiar
lawn trees, originated through the appearance
of a single red-leaved branch discovered on
an American beech that was multiplied through
grafting. The cut-leaved hazel-nut came to us
through a natural sport found on the common
hazel-nut tree.

The foregoing is true not only in ornamental
trees or shrubs, but also in fruit trees, as for
instance the navel orange, which is seedless
and can be distinguished by the small acces-
sory orange in its upper end. This originated
from a sport branch found on an ordinary
orange tree, and has been preserved and mul-
tiplied through grafting. If the sports cannot
be preserved through layers, cuttings, budding
or grafting, they cannot be multiplied, as seeds
appearing on them will produce only the
original form.

The appearance of a shoot or branch
originating on the lower portion of a stem, or
a sprout arising on the root near the trunk
of certain trees, as in maples, poplars, etc., or
in shrubs, should not be mistaken for a sport;
nor the rapidly growing, erect shoots on an
apple or pear tree, which are commonly known
as suckers and are worthless and detrimental
to the parent tree.

SELECTION of variations means the
elimination rather than the development
of a variety. Experience and experiments
have proved that many plants of the same
variety, growing side by side, present many
differences or variations in color, appearance
or size.

This variation may be hereditary, but under
constant selection and elimination in the use
of their seeds in growing the next plant, and
through extensive cultivation, there may re-
sult in time a variety in which a given feature
is more prominent and constant than in the
original form. If we assemble the plants or
seeds according to the highest degree of quality,
color, appearance looked for, we have estab-
lished a method of improvement by selection
of variations, thereby promoting the develop-
ment of new varieties. This method is com-
monly used in certain groups of our perennials

and annuals. While extensive cultivation
alone will not bring forth a new variety, it is
through selection of the desired variation, com-
bined with extensive cultivation, that we may
perfect and attain the result looked for.

POLLINATION is primarily concerned
with the essential organs of the flower.
It means the transferring or supplying
of pollen from the anther to the stigma, whethei
such transfer occurs within the flower itself, oj
by the aid of insects, wind or artificial methods,

The anthers or male part of the flower ap-
pear generally on the end of the stamen. They
are thread-like stalks on which the pollen sacks
are found. They can readily be distinguished
in our Easter lilies. The pollen, when ripe,
has a dust-like appearance and a color from
creamy white to deep orange. Under micro-
scopic observation it is a grain.

The stigma is the female or seed-bearing
organ of the flower, and with the ovary and
style forms the pistil. The form and location
of the stigma vary in flowers ; it may be located
in the upper part of the style and have a knoh
or club-shaped appearance. In other cases
the stigma takes the form of a ring divided
into cells. In all cases, successful and complete
fertilization requires that the pollen must only
be deposited on the surface of the stigma, when
this is covered with a sticky secretion to insure
the lodgment, adhesions and nutrition of the
pollen.

In a great number of plants the organs are
found in separate flowers or on different plants.
A number of plants go through the process oi
self-fertilization, that is within the flower
itself. The offspring of such plants is likely
to be inferior.

Through cross-fertilization — that is, nol
with a flower from the same plant, but between
flowers of different plants, of different colors,
types and varieties — we can obtain new
hybrids. This method has been universally
used by our botanists and plant breeders in
improving and creating new hybrids and
varieties.

AS the first method used in creating new
kinds is hardly adaptable to perennials
and annuals, and the second method
somewhat slow, we must rely mainly on the
process of pollination. A brief resume of the
theory, law and experiments will suffice before
we take up the question of how it is done.

The theory and subsequent observations by
our earlier biologists tell us that continued
self-fertilization is apt to result in inferior off-
spring, and that cross-fertilization between
flowers is more variable, as the offspring would
be the result of the union of two unlike parents.
Charles Darwin in 1859 clearly proved that.
While 'Darwin and other biologists worked
(Continued on page 128)

May, 1922

INSECT ENEMIES OF ORNAMENTAL TREES

Their Detection, Dangers and Control as Outlined by the
State Entomologist of New York

E. P. FELT

A WELL grown tree is
an ornament to the
landscape and an in-
spiration to all tree lovers.
It requires a generation or
more for many trees to
reach their prime, yet they
are frequently disfigured
or killed by insects within
a few years.

Insect pests may be di-
vided for practical pur-
poses into borers, leaf eat-
ers and sucking forms.
There are very destructive
pests in each group and
one of the first requisites
is to distinguish between
the injurious and those of
relatively little importance.
Most insect injury occurs
upon the common shade
trees and methods of ser-
vice with these are fre-
quently of equal value in
the control of depredations
upon the less common or-
namentals.

Borers are among the
most insidious enemies of
trees, since their operations
are mostly in the wood and
largely hidden from ob-
servation. These pests at-
tack various parts of dif-
ferent trees, though for-
tunately comparatively few
cause serious damage. The
latter work in living tis-
sues and attack the tree at
some vital point, such as
the trunk or the lower por-
tion of the larger branches, and even then
the borings are largely in the vital cambium,
the inner bark and outer sap wood.

The sugar maple borer is comparatively
unknown, yet it has disfigured or killed
thousands of noble trees. The first signs

HMRBEM&

strips the foliagf
from soft maple
trees and serious-
ly injures them

White marked tus-
sock moth co-
coons, the upper
one showing a
wingless female
and a partly de-
posited egg mass
attached to the
cocoon

of injury are seen at the
base of the limbs in late
Bummer as small, bleeding,
discolored areas from the
centers of which hang
particles of "saw-dust."
The nearly full grown
borer has the pernicious
habit of running a gallery
in the cambium layer
obliquely part way around
the tree or branch, thus
effectually girdling that
portion of it. The injury
is followed in many cases
by slow dying, both above
and below the burrow and
may result in the death of
half of a badly affected
tree.

The leopard moth is a
borer with a marked pref-
erence for soft maple,
though it is commonly
found in a large number
of trees and shrubs and
occasionally destroys large
trees or even rows of
trees. The young borers
work in midsummer in the
smaller twigs, causing
wilting tips. Later they
migrate to the larger
branches and may eventu-
ally produce hideous
scars in the trunks of even good sized
trees. The larger borers weaken branches
1" to 2" in diameter in such a way that
many of them break and hang from partly
severed stubs.

It is important to recognize the early work
of borers. Young sugar maple borers should
be cut out at once and small twigs infested
by leopard moth caterpillars removed and
burned. Timely, systematic work along these
lines will do much to control these insects.
(Continued on page 136)

The larger specimens of leopard moth borer

weaken the branches so that many of them

break. These pests show a marked preference

for soft maple trees

Decay follows
close upon the
work of the sugar
maple borer. Here
are shown some
old galleries made
in the wood by
these destructivt
grubs

House &• Garden

;..***"• s. . " %""•.. :•;''*%
."I-- ,fr*^,. V' ^--'

The slope of the
land permitted two
levels, the lower
built of concrete, the
upper shingled. A
retaining wall pro-
tects the old trees
that shadow the
house on this south-
ern exposure

(Below) Large win-
dows are in the bed-
rooms and through-
out the house, with
the screen arranged
inside. Walls are
matched boards
stained gray. The
jurniture is painted
the same

Two tones of gray
are used in the liv-
ing room jurniture
and floor. Other-
wise the scheme is
vivid blue, orange,
purple, black and
green. Decorations
by the A r t cr a j t
Shops

All the beds and
tables were made by
the carpenter and
the chairs and stools
in the mountains of
South Carolina.
Colors chosen from
the curtain fabric
are used to decorate
them

t^^^r^
,^^-*

**"

May, 1922

•From the porch end one can see the trees around which the roof is

built in places. The wing to the left contains the kitchen and maid's

room. From this front porch the bank drops away forty feet to the

level of the lake. It commands the view shown below

In designing a camp such as this the plan will very much de-
pend upon the contour of the site, unless one can afford to do
a lot of grading, and too much grading in a property such as
this is undesirable. Consequently the plan is irregular, but all
rooms have cross ventilation and command a view

The

SUMMER CAMP
OF ROBERT HAWLEY

CHRISTMAS LAKE
MINNESOTA

The woods on the
property hav e been
carefully cleared of un-
der brus h and dead
trees, thereby opening
vistas from the win-
dows and the porch, al-
lowing for the play of
cooling winds and
warm shafts of sunlight
and framing such views
as this

, 1 -%T

House & Garden

»fl
. Ll

•ffitt

o/ i/ie charm of the terrace garden lies in
the fact that though it is laid out formally the
planting is informal. The geometric shape of the
beds, the box edgings, the uncompromising direct-
ness of the brick pavements are all softened and
humanized by the irregularity of the height, color
and form of the familiar flowers — peonies and
phlox, rudbeckia, archillea and hottyhocks. The
ivy-covered walls of the house form a background
for the colors of this terrace

> f !

r ^

;«^ra
1^

VIEWS in the GARDEN

of
GEORGE EASTMAN

ROCHESTER, N. Y.
ALLING s. DEFOREST

Landscape Architect

At the north end of the vegetable garden is a
grape arbor. Its brick pavement is edged with
turf and the beds on each side contain foxgloves
and other shade-loving plants. The use of so
architectural an arbor for grapes is not common,
but it is harmonious with the design of the gar-
den. The bend of the path between this arbor
and the one beyond offers a pleasant relief from
the straight lines of these two structures

May, 1922

The role of vines in the
garden picture can be seen
by comparing this early
view of the house and ter-
race garden with the later
photograph shown oppo-
site. In the foreground is
a healthy colony of the
old-fashioned and showy
gas plant or dittany
Dictamnus fraxinella

A broad pergola forms one
side of the terrace garden.
Wild grape, akebia and
wistaria vines make it a
shady bower. Between the
columns stand huge pots
of hydrangeas. The col-
onnade in the background
connects the house with
the palm house. Between
these, two lies the lily pool

House & Garden

Stairs should be easy to ascend. This ease depends upon

the height of the risers, the width of the treads and upon

the position of the landings. All three are excellent in

this example

Harmony between the
curve of this handrail
and the slim wrought
iron of which it is made
has created a stairway of
beauty. Its angle also
solves the problem of
limited space in a re-
modeled city house. The
inner handrail is a prac-
tical idea. Butler & Corse,
architects

Curved free standing
stairs or stairs supported
on only one side have an
undeniable lightness and
grace. In this example
from a New York house
the stone steps are sur-
mounted by a wrought
iron balustrade and rail-
ing of great delicacy.
William F. Dominick,
architect

Where space permits, the
stairs can be confined in
a special "well," set apart
from the hallway. This
distinction is necessary
in some houses. Here it
is used in a small house,
the stairs being finished
with mahogany treads
and handrail. A wide
landing is created by the
turn of the stairs.
Dwight James Baum,
architect

May, 1922

In a -wide hall of Colonial design the double stairs are im--
mensely effective. A door can open beneath them and there is
usually space for closets on each side. Here the broad mahog-

any treads and railings give contrast to the white woodwork,
and with the Colonial entrance form an interesting archi-
tectural detail. W. H. Beers and F. C. Farley, architects

IF YOU ARE GOING TO BUILD

Stairs Must Be Considered Both for Their Structural and
Decorative Effect in the Well-Built House

MARY FANTON ROBERTS

IT is only a few centuries since a slender
ladder on the outside wall of the house
was the only connecting link from floor
to floor. Even in the latter part of the 18th
Century when the old palace of Malmaison
at Fontainebleau was made beautiful for
Napoleon and his Empress, there were no
hallways except the vestibule, and no general
stairways, only little iron spiral flights of
steps, leading from one story to another.
How did people in those old palaces achieve
any sort of repose? To reach that exquisite
Empire room where the unhappy Josephine
lived, it was necessary to pass through an
endless chain of magnificent ante-chambers,
even the Emperor's bedroom. And what sub-
tlety or reticence was left in life when the
Empress had to walk past dozens of her
friends and enemies, possibly just to powder
her nose or take a little beauty sleep, or
quietly contemplate the frailty of man.

Today it i* difficult for us to think of
houses without halls and interior stairs, just
as we cannot imagine living without tele-

"Dog gates" were a picturesque as well as a
practical feature of old English stairways, where
the stairs lead directly up from a banqueting hall

haps, however, the miracle of house design-
ing and building was more completely
realized in the history of the stairway than
in any other feature involved in the progress
of architecture. The most picturesque early
stairways were apparently developed to meet
certain sentimental phases of life, as the stair
ladders that led up the side of the ancient pue-
blos, which the Indian chiefs trod reverently as
they ascended to the flat roofs for their sun-
set prayers. Silently there the Medicine Men
with arms outstretched supplicated their gods
for those creature comforts which we today
seek at the corner grocery — seldom address-
ing the deities except in terms of reproach.
Of comparatively recent date are the little
lover's stairways found in the remote farm-
lands of Denmark. Usually these old farm-
houses were built of logs and in the summer
time the thatch roofs were covered with flow-
ers. The upper story which was little more
than an attic was occupied by the marriage-
able daughter of the house and only reached
by a ladder on the exterior house wall.

House & Garden

SHADOWY CORNERS

in
INFORMAL GARDENS

at
SNEEDEN'S LANDING, N. Y.

A garden built on a hillside offers
infinite possibilities. Native
stone taken from the hill can be
fashioned into terrace walls. Ce-
ment fountain and steps present
a contrast with the. wild growth
massed above. In this garden the
steps lead from a lower open
space filled with old-fashioned
flowers to a higher level where
there is a waterfall and behind
that the shadowy reaches of the
wood

Enclose a garden, and you create a
pleasant spot of repose. Even a fence
of rough cedar posts is enough to cut it
off from the bothersome world. Such is
the atmosphere of this garden. A cedar
trellis surrounds it and on the trellis
grape vines are being trained. The nar-

May, 1922

- "

. « . , .•• '•

•• ' V: • •.-*•

• „:•

/I garden is attractive
for its unexpected
contrasts. Close by,
delphiniums lift heav-
enly blue spikes in a
tangled mass. Yon-
der are a. quiet lawn
and hedges clipped to
conventional formal-
ity. Look up, and
the view is inter-
rupted by huge trees.
Beyond them are the
hills, with the Hudson
flowing placidly be-
tween

To be really appreci-
ated a vista must be
framed. It is the
framing of concrete
pillars and leafy roof
that gives this garden
gallery its unusual
charm . Here one
may sit and gaze
down on the broad,
peaceful reaches of
the Hudson. Far to
the south stretch the
unending roof tops

THE

House & Garden

ADVANTAGES OF THE OIL RANGE

For the Country House Lacking Gas or Electricity the Modern Oil
Stove Is Safe, Speedy and Serviceable

WHAT makes it possible to live in gas-
less, electricless, coal-less, transporta-
tionless places in gustatorial ease and
digestive comfort? The oil range. Not the
old-time messy oil stove, but the efficient, ca-
pacious oil range. In districts unopened to
modern improvements cooking is made a
pleasure rather than drudgery, with this
highly effective medium, so effective that noth-
ing that can be done on any other type of stove
need be omitted in the daily routine. It has
the maximum comfort and the minimum cost
and trouble. This range too need never be
lighted until wanted and can be "put to bed,"
immediately upon finishing the meal. So now
there need be no place where man can not have
his puddings, his breads, or his flap-jacks with
speed and finish.

The two most important types of oil stoves
with which it is worth your while to become
acquainted are the wick and the wickless
(kindler type). It is quite evident from their
descriptive titles that the former employs a
wick as heat carrier to the vessel in which is
the food; and the wickless has the kindler by
which the heat is carried to the food in a
different way.

ETHEL R. PEYSER

The wick oil range is a development born
directly of the lamp. It employs the round
wick and with it in its best form a long chim-
ney is used. This long draught chimney has
proven in the case of the lamp to make for
perfect combustion of the oil. Hence after
many years of trial and proof the wick stove
is developed to a delightful point of comfort
and utility. Speed, lack of odor and perfect
work, three necessities of any stove, are here
exemplified, to say nothing of longevity and
ease of upkeep.

You have probably used the heat from a
lamp chimney to light a cigarette or a match
or even to heat a curling iron? Well, this is
really the principle of the wick stove. This
heat has been harnessed and petted into cook-
ing usefulness by expert heat and stove
engineers.

The parts of the wick stove with which you
must be acquainted are few but important:

1. The burner

2. The wick

3. Flame spreader

4. Brass wick tulx- (a fine feature, in that
it is of brass)

5. Clamp set screw.

There are a number of
kinds of oil heaters for
hot water. This three-
burner type is set up
beside the boiler at a
height convenient for
observation, wick ad-
justment and cleaning.
Courtesy of the Cleve-
land Metal Products
Co.

For a large family
comes this five-burner
range with back and
shelf above, 64l/2" long.
An oven can be placed
over two of the flames,
leaving the others free
for work. Courtesy of
the Cleveland Metal
Products Co.

May, 1922

£=1, .-•

T A e wickless o i I
range carries the
heat directly to the
cooking vessel. The
stove is lighted by
applying a match to
a kindler, an asbes-
tos ring lying in the
burner bowl on top.
This furnishes heat
and starts the va-
porizing of the gas.
Courtesy of the
Central Oil & Gas
Stove Co.

6. Hand wheel to adjust screw

7. Little mica door which opens in chimney
instead of having to pull off the chimney as
you do in lighting a lamp.

All you have to do then is apply the match
and touch off the wick at several places. Then
lower the wick until the flame is even.

To extinguish the flame, turn the little wheel
to the left. Never blow it out. This blowing
out of the flame causes all sorts of irregulari-
ties and real troubles.

The oil range is supplied in the best types
by gravity conduit. That is to say that the
oil flows from a reservoir into the burner, and
as the oil is consumed the fresh oil flows down
and takes its place, so there can never be the
overflow to cause fires or odors. These reser-
voirs are of glass and in one case the manu-
facturer has a service of reservoirs which sup-
' plies the consumer with a rack of three filled
reservoirs, which in turn replaces the emptied
one. This obviates entirelv the need of the

cook to pour oil in the reservoir or in fact
know she is using oil ! The reservoirs of
course are delivered and called for, if you are
in reach of a dealer. Where this service is
impossible to be had the pouring of the oil into
the tank is simpler than simple. It is no more
difficult than pouring milk into a glass. In
truth the reservoir is mechanically adjusted
and filled with oil — the human being but its
guide and beneficiary.

The heat wanted in the wick stove depends
on your culinary need and consequently on
how high or how low you turn the wick. Very
often it means when the flame burns low when
it should burn high that the wick needs clean-
ing. Don't blame the mechanism. It is diffi-
cult to say how often you need to buy a wick
or how often it should be cleaned, as it de-
pends very much on the quality of the oil that
you have to use. Some kerosene is charry and
some more free from impurities than other
kinds of kerosene

Here are some points to observe if you want
good results.

1. If there is a gap in the flame, the wick needs
cleaning. There should be a continuous
round fence enclosing the burner around
the flame spreader. Or it may mean the
wick is up against the flame spreader.

2. Be sure that the wick is not up against the
flame spreader after lighting, because it

The service outfit, which obviates
handling the oil, can be filled and de-
livered by a dealer. Courtesy of the

Among the many oil stove ovens on the

market is this type for two burners,

which has a one-motion locking device

on the handle

will prevent the air from passing through
the center of the brass wick tube and cause
over-heating of burner and a murky flame.

3. The flame when high should show white
points above the blue body of the flame.
These white points should be about 1)4"
for perfect combustion. That means that
there will be no odor and that you will get
all the heat you need and no waste of fuel.

4. The flame has lost its usefulness when the
line of demarcation between the white and
the blue is gone. The flame will begin to
smoke, the burner be over-heated, the cook-
ery under-heated, and odors and smudge
will be the result. Here again the human
equation comes in. Use your eyes effec-
tively.

5. Cleaning wicks is done by removing
the chimney even as you do in cleaning

House & Garden

WINDOW-LEDGE GARDENING THE YEAR AROUND

By Taking Due Thought and Care the Windows of the House Can Be Kept Filled
with Growing Plants Through All the Seasons

JOSEPH H. SPERRY

TO have gardens on our window-
ledges throughout the four sea-
sons, whatever point of the com-
pass they may face, is quite possible.
But to make this potentiality a reality,
we must be willing to learn the condi-
tions necessary to success, and to make
these conditions the basis of our win-
dow-ledge gardening.

The first question which confronts us
is what kind of box to use to contain
the plants. Boxes made of wood are,
perhaps, most used, and possess many
advantages. Plants thrive in these:
they are inexpensive, and easily con-
structed of a size to fit the window-
ledge. They may be painted green to
match the color of the vines trailing
over their sides, or other color to match
the color of the house or harmonize
with it. They may be painted and
sanded, when used on the window-
ledge of a concrete or stone house; or
given a rustic appearance by covering
their sides with pieces of cedar, white
birch branches or bark, or with pieces

.-1 variation of the usual window box planting is the addi-
tion of a small lattice on which vines can grow, forming a
higher and more substantial screen than plants alone

of gnarled branches or roots of mountain lau-
rel. Boxes may be made of concrete or cast
stone, plain or ornamented with appropriate
designs.

Sometimes boxes are made of tiles arranged

window frames in such a position that the
hooks may lie caught into the screw eyes which
are in the ends of the box. Another method is
to turn a long thick screw from the inside of
each end of the box outward into the upright

in panels, and ornamented with figures of part of the window frame. W?hen the ledge
plants in colors. Ornamented
tile boxes have copper corner
pieces and their edges are fin-
ished with the same metal.

Inexpensive boxes are often
made of galvanized sheet iron
or steel. These are usually
painted.

Of whatever material we
construct our window-ledge
boxes, we make them 6" to 8"
or if possible 8" to 10" wide
and of the same depth, and of
such a length that they fit
snugly on the ledge outside our
windows. Several j//' holes
should be in the bottom of each
box to provide drainage. A
piece of broken flower pot
placed over each before the
box is filled will keep the soil
from clogging the openings.

Having placed the boxes,
we fasten them there so secure-
ly that they cannot possibly
fall off. Sometimes this is
done by using strong steel
hooks and eyes. Two eyes are
screwed into each end of the
box and the two eyes which are
attached to the hooks are
screwed into the outside of the

The box should fill the window-ledge from end to end. A width and depth of

6 to 10" will give good root room and permit the growing of a variety of

well selected flowers, foliage plants and vines

slants outward we place a strip of
wood, reaching lengthwise from end to
end, on the outer edge of the ledge, .
so that the box, when placed, may stand
level. Boxes in upper story windows
we set in iron trays galvanized and
painted to catch any water dripping
from the boxes.

If one lives in the country, the prob-
lem of making a compost with which
to fill the window boxes is easily solved.
Rich top soil from the grain or potato
field, well rotted stable fertilizer and
pure ground bone are the ingredients.
One part stable fertilizer to three parts
of the soil, with one quart of the bone
added to each bushel of soil and ferti-
lizer combined and the .whole mixed
thoroughly and allowed to stand a few
days before using is about right. In
the city one can sometimes obtain top
soil from some nearby plot where the
ground is being broken up for a build-
ing, and shredded cow or pulverized
sheep fertilizer and ground bone from
a seed store. When not able to obtain
this top soil, get a suitable compost from a
florist or seedsman who keeps potting and win-
dow box soil for sale. An enthusiastic win-
dow-ledge gardener will always obtain a suit-
able compost for his boxes from some source.
When setting out plants in the boxes the
soil should be worked in well
around each and made firm
throughout the entire box by
pressure of the hands. When
this is finished, the soil is ^2"
to 1" Ijelow the top edge of the
box and a little lower in the
center than at the edges. This
allows you to water the plants
freely without running the
water over the top of the box.
Good flowers for early spring
are Dutch hyacinths just com-
ing into bud and taken out of
4" pots, using such combina-
tions of color as harmonize
and suit individual tastes.
Sometimes daffodils, tulips and
crocuses out of pots are used.
Pansies, too, give an unsur-
passed study in colors. The
prim little English daisies, the
pretty little forget-me-nots,
Belgium's national flower, the
moss pink (Phlox subulata)
are all satisfactory in spring
boxes. For a larger and show-
ier plant the beautiful hy-
drangeas are excellent. All of
these plants are transplanted
easily frpm pots into the win-
(Continued on page 134)

M a v . 1922

The home of Weymer H. Waitt, Ardsley^,
N. Y ., is Southern Colonial, built of
shingles painted white, with blue-green
blinds and green slate roof. Chester A. Pat-
terson, architect

A high porticoed entrance gives the front
facade fine dignity besides creating a brick
porch and approach to the entrance door

Although the lot is small, much has been
accomplished by planning the house around
a garden enclosed by an arbor and a wing

A GROUP OF FOUR
MEDIUM HOUSES

House & Garden

The home of Xash Rockwood, at Riverdalc, N. Y ., fits substantially into its setting of tall

trees. Its somewhat severe lines are at once softened and made more effective by the-

foundation planting which, as is usually best with a house of this character, consists of

evergreens of varying forms. Dwight James Baiim, architect

Flanking lattices and slender cedars set
off the entrance whose classical feeling
is continued into the flower box above.
Perfect balance obtained throughout

The first floor plan shows four main
rooms besides the service sections and
the square hall with its adjoining
vestibule and lavatory. Open fireplaces
in living room and library make for
cheeriness on winter evenings. The sun
room gives directly on the side lawn

Simplicity of arrangement and con-
sequent utilization of space are evident
on the second floor. The family's
rooms occupy the whole front and
connect with the same hall. In all
there are seven chambers and four bath-
rooms, with a sewing room in the rear

May, 1922

Climate is ojten a deciding factor in architec-
ture. Designs are adapted to suit local climatic
conditions. Thus, m this home of Edgar L.
Flippen, at Dallas, Texas, the Italian style has
been used with local modifications. It is stucco
over hollow tile. H. B. Thomson, architect

On the first floor the plans of the Flippen
house show a large reception hall with the
stairs in one corner close to the side entrance.
The disposition oj the rooms is unusual. Up-
stairs the arrangement of rooms in suite and
their location are both uncommon and practical

Based on an L, the plans of the Light house show
on one side a long living room with solarium, and
dining room and service on the other, a loggia
connecting them. On the second floor a long cor-
ridor between stair hall and service stairs is a
feature

The residence of George E. Light, at Dallas,
Texas, is reminiscent of Spanish architecture in
its red tile roof, balconies and loggia. Its walls

are of hollow tile faced with stucco. A wide
overhang of the eaves gives the walls a deep
shadowing. H. B. Thomson was the architect

House & Garden

HOLLOW TILE AS A BUILDING SAFEGUARD

Its Strength, Insulating Properties, Resistance to Fire and Other Characteristics
Commend It to the Discriminating House Builder

HENRY COMPTON

HOLLOW building tile is a definite pro-
duct of America's love of comfort and
luxury. Much as we esteem beauty in
our houses, as we crave the picturesqueness of
centuries-old European architecture, we are
not willing to sacrifice to any esthetic phase of
life our luxurious modern methods of house
building and home fitting.

It was to insure this complete ideal of per-
fect comfort and health in our houses that hol-
low tile construction was invented, and the
hollow tile has given us a new idea in build-
ing structures — a wall of stability and
strength, easy to lay up, and with its succes-
sion of air chambers inherent in the construc-
tion, a protection against cold, heat and mois-
ture.

This idea is so wise and yet so simple,
as are all great ideas, that it is difficult to
imagine why its discovery was delayed so many
centuries. But most significant inventions
have come about in answer to a great need,
just as great generals are born for fearful
wars, and important statesmen — but here we
are a little off the track.

Undoubtedly, the increase of luxurious liv-
ing in this country, the demand for sanitary
perfection in every detail of our homes, has
brought about this fine type of new home
building known as hollow tile. And having
finally accepted this method of construction
we have, of course, gone a step farther and

Eight-inch tile wall showing side con-
struction with brick facing, also bonding
with metal ties recommended for light
structures

One of the standard shapes of hollow

building tile used for wall partition

or floor construction

added to wisdom and comfort, outer walls
with surface of great beauty; as, for instance,
the rough textured stucco over hollow tile,
the smooth, beautifully tinted cement and the
brick veneer with its varieties of surfaces and
colors.

In our illustrations we are showing the
various ways of laying up hollow tile, includ-
ing the interlocking tile; also the use of a
brick veneer over hollow tile. And these

drawings are all well worth studying if you
are going to build.

Hollow building tile as used in modern
residence construction is an evolution from the
fireproofing shapes of tile which were devel-
oped in this country following the great Chi-
cago fire. The first two or three plants were
kept busy by the Government's demand for
this new fireproofing material in federal build-
ings. From this start its use rapidly increased,
and it is today a recognized standard fire-
proofing material for our large steel structures.

Hollow building tile or structural tile is
somewhat heavier than tile used for fireproof-
ing, and is burned much harder. A stand-
ard 8"xl2"xl2" structural tile weights thirty-
four pounds as against thirty pounds for the
same size fireproofing tile.

Hollow building tile is manufactured from
fire clay, shale clay and in some instances sur-
face clay. The clay is ground, mixed with
water into a plastic mass and molded to the
required shape. It is then burned at tem-
peratures ranging from 1700 to 2400 degrees,
depending upon the fusing point of the clay
that is used. As a fire in a residence rarely
if ever exceeds 1700 degrees, its fire-resisting
qualities can be readily appreciated.

Following are given briefly the reasons why
these tiles are used extensively in residence
construction :

(Continued on page 138)

(Above) Twelve-inch wall of
interlocking tile showing every
vertical web directly over the
vertical web below, a most
durable construction

(Left) An eight-inch tile wall with

end-construction tile cut to bond

with brick veneer. Brick laid with

Flemish bond and brick headers

May, 1922

In a, Colonial country house,
this striped chintz would
make charming hangings
against white walls. The
brilliant blue vases on a
cream ground hold blue and
pink flowers. The other
stripe is a brilliant blue. It
comes 33" wide and is
priced at 75 cents a yard

GAY CHINTZES
for NEW CURTAINS

They may be purchased through the Hmise

and Garden Shopping Service, 19 West 44fA

Street, New York City

A cream ground and broad stripe in old blue serve

as background for a colorful design in rose, tan

and black, 35" wide, 65c a yard

An unusually beautiful
chintz, formal enough for a
country house living room,
has a ground of deep buff.
Old-fashioned flowers in soft
shades of blue, green, lav-
ender, tan, rose and yellow
make an especially pleasing
design. It comes 50" wide
and is priced at $4.50

(Above center) This gay
chintz comes in different
color combinations. Rose
red, mauve and a little green
are on a cream ground. An
old blue ground has a de-
sign in rose while particu-
larly striking is the black
ground with figures in rose
and blue, 36", 45c

(Left) Sometimes an inter-
esting effect may be obtained
by combining a striped fab-
ric with one of an all-over
design. This duo -t one
glazed chintz comes in all
colors and would be espe-
cially good used in combi-
nation with a flowered
cretonne. 50", $3.50

A remarkably inexpensive chintz suitable for a living room is tan with

a gray stripe and the design in rose, mauve, black and green. It may

be had also with a brown stripe and flowers in blue, green and mauve.

36" wide, 35 cents a yard

An effective all-over design is deliciously cool and fresh looking with

its green ground and little bunches of fruit and flowers in rose, blue,

yellow and brown. It would make delightful slip covers or curtains.

31" wide, $1 a yard

House & Garden

FURNISHING
THE PORCH

The articles on this page may be purchased
through the House Sf Garden Shopping Ser-
vice, 19 West 44th Street, New York City.

A graceful crackle glass ice tea pitcher

holding three pints is $4. The glasses

to match are S10 a dozen

The Chinese rattan chair above with

its comfortable arm rests is $10.75.

An hour-glass table to match 24"

high and 19" across is $12

Most usable on a porch is this thirteen
piece luncheon set of Chinese straw in
natural color. The centerpiece is 25"
in diameter, the doilies 10" and 6".
S5.50 for the set

(Right) This low, comfortable tub
back chair with its decorative black
motifs and interesting cane work is
S10. The seat is only 14" jrom the
ground

Furniture of durable Canton rattan is
excellent for outdoor use. It may be
used on the lawn as well as the porch
as the hour-glass shape prevents it
from sinking into the ground. The
chair above is $9.75

It is often effective to use a
piece of painted furniture on a
porch in combination with
wicker. The graceful chair at the
left is black with antique yellow
decorations and has a splint seat.
It may be had in other color
combinations. S8.94

Formosa fibre rugs in natural
color, excellent for porch use,
come in squares, 19'/3" x 19 V&"
for $1 a square. These are sewn
together making any size rug de-
sired and are very smart on
stone or cement floors in con-
nection with wicker furniture

•May, 1922

WICKER FOR THE
SUMMER HOME

Wkifk May Be Purchased Thrtxtgh ttie House

fr Garden Shopping Service, 19 West 44th

Street, New York City.

Japanese brown bamboo fruit or

flower baskets are charming on a

porch. They vary in size and shape

and cost from $2 to $3.25

No porch is complete without a
comfortable chair of this type. It
is Chinese rattan and has an ad-
justable back and sliding foot rest.
$23.50

ffl

Attractive rush rugs with colored

decorations are priced as follows — 4' 8"

x 6' 8", $9; 6' x 8', $14.50; 9' x 12',

$29.50. Other sizes on application

A practical little couch end table in

natural willow is $9.24. Stained any

color $10.48, enameled $11.94. 25"

high, the top 18" wide

Willow should be stained or enameled
some attractive color. The comfortable
low chair above might be done in apple
green and upholstered in gay chintz. In
natural finish $9.74, stained $10.48,
enameled $12.24

Tea in a garden would be doubly
delightful if served on this practical
tiffin table. The removable bamboo
trays are very strong and light and
the stand can be folded up and
tucked away when not in use. 25"
high, the top tray measures 26"
across. $16

// well upholstered, willow furniture
becomes as comfortable as the over-
stuffed variety. The low deep seat
of this chair makes it unusually de-
sirable. Stained any color $23.
Upholstered all over with down and
covered in cretonne $10 extra. With

House & Garden

May

THE GARDENER'S CALENDAR

Fifth Month

Diener's American
Beauty shows the
color of that name,
and creamy yellow.
Richard Diener Co.

Tree wounds should
be attended to
promptly, cutting
away the ragged
bark and painting

A bright, true yel-
low that lasts well
characterizes S o u -
venir de Claudius
Fernet. Tottv

SUNDAY

MONDAY

TUESDAY

WEDNESDAY

THURSDAY

FRIDAY

SATURDAY

TTi-e full ittreams

1. If the

2. The early

3. Do not

4. It is un-

5. Crops that

6. Tubbed

feed on flower

weather condi-

sowings of

stop sowing

wise to post-

are more or less-

plants of all

of rushes,

tions are set-

vegetables

those crops

pone potato

Inactive and

kinds used

II i p {.' grasses

tled the warm

must be prop-

that mature

planting any

are not grow-

around the

trammel the

vegetable crops

erly thinned

quickly, such as

longer If you

ing well should

grounds for

travel-

may be sown

out; plants that

spinach, peas.

want good re-

be stimulated

decoration may

ling foot,

at this time.

are unduly

radishes, let-

sults. Potatoes

with an appli-

be taken from

The faint fresh

Beans, llmas,

crowded be-

tuce, etc. Fre-

are a cool crop

cation of ni-

their winter

flame of the

corn, squash,

come thin and

quent sowings

and late plant-

trate of soda

quarters and

flushes

okra, melons!

never develop

titles are the

however well

strong fertiliz-

place now. To

From leaf to

etc., are all

Into heal thy

first step to-

cared for, are

ing element

maintain

flower and

c o ns i d e r e d

vigorous speci-

ward success.

rarely success-

used In liquid

growth, these

flower to

warm crops

m e n s . Thin

If there is any

f ul . Use a

form to bring

plants should

fruit.

in this r e-

the plants when

surplus it can

fertilizer with

about quick

be given liquid

— Swinburne.

spect.

small.

be canned.

\% potash.

results.

manure.

7. All the

8. Most of

9. The edges

10. Do not

11. Maple

12. Carna-

13. Now that

summer flower-

the more com-

of walks, flow-

delay cutting

trees should be

tions intended

the garden

ing bulbous

mon annual

er beds, shrub-

the lawn until

pruned Just as

for forcing in

work Is in full

plants may be

flowers may be

bery borders,

the grass Is so

the buds are

the greenhouse

swing, invite

set out now.

started out of

etc., should be

long as to ne-

bursting; there

next winter

yourself to get

To assure a

doors now.

trimmed clean-

cessitate rak-

Is no danger of

can now be

acquainted

continuous

Have the soil

ly and neatly

1 n g . Good

their bleeding.

planted out in

with the use of

supply of gladi-

in which they

with a turfing

lawns are the

Any large scars

the garden.

a wheel - hoe.

oli, they can be

are to go well

iron every few

result of liberal

which may re-

Have the

These Imple-

planted at bi-

prepared far

weeks through

fertilization

sult should be

ground well

ments do the

weekly Inter-

enough ahead

the season.

and frequent

painted with

fertilized, keep

necessary work

vals. The rule

so that it will

This finishing

mowing, the

proper tree

them pinched

of cultivation

is to plant all

pulverize when

touch Is neces-

latter In some

paint to pre-

back and see

more efficiently

bulbs twice as

being worked.

sary to com-

cases twice a

serve the wood

that the soil

and with iess

deep as their

Sow the seed

plete your

week In grow-

until the cuts

between them

effort than any

diameter.

thinly in drills.

grounds.

ing weather.

heal.

is cultivated.

other.

14. Weed

15. Just be-

Ifi. Roses for

17. Leaf

18. Make a

19. It is un-

20. A barrel

killers are very

fore the general

flowering In the

beetles of vari-

small seed bed

wise to post-

of liquid man-

necessary In

flowering sea-

greenhouse

ous types will

for the accom-

pone the sow-

ure in some

stone gutters,

son begins in

next winter

soon be at their

modation of

ing of farm

convenient

blue stone

the perennial

should be

destructive

late cabbage,

crops any

corner of the

walks and

garden it is

planted in the

work. Spray

caul if lower ,

longer. Man-

garden will be

drives, and

good practice

benches now.

the currant

kale, Brussels

gles, sugar

a valuable ac-

other places

to top - dress

Use a r ich ,

bushes, goose-

sprouts, etc.

beets, carrots.

cessory for

where It is un-

the beds with

heavy soil for

berries, elms,

These should

turnips, etc.,

treating plants

wise to use a

bone meal or

them, firm the

cherries, etc..

be sown now.

should be

that are not

hoe. One ap-

other concen-

beds thorough-

using arsenate

Keep the

sown. As size is

doing well. Al-

plication now

trated fertil-

ly after plant-

of lead as the

young plants

the important

ternate appli-

will destroy all

izer. Scatter it

ing, and top-

most adhesive

in separate

factor wltli

cations of this

undesirab le

on the surface

dress occasion-

of any of the

beds until It is

these crops,

with solutions

growth for the

and rake It Into

ally with raw

regular poison

time to plant

early sowing

of nitrate of

season.

the soil.

bone meal.

sprays.

them out.

Is needed.

soda.

21. Leaf-eat-

22. Do not

23. A few

24. Dahlias

25. If the

26. When

27. Keep the

ing in: els will

neglect to keep

dead flower

may be planted

weather is dry

the various

ground be-

also ;.3on be

up succession

stalks will

out now. Make

vou will be

fruit trees are

tween the

working in the

sowings In the

make an other-

deep holes for

troubled with

in bloom they

potatoes con-

garden. For

garden, as ad-

wise good gar-

them, setting

the attacks of

should be

stantly stirred,

them a poison

vised elsewhere

den ap pear

the plants sev-

green fly and

sprayed with a

and look out

spray on the

in this issue.

very ordinary.

eral inches be-

other pi an t

combination of

for the potato

foliage Is the

Corn, beans,

Keep the tall

low the grade

lice. Peas, let-

Bordeaux mix-

beetles. IT any

thing to use.

spinach, peas.

flowers sup-

to allow for

tuce, egg-plant

ture and arse-

are In evidence.

Cover the

radishes, let-

ported with in-

filling in the

and other soft

nate of lead.

spray with ar-

squash vines
with nets sup-

tuce, beets,
carrots, chervil.

dividual
stakes , the

soil as they
grow. Use a

foliage plants
are especially

This will de-
stroy the vari-

senate of lead.
Bordeaux mix-

ported on

cucumber.

grass edges

little sheep

susceptible.

ous insects that

ture along with

stakes, to pro-

cress, kohlrabi

clipped, and

manure or

Spray with

ruin the fruit.

the lead will

tect from

and turnip are

remove old

bone meal in

strong tobacco

catching them

prevent at-

squash bugs.

all timely.

"stalks.

the bottom.

solution.

as they hatch.

tacks of blight.

28. If the

29. After

30. Winter

31 . Formal

weather ap-

they have fin-

celery may be

evergreens and

pears settled,
the bedding
out of gera-

ished flower-
Ing, but not be-
fore, the lilacs,

sown now.
Make a seed
bed for It and

hedges should
now be clipped.
Hedge shears

This calendar of the gardener's labors is
intended as a reminder for undertaking all

niums, cannas,

svringas, deut-

sow broadcast.

are the best

his tasks in season. It is fitted to the lati-

salvla, coleus

zia, forsythia,

When large

tool to prevent

tude of the Middle States, but its sugges-

and other bed-

splrea, snow-

enough to

any voids in

tions should be available for the whole

plants may
he started. If
a delayed cold

ball, pearl bush
and other early
flowering

handle, dibble
the little plants
off into well

the trees.
Branches and
tips that have

country if it be remembered that for every
one hundred miles north or south there is

spell should
come along.

shrubs should
be pruned. Cut

prepared soil .
When they are

been burned
by the sun can

later or earlier in performing garden opera-

cover the
plantings with

out the old, un-
p reductive

4 Inches tall
you can plant

be removed
with the prun-

tions. The dates given are, of course, for

old sheets.

wood.

them out.

ing shears.

TTf/'AL, the smell season's come 'round ag'in, an' I'm durn glad of it. It allus chirks me up when
rr spring gits far enough along so's 1 can go sniffin' 'round like a putter in' old rabbit-dog, _ httntin'

fer them sweet smells that -wander along through the air, goin' nowhere partic'lar an' comin' from

nobuddy knows where less'n he's trailed 'cm back, some time.

If ye're a good smeller ye'll find plenty to keep ye interested. Thcy's the smell o' young grass an'

dandylions lay in' in the sun. fer instance — mighty faint, but warm an' green, like. Er the lilocks on a

June mornin' rich an' overnowin' same as tlieir flowers. They ain't no smell in, the world that carries

ye back acrost the years quicker' n that 'cept mebbe the sweetness o' hay in a still July noon-time.

Honeysuckle, too, 'specially at night when the moon's up. An' the orchard in October, spicy an' full

o' fruit afore the sun sucks up the frost. Even new-ploived earth's got a mighty comfortin' sort o' scent.

Best of all, though, I like the smell o' trailin' arbutus, driftin' through the sunny April woods — it's

so clean an' shy an' wild, They ain't been a spring fer seventy year that I h' ain't waited fer the first

sniff o' arbutus to tell me the winter's really over, an' — wal, Id kinder like to have it growin' near by

when I'm laid away. — Old Doc Lemmon.

- ,'ti

Rich golden bronze
is the color of Na-
dine , a splendid
chrysanthemum.
C/icis. H. Tally Co.

May is the great
month for the out-
door planting of an-
nual flower seeds
of many kinds

Bridal Vail is one of
the finest white cac-
tus dahlias. Of large
size and good stems.
George L. Stillman

For that dark, shaded spot which needs a

striking touch of white in spring, try the

trilliums. They are hardy perennials which

fit especially well with rhododendrons

Extra early Osage is an excellent musk
melon for either the home or market gar-
den. It is of medium size, with salmon col-
ored flesh. Jerome B. Rice Seed Co.

Cultivation of the soil between the vege-
table rows is essential to 100 per cent gar-
den results. For small home gardens, use a
wheel-hoe- for this work

May , 1922

-_ .

DURING the Summer months, the furnishings of home undergo a com-
plete change — from the atmosphere of warmth, with the fireplace as
the keynote — to surroundings indicative of everything bright and colorful
with the open window furnishing the key.

Handblocked linens and chintzes, painted furniture and floor coverings re-
flecting the colors and realism of out of doors, create the Summer spirit.

The resources of our stock and staft are at your

service.

•^

P: fi**

SLOANE

FIFTH AVENUE AND 47th STREET
WASHINGTON <JVew \)orl^ SAN FRANCISCO

-4£"^|

•> * ____^__

^1 w r|F| ^v — ?T-ii| »fv^-^ «f^--f

House & Garden

Modern home-makers have
re-discovered the beauties
of candles and candle-light

It can almost be said that interior decorative and lighting
schemes are no longer modern unless they include — CAN-
DLES.

The dining-room — how inviting the table setting smartly
enhanced with a candelabrum or two; how delightful the din-
ner under the soft, glowing radiance of candle-light!

And in every other room as well — living-room, library,
reception hall, boudoir — whatever the motif of decoration,
candles, in sticks, sconces, candelabra or torcheres, have a
beautifying role and their light a subtle, bewitching charm.

Only be sure to select good candles. ATLANTIC Candles
are craftsman-made. Materials are pure; shapes correct;
colorings distinctive; quality unusual. They burn down even-
ly in a perfect ''cup" — without drip, smoke or odor.

Your dealer should have Atlantic Candles in style and
color varieties for every use and decorative scheme. They are
banded, or their boxes labeled, for easy identification.

AN INTERESTING BOOKLET, prepared by us, on modern
candle styles, decorative uses and lighting effects, is
now on the press and will be mailed on request.

THE ATLANTIC REFINING COMPANY, Philadelphia

ATLANTIC

CANDLES

Tailored Slip Covers for the Country House

(Continued from page 58)

plain muslin (thereby saving much on
her purchases) and then sets about find-
ing just the right slip covers to express
her personality and awaits the day when
she may indulge her fancy in permanent
covers of rare needlework or other
precious fabric. For her boudoir she
may make her slip covers as frivolous as
her mood suggests. Gay little ruffles
to outline the chairs, box pleated or
shirred, with seams piped in her favor-
ite and most becoming color, lend to
the furniture a touch of feminine dainti-
ness and youthful freshness not to be
obtained otherwise. A draped dressing
table or a dainty 18th Century pou-
dreuse might well accentuate this note.

The matron possessed of priceless up-
holstery, if she would keep her treasures
fresh and clean to grace another season,
covers them securely, at the same time
using infinite art in the selection of
proper slip covers to make her rooms
attractive and livable during less formal
periods of the year and for short stop-
overs in town. Well planned slip covers
are an ever ready help in time of need,
producing a maximum of effect at a
minimum of expenditure.

Small wonder then that slip covers, as
an essential part of every establishment
have come to be real works of art and

are given detailed and careful study by
those interested in the subject. Antique
models have been routed from their hid-
ing places and faithfully copied much
in the same way as old costume de-
signs have been revived, and the sur-
prising mechanical advantages of our
own day pressed into service to de-
velop both the fabric^ needed and the
finished product with as little waste
energy as possible.

With such a bewildering array of
suitable fabrics as the present day
market offers, a nice discrimination is
needed to find just the note of per-
sonality essential to really good decora-
tion. One's possessions, both essential
and ornamental, express one's person-
ality and surely things which are to be
a part of our daily lives are deserving
of as much care in selection as is giv-
en to other important objects. Should
a possession lightly chosen develop ob-
jectional characteristics, its vulgarity is
an ever present source of annoyance.
Getting back again to the practical
phases of slip covers it is essential that
they really fit. Properly made they do
not "slip" at all but are fitted with
hooks or snap fasteners to conform to
the lines of the furniture and inci-
dentally do "stay put" after they are
in place.

Decorating the Table

(Continued from page 55)

Among these were all table ware of sil-
ver, gold, glass and earthenware. Orna-
mental clocks, lamps, vases, andirons,
shovels and tongs, tapestries or woven
pictures for the walls. Specially de-
signed silks and velvets, in fact articles
for all interior decoration. No wonder
lovers of the rare and the beautiful go
back to those centuries for ideas!

If you happen to be furnishing with
rare and costly objects of art, you will
be interested in specimens of table deco-
rations still preserved in our museums
and on sale at shops specializing in un-
usual objects of this kind.

Even if you have no idea of owning
these beautiful table ornaments, it is
well to study them carefully in order
to get an indelible impression of per-
fection of arrangement and line with re-
gard to many objects within a very
limited space.

But on the other hand if you are con-
tent with copies of choice table arrange-
ments, these are to be had at a com-
paratively moderate cost. They are
modern and imported for the most part
from Italy.

It was a passion on the part of the
master designers to create veritable
miniature Italian gardens, reproducing
in alabaster, gold, silver or Venetian
glass the balustrades, fountains, vases
and mythological statuary in the ducal
gardens of the old world, gardens plan-
ned by the great landscape-designers
of the day. In the vases were tiny
blooming plants made of colored
Venetian glass, the entire garden being
on so small a scale as to occupy only
the center of a moderately small table.
Of course decorations for banquet tables
may also be had.

Let us start with the supposition that
the dining room you are now using is
a very simple one; that your furniture
is inexpensive painted wood of abso-
lutely no real value but good in line and
color. Very well. Keep everything
in that room, including the objects on
the dining table, in the picture. Aim at
harmony; have not one false note. Use
on such a table coarse, deep cream linen
and attractive peasant table ware —
earthenware or pottery, not porcelain.

Decide what price you can pay for it
and then choose with regard to the col-
our scheme of the room.

Have your glass equally simple and
in attractive shapes. Avoid fancy, fussy
looking silver, whether solid or plated.
It is seldom good style, is difficult to
clean and often expensive.

Nowadays only forks, knives and
spoons are of silver. Glass, china and
pottery are used for all purposes of
table decoration, table lighting and the
serving of food. This is wise as an
economic expedient. Today the average
servant is not only abnormally expen-
sive but inefficient as well. Anything
to save labor is a godsend to the mod-
ern housekeeper. ,

Granted you have the required table-
ware, let us turn to the interesting prob-
lem of decoration, pure and simple.
Assuming the table is round or square,
attention will focus on the center of
the board. Place there something to
excite admiration. If possible, let this
center piece have color, the same as
used for walls, curtains, chair covers,
etc. This plan of repeating the same
colors in the flowers at once shows the
scheme has been thought out, that it
ties up with the general color schejne
of the room.

Whether you use a bowl of flowers
or fruit, a now-fashionable china bird
or statuette, see to it that it does not
interfere with the sociability of your
table. It will surely do so if so high as
to cut off the view of the guests seated
opposite. Keep table decorations be-
low the line of the eyes. This applies
as well to candlelight. Candles so
placed that the flame is in line with the
eyes should be shaded. Very tall can-
dles are attractive unshaded.

Since balance is the key-note of beau-
ty in the decoration of your table, re-
member this includes size of objects.
Beware of small candlesticks on a large
table or too large ones on a small table.

If you have a bowl of flowers in the
center, two bowls of fruit, one toward
the head and one toward the foot, are
always good if the bowls are of the
same character.

(Continued on page 88)

PANTHEON

front
Solid Silver

PANTHEON will reign
JL through all the fluctua'
tions of fashion — because it
is designed after the eternal
classics. Pantheon will endure
through all the despoilations
of use — because it is wrought
from an imperishable metal.

All INTERNATIONAL STERLING
is created for the ages to
come, as well as for today.
And thus, it clusters about
itself many proud memories
and associations, perpetuat'
ing them for the generations
to come.

oA ''Book of Silver on Request

Write for Book 104
the Pantheon brochure.
International Silver Co.
Menden Conn.

This craftsman's mark
identifies the genuine

#«£<?ft QCSteriiny

TERNATIONAL

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INTERNATIONAL SILVER CO.I

House & Garden

FREE-This Book on
Home Beautifying

JOHNSON'S

Pasje - LiQuid 'Powdered

PREPARED WAX

Johnson's Prepared Wax
comes in three convenient
forms — Paste Wax for pol-
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Liquid Wax the dust-proof
polish for furniture, wood-
work, and automobiles

Powdered Wax for perfect
dancing floors.

Johnson's Prepared W a x
cleans, polishes, preserves
and protects — all in one oper-
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and lint — takes all the drudg-
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nates the original finish and
gives an air of immaculate
cleanliness.

Are You Building?

You will find our book partic-
ularly interesting and useful if
you plan on building or re-
modeling. It tells how to

finish inexpensive soft woods so
they are as beautiful and artistic
as hardwood. Enables you to talk
intelligently on this subject to your
architect or contractor.

Our Individual Advice Department
is in the hands of a corps of ex-
perts who give all questions on
wood finishing prompt and care-
ful attention. Do not hesitate to
bring your wood finishing prob-
lems to us — there is no obligation
whatever attached to this service.

S. C. JOHNSON & SON, Dept. HG5, Racine, Wis.

| (Canadian Factory — Brantford)

| Please send me, free and postpaid, your book on Home Beautifying, "The

• Proper Treatment for Floors, Woodwork and Furniture."

| My Paint Dealer is

| My Name I

I My Address.. I

( J

A modern glass basket exquisite in form and detail is used in con-
nection with old crystal decanters and modern Venetian candelabras

Decorating the Table

(Continued from page 86)

Another interesting decoration for the hand if the removal of a piece makes no

center of the table is a china bird, if difference to the general effect, the ar-

large enough to be important. This is rangement was not truly decorative for

effective used with two or four smaller the reason that every object was not in-

ones at the corners of an imaginary dispensable to the completion of the

square around the center piece of fruit picture you aimed at creating,

or flowers. They should be placed fac- Acquire the habit of looking at your

ing toward the center. friend's table. Discover for yourself

Never by any chance have too many why some are dull and depressing and

objects on your table, no matter how others charming and magnetic,

beautiful or valuable each may be. When a squarely built, oblong Jaco-

Make each one count. This can be done bean or long, narrow Italian refectory

by the proper spacing. Receptacles for table is used the decoration is effective

salt and pepper and other ornamental only when carried from the center

dishes such as are used for sweets and toward each end. An interesting center

pickles, if placed on the table, must piece should balance two other objects

maintain the required balance. This is of equal or slightly less interest. These

equally true with regard to candles. A three pieces may be held together with

tall, branching candelabra, if simple and ivy, natural flowers, or some of the

beautiful as to shape, may be placed in lovely Venetian glass ones. Italian glass

the center of the table provided the fruit is charming when used this way.

lights are above the eyes. Unless very The line should be kept formal like a

high, use tiny shades, one to each can- narrow hedge of the flowers, fruit or

die. ivy. To invent such fascinating, di-

A way to test the soundness of your verting table decorations is a joy, for

design is to take away one of the ob- once the principle is understood it is

jects. If when removed the balance is quite easy to have success. Copy ideas

lost and the picture spoiled, then your but try creating your own individual

arrangement was correct. On the other arrangements.

Collecting the Coins of Yesterday

(Continued from page S3)

chase a farm of many acres."

I think it was just a chance that led
Stevenson to write "shells'' instead of
coins, remembering how attached he
was to a certain little pouch full of odd
coins collected by him in his boyhood
and preserved intact to his last year
on earth. This little collection was lat-
er dispersed by sale. Among these coins
was a certain little token piece, an old
English halfpenny polished smooth on
both sides, and then engraved on the
one with the design of a full rigged
sailing vessel and on the other with the
name of a sailor of Montieth. I have
always fancied that this token was one
of Stevenson's pet boyhood treasures.
At any rate its intimate association with
his boyhood makes it very precious to
me, to whose collection it has found its
way. Such pieces there are, which,
though lacking absolute beauty in them-
selves, nor having a definite constructive
part in the world's history, neverthe-
less, by reason of remarkable associa-
tion, set working the imagination, evok-
ing images of which they must ever, to
some, remain as tokens of inestimable
value. However, such pieces are rare,
and I shall not dwell further upon them.

Just what is there about old coins
that makes them interesting beyond the
fact of their being old money? The
answer is, many things. You have but
to examine fine examples of the coinage
of the centuries gone by to realize that
a very great number of the coins of
yesterday are true works of art in them-

selves, many of them veritable master-
pieces-in-little. The coins of ancient
Greece, for instance, have never been
surpassed in beauty. When you possess
a fine coin of the period of antiquity,
you possess a true work of art from the
hand of a contemporary sculptor. And
it is so through the centuries, in de-
gree. One cannot hope to possess,
other than visually, the Perseus of
Benvenuto Cellini, but he can hope to
have a gold zecchino from one of the
dies cut by Cellini's own hand, an ex-
quisite work of art from every point of
view. Fifteen dollars ought to bring
it to him. For as much one ought to
be able to acquire a fine specimen of
the silver testone of Giovanni Galeazzo
Maria Sforza (1466-1476), designed by
none other than Leonardo da Vinci be-
tween 1483 and 1500. My own speci-
men, in mint condition (that is, un-
circulated), a coin of indisputable gen-
uineness, was purchased in New York
at public sale some two years ago for
only eight dollars! It is one of the
most beautiful and one of the notable
historical European coins.

A beautiful coin which has notable
historic interest as well, is, of course,
to my mind, of greatest interest, not-
withstanding the fact that the world is
full of coin collectors who devote them-
selves to what seems the trivial exercise
of making endless collections of. some-
what unbeautiful pieces, differing one
from the other only in their dates, or
(Continued on page 90)

May, 1922

What a wealth of satisfaction a
woman takes in the dependability of
her Cadillac.

There is no other single trait, of all
the wonderful traits of the Cadillac,
that quite equals it in her esteem.

She realizes thankfully that no
thought of the car need intrude for a
moment to mar her enjoyment.

Her mind is at rest, she is free to
rejoice in the fine buoyancy of the
Cadillac, its suggestion of soaring
grace. The matter of driving the car,

so safe and simple and easy it is, adds
a sportive zest to her pleasure.

And as the miles unroll, the joys of
Cadillac travel grow more precious
because of the serenity and security
she feels.

This is the quality that is even more
than beauty, or luxury, or the social
prestige of Cadillac ownership.

This fine dependability, always the
cardinal fact of the Cadillac, finds
even higher expression than before
in the new Type 61.

CADILLAC MOTOR CAR COMPANY, DETROIT, MICHIGAN

D \titi on of General M otor s Corporation

A D

The Standard of the World

A C

T here is
Just One
Reedcraft"

LIKE other recognized
quality-marks-'Such as
"Steinway" on a piano,
"Minton" on china, "Gor-
ham"on silverware — the
name "REEDCRAFT" speci-
fies one distinct make of reed
furniture — the highest quality in
its particular line. This name is
burned into the under side of
every piece of Reedcraft.

Entirely handmade from specially
selected imported reed. No nailed
on braids, loose ends or spliced
strands. Sturdy, comfortable and
adaptable to all uses. Antique
ivory, grays, pastel shades, or the
new golden azure — as well as the
natural reed. For sale by leading
furniture dealers.

S!lREeDCRAF-T':DMPANY

Los Angeles
827 West Seventh
939 South Broadway

Chicago
916 Michiaan Avenue

House & Garden

Tokens were coins issued by tradesmen or
banks in lieu of currency. These are ex-
amples of the 18th Century English token
coins

Collecting the Coins of Yesterday

(Continued from page 88)

REED CRAFT

distinguished, when departing from the
common type by some flaw, such as a
crack in the die, or again by some such
phenomenon as the turning of the third
leaf in an olive wreath to the left in-
stead of to the right. There may pos-
sibly be found some pleasure, some
curious sort of satisfaction in making a
vast collection of the one-cent pieces
of the United States from the time of
the minting of the first to the present,
a collection including all the minute dif-
ferences that constitute the microscopic
varia that appear to furnish such col-
lectors with the keys to such delectable
seventh heavens.

But it is not the joys of such collec-
tions, the pursuits of such collectors
that I would advise one to attempt to
understand or to emulate. To me there
seems so much more worth while. But
many an unbeautiful coin does stimu-
late the imagination. Who does not
recall the story of the Pine Tree Shilling
which used to be invariably narrated in
the school readers of our sunny years!
The first Massachusetts mint was
erected in 1652 with John Hull as its
master. He wrote that "upon occasion
of much counterfeit coin brought in the
country, and much loss accruing in that
respect (and that did occasion a stop-
page of trade), the General Court ord-
ered a mint to be set up. And they
made a choice of me for that employ-
ment and I chose my friend Robert
Saunderson to be my partner to wh:.ch
the Court consented." The Court de-
clared "That all persons whatsour haue
libertie to bring vnto the mint house,
at Boston, all bullion, plate or Spanish
coyne, there to be metled and brought
to the alloy of sterling silver by John
Hull, master of the sd mint, & his
sworne officers, & by him to be coyned
into twelve pence, six pence, & three
pence peeces. . . ."

We are told that John Hull's mint
was a small wooden structure some fif-
teen feet square, with a ceiling ten feet
high. As the mint was established with-
out a Royal charter, the King of Eng-
land highly disapproved of this Colonial

enterprise and when the first Massa-
chusetts charter was revoked in the
year 1684 the mint was closed. The old
story of the school books runs as fol-
lows: For every twenty shillings he
coined John Hull received one for him-
self as payment for his labor, expenses
and as his "profit." At first this might
not seem a very lucrative compensa-
tion, but so great was the quantity of
plate, Spanish silver and other forms
of silver brought to his mint that John
Hull soon became one of the richest men
in the Colony. When Samuel Sewall
asked the hand of John Hull's daughter
in marriage the dowry settled upon was
her weight in Pine Tree shillings, the
young lady was placed upon the scales
on her wedding day and the indicated
amount was turned into the dowry!
The school book stories always ended
with an exclamation point or suggested
one, and what a Croesus we used to
think John Hull to have been ! But
when we take into account the fact
that a hundred pounds of silver was not
valued at much more than about $1,600
in John Hull's day, we can easily see
that the dowry was a fairly modest one,
unless we are so unkind as to assume
that Mistress SewalFs bridal veil cov-
ered the vast proportions of Phineas T.
Barnum's Fat Lady of the sideshow.
These early Massachusetts silver pieces
were from numerous dies, and some of
them bear tree designs far from sug-
gesting a Pine Tree, but much more
resemble an Oak Tree, and are in con-
sequence called Oak Tree shillings, etc.
Equally interesting things are evoked
by the imagination when one handles
a silver dirheem of the great caliph of
"Arabian Nights" fame, Haroun al' Ras-
chid (763-809) of Bagdad, who nev-
er seemed quite real to us in the highly-
colored stories of the Arabian classic
until we came upon one of the coins
of his reign. W. C. Prime, writing half
a century ago said, "To a thinking man
. . . every coin that his collection con-
tains opens a. new subject of thought;
and it is no idle employment, though
(Continued on page 94)

May, 1922

All out-doors Invites your

KODAK

Autographic Kodaks $6.50 up

Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, N. Y., The Kodak city

House & Garden

Handfinisheddress
of McCutcheon Im-
ported Linen in
Blue with Yellow
Linen Trimming.
Sizes zoto 14 years.

28.50

Made to special order
in any of the fabrics
mentioned below. Prices
on request.

Fabrics and Frocks that
Breathe the Spirit of Youth

r I JHERE are light, summery Swisses in every
JL color; dainty Irish Dimities that are plain or
flowered, and cool, crisp Linens of many different
weights and weaves.

For simpler, more practical wear, the Crepes and
Ginghams are very attractive.

And the English Prints and English Sateens are
a riot of delectable flowers and buds and other
things. They have quite all the profusion that
delights the young idea — quite all the bizarre gaiety
of motif that youth can wear so well.

Samples and prices on request

Reg. Trade Mark

James McCutcheon & Co.

Department No. 44

Fifth Avenue, 34th and 33d Streets, New York

A quaint nursery
chintz has a pink
and white
ground with fig-
ures in soft col-
ors. It is 35"
wide and SSc a
yard

Buff and blue
stripes, a pattern
in blue, soft
greens and rose
make a delight-
ful country
house chintz 36",
$1

FRESH CHINTZES FOR
THE COUNTRY HOUSE

The chintz above
is glazed. The
c o I o ring is
mostly rose with
a little blue and
green on a deep
bug ground. 31",
$1.35

This lattice pat-
tern would make
charming coun-
try house cur-
tains. Roses
come on either a
pink or blue
ground. 36", 6Sc

They may be
purchased
through the
House &• Garden
Shopping Serv-
ice, 19 West 44th
St., New York
City

A soft mohair in
shades of mauve,
lavender, robin's
egg blue and tan
on a lattice
ground is SO"
wide and priced
at $2.50 a yard

May. 1922

I I

.11

! 5 4 ! ! • ; •

- R 5 ? - :. ,;

n l H n

': 2 g £

• ••

Big Cord Tires
for Big Cars

your own judgment
_ in tire buying, if your judg-
ment is based on facts.

The one sure way to know tire
values is thru investigation.

Look first for bigness, for
strength, for resiliency — then
for price.

Fisk Cord Tires face any com-
parison and show their extra
value.

/. .-*••>

f r:^

~ i&&£
•*>,*&

. '<a.

Next Time—Buy Fisk

>• \

EL,

£sim

IIP

i (1-

i:'<ai

I''|V ^898
« *• "• •??,^».'-

a Knight

ue«n an

favor tolfy y ICt

IS TOLD in the hitherto unpublished an-
nals of King Arthur's Court, that a certain
Knight wishing to gain the favour of his
King to a purpose, was struck with the
thought that his Queen did much to shape
her Lord's policies; whereupon this Knight
sent to his Queen a chest laden with the choicest linen, which
possessed the Queen with such a wonderful delight, that her
appreciation made possible the end he sought."

ONLY in Hand-^oven Fleur-de-lis IRISH LINEN damask
table cloths and napkins can be had any conception of those
linens produced by the weavers of the Mediaeval Ages, for
today it is woven by hand with the same skill and care as
in those days of guild craftsmen, and its richness of design
and exquisiteness of finish show well the results of this worth-
while effort.

On sale at the better stores in the principal cities of the United
States and Canada. An illustrated catalogue on request.

For finer use also are Fleur-de-lis linen towels^
linen sheets and pillow cases.

IRELAND BROTHERS

INCORPORATED

IO2 FRANKLIN STREET

NEW YORK CITY

House & Garden

Collecting the Coins of Yesterday

(Continued from page 90)

it seem so, to sit quietly over Greek or
Persian, Roman or Punic, French, Turk-
ish, English or American coins and seek
to trace, in pure fancy, the history of
one and another shining piece. And
if the instruction to be thus derived is
not the most valuable which the collec-
tion of coins furnishes, it is at least
the origin of that which is worth more;
for the desire to make acquaintance
with the men who used those coins
leads to the study of history; and per-
haps the great benefit to be derived by
the ordinary collector from his em-
ployment is to be found in this, that
his coins serve to fix historical facts
with great firmness in the memory."

It is probably true that we owe as
much to coins for our knowledge of
ancient history as we do to the written
records of the past that have come down
to us. Dr. Reginald Stuart Poole
("Coins and Medals," London, 1894)
has said "Of all antiquities coins are
the smallest, yet, as a class, the most
authoritative in record, and the widest
in range. No history is so unbroken as
that which they tell; no geography so
complete; no art so continuous in se-
quence, nor so broad in extent; no my-
thology so ample and so various. Un-
known kings, and lost towns, forgotten
divinities, and new schools of art, have
here their authentic record. Individual
character is illustrated, and the tenden-
cies of races denned." The historical
value of coins is tremendous.

The Art of Coins

Let us now turn to what Dr. Poole
has to say of their art interest: "Greek
Coins are the grammar of Greek art.
In them we may trace its gradual
growth, the stern grandeur of the last
days of archaism, and the sudden out-
burst of full splendor, more marked in
coins, however, by the influence of the
contemporaries and followers of Phei-
dias than by that of the great sculptor
himself. While the original sculpture
of this age, in marble and bronze, might
be contained within the walls of a sin-
gle museum, the coin-types may be
counted by thousands. No restorer has
touched them, nor are they late copies,
like the Latin translations of Greek
originals which confuse the judge of
statues. Small indeed they are; yet
large in treatment, and beautiful in ma-
terial, whether it be rich gold, or the
softer-toned electorum, or cold silver,
or bronze glorified by the unconscious
colouring of the earth in which the
coins have lain for centuries. Some-
times we can see the copy of a statue,
— no servile reproduction, but with such
proof of free work in varieties of atti-
tude as shows that the artist, strong in
his power, was working from memory.
Such is the Herakles of Croton, recall-
ing a kindred statue to the so-called
Theseus of the Parthenon. Bolder
masters took a theme like the winged
goddess of Terina, and varied it with an
originality which showed they were
worthy peers of the sculptors and paint-
ers. Croton is a town with some place
in history; but who, save some numis-
matist, has any thought of Terina, fa-
mous only for the survival of her ex-
quisite coinage?"

These things, it seems to me, suffi-
ciently answer the questions, Why are
old coins of interest? Why does one
collect them?

It seems somewhat extraordinary
that those who do not collect old coins
have a notion that they command
prices that place them beyond the pale
of the moderate purse, at least that it
is so with really interesting, beautiful
and ancient coins. Quite the opposite
is true. I know no objects of antiquity
which bring anything like the extreme-
ly low prices, comparatively, that so

many of the ancient coins do bring.
True it is that there are many rare old
coins that bring extraordinarily high
prices, but there are more low-priced
coins of unusual interest and beauty
than one could wish for and which may
be found for the searching.

Let us consider some of the approxi-
mate prices one may have to pay: $20
for a gold starter of Alexander the
Great; $35 for a gold Persian daric of
Darius; $5 for a silver tetradrachm of
Athens; $3 for a tetradrachm of Pto-
lemy I of Egypt, the first coin bearing
the actual portrait of a ruler; $8 for a
silver tetradrachm of Philip of Mace-
don; $3 for a didrachm of Corinth; $3
for a drachm of Terina; 7Sc for a cop-
per coin of King Herod; 7Sc for one
of Pontius Pilate; $3 for a Roman
denarius of the Emperor Tiberius (The
Tribute Penny of the Bible) ; $2.50 for
a silver denarius of Augustus Caesar;
$20 for a gold aureus of Nero; $6 for a
fine denarius of Julius Caesar; $3 for
a portrait denarius of Brutus; $4 for
one of Marc Antony; $3 for a por-
trait denarius of Marcus Aurelius; $8
for one of Constantine the Great; $6
for a silver penny of Alfred the Great;
$12 for a gold Angel of Henry VIII;
$2.50 for a fine portrait shilling of
Queen Elizabeth; $2 for a silver penny
of Sithric III of Ireland; $10 for a
testoon of Mary, Queen of Scots; $12
for a Pine Tree Shilling; and so on, to
mention but a few of the thousands of
interesting coins. Indeed many fine
Roman coins may be bought for less
than $2 apiece. I have before me a
sales list of Roman silver coins offered
by the foremost dealers in London, a
house of international reputation for
absolute reliability, a firm guaranteeing
its offerings. In this list I find seven-
teen Roman silver coins in fine condi-
tion dating from B. C. 93 to B. C. 82
aggregating a total of less than £4,
averaging less than four shillings apiece !
One of these coins pictures Veiovis,
"the little Jupiter" whose lightnings
were thought to produce deafness. An-
other bears on the reverse a triumphal
chariot recalling the solemn entry of
the chariots of the chief divinities on
the occurrence of the public games. A
third commemorates the heroic deeds of
M. Serveilius Pulex Geminus, who was
Consul in the year B. C. 202. And so
on with this selection taken at random.

About Prices

Fortunately for American collectors,
there are many numismatists in this
country who make offerings of inter-
esting coins at attractive prices, dealers
who are reliable and who frequently
hold public sales (auction sales) of pri-
vate collections that come into the mart.
The American Numismatic Society of
New York and other American numis-
matic organizations have greatly ad-
vanced our knowledge of coins and fine
examples of the coinage of all periods
are to be studied in our public collec-
tions—the Museum of the American
Numismatic Society and the Metropoli-
tan Museum of Art, New York, the U.
S. Mint, Philadelphia, and elsewhere.

Happily there are numerous moder-
ately priced books on the subject of
coins by competent authorities: "A
Short History of Coins and Currency"
by Lord Avebury (E. P. Dutton &
Company, New York) ; "The Evolution
of Coinage" by George MacDonald (G.
P. Putnam's Sons, New York) ; "Coins
and How to Know Them" by Gertrude
B. Rawlings (Frederick A. Stokes, New
York) ; "Common Greek Coins" by the
Rev. A. W. Hands (Spink & Son, Ltd.,
London) ; "Coins and Medals, Their
Place in History and Art," edited by
Stanley Lane-Poole (Elliot Stock, Lpn.
(Continued on page 96)

May, 1922

A MASTER PERFUMER'S TRIUMPH

It proves that a famous French
perfume can be the same — as
fragrant, as exotic, as lasting —
whether amid its own French
gardens or in far off America.
In exclusive French packings
of softly tinted Parisian tan.

VIVAUDOU'S

Extract, $1.50, $2.50, $6.00 Brilliantinc, solid, $1.0O

Toilet Water, $4.OO
Face Powder, $1.5O
Talcum, tin; .50, glass, .75
Lip Stick, .50
Sachet, $1.75

Rouge, $1.00

Poudre Compact, $1.00

Bath Salts, $1.25

Toilet Sets, 4 PCs.. $ 1 5.00

Boudoir Patties, $3.50

PARIS v I VA U D O U NEW YORK

MO. 7ii

The New Georgian Line

There's a suggestion of the Old Masters
in the grace and beauty of the MILLER
Georgian Line. Yet the prices of these
fixtures are low, and their sound con-
struction and enduring finishes adapt them
to the requirements of every modern home.
In harmonizing patterns for every room.

No. 71, 5-Light Fixture:

Old Brass and Black $32.85 (West of Rockies $35.35)
Silver and Black or Umber Bronze $39.40 (West of
Rockies $41.90).

No. 711, 2-Light Bracket:

Old Brass and Black $14.00 (West of Rockies $15.00)
Silver and Black or Umber Bronze $16.80 (West of
Rockies $17.80)

No. 577 3-Light Fixture:'

Old Brass and Black $31.50 (West of Rockies $33.00)
Silver and Black $37.80 (West of Rockies $39.30)

Old Brass and Black for living room or
library; Silver and Black for dining room.

Prices do not include bulbs or installation.

All MILLER Distributors are
shriving these fixtures. Write
for address c.f nearest dealer
— also for new booklet de-
scribing MILLER Fixtures
for every room.

Edward Miller & Co.

Established 1844

Meriden, Connecticut

68 and 70 Park Place, New York

125 Pearl Street, Boston
1 16 Charing Cross Rd., London, W.C.2

No. 577

House & Garden

Collecting the Coins of Yesterday

(Continued from page 94)

don) ; "The Coin Collector" by W.
Carew Hazlitt (George Redway, Lon-
don); "Handbook of Greek and Roman
Coins" by G. F. Hill (The Macmillan
Company, New York) ; and "A History
of Ancient Coinage, 700-300 B. C." by
Percy Gardner (Oxford University
Press).

The condition of a coin has much to
do with determining its particular val-
ue. A coin in mint state without a
scratch is, obviously, more to be de-
sired than a somewhat battered ex-
ample. The initiate does not always
realize this. Indeed some coins in a
poor state are considered valueless by
collectors, while in a few instances
unique coins or others of excessive

variety in like condition will be retained
in collections as historical pieces that
cannot well be dropped unless finer
pieces of the same minting are even-
tually discovered.

Coins and medals should never be
carelessly handled. They should be held
with fingers resting on their edges only;
never should a fine coin be thumbed,
nor should it ever be scoured. From the
collector's point of view, only a vandal
will carry a fine, rare coin as a pocket-
piece !

Dean Swift once remarked that "A
wise man should have money in his
head, but not in his heart." The coin-
collector will tell you he was halfway
right !

If You Are Going to Build

(Continued from page 71)

[01

Although in the 14th Century there
is an occasional account of the metal
spiral stairway and even of the old
stone circular stairs, it was really not
until the 16th Century that the flight
of stairs was considered essential to
home comfort and was recognized by
the English architects as an integral
part of the house. It was in those
earlier aspiring and gorgeous Gothic
days that the carpenter and carver ap-
peared adding great beauty to public
buildings and occasionally to domestic
architecture. But the glory of the join-
er did not arrive until the Elizabethan
period and the triumph of this crafts-
man was the stairway. Not only did
he add the wooden stairway to the
home but paneled rooms and ceilings
and fine overmantels.

It was in the early Renaissance that
homes began to take on an architectural
significance, with an ever greater de-
mand for stairways indoors. Two types
of staircases at once asserted themselves,
the plain, solid, straight flight up be-
tween two walls, usually starting from
the end of a great banqueting hall or
from the entrance of a palace up to the
refectory room; and then there were
the circular or newel stairways usually
found winding up from one story to
another where there was no hallway.
Occasionally when made of stone and
of majestic proportions, they circled up
in a deep well about a huge continued
newel post.

In the Norman Military architecture
there was seldom space for the straight
indoor flight, unless it was used in nar-
row tunnels in the thickness of the
walls. A striking exception to this is
found in Castle Rising, Norfolk, Eng-
land; and in some Norman keeps, like
the Castle Headingham, the first floor
was approached by outside stairs. The
artistic possibilities of the newel stair-
ways were quickly seen by the later
Gothic architects as well as succeeding
centuries, as witness the four-angle tur-
rets of the Norman keeps, the flanking
turrets to the Tudor gate houses, and
again in a variety of ways in the small
Elizabethan houses.

It was not until the beginning of the
17th Century that the convenient lit-
tle halls and passages found their ways
into houses. In one of John Thorphe's
plans he describes a "longe entry
throughe all"; but, in the main, rooms
opened one into another. And, as a
matter of fact, this is still customary in
many Continental cities. This, of
course, involved, and still does, the use
of the small spiral stairway — a device
which delighted the architects, who saw
the romance as well as the beauty of
these little flights of steps that so often
led to fine adventure and the making of
picturesque history. The use of the
spiral stairway continued in Italy long

after England had developed the more
splendid staircase in her stately halls.
France, too, held to her delight in this
romantic architectural feature.

But it was through Elizabeth's reign
that the spiral stairway developed in
use and beauty in the finer English
houses. In "English Stairways" we are
reminded of Bacon's essay of "Build-
ing" in which he makes the following
interesting observation on stairs: "The
stairs likewise to the upper rooms, let
them be upon a fair open newel, and
finely railed in with images of wood,
cast into a brass color; and a very
fair landing place at the top . . . Be-
yond this is to be a fair court, but three
sides of it of a far lower building than
the front. And in all the four corners
of that court fair staircases, cast into
turrets on the outside, and not within
the row of buildings themselves."

In Bacon's own house, we are told,
there was a delicate staircase of wood
which was curiously carved, and the
finial for every newel was a "pretty fig-
ure" such as "a grave divine with his
book and spectacles, a mendicant friar,
and not one twice."

But the really magnificent stairways
were something quite apart from the
charming little spirals or those adven-
turous flights of steps that were hidden
in the stone walls so sought by lovers
and warriwrs. They were the turret
stairway and the great circular stone
staircase that gave opportunity for the
finest architectural effects, as seen in the
decorated vaulting of the turret stairs
at Linlithgow which forms one of the
most imposing ascents from floor to
floor even in England's gorgeous his-
tory of stairways. From these imposing
straight and circular stairways of stone
and brick, impressive, solid and in-
destructible, developed in the latter half
of the 16th Century the "new" wooden
stairway, at once popularized in the
English country house of importance.
The use of thin boards for the frame-
work of steps came in, for treads and
the risers, in place of solid blocks of
stone and wood, permitting a lighter
structure and allowing the placing of
stairs for convenience without reference
to supporting side walls. These first
wooden stairs were bound together
with long wooden bearers called
"strings," set to the slope of the stair-
way, and the strings were made sub-
stantial and supported by newel posts
which appeared at the heading of each
flight of stairs and at the platforms, giv-
ing opportunity for the beginning of
interesting decoration of the stairways.
Of course, the handrail followed and
the balustrade, and the rich ornamenta-
tion of the stairway began.

The elaboration of this now essential
portion of the house, which had been,
(Continued on page 98)

May, 1922

Veteran Goodyear users tell
us that our tires today give
more than twice the mile-
age they did ten years ago

The average decrease in the
price of Goodyear Tires
since the year 19 JO is more
than sixty per cent

QUALITY WAS NEVER SO HIGH
PRICES WERE NEVER SO LOW

It is a favorite practice nowadays to refer
more or less sagely to the good values of
"before the war."

So far as tires are concerned, any such refer-
ence is an illusion.

The plain fact is, pre-war tire values were
only a pale shadow alongside those of today.
Every tire in the Goodyear line proves this
to be true.

If you are a veteran Goodyear user you have
probably noticed that our tires today give more
than twice the mileage they did ten years ago.
If you have compared the prices of then and
now you have seen that present Goodyear
prices are less than half of what they were.

30 x ly, Cross-Rib -K , n n -

Fabric $10.95

30 x3K All-Weather &1AHC

Tread Fabric $14.75

30 x 3# All-Weather A , Q nn

Trend Cord $lO.UO

32 x !</, Ail-Weather

Tread Cord

32x4 All-Weather
Tread Cord

33 xt All-Weather
Tread Cord

Just to make this clear, consider our 30x3^-
inch Cross-Rib clincher.

In 1910, for example, you paid $33.90 for
this size tire.

Today, for a vastly better tire of the same
type, you pay $10.95!

All other Goodyear Tires show similarly im-
portant reductions, the average decrease in
price since 1910 being more than 60 per cent.
Goodyear quality was never so high— Good-
year Tires today are larger, heavier and more
durable than ever before.

Goodyear prices were never so low — as the
figures here listed will show.

Manufacturer's tax extra

A- _ -~ 33 x 4# All-Weather

.$25.50 TreadXbrd

.$32.40 T

.$33.40 T

$42.85

$43.90

$54.75

House & Garden

Household
Linens

Exceptional reductions
in all Departments

s. s.

WHITE CRINKLE BED SPREAD

with Art Knot Monogram, em-
broidered in color desired, boxed
and laundered.

Single Bed Size $5.00 each

Double Bed Size 6.25 each

No. 71. Heavy Turk-
ish Bath Towels, size
22x45 in., complete
with a 4 in. letter in
any color $8.50 doz.

PLAIN STRIPES AND CONVEN-
TIONAL DESIGN

Cloths. 2 x2 yds.. .$14.65 each
Cloths, 2 x2i/2 yds... 19.15 each
Cloths. 2 x3 yds... 21.85 each
Cloths, 2%x2Vi yds... 18.90 each
Napkins, 22x22 in.... 16.85 doz.
Napkins, 24x24 in.... 20.00 doz.

No. 902

Italian Linen
3 piece Tray
Set, compris-
ing one I 6 x
24 in. Tray
Cover and 2
Napkins,
hand cut
needlepoint
edge.
Sale Price

$7.50

Complete

MAY SALE

LIST
ON REQUEST

SPECIAL— SETS OF SHEETS AND PILLOW CASES

Comprising one pair 72x104 ins. Cotton Sheets, and one pair 22x35
ins Pillow Cases, complete with hand embroidered monogram, boxed
and laundered .................... *12 75 set

Or with 90x104 ins. Cotton Sheets. .......... ' $13*75 set

Or in Pure Linen with 72x108 ins. Sheets ................ $26.50 set

Or in Pure Linen with 90x I 08 ins. Sheets .............. $30.75 set

ESTABLISHED 1766

BROS.

35% St.

AUo 587 Boylston St., Boston, Mass. LONDON & DUBLIN
Factory: Waringstown, Co. Down, Ireland

The wrought iron stairway in the library of
Clinton MacKenzie, architect, is notable for its
combination of grace in design and execution
and the practical and simple way it solves the
stairway problem

If You Are Going to Build

(Continued jrom page 96)

in the first place, developed only for
convenience and safety, led to a varia-
tion of types and ornament which
brought the stairway from this on into
close relation to architectural periods.
The two interesting classifications for
the wooden stairway, continuing to the
end of the Georgian period, would un-
doubtedly be the flat and often per-
forated baluster and the turned baluster,
both suscepti'ble of endless variation.
The Elizabethan joiners quite lost their
heads over the turned stairways, elabo-
rating them in every possible fashion.

Handrails which were at first fash-
ioned out of stout oak planks, ground
and moulded, gradually developed into
the flat section seen at the end of the
17th Century. These were often elab-
orately carved and made quite uncom-
fortable in those gorgeous Georgian
staircases.

Very seldom was stone used in the
new type of stairway, though France
had a revival of stone stairways after
the wooden structure was introduced,
and even in England beautiful stone
stairways were built at Hannock and at
Montacute, but they were the exception,
and it became the fashion to drape them
with rugs.

Once the 17th Century was in full
swing, the wooden stairways dominated
domestic architecture. In the great
halls, double flights were introduced as
having a more sumptuous effect, or a
single very wide flight stopping at a
landing part way up and breaking into
two flights at the right and left. To
give a richer effect to these great stair-
ways, beautiful architectural features
were introduced, such as the arcaded
screens, the continued newels, all of
which furnished opportunity for sculp-
ture and fine carving. The use of the
newels which were carried up from
itory to story, to strengthen the stair-
way, developed some of the most pic-
:uresque stairways of 17th and 18th
Century England; particularly beauti-
ful schemes were worked out in the
Jacobean period.

A quaint fashion in some of the fin-
est English stairways is a little gate
richly embellished with carving at the
foot of the staircase. This was called
the "dog gate" and was intended to

keep the dogs down in the banqueting
hall where they were always welcome.
An interesting illustration of one of
these old gates is shown in our article.
It was in the Renaissance that the
most elaborate of the newels and finials
were introduced. To have heraldic de-
signs on the finials became quite the
fashion, or at least a sculptured figure.
The rusticated work on the newels at
Rawdon House, the elaborate carving
on the newels of Aldermaston and the
fine pedestals with Ionic caps all give
an interesting impression of this fashion
for splendid stairways. In addition to
heraldry, grotesque figures, Greek
statues, Nature was also brought in to
ornament the stairway, and newels were
finished with baskets of fruit and vases
of flowers; while vines of foliage were
twisted into graceful balustrades. It
was at this time that Grinling Gibbons
and his school of carvers flourished.
One of the finest of these nature stair-
ways is at Tytenhanger, Herts, Eng-
land, beautifully embellished with fruit
and flowers. The string is carved with
leaves and the newel paneled with fruit,
and foliage rises above a vase of fruit.

The balustrade came in at this period,
usually with the flat perforated bal-
usters with low relief carving. Ex-
quisite examples of this are to be found
at Dorfield, Cheshire and at Charlton
House, Kent.

The birth of the domestic architect,
in the modern sense of the word, un-
questionably took place in the reign
of James the First. This was the time
in which Inigo Jones began his rarely
beautiful house designs throughout fash-
ionable England, incidentally develop-
ing stairways of great beauty both in
construction and ornamentation. He
introduced the simpler type of baluster
which had made its appearance in stone
in the Italian Renaissance. At this
time, Italy became the source of inspira-
tion for both England and France, and
fine Italian wrought iron was copied in
all the northern countries. It was the
very end of the 18th Century that iron
balusters were used to any extent in
England. From this on, the stairways
became lighter in structure, often with
wood and iron combined, culminating
(Continued on page 102)

May, 1922

No. 1761

Distinctive Crucet Daven-
port Lamp, 54" high in
Roman Uold and Black
Italian Marble effect com-
plete with 2 2" Roman
Gold Cabinet made Shade.

Prices ranging from

$45. to $150.

Fine Crucet Lamps in many different
styles and sizes, which add distinction
to the most beautiful room, may be had
from the leading dealer in your city.

Write for booklet "LOVELY LAMPS"

Crucet jHanufacturms Co.

291 Fifth Avenue New York City

No. 1772

Exquisite Crucet Bridge
Lamp 58" high with ad-
justable arm — in Roman
Gold and Black Italian
Marble effect. Complete
with 14" Micanite and
Silk Shade.

Prices from.

The Breakfast Room

THIS unique breakfast set — delightful in the
charm of its lines and decorations — would
be an interesting addition to your home.
Every piece of Elgin A. Simonds Company
Furniture has Individualism, whether it be a
period model, a reproduction of some historic
chair or one of these original and interesting
creations.

What furniture is in harmony with the furnish-
ings of your home? Our Department of Interior
Design will gladly help you with any problem.
Write us direct or through your dealer. The best
establishments everywhere carry Elgin A. fimonds
Company furniture.

Send for our helpful Booklet ^

"H" on furnishing your Home.

100

House & Garden

TAPESTRIES
ARE RESTFUL

ARE blending of colors, be-
coming even more harmo-
nious with age, gives to fine tapes-
tries a quiet, subdued aspect
which invites repose.

Inquiries invited through your Decorator, who
will oe fi/easea to give you a copy of our
new oooK/et "Tapestries with Histories."

ARTHUR-H LEE 6SOI2SSS

Makers of Period Fabrics

1501 HEYWORTH BUILDING

Chicago

ALLAN & MACPHERSON
31 Melinda St., Toronto

2 WEST 47th STREET

New York

BIRKENHEAD

England

A child's Windsor
chair in mahogany
is $17. In white
enamel $5.75. The
seat is 10" from the
floor

SEEN in the SHOPS for the NURSERY

Gaily colored flowers

in a blue basket makes

an ideal doorstop for a

nursery. $3.50

This wide awake bun-
ny can satisfactorily
guard any nursery door.
He is 8" high. $3.50

An imported linen with a fairyland design of "such

stuff as dreams are made on" comes in blue, yellow

and orange on a cream ground. 50". $5.75

Sometimes it is desirable to have furniture that can be folded up
and tucked away. The pieces above are white enamel done in
nursery chintz. Table 20" high, top 22" s<J. $3.75. Chair $2.75

Happily for ynji , n<e hai'c some 500 or more Decorative
Metal Grille Designs to choose fr^m, in the making of
your radiator enclosures.

All of them arc made from modellings executed by master
craftsmen who have a lore for their work.

Convert Your Obtrusive Radiators
Into Cosy Window Seats

THAT is exactly what the owner of this house
did. The local builder made the wood work,
and we finished the Decorative Metal Grilles, in
designs and finish to harmonize with their various
room treatments.

This one in the music room happens to be a simple
but delightful hand modelled design, cast in dec-
orative metal and then antiqued with a special
bronze plating, giving a solid bronze effect at a
quarter the cost.

Happily for you we have a very informative little
booklet which shows you a goodly lot of likely
enclosure suggestions.

Likewise, sketches of our standard grilles adap-
table for various treatments.

Always, however, we are glad to make up special
designs of your own, or those we might suggest,
for your exclusive use.

You are heartily welcome to the booklet.

TUTTLE & BAILEY MFC Co.

2 West 45th St. New York

^riKSSSgBSSSSfflSs;^^

' No. 28610.

Height without links.
26 inches

For the

Colonial Hallway

REFINED DIGNITY character-
izes the restrained lines of this
olden time Lantern, and gives it a
wide range of use. It may appro-
priately be placed in the Georgian
or Colonial Hallway, near the final
curve of a graceful winding stair
with its delicate white spindles and
polished mahogany rail ; or it may
be placed in homes whose furnish-
ings are of no distinct period.

Finished in Colonial or stained
brass, with clear glass cylinder.

We shall he pli-ased to submit sketches
and advice to those genuinely interested
in correct lighting fixtures.

Write for our small fort/olio showing a
few authentic pieces. Prices on request.

Robert Phillips Co., Inc.

Artisans in all Metals
101 Park Ave. (at 40lh Street) New York City

The Brambach Baby Grand

An artistic, compact achievement in Piano Building.
Only 4 ft. 8 inches in length — the Brambach Baby
Grand is endowed with a remarkable, well-rounded,
mellow, musically satisfying tone. A beautiful in-
strument at a remarkably moderate price.

Displayed and sold by foremost piano dealers everywhere.

BRAMBACH PIANO CO.

MARK P. CAMPBELL. President
645 West 4Qth Street New York City.

Kindly «end me a Brambach Catalog, together with a Paper
Pattern ihowing the exact floor space the Brambach requires.

102

DECORATIVE LIGHTING FITMENTS

COLOR is for the first time made the
dominant note in lighting fitments
through the decoration in Silver Estofado
and Gold Estofado employed in Riddle
Fitments.

Thus the lighting installation, including
wall and ceiling pieces, luminors, chair and
table lamps, is brought into the general
color scheme in a way that enriches and
beautifies the whole interior.

Riddle Fitments are beautifully and
durably wrought of metal. \Ye suggest
that you see them at your dealer's, if you
are interested in fitments of truly decora-
tive and artistic character.

The Riddle Fitment
Book

This is an informative book
illustrated with full-color re-
productions of Riddle Fit-
men ts for every rcsidcn tia I
lighting need. It should
prove of special value to
those intending to build, re-
model or re-decorate. Copy
sent on request.

The Edward N. Riddle
Company

Toledo, Ohio

Makers of lighting fitments
since 1892

This wall bracket, fitted with
Vellumesque shades, har-
monizes with ceiling piece
above. A t right is shown
one of the Riddle torcheres.

House & Garden

If You Are Going to Build

(Continued from page 98)

stairway are practical rather than esthet-
ic, because, although we are interested
in fine architecture and in beautiful,
graceful interior details, we remain a
comfort-loving people. We insist that
our stairs are easy to climb, convenient-
ly located in relation to the most used
rooms of the house and, if possible, fire-
proof. Although in the main the mod-
els which we use or devise are very
simple, they are carefully thought out
in relation to the type of architecture
and of course in relation to the wood-
work and general color scheme.

Where our architects are following
period designs in architecture, naturally
the stairways are made to conform to
each particular style. For our square,
delicately toned, cement Italian houses,
we use gracefully curving stairways sup-
ported by the wall on one side and pro-
tected by hand wrought Italian balus-
trades on the other side. Quite often
fine antique handrails, balusters and
newels are brought over from Italy and
set up in these interestingly developed
Italian homes, which seem especially
appropriate to the water edge of our
Long Island landscape. One of our il-
lustrations in this article is the library
of the office of Clinton McKenzie, a
very charming, simple stairway with a
wrought iron balustrade, a straight lit-
tle flight of steps, without curve or
elaborate ornamentation, but beautiful
to a degree, proving how significant it
is to use architectural detail only to
accomplish the purpose for which it is
needed. And it is in this way that we
will undoubtedly develop stairways, es-
sentially in harmony with the new
variation of architecture which is
springing up in the country, and which
is gradually, and quite rightly, becom-
ing known as "American."

In looking over the illustrations used,
simplicity will be found to be the key-
note of the modern stairway in this
country, whether it is touched by the
beauty of old Italian designs or in-
fluenced by the delicate charm of the
Adam brothers. Of course, we are
showing our much loved Colonial stair-
way, both the single stairway with
landing and the double Colonial design,
so much used in the finest of the old
New England and Southern homes.

in the delicate intricacies of those grace-
ful, artistic stairs designed by the Broth-
ers Adam, a beautiful example of which
is seen in Gawthorpe House. At this
time, both in England and France, the
perfection of stairway achievement as
an architectural detail was reached.
After this there were many modifica-
tions and imitations and weak embel-
lishments until the stairway became a
more or less utilitarian product, re-
maining so in some of the most charm-
ing houses, down to present day archi-
tecture of England and the Continent.

Here in America the stairway, of
course, comes under the head of es-
sentially modern architectural detail,
and we have been completely domi-
nated, from the first of our stairways
to the present day, by what we have
called the Colonial type, which is often
a free standing stair with extremely
graceful outline, inspired somewhat by
the late 18th Century English stairways
and those beautiful combinations of
wood and metal which were developed
in England by Robert Adam.

Of course, we also have the solid
wood stairway with one or two land-
ings to break the flight, with one wall
as protection and support. These are
used particularly in our more simple
homes. We are also, especially in our
very modern houses where the question
of fire-proofing comes in, developing the
concrete stairway, which, in spite of its
qualities of safety and strength, can be
made exceedingly graceful and ap-
propriate to the richest interior decor-
ation.

In addition to the fire-proof concrete
stairways, the ingenuity of American
manufacturers has evolved flights of
stairs with steel frames. Of course, in
the main, these are planned for the
super-structures of big cities — factories,
hotels, hospitals, schools, etc. Yet, in
some domestic architecture, the steel
framed stairs are found, finished with
iron or bronze balustrade and handrail.
Manufacturers are also making the all-
iron stairway, and very picturesque ef-
fects are gained by a good use of iron
in this way. Iron is also combined with
wooden treads and risers and with con-
crete.

The real problems in the modern

The Spirit of the House

(Continued from page 48)

as a matter of fact, old houses are usual-
ly more comfortable than modern ones)
would not live in an old house, at any
price. They prefer newness, a spotless,
unworn immaculacy of modernity.
They don't want anything about them
that has been used before. The touch
of a varnished hand on old furniture
does not appeal to them. Their own
lives are new, they would seem to say,
their surroundings shall be new to
match. No new wine in old bottles.
Perhaps it is a form of egoism, as per-
haps, too, it is a form of fear. An old
house must be shared with those who
lived in it before. It casts a shadow
over our own importance, it casts a
shadow, too, over our hopes and joys.
It menaces them or at least moralises
over them. Generations of lovers hap-
py as we have dreamed as we in our
turn now dream in the old rooms, their
children's feet were once heard in them
as we thrillingly hear the feet of our
own little ones this very hour, and,
well . . . they are dust. You cannot
even find them in the churchyard.

The familiar thought diminishes our
sense of originality and dims for us our
vivid moment. What is the old house,

after all, but a memento mori? We
shall die soon enough, but why domi-
cile ourselves with the thought?

So it is that some fear an old house,
and flee with chilled hearts to the par-
quet floors over which no dead feet
have glided, switch on the flooding
electric lights, and turn on the victrola.
In their brand-new house, they can once
more feel their brand-new selves. And
it is well, and quite understandable.

But there are others, less anxiously
and exorbitantly "themselves" perhaps,
who prefer to sink the fret and hurry
of their little egoism in the sense of
the continuity of human experience
which an old house companionably
brings them. That the rooms have been
lived and loved in — even died in —
makes them all the more livable. That
the old garden has given its violets and
gillyflowers to deck vanished bosoms
makes them the more fragrant today.
There seems a veritable understanding
and sympathy in the old place, like the
felt presence of invisible friends, and
all we experience there of sorrow or
joy seems not lonely in its bitterness,
nor selfish in its rapture. Our experi-
(Continued on taee 104)

May, 1922

103

07/

'(LM

INTERIOR^ "DECORATIONS'

55tft St

The Breakfast Room meets
a real psychological need,
particularly when it brings
indoors, as a background
for the day's work, the very
spirit of the garden.

AN UNUSUALLY GRACEFTJL SCONCE ADAPTABLE
TO ANY INTERIOR. BACK PLATE. CHAINS AND
PRISMS OV GLASS IN COLORS W3IITK
AND LA.VKNINSR, >VHITE AND
OR -»VIIIITE AND GREEN ....

DISTINCTIVE KTJRNITTJRE

CHINTZES

COUNTRY HOUSE WAIUL. TAPER

INTERIOR DECORATION OJP AIJ- KINDS

Candlewick Bedspreads

The mere name conjures up the charming old pieces.
These unique spreads are made entirely by hand by the
mountaineers much as in the olden days. Can be had all
white or in shades to match any color scheme. Curtain
drapes. Valances, Scarfs or tidies to match.
The spreads are edged with heavy hand made fringe.
Size 72x108 . . . . $18.00
Size 90x108 . . . .21.00

land 3 Vest 37th Street Newar

AT FIFTH AVENUE.

Me Gibbon

^01-

Satis faction

UNMISTAKABLE
ARTISTRY

appreciation -wnicn
greets Rorimer- Brooks de-
signs is equally prompt from
men and \?omen to •wnom
furniture is sometning v?itK
\vKicK to lr?e as it is from
students and connoiseurs
•wno instictively gauge it on
its artistic merits. PerKaps
no KigKer praise can be
given.

A noted authority propKesies tHat
Rorimer-Brooks pieces will be
treasured as family Heirlooms and
vJill be sougKt out by museums.

Studios

INTERIOR

DECORATORS

AND
CRAFTSMEN

OBJET^'j-ABT
SV«nu«

CLEVELAND. OHIO

House & Garden

The Spirit of the House

(Continued from page 102)

ence is not diminished but aggrandised
by the fact that the wise old house has
known it all before so many times, so
many times. And should it chance that
those who thus companionably haunt
the old house are of our own people,
then indeed we may say we are at home.
Old houses, also, apart from their
thus having been seasoned by humanity,
provide that imaginative escape from
the present — these horrible times in
which we live, and the shadow of the
more horrible future threateningly
ahead — which will become more and
more a necessity for really civilized peo-
ple. No one lives as much in the pres-
ent as he believes. The most practical
protect their lives by some form of il-
lusion. The Romantic Past, historically
speaking, may be an illusion, but it is
none the less an imaginative reality.
As we look back, there are certain
"spacious times," and "golden ages"
where our spirits seem more at home
than in our particular "living present,"
and whither we would fain transport

ourselves. There are old houses up and
down the world which do this for us
like a magic carpet. Those of us who
are able to live where we please need
only choose our century, and find our-
selves there by buying or renting say
a house in Aries, an abbey in Touraine,
or a veritable castle in Spain on the
slopes of the Pyrenees. If we prefer
Oriental to Occidental civilization, we
can migrate to Stamboul or acquire a
rose-garden in Persia; or, if we prefer
a home that suggests no civilization at
all, or the ways of no particular race of
men, we can buy a coral island, and
out of the coral rock build for ourselves
a white palace, which shall be filled
neither with the ache of human mem-
ories, nor with the voices of the hurry-
ing hours, but which shall dream all
day in an azure solitude, peopled only
by radiant impersonal presences, where,
as in the house of Duarisdeer, there
shall be "a sound of the sea in all its
chambers," and at night we shall hang
suspended in a mirror of stars.

MODEL ROOMS

The Architectural League Exhibition

NO one questions the great value of
the Architectural League annual
exhibitions. They are so signifi-
cant, in fact, that they should be held
every year in all the principal cities of
this country. The Architectural League
does for the building and home
making world what the country fair
used to do for the farmer, bringing
workers together and enlightening the
layman.

At least, this is what the New York
League used to do ; but in the recent
exhibitions, we notice an increasing ten-
dency to enlarge the scope of the League,
almost to change the purpose of the
organization. It has become less an
architectural exhibit and more an oppor-
tunity for the display of all kinds of
housefurnishings and decorations from
wrought iron to porcelains. All inter-
esting as side issues of the League; but
encroaching so on the original purpose
of the exhibition that this year, houses
and gardens have become the side issues.
And of the architectural designs shown,
fully fifty per cent were public buildings,
mausoleums and memorials. It is almost
as though the League this year had
offered a prize for the most elaborate
monumental work; and homes, charm-
ing, friendly, American homes, are the
exception, not the rule.

Unquestionably in this country all
roads lead to the home. And of course
the homemaker wants to know about
furnishings and fittings, about such rich
silks as were displayed at the League
by the Cheney Brothers; the rarely fine

reproductions of Hepplewhite furniture
displayed by the Kensington Company;
it is interesting to realize that the
Danersk people reproduce not only fine
Colonial walnut with a surface like
velvet but copy old pine Georgian doors,
with quite the beauty of form and orna-
mentation of the original; we like a
glimpse of Sargent's decorations for the
Boston Museum, as much as we can
like any of Sargent's decorations; and
we are interested in the batik banners
made by everybody for every known
purpose.

The display of stained-glass windows
is important as are the American rugs
and carpets and floors. But in the
main, what we go to the Architectural
League for with a high heart every
March is to see domestic architecture,
and gardens appropriate to American
houses and scenery, to find out what
the architects are planning, and to see
in what way the builders realize the
architect's plans. We don't care a hang
about the way the exhibition looked last
year up at the Metropolitan Museum of
Art. We went to it. And having no
guide we couldn't find any houses and
gardens at all.

How the houses in this country are
being made more beautiful, comfortable,
convenient and practical — what new
building materials have been developed
— what new roofs are being manu-
factured— what new colors have been
devised in paints and stains — how our
houses can be made weatherproof, sun-
(Continued on page 108)

An early American room designed and decorated by William Laurel
Harris. Pinkish walls and woodwork with 'walnut furniture. Up-
holstery materials by Orinoko Mills; furniture, Kensington Mfg. Co.;
lighting fixtures, Sterling Bronze Co.

Danersk decorative
furniture — Exquisite
artistry in colors
of your choice

WHAT is more delightful for a
guest room than a well planned
group of decorative furniture, finished
in the colors of your choice and exe-
cuted with exquisite artistry. You do
not need to compromise on stock pieces
made for a thousand others if you will
call at one of our salesrooms.

For example, a Windsor group of
Early American pieces may be finished
in antique Venetian blue and gold with

a colorful theme in harmony with your
chintz; or a totally different scheme
such as grey-green and black with
diminutive flower festoons on the black
background.

Danersk Furniture for all rooms of
the house must be seen to be under-
stood. Decorators and their clients
are always welcome.

ERSKINE-DANFORTH CORPORATION

2 West 47th Street, New York
315 No. Michigan Ave., Chicago 643 So. Olive St., Los Angeles

Send for Early American Brochure C-5

GUARANTEED,

Silky Sunfast Fabrics

Colors bright as the flowers of spring, or gorgeous as autumn
leaves. Designs, the acme of beauty and refinement. Fabrics,
the utmost in silky loveliness. And yet KAPOCK'S "Long-Life
Colors"anddoublewidthforsplittingmakeitthefabriceconomical.

Send your dealer's name and receive copy of'KAPOCK.
SKETCH BOOK" beautifully illustrated in colors.

A. THEO. ABBOTT fe? CO.

Dept. C Philadelphia, Pa.

Be sure it's KAPOCK. Genuine has •>•

name or white basting thread on selvage. V

SIMPLICITY AND -Oil
IN A GF.ORG1AN SO

GASSIDY COMPANY

INCORPORATED

'Designers and ^Manufacturers of Lighting Fixtures

Since 1867

101 PARK AVENUE AT FORTIETH STREET
NEW YORK CITY

106

House & Garden

DIRECTORY0/DECORATION 8 FINE ARTS

The Little Gallery

DECORATIVE ACCESSORIES
REPRODUCTIONS OF
ANTIQUE BROCADES

4 East 48th Street, New York City

Ctoft»nv*a

of lliiTiNtTiorv —

2.53 CHVI\CH ii-

OtKst basi

. taoti -
T" d.ia.n. &" hit^x | 5. 50-

arx, in.
t- i r\ s

MACBRIDE

'THE Bouse OF THKHI: GABLES'*'
17 \VKST 51»T ST., NEW YORK

Carved Wood
Lamp $30.00
Antique Oak
Table £92.00

Oriental Rug
Distinction

means thick, glowing an-
tiques made for love of
art. About 100 found an-
nually, are harmonics of
color. Such is my collec-
t i o n . Descriptive list
mailed to critical rug
folks. Then, if you like,
I will prepay the most in-
teresting pieces on ap-
proval for selection.

Prices are down one-half and
are on 1912 basis, despite de-
creasing supplies, no produc-
tion, and advancing prices
abroad.

L. B. Lawton, Skaneateles, N.Y.

DARN LEY

34 E. 48th St.

Inc.

WROUGHT IRON
FLOWER OR IVY
STAND. 40 IN.
HIGH. WITH
COPPER BOWL
i 3 IN. DIAM.
ANTIQUE OR
GREEN FINISH.

COMPLETE $18.

NEW YORK

•aillllllllllllllllir'il. •%,_ Jill • ;:.. • ... . .••••••••IIIIIIH

Filet Net
Curtains

THE most beautiful of all
curtains. Hang straight,
wear well, launder perfectly.
Hand-made in original de-
signs, $10 per pair up. Net
by the yard, thread by the
skein.

Hand-woven fabrics in ar-
tistic coloring suitable for
draperies and furniture
covering. Hand-woven rugs
to match color schemes.

Call or send for circular.

Harriet de R. Cutting

6 EAST 37th STREET
NEW YORK CITY

»il»iii:' i

The Mood of Summer

Are you planning to dress your rooms in their
warm-weather garb? And are you a- little in
doubt about the decorations — or where to get
them? Then let House Si Garden help you.
Write to

Information Service
HOUSE & GARDEN

ig West 44th St., New York

Pinkham

The fifth generation of Maine
weavers braid Pinkham Rugs for
you in their own homes. They take
honest pride in their handicraft.
And every Pinkham Rug has woven
into it the sturdiness and individual-
ity that form the peculiar merit and
the beauty of the hand-made.

Braided in rounds and in ovals of
soft-toned new materials and on sale
at the leading stores. Endless color
combinations. Send us samples of
your chintzes and wall coverings.
Our artists, without charge, will sub-
mit color sketches in harmony.

PINKHAM ASSOCIATES, Inc.

Your Summer Porch

This Porto Rican wicker basket
fastens on the arm of your favorite
porch chair, and conveniently holds
books and magazines. The tray
would be ideal for serving iced
drinks in summer. The little
basket lends a charming touch of
color to the porch table.
Large Basket $4.00 Tray $1.50
Small Banket $2.00

38 East 48th St. New York C ty

The Platt Shop

For Interior Decorations

and Furnishings at

moderate prices

Write or telephone

THE PLATT SHOP, Inc.

1 East 46th Street

New York
Telephone Murray Hill 5054

Hand Painted in Antique Effect

STUDIO

219 East 60th Street

May, 1922

107

JESSICA TREAT

Interior Decoration
Architectural Advice
Decorative Objects

1512 Harlem Boulevard

Rock ford, Illinois

NEW YORK SCHOOL of
INTERIOR DECORATION J

Id PARK. AVE -NEW YORK. CITY

Correspond

ence

Courses

Send for Catalogue H.

Design 259 Brass iS" High

EAM.Y AMERICAN ANDIRONS
Reproduced in Brass and Iron

This pair $10.00
Catalogue H sent on request

THE H.W. CO VERT COMPANY
137 East 46th Street, New York.

The MACBETH GALLERY

8
9
2

1
9

2
2

"Peacock Feather-

FOR THIRTY YEARS

DEVOTED TO THE SALE OF PAINTINGS BY

AMERICAN ARTISTS

Anniversary number of ART NOTES mailed on request

450 Fifth Avenue

at Fortieth Street

New York City

Qenuine

DISTINCTIVE CREATIONS

There's an atmosphere of re-
finement and quiet elegance
about Reed Shop Designs that
makes them pre-eminent in the
realm of Reed Furniture.

HIGHEST QUALITY
BUT NOT HIGHEST PRICED

Our showing of Imported Novelty Cretonnes and Linens for deco-
rative purposes includes Patterns and Colorings to meet every
requirement — an unusual line that must be seen to be appreciated.

Come in and let us solve your Drapery Problems for you

TR5 REED SHOP. INC.

581 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK

"Suggestions in Reed Furniture" forwarded on receipt of 25c postage.

Your Garden

From the commonplace to
the interesting is but a
short step. Even the ordi-
nary garden may have
charm and individuality
through the addition of a
bit of statuary, a bird-bath,
or a vase; and superb ef-
fects can be achieved by
those who give a little
thought to the harmony
that exists between verdure
and weathered stone. Study
the possibilities of your
garden. Our catalogue il-
lustrating a great variety
of garden ornaments ex-
ecuted in Pompeian Stone, at prices that are practically nor-
mal, will provide innumerable suggestions.

THE ERKINS STUDIOS

Established 1910

240 Lexington Avenue, at 34th Street, New York

BEATTY&BEATTY

101 Park Avenue
New York

Consultation

Direction

Development

Gardens

Sun Rooms

Interiors

and
Garden Rooms

The Nightrack

A\ orderly attendant for day clothes
at night. Each garment has its
place — all in one place. Clothing
held to form, freshened and ventilated.
Racks in mahogany and walnut. Ivory
and colored enamels on maple made to
match samples. A useful and attractive
service for bed and dressing rooms. For
men's and women's clothes. Price $15.

STUDIOS

DECORATORS STUDIOS

222 WEST 23rd STREET NEW YORK

18th

Century

English

Urn

$30.00

Longfellow Tray Empire
$25.00 Flower

Urn $25.

Early
English
Tray
$20.00

Turned Crane Bracket Table $56.00

INTERIOR DECORATIONS

Telephone Watkins 6200

108

House &• Garden

/Tilloiv FurniturQ

should b<2 moro than
beautiful <^\r^

it should wear a Life-time

EVERLAST Willow Furniture
is made with a two-fold pur-
pose— to add charm to your
home and to give a lifetime of
service.

The expert construction of Ever-
last Willow Furniture positively
prevents sagging and minimizes the
wear so that even years of constant
service will not diminish its lasting
qualities.

Pleasingly designed and brightened
with beautiful cretonnes, Everlast
Willow Furniture will make your
home cheerful, attractive and a
more delightful place to live in.

Ask to see Everlast Willow Furni-
ture. It is on sale at the better
Furniture and Department Stores.
You can tell it by the Red and
White Guarantee Tag.

Made only by

UNITED STATES WILLOW

FURNITURE CO.
Hoboken New Jersey

Guarantee

Look for This Tag

It protects you against
inferior "willow." "fibre"
and "reed" products. It
is to bo found solely on
Kverlast Willow Furni-
ture.

Note This Scientific
Construction

It re-inforc.es the seat
the legs and the sides.
It gives the furniture
durability far exceeding
requirements. It is so
unique that patents have
been applied for to pro-
tect it. It is to be found
solely in Everlast Willow
F'urfiiture.

WILLOW
RNITURE

Goocf for a

A living room designed by Mortimer Lichtenauer; rich mural

decoration on plaster watts, red and yellow brocade at the door ;

oak furniture, Kensington Mfg. Co.; wrought iron fixtures by

Sterling Bronze Co.

Model Room

(Continued from page 104)

proof, waterproof — how the finest of
our architects are actually developing
an American domestic architecture — to
what extent this architecture varies in
the east, west, south and north — to
solve these problems are the reasons
why we visit the Architectural League.

For the sake of architects all over this
country, for the sake of people who
want to build, who want lovely appro-
priate gardens, the League should be
really made an educational course in
the designing of houses and in the mak-
ing of gardens. But this is not true at
present. I fancy people go to the
League to study architecture and land-
scape gardening, and then go away and
read HOUSE & GARDEN, which never
fails in any issue to present new domes-
tic architecture of the finest type and
suitable gardens.

Of course, in spite of our seeking
mainly houses and gardens, at the re-
cent exhibition, our attention was ar-
rested and our imagination thrilled with
Bertram Goodhue's magnificent design
for the proposed Capitol at Lincoln,
Nebraska — an architecture superb in
purpose, practical in intention, suited to
the landscape and essentially a glorious
exposition of the spirit, the finest spirit
in this country.

We were also much interested in the

envelope idea in relation to the new
New York Zoning Law, the envelope
being the form in which the building in
right proportion and size is contained
and which is developed by the archi-
tect into the design which will be archi-
tecturally complete. We liked, too,
Mrs. Macgonigle's fantastic designs for
playing-cards. And most enchanting
were the Swedish porcelains by Mrs.
Oakley Todden, Jr. We were arrested
also by the new concrete mixture with
which walls may be covered, even by an
amateur, and on which mural paintings
can be made in a most delightful fashion.

Perhaps the most fascinating exhibi-
tion of all was the collection of small
size model interiors, each one having
been designed and executed by well
known artists with every detail of fit-
ting in the room, supplied by authorities
on that particular line of work. The
finest reproductions of antique furniture
was shown in miniature with beautiful
wrought iron fittings, interesting mural
decorations and some delightfully origi-
nal schemes of decoration, by such men
as Arthur Covey, Mortimore Lichten-
auer, Julius Gregory, Arthur Crisp, Wil-
liam Laurel Harris. Reproductions of
these rooms are being used to illustrate
this article.

M. F. R.

An architectural scheme of living room by Ely Jacques Kahn. Bril-
liant mural decorations by Arthur Crisp. Cushions and rugs by Grace
Ackerman. Metal fixtures by the Sterling Bronze Co. General tone
pinkish yellow

A unique bedroom decorated by Morris Hewlett represents an experi-
ment with both radical color and delicate tones in one small room.
Gorgeous green and blue mural makes background for the bed. Furni-
ture by C. R. Mopson

May, 1922

109

The Heating Story
of this House

— as told by the Owner

JVlANY people seem to think that filling the home with "hot air", solves the house
heating problem. They forget the dangers and disadvantages which lurk in such methods.
Fresh, wholesome air is essential to the successful and healthful heating of any home.
The moment your home becomes permeated with air contaminated by fire gases and poisons
that moment does your heating plant cease to serve and begins to destroy.

Any home can be comfortably heated, yet amply
supplied with fresh, pure air, gently heated
to the proper temperature by the use of the

FARQUAR

SANITARY HEATING

SYSTEM

A fire box that is positively air-tight, — electrically
welded without rivets or seams, — prevents any possible
escape of gases or poisons.

Cool, fresh air is brought into the air chamber at
bottom of furnace, then passed upward, along and over
the welded steel fire box, where it is gently heated,
then distributed into the rooms at a temperature not
exceeding ISO degrees F.

r'arQuar Heated Homes are always fresh and com-
fortable; never "close" and "stuffy" with scorched or
superheated air.

Interesting Booklet on Heating— FREE

"The Science of House Heating" is an
attractive booklet prepared especially for
home owners. It tells some interesting facts
about the Modern and Scientific Method of
House Heating and Ventilation. A copy
will be mailed free on request.

The Farquhar Furnace Co.

704 FarQuar Bldg. Wilmington, Ohio, U.S.A.

Residence of John B. So$up. Cincinnati

Here's a letter Mr. Sokup wrote
in 1909:

"The FarQuar Steel Self-Regu-
lating Furnace fully meets every re-
quirement. The self -regulating de-
vice never fails to operate. My home
is comfortable at all times. I fully
believe it has saved me many dollars
in doctor and coal bills. 'The Far-
Quar' certainly does all that you
clainv for it."

— then in July, 1921, 12 years
later, he wrote this letter :

"The FarQuar Furnace installed
fifteen years ago has given entire
satisfaction. For the first eight years
we used Coal and for the last seven
years have used Gas. It is economi-
cal with either fuel. We have never
found it necessary to make any re-
pairs since the furnace was installed
and it is in perfect condition today.
It surely is a pleasure to recommend
an article that has given such en-
tire satisfaction."

It is such evidence that proves
FarQuar Efficiency.

A Cheerful
Radiance
at the
Gate—

Reflects true Hospitality Beyond

Graced by standing or bracket lamps, the impressiveness of your
gate is enhanced, its beauty increased, and its welcome made doubly
inviting. And what is more significant of warm hearts and warm
hearths, within the home itself, than the cheerful beams of a
picturesque door lantern, or the glow of a quaint porch light?

Yet the benefits of exterior lighting are twofold — for these rays
of invitation to those you know both warn and repel the mischief-
maker or evildoer.

Smyser-Royer Exterior Lighting Fixtures

meet every need of the modest suburban home, the extensive country estate,
or the public building. Years of experience in metal working has developed
a line which includes everything from a simple bracket lantern to the most
elaborate lighting effects.

And the name — Srryser-Royer — is a tangible, time-tested guarantee of su-
perior craftsmanship and long-lasting, weather-resisting beauty.

SMYSER-ROYER COMPANY

Main Office and Works: York, Pa.

Philadelphia Office: 1609 Sansom St.

SEND US THIS REQUEST BLANK

for "The Lamp of Hospitality," a little book containing
son* interesting information on Exterior Lighting. Every
architect and contractor should have our Catalog "F."

Name . . .
Address.

the W. Irvmg Forge, me.

Tlie W '. Irving
Knocker
No. 613

hand forced

^Colonial

hardware.

TRADE MARK

W. Irving HAND-FORGED
HARDWARE is moft dis-
tinctive HARDWARE

For Homes, Churches,
Camps or Bungalows of
individuality.

Lighting Fixtures, Bells,
Lanterns, Shoe Scrapers,
Toasting Forks, Fireplace
Sets, etc.

No. 161

The W. Irving Hinge No. 60

Write us or visit our shop

326-328 Cast 38*51 HewYorfe Gite

telephone fturray mil 8536.

110

This Fiske
Ornamental Gate

IT is the correct sort of entrance gate for a
lawn fence — to be used with a chain-link
fence (as illustrated) as well as with an orna-
mental iron fence.

It has both beauty and endurance — is rust-proof
and sturdily made.

The Fiske chain-link lawn fence and this hand-
some entrance gate make an ideal installation for
enclosing the lawn.

The great longevity of Fiske fencing is not only
the result of rugged construction, but also be-
cause the wire fabric is galvanized after, not be-
fore, it is woven.

We contract to do either the installation work or
to furnish plans and blueprints with full erect-
ing instructions.

Send for Fiske catalog 15

Garden Table

Folding and permanent
wrought-iron tables ; also
heavier cast iron tables.
All rust-proofed the Fiske
way. Send for special
catalog.

Weather Vane

Fiske weather vanes of
every description, simple
or elaborate in design.
Also special designs. Made
of copper. Send for spe-
cial catalog.

Garden Chair

Wide variety of designs in
garden chairs arid settees to
choose from. Rust-proofed
against all sorts of weather.
Send for garden chair catalog.

Kl 6 K £* IRON
1. 1.9JVW WORKS

ORNAMENTAL IRON WORK

8O Park Place ^ New York

ESTABLISHED 1858

House &• Garden

The Advantages of the Oil Range

(Continued from page 75)

a lamp wick. Nothing new in this.

6. Watch your reservoir; never allow
it to run dry or your range to burn
dry. Form the habit of watching it
daily, and you will never regret it.

7. Under usual circumstances one
wick should last several months.

8. Clean wicks daily for best service.

9. Correct unevenness of the wick wi'th
a pair of scissors.

10. For re-wicking, arresting any other
troubles, consult the "guide book,"
which gives directions simply.

11. But remember when you get any
kind of range you must set it up
solidly and level before filling with
oil or cooking upon it. Put it in
a part of the kitchen away from
draughts and where you would put
any other stove.

12. Every range has special directions
for inverting reservoir and re-
filling, but in the best types it is
always very easy and simple, need-
ing no strength or skill.

And so in the best type of the wick
range we have the possibility of cook-
ing everything that any family or its
guests need.

Wicks are easily bought all over the
world. The stoves heat rapidly; the
oil reservoir is easy to fill; your hands
need never be oily, unless through
crass carelessness. There is a basin
shaped stove base to collect char and
dirt and the feed pipe is so placed as
to make cleaning easy.

All the parts should be easily remov-
able for cleaning and all should be
simple and visible in every part. This
grown up lamp should have all these
modern twists.

In the best of the wick type you
should have the best vitreous enamel,
where it is enameled, baked in at least
three times; solid brass wick tubes;
best grade of steel tubing and heavily
tinned plate pipes where necessary.

In the long chimney wick type the
flame never touches the vessel. In
the short drum type the flame does
touch. One wick type manufacturer
makes a perfect long chimney type yet
also makes a short drum type to give
all consumers their hearts' desire.

Wickless Ranges

The wickless, as its name implies,
has no wick but carries the heat directly
to the cooking vessel and therefore
shortens the cooking time a little as the
heat reaches the spot more quickly than
it can in the long, non-flame touching
type of range.

In this type of range a kindler is
employed. This kindler is a round
asbestos ring (costs about 10 cents to
replace) which lies in the burner bowl
and is slightly corrugated at the top
and stiffened by a metal band. Its
function is not that of a wick at all.
It is rather the self-starter of the stove
and its business is to light the oil and
start the cooking. The stove is lighted
by applying the match to the kindler
which is saturated by oil (from its
very position) and this ignition of the
kindler furnishes sufficient heat to the
surface of the oil to turn it into a gas.
After the burner is started the heat
automatically keeps the gas forming
(vaporizing) as long as there is oil in
the burner. So you can see that all
the kindler does is start the gas ball
rolling.

The wickless type of range is
equipped with a 12" seamless burner,
which will last several years. The
regulation of the heat is managed by
lowering or elevating the oil in the
burner bowl. The greater the area of
oil exposed on which the heat from the
kindler ring can act the greater the
amount of gas formed and released, and

inversely the smaller the area of oil sur-
face exposed, etc.

This range, in its best forms, em-
ploys a lever with dial, which when
turned by the cook to the point in the
dial she knows by experience she needs,
automatically and mechanically ad-
justs the heat from simmering point to
the most intense heat through a heat
scale of from "no heat" to 300°
Fahrenheit.

With the dial there is taken out of
oil cookery the guess-work which
resides in most cookers.

Here is used the short chimney, with
very concentrated heat focused where
it is most needed.

In lighting, you turn the lever to
the word "light" on the dial. After the
kindler is saturated, generally a few
seconds after switching the lever, the
chimney must be raised and the match
applied in a few spots to the kindler.
In a few moments your blue flame is
going full blast or any blast you de-
sire depending on your lever setting.

Gravity supplies the oil here too,
as in the wick type. The reservoir
with its glass bull's-eye to detect oil
quantity holds a gallon of kerosene
sufficient to last sixteen to eighteen
hours for one burner, or at the rate of
about one cent per hour. Refilling
these reservoirs is very simple, and
when you go to buy an oil range this
is one of the things you must insist
upon. Unscrew the cap in this case
and pour in your oil, that is all. There
are a feed pipe and release which gather
any sediment that may be in the oil.

Flame Regulation

Experience is the best teacher in the
way of knowing where you must set the
lever to get the hottest flame. Some-
times dependent on varying conditions,
the flame may be highest when the
lever is over the 12th division of the
dial; sometimes it may be at 6 or 7
on your range. This sort of thing you
learn by knowing your range. Some
oil will, of course, be left in the burner
after the light is turned off. There-
fore you must expect it to burn a little
while after you have turned your lever
to "out."

The blue flame to be just right must
touch the vessel with its uttermost tip.

On some of the most modern of this
type is a match scratcher plate which
makes it easy to light the match with-
out using your shoe, a good white
wall, or the seat of your pants.

Every stove of this class is made of
the finest pressed steel, and where the
enamel is used it is of vitreous variety
with three bakings. There is an all
white stove, too, to fit in with the
bridal effect of the newer kitchens.

The good points of the wickless
stove are many:

1. No wicks to clean.

2. Unleakable.

3. More powerful burner than any-
where else, being 12".

4. Burner 100% odorless.

5. Delivers heat where it does the
most good.

6. Acts a little quicker than other
types.

7. More economical in upkeep.
Either one of the stoves herein out-
lined is the best on the market as to
type and manufacture. If you have
to buy a stove try and get the most
for your expenditure by a collection of
the best traits in the stove. No
mechanical device is perfect without
perfect handling. If you do not put
in the wick correctly, or if you do not
light your kindler sufficiently you will
have trouble. If you put a tire on your
car in the wrong way you would not

(Continued on page 112)

May, 1922

ill

Five Points About

ANACONDA

Brass Pipe For Plumbing

1. ANACONDA semi-annealed, seam-
less brass pipe for plumbing resists
water corrosion. It is indispensable
for service systems buried under pave-
ments and for concealed lines within
the building.

2. ANACONDA semi-annealed, seam-
less brass pipe is guaranteed against
splitting.

3. Every piece of ANACONDA semi-
annealed brass pipe is tested by sub-
jecting it to an internal hydraulic pres-
sure of 1,000 Ibs. to the square inch.

4. ANACONDA semi-annealed, seam-
less brass pipe will not choke up with
deposits.

5. ANACONDA semi-annealed, seam-
less brass pipe is cheapest in the end.
It satisfies the property-owner because
it endures. It safeguards the archi-
tect's and contractor's reputation for
doing good work.

THE AMERICAN BRASS COMPANY

WATERBURY, CONN., U. S. A.

from mine to consumer

A good home ages gracefully

Why are some of the homes built in early colonial
days among the most charming homes of today?

They are old, but throughout the centuries they
have been maintained and cared for because they
inspire home love and home reverence.

Their charm is their woodwork — their en-
trances, doors, windows, moldings, stairs, corner
cupboards, paneling.

When you plan a home you cannot look too
carefully to woodwork details.

Curtis Woodwork brings the home spirit into
a house. Its quality insures the graceful aging of
a home.

Foremost architects have drawn every line of
Curtis Woodwork. Lumber experts select and
prepare every piece of wood in it. Skilled work-
ers construct every article of it.

After inspectors approve it, each piece is
stamped with our name. This is like an indi-
vidual rather than a corporate guarantee to you.

CURT i S on woodwork means a class, a quality,
rather than a style or type.

All over the country retail lumber dealers sell
Curtis Woodwork at prices low for such quality
and service to home builders.

See a Curtis dealer. Study his big Curtis
Catalog. Write us today for beautifully illus-
trated literature.

Cl B 6 6 f+
URTlS

WOODWORK

"The Permanent Furniture for Your Home"

THE CURTIS COMPANIES' SERVICE BUREAU

Dept. H Clinton, Iowa

Maintained 6j/ the folltncina Curtis manufacturing and distributing plants:
Curtis Bros. 4 Co.. Clinton, Iowa Curtis, Towle & Paine Co.. Topeka. Kansas

CuS!I-YallH;na°ndT'raMinneZTilnMinnCl'rtls * »">»« Co.. Oklahoma City. Okla.
Curtis Sash & Door Co., Sioux City. Iowa Curtis Door & Sash Co.. Chicago, Illinois
Curtis, Towle & Paine Co., Lincoln, Neb. Curtis Detroit Co., Detroit, Michigan

Sales Offices at Pittsburgh, New York and Baltimore

The makers of CuRTlS Woodwork guarantee complete
satisfaction to its users. "We're not satisfied unless you are."

If your home plans

THE CURTIS COMPANIES' SERVICE BUREAU
Department H. Clinton, Iowa

Enclosed please find In stamps for which please send me

"Better Built Homes." Vol. VI (3, I and 5 room houses), 50c;
Vol. VII (6. 7 and 8 room houses), 50c; Vol. IX (50 bunga-
lows, story-and-a-half and two-story houses), 50o. Check the
one or ones you want. Q Vol. VI. D Vol. VII. D Vol. IX.

Name

Street or B. F. D

Town State

112

Covers your low radiator and
forms a window seat

AS pleasing in design and finish as a piece of fine
-i*- furniture, the Ja-Nar Radiator Cover fits in
ideally with your interior decorating motif. You
have a choice of seven exquisite finishes, or can secure
a special coloring to match surrounding woodwork
exactly. Being made of the best grade furniture steel,
it will never warp, split or discolor.

The Ja-Nar Radiator Cover is now obtainable in
standard sizes to slip over low radiators in old or new
homes, without muss or fuss. In place of unsightly
radiator coils, you have an attractive window seat.
It will not become hot. You can arrange books,
flowers, or any object on the top, or place furniture
right next to it without danger of warping.

It protects draperies and wall paper from the streak-
ing and staining a radiator always causes when un-
covered. A Ja-Nar Radiator Cover costs no more
than a good chair.

The Ja-Nar Radiator Cover does not shut off any
heat. It increases the radiation slightly and sends
the warm air out close to the floor, where it does
most good. Cold air is taken from the floor, warmed
inside the insulation-lined cabinet, and passes into the
room through the louvres, or openings.

You can also obtain Ja-Nar Radiator Covers to
conceal high radiators.

Write today jor our folder containing all the interesting
details of the Ja-Nar. It will be sent wit/tout charge,
together with information as to where Ja'Nars may be
obtained. Please address department S.

THE FULTON COMPANY, Knoxville, Tenn.

Representatives in all the larger centers

Manufacturers of Leakless Radiator Values, Temperature Regulators,
Pressure Regulators and other Sylphon Specialties

Automatic Temperature Control

For warm air heating, just place the Sylphon Regitherm on any
convenient wall in your residence and set the indicator, thereby
insuring uniform temperature through its control of the dampers on
your furnace. This little instrument is entirely self-contained;
there is no electricity required, no clock work to wind or run
down, and it is absolutely silent in action. It can be used with
any furnace or boiler and even on systems where the steam is
supplied from the outside.

PRICE COMPLETE, $35
Write for descriptive literature on the Sylphon Regitherm. f

House er Garden

The Advantages of the Oil Range

(Continued from page 110)

blame the car, yet the tendency is al-
ways to blame the oil range and im-
mediately call up your dealer and say
that your stove is smelly or that the
wick won't burn or that the kindler
won't start, etc.

The best firms give every consumer
a little text book to consult when
in difficulty.

These stoves even in electric and
gas regions are used in summer because
they are cool cookers.

The advantage over coal is evident,
as there is no fire to clean out, no
kindling wood necessary, no ashes to
carry and no coal to lug about, to
say nothing about wondering about
dampers, flues and the like.

In all ranges burning oil of the best
makes you can have all the heat you
want and as little as you want as well.

On all well proportioned ranges you
can put some of the excellently con-
structed ovens.

The ranges come with from one
burner to five burners. Some are built
in cabinet style, with shelves, etc.
Some just plain style. As yet none of
the cooking surfaces is quite high
enough ; a few inches added to their
stature would make cookery easier on
the human back. The cabinet size
usually stands about 54^" high, 64"
wide.

The space between the burners is
ample for comfortable placing of
utensils. Watch this when purchasing
a stove, for you can be very uncom-
fortable with a jammed surface.

It is pretty much a matter of what
you can get in the way of either of
these two specific stoves. They are
both so good. The wick type is con-
venient because the wick is sold all over
the world. The wickless is convenient
because it is easy to clean and is a bit
more rapid in the heating. The kindler
is only 10 cents and can be had at all
dealers and when you buy the stove
you can get a supply.

You must demand:

No odor whatever

Speedy cooking

Steady flame

Cleanliness and easy to clean

Easily replaceable parts

No smut and dirt

Easy flame control

Oil visible in reservoir

Best materials on the market

Perfect combustion, making for the
minimum amount of residue carbon.

With the oil range as well as with
the gas, electric and coal range there
can be bought water heating boilers,
ovens, etc.; and with one stove, special
broilers and toasters.

There are two very good ovens on
the market to be used with these stoves
and with other kinds as well, each one
with its special selling points. Each
is large enough in some size for a 12
pound turkey, each small enough for
the smallest uses (sizes range from
2ll/2" x \&y2" x 13" to 13" x 18^"
x 13"). They weigh from about 12 to
18 pounds. You place the oven over
the surface burner.
One oven maker claims:

Asbestos lining for insulation
Shelves set for 5 different alti-
tudes

Curved top to oven like bakers'
oven to pass off gas and pre-
vent air pockets
Shelf support growing out of

lining

Strap hinges
One motion to handle to open

oven door

Door closes only if it locks
Special asbestos lining porcelain
enameled heat spreader, tri-
angular in shape, to deflect heat
and prevent burning
Another says of itself:

Special heat resisting lining
Mica windows below to watch

flame
Unbreakable glass and unstream-

able
Three point locking device on

door

All glass door.

The oil range is not cheap. Yet it is
a godsend at certain times. We are
not advocating it for general use where
pipes and wires and coal are at our
convenient disposal, but we do recom-
mend it forcibly and sincerely where
you want a simple, efficient cooking
medium beyond the reach of the popu-
lar sources of heat.

Unless you buy the very best, not
merely the best, oil cooker you will be
saddened, and with the best you will
sign yourself Pollyanna without reser-
vations.

Just about now, a new oil range is
being advertised. It is a cross between
the wick and the wickless, because it
uses an asbestos and brass thread wick
which is almost immortal, for it can
be reversed when charred and when
both sides are charred it is burnt off in
the stove and ready to begin its double
life again.

Like the wickless stove the flame
touches the vessel with the short drum
construction, and like the wick it uses a
wick even though quite different.

The stove is of japanned tin and is
made in cabinet type and in the ordi-
nary style.

I n o f f

e n s i v e

P o

r c

e s

(Continued from page 45)

Mogerhanger House was built at a
time when the development of the wa-
tering place called into being a mode
of architectural expression supposedly
indicative of a holiday spirit, a mode
more light, more airy and playful than
the substantial sobriety and reserve
which had been hitherto displayed in
domestic forms.

This new mode employed bow win-
dows, porches and balconies amongst the
items of its diverting "properties." The
style soon spread, seized the popular
imagination and won prompt accept-
ance throughout the length and breadth
of England. The numerous design
books published by John Flaw, William
Pain and other industrious purveyors
to the architectural taste of the period
quickly acquainted the American public
with the latest developments in do-
mestic composition and the new fashion

was speedily established on the western
shores of the Atlantic.

The treatment of the porches at
Mogerhanger House was typical of the
best phase of this recent manifestation
in domestic designing. It may be seen
at a glance that the veranda extending
across the south front of the house is
not in any way an essential part of the
design; it is not necessary to the com-
position, in that the general mass would
not be affected by its absence; without
it the elevation would be quite as cor-
rect, legitimate and complete, though
not, to be sure, so interesting. It is
then — quite apart from its utilitarian
function — purely a happy embellish-
ment which serves to enliven a facade
that would otherwise be somewhat dull
in its unrelieved and solid dignity. It
can also be observed that it does not in
(Continued on page 116)

May, 1922

113

The Crowning Glory
of Stucco Homes

Residence of Mrs. Solomon Hirsch
171 St. Clair St., Portland, Ore.

THE BAY STATER

THERE is no other finish like Bay State.
It stands alone in the dual service it
offers to all homes of cement and stucco.

The beauty of Bay State alone would
make it the favorite finish. But this master
coating does more than make a home dis-
tinctive. It makes it waterproof.

For Bay State sinks into every pore and
crevice, and seals the walls it covers against
dampness. The hardest rain cannot beat
through a Bay State coated house.

On new homes, Bay State changes the
drab, uneven color of cement or stucco to a
pure, rich white or to a beautiful tint. On
old homes, Bay State brings back the new-
ness of youth. This finish lasts for years.

Bay State Brick and Cement Coating
offers you a choice of white or a complete
range of colors. Let us send you samples
of your favorite tint. And Booklet No. 2
shows many homes that have been made
distinctively beautiful with Bay State.

WADSWORTH, HOWLAND & CO., Inc.

Paint and Varnish Makers
BOSTON, MASS.

New York Office
ARCHITECTS' BUILDING

Philadelphia Office
1524 CHESTNUT STREET

BAY STATE

Brick and Cement Coating

• _• ••-••>•-'••• • - r • - • • • •

Gsta&lis/icd 1828

A Luxurious Bath
in Limited Space

A built-in bath, always desirable in every home,
is especially appropriate where space is limited.
The Mott "Eclipso" Enameled Iron Bath com-
bines unusual beauty and finish with moderate
cost, and can be obtained to fit corner or recess
as shown in the illustration. Its moderate price
makes it especially economical for the average
home-builder.

Comfort and safety are assured in the Mott com-
bination of Paxton fittings and Leonard Jr.
Thermostatic Mixing Valve. "Every bath a
shower."

// you arc flanniiuj a bathroom, send for the
tint' Mott Bathroom Book, which contains a
wealth of ralnable suggestions. Address Defit. A.

Ihe J. L. MOTT IRON WORKS, Trenton, W.J.

NEW YORK, Fifth Avenue and Seventeenth Street

•Boston
* Chicago
'Lincoln, Neb.
•Jacksonville. Fla.
*8t. Paul, Minn.

Fargo, N. D.

Sioux Falls. S. D.
•Minneapolis, Minn.

Duluth, Minn.

Branch Offices and Showrooms
'Cincinnati. Ohio
•New Orleans
•Des Moines
•Detroit
•Toledo
•Indianapolis
•Dayton, Ohio
•St. Louis
•Kansas City, Mo.
•Havana, Cuba

•Salt Lake City
Newark. N. J.

Pittsburgh

•Washington. D. C.
•Columbus. O.

Houston. Texas
•Portland. Ore.

El 1'aso. Texas
-Cleveland, Ohio

MOTT COMPANY, Limited
•Montreal, Toronto,
Winnipeg, Canada

MOTT CO. of PENN.V.
•Philadelphia

MOTT SOUTHERN CO.
•Atlanta. Ga.
Charlotte, N. C.
MOTT CO. of CALIFOKNIA

•San Francisco
Los Angeles
Showrooms equipped with model bathrooms

>.'•• -.v •• •• .• .« •• v

.• .• .- .» •

114

House &• Garden

Ripolin-finished Palm Court on
one of the Holland-American
Trans-Atlantic Liners.

R jpolin in the Home

"It's the Famous Ripolin Enamel;
I Saw It on the Noordam"

The quality of Ripolin Enamel Paint has won
recognition all over Europe and America. It first
commanded favor in residences; then in our finest
hospitals, hotels and clubs. During the more recent
years, however, it has been used wherever a really
fine, yet economical enamel result has been desired.

Exteriors and interiors of thousands of homes are
today Ripolin-finished. Living rooms, dining rooms,
bed rooms, bath rooms, all have been beautifully and
durably decorated with Ripolin at less cost per room
than is possible with ordinary enamels.

Ripolin dealers are in nearly every locality. If you
cannot locate one conveniently, telephone to your
local Tel-U- Where Bureau for free booklet and name
of nearest dealer, or write to the nearest distributor
listed here. Suggestions and specifications also sent
on request.

American Importers and Distributors

of RIPOUN

The Glidden Company Cleveland

Heath & Milligan Mfg. Company Chicago

Adams and Elting Company Chicago

Campbell Paint & Varnish Company St. Louis
Campbell Paint & Varnish Company Dallas
The A. Wilhelm Company Reading, Pa

T. L. Blood & Co. St. Paul, Minn.

American Paint Works New Orleans

Twin City Varnish Company St. Paul, Minn.
The Forest City Paint & Varnish Co. Cleveland
Nubian Paint & Varnish Company Chicago
The Glidden Company of Mass. Boston

The Gildden Company of Texas Dallas

The Glidden Co. of California San Francisco

In Canada :
The CHdden Co., Limited Toronto. Ontario

Manufacturers of
Paints • Varnishes • Stains • Enamels

This design is the identification
mark for getivint Ripolin Enamtl.
All Europe knows this famous
Ripolin trade mark. The secret
process of making Ripolin was
discovered in Holland thirty years
ago. Since chat time Ripolin has
become known throughout the
civilized world.

RIP

BUILD YOUR HOME ON THE
EXPERIENCE OF OTHERS

EVERYTHING for the huge
buildings you see is bought
with care, with foresight, and
with exact knowledge that it is
the best to be had for the money.
The Ambassador Hotel at Atlantic
City, for instance, designed by War-
ren & Wetmore, architects, is installed
throughout with Reading Genuine
Wrought Iron Pipe. Hundreds of
other large buildings use Reading,
too. Why? Because Reading lasts
longer. It resists corrosion.
If you intend to build a home, you
should follow the example of the big
builder and use Reading Genuine
Wrought Iron Pipe. It is your best
insurance against corrosion and short
pipe life. These evils mean replace-
ment. Replacement means added ex-
pense, such as tearing out walls and
floors, installing new pipe and then
repairing all the damage done.
Good architects specify Reading. If you
follow your architect's advice and use
Reading, you will be taking the best and
most economical course.
Write for the booklet, "The Ultimate
Cost." It is of unusual interest to the
home builder.

SEND FOR THIS

BOOKLET
It contains instructive
information on pipe
costs and the best in-
stallation methods.
Also literature on " 'Keading- on every length"

%3*laFU'ffZ READING IRON COMPANY

vent squeak,ng floors. READING, PENNA.

Largest Producers of Wrought Iron Pipe in the World

READING

WROUGHT IRON PIPE

May, 1922

HOME PLANS
SPELL CONTENTMENT

—and the road to contentment is quickly
found through our book, "Home and
Happiness!1 It will bring to your library
table twelve homes of good design and a
practical guide to perfect building satis'
faction through the use of

Arkansas
Soft Pine

Your copy will go forward with our
compliments, on request, together with
finished samples. You will be agreeably sur-
prised in the possibilities of this splendid
wood, affording as it does, a beautiful
woodwork at a price notably lower than
that of rarer woods. Write us now and
if particularly interested in white enamel
woodwork, advise.

Arkansas Soft Pine is trade marked and
obtainable from dealers and planing mills east of the Rockies

Arkansas Soft Pine Bureau

520 Boyle Building
Little Rock *• Arkansas

The satisfaction of
fine hardware

IT grows on you!
Because hardware is so intimate.
It is constantly in view. You must
touch it at the opening of every
door.

Sargent Hardware stands the test
of constant association. It con-
tinues to please when hardware of
less beauty would become tiresome.
It lasts as long as the house itself.

The Sargent Book of Designs
contains illustrations of beautiful
patterns to harmonize with every
architectural or decorative effect.
You may have a copy on request.

SARGENT & COMPANY

Hardware Manufacturers

31 Water St., New Haven, Conn.

Silence slamming doors
with Sargent Door
Closers. They are for
screen, kitchen, bathroom,
back stair and other doors
that should be kept closed,
surely but silently.

mom

S A R G E N

116

House &• Garden

Plenty ofM^tter

it Constant Pressure
without a Tank

Just turn the faucet
and you have water
in abundance direct
from well.

The Tfcjxkless Water Systerrv

fA u torn a ticj

gives you every convenience of
city water supply.

The WESTCO saves you the
expense of a storage tank. Has
no belts, valves or gears. Its all-
bronze pump has only one mov-
ing part.

Runs by means of regular
electrical current or batteries of
a farm lighting plant.

Simplicity of design, superior
w o r k m a n s h i p
and the best of
materials insure
long 1 i f e — de-
pendable service
—low cost of up-
keep.

Thousands in daily use

WESTERN PUMP COMPANY

DAVENPORT, IOWA

Distributors in Principal Cities

direct from well +o drinking cii

facrsSffluJrTiniiMjHBnhiiiii m , , , ^r

(Tear ofi ht-rr, fill in and mail.)

Western Pump Co., Davenport, Iowa.

I am interested in your Tankless Water System. Send me free of
charge Bulletin C-7 "How Things Have Changed".

Name City or Town

State Street or R.F.D.

The double porches at Shirley in Virginia are

indispensable features of the design. They are

on both the land and mater fronts

Inoffensi

v e

ore

e s

(Continued from page 112)

any way obscure or confuse and weak-
en the dominant lines of the house. It
is not necessary but it is relevant. It
is architecturally consistent in every im-
portant respect.

The conception of this porch may be
attributed chiefly to inspiration derived
from the ''Chinese taste," an episode in
18th Century domestic architecture and
interior decoration, whose numerous
ramifications exerted a wider influence
than most people suspect.

To the same genus belongs the porch
of the Pepper house at Chestnut Hill,
Philadelphia. Its purpose is to provide
an open air place, with sufficiency of
sun shelter, for breakfast, tea or even
dinner, adjacent to the dining-room;
its architectural purpose is to afford an
embellishment agreeable with the gar-
den composition and suitable as a motif
to balance the wrought iron trellises
projecting from the walls above the
first floor. Both of these services it
performs admirably.

The kernel of the whole matter we
have in the two types of veranda just
discussed in detail — Barbano and Shir-
ley, on the one hand, and the Moger-
hanger and Pepper houses on the other.
One is thoroughly structural and an

integral part of the composition. The
other belongs to the category of orna-
ment.

Of the two classifications, structural
and non-structural or ornamental, the
former admits of several variants — the
loggia that is wholly included within
the mass of the house; the loggia par-
tially included and partially projecting
beyond the principal mass; and the
portico, extending altogether beyond
the principal mass but having its com-
plete unity with that mass, of which it
constitutes a symmetrical projection,
clearly indicated by the architectural
treatment.

Whether we choose to trace the im-
mediate descent of the modern porch
from either of the two foregoing cate-
gories or from the small protecting
porch of Colonial days, erected as a
shelter for the door, does not particu-
larly matter. The vital thing to ob-
serve and remember is that none of
these forms affords a precedent either
for the fortuitous-looking lean-to ap-
pendages or for the ungraced yawning
cavities left in the mass of the structure,
both of which spoil many a house that
might otherwise be good architecturally
and from the standpoint of liveableness.

ON HOUSE & GARDEN'S BOOK SHELF

SMALL French Buildings. By Lewis
A. Coffin, Jr., Henry M. Polhemus
and Addison F. Worthington. Pub-
lished by Charles Scribner's Sons.

There is probably no more fascinating
homeland in the world than the old
country of France. The valley of the
Loire, the Seine-Inferieure, the Saone-
et-Loire, the Oise and Finisterre are all
picturesque, with their winding little
rivers, beautiful farms and ancient farm
buildings.

In preparing this book of small French
buildings, the writers went about
through the most fertile valleys of the
interior of France, the Cote-d'Or, Nor-
mandy, Brittany, on cycle, on foot
where the cycle was difficult, studying
the country and photographing the most
typical and enchanting of the old houses.
Reproductions of these pictures, which

have never before been brought to-
gether, form the illustrations of this
book, a delight and inspiration to ar-
chitects, builders and those who arc
seeking picturesque detail for home con-
struction.

In the preface of this book, the writ-
ers call our attention to the fact that
"There is no truer mirror of people and
civilization than their informal archi-
tecture. Thus the buildings of the
French farmer, the small land-owner
and the peasant are as indigenous to
their soil as the poplar trees and the
poppies in the fields. The Frenchman
is and always has been a lover of fine
words, of gay colors, of flowered gar-
dens, of piquancy, and of originality.
So, too, are his buildings; original, full
of piquant interest, often gay of color,
(Continued on page 118)

May, 1922

117

PORCH DIGNITY

— and first impressions

A WELL-PROPORTIONED porch, in good
condition, lends dignity to any house.
Columns, railings, balusters and trim,
well painted and without sign of warping or decay
give a favorable first impression.
For the porch and for the whole exterior of the
house Redwood is superior. A natural, odorless pre-
servative which permeates every fibre of Redwood
during the growth of the tree makes it proof
against fungus decay and the attacks of insects
and worms.

Properly seasoned Redwood does not warp, swell
or shrink. It contains no pitch or other highly
inflammable substance — reduces the fire hazard on
your home.

Our Redwood porcli columns, shingles, siding
and mouldings are made from carefully selected
and seasoned Redwood, in designs to meet every
architectural requirement. Our T. P. L. Co. trade-
mark on these products is your assurance of perma-
nent beauty and minimum repair costs.
Redwood is not expensive. It costs little more than other
lumber which cannot compare with Redwood for durabil-
ity and consequent low annual maintenance costs.
Before you build write for our Redivood booklet "Architrc-
turrtl find Building Utfcn." Architect*, builder* and enfiincers
should have our "Construction Digest" otid our "Enyinccring
Digest" in their files.

Redwood should be specified for
Exterior Construction

Including Colonial sid-
ing, clapboards, shin-
gles, door and window
frames, gutters, eaves,
water tables and mud-
sills, porch rail, bal-
usters and columns,
mouldings and lattice.
Pickets and fencing.

I'crprnlns and green-
houses.

Interior Finish

Natural, stained or
painted.

Farm and Dairy Uses

Such as Silos, tanks
and troughs.
Hog feeders and im-
plement sheds.
Wood block floors, etc.

THE PACIFIC LUMBER CO. of Illinois

2081 McCormick Bldg 81!3 No. 40 Rector St. Bldg.

Chicago New York City

THE PACIFIC LUMBER CO.,
San Francisco Los Angeles

Export Company

A. F. THANE & CO.. 40 Rector St. New York City
311 California St., San Francisco

W QipPaciflcLumberCo

The Largest Manufacturers and Distributors of California Redwood

"The Western Wood for Eastern Homes"

PERMANENT — BECAUSE THEY ARE GALVANIZED

Reproduc-
tion of !//u.f-
tration o n
page 6 of
" G o o d
Fences"

FENCES

are democratic. Whether protecting farm or factory,
cottage or mansion, institution or public park, all
Anchor Post Fences are equally "good." Each fence
is thoroughly

GALVANIZED

against rust. This insures ihe stalwart basic materials
used in posts and mesh against weathering. Moreover,
Anchor Posts are permanently

ANCHORED

in the soil by diagonal anchor-stakes driven across the
line of fencing. Alignment is preserved for decades,
in the face of severe shocks and strains.

ANCHOR

FENCES— GATES— RAILINGS

A BOOK OF PICTURES

of actual installations, showing rep-
resentative types of Anchor Post
Fences, is SENT FREE to those in-
terested in permanently enhancing and
protecting their property by GOOD
FENCES. Ask for a copy.

This is the book. GOOD FENCES,
a beautiful Rotogravure, measuring
SJi" x 11".

ANCHOR POST IRON WORKS

HUDSON TERMINAL BUILDING

52 CHURCH STREET NEW YORK, N. Y.

Sales and Erection Offices in

Boston T9 Milk St.

Chicago S So. Dearborn St.

Cincinnati, 0 141 Kourtli St.

Cleveland Guardian BUIg.

Hartford. Conn 'J02 Main St.

Mincola.L.I.,N.Y. Jerlrim Turnpike

Pittsburgh 2U11 1'eim Ave.

Philadelphia. Real Est. Trust Bide.

Detroit, Mich I'vnoliscot BldR.

Rochester. N.Y...1604 Main St..E.

FIRM — BECAUSE THEY ARE ANCHORED

118

House & Garden

The Screen

That Rolls Up Like

A Window Shade

HE Hastings Rolup Screen ends the war between
screen and blind and screen and sash. // rolls uf>
like a window shade.

It allows the window to be open top and bottom, while
properly screened, but is out of the way at the lift of
a finger when the screen is no longer needed. It rolls
up like a window shade.

It does awav with the need for storage in winter and
for screen removal on window-cleaning day. It rolls
tip like a window shade.

\\ ith side grips that travel in narrow metal strips at-
tached to the window frame, it cannot pull out or slip
or fall. It rolls up like a window shade.

It is adapted to casement windows also, in town or
country house or bungalow. It rolls up like a window
shade.

It is made of anti-corrosive, rust-proof Monel metal
that allows more light by reason of its mesh and
defies sea air or city fumes. It rolls up like a window
sliadc.

* tf fLQ't,.t.S.....tf.f>."...

[ HASTINGS ]

creens

For further details and estimates address

ROLUP SCREEN COMPANY

414 EAST 32nd STREET NEW YORK CITY

On House & Garden's Book Shelf

(Continued from page 116)

and invariably set around with hedge
and flowers."

One hundred and eighty-three plates
are shown in the illustration of this
book, including manors, farms, peasant
cottages, which not only show the es-
sentially French small houses, but those
that are influenced by the proximity of
Normandy and the influence of the Re-
naissance where it swept up from Italy
and Spain. Again there are houses
clearly touched by Gothic forms. The
variety of the roofs is particularly in-
teresting and characteristic, full of pic-
turesque suggestions for architects and
builders. In plate No. 31, a cottage near
St. Jacques, Plomb du Cantal, is shown
with a stone roof partly covered with
thatch. Others show the long sweep-
ing thatch roof, lifted like a hood over
deep-set windows in the roof. The
edge of this hood makes a series of
beautiful arches on the lower part of
the roof. The mansard roof is shown in
its most primitive stages, also that
curious window which so belongs to
French architecture, half in the lower
story, cutting up into the roof and
capped with the same material as the
roof. Delightful .old worn slate roofs
are given, and of course the flowering
thatch roof which is everywhere in the
peasant country of Europe. The use
of stone corbelling about windows on
cement walls is seen most effectively in
some of these houses.

One of the most picturesque features
in the actual constructional side of the
houses shows the Normandy influence
of the rounded towers, ending in peaked
turrets. And also the stone walls that
enclose house and gardens with fine old
classical gates in stone. In fact, so rich
with beautiful detail is this simple archi-
tecture of France and so completely
and delightfully is it shown in this book
of small French buildings that the sub-
ject is difficult to review. Every page
furnishes practical ideas and picturesque
outline, beautifully presented. It is a
book for libraries, for students, for
home-lovers and for travel-lovers.

ENGLISH HOMES; Period V-Vol. I;
Early Georgian 1714-1760, by H.
Avary Tipping, M. A., F. S. A. is a
very significant book of English pe-
riod architecture, published at the of-
fices of English Country Life and by
Charles Scribner's Sons in New York. It
is the most complete presentation of
early Georgian architecture and interior
decoration that could be assembled. All
the finest of the old English palaces
are presented with the most elaborate
of their stairways, reception rooms and
gorgeous detail of furniture, fireplaces,
wood-carving, painting and stucco dec-
oration. The work of significant men
is fully shown, that of Inigo Jones, of
course, also John Webb, Roger Pratt,
Hugh May Marsh and the great star of
Georgian beauty, Wren.

It was a curious thing in England in
this 18th Century, when houses were
made more beautifully severe and clas-
sic than in almost any period, that the
interior decorations grew more and
more elaborate, more and more rococo
from year to year. With the ust of a
Greek motif in the decoration of the
exterior of these beautiful Georgian
houses, practically no further effort at
adornment was made. But inside the
palaces there were Greek doorways and
mantels, Italian paintings, the most
elaborate swag for wall panels and fire-
places, hand carving of French and
Italian influence. With tapestries from
France, furniture elaborated to a degree
that was hardly permissible, rugs from
all over the world, these palaces for the
royalty and the nobility achieved a rest-
less magnificence that could belong on-
ly to a period of immense social ac-
tivity, of tightly imposed class distinc-

tion and of a cultivation of art for
the upper classes only.

As soon as an architect or a painter
achieved distinction, he was subsidized
by the Government or by some very-
rich or some very famous person and
all his work was reserved for the mak-
ing of larger houses and more gor-
geous interiors. Many of the architects
of this period studied in Italy, returning
to England overwhelmed with admira-
tion for the Italian builders and deco-
rations. But alas, to the Italian ideal
of elegant elaboration they added the
desire of this period in England for a
magnificence surpassing any previous
epoch.

This was a time also of very showy
oil painting, as well as really beautiful
painting of both landscapes and por-
traits. Many rooms were entirely dec-
orated with portraits in gorgeous frames,
with secondary frames in stucco swag.
There is scarcely a square inch of un-
covered surface in some of these great
English palaces, such as Devonshire
House, York Mansion House, Chester-
field House, the latter with the ugliest
iron stairways and imposing chande-
liers. And yet the drawing room at
Chesterfield House is shown with a cer-
tain delicate and exquisite fantasy of
stucco that is more suggestive of Adam
than of the period in which it was done.
The music room in Chesterfield House
is delicate and beautiful in ornament.

In many instances, the decoration of
the mantel in these houses was extended
up to the very ceiling, the space filled
with beautiful tapestries, richly framed,
and above an ornament which had the
character of a pediment.

This craze for gorgeous decoration ex-
tended beyond the house out to the gar-
dens where bridges were built over ar-
tificial lakes, covered over with pergolas
of marble and beautiful Greek towers,
wherein lovely ladies and sportive gen-
tlemen rested, making Fragonard pic-
tures of themselves.

Even the beautiful tapestries that
used to be hung loosely to cover bare
walls grew under the Hanoverian re-
gime into pictures set in huge gold
frames, and became more or less a woven
reproduction of an oil painting.

There was a Chinese influence, too,
in many of these great palaces, not only
in the furniture but in the rugs and
in the tapestries on the walls, even in
the chandeliers. In fact, some of the
most elaborate of these homes had en-
tire Chinese rooms that were practically
museums.

It would be impossible adequately to
review this book of Georgian architec-
ture without practically writing another
book. It expresses its rather splendid
though often Baroque period. Happily
toward the end one finds the Greek in-
fluence again predominating, and a more
settled kind of beauty coming into
vogue. It is a book that should be im-
portant to architects, decorators and
students of period furniture and decora-
tion.

WITH "The Apple Tree," by L. H.
Bailey, the Macmillan Company
begins its new Open Country Series. If
we may judge from this initial volume,
the lover of books about the countryside
will have an opportunity here to make
some desirable additions to the contents
of his library.

In the present volume Dr. Bailey
writes not so much as the horticultural
authority and man of science as the
friend of the friendliest of all trees.
There is a deal of sensible tree worship
in his pages, a human note of apprecia-
tion of the esthetic side of his subject.
Interwoven with it is abundant practical
information about apples and apple
growing which gives the book a double
appeal.

May, 1922

119

'The Insignia of the
World's largest
maker of All-Clay
Plumbing Fixtures

Price as shown

$108.35

Or with Mahogany

Seat

$QQ.6o

F.O.B. Trenton

Water Closets

FOR EVERY PLACE AND PURSE

YOU can keep closet noise out of your house by keep-
ing out the kind of a closet that makes a noise. To
permit the installation of a noisy closet in your bathroom
is an indifference to an unpleasant and avoidable noise
which you are bound to regret later on.

The Si-wel-clo closet incorporates all the gcxid mechanical features
a water closet should have and adds that o! extraordinarily quiet
operation.

The Silent Si-wel-clo is the leader of a group of water closets which
The Trenton Potteries Company has developed to meet the needs
of every building, from the big hotel to the modest bungalow.

We, of course, consider the Silent Si-wel-clo the
most desirable. For those who cannot afford it,
we make other good closets. Into our "Welling,"
"Merit" and "Saxon" we have merged as many ol
the excellencies of the Silent Closet as possible.
Each in its class and at its price is the best the
market affords. Each is equipped with a tank of
glistening white china, with surface unaffected by
stain, acid or soil, and trouble-proof working parts.

We have priced these four closet outfits fairly,
f.o.b. Trenton, and are shipping them completely
crated to the plumbing contractor. W<- know it
will pay you to insist upon your plumber furnish-
ing them.

Send for our bathroom plan, book, "Bathrooms

of Character." It will tell you things you

should know be/ore building

THE TRENTON POTTERIES COMPANY

TRENTON, NEW JERSEY, U.S.A.
BOSTON NEW YORK SAN FRANCISCO

THE lustrous white porce-
lain steel lining, the un-
usually efficient insulation
and the.Bohn syphon system
of air cooling in the

BOHN SYPHON
REFRIGERATOR

have given it an indispens-
able place in the modern
kitchen.

The words, "I have a Bohn Syphon
Refrigerator," so often heard are
always accompanied by that thrill
of satisfaction that comes with the
pride of ownership.

Adopted by the Pullman Company and
dining car service of all American Railroads

BOHN REFRIGERATOR CO.

SAINT PAUL, MINNESOTA
New York Exhibit Chicago Exhibit

Strauss Bldg., 5 E 46th Street

68 E. Washington Street

120

House & Garden

The Charm of Japan

for Your Walls

WILD honeysuckle, flaming on the hills of
Japan — little brown peasants gathering it
all day long — and then, after the skin has been
stripped off, and made ready, those world-old
handlooms weave the fascinating uneven texture
of it — that's the beginning of Grasscloth Wall-
papers.

You've half furnished a room when you've given it such walls, and
you've made an exquisite, simple background worthy of the most
beautiful furniture that anyone could inherit or buy.

Ask your decorator for
the Grasscloth with the
OKAME-SAX Head
Trade Mark.

F. C. DAVIDGE
and Company

// he docs not carry it,
icritc to us for samples
of 1922 designs.

La Porte & La Salle Sts.,

SOUTH BEND, IND.

28 Wellington St. West,

TORONTO, CANADA

Did You Sleep Well?

ON your hours of rest depend the vigor and freshness
with which you meet the problems of a new day. A
soft downy mattress will make your sleep restful and re-
laxing.

Your sheets and quilts are constantly washed. But it's im-
possible to wash a mattress. Mattress Protectors will keep
the mattress fresh and clean. They are made in any size
and are quilted with dainty snow-white wadding, encased
in heavy white muslin. They remain soft and light and
fluffy in spite of washing and continuous use.

We originated this
quilting in 181)1. Ever
since, our product has
been improved in
Quality to its present
perfection.

The EXCELSIOR

15 LAIGHT STREET

See that our little
red Trademark i s
stitched in the cor-
ner of every Protector
you purchase from
your dealer; or write
to us.

QUILTING Co.

NEW YORK CITY

By Day a Shady
Retreat; by Night a
Cool Sleeping Porch

You will never know the
full comfort and luxury of
your porch until it is en-
closed with Vudor Ven-
tilating Porch Shades.

Vudor Shades permit the
sun's rays to filter through
but shut out heat, making
your porch cool, shady,
restful all summer long —
day and night.

Afternoon card parties
and dances take on a new
enjoyment. And when the
sun goes down — what a
delightful, healthful place
for the children to sleep.

SELF-HANGING

Vudor

VENTILATING

PORCH SHADES

Vudor Shades are made
of wood slats beautifully
stained in permanent colors
— arranged so that you see
passers-by but they cannot
see you. Ventilator woven
i n top — exclusive Vudor
feature — assures perfect
ventilation. There's noth-
ing quite like them for
appearance, utility and
comfort. Write for color
illustrations, prices and
name of local dealer.

Hough Shade Corporation

261 Mills Street
Janesville, Wis.

What Will You Do with Garbage
in Your New Home —

WHEN you build your home, you will not
want an obnoxious garbage can on the rear
porch or in the yard. Be sure your architect re-
moves the need for one by including the Kernerator
in his plans.

The Kernerator consists of a brick incinerator, built
into the base of the chimney when the house is
erected, and a hopper door located in the flue on the
first floor. It disposes of all household refuse —
rags, sweepings, wilted flowers, broken crockery, tin
cans, garbage — without cost, for no commercial fuel
is required.

Ask your architect about the Kernerator
and write for an interesting booklet we
have just prepared, showing some of the
fine homes in which it has been installed.

KERNER INCINERATOR CO.,

1025 Chestnut Street Milwaukee, Wis.

ERNERATOR

Built-itt-tne-CHimney

Reg. U. S. Patent Office.

May, 1922

121

SECURE -YOUR- COPY- OF -THE BOOK-

IWORHMMCE

A NLW PRESENTATION OF A VITAL SUBJECT

RUITS hold their color and bouquet when
chilled in clear, dry air. Henri Kegler,
salad chef extraordinary, says a salad
is successful only when it is cold.

The Jewett Solid Porcelain Refrigera-
tor will keep fruit, fowl or meat, cooked
or uncooked, to the point of perfection
that pleases the particular palate.

The Jewett is the one refrigerator in
which both the food and ice compart-
ments are of solid, seamless, jointless
porcelain, an inch and one-quarter
thick. It treasures the full flavor of its
contents and never contaminates.

Refrigerator linings of porcelain
enamel on thin metal backgrounds
are not genuine one piece solid por-
celain compartments IX inches thick,
such as are used in Jewett Refrigera-
tors. Imitations or "near" porcelain
linings are easily detected after see-
ing Jewett real porcelain interiors,
smooth and white as china.

Would you like a complimentary
copy of "Flavor and Fragrance"
sent to you ?

THE JEWETT
REFRIGERATOR COMPANY

Established 1849

123 Chandler St. BUFFALO, N. Y.

Canadian Jewett Refrigerator Co., Ltd.

BRIDGEBURG, ONT.

An Absolute Requirement for

The Welcome Guest and the Tempting Dinner

Become Agreeable Companions wKen properly introduced
by AMERICAN Paper Doilies — Either Lace or Linen.

Their Craftmanship Delights the Most Fastidious.

Our special two gross package of four patterns in fancy gift boxes is $1.00
The attached coupon is for your convenience.

AMERICAN LACE PAPER Co.,

MILWAUKEE, Wis.

American Lace Paper Co.

Milwaukee. Wi,.
Please send me your special
two gross package of four
patterns of American Doilies
for trie enclosed $1.00.

ICE CREAM

without cranking

Forget the tiresome
cranking that went
with the old freezer

The Auto Vacuum Freezer has no crank.
It is a neat, white enameled container, as
light as a piece of aluminum-ware. In it
perfectly smooth ice cream is made, with-
out the usual hard labor.
The ice and salt are put in at one end;
(much less ice is needed than with the
old-fashioned freezer). The ingredients
are poured in the other end (there is no
possibility of contamination). Then it is
merely a matter of waiting 45 minutes,
with an occasional stir of the cream mix-
ture— and the ice cream is ready to serve !

Write for interesting booklet "H" —
Desserts That Make Themselves.

AUTO VACUUM FREEZER CO., Inc.
220 W. 42nd St. New York, N. Y.

cU)hitecHouse

SECTIONAL UNIT STEEL DRESSERS

The pride of the present day house-
wife is manifested in the convenience
andcomeliness of her pantry and kitchen.
She no longer countenances old-fash-
ioned, poorly-arranged, unscientifically-
constructed wooden kitchen equipment,
--any more than she favors oil lamps
or wooden wash tubs.

WHITE HOUSE kitchen equipment
is entirely of steel,-- white enameled!
The surface is smooth, gleaming, mois-
ture-proof, and pest-proof ;--and more
durable than porcelain. No item of
good construction is overlooked or for
gotten. Such seemingly little things as
anti-friction drawersfin themselves make
WHITE HOUSE equipment indispens-
able. Each door has a personal latch,—
independent in its action.

And WHITE HOUSE equipment is
arranged in sections,- -or units --so that
almost any space, however irregular, can
be handily rilled. The various units
may bearrangedin tiers, —or side by side-
adaptable to the measurements of your
kitchen.

WHITE HOUSE
equipment in your
kitchen constitutes
a Silent Servant --
immaculate, time-
enduring, beautiful.

Our catalog shews your kitchen, with WHITE HOUSE equipment.

JANES & KIRTLAND
133 West 44th St. Established iS4o New York

House & Garden

Wash and 'Bathe in Running Water

oAfter All—

the Really Clean Bath is the Shower
— and this is the Ideal Installation

But then, a shower doesn't only make you clean —
When you are physically or mentally tired, or
both, the impact of scores of sparkling sprays of
clean, fresh water, renews jaded nerves and re-
lieves fatigue.

In the morning, your shower takes only a couple
of minutes and then you have a two hour start
on the day. And at bedtime, a gen tie, warm shower
often assures quiet, restful sleep.

However, shower pleasure is even greater when
you can anticipate it — when you know that your
shower will work unfailingly.

Your plumber, dealer or architect will tell you
about Speakman Showers— their quality. In the
illustration is the Speakman H952'/2 Mixometer
Shower and Deshler Bath Fixture over a built-in
tub. The Mixometer controls the temperature of
the water instantly. It has been used success-
fully for many years in residences, hotels, clubs
and institutions.

The H952'/2 shower, like other Speakman Mixometer
Showers, has the Speakman Anyforce Head. It allows the
bather to control the shower's force with half a turn of
the lever. When you talk with your plumber or dealer
ask him for a Speakman shower folder — or write us.

SPEAKMAN COMPANY, Wilmington, Del.

In addition to making all types of showers from the portable kind to
elaborate shower and needle bath combinations the Speakman Company
makes a complete line of brass plumbing fixtures. Included are lavatory
fixtures with one nozzle. These allow washing in running water at the
temperature you desire.

Your plumber also has booklets on these Speakman Fixtures.
Ask him for one.

A dining room for the country, designed by Jourdain, was jurnished

in silver maple in Dutch designs painted red. The square pattern was

repeated in valance, table cloth and rug

THE FRENCH SALON of DECORATION

THE general impression of this re-
cent salon of furniture and deco-
ration in Paris was one of amaz-
ing eccentricity. The mere question of
living comfort did not seem to enter
at all into the consideration of the de-
signers and manufacturers. The rooms
assembled, and there was a great num-
ber of them, would be quite impossible
to live in as they wholly lack that qual-
ity which makes for a gracious home
existence.

There was an immense variety of
forms, originality of construction and
new combinations of woods and metals
but there seemed no progress whatever
in the exhibition. It was not better
than others or more successful or more
inspiring. It was simply different.

There was a widespread use of solid
ebony which shared its popularity with
silver maple. A furniture maker of
knowledge and taste regards the use of
both of these woods as a mistake.
"Ebony," he says, ''in common with

many other fine woods, easily splinters.
For this reason the draughtsmen of
former centuries never used it in solid
pieces, but always as a veneer or as an
inlay. Used solidly, as one may oak
or mahogany, it is easily affected by
dryness and dampness and changes in
temperature."

Silver gray maple he finds equally
unsatisfactory. "In order to get the
delicate gray so desired in furniture, it
is necessary to color wood witR
peroxide of iron. This in time attack?
the fibre and turns the wood yellow.''
Both ebony and gray maple were high-
ly ornamented with gold at this exhi-
bition. And this, too, the French artists
did not like. There was too much poor
workmanship and senseless ornamenta-
tion to please the real French draftsmen.
One very interesting handling of wood,
quite new in its method, was a waxed
finished mahogany.

Probably the most eccentric room
(Continued on page 124)

Another dining
room, designed by
Dujrene, had an
elaborately
striped wall and
furniture, in not
loo bad a design, of
ebony and acacia
wood combined

The most eccentric
exhibit was the
sitting room by
Lerid o n , with
monolithic trees
covering most of
the wall space, a
black carpet and
tiger rugs

May, 1922

123

/YN this old country house rearrangement of

^1 family pieces, added to where necessary,

t-/ completed an interesting and even more

livable interior. °% We will gladly suggest

and supply articles needed to complete the

decorative scheme of aray type of home at

current retail prices.

Correspondence invited

1 7 EAST 4Qth STREET

INTERIOR FURNISHING

PLAZA 0-1JO

NEW YORK CITY

For Tour Own Protection
Learn How to Tell (genuine

Linoleum

Look for the woven Burlap Back

Three Tests: 1. All genuine linoleum is
made of ground cork and oxidized linseed
oil, pressed on a strong, flexible BURLAP
back. BURLAP gives linoleum its strength
and durability, adding many years to its
service.

2. Genuine linoleum is flexible and not easy
to tear, because of its sturdy BURLAP back.

3. When you buy Printed Linoleum be
sure that you get the genuine article. Make
sure that the edge is brovin — not -black

JUTE INDUSTRIES, LTD.
320 Broadway New York City

rincrcluint to s/ioti you t/ie

D URLAP bitch

LTODHUNTER]

MANTELPIECES

Fireplace Equipment
Hand-Wrought Colonial Hardware

MADISON AVE.

Between 48^-" ^49^ SIR,

WE HAVE AN UNUSUALLY LARGE SELECTION OF

(Jld. iJaneueJL cAaamA

FURNITURE, AUTHENTIC ANTIQUES& FINE REPRODUCTIONS
PERIOD INTERIORS P. JACKSON HIGGS

WORKS OF ART 11 East 54th St., New York

124

House & Garden

Jn Entertaining

THINK of having pure, clear ice cubes — made from
your favorite drinking water — whenever you want
them for table use.

— of having delightful desserts, ices, sherbets and frozen
salads prepared and frozen in your own home.

Frigidaire, the electric home refrigerator, provides the
means for doing those attractive things that lend a touch of
art to entertaining.

But this is only a small part of its usefulness. It maintains
a dry. constant, cold temperature without the use of ice.
where meats and fruits and vegetables are kept in delightful
condition. It prevents the action of dangerous bacteria. It
is an aid to health, and yet, with all its convenience, actually
costs less to operate than the average cost of ice.

Why Frigidaire Costs so Little to Operate

Frigidaire is built as a complete unit with the refrigerating
mechanism and the cabinet engineered and designed for the
purpose of creating an ideal temperature and maintaining it
at the lowest possible cost for electric current.

No other type of electric refrigerator can give you that de-
gree of dependability and economy of operation that is
offered in Frigidaire.

It is now on display in the show rooms of all Delco-Light
Distributors, and a descriptive booklet will be sent to you
on request.

DELCO-LIGHT COMPANY

Dept. HG-6, Dayton, O.

Subsidiary of General Motors Corporation

The price of Frigidaire, Model B-9, is $595 /. o. b. Da\ton

CLEAN DRY

ELECTRICAL REFRIGERATION

diaw

The influence oj curves was found in a sitting room by Jollot, Dujqur

and Roussin — a circular room, papered in Japanese grass cloth and

with furniture exhibiting almost every possible curve

The French Salon of Decoration

(Continued from page 122)

shown was designed by Leridon. Plain
colored, flat walls in this room were
half hidden under decorations of
monolithic trees from which burst lit-
tle Japanese branches of flat blossoms.
The floor was black velvet with tiger
skins. The most significant piece of
furniture was a chiffonier in amaranth,
curious in shape and elaborately orna-
mented. A Psyche fountain in white
marble was a feature of one wall space.

A dining room in a country house was
displayed by Francis Jourdain. Silver
maple was used in all the woodwork.
The furniture was constructed after
Dutch models and painted red. A tire-
some feature of this room was the effect
of squares in rug, tablespread, draper-
ies and frieze. It gave one the sense of
a small sunroom all done in a lattice
design.

One illustration in this article is
called a "Rest Room". The furniture
and the couch were contributed by the
Musse de Crillon. An extraordinary
feature of this room is the fact that
everything in it is figured. And in the
construction everything is done in
curved lines. The ceiling, the wallpaper,
the couch, the floor covering are all de-
signed with different whirling patterns.
The woodwork is enamelled, the little

stands and the flower jars are all elab-
orately ornamented and the general ef-
fect is about as restful as the Grand
Central Station at 6 o'clock in the eve-
ning.

Another room equally filled with
curved designs is nevertheless a little
simpler and not quite so elaborately
ornamented. This room was assembled
by N. M. Jollot, Dufour, and F. Rous-
sin. This is a circular room, panelled
off by Greek pilasters with the walls
covered by a Japanese paper and orna-
mented with painted draperies holding
bouquets of flowers. Electric lights are
hidden in white lustre basins combined
with wrought iron.

A dining room designed by Maurice
Elysse Dufrene was furnished with an
unusual combination of ebony and
acacia wood. The models were com-
monplace and rendered unimportant by
an elaborately striped wall. A beautiful
rug was used on the floor which sug-
gested the old rose hooked rugs of
Colonial days.

From these few examples it will be
seen that the object of this exhibition
was to astonish rather than to please,
and that the furniture was intended to
exhibit rather than to give beauty and
comfort to a home.

A commentary on the spirit oj the recent salon is found in this, a

room frantic with small, wriggling designs, full of irritating curves,

absurd furniture and statuary. It was called "A Rest Room."

May, 1922

UKIVERSAl.

ENGLISH

CASEMENTS
| and Windows
i for banks, of-
fices, schools,
hospitals, etc.

Steel Casements

for artistic residences and
other substantial buildings

Made in <varitd designs
to meet all conditions

CRITTALL CASEMENT WINDOW CO.

Manufacturers

Detroit

Michigan

Add more room to your home by equipping
your porches with Aerolux Porch Shades. They
shield you from hot sun and prying glances, give
you cozy comfort, and the soft diffused light
that's easy on eyes. Durably built, beautifully
finished, easily hung, won t whip in wind, ven-
tilate from top to bottom.

Write for the "Book of Porches" that tells
how to get more good from your porch.

THE AEROSHADE COMPANY

2238 Oakland Avenue, Waukesha, Wisconsin

VENTILATING

PORCH SHADES

Enjoy Soft Water
Throughout Your House

NO matter how hard, how un-
satisfactory your present
water supply is, a Permutit
Water Softener will give you a
steady flow of delightful, soft
water from every faucet in your
house for about 5 cents per day.
It is entirely automatic, with
nothing to get out of order. No
chemicals are used.

Permutit material possesses the won-
derful property of abstracting all hard-
ness from water that is passed through
it. From time to time it is regener-
ated by adding common cooking salt,
and that is absolutely all the operating
expense there is. You just dump some
salt into the softener and let the water
run through it into the sewer for a
few minutes. No salt is carried into
your house lines and the Permutit is
made absolutely as fresh as new.

Thousands are in daily use every-
where — hundreds of doctors have
Permutit in their homes. Ask for our
free booklet, "Soft Water in Every
Home."

Takes but a few minutes
of your time, once a week

The Permutit Company

440 Fourth Ave.. New York

__ The Story ot

The Darkened Floors

"Yesterday, after using an old floor mop, I noticed how dark my floors
were getting. They were oily and gun.my-looking. So today I asked Mr.
Gardner, my hardware dealer, what he would do. He advised me to try

"I washed the mop and applied this new Mop Polish. The results were
really surprising. I found that the Mop Polish not only cleaned beau-
tifully and imparted a high, dry lustre but it actually restored my floors
to their original appearance, making them look just like new.
"Liquid Veneer Mop Polish is just as fine for floors as Liquid Veneer is
for furniture."

30c, 60c and $1.25 a bottle "Goes twice as far"

At all grocers, hardware, faint, furniture and department stores.

BUFFALO SPECIALTY CO.
ridgeburg, Ont. Buffalo, N. Y. London, England

DUST WITH

mm mm

126

House & Garden

Crescent
DISHWASHER

EAN, sterilized dishes
in your home, spot-
lessly clean, free from dis-
ease germs— washed, rinsed,
dried by the CRESCENT
without being touched by
human hands.

How Are Your
Dishes Washed?

Go into your pantry tonight
and see — the color of the
dish water — the greasy dish
cloth. And are these YOUR
dishes? Are these the glasses,
forks and spoons that you
and your children use?

Hand washed dishe? spread dis-
ease and infection. The Public
Health Service of the United States
has proved that by actual test.

Are you subjecting your children
to the ills of every other person,
yes — of servants, too?

This Booklet Tells

how you can safely
wash y our lo vel iest
china. Hot soapy
water underpres-
sure of an electric
pump, instantly
removes all
grease from
the dishes
witkout any
possibility of injuring the deli-
cate glaze or decoration.

Cannot Break Dishes

With clean boiling water, every
dish is rinsed — sterilized — and
dried by its own heat.

No danger of cracking your rich
cut glass or light French china.

No trace remains of soap or
grease, for every dish is spotlessly
clean.

The booklet tells why you need
a Crescent Dish Washer in your
home as a sanitary protection.
There are over 10,000 CRES-
CENTS in daily use.

The CRESCENT booklet is
yours, free. Write for your copy.

Crescent Washing Machine Co.

126 Second Ave. New Rochelle, N. Y.

Residence of H. S. Snyder,
Farmersville Pa.

Heating the
Large Country Residence

Three Kelsey Warm Air Generators are installed in battery
form (as illustrated,) all the heat being accumulated in one
warm air chamber; the number operated depending on
weather conditions. The automatic humidifier supplies the
r ecessary moisture for health and comfort. Temperature
regulators automatically control the drafts.
Kelsey Health Heat is ideal for both large and small houses,
and cuts the coal bill down to a minimum.

Lei us send you Booklet No. 5, which tells you how and why.

New York Office

565-K Fifth Ave.,

Cor. 46cli Sc.

THE

I WARM

WARM AIR GET7E.RATOR

237 James Street. Syracuse. N. Y.

Boston (9) Office
405- If P. O Sq.Blda.

How To Destroy and Prevent
Insects Injurious To Plants

To protect your garden from insects
in 1922, you should take steps to ward
off the attacks of the diseases and
pests. Send for a copy of "Insects &
Blights."

For nearly forty years the recog-
nized standard advisor with thousands
of gardens throughout the country.
Describes the most widely occurring
bugs, blights, and plant diseases, and suggests dependable remedies
with which to make the garden a source of greater pleasure and profit.

Write for a copy to-day, mentioning House & Garden.

Hammond's Paint & Slug Shot Works

B eacon New York

SOLD BY

SEEDSMEN

EVERYWHERE

Dyeing Rugs

'"THE dyeing of a rug is an art upon which de-
1 pends not only the appearance of the rug
itself, but the appearance of the room of which
it is an important part.

T^HIS art has heeti ingeniously developed in our
A years of practical experience. Send us your
ru«s — we will dye them to match the general color
scheme »f your room — to a nicety.
pltOJll'T attention given to requests /or esti-
1 mates. Stud dimensions and colors desired
or tell us your difficulty— we may have a sugges-
tion or two.

PAUL L. BRYANT CO., INC.

CLEANERS AND DYERS

"Pays Express Charges One Way"

31st St. and First Ave. New York

Dexter Table

The Charm of
Colonial Furniture

The interior furnished in
Leavens Colonial Furniture
is pleasing to the most dis-
criminating. Or, for a piece
here and there, in nook or
corner, you will search far
before you wiil find any-
thing more satisfactory than
these true examples of the
furniture of early America.

Leavens
Furniture

Personal preference may be
exercised in the matter of
finish. Unfinished pieces will
be supplied if desired.
Hand decorated work of un-
usual beauty executed —
either on colonial or modern
furniture.

Write for Set No. 5 of iUus-
trations and Leavens stains.

WILLIAM. LEAVENS

32 CANAL STR.EE.T,

BOSTON.MASS.

FO R THE TAB LI

May, 1922

127

Install
Automatic
Heat Control

ing drudgery out
of your new home.
Eliminate the bother
of operating dampers
and drafts by hand;
insure uniform heat-
ing temperature dur-
ing the day — at night
a lower uniform tem-
perature. Tell your
architect or contractor
to equip your heating plant with the
"Minneapolis" Heat Regulator. Next
winter you will doubly enjoy your new
home; you will save fuel and labor.

The "Minneapolis" can be used on
any type heating plant using any
kind of fuel.

Write for Booklet, "The Convert-
iencc of Comfort." Sent Free.

TheMinneapolis Heat Regulator Co.

279O Fourth Ave. So. Minneapolis, Minn.

'The Heart of the Heating Plant"

Cleans Closet Bowls Without Scouring

Sani-FIush has displaced the use
of makeshift preparations — and all
the unpleasant scrubbing, scouring
and dipping methods of cleaning the
closet bowl.

Just sprinkle a little of it into the
bowl according to directions, and
flush. Stains, odors and incrusta-
tions vanish. Both bowl and trap
become as clean and white as new.

Sani-FIush is sold at grocery, drug,
hardware, plumbing and house-
furnishing stores. Price, 25c.

THE HYGIENIC PRODUCTS CO.
Canton, Ohio

Canadian Agents
Harold F. Ritchie & Co., Ltd., Toronto

Take the Work
Out of Cooking

Install the wonderful Duplex-Alcazur and see
the change it makes in your work.

The Duplex -Alcazar burns gas and coal or wood —
together or singly. You can repulatc your heat to get
it exactly right. Change from fuel to fuel or start the
combination in an instant.

There is a type and style lo suit your needs.
Ask your dealer or write to us for booklet.

For districts where there is no gas, we fur-
nish an Oil Duplex- Alcazar which burns kero-
sene oil and ri.al or wood.

ALCAZAR RANGE & HEATER CO.
410 Cleveland Ave. Milwaukee, Wis.

> UVFLtA I

TWO RANGES IN ONE

All

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Stained tcith

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Architects
Charlotte, .V. C.

Cabot's Creosote Stains

Save Money and Labor

LABOH costs four times as much as material, In staining or painting; so if you accept a
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much more than you have spent for labor. If you take pains to use Cabot's Stains, the colors
will fast on shingles, siding or boards. The colors are deep, rich and handsome and they are
the only genuine Creosote, wood-preserving stains. They cost 50% less, go farther, and are
easier to apply, than paint.

You can get Cabot's Stains all over the country.
Send for stained wood samples and name of nearest agent.

Samuel Cabot, Inc., Mfg. Chemists, 11 Oliver St., Boston, Mass.
24 W. Kinzie St., Chicago : : : 52S Market St., San Francisco

!¥e

Your Casement Windows

to Be Satisfactory
Must Be Convenient

MONARCH

insure convenience — enable you to
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Simple to operate — no gears — no ratchets — no keys — no rat-
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Our booklet "Casement Windows" will prove
interesting and instructive — Write for copy.

MONARCH METAL PRODUCTS COMPANY
4920 Penrose Street St. Louis, Mo.

Get the Full Joy
of Gardening

by having the right things
to work with. Cheap,
shabby hose is a constant
temptation to let the gar-
den go thirsty. Good hose,
properly cared for, is a joy
to use and will last for
years. Ask your dealer to
show you our three stand-
ard brands of %ths inch
garden hose sold at good
hardware stores every-
where.

%ths inch is the right size for
garden hose. Practically all
house fittings are 1/n inch in dia-
meter and %ths hose will de-
liver the water as fast as it can
come through the pipes.

Bull Dog

Highest qualit\ garden hose made. 7
plies of strong cotton cloth held to-
gether with live rubber. Lengths
bought 14 years ago still in use.

Good Luck

Made like BULL DOG, but with 6
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and lightest on the purse.

Milo

Moulded hose with a corrugated cover.
As near kinkproof as garden hose can
be made.

Boston Woven Hose & Rubber Co.

154 Portland Street, Cambridge. Mass.

128

House & Garden

Don't fail to read
the articles by
Marion Stanley
Adams and Rob-
ert J. Kirk if you
appreciate utmost
convenience and
comfort in the
home. Send cou-
pon for this book.

The Creation of Hybrid Plants

(Continued from page 64)

There is no convenience
so important as this —
Instantaneous Hot Water

"The Hoffman is my greatest home helper,"
says Mrs. Adams in her article printed for the
first time in the book shown above, a free copy
of which you may have if you send the coupon.

The Hoffman to which she refers is "the heater with 77 less
parts" which automatically provides instantaneous hot water at
any time, in any quantity. There's nothing to do but turn the
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This book is probably the year's best
contribution to easier and more enjoy-
able housekeeping. It contains full
information about Hoffman Heaters
— and you should have a copy. Send
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Instantaneous

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Heaters

For All Homes Using Gas
The Hoffman Heater Co.

1674 Oberlin Ave. LORAIN, OHIO

Branches in All Important Centers

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The Hoffman Heater Company,

1674 Oberlin Avenue; Lorain, Ohio

Please send me your new "Three Books in One," including full
information about Hoffman Water Heaters.

Name.
Street
City . . .

State .

on this subject, and Linnaeus in the
latter part of the 18th Century through
his classification work, had given a
definite expression to the word species, it
was Gregor Mendel, monk and abbot,
who in 1865, after eight years of ex-
haustive experiments, brought the re-
sult of his findings before a local society
of natural history. It remained un-
known, however, until 1900, when Men-
del's findings were simultaneously re-
discovered by several well known biolo-
gists. Since then it has become known
as Mendel's Law.

Mendel's work as set before himself
was to gain a clear conception how the
different fixed varieties found within a
species are related 'to each other, and
for this subject he chose a hardy, pro-
lific annual (the garden pea) which is
normally self-fertilizing and unlikely to
be cross-fertilized by insects.

For this purpose he chose two strains,
one of about 6' in height, and another
of about 2'; from previous observations
both strains grew true to their height.

By artificially crossing them with
one another he found it made no dif-
ference whether the pollen of the tall
strain was used on the dwarf, or the
pollen of the dwarf on the tall. The
plants grown the next year from the
seeds resulting from artificial cross-fer-
tilization showed that all were of the tall
strain, and Mendel termed tallness
"dominant" and dwarfness "recessive."

The following year the plants from
the seeds of these tall hybrids showed a
mixed result, consisting of tails and
dwarfs; the seeds of the dwarfs con-
tinued to grow dwarfs, while those of
the tall ones grew both tails and dwarfs,
in the proportion of three tails to one
dwarf.

In cases of colored flowers the same
definite rule was observed. Thus, when
a tall plant bearing colored flowers was
crossed with a dwarf plant bearing
white flowers, the hybrid resulting
proved to be a tall plant with colored
flowers, for colored flowers are "domi-
nant" to white, and tallness is dominant
to dwarfness. The seeds from these hy-
brids grew plants in the proportion of
three colored to one white, and in these
groups we find several shades of color,
from red to a tinged white and pure
white.

Having chosen a certain hybrid, either
for color, appearance, height or what-
ever our selection may be, the seeds of
each plant after cross-fertilization has
taken place must be gathered and sown

individually, even if a number of plants
were the same in character, color or ap-
pearance. It is in the third, and at
times in the fourth or fifth generation,
that the selected strain, type or char-
acter, will be found true and constant
in a number of plants, and the new
hybrid variety thus established is ready-
to be put on the market.

Crossing is accomplished by cross-
fertilizing two flowers from two dis-
tinct types, or varieties. Ascertain if
on each flower of the varieties to be
used the male and female organs ap-
pear; if they do it is necessary to
emasculate the flower chosen to be the
female parent, by eliminating the an-
thers or pollen sacks before they ripen.
This can be done by a pair of fine
forceps.

Choose a well-formed, almost open
bud, on a healthy plant, with but few
flowers, the fewer the better. Having
thus selected the female bearing flower,
remove the anthers and enclose the flow-
er in a waxed paper bag. In two to
four days, depending on the time re-
quired by the stigma to ripen, deposit
the pollen on the stigma from the se-
lected male flower, with the aid of a
camel's hair brush. The pollen should
not be brushed on, but shaken on.
Place a waxed paper bag on the flower
and remove in ten to fourteen days.

Biological cleanliness must prevail;
the brush and hands must be clean of
other pollen dust.

There is another method. After the
female flower has been emasculated and
protected as previously stated, the pol-
len of the male flower can be shaken
on the ripe stigma of the female flower
at rather close range, instead of utilizing
a camel's hair brush. The best results
are obtained if this operation takes place
indoors, where the plants are not dis-
turbed by the elements.

In varieties where the male or female
organs appear on 'different plants and
emasculation is not necessary, the
female flower must be protected before
and after cross-fertilization occurs. A
correct descriptive record of each parent
should always be kept for future refer-
ence.

As the construction of flowers vary,
and the actual mechanism of hybridiz-
ing differs somewhat with each variety
or species, we must not be carried away
with the idea that it is possible to cross
promiscuously any variety or species
we may choose. It is a question of ex-
perience, experimentation and patience.

Consider the Wa t e r Lily

(Continued from page 57)

and set in the ground. A row of such
tubs, by the way, each devoted to one
lily, makes a beautiful and extraor-
dinarily interesting border. Any dealer
in water lilies, and there are now sev-
eral in this country, will gladly furnish
details as to building cement pools;
any contractor in concrete work will
be found quite capable of doing the
work, or, indeed, the owner may well
do it himself.

In making cement pools there are
several points to be kept in mind. The
area of the water surface should be no
less, and preferably greater, than the
area of the bottom of the pool. In
any other event the expansion of the
water upon freezing will probably
crack the walls. The inner surface of
such a pool should be as smooth as
possible, to make it water-tight. It is
better, and perhaps absolutely essential
in larger pools, that the concrete be
reinforced.

For a rectangular tank, 20' by 10',

the walls should be >," wide at the sur-
face of the ground and 8" thick at
their base. The inner surfaces must
be at least perpendicular; that is, the
walls must not lean inward, but may
lean outward. The excavating should
allow for a 6" concrete bottom, and
the inner walls of the wooden form
should be hung from cross braces so
that when the concrete is poured it
will be possible to pour walls and bot-
tom at same time, making the pool a
jointless monolith and, consequently,
water-tight. The first 3" of the bot-
tom should be laid first, and upon it
the strips of wire fencing, which should
extend upward in the wooden wall
forms to within a few inches of the top.
When these strips are wired together
and fixed in. position the concrete for
the rest of the bottom and the walls
is poured. The mixture should consist
of one part cement, two of sand and
three of stone.

(Continued on page 130)

May, 1922

129

Residence of Walter M. Collins,
Builder. Bayside, L. I.

Read what this experienced Builder says
about his own houseuihich is insulated with

Cabot's "Quilt"

"The Quilt is certainly a good in-
vestment, as the house is in a very
exposed position, and after the hard-
est winter in years, without a frozen
pipe or any difficulty in heating. I
feel that the small additional cost
over ordinary building paper has al-
ready been saved in coal and com-

(Signed) Walter M. Collins
Cabot's Quilt will save you "in coal
and comfort" as long as your house
stands. It is cheaper to build warm
houses than to heat cold ones and a
cold house will waste enough coal in
two winters to pay for Quilt to keep
it warm. Quilt is not a mere felt
or paper, but a thick, matted cushion
of rot-proof, vermin-proof, fire-retard-
ing eel-grass that is about thirty
times warmer than cheap papers.
For insulating roofs and walls, to
keep out heat or cold, and for sound
deadening in floors and partitions.
You can get Cabot's Quilt all over
the country. Send for free sample
and name of nearest agent.

Samuel Cabot, Inc.

Manufac-
turing
Chemists
11 Oliver St.
Boston, Mass.
342 Mad-
ison Ave.

N. Y.
24 West
KinzieSt.
Chicago

eforeYou
uild_

Get This FR& Book

Steel Basement Windows

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ment a bright, pleasant, and health-
ful place to work.

Learn why these windows admit 40%
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Send for a copy today — this incurs no
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home.

Detroit Steel Products Company
2322 East Grand Boulevard, Detroit

Olde jStonesfle

and Flagging

J. A. Farrell Terrace
Norwalk, Coon.

end for booklet No. 27

THE JOHN D. EMACK CO.

Don't Delay-Write Today!

California Bungalow Books

"Home Kraft" and "Draughtsman" each contain Bungalows and
Two Stories. "Plan Kraft" Two Stories. "Kozy Homes" Bunga-
lows. $1.00 each— all four for $3.00. De Luxe Flats $1.00.

DE LUXE BUILDING CO.,

521 UNION LEAGUE BLDG. LOS ANGELES, CALIF.

Drurr^fire
Dishwasher

NO POWER' Turn the hot-water faucet— that's all. The Drum-
fir, Di,hu,a,hcr "shoots off the grease!" It washes vegetables also
It works simply and swiftly. And how it saves china!
earns its cost in non-breakage alone. Price $45. (Partial pay-
ments arranged if desired.) Plans for a new home should surely
include a place for the Drumfire permanently installed. 1 ry it c
and see for yourself. We let you use it. free, for 10 days in you
own kitchen. Write direct to our factory.

Goad territory open to ftiffft grade
vomen to act ag our representatives

The Dietz Manufacturing Co.

Dept. C-S, Cincinnati, Ohio

For Staircases —

of course — it's one of the
hardest of hardwoods.
And it is ideal in its abil-
ity to take and hold high
finish enamel.

For Floors-
baseboards — mouldings
— -zvindois.' frames — doors
— all interior trim, there
is nothing that excels and
few woods that equal
birch. And birch is rea-
sonably priced.

For Furniture—

well, if you will look
through the best furni-
ture stores you will find
many of their finest
"sets" made of birch —
first, because it is durable
and second, because it is
capable of finishing in
such a variety of beauti-
ful effects.

If you are thinking of
building, furnishing or
remodeling a home, you
should have the birch
book that tells you all
about birch advantages.
We will send it FREE.
It awaits your request.

THE BIRCH
MANUFACTURERS

219 F.R. A. Building, OshkoshMs.

THE

VIEWS

SHOWK

130

House & Garden

Luther Burbank, "the wizard,"
the story of whose work with
plants is as fascinating as a detec-
tive story. He found on one of
his potato 'plants a little round
ball and —

The Little Round Ball
Made Millions

Potato plants used to have seeds like other plants; they grew
in little round balls. Gradually under cultivation the seeds
disappeared; only once in a long while is a seed-ball found.

Burbank, then a lad of twenty, at work in his garden found
one. He planted the seeds, and out of the experiments begun
in this simple fashion grew the fine new variety of potato which
adds to the wealth of America millions of dollars every year.

Invite Him Into YOUR
Garden

THINK of the thrill of
wandering through the
garden with Burbank; of hear-
ing him explain how he bred
the spines out of the cactus
and made it produce fine
fruit; how he made the black-
berry white, and developed
the seedless plum; how he
doubled the productiveness
of the cherry and transformed
the quince, and made the
strawberry yield all the year
round. How he produced a
plant that bears tomatoes
above and potatoes below,
and grew almonds inside of
peaches. Can you imagine
any more delightful, more
valuable reading than these
writings of Luther Burbank,
in which he tells

How Plants Are Trained
to Work For Man

Whether your garden consists
of broad acres or only a back
yard or a window box, there
are facts in these pages that
will be worth many times the
little cost of the books to you.
It is as if Burbank himself
were by your side, telling just

what to plant and when and
where, guiding your every step
to success. For these books
are a description by Burbank
of the results of actual work
carried on by him in practical
experiments with countless
living plants. He demonstrates
what can be done; he sets
new ideas and novel prob-
lems.

Here for the first time is pre-
sented in convenient and au-
thoritative form all that the
world is eager to know about
this unique genius of the plant
world — the interesting facts
of his long and fruitful life,
the secret of his success, his
methods and discoveries.
An attractive booklet has
been published to tell more
about this remarkable library.
It is called Half-Hour Experi-
ments with Plants.
It contains a brief biography of
Mr. Burbank telling how he rose
from a mere beginner to his pres-
ent eminence; evidence of "what
others have done working in the
manner of Burbank; illustrations
from the complete set, in full col-
ors; and constructive Burbank
experiments that you may
actually put into practice.
You will find this book-
let well worth sending
for. Clip the coupon
now — and send

The coupon brings you full
information about these books

P. F.
COLLIER
& SON
COMPANY
416 West 13th
St., New York,
N. Y.

Without obligation,
please send me the free
booklet about the Bur-
bank books, together with
full particulars as to how 1
may procure them by small
monthly payments.

245-BKC L

Occupation

The publishers cannot undertake to mend this booklet
free to children-

Consider the Water Lily

(Continued from page 126)

It should be noticed that no piping
has been called for. None, except in
really large pools is needed. The tank
can be filled with the hose and once
filled should stay filled. It is well to
have the pool completed as far in ad-
vance of planting time as possible, pre-
ferably the previous autumn, as it is
to be a home for fish as well as for
plants, and until certain more or less
water soluble chemicals present in new
concrete have dissolved out, the pool
will not be fit for fish. Fill and empty
once or twice, and let the water stand
several days each time, before adding
the fish.

Hardy and Tender Lilies

Water lilies, which are the principal
plants of the water gardener, are of two
sorts, the hardy and the tender. Both
are perennials, the hardy of the temp-
erate zones, the tender of the tropic
or sub-tropic. Unless one has a green-
house he can not keep tender water
lilies the year round, but he can con-
sider them as annuals, and set out new
plants each season, just as he might
plant sweet pea seeds, and with more
certainty, indeed, than in the case of
sweet peas, have a magnificent display
of flowers until frost.

In color, water lilies offer a wide
range. They are to be had in white,
pink, red, yellow and blue, and in many
combinations of these colors. In size
there is an even greater variety, the
great Victoria regia with its leaves 5' in
diameter marking one extreme, and tiny
PygmtFa with its \\/<" flowers, the other.
Most of the plants commonly called
water lilies belong to the genus Nym-
phoea, but one group, the Neliim-
biums, are quite distinct from these
botanically, and are often referred to
as lotuses. The introduction of this
last name is unfortunate, for while the
sacred lotus of the Hindus is Nelum-
bium speciosum, the more famous lotus
of the Egyptians is a Nymph&a.

Whatever experimenting he event-
ually does in water lily propagation and
seedling raising, the beginner will buy
his Nelumbium tubers and Nymphcca
roots from a dealer. They will arrive
packed in sphagnum moss and wrapped
in waxed paper, and the tub, tank or
pool, must have been prepared pre-
viously. The roots, which will look
like very thick iris rhizomes, should be
planted one for each receptacle in
boxes or baskets of soil, 2' to 3' square
and 1' deep. These boxes are then
placed in position on the bottom of
the empty pool and enough water added
to cover them to a depth of 3" or 4".
This is to permit the warming of the
water by the sun, readily, and the depth
should be increased gradually as the
plants grow until the pool is filled.
Pools, by the way, should always
command full sunlight. If tender
nymphaeas are to be planted the planter
must wait until warm weather is as-
sured.

When Winter Comes

When frost comes there are two im-
portant things to remember. One of these
is to leave the water in the pool. The
other is to take the goldfish out of it.
While the goldfish have been ornamental
all summer, have attracted a great deal
of attention, and have won the owner's
affection by confidently raising a multi-
tudinous family in the dark fringes of
the hanging water hyacinth roots, leav-
ing them to him to take care of through
the winter, they are primarily utilitar-
ian. The water garden would breed a
plague of mosquitoes at once were it
not for the fish. With them the mos-
quito larvae come to an untimely end.
And when one begins to water garden

he learns things he never dreamed be-
fore about goldfish; talks of veil-tails,
and fringe-tails, and comets and tele-
scope eyes, and finds that in embark-
ing upon this new enterprise he has
really embarked upon two. As I write
this, spring has not yet come in this
north country, but in my hallway my
aquarium contains telescope eyed, comet,
and beautiful coppery-gold fringe-tail
fish, and six different aquatic plants in
vigorous growth, one of which, the
floating water hyacinth, sends up an
occasional spike of lilac blossoms.

One other cultural point should be
made before considering the varieties of
plants available for the water garden.
This is the fact that the soil must be
rich. Three parts of good garden soil
to one part well rotted cow manure is
the usual formula. Barnyard manure
may be substituted for cow manure,
but the former is the better. Another
substitute is bone meal, used at the
rate of one quart to the bushel of soil.
The water lilies are heavy feeders and
will in a season greatly reduce the plant
food content of the box of soil they
are planted in. In consequence, it is
important, every two or three years,
to provide new soil for box grown
plants, and to fertilize freely. For
fertilizing, bone meal may be added to
the soil at the beginning of the season,
or it may be scattered upon the surface
of the water. Whatever is done must
be done with a thought to its effect
upon the fish. Their presence is ab-
solutely essential, and no fertilizer which
will injure them can be used.

Water Lily Enemies and Friends

Water lilies are generally free from
pests. Two varieties of aphis do some-
times collect in large numbers on the
upper surfaces of the leaves, but these
are readily swept off into the water
with the hose, when the goldfish will
cooperate heartily. Muskrats find
water lily roots palatable, and these
animals sometimes make trouble in ex-
tensive plantings in natural and acces-
sible ponds.

The pool owner will probably sooner
or later be alarmed by toads. They
find ideal breeding places in the water
garden. Their eggs are minute black
spheres, regularly placed in perfectly
transparent gelatine tubes, a foot or
more in length. I found the plants in
one of my tubs festooned with these
curious tubes one morning, and was
somewhat disturbed. A day or two be-
fore, an apparently mad, but I suppose,
really, a merely completely happy toad,
had perched on the tub edge and sung,
blowing himself out at the throat as
if determined to burst. No pouter
pigeon ever did such spectacular inflat-
ing. This toad was absolutely indif-
ferent to all but the tumultuous flow of
his own emotions. I pushed a camera
up to within a yard of him and snapped
him in full song. Another which I
have assumed was his spouse clambered
out of the tub and disappeared among
the iris. The size of his family when
it arrived a few days later, must have
been very gratifying. It numbered sev-
eral hundred. Many of these survived
to depart for other parts of the garden
as tiny but, apparently, completely de-
veloped toads. As the Department of
Agriculture has recently estimated a
toad to be worth S19.44, I was almost
as happy as their absurd parent.

The water lily captures the novice by
its dramatic, not to say spectacular pro-
ceedings at blossoming time. Unless
one goes out on still days when the
water is motionless, and peers down
into its darkness, the gardener has no
advance notice, as with other plants,
that the lily has decided to bring forth
(Continued on page 132)

May, 1922

131

FROM HOLLAND

TO YOU—
THE WORLD'S BEST BULBS

The world's leading producer of high grade bulbs is the picturesque country of
Holland. Every year from this toyland of painted roofs, wandering dikes, and
sky-blue tiles we import bulbs of unequalled quality and of many varieties,
bringing color and fragrance to flower-lovers all over America.

Picked By Expert Horticulturists

There are thousands of growers of bulbs in Holland, but the best flowers
come from bulbs perfected by specialists who have spent their lives
working with certain varieties. In fact, the perfection of some of the Hol-
land bulbs is actually the work of several generations. Because of our
long experience and many visits with the best Holland horticulturists
we are able to obtain for you their finest products at a reasonable cost.

Flowers Are Gay and Sympathetic Companions

If you grow flowers yourself you not only have the enjoyment of watch
ing them through all the interesting stages of their development, but
you will also enjoy their beauty the year round and at a fraction of the
price you would have to pay at your florist's.

Lady Boreel (while)
70 per doz., $5.00 per hundred

Bulbs Mean Flowers in Your Home or Garden

A glance at our price list will show that it is far cheaper to grow your own
flowers than to buy them already potted. For a few cents each you can grow
hyacinths, tulips, and narcissi which would cost $1.00 a plant or more
in a retail shop. Grown in the home they will brighten your rooms
from Christmas to Easter.

The bulbs require very little care. Simply plant them in soil from your garden, or use soil
from a florist's shop if you live in the city. Keep them in a cool, dark place and water
them occasionally until they are well rooted. Then bring them out to the light at inter-
vals of ten days so that you may have a succession of flowers. When the buds are ready
to open, you may transplant the bulbs to jardinieres, fern dishes, or bowls if you wish.

Why You Must Order Quickly

We import bulbs to order only and must have word not later than
July 1st from old or new customers who want part of this year's shipment.
By ordering at once you get a special discount on a quality of bulbs not usually

to be obtained in the United States at any price.

A FEW SPECIAL PRICES

If Ordered Before July

1st

Exhibition Hyacinths

Doz.Hund.

La Grandesse Pure White

$2.00 $15.00

Grande Blanche Blush White

2.00 15.00

La Victoire Brilliant Red

2.00 15.00

Rosea Maxima Delicate Blush

2.00 15.00

Enchantress Light Blue

2.00 15.00

City of Haarlem Best Yellow

2.00 15.00

Second sized Hyacinths in all best

varieties . .......

1.50 11.00

Miniature Hyacinths in separate

colors

.70 4.75

Tulips

Mon Tresor Yellow

.85 6.00

Belle Alliance Scarlet

.70 5.00

Lady Boreel Pure White

.70 5.00

Keiserkroon Red & Yellow

.65 4.50

Rose Grisdelin Beautiful Pink

.65 4.50

Narcissi or Daffodils

Paper White Monster Sizes

.75 5.00

GoldenSpurSelect Rich Yellow

.75 5.50

Emperor J Mon- Yellow

1.00 7.75

Empress \ ster White 6k Yellow

1.00 7.75

Von Sion ' Sizes Double Yellow

1.00 7.00

Poeticus Ornatus White

.55 3.50

Sulphur Phoenix Yellow &. White

.80 5.50

Booklet lists many other varieties

We have a large list of varieties. If you wish to experience the
pleasure of seeing these exquisite flowers blooming in your home
or garden next season, we urge you to write at once. Delivery
will be made by the end of September or early in October.

Send At Once For Beautiful Free Booklet

Whether or not you have ever grown flowers you will be fasci-
nated with our booklet, attractively illustrated in color, showing
a thousand varieties of bulbs and giving complete instructions
for growing them successfully in either your house or garden.

Cut Out and Mail the Coupon Today

or send us a line and we shall be pleased to send -you, free 0} charge,
this truly unusual booklet. Or better still, order now from the
accompanying list and we shall send the booklet at once and fill
your order as soon as possible after the bulbs arrive from Holland.
Our reputation as one of the oldest and most reliable seed, shrub,
and plant houses in America is a guarantee of fairness and satis-
faction. Enjoy the fragrance of these really remarkable flowers.
Make your home and your neighborhood more beautiful.
Order your bulbs today. They need not be paid for until after delivery.

ELLIOTT NURSERY Co.

513 Magee Bldg. Established 35 years Pittsburgh, Pa.

Our bulb business is one of the largest in the world

Read What These People Say:

Admiration of the town! "I want to tell you how
magnificent my daffodils are. They are the admiration of
the town, and have given us untold pleasure. Numbers
of my friends have asked me to order for them. Each
daffodil la the Site Of ft teaoop. Many bulbs have
four flowers, and not one has failed to produce two."
— G. D. S., Uniontown, Ala.

Beyond Expectations! "I must tell you what ex-
cellent results I have had with the bulbs I ordered from
you. By Easter, all the hyacinths and tulips showed large,
healthy buds, which have matured far beyond all ex-
pectation. The quality of bulbs offered by you, even in
cheaper mixtures, far surpasses that often sold at much
higher prices."— R. C. A., Kansas City, Mo.
Nothing: short of wonderful! "I have in my front
window, as the admiration of all the passersby, the finest
group of tulips ever seen in this city. With their gorgeous
colors odd shapes and exquisite shades of color, they are
nothing short of wonderful." — J. A. S., Portland, Me.

MAIL THIS COUPON TODAY

Elliott Nur§ery Co.,

513 Magee Bldg., Pittsburgh, Pa.

Kindlv send me Free Booklet about Import,
ed Dutch Bulbs with full directions how to
grow t lu-in in bouse and garden.

Name

St. and No. or R. D. .
City...

State.

132

BIRD BATHS

FOUNTAINS

SUN DIALS

VASES

JARS

GAZING GLOBES

BENCHES

FLOWER POTS

BOXES, ETC.

Gives the Essential Touch to a Garden

A Bird Bath makes a delightful spot of interest, a Sun Dial adds
quaintness while Jars and Vases form charming contrasts against
the colorful backgrounds.

Many attractive designs are executed in our light stony gray, high
fired, frost proof TERRA COTTA. Red, buff and other colors will
be made.

Our catalogue illustrating 300 numbers will be sent upon receipt of
20c in stamps.

Galloway Terra Cotta Company 3218 Walnut Street

Established 1310 Philadelphia

House & Garden

Consider the Water Lily

(Continued from page 130)

A "Sure to Bloom" Collection

(Tubers— prepaid) For $1.00

Frank A. Walker, lavender-pink Decorative

Robert Broomfield, pure white Show

Libella, iiurple Cactus

Rose-pink Century, pink Single

Vivian, white and rose Show

My Catalog is Free— Please Ask for It

a flower. His first intimation comes
when some morning in early summer
he discovers, among the floating leaves,
that a great oval bud has arisen. Tha*.
day the bud remains closed. The next
morning, sometime in the forenoon, it
slowly opens and reveals usually a
flower of surpassing beauty, brilliant
anc rich in color, large in size and
delicate in texture. About four o'clock
that afternoon it closes completely.
Each day this opening and closing is
repeated at the same hours, until finally
the bud sinks below the surface and is
seen no more. The hours vary with
the different varieties, as does the num-
ber of days the blossom opens. Some
varieties among the tender nymphaeas
are nocturnal in their blossoming,
though in many of these the flowers re-
main open until as late as one o'clock
the following afternoon.

In his selection of varieties the
gardener is governed by the plant's
habit of growth, the color of the flower,
and the cost. Many water lilies, very
desirable in large ponds, are entirely
too rampant in their growth for tubs
or even for pools. There are, however,
enough varieties for all circumstances
and the catalogs are growing yearly
more specific in this respect. The
grower must also bear in mind that
the tender nymphaeas include all the
blue water lilies and all the night
blooming varieties. The cost may be
ascertained by consulting catalogs. Of
those I am about to list here, the most
expensive cost five dollars last season,
the least expensive, 75 cents, and the
majority SI. SO.

Assuming the gardener to have a
natural pond at his disposal, plants
from the following list will give satis-
faction:

WHITE

Gladstoniana, hardy. One of the
best whites, but must have plenty of
room.

**Marliacea albida, hardy. Though
not so large as the preceding, this
flower is one of the most brilliant of
the whites.

RED

*Frank Trelease, tender and night
blooming. Crimson flowers, 8" or
more in diameter.

*Rnbra rosea, tender and night
blooming. Rosy carmine, same size as
preceding.

*James Brydon, hardy. Rosy crim-
son, 4" to 5" in diameter.

YELLOW

**Marliacea chromatella, hardy.
Bright canary, 4" to 6".

Odo^af.a sulphured, hardy. Same size
as preceding, but fragrant.

PINK

Eugenia de Land, hardy. Deep rose
pink. Large flowers with long, slender
petals.

Odorata W. B. Shaw, hardy. Rich
rose pink, free flowering and fragrant.

BLUE

^Pennsylvania, tender. A real blue.
Flowers often 1' in diameter.

*William Stone, tender. Purple. 5"
to 7".

**Zanzibariensis, tender. Deep pur-
ple. 6" to 8", and strongly fragrant.
A magnificent African variety.

The plants marked with one asterisk
will do well in artificial pools, and
those marked with two, even in tubs.
In tubs, however, none of these is at
its best, and the Zanzibariensis will
produce but tiny flowers. The Mar-
liacea varieties mentioned are better,
and can be counted upon for 4" and 5",
handsome blossoms. Others suited for
small tanks and tubs, are:

Laydekeri purpurea, hardy. Rosy

crimson with reddish orange stamens.

Laydekeri lilacea, hardy. Rosy lilac
and fragrant.

Marliacea cornea, hardy. Palest flesh
pink.

Marliacea rosea, hardy. Deep rose
pink.

Arethusa, hardy. Crimson pink.

There are, finally, two water lilies so
tiny that they are at their best in tubs
and will even thrive in large aquaria.
These are Nymphcea pygmasa, white,
and N. P. Helvola, yellow.

One other plant should be specially
mentioned. This is Nelumbium spec-
iosum, already referred to. This is not
a true water lily, but a magnificent
garden aquatic. Its flowers, sometimes
1' in diameter, with brilliant yellow
centers, are pink, and both flowers and
leaves are held on stout stems several
feet above the water. The roots are
so widespreading that the plant is suit-
able only for natural ponds, and then
only in such latitudes as make it cer-
tain that the roots will never freeze.

In the tub water garden there is room
for but one water lily to the tub, but
even there it is well to provide other
tubs for subsidiary plants; plants to
provide backgrounds and furnish edg-
ings. The tendency of the water garden
is to flatness, and plants along shore or
in the water, which will break the hor-
izontal line, often have value. A point
to be borne in mind is that if the pond
is natural, semi-aquatics, or moisture
loving plants may be used for marginal
purposes; if, on the contrary, the pool
is artificial, it must and will be water-
tight throughout, and it can not then
supply moisture for plants along its
border. In any event iris is an ideal
border plant. Two varieties, the yel-
low pseudacorus and the native blue
versicolor, will stand having their rhi-
zomes constantly submerged. Japanese
iris, with its magnificent flowers, thrives
in damp soil, and for dry soil, any of
the great pogoniris, or bearded iris
group will serve, as well as the rarer
Spanish and English bulbous irises. The
hibiscus, which will grow almost equally
well with moisture or without it, makes,
because of its enormous blossoms, the
showiest of all backgrounds. Tall plants
worth mentioning that will grow in the
water itself are the Cyprus or umbrella
palm, Zizania aquatica, a showy grass,
often reaching a height of 10', and the
common cat-tail.

Of surface aquatics, the water
hyacinth with its spikes of lilac blos-
soms is invaluable, for its roots sup-
port fish eggs and later furnish shel-
ter for the young fish themselves,
whose parents and whose parents'
friends are emphatically cannibalistic.
The water poppy is also worth grow-
ing. Its delicate yellow, poppy-like
blossoms are produced so freely that
the fact that each lasts but a day is
overlooked. Both poppy and hyacinth
are rapid growers, and will have to be
thinned from time to time.

There are several books on water
lilies and water gardening now easily
available. The greatest of these is the
monograph by Henry S. Conard, on
the genius Nymphasa, published under
the title, "The Waterlilies," by the
Carnegie Institution. This has been
distributed by its publishers to li-
braries all over the country. Another
is "The Book of Water Gardening," by
Peter Bisset, (De La Mare Publishing
Co., N. Y. City), and still another is
"Water Lilies," by Henry S. Conard
and Henri Hus, published in the
"Garden Library," by Doubleday, Page
& Co. An excellent smaller Dook is
"Making a Water Garden," by William
Tricker, published by Robert McBride
& Co. "Goldfish Varieties," by W. T.
Innes, will surely interest the water
garden owner.

May, 1922

NEW ALLWOODII Perpetual Flowering Hardy Pinks

A SPLENDID new strain of perpetual flowering, deliriously clove scented,
Hardy Pinks. They are perfectly hardy and flower continuously from early
June until late in the autumn. The flowers are much more substantial and larger
than in the old type of Hardy Pink and are borne on long stems suitable for cut-
ting. The varieties offered below are beautifully illustrated in colors in Dreer's
Garden Book for 1922.

Harold — A splendid large double pure white, of very symmetrical form and great substance.

Jean — Pure white with deep violet-crimson center. A distinct and handsome flower.

Mary — Pale rose-pink with light maroon center.

Robert — A delicate shade of old rose with light maroon center. Very free.

Good thrifty young plants of the above, 35 cts. each; $3.50 per dozen; $25.00 per 100. We

will supply one each of the four varieties for $1.25.

Dreer's Hardy Perennial Plants

The old fashioned Hardy Garden Flowers which are now so popular on account of their
varied changes throughout the entire season. We offer a large assortment and have pre-
pared a special leaflet, with plans and list of varieties, for positions either in sun or shade. A
copy of this leaflet will be mailed free to all applicants.

Dreer's Roses for the Garden

Extra heavy two-year-old plants, specially prepared for the amateur, for out-door planting
and immediate results. All worth-while new and standard varieties are offered.

Dreer's Garden Book for 1922

Contains 224 pages, eight color plates and numerous photo-engravings. It offers the best
Vegetable and Flower Seeds, Lawn Grass and Agricultural Seeds. Garden Requisites; Plants
of all kinds, including Roses, Dahlias, Cannas, Hardy Perennials, etc. A copy will be mailed
free to all applicants who mention this publication. WRITE TODAY.

133

HARDY GARDEN PINKS

HENRY A. DREER, 714-716 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pa.

W. G. CORNELL COMPANY

PLUMBING HEATING LIGHTING
Union Square, New York City

Chicago
Cleveland
Washington
Kansas City

Baltimore
Newark
Be: stem
Philadelphia

Norfolk
Pittsburgh
St. Louis
Montreal

NATURE'S INSUFFICIENT BOUNTY

If you depend on nature alone to supply moisture for the
lawn, shrubs or flowers in which you've invested your money,
you're likely to lose at least part of your investment. For
nature's help, though bountiful, is often unreliable.
Supplement nature's rains with a Cornell irrigation system,
and you have the equivalent of an insurance policy which
gives automatic protection against any damage or loss from
dry weather.

Economy, simplicity and
efficiency arc combined in
Cornell Overhead and
Underground Irrigation
Systems, with patented,
adjustable "Rain Cloud"
Nozzles. Installed any
time for an\ area, without
injury to lawn or garden.

Cornell furnishes "rain"
when, where and how you
want it.

For further particulars write to-
day for free illustrated booklet

Sy&tems of Irrigation

134

House & Garden

Write

today

for

I free

catalogue

Mary Steffenson

So beautifully distinct
from any other dahlia.
The soft colors and tints
blend so harmoniously.
The most exquisitely
formed flowers are car-
ried so gracefully, erect
to facing, on the long cane stiff stems. Size, six to eight inches. Color
at base of petal, citron yellow, outer half creamy white, both yellow
and white mottled and overspread rosolane pink. Many petals showing
faint yellow along mi'd-vein. All dusted over with tiny glistening
crystal-like particles, as of gold dust. An ideal dahlia for cutting,
garden and for exhibition. Roots ,^5.00 each.

That you may know our dahlias we make the following

SPECIAL INTRODUCTORY OFFERS

5 beautiful Cactus Dahlias $1.00

5 k'rand Decorative Dahlias $ 1 .00

2 Giant Century, 2 unique Collarettes, 2 Ball, 6 in all $1.00

5 Peony Dahlias, $1.00, 1 Pkt. new Decorative Dahlia Seed $1.00

Above 5 offers, each Dahlia carefully labeled, true to name, and my book
on The Dahlia, all postpaid for $5.00

OUR NEW CATALOGUE, THE WORLD'S BEST DAHLIAS, not only shows Mary
Steffenson, Queen Elizabeth, Golden West Cactus and 9 new Century Dahlias
hi natural colors, but tells the plain truth about the best new and standard
varieties, including 12 wonderful new creations, now offered for the first time.

THE LEADING DAHLIA CATALOGUE, FREE

Write today. A postcard will bring you a copy by return mail.

Berlin

PEACOCK DAHLIA FARMS

We <nv tin largest in the world New Jersey

NOW ONLY $175

If you have grass to cut on anything larger than a
small city lot, write today for the new Moto-Mower
Catalog. It will show you how, for an investment
of only $175, for the 24-inch machine, or only S210
for the 27-inch machine, you can do your mowing
with only one-fifth of your present cutting time and
costs.

It will describe this wonderful Moto-Mower — the
simplest, sturdiest machine on the market — only
eleven moving parts. So simple a boy can run it.
So strong it will last for years without repair.
It is a thoroughly proven machine. Used on hun-
dreds of the country's leading parks, cemeteries, and
private estates.

Write today lor the catalog and have your
machine in time to begin spring cutting.

THE MOTO-MOWER COMPANY

3242 E. Woodbridge Street Detroit, Mich.

Window Ledge Gardening the Year Around

(Continued jrom page 76)

dow-ledge boxes without check in
growth or loss of flowers, and all like
the cool spring weather and are not
injured by a few degrees of frost. For
a vine or trailer the plant which gives
the greatest satisfaction is the English
ivy (Hedera helix) and next to this
Vinca alba variegata and Vinca minor.

Sometimes in the country the spring
boxes can be prettily filled with wild
plants. Clumps of blue violets, spring
beauties (Claytonia), liverwort (he-
patica), anemones and bloodroot (San-
guinaria), all of which bloom in earliest
spring, are good. For foliage plants,
rattlesnake plantains (Goodyera),
princess pine (Chimaphila), and for a
trailer, partridge berry vine (Mitchella).
These wild plants should be lifted care-
fully with some earth on their roots.

Northern and Western exposures are
quite trying to all plants in window-
ledge boxes in very early spring. For
such places, Dutch hyacinths, English
daisies and pansies in earliest spring
and, a little later, hydrangeas seem to be
most satisfactory for flowering plants,
and English ivy, periwinkle (Vinca
alba variegata) and Vinca minor for
trailers. For an eastern exposure all of
these kinds of flowering plants, and also
tulips, daffodils, crocuses, forget-me-
nots and moss pinks, with English ivy
and Vinca alba variegata for trailers.
For boxes facing the south, try all of
the spring plants previously mentioned
except hydrangeas; even these do well
in a southern aspect, if very careful at-
tention is given to watering them free-
ly. For a vine in this exposure we use
periwinkle, or German ivy (Senecio
mikanoides) is good, because our favor-
ite English ivy does not like such con-
ditions.

Good plant arrangements for spring
boxes are: (a) Dutch hyacinths in the
center from end to end ; English daisies
all around the box, a few inches away
from the hyacinths; English ivy to trail
over the outer side of box. (b) English
daisies in the center from end to end ;
pansies all around the box a few inches
from the daisies; Vinca minor (hardy
periwinkle) to trail over outside, (c)
Daffodils through center from end to
end; yellow crocuses all around, a little
away from the daffodils; an edging all
around of blue forget-me-nots, (d) the
same combination with yellow tulips in
place of the daffodils; (e) Hydrangeas
and English ivy.

Summer Arrangements

Some time between May 15 and June
15, take the spring plants out of the
boxes and throw them away except
the hydrangeas, which can be set out
in your garden, to grow on for another
year, and the English ivies which may
be saved to use again in the summer
boxes. Next, dig over and pulverize
the soil in the boxes and add to it a
spread of ground bone about l/$" thick,
raking the latter into the soil and let-
ting its stand a day or two. The num-
ber of summer plants from which to
choose is large. For flowering plants
there are geraniums, fuchsias, mar-
guerites (Paris daisies), heliotropes,
lantanas, purple and white ageratums,
French and African marigolds, dwarf
cannas, double and single petunias,
sweet alyssum, lobelias, salvias, ver-
benas, bedding, "tuberous-rooted," and
other flowering begonias, rose bushes,
chiefly the dwarf polyantha (baby ram-
bler) in their several colors, and Her-
mosa.

The available foliage plants are the
many varieties of the Boston (Nephro-
lepis) and Pteris ferns, palms, crotons,
dracaenas, pandanus, coleus, alternan-
theras, asparagus, rubber plants (Ficus
elastica), aspidistra, both lurida and
variegata, golden privet (Ligustnim au-

reum), Aucuba variegata, and Rex be-
gonias.

There are several vines which will
trail over the sides of the boxes and
conceal their boxy effect, a feature
which you should always try to avoid
in all window-ledge gardening. The
best trailers are English and German
ivies, tradescantia in its several colors,
Vinca alba variegata and Vinca minor.
From this array of flowering and foli-
age plants and vines selections can
readily be made.

Different Planting Combinations

Here are some summer combinations
which perhaps you would like to try;

For southern exposure and eastern
aspects, (a) Geraniums through center
from end to. end of box; dwarf blue
lobelia for edging of box, parlor ivy
(Senecia mikanoides) planted a little in
front and opposite the spaces between
the geraniums and trained to hang over
the outer edge of box; tradescantia to
hang over the inner edge of box. (b)
Geraniums and dracaena indivisa plant-
ed alternately through the center of the
box from end to end, dwarf sweet alys-
sum and dwarf blue lobelia planted al-
ternately for an edging around the box,
Black-eyed Susan (Thundergia alata}
planted a little in front of the ge-
raniums and dracaenas and opposite the
spaces between them, and trained to
hang over the outer edge of box; tra-
descantia on the inner edge of box.
(c) Lantanas through the center from
end to end of box; coleus in front of
the lantanas and in the ends of box
a trifle back from the edge; Alyssum
maritimum (the large variety) all along
the outer edge as a trailer; Pteris ferns
all along the inner edge, (d) Polyantha
(baby rambler) roses, red or pink, plant-
ed closely through center from end to
end; an outer edging of alternantheras ;
Vinca alba variegata just in front of the
rose bushes to trail over the outer edge
of the box; Begonia luminosa along
the inner edge, (e) Crotons and Dra-
caena terminalis planted alternately
through center from end to end; an
outer edging of begonia Vernon or
luminosa; Vinca alba variegata to trail
over outer side of box; Pteris ferns
along inner edge. This is a combination
of foliage plants only, (f) Heliotropes
and Paris daisy planted alternately
through center; coleus in ends and front
corners; Tradescantia zebrina or tri-
color along both outer and inner edge.
For northern and western aspects, (a)
Fuchsias through the center from end
to end ; English ivy to trail over the
outer side; Pteris or maiden-hair fern
along the inner edge. In a direct north-
ern aspect no flowering plant is more
satisfactory than the fuchsia, (b) Flow-
ering begonias, (the fibrous-rooted,
half-woody species such as Fuchsioides,
Ingramii, Haageana, Metallica, Duchar-
trei, Margaritae, Coccinea, Pres. Car-
not; English ivy or parlor ivy to trail
over the outer edge; tradescantia along
the inner edge. (c) Rex begonias
through center from end to end; Vinca
alba variegata to trail over outer edge;
Pteris ferns along the inner edge. This
is a combination of foliage plants only.
(d) Tuberous begonias through center,
Vinca minor to trail over outer edge ;
tradescantia for inner edge, foliage
plants only, (e) Ficus elastica through
center from end to end; English ivy to
trail over outer edge, Pteris ferns for
inner edge. This is a combination of
foliage plants only, (f) Nephrolepsis
ferns such as elegantissima, or elegantis-
sima compacta, Scotti, Teddy, Jr., Har-
risii, Victoria, all varieties of the famous
Boston fern (Nephrolepis exaltissima)
and all well known now commercially,
and easy to obtain, through the center
(Continued on page 136)

May, 1922

135

We Offer You Daffodils, of Incomparable Loveliness

Narcissi, or Daffodils, are probably the most popular of Spring-flowering bulbs. They bring Nature's first
lavish display of color, — blooming from early March till May. Ease of culture makes the Daffodil the
flower for every garden. All Daffodils are charming. Those below are representative of all that is best.

To Introduce Our "Cream of Holland" Bulbs To Your Garden

Garden lovers everywhere recognize the quality of our offerings. To en-
courage you to procure a representative grouping for your garden, we have

arranged the following assortment. Send your order to reach us before
June 26th and the bulbs will be delivered you in time for planting this Fall.

SELECTION NO. 1

"De Luxe Set"

Mrs. Chester Jay Hunt — the picture shows

you all hut the red mandn of the cup.

Edrin — A gem for cutting.

Lord Roberts — a big flower, but perfect In

form.

Weardale Perfection— the finest of all pale

hicolors.

Masterpiece — the one all-red cup for our

climate.

Whltewell— a wonderful flower that lasts

!t*tKest of all.

Rosel la— unlike any other in color of petals.

Orangeman— a striking contrast in color of

cup and petals.

so bulb.

(ten of each)

SELECTION NO. 2

"Newer Varieties"

Bullfinch — a dainty flower of attractive

form.

King Alfred— unsurpassed for its glorious

golden yellow.

Epic — our favorite among the true Poeticus

types.

Gloria Mundt — the best orange-colored cup

among the yellow Incoinps.

Lady Audrey -the most permanent of all

white trumpets.

Spring Glory — IJJK. tall, good grower and

floe c( lor.

White Queen — low-growing, but exquisitely

beautiful in small clumps.

Homespun — the sunniest of yellows, and

most perfect in form.

80 bulbs
(ten of each)

SELECTION NO. 3

"Standard Varieties"

Albatross— the largest of the less costly red-
i-d-ed Barni kinds.

Beauty — a gem for the garden or for cutting.
Glory of Lisse — our favorite for growing iii
masses.

Fairy—the best yellow trumpet for perma-
nent planting*.

Madame Plemp— the bicolor companion for
Fairy in permanent plantings.
Artemis— the one yellow and white Incomp.
to be always admired in our gardens.
Lucifer— a telling variety for the orange
cup with white petals.

White Lady— tall, large, perfect in form and
a splendid grower.

$6.75

A view of the gardens at Mayfair.
Visit them in May and enjoy them.

This variety is Mrs. Chester Jay Hunt,
offered in De Luxe Set.

80 bulbs
(ten of each)

WRITE FOR BLUE
BOOK

Complete description of
all these are included in our 1922 Blue
Book, of which a copy will be mailed
to all who send orders for any of the
above collections. If you do not order
from this advertisement and prefer to
make your own selections from our com-
plete list of varieties .send $.25 for the
Blue Book. This amount will be credited
on future orders amounting to $2.50 or
over.

CHESTER JAY HUNT, Inc.,

(&arfott0, Main St., Little Falls, New Jersey

Wren House

Wrens live upon the grass-
hoppers, beetles, caterpillars,
mosquitoes and spiders in your
garden. One pair has been
known to devour six hundred
insects in a day.

Solid oak, cypress shingles,
copper coping, with four com-
partments, 28 inches high.
Price $6.00

Oodson

Bird
Hou

«— ,

Sheltered Feeding Table
The early birds often need a
little help in finding food, be-
cause of the late frosts. These
feeding tables will attract the
early birds, to stay all summer.
Operating automatically like
a •weather vane, a/ways a
shelter against the wind, with
8-ft. pole. Price $7.50.

See what the wren eats! A diet that's
helpful to your garden and to you.

President, American Audubon Association

Purple Martin House
Wonderfully musical and
clear, the martin song is al-
ways a delight. But most ot
all the martin is beloved for
its service of ridding premises
of mosquito colonies.

Cottage style, twenty-eight
compartments. Price $16.00.
Other styles up to $78.00.

Don't have insect pests about your grounds

Why not write to Mr. Dodson ? He will gladly tell you how to
rid your grounds of costly insect pests by attracting the birds. Years of
loving study have perfected Dodson Bird Houses. A regard for little
details, even ventilation, determines whether birds will occupy a house.
And amid the modern devastations of nature, the little birds need homes
made for them. Hang one of these quaint houses from a limb, tack one
to a tree, put one up on a post ! They will attract the birds.

JOSEPH H. DODSON

731 HARRISON AVENUE KANKAKEE, ILLINOIS

Dodson Sparrow Trap is guaranteed to rid your premises of this noisy, quarrelsome pest, $8.00

FREE

You will find much of inter'
est in Mr. Dodson 's fascinating
booklet, " Your Bird Friends
and How to Win Them."
There are many styles of bird
houses. Mr. Dodson wins for
you different birds with each.
A booklet thru which to browse
with pleasure.

136

House &• Garden

11(111111 1 •liiJlllIillllllllll

Repeating

the sensational offer of Wonderful Nc"w Flowers,
in our recent House & Garden advertisement--
(If you haven't sent in your order, better do so
at once) : —

1 Settling's Wonderful New Snap-
• dragon "INDIAN SUMMER." the

greatest achievement in Snapdragons
to date, introducing a new and be-
witching color never before seen in
Snapdragons — a lovely rich velvety
and glossy copper color, indescrib-
ably beautiful ! And as for size.
it is without even a near rival.
Pkt. $1.00, 6 for $5.00.

2 The New Bedding Petunia Violet
• Queen — a deep violet blue, entranc-
ingly beautiful. Pkt. 50c.

3 Queen Anne's Blue Lace Flower of
• rare and delicate charm. Pkt. 50c.

4 The New Dahlia-Zinnia, monstrous
• double flowers with broad, long,
over-lapping petals. Pkt. 50c.

All 4 novelties for $2.00

(or 2, 3, and 4 for $1.00)

Blue Lace Flower

Schling's Perpetual Spinach!

developed exclusively by ourselves, and not obtainable elsewhere. A real
Spinach that you can cut and recut, and it will come and come again — not
a Swiss Chard, but a big-leaved, quick-growing summer and fall Spinach
which takes the place of all other varieties. A 2-ounce package which will
cost you only $1.00, if you remit at once, is enough to supply the table
with this delicious Spinach for a whole summer.

FREE:

with any of above offers, our "Book
for Garden Lovers" (regularly 25c).

26 West 59th St.
New York

TownsencTs Multiplex

The

Greatest
Grass-
Cutter on
Earth

Cuts 109
Acres a
Day

Cuts a
Swath
12 feet,
114 inches
or 86
inches
Wide

Floats over the Uneven Ground
as a Ship Rides the Waves

OXE unit may be climbing a
knoll, another skimming the
level and another paring a hollow.

Not an assembly of tractor and
mowers hut a single, compact ma-
chine like an automobile with 3, 4 or
5 cutting units.

Driven by a 17 H.P. four cylinder,
water-cooled gasolene motor of great
power and quality with Splitdorf
Dixie Aero Magneto, a wonderful
radiator, sliding gear transmission,
two speeds forward and reverse, etc.

Can also be drawn by horse, the
motor being removed, or converted
into a powerful tractor by detaching
the cutting units.

Can back up or turn a complete
circle in double its width. Can stop
in six inches: — it has a powerful
brake — the only one that has. This
is vital.

It has not a single cog wheel in its
cutting units and but few elsewhere
and those few very strong.

The cutting units are controlled
from the driver's seat. Throw them
in gear, throw them out, raise them,
lower them — all with a tiny lever at
your right.

Do we guarantee it? Write your
own.

Send for catalogue illustrating all
types of TOWNSEND MOWERS.

S. P. TOWNSEND & CO.

244 Glenwood Ave., Bloomfield, N. J.

Window Ledge Gardening the Year Around

(Continued from page 134)

from end to end, English ivies trailing
over outer edge. This makes an elegant
combination of green-leaved foliage
plants, (g) Pandanus Veitclui and Pan-
danus utilis set alternately from end to
end of box; Vinca alba variegata to
trail over outer edge and green and
white variegated tradescantia for inner
edge; these are all foliage plants, (h)
Dracaena amabilis and Dracaena mas-
sangeana planted alternately from end
to end of box; Vinca alba variegata to
trail over outer edge ; green and white
variegated tradescantia for inner edge,
(i) Kentia Balmoreana or Phoenix Roe-
belenii palms through center; English
ivy to trail over outer edge; green
leaved tradescantia for inner edge. The
plants suggested for boxes (h) and (i)
are grown for the beauty of their
foliage.

All of the plants mentioned for dif-
ferent seasons and aspects and in com-
binations can readily be purchased from
any large grower of greenhouse plants
or through your iflorist; rare plants
have been excluded.

In mid-autumn the summer plants
should be removed from the boxes, sav-
ing such as can be used in the indoor
window garden or conservatory, and
also the English ivies. Again you should
work over the soil and pulverize and
fertilize it freely with pure ground bone,
allowing it to stand a few days before
setting out the shrubs and vines for
winter. It is better to plant these about
the middle of October, since rather early
planting gives the shrubs and tree roots
time to become established and make
some new growth before extreme cold
weather comes.

Small evergreen trees are excellent for
winter window-ledge boxes. Especially

suitable among them are Retinispora
obtusa and its golden leaved variety
aurea; Retinispora felifera, and its va-
rieties aurea, sulphurea and argentea;
Picea compacta nana; Picea orientalis,
Picea pungens glauca Kosteri; Pinus
mughus; Pinus slrobus; Thuja occiden-
talis, and its dwarf varieties Hoveyi,
Little Gem and Spaethii; Thuja orien-
talis and its variety nana; Tsuga Cana-
densis; Taxus cuspidata; Juniperus Sa-
bina and Virginiana; boxwoods (Buxus
sempervirens. For a vine or trailer,
English ivy trained to grow around the
margins of the box and to hang down
on the outer side.

As a northern exposure is rather
trying to nearly all flowering plants in
window ledge boxes in the spring, so a
strictly southern aspect is equally un-
favorable to the evergreen trees and
vines in winter.

It is far preferable to plant one kind
of evergreen only in a box. In south-
ern and eastern aspects, use the golden
or silver leaved varieties of evergreens,
such as Retinispora felifera aurea (gold-
en-leaved), sulphurea (sulphur-leaved)
and argentea (silver-leaved). In north-
ern and western aspects the green-
leaved and blue-leaved evergreens such
as Pinus Mughus, boxwoods, and Picea
pungens glauca Kosteri (Roster's blue
spruce) are good. There is only one
vine which is satisfactory in winter
window-ledge boxes, and that is the
English ivy. It thrives better in a
northern than in a southern exposure.

All of these evergreen trees and shrubs
and the vines which have been men-
tioned can be purchased directly from
nurserymen who grow ornamental
shrubs and trees, or through a florist.
Only the best should be bought.

Insect Enemies of Ornam ental Trees

(Continued from page 65)

The maple and oak pruner is occa-
sionally injurious to a variety of trees,
producing an unsightly condition in late
summer and early fall due to the nu-
merous, partly severed, cleanly cut,
small twigs hanging here and there.
The injury appears greater than it
really is,, since as a rule comparatively
little damage follows severe pruning.
The borer winters in the severed tips ;
consequently general collecting and
burning of the fallen twigs before warm
weather returns is a most effective con-
trol measure.

The bronze birch borer produces an-
nular ridges in affected wood, destroys
branches or entire tops of trees and
has killed thousands of cut-leaved
birch. Badly infested trees or branches
should be cut and burned by May 1st
in order to destroy the contained in-
sects. Spraying birches and nearby
trees such as elms with poison in early
June may possibly result in killing
many beetles before they can deposit
eggs.

The leaf eating insects include a num-
ber of common species, some very inju-
rious. The leaves of trees function as
assimilating organs and their destruc-
tion means a serious check to growth,
which may be followed by invasion of
borers, insects which produce conditions
favorable to entry by destructive fungi.
Experience with the elm leaf beetle and
the gipsy moth show that defoliations
for three or four years in succession
will practically ruin strong, vigorous
trees and that one stripping is deadly to
evergreens. Elm leaf beetles appear
early in spring and eat irregular, oval
holes in the young leaves, while the
grubs begin feeding on the under sur-
face of the foliage the latter part of
May or early in June. Spraying with
arsenate of lead, 3 Ibs. of powder to

100 gals, of water, when the beetles
commence feeding, or the same treat-
ment at the time the grubs begin ac-
tivities is entirely effective, provided
that in the latter case the poison be
thrown on the under surface of the
foliage. Control of the first brood or-
dinarily means little or no injury from
the second in sections where this latter
develops.

Gaudily colored tussock caterpillars
frequently abound on chestnut, linden,
elm and maple. The females are wing-
less, the insect very local and there-
fore individual trees may be protected
by removing the conspicuous white egg
masses in winter or early spring. Bands
of sticky fly paper or tree tanglefoot on
the trunk will prevent infestation from
nearby trees. Never band with cotton
batting or other materials saturated
with oil, because it penetrates the bark
and frequently kills the trees. This in-
sect is readily controlled by early and
thorough spraying with poison.

Shade trees are also subject to attack
by a number of usually more intermit-
tent pests, such as the forest tent cater-
pillar with its row of silvery white,
somewhat diamond-shaped spots down
the middle of the back and a marked
preference for sugar maple and poplars
in northern New York and for oaks on
Long Island and farther south. It is
sometimes very injurious to apple trees.
The large, spiny, black elm caterpillars
occasionally strip tips of elm branches
and in the Adirondacks may defoliate
extensive areas of poplar. The common
fall webworm with its conspicuous
filmy tents or nests is another general
leaf feeder.

The secret of success in controlling
leaf eating caterpillars lies in detecting
an infestation early and applying poi-
(Continued on page 138)

May, 1922

Wonderful Water-Lilies Soon Become the

Heart of the Garden

While a concrete pool has a permanent value, splendid Lilies can be
ffrown in tubs or barrels. See instructions in mi/ catalogue

A little garden in a big city, or a big garden in a little
city, is not at all difficult for the flower-grower who makes
Water-Lilies the center of the plan. No other plants
require less; no other plants give more in loveliness and
fragrance of bloom.

Every Hour of the Day
And Through the Night

your Lily pool will be different, and far above the ordinary
garden display. There are a score of varieties that reflect
the glories of the mid-day sun — Panama-Pacific, Pennsyl-
vania, Rose Arey, William Falconer, Mrs. C. W. Ward,
Eugenia DeLand, Pulcherrima, and a score or more of
almost equal beauty.

At night you will admire the loveliness of Dentata
magnifica, Frank Trelease, Omarana, and others of the
night-blooming class.

Water-Lilies require practically no care, and are fully
as reasonable in price as plants that are common in all
gardens.

My 1922 catalogue will open a new and charming
garden outlook. It illustrates several varieties in color and
halftone; describes the best Water-Lilies and water plants.
A copy will be sent you on request.

William Tricker — Water-Lily Specialist
662 Forest St., Arlington, New Jersey

' • '

The Most Greenhouse— For the Least Money

TJY the least money, we mean, the least that is con-
sistent with lastingness and the making of a happy
healthy home for your plants.

It's just a clean cut, thoroughly practical green-
house, in which the ornamental touches and extra
refinements, so to speak, have been eliminated.

Still it is decidedly good looking, and will grow
just as many and just as fine quality of flowers, as any
house that costs more.

It is a house we have been building for years. But
the times have made so many folks want to strip
things for the running, as it were, that they quickly
buy this Practical Purpose house, when they would
not buy our regular one with its curved eaves and
other features.

Glad to send you fullest of particulars, or one of
us will come and talk it over with you.

ord,& Bttrnhamjo.

Builders of Greenhouses and Conservatories

IRVINGTON NEW YORK PHILADELPHIA CHICAGO BOSTON CLEVELAND ATLANTA TORONTO

New Yorit 30 E. 42nd St. Land Title Bld». Cent. Bk. Bldg. II Little Bld». 407 Ulmer Bldg. Atlanta Trust Co. Bldo. Harbor Commission Bldg,

EASTERN FACTORY WESTERN FACTORY CANADIAN FACTORY

Irvington, N. Y. Del Plaines, III. St. Catherines, Ont.

138

House & Garden

DON'T abandon your plans for beautifying your
grounds this season. There is still a good
deal of effective planting that you can do even in
May — many varieties of Perennials, for instance,
and Evergreens. One of many happy arrange-
ments is the plan shown in the picture: the ap-
proach to the house bordered by Perennials, with
Evergreens for the foundation planting. The Ever-
greens not only provide a rich setting for the house
but a background which enhances the natural
beauty of the mass of Perennials. The result is a
warm, colorful, fragrant greeting to your guests and
an indelible impression of charm and hospitality.

Moons ' Nurseries

THE WM. H. MOON CO.

MORRISVILLE PENNSYLVANIA

wfiich is ! mile from Trenton. N.J.

Insect Enemies of Ornamental Trees

(Continued from page 136)

son before there has been material
damage. The irregular, oval holes
made by elm leaf beetles, the small
transparent spots in the leaves produced
by their grubs, the irregular gnawed
areas of tussock moth caterpillars, a
marked thinning of the upper foliage
by forest tent caterpillars, green maple
worms and gipsy moth caterpillars are
early signs of injury, which should be
interpreted by tree lovers as a call for
thorough and prompt spraying with
poison.

Shade trees suffer from inconspicuous
scale insects, all too frequently over-
looked in examinations to determine the
cause of obscure troubles. The oyster
shell scale frequently kills ash and pop-
lar and sometimes the smaller branches
of elm. The cottony maple scale
thrives upon soft maple, occasionally
festooning the under side of the smaller
branches with its conspicuous cottony
matter. The false maple scale pro-
duces in midsummer unsightly cottony
masses on leaves of hard maple and
chalk-like aggregations of cocoons upon
the bark of the trunk and larger
branches. The sucking scale insects
make heavy levies upon the vital sap of
the tree.

The oyster shell scale is easily con-
trolled by thorough and early spring
spraying with a standard miscible oil,

1 to 16. Similar treatment is frequently
advisable for cottony scale on soft
maple. Oils should not be applied to
sugar maples and in some instances at
least, even somewhat unsightly infesta-
tions by the false maple scale may not
result in serious damage.

Plant lice or aphids are sometimes
exceedingly abundant. The Norway
maple is very subject to infestation and
occasionally elms and other maples are
rather seriously affected. One plant
louse produces the familiar cone gall on
spruce, though the very inconspicuous
spruce bud scale, which resembles buds
so closely that it is usually overlooked,
may be even more injurious than the
gall aphid. Generally speaking, thor-
ough applications of tobacco soap prep-
arations such as Black Leaf 40 used at
the rate of f4 of a pt. to 100 gals, of
water to which are added 6 to 8 Ibs.
of any cheap soap will check ordinary
aphid work. The earlier the spraying,
the more adequate the protection.
Spray for spruce gall aphid with a
standard miscible oil, 1 to 20, making
the application in April. It is possible
that this treatment is of considerable
value in checking the spruce bud scale,
though spraying with a tobacco soap
preparation about mid-July will de-
stroy many of the crawling young of
the latter.

Hollow Tile As a Building Safeguard

(Continued from page SO)

"Like a Gentle Shower"

The DOUBLE ROTARY
SPRINKLER, constructed on a
new and improved principle of
efficiency, has won the approval of
particular home owners and land-
scape architects in all parts of the
country. It sprinkles more lawn
surface — better, is self-operating and
built to serve many seasons.

THE DOUBLE ROTARY
SPRINKLER

even, natural wa
shower". Cover
a radius of IS to 80 feet, accord-
ing to water pressure. All parts
are made of best materials and are

interchangeable.
Price $12.50 prepaid anywhere East
of the Rockies. Order from this
advertisement or write for fur-
ther description and information.

The
Double
Rotary
Sprinkler

THE DOUBLE ROTARY
SPRINKLER CO.

1229 Coca Cola Bldg. Kansas City, Mo.

1. They have ample strength to carry
ten times the load ever required.

2. The confined air within the walls
affords insulation against heat, cold
and dampness.

3. They are fireproof and permanent.

4. The large size units insure economy
of both labor and mortar.

The owner has a choice of two types
of construction: one with tile walls and
the usual frame interior, or fireproof
construction with tile walls, combina-
tion tile floors and tile partitions.

There are two standard shapes of
tile : end construction with units
8"xl2"xl2" laid in the wall with cells
running vertical, and side construction
with units 8"x5"xl2" laid in the wall
with cells running horizontal. There
are also a number of patented shapes
made in different parts of the country
for which special claims are urged. The
construction of a hollow tile home is
comparatively simple and progress rapid,
owing to the large units.

With the building laid out and ex-
cavation completed, a poured concrete
footing not less than 8" thick and 18"
wide should be built under all outer
walls and wherever partition walls in
the basement occur, with ample con-
crete footings for all piers. The tile
construction can then be started.

For the ordinary two story residence,
a 12" tile wall should be used from the
footing to the first floor joist, and an
8" wall for the first and second stories.
In some cities however, the building
codes still require 12" masonry walls for
the first story.

Any mason can handle tile construc-
tion satisfactorily, as it only requires
a wall to be carried up plumb and the
courses properly bonded.

Probably 80% of the residences con-
structed of hollow tile are plastered di-

rectly to the tile. This is satisfactory,
provided precaution is taken to close off
the exposed ends of the tile beneath and
above window and door openings, and
at the top of the wall, so that the air
is confined in the wall.

A cement mortar should be used,
composed by measure of one part Port-
land cement to not more than three
parts clean sharp sand to which may be
added hydrated liTne not exceeding 15"^
by volume of the cement.

Under present day prices a hollow tile
home with stucco finish should not ex-
ceed by more than 5% the cost of i
well built frame. A brick veneer will
add another S^'r. That this price is
ample and in many instances excessive
is evidenced by a letter just received
from a firm of Mississippi architects:

"We have just completed plans for a
large one-story residence to be faced
with rough-texture brick, backed up
with tile. It might interest you to know
that the cost will probably not ex-
ceed by more than 2% the estimates on
frame construction with cypress weath-
er-boarding."

In using hollow tile tlie home owner
has four choices of finish:

1. Stucco in its various forms, for
whicli hollow tile makes the best pos-
sible base.

2. Exposed tile with a finish similar to
a face brick. The common size is 5"
high by 12" long.

3. Face brick veneer over a hollow tile
wall.

4. A veneer of limestone backed up
by a hollow tile wall.

Where stucco is used, the design for
a home should permit a generous over-
hang of eaves and cornices. Provision
should also be made for a brick course
at the grade or a poured concrete grade
course for protection of the stucco.

Aouse^Garden

THERE is a secret some'
thing about certain
homes which gives them
"an atmosphere."

It consists in little de-
tails of excellence, in a
nice attention to the
things which are felt,
rather than handled or
seen.

Such homes are warmed,
not heated. Warmed, in
most instances, by the
products of this Com'
pany, whose boilers and
radiators are a part of
so many distinguished
buildings throughout
the world.

If you are planning to

build or remodel, send

for our finely illustrated

boo\ about the Ideal

Type A Heat Machine.

Mail your request to

either address below.

AMERICAN

RADIATOR

COMPANY

IDEAL Boilers and AMERICAN
Radiators for every heating need

104 West 42nd Street

NEW YORK
Di-pt. 23

816 So. Michigan Ave.
CHICAGO

From a painting by,

EDW. A. WILSON;

Jun e , 1922

Residence — Rev. E. O. Tree, Freeport, L. I., N. Y.
Bishopric used on all exteriors or interiors

Before
You Build

Make sure that the
material that goes into
your house will give
you the greatest pos-
sible return in com-
fort and satisfaction.

Res. — W. H. Brooks, Sect'y. Standard Fuel & Ma-
terial Co., Birmingham, Ala. Archt. — Harry B.
Wheelock — Birmingham, Ala. Bishopric used on ail
exteriors or interiors

BISHOPRIC STUCCO

OVER

BISHOPRIC BASE

Residence — 1839 Farrington Rd., E. Cleveland, O.

Owners, Arc'ts and Bldrs. — The Joseph Larong Co.

Bishopric used on all exteriors or interiors

Provides a unit wall
For all Time and Clime

Bishopric Stucco
Home Means

(a) Least Cost for Labor.

(b) Least Cost for Material.
(e) Speed of Construction.

(d) Strength, Stability, En-

durance.

(e) Living comfort. Winter

and Summer.

(f) Lowest Maintenance Cost.

Residence — S. H. Morgan, Detroit, Mich. Architect

— Wm. C. Palmer. Contractor — R. M. Rutherford.

Bishopric used on all exteriors or interiors

We have prepared "Bishopric For All Time and Clime," an interesting booklet for
you, illustrated with photographs of beautiful houses built with Bishopric stucco,
plaster and sheathing units. Write for it.

Sold by Dealers Everywhere

The Bishopric Manufacturing Co.

597 Este Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio.

New York City Office : 2848 Grand Central Terminal. Factories : Cincinnati, O., Ottawa, Canada

House & Garden

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The Right of Way to Tire Leadership

A year or so ago, the American public placed
the leadership of the tire business in the hands
of the men who make U. S. Royal Cords

E first Royal Cord Tires were
made and sold in 1916.

No cut-and-dried story
could possibly account for
their position of command
today — earned in a short six years.

It mostly comes down to the car-owner
as an out and out human being. Forget
him as a mere tire customer and consider
him as a personality. With an inborn
instinct for quality. With a pride in
demonstrating his quality beliefs.

How many tire manufacturers, would
you say, have even guessed that American
car-owners were shifting so fast to better
tires?

* * *

Certainly U. S. Royal Cords have
proven this fundamental thing —

For every low-grade tire made there is
arising some motorist with a fine, human
indifference for it.

He and his kind have become out and
out loyalists of Royal Cord Tires — as
representing the highest expression of
their demands.

Multiply this man by a million or more.
Then sit down and weigh his tremen-
dous deciding influence.
# * #

Today,for the production of U.S.
Tires, there is erected and oper-
ating the largest group of tire
factories in the world.

The men who make Royal
Cords are quality 'workers and
quality merchandisers.

Their spirit of leadership
is the spirit of constancy
— faithfulness — a
simple, understand-
able policy.

U.S. Royal Cords
have come to be
the measure of
value of all
automobile

United States

Rubber Company

j
i

i
i

The makers of United States Tires urge upon
everybody — manufacturer and dealer alike —
a new kind of competition.

Let us compete for more and more
public confidence.

Let us compete for higher and
higher quality.

Let us compete for still more
dependable public service.

United States Tires
are Good Tires

1922
U.S. Tire Co.

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June , 1922

BIG-SIX

In the BlG-SlX you find the charm of perfect line
and innate good taste. In its hidden goodness a
sturdy power and riding ease that satisfy every
demand of motor car performance.

It is built with an underlying strength that will
endure for years and years of rugged use.

Traditions of seventy years of manufacturing good-
ness explain why Studebaker is the world's largest
builder of six-cylinder cars.

7-passenger; 126-inch wheelbase; 60-H. P. de-
tachable-head motor; intermediate transmission.

Big-Six Touring Car, seven-passenger $1785

Big-Six Coupe, four-passenger 2500

Big-Six Sedan, seven-passenger 2700

/ o. 6. factory

THE STUDEBAKER CORPORATION OF AMERICA

Detroit, Mich. SOUTH BEND, IND. Walkerville, Ont.

World's Largest Builder of
Six-Cylinder Cars

House & Garden

Time to Re-tire?

(Buy Fisk i

There's Extra Value in Fisk Tires

r I^HE only time a lower price is
A a real inducement to a wise
buyer is when compari-
son proves the price to
give a greater purchas-
ing power to his dollar
— when he can buy

;» x 3',4— Fisk Premier Tread

S10.85

30 X 3>i— Non-Skid Fabric . .

14.85

30 x 3'A— Extra-Ply Red-Top

17.85

30 x 3H —Six-Ply Non-Skid Clinch!

d 17.85

30 x 3H— Six-Ply Non-Skid Cord S

Itr

Side .

19.85

31 x 4 — Six-Ply Non-Skid Cord

27.00

32x4 — Non-Skid Cord . . .

30.50

32 x4M— Non-Skid Cord . . .

39.00

34x4).i — Non-Skid Cord . . .

41.00

35 x 5 — Non-Skid Cord . . .

51.50

more for less. Because Fisk Cord
Tires show contrasting values in
size, strength, resiliency
and appearance when
compared with any
other tires, the price is
interesting.

There's a Fisk Tire of extra value in every size for car, truck or speed wagon

June, 1922

NEW ENGLAND COLONIAL STYLE
Illustrating the symmetry and stateliness of New
England town houses of the period when Colonial
architecture was at its height. This is another of
the 17 architectural styles illustrated and dis-
cussed in "Good Houses," a book for home-
builders interested in good design, efficient plan-
ning and thorough construction. "Good Houses ' '
interprets those architectural styles which are
the foundation of American building traditions,
and which are adaptable to wood construction
today. Send for your copy today.

Illustrating Good and Bad
Bearing Post Footings

IF bearing posts under the girders in the base-
ment of a house settle unduly the effect is
apparent throughout the house. Cracks appear
on plastered walls; doors become troublesome;
floors become uneven. The bearing posts support
a considerable amount of the weight of the house.
Obviously they must be well supported or
"rooted."

The footing shown on the right is too small in
all its dimensions and is limited in its bearing
power by its shape as well. Note how the post is
set down into the concrete, a material which is
always somewhat damp, thus needlessly subject-
ing the post to decay.

The greater sustaining power of the footing on
the left is evident at a glance. Note its generous
dimensions, its flat bearing surface, and note, too,
how it extends above the cellar floor line, thus
keeping the bearing post off the damp floor.

The success of concrete footings is dependent,
too, upon the use of good materials in the right
proportions, properly mixed.

Bearing post footings are just one of the many
vital points in successful house building discussed
in the booklet— "The High Cost of Cheap Con-
struction," sent free on request to prospective
home- builders.

What Will You Say
About Your New Home
Three Years From Now?

ASK any one of the better class
J-\^ of building contractors why
so many people are dissatisfied
with their houses a few years
after they are built. He will tell
you poor construction.

Constant repair bills, exces-
sive heating costs and the endless
annoyances that so often rob
home-owners of the satisfaction
they are entitled to, are the re-
sults of construction short cuts
— mistaken for economy — be-
hind plastered walls, beneath the
floors and even under the very
foundations of many houses
that are being built today of all
materials.

Yet at no greater cost than the
prices that are being paid for
compromise houses, the appli-
cation of the right principles of
building construction can make
your house a substantial, eco-
nomical, satisfactory home.

THE key to successful house
building lies in right mate-
rials properly applied.

Lumber for house building is
of the same good quality as ever.
Developments in manufacture
are constantly improving it.

Good workmen and the bet-
ter class of contractors still want
to do an honest job; in fact they
have been preaching the value
of right construction in house
building for years.

But conditions, largely be-
yond their control, today are
forcing legitimate contractors —

the men who know good mate-
rials and how to use them, who
understand fire-stopping and
other modern construction prac-
tices, and who see house con-
struction in terms of durability
and efficiency— to bid against
construction practices that every
honest craftsman condemns.

That is why we say, go to a legiti-
mate contractor— one who takes
pride in his craft and would rather
deliver a good job at a fair profit than
a poor job at an unfair profit.

You will find these men more and
more using lumber of the Weyer-
haeuser standard of quality — trade-
marked with the manufacturer's
pledge of personal responsibility.

IN "The High Cost of Cheap Con-
struction," a book which will be
mailed you on request, you will find
the essentials of good construction
necessary to successful house build-
ing; the basis for judging the manner
in which your house is built; and the
means of making the lumber you use
in the construction of your house of
even greater service. Ask also for
"Good Houses."

Weyerhaeuser Forest Products
are distributed through the estab-
lished trade channels (to contractors
and home builders through the retail
lumber yards)by the Weyerhaeuser
Sales Company, Spokane, Washing-
ton, with branch offices and repre-
sentatives throughout the country.

T? ACH year you will find an increas-
•Lrf ing number of retail lumber dealers
recommending Weyerhaeuser lumber for
bouse building — men -who know the re-
lation to correct building practice of prop-
erly dried lumber, of uniform grades and
of the kinds best suited to your needs.

WEYERHAEUSER FOREST PRODUCTS

SAINT PAUL' MINNESOTA

Producers of Douglas Fir, Pacific Coast Hemlock, Washington Red Cedar and Cedar Shingles on the Pacific
Coast; Idaho White Pine, Western Soft Pine, Red Fir and Larch in the Inland Empire; Northern White Pine

and Norway Pine in the Late States

House & Garden

The Hiawatha.

ours

ikis beautiful home

YOU can now secure complete plans
and specifications for this remarkable
Brick home — declared by experts to
be the finest of its class in America.

This home will appeal to all because it
is not only unusually artistic, but also thor-
oughly practical and most economical —
as discussed in the adjacent column.

Send for free circular No. 705 showing-
alternate floor plans and giving complete
details.

THE COMMON BRICK INDUSTRY OF AMERICA

1303 SCHOFIELD BUILDING, CLEVELAND, OHIO

The Ideal Brick Holloiu Urall is made of standard brick obtainable everywhere

Ideal Brick Hollow Wall

"Urick Homes at the Cost of Frame"

Beautiful Home

Available to You

This home was designed for a private own-
er by one of the best residence architects in
America.

, Sometime ago we published a view of it
in one of our books and it attracted so much
favorable attention that we had hundreds of
requests from all over the country for details
and plans.

At last we have prevailed upon the archi-
tect to grant us the right of supplying com-
plete working drawings and specifications.
These working drawings are unusually com-
plete and contain many full size details which
make them exceptionally valuable and differ-
ent from the ordinary.

You will find in our free circular No. 705
an interesting description of this beautiful
home, as well as much vital information
about costs and construction. The circular
shows front and rear views, as well as two
interior views completely furnished. It also
gives alternate floor plans from which you
can choose.

Hiawatha's Cost

Within Your Reach

This home can be built of Brick (solid
masonry) for as low as from $9,000 to
$13,000, depending upon location and the
character of equipment and finish.

Any good contractor after seeing the plans
in circular No. 705 should be able to give
you an estimate of its cost in your communi-
ty. With the complete plans — working
drawings — and specifications which are yours
at nominal cost, he can tell you exactly what
he will charge to build this home for you.

Costs Even Less

With Ideal Wall

When this home was first built, the Ideal
Brick Hollow Wall was unknown. Its recent
development makes possible the building of
this Brick home for even less than the above
figures. With the Ideal Wall you obtain all
the advantages of solid masonry construction
at a saving of % in cost.

The Ideal Wall is thoroughly described
in "Brick, How to Build and Estimate" —
a 72-page manual of vital information for
those planning to build and for contractors.
Only 25 cents postpaid.

The Hiawatha is one of a wide variety
of Brick house designs shown in that fascina-
ting volume, ' 'Brick for the Average Man 's
Home". Every one of these designs is by a
competent architect. Here you will find all
kinds of homes illustrated and described,
together with much helpful information.
The nominal price of $1.00 is to cover
printing and distribution costs only.

$1.25 brings both books. Address The
Common Brick Industry of America, 1303
Schofield Building, Cleveland, Ohio.

June, 1922

Deserve Good

The Corbin Unit Lock

WITH the Corbin Unit Lock on your
front door, there is no more groping in
the dark — no more guessing at the probable
distance of the keyhole from the knob. As
you grasp the knob the keyhole comes to
meet you. It is where it should be — in the
exact centre of the knob.

There is no better lock for an outside door
of a residence than the Corbin Unit Lock.
It is Good Hardware. The first ones made
have been in service for more than twenty
years and show no signs of wearing out.

The Corbin Unit Lock is, as the name im-

te K±le is Good Hardware

plies, a complete unit. Lock, screwless knobs
and escutcheons leave the factory in one
assembly, a single unit, ready to be applied
to the door. It can be master-keyed.

When you build, don't overlook the security,
the simplicity, the strength, the beauty, the
smooth, dependable action and unequaled
convenience of the Corbin Unit Lock. The
host of friends this lock has won is evidence
of a growing appreciation of the idea that
good buildings deserve good hardware.

Write for literature describing the Corbin Unit Lock "with
the keyhole in the knob". Your architect and local Corbin
dealer will help you select appropriate designs.

1 .

T7 f~^r\D HTXT SINCE NEW BRITAIN

T. LXJKDirSI 1849 CONNECTICUT
The American Hardware Corporation, Successor

W NEW YORK

CHICAGO

PHILADELPHIA

House &• Garden

ACUUM CUP

CORD TIRES

NO\Vcost no more
than ORDINARYmakes,
though they give the
utmost in mileage
and safety. Get the
latest price schedule
from your dealer —
you will be agree '
ably surprised.

PENNSYLVANIA RUBBER CO.
of AMERICA, Inc

JEANNETTE.PA.

Direct Factory Branches and Service Agencies
Throughout the World

f\ ^ / -j

June, 1922

Don't Buy a Pig in a Poke

Good Furniture
Standards

IN the following standards for
good furniture, the word
MAHOGANY has been used
throughout, but it must be un-
derstood, the terms apply with
equal emphasis to any other
cabinet wood.

Solid Mahogany

Furniture designated as Solid Ma-
hogany shall have all exposed surfaces
of Solid Mahogany.

Mahogany

Furniture designated as Mahogany
shall have all exposed surfaces (both
solid parts and plywood) of Mahogany.

Combination Mahogany

Furniture designated as Combina-
tion Mahogany shall have all exposed
surfaces of Mahogany (solid or ply-
wood) in combination with Gum,
Birch or other suitable wood.

The kind of wood used in combin-
ation with Mahogany shall be named.
For example: "Combination Mahog-
any and Birch" or "Combination
Mahogany and Gum."

Imitation Mahogany

Furniture designated as Imitation
Mahogany shall be that with exposed
surfaces of other woods colored to im-
itate Mahogany.

The term "exposed surfaces" shall mean
those parts of a piece of furniture exposed to
view when the piece is placed in the general
accepted position for use in the home.

— and don't buy furniture from
your dealer without a guaran*
tee, covering the kind of wood
of which it is built.

Then you will be sure to get
what you pay for.

PHE buying public now has simple standards to guide
-*- it in its furniture purchases, for the Associated
Advertising Clubs of the World, after numerous confer-
ences with Furniture Retailers and Manufacturers, has
finally set up standards by which Furniture Retailers
should advertise and sell furniture to the public.

If you want GENUINE MAHOGANY furniture-
cither solid Mahogany or well built Mahogany plywood
— demand of the store selling you, a guarantee that it
conforms to the MAHOGANY or SOLID MAHOGANY
classification of the Associated Advertising Clubs.

Don't overlook that only under these two classifications must
all of the exposed parts of a piece of furniture be Mahogany.

Do not be misled by the use of the -word " finish," in
any of its moods or tenses. It was not incorporated in
these standards because it did not tell the truth.

The use in furniture advertising and selling, of the
terms "Mahogany Finish", "Finished in Mahogany", or
any other use of the word "finish", will be a warning to
you that the piece is not made of Mahogany.

THE MAHOGANY ASSOCIATION, Inc.

New York City

After all — there's nothing like

MAHOGANY

House & Garden

Ancient Ei/yftian relics
made of unalloyed copper

JERSEY

@©(°>(°>g(^

Screen Cloth

JERSEY

The Durability of

Unalloyed Copper

Ornaments and adornments made of pure copper by the
Egyptians of pre-historic times have come down to us
through thousands of years in perfect condition. Of all the
metals commonly used by man, pure copper is the most
enduring.

It is for this reason that The New Jersey Wire Cloth Com-
pany uses copper 99.8% pure — not copper alloys such as
bronze or brass — in its best grade of insect screen cloth. This
copper is produced by the Roebling process which makes it
unusually stiff and strong. It is the ideal metal for door and
window screens.

You can obtain a length of service from your screens hereto-
fore undreamed of by using Jersey Copper Screen Cloth in-
stead of galvanized iron, steel, bronze, or brass. There will
be only a slight difference in original cost and an enormous
saving in cost of upkeep. Jersey Copper Screen Cloth can-
not rust, is of uniform quality throughout, and will give years
of satisfactory service.

You can obtain Jersey Copper Screen Cloth, 16 mesh
(coarser should never be used) in most of the better grades
of custom-made screens, and from hardware and building-
supply dealers throughout the country.

On request we will gladly send you a booklet entitled "A
Matter of Health and Comfort." If you are a home owner
you should read it.

THE NEW JERSEY WIRE CLOTH COMPANY

624 South Broad Street
Trenton New Jersey

June, 1922

ORIGINAL

SIPHON

REFRIGERATOR

STANDARD

of the

AMERICAN
HOME

The Seeger One-Piece
Porcelain Interi,

The function of a refrigerator is to conserve food — as
economically, as hygienically and for as long a time as
possible.

Seeger Original Siphon Refrigerators have for many years and in various capaci-
ties always filled these requirements to the utmost degree. Each successive year
has witnessed added improvements, until today the Seeger stands for the ultimate
in refrigeration value and efficiency.

The design shown above is one of our 1922 models, embodying our new One-
Piece Porcelain Interior and the White Oak Flush (no panel) Exterior.

Its dignity of finish and its positive hygienic qualities recommend it everywhere.

Upon written request, we will gladly furnish a list of Railways, Hospitals, Hotels, Apartments
and U. S. Government Institutions — including the Army, Navy, Aviation, Public Health and
Shipping Boards — equipped with Seeger Refrigeration.

SEEGER REFRIGERATOR CO.

ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA

Representatives in all Principal Cities.

NEW YORK CITY, 399 Madison Avc.

LOS ANGELES, CAL., 311 Terminal Sales Bldg.

BOSTON, MASS., 82 Washington St.
SAN FRANCISCO. 715 Indiana St.

House & Garden

CRANE

Service

Ifou will not need

one of these Valves in
your contemplated
home,hotel or apart-
ment, but

You will need

many Valves and Fittings
from the line of 20,000 articles
which we make or distribute
through the heating and plumbing
trade

We are manufacturers of about 20,000 articles, includ-
ing Valves, Pipe-Fittings and Steam Specialties made of
brass, iron, ferrosteel, cast steel and forged steel, in all sizes,
for all pressures, and all purposes; Sanitary Equipment
for buildings of all kinds and sizes; and are distributors
throughthetrade,ofptpe,heatingandplumbingmaterials.

THERE IS A NEARBY CRANE BRANCH OR
OFFICE* TO GIVE YOU CRANE SERVICE

ALBANY. N. Y.
ATLANTA. GA.

'DENVER, COLO.

KNOXVILLE. TENN.

'AURORA. ILL.

BILLINGS. MONT.

DETROIT. MICH.
DULUTH. MINN.
ERIE. PA.

LITTLE ROCK. ARK.
LIMA. OHIO
*LINCOLN. NEB.

BOSTON. MASS.

FARGO. N. D. *LOWELL. MASS.

"FRESNO. CAL. *MADISON. WIS.

BRIDGEPORT, CONN. *FT. WAYNE. IND. MANKATO. MINN

BROOKLYN. N. Y. *GALESBURG. ILL. MEMPHIS. TENN.

BUFFALO. N. Y. GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. MINNEAPOLIS, M

CAMDEN, N. J. GREAT FALLS, MONT. *MOBILE. ALA.

*CHARLESTON. W. VA HARTFORD. CONN.

CHICAGO. ILL. INDIANAPOLIS. IND.

CRANE EXPORT CORPORATION

3O1 BRANNAN ST.. SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.

CRANE CO.

836 S. MICHIGAN AVE., CHICAGO

VALVES - PIPE FITTINGS
SANITARY FIXTURES

CRANE EXHIBIT ROOMS

23 W.44TH ST. AND 22 W.45TH ST., NEW YORK
11O5-1107 BOARDWALK, ATLANTIC CITY

To which the public is cordially invited

NEWARK. N
NEW YORK.

ROCHESTER. N. Y. ST. LOUIS. MO.
Y. ROCKFORD. ILL. ST. PAUL. MINN.

OAKLAND.

OGDEN, UT

*SAGINAW. MICH. TACOMA. WASH.

OMAHA. NE

PHOENIX. A

SEATTLE. WASH. *WATERBURY. CONN

'NASHVILLE. TENN.

'SOUTH BEND. IND.

*WILKES-BARRE. PA.

CRANE, LIMITED

MONTREAL (HEAD OFFICE AND WORKS). CALGARY, HALIFAX. HAMILTON.

LONDON. OTTAWA. REGINA. TORONTO, VANCOUVER. WINNIPEG
EDMONTON. *QUEBEC, *SHERBROOKE. *ST.JOHN. ^VICTORIA, *SYDNEY. N. S. W.

CRANE-BENNETT, LTD.

45-51 LEMAN ST. . LON DON . E. I . . KNC.
*BIRMINGHAM *MANCHESTER

June, 1922

ome

Asenath Leavitt
-Editor

TTTMF 1Q99 Chester Lewis

J U J.M r, LV2Z Associate JZdttor-

Published Monthly by NORTH M/ESTERN EXPANDED METAL CO. 1237 O1CHCICAG

An ''Armour-Plated" Home

NOTHING can ever quite
take the place of wood in
residence construction, for
no other material so happily com-
bines so many of the major quali-
ties of flexibility and comfort with
that great requisite — moderate
cost.

"But," someone queries, "how
about the fire hazard?" A timely
question, indeed, in view of the
yearly increasing fire loss. For-
tunately, however, for the home
builder of moderate means, archi-
tectural science has devised an
economical way to "fireproof" a
frame house.

A Chicago architect who used
this type of construction for his
own residence refers to it as his
"armour-plated home" — surely a
strong endorsement for its fire
safety.

Simple Safe Construction

The method of construction ducrinfi'ia'in
is so simple that any prospec-
tive builder can easily follow it. The house
is stucco finished but "stucco with a differ-
ence," inasmuch as the stucco is applied over
a steel mesh — Metal Lath. The web of steel
covered with incombustible plaster virtually
forms a reinforced concrete slab — a fire-resist-
ing covering or protection for the main struc-
tural timbers.

Metal Lath is also used as a base or support
for the interior plastering, thus the wood studs
are "armoured" on both sides by the steel and
cement covering — ample protection from any
average fire that might start either inside or out.

SLCOflb ILCEB_

of this "armour-plated" stucco home appeals to the most

The other dangerous parts of the house where
fire is most likely to occur — stairs, chimney
breasts, ceilings over heating plants, etc., are
similarly protected.

An additional precaution is taken; namely,
the installing of "baskets" of Metal Lath filled
with incombustible material — waste mortar,
brick, etc., these being technically known as
"fire stops." These fire stops are placed in
continuous passages under floors and behind
the walls which would otherwise serve as flues
through which flames and hot gas could rapidly
spread.

Fire Stops Mean Safety

Says Architect Vandervoort Walsh, Instruc-
tor of Architecture at Columbia University,
''This business of setting up fire stops when
the house is being constructed should be known
to every architect. They can be provided for
in the plans and specifications without adding
much to the expense and adding very greatly to
the safety of the house."

Safety Combines with Beauty

In addition to providing safety, there is
another decided advantage in using Kno-Burn
Metal Lath in home building — Kno-Burn in-
sures the success of stucco and interior plaster
by supplying the reinforcement needed to pre-
vent cracks.

The use of Kno-Burn Metal Lath as a
plastering base is indeed almost a necessity
when the walls or ceilings are to be finely
decorated. The metal web or "Steel Heart of
Plaster" so thoroughly reinforces in every
direction as to insure a permanently smooth,
firm surface, unmarred by streaks or cracks.

Free Information

for Home Builders

"Home Building" is a book full of sugges-
tions how to get the utmost in appearance, con-
venience and durability out of your investment.
It is free to prospective home builders. Write
for your copy today.

North Western Expanded Metal Company:

Please send me your home-building booklet No. 1237.

Xame .

Street

City and State.
Remarks

House & Garden

The tub illustrated above is the famous
Kohler Viceroy built-in bath with shower

THE INDEX TO YOUR STANDARDS OF LIVING

Every piece of Kohler Plumbing
Ware is exclusively distinguished
for ( 1 ) the snowy whiteness of its
durable enamel (2) the uniform-
ity of this whiteness in every
fixture (3) the name"Kohler" in
dainty blue letters inconspicu-
ously but permanently fused into
the enamel for your protection

THERE is one room in every
home which is the key to the
real standards of living of that
household.

The furnishings in the rest of
your home reflect, from necessity,
the limitations of your income.

But whether this one room in
question reflects your sense of re-
finement, your ideals of hygiene
and sanitation, is a matter, not of
money, but of pride.

For you can have a bathroom as
finely equipped as those you have
admired in hotels of the first class
or in attractive homes, at a cost
within the reach of a modest purse.

Most people have a mistaken idea
of what a fine bathroom costs. An
attractive, modern Kohler bath-
room such as that pictured above
costs a surprisingly low sum.

There is a Kohler plumber near
you who will be glad to give you an
estimate of the cost of replacing
your old plumbing fixtures with
glistening, snow-white Kohler En-
ameled Plumbing Ware. Call on
him now! He can give you much
useful information.

You have alwaysknown of Kohler
Ware— bath tubs, lavatories, kitchen
sinks— as beautiful and durable.
You know Kohler Ware is used in
the world's finest hotels and in
countless thousands of homes and
apartments. You, too, can enjoy
their beauty.

Send for interesting, free book-
let illustrating modern bathroom,
kitchen and laundry fixtures. It
will give you many valuable ideas.
Write today.

KOHLER OF KOHLER

Kohler Co., Founded 1873, Kohler, Wisconsin • Shipping Point., Sheboygan, Wisconsin
BRANCHES IN PRINCIPAL CITIES

MANUFACTURERS OF ENAMELED PLUMBING WARE AND KOHLER AUTOMATIC POWER AND LIGHT 110 VOLT D. C.

June , 1922

To Home Builders

AQuidingHand
And a money saver

Even in the most proficient
hands no man's home will ever
quite measure up to his ideals.

It is so easy for the long pictured
entrance or living room — the interior
finish or lighting to fall short. Some
little error in judgment and a cher-
ished effect becomes a disappoint-
ment.

Knowing how and why safeguards
your money and your happiness.

Morgan, in "Building With Assur-
ance," gives you the help and guid-
ance you need. In this great book
the well-known authorities on the
most important phases of building
give you their advice.

For example, you find —

many wonderful pictures — in colors
— of charming bungalows, cottages
and dwellings — with appropriate
floor plans. Then page after page of
Interiors, Stairways, Cabinets, Buf-
fets, Porches, Pergolas, Arbors, etc.
In addition there is priceless infor-
mation, secured from the best au-
thorities in America, on practically
every phase of building, such as
Home Heating, Modern Plumbing,
Interior Decorations, Floor Cover-
ings, Hardware, Paints and Finishes,
Landscape Gardening, etc. Over 2
years and $150,000 were required to
gather this material. Never before
has such valuable advice been gath-
ered in book form. It may save you
hundreds of dollars and much dis-
appointment.

Prospectus
Sent Free

"Building With Assurance" is far too ex-
pensive for general distribution. It is for
earnest home lovers. Our beautiful prospectus
tells all about it — reproduces actual pages,
etc. It also explains how you may secure a
copy of the Master Book. This prospectus we
will gladly send to those who mail the coupon.

MORGAN WOODWORK ORGANIZATION

-
,

'QUALITY

STANDARDIZED WOODWORK

t Address Nearest Office, Dept. A

' Morgan Sash & Door Co.
Chicago, III.

Morgan Millwork Co. Morgan Co.
t Baltimore, Md. Oshkosh.Wis.

f* Gentlemen: Please send me at once copy
' of your beautiful Free Prospectus, which
describes "Building With Assurance."

' Name
/

/ Address. .
Town . .

State.

(91)

House & Garden

How the Simmons Label

A Service due
the American Public

Today Simmons can give the
public a complete sleeping unit.
Beds, Springs and Mattresses,
each built to fit the other — all
built for sleep. In this way, you
secure a real guarantee of sleep
satisfaction.

benefits Yourself and your Dealer

IS there a careful housewife anywhere who
has not felt that selecting a mattress is a
good bit like buying a pig in a poke?

She buys on faith. Faith in her dealer. Faith
in the manufacturer. Faith that the mattress
materials are new and clean and sanitary.

Many times she gets what she pays for.
Often she does not. Some States have pure-
bedding laws.

But Simmons maintains nation-wide Pure
Bedding Laws. And they insure the use of clean,
new kapok or cotton only.
No "renovated" mate-
rials. No scraps. No
sweat shop labor.

So the Simmons Label al-

can put faith in. Built for Sleep. Delivered to you sealed in
a carton roll to insure utter cleanliness. Your dealer will
tell you that the Simmons Label is his greatest help in as-
suring his customers of sweet, clean, sanitary mattresses.

Your choice of five styles — distinguished by Labels
of different color — at a popular range of prices.

Blue Label Purple Label Green Label
Red Label White Label

Simmons Purple Label Mattress at $60 is the ulti-
mate in sleeping comfort. Other Simmons Mattresses
at prices ranging down to $10.

Simmons Company makes this unqualified statement to
the merchant —

"Cut open any Simmons
Mattress that comes into your
store. If you do not find it up
to specifications or better —
ship back every item of Sim-
mons merchandise, and never
send us another order."

The "Windsor"
Design 1988 — in Tuiin Pair

ways murks mattresses that you

Look for the Simmons Label
SIMMONS COMPANY

NEW YORK ATLANTA CHICAGO KENOSHA SAN FRANCISCO MONTREAL

{Executive Offices, Kenosha, Wis.)

1922, Simmons Company

J3uilt for Sleep

FREE BOOKLET ON SLEEP:

Write us for "Sleep and its Environment '

This a
Fusan Pattern

ROM the time her chubby fingers grasp her tiny
set of "doll's dishes" the possession of real china is
dear to the feminine heart!
Of course she must choose it herself to harmonize
with her decorative plan. No brittle, egg-shell ware
to be nicked and cracked either — it must be like
Grandma's, a permanent, substantial china to be lived
with for years!

And so it is that Syracuse China is chosen. It offers
a wealth of color and design from which to choose, a
permanence which only such a well made china can
assure. So popular is Syracuse China, though, that
you may have to await your turn — you will be well
repaid if you do!

ONONDAGA POTTERY

SYRACUSE, N. Y.

COMPANY

SYR ACUS E CHINA

AMBER

loved of all are the
gifts which live for years.
With intimate daily use the Pyralin
toiletware she receives on her wed-
ding day will serve as a pleasant
and constant reminder of the giver.
As all patterns are standard, a gift
of a few articles can be added to
from time to time until the set is
complete.

E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO., INC.

Pyralin Department
ARLINGTON, NEW JERSEY

Look for the name "Pyralin'
stamped on every article.

CLEAR and golden as a topaz, are these
delightful articles of Amber Pyralin.
The Du Barry pattern as 'well as LaBelle
(here illustrated} is made in Amber
Pyralin, Shell Pyralin and Ivory
Pyralin, either 'with or 'with- ^jA
out decoration. Sold
at the leading stores ^
everywhere.

June , 1922

VIVAUDOU'S

TUE LATENT GOTO
OP TUE MASTER
QPMQ OP PANIC

Already the choice of ultra
discerning Parisiennes and of
most Americans who visit Paris
— La Boheme may now be
had in the better shops in this
country.

In exclusive French packings of
softly tinted Parisian tan.

PERPUHE J 150 $2.50 J6jOO
PACE POWDER $1.50
TALC SOW 75W)
LIP STICK 50*

Toilet Water . $4.00
Sachet . . 1.75
BrilliantinefsoiidJ 1.00
Rouge . . . 1.00
Poudre Compact 1.00
Bath Salts . ' . 1.25
Boudoir Patties 3.50

PARIS

LJNEWYORt^

House & Garden

me Qfiarm

k or an Ofd

THE charm that lies in many
of Natures most exquisite
landscapes is made more im-
pressive by Cyclone Fence.
This added charm is imparted not
alone by the beauty of design of
Cyclone Fence but by the protec-
tion and security afforded to the
beautiful grounds enclosed. Like
rare paintings by famous masters,
many of Nature's real pictures awe
us with the feeling that they are
sacred to the touch. We sense the
need for protection. Give your es-
tate the protection — and the charm
— of Cyclone Fence. Strong and
sturdy, dignified and beautiful, pro-
vides protection, affords privacy.

Estate Bulletin S. R. 26 free
on request. Write for it.

CYCLONE FENCE COMPANY

General Offices, Waukegan, Illinois

FACTORIES

\Vaukcgan.lIl.. CIeveland.O.,Ft.Worth,Tcx.

DISTRICT OFFICES

Kastern Division, New York City
Mid-We»t.-rn Division. Waiikegan. Cleveland. D*tr< ft

t.-rn Division. Waiikegan. Clevelan
Southern Division. Atlanta, Ga.

From (in df
KM retouched
photograph

THE BAT STATER

Dr. O. A. BouffJeur, 3036 Cascadia Ave., Seattle, Wash.
Architect U. Marberry Sommerville

Beauty that Laughs
at Time and Weather

TO homes of stucco and cement, Bay State
brings lasting beauty—and protection. For
it waterproofs as it beautifies. Bay State seals
a home against dampness. The hardest rain
cannot beat through a Bay State coated wall.
This finish lasts for years.

New homes and old homes need Bay State
Brick and Cement Coating. It comes in a
pure, rich white and a complete range of
colors. Let us send you samples and Booklet
No. 2, which shows many homes made beauti-
ful with Bay State. Write for both today.

WADSWORTH, HOWLAND & CO., Inc.
Point and Varnish Makers

BOSTON, MASS.

N,a York Otic, FAilmMpAu 0««

ARCHITECTS' BUILDING 1524 CHESTNUT STREET

BAY STATE

Brick and Cement Coating

l.unketi ll'indou's Installed in Residence of ^fr. Charles Smithers, White
Plains. .V. )'. Architect. Ihinn Barber, Xew York City

BEFORE YOU BUILD LEARN OF THE
MANY ADVANTAGES OF

Lunken Windows

FOR THE

Residence, Hospital, Apartment Building and Hotel

Insuring Health — Comfort — Convenience and Economy

A double hung window, with any degree of ventilation up to 100% of
frame opening. Zero tight when closed due to copper weatherstripping.
Rewirable, double sliding rust-proof metal frame, copper-bronze cloth fly
screens cover the full opening and disappear at a touch into the window
pocket.

These Combined Advantages in Lunken Windows are unknown in every
other type of window now in use. They save heat, labor and screen
damage, can be easily installed in any type of new building. There are
no complicated parts, and their construction admits of any desired in-
side or outside trim or decoration, yet their appearance when installed
is the same as a standard double hung window.
Delivered from Factory Complete— glazed, fitted, screened,
hung, weatherstripped, tested and guaranteed— ready to
set in wall.

Investigate the advantages of LUNKEN WINDOWS before
planning new buildings. Grant us the privilege of sending
detailed information. Write today.

For details and specifications sec Sixteenth Edition Sweet's
Catalog, pages 780-783 inclusive.

The Lunken Window Co.

4210 Cherry Street Cincinnati, Ohio

June, 1922

"WHEN A GOOD ,'/
HOUSE MEANS /, /// y ...

©s. c. u. A.

M'-.,M • . Lowe
* Bollcnbatber.
Architects
Chic

"HE WHO LOOKS BEFORE HE
LEAPS BUILDS OF CYPRESS
AND BUILDS FOR KEEPS."

^^ Tide Water

Cypress

~ "

VM Etamtl"

A New Cypress Home Plan
(free)

The latest addition to the inter-
nationally famous Cypress Pocket

Library ("that guide, counsellor and friend
of all home-lovers") is the entirely new
Volume 44. It is the Cypress Colonial Book
It gives you Complete full-size Working
Drawings, on a double plan sheet supple-
ment, covering every detail of the beautiful
dwelling pictured at the left. The design, by
an eminent architect, is original and exclu-
sive'with us — for you. Complete specifica-
tions are included. In addition there are 22
historically authentic sketches by a well
known artist, depicting Colonial costumes,
dances, manners, furniture, silver, archi-
tecture, interior schemes, military attire,
etc. Also much valuable editorial matter.
The complete booklet comes to you on
request, free with our compliments. Will
you write us freely of your hopes and
plans? We are here to help.

SOUTHERN CYPRESS MFRS.' ASSN.

1210 Poydras Buildng, New ^t^J\eJ
Orleans, Louisiana orliloGraham ^^5^/5^
Building, Jacksonville, Florida ^«u«-*-

TOGAN BUNGALOWS

SUMMER COTTAGES -:• GARAGES

TOGAN HOME
BUNGALOWS

TOGAN-STI1.ES, Grand Rapid*, Michigan

GET THIS BOOK OF DESIGNS with
FLOOR PLANS and PRICES— Mailed Free

We want you to know how Togan Factory Methods will save
you money in building your home; how you can buy a Togan
Bungalow, Summer Cottage, or Garage completely built up at
the factory, painted, ready to erect; now you can get a better
building at a lower cost and a saving in time and money.

Build Your Home at a Saving

SEND TODAY FOR THIS BOOK

TOG AN- STILES, 1626 Eastern Ave., Grand Rapids, Mich.
Massachusetts Display: Pope 8: Cottle Co., Revere, Mass.

Archt. Geo. P.. Rheinfrank, Toledo,
O. secured this charming effect on C.
M. Brown's Home. Auburn, Ind.
with "CREO-DIPT" Special Thatch
Roof and 24-inch "Wide Exposure
Silver Gray Shingles on sides.

"CREO-DIPT" Thatch Roofs are made possible by our in-
genious method of sawing the thick ends of "CREO-DIPT"
Stained Shingles in wavy lines so that workmen can lay in
accordance with our instructions and details. All roof lines
are softened; there are no sharp angles. The curved
"CREO-DIPT" Stained Shingles are bent by us lengthwise
and crosswise to meet specifications.

The architectural possibilities are unlimited and the effects secured
exceed the charm of the original English Thatch. If you are interested
in this type of roof, write for special book of "CREO-DIPT" Thatch
Roofs.

If you are going to build or remodel, ask for Portfolio of Fifty
Large Photographs of Homes by leading architects showing the
use of regular "CREO-DIPT" Stained Shingles on roofs and side
walls. Sample Colors on wood. Ask about 24-inch "Dixie
White" side walls.

CREO-DIPT COMPANY. Inc.

1012 Oliver St., North Tonawanda, N. Y.

Sales Offices in Principal Cities, Many Lumber Dealers Carry Standard Colors in Stock.

Portfolio
0/HotnW

"CREO-DIPT"

Slaiiied Shingles

House & Garden

«<Par

excellence''

PEOPLE who want social
stationery of entire correct-
ness are always well pleased
with Old Hampshire Sta-
tionery.

In the large assortment of
styles, every size and shape
is in'excellent taste, without
a hint of the extreme or
bizarre. And each type has
that perfect appearance and
"feel" which unquestion-
ably ranks it as a quality
paper of high order.

In other words, from the
viewpoint of correctness and
appearance, as well as of
quality, Old Hampshire Sta-
tionery is a personal writing
paper par excellence.

ampgmre

rationeru

Made in three styles —
Bond, Vellum, and Lawn.
The Bond has been called
"The Stationery of a Gen-
tleman," for its strong, crisp
character that makes it the
ideal personal writing paper
for the fastidious man. It
is sold wherever fine sta-
tionery is found. Ask your
stationer.

FREE — A packet of Specimen Sheets
and Envelopes will be sent on request

Hampshire Paper Companv

Fine Stationery Department

South Hadley Fulls, Mass.

In selecting your next motor car do
not overlook the remarkable value
of the 192:2 National Six. It is one of
the finest cars produced in America.
Yet its price, and the striking econ-
omies it permits in upkeep and
operation, recommend it for special
consideration now. Ask any National
dealer about the National low-speed
test, the most searching X'ray yet
focused upon motor car behavior.

NATIONAL MOTOR CAR AND VEHICLE CORP.

Indianapolis, Indiana

NATIONAL

1922-SIX

"After nine years' use"

WHEN" you have lived in a Hodgson
Portable House for many years and
find it filling every requirement of a
permanent, comfortable home, you
understand why these splendid portable
buildings are known everywhere as the
best.

Each year that we have been in busi-
ness has added something to the con-

venience, the beauty and the sturdiness
of Hodgson Houses.

When you need a portable garage, a
summer home, hunting lodge, studio.
play house, pet house or the like, let us
put our thirty years' experience at your
service.

Illustrated catalog mailed free on
request.

E. F. HODGSON CO.
Room 226, 71-73 Federal St., Boston, Mass.; 6 East 39th St., New York City

HODGSONSM

Drumfire

Dishwasher

Works on a new principle. Water from the hot-water faucet quickly
and thoroughly "shoots off the grease" from dishes, silver and glass
— and at the same time runs the machine. No cost for power! Saves
breaking of china. Also washes vegetables. Water used only once —
it's sanitary. Price only $45. Partial payments arranged if desired.
It's truly a wonder! Plans for a new home should surely include a
place for the Drumfire permanently installed. We give free trial for
10 days in your own kitchen, to responsible persons. Write to our
factory — direct.

Good territory open to high grafts
women to act as our representatives.

The Dietz Manufacturing Co.

Dept. C-6 Cincinnati, Ohio

HE "Minneapolis" Heat Regu-
lator, like other modern house-
hold conveniences, lessens toil;
abolishes worry. Does away with
hand operation of heating plant
dampers and drafts ; keeps a steady
fire with fewer "fire-ups." Mod-
ernize your heating plant now —
install the "Minneapolis" Heat
Regulator. Next winter you can
enjoy the convenience of auto-
matic damper and draft operation,
also the comfort of uniform heat-
ing temperature in your home.
Suited to any type heating plant
using any kind of fuel.

Write for Booklet "The
Convenience of Comfort."

The Minneapolis Heat Regulator Co.

27'JO Fourth Ave. . So. Minneapolis. Minn.

HEAT REGULATOR,

"The Heart of the Heating Plant"

C AMI-FLUSH does just one
*•** thing — cleans closet bowls.
And it cleans without scrubbing,
without scouring, without dipping
out the water — and without the
use of other makeshift methods.

Always keep Sani-Flush handy.

THE HYGIENIC PRODUCTS CO.
CANTON, OHIO

Canadian Agents
Harold F. Ritchie & Co., Ltd., Toronto

Sani-Flush U sold at grocery, drug,
hardware, plumbing and house- furnishing
stores. Price 25c.

Cleans Closet Bowls Without Scouring

June, 1922

An II#air installed in wall
directly over range with ^
automatic shutter on outside
f. Directly exhausts cooking

odors and steam,
' Mr. Oscar Heinemann's Re-
sidence, Chicago, 111.

Drain Your Kitchen of Greasy Fumes
and Cooking Odors

THREE times a day — morning, noon and

•*- ni&ht — your kitchen is a source of greasy fumes,

smoke, steam and odors which float thru your home

and linger for hours, soiling and smud&in& your

furniture, han&in&s and decorations.

And nothing is more embarassin& to you as

a particular housewife than to have your living rooms
permeated with objectionable cooking odors which
make more work for you and unpleasant living con-
ditions for your friends and family. That's why the
modern home of today is bein& equipped with an

ILG ELECTRIC VENTILATING CO., 2862 North Crawford Ave.. CHICAGO

No other electrical household appliance is

such an important contributor to the health, happiness
and comfort of the home as an ILGAIR — the only ven-
tilating fan made with a fully enclosed self-cooled
motor — guaranteed as a complete unit.

See your electrical or hardware dealer for de-
monstration or send for illustrated booklet.

FOR STORES

OFFICES-FACTORIES -PUBLIC BUILDINGS
RESTAURANTS • THEATRES • HOUSES • ETC •

^Madera -Silent
Closet

Consult the plumber
MORE in regard to
sanitation and you'll
need the doctor LESS

This message in the interest of
the plumbing contractor, is
published by a firm that has de-
voted the energies of three gen-
erations to the development of
sanitary fixtures for the home—

MADDOCK

THOMAS MADDOCK'S SONS CO., TRENTON, N.J.. U.S.A.

For Tour Own ^Protection
Learn How to Tell (genuine

Linoleum

Look for the woven Burlap Back

BURLAP adds resiliency and flexibility to
linoleum. Its tough fibres are not readily
torn and give to linoleum its strength and
durability. All genuine linoleum is built on
a sturdy Burlap back.

Buy genuine linoleum for service, economy
and permanent satisfaction.

JUTE

INDUSTRIES,

LTD.,

320 Broadway
New York City

tAsk your merchant to show you \
the woven BURLAP buck

House & Garden

THE NAST INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL BUREAU

F.. M Newman

Would You
Climb the Steps

to the
Temple of Heaven?

Just outside of Pekin they rise.
Millions of feet have climbed them:
centuries of worshipping souls here
found peace. All the history of the
old world lives in its temples. See
the temples and you will under-
stand the story of the ages.

The supreme opportunity for visit-
ing the most fascinating countries ot
the world is offered in the

CRUISE
Around the World

Management — Travel Department oj the

American Express Co.

From New York, Nov. 21 1922—130 Jays

S. S. Laconia (c^d) oil burner

The largest and finest boat ever to
go around the world. Every luxur\
of travel on land and sea assured

Long-to-be-remetnbered shore ex-
cursions at every port of call — Hav-
ana, Panama Canal, San Francisco,
Hilo. Honolulu, Japan, China, Port
Arthur, Tsing-Tao (Shantung), For-
mosa, the Philippines, Java. Bur-
ma, India, the Suez Canal, Pales-
tine, Egypt, the Mediterranean and
Europe.

Rates including shore excursions.
$ifoo and upwards depending only
on character and location of state-
room. American Express offices in
the chief ports, and American Ex-
press World Wide Tour experience,
guarantee perfect arrangements for
the comfort and interests of pas-
sengers ashore.

Write Now for Details
American Express Co.

Travel Dept.
65 Broadway, New York

Many other interesting Tours for Summer

/Q22.

Steamship tickets over alt tines at regular
tariff rates.

Canadian Pacific "Hotel ^Atop o'Old Quebec

On Champlain's Rock

TX 1608. France came to Quebec. Built an old-
^ world town. \Yalled it in. Then on a lordly
rock, put the Chateau St. Louis — from which to rule
St. Lawrence and the Xew World.

Today, the medieval town is still there. The ancient
battlements frown down upon it. But on the rock,
stands a greater baronial castle, — the Chateau
Frontenac. Its towers and turrets are tokens of
hospitality. Its corridors and chambers are abodes
of comfort. The ramparts in front are become a
promenade for fashion. . . . Come up this Summer
or Fall. Enjoy American sports and social life in
an European setting. Only an overnight run. Good
motor roads. Make reservations now. Canadian
Pacific Office. 44th Street and Madison Avenue, New
York. In Chicago, at 140 So. Clark Street. Or
Chateau Frontenac. Quebec. Canada.

ll'rite and let us help von phut a visit this Spring

CHATEAU

FRONTENAC

cfiOTEL AND COTTAGES
DIRECTLY ON THE OCEAN

SPRING LAKE BEACH

NEW JERSEY

A SUPERB RESORT-HOTEL

Open Mid-June to Mid-September

Thoroughly Modern

Affording Every Comfort

Hot and Cold Salt Water in All Rooms

.-.- EXCEPTIONAL GOLF ::

Two 18 Hole Courses

Alluring Bridle Trails
C. S. KROM. JManater

Wardman Park Hotel

overlooking Rock Creek
Park, combines cosmo-
politan luxury with
country-like charm.

HARRY WARDMAN
President

ELMER DYER

Manager

Connecticut Avenue and Woodley Road

^si-

up
HEALTH

Thermal Springs

Aix-les-Bains, Bagneres
de Bigorre, Cauterets,
Contrexeville, C h a t e 1 -
G u y o n , Divonne-les-
Bains, Enghien-les Bains,
Evian-les-Bains, Le Mont
Dore, Luchon, R o y a t ,
Vichy.

The Riviera

Cannes, Esterel - Plage,
Hyeres, Menton, Monte-
Carlo, Nice,
Saint-Raphael.

The Seashore

Arcachon, Biarritz, Deau-

ville, Dinard, La Ro-

chelle, Les Sables d'Olon-

ne, Le Treport, St. Malo,

St. Jean-de-Luz,

Trouville.

The Mountains

Chamonix - Mont Blanc,

Font Romeu, Gerardmer,

Luchon, Mont - Revard,

Pau, Peira-Cava,

Sainte-Odile,
St. Pierre de Chartreuse.

We give full and reliable in-
formation.

We plan your entire trip.

We make Steamer, Train,
Motor and Hotel reservations.

We are here to serve you.

Railways of France

281 FIFTH AVENUE

at 30th Street

NEW YORK

Ju ne , 1922

THE NAST INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL BUREAU

THE
AMERICAN EXPRESS CO.

Announces:

The special charter of the Great
Cunarder— R.M.S.

MAURETANIA

the fastest and most luxurious
of ocean steamers for

A WINTER CRUISE

of unprecedented interest
TO THE

MEDITERRANEAN

Sailing from New York
February 10th, 1923

Detailed announcements and deck

plans on request. Applications

will be given preference in the

order received

Address

AMERICAN EXPRESS CO.

65 BROADWAY, N. Y.

109-113 Unip| Cf Iamoc Times Sq.

w. 45th st. noiei oi. james N Y. at?.

Midway between Fifth Avenue and Broadway. An
hotel of quiet dignity, having the atmosphere and
appointments of a \rell-cotulitioiied home. Much
favored by women traveling without escort. 3 min-
utes' walk to 40 theatres and all best shops. Bates
and booklet on application. \V. Johnson Quinn.

HOTEL WEBSTER

(near 5th Ave.)

38 Wtst 45th Street, New York City

A high-daw, conveniently located hotel. Ideal

for Ladies traveling alone. Write for map & rates.

John P. Tolson.

THE PLAZA

FIFTH AVENUE at CENTRAL PARK
NEW YORK

A luxurious utorld hotel, ideally situated

The Greenbrier

White Sulphur Springs, WVa.

Si'nce 1778, Society's Most Famou* Resort

The LENOX The BRUNSWICK

BOSTON

On Either Side of Copley Sq.

New York
HOTELS

Do you like the big
gay metropolitan hotel,
or the little exclu-
sive hotel ? Do you
want a hotel for week-
ends in the country or
by the sea? Or a hotel
within motoring dis-
tance for dinner?

Write or Consult

THE NAST
INTERNATIONAL
TRAVEL BUREAU

25 Wot 44th Street New York City

8%-. iod

^- 3&r ""ex/fin. Unootina rne/coD/c/j

^r^f ^__ ^rff^fV- ~- _

cxv/z tLnchantina Journey from

NIAGARA **

"The Greatest River Without Comparison That is
Known to Have Ever Been Seen "

Jacques Curlier writing to the King oj France. Anno Domini ifjs

If Carticr's description of this historic river sounds ex-
aggerated, come and sec for yourself. Enjoy the thrills
of its leaping rapids, and let it smooth out present-day
worries and cares with the same magic which beguiled
the mighty men of another age.

From tlie deck of a comfortable steamer of the Canada Steamship
Lines, you can behold a panorama which, for variety and beauty
of scene, has no equal on this continent.

Send ?.c in stamps for illustrated map and guide, with rates, to John
F. Pierce. Passenger Traffic Manager. Canada Steamship Lines.
Ltd.. 107 C. S. L. Building. Montreal, Canada.

CANADA STEAMSHIP LINES

A Thousand Miles of Travel A Thousand Thrills of Pleasure

Alajegtic Mount Robso

Alt. 13.069 ftet.

Jasper I'ark and Mount Robson Park embrace

the scenic mountain wonders of the Dominion.

Canadian .National Railways cross the Rockies

at the lowest altitude, the easiest gradients and

in view of Canada's highest peaks

Your Ideal Vacation
is realized In the "Highlands of Ontario"—
Algonquin Park (Alt. 2.000 ft.)— Muskoka
Lakes- -Great Lakes— 30.000 Islands Georgian
Bay— Lake of Bays— Kawartha Lakes— Tlma-
Kami — Nipigoii — Quttlco — Minakl. Fishing
Boating, Hathlng. Golf. Camping and finest
Hotels. Hay fever unknown.
Lower St. Lawrence and Maritime Provinces

Fishing, Hunting and Camping
Real fishing and hunting in virgin streams and
unspoiled bin game country in NOVA SCOTIA.
NKW BRUNSWICK. QUEBEC. ONTARIO.
ALBERTA and BRITISH COLUMBIA.
For full information write
Canadian National or
Grand Trunk Railways
at any of the following addresses. Aik for
Booklet E, mentioning districts that interest you.
Boston. 294 Washington Street; Buffalo. 1010
Chamber of Commerce Building; Chicago. 108
\\e.st Adams Street; Cincinnati. 406 Traction
Building; Detroit. S27 Majestic Building; Du-
luth. 430 \V. Superior Street; Kansas City, 334
Hallway Exchange Building; Li« Anseles. 323
Van Xuys Bide.. 7th & Spring Sts. ; Minne-
apolis. 51S Set-olid Ave.. .South; New York.
mo Broadway; Pittsburgh. SOS I'ark Building;
Portland. Mi., (Jtaiui Trunk Stalion; San
Francisco, fJS!' Market Street; Seattle, 902
Second Avenue; St. Louis. 30.". Merchants
Laclede Building; St. Paul. 4th and Jackson
Streets.

H. H. Melanson .

Passenger Traffic Manager. Canadian /

National Railways. Toronto, Can.
G. T. Bell

Passenger Traffic Manager. Grand
Trunk Railway, Montreal, Can.

Qfe HOMESTEAD

•^ Chrlitian S Andersen. Resident Mfr.

Hot Springs Virginia

Outdoor Sports. Every Hotel Comfort

GLEN SPRINGS

Win. E. Lefflngwell. President
For Intelligent Rest. Illustrated Booklet on Request

Cruises Weekly from Chicago, Buffalo (Niagara Falls) Duluth, Detroit
& Cleveland via Mackinac Isl., Georgian Bay (30,000 Isl's) & Return

Vacation Trips of over 2000 Miles of Beautiful Scenery, Shore
Line, Islands, Rivers and Bays, with ample time to see the sights.

These magnificent steamers are equipped to give service equal to the best Atlantic
Liners and furnish every modern comfort and convenience; Promenade and sun
decks of unusual width; large grand salon; Commodious lounging rooms; Inviting
berths in elegant state rooms or beds in parlor rooms, (all outside rooms) ;
wonderful meals daintily served by waitresses garbed in white; Uniform courtesy
from bell boy to captain. Wireless and every device for safety.

A Week Full of Joyful Entertainment

On every trip a socially tfiftrd hi)stt-s.s introduces the paasi'iwrs and arranges entertainments.
Music and dancing in Hall Room and Roof Garden every evening except Sunday. Musie
by splendid orchestra; Piano and Phonograph for persona! use of those who are musical-
Complete Radio-phone Apparatus. For the Children, Open Air Play Ground and Deck
Games (Screened in) — all these are free. Tickets bearing rail routing between Chicago and
Detroit, Cleveland or Buffalo honored.

Call or Write for pamphlet and full information

CHICAGO, DULUTH & GEORGIAN BAY TRANSIT COMPANY

W. E. Brown, General Agent 1G E. Eagle Street, BUFFALO, N. Y.

W. H. Black, General Pass. Agent, 112 W. Adams St., CHICAGO, ILLS.

THE LAKE TRIPS THAT HAVE NO EQUAL

HOTEL 'VENP0ME

Qommonwealtrj <~fljie. 'Boston
at Jjarlmouifa Street

BOSTON'S HOTEL DE LUXE
Patronized by a distinguished
and discriminating clientele.
Unique among city hotels for
its atmosphere of refinement,
courtesy and social charm.
Quickly accessible to every-
thing worth while.

C. H. GREENLEAF CO. , Props,

Everett B. Rich, Managing Director

Franklin K. Pierce, Associate Mer.

Send tor llluttrated Booklet.

House &• Garden

THE REAL ESTATE MART

PRINCETON

Express train service from
New York and Philadelphia

Attractive Homes
at reasonable prices

Country Estates
and Farms

WALTER B. HOWE, Inc.

PRINCETON, N. J.

Telephone 95

Clark, Christ & McKellar, Inc.

ESTATES. PLOTS. FARMS. ACREAGE. HOUSES
MORTGAGES. APPRAISALS. INSURANCE

1 WEST 34th ST.

New York
Tel. 162 Greeley

MINEOLA. L. I.

Telephone
Garden City 1259

Mrs. Samuel Stone

Real Estate Sales Specialist
103 Hillcrest Ave., Park Hill, Yonkers, N. Y .

TELEPHONE 5507

CORNISH New Hampshire

Colonial house containing rare collection
r>f old Colonial furniture. 18th Century.
T> master's rooms, :i baths. 65 acres of
land. 1'rice $25.000. Also small house-
with 10 acres of land, price $5,000.

Convenient terms.

MISS LEWIS, Real Estate

17 W. 47th SL Id. Bryant 3820 New York City

CAPE COD

Attractive Summer Homes
For Rent and Sale

Hyannis, Hyannis Port, Craisville,
Englewood, So. Yarmouth. West Har-
wich, and Chatham.

W. C. ELDRIDGE
Hyannis, Mass. "Booklet"

NEWLY remodelled house, furnished,
at Ho-Ho-Kus, New Jersey, most
attractive and unusual in every detail.
5 master's and 3 servants' bedrooms, 3
bathrooms, 5 toilets. Extra lavatory on
main floor. Living room 20 x 30. Large
sleeping porch. Electricity and vapor
heating. IG1/^ acres. Price $33,000, fur-
nished. KRANICH
312 West 91st Street New York City

GREENWICH

FOR SALE

Stucco house in residential dis-
trict near town and station ; 1 2
rooms, 2 baths; garage with 5
rooms and bath. No. 1962. Price
$35.000.

OFFICE OPEN SUNDAYS

LADD & NICHOLS, Inc.

Greenwich, Conn. Tel. 1717

Essex Fells, New Jersey

Exceptional Bargain: 14 Rooms — 3 Baths

Large Sun Parlor-- Frontage 400 feet

Stone and Shingle construction

Fine Restricted Neighborhood
Abundant Shade Trees.

40 MIM'TES FROM NEW YORK CITY

Apply

T. L. R. Crooks

477 BROAD STREET, NEWARK, N. J.

32 Miles from New York on Great South Bay. Long Island

An exceptionally attractive waterfront property. Moderately equipped bungalow,
built 3 years ago, has living room, dining, pantry, kitchen, 2 large master's bed
rooms and bath, servants' rooms, 2 -car garage with room and toilet above.
Private beach, boat house.

Well laid out grounds. This property must be seen to be appreciated.

ALBERT B. ASHFORTH, INC.

Telephone: Murray Hill 1100. 12 E. 44th St., New York

$5,000 to $500,000

If you want a country or seashore estate,
gentleman's farm or tract of land any-
where in Massachusetts, New Hampshire,
Vermont, on the coast of Maine or a resi-
dence on Beacon Hill, in the Back Bay or
in any of Boston's beautiful suburbs,

We Can Serve You
Efficiently

WM. C. CODMAN & SON

Established 1872

15 State Street Boston

Great Neck to Huntington

BAKER CROWELL, Inc.
47 W. 34th St. N. Y. City
Telephone, Fitzroy 0038 - Great Neck 39S

For Country estates, snore property,

und
me.

cottage*, acreage property in and ar.
Greenwich, Connecticut, consult

"Write, call or teJejthont 456 Greenwich

LAURENCE TIMMONS

Greenwich. Conn.

R. R. Station

opportunity to

purchase or lease special and pre-
ferred shore fronts and country

Exclusive Listings
RAYMOND B. THOMPSON

Smith Building Tel. 866 Greenwich

GREENWICH, CONN.

FOR ^»AI F Gentleman's beautiful
I V^IX a**&*Ei Pountry home of 20 acres.
Plenty of fruit trees and large shade trees.
Colonial house with hardwood floors through-
out. Living room, music room, library, dining-
room, 5 master bedrooms and thrre baths.
Servants' quarters — 4 bedrooms, 1 bath. Large
kitchen, laundry , Ice house attached. Large
sleeping porch, garage, carriage house, stable
accommodating ten horses. Terraced porch,
beautiful views. Express service. Apply

FRANCIS REALTY CO.

200 Fifth Ave.

FOR SALE

An unusual house in best resi-
(Untial section of Madison, N. J., on
D., L. & W. Recently decorated
throughout by high grade New York
firm. Has 4 master's bedrooms, 2
baths, 2 maid's rooms and bath, 2
extra toilets, living rcom cr par-
lor, library, dining rcom, butler's
pantry, kitchen with both coal and
gas ranges, glass enclosed breakfast
porch, sleeping porch, 6 open fire-
places, hot water heat, concrete cel-
lar with laundry and fruit closet,
large light attic, numerous closets
electrically lighted, storm windows,
screens, shades and awnings. Grounds
cover one acre with garage for 2
cars, flower and vegetable gardens,
fruit trees, grapes and small fruits.
The arrangement of rooms en 1st
floor will appeal to persons of refine-
ment who wish to entertain. Price
$38.000. Address Box 3, House &
Garden..

June, 1922

THE REAL ESTATE MART

FOR SALE - - AT BED ROCK
PRICE TO SETTLE ESTATE

At picturesque Marlboro, N. H.. 120 acres at
base of mountain, famous for wonderful
sunrises and sunsets. Nothing to obstruct view
for miles. 15 acres under cultivation — large
orchard with 600 young, bearing apple trees
(Mackintosh Beds and Baldwins), balance
covered with stately pines, etc. Buildings
consist of large, remodelled barn, sheathed
with hard wood. Never been used for any-
thing but to live in. Has big, inviting living
room, with rustic mantle and fireplace, kitch-
en, and screened, glassed-in sleeping porch,
12 by 35 ft. Running water fed by pump
from deep, cool, inexhaustible well. Also
pump house, ice house (stocked), etc. Two
fine trout brooks and excellent shooting in
season, on property. Great place for sport-
rest — and recreation. Orchard should yield
good Income on investment. Capable help easy
and economical to obtain. Easily accessible
by motor — only 2% hours' ride from Boston.
Price for immediate sale, $7,000 — less t^an
buildings alone could bo replaced for! Apple
trees recently appraised by experienced or-
cbardist at $10.00 each. Arrangements can
be made to show property by appointment.

H. A. DUNNING,
39 Temple Place, Boston, Mass.

MORRISTOWN, N. J.

SHORT HILLS

In the New Jersey hills where the delights
of the country are combined with the
conveniences of the city.

and

Home

Building Plots

FREDERICK P. CRAIG

Real Estate Broker Short Hills. N. J.

ESTATE for sale in Talbot County,
Md., opposite Cambridge on the Chop-
tank Kiver. containing approximately 52
acres, bounded on three sides by waters of
BoHngbroke Creek. Splendidly situated
for a summer home, with every facility
for yachting and duck shooting in the
winter.

ADDRESS: WM. T. BAYLIES
Trappe, Talbot Co., Md.

FOR SALE, Famous Holliston Lodge,

Moores Mills, Dutchess County, 75 miles
from New York, 12 from Poughkeepsie,
6 from Millbrook ; finest view in county. 4
rooms, living room 25x25 ; built of stone ;
handsome fire-place; 15 acres; ideal place for
writer, artist, professional man. hunting or
sportsman's place ; write for partk'ulars, pic-
tures. S. P. Hiillia, 26 West 4Gth St.. N. Y.

FOR SALE

INMAN ISLAND

Raquette Lake, N. Y.

Inquire

H. A. Inman Newark, N. Y.

Boonton and Mountain Lakes, N. J.

Homes for Sale
Furnished Houses for Rent

FIRE ISLAND

Story and a half bungalow facing ocean.
2% acres — 100 feet ocean frontage. Ideal
location for those liking quiet. Good
fishing and duck hunting. FOR SALE:
opposite Sayville.

F. E. MARQUET
3415 Woolworth Building, N. Y. City.

Mrs. Edmund W. Bodine

Shore Front Specialist

470 Main St., New Rochelle, N. Y.
Telephone 848 New Rochelle

SUMMIT, N. J.

And the Hill County Nearby

Exceptional Homes — Farms and
Country Estates.

EUGENE JOBS H F. BECK CO.

Real Estate Brokers
Lacbawanna Station Summit, N. J.

Modern Country Home & Farm fop Sale
65 acres ; GOO fruit trees. State road easy
commuting; VERY ATTHAOTIVE residence- 5
bedrooms, 2 complete baths; Bleeping porch
solarium; beautiful living room; open fireplaces,
electric light, steam heat, abundance of spring
water, 4-ca.r garage; barn; icehouse, exten-
sive view. Few minutes to new country club
and Lackawanna Station. Immediate possession

Attractive Colonial Home for Sale
Colonial hall, living room, sun room, dining
room, study, kitchen, etc. ; 4 master's bed-
rooms. 3 baths, 3 servants' rooms and bath.
Playroom; hot water heat, electric lights.
Grounds beautifully developed. Concrete swim-
ming pool, two picturesque water lily ponds;
fruit orchard and garden. Farm of of» acres;
stable and three-car garage, with living quarters.

HARVEY J. GENUNG-ARTHUR C. DAY

Park Place, Morristown, N. J. Tel. 251.

F, S. SAVAGE, SR.. REAL ESTATE
STILL RIVER. MASSACHUSETTS

COUNTRY ESTATES. APPLE FARMS
COLONIAL HOMES AND BUNGALOW SITES A SPECIALTY

SC H ORANGE, N. J.

MONTROSE SECTION

Attractive 8-room house, 2-
car garage. Plot faces on two
streets, 70 feet on one side
and 1 00 feet on the other.
1 50 feet deep.

Price $22,000

OTHER HOUSES $14,000 UP

CHAS. R. PIPER

149MontroseAve. Phone 501 South Orange, N. J.

Eastern Long Island, Peconic Bay
and Long Island illustrated booklet
will be mailed upon receipt of 2Sc.

Real

Matlituck,
New York

For Sale

Summer cottage
beautifully located
on Seneca Lake

(X. Y.), eight miles from \Vatkins (ilell.

Six rooms and bath, two sleeping porches.

Running water. Three acres hillside, lake

frontage. Apples, peaches and grapes.

Five minutes from R. R. Station. 2V4

miles to State Highway. $5(100.00.

H. M. Beardsley, 517 W. Church St..
Elmira, N. Y.

This handsome estate of exceptional charm is located in

MONTCLAIR

the finest and most popular of the suburbs of New York City.

THE RESIDENCE. A striking ex-
ample of Southern Colonial architec-
ture, contains a large Foyer Hall, Liv-
ing Room, Library, Dining Room, Con-
servatory, Kitchen and Butlers Pantry,
eight Bedrooms, four Bathrooms. Ar-
tistic interior finish. Steam heating.

THE GROUNDS, comprising nearly
three acres, with over 400 feet of front-
age on main thoroughfare, are laid out
in lawns and gardens, with rare old
shade trees and shrubbery.
THE GARAGE for three cars, chauf-
feur's quarters.

FOR SALE at a price far below the present day value of the buildings alone.

HILTON C. BREWER

Real Estate-Insurance Trust Co. Building, Glen Ridge, N.J.

Bungalows

find for this
Beautiful Book

bstpaic/fir $1.

COR many years I have special-
*• i~ed in building Bungalows and
Homes — aggregating over one-
half million dollars' worth yearly.

Thirty-four of our best designs
have been assembled in a hand-
some book called "Beautiful
Homes." Each design has been
built many times and is a monu-
ment to our business.

All plans are full of style and snap
—they are practical— different from
the ordinary.

WALTER G.TRUETTN ER

BUILDER
4728 LISBON AVE. MILWAUKEE.WIS.

For the Small House

You want a home
that can be sold at a
high price in years to
come — that means Hol-
low Tile.

Comfortable, f i r e-
proof, no sagging or
decay, little upkeep — a
Hollow Tile house al-
ways looks new. Costs
only 5 per cent more
than wood. Cooler in
summer and warmer
in winter.

Send for free plan folder of
above home and 12 others.
Complete plans and specifica-
tions can be supplied.

THE HOLLOW BUILDING

TILE ASSOCIATION

Dcpt. 426. Conway Bldff.

Chicago. III.

Write for 12 in-
teresting plan
folders — free

HOLLOW tni

The Most Economical Form of Permanent
Construction

House & Garden

"There are twenty-five
styles and sizes of
Delco-Light. The one
shown here, Model
608, is ideal for sum-
merhomesandcottagex.

(Electricity for

Your Summer Home

"V/X)UR all-the-year country
J- home or your summer home
in the mountains or at the shore
—regardless of where it is lo-
cated— can have all the advan-
tages of electric light and power.

You can use electric light as
freely as you do in the city.
You can have running water
pumped automatically by elec-
tricity. You can have electric
fans and sweeper, — every electric
convenience you want.

And you can have all of this
without trouble or bother, and
at a remarkably low cost.

Delco-Light electric light and
power plants are in use on farms,
in country homes, summer cot-
tages and camps. They are
giving satisfaction to over 160,-
ooo users. They are practically
trouble-proof, and require
scarcely any attention.

We will be glad to send you
literature describing Delco-
Light in full and to suggest
the Delco-Light model that
will best serve your needs.

DELCO-LIGHT CO.

Dept. GH-7

Dayton, Ohio.

Distributors in all principal cities

DEPENDABLE

ILCC1-L

.More than 16O.OOO Satisfied Users

Dinner
Out of Doors

Haven't you a terrace or a porch where you can in-
dulge the pleasant Latin custom of eating in the open
air? Think of a dinner on this marble table, with
the painted chairs set on the red brick floor — with
the wrought-iron lamp keeping watch above a Delia
Robbia plaque — with the formal little trees playing
sentinel at the French windows — and the interesting
glass shades for the candles which are lit when the
coffee comes. Wouldn't the cooking taste exquisite?
And wouldn't the conversation take on a mellow flow?

But there are many questions you may want to ask.
What should be the color of the chairs? What kind
of covering for the table? Our Information Service
will tell you whatever you want to know. Write to
about your household problems, — whether it's

something about a washing machine, a color scheme
for a dining room, advice on roofing materials, or
the installation of a pipe organ.

Our experts will freely advise you on all matters per-
taining to gardening, building, decoration and equip-
ment. But be as explicit as possible in your letter.
Help us to visualize your problem, so that we may-
reply intelligently. And address your inquiry to the

Information Service

HOUSE & GARDEN

19 West 44th St.

New York City

June , 1922

Schools

NEW YORK CITY & VICINITY

The GARDNER SCHOOL
For Girls

II East 51st Street. New York City.

A thorough school with delightful home life.
Fireproof building. College preparatory: ata-
demif. secretarial and elective courses. Music,
riding, swimming, tennis. 66th year.

Miss Eltinge and Miss Masland, Principals.

New York MADAME SKERTEN Paris

(Formerly of 3 Avenue Trocadero. Paris)

FRENCH SCHOOL, FOR GIRLS

in New York.
Personal supervision. Boarding and Day Students

Sl'MMEK TRAVKL IX EUROPE
II and 15 f. 92nd St. Tel. Lenox 4791

CHAPERONACE to EUROPE

Mrs. Smith and Miss Gray will close their New
York Chaperonage for girls June 1st and will
accompany a few girls on a travel tour: Paris
tlut Battlefields. Belgium. England. For particu-
lars, address Mrs. Christine Smith and Miss
Fanny J. Gray, The Wyoming. 7th Ave. at 55th

Paris School

To be opened the first week In October

under the direction of

MIME. DAMARIS GKINGOIRE

Diplomee de 1'Unlversite de Paris

59 E. 791h St. _ New York City.

The Rayson School for Girls

Removed to beautiful residence on the Drive. Home
and Day Departments. 2.'Uh year October IT'"

Clara I. Colbourne. A.B. j »,,,„,,„„,.

Martha K. Humphrey, A.M. f
310 Riverside Drive. Cor. 103rd St., N. Y. City.

New York Residence for Older Girl Students

Personal Supervision — Chaperonage

MISS M. HOURIGAN

Degrees from Royal Conservatories of Brusscl-

anil Lnndiin.
Phone Rhinelander 5477 12 East 75th St.

PRIVATE TUTOR

Klenifntarv and Preparatory Branches
Successful record with New York's leading: private
schools. Instruction at student's or tutor's residence.
MRS. H. D. ROBERTS 62 W. 84th Street

Phone Schuyler 3822 New York City

TEASDALE RESIDENCE

For Young: Women and Girl Students
Open all year Chaperonage

326 West 80th Street Riverside Drive

Booklet Telephone: Schuyler 7724

FOIl GIRL STUDENTS IN NEW YOHIi
SHIS. HENRY HARRISON BOSWELL
344 West 84th St., at Riverside Drive

Telephone Schuyler 3106
Catalogue on request Chaperonage

Attrartitip Bumr

FOR A FEW GIRL STUDENTS

Write for information to Miss M. C. Belden

391 West End Ave., New York City

Telephone Sekuyttr Il3t Chaperonuge

The SEMPLE SCHOOL for Girls

Opposite Central Park, Boarding and
Day Pupils. College Preparatory. Post
Graduate. Finishing Courses, Lan-
guages, Art, Music and Dramatic
Art. Social life. Outdoor Recrea-
tion. Country estate. Mrs. T. Dar-
rington Sample, Principal, 241-245
Central Park West, Box H', New York

MARYMOUNT
Tarrytown - on - Hudson. N. Y. »

Glee Club

COLLEGE

Four - year course
leading to degrees

ACADEMY

Pre - academic. Aca-
demic and Two-year
Finishing Courses

Domestic Science ; Practical Dressmaking ;
Gymnasium; Swimming Pool; all outdoor sports.
for Catalogue address The Reverend Mother.

jfiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii;

HOUSE & GARDEN

KNOWS A HUNDRED SCHOOLS
WHERE You KNOW ONE

You know of a good school for your boy or
girl? It has given satisfaction to your
friends? But it will fay you to read these
pages all the same.

You don't want just a good school. You
want the best school. Here is a selection
of them, located all over the country,
serving every variety of different need.
Any one may have something to offer
which you may not have thought of before.

Look for that something carefully. Ask
us to help you find it. The Nast School
Service Bureau has experts whose sole
duty it is to keep in touch with schools
all over the country. Their advice is at
your disposal. Why not make use of it —
before making one of the most important
decisions of your life?

THH NAST SCHOOL SERVICE

25 WEST 44TH ST., NEW YORK

ann BiiJiiiniMi n> mill : , , iiiiiii ism i ••mi iniiniiiiiiii nil in iiiii IBIU

NEW YORK CITY & VICINITY NEW YORK CITY & VICINITY

Scudder School

248 West 72d St.
Riverside Drive, N.

Seven buildings: attractive dormitories; like college
life. Gymnasium, swimming, etc. No entrance ex-
aminations. High School. Preparatory and Elective
Courses: Spanish. French, Music. Art.
Kur older .students:

POST GUAIH'ATE SCHOOL
I. Secretarial Training, with uimsual features.
i. Domestic Science, one year course with diploma.
3. Community Service, a new profession combining
Secretarial, Social Welfare, and Americanization.
Graduates of this Course are also qualified for
dig" grade secretarial positions. Address

MISS H. G. SCUDDER

COMSTOCK SCHOOL
Miss Foster's School for Girls.
Advanced Elective. College Prepara-
tory. Special Arts. Native French Teachers.

52 East 72nd St., New York, N. Y.

GLEN EDEN

For high-school girls or graduates. Suburban to
New York City. 50 minutes from Flftli Avenue.
Magnificent eaulpment Buildings of granite.
Enter any time. For booklet address
Director, Glen Eden, Stamford, Conn.

OSSINING SCHOOL

For girls. 54th year. 30 miles from New York.
Academic and Economic courses. Separate school
for very yuung girls. For catalog address
CLARA C. FULLER, Principal
New York Ossining-on- Hudson Box fi-H

Mrs- Daw's School for Girls'

Mra- EDITH COOPER HARTMAN. a S.-Princiw*
BRIARCLIFF MANOR - NEW YORK

Music and Art with New York
advantages. College preparation.

Music Department:
Mr. Ossip Gabrilowitsch,

Artistic Adviser
Mrs. Florence M. Stevens, Director

Art Department:

Mr. George W. Bellows, N.A.,

Director

Junior School
Post-Graduate Department

The

ELY SCHOOL

ELY COURT
GREENWICH, CONNECTICUT

In the country One hour from New York.

CO-EDUCATIONAL

THE LIBERTA

233 West End Avenue

A DAY SCHOOL TOR CHRISTIAN SCIENCE
CHILDREN. Kindergarten through Fourth Grade.
Hot luncheon. Afternoon supervised play. For
catalogue address

Mrs Elinor lialley Gibbs. Director

mil DPR ELEMENTARY DAY SCHOOL
UUUUCn For B0y, anj Girls

Playground during the summer months
where the play of each child is supervised.
Registrations for short or long periods.

Miss Edna H. G. Speck
261 West 71st St., N. Y. Tel. Col. 10077

MISS BEARD'S SCHOOL

For Girls Orange. New Jersey

Thirty minutes from New York
City. College Preparatory and
special courses. Music, Art, Do-
mestic Science. Outdoor classes.
.Skating, Hiding, Tennis, Hockey '
and Basketball.
LUCIE C. BEARD, Headmistress.

NEW YORK STATE

A school of American ideals in
a country of American traditions

RcUMfcaMy complete equipment and beautiful set-
ting on Ot»eKo Lake. All outdoor sports.
Courses: College Preparatory, General, Secretarial,
MuSk, Art. Advanced courses with diploma.

For COM** Ji/r«,

MRS. RUSSELL HOUGHTON
COOI'tRSTOWN BOX 2.C, NEW YORK

NEW ENGLAND

The Chamberlayne School

Situated on Boston's
most beautiful avenue.
Intt naive courses prepar-
ing for college examina-
tions. General course. Ad-
vanced work for high
school graduates. Music,
art. i.tM'.u.ir.'1 (native
ti-uclkTs). Organized ath-
letics, gymnasium, swim-
ming 1 1' ...I, playground.
Horseback riding. Modern
residence within a short
distance of all the city's
advantages.

GRACE L. EDGETT, Principal
261 Clarendon Street

(Corner nf Commonwealth Ave.)
BOSTON. MASS.

Saint Margaret's School

47th year. College preparatory. Secretarial and
Domestic Science Courses. Gymnasium. Organized
nth if tn-; Outdoor life on 50 -acre school farm.
Miss Emily Gardner Munro, A. M., Principal,
VVatfrhury. Conn.

House in the Pines

NOUTON, MASS., 30 miles from Boston
A School for Girls. College preparatory and

finishing courses. Music, Art, Household Arts.

Secretarial courses. Every attention, not only

to huh its of study, but to each girl's health

.r.i'l happiness.

Miss <;KiiTi:n>K E. COUNISH, Principal.

ROGERS HALL SCHOOL

Lowell, Massachusetts. 38 min-
utes from Boston. Thorough
preparation for college. For
catalogue and views, address

Miss Olive Sewall Parsons, B.A.
Principal

THE MACDUFFIE SCHOOL

Springfield, Mass. 3 buildings. Gymnasium, Swlin-
luiitg, Ball lii l.i. Tennis, Horseback riding. College
Treparatory, General, Secretarial and Special
Cmirses. Housecraft, model practice house. 35 girls.
12 learners. Principals, John MacDuffie. Ph.D.,
Mrs. John MacDuffle, A.B.

School

Year Book on
Request

All studies except English eiectire

I'M'paratory finishing school.

Advanced Elective Courses
for high school graduates.
College Certificate. Fully
equipped.

IMano. Voice. Violin. Pipe
organ, with noted men.

Pmm-stic Science, New Gym-
nasium with swimming
pool. 8 acres for athletics.

< Y -t iiTiu- Design and Home
Dec-oration, Secretarial

Coune.

Exceptional opportunities,
with a delightful home
life.

2636 Summit Street
NEWTON, Mass.

House & Garden

NEW ENGLAND

I '

Lasell Seminary

A school that blends the best of old New
England ideals of woman's education with
training that recognizes and meets demands
of modern complex life.

Course of study, from first year high school
grades through two years' work for high school
graduates, ranges widely through academic and
special elective courses. Unusual training in
Home Economics, Music, Art, College Pre-
paratory and Secretarial courses. Ideally
situated for cultural advantages of Boston.
Outdoor sports and gymnasium. 15 buildings.
30 acres. WOODLAND PARK, the Junior
School for Girls under 15. Catalogs on applica-
tion. Camp Teconnet opens July 1st.

GUY M. WINSLOW, Ph.D., Principal
CHAS. F. TOWNE, A.M., Assoc. Principal

149 Woodland Road. Auburndale. Mass.

ChoateSchool

1600 Beacon St., Brookline, Mass.

41st year. Home and Day School
for Girls. Special emphasis on
college preparatory work. Gen-
eral Courses. Athletic sports.
Horseback riding. Social life of
school special care of experi-
enced teachers.

AUGUSTA CHOATE Vassar A.B..A.M.
Principal

CENTRAL STATES

IFNOX HAH "The rcal E^'eni School in the
LL11VJA HALL Heart of ,|le Mlddlc Wcst." Su-
burban location, 30 minutes from St. Louis. Six-
acre campus, magnificently land-scaped. College
Preparatory and Special Courses. Athletics. Lim-
ited enrollment. Tuition $900 and $1,000. Cata-
logue. Address Mits. M. LOUISE THOMAS, Principal
MISSOURI, Kirkwood, St. Louis Co., Box 1025

SOUTHERN STATES

WARRENTON COUNTRY SCHOOL

For Young Girls

College preparatory and special courses. French,
tlie language of the house. The school is planned
to teach girls how to study, to bring them nearer
nature, and to Inculcate habits of order and
economy. No extras.
Mile. Lea M. Boulicjny, Box 45, Warrenton. Va.

Brenau College Conservatory

Select patronage 30 states; pleasant
social life; North of Atlanta. Standard
A.B. course ; special advantages in mu-
sic, oratory, art, domestic science, phys-
ical culture. New gymnasium, swimming
pool. Catalog and illustrated book.
Address BRENAU, Box"G," Gainesville, Ga.

EASTERN ATLANTIC

A graduate school offering two
years of highest quality
academic work. Splendid
courses in Home - making
Science, Music, Language,
Secretarial Training and
Art. Equals two college
years. Ideal home
surroundings and in-
fluences. Catalog.
Mr. and Mrs. H. M.
Crist. Principals,

Box 1509 6

Swarthmore, Pa.

The Graduate School of

The Mary Ljon School

MISS MILLS SCHOOLFirst o

School

Girls 6 to 16 years. Ten acres. Hiding, all sports.
bleeping porches. Delightful family life French
emphasized. \LBEBTO JONAS, Supervisor of Piano.
ELLEN STANNEY HILLS, Head of the School.
PHILADELPHIA, MOUNT AIKY. "Cresheim." Box G.

Walnut Lane

65lh Year Cily and Country School
High School Graduate; Academ-
ic; Collfge Preparatory; Lan-
guage; Music; Expression; Vo-
cational Courses. Athletics ;
Horseback Hiding. Swimming.
Basketball. Tennis. Dancing.
Military Drill.

S. Edna Johnston, A.B., Prin.,
Box M. Germantown, Phila., Pa.

FOUNDED
1867

HIGHLAND HALL,

In old residential Hollidnysburg located in the
most beautiful and healthful section of the Alle-
gliany mountains. College preparatory, general and
post-graduate courses. Miss KI.I.KN C. KEATES,
A. B., Principal, Hollidaysburg, Pa.

(She JUarrum

For Girls Bryn Mawr, Pa.

Thorough college preparation or spe-
[cial study. Music, art. New stone
building, large grounds. Hockey,
tennis, basketball, riding.

Write lor illustnitcd catalog.
Mrs. Edith H. Harcum. B.L.

Head of School
Mrs. L. May Willis. B.P., Academic Head

BEECHWOOD

JENKINTOWN, PA.
Suburb of Phila.

School for practical training of young women.
Junior College Departments. Music, Art, Do-
mestic Science, Kindergarten, Normal

Gymnastics, etc.
Large new gymnasium
Address as above

A school for

girls occupying an estate on the summit of Rydal
Hills. 25 minutes from Phila. Illustrated booklet
describing new building mailed on request. Rydal,
Junior Department. Miss Abby Sutherland, Prin.
Pennsylvania, Montgomery County.

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

NATIONALRRItSEMINARY

For Young Women

Washington, D. C., Suburbs

James E. Ament, Ph.D., LL.D., President

Two-year courses in college work. Girls may specialize in Music,
Art, Expression and other vocational courses. Domestic Science
diploma. 90-acre campus. 32 buildings. Gymnasium and swim-
ming pool. Horseback riding. Club houses for recreation and
social activities. Reference required. Application made to
The Registrar, Box 199 Forest Glen, Md.

New College Preparatory Department for younger girls. Separate
building and class work.

"Kappa," one of eight charming clubhouses

KING-SMITH STUDIO-SCHOOL

For young women. Courses: music, languages,
painting, sculpture, dancing, expression, dramatic
art; all academic subjects. Courses elective. Tuition
according to amount nf work taken.
,, MR- AND MRS. KING-SMITH. Directors
1751 New Hampshire Ave., Washington, D. C.

Jor (Stria

In National Capital. High School. College Prepara-
tory and Collegiate courses. Complete Domestic
Science and Secretarial departments. Music. Art,
and Expression. Well ordered home and social life.
Athletics. Miss Jessie Truman, Associate Principal,
1537 Eighteenth Street, N. W., Washington, D. C.

GUNSTON HALL

A School for Girls Established 1892
Mrs. Beverley B. Mason, Principal
1926 Florida Ave., Washington, D. C.

CHEVY CHASE SCHOOL

A school for the girl of today and tomorrow. Courses:
Preparatory; two-year advanced for high school

FAIRMONT SCHOOL

For Girls. 24th year. Limited to graduates of

BOYS' SCHOOLS

A MONG the many schools represented in these pages, there
•£*- must be at least one which completely answers your needs.
If you do not identify it yourself, ask us (we know them all)
to find it for you.

The Nast School Service

25 West 44th Street New York City

NEW YORK

SAINT JOHN'S SCHOOL, MANLIUS
College Preparatory and Military

Among the hills 11 miles from Syracuse. Complete
equipment, Well-ordered recreation and athletics.
Business course. Junior School. Summer camp July
and August. Catalog. Address
GEN. \VM. VKURKCK, Pres.. Box 135, Manlius, N.Y.

New York Milita
A SCHOOL OF DI

CORNWALL ON HUDSON
NEW YORK

ry Academy

ISTINCTION

FOR- CATALOGED WRITE
TO THK SECRETARY.

NEW YORK

St. John's School

Ossining-on-Hudson, N. Y.

For manly boys. Thorough preparation for
college and business. Military training. High
standard academic work. Individual instruc-
tion, small classes. Physical Culture and
Athletics. Gymnasium and Drill Hall, Swim-
ming Pool. Separate school for boys under 13.
William Addison Ranney, A.M., Principal

NEW ENGLAND

'VV O R. O JE JS T.E H.

^^ 250 ALERT BOYS - 22 COMPETENT MEN
WORCESTER /*~^L. f* A. T% 13* TVyW "^^" ""'^o SCHOOL l«-l»

MASS. -* » *••' ^V. Mj M^l IVE J[ JUNIOR SCHOOL 12-14

(Formerly Koxbury School)
A School for the Individual.

Classes limited to five boys. Hard work required.
Expert instruction mentally ami physically. Boys
filter whenever vacancies occur. For catalog,
address W. L. Ferris, A.B., Headmaster, Cheshire
School. Inc., Cheshire, Conn.

NOBLE & GREENOUGH SCHOOL

Dedham. Mass.

A Country Hoarding and Day School. 9 miles from
Boston. 100 acres. On the Charles Hiver. Superb
mansion. Gymnasium and boathouse. Athletic
lields. Preparation for college and scientific schools.
_ Address Charles Wiggins. 2d. Headmaster.

CENTRAL STATES

ULVER:

MILITARY ACADEMY

For catalog address the
INQUIRY BUREAU, Box H.G., Culver, Indiana

SUMMER CAMPS

Aloha Camps, FairL°er, £!'„,,,„,

3 distinct camps Ages 7-13 13-17 17-30

On Lake Mprey. 18th season. All sports.
Horse-back riding. Our aim — a vigorous body,
alert mind, and strong character. li.OOO girls
have been in camp and not a single serious
accident. Aloha Tamp for Boys under same
management. For booklets address

MRS. E. L. GULICK
204 H.G. Addington Road Brookline, Mass.

DEVEREUX TUTORING CAMP

For Boys

who need individual instruction. All grades.

Vocational traininfi. 55 acres. Swimming.

Box H.G. Berwyn, Pa.

MASSEE COUNTRY SCHOOL

Shippnn Point Stamford, Conn.

52 minutes from .Yeir York on Long Island Snund
Prepares for all colleges and technical schools.
Junior Department for boys 7 to 14. One
teacher to every 12 boys. Athletics and all
outdoor sports on beautiful campus of 16 acres
overlooking Ixmg Island Sound.
W. W. Massee, Ph.D., Box G, Stamford, Conn.

EASTERN ATLANTIC

TOME SCHOOL

Midway between Philadelphia and Baltimore
Individual supervision of every boy

Rate $1000

Port Deposit, Md.

FREEHOLD MILITARY SCHOOL

For 80 select young boys. Just enough of the
Military training to inculcate habits of obedience,
promptness, orderliness and self-reliance. Study
and play carefully supervised. N. Y. 42 miles ;
I'liila. 66 mill's. "The school with the personal
touch." MAJOR CHAKLES M. DUNCAN, Box 57,
Freehold. N. J.

Roosevelt Military Academy

Perpetuates the vigorous ideals and robust Ameri-
canism of Theodore Roosevelt. Strong outdoor life;
progressive curriculum. Fits boys for leadership.
Senior and Junior Schools. Catalog. John N.
Carrington, Headmaster, West Englewood, N. J.

SUMMER CAMPS

\Vaiilrowan Meredith, New

WaUKCWan Hampshire. On
Lake Winnipesaukee. Camp altitude, 900 feet.
New buildings especially designed far camp pur-
poses. Games, hiking, horseback riding, water
sports. Booklet. Mrs. Evelyn Brown,

19 West Thirty-fourth Street, New York.

CAMP BEAU RIVAGE

PORTSMOUTH, N. H.

French camp for girls. AH sports by land and sea.

For booklet address Secretary,
57 East 74tli Street, New York City.

THE TEELA-WOOKET CAMPS

(For Girls under 2O years) Roxburv Vt

THE WONDER CAMP IN THE GREEN MOUNTAINS

A 300-acre wonderland in the Green Mountains. Athletic fields, clay tennis courts private
swimming pond, sleeping bungalows, screened dining-rooms and a central assembly hall for
musu:, plays, dancing and games around a big. cheery fireplace. The Teela-Wooket Camps
are famous lor their fine saddle horses, free riding, and thorough instruction In horsemanship.
Enthusiastic counselors are carefully chosen. Separate camps for Juniors and Seniors Write
for illustrated booklet.

Camp Idlewild on Lake Winnepesaukee. N. H.. is for boys.

Mr. and Mrs. C. A. Roys, 10 Bowdoin St., Cambridge Mass.

SPECIAL SCHOOLS

Costume a.d Millineiy Design deluxe

with P. CLEMENT BROWN

The first edition of the
Text Book by P. Clem-
ent Brown, a complete
M> f^lhome course and ref- L ,
!*•* *-Merence book. Send $10 «<*>(*>]
to New York Studio \@
and a copy fully illus-
trated will be sent.

TJtrpe Famous Studios
Open All Year

Brown's Salon Studios,

Box H.G. 6, 620 Fifth Av.

NEW YORK CITY, N. Y.

33 Rue St. Koch,

Paris, France

Fairmont Hotel

San Francisco, Cal.

The Sargent School^

Physical
Education

DESIGNING and MILLINERY

Dressmaking and Pattern Cutting taught for whole-
sale, retail or home use. School open all summer.
Call or write for particulars. McDowell Dress-
making and Millinery School. Established 1876.
Chartered -under Regents. 58 West 40th St.. N. Y.

SHORT-STORY WRITING

A course of forty lessons in the history,
form, structure, and writing of the Short-
Story taught by Dr. J. Berg Esenvvein,

for years Editor of Lippincott's.
150-page catalogue free. Please address
-Ti^-' The Home Correspondence School
Dr. Etenwda Dept. 65 Springfield, Mass.

Exceptional Children

Individual training will develop the child who does
not progress satisfactorily. Miss Woods' School,
Box 169F, Roslyn, Pa. 14 miles from Philadelphia
Booklet.

MoIIie Woods Hare, Principal

'"Bancroft School

June , 1922

SPECIAL SCHOOLS

'-. •

C H AL I F

Russian School
of DANCING

Art

Dancing

Catalog on Request
!63-l65W.57thSt.,N.Y.

DENISHAWN

IN NEW YORK

Under the personal direction of

RUTH ST. DENIS and TED SHAWN

80 West 40th St.. Phone Longacre 7233

Margerie Lyon, Secretary

Denishawn in California

Local classes and children's work continued

932 S. Grand Ave.. Los Angeles, Cal.

Gertrude C. Moore. Manager

Rocky Mountain Dancing

Camp

Steamboat Springs, Colo.
Junior and Senior ('amps. Horse-
back riding, camping trips, swim-
ming, basketball, tennis.
Normal and Professional Classic
Daneina Dealt. w)nter Ses.ion-
PORTIA MANSFIELD SCHOOL, Car-
mel-by-the Sea. California. Booklet.

ROSETTA O'NEILL

Classic— National—
Rhythmic— Ball-room

"To Miss O'Neill I owe my success,*'

Mrs. Vcrnon Castle
746 Madison Ave.. N.Y. Phone Rhinehnder 6770

ALEXIS KOSLOFF,

of Imperial Russian Ballet
24 West 57th Street, New York
Class and private instruction in
Classical, Interpretive, Charac-
ter, Greek, Egyptian. Panto-
mirhc. Ballet, Staee and Social
Dancing. Children's classes.

Normal Course beginning
June 2nd. ei.ding August 2r>th.
"RUSSIAN BALLET TECH-
NIQUE" & "DANCES WITH
DESCRIPTIONS" for sale at the
Studio. Telephone Clr.'le 520S

-UESTOFF SEROUA

SUMMER NORMAL CLASSES

Ballet, Classic, Interpretive and Ballroom Dancing — Professional and Dancing Teachers' Courses.
M. VERONINE VESTOFF, Artist Pavlowa's Imperial Ballet.

MLLE. SONIA SEIIOVA. Graduate Russian School.

Illustrated Catalog F. 47 West 72d St.. New York

Telephone, Columbus 6212

HELEN MOLLER

THEATRE FOR THE DANCE

Miss Holler has enlarged her school and es-
tablished a theatre within a theatre.

Recitals — Instruction.
Lexington Opera House. 31st Street. New York City

MRS. SAM CARTER.WADDELL

Studio of Dancing

Class and private instruction in llallet. Inter-
pretive. Aesthetic, Folk ami Social Dancing.
241 W. 72nd St. New York City

Jfrto $ork jsi'rljool nf J&'cmtarks

Madison Avenue & 44th Street

New York, N. Y.
Three Months' Course

Students subject to probation • Grad-
uates registered,
ll'ritc for ljr,isf,-ctns C. Vandcrbilt 4039

fitsa (Ennkltn'a

SECRETARIAL SCHOOL
Twenty-third Year

A school for professional training. nigh

standard of excellence attained. Bureau of

Placement for all graduales. Illustrated

booklet oil request. Summer session.

Studios of the Tilden Building

105 West 40th Street, New York

Secretarial Training^

Intensive course Itcfjinft in June.
Day and Evening classes in all busine:
subjects, commercial art, languages,
domestic arts, practical nursing, tea
room management. Esinb. ">f Ufirs.

1DALLARD SCHOOL

' I\CL'NTRAL BRANCH \JY. W C A
ex,n<5ton A\v.. At 53*St. N. Y. C

Katharine Gibbs School

of Secretarial and Executive Training
for Educated Women

BOSTON, 247 Berkeley St. ; NEW YORK, 101
Park Ave. ; PROVIDENCE, 14 Greene St.

A school of unusual character and distinctive pur-
pose. Resident facilities in the Boston school,
in exclusive residential section of the city.

Interior
.Decoration

iy Jta.il *3O.

BOSTON SCHOOL of INTERIOR DECORATION

rorn-spnnnYlice Courses
Course A — Professional Training Course.
Course B — Domestic Course, — How to Plan Your
Own House.

Enrollment limited — Write for Prospectus
Address P. O. 143. Boston (Copley Station), Mass.

'Che NEW YORK. SCHOOL of
INTERIOR DECORATION^

KM PARR AVE -NEW YORK. CITY

CORRESPONDENCE COURSES
Complete instruction in period
Styles, color harmony, composi-
tion, etc. Amateur and Profes-
sional Courses. Start any time.
Send for Catalogue H.

SCHOOL OF FINE AND APPLIED ART

Frank Alvah Parsons, Pres. William M. Odom, Paris Dir.

Send for information about our two

Summer Schools — New York & Paris

Special Course in Paris with

FRANK ALVAH PARSONS

Address— Secretary, 2239 Broadway, New York

SPECIAL SCHOOLS

Costume and Millinery
Design

If you would spend a charming — as well
as instructive — hour, call at one of our
schools and permit 'us to demonstrate our
work — or write for a complimentary copy
of that intensely interesting book. The
Secret of Costumo Design, by Hartman,
America's Prt-mier Designer. You will
learn all about that wonderful new and
profitable profession — Costume and Mil-
linery Design; also about the ever-growing
demand for professional designers.

Fashion Academy, Inc.
21 E. 76th St. Studio H. & G. 6, N. Y. C.

Philadelphia San Francisco

1432 N. Broad St. Scottish Rite Temple

THE GARLAND SCHOOL.
OF HOMEMAKING

A special school which qualifies girls to preside
over and maintain well ordered homes.

MARGARET j. STANNARD. Director
2 Chestnut St.. Boston, Mass.

COMBS CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC

37th year. Individual Instruction. All branches
theoretical and applied including Public Per-
formance. Degrees conferred. Reciprocal Rela-
tions with Univ. of Pa. Dormitories for women.

GILBERT RAYNOLDS COMBS. Director
Box H. G. Broad and Reed Streets. Philadelphia

American Academy of Dramatic Arts

Founded in 1884

FRANKLIN H. SARGENT. President
The leading institution for Dramatic and Ex-
press ional Training in America. Connected
with rhnrifg Frithman's Empire Theatre and
t'ampanie*. For information apply to

SECRETARY, 264 Carnegie Hall
Ni-w York, N. Y.

« YE A US THK STANDARD DRAINING
SCHOOL POK THKATKB AttTS

ALVIENE SCHOOL
DRAMATIC ARTS

Drama Oratory — Photo Play

Musical Comedy - Dance Arts

FOUR SCHOOLS IN ONE. PRACTICAL STAGE

TRAINING, THE SCHOOL'S STUDENT'S STOCK and

THEATRE AFFORD PUBLIC STAGE APPEARANCE

Write fur catalog mentioning study desired to
N. H. IRWIN, Sec., 43 W. 72nd St.. N. Y. Citj

ttrtwrvn «V«H & Cnttral I'ark fast

Snow White

HESS
STEEL MEDICINE CABINETS

LAVATORY MIRRORS

Sanitary Beautiful

Better than wood — never sag,
shrink, warp or stain. Easily
cleaned with soap and water.
The enamel is guaranteed never
to crack, blister nor peel.
Low in price, but fine enough
for any bathroom.

Thi

Guarantees

Best Quality

Ask any dealer, or
write its for illustrated
booklet and prices.

HESS WARMING & VENTI-
LATING CO.

1223 Tacoma Bldg. Chicago

Makers of HESS WELDED STEEL

FURNACES.

"The Magnolia"-"House and Garden"

6-Room Section -Built
DWELLING

The kind of a cottage you've dreamed of. Just one of
the many modern, artistic and attractive Section-
Built Dwellings and Garages shown in our new catalog.
Notice the pretty window shutters and the exquisite
perwila porch, with roof. There's a broad, well lighted living room, a hall way, two large
bedrooms, a bath, cozy kitchen, a screened breakfast room or sleeping porch, and good
sized dining room.

SECTION-BUILT-ERECT IN THREE DAYS

Just three days — from start to finish; because, unlike "ready-cut"' houses, Section-Built Dwellings
come to you in a few sections, ready to join together, instead of thousands of pieces. You need no
liiKh priced carpenters — just a ccuplo of robust men to put thy sections together. You can erect a
Section-Built Dwelling in places where It would be impossible to hire experienced carpenters. Any of
our dwfllngs can be taken down and re-erected without injury.

Send 10 cents for our new catalog. It's a beauty and will Rive you valuable ideas for that summer
home or camp; or show you how to provide for more quarters needed on a big estate, such, as overflow
guest houses, hath and golf houses, etc.

Mershon & Morley Company, 48 Main Street, Saginaw, Mich. Est. 1898.

Make your

little girl

happy

WITH AN

dcld-a-[iearJJ

NECKLACE

The Family and Friends
will keep it Growing

QAsk, Your
(Jeweler

House & Garden

THE DOG MART

A Basket Filled With

Companionship
and Protection

You'll find it a pleasure to own
one of these Shepherd puppies and
watch it develop into an ideal com-
panion and efficient watch dog.

Shepherds are particularly friendly
to children and can be depended
upon for good-natured playfulness,
loyalty and protection.

Write at once for a complete list
of pedigreed S hepherd puppies we
have for sale. All our puppies are
from the best obtainable breeding
stock and will quickly appeal to a
dog fancier who demands the high-
est possible quality.

If interested in breeding, we will
gladly mail you pedigrees of our im-
ported stud dogs.

Green Bay Kennels

Laurance H. Armour, Owner
Green Bay Road, Lake Forest, 111.

lien rare bargains. They're gentle, fearleci.
rievot<-rl Have every quality a dotr should
ntelligence, courage, strength. Fine
paased an watchdojrs. iudo-

Rid Tour Dog of

DOG SOAP

KILLS FLEAS

1/"EEP your dog clean, sleek,
"• healthy and free from fleas
by frequent and regular bathing
with this time tested soap. Used
by eminent dog fanciers for twenty
five years. Purely vegetable — no
poison — no offensive odor, the qual-
ity equals that of fine toilet soaps
and it WILL KILL FLEAS.

Takes away that 'Doggy Smett"
4 Cakes for H-

THE FLEE-FLEA CO., Trenton, N.J.

Enclosed find $1 for 4 cakes.
Name

Address

GERRI VON OBERKLAMM, P. H.

Austrian Champion 1921

This Rreat dog, which has defeated tho best that Europe has to offer, including the 1919,

-'0 and 1021 German Grand Champions, is continuing his winnings in America. He has
been shown four times to <l»tp and ha<* hern each time First Open and Winners.

He is offered at stud, to bitches of high quality only, by his owners, Hoheluft Kennels and
Itexden-Bf'lcarza Kennels, at a fee of

$15O

Puppies by Gerri and other famous imported sires usually available.

Address all communications to

REXDEN-BELCARZA KENNELS
Telephone Murray Hill 4013. 17 East 42n.i Street New York City

PEKINGESE— Largest Kennel in America

All ages and colors. i 'hit-fly "Sleeve Dogs" and puppies.
Champion bred.

Some as low as $25

Satisfaction guaranteed. Safely shipped anywhere. Send for
photographs and descriptions.

MRS. H. A. BAXTER

4S9 Fifth Avenue, New York. Telephone Vanderbllt 1236.
Great Neck, L. I. Telephone Great Neck 418.

POLICE and SAMOYED DOGS

Puppies and Grown stock of the finest
blood lines for sale at reasonable prices.

DOGS BI&I'DS BOARDED

DONERNA KENNELS
Phone Closter 1O4 Demarest. New Jersey

PERSONAL SELECTION

I will select any dog to suit your require-
ments by a personal inspection of the leading
kennels. I am in touch with -breeders of pedi-
greed dogs of all kinds, especially shepherd
dogs, chows, wire-haired fox -terriers and
Pekingese. Write for special inquiry card.

Address PERSONAL SELECTION

136 W. 75th St.

New York

MEDOR KENNEL

ALL BREEDS FOR SALE

70 West 47th St

near 6th Ave., N. Y. C.

•» Bryant 634O

Teaneck Police Dog
Kennels

Imported ami American bred

Shepherd Dugs

Puppies from pri/o winning

stock for sale. $40 & up

Teaneck. N. .T.

Phono: Hacknisack 1137 W

Teaneck ItoaU. 1 block south of

Fort Lee Road

WIRE-HAIRED FOX TERRIERS

Ideal dog for motor car
and lionu'. A few uf our
own, bred farm raised
puppies for disposal.

Alvin Farm reg'd.
American Kennel Club

WMIiamstown. N. J.

Address communication

Mrs. Emma G. Hunter,

1660 N. Robinson St.,

Philadelphia. Pa.

Belmont 3440-J.

TANGLEWOLD AIREDALES

INTELLIGENT, FAITHFUL, COURAGEOUS,
ROYALLY BRED, REASONABLY PRICED

Address Communications to:

W. E. and A. G. BAKER

105 WEST 40th STREET NEW YORK CITY

HOME

FOR

DOGS

AT WOOD SIDE, LONG ISLAND
10 min. from Penn. sta., 7th Ave. &
33d St. Conducted exclusively for
hoarders. Est. 20 years. Unsur-
passed for pet and sporting dogs.
Acres of exercising grounds with
secure fencing. Health, Happiness
assured. No sick dog.* or young pup-
pies taken. Inspection invited
Highest references.

MRS. W. BATTS

The Kennels, Woodslde, Long Island

(near Wood side Station)

Phone 93 Newton

AIREDALES

Champion Stock

Pedigreed Puppies and
Grown Dogs

We Ship on Approval
BRAYVENT KENNELS

232 Clark St.
Westfield, N. J.

Thomas K. Bray
I'hone 424.U WeatfleW

St. Bernards

and NEWFOUNDLANDS
Best passible pets for
children. Companions,
also guards for the home.
Faithful and affectionate.
From best prize pedi-
greed strains.

WHITE STAR KENNELS
Long Branch. N. J.

'Phone 855.T

AIREDALE TERRIERS
THE ONE MAN DOG

Photos and prices on request.
SIERRA KENNELS

Volcano. Amador County, Calif.

OSOKO

Did you ever think
of feeding your dog
Osoko?

Send for a free sam-
ple and try it.
You will then know
why it is so popular
in the foremost ken-
nels of the world.

Send/or Sample and Price Lilt H.

Manufactured by

SPILLERS VICTORIA FOODS, Lid.

London, England

H. A. ROBINSON & CO.

Importer*
128 Water Street New York City

SICK DOGS

A BOOK on the treatment and the
Care of Dogs (Especially Pets) mailed
free. Address rHumphreys' Veterinary
Remedies, 156 William St., New York

THE DOG SHOP, Inc.

'DOG
MARK'

A bureau of personal service run by and for dog
owners. Over a hundred distinctive specimens
secured for discriminating customers in the last
three months from the best known kennels in the

inin -ii'.n i I.MI- nails, cedar bedding, harne
blankets, etc. May we be of service?
420 Boylston street. Boston

Write Department H Phone Back Bay 8156

Room 521

'KILLS FLEAS'

Sergeant's Skip Flea Soap positively kills
fleas, lice. etc. Won't irritate skin or eyes
nor mat hair but leaves it clean, soft and
fluffy. ZSc cake lasts longtime. At dealers
or from us. ,T A Mtdicin,

FD C C -^ for Every

II C C /^H\ Dog Ailment

DOG BOOK

Polk Miller's famous
Dog Book, 64 pages.
on care, feeding and

training, also pedi-
gree blank, ailment
chart and Sen. Vest's
celebrated "Tribute
to a Dog." Write
today for free copy.

POLK MILLER DRUG CO.

June, 1922

THE DOG MART & POULTRY YARD

[Cure Mangel

on your dog with •-

Q-W MANGE CURE

fl per bottle postpaid.
Stops scratching, dries
sores, heals skin, grows
rich new coat. Soothing,
penetrating, healing
Wonderful hair restorer
for humans. 25 other
famous Q-W Dog Remedies

FREE DOG BOOK

onHo-uitofeedand TrainDogs. ISO illustrations
ofBrushts, Coat Slickers, Collars, etc. Stndfor it

Q-W LABORATORIES I

Pept. 3 Bound Brook, New Jersey I

FUN AND HEALTH

«\A ^f£. A toy or Klrl can get

^j..ki * y^HMI11101"'' f1-1"- physical

E development and rud-
Pdy health out of a
poiiy than from any
other source, and
more real happiness
than he or she is apt
to yet out of a fnr-

tune in later life.

"Charlie has gained strength Complete Outfit
and self-reliance and in a Your satisfaction
happy, busy boy since the guaranteed. Particu
pnnn come" Jars on request.

BELLE MEAOE FARM, Dept. 3. Belle Meade. V

BORZOIS

(Russian Wolfhounds)
The dog of kings and emperors.
The aristocrat of the canine family.
The most beautiful of all breeds.

Puppies for sale. Very reasonable. Exception-
ally beautiful. Come from some of the great-
est Champions In the country. No better blooil
to be had for any price. Write or call
DR. S. De SAYDA. College President
Ridgefleld Park. N. J.

The only friend that never
interrupts — always agrees —
and likes it. Your dog

Keeps Dogs Comfortable

I Dogs cannot be healthy or safe if they f-c tormented
by fleas. Prevent snappishness and dot ailments by
keeping them comfortable with Black Hag. Blown
into the coat with a powder gun. It will kill every
S^?i' Non-Ppisonous; harmless to dogs and humans.
Kills insects by inhalation. Fleas don't eat it — they
breathe it, and die. In the red-and-yellow wrapper
| A ^ bearing the BLACK FLAG trademark.
At all drug, grocery, department and hard-
ware stores.Three sizes: 1 5c. 40c and 75c.
(except west of Denver). Or direct
by mail on receipt of price.
BLACK FLAG, Baltimore, Md.

"BUFFALO' Portable

FENCING SYSTEM

"BUFFALO" PORTABLE FENCING SYSTEM is in successful

*-> use on some of the largest and finest country estates in Atnerica
as enclosures for small fowl or animals.

This "Buffalo" System permits. a frequent, simple, quick, inexpensive
"^^."P™810" of enclosures. It is neat 'in appearance and

NEW PRICES Effective April l,t
(Net per section)

L lS,ng .x, 5' hi?h $4.00

2 6 wide x 5Y high (gate) 2.50

4 6" long x 5' high 335

,-"g x 2' high £50

long x 2 high. .

K. O. li. Buffalo! N! 'Y! '
Initial orders for
less than six sec-
tions are subject
to an advance of
25c per section
over the above
prices.

WRITE

for booklet No.
70-7? which shows
designs, sizes and
Prices. Mailed
H pen receipt of 6c
postage.

BUFFALO WIRE WORKS CO., Inc. 475 Terrace,

(Formerly Scheeler's Sons) Buffalo, N. Y.

Game Birds

Make an attractive addition to the up-to-date country place
Ornamental — Interesting — Easy to Raise

The Game Breeder

An illustrated monthly magazine is the recognized authority on
all matters pertaining to game and ornamental birds

Annual Subscription $2.00 Single Copies 20c.

The Game Breeder 110-K West 34th St., New York City

STRONG, HEALTHY CHICKEN'S are
raised in Hodgson Poultry Houses. These
practical, attractive houses can be
erected In less than an hour. They are
weather proof, vermin proof, thoroughly

ventilated, warm and dry. Easy to clean
and convenient to move. There's a Hodg-
son Poultry House for every purpose,
guaranteed to be the best the market af-
fords. Write today for illustrated catalog.

Portable E. F. Hodgson Co., Room 326, 71-73 Federal St.
HOUSES Boston. Mass. 6 East 39th St., New York City.

ANCHOR POST

Poultry Run Fence

Used and endorsed by lead-
ing poultry raisers through-
out the country, Anchor Post
Poultry Run Fence com-
mends itself because of its
indestructible qualities, cor-
rect design and fine material
and construction. Can be
made rat and vermin proof,
thus keeping the birds in a
sanitary condition.

Write for special circular H. G.

Anchor Post Iron Works

Hudson Terminal Bldg.
52 Church St. New York. N. Y.

Boston Philadelphia Hartford

Cleveland Detroit Chicago

Cincinnati Pittsburgh Rochester

For more detailed information on fencing
see our half page advertisement In this
issue.

SQUAB BOOK FREE

k ^quahs are selling at highest prices ever known.
• Greatest market for 20 years. Make money
breeding them. Raised in one month. We
ship everywhere our famous breeding stock
nul supplies. Established 21 years. For
prices and full particulars see our big
illustrated free book. Write today.

PLYMOUTH ROCKSQUABCO.
602 H ST.. MELROSE HIGH-
LANDS. MASS.

E offer for sale 16 varieties of
Pheasants, 5 varieties of pea-
fowl. Also fancy ducks, geese,

W
, ,

swan, crane, Japanese £ilky Bantams,
wild turkeys, Buff Orpington and R, I.
Reds in fowls; doves and pigeons. Pit
Games a specialty. Send $1.50 for
cnlortype catalogue.
Chiles & Company, Mt. Sterling, Ky.

INGPARROTS
ig Birds —
~ Fancy Fowl

CORTUHOT SL US

Away With The Cesspool!

Secure all the sanitary comforts of a city building by installing an

Aten Sewage Disposal System

For Homes, Schools, Clubs, Hospitals, Factories.

Allows free and continuous use of wash stands, sinks,

toilets, bath tubs, laundry tubs, showers, etc.

The septic tanks are made of concrete reinforced wire-

forms, not wooden-forms. Adapts itself to future exten-

sions to single buildings or groups. Can be installed by

unskilled labor without expert engineering service or ex-

perienced supervision in the

field. Has nothing to get out

of order. ,•

Our booklet No. 7 tells how

and why. Sent free upon

request.

ATEN SEWAGE
DISPOSAL CO.

286 Fifth Avenue, N. Y.

California Bungalow Books

"Home Kraft" and "Draughtsman" each contain Bungalows and
Two Stories. "Plan Kraft" Two Stories. "Kozy Homes" Bunga-
lows. $1.00 each— all four for $3.00. De Luxe Flats $1.00.

DE LUXE BUILDING CO.

521 UNION LEAGUE BLDC. LOS ANGELES, CALIF.

House & Garden

SHOPPEKS1

BUYERS1 GUIDE

Antiques

ANTIQUES BY MAIL

Send for my new list of specials in Furniture,
Glass, Fabrics. Brass, Pewter China, Etc.

Win. C. Wai tlron Cherry Valley. N. Y.

JOT DOWN

the addresses of the shops that appeal to
you. They will help materially in solving
your shopping problems.

BLENNERH ASSET HOOKED RUGS

Iti beautiful floral designs. L'misual antiques.
The Blue Door Gift Shop

219 Putnam Street Marietta, Ohio.

ANTIQUES. Reproductions — Candlesticks, Cande-
labra. Sconces, Wrought Iron Table Lamps. Floor
Lamps, Knockers, Andirons, Samovars. Call or
write. Russian Antique Co. 1 E. 1'Sth St.. N. Y.

Arts and Crafts

CANADIAN HOMESPUNS, direct from looms of
French habitants. Variety of shades & colors.
Average width 32 inches. Samples, state colors.
Canadian Homespuns. Ltd.. 347 Criiitj West. Montreal

HAND-FORGED WROUGHT IRON

A century-old shop making early American repro-
ductions and modern designs. Send for circular.

Half Moon Forge, Ruby. N. Y.

FINE ART FOR EVERY HOME
Fine Oil Paintings $0 up. Religious subjects

hand-pain ted. Write for Mlustrated Catalog.
Art to Konn Studio, ^4117 Wyoming St. Louis, Mo.

Blue and white Japanese china
tea pots, for use on a porch.
They hold twelve cups. Price
$3.50. May be purchased
through House & Garden Shop-
ping Service.

Auction Bridge and Cards

AUCTION BRIDGE TAUGHT BEGINNERS

and advanced players. Private and classes.

Mrs. Agatha Wilkins
255 West End Av. (at 72d). X. Y. Tel. Col. 7382

YOUR OWN NAME ON BRIDGE SCORES
250 officially ruled sheets. G x 9 in. Your name on
each sheet. Postpaid anywhere, $2. Agents wanted
Beach Company. i)04 Sycamore, Cincinnati. Ohio

Beauty Culture

MME. MAYS, Face Specialist. Est. 1891. Per-
manently removes wrinkles, freckles, scars, etc.
Muscles tightened; endorsed by known physicians.
Booklet sent: 50 W. 4!»th St.. N. Y. Bryajit 9426
MME. JULIAN'S HAIR DESTROYER perma-
nently eradicates all superfluous hair. Xo electri-
city or poisonous ingredients. Stood test 50 year*
Mme. Julian 14 West 47th Street. X Y C

REDISCOVERED— OLD WORLD SECRET of Slen-
derness & Health— Reduces Flesh — Relieves Rheu-
matism—External Application only. For informa-
tion Write— I'rimavera Co.. 105 W. 40th St.. X. Y.

V. DARSY'S FRENCH TREATMENTS
Methods of the greatest Parisian specialist for
beautifying the skin. Wonderful treatments for

Wrinkles — Sagging Muscles — Double Chin
also for Thiti or Scrawny Xeck — Aging Hands.
Send for Questionnaire and booklets about Prepara-
tions. Home Treatment* and Perfumes. Xew address:
V. Darsy. Salon de Jcuncase. 17 W. 49th St.. X. Y.

EGYPTOL— Nature's Aid to Beauty
Dally use removes wrinkles. Home Treatment Sets

$5.20. Booklet Free.

Francois. 2GQ So. 17th St.. Philadelphia. Pa.

MME. BARTHE. Beauty treatment. All signs of
aire removed and the skin rendered firm and
youthful. Strictest privacy. Refined surroundings.
31fi W. 05th St.. X. Y. Tel. Riverside 5400.
MADAME BERTHE'S ZIP positively destroys Hair
with root. Xo electricity, no caustics. Free dem-
onstration at office. Write for booklet. Mme.
Berthe, Specialist, Dept. 8C, 562 Fifth Ave., N. Y.

A classified list of business concerns which we
recommend to the patronage of our readers

Shoppers* flc Buyers' Guide, House & Garden, 1 9 West Forty -Fourth Street,

New York
Advertising rates given upon request

Boo^s

THE SUNWISE TURN— A Modern Bookshop

51 East 44th St., X. Y.

Neighboring the Grand Central. We do all the
regular and many unusual forms of book-selling.

Furniture & Furnishings for the Home

China

ROYAL DRESDEN
Agency

9 East 47th Street
Xew York City

Children's Things

THE DOLLS' & CHILDREN'S SHOP. Dolls' Hus-
pital. Frocks and play aprons foi shore and coun-
try. Travel Baskets to amuse the children en route.

IS West 47th Street Xew York City

NEEDL E W 0 RK S H OP Y. W. C. A~ 32~E7~4St h
St. Practical & fancy frocks for little girls
(rough & ready) rompers & suits for small boys.
Tub and sport dresses for juniors and women.

Cleaning and Dyeing

The Interesting Piece in the right place. Painted
table; comfortable chair. Bedrooms. Help with
the problem of the difficult room. Tel. M. SQ. 7762.
Mary Allen Distinctive Furniture. 8 W. 2Sth St.

WILLOW & REED SOFAS & CHAIRS. Overstuffed
Sofas & Chairs & Windsor Chairs direct from
factory at distinct savings. Visit us when in X. Y.
Photos sent. Ruder Bros.. 21 E. 4*th St.. X.Y.C.

SUMMER WEIGHT QUILTS— hand made of finest
tub fabrics. Charming designs, lightly padded with
wool or cotton. Write for samples and sketches to
Eleanor Beard Hardlnsburg, Ky.

COLONIAL BED SPREADS

Full size $!"». Single. $'26 pair — quaint, tufted and
fringed curtains to match JH.OO pair. Mrs. R. R.
Merutchen, 1721 Pleasant St.. Des Moines, Iowa

CHARACTERISTIC CRETONNES and CHINTZES

Distinctive Willow Furniture with "Personality."

Archer-Bradshaw. 42 East 40th Street. New York.

(Formerly with Joseph P. McIIugh & Co.)

PERIOD FURNITURE UNFINISHED

or ilirished in any color to match interiors.

Send for illustrated catalogue.
Craftsman Furniture Co.. 122 Lexington Av., X.Y.C.

OLIVER A. OLSON CO. Furniture Rooms. 10!) W.
64th St., at B'way. X. Y. t'nusua.1 & distinctive
furniture moil, prices. Decorating & Hangings for
town and country houses in charge of Susan Salt.

ARTHUR CHEGNAY— Expert French Cleaner &

Dyer. Quick service. Gowns, suits, blouses, laces.

chiffons, trimmings, etc. . cleaned & dyed.

121 East 57 th Street. X. Y. P_laza_7iliS_

KNICKERBOCKER CLEAN I NG & DYEING CO.
High class cleaners and dyers. Main office 402 E.
31st St., X. Y. C. Branch offices in X. Y. City;

Furs

FINE FURS

Selected assortment. Reasonably priced

Repairing Remodelling

E. Sellgman (Est. 1S90) 557-5th Ave.

Jewelry and Precious Stones

TRABERT and PLIMPTON. Formerly with Black.
Starr and Frost and Tiffany & Co. Jewels Pur-
chased and Appraised. Guarantee Trust Co Bldg.
5th Ave., cor. 44tll St. . Murray Hill 1192.

FRANK C. HUTCHINSON BUYS DIAMONDS

precious stones and individual pieces of jewelry or
jewelry estates to be settled. Expert appraising.
344 Madison Are. N. Y. C. Opp. Hotel Biltmore

Linens

The Linen Shop — Imported table damasks, towels,
sheets, handkerchiefs, hand-embroidered linens of
best quality, at reasonable prices. Samples on re-
quest. George »rt. 402 Mad. Ave. {nr. 47th). X. Y.

Memorials

MEMORIALS FOR EVERY PURPOSE. In gran-
ite, marble, bron/e and glass. Individual consid-
eration. Sketches upon request. The Davis Mem-
orial Co.. Syracuse. X. Y. & nil 5th Ave.. X. Y. C.

Monograms and Woven Names

Cash's Woven Names for marking clothing, house-
hold & hotel linens, etc. Write for styles & prices
J. & J. Cash. Inc., 822 Chestnut St., So. Norwtlk,
Conn.. England — France — Australia — Canada.

Corsets and Brassieres

Garden Things
and Landscape Architecture

FEN. LIN BRASSIERE

"No Straps"
Evening, Spurt and l)av wear
At leading Xew York Stores

BLONDELLE MALONE

Commissions Taken for Pain tit IK Gardens ami
decor a tine rooms from garden pictures.
L'7 Itei-kman Place. X. Y. Tel. Plaza 15S5

Dancing

SAM PIKE NEGUS
Landscape Architect
1C Arlington Street
Boston, Mass.

MISS MURIEL PARKER

Mrdern Dancing taught by refined young lady. Ex-
pert Individual instruction, $5 per lesson. Ilegin-
ners specialized. 43 W. 4lith St.. X. Y. Bryant :<!'74

ROSALIE'S HUMMING BIRD Feeding Flower. A

beautiful, almost indestructible flower which keep-t
these tiny birds constantly about the border. Red.
blue Jfe yellow. $1.00. lirookwood. East River, Conn.

Delicacies

Gowns Bought

"Sis Liza's 'OLD SOUTH' " pickles, jams.
marmalades, prepared by Mabel Hoone Oosnell.
19 West 37th Street. Minneapolis. Minn.
Prices on request. Minimum shipment one dozen.

MME. NAFTAL, Tel. Bryant 670, pays highest
cash value for fine misfit; or slightly used evening
& street frocks, furs, diamonds, jewelry, silverware,
(lit West 4.1 th Street. Xew York

EAT PRUNES direct from packer in neat 5 & It)

5 Ib. box $1.:.0. 10 Ib. bux $2.75.
American Fruit Packers. Wan Jose. California

Gowns and Waists Ready-to-wear

Designs for Fine Stationery

Canton Crepe Capes with Taffeta Flower-petal
border and collar. In black, white, navy, gray and
beige. Women's and misses' sizes. — $3!).fiO.
Best & Co., nth Avenue at 35th St.. Xew York

125 SHEETS — 100 ENVELOPES — FINE LINEN
finish folded note paper in
white, blue. l>;iff or gray $1.00.
Dent. B. Paramount 1'ai er Co.. Kalamazoo, Mich.

Gowns Remodeled

Dress Forms

MY RE- BUILDING OF GOWNS IS THE TALK

of New York, because I make creations out of
gowns that seem hopeless. Prices reasonable.
Atlanta Homer. Ltd.. 37 W. 48th St.. X. Y. Plaza 9403

PNEUFORM— The Pneumatic Dress Form. Clowns
fitted without personal try-on. Inflated in fitted
lining, gives exact figure. Fitted Linings. Pneu-
fonn. 1C West 46th St.. X. Y. Bryant, 533$.

Interior Decorations

Employment Agency

CHAPIN. HARPER & DUTEL
76 West 4Sth St. Bryant 6887
Interior Decorators. Estimates
and suggestions for town and country work.

MISS BRINKLEY. 507 Fifth Ave., New York
We open houses, clean and put In order
for ocoupancy.
The office supplies competent household servants.

TABLE DECORATIONS, for sale or for rent.
Hitz Carlton Maisonette
18 East 47th Street
Adeline de Voo Cummings — Murray Hill 6700-7669

CHARLOTTE GORDON recommends dependable
servants & offers personal intimate housekeeping
experience to solve your problems. A service of in-
tegrity. 660 Madison Ave. (nr. 60th). Plaza 9467.

Consulting Decorator helps express your ideas in
Home Decorating. Long experience in shopping &
many wholesale accounts lend economy to her
art. Laura Wand. 49 W. 44th St. Vanderbitt 0616

Flesh Reduction

YOUNG MAN WISHES POSITION with Interior
Decorating firm. Studied profession one year, well
acquainted with period furniture and decorations.
G. D. Musser Box 164 Tyrone, Pa.

SUPERFLUOUS FLESH REDUCED by modern
scientific method. Xo dieting or exercising required
Dr. R. Newman, Licensed Physician. 286 5th Ave
(near 30th St.). N. Y. C. Phone Mad. Sq. 5758.

ADAH A. BYERS 7 W. 49th Street
Unusual Jewelry & Oriental Necklaces. Decorative
Bird Cages. Pottery. Special Designs in Wrought
Iron of Aquariums & Flrwer Containers. Circle 6127

BUST, DOUBLE CHIN, HIPS. ABDOMEN re-
duced. B-Slym applied externally. Absolutely
safe. lar«« jar, month's treatment. $5 postage ppil.
Ite-juvt-nating Co. 2100 Chestnut St.. Philadelphia

Shopping Commissions

BATTLE CREEK SANITARIUM METHOD

Ring Roller— Bergonie Chair— Electric Light Baths.
Dr. Joseph R. Koss. Physio-Therapist. 300 Madison
Ave.. cor. 41st St., N. Y. Tel. Vanderbilt 8658.

London PARISIAN SHOPPING CO. Paris

Dress — Art — Antiques — Xoveltles — Trousseaux.
European — Oriental Specialties. Any commission
executed by experts. Vanblt 7443. 509 5th Ave..X.Y.

Small oval Holland rush rugs.
Effective for porch or sun parlor.
Natural with coloured border and
center decoration. Size 1 ' 6" x
2' 6" — $1.50; 5' x 7'— $10.50.
May be purchased through House
& Garden Shopping Service.

Perfumes

Wonderful Lasting Perfumes!! The world's best by
<!iraud of Paris & (Wrasse; "Odorantis." "Dans Les
Xues," "Mysteriose." 3 Purse-size Extracts. $1.
Catalog. J. M. Debans, U.S.Agt.,1 W. 34th St.. N.Y.

Permanent Hair Wave

NESTLE'S

Originators of Permanent Waving. WorM-
Famous Experts. 12 and 14 East 49th St..
N. Y. Phone Vanderbilt 9086-4113.
CALL AT SCHAEFFER'S if you want expert
personal attention for a permanent wave. Posi-
tively no frizz or kink. J. Schaeffer.
5HO-S92 Fifth Avenue Phone: Murray Hill 5772

CLUZELLE BROS.

Specialists in the new "Eugene" Permanent Wav-
ing Transformations
Fitzroy 4191 12-14 W. 37th St.. N. Y. C.

Specialty Shops

SEASON'S SMARTEST SMOCKS— Japanese crepe
hand embroidered in yarns, $10.00. Tin wall-
pooketfi hand decorated for porch or sun-room 6 x
14. $3.00. The Blue Door. Marietta. Ohio.

The Woman Jeweler

Opp. Altaian's— ROSE OLGA TRITT— 36fi 5th Ave.
A Shop Intime on the llth floor specializing in flue
[Jems. Settings and Repairs. Express your personality
in your Jewt-lry. We, will design and execute It well.

Wedding Stationery

PAUL'S FOR WEDDING INVITATIONS. An-
nouncements, Calling Cards and Fine Stationery.
Prices and samples upon request. Peter Paul & Son.
Inc.. 256 Delaware Ave., Buffalo. Xew York.

THE BUYER'S DIRECTORY

WHOLESALE ONLY

Gifts

GIFT SHOPS Using Better Novelties Ask for My
1922 Catalog Also Containing Assortment

Suggestion from $lf..OO Up.
Rena Rosenthal, 444 Madison Ave., New York

Tune, 1922

Summer Resorts

Big cool resorts in the country, luxurious sea-
side retreats, little inns tucked away in New
England, or picturesque camps a mile high
with a glacier for a refrigerator — the Travel
Bureau knows them all.

Knows their rates and connections, knows the
kind of people who patronize them and, in
most cases, knows their managers.

The Travel Bureau will not only help you to
choose a resort but will make the actual reser-
vations for you — railway, steamship, or hotel —
and make them promptly and accurately.

There is no charge for this service.
Just explain fully what you want.
Write all your details, dates and
preferences to the

NAST INTERNATIONAL
TRAVEL BUREAU

25 West 44th Street New York City

innJngWater ^^

Constant Service

Estates and farms,
large and small.
have enjoyed the
uninterrupted serv-
ice of K e w a n e e
Water Systems for
a quarter of a cen-
tury. K e w a n e e
plants are extraor-
dinary pieces of en-
gineering, yet so
simple that anyone
can operate them.

They are built in
ISO different sizes
and models. What-
ever your demands,
our engineers can
suit your individual
needs.

Write for bulletins
on Running Water,
Electric Light and
Sewage Disposal.

KEWANEE PRIVATE
UTILITIES CO.

401 S. Franklin Street
Kewanee, Illinois

QfiKfUJXS

fTor £verlastms> CconomyJ

This Floor for the Cost of a Lamp

People sometimes forego the lasting pride and satisfaction
of having Oak Floors because they overestimate their cost.
The truth is, they often spend on a lamp, a sofa or a single
table or chair more than enough to buy Oak Flooring for any
room in the house. White Oak Flooring costs less, foot for
foot, than ordinary flooring plus carpets.

Besides being beautiful, durable, sanitary and easy to keep
clean and bright, Oak Floors add 25% or more to your rent-
ing and selling values.

Ask any architect, builder or lumber dealer for actual figures,
giving room measurements. Ask them, too, about the special
light weight Oak Flooring for laying right over old, worn
floors.

Three handsome booklets, in colors, on the uses and advantages
of Oak Flooring, mailed to you upon request. They are free

OAK FLOORING ADVERTISING BUREAU

1047 Ashland Block CHICAGO, ILL.

Bad Odors! Flies!

Disease Germs— Do Away with Them!

Abolish that unsightly garbage pail of yours!
That annoying swarm of flies. Stop permitting
strange men to prowl about your house in search
of garbage.

Make your entire place more sightly and clean
by installing a

Ranz Garbage Destroyer

BOOKLET,

Put it in a corner of the basement — or outdoors.
in all the wet or dry garbage, rubbish, tin
cans, glassware, etc. Build a fire once a
week and the job is done.

Air-tight construction and ventilating system
prevent the escape of any odor. As easy to install
as a stove. Fits into new or old house. Made of
casi iron. Lasts a lifetime. Simple. Used by U. S.
Army. Two sizes, l^andSbu.

Write today for free literature and details. Let
our experts help you solve your home sanita-

Dump

tion problem.

The Neenah Brass Works

works

Dept. 26
Neenah. WIo.

please send me lit-
erature about your
incinerator. Tell me
about house, apartment,
hospital or hotel size.

(Check.)

Name

Address

Water Supply
Electric Light-Sewage Disposal

Is Your Cellar
WET?

DON'T tolerate it any
longer ! You can dry
up the water that is seeping
through the walls and floor
of your concrete basement
quickly and permanently.
Hard-n-tyte, the moisture-
proof concrete hardener,
closes the pores of concrete
and makes it as dry as a
bone. Doesn't alter the color
in any way.

Simply wash the walls and
floor with the Hard-n-tyte
solution, in accordance with
instructions which we send
you. Anyone who can use a
broom or a mop can do the
job.

Hard-n-tyte is sold in 10
Jb. packages only. 10 pounds
is sufficient to treat about
400 square feet and its cost
is $7.50. Send us your check
for the amount required. If
Hard-n-tyte doesn't dry up
your basement, your money
will be refunded!

General Chemical Company

40 Rector Street
New York City

House & Garden

Splendid reliability, satisfying comfort, unusually fine
performance, notable savings in operation — all are now
definitely established as the outstanding attributes which
the new organization is building into the good Maxwell.

Cord tires, non-skid front and rear; disc steel wheels, demountable at rim and at hub; drum type lamps;
Alemite lubrication; motor driven electric horn; unusually long springs; deep, wide, roomy seats; real
leather upholstery in open cars, broadcloth in closed cars; open car side curtains open with doors; clutch
and brake action, steering and gear shifting, remarkably easy; new type water-tight windshield. Prices
F.O.B. Factory, revenue tax to be added: Touring Car, $885; Roadster, $885; Coupe, $1385; Sedan, $1485.

MAXWELL MOTOR CORPORATION, DETROIT, MICHIGAN

MAXWELL MOTOR COMPANY OF CANADA, LTD., WINDSOR, ONT.

Good

MAXWELL

June, 1922

House Sf Garden

NEXT COME SMALL HOUSES

HOUSE & GARDEN has grown obese.
It has developed an advertising bay win-
dow. It tips the scales at an unbelievable
figure. This would be deplorable did not obesity
have its advantages. Fat peoople are usually
good natured, they are usually generous and in
most cases they are optimists. HOUSE & GARDEN
hopes it has all these excellent qualities. On the
other hand, obesity has its disadvantages and
the most inexcusable is that it has a way of
bursting its buttons. Several readers have com-
plained that the binding on the magazine does
not hold together. The issues were like the fat
boy in "Slovenly Peter" who ate so much that
he broke in half. We are sorry to have burst
our buttons, but the printer assures us that he
is binding us in a new style and that it can't
possibly happen again.

Having made our little apology, let us call your
attention to the fact that the July issue (buttons
and all) is to be devoted to small houses. We
have been preparing for it for some time,
because good small houses do not grow on
every bush. We combed an immense amount of
material to assemble the five pages of small
houses and plans, and we were quite happy in
Deing able to show besides, some designs fo:~
log cabins and a model house that the architects

Glimpse of a simple interior,
tastily furnished for a small
house. This is shown in July

say can be built for $16,000, pergola and all.
Perhaps, if you are planning to build, you will
also enthuse as much as we have over the
pages of fireplaces, the article on how to use
shingles effectively, the page of excellent garages
and the little essay Charles Hanson Towne has
written in praise of the small house.

But houses, even the small ones, have insides,
and we are careful not to neglect these interiors.
Here is an article on the essential furniture for
the small house, a page of color schemes suit-
able for intimate rooms, some suggestions on
how to use gray in decoration, and how to use
lace for window curtains, on how to furnish the
nursery, a portfolio showing the decoration of
an American farmhouse in Illinois and a before-
and-after study of an erstwhile homely house.

And then there's the garden side of this num-
ber. The article on how to water and irrigate
the garden is worth studying, because the dog
days are not far off. The gardens that were laid
out in old house foundations are a fascinating idea.
And we can likewise recommend the article on
tree surgery, and the one on a small naturalistic
garden for a city house.

Though you may doubt it, there is even more
in this number. The appetite of fat boys is
amazing !

Contents for June, 1922. Volume XLI, No. Six

COVER DESIGN BY H. GEORGE BRANDT

OLD GARDENERS 37

AN ECONOMICAL PERGOLA 18

Dwight James Baum, Architect

THE HOUSE IN THE GARDEN 39

Lutton Abbotswood
THE HOME OF ERNEST P. DAVIES, ROSLYN, L. 1 42

W. Laurence Bottomley, Architect

ITALIAN GARDEN ARCHITECTURE 45

FLOWERS FOR FAR AND NEAR 46

Ruth Dean

SUNDIALS AND GARDEN BIRD BATHS 48

THE PALLADIAN WINDOW AND ITS USE SO

Costen Fitz-Gibbon

THE BULB GARDEN OF H. G. HASKELL, COSSART, PA 52

A TERRACED GARDEN IN TUSCANY 54

R. M. Carrere & Morgan Heiskell

OLD-FASHIONED WALL PAPERS 56

A LITTLE PORTFOLIO OF GOOD INTERIORS 57

A SMALL COUNTRY HOUSE IN THE COTSWOLDS 60

H. D. Eberlein

A SWIMMING POOL IN A CITY GARDEN 62

Wm. Pitkin, Jr. &• G. H. Molt, Landscape Architects

THE ROCK GARDEN OF AN AMATEUR 63

Richard Rothe

PLEASANT PLACES IN WHICH To SIT 65

SCREENS BY ROBERT CHANLER 66

THE GARDEN PESTS As THEY APPEAR 67

DRESSING THE BED 68

Hanna Tachau
METAL LATH FOR PERMANENT CONSTRUCTION 70

Henry Compton

A GROUP OF FOUR SMALL HOUSES 71

RETAINING WALLS IN THE LANDSCAPE SCHEME 74

Nathaniel E. Slaymaker
TINWARE, RUBBER AND PAPER FOR THE KITCHEN 75

Ethel R. Peyser
IF You ARE GOING To BUILD : 76

Mary Fanton Roberts

GAMES To PLAY IN THE GARDEN 78

THE GARDENER'S CALENDAR 80

Subscribers are notified that no change of address can
be effected in less than one month.

House & Garden

Mctrola homes are happiest

The Victrola is the one instrument that
presents in the home the best music of
every kind and description in the tones of
actual reality. The genius, the power, the
beauty of every voice and every instrument
— the diverse gifts possessed by the foremost
artists of this generation. Their Victor
Records played on the Victrola — a combi-
nation that is essential to perfect results —
duplicate in the home the public triumphs
of these great artists.

Victrolas in great variety— $25 to $1500.

^Victrola

"HIS MASTER'S VOICE" REG. U.S. PAT. OFF.

Important •• Look for these trade-marks. Under the lid. On the label.

Victor Talking Machine Company

Camden, New Jersey

June, 1922

r,r 37

R D

Among Those Worthy to be Called Our Friends
We Should Find Room for the Men Who Work
With Us in the Creation of Fruits and Flowers

EVERY once in a while the English and American gardening press
publishes the obituaries of old gardeners. There was the late
Mr. Blank, for forty-seven years head gardener to Lord and Lady So-
and-So, and, the obituary reads, "an esteemed friend of the family."
Another shows a service of thirty-five years on one American estate
under one master. Twenty years' continuous service is a commonplace.
It appears that gardeners have no difficulty holding their jobs so long
as they are good gardeners.

Scarcely one of us but can recall some such old gardener. He is the
inevitable figure in the lives of children bred in the country So in-
evitable is he that playwrights are casting old gardeners for picturesque
roles and novelists use then: as a stock in trade. The)- can always be
depended upon to utter choice bits of philosophy, crude poetic phrases
and amusing, homely epigrams. But they must be old, they must have
seen, like Mr. Blank, forty-seven years of service.

Now forty-seven years go back well into the reign of Queen Victoria,
into the era of bustles, modesty and horsehair furniture, into that do-
mestic age when, perhaps because they had no other place to go, men
and women stayed at home. And staying at home, they pursued the
domestic virtues, tended to their houses and cultivated their gardens.
This, doubtless, had a great deal to do with the gardener's long term
of service.

THE old gardener, as most of us picture him, invariably puttered
around. He was not a fast worker nor, according to current
standards, highly efficient. He took his time, for time meant little to
him. His life and work were regulated by the fickle moods of the sea-
sons. His ideal was to keep plants healthy so that they produced fine
fruit and flowers; in them he took pride and found his compensation. A
compliment from his employer, and he was set up for days. Not a
patronizing word, mind you, but a compliment that came from a full
understanding of the work entailed in raising that perfect rose and
growing that perfect apple.

In the course of their thirty or forty-seven years, these old gardeners
saw a new generation grow up and, in time, were accorded the esteem
of that new generation. They felt the varying fortunes of the family —
the successes and failures, the joys, the tragedies, the poignant griefs
and mysterious compensations. In short, they were loyal to their em-
ployers and their employers were loyal to them.

These things, it would seem, belong to a golden age long since
passed and never to return.

WE hear a great deal of talk nowadays about the difficulty of
getting and keeping servants. We are told that the old kind of
servant has passed out of existence. That is perhaps true. So has the
old kind of employer. We have country places aplenty, but it doesn't
seem to be as fashionable as it used to, for a man to have a country
home and stay there. The passion for golf, the passion for gadding
around, draws owners away from their country places. The gardener
has no chance to become an esteemed friend of the family.

There was the gardener on a certain large estate in Massachusetts,
to quote one instance. A large staff was employed on this place, and
his share of the work consisted in growing roses — garden roses in sum-
mer and greenhouse roses in winter. It was the sort of job that is
highly prized among professional gardeners. But still he was unhappy
and threatened to leave. When asked his reasons, he gave them as
follows: "I grow the roses. Every morning I cut big bunches of them
and take them down to the house. The butler puts them around. The
next morning I do the same thing. I'm simply a machine to grow
roses."

"But if you get paid for that, why resign?" someone protested.

"Because the family is never here to appreciate those roses."

I heard recently of a remarkably good cook who gave notice for the
same reason — the family was rarely home to enjoy her gastronomic
creations.

Loyalty, even with gardeners and cooks, is a two-party matter. Suc-
cess with them depends as much upon the employer as the employed.
It is not enough to pay wages regularly. A little bit more must be
added in compliment and appreciation, and the compliments must come

understandingly.

T is one thing to employ a gardener and quite another to have
that man an esteemed friend. He either works for you — or with
you. If he works with you, the garden will be yours. If you your-
self help turn the earth and set out the seedlings and spray against
pest and feed and nurture the plants, then a dozen gardeners cannot
take away from you the honest feeling that that garden is yours. This
sort of physical cooperation is essential.

While the employer may not be as skilled in garden work as his
gardener is, he should at least understand the theory of it and keep in
touch with new developments. The lack of this understanding leads
to a lot of trouble. And, unfortunately, we find it in many parts of
the modern household. We have women expecting servants to do work
which they themselves do not understand. Lacking the knowledge,
they find their domestics a constant problem and housekeeping a weary-
ing responsibility. Lacking garden knowledge, our new country gen-
tlemen expect absurd miracles of their gardeners. True, the employer
should direct the work, but he should also be able to take part in it.

It doesn't hurt a good employer to be occasionally mistaken for his
gardener. One day last summer there descended upon my place a
smartly dressed visitor. Being told at the house that I was up working
in the garden, she came to the hilltop in all her panoply. My aged
Swede and I were both down on all fours weeding a patch of asters.
From the rear she could not tell us apart, and she addressed that
Swede as, perhaps, he had never been addressed before. Later she
scolded me for looking so much like a tramp — or a gardener, but I
didn't bother to explain.

THE old gardener has many moods and most of them have been
chronicled. He is a philosopher at times, and at times a blusterer;
at times a tyrant whose wrath you would never dare by plucking one
of his favorite flowers. But I doubt if I have ever seen the gardener
pictured in his Sunday clothes.

The best place to see him in this array is at a flower show. His cos-
tume is wonderful to behold. It is usually a caricature of all the funny
clothes you have ever seen, and it ranges from a Prince Albert, stiff
shirt and machine-tied cravat to loud checks and lemon yellow shoes.

It is at flower shows that the gardner has his crowded hour of glory;
he hobnobs with other queer-looking gardeners — other strange fellows
in strange clothes. To them he exhibits both his flowers and himself.
Then, when the show is over, having had his fill of glory, he goes back
home, lays aside the gaudy habilaments, and takes up his work again.
Like Mordecai, the beggar at the gate, whom the king desired to
honor. Having been honored, Mordecai returned again to his beggar's
corner at the gate. It was the only sensible thing to do.

Last year I picked up one of these gardeners at a show. A German,
with the drooping moustaches of a walrus. He was dressed in the
horsey style of a bookmaker at the races — checks, red tie and gray derby
with strange shoes that look as though they were made to accommodate
bunions. He was a walking cartoon, and I picked him up because he
was so amusing. After a few minutes' conversation he led me off to an
exhibition and pointed out a new delphinium he had created. It was
unspeakably beautiful. And then he talked — talked like a man in a
vision, like a prophet on a mountain top, like the artist that he was,
about flowers and his work with them. He had been working ten
years now with delphiniums. He was willing to work more. I soon
forgot how funny he looked.

Later he introduced me to his employer. It was evident that he was
an esteemed friend of the family.

House & Garden

AN ECONOMICAL PERGOLA

Certain types of gardens can be enhanced by
delicacy in the design of the pergolas and shelters.
Not necessarily formal gardens, rather places in
which the planting is low and the flowers small.
Such a pergola is shown here. While it has the
appearance of stone, the structure, in reality, is
made of wood over which has been applied canvas

fastened by water glue. The surface was then
sanded. For decorations a composition was used,
and for floors, imitation Italian travertine. The
pergola has successfully withstood the action of
the elements. It is in the garden of Richard A.
Rowland, at Rye, N. Y. Dwight James Baum
is the architect who designed it

June, 1922

THE HOUSE IN THE GARDEN

In Its Architecture, Location and Uses the Garden House Has Been
a Mirror of the Modes of Many Centuries

LUTTON ABBOTS WOOD

THE history of garden
houses, like that of any
other human contriv-
ance which has lasted through
and has been modified by the
centuries, would be a contribu-
tion to the history of the evo-
lution of manners.

Such as have survived from
the late Middle Ages are solid
buildings of brick, usually of
two stories and polygonal, set
in the angle of a wall, and sug-
gest by their appearance that,
to% whatever uses they may have
been put, they had their origin
in the watch tower, which was
a necessity of a lawless society.
Under Tudor and Stuart,
the garden house was pri-
marily a banqueting house — of
"curious and artificial" design,
in Gervase Markham's phrase
— like that which Bacon set on
a mound 30' high in the cen-
ter of his ideal garden, or the
circular building at Theobalds,
which contained marble stat-
ues of the Roman Emperors,
and tanks for fish and for
washing. During this period
these structures, whether placed
on the terraces, on artificial
mounds, or in the retaining
walls, were nearly always built
with two stories, and often
contained sleeping apartments.
In the later 17th and early
18th Centuries the typical gar-
den house was a square and
solid structure with pointed
roof and projecting eaves,
often very satisfying to the
eye, but built primarily with a
view to comfort.

The mid- 18th Century, with

The octagonal shape was a favorite^ form among builders of garden houses in

the past. Its proportions are pleasing and, when executed in stone, as in this

instance, it becomes an important garden feature

its cult of the classical, saw the
introduction of the miniature
Greek temple, often of beauti-
ful proportions, but with the
rise of taste for sham Gothic
the art of the garden house fell
into a decline, of which the
final expression was the rustic
and flimsy "summer house," of
little use but as a temporary
shelter.

In recent years, however,
many pleasant garden houses
have been built, and old ones,
long neglected, have been re-
furbished. It is a revival to
be commended, for the garden
house may be both useful and
beautiful, and its planning and
placing afford great scope for
the exercise of taste. As a
sitting-room it offers the de-
lightful sense of being at the
same time indoors and out-of-
doors, not to be obtained in
the house itself even with the
largest and most open of win-
dows, while it makes an ideal
refuge for concentrated work,
quiet study, or the more inti-
mate forms of conversation.
How many a French novelist
has chosen the garden house
as the aptest setting for a con-
versation galante!

Even when it is not wanted
for these purposes, it is useful
as a storehouse for tools or
such accessories of recreation
as tennis nets and croquet
sets. There is no reason
why, because Its functions are
humble, a building should be
unsightly; and the external
appearance of a tool-house,
af'any rate, if it is at all con-

House & Garden

The tea house in the garden
of H. S. Shonnard, Oyster
Bay, L. I., is built of brick
and slate. It contains a
large fireplace. Donn Bar-
ber, architect

A corner garden house, de-
signed by J. C. N. Forestier,
is planned as an elaboration
of the stucco and tile treat-
ment of the surrounding
garden walls

spicuous, should be as care-
fully considered as any-
thing else on which the eye
is likely to rest.

But of the garden house,
which is to be a place of
social amenities, the inside
as well as the outside must
be carefully considered. It
should be comfortable, and
even if a fireplace is not
put in, as was frequently
done in the 18th Century,
it should be free from
draughts, with walls well
paneled or plastered. That
it should command a view
is another essential, and
therefore it should have
plenty of windows, besides
a wide opening at the front;
if it be octagonal in form,
so much the better.

In the choice of its site,
this matter of the view is,
of course, important; but it
must also be remembered
that the garden house is not
only to be looked out of,
but looked at. It should be
placed at the end of some
vista, where it will afford
an effective relief to its sur-
roundings. With these it
must neither merge nor clash. It certainly
should not try to pose as a natural feature of
the view, but startling effects are better avoided.
Here comes in the question of form and material.
Simplicity without crudity accords best with
the modern garden. Where the garden house
is close to the residence, the architectural char-
acter of the latter should, if not actually
repeated, at any rate be taken into considera-
tion. Further afield, greater liberty is per-
missible; but liberty should never be allowed
to become eccentricity. The wonder of one
day is apt to become the laughing-stock of the
next. On the whole, it is difficult to better the
square or polygonal structure of brick or
timber, with well-proportioned windows and
pointed and tiled roof decorated, perhaps, with.
a weather vane of graceful design.

But it is a subject on which there is no need
to lay down hard and fast rules. It is a field
of architecture which invites experiment, and
one in which there is scope for individual taste
without great financial risk.

A number of types of garden houses are sug-
gested by the illustrations. None of them is
too elaborate for the American garden and
each has some architectural merit in itself.
The octagonal garden house, shown on page
39, is set at the end of a broad paved terrace
and against a wooded background. Its pro-
portions are exceptionally pleasing. Built of.
stone, with a slate roof, this retreat is rendered
attractive within by paneling and an open
fireplace with a chimney-piece of old oak.

The Palladian motif has been applied
to this summer house in the garden of
Mrs. H. W. Croft, Greenwich, Ct. It
is paneled inside and furnished with
benches

June, 1922

On the country place of
H. S. Shonnard, at Oyster
Bay, L. I., the tea house is
a brick structure, roofed
with slate and elaborated
with stone inside. It is
really a big inglenook, for
a huge fireplace is located
at the rear and there are
comfortable, settles on each
side.

Of quite a different type
is the garden house in the
garden of Mrs. H. W.
Croft, at Greenwich, Ct.
Here is a suggestion of the
Palladian motif executed in
wood painted white and
with lattice filling the pedi-
ment. The inside is pan-
eled and there is a seat di-
rectly opposite the head of
the stone stairs. An inter-
esting detail of the paneling
shows a repetition of the
entrance arch motif set into
the rear wall.

The view that a garden
house commands is quite
important, but equally im-
portant is the manner in
which that view is framed.
The openings should not be
so large that the landscape overpowers one.
Lattice can give the same relief to the view
from a summer house that small pane windows
do to a view from inside a residence. This
fact is beautifully illustrated by the glimpse
of the summer house on the lower terrace of
John D. Rockefeller's estate at Pocantico Hills,
New York.

A fourth type is the octagonal design by
Delano & Aldrich for the garden of Mrs.
Bertram Work at Oyster Bay, L. I. The
house stands in a corner of the garden wall and
is reached by a flight of steps. The level of
the floor is raised sufficiently above the hedge
to afford an unobstructed command of the gar-
den. It is a structure simple in design and
erection, having rough stucco walls and a slate
roof. Such a design might be executed in
plain wood with a shingle roof or the walls
might be treated with canvas, glue and sand
as Mr. Baum treated the pergola house shown
on page 38.

The sketches represent designs by M. For-
estier, the eminent French landscape architect,
and are from his recent book, "Jardins". The
first is an interesting projection for a two story
summer house, reached by outside stairs. The
second shows a corner garden house to be
executed in plaster with red tiles, an elabora-
tion of the treatment of the walls. The third
design is for a house to stand at the head of a
flight of stairs leading from a lower terrace.
In their elements no less than in their details,
all three offer many suggestions which we in
America can well adopt in our own garden*

The octagonal garden house on the place
of Mrs. Bertram Work, Oyster Bay, L.
I., is executed in rough plaster with a

Design jar a garden
house, by J. C. N. Fores-
tier, to be erected at the
top of a long flight of
stairs leading from a
lower garden terrace

Decorative lattice suc-
cessfully frames the view
from the garden house
on the lower terrace of
John D. Rockefeller's
garden a! Pocantico
Hills, A7. K.

House & Garden

Italian architecture of the l&th Century, modified also employed — a light buff stucco with cornices and

to meet our living requirements, has been used in the columns oj limestone tint, Venetian grills and blinds

design of the house. The Italian richness of color is and shutters turquoise blue, and peacock blue roof

The first floor is unusual, with a
library located in the middle of
the house off the sun room, a
small curved stairs and guest
rooms and service in the wings

THE HOME OF ERNEST P.
DA VIES, ROSLYN, L. I

W. LAURENCE BOTTOMLEY, Architect

The owner's rooms are upstairs,
three bedrooms with baths and
a fourth chamber. Abundant
light and ventilation are avail-
able, and maximum space

6ID -100M * I

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June, 1922

Wrought iron, classical urns, Doric
columns and circular medallions have
been effectively used in the treat-
ment of the entrance portico. A
planting of evergreens gives the
house comfortable relation to its site

The view, above, of the front
facade shows, in addition to
the portico, several uncom-
mon features, especially the
wide cornice, the recessed sec-
ond story and the parapet of
the wings broken by decora-
tive openings

A courtyard is created by the
two wings. One steps off the
middle sun-porch on to a
brick paved terrace. There is
also an enclosed porch at the
end of the guest wing. The
middle door leads off the
drawing room

House &• Garden

EATING OUT OF DOORS

The Summer House, the Shade Tree, and the Protecting Hedge
All Call Us to Revive a Charming Custom of the Past

WEYMER MILLS

WHEN the June sun
gilds the dooryard or
the walled garden, the
owner of a country house be-
comes a miniature Caesar.
The whole budding, leafing
world as far as his eye can
reach seems to be his. Over
Appenines of wonderment in
a litter of his dreams he
journeys into summer, al-
though his earthly kingdom
may hold only a few colorful
perennials and a bed of shy
cabbages. Birds and bees
play rotes and lyres, and the
gist of it all is a very old
song from the Songs of Solo-
mon. "Awake O North
wind; and come thou
South; blow upon my garden
that the spices thereof may
flow out. Let my beloved
come into his garden and eat
his pleasant fruits." When
the daughter of Jerusalem in
the dwelling place cries out in another strain, not quite so melodi-
ous "Haste thee inside for the fish is vanishing in the pan," or
"the roast ox is growing leathery" he tries to lure her from the in-
ner darkness. "Let us eat in the garden" is his plaint, and if she
is diffident and there is no garden structure in which to eat, he
adds a famous couplet from old Omar which has brought reluctant
ones out of doors in all ages.

The wanderer in southern Europe who follows an itinerary of
old gardens comes sometimes upon little garden houses, pavilions,
gazebos and temples of love with weather-beaten amorini as the
decoration. Here lovely ladies and ardent swains fled from the
stately dining room in the great house to share a delicate repast
with Mother Nature. Today the gentle decay of the places, — their
faint odor of ancient dampness, makes us forget their period of
youth before surrounding trees and shrubs had woven about them
a leafy covering. The statue whose smiling marble lips have
grown sardonic from the rainfall of hundreds of winters seems to
hint that Philamonte or Chole came alone sometimes. The lover
had gone to war, or some other charmer; and tempting viands
amidst blossoming things might do much to still spring's dis-
quietude. But the mocking Eros does not know all. When the
temple was built it was the happy fashion to eat out of doors — a
custom of the wise since the Garden of Eden. We find it flower-
ing in the Renaissance, the candles of Gonzagas on their silken
table cloths trying to outdo the very stars of Mantua and later,
17th and 18th Century votaries of pleasure wove it as a sweet
interlude into days and nights or garish enchantments. One loves
a humanized Marie Antoinette as she spreads her own churned but-
ter on her fresh bread in her garden house at the Hameau of the
Petit Trianon, casting wistful eyes at the Dutch hyacinths in full
bloom, or a DuBarry shaking powder from her amber hair as she
trips to some thicket at Louveciennes followed by her adoring Louis
carrying a basket of cold truites and young lettuce leaves.

In America almost every old country house built before the Civil
War period has a little garden building referred to as "the sum-
mer house." Here when the weather was overpoweringly hot,
especially below the Mason and Dixon line, the family fled for a
simple meal, and for gentle zephyrs that would be revivifying.

Good garden furniture is essential to the delights of living — and eat-
ing— out of doors. The garden of C. W. Jenkins, in the Country Club
District of Kansas City, is screened for privacy and comfortably furn-
ished with a pergola and bower and comfortable chairs

Even as far as northern New
England there were these
latticed places sheltered by
grapevine and wistaria where
the prim cousins of Cranford
ladies drank a dish of tea
and ate seed cake on stiffly
starched occasions. If their
fortunate owners repaired all
these old summer houses not
banished to the chicken yard
and lonelier places and
others, less fortunate, built
many new ones, there would
be a revival of the delicious
fashion of eating out of
doors. However poor the
domain or scanty the fare,
one could be sure of the soul-
satisfying richness of the
young emerald grass, the in-
toxicating scented air like a
honeyed wine and, through
the embrasure of lute-tipped
leaves, a road winding away
from any present weariness.

Wheo one is studying the art of eating out of doors — beginning in
blossom-time when there is a drift of petals in every wind — he will
not want to sit in a stuffy dining room again unless driven there
by the rain. Of course, there are certain conveniences to be thought
out if the usual repast is to be more than a picnic. Servants pos-
sessing the swift movements of nymphs are in the minority, and
the stretch from the kitchen to the delectable eating spot may be
some distance. Therefore, a chafing dish had better hold a chief
hot dish. The chairs that surround the repast must give ease and
comfort. During the reign of Louis XVI. there was a famous
Pavilion chair. It has a wide oval stuffed seat, stout short legs
and a curved back that caught the human form. A set of these
garden chairs was found recently at Loches in an old house near
the collegial church. After a century and a half of the sun and
rain that plays about a garden house they seem eager for another
century of usage. An establishment in New York that copies beau-
tiful and useful antiques has reproduced these chairs and they
would be suitable for any garden house that has an 18th-Century
feeling. A circular marble topped table, mounted on an iron
column, is an excellent permanency in the garden room. A second
shelf of iron arranged about 5" below the table top will be found
convenient for the course that has not been served, and later, eating
utensils that are soiled. A copy of an 18th Century wall fountain
in lead or tin can be made of service or left as a beautiful or amus-
ing wall decoration. When it comes to eating utensils, the crockery
and needful knives, forks and spoons can be as fanciful as one
wishes. Coarse white Deruta ware or the peasant productions of
France or Bohemia are all delectable.

At times, when the garden is without color, we can bring out the
service bespattered with much colored gaudy flowers, and at periods
when every bed and path is in hectic bloom the cream colored things
can come back again.

"We are discovering the medicinal beneficence of nature," says
Dr. Modern, the enlightened descendant of Thackeray's Dr.
Brighton. Many of us sleep out of doors, but few of us eat out of
doors. Fresh air should aid digestion! Let us hie to a garden
meal, and if we have no garden house, spread our sylvan banquet
under a shade tree or near a protecting hedge.

June, 1922

ITALIAN GARDEN ARCHITECTURE

Formality in garden design can be traced back to
the Italian. The parterre, the balustraded ter-
races, the flights of steps from one grade to an-
other, the architectural character of the pergola,
outbuildings and summer/louses all originally
appeared in Italy. There was no attempt, as to-
day, to make a garden after Nature. The early

Italians considered a garden something that man
made, and consequently, laid it out and adorned
it in the formal manner of the times. An ex-
ample of such architectural formality is found in
this garden in Tuscany, the garden of the Villa
Passerini-Bartolommei, near Florence. Other
views of it are shown on pages 64 and 65

FLOWERS FOR FAR AND

According to Their Color and Form Do We Place Flowers in
ihe Front of the Border or the Rear

RUTH DEAN

House &• Garden

NEAR

WHO has not been surprised into a
breathless, "What's that?" by a field
of pure blue chicory glimpsed from a
hurrying motor car? As likely as not you
have insisted upon your husband's stopping
the car while you descended to discover what
produced that lovely blue veil, and to dig up
a few plants to take home for the garden.
Then, alas, you had to agree with his superior
masculine comment; it was only another weed,
for as you approached the field, the blue
veil disintegrated, and you found very frail,
fringy flowers on the straggliest of stems.
Could you have transplanted the contents
of the whole field to the meadow beyond
your west window, the azure veil would have
been yours each August, but chicory blue
is indeed a beauty that vanishes with the
grasping; it is meant to hang suspended
in the middle ground, while the opaque
hue and more substantial form of some

Flowers for foreground planting

should have a pleasing habit of

growth, as here below the wall.

Ruth Dean, landscape architect

other flower fills the front of the picture.
Color and form are the two attributes which
determine the position a flower may occupy
to best advantage in the landscape, and of
these, color is perhaps the first in importance.
A color which is to be seen from a distance
must have carrying-power, and carrying-pow-
er is dependent upon intensity and value, and
to some extent upon hue. For example, cer-
tain glowing bits of color, seen from far off,
are familiar to all of us — the flash of cardinal
flower, the crystal blue of Delphinium bella-
donna, the fiery vermilion of scarlet sage,
the last of these is the strongest for it is pos-
sible to find greater intensity in red than in
any color, this being the reason for its univer-
sal use as a danger signal.

On the other hand, it is impossible to pro-
duce a very intense yellow; the attempts to
strengthen it invariably resulting in a graying
down of the color or in changing it to orange

The neatness of phlox is effective for

either near or distant planting and

can be successfully massed. Ruth

Dean, landscape architect

June. 1922

In this iris garden
one can see how
the lighter values
stand out. Marian
C. Coffin, landscape
architect

by the right addition of red.

The hues of all of these
flowers are of light to middle
value and of great clearness,
that is to say, they are not
dark colors, and they are al-
most free from any gray. The
more a color is grayed the
lower its intensity, the poorer
its carrying quality, and the
more quickly it sinks into the
atmosphere. Take for exam-
ple sea lavender, — a flower
with as little carrying power
as it is possible to name ; it is
a lovely delicate cloud of blos-
soms containing so much gray
as to fade into the atmosphere
and become practically invisi-
ble at a few yards' distance.
This, I am bound to admit,
is partly due to the finely di-
vided flower, but gypsophila,
or "baby's breath," has an al-
most equally fine flower, and
is of an even lighter value,
being white, and yet, on ac-
count of its greater intensity
or stronger chroma — as Mun-
sell calls it in his very illumi-
nating "Color Notation," —
carries considerably further.

Mere size is not sufficient
to make a flower's presence
felt ; larger flowers which
fade into the background as
readily as sea lavender, are

The delicacy of
such flowers as co-
lumbine is lost at
any great distance.
Ruth Dean, land-
scape architect

Stake's aster, allium, certain
of the scabiosas. These are
grayed to the point where
their color vibrations carry
only slightly further than the
smaller sea lavender.

This attribute of color in-
tensity is the most important
one in fixing the distance at
which a flower may be appre-
ciated. This point cannot be
better illustrated than by tak-
ing two flowers of the same
hue and size and of different
intensities such as the lovely
wraith-like Narcissus "White
Lady" with its delicate petals
and lemon centre, and the
Narcissus Poetarum. Against
a background of shrubbery
"White Lady" is like a melt-
ing snowflake on a wet pave-
ment, whereas her sister, Nar-
cissus Poetarum, flashes in-
tensely white petals like a
solid blanket of snow. The
intensity of "White Lady" is
much weaker, and she must
be seen nearby to have her
Dveliness appreciated, but
'oetarum will stand out at a
distance, almost as firmly as
at one's feet.

Next in importance to color
intensity or chroma in fixing
the carrying power of, a color
(Continued on page 96)

House & Garden

,*:V*4^i

Flowers are not enough in the garden.
Nor trees. Nor the wide reaches of a lawn.
It must have, birds. Encourage their pre-
sence by providing a bird bath. The pre-
ferable style consists of a shallow basin
supported by a tall pedestal up which a
cat cannot climb. Ba'.h by courtesy of
the Galloway Terra Cotta Co.

(Right) In order to contribute to garden
beauty a sundial must be beautiful in it-
self and it should be placed in a position
where that beauty can be seen — at a focal
point, in the center of a courtyard or
garden. This is an 18th Century design
in the garden at Moor Park, Hertford,
England

More and more we are realizing the decora-
tive value of oil jars. They come in repro-
ductions of authentic designs and can be
placed for accents along terraces or al the
terminus of a little walk, backed by
vine covered trellis. Trellis by courtesy of
the Hartman Sanders Co., oil jar by the
Howard Studios

SUNDIALS AND

GARDEN BIRD

BATHS

K¥7> MStt1

" i / 7 , | - 1 • ™ — • J _>

,i Kr 14

Good design is an es-
sential in garden furni-
ture. Here the gate
in the hedge is a simple
arch above an open
lattice gate, and the
seat a suitable com-
panion for it. Seat and
gate by Hartman
Sanders Co., bird bath
bv Howard Studios

June, 1922

A pergola with flanking
garden houses make: an
excellent terminus for
some gardens. Good archi-
tectural lines consistent
with the house are essen-
tial. Pergola by Hartman
Sanders Co., jar by the
Galloway Terra Cotta. Co.,
wrought iron sconce, the
Howard Studios

There are three types of sundials used
in garden decoration; the horizontal
with a raised gnomon, such as that
shown on the opposite side of the page,
the perpendicular, displayed above, and
the spherical, consisting of a combina-
tion of brass hoops on a pedestal

In England and on the
Continent one often finds
perpendicular sundials set
in the wall of the house
overlooking a garden.
While doubtless accurate
in the keeping Oj sun time,
in this era of daylight sav-
ing suck sundials now
serve merely a decorative
purpose

Wliile most of the mottoes carved on
sundials are banal — that life is short,
time fleeting, and the loveliest things
always the most transient — yet a sun-
dial without a motto seems incomplete.
On this old English design the motto
reads: "Come Light Visit Me"

House &• Garden

THE PALLADIAN WINDOW AND ITS USE

A Classical Motif, It Lends Itself Admirably to Various
Modifications for the Enrichment of House Design

COSTEN FITZ-GIBBON

TO be strictly accurate, the
so-called Palladian motif is
not Palladian at .all. Palla-
dio did not invent it, nor was he
the first to use it. Neither did he
employ it so extensively in his
compositions that there is any par-
ticular reason why it should be in-
separably associated with his
name. However, the usage has
gradually grown up and Ijecome
strongly entrenched through cen-
turies of application. Having
made our bow to the cause of his-
torical accuracy, it is now in order
to define what the so-called Palla-
dian motif is.

The Palladian motif consists of
a triple division of openings, of
which the central and wider one
is arched, while the two flanking
or side lights are narrower and
have straight tops surmounted by
lintels. In its full form the Pal-
ladian motif has four pillars or
pilasters, with their appropriate
capitals, separating the three open-
ings. The pillars or pilasters like-
wise support an entablature, which
traverses the side openings but is
interrupted by the central open-
ing whose arched top rises con-
siderably higher than the crown
moid of the entablature. Usually
the half circle of the arch springs
on a line with the top of the en-
tablature.

The Palladian motif may lie employed in
the treatment of either doors or windows,
but so far as architectural practice in Amer-
ica is concerned it is almost wholly applied
to the latter. Its appropriateness, of
course, is confined to architecture of Classic
design.

The Palladian window imparts em-
phasis, enrichment and balance. Its pres-
ence is also intended to convey an appreci-
able note of elegance and formality. There
are various ways in which these ends may
be attained and the accompanying illus-
trations will serve to convey some concep-
tion of the diversities of treatmen' which
may be accorded it with advantage in order
to produce a telling effect.

The customary practice in America, in
the 18th and early 19th Centuries, was to
make the Palladian window a central or
even a dominating feature, as may be seen
in the case of the Chase house at Annap-
olis, or else to use two Palladian windows,
one at each end of a faqade, as flanking
features and to balance an imposing cen-
tral entrance. In England, on the other
hand, are to be found numerous instances

On the garden front oj the Chase House, Annapolis, Md., the
Indian window is the central feature. The window is set in an
and supplemented at the bottom with a balustrade

of a much freer use. Both me-
thods are quite justifiable so long
as the ensemble is harmonious and
no fundamental principles of com-
position are violated. It may be
of interest to note that no less a
person than Sir Christopher Wren
did not hesitate to place one Pal-
ladian window directly over an-
other where he wished to produce
a certain kind of emphasis and
where the interior requirements
likewise were best served by such
an expedient.

The Palladian window on the
garden front of the Chase House,
an especially engaging piece of
composition, derives not a little of
its charm from the broad' un-
broken wall surfaces by which it is
surrounded. Every refinement of
detail is thus displayed at its full
value without any distracting in-
fluences to draw the eye elsewhere.
Nothing is more disastrous to a
Palladian window than crowding,
especially if it contains much
elaboration of detail. At Crawley
House, in Bedfordshire, the four
Palladian windows are fortunately
separated by ample wall spaces
and the design is reduced to the
lowest terms, so to speak, all but
the most essential items} being sup-
pressed.

The method of countersinking
the triple window within a framing arch,
which one often sees, not only invites atten-
tion to the details of the window itself but
moreover ensures contrast of planes and
the ever-changing play of light and shadow,
subtle but potent agencies of enhancement.
One of the most ingenious interpretations
of the Palladian motif is seen in the street
front of the Friends' School at York, a
piece of 18th Century work by John Carr.
Without actually using the Palladian motif,
he has contrived to produce its effect by
introducing an arched door within the
portico on the first floor and by using an
arched pediment above the central light of
the window, although in neither case is the
entablature interrupted, as it would be
according to the strict definition of the
Palladian motif.

Amongst the purely informal and do-
mestic adaptations of the Palladian win-
(Continued on page 88)

A rather free and delicate interpreta-
tion of the Palladian motif is found
in this house at Chipping Norton.
The entablatures in the side lights
are omitted

Pal-
arch

June, 1922

In the doorway, the two flanking
bay windows and the window above
the door of this house at Pershore,
Worcestershire, three different Pal-
ladian interpretations are used

(Below) Proper glazing is a requisite
of Palladian windows. Compare the
modern large and ugly panes in the
first floor with the small panes on
the second

A strictly Palladian interpretation is
found on the second floor of this
18th Century house, and, on the
third, a Chinese version, with peaked
middle lights

The rear of Crawley House, Bed-
fordshire, contains four symmetrical-
ly placed Palladian windows, which,
while unusual from the outside, give
the interiors much light

An ingenious applica-
tion of the Palladian
motif to a bay window
is seen in this house at
Buckingham. A ddi -
tional flanking lights
make the window a
five - light composition

House & Garden

Along the en-
trance drive are
broad borders of
iris, with wide
plantings of tulips
behind, and back
of the tulips,
massed peonies.
The varieties are
carefully selected
for color har-
monies

On each side of
the canal that
runs down the
middle of the
vegetable garden
are planted named
varieties of a
hundred sorts.
This shows how
attractive a vege-
table garden can
be made

June, 192 2

The cottage and Darwin tulips are far
different in effect from the old-
fashioned bedding types. They have a
certain grace and airiness that puts
them in admirable accord mV/j the
sunlit charm of May

Tulips ma\ be planted formally or in irregular drifts or shoals. The

formal planting requires, a formal setting; for such a country house

as this an informal scattering is desirable

TULIPS IN THE GARDEN OF
H. G. HASKELL, AT COSSART, PA.

\\'herc the planting is extensive, let
there be a grassy pathway wandering
through it. The quality of May-
flowering tulips is such that it bears
close contact as veil as more distant
attention

House & Garden

From n shaded corner of one oj the intermediate terraces,
with its coal fountain and marble figure glistening in the
sun, its fragrant orange and lemon trees, set in huge pots,

one has a view over the rolling Tuscan landscape, across

the villa-studded countrysidt with its wealth oj contrasting

colors to the skvline lost in haze

A TERRACED GARDEN IN TUSCANY

The Garden of the Villa Passerini-Bartolommei near Florence Is a

Succession of Varying Levels
\

ROBERT M. CARRERE and MORGAN HEISKELL

THE old Italian masters of the land-
scaping art knew well the value of vary-
ing levels in a garden. Broken slopes
and steep hillsides only challenged their
ingenuity. They terraced the
slopes, supporting them with
retaining walls and capped
them with balustrades. Even
in the fairly flat districts
they planned their gardens
in such a manner as to avoid
the monotony of one vast,
unbroken level space.

There were distinct artistic
reasons for creating these
different levels. \Yith them
it was possible for a garden
to afford delightful con-
trasts; passing from one
level to another has all the
element of surprise and
changing interest that one
gets in passing from one
room to another in a vast
and beautiful house. More-
over, the terraces provided
the requisite level spaces for

layouts of formal character, and the retaining
walls, stairs and other garden structures af-
forded opportunity for the creation of decor-
ative garden architecture.

The gardeners of this time usually showed
the influence of Classicism in their designs.
There was no effort made to copy the con-
fusion and tangled disorder of Nature. In
fact, their ideal for a garden
was quite the opposite. This
formal, architectural charac-
ter of the gardens that re-
main stands in sharp con-
trast with the naturalistic
planting that has become so
popular in England and
America today. The Italian
garden was an extension of
the house. The same sort of
architecture served for both,
thus giving harmonious unity
to the entire development. As
in all countries where one
can live comfortably out of
doors, the Italian garden is

The house is typical of the
moderate size Tuscan villa
built into the terraces on
the hillside of the Arcetri.
One approaches it through
this avenue of potted trees

June, 1922

- —
.1

oppor-
tunity for the develop-
ment of a formal gar-
den. On this terrace
there are broad, box-
edged walks with pot-
ted trees for accent

a supplementary house,
a house with al fresco
rooms walled in and yet
commanding views of the
outer world.

These two facts — the
varying levels and the
architecture — must be un-
derstood if one is to grasp
the great beauty of the
terraced Tuscany garden
shown here, the garden of
the Villa Passerini-Bar-
tolommei, near Florence.

The very nature of the
countryside in the beautiful
valley of the Arno around
Florence abounds in nat-
ural garden sites. On the
abrupt slopes of Arcetri,
with its unsurpassed view-
ever the historic city that
has been the birthplace of
so much of the world's
romance and art, Nature
has to be aided by the
construction of terraces,
without which there would
not be sufficient level space
to satisfy the Italians' love
cf formal gardens. The
entire hillside is a succes-
sion of terraces formed by

The top garden terrace
commands this view
over the valley of the
Arno and the domes
and towers of incom-
p ar able Florence at
one's feet

high retaining walls that
not only hold back the soil
but form a decorative sup-
port for festoons of flower-
ing vines, climbing roses
and fruit trees espaliered in
a variety of amazing pat-
terns.

There is always a con-
siderable difference of level
between these terraces,
necessitated by the steep-
ness of the hillside and the
desire to have an unob-
structed view over the trees
of the terrace below. This
difference in levels has
been one of the chief causes
for the successful develop-
ment of the garden stair-
ways in Italy. There are,
of course, the magnificent
triumphs of architectural
and sculptural skill in the
show gardens of the great
villas that every one knows,
with their statues, cascades
and complicated plans, but
even in the smaller and
more modest gardens there
are always to be found
stairways of surprising in-
dividuality and charm.

Rons e>- & G a r J

Cray -green ivy
leaves on a pah-
gray and w // it e
background makes
an ideal paper for
u hall. 7?c a roll

«• ft

Quaint Chinese fig-
ures in deep rose
and blue are dec-
orative against a
ground of pale buff.
&2 a roll

.-I room needs very little ebe in the way of decoration if the walls are hung with so
attractive a scenic paper as the Isold Bella that tells its tropical story in a series of
enchanting colors. In the mini! above, the woodwork is painted pale green. Gertrude

Brooki- was the decorator

The paper above is very deli-
cate and would be charming
in a bedroom. Pale blue or
pink ground, design in white
$2

Border in laven-
der, pink or
green, 25r a yd.
Bowknots. 30c
each

.1 border like an
old valance
comes it: blue,
green or laven-
der. 5 Of u \ard

X.XX.XX.XXx'xx'/\V -/ x'

»>

•I

I '

(Left) Exquisite
French hand-
blocked paper.
White ground, de-
sign in very pale
pink and blue .S3

An early Victor-
ian paper has a
tufted gray back-
ground with blue
cord and tassel
design SS

...

S <x ' ^ /.\ /"x /\x \V \V\V\V \> \x\V\.1
O* O/.x ''.x^.x /.xx.xVx'x xx \'x\V \'x \'x
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x.\X\ xxx.xVxx x xx xx'x \V\V\v x'x xx
xx.x x,xx.xx.xx.xx.xx,xxx'xx*xx'xx'x x'x x'
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......

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The stiff diamond pattern
above is very quaint and ef-
fective. In white on a rose
or soft green ground, $1 a
roll

OLD-FASHIONED WALL PAPERS

I i'/ii'i /'i nia.v (if furclwscil through the House fr Garden

Shopping Service, 19 JI'i-^/ 44^ft Street, A'cjc )'or* Ci/v.

(fa// /'fl/rr r0//s contain eight \artls

Very lovely for a country
house bedroom is this old
time paper that has a bug
ground, blue stripes and deep
pink flowers, SI. SO

fl« oW valentine is this
paper with its waving gray
lines, stripes in blue or green
and flowers in pale nastur-
tium shades, S2

June , 192 2

A LITTLE PORTFOLIO OF GOOD INTERIORS

r/ic austerity oj
the early Italian
style has been re-
produced in the
living room in the
.Veil1 York apart-
ment of Robert
B. Bowler. Rough
yellow piaster
walls wide oak
ft o o r boards, n
cupboard b o o k-
case. wrought iron
and pieces oj the
period are ele-
ments in the crea-
tion oj this room

For contrast, is
this French living
room in the New
York apartment
oj Mrs. Fal dc
Saint Phalle. Pas-
tel shades are
used — ivory pan-
eled walls, hang-
ings of rose faille,
a chaise longiie in
pale green taffeta,
chairs in petit
point, sofa in yet-
low brocade and
a carpet oj pale
gray

House & Garden

Hrwitt

The solarium on the roof of the New York
home of Thomas W. Lament has been dec-
orated and furnished in a manner that is con-
stantly reminiscent of the country. At one
side is a fireplace made of three rough gray-
stone slabs. A brick chair rail and baseboard
run around the room, enclosing a low plain
plaster wainscot. The floor is of flat flagstone.'!
covered with fibre rugs. Reed furniture, Lan-
cashire chairs and a gate-leg table, chosen and
arranged for comfort, are disposed about the
room. Walker & Gillette, architects

The great beauty of the room lies in the
mural decorations by Warren Davis. On a
pale gold background have been painted
birch trees and foliage in greens, violets and
blues. The delicate dancing figures that give
the room a constant air of spring, are in these
same soft tones. The rest of the room har-
monizes with this color scheme. The reed
furniture, for example, is pale green uphol-
stered in maroon taffeta shot with gold. The
bricks of the chair rail and baseboard are
stained violet, through which the red shows

June, 1922

As this room is often used for breakfast and
luncheon, even for business conferences, there
is a table at one end, a convenient gate-leg
table with rush-bottom, Lancashire chairs ac-
companying it. The dark wood of these pieces
makes a contrasting note with the other colors
in the room. To harmonize with the murals
the woodwork has been painted, a darker
shade of gold than the walls. The grill over
the radiator is painted dull green and the corn
colored silk curtains filter the light to a golden
glow. Plants stand on the radiator covers

The color effects of the room have been care-
fully studied by the artist, and nothing is per-
mitted to disorganize the scheme. The light
from outside, at some times of the day, is re-
flected from surrounding brick walls and comes
into the room a distinct violet, which tones
perfectly with the violets in the mural decora-
tions. Mirror glass in the small side window
of one of the corners repeats the painting on
the adjoining wall. The simplicity of the fur-
nishing also helps to give the murals the
prominence they deserve

House &• Card c n

SMALL COUNTRY HOUSE IN THE COTSWOLDS

This 17th Century Design, Influenced by Classical Traditions Which Were Then New,
Is Xow Remodeled and Enlarged in the Ancient Style

H. D. EBERLEIN

WYCHYVOOD, at Broadway in Worces-
tershire, presents us with the spectacle
of an old house, interesting in its own
right to begin with, restored and enlarged in a
sympathetic and consistent manner so that its
pristine interest is enhanced by the transforma-
tion. It was built during the second half of
the 17th Century when the fame of Inigo [ones
and Sir Christopher \Yren had penetrated to
the Cotswolds and impressed the imagination of
the local artisan or of his employer.

The house as it stood before restoration con-
sisted of the rectangular
mass, now constituting the
main portion of the road
front, and an ell projection
back of it. The other parts
were added when the dwell-
ing was restored a year or
two ago.

\\ychwood, like all its
fellows, was built of the na-
tive Cotswohl stone a n d
roofed with stone tiles.
There compliance with the
long-established local tradi-
tion ended, at least so far
as the road front was con-
cerned. Bent on pursuing
the new mode, the builder
carried the old Gothic drip-
stone molding all the way
across the front as a belt
course between the first and
secom! floors. He also

placed it in such a position that it gave the
second floor externally a fictitious apj>earance
of height which, in reality, it did not possess
inside, thereby emulating the Italian notion of
the basement with the piano iwbile above. It
is illuminating to follow the process of Classic
adaptation employed by this untutored local
builder.

Still intent upon the new style influence, he
spaced his windows symmetrically, abandoning
the old range of mullioned casements and using
taller, narrower openings divided vertically by

one stone mullion, an approximation to the
croiste fcnetrc type that had already been used
in a great house not many miles distant. Next
he added dormers which he topped with the
characteristic and time-honored Cotswold ball
finial.

\Yhen this native builder came to the sides
and back he reverted without any compunction
to the traditional mullioned range of casements
and used roughly squared rubble masonry of
the local sort. The mixture, as it turned out,
was not in the least incongruous. Front and
posterior parts harmonized
admirably.

In the south block, which
is entirely of new construc-
tion and contains a living
room occupying the whole
first floor, the windows of
tlie upper part are of the
same sort as those exhibited
by the old road front while
the first floor windows are
croisees fenttres, thus ful-
filling the original builder's
ideal nearly three hundred
years after his death. The
mullions a n d architraves
are, of course, of Cotswold
stone. In the first floor win-
dows the glass in the divi-
sions above the transoms is
stationary; all the divisions
below the transoms have
casements which open wide.

The living room in
the new wing is furn-
ished v.' i t It English
pieces of the I'th and
18tk Centuries. The
wills arc of white
plaster

Jn the dining room,
the oak refectory
table, dresser and \~ith
Century spindle back
chairs are in keeping
with the Cotsu'old
fireplace

The fireplace in the
living room is made
from native Cotswold
limestone in a tradi-
tional pattern, with a
raised hearth and iron
fire-back

June, 1922

from the garden front can be

seen the new addition. To the

tight is a view of the west end

with its espalier pear tree

The service wing is added to the east of
the main portion of the old house and is so
contrived that while it is readily accessible
for service, it is an unobtrusive member of
the composition. From the road its aspect
is one of modest charm.

One of the most agreeable features of
Wychwood is the ample living room, already
mentioned as occupying the whole ground
floor of the south block, abundantly lighted
by large windows east, west and south, those
on the south commanding the entire garden
and the orchard and hills beyond. On the
north side of the room, directly opposite the

bow window is the fireplace, of a simple but
striking traditional Cotswold design.

In the process of remodeling and enlarge-
ment the architect, Mr. Andrew X. Prentice,
has been careful of the old fabric and per-
fectly sane in the spirit of his amplification.
\Yhile following the precedents afforded him
by the nucleus upon which he had to work,
he has succeeded in creating a thoroughly
comfortable and convenient modem house
and has achieved, by logical and straight-
forward methods, that quality of charm for
which the old structure was conspicuous.

The road front is the old part of
the house, built in the nth Cen-
tury, with many features that
were then new

z Ho u s e & Garden

A SWIMMING POOL IN A CITY GARDEN

The swimming
pool of Freder-
ick J. Flach, at
Cincinnati, Ohio,
is built directly
off the rear
porch steps, the
malls of the
house forming
one side of the
enclosure. Tie-
tig & Lee, arch-
itects; William
Pitkin, Jr. and
Seward H. Molt,
landscape archi-
tects

Walls of native
stone enclose
the pool, the
corners being
elaborated into
shelters between
which is a per-
gola. Vines on
the walls and
prill ar s and
waterside plants
at the pool edge
soften the stone
work with the
colorful relief of
foliage and
flowers

June, 1922

THE ROCK GARDEN
OF AN AMATEUR

RICHARD ROTHE

THE steadily growing desire among home
owners for sharing in the work of ele-
vating the standard of their outdoor
surroundings seems in many respects to be a
most propitious sign of a healthy advance.
Rock gardening especially proves a field allur-
ingly rich in opportunities for the exercise of
personal ingenuity. However, rock gardening
selected as a hobby by a mentally hard-work-
ing home owner does not spell immediate re-
laxation. I have seen it mounted by business
men, financiers, scientists and professional
people and, at the beginning, it usually proved
as capricious as a wild broncho. As a rule, it
takes a nature lover endowed with subtlety of
vision and originality of ideas to tame it, but
once broken, it is apt to carry its master into
a real wonderland of joy.

Much depends upon whether we have been
able to conceive the holiday spirit of nature,
when she is playing along the mountain slopes
or down in the rocky ravine
with its gushing springs
and streams. Moreover, it
proves of the utmost advan-
tage if we study her various
moods when she inaugu-
rates her festive seasons
upon wide ledgy plateaux
in the invigorating atmos-
phere of high altitudes.

A naturally undulating
site traversed by a little
stream made possible the
development of water
features that add im-
measurably to the charm
and atmosphere of the
garden

The rock garden oj Wil-
liam H. Llewellyn, at
Phoenixville, Pa., shows
clearly the influence of
the owner's Japanese
studies, though there is
evident no special pre-
ference for the native
flora of Japan

Witnessing the indescribable
radiance of her floral carnivals
right at the beginning of the
growing period strengthens our
faculty of feeling what com-
binations of trees, shrubs and
flowering herbs apply best in
producing desired effects.

Rock garden building leads
to concentration of thoughts and
energies. We begin our work
with a clear idea in regard to character and
rough outline of the whole and soon learn to
realize the importance of certain details; for
instance, stair work, as a means to heighten
the beauty of the total picture. Engaging in
rockery building as a pastime never leaves a
true devotee without some new and enticing
detail problems in his mind.

As a matter of course, results growing out
of amateur activity are bound to differ widely.
Studying the pictures taken in the rock gar-
den of William H. Llewellyn in Phoenixville,
Pa., enables us to anticipate happy surprises
for the future. They represent an object les-
son of what a connoisseur of the countryside
is apt to accomplish today when he becomes
his own landscape architect.

Mr. Llewellyn had the advantage of an un-
dulating ground formation- to work with. For
(Continued on page 96)

The Japanese influence is particularly
noticeable in the little bridges across the
stream and the stone lanterns placed
here and there. The whole garden
covers an area of about two acres

House & Garden

However crude the ar-
bor, if it is shadowed by
a vine — preferably an
old grapevine with a
twisted stem — then one
has the most desirable
kind of pleasant garden
spot

This old world offers many pleasant places on which to eat. One inav iare
sumptuously off pressed duck on the Quai de la Toiirnelle or dine riotously
with Bohemians in So/to. But there's muck to be said for dining under one's
own vine through a lazy, late summer noon. The air is rich with the heavv
odor of purpling grapes and the aroma of the earth baked in the sun. Across
the table lies a pattern of light and shade. One is fortunate, indeed, to have
such a reposeful spot for dining

With a little ingenuity a
shady spot can be created
even in a city garden.
Here a rear porch made,
possible this lower ter-
race. The foundations
are latticed and in the
farther wall two open-
ings are closed with
grills. This is in the
garden of Mrs. M. L.
Marsh at Chicago

June, 1922

PLEASANT PLACES
IN WHICH TO SIT

Garden Spots of Repose for
Summer Days

Every garden should have its chapel of ease, where
one can sit down and sit still. It may be an arched
terrace, paved with broad flagstones, a part of the
house such as this. It should be furnished with
lounging chairs and well-pillowed couches that are
conducive to repose and it should command such a
view as will please the eye and give out the sense
of peace

The best sort of view is a vista of a garden and
wooded hills. Between the cool shadows of the
spot in which one sits onrf the stretch of lawn and
flower beds outside, between the immediate color and
the distant massing of foliage, lies a world of refresh-
ing contrasts. These two views are from the home
of Philip B. Henry, Scarborough, N. Y. Bertram
G. Goodhue, architect

House & Garden

Mr. Chanter's screens are
highly decorative and de-
serve to be given promi-
nence in the furnishing of a
room. This design has a
^weeping movement that
commands instant attention

SCRHKNS BY
ROBT \V. CHAXLER

Courtf.'y nj thf
KIXGOKK CALLKKIF.S

"Before the Wind'' is the
title of the four-fold screen
shown below — a fleet of pic-
turesque galleons in glowing
colors driven before the
wind through a brilliant,
choppy sea

Jtb^^|»W<|^W<ftW«Hvl>V<VW/t>Vtv*>t-<iv,tv^>^<,>vtv»

A study in cream and brown
is this screen. A forest
foreground filled with bris-
tling porcupines is in fan-
tastic contrast with the
moonlit tranquil background
nj canoes and lovers

The fantasy of Alice in
Wonderland and the exotic
colors of a jungle seem to
be combined in the screen
below. The outstanding fea-
tures are two snow-white.
melanchol\ cranes

June, 1912

THE GARDEN PESTS AS THEY APPEAR

INSECT OR
DISEASE

IDENTIFICATION

WHEN TO LOOK FOR

ATTACKS

CONTROL

IN THE VEGETABLE GARDEN"

Cut -worms

Aphis o- "plant
louse"

Potato beetle
Flea beetle
White grub

Root maggot
Corn borer

Cucumber beetle

Squash b u ;
("stink*' bug;

White fly

Thrip

Asparagus beetle
Melon louse

Onion thrip

Tomato worm
Rust

Mildew

Blight

Leaf spot or rot

Sluggish, fat. brown soil worm. ,\4" to

2" long with stripe along side; works

at night.
Small, green or black, soft bodied flies

about tV" long, congregating in large

numbers.
Common striped beetle or bug l/2" long.

Minute, black, active jumping beetle.

Large, soft, white, repulsive grub or
worm, feeding on roots under ground:
J>" to I1/*" long.

Small white worm or grub % " to I '/'
long.

White, smooth borer, 1" to 1 J4" long.
Second brood in early fall.

Small, very active, black and yellow
striped beetle, i^" or so -long.

Dull black. Hat, very active beetle with
long legs, ofte.ii moving backwards or
sideways when disturbed ; \\" to •}$"
long.

Minute, tenacious, white winged fly.
congregating in large numbers until
disturbed.

\ try minute, cause yellowish appear-
ance or twisted leaves.

Active, yellow spotted bet-tie, J/>" long.

Small green aphis. Sec Aphis.

Minute, active, whitish insert barely
visible to the naked eye, lodging espe-
cially down between leaves.

Large, green horned worm, often sev-
eral inches long.

"Rusting1 ' or yellowing of foliage or
stalks.

Whitish coating or spotting of the- foli-

^ge. spreading rapidly.
Usually a yellowing or spotting uf tin-
leaves, progressing very rapidly.
Spots in leaves, stems, or fruit turning
brown or black.

Through season, mostly April to June,
cutting off young plaiits and seed-
lings. Dig around cut-off plant.

Throughout season, especially- on half-
grnwn plants and in dry weather on
under side of leaves.

Through season, first on earliest sprout-
ing potatoes; three broods.

Mostly in May and June on seedlings;
leaves punctured.

Through season; especially numerous in
newly plowed sod ground and moist
places.

Through season ; first indication wilting
of plants without apparent cause.

Moths appear in May, caterpillars soon
after.

Through season, especially as vines be-
gin to run. and in dry weather.

I'sually appears first late in June, re-
maining until cold weather. Young
hatched from brown eggs on under
side of leaves; resemble large aphis.

through warm season, especially under
dry or overcrowded conditions: prev-
alent in frames or greenhouses.

1 hroughout season, especially on neg-
lected or backward plants. '

June-Atlg.. especially on new growth.

Throughout season, usually first in May
or June; leaves curl up abnormally.

Through season, especially June to Au-
gust; onion tops twisted and curled.
^ prematurely yellow.

From mid -summer to early fall ; strips
foliage clean, conspicuous inroads.

Through season, especially late June to
August.

Favoring conditions same as for blight;

also crowded foliage.
Throughout season, especially in muggy

weather and low. closed places.
Phroughout season, especially in warm

\veathrr after rainy spells.

Especially cabbage,
cauliflower and to-
mato plants.

Cabbage., cauliflower,
lettuce, peas. etc.

Potatoes, egg - plants,
tomatoes.

Potatoes, tomato, cab-
bage group, turnips.

Strawberries especial-
ly; also corn, po-
tatoes, etc.

Onions, cabbage, cau-
liflower, turnips, etc.

Corn. chard, beets,
etc. Lives over oh
burdock, etc.

Cucumbers, melons
and vine crops.

Squash, pumpkins
and other vim-
crops.

To ma to. cucumber.

Onions and leeks.

Asparagus foliage.

Melons, cucumbers
and other curcu-
bits; strawberries.

Onions ami leeks.

Tomato and tobacco
mostly.

Various vegetables,
especially celery,
beans, asparagus.

Cucumbers, melons,
lima beans, etc.

Potatoes, beans, cel-
ery, cucumber, etc.

Tomatoes, beans and
many others.

Poison bait before planting, and give plants pro-
tection with 4" paper bands 1" in soil; also hand
picking.

Contact spray, two or three applications, at inter-
vals of a week or ten days, especially against
under side of foliage, and on folding leaves.

Spray or dust with arsenate of lead or Paris green;
hand picked from egg-plant.

Bordeaux mixture and arsenate of lead; tobacco
dust on seedlings.

Plowing late in fall ; summer following ; trapping
adults (May beetles); destroying grubs and re-
setting affected plants.

Protect cabbage group with tarred paper guards;
poison paper for adult flies before laying eggs;
r burn infested plants.

Keep garden surroundings clean; burn old stalks,
weeds, etc.. in fall.

Arsenate of lead with Bordeaux mixture. Screen
young plants and sprinkle with tobacco dust.

Trap old bugs under shingles and destroy; spray
young with nicotine or kerosene emulsion; screen
young plants.

Spray with nicotine or kerosene emulsion for
young, which resemble lice on under sides of
leaves; tobacco dust as a repellent.

Thorough, forceful spraying with kerosene emul-
sion or with nicotine.

Arsenate of lead; cut and burn stalks in fall.

Carefully remove, bury or burn infested parts of
plants: spray as for aphis.

Nicotine spray forcibly applied; kerosene emulsion.

Arsenate of lead; hand picking into can or pail,
and late fall plowing.

Avoid working when foliage is wet: successive
sprayings with Bordeaux. On maturing celery
use ammoniacal solution of copper carbonate.

Spray with Bordeaux every week or ten days.

Spray with Bordeaux at rr before first signs and

repeat frequently to keep all growth covered.
Bordeaux mixture, removing surplus foliage, and
n the ca;,e of fruits that touch.

IX THE FRUIT GARDEN"

Scale, San Jose Minute. ; cllowish, sucking insects cov-

ered with small shell or scale, the size
of a pin -head ; presence indicated by
gray scurvy appearance of bark, and
minute red rimmed spots on fruit.

Scale, oyster shell Dark brown scale like elongated oyster
shell about }•$" in length, the young
resembling active whitish lice.

Apple aphis Bright green aphis.

Scab, apple Causes dark colored spots on leaves or

fruit.

'aterpillar. tent Striped caterpillars in large masses in
webs or "tents."

Bud moth Light brown caterpillar, head and legs

dark.

Currant worm Green worm with black spots about 1"

long.

Coddling moth The "mother" of wormy- apples: moth is

small and chocolate colored ; worm
hatches on the outside, usually in blos-
som end. and eats in; about I '_>" long.

( anker worm A "measuring worm," 1" or more in

length.

Blister mite Small mite causing leaf blisters turning

from light green to red and brown
Small, grayish beetle. A" to about J4"
long. Back mottled black and white;
has a conspicuous "snout."

Leaf hopper Small, slim, yellowish hoppers with blunt

heads.

Rot, black Fruits turn purplish brown and become

shriveled.

Throughput season ; multiplies with ex-
traordinary rapidity.

Throughout season, young hatching in
May or early J une.

Throughout season, especially on the
sides of ne\\ leave*.

Throughout season, spreads most dur-
ing spring.

Early in spring : "tents" at first in-
conspicuous, gradually enlarged.

Karly in spring before buds open.

Before blossoms open, usually first on

lower leaves.
In spring and early summer.

May and June.
Throughout season.

In early summer when fruits are be-
ginning to form ; another generation
in August.

Through season, indicated by leaves
turning brown and drying up; "hop-
pers" working on the under side.

Summer : especially after wet weather
and where tall weeds or grass are left
near the vines.

Apple and other fruit
trees.

Apples. peaches,

plums.
Apple and pear.

Apple. cherry, and
other trees.

Especially apple buds.

Currant and goose-
berry.
Apple.

Apple.

Pear and apple.

Injures young fruits
by puncturing them
to eat and lay eggs;
apples, peach, plum.

Apple and grapes.

Grapes.

Dormant sprays in early spring or fall, using lime
sulphur, miscible oil or kerosene emulsion.

Same as for San Jose; also nicotine or kerosene
emulsion as soon as young hatch.

Dormant spray before leaves come out; nicotine

spray on young foliage.
Spray with lime sulphur before blossoms open.

after blossoms fall, and two weeks later; burn

leaves and twigs in fall.
Destroy egg masses in winter: wipe out tents as

soon as visible with kerosene smudge in spring.

Arsenate of lead spray for matured worms.
Arsenate of lead when leaves appear, before buds

open.
Spray with arsenate of lead until fruit forms;

after that, hellebore.
Spray with arsenatt- of lead just before petals fall.

before calyx closes; ten days later and again in

about four weeks; band trunks during July.

Arsenate of lead, when worms appear; band trunks
in March or early April.

Strong miscible oil or kerosene emulsion spray :
just before leaves come out and again in fall.

Spray with lime sulphur and strong arsenate of
lead; for best results jar trees every cool morn-
ing, and catch beetles on sheet spread beneath.

Spray under side of leaves with strong kerosene
emulsion.

Spray with Bordeaux till mid-July; then ammoni-
acal solution copper carbonate: for few vines
bunches may he covered with paper bags; dor-
mant spray with lime sulphur or miscible oil :
gather fallen fruit and burn.

IN THE FLOWER GARDEN

Aphis (plant Similar to those attacking vegetables
louse) described above.

Mealy bug Small, soft-bodied insect covered with

small cotton-like sprcks.

Rose beetle Yellowish, active, crawling beetle Yz"

or more long with long hooked legs.

Leaf spot; rust See above.

Mildew Powdery, dirty white deposit on leaves.

Aster beetle ' Active, long-legged beetle, y3" to $4"

in length, eating flowers and foliage.

See aphis above. Where foliage is thick,
in axils of leaves or growing tips.

Congregate in leaf axils throughout sea-
son ; most likely on neglected plants
in frames or on porches.

Throughout season, especially May to
July, when plants are in bloom.

Throughout season.

Through season, especially after sudden
changes in temperature.

Appears in numbers, August and Sep-
tember.

Roses, sweet peas and
most soft-wooded
plants.

Soft-wooded plants
and new growth on
some hard-wooded
plants such as
fuchsias.

Roses mostly.

Asters, carnations, etc.
Roses and some

others.
Asters preferably, and

some other flowers.

Nicotine spray; kerosene emulsion.

Nicotine spray or paint with strong kerosene emul-
sion, alcohol.

Arsenate of lead or Paris green extra strong; new
patent spray widely advertised; hand picking
into kerosene and water also effective.

Spray with Bordeaux. Keep new growth covered.

Prune infected parts; dust with flowers of sul-
phur; thin sufficiently for free circulation of air.

Strong arsenate of lead spray; knock bugs in early
morning into can of kerosene and water.

H o u i e & Garden

Taffeta covers
edged with
fringe and pil-
lows of taffeta
and lace give an
air of elegance to
this bedroom,
designed by
C h a mb erl in
Dodds

ORE

I N G

T H

The Spirit of Repose in a Chamber Is Created by Harmony Between Spreads and Pillows

and the Other Decorative Accessories

HANNA TACHAU

OF all the rooms in the house, the bed-
chamber expresses the individuality of
its occupant more explicitly than any
other. Here a woman feels free to satisfy her
tastes and whimsies and to reveal the inti-
macies that are so real a part of herself. It
is her own particular sanc-
tum where she ma}- go for
rest and quiet; and she has
learned that perfect repose
can test be achieved among
harmonious surroundings.

Although man had the
vision to create the palace
and stately mansion, with
great ceremonial rooms,
much of their human qual-
ity was devised by woman,
who even in early days
managed to contrive little
retreats — appartements in-
time — where she could cast
formality aside and fear-
lessly attain the comforts
that lesser splendors bring.
And so today in our more
democratic mode of living.
Every woman has the de-
sire for happy, beautiful
surroundings and, as her

desire grows, it is made even more possible daring of Peruvian textiles, the time-honored
of accomplishment. Though her purse be patterns of England and P'rance, not to speak
slim, she has all the wonders of the old of the restless, bizarre effects of many present-
and new world to choose from. The ex- day productions — all of these are available.
quisite designs of Persia, the fantastic con- And through her own ingenuity she may
ceits of China and Japan, the primitive choose these silks and cottons and linens, and

fashion them into the
dainty things that give her
room both individuality
and charm.

In furnishing the bed-
room, after the basic points
of decoration — the walls,
floors, ceilings, windows —
have been dealt with, the
next most important factor
is the bed, which is the
dominating feature of the
room. In olden days it
was raised upon a dais en-
veloped in trappings and
curtains of the richest tap-
estry, velvets and silks. \Ve
now have different notions
of hygiene and a different

For a day-bed, the cover
and pillows may be of
striped taffeta simply
made. Chamberlin
Dodds, decorator

June, 1922

way of living. Our problem is to attain
beauty through simplicity, through suitability,
through practicality. And we have devised in-
genious ways of combining all these qualities
with our modern love of cleanliness.

The bed at once announces the character of
the room — not only through the particular
type or period to which it owes its origin but
by the way it is dressed. So many women who
furnish their bedrooms without the assistance
of a decorator lose out in this detail. Time
was, when a white pique or an elaborate lace
bed-spread was the last word in a bed cover-
ing. Now that we are awakening to keener
decorative appreciation, we know that it is
essential that every detail
be properly handled to ac-
complish any attempt at
harmonious unity.

The great four-post beds
of our ancestors, with their
delightful hangings of
muslin or chintz, immedi-
ately conjure up visions of
large rooms, rather austere
in their stateliness. If we
should now attempt to
utilize one of these old
Colonial l)eds, however
proud we may be of its
possession, it would, in all
probability, overflow our
rooms of lesser dimensions
or dwarf all other articles

On a simple painted bed
one may use a cover of
unbleached muslin
worked in tied knots.
Erskine-Danjorth Co.

of furniture. However, our furniture-makers
are adapting these beautiful old types to mod-
ern needs, making them of lighter build and
designing them along slenderer lines, so that
they are entirely compatible with old chests
of drawers and high-boys that we may be for-
tunate enough to own.

One of the rooms shown contains a modern
Colonial bed with curtains and bed flouncings
of net edged with a knotted fringe, that can be
easily washed. The bed cover is of chintz,
delightful in its fanciful design that was so
characteristic of these early prints. The same
idea is carried out in the window draperies
where simple net curtains are used with only

The gray cottage
beds have covers
of rose linen and
rose and blue
linen pillows.
Courtesy of the
Erskine - D a n -
forth Co.

a deep valance of chintz and no over-dra-
peries. This is particularly good for a bed-
room where light and sunshine are at a
premium. Any woman who is clever with her
needle can carry out this scheme at small
expense.

The 18th Century proclaimed a new note in
house decoration which is still well suited to
our ideas of hygiene and modern living. The
bedroom is no longer used as a salon, as it
was as late as the 17th Century. It has now
taken on the true character of a sleeping
apartment. We can now see that many of the
supposed vagaries of house furnishing —
"whims of fashion" as they were termed, were
truly founded on practical
requirements. The petit
appartcmcnt naturally re-
quired lighter stuffs than
did the earlier rooms of
parade, and the artists of
the day, so alive to the
beauties of proportion and
to a feeling for color and
fitness, brought about a
change in decoration.

Gay cotton stuffs, im-
ported from the East, found
a vogue. This led finally
to the establishment of a
manufactory at Jouy where
the French toiles soon su-
perseded the foreign cot-
tons and linens. Not only
do we still use adaptations
and reproductions of these
and many other of the
early hand-blocked prints,
(Continued on page 90)

House & Garden

METAL LATH FOR PERMANENT CONSTRUCTION

When Properly Used Metal Lath Can Help Insure Against Fire or Dampness
and Make the House Impervious to Heat and Cold

HENRY COMPTON

IT is really far more im-
portant to create your
home than to inherit it
or buy it. What can be more
fundamentally fascinating
(except, perhaps, making a
garden) than to plan your
house, watch its construction
and make sure that it is
growing up wisely and beau-
tifully! Not that you intend
to dash around, trying to
superintend the architect and
builder, and irritating both.
But you can learn to work
with them, understand them,
even to appreciate them. And
gradually, with a real knowl-
edge of architecture, con-
struction and building ma-
terials, houses with cracked plaster, damp
rooms, smoking flues will vanish out of archi-
tectural history.

There are ways of starting a house on the
right road, and one of them is to make it fire-
proof from the cellar up. To suit this genera-
tion, a house must be a permanent structure,
practical in every detail. It must also be
attractive in design and luxurious in fitting.
There are several methods of solving the prob-
lems of fire, smoke and dampness, and one of
the most satisfactory is a metal lath construc-
tion, not only for the exterior walls, but for
floors, ceilings and partitions.

Very fine old houses are still in existence
that have been built of wood lath, some that
were not even furred ; but today we would
not think of using a wood lath without furring,
and even with metal lath construction, the
extra safeguard of furring and sheathing is
introduced. We insist upon safeguarding our
health these days, we like our builders to hold
out a guarantee that in our home we are going
to escape most of the constructional ills that,
in the past, houses have been heir to.

There is very little more expense in wise
building than in careless construction. Metal
lath in our walls, floors and ceilings gives us
almost a complete sense of security, and is in
no wise a mysterious and difficult material to
handle. There are certain rules in building
with metal lath, and if these are obeyed there
is no possibility of its not fulfilling its purpose.
Properly used in the making of walls, it will
not burn, swell, shrink or warp, and thus it
protects us against fire and dampness as well
as heat and cold.

Metal lath is made from steel sheets which
are expanded and punched to form holes. It
also comes in the form of a square-mesh wire
cloth. The sheets of punched steel or wire
mesh are nailed on wooden studs attached to
the framework of the house. 'As these sheets
come from 8' to 10' long, they are put on much

To be satisfactorily finished, <i

metal lath outside wall requires a

back, a scratch, a second and

finish coats of plaster

As a precaution against fire, fill

the hollows between joists with

metal lith baskets of fireproofing

material

more quickly than the old wooden lath. Each
sheet is fastened to a stud by nailing or sta-
pling every 6". The sheets are lapped not less
than ''!•" on the width and 1 " on supports.

On this web of steel the plaster is troweled,
readily finding its way through the mesh, and
clinching itself at the back so that each open-
ins; becomes a concrete key as it hardens, lock-
ing the plaster to the metal lath. Where

Metal l^th £e»y€r«mfint at
an<*l«y to prevent cracking of Plaster

Where wood lath is used, the corners
may be supplemented with metal lath
to prevent the cracking of the plaster

furring is not an integral
part of the metal lath, furring
strips should, of course, be
placed on the studs as an
additional protection from
dampness.

The difference in expense
between metal and wood lath
is mainly due to the fact that
metal lath requires three
coats of plaster and wooden
lath but two. The metal
substance, not being as stiff
as wood, sags under the pres-
sure of the trowel and must
be stiffened by an evening
plaster coat. Some varieties
of metal lath are strengthened
by ribs, which obviates the
necessity of the evening ;oat.
Metal lath must, of course, be built into the
actual construction. It cannot be added after-
ward unless the entire wall and ceilings are
removed. Tests by the U. S. Building of
Standards prove convincingly that new stucco
buildings should also be back plastered.

Fire-stop]) ing is most imperative in the first
stages of planning house construction, yet it
is often neglected. It is advisable to include
a clause in the lather's contract specifying the
installation of metal lath at the juncture of
floor joist and walls, so bent that it forms
baskets, which are filled with incombustible
material, preventing hollow walls and floors
from becoming flues to carry fire.

With all its virtues, metal lath cannot rise
superior to faulty construction in foundations
and walls.

In studying the drawing accompanying this
article, you will notice that sheathing lx>ards
have been entirely omitted, as they are not al-
ways considered necessary when metal lath is
back plastered. However, sheathing boards
under metal lath are still considered a wise pre-
caution by many expert builders. Or building
paper may be attached directly to the studding.
Many architects who are authority on build-
ing feel that stucco should not be run to grade.
Xot only is there danger from frost, but the
bottom of the walls will tend to Income stained
from dirt and moisture. Attention to the flash-
ing and drips will also eliminate discoloration
or even more serious defects. Where down-
spouts are installed, they should be at least 2"
from the surface of the finish. Window sills
should project well over the stucco to allow
water to drip without running down the face,
and the ends of the sills should be stopped by
pieces of metal so as to prevent concentration
of dripping over the ends.

To prevent unequal settlement of the build-
ing, it is essential that the footings for the
foundation be made wide enough and be care-
(Continued on page 82)

June, 1922

A GROUP OF FOUR
SMALL HOUSES

The gainbrel roof, or Dutch Colonial
type of house, permits a number of
variations. In the home of Frederick
Cooke, Tenafly, N. J '., the extension of
the roof to cover an arcaded porch and
the range of windows above are unusual

Though economically arranged, tlie rooms
are very livable. A sitting room in an ex-
tension adds to the living area. Center
stairs of the reverse type save hall space.
R. C. Hunter & Bra., architects

Another variation of the Dutch Colonial
is found :n the home of Fred D. Oakley,
Terre Haute, Ind. Here the middle up-
per window is advanced and the other
two recessed. A wide roof overhang
covers the terrace

Into a balanced disposition of rooms
has been introduced such features as a
semi-circular stairs, a den in the rear
and a compact and convenient arrange-
ment of the service. Johnson, Miller &
Miller, architects

House & Garden

In building the home of
Miss Mary McKelvie, at
Spuyten Duyvil, N. Y., the
architect used available ma-
terials in a natural way.
There is no coloring added
to the stucco, no stain on
the shingles and very little
stain on the woodwork

The east elevation shows an
overhanging bay at the cor-
ner. Definite color notes
are found in the brick win-
dow sills and terra cotta
chimney pats. The shin-
gles of the roof are laid ir-
regularly and without the
usual sharp metal valleys

The first floor plan is the ac-
ceptable style for a small
house, a middle hallway
with living room on one
side and the dining room
and service on the other.
Large windows with steel
casements and leaded panes
afford an abundance of light

The problem in designing
the house was to give a rec-
tangular building an inter-
esting form without wasting
any floor space. A com-
pact but livable disposition
of the rooms on the second
floor shows this to be suc-
cessfully accomplished

June , 1922

A dignified Colonial treatment has been given this house in St. Joseph,

Missouri. In addition to the beauty of its lines, it is fortunate in the

gates and gate posts, and the development of the grounds. Eckel &

Aldrich, architects

The plan is given balance on
the first floor by a long
porch and a service addition
which extend far enough to
enclose the terrace on each
end. Upstairs there are two
suites and a single chamber.
Servants' rooms are found
on the third floor

French doors open from the
living and dining rooms on
to the rear terrace. They
are repeated in the glass
doors of the loggia and the
porch. The roof lines on
this rear elevation and the
simple Palladian window
have pleasing merit

RETAINING WALLS IN THE LANDSCAPE SCHEME

| A Garden Adjunct that Simplifies Planting on Difficult Sites and Is in

Itself a Feature of Intrinsic Beauty
NATHANIEL E. SLAYMAKER

FEW of us who have a
retaining wall on our
premises realize what an an-
cient lineage and pedigree such
a garden wall possesses. They
never lor a moment connect
their recently acquired outdoor
adornment with the flanging
Gardens of Babylon or the
vineyard terraces of Old Jeru-
salem, about which, if in no
other way, we at least learned
from our Sunday school pic-
ture cards, in days long gone.

But the Babylonian gardens,

accounted one of the seven

wonders of the world, were

only an ascending series of

superimposed retaining-walls.

overhung with the loveliest

and rarest of oriental flower-
ing vines, creating an effect

that seen from a distance was

likened to a gigantic Turkish

rug suspended from the azure

skies, in a blazing sun. Egypt.

too, made her contribution of

hanging gardens, as they liked

to call them, to say nothing of

those in old India that ante-
date the Syrian walls many

hundreds of years. Then there are those of
old China and Japan. Many instances of such
walls can be seen and enjoyed and marvelled
at even to this day in Syria, India, Japan

Local sand-
stone in. vary-
ing shades,
topped by
flowering
shrubs droop-
ing over a
picket fence,
forms a retain-
ing and garden
wall

In a naturally
nigged coun-
try the retain-
ing wall may
be of boulders
so laid as to
provide cran-
nies and cre-
I'ices for hardv
flowering
plants

use and beau

Traveling
astounded at
(C

In relatively more modern
times we find ancestors of our
present day retaining walls in
Italian gardens, especially, but
also to some extent in France
and less so in England. The
reason for this, while quite
obvious, may nevertheless stand
explanation. It is a topo-
graphical reason that such
walls were built, primarily be-
cause they were needed, and
the need was caused by the
topography or surface shapes
and forms of the land where
the gardens were laid out. Now
Italy is pre-eminently a land
of mountains and hill country
and many of the towns and
cities are so-called hill towns.
This, coupled with the fact
that Italians are an outdoor
folk and lovers of gardens,
naturally brought about the
abundant use of terraces and
retaining walls to hold the
terraces up. It was a logical
step, for only by means of such
walls could the people dwell
on hillsides and yet have cul-
tivable lands about them, for
ty, too.

about through Italy, one is
the prevalence of such walls
'outinni'd on p<iqe 92)

The problem
of incorpor-
ating steps in
a retaining
wall is well
solved here,
•where the
whole arrange-
ment is simple
and unadorned
and blends
easily into the
grassy slope at
one side

June, 1922

TINWARE, RUBBER and PAPER for the KITCHEN

Incidental Articles that Help to Complete the Equipment and Lessen the
Little Inconveniences and Annoyances

TIN is one of the oldest metals in the
world. The ancient Greeks and the an-
cient Hebrews made mention of it fre-
quently.

Before the advent of the aluminum and en-
amels, agates, granites, glass, etc., tin was used
extensively in the kitchen, but now the cooking
utensil is very rarely tin — and rightly so.

However, tin still remains a good thing for
certain utensils in the home and is well worth
employing in many ways.

Everything made of tin today is but steel or
iron dipped and coated with tin. Tin melts at
. a comparatively low temperature and is. besides,
affected by acids. This is why bakinsi. stew-
ing, etc., are not to be done with tin utensils
— plus acid food. The dark rings on baked
apples cooked in a tin dish show very plainly
what acid and tin do in combination. Yet we
have had delicious chicken pie baked in indi-
vidual tin dishes.

In buying tin the criterion is its weight. It
is wise to buy tinware only in the best shops,
because small and out-of-the-way hardware
shops can rarely afford to keep on hand the
best grades.

Tinware should, of course, adhere closely to
the lines of all other utensils in that it must
be smooth with no rough globules or edges.
and without seams (which might catch food or
dust particles to create an aftermath difficult
to rectify).

When cleaning tinware, place the utensil to
be cleaned in hot water and soda. Never keep
the utensil more than five minutes in the water
because the tin will dissolve a little as the heat
and soda meet, and though this will disinte-
grate the grease it will make the iron or steel
'base show through. Rub the utensil with a
fine powder like whiting, rinse hot, and dry
-while hot. Tin will rust, so it is best to dry
•while the tin is hot.

Among the most useful and jaunty things in
tin is the so-called japanned ware, which is but
painted tin.

Bread and cake boxes come in different
•colors, with and without shelves, sliding doors
and in varying fastenings to suit your fancy.
These are light and easier to manage than the
shiny metallic ones and easier to clean out than
wooden ones. Some have removable shelves,
which adds to the joy of rations.

The less expensive tin cake cutters in their
multitudinous designs are very inexpensive and
good tools. The}' are keen cutting and light
and durable.

ALVANIZED ware is usually steel or
iron treated to a special finish of tin.
Some of the things in this material are
most useful and necessary — for example the
refrigerator drain pan, garbage pail and ash
•can. These are extra heavy and withstand
-wear and jouncing.

ETHEL R. PEYSER

For the less elaborate kitchen the tin muffin
pans, funnels and pie plates are useful, yet not
as good as other kitchen ware materials such
as aluminum, enamels and glass.

The ideal Christmas tree holder which keeps
the tree fresh for months on account of its sim-
ple reservoir for water is something well worth
knowing about. It holds the tree very steady
and is japanned in a dull green.

For country or suburban homes the outdoor
incinerator (a perforated tinned container) per-
mits the burning of rubbish without danger
from Wowing cinders. Of course, this is not
meant to burn fats and animal refuse. Incin-
erators of another order are necessary for this.

The copper bottom wash boilers whose num-
bers and designs are legion are extremely good
and much in use. as they are light in weight
and durable. Remember the finest boilers and
washers, copper lined, are of planished tin.

The galvanized coal scuttle, flour bin — jap-
anned or plain heavy tin — is not a pariah even
yet.

There are some householders who have tin-
ware left over from the past. To these, we can
say: as they die out, replace them with better,
if you care to. but be loyal to what you have
used if they have served.

O one recommends tin today for cookery
when there are on the market more ideal
cooking utensils, but what we do wish to
convey to you in this article is that tin has
legitimate uses.

For example, there are spice, sugar, coffee,
etc. canisters in white enamel tin. brown, black,
etc. with gold lines. These are not as autocratic
as the blue and white china, but they will out-
last any such delightful and much to be desired
shelf trousseau. A kitchen in white with white
enameled tin containers is a very pretty thing
to contemplate.

Some of the heavier tinware, as we said
above, is but iron or steel dipped in tin and, of
course, is very resistant and enduring and not
particularly cheap.

Agates, enamels, etc. are merely steel and
iron covered with layers of composition that
when dry are made up to resist cookery on-
slaught. So you can see how closely allied the
humble tin is to the efficacious first cousin
agate, etc.

There are two or three very interesting and
effective ice cream freezers made of tin. There
is one, in fact, so built as to need no turning.

Tin trays are invaluable as they come in all
sizes and are exceedingly light. They come
plain, japanned and decorated, but anyone with
a sense of paint and form can make an ordinary-
tin tray a thing of joy; while for the most part
the tinware houses execrably decorate these
trays. There are too, very interesting drainers
for sinks, of iron with tinned grates well worth
having in any kitchen.

THE rubber ware that is used in kitchens
is not extensive, but what is used is in-
dispensable.

For preserving, of course, the rubber ring to
seal and close jars tightly is a necessity, and
the best is none too good to buy. Unless you
have the best you will be cheated by breakage
and consequently leakage.

Never use kerosene to clean rubber, as it dis-
solves it. Store all rubber things in as cool and
dark a place as possible. Talcum powder
brushed over a dried rubber surface will keep
rubber things from sticking together.

Rubber mats for the sink take care of your
utensils and prevent breakage. They also pre-
vent the sink from becoming pitted with holes.

Some people like perforated rubber mats on
linoleum or tiled floors and for kitchen hall-
ways and stairs. These wear for a long time.

A few rubber corks in the home often help
you out of a dilemma for temporary corkage.

Rubber brushes for sink use in combination
with tin are useful and can be well scoured
and kept in condition.

Rubber gloves for kitchenette and kitchen
use save the hands and are worth their weight in
radium. If more women used them the house-
work problem would be less like martyrdom.
They preserve the hands' health and beauty.

Rubber is used for door stops to preserve the
door surface and prevent noise. It is also used
on the tip end of table and chair legs to pre-
serve floors and rugs and to diminish noise.

This is about the full list of rubber things for
the house except, perhaps, the rubber heel for
maids' and butlers' shoes and rubber stoppers
for sinks.

THE uses of paper in the home are not so
many.

Shelving in the pantry or kitchen can
lie kept in renewed health with paper laces.
The bungalow, motor trip or picnic can
well lie supplied with paper or fibre plates.

Rather would we warn you against paper
uses : such as wrapping up your ice to preserve
it, for it doesn't; wrapping up your food stuff
in paper in refrigerator; greasing muffin pan
with paper, for which you should use a brush.

Sometimes, however, a piece of paper will
clean off the top of the stove very efficiently, yet
even here a brush would be far better.

Clean brown paper to absorb French fried
potatoes is quite indispensable.

The paper napkin has made its place even
in the homes of wealth.

iWax paper is a delight to wrap up sand-
wiches and keep breadstuffs and cakes fresh
for touring or picnics.

Paper lining for drawers is necessary.

The pretty paper lace doily for under finger
bowls, cake and bread is delightfully pretty and
saves the linen, the laundress and the laundry
list.

I F

House & Garden

YOU ARE GOING TO BUILD

Take the Trouble to Inform Yourself of Your New Homers Requirements
As to Plumbing, Heating and Lighting

WHILE you are still in
the midst of planning
your home, before the
final architectural drawings are
made or the specifications writ-
ten, three vital problems have to
be faced, the constructional side
of plumbing, heating and light-
ing. Anything that involves
pipes or wires in the wall must
be decided upon when you are
still in the fundamental part of
your house planning.

The utmost perfection in
building equipment is nowadays
regarded as absolutely essential
even in the smaller and less
expensive houses. You must
decide upon the kind of heating
you are going to employ and
have it best suited to your type
of house; whether you will light
your house with gas or elec-
tricity, just how much money
you will spend on plumbing and
how much you will have. Then
you can have this information
incorporated in your specifica-
tions, and your builder will have
a fine start on the plans. Safe
plumbing must mean excellent
materials, the most practical
system and the finest workman-
ship. It is impossible to install
cheap plumbing and safeguard
the health of your family. What
you eventually pay in repairs
will in time bring up the cost
of your plumbing to what would
have originally given you the
best. And if you ever have to
sell your house, one of the first
things the agent investigates is
the plumbing; next, the condi-
tion of the cellar, and then the
heating apparatus.

Most plumbing is standard-
ized and your installation will,
of course, depend upon the type
you select to put through your
house. Just because your plumb-
ing is going to be hidden behind
walls is no reason why you
should not have the best you can
possibly afford. In planning
your plumbing, you must con-
sider not only your bathtub and
lavatory, but a separate toilet,
the sinks in the kitchen and the
laundry tubs in the basement.
Study your catalogs before
you select your plumbing, and
if possible go over them with a
plumbing expert, even if you

MARY FANTON ROBERTS

From the English we might well learn the trick of using the steam pipes for
a towel drying rack. Here the radiator is concealed in the paneling beside
tlte steps and f,pes extend above it. The top oj this paneling can have an

open grill

Hewitt

,? P',lrSe *"£""*' C°nsider the ™t°U°tion of a shower bath
S,Ch°mf°r; Tke- C°mplete tilint °f this bathroom, the low
tub and the excellent window lighting are features worthy of repro-
duction in other situations

have to pay for his advice, un-
less your builder is willing to
take this responsibility.

An expert on the question of
plumbing for the modern home
takes up the matter in the fol-
lowing wise way: "Your plumb-
ing system will be no stronger
than its weakest joint. It is
essential that your stack be ab-
solutely tight from top to bot-
tom. Joints that leak are apt
to allow gas and foul odors to
enter the living rooms of your
home. Joints where the plumb-
ing fixtures are connected with
the stack must be tight in every
respect. After all joints have
been made tight, the piping is
tested for water leaks by plug-
ging both ends of the system and
filling it with water or air and
watching for leaks or seeping
through defective joints or flaws
in the pipes. To prevent sewer
gas and other odors from back-
ing uj> into the rooms, traps are
placed at the bottom of the fix-
tures. These hold a certain
amount of water. The water is
a part of the drainage from the
fixtures. It is held to a certain
level in the trap by a bend or
'S' shaped curve. It thus pro-
vides a seal between the stack
and the house and is a gas pre-
ventive. Kitchen sinks can be
provided with grease traps to
catch the grease and take it from
the water before it reaches the
cool pipe, to grow hard and ob-
struct the easy emptying of the
plumbing system."

If there is any danger what-
ever of freezing, be sure that
your pipes are insulated wher-
ever they are exposed to cold.
It is possible to purchase what
is known as frostproof toilets.
These are very important in
some countries.

The built-in bathtub repre-
sents the highest sanitary effi-
ciency. A few years ago, when
the enamel tub first came into
use, it was considered a great
luxury, but now we not only
demand enamel, but the bath is
recessed so that it is impossible
for even dust to collect under
and about it. The bathroom
equipment becomes a part of the
very construction of the house^
(Continued on page 82)

June, 1922

The ultimate luxury, of course, is the Roman
bath, sunk below the level of the floor. It re-
quires a large room and deserves to be finished
in a fitting style. In this example the floors
and walls are green marble edged with black

In planning for the bath-
room see tha* it has plenty
of morning light and pro-
vide, as in this tiled ex-
ample, adequate lighting
fixtures

The tub can be partially
.sunk, as in the room to
the right. The floor is
covered with composition
tiles and the walls with
composition stone

From an English house comes another ex-
ample— the tub is enclosed in pink marble and
a dado of the same material is used on the
walls. This gives a wide shelf at the rear for
bath salts and dusting powder jars

House & Garden

One of the oldest
garden games is
quoits. Four heavy
rubber quoits with
an iron pin come
for $4.69

To develop one's
putting strokes
nothing is belter
than clock golf.
Complete with cup,
figures and direc-
tions for layout
$5.24. Pi:tter $2.24

Tambourdlo. a »f-w
form of Bat tledore
and Shuttlecock, is
played with tam-
bourines and a ball
or shuttlecock. $6

Featherweight dice 3^4" square

may be rolled in a garden, on

a bead: or in the water.

$2.50 a fail-

Duck on a Rock is an old game revived

ar.d improved. Five painted balls,

wooden "rock" and two stakes

Garden furniture should be
informal in type, comfortable
and decorative. A relief from
the ever-present wicker are the
unstained hickory cltairs on the
right that meet all the require-
ments of garden furniture. The
chair with the fan-shaped back
is $14.24. The other is $6.94

The old game of bowling on the green
is as popular now as ever. A set of
\ fine English bowls is $20

The very attractive group at
the left that seems so inter-
ested in the outcome of some
game are shaded from the sun-
by an unusually picturesque
garden umbrella. It is &'
across, has an interesting
scalloped edge finished with
tassels and may be had in
plain green or green and
white striped duck for $28.25

June, 1922

GAMES TO PLAY
IN A GARDEN

Thcv wav be purchased tkroityh- the House

& Garden Shopping Service. 19 II'. 44th St

.\c:c York City.

This air ball when b'.own up

is 12" high. It is very light

and painted bright silver. It

may be purchased for S5

Archery is so attractive to watch as
well as play, it should be in every
garden. The painted canvas target 10"
in diameter is S4.Q&. Green iron stand
.$5.44. Wooden bow 51" long -S.94. 3P"
long S.30. Feathered arrows S.1Q each

A splendid set of croquet consisting of
four balls and metal bound mallets
with handles 21" long, white enamel
wickets and wooden sockets is S10.4S

Tether ball makes a charming garden
game, immensely amusing to play and
one that develops muscle, accuracy and
speed. An 8' tether pole (children's
size) complete with ball and cord is
$4.50. .4 pole 14' high is S6.50.
Racquets $2.50 each

An excellent training for the
rye is the Throw Dart. Cork
target 17" .r 17" with feathered
darts S4. Extra darts $.15

Badminton is played with racquets and

a net very much the same as tennis,

iml\ shuttlecocks are used in place of

balls. $22

House & Garden

June

THE GARDENER'S CALENDAR

Sixth Month

Lake Ontario is a
salmon and gold
decorative dahlia of
real merit. Ceo. L.
Stillman

A splendid orchid at
the International
Flower Show was
Mrs. Harding, from
Duke's Park

Princess Mary, a
pure white orchid
from Julius Roehrs
Co., attracted much
attention

SUNDAY

MONDAY

TUESDAY

WEDNESDAY

THURSDAY

FRIDAY

SATURDAY

1. Sow now
kale, Brussels

2 Before ap-
plying a mulch

3. Do not

neglect tospray

This calendar of the gardener's labors is aimed as

sprouts, cab-

to the straw-

the fruit trees

a reminder for undertaking all his tasks in season.
It is fitted to the latitude of the Middle States,

bage, Celery
and cauliflow-
er. These when

berries to pro-
tect the fruit
from dirt it Is a

when they are
in flower, using
a combination

but its suggestions should be available for the whole
country if it be remembered that for every one

large enough to
handle should
be transplanted

good practice
to give the
plants an ap-

of Bordeaux
mixture and ar-
senate of lead.

hundred miles north or south there is a difference

into other beds

plication of

Spray thor-

of from five to seven days later or earlier in per-

and set about
4" apart. Krom

strong liquid
food. This will

oughly from
different

forming garden operations. The dates given, are,

here they can
be moved into

greatly increase
the size of the

angles. This
will destroy the

the garden
later.

maturing ber-
ries.

many harmful
insects.

4. A top

5. t)o not

tt. Look out

7. The climb-

8. If they

9. Don't

10. Toma-

dressing ap-

omit spraying

for rose bugs.

Ing rosesshould

have finished

neglect to keep

toes, cucum-

plied to the

the potatoes

Go over the

be looked over

flowering, the

up the sowings

b e r s and

lawn now will

with arsenate

plants each day

carefully and

early spring

In the vege-

melons, as well

encourage root

of lead at the

with a small

any heavy, ro-

shrubs such as

table garden.

as other garden

action that will

first appear-

can of kerosene,

ta u s t new

forsythia, deut-

Corn, beans

products that

help the grass

ance of the

shaking the

growth should

zia, etc., should

and cucumbers

are subject to

to resist the dry

potato beetle.

flowers over

be tied into

be pruned. The

should be sown

blight, should

weather sure to

Hilling the

the can and

proper posi-

best method is

twice this

be sprayed at

come later in

potatoes when

causing the in-

tion. Pruning

to cut out en-

month. Inter-

bi-weekly peri-

the season.

they are in

sects to fall into

should be de-

tirely several of

cropping may

ods with Bor-

Sheep manure,

flower is advis-

the kerosene.

ferred until

the very old

be resorted to

deaux mixture.

bone meal or

able. At this

This will de-

they have fin-

branches. By

in many cases

Leaves that arc

wood ashes are

stage the young

stroy them

ished flowering,

pruning now no

with the pur-

affected should

excellent ma-

tubers are

quickly and ef-

when the old

flowers will be

pose of increas-

be removed at

terials to use.

forming.

fectively.

wood is cut.

sac ri need.

ing the yield.

once.

11. Care

12. Fruit

13. It is a

14. AH the

15. Onion

16. One of

17. Do not

should be

trees that have

good plan to

hedge cutting

maggots are

the essentials

neglect to work

taken with all
newly planted

reached the
producing

go over the
tomato plants.

should be done
now. Frequent

very destruct-
ive at this sea-

in producing
good fruit is

the garden soil
deeply and

hardy stock

stage should be

reducing the

trimming is re-

son of the year.

the proper

often. This not

that it be not

sprayed regu-

quantity of un-

quired in order

It is good prac-

thinning of the

only keeps the

allowed to suf-

larly with Bor-

productive

to avoid mak-

tice to top dress

crop. The trees

weeds In check.

fer for lack of

deaux mixture.

vines and sup-

ing a number

the soil thor-

should be gone

but preserves

water. Thor-

This protects

porting those

of unsightly

oughly with

over carefully

the soil mois-

ough soaking

the fruit from

left to carry

voids. Hedges

soot, to keep

now, reducing

ture for the use

of the ground

the parasites

the crop It

that have been

them in check.

the quantity of

of the plants.

— not a mere

and Tungi. Suc-

matters little

neglect cd for

Thorough at-

the fruit by

If this is not

s p r i n k 1 i n g —

cessive genera-

what system is

some time may

tention in this

about one-half.

done the mois-

followed by a

tions must be

employed to

be improved by

matter will be

Larger and bet-

ture from the

heavy mulch is

destroyed as

keep the fruit

tying in shape

well repaid by

ter fruit will be

soil will quick-

needed.

they hatch.

supported.

before cutting.

a better t:rop.

the result.

ly evaporate.

18. Now is

19. The flow-

20. Tall

21 . Be sure

22. It is good

23. Don't

24. Thinning

the time to

er garden

flowers such as

you keep the

practice to go

neglect to soak

out all t h e

stop using the

should be

hollyhocks, del-

lima beans and

over the bed-

the soil thor-

crops in the

asparagus, as
there are other
vegetables

looked over
and any dry
stalks should

phiniums, heli-
iinthus, etc.,
should be sup-

peas properly
supported; the
peas by .st aking

ding plants,
pinching the
tips of their

oughly when it
is necessary to
resort to arti-

garden is ad-
visable. This
should be done

available now

be removed.

ported before

and the llmas

growth fre-

ficial watering.

when the plants

to take its
place. Keep the

Plants that
bloom t h rough-

any damage is
done by storms

by tying in to
their poles.

quently. This
will cause them

10 vcnings or
early mornings

are small and
before the roots

asparagus

out the entire

and heavy

Li us h I i m a s

to become more

are the best

are interlocked,

dusted during

season should

winds. Proper

should be sup-

sturdy and to

time for this

or numerous

the summer

be top-dressed

stakes should

ported by small

develop more

work. Cultiva-

desirable

with a poison

occasionally

be put in and

pea brush

quickly and in

tion should fol-

plants will be

to destroy the

with some good

the plants can

nlaccd in the

better form.

low so as to re-

removed .

asparagus

fert llizer to

be tied in to

row. Such at-

Only the tips

establish the

Water well be-

beetle.

maintain vigor.

them.

tention repays.

need removal.

dust mulch.

fore lifting.

25. Carna-

26. Azaleas,

27. It is ad-

28. Keep a

29. Lettuce

30. Crops

t Ions t n the

genistas, aca-

visable at this

sharp lookout

will frequently

such as pota-

Held which are
intended for
planting out in
greenhouses for
bloom next
winter should
be sprayed oc-

c 1 a s , etc.,
should be
plunged in beds
out of doors,
where they can
be well pro-
vided with

time to take
large quantities
of chrysanthe-
mum cuttings.
These if rooted
now will make-
tine plants for

for aphis of all
kinds if the
weather is at
all dry. If the
plants are in-
fested spray
them for three

run to seed at
this season of
the year.
Boards or other
covering ma-
terial placed
over the plants

toes, celery,
tomatoes, etc.,
will be im-
pro\ ed by mild
applications of
fertilizer. Scat-
ter the fertil-

There's d day in
June before its,
Lustrous green
and blue,
\Y inds like
heartbeats

casionally with

water and

6" or 7" pots.

successive

will tend to re-

izer on the

' "

Bordeaux mix-
ture if there is

sprayed. These
plants will be

or when bed-
ded out will

evenings with
a reliable to-

duce the loss
from this

grountl around
the stems of

Quick with rap-

any indication

making growth

make stems

bacco solution.

source. Re-

the plants

ture new.

of rust. This
will make much

at this time and
forming next

about V long
wfth good sized

Be sure the

spray reaches

move all such
covering dur-

working it well
into t he soil

— Henry
Adams Bt'llows.

difference later.

year's buds.

flowers.

the undersides.

ing wet spells.

with a hoe.

//-U ELLSWORTH (he's my son-in-law, ye knew) he thinks I'm queer-like in the way I fee! 'bout

ottermobiles,' but he don't itnderstand. I ain't got nothin' much, ag'in the plaguey things 'emselres.

Il'hat sticks in my craiv is the way they've mighty near drm- some good things out. Like the old village

hoss-shoein' shops, fcr instance.

Cosh, but them was great places in the old da\s! How busy they was of a Sat'dav morn in', with

the farmers settin1 'round an' whittlin' an' chauin' tcrbacker an' argyin' politics while their hosses nas

inside gittin' shtd. 'Member hozi.' the bellous used to creak an' the liosses stomp? 'Member the sorter

stingin' smell when the blacksmith set a hot shoe ag'in a hoof, an' the old sign that hung from the wilier
tree out front, uith the hoss-shoe Painted onto it. heel up to ketch pood luck? 'Member how, coinin' down

the road, ye heard the ring o' the hammer, kinder like music away off?

U'a'l. them things is aone an' done for, now. 'Stead o 'the bellows, they's a hose o' compressed

air /or blowing up tires. S tin kin' gasoline an' oil smell in place o' the smoke from burned hoofs, an'

poppin' back-tires 'stead o' the hammer clinks. Even the old sign has give way to a glarin' red gas

jiggerhob. An' I don't like the changes at all, 'spite o' what Jim savs.

— Old Doc Lemmon.

Mrs. Warren G.
Harding is bright
pink varying to
cerise, tinged scarlet,
A. N. Pier son

Cissie, a yellow ex-
hibited by A. N.
Cooley, won a spe-
cial gold medal at
the N. Y. Show

Exquisite fragrance
and bud form mark
America , a new
brilliant pink from
Chas.H.TottyCo.

Mrs. Payne Whitney's garden at the In-
ternational Show was full of the spring-
time charm of bulbs, lilacs, etc.

Cinerarias, narcissi and hyacinths were features in the

foreground planting of Col. W. B. Thompson's exhibit,

a prize-winner at the New York Show

Another view of the Whitney exhibit
shows a sundial surrounded by prim-
roses, set off by acacia and forsythia

June , 1922

DISTINCTION DEMANDS
BOTH QUALITY AND STYLE

STYLE in stationery is a matter of de-
signing, but distinction goes back of
the designing to the paper itself.

Back of the unquestioned style of
Crane's Writing Papers is the quality
of the paper, a quality assured by the
Crane Mills where paper making has
been a fine art for one hundred and
twenty years.

EATON, CRANE & PIKE COMPANY

NEW YORK PITTSFIELD, MASS.

Cranes
(Writing Papers

The new Jive quire box in which
Crime's Writing Papers are
packed has sheets and envelopes
proportioned to avoid "haste. A
convenience in buying and a sav-
ing,particularly when the station-
ery is engraved.

Crane's Linen Lawn offers a
style for each individual taste —
each smart and correct.

Caroline DeLancey" s Desk Book,
"toiil set you right on any little
points you may have forgotten re-
garding invitation furms, visiting
cards, etc. A copy, with usable
samples of Crane' s Linen Lawn,
will be mailed to you for 60 cents.

ii iiiiiiuiiiiiiii < iimii .mini in ni|!

Only Frigidaire can give you
Frigidaire Service :

FRIGIDAIRE, the electric refrigerator,
embodies all the advantages of a modern
cold storage plant, simplified and built to
operate in the modern home without at-
tention and at a very small cost.

It maintains a constant temperature in the
food compartment where fruit, vegetables
and meat can be kept for a surprisingly
long time in delightful condition.

Its freezing compartment affords a means of
supplying ice for table use and of freezing
dainty ices, mousses, sherbets and desserts.

With all its advantages, FRIGIDAIRE
actually costs less to operate than the aver-
age cost of ice.

Such economy is the result of expert en-
gineering. It would not be possible unless
FRIGIDAIRE were built as a complete
unit with the cabinet designed, insulated
and ventilated to exactly fit the capacity
of the refrigerating mechanism.

It has given to thousands of home owners
complete freedom from the annoyances
that have always been associated with the
use of ice and can be installed with the
absolute assurance that it will prove itself
an economy and a source of constant sat-
isfaction.

FRIGIDAIRE is now on display in the
show rooms of all Delco-Light distribu-
tors. A descriptive booklet will be sent
to you on request.

DELCO-LIGHT COMPANY

Dept. H. G. 7 Dayton, Ohio t-

Subsidiary of Qeneral Motors Corporation ,

THE ELECTRIC

REFRIGERATOR far MODERN HOMES

House & Garden

Metal Lath for Permanent Construction

(.Continued from page 70)

fully proportioned to the load they are
to carry. If the home-builder proposes
to superintend the construction of his
own home, he must impress this point
on the mason. The slightly greater
amount of concrete required for the con-
struction of a satisfactory foundation, as
compared with one that is skimped or
barely sufficient, is so little and so in-
expensive that it is positively foolhardy
to propose to save any money on this
extremely important part of the build-
ing. Footings on ordinary soil should
be 12" to 15" wide and 6" to 8" thick
for 8" foundation walls. Where a por-
tion of the basement of the building is
unexcavated, foundation walls or piers
must be carried down below frost line,
otherwise, alternate freezing and thaw-
ing will throw walls resting on them
out of plumb and cause plaster cracks.
If the question of expense is a very
vital one, metal lath can be used to

protect only the five most vulnerable
points in connection with fire. Ceilings
under inhabited floors, chimney breasts,
stair-wells, at the juncture of floor
joists and walls, and the partition
angles. Application of metal lath to
these vulnerable positions is exceedingly
simple. The sheets are first applied to
the ceiling and carried down 6" onto
walls and partitions. This effectively
prevents corner cracking. Three coat
plaster work is necessary for first class
workmanship. Any kind of plaster —
Portland cement, lime or gypsum gives
excellent results.

Corner cracks are the most unsightly
and unnecessary cracks that occur in
buildings. They are also the most fre-
quent. Tests recently made at Armour
Institute prove that a 12" strip of metal
lath bent into the corner, even where
ordinary lath or plaster-board is used,
will prevent corner cracks.

If You Are Going to Build

(Continued from page 76)

The newer tubs are lower than the old
ones that were set on legs. For this rea-
son they are much more convenient, and
can be kept in perfect order by imme-
diate cleansing after every bath. If a
shower bath is to be used, that also
must be decided upon while the plans
are being made.

In order that there may be a con-
stant supply of hot water, regardless of
kitchen needs, a hot water heater is
usually installed in the cellar. We have
already mentioned the heater that con-
sumes garbage and therefore has only
the expense of the original installation.
The tank and bowl of the modern bath-
room must be constructed of hard-fired
vitreous china, and closet seats are now
furnished with a hard finished white
surface that will not discolor or chip.
A new feature in bathroom fittings
which is being generally installed con-
sists of two china handle controls for the
hot and cold water, supplying the
mixed tempered water through one
spout, permitting the user to wash in
running water. In some of the tiny
apartment bathrooms a pedestal lava-
tory is used, which can be hung on the
wall. This is excellently constructed
and takes up a minimum of space.

Insist that your architect makes a
special study of the kitchen plumbing.
An excellent one-piece sink includes a
basin, drainboard and back. This is
one of the most sanitary sinks pur-
chaseable. Watch carefully the setting
of sink and washtubs that they are not
too low. The average builder takes no
thought of the unending torture a low
sink brings to housewife or servants.

Plan your heating scheme in the
winter, take a blustering day with the
thermometer dropping, the wind blow-
ing in under the door and whistling
around the windows ; you will then con-
sider the heating question with well de-
served seriousness, and you will never
hint at economy. Health, comfort and
peace of mind are all involved in the
adequate heating of your house, and
this means for the halls, the maid's room
and the sewing room, as well as those
rooms that would inevitably suggest
comfort. After all, your big bill for
heating is the price of coal and an excel-
lent heater that gives you the utmost
heat from your fuel, and that does not
have to be repaired the first season, will
save money in the long run.

Don't decide to install some system of
heating because it has worked well in
a friend's house. Homes differ in their
heat requirement according to size,

shape, location, climate, number of
rooms, building material, the way the
house is built and the amount of
money you spend in construction. If
your home is located where there are
rapid changes of temperature within a
few hours, you must install a heating
system that will respond to this condi--
tion; if on the other hand, your house
is to be located where there is a broad
sweep of wind, exposure on all sides,
you must plan the heating system that
will meet this difficulty. A long, narrow
house will require one kind of heating,
a wide square one another, the bunga-
low type of house will have to be heated
differently than the five-story apart-
ment.

You can sum up the heating systems
used in a modern house into six classi-
fications: The fireplace, stove, hot-air,
steam, water and radiator heat. The
expense of putting in a heating system
varies in different locations and in dif-
ferent types of houses. In the main you
will find that steam heat and pipeless
furnace are the least expensive, and hot
water and the vapor systems the most
expensive. The upkeep of any one of
these systems depends upon climate,
size of house and number of rooms
heated, also you must consider the way
in which your heating plant will be run.
You undoubtedly would manage it
economically yourself, and you might
find someone who would do this for
you, but as a rule someone outside of
your house will run your furnace ex-
pensively.

Of course nothing is so delightful as
an open fire. Every house should have
an open fire in the sitting room no mat-
ter what the heating system. It saves
money by giving you a little heat in
the spring and fall; it is most cheerful
and friendly on frosty fall evenings and
it certainly makes for intimacy and
companionship in the home. It can be
used in small apartments and small
bungalows without other heat, provided
coal is burned and care is taken to keep
the grates cleaned out, but as an auxil-
iary to some heating system it is not
only luxury but an economy.

Stoves, especially the air-tight variety,
are quick heaters, but it is impossible
to heat to an even temperature with
them, and the use of stoves means that
there will always be cold halls and some
cold rooms, not to mention the work
and worry of taking care of the stoves.

One advantage of hot air is that the
system requires no space in the rooms.
(Continued on page 84)

June, 1922

FROM A GRAFLEX NEGATIVE MADE WITH KODAK ANASTIGMAT LENS f.t.S

GRAFLEX

The basic Graflex features are as valuable when making indoor portraits or slow snap-shots as when
catching swift action scenes. The reflecting mirror shows a big, brilliant image of the subject, right side up.
You know when the focus is sharp. You see what the view includes. High speed lens and efficient shutter
facilitate proper exposure — especially if the lens is the Kodak Anastigmat/.4.5.

Graflex catalog by mail or at your dealer s.

Eastman Kodak Company

Folmer & Schwing Department Rochester, N. Y.

House & Garden

FRE E-This Book on

Home Beautifying

JOHNSON'S

Pusfo 'Liquid -Powdered

PREPARED WAX

Every room needs the brightening touch of
Johnson's Prepared Wax. It will rejuvenate
your furniture, woodwork, floors, and linoleum,
and give an air of immaculate cleanliness. John-
son's Prepared Wax imparts a velvety, artistic
lustre of great beauty and durability. It gives a
hard, dry polish which will not collect dust or
show finger prints.

Johnson's Prepared Wax comes in three convenient forms
— Paste Wax, for polishing floors and linoleum — Liquid
Wax, the dust-proof polish for furniture, woodwork, and
automobiles — Powdered Wax, for perfect dancing floors.

Are You Building?

Our Individual Advice Department is in the hands of a
corps of experts who give all questions on wood finishing
prompt and careful attention.

S. C. JOHNSON & SON, Dept. HG6, RACINE, WIS.

(Canadian Factory — Brantford)

I Please send me free and postpaid your book on Home Beautifying and Wood Fin-
ishing ' The Proper Treatment for Floors, Woodwork and Furniture."

One of the best painters here is

His Address is

• My Name

Walls and floor of faience in dim tones of blue and buff are used in

the master's bathroom of the home of Mrs. L. T. Field, Great Neck,

L. I. A low vaulted ceiling adds much to the character of the room.

Courtesy of the Crane Co.

If You Are Going to Build

(Continued from page 82)

My Address ....

In a small house or flat this is a great
advantage. But you cannot success-
fully heat your house with hot air with-
out being sure that the pipes are in-
stalled with rigid care. All pipes ex-
posed as well as the furnace itself should
be covered with asbestos. It will give
you a saving from fifteen to twenty
percent on your coal bill.

If you want to heat a small house
that is compact and weather-proof, a
pipeless furnace may solve your prob-
lem. It is a new idea, simple in con-
struction, easy to install and will burn
either wood or coal, but it means that
doors must be open to receive the heat
from the main source and the second
floor must be heated with radiators
opening from the first.

Hot air furnaces should be located in
the center of your cellar and radiators
placed along the outside walls, and as
near the windows as possible. There
are three types of hot water heating,
hot water, steam, vapor or vacuum. To
make any one of these a success you
must have a good-sized boiler and the
best steam fitting available. It is im-
possible to get good results from any
one of these methods of heating by
using cheap labor, inferior valves and
poor equipment. Steam installation is
less expensive than hot water because
only a single circuit of pipe is required,
whereas with hot water you need a sec-
ond series of piping called "returns" to
get the cool water back to the boiler for
re-heating. Steam also requires smaller
radiators and smaller pipes.

Nowadays you can control all heat-
ing plants from the floor above by hav-
ing an electric damper regulator in-
stalled. This helps to save fuel and to
keep an even temperature. If you are
building your house on one floor, it is
possible to install both the radiators and
boiler on the same level.

An admirable idea for the very small
house is a small hot-water heater that
looks like a cabinet. It can be placed
in one of the large rooms and supply
heat for the various radiators.

Vapor systems are practical in both
large and small houses. They are a
source of sure and constant heat in
homes where there are a large number
of rooms to heat.

In order to give the best results from
any heating system and to conserve
coal, you should make sure that you
have a chimney of ample size and
height, also that it is free from air
leakages and extends well up above the
roof.

The best heating system in the world
will accomplish nothing if your win-
dows and doors are loosely fitted so
that the cold air can blow in about the
feet. This can be obviated in the win-
ter by double windows or steel sash pro-
tectors. It is also wise to study into
the size of the boiler that you put into
the heating system. A certain sized
boiler will supply a certain amount of
heat for so much coal used. Your
builder will undoubtedly be able to
compute this for you. He will also look
into the selection of valves. In hot-
water heating jobs the valves should
have a brass plate and these should be
of the self-packing type. There is so much
detail in connection with the heating
of the house that you have got to take
every bit of it into consideration if you
want a comfortable home. Begin with
the equipment, then the installation, a
study of your house; make sure that
good coal is delivered, and then that
the furnace is well managed. Failure
along the line of any one of these neces-
sities will leave you a cold house in spite
of much money well spent.

If you will recall various romantic
and dramatic experiences of your life,
nine times out of ten you will remember
the lighting of the scene. And the epi-
sodes will come back to you bathed in
moonlight or vaguely outlined in twi-
light ; perhaps you will remember a pro-
found tragedy cruelly clear against the
warm light of an open fire, or the vivid
light of a theatre will recall some sorrow
or mournful incident enacted against
the gay scene. The same is true with
joyous experiences.

Light plays an amazingly intimate
part in our lives. We have also grown
to know with absolute certainty that
light plays a most significant part in our
health and peace of mind and in the
aesthetic possibilities of life.

There are really but two practical sys-
tems of lighting recognized today, gas
(Continued on page 86)

June, 1922

SHEER, unalloyed joy in motoring
is reserved for the woman who
drives a Cadillac.

With every mile of its swift, easy
flight the conviction grows that hers
is the unique and utterly enviable
automobile experience.

Where else could she secure the
strong, silken power, the comfort,
the distinguished and arresting beauty
that so charm her in her Cadillac?

Where duplicate its dependability,
•which makes continuous, extended
enjoyment of motoring pleasures so
definite and so serenely certain?

Could any automobile be more
responsive, more refreshingly easy
to control and to drive?

Is there any equal anywhere for the
flawless performance, on the shopping
trip or the vacation tour, that she
knows is hers in the Cadillac?

Every woman who has had even so
much as a single ride in the Type 61
Cadillac is unalterably convinced that
it is the great motor car of the world.

And when she becomes an owner, her
delight in the Cadillac is quickened by
the knowledge that all of her associates
concur in acceptance of its leadership.

CADILLAC MOTOR CAR COMPANY, DETROIT, MICHIGAN

Division of General Motors Corporation

A D I

L A

Standard of the World

House & Garden

DECORATIVE LIGHTING FITMENTS

For the Solarium

IN the sun-room, where color is such
an important element, the rich dec-
oration of Riddle Fitments in Silver
Estofado and Gold Estofado is most
effective.

The illustrations suggest a Riddle
ceiling fitment, wall sconce, aquarium
and lamp well suited for solarium or
other informal setting.

Whether for this purpose, or for any
other room, or for a complete new
lighting installation in your residence
or apartment, you should be interested
in seeing these unusual fitments, sold
by the better dealers everywhere.

The Riddle Fitment Book

will give you a new conception of the
beautiful effects possible in lighting fit-
ments. Illustrated with actual color
reproductions of wall and ceiling
pieces, lamps, luminors, torcheres,
Vellumesque shades, console sticks,
etc. Copy sent on request. Please
address Dept. 262.

On receipt of plans, with elevation details, we
will submit a definite suggestion with estima-
ted cost oj fitments installed by your dealer

THE EDWARD N. RIDDLE CO.

TOLEDO, OHIO

Makers oj Lighting Fitments since 1892

i
j
1

!
I
i

If You Are Going to Build

(Continued from page 84)

and electricity, for oil and candle light
are only used where it is impossible to
get the more modern systems. But the
different methods of using these two
systems and the variety of lighting fix-
tures and shades are simply countless.

The question of house lighting is one
of the most absorbing and difficult and
subtle that the decorator and home-
maker have to face. Of course at the
beginning of building you decide about
the kind of lighting you are going to
employ and then the exact system that
will give you the best results, and, so
far as possible, just where you want
the lights brought through the walls.
Then you decide whether you will em-
ploy direct or indirect lighting systems,
whether you wish top or side lights,
and how many you will need through
the entire house in order to judge of
the volume of light that has to be in-
troduced into the house. For the re-
ception room you may want some of
the new and spectacular chandeliers,
some of them amazingly interesting in
jet and crystal, or you may want the
more quiet diffused lighting. For din-
ing room and bedroom, light from the
side walls is preferable, though diffused
lighting is also practicable in these
rooms. For sitting room and library,
you will want not only side lights, but
many table lights and a diffused light
if you do not care for shadows. In the
smaller rooms a sense of light and
shadow is more intimate and beautiful.
For the kitchen and cellar, a light
wherever definite work is to be done.
An ample number of electric plugs in
the baseboard of all rooms is essential.

Lights are needed in every closet, and
the sewing room particularly should be
well lighted. You may want to plan
some cozy twilight sort of corners, but
in the main there are lights, too, for
these places. Even your porch in the
country, that almost last stronghold for
lovers, may be lighted, without warn-
ing by pressing a button.

On the other hand it is delightful to
be able to read on a hot summer night
out on a cool porch. As a belated guest,
it is most comforting to find a brilliant-
ly lighted porch beckoning you into the
house. Light is really the handmaid of
hospitality. But remember there is no
circumstance in which the uncovered
bulbs are not a cruelty, even with the
present craze of turning the light on
every conceivable spot and person.

By all means join the procession for
brilliant lighting if you wish to.; but
also remember that there are possibili-
ties of diffused light and beautiful ways
of shading bulbs. Soft lighting is rec-
ommended for the hallway, say between
one-half and one-foot candle power.
The strength of light for your tables and
even for your side brackets should be
at least three-foot candle power.

Semi-direct lighting alone is not ad-
visable. A home is more peaceful and
restful with a certain number of soft
lights and with the comfort of occa-
sional shadows. No modern bedroom
is complete without reading lights at
the head of the beds, arranged to turn
off without lifting one's head from the
pillow.

The more deeply one studies into the
lighting question, the more one is com-
piled to acknowledge that the modern
ideal of luxurious living could not be
accomplished without the elaborate and
complete systems of lighting which have
robbed us of so much romance and pic-
turesque adventure. Perhaps this can
never be an age of romance, but it is an
age of beautiful rooms and lovely
women and gorgeous clothes, and for
these things we must have light. It is
also an age of study and research and
for these things we need much light. So
study your lighting catalogs, and plan
a system of lights that will make every
room of your house convenient and
comfortable, saving a few friendly cor-
ners if you consistently can.

NOTES OF THE GARDEN CLUBS

THE Garden Club of Nyack, or-
ganized in 1915 and of which the
President is Mrs. Joseph Hilton,
has a membership of 125 women coming
from the four Nyacks, Tarrytown, Pal-
isades, Suffern, Grand View, Sparkill
and several other places. Meetings are
held bi-monthly, unless a field day or
flower show is substituted; from May
through October. Many of the pro-
grams have been prepared by members,
sometimes groups taking up a topic un-
der a chairman, as at one meeting when
four women, with Miss J. S. Salisbury
for leader, considered Experiences from
Our Kitchen Garden. On other occasions
roses were treated in a similar way, or
again several members would talk of
annual and perennial varieties of the
same flowers, as hollyhocks, asters and
phlox.

A list of the topics presented by in-
dividuals included "Birds, Butterflies,
and Other Garden Kinfolks" by Mrs.
F. V. Green ; "My Ail-Year Garden and
a Few Hens" by Mrs. Gerrit Smith ; and
"Gardens in Many Climes", Mrs.
Arthur C. Coan. Lectures at the Nyack
Club have been given with slides on
Rose Gardens of America and Other
Countries, by Robert Pyle; Some Eng-
lish Gardens, by Mr. Edward J. Far-
rington; and Birds in the Garden, by
Miss Nina Marshall. Other profession-
als addressing the club included Miss
Jay, Leonard Barren, Charles H. Totty,
Mrs. William Verplanck, Mr. Britton,
and Mr. Arthur F. Buys. On Poetry
Day Miss Louise Driscoll read her
poems.

At each meeting there are three exhi-
bitors, and in June and September
there is a flower show in the Auditor-
ium of the Nyack Club. For field
days trips are arranged to the New
York Botanical Gardens or to a pri-
vate place, as the Garden of Louise
B,eebe Wilder, whose book was con-
sidered at a previous meeting.

The Nyack Garden Club is governed
in a most business-like way by its ex-
tensive Constitution and By-Laws, and
a year book is printed. Among the sev-
eral committees is one on Distribution,
which systematically collects and dis-
tributes vegetables, fruit and flowers to
the Nyack Hospital. During the war
an Open-Air Market was conducted on
a government lot ; also a canning kitchen
in connection with it.

The most important work accom-
plished by the Garden Club is said to
be the complete making over of the
grounds of the Erie Station, supple-
mentary improvements being made to
the four neighboring stations, by plac-
ing window-boxes in them. As the
Club is constantly interested in village
improvement it is consulted by the
Business Men's Club of Nyack on many
occasions.

THE Garden Club of Staten Island,
of which Miss E. Alice Austen has
always been the president, was organized
by her in 1914, and is composed of 80
members. Throughout the year meet-
ings are held at least once a month, and
oftener in the spring and fall.
(Continued on page 88)

June, 1922

INTERNATIONAL

STERLING

TRIANON

DESIGN
Reduced iti Sizf

Masterpieces of the Classics
from Solid Sliver

INTERNATIONAL Sterling does more than en-
rich a home's atmosphere. It serves in a way
quite apart from breakfast, dinner and supper.

International Sterling is a form of real property, the
most useful and beautiful form of invested wealth.

Ages of use do not diminish its intrinsic value;
they merely mellow the affection in which it is held.

The Trianon Pattern is massive in form, chaste in
spirit — a true example of eternal classic design.

This craftsman's mark
identifies the genuine

A Book of Silver on Request: Write for Book 1 54, the Trianon Brochure.
International Silver Company, Meriden, Conn.

/••

'( i r ft *" "f

INTERNATIONAL SILVER CO.

House fy Garden

/^^^Xyk •'*" ^§
yk j\ /
VL /Vl / s
yu i^r i

Jr ' c

A.ND today Hand-woven Fleur-de-lis
IRISH LINEN damask table cloths and
napkins portray the ultimate in achieve-
ment of the present generation of those
men, who faithfully plied their trade even
in the face of obscurity.

On sale at better stores in the principal
cities of the United States and Canada.
An illustrated catalogue on request.

For finer use also are Fleur-de-lis

linen towels, linen sheets

atul pillow cases.

IRELAND BROTHERS

INCORPORATED

IO2 FRANKLIN ST. NEW YORK. CITY

The central window and entrance of the Friends School at York,

England, designed by John Carr, both show evidences of Palladian

adaptation to their designs

The Palladian Window and Its Use

(Continued jrom page 50)

dow. one of the most pleasing occurs
on the first floor of a house in Buck-
ingham where the pilasters and entab-
lature are suppressed and we have only
the Palladian shape, in low projection,
as the front of a bow. The same sup-
pression of entablature is seen in the
house at Chipping Norton, but here
the pillars are retained to support the
archil raves of the side lights. This dis-
pensing with the entablature is justified
by the desire to keep the windows
of a simplicity and attenuation of de-
tail consistent with the rest of the
facade.

If there be any who cavil at the
repetition of Palladian windows in the
18th Century houses at Pershore as
being in questionable taste, there is
this to be said in their defense: they
at least achieve the quality of interest.
They are individually of pleasing form
and of acceptable detail. Furthermore,
from the purely utilitarian point of
view, they are warranted by the
amount of light they admit to the in-
terior in a place where it would have

been impossible to use two other win-
dows without destroying all balance
between solids and voids in the com-
position.

In modern domestic architecture
there is, perhaps, no other single fea-
ture more constantly misapplied than
the Palladian window. Time and again
it is dragged in as a kind of architec-
tural sugar plum, without due consid-
eration of its nature or of the nature
of the building it is intended to grace.
To avoid such misapplication and dis-
counting of value it is necessary to
keep in mind two things. First, the
Palladian window must have space. To
crowd it and encroach upon it with
other features is to belittle its import-
ance and destroy half its effect. Second,
it is essentially a dignified feature. Be
sure, therefore, that the building in
which it is placed is of a character be-
fitting the dignity it confers. To use
it in an insignificant house, or to in-
clude it in a feeble or unworthy com-
position, is to perpetrate architectural
bathos.

Notes of the Garden Clubs

(Continued jrom page 86)

THE Kent Garden Club of Grand
Rapids, Michigan, whose Presi-
dent is Mrs. Phila L. Hamilton,
was organized in 1913, by Miss Grace
Griswold, who was recently graduated
with honors from Cornell University as
a landscape gardener.

The membership of the Club is lim-
ited to 65 women doing personal work
in their gardens. Beginning with a
luncheon in March, meetings were held
bi-monthly through October. The pro-
gram is always attractively printed, and
in 1921 included papers on Japanese
Flower Arrangement; Observations in
the West Indies and South America, by
Mrs. F. Stuart Foote; Life Work of L.
H. Bailey, Mrs. Charles H. Garfield;
What the Twentieth Century Club of
Detroit does for the Garden Movement
of That City; Evergreens and How to
Grow Them in Michigan, by Mr. John
Martin, and Summerflowering Bulbs,
Hardy Primroses, etc. Mr. Edward
Freyling spoke on Rock Gardening and
Mr. Robert M. Teele on Attracting Birds.

There is a daffodil show arranged
annually in the Art Association Rooms,
Grand Rapids, and, by permission of the
Mayor, flowers have been sold from ta-
bles placed in the streets in front of
some of the important buildings, and
also in a "hut" built for the soldiers.
The proceeds from these sales, and the
supplementary receipts from disposing
of seeds and bulbs, were partly applied
to the support of nine French orphans
during the war and after it to five of
these children.

The most important work of the
Club is encouraging school gardens,
prizes of money being awarded for the
best exhibits. A principal of one school,
who was a member of the Garden Club,
designed and developed such a remarka-
ble garden in the school grounds that she
lectured about it with slides, as far as
Minneapolis. Two members of the
Kent Garden Club belong to the Gar-
den Club of Michigan and others to the
American Rose Society and the Horti-
cultural Society of New York.

ELLEN P. CUNNINGHAM.

June, 1922

A Word about Cane., Willow and Rattan Furniture

SOME of our patrons are satisfied to know that a price is partic-
ularly attractive — unexpectedly low in comparison with those
generally current. Others are interested to know why.

Hence this brief explanation of a merchandising policy that is
somewhat unusual.

Summer furniture is what merchants know as "seasonable" merchandise; which means
that, early in the season, when there is great demand, cane, rattan and willow furniture
sell freely and easily even though marked at very high prices. Many merchants reason
that a high price early in the season — beyond the mere profit it entails — offers oppor-
tunity for "reductions" later on even though the "reduced" price is normally fair value;
and at the end of the season still further reductions may be made.

The cane, willow and rattan furniture shown here, though much more
sturdily made, much more carefully finished, much more attractively
designed than is usual, is actually less expensive than most of the summer
furniture available throughout the season.

This statement is printed because we feel that a frank statement of price
policy is due to our patrons who deal with this house on a basis of confi-
dence that is highly gratifying.

A collection of designs and prices
will be mailed upon request

W. & J. SLOANE

FIFTH AVENUE AND 47™ STREET, NEW YORK CITY
WASHINGTON SAN FRANCISCO

House & Garden

An Example from a Collection of
Small Tables Faithfully Repro-
duced from Genuine Old Pieces.

INQUIRIES INVITED THROUGH YOUR
DECORATOR

INC.

284 DARTMOUTH ST.,

BOSTON

2 WEST 47™- ST.,

NEW YORK

The custom oj draping the jour-poster with testers on top and flounces

below is an ancient custom. Here net is used, and chintz for the

cover and window valances

Dressing the Bed

(Continued from page 68)

but we have also revived the enchant-
ing painted furniture then in vogue, ap-
plying quaint designs to our own beds
and pieces of bedroom furniture. With
a gray or cream ground, any color can
be introduced as a decorative motif and
there are endless possibilities of color
combinations.

In the unpretentious room illustrated
here, the furniture is appropriate for a
young boy or girl. It is of a simple
peasant or cottage type painted gray
and embellished with gay little gar-
lands of flowers in conventional form.
As both the walls and carpet rug are
of a neutral tone, the room is enlivened
by the introduction of color in the
hand-blocked linen which is used as
over-hangings at the window, as a
covering for a roomy winged chair and
as the long flat pillow on the bed. The
bedspread itself is also of linen, dyed a
solid color of old rose which tones in
with the old rose and blue of the
blocked linen.

In this room an interesting group of
windows is curtained with over-hang-
ings of the hand-blocked linen and a
valance running across the top of the
entire width of the windows. This
room is a delightful example of sim-
plicity that is harmonious because all
of the accessories have been carried out
logically and with unerring good taste.
Cannot any woman with a little thought
and effort achieve similar good results?

A more formal room requires a more
formal treatment of the bed. With the
help of a vacuum cleaner, we can again
revert to richer fabrics and to their
more subtle handling. Soft taffetas are
particularly effective as a material for
hangings and bed coverings. We now
have looms in this country that are
fashioning silks as rich in quality and
significant in design as any that won
renown in the old world. There are in-
finite possibilities in dealing with this
material because it lends itself so well
to various uses.

Not only must a bed covering con-
form to the style of the room and the
bed it is to adorn, but it must be well
adapted to the structural form of the
bed itself. For instance, if a bed has
a head, footboard and rails of wood,
they must not be submerged by hang-
ings or draperies.

There are illustrated here two types
of bed coverings of taffeta. The one
on the day bed is of striped taffeta

edged with a valance of the plain ma-
terial which is used again as window
draperies. This valance does not cover
the wooden rail of the bed. The long
flat pillow is finished with a fluting of
the plain taffeta and it is further em-
bellished with appliques of flowers in
solid color repeating the note of the
stripe.

The other taffeta coverings are de-
signed for beds that have neither rails
nor footboards, so that they closely hug
the sides and foot of the beds, reveal-
ing the foot posts. The flat cushions
are covered with lace and flutings of
taffeta. A distinctive note is reached
in the hangings at the window where
the taffeta curtains are draped over a
single fall of chintz. The cornice of
the window obviates the necessity of a
valance of any kind, which would lower
the height of the window.

There are infinite ways of dealing
with the day-bed, an institution which,
in these times of concentrated space, has
come to stay. When a room must do
duty as both living and bedroom, the
day-bed is an important feature and its
treatment must take on the character
of the room, whether of a formal or in-
formal nature.

Besides silk, chintz and linen bed
coverings, there are the delightful
spreads of unbleached muslin and all-
over patterns of "French Knots" or
tied knots that were a well-known craft
in the South of the early days. This
old handicraft has been revived. These
practical bed coverings look especially
well upon Colonial beds of walnut and
mahogany or simple painted types.
There are also East Indian stuffs of
silk or cotton, very soft and rich in
color, that are appropriate for certain
rooms having something of an Oriental
flavor, but in chaste little rooms with
white enameled furniture and painted
metal beds, dotted muslin or heavy
white linen bed coverings will always
look crisp and fresh.

It is easier to bring variety into the
bedroom than in the other rooms in
the house, especially if we delight in the
simple, decorative fabrics that are com-
paratively inexpensive. Every few
years we can afford to change our
hangings, bed coverings and loose slip
covers, for taste, like every growing
faculty, develops with the years and it
is a pleasant feeling to know that we
need not always live with our mistakes.

June, 1922

DIRECTORY0/DECORATION 8 FINE ARTS

DARN LEY

Inc.

34E. 48th St.

WROUGHT IRON
FLOWER OR IVY
STAND. 40 IN.
HIGH. WITH
COPPER BOWL
13 IN. D I A M .
ANTIQUE OR
GREEN FINISH.

COMPLETED $18.

NEW YORK

DECORATORS STUDIOS

222 WEST 23rd STREET NEW YORK

Longfellow Tray Empire
$25.00 Flower

Urn $25.

Turned Crane Bracket Table $56.00

INTERIOR DECORATIONS

Telephone Watklns 6200

MACBRIDE

"THE HOUBK OF THBFE GAIU.ES"
IT -VVKST S1«T ST., NKW.-YORK

Iron Jardinieres

Special Mirror

J8"x i 6"

£25.00

DECORATIVE INTERIORS

The MACBETH GALLERY

l8qi = I Q22

ART NOTES

THIRTIETH ANNIVERSARY NUMBER

reviews the early days of the Gallery
and contains a brief article on

Questions to ask oneself when
buying a picture

This should be read by every

prospective buyer. I twill be

mailed free on request

WILLIAM MACBETH

I N C O R P O R A T !•; D

450 Fifth Avenue at Fortieth street New York City

Design 2^9 Brass 18" High

EARO.Y AMEBJCAN ANDIRONS
•Reproduced in Brass and Iron

This pair $10.00
Catalogue H sent on request

THE H. W. COVERT COMPANY
137 East 46lh Street, New York.

NEW YORK SCHOOL of
INTERIOR DECORATION-^

KM PARK. AVE -NEW YORK. CITY

Correspondence Courses

Send for Catalogue H.

The Little Gallery

GIFTS OF DISTINCTION

4 East 48th Street, New York City

Qenuine

DISTINCTIVE CREATIONS

There's an atmosphere of re-
finement and quiet elegance
about Reed Shop Designs that
maizes them pre-eminent in the
realm of Reed Furniture.

HIGHEST QUALITY
BUT NOT HIGHEST PRICED

Our showing of Imported Novelty Cretonnes and Lmens for
decorative purposes includes Patterns and Colorings to meet
every requirement — an unusual line that must be seen to be
appreciated. .

Come in and let us solve your Drapery Problems )or you

REED SHOP. INC.

9 EAST 57TH STREET, NEW YORK

Suggestions in Reed Furniture" forwarded on receipt of 25c postage.

Out-Door Gardens
In-door Gardens
Rock Gardens
Garden Rooms
Sun Rooms
Sun Porches

Interiors

Consultation

Development

Direction

BEATTY&BEATTY
101 Park Avenue

NEW YORK

Hand Painted in Antique Effect

STUDIO

219 East 60th Street

New York

House & Garden

Rich simplicity marks this unusual
adaptation ot the Charles II design

tCarpeix

"xirixitvire

homes where careful thought is given to
1 the planning of a definite decorative scheme,
Karpen Furniture offers a wide range of selec-
tion embracing authentic adaptations of all the
period styles as well as many comfortable de-
signs of the present day.

Its pleasing harmony of outline, its coverings of
rare beauty, and its enduring comfort evidence
that mastery of construction which has been
symbolized for more than forty years by the
small bronze Karpen nameplate affixed to every
piece.

Book N of Distinctive
Designs, with name of a
Karpen dealer, \vill be
sent upon request.

Gvia,r&r\teed
Upholstered
F\irr\ii\ire

On every piece
Make sure it is there

Exceptional comfort as well as beauty ts
expressed in the lines of this armchair

S. KARPEN & BROS.

Also manufacturers of Karpen Fiber Rush

and Reed Furniture and Dining, Office,

and Windsor Chairs

Exhibition Rooms

801-811 South Wabash Avenue, Chicago
37th and Broadway, New York

.4 retaining wall like this calls for the softening effect of fine leaved

vines growing up from its foot. Well selected shrubs along its top

would add privacy and improve the appearance of the wall

Retaining Walls in the Landscape Scheme

(Continued from page 74)

for both purposes. In fact, they seem
to be almost the sine qua non of an
Italian layout, and one can study the
most simple and elemental form in the
peasants' yards in the countryside or
the grandiose sculptured stone walls of
such far-famed gardens as those of the
Villa Lante or Tivoli, outside Rome.
But all were built for the same reason
and use, and need preceded beauty.

In France, only in the more rugged
portions in the south, does one find the
best examples of retaining-walls, with
logical reasons for their use. In many
famous gardens in the central and
northern provinces they were used
without real need, and hence have a
very artificial appearance. In England
the garden wall proper, has had far
more attention lavished upon it than
the retaining wall, and largely for
topographical reasons.

In the United States, California, es-
pecially the southern part of it, offers
natural conditions more nearly ap-
proaching those in Italy than any other
State, and for that reason one finds
there the greatest development in this
line. They really have to have them
there in most cases, and they look well
almost everywhere because the feeling
of artificiality is absent. Elsewhere in
our country they are but sparingly
used, or they should be so used, and in
all cases should be determined by topo-
graphical fitness.

There being no marked disadvantage
except that of possible inappropriate-

ness in having a retaining wall, let us
consider some of the advantages. Chief-
ly, they are three in number. We all
know how hard it is to keep grass
growing on anything more than a very
slight slope. The moment you exceed
a certain angle, erosion begins to take
place and you can have no good turf,
nor even beds of border shrubbery, be-
cause the rains cut the loam out and
expose the roots. Grading of the lawn,
for instance, is a means of avoiding this
difficulty but successful grading is not
an easy thing to accomplish. The re-
taining wall will serve in its stead.

In the second place, once you have
built the retaining wall, you suddenly
discover that besides its fulfillment of
a need, you have added to your estate
an ornament of the greatest possibili-
ties, other things being equal. This
point will be developed in detail later
on, but in the rough, you find yourself
gazing upon what in many cases plays
the role of a garden wall. From the
sidewalk or pavement or lane the
passerby gets a foreshortened view of
the house and grounds, and, depending
on the wall's height, considerable pri-
vacy, the first aim of the regular gar-
den wall, accrues to the owner of the
grounds. Not only may a wall of only
4' bring about this effect, but a lower
one, reinforced with shrubs, will do the
same.

In the third place, from the windows
and porches of the house the owner
(Continued on page 94)

Unless there is
practical utility as
well as good looks
in the retaining
watt its use cannot
be justified. Here is
one which means
nothing structurally
and has no interest
of form, color or
texture

June, 1922

DIRECTORY OF DECORATION AND FINE ARTS

The

PLATT SHOP

WE will gladly
supply anything
for the home — com-
plete suites or odd
pieces of furniture,
draperies, etc. at
moderate prices.

Write to us

The PL ATT SHOP, Inc.

^ E. 46th St. New York City

AN' unusual scrap basket is painted
black with flowers in brilliant
colors. It may also be had in other
combinations. The price is $5. It
may be purchased through the
Shopping Service of

HOUSE & GARDEN

19 West 44th Street New York
who will gladly help you secure any
article necessary to your decorating
scheme.

The Nightrack

AX orderly attendant for day clothes
/A at night. Each garment has its
place — all in one place. Clothing
held to form, freshened and ventilated.
Racks in mahogany and walnut. Ivory
and colored enamels on maple made to
match samples. A useful and attractive
service for bed and dressing rooms. For
men's and women's clothes. Price $15.

STUDIOS

||HUNfiN6tbN,"WESf VrV||
lliiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiill

FURNITURE

"AS YOU LIKE IT-
UNFINISHED

STAINED — PAINTED
DECORATED TO ORDER

ARTCRAFT FURNITURE CO.

2O3 LEXINGTON AVE.

32ND STREET NEW YORK

SERVICE TABLE WAGON

Saves Thousands of Steps

(1) Has large kroad Table Top (20x30 in.)

(2) TWO Undershelves (to tran.port
ALL the table dishes in ONE TRIP.)

(3) Large center pull-out Drawer.

(4) Double End Guiding Handle..

(5) Equipped with four (4) Rubber Tired
"Scientifically Silent" Swivel Wheels.

(6) A beautiful extra glass Serving Tray.

THE COMBINATION STUDIOS

504-G Cunard Bldg.. Chicago. 111.

ANTIQUE ORIENTAL
RUGS LIKE GLOWING
VELVET

About 100 gems imported
annually compared with 100,-
000 of the usual. A resident
of South Battery, Charles-
ton, writes : "Your rugs have
been an education and a de-
light all these years." Over
95% of my sales are to old
customers : my whole argu-
ment.

Write for descriptive list
of thick, richly-toned an-
tiques. Then order an as-
sortment on approval, ex-
press prepaid, without ob-
ligation. That is why I sell
so many rugs in New York,
Chicago, Boston, etc.

Prices now at the low.' of
many years.

L. B. Lawton, Skaneafeles, N. Y.

Your Garden

From the commonplace to
the interesting is but a
short step. Even the ordi-
nary garden may have
charm and individuality
through the addition of a
bit of statuary, a bird-bath,
or a vase ; and superb ef-
fects can be achieved by
those who give a little
thought to the harmony
that exists between verdure
and weathered stone. Study
the possibilities of your
garden. The fountain illus-
trated here is priced at
$137.50 (F. O. B., N. Y.)
Our catalogue illustrating
a great variety of bird baths and other garden ornaments,
executed in Pompeian Stone, at prices that are practically
normal will provide innumerable suggestions.

THE ERKINS STUDIOS

Established 1910

240 Lexington Avenue, at 34th Street, New York

THE

FLORENTINE CRAFTSMEN

MASTERS of THE METAL ARTS
253 CHURCH ST.
NEW YORK

Phone FRANKLIN 4304

No. Ill
HAND WROUGHT

LANTERN
Size 6"x 1 4"-36"over-
all, 'yellow cathedral
glass wired, black fin-
ish complete, $16.50,
old steel finish, 17.50,
hammered fin. 20.50.

HI!

trm

We are the makers
oj special and dis-
tinctive hand
wrought metal fix-
tures.

JESSICA TREAT

Interior Decoration
Architectural Advice
Decorative Objects

1512 Harlem Boulevard

Rockford, Illinois

Your Summer Porch

38 East 48th St.

New York City

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House & Garden

Retaining Walls in the Landscape Scheme

Home

Is what you

i *j~

A Joyful
Possession-
or Merely
a Shelter

Many home builders fail to realize that a
home can be made something more than a
mere shelter from the elements. When the
weather is fine, they are unable to enjoy to
the utmost the pleasure of sunshine and
breeze.

Even though your plans do not contemplate
a sun parlor or sleeping porch, any room
can be made to include their advantages
through the use of AiR-Way Multifold
Window Hardware.

AiR-Way provides for a full opening of any width
— the windows fold back out of the way — no inter-
ference with screens or draperies. They may be
completely or partially closed in an instant. AiR-
Way hardware positively insures against rattles and
other bothersome features. The windows are abso-
lutely weatherproof.

If you expect to build a new home or remodel the
old one, you should make it a point to learn afl about
the advantages of AiR-Way.

Most reliable hard-
ware and lumber deal-
ers can supply you zvith
AiR-Way Multifold
Window Hardware.
If not, it may be quick-

^PjL& h secured from any
ijgjj^ one of our many
branches. Write today
for a copy of Catalog
M-4.

AURORA,ILLINOIS, U.S.A.

Minneapolis Chicago New York Cleveland

Philadelphia Boston St. Louis Indianapolis

Chicago New York Cleveland

Boston St. Louis Indianapolis

RICHARDS-W1LCOX CANADIAN CO. L"
Winnipeg LONDON. ONT. Montreal

Los Angeles
San Francisco

Manufacturers of "Slidette" — the last word in garage door hardware

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(Continued jrom page 92)

looks down not on frazzled edges,
gullied by the rain, with poor turf at
best, but on a lawn or garden in good
shape with a definite, clean-cut edge,
which in most cases foreshortens
against the street, leaving out of view
the sidewalk and even some of the
pavement. Quite obviously, also, the
more level boundary line due to the
wall opens up great planting oppor-
tunities both in shrubbery and peren-
nial borders or both.

Before analyzing the specific ex-
amples, let us say just a word about
form, texture and color, the three
guide-posts for all who essay any form
of visual art. As to form, the length,
breadth and height are pre-determined
entirely by conditons. The land sur-
face and its consistency largely control
these dimensions. The architecture
alone is open to choice, and in the
main, as in the case of regular enclos-
ing garden walls, this will be in har-
mony with the house style, if not of
the same material.

Influence of the House

Color and texture, too, will be deter-
mined by the appearance of the house
to some extent. However, it will be
found that the most charming results
are attained where native conditions
are allowed to dictate both house and
wall texture and color. For instance, if
field-stone is available nothing is more
pleasing than its proper use both in
house and garden walls. If the terrain
abounds in granite boulders, then a use
of these is desirable. Those who have
been in Bermuda and the West Indies
recall the use of blocks of coraline rock,
constituting the sub-stratum in those
islands. These blocks are carved right
out to form a cellar excavation, and
used as building materials. In South-
ern California there is an adobe-like
clay rock that is readily available and
being of a terra-cotta color makes ex-
quisite wall textures. Thus, the texture
and the color, too, are influenced by
what is at hand. In addition, color can
be achieved in infinite variety by the
use of various tints on plaster and
stucco and the thousand and one vines
and creepers flowering and otherwise.
Thus, individual needs as well as whims
and fancies can have free play.

In one of the illustrations there is
shown a highly individual and success-
ful treatment of steps in a brick retain-
ing-wall and an unusually pleasing
transition of wall to grassy slope. The
need of further support ceased, hence
the wall ceased and a simple shrub
marks its ending.

Another picture shows a delightful
novelty in a combination garden and
retaining wall, each fulfilling its func-
tion to the limit and each in itself
splendidly worked out. A local sand-
stone in shades of tan, yellow and
orange is used with a casual applica-
tion of mortar, giving an informal ef-
fect. There is a stained picket fence
in combination with the sandstone for
a regular garden wall. Not satisfied
with that, evidently for the sake of ad-
ded privacy, great overhanging shrubs
have been planted inside. In this case
roses were used, but forsythia suspensa
would have been fully as charming.
Taken as a whole, this is one of the

happiest combinations of the three
mediums, everything in keeping with
the rules governing form, texture and
color. Use and beauty go hand in hand
with high individuality and without
great expense, the utmost simplicity
prevailing.

Sometimes a retaining wall would be
entirely too expensive, and yet there
is the problem of what to do with a
steep bank or an outright cut, where,
for instance, an avenue comes through.
Such cases lend themselves easily to
vines or ground-cover planting and
provided it be wholly or partially ever-
green, a very satisfactory result is
reached. English ivy (Hedera helix) or
some evonymus are good.

A singular charm issues from the
illustration in the centre of page 74,
which is a decided novelty in retaining
walls and yet adheres to the laws gov-
erning them. It is in a land of many
rocks and boulders and very frequently
there are outcroppings right in the
lawns and gardens. What more natural
than that the walls should be built
of the local stone ! The greatest
harmony is a result and the dictates of
color and texture are fully satisfied.
But the specialty of this wall rests in
the size of the crevices which allow of
individual planting and thus a kind of
rock garden arises, which contains
arabis, sedums, cotoneaster, aquilegia,
primula and others. Thus overhanging
shrubs and climbing vines are done
away with. Instead there is an infinite
variety of color and texture and play
of light and shade. The corner boulder
with a branch of red-berried coton-
easter drooping over it is lovely, the
bare stone adding its own touch of in-
terest to the whole setting. This is
offered as an eminently successful solu-
tion of a problem.

What to Avoid

Finally, we come to two examples of
what not to do, the first a plaster over
brick wall, which in itself is pleasant in
tint and texture and line. The two
scrabbly bushes that hang over are
absolutely wrong, soft fine leaved vines
being required, growing up from below.
A consistent planting of proper shrubs
at the top would give privacy and also
enhance the wall. What spoils this wall
especially is the hideous naked seat or
garden bench backed up against it,
utterly ruining all beauty of line from
the outside and giving the person inside
an uneasy feeling of insufficient support
since naught but thin air is its back-
ground. This teaches one what not to
do with a garden seat as well as gar-
den walls. Remove the seat and the
wall can be made beautiful by planting
and the seat when properly placed and
backed with a suitable setting could be
the focal point of a charming vista,
even if a short one, as in a city garden.

The last illustration is a cross be-
tween a regular garden wall and a
retaining wall but is ugly either way.
Hard white concrete banded like a
barrel drawn tightly in a strip around
two sides of a big yard, which contains
a house of red sandstone, is open to
every kind of criticism. Structurally,
it means nothing, it has no use, no
beauty, no interest of either form,
color or texture.

June, 1922

ndividucitisn\

in Good 'umitu

Quiet Good Taste

THE evident refinement of Elgin A. Simonds
Company Furniture silently creates an at-
mosphere of dignified elegance in your home.
Good furniture must not only be correct in de-
sign and beautiful in finish but should harmo-
nize with every feature of the room. For that
reason a Department of Interior Design func-
tions especially to help you select furnishings in har-
monious good taste. Write directly or through your
dealer for advice.

The best furniture establishments handle Elgin A.
Simonds Company Furniture. Be part icular to look for
the trade-marK on every piece.

Writejor our illustrated Booklet ^

"H" on Furnishing Your Home.

The Flqin A

/Simonds I

ICompanuJ
\Furniturf7

Eloin ~A. Simonds

Companu

Manufacture™ oT furniture

SYRACUSE. N.Y.
NEWYOR.K BOSTON CHICAGO

EED CRAFT

There is just one
"Reedcraft." I lean

be obtained only
from the following dealers

John Wanamaker New York
John Wanamaker

Philadelphia
Paine Furniture Company

Boston
The Halle Bros. Co.

Cleveland, Ohio
Trorlicht-Duncker Carpet

Co. St. Louis

Bobert Keith Furniture
& Carpet Co.

Kansas City, Mo.
James McCreery Co.

New York
The Tobey Furniture Co.

Chicago
W. & J. Sloane

San Francisco
Woodward & Lothrop

Washington, D. C.
The J. L. Hudson Co.

Detroit

The C. W. Fischer Fur-
niture Co. Milwaukee
The M. O'Neil Co.

Akron, Ohio

Dauler-Close Furniture

Co. Pittsburgh

Frederick Loeser & Co.

Brooklyn

McCreery & Co. Pittsburgh
Duff & Repp Furniture Co.
Kansas City, Mo.
Frederick & Nelson

Seattle
Loveman, Joseph & Loeb

Birmingham, Alabama
MacDougall & Southwick

Seattle
The H. & S. Pogue Co.

Cincinnati

Sanger Broa. Dallas

Orchard & Wilhelm Omaha.
Jennings Furniture Co.

Memphis
Howe & Rogers Company

Rochester, N. Y.

The F. G. & A. Howald Co.

Columbus, Ohio

The Van Heusen Charles

Co. Albany, N. Y.

Sydnor & Hundley

Richmond, Va.
Harljour-Longmire Co.

Oklahoma City
Williams & Morgan

UUca, N. Y.

The Flint-Bruce Company

Hartford, Conn.

The Daniels-Fisher Stores

Co. Denver

Lindsay & Morgan

Savannah, Georgia
W. A. French & Co.

Minneapolis
The Stewart Dry Goods Co.

Jjouisville. Ky.
Bass Furniture Co.

Oklahoma City
Parker-Gardner Co.

Charlotte, N. C.
Burgess- Nash Co. Omaha

Q9MPANY

LOU ANCKLES

827 West Si'venth

939 South Broadway

Chicago, 910 Micliigan Ave.

CHARMINGLY TRIMMF.D WITH REAL DRESDEN

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CASSIDY COMPANY

INCORPORATED

"Designers and .-Manufacturers of Lighting Fixtures

Since 1867

101 PARK AVENUE AT FORTIETH STREET
NEW YORK CITY

House & Garden

The Most Beautiful
Range in America

Of pure white porcelain enamel — with hand-
some nickel trimmings — this Electric and Coal
Combination Range has been the point of in-
terest at every Better Homes Show where it
has been exhibited.

EXTO

ELECTRJC 5LCOAL

It is intended primarily for those homes of the
better type — especially those where gas is not
available. Each unit of this range is large
enough in itself for the requirements of the
average family. The electric unit in actual
tests has shown a food saving that averages
15 to 20 percent in cooking or baking. It also
assures a cool kitchen in the hot summer
weather — or when the added heat is desired
the coal unit can be used. Each is so con-
structed that they can be used separately or
together.

Write for illustrated folder
giving full descriptions

THE

S. B. Sexton Stove & Mfg.Go.

500 BLOCK W. CONWAY STREET BALTIMORE, MD.

Flowers for Far and Near

(Continued jrom page 47)

is its value. Flowers of a light to
middle value are visible at a greater
distance than those below middle value,
for below the centre of the scale, so to
speak, color intensity ceases to make
itself felt. For example, Spark's vari-
ety of monkshood is a very clear glow-
ing purple, but the glistening flowers
absorb into the background so quickly
because of their dark value that it is
useless to plant them as a "far" flower.
On the other hand, Aconitum Napellus,
another variety of the same flower,
which is a few degrees lighter in value,
and if anything, less intense as to
chroma. — is effective at considerably
greater distance. Some of the maroon
dahlias, the darker blue delphiniums, the
purple vernonia or iron weed, are all
examples of considerable color intensity
but dark value, and consequent low
carrying power.

Of course, it is quite possible by the
use of quantities of these flowers, more
especially those of light values, to off-
set to a great extent the ineffectiveness
of individuals, by multiplying numbers
into a mass to make an impression on
the landscape. This is true of Queen
Anne's lace, a grayish-green-white flow-
er; of certain of the asters; of the same
sea-lavender I mentioned a while since.
Moreover, in the case of many sorts
of flowers, desirable to mass them in
the distance, because of the beauty of
such a misty cloud of flowers itself, or
because the individual blossoms are
comparatively uninteresting in shape.
And this brings us to another factor in-
fluencing the near or far character of
a flower, — that is its form.

It is the right color which fits a
flower to be effective at a distance, and
the wrong form that unfits it for use
near by. In other words, the form mat-
ters not at all in flowers seen from a
distance if the color is of a sort to
carry well, but of flowers near at hand
the shape must be pleasing, and their
habit of growth good, or the most
beautiful color in the world will not
make them desirable.

The chicory is an excellent illustra-
tion of this point; it grows in a fashion
so straggling as quite to offset its price-
less color for use in the flower border.
Some flowers are like certain sketchy
people, — their general effect is good, but

they lose interest at close range because
of what might be called local inade-
quacies. In this class fall the shaggy
asters, the graceful boltonias, golden-
rod, sun flowers, Salvia azurea, even the
lovely anchusa. Perhaps the flower form
itself lacks interest, perhaps it has an
unpleasant habit of turning brown in
the center like the asters, perhaps the
silky blue petals are too sparse in pro-
portion to the amount of green stem
and calyx as in the salvia, perhaps only
a few flowers along the stem open at
a time. There are various reasons why
the back of the border should be re-
served for the less well-dressed of our
flower friends; their company is neces-
sary to make up the audience, but one
prefers the front rows filled with the
regal splendor of delphiniums, the trim-
ness of phlox and the ruffly prettiness
of Canterbury bells.

Those flowers which grow near the
ground and lurk under their leaves are,
of course, lost to view if planted any
great distance from the beholder ; violets,
pansies, forget-me-nots, bleeding heart,
are among the less conspicuously carried
blossoms and they need to be given a
foreground position in the garden if
their charms are to be appreciated to
the full.

Many other flowers there are, the
delicacy of whose beauty is lost unless
it can be seen at close range; the but-
terfly-grace of Aquilegia chrysantha, the
fairy poise of Delphinium Moerheimii
(white larkspur) ; the curve of the buds
of some tea roses. To use these for
distance planting would be to hide their
lights, or at least to obscure them, for
when delicacy of detail constitutes a
flower's chief charm it is best to display
this charm, like that of old lace, where
it can be examined.

Of course, many flowers which stand
the strain of a "close-up" are effective
in the distance as well, the larkspurs,
California, Shirley and Oriental poppies,
day-lilies, madonna lilies, Phlox Cocque-
licot and the white and salmon phloxes.
The test which a "far" flower should be
able to pass, is: does its color carry
well? Is it pleasing in quantity at a
distance? And that which a "near"
flower should fulfill: Is its form inter-
esting and is its habit of growth a good
one?

The Rock Garden of An Amateur

(Continued from page 63)

his rock garden he selected a section
traversed by the clear stream of a little
brook. In a total area covering ap-
proximately two acres we notice that
the motif recurring through the princi-
pal part of the owner's work consists
of an endeavor to perfect a harmonious
combination of the beauty of rocks and
naturalistic rock grouping with the
beauty of a vegetation of trees, shrubs
and flowers selected for his purpose. As
to Mr. Llewellyn's individual concep-
tion and angle of vision while coping
with the many intricate constructional
problems, his sojourns in Japan and his
personal study and absorbing interest in
Japanese gardens evidently decided the
issue. They explain his mode of bank-
ing the lines, building the waterfalls
and the way of bridging a brook which
is apt to become turbulent at flood
times. There is absolutely no sign of
any special preference for the native
flora of Japan, as in gardens built by
the Japanese, nor has any noticeable
attempt been made to introduce, at
least in part, the mountainous Alpine
character adhered to by a majority of
the profession here and abroad. What
the beholding visitor is regaled by is an
aspect reflecting the strong individuality

of an observant naturalist rather than
the exploiting of established styles and
scholastic doctrines without regard to
personality.

As a distinguished creation of the
self-active, ambitious type of American
amateurs, the rock garden of Mr.
Llewellyn represents first of all work
accomplished with love. Picturesque,
bulky ruggedness in construction gives
us the sensation of a happy security in
its permanent character. Successive
evanescent arrays of flowers and foliage
evoke cheer throughout the growing
season, while the charm of the ever-
green plantation's verdancy during
dreary winter days never fails to exert
its comforting effect on the human
mind and vision. Adding in this case
Nature's priceless gift, the brook,
humored down the moonlit path of
fanciful suggestions by an artist, we
not only feel the communicative joy of
our most advanced rock garden ama-
teurs over work compelling general ad-
miration, but we also realize that rock
gardens by virtue of their artistic
merits will enhance the beauty of out-
door surroundings and in time become
the pride of many refined American
homes.

June, 1922

55tfi St

INTERIOR^ 'DECORATIONS

Whether the dining room
be planned for a summer
home, or in the low -toned
restraint of wood paneling
and tapestries, the furniture
and accessories should be
in harmonious relationship.

An Ovine ton gift is an un-
spoken epigram, pleasant
to utter and even more se-
ductive to receive. And
the ratio of cost to satis-
faction is surprisingly low I

Gifts for the
Bride of June

THE June version of Oving-
ton's Book of Gifts has just
been printed. It contains
hundreds of new and clever
thoughts in gift giving. For
Ovington's have gathered
all the world over a mar-
velous collection of comely
things which will thrill the
heart of any bride.

The edition of this Book of
Gifts is not unlimited, so we
suggest that you write for
it now.

OVINGTON'S

"The Qift Shop of Fifth oAvenue"

FIFTH AVENUE AT 39TH STREET

oAn Enchanting Gift to
the June Bride

The Brambach Baby Grand

Suggest the gift of a Brambach Baby Grand to any
June Bride and watch her face light up with enthusi-
astic anticipation. For what new home maker does not
dream of owning a Baby Grand?

The Brambach is a real artistic achievement — a com-
pact grand piano — only 4 feet 8 inches long — indi-
vidual in design and delightful and resonant in tone,
at the price of a high-grade upright piano.

Displayed and sold by leading piano dealers everywhere.

BRAMBACH PIANO COMPANY

Mart P. Campbell, President.

645 West 49th Street

New York City

Kindly send me a Brambach Catalog, together with a Paper
Pattern, showing the exact floor space the Brambach requires.

Was h and Bathe in Running Water

Shower ^*&
When fatigued

— proves the value of the
shower when you are not

There's no better test of the
shower — that it really does
relieve fatigue and soothe frayed
nerves — than to stand under
those rushing, cleansing jets
when you are really fagged out.
Notice how the ache leaves the
muscles, and how you are "toned
up." It takes only a couple of
minutes. And then again, you
are clean, for you used the water
only once— and it ran off.

Now, doesn't this instant relief
of fatigue prove that the daily
shower will build up a resistance
against fatigue ?

There are Speakman Showers for
all bathrooms. The one shown,
H-965, is a stall type. The *Mix-
ometer controls the temperature
of both the overhead shower and
needle bath. Either of these can
be used independent of the other.

Your plumber knows Speakman
Showers. Ask him for a
Speakman Shower booklet — or
write us.

SPEAKMAN COMPANY

WILMINGTON, DELAWARE

*Mixometers, both con-
cealed and exposed types
have been used success-
fully for many years in
residences, hotels and
institutions. The Mix-
ometer is exclusively a
Speakman product.

House & Garde

PROMINENT FEATURES OF THE

1922 INTERNATIONAL FLOWER

SHOW IN NEW YORK CITY

(Continued on page 100)

The F. R. Pierson
exhibit included two
distinct but logically
connected units — • a
slope of shrub sur-
rounded lawn and
stream and, separated
from it by. a low
hedge, this delightful
spring bulb garden,
with its sundial, seat
and fountain pool.
All of the gardens
shown on these pages
were gold medal win-
ners

One of Bobbink &
Atkins' offerings was
a rock garden built
on a hillock, the sum-
mit crowned by a
rustic summer-house.
A wide variety of
rock plants grew in it

A glimpse in that
part of the F. R.
Pierson Co.'s garden
which adjoined the
bulb garden shown at
the top of this page.
One could scarcely
believe that it was
built indoors

An Object Lesson
On Radiator Enclosures

HERE is a delightful morning
room from which alluringly
opens a conservatory. The radia-
tors in the latter are carefully con-
cealed behind an especially de-
signed grille, while those in the
morning room, being unhidden,
stand out like iron sentinels on
either side of the doorway.
How simple it would have been to
have hidden them with a combina-
tion wood and metal enclosure,
which is both simple to make and
far from expensive.

The wooden part the owner could
easily have had made, while we
could have furnished the Decora-
tive Metal Grilles, in any finish de-
sired.

The sketches suggest two possible
treatments, each using our regular
Standard Decorative Grille de-
signs, of which we have at least
500 designs to choose from.
Our booklet called "Radiator En-
closures" is full of help hint sug-
gestions. You and your friends
are most welcome to a copy.

TUTTLE & BAILEY MFG Co.

2 West 45th St.

New York

fi^^

GUARANTEED

Silky Sunfast Fabrics

HANGINGS, upholstery, lampshades, wall coverings, all in
rich, gorgeous KAPOCK with designs and colorings to
match. Can you picture such a room ?

Many suggestions for beautiful harmonious effects
in our illustrated "KAPOCK SKETCH BOOK".
Send us your dealer's name and get it free.

Don't forget that KAPOCK'S fade-proof, wash-proof colors
and its double width for splitting,
make it the fabric economical.

A. THEO. ABBOTT 6? CO.

Dep't C Philadelphia, Pa.

Be sure it's KAPOCK. Genuine has namejf
or -white basting thread on sel-vage.-±.

\ BEAUTIFULLY decorative Elec-
_i\ trie Fan complete, with carved
pedestal to match, in Black Enamel and
Gold or Ivory Enamel with attractive
color stripes. It is a charmingly new
setting for an electric fan and fits de-
lightfully into any interior, insuring
comfort during the breathless summer
hours. The Fan is specially quiet in
operation.

It is fitted with a three speed guaranteed
Universal Motor, operated on either direct
or alternating current. The base is heavily
weighted, and the fan, which may be tilted in
any position, securely fastened to the pedestal
making it safe for any location. Price $75.00,
in either finish. 10" blade; height, 6'.

As dealers have not yet been selected in the
various cities, you may order from us and
we will ship through a New York dealer.
When ordering by mail, send check or money
order and fan will be shipped express charges
collect.

Crucct Jfflanufactunng Co.

292 Jtftlf An?., Jfaii fork

PATENTED

100

House & Garden

Residence of E. S. Mills
Hewlett. L.I.

John C. Greenleaf,
Architect

Choosing the Heating System

There are various kinds of heating systems, with
much to be said in favor of each, but they are all
embraced under two classifications: warm fresh air
or reheated stale air.

Steam and hot water systems do not provide for
fresh air, and the heat is so dry that the floors and
furniture pull apart, veneers peel off, and many a
valuable family heirloom is ruined. Then there is
also the danger of bursting and leaking.

The Kelsey Warm Air Generator fills your house
with warm, fresh air, a special cap forces an extra
supply to the room that is hard to heat; the auto-
matic humidifier provides a degree of moisture that
produces health and comfort, the exhausted air is
drawn off through vents at the floor line, and the
cost for fuel is less than any other system.

Before you decide on your heating system, let us
send you "Some Saving Sense On Heating" which
explains the construction and operation of the
Kelsey Warm Air Generator.

HE.

WARM AIR GENERATOR

(Tr.de Mark Registered)

237 James St., Syracuse, N.Y.

New York Office
565-K Fifth Ave. (Cor. 46th St.)

Boston (9) Office
405-K P. O. Sq. Bld?.

Trade Mark

Registered

Walks that wound among dogwoods,
magnolias and other blossoming things
invited exploration and leisurely enjoy-
ment of the flowers on all sides

Prominent Features of the 1922 International
Flower Show in New York City

(Continued on page 102)

Rockwork sprinkled with groupings of iris, saxifrage, ferns
and a host of other plants, flanked a narrow path through
the shrubbery. The two views on this page were taken
in the Julius Roehrs Co. garden, which was awarded an
additional gold medal by the Garden Club of America

June, 1922

101

Entrance to First Floor of Our gallery

P. JACKSON HIGGS

IMPORTANT

Mr. Higgs announces the placing on sale of many ex-
amples from two important and historic houses of England.

There are no less than eighteen Panelled Rooms from one
house including superb Mantels and Furniture of I lie period.

Also included are all the Garden Ornaments, Fountains,
Lead Figures and Marble Statuary, very important Paint-
ings and rare Chinese Porcelains.

A list of the objects will be forwarded on request.
11 East 54th St. New York City

ROOKWOOD

POTTERY, TILES & SCULPTURE

give distinction to the
house and garden.

THE ROOKWOOD POTTERY COMPANY

Rookwood Place, Cincinnati, Ohio

[TODHUNTER]

Wood and Marble Mantels
Fireplace Equipment

QUAINT HAND WROUGHT METAL WORK

For the Country House

LANTERNS, WEATHER VANES, FOOT SCRAPERS, KNOCKERS,
WALL LIGHTS, BELL PULLS, COLONIAL AND ENGLISH HANDWARE

ARTHUR TODHUNTER, 4 14 MADISON AVE. NEW YORK

--.-

Danersk Decorative Furniture

IN Danersk Furniture you have a flexible me-
dium, an opportunity for self-expression in the
furnishing of your home. You may select and
assemble individual pieces in the spirit of a col-
lector and view the result as an achievement that
worthily reflects your cherished ideas of fitness
and beauty.

For example, the Spanish Group in old ivory
and blue may appeal to you. This group was
made with full appreciation of beauty in color
and integrity in construction. If you are given
the opportunity of choosing just the pieces you
want for a given room and can havefthem finished
in some delightful scheme that is just what your
home needs, does this not mean more to you
than mere furniture? Perhaps the reason why
the most prominent decorators are constant users
of Danersk Furniture is because such variety and
completeness of individuality are obtainable in it.
Decorators and their clients are always welcome.
Send for Early American Brochure C-6

ERSKINE-DANFORTH CORPORATION

2 West 47th Street, New York.
315 No. Michigan Ave., Chicago. 645 So. Olive St., Los Angeles.

102

House & Garden

The House You Will Call Home

EVERY element in it from cellar
to roof must live long in order
to serve economically. Take the
piping system for example — how im-
portant it is that the best pipe should
be used. How important it is that
Reading Genuine Wrought Iron Pipe
should be installed throughout.

Reading Wrought Iron Pipe, having
the ability to resist corrosion, lives on
an average two to three times longer
than the best steel pipe. The use of
Reading eliminates those frequent tear-
up-the-house variety of replacements
which are costly and extremely dis-
turbing.

Many huge structures, including the Sears
Roebuck Building in Philadelphia, are in-
stalled throughout with Reading Wrought
Iron Pipe. Materials used in such build-
ings are bought with extreme care and almost
exact knowledge as to the ultimate cost.
The sam practice should hold true when
building your home.

Whatever your building operations may be,
Reading Wrought Iron Pipe will best suit
your needs. A talk with your architect will
convince you of its low ultimate cost.

Write for the booklet, "The Ultimate Cost."
It covers many interesting points on pipe
installations and costs.

SEND FOR THIS

BOOKLET

It contains instructive in-
formation on pipe costs
and the best installation
methods. Also literature
on Reading Cut Nails,
which hold and prevent
squeaking floors.

STEEL

IRON

The above are actual un-
retouched photographs of
vent pipes on Wanamak-
er's Store, Philadelphia.
Both these pipes were in-
stalled in 1907. Under like
conditions Reading Genu-
ine Wrought Iron Pipe far
outlived the steel pipe.
Note conditions of both
pipes.

" 'Reading' on every length"

READING IRON COMPANY

READING, PENNA.

BOSTON BALTIMORE CHICAGO

NEW YORK PITTSBURGH FORT WORTH

PHILADELPHIA CINCINNATI LOS ANGELES

World's largest makers of Genuine Wrought Iron Pipe

READING

WROUGHT IRON PIPE

Prominent Features of the 1922 International
Flower Show in New York City

(Continued on page 104)

(Above) A corner in the head-
quarters booth of the City Gar-
den Club o/ New York. It was
designed by Ruth Dean, land-
scape architect

Cromwell Gardens presented a
delightful rose garden which
was especially interesting because
it was entirely practical to work
out under outdoor conditions

...»•' i

«r--->

-:'

A. third view of the Roehrs exhibit, where the foreground
was filled by a still pool among rocks,_ reflecting dark ever-
greens and rhododendrons lighted with the pink of their
blossoms

June, 1922

103

ifcfe

No. 31174

Height. 6fi inches

A Reading Lamp of

Refinement and Beauty

THIS LAMP, aside from being an
object of beauty in itself, serves
many illuminating needs which no
other lamp of this type performs.

A lamp for reading; for the bridge
table; unique in its flexible ability
to throw a proper light on paintings,
or on ornamental bindings in a
bookcase.

Not a period lamp, but adorned
with sufficient ornament.

Finished in any combination of co-
lors; silver and blue enamel being
especially recommended. Shade of
silk or parchment.

We shall be pleased to submit
sketches and advice to those
genuinely interested in correct
lighting fixtures.

Write for our small portfolio
showing a few authentic pieces.
Prices on request.

Robert Phillips Company, Inc.

Artisans in all Metals
101 Park Ave. (at 40th Street) New York City

me W. Irvmg Forge, inc.

The W. Irving
Knocker
No. 613

hand forced

hardware.

TRXDC MARK

W. Irving HAND-FORGED
HARDWARE is most dis-
tinctive HARDWARE

For Homes, Churches,
Camps or Bungalows of
individuality.

Lighting Fixtures, Bells,
Lanterns, Shoe Scrapers,
Toasting Forks, Fireplace
Sets, etc.

No. 161

The II''. Irving Hinge No. 60

mile us or visit our shop

326-328 Cast 38»St Rew Yorfe Gite

Telephone rturray Rail 8536.

Curtains for Country and Sea Shore

curtain illustrated above is made of Imported
Cord Muslin finished front and bottom with
inch hem and 2 inch cotton Lace Insertion. 36
inches wide — 2 }£ yards long — $4.75 a pair.
Ruffle Curtains are very popular ths season and
our assortment is complete.

Marquisette finished with 1 li inch hem a/id 3
inch gathered ruffle of same.

36 inches wide 2 >4 yards long — $2.50 a pair.

Estimates cheerfully given. Catalog No. 62 sent on request.

Furniture Household Linens Draperies

Awnings Curtains Window Shades

Department of Interior Decorations

land 5 Vest 37th Street Newark

AT FIFTH AVENUE.

Me Gibbon

Satisfaction

Tobey-made Furniture

AAUCH of the
* * world's finest
furniture is painted fur'
niture. Tobey artists
create our furniture
design — conceive the
idea, work out the
details, and execute
them. Send for our
brochure 4.

The Tobey Furniture Company

Wibash Avenue
CHICAGO

Fifth Avenue
NEW YOPvK

104

House & Garden

They Fight Film

They who have pretty teeth

Note how many pretty
teeth are seen everywhere to-
day. Millions are using a
new method of teeth clean-
ing. They remove the dingy
film. The same results will
come to you if you make this
ten-day test.

Why teeth are cloudy

Your teeth are coated with
a viscous film. It clings to
teeth, gets between the teeth
and stays. Film absorbs
stains, then it often forms
the basis of thin, dingy coats.
Tartar is based on film.

Old brushing methods do
not effectively combat it. So
most teeth are discolored
more or less.

Thus film destroys tooth
beauty. It also causes most
tooth troubles. It holds food
substance which ferments
and forms acid. It holds the
acid in contact with the teeth
to cause decay.

Germs breed by millions in
it. They, with tartar, are the
chief cause of pyorrhea, now
so alarmingly common.

Now a daily remover

Dental science, after long
research, has found two ways
to combat film. Authorities
have proved their efficiency.
Now leading dentists, nearly
all the world over, are urging
their daily use.

A new-type tooth paste has
been created to comply with
modern requirements. These
two film combatants are em-
bodied in it. The name of
that tooth paste is Pepso-
dent.

Its unique effects

Pepsodent, with every use,
attacks the film on teeth.

It also multiplies the
starch digestant in the saliva.
That to digest the starch de-
posits which may cling to
teeth and form acids.

It multiplies the alkalinity
of the saliva. That is Nature's
neutralizer for the acids
which cause decay.

In these three ways it
fights the enemies of teeth
as nothing else has done.

One week will show

Watch these effects for a
few days. Send the coupon
for a 10-Day Tube. Note how
clean the teeth feel after
using. Mark the absence of
the viscous film. See how
teeth whiten as the film-coats
disappear. Enjoy the re-
freshing after-effects.

Do this to learn what
millions know — the way to
whiter, cleaner, safer teeth.
Cut out the coupon now.

1 0-Day Tube Free

858

THE PEPSODENT COMPANY.

Dept. 992, 1104 S. Wabash Aye., Chicago, 111.
Mail 10-day tube of Pepsodent to

ONLY ONE TCBB TO A FAMILY

The New-Day Dentifrice

Endorsed by modern au-
thorities and now advised
by leading dentists almost
the world over. Used by
careful people of some
forty races. All druggists
supply the large tubes.

First prize in the model garden competition was

awarded to Mrs. Charles Willing, Chestnut Hill,

Philadelphia

Prominent Features of the 1922 International
Flower Show in New York City

(Above) Mrs. Al-
bert R. Ledoux'
spring flowering
window box won
first prize in Class
B

Another prize-
winner in the win-
dow box competi-
tion was made up
entirely of foliage
plants

The miniature garden contest brought out some excellent entries.
This second prize winner was only about 3' square

June, 1922

105

Forthe Firepl

in Your New Home

With this beautiful gas fire you
can save several hundred dollars
on each fireplace because it does
away with the expensive large
flue and ash pit.

You can install a Radiantfire
for the price of ordinary fire-
place equipment and have double
the heat at less cost. See one at
your gas company or your local
dealers or write for booklet.
GENERAL GAS LIGHT COMPANY

No. 112

Colonial Design
For 24" to 36" openings

w York Kalamazou San Franciaco

VENTILATING

PORCH SHADES

T 7SE your porch more this
summer. Aerolux Porch
Shades will keep out the sun's
glare, but let in plenty of fresh
air from top to bottom. Easily
hung, substantially made, finish-
ed in many pleasing colors.

THE AEROSHADE COMPANY

Waukesha, Wisconsin

"Book of Porches"

Write for the "Book of
Porches" suggesting
ways to increase porch
use and beauty.

ICE CREAM

without cranking!

In the Auto Vacuum,
ice cream literally
makes itself.

rPHIS freezer has no crank! Simply r__
•*- ice-and-salt in at one end; the cream
mixture at the other. Set the freezer aside,
and leave it alone (with an occasional stir)
— and the ice cream makes itself!
It is a neat, all-metal container, white en-
ameled, as light as aluminum ware.
CMOOTH ice cream can now be made in
*J less than an hour with no labor, and
with much less ice than before.
Pure, home-made ice cream is a treat in-
deed! It's a pleasure now from start to
finish!

Write for interesting booklet "II" —
Desserts That Mak

Themselves.

AUTO VACUUM FREEZER CO., Inc.
220 W. 42nd St. New York, N. Y.

Sat with Uour
dcquire this Sixth Sense by Using

The Refined ,

iper Doilies

Summer llomes
Summer Porches
Lawn Pa rt ies
Picnic LuncKes
Buffet Suppers

Winter Homes
Breakfasts
Luncheons
Teas
Suppers
T r a j s

Conservatories

Hospitals

Under

All Moist Foods

where the use of

real linens offends

good taste.

Also Under

Fruits, Soups

Rolls, Ices

Meats, Cakes

Candy and

100 et ceteras.

Appetizing Daintiness Without Labor

The American Paper Doily — a Delicate Illusion of Lace and Linen

AMERICAN LACE PAPER COMPANY MILWAUKEE, Wis.

American Lace Paper Co.

Milwaukee, Wis.
Pleas* send me your special
t-«?o gross package — 4 patterns
in individual gift boxes for the
enclosed $1.00 bill.

106

House <fr Garden

The Insignia of the
World's largest
maker of All-Clay
Plumbing Fixtures

F.O.B. Trenton

IEPE

rater Closets

FOR EVERY PLACE AND PURSE

A NOISY closet in the modern home is a sign of indiffer-
ence to the feelings of. guests and family. You can keep
closet noise out of your house by keeping out the kind of a
closet that makes a noise.

The Quiet Si-wcl-clo closet incorporates all the good mechanical features
a water closet should have and adds that of extraordinarily quiet oper-
ation. It is the leader of a group of water closets which The Trenton
Potteries Company has developed to meet the needs of every building
from the big hotel to the modest bungalow.

We, of course, consider the Silent Si-wel-clo the most desirable. For those
who cannot afford it, we make other good closets. Into our "Welling,"
"Merit" and "Saxon" we have merged as many of the
excellencies of the Silent Closet as possible. Each in
its class and at its price is the best the market affords.
Each is equipped with a tankof glistening white china,
with surface unaffected by stain, acid or soil, and
trouble-proof working parts.

We have priced these four closet outfits fairly, f.o.b.
Trenton, and are shipping them completely crated co
the plumbing contractor. We know it v/ill pay you
to insist upon your plumber furnishing them.

Our new booklets tell how to distinguish
between the different types and why some
are belter thanothers. Send for Edition H

THE TRENTON POTTERIES COMPANY

TRENTON, NEW JERSEY, U.S.A. •

BOSTON NEW YORK SAN FRANCISCO

World's largest makers of All-Clay Plumbing Fixtures

The flower flies are
those swift darting
little fellows that
have a way of pois-
ing motionless in
mid-air for seconds
at a time

Mimicry is apparent
in some species of
flies. Certain kinds
resemble bees, others
look like wasps, and
still others suggest
bumble-bees

The RELATION of FLIES to FLOWERS

A'.L flies, generally considered, are a
pest. But this superficial opinion
is far from the truth, for if their
life-history is somewhat closely ob-
served, it must be revised in their favor.
Some of the flies may be considered as
health police which, wherever a vege-
table or animal body is going over to
decay, will soon come to remove it.
Others are vicious blood-sucking fel-
lows. And, between these two ex-
tremes, are found the honey or flower
flies, dainty and beautiful insects which
have adapted themselves to visiting
flowers.

The group of flies is not so very old.
The carboniferous period with its flow-
erless plants could not offer them sus-
tenance. The remains of the first num-
erous species belonged to the families
of Bibionidtf (March flies), Muscidce
(house flies and their allies), Syrphidaz
(flower flies), Oestridtz (gad flies and

bot flies), Empidoe (dance flies),
AsilidtE (robber flies), Culicidce (mos-
quito), Cecidomyidce (midges), etc. So
one can say that the development of
the flowering plants went hand in hand
with the development of the flies. Even
today the fly and the flower are closely
related.

A number of families are specially
organized for pollenation, while others,
lacking this specialization, are still suf-
ficiently numerous to be important in
the fertilization of the flower. In the
class of Brachycera there are many
genera which do this work, as they are
just as important as many butterflies.
The pollen is usually carried by the
hairs of the body and is so transmitted
from flower to flower.

The flower flies, thick-headed flies
(Conopidce), bee flies, and dance flies
are the most important insects in this
(Continued on page 108)

Pollen gathering by a fly. Figures 2, 3
and 4 show stages in the bending down
of the anther to touch the fly's back as
he presses into the flower. The pollen
thus deposited is transported to the pistil
of a female flower

June, 1922

107

Ventilating
Porch Shades

The Porch Beautiful
and Comfortable —
7s a Vudor Porch

Whether viewed from the ex-
terior or interior, Vudor Ven-
tilating Shades enhance the
appearance of any porch.
— but their greater service lies
in their ability to subdue the
sun's heat and glare, keeping
your porch cool as a mountain
top and shady as an arbor.

Why go away this summer
when you can enjoy vacation
comfort on your porch enclosed
with Vudor Shades. Eat, sleep
and entertain on your porch —
secure from curious eyes.

Vudor Shades are made of wood
slats beautifully stained in perma-
nent colors — arranged so that you
see passers-by but they cannot see
you. Ventilator woven in top —
exclusive Vudqr feature — assures
perfect ventilation. There's noth-
ing quite like them for appearance,
utility and comfort. Write for
color illustrations, prices and name
of local dealer.

Hough Shade Corporation

261 Mills St. Janesville, Wit.

SELF-HANGING

Vudor

VENTILATING

HOT FLO

Electric Faucet
Heats Water Instanth

Approved

National

Board of

Fire Under"

Writers

An Unseen Refinement
that Banishes the Garbage Can

IN hundreds of carefully planned homes of more
recent construction there are no unsanitary, un-
sightly waste receptacles to mar the neatness of
well-kept grounds. Their place is taken by the
Kernerator, a brick incinerator built into the base of
the chimney when the house is erected, that disposes
of all household waste — wilted flowers, broken
crockery, tin cans, garbage.

This material is dropped into the handy hopper door,
located on the first floor in the flue, and it falls to the
brick incinerator in the basement. At intervals it is
lighted and burns itself up without odor. Non-com-
bustibles are dried and sterilized and later dropped
into the ashpit. The Kernerator costs nothing to
operate since no coal, wood,
gas or oil is required for fuel.

(-/. your architect about the
Kernerator and write for an in-
teresting booklet we have just
prepared, showing some of the
fine homes in which it is
installed.

KERNER INCINERATOR Co.

1025 Chestnut St., Milwaukee,
Wis.

ERNERATOR

Built-in-tHe-CHimitey

Reg. U. S. Patent Office

HOT FLO ELECTRIC FAUCET should be in every
home, — office, — shop, — doctors' and dentists' offices,
in fact wherever hot water is wanted quickly.

Safest, cleanest, most econom-
ical and convenient. Easily in-
stalled by any mechanic on

Heats water instantaneously
only when needed, and just
the amount needed. Simply
turn the faucet and you get
hot or cold water as de-
sired.

any bowl or basin substituting
for regular faucet. Graceful
and finished in nickel.

JUST THE THING FOR THAT BUNGALOW

Price $25 Complete

Tear out this ad, write your name plainly and mail to address below. A
"HOT FLO" Electric Faucet complete will be sent you at once. Send
check with order or pay the postman.

Name Address

City.

Or write for illustrated folder

HOT FLO ELECTRIC CO., 39th Street & Seventh Ave., New York City

Perfect Protection for Your
Walls, Decorations and Draperies'

Here is a means of protecting your wall-
paper from those unsightly black smudges
and reducing the dirt and dust in your
rooms to a minimum. The patented Dust
Trap, an exclusive Shapco feature, incon-
spicuously placed under the top of the
shield makes

Shqpco
Radiator
Shields

a trap for the dust and soot carried by
the heated air. The accumulated dust is
easily reached and removed with a damp
cloth.

Beautifies any Radiator

Shapco Shields are artistic in design, adding
grace and beauty to any radiator — highly
ornamental as well as useful. They have metal
backs and sides, and metal tops support various
colored marbles or plate glass over cretonne,
damask or brocade.

Write us for full information
and name of nearest dealer

Sodemann Heat & Power Co., 2302 Morgan St., St. Lou's

108

House & Garden

Attractive and

Enduring Homes

THESE attractive homes in
the beautiful Country Club
District of Kansas City are
built for comfort, beauty and
endurance.

Siding, shingles and other parts
exposed to soil moisture and the
weather are built of Redwood.
Every fibre of Redwood is im-
pregnated during the growth of
the tree with a natural, odorless
preservative which protects it
against all forms of rot and
decay as well as against the
elements and the attacks of
boring worms and insects.

Redwood is not expensive. It
gives permanent beauty to your
home and keeps down repair
expense.

// you are planning to build, send
for "Redwood Homes" booklet.
To architects, engineers and indus-
trial executives we will gladly send
our "Construction Digest" and
our "Engineering Digest",

Redwood siding being laid.
All clear wood, no Knots,
splits or other defects.

THE PACIFIC LUMBER CO. of Illinois

2081 McCorm.ck Bid*. 823 No. 40 Rector St. Bldg.

New York City

THE PACIFIC LUMBER CO.
San Francisco Los Angeles

Redwood
should be
specified for

Exterior
Construction

including — Col-
onial aiding, clap-
boards, xhinfflfx,
door and window
frames — gutters,
caves, water ta
vies and mudxill.t
— • porch rail*.
balusters and col-
umns — moulding
and lattice. Pick-
ets and fencing.
Pergolas a n d
greenhouses.

Interior Finish

\atural, stalm'd
or painted.
Wood lllncl;
Floors.

Farm and
Dairy Uses

Such ax — Silos,
tanks and trough*
— • // o g feeders
and implement
sheds — IV o o d
block floors, etc.

Qfo Pacific Lumber Co.

The Largest Manufacturers and Distributors of California Redwood

"The Western wood for Eastern homes"

The Relation of Flies to Flowers

(Continued from page 106)

respect. The other flies use the gifts of
the flower in a superficial manner. The
most highly organized are the Syrphidce,
the distinctive flower flies, little crea-
tures hovering in one and the same spot
for seconds on end. This family fer-
tilizes more flowers than all other flies
combined. The families just mentioned
have proboscises up to 12 mm. in length
with which they suck the nectar, while
the flower flies also eat pollen. But
some of the Muscidce and Stratiomyda
also drink nectar and eat pollen, and so
become important as cross-pollenators.

The hairy bodied bee flies are ideally
adapted for holding and transmitting
pollen from flower to flower. These
dainty insects are admirable fliers, per-
forming gymnastics in the air. They
dart and shoot, dance and circle, so
fast that the eye can not follow them
in their flight. Suddenly they seem to
be frozen in mid-air, swerve to one side,
hover again as if uncertain of their des-
tination, and away they go.

It is the malodorous flowers such as
Crataegus (hawthorn), Arum (a rela-
tive of Jack-in-the-Pulpit), etc., which
attract many other insects, especially
the flesh flies (Sarcophagidce) . The
odor of the plants is often mistaken to
such an extent that they deposit their
eggs on such flowers, and when the
larva; hatch, they must die of hunger.

Although the larvae of the flies are
parasitic, the adults never are, and the
food of the larva is entirely different
from that of the adult. In the larval
stage they have far different mouth-
parts and digestive systems, other or-
gans and instincts. The larva of Eristalis
lives in filth and manure; the adult is
a visitor of the flowers and eats pollen.
The larvae of Oestridce (gad flies and
bot flies) and their relatives live in the
stomachs of horses and mules; the
adults, on the other hand, are depend-
ent upon the flower. The adult females
of Empis and Pamphomyia are robbers,
which attack other, tinier insects and
suck them dry; the males on the con-
trary lead a peaceful and nectar drink-
ing existence.

Mimicry is also found among the flies,
and of all animals those are most often
imitated which possess a poisonous barb.
The species of Eristalis living from and
upon the flowers are only too often mis-
taken for bees. Volucella bombylans
resembles a bumble bee. The Syrphidx
and Conopidoe (flower flies) resemble
wasps. This resemblance is most
marked, bodily shape, size and markings
being only too often identical. That
these insects, so protected by this col-
oration, are not so frequently attacked
by their predacious fellows can readily
be assumed.

GOVERNMENT BULLETINS
THAT HELP

HIGH temperatures and dry
weather in June, July and Aug-
ust are unfavorable for good
yields of high quality potatoes.

The Nebraska Experiment Station in
its Extension notes says: "Those who
have grown potatoes under a straw
mulch find that they get good yields
even in extremely dry years, that the
quality is greatly improved and that
they can use these potatoes for seed.
The reason is that under a straw mulch
the soil temperature does not rise rap-
idly in the day time and drop down
at night as is the case in cultivated
ground. Then, too, the straw mulch
serves to hold the moisture and to
check weed growth.

"The seed is planted just as though
the patch were cultivated but not over
two or three inches deep. When the
potatoes have begun to sprout through
the ground, the whole patch is cov-
ered with from five to six inches of
straw, preferably wheat straw. If the
ground happens to be crusted over pre-
vious to the sprouting of the potatoes,
it is advisable to break this crust by
cultivating.

"It is best not to try the straw mulch
method of growing potatoes near the
chicken yard, since chickens are bound
to scratch around in this straw and
thereby break off the young sprouts,
moreover, they are about as fond of
the new potatoes as human beings."

THE history of agriculture is a
record of man's attempts to cope
successfully with the weed prob-
lem. When man selected certain plants
to grow, he found a multitude of in-
vading plants competing with his crops
for moisture, food, sunlight and space.
After the preparation of the seed bed,
the principal object of cultivation is to
prevent the growth of weeds.

There are no magic methods for con-
trolling weeds. Destroying weeds means
hard work, but intelligent effort will
reduce the amount of labor consider-
ably. The following general methods
of weed control may be of considerable
assistance.

Prevent weeds from seeding. Young
weeds are easy to destroy, old weeds

are difficult to kill and foul the soil
with seeds.

Prepare the seed bed well, thus de-
stroying thousands of weed seedlings.

Co-operate with your neighbors in
controlling weeds, particularly weeds
possessing wind-distributed seeds. Mow
roadside, fence row and waste places
in mid-June and mid-August.

Practice hand weeding. Frequently
a few hours spent in hand weeding will
prevent a great deal of future trouble.

Rotate the crops. A cultivated crop
that is well tilled will act as a cleansing
crop and will destroy many weeds.
Land planted continuously to a single
crop is certain to become badly in-
fested with weeds.

Utilize smother crops. Clean cultiva-
tion followed by a smother crop will
control many weeds.

Practice surface cultivation after
harvest, thereby inducing the germina-
tion of a large number of weed seeds.
Many of the resulting seedlings will be
killed by frost.

Do not plow under weeds bearing
seeds; cut and burn instead.

Maintain soil fertility. Keep the
land productive by the addition of
organic matter (either animal manure
or green manure), by the use of chemi-
cal fertilizers and lime where needed,
and by draining where necessary. Un-
less this is done, the weeds are certain
to come in. Strong, vigorous crops
mean fewer weeds. Give the crops a
chance to show what they can do.

Don't sow weed seeds. After the
land is comparatively weed free, com-
post all manure known to contain large
numbers of weed seeds (such as city
stable manure). Most important of
all, sow clean seed.

The Indiana seed law designates
eighteen noxious weeds; Buckthorn,
bracted plantain, common plantain,
Canada thistle, chicory, com cockle,
dodder, wild mustard, horse nettle, ox-
eye, daisy, prickly lettuce, quack grass,
red sorrel, white top, wild carrot, wild
garlic, and yellow trefoil.

They are illustrated and described
with approved methods of eradication
and control in Circular No. 106, of the
(Continued on page 112)

June, 1 922

109

From Old Virginia

famous for its fine old colonial mansions comes
Flint- Arrow Blue Slate

THE LATEST AND MOST ARTISTIC SUR-
FACING FOR COMPOSITION SHINGLES.

For generations this slate has been the favorite roofing
on many southern homes. The soft, charming effect of
these old slate roofs can now be obtained everywhere
by using

Flint-Arrow Blue Slate
ON YOUR SHINGLES.

A quiet silver -blue color tone— everlasting and un-
changing—Nature's own shade as slate is mined from
earth

FLINT-ARROW BLUE SLATE SHINGLES LEND DIG-
NITY AND OLD TIME CHARM TO YOUR HOME.

Many manufacturers supply shingles of
Flint-Arrow Blue Slate

Ask your dealer or write us {or samples.

BLUE RIDGE SLATE CORPORATION

ESMONT, VIRGINIA

The Welcoming Glow

—that
Safeguards

and
Directs

A well lighted driveway is appreciated by your friends and shunned
by mischief-makers and evildoers. And the artistic charm of Smyser-
Royer Exterior Lighting Fixtures gives your grounds an added beauty
by night — and day.

The Smyser-Royer Line Meets

Every Exterior Lighting Need

Let us put our experience at your disposal in selecting the fixtures which
will best harmonize with your house and its surroundings. Our illus-
trated booklet — "The Larrtp of Hospitality" — shows a selection of lan-
terns and lamp posts for estates, country homes, town houses, community
lighting and public buildings. The coupon below will bring you a free
copy.

SMYSER-ROYER COMPANY

Main Office and Works: York. Pa.

Philadelphia Office: 1609 Sansom St.

SEND US THIS REQUEST BLANK

for "The Lamp of Hospitality," a little book containing
some interesting information on Kxtcrior Lighting. Every
architect and contractor should have our Catalog "F."

Name . . .
Address.

PROPER Heating and Ventilating are im-
portant considerations in every home. It
is criminal carelessness to ignore them,
for pure, fresh air is vitally essential to life
and health.

Thousands of homes are comfortably heated
and amply supplied with an abundance of pure,
fresh air through the efficient operation of

FARQUAR

SANITARY HEATING

SYSTEM

Health-destroying heat is both illusionary and
devitalizing. Scorched air is unfit for breathing,
and stale air, heated and re-heated, is positively
injurious.

The temperature of a FarQuar "Heated Home
is distinctively refreshing. As one FarUuar
owner said,— "My FarQuar System produces a
coolness that is comfortable."

An interesting booklet, — "The Science
of House Heating" — discloses some
remarkably vital facts about health-
ful house heating and ventilating. A
copy mail-d free on request.

THE FARQUHAR FURNACE CO.

706 FarQuar Building

Wilmington, Ohio

City Water Service
in the Country

rANY country homes far beyond the city limits enjoy
L perfect water service. The Paul System pumps water
automatically as it is needed to any part of the property
and keeps it under pressure for instant use. The mechanism
is simple, compact and quiet.

Write us for interesting descriptive matter. Our nearest
branch will be pleased to erflain the system fully.

FOR,T"WAYN& ENOIMEERIMG & /Aeo. Co.

MAIN Offld AND fACTOBY —

No. 1724 NORTH HARRISON ST., FORT WAVNB. INDIANA

110

House

Garden

Cearn more

about

convenience
in the home

SG fid for*
€hfs free
home book

NSTANTANEOUS Hot Water,
provided by a Hoffman Automatic
Heater, saved an average of seven
hours time each week for Mrs.
Marion Stanley Adams, in addition
to supplying greater comfort than
her home had previously known.

Read the interesting story by Mrs. Adams and also the
instructive article by Robert J. Kirk in the handsome new
book offered in the coupon below. The experience of these
two in no way differs from that which thousands of Hoffman
Water Heater owners enjoy every day.

The Hoffman is "the heater -with 77 less parts" which sup-
plies all the hot water you want at the exact moment you
want it, by merely turning the faucet. No waiting. No waste.

Get your copy of this book at once. It contains full informa-
tion about instantaneous hot water and Hoffman Heaters.
Send coupon today.

The Hoffman Heater Co.

1675 Oberlin Avenue LORAIN, OHIO

Branchem in all important centers

Instantaneous

Automatic Water
Heaters

For All Homes Using Gas

The Hoffman Heater Co. is an independent organi-
zation, not affiliated with any other heater company.
paying no royalties.

THE HOFFMAN HEATER COMPANY

1675 Oberlin Avenue. Lorain. Ohio

Please send me your new "Three Books in One." including full
information about Hoffman Water Heaters.

fg*"k

Name.
Street
City..
State .

The set of rope ring toss above may be purchased for $3.50. The

four rings have a wire insert making them strong and rigid. Extra

rings $.50 each

MORE GAMES FOR THE GARDEN

lihlch may be purchased tlironoh the House & Garden Shopping Service
19 West 44th Street, New York City.

In Bull Board one
tries to throw the
rubber discs on the
numbers and not
on the bull. Board
3' x 4' $20

.4 set oj double,
court marking tapes
with nails, staples
and directions for
putting down is S7.
\et S4. Racquets
S2.25 to $14

An unusually beautiful set of croquet of imported English dogwood,
has metal bound mallets, balls oj solid color and twisted, white
enameled candlestick wickets, with painted sockets and caps. The
box is fitted with a special compartment for each part of the set.
A four ball set is S25, eight ball $38

June, 1922

ill

'ALL

Steel Casements

for artistic residences and
other substantial buildings

Made in varied designs
to meet all conditions

CRITTALL CASEMENT WINDOW CO.

Manufacturers

Detroit

Michigan

The

Story of

The Cracked Piano

"I had a beautiful mahogany upright piano and by reason of shutting our
house up for several months — with poor climatic conditions — •! found that
the surface of the piano had become dull and covered with tiny cracks.
"I tried several polishes but they did nothing more than make the condi-

_ po

tion seem more noticeable. Then I tried

ccin mule iiuiiLCduic. xiicii 4 u*vu

\\mmm

with really astonishing results. True, the cracks did not disappear but

there was a rapid improvement in the appearance of the piano. The cracks

became barely noticeable and the finish seemed to take on new life and lustre.

"I use Liquid Veneer in my daily dusting on all my fine furniture.

The use of Liquid Veneer is a distinct economy. It saves expensive

refinishing.

At all grocers, druggist, hardware, paint, furniture dealers and depart-
ment stores — 30c. 60c, fl.25 a bottle.

BUFFALO SPECIALTY CO.

London, England

DUST WITH

THE "VISION" OF PEARL WIRE CLOTH

A .THOUGH Beauty and Economy are the foremost
of PEARL Wire Cloth features, another of great
importance is Vision.

Due to its smooth metallic finish and even mesh,
coupled with its color, which turns to an "invisible"
gray shortly after installed, PEARL offers practically
no obstruction to the vision, and the occupants of a
PEARL Screened Porch enjoy the beauty of the out-
door view.

This feature does not hold with painted cloth. PEARL
requires no painting. It insures against repairs, con-
tinued painting and the petty annoyances that less
durable wire cloth gives.

Buy only the Genuine, which has two copper wires in
the selvage and our red tag on every roll.
Call on our local dealer or write direct for samples
and literature if you're interested in screen material.
Address Deft. "K~"

The Gilbert & Bennet Mfg. Co.

New York Georgetown, Conn. Chicago Kansas City

G & B Pearl is made in two weights — regular and ex-
tra heavy. The best hardware dealer in your city
sells "PEARL"

mi mi iiiiiii in in in

SYPHON REFRIGERATOR

The unusual efficiency and economy in preserving food In a BOHN SYPHON
REFRIGERATOR have added a feeling of satisfaction that has expressed
itself in the form of a "pride of ownership" that is difficult for those who do

not own one to understand.
Adopted by the Pullman Company and dining car service of all American Railroads.

New York Exhibit BOHN REFRIGERATOR CO. Chicago Exhibit
53 West 42nd St. SAINT PAUL. MINNESOTA 68 E. Washington St.

112

House &• Garden

The High Cost
Of Tearing Out
Corroded Piping

Water pipe that corrodes must
be torn out at the end of a few
years. Walls must be opened
and floors and pavements rip-
ped up to reach concealed lines
and service pipes.

Use ANACONDA brass pipe for
hot water and service lines
and for concealed work, and
all the cost of corrosion, all
the expense and disorder occa-
sioned by tearing out corroded
pipe are avoided.

ANACONDA brass pipe resists
corrosion. It is made by a
process developed as a result
of fifty years' experience.

Every piece of ANACONDA
brass pipe is guaranteed
against splitting.

THE AMERICAN BRASS COMPANY

GENERAL OFFICES: WATERBURY, CONN.

MILLS AND FACTORIES
Ansonia,Conn. Tomngton, Conn. Waterbury. Conn. Buffalo.N.Y Kenosha.Wis.

Government Bulletins that Help

(Continued from page 108)

Purdue, Indiana Agricultural Experi-
ment Station, •entitled: Nineteen Nox-
ious Weeds of Indiana, of which this
article is a digest.

A VERY useful series of spray cal-
enders for New Jersey and vicin-
ity have just been issued and may be
obtained free by writing to the New
Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station,
New Brunswick, N. J.

Circular 131— Potato Scab and Meth-
ods for its Control.

Circular 132 — Spray Calender for
Apples and Quinces.

Circular 133 — Spray Calender for
Peaches.

Circular 134 — Spray Calender for
Pears.

Circular 13S — Spray Calender for
Cherries.

Circular 136 — Spray Calender for
Grapes.

Circular 138— Control of the Cab-
bage Maggot.

/CALIFORNIA, with its variety of
VJ suitable climates, is so well
adapted to the culture of grapes that
it is possible to grow in the open, in
some locality, all of the varieties used
in the vineyards and in the hothouse
graperies of the world.

The home vineyard should be so
planned that it will furnish the table
with fresh fruit of various colors, shapes
and flavors during the whole grape
season, from July to November. It
should also provide the family with
raisins, grape syrup, grape juice, jellies,
marmalades, and vinegar.

The Agricultural Experiment Station
of California has just issued Circular
231, a very complete treatise on the
home vineyard.

In Table 1 it gives a list of the
choicest table grapes, a few raisin grapes
and a number of varieties suitable for
grape juice and other grape products.
This list includes: name of variety, size,
color, period of ripening, vigor and
climate.

In Table 3 are typical examples of a
complete group for cool regions and

for warm regions.

Table 4 names varieties for special
purposes: seedless grapes, grapes for
juice, for jelly, for preserving, grapes
for arbors, grapes with muscat flavor,
Eastern grapes and raisin grapes.

Other subjects covered are: propaga-
tion of vines, preparation of the ground
and planting, supports, arbors, treat-
ment of young vines in the first, sec-
ond and third years, treatment of full
bearing vines, pruning, cultivation, irri-
gation, diseases and pests.

It is included with a list of general
publications and books on grape grow-
ing.

The Agricultural College of the Uni-
versity of California offers a corres-
pondence course in Grape-Growing,
which may be taken for a small fee.

THE Nebraska Agricultural College
Extension Service recommends
that all seed potatoes be treated be-
fore they are cut for planting, for the
purpose of controlling several diseases,
most especially scab and another dis-
ease called rhizoctonia. This latter
disease does considerable damage to the
plants, frequently killing them, thereby
injuring the stand in the field.

The method recommended is to dis-
solve 4 ounces of corrosive sublimate
in one gallon of hot water. Then add
this solution to 29 gallons of water,
making a total of 30 gallons. At all
times use non-metal vessels for this so-
lution, as it does damage to metal and
weakens the solution. The potatoes
should be soaked in this solution be-
fore they are cut for from 1 to \y2
hours the first time the solution is used.
The same solution can be used for four
lots of potatoes provided the length of
time for treating each lot is increased
10 minutes. After four lots have been
treated in one batch of solution it
should be discarded. This solution
should be handled carefully at all times,
as it is a deadly internal poison. Ex-
ternally there is no danger from, it in
so far as the handling of the potatoes
in the solution is concerned.

ALFRED I. WILDER.

YOUR DOG AND YOU

THE great success of the impor-
tant dog shows of the past win-
ter, both in the quality and
number of the dogs shown and in the
great interest in these events taken by
the general public, proves beyond ques-
tion that dog-breeding has recovered
from the set-back occasioned by the
war and has taken its place again as
one of the important phases of coun-
try life today. The time has passed
when anyone is satisfied to own just
a dog — it seems to be the ambition of
everyone now to own the best he can
afford in his favorite breed, and then
to show him to prove how good he is.
A great many visitors at dog shows
and a great many novice exihbitors are
puzzled by the system of classifying
and judging the dogs and a brief sum-
mary of the system followed may be
of assistance.

All dogs are divided into the recog-
nized breeds, and each breed again into
sexes — dogs and bitches. In each sex
there are five regular classes — the puppy
class, for dogs from six to twelve
months; novice, for dogs which have
never won a first; American-bred, for
all dogs born in the United States
except Champions; Limit, for dogs
never having won six firsts in this class,
Champions barred; Open, for cham-
pions and all others. In each of these
classes four ribbons are awarded, blue
for first, red for second, yellow for
third and white for reserve — meaning

that the fourth dog is held in reserve
in case through any infraction of the
rules, any of the higher awards are
cancelled, the dogs are all moved up one
point, bringing the reserve dog to third.
This however, seldom happens and the
reserve dog can really be considered
the fourth.

The winners of these five classes are
then called into the ring and from them
the judge picks the best of the sex and
awards the winner's rosette of purple,
giving a purple and white ribbon to
the second best or reserve winners for
the same reason that a reserve is
awarded in the regular classes. The
dog and bitch winning the winner's
rosette receive points towards a cham-
pionship, the number of points depend-
ing upon the number of dogs of the
breed competing at that particular
show. Any dog or bitch, which re-
ceives fifteen points on winner's ratings
at different shows under at least three
different judges and where at least two
of the credits shall be for three points
or more becomes a champion. There
are also other classes such as brace-
team, junior dogs and others, but these
are not among the regular classes.

In addition to these class awards the
judge gives green ribbons to winners
of the various specials, which are of-
fered by specialty clubs and individuals
for various reasons, such as best of the
breed, best bred by exhibitor, etc.
NANA LOUISE MOORE.

SUMMER time, summer furniture, summer lamps! The cool pastel shades
and restful tans are colors which lend themselves well to the making of Handel
Lamps that serve on summer evenings. In the veranda picture, is table lamp number
693 1 , pendant lamp number 6894 — both equally as useful and ornamental indoors.
A variety of boudoir, desk, piano or floor lamps are conveniently numbered in the
small panel — each the individual product of an artist — a craftsman.

Follow your desire to own a Handel Lamp. Its beauty will never fade. Go to
the Handel dealer near you and make your selection. There is a Handel Lamp for

every corner.

THE HANDEL COMPANY, Meriden, Conn.

HANDE

fascinating lampshade banded with black marabou, a
dainty bed-cover strewn with orchids, a negligee of tinseled
purple with trailing sleeves of nasturtium crepe — here are a
few lovely effects suggested by Cheney Printed Silks.

These silks — Florentine, Shikii, Mysore, Sweetbriar, Corean,
and Satin Princess — owe their colourful design to a guild of
artists from many lands ; their exquisite texture is the work of
master weavers.

Yet Cheney Printed Silks cost less than you would expect to
pay, and they may be obtained in the dress-silk and decorat-
ing departments of many stores.

I/ you cannot obtain Cheney Silks in your neighbor-
hood, write us for name of nearest retail store.

CHENEY BROTHERS

4th Avenue at i8th Street, Neiv York

June, 1922

Picturesque Log Fires

113

Fairy Fuel
sprinkled on
your log fire
gives the beau-
tiful colorings
produced by
burning drift-
wood. In the
fascinating flames
can be seen the
blue of the sky,
the green of the
sea and the red
and gold of the
setting sun. Pack
age postpaid, $1.

Fruit Board Tray & Knife

Useful and convenient for preparing grape-
fruit, oranges, etc. Invaluable when pre-
paring salads. Tray has groove to save
fruit juices. Board and knife decorated
with fruit design. Postpaid, $2.
Just two of many unique and attractive
Pohlson Gifts. New catalogs of "Shower
Gifts" and "Baby Belongings" just out.
Either or both sent on request.
^L Look for Pohlson things in stores

uiinwiuland sift sh°ps-

Pohlson Gift Shop. Pawtucket, R. I.

Build NOW!

Now is the time to build that long
deferred home of your own ! Build-
ing prices have reached new low
levels. Longer delays are dangerous.
Our modern plan books contain many
new ideas and helpful building hints.
Will save you dollars.

CRAFTSMAN BUNGALOWS, new
1922 Edition. Just off the press 1
Recognized as the standard plan book
on bungalows. 112 pages of new
plans, photos, sizes, costs, etc., of
scores of attractive homes and bunga-
lows ranging from $800 to $8,500 to
build. Adapted to any climate. Most
practical book published. New edi-
tion sent postpaid for $1.

COLONIAL PLANS, DE LUXE.
Unusual, distinctive and worth while.
Should be in the hands of every
prospective builder. Contains nu-
merous artistic pictures and plans
of moderate-priced Colonial bunga-
lows and residences. Only 50c
postpaid.

Order both books today. Money
back if dissatisfied.

Yoho & Merritt

Craftsman Designers
506 Empire Building

Seattle

Washington

You Can Enjoy Soft Water

from every faucet in your house

NO matter how hard, how unsatis-
factory your present water supply
is, a Permutit Water Softener will
give you a steady flow of delightful,
soft water from every faucet in your
house for about 5 cents per day. It is
entirely automatic, with nothing to get
out of order. Xo chemicals are used
and it operates on regular city pres-
sure without any additional pumps or
motors.

Permutit material possesses the won-
derful property of abstracting all hard-
ness from water that is passed through
it. From time to time it is regenerated
by adding common cooking salt, and that
is absolutely all the operating expense
there is. You just dump some salt into
the softener and let the water run
through it into the sewer for a few
minutes. Xo salt is carried into your
house lines and the Permutit is made ab-
solutely as fresh as new.

Thousands are in daily use everywhere
— hundreds of doctors have Permutit in
their homes.

Ask for our free booklet, "Soft Water
in Every Home."

The softener is in
your basement and
takes but a few min-
utes' time once a week
to maintain.

The Permutit Company

440 Fourth Ave., New York

Your Casement Windows

to be satisfactory must not slam

MONARCH

CASEMENT STAY

holds window so securely that
even in a storm it will not slam.
V Can be attached concealed or

exposed, at right or left, top or bottom. Sold by
hardware dealers everywhere.

Our booklet, "Casement Windows," will prove
interesting and helpful — write for copy.

MONARCH METAL PRODUCTS COMPANY

4920 Penrose Street St. Louis Mo.

Stained with

Cabot's Creosote

Ktnintt ind

old Virginia

White

Aymar Embury
Architect, AM'.

ANOTHER CABOT HOUSE

Three Cabot products add value to this house

Cabot's Creosote Stain

on the roof preserves the shingles and gives a handsome, rich coloring effect.
Cabot's Old Virginia White

on the walls, gives that brilliant and beautiful "whitewash-white" stain effect. As bright

as new whitewash and as lasting as paint.
Cabot's Insulating Quilt

in roof and walls keeps out the cold for all time, and saves Its cost In coal every winter.

You can get Cabot's all over the country. Send for stained wood samples and name of

nearest agent.

Samuel Cabot, Inc., Mfg. Chemists, 11 Oliver St., Boston, Mass.
24 West Kinzie St., Chicago 525 Market St., San Francisco

Jseautiful

You know, of
course, that you
need and want
hard wood for the

INTERIOR TRIM,
DOORS, FLOORS
and FURNITURE

in your home.

What do you
know about hard
woods?

Do you know
that some of the
so-called "hard"
woods are softer
than some of the
so-called "soft"
woods?

Do you know
that the U. S.
Forest Products
Laboratories has
proven by test
that birch is one
of the hardest of
hard woods?

They proved
that it required
750 pounds press-
ure on a steel ball
to make a dent
one-fifth of an
inch deep in birch.
Birch is beautiful
but it is also dur-
able.

Ask us to send
you, free, the illus-
trated birch book
showing the beauti-
ful effects you se-
cure with birch and
telling you all about
this ideal hardwood.

THE

BIRCH

MANUFACTURERS

219F.R.A.BIdg. Oshkoih, WU.

jByut,tt

birch

omicol

114

House & Garden

Safely from

.^M^k. *^«— .^* ^^^ ^

Your roof catches
the rain or snow, but it
is your valleys, gutters
and leaders (down spouts)
that carry the rain or melted
sribw to the ground.

If your valleys or gutters leak,
due to rust or corrosion, your
decorations and furnishings are at
the mercy of the elements, no mat-
ter if your roof proper is in perfect
condition !

If your Valleys
and Gutters are

TARGET and ARROW
ROOFING TIN

your decorations and furnishings
are absolutely safe, for TARGET
AND ARROW is made to last,
and while its first cost is slightly
more than ordinary roofing tin you
will save many many times your
original investment by preventing
costly damage to your favorite fur-
niture and fittings.

Send for "THE ACHILLES
HEELS OF A BUILDING" a
graphic chart showing where gut-
ters, valleys, flashings and other
vital spots occur in the roof of a
building and explaining how and
why "Target and Arrow" assures
permanent protection to these im-
portant places.

N. & G. TAYLOR COMPANY

308 Chestnut St. Philadelphia, Pa.

Headquarters for good roofing
tin since 1810

The mealy rose gall
is formed directly
on the leaves. One
of the Hymenoptera
insects causes it

PLANT GALLS AND THEIR FORMATION

HpHOSE peculiar protuberances and
A growths on leaves, twigs and stems
of grasses and shrubs, trees and bushes,
in field and woods, are not a part of the
normal plants. They are made by the
introduction of an egg of a small insect
into the tissues of the plant, and the
resultant swellings are called galls.
Those creatures producing such abnor-
malities belong to the group of mites,
bugs, butterflies, flies, saw-flies and gall
wasps.

Now, there are two types of galls, the
organological and the histological. The
former are growths of the organs, the
latter are deformations of the tissues.
It is the latter class of peculiar swell-
ings which are most generally consid-
ered as galls, but from a theoretical
standpoint, the former are much more
interesting after one has observed how
different such deformed organs are from
the natural ones. All the numerous
forms and shapes of these abnormali-
ties in both structure and organ show
that the gall producing insects possess
a certain substance or irritant with
which they are capable of producing
them. The shapes of such galls are
most varied, and the histological galls
produce forms resembling burrs, balls,
knots, tubercles, warts, clubs, flakes, etc.

When a gall fly or any other gall
producing insect lays its egg in plant
tissues, a tiny drop of fluid is excreted
with it. If no egg is laid, but the fluid
discharged, a gall is produced. As a
general rule a chemical stimulus for the
development of the excrescence is exert-
ed through the development of the egg,
and it is undoubtedly the waste prod-
ucts excreted through the development

of the embryo which produce such
actions. The form and shape of the
gall is various, and it varies with the
plant upon which it was produced and
the animal creating it. Cecidomyio,
artemisia produces two different kinds of
galls upon two different kinds of plants,
the one formed on Artemisia campestris
differing decidedly from that formed on
A. scoparia. The galls of different in-
sects differ upon the same plant, and
two related plants react differently to
this same stimulus. But the chemics
of related species does not seem to be
so pronounced in this respect as in those
which are not so related. Those cells on
the interior of the gall which have been
eaten by the larva soon grow again.

Therefore, after the egg has been de-
posited, a malignant growth is pro-
duced in the plant tissues which some-
times can be mistaken for an organ of
the plant. Its tissues, just like those of
a healthy plant, are provided with the
necessary bundles, and can assimilate,
grow and take up a reserve supply of
food, all of which is absolutely essen-
tial for the well being and existence of
the larva.

The form of a gall produced by a giv-
en insect upon a given plant is always
the same, and from the shape of this
gall, the larva inhabiting it can al-
ways be definitely determined since
each individual gall producing insect is
dependent upon one individual, or a
group of closely related plants where its
eggs pass through the normal stages of
development. But some gall insects are
known which live alternately upon dif-
ferent host plants and produce distinc-
(Continued on page 116)

A curiously formed gall that is quite different from the
rest is found on the leaves of the wild cherry. These
growths are caused by the introduction of an insect's
eggs into the tissues of the plant, which swell in conse-
quence

June, 1922

IIS

No. 628

For Beauty and Utility

When building, whether cot-
tage, bungalow or mansion,
your plans for Living Room,
Den or other room should
surely include a

Brecher
Wood Mantel

You may have reproductions
of Colonial or Period designs
which have been worked out
with the skill of artistic
craftsmanship, and yet prices
are moderate.

A limited edition of 32 beautiful
mantels is just off the press, in-
cluding No. 628 shown above.
Let us know your requirements
and book will be sent you free.

LOUISVILLE, KY.

The Furniture of
Early America

Every piece of Leavens Colonial
Furniture is a true example of
the furniture of our forefathers.
It is distinguished by its sim-
ple beauty, sturdy construction,
and adaptability. It may be
adopted as the general motif of
an interior, or simply as a piece
here and there.

Leavens
Colonial Furniture

You select the examples you
prefer and we carry out your
wishes in the matter of finish —
supplying you with unfinished
pieces which may be finished or
decorated to order. This ser-
vice applies to our modern line
as well as to the Colonial
Furniture.

Write lor Set No. 4 of illustra-
tions and Leavens stains.

' WILLIAM. LEAVEN S SfCO.

32 CANAL. STREET,

BOSTON,MASS.

Beautiful Walls You Can Wash

QOFTLY tinted walls, free from the disturbing influences so common

O to even the best of wall papers, reflect good taste, produce perfect

harmony and make the home healthful and sanitary.

KEYSTONA — the flat, oil paint that gives a clean linen finish to the

walls — will add immeasurably to your pride and home comfort.

Easily applied, does not fade, and can be -washed "with soap and -water,

as often as desired, without the slightest injury.

If interested, "write
KEYSTONE VARNISH COMPANY

Hull, England Brooklyn, N. Y.

Ifo. 4002

8-1/2x2-11/16
inches , Jti.OO

An Artbrass Knocker

Is the pre-eminent feature of your house hardware. It is
the hall mark of your personality. It is your certificate
of good breeding.

No other essential part of the furnishings of the well-
appointed home more completely and harmoniously links
history, sentiment and artistic temperament to that of
utility than the Door Knocker.

An Artbrass Knocker will Rive faithful service to you, to
your children and to your children's children. Once
placed upon the threshold of your home, it is everlasting.

Get Artbrass Knockers from yuur dealer. If
he does not have them, write us direct, nnd
ask for History of Door Knockers.

ART BRASS COMPANY, Inc. DepL H. G. 6

299 East 134th Street New York

Also makers of the Famous SAN-O-LA Bath
Room Accessories

SXf — ^ e;

The

[HOOKED RUG SHOP(

ELIZABETH WAUGH

\ProvincQtown£ape Cot
Mass.

ALL WOOD
FRUIT PRESSES

Selected oak, waterproofed, sani-
tary, stout and lasting. Shipped in
cases, with directions.

HONEYCOMB
BOTTLE RACKS

Save space and avoid loss. Made
to measure in sheet metal to fit any-
where. Shipped folded and boxed.
Illustrated Price Lists

H. SOELLNER

301 E. 56th St., New York City

Be \burOwn

Prophet

Own one of these reliable
Barometers and know each day
any change in the weather from
8 to 24 hours in advance. Sci-
entifically constructed, attrac-
tive in appearance. Mounted in
a wooden case, finished in Ma-
hogany, Oak or Flemish ; enamel
dial protected by a heavy bevel
glass front. Size 5'/2" in diam-
eter.

AN IDEAL GIFT

This Barometer makes a highly
prized and lasting remembrance.
Very useful and interesting.

Fully guaran-
teed; postpaid to
any address on re-
ceipt of

State finish desired.

Send in your order today.
DAVID WHITE

Dept. H, 419 East Water St.
Milwaukee, Wi».

$5.00

116

House & Garden

PERMANENT — BECAUSE THEY ARE GAUVANIZED

AncHoEWeld
GATES' AND RAILINGS-

Anchor-Weld Gate and Chain
Link Mesh — a pleating com-
bination for lairn or pardni.
Gatett hang true ; palvan izcd
square posts firmly anchored.

Gate frames electro-welded of
good steel; filled with strong
fabr ic to match fence. All
parts galvanized; posts held
rigid by anchor-stakes.

FENCES-GATES-RAILINGS

ANCHOR POST IRON WORKS

HUDSON TERMINAL BUILDING

52 CHURCH STREET NEW YORK, N. Y.

Sales and Erecting Offices in

Boston 79 Milk St.

Chicago 8 So. Dearborn St.

Cincinnati, 0 141 Fourth St.

Cleveland Guardian Bltlt..

Hartford. Conn 902 Main St.

Mineola.L.L.N.Y. Jericho Turnpike

Pittsburgh 541 Wood St.

Philadelphia. Real Est. Trust BMg.

Detroit, Mich Penobscot Btdg

Rochester. N.Y..1G04 Main St., E.

2401-G

FIRM — BECAUSE THEY ARE ANCHORED

An entirely different type of gall is shown here. It
is a comfort to know that these extreme deformities
are the exception rather than the rule in the well-
cared for garden

Plant Galls and Their Formation

(Continued from page 114)

ELECTRIC WELDING of
iron gates and railings is a
tremendous advance in the art of
fence building. In the Anchor-
Weld process, grooved square rods
as pickets are placed between pairs
of similar rods as top and bottom
rails, and permanently fused by
electro-welding, under great pres-
sure.

The result? — Panels up to ten feet in
length, without necessity of center-sup-
port ; light and graceful in appearance,
yet permanently rigid and perfectly
aligned. No sagging rails ; no rattling
pickets.

GOOD FENCES"

We have prepared this 16-page
catalog, an attractive Rotogravure,
8y2" x 11", to show you actual in-
stallations of representative types
of Anchor Post Fences, Gates, and
Railings. It is sent free on appli-
cation to anv address below.

live and characteristic galls in each case.

If the galls are closely studied, one
always finds that the cells of the plants
have developed contrary to normal.
Sometimes it is an abnormal growth of
the tissues, but not invariably so, and
invariably the gall is produced where
the tissues are young and susceptible to
foreign particles which, when acted upon
for a considerable time, influence the
meristem — the growing part of the lat-
eral cylinder. This pressure exerts such
an influence upon the meristem that it
is stimulated to an intensive develop-
ment of new cells. To this must be
added the chemical action produced
through the excrements of the larva,
which demands a development of the
gall in a certain definite direction. Just
what these substances are is not known
with any degree of certainty, but it is
believed that it must be an enzyme
which causes this enormous change both
in the tissues of the meristem and some-
times even in the plasma.

The influence which these galls exert
upon a plant are manifold. Usually the
excrescence of the cell tissues remains
loose and spongy. In other cases a
lignification of these same tissues takes
place. Here an abnormal production of
wood cells takes place where, under nor-
mal conditions, no such change occurs.
There are no few cases where, through
the sting of an insect, organs are formed
In general it cannot be said that the
plant is injured by the formation of

galls, but on the other hand, it does not
derive any benefit from them.

The simplest galls are the capsule
galls which are produced by those ani-
mals which are continually on the outer
side of the leaf where they also multi-
ply. Through a continual stimulus, a
malignant growth is formed which takes
the shape of a hollow cell in which the
animals are protected. Such galls are
usually found on the leaf blade. Some
of them rise above the surface of the
leaf, and the hollow formed by this
growth serves the insect larva for its
home. The folded galls also belong here,
and these forms are deeply indented and
sometimes hollowly curved, the upper
side forming a narrow slit and project-
ing below the under side of the leaf
surface. Such homes are usually pro-
duced by mites. Wrinkle galls are those
which are generally produced on the
veins. These are not so very promi-
nent, although the upper side of the leaf
is provided with buckles and hornlike
projections. Wart galls are more or less
distinct projections on the leaf surface,
often being provided with curious sec-
ondary eminences.

Pith galls are simple galls producing
local growths and making their appear-
ances on certain parts of the plant.
Here the plant tissues are attacked and
the wound so made receives the egg.
The cavities thus formed are larval cells,
and of these some are one chambered
(Continued on page 118)

The photograph mt the left is of a well-known type, the oak tree
bjdlet gall. They sometimes measure an inch in diameter. The right-
hand picture is of the blackberry knot gall. It shows the holes where
the insects have emerged

June, 1922

117

Walter Camp's

New Way

to Keep Fit

Walter Camp, Yale's celebrated foot-
ball coach, has been teaching men and
women everywhere how to keep fit —
"on edge" — full of bounding health and
youthful vitality — and how to enjoy do-
ing it. Walter Camp says that a civil-
ized, indoor man is a "captive animal,''
just as much as a tiger in a cage. But
the tiger instinctively knows how to
take the kind of exercise he needs to
keep fit — he stretches, turns and twists
his "trunk muscles" — the very same
muscles that tend to become weak and
flabby in indoor men and women. With
Mr. Camp's permission the "Daily Doz-
en" exercises have now been set to spir-
ited music on phonograph records.
They supply exactly the right move-
ments to put these vitally important
"trunk muscles" into the pink of condi-
tion, and keep them there. These twelve
remarkable exercises, done to music,
with a voice on the record calling out
the commands, are all you need to keep
your whole body in splendid condition
— and they take only 10 minutes a day.
You will also receive a set of handsome
charts, with actual photographs show-
ing exactly the move to make at each
command. It is simple as A-B-C.

RECORD FREE

See for yourself what Walter CampV
"Daily Dozen" combined with the
Health Builder System will do for you
— without a dollar of expense. We will
send you, entirely free, a sample phono-
graph record carrying two of the special
movements, with a voice giving the di-
rections and commands, and specially
selected music to exercise to. Also a
free chart showing positions, with com-
plete directions. Get this free record,
put it on a phonograph, and try it.
There is no obligation — the record is
yours to keep. Just enclose a quarter
(or 25 cents in stamps) with the coupon
to cover postage, packing, etc. Send
coupon — today — now — to Health Build-
ers, Dept. 596, Oyster Bay, New York.

Free Sample Record and Chart

HEALTH BUILDERS

Dept. 596, Oyster Bay, N. Y.

Please send me your
free sample "Health
Builder" record
giving two of
Walter Camp's
famous "Daily
Dozen" exercises
also a free charl

ct-ntaining actual photographs and simple
directions for dning the exercises. I enclose
a quarter (or 25 cents in stamps) for post-
age, packing, etc. This does not obligate me
in any way whatever and the sample record
and chart are mine to keep.

Name

'(Please Write Plainly)

Address

sUNNv

HAIR DRYER

— makes Jfair ^Drying •
£a\y & Comfortable!

Dryyourown!

Simple as turning on the
light — Delightful as expert
treatment!

A convenient base socket attach-
ment leaves your hands free and
saves your arm from a tiring,
cramped position. You may read,
sew or manicure while your hair
is drying.

Comfort — relaxation — speed!

—$19.50.

At your Electrical Dealer, or

direct for S19.50.

John Jorgensen Go.

120 Liberty St.

FRECKLES

Now Is the Time to Get Rid of These
Complexion Blemishes

There's no longer the slightest need of feeling
ashamed of your freckles, as Othine— double
strength — is guaranteed to remove these homely

spots.

Simply get an ounce of Othine— double strength—
from any druggist and apply a little of it night and morning and you
should soon see that even the worst freckles have begun to disappear,
while the lighter ones have vanished entirely. It is seldom that more
than an ounce is needed to completely clear the skin and gain a
beautiful clear complexion.

Be sure to ask for the double strength Othine as this is sold under
guarantee of money back if it fails to remove freckles.

REDUCE. Eafcaify

Three Slices

of Basy Bread a day.
Help reduce your weight

in a natural way.

Doctors' Essential Foods Co..

Orange. N. J.
Gentlemen:

Herewith please find cned;
for a course of Basy Bread for
my sister. I Have reduced to
the desired weight, having
lost thirty-two pounds. Your
advice as to how to retain my
present weight will be ap-
preciated.

Mrs. B. W. New YorR

DOCTORS' ESSENTIAL

FOODS CO.

35 Oakwood Ave.

Orange New Jersey

Your friends must have told you about Basy Bread, now a
recognized standard weight -reducing ration.

Basy Bread is not a medicine or drug, but a wholesome
and delicious food — scit'iiliflcally prepared.

There is no unpleasant dietii
the Basy Bread course. Leglo
reductions in weight with Rains i

You will be very much intereste
which gives reliable information o
\Vri te for your copy to-
day. Sent in sealed,
plain covi-r. postage pre-
paid.

= „_ irksome exercises, in
s have reported remarkable

stri'iigth and health.
J in the Basy Bread booklet,
i (.busily and how to reduce.

BAST BREAD

Inc.

New York

Golfers

Protect

your fingers

this new way

Tirro protects the
fingers from cal-
louses and blisters.
Just the correct
width to do the
job right. Better,
by far, than a
glove. Keep a
spool always in
your golf trousers.

Use Tirro, too, for
a grip on a tennis
racket; to hold
torn cloth t o -
gether; for repair-
ing quickly the
things ordinarily
discarded. Sticks
to anything — and
water - proofed.
"Wonderful !"
you'll say.

Three sizes:
Small, lie ; Medium, tSc ;

Large, 50c
At Drug Stores

Tirro

MAIL THIS

For Free Strip

BAUER Ok BLACK,

2500 Dearborn St., Chicago
Mail me a strip of Tirro.

Name..

Address.
City

.State.

118

House & Garden

An Alluring Reward
for Promptness!

YOU CAN have just such an. en-
trancing border as is pictured
above, at trifling cost, if you order
now! We import your Bulbs especially
for you, have them packed for you in
Holland, thus saving the handling
charges here, reduce to a minimum the
freight and import charges, and guar-
antee you the pick of the biggest and
finest Bulbs grown in Holland!

An import order now means a big
saving. Earn it — order now. To en-
able us to make this generous offer we
must have your order before July 1st,
no later!

Bring the Glories of Tulip-lime To Your Own Garden !

Right now, while you are still under the spell
of the Tulips and Daffodils you have seen in the
parks or in your friends' gardens, picture them
on your own lawn, — and by a stroke of the pen,
insure their charm and beauty for yourself next
year!

Our collections include the choicest varieties
it is possible to obtain. Of some varieties, single

\ Our Special Border
Collection

of Gorgeous Darwin and
Collage Tulips

gj , (a* pictured above in or- r
\ ' der from right to left)

per per
100 1000
= Clara Butt-
Exquisite

! Salmon pink

: Darwin .... $4.00 $35.00 j
g Picotee —
3 white c o t -

E tage petals

'- edged with

! pink ....... 4.50 40.00 j

H P r i <f e of

E Haarlem —

I Darwin

E American

\ Beauty color 4.50 40.00 g
^ D T e a m —

I Charm-

E ing lavender

I Darwin. . . . 5.00 45.00 1

Queen — Buff
tinged with

I golden

I bronze .....

L a Tulip

Noire —

; Enormous
size Darwin
of deep vel-
vety purple.

; Golden Beau-
ty — Glori-
o u s golden
yellow Cot-
tage .......

25 Bulbs at

5.00 45.00

5.00 45.00 -

4.50 40.00 E
100 rate; a

250 Bulbs at 1000 rate I

Very Special

j| 100 bulbs each of 7 va-
^EE rieties above (700 in all)

$30.00

jj 1000 bulbs each of 7 va-
H rieties above (7000 in

all) $275.00

3 Special 5% discount if
E= you send cash with order

bulbs alone would
cost 50 cents
apiece. Included
are the wonderful
Cottage Garden
Tulips that you
see in the old
Dutch, Flemish,
and English
gardens where
they have flour-
ished for yearSj
treasured by their
owners, hallowed
by sentiment,
beautiful in their
own right and
with the fra-
grance of sweet
memories.

You need not
pay for your
order until bulbs
arrive from Hol-
land in Septem-
ber. But if you
send cash with
order, you may
deduct a Cash
Discount ("Pre-
ferred Divi-
dend!") of 5% I

These Are Our Prices — If
You Order Now!

Matchless Collections of Bulbs
at Remarkable Savings!

Per 100

100 Single Early
Tulips in 10

26 West 59th St.

New York 1

— ----- COUPON -----

either for ordering— or just to send for Import list
MAX SCHLING. Seedsmen. Inc.

26 West 59th Street, New York

D You may enter my order for Bulbs checked on ac-
companying Hat. for which I agree to pay at these
special import prices when order arrives in September.
am deducting 5% Cash Discount and enclosing full

payment in advance.
D Send me your "Import List" of special offers on Bulb
Collections.

NAME..

named varieties... $4.00 =
H 100 Double Early
Tulips in 10
; named varieties... 4.00 1§
I 100 Darwin Tulips
: in 10 named vari-

! eties 4.50 H

H 100 Cottage Tulips
:- in 10 named vari-

! eties 4.50 g

| 100 Breeder or Art
Tulips in 5 rare
E named varieties.
Wonderful shades
E of Bronze, Buff,
; Orange and Apri-

\ cot 5.00 =

§ 100 Parrot or Or-
E chid Tulips in 4
: named varieties... 5.00 3
IE 100 Narcissi or
! Daffodils for
I naturalizing and
I lawn planting,
j Airy Trumpets,
Medium Trumpets
shortcupped and
_ the lovely Poet's

n= varieties 4.00 =
m 100 Bedding Hya-
E cinths in 4 colors. 5.50 =
100 Named Hya-
cinths 2nd size 4

varieties 7.00 =

100 Named Hya-
cinths exhibition
or top size in 10
named varieties
for pots or glasses. 14.00 g
5% discount if you send =.
cash with order

1 I

ADDRESS.

Another kind of gall that is sometimes found on oak

trees bears hornlike projections. Galls contain within

themselves the elements necessary to grow as do the

unaffected parts of the plant

Plant Galls and Their Formation

(Continued from page 100)

while others may have a number of
them. The gall surfaces show all kinds
of types and degrees of ornamentation
and it is reasonable to suppose that they
protect the larva living within. In many
cases, at that particular spot where the
insect has wounded the tissues, no swell-
ing takes place, a canal being left open.
When it does close, corky tissues are
formed. The larva is then completely
cut off from the outside world, and
pupates within the gall.

Some of the pith galls open by means
of a cover, as is the case with Cecid-
omyia cerris found on the Turkish oak.
Here the gall forms tiny pointed emi-
nences, the under surface carrying a flat

disk thickly covered with fine hairs,
loosens in the fall and falls off. The
larvae fall to the ground and pupate
under the soil. Another gall-fly, Hor-
momoya reaumuriana, produces a gall
on the leaf of Tilia europcea, the Euro-
pean linden or basswood, in which a
second gall is found by forming a com-
partment within the gall. The tip of the
outer gall turns yellow in July at the
same time that a groove is produced
about it. The inner gall is now com-
pletely boxed in. The tissues at the bot-
tom of the outer gall begin to grow and
swell and soon eject the inner gall with
its larva, both falling to the ground.
E. BADE.

Wild cherry bud
gall is shown
here in three
stages of devel-
o pment , the
largest at the tip
of the twig

The club galls
are long and
relatively slen-
der. These two
examples were
found on our na-
tive dogwood

Oak fig gall
bears no slight
resemblance to a
cluster of figs.
As shown, it
forms directly on
the branches

June, 1922

119

Monster sices. White and
Yelloiv $1.00 per dozen;
$7.75 per 100

Hyacinth.
La Victmre-
Bril/iant Red
$2.00 dozen.
$15 per 100

Order before July 1st and Obtain
Special Prices on

IMPORTED DUTCH BULBS

Let us include your order with ours this Spring, thereby saving money for you.
If you order now, we can give you the benefit of our Special Import Price. We
cannot do this after July ist, when we make our selections and place our orders.
It has been our custom for years to have our representative visit the leading
growers in Holland. Because of our extensive purchases and prompt pay-
ments, we obtain for our customers, at most reasonable cost, the choicest
varieties of these wonderful Dutch Bulbs.

Holland Bulbs The Best In The World!

No other country has been able to produce such bulbs as those
grown in Holland. They are famous the world over. From this
toyland of painted roofs, wandering dikes, and sky-blue tiles the
Elliott Nursery Company for thirty-five years has been the largest
importer of these unequalled Dutch Bulbs.

Grown By Generations Of Specialists

Just think of the satisfaction of growing in your own garden or
home these beautiful flowers, — Tulips, Hyacinths, Narcissi, etc. —
many of which actually represent the life-work of generations of
specialists. Our catalog lists a vast number of varieties, many
not usually obtainable in this country at any price.

_ -lips, Ladv Boreal, Pure
White Belle Alliance,
Scarlet 70c per dozen,
$5.00 per 100

Narcissus, Paper W\\\te,
Monster sizes, 75 cents
a dozen; $5.00 per 100

You Can Easily Grow These Flowers In Your House

From Christmas until Easter you can have these beautiful flowers blooming
in your home. Think how the yellow Narcissi will brighten the dark library
and the pink and blue hyacinths the dining room. Think of enjoying the glow
and fragrance of these spring flowers in your home! Best of all,
remember you can grow them yourself for a few cents each and
with almost no care — flowers that often cost $ i .00 or more a plant
in retail shops. Our catalog will give you full instructions.

Write At Once For Beautifully Illustrated Catalog

Send us a line today — use coupon below if more convenient — and
obtain our catalog at once. It shows thousands of varieties, —
many in their natural colors. It will fascinate you and prove to
your satisfaction how simply and inexpensively you can grow
these bulbs in your garden and house. Complete directions for
planting bulbs are given. They require very little care.

A FEW SPECIAL PRICES

If Ordered Before July

1st

Exhibition Hyacinths

Doz.Hund.

La Grandesse Pure White

$2.00 $15.00

Grande Blanche Blush White

2.00 15.00

LaVictoire Brilliant Red

2.00 15.00

Rosea Maxima Delicate Blush

2.00 15.00

Enchantress Light Blue

2.00 15.CC

City of Haarlem Best Yellow

2.00 15.00

Second sized Hyacinths in all best

1.50 11.00

Miniature Hyacinths in separate

.70 4.75

Tulips

Mon Tresor Yellow

.85 6.00

Belle Alliance Scarlet

.70 5.00

Lady Boreel Pure White

.70 5.00

Keiserkroon Red 6k. Yellow

.65 4.50

Rose Grisdelin Beautiful Pink

.65 4.50

Narcissi or Daffodils

Paper White Monster Sizes

.75 5.00

GoldenSpurSelect Rich Yellow

.75 5.50

Emperor ) Mon- Yellow

1.00 7.75

Empress f ster White &. Yellow

1.00 7.75

Von Sion ^ Sizes Double Yellow

1.00 7.00

Poeticus Ornatus White

.55 3.50

Sulphur Phoenix Yellow St White

.80 5.50

Booklet lists many other varieties

Make Your Garden Beautiful With These Gay
And Sympathetic Companions

These bulbs will bring color and fragrance to your garden at
small cost and give you untold pleasure and satisfaction. In
order that you may not fail to have these exquisite flowers
blooming around you next season, write today for our catalog,
make your selection of bulbs, and send in your order before
July ist in order to obtain the special prices.

Order Now — Pay When Bulbs Are Delivered
In Fall

You obtain special import price by ordering now and, if you
prefer, you may pay for bulbs when delivered during Sep-
tember or October. All bulbs are selected and packed in
Holland and reach our customers in perfect condition soon
after we receive the shipment.

ELLIOTT NURSERY Co.

514 Magee Bldg. Established 35 years Pittsburgh, Pa.

Our bulb business is one of the largest in the world

Read What These People Say:

Admiration of the town! "I want to tell yoa how
magnificent my daffodils are. They are the admiration of
the town, and have given us untold pleasure. Numbers
of my friends have asked me to order for them. Kuril
daffodil is the size of a teacup. Many bulbs have
four flowers, and not one has failed to produce two."
— G. D. S., Uniontown, Ala.

Beyond Expectations! "I must tell you what ex-
cellent results I have had with the bulbs I ordered from
you. By Easter, all the hyacinths and tulips showed large,
healthy buds, which have matured far beyond all ex-
pectation. The quality of bulbs offered by you, even in
cheaper mixtures, far surpasses that often sold at much
higher prices."-R. C. A.. Kansas City, Mo.
Nothing short of wonderful! "I have in my front
window , as the admiration of all the passersby, the finest
group of tulips ever seen in this city. With their gorgeous
colors odd shapes and exquisite shades of color, they are
nothing short of wonderful." — J. A. S., Portland, Me.

MAIL THIS COUPON TODAY

Elliott Nursery Co.,

514 Magee Bldg., Pittsburgh, Pa.

Kindly send me Free Booklet about Import-
ed Dutch Bulbs with full directions how to
grow them in house and garden.

Name

St. and No. or R. D

City State.

120

House & Garden

Godson

Bird
Houses

The biros are alt my friends. Know-
ing them makes me happy. They are
an inspiration to better living. They
can make your life happier.

President- American
Audubon Association

See the flycatcher house hanging from
the pear tree. Eight bushels of pears
with not a worm was this one house's
record! The birds will help you.

Facts found regarding the food of birds have orig-
inated nation-wide legislature. Note the com-
posite diet of the birds attracted by Dodson Bird
Houses. Season after season, these houses afford
a protection that allows valuable birds to multi-
ply more rapidly.

Cement Bird Bath
Birdsmust have water. Ifyou
supply it, you may be sure that
fruit, berries and other garden
delicacies will not be harmed.
Here is a scientific bath which
the birds have approved. In-
cluding basinandstand $24.50
Other baths as low as $6.00

Quaint houses ready for you to put up

All the good folk in America are helping to house the birds. You have seen
these picturesque little houses of green or white. Each is made under the
patient eye of Mr. Dodson, beloved friend of the birds. His life-time study
has perfected these houses. They attract the birds. They insure your trees
and shrubs and gardens against insect pests. You will be fascinated by their
staunch, quaint shapes, their intricate workmanship so necessary to success.
Write to Mr. Dodson! Let his experience guide you.

Martin

Bluebird
Wren

Robin

Woodpecker
Swallow

Flycatcher
Chickadee
Nut Hatch

Cat Bird
Cardinal
Thrasher

JOSEPH H. DODSON

731 HARRISON AVENUE

KANKAKEE, ILLINOIS

Dodson Sparrow Trap is guaranteed to rid your premises of this noisy, quarrelsome pest, $8.00

FREE

Yoti wilt find much of inter-
estin Mr. Dodson's fascinating
booklet, ''Your Bird Friends
and How to Win Them. "
There are many styles of bird
houses. Mr. Dodson wins for
you different birds with each.
It is a booklet thru which to
Drowse with pleasure.

DUSTLESS
DRIVEWAYS

Firm, clean, moist, dustless driveways and walks are espe-
cially desirable on private estates and country clubs. The eco-
nomical method of obtaining these conditions is to use

SOLVAY

Granulated

CALCIUM CHLORIDE

"The Natural Dust Layer"

Solvay is a white chemical salt, particularly adapted for use near or =

around the house, owing to its lack of objectionable features such as

odor, tracking, discoloration, etc. It is harmless to men or animals and
not injurious to auto tires, varnish or vehicle paints. A combined dust

layer and surface binder, it is by far the most effective method
of road treatment.

Extensively used on private and public roads and walks
and tennis courts.

The new Solvay Book will interest you. Write for it today!

SOLVAY

75%

CALCIUM
CHLORIDE

Get this valuable
Book on Better
4^ Lawn Care

Every one interested In the care of large, beautiful lawns
should have a copy of this book, which tells all about Ideal
Power Lawn Mowers. It shows many photos of well-known
homes, parks, golf clubs, cemeteries, colleges, etc., where
the lawns are cared for the "Ideal Way." It tells about the
Ideal Junior, a moderate priced power mower for medium-
sized lawns, the 30-inch Ideal Power Lawn Mower for large
lawns, and the Ideal Triplex Power Mower for large parks,
£0lf clubs, etc. Write for this book today — learn how to
Iceep your lawn in better condition at less cost.

IDEAL POWER LAWN MOWER CO.
R. E. OLDS, Chairman

403 Kalimazoo St. Lansing, Mich.

Chicago, 11 E. Harrison St. ; New York. 270 West St.

World's Largest Builders of Paver Laum Mowers.
Dealers in all principal cities.

Power
Lawn Mowers

The Ideal rolls as It cuts.
Keeps the sod smooth and firm.

June, 1922

121

We Offer You Late Tulips of Matchless Beauty

For color in the spring garden no flower equals the late Tulips. They
are unsurpassed for delicacy of the pastel shades and the richness of the
brilliant tones. They are ideal flowers for borders, for groups among
shrubbery, and for more elaborate color effects in any garden design.

To Introduce Our "Cream of Holland" Bulbs to Your Garden

Garden lovers everywhere recognize the quality of our offerings.
To encourage you to procure a representative grouping for your
garden, we have arranged the following assortments.

SELECTION A
"De Luxe Set"

Afterglow — a showy combination of colors.
Aphrodite — clear silvery pink of flue form.
Jubilee — the finest blue-purple.
Louise De La Valliere— a glowing cerise

color.

Louis XIV — the finest Tulip In existence.
Massenet — apple-blossom pink with, deep

blue base.

Prince Albert — the best golden brown.
Salomon — the finest lavender Tulip.
St. James — a fine example- of the Breeder

colors.
Walter T. Ware — the deepest yellow of all.

Send your order to reach us before June 26th and the bulbs will '
be delivered in time for planting this fall.

100 bulbs
(10 of each)

$23-

SELECTION B
"Newer Varieties"

Galatea — glowing cherry -rose; very large.

Godet Parfait— glistening blw-i)urple.

Lord Cochrane — a flue color in the brown

Breeders.

Meltcette — a charming la-veiuler.
Plutarchus — the best light bronze.
Roi D' Island — a rose tone unlike any other.
Sanchia — our novelty in pale pink Darwins.
Sir Harry — an exquisite rose Cottage Tulip.
Sophrosyne — a pink of very fine habit and

shape.
Viking — a huge, tall, dark violet.

100 bulbs
(1C of each)

$10

.65

SELECTION C
"Standard Varieties"

Ariadne- -our favorite crimson.

Bronze Queen — the best standard light

bronze.

Clara Butt — the most popular pink Danvin.
Dream— a good lavender.
Edmee— the best of the two- toned pinks.
Madras — a good darker brown.
Marconi- -a big flower in the dark purples.
Nauticas— clear American Beauty rose.
Parisian Yellow — a fine, rich yellow.
Suzon — our favorite pale, pink Darwin.

100 bulbs
(10 of each)

.50

CHESTER JAY HUNT, Inc.,

Mayfair Garden, Dept. K,

Write for the

"BLUE BOOK"

Complete descriptions of all these
Tulips are included in our 1922 "Blue
Book," a copy of which will be mulled
to all who send orders for any of these
collections. If you do not order from
this advertisement and prefer to make
your own selection from our complete
list of varieties, send 25 cents for the
"Blue Book." This amount will be
credited on future orders amounting to
$2. ."i(t, or over.

Little Falls, New Jersey

RAIN WHEN ^fou WANT IT

It Makes Your Garden Water Itself

A TURN of a valve and at
once comes a gentle
rain-like watering, that thor-
oughly and uniformly waters
every square inch of your
garden. Not just wet on top,
mind you; but wet way down
below the roots, so they can
draw on it for days. It
neither puddles nor packs the
soil.

Increases your soil's fertility
by uniformly converting into

liquid form the soil foods,
which are otherwise totally
unavailable to the roots.
No watering system waters
like the Skinner System. It
waters equally well, a small
garden or acres. Even so lit-
tle as $9.75 buys one of our
18 feet Portable Rain
Makers.

Nothing to get out of order.
Lasts a lifetime. Catalog if
you wish.

The Skinner Irrigation Co.
231 Water St., Troy, Ohio

illlllllllllM

Grow
Your
Own-

1 It's Lots More
Fun!

EVERYBODY wants Perennials
— and wants them in generous
measure, to secure the desired effects in
color and charm. If you delay and finally
buy plants, the cost amounts high; an attractive
perennial border may require several hundred dollars' worth of plants.
Exactly the same results can be secured with a few dollars' worth
of SEEDS ! And aside from the money saving you have the fascina-
tion of growing your own plants, nursing them from the beginning,
and loving them all the more! Sow your seeds now, and the plants
will bloom next year.

A Garden of Perennials for $2 (P£T£SO)

Achillea, The Pearl. 3 ft.

Alyssum saxatile. Yellow. 3 ft.

Aquilegia (Columbine), Giant Lychnis Haageana hybrida.

Long-Spurred. 3 ft. Lythrum roseum superbum.

Campanula pyramidalis. Blue. 4 ft. -

Coreopsis grandiflora. 2 ft.
Delphinium, Finest Hybrids. 4 ft.
Dianthus, Hardy Double Garden

Pinks. 1 ft.
Dieitalis (Foxglove), Spotted,

Mixed. 3 ft.

Gaillardia grandiflora, Mixed. 1 ft.
Geum, Mrs. Bradshaw. 18 in.
Gypsophila paniculata (Baby s

Breath). 3 ft.
Hollyhock, Chater's Double, Mixed.

5ft.

Our "Book for Garden Lorers" (25 cents « copy) FREE with above offer.

26 West 59th St.
New York

Lupinus, Excelsior Hybrids, Mixed.
3 ft.

18 in.
3 ft.

Pentstemon, Large-Flowering Hy-
brids. 3 ft.

Platycodon grandiflora. Blue. 2 ft.

Poppies, Iceland, Mixed. 1 ft.

Pyrethrum roseum hybridum. 2 ft.

Shasta Daisy. 18 in.

Stokesia cyanea. Blue. 18 in.

Sweet Rocket. 3 ft.

Sweet William, Holborn Glory. 1 ft.

Valeriana (Garden Heliotrope). 3 ft.

Viola cornuta (Tufted Pansies). 6 in.

Seeds

in I

in in an ••••••••Mi

122

House & Garden

The Most Greenhouse— For the Least Money

D V the least money, we mean, the least that is con-
sistent with lastingness and the making of a happy
healthy home for your plants.

It's just a clean cut, thoroughly practical green-
house, in which the ornamental touches and extra
refinements, so to speak, have been eliminated.

Still it is decidedly good looking, and will grow
just as many and just as fine quality of flowers, as any
house that costs more.

Glad to send you fullest of particulars, or one of
us will come and talk it over with you.

BtirrihamCo.

IRVINGTON

New York

Builders of Greenhouses and Conservatories

NEW YORK PHILADELPHIA. CHICAGO BOSTON CLEVELAND ATLANTA TORONTO

30 E. 42nd St. Land Title Bldg. Cent. Bk. Bldg. II Little Bldg. 407 Ulmer Bldg. Atlanta Trust Co. Bldg. Harbor Commission Bldg

EASTERN FACTORY WESTERN FACTORY CANADIAN FACTORY

Irvington. N. Y.

Des Plaines. III.

St. Catherines. Ont.

BIRD BATHS

FOUNTAINS

SUN DIALS

VASES

JARS

GAZING GLOBES

BENCHES

FLOWER POTS

BOXES, ETC.

AIDWflOlTERy

does the Essential Touch to a Garden

A Bird Bath makes a delightful spot of interest, a Sun Dial adds
quaintness while Jars and Vases form charming contrasts against
the colorful backgrounds.

Many attractive designs are executed in our light stony gray, high
fired, frost proof TERRA COTTA. Red, buff and other colors will
be made.

Our catalogue illustrating 300 numbers will be sent upon receipt of
20c in stamps.

Galloway Terra Cotta Company 3218 Walnut Street

Established 1810

Philadelphia

Mr. Farr Selects Ten Tulips
for House & Garden Readers

Amateur gardeners, and those of long experience, fasten their faith
to Farr's Selected Dutch Bulbs just as they do to Fair's hardy plants.
Many gardeners have asked me to name ten Tulips for outdoor grow-
ing— here they are, In Single Earlies and Darwlns —

Special Group of Single
Early Tulips

Doz. 100
Artus. Bright scarlet. $0.65 $4.50

Chrysolora. Pure
golden yellow 65 4.50

Pink Beauty. Rosy

pink, shaded white.. 1.00 4.50

Keizerkroon. Red,

border yellow 65 4.50

White Hawk. Pure

white 90 6.50

Special Group of Darwin
Tulips

Doz. 100

Bartigan. Fiery red,
the earliest $1.00 $7.00

Clara Butt. The best
salmon-pink 65 4.50

La Tulipe Noire. The
Black Tulip 75 5.00

Mr. Farncombe Sand-
ers. Brilliant scarlet,
large and showy 90 6.50

William Copeland.

Light lilac 85 6.00

A special discount of 10% will be given on these
varieties if your order is received before July 1, 1922,
and you mention House & Garden. Cash should ac-
company your order.

"Better Bulbs by Farr" is the title of my 1922 catalog of the most
desirable Tulips. Hyacinths, Narcissi and Crocus for garden and house
culture. I will gladly send you a copy on receipt of your name and
address.

Bertrand H. Farr, Wyomissing Nurseries Co.

106 Gar field Avenue, Wyomissing, Pa.

Wyomissing is famous the world over for Peonies and Irises. Thou-
sands of people visit us during the blooming season, not only to see the
display, but to select for their own gardens the varieties that are most
appealing in loveliness. Our Peonies are usually at their best from
June 5 to 10th, according to the season. Therefore, visitors should
write or wire for the best days on which to visit this wonderful display.

June, 1922

IMPROVING
NATURE

It's not enough nowadays to
seed a lawn, set out shrubs and
plants and then let nature "do the
rest." Only in rare seasons does
nature supply sufficient moisture
to impart full vigor to a lawn or
garden and make it lastingly
beautiful.

The early gardeners soon
learned the value of constant
watering by hand, to supplement
nature. And the modern gar-
dener carries the improvement
still further by the use of Cornell
Irrigation Systems. Like having
rain when you want it, where you
want it and as much as you want.

A Cornell system is absolute in-
surance against dry weather, and
quickly pays for itself in the
losses it prevents.

We are prepared to make complete surveys and submit plans and speci-
fications covering the installation of piping systems and pumping units.

W. G. CORNELL COMPANY

PLUMBING • HEATING

123

Chicago

Cleveland

Washington

Kansas City

Baltimore

Newark

Boston

Philadelphi.

Norfolk

UNION SQUARE
NEW YORK CITY

LIGHTING

Pittsburg
St. Louis
Montreal

Systems of Irrigation

SEND me free of charge, y9ur
illustrated booklet describing
in detail the Cornell Systems of
Irrigation.

IN A

POWER MOWER

Safe Economy

Strength is not sacrificed to lightness, nor durability to price in
this mower, yet it is the handiest and most economical power
mower on the market. Not built to meet a price but to fulfill
a need in a highly satisfactory way. Compare the new low
price of the Jacobsen 4-Acre Mower with the work it performs,
look at its finished, sturdy construction, and you must admit
it is a rare value.

The "4 -Acre" Power Mower

The Pinnacle of Perfection in Power Lawn Mowers

Here are just a few of the outstanding advantages of the
"4- Acre."

Motor specially designed, air-cooled,
forced draft, magneto ignition, throt-
tle control, powerful and reliable.
Will cut on 35° incline.
Gear Drive enclosed. Transmission
and clutches run in bath of oil. En-
tirely dirt, dust and fool proof.
Independent Control of Power on Cut-
ting Unit and
Traction
Wheels so op-
e r a t o r may
travel over
stony r o a d -
ways, up and
down curbings,
etc., without
revolving cut-
ting unit.
Differential in
Wheel gives
power on both
wheels, yet allows easy
steering for turning in

and out of flower beds, bushes, paths, etc.
Capacity — four to five acres a day at fuel
cost of less than 40 cents.

BEAUTIFUL CATALOGUE SENT FREE

Reduced 1922 Price $270 F. 0. B. Racine. Grass
Catcher $5. A Dealer's Opportunity. Write Today.

Jacobsen Manufacturing Co.

Dept. A. Racine, Wisconsin, U. S. A.

l&3rf.S$T*G

? Pergolas — Arbors and Lattice Fences

Also: Artificial Stone Fountains, Flower
Vases, and Bird Baths. Bronze Sun-dials,
and Gazing Globe.

This advertisement shows only a few selections
of suggestive features taken from our catalogue
which contains several hundred practical illus-
trations of distinctive Garden decorations for
beautifying the surroundings of home. Here,
too, you will find suggestions which are suitable
for making your garden a reposing place for
leisure hours.

When writing tor copy enclose 20c and ask for
Catalogue "P-33"

HARTMANN-SANDERS COMPANY

Factory and Showroom: 2155-87 Elston Ave., Chicago.
Eastern Office and Showroom: 6 East 39th Street, New York City

124

House & Garde:

^VATAYAYAYAYAY*

"Unvarnished
Facts About
Peonies"

OUT in Ken-
osha, Wiscon-
sin, there is a real
peony fan, Henry
S. Cooper, whose
love for the flower
has led him over

many years to the full-
est understanding and
appreciation of this
beautiful flower.

Last year Mr. Cooper
issued a catalogue of
the peonies he offered
for sale from his collec-
tion. The book "Tips
and Pointers for Be-
ginners with Peonies,"
which he sends out free,
created a great deal of
interest. It contained
much helpful informa-
tion about the peony
never before published.
Letters from enthusias-
tic readers all over
America testified to the
help and inspiration of
its pages.

If you will be satisfied
only with the best peonies
in your garden, you will
want to read this book,
and thus partake of the
knowledge of one of the
most enthusiastic peony
lovers.

At the request of friends,
Mr. Cooper has this year
published a more elaborate
book,

"Unvarnished Facts
About Peonies"

which he offers to readers
of House & Garden at this
time, — in describing the
book, Mr. Cooper writes:
"This year I am publishing a
larger book with much more
information for peony grow-
ers and with colored plates,
which, I am told, are the
most real and natural pictures
of peonies ever published. It
cost me a raft of money, and
I have to make some kind of
a nominal charge for it. So
I charge twenty-five cents and
if you do not think it worth
one dollar, I will send back
the twenty-five cents and you
can keep the book. You can
also deduct the twenty-five
cents from your first order
amounting to $5.00^ so the
book won't cost you anything.
I think it will be worth more
than it costs you, as it has so
much new matter that has
never before been published."

You ntrely cannot invest
twenty 'Jive cents better.

Peony Fan
KENOSHA, WISCONSIN

^AYAYAYAYAYAYA^

A Home Well-Liked
Through a Lawn Well-Kept

Only through exceeding care may the lawn about your home be kept
in the good health necessary to make it the desired setting for your
beautiful house.

Proper trimming is essential to a vigorous grass growth and light rolling

of the lawn immediately after is also needed to impart that velvety green

softness of appearance.

The Model "L" Roller and Motor Lawn Mower combines in one handy

little machine these two good -lawn necessities — and in so doing effects

a great saving in time and cost.

this machine, the Model "L" cuts and lightly rolls a 25-inch swath to the

total of six acres per day — if needed.

We have an interesting little book about lawns, which was written by

a man who loved their beauty. Shall we send you a copy?

LAWN MOWER Co.

NEWBURGH, N.Y. U. S. A.

SPRAY FOR LAWNS

BIRD BATH AND

LAWN SPRAY

ATTACH YOUR HOSE

Spray easily adjusted from small single stream
as fountain to wide spread of 30 feet for lawn.

PORTABLE
CAST IRON CEMENT COLOR

Diameter Bowl 20 in. Height zq in.

East Mississippi West Mississippi

$I2.5O Carriage Paid $13.50

The Simpson Foundry & Engineering Co.
NEWARK, OHIO

BEAUTIFY YOUR HEDGE

with the

LITTLE WONDER HEDGE TRIMMER

Trade Mark Reg. U. 8. Pat. Office.

THIS invention takes the work out of hedge-trimming.
Trims !i to 10 times as fast as by hand — various ad-
justments and attachments suit it to every shape and cut
desired.

$27.50 PREPAID east of the Mississippi
$30.00 west of the Mississippi
Light and easy to operate.

Will trim back the new growth of hedge during the summer
months and keep your hedge as neat as your lawn. Is
mechanically perfect and made of the best of materials.
Weighs sixteen pounds. Numerous testimonials from users.
Complete Instructions accompany each machine. Sold by
leading dealers. Write today, enclosing check, and we will
ship your machine at once. References. Circulars on request.

JOHN C. DETTRA MACHINE CO.,

OAKS, Montgomery County, PENN.

DAHLIAS

"Plant in June
for Fines t Bloom ' '

Special Introductory Offers :

Five beautiful Cactus Dahlias, $1.00
Five grand Decorative Dahlias, $1.00
Two giant Century, Two unique
Collarette, Two Ball (6 in

all) $1.00

Five Paeony Dahlias $1.00

One root each: Mrs. C. H. Breck,
yellow and carmine; Queen Mary,
best pink, and L. Kramer Peacock,
best white $1.00

Above 5 offers, each
Dahlia carefully
labeled, true to name,
and my book on The
Dahlia, all post-paid
for $5.00.

OUR NEW CATALOGUE, THE
WORLD'S BEST DAHLIAS, not
only shows the paeony dahlia Queen
Elizabeth and Golden West Cactus
in natural colors, but TELLS THE
PLAIN TRUTH about the best new
and standard varieties, including 12
WONDERFUL NEW CREATIONS
now offered for the first time.

THE LEADING DAHLIA
CATALOGUE FREE.

Write today. A post-card will bring
you a copy by return mail.
The finest blooms can be had with
dahlias planted up to July 1st.

PEACOCK DAHLIA FARMS

(Largest in the World)

BERLIN NEW JERSEY

There must be a
reason for lead'
ership--and
there is.

Pennsylvania Qual-
ity has proven in
actual service to
mean longest lived,
most efficient and
most economical of
all lawn mowers.

Hardware
Dealers

and
Seedsmen

June, 1922

125

A New Invention
For Your Garden

THE Empire sprinklers, con-
nected with an ordinary garden
hose to a faucet with average water
pressure will sprinkle your garden
evenly and without waste of water.
Made in three sizes: —

Empire Midget — portable and compact,
solid brass nozzle, having forty-seven holes.
Sprinkles 50 foot circle. Inside the nozzle
it strainer prevents outlets from clogging.
Weight, two pounds. Price $2.50 F. O. B.
New York City.

Empire Adjustable— This sprinkler em-
bodies a new idea in irrigation: that of
having two nozzles on adjustable arms which
may be set to throw at one time two fan-
tthaped sprays in any direction. Each of the
two nozzles will throw a spray to cover 40
ffot. By turning the arms in opposite
directions, the spray will cover 80 feet.
Height two feet. Weight six pounds. Price
$6.25 F. O. B. New York City.

Empire Rotary — This is universally ad-
justable-— its arms, its nozzles, its direction,
the height of its throw, can all be ad-
justed. Will cover evenly a 75-foot circle.
By pointing the nozzles upward, you can
restrict the area. Simple adjustment
changes the spray from a rotary to a
stationary. All essential parts are of the
best brass. Itust proof, handsome finish,
strainer in each nozzle, cannot get out of
order. Ht'lRht 22 inches, weight ten pounds.
Price $10.00 F. O. B. New York City.

Orders filled same day as received. Shipped
by parcel post or express.

Send for booklet "The Gentle Art of
Watering Your Garden."

RAMAPO IRRIGATION CO.

88 West Broadway, New York

No. 238 Price $14.00

Weight, 80 Ibs. Approx. Height, 24 in.

OUR FRIENDS
—the BIRDS

will appreciate a Bird Bath at
which to pause, drink and bathe.
Many designs of bird baths,
sundials, Garden seats and Or-
namental flower pots are illus-
trated in our 1922 catalog sent
free on request.
Dealers attention.

THE WHEATLEY
POTTERY COMPANY

4617 Eastern Ave., Cincinnati, 0.

Townsend's Multiplex WHAT YOU CAN

DO IN JUNE

Floats over the uneven Ground as a Ship Rides the Waves

The Greatest Grass-cutter on Earth — Cuts 100 Acres a Day
Cuts a Swath 12 feet, 114 Inches or 86 Inches Wide

ONE unit may he climbing a knoll,
another skimming the level and
another paring a hollow.

Not an assembly of tractor and
mowers but a single, compact ma-
chine like an automobile with 3, 4 or
5 cutting units.

Driven by a 17 H.P. four cylinder,
water-cooled gasoline motor of great
power and quality with Splitdorf
Dixie Aero Magneto, a wonderful
radiator, sliding gear transmission,
two speeds forward and reverse, etc.

Can also be drawn by horse, the
motor being removed, or converted
into a powerful tractor by detaching
the cutting units.

Can back up or turn a complete
circle in double its width. Can stop
in six inches: — it has a powerful
brake — the only one that has. This
is vital.

It has not a single cog wheel in its
cutting units and but few elsewhere
and those few very strong.

The cutting units are controlled
from the driver's seat. Throw them
in gear, throw them out. rain- them,
lower them — all with a tiny lever at
your right.

Do we guarantee it? Write your
own.

Send for catalogue illustrating all
types oj TOWNSEND MOWERS.

S. P.Townsend&Co., 244 Glenwood Avenue, Bloomfield, N. J.

Enjoy a Month oj Peonies

YOU can easily arrange a full month of Peonies
with every day unfolding new beauty. The
color and season chart of our Peony Catalog will
show you how.

Be sure to visit our peony fields between May 25th
and June 1 5th, when the iris, followed by the peonies,
will be worth coming miles to see. In any case, send
for our catalog of peonies and iris, for the pages of
which the camera has preserved charming glimpses
of these varieties.

S. G. HARRIS, Peony Specialist

Box H Tarrytown, N. Y.

YOUR GARDEN

NEEDS A

SUN DIAL

To add to its completeness

Xo garden is complete without robins, wrens and

other cheery native birds to give it song and life.

The greatest inducement you can offer them to

visit you this summer is a good bird-bath.

Our bird-baths, fountains, benches and all kinds of

garden furniture and ornaments are made of artificial

stone properly designed, attractive, and as durable as

stone

Catalogue G describes and illustrates them interestingly.

We shall be glad to send it upon request.

Architectural Decorating Co.

"Make Your Garden as Attractive as Your Home"
1 600 South Jefferson St. Chicago, 111.

tltAC IN BLOOM
V.-TH BAIL Of EARTH

A Personal Massage from Henry Hicks

HOW many
folks will
be saying this
Summer "How
I wish I had
planted some
shade trees
there on the
lawn" or "I
should have
planted some
flowering
shrubs, pererj-
nials or an-
nuals to com-
plete my color
scheme but I'll
have to wait until next year.

You came to live in the country to
enjoy the clean air, the beauty, com-
fort and quietness of natural living.
You came to secure natural play-
(rrounds for your children, home-
grown fruits and vegetables for your
family and guests. I wonder if you
are getting full measure — taking full
advantage of your opportunities?

Why delay longer? Why regret omis-
sions? By our tried and tested methods,
we can add to your planting in June, just
as we are doing for other folks and as we
have dime for many years.

There is no reason why you should let
another year pass without colors, without
the charm and peacefulness of shade trees,
flowering shrubs and evergreens on your
home grounds. Just tell us what you want
and depend on us to do all the technical
thinking. . .

We have heeii growing nursery stock for
seventy years and our experience is at your
disposal." We have supplied the stock and
done the planting on some of the big estates
in the Kast as well as supplied well-grown
nursery stock for many John Joneses and
Jim Smiths through North-eastern America
who trusted us with their ordera

If you want shade, tell us the conditions
and we will make suggestions or, you come
and pick them out — some are ready in boxes
and tubs. If you want more color, let us
know what you have planted and we will
serve your needs.

Don't envy a beautiful place — have one.
We have shade trees and evergreens five,
ten and twenty years old that we have been
growing, waiting for you to call for. By
using them you get immediate results. In
other words, we will give you a ready-made
garden and express your taste in that gar-
den.

Do you want to enclose your lawn, your
flower garden, ynur laundry yard? Do you
want to shut off the street or the next
place? A carload of evergreens and shrubs
will do it even 1,000 miles away.

The confidence of our thousands of cus-
tomers is our best recommendation.

If you haven't yet received a copy of
"Home Landscapes", send for one. We have
just issued a new edition, illustrated with
some beautiful colored paintings of actual
gardens and it is yours for the asking. Our
list of rare plants is extensive. Have the
pleasure of looking them over. The chart
in our catalog gives you volumes of informa-
tion on hardy flowers in the most under-
standable manner.

And remember, — if you love a plant, you
can make it live anytime.

(Signed) HENKY HICKS

HICKS NURSERIES

(Mention House & Garden)

WESTBURY. BOX H. LONG ISLAND, NEW YORK

126

House & Garden

Make A Clear Cut Edge to Your Lawn

WITH A

Richardson Border Machine

(1922 MODEL)

TpHE use of the Richardson Border Machine is
conducive to a better kept lawn, in that while
the lawn is being mowed the edges can be trimmed
quickly and easily. The inclination to neglect
the edges is removed by the facility with which
this machine does that work, with little effort and
fatigue. pieate Write for Booklet

THE STANDARD SAND and MACHINE CO.

5151 St. Clair Avenue Cleveland, Ohio

"Like a Gentle Shower"

THE DOUBLE ROTARY
SPRINKLER

Sprinkles the even, natural -way
"like a gentle shower". Covers
a radius of 15 to 80 feet, accord-
ing to water pressure. All parts
are made of best materials and are
interchangeable.

Price $12.50 prepaid anywhere East
of the Rockies. Order from this
advertisement or write for fur-
ther description and information.

The
Double
Rotary
Sprinkler

THE DOUBLE ROTARY
SPRINKLER CO.

1229 Coc. Cola Bldg. Kansu Gty, Mo.

For Better
Gardens A

Your vegetable garden, roses and
other flowers find a destructive foe
at this time in a little green bug
called Aphis. It attacks leaves and
stems.

SPRAY
"Black
Leaf 40"

It Kills Aphis, Thrip, Leaf Hopper and other
soft-bodied sap-sucking insert- pests on trees,
shrubs, flowers, vines and vege-
tables. Bottle, making about six
gallons of spray. 35c.

Order It through your dealer In
ample time for your n^eds.

Tobacco By-Products
and Chemical Corporation

(incorporated)
Louisville, Ky.

Perfect
Flowers

Attractive !

A PRETTY home, a delightful
lawn and entrancing garden may
be made doubly attractive and kept
that way by a suitable fence enclosure
—one that will be beautiful and yet
possess utilitarian value. The de-
signs available in

Afco Fences and Gates

possess the elements of strength and perma-
nent attractiveness, combined with a prop-
erly moderate investment.

The Service Staff of our Com-
pany is available to help you
plan and select the enclosure
suited to your needs.

Book 22W Pri-
ra-tc Estates
and Residence
Gates and
Fences contains
interesting ex-
amples and sug-
gestions.

American Fence Construction Co.
30 West 34th St., Address: Dept. E New York

Halftone of model No. 102

Before Building See

Your Home in

Miniature

HTHE book, "Small Homes of
A Character," contains fifty
examples of four, five, six and
seven room homes. One of
them is sure to meet your re-
quirements or afford you val-
uable suggestions. It is yours
for one dollar.

DEFINITELYvisualize your
home after selecting the
plan you like best by sending
for a card-board model. The
models are on a scale of % inch
to equal one foot. Done in
colors to illustrate to you at-
tractive color combinations.

Send for book now and select
the model you want.

Price Postpaid, $1.00.

Architectural House Planning Service
Company

20 S. 18lh ST.

PHILADELPHIA, PA.

June, 1922

127

Dreer's

Water Lilies

THE month of June is the
ideal time to plant the gor-
geous tender or tropical Nym-
phaeas. We offer strong, pot-
grown plants of a grand assort-
ment of both day and night
blooming varieties in all colors;
also Victoria, Trickeri. Hardy
Nymphaeas and Nelumbiums
can not be supplied at this season.
All are described in Dreer's Gar-
den Book, which also gives full
information on growing Flowers
and Vegetables of all kinds. A
copy free if you mention this
publication.

We offer free to our patrons
the advice of our experts in
devising plans for ponds
and selecting varieties.

HENRY A. DREER

714-16 Chestnut Street

PHILADELPHIA, PA.

Make Your Garden
A Wonder Garden

It's easy. Market growers know the
secret. Follow it and have the largest
crops of fruits and vegetables, an
abundance of the biggest and sweetest
scented flowers of the most intense and
vivid colors. Here is the secret !

The better grades of commercial fer-
tilizers contain only 3 to 5 per cent
nitrogen ; 6 to 10 per cent phosphoric
acid and 3 to 5 per cent potash, com-
bined in material that has no fertiliz-
ing value. Most fertilizers are far be-
low this average.

Science has produced a tablet, rich
in plant food, containing 11 per cent
nitrogen ; 12 per cent phosphoric acid
and 15 per cent potash — clean and
odorless.

For crops in rows, set the tablets a
foot apart along the row.

Three tablets, one every ten days, in
the hills make Cucumbers, Squash,
Melons and Vines fairly jump.

In Flower Beds and Borders, place
tablets a foot apart.

For Bush Fruits and Shrubbery, use
three to five tablets, placed in the soil
about each plant.

Fruit or Ornamental Trees, place
tablets two feet apart, extending from
the trunk as far as the longest
branches.

Fine also for greenhouse benches and
pot plants.

Four tablets dissolved in a gallon of
water, used in place of liquid manure.
is less trouble and gives better results
than objectionable manure water.
Makes velvety lawns.

Each tablet contains highly concen-
trated, immediately available plant
food. They increase production,
heighten color and improve quality.
Their use is highly profitable.

The name of the tablet is Stim-U-

SlanT. No matter how fertile the soil,
tim-U-planT is effective in feeding
and forwarding crops. Market Garden-
ers use them in large quantities. Order
by name — there is no substitute.

Price delivered : 100 tablets, 75 cts. ;
1,000 tablets, $3.50.

If your dealer hasn't it, order from
the makers —

EARP-THOMAS CULTURES

CORPORATION
80-82 Lafayette St., New York

GARDEN CRAFT

CRYSTAL LAKE, ILL.

We send un-
usually attrac-
tive garden
pieces direct to
you. Our mod-
ern methods
save expensive
car pentering
and costs.

BIG or little gardens can be beautiful.
Garden Craft is an inexpensive way
of enhancing nature's charms. Add to the
value of your property with trellises, ar-
bors, fences, pergolas and other attractive
sets ! We have many suggestions for you.
Our drafting department will design spe-
cial pieces. Just write to us. Garden
Craft prices are so low you will delight in
many purchases. Everything is graceful,
and unusually charming.

Please write to

GARDEN CRAFT,

9 Lake Street,
Crystal Lake, Illi-
nois, for complete
Illustrated Infor-
mation.

PEONIES

All the newest European and American introductions
Highest awards by American Peony Society.
Highest awards by American Iris Society.
Mpvilla plants are unsurpassed for vigor and
freedom of bloom.

Descriptive catalog compiled by James Boyd
and John C. Wister— 3(R Price list free.

MOVILLA GARDENS

HAVERFORD PENNSYLVANIA

Power to Push Your Mower and Cultivate Your Garden
ROLENS POWER HOE

and Lawn Mower Tractor
$18O.OO

Perfect Control of tools so you can work
crooked rows of plants like a wheel hoe.
Clears plants 14 in. high. Differential drive
permits turning at the end of row without
exertion. Snap Hitches on all attachments
enable operator to instantly change from
lawn mowing to seeding or cultivating. Does
the work faster and better. Gives you time
for pleasure gardening.

A boy will run it with delight. Writ*

G1LSON MANUFACTURING CO.

112 Park St., Port Washington, Wise.

Complete Your
Garden with
Delphiniums

A Veritable Rainbow
of Cheerful Color

THE present day Hybrid
Delphiniums (Hardy
Larkspurs) offer a wonder-
ful range of colors, varying
from royal purple to the
most marvelous shades of
azure, gentian blue and sap-
phire. Many of the varie-
ties have a large, distinct,
bee-shaped center of a dif-
ferent shade of color than
the surrounding petals, mak-
ing thus a gorgeous contrast.
Many of the light blue va-
rieties have a black contrast-
ing center, and the deep
blue a brilliant Rose colored
center against the dark blue
ground.

DELPHINIUM SEEDLINGS

Totty's Special Hybrids

As the result of years de-
voted to their culture, we
can offer for spring planting
seedling clumps of the very
finest named types and chal-
lenge comparison with any
other house in the country
with our seedling Delphin-
iums. Were they grown in
Europe, many of them would
be named and sold at a high
price. Dozens of letters
were received by us the past
year complimenting us on
our superior seedling Del-
phiniums and many of them
stated that though the
writers had been growing
Delphiniums for years, they
had never received plants
that gave so much satisfac-
tion and pleasure as our
seedlings.

We offer for imme-
diate delivery plants
from three-inch pots.
They will give quanti-
ties of flowers this
coming fall, and be in
splendid condition for
flowering continuously
next summer, giving
a splendid display all
season.

$.3.00 per dozen ;
820.00 per hundred.

(Immediate Delivery)

CHARLES H.TOTTY CO.

Madison

New Jersey

Pirate mentltin Home 4 Garden in writing

128

House &f Garden

GARDEN ELEVATION

FRONT ELEVATION

CROSS-SECTION

SECOND FLOOR PLAN

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

("THERE is a certain formality
JL about this design thai stamps it
essentially as a city house planned
to accommodate some entertaining,
having the parlor, living and din-
ing rooms and foyer hall ' 'en suite' '
like an apartment. & A stairway
with a landing over the entrance
porch leads to a square hall in
the second story, the arrange-
ment of bay window on the stair
landing giving both a spacious
effect to the second story and direct
sunlight to the lower hall. i=> This
house presents a substantial and
strikingly handsome appearance
and, while distinctively foreign in
type, it is one of those types that
tend to grow in one's favor upon
closer acquisitions/iip.

Our booklet, "Designs of Houses Built of Indiana Limestone," sent free upon request.

Consider the Resale Opportunities!

A man builds a home with two objectives: enjoyment and
investment. Usually the first is paramount, but changing
business conditions must be taken into consideration and
the home built with the idea, "just how substantial an in-
vestment will this prove to be ten or twenty years hence?"

A home built of stone will have a surprising increase in
value over the original expenditure. The resale opportu-
nities are greater than of homes built of other materials.

Home builders find Indiana Limestone the most economical
building stone. When they select it they have the advan-
tages of splendid production and transportation facilities
and an unlimited supply of material, assuring a home for
which the same stone will be available for any future addition
or alteration to the original structure. This is frequently not
possible with the product of small and undeveloped quarries.

If you are interested in receiving further information re-
garding this low- cost, natural stone, address Indiana Lime-
stone Quarrymen's Association, Box 782, Bedford, Indiana.

THE NATION'S BUILDING STONE

THE CAREY PRINTING CO. INC

7100

House & garden

PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE
CARDS OR SLIPS FROM THIS POCKET

UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO LIBRARY

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