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ALF. G. HUNTER.
HISTORY
EIGHTY-SECOND
Indiana Volunteer Infantry,
ITS
ORGANIZATION,
CAMPAIGNS AND BATTLES.
WRITTEN AT THE REQUEST OF THE MEMBERS
BY
ALF. G. HUNTER,
Late Adjutant.
INDIANAPOLIS:
WM. B. BURFORD, PRINTER AND BINDER.
1893.
I £
CONTENTS.
PAGE.
PREFACE 7
INTRODUCTION 9
FORMATION 17
PERRYVILLE CAMPAIGN, ETC 23
STONE KIVER CAMPAIGN, ETC , 31
TULLAHOMA CAMPAIGN 43
CHICKAMAUGA CAMPAIGN 53
SIEGE OF CHATTANOOGA 95
BATTLE OF MISSIONARY KIDGE, ETC 105
ATLANTA CAMPAIGN 116
THE MARCH TO THE SEA 135
THROUGH THE CAROLINAS 146
THE HOMEWARD MARCH 165
FINAL EXPLANATION 168
RECOMMENDATIONS . <, - .v. . ... . '. . .;. » 171
ROSTER OF OFFICERS- AND ENLISTED MEN . 177
M182740
PREFACE.
During the thirteenth animal reunion of the
Eighty-second Indiana Volunteer Infantry, held
at Madison, Indiana, September 17 and 18, 1891, it
was decided by the members of the regiment then
present to have a full and complete history of the
regiment prepared in book form, so as to enable
every member to procure one. I, being selected as
the historian, undertake the work with many mis
givings of being able to do ample justice to the
cause. Yet having felt for years that such a his
tory should be prepared, but knowing full well the
time and labor necessary to accomplish it would
prove quite a burden upon whoever undertook it,
I forbore mentioning it at our yearly reunions.
At this meeting, as by one accord, the members
insisted that it must be done, and chose me for the
duty. I have undertaken it and will do my ut
most to produce a work that I hope will meet
with the approval of those who selected me for the
task. I feel the responsibility of the undertaking
more keenly at this date of commencing it, twen
ty-seven years now having elapsed since the mus
ter out of the regiment. Many touching and
8 PREFACE.
thrilling incidents that at an earlier date were
fresh in the memory have now become almost ob
solete from the lapse of time. But knowing the
men that formed the grand old regiment, and feel
ing assured that their criticisms will be full of
charity for me, with all my forebodings I under
take the task with some assurance that it will meet
the approval of the men of whom I write.
INTRODUCTION.
In presenting this history the author deems it
important to give a brief detail of the cause and
effect which made it necessary for the writing of
the same. While the masses of the soldiers know
full well the cause, this is intended for the perusal
of generations yet unborn, and to teach them the
patriotism, valor and heroism of their ancestors —
what they endured in order that this great country
of ours might be one and indivisble. There was a
growing spirit of discontent and disloyalty among
the slave owners of the South to divide the slave
from the free States and establish a government
based on aristocracy and slavery, to be known as
the Confederate States of America, and only
awaited an opportunity to put their plan in opera
tion. On the 6th day of November, 1860, an elec
tion for President of the United States took place
and Abraham Lincoln, of Illinois, was elected by
the Republican party. Notwithstanding he had
no power until the 4th day of March, 1861, to in
terfere with the institution of slavery (four months
off), the Southern leaders made pretext for a cause
(2)
10 INTRODUCTION.
to begin war on their government, that the insti
tution of slavery would be tampered with. On
the 10th day of November, 1860 (four days after
the election), South Carolina led off with a bill in
her Legislature to raise and equip 10,000 men, and
James Chester, United States Senator from South
Carolina, resigned. On the llth day of Novem
ber, Senator Hammond, of South Carolina, re
signed. On the 15th of November Governor
Litcher, of Virginia, called an extra session of the
Legislature. On November 18th the Georgia
Legislature appropriated $1,000,000 to arm and
equip the State. On November 19th Governor
Moore, of Louisiana, called an extra session of
the Legislature. December 1 the Florida Legisla
ture ordered the election of a convention. De
cember 10 Howell Cobb, Secretary of the Treas
ury, resigned. Senator Clay, of Alabama, re
signed, and the Louisiana Legislature ordered the
election of a convention and appropriated $500,000
to arm the State. December 24 members of Con
gress from South Carolina resigned. December
28 South Carolina seized the Government prop
erty in Charleston Harbor and took possession of
Castle Pickney and Fort Moultrie. December 29
John B. Floyd, Secretary of War, resigned. Jan
uary 2, 1861, Governor Ellis, of North Carolina,
took possession of Fort Macon. Georgia troops
seized Forts Pulaski and Jackson and the United
States Arsenal at Savannah. January 4 Governor
Moore, of Alabama, seized Fort Morgan and the
INTRODUCTION. 11
United States Arsenal at Mobile. January 8
Jacob Thompson, Secretary of the Interior, re
signed. Forts Johnson and Caswell seized by
North Carolina. January 9 steamer Star of the
West fired on in Charleston Harbor; Mississippi
Convention passed secession ordinance. January
10 Florida Convention adopted an ordinance of se
cession. Florida seized Fort McRea. January 11
Alabama seceded; P. R. Thompson, Secretary of
the Treasury, resigned ; Governor of Louisiana
seized Forts Philip and Jackson on the Missis
sippi river, the United States Arsenal at Baton
Rouge, and Forts Pike and McComb on Lake Pon-
chartrain. January 13 Florida troops took pos
session of the Pensacola Navy Yard and Fort
Barancas. January 16 Arkansas Legislature
called a convention ; Colonel Hayne, of South Car
olina, demanded of the President the surrender of
Fort Sumpter. January 18 Virginia Legislature
appropriated $1,000,000 for the defense of the
State. January 19 Georgia adopted a secession
ordinance. January 21 members of Congress
from Alabama resigned ; Jefferson Davis resigned
as United States Senator. January 23 Georgia
members of Congress resigned. January 24 the
rebels seized the United States Arsenal at Au
gusta, Ga. January 26 Louisiana Legislature
passed ordinance of secession. February 1, 1861,
Texas Convention passed ordinance of secession.
February 4 delegates from seceded States met at
12 INTRODUCTION.
Montgomery, Ala., to organize a Confederate Gov
ernment. February 8 the United States Arsenal
at Little Rock, Ark., surrendered. February 9
Jefferson Davis and Alexander H. Stevens were
elected provisional President and Vice-President
of the Southern Confederacy. February 13 the
electoral vote was counted; Abraham Lincoln re
ceived 180 votes ; Stephen A. Douglas, 12 ; John
C. Breckenridge, 72, and John Bell, 39. February
19 Fort Kearney, Kas., was seized by the rebels.
February 23 General Twiggs surrendered Govern
ment property in Texas to the rebels, valued at
§1,200,000. March 4, 1861, Texas declared out of
the Union. While all of this was taking place,
James Buchanan, President of the United States,
sat silently by, claiming a State had no right to se
cede, and that the Government had no right to
coerce a State that had seceded. Which one of
two things ? He was either an imbecile, or in
league with traitors. His Secretary of War and Sec
retary of Treasury were particularly instrumental
in crippling the pecuniary and military resources
of the Government* and of great benefit to the
South. While all this preparation for war was
going on the President and members of Congress
from the South took no action against it, which
goes to prove beyond any reasonable doubt that
this was all premeditated with malice aforethought.
As they had often boasted of their great superior
ity of one to five, they concluded all they would
have to do was to show fight and the u Northern
INTRODUCTION. 13
mudsills" would let them have their way. On the
12th day of April, 1861, Fort Sumpter was fired
on, and formally surrendered on the 13th. On the
14th the gallant commander, Major Anderson, and
patriotic little band of 111 men, with the stars and
stripes proudly floating over them, marched out
and sailed for New York. On April 15 President
Lincoln issued a proclamation commanding all
persons in arms against the Government to dis
perse within twenty days ; also calling for 75,000
volunteers. When the news flashed over the
country that the old flag had been insulted and
fired upon, the loyal men of the North, irre
spective of party or sect, rushed to arms with
that valor and patriotism in such quantities as
to elicit the applause of every nation on the
globe (except Jeff Davis and his minions). The
country became one vast field of camps where
drilling and preparations for war were going on.
Every free State responded promptly to all calls
for troops. Kentucky, Tennessee, West Virginia,
Maryland and Missouri furnished troops for the
Government, with small squads from other slave
States. The negro, the innocent cause of the re
bellion, took a part. Slavery, the Nation's greatest
curse, was wiped from existence after four years
of hard service, with the loss of many valuable
lives and millions of treasure. During the war
the Union army entered every slave State, fought
them on their chosen grounds, where everything
in their rear was loyal to their cause, their base of
14 INTRODUCTION.
supplies always at hand, and every hog path fa
miliar to them, while we were compelled to have
thousands of soldiers to guard our line of trans
portation, the depots of supplies and to garrison
points of importance captured. During the war
Indiana soldiers were a very conspicuous part of
the army, acknowledging no superiors from any
State. I see but one mistake made by the army,
i. e., while we were victorious and yet organized
we should have demanded that the leaders of the
rebellion should have paid the penalty of treason.
That would have put an end to treason for all
time. The first gun was fired January 9, 1861, on
the United States steamer Star of the West, and
the war virtually ended with the surrender of
Joseph E. Johnson's army on the 26th of April,
1865, making the duration of the war four years
and near four months. Considering the vast
amount of territory we had to overcome, and the
character of men with which we had to contend
(one of them being a match for five of us) is it not
a wonder that we finished the job so soon, as they
were determined to "die in the last ditch." But
what of the brave men who fell by traitors' bul
lets, died of disease from exposure, and starved to
death by thousands in "hell holes" like Libby,
Belle Isle, Andersonville, etc., their very blood
crying out from the ground for revenge, revenge !
MOHTON 0. HUNTER.
CHAPTER I.
FORMATION.
The war had been progressing sixteen months,
and had assumed such magnitude that more troops
were needed to carry it to a success. The Presi
dent issued a call for 600,000 more volunteers.
About the time the Eighty-second Indiana had
commenced organization, General Bragg, with his
Confederate army was marching on Louisville,
Ky., and General Kirby Smith was marching on
Cincinnati, Ohio. In five days' time the companies
forming the Eighty-second Indiana were ready for
muster into the United States Service. We had to
await mustering officers for some time. The reg
iment was mustered into the service to date August
22, 1862, with Morton C. Hunter as Colonel, Henry
Davis, Lieut. -Colonel, and Paul E. Slocum as Ma
jor. We embarked on steamboat for Louisville,
Ky., on the 1st day of September, 1862, arriving
there at night, and quartered in an old pork house.
On the next day we were brigaded as follows, viz. :
Eighty-first, Eighty-second, Eighty-seventh Indi
ana, and One-hundred-and- fourth Illinois, com
manded by General Burbage, and known as the
"Burbage Brigade." We were encamped south
of Louisville in an open field, which was given the
18 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
name " Camp Grasshopper," on account of the
great numbers of these insects. Here we put in
our time scouting, drilling, picket duty, and pre
paring for active service. Each regiment was en
titled to twelve or thirteen teams. The Quarter
master called on the Captains of each company for
men to go after their teams. The mules furnished
for service were in a stockade, never having a
bridle or harness on. After the outfit had arrived
in camp then the harnessing, hitching and break
ing to work commenced. As there were four reg
iments training at the same time it was very amus
ing to see the performances. You couldn't look
in any direction without seeing a team running off
or giving a company of men some extreme exer
cise. After a short drill of this kind, then the
Colonels had the men harnessed up and gave them
a good sweating out at either company or regi
mental drill. Most of the men had never seen
army drilling, and of course thought it extremely
fanny to hear the drillmaster going along halloo
ing " left, left, left, halt, front," etc. But of course
it wasn't half as funny to them as to those who
had passed through a year's training. After a few
days of drill the men began to put on airs of old
soldiers, and soon proved able to make a very good
appearance, i. e., where the officers .and non-com
missioned officers took any pains to post them
selves in the tactics. A good Captain applied him
self to the study of military art, and had regular
meetings of his non-commissioned officers, and
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 19
instructed them in the art of drilling. Then they
were competent to take the men through squad
drill, giving them a thorough schooling in all the
movements necessary for a line show on company
drill. In this way our time was employed until an
order came for our removal to Cincinnati, Ohio, to
assist in repelling the invasion of Kirby Smith,
then threatening that place. We crossed the Ohio
River to Jeffersonville, Indiana, where the order
was countermanded, and went into camp back of
the city, where we underwent drilling and other
preparations for an advance movement on the
enemy. During our stay about Louisville the
weather was extremely hot and dry. The marches
we underwent, whether necessary for the safety of
the place or intended to " season" the men for the
coming campaign, or both, it had a very disastrous
effect on the new troops. Extreme heat, clouds of
dust, scarcity of water, and the load the men were
required to carry, being unaccustomed to such
severe strains on the body, the germs of disease
were laid, which eventually ripened into disease
of some kind, and was the cause of thousands of
men (who under proper treatment would have be
come good and lasting soldiers) being lost to the
service by death or discharge. The Eighty-second
Indiana sustained a heavy loss on this account
from day to day for several months. Generals
Buell and Bragg were having quite an interesting
time marching for Louisville, each one trying to
prevent a battle. Bragg swung his army between
20 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
Buell and Louisville and captured four thousand
men guarding a bridge at Mumfordsville. Buell
apparently made no effort to prevent. After the
surrender of Mumfordsville Bragg swung his army
off' to the right to give Buell a chance to get to
Louisville. Buell now became very active, and
pushed his front division into Louisville on the
25th day of September, the rear division not get
ting in until the 29th. We had generals without
a fault, but Buell was a general with nothing but
faults. Had he been in full control of the United
States forces and they had obeyed his orders, one
regiment of old women would have won the inde
pendence of the Southern Confederacy. Buell was
relieved from command, but unfortunately rein
stated. Most unfortunately Pap Thomas was not
first in command; had he been, the war would
have come to an end much sooner. He was a gen
eral without a fault, the brightest ornament among
them all ; the only one who fought from the begin
ning to the end without a single defeat. His sol
diers, to a man, were ready to stay until death or
victory relieved them from further duty. His old
corps, the fourteenth, has as bright a record as
any corps in the United States service, and one the
rebels were always anxious to avoid. Upon the
arrival of Buell the army underwent a general re
organization, the new regiments which had so
lately been thrown to the front were scattered
among the old troops. The formation consisted
of three corps, designated first, second and third,
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 21
each containing three divisions of three brigades
each; the first corps, commanded by Major-Gen
eral A. McD. McCook, the second by Major Gen
eral T. L. Crittenden, and the third by Brigadier-
General C. C. Gilbert (a captain wearing Major-
General's rank). The Burbage Brigade, of which
the Eighty-second formed a part, was disbanded,
and we became a part of the First Brigade, First
Division of the Third Corps. Our division was
commanded by General A. Schoepf. Our brigade
was composed of the Seventeenth, Thirty-first and
Thirty-eighth Ohio; Twelfth Kentucky, Eighty-
second Indiana, and Fourth Michigan Battery,
commanded by Colonel Moses B. Walker, of the
Thirty-first Ohio. Bragg soon found that the
army concentrated at Louisville was too many in
numbers for his combined army, and he lay back
awaiting developments before proceeding further.
He was much disappointed after entering Kentucky
at lack of interest by the people to join the rebel
cause. He was making every effort to bring the
people to his assistance. He had inaugurated a
Confederate Governor, procured some recruits,
gathered many good horses for his cavalry, and
much stores needed by his dirty, ragged command.
At the organization of the regiment there were
mustered in —
Field and staff officers 8
Line officers 30
Enlisted men 892
Total.. 930
22 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
Officers recruited by commission 3
Enlisted men recruited 151
Grand total 1,084
Field Line
and Staff. Officers. Total.
Mustered out 4 7 11
Resigned 6 17 23
Died 145
Killed.., 2 2
Totals 11 30 41
ENLISTED MEN.
Died 180
Killed 36
Discharged 223
Transferred to V. E. Corps 54
Transferred to Eng. Corps 18
Transferred to Sig. Corps 1
Transferred to Twenty-second Ind 112
Promoted 20
Missing in action 14
Not accounted for 9
Deserted 30
Killed accidentally 3
Hung 1
Mustered out... 342
Total enlisted 1,043
Total officers 41
Grand total 1,084
CHAPTER II.
PERRYVILLB CAMPAIGN.
On the morning of October 1, 186?, the army
breaks camp at Louisville and starts in pursuit of
Bragg's army. The three corps move on different
roads for the purpose of more rapid marching,
and to be ready to take advantage of the move
ments of Bragg's and Smith's Confederate forces,
and if possible to prevent the consolidation of the
two forces. Our Third Corps moved directly on
Bardstown through Shepardsville. General Sill's
Division of McCook's Corps, and General Du-
mont's Division (a separate command) moved on
the extreme left toward Franklin, to prevent, if
possible, Smith's command from joining Bragg.
The balance of McCook's and Crittenden's Corps
moved on Bardstown. It was expected the rebels
would give battle at this point, but later develop
ments showed plainly they only aimed to catch
our army in detail, and so do it as much damage
as possible without engaging our whole force.
Soon after leaving Louisville the head of our col
umn met the enemy's advanced skirmishers (prin
cipally cavalry) who took advantage of every
position to give us trouble, in order to cause as
24 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
much delay as possible, and if possible to give
them a chance to catch some detached force to at
tack. Our advance became more desperate from
day to day, the, enemy showing heavier forces to
contend with. Bragg's idea was to catch the
Third Corps at Perry ville without support and
wipe it from existence. It was not his intention
to bring on a general engagement, therefore he
sent General Polk in command of two corps to do
the job, while he was attending to the honors due
the Governor. Our corps (Third) moved on the
direct road to Perryville, arriving within three
miles on the evening of the 7th and deployed in
line of battle, the enemy being there hi force.
The First and Second Corps wrere ordered to con
centrate on Gilbert's position, as the enemy gave
warning that a battle was certain at this point.
The roads were very dusty and water extremely
scarce. The troops were suffering for water. Our
lines were advanced for the purpose of procuring
water, bringing on a spirited battle for a short
time. Night coming on, and having secured water
sufficient (but of very poor quality) our troops
were halted and every arrangement made for the
night, the enemy not appearing very anxious for
a night engagement. Both armies \vere making
arrangements for an early attack in the morning.
On the opening of the morning of the 8th both
armies appeared to know re-enforcements were
coming to both, and from some cause the battle
was deferred until about 1 o'clock p. M. Two
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 25
corps of the enemy opened on McCook's Corps,
and made a desperate effort to crush the left
flank. Our troops fought most determined and
succeeded in holding their lines. Sheridan's and
Mitchel's Divisions of the Third Corps were on
the front line, and had a spirited battle. Schoepfs'
Division was in reserve and did nothing but
watch and listen to what was going on. Had we
been under a commander that believed in hurting
the rebel cause there would have been but a small
rebel army left for battles. General Buell says he
never knew that McCook was engaged until in
formed at night. This may be in keeping with
his military ideas, but it fails to show any ability
for a man to be in command of an army. Having
been under General Buell once before my confi
dence in him as a commander, or as a man of
loyal elements, was not of the highest grade.
This battle failed to raise him in my estimation.
Even the file felt and openly expressed their
thoughts that had Pap Thomas been first in com
mand the rebel army would have been Utterly torn
to pieces, and the heavy trains of army supplies
would have fallen into our possession. After this
blunder of conducting the army in battle he re
mained idle until the l^th, giving Bragg three
days' time to retreat and make sure of his heavy
trains. On the 12th the army started in pursuit,
Gilbert's Corps taking a road midway between
Harrodsburg and Danville, passing through Lan
caster to Crab Orchard, where McCook's and
(3)
26 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
Gilbert's Corps were halted. Crittenden's Corps
followed the enemy as far as London. The coun
try was poor and rough, with but little to feed an
army at best, and having been stripped by the
rebel army it was quite a job to subsist an army,
and there being no further use for forces in this
quarter McCook's and Gilbert's Corps were or
dered to march for Bowling Green. Our corps
moved through Stanford, Lebanon, Campbells-
ville, Lawrenceburg and Cave City. While on
this trip as we were going into camp one evening
between Cave City and Bowling Green, Col. Hun
ter, wishing to protect his men from the ravages of
the older troops, gave the following order : "At
tention, Eighty-second, put your knapsacks, hav
ersacks and canteens under your heads to keep
the G — d d — n Seventeenth Ohio from stealing
them." The Seventeenth had been stopped about
a mile back for picket duty, but heard the order
and told us about it the next day on the march.
The Eighty-second wasn't exactly like the Sixth
historian says they were, "paid for everything
they took," but, on the contrary, took everything
they could get their hands on (if they wanted it)
from friend or foe (they learned this from the
Seventeenth Ohio), and if those losing anything
wanted any pay for it they could do as done by
or take it out of their hides. It wasn't long until
the Seventeenth Ohio was glad to draw the line —
we will quit if you will. This settled it. The
Eighty-second was never known to strike even an
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 27
enemy when he said, " I surrender." The Eighty-
second had two good chaplains during their time,
Samuel W. McNaughton and Mathew M. Camp
bell, who did their full duty at all times, and
were loved and respected by all members of the
regiment. Yet the balance of the regiment did
not make any claims for chaplain positions during
the war. As a regiment we did not think it any
disgrace to take sustenance for man or beast from
a rebel. On the contrary we deemed it a pressing
duty, and always took great pride in performing
every duty assigned us. As the command passed
Oave City twelve or fourteen from my brigade ac
companied me to the Mammoth Cave and spent a
fine time exploring its many wonders. There are
many things in this renowned cave that would
pay any one for going to see. Gilbert's Corps
reached Bowling Green the latter part of October.
About this time the much needed job for which
the army was languishing was attended to. Gen
eral Buell was relieved from further control of one
of the best armies in the United States. While
the man that succeeded him was much the best
officer, yet Rosecrans was a failure as soon as the
tide turned against him. The army was now des
ignated the " Fourteenth Corps ; " later, " Army of
the Cumberland." The troops that had marched
from Stevenson, Alabama, and points in Tennessee
to relieve the danger of Louisville and Cincinnati
were needing rest, and the new troops called into
the field, having entered immediately upon an
28 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
active campaign, needed drilling to make them
efficient soldiers. The army was distributed from
Louisville to Nashville, having been threatened
continuously from the time the army fell back to
Louisville until MeCook's Corps made its arrival
there. Two divisions under the command of Gen
erals Negley and Palmer had been holding the
place against the assaults and demands of Breck-
enridge and his rebel command. SchoefFs Divis
ion, to which the Eighty-second belonged, was
moved to Gallatin, Tennessee, and was kept busy
guarding points of importance, foraging, drilling,
etc. While here the Thirty-first Ohio, Lieutenant-
Colonel Lister commanding, was sent to Cage's
Ford, on the Cumberland river, to guard it against
cavalry crossing. General Morgan, and some of
his officers dressed as citizens, paid him a visit
and talked very nice and loyal, but looking up the
lay of the forces for the purpose of an attack.
On account of good camping ground Lister had
formed his camp on the opposite side of the river.
After these loyal citizens had left his camp he
thought perhaps there might be some trick about
it, and moved his regiment across the river and
awaited developments. About daybreak next
morning these citizens, and a gang of the same
kind, came on to the camp with a grand charge,,
but meeting with a volley from the Thirty-first
they beat a more speedy retreat. The Eighty-
second was sent down to assist the Thirty-first,
making a forced march of six miles, but found
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 29
them masters of the field. While we lay at Gal-
latin everything was on the alert to keep the rebel
€avalry from doing damage to our communica
tions. We had to stand to arms from four o'clock
to daylight every morning. Drilling, picket duty,
foraging and scouting kept us very busy. While
here the mumps and measels caused the loss of
many men to the regiment. Every man that had
never had them took down. Many were never
able for duty again, and many were discharged by
doctors who thought more of money than they
did of their country. We had many deserters up
to this time, relatives and friends writing them to
quit the abolition war and come home, the society
of the K. G. C. would protect them and there was
no danger of being captured and taken back. On
their arrival home they found the cowardly hounds
who wished the rebels well hadn't courage enough
to open their mouths, and they had to lay con
cealed in the woods. As soon as President Lin
coln issued his proclamation, saying all deserters
who would return to their commands by such a
time the charge of desertion would be removed
and nothing further done, the boys came in squads
and the regiment looked like old times again.
Most of the desertions was caused by home folks,
and, with very few exceptions, it was a one-sided
affair. During the forepart of December Walker's
Brigade moved to Nashville and made all prepa
rations to assist in the campaign against Murfrees-
boro. (We were extremely sorry on our arrival
30 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
to find the "goats" all gone, but when we found
the Sixth had gotten them felt hetter.) The other
two brigades of the division were left behind as
guards for the railroad, to keep it in running
order, so as to insure sufficient supplies for the
campaign. The army having been reorganized,
we formed a part of the First Brigade, Third Di
vision, Fourteenth Corps. The division was com
manded by Brigadier General S. S. Fry. Our
brigade was composed of the Seventeenth, Thirty-
first and Thirty-eighth Ohio ; Eighty-second Indi
ana, and Fourth Michigan Battery. During our
stay at Nashville we kept up our usual work when
in camp, drilling, picket, etc. The regiment was
much reduced in numbers, yet what was on duty
were in good shape for a hard campaign, which
was so close at hand.
CHAPTER III.
STONE'S RIVER CAMPAIGN.
On December 26, 1862, Walker's Brigade, com
posed of the Seventeenth, Thirty-first and Thirty-
eighth Ohio; Eighty-second Indiana, and Fourth
Michigan Battery, started on the Murfreesboro
campaign, marching by the Franklin pike, encamp
ing for the night near Brentwood. During the
night a very heavy rain fell, making the cross
roads almost impassable. On the 27th we retraced
our steps back through Brentwood and crossed
over to the Nolinsville pike and encamped for the
night; 28th, remained in camp, it being Sunday
there was no advance of the army. The 29th,
Walker's Brigade marched on a cross-road from
the Xolinsville pike to the Murfreesboro pike.
We marched all night, it being very dark, and the
road being extremely muddy much of the time
through the woods. While it was thought to be
next to impossible for the artillery and wagons to
get through, we succeeded in reaching Stewarts-
boro sometime during the forenoon of the 30th.
Soon after reaching the Murfreesboro pike a mes
senger came into our brigade and notified Colonel
Walker that the rebel cavalry had captured Gen
eral McCook's supply train, which was parked at
32 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
La Vergne. Colonel Walker took the Seventeenth,
Thirty-first and Thirty-eighth Ohio, with one sec
tion of Church's Battery, and started for La Vergne
to assist in regaining as much of the train and
guards as possible. The Eighty-second was left
in charge of the camp and guard for the four pieces
of artillery left in camp. On Colonel Walker's ar
rival at the scene of trouble he disposed of his
command in such good shape as to recapture eight
hundred of the train guard, all the teams and a few
wagons that were not burned, and gave the Jonnies
a good sound drubbing. About sunset Colonel
Walker returned with his command and ordered
Colonel Hunter, with the Eighty-second Indiana,
to proceed to Nashville and bring out all trains
ordered to the front. We marched all night,
reaching Nashville about daylight on the morning
of the 31st; halted, stacked arms, prepared break
fast and ate as quick as possible, and moved the
train on the road, numbering about three hundred
wagons. Colonel Hunter divided his regiment into
companies, distributing the companies along at
intervals among the train, with orders to hold their
part of it at all hazards. We moved off at a lively
rate for Murfreesboro, knowing the rations were
badly needed. We could see straggling scouts of
cavalry on our flanks all day long, but met with
no resistance from the enemy. While we were not
bothered by the enemy, we all felt a great respon-
sibilitj^ resting on the regiment for the safety of
the train, as well as the safety of ourselves. We
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 33
started for Xashville late in the evening, night
soon overtaking us, knowing a large body of rebel
troops were in the rear of our army to do all the
harm possible. I have often thought this occur
rence over, and must say I always thought it an
undertaking of great peril and responsibility, and
consider it the merest chance of good luck that we
finished the job without a heavy loss of men. I
never for a moment doubted our ability to return
with the train, without we were attacked by a su
perior force of the enemy. On our arrival in the
neighborhood of the army, we met the worst stam
pede I ever witnessed in the army. On the road,
in the fields on either side of the road, came teams
with drivers and without drivers ; horses with and
without riders ; men with and without guns. The
Eighty-second being the only organized body of
troops in sight, and unable to see what was caus
ing this stampede, I shuddered for fear the sight
would unnerve the regiment and it would become
a part of the demoralized body. Colonel Hunter
immediately threw the regiment across the road
in line of battle, ordered them to fix bayonets and
stop the stampede, if they had to fire into them to
succeed. This order put the regiment on its nerve
and they obeyed the order to fix bayonets with a
will. This movement appeared to have great
effect; men who had guns formed in line on either
flank of the regiment, and things became quiet in
a few moments. The first team stopped in our
34 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
front had Colonel Hull, of the Thirty-seventh In
diana, in an ambulance, going to the rear, wounded,
under the care of Chaplain Lozier. We inquired
of the chaplain what was the cause of this trouble ;
he pointed to his left and said there was a heavy
cavalry fight going on, and thought our forces
were getting the worst of it. On looking to our
rear we discovered a body of troops forming. Col
onel Hunter ordered me to go back and ascertain
whether they were friend or foe ; if friends, to no
tify them what was in our front, and request them
to move up and join us. I rode back and found
General [Starkweather's brigade, and notified the
general what was in his front, and he moved his
command up and joined Colonel Hunter. They
talked awhile, and everything appearing quiet,
Starkweather moved on and left us. After park
ing our train wre moved toward where we heard
heavy firing of small arms. On raising a hill we
were saluted with a shell which struck in front of
our line, tearing up the ground pretty lively,
but doing no harm. Colonel Hunter ordered
the- regiment back of the brow of the hill
out of danger, and the officers watched the
fight between ours and the enemy's cavalry.
They were using their carbines pretty lively stand
ing in line of battle. Soon our men ceased firing,
and with one flash their sabers wrere drawn, and
a most gallant charge was made, and the rebs took
to the woods and left. We didn't know where to
find our brigade, and the men being tired, hungry
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 35
and sleepy, we moved to a piece of woods along
the pike, stacked arms and got our suppers. After
supper Colonel Hunter ordered the men to sleep
until he found out where we were needed. About
midnight one of the Eighty-second, who was on
staff duty, was sent back to see if we had returned
from our trip to Nashville. Finding the men rest
ing in peaceful slumber he reported to Colonel
Walker, and a short time before daylight we re
ceived orders to move up and take position on the
front line. We took position on the morning of
the 1st day of January, 1863. Sometime during
the afternoon of this day rain set in and continued
all night and a good part of the 2d. Awhile be
fore night the rain ceased with appearance of clear
weather. My brother and I cleaned off a large
stone and built a fire on it to dry and warm it for
a bed. After awhile we removed the fire to one
side, let the rock cool to some extent, swept it off
and made our bed, imagining what a fine night we
would pass if the Johnnies let us alone. We soon
turned in and passed into the happy state of for-
getfulness (slumber). This happy state didn't last
long, however, as a most terrific rain storm struck
our pickets (I mean our blankets), forced its way
through and captured us both. I didn't remain a
quiet prisoner very long, but soon came to my feet
and preached a very interesting sermon, not much
after our chaplain's style, but after the style of my
feelings ; stood up the balance of the night, feel
ing that if it was such a great honor to die for one's
36 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
country would like for the Johnnies to open the
ball and let me out of my trouble. The next
morning my boot tops were burned so badly they
dropped to pieces. But what need a fellow care
about his boots. The rain over, the rebs were
hunting up the boys and playing them such sweet
music, that sleeping or fine boots didn't figure a
cent's worth. Shells and bundles of iron rods drop
ped in our camp, causing more wonder than fun.
Along in the afternoon our brigade was ordered
over the works, and moved to the front some two
hundred yards, coming to an open field. The
rebels were massing their troops in this open field
to try our lines. The brigade was formed as fol
lows : Seventeenth Ohio on the right and Thirty-
first Ohio on the left of front line, Eighty-second
Indiana on the right and Thirty-eighth Ohio on
the left of second line, and the Fourth Michigan
Battery on both flanks. The two lines were
massed, the front firing and laying down to load,
then rear line firing and laying down to load.
We got two volleys from each line and some good
work from the six guns in our battery at short
range, when the Johnnies broke in great confu
sion and never came back to see us again. The
battle was raging to our left across Stone Eiver,
which proved too much for Bragg and his rebel
horde, as they moved out that night and left the
dead and wounded to our care. The 4th was
spent in burying the dead and caring for the
wounded of both armies. On the fifth we moved
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 37
through Murfreesboro and went into camp. Dur
ing this battle the Eighty-second had only five
men wounded. Although we were on the field
from the evening of the 31st of December to the
4th of January, and performed all duties assigned
us, having a position on the front line all the time
except the night of the 31st, it was our good luck
to not be called on for hot work. Notwithstand
ing our army was victorious, yet I must say, after
the battle of Stone Elver was the darkest day I
ever saw during my four years' service. Many
officers delivered their disloyal sentiments and
were dismissed from the service dishonorably
therefor. My experience was that many men
were in the service that had no love for the cause*
Let them be extremely tired, wet, cold or hungry,
they would commence damning the government,
and saying if they were out of the service nothing
could induce them to enter it again. Yet every
man expects to be looked upon as loyal now, let
him act as he will, if he was in the army.
We remained in camp back of Murfreesboro
better than three months. During our stay here
the regiment became very low in numbers. The
extreme exposure during the campaign had caused
much sickness. On one occasion Company I had
reported six men for duty on their morning report.
During that day I received an order from brigade
headquarters for a detail of men. Agreeable to
the morning reports of the different companies
the number from Company I would be three men.
38 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
I made the order for detail and sent to each com
pany to report their men at a certain time. Going
to the place of formation at the time set, ihe Or
derlies of each company came with their men to
report for duty, except Company I. Sergeant Ka-
per (better known as " Uncle Andy," he being 65
years of age when enlisted) came up and stepped
on line with those that preceded him. I said to
him: "Uncle Andy, where's your men?" He
gave the salute, and said: "Here's all of Com
pany I," and asked to be put on duty. I told him
to go back to his quarters as I couldn't use him,
he being the acting Orderly of the company. He
said he hated to be the only man in the company
for duty, and thinking they might pull through
without a detail had reported six men for duty,
but wouldn't do so any more, as he saw it caused
me some trouble and delay, as I had to order three
men from other companies and wait for the Or
derlies to go back and bring their part of the de
tail. " Uncle Andy " was a true patriot, a good
soldier and a Christian gentleman. He was so
anxious to serve his country that he gave a barber
in Madison, Indiana, live dollars to shave him and
cut his hair and black it (his hair being snow white),
in order to pass him into the service. He passed
for 44 years of age. He was a sto.ut-built, florid-
complexioned man. Although he was 65 years
of age when entering the service, he served his
country honestly and faithfully for two years and
ten months, without losing a day except when
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 39
wounded. He received a mirmie ball through one
of his thighs at the battle of Chickamauga, but
returned to duty in due time. "Uncle Andy"
passed beyond the river of death some three years
ago, being about 93 years of age. May the choicest
blessings of heaven rest upon him as a just reward
is my heartfelt wish.
On the 10th day of April, 1863, the Third Di
vision, to which the Eighty- second belonged, moved
to Triune, Tennessee, this being a point of great
interest, being on the pike leading to JNashville,
and midway between there and Murfreesboro.
We were kept very vigilant. Heavy picketing was
necessary. Scouting parties made daily excursions
down in the neighborhood of the rebel outposts,
to see what they were doing. Foraging parties
went out as long as there was anything to get
within a reasonable distance. From 3 o'clock to
daylight every regiment stood to arms so as to
meet the enemy promptly should they attempt an
early attack. We had a nice drill ground and were
kept at it daily, unless on other duty to prevent.
Our whole division were well versed in all the
movements necessary to make a good fight, and
when the time came for fighting we proved our
selves equal to any command in the army, by either
regiment, brigade or division. While encamped
here two men from Company H got into trouble,
one Hiram Reynolds (commonly called "Gunboat")
and Washington Mosier, Reynolds shooting and
40 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY SECOND
killing Mosier. Reynolds was tried by court-
martial and condemned to death by banging, which
took place at Nashville on the 12th day of August,
1863. Such incidents are caused by passion and
whisky. During our stay in this camp we had
several changes in our division commanders, Gen
erals Fry, Steadman, Schofield and Brannan.
Brannan commanded our division until the reor
ganization of the army at Chattanooga. While
here my brother-in-law, F. G. Taylor, contracted
to furnish three days' rations of light bread each
week while laying in camp, to the Third Division
of the Fourteenth Army Corps. I was sent to
Nashville in charge of three teams to bring his
things to camp. The next day after going to
Nashville some rebels, dressed in our uniforms,
captured and burned a small train of wagons on
the pike between Triune and Nashville. On ac
count of having no guards for our train we were
held over one day for the First East Tennessee
Cavalry to report as guards. The hour for start
ing next morning was set. I reported ahead of
time, but found the train had been gone more than
an hour. I was mounted, but there were eight
men on foot, Taylor, four bakers, two assistants,
and one member of the Eighty-second, who was
reporting back for duty from hospital. We came
to the place where our train had been burned two
days before. I told those who were walking if any
men dressed in our uniform come in on the road
they must look out for themselves and I would do
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 41
likewise. We hadn't passed the burned wagons
more than a quarter of a mile when we saw six
men dressed in blue come on the pike in our rear.
Casting off all the traps I was carrying for the
footmen I bade them good-bye, and away Dobin
and I went, keeping an eye to the rear to see how
things were going. Increasing my speed the horse
men in the rear did likewise. There was a grad
ual ascent for about two miles, which gave me a
good view of all maneuvers in my rear. Two of
the horsemen checked when they came on the foot
men, which led me to believe the party was cap
tured. The other four kept on after me. I made
the top of the hill and commenced the descent,
which soon threw my pursuers out of sight. Keep
ing up my speed the pursuers soon raised the
top of the hill, only three being in sight. This
began looking better. Soon only two were to be
seen. This wasn't so bad. Directly only one was
in sight, but gaining on me. My horse was good
bottom, but not as fleet as the one after me. I
looked ahead, but no train in sight. My pursuer
never attempted to shoot or draw his saber. He
was getting close on me. Having my revolver in
hand ready to pull trigger, taking my reins well
in hand, letting him get within about two rods of
me, I wheeled my horse to the right and covered
my man with the revolver and demanded his sur
render. He commenced trying to tell about the
men in the rear. Stopping his music I told him
to take the road in front of me and not change his
(4)
42 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND.
speed or attempt to leave the ro id, or he would be
killed. We kept up a lively gait for about three
miles and run onto the train. He said, " There's
my captain." I asked the captain if this was one
of his men. Pie said yes. I turned my prisoner
over and took a good breath. I got the train
stopped, and Colonel Browlowe furnished me
horses sufficient to bring up the eight footmen, and
loading them on the train, continued our journey
to camp, getting in before night. The chase was
just as exciting as if the men after me had been
rebels, but am free to acknowledge that I was glad
they were wearing their true colors. Had two
come on me at once I should have shot without
asking any questions, as it was a common occur
rence for the rebels to capture our men by being
dressed in our uniform.
Triune was a very healthy place, the ground
being rather rolling, our camps were dry; plenty
of good spring water, with plenty of grub; fine
weather, with plenty of good exercise, the men
were the very picture of health ; and when the
order came for a forward movement on Tullahoma,
every man appeared to be ready and determined
that no equal body of rebels need face them with
the expectation of holding their own. And his
tory will bear me out in saying they went wher
ever they were ordered without any trouble, even
against heavy odds.
CHAPTER IV.
TULLAHOMA CAMPAIGN.
Having been laying around camp doing picket
•duty, drilling, guarding forage trains, building
works of defense, standing to arms of mornings
two hours or more before daylight, etc., for more
than five months, the army was becoming impa
tient waiting for a forward movement. Finally,
on the 23d day of June, 1863, the order for a for
ward move reached the men composing the Third
Division of the Fourteenth Army Corps, of which
the Eighty-second Indiana formed a part. Bragg' s
army was holding a strong fortified position north
of Duck River, extending from Shelbyville to
"Wartrace, his cavalry holding McMinnville on the
right, Spring Hill and Columbia on the left, with
detachments at Guys, Hoovers, Liberty and Bell-
buckle Gaps. Thomas', McCook's and Critten-
den's Corps were concentrated on the rebel's right,
with Granger's Corps and most of our cavalry
making a feint on the rebel left. The enemy's
position was a strong one for defense, and ex
tremely favorable for a retreat. The hills in his
front being very rough, the depressions being the
only place for roads, Rosecrans' aim being to turn
44 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
Bragg's right and force him to give battle on
ground of his own selection, or if he retreated it
would be over a disadvantageous line. The move
ment from Triune was to lead the enemy to believe
he intended a direct attack on their front at Shel-
byville. Our cavalry struck the enemy's cavalry
and drove it back on the infantry, skirmishing
heavily at Eaglesville, Rover and Qnionville. Our
cavalry and infantry demonstrated on the enemy's
left, and went as far as Woodbury to induce the
enemy to believe it was merely a feint to divert
their attention from a direct attack on Shelbyville.
By direction of Major General Granger, command
ing reserve corps, our division advanced from
Triune at 9 A. M., on Tuesday, June 23, 1863, by
the Nolinsville pike, to within one mile of Har-
peth River, thence across to the Manchester pike,,
by way of "Win slew's Camp Ground, arriving at
Salem at 6 p. M., and encamped for the night. At
7 A. M., Wednesday, June 24, we advanced from
Salem to Christiana, and relieved General Sheri
dan's Division, of the Twentieth Army Corps, and
remained at Christiana until relieved in turn by
General Baird's Division of the reserve corps,
when we advanced two miles in the direction of
Millersburg, encamped for the night on Ross farm
at Henry's Creek. At Christiana the enemy kept
up a brisk skirmish with our advance, bringing
up a six-pounder gun to bear on us, without doing
any harm. On Thursday, June 25, we were re
lieved from duty with the reserve corps and
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 45
ordered to report to General Thomas. We, how
ever, remained at Ross farm, at the request of
General McCook, in command on our left, until 11
A. M., when we moved forward to Hoover's Mill
and encamped for the night. During the 24th and
25th it rained incessantly, rendering the roads over
which we were frequently obliged to travel ex
ceedingly difficult for the passage of artillery and
wagons, and not exceedingly good for the army of
footmen. We, however, got through, train and
all, in very good shape. On Friday, June 26,
we reported to Major General Rousseau, agreea
ble to orders, and with his division effected the
passage of Hoover's Gap, and encamped for the
night on the south side of Scott's branch of Gar
rison Creek. I copy from General Brannan's re
port : " Colonel, I have the honor to report in
accordance with instructions from Corps Head
quarters. I reported at 8 A. M., Tuesday, June 26,
1863, to Major-General Rousseau on the Man
chester pike. By his direction I moved my divis
ion to the right of the pike, with a view to turn
the flank of the rebel position on the heights
north of Garrison Creek. Having succeeded in
forming line under a pretty brisk fire of musketry,
1 advanced the First Brigade, Col. M. B. Walker
commanding, on the right, while the Second, Brig
adier-General J. B. Steadman, and the Third, Col.
F. Vanderveer, supported the advance of the First
Division on the center and left. After a deter
mined but ineffectual resistance on the part of the
46 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
rebels we gained the first position on the com
manding heights south of Garrison Creek. Having
established batteries on the position lately taken
from the enemy, the Second Brigade of my divis
ion, supported by a portion of the First Divison,
was thrown forward, and again succeeded in dis
lodging the enemy from their position. The en
emy then attempted to enfilade us from the high
ground on our right, but in this were effectually
prevented by the gallant and determined manner
in which they were attacked and driven back by
Colonel Walker's Brigade. The conduct of the
troops was everything that could be wished. In
accordance with orders from General Rousseau I
encamped on Scott's branch of Garrison Creek."
The Eighty-second Indiana, under command of
Colonel Morton C. Hunter, supported by the Sev
enteenth Ohio, charged the battery in our front,
and drove it and the regiment in support from the
hill on which they had taken position, in great
confusion. Although the Eighty-second was in
the advance the Seventeenth Ohio lost the most
men in this charge, the enemy overshooting us
and the Seventeenth getting the effect of the greater
part of the leaden hail. The charge was made
through an open field covered with weeds higher
than the men's heads. The rain poured in tor
rents all the time. On Saturday, June 27, we
advanced to Manchester via Fairfield (striking the
Manchester pike at Powell's farm) ; encamped
there for the night. On the 28th of June, 12 M.>
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 47
left Manchester and proceeded to Crumpton's
Creek and encamped for the night. The beating
of drums could be heard in our front, and cars
running at Tullahoma. Our advance skirmished
with the enemy's pickets until after nightfall. On
June 29 a part of our division advanced and
met with much resistance from the enemy. Hav
ing no support on the right our division halted.
Two regiments were thrown to the front on the
Winchester road as a protection, but were with
drawn on the arrival of General Reynold's Divis
ion at Bobo's cross-roads. On July 1 our divis
ion was pushed forward vigorously to feel the
enemy, advancing on the main road to Tullahoma
to within one mile of the town. Finding the
works evacuated we pushed on lively, entering the
town close on the retreat of the enemy. The rebel
works were extensive and well constructed, effect
ually covering the road on which we advanced.
The enemy must have left in great haste, as we
found three large guns and considerable stores,
which had been tired by the enemy and was still
burning.
On July 2 ours and the Fourth Division joined
at Spring Creek and followed the enemy to the
Winchester road crossing of Elk River. The
bridge having been burned by the rebels and the
river not being fordable, the First, Third arid
Fourth Divisions of the Fourteenth Corps were
moved up the river to Jones' Ford, one brigade be
ing thrown across, the balance going into camp on
48 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
the north side. This being a deep ford it was
with much difficulty the troops were crossed, dam
aging much amunition, the water getting into the
cartridge boxes. The current was so swift the men
could not stand up without some support. The
first attempt to form a crossing was to drive the
ambulances into the stream as a guard against the
men being washed down and drowned. The first
one that struck the center of the river was turned
over and both mules drowned; a second one tried
it with the same result. Then ropes were stretched
across from bank to bank and securely fastened,
and the men kept hold on the rope with one hand
as they waded across. Several men were washed
down and drowned. On the 4th of July our di
vision moved to Tates, on the Decherd, Winches
ter & McMinnville Road, and halted at 2 p M. The
guns needing cleaning, and it being the 4th, the
officers were ordered to have their regiments fire
off their guns and clean them up. Colonel Hunter
was exceedingly anxious to have his regiment fire
the finest volley of any in the brigade. He marched
his command out and fronted them, then rode
along the line giving orders as to the volley. Hav
ing everything understood, he came to his position
and gave the command, " Ready, aim," — about
that time some one in Company B (I expect Balser
Kirsch) fired his gun ; then it went pop, pop, bang,
all along the line, every fellow fearing he would
be behind. I think the colonel was the maddest
man in Tennessee for awhile, and putting the
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 49
rowels to old Duke he rode into camp on a regular
cavalry charge to the rear. This was as good as I
could ask. Xot having any fears of his arresting
his boy brother, I twitted him all evening about
what a fine volley his regiment had gotten off.
After getting him to laughing he appeared to en
joy it so well I concluded to let him alone. On
July 5 we moved near Winchester and went into
camp, where we remained until August 16, 1863,
when we started on the Chattanooga campaign.
During the nine days occupied in taking Tullahoraa
it rained every day but one, yet the men, regard
less of rank, did their work cheerfully, faithfully,
and with patriotism and zeal. Some commands
did more fighting than others, their losses being
greater, yet I feel every man in the whole com
mand is entitled to as much praise as though he
had fought the enemy from the time he started
until the point for which we started was captured.
They all did just as ordered, and if the enemy in
their front didn't stand to fight, of course all they
could do was to follow up. There wasn't a case
of any command failing to fight when the enemy
stood for battle; nor was there a case of failure to
drive the enemy when he did stand and show fight.
While this was a short campaign, yet it was bril
liant, and bore its share of hardships, owing to the
vast amount of rain. We moved on an enemy
equal in numbers and in a position of his own
selection, the position being naturally strong. The
passes through the mountains being such strong
50 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
military positions of nature it took but few men
of nerve to guard them against a whole army, from
the fact that but few could be brought to bear on
the point of entrance at one time. From all ap
pearances nature or human skill, or both combined,
was unable to produce a place that the Army of
the Cumberland could be checked, when it had
orders to go beyond and view the landscape. Our
division lost — enlisted men killed, 6 ; wounded, 62 ;
captured, 1 ; officers wounded, 1. Total, 70. Our
brigade had enlisted men killed, 6; wounded, 41.
Total, 47. While our brigade lost near three-
fourths of the whole division, it don't go to prove
we did our duty any better than the other bri
gades. I am unable, in fact indisposed, to call
forth the brave and noble deeds of the Eighty-
second Indiana on former occasions, and hold them
up as superior to any other regiment in the United
States Army, in writing the history of their acts
on this campaign. As did the historian of the
gallant Sixth, I claim they always did their duty
every time called on, and believe the Sixth did
the same, and know the members of the Sixth
(outside of the historian) don't claim they put
down the rebellion. It is a conceded fact, recog
nized by all true soldiers, that where " my regi
ment" and big " I" done everything, that the " I"
part was generally where the bullets were thickest,
" back with the ammunition train." The return
of the Union Army to South Tennessee and North
Alabama was as unexpected to the people as its
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 51
previous appearance the year before. The farmers
had been induced to repair their farms and put in
crops, under the assurance of the rebel authorities
that there was no possible chance for the Union
troops to ever give them any more bother. They
ascertained to a moral certainty that war was very
uncertain. When the brightest rays of prospective
victory were apparently breaking forth, the dark
clouds of adversity were gathering in the North,
and swept on them and bursted in all their fury,
bringing death and ruin to everything in their
front. Their crops were consumed by both armies.
The desolation wrought by the worn war path was
most distressing, leaving the whole country in a very
dilapidated condition. The country surrounding
Tullahoma is low, wet, and extremely poor ; a very
unpromising country for farming when at its best.
Then of course its appearance must have been very
deplorable after two armies had maneuvered over
it for days, during extreme rain fall, with artillery,
heavy trains and cavalry, saying nothing about the
infantry columns which worked up the roads and
fields until they bore more the appearance of vats
for brick-yards than for farming purposes. But
such is war. Our army was enduring all this ex
posure, and helping to devastate the country, to
save it for the army of rebels who were striving so
hard to destroy it. The people have finally de
cided we were wrong in keeping the country un
divided, and suppose the next effort will meet with
no opposition.
HENRY DAVIS.
CHAPTER Y.
CHICKAMAUGA CAMPAIGN.
On the 16th day of August 1863, the Eighty-
second Indiana, in connection with the Army of
the Cumberland, broke camp near Winchester,
Tennessee, on the campaign for Chattanooga,
Tennessee. Shortly after we broke camp the
severest thunder storms I ever witnessed broke on
us. The clouds rolling on the ground, the most
terriffic peals of thunder with such vivid flashes
of lightning in every direction. This lasted for
about one hour. Colonel Hunter, fearing the in
jury of his men by lightning, caused them to fix
bayonets, refuse their guns, stick the bayonets in
the ground and remove some distance from their
arms and await the action of the storm. The
storm was so severe it was next to impossible to
move the Army. A general halt was ordered.
After the storm passed over the sun came out in
all its beauty, and we commenced to march. We
moved on the Pelham road, via Dechard, encamp
ing for the night about four miles from Dechard.
On the 17th we again broke camp for the forward
move, but were unable to proceed very far on ac
count of the Fourth Division of the Fourteenth
54 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SFCOND
Corps obstructing the road. We encamped for
the night. On the 18th we ascended the Cumber
land Mountains, and encamped near " University
Place." On the 19th we commenced the descent
toward " Sweden's Cove." Arriving at the head
of the cove, we encamped for the night. We re
mained in camp until the morning of the 22d,
when we again marched to Battle Creek on the
Tennessee River. The enemy's pickets were on
the opposite side of the river, but disappeared on
our arrival. The Eighty-second Indiana and
Fourth Kentucky were sent to Bridgeport
to build a bridge across the Tennessee River.
After completing the bridge we returned to Battle
Creek on the 31st, when we crossed the river.
Our division had to make the crossing on tempor
ary rafts, hastily constructed for the occasion,
made from such material as we could lind. We
had to partly unload our wagons, which made our
progress very slow and tedious. We completed
the crossing on the evening of the 2d day of Sep
tember. On the 3d we marched to Graham's
Station, encamping for the night. We remained
in camp most of the 4th, awaiting the division
supply train to reach us from Bridgeport, as it
was impossible to move without rations for the
men and teams. On the evening of the 4th, the
train having reached us, we proceeded through
Hog Jaw Valley to Raccoon Mountain, ascend
ing the mountain by Gordon's Mines, encamping
for the night. On the 5th by 2 o'clock A. M. the
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 55
whole division with artillery and trains were on
top of the mountain. The ascent of the mountain
at this point was very steep and exceedingly dan
gerous, yet we had exceedingly good luck, losing
only two wagons. The infantry were of the
greatest assistance ; by their untiring energy and
faithfulness, the safety of the artillery and trains
is accounted for. We remained in camp on the
mountain until the morning of the 7th, when we
advanced to Trenton. Remaining in camp at Tren
ton until the 10th, we then advanced to Easley's.
On the llth, at daybreak, the Eighty-second, with
the balance of the division, moved without bag
gage, with orders to cross Lookout Mountain
without delay to support General ISTegley's divis
ion, which was in a very dangerous position in
McLemore's Cove When we arrived at the foot
of the mountain we found it impossible to proceed
further on account of the road being in posession
of General Reynolds baggage train and other
troops. In the evening at 6 o'clock we received
orders to move and reach McLemore's Cove by
daylight of the 12th. We were unable to move
until 12:30 A. M. the 1 th. We commenced the
ascent of the mountain and succeeded in getting
one brigade up by daylight ; the other two bri
gades followed and succeeded in getting into the
cove by 11 A. M , with, however, only one battery.
On the evening of the 13th our whole division,
and one brigade of General Baird's division, made
a reconnaissance meeting with no resistance
56 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
except cavalry scouts. We advanced two miles
beyond Davis cross roads. We remained in camp
on the 14th awaiting the. developments of General
McCook's movements with the Twentieth Corps.
On the 15th my brigade advanced to Chickamauga
Creek, east of Lee's Mill and went into camp.
We remained in position the 16th. On the 17th
we moved and covered four fords, between Gow-
ers Ford and Pond Spring. On the 18th our
whole corps moved to the left along Chickamauga
Creek to Craw-fish Spring. During the evening
we received orders to move on a cross road lead
ing by the Widow Glenn's house, to the Chatta
nooga and LaFayette road. We inarched all
night and reached Kelley's Farm about daylight
on the morning of the 19th. Our night march
was extremely tiring, the roads being narrow and
packed with troops. Only for the fences along a
part of our journey, it would have been extremely
dark. The men fired the fences wherever they
came to them, making it light and warm.
While the four divisions of the Fourteenth
Corps moved on different roads at times, the aim
was to keep them in supporting distance of each
other. General Negley, being in the advance,
reached McLemore's Cove and found the enemy
making every preparation to destroy his com
mand, together with his train. General Baird ar
rived to his assistance, and by good generalship
on their part and extreme bad generalship on the
part of the enemy, they saved their commands
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 57
and trains. This movement on General Xegley
would have proved a success had it been pushed
with vigor. But Xegley's boldness of advancing
led the enemy to believe there was a large force
advancing, and caused them to defer the attack
until the whole of the Fourteenth Corps was in
position, then they deemed it unsafe to make the
attack. Crittenden's Corps being out of support
ing distance by the rest of the army, Bragg or
dered an attack made 011 him. While Crittenden
was not aware of the danger of his command, he
made movements of his troops as though he was
able to compete with anything in his front. Again
the lack of generalship on the part of the Confed
erates saved Crittenden's troops from defeat. By
the 7th of September the movements of the army
had placed it along the western base of Lookout
Mountain, about six miles from Chattanooga to
Galley Head, thirty-six miles distant. In order to
threaten the enemy's line of communication it was
necessary to pass through the gaps of Lookout
Mountain south of Chattanooga. General Bose-
crans received information that Bragg was evacu
ating Chattanooga, and ordered McCook, with the
Twentieth Corps, to move rapidly on Alpine and
Summerville, Georgia, to intercept his retreat and
attack him on flank. Bragg estimated Rosecrans'
force at seventy thousand and Burnside's at t\ven-
ty-five thousand men, and fearing a conjunction of
the two armies in his rear, fell back from Chatta
nooga to prevent being cooped up in there and his
(5)
58 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
base of supplies destroyed. He was expecting re
inforcements from Virginia, Mississippi, and Buck-
ner's troops from near Knoxville, Tennessee, and
calculated to catch Rosecrans' command in detail
and destroy them. He placed his army between
Lee's and Gordon's Mills and LaFayette. He soon
seen his rapid retreat from Chattanooga misled
lioseerans, and attempted to get in his flank and
rear, thus dividing the flanks of his army thirty-
six miles, and placing them in such a position that
to combine them they had to make a detour, in
creasing the distance to near fifty miles over a
rough country. General Rosecrans discovered
Bragg had received re- enforcements, and more
were coming, and his only hopes of preventing
total defeat was the speedy concentration of his
army. At midnight of the IHth General McCook
received orders to move to General Thomas' sup
port. He moved with all haste, and on the 17th
he had his command in McLemore's Cove, in sup
porting distance of the Fourteenth Corps. Dur
ing this time General Crittenden kept up appear
ances of an advance, keeping in supporting distance
of the Fourteenth Corps. .Now that the army was
in supporting shape, how was it to be put into po
sition to hold Chattanooga ? The force of rebels
already present outnumbered our forces several
thousand, and some ten or fifteen thousand being-
near at hand. Their base of supplies being with
them, while ours was fifty miles in the rear, with
rough country to contend with. Had the rebel
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 59
army been in charge of a general the utter de
feat of the Union army could have hardly escaped
execution. Bragg was showing great activity on
his left to cover the massing of his right. The
re-enforcements coming from Virginia, passing
through Dalton, revealed his intention. The night
of the 17th Bragg laid his plan of attack. His
army comprised five corps, Hood's, Walker's,
Buckner's, Folk's and Hill's. Hood was to cross
the Chickamauga at Reed's Bridge, and sweep up
toward Lee and Gordon's Mills to reach Rosecrans'
flank and rear, Walker to cross Alexander's Bridge
and join Hood, and Buckner was to cross at Led-
ford's Ford, and press on Wood's position in front
of Folk's Corps, while the latter was to demon
strate on the line of direct approach, and if not
met by too much resistance to cross and attack
any force he might meet. Hill's duty was to
cover the left flank of the army, and in event of
the movement of the Union Army to Wood's
position, he was to attack its left flank.* Had
these orders been executed as intended they would
have been on Rosecrans' left and rear, and gained
possession of all the roads east of the Chicka
mauga Valley. Rosecrans was not prepared to
defeat it. From causes unknown he wTas detained,
giving Rosecrans time to form his command be
tween Bragg and Chattanooga. On the night of
the 18th Bragg was not ready for action, but was
* His plan given in his official report.
60 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
better prepared than Hosecrans, as his movements
were on shorter lines. Eosecrans was compelled
to make a night march on the 18th, which put five
divisions in front of the enemy, with others in
motion. General Thomas ordered Brannon's divis
ion to make a demonstration toward the Chicka-
mauga to capture a brigade of the enemy on the
west side. This movement opened up the battle
of the 19th, and disturbed Bragg's plans of attack
and led him to believe it was an attack to turn his
right flank. Soon the battle became fierce, lasting
through the day, inflicting heavy loss on both
armies. It appears that while the two armies had
been in close proximity for days there was no-
general engagement.
At request of General Morton C. Hunter, I have
permitted him to give the history of the battle of
Chickamauga, as far as the Eighty-second was
concerned, he being its Colonel in command during
the two days' battle.
BATTLE OF CHICKAMAUGA.
THE PART TAKEN BY THE EIGHTY-SECOND INDIANA-AD
DRESS DELIVERED BY GENERAL MORTON C. HUNTER AT
COLUMBUS, IND , OCTOBER 7, 1887.
Fellow- Comrades, Ladies and Gentlemen :
On the morning of the 19th of September, 1863,.
about 8 o'clock, Brannon's Division, to which the
Eighty- second Indiana belonged, opened the bat
tle of Chickamauga.
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 61
We had marched all the night previous, as also
had the Confederate Army, each intent on getting
to Chattanooga first ; but the roads came together
near Chickamauga River, about twelve miles from
•Chattanooga. The river lay between the two
armies, but most of the enemy had crossed, and
the two armies met face to face. Brannon's
Division was in the advance. It was reported to
Thomas that a brigade of the enemy had been
intercepted by Dan McCook's cavalry force and
cut off from its main command, by the burning of
a bridge where they had attempted to cross the
Chickamauga River, and Brannon's Division was
sent to capture it. He made the following dispo
sition of his division ; General Crockston's Brigade
moved on the right and General Vandaver's Bri
gade on the left, and our brigade, commanded by
Colonel Connell, with the Fourth Michigan Battery
moved in the center. There were but three regi
ments in our brigade during the whole fight, to
wit: The Seventeenth and Thirty -first Ohio and
the Eighty-second Indiana, the Thirty-eighth Ohio
having been sent to guard the train to Chatta
nooga. We had not gone far until Vandaver's
Brigade encountered a division of the enemy, said
to be commanded by General Walker, and Crock
ston's Brigade encountered Forrest's Cavalry and
drove it back till it became engaged with infantry.
The enemy that we had thus attacked greatly out
numbered Brannon's forces ; he sent to Thomas
62 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
for reinforcements but could get none. Our bri
gade was soon divided. The Seventeenth Ohio
was sent to Van Devene and the Thirty-first Ohio
was sent to the right to the support of General
Crockston's Brigade and the Eighty-second Indiana
with the Fourth Michigan Battery were left to the
support of General Vandaver's Brigade. We had
gone but a short distance till we were halted on the
brow of a hill, where we could distinctly see the
fighting. Vandaver's Brigade was hard pressed,
but the regular brigade which belonged to General
Baird's had given away and was coming back, and
the enemy after them. Captain Church, of the
Fourth Michigan Battery, had six guns which he
was ordered to put in position, each of which he
double-shotted. The Eighty-second Indiana was
placed on the right of the battery to support it,
and the men were ordered to lie down so that they
would not be seen by the enemy, and were ordered
not to fire till the regular brigade had passed over
them. They lay down but a few moments until
the regular brigade had passed and the enemy
came up, pressing them with all their might.
When within fifty yards of us, the battery and the
Eighty-second Indiana opened fire and gave them
a volley. Then I ordered the Eighty-second In
diana to their feet and followed up the firing as
rapidly as possible, and the battery did the same,
which was so sudden and so deadly that it gave
them a check ; in an instant, almost, they were on
the retreat. When the regular brigade passed over
INDIANA VOLUNTEIR INFANTRY. 63
us they baited and gave us their support, and we
immediately cleared the enemy from our front.
Yandaver's Brigade, the Eighty-second Indiana,
and Fourth Michigan Battery, were then sent to
the right, to the support of Crockston's Brigade,
which was hard pressed. When the enemy saw
the re-enforcements coming, they, supposing that
they were much larger than they were, gave way
and left us masters of the field. By this time fight
ing had become general and we could hear it dis
tinctly for some distance to our right; but that
ended the lighting of our division on the first day.
The officers and men of the division acted gallantly
and were in good spirits, feeling that they had de
feated the enemy in their front, though the losses
were heavy on both sides.
We stayed on the field guarding our front till
near sundown, when General Baird took our place
and General Brannon received orders to march to
another position, which was some two miles to the
right. We arrived there about dark and camped
in an open field, in which there was a straw stack.
It was a very chilly evening; the men were with
out blankets, having left them where they had pre
pared to enter the battle in the morning, the
ground of which was now occupied by the enemy.
That night a very heavy frost fell, and being near
the enemy we could not build fires, in consequence
of which the men suffered very much during the
night, but the boys stood it without a murmur.
64 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
About 3 o'clock in the morning we marched out
a short distance, the frost cracking under our feet
like a young snow, and took position in the new
line of battle as formed; the Seventeenth and
Thirty-first Ohio occupied the first line and the
Eighty-second Indiana the second line, about sixty
yards in the rear. The main army which formed
the line of battle was divided into three parts, the
right, the left and the center. The right was com
manded by General McCook, and was composed of
three divisions, to wit : Jeff. C. Davis', Sheridan's
and Johnston's divisions. The left was com
manded by General Crittenden and wras composed
of three divisions, to wit: Van Clove's, Palmer's
and Wood's divisions. The center wras com
manded by General Thomas, and had four divisions,
to wit : Baird's, Negley's, Reynold's and Bran-
non's divisions, with General Granger's Division
in reserve.
The line of battle as formed was imperfect in this,
to wit : The right was not closed up against the
center, but left a gap of a quarter of a mile or more
between Thomas' and McCook's commands. Had
McCook been closed up against Thomas' command,
our line could never have been broken. Now the
Eighty-second Indiana was in Brannon's Division,
which was on the extreme right of Thomas' com
mand, where this open gap appeared, which made
it more difficult to defend. That was the position
of the army on the second day's battle. [The line
of battle given here.]
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 65
That morning the sky was clear, and when the
sun arose it looked as red as blood through the fog,
and was an omen to many as to what the day
would be. The light commenced on the left about
9 o'clock in the morning and grew more furious
each moment thereafter. Many supposed the at
tack on our left was a mere feint to draw our forces
from the right to oppose it, while the enemy
massed his troops in front of our line where this gap
of a quarter of a mile or more appeared. Be that as
it may, the enemy finding themselves unable to
break the line on the left, suddenly commenced an
attack in our front. About fifteen minutes before
the fighting commenced in our front, General
Wood moved a brigade of his to the left and in
line with us, but Rosecrans sent to him an order
to close to the left and support Reynolds, as the
fighting at that time had reached Reynolds, but
Wood did not know how to obey the order unless
he moved out of line and to the rear of Reynolds,
as Brannon was in line between him and Reynolds.
Woods' brigade stayed there but a few moments
when it moved out of line, and went to the left in
rear of Reynolds. It had been gone but a short
time when the enemy commenced a heavy attack
on us. The Seventeenth and Thirty-first Ohio
had made a breastwork of rails in their front.
When the enemy made the attack it was so furious
and angry that the Seventeenth and Thirty-first
Ohio, resisting with all their power, soon gave way,
and came back to the rear and passed over us. I
66 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
had the Eighty-second Indiana lying down. The
enemy were pressing the Seventeenth and Thirty -
iirst with all their power, when I ordered the
Eighty-second to tire, and to raise and charge
them, which they did. The fire proved so deadly,
and the shock was so great and unexpected to the
enemy that they gave way,' and we pressed them
until we regained the breastworks from which the
Seventeenth and Thirty-first Ohio had been driven.
In going this short distance of sixty yards I lost
ninety-two men, killed and wounded. On looking
to my left I saw the whole line had given way as
far as I could see. I expected that the Seven
teenth and Thirty-first Ohio, when they had passed
over my regiment, and saw that I had gone to the
front, would reorganize and come to our support.
When I reached the breastworks from which they
had been driven I looked around, and not a single
man in the Union army, outside of the Eighty-
second Indiana, was to be seen. My regiment was
left alone, and had to take care of itself. I did
not go any further than the breastworks, seeing I
had no support, and ceased firing, when the
enemy, about five minutes later, saw there was no
force following them, reorganized and came back.
When I saw them coming on our right and in
front of us I ordered Lieutenant-Colonel Davis, of
my regiment, to throw back the right of the
Eighty-second so that the enemy could not sur
round us. He did so, and then I ordered the regi
ment to fall back and wheel and fire about every
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 67
fifty yards, which kept the enemy in check.
While we were falling back. Captain McCallister,
of Company K, a brave officer, was killed, and our
flag-staff was shattered to pieces and the flag was
disconnected from the staff, when Colonel Davis
seized the flag and carried it with him.
We fell back about half a mile or more to the
top of a hill. While going up the hill we met
stragglers by the hundreds coming from Jeff. C.
Davis' command, saying that they were flanked.
I looked around and could see no one in command.
I tried to take command of them, and did stop
quite a number of the men from going to the rear,
and put them on the left of the Eighty-second Indi
ana, as the Eighty-second was an organized body.
When we reached the top of the hill I determined
to go no farther, and ordered the men to throw up
a breast-work of rails, a fence being there. While
superintending the breast-works, Captain Roop,
of my command, came to me and said Colonel
Davis wished to see me. He was to my right. I
immediately started and met him, and he then told
me he had ordered the men of the Eighty-second
to put anything in their front they could find. I
told him that was right, that I could see no place
of safety and I proposed to fight it out there.
While I had gone to see Colonel Davis, quite a
number I had stopped left, and the brunt of the
fighting fell on the Eighty-second. We had been
there but a few moments till the enemy pressed up
and made an attack, which we repulsed.
68 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
A short time afterwards they made a second at
tack, which was much more severe than the first,
which we again repulsed. In a few moments they
made a third attack with still greater severity,
which we again repulsed, we having advantage of
position.
In the meantime the firing being heavy, it at
tracted the attention of General Thomas, who
could not have been far distant, as he sent one of
his staff officers, whose name I have forgotten, but
" he rode a large black horse with white in his
face." He asked me " What troops were fighting
there? If the officer is living he will remember
this. I told him it was the Eighty-second Indiana
and some men I had stopped going to the rear and
put in line He asked me how long I supposed I
could hold the hill. I told him as long as our am
munition would last, and I asked him if he knew
where I could get a new supply. He made no re
ply, but rode away. In about fifteen minutes from
that time fourteen men came up, carrying fourteen
boxes of ammunition. Where they came from I
do not know unless this staff officer had sent them.
I immediately caused this ammunition to be dis
tributed to the men. When we had time we still
strengthened our works.
We had been on the hill, I should judge at least
one hour and a half, before I saw a living man, ex
cept General Walker, of the Thirty- first Ohio, who
is a brave and gallant officer, and Captain Byers,
adjutant of the Thirty-first Ohio, the enemy against
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 69
us, and the men in the Eighty-second Indiana and
those I had stopped and put in line. The first
troops I saw were the Ninth Ohio. They came
up and charged down the hill on the enemy. It
soon got too hot for them and they came back and
formed on our right and turned logs in their front.
A few moments later we saw troops coming up
and going into line on our right, until I supposed
we had about three thousand men in line, with the
order from Thomas " to hold the hill at all haz
ards."
This hill proved to be the key to the battle field,
for the enemy had to take it in order to get around
Thomas. While Brannon was coming up with his
troops and going into position, the enemy were
massing their forces in our front. About 1 o'clock
the enemy made the most determined and furious
attack upon us that I ever saw or heard of — charg
ing right up against our line, which we repulsed
with great slaughter to them and with equal de
termination. They made charge after charge and
the more we repulsed them, the more furious they
became, until the roar of battle and the surge of
the charge made the very earth tremble beneath
us ; everything was drowned by the rattle of mus
ketry and the tumult of the onslaught. I judged
from the way they fought us that they knew that
they had three or four times the number of men
we did, at least they kept up the lighting, never
ceasing for scarcely a moment for nearly four
hours. I did not know certainly what t- oops were
70 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
opposing us, but understood it was Longstreet's
command, which consisted of his corps and other
troops that were placed under him.
Sometime in the afternoon, about 3 o'clock,
when the fighting in our front was heavy as it
could be, General Steadman came up with a di
vision and went to the right of Brannon, in a ra
vine, and entered the tight with us. The hill butted
up against the ravine so that the enemy could not
get farther to the right. No artillery was used on
either side, at least I could hear none, but it was a
fight with the deadly musket, wielded with all the
skill and power of gallant soldiery. But wTe could
not be dislodged from our position, and stayed
there as though we were frozen to the hill.
Steadman, as well as we, on the hill, held his
ground and was never driven an inch. In our
front everything wras mowed smooth by bullets,
and the dead lay thicker than I ever saw them on
any other battle field. General Ward and Major
Stinchcom of the Seventeenth Ohio came up with
the last troops and acted nobly and gallantly.
General Ward fell pierced with a minnie-ball and
was carried from the field dangerously wounded.
The fighting, after some four hours, subsided a
little, but the enemy kept it up till dark ; then
everything quieted down. I supposed the enemy
was defeated, or, at least, was satisfied that they
could not whip us. We had shot away all the am
munition that we could get, and were determined
to hold the hill with the bayonet, which had
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 71
already been used by those who were out of am
munition. We had fought all day without food
or water, when an order came [at least I was told
so] that other troops would take our places, and
that we should go down the hill, on the opposite
side from the enemy, in the bottom and take sup
per. We moved by the left flank, which threw
the Eighty-second Indiana in advance. We
marched some distance, when we came to a road.
One of Thomas' staff officers was there. Gen
eral Brannon asked him if that was the road to
Rossville; he said it was. Then General Brannon
ordered me to take it and go there, which was the
first intimation I had that we were going there to
take a new position. You can imagine my feel
ings better than I can express them. I supposed
the enemy was defeated, and instead of us taking
a new position for defense we should be prepar
ing to advance, for we had undoubtedly defeated
the enemy in our front, and I supposed the rest of
the army had done likewise. I could not see any
of our forces but a small portion of them on our
left, about a half a mile a way, and could not hear
anything that was going on, for everything was
drowned by the roar of musketry. But I soon
learned the facts, and found that we had been
holding the enemy in check until Thomas had got
ten the rest of the army out of danger, and that
we were now merely bringing up the rear. Be
sides, we were now inarching away from our killed
72 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
and wounded. I had two brothers in my regi
ment, and I did not know whether they were with
us or not; my Lieutenant- Colonel had a son who
I knew was wounded, but did not know where he
was, besides all the killed and wounded, leaving
them to fall into the hands of the enemy. I did
not know our losses, but knew they must be heavy.
When we made the charge in the bottom after
10 o'clock, after the Seventeenth and Thirty-first
Ohio had given wray from the breastworks, I knew
our loss must be terrible in killed and wounded,
for when we came out of the charge our regi
ment did not look as large by half as when we
entered the fight.
I expected when night came to have our killed
and wounded cared for, but now we could see after
none. It was eight miles to Rossville, the night
dark, and the surviving troops were tired, as they
had fought all day without food or wTater, and yet
had to travel this distance, leaving an enemy be
tween us and those we loved so well. But enough
of this, for the very thought of it unnerves me.
^"ow what I claim for the Eighty second Indiana
is this, They are entitled to the credit of being the
first troops on the hill, which proved to be the key
to the battle-field, and held it against the enemy
for at least one hour and a half, until Thomas
could learn its importance and send up reinforce
ments which held it and saved our army. Had the
Eighty-second Indiana not gone on that hill the
enemy would undoubtedly have destroyed our
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 73
forces, for they would have gotten behind us and
assaulted us in the front and rear. Rosecrans had
left the army and gone in the direction of Chatta
nooga and given up, as also had the commanders
of the right and left wings of the army, and the
whole command fell on Thomas' shoulders.
Thomas could not have learned the importance of
this position had not the Eighty-second Indiana
taken and defended it until he had time to see and
know the advantage it afforded ; hence the order
he sent, "to hold it at all hazards."
The fighting we did on that hill to hold it, on
the 20th day of September, 1863, is equal, if not
superior, to that of any battle fought during the
war. In this remark I include all the troops on
the hill, and Steadman's in the ravine to our right.
It is claimed that when Steadman came into the
fight he saved our army by keeping the enemy
from flanking Brannon. That may be true, but
Brannon was of as much importance to Steadman
as Steadman was to Brannon. If he kept the
enemy from flanking Brannon on the right, Bran
non kept the enemy from flanking Steadman on
the left. One was just as important as the other.
The truth is just as I have stated it, the honor of
saving the army was due to all the troops that
fought on the hill and in the ravine to our right —
to one as much as the other, for it took the fight
ing of all to hold the position.
In anything I have said I do not Avish to be un
derstood as detracting from the rest of the army,
(6)
74 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY SECOND
for I believe every regiment did its full duty, and
is entitled to credit therefor. Some regiments had
more fighting to do than others, because they oc
cupied a position the enemy thought was more im
portant for them to take than others, hence the
hard fighting of the Eighty-second on the second
day, for we occupied a position with other com
rades the enemy desired to take, and massed their
forces to take, and tried with all their power
from 1 o'clock till dark to accomplish it, but utterly
failed in their attempt.
In the morning before the fight commenced, I
ordered Major Slocum, of my regiment, to take
thirty men and go out and form a picket line and
guard the open gap to our right. He and his men
who were not killed or wounded when the enemy
made the attack, fell back on the hill about one
hundred and fifty yards to our right and joined
Brannon's forces and fought there bravely till dark
and joined us at Rossville. When we got to Ross-
ville we stayed there all the next day and next
night, prepared and waiting for the enemy. The
question is often asked by many, why was it that
the enemy did not follow us up and attack us ?
The answer is this, they could not; they would
have done it if they could, but their army was
so badly hurt that it had but little fight left in
it, so little that they would not. attempt it. If
they had it would have proved a failure, for we
formed a line across the valley at Rossville that
would have held it against any force they could
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 75
have brought. We moved from Rossville to
Chattanooga on Tuesday morning without in
terruption, except their cavalry made a little
show of fight when we got to Chattanooga,
but took good care to keep out of range of our
muskets. After we got to Chattanooga we forti
fied in twenty minutes, so that we could not have
been gotten out of there with twice their force.
Chattanooga was the objective point ; we got there
in good shape and held it. The battle of Chicka-
mauga would have terminated very differently from
what it did, had McCook on the second day's fight
been closed up against Thomas, for then our line
could never have been broken, but that fatal gap
of a quarter-mile or more was left open where the
enemy came in and flanked our army both ways,
which was the fatal blunder. It was always a
mystery to me, after our army was flanked how
Thomas could hold together as he did till dark,
and then draw off his forces without loss to Ross
ville. That blunder, which Thomas was not re
sponsible for, caused us a retreat to another posi
tion, but not a defeat. I had about three hundred
muskets in line that day, and my loss, as I now
remember it, was one hundred and thirty-seven
killed and wounded; none of my men were taken
prisoners except the wounded.
When I wrote my account of the battle of Chick-
amauga, and delivered it to my regiment at a re
union held at Columbus, Indiana, in the fall of
1887, I then regarded it as true, though written
76 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
twenty-four years after it occured, and written,
too, from memory ; for that battle was more in
delibly fixed in my mind than all the battles I was
ever in, for the reason that it was the most danger
ous and critical in which I was ever engaged ; and
thought it would be borne out by my report made
immediately after the battle, when published by
authority of the United States, giving a history of
the war. Since that time the reports have been
published, and mine does not appear among them.
It is reported " not found," though I know it was
made, and forwarded in the regular channels of
reports, as shown by my brigade commander's re
port, published in volume thirty of the " Chicka-
mauga Campaign," on page 410. I find among
said reports General Brannon's. He was my di
vision commander. His report, published on page
400 of said book (Chickamauga Campaign) does,
as I think, my command great injustice. On page
402 of said report he says : " Wood being taken
while marching by the flank, broke and fled in
confusion, and my line actually attacked from the
rear, was obliged to swing back from the right,
which it accomplished with wonderful regularity
under such circumstances (with, however, the ex
ception of a portion of the First Brigade, which,
being much exposed, broke with considerable dis
order.)" In that part of his report the thing I
complain of is this : He does not say what part
did its duty. In order that you may see how
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 77
our division was placed, I will give the exact po
sition. It was closed up against Reynolds. The
Second Brigade was on the left, the First Brigade
was on the right, with the Third Brigade in reserve.
Wood's division having moved out of line of hat-
tie, left the right of my brigade exposed, as there
was a gap open as far as I could see — being more
than 250 yards. I never saw my division com
mander from the morning of the 20th until
after night, when we moved off the hill. I don't
know where he kept himself; but am sure he
was not around where I was during the 20th.
For I believe, under the circumstances, he should
have been in the rear of my brigade, for it was
the place of danger, for the reason that the Sev
enteenth Ohio and my regiment (Eighty second
Indiana) formed the right flank of his division,
where this gap appeared. General Longstreet
was in front of us with his picked corps of the
Eastern army, with his troops six lines deep, to
march in said gap when the time came for him to
advance, for we had no protection on the flank for
the Seventeenth Ohio and the Eighty-second In
diana, except Major Slocumb, who was thrown
out with thirty flankers to do the best he could
where the enemy made their appearance. Before
the attack was made by General Longstreet the
Third Brigade, which was in reserve, was sent to
General Baird for his assistance. General Crox-
ton, commander of the Second Brigade, was closed
up against Reynolds. Then came the Thirty-first
78 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
Ohio of our brigade, supported by the Fourteenth
Ohio, one of Croxton's Brigade, then the Fourth
Michigan Battery, then the Seventeenth Ohio, sup
ported by my regiment, the Eighty-second Indi
ana, about sixty yards in the rear. Now, had
Brannon been there, and I believe he should, then
he could have seen what the First Brigade did
instead of guessing at it as he did. He would
have learned the perils that the First Brigade was
in when the enemy appeared and fired upon us.
Their coming was so furious and determined — like
a cyclone — that the Thirty first and Seventeenth
Ohio, who were occupying the first line, after ex
changing a few shots with them, gave way and
came back over us. After the Seventeenth had
passed and the rebels had crossed our line of
breast-works, I had the Eighty-second lying down
with bayonets fixed, when I ordered them to fire
and rise and charge them, which they did with a
will. Their fire was so deadly, and so unexpected
was the charge, that the rebels who had crossed
the breast-works gave way, and we pressed them
until we regained them and drove the rebels from
our front. In that charge my regiment numbered
only about 200 ; lost 90 in killed and wounded of
as brave men as ever shouldered a musket. When
I got to the breast-works, and had driven the en
emy back, I looked around to see what support I
had, and, to my surprise, I could not see a single
soldier to my left except the Eighty-second Indi
ana. They were all gone as far as I could see,
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 79
and I was left alone out in the field to take care
of myself. Had any regiment come to my sup
port I should not have left, but fought it out
there. In this charge many of the rebels were
killed and wounded, among whom was General
Hood, wounded, one of the bravest generals in the
rebel army, and I believe the Eighty-second Indi
ana did it, for they were the only ones engaged in
this charge.
I never saw men fight braver and more deter
mined than my men did. General Brannon and
the Second Brigade had all given back; at least I
could not see anything of them. Being left alone
and without any prospect of support, and the
rebels coming on my right and left, I had Colonel
Davis to throw back my right, to keep from being
surrounded. I ordered my men to give back and
wheel and fire every fifty yards, to keep the enemy
in check. I moved straight to the rear, moving
neither to the right nor the left, and kept ahead
as fast as we could walk.
That we made this charge, I refer you to Colonel
Connell's report, my brigade commander, page-
411 of " Chickamauga Battlefield," where he says :
"Under my observation come the heroic conduct,
of Colonel Hunter, Eighty-second Indiana, Colonel
Ward of the Seventeenth Ohio, and Colonel Lister
of the Thirty-first Ohio. The former, charged
with his brave command through our fleeing troops,
and retook, and for a moment held our breast
works, when wholly unprotected on right flank or
80 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
rear." Gould more be expected of my gallant
command than that? For it made one of the
bravest charges against superior numbers, and
against troops that were the flower of the rebel
army, that was made daring the war. And my di
vision commander should have recognized my
brave command in his report, instead of saying :
"With the exception of a portion of the first
brigade being much exposed, broke with consider
able disorder." I will venture the assertion that
my command left the breast-works after General
Brannon had fallen back. While we were retreat
ing four rebel regiments followed us up and kept
firing at us. At one time Captain McAllaster was
killed, and the flag staff shattered, and the flag fell
to the ground, when Colonel Davis picked it up,
and carried it to the top of the hill. The men for
a moment were excited, bat I spoke to them and
soon quieted them down. By this time our regi
ment was tolerably long, and scattered out, when
I was informed that General Brannon rode up
with two orderlies, but I did not see them, and
ordered my brother, Adjutant Hunter, to form at
a fence about five hundred yards in our front (we
were then going to the rear) when Adjutant
Hunter and some forty men moved up faster than
the regiment to the fence on the hillside. When
the adjutant got there, General Negley ordered
him to move to the rear, for if he stayed there two
minutes he would be captured. The adjutant in
sisted on waiting until I would corne up with the
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 81
rest of the regiment, but Xegley insisted that we
would be captured before we got there.
The Adjutant and his men went up the hill with
him and joined the Eighty-fourth Illinois and
started for the rear. When I got to the fence and
started up the hill, I saw stragglers from JefF. C.
Davis' command, and tried to stop them, and did
stop a few and put them on the left of the Eighty-
second Indiana. When I got to the top of the
hill I saw in an instant, from the lay of the
ground, that it was the place to fight, and deter
mined to do so as long as my ammunition would last,
for I never could consent to going down the oppo
site side of the hill, giving the enemy the advantage
of being above us. I instantly deployed my regi
ment along the brow of the hill and told them to
throw logs, rocks, stumps, rails or any other thing in
their front that they could get for their protection.
The enemy, in about fifteen minutes, came up and
attacked us and we repulsed them. We repulsed
them for three different times. Then they seemed
to leave us alone for a time. The first man I saw
on the hill was one of General Thomas' stafT. He
-came up and asked me who was fighting on the
hill; I told him the Eighty-second Indiana and a
few men I had stopped and put into line. He
asked me how long I could hold the hill. I told
him I thought I could hold it as long as. my
ammunition would last, and asked him if he knew
where there was any more, to which he made no
reply, but rode away. In a few minutes fourteen
82 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
men came up carrying fourteen boxes of ammuni
tion, and I immediately had it distributed among
the men. Where it came from, I know not, unless
this staff officer sent it. The next men I saw were
Colonel Walker and Adjutant Byers of the Thirty-
first Ohio. In a few moments more I saw the
Ninth Ohio (Colonel Kammerling's regiment) com
ing up from our left and rear, who charged down
the hill. I told them before they charged that
they had better stop on the top of the hill and
throw logs in their front and let the rebels charge
them. But Colonel Kammerling insisted on going
and I told him to go. The regiment stayed about
five minutes and then came back. Colonel Kam
merling, when he came back, remarked that the
rebels were too d — d thick down there. Then he
formed his command on my right and turned logs
in their front.
As evidence of what I say is true, I herewith
submit the statements of Captain Henry S. Byers,.
of the Thirty-first Ohio, and Colonel Gustav Kam
merling and members of the Ninth Ohio.
" BLOOMINGTON, IND., January, 1893.
"I, Henry S. Byers, late Adjutant Thirty-first
Ohio Veteran Infantry, take pleasure in making
this statement in honor to Gen. Morton C. Hunter,,
and his regiment, Eighty-second Indiana. That
on the 20th day of September, 1863, between the
hours of 12 M. and 1 p. M. I saw General Hunter
and the Eighty-second Indiana in position on the
left of the hill, known as Snodgrass Hill (and the
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 83
key-point to the field), they being the first troops
to take position. Some time after I saw the Ninth
Ohio, Colonel Kitnmerling, come up and take posi
tion on the right of the Eighty-second Indiana.
Afterward other troops took position, and held
the ridge until dark.
" TELL CITY, IND., February 7, 1893.
" I take pleasure in making the following state
ment of facts that took place on the 20th of Sep
tember, 1863, at what was known as the 'Battle of
Chickamauga," viz. : About 1 o'clock p. M., Sept.
20, 1863, I moved my regiment (the Ninth Ohio)
on to what is known as ' Snodgrass Hill,' and
found Col. Morton C. Hunter with the Eighty-
second Indiana Regiment, and formed on his right
along the brow of the hill, and there was no other
troops on the hill at the time I arrived there bat
the Eighty-second Indiana. We held our positions
until after night, and then moved off under orders.
" GrUSTAV KlMMERLING,
" Late Col. 9th 0. V. I."
"We, the undersigned, members of the Ninth
Ohio Volunteer Infantry, being present at the time
mentioned above, take great pleasure in fully in
dorsing the statements of our brave Colonel, know
ing them to be true :
Name. Rank. Co. Regiment.
Christ. Haffner, Private, " I." Ninth O. Y. I.
C. W. H. Luebbert, " "D." «
Fred. Bertsch, 1st Lieut. "B." " "
HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
"D."
"B."
"B."
"A."
"F."
"G."
Sergeant,
Private,
"A."
"E."
a
a
a
"H."
a
a
"A."
a
«
"E."
a
a
"A."
u
a
"A."
a
a
"G."
a
a
" C."
a
a
"K."
a
Corporal,
«
UC."
"H."
«
a
Private,
a
UA."
« _E."
u
«
«
" E."
u
a
" I. "
a
a
a "g "
a
Sergeant,
Private,
"B."
.. j "
«
a
Name. Rank. Co. Regiment.
Geo. A. Schneidey, 1st Sergt. "C." Ninth 0. V. I.
Gerhard Ferber, Corporal, "F."
John Schmutt, Private, " I."
Wihjalm Stagge,
Fredrick Freever,
Joseph Scherer,
Adam Klingel,
Carl Haller,
Herman Howind,
F. Bedecker,
Louis Mark,
Chas. Bemimger
Joseph Deitsch,
John Loge,
George Rimpler,
H. Gunklack,
F. Wendel,
Wm. Leipnitz,
Peter Miller,
A. Voegmann,
Chas. Nulsen,
Bernard Sentro,
A. Bachlet,
Deitrick Dorst,
Adam Fath,
John Heine,
George Maier,
Chas. Schuly,
Igwers Hoch,
Jacob Setter,
John Boecual,
.. J "
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 85
In about fifteen minutes other regiments came
up, which I said in my speech were Brannon's
troops. I then did not know, but supposed they
were. But since I have read the reports of the
various officers in volume 30 of the battle of
Chickamauga, I can't find any of them that say
that they were sent or brought by General Bran-
non on that hill, except one regiment sent by Gen
eral Negley after the fight commenced. I suppose
they came up of their own accord (at least, they
were not sent or brought by General Brannon),
because they were brave officers and men, and
knew that they had to fight or surrender, and that
bein^ a good place to fight, formed on the right of
the Ninth Ohio, along said ridge, and made the
line about 400 yards long from left to right, where
the heaviest battle was fought during the war.
No body blames General Brannon for taking com
mand of the troops, for he was the ranking officer,
and it was his duty to do it. What I blame him
for is this : After the battle was fought, and it was
successful, he claimed all the credit of selecting
the position. From his report you would come to
the conclusion that he had selected that hill as the
key to the battle-field, and he had made every
preparation to defend it ; when the truth is that my
regiment, the Eighty-second Indiana, had been on
that hill for more than an hour before he came on
it, and had repulsed three charges of the Rebels
made upon it, and yet he does not give my com
mand any credit for doing a single thing, when it
86 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
is entitled to the credit of holding that hill against
the enemy until re-enforcements came up and
assisted in holding the enemy at bay. Had my regi
ment not gone on that hill the enemy would have
been on top of it an hour before General Brannon
came there, and would have crushed our army and
taken us as prisoners of war. I hold that the fight
on the hill was purely accidental, for when I came
upon that hill I did not know where to go. But
being pressed by the rebels, the top seemed like
the place to fight. Without giving it a moment's
thought, I immediately deployed my men along
the brow and froze to it. I claim that all the offi
cers and men, without exception, are entitled to
the credit of holding it ; but no man or set of men
is entitled to the credit of selecting it. That was
purely accidental; but when Brannon came the
line of battle was fixed by my regiment and the
Ninth Ohio. There was nothing left for troops
to do except to form on the right of the Xinth
Ohio along the brow of the hill. There was no
other place for them to go, if they wanted to de
fend the hill. For Brannon to say that he selected
the place for them to go is simply preposterous.
My regiment took its position upon the top of
that hill on the left in line of battle before twelve
o'clock of that day (Sept. 20, 1863) and maintained
it by as hard fighting as was ever done by man.
I never saw any one during the day'with a star on
his shoulder, save one, I think he had, though I
am not certain, whom I did not know at the time
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 87
nor for a long time afterwards, and that was
General John Beatty, of Ohio, who came in with
some troops on the left of my regiment. He spoke
of others as well as myself, during the heaviest
charge that I ever saw made. He spoke as follows,
on page 370, Chickamauga Campaign: u* * *
Of Colonel Hunter, of the Eighty-second Indiana,
* * * as men who deserve the gratitude of the
Nation, for an exhibition on this occasion of deter
mined courage, which I believe unsurpassed in the
history of the Rebellion." After dark, about
eight o'clock, General Brannon came to me, the
first time that I saw him since early that morning,
and told me that we would go off the hill. We
moved by the left flank, which threw me in ad
vance, and we marched down the hill and thence
to liossville.
I feel that I have done my duty as a soldier, and
am now in declining years and care nothing for
honors, unless due me. Knowing the cause for
which I fought was successful, I would not bother
myself to ask for justice to myself; but knowing
the soldiering qualities of my brave command, I
can not think of keeping quiet until I see them
given the honor so justly due them. I never gave
them an order but what was cheerfuly executed,
no difference how dangerous. It was so general I
am unable to point out a single instance of failure.
Brave boys. I cheerfully make this statement so
justly due you.
[Colonel Davis and myself were the only field
88 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
officers in command of the regiment during that
bloody encounter on Snodgrass Hill. Colonel
Davis is now dead and gone. He was as brave an
officer as ever lived, and is entitled to as much
credit as I am in that struggle.]
The regiment reached Rossville about 10 o'clock
the night of the 20th, and took position in rear
of Reynolds' Division, near the Dry Valley Road.
The army remained in position guarding Rossville
Gap and roads leading to Chattanooga until 10
o'clock p. M. of the 21st. •< Brannon's Division
was posted at 6 P. M. on the road about half way
between Rossville and Chattanooga to cover the
movement. The troops were withdrawn in a
quiet, orderly manner, without the loss of a single
man, and by 7 A. M. on the 22d were in their posi
tion in front of Chattanooga, which had been as
signed to them previous to their arrival." I make
this statement from General Thomas' report to
show that our division was the rear guard cover
ing this movement, having heard many soldiers
claiming that their division was the one who per
formed that duty. In one hour after reach
ing Chattanooga the army had succeeded in
throwing up breastworks that defied the assault
of the enemy, and in a few days the defense of
Chattanooga would have defied all the rebels that
were contending for the establishment of the
Southern Confederacy. General Rosecrans was
soon removed from command and the greatest
General of them all placed in command, i. e., George
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 89
H. Thomas, better known by his soldiers as " old
Pap Thomas."
Report of the killed, wounded and missing of
the Eighty-second Regiment Indiana Volunteer
Infantry, in the fight of Chickamauga, Georgia,
the 19th and 20th of September, 1863.
STAFF.
Missing, Surgeon William H. Lemon.
Wounded, Adjutant Alf. G. Hunter, in forehead,
slight.
NON COMMISSIONED STAFF.
Wounded, Sergeant-Major Henry I. Davis, since
died.
Missing, Hospital Steward, Robert H. Campbell.
COMPANY "A."
Killed, Private James A. Sipe.
Wounded, Private Enoch Robinson, right arm.
Wounded, Private William C. Eldridge, leg,
slightly.
Wounded, Private Eastman Wine, forehead.
Wounded, Private Andrew H. Blackford, left
arm.
Missing, Sergeant Thadeus 0. Swindler.
Missing, Corporal James I. Hollenback.
Missing, Private Wesley L. Blackford.
Missing, Private Joseph Hutchinson.
Missing, Private William R. Hartwell.
Missing, Private Harman K. Whitsell.
Missing, Private Francis M. Nicely.
Missing, Private Jacob Stites.
(7)
90 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
COMPANY "B."
Killed, Private William Baty.
Killed, Private John Fink.
Killed, Private George A. Hopple.
Killed, Private George S. Garrell.
Wounded, Corporal John M. Larabee, breast,
slightly.
Wounded, Private John W. Lafevers, left thigh,
since died.
Wounded, Private William H. Gorrell, shoulder,
since died.
Wounded, Private Lucian Allison, thigh, slightly.
Wounded, Private Harvey Crockett, thigh,
slightly.
Wounded, Private Frederick Mauler, breast,
slightly.
Wounded, Private William E, Meek, left
shoulder.
Missing, Captain Samuel A. Spencer.
Missing, Corporal James M. Gasaway.
Missing, Private David M. Hall.
COMPANY "C."
Killed, First Sergeant William F. McCaskey.
Killed, Corporal Albert Park.
Wounded, Captain William C. Stineback, hands
slightly.
Wounded, Private Hensley H. Kirk, thigh.
Wounded, Private Joseph JSTeff, left arm.
Wounded, Private Morgan Jordou, left hand.
Wounded, Private William Means, wrist.
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 91
Wounded, Private Oliver H. Kinnear, both hips.
Wounded, Private James F. McFall, left arm.
Wounded, Private Robert H. Logan, thigh and
ankle.
Wounded, Private George L. Wilson, thigh and
hand.
Missing, Corporal Simon D. Strang.
Missing, Private William B. Clark.
COMPANY "D."
Missing, Private Oddy Satterthwait, hospital
nurse.
COMPANY "E."
Killed, Corporal John Kirts.
Killed, Private Joseph C. Stearns.
Killed, Private Thomas Crayton.
Killed, Private William Pauley.
Killed, Private James I. Taylor.
Wounded, First Lieutenant Lathan C. Almond,
leg, slightly.
Wounded, Sergeant Fredrick Brower, leg,
slightly.
Wounded, Sergeant Theodore Alley,leg, slightly.
Wounded, Sergeant Henry Wise, leg and
shoulder, severely.
Wounded, Corporal Joseph Hunter, leg.
Wounded, Private Gideon Underwood, leg,
slightly.
Wounded, Private William Black, leg, slightly.
Wounded, Private Jay Day, breast.
92 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
Wounded, Private William Ford, thigh and
shoulder; severe.
Wounded, Private George W. Riley, arm.
Wounded, Private James T. Orrell, neck.
Wounded, Private Abram Coryell, shoulder.
Missing, Private Thomas Luallen.
COMPANY "F."
Killed, Corporal James Russell.
Killed, Private James R. Dearman.
Wounded, Sergeant John P. Harrell, leg slightly.
Wounded, Corporal Alva P. Hart, shoulder;
severe.
Wounded, Private Clark McDermott, since died.
Wounded, Private William F. Sears, breast
severely.
Wounded, Private Joseph Letts, thigh broken.
Wounded, Private Alvis Moore, flesh wound in
side.
Wounded, Private James A. Sanders, head
slightly.
Missing, Private James M. Burris.
Missing, Private George Jund.
Missing, Private Emanuel Whisenand.
Missing, Private David A. Foster.
COMPANY "G."
Killed, Private John Wolf.
Wounded, Sergeant James K. Chamberlain, leg
broken.
Wounded, Sergeant John Barber, head slightly.
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 93
Wounded, Private Charles L. Danner, right
arm.
Wounded, Private Martin Traster, leg severely.
Missing, Private Samuel Gordon.
COMPANY "H."
Killed, Private Martin Ault.
Killed, Private Nathan Ayers.
Wounded, Private Isaac Collins, left breast.
Wounded, Private Hiram Souders, left side.
Wounded, Corporal Joseph A. Mcllvain, right
thigh ; severely.
Wounded, Private William Franklin, knee
slightly.
Wounded, Private William C. Lathrop, mouth
slightly.
Wounded, Private Thos. I. Kirk, hand slightly.
Missing, First Lieutenant Jackson Woods, died
in Macon prison.
Killed, Sergeant George W. Coffland.
COMPANY "I."
Killed, Private David Stogdell.
Wounded, Second Lieutenant Charles N. Hunter,
in leg, slight.
Wounded, Sergeant Andrew Raper, thigh.
Wounded, Corporal Henry Ison, head.
Wounded, Private Simon I. Waldridge, head.
Wounded, Private Nicholas B. Maner, leg and
arm.
Wounded, Private Emanuel B. Brown, arm.
94 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
"Wounded, Private Andrew R. Freeman, leg.
Wounded, Private Barton I. Ham, breast
slightly.
Wounded, Private Robert F. Livingston.
COMPANY "K."
Killed, Captain Harrison McAllister.
Killed, Private John E. Hughes.
Killed, Sergeant George J. Warren.
Wounded, Corporal Samuel M. Chaille, left
thigh.
Wounded, Private Thomas II. Hyatt, right leg.
Wounded, Private David L. Jackson, right arm.
Wounded, Private John Johnson, right arm.
Wounded, Private Daniel L. Glenn, right arm.
Wounded, Private William J.McDermott, thigh.
Wounded, Private Levi Redman, back slightly.
Missing, Sergeant Allison A. Rust.
Missing, Private William Thompson.
Total Nunber — Killed, 19; wounded, 67; mis
sing, 29. Aggregate, 115.
CHAPTER VI.
SIEGE OF CHATTANOOGA.
In a short time after reaching Chattanooga the
army was reorganized. The Eighty-second re
mained in the First Brigade of the Third Division
of the Fourteenth Army Corps. Our division was
commanded by Brigadier General A. Baird. Our
brigade was composed of the Eleventh, Seven
teenth, Thirty-first, Thirty-sixth, Eighty-ninth,
Ninety-second Ohio and Eighty-second Indiana,
commanded by Gen. John B. Turchin. For a
time our duties consisted of strengthening our
works and picket duty. After a while the regi
ment was detailed to assist in building a bridge
across the Tennessee River near Chattanooga.
The rebels concentrated their forces until it was
an impossibility to ship rations to the army. The
last supply train, consisting of wagons, w^as cap
tured and burned by Wheeler's command. From
that time on for near one month our rations be
come shorter and shorter, until one-fourth rations,
become the supply. Feed for the animals gave
out, and they died of starvation by the thousands.
The beds and tongues of the wagons were eaten
by the mules so as to make them useless. On one
96 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
occasion four six-mule teams were sent from the
regiment to get wood, starting early in the morn
ing. At night two mules and one empty wagon
came back to camp, twenty-two mules having died
during the day. From day to day, it looked as
though there was not much hopes of being able to
hold out, yet the men stood it like true patriots
without complaining. The head generals were
trying to devise some plan by which the siege
should be raised or rations furnished the men.
The weather was cold. The roads bad and rein
forcements unhandy. Finally, General Hooker
with the Eleventh and Twelfth Army Crops, were
sent to our relief. They were too weak to force
their way through the rebel lines, the position
held by the rebels being natural strong military
points. The question was how to assist them.
Finally arrangements were made for Turchin and
Hazen's Brigades to make a demonstration on
Brown's Ferry to open the way for Hooker's com
mand into the valley. Fifty boats, competent to
carry twenty-five men each were, fitted out, and
started down the river on the night of the 26th of
October, loaded with men from Hazen's Brigade,
the distance around the river being some nine
miles, while across the peninsula less than half the
distance. About daybreak on the morning of the
27th the boats commenced landing, surprising the
pickets. Soon the boats had discharged the men
and were hurried over to the opposite side to take
over Turchin's men, who had crossed the river at
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 97
Chattanooga and marched across the bend to the
opposite side of the ferry from where the rebels
were doing picket duty, and waiting for the boats
to make their appearance. Turchin was to carry
the ridge on the right of the ferry and Hazen the
left. The Eighty-second was in the first boats that
carried Turchin's men over, soon landed and
charged up forcing the enemy off the ridge. There
were several men wounded in our brigade, but
none killed. In a short time after crossing Ave had
things in good shape to hold it against great odds.
The pontoon train was on hands and in a few hours
there was a bridge completed. During the whole
time the men were constructing the bridge the
enemy kept up a continuous artillery fire from
Lookout Mountain, but without any great disturb
ance, although the shells threwr water pretty lively
around the bridge. During that night Hooker's
men had quite a battle for the small force engaged,
and succeeded in driving the enemy from their
front and passed their train of supplies down and
across the bridge prepared at Brown's Ferry. Soon
the men had the pleasure of trying a tussel with a
full ration and enjoying the pleasure of a con
tented stomach. Notwithstanding it is said in his
tory that the " Sixth Indiana was the only Indiana
regiment" in this great and glorious undertaking,
yet it is not true. For I know the Eighty-second
took a part in it, as I was there in person. As the
author of the history mentioned was not there, of
•course he is excusable for making this mistake, as
98 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
he was getting his authority from imagination.
He says further that "Turchin's Brigade was com
posed of the Eleventh, Thirty-sixth, Eighty-ninth
and Ninety-second Ohio," and " Colonel Baldwin's
eld brigade, composed of the Sixth Indiana, Fifth
Kentucky, First and Ninety-third Ohio. But for
this expedition General Hazen took command of
our brigade." Turchin's Brigade was composed
of the Eleventh, Seventeenth, Thirty-first, Thirty-
sixth, Eighty-ninth, Ninety-second Ohio and
Eighty-second Indiana (instead of Baldwin's old
Brigade). General Hazen's Brigade was composed
of the First, Sixth, Forty -first. Ninety-third and One
Hundred and Twenty-fourth Ohio, Fifth, Sixth, and
Twenty-third Kentucky, and Sixth Indiana, which
shows very plainly that two Indiana regiments
took a part in "this hazardous task." While the
Sixth's historian did not appear to know the forma
tion of his own brigade, or who was its com
mander, it is not supposed he knew what regi
ments composed Turchin's Brigade. After remain
ing in position a few days until Hooker made
disposition of his troops, we were again moved
back to our old camp near Chattanooga. We
were kept busy watching the movements of the
rebels and doing picket duty. The picket per
formance had assumed the appearance of going to
battle much more than guarding. We took our
turn about every third day with our brigade.
The brigade commander having to go out and
command the movements the same as on the
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 99
line of battle; and often had a severe battle by
trying to take some point held by the rebels, or to
prevent them from taking the position we were
holding. While laying in position in the works
surrounding Chattanooga, forage for stock became
a thing impossible to obtain. Colonel Hunter
having a cow, and wishing to save her, had his
darkey, who attended his horses, to look after her.
He would lead her out and hold her while grazing.
One evening he came back to camp with the rope
he used for leading and grazing with, but no cow.
His eyes protruded until they looked like you
could have knocked them off with a club. Colonel
Hunter said, "Anderson, where is the cow ? " His
reply was, " she's gone Colonel ; I guess I went to
sleep holding the end of the rope, when I waked
up the cow was gone, but I had the rope in -my
hand and the cow's hide was at the other end tied
by the horns, but I don't know who took her
away." Of course the Colonel felt bad about the
loss of his cow, as he was a great lover of milk.
Yet he said nothing, as he felt so badly about the
men having so little to eat. While we remained
in siege Colonel Hunter got a few ears of corn, had
them parched and sent an order to all the officers
of the regiment to report at his headquarters im
mediately. After they all reported in came the
Colonel with the corn and divided it among them,
saying, " this is my treat." I never witnessed so
much sport over parched corn in my life, and must
say it tasted extra well. The rebels planted
100 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
artillery on nearly all the eminences that they
could reach our camps from, and amused them
selves throwing shells into our camps. I never
heard of any one being hurt with the missiles,
except where they found them laying around, not
having bursted. Major Slocum of my regiment
found a 32-pounder and carried it into camp, and
Sergeant-Major Morris (later Lieutenant) was fool
ing with the shell. Four darkies were setting
round a fire warming. Major Slocum said, " Joe,
kill yourself four or five niggers." Joe made
a motion with the shell toward the fire when it
slipped from his hands, hitting the ground and
rolling toward the fire (Joe was down on his
hands and knees after it when it reached the fire),
exploded, wounding all four of the darkies, one
piece passing through my tent and killing one
man in the Thirty-eighth Ohio, and only scratch
ing Joe in one place on the face. The cause of its
explosion so quickly, the tap in the conical end
had been removed and the powder emptied out,
but the fulminating coat around the inside surface
of the shell ignited as soon as it came in contact
with the fire.
The battery on Lookout Mountain was very
annoying until we located two batteries on Moc
casin Point and made it too hot for the Johnies.
The rebels thought time would force us to sur
render or starve to death. They appeared more
anxious for either of these terms than to attack
and try whipping us into subjection. The memory
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 101
of Chickamauga was yet fresh in their minds.
No doubt they looked down on us from their
prominent points and exultingly said, "when we
get you starved then we can whip you." Gen
eral Grant came to us and assumed command.
General Sherman, with the Fifteenth and Seven
teenth Corps, came to our assistance. The troops
of our own army were gathered in ; Chattanooga
became the scene of activity, every preparation
being made to hurl the rebel crew from the com
manding heights, and show them that no differ
ence how strong the position of nature, nor how
well defended by rebels, there was no chance to
stand before the Army of the Cumberland when
turned loose against anything like even numbers.
The army had been having plenty to eat for about
one month, was in excellent health and of the
highest spirits, and anxiously awaiting an oppor
tunity to show the rebs they were neither starved
or conquered.
Chattanooga is surrounded with natural scenes
of great beauty. Mountains and hills far and near,
beautiful valleys and winding streams. To the
south-west rises cloud-capped Lookout Mountain ;
to the north, Waldon's Ridge wears the celestial
armor as far to right and left as vision can dis
cern ; to the west, Raccoon Mountain appears as
an ethereal messenger, extending to the south-west
on a parallel line with Lookout: Mission Ridge to
the east, with undulating summit, stands appar
ently as a guard for the craggy crests far in its
102 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
rear. To the east, the south and the north-east,
are the beautiful valleys, made more grand by the
beautiful surroundings. When one looks upon the
grandeur and beauties that surround Chattanooga
would they for a moment wonder why the Grand
Architect of the Universe was fraught with ven
geance and dealt so heavily with our country's
traitors for trying to desecrate His grand and
beautiful works ?
GEN. SLOCUM.
CHAPTER VII.
BATTLE OF MISSIONARY RIDGE, ETC.
At 2 o'clock P. M. of Monday, November 23,
1863, the Third Division of the Fourteenth Corps,
of which the Eighty-second formed a part, moved
out in front of Fort Negley and took position near
the rebel picket line. This was done to give ap
pearance of an attack on the front line on Mission
ary Ridge to keep the enemy from removing troops
to their right and left flanks, where every prepara
tion was being made for attack. General Sherman
on their right and Hooker on the left. We re
mained in position until Wednesday the twenty-
fifth, Hooker's forces having stormed and taken
Lookout Mountain, and Sherman having crossed
his troops over the Tennessee River some six miles
above Chattanooga and attacked the enemy's right
flank. Our division was moved to the left to as
sist him as his attack had proved a failure. On
our arrival, there being no room for more troops,
General Baird received orders to move back to the
right to assist in storming the front of the ridge.
We took position about midway between Fort
Wood and the ridge. We had scarcely reached
(8)
106 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
our position before the whole line of the Cumber
land Army moved forward on a grand charge on
the works at the foot of the ridge. Our brigade
was formed in two lines. The Eleventh, Thirty-
sixth and Ninety-second Ohio, forming the front
line. The Seventeenth, Thirty-first, Eighty-ninth
Ohio and Eighty-second Indiana the rear line.
The Eighty-second Indiana and Eighty-ninth Ohio
acting as one regiment, under command of Colonel
Hunter. We were about one and a quarter miles
from the foot of the ridge. We received orders
to fix bayonets and away we went. The enemy
soon opened a most terrific artillery fire from the
ridge, yet it did but little injury as we advanced
so rapidly that they could not get proper range
upon us, the missiles falling behind us tearing up
the earth in great shape. On our arrival at the
foot of the ridge we came upon a line of works
which was held by a strong force of the enemy.
But such was the impetuosity of our charge that
they gave way abandoning their works and fled
up the hill for safety. On our arrival at the works
our men were almost worried out. Here fire from
the rebels' guns was severe, and told with won
derful effect as we were now in full range of their
muskets, yet, notwithstanding the exhaustion of
the men, the severity of their fire and the steep
ness of the hill, our brave boys of the different
regiments advanced steadily and firmly until at
length the breastworks on the top of the ridge
were reached, when Sergeant John D. Willson,
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 107
who carried our colors, was at the front, crossed
the rebel works amid the cheers of the true and
"brave boys of the First Brigade, who followed.
Sergeant "Willson was never known to let any man
be ahead of his colors in a charge if his position
was such as to prevent it. No regiment had an
organization. Those who could travel fastest
were at the front and the sergeant was one of the
first to enter the works on this occasion. The en
emy gave back in great confusion before our ad
vancing column, and in a few moments the ridge
with its artillery and many of its garrison was
ours. It was a sight to look over the opposite side
of the ridge and see the Johnnies trying their speed
to the rear without any order. A regular skedadle
4i Every man for himself and the devil take the
hindmost." Night soon overtook us and put a
stop to our following the enemy and making a
more complete success of our victory. If we could
have had the day before us, there would not have
been much left of that army of rebels to fight us
-soon again. The Eighty-second had four men
killed and sixteen wounded. The Eighty-ninth
Ohio had four men killed and fourteen wounded.
We were proud of the Eighty-ninth ; they were a
good regiment and always did their duty gallantly
and cheerfully. Our brigade was all Ohioans ex
cept our own, the Eighty-second Indiana. His
tory will bear me out in saying the First Brigade
of the Third Division of the Fourteenth Corps
108 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
was equal to any brigade in the army for both dis
cipline and courage. We moved back off the ridge
and encamped for the night, giving Wood's Di
vision an opportunity to gather all the artillery we
had captured in our front and claim it as their cap
ture. If my regiment, brigade, division or corps
would stoop to claim work done by others I would
feel heartily ashamed of them, and as their histo
rian, would feel ashamed to claim the honors for
them, I intend to confine myself to the truth as
I understand it, and let others judge the work of
the regiment of which I write.
On the morning of November 26 our brigade
made a reconuoisance as far as the Chickamauga
River without coming up with the rear of the en
emy, and in the afternoon marched in the direc
tion of Ringgold, Ga. On Friday morning, the
27th, we reached that place and joined the other
divisions of our corps. We remained at Ring-
gold without performing any unusual duties until
Sunday, the 29th, when we returned to Chatta
nooga. General Grant decided to not follow the
enemy further than Ringgold, but made arrange
ments for sending reinforcements to relieve Gen
eral Burnside at Knoxville. We remained in
Chattanooga, doing usual army duty, until the 22d
of February, 1864, when we received orders to
move on the enemy at Dalton, thus causing them
to draw back the troops sent to Mississippi for
the purpose of assisting in preventing General
Sherman's army from making a raid through
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 109
the State. The Seventeenth and Thirty-first
Ohio regiments had gone home on veteran fur
lough. This left our brigade only four regi
ments, the Eleventh, Eighty-ninth and Ninety-
second Ohio, and the the Eighty-second Indiana,
the Thirty-sixth Ohio having been taken from us.
Ou the morning of the 22d of February our divis
ion started from Chattanooga, the morning clear
.and nice. I looked along the road ; saw the colors
of many regiments floating in the morning breeze ;
listened to music from brass and martial bands,
knowing it was the birthday of the noble Wash
ington, the father of our country. My mind wan
dered to the gallant deeds of our forefathers, who
had suffered through years of toil and privations
to save this great country from the hands of des
potic rulers. Then the change coming on to re
mind me that on the birth day of the man whose
memory was so dear to the true patriots of our
•country, that it was established by law as a
national holiday. "We were called upon to go
forth to meet in deadly conflict the descendants of
many who had given their lives and health for the
establishment of a government which had been
transmitted to them unimpaired through many
years which were passed and gone. My mind be
came so deeply engrossed in thought as to make
me entirely forget where I was, or in what duty
engaged, when General Turchin rode up and re
quested me to furnish him with some smoking
tobacco, he having left camp without replenishing
110 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
his tobacco sack. This woke me up as from a
dream, and brought to realization that we were
moving in quest of our country's traitors. We
reached Binggold that evening and encamped for
the night. On the morning of the 23d we moved
out through Ringgold Gap toward Tunnel Hill,
driving the enemy's pickets as we advanced. We
moved to Tunnel Hill, meeting more of the en
emy. Here the forces divided, a part going to
Buzzard Roost Gap and the other part taking to
the left down along Rocky Face Ridge, the divis
ion to which the Eighty-second belonged being
in this movement to the left. Not long after di
viding the forces we bivouacked for the night. On
the 24th we moved out in the morning, skirmish
ing with the enemy's advance guard. Our regi
ment was moving by Turchin's favorite move
ment — double column in eight ranks, (which
throws the colors in front and the right and left
flanks to the rear) — when we run into a masked
battery, which dropped a shell into the regiment,
wounding three or four men. The batallion was
forwarded double-quick into a ravine which the
road crossed, and deployed into line of battle.
Here we received an order to move to the right
up this ravine and join the left of the Eighty-
ninth Ohio. Lt. Colonel Slocum was in command
of the regiment, Colonel Hunter being at Nash
ville as president of a court martial. He moved
the regiment and connected with the Eighty-ninth.
We received an order from a soldier carrying a
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. Ill
gun for Colonel Slocum to take command of the
two regiments and at a signal from our battery to
charge down the hill and drive the enemy from the
ravine and take the hill in our front. The order,
coming as it did, Colonel Slocum failed to obey.
Then one of General Turchin's orderlies came up
and gave the same order, when we again failed to
obey. Finally one of Turchin's staff came and de
livered the order, and, at the signal, the two regi
ments having bayonets fixed, charged down and
drove the enemy back until half way up the ridge.
Captain Whedon, of the Eighty-second, with his
company ("A") was on the skirmish line, having
concentrated his men on the right flank of the
Eighty-ninth Ohio, found, as the line advanced, it
became more extended to the left and exposed the
right flank in such a manner as to endanger the
whole line. Word was sent to General Turchin
notifying him of our trouble. He came up with
the Eleventh and Ninety-second Ohio regiments
putting them on our right. The Eleventh deployed
in line of battle, the Ninety-second in support, and
away we went again. The Eleventh met with too
much resistance and gave back to a ravine which
they had passed over and reformed (the enemy
were following them) and charged the enemy
again driving them back in great confusion. This,
relieved our flank and we carried the ridge. The
men were so elated there was no holding them;
they followed the enemy down into the ravine and
up another hill. When we raised the top of the,
112 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
hill the enemy was laying four lines deep and
poured a galling fire into our ranks, making it so
hot that we were compelled to fall back to the
first hill. Here we threw up works of logs, rocks,
rails or anything that would turn bullets.
During the charge the Eighty second lost some
thirty men wounded. Sergeant John D. Wilson,
color bearer, fell severely wounded. One of the
color guards took the colors and was soon
wounded ; another guard took them and soon fell ;
the fourth guard took the colors and brought it
oft the field. Lieutenant-Colonel Paul E. Slocum,
a brave and noble officer, fell mortally wounded,
dying in three or four days. The gallant Eighty-
ninth Ohio lost many men; the Eleventh lost con
siderable ; the Ninety second sustained some loss,
but not so heavy as the advance regiments. Major
Jolly, of the Eighty-ninth Ohio, took command
of the two regiments. Captain W. C. Stineback
took command of the Eighty-second. None of
our killed or wounded fell into the enemy's hands.
We held this position until eleven o'clock that
night. The woods between us and the enemy were
on fire, making it so light that it was impossible
to get in front of our works without being shot at.
At eleven o'clock p. M. we received an order to
move back off the ridge, making as little noise as
possible! We retraced our march back to where
we left the main road at Tunnel Hill, leaving a
force there to guard against the approach of the
enemy. Our division went out to Buzzard Roost
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 113
to assist the troops there in withdrawing. The
troops all moved back to Ringgold without the
enemy doing any harm. The Third Division of
the Fourteenth Corps, General Baird commanding,
of which the Eighty-second formed a part, re
mained at Ringgold, it being a very important
point in regard to a movement on Atlanta. Our
picket line extending beyond the gap, which was
a very strong position to overcome when properly
defended. The enemy made several desperate at
tempts to dislodge our forces who were guarding
it. Colonel Hunter, of the Eighty-second, was
grand officer of the day, and during the night of
his command the enemy made a desperate attempt
to carry the picket line. They drove the pickets
in on the reserve. Colonel Hunter being present
took charge of the forces, and after a hard battle
routed the attacking party, killing and capturing
over one hundred and fifty men, one colonel
among the number. While laying here our duties
were very exacting, as we expected any hour, day
or night, to be called into action. Company and
regimental drill was kept up daily as long as we
remained in this position. Every preparation was
being made for an advance on Atlanta and all
the men were anxious for the order for a for
ward movement, as there was more responsibility
felt while laying within a few miles of the bulk of
the enemy than taking their chances along with
our whole army. The men of our brigade had
learned to love their brigade commander, General
114 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
Turchin, and their division commander, General
Baird, having full confidence in their ability to
take proper care of them, and knowing they were
brave and careful men who would not sacrifice
them to make a star for themselves. During our
stay at this point, some time in March, a snow six
inches deep fell, and two Ohio regiments formed
in line of battle some distance apart facing each
other, and opened a snowball battle. It was real
exciting to see them charge and counter charge,
and finally commence capturing their enemy and
carry them to the rear. The men became as earnest
in the battle as though it was an actual enemy
confronting them. There was much blood spilled —
principally from noses — and all appeared to enjoy
it very much. While here the officer in charge of
the Indiana Sanitary Commission stationed at
Chattanooga sent a lot of potatoes in barrels to
my care to be divided among the Indiana regi
ments. I went around and notified all the regi
ments to call and get their share. One of the
regiments was all ready to start for home on veteran
furlough, and did not want their share. Knowing
the amount would be hard to divide and not wish-
iug to make the rounds again to notify them to
come and get their share, I done what I thought
best, L e., issued them to the Eighty-second; then
wrote the Captain that I had three barrels left on
my hands, and if not receiving word from him by
a certain time would issue them to suit myself,
being extremely careful to set the time so as I knew
INDIAN!. VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 115
he could not get me word by letter. The Captain
wrote me how to issue them. I answered him how
they had been issued. In a few days received a
letter giving me a good setting up. If the amount
had been ample for division among the several
regiments they would have been so divided, but
being so few I felt my first duty was the Eighty-
second's welfare, and thus it was done.
CHAPTER VIII.
ATLANTA CAMPAIGN.
On the 7th day of May, 1864, our brigade, com
posed as follows, viz.: Eleventh, Seventeenth,
Thirty-first, Eighty-ninth and Ninety-second Ohio ;
Nineteenth and Twenty-fourth Illinois, and the
Eighty-second Indiana, being the First Brigade
(commanded by General Turchin) of the Third Di
vision (commanded by General Baird) of the Four-
teeenth Corps, commanded by General Palmer
(the Thirty-sixth Ohio being removed from our
brigade), started on the Atlanta campaign. Mov
ing as far as Tunnel Hill we encamped for the
night. On the morning of the 8th our whole di
vision moved south three miles on the Villanow
road, so as to form connection with the Twentieth
Corps (Major General Hooker commanding) and
at the same time to cover the right flank of
Brigadier-General Johnson's Division, which was
swinging forward onto the south end of Tunnel
Hill Ridge. In the afternoon we crossed that ridge
and moved up in support of Generals Johnson's and
Davis' Divisions in front of Buzzard Roost Gap,
and went into camp for the night. The 9th, 10th
and llth, remained in position. On the 12th, our
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 117
division in advance, moved at day-break toward
the right, to the support of General McPherson,
who had passed through Snake Creek Gap, and
taken position in Sugar Valley, threatening Re-
sacca. On the morning of the 14th, at daylight,
our division swung forward and joined General
Johnson, then pushed forward until we struck the
enemy, Captain Whedon, with companies A and
B of the Eighty-second, covering our front as
skirmishers. In our advance we had to pass over
a hill and through dense undergrowth, which en
tirely obscured from view the rebel works until
we reached the brow of the hill. From there they
could be plainly seen. General Juda's Brigade was
on our left, and in moving through the thicket
they became detached from our left and obliqued
to the right and came out covering a part of our
front. They met with a most murderous fire from
the enemy. When his first line reached a small
ravine about 100 yards from the rebel works they
stopped and took shelter in it. The second line
being now badly exposed, advanced rapidly and
took shelter in the same ravine. Our brigade still
advanced to the foot of the hill. There being no
room for any more men in the ravine we took po
sition behind a rail fence, having no orders to fall
back. The range was so short the enemy's shells
knocked the fence into kindling wood. We were
ordered back to the top of the hill, took position
and threw up works. The Eighty-second lost in
killed and wounded twenty-three officers arid men.
118 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
Lieut. John W. Walker, of Company I, was killed.
A brave and gallant officer, loved by all, was taken
from us at a time we most needed him. Here I
received a severe wound in the head and was left
on the field until I came too enough to get back
to the rear. Yet the Eighty-second went on doing
every duty assigned it. I am indebted to Colonel
Hunter and the reports of Generals Baird and Tur-
chin for this part of my history, from May 14, 1864,
to the 2d day of July, 1864, when I again returned
to my regiment for duty. On the 15th the regi
ment moved with the brigade farther to the right,
and took position on the line. So tightly were
the lines being drawn around the enemy that dur
ing the night they evacuated their works and re
treated. On the 16th the Eleventh Ohio was
detached and soon mustered out, their time having
expired. The balance of our brigade moved in
pursuit of the enemy, but had to encamp at Re-
sacca on account of the bridge across the river at
that point being destroyed. On the 17th we moved
forward in hot pursuit, skirmishing and forming
line of attack or to receive one from the enemy,
bivouacking wherever night overtook us, until the
24th, at which time we were some ten miles beyond
the Etowah River. On the 22d the Twenty- fourth
Illinois was detached and mustered out, its time
having expired. On the 24th our brigade was de
tailed to guard a train, which we continued to do
until June 11, when we again joined our division.
On the 9th of June the Nineteenth Illinois was
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 119
relieved from duty to be mustered out, its time
having expired. On the llth we again moved on
the enemy, who was in a strong fortified position,
some five miles from Kennesaw Mountain. They
soon gave way and we continued to drive them
from one position to another until the 18th, when
they again occupied strong works. Here the
Eighty-second fortified in a very exposed and dan
gerous position. But such was our extreme care
that we had but one man wounded, to wit : Private
John Linen weber, of Company G. When once
fixed we made the rebel works so uncomfortable
that they were compelled to abandon them under
cover of the night. On the 19th we pressed them
until they entered strong works previously pre
pared, at Kennesaw Mountain, where they again
made a stubborn resistance. Here for twelve days
we were exposed to a heavy fire from shell and
musketry. We fortified with such care that we
were protected from direct shots, and only suffered
from stray shots as we passed from one point to
another in rear of our works. Lieut. Joe Morris
was on top the works during this time while the
enemy was shelling us. He would say, " Look
out, boys ; here comes another darned scalp
seeker." He kept this up until a twelve pound
shell made straight for him, and as he threw him
self forward to get out of its way he said, " Here
I come.'' He was a little late, as it stripped his
blouse clean from his back. The Lieutenant con
cluded after that if the boys wanted to know when
120 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
to dodge they could find out for themselves.
While here our loss was five in killed and wounded.
July 2d, in the evening, I again arrived at regi
mental headquarters for duty, and went into the
Colonel's tent to see him. General Baird and an
other officer or two were in talking with him.
After shaking hands all round, I went out to visit
all the boys. I hadn't got very far from the tent
until a shell passed through it, shocking all who
were in but not seriously injuring any one. The
shell not bursting it went into the ground and was
dug out by the men, being six feet from the sur
face. On the night of the 3d the enemy again
gave way, and on the morning of the 4th we fol
lowed them so close they made a stand about four
miles below Marietta. The army was formed for
battle and moved on the enemy, when they gave
away. Orders reached us to go into camp to spend
the 4th ; we passed a nice day, having received a
good mail soon after going into camp. On the 5th
we started again in hot pursuit and drove the
enemy to their strong line of works at the Chat-
tahoochee river. Continuous skirmishing was kept
up until the 9th, when we pressed them so hard
that when night came on they retreated across the
river and destroyed the bridge. Sergeant George
King, of Co. A, was killed and private Bar-
ringer, Co. B, wounded; two good soldiers
knocked "out, one for all time to come. Sergeant
King was a most gallant soldier and would have
made a gallant officer that any regiment would
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 121
have been proud of. Brave, cool and always
ready to meet the enemy. The crossing for miles
up and down the Chattahoochee river were heavily
guarded by the enemy, and preperations had to be
made to form a crossing. We remained in posi
tion doing picket duty and taking a rest, prepara
tory to dealing the fatal blow for the capture of
Atlanta. On the 17th General Turchin left us on
a leave of absence, being sick. Here the Twenty-
third Missouri regiment was assigned to our brig
ade. Colonel Moses B. Walker, of the Thirty-
first Ohio, took command of our brigade, he being
the ranking Colonel in the brigade. The pontoon
bridge being completed at Pace's Ferry on the
evening of the 17th, we crossed and moved out
some distance and bivouacked for the night. On
the 18th our whole corps advanced, passing
Nancy's Creek at Kyle's Ferry, with our advance at
HowelPs Mill on Peach Tree Creek, bivouacked
for the night. The most of the 19th was spent in
reconnoitering the creek for crossings, the bridges
being burned and the stream being very deep.
The passage was very difficult, as the enemy was
guarding it to prevent our crossing. General
Davis' Division, being on our right, had effected a
crossing, but met with such strong resistance his
left brigade was forced back over the creek. Our
brigade was ordered to furnish him support. The
Eighty-ninth Ohio and Eighty-second Indiana
passed along the creek until arriving at Davis'
left flank. The creek was deep, the banks
(9)
122 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
steep and muddy. The Eighty-ninth took to
the water, crossing with a rush, the Eighty-
second following at their heels as support. As
soon as reaching the bank the Eighty-ninth de
ployed as skirmishers, the Eighty-second follow
ing in line of battle, the enemy falling back in
disorder. Having moved out sufficient to protect
Davis' flank we halted and threw up fortifications,
where we remained during the night. Our move
ment relieved Davis' flank, and his brigade re-
crossed the creek and drove the enemy from their
front, and built a good line of works that the
enemy failed to attack. I quote from Colonel
Walker's report in Series 1, Volume 38, Official
Records War of the Rebellion, page 761 :
" Was ordered to advance one regiment to the
support of General Davis' left ; ordered the Eigh
ty-ninth Ohio, under command of Colonel Carl-
ton, to this duty; sent the Eighty second Indiana
in support of the Eighty-ninth Ohio, under Colonel
Hunter. I would fail in my duty were I not to
mention the gallant conduct of these two regi
ments. The enemy had a strong line of skirmish
ers posted on the opposite side of the stream well
protected by rifle pits and heavy timber which
skirted the open field on the opposite bank of the
stream, and commanded every approach to the
ford. The crossing, from the depth of the water,
uneven bottom and muddy banks, was difficult.
Colonel Hunter, ever prompt to obey an order and
discharge a duty, had hastened the march of his
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 123
regiment, so that the head of his column reached
the ford before Colonel Carlton's left was over.
Both regiments bounded through the stream
(which struck the men at the waist) with an alac
rity and energy truly surprising. Instantly on
reaching the opposite bank Colonel Carlton de
ployed his regiment, charged and drove the en
emy from his rifle pits, Colonel Hunter moving
close in support." On the 20th we pressed for
ward gradually under a heavy fire from the en
emy. On the 21st we move again, meeting with
heavier resistance, yet driving the enemy from one
line of works to another. On the 22d we march
toward Atlanta; met the enemy about two and a
half miles from the city ; formed line of battle in
front of the enemy's works under a sharp fire of
artillery and musketry. Remained in position
from the 23d to the 31st, inclusive, skirmishing
with the enemy, much of the time exposed to an
annoying artillery fire.
I again quote from Colonel Walker's same re
port, page 762: "During the time we were in
this position two of my regiments, the Twenty-
third Missouri and the Eighty-second Indiana, de
serve honorable mention for having each driven
the enemy from an advanced position, captured,
held and fortified the same." My regiment had
two men seriously wounded on this occasion.
August 1st and 2d remained in position. Early on
the morning of the 3d marched to the right of the
Army of the Tennessee. Late in the afternoon
124 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
crossed Utoy Creek under a heavy artillery fire,,
and advanced about three-quarters of a mile upon
the enemy, driving back his skirmishers and taking
position about 250 yards in front of the enemy's
works, sometime after dark. The night was very
dark and rain fell in quantity, yet when morning
came we had works in our front that we had no
fears of the enemy taking.
I again quote from Colonel Walker's same re
port, page 762 :
"On the 4th sent the Eighty-second Indianar
Eighty-ninth Ohio and Twenty-third Missouri,
under Colonel Hunter, to support the Second
Brigade in a reconnoissance ; took the enemy's
rifle-pits and captured about thirty prisoners."
On the 5th advanced our skirmish line and
again took the enemy's rifle-pits, captured fifty-
six prisoners out of the works ; took up an ad
vanced position, posting the Seventeenth Ohio and
Twenty-third Missouri on the right of the Second
Brigade; Thirty-first, Eighty- ninth and Ninety-
second Ohio and Eighty-second Indiana on the
left of the Third Brigade; advanced our lines a
third time to within two hundred yards of the
enemy's main line. This position has been a very
trying one, and our losses in gaining and holding
will be sure to be heavier than in any of our
former operations except Resacca. I again quote
from Colonel Walker's second report, page 763 :
" On the 7th of August the brigade remained in
its old position on the hills southeast of Utoy
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 125
Oreek, holding our advanced lines on the left of
the division as well as the right, having four regi
ments, the Thirty-first, Eighty- ninth and Xinety-
second Ohio and Eignty- second Indiana on the
left, and the Seventeenth Ohio and the Twenty-
third Missouri on the right. On the 7th I pressed
forward my line to a new position about two hun-
hred yards from the enemy's works; took up and
fortified a line from which we held the enemy close
within his lines, compelling him to keep his men
constantly covered behind his works. One hundred
men of the Eighty-second Indiana were sent for
ward to fight for the new position, whilst the
main line was advanced and the position fortified.
Almost one-fourth of this gallant little band —
twenty-two — were killed or wounded during the
day." This gallant little band was commanded
by Second-Lieutenants Michael E. Bunger, Co. F,
Joseph K. Mcllhany, Co. D, and Elisha J. Rob
inson, Co. B. Major Jolly, of the Eighty-ninth
Ohio, being officer of the day, was in charge. They
carried the rifle-pits three times before they were
able to hold them. The Fourth Kentucky on the
right, and Eighteenth Regulars on the left, failed
to carry their front. All the enemy in the pits in
front of the Eighty-second boys were captured.
The second charge the Eighteenth Regulars again
failed, which caused our men to have to fall back,
bringing more prisoners. The third charge was
successful and the rifle-pits held with a large num
ber of prisoners sent to the rear. After night the
126 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
enemy attacked our pickets, and the left wing of
the Thirty-first Ohio commenced firing and made
it so hot for the Eighty-second boys on picket that
they left their line and crawled up under the
Thirty-first's works and caused them to cease fir
ing. The men went hack to their places, except
Lieutenant Bunger ; he failed to come to the rear.
After the Thirty-first and the enemy had ceased
firing the place was so dark the Lieutenant at
tempting to reach our lines traveled in the wrong
direction and found himself so close to the enemy's
line that he concluded he was sure to be captured.
Not wishing the enemy to have his sword and
watch he hid them under a log, thinking he might,
perhaps, some day get them again. He remained
quiet until day began to break, made his reckon
ings for our lines and crawled on his hands and
knees quietly until he seen our pickets, then raised
and took to his heels running, the Johnnies giving
him a good-bye salute as he ran. By the merest
good luck he escaped uninjured.
I have not seen the Lieutenant for twenty-seven
years. If he ever got his sword or watch I have
never heard of it. These three young Lieuten
ants were exceedingly smart officers, and as brave
as the bravest, while Major Jolly, who com
manded, had no superior in the army for bravery
and zeal in executing all orders. On the 9th of
August, Ordnance Sergeant Edward E. Sluss was
engaged in taking up the arms and accoutrements
of the men killed and wounded on the 7th, when he
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 127
received a flesh wound through the calf of one of
his legs. He was sent to the hospital at Nashville,
and his father came to see him. As he would not do
for duty for some time his father succeeded in get
ting a furlough for him to return home. The ev
ening before he was to start home he wrote me a
letter, telling me of his father's presence and how
delighted he was to think he would soon he per
mitted to meet his good and noble-hearted mother
and the little sisters and brothers. I felt much
pleased in knowing he was permitted to return
home. He was a noble young man and a bosom
friend of mine. I expected a letter from him on
his arrival home but it never came. I received
notice of his death, occurring the same night he
had written me. Had the news of the death of
one of my own family reached me I could not have
felt any worse.
On the morning of the llth our brigade moved
to the right, and relieved a portion of General
Morgan's Division. This position we held until
the night of the 26th. On the morning of the
19th, before daylight, our brigade moved out of
our works on the Sandtown road about one-half
mile, and took up a position in readiness to sup
port the troops on our right if necessary ; remained
until night and returned to our works. On the
20th we made a movement as far as Wallace's
place for the same purpose; reported to General
Davis ; relieved General Morgan's Division, which
went forward on a reconnoissance as far as the
128 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
Atlanta & Montgomery railroad. At 5 P. M. we
were relieved and reported back to our position.
From the 20th to midnight of the 26th we re
mained in our. works, being constantly annoyed,
but not seriously hurt, by the enemy's artillery
and sharpshooters, a man being occasionally hit.
At 1 o'clock A. M. the 27th we quit our old works
under a heavy fire from the enemy's artillery and
moved about one mile upon the Sandtown road.
Here we halted and formed line of battle, front to
rear, to cover the movements of our trains. The
Thirty-seventh Indiana boys will remember this,
as we relieved their division, and they moved off
to our rear. The enemy were in full view. I
spoke to Colonel Ward, of the Thirty-seventh,
and he said we were sure to get into battle. As
the trains advanced we fell back, forming line of
battle upon three successive positions to cover and
protect our trains. The enemy made a very feeble
advance, feeling our skirmish line very cautiously.
The trains being safely guarded to a place of safety
within our new lines, we moved as far as Wallace's
house. At 5 P. M. we were ordered to report to
General Davis ; by his order advanced as far as
the Widow Holbrook's place, and camped for the
night in a position to protect the trains then
parked near Patterson's. On the 28th marched by
a cross-road to Mount Gillead church, remained
with the train until 10 A. M. ; were then ordered by
General Thomas to report to our division com
mander; marched with the division until near
INDIANA VOLUNTEEK INFANTRY. 129
night, when we crossed the Atlanta & Montgom
ery Railroad ; took a position about three-fourths
of a mile from Red Oak Station ; remained in po
sition on the 29th. On the 30th we marched, at
6 A. M., by Shoal Creek church ; met the enemy's
cavalry, skirmished with it about one mile, killing
one and capturing two of them ; took a strong
position. On the 31st the enemy's train was seen
at a distance passing toward Rough and Ready on
the Jonesborough road. General Baird ordered the
Seventh Indiana Battery (Captain Morgan) to
open on the train, which he did, causing much dis
order among the wagons, and driving them from
the road. In the meantime our brigade and Col
onel Mitchel's Brigade, of General Carlin's Divis
ion, moved forward under command of General
Baird ; moved as far as Rough and Ready and
Jonesborough road, meeting no enemy. We forti
fied to hold the position. The Atlanta & Ma-
con Railroad now being about two and one-
half miles to the front, General Baird ordered two
regiments to go and if possible to cut it. The
Eighty-ninth Ohio with one hundred men from the
Seventeenth Ohio was detailed from our brigade,
and the Seventy-fourth Indiana from the Second
Brigade. They went out and destroyed some of
it. The enemy's cavalry came up in such quantity
that the force fell back and sent in a report of
their situation. General Baird ordered two more
regiments sent to their assistance. The Eighty-
second Indiana and Thirty -first Ohio, under Colonel
130 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
Hunter, was ordered out. Colonel Hunter being
the ranking officer, now assumed command of the
whole force. We marched upon the railroad, driv
ing back the enemy's cavalry, capturing a few;
the four regiments formed a hollow square and
fortified. The Eighty-second built its works on
the railroad track. During the night a train came
from Atlanta, but being notified by the cavalry
that the road was occupied by troops, it returned
back to Atlanta. We held our position until morn
ing having torn up considerable of the railroad.
On the morning of September 1st we were ordered
back from the railroad and moved off on the
Jonesborough road. On arriving at a creek, two
miles north of Jonesborough, we moved in on the
left of Carlin's Division. Our whole division
turned to the left, leaving the high road to march
toward our position. As the head of our column
passed the creek one of the staff" officers, who had
been sent out in advance, came up with orders from
Genera] Davis. He directed our division to take
position in rear of an interral between Generals
Morgan's and Carlin's Divisions, through which he
was fearful the enemy would attempt to pass, and
the point on which it was desired we should form
was pointed out. Before this order could be exe
cuted we received another, directing our division
to form on General Carlin's left and prolong his
line. The engagement now became general. Our
brigade being in reserve was not actively engaged,
yet we were so close on the front line that it was
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 131
about as dangerous. Dirt, rock, slivers of rail and
bushes, together with the grape and canister, as
well as the minnie balls, filled the air with the
most deafening noise. The battle was short, but
furious. The Fourteenth Corps carried the rebel
works the full length of their line, capturing many
prisoners. Dark overtook the army and the enemy
succeeded in withdrawing under its protection.
Had there been a few hours of daylight, and the
Fourth Corps had more time to make its right
wheel, the chances are the whole rebel army here
would have been captured, unless they had been
able to cut their way through our lines, which was
hardly probable, as our lines were extremely heavy,
the line growing smaller as they concentrated
around the enemy's works. September 2d the
enemy having evacuated Jonesborough during the
night and fallen back on the Macon road, our army
pressed after them. September 3d it was announced
that Atlanta had been evacuated. Our campaign
was at an end. Commencing this campaign with
out transportation, and with supplies sufficient for
only six weeks, and compeling them to last for four
months, often the whole army was compelled to lay
in the mud and rain for days without shelter, and
wholly unable to preserve the ordinary cleanliness
which is essential to health, and many have broken
down for want of proper food. During the
greater part of the time our men laid constantly
under the enemies fire liable at any moment to be
picked off, whilst the sound, not of distant artillery
132 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY SECOND
and musketry, but of the closely whistling bullet
and bursting shell was seldom out of their ears.
Our losses in the slow operations of the rifle-pit,
the picket line, during daily and nightly skirm
ishes, as well as in the many battles, although dis
tributed over a great length of time, yet equal in
the aggregate the casualties of great battles. The
following report exhibits the total loss of our bri
gade in killed and wounded : " Commissioned
officers killed, 7 ; wounded, 15. Enlisted men
killed, 55 ; wounded, 277. Missing, 2. Total offi
cers, 22; total men, 334; aggregate 356. The
Third Division (of which the Eighty-second
formed a part), during the four months captured
908 men, including 61 officers ; 147 of these desired
to be sent to the rear and classed as deserters."
Our command returned to Atlanta and went into
camp near u White Hall," Colonel M. B. Walker,
our brigade commander leaving us. Colonel
Morton C. Hunter, of the Eighty-second Indiana,
being the ranking Colonel in the brigade, took
command of the brigade. On the 15th day of
September I was detailed as Acting-Assistant-
Adjutant-General of the brigade to succeed Cap
tain Curtis, whose resignation had beed accepted.
We were not left idle very long. Hood threw the
rebel army in our rear. The Twentieth Corps was
left at the Chattahoochee River as a guard for our
supplies, while the balance of the army followed
Hood and his army until they retreated into Ala
bama. Then the Fourth and, Twenty-third Corps,
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 133
under the command of our time-tested, gallant
commander, " Old Pap Thomas," was left to look
after Hood, while the Fourteenth, Fifteenth, Sev
enteenth and Twentieth Army Corps, under Gen
eral Sherman, made their arrangements for a trip
to the sea. During our chase after Hood the day
for the election for President of the United States
took place. The voting was done during the halt
for dinner. While the Indiana boys were allowed
a hand in all that took place before this and all
that took place afterward, on this occasion they
stood off like poor devils that had no voice in sav
ing their country, being the only troops of the
whole army who were denied the privilege of say
ing who they wished to stand at the helm and
control the sailing of the old ship to safety. I felt
then that the Generals on one side of Indiana were
as disloyal as the Generals of any we were fight
ing to control, and haven't changed my mind as
yet. Before proceeding farther, I feel it my duty
to give a brief history of our brigade and division
commanders in this campaign. It gives rne great
pleasure to do so, while I feel my store of language
is entirely insufficient to do them the justice they
so honestly deserve. General John B. Turchin
commanded our brigade during the campaign
from May 6 to July 17. While he was not a native
of this country, be became a citizen in due formr
and proved by his courage, zeal and patriotism
that no native born had more interest in the pre
servation of this country than he. He was a fine
134 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY SECOND.
disciplinarian, brave as the bravest and a man
loved by all under his command. Long may he
live with greatest enjoyment. Colonel Moses B.
Walker commanded the brigade from the 17th of
July until the fall of Atlanta. Three regiments
of the brigade, viz. : Seventeeth and Thirty-first
Ohio and Eighty-second Indiana had served under
him for some months before. I am unable to find
language to do the grand old gentlemen justice.
He was kind, noble, generous ; a fine disciplinarian,
and no braver man every presented himself in de
fense of his country. He is now well past his
three score and ten years, yet I hope he may en
joy health and live many years of usefulness and
pleasure. General Absalom Baird commanded
our division during the whole campaign ; in fact
from about the 1st of October, 1863, to the close
of the war. While we had served under several
division commanders, none created the lasting
esteem of the division as General Baird. He was
a fine disciplinarian; ever prompt in his duties, a
gentleman, a true soldier and brave to a fault.
When his division was called to desperate battle,
he was always at the front, showing the men he
was a leader, not a follower. With health and
plenty, I wish you a long and happy life.
CHAPTER IX.
THE MARCH TO THE SEA.
The forces selected by General Sherman for his
oampaign to the sea embraced the Fourteenth, Fif
teenth, Seventeenth and Twentieth Army Corps.
The Fourteenth was commanded by Brevet Major-
General Jefferson C. Davis, the Fifteenth by Ma
jor-General P. T. Austerhaus, the Seventeenth by
Brigadier-General A. S. Williams, and the Twen
tieth by Major-General F. P. Blair. They were
designated as right and left wings, the Fifteenth
and Seventeenth forming the right, arid the Four
teenth and Twentieth forming the left wing, Ma
jor-General O. 0. Howard being in command of
the right, and Major-General H. W. Slocum of the
left wing. The army contained sixty thousand
infantry, five thousand five hundred cavalry, and
sixty-five pieces of artillery, with about one thou
sand three hundred artillerymen, making a total
of sixty-six thousand and eight hundred. We
concentrated at Kingston, Georgia, on the 2d day
of November, 1864, for the purpose of making ar
rangements for the campaign, remaining in camp
until the 12th. During this time the army was
paid off, there being several months due. This
136 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY SECOND
was done to let the men with families send their
money home for their families to pass the winter
with. The railroad and telegraph was destroyed
between Chattanooga and Atlanta, after sufficient
supplies had been brought up for the advancing
army. General Thomas moved back with the
Fourth and Twenty-third Corps for arrangements
to meet Hood should he advance on him, or to fol
low him should he follow General Sherman. Ev
erything being ready our corps marched the 12th
at 8 A. M., on the Kingston and Marietta road,
passing through Cartersville, encamping near Ala-
toona. On the 13th, marched at 6:30 o'clock A. M.,
passing through Alatoona, encamping near Big
Shanty. On the 14th, marched at 6 A. M., pass
ing through Marietta, crossing the Chattahoochee
River at Turner's Ferry, encamping near the rail
road bridge. .On the 15th marched at 6 o'clock
A. M. Arriving at Atlanta passed through the
city and encamped for the night. During the
night of the 15th the light from the burning city
made our camp as light as day. Details were sent
in to check the fire. The more details the brighter
the light. S. V. W. Post, leader of our brigade
band, brought his band around to brigade head
quarters and gave us some fine music, and when
through said, "Nero made music while Rome
burned, why not Post make a little while Atlanta
burns." Had my wishes been granted he would
have had to play as long as there was anything to
burn. This fine sight filled my idea of soldiering.
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 137
The army was well sifted by this time, and every
man who started on this campaign was a soldier
in the fullest sense of the term, and could be fully
relied on for any duty assigned them. The com
manders from captains up to the general in com
mand were men amply qualified to fill their places
in any emergency. While it looked like a big
undertaking to cut loose from all communications
in the rear and start for the sea, a distance of
about three hundred miles, there was not a man
in the command but what was anxious to make
the start, never fearing the result.
On the 15th of November, 1864, the Fifteenth,
Seventeenth and Twentieth Corps started on their
lines of march, the right wing with Kilpatrick's
cavalry on the right flank through Jonesborough
and McDonough, .thence eastward and reached
Gordon on the 23d. The Twentieth Corps by
Decatur, Stone Mountain, Social Circle and Madi
son, thence southward to Milledgeville with instruc
tions to tear up the railroad from Social Circle to
Madison and burn the bridges over the Oconee
River. On the 16th the Fourteenth Corps (of
which the Eighty-second formed a part) marched
through Lythonia, Conyers, Covington, Sandtown
and Shady Dale to Milledgeville, tearing up the
railroad as we advanced. On the night of the 22d
we encamped on Howell Cobb's plantation. The
Twenty-third Missouri worked all night burning
the fences and buildings as a reward to Colonel
Quinn Morton, for insults offered him by Cobb,
(10)
138 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
when a prisoner. To a person that never seen
railroads destroyed it would be a funny sight. As
a little explanation will give the idea of how it was
done, I will state the mode. In some instances
the track was turned over the length of a regi
ment or brigade by raising gradually until on a
balance on the end of the ties, then at the word
over, one shove and away it goes. Another way is
to raise the spikes, loosening the rails from the
ties, pile the ties, fire them, and balance the rails
across the burning pile, and when the rails heat
they bend down until the ends touch the ground.
When they cool they are so crooked that they
have to be taken to the shop for straightening
before they can be used. Another way the Engi
neer Corps done, having tools for the business,
formed after the style of a cant-hook. Putting
one at each end of a rail and as many men as could
get hold of the handle bearing down (each end
working in opposite direction), this forced the
spikes out, and twisted the rail in something of
the appearance of an auger, making them entirely
useless until melted and made over. Then pile
the ties and burn them. In many instances I have
seen the rails taken up and heated on the burning
piles of ties, and when red-hot in the center four
men at each end of the rail would carry them to
a tree or telegraph post, and place the red-hot part
against the tree and walk around until meeting,
then pass and go until meeting again, then let it
drop. Our orders were to make fifteen miles per
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 139
day, and do this kind of work when along a rail
road. The 23d the right wing reached Gordon
and the left wing Milledgeville. Milledgeville was
the capital of Georgia, and one of the most God
forsaken little holes I ever seen, the highest-
toned ladies being snuff dippers. We remained
here one day. General Sherman had interposed
his army between Macon and Augusta, leaving
the enemy in doubt as to his intentions. They
had no army to offer any resistance, and the citi
zens were perfectly paralyzed. General Beaure-
guard was traveling through Georgia trying to
fire the people up to resist his advance, but to little
use, as everybody was scared to death. During
our eight days' march we had not had any enemy
but cavalry to bother us. They hardly made us
feel that we were soldiering, their show of fight
being so weak. The second move, the two wings
moved on parallel lines for Millen. General Kil-
patrick's cavalry to destroy the railroad between
Milledgeville and Augusta, and try to rescue the
prisoners at Millen. The left wing crossed the
Ocona River and moved through Sandersville and
marched eastward toward the Georgia Central
Railroad. The right wing moved from Gordon
on the railroad, tearing it up. The division to
which the Eighty-second belonged arrived at Lou
isville, Ga., and received orders to move to General
Kilpatrick's assistance, all the rebel cavalry having
attacked and being too many for him. We moved
several miles to the left and found his command
140 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
on the bank of a deep stream called Rocky Com
fort, the bridge being destroyed and the banks too-
steep for cavalry to pass over. As soon as the
First Brigade, under Gen. Morton C. Hunter, crossed
and took the front, the enemy fell back out of
gunshot. Kilpatrick's men and horses being worn
out was given until the next morning to feed and
rest up. On December 1st Kilpatrick advanced
in good style. Our brigade moved on the extreme
left flank with him for several days. During this
time we were tearing up railroad track one night,
when Cobb's militia came down from Augusta
with some artillery and bombarded us. If any
one was injured by this mob I never heard of it.
General Kilpatrick was at General Hunter's head
quarters during the time of the bombardment and
said he would give them something to do in the
morning. When morning came he formed his
command (our brigade supporting him) and
charged the rebels in their rail stockade, killing
and wounding over one hundred. The other two
brigades of our division joined us, and the whole
division moved with Kilpatrick's troops, and drove
the enemy through Waynesboro and across Buck
Head Creek. They burned the bridge in their
rear. Kilpatrick sent detachments up and down
the stream for twenty miles, burning the bridges,
and we never seen anything more of Wheeler's
command for three or four days. The left wing
and the Seventeenth Corps moved on parallel roads^.
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 141
making a feint on Augusta. Kilpatrick's com
mand was on the extreme left flank, and our di
vision marched with them as supports, all the
rebel cavalry being in his front. The Fifteenth
Corps moved to the right. Our division, with
Kilpatrick's Cavalry, took the Savannah road.
We came to a stream called Little Ebenezer River,
about thirty miles from Savannah, and found
the bridge burned. The stream was very deep
and the banks extremely high. The crossing was
only two miles from the Savannah Eiver, where
the enemy had some gunboats, which were en
gaged in shelling the crossing. While waiting for
a bridge to be completed Wheeler came up in our
rear, thinking he had caught our cavalry without
protection. He made a dash at them, they being
ordered to fall back in haste. Wheeler's com
mand came charging with a yell, our cavalry re
treating rapidly. Soon the rebels received a vol
ley from the infantry, and retreated much faster
than they had been advancing. This was the last
we saw of Wheeler on this campaign. Our bridge
being completed we cross and encamp for the
night. A short distance to the left of this cross
ing is a church called Ebenezer. A short dis
tance from its front could be plainly seen the
l>anks forming the outside lines of Fort Green,
used in the war of 1812. On the inside of the
fort stood a pine tree as much as one foot and a
half through. In the church I noticed a bible
142 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
lying on the pulpit. It had many names of sol
diers of that war. As it had been used for a record
of soldiers who were fighting for the preserva
tion of the United States, and apparently revered
on that account, I recorded my name on one of
the fly leaves, being engaged in the same kind of
duty; but don't presume my name met with as
much reverence as those which preceded mine.
From here on, until striking the main line of rebel
works, we met with but little resistance. When
nearing the enemy's main works the country was
taken up mostly with rice fields. These were
easily overflown, making the water from one to
three feet deep. This caused' much labor to pre
pare corduroy roads for the men and artillery to
pass over. On the 10th the enemy was driven to
their main works. Then the movement of the
army to form a perfect siege commenced. The
necessity for supplies compelled the right wing to
take Fort McAllister, commanding the Ogeechee
Eiver. About the time this was accomplished,
General Sherman, being on top of a rice mill
watching the movement of troops, observed a
steamer which came to give notice that the sup
ply fleet was in waiting. On our march, we being
on the extreme flank, our supply train was in
charge of the Second Division of our corps. They
not being good foragers, had used up our supplies
(as well as their own) and when we came to the
siege we were entirely destitute of rations, and the
outer country for forty miles had been foraged
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 143
clean by the rebels. The only thing we could get
to sustain life was rice, and it in the sheaf like we
tie our wheat in this part of the country. Thresh
ing machines of every description, on the rude
plan, were constructed and used for the purpose
of threshing it. Then the greatest fanning mill
found was to throw the grain and chaff into a ket
tle of water. The grain would sink to the bottom
and the chaff float on top. By pouring off and
adding more water the rice was put in shape for
cooking. Water being very plentiful, it wasn't
much labor to procure an ample supply. Our
horses ate the rice from the sheaf and appeared to
enjoy it much better than the men.
The next day after taking Fort McAllister, Gen
erals Sherman and Foster met Admiral Dahlgren
and made every arrangement for taking the city
of Savannah by force. Heavy siege guns were to
be brought up, one corps to be thrown across the
Savannah River into South Carolina, to take the
only road of the enemy's escape, the navy fleet under
Admiral Dahlgren to attack the water front, and the
army to storm the rear fortifications. General Sher
man sent in a demand for the surrender of the city
and forces ; but Hardee refused to surrender. Several
regiments from the Twentieth Corps were thrown,
across into South Carolina to develop the enemy's;
position. Hardee appeared to think this meant a
thorough siege, and during the dark and windy
night he withdrew his forces, making a successful
escape. On the next morning, December 20, 1864,
144 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
the Union forces marched in and took possession
of the city. Hardee had destroyed all the material
possible to keep the notice of his retreat from our
army. He left his guns unspiked; steamboats,
railroad stock, cotton, and large quantities of pub
lic property of value uninjured. With the excep
tion of the capture of the rebel forces, our march
to the sea was a grand and glorious victory, it
bore every evidence of the weakness of the rebel
cause, and showed to the world that men engaged
in a just cause could and would be successful in all
their undertakings. During the whole march
there wasn't enough of the enemy confronted us
to stop one division of Sherman's " Grand Army."
We left a track of desolation forty or fifty miles
wide from Atlanta to Savannah. The railroad
system of the State was destroyed for months to
come; workshops, station houses, tanks, ware
houses, mills, factories, cotton-gins and presses,
besides cotton, farm products, fences, buildings,
etc. In the language of Colonel Gleason, of the
Eighty-seventh Indiana, " We made it a howling
wilderness." This victory, with others taking
place at the same time, gave proof to the soldiers
on one side that their victory was close at hand,
while on the other side that the end was plainly
in view. The fighting qualities of the rebel soldier
had vanished. Instead of one of them being equal
to five " Yankees," they would much prefered five
on their side to one on ours, and even then I doubt
very much if they would have met with success
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 145
when it came to a battle. The people through the
country were fully ready to say, " Let us cease our
efforts in this cursed cause/' The Union army
accepted of Savannah as a great Christmas gift.
The army was soon encamped in and around the
city enjoying plenty to eat, and taking a good rest
for the next and last campaign upon which they
were to be called to march against their country's
traitors. Xow, to let the loved ones at home know
of their victory and safety, and to hear from the
dear ones at home, was the next pleasant task to
accomplish. During our march Captain Gros-
venor, of the Eighty-ninth Ohio, died. He was on
tbr: staff of Gen. Morton C. Hunter, commander
of the First Brigade, Third Division, Fourteenth
Corps. I had the pious tire of being on the same
staff, and take great pleasure in saying he was a
polished gentleman, a true patriot, and as brave
and gallant an officer as was ever in any army.
AVe had no men killed or captured in the Eighty-
second, and very few sick on the campaign. This
was decidedly the finest soldiering it was my pleas
ure to meet with during my time of service. Plenty
to eat, reasonable marching, and just fighting
enough to remind us there was an enemy in our
front. To give its proper standing I would call it
a regular " dress parade" performance from At
lanta to the sea.
CHAPTER X.
THROUGH THE CAROLINAS.
Soon after reaching the sea, General- Sherman
was ordered to move his army by sea to assist in
taking Richmond, Ya. He wrote General Grant
his preference for an overland route through the
Carolinas and come up in the rear of Richmond.
On the 27th day of January, 1865, Grant gave
orders for Sherman to move his army northward
through the Carolinas as soon as possible. By
this movement it was intended to keep the frag
ments of the rebel army in the south and west from
concentrating in heavy forces. Troops from the
Nineteenth Corps were sent to garrison Savannah
to allow General Sherman his army unbroken to
make the campaign, and should Lee evacuate
Richmond and fall back, to allow him force
enough to wipe them out. It would have been
one of the pleasures of Sherman's army to have
met Lee's troops and shown them what it was to
meet an army that didn't know what defeat was.
Accordingly, orders for a forward movement were
issued for the 15th of January. Heavy rains had
swollen the rivers and flooded the country to such
an extent that a part of the army failed to cross
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTKY. 147
into South Carolina until the 5th of February*
General Howard, with the Seventeenth Corps,
crossed from Beauford's Island, flanking the
enemy at Gordon's Corner and pursuing him to
Pocotaligo, and took possession of a fort at that
point. This movement was intended as a feint on
Charleston, to deceive the enemy as to the move
ment on Columbia, S. C., and Goldsboro, N. C.
A pontoon bridge was thrown at Savannah,
and the Union causeway repaired for the left
wing's advance. The flood having destroyed the
bridge and submerged the causeway, the left wing
was compelled to move up the river some forty
miles to Sister's Ferry to effect a crossing. A
part of the Twentieth Corps crossed at Purrys-
burg, and formed communication with General
Howard at Pocotaligo. The Fourteenth and a
part of the Fifteenth, being relieved from Garrison
duty at Savannah by Gower's Division of the Nine
teenth Corps, left Savannah on the 26th, moved
up to Sister's Ferry and crossed on the 5th. Gen.
John A. Logan, with the Fifteenth Corps, joined
General Howard at Pocotaligo.
The whole army was now ready for the cam
paign. The enemy wras making every attempt to
organize a force to meet our advancing columns,
but were at a loss as to the intended movements
of the army. Beauregard and Hardee were at
Charleston, and Bragg in North Carolina. North
Carolina being open to attack on the east coast,
General Schofield, writh the Twenty-third Corps
148 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
and other troops, threatened Charlotte, N. C.
General Sherman made disposition of his com
mand, threatening Charleston, Augusta and Co
lumbia. The enemy was at a loss to discern his
intentions. His front, right or left wings all bore
upon objects of great importance; but what was
his aim remained a mystery to them until his
movements were completed. Had they known his
intentions, he could have changed his plan and
moved on with great injury to them and with no
detriment to himself. The Fourteenth Corps,
forming the extreme left flank, made a feint on
Augusta, Ga., passing through the town of Barn-
well. The right wing, with General Sherman in
person, moved to the Salkahatchie, touching the
river at Beauford and River's bridges, flanking
Charleston. The enemy was very w^eak in force,
and General Howard had but little trouble in forc
ing a crossing, the enemy retreating to Branch-
ville. These movements caused great alarm
through the country. General Sherman's ob
jective was yet a great mystery, but his strategy
was far beyond their comprehension. Columbia
was left almost unprotected. The Fifteenth Corps
moved on the Orangeburg road ; the Seventeenth
by Holman's, crossing the Edisto River, then by
direct road to Columbia; the left wing by Barn-
well and Lexington, and destroyed the Charleston
& Augusta Railroad for several miles. The even
ing of the 12th of February my division struck
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 149
the railroad at Johnson's turnout, about twenty-
five miles from Augusta. General Hunter, being
in command of our brigade, ordered Captain Whe-
don and myself to make search for water (we being
on his staff), it being very scarce, and, if found,
report to the commanders of the regiments of his
brigade, so as to relieve the men from the labor of
hunting it up, the men being tired, having
marched all day, and were ordered to tear up rail
road after night. The Captain and I went in
obedience to orders. We divided forces, he tak
ing the right and me the left, to scour the country
back to a road some three-quarters of a mile,
there to meet and report success. After riding a
short time, hearing a noise in the rear, I looked
around and saw the Captain with eighteen other
horsemen dressed in blue coming in my rear. I
took them to be Kilpatrick's men (he being on our
flank), but soon discovered they "wasn't that kind
of cats." The outside appearance was all right,
but the inside was all wrong (not being as used to
these appearances then as I have since). I found,
to my horror, that Captain Whedon was a pris
oner, and, having promised his wife to follow him
through thick and thin, and die with him if neces
sary, I concluded to go along and look after
his welfare, and thus became a prisoner with
him. We traveled some thirty miles that
night to flank our army and get to their camp.
Before going in to report, they halted us in a dark
hollow, built a fire and traded with us until from
150 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
outward appearances we looked like tolerably
onery Johnnies. When they called for Cap's
watch I had to laugh, not from joy at Cap's loss,
but to see how he took the demand. The watch
was a present to him, and he thought so much of
it no money could have bought it. He took the
watch from his pocket and commenced looking at
it, his breath coming very hard. Finally he broke
forth, saying: "I will tell you what I can do,
Sergeant ; I can whip any d — n son of a b — in
your command whether I keep this watch." The
banter wasn't accepted, but the watch was. We
were finally turned over to the provost guards, our
quarters being in a field alongside of a burning
log. Lieutenant Oliver, of Kilpatrick's staff, with
two Orderlies, were lying asleep. They had the
appearance of Johnnies, as they, too, had been
trading with the rebels. We asked the guards
who they were. On being informed, we concluded
to see how they felt. The Lieutenant having a
jacket on, and being a robust young man, displayed
a fine set of hips. Cap walked up and gave him
a friendly slap with his hand, representing a blister
powder. The Lieutenant was up in a flash look
ing Cap square in the face, exclaiming: "What
do you mean, you d — n rebel son of a b — ?" Cap
commenced laughing, and replied : " Fresh fish."
The Lieutenant extended his hand and gave him
a good friendly shake. We had a good chat. In
the morning we started for Augusta, arriving there
after night, and were placed in a stockade. Next
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 151
day Cap found the Lieutenant in charge, who was
a member of the I. 0. 0. F., and the brother took
him and myself out to get a drink. For this favor
the Lieutenant was relieved from duty and sent to
his command, and Cap, Lieutenants Oliver, Ohara
and myself were sent to the fourth story of the
Augusta jail, where we remained for eleven days
and nights. Getting hold of a city paper we
noticed the agreement between the commissioners
of exchange (Ould and Mulford), as to treatment
of prisoners. They were not to be kept in any
confinement except regular military prisons. Get
ting some writing material we addressed the Gen
eral (Fry) in cammand of the post, calling his at
tention to the order, and requested him to see it
complied with. He ordered us to Andersonville.
But being posted on the angle of the square, I
struck the Lieutenant in whose charge we were
placed, and he answered me satisfactory. He said
his orders were for Andersonville, but thought he
could have us stopped at Macon, as the keeper of
the prison there was a man of the square also.
We were placed in the hospital at Macon (although
none of us were sick) and remained there one
month. Then we had the pleasure of boarding at
the Hotel de Andersonville better than two weeks.
General Wilson's Cavalry reminded the rebs that
they were looking after our interests, and we were
run out for Macon. Wilson having cut off the
retreat in that direction, we were taken back
through Andersonville to Albany. From there
152 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
we took it on foot to Thomasville, sixty milesr
thence by rail to Lake City, Florida, where we
remained several days. General Sam Jones (Con
federate) called on us, giving us the news of Pres
ident Lincoln's assassination and the surrender of
General Lee's army, and said the bottom of the
Confederacy had dropped out. The pleasant news
of the war being over made but little feeling in the
hearts of the soldiers when they heard of the death
of our noble-hearted President, Abraham Lincoln.
The morning of the 28th of April we were put
aboard the cars and run down to Baldwin, within
twenty miles of Jacksonville, where our forces
held possession. As bad off as the men were the
most of them footed it through by night. We
were received in grand style by our forces. Al
though only absent from the sight of our flag, the
" Star Spangled Banner," two months and sixteen
days, I thought it the prettiest thing I ever saw.
We had one man in our squad that was captured
at the first battle of Bull Run. From some cause
he had been missed in the different exchanges, and
had served in nearly every prison the rebels had.
The last squad that was ever in Andersonville, I
was one of the number — thirty-five hundred. Of
this number there were but thirteen officers. The
officers remained only a few days and went to Hil
ton Head to get transportation toward home ; we
remained at Hilton Head about one week. During
our stay there we took a trip to Charleston to take
a look at Forts Sumpter and Moultrie, and spent
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 153
a day in the city seeing the grand effect of our
artillery practice on the place. We could find
but one fault with the work, i. e., we would have
been glad to have stood on the bank and looked
down in a bottomless chasm, with the knowl
edge that there laid buried the hot-bed of high
treason. On our return to Hilton Head we took
vessel for Annapolis, Maryland, making a safe but
not over-pleasant trip, remained there four days,
starting for my home, arriving safely. If the his
tory of my prison life interests the reader as little as
it did me while undergoing it, they will be as glad
to finish its perusal as I was to finish my term of
prison life. Not being with the grand old regi
ment on the balance of its journey to the close of
the war, I am indebted to my brother, Gen. Mor
ton C. Hunter, and the official records for the his
tory of its marchings and actions to its return to
Indianapolis and muster out. After making a
strong demonstration against Augusta, General
Slocum marched his command to the Saluda River
above Colombia, forming a connection with Gen
eral Howard. The movement of our army had
caused the evacuation of Charleston, South Caro
lina, and drove General Cheatham, with the rem
nant of Hood's army, north of our prospective line
of march. By the same strategy, General Sher
man proposed to reach Goldsboro. This move
ment was of greater danger than his former ones.
The garrisons of Augusta, Charleston and Colum
bia could be united with Western and Atlantic
(ii)
154 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
coast forces, making it dangerous to divide his
forces as heretofore. Gen. Joseph E. Johnston
having again taken command of the rebel forces,
made it more dangerous, as it was conceded he was
the best General in the Confederate cause. Gen
eral Sherman, knowing his abilities, was prepared
to meet him, and knowing the lay of the country
did not furnish the natural advantages that Gen
eral Johnston had on his Atlanta campaign, and
feeling that the demoralized condition of the troops
with which he had to contend, he had no fears of
carrying out his plans. Johnston's army was infe
rior to General Sherman's in every particular ; it
lacked in numbers, and being composed of frag
ments badly demoralized from the effect of late
engagements, and knowing they were to meet the
army which had driven them from their natural
strong positions from Chattanooga to Atlanta, and
a part of them feeling that they had been badly
whipped by a part of the army only, which they
contended with on the Atlanta campaign. John
ston knew he had to contend with the man that
maneuvered the army and took Atlanta, left but
little hope of ever stopping the grand army on its
forward movement. His only hope was to strike
unsupported columns and defeat our army in de
tail. General Sherman was well aware that this
was his only hope, and guarded against giving such
opportunities. The Fourteenth and Twentieth
Corps, under General Slocum, made a movement
threatening Charlotte, North Carolina, to create
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 155
the impression he would strike that point on his
way to Virginia, while his real ohject was Golds-
boro, crossing the Saluda Elver at Mount Zion
Church on the 17th and Broad Kiver, at Freshley's
Mills, on the 19th, arriving at Winsboro on the 21st,
destroying many miles of railroad on either side
of Alton. On the 20th the right wing, with Gen
eral Sherman, left Columbia moving to Winsboro
destroying the railroad between the two points.
A great portion of Columbia was destroyed by
fire, by whose order remains a matter of
controversy. Here the wings again separated,
the left wing moving northward a short dis
tance, turned eastward, crossing the Catawba
Kiver, advancing to Sneedsboro. The cav
alry on its left moved toward Charlotte, thence
to Sneedsboro. The right wing advanced to
Cheraw, entering it on March 2cl. The enemy made
a weak resistance. The forces from the West
under Cheatham were directed to Charlotte, with
the impression it was the objective point, the two
wings crossing the Peedee River at Sneedsboro
and Cheraw. On the 9th of March General
Hampton surprised one of Kilpatrick's brigades
and gained advantage over his entire command,
Kilpatrick making his escape on foot. The enemy
stopped to plunder his camps, giving him time to
rally his troops and retake his camps and hold the
enemy at bay. On the llth the Fourteenth and
156 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
Seventeenth Corps met at Fayetteville and skir
mished with Hampton's Cavalry. Hardee with
drew across Cape Fear River, burning the bridge.
It was expected that Hardee would make a stand
here, but he abandoned the place without resist
ance, leaving large quantities of public property,,
among which was an immense arsenal. Here Gen
eral Sherman received notice of the fall of Wil
mington. He sent orders to Generals Schofield
and Terry to move on Goldsboro. The march
through South Carolina left a track fifty miles
wide that bore evidence that the army felt it was
doing it justice for its initiative in bringing on the
war. It surely met with nothing but justice, unless
one house was left unburned by the gallant army
as it advanced through a worse place than the "black
hole of Calcutta." As many important places had
been lost to the rebel cause without much show of
resistance, it had left their army none the less in
troops. General Johnston having concentrated
his army and received several thousand from the
west, made arrangements to meet General Sherman
between Goldsboro and Fayetteville. While his
army did not contain as many men as General
Sherman's, yet he had sufficient to meet, with
some show of resistance, either wing or smaller
quantity. Their cavalry was greatly superior to ours
in numbers. Their infantry and artillery were
formidable enough to cause General Sherman to
move his army with precaution as to support in
case of attack. In a letter to General Schofield, of
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 157
March 12th, he said that " General Johnston might
•concentrate at Raleigh forty or fifty thousand
men ;" but said, u I can whip that number with my
present force. With yours and Terry's added, we
<^an go wherever we can live." Sherman's move
ments from Fayetteville gave evidence of his
former strategy. He moved four divisions of in
fantry and his cavalry toward Raleigh, following
with four more divisions from the left wing, send
ing the trains with the remaining four divisions
farther to the east. The cavalry advanced on the
direct Averysboro road, making a feint on Ra
leigh, striking the railroad at Smithfield. Two di
visions of the left wing moved with their trains to
Fashion Station on the Wilmington & Goldsboro
Railroad, General Sherman accompanying the left
wing. On account of heavy rains the roads were
compelled to be corduroyed in order to pass the
artillery. On the 15th General Kilpatrick skir
mished the rear guard of Hardee, capturing some
prisoners. On the 16th General Slocurn advanced
his command to near Averysboro, finding General
Hardee intrenched on a narrow strip of swamp land
between Cape Fear and South Rivers, guarding the
Beritonville and Goldsboro roads leading to Ra
leigh. This was the first resistance worthy of
note north of Savannah, and intended to give
General Johnston time to prepare for stronger
opposition farther north. The idea was that
he would make a stand and give battle at
either Raleigh, Smithfield or Goldsboro. Let this
158 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
be as it would, Sherman required the dislodgement
of Hardee. General Slocum was ordered to attack.
He advanced the Twentieth Corps and developed
the enemy's position. Owing to the softness of
the ground -it was very difficult to move an army,
especially artillery. Direct attack was quite peril
ous. One brigade was thrown on the left of the
rebel line, routing a brigade from their works, who
fell back to a stronger position. General Davis,
with two divisions of the Fourteenth Corps, joined
the advancing line. The whole line now advanced,
pushing the enemy into their works. The attack
was so determined that Hardee took advantage of
the dark night and retreated. Our loss was eighty
killed and four hundred and eighty wounded. The
Eighty-second did her part in this gallant attack.
The enemy left one hundred and seventy-eight
killed, one hundred and seventy-five captured, and
three pieces of artillery. Their wounded being
removed the number was not known. Hardee re
treated toward Smithfield ; General Slocum crossed
South River and advanced on the Goldsboro road ;
General Sherman continued with the left wing.
On the nightfof the 18th encamped within twenty
miles of Goldsboro. The right wing reached Lee'&
Store, placing the two wings in supporting dis
tance, in case of an emergency. General Sherman
had been expecting an attack on his left flank, but
had now made up his mind that the enemy had
fallen back to Smithfleld. The two columns were
ordered to move upon Goldsboro, General Howard,.
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 159
with the right wing, to move on road by Falling
Creek Church, and General Slocnm, with the left
wing, on the main road. Carlin's Division of the
Fourteenth Corps, in advance of the left flank,
started on the road to Goldsboro, when they soon
met a division of rebel cavalry. From their strong
resistance it was judged they had support, or had
gained some of their old-time Confederate courage.
Carlin's orders being to press the enemy, he en
gaged them heavily. The heavy roar of artillery
soon gave notice that the battle was on. General
Johnston was expecting to crush the Fourteenth
Corps, which was a big undertaking. As the re
sistance became more stubborn, more troops were
brought into action. Two divisions now being in
line, they were ordered to press the enemy and
develop their position and strength. A deserter
coming in, who formerly belonged to the Union
army, gave General Slocum the intelligence that
Johnston's whole army was massed in his front.
This statement being supported by developments,
General Slocum prepared for defense. He made
disposition of his forces and sent a message to
General Sherman, notifying him that he had met.
Johnston's whole army in full force. He ordered
General Williams to throw his train to the right,,
gather his forces and hasten to the support of
General Davis. General Hardee's retreat from
Averysboro led to the belief that the road to
Goldsboro was clear. He changed his direction
160 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
and made a detour and joined the rest of the Con
federate forces near Bentonville. From appear
ances Johnston's success was assured. Two divis
ions of the Fourteenth Corps were in his front,
two more divisions were a few miles away, and the
right wing, intended for their support, was far to
the right in rapid motion for Goldsboro. The
idea was to defeat these four divisions in detail
and destroy the trains ; then they would have
some chance of contending against the balance
of the army, or maneuver to catch them in de
tail. The plan failed, for the reason that the
two first divisions to be annihilated were the
Fourteenth Corps. To do that corps up would
require quite an army, as well as considerable
time, which the rebels found to be true on
many occasions before. These two divisions held
their own and punished the rebels severely. Two
divisions of the Twentieth Corps came to their
assistance, and through the failure of Bragg, liar-
dee, Lee and Cheatham to man their troops, and
the fighting qualities of these four divisions against
Johnston's whole army, the enemy had all they
could do to maintain their own. The other two
divisions of the Fourteenth and Twentieth Corps
marched to the scene of action and took position
for an attack. The right wing came up and joined
the right flank of the left. Generals Schofield and
Terry arrived in supporting distance. During the
night Johnston crossed the Neuse Eiver, destroying
the bridge and made a safe retreat, leaving his
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 161
pickets to fall into our hands ; also his wounded.
General Slocum's loss was nine officers and one
hundred and forty-five men killed, fifty-one officers
and eight hundred and sixteen men wounded. He
captured three hundred and thirty-three, and
buried one hundred and sixty-seven of the enemy.
General Howard's total loss was three hundred
and ninety-nine. The order for concentration at
Goldsboro was carried out. General Sherman
went to meet General Grant to confer as to final
operations. Sherman made a new organization
of the combined armies, General Schofield to com
mand the "Center." His old force (Fifteenth and
Seventeenth Corps) the right wing, retaining its
designation, "Army of the Tennessee," and the
Fourteenth and Twentieth Corps designated as
the "Army of Georgia," as the left wing. This left
the Eighty-second a part of the First Brigade, Third
Division, Fourteenth Corps, Army of Georgia.
The impression was that Lee and Johnston's
armies would unite ; but let that be as it might.
General Sherman was to move against Johnston's
command, and then move north and co-operate
with General Grant. Lee surrendered his army
on April 9th, 1865. On the 10th Sherman's armies
moved toward Raleigh against the remaining
Confederate army east of the Mississippi River.
Johnston knew full well he was unable to meet the
" Grand Old Army" marching against him, but to
keep up appearances of fixing for battle he fell
back as Sherman advanced, his aim being to avoid
162 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
an engagement and procure as good terms as pos
sible in the surrender of his army. General Sher
man was marching on the enemy to give the final
blow. On the 14th he received a note from John
ston which opened negotiations for the surrender of
the Confederate forces under his command, as well
as all the Confederate forces under arms. The
Government disapproved of his actions. The
truce ended on the 24th. Two days later there
was a second conference, which resulted in the
surrender of all the forces of the Confederacy east
of the Chattahoochee River. General Sherman
issued orders announcing the cessation of hostili
ties, and made provisions for the relief of the
people. Generals Howard and Slocum were di
rected to move their armies through Eichmond,
Virginia, to Washington City. The war was now
virtually at an end. For six months before the
fall came, no man with common sense could for a
moment believe there was more than a shadow
of hope of its success. The leaders fearing their
necks would pay the debt of high treason, sought
the ignorance of the file to prolong their existance.
Seeing the end was near, had they been men
of true courage, and had the interest of the
people at stake which they were claiming to
represent, they would have surrendered like men,
and said, do with me as you deem just, but
spare the poor fellows we have led into wrong.
This would have been honorable, and would have
saved many lives and millions of dollars worth of
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 163
property. I may be wrong in my views, but am
conscientious in my belief, that no man who took
the oath to divide the United States and establish
a Southern Confederacy, is worthy of being trusted
to assist in dictating laws to govern this " Grand
old Government," handed down to us through the
hands of that great and good man, George Wash
ington. The long boasted Southern cause col
lapsed with such suddenness as to cause great
wonder; but, upon examination, the last ditch was
empty. Even Jefferson Davis, its vaunted leader,
disguised in crinoline and female skirts, was
stealthily endeavoring to escape the judgment of
the conquerors, and he thought to preserve the
life which he had so often boasted should not sur
vive the fall of his (treasonable efforts) grand
promises and lofty aspirations. His cowardly
heart was a fit symbol of the cause for which he
and the leaders of the South had committed treason
to accomplish. His descent from power was sud
den, and should have shown to the deluded masses
of poor whites that the men who forced them in
the battle's front were only brave so long as an
army stood between them and the advancing
forces. The overthrow of the rebellion was caused
by a variety of causes; mal-administration being
one of the greatest, lack of soldiers being another.
The need of soldiers not only failed by conscription,
but by desertion. Army supplies were secured by
despotic restraint. The ruling cause of the war by
the South was insurrection, not true revolution.
164 HISTORY OP THE EIGHTY SECOND.
Revolution is by the masses ; insurrection by a few
who presume to dictate. There isn't a shadow of
doubt but what the masses were against disrupt
ing the Government at the outset. Had a few
paid the penalty of treason, all would have been
well to-day.
CHAPTER XI.
THE HOMEWARD MARCH.
The army started from Raleigh, N. C., for Wash
ington, D. C., each corps taking different roads.
The Fourteenth Corps, of which the Eighty-second
formed a part, took the extreme left, being the
longest route to Richmond, Va. The corps com
manders each insisted that their corps was the
best marcher, and the race began. While the
Fourteenth had the longest route, yet they made the
trip several hours in the lead. They averaged about
thirty-two miles per day. General Sherman went
to Washington to make arrangements for the re
ception of his arm}\ On the arrival of the army
at Richmond they were encamped on the opposite
side of the river, with orders for none to pass over
into the city. The guards posted to prevent any
one crossing were white-collar-and-glove gents
who never saw an enemy unless sent to the rear
after being captured. The sutlers came over and
made the appearance of a tented city. The men
stood this for a day or two, when they organized
and drove the white-collar-and-glove gents from
their side of the river. As to the sutlers, they met
with such a going through that they, too, became
166 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
scarce. On General Sherman's return to his com
mand he was so indignant about the way his army
had been treated that, on their march for Washing
ton, he totally disregarded Halleck's order to
move the army by his headquarters on review,
but took another street and passed through
the city and on to near Washington, where
they were encamped, and made every prep
aration for the grand review and the move
ment home for final discharge. Kever before or
since has Washington City seen such military dis
play or such an immense crowd of people to wit
ness it. The soldiers of different States, having
served so long together performing the duties nec
essary to save the country, were now about to bid
each other adieu, perhaps never to meet again.
The time finally came for the old Eighty-second to
march for Indianapolis, there to receive their final
discharge and separate for their homes. Twenty-
eight years have now elapsed since we bid each
other adieu and started for our homes to meet the
dear ones which many had not seen for near three
years. Since our muster out many have answered
the last roll-call and passed beyond the river where
but few more years will find the last of the gallant
band of patriots. Then the cry of " army pauper,"
" coffee cooler," etc., will only be heard in rebel
history or through the sons and daughters of the
old traitors dead and gone. We have, comrades,
after the lapse of thirty years, found who has been
the soldier's friend as well as his worst enemy.
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 167
Comrades, in performing the duty as your histo
rian, I feel that the history is not as brilliant as
others could perhaps have made it, yet hope it
may prove satisfactory. I have tried to do the
grand, old regiment justice, and have kept in view
that the truth is always best. Many who served
with us in other regiments passed through what
we have, and will perhaps peruse our history and
can say it is no fabrication, but true.
CHAPTER XII.
FINAL EXPLANATION.
In writing the history of the regiment I have
confined myself to service performed without any
endeavor to place it ahove other commands in the
army. I know many touching incidents have es
caped my memory. For the safety of the army
much hard service was necessarily performed by
all regiments with us, which I deem unnecessary
to say anything about. It is evident that the his
tory would have been more interesting reading
had the movements of the whole army been given
in time of action. Yet I have intended writing
the history of the Eighty-second Indiana without-
drawing on the whole army to make my history
appear lengthy. On campaigns where strategy of
movement was more prominent than battles, I felt
compelled to give the movements of the whole
army as there could be but little of interest to nar
rate in writing of one regiment. Then again it
would look as though I claimed my regiment did
all the work by itself, were I to say it marched
by certain roads, crossed certain rivers, took certain
towns, etc. In fact I find it no small task to write
the history of a regiment after twenty-eight years
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 169
having elapsed since its muster out from the ser
vice. Of course I could have made it look much
hetter had I deviated from the truth, and claimed
for it more than it ever did. Our losses were not
as heavy as some other regiments; we perhaps
never did as hard marching and other duties as
others, yet that is no fault of the rank or file of
the command. They served near three years faith
fully and honestly, always at the front, faced the
enemy when ordered, and, with one exception,
never gave up a position unless ordered to do so.
At the battle of Chickamauga we were compelled
to give back on the morning of the 20th of Sep
tember, but took a second position, which proved
to be the "key point," held it until the gallant old
Ninth Ohio came to our assistance, followed soon
by other gallant troops, and then held it until the
safety of the army was secured, then gave it up
under orders. There was no braver regiment in
the United States service than the Ninth Ohio. Its
gallant Colonel, Kammerling, had no superior in
the army for courage and discipline, and the state
ment made by them as to the service of the
Eighty-second Indiana at the battle of Chicka
mauga is sufficient evidence of its staying quali
ties in time of hottest conflict with the enemy.
Many brave and true regiments were compelled to
give ground on that occasion, but when reformed
in a new position met the enemy and dealt them
death and destruction by their courage. I have
(12)
170 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND.
written our division commander, and brigade com
manders, also several officers of different regiments
brigaded with us, asking them to give their state
ments of the standing of the regiment as to per
forming duties of good soldiers, and herewith pre
sent their statements. Gen. Morton C. Hunter,
our brigade commander from September, 1864, to
the close of the war, was the only Colonel the
Eighty-second ever had, and of course he could and
would give the regiment a high recommendation,
but, deeming that unnecessary, I rest contented
with the statement of others under whom we
served, and with those who served with us. I have
endeavored to obtain from the line officers a state
ment of killed, wounded and captured, to show
what the regiment suffered in battle, but have
been unable to receive any reply from most of
them. I know the Adjutant General's report
don't show any wounded unless they died or were
discharged from the effect. As the time is now so
short (intending to have the history ready by the
time of the G. A. R. Encampment, at Indianapolis,
in September) I am compelled to have the printing
done, but am exceedingly sorry I am unable to
give the men credit for wounds and prison service.
The official reports give the regiment credit with
about 200 wounded.
There is one thing all soldiers should remember,
For surely it can never be forgot,
That it is their first and last duty
To always vote, and act, just as they shot.
CHAPTER XIII.
RECOMMENDATIONS.
Letter from Gen. Absalom Baird, our division
commander from October, 1863, to the close of
the war :
WASHINGTON, D. C., March 24, 1893.
Capt. Alf. Gr. Hunter, Versailles, 2nd. :
MY DEAR SIR — I have just received your letter
of the 18th inst. telling me that you have already
commenced writing a history of the Eighty-second
Indiana Volunteers. I am very glad to hear this,
as the regiment has a record inferior to none, and
deserves that its gallant deeds should be recorded.
While under my command it never failed to per
form every service required in a manner alike
honorable to itself, and to the State of Indiana
which sent so many splendid regiments into the
field, and to the military service of the country.
I have just received a fine history of the Seventy-
fifth Indiana, and I wish every regiment had its
story as well recorded.
Very Respectfully,
A. BAIRD,
Brevet Major- General, Late Commander Third Di
vision, Fourteenth Corps.
172 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
Letter from John B. Turchin, our brigade com
mander from October, 1863, to August, 1864:
RADOM, WASHINGTON COUNTY, ILLINOIS, )
July 18, 1893. j
To Whom it May Concern :
The Eighty-second Indiana Infantry Volunteers
were added, with a few Ohio regiments, to my
brigade at the time of the re-organization of the
Army of the Cumberland, at Chattanooga, in 1863.
My brigade was denominated as the First Brigade
of Third Division (General Baird, commanding),
Fourteenth Army Corps. The Eighty- second par
ticipated in the Brown's Ferry expedition, and
Missionary Ridge battle, while at Chattanooga,
and at Resacca, and many other skirmishes and
engagements during the Atlanta campaign, as far
as Chattahoochee River (within six miles of
Atlanta), when, on account of sickness, I was
obliged to leave the brigade. During the above
time, and under my command, the Eighty-second
Indiana attended strictly to duty, ready to carry
out orders, steady under fire, and reliable in emer
gencies. It behaved gallantly during the assault
of Mission Ridge, and was noticed in other en
gagements as a body of brave men and devoted
patriots.
JOHN B. TURCHIN,
Late Brigadier- General United States Volunteers.
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 173
Letter from Colonel Moses B. Walker, our bri
gade commander one year :
KENTON, OHIO, March 20, 1893.
Alf. G. Hunter, Late Adft Eighty-second I. V. I.:
DEAR COMRADE — Yours of the 18th is before me.
Of your regiment (Eighty-second) I have the most
pleasant recollections and highest esteem. During
the time I had the honor to command the old First
Brigade I had no more reliable regiment. Prompt,
steady and brave ; though often tried in extreme
dangers, the regiment never failed in duty. Of the
officers I have the most pleasant recollections. As
officers they were gentlemen, and as gentlemen
they could scarcely fail to be good officers. I could
say nothing in praise of the field and staff of the
regiment which would not be merited. To those
of them who are living please carry my kindest
regards. Let the dangers we passed together and
the privations we suffered bind us to each other
as comrades and brothers.
Yours very truly,
M. B. WALKER,
Colonel U. S. A.
174 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
Letter from John W. Free, late Major of the
Thirty-first Ohio Veteran Volunteer Infantry,
which was brigaded with us from the latter part
of September, 1862, to the close of the war;
LEXINGTON, OHIO, June 2, 1893.
Friend Alf. Gr. Hunter, Late Adft Eighty -second
Indiana Volunteers :
MY DEAR SIR — Write up and put in shape all
the good things that can be said for the Eighty-
second Indiana. No braver men ever faced the
foe ; no more patient men ever endured the tire
some marches we made. You can not say too
much for me in their favor. I served in the same
brigade with you from September, 1861, to Janu
ary, 1865 ; was then compelled to leave the service
on account of injuries received, and must say the
Eighty-second Indiana never failed to do all duties
assigned it in a brave and soldierly manner.
Yours truly,
JOHN W. FREE,
Late Major Thirty-first Ohio Vet. Vol. Infty.
Letter from J. B. Foraker, ex-Governor of
Ohio, and late Captain in the Eighty-ninth Ohio
Volunteer Infantry, which was in the same bri
gade from October 9, 1863, to the close of the war:
CINCINNATI, 0., July 5, 1893.
I served in the same brigade with the Eighty-
second Indiana Regiment from October, 1863, until
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 175
the end of the war. I had good opportunity to
learn the character of the regiment and to know
what it accomplished. It is, therefore, from per
sonal knowledge that I speak when I say, without
qualification, that there was no braver or more
gallant regiment in the Union army. The Eighty-
second was always ready for any service and could
always be depended upon to faithfully discharge
any duty J. B. FORAKER.
Letter from John S. Cameron, late Adjutant
Thirty-eight Ohio, V. Y. I., which regiment served
in the same brigade with us for one year :
EASTPORT, OHIO, April 10, 1893.
Adjt. A. G. Hunter, Versailles, Ind. :
DEAR SIR AND COMRADE — I am in receipt of your
recent communication, and in reply thereto take
pleasure in saying that my thoughts often wander
back to those " by-gone days" when the Eighty-
second Indiana Volunteers and Thirty-eighth Ohio
Volunteers were brigaded together and encamped
upon the sunny fields of Dixie. I can yet hear
the stentorian voice of Morton C. Hunter (Colonel)
calling "Eighty-second Indiana fall in!" A call
they were not slow to obey. And whether the cal?
was to the fatigueing march or to deadly conflict
it was always obeyed with alacrity and enthusiasm.
And although its record may not be as bloody as
some regiments can show, it always wrell and faith
fully performed the duties which the vicissitudes
176 HISTORY OF THE EIGHTY-SECOND
of war assigned it. The " make-up" of the regi
ment — both officers and privates — I always con
sidered as first class ; men who knew just how to
meet a friend or foe. Is Colonel Hunter still liv
ing? I shall always cherish the most kindly and
brotherly feeling for my old comrades of the
Eighty-second Indiana ; they possessed the neces
sary staying qualities that fit men for the perform
ance of duties, and that alone should be enough
to endear one soldier to another. Hoping you
success in your work, I am
Very truly yours in F. C. and L.
JOHN S. CAMERON,
Late Adjt. Thirty-eighth 0. V. V. L
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY.
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NAME AND RANK.
Hunter, Joseph . .
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Warren, Henry M .
WAGONER.
Stearns, Joseph C . .
PRIVATES.
Baker, Daniel . . .
Beeman, George M ,
Beeman, Henry C
Bolton, William . .
Brooks, William . ,
Canfield, Charles . ,
Couchman, John S ,
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ckamauga Sept. 20, 1862
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Fee, Marcellus ....
SERGEANTS.
Allensworth, John C. .
Bunger, Michael E . .
Wilson, William M . .
Farrington, Vincent. .
CORPORALS.
Harrell, John P. . .
Campbell, Robert H. .
Dinsmore, Joseph . . .
Fairly, John H .
Robertson, Samuel . .
Crabb, Wilson H . . .
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY.
223
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ied at home Dec. 16, 1862.
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issing at Chickamauga Sept. 20, 1863.
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ied at Triune, Term., Mar. 3, 1863.
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ied at Chattanooga, Tenn., Feb. 29, 1864, oJ
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ied at Murfreesboro, Tenn., Feb. 13, 1863.
ied Mar. 8, 1864; wounds received at Mission
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Buayer, Samuel. .
Bowman, John I -
Branson, James H
Bakston, Andrew D
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Collins, William .
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INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY.
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RECRUITS.
Brand, George C . .
Brand, William F. .
Graham, Samuel D
Green, Jessee.
Grigsby, Samuel O .
Hutchinson, Robert .
Hildreth, George
Hutchinson, Samuel.
Hutchinson, Joseph
Judkins, Lorenzo L ,
INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY.
255
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McCain, Warren T
Mitchell, William
Parton, William T
Saint, Daniel . . .
Tibbeits, Edward J
Truman, Stej)hen (
Tibbetts, James X.
Walton, Merritt. .
Walton, Abraham.
UN ASSIGNED EECBT
Elsberry, Richard
Gavitt, Charles . .
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