Full text of "Illustrated Buffalo: the queen city of the lakes"

2§^Sr*

ILI^USTKATED BUFFALO:

T[iE Qgeen Gity of the Lakes.

PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE

r ^ OWTH. ITS RESOURCES. ITS COMMERCE, ITS MANUFACTURES
ITS FINANCIAL INTERESTS. ITS PUBLIC INSTI-
TUTIONS. AND ITS PROSPECTS.

HISTORICAL DESC^PTION BY

GEORGE M^'bAILEY,

AUTHOR OF "TEN YHARS IN BUFFALO." EDITOR "BUFFALO REAL ESTATE NEWS," FORMERLY OF
LOCAL STAFF "BUFFALO MORNING EXPRESS," ETC.

1890.

PUBLISHED BY
ACME PUBLISHING AND ENGRAVING CO.,

TEMPLE COURT,
NEW YORK.

GiiO. il. BAILEV.

The descriptive matter of this book was written by Mr. Bailey, author
of" Ten Years in Buffalo," editor "Buffalo Real Estate News," formerly
of local staff "'Buffalo Morning Express," etc., etc., and is the best and
most authentic ever published.

INTRODUCTORY.

[I IK publication of tliis volume was undertakeu to present a general view of the resources and
industries, tlie material wealth, the moral elevation and the social conditions of Buffalo —
the famed Queen City of tiie Lakes. And not only has it been the endeavor of the pub-
lishers to render the work an abstract and brief chronicle of the time, but likewise to give
sdiiic ;ic.nunt of the city's historical importance; her advantage of location; her plan of city govern-
ment; her churches and schools; literary and social life, together with compendium and statistics
illustrating the growth and extent of her commercial and mannfacturing interests. The statistics
he'-ein collected, compiled, digested and tabulated have been obtained by conscientious inquiry and
from reliable reports. Without the aid of business men, manufacturers and others, by giving clear and
candid statements of the facts in their possession, and known in most cases only to the individual, the
compilation of such a work— even as imperfectly as this has been done, would have been impossible.
From these and other favors from various quarters, whether solicited or volunteered, the publishers
make grateful acknowledgment. The illustrations which accompany are believed to add to its interest
and permanent value. The subjects of them were selected solely because they were characteristic, and
without any reference to private interests. Among them are included sketches of the leading thorough-
fares, public buildings, and several representative manufacturing establishments. The enterprise and
hearty co-operation of many of Buffalo's leading business men have made possible the publication and
general distril)ution of the book. It is intended as an advertisement only in the broad sense that every
publication setting forth the actual conditions of a prosperous and public spirited community is such.
Necessarily to a volume of the size to which this must be restricted, it is impossible to set forth in
detail all the business establishments comprehended in a general view of the prosperity of the city. In
the following pages it lias rather been attempted to give the reader nnacquainted with the resources
and industries of Buffalo some idea of their rnn'c/j/ as well as their extent. It is shown that historical
and geographical causes have conduced no little to this versatility of Buffalo enterprise, as well as to
that measure of success which has attended it. The future pro.spects of the Queen City of the Lakes
■depend largely and hopefully upon the quickening of a new public spirit, which has been manifested in
a comparatively long period. This has found expression in the movement which led to the organization
of the Merchant's Exchange, and the spirit of co-operation therein manifested. But it had its fore-
shadowiiigs in the individual enterprise displayed by one firm or single merchant or manufacturer and
then by another; and finally communicated from one to another until sluggishness gave way to that
enterprise, and conservation yielded to that progress which have indelibly stamped the Queen City of
the Lakes one of the most powerful throughout the length and breadth of the Union. With this our
■siilutary bow to the Buffalo public, we close these few prefatory remarks, and beg to respectfully sub-
scribe ourselves, anticipating the leniency of an indulgent public for all errors of commission or
omission.

THE PUBLISHERS.

New York. 1890.

GENERAL INDEX.

Acme Mining Co., E. B. Hill, Agent 132

Adams & Co., Boarding & Livery Stables 18.')

Alberger, F. J., Caterer 231

Albreclit, Louis, .Meals, Lards, etc 185

Alderman, F. N., Druggist and Chemist 232

AUenbrandt, Ed . Marble and Granite 180

American Exchange Bank 101

Andrews, J. M. , Horse Furnishings 97

Anthony, J. L., & Son. Forwarders 212

Apothecary, The, J. L. C. Cronyn Prop 209

Argus. John., Groceries, Dry Goods, Boots and Shoes 179
Argus, Franlc, Hardware and House Furnishing

Goods 183

.\rstill, A., Children's Shoes 173

Atkins, Rob't F., Undertaker 139

Auerbach, Olto. Millinery Goods 198

.\very, J. T.. Wood Turning of every description. ... 188

B.\cii. P.. Stationer, etc 320

Baines, Broths., Beef, Mutton, Pork 153

Baker & Lockwood, Household Goods, Carpets, etc. 209

Bank of Buffalo, The 102

Barber Asphalt Paving Co.. Tlic 122

Barnes, J. PL, Groceries and Provisions 185

Barth & Knobloch, Bookbinders 169

Bartlett & Scars, Hard and Soft Coal 133

Bartlett, Frazier & Co., Grain Commission 172

Batterson & Co., Commission Merchants 175

Barutt, .lohn. Dry Goods, Notions, etc 179

Baynes, Win., Street Cleaning Contractor 151

Baxter, R. U., Druggist and Chemist 154

Becker, Conrad <fc Sou. Groceries, Flour, etc 192

Bell, Lewis & Yates Coal Mining Co., The 125

Bell, J., Meats 1~5

Belsey, Wm., Florist 189

Benson's Art and Stationery Rooms 131

Bergtold, Louis, Cigars 133

Bernhard, M. J. , Manuf'r of Beer and Lunch Coolers,

and Saloon Fixtures 94

Besser, Ernest & Bro., Books and Stationery 147

Bidwell & Barrowman, Wall Paper, Window Shades,

Mouldings, etc 180

Bidwell, D. D., Real Estate and Insurance 85

Billings, W. F., Ladies' Straw Hats 155

Bissing, F. J., Real Estate and Insurance. . . 125

BUickncy, L. R. & Co., Druggists 194

Blake Dumping- Wagon Works. The 149

Blakcslee, Harvey D., Horse Clothing, Saddlery, etc. 143

Blakeslee, F. R. & Co., Harness, etc 213

Blanding, D., Gents' Furnishing Goods 164

Bliss, Broths., Photographers 189

Bloedel, .1., Groceries, Provisions, etc 203

Blue, R. & Co., Cattle, Hogs and Sheep 169

Boechut, Frank P., Real Estate, Ins., and Loans 142

Bon & Fluviot, Wine Merchants 219

Bookser, R. C, .lewelry, Musical Instruments, etc... 202

Borchard, W. F. , Meats, Lard, etc 1 55

Borget, W. H., Drugs, etc 193

Bork, Chas. J., Fire Insurance, and Prop, of Attica

Mills 101

Bork, Wm. H., Bookbinder and Envelope Manuf'r.. Ill

Bowers, J. F., Grocer 173

Boysen, Henry C. , Boots and Shoes 198

Braiuard House, The 146, 216

Brandel, Chas. P., Real Estate, Loans, etc 143

Brennan, Wm., Commission Merchant and Grocer.... 171

Brenuisen, F. A Son, Produce and Commission 217

Brigham. F. J., Fancy Goods and Novelties 195

Broezel, Hotel 108

Brown & Co., Vessel and lus. Agents 130

Brunei-, Wra., Money Broker 151

Brunswick. Balke & Collender Co., The, Manuf'rs of

Billiard and Pool Tables, etc 150

Brush Electric Light Co., The 115

Biichheit, C. J., Real Estate and Insurance 122

Buell, Fred, Real Estate and Fire Ins £03

Buffalo Brass and Iron Bedstead Co 131

Buffalo Trycicle Co., The 124

Buffalo Ice Co 200

Buffalo Cloak and Suit Manuf'g Co 125

Buffalo Fish Co 120

Buffalo Engineering Co., Engineers and Contractors.. 197

Buffalo Electric Light and Power Co 228

Buffalo Pie Bakery 159

Buffalo Electric Co 193

Buffalo Granolithic Paving Co., The 143

Buffalo Sewer Pipe Co 224

Buffalo Produce Exchange 123

Buffalo Cast-Iron Pipe Co 145

Buffalo & Medina Cut Stone Co 145

Buffalo Rubber Co 227

Buffalo Rubber & Type Foundry 21 2

GENERAL INDEX.

Buffalo Shirt Co 332

Buffalo Vulcanite and Asphalt Paviug Co 102

Buffalo Specialty Manuf g Co 106

Buffalo Staiued Glass Works 203

Buffalo Book Bindery 229

Buffalo Artificial Limb Co 149, 216

Buffalo Hat Mauuf'g Co 112

Buffalo Belting Works, R. Hoffield & Co., Prop's 89

Buffalo Steam Forge, Locomotive and Car Axles 217

Burkhardt Bros., Real Estate 192

Burt, F. N., Printer 333

Buxton, E. J., Florist 334

Campbell, James A. , General Insurance ... 131

Carlton Hotel, The, Crowley & Smyth, Proprs 97

Oarroll, N. A., Liquors 133

Gary Safe Co., The. Limited US

Caton Business College Co., The 105

Chamberliu, It., Patent Attorney 177

Chamot, C. P., Boots and Shoes 173

Chandler, H., Engraver 21.5

Chase, W. H , Pharmacist 331

Chicago Beef Depot 193

Chubbuck, S. L., White Sewing Machines 143

Citizens' Gas Company, The 314

Citizens' Bank of Buffalo 91

Claris, John T., Dr., Veterinary Hospital 87

Clark & Patridge, Prop's Queen City Planing Mill. . . 232

Clement & Conover, Real Estate and Insurance 97

Clinton Street Tea Store, The 334

Coatsworth & Eddy, Plumbers, etc 120

Cold Spring Meat Meat Market 214

Colwell, H. S. & Co., Real Estate and Insurance 309

Comet Cycle Co 145

Commercial Oil Co., A. B. Clayson, Manager 130

Conroy, Kate, Employment Agency and Boarding

House 234

Conschafter, L., Undertaker and Embalmer 185

Contractor's Plant Mauuf'g Co, The 130

Cooper & Hallock, Horses 156

Cooper Paper Box Works 218

Cornelius Broth's, Hardware, Paints, Copper, Tin,

Plumbing, etc 217

Cosack & Co., Lithographers 236

Coulson, Wm., Druggist 176

Crandall, A. B. & Co., Horses and Mules HI

Crandall House, The, A. B. Crandall, Prop 90, 216

Crescent Steam Laundry 205, 216

Crowley Bros., Undertakers and Embalmers 310

Cunningham, P. R., Real Estate, Loans, and Insur-
ance 124

Cutter, Wm. B., Real Estate, etc 98

Cutting & DeLaney, Wood Workers 225

Danforth & Clauk. Steam Engineers 176

Dannheimet. John, Bakery and Confectioner 166

Davey, Marsden, Surveyor and Engineer 218

Deakers, L., Painter and Decorator 184

Dean, F. B., Stables 188

Debus, Aug., Groceries and Provi.sions 213

DeCeu, F. M., Real Estate, Loans and Ins 130

Delahunt, £., Real Estate 221

Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad Co 93

Dennis Chas. A., Bicycles 139

Denton & Cottier, Pianos and Organs 105

Devlin, John, Meats.: 172

Dickenherr, Martin, Church Altars, Pulpits, etc 153

Dickinson, T. V., Jeweler 137

Dickinson, T. & E., Diamonds and Jewelry 170

Diebolt Bros. , Groceries and Fruits 137

Diebolt, Chas. S., Boots, Shoes, and Rubbei-s 193

Dikeman, Geo. H., Manufacturers' Agent 206

Dobinson, W. A., Hardware, etc 159

Doebert, Louis, Presses, Moulds, Cutters, etc 195

Doettrel, J. F., Hosiery, Laces, etc 189

Doll, J. F. &Co., Cycles 170

Doll & Ger.st, Real Estate and Ins 182

Domedion, F. W., Real Estate and Ins 145

Domedion, Andrew, Barber Supplies 184

Donaldson, O. G. & D. H., Stoves and Repairs 186

Dopp, H. Wm. & Son, Soap Makers' and Butchers'

Machinery 106

Dorn, F. J., Jeweler 302

Drake, J. R., Solicitor of Patents 137

Drill, J. M., Coal, Iron. Lumber 105

Driscoll & Fletcher, Printers' Machinists 168

Duncan, Elmer L.. Real Estate and Ins 172

Dunham, J. F., Groceries, Provisions, etc 192

Dunning & Stevens, Com. Salesmen in Cattle, Sheep

and Hogs 197

Dwyer, Edward, Chemist and Druggist 164

East Buffalo Stock Yards, L. B. Crocker, Mangr. 118

East Buffalo Live Stock Exchange 196

Eaton, Henry, Real Estate Agent and Broker 140

Eberhardt & Garuett, Merchant Tailors 314

Eby, P., Bounty and Pension Att'y HO

Eckard, Mrs. & Son, Greenhouse 153

Eckhardt, Jacob, Coffee Roaster 224

Eckhert. John, Real Estate and Insurance. 228

Eclipse Installment Goods 189

Edwards & Lee, Jewelers and Silversmiths 148

Ehrenreich, Anthony E., Hardware, Coal Oil, etc. . . . 170

Eichner's East Bakery 167

Eiss, Clark E., Real Estate and Ins 131

Elberson Broth's, Break, Cake and Pies 16a

Elias, G. & Brothers, Timber & Lumber 201

Elsaesser, Adam, Art Store 157

Elsheimer, Geo., Sign Painter 153,216

Emery, W. F. & Co., Shoes 176

Empire Brewing Co 156

Eude, L. F., Photographer 176

Englehardt, Geo., Wagons, Horseshoeing, etc 147

English, Wm. M., Lumber 183

Equitable Life Assurance Society, The 231

Erbes, Philip, Wall Paper, Painter, etc 161

Erie Medical Co 126

Erie County Savings Bank 117

Exstein & Co., Men's Furnishing Goods 233

Fatrbairn & Landes, Printers and Publishers 163

Farmers' and Mechanics' Bank 99

GENERAL INDEX.

Farw.ll, II. 1)., Uiidirlakur V.U

Fi'liliimn, Geo., Uiulerlnker 18»

Fenick, Win., Moals iiuii Poiilliy 161

FieUl, A. 11.. Hat and Hoiiiit'l Frames 176

Fiscus, Julius, Dry Goods, Notions, etc 178

Fischer. .loliii L., Groceries luid Provisions 189

Fi.scher, P., Crockery, Glass, and Silverware 185

Fisber & Koru, Carriages, Sleighs, etc l'>7

Fisher Bros. & Co., Props, of Genesee and City Mall

Houses '-•"

Fiske, F. \V., Jr., Insurance 233

Fleming, Emmet, Lumber 210

Foell, Louis, Groceries and Provisions 200

Folinsbee, H. D., Heal Estate Broker 106

Forsyth, R., & Son, Boots, Shoes, and Rubbers 146

Fo.\ Optical Co l'^)8

Frierl Conrad, .Jr.. Dry Goods, etc 2;i0

Fries & Co., Brass Foundei-s 113

Fuchs Brothers, Wines and Groceries 217

Fuller & Ripley, Real Estate and Insurance 14!)

G.\iL, J. H., Produce Commission Merchant 2();i

Gammcl, Fred.. Stoves, Ranges, etc 199

Gunihee, Jas., Wholesale Grocer 210

Gardner, David, Vienna Bakery 169

Gardner. W. A., & Co., Real Estate 22.5

Garono, Louis, Hardware and House Furnishing

Goods 146

Gavin, Joseph E., Coal and Coke 147

Gay & Mil.son, Engineers' Supplies 154

Gebhard, A. F., Paper, Card Board, and Printers' Sup-
plies 180

Gelz, Geo.. Crackers, Ginger Snaps, etc 191

Gerking. Fred. W.. Cigai-s 166

German American Steam Laundry 100

German-American Land Office 129

German Rock Asphalt and Cement Co 110

Genesee Planing Jlill Co., The 186

Genesee Street Auction House 188

Gentsch, B. F.. & Sous, Mustards and Pickles 191

Gisel. Wm., Harness, Trunks, etc 178

Glauber & Hunkemoeller, Grocers 158

Globe Tea Co. (The), Braun & Weisz, Props 207

Goodyear. F. H.. & C. W., Lumber, Coal, and Iron. . 98

Goodyear Rubber Co 117

Gorges, Wm. P., Undertaker 104

Graham, Bailey & Co.. Mfrs. Graham Pipe Wrenches. 129

Grahling, Jacob, Provisions, Teas, Coffees, etc 141

Grand Trunk Rjiil way of Canada 227

Graves. S. L., & Co.. Paper Hangings, Mouldings, etc. 123

Great Western Fire Clay Co 209

Griffin. John W., Sanitary Engineer and Gas Fitter. . 19.5

Grist & Walkinshaw. Real Estate and Insurance 90

Grover, R. B., & Co , Fine Shoes l.W

Guske, Morris, Tailor 184

Habeustro. J. F. , Real Estate and Insurance 134

Hack, G., Boots and Shoes 223

Haefner, A., Engravings, Picture Frames, etc 158

Hainz. F., Millinery 172

Hall, E. F., & Co., Photographers . 219

Hall. N'alhaniel, it Son, Insurance 1-m

Hall, J. N.. Groceries 148

Hallauer, C. Poultry, Butter, Eggs, etc 139

Hamilton, John, Millinery and Fancy Goods, etc 129

Hammond, J. 1.. Sales Stable 214

Uanrahan, A., Groceries, Provisions, Wines, Li<iuors,

etc 20(.

Hans, John, Boots and Shoes 175

Ilarlwell, W. G., Real Estate 135

Harvey Brothers. Flour and Grain 149

Hasselbach, A., Meats and Groceries 149

Hauenslein. J., Grocer 176

Ilauser's Great Cash Store, Teas, Spices, etc 181

Hawks Book Store, The 122

Haynes, Warren M., Groceries and Provisions 180

Hazard, E. C, & Co., Wines, Liquors and Cigars 207

Healy, P., & M., Millers' Agents 219

Hedge, Geo. F., & Son, Pianos 187

Heiuold & Rodebaugh, Shippers of Grain and Feed. . 174

Heinricb, S. G.. Tobacco and Cigars 150

Ileiser, Wm., Machinist 154

Heitmueller, Henry, Insurance Agent, and Coal and

Wood 92

Hellriegel Bros., Sausage Manfs 190

Hemmeus, Jr., Marcus, Groceries, Provisions, Coal

and Wood 183

Henrich, Wm., & Son, Contractors and Builders 209

Hepp, John, Fresh, Salt and Smoked Meats 155

Herbold, Julius J., Carriages, Wagons and Sleighs.. . 179

Herbst, M., Tailor 184

Herold, Edward, Meals 189

Herold, Geo., Meats 234

Ilerr, Charles, Stables 221

Hertle, Chas. O.. Jeweler 166

Hess & Nobles, Real Estate and Instinince 182

Hicks. Wra. H.. Book and Job Printing 164

Hinckley, M. G., Grocer 164

Hoff, W. B., Pharmacist '210

Hoffman, .John, Baker 175

Hoffman, Geo.. Meals 209

Hoffman, Val. , Oysters and Clams 141

Hofheins, Geo. F., Groceries, etc 234

Holden's Steam Laundry 182

Hood Bros., Confectioners 146

Horn, Frank, Grocer 234

Hosmcr, Eli T., Pharmacist 157

Hotel Bioczel, B. L. Sheldon & Son, Props 108

House. G, Organs 175

Howley, E. A., Boots, Shoes, and Rubbers 23;j

Hucker, H. V., Insurance 22!

Hub, James I)., Saddlery, Hardwar(; 198

Hubbard, A. G., Pharmacist 127

Hull & Sweeney, Lumber 221

Iluine & Sanford, Real Estate and Insurance Agents. 109

Hume & Choale, Real Estate 177

Humphrey, Richard, Coal, Wood. Flour, Feed, etc ... 20k
Hunt, L. , & Son, Vessel Brokerage and Marine Insur-
ance 180

Hurley, Daniel. Real Estate 231

Hurley & Stygall, Plumbers and Steam Fitters 207

Iliister, B., Flour, Feed, and Groceries, etc 234

GENERAL INDEX.

Ii,i,iG, F. J., Copper, Tin and Sheet Iiou 136

International Copying Co 167

International Horse Exchange (The), Brown & Smith,

Props 330

Irish, George. Paper Dealer 135

Irish & English Furniture, Carpets and Bedding 108

Iroquois Pharmacy 22r)

Isham, J. H., Jeweler, and Bicycles 233

James, H. H., Diamond and Watch Specialist 108

Janke, Henry, Merchant Tailor 207

Jewett, J. H., Shoes 228

Jocoy, J. D., Groceries, Feed, Hay, Straw, etc 107

Johnson, T. M., Pharmacist 234

Johnson, W. H. , & Co. , Paper Hangings 215

Johnson & Wilkens, Undertakers 283

Jones, F. P., & Co., Electrical Supplies, etc 215

Jones, W. D., Flour, Feed, Grain, Hay, etc 194

Juengling, F. W., Notions, Stationery, Cigars, etc... 190

Kaiser, F. H., Millinery 232

Kamman, C. H., & H. A., Meats and Lards 191

Kellner, Frank, Baker and Confectioner 166

Kelly, E. Henri, Science, Art, etc 151

Kempff, August, Groceries, Provisions, Flour, etc... 202
Kerr, Lewis, & Co. , Grain and Live Stock Brokers. . . 306

Kibler, Charles, Groceries 114

Kiekebush, Otto, Cigars, etc 180

King Spring Co. (The), Springs & Gears 219

King, B. H., & Son, Jewelers 158

King, J., Carriage Manfr 231

Kingston, Thomas, Coal, Wood, Hay, Oats, etc 163

Kingston, E. A., Pharmacist 190

Kinne, V. P., Men's Outfitter 118

Kinney, .Tireh, Diamonds, Watches, etc 230

Kirchmyer, L. P., Trunks and Travelling Goods 158

Kirst, Frank A., Tailor 190

Klaus & Bork, Plauing Mill and Lumber Yard 215

Klein, E., & Co., Dry Goods, Cloaks, Shawls 235

Klinck.C.Pork Packer, and Dressed Beef 126

Knobloch, Phil., Boots. Shoes, Dry Goods, etc 165

Knox, S. H., 5 and 10 cent Goods, etc 157

Kobler, A., Boots and Shoes 231

Koehler, Joseph, Baker and Confectioner 165

Kraft, Henry, Copper, Tin, Cutlery, etc 181

Kraft, F. J. , Undertaker 152

Kranichfeld & Brenner, Plumbers, etc 95

Krehl, C. J., Dry Goods, Notions, etc 156

Kreiuheder & Flierl, Builders and Contractors 115

Krull, L. A., Musical Instruments 313

Kurtz, Gus E., Importing Tailor 112

Lake Erie Boiler Works 193

Lake & Co. , House Furnishers 179

Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railroad 113

Lamy, Chas. , Groceries 233

Lang's Gerhard Park Brewery 120, 121

Langner, John D., & Bro., Groceries, Feed, Hay, etc. Ill

Lathrop, G. A., Laundry Supply Depot 210

Lederer, F. J., Printing and Embossing 116

Lee, Holland & Co., Manfrs. of Doors, Sash, Mould-
ings, etc 197

Lee, Mai tin, & Co., Jewelers 131

Leible, Geo. J., Fine Shoes 184

Leo, M., & George L. Ritt, Real Estate and Insurance 140

Lexington Pharmacy 232 ■

Line's New Shoe Store, J. S. Benson, Manager 239

Lippett & Elmslie, Crayons, Portraits, etc 120

Litho-Engraving Co. (The) 147

Little, H. H., Architect 132

Little, Dr. E., Chemist and Druggist 171

Little, McDonald, & Co., Contracting and Consulting

Electrical Engineers, etc 94

Lockie Bros., Pharmacists 215

Lockwood & Ough, Stationers 138

Loebig, Michael, & Son, Stoves, Tinware, etc 200

Loewer & Sieber, Lock Manfrs. and Bell Hangers 229

Loh, F. C, Fresh and Salt Meats 142

Loton, J., Cabinet and Upholsterer 175

Long. T. J., & Co., Hay, Straw, Oats, Feed, etc 205

Looney, J. M., Lawyer 187

Lovell Manuf. Co., W. H. Markham, Manager 158

Lutz, J., Groceries and Provisions 233

Lutz, George J., Window Shades, Wall Paper, etc. . . 193
Lux, J. L., & Co., Hatters and Furnishers 211

Machwirth Bros., Galvanized Iron, Tin and Slate

Roofs, etc 92

Mahaney, D., & Son, Grocers 218

Mahouey, T. J., Real E.state and Insurance 143

Manhardt, F. P., Printing, Binding, etc 175

Manufacturers' and Traders' Bank 95

Marine Bank of Bufialo 98

Martin, J., Park Stables 100

Mason, Mme. E. M. , Millinery 157

Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Co. (The) 109

Mayer, Chas., Milk Dealer and Stock Farm 181

McArthur & Co. , Niagara Pharmacy 167

McCann, Robt.. Auctioneer, Real Estate Agent 220

McCray, Dr. G. W., Druggist and Chemist 125

McCue, Edward J., Groceries 171

McGrath & Bisgood, Spring Beds, Mattresses, etc 204

McKeown, Tho.s., Coal and Wood 312

McKinnon Dash and Hardware Co 204

McLaughlin, J. T., Real Estate 98

McLean Brothers, Dry Goods, etc 139

McMichael, H. R., D. D. S 157

McNaughton & Bapst, Contractors 169

McNeil & Kurtz, Lumber, Coal and Iron 173

McNeil, Henry, Coal and Wood 234

McNiven. W. R., Broker in Grain, Provisions, etc... 213

Meadville, Pa., Distilling Co 187

Melville, John, Manfr. of Harness 133

Menge, F. A., Roofing, Stoves, and Tinware 230

Merritt, Jas. M., Wines and Liquors 201

Mertens, J. H., Boots, Shoes, Rubbers 185

Mesmer, Jacob, Tin, Copper and Sheet Iron 165

Mesmer. .John. Boarding and Livery Stables 174

Messersmith, H., Carpets and House-furnishing Goods 107

Metzgar, D. Edward, Architect 154

Metzger, Jacob, Merchant Tailor 203

Metropolitan Life Insurance Co 99

Methot, E., Feather Dyer and Dresser 229

G E N H H A I. INDEX.

Mfver. Ci. K., Boot8, Shoes, iiml Uubbeis i'Si

MifliM-, C, Huts, t^aps. etc IVri

Miller, J. N., Pliiirmucist 159

Miller, J. A., Carriages, elf 229

Mills, Dr., Store of Rational Medicines 208

Mitchell, Mark, Groceries and Provisions 170

Moeller House, Kobt. Moeller, Prop 99

Jloeller's, C. . Son, Groceries and Provisions 176

Moershfelder, N., Barbers' Supplies aud Cutlery 170

Montgomery, H. 51., Wall Paper aud Window Shades 177

Mooney, Jos., & Bro., Real Estate and Insurance 214

Moore. W. Boweu, Pension and Claim Att'y 168

Moore. J. S., Insurance Ageut 107

Moore & Hubbard Drug Co 144

More. G. E., Hatter and Furrier 160

Morley & Catliu, Enameled Lettei-s. etc 234

Mossmau, J. A., Commercial Agent Wabash liail-

road Co 230

Mueller. Peter J., Fresh and Salt Meats 162

Music Hall Restaurant 148

Mutual Life Insurance Co. of New York (The) 169

N.vnoN.vL Cash Registek, Chas. M. Proctor, Agent. 101

Nassoy Bros., Livery and Boarding Stables 166

Xason & Hay, Wood, Slate and file Mantels, etc 116

Neu, Henry, Hats, Caps, etc 193

Newell, Edward, Domestic Sewing Machines 204

Newhall, D. E., Grain Commission ISn

Newman. George E., China, Glass, Crockery 112

New York Central & Hudson River Railroad 114

New York, Lake Erie and AVestern Railroad 85

New Live Stock E.vchange, East Buffalo 196

Niagara Hotel. H. F. Roesser, Manager 128

Niagara Tannery, G. F. Zeller & Sons, Props 100

Nicklis & Joues. Importing Tailors 177

Noeller, Louis, Furniture 170

Nolan. M. R., Beef, Mutton, etc 152

North Buffalo Shingle Factory 229

North & Vedder, Insurance 132

Nuse, F. P., Diamonds, Watches and Silverware 92

O.^KS, J. A., Caterer. . 207

Oatman, Leroy S., & Co., Produce and Commission.. 142

O'Brian & Sons, Jlerchant Tailors 165

O'Briau, John, Real Estate and Insurance 160

O'Brien, T. J.. Commission 194

O'Brien, W. S., Apothecary 172

Oishei, A. J. , Law and Real Estate 138

O'Rourke, T., Boots, etc 223

Otis. H. H. Bookseller and Stationer 230

Otto, John, <fc Son. Real Estate, etc 160

< )«'ens & Peck, Caterers and Confectioner 219

P.vLACE Me.\t Market 133

Palace Stable, W. J. Hovey. Prop 110

Paleu & Read. Groceries and Meats 161

Palmer (The). Photograph Gallery 213

Parade House (The). "Schwabl Bros.. Props 211

Pardee. J. H., Slanager International Collection Co.. 176

Patterson & McWatty , Millinery 148

Patten Bros., Grain Shippers 190

Paul, A. W. , Real Estate 13:i

Paul, Erail.C, Architi.'Ct and Supt 161

Pauly , Jacob, Coal and Wood 108

Penfold, C. C., Jewelry, Badges, etc 225

Peoples' Jlutual Live Stock InsuranceCo. (The) lOH

Peoples' Bank (The) 97

Perry & Stevens, Interior Decorators, etc 187

Pfeffer Bros.. Children Carriages, Picture Frames, etc. 191
Pfeiffer & Windsor Bros. , Commission Dealers in Live

Stock 119

Phillips, P. H. , & Co. , Dry Goods, etc 165

Pickelmau, S., Jr., Florist 282

Pierson, F. F., Pipe and Fittings, etc 208

Pleuthner, Adam, Watches, (;iocks, etc 173

Plumb. Burdicl & Barnard, Nuts and Bolts 126

Pollard, A. C, Flour, Feed, Hay, etc 231

Pollock, Jos. M., Jeweller 162

Potter, W. W., Stencil Cutter and Rubber Stamp 231

Mauuf r 138

Pratt, Geo. L., Broker 161

Pratt & Co., Graiu Merchants 187

Prentice, W. H., House Furnishing 228

Pridmore, Howard, Confectioner 184

Progress iu Art 164

Propster, M. J., Harness and Horse Furnishings 183

Prussniaiui, H, Watchmaker and Jeweler 222

QuKKN City Stea.m Laundky 150

Queen City Rag Co 160

Queen City Cleaning and Dyeing Establishment 142

Queen City Stencil and Stamp Works 152

Queen City Hide House 178

Queen City Wire Works 123

Queen City Shirt Co 113

Ransom & McDowei,!., Commission Merchants, Cattle,

Sheep, and Hogs 220

Ranch, A.C., Paper Hangings, Shades, etc 190

Rayner, A. J. , Hats. Caps and Furs 124

Rea & Powell, Commission Merchants 150

Read, O. C, Investment Securities 104

Read. Alex., Lumber 214

Reeb, M. A., Building Materials 205

Reicbell & Scheuueman, Pattern Makers 170

Reichert, L. P., Hardware, Stoves, etc 169

Reimainu, Geo., Druggist 205

Reimainn , Jacob, Builder and Contractor 168

Ren wick, R. C, Plumber and Gas Fitter 222

Reppenhagcn, JMartin, Groceries, etc 221

Retel, Dr. M., Pharmacist 192

Rice, F. H.. Wagons and Sleighs 167

Rice, Edward R., Rubber Boots and Shoes 144

Ricker, Geo. A. , Civil Engineer 228

Rief el. A., Wall Paper 155

Rieman, F. J., & D. F., Jr., Wagons, Carriages, etc.. 205

Riemaun Bros., Stoves, Hardware, etc 200

Riexinger, Adam, Groceries, Provisions 222

Ripper The, Clothier, Hatter aud Furnisher 195

Robinson & Dick, Confectioners 163

Roch, E. A., Painter and Decorator 207

Rodney, Frank W., Funeral Director 182

GENERAL INDEX,

Rodney, Jay P., Fmnishina; Undertaker

Roedtke Bros. , Coal and Wood

Roehmer, A. J., Real Estate

Rogers, S. C & Co., Manufs. of Book Binders' Ma-
chinery, Saw Files and Gummers

Homer. A. E., Druggist and Apothecary

Root, Francis. Mfr. of John Root's Bitters

Rose, W. W , Merchandise Broker

Ross, J. H., Cement, Plaster, etc

Ro.sendale, J. W., Beef, Mutton, Pork ,

Roth, Edward C, & Co., Fire Insurance

Rother, J. C, Artist

Rueling, Henry, Contractor and Builder

Ruge, E. W., & Co., Boots, Shoes, and Rubbers

Ruppersberg, C. P., Fancy Furs

Rushbridge, C, Plating. Galvanizing, etc

Russell & Walson, Copper, Tin, Sheet Iron, etc

Rydstrom, Oscar, Pharmacist

Rykert, C. W. ; Photographer

103

Sannen, a. J.. Grocer ^00

Scatcherd & Son. Wood and Lumber 130

Schack, "Wey, Bicycles 221

Scbaefer& Bro., Malsters 306

SchaurotU & Wohlers, Boots and Shoes 156

Scheikenberger, J., Grocer 222

Schell, C. F. , Stoves, Ranges, etc 194

Scheu, Wm. , Flour, Feed, Corn, etc 178

Scherbarth, Chas. , Sample and Pool Room 150

Scherer, S. J., Photographer 230

Schirra, C. , & Son, Merchant Tailors 103

Schilling, Theo., Hats, Caps, and Furnishing Goods. . 183

Schmidt, Henry, Carriages, Wagons, etc 161

Schneider, M., Doors, Sash, Blinds, Moulding, etc. . . 233

Schneider, James. Merchant Tailor 167

Schwinn, F. R,, Umbrellas, Parasols, etc '222

Schoell, A., & Bros., Fancy and Staple Groceries.

Seitz, Chas., Groceries, Wines, Liquors

Seitz, Valentine, Boots and Shoes »»

Shamp, G. W., Patterns and Models '220

Shanley, T. A., Insurance 233

Shaw, J., Beef, Sheep and Calves 220

Shepard, Sidney, & Co., Props, of Buffalo Stamping

Works 107

Sheriff, Geo., Meats, etc 234

Shipraan, C. D., Shoes 188

Shufeldt Bros., Flavoring Extracts 154

Sickles, Geo. H., Jr., Real Estate and Loaning 173

Sikes Chair Co., Manuf. of Chairs 199

Sikes, F. G., & G. R., Engineers and Surveyors 173

Slocuui & Manning, Agents Fidelity and Casualty Co. 134

Slocum, W. H., Law Stenographer 128

Smith's Drug Store 184

Smith, C. C, Jeweler 334

Smith, C. C, Portraits 224

Smith, Harry, Hats. Caps and Furs 229

Smith, H. J., Groceries and Fruits, etc 163

Smith, H. F., Coal and Wood 226

Smith, Henry E., & Co. , Shippers of Coal 110

Smith, John D., Carton Ftirnace, Chandeliers, etc... . 103
Smith, John E., & Sons, Patentees and Manufacturers 174

Smith, G. W., Lumber Co 119

Smith, Wm. F., Coal, Wood, Flour, Feed, etc 179

Soergel, J. G., Meats

Spann & Chandler, Grain and Commission Merchants.. 110

Spaven, Thomas, & Geo., Commission Merchants 144

Speyser, T., & Co., Undertakers and Embalmers 197

Spitzmiller & Sons, Hardware 194

Springfels Manuf. Co. (The), Plush and Jlorocco

Cases, Jewelers' Trays, etc 136

Sroka, A. W., Tailor 159

Stacey, Bement. Donaldson & Sedwick, Commission

Salesmen of Cattle. Hogs, and Sheep 119

Sladerman & Fo.'C. Pianos 136

Staley, T. B., Fine Shoes 140

Standard Oyster Co 152

Standard Cycle Co 140

Standard Trunk Co 162

Standard Life and .Accident Insurance Co. (The), of

Detroit, Mich 127

Standart, J. C, & Son, Pharmacists 208

Stark & Nolen, Tents, Awnings, etc 144

Star Oil Company 151

Stanch, J. A., Stock Broker 160

Steger, Alois, Tailor 127

Steinmann & Weinheimer, Plumbing and Gas Fitting 195

Sleinhauser, Simon, Groceries and Provisions, etc 197

Stetter, John, Grocer 200

Stickney, D. J., Coal 222

Stock Exchange Hotel 159

Story & Fox Show Card and Label Printing Co., Gen-
eral Finishers to the Lithographing and Printing

Trade, etc 86

Strum. C, Brass Founder 142

Stryker, M. L., Groceries and Meats 164

Sturm, Fred. J., Jr., Meats 202

Stumm, Jacob, Trunks and Traveling Bags 163

Sullivan, Timothy, & Co , Lumber 227

Sutton, Geo., Book and Job Printer 102

Swope, Hughes. Waltz &Benstead, Commission Sales-
men, Cattle, Hogs, and Sheep 212

Taft, O. a.. Photo- Artist

Talbot, Thos. L., Chemist and Druggist

Thebaud, C. A., & Son, Livery and Boarding Stable.

Thing, S. B, & Co., Boots Shoes, and Rubbers

Thomas, J. H., Boots and Shoes

Thomas & Walker, Real Estate

Thompson, E. H., Watches. Clocks, etc

Thorne& Angell, Real Estate

Thulmau, J. A., Printing

Tifft, G. W„ Sons, & Co., Engines, Boilers, etc

Tifft House

Tilma, John, Pharmacist

Tilden, J. H., Builder and Contractor

Tindle. Thos., & Co., Cooperage Stock

Tiphaine. V. L., Wines and Cigars

Towns. H. A., Coal and Wood

Trautman, G. E., Meats

Tucker, H. C.,«& Co., Bankers

Tucker & Butts, Photographers' Supplies

Turner, Chas. M., Boarding, Livery and Sale Stable.

G b N b R A L INDEX.

Ullknuuicii, J. H.. Scifiililic Upiiciim V.iH

Union lircwfiy 87

Union Land Exclmugc (The) 88

Uppor & Donovun, Coal and Wood 220

Urban & Co.. Props, of Urban Rolling .Mill, ulc 90

Ulley, C. H.. Pianos 134

V.vNDKNVouvEK, E., Plate and Window Cilass 224

Vandcrsclier Bros., Slables 204

Vanderbergh. F. P., Chemist . 144

Victor Manuf. Co., Engineers, Millwrights, etc 90

Voss. Wm. C, Prop., Voss House 171

W\oSEU, M.KTT., Cigars, Tobacco, SnnlT, etc 141

Wiilbridge & Co., Hardware 103

Walker, W. H., & Co., Boots and Shoes 211

Walker & Thomas. Real Estate and Insurance 132

Walkam, Dohn &, Fisher, Planing Mill and Lumber. . 213

Walsh Bros. . Liquor Dealere 199

Walsh, Patrick, Groceries, Provisions, etc 212

Wanuop John, Plumber 148

W.ird, J. A., Paper Bo.\es 103

Ward, Charles F.. Architect and Superintendent 112

Warner, A. L., Real Estate and Insurance 133

Washington Life Insurance Co. (The), of New York.. 200

Watson, B. F., & Co., Real Estate Brokers 137

Watson, Wm. U.. Jeweler 133

Waters & Seymour, Commission Merchants 108

Webb, M. J.. Wagons & Carriages 174

Weed & Co. , General Hardware 100

Weeks' Sc-ile Works 171

Wegener, E. W., Groceries and ProvLsions 104

Wendling & Knodel. General Insurance 129

Weppner, A. Frank, Pork Packer and Dealer 151

Wheats' Ice Cream Co., W. S. Wheat, Prop 177

Wheeler & Wilson Maufg. Co., Sewing Machines 188

Wheelock, C. J

White, J. J., Commission Merchant 109

White, A., Jeweler 102

White, Wm. .1., Engineer and Surveyor 174

White, E. R., Card, Engraving, Printing and Wed-
ding Invitations 235

White &, Fish, Real Estate and Loan Brokers 140

White, H. G., House, Sign and Fresco Painter 138

Whittct, Barrett «fc Co., Engineers' Supplies 228

Wittman, Jr., Casper, Real Estate Virt

Wieder, P. F., Copper, Tin, Glass, etc 1,59

Wieman, Andrew, Hats, Caps, Furs, Umbrellas, etc.. 198

Wightman, Geo. D., Designer and Engraver 171

Wiggins, Dr. D. B., Specialist 134

Wile Bros. &Co., Wholesale Clothiers HI

Williams & Peters, Coal 149

Willgansz, Wm., Groceries 207

Williams, C. E., Contractor 104

Wilhelm & Bonner, Patent Solicitors 14.5

Winkleman, H. E., Tin and Sheet Iron 1,54

Winship, Howard, Real Estate and Insurance 147

Winter, Anthony, Merchant Tailor 147

Witte, Adolf, Boots, Shoes and Rubbers 208

Witte, Phil. C, Boots, Shoes and Rubbers 200

Wolf, J. J., & Co., Hardware, Cutlery and Lamps... 109

Wolf, A. J., Coal, Wood, Flour, Grain, etc 122

Wolfsohn, J., & Son, Printers.. 224

Wright, A. J., & Co., Stocks, Bonds and Grain 9.5

Wright, W. H., Printing 148

Wurtz <fe Schmahl, Elevator Buckets 178

Wycoff, Seamans & Benedict, Typewriters 181

YotTNG, Peteh, Hats, Caps, etc 102

Youngmann, Geo. 11. , Boots, Hats, etc 200

Zeigel, Henry W. . Real Estate 138

Zeiler. Geo. E.. Real Estate and Insurance 194

Zenner, John P., Notary Public and Insurance 1.55

Zesch, F. , Grocer 198

Zimmer & Robe, Commission Merchants, Cattle, Hogs

and Sheep 128

Zirnheld Bros., Groceries, Provisions, etc 205

rHT^^

^ (^'

CHAPTER I.

Yonder the Luke, with heiiven upon its breast,
Sleeps 111 the open portals of the West:
And the strong River, like a god in wrath.
Leaps from the calm upon his fateful path.

Dnrid Gray,

Palmer's Log Tavern.— The Dike i.e RoniEFocAt ld-Liancoi in Visits the Settlement of
BuKFALo Creek— An English Baronet Makkies an Indian Syt aw— Cobnelius Winnky, the
First Merchant, and His Partner, a Captain of the British Army— The Duke Sleeps on
THE Tavern Floor and Dreams of the Bold La Salle and Father Hennepin— The Build-
ing OF "The Griffon," the First Vessel to Sail the Lakes— The Duke, Asleep, Steals a.

Peep Thb

THE CuRTA

)f a Centl'ky, And

BlFFAI

1 Hf)0.

" Mon Dim! No rum, no milk, no candies, no bed !"

Poor liospitality Buffalo had to offer at Palmer's Tavern in 1795. No wonder he swore, for the first night
that his grace the Duke de Rochcfocauld-Liancourt and his valet stopped in Buffalo, hungry and tired, they
had to sleep on the floor in their clothes. And it was a poor compliment to John Palmer and his new hemlock
floor that the French traveller wrote in his journal, " We slept as soundly as wc had done in the woods."

But there were a few neighbors, and I wonder why John didn't try to borrow milk and rum and candles
from them. There was Cornelius Winnev, the first pure white man to build in the settlement at P>uffalo Creek.

3:i

ILLUSTRATED

His store was in a loi; bnildiiii; on the north bank of Little Bufialo Creeic, near the corner of what is now "Wash-
ington and Quay streets. Tlie tavern was a two-story log house which would to-day, if resurrected, come up
through the pavement of The Terrace a few rods west of Main Street, opposite Exchange Street. Then there
was Asa Ransom, who could look from the window of his log house— west of the tavern beyond the corner of
Pearl Street and the Terrace, as we now know the spot — out over Lake Erie and the Niagara River. Or John
could have gone to Michael Middaugh, a Mohawk River Dutchman, or to Ezekiel Lane, his son-in-law, who
had built a double log house upon land belonging to William Johnson, a little east of Washington and north of
E.xchange Street, as those thoroughfares now lie.

The only other neighbor I know of was Johnson, the half-breed son of Sir William Johnson. Sir William
had come out to command the Indian contingent of the British army in the French War, and had married
Molly, the sister of Capt. Joseph Brant.

But though young Johnson's mother was a full-blooded Mohawk, and sister to the terrible " Thay-en den-
cgea," William was the son and legal heir of a British baronet. Buffalo " society" of that period winked at
the fact that Sir William did not marry Molly until the latter part of her life with him, when they lived in
their hospitable home in the Mohawk Valley, between the sites of Rome and Schenectady.

But their son, as I said, was heir to a baronetcy, and as lie had, a few years before the date of the French
duke's visit, obtained from the Indians a conveyance to himself of all the lands at the mouth of Buffalo Creek,
he was considerable of a nabob in the settlement. He owned neariy all the land now occupied by the city of
Buffalo; therefore he wasn't quite the man for John Palmer to go to to borrow rum, candles, or milk. Wil-
liam Johnson's house was the finest in the settlement, for it was half frame.

So his grace the Duke de Rochefocauld-Liancourt ate "a very indifferent supper," as he wrote in his jour-
nal, and went to sleep on the floor. But he dreamed. It was nothing to him that Prussia and Spain had
signed the peace-treaty with the new French Republic at Basle, that the catalogue of victories of the French
arms was hung up in the Convention hall ; that there was famine that day in France among the lower classes ;
that Napoleon had quelled the insurrection of Vendemiaire, or that the terrible yellow-fever plague was then
sweeping along the Atlantic coast states of America.

No, he cared not for things at home, nor of events in the new American republic. He slept too soundly
for that.

The duke had, I suppose, read the journals of La Salle and Father Hennepin, written in his own native
French one hundred and sixteen years before, for he dreamed that night that he was with that old Franciscan
friar, sailing up Lake Erie in "The Griffon." He heard the bold explorers tell how, at the mouth of Cayuga
Creek, more than half way down to the great cataract, during all the previous hard winter, they and their
iieariv two score of followers had worked and built a dock ; how two Mohegan Indians made bark liouses for
them, and a bark chapel, where the good Father Hennepin (who carried his altar thither on his back) preaclied
and read mass on Sundays and saints' days ; how they felled trees and laid the keel of "The Griffon," that was
to be the first white man's boat to plow these inland seas ; how the savages envied the builders of the " big
canoe," and plotted to burn it ; how, often disheartened and fearing mutiny, the pious Jesuits worked on until
July, 1679, when, amid the firing of their five little brass cannon and three arquebuses, their little ship was
launched. On the prow crouched a carved griffin, with wide-spread wings; above was an eagle, while at the
mainmast floated the lilies of France. Our dreamer heard the crew chant the Te Deum of Ambrose, after they
had pulled the boat up stream for miles, and finally started out from the stiff current below what is now Fort
Porter, and he saw the helmsman point the nose of the Griffon up the lake.

" The streamlet seeks the path it knew of yore,
And Erie murmurs to a lonely shore ;
The birds are busy in their leafy towers ;
The trampled earth is wild again with flowers ;
And the same River rolls in changeless state.
Eternal, solemn, deep, and strong as fate."

Only one other Frenchman that we know of had visited the site of Buffalo during the one hundred and

ILLUSTRi

ILLUSTRATED

THE ClUEEN
CITY or THE LAKES.

sixteen vcars tliat liiul cliipseil lietween liii Salic ami Linncoiirt, aiiil lie was IJamii La lluntaii, who inade ati (■>
poilition tliroiiij;li this region in UiHV — eisjlit years after La Salle.

In his dream the dnke finally bade adieu to the friar and liis thirty-four britvc couipanioii.s, and lli«! yeai

mrmMm

v^. ^

()

C
'I- 5l &

/VSIN§TREET

(JLINTON §T.

LLUSTRATED

of a century rolled by, until he saw himself
again trudging into the settlement at Buffalo
Creek and knocking at Jolin Palmer's tavern
door.

Wonderful charmer, this sleep is, to a
tired man, for another vision was in store for
his grace, as he lay there curled up
floor. Another century, nearly, passed before
him, but into the future, and it vpas the year
1890. He stood upon a broad, paved terrace,
and knew that it was tlie site of Palmer's
Tavern. The scene about him saw that of a
busy city of more than a quarter of a million souls. It was again a day in July. All the potent forces of a
wonderful age of invention — of steam and eloctric power— were conspiring round about him. By his very

ILUV/STRATED

THE '(^UEEN
CITY OF THE LAKES. :iT

side thundered mighty engines, pulling palatial coaches loaded with precious merchandise and prosperous
people on tlieir way from the Atlantic to '.he Pacific Ocean. Some of the people luid just come from his own
any Paris, which they had left only ei(/hl days before. Above his head hummed the wires of the telegraph,
telephone, fire-alarm signal service, and he knew that the thoughts penned by men about him could be read in
Loudon in half an hour, and in far away Calcutta before sunset. He knew that in an upper parlor that day at
.■I public l)ouse called "Tlie Iroquois," men and women were sitting upon velvet divans listening to an orchestra
of eight pieces playing sweet music at No. 18 Courtland Street, New York; that over the same wire which
lirought the music in at the window men were talking, as though face to face, between Rochester, Albany,
and Pou<rhkccpsie — now miijhty habitations of men ; then little more than .settlements like Buffalo Creek.

He knew that men were near him, on Elk Street, laying tracks for street cars to run upon, propelled by
this same electricity that Dr. Franklin had fetched down from a tliunder-cloud with a kite. He knew that a
m.in named Edison, of mighty genius and intellect, had invented a machine into which, if Julius Cassar in his
time could have spoken, would to-day have reproduced his very voice and accent. Ho knew that women no
longer grew bent and blind over midnight needlework,, nor spun nor wove by hand; that the children of
the poor h.id free schools in a land where 65,000,000 people lived under the ruler of their choice. He learned
for the first time the uses of coal, and gas, and petroleum.

The city in which the noble traveler found himself had risen from the liuinhlo sji.it where Winney, "the
trader from the Fishkills," bartered nim and colored cloth with Indians ftjr pelts, to 1 ycome the largest coal-
distributing point in the world ; the largest lumber market in the world (taken with its suburban port of Tona-
wanda) ; the largest fresh-fish market in the world ; the largest sheep market in the woild; the second largest
grain market in the world ; the second largest live-stock market in the world, and one of the greatest centres
for the manufacture of a dozen different necessities of life.

He saw a city leaping towards a grander metropolitan size and strength, with gigantic strides, and knew
that even the old towns of New York and Philadelphia were not keeping pace with Buffalo in her growth.
Again he thought of La Salle and Hennepin ; of the wilderness they found, and of their little boat disappearing
up the lake towards that now grand Northwest, whose development means still greater prosperity for Buffalo.

With his eyes now on the distant Northwest this Ji,ily day in 1890, he saw the sim shining upon thousands
and thousands of acres of ripening wheat in Minnesota, Wisconsin, the Dakotas, Montana, and the British province
of Manitoba, that would send its millions and millions of bushels of grain to feed the teeming nations of over-
crowded Europe ; and he saw Buffalo t.iking toll from every bushel of this grain, by a natural right of geo-
graphical position. He saw immense herds of horned cattle, grazing upon the fertile prairies of a half dozen
princely states and territories, and these were fattening towards the near day when they would be brought to
Buffalo, to swell the already magnificent total of more than §2,000,000 of cattle sales each week. He heard a
thousand axes chopping in the woods " that stand on the rugged Lake Superior region," and heard the busy
hum of hundreds of saw-mills that were transforming the giant pines of a virgin forest into material for a thou-
sand new homes in Buffalo. He heard a hundred air-drills pounding in the bowels of the earth at Lake Ver-
million, and he knew that they had only just begun to tap a veritable mountain of finest iron ore, and he knew
that huge vessels were waiting to carry the ore down to Buffalo, and to take back cargoes of coal. He knew
that the receipts of iron at Buffalo had been but 60,242 tons in 1870, and in 1800 more than 500,000 tons. He
knew that under the streets of Buffalo lay pipes through which, from a distance of one hundred and fifty miles,
poured streams of petroleum and gas-fuel, direct from the storeliouses of a million years in the bosom of
Mother Earth.

Ho knew that the great cataract that had thundered in La Salle's e;irs two hundred and eleven years be-
fore still poured its mighty flood over the precipice, with waste of a force sufficient to drive all the wheels of
a great nation's factories, and ho knew that the men of this generation, who had pierced mountains, who had
made a channel through the Isthmus of Suez, bridged the Hudson, and had tied together with a copper thread
all the cities of the earth, could tunnel under the cataract of Niagara and plant water-wheels tliere that would do
the work of 150,000 liorses. And he knew that for each horse-power in use in the American republic, three per-
sons were employed, and for each worker four others were dependent, and he saw, still farther into the future,
the 1,800,000 people who would thank God for the power He had put into the cataract, as they ate their
daily brea<l and toiled in the great city on the Niagara frontier.

ILLUSTRATED

^S^FFALOjC

Strange sounds greeted the traveler's ear— the dull, hoarse whistle of the big steel propeller, just com-
ing into Buffalo Creek, under the shadow of high grain-elevators ; the sound of the boiler-maker's hammer
and of the steam-forge ; the locomotive's shrill cry ; the hum of printing-presses, turning out 40,000 copies an
liour of a journal that told of the happenings of the day before in Pekin, Moscow, and on the Congo River.
He heard the noon bells of St. Paul's Cathedral chiming out the loud music of " Praise God from whom all
blessings flow," and though his head was dazed his heart was full of thanksgiving.

But morning came to wake him from the enchanting dream. John Palmer had cooked a steak of venison
for breakfast. The mist was rising from the lake. Captain Powel of the British Army, stationed at Fort
Niagara, had just arrived at Buffalo Creek to see Winney, in whose store business Powel was a partner. The
captain's influence with the Indians of the whole region was great, and it was long-headed, indeed, for him
to make an arrangement with the trader from Albany and the Fishkills to turn that influence into gold
sovereio-ns. He sent the Indians to sell their pelts to Winney. The proud Frenchman would not meet the
British soldier, for the sores of a frontier war were not yet sufficiently healed to make them court each other's
friendship ; so the morning hours soon saw the Duke de Rochefocauld-Liancourt and his valet picking their way
along that crooked Indian trail on the left bank of the Creek (now Main Street) that led to Cold Spring. But
at the crossing of the sta?e road from Batavia to the Black Rock Ferry, he turned and waited for the stage to
take them to Batavia. This stage road did not come into Buffalo Creek settlement, because its projectors did
not know that anybody lived at the mouth of the creek. It crossed Buffalo at the site of the present York
Street, Holy Angels Academy, and the reservoir, and went down a dugway just above the present Niagara
Street railroad barns.

" Jf o»i Dieu ! No rum, no milk, no caudles, no bed !'" Poor hospitality Buffalo had to offer in 1795.

CHAPTER II.

It is the time wlieu still the forest made

For its dusk children a protecting shade ;

And by these else untrodden shores they stood,

Embodied spirits of tbe solitude !

When still at dawn, or day's serener close,

The smoke-wreaths of the Kah-Kwah lodges rose.

Damd Oray.

The " Kah-Kwahs," (the Erie or Cat Tribe), the First-known People on the Site of Buffalo —
Enmity between the Hurons and the Iroqdois — Quarrel between the Senecas and the
Kah-Kwahs — War or Extermination, by the Senecas — How Buffalo Creek got its Name- —
General Sullivan Completes the breaking-up of the Iroquois Confederation — Some op the
Scattered Tribes settle near Buffalo — Their Descendants — Sib William Johnson sends his
Half-breed Sons to School— They become Lieutenants in the British Army.

To the general reader, history is the least interesting of literature. Fiction leads. But of all history, that
of wars, conquests, and great men is most popular. How fortunate, then, that he who essays to tell the story
of Buffalo, can, in painting his word-picture, dip his brush into the sanguinary flood of war and conquest ; can
tell how a nation of red men was wiped out, and how the city, as it grew, nursed and schooled the ambition of
men who went out of her walls as the chosen rulers of the greatest nation of earth.

Yes, the Polish laborer who, in digging a sewer trench across Church Street yesterday, near the City Hall,
unearthed a stone hammer, a skull, and a flint arrow-head, connected our civilization and history with that day
back of 1795, back of Baron La Hontan, back of La Salle and Hennepin, back of Hendrick Hudson, back of
Columbus, the Spanish sailor of Palos — back, back to a time when Europe was sleeping, fitfully, in the middle

LLUSTRATED

^SvFFALOj^i.

THE QUEEN
CITY OF THE LAKES.

jiijcs. Then we know from Indian traditions, handed down by the story-tellers and song-keepers of the Iro-
•quois — who loved history and anecdote, and who held these traditions sacred, — that before they themselves oc-
cupied the site of Buffalo with their wi'jtwanis, a neutral nation, the Xcutors, known as the Eric or Cat tribe,
lived on the banks of the Ti-i/ou-si/o-ini (place of bass-woods), or Buffalo ('reck. West of tlieni lived the
llurons; E;i.st, the Iroquois, sworn enctnies of each other.

Like those little. struiTirlinii nations of Europe, whose home Fate (lecrec(l t<> be between two powerful

^^^ ILLUSTRi

LLUSTRATED

■ 'QUEEN

foes, war came licavicst upon the littk- people. Tliey wislicd to l.e noulial, Imt their fann-yards becaiiu:
the devastating battle-fields of the bigger powei-s. So with tlie Erie or Cat tribe— tlic Kah-Kwahs. From llie
<lays of Europe's middle age up through tlie centuries to about 1G54 or '55, tlic Kah-Kwahs hold the site of
Buffalo; and probably they saw tlie formation of the Iroquois confederation, though no one knows exactly
when that strong union took place. They were about 12,000 in number.

The Senccas, the most powerful of the Iroipiois, quarrelled with the Kah-Kwahs. War was declared

a fierce, awful, bloody war of extermination ; and the Ilurons held back, and the other nations of the great

confederation held back, or abetted the Senccas. Hundreds of Kah-Kwahs fell on the shores of Lake
Erie. Hundreds poured out their blood on the very ground that we of I'.uiralo w.ilk upon to-day, and war-
riors, wives, babes, old men and women — all fell under the fire and tomahawk of the savage Senccas. Twelve
thousand souls went out of the Kah-Kwahs, and probably as many more, or nearly, of the numerous Senccas.
Mav it not be that some of these fell under the big elms that now border the asplialt of Delaware Avenue ?
The rings of these trees would count back past La Salle. May it not be that tlie hammer, skull, and arrow-head
are the veritable " last of the Kah-Kwahs ?"

Indian tradition also seems to prove that the Ameiicaii bison of the prairie, iidw sharing the fate of the
Kah-Kwahs — extermination — used to herd on the banks of Buffalo Creek. Learned historians and students of
Indian lore have discussed this subject at great length, and they declare that before the Indian hunters drove
the bufialos beyond the Mississippi, they used to visit this region in herds in summer, where they found salt
licks in the rushes along our Buffalo Creek and in the Genesee Valley. There arc many little streams in tlie
United States as far east as Buffalo, called " Buffalo Creek," from similar Indian traditions of the bison.

From that masterly work of Mr. Allen G. Bigclow and Mr. J. N. Earned, " A New History of Buffalo," we
read that the late Orsamus II. Marshall, in searching the manuscript treasures of London, found the earliest
known mention of Buffalo Creek. It was in a collection called "King George's Maps," and was dated 1764.
The map showed both banks of the Niagara from Lake Erie to Black Rock. " The American shore," said
Mr. Marshall, " is represented as entirely unsettled, covered with forest, and bordered with sand bills. Buffalo
Creek is laid down, bearing its present name."

It is scarcely within the province of this story about the Queen City of the Lakes to tell all the events of
the French and Indian War, and of the Revolution, that took place on the Niagara frontier.

Have you ever looked down the Niagara gorge towards Lewiston ? Remember the pines, chestnuts, and
bass-woods; the beech and butternut trees, and picture a forest just like that extending all along the shore of
the river and covering the site of Buffalo. Indian trails are the only paths. There is no Erie Canal; no light-
houses in the harbor ; no break-water; no river front of elevators and warehouses ; no church spires above the
tree-tops, and no steam-boats going in and out of Buffalo Creek.

It is 1781 — fourteen years before the visit of the Duke de Rochefocauld-Liaiicourl. The powerful Iro-
■quois confederation is broken up by the white men's wars with each other. In the recent conflict between the
■colonies and Great Britain, the Indians have fought against the colonies. And now the British have sailed for
home or have retreated into Canada, and the Indians must follow across the frontier or hazard a peace with
the new State of New York. Sullivan, two years before this date, has driven the Iroquois out of the Wyoming
and the Genesee Valleys, and has burned their crops. An unusually cold winter has brought starvation to thou-
sands of these poor savages, and they have so importuned the British conimandanl at Fort Niagara, that his
supplies are exhausted.

From the flight before Sullivan's army, the Indians have brought white captives to Buffalo Creek. There
are Rebecca and Benjamin Gilbert, Jr., Elizabeth I'cart and her nine-month's-old babe, and others. They are
«nduring great hardships, and work in the corn fields of their captors. It will be many months before they es-
cape and return to friends in the white settlements of the Fast.

The Senccas have formed a village on the south side of Buffalo Creek, at a place until recently well known
by its mission church and old burying-ground. This was the homo of the famous orator. Red Jacket, who
now lies beside his contemporaries. Corn-planter, Tall Chief, Tom Pollard, and Chief Two Guns, in Forest
Lawn Cemetery. From the Buffalo Creek village the Seneeas removed to their present liome on the Cattar-
augus Reservation, thirtv-one miles from Buffalo. The Onondagas settled farther back from the creek, near

-^ ILLUSTRATED

what is now the village of Ebenezer. Tlie few descendants that remain are now with the Senecas at Cattarau-
gus, and at the Alleghany Reservation, and in Canada with the Mohawks. The Cayugas settled along that
creek upon whi^h La Salle had built "The Griffin" just one hundred years before.

Sir William Johnson has sent the children of his squaw wife, with other Indian boys, to a charity school
at Lebanon, Conn., where the Rev. Dr. Wheelock has found them to be apt pupils. One of Sir William's
daughters has married his nephew, Guy Johnson, commandant at Fort Niagara, and another has been wedded
to a Colonel Claus. The two sons from school, when grown, go with their brother-in-law, Guy, to Fort Niagara
to become lieutenants in the British army. The descendants of Sir William settle near Brantford, Ont., and irk
1890 arc of the most educated, refined, wealthy, and aristocratic families in the Dominion. The daughters to-
day visit Buffalo, and are entertained in the city's best society, and one of the young ladies is a recognized
po'ct.

Revolutionary war records give no glory to citizens of Buffalo. There was no material here in 1V76 ta
make into soldiers.

With unaccountable forgetfulness or ingratitude, the British made no provision for their former allies, the
Indians, when they arranged the peace treaty with the United States in 178.3, but left the problem of their fu-
ture e.xistence among the people of the new American republic to be solved by themselves, well knowing that
the Indians must be defended from Anglo-Saxon greed for land, and from a craft and intelligence superior to
their own.

The red man was being rapidly pushed to the wall. Unfortunately for him, he had chosen the wrong side
in the conflict, and even after the defeat of the British by the colonies he could not bring himself to recognize
the new State of New York, and the United States of America as permanent governments with whom he must
make friends. Political lines he did not understand, nor did he see any good intentions towards himself in the
white man's new and mysterious double-headed government. His former friends had retreated across the Ni-
agara frontier into Canada, but with a pitiful foolliardiness, born of his ignorance, he stayed around the place
where General Sullivan had so completely whipped hira, and occasionally gratified his sullen desire for revenge
by murdering pioneer settlers, or burning them up at night in their log cabins. This could not and did not last
long.

Thoughtful men to-day who have studied the Indian question in New York State, believe that a great mis-
take was made by the states and the federal government in regarding the Indians and treating with them as a
foreign nation. They had been allies of the British, and with them were defeated by the Continental forces.
The Six Nations were defeated by General Sullivan — were completely routed. The United States alone should
have thereafter made terms. Yet the remnant of these tribes asserted their independence as a nation, and the
states and the federal government dared not make peace with them upon any other basis. As an instance of
the ridiculousness of this precedent, the Protestant churches who to-day send to and maintain missionaries upoi»
the Indian reservations in the state place the charge of these evangelists under their boards of foreign mis-
sions. And the effect of the State protectorate over this foreign nation, under which the Indian is regarded
as " a perpetual minor," has produced a red man to-day with little sense of personal responsibility ; and it has,,
as many good and wise people believe, so handicapped him in all his relations with his white neighbors, that
civilization cannot make of him the honest, moral, useful man that it otherwise would have made, if some wiser
plan had been adopted for his assimilation by the white race, or that would have provided more encouraging:
conditions for his life among a people more progressive and mtelligent than his own.

But this is deep water, and only concerns Buffalo in that it vitally concerned her early days. It should
be said though, that in the war with Great Britain, in 1812, the Indians fought with the United States forces,^
and it is an interesting fact that to-day may often be seen on the streets of Buffalo, peddling sassafras bark or
berries, Henry Philips, a Seneca Indian, who is a pensioner of the United States Government as a surviving en-
listed soldier of the War of 1812. He is one of the most interesting Indians in America to-day, and through
an interpreter he has told the writer of these lines many anecdotes of that war, of Red Jacket and Cornplanter,
whom he knew well, and of Farmer's Brother, Tall Chief, and Tom Pollard. Chief Philips is slow to adopt
civilized dress, and at his home on the Cattaraugus Reservation is always seen wearing feathers in his long-
black hair, moccasins, and a white man's shirt outside of his pantaloons, which are held up by a leather belt.

ILLUSTRATED

CITYOFTKELAKESj

md.^

^Xs^

ILLUSTRATED

-iv^ THE «tUEEN
3=«3b- CITY OF THE LAKES.

He is an inveterate smoker, and prefers a long-stemmed pipe of liis own manufacture, from the stem of which
depend beads and colored strings. He is an incorrigible pagan, holding little or no intercourse with the guy-
weh-yu — the Christian missionary. What must often be the thoughts of Henry Philips (whose father un-
doubtedly had a hand in many a bloody massacre in Western Ncv^ York, and whose mind is stored with tradi-
tions of the Niagara frontier), as he walks in Bnfialo under the shadow of huge elevators and smoking steam
forges and factories on the banks of Buffalo Creek, whose batswoods his father used to strip for wigwams,
and out of whoso trunks made dug-out canoes.

History tells of the treaty at Fort Stanwix (Rome) in September, 1784, where the Iroquois chiefs met com-
missioners from New York State and from the United States ; how the Indians ceded to " the father at Wash-
ington" all their rights to the land of the four-mile strip from Johnson's Landing on Lake Ontario to the
mouth of Buffalo Creek ; how this caused confliction between the state and the nation ; how another " great
council" of Indians was held at Buffalo Creek, in 1787, who demanded an explanation of the dark and mysteri-
ous relations between the father at Albany and the father at Washington ; how at Hartford, commissioners
from New York, Massachusetts and the United States had settled their own disputed claims, without assistance
from or consultation with the Indians interested, and how by this convention New York obtained sovereignty
over all land west of her present eastern boundary as far as Seneca Lake. It tolls how Massachussetts was
given the pre-emption right only, subject to Indian title, to all lands west of Seneca Lake, except a mile-strip
along the bank of the Niagara from Lake Ontario to the mouth of Buffalo Creek, which was kept for New York,
also subject to Indian claim, and, finally, it tells how this latter title was extinguished by the treaty of 1802.
All of these matters involve so much of interest to other territory besides Buffalo, that it would be a digression
to tell them over in detail.

CHAPTER III.

The city sleeps ; its changing features fade
In the green depths of many a rustling glade ;
The wind of summer whispers sweet and low
"Mong trees that waved three hundred years ago.

David Gray.

The Author, Impatient to Reach the Point of His Storv that Tells of the Present and Future
OF Buffalo, Jumps over a Couple of Generations and Compares This Citv, To-day, with
Other American Centres. — He Will Take You Back Again, in the Next Chapter, to the
Time When Red Jacket Hobnobbed with George Washington, and Received a Big Silver
Medal from the First President of the United States Buffalo Has the Medal now.

People who, like the Duke do Rochefocauld-Liancourt, visited Buffalo in its infancy, must have carried
back to the Eastern settlements good impressions about its desirability for residence ; about the opportunities
for trade with the Indians; the cool summers on the shore of Lake Erie ; the unusually fertile soil along the
Niagara River, and back from the shore of Lake Ontario ; the possible future for a commerce on the great
chain of lakes, and the certainty that, if immigration ever pressed farther west than Buffalo, that this settle-
ment would be upon the most popular route of travel. It had a promising look to these early visitors, as a
town site, and they went back east and talked about it. Settlers soon began to arrive. How wonderfully and
how quickly these prophecies have been fulfilled and exceeded ! As to these predictions, see a city holding
the key to the commerce of a mighty inland empire ; as to trade, see the future Manchester of America, with
cheapest coal, abundant natural gas-fuel, and quick distribution of products to the corners of the earth by rail-
road, canal, and lakes ; as to location on the popular route of travel, see her puffing steam-caravans of emigrant
pilgrims passing through from Castle Garden to Golden Gate; see her twenty-seven different railroads with more
than two hundred and fifty trains daily, and more trackage within her limits than in any other city of the world.
As for climate, see the showing farther over in these pages, as gathered by the New York World, wherein Buffalo

ILLUSTRATED

^WFFALOjC^

is placed at the head of thirty-six leadiiiLr American cities
as having the lowest death-rate of aii)-. As for fertility
of soil of this region, see Erie County's rich crops and fat
cattle ; see Niagara County's apples and fruits, whose
fanners receive, annually, more than $1,000,000 for apples
alone. Sec the flowers and berries and small fruits wrown

ILLUSTRATED

about La Salle ; the hay and grain of Grand Island ; the variety and rich growth of vegetables along the
Limesone road at West Seneca. In a thousand other ways the Queen City is peerless.

Every city has a reason for its being, and, if great, reasons for its greatness. Have Boston, New York,
and Philadelphia got ships from every foreign port ? So Buffalo may have by the widening of the Erie Canal,
which living men shall see. Have Rochester, Lowell, Lawrence, Paterson and other cities got cheap water-
power? So Buffalo soon will have, and cheaper, by the mightiest cataract of earth ; and cheap coal and natural
gas. Have St. Louis, Kansas City, and Chicago got cattle yards? So has Buffalo, the second largest in the
world. Have they become centres for large local distribution ? So has Buffalo become the natural supply-giver
to a territory to-day inhabited by more than 2,000,000 of people. Has Denver got silver and lead ? So has
Buffalo, and copper and iron too, from the rich Lake Superior region. Buffalo last year (1889) received 28,853
ons of copper from the Lake Superior mines ; 265,130 pigs of lead, which was thirty-five times more than she
received in 1879, and her import of silver was considerable, and will increase as the silver mines of the Superior
region are developed. Have Portland, Me., and Portland, Ore., and Bangor, and Saginaw got lumber ? So
has Buffalo ; and together with her suburban port of Tonawanda she is already the largest lumber market in
the world. Have Detroit, Milwaukee, Cleveland, and Duluth got natural harbors ? So has Buffalo, and more,
for she has nineteen and a half miles of water-front, on her lake, river, and ship canals. Has any city got
skilled workmen '! So has Buffalo, for she is one of the greatest centres in the world for the manufacture of
edge tools, hardware, agricultural implements, engines, boilers, flour, glucose, soap, starch, malleable iron castings,
furniture, milling machinery, iron pipe, cement, printing inks, wall paper, leather belting, refrigerators and
bird cages, boots and shoes, carriages, sewer pipe, clothing, confectionery, lake vessels, chemicals, patent medi-
cines, and for oil refining, lithographic and fine art printing, meat packing, and brewing, any one of which in-
dustries, if possessed, in the same degree, by a more boastful town would distinguish that place for its " spe-
cialty."

Have Pittsburgh, Philadelphia, Jersey City, and Elizabethport got coal to sell and to distribute ? So has
Buffalo, more than they, for she is to-day the largest coal distributing point in the world. Have Washington,
Cleveland, New York, and Baltimore got princely streets and boulevards, so that foreigners tell of them and the
great monthly magazines show pictures of them ? So has Buffalo, the most beautiful of residences, parks, park-
ways, boulevards, and pavements. She has more miles of asphalt pavement than any other city in the world,
outranking even Paris, " the world's parlor," as some writer has called that gay capital, contrasting it with
London, "the world's workshop."

Have the other great American cities grown rapidly in population ? So has Buffalo, more rapidly than any
other city of her importance, as shown by the comparisons made on subsequent pages. Have they been distin-
guished for their able men and useful citizens ? So has Buffalo, for she exceeds every other city in the Union
in having given two presidents to the Nation, also men who have sat with highest honor in the Senate, House
of Representatives, and in the saddle on the field of battle. Did a soldier from any section of the land save the
country from defeat in war? So did a citizen of Buffalo save this Union from financial defeat and bankruptcy,
when Elbridge Gerry Spaulding (of the stock of the signer of the Declaration of Independence) devised his
measure in Congress which, adopted, supplied the nation with currency when her troops were threatened with
starvation and rags. " The Father of the Greenback," as he is called, still lives in Buffalo, enjoying the fullest
of honors with a fulness of years. A nation's historian has already given Mr. Spaulding the credit of having
" saved the nation."

ILLUSTRATED

THE QUEEN
CITY or THE LAKES.

cn.\rTi:i; i\.

Two Biii Greedy Land Companies Fail to oet Possession ok Indian Lands is Western New York, In-
CLiniNO THE Site of Bitfalo. — The Phelps and Gorham Purchase. — The Holland Land Com-
PANV Makes Its First Appearance on the Scene. — Biffalo Creek Settlement becomes the
Meeting-place for Important National Treaties. — Red Jacket Goes to Visit General Wash-
ington, AND (JETS A Tomahawk and a Silver Medal as Mementoes.

From yon sjrray ruin's shade the forms are fled.
That came, but now, up-tlironging from the dead ;
Hut the great heart of Commerce, full and strong,
Throbs to the chime of swarthy Labor's song.

David Gray.

JvsT as rich men in tlio eastern cities arc to-day combining to get control of whole counties in the grand
new western states, which in a few years will become very valuable by the development of that country, so in
the early part of this ceijtnry rich men combined and got a monopoly of land in western New York, including
the site of the city of Buffalo. But the first two big land companies failed, by reason of their own greed —
•• The New York and Genesee Land Co.," and " The Niagara-Genesee Land Co."

So determined were these corj)orations to get possession of these lands, that the New York company
finally succeeded in inveigling the Indian chiefs into signing a lease for nine hundred and ninety-nine years, or
•• as long as water flows and grass grows," and they tried to corrupt the new legislature of New York State
into recognizing this bargain. But they failed, and the Governor was oiiipowercd to use the State troops, if
necessary, to keep white .settlers off from the coveted land.

After the failure of the land companies, priva e individuals tried to buy the land with money supplied by
another combination of New York and Massachusetts capitalists. The only successful agents were Oliver Phelps
and Nathaniel Gorham, who, for $1,000,000 in Massachusetts paper money, bought all the lands in New York
State controlled by Massachusetts, described in the previous chapter of this story. The money was only worth
fifty cents to the dollar, and the purch.isers hoped to buy currency at that discount, or less. But the Federal
<Tovernraent funded the debt of Massachusetts, with other states, and brought the value of this currency up to
par. This made the Phelps and Gorham people bankrupt, and in 1789 they asked the Massachusetts Legisla-
ture to release them from the larger part of their obligation, and it was granted them.

Buying Massachusetts' claim to land in western New York did not give the Phelps and Gorham men
absolute ownership, because that slate's claim had been merely a pre-emption right to settle. So during the
period of several years between their purchase and their bankruptcy, they effected an honorable treaty with the
Indians (at Buffalo Creek, July 4, 1788), by which they agreed to pay the Senecas $5,000 in cash and $500
annually forever for the big tract thereafter known as "The Phelps and Gorham Purchase." This tract in-
cluded the site of the city of Buffalo. Before winding up their affairs, Phelps and Gorham sold thirty town-
ships, but in the lands that Massachusetts took back in 1789 was the site of Buffalo. Robert Morris, the great
financier of the Revolution, bought the released lands, and thus became sole ownc^r of the site of our beautiful
city. But he soon sold it to the Holland Land Company. At that time aliens could not hold land titles in
their own names, so Herman Leroy and others, as trustees of the Dutch capitalists, were the actual purchasers
from Mr. Morris.

Now, the site of Buffalo becomes of great historical interest, because of important councils held here be-
tween the Indians and the United State Government. President Washington feared that the discontent still
brewing among the Indians would prevent the settlement of the country west of Buffalo Creek, and he com-
missioned Col. Thomas Proctor, on March 12, 1791, to go and settle, if possible, a treaty of permanent
jieace. Cornplanter was then head chief of the Senecas, and lived at the head of the Allegheny river. A
grandson of Cornplanter, Solomon Obail, now lives on the Cattaraugus reservation, an aged, dignified Indian,
who beare a striking resemblance to his famous ancestor. The council was held at Buffalo Creek in April and
May, 1791, and was attended by Red Jacket, Cornplanter, F'armers Brother, Young King, and other sachems.

ILLUSTRATED

THE at/EEN
j:iTY_OF THE LAKESj

'%!

M^^'

It was a very large and important assemblage, but the hostile
intluonce of the British, througli Chief Brant, prevented that
harmony so needful in negotiating a permanent peace, and not
much good ever resulted from the council.
Washington, in 1793, arrani;ed for another council "with the hostile Indians northwest of the

ILLUSTRATED

Ohio river." Congress gave » 100,000 for the expenses of this expedition and treaty. Tiie Federal coniniis-
sioncrs were Gen. Benjamin Lincohi. Mr. Beverly Randolph, and Col. Timothy Pickering, wlio met the
Indians on June Uth, at the long house on tlic bank of Buffalo Creek. .\ welcoming salnte was fired by the
Scnecas, who were armed with muskets. There is preserved, in tlie collection of tlie Massachusetts Historical
Society, a pen picture of this council while in session, drawn by a young British officer fr.>m Fort Niagara, who
was present.

The .-..uncil resulted in :i ti.-aly ..t peace lliat has been ever since preserveil. A treaty iii.ide later by the
same commissioners with Indians at Detroit was not kept by the natives. But iuiinigialion was eucourageil,
and the settlement which the Duke de Rochefocauld-Liancourt founded at the mouth of Buffalo Creek, two
years after this treaty by General Lincoln, began to grow rapidly, and John Palmer's tavern was so well patron-
ized that lie was able to give better entertainment than he had given to the French duke.

In 1792 Red Jacket, with several other chiefs, to settle for themselves many questions affecting their alle-
giance to the new American Republic, decided to visit the father of the new nation, President Washington. So
pleased was George Wasliington witli the dignity, suavity, and eloquence of Red Jacket, that he caused to be
struck a huge, oval, silver medal seven inches long by five inches wide, on which General Washington and Red
Jacket were depicted, near a plougliman, smoking the pipe of peace. The gift greatly pleased the old Indian,
and he always wore the medal around his neck. It is shown in the celebrated painting of Red Jacket, from
life, bv R. W. Weir, of New York, a copy of which, together with the original medal and a fine tomahawk,
also presented by Washington, are now the property of the Buffalo Historical Society.

It seems to me that the romantic period in Buffalo's history has now been told ; that the stepping in of
these phlegmatic Dutchmen, with their Holland Laml Company, and their old theodolite and surveyor's chain,
intrude such practical dollar-and-cent matters upon our attention, that you, patient reader, will tire of a detailed
history of how the town site was cut up into lots and sold, and how the village boasted a school-house, then a
church, court-house, and jail. The growth of every city in America was like Buffalo in these respects.

But iis we go along from 1795 up to to-day there are a few threads that must be picked up, for consis-
tency's sake. Wc are not telling the complete history of Buffalo, but are constructing an outline — an historical
sketch, merely, for a work showing " The Progress of Buffalo," not its whole history.

There was no real Holland Land Company. Robert Morris sold his land in four tracts to four sets of
purchasers, who paid for it with money owned in Holland. There is no evidence to show that these Nether-
land capitalists were joined together in a company in Holland or in America, and the deeds to lands sold were
signed by the local" trustees, who were not even designated in the deeds as trustees. But our pioneer fore-
fathei-s knew they were dealing with Dutch capitalists, through these agents, and they dubbed the proprietors,
" Tlie Holland Land Company."

These proprietors kept a general agent at PIiiladelphia„and a local agent at Batavia settlement. The first
local representative was Joseph Ellicott (1800 to 1821); then Jacob S. Otto (1821 to 1827); David E. Kvans
(1827 to 1837); and Peter Van Hall, who served from Evans's time to the sale of the last piece of land. These
agents exerted great influence upon the growth of Buffalo by bringing in desirable settlers ; upon the outline
of the city, by plotting its present principal thoroughfares; and they gave lasting names to many streets, roads,
villages, and streams of water. No single individual had more to do with n)0ulding the young city than did
Joseph Ellicott, a remarkably talented but lamentably melancholy man.

Three years before he became local agent, Mr. Ellicott was made principal surveyor of the company. He
had gained great experience in working with his brother Andrew, who laid out the city of Washington after
that site was selected for the capital. In the year when he began his survey for the Holland Land Company,
1797, a great Indian council had been held at Geneseo, at which Indian titles to the lands of the company by
the former treaty were extinguished.

Ellicott organized an cn<rinecr corps of one hundred and fifty men, and bought nearly $8,000 worth t)f
rations and supplies for a six months' campaign in the unexplored wilds of western New York. "When the
site of Buffalo was correctlv mapped, in 1801-2, the little settlement which we have seen as the home of John
Palmer, Winncv the trader, Asa Ransom. Middaugh, and Lane, was put down as " New Amsterdam." It had
also become the home of William Robbins, a blacksmith, and of a man named Maybce, who Icept an Indian
store in a log bnildins about where the Marine Bank now stands, on the west side of Main Street, below Seneca.

_^ ILLUSTRATED

50 , *BVFFAI

Ellicott laid out this city in 1805, from the lake to " Chipeway Street," and from Ellicott Street (then
"Onida") west to about Carolina Street, as the city is to-day divided. But Main Street was " Vanstaphorst
Avenue, and Niagara Street bore the euphonious name of " Schiramelpennick Avenue." The only streets that
have kept their names ,is then inscribed are Mohawk, Huron, Chippewaw, Delaware, Swan, Seneca, Eagle, and
the Terrace — but it was " Cazenovia Terrace."

Joseph EUicott's end was pitifully unfortunate, lie committed suicide while an inmate of the Blooming-
dale Insane Asylum, on August 19, 1826.

The name "New Amsterdam " never found favor with the settlers. The hamlet was known as Buffalo
Creek, and that name became so popular that even the Holland Land Company dropped New Amsterdam from
their land conveyances, in 1811, and substituted "Buffalo."

As early as 1772 the state of New York, then a colony, was divided into counties, and the whole western
part was included in " Tryon County," after the last of the royal governors. In 1784 the name was changed to
« Montgomery County," in honor of Gen. Richard Montgomery, and in 1801 the county of Ontario was
organized. The boundary extended west to the state line, and all west of the Genesee river was called " the
town of Northampton." In 1802 Ontario County was again divided, and Genesee County was set off. In
1808 the county of Niagara was established, with Buffalo as the county seat. By the same act the village of
Buffalo was included in the town of Willink, which extended to the Cattaraugus Creek. The township of
Buffalo was also defined that year. In 1813 the village of Buffalo received its first charter. In 1821 the
southern portion of Niagara County was set off and organized as Erie County, with boundaries substantially as
they exist to-day, and the village of Buffalo was made the county seat.

Professor Timothy Dwight visited Buffalo in 1804. His description of the inhabitants would, to-day, fit
the people of any town in northern Idaho, or other rough frontier outpost. Said he : "The inhabitants are a
casual collection of adventurers, and have the usual character of such adventurers, thus collected, when remote
from regular society. We saw about as many Indians in this villege as white people."

But this was a harsh criticism, for there was an element in the settlement that had ideals. Three years
before the learned professor's visit, Joseph R. Palmer, a brother of John, as a committee of one, had secured,
through Ellicott, from the Holland Land Company, a lot for a school-house, which was built by subscription,
and by a "bee" of the villagers, on the west side of Pearl Street, just below Swan. The Now York Missionary
Society supplied the schoolmaster, " clear of any expense, except boarding him." The first teacher was a
Presbyterian minister. Rev. Samuel Whiting. The school-house was burned by a British torch on that fateful
December 31, 1813, when Buffalo itself lay in ashes. Joseph Palmer became a schoolmaster to the children
in the British garrison at Fort Erie, and died a year before the Buffalo school was burned.

As may have been inferred by the reader, when he saw the French duke in 1795 going to meet the stage
on its way from the Black Rock ferry to Batavia, and learned that the road did not come into the settlement
at Buffalo Creek because it was not known that anybody lived at the mouth of the creek, Buffalo had a danger-
ous rival in the live hamlet fast building into a village at the Black Rock ferr^ .

Fort Erie was a thriving little village in 1802 when the State Legislature quashed the Indian titles to the
mile strip along the American side of the Niagara River, and the ferry at Black Rock was a busy place. The
opening up of this mile strip, which included the ferry, threatened to make Black Rock a bigger place than
Buffalo. To counteract this, Joseph Ellicott put the Holland Land Company's property at Buffalo in the
market at once, and by judicious advertising and his own personal influence he succeeded in placing Buffalo
far in the lead. He sold the block now bounded by Genesee, Chippewa, Washington, and Ellicott streets for
$25, and the block corner of Main and Swan streets, running through to Eric Street, for $125. All land north
of Chippewa was sold for farms at $11 and $12 an acre. Black Rock was unequal to the race, and gave it up.

A post-office was established at Buffalo in 1802. Ezra Metcalf carried the mail on horse-back. He could,
and perhaps did, carry the letters in his waistcoat pocket. Ever since that day the post-ofBce business of
Buffalo, sure index of a city's growth, has been increasing at a marvellous rate. In 1879 there were 10,593,904
pieces of mail matter of all kinds handled at this office, which grew to 41,052,t3l7 last year (1889), or an
increase of 287^ per cent in the past decade !

John Palmer's log tavern was, in 1802, the scene of another interesting event. A Seneca Indian came to
the tavern one evening and tried to murder Palmer. William Ward and Joseph Keeler were sitting in the tavern

ILLUSTRATED

*BvffalojC

., THE<CtUEEN

^ CITY OF THE LAKES.

Palmer escaped, but the In-

door, and saw the assault.

dian turned and stabbed Ward to death. In capturing
the Indian, John Hewitt was also killed by the savage's
knife. The fury of the people in the little village was
so great that the Indian had to be taken to Fort Niagara

ILLUSTRATED

*^WFFAL0jC.c.^?i;.^l.!5l

for safety. A big band of warriors, armed to the teeth, entered Buffalo
next day and threatened wholesale massacre if the Indian was executed.
When they learned he had been taken to the fort, they set off at nnoo to release him leaving the settlement in a

ILLUSTRATED

*SvffalojC

THE QUEEN
CITY OF THE LAKCS.

«ad state of terror. The officers at the ijarrisun were firm, and no blood wan slied. Some lime afterwards llie
Indian was released, and he lived a long life on the Tuscarora reservation. The |)eo()le were not strong enoufjh
to enforce the demands of justice.

The first cemetery in Buffalo was on the site of the Wasliinglon Block, corner of Washington and
Exchange streets, but it was too low, was " too near the centre of the village," and a site outside of the more
populous district was selected — the block bounded by Franklin, Eagle, Delaware, and Church streets, and now
occupied by the City Hall, the political centre of the city. The first notab'c person buried there was the Seneca
chief Farmer's Brother, a wise, good, man, whose interment was honored by a military pageant. In 1832 tlie
use of this cemetery was discontinued, and from tliat date to the foundation of beautiful Forest Lawn, in 1849,
a five-acre tract at the corner of Delaware Avenue and North Street, was the principal burying ground. Forest
Lawn was tlie private enterprise of Charles E. Clark, who bought eighty acres of land for liis cemetery from
Warren Granger and liis brother, the Rev. J. N. Granger, for $150 an acre. A cemetery association was incor-
porated in 1855, which sold out to the present Buffalo City Cemetery Association in 1864. Land around that
tract is now worth $4,000 an acre.

At the time that Joseph EHicott put the Holland Land Company's lots on the market, he reserved the sites
of the present St, Paul's and tlie recent old First Presbyterian Church for religions purposes. Shortly after
this the first religious society was formed in Buffalo by a union of Presbyterians and Congrcgationalists who
were ministered to by the Rev, Thaddeus '

CHAPTER V.

The War ok lr^l2 again- Makks the Niagara Frontier Historic — Preparations at Dukkalo for the
Conflict — Poor Fortifications, Poor Soldiers, and Poor Progress in the Conquest of Canada

Farmer's Jjrother, the Seneca Chief, Teaches the Americans a Little Strategy that Results

in the Capture of Two British Vessels — The Battle of Queenstown Heights and Killing of
Gen. Brock — The Americans are Handicapped nv that Blockheaded Braggart, Gen. Smyth —
The Fizzle of all his Plans — Brave Gen. Van Rensselaer and his Wounded Chief op Staff.

The pages of Buffalo's history that were blank during tlic Ravolr.tionary War, were written all over with
blood and fire during the War of 1812.

The village had enjoyed a rapid growth ; liad been made the county scat ; possessed a temporary court
house, jail, and three good taverns ; was the home of several excellent physicians, and its merchants, surveyors,
and mechanics were busy and enterprising. Law and order reigned ; religion blot the liomes and made the
people more sober and gentle, and the liarsh judgment written in Dr. Timothy Dwighi's journal in 1804 was
no longer true of the inhabitants of Buffalo. The federal government had established, for conwnerce, the Dis-
trict of Buffalo Creek, which to-day lias registered on its books, 277 vessels, with a net tonnage of 136,751.61.
A collector of customs was appointed in 1805, whoso ofBce last year received $863,4.35.49 of government
revenues.

Just before the war-cloud burst over Buffalo, the village was endowed with that mighty civilizcr and
author of progress, a newspaper. The Buffalo Gazette saw the sunshine of Octobers, 1811, and bore the
imprint of Smith H. and Hczekiah A. Salisbury. Its columns read to-day give an unequalled epitome of that
dark period in our city's history.

Picture to yourself Buffalo in 1812, with a population of about 1,000 souls, and the neighboring village
of Black Rock with 700 inhabitants, and no railroad, telegraph, or canal communication; no steamboats, no
police, or fire departments, no fortifications to speak of, and no troops, with a strong British garrison, just across
the river and war declared with Great Britain !

The citizens meet to discuss the situation. The street corners and taverns are the scenes of earnest de-
bates. The government lias ordered the addition of 25,000 men to the regular army ; the state legislature has
met to prepare for war, and a government recruiting oflBccr has appeared in the village. He offers $16 bounty,
three months' extra pay, and 160 acres of land to every man who will enlist for five years. Ho gets many re-

ILLUSTRATED

emits. On May 17, 1812, Lt. Col. Swift arrives at Buffalo to command the forces of the frontier. The village-
is wrought up to a high pitch of patriotism. The day after the commander's arrival, Maj. Ben Whaley marches
through Buffalo from the South towns at the head of a company of militia, going to Lewiston. Thirty days
later Col. Swift has 600 men along the frontier, with two companies of regular troops guarding Buffalo, and
his own headquarters established at Black Rock. Three days later the citizens of Buffalo see with astonish-
ment a British war ship, that has been lying at anchor at Fort Erie, run out and capture a small American vessel
from Black Rock, loaded with salt. On the following day, June 27th, at 1 p.m., two small boats manned by
British soldiers capture the schooner Connecticut, belonging to Peter Colt of Black Rock. Local historians
contend that these two events were one; that the Connecticut was the first vessel captured. It was, however,
the first blow struck, and it was struck by Great Britain.

The people of Buffalo are nov^ no little alarmed, but their courage is inspired by the arrival home of their
member of Congress, the dashing and brave Peter B. Porter of Black Rock — a graduate of Yale, and destined
to become Secretary of War in the cabinet of John Quincy Adams, in 1828. Mr. Porter reaches home just
after the capture of the Connecticut. He hears all the news, tells of the declaration of war that he participated
in at Washington, and assures Col. Swift and his fellow citizens tliat he has come home to fight. The Six
Nations hold a council and decide to be neutral, but they favor the American cause. Col. Swift moves his
headquarters to Lewiston, and leaves the Buffalo command in charge of Major Frederick Miller. Gen.
William Wadsworth is placed in charge of the whole Niagara Frontier, but is soon relieved by Gen. Amos^
Hall, who in a few weeks gives place to Maj. Gen. Stephen Van Rensselaer, with Col. Solomon Van Rensselaer
as chief of staff. Fortifications are now built. On the south side of Conjockety Creek near its mouth the
"Sailors' Battery" is thrown up, and is defended by three long thirtytwo-pounders. On Niagara Street near
Black Rock a redoubt with three guns is built, called "Swift's Battery." Where now the street-carbarns
stand at the bend in Niagara Street, Fort Tompkins is built, with a barracks for quartering ti-oops. In a ravine
farther south an eight-inch mortar, called " The Old Sow," is planted.

On the northerly corner of the present Fort Porter grounds an earthwork is thrown up, defended by a
twenty-four-pound gun, and a breastwork is built at the foot of Pearl Street, at The Terrace. All these
defenses prove insufficient, for want of men and guns ; for the whole frontier of thirty-six miles has but 600
soldiers to defend it, and they are raw, undisciplined recruits. Across the river, battalions of finely-equipped
British soldiers of the regular army can be seen, in their red coats, drilling.

The British invade Grand Island, a favorite fishing and hunting ground of the Indians, and the Six
Nations declare war against Canada. General Hull ignominiously surrenders to the British at Detroit, and
the Niagara frontier is more than ever in danger, because the enemy at Detroit is now free to come down and
attack the American defenders. But General Van Rensselaer is reinforced by infantry from Oswego, by cav-
alry, and by the 19th Regiment under Colonel Bloom. Two thousand men are ordered from Pennsylvania to
Buffalo, and by October 1st General Van Rensselaer has quite a respectable army on the frontier. Meantime,
Lieut. Jesse D. Elliott, of the United States Navy, under Commodore Chauncey — who commanded the lakes —
has built up quite a lively ship-yard at the mouth of Conjockety Creek. Here he rebuilds prize ships, taken
by the Americans, and new vessels to be added to Perry's proud fleet at Erie, though his navy-yard is within
reacli of British guns at Fort Erie and of British vessels.

The old Seneca chief. Farmer's Brother, a born strategist, sees two poorly armed British vessels anchored
at Fort Erie, and he suggests to Elliott that they could easily be captured some dark night. They are the
schooner Caledonia, belonging to the English Northwestern Company, and the brig Detroit, formerly the
Adams, taken by the enemy and sarcastically named after the recent American defeat. There are on board
fifty-eight British soldiers, including three commissioned officers, together with twenty-seven American soldiers
who have been taken prisoners at Detroit. Elliott becomes enthused with the old Indian's idea, and organizes
an expedition to carry it out. He takes three boats, on the night of August 9th, with a detachment of sailors
just arrived from New York and fifty regular soldiers, and at 1 a.m. pulls silently across the river. Dr. Cyrenius
Chapin commands one boat. Sailing Master Watts another, and Elliott the remaining boat. Captain Towsen and
Lieutenant Roach, of the Second Artillery, with Ensign Prestman, command the soldiers, while the flotilla ispiloted
by Capt. James Sloan, of Black Rock, who knows every inch of the river. The British are taken completely
by surprise. The Detroit and Caledonia are quickly boarded. A fierc? resistance is made, but in ten minute.*

ILLUSTRATED

^^BWFAL0J^

^v^ till' Americans have made the enemy prisoners, and before tlie jiarrison at
^^ Fort HIrie can fire a shot, they arc making down tlic river with their prizes,
^ut one American soldier is killed and four wounded.

On October 13th the British retaliated by bombarding Black Rock all

ILLUSTRATED

day. Several houses are damaged, and the terrified residents desert the town for shelter out of range. Only
one man, a negro marine, is killed.

The American force on the frontier numbers 5,206 on October 12th, distributed at BuSalo, Black Rock,
Lewiston, and Fori Niagara. More than half are regular troops. The British forces are commanded by Maj.-
Gcn. Sir Isaac Brock, K.B., a veteran, who has strengthened the fortifications at Fort Erie, and has built bat-
teries opposite Breckenridge Street, Black Rock, and at Queenstown, Chippewa, and other points. The Britisi'
have three vessels on Lake Erie — the Queen Charlotte, twenty-two guns; the Hunter, twelve guns, and a smn i
schooner.

On the day of the bombardment of Black Rock, General Van Rensselaer begins the invasion of Canada.
His second in command, Brig. -Gen. Alexander Smyth, is a conceited blockhead, who refuses to consult in person
with his superior, and by his stubbornness and gross discourtesy to the brave Van Rensselaer is soon to cause the
failure of a well-planned battle. The " History of Buffalo" by Bigelow and Larned gives a graphic description
of this battle, and the details of Smyth's unpardonable conduct. At 3 a.m. on October 13th, General Van
Rensselaer's chief of staff crosses at Lewiston with 300 militia, followed by Lieutenant Christie with 300 regu-
lars. General Van Rensselaer is in command. They are to be followed by Lieutenant-Colonel Fenwick and
Major Mullany with 550 regulars and several pieces of artillery, as soon as Queenstown Heights are carried.
They cross in due time, and by gallant fighting the heights are won. Brock is killed, his ckief aid is mortally
wounded, the enemy retreats in disorder, and the Americans prepare to occupy and fortify the town. They
need reinforcements to hold this commanding point, and General Van Rensselaer re-crosses to Lewiston to bring
over the militia, but he finds only a cowardly, howling mob, who have been unable to sec the turn of battle in
their favor, but who arc thoroughly frightened at the first sound of guns, and claim it is nnconstitutional to order
them into a foreign country ! These are they that have been loudest in demanding the invasion of Canada, and
who have denounced their brave general for alleged tardiness in attacking Queenstown! Commands, entreaties,
oaths, and threats arc of no avail. Poor Van Rensselaer sees tlie British march out of Fort George to retake
the heights, and he knows that if his mililia had not mutinied he could capture that evacuated fort, wipe
out the disgrace of Hull, and retrieve the lost honor of the army. Smyth, at Buffalo, is not taking the part
ordered of him. The Americans in possession of the heights are not strong enough to hold their conquest,
and are routed with awful disorder and death. Colonel Van Rensselaer is six times wounded, but recovers,
and General Van Rjnssclaer pays the price of a defeat, not his own, by giving place to the man Smyth, who
could have made the battle of Queenstown Heights a glorious victory if he had done his duty to Van Rensselaer.

Smyth now assays to capture Canada, and gets out several bombastic proclamations, calling men to his
standard. He invites them to "come on, my heroes," and "submit to the salutary restraints of discipline."
He has every reason to expect success, for he has several thousand more troops than Van Rensselaer had, and
boats enougli to carry 3,000 men across the river. On November 27th he orders the forces forward. Lieu-
tenant Angus with fifty seamen captures the British battery opposite Black Rock, spikes the guns, and throws
them in the river, but he loses twelve officers and twenty-two men killed and wounded. Captain King and a
detachment that crossed wirli Angus captures two other batteries, spiking the guns, and taking thirty-four pris-
oners. Lieutenant-Colonel Boerstler, who has been ordered to disperse the guard at the bridge over French
Creek, and then to burn it, gets frightened and brings his men back to Buffalo. Not receiving his co-opera-
tion Angus returns, and Colonel Winder, alarmed for Captain King's safety, goes to rescue him with 250 men,
but is repulsed by a strong force of British with a loss of six killed and nineteen wounded. Smyth has ordered
the main army to advance at C a.m., but he is in bed when the firing begins, trusting to his subordinates to
embark the troops. By 1 p.m. they are ready in the boats to cross, but Smyth disembarks them. He dines,
and calls a council of war to re-consider the advisability of crossing at all ! He sends a demand to the British
to surrender, orders his soldiers back to their quarters, allows Captain King and his command to remain pris-
oners, and gets up a new "proclamation," announcing " to-morrow" as the date for the invasion. Says he :
" All the corps will be at the navy-yard ready to embark. The general [himself] will be on board ! Neither
rain, snow, nor frost will prevent the embarkation. The music will play martial airs. Yankee Doodle will be
the signal to get under way. The landing will be made in spite of cannon. Hearts of war! to-morrow will
be memorable in the annals of the United States."

Rats ! Falstaff, rats !

ILLUSTRATED
THE
CITY OF THE LAKES.

^UFOTLOji^^-''"'^^""''

What was the enemy doing? Kepairing earthworks and roindiiiiting guns, gctlinf; roiiiforcemeiits, and
taking advantage of the notification from Smyth that lie is going to visit Canada. Gen. I'ctcr B. Porter
remonstrates with the blockliead Smytli, but only gets the embarkation put off one more day. Though there
are but four days' rations on hand for y,500 men, Smyth determines to invado Canada. At 'i a.m. Deecrnbir
1st tiie advance begins, but delay makes it daylight before the flotilla is off. Then Smyth calls another council
of war to consider whether Canada shall be invaded at all this season! Considering the previwus fizzle, 1 lie
shortness of rations, and the great opportunity that had been given to the enemy to prepare for invasion, lliu
wise aides vote unanimously against the campaign. The soldiers are again ordered out of the boats. The
volunteers go home disgusted; tlie regulars are put into winter quarters, but before parting they ciirse Smyth
roundly, and 4,000 men fire their muskets in the air in token of contempt.

Smyth is the object of ridicule to the whole country. His proclamations are retold in doggerel rhyme,
and he is compelled to challenge Gen. Peter B. Porter for calling him a coward in the Buffalo Gazette. The
duel is fought on Grand Island, but neither is scratched. Smyth gets a leave of absence, goes home to Vir-
ginia, and soon afterward is legislated out of office by Congress.

CIlAPTKi; VI.
The Bombardment and Invasion of Black Rock by tiik Bkitisii. — Their Repulse and Flight. — Cow-

ARDLV MoClUKE AND THE BuRNINQ OF Bl'FFALO. EnD OF TIIE WaR OF 1812. LaUNCH OF THE FiRST

Steamboat on the Great Lakes. — An Eccentric Hebrew's Scheme for Founding a City of Ref-
uge FOR the Jews on Grand Island. — Opening of the Erie Canal. — La Fayette Visits Buffalo.
— Anti-Mason Excitement, and the Patriot War. — Cholera Claims Hundreds of Victims in
Buffalo. — The First Hailkgad to the ("itv, and CJhowth of the Railway Interest in the Queen
City up to the Present Day.

Stern o'er each bosom reason holds her state,

Willi daring aims irregularly great.

Pride in their port, defiance in their eye,

I see the lords of human kind pass by.

Intent on high designs— a thouglitful band,

By forms unfashiou'd, fresh from Nature's hand,

Fierce in their native hardiness of soul.

True to imagin'd right, above control;

While even the peasant bctsts these rights to scan,

And learns to venerate himself a man.

(hihliimith.

In the Revolutionary War, the sturdy Anglo-Saxon pioneers of America, unlearned in war, but full of
pluck, endurance, and enthused by the justness of their cause, were bound to triumph in the end over imported
enemies, who were unused to the hardships of a wilderness war, and uninspired by the fiercer patriotism of the
Aineticans, wlio had not only their nation's honor to uphold, but their own homes to defend from the torch of
the invaders, and their families to protect from the ruthless hand of the enemy's savage allies.

The rigors of winter reduces the American forces. A fatal disease breaks out in the Buffalo garrison and
takes two hundred victims. They are buried in a trench, on land that now makes the park me.-idow, and a
willow tree planted at each end of the ditch is the only monument. Not one in a thousand who now visits this
beautiful spot knows of these .soldiers' graves. The British and Americans spend the winter preparing for hos-
tilities. Lieutenant Elliott is busy at his navy-yard, fitting out vessels that are to become members of the im-
mortal squadron of Commodore Oliver Hazard I'erry, and the youthful commodore is often seen on the
streets of Buffalo.

The spring of 1813 sees continuous victories for the American cause. General Dearborn and Commodore
Chaunccy set out from Sackett's Harbor and capture York (Toronto); the fleet of Chauncey appears off Fort
George, opposite to Fort Niagara, and the frightened redcoats evacuate without firing a gun. On the same

Cr;

rtu5i>^^

^^M

^^e
^

■ — sBmssSFS

'^^'^

(?1TY

ILLUSTRATED
THE
C!TY OF THE LAKES.

^UFIOTLOJU^. THE'QVSEN

.l!.y, May I'Ttli, Ki.it Krio begins luiotlu-r bombardment of Black Keck, but after ririui; all .lay ami all niitbt tlir
comuianiiant biirsUs liis guns, blows up liis magazines, burns his stores, dismisses his militia, and retreats.
The Americans take possession. IJeforc June 1st, both flanks of the enemy arc routed without tuiiig a gun,
and were the Americans stronger in numbers they could follow up with the conf|iiest of Canada. Some bold
skirmishing is done, in whicli the valiant Dr. Cyrenius Chapin of Buffalo, with his company of mounted rifles,
docs heroic service. But the British recover courage, and on July lOtb start from Lundy'a Lane to assault
Black Rock, with a strong force of regulars and militia, under Lieutenant ('oloiiel Bishop. They surprise tlic
sentinel at the drawbridge over Conjockety Creek, who dro[)s his musket without firing an alarm, and runs into
the woods. The British march silently pa.st the barracks where the American soldiers arc sleeping; approach
Major Adam's camp, near by, but find the soldiers have been warned and are fled, and at General I'orter's
mansion (still standing) discover that the owner has fled on horseback clothed in a white garment! The in-
vaders burn the barracks and block house; spike the guns, carry off the artillery, and take several citizens of
Black Kock prisoners. The oflicers order General Porter's servants to get breakfast, and seeing from the man-
sion windows their reinforcements crossing at Black Rock believe themselves to be concjuering heroes. 15ut
the Americans are rallying at Buffalo, amid wildest confusion and the shrieking of women, who embrace their
husbands and sons a dozen times before leaving them, armed with all .sorts of weapons, to be butchered by
the enemy, as they believe. Farmer's Brother arouses the Senecas, at Cold Spring, wiiere they are guarding the
home of Judge Granger, and marches at their head to aid his friend. General Porter, who commands the mixed
force of defenders at Buffalo.

While the British arc breakfasting at (ieiieral Porter's house, three tuindrcd iiumi. made de.sperate by the
clanger to their homes and families, arc marching down Niagara Street to repulse the invaders. The forces
meet near Ferry Street and for nearly half an liour fight fiercely. Tlic redcoats are beaten back ; Lieutenant-
Colonel Bishop, their leader, who had hardly finished breakfast when the fight began, is seen riding one of
General Porter's hor.ses, and is shot and killed while leading the retreat. The invaders lose eight killed, seven
left wounded on the field, and fifteen prisoners, besides others killed while pulling away in their boat-s, by
volleys from shore.

September brings news of Perry's glorious victory, and Buffalo is illuminated by bonfires, and loud salutes
.ire fired. The war is nearly ended, but Buffalo is yet to see her darkest day. Gen. George McClure of Steuben
<:ommands tlie American forces on the frontier. His headquarters are at the captured Fort George. But the
term of enlistment of most of his militia expiring, lie is compelled to abandon that po.st and to cross to Fort
Niagara. With most unpardonable cruelty, before retreating, he burns the ])eaceful Canadian village of
Newark, in winter, turning the inhabitants out into the snow. Probably preferring the more comfortable
surroundings of a village, McClure soon comes to Buffalo leaving Fort Niagara guarded by but one hundred
and fifty men. The British see their opportunity and capture Fort Niagara. McClure, with unaccountable
cowardice, then retreats to Batavia, taking his regulars with him. The militia at Buffalo feel weak in numbers
and in experienced commanders, while the enemy are burning to avenge the destruction of Newark. At
midnight, of December 29th, they appear at Black Rock, and drive back the volunteer guard in confusion. Up
Niagara Street they come, setting fire to every house, and their sav.igo .Mohawk allies .scatter through the wilder-
ness of what is now the populous tenth and eleventh wards. At every clearintj they burn the homes and
tomahawk the farmers. The volunteers rally at the corner of Main and Niagara Streets, where they fire a nine-
pound gun until they break a truck wheel, and thus crippled. Dr. Chapin tears off a piece of his shirt and
■waving it on his sword advances to surrender the whole town to the vengeful invaders. But ho is not in
authority and the enemy, after a parley, refuse to treat with him. Meanwhile the Indians have reached upper
Main Street and arc coming down in hordes, burning and massacreing as they come — but fortunately most of
the women and children have fled out Seneca Street, and in the snow along the lake shore.

Fire laid nearly the whole village in ashes that day, and on the next the enemy returned .ind finished
their work. Not half a dozen buildings remained. Newark was fully avenged.

Tliese are the last eventful scenes for Buffalo, in the War of 1812. In 1814, the Americans captured
Fort Erie, and fight the victorious battles of Lundy's Lane and Chippewa. General Jackson takes New Orleans
and peace is declared.

Slowly the village is rebuilt. In 18L'i> a new village charter is granted superseding the one of 1813, wiiich

ILLUSTRATED

=*U J^ii CITY OF THE LAKESi

the destruction of the town seemed to liave invalidated. Brick is now largely used for building instead of"
combustible lumber and logs, and a rival newspaper, the Niagara Journal, stimulates discussion and helps to
advertise Buffalo as a place of desirable residence. The court house, built in 1816, is an imposing brick
structure, that stood and was used until 1876. The Erie canal is projected; a slave woman and child are
advertised for sale in the Oasette oi January 27, 1818; St. Paul's Church is organized; stage routes are
opened in every direction, and in 1818, also, the great Seneca orator Red Jacket clinstens the tirst steamboat
to ply the lakes. She has a walking-beam engine, is launched at Black Rock, and is named Watk-m-the-
Water. The Rev. Father Kelly of Rochester comes to Buffalo in 1821 and says the first mass of the Roman
Catholic Church in this region since Father Hennepin and his bark chapel, and he says it in St. Paul's Episco-
pal Church !

From Mr. Henry S. Thayer's valuable little "Corporate History of Buffalo," we learn that the first tax in
Buffalo was levied November 11, 1816, and amounted to $1,400; that the first fire company was organized on
March 7, 1817, and the second in 1824; that in 1826 licences were granted to fourteen taverns and sixty-four
groceries; that sidewalks were ordered laid July 27, 1829; that on April 20, 1832, the City of Buffalo was
incorporated, with five wards, and that the foundation of the present city charter was laid in a convention
called in 1853 to revise the charter of 1832.

In April 1821, Erie County was separated from Niagara County, and Millard Fillmore, a young lawyer,
began to teach school on upper Main Street. The liarbor of Buffalo Creek was being built by the admirable
energy and pluck of Judge William Wilkcson, with money raised by private enterprise, and by this Black
Rock gets a set back, as well as in the efforts of that ambitious village to be the terminus of the Erie Canal, for
the commissioners — De Witt Clinton, Gen. Stephen Van Rensselaer, Henry Seymour, Myron Holley, and Samuel
Young — hear the claims of both villages (in dignified court in the dancing hall of the Eagle Tavern), as cham-
pioned by Judge Wilkeson and Gen. Peter Porter, respectively. On August 9, 1823 ground is broken near
the present Commercial Street bridge, for the great Erie canal, and the event is properly celebrated. The year
1825 saw Buffalo with 2,412 inhabitants, four newspapers and about five hundred houses. That year the whole
country was absorbed in a sensation equalling the recent Kemmler execution — the trial, condemnation, and
hanging of the three Thayers, for the murder of John Love in the village of Boston, Erie County. That same
year La Fayette visited Buffalo, and it was also the date of the laying of the corner-stone of " Ararat, a City of
Refuge for the Jews," by the eccentric Hebrew journalist, Major Mordecai Manuel Noah, who planned to build
such a city I'li «;iaii(l Island. Messrs. Bigelow and Lamed thus describe the event:

"The st.iiie was cut from the Cleveland, O. sandstone quarries, and after being engraved, was placed on
the altar of St. Paul's Church for the ceremony of 'laying.' There was a grand procession of soldiers, Free
Masons and citizens, with Major Noah in black and crimson robes as ' Judge of Israel ' wearing a golden
medallion and chain. The band played the march from Judas Maccabeus, the organ swelled forth a 'Jubilate,'
the congregation sang 'Before Jehovah's Awful Throne' 'Old Hundred ;" morning prayer was said. Rev.
Addison Searle, the rector of St. Paul's preached. Judge Noah explained his project, the Masons ' laid ' the
corner-stone, the crowd dispersed, guns were fired, there was a banquet at the Eagle ; Major Noah went back to
New York — and that was the end of ' Ararat' The corner-stone now reposes in the rooms of the Historical
Society."

The same year the Erie canal was opened, with great ceremony throughout the State. Cannons were
placed the whole length of the canal, within hearing distance of each other, and when Governor Clinton and his
party left for Albany on the first boat the event was telegraphed, by cannon shots, to Albany and back. Judge
Wilkeson, later, brought a barrel of ocean water to Buffalo and poured it into Lake Erie, thus wedding the
mighty inland seas to the everlasting ocean.

. The Niagara frontier produced another national sensation, 1825 — the mysterious disappearance of William
Morgan, after his expose of Free Masonry. The affair got into politics and in 1829 all the lodges in Erie
County gave up their charters.

That awful demon, Asiatic cholera visited America in 1832, returning in 1834, and Buffalo felt its sharp
fangs and hot breath. Wagon loads of victims were buried in hastily-dug graves, and doctors, nurses, under-
takers and priests worked day and night. Again it returned in 1849, but was not so deadly.

Buffalo grew .steadily from the day it got its charter, in 1832, till 1880, gaining an average of about

ILLUSTRATED

^xSvffalojC

THE QUEEN
CITY OF THE L^AKCgi

151

37,000 each decade. But during the jiiist decade (1880-18fl0) slie lias gained 101,400! Somctinies a
" boom " w;us worked up, by land speculators, and was invariably followed by a crasli.

Still another national sensation had its rise and dcatli on the Niagara frontier — the Patriot War, so called —
being an effort of a political party in Canada to free the Dominion from British control. The many sympa-
thizers on the American side, who were organized into secret societies, and the attempts at invasion, together,
with the burning of the steamer Caroline at Schlosser dock, foot of Sugar Street, Niagara Kails, and her fiery
flight over the great cataract, made talk for two nations, and added many interesting pages to our local history.

Business was paralyzed by the financial panic of 1S37, but soon recovered, and 1842 saw the first railroad
enter Buffalo — the Buffalo and Attica Railroad. To-day there arc twenty-seven railroads in and to this city,
with more than G50 miles of tracks within the city limits, or more than any other city in the world, and four
new roads iire projected and building, including the great Canadian Pacific. The railroads own, within the

forty-lwu b4uare uiilL- of our rity, :3,600 aerc-s of laml. The depots of nearly ]■_', 000 miles of railroad are con-
<entrated in this city, and adding the sidings, second, third and fourth tracks, and the total would be 25,000
miles. When Buffalo was incorporated, in 1832, there were but 100 miles of railroad in the Tnited States.

It is not the purpose of the writer to make these pages a faithful record of Buffalo's history. It is only
an historical sketch, and much of great importance must necessarily be omitted. But he prefers to slight these
later years, and leave unwritten the events of the Rebellion, and of the thirty years following 1850, because
those events are fresh in the minds of thousands of onr citizens, and arc written in their memories more
accurately and graphically than can be told by a younger man, who, as is true of the writer, has no personal
recollections whatever of that awful conflict. Therefore, in the succeeding pages, come with him and look into
the wonders of growth, commerce, trade, and municipal development that shall be unfolded by a study of
" To-dav in Buffalo."

ILLUSTRATED

THE aUEEN
CITY OF THE LAKES.

CHAPTER VII.

A New Study of Buffalo's Marvellous Growth on Some of her More Prominent Lines of Develop-
ment — Astonishing Facts Revealed by Comparing the Complex Figures of Our Commerce with
Familiar Features of Growth — If our Annual Grain Receipts were Dumped into Lake Erie, a
Bushel a Minute, it would Take More Than Two Hundred and Twenty-five Years to Dispose
of the Total Amount — Our Annual Lumber Imports would Lay a Plank Sidewalk Ten Feet
Wide and Nearly Twenty Thousand Miles Long — Our Yearly Exports of Coal would Fill a
Train of Cars Ten Thousand Five Hundred Miles in Length — Similar Stories About All of
Our Staple Imports, and also of the City's Municipal Growth.

Come where thy broader path, O! History, waits,

And walk with Empire through her western gates:

Come where a fairer day to Earth is born, —

The Old World's evening is the New World's morn,—

And, in the lustre of that larger Sun,

Look forth and see thy grandest task begun.

No pomp or kingly glory here has birth,

Nor crumbling temple sinks to classic earth;

But, young and fair, beneath these western skies.

The emblems of a hundred Empires rise.

David Gray.

It is said of Gladstone that when, as Prime Minister, he urged the passage of the annual Budget, he had a
happy faculty of making figures interesting; of weaving a fairy tale to his hearers, while unwinding a mile of
numerals, and of relating most enchanting anecdotes while unfolding endless royal requests for revenue.

It is indeed a happy faculty, for figures are dull, stupid things, and even dressed up in the silk clothes of
rhetoric they still remain headaches to most people.

It is easy to say that Buffalo's growth is wonderful, and another thing to prove it, and it cannot be proved
without figures, so here goes for the inevitable :

Take the grain trade. Living men remember when vessels loaded with wheat, from western lake ports,
were unloaded at the old Central Wharf at the foot of Main Street, by carrying the grain up a lailder out of
the hold in tubs on men's shoulders. Last year the grain received by Buffalo amounted to 118,273,430 bushels.
If this grain were put intoj tubs and placed on men's shoulders, a bushel to a man and the men two feet
apart, the procession would roach 44,800^ miles, or nearly twice around the earth at the equator. If dumped
into Lake Erie, a bushel every minute, it would take 225 years, 3 months and 5 days, reckoning 365 days
to the year, to throw this grain away. If this almost incomprehensible flood of grain is pouring into Buffalo
to-day, with the great Northwest only beginning to be developed, what will be the receipts in the coming years ?
And what a stimulus to the growth of this city ; for the men to receive, handle, weigh, measure out, and re-ship
or grind this grain must live in Buffalo 1

Take the lumber trade. The same living men remember when Michigan,Wisconsin, and the Georgian Bay
region was a howling wilderness, with wild animals the only inhabitants, and never an axe had felled a tree to
be floated in a raft to Buffalo, or sawed up and shipped here as lumber. How is it to-day, when high priced
dock privileges have driven the bulk of the business to our suburban port of Tonawanda, where it is principally
owned by Buffalo men ? The combined receipts of lumber at Buffalo and Tonawanda last year (not including
stave bolts, staves, or railroad ties, of all of which the imports were large) were 1,043,790,200 feet, or sufficient
to lay a plank sidewalk ten feet broad and 19,769 miles long, or more than three-fourths the distance around
the earth at the equator. If a man were to stamp the letter "A" upon each square foot of this lumber, and if
he could stamp two feet every second, it would take him nearly seventeen years to finish the job ! And the
lumber business is not falling off in the pine regions, as has been said. The exports to Buffalo and Tonawanda
iiave increased seventy-five per cent in the past ten years, and now comes the Canadian Pacific railroad into
Buffalo, direct from the inexhaustible pine forests of the British provinces.

JLLUSTKATED

^SwFALOj^.

Take tbc iron trade, tliu most hopeful of any of the imports of staples. In is70, the rcceipta were only
60,242 tons. The mines of Pennsylvania sent a little more eacli year during the decade endini.' with 1880.
Since that time the great, rich mountains of Bessemer ore have been found at Lake Vermillion and workcil.
The ore cannot l>c profitably smelted there, nor at Chicago, Milwaukee, nor at Detroit, because coal is too ex-
pensive, but the vessels carrying up-cargoes of coal from Buffalo bring this ore down to the Queen City on their
return trips, and thus the imports were increased to the enormous total of 479,840 tons received in 1889, or a
ijain of C96 per cent, since 18701 And the trade is only just begun, with natural gas fuel in abundance soon
to flow into Buffalo, to make this one of the cheapest smelting points in the world.

Look at the live stock trade. As the flocks of sheep and herds of cattle multiply on the western moun-
tain sides and prairies ; as the swine fatten in the corn states and horses increase upon the blue-grass pastures
of Kentucky ; as the profitableness of raising all these animals is yearly proven to the producers, and thus in-
duces more millions of American and foreign money to go into those industries, so surely do they one and all
combine to increase the prosperity of Buffalo, their natural market and distributing point. Let us prove this
by figures.

In 1857, when Gen. Fremont "The ralhtinder," had just opened up the great West, and the raising of
cattle was established as an industry, Buffalo received 108,203 head of cattle. In 1889 she received 898,149
head. In 1857, Buffalo received but 117,168 head of hogs, but last year (1889) the number was 3,966,560.
In 1857 this city received only 307,549 head of sheep, but last year the total was 2,434,800, making her the
largest sheep market in the world. See the increase in the horse business of BuffaU): Ten years ago (1879)
the receipts were 20,976 head, that grew to 59,033 head in 1889, or an increase of more than 181 per cent, in
the past decade, making Buffalo one of the largest horse markets in the world.

The importance of Buffalo as a meat packing and slaughtering point has also wonderfully developed in
the past ten years, and many cattle men believe that it will outrank Chicago in these industries before another
ten years. Here is a comprehensive way of showing this increase in the number of animals slaughtered :
Head of cattle. Head of hogs. Head of sheep.

1879 28,000 406,295 88.600.

1889 66,500 1,894.785 790.800.

Increase in cattle slaughtered, 138 per cent.; hogs, 366 per cent; sheep 792 percent.! A magnificent
total, and made for the first time on this page. And think of the men whom this great labor at East Buffalo
must employ, as the business increases, and it surely will, in the coming years. It is no wonder, of the gain
of 101,409 inhabitants made by Buffalo in the i)ast ten years, with her thirteen populous wards; that the three
wards of East Buffalo should have gained 63,145 of that number, or more than 56 i)er cent, of the net gain of
the whole city !

Look at the coal trade, that more than any other single possession makes Buffalo the mistress of an inland
empire.

Before the development of the Northwest, Buffalo was only a local distributing point for coal. But as the
homes and hearth-stones multiplied in the West, with their supporting factories and locomotives, the demand
for coal increased, and it was too expensive to send it West on wheels. So the producers sought the natural
highway — the lake — and brought their millions of tons of coal to Buffalo to be put into vessels. This handling
of fuel added more thousands to the city's population, and raised her up to be the largest eoal distributing
point in the world, which place she proudly holds to-day. This great progress has principally been made in the
past decade. We see that Buffalo received, from all sources, only 1,827,804 tons of coal in 1879, while last year
(1889) her exports alone were 3,168,343 tons, exceeding her imports of ten yeare before by seventy-three and
one third per cent., not including the immense consumption of coal in Buffalo for a whole year. It is estimated
that the family consumption, not including factory uses, was 305,000 tons in 1889. The requirements of manu-
facturing, and of the thousands of locomotives running out of the city, was many times greater than the family
use. Estimating the average load of a freight car to be twenty tons, and the average length of a car 35 feet, it
would take a train of cars more than 10,500 miles long to haul the coal exported by Buffalo last year. This
train would reach, in a direct line, if it were possible, from Buffalo to the South Pole, and a thousand miles be-
yond ; or due West to Pekin, China, and if a carload were dumped every minute, it would take eleven months,
in working days of ten hours each, to unload it. If we are to judge from the preparations now making, this

ILLUSTRATED

enormous output of coal from Buffalo will be doubled in the next five years. Wo now have nine shipping
docks and coal pockets in the city, with a daily average shipping capacity of 27,500 tons. In addition to these,
just over the city line in Cheektowaga is the stocking coal trestle of the Delaware Lackawana & Western Eail-
road Company, with a capacity of more than 100,000 tons storage. Also at the same place the Lehigh Com-
pany has built a stocking plank of 150,000 tons storage, with a daily shipping capacity of 2,000 tons. At the
Bame point the Eric railroad has a plant for storing 100,000 tons, and for delivering 1,000 tons a day; and
the New York Central road is now building there a coal storage trestle to accommodate 250,000 tons. The
Buffalo, Rochester, and Pittsburgh Comj)any has also bought land for a big coal storage trestle.

So we see that Buffalo's grain feeds nations ; that her lumber would make shelter for millions ; that her
iron trade gives employment to hundreds of thousands ; that her live-stock feeds millions of the race, and that

her coal keeps the wheels of all the factories in an inland empire in motion, and cheers, and brightens, and warms
a million homes.

Now listen to Buffalo's minor stories of progress, lior imports of lead were thirty-five times greater last
year than ten years ago ; her receipts of copper were proportionately great ; of fresh fish, the imports were
10,260,000 pounds, making her the largest fresh fish market in the world; of manufacturing there was an in-
crease of 100 per cent, in the number of establishments and of the capital invested. In the past ten years, the
banking capital of Buffalo has doubled ; the increase in real estate values, as shown by the Assessors' books,
has been 89^ per cent, or nearly 9 per cent, a year on every dollar invested in land in Buffalo. There has
been an increaseiu marriages of 78.6 per cent.; of births over deaths, a gain of 46 per cent, proving the
claim for healthfulness of the city; of post-office business there was a gain of 287.5 per cent., and of custom
house receipts, 68 per cent, increase. The city's own business shows that her additions to corporation property
made a gain 168.6 per cent, in the decade ; of water supply, an increase of 252 per cent; of street paving an
of 1 1 2. per cent, and in length of sewers, 97 per cent. Tier school registration increased 74.2 per

ILLUSTRATED

: THE

i CITY OF THE LAKESiJ

JUFFALOM THEau^^EH

cent., and the cost of miiintenancc 168.5 per cent., while tlio number of teachers is 50 per cent, larger tiian it
was ten years ago. When it is renienibereJ that during the same period the population of Buffalo incre:iscd
66 per cent., or nearly three times faster than the growth of New York City, as shown by tlie last census re-
ports, it must be admitted that this development has been solid, healthy, and in no way nor in the least as the
result of " a boom."

CIIAPTEIi VIII.

'kooKESS ok lllKKAl.O A.VD THE LaWS GoVEKNINU HIE (luOWTII OK A (iUEAT C'lTV TllE N'lAClAKA 1'"aI,L8

TrN'NEL Pkoject and Its Pkouaule Ekkect Upon the I'Y'tuke ok Bukfalo and the Niaoaka Fkon-
TiER — Cost ok Water Power at other Manukacturino Points — An Estimate ok Buffalo's Popu-
lation for the Year 1900, Based upon Facts Shown by the Census Reports — Nature Conspires
WITH Max to Give Buffalo Advantages Superior to any other ('ity.

Nature, a mother kind alike to all,

SliU grants her bliss at Labor's earnest call.

From art more various arc the blessings sent—
Wealth, commerce, honor, liberty, content.

Coldstmith.

The present proud position that Butfalo holds ainon<^ tlie great cities of the world w;is won by Labor and
the peaceful arts, favored and blest by Nature.

There arc certain elements in the growth of a great city wliich may perhaps be called laws, so fixed and
■ .rtain is their course and effect. Let us look into these laws:

The growth of a city is like the building up of a private fortune. The first thousand comes slowly, by
ijieat labor, economy and foresight. After the first thousand it becomes a little easier to get ahead, and growth
becomes steady. The proportion of growth increases, until what was only a slow but sure pace, becomes a trot,
and the trot a gallop.

After a man gets a million dollars, cverytiiing runs his way — opportunities, advantages, and even circnm-
>i.inces seem to conspire to make him richer. So with a city. Tlierc comes a time when the village buds into a
town. Soon the town, as a city, gets a charter. Then, with the jiowcrs of a corporation, it begins to improve
itself — to build parks, have street railroads, fine schools and business blocks, and constantly adds more facilities
and advantages to induce outsiders to conic in, and at tlie same time this ratio or proportion of growth increases
until everything runs that way. And, lo, the city is a mctropolits ! dictating in commerce, polities and finance;
able to make its power felt throughout the globe.

It has been like this with Buffalo. It took her more than half :i,centiiiy to climb from a population of
8,653 to become in ISVO, the thirteenth city in the Union, in population. But, sec how the hard struggles of
her early years, and the foresight of lier pioneers, made her present wonderful development possible. Her
geograi)hical position was most favorable. She was the jumping-off-]ilacc between the great inland seas and
the ocean. She wiis the gateway through which cominerco to the seaboard had to pass. As this commerce
grew, she grew, and if every Buffalonian would but stop to think of it, he would rejoice at the prosperity and
the building up of Chicago, Duluth, all the upper lake ports, and those cities " on Dakota's plains," for their
increase means our growth ; their prosperity, ours. And to the effect upon Buffalo's growth of this development
of the great Northwest, sending its countless tons of freight to and through Buffalo, must be added the effect
of the increasing population of Western New York, whose twelve counties to-day liold more than 2,000,000
people — a district of which Buffalo is and always will be the natural di-stributing center.

As a proof of the truth of the parallel between the incrc;isc of a fortune and the growth of a city, I have
brought figures to assist the case. The fact that the more money a man makes the more he ean make (because
the more power given to him, the more he has of it to exert, and money is a power) needs no use of figures to
prove. But that the ratio of gain in jiopulation that a city gets from a healthy growth, increases by the very
possession of this power is proven in his manner: In 1860 Buffalo had a population of 81,129 — not a large

66 ^^BWFALOA -^"^^"^^^

ILLUSTRATED

THE
CITY OF THE LAKES.

city. There was a good deal of the overgrown village about her, even then. Ten years lat«r she had become
the home of 117,714 people — a splendid record. This was a gain of 45 jjcr cent, in ten years. But with these
new inhabitants came more laborers, more advantages, better facilities for business, and more of that potent
factor— money. Then we see our economic law assert itself. Buffalo has reached that point when, like the
fortune, everything is running her way — opportunities, advantages, and a conspiracy of circumstances— and she
is rushing on to become a great metropolis. So we see that from 1880 to 1890, she jumped from 155,134 to
256,543 (less than the City Directory estimate, July, 1889 — 266,588) or a gain of 66 per cent, in ten years.

A keen observer, a graphic writer, and one of a family of wise men — Frank Wilkeson — has said, through
the columns of the A^ew York Times: "As 1 look forward to Buffalo's future, I am not at all certain that
Chicago will be the largest city on the lakes." And the editor of the Wew Yor/i; Tribune, having a few facts
about Buffalo's marvelous growth presented to him, exclaims editorially : " The past of Buffalo is secure, and
her manifest destiny is evidently to be something tremenduous."

Simultaneously with the announcement to the world that America would hold the next great carnival of
Industry and Peace in 1893, the news also was spread that the greatest industrial wonder of the greatest age of
man was to be wrought, the conversion of water-power at Niagara Falls into force sufficient three times over
to drive all the machinery in Buffalo, and yet take but a rivulet away from that mighty cataract. This was
news that two generations had waited for; that old men rejoiced that they had lived to hear; that wise men
and historians had prophesied would one day be announced, and news that, even while I write, is still passing
from mouth to mouth around the globe. The great New York dailies have given pages to the unfolding of
the plan, while those accurate and conservative journals, the trade and industrial papers, have begun to see, in
the very near future, all the wheels of the Empire State turned by the mighty cataract, and themselves are
prophesying in Niagara's name.

Let us approach this wonderfully absorbing subject calmly, and try, by simple statement of fact and by
simple figures to learn just what can be expected for Niagara Falls and Buffalo from the development of this
water-power.

The plan is well-known. A tunnel starting from the level of the river below the Falls, and being about 24
feet in diameter, will be bored for nearly three miles almost parallel with the course of the river above the Falls,
and gradually inclining upward until at its end it will still be 145 feet below the level of the river. The tunnel
will not be directly under the river, but some distance to the east. Canals will be dug from the river over to
and past a line on the surface of the ground directly over the tunnel, but on this line perpendicular shafts will
be sunk straight down to the tunnel, and turbine water wheels will be set at the bottom, fed from the canals
above, and emptying into the tunnel, which is merely a tail-race. The canals above tvill float ships, and on
their banks mills will be built for all kinds of manufacturing where great power is used, and also for converting
the power into electricity, for distribution to Buffalo, Lockport, Tonawanda and other points — possibly to To-
ronto. Picture for a moment the great wheat fields of the Northwest and remember that there will be but two
handlings of grain between the fields syid the millstones at the everlasting cataract. Imagine this power pro-
duced at one-fifth the present average cost of steam power, and the mills begin to multiply along the shore of
the Niagara River in one grand stretch from Buffalo to the mighty waterfall. Then remember that the tunnel
can be lengthened from its two and a-half to twenty miles, and that instead of one a score of them can be built.

Yet it is not with the possibilities but with the reasonable certainties that we are dealing. One hundred
and fifty thousand horse power can be produced by the present tunnel plan when completed. The Cataract,
Construction Company of New York City and Niagara Falls has entered into a contract with the Niagara Falls
Power Company (which owns the franchise for developing the power) to complete this tunnel by January 1,
1892. The price for their work will be about $3,500,000. Among the oflScers of the construction company
are : Edward A. Wickes and F. L. Stetson, vice-presidents : W. B. Rankin, secretary ; and George H. Kent
treasurer. Mr. Stetson is the Hon. Grover Cleveland's law-partner in New York. Among the gentlemen con-
nected with this company are members of such well-known firms as Winslow, Lanier & Co., Brown Bros. &
Co., Drexel, Morgan & Co., D. O. Mills, W. K. Vanderbilt, W. McK. Twombly, and stockholders of the New
York Central & Hudson River Railroad and the New York, Lake Erie & Western Railroad. The engineers of
the company are Albert H. Porter, Coleman Sellers and Clemens Herschel. Work has already begun upon the
construction of the tunnel.

ILLUSTRATEU

The officers of tlie Niiiirara Kails I'.nvor Cotiijianv arc: I'losidotil, fliailcs li. (;askill ; Treasurur, Francis
l:. Delano; Sccrctarv, Ali-xan.lcr .1. Tortcr; Attorneys, W. Caryl Ely, W. I'.. Itankin; Resident Enirineer,
All.ert II. Porter.

The sum of *40.000 was speiil in iii.ikint,' llie i.reliniinary survey und in determining the feasibility of tlic
jiroject. Thomas A. Edison has been retained to devise a method of transmitting power to Buffalo. Lie lias
.1 map showing the location of every shop and factory in IJuffalo where power is used. It shows that 50,000
horse-power is employed. He has already liad a cor[)s of men looking over the ground, and is confident that
any desired quantity of power <an be transmitted to Buffalo by means of a cable laid in the Niagara river.
He is enthusiastic over the project.

Sir William Thompson, an English scientist, illustrated before a Parliamentary committee, in 1870, thai
through a copper wire only half an inch in diameter 21,000 horse-power might be conveyed to a distance of

300 miles, with a ciirivnt ,.i' |,i-,-..iirr ..f mi,0(hi \,,1|v. || |„,\\,.r ,-aii I,,' s,, ca-ily and clii-Mply transmitted, it is
likely that many small manufacturers will not care whether their factories are located at the seat of power or a
few miles away, especially when that few miles would bring them into the midst of the countless advantages ol
a city already established, with a population of more than a quarter of a million. But tiie larger establishments
— flour, paper, woollen, and cotton mills — will be located at the seat of power, and their thousands of employees,
and the small army of men who will be indirectly employed by the owners of the tunnel, will live within easy
reaching distance of the mills. That a great city is to be built up at Niagara Falls is a certainty, and the
natural and created advantages make it also certain that the development of that city will be southward, along
the river towards Buffalo, as Buffalo's growth is now rapidly northward towards Niagara Falls; and it is not
beyond expectation that twenty years hence will see Buffalo, Tonawanda, and Niagara Falls joined in one
mighty metropolis. It is already but a step between the homes at North Buffalo and tho.se streets pushing out
southward from Tonawanda; and on the other side of Tonawanda towar<ls the cataract, Ironton and Gratwick
are but suburbs, and La Salle is already touching Niagara Falls village. The electric street railroad which is to
be built in a few months between Buffahj and these points will soon solidify the scattered houses, and mutual

ILLUSTRATED

68 ^^B\/FFALOJCi:.?"o.^!^S,

advantages and economy will then cement the towns into one city, as Chicago was joined by her suburban
villages.

Rochester manufacturers pay $39 a year per single horse-power, by steam ; Lockport pays $46 a year ;
Baltimore, $45 ; Boston, $175 ; Lowell, $100; Lowell Pacific Mills pay $60 a year per single horse-power, by
water, and they use 1,000 horse-power. The following prices are charged for one horse-power a year, by
water :

Hour^s^per j,^,,^^^ Howr.^per ^^^^^^

Paterson, N. J • 24 $37.50 Lawrence, Mass 10 to llj $20.00

Birmingham, Ct 12 20.00 CoUoes, N. Y lOtolli 20.00

Mayauunk. Pa 24 56.25 Holyoke, Mass 10 to Hi 20.00

Dayton, 10 38.00 Lockport, N. Y 24 16.66

Wameset Dam Hi 48.25 Rochester, N. Y 24 25.00

Lowell, Mass 10 to Hi 20.00

The late Thomas Evershed, Division Engineer of the State of New York, who is the originator of the

— ^^ ^

present plan of developing this water-power, believes that power could be sold profitably at Niagara Falls for
$10 a year per horse-power, for 24 hours a day. This would bring a revenue of $1,.500,000 a year to the
company, when 150,000 horse-power was in use. The most extravagant estimate of cost of maintaining the
tunnel and works after completion still leaves a royal profit on the investment, even were it twice the sura esti-
mated as the cost of building the tunnel.

It is expected that the work of developing this great power will l)e completed by January 1, 1892. It
will be ready, then, for inspection during the World's Fair in 1893. All the nations of the earth will, that
year, send delegates to Chicago, and they will go to Niagara to sec the twin wonders of the world. Nature's
greatest and Industry's greatest : the cataract and the power-generator.

ILLUSTRATED

How nearly can we estimate the fiiluro population which this power will draw to Niagara Fails, IJuffalo,
and the siiores of the Niai;;ara River? We liavc a bettor method of estimating than is generally known.

The tenth census (1880) showed, approximately, tliat for every single horse-power in use in the United
States three persons were employed ; that for every person employed four others were dependent. Let us nup-
oosc that, of the 150,000 horse-power developed, 50,000 will supplant steam power already in use in Buffalo,
and 10,000 horse-power in use' elsewhere. Let us suppose that it will fake ten years to bring into use the
remaining 90,000 horse-power, and that only three persons arc dependent upon one laborer, we have, then,
'^70,000 persons employed at Niagara Falls and the city along the river, with an entirely new population of
SIO.OOO souls. Buffalo increased in population, during tlio decade between 1880 and 1890, G6t per cent.,
without any extraordinary impetus. Give her the same ratio of increase for the next decade and w<; find her
population to be 430,043 in the year 1900. The present population of Tonawanda, La Salle, Niagara Falls, and
.Suspension Bridge is about 22,000. Give these towns a normal increa.se of 50 per cent, in the next ten years
and we have an aggregate of 33,000 souls. Add Buffalo, and the now laborers and their families, and we have
the magnificent total of 1,273,043 as the probable population of this city, which is to bo not only the Man-
chester of America, but the greatest manufacturing city of eartli.

And what of that other side of the river, in Canada, whose towns and villages line the river's shore, and
whose tiiousands are already so joined to us by bonds of commerce, mutual interest, kinship, and dependence ?
.\nd what of the wiiolc of Western New York, whose agriculture must largely food this mass of humanity, and
of which territory Buffalo is the natural distributing point? There arc already more than 2,000,000 people in
the twelve western counties of this State.

"What wonders a day hath wrought !" So gigantic are the strides of progress in this great age that
hardly do wo sec inventive genius plant his foot upon the neck of some wild force in nature and make it liis
slave, than with another bound — and, as we fear, before his captive is taught to render fullest service — lo, lie
makes another stride into the unknown realms of force and chains still another monster — one in whose veins
runs infinite energy, and whoso subdued and conquered spirit means the most obedient, the most powerful, the
most useful slave and friend to man.

Steam had hardly learned to work before Electricity came and offered to do the work better. Steam
plowed the ocean, levelled mountains, and served the hand of man in every labor, but the now creature came to
serve both hand and brain; to take the place of steam in turning the propollor and the locomotive wheel, and
to bear messages of good will from man to man, in remotest parts of the earth, on wings of lightning. And
now, this most obedient, powerful, useful slave is to be wedded to the charming, the mighty, the everlasting
Niagara ! What potentialities speak in this nuptial knot ! Well might all the world attend the wedding feast,
for the bride and groom, united, are to plow, reap, thresh, and grind together; are to haul tlie ship, the car, the
railroad train ; arc to touch into motion a million looms, and lathes, and potent printing pres-ses, and, never
sleeping, never tiring, ever increasing, they are to give the laborer rest, that he may wipe the sweat of centuries
from his face.

May we not reasonably expect to see, a generation hence, next to London and l\aris, the greatest city of
earth built upon the shores of Lake Erie and the Niagara River? It may be called Buffalo or Niagara, or an un-
born name, but certain it is that the elements are here and are in motion to create this vast city ; and in climate,
soil, water supply, location, and scenery. Dame Nature conspires with man to make the city the most healtliful,
the most convenient and lovely. It will bo after all these things have come to pass that the wedded pair before
mentioned, after long and prosperous housekeeping together on those beautiful shores, will throw open their
doors again to the whole world, to such an International Exposition of the peaceful arts as never was seen on
this dear old globe before.

illustrated
JLO J^ city of the lakes.

CHAPTER IK.

Lkt us Learn a Lesson prom CatCAGO. — If the Real Estate Business is a Mighty P'actor in Building
UP a City, Then it Should be Recognized in These Pages Dedicated to the Progress ok
Buffalo.— But there are Two Ways of Doing a Real Estate Business : One Way Helps the
City, the Other Hurts it. — Chicago has the Better Way, and Buffalo Should Make Haste to
Adopt it. — Listen to a Man from Ororgia who has deeply Studied the Growth of Cities,
and the Cause.s.

" Plautiug of countries is lil« planting of woods ; for you must make account to lose almost twenty years' profit,
and expect your recompense in the end : for the principal thing that hath been the destruction of most plantations has
been the base and hasty drawing of profits in the first years. It is true, speedy profit is not to be neglected, as far as
may stand with the good of the plantation, but no farther. . . . The people wherewith you plant ought to be gardeners,
ploughmen, laborers, smiths, carpenters, joiners, fishermen, fowlers, with some few apothecaries, surgeons, cooks, and
bakers." — Lord Bacon.

Chicago is pointed out nowadays as the most wonderful example of material prosperity and growth in the
world. Many men from the cast, wlio visited Chicago forty years ago and met the late Long John Wcntwortb,
strolled with him out over the prairie and listened to his prophecies for the future of the then unattractive and
rural town, and secretly envied the giant his enthusiasm while they ridiculed his talk. But Long John bought
land away out on the prairies and lived to roll over it in a velvet-lined carriage, to view ma.ssive building blocks
standing on that land, the owners of which had to pay John Wentworth heap.s of hard cash for their
possessions.

Long John Wentworth saw with the eye of faith.

There is a man living in Buffalo to-day who knows the secret of Chicago's wonderful development. This
man came from sunny Georgia, the land blessed by the birth of Henry Grady — who, more than any other man,
made Georgia the present empire State of the Now South. The man I speak of knew Grady, and from him
imbibed much of that grand man's enthusiasm in his work of developing for the use of man the natural
resources of the land where he lived. But unlike Grady, though like him honored— for this Buffalonian was a
member of the Georgia Legislature before he was twenty-one years of age — he came North, and successively
advertised town after town in a systematic manner, until he raised each into a high point of wealth, population,
and prosperity, so that now the future of each is assured without his help.

No matter who this Georgia man is, for he is called a " boomer," and we don't believe in booms, as the
term is generally applied. Neither docs this man, though he submits to be called that name. There are west-
ern towns without a ghost of a show for the future ; without any great permanent natural resources to build
upon, which have gotten into the hands of land sharks and have been truly, and ideally, and persistently boomed,
much to the loss of frugal eastern folks who took stock in the enterprises. Hence the odium upon the word
" boom," and justly. But this man I speak of has never been tied to any such sky-rockets. The towns he
assisted did not go up like rockets and down like sticks. They stayed up.

But the point in all the praise of this man is to establish your faith in his judgment, for he speaks from an
experience as unique as it has been varied.

" The secret of Chicago's growth," says he — " the real push behind its great tidal wave of prosperity, was
a land company — a big one. When Chicago, some ten or twelve years ago, got to a point in population and
renown equal to that of Buffalo to-day, there was a company formed, of enterprising, pushing, hustling men.
They bought a tract containing thousands of acres inside the then city limits, and they set about to develop it.
They didn't do as many Buffalo real estate dealers are doing to-day — that i.s, they didn't cut it up into small
blocks and go to swapping it back and forth among themselves, like horse traders, each time tucking the price
up and then looking for another speculator to buy it, until the last man paid so much that no one could afford
to build, pay taxes, and live on it. No, they sold the land to outside people. They gave pieces of it away for
factory sites, and sometimes gave a bonus. Yet every dollar they gave away in that manner had a string tied
to it, that brought back to the projectors a bushel of dollars for every quart thrown away. That was down-

ILLUSTRATED

UFIOTLOjC^ THE,iV=EH

CITY or THE UUtCS.

:i!j;lit, jirosxrcssivc, K>n<;-lieail<il Imsinoss policy, and it was ^xmrtous, tuo, iiiiii liko true generosity it liad its
reward.

" Now, mark the policy," eontiniiod the Georgian. "These men didn't advertise their hind a.s tlic only
paradise on earth. They advertised Ciiicago, Chicago, evcrlastinafly and everywhere- Chicago, and then took
good notice that all the grist they brought to town came first to their mill to be ground. Their land was soon
disposed of. Their efforts to bring in outsiders were successful. The city grow, and at every span added value
to their land which was real, substantial, and solid value,, and which was written down cheerfully as value in the
City Assessor's books. Uow different from the values i-reated in a ' walled town,' whose people never grow
from additions from without, and who keep bulling the market and swapping their possessions around among
themselves. This latter method means a crash sooner or later, because the values arc artificial. There is no
jjrowth keeping pace with this increase, and sooner or later the bottom of the whole market has got to drop out.

" No, sir. The way to advance a city nowadays, is not by booming it from within, but by adding to it

from without. And it must be done just as systematically and generously as a man advanoea his private busi-
ness. The time has arrived when competition has created new rules for business, and lias laid down new lines
of precedent. The chief of these rules is that even if you have the best thing in the world you liave got to tell
people about it, or the fact will never be known. Your Buffalo merchants don't go yearly to New York now
in packet boats to seek bargains. No, the advance agents of the big metropolis come on a limited, lightning
express train to see the merchant, and thus customs and methods are reversed. Time was v.Oien t!ie discon-
tented father of a family, master of a trade or of a fortune, sought knowledge of other locations and openings
for business by going on along pilgrimage, or he waited long months for letters from friends out West in answer
to his enquiries. Not so, now. The discontented to-day drops a dozen postal cards to as many cities, and
before he has slept two nights on his hopes the postman brings him a bushel of literature, describing, and with
costly and beautiful pictures, the advantages for location offered by these various cities, and the opportunities
there for profitable investment of surplus wealth. The biggest bundle of literature is from Chicago, and it wasj

ILLUSTRATED

i^-otten up by the men, or the sons of the men, wlio organized that big hmd company, for those organizers were-
educators in tlio art of advertising a city. Thus the discontented man is able to suit tlie advantages offered all
round to his own needs and pocket, and ten to one Chicago gets the benefit of the future years of that man's
labor, or of his wealth, if he be a capitalist.

'^ But, say, how about the postal card which that discontented man wrote to Buffalo I Did any one reply
to it? Did any one say, 'Yes, come on here with your strong arms and your young babies; with your new
invention seeking capital to develop it; with your growing factory needing more land, cheaper fuel, and better-
railroad facilities; with your wealth, fortunately possessed of, seeking rich soil in which it will grow and
increase and multiply, — come and share in our advantages, and give us the benefit of your fellowship. We have
nothing to lose by your coming, and everything to gain by our growth.' "

There is truth in the talk of the Georgian. We are not making good use of the talent of silver given to
us. We are not using it to multiply its value. We have been too conservative; too crusted over with that

narrow, village, shoddy exclusiveness that looks upon every newcomer into our set as an intruder, whom we-
uiust summarily squelch. Our rich men are not doing their duty. It is all right to have a certain number of
invincible, uninoving, strong pillars in the community, who never budge — who never get out of the way when
the elbows of the crowd are punching them very suggestively. We need such men to act as safety-vaLves over
the effervescing schemes and projects of younger blood. But the roof over Buffalo can be supported without
so many pillars. It would be a good thing for this city if some of these old stand-bys would cease holding up
the roof, and would go out in front and call more people in, — would help the young fellows to tell the passers-
by of the good, cool, comfortable, and profitable seats within. We have room for a million new comers, and
profitable work for each to do.

Chicago is still putting out inducements, and goodness knows she has been rewarded enough to satisfy any
ordinary ambition. Every day tells of some new acquisition to her fold, brought in by nothing under the sun
but asking for it, going for it, and insisting upon having it. Read the following telegraph despatch, and if you

ILLUSTRATED

^Svffaloj^^.

THE-ai/EEN
ii. CITY OF THE LAKES. 73

vannot see the eariniirks of Chicago hustlers in every word, and, between tiio lines, the ambition to become tiic
London of the western hemisi>here, tlien yon are not up in modern methods of city building:

"Chicago, July 1.— The transfer was filed yesterday of nearly 400 acres of land soutli of the Calumet Iron
and Steel Company's mills at Cummings, the consideration for which will be ^;J85,000. The purchasers are
Washburnc, Moen ife Co., tlie great wire concern. Several humlred thousand dollars will be cx[)eiided on
improvemonts, and the firm will erect works capable of giving employment to between .'?,500 and 4,000 men."

What Buffalo needs is another organization of its business men, which will set forth our advantages to the
world. We have had a Business Men's Association, but it died a natural death, from a disease that is well
known. Its lingering death, instead of being a warning against resurrection, should be looked upon as so much
experience gained, and the siioal upon which it was wrecked could be avoided next time. Can we not liave
another organization, managed with full open meetings each month for all the meniber.*, with social tjatherings
once in a while where they could meet and talk and dino together; with a membership fee so small that work-
mgmen can become members, and ranks so large that no clique or set of men can get control? Can not all
wlio wish to see our proud city seize Iier destiny, join hands and might and assert her place, ask for lier rights,

and insist upon it that a city whose population has increased 66 per cent, in the past decade or more than

twice as fast as Xew York City has grown — shall be recognized by all the world, and sliall have added to her
the factory chimneys, the church spires, and the countless cottage roofs which now go to towns that possess less
natural riglit, fewer advantages, but more enterprise than Buffalo.

Wake up. Buffalo I Wake up !

CIIAPTKR X.

Buffalo has One of the Largest Natural Gas Fields in the World Lving Right at Her Door. — Work
Now Under Way to Pipe the Fuel into the City.— This Factor, which Gave Pittsburgh IIer
Recent Rapid Growth, is soon to be a Possession of Buffalo. — With Cheap Fuel for Manu-
facturing, WITH Bessemer Ore fro.\i Lake Superior, and the Best Railroad Facilities, this City

Ought to Become a Greater Iron Centre than Pittsburgh or Manchester ok Birmingham. .\

Description of the Gas Fields which have Just Been Tapped and which Show an Inexhaust-
ible Amount of Nature's Free Fuel.

And again the tongues of flame
Start exulting and exclaim :
" These are propliets, bards, and seers ;
In the horoscope of nations,
Like ascendant constellations,
They control the coming years."

Longfellow.

Who can foretell the mighty influence upon the coming years of Buffalo that shall be wrought by the
use of natural gas ? When those potent " tongues of flame" shall burn under every steam boiler ; in every
home, shop, factory, stove ; in every blacksmith's forge, and in the huge furnaces that are to be kindled, to
reduce the fine Bessemer ore of the Lake Vermilion iron mines into fiery streams of progress, may not the
poet's prophecy be fulfilled; and may not those tongues of flame "control the coming years"?

When we see how mighty was the influence of this fuel upon the development of Pittsburgli, enablinsj her
in a few years to leap over older and greater cities in the census race, we get some idea of the effect which it
must have upon the future growth of Buffalo. It will surely add thousands to her population and millions to
her treasury.

The possession of this natural gas fuel is just as certainly to be bestowed upon Buffalo as is this vear's
wheat crop of Dakota sure to come into Buffalo's elevators before next Spring.

Local geologists, with more theory than practical knowledge, long ago promulgated their decree that no
gas should come out of the earth in this vicinity; that it was not the right kind of earth to produce ga.s, and

ILLUSTRATED

^^IDVFFALOjC

that there was no gas here to come out. But it did come out, in accidental ways, and tliese wise heads stili
protested that this territory was not a natural gas field. But the men who smelled gas in their water wells,,
took more stock in the evidences of their own noses than in the learned protestations of the alleged scientists.
They drilled for natural gas, and most of them found it in paying quantities, and several large establishments
are now using this fuel out of the very soil of Buffalo. Just a few weeks ago, at Kenmore, a well was struck
that now registers two hundred and fifty pounds pressure, and for the safety of the casings it has to be blown
off every half hour.

But up to date the most remarkable strikes of natural gas have been made just across the river in Canada.
The daily papers have recorded them, and from those accurate sources of news we reprint the following
clippings:

KiNGSViLLE, Ont., July 31. — Yesterday afternoon gas was struck here at a depth of 900 feet, and the flow-
is estimated at 20,000,000 cubic feet per day. The roar is deafening, and when the vein was struck, the drills:

were thrown high in the air, and for ten minutes rocks and dirt came out. There is great rejoicing in King.s-
ville, and the gas fever has returned with a vengeance. Thousands are flocking to the well.

Port Colborne, Out, July 12. — Interest in the gas wells does not abate in the least. The output of the-
latest gusher, namely the Ed Near well, has not yet been accurately measured, but it promises to show the-
liighest pressure of any of the many wells already in and around Port Colborne.

Ottawa, Ont., July 18.— The Provincial Natural Gas and Fuel Company will this week sign a contract
with the Standard Oil Company to supply the latter company with natural gas from their wells in Welland
County. The gas will be conveyed in a pipe to Buffalo, and there sold by the Standard Oil people for fuel
purposes.

A great many people believe that this vast possession, with all its power as a city-builder, ought not to faU
into the control of a corporation, but should be taken by the city of Buffalo and controlled just as her water
supply is managed. The city pumps the water, lays pipes to our homes, sells us the water cheaper than in the

ILLUSTRATED

_ JLOJ^ CITY OF THE LAKES. Vo

ti-n other leading cities of the Unile.l States of e<iual size, iitid still makes a piotit of ^500,000 a year, which
goes into the city treasury. Why could she not pump tlic <ras across the river, lay the pipes to our liouses, sell
the fuel to us for a reasonable Tnarj];in above cost of liandling, and turn that margin of profit also into the city
treasury ? Buffalo certainly could do this, but she will not. She is, as a municipality, too slow to seize upon
such a sensible idea. Chicago would seize it. Chicago not only drove corporations out of the job of sup[>ly-
ing her citizens with water, but she recently took the work of electric street lighting out of the han<l8 of
monopolists, and as a result she reduced the cost of each electric light from about fifty cents to less than six-
teen cents a night.

But more about the details of this vast gas field, which Nalnr. placcil where it is, expressly for the use of
man — for the use of Buffalo.

The principal source of Canadian gas is believed to be in the township of JJertie, only twelve miles from
Buffalo. It is estimated that the Buffalo Natural Gas Fuel Co., which has control of this Canadian gas supply
for Buffalo, have heretofore furnished to their patrons between 3,000,000 and 4,000,000 cubic feet of gas a day.
The available supply from the Canadian wells is said to be already more tlian 20,000,000 cubic feet a day.

The officers of the Provincial company realize that Buffalo is the natural outlet for their gas supply.
They see that, compared with the small towns of Canada, Buffalo is by all odds the best market for their gas.
They have the right granted their company by the Provincial Parliament to carry the gas to the boundary line
between Canada and the United States.

At Wclland the company has an office, where Mr. D. A. Coste, who has general charge of the field, is
stationed. Mr. Coste has a map showing the extent of territory over which the company has almost complete
control. This territory comprises an almost unbroken belt extending from Port Colborne to Bertie, a distance
of over nine miles. The company has leased this land, paying the farmers $100 a year for every well sunk, or
if a well be not drilled on a certain farm within a stated period, the company pays the proprietor a small
retainer. The company has thus under lease nearly 50,000 acres of land, and has practically excluded the
possibility of any other company getting a foothold. The company has already drilled ten wells which arc
good gas producers, and has thus tested over sixteen square miles of territory. Two wells are now drilling
which, if successful, will further extend the tested territory to twenty square miles. The wells are from nine to
thirteen miles due west of the city of Buffalo, near tlie station at Sherkston, on the Lake Huron and Buffalo
line of the Grand Trunk Railway. The centre of this group of wells is about nineteen miles from the city of
St. Catharines, thirteen miles almost due south from Niagara Falls, and just about forty-five miles from the city
of Hamilton. This is a situation unique for a natural gas field.

The total capacity is 22,700,000 cubic feet a day. The average capacity for each well is 2,2/0,000.
The largest well, No. G, is capable of producing 6,800,000; the next largest, No. 10, 5,500,000 cubic feet.
The rock pressure varies from 510 to 550 pounds at the different wells. The dej)th of the wells ranges be-
tween 876 and 840 feet. The log of No. 2 well shows the following rock formation : The first 425 feet is
what is called the Onondaga formation, and is made up of layers of gray limestone and dolomites, black shales
with gypsum, brown and dark dolomites with gypsum and black shales with gypsum. The Guelph and
Niagara formations, 220 feet, are made of gray, light brown, and dark dolomites with a little gypsum. Then
follows sixtv feet of black shales, after which comes the Clinton formation, thirty feet deep, of white and gray
dolomitic limestones. The last 116 feet is the Medina formation, and is composed of red and white sandstone
in small layers white fine sandstone, black shales and white sand, in which is found the gas. Below this sand
are found red shales.

Mr. E. Coste, a mining engineer of Toronto, was the discoverer of the field. He was a young man who
had studied the rock formations of natural-gas countries, and had located the field on scientific principles. Mr.
Coste miiy safely be called the " pioneer gas explorer of Canada."

All the wells, as soon as tlie gas rock has been struck and they have been torpedoed, are immediately
corked up by means of powerful cut-off valves, thus saving all leakage of gas. No. 10 well may be taken as an
example of all the wells. It lias a capacity of 550.000 cubic feet, and a rock pressure of 540 pounds. It is
situated about half a mile from Sherk's Station on the Grand Trunk, and is on one corner of Peter Sherk's
farm.

.\ recent visitor to this well saw the valve of No. 10 opened, and thus describes the scene: " The roar of

-^ ILLUSTRA^

ILLUSTRATED

THE 'WEEN

the escaping gas kept increasing in loudness, until it sounded like ten thousand thunder bursts. It was deafen-
ing. It was so loud that it made the ears throb. The gas came out of th& three-inch valve like a blue flame.
Pieces of board that were thrown into the current of gas were blown up like chips. The superintendent took
a good sized plank and endeavored to hold it over the valve edgewise. The power of the roaring gas was so
great, however, that it was impossible to keep the plank there a second. Standing near the valve outlet, and
stretching out the hand, the feeling of cold was intense. The roar of the gas could be heard miles away."

So it maks no difiference whether Standard oil men or the city of Buffalo controls the gas supply, certain
it is that this city is soon to have all the natural gas that she can use, and at a price that, considering the other
superior advantages for trade and commerce that Buffalo possesses, will bring to our beautiful city in the next
decade, thousands of new factory chimneys and cottage roofs.

CHAPTER XI.

Mighty Citv Builders. — Effect upon Buffalo's Growth Wuought by the Savings and Loan Associa-
tions. — The Total Amount Loaned by Each Society in the Past Ten Years, and by All the
Associations. — In Silver Dollars Laid Side by Side the Sum would Reach more than Sixty-six
Miles! — Tub Work of these Frugal Societies is One of the Greatest Factors in the Progress
OF Buffalo, and has Kept the City Comparatively Free from Strikes and Labor Difficulties.
— How more than Five Thousand Workinomen Earned Their own Homes in this City, and are
now Independent and Contented.

•' Contented toil, aud bospitable care,
Aud kind connubial tenderness .ire there —
Aud piety with wishes placed above,
And steady loyalty, and faithful love. ...
Aud thou, sweet poetry .... with thy persuasive strain.
Teach erring man to sj^uru the rage of gain ;
Teach him, that states of native strength possess'd,
Though very poor, may still be very bless'd ;
That trade's ]5roud empire hastes to swift decay,
As ocean sweeps the labored mole away —
While self-dependent power can lime defy.
As rocks resist the billows aud the sky."

Ooldsmith.

It is a singular fact that there has existed in Buffalo for the past thirty-nine years an institution, or rather
a number of similar institutions, the result of whose work has been more potent than any other single factor in
building up this beautiful city of homes, and yet the measure of their work has never before been taken.

These institutions are savings and building-loan associations. In the language of an eminent advocate of
these organizations, the scheme is, "poor men saving money in small sums and loaning it themselves to poor
men, at lowest rates of interest, on homes in which the borrower will live, he giving as security a mortgage on
his home." They have, generally, no business ofiices, no salaried managers ; do not publicly advertise their
wants or the money they have to lend ; have little use for banks, and, in fact, save and lend with least possible
expense, thus enabling them to add to their profits these items of cost that are saved. Nearly every association
in Buffalo meets at the home of one of its members, or in his shop or office, and hence the City Directory gives
no list of them, and no one until to-day knew how many organizations there were, or when they were organized,
or how much money they had saved, or whether they were increasing in numbers and membership — though it
was generally believed that they were increasing rapidly. The savings banks know this fact too well, as their
loans made on bond and mortgage to home-builders have been growing proportionately less every year of late.

The economic methods of these frugal people, their loyal co-operation and the success of their plan is an
absorbing theme of study in this day of labor difficulties, when the present industrial system is so ably chal-

ILLUSTRATED

*Sl/FFALO^C

THE QUEEN

78 .,2<?-(!^WJ! U.TiwJUVU'JSS^ CITY OF.THE LAKES.

letiged, and the social problem is in every man's mind. One thing is certain, and Buffalo should to-day
acknowledge her indebtedness — this city has been kept comparatively free from strikes, with all their attending
miseries, disturbances of the peace, and overt law-breaking, by the existence of these very same savings and
loan associations, through and by their educational effect upon the workingmen of this city. No laboring man
will pick a quarrel with his employer, or will allow a fancied or temporary injustice done to him by Capital, to
be the means of turning himself and family out of a home which is half paid for. He may, and often docs,
allow these things to drive him out of a rented home, but seldom, if ever, out from under a roof that he will in
a short time call his own. It has been truly said that men will always fight to protect their homes, but not their
boarding-liouscs.

Just what this condition of things is in Buffalo prompted the writer to gather the facts given below, for we
have all of us pointed with pride to our city as "a city of homes" when inviting outside capital to come in, and
the absence of strikes here we always mention in making overtures to out-of-town manufacturers, to induce
them to pull up their plants and re-establish their business in Buffalo.

Before giving these details, the moral value to society in general of the work of these home-building
organizations should be urged, and no language better expresses this good work than that used by Colonel
Ingersoll in his recent address before the New York State Bar Association, when he said: " As long as children
are raised in tenement and gutter the prisons will be full. The gulf between the rich and poor will grow wider-
One will depend on cunning, the other on force. It is a great question whether those who live in luxury can
afford to allow others to exist in want. The value of property depends, not on the prosperity of the few, but
on the prosperity of a very large majority. Life and property must be secure, or that subtle thing called
' value ' takes its leave. The poverty of the many is a perpetual menace. If we expect a prosperous and peace-
ful country, the citizens must have homes. The more homes the more patriots, the more virtue, the more security
for all that gives worth to life. The more real education the less crime, and the more homes the fewer prisons.''

The first savings and loan associations wore undoubtedly organized in China, by a person named Pong
Koong, who lived 200 years B.C., during the Hun dynasty. His societies were called "Lee Woee," and the
rules were that the association should consist of a definite number of persons; that each member should con-
tribute an equal sum to the fund ; that at each meeting all members must attend without regard to the state of
the weather; that each meeting should be held at the home of the president of the society; and that the sum
contributed to the fund should be carefully weighed by him. In case of unavoidable absence of a member, he
must send a substitute. The borrower, at each meeting, was required to pay back an instalment of the loan he
had previously made, with interest, at a rate per moTith previously agreed upon. Also, each member at every
meeting was to contribute to the fund a sum equal to that which he contributed at the first meeting, and in
order to give an opportunity to borrow the collective amount thus formed, each member had to deposit in a
lottery box placed on the table a tender or bid, .setting forth the additional rate of interest which he was dis-
posed to pa} on the amount in the collection box. The tenders were taken out of the box by the president,
and the highest bidder took the loan. After the meeting there was a luncheon, each member contributing to
the expense. Each member kept a Dook containing a copy of the minutes of each meeting.

Savings and building-loan associations have been in operation in England since 1795; in Germany since
1852; and in France about the same length of time. The first in the United States was " The Oxford Provi-
dent Building Association," of Frankford, Philadelphia, formed on January 3, 1831. The first in New York
State was started about 1849. In 1851 a general law was passed for their incorporation, but so little was known
about the methods and the best and safest plans, that the law was made very broad and indefinite, until now it
has been aptly said that " anything can be organized under the law of 1851, from a cock-fight to a country
fair." The law needs immediate amendment, because under it many fraudulent corporations have been born,
and piratical associations of other States are allowed to do business in this State without depositing a guarantee
fund at Albany.

The first savings and building-loan association in Buffalo was " The City Building and Loan Association,"
incorporated on August 21, 1851, under the new law passed that year. Since that date there have been four
hundred and sixteen associations organized and incorporated in this city.

Of the number whose date of incorporation is known, we find that 15 associations were organized in 1869;
10 in 1870; 10 in 1871; 9inl872: 10inl87.S; ,5 in 1874; 6in 187.5; 18inl876; ]5inl877; 20inl878;

ILLUSTRATED

THE Ql/ECN
^ CITY OF THE UAKES, Tit-

18 ill 1879; 15 in 1880; 11 in 1881; 2G in 1882; I'J in 1883; 21 in 1884; 10 in 1885 ; 11 in 188*3; ;>0 m
1887; 20 in 1888; and 20 in 1889. This shows that in tiic decade between 1870 and 1880 there was an
avenigc of twelve ;issociations incorporated each year, and during the decades hotwecn 1880 ami 1800 the aver-
ai^c was seventeen each year.

The increasing popularity of this comparatively new economic idea among workingmeii is thus shown in
the fact that there were more than 43 per cent, more associations formed in the past decade than in the pre-
vious ten years; also by the fact that during the first seven and a half months of 1890 there were thirty-
nine associations incorporated, or more than were ever before formed in any whole year, and nearly twice as
many as were organized in any year of the decade between 1870 and 1880. The increasing popularity of the
idoa is also shown bv the increased amount of money loaned each year, as shown below.

A study of the total amounts of money loaned by these frugal societies each year gives a sure insight into-
Iho conditions of labor in Buffalo, each year during the past decade. It shows that, as above, comparatively
few associations were organized during the hard times of '73, '74, and '7.'), and the loans of 1873 were nearly
one-half less than in the more prosperous year of 1874.

To ascertain the number of loans made in the decade, the average amount of each loan, the total amount
each year, and tlic total for the ten years, necessitated a careful examination of every page in nearly a score of
big libers in the County Clerk's office. It was a month's work, and here is the interesting result : There were
5, ,593 loans on bond and mortgage recorded. TIicsc were made by iJ93 associations, out of the 416 that have
ever been organized, so that it is safe to say that there are 331 savings and building-loan associations doing-
(insiness in Buffalo to-day, including those organized in 1890. The total amount saved and loaned by all the
associations was $4,789,142.29, or an average of $856.27 each loan. When we consider that this vast sum
(which in silver dollars laid side by side would reach from the Buffalo City Hall in a straight line for more
than sixty-six miles, or as far as Rochester, or Toronto, or Bradford — air line) was saved from the daily earn-
ings of nearly 20,000 workingmen and women of Buffalo, most of it in dimes, half-dimes, and sums less than
one dollar, we are moved, not only to admiration at this magnificent testimonial to the thrift and frugality of
the people of Buffalo, but we realize, in a measure, the vast material prosperity of our city that it signifies. It
is safe to say that each loan made was used in building a home for some workingman of Buffalo, or that 5,593:
of the 50,000 and odd buildings of all kinds now standing in this city were built from these savings in the past
ten years. Very few of the loans were for any other purpose.

The largest single loan recorded was $11,650, made by the Eric County Permanent Savings and Loan
A.ssociation ; the smallest, $100, loaned by the Homestead Savings and Loan Association; also one by the^
Riverside Savings Fund and Aid Association, No. 1.
The total loans of all associations each year wi-n :

1880 $313,837.49

1881 293,100.71

1882 633,372.86

1883 381,767.25

1884 396,307.80

1885 475,461.40

1886 451,157.62

1887 .584,446.00

1888 (-.14,430.72

1 889 045.260.44

Total for decade $4,789,142.29

The six associations doing the largest business in the ten years of our estimate were : Erie Savings and
Ix)ati Association, 8341,095; Irish-American Savings and Loan Association, $313,674.25; Clinton Mutual Sav-
ings and Loan Association, $204,540.05 ; Homestead Savings and Loan Association, $122,255; Riverside
Savings Fnnd and Aid Association, $90,900: William and Sherman Savings and Loan Association. $71,050.

ILLUSTRATED

Si CITY OF THE LAKES.

CHAPTER XII.

Buffalo the Most Healthfcl of Thirtv-six Leading American Cities, as Shown bv " The New York
World." — How Her Climate Compares with That of Leading European Centres and World-
famed Health Resorts.— The Cheapest Water Supply of Eleven Other Large American
Cities, and the Lowest Tax-rate of the Sixty-five Most Important Cities and Towns in the
Fnion. — Every Possible Advantage Desired bv the Manufacturer, and by the Capitalist
Seeking a Place for Investment.

" Ye glittering towus, with wealth and spleudor crowned,
Ye fields where summer spreads profusion round.
Ye lakes whose vessels catch the busy gale,
Ye bending swains that dre.ss the flowery vale —
For me your tributary stores combine ;
Creation's heir, the world, the world is mine !"

Oold^imilh.

Surely that city which, to furnish raw materials for her industries, takes tribute from every land under

the sun, may claim the world as hers. Civilization is focused upon that point at the foot of the great chain of
inland seas where Buffalo makes use of every art and invention of man to aid her thousand different industries;
to give necessities, comforts, and luxuries to her hundreds of thousands of citizens, and entertainment to her
daily throngs of visitors.

This city has a heritage in the Niagara River, if no vessels ever rode on its bosom, and no power is ever
derived from its fall or rapid current.

The writer has made an inquiry of the water departments of twelve American cities, ranging in populatipn
from 16.5,000 to 450,000, viz.: St. Louis, Boston, Baltimore, Cincinnati, Buffalo, Cleveland, Pittsburgh,
Detroit, St. Paul, Milwaukee, Louisville, and Minneapolis, to determine the gross income of their water-works

ILLUSTRATED

plants, their operating expenses, income per capita, expense per capita, anJ net income per capita, to dctcnninc
tbe relative cheapness of Buffalo's bountiful supply of Niagara water for manufacturing and general use. No
ihouijhtful person will underestimate the value of tliese facts, and certainly not the man or company that is con-
templating moving a manufacturing plant here, or of making this city a hu

The inquiry dcv

ses twice

per 1,000 gallons; Milwaukee

as cheap as any of these cities, cx.-rj.t MilwaukiM'. r.ulT.il.. .■li.uges :
5 cents.

If the consumption of water per capita is an index of the degree of cleanliness of people, then Buffalo takes
the lead, for she uses 155 gallons a day for every inhabitant, which is more than twice the quantity used by
the people of Minneapolis, St. Louis, or Louisville, and considerably more than is used by Pittsburgli, Milwau-
kee, or Chicago.

ILLUSTRATED

^^B^FFALOJC

THE-OlirEEN
_CITy_OF_THE LAKE&

Ooraparino- the income with the expense of the water-works plants in these cities we find that the expense
of maintenance per capita is less in Buffalo than in Boston, Milwaukee, St. Louis, Detroit, Cincinnati, or Pitts-
burgh, while the income to Buffalo for the use of water per capita, is greater than it is in Cleveland, Cincinnati,
Louisville, St. Paul, or Minneapolis.

It costs each inhabitant of Buffalo 51 cents a year to maintain the water-works, while the receipts from the
use of water are $1.90 for each inhabitant. This means that the water department of Buffalo pays a revenue
to the citv of about $500,000 a year — a sum that would pay the interest on an investment of $8,333,333 at six

per cent and yet, our wliole plant is only valued at $741,350. How much better this is than to liave our

■water supplied at exorbitant cost by a private corporation — a burden under which many an American city
groans.

If you, reader, are a manufacturer, depending largely upon water — not for power — compare what you are
paying now with the cost of water in Buffalo, and doubtless you will find that the saving will, in a few years,
pay the cost of removing your plant here. Do not forget our cheap coal, nor our unsurpassed railroad, lake
«nd canal facilities. There are real estate owners in Buffalo, who will give, freely, land enough for your manu-
facturing site.

That most enterprising newspaper of Christendom, the New York World, in January last published an
article showing the vital statistics of loading cities of the United States. It was compiled from returns made to
the World by the health officers of the respective municipalities, the period reported being, in almost every case,
for the year ending November, 1889. The article also gave the record of marriages and births, which, not
being compared one city with another, was of very little interest to the reader.

But what it did give, of vital interest to every champion of proud Buffalo, was the following array of
figures, showing the annual mortality ratio for each 1,000 inhabitants of the following thirty-six American
cities :

DEATH RATE PER 1,000 POPULATION:

Buffalo 16.63

Allegheny, Pa 16.90

Niishville, Tenu 1T.02

Denver, Col 17.10

San Antonio, Texas 17.18

New Haven. Conn 17 40

<}alveston, Texas 17 45

Chicago, 111 17.50

Portland, Mc 17.78

Cincinnati, O 18.11

Cleveland, 18.11

San Francisco, Cal 18 S7

Wilmington, Del 19. 10

Baltimore, Md 19 16

Richmond, Va 1931

Philadelphia, Pa 19.66

Manchester, N. H 19.95

St. Louis, Mo 30.49

Wasbiugtou, D. C 30.60

Atlanta, Ga 20.63

Hartford, Conn 30 70

Providence, R. 1 21.20

Patterson, N. J 21 78

Pittsburgh, Pa 33.04

Brooklyn, N. Y 22.21

Jersey City, N. J . . 23.30

Newark, N. J 23 70

Savannah, Ga 23. 77

Albany, N. Y 33.81

New Orleans, La 24. 09

Boston. Mass 31.97

Lowell, Mass 31.97

Hoboken.N.J 3.-..30

New York, N. Y 25.21

Charieston, S. C 30.79

Mobile, Ala 31 . 20

It should be known, also, tliat a practice maintains here in Buffalo of crediting against the city all deatlis
that occur in the city hospitals, invalids' hotels, and medical and surgical institution.s, of which there are several
in Buffalo that are widely advertised, and whose reputation for skilled physicians is so great that chronic
invalids are brought here from all over the United States, who are past all earthly help, and many of whom die
here, in these beneficent institutions. This most certainly increases the average death-rate of Buffalo, as given
out by her Bureau of Vital Statistics.

Buffalo is favored with cool summers and not excessively cold winter.?. We know nothing here of the
severity of winter weather, at Chicago, Duluth, St. Paul, Milwaukee and other cities of the West and
Northwest.

The mean annual temperature of Buffalo is 48.9, and the mean annual rain-fall in inches, 42.40. This
is within one degree in temperature to the average climate of Denver, Col., Boise City, Idalio, Springfield, Ma.ss.,

ILLUSTRATED

THE UV/KEN
CITY or THE LAKES.

Santa Fe N. M., Oinalia, Neh., ami Olyinpia, Wasli., though iho cxlrc'iiies of heat and cold in thcso wiiloly-
separatcd points differ greatly.

Buffalo has the same average climate as Amsterdam, Uolland; Berlin, Germany ; Birmingham, England ;
Glasgow, Scotland; Paris, France ; and Vienna, Austria, all of which cities, except Birmingham, are world-
famed for their delightful climate. The famous medicinal springs of Germany and Austria, and the sea-side
resorts of the English Channel and the Belgian coast have almost the same average climate as Buffalo. Many
Southern people come to Buffalo and vicinity every summer, and her neighlioriiig lakes of Conesus and Chau-
tauqua are lined with the summer cottages of Southern planters.

Thanks to that most accurate and complete work, the " People's Cyclopa)dia of Universal Knowledge,"
from the great publishing house of Phillips & Hunt of New York and San Francisco, we are enabled to give
outside capitalists another convincing proof of Buffalo's superior position over all other American cities as a
place for the safe, economic and profitable investment of money.

The tables of statistics which this great Cyclopsedia publishes arc compiled from the latest possible official
information, by a corps of learned editors and ex|)ert statisticians, including Mr. Joseph D. Weeks, expert and
special agent of the United States Census and Geological Survey, also Thomas A. Edison, inventor, and others.
Men of this class as compilers, are the highest possible recommendation for tlie accuracy of the statements made
in the book.

One of the features of interest in this publication is a compilation entitled " Debts of the United States
Cities and Rates of Taxation, according to the Latest Attainable Data." The cities are named in alphabetical
order, and the table shows the net debt of e.ich city, and the tax on each $100. When re-arranged, to deter-
mine the relative cheapness of taxation in Buffalo over the other sixty-five cities iiaujod, we find the following
proud showing :

Buffalo

Manchester, N. H.

Peabody. Ma.ss

Springfield, O

Portsmouth, N. H.
Cambridge, Mass. .

. eiirh $100.
....$1.61
... 1.G3
. . . . 1.62
.... 1.63
. .. 1.63
.... 1.66

Tax mi i;ach JIOO.

Brockton, Mass $1.66

Lawrence, Mass 1.66

Hyde Park, Miuss 1.68

Haverhill, Mass 1.74

Worcester, Mass 1.74

New Bedford, Mass 1.75

ILLUSTRATED

rax on each $100.

Wilmington, N. C 11.75

Kan-^vis City, Mo 1.75

Medford, Mass 1.76

Hartford, Conn 1.81

Gloucester, Mass 1.85

Covington, Ky 1.85

Fall River, Mass 1.88

Clielsea, Mass 1.88

Wcburn, Mass 1.90

Richmond, Va 1.90

Philadelphia, Pa 1.90

Fitchburg, Mass 1.90

Minneapolis, Minn 1.92

Auburn, Me 2.00

Biddeford, Me 3.00

St. Johnsbury, Vt 2.00

East Saginaw, Mich 2.02

Bay City, Mich 2.10

Calais, Me... 2.10

Lynn, Mass 2.10

Mai Iborough, Mass 2.10

St. Paul, Minn 3.10

Portland, Me 2.15

Lewiston, Me 3.25

St. Louis, Mo 2.25

New York, N. Y 2.25

Columbus, 2.36

Tan on each $100.

Brooklyn, N. Y $2.32

Bangor, Me 3.34

Louisville, Ky 2.35

Cincinnati, 2.3S

Scranton, Pa 2.40

Newark, N. J 2.44

Lake Township, 111 3.47

Bath, Me 2.50

Milwaukee, Wis 2.50

Toledo, 2.50

Poughkeepsie, N. Y'' 2.5S

St. Joseph, Mo 2.5&

Camden, N. J 2.74

Topeka, Kas . 2.75

Rock Island, 111 2.80

Rochester, N. Y 2.86

Jersey City, N. J 2.90

Albany,N.Y 3.92

Pittsburg, Pa 3.92

Savannah, Ga 8.00

Schenectady, N. Y 3.00

Springfield, 111 3.37

Chicago. Ill 3 37

Fon du Lac, Wis 3.50

Hyde Park, 111 3.65

Troy, N. Y' 4. 16

Des Moines, la 4.50

Thus it will be seen that Buffalo outranks not only these si.xty-five large cities of the Union, but as com-
pared with other larger cities we see that taxes are more than twice as low in Buffalo as in Chicago, and more
than 50 per cent, less than in Rochester, Albany, Troy, Pittsburg, Milwaukee, Toledo, Jersey City, Newark,
and thirteen other cities named.

It is not strange, then, that the Rockafellers of the Standard Oil Company and other New York million-
aires are putting their money into business blocks in Buffalo, and that the great Equitable Life Assurance
Company should be feeling after a suitable site for one of their princely office edifices in Buffalo.

Come to Buffalo, men and money. Now is the time for profitable investment. Real estate is cheaper
to-day in Buffalo, in proportion, than in any other city in the world of her size, and no city in the wide world
li;is more natural advantages for growth, or a grander, surer future.

Geo. M. Bailey.

ILLUSTRATED P,UlTALO.

L>'>

I..-1U.

The pages that follow contain many of the representative h(

louses of Buffalo, and in coti-
nection with the illustrated portion of the work will be found profitable and interesting.

Nl.W YORK, LAKE ERIE, AND WESTERN RAILROAD COM-
PANY.— This is one of the most powerful corporations
among the railroad companies on the American continent,
and is the leading line in Buffalo, where it has spacious pas-
senger and freight stations and au e.xtensive stock yard, the latter
being at East Buffalo, and the former on Exchange and Michigan
Sti-eets. The eastern terminus of this great railroad Is in New
York City, and between New York and Buffalo th-- company have a
magnificent double track road, affording a delightful view of Amer-
ica's most picturesque scenery, and passing through some of the
most prosperous cities in the states of New Jersey, Pennsylvania,
and New York. In addition to its main line to Buffalo, the Erie has
a through line from New York to Chicago, via Chautauqua Lake,
composed of what were formerly known as tlie New York, Pennsyl-
vania and Ohio and the Chicagoand Atlantic railroads. It also oper
ates numerous branches near New York, and in the coal and oil re-
gions of Pennsylvania and in western New York it readies every
important city and town. The road ia in sujin 1. . n im i n 1 nat-
urally there is no more popular line in the .u Miih
experienced travellers. It is one of the faste-' 11 New
York and Chicago. The Vestibuled Limited tniii- liniKi.: i . 1 ween
these two important cities daily, via the Chaiiianqna Lake route,
are the finest in the world. A train is started daily from Keiv York
at 3 P.M., and arrives at Chicago at 8.35 p.m. next ilay. This is a solid
through train via Binghamton, Elmira, Hornellsville. Salamanca,
Jamestown, Lakewood (Chautauqua Lake), Corry, Jleadville,
Youngstown, Mansfield, Marion, Decatur, and Huntington. Every
car on this train is new, and every car bas the vestibuled platforms,
making a complete vestibuled train of baggage, smoking, passenger,
sleeping, and dining cars. The forward car of the train is a com-
posite car, containing large baggage room and a separate smoking
compartment. The passenger day coaches are superior to any ever
placed in regular service. The interior is mahogany finish, has a
commodious toilet room for ladie.^, and there is a large smoking
compartment similar to those in Pidlman cars. No extra charge is
made for seats in the day coaches on this train, or for fa.st time or
elegant appointments, and only the usual standard rates for accom-
modations in the sleeping cars. Breakfast and lunch are served in
the dining car at T5 cents each, and dinner at $1.00. The entire train
was built by the Pullman Company for this .«
steam, lighted by Pintsch gas, and every effort
make it the most elegant and comfortable in <
favorite train from New Y'ork to Chicago, via Buffalo and Niagara
Falls, leaves New York at 6 p.m. every day in the year. It also runs
solid, passengers being carried from New York to Chicago without
ew of Niagara Falls by daylight, and arriving

day. There is

Pullman vestibuleil
■md Toronto, except
VMieiit sleeping and

heated by

exerted to

Another

in Chicago at 10.45 p.m.
sleeping couch from Ne\
Saturdays, and also a I'n
reclining chair car ft>r !;
Buffalo and Niagara 1,1 1 1 ^ 1 1 1 i-, where the com-
pany has handsome stall r,, ,,'i i ., h I. r.i <n.jiis are made with

other lines running in all direi tions. the e..in|inny has a most jier
feet and complete service. For the numerous trains running in ai.d
out of Buffalo and their variotis connections, the reader must neces-
sarily refer to the company's published time tables. For thorough-
ness and efficiency of service, and for civility and courtesy on the
part of its officials, the Erie takes front rank among the American
railways. Its cars are veritable palaces. For safety, comfort, lux-
ury, convenience, courte.sy, and cheap rates, as well as for pimctnal-
ity and perfection of service to travellers, the Erie is at all times to
be commended. The offlcers of the company located in Buffalo are:
Mr. C. A. Brann, superintendent: Mr. A. W. Bodle. division passen-
ger agent; Mr. J. Denel, assistant general freight agent: Mr. W. N.
Perrine, freight agent. The company's ticket office, where all in-
formation can be secured, is on the corner of Main and Exchange

DANIEL D. BIDWELL. Real-Estate Broker and Insurance. So.
.'ii! Niagara Street: Branch, No. 90 Baynes Street.— The reol-
estate interests of Buffalo have attained proportions of such
magnitude as to enlist the .services of many of our most tal
ented and enterprising business men. Much of the rapid develop-
ment noticed in eligible city realty is due to the honorable and con-
servative methods of our leading brokers, who have not sought to
create inflated values, but rather to retain the market upon the firm
basis of actual worth as regards income-producing capacit.v.
Among the reliable houses engaged in this line is that of Mr. Daniel
D. Bidwell. whose headquarters are located at No. .36 Niagara Street,
and who has a branch ofliee at No. 80 Baynes Street. Mr. Bidwell
began operations on March 1. 181t0. and has already developed a
large, firstcla-ss patronage. His practical and intimate knowledge
of values of improved and imimproved property, acquired by an
active experience, is tmexcelle<l in the city. Mr. Bidwell transacts
every branch of the real-estate business, buying, selling, exchang-
ing, and renting property, loaning money on bonds and mortgages,
collecting rents, payhig taxes for non-residents, assuming charge
of estates, ond selling building-lots on time payments. He also pos-
sesses ample facilities for writing policies of insurance in the most
substantial companies. He is a commissioner of deeds, is iwpularly
known in hnsine.ss circles, and is highly respected for the 1
metho<ls which govern him in all his transactions.

ILLUSTRATED

THE aUEEN
CITY OF THE LAKES.

STORY & FOX SHOW CARD AND LABEL FINISHING CO.
General Finisliers to the Printing and Lithographing Trade,
Manufacturers of Priuters' KoUers, Steel Dies Made to Order.
Etc., No. lar Erie Street.— The firm or man who boasts of his
own vast resources and powers in business is too egotistical to merit
confidence, but we feel that we should be doing an injustice to tlie
citizens of Buffalo if we fail to impress upon them the changes and
improvements which the establishment of Story & Fox is undergoing
at thepresent time. Having been favored with a most hberal patron-
age during the past year they have removed their main office from
Rochester to this city, and all correspondence should be addressed
to No. 127 F.rie Street, Buffalo, N. Y. The establishment as improved
and enlarged contaius 55,000 feet of floor space, and gives employ-
ment to a force of about 100 people. The works are arranged in
different departments, each under charge of a member of the fii-m

Framing and Tin Mounting. — They make a specialty of framing
and mounting of show cards and other work, and carry a large va-
riety of mouldings and only ask a chance to compete on this class of
work. Show cards, hangers, etc., tin mounted neatly and promptly,
and they are able to handle any quantity of this work. The above
two departments are looked after by Mr. J. T. Story, who has had a
Ufe experience in these branches.

Varnishing and Gumming Department. — Their varnishing and
gumming machines are the most complete in ihe world, and have a
capacity of 2.1.000 to 30,000 sheets per day. This department is under
the charge of Mr. A. E. Fox. Fine labels and show cards are much
improved by varnishing and the woik made much more serviceable

To w/ioni if

or one of its most trusted employees, and each department is fully
explained in this editorial.

Office— "nx, office is under the personal charge of Mr. F. G. Fox and
Mr. R. J. Story, who will be pleased to see all their friends and give
estimates for any and aU work in their line. Their business being con-
fined to a class of trade in which there is more or less active compe-
tition, is necessarily a confidential one, and no one is allowed to in-
spect any portion of the premises beyond the office. The trade can
therefore rest assured that all work will be treated with the utmost
confidence as no employee is engaged without a distinct understand-
ing on this point. Their aim is to be fair and just to each and all.

Cutting Department.— Their cutting rooms are tmder the personal
supervision of Mr. W. H. Clark, and contain the latest improved ma-
chinery for straight paper cutting or die press cutting of all odd and
intricate .shapes They cut drug, spool, and barrel head labels, show
cards, fan.s. calendars, tags, cigarette boxes, envelopes, seed bags,
and all work required by lithographers, printers, and publishers.
Their facilities are such that they can handle large contracts with the

for shelf or store wear, and with but a slight
Special prices will be given upon application for all kinds of varnish
or gummed work. Gummed paper made to order or gummed after
printed, lays flat and keeps in any climate.

Pi-inters' Roller Composition. — The composition department is a
line in which they cannot be exoened, and is under the supervision
of Mr. J. \. Askin, who is the first composition maker in the coun-
try. This department also makes a specialty of liquid and glue paste
for applying labels on a tin or metal surface, and a fine quality of
book-binders' paste for printers, lithographers, etc. Space forbids
the mention of several oilier branches of their business, but the
trade can rest assured they are prepared to execute any work they
may require. The outside work and general management of the
business is assumed by R. J. Story, who will be pleased to answer
your call by mail, telegraph or telephone.

They take this opportunity to thank the trade for the liberal sup-
port given them during the past year and to wish them a happy and
prosperous year during 1891 in all their business and social relations.

ILLUSTRATED

M.'

; .!( illN T. CL^MUS' Veteiinory Hospital, (.'oriifi- Clinton and
Ailmns Slreets.— Among the few younp men in tliis count ry
who biive made their mark in the professions, the name of
Dr. J. T. Claris is highly pre
(lays ill Uuiralo, he had the advaiitftKe of 'ler spleii
which materially assisted him in the fiilfllmen
siHiuently followed. Possessing a preat fondness f-ir liorses, Ho re-
resolved upon the study of veterinaiy smcery, and removed to
Toronto, where he attended the Ontario Veterinary College and
craduated with honors. Returning to HuCTalo in the year "&.' he

• )ss«.

IlnviiiB spent his early T T NIO>i
splendid school systi-m, I I ririi

rat of events which sub- \J InK

lOX UKEWKRY, .1. K Kulin ct S..iis, N<is. 018, ((50, and (iM
In the city of Duffalo, the lircwery and malting
Interest employs larKe oiiiiital and an army of workmen.
The Union Brewery, conducted imder lliu cnterpriKin),' pro-
prietorship of JIe>srs. J. F. Kulm & .Sous, at Nob. IflH, C.'iO, and COS
Uroudway, is a uingnineent properly, fully reflectinij; the great im-
portance of the industry it r<-presents. This brewery is not<-<l for
•HOSPIT/M. Stafq

esT/\e Lisfi &D iaa2

jTne largest and most comp

eteVelenniir)' Hospi

inlheUni

edSiates.hj..n.jacc

inmodahonlor75ho

JObo.sl

lis Heated by Steam

Over 2000 palienl

inieS9

i^cCci>i-,C.M*- <.

opened an oBIce in the neighborhood of Clinton and Watson Streets
and laid the foundation of the growine and pr<>sperous business
which has since followetl. The year "St finds the subject of our
sketch located at the corner of Clinton and Adams Streets, in a
handsome brick building, constructed with all the modern itiiprove-
menis veterinary science had known up to th.it time: still looking
forward to greater efforts. In the four years already tnentioned the
public hjd an ample opiK>rtunity of testing his ability a< a veteri-
nary surgeon, and so well were his services appreciated that before
the dawn of '80 his patronage had almost doubled. During this
year it was found advisable to reconstruct and n-model the building
tbroughout, which task -as finally accomplished, giving to the city
of Buffalo one of the largest, most complete, and best conducted
veterinary hospitals in the United States. Where can a more cred-
itable record be found, and how many to-day in the long list of pro-
fes-iional men of any calling can show such rapid advancement. A
few words with reference to the establishment itself may not be out
of place and we take pleasure in giving them below. The Dr. John
T. Claris' hospiUI is a substantial brick building three stories high
with cut stone trimmings. It covers an area of 20,000, square feet,
and is laid out with three floors. The first floor contains ten box
and twenty open stalls which are fitted up in the best possible man-
n.-r. On this floor Is located the jteam heating apparatus with
which the entire building is heated, and which i.s so necessary to a
wvll conducted veterinary hospital in the tre.itment of all respira-
tory disea-ses in eohl weather. The second floor, besides containing
the u-eneral and private ofTlcesof the staff, is divided into three com-
partments the first two being used as a laboratory and dispensing
ro..in, while the last is specially fitted up with box stalls with all the
modern appliances ft>r the purpose of surgical operations In the
treatment of injured animals. The third floor is occupied as the
manufacturing department of Dr. Claris' line of me<llcines. and Is
divide-! into four compartments viz.: the mixing room, bottling
room, lalMjIling room, and packing or shipping room. The help in
this department are kept very busy, and but few peoph- are aware of
the amount of medicines shipped daily. The hospital is one of the
most thoroughly ventilated buildings in the city. The acting staff
c-^nsisls of four veterinary surgeons under th.

4 625»627Ji629

^» .oO *",o.O^ ^nO* • t^^'^

iis extra line lagei , brewed from malt and hops only. It was estab-
lished in 1S:^J by Messrs. J. F. Ktihn and Michael Scliamel, as J. F.
Kuhn & Co., and in 1873, Jlr. Knim succeeded to the sole control,
C<mdiietiiig the business until 1687, when he admitted his two sons,
Messi-s. George II. and Kdward W. Kidm. to parlner>hip. The plant
covers an area of l-28x'2i!^ feel, and comprises several substantial

brick structures, fully e(jiiiiipi-.l. ami nii'l'-rj
preparation for the ni.MutH' i;t i r.inil.
accessory having b'-'!i i , i i
ard, while the great- ■ •
The machinery emit' :i- - w ii v.ti- u
modem brewing, includin.,- a fift.- n lo m.-n
many improvements are being ntade from t
choicest hops and malt, carefully selected 1
used, and in the process of 'prodti

nnagement. The

1 of Dr. I

iid perfect stand-
■tail of the work.
].liance known to
1 i<*e machine, and
o time. Only the
iietent judges, are
the full strength and virtue
ntis extracted and resolveil into a union that has
round unusual favor with connoissetirs. The beer here brewed en-
joys a wide and increasing popularity with dealers and consumers
on account of its purity, flavor, and health-giving properties. The
capacity of the brewery Ls fifteen to twenty thousand barrels annu-
ally, and the steady increase in the demand indicates the approach-
ing ne<-essity for extension and enlargement of manufacturing facil-
ities. It has always been the policy of this house to furnish the
best In quality, wholesomeness, and general excellence, and the
estimation in which its prndnets are held at home and abroad gives
conclusive proof that a responsive chord ha!* been struck in the pop-
ular heart. In enteriirise, liberality, keen appreciation of public
expectation and demand, ami unswerving allegiance to honest meth-
ods, the firm of J. F. Kuhn & Sons may be said to have fairly earned
tiie respect, support, and confidence of the entire community. The
senior partner was bom in Germany, and came to BulTalo in 1843.
lie Is one of the best known business men in the city; president of
the Ferry Street ond Belt Line Land Association, secretary of the
Buffalo Brewers' Association since its organization In ISVt, a director
of the Delaware Avenue and Belt Line Land Company, on.l the
Queen City Mutual Fir»» Insurnnc** Company; a trustee of the Ma-
sonic Hall Association, and standing deservwily hi(,'h in commercial,
financial, and social life.

ILLUSTRATED

^.DVFFALOA

THE UNION LANll EXCHANGE, Nos. 4i auil 44 Niagara
Street.— During the last five years Buffalo real estate has
attracted a host of investors, and regaiding the oppor-
tunities for safe and certain profit making in this par-
ticular field, the half has not yet been told. Cautious investors
generally agree that "laud is the basis of all security," and
jio capital is so secure as that which is judiciously placed in
real estate. The man who selects carefully and then backs the
growth of a first class American city with his money is almost
sure to win every time. Five years ago a few of the people of
Buffalo awoke to a realization of the fact that this is destined to be-
come a great metropolis, and that fortunes can easily be made b)'
buying land in the suburbs and waiting for the city to grow out to it.
Already many handsome fortimes have been realized in this waj*.
and the foundations of many more have been laid. Ten years ago
Buffalo real estate was assessed for $80,581,930; to-day it is assessed
for S147,16S,n5-an increase of 83 per cent, in that period. This is
an average of more than eight per cent, per annum, and it applies
to the entire city — to certain parts where there has been little, if any,
real growth, where values remain about as they were ten years ago,
as well as to the northern and eastern sections of the city, where the
increase has been from 100 to 1,000 per cent, during the same time.
Everyone who is interested in such matters knows well that the
handsomest profits to be derived from real estate are made in two
ways, viz., (1) buying vacant lots at low prices and selling at an in-
crense caused by the legitimate growth of a city; and (Sj buying
large tracts of land by the acre, subdividing and improving it, and
selling it by the foot. Happy is the man who can afford to purchase
a tract of land all by himself and subdivide it, for his profits are
generally immense. In Buffalo the small capitalists have a way of
•• pooling their is.'iues," as the sand lot orator (!) of San Francisco
was wont to say, and by uniting their capital succeed in purchasing
and handling large tracts of desirable lands, and sharing handsome
profits thereby. This is the "land company " plan, and in this city
has lately become quite popular, owing to the fact timt whenever a
company subdivides a tract of land and puts its lots on the market,
the lots are nearly always offered at such low prices, comparatively,
that even stockholders often become purchasers of lots and hold
them for the increase. There is one powerful I'eal estate coipora-
tion in Buffalo which has tmbounded faith in the future of the city,
which believes that "now is the time to buy," and is industriouly
living up to that belief. The Union Lund Exchange is very actively
engaged in investing its own capital and that of its clients outside of
Buffalo, in acre property in the suburbs. As fast as land companies
are organized by the exchange, and acre property purchased, the
land is subdivided into City lots, the streets are improved, and a
sufficient number of lots are sold to meet the unpaid obligations. In
some instances, however, tiacts are held in bulk by previous agree-
ment with stockholders. The principal object of the Union I,ahd
Excliange just now is to make as many investments as possible. In
the language of the secretary, Mr. W. T. Hornaday, " Now is the
time to buy, while values are comparatively low; four years from
now will be the time to sell, and reap the harvest." The Exchange
was oiganized and incorporated, with a nominal capital of $30,000, by
a half dozen real estate operators who have for some time been
working together, in order to more thoroughly systematize and de-
velop their joint interests. It manages no property save its own or
that in which it owns an interest. The Union Land Exchange has.
through the interests and investments of its various members,
practical control of the lands owned by nine different land com-
panies, representing investments aggregating nearly $500,000 and
an actual value, when fully realized, of over $1,000,000. The
members of the Exchange are large stockholders in all these
companies, and fill a number of their most responsible ofHces.
The following are the offlcere of the Exchange : President, J. T.
McLaughlin; vice president, Geo. H. Hedley; secretary, W. T.
Hornaday ; treasurer, Charles H. Hedley ; auditor, Cyrus J.
Wheelock: attome.vs, Piatt & Wheeler. All the officers of this or-
ganization are enterprising, well known, and responsible business
men. The president, Mr. J. T. McLaughlin, is one of the largest and
most successful brokers in realty in the city. His success has been
due to two things, good judgment, and faith in the development of
the city. During the many years that he has been identified with
the real estate business he has successfully conducted numerous im-
portant transactions in real estate. Pievious to his interest in re«l

estate he was engaged in the publishing business, and was one of the
founders of the Buffalo Press Club, of which he is still a prominent
and esteemed member. The vice president of the Exchange, Mr.
George H. Hedley, a former resident of Jledina, is a well-known
capitalist of great energy and ability in the organization and devel-
opment of large enteipiises in real estate. Like all the other
members of the Exchange, he has invested generously in Buffalo
real estate. The general secretary of the Exchange, Mr. W. T.
Hornaday, was attracted to the Buffalo real estate field from the
service of the United States Government. For eight years he was
connected with the Smithsonian Institution as a naturalist, and it
was he who successfully induced the fiftieth Congress to establish a
National Zoological Park at Washington, by the passage of a bill
appropriating $800,000. He was appointed by the park commission
as superintendent of the park, and in that capacity negotiated with
land owners for the purchase of $1.58,000 worth of land for the park
site, by agreement, thus saving to the government many thousands
of dollars, and fulfilling to the letter his estimates and promises to
Congress. On the strength of his estimates and plans the fifty-first
Congress appropriated last May a further sum of $98,000 for the im-
provement of the Zoological Park, under the direction of the Smith-
sonian Institution. At this point a lack of harmotiy with the secre-
tary of the Smithsonian led Mr. Hornaday to resign his position, and
accept an equal interest with the members of the Union Land Ex-
change, with whom he had been interested as a silent partner for
two years. Previous to doing so, however, he had carefully investi-
gated all the best real estate fields between Washington, D. C, and
Seattle, and as a result unhesitatingly declared his belief that in
Buffalo, real estate values are comparatively much lower and less
" boomed " than in any other large city, while the city's prospects
are vastly superior to those of any other. Hence Mr. Hornaday has
chosen Buffalo as the best field in this country for profit making in
real estate, and brings to the Exchange a thorough knowledge of
business organization and administration, and trained executive
ability. The treasurer of the Exchange, Mr. O. H. Hedley, is a well
known capitalist, builder, and contractor of Medina, a man of rare
energy, caution, and foresight, who has set aside all other business
interests in favor of Buffalo. In company with Mr. G. H. Hedley he
has charge of the department of building and improvements, and
their operations in that line have been very extensive. At present
they are erecting eighteen houses on properties in East Buffalo man-
aged by the Exchange. Mr. Cyrus J. Wheelock is the auditor for
the Exchange, and manager of the department of sales and collec-
tions. As a salesman of real estate and a manager of agents he has
few equals. He is one of Buffalo's most experienced and best know n
real estate operators, and like his associates has cheerfully staked
everything on the future of the city. It is the modest boast of the
Exchange that not one of its members has ever lost a dollar in real
estate investments, or ever made an investment which turned out
poorly. The Exchange now occupies a handsome and spacious
suite of offices in the front of the new Agency Building, Nos. 42 and
44 Niagara Street, which also serve as the main office of the follow-
ing land companies, all of which have been organized, and are
largely controlled by the Exchange :

The Bishop Land Company. Capital, $60,000. President, J. T.
JlcLaughlin; secretary, W. T. Hornaday. The total area of the
tract originally owned by this company was 40 acres, situated in East
Buffalo, on William Street, at its intersection with Harlem Avenue.
Over 300 lots have been sold and less than 100 remain. Houses are
going up rwpidly on this tract, and as fast as erected they are occu-
pied by men from the ruany railway shops and yards situated close
by. Thestockof thiscompany commandsahighpremium,and there
are veiy few transfers made. Shares that have cost only $18 each are
now selling at $70, and in exchange have been rated as high as $100.

The Oak Grove Land Company (capital $100,000; C. H. Hedley,
president; Cyrus J. Wheelock, secretary) owns a very fine tract of
83 acres of first class residence property, situated on both sides of
Humboldt Parkway, a magnificent boulevard 200 feet wide, with
additional frontage on the north side of Delavan Avenue. This
region is destined to become one of the finest in the city. Its sub-
division has just been completed, and the lots are to be offered at
such low prices ("for residence purposes only") that it is the ex-
pectation of those interested that all will he sold within a few months.

The tract of the Parkway Land Company (capital, $100,000; G. 11.
Hedley. president: C. J. Wheelock, secretary) contains 25 acres.

LLUSTRATED

*Svffalojc

THE C^l/ECN
CITY or THE LAKES.

adjoining and laid out with tbc trail of the Oak (iiove Laud Coin-
pany. Like the latter it hus (liie front^iKe ou the most desirable
portion of Humboldt Parkway and Uelavan Avenue, and its low-
priced lotji, sold on easy puynieuts. offer raiv inducements to small
investors who wish to ilouble their money in three of four years.

The Mutual Land Secitritij Cumpanu (capital, $l(KI,0(Xi; J, T. Mc-
UiUKlilin. president; W. T. Hornoilay, secivtary i, owns, or did own
when first subdivideil, 51 acres in East UnfTato, adjoiniiif?, on the city
side, the tract of the Bishop I^iid Co. .Since this tiact wa.s put on the
niai'ket, about three months ago, eiRhty-flve lots have been sold, and
fourteen dwelling houses and a store are now in process of erection.
Like the lots on the Bishop tract, and those of the two companies to
be mentioned next, the lots on the Mutual tract are intendeil to fin--
nish homes for skilled mechauics and railway employees generally,
by whom it is apparently well appreciated.

The Enterprise Land Co. (capital $.')5,(I(X>) owns S5 ocres in East
Buffalo, next to the Mutual tract ou the west, and is held in bulk.
On accoimt of the expansion of the numerous railway interests
which lie .so near it, the future of this property is well assured, and
its owners are content to let it lie as it is for some time to come.

The Tunauxinda Ilrights Lmid Co. (J. T. McLaughlin, president;
B. B. Hamilton, secretar)-; capital, SSK.OOO) represents au invest
ment on the Niagara River front, north of the city limits of Buffalo.
The tract contains 220 acres of fine land that will very soon lie needed
for residence and manufacturing puiposes, and lots are ofteretl at
low prices on the customary easy payments.

The Acme Land Company (capital, $65.(1im; |,i.si.l.iit. .1. II. Kd-
wai-ds; secretaiy, B. H. Oberdorf, both of Hiui-i li. N V i..\vns:)K
acresad joining the Bishop tracts and, with the ,'\.''-pi i..ii oi tli<- metn-
bers of the Exclian e, its stockholders are in-;irl\ ;ill i<--.iiifn!s of
DansviUe. Over 100 lots have already Ijeeu siiM un this tract, and
on several of Ihcm houses are now being erected. The affairs of
this company are in a highly prosperous condition.

The IVoodlaim Avenue Land Co. (capital, $80,000; J. B. Gillelt, of
Lo Roy, president; W. B. Aris, secretary) has lately purchased and
subdivided into 100 lots a very desirable tract of land on East Ferry
Street, where it is crossed by the Belt Line It. R. The accessibility
of Ibis locality to all parts of the city by means "f the Belt Line will
make it popular, and highly desirable to those who desire to invest
in good residence pritperty at low prices. The stocks of this com-
poiiy as well as the offices are held chiefly by outside investors of
Roi-hester and a<ljacent towns.

TTie Ri>chestrr lAtnd Company of Buffalo is, as its name implies,
composed chiefly of Rochester capitalists who have visited Buffalo,
and studied the leal estate situation ou the spot. Its capital is $80,000,
and in its corps of officers W. B. Aris is president, and C!eo. S. Mor-
ley, secretary. The area of the property is 44 acres, and it occupies
a comiuanding situation between two railroads, the N. Y. Central
and West Shore, and three great thoroughfares, Broadway, Wal-
den Avenue, oud Harlem Aveuue. From a speculative i)oint of
view this is one of the ftne-st properties ever taken in Iianii by the
Exchange, and is regarded by those interested as "a ripe plum."

Of the nine companies named above, several owe their existence
to the outside capital that has been offered the various members of
the Union Land Exchange for investment in Buffalo real estate. The

Exchange is constantly on the keen lookout for g I bargains, and

its membei-s have acquired the reputation of being close and careful
buyers, as well as genuine "rustlers" in developing and selling
property. Believing that now is the golden opportunity to buy,
while values in many sections of the city are still so low that a great
increase in the future seems absolutely certain, the Exchange feels
reasonably sure of its ability to now invest capital that may be en-
trusted to its care so that it will double within from three to Ave
years, to say the least. Those who join with it in investing money,
either in land company stock, in vacant lots, or in building houses,
cannot possibly fail to secure far liauiisomer returns ih in can ever
be derived from ordinary interest on loans, or rents. The Exchange
invites the most thorough investiiration of its personnel, its busi-
nt'Ks methods, its busines.s record, and its investmt>nts.

ASCHOELL & BROS., Dealers in Fancy and Staple Groceries.
Nos. 548 and ."MS Broadway.— The members of this firm ore
, .Messrs. A. and L. Schoell, the former a native of Germany
and resident here the greater portion of his life, and the
1 iitii ;i liiifTalonian by birth This enterprise was founled origin

ally In lasi by Mr A Schoell, and from the start developed a very
large and influential patronage, and in IWH the present flnu was or
ganized by the admission of his brother Louis inu> the business as a
partner. The premises utilized are spacious and commodious, siilta
biy arranged and supplied with every convenience for the prompt
and successful prosecution of the trade, and accommodation of the
large and valuable assortment of goods cnnstantly on hand. The
stock carried embraces everything in the line of choice fancy and
staple groceries, such as absolutely pure and frebh new crop Young
Hyson, Souchong, Oolong. Gunpowder. Japan. English breakfast
and other teas; fragrant Mocha, .lava, ond Rio coffees, cocoas,
chocolates and spices, liest brands of bemietiually sealed goods in
tin and glass: table delicacies, sauces, relishes, condin.ents. foreign
and domestic fruits; sugars, syrups, molasses; choice dairy and
fancy cr<>aniery butter, cheese, fresh laid eggs; farm and garden
products, unci II, h. I ai.i I ni.l lauudry supplies, cereal and farina-
ceous food- I I I in rs,ales and beer bottled for family

use; cigars m i i i , The firm also does a very extensive

trade in the cli : • 1 lianl .f new roller process spring and winter
wheat. Hour, buckwheat, rye and Graham flour, cracked oats and
wheat, white and yellow corn meal, oatmeal, bran, middlings.
.shorts, mill feed of all descriptions: also baled hay and straw for ani-
mal proveuder. The goods emanating from this house are noted for
their superior excellence, purity, and low prices, and customers re-
ceive prompt and courteous treotmeni from polite assistants and
orders are delivered at residences in the city free of charge. Messrs.
Schoell and Brother are wide awake, energetic, and honorable deal-
ers, highly respected and justly ujerit the success they have achieved
by their ability and industry.

BUFFALO BELTINtf WORKS, R. Hofteld & Co., Proprietors,
Nos. 3;K to me Washington Street. -Without exception the
famous house of Jlessrs. R. Hoffeld & Co. permanently main-
tains the lead as regards belling, machinery, and all descrip-
tions of mill and engine supplies. The Rnii is composed of the « ell
known capitalist, Mr. R. Hoffeld, and Jlr. T. Gingras, widely cele-
brated OS an e-xpert in all that concerns this business. The firm be-
gan business in 1879, and were first located on Seneca Street, thence
removing to No. ,59 Chicago Street, and subsequently to Wells
Street, and where they were burned out in 1889. Tliey subsequently
opened at Nos. IS'> to 128 Washington Street, but growth of trade
and need of enlarged accommodation for stock, after compelled the
erection of their present magnificent new building so centrally
located at Nos. S32 to aiti Washington Street. It is four stories and
basement in height, 60x150 feet in dimensions, and elaborately fitted
up throughout, having also all the modern improvements. Here is
all necessary factory outfit, and from 80 to 100 hands are employed
in the various departments. The firm control itiany important
specialties; among others the famous patent indestructible steel
center polishing wheel, the lightest, strongest, safest, and most
economical, and used by leading concerns all over; also the equally
famous " Buffalo ,\xle Washers," ninnufiictiued under Mr. Gingras'
patents, and which ai-e cut front pure oak tanned leather, and, with-
out use of acids or chemicals, pressed in a die ond made peifeclly
round. They are all uniform in thickness, measuring six to the inch
after pressing, and are by far the best, cheapest, and most durable.
Another specialty .ire their elegant lines of solid leather tnink han-
dles— no " pasteil " leather, but from best stock, and outwearing any
trunk. The flrm carry an enormous stock of the rubber belting of
the N. Y. Belting and Packing Co brand: iilso their own justly cele-

I\ in'- 1' .hler— cotton belting,
1 ' is the leading nia-
' ing the rootn, added
III!- iimI tuolsof allde.scrip-
'iiiplii-Mted elsewhere. Here
pli.-s iinil factory outfits, and
nint ■ f Mr .1 L. Osgood has

brated best oak leather beltiut:-

and full lines of laclnur, paekiiiL-

chinery supply house, and in I'-

full lines of iron and brass w..i k

tions of a make and quoted at pr

are best grades of all machine s

the department under the able i

no equal In the western part of the state. This llrni sell nil over the

United Stotes. and export to Canada, Europe, .-tc , and are annually

enlarging their immense trade. Mr Gingras is the active partner

and is the leading authority in his line. He was with Bickford A

Curtiss for ten years and lias twenty-two years' experience in this

branch of trade, with the lesult that every one can fully rely on his

sound judgment, while he is an honorable business man. and bns

ever retained the confidence of lending conimer.-ial lin-les

ILLUSTRATED

VICTOR MANUFACTURING CO., Ensineers, MillwrigUts. Ma-
chinists, Etc., No. 6 West Feri-y Street.— In compiling an
account of the industries of Buflfalo we desiie to particularly
mention those establishments that are the best representa-
tives of each si)ecial line of production, and are contribuling to the
•city's fame and reputation. In tliis connection special attention is
directed to the establishment of the Victor Manufacturing Co., engi-
neers, millwrights, and machinists. This concern has been in oper-
ation the past two year.s, and in that lime a reputation has been
established and a business of the most substantial character built
up, reflecting greatly upon tlie ability of Mr. R. Laws and Mr. R. W.
Aitken, who own, conduct, and manage it. The office and works are
located at No. C West Ferry Street. The building, a three-story
structure, is 30x40 feet in dimensions, and is equipped with the very
best improved machinery and appliances, operated by steam power,
while a force of from fifteen to twenty practical workmen is kept
constantly employed. All kinds of machinery is made to order, a
special feature being made of mill maehinerj' and gearing, and of
fitting up and equipping mills, etc., besides doing repairing and
general jobbing. This concern manufactures a number of patented
and improved machines and tools, among which is the Branto
Variety Wood Worker. This machine combines all ihe essential
points of a flrst-class dimension saw, single spindle reversible
shaper, and boring, gaining, mortising or routing machine. The arbor
is arranged to work at any angle with reverse motion, and can be
adjusted while running. It is especially adapted to a wide range of
work, the changes being quickly made. The matei-ial operated
upon always lies flat on the table, and all togging up of the material
on jacks, etc., is done away with. All kinds of variety shaping or
molding, panel raising, grooving, dadoing, i-ipping, cross cutting,
boring, mortising and routing, etc., is done on this machine, and it
is so arranged that the material can be w orked above or below on
eith^* side of the arbor. Several new features, combined with
rapid changes and ea.sy adjustment, place the machine at the
head of all variety wood workeis. This is what is said of it:
Manufacturers of wood-working machinery sny, "It goes ahead
of everything as a combination machine;" contractors and builders
say, "It would soon pay for itself in our business;" carriage
manufacturers say, "Just the machine needed in every factory;"
pattern makers and variety wood workers say, "We have never
seen one machine so complete and applicable to our business." The
firm are agents for the World Injector. It is used extensively
throughout the country, and pronounced the best, most reliable and
easiest handled injector ever before brought to the notice of the
public. The Victor Manufacturing Co. are also agents for the cele-
brated Payne yacht engines, from a horse power to 6 horse power,
and also for the Payne mounted engines, from G horse power to 4.50
horse power, and Corliss engines, 80 horse power to 450 horse
power, which excel all others, and are the lightest, most durable
and substantial engines ever designed. The company are also
agents for all kinds of wood and iron working machinery. The Fox
Machine Co. and the Fox Patent Universal Dado or groove saw-
ing bead, both plain and adjustable, consisting entirely of saws.
They also build improved machines for dado cutting, and make a
special business of dealing in the American injector, fire plugs,
ejectors, etc. Illustrated catalogues and prices are published by
the company, and these may be had on application. Advice is fur-
nished gratis, au. I , ..t 1,-1 ,1,1. , solicited. Mr. Laws, who looks

after the financMi , i ,, , , i the concern, is a practical busi-
ness man of i'\| ,, i i judgment, and well and promi-
nently known in iin-, , ii\ ^ii .Vitlcen is an experienced, expert
machinist, and has (-hargf of ttie works. His reputation as an engi-
neer and machinist is of the highest character, and he ranks among
the best in the city. Both these gentlemen are in the prime of Ufe.
They are natives of Scotland, but have been in Buffalo for over
twenty years, anc, during their business career have met with a
pronounced success, a success such as is only accorded to those
whose business is governed by correct, honorable principles.

GEIST & WALKINSHAW, Real Estate and Insurance; Office.
No. -329 Fourteenth Street, Comer Rhode Island.— The real
estate and insurance interests of Buffalo have long held a
representative position, and are reckoned among those of the
greatest magnitude and importance. Hence it is but natural that
these interests should be controlled by the best business talent.

rrotnineut among tlie most active and enterprising members of the
real estate fraternity we find are Messrs. Grist atid Walkinshaw, •■
whose office is at No. 329 Fourteenth Street, corner Rhode Island. '
The busmess was founded in 1888 by Mr. F. S. Grist, who was
recently joined by Mr. J. A. Walkinshaw. They are experienced
practical men of unquestioned reputation, and are well known in
real estate and insurance and business circles. Among their clientele
they number many of the leading capitalists, merchants, and manu-
facturers. They pay particular attention to buying, selling, and
exchanging realty, negotiating loans on bonds and mortgages, and
atteud promptly and correctly to all branches of the business. They
have for sale a number of very desirable residence and business
properties, and are always prepared to offer the best inducements to
those seeking good, safe, pertnanent investments. They have the
very best facilities for assisting small capitalists to .secure homes.
Messrs. Grist and Walkinshaw are well acqnaintt-.l wiih the present
aud prospective value of houses ;iii.l Limis m ih., ^.,, ii,,ii in which

they are located, and are ready at all ii ^ ;,, i,hi,i I, iii.nniation

to those desiruig to purchase. Tin- lit jh ai~ |,,,,,-m innniberof

the most substantial insurance companies, among winch are the
Guardian Assurance Co., of London, England; the Home, of New
York ; the Eagle Fire Co., of New York; and others of like character
and standing: and can place risks at the very lowest rates. Mr.
Grist is a native of England, where he was born thirty-five years
ago, and Mr, Walkinshaw. who is forty years old, is from Scotland.
They are both well known and prominent in Buffalo, where they have
resided for s, ime time and enjoy the esteem of all having business
dealings with them. They make a special business of renting houses,
bui'dings, etc., collecting rents and taking care of estates. The
office is open evenings, and the telephone call is 1684 M.

THE CEAMiAl.l, 111 It SIC, X.-ai F.a^t r.nfTal,, St.„-k Yards, Asa
B. Cfan,l;ill. I ', , .pn.l, .1 \ r:,,,,!!.! f.-M.-u ..1 tlir I'ast Buffalo
Stock Y;m,Is ;mi,| IIm- 111., ^l,.rk nit.T.-sis .,f tli.'iity Mould be

dations provided for stock dealers and commission men. Aiming to
speak impartially, we desire to make reference to the widely known
Crandall House, of which Mr. Asa B. Crandall is the popular and
energetic proprietor. Mr. Crandall was for several years proprietor
of the Stock Exchange Hotel, and in October, 1881. opened the
Crandall House, which is three stories high and 250x110 feet in area,
eontaining 70 rooms, with accommodations for 175 guests. The
Cratidall House is a commodious, well appointed, ami comfortable
hotel, and is conducted in strictly first-class style. It has lately
been refitted and refurnished throughout, the improvements costing
$8,000. Mr. Crandall, though a thoronsh hotel man, is particularly
noted for the liberality i»r liis manaK'-'nu-nt ^^'lll■tl an improvement

in the house suggests its.Ii ili.- .|ii.-,i i . ..vi i,.-v.-r enters into his

calculations. The hoiis.- is iii.,\i.l.,,l ,,\iili ;in ni.,ilcin improvements,

including a billiard re , uiiil.- tlic ni.aiis ,.t' .-s.aiie in case of fire

are ample. The bar is fully supplied with a choice stock of wines,
liquors, ales, lager beer, and cigars, which can always be obtained
here in perfection. During the past four years Mr. Crandall has be-
come largely interested in the sale of horses, and has bnilt and laid
out a one-Ihird mile track for the accommodation of his friends.
This track is surrounded by a fence nine feet high. He intends to
erect immediately a large pavilion in the centre of his race grounds
tor the auction sale of horses. The Crandall House is looked itpon
as a regular headquarters for stock men while in Buffalo. The rates
are only $1.50 per day, and it may be justly stated that it is not sur-
passed by any hotel at the same price in the country. The table is
one of the best in the (■it\ . ami is fully supplied with everything in
season. Mr. Crandall i- :.---i~t.,.l i.\ his atniable wife, who equally
understands and supei\ 1^.,-- I ii.- .Ill ..Ii, .11 of affairs. The bouse has

telegraph and teleplmn.- ...hi ti..ns f.,r the accommodation of

guests. The dining room is spacious, well lighted and ventilated,
and will easily seat 100 guests. Here Mr. Crandall has served 400
dinners in one day. The walls of the office are decorated with fine
engravings cf blood horses, and a large blackboard records the
arrival of all live stock trains, etc. Mr. Crandall was born in New
York. He is highly regarded by the community for his kind and
courteous manners, and has made hosts of friends, owing to his
integrity and energy. He is a partner in the firm of Crandall & Co..
horse dealers, whose sales amotmt to $100,000 monthly and whose
stables have accommodations for ."iOO horses.

LLUSTRATED

^Bvffalojc

CITIZENS' BANK OK BLKKALi i, foiiiei- of WllUaiiis iiml SlicM-
innii Strwts. -The vnni srclioii nf the city, chnraotei-ized n8
Knst UuiTaln. given eviilence of such progri'ss in iiiuterlal uml
coiniiieix-inl K'onth ns not only to till the residents of tbnt
ptoi of the niiinioipality with a pride ami satisfiiction Hint are huth

e nendahlB and justiflnble, but to win the approval and admlro-

tionof the residents in all other sections of the Qui-cn City of the
Lakes. Within the past few yeai-s resideuees. mercantile houses,
maimfacturies, and workshops of every character and decree have
been sprinf^ing up on all hands, and where but a short time ap^
nothiDK but fields and swamps w.to to ti. •;. rn a lar;,-.-. hustling,
progressive coniinuiiil> ..f ~.v. i' ' ' ■ t^. be

-found, vying in commerce and niamifactures with its neighbors in
the older sections of this tlourisliiiig and goahead city by tlie lake.
In this quarter, too, are the second largest stock yards in the conn
try, where millions of dollars change hands weekly, and to which con-
signments of live stock are made from all points, north, west, and
south. Here is also growing up what promi-ses to be the largest
horse market in the country, and this and kindred industries are
giving birth to contingent enterprises. William Street is the most
prominent and busiest Ihoroi
the ni"-i |.i.---.ii J ■,■,,,111- f,,Ir

1 lliis

'"'"-'''""

1 one of
.Ills for
■ ndered
>!-; and
..■..,-t in

•ivil.r

■s.'.i.draeililies

thereby

is wnn

has now been

supplied

sponsible, and public

spirited

order to avail th.-iiis.-lve^ ..f h
entailing loss of time and mo:
by a corporation of wide a

citizens, who have erected a handsome bank building on William
Street — a location which offers special facilities for business connec-
tions with the whole of East Buffalo and the stock yards. The bank
was opened for the transaction of business on October 1st. 1890, and
the large nnml>er of business men who at once became customers
of this fldnciary institution attests Iheir appreciation of this new-
boon in their midst. The bank has adopted the name of "Citizens"
Bank of Buffalo." and the quarters occupied are in every way ad-
mirably adapted and suitable for the purposes intended. The build-
ing is an imposing structure, containing three doors and basement.
It is built of brick with Medina stone dressings, and lias n hand.some
arched doorway fronting on William Street. The building was
erected from the designs of >Ir. George J. Melzger. The whole of
the first floor is useti for banking purposes, is lian<LsomeIy flnislied
in natural cherry, and the whole building is heated by steam. The

basement has been h-l for business pui|>o.si'S, and the upper (loors
OS ofllces and a fraternal hall. In the bank bus been placed a Cor-
liss burglar-proof safe of the latest pattern and said to be ilie larg-
est in the city. II is a marvelous piece of nicchanlsni, weighs eight
tons, and stands si.\ feet high in one of the spacious vaults. To open
this safe a tboroiigli knowledge of the combination and levers is, of
course, rt;quii-ed. The safe looks like a huge ball with the combina-
tion knobs peeping out. The operator first operates on the combina-
tion. When thai has been opened, he turns a silver lever that draws
certain bolts, tlien turns a large lever that causes & central disk to
recede from the face of the shell, when it can, by a simple turn, be
faced around presenting Hie doors that open to the deposit pock,?ts.
This ball weighs one ami a quarter tons, and will hold at least a
milion of dollai-s comfortably. The safe has double time locks and
all eleetricnl appliances in proii-ci it from being tampered with.
Thr iiiii.^ l.'r,. uill li.,M for s.-x. i,i> two hours. The vault rests on

aiiniuM i,ii.,i :il 11 111 <r>n!i.Tt..i u ii li pi-liL-e headquarters, also a tnist-
ui.ii!i\ !Li;:tir w.itrliniaii. Tlj.- ('iii/.^ns' Bank is organized under
the laws of the stale of New York, with a capital of $IOO,COO, and the
Board of Directors consists of the following well know-n, re.^-ponsible
citizens: Joseph Block, president, capitolisi; Christian Kliuk. whole-
sale beef and pork packer, J. Adam I.aiitz, of Lniiiz Bros, & Co.,
soap manufacturers: Devillo W. Harrington, physician; Wm. A.
Kinehart, of J. F. Sadler & Co., livestock merchants; Louis Weill,
r.al estate: W. F. Wendt. president of Buffalo Forge Company;
.I-T-tiin- 1 Prentiss, of ,1. I. Prentiss & Co., wlndesale grocers; Na-
rlrini.^l w. Norton, of Norton Bros., attorneys; John S. I.,angner, of
.1 Ini s Langner & Brother, wholesale grocers; (Jeorge F. Zeller
M. ■ |ifxiil,-iii,. ..f a. V. Zeller & .Sons, tanner.s. The executive

■111. 11 i ,n,i, ill. Ml .Ii-.-|ili in.ii-k. president: Mr. George F.

/■!:■ 1 1 :::. Mul Ml. I T Walers, casliier, Mr. Waters

■VI : iiiiii, ' p,oih_- iiii.l T nin;; teller of the Bank of Com-

iii.i. . u,ii !■ ■ iiil.v . iisiii.-i r..r ilir ll.-ikimer County National Bank
at Liiile Falls, where lie was engaged for ten yeai-s. Tlie bank
oiTersall facilities enjoyed under the modern banking .system. It
receives deposits on interest payable by cheek at sight; it has corre-
spondents in all the leading cities through whom it makes collec-
tions, and is quickly building up a foreign exchange business. The
bank was inaugurated under excellent auspices, is unde,- efficient
and experienced management, and has a bright future before it.

HKNHY RKULING. Contractor and Builder; Office, Planing Mill
and Yard, No. 709 Clinton Street; Kesidence, No. 597 Clinton
Street.— The development of East Buffalo within the past
few years has been almost phenomenal, and as a necessary
and indispensable consequence the development of its industries has
been proportionate. Among the leading industrial establishments
hei-e special reference should be made to that of Mr. Henry Reuling,
contractor and builder, whose office, planing mill, and yard are situ-
ate at No. 769 Clinton Street. Tliis gentleman was born in Germany,
whence he came to this country a mere boy, and settled in Buffalo.
In ISCihe founded his present enterprise as a general contractor and
builder, and many of the finest buildings in Buffalo are the product
of that gentleman's skill and activity. They are remarkable for the
thoroughness of the work done, the excellence of the materials n.sed.
and the faithful adherence to the plans and specifications of the de-
signers. Mr. Reuling is the owner of the premises occupied by him.
and the.se conipri.se a large lumber yani having nearly l.O'Oteet
frontage on the railway tracks, 218 feet on Lord Street, and 15 feet
on Clinton Street. On the latter piece is situate the office, w hich is
elegantly fitted iqi. The planing mill, which adjoins Hie office, is a
two-story frame structure, (iOxflO feet in dimensions!, fully equipped
with the most perfect woodworking machinery known to the trade.
All kinds and grades of rough and dressed luml er for builders' use
are to be found in the yards: and planing, matching, toughening,
grooving, etc., ond all manner of wood dressing are performed on
short notice and at lowest prices. Seventy skilled hands are em-
ployed, ami the motor power is supplied by a 00 horse power engine
of the latest pattern. Mr. Reining is also owner of an extra yard,
7JX.300 feet in area, fronting on the railroad tracks. The bu.siness
done is a most extensive one. and Mr. Reuling is at all limes pre-
pared to fui-nish estimates and undertake contracts for the con-
struction and erection of buildings in any part of w-e.stern New York

ILLUSTRATED

^^BVFFAL0A

THE QUEEN
CITY OF THE LAKES.

HENKY HEITMUELLER. Insurance Agent and Dealer in Coal,
"Wood, and Coke, No. 230 Hampshire Street. -The operations
in the prosecuiionof Hie trade in coal, wood, coke, etc., in Buf-
falo are conducted upon a mammoth scale of importance,
and are a prime factor in the growth and development of the city's
industries. There is not one among the many responsible houses en-
gaged ill fuel in this city enjoying a better reputation for handling
flrst-class commodities, and honorable, fair, square dealing than
that of Mr. Henry Heitmueller, whose popular and well conducted
ofiice and yard are eligibly located at No. 250 Hampshire Street.
Tills gentleman was born in Meppen, Province of Hnnover, Ger-
iiiany, but has been a resident of this city for a number of years.
Prior to engaging in this trade he was at first a hard working young
man, and aftenvards was engaged with the late Mr. Josef Berlin,
with whom he learned his present business. He inaugurated this en-
terprise in 1886 on the corner of Main and Seneca Streets, and in 1888
he bought the block on the corner of Chenango and Massachusetts
Streets for the purposes of his business. He at once built up a very
large and influential patronage, which increased to such proportions
that he had to seek more commodious and central quarters. The
premises occupied are owned by himself, are new, spacious, and
commodious, and fully equipped with every convenience for the
successful transaction of the business. The office is neatly appointed
and supplied with every comfort, while his yard is amply provided
with shedding, screens, coal pockets, standard scales, delivery
wagons, etc. A heavy stock is constantly carried, and this embraces
the very best varieties of Lackawanna, Wyoming. Lehigh. Lykens,
and Schuylkill anthracites, besides the choicest of bituminous coals
from Pittsburgh, Youghiogheny, and other regions west of the Alle-
ghenies; also the very best Connellsville coke. These are all care-
fully cleaned before delivery to patrons, and full weight is guaran-
teed in every instance. His stock of wood embraces the best body
and thoroughly seasoned hickory, oak, maple, beech, birch, and
other varieties of hard wood for fuel, also yellow pine and hemlock.
Having superior connections with some of the most prominent Are
insurance companies in the country, Mr. Heitmueller is prepared to
issue policies for any amount compatible with safety at lowest rates
of premium. He Is an active, courteous gentleman, popular with all
classes, and is justly entitled to the success he has achieved by his
ability and industry.

FP. NUSE. Diamonds, Watches. Clocks, Jewelry and Silver-
ware. No. 397 Main Street, Opposite Adam. Meldrum &
J .\iideison's.— Among the most popular and enterprising
houses in this city actively engaged in the business of a
watchmaker and jeweller is that of Mr. Frank P. Nuse. It was
established some twenty-seven years ago by Mr. H. L. Nuse at
Titusville, Pa., and most successfully conducted until 1872, when
he was succeeded in the business by his nephew, the present pro-
prietor. Three years ago the business was removed to Buffalo and
established on Seneca Street. These premises having been destroyed
by fire in 1889, the business was again removed to Main Street, and
finally located in its present handsome quarters at No. 397 Main
Street opposite Adam, Meldrum & Anderson. The store is a large
and attractive one, 15x100 feet in dimensions, with large plate glass
front and tastefully fitted up show windows, in which are displayed
samples of the costly and valuable stock carried. A large and first-
class assortment is always kept on hand, including fine gold and
silver watches, superb diamonds and diamond jewelry, rubies,
euieralds, pearls, and other precious stones; novelties in ear-rings
and pendants, clocks of every size and description, finger rings,
brooches, scarf-pins, breast-pins, chains, charms, lockets, bracelets,
solid silver and plated ware, dinner service, table cutlery, and a
complete line of art novelties, bronzes, opera glasses, spectacles
etc., gold and silver headed canes and umbrellas. The goods
handled are unsurpassed for quality, neatness, and uniqueness of
design, and are offered at prices that challenge competition. Mr.
Nuse is a practical watchmaker, and has had many years' experience
in the business. He gives his personal attention to the regulating,
cleaning, and repairing of watches, clocks, and jewelry, and fully
warrants his work in every respect. The patronage he receives is
large and infiuential, and is constantly increasing. He is a native
of Germany, and has been in this country since 1868. He is highly
esteemed, and sustains an excellent social and
the conimimily.

VALENTINE SEITZ, Boots and Shoes, No. 383 Broadway.-A.
leading boot and shoe house meriting special mention is-
that of Mr. Valentine Seitz, located at No. 308 Broadway.
This enterprise was originally established some twenty years
ago by Messrs. High.-im & Seitz, on the corner of Main and Eagle
Streets. In 1878 Mr. Higham severed his connection with the house,
and the business was then continued by Mr. Valentine Seitz alone up
to his death in 1890, when his widow came into possession ; and since
then the business lias been under the management of her son, Mr.
Jacob Seitz, a young man of great business enterprise and abiUty,
whose thorough knowledge of the requirements of the trade was
obtained under his father's careful guidance. The spacious and
elegantly furnished store now occupied is 73x21 feet in dimensions,
with workshop at the rear. Every modem convenience and faciUty
is at hand for the effective conduct of the large trade done. There
is constantly carried a large and well assorted stock, which in
extent, variety, and value is unsurpassed by tliat of any other
similar establishment in this part of the city. The house deals in
all kinds of footwear, making a specialtj- of fine goods, and furnish-
ing custom goods to order. The best of boots, .shoes, and rubbers
for men, women, youths, misses, and children aie offered here at
prices that defy competition, while the finest quality of boots and
shoes are made'to order, none but first-class skilled workmen being
employed. The goods of the house have a well-deserved reputation
for the excellence of the materials used in their construction, as well
as for the uniform excellence of the work. The trade is altogether
retail, and extends throughout the city and iis surroundings. The
patronage has always been a large and influential one, and under
the able management of Jlr. Jacob Seitz is steadily increasing.
Repairing is a special feature of the work done on these premises,
and are expeditiously and satisfactorily executed, the charges in
all instances being fair and equitable. Mr. Seitz was born in this
city, and although a young man, has since he assumed tlie control
of the business, shown a spirit of enterprise and activity which has
made him a very popular man with the trade and the business
community generally.

MACHWIRTH RHniHT'^RS, M:irnfacturers of Galvanized Iron
Cornice and Wm i-u ( :,,,. an. I Tile, Gravel, Iron, Tin, and
.Slate Ronfeis. x.i-. :«i :ij. a. hi 'M Broadway.— The old-estab-
lislied and e\i'r popular house of Messrs. Machwirth Bros.,
manufacturers of galvanized iron cornice and window caps, and
file, gravel, iron, tin, and slate roofers, at Nos. 90, 93, and 94 Broad-
way, is as widely and favorably known in its specialties as any in
the country, offering inducements to purchasers, contractors, and
builders in its line n^^t easily duplicated to any point in the United
States. It was founded over fifty yeare ago by Mr. .^dolpli Mach-
wirth as a small jobbing shop, and in 1870 the firm of Machwirth &
Son was organized by the admission of Mr. Adolph Machwirth, Jr., to
partnership. In 1879 the honored senior partner died, after a long
and successful business career, and the two sons, Messrs. Adolph
and Emil Machwirth. succeeded to the control under the present
firm name. The building occupied for manufacturing and trtule
purposes contains four floors and a basement, 245x30 feet each,
splendidly equipped with improved machinery, tools, and ample
steam power, and steady employment is given to one hundred and
ten skilled hands. The galvanized iron cornices, window caps, sky-
lights, roofs, and other specialties for which this firm is so widely
noted are considered by good judges to be the embodiments of
mechanical workmanship of the highest order of perfection, and
unsurpassed for reliabUity and uniform excellence. Ventilation,
condensation, expansion, and contraction are all fully provided foi-,
and the effects of sudden and extreme changes of temperature upon
structures of sheet metal and iron are entirely prevented by the
skill of this firm. They refer with confidence to the hundreds of
their specialties now in use all over the country as the best claim
that can be put forward for public favor and the patronage of the
trade. Orders receive prompt attention, and the firm are able to
grant advantages and benefits to customers that challenge com-
parison and defy successful competition. .\ branch house was
established in Toronto, Ont., in 1889, which lias developed a large
and increasing trade throughout Canada. The Messrs. Machwirth
are natives of Buffalo, expert and practical metal workers, mem-
bers of the Builders' Exchange, and are also interested in the brew-
ing and ice business.

ILLUSTRATED

SAMUEL, C. KOUERS & CO., Muuufacturera of BookWuiiere' Ma-
iliiinry, ami Saw Filers aiij Gmumers, Nos. ITO to 1T4 Kulton
Str«'l.— One of tho most responsible and progressive raanufac-
turint; concerns In BnlTalo is that of the firm of Samuel C,
Rogers & Co., manufacturen* of saw fliers and gummei's and of l>ook
binders' mocUlnery. Jlr. Rogers is a native of Canada, where for many
years he conducted the extensive works inHnmillon, Ontario. From
small beginnings his business connections with American establisli-
menls became such that, in order to continue them without tlie hiii-
ilrance to their scope which the duty on bis goods exported to tliis
(•o\iutr>* created, and to save to his patrons on this side of the line
the large increase in price which sncii duty necessitated, he, in 188t>,

opened a branch factory at Nos. 170 to 1T4 Fulton Street, i
for the production of the wares he destined for the American mar-
ket. The premises occupied consist of the entire second floor,
60x80 feet, of the building located at the above address, where twenty
skilled and trained workmen are constantly employed in the making
of machinery which has gamed a first-class name in the market of
tins and other states, from the .\tlantic to the Paeiflc. The latest
perfected machinery is used in this establishment, and in the four
years that have elapsed since the Buffalo branch of the works were
started a trade of not less than $23,000 per year has already be<>n
built up for it. An experienced and practical machinist himself,
Mr. Rogers is the inventor and patentee of most of the machinery
made at his works, and he personally superintends the translation
into metal of the creations of his brain. That to which he has par-
ticularly applied himself— with what great success the numerous
testimonials he has in his possession from those who have used it
bear witnes.s— is tlie production of a perfected saw flier and gum-
mer, which flies, joints, and gunis at one operation, and which saves
time, power, flies, and saws. Saws regularly flied on this machine
do more work, better work, take less power, keep sharp longer, and
do not wear away as fast as when filed by band. The machine is
semi-automatic, and therefore better adapted for the ordinary run
of saw filing than an automatic machine, which is suitable only for
mills having a large number of saws of uniform size and shape. This
invention of Mr. Rogers, is an entirely new departure, not oidy in de-
sign but also in principle, from all filers hitherto patented. These
machines are extensively used in aU the leading millsof this country
and Canada, and also in Europe and Australia, where they find a
ready market. The prices at which they are quoted are moderate'.
ranging from fifty to seventy-five dollars, according to size, tlie tnii-

terlal in all being of imiform excellence. Mr. Rogers by his st4Tllng
business qualities ami the Integrity and liberality displayed In all
his dealings has In a very short space of time gained a prominent
position III the business circles of this city, where he is held In high
esteem and favor.

DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA & WESTF.RN RAILROAD. -Of
the great railroati systems centering in Buffalo and connect-
ing the "Queen City of the Ijikes" with the great commer-
cial nietroiHilis in the country, none has gained so well-de-
served a popularity as the Delaware. Lackawanna and Western
Railroad. This company was charteieil in 1H.V), and the road,
!<.S8.8B miles in length, was completeil in 1SK>, Since then the
company's interests in Buffalo have been multiplying and
increasing on every hand, and it has had no small share in
the work of developing UuffaJo to its present e.vteiisive pro-
portions in respect of both its niunufactures and commerce—
a development which every patriotic Buffalonian is justly
proud of. Buffalo is one of its principal terminals. Irs chief
terminal and its headquarters are on the west shore of the
HuiLson River, directly opposite New York City, with which
connection is established by ferryboats luiming to the foot of
Barclay Street and the foot of Christoplier St reot. In Buffalo
the company's premises occupy much of the frontage on the
harbor, where they have numerous and gigantic coal trestles,
and a coal trafl[ic that foots up into ninny millions of tons a
j-ear, the lake ports as well as the city arj.l ii - . ri% in n - 1. Ii,;_-
supplied with fuel from i his source and n^' i . i i
ployment of a small army of men. In all n i
the company have extensive stock yards an 1 . • .1 ii ;■ • -
in East Buffalo, and a large freight and passeiifrer tr.il'. c
from and lo all quarters. The company's passenger depot
is conveniently located at the foot of Main Street, and the city
ticket ofBceis at No. 11 Exchange Street, the city ticket agent
there being Mr. II. Greglistine, and the ticket agent at the
depot Mr. E. J. Hutchinson. Tickets are also to be had at
-^^^ 5Ir. C. W. Miller's Ticket Office. Tifft House Block, Mr. J. II.
^fc Rudolf being the ticket agent there. The president of the
"^^ company is Jlr. Samuel Sloan, of New York; and the manag-
ing officials of this line are noted both among railroadmen
and the public everywhere for their uniform courtesy and
civility, and for their liberal manner and effort to antici-
pate the wants and wishes of travellers, as well as to
perfect their gigantic railway system. Mr. W. F. Ilall-
stead,otScranton,is the general manager of the line, and Mr.
W. F. Ilolwi:! ably fills the office of general passenger agent at
New York. Mr. Howard J. Ball, an experienced, valuable official,
who has won the respect of all Bnffslonians who know him,
is the general western pa-ssenger agent in this city. The main line
sweeps from Buffalo through some of the richest and most pro-
gressive sections of northwestern New York, dips into the heart of
Pennsylvania, taps the rich coal fielils in the Quaker State, where
the company are extensive owners of valuable coalbeds in the
neighborhood of Scranton, and stretches over hill and dale and
through the most beautiful scenery and flourishing cities and towns
of New Jei-sey to Hoboken. throwing out branches here and there
and connecting Philadelphia, Eastoii, Northumberland, Utica. Rich-
field Springs, Syracuse, Oswego, Ithaca, etc., with the main line,
while establishing at almost every point connections with the lines
of other railroad systems, networking the entire countrj', and en-
abUng the traveller, when once aboard a Delaware. I,ackawanna
and Western train, to reach any destination he desires, comfortably
and conveniently, whether it be to the east. west, or Canada. There
is no route so short yet so beautiful nor enchanting, to say notliing
of comfort and convenience, from Buffalo to New Yoik and Phila-
delphia as that of the D. L. & W. It has a double track, steel rails,
with a perfect roadbed, superior equipments, and an ample number
of trains both ways. The newest, latest, and handsomest designed
l>ullman vestihnled parlor and sleeping coaches are attached to all
through trains, and the new parlor care of this line, furnished as they
are with bay-window seats, enable passengers to view the beautiful
scenery unobstructed. At New Y'ork passengers are landed close
to the docks of the European steamers and elevated railways,
and at Philadelphia at Broad Street station, in the centre of the

ILLUSTRATED

ITTLE, McDonald & CO., Couti-aetuig and Cousultiug Elec-

iriL-al Engiiieei-s, Dealers in Electrical Supplies, No. 141 East

J Seneca Street.— Buff:il... is .me of the most active centres of

tlie«

1 i.al interests in the United
■ luguished enterprise and
~ Little, McDonald & Co..
They formed the present
including Mr. S. F. Eagan,

rie light ;ui.i ,-■!
States, and this is larf.-.-:
energy of the well know i
contracting and consultiiiLj • ■
copartnership in January. !*<'.•>>,
Mr. P. P. MiUer, Mr. F. P. Little, and Mr. Wm. H. McDonald, all
active business men and prominent and experienced in the profes-
sion, and holding responsible executive positions in town. Their
specialties are the building and installation of electric light systems,
both arc and incandescent, electric railway and power outfits, and
supplies of all kinds. They are the sole agents in western New-
York and Canada for the -'National Electric Manufacturing Com-
pany'.' cf Eau Claire, Wis., manufacturers of their well known
transformer system oT incandescent electric lighting, specially desir-

yaii infd Eleitric ManuTacliodi I I iiij nni ( mx ni,id
able for long distance service This is the safest most economical
and reliable sj stem of lighting ovei a wide aiea. The tiansformer
system is as SI to $2G cheaper than the direct current system, and
just as good. The fii-m are also the agents here for the Western
Electric Co., of New York and Chicago, whose arc system is pro-
nounced the most perfect, powerful, and economical in existence.
This system also provides for incandescent lights in conjunction
with arc lights. They also buy and sell both new and second hand
apparatus of all descriptions and makes. Messrs. Little, McDonald
& Co. have large contracts at haml, and are at present building an
electric railway at Newcastle, Pa., coupled with a large electric
lighting and power station. They have just closed a contract at
Clyde, N. T., for a central lighting plant. They have and are doing
a business of the first importance in Buffalo, and offer the most sub-
stantial inducements. We confidently recommend m unicipal boards,
factory and house owners to secure estimates from this responsible
1. ,..,,. l-..fnre placin^r orders, as it is giving unqualified satisfaction.

All the partners are natives ot New York State. Mr. Little is the
superintendent of the United States Electric Lighting Company,
and is most capable and atientive in the discharge of the onerous
duties devolving upon him, as is evidenced by the magnificent ser-
vice afforded by the company. Mr. Eagan is the owner of the well
known Broezel House, and president of the U. S. Electric Lighting
Co., while Mr. Miller is the secretary and treasurer of the Citizens'
Gas Company of Buffalo. The firm occupy extensive three story
premises, and have the capital, ability, skill, and experience in such
happj- combination in this line as is nowhere else equalled, and Buf-
falo is to be congratulated upon being made their permanent head-
quarters.

MJ BER.N'HARD, Manufacturer of Beer and Lunch Coolers
and all Kinds of Saloon Fixtures, Office and Factory No.
, riS Jefferson Street.— The beer trade of the city of Buf-
falo is one of the most important features of its com-
mercial activity, and has incidentally caused the development of
many other branches of industry.
Among those thus dependent on it for
their successful continuance, none is
ot greater moment than that which
has for its object the manufacture of
such articles as are necessary or use-
ful for the proper preservation of the
products of thebreweries. Among
the representative hou.ses engaged in
this city in this branch of trade, one
of the largest and most widely known
is that ot Mr. M. J. Bemhai-d, m.inu-
facturer of beer and lunch coolers
and all kinds of saloon fixtures. The
business was establtshed in 1881 by the
present proprietor, in the premises
still occupied at No. TIS Jefferson
Street, and from the start received an
excellent patronage, which, owing to
the uniforn ly high standard of the
gooils produced, has since steadily in-
creased. The building is a substantial
three story brick one, SSxllS feet in
dimensions, containing the factory
and a handsomely furnished and well
fitted up office. The factory is fully
equipped with all the latest improved
machinery and appliances for the
prosecution of this im.portant indus-
try. The motor power is supphed by
a C". horse power engine, while up-
111 .1 .i^liteen skiUed artisans and
. I iiiu-s are steadily employed at
>ns The house manufactures
].. '.f saloon fixtures, such as
1 1 h I . p . I . rry backbars and
,~li tables; the same
11 nalnut; footrails;
V ti I ' iiiTii. I 111' T, wine, and lunch
Wound Di/nci iiiti. coolers; bar screens; lunch and cigar

cases A specialty is made of the manufacture of the " King " beer,
wme, and lunch cooler (patent for which has been appUed for), and
which took the silver medal at the St. Louis Agricultural and Me-
chanical Exposition in ISCT. The advantage claimed for this cooler
over its rivals is that, the ice chamber being in the centre of the cooler
and provided with a glass lined and nickpl plated bra^s faucet and
ten feet of block tin pipe co;i."l ilin. :l. mil r the ice, warm beer
win at once get cool bypassiii:; ' i ' i' ■ i" . If, on the other
band, in cool weather the bo,- 1 i . , too cold, this pipe

can be disconnected and an oi .in i in ■ • u^.-d. The trade is
very extensive, covering the whole I nioii. a branch office for the
western states havmg been established in St. Louis, Mo. All orders
receive prompt attention, and all goods are crated to protect in
shipping, and are delivered on cars or boat at Buffalo without extra
charge. Prices quoted are uniformly moderate, while saloons, etc.,
in the city are furnished out on easy payments. Mr. Bemhard was
bom in Gcmianv, and has been a resident of Buffalo since IKn.

ILLUSTRATED

MAM KACTUREKS & TRADERS' BANK. Seni-ca iind Main
sirti'is.— Biiffttlo. as one of ilie sn-at iiniioiinl centres of
IlimnL-ialftctiviiy in ili.- Uiiitcii States. Iiiuiin no way ileinoii-
sti-ntedliei-siii)ii-ni;u'> ^■. ilhi "ii:;lii\ a- in the development

of her banks and fiscal . .r| .^ ,n t -litniions consiltnto

the solid foundation of ..in - > inni' i < i il n n . .. is, and liiivc been

inipoi^ant factors of fv. -I > n.. . mii i. r.-.. .■.iilred in our midst.

Prominent antnng the repivs.niaiiv.- I.anks of the city, Is the Munu-
fiietnrei's & Traders' Bank, whose Imnkinj; rooms are li>cated corner
Seneca anil Alain Streets. Tliis liank was orKHiiized Maivli 'M. IS.'iG.
with a capital of S'.W.OtX), which was in 1839 Increased to S.'.0O.O(X),
and in I8T0 to SIWO.OOO. As its name implies it was established
chiefly to promote the interests of tnerclnints and niamifacturers.
and with its large capital and excellent management, it has been of
great benellt in supporting and encouraging their interests. It is re-
garded as one of the best banks in tlie Stale of New York, ond is one
of the few banks of tlie country that never suspended specie pay-
ments. Its surplus and undivided profits now ainomit to S.|3-I.07T.'*1,
and its career has been a very successful one, highly creditable to
the executive ability and conservative judgment of its management.
The Manufacturers and Traileis' Bank solicits the accounis of
Iwnks, bankers, manufacturers, merchants, and others and offers
very superior facilities for the transaction of every branch of busi-
ness. The bank discounts flrst-class commercial paper, issues
Brown Bros. & Co.'s lettei-s of credit, makes telegraphic transfers of
money, while a specialty is made of collections on all points and
amounts promptly remitted at lowest rates. The Board of Directors
is thoroughly representative— composed of prominent capitalists
and business men, whose names are synonymous with integrity, and
whose interests are allied with the growth and prosperity of the city ;
and there is no flse-al institution in Buffalo, which enjoys greater
confidence or whose management is more prudent and sagacious.
Tlie following is the list of officers ond directors, viz.: Pascal P.
Pratt, piesident; FrancisH. Root, vice-president; James H. Madison,
cashier: Harry T. Ramsdell. assistant cashier: R. H. Danforth,
second assistant cashier. Directors, Pascal P. Pratt, Francis H.
Rost, James H. Madison. Bronson C. Rumsey, Gibson T. Williams,
William H. Cilenny. John D. Hill. Franklin D. Locke. Robert L.
Fryer. William Hamlin. John J. McWilliams. George S. Field. The
subjoined quarterly statement June U. 1890, gives the condition of
this leading institution at the present time. Resources— loans and
iliscounus, $I,36S, 133.04: reserve (cash on band. $W6.869.03: cash
with banks, $(«7,9«9.2.>i= ), $1,291,368.26; real estate. $6,870.19; bonds
and Mortgages. $82.5.15.71— total. $5,691,909.20. Liabilities— capital.
$900,000.00: undivided profits, 484.677.24; deposits, 4,357,a;JI.96- total.
S5.B9!, 909.20. The president, Mr. Pascal P. Pratt, was bom in the
village of Buffalo, September 15, 1819, and has been a life-long resi-
dent of this city. As a man of affairs in all business relations he
has ever combined caution, sagacity and entei-pri.se with an integrity
of purpose which no circumstances could alter or permit of a sacri-
fice of principle. Mr. Pratt is an able financier, and a vigorous ex-
ponentof the soundest principles governing bankingandflnance. In
1KS5. at the earnest solicitation of the stockholders, he accepted the
presidency of the Manufacturers" & Traders' Bank, and disposed of
his interest in the firm of Pratt & Co., in order that he might give to
the bank the full Iwneflt of bis experience and matured judgment.
Many other offices of honor and responsibility are held by Mr. Pratt.
He is a director of the W. N. Y. & P. R.R., a trustee of the BulTalo
(Jaslight Co., president of the Board of Trustees of the Buffalo
Female .\cademy, president of the Board of Trustees of the Young
Men's Christian Association, Treasurer of the Forest Lawn Cemeter}-
.Association, a trustee of the North Presbyterian Church, a trustee
of the Buffalo Orphan Asylum, and a supporter of all organizations
whose purpose is to promote the cause of literature, science and art
in this city. Jlr. Root, the viee-piesident. is of the firm of Messrs.
Root & Keating, wholesale leather dealers, and is also a director in
several other banks and fiscal institutions. He is a man of wealth
and position, and one of the ablest financiers in the county. Mes.srs.
James H. Madison, the cashier, and Harry T. Ramsdell, the assist-
ant cashier, are talented and honorable bank officers with every
qualification for their responsible positions. The bank's building is
one of the handsomest and most prominent in the city, and the
banking rooms are admirably equipped with every convenience for
the prompt dispatch of business. The principal correspondents of

the bank are the First National. National Bank of the Republic, and
Western Nati.inal Banks, New York, with correspondents also in the
principal cities of the United States, Canada, and Kun.pe.

A J. WRIGHT A CO., Commission Merchants, Stocks, Bonds,
and Grain, Nos, 8 and » Board of Trade Building.— BulTalo,
by rea,«on of her excellent railway and lake connections and
* terminal facilities, has liecoine the chief |>olnt in western
New Y'ork for the receipt and handling of grain, which trade now
occupies the attention of many of our leading commission mer-
chants. Prominent among the number in the Queen City of the
Lokes is the old established and representative firm of Messrs. A. J.
Wiight & Co . commission nierchanls in grain, stocks, anil bonds,
wliose offices are located ai N..s S and 9 Board of Trade Building. This

bnsiiiess»asestal.li I" I m ' v ' ■•" A. Preston and A. P. Wiight,

who were snccc.-.i. I - - i . \ P. Wright & Son. In 1890 Mr.
A. P. Wright leiii. I I . i iiiMi of A. .1. Wright & Co. was
organized, the c..|.ai i . i i. n .^- '.I.^-rs. Albert J. Wright and James
L. Oladnin, with Mi . CbarlHs K. C.xin as special partner. The firm's
connections are of a superior character, including leading consignors
of grain all over the western and northwestern states, while their
facilities are in every respect strictly first class, enabling them to
promptly handle the largest consignments, advancing to any extent
upon the same, and giving their patrons the benefits of the most
favorable quotations on 'change. Messrs. A. J. Wright & Co. also
buy and sell stricily on commission all stocks, bonds, and miscel-
laneous securities listed on the New York Stock Exchange, and hove
an office in New York City, at No. 57 Broadway. They are members
of the New Y'ork Stock Exchange, Chicago Board of Trade, and
Buffalo Merchants' Exchange, and their offices are connected by
wire with all exchanges, including those of Toronto, Montreal.
Ottawa. Lockport, Rochester, etc. The firm give untiring attention
to the wants of customers requiring information relative to profit-
able investments, and their advice and judgment on all matters are
of the greatest value to intending speculators. They promptly fill
orders, ond have an intimate knowledge of every feature of the
stock and money markets. Mr. James L. Gladwin has chai-ge of the
New York City office, while the Buffalo business is managed by Mr
A. J. Wright." Mr. A. J. Wright is a director of several corporations,
and was president of the Buffalo Merchants' Exchange, and Boani
of Trade. Mr. Coon is ex-secretary of the U. S. Treasury and also a
member of the firm of Bateman & Co., of New York. The flrin em
piny twenty persons, and this is the largest commission house in
Buffalo, sir Wright is highly esteemed in financial circles for his
exectitive ability and integrity, and those giving their orders to his
firm will find their interests guarded and protected in every judicious
and available tnanner.

KRANICHFELD & BRENNER, Sanitary Plumbers, Gas and
Steam Fitter-s. No. .MO Genesee Street.— It is impossible in
connection with the complexities of city life to overestimate
the value of first class plumbers in keeping that deadly
enemy, sewer gas, away from houses. A prominent and progre.s
sive firm in Buffalo, actively engaged in this useful industry, is that
of Messrs. Kranichfeld & Brenner, sanitary plumbers, gas. and steam
fitters, whose store is located at 540 Genesee Street. This business
was established In 1886 by Messrs. Albert C. Kranichfeld and Chris
tian Brenner, both of whom are thoroughly practical and expert
plumbers, fully conversant with every detail of this important biisi
ness, and the requirements of the most exacting customers. They
occupy a spacious one story building. 25x75 feet in area. Here they
keep a well selected and choice stock of lead, wrought and cast iron
pipes, rubber hose, both tubs, boilers, water closets, sinks, pumps,
etc. The firm make o specialty of house drainage, ond promptly
attend to orders by mail. They undertake everything in the way of
plumbing, ventilating, steam and gas fitting contracts are entered
into, and the complete fitting up of biuldings is satisfactorily exe-
ctited. The firm employ only flrst-class workmen and use the best
materials, while they fully guarantee all work. Both partners are
natives of Buffalo and are noie<l by the community for their promjjt
ness and integrity, and those giving their orders to them will secure
the greatest satisfaction in the thoroughly good manner In which all
work will be accomplished.

ILLUSTRATED

URBAN & CO., Proprietors of ili.-
Urban EoUing Mill, Etc., Nos. 3«1
and 383 Ellicolt and Kos. 324 and
32G Cak Streets.— In the produc-
tiiin of the iirst grades of flour, a relia-
IjK' and old established house in Buffalo,
is that of Messrs. Urban & Co., proprie-
t.'is of the Urban Rolling Mill, Nos. 381
:ui,l 383 Ellicolt andNos. 324 and 326 Oak
Si 1 vets. This business was established
in 18JG by George Urban, who was suc-
■ ;;;\ed in 1801 by George Urban & Co.
Ill 18S.J the present firm was organized,
lilt' copartners being Messrs, George
Urban, Jr., E. G. S. MiUer, and W. C.
Uiban. The partners are thoroughly
piacticai and expert millers, fully con-
versant Willi every detail and feature of
this irniiortaut industry, and tlie re-
quirements c..f dealersand retailers. The
premises occupied include a spacious
five-story mill, 40,YlOO feet, with a four-
si my warehouse, 40x90 feet in dimen-
sions. The various departments are
iiill>- equipped with the latest improved
K.iller Process machinery and ap-
l.liances known to the trade. Here 40
si.illed hands are employed, and the
iiiailiinery is driven by a superior 250-
li'irse-power steam-engine. In the mill
are 17 double sets of rolls, and its ca-

I I icily is 600 barrels of flour daily. The
piiiicipal brands produced are "Urban's

III St," '■Pearl,'"and "Pie Crust," aflour
made especially for pie pastry. These
tuaiids are unrivalled for quality, pur-
!i\-. and uniform excellence, and are
t-'e 11 i-ral favorites with the trade and pub-
li wherever introduced. Orders are
piMinptlj- filled at the lowest ruling mar-
kri [irices, and the ti-ade of the house
e\ ('-lids throughout all sections of New
^ 'iK-. Pennsylvania, and New England,
Hliile large quantities of the firm's
sjileiuUd flour is exported to Europe.
^lessrs. Urban & Co. also deal largely
ai wholesale in feed, grain, etc., and
tiiTer substantial inducements to the
iia.Ie, and deaUngs once commenced
Willi Messi-s. Urban & Co. will surely
I. --lilt pleasantly and profitably to all
ci iiicerned. The partners are natives of
liiilTalo. where they are highly regarded
ill trade circles for their enterprise.
business ability and integrity, and are
lulled throughout Buffalo for their
public spiriteduess and the interest they
talie in all matters pertaining to the ad-
xaitceinent of the Queen City of the
Lakes. Mr. George Urban, Jr., is vice-
1. resident of the Buffalo Loan, Trust,
aiiil Safe Deposit Company, a director of
111.- Merchants' B.auk, president of the
Till .iiison & Houston Electric Light Com-
pany, and a trustee and member of the
-II.-r.lianfsExchange. Mr. E. G. S. Miller
is manager of Lang's Brewery, and a
diii-iiorof the Buffalo Loan and Trust
riMijiany. Among the illustrations in
this work is that of Buffalo's last log
caiuii. which stands on grounds belong-
ing: I" ^li". George Urban. .Tr.

ILLUSTRATED

I^>SvFFAL0ji?1

^^>.

CLKMF.NT & CO.NOVKR. Keol KmuW ai
NesoIlaUst, Tax and Title Si-arclie8. Etc., Hut<'hlii8on Build-
Intr, Ka)![f Street AltliouKh a eoniparallvely younK flrm.
Clement and Conover, the ent«rprislnt; real estate ond insur-
ance lirokers, wbose well ordered office Is located at Room No. 1,
Hutchinson BulldlnR, Eagle Stivet (opposite City Hall), have already
entablislied a business connection vouchsafed to but feu- of the older
representatives of the realm of realty and risks In Buffalo. They
have been enROKed in the sphere of activity above indicated since
April 1st, of the present year, and from the start have been rapidly
winning their way to pubUc confidence and favor, numbering now in
their clientele some of the solid citizens in the community. The
secret of these gentlemen's popularity and prosiierity is not far to
seek, however Conducting all their transactions on con.servative
and equitable principles, thoroughly conversant with every detail and
feature pertaining to the purchase, sale and transfer of property and
kindred operations, and being, withal, both men of energy and
sagacity, it is only in the very nature of things that Messrs Clement
and Conover should have attained the full measure of success that
has attendt-d their well directed efforts. They conduct a general
real estate and insurance agency, and are prepared to buy, sell, ex
change and lease, on commission, all clas.ses of city and suburban
property, giving personal attention in like manner to renting and
collecting. Estates are taken in charge also and judiciously man-
aged, and taxes are paid for non residents while tax and title
searches are made a specialty. Loans are negotiated on bond and
mortgage, likewise; investments are desirably place<l. insui'ance is
effected in responsible tire companies, and deeds, mortgages, attests,
and all other documents that may legally emanate from a qualified
commissioner of deeds and notary public are carefull.v and accu-
rately drawn up, particular attention being given to conveyancing.
Messrs. L. B. Clement and R. J. Conover, the individual members of
the firm, are gentlemen in the prime of life and natives of this city,
well and favorably known; ami persons having business relations
with them are assured of finding the same of an entirely satisfactory
character.

THE PEOPLE'S BAN'K. No. iaT Washington Street.— The latest
and one of the most inii)ortaut additions to the banking
facilities of this oily is The People's Bank, centrally located
at No. 457 Wa; Iiinglon Street. This bank was organized May
a). I SS9. under the laws of the state with a paid-up capital of $.300,000.
and its surplus and profits now amount to $20.R31.96. The banking
offices are spacious and handsomely etiuipped. and oreon the ground
floor of the Coal and Iron Exchange Building, owneil by Mr. D.
O'Day. the president of the bank. Here there is a superior directors'
room, and beyond it an apartment has been fitted up as a lunoh
room f.ir the employees of the bank, thus enabling them to be con-
tinuously present from the opening to the closing of the business.
The People's Bank has met with a phenomenal degree of s
and has rapidly bounded into public confidence, and its stock is i
held by leading capiialLsts as one of the choicest and i
ative investments. It is ably officered. The li<t is as follows, viz.:
Daniel O'Day, president; A. D. Bissell, vice president; C. W. Ham-
mond, cashier. The People's Bank soUcits the accounts of banks.
bankei*s. merchants, corporations, manufacturers, and others, dis-
counts first-class commercial paper, issues travellers' and commer-
cial letters of credit, deals in foreign exchange and government
bonds, makes telegraphic transfers of money, and transacts a general
banking business. It makes a specialty of collections by means of
its correspondents in all sections of the United States, Canada, and
Europe. Its investments are made with care and judgment, and its
ventures of capital are always well secured. Jlr. O'Day. the presi-
dent, was born in Ellicottville, Cattaraugus Co.. February, 1S43.
.\fter spending some time in the employment of the New York Cen-
tral Railroad, he entered the service of the Standard Oil Company,
and the prominence of that great corporation is due in no small
degree to his energy and abilitj'. Mr. O'Day was selected to con-
struct the entire system of the United Pi|)e Lines Company. This
immense work being successfully completed, he was made the vice
president of the United Pipe Lines. Mr. O'Day is likewise general
manager of the National Transit Company, a member of the Ameri-
can Oil Company, and a large stockholder in many other successful
oil enterprises. In Buffalo Mr. O'Day is brought into close rela

tions with the public as presitli-ni of ilie .Natural (ias Fuel Com-
pany, and also <pf the Brush Electric Light (.Company. He is llkewwe
ideiitlHml with several other local corporations, all of which receives
the benefit of his counsel. He Is very popular, socially, pcinonally
and politically, and Is highly esteemed by the comnmnily for
his indexible integrity. Mr. A. D. Bissell, the vice president, ami
Mr. C. W. Hammond, the cashier, are able and careful bank officers,
with ever}- qualification for their responsible positions. Mr. Ham-
mond hos been engaged in bonking from his youth, and Is a vigorous
exponent of the souutlest principles governing banking and finance.
In fact the People's Bunk was founded by Mr. Hammond, who is
devoted to its welfare, while he faithfully attends to the interests of
stockholders and depositors.

JM. ANDREWS, Horse Furnishings, No. IW Main and No. 79
Lloyd Streets.— Tlie oldest and the best known establish
, ment devoted to the manufacture and sale of harness, sad-
dler.v, and horse goods in Buffalo, is that of J. M. Andrews
(successor to Andrews <)t Kolb). No. 128 Main and No. 79 XJoyd
Streets. This time-honored concern has been in existence for the
past fifty-four years, and fully sustains to-<lay its old time reputa-
tion for excellent work, fine goods, and reliability. The business
was established in 1S3« by George and Jacob Kolb. who were suc-
ceeded by George M. Kolb & Son who were in turn succeeded by
Andrews & Kolb. and subsequently passed into sole control of A. C.
.\.ndrews, by whom it was conducte<l up to alwut one year ago,
when owing to this gentleman's death his widow. Mrs. J. M. Andrews,
assumed control, and with George Kolb as manager has since con-
tinued it with uninterrupted success. The premises occupied com-
prise a well appointed •-J.'txRO store and two commodious floors used
for manufacturing purposes, and half a dozen expert hands are em
ployed. A very large and elegant assortment is constantly kept in
stock, including besides carriage, cart and wagon harness of every
description, saddles, bridles, collars, etc.; also a full and fine line of
blankets, robes, nets, whips, combs, brushes, sponges, stable special-
ties, trunks and valises; and harness is made to order likewise in
the finest style at short notice, while repairing also is promptly and
neatly done. Every article sold here is warranted as represented,
and all work executed is guaranteed to be first-class, while the prices
prevailing are of the most reasonable character. Mr. Kolb, the
efficient manager, is a man of practical skill and many years' ex-
perience, thoroughly conversant with the business, and was for-
merly a member of the firm of Andrews & Kolb for some time.

THE HOTEL CARLTON, Crowley & Smyth, Proprietors, Corner
Exchange and Washington Streets,— Among the hotels of
Buffalo there are none more w orthy of special mention in the
present review than the deservedly popular Hotel Carlton,
which occupies a niche in public favor entirely its own. This is in
all respec-s an excellently appointed, first-class house, and has a
very large patronage, both permanenti and tra;isient, being a favor-
ite resort for commercial travelers, professional men, and the gen-
eral traveling public. The hotel building Is a substantial and hand-
some flve-storj- brick structure, containing fifty commodious, airy,
and comfortable sleeping apartments, and is elegantly furnished
throughout. It is p.-rfectly heated by steam, is lighted by gas anil
electric city light, and thoroughly ventilated, and is, in short,
equipped with all modem conveniences and improvements, includ-
ing electric bells, electric fire alarms. Are escapes, and everj-thing
calculated to impart comfort and safety to guests. The cuisine is
par excellence, the very best the market affords: the appointments
are first-class in ever>' particular, the .service of a superior character
and the attendance all that could be desired, from twenty to twenty-
five in help being employed, while the bar is stocked with the choic
est brands of wines, liquors, cigars, etc. The office, bar and dining
room (which seats seventy-five) are conveniently situated on the first
floor; everything is new, neat, fresh, and inviting, and. altogether,
bne does not often find such comforts at the same figures as are pro-
vided for their guests by mine hosts of the Carlton. Messrs. Timothy
H. Crowley and Frank M. Smyth, the proprietors, are gentlemen in
the prime of life and natives of this city, and unless all signs fail the
popularity and prosperity that have attended this well and favorably
known hostelry under their efficient management are bound to en-
dure and increase.

ILLUSTRATED

MARINE BANK OF BUFFALO, No. 230 Main Street.— Promi-
nent among the leading banlis of the city is the Marine
Bank, whose baulfiug rooms are located at No. *» Main
Street. This bank was organized July S, 1S.50. It has a
paid-up capital of $200,000, wliich has been further augmented by a
»u?-plus and undivided profits of $450,000, and possesses every
facility to meet the legitiruale necessities of the business community.
The bank receives upon favorable terms the accounts of banks,
bankers, corporations, manufacturei-s, merchants, and others. It
issues sight drafts upon all tlie principal cities and points in the
United States, grants letters of credit available throughout the
world, makes telegraphic transfers of money, negotiates and collects
bills of exchange, discounts first-class commercial paper, etc. The
Ijank makes a specialty of collections and prompt i*emittances of
amounts received at a mininmm of cost. The management is pro-
gressive and neglects no point of efficiency demanded by modem
eonimercial practice, and at the same time carefully guaids the in-
terests of its depositors, scrupulously protecting them against any

>me of the
iness cora-
.■rit; J. M.
Henry J.

possibility of risk. The officers and dirHrtms i
most prudent, honorable, and successful m^-n i
munity. They are as follows, viz.: S. M i I'lnr
Richmond, vice-president; S. iM. Clem^-ni. Jr .
Wilkes, assistant cashier. Directors, .S. ,M. Clement, .1. M. Rich-
mond. Gibson T. Williams, Slierman S. Jewett, Bronson C. Rumsey,
John W. Bush. E. H. Hutchinson, S. M. Clement. While from the
start the business of the Marine Bank has been both creditable and
highly successful, the most profitable period of its history has been
the twenty-one years during which Mr. Clement, the pi-esident, has
been in office. Throughout this period the average annual profits
have exceeded 23 per cent, on the capital stock. Mr. Clements is
likewise president of the Merchants' National Bank, Dunkirk, a
director in the Bank of North America, New York, and also a di-
rector in the First National Bank. Faribault, Minnesota. Mr. Jewett
M. Richmond, the vice-president, is widely known for his talents and
executive ability, and is president of the Buffalo Mutual Gaslight
Company, and a director of the Buffalo and Southwestern Railroad
Company. He is also a member of the Young Men's Association, a
trustee of the Buffalo Club and of the Buffalo Savings Bank and the
Cemetery Association. Mr. Richmond is likewise a member of the
Buffalo Historical Society, and a patron of several worthy charities,
and a willing friend to the needy. Few men have done more for
Buffalo than Jewett M. Richmond. With two of its very finest
buildings, the " Library," and the new " Fireproof Hotel," his name
should ever be associated, for he supplied what may be called the
motive power for their erection. Mr. S. M. Clement, Jr., the cashier,
is an honorai)le, cultured gentleman, eminently qualified for the im-
portant trust reposed in him.

FH. & C. W. GOODYEAR. Pennsylvania White Hemlock Limi
ber; Office, Coal and Iron Exchange.— Buffalo has several
^ concerns that maintain their supremacy in their respective
lines as regards the entire United States. Such an one is the
eminent house of Messrs. F. H. & C. W. Goodyear, the largest man-
ufacturers and shippers of white hemlock lumber in the world. The
business was established in 1872 by Mr. F. H. Goodyear, and has
steadily progressed, both as to the extension of the firm's posses-
sions of timber supply, mill capacity and aimual sales. Their mills
are located at Austin, Pa . on the direct line of the Sinnemahonig
Valley Railroad, and of which they are also ihe proprietors. These
mills are magnificently equipped with circular band gang saws,
edgers and all improved machinery run by heavy steam power, and
afford employment to several hundred hands, in all capacities, in-
cluding peeling bark, logging, shipping, cutting, piling, etc. These
mills have the enormous capacity of 400.000 feet a day, and the firm
are now handUng upwards, of 12.'),000.000 feet of choicest white hem-
lock annually— figures tar in excess of those of any other concern in
existence. They ship direct fioin the mills to all points in New Eng-
land, the Middle States, and Ohio They always have many million
feet of dry lumber piled, thoroughly air seasoned, and Iheir extra
grades of white hemlock are much preferred by dealers and con-
sumers everywhere. They have developed a great i-ailroad system in
reaching the finest hemlock forests in the state of Pennsylvania, and
operate over sixty miles of logging and freight railroads, connecting
with the main line of the Sinnemahonig Valley Railroad. This

road was built by Mr. F. H. Goodyear in 1886, and has its general
offices in this city. Mi-. F. H. Goodyear is the president: Mr. C. W.
Goodyear, vice president and General Jfanager; Mr. E O. Cheney,
treasurer and auditor: and '^'r. H r T^ri-iHrliill. the genei-al passenger

andfreigiit agent. The mnn is tlmti-Hn miles in length, and

runs between iCeating and (..-[.11... n, l'..tt.-r Co. Built originally
to faciUtate th,-! firm's liiini. i in- ..perMiinns, it is now a regularly
operated mail, ra<^. II ::• i. " ' ti i-lii route, n ith express i rains each
way. Messrs. I i i... '■.■ntracts for white hemlock lum-
ber cut to any .In. hive the well earned reputation of
shipping the larg... I ....i. i-. -m, iiy per agreement as to quality and
dimensions. They are natives . .f this state and permanent residents
of this city, progressive, responsible, and public-spirited, and have
secured to Buffalo the headquarters of a trade as vast as it is valuable.

JT. McLaughlin, Real Estate. Nos. 42 and 44 Niagara Street.
—Among the leading and most extensive operators in real
, estate in the " Queen City of the Lakes " is Mr. J. T. Mc-
Laughlin, whose handsomely a|>pointed offices are in rooms
33. 34, 35 and 36 "Agency Building," Nos. 48 and 44 Niagara Street.
This gentleman has been identified w^ith real estate interests for many
years, and is recognized as among the best informed members of
the real estate fraternity. He has been concerned in some of the
largest real estate depls ever carried Ihiough in the city of Buffalo
and its vicinity. He buys and sells all kinds of realty on <'ommis-
sion, and is liimself a considerable property owner. His patrons in-
clude the leading capitalists and operators in land investments in
the city and its surroundings, and he is thoroughly posted on the
the laws governing real estate transactions, while he has a thorough
and complete knowledge of the present and prospective values of
residential and business properties in all parts of the city and its
environs. He has at all times extensive real estate interests in hand,
and is the president of five land companies, and officially identified
with more than double that number. He is the president of tlie
recently formed Union Land Exchange, which takes charge of the
management of the affairs and interests of separate and distinct
land companies. He is also piesideut of ilie Bishop Land Co.. the
Mutual Land Security Co., the Tonawanda Heights Land Co., and
the Marshall Land Company. Mr. McLaughlin is a native of New
Y'ork city, but an old resident in Buffalo, where he is recognized as
a most useful and valued citizen. Ei-e he became a dealer in realty.
Mr. McLaughlin was in the publishing business, and was one of the
founders of the Buffalo Press Club, of which he is still a prominent
member. He is a gentleman of most genial disposition, and his
courtesy, promptitude and straightforward, honorable business
methods have won him confidence and friendship on every hand.

WILLIAM B CUTTER, Real Estate, Investment Securities,
Etc , No. 19 White Building.— The growth and develop-
ment of the real estate and kindred interests in and
around Buffalo within the past decade have been es-
pecially notable; and among the many stanch and sagacious citizens
who have been prominently identified with this desirable progress
there is none more worthy of complimentary note in the present re
view than William B. Cutter, whose bfflce is located at Room No. 19
White Building, and than whom none sustains a higher reputation
for integrity and reliability, as few, if any, enjoy a larger measure
of pubUc confidence and favor. He has been established here about
four years, and has built up a substantial business connection, num-
bering in his extensive cUrntele some of the largest property own-
ers and wealthiest capitalists in the community. Mr. Cutter, who is
a gentleman in the prime of life, and a native of this city, is a man
of entire probity of character, as well as of energy, sagacity and
ample experience in the handling of property, etc., and persons hav-
ing business relations with him are assured of finding the same both
pleasant and profitable. Mr. Cutter, who occupies commodious
quarters on the second floor of the White Building, with telephone
connection (No. 1609), is assisted by an efficient clerical staff, and
exercises close personal supervision over every detail of the business.
He is a general real estate broker, buying, selling and exchanging
an kinds of city and suburban property, on commission, and gives
personal attention to the collection of rents and the management of
estates for non-residents, the sale of sub-division lots on easy time
payments, being a specialty.

ILLUSTRATED

THE QUEEN
CITY OF THE LAKES,

FARMERS & MECHANICS- BANK, No. 1!I8 Main Streel.-Thc
city of Buffalo, as a (treat niiiinnal CHiid-e of lluancial activity,
has ill no brancli aitaineil sueli a tlenrtM- of development as in
the prosi>erity and iisefnliies.s of her Imnlcs and fiscal corpo-
rations. Their nianugenieut is in the hands of men, whose ability
and just inelhixls have won the oonlldeiiue of the commercial
world. Ill this connection special reference is made in this com-
iiiercial ivview to the old established and successful Fanners' and
Mechanics' Bunk, whose banking rooms are located at No. li)8 Main
Stivet, ill the Exchange Buildiiit;. This bonk was originally orgaii-
lze<l as a Stale Bank in 1838 at Batavia, New York. In 1850 the
Hon. E. G. Spaiilding, the pie.-ieiit piesiilent, bouEht a controlling
interest in it, and seciire<l o special act from the Siato Legislature in
IS5J for its removal lo Buffalo. It ««s incorporated in 18W under
the National Bank Act, and eventually April 4, I8S9, was reorganized
under the State Law. as the Farmers' and Mechanics' Bank of
BnlTalo, N. Y. This bank has, therefore, been established and con-
tinually in business in Buffalo under the same niaiingement tor
thirty-eight years. The paid-up capital of the bank is $200,000,
which has been further augmented by a surplus and undivided
profits of S15t, ir-'.M. The hank receives upon favorable terms the
accounts of mamifaciiiring Hriiis. corporations, bankers, merchants
and others. It likewise makes collections on all accessible points,
negotiates and collects bills of exchange discounts, approved com-
mercial pa|)er. and attends carefully and promptly to all kinds of
legitimate banking. Its career has been a very prosperous one
closely allie<l with the growth and development of Buffalo's business
interests The following gentlemen, who arc wi<lely and favorably
known in financial circles for their integrity, executive ability and
prudence are the offlcere and directoi-s. viz.: E. G. Spaulding, presi-
dent; F. Sidway, vice-president; E. R. Spaulding, cashier; Henry
(ianson, assistant cashier. Directors, E. G. Spaulding, E. R. Spould-
iiig. S. S. Spaulding. Franklin Sidway, Henry M. Watson. The bank
occupies handsome and spacious banking rooms, and all corres-
pondence receives the pei-sonal attention of the officers. We do not
think that a sketch of this bank would be complete without giving
some particulars regarding the president, the Hon. E. G. Spaulding,
whose reputation as a financier is not only local but national. Mr.
Spaulding was 81 years old in Febi-uarj-, 180O, and is as \ igorous as
any man can be at his age, his memory l>eing perfect and liis intel-
l.-ct as clear and decisive as ever. He was the auihor of the Legal
Tender Act and the National Banking Act, the original bills in his
own handwriting being still in his p<is-;essioii. In the promotion of
everj- movement tending to advance the inilustrial prosperity of this
community, Mr. Spaulding has taken a vital interest and has l«en
the means of inaugurating many valuable enterprises, and securing
wise leuislative reforms on matters pertoining to the commerce and
trade of this city. Mr. E. R. Spaulding has been in the bank many
years, ami was opiwinted cashier April 3, 1889. Under the man-
agement and direction of such officers, the signal success that
attended the career of the Farmers' and Mechanics' Bank becomes
readily accoiinte<l for, and its future prospects are of the most favor-
able and encouraging character.

METROPOLITAN LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, WilUam I
Staniland. Superintendent, No. 41 Coal and Iron Exchange
—Of late years, a gigantic stride has been mode in the right
direction by the fonnation of industrial insuranc-e com-
panies, who seek their patronage among the industrial and working
cla-sties, placing risks at almost nominal figures on any member
of the family, young or old. whose death would cause r<'Cuniory
loss to the survivors. At the head of this closs of companies
prominently stands the widely known Metropolitan Life Insurance
Company represented in the Buffalo District, by Mr. William
O. Staniland, and whose offices are lo-ated in Room No. 41,
Coal and Iron Exchange. The many advantages offered by this
company have obtained for it a patronage as widespread as the con-
tinent It has branch offices in every town and city of the United
States and Canada, while its agencies have ramiflcations that extend
into every village and hamht The Buffalo office was opened in It'SO.
and was installed in its present handsome and commcdious quarters
some four years ago. They are centrally and conveniently located,
easy of access, and elegantly furnished. Mr Staniland has been in
the service of the Metropolitan for many years, and has rendered it

popular in whatever part of Ih.- country he has lieeu its repris.nta
tive. In 1880 he openeil an office f.r them in Pittsburgh, of whirl] In-
remained in charge as superintunilent for three years, eHlul.ll^llin^•
the business there on a (Inn and substantial basis. From Pitl^ijun;!!
he proceeded to New York City where he performed the same elT.c
tive service. After two and a half years' manogement in New York,
he came to Buffalo In 1«W. The mhuner in which business of this
company is transacted can best be explained by a description of the
way hi which it is conducted In this district, the manner of doing so
bchig similar in all others. The Buffalo diatrict, of which Mr. Stuni
land is the superinteudeut, covers all the territory adjacent and
tributary to Buffalo, Tonawanda, Niagara Folk, and Lockport.
Seven assistant superintendents have charge bf the subordinate
work, and under these are fifty-six agents, who both canvass and
collect-thc latter being in every case done by calling on the policy
holder at his own domicile. The success which this company has
n-.et w ith under the able management of Mr. Staniland can be meas-
ured by the foct that one year's collections in the Buffalo district
alone aggregated 5800,000. Mr. Staniland is an Englishman by birth,
but for many years an American citizen. He is courteous and
plea-saut of manner, and his many qualities have made him ex-
tivinely popular in Buffalo business circles.

MUELLER HOUSE, Roht. Moeller, Proprietor, Nos. 95 and 97
Main Street.— No hotel in this city is more widely known
and better thought of by old travelers than that which now
bears the name ofthe 5Ioeller House. Situated in what was
then the very heart of the business centre of Buffalo, at the verj-
terminus of canal navigation from the east and lake navigation from
Cleveland, Chicago, and the west, forty years ago it was known as
the Bennett Temperance House, and was consiilered one of the
crack hotels of the place, being ranked second to not even the Man-
sion, then looked upon as the perfect hotel west of Albany. Since
that time the gron-ing trade and commerce of the city have over-
leaped the old boundaries, and following the inevitable mutations of
business centres in all growing towns, the business heart of Buffalo
has gradually moved further and further northward, trade has ex-
tended for miles in every direction, and what was in 1810 the business
district between the canal and the lake is now only one of the numer-
ous subdivisions that the progressive advance of trade has created
to meet the requirements of the rapidly developing commerce
of the Queen City. About ten years ago the name of this hos-
telry was changed to that of the Bethel House, and in 1882.
when its present proprietor took possession, he called it by the
name which it now bears. During the many changes that have
taken place in Buffalo during the past forty years, and the great
development of the hotel business within that period, the Moel-
ler House has ever retained its popularity with the travelling public,
and no greater tribute to the efficiency of its management can be
discovered than that it is still the headquarters of its old-time class
of patrons, commercial travellers, lake ca|ilains. theatrical people,
■tc. It is in all respects a well-appointed house, centrally located
It Nos. 95 and 97 JIaiii Street, corner of Scott, within two blocks of
ihe depots where all passengers by train must enter the city, and
within five minutes' walk of all steamboat landings The hotel is a
llve-stoi-y brick structure, having a frontage of 42 feet on Main by
100 feet on Scott Street, mid contains 50 light, clean and airy rooms.
It is well fiiriiislied ihioughoiit, has all modern conveniences for the
comfori of giiHsis; its sanitarv arrangements are perfect; is heated
by steam, and fitied up with electric lights and bells. It is provided
with a iierfect system of fiie alarms and, in the words of Chief
EiiL'ineer Honiung. of ilie Buffalo fire department, is the " best pro-
viil.'d house with fire escapes in this city." A good, liberal, and
plentifully provided table is kept, and the bar is stocked with the
• hnicest bninds of liquors and cigars. The rates are moderate, from
S^.^O to S- per liny, and guests nre conveyed to and from the hotel
free of ch.irge. Mr. Robert Moeller is a native of Germany, and first
locaied in America in l.'*fi9. nt Cleveland. Ohio, whence he remove<l
to this city. He is an able, experienced, and courteous hotel man,
and is iiiiiversiilly popular with all those having dealings with him.
He is ably assisle<l by his son. who occupies the jMsition of clerk,
and nothing is left undone by either to insure the comfort of theii-
patrons.

ILLUSTRATED

J MARTIN, Park Stables, Prospect Avenue ami Connecticut
Street.— There Is no one feature that contributes so much
, towanls a city's reputation for progress and enterprise as
the facilities afforded by a well conducted livery stable, such
as the well patronized and reliable establishment known as the Park
Livery and Boarding Stables, of which Mr. John Martin (successor
to Me.s.srs. Jas. Gibson and Son) isthepopularproprietor, and which
is located on the corner of Prospect Avenue and Connecticut Street,
the telephone call being No 310.i. Mr. Martin, who resides at No.
420 Prospect Avenue, is a native of Ireland, but has been a resident
of the United Stales many years He began his career of usefulness
in Michigan on a salary of $3 per month. He came to this city in
I85I, and soon became one of its most public spirited and trusteed
citizens. He has been elected twice to the position of Street Com-
missioner, an oflfice whicli he filled to the entire satisfaction of his
friends and witli credit to hiniselt. This noted stable was conducted
by Messrs. James Gibson and Son, imtil 1888. when it was purchased
by Mr. Martin, under whose enterprising management the business
lias grown to its present proportions. The stables are spacious and
conunodious and are equipped with every modern requisite, well
ventilated, properly lighted, thoroughly drained, and free from all
obnoxious odors. There is ample accommodation for forty-eight
horses, besides a large carriage repository, with separate lockers
for harness, robes, and equipments. Horses left in charge of this
establishment receive the best of attendance from experienced
grooms, while the provender is of the very best, and bounteously
served. A large number of fine stylish coaches, carringes. lan-
daus, coup6s, top and open buggies, etc., also fine stylisli riding
and dnving horses, can be hired upon most reasonable tenns for
business or pleasure at all hours of the day or night. All orders
receive prompt attention. A specialty is made of carriage service
for balls, weddings, parties, receptions, funerals, opera, theatre,
shopping and pleasure excursions, and none but experienced and
intelligent drivers are employed. Mr. Martin is a courteous and
energetic man. prompt and reliable, and although a citizen of this
country for so many years, he still cherishes a warm feeling for his
native Isle and is an active and influential member of the Irish Land
League.

NIAGARA TANNERY," G. F. Zeller & Sons, Maufacturers of
Superior Union-Tanned Harness Leather: Tannery and
Office, Howard and Smith Streets.— Many establishments
find employment in the handling and manufacture of leather
from the time the skin leaves the back of the animal in the shape of
raw hide, to the peiiod when it is manufactured into shoe or harness
and sole leather. In this connection, we desire to make special ref-
erence in this commercial review of Buffalo to the old established
and representative firm of Messrs. G. F. Zeller & Sons, manufac-
turers of Superior Union Tanned Harness Leather, whose Niagara
Tannery is located on Howard and Smith Streets. This business was
established in 1864 by Laub & Zeller, who conducted it till 1883, when
the firm's plant aud grounds were purchased by the West Shore
Railway and leased by the firm from that corporation and continued
their business there until 1888. The firm then was dissolved, and the
present concern was organized, the copartners being G. F. Zeller and
his sons Messrs. H. C„ J. F., and E G. Zeller. The premises occupied
have a frontage of 216 feet on Howard Street and 150 feet on Smith
Street The main building, for finishing their product of harness
leather, is three stories high and 55x148 feet in dimensions, with adjoin-
ing yards. The various departments are fully equipped with the latest
improved machinery and appliances. Here seventy skilled workmen
are employed, and the niacbineiy is driven by a superior 80 horse-
power steam engine. The output of the tannery is 40,000 sides annu-
ally. Messrs. G. F. Zeller & Sons make a specialty of Union Tanned
Harness Leather, which has no superior in the market for quality
and uniform excellence. The firm carefully fills orders at the lowest
ruling market prices, and the trade extends throughout the entire
United States. Mr. G. F. Zeller was born in Germany, but came to
America when a boy. His sons are natives of Buffalo. They are
honorable and able business men, liberal in all transactions, and
are very popular in trade circles. Mr. G. F. Zeller was for ten j'ears
foreman for J. F. Schoellkopf. He was appointed a fire commis-
sioner in 1884, and reappointed in 1890 for six years He was alder-
man of the Fourth Ward in 1874 and 1875, and is vice-president of
the newly organized Citizens' Bank

WEED & Cii.. General Hardware, Nos. 284 and 286 Maii>
Street, Coiner Swan.— The oldest wholesale hardware
house and leading concern in Buffalo and western New
York is unquestionably that of Messrs. Weed & Co., which
has had an honorable and successful career dating away back to
1818, when the business was started by the late Messrs. G. and T.
Weed, thus representing three generations engaged in the same
trade and on the same site. The house has had various changes,
and the firm is now composed of Mr. Hobart Weed and Mr. James
R. Smith, both partners bringing to bear special qualifications for
carrying on the business upon the most modern progressive basis,
and with every facility at command, including widespread influen-
tial connections and a stock that is recognized as the finest and
most comprehensive in town. This is the old stand, a regular land-
mark in Buffalo's mercantile circles. The store on Main Street is
75x100 feet in dimensions, and connects with a four-story warehouse
in the rear, 40x100 feet in dimensions. Here is carried a most com-
prehensive stock of shelf and heavy hardware, agricultural and
garden implements, etc.. a prominent specialty being made of ta-
ble and pocket cutleiy, scissors, etc. In these lines the firm carry
the best brands of imported goods from Sheffield as well as the
leading American makes, and offer the most substantial induce-
ments both as to price and quality. The Arm do the best class of
city trade, and also have very desirable and important wholesale
connections all over western New York and northern Pennsylvania.
This is the representative house in this branch of staple trade in
Buffalo, and possesses all the vigor of modern, capable management,
coupled with ample resources. Mr. Hobart Weed is a Buffalonian
by birth, and has here in his native city achieved a marked success
in mercantile life. He gives personal attention to the guidance of
this business, and brings to bear sound judgment and marked execu-
tive capacity, and worthily sustains the enviable reputation of the
Weed family name in commercial life. Mr. James R. Smith is prom-
inent and respected in leading financial and mercantile circles, and
is a member of the firm of Messrs. Smith. Fassett & Co., the well
known lumber merchants. He is also a director of the Bank of
Commerce and is the Vice-president of the Merchants' Bank, two
of the most conservatively conducted financial institutions of Buf-
falo. He is also the Vice-president of the Crocker Fertilizing and
Chemical Company, and is a most infiuential and valued member of
Buffalo's trade circles. The house has an enviable record of sixty-
eight years' duration, and is to-day the most vigorous, as it is the
leading, concern of the kind in town.

GERMAN-AMERICAN STEAM LAUNDRY, John Klug, Proprie-
tor, No. 26C East Genesee Street.— It is not many years since the
home washing had to be done by the laborious process of hand-
rubbing, wringing, and iron, the only aids being a tub, wash-
board, and sad-iron. Labor-saving machinery and public laundries
have revolutionized all this. A noted Buffalo laundry which has ac-
quired an enviable reputation for superior work and reliable business
methods is that of the German American Steam Laundry (Mr. John
Klug proprietor), located at No. 266 East Genesee Street. This gen-
tleman was born in this state. For five years he was employed in a
prominent laundry in Rochester, and afterwards, for two years,
travelled for the Troy Laundry Machinery Company, setting up and
giving instruction in the working of their machinery. In 18S9 he
founded his present establishment, which at once became the centre
of a very liberal and substantial trade. The premises utilized com-
prise a two-story building, 30x60 feet in dimensions, which are sup-
plied with the latest improved steam washers, ironers, di-yers, and
everything known to modem .science for use in a laundry, and op-
erated by a steam engine of ample power, while a full force of ex-
perienced hands are given constant emplo.vment. All work is exe-
cuted in a superior and prompt manner and without injury to gar-
ments. Lace curtains, fine shirts, chemises, skirts, collars and
cuffs, pillow-shams, embroidered articles, fine dresses, etc., are
laundered in the most artistic and skilful manner, and the annoy-
ances of having articles changed for those of others is most care-
fully guarded against, while the prices charged are very reasonable.
Orders are called for and delivered promptly, and high standard of
service is assured. Mr. King is a courteous and energetic man.
prr>mpt and reliable, and has won success by his careful attention
to the wants of the public .nnd first-class service.

ILLU STRAY EC

^-Bvffaloji^c

\ HAS. J. BORK, Fire Insurance, and I'loiiri.iur vl Altica Jlllls
AlUca, N. y.. No. BO EuRle Strc«t,-'lbo Are insurance
isiuess of BulTalo is one of its mont iniporUinl interests, anil
, its details and successful mano«ement is invesUHl a vast
enpital. alTordinK protection to property tliat coulU not possibly bo
secured by any other means. One of the most succcsssful ol the In-
Burance agencies of the city is that of Mr. Chas. J. Bork, whose office
is located at No. 20 Eagle Street. The business of Uiis house was
started iu 1880 by Sir. Joseph Bork, by whom it was conducted up
to January 1, il<90, when he was succeeded by his son, the present
proprietor, who, though one of the youngest, is yet one of the most
enterprising, energetic, and progressive business men in Buffalo.
Mr. Bork represents Uie following stanch and reliable companies,
in which he is prepared to issue risks to any amount: North British

and Mercantile Insurance Company of Englanrt; London Assur-
ance Corporation of England; America Fire In.surance Compony
of Philadelphia; Buffalo German Insurance Company of Biiffalo;
Pbcenix Insurance Company of Brooklyn, and Imperial Insurance
Company of London. Mr. Bork is likewise pmprietor of the Attica
Mills, Attica, N. Y , where he manufactures the highest grades of
flour. The mills have a productive capacity of 400 barrels a day, and
the special brands made here include " C. J. B. Best." "Silver
Spring," " Sweet Home," " Prize." " Spring Beauty," and " Morning
Glory." A part of the products go to the eastern market All sales
made in Buffalo are filled from the Buffalo store room, Fillmore
Avenue and South Broadway. Mr. Bork, who is a native of Buffalo,
is an active member nf the Fire Underwriters' As.sociation, and is
held in the highest estimation for his honorable business principles
and his straightforward manner of conducting his transactions.

NATIONAL CASH REGISTER, Chas. M. Proctor, General
Agent, No. U E. Seneca Street. Aciiong the many inventions
that have recently been hrouglit t.> the notice of the public it
is safe to say that none have proved of more advantage to
the business community than the National Cash Register. As its
name indicates it is a machine for taking care of all money trans-
action*, cash and cr.'dit sales, and is correct and reliable. It is
strong and substantially made, works antomaiically, and perfect in
every re.spect. The "Register" will tell the exact amount of cash
and credit sales made ilaily, the amount of money paid in and out
on account, and the amount of money taken out and not charged,
and the numlier of times the ca-^b drawer lias been opened for
change, and can be used with or without a eashier, in short, gives a
full detailed statement of the business of the day. With a Nntional
Cash Register you lake nothing for granu^. Yourcash drawercan-
not be opened except by pressing <i key. Every time that drawer is
opened for any purpose whatever the fact is registeretl, and that
record is seen only by yourself or your manager if you so authorize.
By using a National Cash Register and Its infallible retail system
you do not go to your cash drawer to find the amount of your sales;
you simply open the lid of yonr Register and take off the record. It
stands 18 inches high. IT Inches wide, and 1(1 inches d-ep. In outline
it is graceful: in design it is unique ond correct, and in finish it is

and highly llmshed; of rolled brass, etclied, and nick led; of cast
brass, oxydizetl, bronzexl, copiwred, or nickleil. These cabinets har-
monize or contrast with the plainest or most elegant and costly store
fixtures. It is highly endorsed and recommended by all having them
iu use, and will make you prospeious because it saves you time,
worry, work, and money. It cannot be beaten by a dishonest man,
because if he foils to registei-, the customer will notice it. M be
registers a less amount than ho receives, the bell will ring and call
everyone's attention to the indicators, which show the amount.
Thus it will check him in any attempt to defraud. A neat, handsome
illustrated pamphlet giving full information concerning the machine
may be had on application to Mr. Cltarles M. Proctor, the agent, No.
U E. Seneca Street. Mr. Proctor is a native of Rochester, a live,
wide awake business man, upright and honorable, and well and
favorably known in this comnnmity.

AMERICAN EXCHANGE BANK, No. 16 West Seneca Street.—
The city, of Buffalo has every reason to be proud of its
wealthy banking corporations, conducted as they are on so
thoroughly a sound and conservative a basis. Their import-
ance as a means of contributing to develop the extensive resources
of this section of the state caimot be questioned, w hile their solvency
and rapidly increasing volume of business are guarantees of the
financial and industrial interests of the city. In this connection
special reference is made in this commercial review to the old estab-
lished and reUablo American Exchange Bank, whose banking rooms
are located at No. 16 West, Serieca Street. This popular institution
has had a ver^* successful career, and is to-day one of the most
vigorous exponents of the soundest principles governing banking
and finance. The American Exchange Bank was organized in 1653
imder State Laws, with a paid-up capital of $200,000. w hich has been
further augni,;ntcd by a surplus and undivided profits of $106,6MI.
The officers and directors include some of the most prudent, honor-
able and succe-ssful men in the business commimity. The officers
are as follows, viz.: John L. Williams, president; Rufus L. Howard,
vice president; .Scth W. Warren, cashier; Albert B. Briggs. assistant
cashier. The bank transacts a general business in loans, discounts,
and deposits, issues letters of credit available in all partsof the world,
and deals in Exchange, Government and other flrst-class bonds. It
makes a specialty of collections by means of its correspondents in all
sections of the United States, Canada, and Europe. Its policy towards
all the subsianlial interests of Buffalo is liberal and encouraging, and
it givesjndicionsand valuable support to nil kinds of commercial and
industrial enterprise. The banking ro<ims are spacious and hand-
.somely equipped, and possess every convenience for the prompt dis-
patch of business. The foUowmg quarterly Klatement, June, 14, 1890,
shows its affairs to he in a most substantial and flourishing condition:
Resources: Loans and discounts less due from directors, $1,068,642.80;
due from directors, $.W,:i80; Overdrafts, $660.20; due from trust
companies, state and national banks and bankers, $126,95l.ni; real
estate, $r8,3.-)0; U. S. bon.Is, SI.OOO; specie. $.1I.4.'.0..')5; U. S. legal ten-
der notes and notes of national banks. $47.29775; cash items, viz.:
bills and checks f .ir the next day's exchanges, etc.. $.3,049 23; cuirent
expenses, etc.. SI0.3S4..'>6; assets not included tmderany of the above
beads. *« 904 19; total. $1,428.077 09. Liabilities: capital stock paid
in, in cash. $300,000; surplus, $.-)0.000; undivided profits, $.'i«,0o0.09;
due depositoi-s, SS7;5,191.0I: due state and uational hanks, etc.,
$218,8:15 99; total, $1,428,077.09. Mr. George C. White was the fli-st
president, and continued in ofllce from 1853 to 1868. He was suc-
oeeiled by Mr. Pidmer, John B. Grillln, Jas. D. Sawyer, and eventu-
ally in 1883 by James D. Warren. Sir. James D. Warren, was the
proprietor of the C-ommercial Advert'ser and chairman of the Re-
publican State Committee, when he did valiant work in the presi-
dential campaign of ISftl. He died in December, 1886. His snc-
ces-sor. Mr. John L. WiHiams, is as widely known for his executive
ability as for the just manner in which he protects the interests of
depositors and stockholders. Mr S. W. Warren is a brother of J. D.
Warren, the former presitlent. He became assistant cashier in 1880,
and cashier :n 1886. Boih Mr. Wanen and Mr. Briggs, the assistant
oflshier. are able and rnrefnl bank officers, eminently qualified for
their important positions. The principal New York correspondents
of the tiank are the Com Exchange. Seaboard National, and Conti-
nental National banks.

ILLUSTRATED

THE BANK OF BUrFAI,0, Comer Maio and Seneca Streets.—
In referring to the banking industries of Buffalo we desire to
make special reference in tiiis commercial review to the re-
liable and progressive Bank of Buffalo, whose banking offices
ai*e eligibly located comer of Main and Seneca Streets. Organized
in 1873, under the laws of the State of New York, this bank com-
menced operations with a paid-up capital of $300,000, which has
since been further augmented by a surplus of $300,000. Its officers
and directors include some of the most prudent, honorable, and suc-
cessful men in the business community. This bank receives de-
posits, discounts approved commercial paper, deals in exchange,
and transacts a general banking business. I' makes a specialty of
collections by means of its correspondents in all sections of the
United States, Canada, and Europe. Its policy towards all the sub-
stantial interests of Buffalo is liberal and encouraging, and it gives
judicious and valuable support to all kinds of commercial and indus-
trial enterprises. Mr. Jewett, the president, was born in Moravia,
Cayuga County, N. Y., January 17, 1818, and came to Buffalo May 3,
1834. He is one of the ciiy's ablest business men, and is senior part-
ner of the firm of Sherman S. Jewett & Co., stove manufacturers.
Mr. Jewett was member of Common Council 1845, 1S46, and 1849. In
1878 he was nominated for Congress, but his health prevented his
acceptance of the nomination. He was one of the Republican presi-
dential electors in 1880, and has been a member of the Board of Park
Commissioners, and its president in 1879. Mr. Jewett was one of the
founders of the Buffalo Club in 1867. and president in 1874. He was also
one of the originators of the Buffalo Fine Art Academy, and en-
dowed it with $10,000, whUe he likewise liberally supported the Buffalo
Library, and is one of our public spirited citizens. Mr. William H.
Cornwell, the cashier, was elected in 1877. The bank had but tliree
clerks then in its employment, its clientage was limited, and the total
deposits were only $500,000. To-day it employs 40 clerks, the cus-
tomers are numbered by hundreds, the deposits amount of $4,000,000,
and the surplus is larger than the capital. What have been the
principal causes of this phenomenal success ? We answer the mod-
em banking methods introduced by Mr. Corawell have practically
changed the banking business of Buffalo. Mr. Cornwell has always
enjoyed the cordial cooperation of President Jewett, whose ripe ex-
perience, coupled with the cashier's ability and progressive ideas,
have secured to the bank its unprecedented prosperity without de-
parting from the safe lines of banking. On the walls of the bank is
a stenographic fjieze, designed by Mr. Cornwell, which translated
reads, " Favor and Benevolence are not the attributes of good bank-
ing. Strict justice and the rigid peiformance of contracts are its
proper foundations." The scene in the bank of Buffalo during bank-
ing hours is one of remarkable activity, and it is a common remark
that if one desires to meet any prominent business man, this is the
most certain place to see him. The new room for lady depositors is
a gem of fitness and good ta.ste, and there is a separate teller's win-
dow, where ladies alone are waited on. In conclusion, we would ob.
serve that the bank of Buffalo is a lasting source of credit to the
Queen City, and a moimment to the energy and ability of its officers
and founders.

BUFFALO VULCANITE AND ASPHALT PAVING COMPANY
(Limited), No. 13!^ Swan Street.— One of the great boons to
our niodt-rn civilization is the modern asphalt pavement as
laid by the Buffalo Vulcanite Asphalt Company Oimi'ed).
Some years ago, the crude efforts of otlier concerns to lay a reliable
asphalt pavement met with failure, and their »ork proved tmsatis-
factoiy, but the Buffalo Vulcanite Asphalt Company (limited), since
its incorporation in 1888, has executed the finest work of the kind in
existence, by reason of the tact that its officers are experienced,
practical men, who thoroughly understand the chemistry as well as
ingredients for a perfect time defying, frost proof and waterproof
pavement, and whose contracts here and elsewliere as executed,
afford positive proof that no other concern anywhere is doing such
splendid work. President Conners and his associates enforce a
thorough system of orgiidzation, and hiive extensive works at the
foot of Bird Avenue, on the bank of the Erie Canal, where they have
inve.sted large capital in land, bnUdin<rs, machinery, etc. In the line
of machinery, the equipment is the best that skill and experience
can devise or capital command. A large force of hands are em-
ployed, and the company has already done a great deal of import-

ant work in the city, now having several very extensive contracts
under way. Their processes of laying are the most complete, pre-
cise and perfect in existence; every minute detail is provided for,
and their work is correspondingly the most beautiful and durable of
any in existence. No coal tar products enter these pavements only
the famous asphalt from the lake of that material in the Island of
Trinidad, and already the fame of the company is securing to it
large contracts for streets, paths, areas, cellars, etc. All their work
is guaranteed for five years, and their paving forms the finest road-
way in the world. President Connors is a native of this city, a capi-
talist and business man of highest repute, and whose unflagging
energy and sound judgment specially qualify him for the heavy re-
sponsibilities of the company's guidance. He has the valued sup-
port of Mr. Michael Newell as vice President. He is a native of Ire-
land, resident here since childhood, and is one of Buffalo's self made
men; a respected and influential citizen, who was police commis-
sioner for six years, and on retiring from office in May, 1890, had tlie
satisfaction of knowing that his department was at the highest
standard of efficiency. Mr. C. U. Wagner is the popular and re-
sponsible treasurer, while Mr. W. P. Burns is the able and painstak-
ing secretary. Mi*. Burns was born in Connecticut, his ancestors,
three generations back coming from Ireland. He has splendid
executive capacity; he was tlie genial and esteemed city clerk of
Buffalo for seven years, holding the office longer than anybody else,
and retiring in Jaimary, 1880. on account of cliange in adminis-
tration with an enviable reputation as a competent official. He
has been a great traveller, and was one of the lucky band who hap-
pened to be at the "New Rush," now Kimberly, " Grequaland
West," in the Diamond Fields of South Africa, when that amazingly
rich kopje was staked out into claims— every one a big fortune. Mr.
Bums was one of the flrst four to get his claims here and held them
for 3^ years thereafter, working them with kafflrs, till the danger-
ous state of the "diggings" resulted in consolidation in companies.
He found lots of diamonds, many of fine color and perfect stones,
and has now in his possession several of the diamonds he found.
After the British Government seized the Province from the Orange
Free State, and Governor Truter and his commands had retired from
DuToits Pan, DeBeers, Pruel and the vast diggings, Mr. Burns also
decided to sell out, and subsequently met with many adventures,
tramping 750 miles over that dreary veldt witii his bag on his back,
and but few Dutch Boers from whom to seek hospitality, in order
to thoroughly prospect for diamonds. Mr. Bums held -office under
the Orange Free State as a justice of the peace, and sent many a
"black "to the tj-oufc for thieving or drunkenness. He has since
made two visits to the Cape each time taking parties from this city.
Mr. Bums is prominent in Buffalo's poUtical and social circles, and
is deservedly popular.

GEORGE SUTTON, Book and Job Printer, No. 37-4 Seneca Street.
—For strictly first class all-round work in the book and job
printing line, or for promptness and reliability in executing
orders, small or large, none in the business in Buffalo sus-
tains a better reputation than George Sutton, who is certainly one
of the foremost exponents of the "Art Preservative " in this city,
and enjoys a very fine patronage, his trade, which extends through-
out Erie County, constantly improving. Mr. Sutton, who is a gen-
tleman in the prime of life, was born in England, where he learned
his art, and has resided in Buffalo a number of years. He is a
charter member of the Sons of St. George and the Ancient Order of
Foresters, both of which orders he was instrumental in instituting
m this city; has been established since 1889, and was formerly located
on Elk Street, moving to the present commodious quarters some
tour years ago, and from the start he has been steadily pushmg his
way to favor and recognition. His premises are compact, ample
and well equipped in every respect, and some half a dozen or more
competent workmen are regularly employed here, the proprietor
exercising immediate supervision over every detail. Estimates are
cheerfully furnished on all classes of printing, from a business card,
hand bill or circular to a catalogue, pamphlet, book, or newspaper,
and satisfaction is guaranteed in every instance, special attention
being given to fine commeroiiil work, while the prices quoted are
always of the most reasonable character consistent therewith: and
all orders are attended to in the most expeditious and trustworthy

ILLUSTRATED

^^Suffalojc

THE QUEEN
CITY OF THE LAKES.

WAI-BRIDOE & CO., Wholesale Ilnrdwaie Mereliiints, Nos.
317, :tl9 and S-Jl Woshiiigtmi Sliect.— Buffalo can justly
be I'onpratulated upon the possession of one of the finest
and larKest wholesale and retail hardware estahlishtnent
111 America, viz., that of Messrs. Walbrid(;e& Co. Iloth as leRnids
character and inagDiiude of stock, honorable methods, and liberal
policy of the house, and the special qualillcnt ions possesseil l*y the co-
I'artners, this concern outranks all oi hers in the hardware line. The
business was started in 1869 by Mr. Charles E. WalbridRC. a native
of this city, and whoso early mei'cantile training specially fitted him
for conducting the concern upon the most advanced basis. In Feb-
ruary, 1885, Mr. Harry Walbriilge was admitted into partnership,
aud the name and style was changed to Walbridge & Co. This is a
pushing, progressive house, and is every day making new customers
by reason of the superior inducements here offered. The firm was
.irigioally located at No. 871 Main Street, whence in 18T3, owing to
the need for much greater accommodations, a removal was made to
the building now occupied by Messrs. Plimpton. Cowan & Co., and
in 18T9 to the present splendid building, which is five lofty stories in
height and 0.'x|.3; feet in dimensions. This, again, lias been found
too contracted for the phenomenal growth of trade, and the firm
are now ereciiiig a connecting building, also five stories in height
and 25xG2 feet in dimensions. Their stove and heavy hardware
Blonge house is at No. 80 Main Street, being four stories high and
35x500 feet in dimensions. It will thus be noted what an enormous
area of floor-space is devoted to the business. Here is gathered o
stock by far the most complete and comprehensive in every detail.
It contains the best makes of goods from both hemispheres, and
here brought together for the direct comparison of the buyer. Here
is every description of shelf hardware, cabinet and builders' hard-
ware, fine cutlery, mechanics' tools of best brands, agricultural
and garden implement*, nails and tacks, tinners' stock, house-fur-
ni-hing goods, and tlie most famous line of stoves in town, being the
make of the Detroit Stove Works, for which the firm are the ca.steni
rei>resentatives. This is also headquarters for machine tools, mill
and engine supplies, belting, packing, etc. The firm carry a very
Urge stock of steel, zinc, lead, sheet iron, sheet copper, tin plate,
etc., and offer the most substantial inducements both as to price and
quality. It may be mentioned that this firm, in the course of its
prosperous career, on January 1st, 1886. absorbed the stock and
good will of the old firm of Pratt & Co. Messrs. Walbridge & Co.
reach the trade of a large part of the Union, and are noted for hand-
ling all staple goods on the smallest margins, their immense sales
giving them advantages to offer that small houses find it impossible
lo do. Messrs. Wallirirtge are members of the Merchants' Exchange,
and are popular, respected mercliants. who have achieved their
great success on the true basis of lioiioralile effort and the ability
to secure and handle the best goods only at lowest rates.

J NO. D. SMITH, .\gent for the Carton Furnace, Dealer in Chande-
Uers and Gas Fixtures. Plumber, Gas and Steam Fitter, No. 51
Peorl Street. -An unbroken record of prosperity extending
over a period of thirty-eight years sums np in brief the busine.ss
career of Jno. D. Smith, agent for the Carton furnace, and dealer in
chandeliers and gas-fixtures, also plumber, steam aud gas fitter. No.
51 Pearl Street. His establishment is the oldest and one of the
largest and leading concerns of the kind in Buffalo, and his trade,
which U very extensive, affords evidence of steady increase. The
assortment displayed here is exceedingly line— about the largest and
finest in the city— and every article S'ld is fully warranted, while all
work executed is guaranteed first class. The prices quoted, too, are
of the most reasonable character, everything considere<l, and all
orders by telephone (No. 499). mail, or otherwise are attended to in
the most prompt and reliable manner, the proprietor exercising close
personal supervision over every department. The business premises
occupy three 34xl3I-foot floors, with spacious and handsomely ap-
pointed store. Twenty-five or more in help are employed. The
stock includes the Carton hot-air furnace, also an elegant line of
superb chandeliers, lamps, globes, shades, etc. ; also artistic bronzes.
bm.sses, and exquisite gas-flxiures in great varietv. with a complete
assortment of plumbers', steam and gas fitters' supplies. Fsti-
mates are furnished on all cla.s.ses of plumbing, steam heating, and
gas fitting, special attention being given to house drainage, water

service, hot air and steam healing, and snnitarj- work generally
while tumncca are repaired and reset in tlio most skilful manner, at
short notice. Jobbing of all kinds is promptly and reliably attended
to. Mr. Smith, the proprietor, is a gentleman of middle ago and
was bom in England, but has resided in this city since l«l. He is a
thoroughly practical and expert workman himself, of fifty odd
years' experieiKM;, and has a minute knowledge of the business in
its every feature and detail. Among the more notable structures
for which Mr. .'^miih had the contract for plumbing, gas fitting, etc.,
may be mentioned the Niagara Hotel, the Austin Building, Masonic
Hall, the Exchange Building, and a number of others equally worthy

CSCHIRRA & SON, Merchant Tailors, No. 208 Main Street.-
For many years the well known tailoring establishment of
J Slessrs. C. Schirra & Son has enjoyed the reputation of being
a leader iu the part icular line of trade it affects. In 1872 the
house was founded by the present senior partner and Mr. Smith,
under the firm name of Smith & Schirra, at No. 3o Main Street. Six
years later the exigencies of its growing trade prompted its removal
to a more central location, which was found at the present stand. No
8C3 Main Street. In 1888, on the withdrawal from the business by Mr.
Smith, the present copartnership, composed of Mr. Schirra and his
son. Mr. Peter Schirra, was formed. The premises occupied comprise
an elegantly appointed store, 30x60 feet in dimensiotLj, handsomely
furnished throughout, and provided with a large and handsome plate-
glass front. They are light, commodioas, and well fitted to properly
display the valuable and well selected stock always carried. The
finest products in cloths, tweeds, cassimeres, silks, etc., chosen in the
best markets for tlie special requirements of the Buffalo trade are
here to be found, and the most fastidious patron can from them be
suited on the shortest notice. Sixteen skilled hands are kept con-
stantly employed providing the elegant garments for which this house
is noted, and which are recognizable, %vherever seen, by the fine quality
of the materials and the superior excellence of the cut, fit, and
workmanship. The trade done is one of the largest in the city, and
under the present active management is steadily increasing. Prices
charged are uniformly moderate and unrivalled by any other similar
establishment in Buffalo. Both the Messrs. Schirra are natives of
thLs city, and have always resided here. The enterpruing activity
they have ever displaye<l. as well as their equitable and liberal man-
ner of doing business, has acquired for them a general popularity in
the community. Mr. C. Schirra is connected with the St. John's
Commandery of UnifotTiied Catholic Knights, of which he is a promi-
nent member.

CH.\S. SEITZ, Dealer in Choice Groceries, Wines, Liquors, and
Cigars. No. 49J Rhode Island Street, Corner Chenango.— The
handling of groceries and provisions is one of the most impor-
tant branches of btisiness carried on in the city, and a well
known, reliable house engaged extensively in it and enjoying a high
reputation for dealing in A 1 goods is that of Mr. Charles Eeitz. No
492 Rhode Island Street, corner of Chenango Street Jlr Seitz w.is
bom in Germany in 1849, but has been a resident of this country
since infancy. He learned the cooper's trade, and after » orking
at it for ten years established his present business which from
the start has been accorded a very substantial patronage. He has
occupied his present premises, which are owned by him, since IK84
The store is commodious and neatly appointe<I, while the stock car-
ried embraces none but absolutely pure and first class poods, such as
fresh n"w crop teas from Chica and Japan, choice Mocha. Java, and
Rio coffees; cocoas, chocolates and spices; best brands of canned
meats, vegetables, sauces, relishes, condiments, table delicacies, and
foreign and domestic fruits; sugars, sirups. mola.sses; choice family
flour, cereal and farinaceous foods; select dairy and fancy creamery
butter and cheese; fresh laid eggs, farm and garden products, salt
and smoked meats and fish; bakers' and laundry supplifs; pure for-
eign and domestic wines, liquors, ales, and beer bottled for family
uise; best brands of tobacco and cigars, etc The goods of this con-
cern are noted for their excellence, purity, and low prices. The
store is always neat, clean, and orderly: polite assistants serve pa
Irons promptly, and two wagons are in constant use delivering goods
free of chan;e.

ILLUSTRATED

WM. P. GORGES, Undertakpr, No. 682 BroadK-ay — A leading
undertakiug establishment is that of Mr. William P.
Gorges, whose fine store and premises are situate at No.
bH-i Broadway. It was founded in 1884 at its present loca-
tion by this gentleman, and a Mr. Leuer, the firm being then known
as Gorges & Leuer. In 1885 the latter withdrew from the business
which has since been carried on by Mr. Gorges alone. From the
start the enterprise and energy of the proprietor, coupled with the
ripe experience he had acquired in the conduct of this line of busi-
ness, assured the house of great success, and its patronage has
steadily increased from year to year, until it is to-day one of the
most prominent houses engaged in the trade in this city of Buffalo.
The store is neat, and well appointed, and has an area of 2.5x40 feet.
It is handsomely furnished, and fitted up with every convenience
and facility for the transaction of the large business done. A well
selected aosDrtment of caskets, coffins, trimmings, mountings, etc.,
is constantly carried, Mr. Gorges having established connections
with the leading manufacturers of this line of goods in the United
States. These, and the unsurpassed facililies he possesses enable
him to take charge of the most elaborate funeral oi
notice, and to conduct it throughout in the most fitting
Orders received at any hour of the day or night, receive immediate
attention. Every requisite for fimerals is provided, and the estab-
lishment is as complete and extensive as any in western New York.
Mr. Gorges furnishes his own heai"ses, carriages, etc., of which a
large number as well as numerous horses are kept constantly on the
premises. The embalming is attended to by practical and experi-
enced men of acknowledged ability, and according to the most scien-
tific tind approved principles. The prices charged are always fair,
and satisfaction is in every case guaranteed. The business done is
very large, and a faint idea of its extent may be gathered from the
statement that in one month alone, July 1S90, over seventy funerals
were conducted by this bouse alone. Mr. Gorges is a native of Buf-
falo, and is one of its leading and prominent citizens. He fills the
important position of city sexton, and to him is entrusted the oner-
ous duty of burying the city's dead, as well as of seeing to the imme-
diate disposal of the remains of those who have succumbed to con-
tageous diseases. In the discharge of these functions, be has ever ex-
hibited great tact and discretion, and won the esteem of those with
whom he has had deaUngs. He has alway.'? taken an active interest
in public matters, and whatever has tended to increase the pros-
perity of his native city. His fellow citizens have appreciated his
efforts in their behalf, and have elected him to the honorable and re-
sponsible position of Supervisor of the Sixth Ward, which ofiice he
st.Ul holds. He is a member of the Catholic Mutual Benefit Associa-
tion, also of the Chancellor Catholic Benevolent Legion. President
Catholic Knights, and is very popular in all business circles.

OC. READ, Investment Securities, Nos. 66 and 67 White Build-
ing.— Mr. O. C. Read, the well known dealer in investment
^ securities, whose ofiBce is located at Room Nos. 66 and 07,
White Building, has been prominently identified with the
financial world for the pastjtwelve years, and during that time the busi-
ness which he conducts has attained important proportions, and bis
house is now recognized as a leader in its special field. He deals ex-
<;lusively in local investment securities, handling the best class of
city property, including eUgible building lots centrally located; also
negotiates sales for syndicates, and his operations embrace promi-
nent and wealthy parties. He has had an extended and varied ex-
perience in financial and real estate matters, and his career has been
marked by a display of that energy, tact, and appreciation of oppor-
tunity so essential to permanent success in the " city.*' He keeps a
keen eye upon the market, and is considered a leading authority upon
acl-ual values, while his extended and influential connection enables
him to secure much inside information of mutual and incalculable
benefit to his large clientele and himself. Mr. Read possesses ex-
ceptional facilities, through his intimate relations with bankers and
ojonied institutions, not only for the prompt fulfillment of his own
engagements, but also tor the successful negotiation of important
operations requiring large sums of cnoney for others. He offers
oppDrtuniti^s Tor the purchase of government and other guaranteed
dividend paying bonds and stocks which are unsm-passed by any of
hia contemporaries, as to this branch of finance be has devoted his
closest attention. He made the sale of the property for the Buffalo
Club and for the Griffin House, and holds a number of very valuable

lots on Franklin and Delaware streets. Mr Read is a native of Ne»
York, a resident of Buffalo since 1876, and still in the active prime of
Ufe. He is treasurer of the County Club, a member of the Merchants'
Exchange and the Real Estate Board, and belongs to that class of
steady, conservative, reliable business men, to whom Buffalo owes so
much of her substantial progress and financial prosperity.

CE. WILLIAMS, General Contractor, Corner Eagle and Pearl
Streets.— The rapid growth of Buffalo during recent years,
, has made the city a wide field of industry for general con-
tracting. In this connection it is a pleasure to make promi-
nent mention of a contractor who has won an excellent re|iutation
for executing all contracts undertaken by him in a thoroughly re-
liable and .satisfactory manner. We refer to the reputation and pro-
gressive contractor, Charles E. Williams, general contractor, whose
office is located at Nos. 13 and 13 Kremlin Hall, corner Eagle and
Pearl Streets. This business was established in 1850 by William I.
Williams, who was succeeded by Wm. I. Williams & Son. During
the existence of the house of W. I. Williams & Son, Mr. C. E. Wil-
liams always conducted the contracting business individually and
under his own name f lom the time of bis admission into the con-
cern in 1875, and since then has done a very large proportion of the
city work; city and government work being his principal business.
He made the addition of 800 feet to the Buffalo Breakwater, which
cost $100,000. Since the retirement of W. I. Williams, which occurred
in 1884, C. E. Williams has continued the business and has amply
sustained the worthy reputation of the old firm. He has been ably
assisted by the well known contractor Mr. D. W. McConnell. who
was in partnership with him a portion of the time. He often em-
ploys 600 men during the busy season. He has done a large amount
of city work, and has faithfully served the best interests of his
patrons. He makes a specialty of constructing sewers and paving
and built the Hertel .\.venue sewer which cost $240,000, repaired
West Eagle Street between Main and Pearl Streets, which is con-
ceded to be the best stone pavement in the city; macadamized pave-
ment, Humboldt Parkway; constructed sewer in Avenue A, East
Buffalo, $35,000. and stone pavement. East Buffalo, $60,000. These
contracts give an idea of bis operations, hut the minor raattei-s
which he is constantly being called upon to execute we have not the
space to enumerate. His long experience in this branch of the
business to which he has always devoted special study enables him
to successfully carjy out the most dilHcult of this class of work, a
fact that during his operations here has been of incalculable benefit
to this city. He has ample capital at his command to secure the
completion of all contracts left to him. His work is highly endorsed
by eminent engineers, and has always given complete satisfaction to
officials. He is highly regarded in business circles for his integrity
and energy, and justly merits the liberal patronage secured by his
industry and entei-prise.

EW. WEGENER, Groceries and Provisions, No. 275 Swan
Street.— Without exception one of the finest and most pop-
j ular grocery stores in the Second Ward is that of Mr. Ernst
W. Wegener, which is located at No. 375 Swan Street cor-
ner Chicago. The store is 25x00 feet in dimensions, admirably ar-
ranged and fitted up in modern style and contains every conveni-
ence for all pui-poses of the business. It is liberally patronized by
a good class of custom and the goods to be found here are of the
best and most reliable quality. Mr. Wegener, the courteous pro-
prietor, is.a native of Buffalo and a piactical business man of many
years' experience. He commenced business operations in 1887 at
No. 430 South Division Street, and soon built up a flourishing trade.
which continued to grow, necessitating his seeking more commodi-
ous quarters for its accommodation, accordingly two years after-
wards he secured and removed to the very desir-able premises now
occupied, and which he has put in splendid order. The stock of
goods is always kept up to a full standard by the arrival of fresh
invoices, and it should be said to Mr Wegener's credit that he is
never without tlie finest teas and coffees, pure spices, family flour,
canned goods, table sauces, condiments, dfilicatessin. or in fact
anything that belongs to the business in the way of family supplies,
while he always has the best quality goods, his prices are governed
by moderation and as a consequence he is doing a brisk business.
Polite clerks are employed and orders are filled and delivered at
short notice, two wagons owned by Mr-. Wegener being kept ex-
pressly for this purpose.

ILLUSTRATED

CITY OF THE l^KCS.

DKSTON & COTTIER, Dealere in Pianofortes, Oreong, nnil Im-
portirsof and Dealers in nllMuslcal Merchimdise, No.S«!)31nin
Street. One i«t the great represenUitivo liuniness esUililisli-
menta of Biiffiilo is tliat of Denton & Collier, tlio leadlnK
Jealers In pianos ami orRnus, slieet mnslc, and musical nierclmndl/.o
gonerally, and wliose immense concern, with its muHMillceiil ami
eomprehensive stock, has not its equal in any other city in the Union,
New Yorlj, we believe, not even excepted. This is a very old and a
most restmnsible house, dating bacic to ISST, wlieu it was foiindetl
by the late Mr. James D. Sheppard. He built up a large trade and
an important connection, anil to secure the needed increase of fa-
cilities, the firm of Sliepiwnl. Cottier & Co. was formed in ISUS, Mr.
Denton then coming in as junior partner, lli- is a native of Euc-
land, comiiiK to America in cliil.lhood. with his fandly, and hero re-
ceiving his education and business trainiiic He early manifested
musical talents of the highest order, and, as a music teacher and or-
ganist, none have been more successful. His practical knowledge
of music, coupled with his business capacity, proved invaluable
factoi-s to the Arm. In 1867 .Mr. Sheppard retired, and the llrni be-
came that of Cottier & Denton. In IST.S the decease of Mr. Cottier
left Mr. Denton as the sole manager of tuis great concern, in which
the Cottier estate retained an interest. The firm name was re-
versed, anil as Denton & Cottier the style has become honorably
identitied witli the numerous transactions, and most influential
patronage of the firm. Tlie premises ..otupi' d are very extensive,
t>eing five stories in height, and JiK irni r.- : i,, .liun-nsions, while one
half of the adjoining five-story i i i in added to seeuri'

increased floor space. Tins Imu i ii. linesl pianofortes

made, being the sole agents for th. ". i M i,.!n u^ imike of Steinway
& Sons, also splendid instrumei.is fii.ru the faciorie.s of Steck,
Fischer, Krakauer Bros.. Chase Co.. Hall-tt & Davis, New England
Piano Company, etc. It is a great advantage to a purchaser to have
a numlMjr of leading makes to select from, and to this attractitui
here is ad.led one that tile firm are prepared to sell instruments on
the inslahiient plan, with ample time for payment in full. Here
also is heailquarters for pianos and organs to let. The niagiiiiutlc
of the business transacted here may bo gathered, when we state
that the firm have a thousand pianos and organs, either in the ware-
rooms, hired out, or being paid for on their easy terms. Nowhere
are found such moderate prices, while the honorable polic-y of the
house lias ever been to describe instruments, etc.. with absohile ac-
curacy, and give the customer the same ailvantases eveiy way
that he could have in New York City. The lirni are the leading
importers of and dealei-s in musical insti uineius, strina.s, and sup-
plies of all kinds; sheet music, music books, ete. Any piece of
music, new or old, can be had here, while the tlrni are also popular
publishei-s of music, and bring out a great many original piecesin
the course of the year. The firm have all tlir ht-st class nf trade in
Buffalo, and control same throughout Ki i. \ii_ u i i huiiauqua.
Cattaraugus, and Wyoming Countie.s,thi- ~il i . uple of

hundred thousand dollai-s annually. Mr. 1 '. i . i . i ,illy pop-

ular and respected, a worthy exponent oi ili. .Vimru.ui music
trade, and has brought to bear in his mercantile traiLsactions those
traits of character and ability that win the este»Mn and confidence
of the cominunity at large.

THE C.VTON BUSINESS COLLEGE COMPANY, Incorporated
Jan. -'I, 1890, with paid-up capital stock of SlOO.OtlO; Prof. M.
J. (iiton. President; H. F. Crumb. Business Manager; Pearl
and Church Streets. — The most phenomenal success of the
age In educational circles are the choin ..f business colleges founded
by that eminent and progressive educator, IVof. M. J. Caton, who is
a born teacher of the highest order of intellect, and one of the most
competent, systematic organizers in the United States. Prof. Caton
opened his Cleveland Bnsine-ss College in 18sr. Iiaviiig but three pu-
pils at the start, and over 1300 before the close of the first scholastic
year. Tliis rapid rate of growth and development has eharacteriiied
that college ever since, and also his Buffalo business college, which
was estaidished in 1889 in the elegant, modern, four-story premises,
specially erected for the purpose at the corner of Pearl and Church
Streets. Here are large, elegantly-furnished class-rooms ami lee
ture halls, and where is afforded the most complete and thorough
course of tuition of any business college in Buffalo. The personal
guidance of the college devolves upon Mr. H. F. Cnimh. a yonng

man of the highest uttaiiimentii and marked educational and execu-
tive ability. Prof. Caton gives It his careful supervision, and has
secured a faculty of the greatest eminence, including Hon. W. K.

Caton, Superintendent; ProfessoiK Je».si- Hent W H. Purkinwiu.

L. J Irwin. Albert Utpalel, and A. W. Kchniston, and a corps or
assistants. The curriculum includes a thorough courae of Instrue-
tioii in the science of accounts and book-keeping; the most novel
and perfect system of actual business, not only locall7X.'<l among the
students of one college, but by mail, freight, and express, with the
studenls of the other two cidlc-ges of the chnin; business, shorthaml.
English, includii'g composition and orthography, peninnnsldp.
licnnan, telegrapliy, niechaidcal and architectural drimlng, and
instruction on tho stenograph and typewriter. During the pa^i
three years ov<>r 40on young men aii<l women have pnrsutHl a course
in the three colleges, and graduates are fully qualified to accept
posiiions of the greatest responsibility, as clerks, book-keep<rs.
casliiei-s, salesmen, stenographers, etc. Instruction is thoiont;h;
pupils are taught iu a clear, direct, and explanatory inaiinrr. Th. ir
mental faculties are aroused to grapple with the problems pn -
.senled, and the results are a thorough knowledge of tlieir I. SKi ns
that could never be acquired in the old-fashioned colleges, w ith llnir
imperfect and obs<dete niethotis. Prof. Caton is the most pI■ogressi^ #•
business educationalist in America to-day. He has solved the pn.b
lem of imparting thorough instruction rapidly, and his groduates
readily find lucrative situations, after studying here for a few nonths.
Ill this ago of steam and steel, the telegraph and telephone, the youl h
who neglects to acquire a business education is bound to go to the
w iill The better trained and more inlelligent man w ill fill his place,
anil it is now llu' iiil- nnd not Ilie .-vreplioii to find all ihe posts of
I.--.I- n-inihi . ii,^:..ri' .if;ii . 1 h- -■ ' >.-'-i; i !■■ i i.v business college gra<]-

,1.; Ill' I!' ' !■ .11 ! ■■ \\ I .'It rollegir best supplies

III- r.. ■■■I'M r'lu' ,.ii">: W " •■; .iii",,ll> MHsw.-r: Tliosc of which

rr..f Calon is pnsid.-nl, viz , tin- ■• Eu.-lid Avenue Business C.dlcge"
of Cleveland, ''Caton's National Business College" of this city, and
"Caton's College of Commerce." of Detroit Students can rely on
making rapid progress, and acquiring the most thorough business
education— one far superior to that afforded elsewhere, yet one ac-
quired at a very moderate price.

JM. pnir I. w; ■' alf Dealer in Coal. Coke. Iron. Lumber.
1 IU I Iron Exchange.— Buffalo's magnificent

, I 111 I' I I'liil shipping facilities, coupled with the

II [i; ji;, I 11 _->■ and enterprise of her leading business
III' II 111, I' I II ,11 11 ' iiiM'ii III her the control of tlie vast coal

I [I I (II, 111,', St. via tile I..akes. Among the repre-

1 I', 111,' I II ■ ,,"l»'sjile dealers in coal, coke, etc.. is Mr.

.1 M Pull v.iiii"iii'' in III.- (.'oal .-ind Iron Exchange. He started
in bnsim-ss h.Ti- U]...!! his own ii,-.-..lint iu 1889, and has achleTe<l a
deserved success. He is a native of Maryland. ,tnd was for a nnin
her of yeai-s a resident of Biiliiinoie. and was for twenty yeai-s agent
and general freight agent of the Northern Central Railway Co. at
that point, whence he entered the service of the Rochester and
Pittsburgh Coal and Iron Co., whose trade he greatly developed, in
creasing their business the first year he was with them 3:1,000 tons
of coal and S-'iLOW in money over sales of previous year, moiln
through the coal firm which represented them. He is a general
wholesale dealer in anthracite and bituminous i-oals, of all sizes and
best grades, coke, pig and bar iron, steel ingots, lumber, etc. Ih-
has made a careful study of the wants and requirements of the
trade, and gives every customer the benefit of lowest quotations on
direct shipments of cmil fi-.nn the mines, of coke from the oven-,
and of lumber nnd timber fr.irn the mills. In lumber he makes a
specialty of high class Pennsylvania hendock. In coal he reprefients
the leading anthracite mines of the Pittston, Wilkesbarre, and Scrait-
ton anthracite region.s. and soft coal from Clarion. Jefferson, Clinton,
and Elk Counties, Pa . and has special facilities for filling the laigest
contract orders for railro.nds and manufactur<>rs. He. with Mr.
P. W. Scribner. of Tonawanda. has perfect dock accommodations at
Tonawanda. on the Niagara River, where they have developed a
flourishing business in the coaling of steamers and tugs. Mr. Drill

is a recognized authority in th*' coal and Iron trades, and is a respon-
sible, energetic, and honorable merchant who has ever retained the
confidence of lending commercial and financial circles.

106

ILLUSTRATED

, ^j^ ^ THE QUEEN

CITYOFTHELAKESb

HWM. DOPP & SON, Manufacturers ot Soap Makers' and
Butchers' Machinery, No. 468 Ellicott Street The repre-
^ sentative and leading house in Buffalo actively engaged in
the manufacture of soap makers' and butchers' ma-
chinery is that of Messrs. H. Wm, Dopp & Son. whose office and
workshop are located at No. 462 Ellicott Street. Mr. H. Wm. Dopp,
who is a thoroughly practical and able machinist, established this

business in IB.'iT. In 187'8 he commenced the manufacture of soap t
ers' apparatus, and eventually in 1881 added butchers' and confec-
tioners' machinery. In 1888 he died, after a successful and honorable
career, and the business is now managed by his son, Mr. Wm. H. Dopp,
who has been brought up in the trade, and who is also a practical chem-
ist. The premises occupied comprise a commodious two story brick
building, 25x65 feet in dimensions, tuUy equipped with modern ma-
chinery, tools, and appliances. Here ten skilled workmen are em-
ployed, and the machineiy is driven by steam power. Messrs. Dopp
manufacture Improved Foot Lever Soap Presses, also H. Wm. Dopp's
Patent Seamless Cast Iron Steam Jacketed Kettle, Improved Render-
ing and Refining Kettles. H. Wm. Dopp s Improved Power Remelting
Crotcher, and Steam Jacketed Vacuum Pans for candy makers' and
confectioners' uses. The H. Wm. Dopp's Improved Power Remelting
Crotcher has an eight-horse power engine attached, furnishing suffi-
cient power to drive a hoist or elevator, and to pump the soap to
the crotcher, besides driving the machine. It can be put up at
almost any place wherever it is most desirable, and dispenses
with all shafting, pulleys and belting for the crotching. This ma-
chine the firm offer at a price within the reach of most every soap
maker, being only a httle more for an eight-horse power engine at-
tached, than the remelting crotcher without the engine. The engine
is well built in all its parts, has a Gardener governor, valves, etc. ; a
driving pulley ten inches in diameter, supplied with a shifter so that
a three and a half or four inch belt may be used to convey power at
will to other machinery while crotching, or vrhde the crotcher is
stopped. All that is necessary is to connect your machine to a
boiler having forty pounds or more of steam, and you can not only
crotch or remelt, but can in addition run your elevatoror soap pump,
or do any work common to a soap factory, or run these while your
crotcher is idle. This machine is guaranteed in every respei-t, and
has reached perfection as a soap remelter, as well as a mixer or
crotcher; and for making cold soaps it is unsurpassed. The soap
remelting crotcher without engine is constructed on modern princi-
ples. It is not approached by any other machine for making soap
by the cold process, remelting and crotching soap scraps, melting
and mixing rosin, rendering tallow, making soapine, oUvine, and for
a soap mixer and crotcher in general. A fine grade of toilet soap,
equal in every respect to milled soap, can be made with the remelt-
ing crotchers in from five to ten hours, and at less than one fourth
the cost of milled soap. These machines and appliances are un-
rivalled for utility, reliability and efficiency, and have no superiors
in this or any other market, while the prices quoted for them are
extremely reasonable. They are general favorites with the trade
wherever introduced, and the sale of them extends not only to all
tie United States and Canad6^ but also to Mexico. South

and Central America, the West Indies, Australia, Europe, Japan,
and China. Mr. Wm. H. Dopp is highly esteemed by the community
for his enterprise and integrity, and is very popular in trade circles

BUFFALO SPECIALTY MANUFACTURING COMPANY, GUver
Cabana, Jr., Treasurer and Manager; Belt Fasteners, Bell
Dressing and Specialties, Nos. 67 and 69 Washington Street.—
The Buffalo Specialty Manufacturing Company is sole manu-
facturer of several articles of great merit, and absolutely essential
to the public in their respeciive lines of usefulness. Mr. Oliver
Cabana, Jr., the principal, stockholder and manager, is one of the
most popular and progressive members of business ciicles, and
about four years ago began the manufacture of his justly celebrated
" Buffalo" belt fasteners, and " Electric" belt dressing. He found
a ready market existing for these invaluable specialties all over
the world, and on his factory being burned out in the Root i Keat-
ing Building, he removed to his present premises. Here he has
added several other specialties to his list, including his "Rapid"
harness menders, which can now be found in nearly every store in
the United States and Canada. His belt fasteners are a necessity
in every factory, and with their use. old, torn, and broken belts can
be patched and mended so as to again become serviceable, and the
company has numerous testimonials as to the immense saving thus
effected in the heavy outlays for belting. The " Rapid" harness
menders embody the same principle, and enable the farmer and
horse owner to instantly repair all broken harness, halters, etc.
These menders should be kept ready for emergency in every buggy-
box and wagon box in the land. The "Banner" harness oil is an
entirely new preparation, a discovery free from all deleterious
ingredients, and effectually softens and waterproofs the leather,
rendering it tough and pliable, and is in fact the most wonderful
leather preservative of the age. It is far superior to neat's foot oil,
and the sales are rapidly extending. We strongly recommend the
jobbing trade to secure sample lots of these goods, which are ready
sellers, profitable and reliable. Mr. Cabana employs six traveling
men, four in the United States, one in Canada, and one in England,
and has established branches of his company in Hamburg, Germany,
and International Bridge, Ontario, and thus covers the trade of both
Canada and Europe. Mr. Cabana is a yonng and enterprising
manufacturer: producing goods nowhere else duplicated, and secur-
ing to Buffalo an important and flourishing industry, and has be-
fore him prospects of the most favorable character.

HD. FOLINSBEE, Real Estate Broker: Office, No. 1 Brown's
Building, Comer Seneca and Main Streets.— The realm of
^ realty and kindred lines is a sphere ot activity engaging
the attention of a number of the most substantial and re-
spected citizens in this community, prominent among whom is H. D.
Folinshee, whose well appointed office is conveniently located at
Room No. 1 Brown's Building, comer Seneca and Main Streets. Mr.
Folinsbee occupies commodious quarters here, with telephone con-
nection (No. 760.1, and has an efficient clerical staff, conducting a
general real estate and insurance brokerage business Mr. Folins-
bee, whose is a gentleman of middle age, was born in Canada, but is
an old and esteemed resident of this city, and any bank in Buffalo
will attest to bis responsibiUty. He is a man of entire probity of
character, as well as energy, sagacity, and thorough experience in
the handling of realty and risks, and is president ot the Real Estate
and Brokerage Board, to which office he was elected last year. This
well known and responsible agency was established in 1878 by Messrs.
J. E. Folinsbee and James O'Neill, who were succeeded in 1881 by
J. E. & H. D, Folinsbee, under whose joint management it was con-
ducted up to 1887, when the last named gentleman assumed sole con-
trol and has since continued the business alone with tminterrupted
prosperity. Mr. PoUnsbee buys, sells, and exchanges city and subur-
ban property of every description, on commission, giving personal
attention to the collection of rents, and the management of estates.
Insurance is also effected in responsible fire companies at current
rates, exceptional facilities are possessed for placing large lines.
Loans are negotiated also, and investments desirably placed, while
appraisements are made for intending purchasers, and tares, etc..
paid for non-residents: and all interests entrosted to this gentleman
are certain to be handled in a manner to satisfy the most exacting.

ILLUSTRATED

^xBuFFALOji^f.

JS. MOORE, General Insurance ABUuey, Acadumy of Music
Building —Reliable insurance compoDivs arc; always found
to be represented by reliable men, and reliable insurance
agents will not represent other than flrst-class companies.
When, therefore, it is stated that for the past sixteen years Mr. J.
S. Moore has been actively engaged in the insurance business in the
city of Buffalo, during which perioil of time ho has acquired the
esteem, respect, and confidence of the business men and the public
in general, that statement is as much an encomium on Mr. Moore's
enterprise and Integrity as it is an indorsement of the relLibility i>r
the companies for which he is the local representative. This gentle
man has been a resident of Buffalo since ISfiO, and, as ah-eody staled,
established his present business in ISTI. For the post seven years
his odlces have been located on Uie second Door of the Academy of
Music, in the heart of the business centre of the city. These are two
in number, are large, airy, cheerful, and well-lighted, handsomely
furnished and fitted tliroughout, presenting to those who enter them
the appearance of a leading banking institution. The apartments
reserved for the use of the clerks are railed off and screened from
the view of the public, while that appropriated to the use of the
latter is commodious and well adapted to the transaction of the
business of the house, with its very large number of patrons. A large
and efficient staff of clerks, book-keepers, stenographers, and
others are employed in the carrying on of one of the largest insur-
ance business iu the state, which covers all western New York, and
extends into I lie adjoining states. The principal companies repre-
sented by Mr. .Moore are the Liberty Insurance Company of New
York City, California Insurance Company of San Francisco, Ameri-
can Insurance Company of Newark, N. J.; Farmers' Fir-e Insur-
ance Company of Y'orU, Pa.; Girard Fire Insurance Company of
Fbiladelphia, Pa.; New Y'ork Fire Insurance Company of New Y'ork
City ; German Fire Insurance Company of Pittsburgh, Pa. ; Pruden-
tial Insurance Company of Boston. Mass.; etc. In addition to his
agency business, Mr. Moore is also an ailjustcr of insurance loss, a
task for which his wide knowledge of the subjects involved and his
long experience eminently qualify him. His services in thiscapacity
are much sought for by .ill the leading companies, not only in his
own district, but also in the entirety of the state of New Y'ork and
many adjoining states. His decisions are invariably characterized
by a keen discernment and able judgment, and iu most cases are
accepted by all concerned as those of on experienced, upright, and
reliable man. Mr. Moore is a leading citizen of Buffalo, deeply in-
terested in oil that affects its welfare, and is very popular with ami
much esteemed by all classes.

JD. JOCOY', Dealer in Groceries and Provisions, Oats and
Feed, Baled Hay and Straw; Agent for National Fire In-
^ surance and Union Insurance Companies, No. '185 South
Division Street, Corner Spring.— It judicious enterprise and
energetic management are a guarantee of success, no liouse bos a
more brilliant prospect in Buffalo than that of Mr. J. D. Jocoy,
dealer in groceries and provisions, and insurance agent. It was
established by Mr. Sandford Stewart in 1878, tlie present proprietor
succeeding to the business in 1880. The premises occupied are situ-
.ited at No. 4S5 South Division Street, on the corner of Spring Street,
and consist of a twostory frame building, iixla feet in dimensions,
well fitted up throughout, and handsomely furnished. A large and
well assorted stock is constantly on hanil, consisting of choice fancy
and staple groceries, country produce, and provisions, flour, feed,
oats, baled hay and straw, etc., etc. A .specialty is made of the
flnest grades of fresh crop teas, China and Japan, fragrant Mocha,
Java, and Rio coffjes, and particulaily of ch-iice. fresh dairy butter
and new laid eggs. Mr. Jocoy is daily in receipt of the choicest
country produce, which he is enabled to place before his patrons at
very moderate rates. The trade done is extensive, and delivery
wagons carry goods to any part of the city free of charge. Mr.
.locoy is also agent for the National Fire Insurance and the Union
Insurance Companies, and h:;s made a valuable cla.ss of customers
in this line. He is a native of East Aurora, .and removed to Buffalo
at an early age. For two years he was employe<l as shipping clerk
in the large and well-known furniture manufactory of Messrs. A.
Cutler & Son. He is energetic, ambitious, and pushing, uniformly
courteous of demeanor, and has made hosts of friends, who rejoice
with him in his success.

SIDNEY SIIEPARD & CO., Proprietors of the Buffalo Stamping
Works, Manufacturers of Stamped, Pieced, and Japanni.-d Tin-
ware and other Sheet Metal Goods; Dealers In Tinmen's Sup.
plies and Ilousekc<'ping Hardware, Nos. 145, 147, 149 Seneca
Street. — The stamped tinware and ironware trade, as is now diu-
tincily known, has for several years l>een an Interesting and im-
portant specialty, and is surpassed by few branches of the general
hardware trade. The mere enumeration of the articles which go to
make up the trade would fill several columns, while the styles aufl
varieties of stamped ware are constantly increasing. In referring to
this useful industry we have particidar occasion to note the repre-
sentative and reliable firm of Messrs. Sidney Shepard & Co., propri-
etors of the Buffalo Stamping Works, and manufacturersof stamped,
pieced, and japanned tinware and other sheet metal goods, whose
offices and salesrooms are located at Nos. 1 15 to 149 Seneca Street.
This extensive business was established in 18.!(J. The premises occu-
pied for warehouse purposes comprise a spacious and substantial
building, having a frontage of sixty feet on both Seneca and Car-
roll Streets, by a depth of 103 feet, the structure being four stories
on the former and five stories on the latter. Here they keep an im-
mense stock of tinware, tinmen's supplies, and housekeeping hard-
ware, which are unrivalled for quality, finish, and reliability, and
have no superiors iu this or any other market. The two factories on
Clinton Street are fully equipped with the latest improved toobi, ma-
chinery, and appliances. Much of the machinery was specioUy de-
signed, and is covered by patents held by the firm. The equipment is
valued at several hundred thousand dollars, iu addition to which the
house commands ample resources, and is sound and responsible in
every respect. The fii-m employ in tlieir factories 500 skilled hands,
and theii- trade extends not only throughout the entire United States
and Canada, but also to tiie West Indies, South America, etc The
firm's branch house is in Chicago, Nos. 23 and 25 Randolph Street.
Here is done a very extensive business, and the sales are rapidly in-
creasing, owing to the superiority and intrinsic merits of its produc-
tions. The firm employ fifteen traveling salesmen in Chicago, and ten
in Buffalo. The partners are all natives of Buffalo, w here they are
highly esteemed in trode circles for their integrity and enterprise,
justly meriting the abundant success secured in this important in-
dustr}'. This responsible house is an important acquisition to Buffalo
by virtue of the large number of operatives employed, and also iu the
strictly honorable manner in which all its operations are conducted.

HJ1ESSER.SJIITH, Dealer in Caipets, Pnrlor and Chamber
Suites, General House Furnishing Goods, Stoves, Ranges.
, Etc., Nos. 300 to 3-,'0 Michigan Street.- Tlie furniture trade
of Buffalo, like cveiy other staple branch of commerce,
comprises every class of dealer, with corresponding ratios of value
and excellence. As in everything else, so in furniture, it always paj s
to get the best. An establishment which stands in the front line of
the furniture trade in the Queen City of the Lakes is that of Mr. 11.
Messersmith, whose salesrooms are located at Nos. 306 to 320 Michi-
gan Street. This business was established in 1873 by Kuhnhold
Bros., who were succeeded in 1883 by the present proprietor, who
purchoseil their Patent Spring Bed Works on Broadway, and eventu-
ally went into the furniture business. The premises oecupied com-
prise eight store rooms. The show rooms consist of three tloors.
each COxl'.'O feet in dimensions, and give a floor area of I'i.OOO squan-
feet. The establislirtient is equipped with elevator, electric lights,
etc., and contains an immense stock of superior dining room, parlor,
chamber, and kitchen furniture, carpets, oil cloths, rugs, general
house furnishing goods, stoves, ranges, beds, bedding, etc. Jlr.
Messeisriiiih handles only the most desirable and relioble goods, and
quotes prices very difficult to be duplicated elsewhere. He promptly
furnishes estimates for the entire fur-nishing of flats, houses, ete..
which can be paid for weekly or monthly on the instalment plarr
Tweirty -eight persons are employed in the establishment, and ii*
trade extends throughout all sections of Buffalo aiul its vicinity.
The annual transactions of this house now amourrt to upwards oi'
8140,000, and its business is still steadily increasing. A specialty is
made of patent spring folding beds, which Irave no superiors in the
market, and are uirrivalled for comfort, durability, and excellei'ce.
Jlr. Messersmith was born in Williamsville. New York, but has resided
in Buffalo for the last eighteen years, where he is grvatly respected
by the commiirrity for his enterprise and sterling integrity. He is an
active competitor for business, and is lery iropular in trade circles

ILLUSTRATED

10«

#xl5UFFAL0A>

HH. JAMES. Diamond Expert and High Grade Watch Special-
ist, No. 6 East Eagle Street.— One ot the most attractive
stores in the city of Buffalo is that of Mr. H. H. James,
diamond expert and high grade watch specialist, located
at No. 6 East Eagle Street, near Main. It is richly and tastefully
fitted up and furnished, and nothing has been left undone to
exhibit to the best advantage the splendid stock which is here
carried. This house was established in 1888 by Mr. James, and
from the start the superior quality ot the goods offered as well
as the fine business tact and enterprise of the proprietors made
it a favoi-ite with the public. The patronage it then secured has
been extended, until now it is one of the largest and most influ-
ential in the city. A full and complete line of the finest gold and
silver watches, precious stones and jewelry of all descriptions from
the most renowned houses in the world is constantly on hand, and
there is nothing which is usually to be found in first-class houses of
the kind that cannot here be purchased. A staff of polite and atten-
tentive assistants are employed attending to the wants of customers.
and no trouble or pains are spared to give complete satisfaction to
all. A specialty, and one for which this house has the exclusive
privilege in Buffalo, is the sale of gold watches on the Tontine co-
operative payment plan, which offers to purchasers unequalled
advantages, whereby a $40 watch can be secured for $10 as the low-
est figure, and $:iO as the highest, in a period of time not exceeding
five weeks, according to the cla.ss of members in which the cus-
tomer is enrolled. No stockholder under this system pays more
than spot cash value, while on the other hand through many specu-
lative advantages he is apt to get a valuable watch at a price far be-
low its actual cost. This system, the inventic n of Mr. E. M. Kenyon,
of Chicago, is protected by 15 copyrights, and under it already over
twenty clubs have been formed in this state. Mr. James is also a
high grade watch specialist, and his watch and jewelry repairing
department is second to none. Practical and experienced watch-
makers are employed, and prompt attention is given to all work en-
trusted to them, while prices charged are extremely moderate. Mr.
James is a native of Phelps, Ontario Coimty, in this state, and was
for many years in the employ of such well known houses as that of
G. G. Castle, and of Castle & Eckert, as a watchmaker. He is skilled
ill all the intricacies ot the art, and gives his personal supervision to
all work done.

IRISH & ENGLISH, Mammoth Furniture, Carpet, House-furnish
ing and Bedding Emporium, Nos. 303, 305, and 307 Washington
Street.— Buffalo has numerous representative establishments.
but none that are of a more creditable or of a more useful char-
acter than the Mammoth Furniture, House-furnishing, and Bedding
Emporium of Messrs. Irish & English, Nos. 303, 305, and 307 Wash-
ington Street, two of the most popular and progressive merchants
of this city. This is an instance of the rapid growth of a business
from small beginnings, because conducted on the basis of handling
the best goods only, and at prices which have never been duplicated
elsewhere. Mr. Charles G. Irish founded the house in 1857, and was
succeeded by the present firm in 1876, composed of Mr. John P.
Irish, his son, and Mr. Henry English, a native of Connecticut, resi-
dent here for upwards ot twenty-five years, and universally re-
spected. Mr. Irish is a native Buffalonian, and a popular, esteemed.
public-spirited citizen and philanthropist. He is a trustee of the
Bootblacks' Home, and a member ot the Board of Trade. He is
also a member ot the Masonic order, etc , and has a very wide, in-
fluential connection. The present itnmense building ot the firm was
erected to meet the growing requirements of their trade, and is four
stories and basement in height, and 75x100 feet in dimensions. It is
most handsomely and completely equipped, and has all the modem
improvements, including steam heat, one safety passenger elevator,
etc. The firm are manufacturers of fine parlor and library fumi
ture, and they also deal generally in full lines of all descriptions ot
staple and fancy furniture, house-furnishing goods, carpets, bed-
ding, etc. Quality has ever been their first consideration, and no-
where in Western New York can such an immense or desirable
a stock to select from be found. Goods are sold cheaper here than
anywhere else, and invariably afford the utmost satisfaction. To
those who desire easy terms, and to at once secure the use and ben-
efit of a purchase, the firm arrange for small instalment payments.
Since lfl83, when they began this system, they have developed the
largest furniture trade in Buffalo. They make am.igiiifliviu (li.<pl:iv

in their warerooms, giving the purchaser a choice from fifty or
more different styles ot parlor and bedroom sets, dining-room, libra-
ry, and other outfits, besides hundreds ot single articles, fancy
chairs, tables, stands, cabinets, ornaments, etc The firm are doing
such an enormous trade as to be enabled to quote lower prices than
ever, while, as is so well and widely known, they are liberal and hon-
orable in method, never hurry instalments, and in every way seek
to benefit the public, and give them the best faciUties obtainable in
the United States.

HOTEL BROEZEL, Wells, Seneca and Carroll Streets; B. L.
Sheldon & Son, Proprietors.— The city of Buffalo is to be
congratulated upon having such an excellent and strictly
high-class hotel as " The Broezel," which is one ot the most
modern and popular houses in town, with superior cuisine and a
service equal to any in the state. The Hotel Broezel is eligibly lo-
cated on Wells. Seneca, and Carroll Streets, the main entrance being
on Wells Street. The original Broezel Hotel was erected in 1878,
and formed a pait ot the Broezel Estate. This building was de-
stroyed by fire, February 2d, 1889, and the executors immediately
erected the present first-class building, sparing no expense to make
it one of the finest and most complete in the city. The Broezel is
five stories high, 166!^xl73 feet in area, and contains 175 rooms
available tor guests. It has three spacious staircases, and contains
all modern improvements, including steam heat, electric lights,
safety passenger elevator, electric bells, barber shop, billiard room,
etc. On the first floor are the general and private cfflces, dining-
room, bar, billiard room, etc. The wainscoting is of Tennessee
marble, the floor of white marble, and the woodwork of polished
imported oak. The ladies' parlors are commodious and elegantly
furnished; the dining-room is spacious, light and airy, and there
are sixty rooms with bath-rooms. The Broezel is conducted on
the popular American plan, and its rates vary from $2.50 to
$4.00 a day, according to room and location. These rates are
remarkably reasonable, when the superiority ot the accommoda-
tions and the exceptionally high standard ot the cuisine are taken
into consideration. This has always been a special feature with
Messrs. B. L. Sheldon & Son, the proprietors, who are judicious
and enterprising purveyors. They are noted for having at all
times the choicest and best in the market on the table, and plen-
ty of it; while a distinguishetl chef and competent assistants are
employed. No odor of cooking or laundry work can ever reach
guests, and the construction of the house renders it absolutely fire-
proof. Messrs. B. L. and M. B. Sheldon opened the Broezel March
31st, 1890, and already have achieved a marked success. Both
father and son are natives ot Rochester, N. Y. They are highly
esteemed by the community tor their kind and courteous manners
and sterling integrity, and guests having once stopped at the Broezel
are sure to return when revisiting Buffalo.

JACOB P-\ULY, Dealer in Coal and Wood, No. 453 Broadway.—
Mr. Pauly is anative of Germany and has been a resident of
the United States smce 1849, and the greater portion of the
time of this city. He is a practical blacksmith by trade, and
tor many years was engaged in that business, which he relinquished
in 1889 and purchased tliis old and well known establishment from
Mr. John Falk, and under his enterprising direction the business has
grown quite perceptibly in volume and influence. The premises
occupied are spacious and commodious, appropriately fitted tip and
equipped with every facility, such as ample office room, shedding,
coal pockets, standard scales, screens, delivery wagons, etc. A full
and complete stockis constantly carried of the very best varieties of
anthracite coal received direct in the cleanest condition from the
most famous mines in the Schuylkill, Lykens, Lehigh, Wyoming, and
Lackawanna valleys in Pennsylvania, also the choicest of bitumin-
ous coal from the best producing regions in that state. The coal
handled here is thoroughly freed from culm and slate, sold at lowest
market prices, and full weight is guaranteed. His stock ot wood
comprises thoroughly seasoned body hickory, oak, maple, beech,
birch, and other hard varieties, also hemlock, spruce, and yellow
pine for kindling. He has unsurpassed facilities for meeting all de-
mands satisfactorily, and is prepared to furnish all orders promptly
either in ton or car load lots in the best condition. Mr. Pauly is an
energetic, wide awake, and pleasant gentleman, prompt. reUable,
and honorable in all his dealings, and is a highly respected i
.if llie Cnnl F.xobiinge of this city.

LLUSTRATED

^.Swfalojc

THE avCEN
CITY or THE LAKES.

HUME & SANFOKP, Keal Estate and Insurance Agents, No. 1«
West Sniin Street.— No flim engUBeil in the lianillinK of
realty and the placlnR of risks on property in Buffalo Is
more widely or more favorably known tliiin that of Hume i
Saufonl, whose ofllce is located at No. 1« West Swan Street This
is the third oldest as well as one of the very len.liuK and most rella
l)le real estate agencies in the city, and tor upward of a quarter of
■a century has been steadily increasing in popularity and patronage.
It was established in is&l by Messi-s. J. Hume and James W. San-
fonl, and by these gentlemen the business was conducted up to

about one year ago.

i removed by death

, Charles L. (im-ney, formerly clerk in the office, became a
partner, the old Hrm nauu-, however, being still lelained. They oc-
cupy commodious quarters ..n the first floor of the Coit Block, with
ample and complete facilities, including teleph.me connection (No.
715), and are assisted by an efficient clerical staff, the principals
themselves exercising close personal snp.-rvisioii over everj- detail.
A general real estate business is carried on here, cily and suburban
property of every description being iKiught and sold; and rents are
collected, likewise, and estates judiciously nuinaged. particular at-
tention being given to the payments of taxes, etc.. f oi' nonresidents.
They are offering a number of choice building lots at exceeilingly
liberal terms, alst> on time payments, and are prepared to place in-
-vestmenta on good security, while loans and mortgiiees are nego-
tiated. Insurance is effected in first-class Are companies, too, at
lowest rates, the firm representing the Williainsburgh City Fire In-
surance Company of Brooklyn, and the Firemen's Fire Insurance
Company of Newark; and, altogether, a flourishing business is
transacted. Mr. Sanford, who is a gentleman of middle age, was
born in Columbia County. N. Y., but has resided in Buffalo since
1&40; and Mr. Gurney, who is a comparatively young man, is a na-
tive of ihis city. They are both men of the highest integrity, as
well as of energy and thorough experience in the domnin of realty
and risks, and arc prominent members of the Fire Underwriters'
\!wociation.

J J. WHITE, General Commission .Merchant and Wholesale
Dealer in Fruits and Produce of All Kinds. No G8 West Mar
kct Street, and Nos. 179 to 181 Perry Street.— To few young
men is it given to build up in the incredibly short space of
nine years such a business as is transacte<l by the well known houFc
■of J. J. White, general commission merchant and wholesalt dealer
in fruits and produce of all kinds. Established ia 1881. this house has
since its inception taken a prominent position among the wholesale
establishments of the city, and enjoys today as extensive a trade as
the oldest of its competitors. The premises occupied by this flourish-
ing concern are situated at Nos. 1T9 and 181 Perry Street and com-
prise the entire building, having an area of 25x118 feet. This is the
building originally occupied when the business wes first started,
.and owing to the large proportions to which that business has

grown, it has become necessary

for Mr. White to replace it by

_ larger and more imposing structure, which will be erected
witbin a few months The new building will be fitted up with
the most modem devices for the careful handling of the large
stock, including a cold storage warehoiLse for the preservation of
the choice products which Mr. White has constantly on band. A
liberal and permanent patronage with jobbers in all sections of the
-country has been built up. and the vast shipping and transportation
facilities afforded by the numerous trunk and branch lines of railway
centring in Buffalo are fully taken advantage of. to the great benefit
of the dealers who place their orders with this firm, and aU producers
and shippers can rely on having their goods promptly disposed of to
the best advantage and an immediate account of sales rendered. A
general wholesale commLssion business is carried on, and Mr. White
has a well estabUshed reputation as a responsible and successful mer-
ehant who does the best he can for every consignment. He deals
largely in fruits by the car-lot, a branch of the trade to which especial
care is given, and consignments are daily received from all points,
not only in the surrounding districts, but also from the Southern and
Western States. Many leading fruit growers consign almost exclu-
sively to this bouse, where their interests are so careftOly looked
after. The trade, » bich is exclusively wholesale, extends to all parts
of the country, and in 1889 reached the handsome figure of $160,00 '.
Mr. White is an active and enterprising young businessman, who lixs
attained his present high standing in trade circles through his own

endeavors and progressive spirit, and whose success is a source of
much gratification to his large circle of friends and admirers. He be
longs to the Buffalo I'nKkice Exchange, of which be is an octlve and
popular member.

THE MASSACiiusii'rrs mutual ufe insuiiance com-
pany, C. B. Ili-trieh, Agent, No. 12 Law Exchange.- This
company is by common consent one of the most ably-man-
aged, as it is also one of the most solid and successful of the
kind in the United Slates, and occupies a niche in popular esteem
entirely its own. The " Mossucliusetts Mutual " was organized and
commenced business in 1851, and the history of the institution dur-
ing the thirty-nine years interim has been marked by steady pro
gress; and, unless all signs fall, its popularity and prosperity are
bound to increase and endure. The ri-port of the condition of the
association for year ending Dec. 31, 1889, shows the growth of the
business to have been exceptionally large, being altogether the most
prosperous year since its organization, while the investments are of
a highly satisfactory character, and the vulues placed on the same
will, upon examination, be found to be conservative. The amount
of new insurance written was three milhons greater than ever be-
fore issued in anj' one year by the company, and they are now writ-
ing double the business they were four years ago. And while new
business is expensive, and especially so when competition is active,
it is gratifying to notice that notwitlistanding (he large amount of
new insurance placed on the books during the year, the expense
ratio is less than tor the year 1SS8. Every poUcy written by this
compan3' is simple, concise, and extremely liberal in its nature, be-
ing unsurpassed in these respects, and all policies now Issued become,
by their terms, substantially free from conditions, except as to pre-
mium payments, after being two years in force, and they carry with
them all of the benefits of the Massachusetts cash and paid-up value
law. Amid the prevailing tendency toward unusual and complicated
forms of life insurance contracts, wliich in many cases are urged
upon the insurer, accompanied by extravagant estimates of results
to be attained in the distant future, they have chosen to adhere to
the plain and easily nndetstood contracts, free from speculative or
doubtful features. The Buffalo office, which has been established
some thirty years, has been under the efficient management of
Mr. Hetrich since, who controls within his territory the entire state
west of Syracuse. BIr. Hetrich, who is a gentleman of about forty,
bom in Pennsylvania, is a man of thorough experience as well as
energy and excellent business ability, and for ton years represented
the company in eastern Pennsylvania.

J J. WOLF & CO., Dealers in Hardware, Stoves and Ranges,
Cutlery, Tinware, Lamps, Etc., No. 790 Broad way .—The vast
^ variety of implements and articles that are classed under the
term general hardware renders the trade of the greatest im
portance in every community, and more especially in the larger cities
and business centres. A jirominent, prosperous, and representative
house engaged in this and kindred branches of trade in Buffalo, deserv-
ing of more than passing mention and maintainmg an excellent repu-
tation for handling the be.st class of goods and for reliable, straight-
forward dealings, is that of Messrs. J. J. Wolf & Co. The premises
utilized are of ample dimensions, compactly arranged and very
neatly appointed, having everj- faciUty at hand for the successful
prosecution of the trade. The stock carried partakes of so useful a
character as to claim particular attention and general patronage. It
embraces everything known to the trade under the term general hard
ware, such as contractors', buUders' blacksmiths' and wheelwrights'
shelf and heavy supplies, hardware, mechanics' and artists' tools, farm
and garden implements, pocket and table cutlery, saddlers', hamess-
and shoe-makers' findings and materials, merchant iron and cast steel,
household goods, culinary articles, hollow, tin, copper, and sheet iron
ware, white lead, zinc, paints, oils, window ghissi, painters' and gUiziers'
supplies, lamps, and lamp goods, laimdry implements, etc. They also
carry a full and complete assortment of the latest and most improved
patterns of heating and cooking stoves, ranges, heaters, furnaces, gas
and oil stoves and their fittings. The entire stock has been selected
from among the productions of the best makers in the world, and the
prices are uniformly very low and reasonable. .Messrs. Wolf and
Hirizel are polite, pleasant, and enterprising business men, prompt
honorable, and reliable, and very highly respected by their fellow
citizens. Mr. Wolf Ls an active member of the Catholic Mutual Benefit
Association, .and Mr. Iliruel Ls a member of the Catholic Knights.

ILLUSTRATED

yPFALOA

THE QUEEN
CITY OF THE LAKES,

PALACE STABLE, W. J. Hovey, Piopiietor, Nos. 104, 106, and
IDS East Eagle Street.— One of the best equipped and most
centrally located boarding and livery stables in Buffalo is that
known as the Palace, of which Mr. W.J. Hovey is the proprie-
tor. This gentleman was for six years engaged in a similar business
at Salamanca, Cattaraugus Co., and in 1889 removed to this city.
During six months he acted as assistant in the large and well known
sales stables of Mr. George W. Daniels, and in April, 1890, he pur-
chased his present establishment. It is situated at Nos. 104, 106, and
108 East Eagle Street, and comprises a two-story substantial struct"
ure, 125x30 feet in dimensions, together with a spacious wagon house
having an area of 25x100 feet. These premises are finely equipped
with all the latest improved stable fixtures, fitted up at gi-eat
expense, and nothing has been omitted that can in any way
tend to increase the comfort and proper care of the fine stock they
shelter. Superior stalls are provided for fifty horses, and a staff of
five experienced assistants is employed in looking after the animals
inti-usted to the house. Mr. Hovey's long and wide experience in
the handling of valuable horses is of incalculable service to his
numerous patrons, while the prices charged for board and attend-
ance are exti'emely moderate. A livery business is also conducted,
some ten fine animals being owned by the concern, as well as many
elegant and first-class rigs, which are rented out at very reasonable
rates. These turnouts are not surpassed for style and excellence by
those of any other establishment, and are easily lecognized on our
streets by their fine appearance and the superior quality of their
whole equipment. The stables are kept open at all hours, and orders
are promptly attended to at whatever hour received, whether by day
or night. They are connected with the telephone system of the city,
and orders transmitted by that means (call 1591) are immediately
responded to. A special feature is made of supplying carriages for
funerals, weddings, christenings, etc., and none but the most skilful
and respectful drivers are intrusted with the turnouts of this house.
In the short time that Mr. Hovey has been before the public as an
aspirant for patronage, he has, by his eminent fitness for the conduct
of this class of business, and the thorough knowledge he has dis-
played of all that pertains to horseflesh, established a reputation of
the most enviable kind. He is a progressive member of the Livery-
men's Association, in the welfare of which he takes a deep interest.
Mr. Hovey was born in Eden, N. Y., and by his enterprise and fine
business qualifications has gained a well-merited popularity with his
large and steadily growing patronage.

HENRYE. SMITH&CO., Shippers of Anthracite and Bituminous
Coal, No 23 West Swan Street.— To say that the coal trade
of Buffalo is something immense, hardly conveys the idea of
its magnitude. The growth and development of this vast
interest here during the past decade or two is probably unprece-
dented in the history of any city in the country, this being to-day
the greatest centre for coal traffic in the world. Among the repre-
sentative merchants contributing to the general commercial activity
in the line indicated there are none more -worthy of note in the
present review than Henry E. Smith & Co., whose office is located
at No. 23 West Swan Street, Chapin Block. They are shippers of
and wholesale dealers in anthracite and bituminous coal of all
kinds, doing a large retail trade also, and, altogether, their business
is of a most substantial character, handling in season from 1000 to
1800 tons per week. The firm receive direct from the ntines, and
have capacious yards on the corner of Louisiana and Scott Streets,
with ample railroad sidings on Erie and Lehigh Valley railroads,
and ship extensively to Canadian points and all the lake ports. A
carefully assorted and first class stock of hard and soft coal, all
thoroughly screened, is constantly carried on hand here, and a
large force of help is regularly employed, while several carts de-
liver to all parts of the city and suburbs. Bottom prices always
prevail, and customers are assured of getting standard weight as
well as an excellent article in every instance, quantity and quality
being giiaranteed ; and all orders, wholesale and retail, receive im-
mediate attention. This flourishing business was established in
1886 by the present senior member, who conducted the same alone
up to about two years ago, when he associated with him in part^
nership Thos. C. Pears, and under their joint management it has
Iwen continued with increa.sed success. Messrs. Smith and Pears,
who are natives respectively of this city and Pittsburgh, are men of
energy and sagncity, thoroughly <-onvei-fiant with the trade, and are
prominent members of the Anthracite Coal Exch.inge.

PEBY. U. S. Bounty and Pension Attorney, Nos. 360 and SO*
Main Street.— Probably no country in the world has shown
^ so much grateful care for her disahleil soldiers and sailors-
as the United States, as is shown by the ample provision
made and sustained by Congress for their benefit. Among the
prominentBuffalo houses who attend to the necessaiy and important
business of pressing claims of vetej-ans before the authorities of the
Pension Office, no one is more -worthy of special record than that of
Mr. P. Eby. This gentleman has had nearly thirty years' experience
in the presentation of bounty and pension claims, and has proved
his ability and skill by the great success which has uniformly at-
tended his practice. He is thoroughly versed in all the many de-
tails which form a constituent part of the business of securing
prompt attention to the legitimate demands of these faithful ser-
vants of their country, and enjoys a high and wide reputation for
his promptness, exhaustive knowledge, and perfect reliabilitdy an
skill in every branch of this profession. Mr. Eby is most favorably
known in Washington by the heads of the departments and is
very active and busy, respected alike for capacity and manageri.-il
expertness, as well as for unquestioned integrity and probity. Mr.
Eby is a Canadian by birth, and has now resided in Buffalo since
18S8. As an appendage to his general professional avocation he is
also an expert conveyancer and notary public, using both English
and German m his profession, and enjoys the confidence and esteem
of all the many who know him. -

GERMAN ROCK ASPHALT AND CEMENT COMPANY CLimit-
ed). Comer Eagle and Pearl Streets.— A representative and
one of the most important concerns of the kind in this section
of western New York, actively engaged in the manufacture of
German rock asphalt and cement, is that known as the German
Rock Asphalt and Cement Company, whose office in Buffalo is
located at No. 14 Kremlin Hall, corner Eagle and Pearl Streets. This
company was incorporated in 1888. under the laws of New York,
and its trade now extends throughout all sections of New York,
Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Canada. The company's yards, etc., are
situated at the foot of Maryland Street. The company imports
German rock asphalt and cement, and lays down watertight floors
for streets, breweries, ice houses, stables, sidewalks, distilleries,
hospitals, docks, cellars, malt houses, yards, roofs, factories, etc.
The floors laid with the company's asphalt and cement, are ac-
knowledged by all to be far superior to any other, as they are abso-
lutely impervious to water, and wear longer than any other simil.-ir
flooring. The company warrants its work for five to ten years,
and promptly furnishes prices and drawings of mosaic marble
floors. It was awarded the highest premium at Pennsylvania State
Fair in 1888, for laying and building in concrete and artificial stone.
The company are also agents for Jenkins's MetaJithic. The follow-
ing gentlemen, who are widely known in Buffalo's business circles
for their enterprise and just methods, are the officers -viz.: Chas. E.
Williams, president; Albert J. Hoffmeyer, vice president; Frank L.
Bapst, treasurer; John Seibert, Jr., manager. The company em-
ploys l.'iO workmen, and its telephone call is No. 146-0.

SPASN & CHANDLER, Grain and Commission Merchants, No.
27 Board of Tiade Building.— The importance of Buffalo as a
distributing point for grain to the eastern markets has pro-
duced a great increase in late years in the number of young
and enterprising houses who make a specially of receiving and for-
warding on commission. Among the most enterprising of these ad-
ditions to the commercial ranks of this community is the well
known firm of Messrs. Spann and Chandler, founded in 1882 by Sir.
O. G. Spann & W. F. Chandler. Their offices were at first located
on the Central Wharf, but in 1883 lliey followeil the exodus of grain
men from that locality, and r.'iii..>' 1 i- 'i- T^^.irJof Trade Build-
ing on Seneca Street, where tin > .1 I i-iipied Room No. ST.
From the start the house n-.-r,. .: ,, i i.tronage, which has •
ever since been on the iucreasr. ;,r .1 a lii> lii- )"iili large and influen-
tial. The business done is exchisivi-ly a commission one, the hand-
ling of barley being made a specialty of. Consignments are solicited,
and consignors can feel assured from the -well established reputa-
tion this firm enjoys, locally and elsewhere, that their interests -n ill
be most carefully looked after. Mr. Spann is a na-m- f itii, <-a .
while Mr. Chandler -n-as born at Hanilmrg, Erit- (HI ' ■ '
came to Buffalo in 1^:3. Both are menibersof i li v, , :, , ,! ! -:
change, and are popular with all tho.'ifwilh whom t'- , I. . .._

ILLUSTRATED

^%BVFFAL05I^;

AB. CH^VNDALL & CO., Commission Dealers In IIorKcs nnd
Mules, Combinutlon Sale SUililes ndJoiniiiK Cnuidoll House.
East Buffalo —If there is one s.'ctiou of the " Queen City of
the Loke.s" that shows preiiter evidences of the onwani
march and Rrowlh of conimeji-lal and nmterial interests than another
that section is East Buffalo, where is located the seeimd larpest stock
yards in the United States, and where is heini? rapidly developed the
most important and extensive horse market in the conol ry. This tact
is to be attribute*! to the wideawake watchfulness, tact, shrewdness;,
and business assiduity of the commission dealers iu horses who have
made their names known far imd wide and gahied a reputation for
business octivity and iwmmcrciol honor of which they may pardon-
ably feel proud. Among such, stands out in hold prominence (he
highly trustworthy firm of Messrs. A. B. Craudall & Co , whose com-
bination sale stables adjoin tho Crandall House, and who annually
dispose of very larvre nuiuliers of horses and mules for every purpose
of use. This business was founded some ye.irs ago. and passed, in
ISSO, into the hands of the present proprietors, Jlessrs. .\. D. Cronk
and A. B. Crandall. two of tho best known and most highly esteemed
horse traders in the northwesu-rn part of the Empire State. Their
premises comprise a tw&story bam. .10x400 feet in area, and this has
stalls tor ei;;hty horses. It is well equipped and drahied, thoroughly
ventilated, and provided with all modern conveniences An exten-
sive additional stable is now being erected, and when this is completed
the firm will liave the most ample and excellent accommodation for
.VX) horses or more. The Arm have also recently laid out a one-third
mile of track for the accommodation of their friends. Around this
track is a feucv nine feet high, and in the centre of the track the firm
have decided to erect a pavilion tor the sale of horses by auction
The Arm receive consignments of horses and mules from all the great
agricultural si>ctions of the country, and give careful attention to the
selection of their stock. In addition to tlieir extensive trade among
merch,-mts, manufactiu^rs, etc., the firm supply street car railway
companies, not only in Buffalo, but also in Rochester, Cleveland.
Utica, etc. Liberal advances are made on consignments of horses
and mules when desired. Auction sales are held every Monday.
Thursday, and Saturday, and good prices are always realized for flrsf
cla-ss animals. The transactions of this concern in horseflesh are
immense, and still growing. Their sales amount to over $100,000
monthly, and the reputation of the members of the firm Ls an honora-
ble one, and widespread. No man hereabouts is better known or
more highly est<!emed as a trustworthy, responsible busine.'ss man
than Mr. Asa B. Crandall, who is the proprietor of the popular hos-
teh-y, the Crandall House. He is a native of Portland, N. Y. Mr. A.
D. Cronk is also a native of the Empire State, a thorough and ex-
perienced horseman, and was formerly in the same line of business in
Kansas City. In addition to handling horses and mules on commis-
sion, the firm are al'=o the agents tor the Burton Stock Car Company.

WILLIAM H. BORK, Bookbinder and Envelope Manufac-
turer, Nos. 303 and 265 Washington Street -The oldest
established and one of the most reliable concerns in
Buffalo, engaged in bookbinding and the manufactiu'e of
envelopes, is that of Mr William H. Bort, whose office and work-
rooms are N^cated at Xos. 2C3 and 205 Washington Street. This busi-
ness was founded forty years ago by M. Knauert, who in 1861 engage<l
Mr. Bork as an apprentice. In 1S70 Mr. Bork became a partner, and
eventually the firm was succeeded by W. H. Bork & Co., who con-
tinued the business t:ll 18T8, when Mr. Bork became sole proprietor.
The premises occupied compri.se a ppacious floor 40xl»j feet in area,
fully equipped with the latest improved appliances and machinery,
inclu .ing a superior printing press and six envelope m.ichines. Here
twenty five skilled hands are employed, and the machinery is driven
by a fl^s^class gas engine The capacity o£ the envelope machines is
175,000 envelopes daily. Bookbinding in every style is artistically
executed by Jlr. Bork, from pamphlet and sheep work to the finest
grade of Morocco, calf, Russia, or velvet. Books are bound promptly
according to cu-Storaers" directions, while in all cases the very best
stock and workman.«hip. with strength and beauty combined, may
always be relied on. Special attention nnd care are given to binding
editions in cloth or morocco, while the prices quoted for all work are
•■xceedingly moderate. The trade of this house extends throughout
;dl sections of Buffalo and the adjacent cities. Mr. Bork has resided
in Buff.ilo the greater part ot his life, where he is greatly respected m

business circles for his skill, rnterprise. and integrity. He is a promi-
nent member of the Buffalo Catholic InHtltutlon, and ■ director and
treasurer of the North Elmwood Land Company

WILE BROS. & CO., Manufacturers and Wholesale Dealem
iu Men's, Youths', Boys', and Children's Clothing, Nos «T
and 89 I'earl Street.— From comparatively insigniflcant
proiwrtions. tho wholesale clothUig trade has grown l^i
va.st magnitude in Buffalo within a quarter of a century. The exU'iil
of its operations, the numbers to whom it (urnisheH employment and
the general interests involved, all impart to thiu extensive brtmch of
business an importance that place it at once among the great depart-
ments ot manufacturing and mercantile tictivity to day in this city.
Engagi^d in the line indicated the Bison City has some noteworthy
firms, prominent among which is that of Wile Bros. & Co., whose
copacious establishment is located at Nos. S7 oud 39 Pearl Street, and
which is about the most widely known and most representative bouse
of tlte kind in Buffalo. They are manufacturers of, and » holesale
dealers in, men's, youths', boys', and childrens' clothing, employing
altogether between 'iOO and 800 in help, and their productions are in
wide and increasing demand in the trade all over the United States,
owing to the vmlformly high standard at » hich these goods are main-
tained, every garment bemg subjected to close personal examination
by an expert before being placed in stock. The premises occupied as
office, safesrooin. and iiianiifacturing department comprise an entire
six-story aiK I i i i. m 1 \ i .'. lout building, with ample and complete
focihties. > I I II :di>.smen are employed, besides a half a

dozen repi. . i i il.r road. An exceedingly large and fine

assortment i . n ■ i i, . hi i.d on band here, including ready-made
suits in every size, style, sliajie. grade, and pattern; also a number of
specialties in ciotliing : and all orders for the trade are filled in the
most prompt and reliable manner, the proprietors exei cising imme-
diate supervision over the various departments. This flourishing
business was established about fifteen years ago by M. Wile, and
some time later the firm name became Wile & Struuss, who were
succeeded by Wile, Block & Co., they in turn bemg succeeded on
January 1st of the present year by Wile Bros. & Co. The individual
members are Messrs. Mayer Wile, Isaac Wile, and Herman Wile
(brothers), gentlemen in the fidl prime ot life, and natives of Baden.
Germany, hut residents of this city many yeai-s. They are all men ot
energy and experience, thoroughly responsible in their dealings, and
sustain an excellent reputation in the trade.

JOHN D. LANGNER & BRO . Wholesale Dealers in Groceries.
Flour, Feed. Salt, Oil, Baled Hay. and Straw, Nos. 779 and 78!
Seneca Street -The leading and l)est known wholesale grocery
house in Ea.st Buffalo is that ot Messrs. .lohn D. Langner &
Bro., Nos. 779 and 781 Seneca Street.— This firm are wholesale deal-
ers in groceries, flour, feed, salt, oil, baled hay and straw, and
though young in years they are old in pr.icticil e-vperience. and in
the enjoyment of perfected facilities nnd influential connections.
Here is an mteresting in.stance ot visihie growth. The business was
originally estab'j-shed iu l.SOS by Mr. Jolm O. Langner, who was suc-
ceeded by his sons, the present proprietors, iu 1884. The building
occupied is built ot brick in the most substantial manner, tour
stories high and 101x80 feet in dimensions, conveniently arranged
for handling and storing the immense and varied stock, and elegant
in all its fumishing> and appointments. Here is to be found a mag-
nificent display ot staple and fancy groceries, the equal of the finest
stock in New York, and which offers substantial inducements both
as to price and qu.-.lity. As direct importers and agents for leading
manufacturers, this firm carry the best brands known to the trade,
and are building up their business on the solid foundation of know-
ing what the trade wants, knowing where to secure tlie best and
purest goods at lowest net rates, and by pursuing an honorable
'■ live and let live " policy, giving their patrons a chance to make
money and offering them every inducement ond the widest range of
gocxls to select from Their stock is kept up to the highest standard
ot excellence, and the trade Is brisk and lively in city and country,
requiring the services of fifteen assistants and a number of delivery
teams. The Slessrs. Langner are natives of Buffalo, and young men
of the highest repute and standing, and are contributing much toward
the promotion of Buffalo's commercial prosperity.

ILLUSTRATED

THE aVEEN
gj, CITY OF THE LAKES.

FBIES & CO., Brass Founders, Etc., Nos. 89, 91 and 93 Main
Street.— One o£ the most noteworthy and representative
houses ot the many engaged in the brass foundry industry of
the city of Buffalo, is the well known and long established one
of Messrs Fries & Co. From the start the quality of the worljinan-
ship and the durability of the materials used attracted the attention
of the trade, and before long a valuable and influential patronage
was secured. The business developed with great rapidity, and in
August, 1889. the constant pressure of demand tor the superior
products of the house made it urgent that larger and more com-
modious premises be found. Hence the removal at tliat time to the
splendid quarters now occupied at Nos. 89, 91, and 93 Main Street
These comprise the entirety of two floors, each having an ar-ea of
50x100 feet, and are thoroughly equipped with all the latest improve-
ments in machinery and tools for the successful prosecution of their
important business. Neither time, money, nor pains have been
spared to make these works the finest in this section of the country,
as a trip through the establishment soon testifies. A gener-al line
of brass founding is here produced, every variety of brass work
suitable for the pijrposes of plumbers, steam engine builders and
gas and steam fitters. Only the most skilled hands are employed,
about twenty in number, and all orders for work entrusted to this
reliable firm are certain of receiving the personal supervision of
its members, all of whom are exper-t and practical machinists of
many years' experience. Their ability has often been attested to do
any and all kinds of brass work, even the most intrii-ate. A large
local business is done also throughout Western New York, Ohio, and
Pennsylvania. Many of the largests contracts awarded in the state
for brass work in all its forms have fallen to them, such large con-
cerns as the Wagner Palace Car Co. and others being regiilar pa-
trons. All the members of the firm are natives of Germany, but
have tieen residents of Buffalo for many years.

BUFFALO HAT MFG. CO., Mark & Guggenheimer, Propri-
etors, Nos. V3 to 77 Seneca Street.— The leading hatters,
haberdasher-s, and shoe dealers are undoubtedly Messr-s.
Mark and Girggenheimer, carr-ying on business as the Buffalo
Hat Manufactm-ing Co. The house was established in 1885, and
from that date to the pi-esent, has deservedly enjoyed five year-s of
uninterrupted prosperity. The specialty of the concern is the man-
ufacture of head-gear, and having the advantage of two factories,
one located here and another at Newark, N. J., the firm are always
prepared with the latest styles as soon as introduced, and ar-e
enabled to sell on a closer margin than most of their competitor\s
both to the trade and the general public. The retail establishment
of the firm now comprises the thi-ee stores located at Nos. 73, 75 arrd
77 Seneca Street, which are completely stocked with evei-y descrip-
tion of hats and caps of their own manufacture, for men's, j'ouths',
and boys' wear in all the latest and most fashionable styles, with as
an extensive and varied assortment of gents' furni-^hing goods,
boots and shoes as can be found in the length and breadth of the
Queen City. Twelve polite assistants are here employed, popular
prices pr-evail, while the house is efficiently represented on the road
by a corps of ti-avelling salesmen, who control a large wholesale
tr-ado throughout western New York. Mr. Mark is a native of
Greenville, S. C, and came to Buffalo in 1884, his partner being a
New Yorker. As before stated they established a copartnery in
1885, and in the comparatively brief intervening period have placed
their establishment among the leadlrrg industries of the Empire
State.

GUS. E. KURTZ, Importing Tailor, No. 14 E. Eagle Street.—
Prominent among the members of the strictly first-class
branch of the custom-tailoring trade of Buffalo ranks Mr.
Gus. E. Kurtz, No. 14 East Eagle Street, opposite the Iroquois
Hotel. Mr. Kurtz originally established in business on Seneca
Street six years ago, and removed to his more central and desirable
quarters irr 1885. Here he displays what is, without doubt, the best
selection of the finest quality of foreign and domestic suitings and
cloths, in all the new and fashionable patterns and textures, to be
found in this section of the city, and from which the most captious
and critical taste can be readilv satisfied. Some idea of the extent
of his fine custom trade may be learned from the statement that he
keeps in constant employmeirt a force of from twelve to fifteen
.skilled jorrrnpymen, who ar-e constantly likewise under his personal

supervision. Mr. Kurtz is a talented master of his profession, and
is admittedly as skilfrrl arrd artistic a cutter and designer as there is
in the city. Liberality and a straightforward system of honorable
dealing have ever characterized his transactions. Mr. Kurtz is a
native of New York City, and the success which has attended his
business career in Buffalo has been fairly and justly merited, and
we deem him worthy of mention, both as regards his talents as a
practical mer-chant tailor, and his recommendatory qualifications as
a respected private citizen.

GEORGE E. NEWMAN, China, Glass, Crockery, Etc., No. 444
Main Street.— The development of the trade in china, glass,
and crockery war-e, and of the most elegant fancy household
goods, etc., is indicative of the increase of material wealth,
refinement, and culture among the American people. A house in
Buffalo whose poUcy and methods have always retained for it the
confidence of the commercial world, and whose ability, enterprise,
and energy place it in the front rank of the wholesale and retail
trade in this line of goods, that of Mr. George E. Newman, centrally
located at No. 444 Main Street, is well worthy of more than passing
observation. Mr. Newman was born in Poland, Herkimer County,
this state, and has been a resident ot this city since 1845. Having a
full knowledge of this trade, he inaugurated this establishment at
this address on his own account in ISCO, and at once developed a
very large and substantial trade, both wholesale and retail, and ex-
tending throughout the city and sm'rounding country. The prem-
ises utilized comprise a handsome, substantial, four-story brick
building, having a frontage of 20 feet, with a depth of 125 feet, and
fully equipped n ith every convenience for the accommodation and
advantageous display of his large and valuable assortment of goods.
The stock carried embraces a bewildering variety of beautiful and
briUiant wares in china and glass, Sevres, Limoges, German, and
French china; lava, bisque; and Parian marble; Bohemian stained
glass, cut and embossed ; also plain and pressed glass ware, statuary,
fancy and ornamental waies tor use and ornament; also lamps in
every variety, from the piano telescope to the smallest size, and of
all patterns, together with their fittings; yellow and stone ware.
Rockingham, Wedgewood and Trenton pottery, etc. He also car
ries a full line of household cutlery, fancy wares of all kinds, plated
goods, etc. His long experience in the business, together with bis
superior connections, enable him to place before his patrons the very
best lines of goods and at the very lowest prices. Mr. Newman is a
popular, polite, and courteous gentleman, ot high executive ability,
energetic and rehable, and is most highly respected as a merchant
and public spirited citizen.

CHARLES F. WARD, Architect and Superintendent, No. 36«
Main Street.— On few classes of men does such responsibility
rest in a rapidly developing city like Buffalo as on those whose
professional skill is invoked to design the handsome struc-
tures which are to ornament it. Of the many responsible men en-
gaged in the active practice of the profession of an architect, none
enjoys a more enviable reputation for the originality of his concep-
tions and the excellence of his plans and designs than Mr. Charies
F. Ward, whose offices are located in Room No. 3 at No. 366 Main
Street. This gentleman was born in Massachusetts, from which he
removed to this city in 1877. For twenty years he was engaged in
the general business of a builder, and some two years ago he de-
voted himself exclusively to his profession. His long experierrce in
the building trade, of all the details of which he is conversant, ren-
ders his services as superintending architect ot inestimable value to
his numerous patrons. Many handsome private residences in the
fashionable quarters of this city, as well as numerous buildings, in-
cluding manufacturing plants and churches, on our principal thor-
oughfares bear witness to the artistic taste and skilful designs of
this gentleman. Among the most noted examples ot his ability in
this lirre of work is the beautiful Pilgrim Congregational Church on
Richmond Avenue, also a $19,000 dwelling house on Oakland Place,
than which no finer architectural monuments are to be found within
the wide limits of Buffalo. Mr. Ward is always prepared to furnish
plans and specifications, and make estimates for all classes of work.
He also undertakes the superintendence of constructions, at most
reasonable rates. He is a gentleman of courteous address, whose
liberality in his dealings with patrons has secured him a wide pop-
ularity in Buffalo and elsewhere.

ILLUSTRATED

THE QUEEN
CITY OF THE UAKE&,

QUEEN CITY SHIRT CO., Nos. JT i.. V, iliippt-wu Strwl.-A
representative and one of the most noted houses in the slot*,
extensively engaged in the maniiracture of stiirts, la that
known as the Queen City Shirt Company, whos<? offlco and
fiict4>ry in Buffalo are located at Nos. 27 to .'IT) Cliippewa Street.
The company has also branches at Eiist Buitalo, Tonawanila,
Medina, Blaclc Rock, Attica, Warsaw, Perry, Erie, Middleport, and
Ixx-kport, and employs inside and outside its foctories about 1,000
skillfil hands. This business was originally esial)lislie<l In 1881 at
Mohawk and Main Slreels In Miiv, isiio, it was reinov.-d to its
preoejit extonsivo quarters on Uhippewa Street. The copartners

are M. Nellany, C. S. Guild, and B. L. Love. Mr. Nellany having
large real estate interests devotes much of his time to that lMt<?rest,
but has a private office at the main olliee of the shirr company on
Chippewa and WnshiMKton Streets, and in imporiaiit matters ler.ds
his valuable counsel. Jlr. Guild has charge of the sales and sales-
men, and Mr. Love of the olMces and finances. The premises occu-
pied in Buffalo compri.se two spacious floors, 120xl2o feet each In
area, fully equipped with every appliarice, including 300 llrstcla^s
sewing machines. The machinery is operated by steam power, and
the premises are fitted up with automatic sprinklers. The company
manufactures largely gentlemen's ond boys' shirts, laundried and
nnlaundried night I'obes, and the output of the factory is '2,500 dozen
of shirts weekly. The company's Queen shirts have no sup.r:oi-s in
the market for quality, tit, design, and workmanship, and are gen-
eral favorites with retailers, owing, to Iheir great salablliiy and in-
trinsic merits. (Jrders are promptly tilled at the lowest possible
prices, and the trade extenils throughout all sections of the United
States and Canada. Four travelling salesmen are employed, and all
goods are fully warranted. Me.«srs. Nellany, Guild, and Love are
very popular in trade circles, and are widely known for- their integ-
rity and enterprise. Mr. Nellany is a director of the German Ameri-
can Bank, and president of the Homestead Loan Association and
was elected commissioner of parks in ISOO. .\ stock of 10.000 dozen
shirts is always carried in stock to All orders from, and at some sea-
sons of the year is much larger. The company each year charters
a steamer, and with bra.ss and siring band give all the eriiplo.vees a
picnic at Grand Island, a summer rt^ort on Niagara River. Upon
taking possession of their present quarters, before put.Inir in the
machinery necessary to manufacture, the company had ihe em-
ployees invite their friends and a grand ball was given in honor of
the occa-sion. In fact nothing is left undone by the company to
make the relations existing between employees and employers most

LAKE SHORE ANII MICHKiAN SOUTHKHN RAILROAD.—
There Is no railroad having a terminal in ItulTalo tliat has
more popularized itself with the public by perfection and
effectiveness of railway transportation and by eagerness to
anticipate the wants and necessities of travellen*, even to the point
of superb luxury, than the spiritedly and prosperously conducted
Lake Shore and Michigan Southern line. It may be truly said that
among all of America's railroads the Lake Shore and Michigan
Southern stands llrst ond foremost, and forms the great connecting
link which joins the eastern with their sister states of the west and
southwest. Let the n-ader take and examine the map with Its ac-
companying time table published by this company and ho will see
that the bands of steel of this greot railway link together six of the
greatest states in the Union, New York. Pennsylvania, Ohio. Indi-
ana, Michigan, and Illinois-traversing the richest portions of the Mid-
dle States and passing through many of the populous and wealthy
cities of that portion of the country. It is the only line conveying
passengers into and out of the city of New York over the great four-
track New York Central, without ferry transfer, from and to Cleve-
land, TolPdo, Chicairo. Cincinnati, St. Louis and the cities and re-
sorts of the great northwest, nest ai:d southwest. This is the only
line too, running through cars over the double track of the Boston
and Albany railroad to Boston without a transfer of any kind : and
it is the only double track lino between Buffalo and Chicago, thus
assuring speed with safety. The main line of the company skirts
the shore of Lake Erie from Buffalo to Toledo, and thence runs a
straight coiu-se into the bustling and thriving city of Chicago, throw-
ing out here and there on the way branch lines which link together
with steel bands Detroit, Trenton, Monroe, Ypsilanti. Manchester,
Jackson, Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo, ElUiart, Bankers, Fayette, Fort
Wayne, etc. At all the points touched by this system, connections
are established with other important railroads, and the passenger
when onci aboard a Lake Shore ond Michigan Southern train can
rely upon being carried quickly and safely to any destination he
desires on tt-e American con*lnent, and also upon receiving courte-
ous and civil attention from the officials of the line everywhere. A
notable feature of the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern line is the
absence of curves. The straight, splendid well ballasted road bed,
secures smooth, easy running of trains and give:; pleasure to passen-
gers. .Ml through trains on this line ore veritable Al hotels on
wheels, and the traveller can have almost anything he asks for
whether it be a cool draught of lager, a cocktail, a smoke, a lunch,
a stylish fidl course dinner, a shave, a bath, a comfortable nap, a
game at poker, or the advantages of a well stocked, entertaining
library. It is on this line that the famous New York and Chicago
(Limited), run via Buffalo also the Southwestern (Limited), both
veslibuled throughout, heated by steom and lightal by gas. and
sumptuously furnished -with a caf6, where a passenger pays only for
what he eats or drinks. This is on innovation in railroad i-ervice.
These Iniii-.s start from New York (for particulars see time tables) on
the New York tVntral and Hudson River Railroad, and from Boston
by the Boston and Albany line: at Buffalo it sweeps on to the Lake
Shore and Michigan Southern line, imd then speeds away to Chicago,
Cincinnati, Columbus, Indianapolis and St. Louis; a new train, the
New York and St. Louis fast express also runs via Lake Shore
and the C, C. C & St. L. Ry. There is ample train service in both
directions ni:d the trains are the fastest in the world es reference to
the time tables will show. The general office of the company is at
Cleveland and the New York ofBce is in the Central depot there. The
president and general manager of the line is Mr John Newell ; Mr.
P P. Wri;;ht, Ls the general superintendent of the line; Mr. A J.
Smith, is Ihe general pas-senger and ticket agent. These gentlemen
are resident in Cleveland The principal officials of the compony in
charge of the affairs of this railroad in Buffalo ore among the most
popular of "knight.-! of the line" at this great railway centre. Mr.
J. A. Burch ably fills the office of eastern and southern passtmger
agent here, and Mr. F. P. no'.\ e Is the travelling passenger ogent. The
com|>anys offl-.-e is at No. 21 Exchange Street, where tickets and all
information may be had from Mr. F W Burrows, the ticket a-ent
in charge. Mr E. N Blood is Ihe ticket agent at Ihe Exchange
Street depot. In these officials the company has excellent repre-
sentotives, who are equally popular with Buffalonians and the
travelling public generally. Mr P S. Blod^ett recently appoint! li
.suiK'rintoDdent of theea-stern division with headquarters nt Buffalo, is
an experienced official in charge of the transportation department

ILLUSTRATED

THE ClUBEN
CITY or TKE LAKES,

NEW YORK CENTRAL AND HUDSON RIVER RAILROAD.—
To speak of the New York Ceulral and Hudson River Rail-
road, or of what is more familiarly called "The Central," is
to name the best equipped and best managed railway system
on the American continent; and, considering the important influ-
ence it has in the development of the commercial, manufacturiiif^,
and [naterial resources of the "Queen City of the Lakes," it is but
Utting that this great railway enterprise should be accorded a promi-
nent position in "Illustrated Buflfalo."' Buffalo is a city of railroads,
tor within the limits of the municipality itself there are 6.3S miles of
i-ailroads. It has witliin it more miles of railroads than any other
city in the world, with, perhaps, Chicago excepted. At the head of
all these, in point of efficiency of service, perfection and safety of
travel, ele>;ant accommodations, and thorough completeness in all
tliat contrioutes to make trips, whether short distances or be-
tween extreme points, "The Central"' stands Al. The veriest
novice needs not to be told that this leading line of railroad stretches
from Buffalo to New York City, right across the Empire State, and
that while from each terminal there are niunerous lines connected
with it, its main artery gives off branches that intersect a large area
of country, establishing here and there connections with other
systems of railway which form, altogether, a vast network of iron
roads all over the American continent; so that a traveller once
aboard a Central train can reach in quick time and safely any desti-
nation he desires, and meet with the utmost courtesy and civility on
the way from the officials of the road. The New York Central Rail-
road was organized in 1853 under a special law authoiizing the con-
solidation of the roads then extending from Albany to Buffalo,
namely: the Albany and Schenectady, the Schenectady and Troy,
the Utica and Schenectady, the Jlohawk "Valley, the Syracuse and
Utica, the Syracuse and Utica Direct, the Rochester and Syracuse,
the Bui?alo and Rochester, the Buffalo and Lockport. and the
Rochester, Lockport and Niagara Falls. The new company took
possession August ), 1853. On May 1-2, 1846. the Hudson River Rail-
road Company was chartered, and the line from New York to Albany
was opened October 3, 1851. This company was absorbed by the
Central Nov. 1, 18G9, and since then the company has built, bought,
leased, or chartered the following named roads: the New York and
Harlem, the Spuyten Duyvil and Port Morris, the Dunkirk, Alle-
gheny Valley and Pittsburg, the Syracuse Junction, the Buffalo
Junction, the Geneva and Lyon.'i, the Troy Union, the West Shore,
and three-fourths of the ownership of the two bridges over the Hud-
son River at Albany. The cost of the road and its equipment footed
up to close on $150,000,000, and millions have since been spent in im-
provements, etc. The total miles of track is 3688.25, of which
374.50 are laid with iron, leaving 3313.75 miles of steel rails. The
route tiom Buffalo to New York, 440 miles, is a four track line, thus
securing special lines for freight and passenger traffic, and avoiding
delays, interruptions, and putting collisions between freight and
passenger trains beyond the range of possibihty. About twenty
thousand employees are employed on this great railroad, and the
salaries and wages paid aggregate more than ten and a half million
dollars yearly. The Central is ahead of all other railroad companies
in the magnificence, comfort, and convenience of its car service,
which includes the famous Wagner palace drawing room, dining and
sleeping cai-s, vestibule buffet, smoking a,nd library cars, with barber
shop and bathroom. These, in short, are superb hostelries on
wheels, attended by courteous and efficient help. It is behind no
other line in the speed of its trains nor in its terms, and a reference
to its published time tables will give all the information desired as
to the arrival and dispatch of trains at all points. The Central is
the only trunk line terminating in the city of New York, where it
enters the only station in the city, and this the largest and most hand-
some and convenient between the Atlantic and the Pacific. The
route of the Central from the metropolis to the shore of Lake Erie
is through some of the most charming of river, lake, hill, and valley
scenery to be found on the globe, and the branch lines radiate
through lovely and prosperous sections of the country. The run
from Albany to New York is along the eastern shore of the most
picturesque American Rhine, as the Hudson River has been long
appropriately called. Between Albany and Buffalo there are tour
tracks on the main line, and most of the branches have double
tracks. At Buffalo the New York Central and Hudson River Rail-
road unites with the Lake Shore and Miehipran Southern, the Central
link in the Vanderbilt System, which runs through Pennsylvania,

Ohio, and Indiana, with branches penetrating all portionsof Central
and Southern Michigan to Chicago. Illinois. At Cleveland the Lake
Shore line connects with the Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago and St.
Louis Railway, the " Big Four Route," which f oi ms the southwestern
extension of the Vanderbilt System, reaching all the cities named,
and, by ci nnections, every portion of the Mississippi Valley. At
Dunkirk the Dunkirk, Allegheny Valley and Pittsburg Railioad. one
of the Unes leased by the New York Central and Hudson River Rail-
road Company, connects with the Lake Shore. Connection is also
made at Buffalo with the Michigan Central Railroad, another link in
the Vanderbilt System, which traverses Canada for 2S6 miles, crosses
into the State of Michigan at Detroit, extends northward to the
Straits of Mackinac, which unite Lakes Huron and Michigan, throws
out branches to Toledo, in Ohio, and to most of the important towns
in Michigan, and continues on to Chicago and Joliet, in Illinois.
Buffalo is reached by two lines of the Central. From Rochester the
main line runs direct to Buffalo, C9 miles distant, while a second lino
runs by way of Lockport to Niagara Falls and Suspension Bridge,
connecting there with the Canada railroads, and thence to Buffalo.
Blinor branch lines of the company are intersected between Albany
and Buffalo as follows: Geneva to Lyons, connecting the Auburn
and the main lines; Rochester to Charlotte, on Lake Ontario;
Clanandaigua to Buffalo, via Batavia; Rochester to Canandaigua,
connecting with the Northern Central Railroad of the Penn
sylvania System ; Batavia to Attica; Lockport to Tonawanda; and
Suspension Bridge to Lewiston, a port on Lake Ontario. The Cen-
tral is the only line running three great limited trains daily between
New York City and the west. With its connections it Is the most
direct hne across the continent from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and
forms an important link in the great international highway around
the world. For excellence of track, speed of its trains, the safety
and comfort of its patrons, and variety and loveliness of its scenery,
the Central is unsui-passed by any other railroad in the world, facts
which reflect great credit upon the management. The Central has
encircled Buffalo with a belt line that is cf immense service to the
Buffalonians, and mmierous trains are run round the city daily, as a
reference to the time tables of the company will show. Thestarting
point and terminal of this line is the company's handsome, large, and
convenient station on Exchange Street. This depot is likely to be
supplanted ere long by a much larger one. Not only for passenger
but for freight traffic the company have every facility tor satisfac-
torily meeting the needs of the public, both in promptitude of ser-
vice and reasonableness in charges. The company's interests in
Buffalo are immense. In addition to its tracks, stations, engine and
repair shops, warehouses, etc., it is the owner of the extensive stock
yards at East Buffalo. The headquarters of the company are in
New York, and Buffalo is represented on the company's board of
directorate by Mr. Sherman S. Jewett of this city. The general offi-
cers of the company are: Cornelius Vanderbilt, chairman of the
board; Chauncey M. Depew, president; Charles C. Clarke, first vice
president; Horace J. Hayden, second vice president; H.Walter Webb,
Third vice president; Edwin D. Worcester, secretary; E. V. W. Ros-
siter, treasurer; Nathan Guilford, general traffic manager; John M.
Toucey, general manager; Theodore Voorhees, general supei-inten-
dent; George H. Daniels, general passenger agent. The company's
office in Buffalo is at No. 1 Exchange Street, where the company's
interests are carefully and successfully looked after by Mr. Edson
J. Weeks, the popular general agent in the passenger department.
At the station, Mr. George H. Burrows most efficiently fills the office
of superintendent, and is esteemed by his brother officials and the
public. The New Y'ork Central carried over eighteen million passen*
gers last year, and its passenger earnings, at a fracrion less than two
cents per mile, amounted to nearly ten million dollars. This great
company is justly styled by the press of two continents " America's
Greatest Railroad."

CHARLES KIBLER, Dealer in Fine Family Groceries, Nos. 44S
and 445 Michigan Stieet, Comer Chnton.— A leading and rep-
resentative house in the large family grocery trade of the city
is the first-class establishment of Mr. Charles Kibler, Nos. 443
and 445 Michigan Street, comer of Clinton Street. Mr. Kibler is a
native of Germany, and in 1854 came to this city, where he has ever
since lieen a prominent and influential citizen. In 1865 he founded
the large house that bears his name, at the corner of William and
Potter Streets. So successful were his efforts, that he soon found it

1 LLU3TRATED

THE CtUEEN
CITY OF THE LAKES.

^iiecessarj" to n-movo to nu»r« spauiuus quarters, ami in 1882 acoonl-
in^iy removed to Ibi- pn-niises he now occupies, and whicli comprise
a tliio tliree-siory briolc structure, liis own properly, linviiig a dimen-
sion of TOxTO feet. They are elegantly and Imndsomely furnislied
througliout, no pains or expense having lieen spared to mal;e of
them the most attractive store on tlie si reel. Equipped with all de-
vic'S for savinj; of lime and labor, and for the pruper display of tho
choice and iininense stock carried, this forms one of tlie model es-
[ablishiiients of BuCTalo. Mr. Kililer keeps in sloclc all fancy and
staple family grocciies, as well as all kimls of foreiBii goods that are
usually to be found in first-class houses in tlic grocery trade, such as
the choicest fre.-h crop teas, Ilyson, Oolong, Japan, gunpowder,
Young Hyson, coffees, fragrant mocha, Java, and Rio; pure spices,
whole or groimd, canned gotnls of every dfscription, pure sugars
and sirups; tlie best brands of flour, crackers and biscuits; condi-
ments, sauces, pickles, capons, olives, nod all the finest and most
recherchA delicacies of the table; baking powders, soda, saleratus,
frt'sh dairy and creamery butter, cheese, fresh eggs, etc. In addi-
tion to these, a well assorted stock of wines, beers, and spirits is
carried, fine old French and Rhine wines, California ond other Amer-
ican brands, Martel. Hennessey, and other flrsl-class brandies; Dutch
and English gins, the best Irish, Scotch, Canadian, and American
whiskeys. New England and Jamaica rums, French. Swiss, and Ital-
ian liqueur^s, dry sherries, and rich old ports, etc. Nine experieucetl
assistants are employed, and ttiree delivery wagons are constantly
«irrying goods to all parts of the city free of charge. The trade is
locally very large, tlie j'early sales amounting to $30,000. Every-
thing bought by this house is for cash, « hich enables it to give its
customers the benefit of the large discounts that are by this means
secured, and which explains the e-xtremely low prices that here
prevail. Mr. Kibler is one of the wealthy citizens of Buffalo, and
has always taken a prominent part in her municipal affairs. For
four years, from ISSO to ISSI, he was elected supervisor of the fifth
ward, and Hlled the position with dignity and to the iml)0'inded sat-
isfaciion of his constituents. For eight years he occupied the rank
of lieutenant in battery " .\." of the Slate National Guards, com-
manded by Captain Linderinann. He is a man of intlnence and re-
sponsibility in public mattei-s, and one whose odvice and judgment
are much sought for. Of courteous manners, nnd of much lil)erality
of heart and mind, he is esteemed and respected by all classes in the
community. He is a leading member of the Ancient Order of United
Workmen, also of the Empire Order of Mutual Aid. and a number
of Germun societies and is likewise a director and stockholder
in several breweries.

KREINHEDER & FLIERL. Builders and Contractors, Planing
5U11, Nos. 1336 to 1366 Genesee Street.— No city in the
United States has better facilities than this for the produc-
tion of all kinds of wood finish for buddings, and in this con-
nection special reference is merited by the pmgressive firm of
Messrs. Kreinheder & Flierl, builders and contractors, and manufac-
turers of all kinds of building materials, whose planing mill is at Nos.
13.->« to i:i66 Genesee Street, at the N. Y. C. lielt line crossing. Tho
premises noiv oconpied liy the firm comprise a spacious lot, 108x000
feet in area, on which is erected a commodious two story building
60x80 feet in dimensions, with .•several other buildings attached. In
tlie receiving and shipping of lumber and their manufactured ma-
terial the firm enjoy unusual facilities, having a switch of the N. Y.
C. & H. B. Railroad running into their spacious yards. They carry
here, at all tinie.s, a full assortment of hemlock of the various
lengths and thicknesses suited to the demands of the tra<le. Mr.
Kreinheder for nearly s-venteen yeare was connected with a planing
mill and shingle factoiy at Black Rock as Ixiokkeeper and manager
and thus acquired a largo exi>erience in tliis particular branch.
Some six years ago he opened a lumber and coal yard on Seneca
Street, and this soon proved too small. He. in connection with Mr.
rhrisiinn Flierl, purchased ilie present spacious tract of land, mill,
barn, and sli^ds. Mr. Flierl, who comraence<l business as a Iniilder
and contractor fifteen ye.ira ago, has taken a very active part in the
building progress of the "Queen Ci'y," nnd lias erected and sup«?rin-
tended some of the most beautiful mansions, and aUo extensive and
substantial business and public buildings. He superintended the
woodwork nt the Stale Insane Asylum. «uch as the dormitory, stock
stable, and other buildings attached. He also did the work at the

higli school, at the large brewery erected for Hinz on Broad\..i\ , il..
wooilwork at the St. Andr<*w's Lutheran Church, Peckham and
Sherman sireets, the spire of St. Marcus Church, Temple Beth
Jacob, corner of Clinton and Walnut streets; also Lutheran SI
John's School, Hickory Street; Public Schools Nos. 21, SO, S8, and the
East Buffalo Market ou Broadway; as well as many residences in
various parts of Ihe city, whose flue appearance, internally and ex
ternally, is a credit to him. He is a tiioroughly practical man of
wide experience in his calling. The firm are now building a place of
worship for the G. M. E. congregation, corner Northampton and
Maston streets. The planing mill is equipped with modern ma-
chinery nnd appliances; 80 skilled hands ore employed, and a .Y.
horse power sleam engine operates the machinerj-. The firm iiiann
facture and deal in planed and rough lumber, flooring, ceiling, sid
ing, moulding, sash, doors, blinds, shingles, lath, tencepost.s, etc
They make a specialty of interior hardwood finishings for banks,
churches, public buildings, offices, mansions, etc.,andgiveatleution
to turning of all descriptions. The work is unrivalled for uniform
excellence, while prices are reasonable. The firm, as contractors
and builders, undertake the repairing and alteration of old premises
and the erection of new buildings, nnd give employment to from 40
to 50 outside carpenters. Messrs. Kreinheder & Flierl are natives of
Buffalo, and are highly esteemed in trade circles,

TIIK BRUSH ELECTRIC LIGHT COMPANY of Buffalo, No. 207
Washington Street.— At the present day it is evident that the
electric light has come to stay. The dynamos of the best
systems give now over 00 per cent of eftlcieney. while the
steam engine has only reached 16 per cent. It is cheaper than ga,s,
where any large number of electric lights are used for any length of
time, moreover It gives a better steadier light, securing also pure
air with no heat. In connection with these remarks special atten-
tion is directed in this commercial review of Buffalo, to the famous
Brush Electric Light Company, whose offices are located at Nos. 5
and 6 Coal and Iron Exchange, 257 Washington Street. This
company was duly incorporated June ], 1881, and now liav in actual
use several hundred miles of conducting wire, and thnu.'-ands of
poles for ciiy lighting. When tlie Brush Electric Company was
started the price of giis w.is S2.50 per thousand cubic feet, now it is
reduced to $1.40. The premises occupied comprise a spacious twcf-
story building 120x180 feel in area, tlie ground floor being devoted
to theboilei-snnil furnaces, the liatlery consisting of twelve steel
100 horsepower boilers of Ihe latest improved pattern, provided
with smokeless furnaces that consume soft coal slack. The smoke
stack is eight feet square at the base, and lITifeet high. In the gen
eralor room. 40x120 feet in dimensions, are twenty-one Westinglionse
upriglit automatic engines of 6.5 horsepower each— one for each of
the twenty-one Brush dynamos, and two ineadescent machines— one
a United States patent, and the other a Westinghouse. designed for
competition with gas in interior li;;hting. Adams. Meldium & An
der.son's drj- goods establisliment and TifTt house were lighted by the
system in November 1888; the first with 400 and the latter with 200
lamps of 16 candle-power— a much better and snfer light at less cost
than gas, however cheap the latter. The capacity of the Brush dy n;. -
mos is 65 lamps of 2000 candle-power each, or in power of liluminn-
tion equal to 130,000 candles. The following gentlemen, who are
widely and favorably known in Buffalo's business circles for their
enterprise, executive ability and integrity, are the officers: viz:
Daniel O'Day, president: James Adams, vice-president; J. M
Blinker, treasurer; C. R. Huntley, secretary. In antieipaiion of
further demands for electric lighting, the company* has erected a
substantial brick liuilding 100x100 feet in area adjoining the old one.
thus providing ample room for any required augmentation of pin nt.
.\s a matter of economy a large slock of materials is carried ai ell
times to meet the emergencies in the way of extension' and repairs
The Brush Electric Light Company supplies electricity to Ihe Buffalo
Electric Light nnd Power Company. The electric lights productnl
by the apparatus of the Brush Electric Light Company are soft and
pleasant to the sight, nnd are unrivaled for economy, efficiency, and
reliability, while tliey are free from the unplea,sBnt hissing sounds
so comninn with the lights of other systems. A large amount of
electric lighting has already been executed by this responsible com-
juiny to Ihe entire satisfaction (f patrons, nnd its prospects in Dh"
near future are of a most encouraging character.

ILLUSTRATED

THE dUE-EN
C!TY OF THE LAKES.

NASON & HAY, Wood, Slate and Tile Mantels, Tiles, Tile
Floors, Marble Work, Brass Goods, and Evei-j-thing Pertain-
ing to Fireplaces, Corner West Avenue and Vermont Street.
—Of late years much attention has been given to the decora"
tion of dwellings and buildings, and in no way can this be more
effectiTely accomplished than by the use of wood, slate, or orna-
mental tile mantels, tile flooring, etc. In this city, among those
making a specialty of this business, there are probably none who

i*^ Isason &

II t \\ est \venue

arethuiuu,lh iccomplished

neait ii 1 \ dit w il i\hi(_lifd < n]i nality of de-
sign, beautiful an 1 plei^ms m its effec ts may be said to be unsur-
passed; anddurmgthe three years they have been associated and
established m their pi esent location, have done woik of surpassing
excellence for Zink & Hatch. Law Exchange; Windsnr Bath. Wash-
ington Street; St. Louis Church. Main Street; National Transit Com
pany. Oil City, Pa.; Rev. Bishop Ryan, Chapel and House, Fort
Porter; Mrs. Viele, Front Avenue; Mr. Clement, Plymouth Avenue;

Mr. Henry Smith, Washington Street; M. F. C. Lautz, Ferry Street;:
Mr. Henry French, Delaware Avenue; Iroquois Hotel, > arble Fluoiv
Main Street; Geo. Urban, Jr., Pine Hill; German Insurance Build-
ing, Main Street; Holy Angels' Convent, Porter Aveuue; Cataract
Bank, Niagara Falls; Shea's Music Hall, of this city, and many
others. The firm manufacture every variety and style of wood
mantels, and also slate mantels, in imitation of rare, valuable mar-
ble, and likewise splendid tile mantels in geometrical figures. They
also lay tile and marble flooiing, and execute tessellated work in this
direction in the highest style of the art; arrange grat«s and terra
cotta fireplaces, and specially treat tiles, tile floors, and marble
work. A full stock of goods is always carried that belong to their
business, together with brass goods, and everything pertaining to fire-
places. A special feature is made of Roman mosaic « oik. and, as
expert, practical workmen only are employed, the very best satis-
faction is always given. The prices that prevail are formed by
moderation, and all work is fully warranted. Mr. J. M. Nason was
bom in Washington. D. C, and besides being a thorough busine.«
man, is a gentleman of most excellent taste and judgment. Pie-
vious to engaging in business in this city he was with the firm of J.
S. Conner & Co., in the city of New York. Mr. James E. Hay is a
native of England, and was formerly manager and superintendent
for W. Briggs. the contractor, at Manchester, in that country. He
is thirty seven years old, and has been in the United States for some
time. He is a gentleman of .splendid artistic abilities, and he and
Mr. Nason are active,' energetic business men of character and
standing, and sustain a high reputation in this community. The-
premises occupied by the firm are 30x120 feet in area, and the dis-
play made of splendid artistic mantels, tiling, etc., is one of the
largest and most complete and perfect in its variety to be seen in
Buffalo.

FJ. LEDERER, Printing and Embossing, No. 673 Jefferson
Street.— An enterprising and popular house devoted to the
J printing, embossing, and bevel edging, and mailing tubes
industry in the eastern district of the city of Buffalo is that
of Mr. F. J. Lederer, at No. 67S Jefferson Street. It was establishe.l
in 1879 in premises situate in the same block of buildings in which it
now is. and from the start the patronage secured was of a most ex-
tensive and influential character. In February, 1890, removal was
made to the neat and commodious quarters now utilized for the pur-
poses of the business. They comprise a fine two-story building.
28x61 feet in dimensions, are easy ot access, spacious and com-
modious, and are admirably adapted for the carrying on ot the large
amount of business transacted. The ofSee is situate in the front of
the building, is handsomely furnished and provided with every
facility for the proper display of the samples of fine work done by
the house, and are elegantly fitted up in every particular. The me-
chanical and art departments are located in the rear, and are fully
and completely equipped with all the latest improved machinery
and appliances, as well as the finest materials, including four
modern pres.^e^. stTeotyjie. embossing and bevel edging ma-
chin.-; ■■ , ■■:■' ,■ .; -! ', ihi-iiiiil ni' 111 l> |i.- in all the latest styles and

dfsi- ■ J I . I ' 'il his. cuts, and general job

pi'i" ! liii.i' I i mill. I'-.M'r, .ind a large cap.icity for

and tliu house is prep.iied to execute orders of any description :ir
the shortest notice and at very rea.sonabIe prices. The work turned
out is noted for the neatness and taste displayed, and will compare
with that ot any similar establishment in the city. It includes
church and society printing, letter, note, bill, and statement of ac-
count headings, envelope and postal card work, business, visiting,
and direction cards; wedding, party, ball, and reception work, hotel
and restaurant bills of fare, placards and announcement posters,
hand bills, books, legal and catalogue work, in fact everything usu-
.illy done in a first-class commercial house. The work is first-class
in every feature of merit, in design, fineness of finish, and artistic
excellence, and is executed at lowest rates. Estimates are furnished
and contracts entered into for the execution of all kinds of printing.
The business done is very extensive, proving the high appreciation
in which the work of thi-f house is held. Mr. Lederer is thoroughly ex.
Iierienced in all the intricacies of his art. He is a member of I. O O. F. ,
Knights ot Pythias. Uniformed Rank, Red Men, and of the Order of
United Friends, and is as popular iu social as in business circles.

ILLUSTRATED

THE dUEEN
:i CITY OF THE LAKES.

GOODYEAR RUBBER CO., E. A. Roclcwood. Manager, Mnnu-
fuctunrs or luid Ui-aleis in Rublwr Goods of Evciy Dcscrip-
lion. No. ;!-10 Muin Street and No. I) West Seneca Street.— To
tlie Into Charles Goodyear the world owes a never eudintC
debt ..f gratitude as llio discoverer and inventor of the processes
iind nielhoda by which crude rubber can bo worked up into the
thousand and one articles of use and ornament that are absolutely
indispi-nsuble. The famous nnd mammoth Goodyear Rubber Com-
pany is the only legitimate succe.ssor as sole manufacturer of goods
which have a right to bear this honored name as a trade mark, and
hero in Buffalo, the sole representative of the company is Colonel
E. A. Rockwond. His trade is by fur the largest in this line, both at
wholesale and retail, in western New Tork, while he is one of Buf-
falo's most enterprising and public spirited citizens. After a valu-
able mei-canliie experience, he settled in Buffalo in 1870, and as
senior partner of the firm of Roekwoo<l & Burr, opt-ned a rubber
goods store ot No. S42 Main Street. In ISTd ho became sole pro-
pri«tor, and then connected the business with and became sole
representative here of the Goodyear Rubber Co., with its million
dolhirs of cash capital, six immense factories, and the control of the
world's trade for the best rubber goods made. In the Colonel the
company has one of its most able and indefatigable, honorable and
progressive representatives. He is a merchant ot the soundest
Judgment and marked executive ability, and has ever retained the
confidence of lending commercial and financial circles. He is a
native of Enfield, Mtuss.. and when sixteen years of age came to New
York, where he entered the great wholesale dry goods bouse of Lee,
Bliss & Co. as clerk. He was a valued employee, trusted and
promoted, and in 1863 left them to accept a responsible position with
S. B. Chittei'dcn & Co. Be continued there three years, and then
returned to Messr-s. Lee, Bliss & Co., for whom he was buyer for
their hosiery department for five years. This is the most responsi-
ble post a man can hold in trade, and Mr. Rockwood acquitted him-
self most acceptably. He has thus had a most active and successful
mercjintile career, and also has a military record that is at once
proof of his patrioti-iin and strategic capacity nnd personal gallantry.
Wli.'ii the war bioke out lie was a member of the famous old Seventh
Regiment of New York City, nnd served in it through the desperate
New Y.irk Diaft Riots. He was also the adjutant-general of the
Fourth Division National Guard, nnd has the following additional
record of service: Two years a lieutenant of the Seventeenth Regi-
ment, adjutant of the Seventy-fourth Regiment (Buffalo), and
ins|iecter of militia rifle practice, of Eighth Brigade ami Fourth
Division. He hus had a direct active connection of twenty-eight
years with the National Guard, and is one of its most intelligent
promoters and experienced general officers. For fifteen yeore he
has also qualified as a marksman, with a high record at the Rifle
Ranges. He has maile many sacrifices in the interest of the foi'ce,
and no man has more permanently retained the respect and con-
fidence of his comrales. As a merchant. Colonel Rockwood has
developed a magnificent trade, and widespread, influential connec-
tions. He has the largest and finest retail rubber goo.ls warehouse
at No. 240 Main Street, a'.iIOO feet in dimensions, while connecting
in " L" shape at No. 9 West Seneca Street he has a four story and
ba,sement building, also 25x100. devoted to Ihe wholesale deport-
ments, and three other floors a-e kept for storage of reseive stock.
Mr. Rockwood is carrying a stock worth 8100,000 and doing J.'iOO.OOO
worth of traile annually. He handles all goods of tho Goodyear
Rubber Company make, recogniz&lly tho best in tho world, made
strictly from purest Para rubber, by the most improved mechanical
processes, and ever maintained at the highest standard of excel-
lence. This is headquarVrs for rubber, leather, anri canvas belting;
packing rubber and le ither hose, elevator supplies, mill supi^lies,
the fln-st grades of rubber and Mcintosh clothing; Ihe famous
'* gold seal" bnuid of rubher boots and shoes; all rlas.ses of sportiug
goods for hunters, fishermen, etc ; submarine ormor and diving
apparatus; mechanical goods, druggists' sundries, including the best
and largest stock of syringes, also combs, malch-boxcs. etc.; sad-
dlery, carriage and horse goods, stationers' supplies, rubber mats,
nmtting. etc.-in fact all articles manufactured in whole or in p irt
from rubber. The Oondvear Company uses onlv pure Pnra rubber,
full of ela.stlcity and strength in iheir boots nnd shoes. Unscrupu-
lous coiicei-ns use and mix in old mbher shoes anil other rotten
materials with the result that their goods are unreliable, tear, crack,
and wear out. giving no satisfaction and deceiving the public. Rec-

ollect this is the only store in BiifTaio connected with the Goodyear
Rubber Co., and where only reliable, pure, honet^t, and tho most
skilfully made goods ai-e sold. Colonel Rockwood does the bulk of
the trade io rubber goods throughout western New York, Ohio, part
of Penn-sylvanla, etc., cast Indiana, West Virginia, Canada, etc., ond
has thiee travelling men on the road all the time. Colonel Rock-
wood gives personal diicctlon Io this great concern, and it is a
model one in all respects. He is popular in social cii-cles, and is a
truo philanthropist, interested in many charitable causes, notably
as president of the Humane Society, and trustee of tho Newsboys'
Home. In all the relotions ot life he is found true to duty, faiihful
In the performance of every obligation, and a worthy exponent of
the most advanced plane ot modern commercial life.

ERIE COUNTY SAVINGS BANK, Nos. 434 to 488 Main Street,
Comer of Court Street; David R. Morse, President; Robert S.
Donaldson, Secretary and Treasuier.— This successful and
substantial savings bank was inl854incorporatcdand organized
for encouraging industrious persons to save a portion of their earn-
ings and accumulate a fund to be available in old age or sickness.
It at once won confidence, support, and business, and its career reflects
the greatest credit upon the executive ability displayed in its man-
agement. The depositson January 1. 1890. amounted to Sl3,T65,C.'>4.48,
and its surplus to $3,426,191.80. The bank first began business on the
coiner of North Division and Main Streets, and in 1857 removed to
corner Erie and Main Sti-eets, and in 1865 to Its present location.
The first president was Wm. A. Bird, who was succeeded by James
C. Harrison, G. T. Williams, and by David R. Morse, the present
president, September, 1889. The bank is ably officered, and its
trustees include somo of the most prudent, honorable, and success-
ful men in the business community, viz.: David R. Morse, president;
Pliilo D. Beard, firet vice president; Oliver J. Eggert, second vice
president; Robert S. Donaldson, secretary and treasurer; E. C.
Sprague, attorney. Trustees. G. T. Williams, David R. Morse,
F. Augustus Georger, Alexander Brush, Henry M. Kent, Alfred P.
Wright, Charles Greiner, George W. Townsend, James H. Lee.
Henry M. Watson, Oliver J. Eggert, Philo D. Beard, Frederick H.
James, James Sweeney, and Robert S. Donaldson. Mr. Morse, the
president, was born in South Westerlo, Albany County, N. Y.,
October 14, 1819. He was brought up on a farm, and eventually
went to the metropolis and for five years was there a clerk in a dry
goods house. In 184-3 he came to Buffalo, and became a partner in
the dry goods house of Morse & Mulligan. Granite Block. In 1850 he
resigned and embarked in the ship chandlery business, in which he
has secured a considerable fortune. He has also added largely to
his wealth by judicious investments. In 1879 he became a director
of this bank. On May 7, 1884, he was elected vice president, and lat-
terly president. During the years 1878 and 1879 Mr. Morse repre-
sented the Tenth Word in the Common Council, but since then has
steadfastly declined all poliiirnl honors. Mr. Donaldson, the secre-
tary and treasurer, is a native of Buffalo, was elected secretary
November, 18S6. and has been twenty-two years in the bonk. He is
an able and energetic officer, eminently qualified for the important
ti-usts reposed in him. The bank is erecting one of the handsomest
and most costly buildings in Bulfolo on the site of what was the
oldest church (First Congregational), a veritable old landmark,
adjoining St. Paul's Episcopal Cathedral on Mam and Niagara
Streets. The site is im>urpassed, ond the space around will show off
the fine proportions of the new building. The building is to be com-
pleted in the spring of 1893. Mr. G B. Post, of New York, being Ihe
architect. It will be len stories high and of stone. The roof will be
of copper, and Ihe firsl^story above the basement, for the use of the
bank, will be very high. Tlio building will contain n large nunilcr <if
superior offices, and will cost Sl.000,000. The base lines .•!' li- I ;
ing have been so arranged that a front of 47 feet has bii-n i
on Main Street, )^7 feet on both Niagara nnd Church sti-' ■
117 feet on Pearl Street. The bank's main banking room wil i -
of f he flncst in Anierico, and over the main portal will stand two
huge sphinxes. Every oflico in the building will open upon one of
the four streets which the building stonds on. Each office baa an
anteroom, thus securing greater privacy. The elevators will he
centrally located, and the building lighted by eleclricitj-, while no
pains nor expense will be spared to make it complete in evei-y detail.
The Erie County Savings Bank is a lasting credit to ilie Qucon City,
and a monument to the energy and ability of Its officer^; and founders.

ILLUSTRATED

^IJVFFALOjC^

THE EAST BUFFALO STOCK YARDS, L. B. Crocker, super-
intendent.— Though the rise of the dressed beef business of the
west has to some extent checked the growth of the trade at
Buffalo, this is still one of the great livestock marts of the con-
tinent, and the largest sheep market in the world. This is a univer-
eally admitted, and whoever may gainsay it, it has likewise to be con-
ceded that the stock yards of Buffalo have contributed more to make
the city famous than all her other interests combined. These re-
marks are the outcome of your reporter's visit to the East Buffalo
Stock Yards controlled by the New York Central and Hudson River
Railroad Company. The yards cover about eighty acres of ground
and present a model of neatness, cleanliness, good order, exactitude
and facility in the transaction of business such as can be found no-
where else, Chicago not even excepted, A stone platform ;iOOO feet
long with sixty-two receiving chutes, through which medium a like
number of cars can be unloaded at the same time, opening into a
lane running east and west, via which the cattle, sheep and hogs are
distributed in their different departments. The yards are paved
throughout with Medina sand stone, illuminated with electric light,
and the work of loadmg or unloading is carried on by night or day.
Water is supplied from the city water works, supplemented by four
immense tanks, which are furnished with well water operated by a
steam power engine owned by the stock yard company. The yards
contain ten fifty tons capacity Fairbanks scales. The levers, bear-
ings, and working parts, being overhead, are removed from damp-
ness, dul; and filth, the cause of incorrect weight in pit scales. Mr.
L. L. Crocker invented the adjustment of the weighing apparatus
mentioned above and now in general use among cattle dealers. The
drainage is perfect, and sheds afford shelter from inclement weather.
The cattle department has a housing capacity of 10,000 head; the two
buildings of the sheep department have a housing capacity of no less
than 2.5,000 head all under cover, while in the hog department simi-
lar accommodation is afforded for 30,000 head. In what degree this
mammoth enterprise is prospering may be deduced by a comparison
of the cattle receipts between 1880 and 1880: cattle receipts, 1880, 78,-
865,3>4; 1889, 118,273,430. In ISe.'), the New York Centra] yards were
first opened to the public. The first hogs were yarded in December,
and the first cattle in January 1R(J4. Mr. Jjeonard Crocker, grand-
father of the present superintendant, was manager of the sheep and
cattle department, and Messrs. Metcalf and Cushing in charge of the
hog department. Leonard Crocker was unfortunately drowned In
1870, and was succeeded by his son. Mr. Lemuel H. Crocker, who on
his decease in 1885. was in turn succeeded by his eon. Mr. L. B4
Crocker, who is the present able and efficient superintendent of this
gigantic enterprise.

THE CARY SAFE COMPANY (Limited), cor. Scott and Chicago
Streets.— The increase in the number and wealth of industrial
establishments, and the rapid growth and sudden development
of the banking business, which is a natural and necessary re-
sult, as well as the increasing and reiterated attempts of the burglari-
ously disposed to enrich themselves without toil at the expense of
the industrious, and the increased risks of the loss of valuables,
books, and documents, owing to the augmented danger from fire,
have combined to place the manufacture of fire and burglar proof
safes and vaults among the leading scientific industries of the age.
The time is long past when the perfection of safe making was con-
sidered to have been attained by the production of a strong Iron
chest, of which the sole merit was that it was too weighty and cum-
bersome to be bodily carried away, and that only one particular key
would allow its heavy iron door to be thrown back upon its hinges.
Whatever its advantages may have been as to protection against
Are, it offered but little resistance to the slcilled cracksman, whose
skill and activity have usually kept abreast of tbe march of improve-
ments. Science and industrial skill have, however gained the lead,
and of the many devices designed to protect property against thiev-
ish hands, none occup.v a higher eminence than the widely known
fire and "burt^lar proof vaults and safes manufactured In this city by
The Cary Safe Company (Limited). This business was first estab-
lished by Messrs. H. D. & S. L. Cary, who for several years con-
ducted a large jobbing and retail business in this line of trade. In
1880 1 !ie present company was formed, the members of the old firm
continuing with the new company, and a manufacturing business in
this lino of goods was embarked in. The premises now occupied by
the works of this enterprising concern are located at the comer of

Scott and Chicago streets and cover over an acre and one-half of
ground and comprise an entire three story building, having a front-
age of 100 feet by a depth of 350 feet, besides several smaller build-
ings. They are fitted up with all the latest improved machinery,
requisite for the manufacture of their products, and a large body of
skilled workmen are kept in steady employment under the direction of
the superintendent, who has had over twenty years' experience In this
line. In addition to the large trade that they are now having in the
ordinary fire and burglar proof work, bank vaults, etc. (and they are
now making shipments into nearly every state and territory in the
Union) they have latel.v placed on the market a new patent screw
door burglar proof safe. Intended entirely for bank use, which is
formed by cutting a heavy thread absolutely Into the body of the
door, making it round and by a system of gear wheels, etc., screwing
It in absolutely air and water tight. This particular product, we are
informed, meets with great favor and success, and after an inspec-
tion by anyone of this wonderful safe does not leave a possibility of
a doubt as to Its being the most absolute burglar proof and finest
constructed safe in existence.

VOLNEYP. EINNE, Men's Outfitter and Manufacturer of Fine
Custom Shirts, No. 307 Main Street.— Buffalo's fashionable
outfitter is Mr. Volney P. Kinne, whose attractive establish-
ment i'i centrally located at No 307 Main Street The busi-
ness was estabhshed in 1886 by Messrs Kendall and Kinne, succeeded
in 1889, by Mr. Einne alone He brmgs to bear bpecial quahfica-
tions He manifests correct t.iste s.iiiiul uiilL'nient and original
ideas, while he bao itill 1 Oiere and always

-^b»

furnishiui ^ .,.j> .1, l,.u, .1.. ..[ >%t",it , 1, is, u i..ii» U ith character-
istic enterpiise he has leceutly opened a custom shut factory, that
ranks second to none in this country. Although many signs " shuts
to or Jer " are seen displayed by dealere everywhere, few of such deal-
ers actually have their shirts made by their own employees, but send
their orders to some shirt factory to be filled. Mr. Kinne however,
has all his shirts made on his own premises and employs the very
best help to be had In the country, paying unusually large prices to
secure ibem from other cities. All materials used are of his ovm
special selection and well adapted to the finest grade of custom
work. All his shirts are cut from an entirely new principle, and an
absolute guarantee as to quahty and perfect fit goes with every gar-
ment that leaves this model establishment. Fine shirts, dress shirts,
negligee shirts, night robes, Pajama suits, underwear, collars and
cuffs are among the principal articles made to special measure. He
suppUes the members of leading social and business circles with
shirts, UDdenvear, hosiery, gloves, tennis suits, bathing suits, smok-
ing jackets, etc. His characteristic enterprise Is shown in his pub-
lication of Men's Weay^ a monthly bulletin of men's fashions, which
Is beautifully illustrated, and is bright, crisp, and instructive. He is
a direct importer of all foreign goods in these lines, and handles only
the best grades of everything. His annual catalogue fully describes
the principal articles kept in stock and made to order.

ILLUSTRATED

UFFALOjC.

THE Ctl/EEN
CITY or THE LAKES.

GW. SMITH LUMBKR COMPANY, Ni). IS-,' Clinton Street. -
rromineut in niuk ia thv principal indutttrIeK of the "Queen
, City of tlie I^jikes" is Iho whoK(>.\le handling of lumlKT,
iind rankiUK forcmot among tbe chief conci'rns tliat are
not only now actively identified with this linjKirUmt commercial in-
terest, but which have for more than a lifetime shared largely in
the eirorts of developing Ibis branch of commerce to its preBent ex-
teatUvo proportions, is that of the G. W. Smith Lumber Company.
This is a line of enterprise that is specially jiortinent to Buffalo hy
n>ason of her far reaching lines of transiwrtation by both rail and
water, and is one that has done as much as any other branch of
trade in fostering and promoting the city's growth and mati^rial
well being. In the steady, iijiward growth of Buffalo's lumber in-
dustry for the past forty years the concern of W. Sn\ith & Sons
has been ever prominently in the forefront, and has always com-
manded the lion's shtire of the trade by reason of its facilities for
promptly and satisfactorily meeting the demands of its customers
at terms beyond the range of legitimate competition, as well as that
of its upright, straightforward business methods. The history of
this old established and highly reputable concern is an interesting
one, and therefore all the more worthy of representation in this
illustrated work on Buffalo's industries and progress The enter-
prise was 6tarte<l at its present location. No. WJ Clinton Street, in
1850 by Mr. George W. Smith, one of Buffalo's old time and esteemed
residents. In later years, and when the enterprise had grown exten-
sively, he tc*k mto portnership his son and son-in law (Mr. P. A.
Baleom), and then it was that the long used and widely known firm
name of G. 'W. Smith & Sons was assumed. Mr. Smith's grandson,
Capt. H. C Baleom, son of Mr. P. A. Baleom, became a member of
the firm in 1S84. In July, 1800, Mr G. W. Smith and Mr. P. A. Bal-
eom retired from the active management of the enterprise, and the
G W. Smith Lumber Company was formed with Capt. H. C. Baleom
as its president. At the same time an amalgmnation was made with
the Empire Lumber Company (Limited), of Pennsylvania, which had
been organized about live years before by Mr. A. M. McClain its
manager and Mr. J. Y. Gossler, who is now the president of that
concern, Capt. H. C. Baleom being its secretary and treasurer. The
hejdquariers of the combined concerns are now at No. 182 Clinton
Street, where, for the purposes of the business a handsomely ap-
pointed, cory office, but presenting all the evidences of business
activity and push, is occupied, together with a spacious yard,
crowded with lumber of all kinds, of all dimensions, and adapted for
all uses. Tbe company have branch offices in Penn Square, Phila-
delphia; in Ridgway, Pa.; in Bradford, Pa., etc.; and they are the
owners of some ten to twelve thousand acres of valuable lumber
land in Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia. They handle not
only lumber from iheir own forests, but also suppUes from other
arbor regions in different secti<ins of the country, a specialty being
made of hemlock and southern pine. In Buffalo the company have
ompio dock accommodation on the harbor, and have three large
yards devoted to tbe storage and seasoning of stock. One of tbes3
is the Clinton Street yard, which is 200xl.''i0feet in size; one, located
on Elm Street, is 16O.x300 feet in measurement; and the third issitu-
auxi ut East Buffab, measures 7511x550 feet, and has the advan-
tages of snitches and direct railroad connections with the lumber
lands and all the great business centres of the Union. In addition
to supplying an extensive local demand, the O. W. Smith Lumber
Company have a widespread trade, and a particularly active one in
the eastern states. They carrj' in stick in theU- several yards mill-
ions of feet of lumber ready for immediate shipment and delivery,
and orders are also filled direct from the forests, where the com-
pany have In use portable saw mills, thus enabling them to supply
immediately lumber in any dimensions, rough, dressed, or matched,
and in any quantity desired. Tbe company also handle flooring, sid-
ing, ceiling, sheathing, shingles, lath, fenceposts, railroad ties, Ten-
nessee red cedar posts, paling and everything required in the wood
line by builders, contractors, etc. In the Buffalo yards and in the
forests the company employ 2£0 hands, besides numerous teams.
The office is furnished with telephonic connection, the call being 7S4,
and all commimicaUons receive immediate attention. The foimder
of this prosperous enterprise, Mr. O. W. Smith, still retains an inter-
est in the concern. He was born in Ithaca, V. Y., nearly four score
years ago, and is one of the oldest and most esteemed residents in
Buffalo. His son in law, Mr. P. A. Baleom, has also an interest In
the concern, which receives the benefit of his long experience and

Judicious advice. He is a native and resident of Buffalo Ills son,
the president of the company, Capt. II. C. Bulcom. is iU.so a native
and resident of this CPty, imd in him the company have a pushing,
wide awake, energetic, and valuable head,
courteous manners and pleasant disposition. The other
the concern ore Messrs. J. Y. Gossler, \. M. McClain, 0. T. Brew,
C. B. Lynes, and W. A. Fleming. Mr. Gossler is a native and resident
of Pennsylvania; Mr. McClain and Mr. Brew belong, both by birth
and residence, to Bradford, Pa.; Mr. Lynes is a native of New York
City, and Mr. Fleming was born in Pennsylvania. AH the gentle-
men named are well known In trade circles and of the highest re
pute and commercial standing. The past of G. W. Smith & Sons
ha-H been a prosperous and honorable one. and its successors, the
G. W. Smith Lumber Company, have a future that is full of bright
prospects ot success.

STACY, BEMENT, DONALDSON & SEDWICK, Commission
Salesmen, Cattle, Hogs, and Sheep: Offlce No. 1019 William
St reel.— The conveyauce of the pilncipal western railroads to
the city of Buffalo make it one of the most accessible and
suitable points in the east for the sale of cattle, slie.-i) and hogs.
Dealers and sliippeis of live sto<'k will find it greatly to their advon-
tage to try the Buffalo market before shipping elsewhere, as it is one
of the best in the country, and has facilities for handling stock sec-
ond to none. In this connection we desire to make special reference
to the progressive and reliable Arm of Messrs. Stacy, Bement. Don-
aldson & Sedwick, commission salesmen of cattle, sheep, and hogs,
whose ofnce is located at No. 1019 William Street. This business was
established in 1871 by Mr. G. W. Stacy, anil after some changes in
1885, Mr. J. L. Bement, and in 1888, Mr. George Donaldson became
partners. Mr. J. B. Sedwick joined the nun in 1889. Messrs. Don-
aldson and Sedwick are cattle salesmen, while Mr. G. W. Stacy is a
hog salesman, and Mr. Bement a sheep salesman. The firm have
every possible convenience, and pei-sonully attend to consignments
of live stock. They wire sales as soon as made. Communications
by mail or telegraph are promptly attended to, and customers are
requested to ship stock in their own names to the care of this re-
sponsible firm, which guarantees prompt sales and immediate re-
turns. Messrs. Stacy and Bement are natives of New York, while
5Ir. Sedwick was bom in Kentucky, and Mr. Donaldson in Michigan.
They are highly regarded by the community for their integrity, and
are very popular in trade circles. The firm handle on Mondajs
(which is the principal market day) from 75 to I'i5 car loads of sUjck
— othei- days in the week about 05 car loads of cattle, hogs, and sheep
daily. The firm will have offices in the new Live Stock Exchange.

PFEIFFER & WINDSOR BROTHERS, Commission Dealers to
Live Stock, New York Central Stock Yards; Offlce No. 9«3
William Street.— Buffalo's growth in every branch of her
commerical interests has been exceedingly rapid in the last
few years, but in no industry has she made greater advancemenu
IhOM in the trade of live stock. Prominent among the leading houses
in the Queen City, extensively engaged in this important business, is
that of Messrs. Pfeiffer & Windsor Brothers, commission dealers in
live stock. New Yoik Central Stock Yards, whose office is located at
No. 903 William Street. This business was established in 1871 by Mr.
C. F. Pfeiffer, who eventually wos joined in 1S72 by Messrs. J. C. and
M. F. Windsor. The partners are experienced and expert live stock
salesmen, and thoroughly able and energetic business men. There an-
no morcaccurateand competent judges of the market than thcy.while
their arrangements for the reception an<l core of stock at the yards
are perfect, and every consignment to them has their close personal
attention. Their connections in the western and northwestern states
are of a very superior character, and Ihey promptly dispose of the
largest consignments of cattle, sheep, and hogs, affording entire satis-
faction to both buyers and sellers. Mr. Pfeiffer is a native of
Fort Wayne, Indiana, while Messrs. J. C. and M. F. Windsor were
born in Wyoming County. N. Y. They are highly regarded in busi-
ness circles for their promptness and sterling integrity, and their
success ill the live stock commission trade of Buffalo is as substjin-
tial, as it is well deserved. Mr. Pfeiffer is now sixty-four years oM,
and has been in the live stock trade since he was a youth. Mr. M. F.
Windsor was formerly of the Chicago Union Stock Vards, and is now
treasurer and manager of the Mikam Rendering and Fcrlilking
Company of Buffalo.

ILLUSTRATED

*SwfalojC.

GERHAJRD LANG'S PARK BREWERY; Office Corner of Best
and Jeffersi>n Stjeets.— No better illustration of the enter-
prise and energy ot Buffalo brewers can be found than in the

fact tliat brewers from otlier cities are unable to successfully
compete with them, and that Buffalo lager beer is to-day not only
in great demand in the city, but is shipped in large quantities to
other sections of the country. One of the largest of the institutions
engaged in tliLs line is that of Geihard Lang's Park Brewery (a
view of which will be found on the opposite page), located in the
eastern section of the city, and occupying the entire block bounded
by Jefferson, Best, Berlin, and Dodge Streets. This brewery was
established in 1845 by Mr. Philip Born, who was subsequently suc-
ceeded by Mr. Jacob Weppner. the latter conducting the business
up to 1863, when the present proprietor succeeded to the control.
Under Mr. Lang's energetic management the business has been de-
veloped to its present immense magnitude. The malt houses and
brewery buildings are of the most improved description, and the
equipment is thorough and complete. There are a number of supe-
rior ice machines of large capacity, the machinery is ot the most
modern character, and the facilities for a perfect production could
not be better. Upwards of a hundred hands are afforded employ-
ment in the various departments, and the annual output amounis to
150,000 barrels of lager beer. This lager is of the best quantity, being
made from selected Canada barley, and it is unsurpassed for purity,
strength, wholesomeness, flavor, and general excellence. All the
malting is done on the premises, some quarter million bushels of
malt being turned out annually. The trade which is very heavy in
the city, also extends to all the eastern states and south to Virginia.
The brewery has branch depots in Boston, Baltimore, and Washing-
ton, and sends shipments to Philadelphia and New York in refriger-
ator cars. Mr. Lang who is German by birth, came to this coun-
try when a lad of fourteen years. This was in 18J8. He has become
thoroughly identilied with the business giowth and social welfare
of Buffalo, and sustains the esteem of all his fellow citizens. In
partnership with him is his son-in-law; Mr. Edwin G. S. Miller, who
assumes charge of the work done in the brewery and malt houses.
He isa native Bnffalonian, popularly known in the conimimity, and
is a business man of sound abiliry and thorough experience.
i»^OATSWORTH & EDDY. Plumbers, Gas and Steam Fitters, and
I Dealers in Plumbers' and Gas Fitters' Supplies, Hot Air Fur-
\j naces. Etc., No. 39 Court Street.— A progressive and reliable

house in Buffalo, actively engaged in the sale of plumbing
supplies. chandeUers, etc , is that of Messrs. Coatsworth & Eddy,
whose office and salesrooms are located at No 39 Court Street. This
business was estabUshed in 1R89 by Messrs. C. J. Coatsworth and
R. T. Eddy, who have since built up a liberal and permanent patron-
age in all sections of Buffalo, and its vicinity. Ti ey occupy a spa-
cious store and basement 30x80 feet in area, where tbey keep con-
stantly on hand a superior stock of plumbers', gas and steam fitters'
supplies, chandeliers, etc.; also Floral City hot air furnaces, combi-
nation hot water and air. Thsir store is headquarters for natural
gas fitting in every branch and they make a specialty of its various
devices, being sole agents for the Welsbach Incandescent Gas Light
tor natural gas; also the Siemens, Lunarew and Gorden Lamp, the
only successful competitor to the electric light gas lamp, hand-
some in appearance, resembling electric light without the disagree-
able noise and flicker; infinitely appropriate for illuminating offices,
stores, factories, mills, show windows, libraries, billiard rooms, and
especially adapted for u.se in stable, cellar, etc.. where an enclosed
light is desired. This is a system of burning both natural and illu-
minating gas, whereby its illuminating power is increased from 300
to 400 per cent, without trouble or much expense or annoyance, and
the perfect combustion obtained is productive of a beautiful, agree-
able, and diffusive li-;ht. These lights can be fitted to ordinary sup-
ply pipes and fixtures without alteration. Natural gas burners of
every description are kept in stock and houses are piped for natural
gas on lowest estimates The firm handle only the best goods, and
offer advantages in prices, very difficult to be dupUoated elsewhere.
They also attend carefully to plumbing, gas and steam fitting, and
guarantee complete satisfaction to patrons. Their two story brick
factory is on West Genesee Street, opposite the Buffalo Gas Works.
The firm are assisted in the management of their business by Mr, A.
Hopkins, the superintendent ot the furnace department, and by
Mr. .Tno B. Rothfiis, superintendent of the sanitary department.

Mr. Hopkins was for six years with the Carton Furnace Company of
Utica, N. Y.; while Mr. Rothfus was for twenty-two years with Mr.
J. D. Smith, the best informed man in his line in the city. The firm
undertake the entire plumbing of new buildings, and employ only
first class workmen and use the best materials. Both Messrs Ccats.
worth & Eddy are natives of Buffalo, where they are highly esteemed
by the community for their skill, promptness, and mtegrity.

LIPPITT & ELMSLIE, Life Sized Crayon Portraits, Prints,
Frames, and Artists' Goods, Nos. 37 and 39 Court Street.—
While reviewing the trades of Buffalo we would not be doing
justice to our readers to omit a consideration ot the arts. In
this, no firm perhaps, is attracting so much deserved attention as
that of Lippitt & Elmslie, whose spacious premises occupy the fifth,
sixth and seventh floors of the Tucker Block, Nos 37 and 39 Court
Street. The business of this firm is devoted to the making of finished
life sized crayon portraits, prints, frames, in fact everything re-
quired by the wholesale trade for artists, cop.ying houses and agents.
The business was established by Lippitt & Elmslie in 1886, and under
their ingenious management the cost of work has been reduced until
they now give it to the trade at about seventy per cent of the ordinary
prices. This accounts for the wonderfully rapid growth of their
trade, which has increased so rapidly that they have been taxed to
the utmost to increase their facilities so as to flU theu- orders. A fact
which can be appreciated when one realizes ihat the firm Ls now
making annually, upwards of 18,000 portraits and keep employed
about 30O artists. The ingenious processes and systems by which
this firm carries on its work would be extremely mteresting to our
readers, but would occupy too much space to be here described.
They turn out an elegant line of work and it is a matter of great
benefit to the art dealers, as well as theu- patrons, that, the busi-
ness of crayon portraits, prints, etc , has been so revolutionized by
Lippitt & Ehnslie that first class work can be fm-nished at their
greatly reduced prices; and the firm has acquired a reputation and
patronage never before achieved by any firm in this line of business.
The extension of their trade has led to the establishment ot branch
houses in a number of cities. Mr. ElmsHe, the managing partner, is
an Englishman by birth, and has gained the respect and admira-
tion of the business commimity by the honesty of his dealings and
the ability displayed in building up and carrying on their enterprising
business. Mr Lippitt was born in Pennsylvania, and is a practical
artist of marked ability, skilled in all the departments and aU the
artistic work being under his supervision and inspection explains
the fine quality of aU the work sent out. These gentlemen seem
naturally suited to co-operate in partnership in the carrying on of
such a business and are naturally popular with those using their
work, for American people feel very kindly toward a firm who is
able to save them fifty to sixty per cent on cost of goods.

THOMAS & WALKER, Real Estate; Rooms. Nos. 11 and 13 Hay-
en Building.— There are but few firms in th" city engaged in
the real estate business who enjoy the confidence and esteem
of all with whom they have dealings to a greater extent ihan
Messrs. Thomas and Walker. They are yoimg men in the prime of
life who have given the business especial attention since 1876. and
have been prominently connected with many large and important
operations. While tbey pay particular attention to the pmcliase
and sale of city property, and all matters pertaining to the real
estate business, they make a special feature of buying for capitalists,
acreage or "acre prnpeity" which is syndicated or divided itito
builditig lots and sold on easy methods of payment. During the
present year tbey have handled bnililing sites and acre property
valued at over $1,000,000. Tbey are active, enterprising, business
men ot unquestioned reputation, and are endorsed and recommend-
ed bv capitalists and citizens generally. Mr. Thomas is the prcprie-
tor and founder ot thoMi-ll l^-i " t: TlH.mas's Drug Store" of No.
lG9.'\llenStreet,whlchlKisi . n. i ' I ' .>1 since 18:2, and endorsed
bythemedicalprofession.il 1 ■ :: ■ i .illy, as one of the oldest

and most reliable pharm;io .^ in ; i . i ■ 3Ir. Fred B. Walker is a
young man who is builrling up a splendid reputation, especinlly as a
salesman. The amovmt of property that be has sold during the past
few years is phenomenal. He caref ullv looks a fter the interests of his
clients and is correct, upright, and fair in all his dealings. Their
ofBces which are very neatly and tastefully fitted up, are in rooms
Nos. 1 1 and 12 Haven Building comer Main and Seneca Streets.

•ILLUSTRATED
THE
CITY OF THE LAKES.

ji^ ^ J.'^^^SH??"..

121

ILLUSTRATED

123

^^B^FFALOM.

THE av/£EN
5ITY OF THE LAKES.

THE HAWKS BOOK STORE, Riley & Jones, Proprietors, No.
31 East Seneca Street, Opposite the Postofflce.— The oUl-
establislied " Hawks Book Store," is without exception the
best known headquarters tor books and stationery and office
supplies in the city. It was founded in 1841 by Mr. T. I. Hawks,
whose name it bears, and by whom it was conducted in a most suc-
cessful manner for a period of upwards of halt a century. He com-
menced operations in Seneca Street, between Main and Washington,
and thirty years aso removed to the premises now occupied at No.
31 on that thoroughfare, opposite the postofflce, and continued the
busmess until November, 1888, when he was succeeded by the pres-
ent proprietors, Messrs. Philip M. Riley and Paul A. Jones, who are
practical, experienced young men. They are conducting the busi-
ness in the same honorable, upright manner, and upon the same
liberal principles that made the establishment so popular in the
days of its founder. The copartners have made many improvements
in the store, and very materially increased the stock. Besides their
splendid retail business, they have cultivated a flourishing wholesale
trade. The premises comprising two floors, each 30x80 feet, are
practicaUy arranged, and a laige and varied stock is carried, em-
bracing bonks of all kinds, including scientific, historical, theological,
and mathematical works, law books, poetry, and the standard novels
and light literature, illustrated works, school and college text-books,
bibles, hymnals, prayer books, albums, juvenile books, and booklets
and maps, globes, and plain and fancy, and counting-house sta-
tionery of every description; also blank books, memorandum books,
magazines, periodicals, and the London and Paris newspapers,
which are received regularly and delivered to patrons at reasonable
prices. A special feature is made of picture cards, photos, fancy
articles, and H. M. Smith's gold pens and holders. Base ball and
tennis goods is another feature, the assortment of this class of goods
being one of the laigest and best to be found in the city. Messrs.
Riley and Jones are prominently known in commercial circles, and
are held in the most favorable repute, because of their enterprise
and their upright, honorable, business methods.

ALBERT J. WOLF, Dealer in Coal, Wood, Best Grades of Flour.
Feed, Hay, Grain, Oats, Com, Etc., No. 200 Rhode Island
Street, Corner of West Avenue. -A popular and reUable
business house on the West Side of the city, and one rapidly
acquiring a very enviable reputation tor handhng only the very best
commodities and for Uberal, square dealings, is that of Mr. Albert J.
Wolf, whose offlce and yard are located at No. 200 Rhode Island Street,
comer of West Avenue. Mr. Wolf, who is sole proprietor, was bom in
Marshall, Michigan, in 18C3, and is by trade a printer. He estabUshed
his present business in 1889, and has developed a very large and in-
fluential trade. The premises are of ample dimensions and com-
prise a finely appointed offlce with yard, 80x150 feet in dimensions,
on which are provided ample shed room and suitable buildings for
the stor£«e of the various commodities dealt in, while every faclity
is possessed for the prompt transaction ot business. The stock car-
ried is always full and complete and embraces the best quaUties of
anthracite and bituminous coals, received direct from the most cele-
brated mines; fire and kindling wood in all sizes; Urban's, Thorn-
ton & Chester's. Banner MilUng Company's, and other equaUy fa-
mous brands of new roller process, spring and winter wheat family
flour; rye, Graham, and buckwheat flom-; oatmeal, yellow and
white' bolted and unbolted cornmeal, chopped and cracked com and
oats; baled timothy, clover, red-top, blue-grass, and other varieties of
dean and bright hay; oat, wheat, and rye straw; heavy and clean
oats, shelled and unshelled corn; bran, middhngs, shorts, ship stuffs,
screenings, meal cakes, in tact all kinds ot animal provender. The
famUy coal handled by this house, and of which a specialty is made,
is thoroughly screened and cleaned before delivery. The stock of
wood embraces aU kinds ot hickory, oak, maple, beech, birch, also
yellow pine and hemlock. The lowest prices prevail, and a specialty
is made of prompt dehvery. Mr. Wolf is a pleasant, courteous, and
energetic young man, prompt and reliable, and justly merits the
success achieved.

CJ. BUCHHEIT, Real Estate and Insurance, Rhode Island
Street, near Richmond Avenue.— The real-estate interests of
the Queen City of the Lakes have attained withm recent
* years such magnitude tliat they certainly represent the
most important factor of Buffalo's financial strength, and have en-
listeA in their service the highest order of talent, energy, .nnd pnfor

prise to be found among its citizens. A popular and representaUvo
house engaged in this business and its kindred branches, and enjoy-
ing a deservedly high reputation for reUability and honorable busi-
ness methods, is that of Mr. Charies J. Buchheit, whose offlce is
located on Rhode Island Street, near Richmond Avenue. Mr. Buch-
heit was born in this city in 1860, and is a mechanical draughtsman
by profession ; and havmg an intimate knowledge ot the city and its
surroundings, he inaugurated this enterprise, which under his judi-
cious management has grown to its present magnitude and impor-
tance. The patrons of the house include many ot our most promi-
nent investors and property owners. Mr. Buchheit's offlce is of am-
ple dunensions, is neatly appomted and provided with every faciUty
for the transaction of busmess, and is open in the evenings. He
transacts a general real-estate business, buying, selling, exchanging
and lettmg ot real estate ot all kinds, and has upon bis books, at all
tunes, full descriptions of the choicest residential and business prop-
erties, vacant lots, etc., for sale, is constantly .securing fresh and de-
sirable bargains tor investors, and makes West Side residences and
building lots a specialty. He takes full charge and management ot
estates, securing responsible tenants, collecting rents, paying taxes,
and effecting necessary repairs and improvements judiciously and
economically. Loans are also promptly and satisfactorily negotiated
on bonds and mortgages. Mr. Buchheit is the agent ot the Home Fire
Insurance Company of New York, and several other equaUy safe
companies, and is prepared to place risks and issue policies for any
amount compatible with safety upon all kinds ot property on the
most moderate terms. He is a popular and agreeable gentleman,
prompt, energetic, and honorable in his deaUngs, and along with his
other duties he is treasurer of the Richmond Avenue Dime Savings
Association and vice president of the Buffalo Building and Investment
Company, and enjoys the full confidence of the entire community.

|HE

BARBER ASPHALT PAVING COMPANY, Chapin
Block; A. L. Barber, Esq., President; F. V. Green, Vice-
President;

rpi

I President; D. O. Wickham, Treasurer, and J. C. Rock.
Secretary.— The Barber Asphalt Paving Company Ls the larg-
est concern of its kind in the world, and leads all others in the supe-
riority of its pavements, produced by improved processes, which
secure durability, elegance, economy, and a perfect surface. The
company was organized in 1883 by Mr. A. L. Barber, the president, a
prominent capitalist of New York City, where the mam offlces of
the company are. It has developed interests ot enormous magni-
tude, and has chosen Buffalo as the location of its immense works
and yards by reason of the superior facilities existing here. The
main works are on the line ot the Erie Canal, on Fourth, Maryland,
and Virginia 'streets, and are equipped with all the appliances tor
preparing asphalt for use in its various forais. The yard is on
Walden Avenue, between Roetzer Street and the Belt line. 120x600
feet in size, while there is Rn>dditional yard on the Erie Canal and
forty-five acres ot land on Delevan and Fillmore Streets, affording
room for the extension of the manufacturing and storage facilities.
The company has demonstrated that its asphalt is all that is claimed
tor it. Their work is now laid in every section of the United States,
and everywhere gives entire satisfaction. They are now laying
their pavements in the principal streets of Lockport, N. Y. The
company has done seventy-five miles ot street paving for Buffalo
Mr. H. J. Warren, the superintendent, li.-is had a vast experience in
this line, and enforces a thorough system ot organisation, while he
has the finest plant in the worid. in full working order. Estimates
and specifications are furnished and contracts entered into. Mr. H.
J. Warren is a Boston ian by birth, resident here since 1881, and
deservedly popular and respected. Mr. W. J. Warren is the cashier
of the Buffalo establishment, while Messrs. J. C. Rock, and D. O.
Wickham, are secretary and treasurer respectively, with headquar-
ters in New York. The company is now doing a business of enor-
mous magnitude, employing from 1000 to 1500 hands, and N putting
down the finest and most durable pavements in the world, infinitely
superior to Belgian block, macadam, wood or anything else. Maps
showing the streets paved in Buffalo by the Barber Asphalt Com
pany can be procured from Messrs. Matthews, Northrop & Co., or
at the offlce of the company in the Chapin Block Capt. F. V.
Green is a practical man, a graduate ot West Point, and was
formerly of the Engineers Corps. U. S. A., and had charge of the
Public Works in the District ot Columbia, a position which he re-
s!;rned to bi-eome vice-president of this company.

LLl/STRATED

^^8yFFAL0A

Sl^ UIIAVES & CO., Itvulers in i'apcr 11ui>k1i>k^, Ituuiii MoulU-
in^rs. Window Shades. Wood Floors, and (Juueral Interior
, Iifcoraiions, No. 174 Pi-nrl Street. —AlihoiiKli but a com-
puralivety short time established, S. L. (.iraves & Co.,
lii'^ilt-rs in paper baiigiD^, room iiiouUlinf^, etc.. and peneral in-
terior decorators, No. 174 I'earl Street, have already secured « hold
on popular favor vouchsafed to few, if indeed any, in their line in
liuffalo. They are unquestionably one of the lending and most
responsible firms engaged in the branches of business above indi-
cated in this city, and have a very large and intiueniiiil paironafre,
their trade extending throughout the entire county. The assort-
ment of goods displayed in the establishment is of a most superior
character, being at once rich, elegant and excellent, and eveiy
article sold here is warranU'd as repi-esenie*!, while all work executed
is guaRiuteed flrst-class. The prices quoted, too, are excei>tionally
low, i|uality of goods and character of workmanship consideivd,
and perfect satisfaction is assured in every instance. This enter-
prising and prosperous flrni was esUiblished on February 34 of the
present year, and bounded at once into prominence. The store,
which is 35x80 feet, with commodious Imscment in conuectii.n, is
elegantly flttetl up and well ordered in every department, and
several courteous assistants are in altendano*', while ten to a dozen
expert workmen are employed likewise. The stock, which is exten-
sive and attractive, includes superb productions in wall papers auvl
borders in plain and artistic designs and exquisite pattern.-*, both of
foreign and American manufacture; beautiful room mouldings,
dados, friezes, window shades, and kindred decorations; also wood
tloors, art novelties, and a full line of Xorlhrop's jintent panelled
metal ceilings, for which ihe firm are agents. Kstiniates are fur-
nished on all classes of interior ilecorating, and all orders are at-
tended to in the most expeditions and trustworthy manner, tlie
proprietors exercising close pei-senal supervision over every detail.
Messrs. S. L. Graves and F. T. C'oppins, the members of the firm.
are gentlemen in the full prime of life, and natives respectively of
Massachusetts and Canada, but residents of this city each a long
lime, the junior partner coming to Buffalo in his youth. Both are
men of practical skill and many years' experience in the exercise of
their art, as well os of push and energy, and have won success by
deserving it.

QUEEN CITY WIRE WORKS, No. 189 Seneca Street.- This busi-
ness was established in 18*1, under the name of the Niagara
Iron Works, by which it was known until 1889, when the
present firm name was substituted. A large and widespread
trade throughout the city and the whole of western New York has
been Imilt up, and there is a steadily growing demand for the pio-
ductions of the house. The works and warerooms are extensive and
of a superior cliaracter, and occupy tlie entire tliree-story brick
building on Seneca Street numbered 189, the dimensions of each
floor being S.'ixSJ feet. The premises are fully equipped with the
l.ite-Jt improved machinery and appliances, and constant emjjloy-
ment is given to a large staff of skilled workmen, the partners them-
.selves giving close personal supervision over every department cf
tlie industry. The firm claims, anl apparently are justified in so
doing, to have the best equipped wire works in the country. They
manufacture all grades of ir.m, copper, and bra.s3 wire cloth; coal,
sand, and ash screens; fire proof wire lathing; meat safes; foundr>'
ri lilies; oat, coal, and ash sieves; casting brushes; steak, oyster, and
vesetable broilers, both light and heavy hotel broilers; spark-guards
of coppered wire, and fire fenders; galvanized wire conductor strain-
ers; ornamental wire fencing; crimped wire window guartls. with
either a finished orscroll top: wire settees and chairs; beautiful wire
Itowerand flower pot stands; wrought-iron hay racks and stall parti-
tions, which experience has proved to he much better and eventually
cheaper than cast iron ones, the danger of breakage being com-
pletely obviated. The manufacture of desk and counter railing for
banks and ofilces is a specialty to which close attention is paid, and
this firm has fitted up many of the largest banking offices in the
state with their work, the ornamental appearance and durability of
material in everj' case giving entire satisfaction. Elevator enclos-
ures are another special feature of this firm's make. The iirices arc re-
markably moderate, and. considering excellence and improvements.
this house lends in its line, the business during the first year under
the new name amounting toxiv(»r $35,000. Both partners are natives
of Buffalo, where they have always resided and are highly esteeuied

BUFFAI.f> PUi iDUCE EXClIANnE. No. 88 West Market Street.
—The priHluce trade of the city of liuffalo has develoix-d Into
one of its m(»Kt valuable and potent factors in the promotion
of the thrift, growth, and wealth of the community. The
city possesses unrivalled termiinil facilities for receiving and for-
warding the products of foreign countries as well as those of home
pioduction, having a canal system and also a conveniently ceulrul
system of railroads. A visit to the wliohrsale province market of
Buffalo in the early hours of the morning will amply demonslrala
the value and importance as well as the magnitude of the produce
trade in this city. The business is almost entirely concentrated in
the two blocks bounded by West Market, Scott, Slichigon, anti Ful-
ton streets. Yet in this comparatively small S[)ace more than a half
million of dollars is invested, while the yearly transactions tool up
many millions. Wht^n it is considered that nearly all the fruits, veget-
ables, butter, eggs, and other produce and farm products n<*eded ft»r
a cily of a quarter of a million population are supplied from this
nuirket. a faint idea of the volume of tiade transacted may be ha*l.
In addition to this, many carloads of produce are shipped daily to
variouseitiesof IheUnion, and many express wagons are daily loaded
for points in W'estern New York, Pennsylvania, and theprov;nco of
Ontar'o.Canada. I'roducts from all parts of the woild find their way
to this market, atid the daily receipts etnbraee consignments from
hundreds of ship|>ers, including impoilers, manufacturers, buyers,
and growers in til 1 .sect ions. The Buffalo Produce Exchange has done
much to promote the produce trade of the city and to improve the
methods of conducting business in this line. It was organized in
1887, the chief promoter being Mr. Leitoy S. Oatman, of the firm of
Lollo.v S. Oatman & Co., produceand commission merchants, of No.
88 'Wost Market Street. Mr. Oatman was chosen the first inesident
of tlie Exchange, and was re-elected in 1S88 and 1889, thus Rerving as
the presiding officer for the first three j"ears of the organization's
history. Mr. George A. "Williams is its president for the current
year. Tlirough the Exchange uniform rates of commissions and
charges have been established and tlie various details of business
systematized, so as to protect the interests of both the consignor
and the consignee. At the hearing liefore the railway commis-
sioners who were in Buffalo to investigate complaints and alleged
discriminations against this city. Mr. Oatman was enabled, with the
aid of his efficient trai;spoitatioii commiit-e, of which Mr. A. D.
Gail was chairman, to present proofs of such flagrant discrimina-
tions which the railroads did not attempt to explain, that the com-
missioners, in their report, stated that a case had been clearly estab-
lished in his favor. As a result of this, rates were reduce<l and
many thousands of dollars saved t«.i the shippers and the consumers.
Mr. Oatman has also represented the Produce Exchange in heaiitigs
at Albany upon the grade-crossing- jiroblem, and he has appeared
before committees of the legisiarnre to oppose legislation presente^l
with the aim of annoying the commission trade. One of the main
features introduced by the Proiluee Exchange was the establ'shing
of a systematic manner of making collections for goods sold, and it
has greatly benefited all membcre of the Exchange. Other cities
have inquired into this s.vsti'm and have jiattemed after it. The
Exchange now numbers among its members nearly all the wholesafe
produce dealers of the city. Pleasant quarters have been fitted up
on the second floor of the buildingal No. 88 West Market Street, and
they are in charge of Mr. George A. Wright, the efficient and populal
assistant secretary. The superior advantages of this city as a dis-
tributing point, it having transportation facilities un8urpass<*d by
nny city on the continent, suggest Buffalo as an important point to
consign goods to, and the fact that the wholesole produce trade Is
concentrated in one section ir.sures to every consignor that liLs
shipments will be seen by every one of the thousands of buyers who
visit the market daily. These facts are Ix'coming widely known, and
shippers from distant points have demonstrated that both lime and
expense are saved by consigning directl3' to Buffalo instead of to
intermediate cities, depending upon their consignees to resliip. The
produce houses of this city will compare most favorably with those
of any city in the Union. Many of the dealers are numlwred among
the most prominent men in Buffalo, and th<-y have the confideno*
not only of their con3ignoi*s, but of the hiiinlreds of <le]der8 who look
to them for supplies.

ILLUSTf^ATED

124

THE C^VKEN
CITY OF THE LAK£€l.

THE BUFFALO TRICYCLE CO., Manufacturers of Bicycles and
Tricycles, Etc., No. 640 Linwood Avenue.— The Buffalo Tri-
cycles Co. has become, within a comparatively short space of
time, one of the most important and best known of Buffalo's
manufacturing" industries. This enterprise was established in 1885
by Mr. F. C. Atherton, the inventor and patentee of the celebrated

annuaJ addition to building and machinery an absolute necessity.
Some idea of its progrressiveness may be deduced f r-om the statement
that already the monthly output of their factory aggregates about
700 tricycles and 150 safety bicycles, consuming during the same

period nine tons of iron and steel, and giving constant employments
to a large force of skilled workmen. Tlie premises occupied, located
at No. G40 Linwood Avenue, compi-ise a commodious three-8L*.>ry
building, 40x105 feet in dimensions, equipj^ed with all the latest ma-
chinery driven by adequate steam power and otherwise pr-ovi-led
with every accessory which might tend towards the advantageous-
prosecution of the business in hand. Thus far the t- flforti* of ihe
company have been rei>tricted to the manufacture of the well known
and justly celebrated " Gem Tiicycle " and boys' " Safety Bicycles."
but theyare now manufacturing bicycles for ladies and geatlemen.
These bicycles are equipped with the latest improved ball bearing
devices in every wearing part, and are adjusted with the nicest me-
chanical skill, so as to reduce the friction to the smallest possible
minimum. Only the best of weldless steel tubing and steel forcings
are used, thus insuring a first class article in every respect. The
Buffalo Tricycle Co. have recently issued an elaborate illustrated and
descriptive catalogue of their manufactures and the bicycle sup-
plies they carry in stock, which will be mailed free on apphcation.
PR. CUNNINGHAM. Real Estate, Loans and Insurance, Cor-
ner Eagle and Frankhn Streets.— Perhaps not one among
^ the number who have come to the front in the realm of
realty within recent years in Buffalo has been more suc-
cessful than the gentleman whose name heads this sketch. He has
been established m business on his own account since April 1st of
the present year, and from the etart he has been steadily winning
his way to public confidence and favcr, building up by thoroughly
honorable methods quite an extensive clientele. Mr. Cunningham,.
who is a comparatively young man and a native of this city, is a
qualified notary public, and was formerly cleik in the surrogate's
office for ten years. He is a gentleman of entire probity of charac-
ter, as well as of energy, sagacity, and ample experience, and has a
minute knowledge of all matters connected with the handling cf prop-
erty and kindred interests. His office, which is eligibly located on
the second floor of the Austin building (Room 10), is commodious
and well appointed, the telephone call being No G6. and an efficient
clerical staff is employed, the proprietor himself exercising imme-
diate supervision over every detail. Mr. Cxmningham is a general
real estate broker, buying, seUing, and exchanging, on commission, all
kinds of improved and imimproved realty, including subdivision and
acreage property, and has a choice line of suburban buuaing lots for
sale on easy time payments. He is prepared to give personal atten-
tion also to the collection of rents and the management of estates,
the payment of taxes for non-residents being a specialty, while loans
are negotiated and risks placed with first-class fire insurance com-
panies at lowest rates. Attests, deeds, and such like documents are
carefully and accurately drawn up. particular attention being given
to conveyancing: and all business entrusted to Mr. Cunningham
is certain to be attended to in the most capable and satisfactory
manner.

A J. RAYNER, Manufacturer of Hats. Caps, and Furs, No. 293
Main Street.— This house was founded twenty-seven years
^ ago by Mr. J. E. Beydal. who carried on a successful busi-
ness until 18S5. when he was succeeded by the present owner.
Krom the first years of its establishment it acquired an extensive
and first-class patronage, which it has ever since retained, and
which the enterprising management of Mr. Rayner has developed
and extended until it is now the exclusively first-class one of thocity.
The premises occupied by this representalive house are centrally
and conveniently located at No. 293 Main Street. They are hand
somely furnished throughout and elegantly fitted up with all that is
most liable to properly display the large and valuable stock with
which they are replete. They comprise a five-story building with
basement, part of which is devoted to the manufacture of the
specialties handled by the house, and have a dimension of SOxIIO
feet. An able staff of skilled and experienced assistants are steadily
employed filling the large and numerous orders received, and attend-
ing to the wants and requirements of patrons. The goods manufac-
tured are of the best quality, and have a general reputation for dur-
ability and superiority of workmanship combined with an excellence
of finish. The trade covers the entirecity and extends to the neigh-
boring counties, and few establishments can offer such superior ad
vantages to its patrons. Mr. Rayner is a native of England, but
has beon in this country since 1852.

ILLUSTRATED

THE aUEEN
CITY or THE LAKES.

FRANK J BISSIN'G, Real Estate and Insurance, Xo. 340 Broiid-
way -The Buffalo real-estate market, with its remarkable dc-
vi'lopment duriOB the past di-«ide, Is the safest and most ac-
ciirute indication of the solidity of the values ivhieh have been
placed of late on Buffalo realty, and of the ixTmanoncy of the city's
prosperity. Of the iiUTnerous responsible, able, and energetic young
men who hove turned their attention to the development an<l reputa-
ble advancement of this br.inch of flnancial activity, none Is more de-
serving of mention than lUr. Frank J. BLssing, reol-estatc and insur-
ance agent and broker, of No. S40 Broadway. In I8S1, through
bis successful endeavors and energetic efforts, the famous CUnton
Brewing Co. was orgauiz^Kl, with Mr. BLssing as secretory, a posi-
tion which he held for three years, when the importance in the
financial markets of Buffalo of the real-estate interests ot the city ond
Its surroundings induced him to resume his career in that field. In
1884 he established his present lucrative business, and bringing to it
the widest possible range ot practical experience, coupled with an
intimate k-nowledge ot every branch of the ival-estnle business,
he has secured a foremost position among the real-estate brokers
of the city. The premises he occupies as offices are most centrally
and conveniently located, being on the ground-floor of the building
at the above address. He has always upon his books some ot the
choicest residential and business properties in the city or its suburbs,
building lots, farm lands, etc., and ail manner and kinds of realty are
here sold, bought, exchanged, or leased. Being a notary public in
and for this county, all transactions are promptly effected, while tax
and title searches are furnished at the lowest charges. He is always
prepared lo negotiate loons on mortgage or bond, and his influential
connections enable him to offer to his patrons such advantageous
terms as few other houses in this lino of business can do. In addition
t<i this branch ot his business, Mr. Bis-siug also rejire-sents the old and
responsible American Fire Insurance Co. ot Philadelphio. which
was organized as far back as 1810. and than which none stands higher
in public confidence; also the Insurance Componyot North America,
of Pbihulelphio, one ot the strongest ond bestrknown companies on
the continent. He is thoroughly experienced as an underwriter and
.-idjusler. and his connections in the insurance world enable him to
have claims o<ljusted and settled without delay.

DR G. W. McCRAY. Wholesale and Retail Dniggist, Dispensing
Chemist, Proprietary Medicines, No. SI.3 Main Street.— This
biLsiness was established by its present proprietor os far back
as 1S57, in premises located at toot of Main Street. With the
removal ot the centre ot the city's business consequent upon the
growth of the city northwards. Blr. McCray found it advisable to re-
move hLs stock into the building in which his business is now carried
on, at No. 21.1 Main Street. This was in ISTO These premises com-
prise a large and commodious store, two stories high with basement
aOiGO feet in dimensions, elegantly fitted up and in every respect
adapted t^) tlie purposes for which they are intended They arc fully
equipped with every convenience for the accommoflation ot the large
and carefully selected stock ot drugs, chemicals, druggists' sundries
and supplies, etc., etc. Dr. McCray brings to the service ot bis
patrons a thorough science of the profession he is engaged in. and
has o well known reputation for the remarkably accurate and careful
mannep in which prescriptions are Oiled, as well as for the uniform
purity anl excellence ot the goods he handles. A specialty is the
preparation ot that old and popular proprietary medicine " Bristol's
Balsam ot Horehound." for tlie relief and cure ot coughs and colds.
This preparation has l)eeu in tlie market tor over fifty years, and its
effectiveness has never been equalled by any ot tlie thousand and one
cough mixturas with which it has had to compete. Another standard
medicine with which this house supplies the trade is McCray's podo
phyllin pills, a quick and effective cun^ for all bilious complaints. A
Iireparation ot beef, iron, and wine from this laboratory is also highly
recommended by the faculty in cases where the system requires a
tonic or the blood needs strengthening Dr SIcCray is a native of
Connecticut, but has lieen an almost life long resident of Buffalo,
where hii great abilities and courteous mannei-s have gained for
him the confidence and esteem of the whole community.

UFFAI-0 CT-OAK AND SUIT MANUFACTURING CO . Miinu-
fai-tiirers and Importers of toadies'. Misses', and Children's
noaks. No. 183 Washington Street: Factory Nos. 101, 108, ond
liv,. De Witt Street: M. Block, Proprietor.— For many years

nearly all the ladies', misses', and children's cloaks and suits used in
Buffalo were manufactured In Now York City. Ijiltnily. however,
through the skill, enterprise, and resources of local manufacturers
these goods are now produced in the Queen Cliy quite equal to any
imported or domestic specialties. Proiiiinent among the repre-
sentatiVB concerns actively engaged in this iiiiporiaiit liidustiy Is
that ot the Buffalo Cloak and Suit M'fg Company, whose solesrooirm
and office are located at No. 188 Washington Street. The faetmy.
which is fully equipped with all modern appliances, is situated at
Nos. 101 to 103 DeWiit Street. nere20O skilled hands are employed,
and the trade of the house, which is steadily Increasing, now ex-
tends throughout all sections ot New York, Pennsylvania, and the
western states. Mr. Block, the propiietor, uses sitpei ior otid care-
fully selected materials, and turns out cloaks that are obsoliiiely
unrivalled for finish, elegance of design, and uniform excelLnce.
Not only are Mr. Block's cloaks outwardly and apparently equal to
the best, but the hidden material and the work not open to insiiec-
tion is exactly what it purports to be. This has always been the
proprietor's undeviating rule and policy, which has been the main
secret ot his success in every city where his cloaks are brought into
competition with those ot other houses. The entire attention of .Mr.
Block is devoted to the manufacture ot cloaks, and his sales for the
past year amounle<l to $S!5O,0CIO. Several travelling salesmen ore
employed, and twelve clerks, etc., in the warehouse. The ware-
house is a superior tour-story and basement building, 4"<xl2.'j feet in
area, which is fully stocked with an extensive assortment ot various
grades ot cloaks and cloaking materials. Orders ore promptly
filled, at the lowest possible prices, and all goods are fully war-
ranted to be exactly as repiesented. Mr. Block is highly regarded
ill trade circles for his skill and integrity, and has always lived up to
his rule ot giving his customers a full equivalent for their money in
the best and most artistic cloaks that can be produced.

THE BELL, LEWIS & YATES COAL OTNINO CO., Reynolds
ville Coal and Coke Region ; Offices, Coal and Iron Exchange
Building.— The proximity of Buffalo to the great ooal-
producing regions of Pennsylvania, and its imsurpassed posi
tion as regards economical transportation facilities, render it one
ot the most convenient distributing points In this section for that im-
portant element in the commercial and industrial greatness uf the
country— coal. In this connection we <lesire lo make special refer-
ence in this commercial review to the Bell. Ijcwis & Yates Coal Min
ing Co., the representative and reliable miners and shippers of Rey-
noldsville coal, whose offices are located in the Coal and Iron Ex-
change Building. The company has also offices in Rochester, New-
York, and two docks in Buffalo on Ganson Street, at toot ot Michigan
Street, one having a frontage of IIOO feet, and the other of 400 feet.
This is a mammoth concern and controls immense interests in bitu
minous coal. It was founded fourteen years ago under the style and
title of Bell, Lewis & Yates. Eventually in 1887 it was incorporated
as the Bell, Lewis & Yates Coal Mining Company, under the laws of
Pennsylvania, with a paid-up capital ot $1.0*1,000. and its trade
now extends through all sections ot New England. New York, I'enn
sylvania, and Canada. This company handles only bituminoiLs coal.
and coke, and last year sold one million five hundred thousand tons.
This year the sales are estimated to reai'h two million seven hundred
thousand tons. They are proprietors ot the Rochester, Sandy Lick.
Soldier Run. Sprague. Pleasant Valley and ITamilton mines, and have
recently acquire<I the Rochester & Pittsburgh Coaland Iron Company.
Walston, Adrian, F.leanora and Beechlree mines. These mines are
fully equipped with the most approved appliances and mochineir.
and furnish constant employment to four thousand men. Thev have
eleven hundred and forty coke ovens at Walston, and one hundred at
Soldier Run. The coal handled by the company is unrivalled for
quality and is especially adapted for steamships, rolling mills, loco-'
motives, glass works, and all kinds of smithing and steam generating
purposes. The company's coke is in great demand by Bessemer-
steel makers, and at blast-fumoces, owing to its resistance to com-
pression, purity, porosity, ond heat^producing elements. The follow-
ing gentlemen, who are highly regarded in trade circles for their ex-
ecutive ability, enterprise and integrity, are the officers, viz : George-
H. Lewis, president: Arthur 0. Yates, vice-president; Andrew Cant,
secretary; Charles Clifton, treasurer. The compony has olso offlci-s
at Reynoldsville, Pa.

ILLUSTRATED

1 ^x4 THE -aUEEN

' JkJi, CITY OF THE LAKESi

CKUNCK, Pork Packer, and Dressed Beef, East Buffalo —A re-
view of Buffalo's commercial and manufacturing interests
, would be incomplete witbout special mention of the old es-
tablished and representative house of Mr. C. Klinck, pork
packer and beet dresser, whose packing house and works are located
at East Buffalo. This extensive business was established in I&"j6 by-
Mr. Klinck, who has since built up an influential and permanent
patronage. The works, factory, and yard have an area of eignteen
acres. The packing house is a spacious five story brick 1

fuUy equipped with all the latest improved applmnct--. apparatus
and machinery known to the trade Here f i oin v-IO t» iw hands ai e
employed, and the machinery is driven by steam power. Mr. Klinck
slaughters 500 head of cattle and about 8.000 hogs weekly, and has
first class ice machines and cold storage (or cooling the meat. The
works were greatly enlarged in 18S8, owing to the rapid increase of
business. In the pork pack-ing department only the best stock is
handled, and the greatest care is given the meat through all its stages
of curing, smoking, and packing, while being prepared for the mar-
ket. Haras and bacon are cured and packed by a process, which
adds greatly to the flavor of the meat, and renders them tree from
all injurious substances and taste of excessive salt. Mr. Klinck also
makes a specialty of pure leaf lard, which he guarantees to be tree
from adulteration. In the beef department only fli-st class cattle are
slaughtered. The pork of this establishment is shipped to all parts
of the states of New York, Pennsylvania, and the south. Mr. Klinck
fills orders at the lowest market prices and guarantees complete
saiisfaction. He is considered one of the best judges of cattle and
hogs in the country, and is highly regarded in trade circles for his
sound business principles, enterprise, and integrity. Mr. KUnck was
bom in Germany, but has resided for the last forty years in Buffalo,
and is one of our most influential and progressive citizens.

BUFFALO FISH COMPAN'Y (Limited), Jobbers in Fish and
Oysters, Columbia and Scott Streets, and Clark and Skinner
Canal.— The leading concern in the city engaged in the fish
trade, and the largest in the world handling fresh flsh, is
that of the Buffalo Fish Company (Limited). The company was in-
corporated in the spring of 188", with a capital of $100,000. Since
its organization, an immense trade has been developed, and the
company make shipments of flsh as tar east as Boston, and to all
intervening points as far west as Denver. .The monthly ship-
ments amount to 1,500,000 pounds [of flsh. Shipments are made by
train and express, the larger amount being sent by the latter sys-
tem. The company deal in fresh and salt fish of all kinds, making
a leading specialty of fresh fish. Their facilities are complete in
every respect. They own fifteen steam tugs and steamers, over a
hundred sailing crafts, and give direct employment to a force of 350
men and indirectly at tlieir fisheries to 3000 men. The headquarters
are at the junction of Columbia and Scott Streets, and Clark and
Skinner Canal, the premises occupied being a substantial two-story
and basement building, 70x350 feet in dimensions, and equipped
throughout in the most convenient manner. The house is in a
position to satisfactorily meet all the wants of the trade, at the
lowest market quotations. On October 1, 1880, the capital stock was
increased from $100,000 to $.384,000. which sum has all been paid in
and illustrates the gratifying condition of the company's affairs.
The officers are : president, John H. Jones; vice-president, 'Walter
G. Robblns; Secretary, Charles M. Clark; treasurer. Wm. H. Sei-
bold. These gentlemen are all prominently identified with the

PLUJIB, BURDICT & BARNARD, Manufacturers of Nuts and
Bolts, Clinton and Eagle Streets.— In the production of bolts
and nuts, the largest and best equipped manufactory in the
United States is that of Messrs. Plumb, Burdict, and Barn-
ard. The works are located in Buffalo and occupy nearly a block,
bounded by Clinton. Eagle, Adams, and Watson Streets. The fac-
tory was first established in Amsterdam. N. Y., by Mr. Geo. E. Bell,
an. I was rt-iiioved to Buffalo in IStiJ. It was operated by Mr. Bell
iill ', li' 11 ii passed into the hands of Messrs. Ralph H. Plumb,
i ' I: : lui, and Albert J. Barnard. The works are spacious
: -luipped with the latest unproved machinery and ai>-

p! - ~i lially designed by the proprietors. Here lOO skilled

wdiknien are employed, and the machinery is driven by a superior
230-horse-power steam-engine. The firm manufacture in immense
quantities all kinds of bolts and nuts, and the output approximates
to half a million bolts daily, being more than are turned out of any
other factory in the world, except one in Birmingham. England.
These bolts and nuts are unrivalled tor quality of materials, finish,
and uniform excellence, and have no superioi-s in the market The
firm proxiptly fill orders at the lowest possible prices, and the trade
of the house is by no means confined to the United States and
Canada, but extends to South America, Mexico, Australia, New
Zealand, and Tasmania. The bolts are manufactured entirely by
machinery, and the machiner.v- itself is made by the firm at a branch
manufactory in Providence. R. I., where TO skilled operators are
constantly employed. This machinery is of the latest improved
patterns, and is shipped all over the world, while the partnera have
filled many contracts for the railways and navy yards of several
European goveinments. Messrs. Plumb, Burdict, and Barnard are
highly regarded by the commuuity for their enterprise and integ
rity, and are very popular in trade circles. Further comments are
unnecessary, the well-known character of this house placing it above
critici.'im. affording an example of an honorable and prosperous
business career.

ERIE MEDICAL CO., No. 64 Niagara Street.— The Erie Medical
Company established its headquarters in Buffalo about ten
years ago. This city was chosen because the company (ore-
saw an immense business in America ealUng for a location
from which every section of the United States and Canada could be
reached most promptly and economically. The field into which they
entered had been " worked " so thoroughly and unscrupulously by
advertising quacks that it has required patient effort to overcome
prejudice and win the confidence of the pubUc and the medical pro-
fession. This confidence they merited and have established by con-
servative methods, by a rigid adherence to all promises by a detei-mi-
nation to make known what they believe to be the most scientific of all
medical treatment and by an unfaltering faith in the ultimate success
of their principles. The great public may be trusted always to dis-
cover truth and merit, and to accord a generous appreciation, just
as sure fraud and deception will in time receive condemnation and
must pass to obscurity. The success of the Erie Medical Company is
an illustration. While it has taken them long years to attain their
present position, they have built a solid foundation on the respect of
the public, while in the same time medical concerns have .spi-ung up,
had a brief career and dropped out of sight, or else struggle along
on precarious "pickings, " robbing the foolish who are willing to
trust their money and Uves to strangers without investigation. The
physicians in charge of the institution, representing different schools
and countries, aie men of such experience in their profession that
unusual success might be looked for under their treatment even were
they not possessed of such facilities as are found in their establish-
ment. That their system of treating is almost miraculous in its suc-
cess is shown by the company's standing offer in the Buffalo papers
to prove to any visitor the absolute truth of their published state-
ment. "Over two thousand volunteered written credentials from
patients, covering every state and territory, and every civilized
country. The Erie Medical Companv employs about one hundred
people exclusive of its staff of physicians and suigeons. This little
community works with a zeal that impresses the looker-on with a
conviction of their sincerity and a devotion to their calling.

ILLUSTRATED

THE Ql/EEN
CITY or THt UAKES.

THE STAND.UU) UFE AND ACCIDENT INSURACE COM-
TANY (of Detroit, Mich.). John A. Jones, Manager, Western
New Yui'lc aud Northwestern Fennnsylanla, Noti. 5 and O
Biuird of Trade Building.— This prosperouH and substautial
curporatiou was orRanlziHi at Detroit, Jlicli., early in 1884, and began
bii.«lness in the fall of that year, since which time It has enjoyed a
steadily Rrowiiin popularity, and a trreat increase in the volume of iu
business. It had, at the be^iimiiig of the present year, a cash
capital paid in of S'-!<W,0<W. a-ssets amounting to $M8.C33.50, and a
net surplus to policy holders of S-'1«,9'-»SH. In 18S8 the company
wrote 30,H3 policies, as o;,-ainst 3i,39l iu 1S89, and increa.sed the
amount at risk from SJ9.S.:!i|.4D to S<U5.G10.02, and the present year,
so far, indicates a still larger proportionate increase. The policy
contract of the Standard is most liberal iu its terms, insuring against
every form of btidily injury induced by purely accidental means,
guaranteeing the imyment of the sum insured, if the Injury causes
death within three months, or a weekly indemnity in case the injury
disables the insured f i-om labor or business. In addition to every
.lesirablc feature offered by its competitors, the Stondard allows
indemjity for fifty-two weeks, while other coiiiponies allow but
twenty-six weeks, and pays the full amount insured if death result
within three months. The Standard likewise ogrees to pay the full
amount of its policy in case the assured shall meet with an accident
that entirely destroys the sight of both eyes, or causes the loss of
both hands or both feet, or of one hand and one foot; and also
agrees, in case of the loss of one hand or one foot, to pay one third
of said amount. Iu addition to its regular policy the company also
Issues short-term, collective, nnd nil other opproved forms of acci-
dent insurance. Its policies are free from embarrassing restrictions,
and afford the greatest advantages offered by any accident company
in the United States or Europe. The accredited manager of the com
pany's interests In western New York and northwestern Pennsyl
vania is Mr. John A. J<nes, with headquarters at rooms ,■) and in
the Board of Trade Building, Buffalo. He is a gentleman of twenty
years' practical experience in the business, and was for thirteen
years' favorably ideutined with the well-known Travellers' Lite and
Accident Insurance Co. He accepted thi< agency in 188C, and some
idea of his executive ability may be inferred from the statement
that he employs forty-five sub-agents canvassing the ground which
comes under his territorial management.

A a. HUBBARD, Pliarmacist. No. 150 Rhode Island Street.—
Among the many pharmacies in the Queen City it is safe
to say that none are better managed and conducted than
that of Mr. A. O. Hubbard, located at No. 150 Rhode Island
Street. The foundation of the establishment dates from 1SS6, when
it was opened by Clark & Hubbard, but during the past few months
has been under the sole ownership and direction of Mr. Hubbard,
who is practical and experienced, and, although a young man, has
had a thorough training in compounding and dispensing medicines.
The location of the store is very central, and every facility and con-
venience is at bond for all purposes of the business. In size the
store is 3ni60 feet, and in its fittings and appointments very hand-
some and attractive. The establishment is elaborately finished iu
cherry, and of modem design. A conspicuous feature is a splendid
uKirble soda fountain, which was put in at a cost of $1000. The
slock is large and varied, and is kept up to a standard of about
$0000, and embraces everything In the way of drugs, fresh and pure,
and also chemicals, roots, herbs, dyes, tinctures, elixirs, essences,
extracts, druggists' sundries, proprietary medicines, pharmaceutical
preparations, splendid perfumes, and a wonderful array of toilet
requisites and fancy articles; also supplies for the sick room, trusses,
<urgical appliances, ond everything belonging to the business. The
lirescriptiou laboratory is under the immediate supervision of Mr.
Hubbard, who (Ills physicians' orders and dispenses medicines with
rare tact and skill, and with accuracy and promptitude. Mr. Hub-
liard is a prominent member of the Erie County Pharmaceutical
Association and very popular in this community. He Ls doing a
splendid business, and his establishment is justly regarded as the
best e<inippe<i and most reliable prescription and family drug store
in the section in which it Is located.

ALOIS STEOER, Tailor, No. iSi Broadway.— The merchant
tailors of Buffalo are, as a rule, second to tliose of no other
city for the superiority of their cuts, the artistic sense of
their designs, and the general excellence of their work.

Among the leading exponents of this valuable and necessary art is
Mr. Alois Stcger, whoso elegant emporium Is centrally located on
Broadway, at No. S8I. Mr. Steger was bom In Oermany, wle-m ol
the early age of thirleen years ho began an apprenticeship to th"
trade of which be is now an ornament. Having devoted seven
years to the acquisition of the art under some of the leading talVors
of the Fatherland, ho left his native coimtry and came to Buffalo,
where for seventeen years ho has resided. In 1878 ho established
his present business on the comer of Pino Street and Broadway, nnil
from the start the venture was a decided success. His fine busine.o.
qualifications, combined with the universal satlnfactlon his gomls
gave, soon secured for him a large nnd Influential patronage wbleli
grew steadily year by year. In IS8«, owing to the growing iIcmandK
of the business, he removed to the premises now occupied. Tiiese
comprise an elegant, well appointed store, 25x10 feet in dimensions,
every convenience being afforded for display, inspection, and sale.
The stock is one of the finest and largest in the city, and is specially
selected to meet the requirements of the local trade. It embraces all
the finest products of the woolen mills of this and other countries,
tweeds, cheviots, fine cloths, cassimeres. worsteds, etc., as well as
elegant trimmings, etc. Mr. Steger is one of the best tailors in the
city, and gives his close personal attention to every garment made
in the house. He constantly employs eleven skilled bonds, including
the best cutters and fitters to be found in Buffalo. I rders entrusted
to him are always execut>*d on time and at most moderate prices.
His trade covers the entire city, and omonghis permanent customers
are many of the best dressed citizens and businessmen of Buffalo
ond its vicinity

GEORGE W. TIFFT SONS & CO., Manufacturers of Engines,
BoUers, and Architectural Iron, Nos. 15 to B5 Washington
Street.— The enormous increase in the demand for steam
engines, boilers, and architectural iron work has rendered
their manufacture o most prominent industry in the United Stot»8.
and those establishments devoted to tlielrj production have con
tributed greatly to the development of the cities in which they are
located. In Buffalo the firm name of George W. Tifft Sons & Co.
hos been so long and honorably identified with this trade that it
represents, in point of fact, what a trademark does in other
branches of business. This mammoth concern was originally
founded in 1843 under the style of the Buffalo Steam Engine
Works, and for many years subsequently retained that title under
various proprietors, slowly but steadily enlarging the scope of its
operations under the active management of one of its original found
ers, George W. Tifft. In 1857 the firm style of George W. Tifft Sons
& Co. was formally O'lopted, and olthough the members of the Tifft
family, who were primarily so conspicuously active in the reoring of
this industry, have long since passed away, the honored name has
wisely been retained which for so long a period was synonymous with
superiority of manufacture in all that pertained to the product of
the Tifft works. At present the actual control and proprietorship
of the business is vested in the persons of Mr. Chas. L. Whiting as
general manager, Mi-s. Dr. C. C. F. Gay and Mrs. George D. Plimp-
ton. The plant covers about four acres of ground, having a front-
age on lower Washington Street extending from No. 15 to No. 55.
The works consist of three three-story buildings, containing a ma-
chine shop of 18,000 square feet, two large foundries, two boUer
shops, a pattern shop, and a three-story pattern warehouse which
has aptly been described as a "veritable curiosity shop." Ado-
tailed description of these greot works would perhaps weary the
reader; suffice it to say, therefore, that the annuol output of engines
and boilers of all kinds is from 350 to 450, ranging in horse power
from 4 to .'500, while the architectural iron work of the firm may Ix-
seen to advantage on almost every iron or iron-fronted building of
note in the city of Buffalo. The trade of the firm extends through-
out western and central New York, Pennsylvania. Ohio, and the
Canadas, u-respective of a widespreJid export conniption with
Mexico and South American ports. The growth and prosp<'rity of
this gigantic concern (giving employment as it does to nearly 230
skilled workmen and helpers) presents a forcible illustration of the
material benefits arising from a federal policy affording protection
to American industries, resulting in the development of the nation's
wonderful resources, rendering her forever independent of foreign
manufactures in all the great stjiple lines of production, and benefit-
ing her own population in ..v.-rv T>n=^i!.'.- ■■ nv

ILLUSTRATED

THE NIAGARA HOTEL, Front and Porter Avenues; Hem-y F.
Roesser, Managei-. — Tlie Niagara Hotel is one of the repre-
sentative establishments, and a prominent feature of Buffalo,
while as a magnificent liotel it has no superior anywhere in
the United States, combining, as it does, in the most perfect manner,
every comfort, elegance and convenience, with the refined quiet
atmosphere of the best circles of home life. The building is a mas-
sive structure five stories high, in the colonial style, built of pressed
brick and Medina sandstone. It is situated at the corner of Seventh
Street and Porter Avenues, upon the highest pointoflandin the city,
liDovvn as Prospect Hill, and on one of the principal parkways.
Prospect Park is on the right, and " The Font " on the left. The
view from the Niagara Hotel is indescribably fine. Full in front lies
Lake Erie, with the gleaming current of the great river near at hand,
while the shores of Canada show bluely against a back ground of
dark forest, these altogether make up a scene that is not soon for-
gotten. The situation is excellent, the city of Buffalo with its smoke
and noL-ie seems to he miles away. The building has a frontage of
185 feet, with wings extending back 110 feet. The main entrance on
Porter Avenue is approached under a grand veranda 80 feet long by 16
feet wide, supported by six massive pillars. Beyond the main hall is
the conservatory and greenhouse. The hall and reading rooms are
finished in old colonial style in quartered oak,with polished hardwood
fioors.covered with oriental rugs. The kitchen and bakery are in build-
ings separated from the hotel, consequently steam and odors cannot
penetrate the main building. The Niagara is under the able and en-
ergetic management of Henry F. Roesser, formerly manager of the
Palace Hotel, Buffalo, and more recently of the St. James Hotel,
Gilsey House, Hotel Brunswick, New York City. The hotel was
built and opened in October 1887. It is the property of Mr. Geo.
Howard Lewis, who takes no part in the management, but lives in a
beautiful residence a short, distance away. No pains or expense
have been spared in fitting up the interior. Every modern accessory
of the decorator, cabinet-maker and upholsterer have been utilized,
and the Niagara is a beautiful and artistic exhibit of the most ad-
vanced achievemnets in the above lines. The hotel is supplied with
every modern improvement, including elevator, steam heat, electric
Kghts, annunciators, while the means of escape in case of flre are
perfect. Ventilation hasbeenastudj' with the builder of the Niagara,
and the air in its rooms and corridors is always pure and sweet,
while it is kept at a proper temperature for comfort at all seasons
of the year. It has ample accommodation for 200 guests, and is
conducted on the American plan, rates being from $3,50 and up-
wards. Among the many hotel banquets to the Pan Americans,
none have occasioned more favorable mention than that given at
the Niagara. The menus which were in Spanish and English were
works of art, the seals of the various South American countries be-
ing carefully worked into the elaborate design of the first page.
Accompanying a splendid dinner was soft, sweet music, principally
Spanish in its origin, which delighted the foreigners considerably.
Manager Roesser was determined tliat his guests should have the
best that money could procure, and for the first lime since setting
foot on our hospitable shores, many of tlie delegates were intro-
duced to that great American *' bird," the terrapin. One of the great
features of the Niagara is the table, which is unsurpassed by any
first-cla.ss hotel on the continent. Many celebrated statesmen, au-
thors, actors, members of the European aristocracy, clergy, etc.,
have been and are now guests of the Niagara, when in Buffalo. The
registers contain hundreds of prominent names, and under Mr. Roes-
ser's careful management Ihe Niagara is enjoying a patronage of an
extensive and influential character. Mr. Roesser has made hosts of
friends owing to his kind and courteous manners and sterling integ-
rity, and the Niagara is to-day as complete and delightful an hotel
as there is in existence.

WM. H. SLOCUM, Law Stenographer, No. 51 Chapin Block.—
At the present day, to intelligent and industrious young
men and women, few pursuits offer so many attractions,
as that of stenography. If they add to this art a prac-
tical knowledge of typewriting, they will be enabled to secure good
pay and excellent positions. In this coimection we desire to make
special reference to Mr. William H. Slocum, Law Stenographer and
principal of Slocum's Stenographic School. No. 51 Chapin Block.
The school fits students for careers of usefulness, independence, and
possible distinction. Mr. Slocum teaches the Graham System of
stenography, also penmanship and type writing. Six months is

usually required to become proficient and the fee in both branches
is $50. Mr. Slocum is general agent for the new Williams Type-
writer, for western New York, and northern Pennsylvania. This is
the latest machine upon the market. It is the first type writer that
has been produced which gives an absolutely visible line of writing.
There are no ink rolls, ribbons or type bars above the point where
the impression is given. Its alignement is perfect, and no amount
of wear can ever change it: the touch of this wonderful machine is
equal to that of the finest piano; the manifolding power is beynnd
that of all other machines; the impression is the clearest, being
equal to the best job printing; the weight is the least, being only
twelve pounds, and last not least, the price is only $75 including a
fine case. This machine, having so many points of superiority
over the old and clumsier ones, will soon become the leading type
writer of the world. Mr. Slocum employs in his school, only the
ablest assistants. He gives each of his students a practical steno-
graphic education, and hundreds of his gi'aduates who are now
occupying lucrative positions in every state in the union can cheer-
fully testify to this fact. For twenty two years, Mr. Slocum held
the position of official stenographer to the supreme court in the
eighth judicial district of New York, and resigned his position volun-
tarily in 1887, in order to give more time and personal attention to
his school. He is well known as a successful inventor of improve-
ments in type writing machines and many of his inventions are in
use to day upon the leading type writing machines, and several of
his patents have brought large returns, in the way of royalties. He
was born in the adjoining county of Genesee, and is highly esteemed
in Buffalo business circles for his integrity and ability.

ZIMMER & ROBE, Commission Merchants, for the Purchase of
Cattle, Hogs, and Sheep, New York Central Stock Yaids,
Office, No. 965 William Street.— That section of the " Queen
City of the Lakes " known as East Buffalo has had an upris-
ing and growth that has been marvellous, not only to persons living
outside of the city, but even to those resident in other sections of
the municipality itself. This astonishing expansion and increase of
material wealth in this portion of bustling and prosperous Buffalo is
directly traceable to the implanting in that section of the vast stock
yards centered there, and to the assiduity and vigilance of the men
who have made Buffalo's trade in live stock second only to one other
city on the American continent. This is a trade requiring quick dis-
cernment, keen perception and great natural shrewdness, and that '
the East Buffalo live stock men possess these attributes in an emi-
nent degree is evidenced by the splendid results in the building up of
this market as the largest for sheep, and the second largest for cat-
tle on the globe, to say nothing of the vast trade done in hogs. The
experience and natural aptitude of the traders here are to be ac-
credited with these splendid achievements, and the possession of
these talents is attested by the success of men where competition is
ever rite and keen. The success which has attended the efforts of
the widely known, enterprising and wide awake concern of Messrs.
Zimmer & Robe, the popular commission merchants for the pur-
chase of cattle, hogs, and sheep, of itself carries the conviction that
the members of this progressive firm know their business, attend to
it, in and out of season, and are "always on deck " when wanted.
The business of this concern was organized on August 1, 1889, under
the firm style of Joslyn, dimmer & Robe. Recently Mr. Joslyn re-
tired, and the enterprise is now in the hands of Messrs. Adam Zim-
mer and Harry Robe, who, though young men, have had a long and
excellent training in their special calling, and are to-day regai-ded
among their compeers as the most expert judges of stock and the
shrewdest of buyers who enter the East Buffalo Live Stock Yards,
directly opposite to wliich is their office, neatly arranged, admir-
ably fitted up, and equipped in every way for the practical and sys-
tematic transaction of business. The firm's specialty, for they have
only one interest in the market — and to this they give their closest
attention— is that of buying on commission cattle, hogs, and sheep
for the leading slaughter men and butchers in Boston, New York.
Philadelphia and other large cities in the eastern and middle states.
This is the only firm devoting itself exclusively to the purchasing of
live stock. In this department they control a large and growing
trade. The firm will remove into the new Live Stock Exchange as
soon as the building now being erected is completed. They are
both natives of Buffalo, both members of the Live Stock Exchange,
of which Mr. Robe is a director, and both enji>y the confidence and
respect of all who know them.

ILLUSTRATED

^Si/ffalojc

THE QUEEN
CITY OF THE LAKES.

12<»

GUiVIIAM, BjULKY >* CO., Mttuufttclurers of Oruliain Pipe
WiYnches, Ni>!<. 1 130 to 1 140 Niagara Strrut.— In tlio inaiiufacC-
ui-o of nil kinds of siHwioI tools, Atnoriunn nianufnctuivrs tiro
Rn-atly nhoail of those of otlier nations. In this connection
si>octal roforenco is nmdo in this coinnieix;ial review of Bultalo to
I he reliable and successful flrni of Messrs. Graham, BoileyiCo.,
manufacturei-a of the famous Orahain pipe wrenehes.whose olTlce and
worksaro located at Nos. 1 130 to IHO Niagara Street. This bushies.s
was established by the Graham Vise Wrench Co.. which was succeeded
by the (Inn of Graham, Bailey & Co., the copartners belrii; Messrs.
C. W. Graham, PI. W. Bailey, E. T. Smith, and R. J. Bobbins. The
(Irm intend to immediately build extensive works, and have already
patented their inventions iu the United States, England, and Canada.
The Graham patent vise pipe wrench is the best and most service-
able one ever devised, never InjurinR a pipe by crushing or splitlbig.
All parts are interchangeable, and it will grip to a 3M of an Inch, while
for simplicity of adjustmeut it is unexcelled. It will take the short-
est nipple out of any coil, radiator, boiler, etc., without injury, and
will make closer connections than any other, insuring always tight
joints. In fact, it is the strongest, most effective, and cheapest
wrench in the world, aud is guaranteed to give entire satisfaction to
purchasers. It can never from any cause become set or locked to
the pipe. In the wrench Is a swell in the main under jaw, which
makes the tool thoroughly practicable as a nit wrench. Each
wrench is made of the best tool steel and is given a severe test before
leaving the works. If a brealiage does occur from any cause, and
the broken parts are returned, the firm will furnish without extra
expense duplicates. The breakage of pipes and connections often
occurring through corrosion can be saved by the use of the Graham.
Prices vary from $3 to $20. The partners aie all natives of BuCTalo,
where they are highly regarded in trade circles for their enterprise
and integrity. Tlie firm have received numbers of flattering testi-
monials from leading firms and companies, which highly endorse
the Graham pipe wrenches as absolutely the best and most effective

GERMAN-AMERICAN LAND OFFICE, B. M. Shultz, Busmess
Manager, No. 496 Main Street.— Prominent among th3 re-
sponsible houses engaged in the handUng of real estate in tlie
city of Buffalo, is that known as the German-American Land
Office, of which Mr. B M. Shultz is the efficient and courteous man-
ager. The offices occupied are most centrally located on the first
floor over No. 480 Main Street, at the iuU rsection of Mohawk Street,
and are easily accessible from all parts of the city. They are hand-
somely furnished, and well adapted for the transaction of the large
and Important business of Che firm. A general line of the real estate
business is carried on. including buying, selling, renting, and ex-
changing houses, buildings, lots, farms, and business property, a
specialty being made of handhng acreage property. A long list of
ehgible investments is constantly on flle, and from the well known
experience of Mr. Shultz. and his thorough knowledge of values, no
safer cliannel can be recommended to capitalists and would be piu--
chasers than this prominent and responsible house Some of the
finest parcels of real estaie in the city or throughout the adjoining
counties are on their books, among others .37t.j acres of choice land
on the Military Road, ten acres on the upper end of Main Street,
and many others, which are offered at low rates and on most favor-
able terms. Tax and title searches are furnished, the legal depart-
ment being under the supervision of !\Ir. .A. W. Bishop, a prominent
attorney whose twenty years' experience in the practice of his pro-
fession renders him on authority on the law of real estate. Mr.
Shultz was bom in Wiiliamsville, N. Y . and has been a resident of
Buffalo for twenty-flve years. He is vice president of the Buffalo
Stone and Cement Company, and highly popuUir with all with
whom he has dealings.

JOHN HAMILTON. Millinery and Fancy Dry Goods. Etc., Nos.
333 and 383 Main Street.— This business was established eleven
years ago by Hamilton 4 McCracken, who conducted it till
ISSr. when Mr. SIcCracken retiretl. Jlr. Hamilton continued
the business, which he has greatly improved and developed. The
premises occupied comprise a superior foursto.-y and basement
buildmj, 5Cxl23 feet in area, with a tour-story and basement building
in the I ear, M.xTS feet in Uiniensions. The various departments are
fully equipped with every convenience and facility, including cash
railway, etc. Mr. Hamilton employs m clerks, sjil.-.^lailies, etc , and

his trade, which is br.ih whi.h .sale aud retail, extends througtioul all
sections of Buffalo and its viciuiiy. So far as regards the character
of the stock and its extent nro concerned, It may bo stated that it Is
unsurpassed by any contemporary concei-n In the city, and cmbracea
a diversity simply Impossible to do-scrlbe, in silks, satins, velvets,
millinery, and fancy dry goods, notions, hosiery, gents' and ladles'
furnishing goods, etc. In millinery this house Is the recognized
headquarters In Buffalo for laces and trimmings of every description.
Including the latest Imported novelties from Parisand London. Tho
goods handled by Mr. Hamilton are unrlvoUed for quality, elegance,
style, and excellence, and have no siiperlnrs In this or any other
market, while the pricea quoted challenge competition. Mr. Hamilton
was born In Ireland, and having come to New York, was several years
hi the employment of the late A. T. Stewart. He is highly esteemed
by the community for his integrity and enterprise, and the abundant
success aeliieve<l Is only the Just reward of his Industi-y and energy.

WENDLING.& KNODEL, General Insurance, No. 12 West
Mohawk Street.— The Immense aggregate of capital as
represented hi the property of this busy city has not only
proved a fruitful field of operations for home histitutions,
but has encouraged the establishment here of foreign companies to
embark in a profitable business. These corporations place their in
terests in the control of gentlemen of large experience and undoubteil
reliability. Among the leading insurance brokers of Buffalo Ls the
well known and popular firm of Me-ssrs. Wendling and Knodel. who
occupy eligible otBces at No. 12 West Mohawk Street. These gen-
tlemen are prominent citizens and insurance brokers aud agents,
and represent some of the leading home and European or-
ganizations. The lirni are local agents for the Jlerchants' Fire In-
surance Company, the Ix>nQoa Assurance Corporation, the Guar-
dian Assurance Company, Now York Bowery Fire Insurance Com-
pany, also the Fidelity and Casualty Insurance Company of New
York, the Accident Plate Gla.ss Insurance Company, and the Em-
ployers' Li.ibility Organization. By rea.son of their wide experience
and connections, they are in a position to offer the rarest induce-
ments to property owners, and the uninsured in all classes of society.
The largest risks are promptly placed and distributed hi a judicious
manner, while the lowest rates of premium are invariably quoted,
and a hheral and speedy adjustment of all losses is guaranteed.
Messrs. C. J. Wendling and C. W. Knodel are the individual mem-
bers of the firm, both natives of this city. Mr. Wendling prior to
engaging in this bushiess was for seven years book keeper hi the
well known J. Meyer malt houses, Mr. Knodel gaining a previous
experience as assistant secretary of the Haimouica Fu-e Insurance
Company of Buffalo. They are popular and prominent members of
the Fire Underwriters' A-ssociation, and are greatly respected for
their business ability and uniform, unswervmg integrity.

OSCAR RYDSTROM, Pharmacist. No. 660 Broadway.— The re-
sponsibility and care resting upon the skill, experience, and
reliable character of the druggist hi filling the prescriptions
of the physician and family recipes for our physical ailments
are such that we are led naturally to be more exacting as to his
qualifications than in the case of any ordinary commercial pursuit
Among the well conductea and reliaule houses, engaged in this liusi-
ness, which enjoy an Al reputation for accuracy and liberal business
methods, is that of Mr. Oscar Rydstroin, which is most eligibly
located at No. 0% Broadway. Mr. Rydstrom is of Swedish na-
tionality, aud has been a highly respected resident of i his city for
the past sbc years. Having had a long practical pharmaceutical ex-
perience, and being a graduate of the celebrated Stockholm Univer-
sity in his native country, he began business on his own account at
his present address in IRS;. His pharmacy Is of ample dimensions,
neatly arranged, and fully equipped tor the transaction of business.
Having a large prescription and family recipe trade ample pro-
vision is made for this important feature of the busmess. which is
conducted under his immediate supervision. The general stock em-
braces pure and fresh drugs, chemicals, and pharmaceutical prepara-
tions, all of which are up to the highest standard demanded by the
United States Pharmacopoeia; also all proprietary remedies of well
known merit and reputation, toilet and fancy articles, fierfumery,
drUL'gists' sundries, and. m short, everything pertaining to a well
conducted pharmacy. Mr. Rydstrom is an enterprising gentleman,
who gives his entu-e attention to his business, ami enjoys the highest
res|)ect both of the medical profession and the general pubUc

130

^ILLUSTRATED

THE aUEEN
CITY OF THE LAKES.

THE C!ONTEACTOES' PLANT MANUFACTDRIXG C03IPANT,
Manufacturers of Derrick Horse Powers and Contractors'
Supplies, No. 129 Erie Street.— In the production of contrac-
tors' supplies and hoisting machinery, a representative and
successful concern in Buffalo is that known as the Contractors'
Plant Manufacturing Company, whose office and factory are located
on Erie Street, and its trade is now by no means confined to the United
States and Canada, but extends to Euiope, South America, and
Australia. Tlie business is conducted by Mr. G. M. Misner, man-
ager, who is fully conversant with every detail of this useful indus-
try and the requirements of contractors and others The premises
occupied comprise a spacious two-story brick building, fully equipped
with modern tools, machinery, and appliances. Here twenty-five
skilled workmen are employed, and the machinery is driven by a
30-horse power steam engine. The company manufactures a general
line of hoisting machinery, derrick horse powers, pile-driveis and
contractors' supplies. The company's derricks, etc., are made from
its own patterns and designs, and ai-e constructed with the greatest
care and accuracy and of the best materials. They have proved ex-
ceedingly valuable to contractors and others, and are noted tor their
strength, reUability and eflBciency, while the prices quoted for
them are extremely moderate. The company carefully fills orders
and fully warrants all its supplies to be exactly as represented. Mr.
Misner was boru in Ohio, raised in Milwaukee, Wis., but has resided
in Buffalo for the last eight years, where he is greatly respected in
trade circles for his ability and integrity. The business of the Con-
tractors' Plant Manufacturing Company is marked by a steady
annual increase, and its present prosperous increase augurs well for
the future.

BROWN & CO., Vessel and Insurance Agents, No. 202 Main
Street.— One of the most important departments of insurance
is that devoted to mariners' interests, and the first application
of theprmcipleof insurancewastomarinerisks. In America
the early colonists, who were extensively eugaaed in ship building,
began to look about for some protection against the loss of their in-
vested capital when disaster overtook their property at sea. In
England, the owners of shipping interests combined and agreed to
assume the responsibility for a certain amount of loss, signing their
names with the amount they would insure, under the list of the
ship's cargo. Fi-om this practice the name of underwriter was first
applied to marine insurance. It is with such preamble we make
due reference to the well-known Buffalo firm of Brown & Co., vessel
and insurance agents. No. 202 Main Street. This house was origin-
ally established in 18(8 by Messrs. Rodgers & Brown, with offices
on Central Wharf ; in 1833 removal was made to the more com-
modious quarters now occupied, and two years later, Mr. Rod-
gers died. In 1885 a copartnery was f oi-med, consisting of Messrs.
J. J. H. Brown, Edward Smith, and J. B. Rodgers, and the firm style
of Brown & Co. was adopted. The firm load and charter vessels of
every description, and procure freights and insure same for the lake
trade, and also act as agents for vessels consigned to their care.
They also act as representatives tor the well-known and staimch
commercial Union Insurance Company of Liverpool. England. In
all transactions the firm will be found just and liberal, always
anxious for the benefit of patrons, and prepared to offer advantages
and facilities in keeping with an honorable and energetic policy.

SCATCHERD & SON, Wholesale Dealers in Hardwood Lumber,
No. 471 Louisiana Street.- This great and flourishing business
was founded in 1867 by the late Mr. Scatcherd, who had for
five years previously ably represented Iheold house of Farmer,
DeBlaquiere & Deeds, whose large mills were located at Woodstock,
Ont., close to the finest hardwood forests in the world. As suc-
cessor to thefa- business here. Mr. Scatcherd brought to bear special
qualifications, soundest judgment, unswerving energy in pursuing a
sound commercial policy, and in securing to this market the finest
cargoes of oak, ash, white wood, maple.walnut, poplar, etc., handled
anywhere, as well as selecting tropical woods, such as mahogany,
rosewood, ebony, etc. The business rapidly expanded, and Mr. Scat-
cherd continued its guidance with special ability until, in 1880. the
growing magnitude of the hiterests resulted in the admission of his
son, Mr. John N. Scatcherd. under the existing name and style of
Scatcherd & Son. The junior partner, a native of Buffalo, had

grown up in the trade, thoroughly understanding its every detail,
and manifesting the highest order of mercantile capacity. The firmr
continued thus until the lamented decease of Mr. James N. Scat-
cherd on January 18, 1885, after a long, honorable, and useful career.
He was truly a public-spirited ciiizen, ever ready to aid good gov-
ernment, and the causes of charity, education, and religion. He
successfully reorganized the city's water department and freed it
from grave abuses, during his term of three and a half years as
water commissioner. He was for ten years a member of the Board
of Trustees of the Buffalo General Hospital, and was pi-esident
thereof at the time of his decease. He was one of the founders of
the Delaware avenue M. E. Church, and a member of its first Board
of Trustees; he ever supported the sound methods of commercial de-
velopment which renders Buffalo so prosperous, and has in his son a
worthy successor in the management of the large interests he
founded. The main yard and offices are desirably located on Lousi-
ana avenue. The piemises are 348x298 feet in dimensions, and here
is carried what is, without doubt, the finest and most comprehensive
stock of hardwood lumber in America. It is derived from the best
sources throughout the world and gives the architect, builder, and
furniture manufacturer the opportunity of selecting exactly what
he wants and m quantities to suit. The firm have recently bought
eight acres on Seneca Street, in East Buffalo, to secin-e a much
needed addition of yard room, and where they will pile several hun-
dred thousand feet of oak, walnut, ash, maple, etc., to thoroughly
season. Their trade now amounts to about forty milhon feet an-
nually and is steadily progressing, due to the fact that Mr. Scatcherd
makes quality his first consideration, and to the substantial induce-
ments offered as to prices, square and liberal dealings.

FM. DeCEU, Real Estate Broker, Loans and Insurance, No. 8
Fulton Market Buildmg, No. 158 Pearl Street. — Among
^ Buffalo's younger operators in the realm of realty, few are
better known or stand higher in public esteem than F. M.
DeCeu. He is a general real estate, loan and insurance broker, and
has an excellent business connection, his c-Uetitele including some of
our most solid and substantial citizens. Mr. DeCeu, who is a com-
paratively young man was born in Canada, and has resided in this
city a number of years. He is a gentleman of pleasing manners and
entire probity of character, as well as of energy and enterprise, and
is thoroughly conversant with the handling of property. He was
formerly senior member of the firm of DeCeu & Wiedrick for some
three years, and smce May last has conducted business alone here
with uninterrupted success. Mr. DeCeu buys and sells, on commis-
sion, every description of city and subiu-ban property; also leases
and exchanges, and gives personal attention to the collection of
rents and the management of estates. Investments are desirably
placed, likewise, and loans and mortgages negotiated, while risks are
effected m first-class fire companies ; and all interests entrusted to
this gentleman are handled in a manner to satisfy the most exact-
ing. The quarters occupied as offices are compact and well appointed,
and several efficient clerks are employed. Mr. DeCeu exercises im-
mediate supervision over every detail of the busine.ss, and all com-
mimications by telephone (No. 1382) will receive prompt response.

COMMERCIAL OIL COMPANY, Manufacturers of Neptune
Cylinder Oil and High grade Lubricating Oils; Alfred B. Clay-
son, Manager, No. 17 Main Street.— This flourishing company
was estabhshed in 1886 by its present head, Mr. Alfred B. Clay-
son, and, although but four years in existence, has, through that gen-
tleman's energetic management, extended its trade not only through-
out the city and adjoming counties, but over the entire lake districts
as well. The premises occupied comprise an entire four-story building,
26x125 teet in dimensions, and are well eqm'pped for the handling of the
products of the company. The Neptune Cylinder Oil is a specialty,
and since its introduction to the trade by this company, who are its
sole manufacturers, has taken front rank among lubricating oils in
the esteem of engineers and others. A general trade is also done by
the company in general lubricating, machinery, illuminating and
other oils, of which a large stock is kept constantly on hand. Mr.
Clayson is a native and resident of Buffalo. He is an energetic and
bono; able business man. liberal in his dealings, and has a high BOdal
aud busmess standing He is a veteran of the Civil War.

ILLUSTRATED

^xBvffalojc

JAMKS A. C^iMPBELL, IJonBTOl lusunuicv Agency, No. .lis Muiii
Str<H-t, Comer Eagle, Upstairs.— AinoiiR tlio luodini; outl reli-
able insurance o^ncies of Buffalo whose career beani evidence
of their soliilily and good mannRement is Hint conducted by
Mr. James A. Campbell, located nt No. HTS Jliiin Street, corner of
Iu>t;le. The bu&inoss was iiiauKiniited in ISTI) by the present pmpri-

won a large, inttuential patronage, while gaining, at the same
e, a foremost position in bis vocation. Jlr. Campbell is a general
agent, representing fire, life, accident, plate glass, steam
boiler and ndelity companies, foremost among which aio the Royal
Insurance Co., of Livei-pool; The Ins. Co. of North America; Phila-
delphia Phoenix As.surance Co., of London; Pennsylvania Fire
Ids. Co., of Philadelphia; German-American Ins. Co., of New York ;
Lloyd's Plate Glass Ins. Co., of New York. First-class risks are
assumed to any desired amount, and all losses that occur are
promptly adjusted and settled without delay. Mr. Campbell is a
native of this city, thoroughly identified with the best interest of the
community. He is an active member of the Board of Fire Under-
writers, of which he was president in 1S89, Ls also a member of the
Merchant's Exchange, has been president of the State League of
Savings and Loan Associations, of which organization he is now a
director, and for the past six years he has been president of tlie Irish
American Savings and Loan Association of Buffalo. He has been
connected with the insurance l)usines,s all his life, and in all liis
transactions Mr. Campbell aims to advance the best interests of his
native city.

FNSON'S AET AND STATIONERY ROOMS, No. 484 Main
Street.— One of the most notable and interesting establish-
ments to be met with on Main Street is Benson's Art and Sta.
ti.inery Rooms, which is the oldest ns well as the leading and

attractive store of the kind in PufTfllo. and receive a very

lui-^o and iutluential patronage. Tlio assortment of pictured, pic-
ture frames, and artistic novellleH displayed Is exci^cdlngly fine, and
Includes a number of rare and beautiful works of art, the collection
being altogether one of exceptional excellence. Every article sold
here, too, Is fully warranted ns represented; the artistic frandng of
pictures being a specially, wldlo the prices quoted are extremely
low, considering, the character of workmanship and quality of
nuiterlal. Mr. Benson has recently added to his stock a Ihio of fine
art stationery, which comprises a large assortment of high grade
slntionery, fancy goods, bric-a-brac, artistic novelties, dinner cards,
imported specialties, and always a most attractive display of Christ-
m.is goods; everything, in fact, pertaining to a flrst-class stationery
tiade. Special attention la given to engraving cards and wedding
and reception invitations. All engraved work guaranteed to bo sat-
isf.actor}- and in the latest and most approved styles. The store is
about 'JOxlOO feet in dimensions, with a well appointed art gallery in
the rear, handsomely fitted up and very tastefully arranged, where
are constantly on free exhibition a number of high class original oil
paintings by leading foreign and American artists. The stock is at
once large, varied, complete, and elegant, comprises besides oil
paintings, rare proof etchings, and also low priced ones, steel en-
gravings, original water colors, photo-gravures, etc., also a splendid
line of artistic picture frames, mouldings, and imported Flon-ntine
hand carved frames. Frames made to order In any desired design
at short notice, in antique oak, oxidized silver, white and gold, Ivor)-,
shaded wood, gold and bronze, and old frames regilt equal to new.
This flourishing business was established in 18«R by D. D. Benson, the
father of the present enterprising proprietor.

LEE, MAI4TIN & CO., Wholesale and Retail Jewelers, Nos. 943
and 343 Main Street.— The business was established in JIarch.
1689, by Messrs. Lee, Martin & Co., the copartners being
Messrs. Geo. A. Lee and P. J. Martin. The premises occupied
comprise three spacious floors 30x100 feet in area, fully equipped
with every convenience, including electric h'ghts, cash carrier, etc.
The stock is extensive and well selected, and comprises a full assort
ment of diamond goods, ladies' and gents' gold watches, earrings,
scarf-pins, bracelets, gold chains, gold rings, lockets, opera-glas.ses,
silverware, clocks, etc. Only the best and most desirable goods are
handled, and the prices quoted in all cases are extremely moderate.
The firm are noted for keeping nothing but genuine articles at their
establishment, and deal in no Imitation jewelry of any descriptioj,
consequently patrons are always sure of getting genuine articles.
Messrs. Lee, Martin & Co. also import and deal largely In reference
books and art publications. Mr. Lee was bom in Sodua, Wayne
County, N. Y., while Mr. Martin is a native of Warsaw, N. Y
They are highly regarded in business circles for their ability and in-
tegrity, and their trade, which is steadily increasing, now extends
throughout New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, and Ontario,
Canada. The firm employ thirty persons, and several traveling
salesmen represent their interests at the various cities of wealth and
population. Those interested requiring really superior watches,
jewelry, etc., should patronize this responsible house, while visitors
are not unduly pressed in regard to purchasing, as there is no nee J
for it.

CLARK E. EISS, Real Estate and Insurance, No. 56 Niagara
Street.— Prominent amon!» Buffalo's rising representatives of
the realm of really and risks is the gentleman whose name
stands at the head of the present sketch. lie is a general real
estate and insurance broker, is a man in the prime of life, was bom
in thiscily, and prior to embarking this sphere of activity had been
engaged in the lumber trade for some time. He is a gentleman of
strict integrity, as well as of energy and enterprise, and during the
three years he has been handling realty has been steadily pushing
bis way to the front. Mr. Eiss buys and sells on commission every
description of city and suburban property, both improved and un-
improved, givhig personal attention also to the collection of rents
and the mana;,-ement of estates. He lias a number of choice sub-
division lots and cottages for sale at exceptionally low figures and
at most liberal terms, on eo-sy time payments, and is prepared to
place investments at good paying security. Loans and mortgages
are negotiated likewise, and taxes paid for non-residents, while in
Rurance is effected in flrst-class fire, life, accident, and other com-
panies at the very lowest consistent rates.

ILLUSTRATED

132

WALKEE & THOMAS, Real Estate and Insurance, Nos. II
aud 1S, Hayen Bmlding.-In this city and vicinity opera-
tions in real estate during the past few years have been
particularly active, and among those prominently identi-
fied with transactions in this direction are Messrs. Fred. B Walker
and John Thomas, who, although young men, have had an extended
experience in the purchase and sale o£ realty. They are native
Buffalonians and commenced real estate operaSons m 1886, since
which date they have been very successful, and formed splendid con-
nections with capitalists and property owners. A specialty is made
hy Messrs. Walker and Thomas of buying suburban lands, which are
divided into building lots and disposed of at reasonable prices by
methods involving small weekly or monthly payments. In this way,
during last year, the firm sold over $1,000,000 worth of desirable
property, which has since proved, as investments, valuable to the
purchasers. Messrs. Walker and Thomas' transactions are con-
ducted on a large scale, and the firm, who have always splendid lots
of city and suburban property for sale, can offer the very best in-
ducements to investors. They buy, sell, and exchange property on
order, and are prompt and reliable in all their dealings. They also
represent the leading substantial insurance companies of Europe
and this country, and are prepared at all times to accept fire risks at
the lowest rates of premium. Messrs. Walker and Thomas occupy a
suite of offices, Nos. 11 and 13, in the Hayen building, comer of
Seneca and Main Streets, over the Manufacturers' and Traders'
Bank, where will be found maps and every convenience to faciUtate
real estate and insurance transactions.

ACME MINING COMPANY: E. B. Hill, Agent; Offices, Coal and
Iron E.vchange.— The "Acme" coal is justly celebrated as
a perfect fuel, aud wherever brought into competition with
other brands manifests marked superiority in sustaining the
processes of combustion in Ihe most economical mariner. It has no
rival as a steam coal, and the nut and egg sizes are equally popular
for household uses. This coal was known in the trade some years
ago as "Penn Coal." It resembles Pittsburg coal in appearance,
and is not only strong and free burning, but free from sulphur,
shale, etc. The steadily increasing demand for " Acme " coal since
the company was organized (in April, 1887), resulted in the opening
of a branch office in Buffalo in April, 1890, Mr. E. B. Hill being the
company's representative here. He has been with the company
.since lis organization, and is a recognized authority in the coal
trade, possessed of a ivide range of practical experience, sound
judgment, and great energy in the development of the companj''s
most extensive shipping trade. The company has very large con-
tracts on its hands, supplying railroads, dealers and large consumers
generally. The " Acme " coal gives the highest satisfaction, quality
and weight are guaranteed, while substantial inducements are
offered as to prices. The company is now producing upwards of
75,000 tons a year, and the steadily increasing demand from Bnffalo,
and through Mr. Hill's office from the west, indicates an increased
output in the future. Mr. Hill is a native of Pennsylvania, and
though a young man in years is old in experience in the wholesale
coal trade. He has achieved an enviable reputation since his con-
nection with this market, and is well worthy of the large measure
of success achieved,

HH. UTTLE, Architect: Office, No. 114 White Building.— A
distinguishing feature of the city of Buffalo is the superior
class of public buildings, hotels, business blocks, and
private residences that adorn and beautify its streets, the
fine character of which reflect great credit on the artistic skill and
taste of the architects who designed them. Among the most promi-
nent members of this arduous profession, none has prosecuted his
vocation with more skill or greater success than Mr. H. H. IJttle,
who occupies finely equipped offices in the White lire proof build-
ing. Nos. 293 to 288, Main Street. His rooms, situated on the fifth
floor, and numbered 114, are easily accessible by elevator. Mr. Little
has been engaged in the practice of his profession in this, his native
city, since 1878, and since 1884 has occupied the premises now utilized
by him. He is widely known as an expert and accomplished archi-
tect, devoted to his profession, and unremitting in his attention to
the oest interests of those who intrust their commissions to him. His
plans and estimates are prepared with great care and accuracy,
under his personal supervision, by a competent staff of practical

prepared witli

architects and skiUed draughtsmen. He is
every facility to design, superintend and
sive bmldings. Among well-known examples of his success in his
profession we may refer to the handsome double structure erected
at the corner of Seneca and Berrick Streets; Messrs. Fowler and Sons*
seven-story block; the handsome residence of W. W. Sloan, on Dela-
ware avenue; of Dr. H. L Foster, Wordsworth avenue; of John
Thompson, on Linewood avenue. Mr. Little was the supervising
architect of Public School-house No. 48, also of the new Post Office in
1885, and of many other public and private buildings which owe their
beauty and fine proportions to his skill. Mr. Little was for some
time a member of the Common Council of Buffalo, and is noted for
his reliable business methods as weU as for tbe active interest he
evinces in anything affecting the welfare of the city.

B.A.RTLETT aj SEARS, Shippers of Hard and Soft Coal and
Coke, Room 68 Coal and Iron Exchange.— This business was
established April, 1889, by Smith, Bartlett & Sears. Mr.
Smith died soon afterwards, and the business is now con-
ducted by the surviving partners, Messrs. John S. Bartlett and
Oliver W. Sears. Mr. Sears is a resident of Binghamton, N. Y.,
consequently the control of the business is in the hands of Mr.
Bartlett, who lives in Buffalo. Mr. Bartlett brings great practical
experience to bear, coupled with an intimate knowledge of the retail
and wholesale coal trade, and the requirements of patrons. The
firm's retail department and yard are situated on Hamburg and
Scott streets, and the Lehigh Valley Railroad. The yard is equipped
with every convenience and facihty, and has a capacity for storing
1,000 tons of coal. Three men aud two wagons are employed in the
retail deliveries, and the trade of the house extends throughout all
sections of Buffalo and its vicinity. Mr. Bartlett also promptly fills
orders for car-load lots, shipments being made direct from the mines
to consumer."!, while the prices quoted are always regulated by the
market. AH coal purchased from this i-esponsible firm is guaranteed
to maintain in evei-y respect the highest standard of excellence,
coming as it does from some of the most famous collieries in the
United States. Mr. Bartlett is a native of New York State, but has
resided i-u Buffalo for the last twelve years, where he is highly re-
garded in trade circles for his enterprise and integrity. In their
wholesale trade the firm ship largely East aud West, and havean ex-
tensive patronage in Canada.

NORTH^&VEDDEK, Insurance, No. 22 West Seneca Street.— The
importance of the insurance mterests represented today in
this city can scarcely be over-estimated, having increased in
an especially notable manner of late years. Few, if any, en-
gaged in this line are better known or enjoy a larger share of public
favor than North & Vedder, of No. 22 West Seneca Street, who are
general fire, marine, aud accident insurance agents, with an exten-
sive and substantial business connection. They occupy compact,
well appointed quarters here as offices on the first fioor, employing
an efficient clerical staff, and are prepared to place all classes of de
sirable risks as above indicated with responsible companies, at low-
est rates compatible with absolute security, guaranteeing equitable
adjustment and prompt payments of losses in every instance. The
firm enjoy exceptional facilities for handhng large fire fines, repre-
sentuig the following first-class associations: Merchants' Insurance
Company, of Newark; New York Bowery Insurance Company, of New
York; London & Lancashire Fire Insurance Company, of England;
Western Insurance Company, of Pittsburgh ; Alliance Insurance Asso-
ciation of New York; Buffalo-German Insurance Company of Buffalo;
Packers and Provision Dealers' Association, of Chicago; Employers'
Liabihty Company (Limited), of London; the great Armstrong Syn-
dicate of New York, composed of the Mutual Fire Insurance Com-
pany; The Fire Association and The Armstrong Insurance Com-
pany, and others equally noteworthy. All persons having busi-
ness relations with these gentlemen are certain to find the same of
an entirely satisfactory character. This flourishing insurance agency
was established in 1881, under the firm name of North & Vedder,
and has since been continued with uninterrupted success. Messrs.
Charles J. North and Harry N. Vedder are men in tbe prime of life
and natives of this city. Tbey are gentlemen of strict integrity, as
weU as of energy, enterprise and thorough experience, and are
active members of the Underwriters' Association, Mr, North being
also vice president of the Board of Underwriters

ILLUSTRATED

CITY or THt LAKES,

P.VLACE MEAT MARKET, So. MO Maio Stnt-t.— Ono of tbe
most popular and excelloot butcher stores in this section of
the city is the well known "Palace Meol Market," Pratt &
Co., proprietors. No. 550 Main Street. It is io all respects
u well apiJOinted, flrstclass place, and receives a large and select
patronose, tbe Drui doing a flourishiuu wholesale and retail business.
Ouly strictly flrstclass Buffalo dressed nieaUs ore offered for sale
hero, while the very lowest prices consistent with quality and quan-
tity at all times prevail; and cusloiners can rely upon getting
prompt s«>rvice as well as a superior article and standard weight in
every instance at this deservedly popular market. Tbe store, which
is ST.xSO feet in size, is completely equipped, clean, neat, and Invit-
ing, and thi-ce polite assistants are employed, with a deUvery wagon
serving patrons throughout the city. A large and flue stock is con-
stantly kept on hand, including choice fresh beef, mutton, lamb
veal and pork, prime, come<l, and dried beef, select boras, bacon,
deUcious sausages, lard, etc., the " Old Homestead " sausage being a
specialty; and all orders by telephone (No. D;)"! receive immediate
attention. The proprietors, who are comparatively young men and
natives of Buffalo, are gentlemen of pleasing manners and strict in-
tegrity in their dealings, as well as push and energy, and during the
two years or more they have conducted business here have been
highly successful.

WM. U. WATSON, Jeweler, No. 289 Main Street.— A sketch
of the jeneh-y trade of this city would be incomplete with-
out a notice of its most prominent representatives, Mr.
William U. Watson, who established this business in
1886, and has since that period steadily gairanl in reputation for
reliability, and to-day ranks as one of tbe most iunwriant houses
of the kind on Main Street, carrying as select a stock as that of
any similar establishment located on this busy thoroughfare.
The store is elegantly appointed, affording every convenience
for the display of the goods handled, which comprise European and
American wotches, diamonds, rings in large variety, brooches, pins,
bracelets, bangles, bodges, medals, and, in fact, o full assortment of
fine jewelry of even,' description. In addition to the above, here
may be found solid silver, Reed & Barton plated ware, optical
goods, bric-a-brac, etc. Mr. Watson has excellent judgment in every-
thing relating to the trade in which he is engaged, and Ukewise is a
thoroughly practical and experienced watchmaker, cleaning, regu-
lating, and repairing the most delicately made watches with the
greatest care and in the most satisfactory manner. He is a native
of Taunton, Mass., and lias now resided in BulTalo for the past fif-
teen years, prior to engaging in business on his own account having
been favorably identified as watchmaker in the houses of Messrs. J.
Walker and Edwards & Lee. He is a thoroughly skilled exponent of
his craft, and a prominent member of the Jewellers" Security Alliance.

AL. WARNER, Real Estate and Insiunince, Room 4, Brown's
Building.— Mr. Warner has been establlslied in the line in-
^ dicated for the past six years, and by energy, sagacity,
and thoroughly honorable methods has biiili up an exten-
sive and influential business connection, his clit^uUte including the
names of some of the largt st property owners and wealthiest resi-
dents throughout the ciiy and environs. Mr. Warner, who is quite
largely interested in real estate of his own and bis family's, likewlsei
is a gentleman in ibe prime of life and was bom in Bufl'alo. He is
a man of the highest personal integrity, as well a ■ enterprise and
ample experience, and is thoroughly conversant with every feature
and detail pertaining to the purchase, sale and transfer of realty and
kindred interests. He U a general real estate and insurance broker,
buying, selling, and exchnnging all kinds of improved and unim-
proved property, and gives personal attention to the management of
estates, the collection of rents, and is prepared to effect ilsks in all
flrst-class Are insurance companies, at lowest r«le.s. while his facili-
ties for placing large Are lines are excepii..nally favorable, and all
persons having business transactions with biiii are assured of flnd-
ing the same of an entirely satisfactory character.

JOHN MELVH^LE, Manufacturer of Hnmes.s. Etc., No. )42
Niagara Street.— This house was originally founded in 1886 by
lis present proprietor, who since its ver>- inception at that
period has always enjoyed a liiiernl and influenilnl patronage.
The business conducted by Mr. delvllle comprises thot of manufnc

Hiring line harness of ever}' description. Road, Uack, and drivmg
hames-s, both single and double, constitute the principal product li.n
of the house, and has obtained a standard n^putaiion for exci'llenc-
and durability, finding a ready market wherever Introduced. The
premises occupied are very commodious, and are stocked with a full
and coiuplote assortment of bits, whips, saddles, bridles, blankets,
robes, brushes, fly-nets, etc., and, indeed, everything that pertains
to the proper care of horses. A specialty is made also of the whole
sale manufacture of horse boots of every description, a beoutiful
catalogue of which will be sent on application. 5Ir. Melville acts as
agent for the sale of Steven's Ointment, Oombault's Caustic Balsam.
Kendall's Spavin Cure, Dixon's Condition Powders, and kindred
equine remedies. Mr. Melville is a native of Ireland, and has re-
sided in Buffalo for the past iiineti'en years, his practical exiierience
as a hame,ss maker extending over a period of upwanls of a quarter
century. He is widely known and highly respected as the head of
the leading house in its line in the Queen City.

LOUIS BERGTOLD, Cigare, No. 207 Main Street.— Mr. Lotiis
Bergtold has been engaged in his present enterprise for the
past ten years, and his goods are well known and highly ap-
preciated both in the retail trade and among a large class of
private patrons who make his establishment their favorite one for
the purchase of the fragrant weed. His store is lo.-ated at No. 287
Main Street, and is both commodious in point of size, and elei^ontly
equipped with regard to interior appointments. Since Mr. Bergtold
primarily engaged in business, he has ever made it a fact that
he only handled a good class of honest cigars, worthy of the
high opinion of smokers, and that he bos thoroughly carried oul
this laudable intention is amply evidenced by the jwrmonent and
constantly growing patronage he to-day enjoys. Here may at all
times be purchased the very finest grades of Havana, Key West,
and domestic cigars, and Mr. Bergtold's facilities of supply ore such
that he is enabled to quote prices, both to consumers and the trade,
few of his competitors can duplicate. His goods, in fact, are the
l>est for the price in Buffalo. Mr Bergtold is a native of the city, a
gentleman now in the prime of life, whose marked success may un-
doubtedly be attributed to tbe unswerving fldelity with which he has
always catered to the wants of his patrons.

AW PAUL. Real E.state, Etc., No. II Ea.st Mohawk Street.—
Mr. Paid has been established in the real estate business
, for the past fifteen years, and therefore brings to bear
upon the subject great practical experience, coupled with
an intimate personal knowledge of the advantages of the residential
and business sections of Buffalo and her environs. He conducts a
general realty busine.ss, buying and selling houses, stores, lots and
land, in the city and suburbs, placing loans, negotiating mortgages,
arranging transfers, co'.lectiog rents, etc. His keen appreciative
judgment of values, present and prospective, togei her with a large
aoquaintance with business men, render Ills services peculiarly valu-
able to parties dealing in realties. He likewise places risks with re-
liable insurance companies, making a specialty of accident policies.
Mr Paul is a native of Buffalo, anti has made himself prominent in
a field of busine-ss of the greatest importance to all who desire a good
and safe income with absolute security for their investments.

WM. M. ENGIJSH, Wholesale Lumber Dealer, Comer Seneca
and Michigan Streets.- A representative and progressive
house in the Queen City actively engaged in this impor-
tant enterprise is that of Mr. Wni. M. EngUsb, which was
establlshe<I in P^T" by Mr. English, who has since built up a liberal
and influential patronage in all sections of tlie middle and eastern
states He makes a specialty of dealing in cargo or car load lot* oi
white pine, hemlock, hard wood, etc., which are offered to custom-
ers at the lowest ruling market prices. All transactions are con-
ducted upon n lil>erol basis, and all dealings with the house are sure
to result profitably and pleasantly. The sources from which .Mr,
English draws his immense supplies of pine lumber are the choicest
sections of Michigan. Wisconsin, and Canada. Orders are carefully
filled at the lowest mling market prices, and extensive stock of
choice lumber is always on hand. Mr. English was bora in Buffalo,
where he is highly regarded in trade circles for his enfcerpriBO, busi-
ness ability and integrity. He has likewise an office in New Tork City
at No. 22 State Street, and In Boston, Mass.. at No. 4 Liberty Square.

ILLUSTRATED

134

THE aUKEN
CITY OF THE LAKES.

S LOCUM & MANNING, General Agents tor the Fidelity and
Casualty Company of New York, No. 378 Main Street.— The
multitudinous dangers to life and limb, to which the exigen-
cies of modem lite has exposed the inhabitants of both coun-
try and city, and which in most cases no human prudence can avoid,
have given rise to that department of insurance which is called " Acci-
dent Insurance." It isa roost popular branch wherever introduced,
as the benefits derived from its policies are immediate. One of the
representative and most reputable companies who make a specialty
of insuring their patrons against casualties of all kinds in the FideUty
and Casualty Company of New York, of which the general agents in
tliis city are Messrs. Slocum and Manning. This branch ofBce -was
established in 1887, by Mr. Sidney W. Slocum, who in 18S9 associated
with him his present partner, Mr. Robert A. Mannin.;. The business
created by these enteiprishig young men in this city and vicinity, has
grown to great proportions, and has given their house a prominent
position in insurance circles. Their offlces are centrally and conveni-
ently located at No. 378 Main Street, and are handsomely furnished
and fitted up. They have also a sub-agency in the neighboring vil-
lage of Tonawanda. Risks are taken on all manner and kind of
casualties, boiler accidents, plate-glass, employes' liability, elevator,
etc. This company also issue bonds guaranteeing persons in posi-
tions of trust, at the very lowest rates. Claims are never resisted,
or delayed, but are adjusted without delay and prompt settlement
effected. In addition to this insurance business, Messrs. Slocum and
Manning are also actively engaged in the buying aad selhng of city
and suburban real estate, of which they handle large lots. They also
collect rents and manage the estates of absentees, negotiate loans,
mortgages, furnish taxes and title searches, etc. Their terms are
of tlie most reasonable character, and fuUy warrant the large and
influential patronage that they have secm-ed. Both gentlemen are
natives of Buffalo where they are highly esteemed for their enter-
prise, businecs ability and integrity.

DR. D. B. WIGGINS, Specialist, No. 50 E. Seneca Street.— For
forty-one years Dr. D. B. Wiggins has been a leading physi-
cian of the city of Buffalo. In 1849 he establislied his now
widely-known liouse in premises situated at corner of Niagara
and Eagle Streets, from wliich he removed to No. 440 Main Street, and
finally to his present quarters at No. 60 East Seneca Street, two doors
east of tlie post-office. Discarding the time-worn and exploded theo-
ries of the old school of medicine, he has for years advocated the use of
botanical medicines, and has now the proud satisfaction of seeing his
method largely adopted by many of the representative physicians of
this and other coimtries. He has devoted all his time and energies to
the dissemination of the fruits of his scientific studies and researches.
and the preparations for the use of the public of such remedies as
have only botanical properties for a basis. The premises heoccupies
are central and easy of access from any part of the city. They com-
prise an office in which he is visited by his patients, and which the
numerous demands for his advice preclude him from having to call
at patienti' houses ; also a handsomely fitted up store in which he
keepsconstaiitlyafull and complete line of his well-known remedies,
which are prepared under his personal supervision. Dr. Wiggins is
a native of Vermont, and resided for three years in Adams County,
C, he is a graduate of the Physio-Medical College of Cincinnati from
?hich he received liis diploma in 1846. He is also a member of tlie
Western New York Medical Association, and in 1858-9 occupied the
chair of Anatomy and Physiology in the above college. His profound
knowledge of things medical, and the great experience he has ac-
quired in his long practice, render his services of inestimable value
to all whose slate of health necessitates recourse to a physician. He
is a prominent citizen of Buffalo in whose welfare he has always
taken a deep interest, and where be is respected and honored by all
classes of men.

J NO. F. HABERSTRO, Real Estate and Insurance, Corner Main
and Olmton Streets.— One of the most popular and respected
real estate agents and iQsm*ance brokers in Buffalo, N. Y., is
Mr. John F. Haberstru, whose offlces are so centrally located
in the Arcade Building, comer of Main and Clinton Streets. This
business was established in 1879 by Mr. Joseph Berlin, who, in 1*9,
November 6th, was .succeeded by the present proprietor, who had

been associated with Mr. Berlin for three years prior to this date.
Mr. Haberstro is, a gentleman of executive ability and indomitable
energy, who, since he opened his offices, has developed one of the
most active and first-class Unes of trade in his specialties in this city.
He sells and exchanges all classes of real estate, and always has
choice properties on his books, both in houses and lots, in all sec-
tions of the city. He effects loans upon real estate, also bonds and
mortgages on easy terms, does a large renting business, and has
extra facilities as a house agent in securing careful and responsible
tenants. His connections are strictl.v first-class, and he has built
up a deservedly fine trade, making the management of estates
and title searching a specialty. Mr. Haberstro is a qualifie<l notary
public of upwards of twelve years' experience, and pays special at-
tention to this branch of his business. He is a native of this city.
He displays great energy and determination in busmess, and has
built up not only a large trade, but the highest of reputations in
Buffalo's mercantile circles as a thoroughly reliable and honorable
business man, well worthy of the large and permanent trade which
has rewarded bif

HD. FARWELL, Undertaker, No. Bl Niagara Street, comer
Franklin.- The oldest undertaking estabhshment of the
, city of Buffalo is that of Mr. H. D. Farwell, which us also
a leading house in this line of business. It was foundiHl in
1837 by his uncle, Mr. Eldridge Farwell. and carried on by him with
Mr. H. D. Farwell as assistant, until 1851, when they formed a co-
partnership imder the firm name of E. & H. D. Farwell, which was
continued until the death of the senior member of the firm, in Janu-
arj 1864, when Mr. H. D. Farwell became sole proprietor and con-
tinued as such, with Mr. George Meacham as assistant, until 1878,
when Mr. Meacham became the proprietor, with Mr. Farwell as
assistant, until 1883. From 1837 to 18-'3— a period of fifty-six years—
the premises occupied were Nos. 17 and 19 Niagara Street, but in the
latter year Mr. Farwell removed to No. 201 Pearl Street, where he
continued the business, with Mr. George E. Beach as assistant, until
1888, when he removed his business to its present ample and commo-
dious quarters. No. 51 Niagara Street, on the corner of FrankUn. His
rooms are handsomely furnished and fitted up and contain the latest
and most artistic designs in caskets and funeral furniture of every de-
scription. Mr. Farwell was born in Elmore, Vermont, and has been a
resident of Buffalo forty-six years, during all of which time he has
been engaged in the tmdertaking business. He is a prominent member
of the Erie County and New Y'ork State Undertakers' Association. Mr.
Beach, his competent assistant, is a native of Buffalo, and has occu-
pied his present responsible position for seven years. Mr. Farwell is
widely known as an undertaker throughout the country, and no house
of the kind has a better reputation for the quiet and orderly mjinner
in which its business is conducted.

CH. UTLEY, Pianos, No. 8a Pearl Street.— This flourishing busi-
ness, which has been conducted in the building now occu-
j pied for forty odd years, was established in 1842 by H.
Utley, who carried on the same up to 1873, when it passed
into control of his son and successor, the present proprietor, under
whose efficient management it has ever since been continued with
uninterrupted prosperity. The business premises comprise an en-
tire 25x125 four-story and basement structure, with spacious and
tastefully appointed warerooms on the second floor, and a large staff
is employed, including a number of expert workmen. An exceed-
ingly fine assortment is constantly kept on hand here, embracing
besides the justly-famed productions of Haines Bros., Vose & Sons,
and the Schubert Piano Co., for which Mr. Utiey is agent, other first-
class pianos and organs; also an elegant line of cabinet makers' and
upholsterers' supplies. Pianos and organs are sold either for cash
or on easy-time payments, at rock-bottom prices, liberal and honor-
able terms always prevailing, while every instrument leaving this
veteran and responsible house is fully warranted, purchasers being
assured of getting au A No. 1 article as well as courteous treatment
in every instance. Instruments are tuned and repaired, likewise, in
the most prompt and superior manner; also exchanged. Mr. C. H.
Utley, who is a man in the prime of life, bora in this city, is a gen-
tleman of pleasing manners and strict integrity in his dealings, as
well as of energy, skill and experience, and is thoroughly conversant
with the business in its eveiy feature and detail.

ILLUSTRATED

*^BVFFAL0JC

THE aUEEN
CITY OF THE LAKES.

13.1

DE. NEWHALL. Grain Commission Merchant, Nos. 17 and
IS, Board of Trade Building. — The iinporljince of the
^ City of Buffalo as a Kraiu centre and a kvidinj; distributing
point for produce procecdlug from the grain growing soc-
tiODS of tlie West to the markets of tbo East, cannot be over e«tt>
mated. Her position as the eastern terminus of the great lalies,
and western terminus of the Erie Canal, through which the pro-
ducts of the West are filtered into the various channels of trade of
tlie State of New Tork, or sent through to the Atlantic seaboard, as
weJI OS her situation as a great railway centre for trunk lines con-
verging from north, south, east and west, give her an unrivalled
advantage over any other city on the continent. The grain trade of
Buitalo has therefore become a most important factor in her com-
merce, much of which is due to the oetivity and energetic tempera-
ment of her business men. Prominent among the leading grain
commission houses of Buffalo is the old estabU-sheil one of Mr. D. E.
Newhall, whose elegantl.v fitted up offices ore located iu rooms Nos.
IT and 18 of tlie Board of Trade Building. Mr. Newhall is a native
of Jlilwaukee, Wis., ond settled in this city iu ISflS. In 1S~0 he es-
tablished his business on the Central Wharf, whence he transferred
It to the prt-mises now occupied in 1(!S8. lie Ls a large receiver and
shipper of grain on commission, and by his unceasing watchfulness
over the interests! of his patrons, and the sound judgment he ho-s
always displayed in following the pulse heats of the market, has
acquired a wide and far reaching trade. His honorable and liberal
melbo<ls, and the promptness with whicli settlements are made, have
given him a high reputation omong his colleagues and with the
pubUc in general. Ho is a member of the Merehanis' Exchange of
Buffalo, and chairman of its grain committee, and Is highly esteemed
and respected by all who have business with him.

CASPER WITTMAN, Jr., Real Estate, No. 47 East Seneca Street.
—One of the most popular and responsible real estate brokers
in Buffalo Is Mr. Casjwr Wittman, Jr., whose office is eligibly
situated at No. 47 East Seneca Street. None in the biLsiness
sustains a higher reputation, and few enjoy a larger share of public
favor and confidence than he. He has been established in business
on his own account since IS78, and prior to that period was identi-
fied with the well known house of 5Ir. Cliarle.s A Slater, in the same
line. He makes a leading specialty of handling improved city prop-
erty on commission ; dwellings, building lots, stores and other forms
of property are bought, sold and exchanged; rents are collected,
conveyances and all kinds of legal instnmient are drawn up, titles '
are examined, estates are mannged for absent owners; and unsur-
passed faciUties are possessed for the prompt negotiation of loans on
bond and mortgage. Investments arc desirably placed, and Mr.
Wittman is accounted among the best judges of present and pro-
spective values of improved city property in the business. He num-
bers among his clientele many of the wealthiest capitalists and
largest prof erty owners in the city, and has carried through to a
socoessfuJ isfcue many heavy and important transactions. His ser-
Tices are in constant requisition in a professional capacity, as an
agent and expert, and are always rendered with promptitude and
conscientious fidelity to the best interests of his clients. Mr. Witt-
man is a native of Philadelphia, a young man of the highest social,
professional and bu.siness standing. He is a director cf the Hyde
Park Land Company, as also of the New York Central and Hertel
Avenne Belt Line Syndicate, and has risen to success in his business
by honestly deserving it.

GEORGE IRISH. Wholesale Paper Dealer, Nos. Si and 86 Pearl
Street.— In no branch of her wholesale trade is Buffalo more
favored than In that of paper, in which line she has the repre-
sentative establishment of Mr. George lrish,which is,without
exception, second to none in the United States, and equalled by but
very few. Mr. Irish is a native of Lewiston, Niagara Co., N. Y., and
when a youtli of eighteen came to Buffalo to engage in mercantile
pursuits. He was for twenty-one years clerk, salesman, anil lastly
conddeTitial man in the old house of L. C. Woodruff, prior to start-
ing iu business for himself in 1883. Thus, though stai a young man,
he is experienced in the wholfsale [laper trade, and one of the
most practical experts therein. He has rapidly enlarged his trade
upon the most substantial basis, and on May 1, 1890, in order to
secure adequate facilities for stock, removed from his old stand. Nos.

100 and 108 Pearl, to his present desirable premises, Nos. 81 and H;
The building is four stories and basement in height, and ittxljri fei-t
in dimensions, and It Is very handsomely fitted up, affonllnu-
ever}* convenience for tho handling and storage of stock, which is
most complete atid compreheiiKlve in every detail, having fuilfi^t
lines of paper for wrapping, printing, and writing purposes. To
give some idea of Its superior character wo may mention, that Mr.
Irish represents the famous Oarlner & Tints Paper Co., of Middle-
ton, O., who.se nianilitt papers are in such universal demand ; also
C. n. Robinson, of Lafayette, Ind., celebiatetl for straw papers; also
the Pettibone Paper Co., of Niugarii Falls, manufacturers of printing
paper; also the Harland Paper Co., of Jtiddleport, N. V., manufac-
turers of straw paper; Hollingsworth it Whitney Co., of Boston,
Mass., and other similar leading manufacturers. The trade done Is
of wide distribution, Mr. Irish having developed influential connec-
tions among printers, dealers, bag maimfacturers, etc., all over
western New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, in the
northwest, and also eastwards. This is emphalically a rising, push-
ing hou.se. Mr. Irisli recognizes no arbitrary trade boundaries; he
offers substantial inducements to buyers at a distance as well as
near at home, both as to price and quality, and can promptly fill all
the largest orders in a manner most gratifying to every consumer.
Mr. Ii ish has an enviable reputation in commercial and financial
circles; he is progressive and a close student of the market, is
permanently holding to Buffalo, and is annually enlarging a trade
of the first importance as to charocter and magnitude.

WG. HARTWELL, Real Estate, No. 35 White Building. -
Among the large number of deafeis in real estate who
^ devote their time and energies to the buying and selling
of BulTolo realty, few enjoy to a greater extent the con-
fidence of the community than Mr. W. G. Hartwell. This gentle-
man's office is located in room a\ on the second floor of the hand-
some White Building, on Main Street, between W. Swan and Erie
streets, and is easy of access by means of the double rapid elevators
with which that building is provided. Mr. Hartwell established his
present business four years ago, and from the start met with most
encouraging success. Energetic of temperament, prompt and quick
of movement, indefatigable in his exertions to guard tlie interests of
those who have entrusted their propertj' or money to his care, he
has succeeded in building up a business of which firms of much'
longer standing miglit well feel proud. A geneial line of real estate
is handled, a specialty, however, being city and vicinity property.
Suburban lots in the most desirable localities, easily acces-silile to
all from any part of the city, are offered by him on the most advan-
tageous and easiest terms of payment, and at the lowest prices.
Improved farm properly in the counties unmediately odjoining
Buffalo are also on his books, and no safer guide as to investment iu
this class of security can be found. Mr. Hartwell is a native of
Charlotteville, N. Y. He was formerly engaged in real estate busi-
ness in Clneago three years, and in New York City and vicinity
same length of time.

VL. TIPHAINE, Wines, Liquors, and Cigars, No. 1.1 East Swan
Street.— The premises utilized by the above gentleman tor
^ business purposes comprise a handsome store having the
ample dimensions of 25x80 feet, practically ananged and
provided with every convenience, and in its fittings and appoint-
ments is strictly Parisian, giving one a fair idea of the character
and style of flrst-cluss establishments of the kind to be found in the
best quarters of the French Capital. Mr. Tiphaine carries a heavy
stock of fine old wines of various vintages, which he imports direct
from the wine growers in France, and also liquors, cordials, and
choice old French brandies, and European wines and liquors of
ever>- description, and makes a special feature of superior pure, old
American whiskies. He is tloing a fine trade, andainong his patrons
are many of tho best families in the city, who have the most implicit
confldence in Mr. Tiphaine. who never under any circumstances
deals in or han.lles any wines or liquors but what he can safely
recommend for purity and superlotive excellence. He makes a
speciol feature of family trade, and as Ills goods are bottled under
his immediate direction ond supervision, and are strictly as repre-
sented, the best satisfaction is expressed by all dealing with him.
Mr. Tiphaine is a gentleman in middle life. and enjoys a wide rei)n-
! and regard of the community.

"ILLUSTRATED

136

^^1jyFFAL0JC.

FJ. ILUG. Manufacturer of Copper. Tin, aud Sheet-iron Work,
Stoves, and Builders' Hardware. No. 541 William Street,
near Krettuer. — One of the most popular and enterprising
business men of Buffalo is the gentleman -n-hose name
heads this sketch. Born in this city, Mr lUig has, since he reached
young manhood, been ever prominently before the public, both as a
progressive and public spiriteil citizen, interested in all that affected
the city's welfare, aud as a leading exponent of the line of trade in
which he is still engaged. His father was for twenty-nine years the
1 rusted manager of the manufacturing department of the well
known and representative house of Sidney Shepard & Co., and under
his carefid guidance Mr. Illig, vvho was also an employee of the
samefii'm for seventeen years, was ti-aiued to a th«)rough knowledge
of the trade in all its aspects. In 1883 he established his present
business, and from the start secured a patronage such as is only ac-
corded to first-class houses that are managed by first-class men.
The premises he occupies comprise a substantial two-story frame
structure, •iisiOo feet in dimerrsions. They are spacious arrd com-
mOilious, every facility and convenience for manufacturing and the
storage and display of stock being at hand. The factory is equipped
with all the most modern and latest improved tools, appliances, and
machinery for sheet metal working, and tor repair-ing stoves,
rarrges, and furnaces in the most woi-kmanlike manrrer. A large
force I if skilled hands is constantly employed, and all orders ar-e filled
and excuted on short notice and at reasonable prices. The store is
hartdsomely appointed arrd well ordered, and is attended to by an
elBcierrt staff of able and courteous assistants. A heavy and flrst-
class stock is carrieii. comprising stoves, ranges, heaters, and fur--
naces, builders' and house hardware of all kinds, tin, sheet-iron, and
copper ware, granite, agate, and kitchen ware, mecharrics' tools in
great variety, machitrists' and blacksmiths' supplies, nails, rivets,
and scr-ews; table and pocket-cutlery, gar-den tools and farrrr imple-
ments, and all kinds of house-furnishing articles. The trade is a
very extensive one, and is steadily inci-easirrg from year to j'ear.
Air. Illig is a universally popular man, and, although never sought
for by him, has bad several important public offices thrust on him.
For one year he filled the pos.cion of Civil Service Commissiorrer,
and in April, 1889. was appoirrtod by the Mayor, PoUce Commissioner
of this city, one of the most responsible offices in the system of mu-
. nicipal government, which position he still holds to the great satis-
faction of all our citizens.

STADERMAN & FOX (Sirccessors to Buffalo Piano Mfg. Com-
pany), Manufacturers of Upright and Square Pianos, Nos. 1189
and 1491 Niagara Street.— The upright arrd square pianos man-
ufactured by Staderruan & Fox, at Nos. 1-189 aird 1491 Niagara
Street, are fast becoming to be recognized by mechanical experts
and professional musicians as the best embodiment of reliable ma-
terials, perfect wor-kmanship. beauty of design, purity of tone, great
power and excellence of action, coupled with elegance of firrish.
The company are now turning out twelve pianos per month, and are
about to enlarge their plant to keep pace with the growing demand
for their irrstruments. The trrre merits of an instrument lie in its
purity of tone, volume of sound and durability, and to secure these
at their utmost perfection has been the life-study of the proprietors
of this house. The sounding-boards are selected by them personal-
ly, great care being takerr that tlie grain of the wood is such that the
greatest amount of tone possible will be produced. The same per-
sonal supervision enters into all departments Mer-it and excellence
are the first considerations. The management do not aim or desire
to compete with airy of the so-called cheap pianos, which are dear
at any price because ot their inferiority, but have conscientiously
applied ail their knowledge and resources to the perfection of their
instruments, aud are to-day turning opt a class of piairos which
cannot be excelled in the United States for fine singing quality of
tone, thorough relialdlity, and uniform excellence. Their uprights
give the best satisfaction of any piano in the market. No new fan-
gled alleged improvement injures or mars the harmonious symmet-
ry of the instrument, mystifies the public, or bothers the tuner;— in
a word, a splendid, practical instrument, unquestionably the leader
in its line, unapproached and unapproachable. The cases are ot
the finest cabinet woods, beautifully designed, and bear-ing the high-
est finish. A large and complete stock is constantly carried, from
which purchasers at wholesale or retail can be promptly supplied.
»nd satisfaction as to quality and price is invariably assured. Care-

ful attention is also given to i-epairiug and tuning, a
cations by telephone or by mail receive immediate response.
The proprietors. Messrs. T. Staderruan and L. J. Fox, are accom-
plished manufacturers, thorough nrusiciairs, and honorable business
men. whose friends are legion in both social, musical, and trade
circles, and whose brilliant success and permanent prosperity in the
business world is well assured.

NA. CARROLL, Successor to Carroll & Shea, -Wholesale
Dealer iir Fine Whiskeys; Wmes, Gins, Br-arrdies. Etc., No.
74'2 Seneca Street. -In these days of adulteration and de-
ception it is only by the exercise of great care in purchas-
ing, either by the retailer or consumer, from the most reliable houses
that quality of wirres and liquors can be assured. A decidedly popu-
lar and reliable exponerrt of this trade in Buffalo maintaining a
most enviable reputation for handhng only Al goods, and for hon-
orable, straightforward business methods, is that of Mr. N. A. Car-
roll, successor to Carroll & Shea, wholesale dealer in fine whiskeys,
gins, brandies, wines, ere, whose popular coircern is located at Ko.
74-i Seneca Street, with telephone connection No. 195. This business
was founded origirrally on this street in 1875 by Messrs. N. A. Carroll
and William Shea, and at once secured an endurmg hold on public
favor, arrd which resulted in the developrrrerrt of a very large and
influetrtial trade, which is wholesale in its character. In order to
moreefficierrtlynreet the increasing demands ot their customer-s,
they, in 1885, removed to their present address, where their trade
has continued to increase ever since. Owing to the letirenient of
Mr. Shea some time ago, Mr. Carroll became sole proprietor. The
premises occupied are very commodious and fitted up with every
convenience, while a large and carefully selected stock is kept con-
stantly on hand. The stock embraces the most celebrated distilla-
tions of fine rye and bourbon whiskeys, gins, foreiirn and dome.stic
lums, and the choicest vintages of pure French and American bran-
dies; French, German, Spanish, and domestic wines of the mo.st
famous brands, also Irish and Scotch whiskey.s, foreign arrd domes-
tic ales; and besides thesea full anri complete assortmentof ci>rdials.
bitters, case-goods, etc. The goods of this house are noted for their
superior excellence and low prices, and customers have the com-
plete satisfaction of knowing that nothmg inferior or adulterated
will be sold to them. Polite service is accorded to all customers,
and order-s are filled promptly and delivered in the city free of
charge. Mr. Carroll is a irative of Ireland, a pleasant, courteous,
• and enterprising gentleman, highly respected in social and com-
iner-cial life for his ability and integrity.

THE SPRINGFELS MANl FACTURING COMPANY, Manu-
facturers ot All Kinds of Plush anil Morocco Cases, Jewel-
ers' Trays and Findings, Nos. 46 and 48 Broadway.—
Although established only a very short time, the Spiirrg-
tels Manufacturing Company, manufaciur-ers of plirsh and mor-
occo cases, jewelers' trays and findings, Nos. 46 and 48 Broad-
way, have already acquired an extensive business connection,
their trade, which is of a very substantial character, reaching
all over the United States. The secret of the pi-osper-ity that
has attended this concern from the start is not far' to seek, how-
ever. Turning out a class ot goods of exceptional excellence,
prompt and thoroughly rehable in execrrting orders, and the estab-
lishment being withal managed with ener-gy and ability, the r-esult
could scarcely have been other than the well-merited success that
has attended the venture. The premises occupied as factory, office,
and salesroom comprise three 20x100 feet floors, and are completely
equipped with all necessary facilities, while employment is fur-
nished to upward of forty expert hands. The productions include
elegant plush and morocco cases in artistic designs arrd exqirisite
workmanship, and in every sizt, shape, style, and variety; also
jewellers' trays and kindred articles generally, and the very low est
prices consistent with quality of material and character of work
are quoted to the trade, the company selling direct to wholesale and
retail jewelers, and all orders for anvthing in the hnes above indi-
cated are filled in the most expeditious and trustworthy manner.
The managers of the factory have been in this business for a number
of years, and are abundantly able to meet all oiilers. arrd execute
thempromptlyinthemostsatrsii, !..,< ,,miiim-i Mi, c. F. Friedholt,
who is connected with them. ^^.. i i i .itn,,- in this busi-
ness, chief reporter tor R. s 1 ' inm.ic-i.il .-Vgency,
which is a sufficient guar'antei- :,- i.. i, lu s^ ,|ii:rlitic,rtions.

JLLUSTRATED

BF. WATSON & C >., Real Estate Brokers, No. 805 Moln
Strwt.— The real C8tat«.> brokiT In BulTulo has open before
liiiu an ample Held for enterprise and iisefuluess, and oiuuj-
of our most proiiiineut citizens are engaged in tliLs Import-
ant, branch of industry AmouK the more recent acquisltlonH to
ttieir ranks may be named the (Irm of B F. Wutson & Co., whose
..races are centrally and eliiribly located at No. 305 Main Street Tlio
business was orlRinally stai-ted at the opening of the current year by
Mr. Benj K Watsou. who was subsequently joined in the month of
April by Mr. E. A Ecgert. Bstli centleuieu are nutivesof Buflido, and
lUT? familiar alike with the present and prosi)ective values of real pro-
perty both in and around the city. They consequentlj- aluays have on
their books many desirable bargains, including business, residential,
and manufacturing sites forsale and e.tchange, and their specialty in
which they liave aU-eady liecouie smgularly succe^'*ful is the procur-
ing moneys to loan on bond and mortgage. In this branch, tbey ore of
the utmost service to borrower and lender, securing to the one
ample funds with which to extend his busitics.s and to the other a
profitable and safe investment. The pro|X-rties in wliich they deal
are absolut«?lv perfect as regards their title, and no estates are
handled e.\-cept those which are thoroughly sjife investments.
Messrs. Watson & Co , will be found gentlemen in every s. use
worthy of the trust and confidence reposed in tbeni, careful, accu-
rate and honorable, their great aim being the welfare and beneOt of
their clients.

TV. DICKINSON. Jeweler, No. 38J Main Street -The name of
Dickinson has for many years past, and will for many years
, to come, be inseparably associated with and suggestive cf
fine jewelry and precious stones, in the minds of BuHalo-
nians. Of the several engaged in this line of business in this city
who bear this familiar and honored name, one of the best known
and most popular is Mr T. V. Dickinson, dealer in jewelry, watches,
and silverware, whose flourishing establishment is located at No 88."
Main Street, near Eagle, and is one of tlie attractions of that
thoroughfare. The premises occupi>-d comprise a store a'lxGO feet
in dimensions, richly and elegantly fitted up with attractive show
windows, in which are displayed to the best advantage specimens
of the valuable antl heavy stock contained in the store. A specialty
is made of diamonds, diamond settings, solid silver, etc In the
latter the house has always maintained an excellent reputation for
the unrivalled excellence and elegance of its ivares Diamond
mounting and the manufacturing of small jewelry is also a specialty,
as is the repairing of watches, etc. Mr. Dickinson is a practical
watchmaker and jeweler, and employs five expert assistants. All
orders c jtrusted to him are promptly executed in the most skilful
manner and at very moderate rates. The trade extends throughout
the whole of western New York, and the potronage is first class and
very influential. The proprietor was born in Bradford, Yorkshiie,
England, forty eight years ago, but has resi>1ed in Buffalo since IMS.
He established his present bu.siness on Main Street in 1W9, and in
1.S.S7 remove-1 to the tine premises he now occupies He is a member
of the New York .lewelers' League, aL=o of the ,Tewelers' Protective
Association of i hicngo. Energetic and enterprising. Mr. Dickin-son
ha3 by these qualities, as well as by his uniform courtesy and geni-
ality, made himself universally popular in all circles of Buffalo life.

FRANCIS ROOT, Manufacturer ft John Root's Bitters. No. 309
Seneca Street.— The establishment where these hitlers ore
mniinfactured was founded ns far back as 18.11 by the man
whose name they bear, at No. 292 Sen.-ca Street, and since
that lime the reputalion of this infallible reitiedy has steadily in-
creased. Iti 1874 Mr. Francis Roots, on the death of the foimdei- of
the business, succeeded to the latter, and by his ability and experi-
enced energy has proved himself worthy of the house lie was at that
time called on to manage. In 18!I0 the growing demaml for its prod-
ucts necessitated the removal of this establishment to the larger and
more commodious premises it now occupies at No. ,108 Seneca Street.
Unlike many other preparations generally cltu*ised under the name
of bitters, tlie.se are a purely medical compoun<l. prepared solely
from vegetable sources, and contain nothing that is not salubrious,
■leansing and restorative. They cure fever and ague, dyspepsia,

jaundice, liver or kidney coiii|>laint, loss of opi-ror'v. headache,
biliousness, remittent or iiit4*rniitteut fevers, b,<«in, si-arl«-i. aim
typhoid fever, and ore highly recommerided tor Iheli absolute piirliy
and tonic elTects. The side of these goods Is veiy largo, cxlei.ding
all over the Uniteil Stales. The miiiiufactuiing depurtmeni is ui der
the immediate supervision of the proprietor, wliase long expt-neneo
and ability are sure Kiiarantees of the excellence of its products.
Although the house Is cmstantly in receipt of thousamls of ccriKl-
caU-s Vi thi- value of these bitters as a never-failing remedv. yet it
has always followeil the policy of Irliliig them speak for iheinselveH,
and the inimense sales made testify to the treat confidence the pub-
lic has ill them. Mr. Root, like his preileics-or. Is a Canaiiian by
l.iith. but has been a life-long resident of HiilTal". wiiere i.e is held
ill high esteeni for his honorable and upright ilealingw, and his many
personal qualities. All orders entrusied to him leceive piomin and
careful nttenti.iii. and no industrial hou>e in the state enjoys a
greater popularity with the trade generally.

DIEBOLT BROS.. Dealers in Choice Family Groceries, Tens,
ColTces, Spices, p'oreign and DomesI ic Fruits. Etc., No. 5,S
Main Street.— Among the aiany excellent grocery stores in
this quarter of I he city, there i;^ probably not one that has
secured a more enduring hold on popular fuvor than the well know n
establishment conducU'd by Diebolt Bros . nt No. 5S Main Street,
opposite Terry Street. It is in all ri«pi'Cls a llrst-class family gro-
ceiy store, and has a veiTf fine patronage; the trade of the Urni,
which is both wholesale and retail, constantly improving The
quarters occupied, which are 2.5x100 feet, are commodious, neat, ond
well ordered, and a large, choice assortment of goo<ls is always kept
on hand here, vessel and steamboat suiiplies being a siecialty.
Three or more cfflcient clerks attend to the wants of potron.s. while
two wagons serve customers throi'~hoiit the city, goods being de
livercd free of charge to any par. of Buffalo. Rock bottom prices
prevail here likew ise, and purchasers can rely upon getting full
weight and a, superior article in every instance, quantity as well as
quality being w.irrantod. The stock, which is large ard complete,
includes select teas and coffee", pure ond fresh spices, condiments
and table delcncies in great variety st,indnr<i grades of sug;irs,
syrups and rjolasscs: dried fruit, prepared cvreals and canned goods
of all kinds; foreign and domestic fruits, nuts, and vegetables; fine
creamery butter, cheese and fresh eggsr prime hams, bacon, lard,
and provisions; lie.st brands of flour, rice, meal. peas, heaos, baking
powder, soda, salt, salcrattLS etc. ; also smoked, salt and dried flsb,
crackers, biscuit, cigars, tobacco and kindred articles, vinegar, oils,
wooden ware, brushes, brooms, and everything in the line of staple
and fancy groceries. This thriving business was originally estab-
lished some forty years ago by B. Diebolt, who conducted the same
up to 1S8.3, when it passed into control of his sons and successors.
Messrs. G. A. and A G. Diebolt, by whom it has since been con-
tinued with uninterrupted prosperity.

JR. DRAKE, Solicitor of American and Foreign Patents, Comer
Main and Seneca Stre*'ts. — In this cit.v there are o number of
patent solicitors, ond among these it is safe to say that then-
are none more thoroughly familiar with the duties jvMtaining
thereto than Mr. J. K. Drake, who possesses an experiince rarely
equalled in this special branch, and is thus enabled to rffer the best
possible facilities to all desiring to procure strong and valid letters
patents, or requiring investigation or counsel in connection there-
with, and is a gentleman who may be depended upon in every way
for reliability, promptness and solicitude for the interests of his
clients. Mr. Drake procures patents in this ond foreign countries,
preparing specifications and drawings, assignments, caveats, re-
issues, and also devotes his attention to copyrights and trade mark-s,
and furnishes accurate information with reg-ird to patents and in-
ventions, so that nil unnecesB.iry expense can he avoided. Ue is
a Bostonian by birth, and has been established in his profession in
this city for o period of twenty years, and in his present location
since ISSS, and in that time has been very successful in obtjiining
patents for many useful inventions. He has correspondents in
Washington. D. C. and is well equippetl and prepare<l in every way
to render the best satLsfaction to those employing his services.

ILLUSTRATED

A J. OISHEI, Law, Collection and Real Estate Office, No. 362
Main Street —Bu£Ealo bas no financial interest of more
paramount importance than that of real estate, and the
public has turned its attention to the city real estate market
as one absolutely secure, and where, if judicious purchases are made,
not only is a steady source of income assured, but likewise prospec-
tive increase of values. Among the sound and prosperous houses
engaged in the handling of realty is that of Mr. A. J. Oishei, whose
law, collection and real estate office is located at No. 36-2 Main Street
and its popularity proves that it enjoys the esteem and confidence of
the entire community. The proprietor, Mr. Oishei, is a native of
Memphis, Tenn., but has resided in this city since 1K65. He established
business here m ISSS, bringing a wide range of practical experience
to bear, coupled with an intimate knowledge of the merits of the
various residential and business sections of the city. He is an attor-
ney and notary public, and carries on a general business in buying,
selling, leasing and renting property, collecting rents and securing
tenants, managing estates, effecting insurance, and negotiating loans
en bond or mortgage to any amount. Mr. Oishei also represents
all the trans-Atlantic steamship companies, provides European
tickets at very cheap rates, and furnishes drafts on all parts of
Eiu-ope at a reasonable percentage, any further comments of ours
upon this responsible house would be superfluous; the proprietor is
a gentleman of talent and integrity ; his methods have met with the
permanent approbation of our leading citizens, and he is a most
worthy exponent of Buffalo's real estate market.

LOCKWOOD & OUGH, Manufacturing Stationers, Nos. 18 and 20
Seneca Street.— The business of this concern was organized by
its present proprietors in 1S84, who h.ive developed the trade of
their establishment very considerably and have obtained a lib-
eral and influential trade and patronage from the public, owing to the
unsurpassed quality and excellence of their various manufactures, and
to the artistic character of their printing. The firm occupy a store
50x80 feet in dimensions, basement and upper floor of the old postoffic-e
building, and the premises are equipped with all the latest improved
machinery and appUances, by means of which the work produced is
accomplished with dispatch and in the best manner, employment
being furnished to some thirty skilled and experienced operatives.
There is a full assortment of types for every description of printing,
modern printing presses operated by steam power, and in the blank
book manufacturing department every mechanical requisite of a
superior order. The firm make a specialty of blank books, copying
boobs, ruled sales books, lumber tally books, stenographer's note
books, etc.. and carry a full line of filing devices, letter and docu-
ment files, architects' and engineers' supplies, tracing cloth and
paper, blue print paper, fountain pens, gold pens, pencils, and every
variety of ordinary steel nibs and stationers' sundries. Throughout
the establishment there pervades a system of order that facilitates
the transaction of business, and makes the house a pleasant one with
which to establish trade relations.

WW. POTTER, Artistic Stencil Cutter and Rubber Stamp
Manufacturer, No. 22 East Seneca Street.— Among those
, in the city actively identified with the business of
stencil cuttmg and manufacturing rubber stamps, is Mr.
W. W. Potter, who has been engaged in it since 18155. He is a native
of Ohio and came to Buffalo in that year, and conducted and man-
aged a flourishing business for [many years. In 18T8 he formed a
copartnership with Mr. John B. Edmonds, and under the name and
style of Edmonds & Potter, a widespread business was done. In
May last the firm was dissolved, since when Mr. Potter has con-
tinued the business on his own account, occupying well-equipped
quarters. Room No. 5, in the old postofflce building. No. 22 East Seneca
Street. Mr. Potter is the inventor and sole manufacturer of " Pot-
ter's" patent changeable shipping stencils, which are in use all over
the country, and pronounced the most convenient device ever de-
vised for the purpose for which they are intended. He also manu-
factures stencils of all kinds and sizes, and rubber stamps of the
V*est quality, and deals in marking materials and steel stamps, burn-
ing brands, seals, seal presses, dates, rubber stamps, and brass
checks of every description, and everything that belongs to the busi-
ness. Mr. Potter is well equipped for manufactiiring purposes and
.fills orders promptly at the very lowest prices. He is doing a flour-

ishing city and country trade, and each year his operations are be^
coming more widely extended.

JH ULLENBRUCH, Scientific Optician, No. 274 Main Street.-
What with discovery, invention, and the development of
^ skill, a high degree of perfection has been attained in tho
devices for restoring impaired sight and for increasing the
power of vision. And in this connection, special mention ougbt
here be made of J. H. Ullenbruch, scientific optician, who is the
leading exponent of this art in Buffalo, and who enjoys a repntation
for skill and reliability second to none in his line in the country. He
is a manufacturer, importer and dealer in general optical goods,
mathematical and philosophical instruments, engineers' and sur-
veyors' supplies, and kindred articles, and has a very large and in
fluential patronage, his trade, which is both wholesale and retail,
extending throughout western New York and portions of the states
adjoining. The premises occupied as salesroom and shop comprise
an entire 20x100 feet gi-ound floor, with ample and complete faciUties,
and four expert assistants ar-e here employed. An extensive and
exceedinely fine assortment is always kept in stock. Every article
sold in this responsible establishment is fuUy warranted, and all
work done is guaranteed flrst-class, while the prices prevailing here
are exceptionally low, and all orders for anything in the line indi-
cated will receive immediate attention. Mr. Ullenbruch, the propri-
etor, is a gentleman in the full prime ot life and a native of Ger many,
but has resided in this country a number of years, succeeding J. M.
Ollendoiff here in 1878. He is a thoroughly expert optician, of
many years' experience, as well as a man of energy and entire
probity ot character, and is master of his art in all its branches.

HG. WHITE, House, Sign, Ship and Fresco Painter, No. SJ
Main Street.— It is not given to many to conduct a busi
^ ness for upwards of fifty years, and still remain adtive and
energetic, and in " working harness," but such has been the
happy fortune of Mr. H. G. White, the most prominent house, sign,
ship and fresco painter m Buffalo, whose business quarters have for
the past forty years been at No. 83 Mam Street. Mr. White is a na-
tive of BurUngton, Vt , and came to Buffalo in 1836, when a young
man of twenty-two years. On Independence Day, 1636, he estab-
lished the business which he still continues to direct, his store then
being located on the site where the Bank of Commerce now stands
Employing from twenty-five to thirty skilled hands, according to the
season and the demand, Mr. White is at all times prepared to enter
into contracts for the execution of house, sign, ship and fresco paint-
ing in all their branches, guaranteeing the most satisfactory services
in every instance. Estimates are furnished on application, and
work once undertaken is finished without delay. Mr. White is an
honorary member ot the Twenty-first Regiment Veteran Associa-
tion, also a member ot the prominent fraternal orders, as well as
a patron of art and literary societies: and he has given invaluable
aid towards promoting the social and business status and progress
of this conununity.

HENRY W. ZEIGEL, Real Estate, No. 352 Main Street.— The
steadily increasing demand for choice city real estate is one
of the most suggestive features ot the day, and indicates
that there is no other form ot investment so absolutely sure
and remunerative. Mr. Zeigel has, since he began business in 1ST5,
dealt in realty of all kinds, and his sound judgment and accurate es
timate of present and prospective values have enabled many ot the
leading capitalists and investors to make judicious selections, and,
in the case of improved property, to be sure ot a steady income,
and a progress in enhancement of value. Mr. Zeigel carries on a
general business in buying, selling, renting, leasing, and exchanging
property of aU kinds, negotiating loans on mortgage security, effect
ing fire insurance, collecting rents, and assuming the entire charge of
estates. He has a number ot subdivisions, excellently located and
cut up into building lots, which are offered at exceptionally reasona-
ble prices for spot cash, or on easy time payments. In all trans
actions the customer has his interests carefully advanced. Though
a native ot Germany, Mr. Zeigel has resided in Buffalo the greater
part of his life, having come here forty-five yejirs ago. He has ever
manifested a warm interest in everything pertaining to the steady
development of the city, and is personally held in the highest esti-
mation throughout the city.

ILLUSTRATED

^^Bl/FFALOJx^l

THE (XUaCN
CITY OF THE UUOJS.

CHALLAUER, Dealer in Poultry, Butter, and Errs, Fruits and
Vei^etabU's, Dried l>uit. Etc ; und OeueriU Commijssion Mer-
, eliant. No. tSi East Market Street —For more tlian thirty
years no liouse bos done mort> to strengt'ien and develop the
prixluee and wholesale commission itidustry of BufTiUo than that non*
knon-n under the name of C. Hallauer. ThLs business was estab
lislied in ISflO by Mr. E. Smith, at No. 110 West Market Street. In
IHKT he was BUcctHxled by Ml". Hallauer who has since conducted the
business alone. The premises now occupied are located at No. 0.3
East Market Street, and comprise a one story frame building. SOxSO
feet, exclusively" devoted to the purposes of the trade. It is
»>quipped with all that is neci-ssary for the prompt and rapid
executi:>n of orders, as well as for the safe storage and preserva-
tion of the goods handled. Mr. Hallauer possesses unsurpassed
facilities for conducting large operations under the most favor-
able conditions. He is widely known as a produce commission
merchant, handling poultry, bi'tter and eggs, fruits and veget-
ables, dried fruits, and country produce of all descriptions. No
dealer in this city has a fairer name for lil)erality in dealiog with
shippers, and the numerous and influential connections he has
established throughout the country, indicate the high esteem in
which he is held and the conhdence reposed in him. His wide ac-
quaintance with jobbers and dealers, and the intimate knowledge he
possesses of tha daily wants and varying requirements of the trade,
enable liim to place all goods consigned to him with dispatch. An
inflexible rule of this house requires an immefliate account of sales
to be rendered, and remittances to be at once made. The stock car-
ried is large and varied, and comprises all the leading products of
the best sections of the country. Mr. Hallauer is a native of Switzer-
land, and came to this country in l&W. For many years he was a
resident of Chicago, but has lived in Buffalo since 1880. He is very
popular with the trade, and imiversally esteemed in this community.

ROBT. F. ATKlNS.Uiidertaker, No. 68 E^ast Eagle Street.— A lead-
ing and prominent Buffalo undertaking establishment is that
conducted by Mr. Robert F. Atkins, No. 08 East Eagle Street.
This gentleman is a native of England, came to this country
lliirty-seven years ago, and has ever since been a most devoted and
loyal American citizen. Sixteen years have elapsed since he founded
the responsible and enterprising house that bears his name, and its
record ia that period of time has been an unbroken one of success
and prospeiity. The premises utilizrd as offlcesandshowroomsare
probably the most elegant in the city, handsomely furnished and
decorated, and most conveniently adapted to the purposes of the
business transacted in them. They are situate on and comprise the
whole of the spacious first floor of a fine brick structure built a few-
feet from the line of the street, and agreeably shaded by some of
the finest foUage trees to be found on this asphalt paved thorough-
fare. They are compact, ample, and neat, and a first-class and
well assorted stock of everything comprehended in funeral requisites
is always on hand. The latest and most artistic designs in caskets,
coffins, and everything connected therewith are constantly carried,
the relations of this house with the most representative manufac-
turers of this line of goods, and its unrivalled facilities, enabling it
to place before its customers the choicest of these goods at most
moderate rates. A staff of efficient assistants is steiulily emplojed.
and remains are taken in charge at any hour of the day or night and
prepared for burial. All orders receive prompt and expeditious
execution. This gentleman is a member of the Cincinnati School of
Embalming, the most celebrated in the country, and this branch of
the business is attended to by himself personally. Interments are
procured in any of the cemeteries of the city, and conducted in the
most splendid manner, or (vith the quietest deconim, according to
the wishes of patrons. Liberal terms prevail, while satisfaction is
guaranteed it) every ca.se. The elegant hearses and carriages pro-
vided are the finest in Buffalo, and no firm in this line Is better pre-
pared to conduct funerals. ^Ir. Atkins is a progressive and enthusi-
astic citizen of this city, and is always to be found taking a leading
part in whatever is conducive to its welfare. In the dark days of
the late Civil War he took a leading part as a member of the 89th
Regiment of U. 8. Volunteer Infantry, and was seriously wounded
at the celebrated battle of Peven Oaks. His prowess and fine sol-
dierly qualities received prompt recognilion, and, although be en-

listed as only a private, at the close of the campaign ho was colonel
in command. For four years and eight months he fought Uie bat
ties of the Union, displaying his bravery on many fields of action.
He is a member of the Exempt Volunteer Firemen's Association of
this city, and an active member of the following societies: Ameri
can Legion of Honor, A. O. U. W., Select Knight, Improvi-d
Order of Red Men, Ancient Order of Foresters, Empire Order of
Mutual Aid, Knights of Honor, Knights of Pythias, Order of United
Friends. Order of Home Circle, Sons of St. George; he is also a gen-
eral of the Order of Patriarchs Militant. Ho is o leading member of
the Buffalo Funeral Directors' Association; also of the State Associ-
ation, of which he was at one time the honored president, and is one
of the most popular and highly esteemed citiz<?n8 of Buffalo.

MCLEAN BROS., I)i-y Goods, Etc., Nos. 321) and »il Connecticut
Street.— A prominent, responsible and representative house
omong the many which cater to the trade of the west side
of the city is that of Messrs. McL*'an Brotiiers, dealers in
dry goods, notions, and millinery. This large and prosperous eslab-
lishnient was founded in 1887 by Messrs. Jolm and Simon McLean,
in the premises they still occupy, at Nos. 330 and 3ii Connecticut
Street, corner of Plymouth Avenue. From the start the bouse
secured one of the most extensive and fashionable patronages ac-
eo.-ded to any house in this section of the city. The profound knowl-
edge its promoters had gained of the trade since their boyhood was
found to be inestimably serviceal)le to their patrons in securing for
the latter the latest and best goods obtainable in the markets, and
secured for the house a lai*ge degree of successful prosperity. The
premises comprise three distinct stores, communicating one with
the other l>y means of arches. They are elegantly ond tastefully
fitted up, the show windows especially being dressed in such st^-le
as to make the establishment one of the finest ond most attractive
on this street. They are provided with every facility and equipped
with whatever will ensure the comfort of their patrons. The depart-
ment devoted to millinery is a spacious apartment, 30x00 feet in
dimensions, in which are displayed all the latest novelties produced
by European and American houses in the way of hats, bonnets, cnps,
hoods, etc. The notion department, also 30x60 feet, is replete with a
large and carefully selected stock of all that the name implies, while
that devoted to dry goods. 40x60 feet in dimensions, contains a full
and complete assortment of fancy and staple goods, wooletis, cot-
tons, linens, etc. A stock valued at $13,000 is carried, and constantly
renewed from the best sources. Prices asked are invariably low.
Ten assistants are in attendance, and the utmost courtesy is the nile
of the house. Both partners are natives of Scotland, but have re-
sided in Buffalo since theu- early youth. They are progressive and
enterprising, and are very popular with the trade,

CHAS. A. DENNIS, General Bicycle Dealer. No. 254 Allen Str. et.
—The bicycle may be said to combine the features of physi-
cal exercise, athletic I'ecreation and locomotive utility, no
other, so to speak, gymnastic appnratu.-* supplies, and hence
it is little wonder that bicyclism has become popular the world over
No city in the Union, if we except, perhaps, the National Capital,
affords better accommodation for bicycle riding, by reasoit of the
superabundance of asphalted thoroughfares than tioes Buffalo. In
this connection the attention of our readers is called to the r<;cently
opened bicycle agency of Mr. Charles A. Dennis, located at No. 2M
Allen Street. ?tr. Dennis opened this establishment during the
early part of the current year, and already enjoys quite an extensive
patronage atnong the leading wheelmen and cycleclnbs of the Queen
City. This could hardly be olhervvi!,e. not only for the reason that
Mr. Dennis is an expert on the construction, repair, enamelling, plat-
ing, etc., of the bicycle, but also on account of the fact that he ban
dies only such first-class machines as the " Rudge " (for whiih he is
sole ogent). "Warwick," "Union," "Empire." "Little Giant."
"Eclipse." "Imperial," "Oasis," "The Gem," "Reliance," and
others of more or leas celebrity. The.se goods are sold for cash or
upon the tontine system of payment, and, in view of the great and
growing popularity of the bicycle among all classes of the cnni-
munity. Mr. Dennis' future prosperity seems assur-ed beyond the
peradventure of a doubt. Catalogue, price list, and nil information
pertaining to specinl terms, etc.. will be mailed or given free upon
application at his bicycle repository, No. 354 Allen Street.

ILLUSTRATED

'J^

HENRY EATON, General Real Estate Agent and Broker. No.
30 Wliite Building. -The enormous development of the real
estate market in the city of Buffalo, is one of the most posi-
tive indications of its solid prosperity, as its realty is being
more than ever sought after as a remunerative and absolutely safe
method of investment. The high character which these invest-
ments have attained reflects great credit upon our real estate
agents who are manifesting a public spirited interest in the future
welfare of the community. Among the number well worthy of
more than passing mention is Mr. Henry Eaton, whose office is at
No. 30 White Building. This gentleman is a native of Erie County,
a young man and a resident of this city a number of years,
having been engaged formerly in a depai-tment of the cooperage
business, which he relinquished, and acquiring some real estate he
established himself in this business in 1SS9, and during the interven-
ing period has developed a very large and influential patronage,
which includes a number of our prominent investors and property
ownere. His office is centrally located, neatly and appropriately
fitted up with every convenience for the successful transaction ot
business. He is prepared to buy, sell, exchange, and let all kinds of
city and suburban improved and unimproved real estate, and at all
times has a large list of desirable properties on his books for sale,
e-xchange, to lease or let, upon the most advantageous terms.
Possessing an intimate knowledge of properties in all portions of
the city and vicinity, and conservative in his views, his judgment
as to present and prospective values is of great importance to in-
vestors and can be safely'relied upon. He also takes full charge
and management of estates, secures responsible tenants, collects
rents, pays taxes and assessments, and effects repairs and improve- '
ments in the most judicious and economical manner. Loans are also
negotiated on bond and mortgages promptly and satisfactorily to all
parties. Mr. Eaton is an active, enterprising and popular gentk-
man, highly esteemed in social and financial circles and a most public
spirited citizen.

TB. STALEY, Dealer in Fine Shoes, No. 546 Main Street —A
noteworthy and excellent Main Street footwear emporium
is the spacious and well appointed store of T. B. Staley,
centrally situated on the pleasant thoroughfare meutioned
•tt No. 546, two doors above Huron Street. This is one of the finest
nnd foremost estabhshments of the kind indicated in Buffalo, ami
lias an extensive family patronage, the trade being largely of a per-
manent character. Every pair sold here are warranted as to style,
workmanship, and material, while fine shoes are made to order like
wise in the very best manner, at short notice, fine work being a
specialty, and patrons are assured of getting perfect fit as well as a
first class article at lowest figures in this de.servedly popular em-
porium. The store, which is 8.5x25 feet, is neatly appointed and well
arranged, and several courteous salesmen are in attendance. A very
large and complete assortment is constantly carried in stock, and
includes ladies', misses', gentlemen's, youths', boys', and children's
fine shoes, in all sizes, widths, shapes and varieties, both in finest
and medium grades; also a fine line of slippers and rubbers. Mr.
Staley, the proprietor, is a gentleman in the full prime of life and a
native of Erie County. He is a man of, entire reliability in his deal-
ings, active, energetic, and devoted to his business, and well merits
the substantial share of public favor he enjoys. He has been estab-
lished about twenty-three years, and was formerly located at No.
480 Main Street, moving to the present quarters in May 1890.

MLEO & GEORGE L. RITT, Real Estate and Insurance, No.
533 Main Street.— Owing to its stabiUty no class ot flnan-
, cial investment in any progressive community oflfers such
safe and substantial returns as realty, as it is the last com-
mercial element to be affected by general depression, and the first
to be enhanced by indications of a revival of business prosperity. It
is for this reason that the shrewd and sagacious everywhere pin their
faith to real estate, in preference to any other form of speculation.
One of the most reliable real estate and insurance firms in Buffalo,
is that of Messrs. M. Leo & George L. Ritt. whose offices are located
at No. 5-33 Main Street. This business was established thirty-one
years by Mr. M. Leo Ritt. who eventually admitted his son, Mr.
George L. Ritt, into partnership. They trnn-sact a general real es-
tate business, buying, selling, renting, and exchanging houses and

property, negotiating loans on bond and mortgage, managing estates
and making investments. They are recognized authorities as re-
gards present and prospective values ot realty in Buffalo and its
vicinity, and number among their permanent patrons many solid
citizens and wealthy 'property owners. They are directors in the
Peoples' Land Company, and Black Rock & Belt Line Land Com-
pany, and have lots for Sale at low prices in these companies' sub-
divisions. Messrs. M. Leo & George L. Ritt, also conduct a general
Fire Insurance Company, and are local agents for the Milwaukee
Mechanics' Fire Insurance Company. As practical undem-riters
they offer superior advantages to the public in low rates and hber-
ally drawn poUcies, while all losses sustained are equitably adjusted,
and promptly paid through this agency. Both Messrs. M. Leo and
George L Ritt are natives of Buffalo, where they are highly es-
teemed by the community for their abiUty, promptness and integrity.
The charges of this firm are always fair and reasonable, and no one
in this hue is more worthy of enduring success.

STANDARD CYCLE COMPANY, Bicycles, Cycle Sundries, and
Merritt and O'Dell Typewriters, No 588 Main Street.— During
the past decade cycles have come into very general use, both
for business and pleasure purposes; and tj-pewritei-s become
important and indispensable adjuncts to every well regulated
business office, and as a consequence the demand for these machines
is active and brisk. The trade is controlled by men ot enieipiise
and capital and conducted on a large scale, the leading representa-
tive house in this city being that of the Standard Cycle Co., whose
office and salesroom is at No. 588 Main Street. This concern was in-
corporated in 1889 with a capital of $8,000, and has since continued
to do a large, widespi-ead, wholesale and retail trade, handling and
dealing in bicycles, tricycles, and safeties made by the most distin-
guished manufacturers in this country and England, and also c\cle
sundries, and the celebrated Merritt and O'Dell typewriters, which
are pronounced the best among the many low-priced machines on
the market. The spacious, commodious salesroom is 22x65 feet in
dimensions, and is neatly and tastefully fitted up m handsome style,
and a full stock of cycles of every description, and Merritt nnd O'Dell
typewriters are kept on sale, and the company can offer the vei-y
best inducements to buyers. The business of Ihe company is not
confined to the city, but extends to all parts of the United States,
and is steadily growing and increasing in magnitude. Mr. H. C.
Martin, the president of the company, is a live, wide awake, active
business nian.well and favorably known in this city and very popular.
He has had a long, valuable experience previous to locating in Buf-
falo. Mr. O. F. Thomas, the secretary and treasurer, is also well and
favorably known in this city, and under their able direction and
management the affairs of the company are flourishing and
prosperous.

WHITE & FISH, Real Estate and Loan Brokers, No. 66
Niagara Street —A prominent and representptive Buffalo
real estate firm is that ot White & Fish, whose office is
located on the second floor of No. 56 Niagara Street. They
are general brokers in realty and loans, and have a substantial and
influential business connection, numbering in their extensive clien-
tele many of our wealthiest property owners and stanchest citizens.
This well and favorably known agency was established close upon
twenty years ago by Geo. I. White, who conducted the business
alone up to 1885. when he associated with him in partnership E. P.
Fish, and under their joint management it has since been continued
with increased success. They buy and sell on commission every de-
scription of real estate, both improved and unimproved, and have a
number ot choice building lots and clioice residence properly, which
are offered at exceptionally favorable terms, either for cash or on
time payments. They are prepared to assume rar-nagement of es-
tates likewise, while taxes are paid and tax and title searches fur-
nished. Notes, loans, and mortgages are negotiated also, and invest-
ments desirably placed, and persons h;ivine business transactions
with this responsible firm are assured of finding the same of an en-
tirely satisfactory character. Messrs. White and Fish, who are gen-
tlemenot middle age and natives of this city, are men of che hiirhest
personal integrity, as well as of energy, sagacitv, and thoroneh ex-
perience in the realm of realty, nnd are deservedly respected, alike
in commercial circles and in private life.

ILLUSTRATED

^Si/FFALOj!^^

.,, THE ClUEEN

^i CITY OF THE LAKES.

TrCKKR A BUTTS, riiotogrnphlc Supplii-s, Nos. 37 and 39
Court Stnwt.— All important t-stobllslimeiit foi-iiiiuR a feHturn
of the miiiinprciul activity niid eiitfipiiso of tills tlirivliiK
city, mill Olio whioli has lionie a pi-omiiu-iit part in udvaucliiK
xhe busint ss wi altli ami r> piitali n of liilTnlo as a sourc - of sipily
is that ol M< vstv I iKkti .It Kntts Nos r ami 'ii Couit btitfct Tina
js the oldest and lai)K> <<l liou^e 111 Its liiu iii tl is s ti n t

and its record covers a perioil ot forty yt-ars Tho business was
oriKiually founded in 1830 Ijy Mr. Philo Allen, and in I8i« Mr. David
Tucker succeeiled to the control, admitiing to partnership, two
years later, Mr. Stephen U. Butts, who had long been a clerk in the
establislinient. Both genilenien are natives of this state, Mr. Tucker
cominK from Erie t'onnly and Mr. Butts from Uulchess Couniy.
The former has resided in Buffalo since lfM5, the latter since IS-IO,
and they are most favorably as well as fainiiiarly known to the
commnnity. The premises occupied are of spacious dimensions,
handsomely app^iinted throughout, and contain a very large, syste-
matic illy arranged siock ot photographic supplies of every descrip-
tion, also a full lussoi-tment of picture frames and mouldings. None
but strictly reliable iiiereliandise is handled, and all orders are
promptly filled upon the most liberal terms. The trade supplied
extends throughout western New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio;
it is of the most influential and permanent cliaracter, and all rela-
tions opened with this responsible house are sure to result profitably
to all concerned.

MATT WAONER, Wholesale Dealer iu Imported Key West,
and Domestic Cigars. Tobacco, SnulT, Pipes, and Smokers'
Articles, Nos. 196 and 198 Pearl Street.— This hirge and rep-
resentative business was established in 1R7I at No. 3:3 Elk
Street by Mr. Matt Wagnir. and from the start has secured one of
the most extensive and influential patronages, enjoyed by any house
enga<rc<l in the same line of trade in western New York. In :8ST the
constantly increasing trade and the ever growing demands created
rendere<l it advisable lo move the headquarters of the establishment

to a more central location. The Elk Street store has therefore been
retained as a branch, the principal store being removed to the com-
hkkIious and elegant quarters it now occupies at Nos. 198 and 19H
Pearl Stn-et. The business is a wholesale one, and the vast stori*
rooms, SUxUO feet In dimensions, are replete with the finest Kelected
brands of imiKirU'd, Key West, and doniestic cigars, cut and pliii;
smoking and chewing tobaccos, snufis, pipes, and smokers' goods.
It has always been the aim of this house to maintain the quality of
its goods up to the highest standard of cxcelleuce, and the success
which has crowned its elTorts is evidenced by the flrui hold these
goods have obtained on the public ta.ste and the extensive demand
created for them wherever introduced. They are to be found in
every city, village, and hamlet of this part of New York, as well as
in the adjoining states, and four wagons, each accompanied by asales
man, are constantly on the road disposing of the famous brands of
the house. All orders are promptly filled and with the greatest care,
to the invariable satisfaction of jobbers ond their customers. Mwt
moderate i>rices are charged, and the Ann has acquired an enviable
name for the litierality of its dealings. In the retail department are
to be found full and complete lines of all that can satisfy the most
fastidious smoker, while an elTlcicint staff of comtcous and obUgiug
assistants are in attendance on the patrons. Mr. Wagner is a native
of Gi-nnany and has resided in tliis city since 18.5V. He was for-
merly connected with the grocer}' trade, from which he withdrew to
devote his whole time and attention to his present line of business.
He is prominently connected with the Catholic Mutual Benevolent
Association, and is deservedly popular in business and social circles.

VAL. HOFFJIAN, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Oysters and
Clams, Nos. -Mi and 201! East Genesee Street.— A business that
has assumed extensive proportions in this city during the past
dozen years or so is that of Mr Val Hoffman, wholesale and
retail dealer iu o^-sters and clams, at Nos. '.;W and 20ii East Genesee
Street, where at all times during the season can be found a most
complete stock of the choicest vorieties of sea foods. Both a whole-
sale and retail trade is supplied, the lowest market prices prevail,
and orders are delivered free of charge to ony part of the city. Mr.
Hoffman, who has been a resident of this city thu-ty-flve years, is a
native of Germany. He began business on his own account twenty-
five years ago by opening a saloon and restaurant, and his career in
business has been one ot continuous success, tlie result of his early
acquisition and retention of the confidence of the public by his hon-
orable basiness metho<ls and energy. The two buildings oceupic^d
by him now he put up himself. The two stores and ba^ement-s have
each an area ot MxM feet, and during the busy season in winter,
six experienced employees are kept constantly busy attending to tlie
wants of his numerous patrons. Mr. Hoffman, who is n gentleman
of middle age, is in every respect one of the city's representative mer-
chants and citizens. He stands high as a Mason and Odd Fellow,
and is an active member m several other beneficial organizations.
He ails the position ot secretary to the Buffalo Co-operative Brew-
ing Co. most acceptably, and is respected and highly esteemed in
both social and commerciol circles.

JACOB GRAHLING, Dealer in Groceries and Provisions, Choice
Teas, Coffees, Spices, Cigars. Etc., No. 118 Genesee Street.—
Probably few articles that enter into daUy consumption are
so hard to obtain ot purity and good quality as are groceries
and provisions. In all large cities there are estabUshments whose
reputation for selling only pure and superior goods is well known,
and at the same tune others equally notorious for opposite charoc-
teristics. Among the best known of the first class no concern in
Buffalo liears a better reputation than that ot Mr. Jacob Grahling,
No. 118 Genesee Street. This house was established m 18S8 by Mr.
Fred. Grahling, who in 1887 retired from the business in favor of
bis son, the present proprietor. He carries a large and valuable
stock ot staple and fancy groceries and provisions ot aH kinds. Sir.
GrahUng makes n specialty of choice teas, coffees, and spices, and
likewise deals in hermetically sealed goods In tin and glass, also con-
diments, foreign and dome,stlc delicacies, butter, cheese, ecgs. sugars,
and everything pertaiidng to this line ot trade. A special feature is
also made ot flour and feed, which are kept in ample quantities and
at lowe.st prices. Mr. Grahling is greatly respected in mercantile
cireles for his strict integrity, enjoys the confidence and esteem of
all with whom he has dealings, and is regarded as a most influential
citizen and merchant.

LLUSTRATED

143

^Sijffalojc

THE dV/EEN
CITY OF THE LAKES.

FRANK P. BOECHAT, Real Estate, Insurance and Loans Nego-
tiated, Room 13, No. 16 West Swan Street.— The enormous de-
velopment of the Buffalo real estate market is one of the
best indications of the solid prosperity of the city, desirable
property being more than ever before sought after as a remuner-
ative and absolutely safe investment and as a consequence business
is active and brisk. One of the most active among those promi-
nently identified in this activity is Mr. Frank P. Boeehat, a live, wide
awake, active young man, experienced and practical, well known in
this city, where he was born. Mr. Boeehat commenced his business
career as a real estate and insurance agent in 1686, and two years
ago secured, and has since occupied, the very desirable office. Room
13, in the building No. IBWest Swan Street. During his career he has
been conspicuous in many important transactions, and has won the
confidence and esteem of all having dealings with him. He makes a
special business of buying and sellmg, and exchanging houses,
lands, building sites, farm and city and suburban property gene-
rally, and has a number of very cintraUy located building lots
to sell on a method involving payments by monthly instalments,
which are well worthy the attention of investors. Mr. Boeehat also
places insurance in any of the time tried, strong, solid companies,
at the lowest rates of premium and fully guarantees the best satis-
faction to all having dealings with him. He sustains a high reputa-
tion in this community and among his patrons numbers many of
the leading capitalists, manufacturers, and property owners in this
city and county.

C STURM, Brass Founder and Finisher, No. 25 East Huron
Street.— A well known and prominent estabhshment in this
line of industry, is that conducted by Mr. Sturm, practical
' brass founder and finisher. Mr. Sturm, was born in Ger-
many and migrated to this country in 18.54, where he has long been
Identified with the brass trade, m which he is an acknowledged ex-
pert. He primarily engaged in business for himself in BufiEalo in
1878, and from the outset he has enjoyed a large and influential trade
connection. Until 1886, the enterprise was conducted at the Terrace,
whence it was tran.sferred to its present location, No. 25 East Huron
Street, between Washmgton and EUicott Streets. . The estabhsh-
ment here is thoroughly equipped with all the newest and most im-
proved machinery, which is operated by steam power, two melting
furnaces, etc.. while constant employment is afforded a force of six
skilled and efficient workmen. Mr. Sturm manufactures a large and
comprehensive line of brass work, and all kinds of composition,
brass, German sUver, and zinc castings; also attends to every de-
scription of brass and iron finishing, maidng a specialty of the
repairing of steam guages and soda fountains. He also manufac-
tures all kinds of brass and nickel plated rails for stairs and bar
rooms, etc. He is prepared to execute all kii.ds of work in these
lines with promptitude, and he justly prides himself upon the accu-
racy and superior excellence of all the work emanating from his es-
tablishment. Estimates are duly f'U-nished , and contracts entered
into and completed in the most satisfactory manner.

LEROY S. OATMAN & CO., Wholesale Produce and Commission
Merchants, No. 88 West Market Street.— This house was estab-
lished in 1880 by Mr. LeRoy S. Oatman, who, in 1887, took into
partnership Mr. Edgar F. Towns. The same premises, at No.
88 West Market Street, have been occupied from the first. These
premises compiise an entire three-story brick building, having a
frontage of 28 feet, and are supplied with all necessary facilities
for rapid handling of extensive orders and the prompt fulfil
ment of all demands. Cold storage for the preservation in the
freshest state of choice and perishable goods is amply provided, and
in their warehouse are ripening rooms where fruits are ripened that
it is found necessary to ship tn this market in a green state, in order
to better preserve their freshness and flavor in the long journey
from their sources of production. The firm are in daily receipt of
large consignments of all kinds from the producers of the surround-
ing districts, as well as from the far west, and from Tennessee,
Georgia, Mississipi. southern Illinois. Delaware, and no house in the
city covers a wider territory in its operations. Its trade reaches to
all parts of the Union and of Canada, while it is particularly large and
influential in the markets of this city. The splendid facilities and
abundant resources of the house make it a power in the markets of
the country. During the ten years it has been '

ceasing activity and wise management of its members have estab
lished for this firm innumerable and influential connections in all
parts of the country and abroad, enabling them to discharge their
obhgations with satisfaction to the buyer and profit to the shipper.
Their stores are constantly filled to overflowing with complete stock
in all lines, received direct from the best producing districts, com-
prising butter, cheese, eggs, poultry, game, potatoes, and all other
vegetables. Fruits, botli domestic and foreign, are a specialty, and
here are constantly to be found the choicest apples, peaches, pears,
berries, grapes, oranges, lemons, bananas, dates, figs, etc., in season.
The long experience of both members of the firm upon this market,
their large personal acquaintance with buyers who frequent it, and
the great facilities for proper disposal of goods are all a guarantee
that any consignment to Messrs. Oatman & Co. will be promptly ami
satisfactorily placed. Both partners are natives of this state, ;ind'
have been identified with the commercial and municipal intei-ests of
Buffalo for many years. They are members of the Buffalo Produce
Exchange and of the Merchants' Exchange, and occupy a proud
position in social and business circles, obtained by honor, integrity,
and ability. Mr. Oatman is probably the most widely known mam
in Buffalo and the adjoining counties, and for three years held the
honorable position of president of the Produce Exchange, which
office he filled with the greatest satisfaction to the members of that
flourishing association. He is a veteran of the late war, having
served in the 116th Regiment from 1862 until his honorable discharge-
at its close. Both Mr. Oatman and Mr. Towns are extremely popular
with all classe.s;of the community.

FC LOH, Dealer in Fresh and Salt Meats, Nos 23 and 25 Elkr
Street Market.— Few, if indeed any, among the butchers^
^ doing business in Elk Street Market, are better known or
enjoy a larger patronage than F. C. Loh. located at Stalls
Nos. 23 and 25. He has been established since 1870, and during the
twenty years interim, has been steadily increasmg his hold on popu-
lar favor, building up a very prosperous trade. Handling nothing
but reliable, Brst class meats, courteous and attentive to purchasers,,
and withal extremely moderate in his prices, it is only in the nature-
of things that Mr. Loh should have attained the success that has at-
tended his well directed efforts. The quarters occupied in the mar-
ket are compact, ample, and neatly kept, the proprietor himself
being in attendance daily, while several polite assistants are em-
ployed. A large and choice stock is always carried on hand and in-
cludes prime city dressed beef, veal, mutton, lamb, and pork; fine
corned and dried beef, select hams, bacon, sausages, lard, etc.
Weight and quality are guaranteed in every instance, and goods at.*
delivered free of charge to any part of the city, two wagons serv-
ing customers, while all orders receive prompt attention. Mr Loh.
who is of German birth, but a resident of Buffalo since boyhood, is a
gentleman of pleasing manners and strict integrity in his dealings,
as well as a man of energy and thorough business experience, and i»
an active member of the Empire Order, Butchers' Association, and
German Young Men's Association.

QUEEN CITY CLEANING AND DYEING ESTABLISHMENT.
E. Wesselmann, Proprietor, No. 6 E. Huron Street.— Mr. E.
Wesselmann, the proprietor of the Queen City Cleaning and
Dyeing Establishment, is a gentleman of unusually fini-
talents, excellent judgment, correct taste, and superior executive
abilities, arrd commenced business at abr->ve location in June
last. His dyeing establishment is situated on Clinton Street,
and convenient to all the main arteries of travel. Steam cleaning,
dyeing, and in fact all branches of the business, are carried on in hr^
establishment in the veiy best style of the trade. Every description
of dry goods and wearing apparel is cleaned to look equal to new.
dyed and reflnished by the wet or dry process. Curtains and fine
laces are a specialty, and the concern is patronized by the best
people of the city. Carpets are cleaned skilftrlly and promptly, and
a large business is done in this br*anch of the business. Mr. Wessel-
mann is a native of Germany, and has resided in this city for the
past four years. He is a practical dyer of many years' experience,
and his establishment is equipped with every convenience aird
appliance for the prosecution of the business, while his charges ar-e
very moderate. Mr-. Wesselmann is highly r-espected and esteemed
for his many excellent qualities, and personally he has made hosts
of friends in consequence of his kind and corji-teous manner-s andJ
strict proliiry.

ILLUSTRATED

143

THE BUFFAUT GRAKOLITHIC PAVING COMPANY, Geo. M.
Stowv, General Manager, No. IS Ilululiinsou BuildiO);.—
Ainoni; the uuuiy llelds in which iuveiilive Kuiiius has souRhl
to aoliieve improvement ami perfection is that devoted to the
production of a paving that shall prove satisfactory in every respect,
and meet all the exactions levied upon it, especially in large cities,
where traffic is heavy and constant. The desired end has been fully
met In " Granolithic," which may bo procured in western New York
from the Buffalo Granolitliic Paving Company, whose office is in
Room IS Hutchinson Building, Nus. Tl and 73 West Kagle Street, tliis
city. "Granoliihic" is an English invention, and the headquarters
in the United States for the sale of the same is at No. 15 State Street,
New York City. The branch In this city was oiJened four years ago,
and has from the outset been conducted uniler the able management
of Mr. George M. Stowe. A large, steadily growing business ha.s
been developed. Granolithic can be used for sidewalks, driveways,
basement^ roofs, and stairs; stable, hennery, and malt house floors,
and is neat, durable, economical, and the best article for the pur-
pose in the market. Granolithic is an artificial stone composed of
crushed granite and Portland cement. The granite is reduced by
rolls or crushers to irregular cubes which will pa.ss through a half-
inch mesh, and is entirely freed from dust or tloui*, fatal to cement-,
by an air-blast from a blower. The gradation of particles from the
size of a large pea down to the smallest sharp granite sand, with
irregular faces and a small proportion of voids and interstices, fur-
nishes a compact, interlaced mass which offers the most favorable
conditions for the cement doing its whole duty. The right to manu-
facture this article is sold in each state, and an excellent oppor-
tunity is thus offered for the protiiable investment of capital. Mr.
Stowe, who is a native of Brooklyn, N. Y., has resided in Buffalo the
past twelve years, is a business man of sound ability and ample ex-
perience, and he will be found a most satisfactory gentleman with
whom to have dealings.

CHAS P. BRANDEL, Real Estate, Loans Negotiated, Tax and
Title Searches Furnished, No. 30 Niagara Street.— Few lines
of business in the city of Buffalo are better represented than
that which deals in real estate, and among the most enter-
prising houses engaged in that business is that managed and con-
trolled by Mr. Charles P. Brandel. This house was established by
him in 1888, and the development its business has acquired in the
short space of time it has been prominently in the front of the mar-
ket in realty is conclusive of the great practical knowledge Mr.
Hrandel possesses of the values and fluctuations of real property.
This gentleman's connection with this line of business dates back to
1SC8. and for seven years he was prominently before the public as con-
fldentiul clerk in the employment of the well known real estate firm
.)t Mr. John Otto, and fur one year with the late firm of Lyon, Bork
& Co. The experience thus gained by him has been of inestimable
value to hLs patrons, and few real estate brokers have had more
imiKinant trusts committed to their care. He carries on a general
line of operations as a loan and real estate agent, furnishing tax and
title searches. Special attention is given to the sale, letting, and ex-
change of realty, of which a long and important list, both city and
suburban, is always to be foimd on his books. Estates of absentees
are also can-fully lixiked after, rents collected, taxes paid, etc., and
the utmost care given to their management, the whole at very mod-
erate rates. He is also a commissioner of deeils for Buffalo, and the
most important transaction can be carried through his office from
inception to llnish. The premises occupied by him as offices are
centrally and conveniently located, handsomely fitted up, and pro-
vided with all the necessary data and material to enable investors to
arrive at a speedy and perfect comprehension of the situation of
real estate in Buffalo and its vicinity. ][r. Brandel was born in this
city, and commands the confiilence and esteem of all classes of the
community.

SL. CHUBBUCK, Agent for the White Sewing Machines, No.
103 Main Street.— The White s«;wing machine is pronounced
J liy exiMTts of Europe and America a.s the best in the world,
and In 1888 was awarded the silver medal at the Centennial
F-xposition, Cincinnati, over all competitors, and again it was tri-
umphant with the highest honors at the Exposiiion Universelle,
Paris. |KS». obtaining the gold medal for the best family sewing ma-
chines. The officers of the company and many talented experts

claim that the " White is King," and the great popularity of tbeso
splendid machines justifies them In adopting this motto, which sig-
nifies that it leads the trude in lu line. These machines are offered
to the public either for cash or on the instalment plan at extremi'ly
low prices. Mr. Chubbuck also keeps in stock a full line of repairs
and Butterick's patterns. The premises occupied in Buffalo com-
prise a spacious store and basement, each being VIOxISD feet in area,
where a full stock of all kinds of White sewing machines is constantly
on hand. Mr. Chubbuck employs in Buffalo twenty-flve persons.
He was formerly with the DomeHiic Sewing Machine Company, and
is highly regarded by the community for his promptness and sterhng
integrity. The White sewing machine is now sold all over the
United Slates and Canada, and a large export trade is also being
carried on with Europe, the West Indies. Central and South Ameri-
ca, Mexico, India, Australia, and New Zealaud.

HARVEY D. BLAKESLEE, Wholesale Dealer in Horse Clothing
and Saddlery Hardware, No. 387 Washington Street.— This
gentleman is a native of Steuben County, N. Y., and early in
life became connected with this branch of trade. He is a
recognize<l authority therein, ond was with the house of Pratt .*
Letchworth for a period of thirteen and a half years. In November,
1879, he established in business upon his own account, and first
located at No. 293 Washington Street, subsequently removing to his
present stand, where on Decemb.r 21, 1882, he was burned out.
With characteristic energy, he at once opened out afresh at No. i:«
JIain Street, and in 1885, remove<l to the present fine building. No.
337 Washington Street, four stories and basement in height, mil
80x125 feet in dimensions. It is handsomely and completely equipped
with elevator, etc., and where is carried by far the largest, most de-
sirable and comprehensive stock of the kind in town. Mr. Blakeslee
handles only the best grades and makes, and has imported saddlery
hardware adapted to the lead ing harness making trade. He devotes
special attention to the introduction of patented specialties, and on.-
of a number is his patent double grip trace buckle, the most easily
attached of any, most simple in construction, and most practical aiul
economical in use. The demand for this and other of his specialties
is very great, and rapidly growing, and the trade he has developed
is of great importance to Buffalo. He has several commercial men
on the road, and sells throughout this state, Pennsylvania, Ohio,
Michigan, and west and south. Mr. Blakeslee is a respected citizen,
one who has ever retained the confidence of leading commercial
circles and is well worthy of the great success achieved.

TJ. MAHONEY, Real Estate and Insurance Agent, No. ft
Niagara Street.— This business was established m 1884 by
, Mr. Mahoney, who brings to bear great practical experi-
ence, coupled with an intimate knowledge of the advan-
tages and values of the residential and business section of Buffalo
and its suburbs. Mr. Mahoney transacts a general realty business,
buying and selling houses, stores, lots, and land in the city and its
vicinity; placing loans, negotiating mortgages, arranging transfers,
collecting rents, while a specialty is made of the management ot
estates. His keen appreciation of values present and prospective,
together with a large acquaintance with business men, render his
services particularly valuable to parties dealing in realties. Jlr
Mahoney also represents the following first class flre insurance
companies viz.: Royal, of Liverpool; Phenix. of Brooklyn; Commer-
cial Union, of London; Western, of Toronto; Orient, of Hartford:
Reliance, of Philadelphia; Security, of New Haven, Conn.; Ameri-
can, of Boston: Exchange Fire, of New York; People's of Man
Chester, N. H.; King's County, of Brooklyn. .\s a practical under-
writer he offers substantial inducements and advantages to the pub-
lic, including low rates and liberally drawn policies, while all loesos
sustained are equitably adjusted, and promptly paid through this
agency. Sir Mahoney is a native of Buffido. and is one ot the public
spirited, energetic and honorable citizens. In 1872 he was captain
of police and cashier of the treasurer's office, and in 187T was chosen
city assessor. Eventually in 1880 he was appointed city auditor,
and 1882 comptroller. Mr. Mahonev is a director ond treasurer of
the Lake View Brewing Company; treasurer of the Real Estate and
Brokers' BoanI, Chairman of the Real Estate Committee of the Mer-
chants' Exchange, and is also connected with several benevolent
institutions in the city.

144

ILLUSTRATED

THE aUEEN
CITY OF THE LAKES,

THOS. & GEO. SPAVEN, Grain Commission Merchants, No.
46 Board of Trade— Coiisid.-red as a factor in commerce, the
importance of the grain traffic here in Buffalo can hardly be
overestimated. The amount of barley alone handled in ai.d
shipped from this city annually is something enormous, while the
trade grows apace with years. Among the firms of note contribut-
ing to the sura of activity in the hne iudicated, few are more widely
or more favorably known than that of Thos. & Geo. Spaven, whose
office is located at Room No. 46 Board of Trade Building. They are
general grain commission merchants, making a leading specialty of
barley, and have an extensive and very substantial business connec-
tion. Censignmenls are received from various points in Canada
and the northwestern states, and shipments are made to all the
eastern cities, the firm selling, on order to dealers, maltsters, and
brewers. This soUd and responsible house was established some
tour years ago by Spaven & Benzing, who conducted it up to 1889,
when the firm name changed to Thos. & Geo. Spaven, the latter
who is now in Europe, forming business connections with maltsters,
brewers, and grain houses, and as such the business has since been
carried on with increased success. The Messrs. Spaven, who are
brothers, are gentlemen in the prime of life, and Canadians by birth,
where they conducted a grain trade successfully for fifteen years.
They are men of energy and enterprise, thorouL-hly conversant with
the trade, as well of entire reUability in their dealings, and are
active members of the Merchants' E.vchange. Their hnuse is con-
-dueted on sound and conservative principles, and its management
characterized by sagacity and equitable methods, while all orders
placed here are certain to be executed in the most expeditious and
trustworthy manner; and relations once entered into with these gen-
tlemen invariably lead to an enduring business connection.

MOORE & HUBBARD DRUG COMPANY, Nos. 263 and 265
Washington Street.— This business was established in laSOby
Harris & Bull, who conducted it till ISsS, when it was duly
incorporated under the laws of New York with a paid up
capital of J.'iCOOO, and its trade now extends throughout all sections
of New York and Pennsylvania. The following gentlemen, who
are widely known and highly esteemed in Buffalo's business circles
for their integrity, skill, and enterprise, are the officers, namely:
Charles Hubbard, president; J. B. Moore, vice president; F. S. Hub-
bard, secretary and treastu-er. The premises occupied comprise a
spacious four-story building 40x190 feet in area, fully equipped with
every convenience and facUity for the systematic and successful con-
duct of the business. Here thirty persons are employed, and the
company manufactures largely fluid extracts, elixirs, chemicals of
all kinds, and a general line of pharmaceutical preparations. Any
specialty bearing this company's name and stamp is invariably ac-
cepted by the profession as a genuine article, possessing all the quali-
ties claimed for it by the manufacturers The company's goods are
unrivalled for quality, purity, and uniform excellence, and have no
superiors in this country, while the prices quoted in all cases are
extremely moderate. Messrs. Moore and Hubbard bavs also an
extensive wholesale drug establishment at No. 327 South Salina
Street, Syracuse, N. Y., where they employ fifty persons. Mr. Chas.
Hubbard and Mr. J. B Moore are residents of Syracuse, and the
business in Buffalo is controlled by Mr. F. S. Hubbard. Mr. Chas.
H. Hubbard is a member of the Syracuse Water Board, a director
of the Salt Springs National Bank president of the Round Soland
Park Association, and president of the Syracuse Business Men's Asso-
ciation and Exchange. Mr. F. S. Hubbard is a son of Mr. Chas. H.
Hubbard, and is a popular member of the National Wholesale Drug-
gists' Association.

FP. VANDF.RBERGH, Chemist, Lewis Block —What with dis-
covery, invention, and improved methods, the advance made
, in the direction above mdicated is one of the notable features
that mark this progressive age in which we Uve. And in
connection with the subject under review, it may be here remarked
that Buffalo boasts some emment chemists, orominent among the
others being Dr. F. P. Vanderbergh, whose office and well equipped
laboratory are located in Lewis Block. This gentleman is an analy-
tical and consulting chemist of exceptional skill and ability, with a
wide and well deserved reputation as an expert, and has long stood
at the head of his profession. Dr. Vanderbergh, who is official

chemist to the city of Buffalo, is a pleasant mannered gentleman in
the prime of hfe. He is a thoroughly practical and expert all-round
chemist of ample experience, and has been highly successful, having
an extensive and flattering business connection throughout western
New York and the entire state. Dr. Vanderbergh, who is professor
of chemistry in the University of Buffalo, occupies commodious and
completely appointed quarters in the Lewis Block, having at liand
all the latest improved apparatus, apphances, and general appur-
tenances, as well as an extensive hbrary of standard works on mat-
ters pertaining to the realm of chemistry, and has three competent
assistants. He is prepared to make assays of minerals and mineral
products; to make analysis of food products, drugs, chemicals, and
kindred articles, and, in a word, gives personal attention to every-
thing pertaining to applied chemistry.

EDWARD R. BICE, Jobber of Rubber Boots and Shoes Exclu-
sively, Nos. 100 and 102 Pearl Street.— Edward R. Rice, one of
our progressive young business men, came to Buffalo in the
spring of 18S7, and estabUsbed the present business, being,
with one exception, the only house between New York and Chicago
devoted exclusively to the sale of rubber boots and shoes. The
business has been a successful one, starting m a small way and
gradually growing to its present proportions, occupying to-day the
large warehouse Nos. 100 and 102 Pearl Street, and requiring some ten
travelling men during the busy season. While Mr. Rice has had a
thorough business experience, having been in every department of
the boot and shoe business, yet be says that no small part of his
success is due to the fact that he selected the goods of the Woon-
socket Rubber Company to handle in this market. The Woonsocket
Rubber Company is one of the largest and most ably conducted
corporations in the United States devoted to the manufacture of
rubber boots and shoes. This company imtil recently have had two
large factories, one at Woonsocket, R. I., and the other at Millville,
Mass., the one at Millville being the largest mill in the world devote.!
exclusively to the manufactm-e of rubber boots, yet so great has be-
come the demand for Woonsocket goods that the Woonsocket Rub-
ber Company have just completed the new " AUce " mill at Woon-
socket, R. I., havmg a capacity of 30,000 pairs a day. The product
is made from the choicest Para rubber, and the most approved
scientiflc and mechanical processes are followed. Mr. Rice carries a
complete line of the Woonsocket boots and shoes, and says that for
style, fit. and durability they are eqiml to any goods on the market.
Being an exclusive dealer, Mr. Rice says it enables him to give his
' styles, fresh goods, and prompt shipments.

STARK & NOLEN, Tents, Awnings, Etc., No. 205 Main Street.—
Messrs. Stark & Nolen have been established since January
of the present year, and the unequivocal success that has at-
tended their efforts from the start amply attests the wisdom
that inspired the venture, to say nothmg of the excellence of their
productions. The work turned out here is of a very superior char-
ac*er, manufacturing everything that can be made from canvas,
bunting, etc. ; and the trade of the firm, which is both wholesale and
retail, affords evidence of constant increase. They occupy commo-
dious quarters, employing some half a dozen expert hands, and
keep in stock always a large and fine assortment, which includes,
besides tents, awnings, flags, banners, etc.. in quite a variety, also
water-proof horse and wagon covers, hammocks, stock covers,
canopies, bunting, manila rope, twines, cots, camp chairs, feed bags,
duck and awning stripes of all sizes and widths. Store and window
awnings, flags, banners, and canvas goods generally are made to
order in the most expeditious manner, at very moderate prices;
steam pipes and boilers are covered; awnings are taken down,
cleaned, repaired, and stored at short notice, all work done being
warranted first-class; while chairs, floor crash, and canopies are fur-
nished for weddings, balls, and parties at reasonable rates, and satis-
faction is guaranteed in every instance, all orders by mail or other-
wise receiving prompt attention Messrs. W. A Stark and Geo A.
Nolan, the proprietors, are gentlemen in the prime of life, and na-
tives respectively of Buffalo and Rochester. They are both men of
practical skill and ample experience in their art, as well as of push
and enterprise, thoroughly conversant with every detail of the busi-
ness, and, unless all signs fail, their popularity and prosperity are
bound to endiu-e.

ILLUSTRATED

<^'I THE dUEEN
^^ CITY OF THE LAKES.

BU FFALO AND MEDINA CUT STONE COMPANY, Corner EokIk
mid I'earl Streets.— The nuiniTOiis larRe buililinKS erected In
HutTiilo and its vicinity durinR the last few yenrs has Kfcatly
develope<l t]io stono cutting? trade. In thiB connixtiun,
r-|K'cial reference Is mode in this cuniniercial review to the proci-es-
sive and reliable Buffalo and Medina Cm Stone Company, contract-
..ra and dealers in all kinds of cut stone, whose olTlce is located lu
KreniUn Hall, corner EoKle and Pearl Streets. The company's yard,
which is fully equipped with every facility and convenience, is
situated at the foot of Maryland Street, on the Erie Canal. Here
lioais can unload into the yard. Thisconipany was incorporated in
1888, under the laws of New York, with a paid up capital of $aO,000,
and Us trade now extends throuRhout all sections of western New
York and northwestern Pennsylvania. Forty men are employed in
the yard cultlnR stone, and fifteen outside. The Buffalo and Medina
CutStoneCompany supplied the stone for the ft.llowin;; fi ret class
buildlDRS, viz.; Jewish Temple, St. Patrick's Church ond Monastery,
Bapst Building, Main Street; Georger Building, Main Street; and
numbersof others in all sections of Buffah> and the adjacent cities.
Their cut stone is highly endorsed by architects and contractors,
and has no superior in this country, while tlie piices quoted for all
work are extremely reasonable. The following gentlemen, who are
widely known in business circles for their integrity and energj-, are
the executive officers, viz.: Clias. E. Williams, president; C. A. Gor-
man, vice president: Frank L. Bapst, secretary: P. B. McNaughton,
treasurer; Henry H. Na.sh, general manager. The company prompt-
ly fills orders, and guorantees conipleto .satisfaction to patrons.

FW. DOMEDION, Real Estate and Insurance, No. 16 Broad-
way.— This gentleman lias been engaged in the spheie of
activity indicated for the past six yeors, moving his place
of business from 4*1 Main Street to the present l.ication in
November last, and from the first he lias been steadily winning his
way to favor and recognition, numbering in his clientele some of the
stanchest citizens in the community. Mr. Domedion conducts a
general real estate and insurance agency, buying and selling, on
commission, every description of city and suburban property ; also
leasing and exchanging, and gives personal attention also to the col-
lection of rents anil the management of estates. IMoney is loaned on
realty, and mortgages negotiated likewise, while investments are
desirably placed, and conveyancing carefully atteniled. tax and title
searches being furnished at short notice. Risks are effected in first
class flre companies in like manner, at lowest rates, Mr. Domedion,
who represents the Milwaukee Mechanics" Ins. Co., the Transatlan-
tic, of Hamburg, the Queen, of England, and other equally respoii-
sibie associations, enjoying exceptional faciliiies for placing largo
lines; and all business entrusted to him is certain to be capably and
judiciously hand'ed. Mr. Domedion is a gentleman in the piinie of
life and a native of this city. He is a man of the highest personal
integrity, as well as energy and thorough business experience, and
is secretarj- of the United German and French R. C. Cemetery Asso-

BUFKAI-O CAST IKON PIPE CO., No. 3T0 Exchange btiwt.-
This enterprise was originally established by Messrs. Dui-1-
laiil and Hayes in 1867, and so contiimed for the succeeding
seventeen years, when. In 188.1, the concern became an incor
porated company, the executive ofllccrH being Mr. George W. Miller,
president, and George D. . Hoyes, secretary. The subsequent pros
perky of the company is well deserved, and these officers are to bi*
congratulated upon the successful outcome of their enterprise under
corporate rules. The foundry is conceded to be one of the best of
the kind in the state, thoroughly overhauled and equipped wlili liie
latest improved niachinery and appliances. The works have n
capacity of 2.500 tons of pipe pel' month, of all standard sizes, from
two inches to thirty-six inches in diameier. There are two cupolas,
melting 3000 tons of iron per month, and some two hundred skille<l
hands are given constant employment. All pipes are cast vertically
in dry sand, and are carefully tested to 800 lbs. hydraulic pressure
Sizes from a to 12 inches are always kept in stock, » bile main pipe
tip to 86 inches Is contracted for to stand any pressure up to 800
pounds. The company also manufacture special castings for all
water and gas supply purposes, also the best quality of flange pipe.
Both Messrs. Miller and Hayes are natives of Buffalo, and recognize<l
expert authorities in the iron traile. The characteristics which
regulate their business policy are such as entitle them to general
respect and consideration, while the great extent of ihe opeiationii
of the company renders it a leading representative in the line.

WW. ROSE, Merchandise Broker, No. 257 Wa.shington
Street.— Among that active class of business men in
, this city, the merchandise brokers, there are probably
none so well or popularly known as Mr. W. W Rose,
whose office is at No, 257 Washington Street, Room No. 57 in the
Coal and Iron Exchange. He has had a long, valuable experience
in the business, buying and selling merchandise, and commands a
large, influential inide in this city and stii rounding sections. While
he handles merchandise of all kinds, lie makes a specialty of all that
class of goods coming under the generic head of groceries, and
represents many of the leading importers in Ihe seaboard cities and
manufacturers throughout the country. Mr. Rose is a thorough, re-
liable, upright business man, and fills orders promptly and cor-
rectly on short notice, ond can always siii'i'ly the very choicest and
best teas and coffees, canned goods, fruits of both foreign and home
productions, and flour, etc.— in fact, everything in the way of gro-
ceries. In his office a fhie display Ls made of samples of syrups,
sugars, molasses, teas, coffees, and grucers' supplies, and as he can
quote the very lowest prices, business is always active and brisk.
Mr. Rose, who was born in Pennsylvania, has been in Buffalo for
some years. He is favorably known in commercial and financial
circles, and sustains a higli reput^ition in this community. Mr. Rose
fills orders ilirect from the importers and manufacturers, and fully
guarantees all goods sold by him to be strictly as represented.

WILHELM & BONNER, Patent Solicitors,No. 284 Main Street.
— Manufacturing interests rely largely for protection
against ruinous competition upon patents, and many mil-
lions of dollars are every year invested in enterprises
which would not be imdertaken without patent protection. The
value of patents depends largely upon the skill with which tneir
specifications and claims are drawn, and a thorough knowledge of
mechanics and the industrial arts Is as indispensable in the treat-
ment of patent matters as a knowledge of patent law. Messrs. Wil-
helm and Bonner, the lending patent solicitors, have established an
enviable reputation by a long and sui-ccssful practice, Ix'ing the pro-
prietors of a business which was established nearly forty years ago,
and with which the present members of the firm have been con-
nected over twenty years. Their clientage extends throughout a
large part of the United States, and they also represent many Euro-
pean patent interests. Mr. Wiiheira is a patent expert who is f re
quently called upon to testify m the courts in patent couses, and Mr.
Bonner is a lawyer and patent solicitor who gives his personal atten-
tion to the business of soliciting patents at theh- Buffalo office, which
is located in the Weed Block, at No. 2S1 Main Street. For the conven-
ience of their clients in the central and eastern parts of the stati*.
Bonner have a branch offici' at Syrncnse. X Y.

COMET CYCLE COMPANY, Manufacturers of the "Comet" Cy-
cles. Fittings, and Sundries of Every Description, H. C. Pease,
Manager; No. .135 Wa-sbington Street— The leading depot for
high grade cycles and accessories in Buffalo is by general
assent the cstablisht:ieut of the '• Comet " Cycle Company, who are
n;anuracturers of the justly famed "Comet,' tlie " Comet" trafcty
fitthigs. ond kindred articles, and their productions ore in wide and
growing demand throughout the country, owmg to the uniformly
high standard at which the same are maintained, being unsur-
pa.=.sed by anythmg of the kind yet introduced to notice From the
inception of the enterprise, the venture has been a signal success,
the business gi-owing apace ui.til it has assumed substantial propor-
tions. The quarters occupied at No. 515 Woshmgton Street ar« com-
modious and ample, with complete facilities, the works, in which a
number of expert mechanics are employed, bemg located at Tor-
onto, but are to be moved to Buffalo in September next Every
article sold in this estnhlishnient is fully warnmteil, and all work
done is guaranteed to render satisfaction, jobbing iK'ing a spo iaity ;
and the prices prevailing are always of the most reasonable charac-
ter, workmanship and material considered. Mr Pca.se, the eflicicnt
manager here, Ls a gentleman in the prime of life and a man of prac-
tical skill and experience, thoroughly conversant with the businww.

146

ILLUSTRATED

J*^ CITY OF THE LAKES.

THE BRAINAKL HOUSE, Directly Opposite the Stock Yards,
W. C. Brainaid & Son, Pioprietois.— Perhaps no feature of
progress in this country furnishes a better criterion of the
general business activity prevailing in any community than
the hotel accommodations there existing. In this respect, Buffalo
keeps pace with progress, as becomes a great transportation and
industrial centre, the character of her leading hotels bearing favor-
;ible comparison with those of any city in the Union. Among the
i«!St known and most popular hostelries in East Buffalo ranks un-
luestionably the Brainard House, located directly opposite the Stock
Yards, and of which Messrs. W. C. Brainard & Son are the genial
and enterprising proprietors. In everything that goes to constitute
;i first-class hotel, the "Brainard" stands par excellence in this
neighborhood. The cuisine is everything that could be desired, the
attendance is excellent, and the general accommodations, manage-
Mient, etc., Al, as the large and discriminating patronage this de-
-ervedly prosperous house amply attests. The building is of a high-
I-, substantial character, three stories in height, 7.5x100 feet in di-
[uensions, and fitted and furnished throughout with a view to com-
bining tiie comforts of the liome with the varied luxury of the hotel,
while rates are exceptionally reasonable,— charges per diem ranging
I rum S1.50 upwards. An immense stable is likewise run in connec-
ii.)n with the hotel, stall accommodation being provided for no less
ihan460 horses, Mr. Brainard having recently erected a barn at a
. ost of $15,000. The proximity of the house to the stock yards has
made it a favorite rendezvous for the leading cattle dealers of the
rountry, and many of the largest transactions in stock have been
.liscnssed and brought lo a mutually satisfactory issue at this popu-
l.ir caravansary. Mr. Brainard is a native of Buffalo, and one of her
best known hotel-men. For the past few years he has been ably
aided in the task of successfully catering to the vrants of his numer-
<ius patrons by his son. To the transient stranger or the permanent
resident, this house commends itself as one that in all matters per-
laiidng to creatures comforts, or the satisfaction of the "inner
m,)n," will never be found wanting.

THOS. TINDLE & CO., Dealers in Slack Cooperage Stock; Office
and Warehouse, Nos. 1.318tol328 Niagara Street.— Theaetivity
which characterizes the Buffalo commission trade is largely
due to the energy and enterprise of the leading representative
merchants in each Une, prominent among the number being Messrs.
'I'hos. Tindle & Co., dealers in slack cooper-age stock, whose office and
war-ehouse are located at Nos. 1318 to 1338 Niagara Street. This house
has been insuccessful operation fora period of twelve years, and has
always commanded a liberal and influential patronage. The firm
does a business which already amounts to a half million dollars an-
luially and is steadily increasing under enterprising and reliable
management. Messrs. Tmdle & Co. own the buildings and grounds
occupied for the business, which cover an area of 200xl.'50 feet, and
are largely interested in mills in Michigan. They command all the
advantages naturally accumulated by long yeai-s of identification
with a special line of trade, and are in a position to render the most
valuable service to such as commit their interests to the care of this
house. With a wide acquaintance among buyers, and a thorough
knowledge of all the wants and requirements of the commission
interest, the partners are recognized as among the most efficient
trade representatives in Buffalo. This firm handles sugar and flour
barrel staves, hoops, and headmg; cement, salt, and apple barrel
stock, hoop nails, and staples. Liberal advances are made on con-
signments when desii-ed, and quick sales and prompt returns are in-
variably assured. The house is responsible in every way, and none
in this line is so well prepared for taking proper care of its e.xtensive
and still growing interests. Orders by telephone No. 929 A, by tele-
graph, or mail, receive immediate and careful attention, and the in-
terests of patrons are carefully watched and intelligently promoted
in all cases. The members of this responsible firm are Messrs. Thos.
Tindle and W. K. Jackson. Mr. Tindle is a native of England, while
Mr. Jackson was born in this city, and both are useful, public-spirited
citizens, and sohd, substantial, and successful business men.

HOOD BROS., Manufacturing Confectioners, No. 896 Connecti-
cut Street. — Among the prosperous and thriving houses at
the west end is that of Messrs. Hood Bios., manufactur-
ing confectioners. No. 296 Connecticut Street. It was estab-
lished five years ago by Messrs. G. G. and R. A. Hood, the present
)nrtnei-s, and in the premises still occupied by them. These latter

comprise a commodious store, 100x35 feet in area, together with
basement. The store is Ught and cheerful, handsomely furnished
and fitted up, and well adapted to the proper preservation in all
their fi-eshness of the fine goods it contains, as well as for their ele-
gant display. The basement is devoted to the manufacturing pur-
poses of the firm, and are thoroughly equipped with the most per-
fected and latest improved utensils and machinery known to the
trade. A large modern oven, constructed according to the best
principles and the most scientific rules, is here constructed. The
goods manufactured consist of fine confectionery of all kinds, a
specialty being made of penny goods, in which a lar-ge trade is done.
Home made bread, pastry, cakes, etc., are baked on the premises,
in all of these confections only the purest and best materials being
employed. Eight skilled assistants are employed as bakers, clerks,
etc. A general wholesale and retail trade, which covers the entire
city, has been built up, and few houses in this line enjoy a better or
more influential patronage. All orders receive pi'ompt execution,
and goods are delivered to any part of the city free of charge. Ice
cream parlors are al«o a feature of this establishment, where patrons
can have their wants satisfied at all hours of the day. Both partners
are iratives of Canada, and have resided in Buffalo some ten years.
They are active and enterpr-ising, and by their pleasant and obliging
ways have become very popular with all with whom they hav»
dealings.

R FORSYTH & SON, Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Boots,
Shoes, and Rubbers, No. 57 Seneca Street.— Among the
, popular wholesale and retail boot and shoe houses in this
city, that of Me.ssi*s. R. Forsyth & Son stands unquestion-
ably in the front in its extent and character. It was originated by
Mr. Robert Forsyth in 1853, who built up a flourishing trade, and
sometime ago he took his son, Mr. Wm. J. Forsyth, in partnership.
The business has always been carried on in tlie immediate vicinity
where it is now located, and since 1S85 the premises No. 67 Seneca
Street, comprising two floor's and basement of a building 25x100 feet
m dimensions, have been occupied. The establishment throughout
is practically arranged, and in the salesroom a fine display is made
of everything in the line of footwear for men, women, boys, misses,
and children. The goods are in all the new, popular, fashionable
styles, and include boots, shoes, gaiters, slippers, rubbers, tennis and
baseball shoes, children's school and fancy shoes of every descrip-
tion. The firm has every facility for obtaining direct from the
leading manufacturers the best goods and the newest styles, and can
name the lowest prices. The business policy of this house is such
as to entitle it to universal esteem and consideration, and the splen-
did substantial patronage it enjoys is an evidence of this fact. Mr.
Robert Forsyth is from Scotland. He has been in Buffalo many
yeai-s, arrd is very popular in business circles. His son and copai-t-
ner was born in this city. He is practical in the trade, and popular
with all havin? dealings with the house. The firm is always m ad-
vance of others in bringing out the new styles, arrd about the estab
lishment there is always a scene of busy activity.

LOUIS GARONO, Jlanufactur-er of and Dealer in Hardware,
Stoves, Ranges, and House Furnishing Goods, No. 137 Broad-
way.— Mr. Louis Gar-ono is one of the most popular business
men in Buffalo. He founded his hardware business some
twenty .year's ago. and in 1885 removed to his present very eligible
premises No. 127 Broadway. Hei'e he occupies a superior three-
stoi'y and basement brick building, the store being handsomely
fitted up and 30x100 feet in dimerrsions. He carries the finest anil
most complete assortment of hardware and house-furnishing goods
to be found in the city; also stoves, furnaces, ranges, etc., his stock
being valued at upwards of several thousand dollars. He keeps
everything in the line of builder's hardware, tools, machine and car-
■ riage bolts, log-screws, hand-screws, cutlery, also a large assortment
of locks, and in fact everything comprised in the departments of
his business. The specialty of the house is repairing, roofing,
spouting, etc. All work is guaranteed, and is unsurpassed for dura-
bility, finish, and excellence, while the charges are very moderate.
Mr. Garono is a native of this city, and gives constant employment
to several competent and thorough mechanics. Personally, he is
one of Buffalo's most popular and enterprising business men of the
highest commercial standing, and all of his dealings are ever based
upon the strictest principles of mercantile honor.

ILLUSTRATED

ERNEST BESSEK A BRO . i;...>l;s ir.nl Siulionrry, No. Ml Main
Sireet.— Au fxleiisive unil iiiliiiirnbly si'livted stock Is always
10 bt»fouml ht'i-o, and iiichitles ovcrythinp in tlu' lines obove
iudiculeil, uud patrons aro assured of courteous alteution and
iionorable dealing in every inslauce. ExcceilinRly low prices pre-
vail likewise, rockbotioiu (iRures being quoted to school trustees,
librarians, and country dealers; and all orders by mail or otherwise
are flUed in tlio most expeditious and trustworthy manner. The
store, which is 30x75 feet, k very neatly (ittcd up and tastefully ar-
ranged, and several polite assistants are in attendance, while the
proprietors themselves exercise immediato supervision over every
department. The assortment, which is of a verj- superior character,
comprises school supplies, text-books, maps, globes, etc., historical,
biographical, geographical, mathematical, and scientific works; art
publications, all the standard novels, poetry, fiction, and romance,
foreign and .-imerican books in great variety, periodicals, maga-
nms, and reviews, general miscellony, also German books ond
periodicals a specialty, office ledgers and blank-books of all kinds.
writing-paJs, tablets, memoranda, notebooks, bill-heads, etc., also
a full and fine line of mercantile stationery, fancy cards, albums,
plush goods, leather specialties, toilet sets, novelties, and small
wares. The Messrs. Besser are men of middle ago and of German
birth, respected residents of this city for many years. They are gen-
tlemen of ple.ising manners and the highest personal integrity as
well OS energy and excellent business qualities, and are deservedly
esteemed in the community alike In commercial circlfls and in
social life.

ANTHONY WINTER, Merclmut Tailor, No. 22 W. Eagle Street.
—As an able and proHcient exponent ot this trade, we would
call the attention ot our readers to tile estaulishment now
owned and managed by Mr. Anthony \\ inter at No. 22 West
Eiigle Street. This enterprise was originally established on Main
Stn-et by Mr. Matthias Smith in I860; Mr. Winter, after some six
years' service in the house as cutter, succe<'(liug to its control July
Isi of the current year. The premises now occupied have a frontage
and depth of 30x80 feet, coniniodiously and tastefully fitted up. and
.•ontaining a superior assortment of the finest goods imported direct
from Europe and of heme production, from which the st fastid-
ious or critical need find no difflculiy in making a selection, while
in fit and workmanship the best satisfaction is guoninieed and
given. The patronage is steadily growing and becoming widely ex-
tended, which fact bespeaks in the strongest terms the public ap-
preciation of the skill and ability of Mr. Winter, whcse splendid
workmanship and superior artistic tailoring have given the estab-
lishment an enhanced degree of that prestige it so long enjoyed un-
der the management of his predecessor. Mr. Winter was born in
Baden. Germany, and migrated to America in 18T4. permanently
settling in Buffalo. His experience covers a period of twenty yeirs.
and the requirements of his trade call for the constant employment
of from ten to fifteen skilled journeymen tailors. Jloderation in
prices is a feature of the establishment, and the high personal char-
acter of its proprietor Ls a sufficient assurance ot the reliable manner
in which all orders are fulfilled.

HOWARD WINSHIP, Real Estate and Insurance, No. 10 South
Division Street.— Prominent among those who have been
clo.sely identified with the growth and improvement of this
section of the city is Mr. Howard Winship. the real-estate
■iiid Insurance broker of No. 10 South Division Street. This business
was established some thirty years ago by Mr. Winship. the father
ot the present proprietor. In 18T8 Mr. Winship. Sr.. died, after
having lived a life of thrift and integrity, and was succeeded by his
son, Mr. Howard Winship. He has been interested in very many
large real-estate transactions, and his business is always done in a
highly satisfactory manner to all concerned. He also attends to
renting stores, dwellings, etc.. and collects rentals. Mr. Winship
hiis had lonir experience in the busine.ss. and any nmtters placed in
his hands will be promptly and intelligently attended to. He con-
ducts all branches of the business, and Is thoroughly conversant
with the same. Mr. Winship is a native of Erie County, New York,
and lias made many friends, and Is highly respected and esteemed
both in social and comniereial circles, and enjoys the fullest con-
fidence of all with whom he 1ms hail business relations.

GEORGE EXGKl.IlAKDr. Mnnutacturer of Heavy and Light
Spring Wagons. Horseshoeing, Blacksuiithlng, Etc., High
Street, between Moi)le and .^llchigan.- The manufacture of
carriages and wagons is a prominent industry In Buffalo, and
one of the best known and most reliable houses in the trade Is that
of Mr. George Engelhardt. This house is deservedly prominent for
heavy and light spring wagons for draught, business, and pleasun-
purposes. Mr. Engelhardt was born in Germany, has resided in Bufi'alo
many years, and was trained in his trade from his youth. He es
tabllshed himself in business In 187.5, in premises owned by hlmseir
and located on High Street, between .Maple and Michigan Htre»-ts.
At that time the premises comprised a two-story framo structure.
30x40 feet in dimensions. In 1887, however, to meet the lncreas«sl
detnand on the resources of his establishment, he had to erect an
additional two-story brick building. 2.'ix80 feet, in the rear. HLs
premises are fully equipped with the best improved machinery and
tools, while employment is afforded to seven skilled hands. Vehi
cles of all kinds are manufactured, and all orders arc promptly exe
cuted at rates that cannot be competed with. Horseshoeing and
general blacksmithing are also done. The trade extends beyond the
limits ot Buffalo, and Mr. Engelhardt is highly esteemed for his
sound business principles and strict Integrity.

JOSEPH E. GAVIN. Wholesale and Retail Dealer Id the Best
Grades of Coal and Coke. Offices No. 18 West Swan Street and
No. 435 Perry Street — Prominent among the merchants engaged
in the handUng of fuel in this city is Joseph E. Gavin, whose
office and cai)acious yard are conveniently located at No. 435 Perry
Street, with office also at No. 18 West Swan Street. He is a general
wholesale and retail dealer in best grades of coal and coke, and
his trade, which is of a substantial character, affords evidence
of steady increa.se. Mr. Gavin, who is a native ot Buffalo, Is a
man ot energy and enterprise, thoroughly upright in his deal-
ings, and is an active member of the Coal Exchange. He started in
business in 1878 on Perry Street, establishing the West Swan Street
office in November, 18S9. and from the first his efforts have been at-
tended with the most gratifying success. The secret of Mr. Gavin's
prosperity is not far to seek, however, low prices, an excellent arti-
cle, honest weight, and prompt service being the special features
contributing thereto. A heavy and first-class stock is constantly
kept on hand at the yard, including superior quality anthracite and
bituminous coal of all sizes and kinds, and thoroughly cleaned; also
coke and kimlling; while orders for stave-bolts, hard and slab
wood, in car-lots are filled, likewise, in the most prompt and re-
liable manner, at lowest consistent rates. Some ten in help are em-
ployed, with eight largi' carts serving customers throughout the city
and suburbs, and all orders receive immediate attention, quality and
quantity being guaranteed in every instiinee. Mr. Gavin is prom-
inently identified with the C. M. B. A., Royal Arcanum, Empire Or-
der, and Catholic B. L., of which he is the state trustee. He was also
inspector ot U. S. Customs for five years under President Cleveland,
and resigned this office of his on n accord.

THE UTHOENGRAVIN'G COMPANY, No. 73 West Eagle
Street.— There is no profession more exacting in its demands
or which requires a more thorough training and natural
talent and skill than that of furnishing designs for litho
graphed stationery. A gentleman who has acquired a deserved
prominence and a high reputation for the excellence ot his produc-
tion in this direction is Mr. George W. Schroeder. who is connected
with the Litho-Engraving Company, No. 73 W. Eagle Street. Mr
Schroeder. although young, has had a long, valuabb experience in
the business, and, possessing rare good taste, excellent judgment,
and a natural aptitude for the work, has produced many splendid
designs and jileasing effects. He was bom in New York, where f.>r
about four yeai-s he was successfully engaged in business. He cam.-
to Buffalo in 18S7, and since then has executed some splendid work
He makes a feature of furnishing designs for all processes of en
graving, and devotes partici lar attention to making designs on
stone for stationery. The services of the compatiy are in demand
by the leading housi>3 in the city. Associated with Mr. Schrooler is
Mr. Louis F. Jansen, who is a native of Buffalo. He has had seven
years' experience, is an expert master of his art. nnd is w.-ll nnil fa
vorably known in Buffalo.

148

^,^ ILLUSTRATED

JN. HALL, Fine Groceries, No. 688 Niagara Street. -Among the
well known grocers who make a specialty of choice articles
, in the way of family supplies, there are none more popular,
or who carry a better assorted stock of goods, than Mr. J. N.
Hall, who has had a long, valuable experience in the business, and
for the past eight years has occupied his present premises. The
store, which measures 25x50 feet, is neatly and tastefully fitted up
and arranged, and presents an attractive appearance by the fine dis-
play of goods made therein. Mr. Hall caters to the very best class
of trade and keeps In stock only the choicest goods obtainable, com-
prising new crop green and black teas, and fragrant coffees, pure
spices, sugars, syrups, all the leading popular brands of family flour,
canned goods, condiments, foreign and domestic fruits, a general
assortment of imported and domestic delicacies, prime creamery
and dairy butter, cheese, fresh eggs, and country produce of all
kinds. The stock is new and fresh, and is being constantly replen-
ished and kept up to a full standard. The goods are sold at the very
lowest prices and warranted to be strictly as represented. Five
clerks are employed, and three wagons are utilized for making de-
liveries. Polite attention is paid to customers, and business is always
lively and brisk. Mr. Hall, who was born in Saratoga County, this
state, is a gentleman in middle life, and is very popular in this
commimity. He is one of the leading grocers m this section of the
city, and carries constantly a stock of goods from $7,000 to $10,000
in value. He is upright and fair in his dealings, and sustains a high
reputation as a business man and citizen. The telephone call is No.
IC.3.3 A., and all orders receive prompt attention.

JOHN WANNOP, Sanitary Plumber, No. 113 CUnton Street.— In
the mechanic arts there is no branch of more importance than
sanitary p'umbing and gas fitting. This work has to be per-
formed in almost every house erected in our city, and for the
health and comfort it is important that this part of the work of a
building should be both carefully and well performed. Health, com-
fort, and happiness depend in a great measure upon how this work
is performed, and too much care cannot be exercised in selecting
those to be entrusted with such work. Among those who stand
prominent and have gained a widespread reputation in this line of
business, is Mr. John Wannop, No. 113 CUnton Street, who has had
many years' experience in the business. This concern was foimded
in 1883 by the present proprietor, and has during that period
gained a widespread reputation for care in the performance of his
work and the manner in which it is performed. His busi-
ness now demands the employment of seven skilled assistants, who
are selected with care as to their abihty and knowledge of the busi-
ness. Mr. Wannop is a native of this city, and an active member of
the Master Plumoi-rs' Association, and by the dilligent management
of his work, he has become well and widely known as a master
mechanic, and perhaps there is none more deserving of the name
and success which he has achieved.

MUSIC HALL RESTAURANT, R. Blume, Proprietor. Main
Street —The popular and well known Music Hall Res-
taurant is one of the most prominent in the city of Buffalo,
and is liberally patronized by an appreciative public. Mr.
R. Blume, its genial proprietor, is a native of Germany and, in com-
mon with the majority of his compatriots, possesses the happy tact
of knowing what is required by the citizens, and fully understands
how to cater to the appetite or most fasti.iious taste of each and
every one of his numerous patrons. He succeeded to the proprietor-
ship of this famous restaurant three years ago. The premises are
fitted up iji a most unexceptionable manner, and made attractive,
comfortable, cosy, and inviting by elegant surroundings in artistic
woodwork, high art frescoing, mirrors, and kindred accessories.
An ample area of 100x125 feet, affords every convenience for the
purposes of the business; every attention is given to patrons by
courteous assistants, and the rear portion of the restaurant is re-
served exclusively tor ladies Mr. Blume is a liberal provider and
serves, besides the substantials, all the various delicacies, game,
poultry, oysters, canvas back duck, terrapin, etc., when in season,
at pooular prices. In fact, all the marine, garden, and farm pro-
ducts of our own country and other nations are to be found here.
As a summer evening resort the Music Hall Restaurant stands alone
and unrivalled, the regular accommodation being augmented and
enlivened by the strains of the brass anil strin;.' band and tlio toplndv

of the vocal artist. A wine room is also connected with the res-
taurant, where may be obtained the choicest of wines and liquors,
and the most fragrant of cigars, both domestic and imported.

PATTERSON & McWATTY, Millinery, Art Materials and Novel-
ties, No. 548 Main Street.— These gentlemen are thorough-
going, active, enierprising young men, and during their busi
ness career have met with a pronounced success and secured
a splendid permanent custom. Since March last they have occu-
pied the large handsome store in which they are located. It iv
25x100 feet and stocked to repletion with a full and complete assort-
ment of millinery goods and novelties and fancy goods valued at
from $5 to $7,000. The goods are all new and have been carefully
selected expressly for a fastidious custom and include all the new
beautiful fashionable designs in trimmed hats, bonnets, toques, etc..
and a wonderful array of millinery goods, silks, ribbons, velvets,
ruches, laces, etc., and nets, hosiery, gloves, handkerchiefs, an. I
ladies' furuishings, together with a full line of art materials ami
wool and worsted zephyrs, and novelties. Hats and bonnets are
made to order on short notice, expert milliners being employed
expressly for this purpose. Pi ices are governed by moderation and
rare bargains are constantly being offered by the firm and new
goods commg in, so that upon the counters something stylish,
fashionable, and desirable may always be found to please the taste
of even the most fastidious or critical.

WH. WRIGHT, Fine Printing, No. 293 Washington Street. -
A recently opened and reliable priming establishment
J in Buffalo is that of Mr. W. H. Wright, Jr., located at
No. 293 Washington Su-eet, occupying the second floor,
and being fully equipped with all kinds of the latest and most
improved printing machinery, including rotary and other presses,
both large and small, operated by adequate electric power. While
doing a large amount of all classes of book and job printing, Mr.
Wright's specialty is legal work, and so successful has he become
that quite a number of the leading law firms have all of their work,
also general commercial and office printing, done by this reliable.
prompt,and painstaking printer. His work is done by electri.
power, and all the types used are of the latest form and desigr.
varying in accordance with the nature and character of the work t..
be done. Mr. Wright employs none but the most experienced type-
setters, pres.smen, and other operatives, and many of the specimens
of his work are masterpieces of this impoi taut industi-y. His work
has been commented favorably by leading authorises and some
criterion as to its merits may be deduced from the statement that
Mr. Wright has only been engaged in the enterprise on his oivn
account for the past j-ear, yet enjoys already a patronage which
many older established printers might, with good reason, well envy,
his i)rospects under existing auspices being deservedly of a highly
favorable character.

EDWARDS & LEE, Jewelers and Silversmiths, No. 800 Main
Street.— This is without doubt one of the largest and best
equipped watchmaking and jewelry estal)lishments in the city.
The premises occupied being a store and show room 20x90
feet in dimensions, and are most elegnntly furnished and filled up
throughout, the greatest taste being everywhere displayed. The
trade done by this house is very extensive, and extends not oidy
throughout the whole city, but far beyond its limits, covering the
whole of the state of New York and parts of Pennsylvania. Ohio,
and into Canada. The stock carried is rich and valuable and care-
fully selected, and embraces an excellent assortment of gold and
silver watches of domestic and foreign manufacture, clocks, watch,
chains, rings, diamonds, pearls, and other precious stones, bracelets,
ear-rings, shawl and scarf pins, brooches, studs, sleeve and collar-
buttons, and jewelry of evei-y desciption of the finest and most
reliable quality. This house owns and operates a f.nctory on Seneca
Street, fitted up with the finest and most expensive toi.ls and ma-
cliines used in the trade, where ten skilled and practical operatives
are kept constantly busy mannfacturing fine jewelry. Diamond
mounting is a specialty of this firm, and their work in that line is
eagerly sought for by experts. Gold and silver badges, medals, etc.,
are also manufactured on the pi'emises. and supplied to the trade
at liberal discounts. Mr. Edwanls is a practical watchmaker of
twenty-five years' experience, while Mr. Lee brings to the business
an extensive and deep knowl&lge of the jewellers' art, acquired
(luring fifteen years of a laborious career.

ILLUSTRATED

^^.llyFFALO A c.T?!r^^?!i«s:

W11.1.1.VMS& PETEKS,(l.nifral Salrs Anciits for tli« N. Y.,
I,. K. & W. Kuilroail Compiinv's Anlliinolte ami Bltumi-
iioim Coftl ; M. E. Robinson, Wwttern tSidVH Agent, No. 88
Wlilt* UuiUliDK.— ButTalo'M natural facilltiea and locailon,
her splencliil system of tributary railroads, anil niaenitlcent fleet of
sleainera and vessels, all render lier (he mistress of the inland seas;
her coal trade is annuoily cnlarKing, and deservedly so, ns here ves-
sel owners ean consign their schooners and steamers wllli an abso-
lute certainty of securing a return coal freight to iK)ints on laltes
Michigan and Suiwrior. The princi|>al feeder of this vost trode is
the New York. I-ake Erie, and Western Railroad Company, whose
trunk lines and branches form the outlet for one of the richest coal
regions in the world. The coniviany's general sales agents are
Messrs. Williams .St Peters, whose operations are conducted upon a
scale of enormous magnitude. They are the sole agents for the
Blo>sburg Coal Company, and the NorthwcsU-rn Mining and Ex-
change Company, and most ably and satisfactorily repre.scnt these
importunt cori>orations. The Hrms headquarters are at Xo. I
Broadway, New York, where they control a very large easu-rn
trade. In 1888 they established a branch office in this city, with
Mr. M. E. Robinson as western sales agent, and who brings to bear
special qualifications therefor. He is a native of New York city, and
has had ten yeors' experience in tliis important branch of trade,
thoroughly understanding it in its every detail, and having made
Buffalo's trade facilities his special study since coming here, he
bus made large extensions to the firm's annual volume of sales, and
is generally recoguized as one of the city's most progressive and
competent wholesale coal agents.

HARVEY BROTHERS, Flour, Grain, and Seetl Jlerchants, No.
•JSI Washington Street.— This extensive business was estab-
Ushed in 1858 by Harvey & Allen, who were succeeded in 1870
by the present firm, the copartners being Messi-s. Horace J.
and John H. Harvey. The premises occupied c..mprise a spacious
four-story building 30xi:SO feet in area, fully equipped with every
facility and convenience for the accommodation of the large and
well selected stock. The firm make a specialty of hiindling seeds,
and are careful to obtain only those of the best quality, while they
have special facilities for the purpose of testing their seeds. They
conduct an extensive business in heavy seeds such as clover, timo-
thy, and seed grain of all descriptions, and al-o in the choicest
brands of flour. They handle all the flour produced at the BnlTalo
City Flour Mills, and the Queen City Flour Mills, which have a total
capacity of 90U barrels of choice flour daily. Their brands of flour
are highly regarded by the trade and public for their quality, purity,
anil unifonu excellence, and have no superiors in the countiy. They
carefully fill orders at the lowest ruling market prices, and their
trade, which is both wholesale and retail, extends throughout all
sections of western New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio. The firm
conduct an immense business, their sales for th- pasi year amount-
ing to over S-.OUO.OOO. Mr. Horace J. Harvey is interested in several
ouLside business ventures, among them he is connected with Smith,
Falke & Co., bakers; Harvey & Darke, and the Niagara Baking
Co. He is also senior partner in the firm ot Harvey & Henry, pro-
prietors of the Buffalo City Flour Mills.

FULLER & RIPLEY, Real Estate and Insurance, No. 14 East
Seneca Street.— Among those in this business is the firm of
Fuller & Ripley, whose office is at No. 14 East Seneca Street,
Room 7. 3Ir. Chas. W. Fuller and Mr. A. P. Ripley. Jr., the
copartners, have had o long valuable experience in the business and
bring to bear upon it a full knowledge of every detail connected
therewith. They have been associated and established at their pres-
ent location since May last, and quickly took a leniling position,
and have secured a reputation and formed splendid connections
with capitalists and built up a flrst-class patronage. In the purchase
and siile or exchange of realty and in i>egotia(lng loans, Messrs.
Fuller <t Ripley have shown their Ihorough adaptability to the needs
of patrons, and in this direci ion their services are always in demand.
A s|)e<-ial feature is made of renting property and taking charge of
estates, pnying taxes for non resident owners, searching titles, col-
lecting rents and attending to all branches of the real estate busi-
ness. As insurance agents they represent a nurnl>erof the strongest
companies in the wnrlil.and issue policies at the very lowest rates of
premiums. Mr. Fuller, who resides at Ijuicaster, is president of

the People's Mutual Live Stock Insurance Co., and Is well and popu.
lai'ly known In this community. Mr. Ripley is a Buffaloniun b)
birth and is also very popular in business circles.

BUFFALO ARTIFICIAL LIMIl CO., CI. W. Hall, Manager, No
9 West Eagle Street. - Tills is the oldest and largest establlsh-
nient of Its class in this country, and owes its origin to the
effoits of Mr. O. W. Hall, its proficient manager and propri-
etor, who founded the enterprise some tliirty years ago. He has
since succeeded in completely rev<ilulionizing the old fashioned
metlio<ls of consinicting artificial limbs, ajiproaching the most diffi-
cult problems in this line vvith a great aiiatondcal and mechaniuil
skill. Mr. Hall adapts his artificial legs and nuns to all the varying
cases of amputation, and has tlieiii successfully applied toyoungchil-
dren and aged adults alike. Ho also provides extension apparatus
for sliort legs, and appliances for di<uliilities and deformiiiesof every
description. Wherever cxhibiied ihese limbs and appliances have
carried off fli-st class medals ami diplomas, on the grounds ot greater
simplicity, durability, and easy movement » itliout noise, over all
others. Those needing an nrtiflciol limb, or the renewal of one. and
those seeking perfected attachments to shortened, deformed, und
paralyzed Unibs, should coniinnnicate with Mr. Hull and get a copy
of his deeply interesting descriptive pamphlet, which gives full in-
formation as to the principles of construction, methods of applica-
tion, improvements, and prices of the Artificial Limb Company's
productions. Mr. Hall is a native of New York city, thirty-two
years a resident of Buffalo, ati honored and responsible business
man, and recognized as the leading representative in his vitally im-
portant profes.'.ion.

AHASSELBACH. Dealer in Fresh, Salt, and Smoked Meat.s
Choice Family Groceries, Etc., Nos. 178 and 174 Swan
, Street.— For over a quarter of a century M.-. Anton Hassel
bacb has been in business in the present locality, and dur
ing the entire period has been steadily increasing his hold on public
favor and patronaj;e. His establishment, which comprises butcher
store and grocery combined, is one of the oldest as well as one of
the leadin : and best known jilaces of the kind in this section of the
city, and has a very large trade. The premises occupied, which are
50x115 feet in area, are nicely fitted up and well appointed through-
out, and some half a dozen efficient assistants are in attendance,
while several wagons serve customers throughout the city, special
attention being given to steamboat supplies. The stock, which is
carefully selected, includes fine fresh beef, mutton, lamb, and pork,
lirime hams, bacon, shoulders, lard, sausage, and general provisions;
also choice teas and coffees, pure fresh spices, condiments, and
table delicacies; foreign and domestic fruits, vegetables and country
produce, crackers and biscuit, sugars, molasses, dried fruit, canned
goods, best brands ot flour, fish, salt, beans, peas, rice, meal, vin-
egar, soda, saleratus, baking-powder, soap, starch, woodenware,
brooms, brushes, etc., etc., and oil orders by telephone (No. 719) are
promptly and reliably attended to. Mr. Hasselbiu-h, who is n gen-
tleman of full middle age, active, energetic, and devoted to his busi.
niss, was born in Germany.

THE BLAKE DUMPING WAGON WORKS, No. 390 Seneca
Street.— The production of this concern is of exceptional
merit — the n** plti-t nltrn of dntnping-wagons for coal, dirt,
sand, gravel, garbage, brick, stone, faim produce, etc., and
of its superiority there conM be no more unfailing criterion than the
large and ropidlj- increasing sale the same is commanding through-
out the entire countrj-. The Blake Dimiping-wngon (patented June
28, l,**:, by Mr. J. M. Blake) for lumber and timber is equally worthy
of note here, and is in wide and growing demand all over the Uniud
States. The works have been In operation since 1889, and the un-
equivocal success that has attended the venture from its inception
amply attests the general excellence of the wagons manufactured,
the concern just now getting out big contracts tor Kansas City and
Omaha, while the business grows apace. Mr. .1. M. Blake, who is
patentee and sole proprietor, is a gentleman of middle age and a
Vermonter by liirth. but a resident of Buffalo over a quarter of a
centurj-, nnd prior to enga',-ing in this prosperous enterprise had
run a pinning mill at corner Hamburg Canal and Ohio Slip for some
years. He is a man of skill and one gy, well endowed in the quali-
ties proverbial of the veritable Yankee, and fully de.sci-ves the sub-
stantial success that has attended liis welldirect-d efforts.

ILLUSTRATED

^KVFFALOjC

THE BRUNSWICK-BALKE COLLENDER COMPANY, BiUiard
and Pool Tables; A. Q. Frankenstein, Manager; No. 587 Main
Street.— This great manufacturing corporation, the largest
and most important of its kind in the world, dates its inception
back to 1860, when Messrs. Brunswick Brothers laid its nucleus in the
city of Cincinnati. The firm afterwards became J. M Brunswick &
Co., and in 1S72 this firm amalgamated with Julius BaUce of Cincin-
nati, who had then been in the business some years. The style was
then changed to the J. M. Brunswick & Balke Co. In the same year
the concern consolidated with the Collender Manufacturing Com-
pany of New York, and tnen the present title of the Brunswick-Balke-
Collender Company was adopted. The company was incorporated
in 1S82 under the laws of the state of Ohio, with a capital stock of
$1,500,000. Mr. John M. Brunswick died at Cincinnati in 1886, and his
interest is represented by Mr. Ben M. Brunswick. Since Mr. Bruns-
wick's death, Mr. II. W. Collender of New York, has been the presi-
dent, and 5Ir. A. F. Troescher of New Y'ork secretary and treasurer.
The company have factories in New York Cincinnati, St. Louis,
Chicago, and San Francisco, and branch establishments in all the
principal cities of the country. They manufacture billiard and pool
tables, billiard merchandise of every description, saloon fixtures,
beer coolers, ten pin alleys, office, bank, and drugstore fixtures,
mirrors, bar tables, chairs, etc., in the production of which many
hundreds of workmen are employed. The Buffalo branch was
founded in 1S80, and has proved eminently successful. The premises
occupied here comprise two spacious rooms on the second tioor of
the building No. 5S7 Main Street, where a splendid showing is made
of samples of the manufactures of the company. Through this
branch the whole of the western New York trade is controlled, and
the business is under the efficient management of Mr. A. Franken-
stein, whose long service with the company has eminently fitted him
to represent their interests in this prolific section of the country.

REA & POWELL, General Produce Commission Merchants,
Nos. 104 and lOB West Market Street.— This popular and re-
liable house was originally established in 1873 by Gilbert &
Rea. who were succeeded in 1887 by the present firm. The
copartners, Messrs. W. C. Rea and J. W. Powell, are experienced
merchants, commanding a wide and valuable acquaintance in trade
circles, and are active and enterprising in a marked degree. Their
facilities are admirable for reaching a desirable class of buyers, and
the distinguishing policy of this house is its activity in placing con-
signments on the market and making prompt and satisfactory returns.
The premises occupied comprise a spacious three story brick build-
ing, 40x150 feet in area, fully equipped with every convenience for the
storage and preservation of the choice, extensive and valuable stock.
They deal largely in butter, cheese, eggs, poultry, foreign and
domestic fruits and vegetables, and all kinds of country produce.
Messrs. Rea & Powell own the building, and have excellent butter,
egg and banana rooms, and cheerfully furnish shippers with stencils,
invoices, market reports, etc.. and answer all correspondence
promptly. Consignments of all descriptions of country produce are
solicited, and are carefully handled and promptly acknowledged in
every case. A superior stock of produce is constantly carried, and
all orders are carefully filled at the lowest ruling market prices. Mr.
Rea was born in Wyoming County, N. Y., but has resided in Buffalo
for the last nineteen years. Mr. Powell formerly lived in Michigan,
but has been a resident of this city since 1870. Tliey are highly re-
garded in trade circles for their enterprise and integrity, and are
popular members of the Buffalo Produce and Merchants' Exchanges.
Me.ssrs. Rea and Powell refer by permission to the Manufacturers
and Traders' Bank, the commercial agencies, also to numerous ship-
pers throughout the country, and theu- sales for the past year
amounted to over $a.->0,000.

CHARLES SCHERBARTH, Sample and Pool Room, No, 312 Con-
necticut Street.— In its line the house of Mr. Charles Scher-
barth is a representative and respectable one, and in no other
establishment in the city are the wants of patrons more care-
fully attended to than in this model establishment. It was founded
some five years ago by its present proprietor in the premises now
occupied at No. 312 Connecticut Street, and which are the property
of Mr. Seherbarth They comprise an elegantly and handsomely
fitted up barroom, the bar fixtures being solid and tasteful, and a
pool room well provided wilh tables of the finest make. Several

private sitting rooms, comfortably turnishel. are also provided,
where patrons may retu-e to take their rifreshmenls in private, or
indulge in some private conversation. The wet goods supplied at
the bar are the best, and comprise the finest wines, whiskies, bran-
dies, rums, liqueurs, and cordials. The best brands of cigars are also
offered, and all at prices that are remarkably moderate. The entire
premises have an area of 40x80 feet, and are noted for their cleanli-
ness, freshness, and neat appearance. Three assistants are em-
ployed. Mr. Seherbarth is a native of western Prussia, but has been
for many years a resident of this city, where his geniality andjpleas-
ant address have gained him the good will and esteem of all.

SG. HEINRICH (Successor to Heinrich Bros.), Wholesale
Tobaccos and Cigars, No. 373 Elk Street.— In this tobacco
^ consuming age, and especially in this community of smokers,
the importance of the tobacco trade as an industrial factor
in the development of trade and commerce is universally conceded.
The enterprise displayed by the cigar and tobacco dealers of Buffalo
has to a very great extent advanced the mercantile interests of the
city. One of the most enterprising representatives of the wholesale
trade in tobacco and cigars and smokers' supplies, is the well known
house of Mr. S. G. Heinrich, successor to Messrs. Heinrich Bros., at
No. 373 Elk Street. This house was established by the latter firm in
1887, and on the dissolution of the firm in March, 1890, Mr. S. G Hein-
rich became sole proprietor. The premises occupied comprise a
one-story frame building, 25x170 feet in dimensions. They are
spacious and commttdious, and in every respect peculiarly fitted for
the handling of the large and choicely assorted stock always carried.
An efficient staff of experienced assistants are employed, and a num-
ber of travelling salesmen are kept constantly on the! road looking
after the wants of the numerous patrons of the house in this state,
as well as in Pennsylvania and Ohio. The stock handled is one that
commands a large sale with the most critical and experienced
buyers, and includes all the choicest brands of Havanas, Key West,
and domestic cigars; tobaccos of all kinds, plug, cut plug, and fine
cuts, both smoking and chewing ; meerschaum and briar wood
pipes, pouches, hookahs, narghiles, and smokers' supplies of all
descriptions. A specialty is made of the products of Wagner's cele-
brated cigar factory, and a large and influential wholesale trade has
been built up. The demands of customers, dealers, and jobbers are
supplied at the shortest notice, and on most satisfactory terms. Mr.
Heinrich is a native of Erie County, and for several years was en-
gaged in the diy goods business on Broadway. He formerly resided
at Boston, N. Y., whence he removed to Buffalo ten years ago. He
is well and favorably known to the tiade, and eminently popular
with the community in general.

THE QUEEN CITY' STEAM LAUNDRY, Nos. 487 and 489 Wash-
ington Street, E. D. Willsey, Proprietor.— Of those branches
of industry connected with the cleansing and renovating of
our daily attire, special attention is directed in this commer-
cial review to the Queen City Steam Laundry, Nos. 487 and 489
Washington Street, of which Mr. E. D. Willsey is the popular propri-
etor. He established this laundry eleven years ago, since which
period he has built up a large patronage in all sections of Buffalo
and its vicinity. The premises occupied comprise two spacious
floors, 25x114 feet in area, fully equipped with the latest improved
appliances, apparatus, and machinery, including six washing ma-
chines, eighteen ironing machines, etc. Here forty-five skilled
hands are employed, and the machinery is operated by steam
power. The work is turned out in a very superior manner, and at
prices that cannot be surpassed by any contemporary concern. A
specialty is made of shirts and collars, and all work is txecuted
without injuring the gaitnents. Mr. Willsey has five delivery
wagons and sixty agencies, while he has also a branch at No. 207
Main Street. He is also proprietor of the Queen City Steam Carpet
Cleaning Works, where he cleans carpets by a new process. Carpets
are guaranteed to be returned free from dust or moths without in-
jury to the finest, and carpets are also carefully fitted and laid at
extremely low prices. Mr. Willsey was horn in Albany County,
N. Y., but has resideil in Buffalo for the last twelve years, where he
is highly esteemed by the community for his promptness, energy,
and integrity. His laundry has obtained an enviable reputation,
and all goods are called for and delivered to any part of the city free
of charge.

ILLUSTRATED

THE aUEEN
CITY OF THE LAKES.

STAR OIL COMPANY, Swan auU WAshinRtoii Streets.-This
repn-M-nlnlii-e and leading concern wns established in 18C3
by Mr. J. P. Dudley, and from tlie start the reconi of its
career has toen one of unhrolsen prosperity. The pi-ein-
Ises utiliz>>d for Uio purposes of this extensive liusiness are located
in the Lewis Block, on the corner of Swan and Washington StrtK'ts,
and comprise two floors with basement, each having an area of
50x100 feet. The store is large and spacious, handsomely fltted up
and provided with all the best appliances for the safe and proper
bandlingof the immense and volualde stock always on hand. A large
warehouse and yard located on Hamburg Street are utilized for the
purjiose of storage, and no better selected assortment of everj-thiiig
that can be included in the line of products of this great industry is
to be found west of New York City. A specialty Is made of the
handling of the famous Capitol cylinder and of the Eldorado
engine oils, the sales in these two products alone being very large.
The trade is entirely wholesale, and there are few jobbers, grocers,
or dealers in this section of the country or in Canada who do not han-
dle the goods of this house. A corps of traveling salesmen is kept
constantly on the road soliciting the orders of patrons and intro-
ducing the wares of the Arm. All orders receive immediate otten-
tion and are executed without delay, at prices and on terms that
no other similar concern can compete with. The numerous and
important connections of the house with all the leading large oil-
reflneries of the country, and its unrivalled facilities for handUug,
Btoring, and shipping in large quantities, enable it to offer great
advantages to it« patrons. Mr. Dudley is a native of New Hamp-
shire, but has been for many years a resident of this city. He is a
widely known citizen, always foremost in advocating whatever
measures he considers conducive to the best interests of Buffalo, and
is justly looked upon as one of her most representative business men.

WILLIAM BAYNKS, Street Cleaning Contractor, No. 77
Pearl Street.— No branch of municipal improvement has
of late years developed so rapidly as that which is in-
volved in the maintaining of n cleanly, and consequently
bi-althy, condition of our streets and thoroughfares; and what seems
to he an eyesore in many of our metropolitan cities is. on the other
hand, in Buffalo a source of admiration to the transient visitor and
resident citizen alike. This satisfactory state of affairs may be un-
doubtedly attributed to the efforts and admirable executive ability
of the subject of this brief sketch, Mr. William Baynes, Buffalo's
well-known street-cleaning contractor. Mr. Baynes is a native of
England, and migrating to this countrj- some forty-odd years ago,
permanently located in Buffalo in 1856, embarking in business at
that period as a builder and contractor. Ability, push, and energy
soon placed Mr. Baynes in the front rank in this particular sphere of
usefulness, and many of the leading public buildings and dwellings
were built under his able superintendence, conspicuous among such
being the postofflce structure. For eight-and-thirty years he pur-
sued this calling, and, relinquishing his interest theixMn to his son,
Mr. H. T. Baynes, in 1S88 he accepted the Buffalo street-cleaning
contract for five years, appropriation therefor being made at the
rate of $100,000 per aimum. Some idea of the stupendous character
of this undertaking may be deduced from the statement that it in
volves the cleansing of some .300 miles of streets, the employment of
500 laborers and 100 teams, and the settlement of a weekly pay-roll
of $2,000. How far Mr. Baynes has succeeded with his contract the
condition of the streets to-day, as compared with the nuisances of
former years, gives ample ocular evidence. Mr. Baynes is also a
Commissioner of Public Works, an eialderman of the city, and
has always taken on active part in any movement which had for its
object the material progi-ess and permanent welfare of the Queen

A FRANK WEPPNER, Pork Packer and Wholesale Provision
Denier; Office and Packing House, Corner Prime and Han-
^ over Streets.— The trade in provisions is undoubtedly one
of the most important of the industries of Buffalo. The
consumption of animal products, especially that of the hog. is on the
increase in the United States, the next cotintry in order of consumjv
tion being Great Britain, and both of these countries are exempt
from traceable ill effects from such articles of food. A prominent
house in this city actively engage<l in this trade is that of Mr. A.
Frank Weppner. pork packer and wholesiile provision dealer, whose

olTlce and packing house are located corner Prime and Hanover
Stn'ets. This business was cstablishwl In 18S5 Mr. Weppner is an
excellent judge of stock, and Is fully conversant with every detail of
the business ond the requirements of the market. The |»reroi.ses
occupied comprise a spacious four-story building 100x150 feet in
dimensions, fully equipped with every convenience for the success-
ful conduct of the business. The packing house is notcil for its
chsanliness and neatness, and steam power Is utilized. Only the best
stock is handled, and the greatest caie and attention are given the
meats through all the stages of curing, smoking, etc. Mr. Wepp-
ner justly prides himself upon the superior excellence of his
goods, which are equalled by few ami surpassed by none. To secure
freshness and excellence his stocks are chosen from the best corn-
Oelds of the west, are slaughtered near the pastures, anil the meats
are cured in Mr. Weppner's establishment by a process peculiar to
his house. Mi\ Weppner deals largely in hams, shoulders, bacon,
smoked beef, lard, etc., which have no superiors In the market for
quality and uniform excellence. He is the curer of the famous
Stra%vberry brand of hams, which are general favorites wherever
Introduced, owing to their flavor, and are free from injurious sub-
stances and unpleasant taste of salt. During the past year Mr.
Weppner put up half a million pieces of hams and shoulders, and
other provisions in proportion. Orders are promptly fllled at the
lowest possible prices, and the trade, which is strictly wholesale, ex-
tends throughout all sections of the eastern states, and also to
Europe. Mr. Weppner is a native of Buffalo. He is an honorable
and energetic business man. and those giving their orders to him
may rest o-ssured that their interests will be carefully attended to
and guarded.

E HENRI KELLY, Science, Art and Draughting School, No. U
W. Mohawk Street.-Mr. Kelly was born in Hamilton, Can-
, ada, but has resided in Buffalo for many yeors. where his
high scientific attainments and thorough mastery of the
branches to which he devotes himself ore fully recognized ond have
won for him the esteem and respect of its citizens. The school of
which he is the head was founded by him in 18SS to meet a want long
felt, viz., the thorough and complete trainidg of those desirous of
embracing the important and responsible callings of architects and
civil engineering. The premises he devotes to the purposes of this
institute are centrally located, and comprise the entire street floor at
the above address, having an area of 40x90 feet. They are spacious,
well lighted, and perfectly ventilated, and nothing in their equipment
has been omitted which can in any way promote the comfort and
convenience of those frequenting tliem. They ore provided with all
the instruments and appliances necessary to an intelligent study of
the branches taught.which comprise, among others, science and art in
all their departments, embracing twenty-one distinct branches, both
mechanical and architectural drawing, etc. A competent staff of
six trained instructors assist him in this work, every detail of which
he personally superintends The most eloquent tribute to the excel-
lence of the instniction given Is afforded by tne fact that in eight
years over six thousand pupils have graduated from this school,
many of whom are now filling most responsible positions in their
chosen profession. The tuition fees ore nioderote and within the
reach of all. Mr. Kelly is a pleasant and courteous gentleman, and
of much practical experience in his calling.

WILLIAM BRUNER. Money Broker; Loans Negoiioted;
Goetz Block, No. 1% Pearl Street, Room I. -In the various
departments of industry in Buffalo there is none holding
a more prominent i>o3ition as a money broker than Mr.
William Bnmer, whose elegantly furnished offices are located on the
first floor. Room No. I. at No. 190 Pearl Street. This business was
established in 1889 by Mr. Bnmer, who has built up a large and sub-
stantial patronage. He loans money on furniture and chattel
mortgages without the removal of the furniture from the premises,
and charges a very low percentage. He also discounts paper and
negotiates loans of all kinds. He is a native of Philadelphia, and
there for many years he was connected with the insurance business.
He is well and favorably known in this community, and bears the
reputation of an honorable, liberal, and straichtforward business
man, ever ready financially to a.ssi.st those « ho are in immediate
need. Mr. Bnmer enjoys the respect and cnnfld.-nce of all who
know him. and justly merits the success h.' \m< nt.iin.-.I

ILLUSTRATED

153

THE QUE.EN
CITY OF THE LAKES.

ME. NOLAN, Dealer iu Fine Beef, Muttou, and Smoked
Meats, Piiultry and Game in Season, No. 703 Seneea
, Street —One oC the leading business men in the eastern
section of the city engaged in supplying the community
with fresh and salt meats is Mr. M. R. Nolan, who has been identi-
fied Avi;h the trade many years. In 1880 he commenced business
on his own account at No. 687 Seneca Street, and from that time has
been successful and prosperous, and has enjoyed the confidence of
aU having dealings with liini. In the spring ot the present year he
removed to the premises now occupied at No. 705 on that thorough-
fare, where, with increased facilities and greater conveniences, he is
better equipped than ever before to attend to the demands of his
many p:itrons. Everything about the establishment, which is about
thirty feet square, is new and includes improved appliances fur the
preservation of meats during the summer months. Mr. Nolan is
a painstaking business man, provides the best quality of meats
at the vevy lowest prices, and attend-; to the wants of customers
with promptness and satisfaction. lie selects the best well fed
cattle for slaughter and always has the juiciest beef and veal, lamb,
mutton, pork; also smoked and salt meats ot all kinds, including
sugar cured hams and breakfast bacon. Mr. Nolan also manufact-
ures sausage on a large scale by steam power. From seven to ten
head of beef cattle, and fiom twenty to twenty-five lambs, and
many corn fed hogs, are killed every week unde.- Mr. Nolan's imme-
diate supervision. A native of Ireland, Mi-. Nolan who has been in
this country many years, served with destinction in the navy during
the late war in the gunboat State of Georgia, and was with General
Teri-y in his operations on the South Atlantic coast, and in action at
'Fort Sumter, where he received a wound, which compelled him to
return home. He is a popular influential member of the G A.R.,
and sustains a higa reputation in this community. Mr. Nolan em-
ploys a number of competent assistants, and owns several delivery
wagons, which are always in active service.

FJ KRAFT, Undertaker, Office and Warerooms, No. 31 E.
Huron Street.— The oldest and about the leading general
, undertaking establishment in Biiffalo is that of F. J. Kraft,
No. 31 East Huron Street. It has been conducted at the
present location, by the gentleman whose name heads tliis sketch,
since IBM, and duiing the forty-six years' interim has been steadily
growing in popularity and patronage. The premises occupied as
office and warerooms are commodious and completely equipped, and
a large, first-class assortment of supplies pertaining to obsequies
and interments is always kept on hand, including coffins and caskets,
shrouds, trimmings, chairs, crape, and kindred articles in great
variety. Six superb hearses and four elegant coaches, with a
dozen horses, are in service likewise, and a large staff of help is em-
ployed, the proprietor giving close personal attention to every
detail ot the business. Remains are taken iu charge at any hour,
day or night, and prepared for burial in the most prompt and
superior manner, and all orders by telephone (No. 2342) receive im-
meiliate attention. Embalming is performed according to the most
approveil process, interments are procured in any of the surround-
ing cenietedes, and funerals are directed iu first-class style, while
the charges for all classes of service are extremely moderate,
everything considered. Mr. Kraft, who is a gentleman of about
seventy, but active and energetic, was born in Alsace, France, and
has been a respected resident of Buffalo for upward of half a cen-
tury. He is a man of strict integrity, as well as a thoroughly ex-
perienced undertaker and emhalmer, and is a prominent member ot
the New York State and the Erie County Undertakers' Association.

QUEEN CITY STENCIL AND RUBBER STAMP WORKS, J. Q.
.Johnson & Co., Manufacturers of Rubber Stamps, Stencils,
Seal Presses, Steel Stamps, Brass Signs, Hotttl and Baggage
Checks, Etc., Corner Washington and Seneca Streets, Oppo-
site Post Office.— Of all the numerous labor saving appliances, the
manufacture of which has of late years become an industry, none is
so intimately associated with the business man as the njbber stamp,
and among the numerous industries productive of the latter none
are more worthy of a special mention than that of Messrs. J. G.
Johnson & Co , manufacturers of rubber stamps, stencils, seal
presses, etc. This business was established in 1866 by Mr. J. G.
Johnson, and carried en by him until 1887, when his partner, Mr. H.
Johnson, became a member of the firm. The premises occupied are
located at the comer of Seneca and Washington Streets comprise a

appointed store, v."ix45 feet in dimensions. Here are-
manufactiured all kinds of steel stamps, stencil plates, rubber stamps,
brass stamps, ribbon stamps, pencd stamps, hotel and baggage
checks, pool checks, bar checks, etc. The firm make a specialty of
the manufacture of notarial and corporation saal presses, also bank,
railroad, and general business stamps. Both partners are also practi-
cal and expert engravers in wood and die sinkers Six able and ex-
perienced hands are employed, and all orders are filled with dispatch
and precision. The work turned out is superior in its execution to
that of any house simikvriy engaged in the city. Both partners are
practical designers, who do all their own skilled work, eutrusting only
the mechanical part of the busmess to their employees. Mr. John-
son, Sr., is a native ot New Hampshire, but has been a resident of
this city tor many years. By his excellence of work and enterpris-
ing management he has built up a very profitable trade.

STANDARD OYSTER COMPANY, Wholesale Oysters and
Clams, Nos. 80 and 91 Broadway ; Demiy & Ernst, Proprietors —
Few persons other than those immediately concerned have any
idea of the importance of the oyster and kindred interests in
Buffalo to-day. The quantities of moilusks disposed of in the course
ot a year reach enormous proportions, and the volume of trade
grows apace. Engaged in the line indicated there are in this city a
number ot substantial firms, prominent among these being that of
Denny & Ernst, proprietors of the Standard Oyster Company, of
Nos. 89 and 01 Broadway, and than whom none are more widely or
more favoi ably known. They are wholesale dealers in prime oys-
ters and clams, with shucking house at Nos 30 and 41 Gree Street,
Baltimore, whence they receive supplies, and have a big trade
throughout New York State, Penn.sylvania, Ohio, and Canada, their
total sales for a season being upward of $:00,000. This enterprising
and prosperous firm was established about twelve years ago and its
career from the start has been marked by steady progress. The
premises occupied as office, salesrooms, etc., on Broadway com-
prise two 20x135 feet floors, with ample and complete facilities, in
eluding telephone (1121.) Fifty or more in help are employed in tiusy
season A very large and choice stock of bivalves is constantly car-
ried on hand, both in shell and in brine, and all orders tor anything
in the oyster and clam hue are filled in the most expeditious and re-
liable manner, while the very lowest prices, consistent with quality
and quantity, always prevail. Messrs. Myron O. Denny and Henry
Ernst, the members of the firm, are natives respectively of Lancas-
ter, Erie County, and Buffalo. Both are men of push and enter-
prise, thoroughly conversant with the trade, and have attained suc-
cess by deserving it.

EH. THOMPSON, Dealer in Watches, Clocks, and Fine Jewelry.
No. 294 Connecticut Street.— The clock and watchmaking
, and jewelry business is well represented in the west end of
the city of Buffalo by many responsible houses, whose es-
tablishments are equal to any to be found on the main thorough-
fares of the city. Prominent among them is that of Mr. E. H.
Thompson, located at 294 Connecticut Street, and which is one ot the
finest of its kind in the city. The store is 25x60 feet in dunensions.
and is elegantly fitted up throughout. Fine show wmdows, in which
are displayed the choicest products of the watchmaker and jewel-
ler's art, give to it a most attractive appearance, which is fully sus-
tained by the interior decorations and the goods carried in stock.
This latter includes all the finest gold and silver watches, both for-
eign and of American make, diamonds and other precious stones set
in a variety of ways, cameos, clocks, plain and ornamental, from
the great hall clock to the tiniest mantelpiece, chains, rings, pins,
brooches, guards, lockets, etc. Mr. Thomi)son is a practical and ex-
pert jeweller and watchmaker, and gives special attention to fine re-
pairing and engraving in all its branches. He is admittedly one of
the most expert engravers in the city. AU orders are promptly at-
tended to, and all work is done in a thorough and skilled manner,
while hi-i prices are uncommonly moderate. He is a native of Eng-
land, and came to Buffalo in 1879, where he first engaged with King
& Eisell. Three years after he established his present business on
Eagle Street, from whence he removed to his present quarters in
1888. He is a veteran ot the Zulu war, having served in the ranks
throughout that campaign in a Cape regiment. By his strict atten-
tion to busmess. and the satisfaction always given to patrons, he hag
built up a large and gi'owing business, and enjoys a widespread
popularity.

ILLUSTRATED

^xB^FFALOjC

THE ClUECN
CITY OF THE LAKES.

MARTIN DR'KKNIIERK, Uuil.ler of Churdi Altars, l'ul|.ll8,
Kic. Store Nos. 189 and 141 Loc-ust Streol. Factory No.
IIJ Ix^iiion Sti'cet.— lu Uiu manufucture of altiin', piilpitH,
uiiil oliiii-ch furniiiire. ii representntive and widely known
liouKv in liulTttlo Ih that of Mr. Martin Dli-konhorr, »liosi> factory Is
locatt^ at No. 11"J Lemon Street, and whose store Is at Nos. 139 und
141 Locust Street. This l...sin.>.-i,.i was .•stablislied in 1862 liy Mr.
Dick>-nherr, wlio has ^ill. . i nili ui. ui itinuenlinl patronaee In all

*>ctioiis of New Y.mI.. I ,1 Oliio. Mr. Dickenlierr

inanufiicture.s to order t ipits, Imptisnial fonts, cnn-

fensionals, aliar railint;-. : j : i. u<. ninde from all kinds of

lumlM-r, an.l of any des,. i,,ii,,n aii.l at all prices. He also makes
woo<len candle.siiclis. Kilt or liron/.e. ve.stmcnt cn.ses, lavatories, and
nil kinds of church anil sehod furniture. His work is unsurpawied
for quality of materials, eli-Kniice of desiRn, finish, and workman-
ship, and is hlphly endorsed by architects, experis, and patrons. Mr.
Dickeuherr furnished the flttings, etc., for the folIoiviuK IhiiTulo
churches, viz.: St Honiface's. Jlnlberrj- Street: St. Louis. Main
Stnwt: Church of Sacred Heart of Jesus, Seneca .-treet; Holy
Aueels. Polish Church, etc. The factory is a commodious rhree
story hrick buildinc. 50x40 feet in area, and the store is two stories
aixKlO feet in dimensions. The woiksliops are fully supplied with
luodera tools, machinery, and appliances, operated by a twelve
horse power steam encine. Mr Dickenlierr was l>orn in Geneva,
Switzerland, but has resided in Buffalo the greater part of his life.
He is hiRhly esteemed by the community foi his artistic .skid and
integrity, justly meriting the substantial success achieved in this
valuable Industry.

B.\INES BROS., ProTisioii Jlerchants anrl Shippers of Beef,
.\Iuiton. Pork, and Poultry. Ijird. SausaRe. Etc., Nos. 4^. 44
and 4.5ElkStteet Market.— The fo..d supply trade is. primarily
and pernuinently, the most important deparimenl r>f com-
merce in every com nuinitj', food ever having; been thi' first crying;
necessity of mankind. In Buffalo the trade is rfpr-'sented by
reliable, wide-aivake merchants, whose status will compare favor-
ably with that of their coniemporarics in any part of the Union. A
foremost house enKOKcd in the wholesale and retail handliuK of meats
is that of the Messrs. Baiiies Bros., who have a store at No. 110 Main
Street, and occupy stalls Nos. 43, 44 and 45 in the Elk Street Market.
The firm began business in 1879, and through the push, energy, and
practical knowledge brought to bear in their management a success
was scored from the outset, a laige and permanent trade soon
being established. The Messis. Baines are general provision mer-
chants and shippers of beef, mutton, pork, and poultry, lard, sau-
sage, etc.. aud secure their supplies from the most reliable fields of
production, and have connections that enable them to always get
the best and to rjuote the lowest market prices. A very heavy
sUKk is at all times carried, and oiders of any magnitude arc
promptly filled, a leading specialty being made of supplying hotels
and ves.sels. The members of the firm, Messi-s. J. C. Baines, M.
Baines, and II. S. Baines, are natives of England, but have resided in
Buffalo since I8T1. They are liberal in their ideas, guided by an
honorable and progressive spirit, and tliei' are rightly numbered
among tnose men in whose hands the continued development of
the city nistfi.

He. TUCKER & CO., Bankei-s. Chapin Block.— The growth ot
the monetary interests of the Queen City is chielly owing
, to the energy and ability of our leading bardters, among
whom special mention should be made in this review of
the reliable and repiesentalive firm of Massrs. H. C. Tucker & Co.,
whose lianklng offlce is eli,-ibly located in the Chapin Block. This
business was established in 1887 by Messre. Henry C. Tucker & Co.
Mr. H. C. Tucker, the cashier and general manager, has had long
experience, and posse-sses an intimate knowledge of every pha.se
and feature of the money and stock markets. The flmi transact
a general bankhig business, receiving deposits subject to check at
algbJt, while they are the Buffalo correspondents for many country
banks aud financial institutions, while they have likewise on exten-
sive foreign connection. They also make collections on all available
points in tlie United States and Europe, and sell bills at favorable
rates on all the principal commercial centres. Messrs, H. C. Tucker
& Co. are recognized authorities on the values of state, county, and
city bonds, and niunber among their customers many of oiu- wealthy

capitalists and operatiirs. Their princii)ol correspondoms are the
Importers' and Triulers* Bank. N. Y., and Ft Dearborn National
Banl., Chicago. Mr. Tucker Is highly esteemed by the community
for hisahlliiy and integrity, unil Is very popular in llnonclal circles,
justly meriting ihc liberal patronage secured in the banking inter
osls of Bultalo.

GEO. ELSHEDIER. Slgnpalnter. No. «ai Washington Street —
As a sign and ornamental painter, Mr Oeorge EUhelnier is. by
general consent, one of the foremost i'.\ponent« of his art m
the city. Being a thoroughly practical man in this line of in
dustrial octivity, of first class ability and originality ot idea*;, he
foundetl this enterprise on bis own account in 1S80, and meeting,
from tbe inception, with popular favor among our leading business
men, he hos since developed a large and prosperous trade, which
is annually increasing. The premises occupied are locct^Ml
on the second floor of the building No. iUW Washington Street,
easy of access and admirably atlapted for tho business. S.'r.
Elsheinier is prepared to execute at the shortest possible nctici-
everything in the line of sign painting, in pictures, emblems, cari
cntures, glass and embossed, gilt and bronzed, script, block, and
ornamental brass, nickel or zinc engraved work; canvas, netting
and wire screen work; and rural odvertislng, board-sign and deail
wall work on railroad, st<"amboat, or highway routes, also at scatJiie
and summer resorts. Mr Elsheimer's facilities for the prompt fulfil
inent ot all orders are un.surpassed, and embrace a force of thor-
oughly skilled and proficient letterers, writers, and general artists in

MRS. ECKARD & SON. North Street Green-house, No. &n
North Street.- This well and favorably known florist's ea-
tablisbmert was originally founde<i in I87S by Mr J. Pickle
mann. to whom the present firm succeede<l in 1889. It is com-
posed of Mrs. Eliz.t Eckard and her son Mr. George Ecknrd, and is
one of the representative and popular firms in the city of Buffalo en
gaged in this line of business. Both partners are florists of experi-
ence and possess an intimate knowledge, not alone of the science of
floriculture, but also of the special requirements and needs of the
local trade. The premises utilized for the purposes of the busine&s are
located at No. 3Ji North Street, on the comer of Peach Street, and
are etmnently adapted for the line of busini>ss to which they are de-
voted. Here are prepare*! elegant an.i artLstic dec<iratlvc emblems
and floral devices, and flowers are regularly provided for weddmgs.
balls, receptions, funerals, etc. In addition a large and carefully
selected stock is nlwoys kept on hand, embracing plants, bouquets,
flowers, baskets, vases, flower-stands, which are also nmde to order
at short notice. The trade is an extensive one and covers the whole
of Buffalo and its vicinity. Since they have been in busmess, Mrs
Eckard and Son have made hosts of friends, owing to their honorable,
liberal business methods.

CA. THEBAUD & SON. Livery. Boarding, and Coach Stable.
Nos l.'ri to 156 Niagara Street.— About the best equipped liv-
, ery, boarding, and coach stable in this section of the city is tliat
conducted by C A.Thebaud&Son.at Nos 15S to 156 Niagara
Street. Itis in all respects a well appointed first clas! establishment-
one of the vary best of the kind in Buffalo, and has a large and desira
ble patronage, both pennanent and transient The stable building Ls
a two-story 60xU'5 structure, with superior accommodations for over
seventy-five horses and a corresponding number of vehicles, besides
eighteen elegant rigs of tbe firm's own. The office is connected by
telephone (No. 1103), and eight experience<l hostlers and drivers are
employed, the proprietors giving close personal attention to every
detail. Fine carrinscs. buggies, and light wagons of every style and
variety are furnished at any hour and for all occasions, at ver>-
reasonable rates, a number of superb coaches being kept tor hire,
while horses are hoarded by the day, week, or month, at moderate
terms. All orders are promptly and reliably attended to. This pros-
perous business was established in Novei:it)er, ISn*;, by J. Dunberger,
who was succeeded about a year ago by the .Messrs Thebaud, under
whose efficient manogenifnt it has since bei'n conducted with in-
crea.sed success. Mr. Thebaud. the elder, was horn at New Brighton.
Staten Islcnd. but has lived here in Buffalo over twenty-two years.
HLs son, C E. Thebaud, is n native of this city. Both are well
known and deservedly esteemed in the community.

ILLUSTRATED

RR. BAXTER, Druggist and Chemist, No. 379 Elk Street.—
One among the well-kmiwu pi>pular druggists and chemists
^ in this ciiy is Mr. R. K. Baxter, whose well kept, ably con-
ducted establishment is at ^o. 379 Elk Street. Mr. Baxter,
although a young man, has had quite a long valuable experience
compounding and dispensing medicines, and previous to embarking
in business for himself in 1879 was employed as prescription clerk
in the store of A. C. Anthony on Seneca Street. He is a careful,
painstaking business man, and it should be said to his credit that he
enjoys the unbounded confidence of all his many customers. His
close personal attention is given to all departments of his business
and every care paid to patrons. The store, which is 2Jx5.5 feet in
area, is handsomely and attractively fitted up, and contains a large
valuable assortment of pure, fresh drugs, chemicals, pharmaceuti-
cals, family medicines, tinctures, tonics, extracts, etc., and also a
splendid stock of rich, elegant perfumes and toilet articles of every
description, sick room supplies, surgical appliances, bandages,
trasses, etc. Prescriptions are compounded and medicines pre-
pared at all hours of the day and night, and all calls receive prompt
response. The patronage is large, and the establishment is known
as one of the best prescription and family drug stores in the first
ward. Mr. Baxter is the sole proprietor and manufacturer of
" Baxter's" Cough Balsam, a splendid remedy, having a wide popu-
larity in this city and throughout the western section of the state.
It is highly endorsed and recommended and is always in demand.
Mr. Baxter is a native Buffalonian and is favorably known through
out the community and sustains a high reputation as an upright
citizen and competent pharmacist.

SHUFELDT BROS., Manufacturers of Choice Fruit Flavoring
Extracts, Etc , No. 153 Main Street.— A representative house
in this city having a wide reputation for the surpassing excel-
lence of its goods, is that of the Shufeldt Bros., located at No.
153 Main Street. The copartners, Mr. F. J. and Mr. H. C. Shufeldt,
commenced operations in a small way in 1885, and by the production
of a superior quahty of pure extracts, soon achieved prominence
and secured a splendid reputation and built up a trade which is
widely diffused throughout the city and all the surrounding sections,
and which is being rapidly pushed through the west where the goods
are appreciated by the dealers and consumers. The firm manu-
facture extracts of all flavors from choice fruit, and do an extensive
business in these commodities, and for the purposes of the business
occupy spacious, commodious premises 20x80 feet, which are well
equipped in every way to facilitate operations. Their business cou-
tinues to grow and increase in volume, and bids fair in the near
future to reach large proportions. One of the firm is continually on
the road, and it should be said to the Messrs. Shufeldt's credit
that the success they have won and enjoy is weU merited.
They are also sole proprietors of Shufeldt's Golden Essence of
Jamaica Ginger, a family remedy for cholera morbus, colic, cramps,
etc. It has become celebrated tor its efficacy, and is endorsed and
recommended by physicians and all who have u.sed it. It is put up
m a neat style and retails at i»c. and .'jno. per bottle according to
size.

GAY & MILSOM, Jobbers in Engineers' SuppUes, Nos. 34 and 30
Washington Street.— Each year in Buffalo sees, new firms
springing into existence, but it is safe to say that none have
started with better prospects of success than that of Gay &
Milsom, jobbers in engineers' supphes. This house was established
in 18-^9 by the present members of the firm, Messrs. L. W. Gay and
E. L Milsom, whose long training in the business of Messrs. Geo. W.
Tifft, Sons, and Company had pecuUarly fitted them for the undertak-
ing. Nor has the result been other than was anticipated. This house
has early achieved an enviable reputation for the superior character
of their stock, and the cai-e given to all orders placed with them,
with the result that theu- trade is rapidly developing upon a firm and
enduring basis. The premises occupied are the entire gromid floor,
30x140 feet in area, at Nos. 34 and 30 Washington Street, and a large
and commodious pipe and iron warehouse at No. 41 Washington
Street, and are kept well fitted with all the numerous and various
articles that go to make up a flrst class stock of engineers' supplies.
Both partners are natives and residents of Buffalo, and are fully con-
versant with everything pertaining to their business They are en-
ergetic, wide awake business men, and thoroughly deserving of the
lih,-ral patronage whi?h has been given them since the start. Both

are personally very popular in social and business circles, and are to
be congratulated on their marked success. Any one in want of
goods in their Une will be amply repaid by making a visit to their

WILLIAM HEISER, Practical Machinist, Nos. 114 and 116
CImton Street.— In the front ra nk of this city's practical
machinists prominently stands Mr. William Heiser, whose
reputation for skill and ability is widely known. The re-
sponsible house which he controls and directs was established in
April, 1S65, by Messrs Barth & Heiser, in premises located on CImton
Street In 1868 the firm was dissolved, and Mr. Heiser continued the
business, removing to the spacious and commodious premises he now
occupies at Nos. 114 and 116 on the same busy thoroughfare. These
comprise the entire first floor of a substantial brick structure, 25x110
feet in dimensions, supplied with ample steam power and completely
equipped with the finest machinery and the most superior facihties for
insuring rapid and effective work. A general line of machine and
smith work is executed, and from eight to twelve skilled hands are
steadily employed the year round. General jobbing, blacksmithing,
and repairing is done, also all kinds of stationary and mill work,
millwright work, iron and brass finishing, the repairing of steam-
engines or any of their component parts. Mr. Heiser is also the
patentee and manufacturer of sundry articles of which he makes a
specialty, and for which there is a permanent demand. A practical
machinist, he devotes his personal supervision to all work, thus in-
suring to his numerous patrons entire satisfaction in all cases. His
charges are invariably moderate, and estimates for all classes of
work are furnished on application. He is a Buffalonian by birth, and
is considered a progressive and hberal minded citizen. He is a promi-
nent mem'oer of the different local societies, and is emmently popular
with all who have deaUngs with him.

HE. WINKELMAN, Tin and Sheet Iron Works, No. 649 Clin-
ton Street.— One of the leading hardware and tinsmithing
concerns in this quarter of the city is that founded by the
late Mr. H. E. Winkelman in 1879, the control of which
since his decease, some two years ago, has lain in the hands of his
widow. The premises are centrally and eUgibly located at No. 649
CMnton Street, and comprise a two story frame building at that ad-
dress, coverin.g an area of 25x125 feet. The salesroom is well stocked
with the latest improved cooking and heating stoves in many pat-
terns and designs, hardware of every description, carpenters' and
other mechanics' tools, cutlery and all kmds of hollow and tin ware.
The shop is equipped with every facility and convenience for tin-
smithing, and a number of workmen are employed in making uten-
sils both for the trade and for private customere. This house also
does a large amount of tin roofing and spouting in the city and
vicinity, and repairing of all kinds is promptly attended to. Mrs.
Winkelman is a native of Buffalo, a lady of pleasing address and
energetic busmess habits, who has ably succeeded in maintaining
that popularity for the house which was so liberally accorded it
during her lamented husband's lifetime.

D EDWARD METZGER, Architect, No. 4R White Building.— In
the growth and development of ever.v community, it is a
J marked feature that as wealth, refinement, and education
increase, a demand arises for splendid public and private
d welUngs, which embellish and beautify our land. In connection with
these remarks, we call the attention of our readers to a gentleman
well known in this city as a rising and successful architect. Mr. D. Ed-
ward Metzger, whose handsome office is located at No. 48 White Build-
ing. He embarked in the profession on his own account January 1st,
1890, after a five years' managerial experience in the office of his
brother, Geo. I. Metzger, one of the most prominent architects of the
city, and he has already received a hberal share of patronage, owing
to the beauty and originality of his designs, evidences of which are
discernible in the residences of Mr. E. M. Wilhehn, John Miller, B. P.
Schwartz, Mrs. Burnett, and others. Mr. Metzger, in fact, is fully
prepared with all the necessary facilities to execute or carry out any
architectural undertakmg, not only promptly, but with that intelli-
gent comprehension of design which has already made his efforts
so highly appreciated. He will be found to be prompt, liberal, and
enterprising, always solicitous for the interests of bis patrons, and
always prepared to offer advantages in keeping with his high reputa.

ILLUSTRATED

THE QUEEN
CITY OF THE UAKES.

WF. BILLTNOS, Ladles' Straw Huts, Nos II and 13 East
Mobawk Street.— One of the most reliable manuractur-
ere of all grades of straw booneis oud hate for ladies',
misses,' and cluldrcn, is Mr. W. F. Billings, whose com-
modious factory occupies tbo second and tlUrd floors of the biiildinE,
Nos. 1 1 and !8 K«st Mohawlc Street. Tliis enterprise was originally
established many years ayo by a Mr. Field, who In turn was suc-
ceeded by a Sir. Bannister, the immediate predecessor of the present
proprietor who assumed its cx)otroI and management in August l.-WS,
The business under Mr. Billintrs' management increase*! so rapidly
that he was soon compelled to seek more commodious (juarters. The
premises have bwn siKVially arrant; ed with reference to the important
branch of manufacture which is hero being carric<l on; are equipped
with adequate steam power, while from twenty five to thirty skilled
operatives are employed, and mony labor saving machines for plait-
ing, sowing, and moulding, are in constant use. The material used
varies in accordance with the uses and purposes U> which the com-
pl,?ted articles are to be respectively put. and many of the finest
qualities of straws are utilized. The latest nnd most fashionable
styles are closely and accurately followed, nnd the goods are undis-
tin;;uishable In every respect from the same grades of articles made
by the most celebrated factories. Mr. Billings is competing success-
fully with European manufacturers. Having been in the busines.s
since boyhood, he is practically acquainted with its every detail, and
the product of his house meets with a ready sale among the jobbers
and ivholesolers of this section. He is a native of Massachusetts, and
prior to locating Id Buffalo was for si.'c yeors favorably idenlifled
witli this industry in the State Capital.

JOHN P. ZENN'EK, Notary Public and Insurance Agent. Com-
missioner of Deeds ond Real-estate Broker: OBlce, No. 03i
Genesee Street.— There are no interests approaching in im-
portance those represented by real estate and fire Insm-ance,
as the safety of the entire business world depends upon these two
factors for permanence and stability. A leading real estate and in-
surance agent in Buffalo is Mr. John P. Zenner, who has been a notary
public and commissioner of deeds for the past ten years, and whoso
headquarters are eligibly located at No. 98J Genesee Street. Mr.
Zenner is a native of Buffalo, familiarly as well as favorably known
throughout the community, ond he has ever been active in promot-
ing the development of the best interests of the Queen City of the
Ijikes. Since he established business in 1S,S0, he has developed a
large, influential patronage among leading business men and capi-
talists of the city, and ho has successfully engineered many impor-
tant transactions in his line. Mr. Zenner carries on general opera-
tions as a real estate broker, buying and selling improved and
unimproved property, making tax and title searches, collecting
rents, negotiating loans and mortgages, and assuming theeniirc
charge of properties. As a fire insurance agent he represents the
following influential and responsible companie_s: Sun Fire Office
Company of London, England; Peimsylvania Fire Ins. Co.. of Phila-
delphia; Niagara Fire Ins. Co., of New York City; and the Buffalo-
German Ins. Co., of Buffalo. Policies are issued to any amount
upon the lowest rates of premiums, and all losses that occur are
promptly and satisfactorily settled.

NATHANIEL HALL & SON, General Insurane Agency, Hayen
Building.— This agency was originally established by Edward
Brewster in 1850, who was succeeded by Brewster & Hall
in 1K50, to whom subsequently succeeded Messi*s. Rounds
& Hall, the existing Arm, consisting of Messrs. Nathaniel and
Edword A. Hall, his son. a-ssuming the control of its affairs in IRSC.
They are recognize 1 as among Buffalo's most active and enterprising
underwriters, whose widespread connections include very many of
our leading commercial houses and largest property owners. They
control the insuring of a superior line of business and residential
property in this city and vicinity; ako stocks of merchandise, grain,
hulls and cargoes, ottering satisfactory terms and thorough security
in all cases. As representatives of Are insurance interests they are
•agents for the following flrst-class companies: Springfield F. & M. of
M:iss., German-American, Pacific Fire of New York; National Fire,
Connecticut Fire and Meriden Fire of Connecticut; Fireman's Fund
Insurance Co. Cof California), eastern department at Boston; Fire
Associition of Philadelphia: Buffalo German, and likewise the Trav-
elers' (Life and Accident Insurance Co.) of Hartford, Connecticut.
In such directions Messrs. Nathaniel Hall & Son can be relied upon

to place before applicants the best forms of policy adapted lo their
wants, in auy or all of the foreKuing groat insurance corporations.
They are prominent and active nierabcrs of the Underwriters' Asso-
ciation, ond rank among the le aders in their particular line.

WM. F. BORCHAKD, Dealer in Fresh, Salt, and Smoked
Meats, Lord, Sausages, Etc., No. 2J7 Massachusetts Street.
Comer Thirteenth.— One of the most popularly known
of the successful houses engaged In the meat purveying
industry in this city is thot of Mr. Wm. F. Borchard, whose market
is located at No. 247 Mos-sachusetta Street, corner Thirteenth Street.
Mr. Borchord has been established for the past six years, during
which period he has, by his unifoiiu courteous treatment of cus-
tomers and by handling none but superior merchandise, acquired a
splendid reputation and built up a large, first-cla-ss trade through-
out the city and its vicinity. He keeps In constant use two delivery
wagons, employs three assistants, and every week disposes an aver-
age of IG cattle, 40 lambs, 1000 pounds of smoked meat, and KK)
pounds of sausage. The store occupied is neatly and tastefully
fitted up, contains a handsome polished onk ice-chest, which holds
three Ions, and every appliance and convenience is at hand to pro-
mote the rapid nianipulati'm of business. A large, superior stock is
at oil times corried of fresh, salt, and smoked meats of all kinds,
lards, sausages, etc., nnd a driving trade is supplied. Having a first-
class store, with every facility f'.r supplying his patrons promptly
and satisfactorily, and possessing the confidence of the community
in the highest degree, his large and iiiBuential trade has followed as
a natural result.

JOHN HEPP, Denier in Fresh. Salt, nnd Smoked Meats, Dried
Beef. Pork. Lard, Etc., Corner North Division and Spring
Streets. — For over twent.v-two years John Hepp. the well-
known butcher corner North Division and Spring Streets, has
been established iji business, and during the entire period he has
enjoyed a well deserved reputation alike for prime goods ond square
dealing. He deals in choice quality fresh, salt, ond smoked meats,
killing only the very best stock, and selling nothing but a strictly
reliable, flrst-class article. Exceptionally low in his prices, court-
eous and attentive to customers, ond withal o man of energy and
excellent business ability, his trade has been steadily increasing year
by year, and his pationoge is select as well as substantial. The
market, which is in all resi)ects one of the foremost and finest in
this section of the city, is 30x130 feet in size, has ample and complete
facilities, and is admirably kept, neat, and well equipped throughout.
A very large and fine stock Is always kept on hand here, including
fresh beef, mutton, lamb, veal, and pork, coi-ned and dried beef,
poultry and game in season, counlry sausoges. and bologna, hams,
bacon, lard, etc., sau.sages being a speciolty. Three or four efficient
a.ssistants are employed, and two wagons are engaged in delivering
goods to patrons all over the city. 5Ir. Hepp, who is an active
member of the Siingerbund. is a gentleman of pleasing manners,
and a Bavarian by birth, but has been a respected resident of Buffalo
nearly a quarter of a century.

ALBERT RIEFEL. Wall Paper, Etc., No. 750 Broadway.-
Among the active, enterprising business men in this city
who have recently become favorably identified with the trade
of interior decoraliim ranks Mr. Albert Riefel of No. 750
Broadway. Jlr. Riefel was born in Canada in IS.'iS, but has resided
in Buffalo since early childhoo<l, and though comparatively speak-
ing a young man. he has had a wide range of experience in the
business and is thoroughly conversant with its every detail. Desir-
ous of embarking in business on his own account, heestoblished this
enterprise in September, 18S9. and from the start his esloblishmcnt
has been the centre of a flrst-class Irude, which is daily increasing to
greater proportions. His store is of ample dimensions, compactly
arranged and neatly appointed. It contains o lorge and carefully
selected assortment of fine gold nnd highly finished wall-papers,
also curtains, drapi-ries. oil-cloths, paints, oils, brushes. gln.ss, nnd
kindred supplies. Mr. Riefel is likewise prepared to do nil kinds of
interior decorating, such as paper-hanging, and tt sp>-cialty is made
of fresco nnd all kinds of high art work. He employs some half
dozen flrst-cla-ss workmen, whose operations ore all conducted under
his immediate supervision, and estimates are furnished and con
tracts executed promptly, in the mo-st satisfactory manner and ni
lowest prices.

ILLUSTRATED

15G

^^SllFFALOJC

SCHAUKOTH & WOHLERS, Successors to Delitscli, Schauroth
& Co., Manutactuieis of Boots and Shoes, Nos. 850 to 256 Pearl
Street, Corner Court.— The represeiiiative and largest house
in Buffalo engaged in the manufacture of boots and shoes is
that of Messi-s. Schauroih & Wolilers, whose factory and offices are
located at Nos. 250 to 35G Pearl Street. This business was established
in 1866 by B. Delitsch, who was succeeded in 18S6 by Delitsch, Schau-
roth & Co. In April, 1890, Messrs. Udo V. Schauroth and Peter
Wohlei-s assumed the management. Both partners are thoroughly
practical and expert shoe manufacturers, are fully acquainted with
every detail and feature of this useful industry, and with the require-
ments ot dealers, jobbers, and the general public. The premi-es
occupied comprise four spacious floors each 52.\-110 feet in area, fully
equipped witli the latest improved machinery, tools and appliances.
Here 135 skilled operators are employed, and the machinery is
driven by a twenty -six horse-power steam engine. The firm manu-
facture men's, boys', and youth's, ladies', misses', and children's
boots and shoes. Only the best leather and findings are utilized,
and the firm's shoes are made not only to sell, but to wear, and at
the same time to satisfy and please the wearer. In fact their goods
have no superiors as regards quality, finish, durability, and work-
manship, while their prices in all cases necessarily attract the atten-
tion of close and caieful buyers. The capacity of the factory is
150 dozen pairs ot boots and shoes weekly. The firm employ nine
travelling salesmen, and their trade extends from western New
York to Idaho. Both partners were born in Germany, but Mr.
Schauroth has resided in Buffalo eleven and Mr. Wohlers twenty-
five years. They are highly esteemed in business circles for their
skiU and just methods, and have built; up a patronage alike credit-
able to their energy and industry.

EMPIRE BREWING COMPANY, Nos. 817 to 625 Main Street,
and Nos. 81S to 823 Washington Street.— The Empire Brewing
Company has achieved an enviable reputation for the superi-
ority of its product, a pure, wholesome, and delicious malt
beverage, whose consumption is annually enlarging at a rapid ratio.
The Empire Brewery was founded m 1856 by Mr. Charles A. Gerber.
who successfully conducted a brewing business for upwards of thirty-
six years. In 1886 the present company was organized with a paid up
capital of $175,000. and facilities at command of the most satisfactory
and complete character. The premises are very extensive and have
an excellent location, fronting on Main Street for 100 feet, on Wash-
ington Street for 100 feet, and on Burton Street for 200 feet. The
buildings are all of a substantial character, two and three stories in
height, and including malt house, brewery, ice house, etc. The brew-
ery has a capacity of 25,000 barrels per annum, and they also manu-
facture theu- own malt, having two spacious maltmg floors, two kilns,
mill, etc., with a capacity of 40,000 bushels per annum. The brewery
outfit includes a splendid fifty ton ice machine, put in in 1890, while
the boilers, engine pumps, etc., are of the most perfect character.
The company has the benefit of Mr. John A . Werich as manager, a
master brewer of the most marked ability and soundest judgment.
The barley used for malt is the choicest Canadian, while all the pro-
cesses are of the most approved, scientific character. The lager
beer brewed here is of the most perfect character. The company
has extensive cellarage, which holds fully 20.000 barrels for a suffi-
cient time to be the best fully aged lager. The company commands
a very extensive and important trade, not only with the best bars and
hotels of Buffalo, but all over western New York. The management
of this company reflects the highest cre<lit upon the directorate,
which is composed of representative business men, and the success
attending their ably directed efforts is well deserved, and places the
■ in the front rank of the American brewery interests.

CJ. KEEHL, Dealer in Dry Goods, Notions, Gents' Furnishing
Goods, Hats, Caps, Etc., No. 1530 Main Street, Corner Ferry.
— A prominent, popular, and reliable house identified with
the dry and fancy goods trade and one deserving of special
mention is that of Mr. C. J. Krehl (successor to Mr. William Becker),
located at No. 1530 Main Street. This enterprise was founded by
Mr. Becker some years ago, and was conducted successfully by him
until the summer of 1890, when he disposed of it to the present pro-
prietor. Mr. Krehl is a German by birth, but has resided in this city
the greater portion of his life. He commenced his careerin thisline

of trade as a cash b..y in the well-known dry noods house of Messrs.
Barnes, Hengerer & Co., with whom he remained for sixteen years,
and was in charge of one of its most important departments when
he resigned to take charge of his present concern, which, under his
eutei'prising management, is becoming one of the most popular
shopping resorts m this section of the city. His store is commodi-
ous, handsomely appointed, and provided with every convenience
for the display of his large and valuable assortment of goods. The
stock embraces the latest styles in fine dress fabrics, such as
velvets, plushes, cloths, cashmeres, mohairs, worsteds; also wash
fabrics, domestics, bedding materials, linens for household and per-
sonal use, muslins, calicoes, etc. He also carries a fine line of shawls,
cloaks, sacques, wraps. Jerseys, etc , and his stock of fancy goods
embraces everything of foreign and domestic production in dress
and millmery trimmings, feathers, braids, laces, etc., besides an
endless variety of small wares, notions, etc. These goods have been
carefully selected for a first-class trade, and are unsurpassed in
quality and newness in styles, while the prices are very reasonable.
A leading specialty is made of gents' furnishing goods and hats and
caps. A large assortment of everything fashionable and novel in
these lines is always carried on hand, from which all tastes may
make suitable selections. Mr. Krehl is a pleasant, courteous, and
popular young man. highly esteemed in social and trade circles.

COOPER & HALLOCK, Dealers in Horses, Office No. 43 Lewis
Street.— This business was established so recently as August
1, 1890, by Messrs. J. S. Cooper and J. M. Hallock. Both part-
ners have had long experience in handling horses of all
grades, and are considered authorities on the values of the noble
animal. Mr. Cooper has the largest auction sales barns in Chicago,
at the Union Stock Yards, and also another barn on Michigan
Avenue. He has the street cleaning contract for Chicago, wher-e he
employs 300 horses. Mr. Cooper also owns a town in Dakota, a
mine in Idaho, and is one of Chicago's enterprising and wealthy citi-
zens. The firm's business in Buffalo is controlled by Mr. Hallock,
while the Chicago trade is under the able management of Mr.
Cooper, The premises occupied in Buffalo comprise a spacious two-
story barn on Louis Street, 50x300 feet in area, which has ample
accommodations for 300 horses. The firm handle horses on com-
mission, and promptly make advances on consignments of first-class
stock, guaranteeing at all times prompt sales and immediate returns.
All communications by mail or telegraph are promptly attended to,
and dealers, street car companies, and others will find this the best
place in Buffalo to purchase horses. Mr. Hallock was for one year
a member of the firm of " Kelver & Hallock." He is well known in
business circles for his strict integrity and sterling personal worth,
and those civing their orders to him will find their interests carefully
and judiciously guarded.

RB. GROVER & CO., Fine Shoe Makers, No. 248 Main Street.
A. 6. Richardson. Manager. — Every one has heard ot the
famous " Emerson" shoe, many have worn them.- and if
they have, still do so; yet to but a few is the individuahty
of the members of the firm known, as they have always placed their
goods before the public on their intrinsic merit and value. The con
cem, which makes a specialty of supplying the pubhc with the most
comfortable foot-gear yet placed before it, is probably the largest
and most nfluential in its Une in the entire country, and is known as
Messrs. R. B. Grover & Company, having its headquarters at Brock
ton, Mass., and branch stores in almost every city of the Union. Two
years ago Messrs. R. B. Grover, C- O. Emerson, and J. F Hill, all ex-
perienced shoe manufacturers, consolidated their several establish
ments imder the above name, and in November, 1889, opened their
Buffalo branch store at No. 248 Mam Street, opposite the Academy
of Music, under the able management of Idr. A. G. Richardson. The
store occupied at this location is 20x80 feet in dimensions, hand-
somely furnished, and fitted up with all the necessary conveniences
for the prosecution of the business. A large, well-selected, and first-
class stock, exclusively composed of the products ot their famous
establishment, is constantly on hand. Tiie prices charged are re-
markably moderate, and orders are filled with great promptness.
Mr. Richardson, the manager, has had thirty-three years' experience
in the shoe trade, is a native of Wyoming County, this state, but haa
been a resident of Buffalo for twenty-four years.

ILLUSTRATED

THE ClUEEN
CITY or THE LAKBSj

ADAM r.LSAKSSKK. Kiup Art Slon-, No. 'iTi lli>iu'siH> Street.—
A pix)iiiinwit lious«> (IfVotiHl to the suili- of goods comprised
iiiuli-r the titiB of the lliir nris is tliiil of Mr. Adam Elsiicsscr,
N... *.><! Gfiieiw*- Stiitl, near MioliiKan. This enterprise »vna
iriKiiiiilly e»liH)lislied at No. 443 on tills tlioroui;lifure in ISfiO. re
moval being sliortly afterwards made to llie morn commodious
quarters now occupit-d. 'I'liese premises consist of a neat and
handsomely ap|K>inted store « illi sliop iu rear, and tlie sloclt ciirri.-il
is of the most recherch6 eharucter, comprising flne elclilngs by the
most celebrated artists, engravings, pasiels. water coloi-s. and |>holo-
engravings or photogravures of Ihe most celebrated of the produc-
tions of eminent paintei-s of both the modem and old scliools. and
wliich are imported direct froni the leading establishments of Lon-
don, Berlin, and Paii-i. .>Ir. Elsaesser, who is a native of Germany.
HOW a resident iu UulTalo for the past seventeen years, is a practical
e.t|)oneut and connoisseur of the line arLs. .\ specially with Mr.
i:isaes.ser is the poitrait business u hich has been a personal study
for yeai-s past, and many hundreds of pictures of the most pop-
ular residents of Buffalo and vicinity came through Ihe well-lvnown
studio of Mr. A. Elsaesser. Pastels and oil portraits from life are
(he latest of Mr. Elsaesser's undertakings, while with regard to
prices the reputation of this establishment is well known as one of
the cheapest emporiums in the city at which to obtain this class of
fliie-art works. Mr. EIsaes.ser has brought to bear on his enter-
prise sound judgment, tact, and energy, backed by experience and
self-earnetl capital, which advantages have enabled him to attend
to the wants and demands of a highly critical trade, and he stands
U>-day as one of the foremost in the art business, with a large futui-e,
ns be i-! only a young man comparatively.

MME E. M. MASON, Fine Mdlinery, No. SU Main Street.-Onc
of the leading fashionable millinery establishments on Main
Street is that of Mme. E. M. Mason. The store is taste-
ful in its appointments and attractive in appearance. Mme.
.Mason is a Indy of mo.st excellent judgment and exquisite taste
and has brought together in her estabUshment a splendid assortment
<if goods which cannot fail to pleasi- the critical and the fastidious.
The very newest styles and designs iu London. Parisian, and New
York millinery may always be obtained here, and also everything in
the line of silks, satins, velvets, laces, plumes, artificial flowers, etc.
There is also a great variety of trimmed hats and bonnets displayed,
which are perfectly lovely to look upon, handsome in style and ex-
ceedingly rich in trimmings and the blending of colors in their make
up. Uats and bonnets are made and trimmed at the shortest notice,
and every attention is paid to patrons. Popular prices prevail and a
tine bu-siness ii done, among the patrons being many of the leading
famiUes in the city. Mme. Mason, who is from Hartford, Conn.,
wa-s for a period of three years in business in the Y. M. C. A. building,
and several months ago removed to her present store, where she has
put in a new stock of goods. She is highly spoken of and com-
mend'd by all who have had business dealings with her. All the new
styles as soon as brought out in New York will always be found in
her establishment, and she is recognized as one of the leaders among
the most fashionable milliners in the city.

EI.I T. HOSMER, Pharmacist, Nos. 232 and 284 AMen Street.-A
decidedly popular and prosperous house among the leading
pharmacies in tlie city, and one enjoying a high reputation for
pure goods and honorable business methods is that of Mr. E.
T Hosmer. Nos. 23.* and 234 Allen Street. Mr Hosmer is a native of
Batavia, this state, and has been a resident of this city several years.
He inaugurated this enterprise several years ago two doors below his
p-esent address. In order to meet the increasing demands of his
Iiatrons with better facilities, he erected the store he now occupies in
1*® It is commodious, compactly arranged and handsomely fltteil
up in antique oak, beveled plate glass show-cases, magnificent
mirrors, etc.. among the equipments b<-ing an elegant soda water
fountain, from which the choicest fruit synips are dispensed. Then?
is a spea'a] department for the accurate compoumling of physicians'
prescriptions and family receipes. and this is done at all hours.
Everything in the line of drugs, chemicals, extracts, tinctures, and
pharmaceutical compounds, proprietaiT remedies, mineral waters,
novelties in toilet articles, perfumery, phvsicians' and surgeons' re-
quisites druggists' sundries, etc., is to he found hereat lowest prices.
A special production of the hou.se is Hosmer's Benzoine Cream for

Ibo skin, chapped linnils and face, sunburiiH, etc., also Dr. I.uh-..1ii ,
cough syrui), both of which an- pronounced to be the very bunt arti
cles of the kind iu the market. Order and system prevail, and pollt.-
and iub-lligent assistants sene patrons promptly. The cigar depart
meut Is separate from the drug store, and smokers can always find
there the best assortment procurable. Mr. Hosmer is a gentleman
of culture, retlnement. and the highest Integrity, and an iniluenlUil
member of the Erie Country Pharmaceutical Association.

HR. McMtCHAEL, D.D.S.. Corner Main and Ferry Streets
One of Uie most popuhir and best patronized in his pro
, tession is Doctor McMichael, dentist, whose apartment.-,
arc located at the corner of Main and Ferry Street*. He
has been a resident here for some years. After long practical experi
encc, he inaugurated this establishment in 18KT, and has since se
cured a liberal acd permanent patronage from among our mot>t re-
fined and distinguished citizens. His rooms and office comprise an
elegantly furnished reception room, and an operating room with la-
boratory atiached. iu which are the latest improved appliances and
devices known to the profession. Anaesthetics are employed when
necessary for the painless extraction and filling of sensitive patients'
teeth. Great care is bestowed upon the fllliog of teeth n 1th gold,
silver, and reliable composition, and also in crown and bridge work,
as well as in filling, cleaning, and removing extraneous deposits on
natural teeth. Artificial teeth are made either singly or in sets on
gold, silver, or vidcauized rubber bases, and are gems of artistic ap-
pearance. Thorough satisfaction is guaranteed in every case.
Doctor McMicbael is a graduate of Philadelphia Dental College, and
a brother of Doctor McMichael, the famous cancer specialist. He
was born in Canada, and is a young. talente<I, popular gentleman.

FISHER & KORN. Manufacturers of Carriages, Wagons, Sleighs.
Etc.. No. Ill Clinton Street.— This bouse was foimded In 168S
by Messrs. John C Fisher and Bernard Korn, and in 1887 the
present commodious premises were erected. These latter
comprise an entire three story -brick structure 2.')X<'0 feet in dimen-
sions, thoroughly equipped with all the most modern tools, appli
ances, and devices for the successful carrjing on of the large busi-
ne.ss transacted. From eight to twelve experienced, practical work-
men are employed, and only vehicles of the most approved pattern
are turned out, such as carriages and buggies, light and heavy
wagons and trucks, etc. The finest materials only are used, special
care being given to this feature by the partners themselves. From
fifteen to twenty-five vehicles are annually built, and the trade of the
bouse is not so remarkable for its extent as for the superiority and
excellence of its products. All kinds of repairs are promptly attended
to. and good and satisfactory work is in every case guaranteed. The
prices charged are moderate, and the house is noted for the liberality
of its dealings with its patrons. Mr. Fisher was born in Buffalo. He
is a woodworker by trade, and a practical man in all relating to that
line of work. Mr. Korn is a native of Germany, and has resided in
America .some nineteen years He is an ironsmith by trade, and h.xs
no sui>erior in hLs calling. Both are highly resjjected. and esteemed
by all who have dealings with them.

SH. KNOX, Wholesale and Retail Five and Ten Cent Goods.
Speciali ies. Etc., No. 409 Main Street. —This tou.se is but one
, of a syndicate of similar c.=tablishments In various cities of
this and adjoining states, and is the headquarters of the con-
trolling .spirit and active manager of the system. This branch was
established in 1SS8 by Messrs. Woolworth & Knox, the latter becom-
ing sole proprietor in .January. IHK). The premises occupied are
located at No. 400 Main .Street, and comprise a handsomely fltted-np
store. 20x125 feet in dimensions, equipped throughout with all modern
conveniences for the rapid handling and proper displa}' of the innu-
merable articles which form the large and well assorted stock carried
It is lighted by electricity, andca.Bh-railwaysareu.sed.80thatnodelay
is experienced in filling orders and making change. The trade done
is a very largi- one. the spa"ious store being constantly thronged with
well plea.se<l patrons, who can here secure for the nominal sum of five
or ten cents goods worth in many coses several times these amounts.
He employs twelve efficient assistant,s. and by his push and enterprise
has built up a trade which is growing steadily every day. He Is a
native of St Ijiwrence Co . this state, and is extremely popular with
all who have dealings with him.

ILLUSTRATED

158

^^BlJFFALOjkC

GLAUBEE & HUNKEMOELLER, Wholesale Grocers, No. 514
Broadway.— This firm, composed of Messrs. Henry J. Glauber
and Henry Huiikeraoeller, established their business in 1886
at Nos. 578, 5S0, and 582 on the same busy thoroughfare, and
from the start became recognized leaders in the line of commerce
to which they had applied their energies. So successful were they,
and such was the liberal patronage accorded them, that in 1890 it
was dtemed advisable for the more convenient transaction of their
large business to remove it to more spacious and centrally located
premises. In March, 1890, removal was therefore made to the ele-
gant and substantial brick structure, the property of the firm,
where they are now domiciled. These pi-emises comprise the entire
building, three floors and basement, each having an area of 60.\100
feet. They are very complete and commodious, and are admirably
equipped with every appliance and convenience for the efficient
handling of the immense stock carried and its proper and attractive
display. The facilities of the house are perfect and their resources
ample, thereby enabling them to place these fine goods before their
patrons at prices such as no other house can duplicate. The trade
is a very extensive one, and covers the whole of western New York
and Pennsylvania. In the retail department five efficient and
courteous assistants attend upon customers, and all orders are filled
with promptness and <lelivered to any part of ihecity free of charge.
Mr. Glauber is a native of Buffalo, while Mr. Hmikemoeller was
bom in Germany and has been a resident of this city for some
eighteen years. They are enterprising, progressive, and vigorous
young business men. and justly merit the success which has attended
their well directed efforts.

LP. KIRCHMYER, Manufacturer and Dealer in Ti-unks and
Travelling Goods in General, No. 308 Main Street.— For
twenty-two years Mr.-L. P. Kirchmyer, the well known
manufacturer and dealer in trunks and travelling goods in
general, has been established in business, and for twenty-one years
he lias occupied the same premises as he does now, at No. 308 Main
Street, corner of Erie Street. For this same period of twenty-one
years also has Mr. Henry C. Miller, the able and efficient man-
ager of the business, and one does not know which to admire
most in this age of continual change, the conservatism of the
house which for so long a period of time has seen no necessity to
change the head of its management, or the persevering industry
which has rendered the employee as essential a feature of the estab-
lishment almost as the owner himself. The store and shop occupied
are extensive, being 20x90 feet in dimensions, thus giving a good
area of floor space, but not more than is required for this flourishing
business. Besides handling the wares of some of the best known
American and foreign trunk houses, Mr. Kirchmyer manufactures a
special line of trunks which are specially prized and sought after for
their durability, size, and hghtness by commercial travellers and
members of the threatrical profession. Full lines of trunks, bags,
valises, satchels, shawl and rug straps are also manufactured and
kept constantly in stock, and the most substantial Inducements are
offered both in price and quality. Mr. Kirchmyer was bom in
Baden, Germany, 19 years ago, but has been a resident of this city
since 1S16. He has from the start been a successful business man,
and has built up a large trade which extends far beyond the limits
of Buffalo. He is personally very popular and held in high esteem
for his superior business qualities and integrity.

LOVELL MANUFACTURING CO., Limited, No. 208 E. Genesee
Street, W. H. Markham, Manager.— In the various branches
of mercantile enterprise there are none that are more useful
to those of the public in moderate circumstances than what
are generally known as "instalment houses." A well and favorably
known instalment organization, having headquarters at Erie, Penn-
.sylvania, and representation in the principal cities of the Union, is
entitled the Lovell Manufacturing Company. This corporation has
had a branch establishment at Buffalo for the past eight years, Mr.
W. H. Markham being recently appointed to its superintendency, the
scope of his operations covering the territory of Buffalo, Niagara
Falls, and Tonawanda. He occupies a commodious store at No. 208
East Genesee Street, giving ample accommodation for the manipu-
lation and display of the varied lines of goods carried and the gen
«'ral advantageous prosecution of the business. The stock embraces

roU-up spring beds, the Puiitan. Niagara, and Dauntless clothes
wringers, the Hammoquette reclining chair, also parlor, mantel,
and office clocks, family bibles, photograph albums, Smyma rugs,
oriental scarfs, etc. These goods have no superiors in the market,
and are sold for cash or upon such a system of mstalments that
there is no reason in the world why any cue receiving the most
moderate salary should not have a fully and comfortably equipped
home. Mr. Markham is a native of Starke County, Ohio, and prior
to engaging with this company was the business manager of the
"Evening Sun " of Detroit.

FOX OPTICAL COMPANY, No. 461 Main Street.— The con-
stantly growing demand for the productions of this firm soon
rendered the establi>hment of branches in the larger cities-
imperative, and one was opened in 1888 at No. 624 Penn Av-
enue, Pittsburgh, Pa., and one in JIareh, 1890, at No. 461 Main Street,
Buffalo. The premises occupied in this city consist of an elegantly
appointed and handsomely fitted up store and salesroom, with a
workshop in the rear, having an area of 20x100 feet, and fully
equipped with all the finest tools and appliances designed for use in
the optician's art. The power is supplied by electricity, and there is
no more perfectly fitted workshop in the entire city of Buffalo. Mr.
Fox has also given his personal attention to it, thus affording to our
citizens an opportunity of testing his profound knowledge and scien-
tific methods of dealing with optical matters. Oculists' prescriptions
are carefully and accurately filled, lenses are manufactured and
ground, and glasses of appropriate power are made and fitted to all
eyes. All orders for spectacles, eye-glasses, and other such goods
are promptly executed at low prices. Seven expert assistants are
employed, and satisfaction is guaranteed in every case. Although in
business here but a few months, a large trade has been secured and
the patronage is of the highest order, facts which speak volumes for
the quality of the goods handled and the ability and skill displayed.

AHAEFNER, Engravings and Pictm-e Frames, Books, Albums,
Pocketbooks, Statues, Wax Candles, Religious Goods. Tissue
^ Paper, Artificial Leaves, Etc., No 82 East Genesee Street —
A prominent house in Buffalo engaged in the manufacture
of picture frames and general moulding work, etc., is that of Miss
Annie Haefner, whose store and workshop are located at No. 3*
East Genesee Street. This business was established in 18.50 by her
father. Mr. Haefner, who was a native of Germany. He came to this
city in 1845. and conducted the business until his death, which oc-
curred September 15, 1889, to the great regret of all who bad the
pleasure of his acquaintance. The business has since been ably con-
ducted by his daughter, the present proprietress. This house manu-
factures pictm-e frames in white, ornamented and haj'd wood mould-
ings. Pictures are framed in the latest styles at short notice and
lowest prices. Here is a large and complete assortment of books,
albums, pocketbooks, statues, wax candles, tissue paper, artificial
leaves, etc., while the specialty of the house is religious Catholic
prayerbooks, crucifixes, pictures, etc. All goods are guaranteed to
be as represented and exceptional facilities are possessed for filling
all orders. Miss Haefner is highly esteemed for her many excellent
quaUties and strict integrity.

BH. KING & SON, Jewelers and Importers of Novelties, No.
452 Main Street —This extensive and flourishing house was
^ established in 1849 by Mr. B. H. King, who in 1885 admitted
into partnership his son, Mr. A. B. King. The store is a
very elegant one, and contains watches of the finest kinds in gold
and silver of the best American and foreign manufacturers, jewelrj-
of the latest designs and selected with cultivated taste and a view to
beauty and utility. Diamonds of the purest water, and other precious
stones, mounted in the most unique and latest styles, comprise a
valuable stock which cannot fail to satisfy every taste and supply
every need at the lowest possible prices, and warranted as repre-
sented in every particular. In the department of silver and plated
ware a very extensive and beautiful assortment, bearing the brands
of the most eminent and reliable makers in the world, is always on
hand. This firm employs in their repair department some of the
best watchmakei-s in the country. Mr. B. H. King is a native of
Germany and has resided in the United States for near-ly half .t
century, while Mr. A. B. King was born in this city.

ILLUSTRATED

*v8vffaloj^

W.\. DOBINSOS, Hardware, Stoves, Etc., No. r,3S NlnKiirn
Street.— In few l)mm:hea or tnule lias tlio march of
proRress wrouKlit sueli a veritable revolution of late
years in this country us iu the stove uiid kindred lines
of liiisiiiess. What with invention, improvement, and the develop-
ment of skill. sometUin); closely akin to perfection has l>cen reiwhed
in this department of industrial activity. .\ popular and prosperous
estalilishnient iu this lino in the tonth ward of the city is that of Mr.
W. A. Dobinson, dealer in stoves, rauKes, house furnishing hard-
ware, etc., and manufacturer of sheet metal goods, No. 533 Niagara
Street, than whom none engaged in the business In and around Buf-
falo has been mort^ fortunate in establishing and maintaining a
high reputation, both as to the sujieriority of the goods made and
handled and the excellence of the work executed. This well and
favorably known concera was started some yeai"s ago at No. 69
York Street, removal being made to the present more eligible loca-
tion in 18S5. These premises consist of store and workshop, 20x50
feet in dimensions, and a heavy and excellent stock is carried, com-
prising S. S. Jewott & Co.'s stoves and ranges, general hardware,
tin, granite, ond agate ware, lamp goods, house furnishings, etc.,
special attention being given to every descripiinn of tin, copper, and
sheet iron work. Prior to engaging in this business Mr. Dobinson
was employed as travelling salesman, an experience which has evi-
dently been used to advantage in the purchase of his stock, which is
valued at some $3000. He is a gentleman of push and enterprise,
thoroughly conversant with the wants of the trade, aud widely
kn.mn and respected hi this comuuiuity.

BUFFALO PIE BAKERY, Gaylord & Co.. Manufacturers of
Superior Mince Meiit. Nos. 300 and 311 Rhode Island Street.—
Th.' I.- i.hii; .Di.i] 1 1~.- of the kind, and one which has gained
a VIM : I ' [ ' ' " for the excellence and wholesomeness
of its pro li. I tlie Buffalo Pie Bakery, located at Nos.

309and:)ll l:ii •! I- i; 1 Stnet. Since the firm began business here,
their success has been uninterrupted, a large, permanent demand
for their goods having been developed, and an idea of the extent of
the operations carried on mny be had wlien we state that the daily
output Is 1000 pies and 600 dozens of cakes, while every year the
flrin make sixty tons of mince meat. fi>r which eight barrels of
whiskey are used, and all the fruits entering into the mince meat are
stewed in this establishment The premises occupied are of com-
modious proportions, and are equipped in the most complete man-
ner with all appliances and conveniences peculiar to the industry.
The oven is fifteen feet square, the largest in the city, and being kept
constantly in use. it never gets'cool. The place is a model of clean-
Iine8.s. good order and neatness. Only the finest flour and other
choice materials are utilized, and the goods of this responsible
house are general favorites wherever introduced, being unsurpassed
by those of any other first-class house. An S8000 stock is carried,
and orders of any magnitude are filled at shortest notice. The pro-
prietors are Mr. S. M Gaylord and Mr. Frank Benton, the latter a resi-
dent of Philadelphia. Mr. Gaylord, who is the active manager of
the business, has had many years' practical experience as a baker,
and is skilled in all the departments of the business. He is liberal
and upright in all his dealings, and su-stains an Al reputation in the
commercial world.

PF. W7EDER, Manufacturer of Copper, Tin, Sheet Iron and
Tin Ware, Paints, Oils, Glass, and Varnish, and General
Dealer in Stoves and Ranges, Hardware, Nails, Tools, Cut-
lery. I^mps. Etc., No. 511 William Street.— The popular
bu.siness estahlLshment of Mr. P. F. Wieder has been in successful
operation for the past ten years, and a splendid substantial custom
has been secured. A two-story substantial building, having dimen-
sions of 25x120 feet, is occui ied for the business. The solesroom is
well adapted to the purposes of the business, and the workshop is
thoroughly eqirippcd for executing work in the best manner. An
immense stock of goods is carried, the assortment embracing every-
thinj In the line of cooking and heating stoves, range.s, builders' and
housekeeper's hardware, shelf goods, mechanics' tools, nails, lock-
smiths' supplies, table and pocket cutlery, butchers' tools, lamps,
lamp goods, tin and sheet iron ware, and house furnishing goods;
also a general stock of paints, dry and ready mixed, oils, glasv.
putty, varnishes, and painters' supplies generally. In the manufact-

uring depurtnient a nnndn-r of competent hoiuls an- employed, and
every attention Is paid to executing tin, copper, and sheet Iron
work, and to nniking tinware to order and attending to repairing
and Jobbing. Mr. Wieder gives his personal supervision to nil
lironchesof his business, and those dealing with him mayennfldenlly
d<*pend upon receiving the best quality goods^nt the lowest prices.

STOCK EXCHANGE HOTEL, Directly Opposite the Livestock
Yards, Jos. M. Cowan, Proprietor.— One of the most com-
fortable and well equipi>ed hotels in East Buffalo is that
known as the " Stock Exchange," which is directly opposite
Ihe Live .Stock Yards. This hotel was opened in 1887, and is luid.r
the able ond careful monogement of Mr. Jos. SI. Cowan, who for
several yearK was a clerk in the Brainard House. The Stock Ex-
chonge Hotel is three stories high, and 30x150 feet In area. It has
latterly been newly fitted and furnished throughout, and has fifty-
three rooms available tor guests. The rooms are well ventilated,
comfortably and elegantly furnished, and provided with every con-
venience, while the means of escape in case of fire are perfect.
New and first class stables, to accommodate 300 horses, have just
been completed, and ore under the management of Messrs. Cooper
& Hullock. The table of the hotel is supplied with the best in ihe
market, and no poins or expense ore span-d by Mr. Cowan to make
gxiests perfectly at home. With all its advantages, the rates of the
hotel are very moderate, ranging from $1 .60 per day This house is
extensively patronized by live stock owners and commission men,
and persons who have once stopped hen> are sure to return when
again visiting this part of Buffalo. Mr. Cowan is a native of New
York. He has made himself very popular, owing to his kind and
courteous manners an<l stiict integrity, and under his energetic
management the prospects of the Stock Exchange Hotel are of the
must favorable character.

JN. MILLER, Pharmacist, No. 510 William Street.— Few phar-
macies in this section of the city of Buffalo <lescrvedly en-
, joy a higher reputation than that located at No. 510 William
Street, which was originally establisheil by the late Mr. J.
N. Miller. Since the time of his decease, the manogement of the
establishment has devolved upon his widow, whose capabilities
therefor may be rightly estimated by a consideration of the fact
that Mrs. Miller enjoys the unique distinction among her sex of being
a member of the Erie County Pharmaceutical Association. She is
ably seconded also in her efforts by her brother-in-law, Mr. J. A.
Caugnard, who has had an extensive experience. The premises
occupied consist of a handsomely equipped 25x.50 feet store, with
elegant counters, show-cases, soda foimtain, and other accessories
which go to constitute an .\1 pharmacy. The slo<*k. which is valuefl
atsome$4000. embraces a full line of pure drugs and chemicals, pro-
prietary remedies of acknowledged merit, toilet articles, perfumery,
druggists' sundries, etc. A special feature is mode of the prescrip-
tion department, physicians' formula; and family recipes being
compounded with a degree of care and accuracy which has won for
the establishment a wide patronage. l>oth from the professional
and lay comnuuiity.

AW. SRDKA. Merchant Tailor, No. 4'M William Street— Promi
nent among the leading merchants tailors in this section of
, the city is Mr. A. W. Sroka of No. 496 William Slreet.-This
gentleman was born in Germany, has resided in this city
many years, and has had long experience in the bu.siness in which be
is engaged. He is a practical cutter, and jwssesses very fine taste
and judgment. He has occupied his present business stand for the
past eleven years, being the oldest merchant tailor on William
Street, and by close attention to the wants of his patrons, and by
always giving them perfect satisfaction, has established a substantial
and influential patronage. His store is neatly fitted up and contains
o well selected line of cloths, cnssimcres, suitings, vestings, etc. Mr.
Sroka's garments are always perfect in fit ond tastefully cut. while
his prices are extremely reosonable. They are trimmed with the
best n.aterials anil made by expert ond skdful tailors. Every effort
is made to plea.se and satisfy patrons, who embrace many of the
most respectable and fashionable citizens. Jlr. Sroka is a popular
member of the C. M. B. A., and is highly respected and esteemed by
all who know him.

ILLUSTRATED

JOHN OTTO & SON, Real Estate and Investments, No. 24 W.
Seneca Street.— The real-estate broker in Buffalo has opened
before him an ample fieid for enterprise and usefulness, and
many of our most prominent citizens are engaged in this
important branch of industry, among whom we must mention the
name of Mr. John Otto, who has so forcibly shown his capacity to
rank as a leader among the real-estate brokers of the city. He has
been engaged in the iiusiness since 1S5", and by the display of faiihf ul
and conscientious zeal for the best interests of his customers he has
succeeded in securing a clientage of no ordinary character. Five
years ago he took his son, Mr. John Otto, Jr., into the business, a
gentleman who has since proved in every respect well worthy of be-
coming the future legatee of such a large and valuable business as
his father at present controls. The offices of Messrs. John Otto &
Son are located at No. m West Seneca Street, where they have every
convenience and facility for the prompt dispatch of business. Mr.
Otto, Sr., more especially, by reasun of his long practical experience,
is thoroughly familiar with present and prospective values of real
property, both in and around this progi-essive city, and the firai
always have upon their books many desirable bargains, including
business, residential, and manufacturing sites for sale or exchange,
and their specialty, in which they have become singularly successful,
is the procuring money to loan on bond and mortgage. In this
branch they are of the utmost service to both borrower and lender,
securing to the one ample funds with which to extend his business,
and to the other a profitable and perfectly safe Investment. The
properties in which they deal are absolutely perfect as regards their
title, and no estates are handled except those which are thoroughly
sate investments. Messrs. Otto will be found gentlemen in evei-y sense
well worthy of the trust and confidence reposed in them, careful,
accurate, and thoroughly honorable, the great aim being the wel-
fare and benefit of their numerous chents.

JOHN O'BRIAN. Real Estate and Insurance, No. 356 Main Street.
— The leading field of financial investment in Buffalo is imques-
tionably that of real estate, and in no way can large or small
sums of money be better applied to secure sure and produc-
tive returns than m the realty of this great centre of trade. Promi-
nent among those who have taken an active part In promoting the
best interests of the city in this respect, and have built up influen-
tial connections with property owners, is Mr. John OBrian. The
business of this house was founded six years ago by Messrs. O'Brian
and Rauert, and was directed under theu- joint control up to April 15,
1890, when Mr O'Brian succeeded to the sole ownership. He is a
native of Little Falls. Herkimer County, N. Y., but has been a per-
manent resident of Buffalo for the past forty years. Here he has
long been a prominent citizen, thoroughly identified with the best in-
terests of the community. For eight years he filled with ability the
position of judge of the civil court. Mr. O'Brian is noted for hi.'; in-
timate personal knowledge of all the choice business and residential
sections of Buffalo, and intending purchasers can in all cases rely
upon his superior knowledge and sound judgment both as regards
prices, surroundings, and other information. He is a notary pubhc,
and carries on a general line of operations as a real estate, insur-
ance and loan broker and collector. His standing in financial cir-
cles is of the highest, and in his policy and methods Mr. O'Brian
is a thoroughgong exponent of the great cardinal principles of
equity and probity, which form the only basis of enduring prosperity.

THORNE & ANQELL, Real Estate, No. 203 Main Street.— Among
those prominent in real-estate operations is the firm of Thome
& Angell, who, as representatives of the business of buying
and selling real estate, have a wide reputation for promptness
and reliability. The copartners, Mr. Geo. L. Thome and Mr. Byron
P. Angell, are experienced practical men, and by faithful, conscien-
tious zeal for the best interests of patrons have seciu'ed a substan-
tial clientele. They are recognized as authorities upon real-estate
values in and around the city, and upon their books have many de-
sirable bargains to offer, including business, residence, and manufac-
turing sites for sale or exchange, and also a number of vei-y desirable
investmentsonLinwood, Richmond. Elmwood, Bouch. and Plymouth
Avenues, and Bidwell, Parkway, Ferry, and Main Streets, and lots
overlooking the park, and choice acre property. The lands and
building sites and all property handled by the firm are absolutely

perfect as regards title, and no real estate is dealt in except that
which is a thoroughly safe investment. Messrs. Thorne <£ Angell
also negotiate loans and attend promptly to all matters pertaining
to the sale, purchase, or excliange of realty. Mr. Geo. L. Thome,
who was born in Stafford, Genesee County, this state, has been a resi-
dent of Buffalo since 1870. He established the business of which he
is the head in 18S3, and a year afterward was joined by Mr. Angell,
who is a native of Otsego Cotmty, this state, and came here twenty
years ago.

J A. STAtrCH, Stock Broker, No. 3.i9 Main Street.— The impor-
tance of Buffalo as a great financial centre is generally recog-
^ nized. She is, in fact, a most prominent point for the dis
posal of miscellaneous secm-ities, while the stock business of
the city ranks second only to that of New York City (in this state)
in point of volume of trade. Among the more recent acquisitions tf)
the ranks of the Queen City's stock brokers we may mention Mr.
J. A. Stanch, who transacts a general commission business in the
purchase and sale, for cash or on margin, of all stocks, bonds and
miscellaneous securities, making a leading specialty of grain and
petroleiun, and has already developed an excellent reputation for
accuracy and perfect knowledge of every feature of the business.
His facilities for obtaining the latest reliable information as to the
course of the market, of his special lines, are of the most perfect
kind, he thus being fully quahfied to fill orders for country capital-
ists or city operators and investors, either for investment or specu-
lative purposes. Full quotations are continuously received for
the benefit of patrons by direct wire communication with the New
York market, and all reliable som-ces are searched as a guide to
profitable investments or sales of stock. Mr. Stauch, who is a na
tive of Buffalo, is a young, shrewd, energetic business man, and ia
rightly regarded as one of the city's rising brokers.

GE. MORE, Hatter and Furrier. No. 327 Main Street.— This is,
par excellence, the very finest and best appointed hat store
^ in Buffalo, and has a very large and high-class patronage,
Mr. More being sole agent for the justly tamed "Knox,"
" Miller," and Heath's Enghsh hats, while a number of exclusive
styles are shown here. The premises occupied are commodious,
ample and very attractively fitted up, and some half a dozen polite
salesmen are employed, patrons being assured of flndmg courteous
attention and satisfactory treatment at all times -n this establish-
ment, as well as the very newest shapes and designs in fashionable
headgear and kindred articles. This flourishing business was estab-
Ushed some thirty-five years ago, by Harry Smith, and in 18S2 came
into control of the present proprietor, imder whose efficient man-
agement it has since been conducted with eminent success. Mr.
More, who is a man in the full prime of life, was born in England,
but has resided in this city thirty odd years. He is a gentleman of
pleasing manners and entire reliabiUty in his dealings, as well as ex
cellent business ability and thorough experience, and prior to assum-
ing control here had been connected with the establishment for a
number of years.

QUEEN CITY RAG COMPANY, Nos. 85 and 87 Mam Street.-
The business of deahug in grachng and packing rags and
paper stock is carried on quite extensively in the city by the
Queen City Rag Company, whose warehouse and office is at
Nos. 85 and 87 Main Street. It is one of the largest and most im-
portant concerns of the kind in this section of the state, the opera-
tions extending throughout all the circumjacent country. Cotton
and woolen rags and paper stock, old iron, brass, copper, rubber,
and other metals, are bought in large and small quantities, which are
graded and packed and disposed of to the cotton and woolen manu-
facturers, paper makers, and founders in all parts of the United
States. An immense busmess is done, requiring for its accommoda'
tion a five-story warehouse 20x130 feet in area, all of which is utilized
for storage purposes and sorting and packing. Mr. Morris Sklansky,
the manager, has been identified with the business many years, and
since May last occupied the premises in which he is located. He is
assisted in the business by his mother, and throughout in the differ-
ent departments of the warehouse from forty to fifty hands are em-
ployed. The business is steadily growing and increasing, and trade
is always active and brisk. Telephone call No. 462.

ILLUSTRATED

THE QUEEN
CITY or THE LAKES.

WM KEIUUCK, Deoler Id Choice Mrnls ami Poultry, No.
iJ) Khode Islaud Strwt, Comer Plyinoutli Avenue.— The
enormous demand for food supplies in the line of pro-
visions bus resulted in the eslublUlimeut of e.xteusive
houses in eveo' large trade centre. A prominent house enKaced In
this business here is that ut Mr. William Ferrli-k, No. a.'3 Rhode
Island Street, corner of Plymouth Avenue. Estalilisheil some three
years aRO, this market has always been a favorite purchasiiiK ilepflt
for the residents of this neiithborhood. The promises are airanRed
and fitted up for the handling of large quantities of meats and pro-
vision;!, and in quantity, freshness, quality, and variety the stock has
no superior in IhLs vicinity. The store is a pattern of neatness and
cleanliness, and the improvements for the preservation of perishable
articles during hot weather are found here in successful operation,
thus securing at all times freshness and wholc.somene.isof the meats
and poultry. Mr. Ferrick is a native of Buffalo, and well known for
his strict integrity, enterprise, and reliabdity . By strictly attending
to business, and carefully catering to the wants of the public, he
has won succrss and prominence. He is a prominent member of
the CM. B. A.

GEOROF, L. PR^vrr, Broker. No. 194 Pearl Street, Room 3.— One
of the most prominent and well-known brokers of Buffalo is
Mr. Georse L. Pratt. Although the youngest of all his com-
peers in that line, he enjoys a well-earned repntjition for
business sagacity and integrity. His place of business is known as
• The Fidelity Loan Company," and is situated on the second floor
iif tlie office building No. 190 Pearl Sti-eet. lie estahlisht'd his busi-
ness thre«» years ago, and has by careful attentiou to the most
minute details as well as to the greater ones, built up a large and
i-apidly increasing business. As the name "Fidelity Loan Com-
pany" implies. Mr Pratts business consists mainly of negotiating
I >ans and endorsing business paper. He also gives chattel l.'ans
F.rom twenty-flve dollars upward on furniture, pianos, etc., without
In-moval from the premises of the borrower, thus often affording
jWelcome relief to persons in a position of temporary financial em-
harra.ssment. Mr. Pratt was born at Fulton, N. Y., in 1865. He is
regarded by the mercantile community as one of the most rising
and ept.*rprisine business men in the city. Besides attending to his
business with devotion, he takes gri-at interest in nil municipal af-
fairs or anything appertninini; to the general welfare of the city. He
is held in high esteem in social as well as mercantile life for his
many excellent and honorable qualities, and will be f-miid prompt,
liberal, and always ready for business, never unsolicitous for the
benefit of his patrons, and alwaj's prepared to offer nd vantages in
keeping with such a reputation.

P.VI.K.N <S RE.\P, Dealers in Fine fJroccries and Ueats, No.
»S7 Rhode Island Street.— The sale of necessary food supplies
oocupif^ a foremost position in every community. A (de-
cidedly popul^^^ and prospercus house engaged in this busi-
ness in Buffalo is that of Mes-srs. Palen & liead, succeasors to
Messrs. Kerr & Company, and located at No. 887 Rhode Island
Street. The individual members of the firm art; Messrs. B. C. Palen
and E. F. Head, both natives of the town of Sherman, Chautauqua
County, this state. The former was engaged previously in the com-
mission business there, and came to this city in 1S90. while the tatter
has been and is still connected with the Eric Preserving Company, of
this city. They purcha-sed this e-stahUshment in the spring of 1890,
:uid under their able direction the hus'ness is constantly increasing
in volume and influence. Their business premises are spacious and
admirably arrangwl. The grocery department contains a full line of
choice staple and fancy gro*?erie9, and in the meat department will he
found at all times a full stock of the very choicest prime beef, veal,
mutton, lamb and country pork: poultry, salt ami smoked meats of
.'ill kmds. Having the be^t of cold storage, the firm are prepartKl to
furnish the best of wholi?some meats during all seasons of the year
at lowest prices. Polite service Is promptly accorded to patrons
neatnt.'ss, cleanliness and order prevail, and orders ape delivered free
of charge. Messrs. Palen and Reed are wide awake, energetic, agree-
able gentlemen, prompt and reliable, and highly esteemed In social
and trade circles.

HENRY SCHMIDT, .Manufaclurwr of Carriages, Wagons, Etc.
No. ISO Genesee Street.— In the United Stales the carrioges
and wagons built to-day form a striking contrast to the
heavy, cumbersome vehicles that were the pride of onr
grandfaihrrs very long ago. Comiected with this line of tnule In
Buffalo, and noted for flr8t-clu.s« productions and strulghiforunni
business methods, is the establishment of Mr. Henry S<-hinidt, car
riago and wagon maimfacturer. No. 180 Genesee Street. This was
founded in the eaily part of this century, and is probably the oldest
concern of its kind in the westein part of this stnte, having passed
through toe hands of several proprietors l)efore It came into the
pos.session of its present owner in 18Sfl. under who-e able manage-
ment its old time reputation for honest productions has been sus-
tained. The premises utilized comprise two flnors, which are fully
equipped with all necessary machinery, tools, and appliances for
turning out first-class, hand-made vehicles. Several experienced
workmen are employed, under the immediate supervision of the
proprietor, who is a thoroughly experienced nnil practical black
smith and wheelwi ight. Carriages of all ilescrlptions are ma<le here,
including buggies, heavy trucks, drays, carts, express, delivery, and
light wagons, road-wagons, sulkies, gigs, buckboards, etc. None
but the very best materials are useil, the work Is of the highest
standard, and prices are veiy reasonable. Repairing receives par
ticuiar attention also. Mr. Schmidt is a native of the city of Hon
over. Germany, has been a resilient of this city since boyhood, and
is a liberal, public spirited citizen, highly respected in social and

PHIUP ERBES, Wall Paper, Painter, Etc., No. 536 Genesee
Street.— In the line of wall papers, paints, painting, and ar-
tistic house decorations, Mr. Philip Erbes, of No. 638 Genesee
Street, occupies an envloble position among his competitors
This is indeed an age of progress, and with the advanced ond more
refined fa.sies of the people has come a demand for new styles and
more artistic productions, ond one of the first branches of trade to
feel this demand is that which supplies the midiimi for home dw:o-
ration. Mr. Erbes, although oidy establislie<l in business on hLs own
account since 188!). has had an ample «uc|)erience. and has been quick
to recognize the drift, of public taste in the connection we have re-
fei-red to. He occupies a hand8"mely appointed store, 30x12.') feet
in dimensions, its elegant plate-gloss show w inflows and taslefid
interior appointments rendering li one of the atiraciive features of
this neighborhood. The stock embraces imported and domestic
wall papers and paper hangings, paints, oils, varnish, [mtiy, white
Iea<l, glass, and kindred supplies, while in the busy sea-son some
twenty hands find regular employment in the pnper-hanging. paint-
ing, and interior and exterior <lecorating branches of the business.
The rare skill and taste of the house are proverbial in the trade, and
the extensive patronage represents the most desirable city anil
suburban custom.

EMIL C. P.\UL. .\rchiteet and SupiTintendent, No. 11 Eiist
Mohawk Street —Among the popular and reliable membeiv
of ihe arcliitecturnl inofession in Buffalo is Mr Emil C. Paul.
He was bom in Buffalo, where he received a liberal eilucation.
ond studied for his profession with zeal and success under Jlr. S J.
Metzg>-r. and un'er whom he ncquiied a thorough knowledge of
architecture in all its various branches This was fui>plemenud by
years of close application and practical experience under the direc-
tion of other leading men In the proression In 1880 he engaged in
biisine.ss on his own responsibility and has since built up a liberal
and substantial patronage. His business premises are commodious,
suitably divided into a business office and draughtingrooms, and are
located at No. 11 East Mohnwk Street, and here n competent staff of
a.ssistants is employed, while every facility is possessed for ihe trans-
action "f business. Mr. Paul nnmlers among his regular patrons
mnny leading caiitalists and citizens. He has designH the plans'for
and supervised the ronBtnictlon of mnny public and private build-
ings In Buffalo and neiirhboring towns, and Is noted for the accuracy
of his estimates and for nvol Ing th- annoyance of bills f..r extras.
The buildings erected from his plans are perfect, substantial, and
credltJible to him as an architect and offo:-d every satisfaction t..

ILLUSTRATED

_5^ THE auSEN
J&~k C!TY OF TKE LAKES*

ELBERSON BROS., Home-Jlade Bread, Cake aud Pie Bakeiy,
No. 854 Seneca Street— A reliable and representative firm is
that of Messrs. Elberson Bros., proprietors of the home-made
bread, cake, and pie bakery located at No. :i54 Seneca Street.
No house engaged in this line of trade in Buffalo has acquired a
better deserved reputation for the excellence of its productions. It
ivas established in 18SS by Messrs. A. and B. L. Elberson, and from
the start obtained a large and valuable patronage, which is yearly
being added to. Both pai*tners are natives of New Jersey, where at
an early age they were initiated mto all the mysteries of the bakers'
art. Their premises consist of a two story brick structure, laxlSO
feet in dimensions, their own properly. These are fully equipped
with the most perfect ovens, machinery, an.l appliances known to
the trade, while the store proper is handsomely furnished and fitted
up in the latest and most tasteful style. Here are made and offered
for sale all kinds of fancy bake stuffs, a specialty being their home-
made bread, for which there is a great demand. Ice cream is also
manufactured on the premises and supplied to the trade all over the
city. Five experienced pastry cooks and bakers are kept busy the
year around in filling the oiders of patrons, and as the firm make all
the goods they offer to the public, and only the best and purest ma-
terials are used in their confec'ion, it is easy to arrive at the reasons
for the great popularity of their wares. Two wagons are used in
the delivery of goods to any part of the c'ty free of charge, and all
orders receive prompt and careful attention. Both partners are
young men who have deservedly gained much popularity in trade
circles of Buffalo by their unceasing efforts to please then- patrons.

STANDARD TRUNK CO., Trunk Manufactureis and Dealers in
Bags, Valises, and.TravellingJGoods in General, No. 342 Seneca
Street.— Among the many industries in the "Queen Cily,"

that of manufacturing trjnks is by no means an unimportant
one. It is ably conducted and well represented by the "Standard
Trunk Co.," located at No. 242 Seneca Street, with factory and
branch store at No. 90 Emslie Street, corner North Division Street.
This business was established in 1888 by Messrs. J. \V. and H. C.
Moran, who are experienced and practical, well versed and familiar
with all the details of this special line of manufacture. Having
ample facilities in a well equipped workshop aud salesroom, the
Messrs. Moran carry a large full stock of trunks of all kinds and
sizes, and for all purposes, and make a special feature of manu-
facturing to order theatrical, clothing, shoe, h.-xt, and sample and
travelling trunks; in fact, trunks of any kind that may be desired,
of any material, in the very best and most substantial manner.
Besides trunks, the firm do an extensive business as dealers in
valises, bags, and " travelling*' goods generally, aud can offer better
inducement to buyers than any other house. A special department
is devoted to repairing, and *^ll work tm-ned out is guaranteed in
every respect. Mr. J. W. Moran is a Philadelphian by birth, and Mr.
H. C. Moran is a native Buffalonian. They are practical trunk-
makers and upright business men. They are doing a splendid busi-
ness, and besides their local retail trade and the making of sample
trunks to order for the mercantile houses, they have a flourishing
outside trade, which bids fair in the near future to reach propor-
tions of great magnitude.

PETER J. MtTELLER. Fresh, Salt, and Smoked Meats, No. S34
Broadway.— No meat market in this section of the city of
Buffalo has secm-ed a more enduring hold on the public favor

than that now owned and managed by Mr. Peter J. Mueller
at No. 2»4 Broadway. This time honored stand was origmally
opened by Mr. Jacob Lang in 1860, who in turn was succeeded by
Mr. Jacob Weilbacher in 18T9, and for the past seven years the
present popular proprietor has been at the head of affairs. The
market, which is -^x^o feet in dimensions, is cleanly and neatl.y kept,
and provided with all accessories in the way of cold storage, etc. A
first class stock is constantly carried, including choice fresh beef,
mutton, lamb, pork, veal, lard, sausage, and kindred food products.
Mr. Mueller procures his supplies from the most reliable sources of
production, which fully warrants him in making the assertion that
he can supply his cujrtomers with a line of meat products that can-
not be excelled for quality, reliability and excellence. Having al-
ways been earnest and unremitting in his endeavors to meet every
demand of his eiLstomers in a prompt and satisfactory mannor. he
lias developed a patronage of great and gratifying proportions.

which is in itseh' the best possible proof of the superiority of the
goods he offers, and of the honorable and straightforward methods
that have ever characterized his dealings. Mr. Mueller also has a
place at No. 179 Mulberry Street. Although only in its infancy, it
has already shown itself to be eminently s '

JOS. M. POLLOCK, Jeweler, No. 7-49 Seneca Street.-The old
established jewelry store of which Mr. Joseph M. Pollock is
the courteous proprietor, has always been a favorite with the
public, and has enjoyed a wide reputation for first-class goods
at moderate prices. Mr. Pollock, who was bom in Germany, forty-
six years ago, is well known in this community, and has been estab-
lished in business upwards of a quarter of a century on Seneca Street,
and has occupied the premises in which he is now located at No. 749
on that thoroughfare since 1867. He has been successful and pros-
perous, and won the esteem and confidence of all having dealings
with him. He owns the property in which he is located, has fitted
up the store in a neat, tasteful manner, and carries a large, valuable
stock of rich, elegant jewelry of every description, also gold and
silver watches, clocks, silver and plated ware, spectacles, eye-
glasses, optical goods, and a great variety of fancy articles, emi-
nently suitable for wedding presents and gifts for all occasions.
The stock represents a value of from $10,000 to $13,000, and every-
thing sold is fully guaranteed as represented, and a special feature
is made of fine watch, clock, and jewelry repairing, Mr. Pollock is
not only popular as an upright, honorable business man, but enjoys
the distinction of being one of the best practical watchmakers and
jewelers in the city.

PETER YOUNG, Dealer in Hate, Caps, and Gents' Furnishings,
also Manufacturer of Clothing, Overalls, and Shirts, No. 684
Genesee Street.— At the popular establishment of Mr. Peter
Young, at No. 584 Genesee Street, everything pertaining to a
gentleman's outfit, from the crown of his head to the sole of his foot,
can be procured at fabulously low prices. He occupies one of the
most neatly appointed stores on this busy thoroughfare. It is two
stories in height, 25x100 feet in dimensions, handsomely fitted and
finished, and in every way admirably adapted for the advantageous
prosecution of the business. In the clothing department will be
found a full line of ready-made garments, manufactured by him-
self, accurately cut, and ranging in quality from the dress suit to the
working overalls. In another department, Mr. Young carries a well-
selected stock of hats, caps, etc., of the latest patterns, in all styles,
and of all materials. In the furnishing-goods line everything that a
gentleman's toilet can possibly need is here found in great variety
and profusion, a specialty being made of fine dress shirts and im-
ported and domestic neckwear. Ten polite and obliging salesmen
during the busy season, assist the proprietor in attending to the
wants of his many patrons. Mr. Young is a native of Germany, and
established this enterprise nine years ago. He is an active and pro-
gressive business man, and conducts an establishment that is an Im-
portant factor in the commercial prosperity of the city of his adop-
tion.

A WHITE, Watchmaker and Jeweler, No. 543 William Street.
-Artistic jewelry has become so essential a part of the
, requirements of polite society that the former estimation
in which it was held, as a relic of barbaric splendor, is ex-
ploded and no longer prevalent. A prominent Buffalo establish-
ment engaged in this department of industrial activit}' is that of Mr.
A. White, No. 543 William Street. The business was originally es-
tablished by Messrs. A. and C. WTiitein 1885, and so conducted up to
the current year, when Mr. C. White seceded from the enterprise,
which has since been continued alone by the present proprietor.
The salesroom, which is elegantly appointed, is 14x30 feet In dimen-
sions. The stock carried is large and well selected, embracing a full
and complete assortment of fine gold and silver watches, diamonds,
clocks, jewelry, silverware, optical goods, and in fact everything
usually found in a first-class establishment of this kind. Only the
best and most reliable goods are sold, and customers have the satis-
faction of knowing that they receive full value for their money, and
that all purchases can be relied on in every particular. Especial at-
tention is given to the repairing of fine watches, clocks, and jewelry,
all orders being executed in the most prompt and most satisfactory-
manner.

• LLUSTRATEC

^Bvffalojc

THE ClUEEN
CITYOFTHEUAKES.

TIKOIAS KINOSTON, DealiT iii Coal, Wood, Iluy. Outa. Food,
and Bt'ddio;;, No. 400 MossHchiiaetts Strwt, Corner of Clien-
aiiRo Street. —A popular aud well i>atroDized hoiiso eogoROd in
the fuel and feed business that has always enjoyed a very en-
viable reputation for handlins only first class oomiiiodities, and for its
honorable, straightforward dealiu>^, is that of Mr. Thouias Kinj^ton,
whose offlce and yai-d are located at No. 490 Massachusetts Street,
■corner of Chenango Street. Thus enterprise was founded originally
by Mr. W. D Koelch, and in May, 181)0, the present proprietor, Mr.
Kington, succeeded to it. This gentleumn was born in Poris, Ont.,
■Canada, in 1S07, and prior to enKacing in this line was conni-cted
with a travelling jeweler as ctishier. He is a young uian of wide
.eiliorience in commercial affairs, and under his euterprUing direc-
tion the trade of the house is rapidly increasing. The premises util-
ized comprise a finely appointed offlce with warehouse and yord,
which are fully equipped with every facility. The yard has six coal
bins, and other suitable accommodations for the storage of wood,
feed, and btslding. Tha coal handled by Mr. Kingston is received
Jhvct from the most celebrated mines in the bituminous and antlira-
■cite regions of Pennsylvania, is of all sizes, thorouglily screened and
(re« from culm and slate, while his kindhng wood is of the very best
seasoned yellow pine, heniloclc, maple and beech. His stock of ani-
mal provender embraces only the choicest varieties of clover, tim-
othy, red top and blue grass baled hay; wheat, oat, and rye straw,
meal cal<es, bran, shorts, miildlings, chopped corn and oats, shelled
and unshelled corn, clean, bright uud heavy oats, aLso baled com
husks and excelsior for bedding purposes. The lowest prices pre-
vail, full weight is guarant«HHl. and a s[>ecialty is made of free and
prompt deliveries. Mr. Kingston is a ple.isant, courteous gentleman,
reliable in his dealings and highly esteemed in social and trade cir
■cles.

FAJRBAraX & LANDES. Printers and Publishers. No. 51 East
Swan Street, Corner Ellicott.— A department of industry that
has b«en developed to a high plane of i>erfection in this city,
and which has many worthy exponents, is that of printing,
and those establishments engaged in it are contributing much to ad-
vance the material interests of the community. One of the de-
.servedly successful hoiLses among the number in Buffalo is the pop-
ular and reliible establishment of Messrs. Fairbaim and Landes,
located at No. 51 East Swan Street, corner Ellicott. These gentle-
men have had an experience of over twenty-five years, and are
thoroughly practical in all brandies of the business; and under their
•enterprising direction a very large and influential trade has been de-
veloped that is constantly increasing The premises utilized for the
business are spacious and commodious and are equipped wth all
machinery and mechanical appliances necessary, including five
power presses, paper cutters, and type of every description, and
the latest ornamental styles, and employment Ls furnished a force
■of skilled and experienced printers. The range of work includes
printing of all kinds-books, pamphlets, catologucs; visiting and
business cards; letter, note, bill and statement headings; envelope
and postal card work; paper sacks, wrapping paper, dodgers, legal
blanks, invitations lor balls and parties, admission tickets society
jind political; also hotel and restaurant work, labels, price lists,
placards, announcement posters plain and illuminated, and general
commercial work of every variety, a specialty being made of fine
engraving and pictorial work. Estimates are freely furnished, and
contracts are executed promptly and satisfactorily at lowest figures
■consistent with first-class work Messrs. Fairbaim & I^Jindes are
thoroughly reliable, prompt and honorable in all their business trans-

JA^ WARD. Manufacturer of Paper Boxes. No. 56 E. Seneca
Stieet.— Notable improvement has been effected in those use-
, ful and indispensable articles, paper boxes, of late years, and
.some of our Buffalo manufacturers are now turning out aclass
.■r goods of exceptional excellence. Prominent among those referred
t<i is .1. A Ward, whose factory is at No .W Enst Seneca Street, and
wimse productions are in extensive and growing demand throughout
wi'sl.Tii New York nnd portions of the states adjoining, owing to
the uniformly high standard nt which the same are maintained.
Mr Ward, who has another paper Imx factorv at Niagara Falls, is a
geinleinan of middle age and was bora at Pmikirk. N. Y. He is a
man '^f push nwl enei*gy. as well as skill and experience, and has a

thorough knowledge of the business in which he has Ijcen siicces.---
fully engaged at the present location for over fifteen years, starling
tlio Niagara Falls eslablislimeiit in IftSO. The factory Is completely
equipped, and firteen to Hveiity-ilvo expert hands are eniployeil
Mr. Ward inumifactures paper boxes of every size, shape, style, and
grade, flue work being a specialty, and keeps in stock always a
large, flrst-class assortment, wbilo paper boxes are made to order,
likewise, in the most superior manner at short notice and the most
reasonable prices, all orders receiving immediate attention.

ROBINSON & DICK, Manufacturing Confectioners, No. 1 10
Seneca Street.— A represe.itative and one of the most reli-
able houses in Buffalo actively engaged In the manufacture
of confectionery Is that of Messrs. Robinson & Dick, wlmsp
office and factory arc located at No. 110 Seneca Street. This busi-
ness was established in 1807 by Henry Ilearn, who was succeeded In
I88Cby the firm of Messrs. Robinson & Dick. Purity and quality
have ever been the first consideration with them, and they use
only the best quality of sugars, the finest essential oils and ex-
tracts, anil the system pursued Insures a unifomi high standard
of excellence, and a delicious character of all goods manufactured.
Chocolate creams, caramels, bonbons, fig-paste, glac6 fruits, lozen-
ges, and all staple candies are manufactured by the firm, who cater
to an excellent trade in New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan,
and New England. The premises occupied comprise a spacious four-
story building, S!5xI50 feet In area, fully equipped with all the latest
improved apfiaratus, appliances, and machinery known to the trade.
Here eighty skilled hands are employed, ond the machinery is driven
by steam power. In their salesrooms can be seen the finest assort-
ment of candies and confections in Buffalo, which are offered to the
tradeat the lowest possible prices. Messrs. M. N. Robinson and Alfred
Dick are both natives of Buffalo, where they are greatly respected in
trade circles for their integrity nnd energy. Mr. Robinson was form-
erly traveller for John Benson, Henry Hearn, and Sibley & Holmwood,
in the same line, while Mr. Dick was also with Sibley and Holmwood.
The firm employ five drummers, and their trade Is rapidly Increas-
ing, owing to the superiority of their confections, which are general
favorites with the trade aud a critical public wherever introduced.

JACOB STUMM, Manufacturer of and Dealer in Tmnks and
Traveling Bags, No. 48 East Seneca Street, next to the Post-
office.— Not one among the trunk manufacturers of Buffalo
turns out a finer class of work and few enjoy a nii>re liberal
patronage than Mr. Jacob Stumin, whose store and shop are cen-
trally situated at No. 4S East Seneca Street adjoining the Postofflce.
Mr. Stuiniu, who is a genileinan of about thirty, was born in this
city. He ia ^thoroughly expert workman him.self, and is master of
his art in all its branches. He started in business on his own ac-
coiinl some four years ago, anil from the first has steadily prospered,
building up an excellent trade. He occupies neat, commodious
quarters, employs several competent assistants, and keeps on hand
always a large aud first-class assortment of trunks, traveling bags,
satchels, and leather goods In great variety, sample cases and
theatrical trunks being specialties. Tmnks, etc., are made to order
in the very best style of the art, and repniring is executed with neat-
ness and dispatch, while the pi-ices prevailing are extremely low.
Every article is fully warranted, and all work done Ls guarantetfd to
render satisfaction.

HJ. SMITH. Dealer in Fine Family Groceries, Fruits, Etc.,
No. 312 Hampshire Street, near Grant— No man has a
^ higher reputation or a better practical acquaintance with
his business th.TU Mr. II. J. Smith, of No. .SIS Hampshire
Street. He is a native of this city and at an early age entered this
business as a clerk. About one year ago he commenced business
for himself. He carries a large stock of fine groceries of every de-
scription, is an excellent judge of teas and coffees, nnd deals in the
best. His long experience gives him n great advantage in the selec-
tion of his goods. His butter is from the liest kiiown western nnd
state creameries, his fl'iur is of the best quality, nnd orders arc
called for and delivered with exactness and promptness Two
as*ilstants are kept busy waiting tipon customers. The stix-k carried
represents a value of three thousand dollars. Persf.nally, Jlr. Smith
Is a genial and courteous buslne.-vs man, who bears the reputali<»n ns
an upright citizen.

ILLUSTRATED

164

^xBi/FFALOjC

THE aUEEN
CITY OF THE LAKES.

DBLANDING, Gents' Furnishing Goods, Hats, Caps, Etc.,
Smokers' Articles a Specialty, No. 530 Seneca Street.— One
of the most popular business establishments on Seneca
Street is that of Mr. D. Blamling, situated at No. 530 on
that thorouEhfare. The business is prosperous and flourishing, and
was originally esiabli-^hed in 18T3 by Mr. Daniel Dickinson, who in
the present year sold out to Sir. Blaiiding. The store is commodious
and has a depth of 45 feet. Since it has been under the sole owner-
ship of Mr. Blanding he has made many improvements and put in a
fine stock of new goods. By his energy and entei-prise and liberaUty
he is rapidl.v adding new permanent customers to the list left him
by his predecessor. The stock is full and complete, and in its
variety embraces the newest and most popular styles in silk, derby
and flexible hats, also caps for men, boys and children, and a rfide
range of men's furnishing goods, such as fine white and colored
shirts, imderwear, woolens, flannels, hosiery, elegant neckwear,
gloves, collars, cuffs, suspenders, and everything belonging to the
business that is nobby and novel. Mr. Blanding receives the new
styles as soon as introduced in New York, and is doing a splendid,
substantial business. He is a courteous, polite gentleman, unremit-
ting in his attention to patrons, and leaves nothing undone to
accommodate them. Prices are governed by moderation, and all
goods will be found strictly as represented. He is a native Buffalo-
nian, and was for a period of twenty-one years an engineer on the
l.ake Shore railroad. Besides hats and caps and furnishings, Mr.
Blanding makes a specialty of all the various articles comprehended
under the generic name of smokers' articles, and always has the
best of everything in this line at low prices.

PROGRESS IN xVRT.-There can be but little question that the
American people are year by year becoming more refined in
taste and refinement, and that the simple ideas of the primi-
tive settler have given away to the fiesthetic notions of a
later period. The mansion of the millionaire of the Great Republic
will to-day vie with the splendors of the European ducal castle, and
it is certain that the homes of the humbler clas.ses of America have
more pretensions to refinement than those of their conteraporat ies
on the other side of the Atlantic. This is in a great measure due to
a natural incentive of progressiveness, and, again, to the efforts of
those business houses whose dealings are restricted to the handling
and study of what are termed the fine arts. A prominent Buffalo
establishment engaged in this business is that of Wm. A. Robb, No.
.110 Connecticut Street, which was established in 1SS8, and has
always enjoyed a substantial and influential patronage. The loca-
tion iu the centre of the west side, outside the bustle of busy streets
with their heavv expenses, has many advantages that result to the
direct benefit of patrons, and such as the judicious p6i^on is not
slow to appreciate. The premises occupied consist of a handsome
store, admu-ably equipped and furnished, with workshop annexed.
The stock comprises oil paintings, fine etchings, engravings by all
the popular artists, easels, mirrors, artistic albums, etc. In the
department for the manufacture of picture frames, a vast variety
of the newest designs is at the disposal of patrons. Mr. Robb under-
takes the hanging of pictures in an artistic manner, and also the
re- gilding of picture frames and looking-glasses at reasonable
prices. Indeed all the work turned out is of great merit and ex-
cellence, and is equal, if not superior, to that produced elsewhere
in this city. West Side Art Store, W. A. Robb, Proprietor, No. 340
Connecticut Street.

ML. STRYKER, Dealer m Fancy Groceries and Choice Meats,
Corner 14th and Rhode Island Streets.— This house, origi-
, nally established by Mr. E. Delahunt, to which the sub-
ject of this brief sketch, M. L. Stryker, recently succeeded,
(s one possessing superior facilities. His full and complete stock,
his honorable and liheral methods of dealing, and his high comtner-
cial standing, combine lo make this one of the most desirable houses
of its kind with which consumers can form business rtlations. Mr.
Stryker sells on a small margin of profit, and yet from the extent
of his transactions, he realizi'S a satisfactory return from the busi-
ness, and has the satisfaction of having at no time stale and nn-
profltjible eoods 'n his stock. He occupies a handsome store, located
at the comer of 14th and Rhode Islnnii Streets, where he carries a
full and complete stock of fine stnple and fancy groceries, and every
ilMScripUon of prime, fresh, salt, and smoked meats. Neatness,

order, and system prevail, three polite and obhging salesmen assist
the proprietor in attending to the wants of his many patrons, and
two wagons are also utilized for the free delivery of gooils to pur-
chasers in any part of the city. Mr. Strj-ker comes from an old
Wyoming County family, and was born at Strykerville in that shire,
a township named after his respected grandfather. Prior to engag-
ing in business here he was favorably identified with the meat
trade in Aurora, this state, and the success he has since achieved
is directly referable to his own energetic and well directed efforts.

EDWARD DWYER, Chemist and Druggist, No. 404 Michigan
Street, Corner Eagle, WeUs Block.— The onerous duties con-
nected with the proper execution of the professinn of drug-
gist call for a man with more than ordinary att,iinments and
executive ability. The drug business of Buffalo is carried on by an
enterprising class of men, of whom the subject of this sketch. Mr.
Edward Dwyer, is a worthy representative. His pharmacy is
located in the Wells Block, corner of Eagle and Michigan Streets, is
neat and attractive, finely fitted throughout, and handy and conve-
nient in every particular. His stock comprises pure drugs, medi-
cines, chemicals, physicians' supplies, the standard proprietary and
patent medicines, toilet articles, etc., which are carefully selected
for their purity and general standard of excellence. Mr. Dwyer is a
native of Canada, and has had twenty -five years' practical experi.
ence as a pharmiicist, part of which was passed in the employ of the
late W. H. Smith, whose pharmacy is still located on the opposite
side of Michigan Street. He is also a graduate of the New York
Board of Pharmacy, a member of the Erie County Pharmaceutical
Association, and has acquired the highest of reputations both in pro-
fessional and lay circles. He makes a prominent specialty of his
prescription department, in which the greatest skill, care and accu-
racy are the saUent features, and all orders are promptly attended
to. Personally Mr. Dwyer is one of our most popular business men,
and a thorough expert in his important department of ]

MG. HINCKLEY, Fine Grocer, No. 384 Connecticut Street.—
Among the popular grocers doing business in this sec-
, tion of the city none enjoy a better reputation than Mr.
M G. Hinckley, who occupies a flue store at No 384 Con-
necticut Street. The store is admirably arranged and provided with
every convenience for business purposes, and contains one of the
finest lines of staple and fancy groceries to be found in this neigh-
borhood. The stock includes canned goods of all kinds, condiments
and table dehcacies, a specialty being made of first class china and
Japan teas. This stock has been selected expressly to meet the re
quirements of a firstclas3 trade, and in it will be fotind the finest and
best that are brought into the city, as Mr. Hinckley has unsur-
passed facilities for procuring his supplies direct, and can offer in-
ducements that cannot readily be found elsewhere. He has also the
choicest and most fragrant coffees, and the leading brands of family
flours, and at all times new and fresh creamery butter, of which he
is a superior judge. He was formerly engaged in business in Ehnira,
and removed to this city in 1864. He looks after the interests of his
customers with a zealous care, and guarantees all orders being filled
with the best in the market.

WILLIAM H. HICKS, Book and Job Printing, Nos. 80 and 8-.'
Seneca Street.- The high degree of perfection attained in
the typographic art of late years is nothing less than
marvellous. In Buffalo some printing establishments are
turning out an exceptionally fine class of work, and notably that of
William H. Hicks, Nos. 80 and 83 Seneca Street, which is one of the
leading concerns of this kind in this city. The premises here occii-
I)ied comprise an entire 30x185 fioor, and these are supplied with
ample steam power and completely equipped with the latest im-
proved machinery and A No. 1 outfit, including two cylinder presses,
four jobbers, etc., while a dozen or more expert hands are employed.
Estimates are furnished on classes of job and book work, and satis-
faction is guaranteed, while the prices are always of the most
reasonable character. Particular and prompt attention is given to
catalogues, and all work executed is done in the very neatest style.
Mr. Hicks, who is a gentleman of full middle age, but active and
energetic, was horn in Maine and raised in Massachusetts. He is a.
thoroughly practical printer himself, of long and varied experience,,
and was foreman in various offices in Boston for tw^entj' years.

ILLUSTRvViEU

^^BVFFAL0JC

THE QUEEN
CITY OF THE. LAKES.

Pll. I'mLUre Jt CO.. L>ry Goods, Etc., No. Ih'JS Niiigum
Street.— There is no class of mercantllo establlslimeiits
J which ore so useful, as those usually designated as " genenil
stores," and among the oUl-eslabliKlie<l ones tliat have be-
come well-known landmarks is the most widely known and populnr
concern of Mcssi-s. P. II. rhillips & Co., at No. 189S Niagara Stre. I.
It was founded iu )800by the fatlier of the present proprietors, who
succeeded to the business upon the death of t|ie former in 1885.
Both brothers ai-e natives of this city, and were trained to the busi-
ness under the watchful guidance of their respected predecessor. In
I8S«. their premises having been destroyed by tire, the present com-
modious structure was at once erected on the same site. The building
is a substantial and handsome structure. MxSO feet in dimensions, well
ntted up and ortlered throughout, and is equipped with all modern
conveniences and appliances for the storage and display of the com-
plete and well-selectc<l stock constantly carried. The latter includes
a full assortment of dry goods, fancy and staple family groceries, a
general line of men's, youth s, ladies', and misses' boots, shoes, slip-
pers, rubbers, etc. Everything handled is of the best quality, and
the reputation of the hou.se is AI for the general excellence of their
stock, and the uniformly low prices at which their goods are offered
to their patrons. Three able and courteous ajwistants are steadily
employed, and the trode done is one of the largest of the kind in
this section of the city. The proprietors are young, energetic,
straightforward men of business, who have gaine<l an enviable
reputation by the marked ability they have displayed in the man-
agement of their house, and the equity and liberality of their deal-
ings.

JACOB MESMER,Tin. Copper, and Sli.et Iron Worker. No. 811
Broadway.— Among the recent valuable acquisitions to the in-
dustries of Buffalo iu the manufocture of sheet metal prod-
ucts, and one which is rapidly gaining a high reputation for
superior work and reliable business methods, is that of Mr. Jacob
Mesn.er, whose well-ordered establiubment is located at No. 814
Broadway. Mr. Mesmer is a native of this city, and after attaining
a thoroughly practical knowledge of his traile in all its branches, he
started business on his own account at the above address, on July
7th, 1890. and at once developed a very large trade, such as is not
accoriled to some older houses in the same line in this city. His
premises are of ample dimensions, suitably and compactly arranged,
and comprise a neatlyappointed store and workshop. The latter is
fully equipped wiih all the necessary tools and appliances for exe-
cutmg flrat-class work, while a sufficient force of workmen is em-
ployed to meet all demands. The products embrace everything iu the
line of tin. copper, and sheet metal work for household, building, and
mechanical purposes, while a large assortment of household and
other wares is kept constantly on hand in the store for sale at tlie
lowest prices. A specialty is made of tin-rooflng. spouting, factory
work, smoke stacks, blast and escape pipes, etc. Estimates are
furnished, and contracts of any magnitude arc entered into, and ex-
ecuted promptly and satisfactorily at lowest prices. The goods in
his store are all of Al quality, and embrace everything in the line of
household wares, measures for grocers, saloon keepers, brewers,
distillers, and other lines of trade. Mr. Mesmer is a pleasant, wide,
awake young man. a thoroughgoing mechanic, and merits the suc-
cess he has attained.

'BRIAN & SONS. Merchant Tailors, No. 100 East Seneca Street.
—The essential qualifications to achieve permanent success
in the fashionable tailoring trade are possessed in an eminent
degree by the proprietors of the reliable and liberally patron-
ized house of Messrs. O'Brian & Sons, whose handsomely fitted up
•Btabhshment is centrally located at No. 100 East Seneca Street.
This extensive business was established thirty-five years ago by Mr.
Thomas O'Brian. who conducted it till 1880. when he admitted his
sons. Messrs Thomas and Martin J., into partnership. The sons
have been thoroughly trained to their calling, and arc artist tailors
in the best sense. The firm occupy a handsome four-story building.
STixino feet in area. They employ constantly fifty first-class tailors,
and turn out 890,000 worth of work annually. Their stock embraces
all the latest seasonable goods, including the choicest fabrics, pat-
terns, and textures. No pains or care are spared to suit the most
fastidious, and in point of artistic cutting .ind careful manufacture
they defy competition. To those who require the highest grode of

custom clothing. t.iuMlos ii. ■ v.-o l.s|...l, Uus n..uBe ooninirn.is
itself as one that may be Implicitly rolled on to furnish only sucli
garments as aio 8"i"rior In every respect. Mr. Thomas O'lirlon
was born in Ireland, but has resided In Buffalo for the hist fifty years,
while his sons are natives of this city, where they ore highly re
garded by the commuuity for Iheir ability and Integrity. ICIegance
and line workmanship characterize all their productions, and lo
those who appreciate the abo\e advantages, so difficult lo secure
elsewhere at moderate prices, we strongly commend this honorable
and enterprising firm.

JOSEPH KOEIILKK. Baker. Ci>i:fecllonei-, Etc.. No. S5I Broad-
way.— This popular and «ell patronized bakery and confec-
tionery establishment was founde.l live and thirty years ago
l>y Mr. Frank Koehler, who retired from the busines-s in favor
of his son. Mr. Joseph Koehler. the present proprietor, in IbS". It is
located at No. !&4 Broadway, and constiintes the oldest Imkery in
this section of the city. The premises consist of an eligible stoii-
with baking and manufacturing department in the rear. The lat-
ter is supplied with every facility known to the trade, and the former
is fitted up with a special view to the satisfactory prosecution of the
extensive counter tra<le enjoyed. The large show window is aiwasTt
beautifully arranged with sixjciuiens of fancy cakes, confectionery,
and other delicacies, all of which goods are manufactured on the
premises. All kinds of plain atrd fancy cakes, including rich frrrit
and pound cakes, lady fingers, crullers, jumldes. nraearoons. etc..
are baked fresh every day. and the regular family trade is always
large arrd constant. A specialty is ma<le of supplying weddhigs.
parlies, etc., aird every convenience is at bond for frosting cokes,
making pyramids and foneiful desigirs in sugar, chocolate, an. I
other sweet material. Four skilful bakers an<l confectioners ore em-
ployed, and a large quantity of delicious sweets is turned out daily.
Oriiy the very purest ingredients are used, and the great»'St poins
are taken to fully merit tire first-class patronage that this establish-
urent has always enjoyed.

JH. TH051AR, Dealer in BooU and Shoes. No. 701 Sonecn
Street.— Oni- of the oldest established among the populai-
lioot and shoe dealers in the eastern section of the city is
' Mr. J. H. Thomas. He is a thorotigh-goirrg. active, enter
prising business man of undoubted reputation, and has made it his
aim to please his potroirs ond to give them full value for their
money. Ho is a native of Germany, a gentleman in middle life, and
is esteemed as a business man arrd useful citizen. He established
liimself in business in 1869, orr the corner of Williams and Jefferson
Streets, where hedid a pros;ierous trade for seventeen yeors. In ]8«I
he bought tlie premises now r«cirpied at No. 701 Seneca Street, ond
moving here in 188.5. has eontinrred to do an increasing business. an<l
to merit the reputation Ire has won and enjoys. The store, which
is very tasteful in its fittings, is «x3.'> feet in area, and well st«cke<l
with a choice selection of footwear of every description for nroir.
women, boys, misses, and ch Idren. The goods are all new and
fashionable, made l)y the most distinguished nronufacturers. and
fully warranted in every respect. Mr. Thomas gives his close per
sonal attention to his bitsiness. and will be found courteous and
obliging, and unreniitting in his efforts to please his patrons. He is
a prominent member of tlie (Thosen Friends.

PHIL. KNOBLOCIl, Boots, Shoes, Dry floods. Etc., Nos. 389 to
SOT High Siri-ot -There is no furnishing store in this neigh
borhood where such a multifarious assortment of wearing ap
parel is offered for sale as may be obtaine<l in the establish
ment of Mr. Phil. Knohloch, Nos. 889 to 893 High Street. This gentl.
man originally st.irted in business in a comparatively small way in
1878, his operations at that period being restricted to the handling of
general footwear. In 1889. however, he bought out the dry goods
and notions interest of Mr. A. Pfeil, and has since conducted one of
the leodbig combination .stores of this section of Buffalo. His prcm-
iscs consist of Nos. 3S9 and 891, utilized as a boot and sho<- depart
ment, and No. 39.3. comer of Jefferson, relegated to the dry goo<l«
and notions interests. In the large and varied stock may be found
all styles and vorietiesof boots, shoes, slippers and rubber goods; dry
goods, from the richest silks to the cheapest colicoes; ladies' and
gentlemen's furnishing goods of every description, and a vast array
of notions and fancy goods I

numerous for particulRriiatlon I

ILLUSTRATED

FRANK KELLNER, Baker and Confectioner, No. 463 Connecti-
cut Street— One of the best-knonu bakers and confectioners
on the west side of tlie city is Mr. Frank Kellner, whose
cakes, pies, and confections are much sought after by the
residents of that fasliionable district. Tliis gentleman was born in
in this city some tliirty-six years ago, and lias alwaj-s resided here.
After acquiiing a tliorough knowledge of his tr-ade, he some years
ago established his present business, and from the start secured a
large and influential patronage. The premises occupied are located
at No. ^63 Connecticut Street, and comprise an attractively furnished
store. 40x80 feet in dimensions, together with a well fitted up bake-
shop, equipped with all the latest and most modern devices and ap-
pliances known to the trade. A handsome, cool, and well-lighted
apartment in the rear of the store is used as an ice-cream parlor,
where lovers of the refreshing compound are served with the finest
ices to be found in the city, all of which are manufactured on the
premises. Four experienced, practical bakers and confectioners are
employed, and the house enjoys an enviable reputation for the su-
perior excellence of its products. As none but the purest and best
materials are used, satisfaction is in every way guaranteed. Every
day plain and fancy cakes, and caudles and confectionery are
made fresh, also ice cream and ices, a full and well assorted stock
being always kept on hand. The prices are uniformly moderate.
and as a consequence there is always a great demand. The trade is
a large and profitable one, and covers the whole of Buffalo; two
delivery wagons being constantly on the road delivering orders to
customers free of charge. All orders are promptly and carefully
tilled, and a specialty is made of supplying balls, receptions, church
fairs, picnics, at reduced rates. Mr. Kellner is a thorough, active,
enterprising business man of high repute. He has recently opened
two branch stores, one on Virginia Street, the other on Greenwood
Avenue, and the patronage there accorded him is as substantial as
iD is well deserved.

NASSOY BROS.. Fine Coach, Coup6, Livery and Boarding
Stables, Nos. 400, 402. and 404 Prospect Avenue, Corner Penn-
sylvania, Telephone 1351.— The leading and altogether best
equipped boarding, coach, and coup6 stable in this section of
the city is the well appointed establishment of Nassoy Bros., Nos.
400, 402, and 404 Prospect Avenue, corner Pennsylvania Street. This
is an admirably conducted and first-class place, and for variety and
elegance of turnouts, character of accommodations, and general
appointments, is not surpassed by any establishment of the kind in
Buffalo, while the patronage of the firm is at once large and select.
The stable is a fine three-story .55x130 feet brick structure, with neat
office and tastefully furnished ladies' waiting room in connection, and
is equipped with elevator, speaking tubes, four ventilators, and, in
fact, every facility and convenience that money and skill could put in
service. It is scrupulously clean, excellently lighted and heated by
natural gas, and perfectly ventilated, and has superior accommoda-
tions for seventy-five horses and a great number of vehicles. The office
is also connected by telephone No. 1351, and seven competent hostlers
and drivers are employed, the place being open at all hours. The
proprietors exercise close personal supervision over every detail of
the business. Horses are boarded by the day, week, or month, at
reasonable terms, and carriages of every description are furnished
at any hour and for all occasions at very moderate rates, a superb
line of coaclies, coupi^s, landaus, victorias, phaetons, buggies, etc ,
lieing kept for hire here. Special attention is given to funerals, the
firm conducting a general undertaking establishment also, on the
east side, and all features pertaining to obsequies and interments
are attended to in the most expeditious and superior manner. The
Messrs. Nassoy, by whom the stable building was designed, are
natives of this city and men of entire probity of character.

CHAS. M TURNER, Boarding, Livery, and Sale Stable, No.
1S4 Tenth Street.— Mr. Charles M. Turner has been engaged
in the boarding, livery and sale business at his present ad-
dress for the past nine years, and is probably one of the best
known men in this part of the city. His stables are substantially
constructed, of ample dimensions, and two stories in height. They
are wefi ventilated, lighted, and provided with drains arranged upon
the best sanitary principles, while every attention is given by care-
ful grooms to the care and welfare of the stock. Mr. Turner carries
on a general stabling business, taking horses for board, also keeping

on hand for hire and for sale handsome coaches, landaus, coup6s,
etc., which are modern in style and appearance. His horses, which
are in charge of competent and experienced drivers, are equal to those
of any stable in the city. He has usually on hand about fifteen
horses and about eighteen wagons of all kinds. Horses and light
wagons are let to persons of known responsibility at reasonable
rates. Mr. Turner has had many yeai-s' experience with, and is con-
sidered a high authority in respect of horses. He has a strong at-
tachment for the horses, and consequently takes a deep interest in
their welfare and comfort. Mr. Turner is a native of England and
has resided m the United States for many years. He is a public
spirited citizen, an honorable and straightforward gentleman, and
both in business and social circles is highly esteemed.

FRED. W. GERKING, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Fine
Cigars, No. 206 Goodell Street, Corner Maple.— The trade in
cigai-s forms one of the most important branches of business
in the city, and is conducted by experienced practical men,
among whom is Mr. Fred. W. Gerking. He is a practical cigar
maker, having learned the trade in Germany, his naiive country.
He has lived in Buffalo many years, and several months ago em-
barked in business on his own account at No. 206 Goodell Street,
since when he has received a flattering encouragement, and is rap-
idly building up a spleudid trade, both wholesale and retail. A
two-story building 28x75 feet in area is occupied, and the store,
which is neatly and tastefully fitted up. is well stocked with a choice,
carefully selected assortment of all the leading popular brands of
fine cigars of a superior quality. Mr. Gerking manufactures a num-
ber of special brands of fine and medium grade goods, from the
best selected tobaccos. Among these bi-ands are the "U. N. O.," the
" Little Havana," " C. O. D,," and the " Cuban Star." Mr. Gerking,
who is an active go ahead business man, is young and persevering,
and has just cause to be proud of the success he has won in his en-
terprise. He has a wide circle of friends and acquaintances in the
city, and is held in esteem by all having business dealings with him.

CHAS. O. HERTLE, Jeweler and Watchmaker, No. 500 Wil-
liam Street.— Prominent among the leading jewelry estab-
lishments to be found in this city is that of Mr. Charles O.
Hertle, No. 500 William Street This business was founded
four years ago by the present proprietor, at the above address, and
since its inception at that date has always obtained a large and sub-
stantial patronage. The store is on the first floor, is spacious and
commodious, and is fitted up artistically with highly ornamental
show cases and counters. His stock comprises a full and complete
assortment of fine gold and silver watches, and fine jewelry in all
the prevailing styles, also rings, ear-rings, chains, diamonds of the
purest water, and other precious stones, mounted in the most
unique and latest styles, and other articles to numerous to mention.
These articles cannot fail to supply every want, and satisfy every
taste at the lowest possible prices, and are warranted as represented
in every particular. Special attention is given to fine watch and
clock repairing, skilful workmen only being employed, and entire
satisfaction assured to patrons. Mr. Hertle is a naiive of this city,
has a large trade, and enjoys the respect and esteem of the entire
community. He is a prominent Free Mason, and among that honor-
able body he is widely and favorably known.

JOHN DANNHEIMER, Pastry Bakery and Confectionery, No.
256 Allen Street —Prominent among tbe bakers and confec-
tioners in Buffalo is Mr. John Dannheimer of No. 2.56 Allen
Street. This business was estabUshed in 1886 by him, and he
has obtained a liberal and influential patronage. He is a practical
baker, and his goods are made from the choicest and purest ma-
terials. He personally superintends tbe manufacture of all his goods,
which have a high reputation for their wholesomeness and superior
quality. Mr. Dannheuner makes a specialty of supplying parties,
weddings, picnics, and entertainments with plain and fancy bread,
pastry of all kinds, highly ornamental wedding cakes, confectionery,
and fancy creams and ices of every flavor, at the lowest possible
prices. He is a native of Germany, and has resided in this city many
years. Mr Dannheimer is a very painstaking man of business, and
numbers among his patrons many of the best families in the city, by
whom he is highly respected both as an honorable tradesman and
upright citizen.

ILLUSTRATED

^xBwFALOj^^.

THE QUEEN
CITY OF THE LAKES,

Ml .vliTIlfR & CO., Niagara riiaimaoy, Niagara Street Coruer
Carolina.— tine of tlie iiio.st popular among tlie well con-
(luctea establlsliinents in the Ninili Ward devoted lo tlie
sale of drugs and niedicines i.s tliul familiarly known as tlio
Niagara Pliormacy, wliicli, in point of elegance, reliability, and ex-
tent of business done, occupies a leading prominent position. It is
located at the corner of Niagara and Carolina Streets, and owned
aiul conducted by Messrs. McArlhur & Co. The business reputation
of the establishment is of the highest character, and the careful re-
gard for the interests of the public which distinguishes its operations
lias won for it a measure of popularity shared by but few similar
concerns in the city. It has been in successful operation since 18(<i^,
ill its present location, and under the able management of Sir. Me-
Artlmr, the active member of the firm, the prescription and general
business has continued to grow and increase in volume. The store
measures i'ixSO feet, and is very handsome iu its appointments and
replete with everything tliat constitutes a flrstclass pliarmocy, in-
cluding a soda fountain of elaborate design. A very large stock of
the value of from SSOOO to $10,000 of pure drugs, fresh chemicals,
and proprietary and pharmaceutical preparations, toilet and fancy
articles, sick room supplies, surgical appliances, etc., is alwoys car-
ried, and every care and attention paid to patrons. The prescription
department is corefuily and efficiently directed. Mr. McArthur,
who was born in Cattaraugus County twenty-three years ago, is an
accomplished druggist and a regular graduate of the Buffalo College
of Pharmacy, and a gentleman of high social and business standing
in this community. He is secretary of the Erie County Pharma-
ceutical Association, and enjoys tlie esteem and confidence of a
wide circle of friends and acquaintances.

INTERNATIONiL COPYING COJIPANY, No. 233 Seneca Street.
— The International Copying Company, one of the many con-
cerns lately established in Buffalo which particularly apply
themselves to the enlargement of pictures of all kinds, and the
execution of crayon work, is conceded by connoisseurs to have
rapidly and easily taken the lead in this beautiful and delicate work.
Established in 188G by its present proprietors, Messrs. Charles Good-
rich and Alexander Wood, this prominent house now occupies the
entire building at No. 233 Seneca Sti-eet, 25x60 feet in dimensions;
and from a verj* humble begiiming now does one of the largest trades
in this branch in the state of New York, lis sales last year amount-
ing to over $10,000. Tlie galleries, reception-rooms, salons, etc., are
filled with the choicest exhibits of crayon and similar work, while in
tlie studio a staff of assistants, all ranking high in their art, are
kept constantly employed, executing and filling the orders that the
numerous canvassers employed by the company gather in from all
parts of the city and the territory tributary to it. The orders re-
ceived from other sources, by mail, express, etc., are also very
numerous, and receive prompt attention. Crayon and portrait
work are made a special feature of, and the work turned out is
highly prizeil for its excellence in workmanship and artistic finish.
Framing department is nnder the personal supervision of one of the
proprietors, and owing to the special facilities enjoyed by Messrs.
Goodrich & Woo<l, their picture frames are unrivalled for quality,
elegance and flnisli, as well as for cheapness.

THOS. L. TAI.BOT, Chemist and Druggist, No. 807 Seneca Street.
—The handsomely appointed pharmacy of Mr. Thomas L.
Talbot, nt No. 807 Seneca Street, although established less
than a year, enj.-iys a full measure of public favor and con-
fidence. The store which is admirably arranged and equipped with
ali the modem adjuncts, is very complete. Everything about the
establishment is new and in perfect keeping with the character of
the business. A conspicuous feature is a splendid fountain from
which delicious soda and mineral waters are drawn with"pure, fruit
syrups. The laboratory is in the rear and is provided with every-
tliiiig requisite to insure accuracy in compounding physicians' pre-
scriptions and preparing and dispensing medicines. This depart,
ment is under the supervision of Jtr. Talbot, who has had a long
practical experience and is well versed in all the details pertaining
to this, the most important branch of a well conducted pharmacy.
The stock of me<licines, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, family medi-
cines, tinctures, extracts, etc., is all pure and fresh, and of the
highest standard quality. The same must also be said of the toilet
and fancy articles and perfumes, in short everything in tlie cstati

llsbmeut is new and of a superior quality. A special feature is niodx
of sick-room supplies and suiyical appliances, bandages, etc. Mr
Talbot who was born InCantuIa, has liiren In UufTulo for some time
and is well known as an accomplished chenilst and druggist, and
sustains a high reputation in this community. Ills busiiii-Hs is cim
tinually growing and increasing, and his prospects in the near future
are of liie most favorable character. Mr. Talbot compounds a
special preparation for lung anil tliront complaints which hos a wide
sale. It is known ns "Talbot's Pectoral l>ulsain."and has received
the cordial endorsement of all who have used it.

EICHNER'S East Bakery, Ornaiiiental and Wedding Cakes
a Specialty, No. i'iO William Strwt.- No establisliment de-
voted to the production of bread, cake, and kindred tooth-
some articles in Uuflfalo maintains a better reputation for fine
goods or reliable dealing than " Eichner's East Bokery," No. 520
William Street. It is unquestionably the leading and most popular
place of the kind in this quarter of the city, and has a flourishing
patronage, the trade, which is both wholesale and retail, being very
large. The premises occupied for business purposes, including a
neat store and well equipped bakcshop, are commodious, ample,
and complete, and a dozen or so in help are employed, with three de-
livery wagoni serving customers throughout the city and suburbs.
A large and inviting stock is carried, fresh daily, including whole-
some and delicious bread of every description, both plain and fancy ;
bread rolls, buns, cookies, doughnuts, etc. ; also choice cakes of all
kinds, pies and pastry, the specialty being ornamental and wedding
cake, and all orders are attended to in the most prompt and reliable
manner, while patrons can rely upon getting a first-class article
and satisfactory treatment at all times here. The proprietor, who
is a gentleman in the full prime of life, was born in Canada, but has
resided In Buffalo a number of j'ears. He has been established in
business at the present location since 1885, and from the first has
been highly successful, his patronage growing apace.

FH. RICE, Manufacturer of Light and Heavy Wagons, Sleighs,
"Bobs," Etc., No.401SenecaStrcet— This enterprise is one of
^ the oldest of its kind in the city, and was inaugurated in 1837
by Mr. Daniel S. Rice, father of the present owner of the
property and business. Mr. Rice, Sr., commenced operations on the
Terrace at the corner of Erie Street, tvhere he remained until 1857,
when he built and removed to the premises now occupied. The build-
ing has a front of 50 feet on Seneca, and extends through to Myrtle
Avenue, a distance of 178 feet. It is two stories high and thoroughly
equipped with the best appliances for executing work in the most
substantial maimer. Every attention is paid to manufacturing to
order heavy wagons, trucks and express, grocery, milk, and light
wagons of all kinds; also sleighs and " bobs." For style, workman-
ship, and durability, the work turned out is second to none, while
the prices are as low as those of any other first cla-ss makers in the
city. Mr. Rice was brought up to this business, and upon tlie death
of his father in 1HS8 he -succeeded to its entire control. He main
tains in a highly creditable monner the substantial reputation this
estobUshment has long enjoyed for reliable work. Every attention
is paid to repairing and jobbing. Mr. Rice is popularly known and
enjoys the esteem of a wide circle of friends and business acquaint

JAMES SCHNEIDER, Merchant TaUor, No. 385 Washington
Street.— Among the prominent and old established merchant
tailors of this section of Buffalo, there are none more capable
and competent to cut out and make a stylish suit of clothes
than Mr. James Schneider of No. 335 Washington Street. He em-
barked in business thirty yeai-s ago, and has occupied bis present
commodious quarters since 1S79. He is a skilled and practical cutter
of vast experience, has gained a prominence and celebrity that he
well deserves, and bos won a reputation that places him in the front
rank of the leading merchant tailors of this locality. In his store
there is always a fine selection of suitings, broadcloths, cassimeres,
and vestines in all the fashionable styles of seasonable and desirable
goods, so that no one. not even the most fastidious, can fail to find
something to please him. Mr. Schneider's aim has not only been to
gain custom, but to retain it, and that thw object has been success
fully accomplished is evident in the wide and permanent range of
p-itronage be to-day enjoys He is n prominent and highly respected
member of the Buffalo Merchant Tailors' .\ssocintion

ILLUSTRATED

i«;s

*.1jyFrAL0jC.

WATERS & SEYMOUR, Grain Commission Merchants, Ko.
54 Board of Trade Building.— Of aU the great factors oon-
tributinK to the general commercial activity of this city,
there are none that come within measurable distance of
the grain trade in point of interest and importance. As a centre of
wheat traffic. Buffalo is scarcely second to New York, and, with the
exception of tlie metropolis, is the only [loint to which llie product
of all the wheat growing sections converges, while all signs indicate
that this city is destined to maintain supremacy in the future.
While natural advantages and unequalled transportation facilities
have been prime elements in the up building of this vast interest
here in Buffalo, the energy and enterpiise of our leading mer-
chants have been equally important features, and in this connection
more than passing mention is due Waters & Seymour, whose
ofBce is located in the Board of Tiade Building, room 54. They are
general commission merchants for the pmchase and sale of wheat,
oats, corn, rye, barley, etc., giving special attention to consignments,
and altogether their business is exceedingly large, handling over
5,000,000 bushels of grain annually. The house receives from all
points in the west, and ships extensively to the Atlantic seaboard,
the transactions of the firm equaling those of any grain merchants
in Buffalo. The house was established about three years ago, and
the unequivocal success that has attended the business from the first
abundantly attests the wisdom that inspired the venture, to say
nothing of the energy and ability displayed in its management,
Messrs. Waters and Seymour, who are prominent members of the
^lerchants' Excliange, are comparatively young men. and natives
respectively of Oswego and Buffalo. They are gentlemen of the
highest personal integrity, as well as of enterprise and thorough ex-
perience, w:th a close knowledge of the grain market, and all per-
sons having business transactions with them are assured of finding
(he same of an eminently satisfactory character.

John (J. Tlioine, vice-piesident; Adam Rehm, treasurer ; Hor2ice'
Piatt, secretary; James A. Thiu-ber, manager; George S. Thorne,.
general agent; and Messrs. Laughlin, Ewell and Houpt the com-
pany's consulting attorneys. From its incorporation down to the
present time, the company has gained upon public confidence and
favor, insomuch so that it would not be any exaggeration to say
that the People's :Mutual Live Stock Insurance Company of Buffalo
to day holds a first place among insurance companies of its class.

DRISCOLL & FLETCHER, Practical Printers' Machinists, Nos.
78 and 80 Washington Street.— In tliis city among those having
a high reputation in this special industry we find the firm of
Driscoll and Fletcher, who are practical and experienced
printers' machinists, having a thorough knowledge of all the details
connected with the business. They have been associated and estab-
lished in this city since 1887, and achieved a wide reputation and are
generally recognized as the leading representatives in their special
line. The premises occupied are commodious, and comprise a work-
shop 30x40 feet in area, practically arranged and perfectly equipped,
and a salesroom 50x40 feet in size, containing a large and varied
stock of everything pertaining to the business of the printer and
bookbinder, and lithographer, including new and second hand
presses of the latest improved kind for executing printing of every
description, also book binding machinery and presses, and pulleys,
hangers, and shafting and supplies generally. Every care and attei>-
tioii is paid to orders, and we know of no better reference as to the
character and standing of the Messrs. DriscoU & Fletcher, or their
qualifications as practical printers' machinists than the three years
they have been in the city, and the universal satisfaction they have
given all who have had dealings with their house. The telephone
call is 46.

BOWEN MOORE, U. S. Pension and Claims Attorney,
Nos. 360 to 3M Main Street.— Owing to the necessary
legal forms which have been established to protect the
pensioner, the average citizen drawing from the bounty
ut the United States Treasury usually places his claim in the hands
,jf a reliable pension agent, and in Buffalo none has been found more
faithful and trustwortliy than Mr. W. Bowen Moore, who established
this agency eight years ago, where he has every facility for con-
ducting his extensive and steadily growing business. Mr. Moore
was late supervising special agent U. S. Treasury Department, and
late special examiner U. S. Pension Office. His intimate knowledge
of every detail pertaining to the pension bureau renders it compara-
tively easy for him to push promptly any claim. Much of his busi-
ness is transacted by mail, and every effort is made to efficiently
secure to customers their rights. Mr. W. Bowen Moore undertakes
the collection of all kinds of Government claims, and has been re-
markably successful in everything he has undertaken. He is prompt,
thoroughly honorable and reliable, and is possessed of that practi-
cal Imowledge of the working of Government Departments that
specially adapts him to his present calling. At the outbreak of the
Civil War he enlisted as a private in the Second Illinois Cavalry, and
eventually became colonel of the First Texas Cavalry. He was
present at eighty actual engagements, and was noted for his bravery
and devotion to the cause of the Union. Rejected claims and claims
that have been pending a long time are especially solicited.

THE PEOPLE'S MUTUAL LrVT;-STOCK INSURANCE COM-
PANY, No. 14 E. Seneca Street.— The insurance of live-stock
against loss by disease or accident is not by any means a new-
business, but has been in existence in Europe for the past
jentury or more. In this country, however, it is a comparatively
new departure in insurance, as may be deduced from the statement
;hat the People's Mutual Live Stock Insurance Company of Buffalo
is the first company organized under the revised insurance laws, and
chartered by the Insurance Department of the State of New York
under such revision. The home office of the company is located at
No. 14 East Seneca Street, and agencies have already been estab-
lished all over the Empire State. The following gentlemen, who are
widely and favorably known in business circles for their enterprise and
just methods, are the executive officers: Chas. W. Fuller, president ;

EDWARD C. ROTH & CO., Fire Insurance, No. 230 Main Street.
-There is probably no branch of commercial activity which
commends itself so directly to the appreciative consideration
of business men and property holders generally as that which
provides against possible loss through the medium of insurance. As
a representative offlce of this city engaged in this worthy pursuit
may be mentioned that of Messrs. Edward C. Roth & Co., located in
the marine bank building, No. 280 Main Street. This business wa*
originally established by Messrs. Ferguson & Roth in 1880, with head-
quarters in the White Building. After the death of Mr. Ferguson in
1885, Mr. Roth formed the present lirm, Mr. George H. Hughson
representing the "Co." of the concern, and removal was made to
the quarters now occupied. Messrs. Roth & Co. represent the fol-
lowing well known companies, in which they are prepared to write
liberal lines on all classes of hazards: Eagle Fire. Home Insurance,
Manufactiu-ers" and Builders, Broadway, Park Ins. Co., and Fidelity
and Casualty (plate glass) of New Y'ork; United Firemen's and In-
surance Company, State of Pennsylvania, of Philadelphia; also the
Guardian Assurance and Phcenix Assurance Companies of London,
England. By their strict integrity and equitable methods they have
secured a large and most desirable patronage in this city and vicinity,
and are generally esteemed as representative exponents of their im-
portant business and worthy citizens of the community.

JACOB REIMANN, Builder and Contractor, Office, Nos 174 and 176
Ellicott Street.— One of the most reliable contractors and
builders in the city of Buffalo is Mr. Jacob Reimann, who is a
thoroughly practical and expert builder; he was born in Ger-
many, but has been a resident of Buffalo for the last forty-six years,
and established this business in 1863. Mr. Reimann occupies a com-
modious three storj- building, which is fully suppUed with modem
appliances, tools, and machinery, and is prepared at all times to-
contract for the repair or alteration of old premises, or the erection
of new buildings, and guarantees entire satisfaction to patrons in
every instance. His work is highly endorsed by architects and
property owners, and is noted for its stability and workmanship,
while his prices in all cases are extremely reasonable. Mr. Rei-
mann is highly esteemed in trade circles for his ability and integrity,
and is a popular member of the Knildprs' Exchange and Bu-siness

ILLUSTRATED

pl/FFALOjii.r'^"^^"'^^^

CITY OF THE LAKES.

DAVID OAKDNER, Vienna Bakery, No. 497 Clinton Street. -The
"OrlRlnal Vienna Bakery," David Gnrilner, proprietor, No.
197 Clinton Street, Is williout exception the leinllnR and mo.st
popular establlsbnient of its kind in ButTalo. The bread,
breakfast rolls and cake produced hero ai-e noted for their purity
and choice quuhty, and as a consequence have secured nn enduring;
hold on public favor. The goods are by Reiierul ossent the most
superior products in the Hne indicated oflered for- sale in this city,
and are maintained at a uniforndy IiIkIi standard of excellence.
The premises occupied as store and bakehouse are spacious, com-
niodious. and well appointed in every particular, and sixteen in help
are employed, while live delivery wukoos serve cnslmners nil over
town. A large and very invitiug assortment is kept on hand always,
including wholesome and toothsome bread of all kinds, both plain
and fancy, delicious rolls, buns, etc.. fresh, pure, and choice cake in
great variety, crackers, cookies, and all orders are attended Ut in the
most prompt and satisfactory manner, patrons being served at any
time of the day. Mr. Gardner, who is o man in the full prime of
life and a Hungarian by birth, but many years in this city, is a
thoroughly practicol baker himself, and acquired his art in Vienna.
He is a gentleman of pleasing manners and strict integrity in his
dealings, as well as of push and energy, and prior to going in busi-
ness on his own account in 1886 had been foreman for Smith. Falke
.t Co., on Michigan Street, a number of years.

LP. RBUCHERT, Hardware, Stoves, Etc., Nos. 510 and SIS
Washington Street.— This enterprise was founded by its
, present proprietor and brother 21 years ago, and has been
conducted to date with a degree of success as marked as it
has been conducted to date witli a degree of success as marked as it
has been well de.served. The premises occupied comprise a spacious
and commodious store and basement, .SOxlOO feet in dimensions,
finely appointed and fltte<l up in the best possible monner, and thor-
oughly equipped with everything required in tlie business. The
stock of goods is very large and comprehensive, embracing a care-
fully selected assortment of builders' and general hardware of
every description. A complete line of office, parlor, and cooking
stoves, ranges, and furnaces in all the latest ami improved patterns
(a. specialty being made of the celebrated Jewett ranges and stoves)
together with a line display of house-fnrnishing goods, such as tin.
copper, sheet iron, wood and willow ware, all of nhich are offered
at the lowest possible prices and cannot fail to ple:>se purchasers.
Mr. Reichert likewise deals extensively in birds, bird cages, bird
seeds, food and medicines, and gives prompt attention to every de-
scription of linsmithing and repairs. He is a native of Buffalo, and
originally commenced business on a comparatively small scale on
Main Street in 1S69, removing to the present more commodious
quarters in 1885. He is oneof the water commissioners tor the city, and
serveil one term in the alderman ic board, and isaprominent member
of the G. A. R,. and enjoys generally the respect and e.steem of the

Ml N.WGHTOX & BAPST, General Contractors, Corner Eaxle
and Pearl Streets —There is no feature of the development
of the country of more interest than that of the prompt
completion of public works of a dIfTlctdt and extensive
character, requiring ability, practical experience, coupled %vith
ample resources. In this conne ...^n we desire to make s|>ecial
i-eference in this commercial review of BulTalo to the progressive
and reliable firm of Messrs. McNaughton .4 Bapst. general contract-
oi-s. wh'We office is located at Koom 14 Kremlin Hnll. Corner Eagle
anil Pearl Streets. This business was estHljIislnd in 1SX4 liy Messrs.
Pliny B. McNaughton and Frank I,. liapsi. whose skill ami engineer-
ing abilities have been displayed in thi- many important coiuracts
t liey have so successfully executed They make a specialty of sewer
and street construction, and last year executed over Sjno.OOO worth
of work for the city, and have contracts now in hainl amounting to
over Siso.iioo. Their work is highly endorsed by engineers, and has
given tlie greatest satisfaction to the officials. They ofti-n employ
.VW men. and have ample capital at command to insure the speedy
completion of all contracts let to them. Messrs. McNaughton end
Bapst are natives of Buffalo, where they are highly regarded in busi-
ness circles for their energy, promptness and integrity. They imder-
take the most difficult and extensive sewer building contracts, and

careful general contractors can be found

ranks of I

RBLUE & CO., Comudssion Uealere in Cattle, Hogs, and
Sheep, No. 1035 William Street.— There is no branch of
commerce In the United Slates or elsewhere that is ol
more importance ami ehters more intimately into Uie mer
canlile interests of a locality, than the buying and selhng of Uvu
stock. Dealers in live stock will tlml it greatly to their advantage to
try the Buffalo market befon- shipping cl.sewhere. as it is one of tin-
best in the east, and has facilities for handling cattle, sln-ep, anil
hogs second to none. In this connection we di-sire to make sfH-cial
reference to the progressive ond reliable flrin of Sle.ssrs. K. Blue &
Co., commission di-rJers in cattle, hogs, and sheep, whose offices are
located at No. 10.35 William Street. This business was established in
1887 by Messrs. R. and A. S. Blue, who conducted it till 1890, win n
Mr. Ira S. Irey became a partner, the firm being known by the style
and title of R. Blue & Co, The linn handle wwkly large number
of cattle, hogs, and sheep. Consignments of live stock receivt
the immediate personal attention of the parlnei-s. JIes.srs. R. Blin
.t Co. olterto shippers every inducement in the way of liberal ad
vances, ami prompt retiuTis for stock consigned, .-ind wire sales us
soon as made. All communications by mail or telegraph aie
promptly answere I, and patrons are reqiiesiwl lo ship slock in their
own names to the care of the firm. Messrs. U. ami A. S. Blue are
natives of Indiana, while Mr. I-ey was h.ini iu Ohio. They are
highly regarded in commercial circles for their integrity and energy,
and justly merit the success attained in this important brancli of the
business interests of the growing city of Buffalo.

BARTH & KNOBLOCH. General Bookbinders. No. 369 Washing-
ton Street.— The members of this flnu are Messi-s." Geo. F.
Biiith and George Knobloch, both young men and Buffalo
nians by birth, and thoroughly experienced in all lirauches
of their trade. They foi-med this copartnership umlcr the preseut
title and inr.ugnrateil this enierprisc early in the > ear 1890, and from
the start its record has Ix'en one of pronounced success, the result
of turning out a veiy superior class of work and attending strictly
to the wants of customers. The ofTice and lirndei-}- occupy an entire
floor of No. SC9 Washington Street. 2-">xl2r> feet in dimensions and
fully eqippped with ami>le and excellent facilities, while employ-
ment is furnished to a full force of skilled and experienced hands.
The range of products embrace all kinilsof plain and ornamental
bookbinding, also pamphlet and law case work, blank check, receipt,
note, pads, and kindred stationery work. A specialty is made ol
blank hooks with spring backs for coi-porations such as mercantile,
railroad, insurance, city, town, and county work, also of sheet
music, subscription pictorial works, periodicals, magazines, memo-
rials and testimonials in stiff' or flexible covei'S. and with plain, gilt
or marbled edges. Estimates are furnished and contracts are made
and executed promptly and satisf.ictordy at lowest figures. Messr-s
Baith and Koobloch are pleasant, courteous and energetic young
men, skilled in their trade and are thoroughly reliable and honora-
ble in all their dealings.

THE MUTUAL UKE INSURANCE C<.>.MPANY OF NEW YORK.
No. IG White Building. E. S. Warren. Agent.— It ought to hi-
widely known, that you can gel insurance for its actual cost
with that reliable, wialthy. ond ably managed cor|)oration
'•The Mutual Life In.surance Company of New York." This famous
company was incorporated in l&K and its assets December 31, 18S0.
amounted to the enormous sum of SlS'!,40I,3i!8.02. The Mutua.
Life is a great Nationil institution, a ffnancial bulwark to the widow
and fatherless, and a most desirable torporatiou. in which to place
money as a superior flnaticial investment. It is the cheapest com-
pany in which to insure, its large dividend returns reducing the cosi
of insurance below that of any other corporation. Its fiv.- yar dis
tribution policy is the most liberal and jKipnlnr of any. The com
pnny's business in Buffalo is iindi*r tin" able and careful managi*
rnent of Mr. E. S. Warren, the offlco being located at No. If. Wliito
Building. Mr. Warren has l)een agent since 1889. and is highly re-
garded by the coinniunity for his promptness and integrity. This
company has paid to its policy holders SSAI.OOO.OOO, and its'paymenla
for the year 1889 excee<led $ir.,000.0OO.

170

ILLUSTRATED

THE <1UEEN
CITY OF THE LAKES.

JF. DOLL & COMPANY, Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
Cycles, No. 60:.> Main Street.— Tlie foundation o( the house
dates from about a year ago and under the able direction
and guidance of Jlr. Doll the head o£ the firm who is un-
remitting in his efforts, a brilliant success has been achieved and a
splendid wholesale and retail business established, which is not con-
fined to the city but is widely diffused throughout all sections of the
western part of the state. The premises utilized for the purposes
of the Vmsiness comprise a store '.^xlTS feet in area and a fine dry
basement which is used for storing stock which includes bicycles and
tricycles of the best American and English manufacture, and also
the popular " Swift," " Ormonde" " League," and " Safeties," and a
general assortment of cycle sundries of every description. The
house furnishes '* machines" and also makes a business of dispo.sing
of them on a plan which involves .small periodical payments and in
this way has sold many hundreds of ** wheels" in the city and the
adjoining sections. Repaiiing cycles and safeties is a special fea-
ture, the work being executed with skill in the best and most sub-
stantial manner at fair reasonable prices. The house carries a stock
of cycles valued at from $80'J0 to $10,000, and business is always
active and brisk and steadily growing and increasing under the
stimulating effects of ample resources, perfected purchasing facil-
ities, business capacity of the liighest degree, and the unremitting
energy and industry of Mr. Doll, who is young, active, energetic, and
persevering. He is widely known and very popular in this com-
munity, enjoying a wide circle of friends and acquaintances among
wheelmen and the citizens generally.

LOUIS NOELLER, Wholesale Furniture Manufacturer, Wood
Turning of all kinds, No. 47 Locust Street.— Among the
reliable and representative hou.ses actively engaged in the
manufacture of furniture in Buffalo is that of Mr. Louis
Noeller at No. 47 Locust Street. Mr. Noeller is a native of this city,
and established his present house in 1880. From the start, through
strict attention to business, and upright and equitable dealings, he
has enjoyed a large flourishing and permanent trade. The premises
he occupies are his own property, and comprise a dwelling house in
the front, with factory 30x30 feet in dimensions, and two story high.
in the rear. This latter is thoroughly equipped with all that is
requisite to the transaction of a large and first-class business. A
force of skilled and competent workmen are employed, and all
kinds of furniture produced to order at short notice. The house is
noted for the superiority of the materials used in the confection of
its goods, as well as for the excellent workmanship displayed. The
trade done is a large and widespread one, covering the whole city,
and is exclusively wholesale, jobbers only being dealt with. Mr.
Noeller is a practical wood tui-ner and carver, and is prepared to
execute any kind of work in this line, all orders receiving prompt
attention. The prices charged are invariably moderate, and favor-
able terms are granted to dealers. He is highly esteemed by all
with whom he has dealiiigs.

ANTHONY E. EHRENREICH, Dealer in Stoves. Ranges, Join-
ers' Tools, General Hardware, Lamps, Coal Oil. Etc , No. 313
Elk Street —In this city among those actively engaged in the
business, we find Mr. Anthony E. Ehrenreich, who, although
a young man, has had considerable experience in the trade, and is
also a practical tin and sheet iron worker, and for a period of fifteen
years was employed in the bouse of Shepard, Sidney & Co. He em-
barked in business on his own account in 1887, since when he has
been successful and won the esteem and confidence of all having
dealings with him. The store occupied has a depth of 100 feet, and
contains a large and varied stock of general hardware, mechanics'
tools, cutlery, shelf goods, nails, etc., and also house keeping and
kitchen fiuTiishing goods, and parlor and cooking stoves, and ranges
containing the latest improvements, and lamps of every description.
Mr. Ehrenreich has a well equipped workshop, and gives his personal
attention to doing all kinds of tin. copper, brass, and sheet iron work,
and repairing stoves and ranges, and attending to jobbing in every-
thing pertaining to his business. Estimates for work are given, and
orders always receive prompt attention. Popular prices prevail, and
a splendid business is being carried on. Mr. Ehrenreich in a Ger-
man by birth . He came to this country many years ago and located
in Buffalo in 1870. He is well known and popular as an upright, hon
orable business man, and a member of the C. M. B. A.

NMOERSHFELDER, Barbers' Supphes and Cutlery, Nos
501 and 503 Main Street —This business was established ir
IKO by Mr. N. Moershfelder, who conducted it till 1887,
when he died after a successful and honorable career. He
was succeeded by his widow, who has appointed her son, Mr. E. C.
Moershfelder, manager. The premises occupied comprise a spacious
floor, 25x100 feet in area, with a well equipped workshop in the
rear. The business is both wholesale and retail, and the stock in-
cludes ail kinds of barbers' supplies and cutlery, concave razors,
tailor and, barber shears, hones, clippers, razor strops, combs, etc
Mr. Moershfelder also attends carefully to grinding and repairing,
the work being done by steam power at short notice, while a
specialty is made of concaving razors. Six skUled workmen are em-
ployed, and the trade of the house extends throughout western New
York and Pennsylvania. Orders are carefully filled at the lowest
possible prices, and entire satisfaction is guaranteed to patrons Mr.
E. C. Moershfelder is a native of Buffalo. He is highly esteemed by
the community f nr his business ability and integrity, and is very
popular in trade circles.

T& E. DICKINSON, Dealers in Diamonds, Rubies. Watches,
Jeweh-y, Etc., No. S.54 Main Street.— This business was es-
, tablished by Mr. Thos. Dickinson in 184!), m a store on Main
Street, opposite the old Phcenix Hotel, now the Tiflt House
Mr. Dickinson moved to his present quarters m 1865, and eventually
took m his wife, Mrs. EUzabeth Dickinson, into partnership, the firm
being known by the style and title of T. & E. Dickinson. The prem
ises occupied comprise a spacious store 25x133 feet in dimensions.
Here an vmusually large assortment of diamond goods can be seen,
as well as gold and silver watches, rubies, sapphu-es, pearls, emer-
alds, solid sUverware, clocks, silver plated ware, brass and optical
goods, canes, novelties, etc., while special attention is given to re-
pairs. The firm does all its own diamond mounting, and possesses
many matched stones of rare beauty which cannot be readily dupli-
cated elsewhere, while the prices quoted for all goods are extremely
moderate. This .tore is the resort of the best people of Buffalo and
its vicinity, the class who recognize and appreciate artistic taste,
gemiine value and the highest grade of workmanship. Any one re-
quiring the finest goods in the jewelry line cannot do better than
visit Mr. and Mrs. Dickinson, who are noted for their honorable
methods, and whose success is as substantial, as it is well merited

REICHELL & SCHEUNEMAN. Pattern Makers, Nos. 80, 83, and
84 Terrace.— Messrs. Reichell & Scheuneman are skilled me-
chanics, and are particularly expert in designing and making
draughts of intricate and complicated mechanism, and pro
duce patterns from models with that intelligent apprehension am"
promptness that have given them a reputation not excelled by any
others in the city. All kinds of working and experimental models
and patterns are made to order at short notice, and special attention
is given to turning, jig, band, and circular sawing. The workshop
on the third floor of the building, Nos. 80. 88, and 84 Terrace, is per-
fectly fitted up and equipped with special machinery and appliances
operated by steam power, constant employment being afforded a
force of four skilled workmen. Both members of the firm are well
known to manufacturers and inventors, and their ideas, opinions, and
suggestions are sought tor and appreciated throughout this section.

M,\RK MITCHELL, Dealer in Groceries and Provisions, Etc.^
Corner Cherry and Spruce Streets.— Among those who have
attained prominence in the grocery and provision line is
Mr. Mark Mitcliell, whose elegant and attractive store is
located on the coiner of Cherry and Spruce Streets. Tliis business
was established in 18C9 by Mr. Mitchell, who has since built up a
large and substantial trade. His store is 30x125 feet in dimensions
and is elegantly fitted up; a fine display is made therein of choice
groceries, condiments, and delicacies for the table, not surpassed
by any other house in the same line in this city. The slock also
embraces the finest flour, creamery butter, teas, coffees, spices,
wines and liquors of a superior quality, the most noted and popular
brands of Havana and domestic cigars, and fruits and hermetically
sealed goods of foreign and home productions. The prices asked
for all goods are very reasonable. Mr. Mitchell was born in Eng-
land, and came to Buffalo from that country forty years ago. He
is widely known and highly respected as a public spirited and use-
ful citizen.

ILLUSTRATED

*^B\/FFALOJC

THE aUEEN
CITY OF Tlit LAKES^

EDWARD J. McCUE, Dealer in Choice Family Orocerics and
Provisions, Nos. 124 Hampshire Street, and 718 West Avenue.
—One of the most popular among the representative grocery
establishments in the western section of the Kleventh Ward
is that of Mr. J. McCiie, No. Ii4 Hanipslilre Sti-eeU Mr. McCue is a
young man who has had (piit<* an extended experience in the grocery
trade, and embarljed in business on liis own account in 1887. Tiie
suc-cess won and enjoyed greatly redounds to his credit. He was
bom in this city, and is thorough-going, active, and entJrprising,
and has a wide ciicleof friends and acquaintances. The premises
occupied are of ample dimensions, and afford every convenience tor
tlie storage of the slock, valued at from $5000 to JlKKlO, that is always
carried. Four clerks are employed, and three wagons are utilized
for making deliveries. Tlie stock is full and complete in nil depart-
ments, and Mr. McCue can always offer special inducements in the
tine>t and lit'-st new crop teas, splendid colTees, pure sugars, spices,
syrups, iiii.l family Hour; canned goods, condiment.s, table delicacies,
fresh cr eiiiuery aud dair)- butter, eggs, country produce, and every-
thing in tiie way of family supplies. Butter and f resii eggs and coun-
try produce are received daily, and all goods are fully warranted as
represented. Mr. McCue commands an extensive trade, and it
should bo said to his credit that by his energy, enterprise, aud fair,
square dealing, the patronage is steadily growing and increasing in
volume and importance. He is one of the youngest busineBs men
in this section of the city, and a well know n member of the Ferrj-
Loan Association, aud the C. yi. B. A. He is a gentleman of spleu-
did business abihties, enterprise, and sterling integrity.

GEO. D. WIQHTMAX, Designer and Engraver on Wood, No. 60
Pearl Street, near Seneca —The oldest, most accomplished,
and best known representative desigjer and engraver on
wood in this city is unquestionably Mr. Geo D. Wightman,
who has made it a special study during a long series of years. He is
a native of London, England, where be was born in 183.5. He came
to New York in 1842. and five y«irs after removed to Buffalo, where
he lias since resided. He was estabUshcd in business on Main Street
until 1882, when he removed to the premises now occupieil on the
third floor of the building. No. 60 Pearl Street Mr. Wiglitraan's
work covers all branches of the art of designing aud engraving on
wood, from the careful and artistically executed portrait to the ordi-
nary woodcut for newspaper illustration. His work includes fine
catalogue work, views of buildings, landscapes, and machinery; in
short, any and every thing pertaining to the business. He is well
equipped for all purposes of the business, is provided with a camera
and a complete photograph outfit to assi.st him in his work, and his
time is fully occupied. Mr. Wightman. who is 65 years of age, has
every appearance of a man of 50. He is active and enterprising, and
during his long career has executed some of the finest and Ijest work
in his line to be seen in the city. In whatever he undertakes to do
he never fails to give the best satisfaction.

WEEKS' SCALE WORKS, Weeks & Ray, Proprietors, No.
620 Washington Street.— A summary of Buffalo's notable
monufacturing concerns would not be complete without
mention of the widely-known Weeks' Scale Works, No.
CM Wa.shington Street, Weeks & Ray. Proprietors, whose productions
are in mcreasing demand all ovei- the United States, owing to their
general excellence. The firm are manufacturers of Weeks' Patent
Combination Beam U. S. Standard Scales, which have no weights to
be lost or stolen, and are .so constructed as to be imequalled for
accuracy and durability. These articles are the ne plua ullm of plat-
form scales, and of the superiority of the same there could he no
more unfailing criterion than the wide sale they command throughout
the country. The establishment occupies three 2.5x1-2.5 floors, with
ample and complete facilities, and an efficient staff is employed, the
manufacturing being done by contract. .Besides their own produc-
tions, the firm also handle a general line of scales and safes of every
size, style, and variety, and carry on hand always a very large and
first-class assortment, all orders, wholesale or retail, receiving prompt
attention Every article sold here Ls fully warranted, while rock-bot-
tom prices are quoted. This flourishing enterpri."e was started about
ten years ago by the present proprietors, and from i'« inception has
proved a signally successful venture. Messrs. Weeks and Ray are
both men of thorough practical skill and many years' experience, the
former, who founded the Buffalo Scale Works, having been with the

Fairbanks concern some twelve years prior to going into businew for
himself, while the latter was formerly a steam gauge mauufaeturer
In this city for several years.

WILLIAM URENNAN. General Commission Merchant an. I
Wholesale Dealer in Grocers' Supplies, Nos .538 and m>
Wasliicglon Street.— The facilities offered by Buffalo for
the pros«:cution of the conmiission business, by reason of
her numerous and far-reucbing hues of transportation, both rail and
water, and her contiguity ton largely popidated coiiKuming territory,
have been tlie means of crentiug large aud inUueulial e-<tablislimi-nts
devoted to this useful branch of industry. A representative honst;
engaged in the general commission trade and wholesale Imndling of
grocers' supplies is that of Mr. William Brennan. Nos .59S and WK)
Washington Street. Mr. Brennan founded this enterprise in 1888, pre-
vious to which dale he was engaged in the retail grocery trade. In
his present line be has met with marketl success, acquiring a large,
active, and permanent trade. The spacious store occupied has di-
mensions of about 40x100 feet, 4 stories, besides fine tiasenient under
entire building is conveniently appointed, ond contains a heavy,
superior stock of grocers' supplies of every description, cU» a choice
line of butter, eggs, fruits (both foreign and domestic), vegetables,
and produce generally, and in wldition hasa large trade in hay. straw,
etc , and good storage facilities for same. He offers the trade choiie
goods at the lowest market quotations. As a conniilssion merchant
Mr. Brennan possesses imexcelled facilities for the dii^posal of ci^n-
signments at the most favorable rates, and can gujiruntee prompt
retiu-ns in every instanc-. He is unremitting in his attention to the
promotion of his patrons* interests, and all his transactions are con-
ducted upon a basis of strict conmiercial integrity and liberality. He
is a heavy owner of real estate in city and vicitiity.

WILLIAM C. VOSS, Proprietor of "The Voss House," X..
997 William Street, East Buffalo (Opposite New York Cin
tral Stock Yards).- One of the most comfortable hotels in
East Buffalo is that known as "The Voss House.'" No. V.C
William Street, opposite New York Central Stock Yards, of which
Mr. William C. Voss is Ihe energetic proprietor. .Mr. Voss opened
tliLs house in 1887, and already lias secured a liberal patronage. The
house is a coniniodious three-story building, 40x80 feet in dimen-
sions, and can accommodate sixij'-Hve guests. It has recently been
newly furiiisluHl and renovated, and has an excellent restaurant and
sample room attached. A siiecialty is made of first-class beds.
Meals are promptly prepared to onlcr, and ihe wines, liquors, ales,
and cigars are unsurpas.sed for quality and excellence. The house
is largely patronized by live stock men, and every effort is ma/le to
make his guests at liome and comfortable. The rates are moderate
and the table is supplied with the best in the market. 51r. Voss is a
native of Buffalo, is highly regarded by the comiiinnity. and (lopular
with ills guests.

DR. E. LITTLE. Chemist and Druggist, No. 161 Main Street
(Mansion House Block).— That a well conducted pharmacy.
ably managed according to iiiodern ideas, is a great conve-
nience to a community is too palpable to admit of <piestion.
There are certoinly none under more capable and efficient manage-
ment than that of Dr. E. Little, No. 161 Main Street, in the Mansion
House Block. Dr. Little is a regular graduote of one of the best
medical colleges in the country, and for some time has been in the
successful practice of his profession. Since 1878 he has been located
at his present address, where, besides attending to liis office, he
gives his personal supervision to the pharmacy. The store is very
tastefully fitted up, and besides the usual line of drugs and iiiedi
cines, a full asssortmenl of pharmaceuticals and proprietary prepa-
rations, sick room supplies, tinctures, tonics, extracts, elixirs, etc.,
also imported and domestic toilet articles, perfumes, trusses, ban-
dages, and surgical appliances ore always kept on sale. Dr. Little
uses only drugs and medicines that are fresh and pure, and of the
highest standard quality, and superintends and directs the prescrip-
tion department with that skill and care his long experience as a
physician and pharmacist enables him to exercise. The doctor's
office hours are 8 a. m.. 2 to 4 p. m., and 7 p. a. His residence is at
No. 848 Virginia Street. Dr. Little enjoys a high reputation in this
community as a me<lical practitioner, and occupies a leading position
among the eminent physicians in this section of the state.

ILLUSTRATED

ELMER L. DUNCA.N, Real Estate and Insurance, No. 36 Niagara
Street. -A successful and energetic business man of the city
of BuCEalo, b; Mr. Elmer L. Duncan, real estate and insurance
agent and broker, whose well appointed and handsomely fur-
nished offices are located at No. 36 Niagara Street, in Room SO of the
Real Estate Exchange Building. This business was established by
him some ten years ago and from its inception his perseverance, in-
dustry, and high qualifications secured an extensive and very influ-
ential patronage. In March 1839 he removed to the cheerful and
well equipped quarters now occupied by bim, and which are centrally
and conveniently situated, and easy of access from all parts of the
city. The business done is a very large one, and includes the buy-
ing and selling of real estate both city, suburban, and fai-ni lands,
the leasing of property, collection of rents, and general manage-
ment of property for absent landowners. Loans and mortgages are
also negotiated on the most favorable terms, tax and title searches
are furnished, etc. He is an extensive owner of real estate in this
city and vicinity, and offers for sale or exchange some of the choicest
lots in the market, in the most desirable quarters for building pur-
poses. His long experience and thorough knowledge of the values
of realty render him a safe and pi-udect cormsellor in such matters,
and intending investors cannot do better than seek his advice,
which he is always willing to give when it is sou.i^ht for. In addi-
tion to his real estate business, he also does a general fire insurance
business, and is the local representative of the well known and re-
sponsible American Insurance Company. Policies are written by
him in the best companies at low rates, and all claims are promptly
adjusted and settlements effected without delay. Mr. Duncan was
born in Allegheny County, N. Y., and has resided in Buffalo some
ten years. He is successful and popular, while his methods are
liberal and highly reliable.

FHAINZ, Fine French MilUnery, No. 51)2 .Main Street.— An ex
ceedingly fine and very complete assortment of every-
thing in the line of French millinery is always displayed here,
including all the latest novelties, while the prices prevailing
are maintained at the lowest possible figures. Hats and bonnets are
altered and trimmed, in like manner, in the very best style of the
milliner's art. a number of expert hands being regularly employed;
and patrons are assured of getting prompt acd polite attention in
every instance as well as an excellent article and satisfactory treat-
ment in this desei-vedly popular emporium. The store, which is cen-
trally located, is spacious, neat, and attractive, and several courteous
salesladies are in attendance, the proprietor himself exercising per-
sonal supervision over the entire establishment. The stock, which
is large and elegant, includes bonnets and hats in exquisite shapes
and styles, and in great variety: rich and beautiful feathers, plumes
flowers, beads, etc. ; also superb silk.s, satins, plushes, ribbons and
fashionable millinery goods of every description. Mr. Hainz, who is
a gentleman somewhat past the meridian of life, but active and en
ergetic, was born in Germany, but has long been a respected resi-
dent of Buffalo. He has been in business in this city since 1869, and
was formerly located on corner Genesee and Oak Streets, moving to
the present commodious quarters some two years since. Mr. Hainz,
who served in the German army for six years in his youth, was a
compatriot of Carl Schurz, General Franz Siegel, and the other bril-
liant son;! of the Fatherland, who some torty-iwo years ago inaugur
ated the movement for the overthrow of monarchical institutions in
Germany, and took part with them in the revolution from 1848 to 1R.W.

JOHN DEVLIN. Meat Market. No. 3T Niagara Sti-eet.-Mr. John
Devlin is one of the leading and most representative houses
engaged in supplying the trade of the city of Buffalo with meat
products, and the very great extent of the business done and
the qualit.v of the patronage enjoyed indicate very clearly that no
choicer products are to be found in any other meat market in the
city. All the leading hotels, such as the Iroqouis, the Niagara of Buf-
falo; the Cataract, and Intem-ational, of Niagara Falls; and many
others obtain from this establishment the prime meats for which
their table is renowned; the Wagner Palace Car Company, are also
daily supplied for their dinuig car service, as well as the most fash-
ionable boarding hou.ses of the city, and the wealthiest and most
prominent families. Few passenger boats ruiming into this port.

but are also supplied, and to meet the demands of this very large
trade, forty-flve head of beet alone are weekly slaughtered, besides a
vast quantity of veal, lamb, and mutton. Mr. Devlin is a native of
Ireland and has resided in Buffalo twenty-nine years. He estab
lished this business in 1861 in premises situated on Court Street,
from which he removed to his present handsome and commodious
quarters at No. 37 Niagara Street, some six years ago. Nothing but
the finest stock is handled, the facilities of the house for securing
first-class grades from all parts of the coimtry being unsurpassed.
The fine store where these prime goods are offered to the public is
large, cool, and in every way fitted for the large business transacted
in it. It is 20x80 feet in dimensions, and prorided with every con-
venience for the prompt filling of the large and numerous orders re-
ceived. Six skilled assistants are steadily employed, and three de-
livery wagons are found requisite for the conveyance of goods to all
parts of the city, which is done free of charge. Orders transmitted
by telephone (No. 1019) receive immediate attention, while prices
charged are very moderate. Mr. Devlin has had thirty years' prac
tical experience in his business, and no man is held in higher esteem
by his numerous customers. He is prominenjly connected with the
Catholic Mutual Benevolent Association, and is universally popular
with all classes of the community.

BARTLETT, FRAZIER & CO., Grain Commission, No. 30 Board
of Trade Building. —Among the large commission firms of the
country having representation in Buffalo, who make a
specialty of handling grain exclusively, is that of Messrs.
Bartlett, Frazier & Co., of Peoria, Chicago, Evaiisville and Terre
Haute. The individual members of this well known house are Mr.
S. C. Bartlett, conducting the Peoria branch of the firm; Mr. W. H.
Bartlett and Mr. F. P. Frazier, who controls the Chicago interest;
John Kuhn, who, as a member of the firm of Banlett, Kuhn & Co.,
manages affairs in Evansville and Terre Haute, and Mr. C. A. War-
field of No, 30 Board of Trade Building in this city. The trade of the
house is confined to no particular section, as they ship grain to all
parts of the United States, as well as to foreign ports. They handle
all grades of grain, from the highest to the lowest, principally in car
load lots, and their sales undoubtedly rank among the largest in
central and western New York and the eastern states. The firm is
very popular wherever it is known. Its reputation for square and
honorable dealing was established long ago, and this is giving them
a large and ever increasing business and permanent prosperity. All
shippers of grain to the eastern markets are interested in knowing
the commission houses that are conducted on legitimate business
principles, and this house may certainly be considered a representa-
tive one in its line of trade. It is possessed of ample capital, long
and valuable experience, and exceptionally fine facilities for dispos-
ing of all consignments promptly and to the best advantage. The
house is duly represented in the Board of Trade of Chicago atjd
Buffalo Merchants' Exchange.

WS. O'BRIEN. Apothecary, Comer Eagle and Niagara
Streets.— One of the most active and enterprising drug-
gists in Buffalo is Mr. W. S. O'Brien, whose flme estab-
lishment is so eligibly and centrally located at the cor-
ner of Eagle and Niagm-a Streets. This business was founded in
1874 by Mr. J. W. O'Brien, who in 1877 was succeeded by his brother,
Mr. W. S. O'Brien, the present proprietor. The store is 20x80 feet
in area, and is very attractive and elegantly fitted up, and contains a
fresh and complete stock of drugs and medicines, all approved pro
prietary remedies, and a select assortment of toilet articles, perfum-
ery, etc. Mr. O'Brien devotes special attention to the compounding
of physicians' prescriptions, and promptly and accurately fills aU
orders in this department. The special feature of this house is
'■ purity and accuracy." The store contains a handsome and orna-
mental soda fountain which cost upwards of two thousand dollars.
Mr. O'Brien is a thoroughly competent druggist and a valuable
member of the Ei-ie County and New York Phai-maceutical Associa-
tions. He puts up a valuable line of compounds which meets with a
ready sale and make.o his tinctures and most of his fiuid extracts.
Mr. O'Brien is a nitive of this city and personally is one of our most
popular busines- men, and has built up the highest of reputations as
a thoroughly reliable and rasponsible member of the professional
community.

ILLUSTRATED

^xBvffalojc

CH. CUAMOT, Bools and Shows. Nn. -JO Weal Eaglu Stivet.—
Till' oldrst. iiiOHt prominent, and moat populurly known
J bouse of the kind in BulTtUo is timt »o ably conducted by
Mr. (.'. P. (Jbamot. at No. i-O West Engle Street, and its
prominence entitles it to special mention in Ibis volume. Mr.
dianiot vrns born in France, and left liis native couutr>' for the
United States in 1845, coniiiiR to this city tlie same year, and be
liaa since remained a permanent resident. In 1W9 be established
husiness here, brinf;ing to bear in liis operations sterling ability,
enterprise, enerpry. and a sound knowledge of all the reipiii-enients
of ilie public In this line, and be bas since developed a laote, iiithien-
tial. aiKl nii>st desirable |)atronnpe, KaininR cnstomei-s in all parts
of the United States. Employing a foix'e of skilled mechanics. Mr.
Clminot makes to ortler and for his stock ladies' and gonilenien's
fine boots and shoes of all kinds, turning out from the daintiest
dancing slipper, to the choicest made bunting boots. Only the best
materials are used and the products are all mngniflcent specimens
of the acomplished workman's art. 5Ir. Cbaniot, who is an active
member of the Mutual .Aid Society, the A. O. U. W., and the order
of (.)dd Fellows, is a gentleman ivell-known fo,- bis literary and artis-
til' tastes and. proclivities. His accomplishments are varied, be is a
thoroughly refined gentleman, and be is held in the highest esteem
in l».th social and business circles.

ADAJI PI.EUTHNER, Deoler in Watches, Clocks, Jewelry,
Silverware and Optical Goods, No. 510 Main Street.— There
is no branch of trade where the purchoser has to depend on
honesty and integrity of the dealer more than in the jewelry
line, anil it is therefore judicious for parties desiring this class of
goods to deal only with houses of au established reputation and
whose proprietors are men of standing and responsibility. Such a
house is that of Mr. Adam Plouthner No. 510 Main Street. Mr.
Pleutlmer is a native of this cit^-, and has been established in busi-
ness since 1S7:1. He is a practical jeweler and thoroughly tmder-
staiiils bis business in all its branches. His store is neatly fitted up
and contains a full line of flr.e gold and silver watches of the most
celeiirated makers; also a general assortment of ladies' and gents'
jewelry of every description, embracing the most ri'cent styles and
settings, also European and American clocks, ■ silver and plated
ware. etc. Mr. Pleuthner pays special attention to repairing of
watches, clocks and fine jewelry, which is executed in a highly
creditable degree of workmanship, and at very reasonable charges.
He is widely known and highly respected, both in business and
social circles and enjoys the fullest confidence of all by whom he is

FG. & G. R. SIKES, Civil Engineers and Sui-ve.vors, Rooms 81
an<i 82, White Building.— The Messrs Sikes are compare-
, lively young men and were born in Buffalo. They are thor-
oughly expert draughtsmen, surveyor.s, and civil engineers
of six or more years' practical experience, and are, in short, mas-
ters ..f their art in all its branches. The firm was established some
two years ago. and from the start these gentlemen have iH-en steaddy
winning their way to favor and recognition, having surveyed and
laid out several projected steam railroads in the vicinity, and also
prepared plans and specifications for several electric street rail-
ways. These gentlemen have also a large and fully equipped
civil engineering ofilce in N. Tonawanda. in charge of a com-
petent engineer, Mr. Frank Harrison. They are prepared to
engage in all classes of work in the line above in(licate<l, and
guarantee satisfaciii>n, giving close personal attention to every
4letail. Surveys are mode in the most expeditious and trustworthy
manner, computations are ncctirately made also, and designs, esti-
mates of cost, etc., are furnished for any proposed undertaking com-
i the profession, while personal inspection is made of
er courses, sewers, road beds, water works, etc., and
-■onstruclion superintemlerl likewise, and all work entrusted to this
resptirisible firm is certain to lie carefully and capably performed.

AARSTILL, Jfanufacturer of Children's Hand-turned Shoes,
No 711 Clinton Street. -This business was established in
, 1886 by the present proprietor. » li». since its inception at
that date, has built up a liberal and e.tteuTive trade The
businesa of this bouse is the mnmifacturo of children's hnndtumed
-shoes numbers one to seven only. The premises occupied comprisoa

superior two story budding, S.'>x."i0 feet in area, and contains tije
laWst applinnc-e« and every facility for the prosecution of the busl
neiis. In the manufacture of his shoes he combines style, comfort,
and durabdity, aud employs only first class workmen, and, using Ibe
best French leather, and all work being hand turned and sewed, he
contUlently recommends his shoes as equal in every respect to cus-
tom work, while his prices defy competition. Mr. Arstill is a native
of New York City, and in highly rtapectcd and esteemed by the com-
munity for his many excellent qualities, while his prospects in tlie
near future are of the mopt favorable character.

GEO, H, SICKLES, Jr., Real Estate and Loaning, No. 15 West
Swan Street.— Not many among the younger real estate ami
loan brokers of Buffalo stands higher in public esteem and
fovor, OS few enjoy a larger measure of recognition than
Geo. H. Sickles, Jr., whose olTlce is located at felevator entrance)
No. 15 West Swan Street. He has been engaged in the sphere of
activity alwve indicoted since June 1887, and from the first has been
steadily pushing bis wa.v to the front. acc|uiring a fine patronage.
5Ir. Sickles, who is a gentleman in the prime of life, was born in
Orleatis County, N. Y., and has resided in this city a number of
years. lie is a man of thorough reliability in his business transac-
tions, as well as of energy and enterprise, and bos won success by
deserving it. Mr. Sickles conducts a general real estate business,
buying, selling and exchanging all kinds of city and coimtr^- prop-
erty on commission, and gives personal attention also to the col-
lection of rents and the management of estates. Investments are
desirably placed, likewise, and bonds and mortgages negotiated,
while money to any amount is loaned on realty or approved collat-
eral security. Persons having dealings with this gentleman are as-
sured of finding the same of an eminently satisfactory character.

McNElL & KURTZ. Wholesale Hemlock Lumber. Coal and
Iron Exchange.— Prominent among the representative
and progressive houses in the (Jneen City, actively eugage<l
in this useful and important industry, is that of Messrs.
JIcNeil aud Kurtz, wholesale dealers in hemlock, lumber, etc., whose
offices are located in the Coal and Iron Exchange Building. This
business was established in 1878 by Peter McNeil, who conducted it
till 1880, when he admitted Mr. W. H. Kurtz into partnership, the
firm being known by the style and title of McNeil and Kurtz. Both
partners have had long experience in the lumber trade, and are
thoroughly conversant with every detail and feature of the business,
and the i-equiremenls of jobbers, contractors, and dealers. They
occupy two yards, one corner Lord and South Division Streets, two
and a half acres in area, and the other on Seneca Street and Erie
Railroad, 10 acres in extent. Tlie yards always contain an extensive
and choice stock of hemlock nnd other lumber. The firm make a
specialty of hand ling hemlock, of which they have constantly on hand
3,000,000 feet. They control the output of several large mills in
Pennsylvania, and ship throughout all si'ctions of New York, Massa-
chusetts, Peimsyivania, New Jersey. Connecticut, and Ohio. One
hunilred hands are employed, and orders are carefully filled at the
lowest ruling market prices.

JF. BOWERS. Grocer, No. l'i» Niagara Street. -There is no
section of the city where may be found so many flrst-class
, grocery establishments as in this vicinity, aud prominent
among them who enjo.v the highest of reputations is the pop-
idar establishment of Mr. J. F. Bowers, No. 1225 Niagara Street.
This business was established some fourteen years ago. and ever
since has been under tlie ca|)able management of the present pro-
prietor. Mr. Bowers does a strictly flrst-cla-s trade, and his ciLstom
ers embrace some of the most resfH-ctable families in the city. The
store is handsomely and attractively flttetl. and contains a well
selecte<l line of the choicest groceiies, including fine teas and cof-
fees, siignrs. civamery butter, etc : also hermetically .sealed goo<N.
condiments, spices, dried fruits, nnd fresh, salt, and dried n.ents.
These goods are of a superior quality, and cannot l>e surpa.'-'sed in
this city for quality, flavor, and general e.xcellence. w bile his pric-es
are very low. Mr. Bowers is o native of Buffalo, and is well know n
in business circles as prompt and honorable in ail his transactions,
and Btraightforward in all his dealings. He gives hLs business his
coniitant attention and always studies the interests of his patrons,
ond is justly entitled to the very flattering patrou.ige he enjoys.

ILLUSTRATED

174

HEINOLD & RODEBAUGH, Shippers of Grain and MUl Feed,
No. 53 Board of Trade Building —In presenting a reliable
reflex of the representative business houses of the city,
houses, the magnitude of whose transactions, the promi-
nence of whose proprietors, and the unblemished character of whose
commercial integrity, have contributed to the general well being of
the city's trade, and justly entitle them to notice in these pages,—
we take pleasure in submitting to our readers a brief sketch of the
house of Messrs. Heinold & Rodebaugh, as one eminently deserving
of consideration. The business was founded in 1883 by the present
proprietors, Messrs John G. Heinold and James H. Rodebaugh, and
since its inception the house has been a prominent factor in the
grain and mill feed shipping trade of Buffalo. The copartners are
active members of the Merchants' Exchange, Mr. Rodebaugh being
a trustee of that organization, to which both give a valuable sup
port. Jlr. Heinold is also a member of Post Wilkinson, G. A. E.
During the war he served in the 187th New York Volunteer Infantry,
acquiting himself with credit throughout his terra of service. The
firm occupy a commodious ofBce in the Board of Trade Building,
command ample resources and influential connections, and carry on
general operations as shippers of grain, and mill feed, making a
specialty of miU feed, making most of their shipments to the eastern
markets. The business is conducted upon a basis of liberal and fair
dealing, and Messrs. Heinold and Hodebaughs past record is a most
promising indication of prosperity and usefulness.

JOHN E SMITH & SONS. Patentees and Manufacturers of the
"National" and Buflfalo Double Crank Meat Choppers and
Mixers, Etc., No. 60 Broadway.— Mr. John E. Smith started the
manufacture of meat chop|iing machinery upwards of twenty-
two years ago, and the cordial reception by the trade of his superior
style of machine compelled early enlargement of facilities, and has
also resulted in Mr. Smith still further improving and increa.sing the
capacity of his machines. He reared his sons to the trade and ad-
mitted Mr. Edwin R. Smith to partnership in 18S0, followed by Mr.
Albert Smith's admission in 1889 In 1876 the factory was removed
to its present location. No. 50 Broadway, a fine building of three and
four floors, 25x900 feet in dimensions. The outflt of metal working
tools and machinery is complete, and is run by steam power,
affording employment to upwards of thirty-flve hands in the manu-
facture of the National and Buffalo double crank meat choppers
and mixers combined. The firm has been victorious in every com-
petition over all othei- makers, and was the great prize winner for
exhibiting the best meat choppers at the International Exposition
held in Paris. France, in 1889, also getting first prize at Hamburg.
Germany, and Cincinnati, O. The splendid testimonials these ma-
chines have secured unsolicited from all the principal members of
the sausage and butcher trade of the United States is alone a suffi-
cient indication of their marked superiority. They are being ex-
ported all over the world, and the business is developing at a rapid
ratio, reflecting the highest credit on the partners. The firm also
manufacture full lines of stuffeis, lard presses, and butchers' tools
of all kinds, and is emphatically the world's leading representative

MJ. WEBB, Manufacturer of Wagons and Carriages. Xo 172
Elk Street —Among the most successful and enterpris-
^ Ing establishments engaged in the important local indus-
try of carriage making in Buffalo that owned by Mr. M.
J. Webb, occupies a leadin? po.?ition. This house was founded in
1867 by Messrs. M. J. Webb an I M ,r. Carey. In the following year
the latter retired and Mr M. J Webb then formed a partnership with
his brother. Mr. E. L Webb. In 1869 another brother. Mr. Wm. Webb
was admitted into partnership, but the latter suhsequentlv retired,
and the busin-ss was then carried on by Messrs. M. J and E T..
Webb, as copartners until January 1890. when Mr G. L. Webb with-
drew from the firm. leavinT the present proprietor in sole owner-
ship. The premises occupied for the purposes of the business are
located on the corner of Marion and Elk Streets, comprisiag a two
story frame building having an area of 80x100 feet, and are fully
equipped with the latest improved tools, machinery and appliances
known to the trade. Here from five to ten skilled hands find steady
employment. All orders for the mating and repairing of buggies,
carriages, wagons, and other light and heavy vehicles are satisfac-

torily filled. Himself a practical carriage maker, Mr. Webb gives
his personal supervision to all work performed in bis establishment,
and no work is allowed to leave it that is not first-class in every par-
ticular. Only the best materials are used in the construction of
veliicles, and the products of his factory are renowned for their dura-
bility and excellence, as well as for the superior quaUty of their
finish. A fine assortment in this line is constantly carried, from
which purchasers can gratify the most fastidious tastes at prices
which few similar establishments can duplicate. A very large trade
in this city and throughout the neighboring districts has been built
up, and the demand for this firm's make, taxes the resources of the
house to the utmost to keep it supplied. Mr. Webb is a native of
Ireland, and came to Buffalo in his boyhood in 1850 He has since
that time lived in this city, and enjoys a just popularity in trade and
business circles.

JOHN MESMER, Boarding. Livery, Coach, Coupe, and Cabriolet
Stables, Nos- 7 to 15 Carlton Street.— As a convenience to the
general public there are few institutions which can compare
with the livery and boarding stable system of America. One
of the most popular and successful representatives thereof in Buffalo,
is Mr John Mesmer. proprietor of the boarding, livery, coach, coupe,
and cabriolet stables, at Nos. 7 to 15 Carlton Street. This house was
opened in 1886. and has always commanded a liberal and influential
patronage. The stables are spacious and commodious, comprising
two floors, 100x115 feet each, with a carriage house 68x100 feet; thor-
oughly equipped with every requisite, well ventilated, lighted and
drained, and every care and attention is given to horses entrusted
to the house by experienced grooms and stablemen. First-class
accommodations are provided for fifty -four horses, and the board-
ing branch of the enterprise is largely patronized by our best citi-
zens. In the stock of horses to let will be found those suitable for
ladies and invalids, as well as others noted for their speed and stay-
ing quaUties, and the same can be hired for business or pleasure,
day or night, at very moderate terms. Among the vehicles are in-
cluded elegant coaches, landaus, coupes, victorias, surre.ys, cabrio-
lets, carriages, buggies, and road w agons, and the proprietor is noted
for having the most stylish equipages of any stable in the city. He
is also prepared to furnish funerals, wedding parties, and excur-
sions with any number of carriages at the shortest notice, and em-
ploys rehablc and experienced drivers only. His trade is large
throughout the city and vicinit.v, especially among the wealthy
classes, and the business is steadily increasing under enterprising
and rehable management. Orders by telephone No. 824 receive im-
mediate and careful attention either by day or night, and all trans-
actions are placed upon a substantial and satisfactory footing. Mr.
Mesmer is a native of Buffalo, and one of its best known citizens;
was superintendent of the gas works for thirteen years, has served
as one of the board of supervisors, is a prominent fireman, a mem-
ber of the F. & A. M., and the Livery Men's Association, and is emi-
nently popular with his host of friends and patrons.

WM J. WHITE, Civil Engineer and Surveyor, No. 30 Ijiw
Exchange Building.— There is not one among the younger
civil engineers and surveyors of Buffalo, who sustains a
higher reputation for skill and reliability than the gentle-
man whose name heads the present sketch. He is a thoroughly ex-
pert draughtsman and practical surveyor, of ample and successful
experience in all branches of civil engineering, and is. in short, com-
plete master of his art. He has been established since 1884, and
from the fli-st has been steadily winning his way to favor and recog-
nition, his business extending all over Erie County. Mr. White,
whose residence is at No. l.-iS Dearborn Street, occupies commodious,
well appointed offices in the Law Exchange Building (Room No 3C).
opposite City Hall, with telephone connection (No 63\ and is as-
sisted by three competent draughtsmen He is prepared to make
surveys, plans, imps, and drawings, at short notice, and guarantees
perfect satisfaction in every instance, designs, estimates, etc , being
promptly furnished on application. Special attention is given to
laying out pronerty in building lots, while construction is personally
supervised; also, bridges, aqueducts, water works, etc , being tested,
andrejwrts thereon submitted likewise: and all work entrusted tc-
this gentleman is certain to be performed in a most skilful and tms^-

ILLUSTRATED

THE QUEEN
£^ CITY OF THE LAKES.

BATTKRSON & CO., General Coinniiswiun MerubaoU. No«. lOT
«n(i 1«9 Scott Street.— This busioet!'s woa raUililixhed In 1808
by Messrs. X. P. and J. W. Bfttt^rson, who briDf; great prnc-
tical experience to lx>nr, coupled with au inllmnte knuwlMlKc
of every detail of the produce trade and the re<iiiirenient« of jobbers
and dealers. The premises iK-ctipied comprise a spacious tlm'e story
brick building, fully equippwl with every convenience for the accom-
modation and pres.>rvation of the well selected and choice slock. The
firm deal largely in butter, oliecse. egns. poultry, fruits of all kinds,
and Tc.-etaliles, potatws, apples, etc , which are daily received from
the bi'st producint; sectious of the country. LilM>nd ad vauc«^s are made
on consi^ments of first class produce, and prompt account sales ren-
dered, while buyers and shippers will secure material advantaees by
consiKninptothisresp<insil>leflr:n. Mes-srs BatU'rson & Co. are hiRhly
reuardi-d in trade circles for their integrity, and refer by permission
to the following, viz : Third National Bank, BufTalo, N. Y.: AU Mer-
cantile Agencies: B. S. Caramendia & Bro.. Greenwich Street,
New York; C Wilkinson's Sons, Philadelphia, Pa ; -W. H. Bowdlear
&Co., Boston, Ma.^ : Hon. B. T. Biggs, 5liddletown, Del.: C. H.
Weaver & Co., Chicago, III.; Merrilees & Co.. New York City: all
the live express and twenty-two lailroad companies in Buffalo. N. Y.

C MILLER. Hats, Cops, and Gents' Furnishings, No. .lOB Broad-
way.— Mr. Miller established this enterprise in 1884, and has
, since become widely known as a leader of fashion in his line
of busines.s, and is always among the first to introduce the
new styles as soon as they make their appearance in the metropolis
nf the state. He occupies an elegant and commodious slore, ilxW
feet in dimensions, its eleaant plate gla.ss show windows and interior
appointments rendering it one of the attractive features of the
neighborhood. Tile stock carried is an exceptionally well selected
and comprehensive one. reflecting great credit upon the taste and
judgment displayed by its proprietor in its purchase. Popular
prices prevail Ukewise and no effort on tlie part of Mr. Miller is
spared to please and satisfy the most critical and fastidious of his
customers- He is of (ierman nationality and has now resided in
Buffalo since ISfifl. He is a prominent member of the A. O. U. W.
and other social and protective organizations.

FP MANHARDT, Printing, Binding, Etc., No. 33 East Hiu-on
Street —The competition in this particulai' line of industry
^ has necessarily been great, but the result has been corre-
spondingly satisfactory to the general public, as a higher
standard of perfection has been attained. Foremost among the
ranks of general printers, binders, engravers, and electrotypers is
the house of Mr. F. P. Manhardt. This enterprise was originally es-
tablished on Oenesee Street by Mr. Frank Mary in 187S, to whom
the present proprietor succeeded two years later, locating at the
quarters he now occupies in 1S87. These premises consist of a spa-
cious and commodious steam power equipped floor, having dimen-
sions of :)OxlI0 feet Throughout thLs establishment there pervades
a system of order that facilitates the tran.saction of business and
makes the hou.se a pleasant one w ith which to establish business re-
lations; while the work here executed is unrivalled in quaUty and
general excellence by the productions of any contemporary house of
its Bixe in the same line of business in Buffalo.

J BELL. Dealer in Fresh, Solt, and Smoked Meals, No. 26 Elk
Street Market — One of the most enterprising butchers
, doing business in the Elk Street Market is .Mr. J. Bell, the
popular occupant of Stall No 20. Having ha.1 a long sub-
ordinate experience in the trade in the employ of Mr. John Kelly,
and having l)een in business for the pa.st twelve years on his own ac-
count, he is fully qualified to carry on the same to the best possible
advantage for his cust mers. His stall is a model of cleanliness and
order, and is filled at all times with a valuable anil extensive stock
of fresh, salt, and smoked meals of every description. .Mr. Bell has
developed a fine patronage both in the city and country, and
promptly disposes of all corsignmenLs entrusted to him. His stock
is selectJ-d with great care and excellent judgment to meet the wonts
of a critical trade, and hLs prices compare favorably with those of
any of his competitors. Wliile a larce family trade Is catered to. a
specialty is made of supplies to lake shipping, hotels and restau
rantH, and orders are delivere<l free of extra charge in any part of
the city. All orders are given immediate attention, and no ertort is
spared to give the fullest satisfaction to all patrons. Mr. Bell Ls a

native of Buffalo. Me is u progressive, enterprising bimlnesH niun.
and the success he enjoys has been won by sheer nii-rit.

G HOUSE, )lanufacliirer of Church Organs, No«. VS Clint.>ii
and 138 Elm Streets - This gentleman has long enjoyed a
J national repuiotion for the superiority of his productions,
and the enviable name his establlsliment bears in the traili-
has been thoroughly merited. Sir. House, who is now In his eigh-
tieth year, but still active and vigorous, first bi'gan business In 18&'.
in Tompkhis County, N. Y., continuing there up to 1R45, when be re-
moved to BufTalo, where he has since proseciiled his industry with
uninternipted success. During the lengthy period he hos lieen in
business Mr. Hous<? has manufactured some five hundred instru-
ments, and t'very pipe entering into their mrike up was voice<l and
tuned by him. The factory is comprised in a three story building,
2,Sxr,*5 feet in dimensions, and it is admirably equipjied with every
appliance and implement required for the correct prosecution of the
industry-. Mr. House is a native of this stale, having been bom in
Johnstown, Montgomery County. He has a wide circle of friends in
business and social circles, and commands the respect of the entire
community for his sterling integrity and honorable business record.

JLOTON, Cabinet Maker and Upholsterer, No. 07 West Chip
pewo Street.— In speaking of this branch of industry, special
^ mention should lie made of the old established and prosper-
ous establishment of Mr. J. Loton, who started in business
as for back as InW, and has since its inception to the present day
steadily built up a large and prosperous trade, now occupying a
position of well merited prominence and prosiierity. He manufac-
tures o line of fine uphoLstery and furniture, all hand made, and
maintains a reputation .second to none for the general excellence of
Ws products, alike in beauty of design, excellence of workmanship,
and elegance of finish. Special attention is given to recovering,
varnishing and poli.shing parlor and antique furniture; spring beds
and mattresses ore made to order, and every description of repairs
is promptly attended to. The premises occupied comprise two spa-
cious and commodious floors, each 'i5x40 feet in dimensions. Mr.
Loton is a man of foresight and intelligence, of push and business
enterprise.

JOHN HANS, Boots and Shoes, Vo. MM Br(HKlw«7._-fhlii «rtoh-
lishment is spacious and commodious, elegantly fitted up with
every couvenience for the comfort of patrons. The stock is
purchased direct from the leading manufacturers and olterwl
for sale at the lowest possible prices. This stock consists of a large
a.s.sortment of boots, shoes, rubbers, slippers, and gaiters, for
ladies', gents', misses', youths', and children's wear. Custom work
and repairing being the specialty of the house, patrons can rely on
his great practical experience, unerring judgment, and excellenl
business methods, and he turns out goods at once elegant, durabli-.
and easy fitting, and at astonishingly low rates conssidering the
workmanship ond extra fine quality of material used. Mr. Hans is n
native of Germany and has resided in the United States for the pn.st
four years. He is a practical shoemaker of many years' experience,
and thoroughly understands his business in every detail. Personally
he is very popular, honorable and thoroughly reliable in all his deal-
ings. He has built up an enviable reputation and is In every respe<'l
o thonnigh biLsiness man.

JOHN HOFFMAN. Baker, No. 38S Geiiesci- Street.— Promiiu-ni
among the bakei-s and confectioners in this section of llie city
is Mr. John Hoffman, No. 388 Genesee Sti-eet. This house
was established in 1878, by the present proprietor, and sine.-
its inception at that dale, has built up a liberal and substantial pal
ronage. Mr. Hofrmans experience in the business dates back many
years, and he umleistands the trade thoroughly in oil its deCail.s.
His store Is elegantly fitted up and stocked, and all the ingredients '
used in the making of his fancy bread, (.ies. cake, coiifectionerj-.
etc., are perfectly pure and free from anything that is un»lK>le.sonie.
He personally superintends the preporations of all his articles, ami
constantly employs three firstclass bakers and confi-ctiomrs. He
makes a specialty of supplying weddings and parties plain and
fancy cakes of all description, at the lowest possible prices. Many
of his patrons ore leading residents of this city, by whom he is
highly respected as an honorable tradesman and an upright citizen.
He is a native of Buffalo.

ILLUSTRATED

176

JH. PARDEE, Manager of the Inleruational Collection Company,
No. 36 Niajjara Street.— There is no more valuable assistant to
the professional man, merchant, or tradesman than the col-
' lector of accounts, hook debts, etc., who relieves him of the
t rouble and loss of time necessarily incidental to this branch of every
well-regulated busir]ess. Among the small number of reliable houses
to be found in the city of Buffalo who devote their whole time and at-
teution to this important branch, few have in so sliort a time gained
such a wide and well-established reputation for business-like meth-
ods, quick collections, and prompt returns at moderate rates than
the International Collection Company, of which Mr. J. H. Pardee is
the able and efficient manager. This responsible house was estab-
lished in 1890 under its present management, and within the few
months that have elapsed since its introduction to the business pub-
lic it has succeeded in securing the unlimited confidence of all those
having dealings with it. A specialty is made of adjusting all classes
of unpaid claims and accounts, and the numerous and influential
connections it has established throughout every part of the United
States and Canada enable it to make collections with that prompt-
ness and despatch which render such a concern of practical useful-
ness to its patrons. The offices of the company are centrally located
in the heart of the business district, at No. 36 Niagara Street, where
every facility has been provided for the perfect transaction of this
important business. Mr. Pardee is a young and energetic man, who
by his executive aiiility has inspired the coufldenee. consideration,
and regard of the pu\)lic. He is a native of Syracuse. N. Y., and is a
valuable acquisition to Ihe ranks of our business men. He is a
graduate and Bachelor of Aits of Hamilton College.

AH. FIELD, Manufacturer of Hat and Bonnet Frames, No. 8
West Mohawk Street.— One of the oldest houses in Buffalo
actively engaged in the manufacture of hats and bonnet
frames is that of Mr. A. H. Field, who established this
Imsiiiess iu 18S0 at No. 391 Washington Street, and eventually in
February, 1890. removed to his present eligible and commodious
premises. No. 8 West Mohawk Street. Mr. Field is one of the most
skilful, tasteful, and reliable manufacturers of ladies' hats and bon-
net frames in buckram and soft crowns, and in this line actively
conducts a large wholesale and retail trade, sparing no pains to
maintain the highest standard of e.xcellence in all articles leaving
his establishment. He also bleaches straw goods of every descrip-
tion, and reshapes ladies' hats and bonnets of all kinds. Manufac-
turing everything in his stock, he can conscientiously recommend
it and guarantee entire satisfaction to jobbing and retail buyers.
His trade extends all over New York, Pennsylvania, and their neigh-
boring states, and reflects credit upon his honorable methods, en-
terprise, and energy. M?-. Field is a native of the state of New Y'ork,
and is worthy of all confidence, while the facilities enjoyed by him
for the manufacture of his goods are very complete. He can in
every respect be relied on, not only for his complete knowledge of
«very detail of his business, but also for the uprigh
which all transactions with his house are distinguished.

LF, ENDE, Photographer, No. 537 William Street.— A le.iding
and representative Buffalo photo-artist is the gentleman
whose name foi'ms the caption of this sketch. Mi-. L. F.
Emle. who was born in Saxony, although he has lived
nearly all his life in this country. At an early age he served his
time and acquired the degree of knowledge then attainable in his
profession in this city with the DePew Bros., and in 1870 opened a
l)h olographic establishment at Salt Lake City, Utah, where he re-
mained for the succeeding sixteen years. Coming east, he opened
a studio in Buffalo in 1886. Mr. Ende counts among his numerous pa-
tronage a high-class city and suburban custom, and has long been re-
spected as a leading and prominent photo-artist, whose success is but
a just tribute to his indefatigable and able efforts in its promotion.

WM. F. EMERY & CO., Dealers in Fine Shoes, No. 456 Main
Street. — A prominent house engaged in this line of trade
is that of Messrs. William F. Emery & Co., No. 456 Main
Street, and founded in 1875. The premises occupied are
20x100 feet in dimensions and very attractively fitted up with every
convenience and appliance for the accommodation of the large
stock. The assortment constantly on hand comprises a full line of
ladies', gents', misses', youth's, and children's fine shoes, in all sizes
-and styles, both for house and street wear. This firm carries a large

line of the make of the best manufacturers, and their stock for ele-
gance and completeness is unsurpassed hy that of any contemporary
concern in this city. The business of this house is both wholesale
and retail, the specialty being custom work and repaunng, which
is promptly and neatly done, at very moderate charges. Mr. Emery
is a native of New York State, and has resided in this city for the
past ten years. Personally, he is greatly respected by the commu-
nity as an honorable busmess man and upright citizen, and justly
merits the success attained by his perseverance, skill, and energy.

CMOELLER'S SON, Dealer iu Groceries, Provisions, Etc., No.
1 18 Cherry Street, Comer Locust.— A representative house
, in the grocery and provision trade is that of Mr. C. Moeller's
Son, located at No. 118 Cherry Street, comer of Locust.
This popular corner grocery was originally founded by Mr. C.
MoeUer, Sr., about twenty-two years ago, he being succeeded by his
sons, Messrs. Justus and George Moeller, in 1884, the present propri-
etor, Mr. Justus Moeller, assuming the sole management during the
current year. The store is commodious, admirably arranged, taste-
fully appointed, and provided with every modern convenience. Mr.
Justus Moeller offers special inducements to buyers in first-class teas,
coffees, spices, sugars, flour, canned goods of every description,
bottled goods, table delicacies, condiments, crackers, butter, cheese,
eggs, also feed, baled hay, and straw. These are all marked down
to popular prices. Orders are collected daily, and goods, are deliv-
ered tree to all parts of the city, and no effort is spared to satisfy
every patron. Personally, Mr. Moeller is a courteous, agreeable gen-
tleman, and a business man of enterprising and progressive methods.
JHAUENSTEIN, Grocer, Comer High and Lemon Streets.- This
gentleman has now been engaged in the business for the
^ past four years, and by strict attention, coupled with a
straightforward system of honorable dealing, he has created
quite a large and lucrative ti-ade connection. Mr. Hauenstein owns
the eligible premises where he is located, they consisting of an
eUgible two-story frame building 25x92 feet in dimensions, and other-
wise admirably adapted for the advantageous prosecution of the
business. The stock carried embraces pure teas, coffees, sugars,
flour, canned goods, butter, cheese, lard, eggs, sauces, condiments,
table delicacies, laundry supplies; also crockery, ales, wines, liquors,
and cigars. Popular prices prevail, and Mr. Hauenstein is ably
assisted by the members of his family in the conduct of the opera-
tions of the house. He is of German nationality, now a resident of
Buffalo for many years past, where he enjoys the respect and esteem
of his patrons and trade competitors alike.

DANFORTH & CLARK, Steam and Hot Water Heating Engi-
neers, No. 391 Washington Street.— This business was estab-
lished in 1886 by Messrs. John W. Danforth and Robert W.
Clark, who have since built up a liberal and influential pat-
ronage in all sections of Buffalo and its vicinity. Messrs. Danforth
& Clark erect promptly steam and hot water heating apparatus and
also attend carefully to the ventilating of buildings of every descrip-
tion. Their work is unrivalled for reliability, efficiency, and excel-
lence, while their prices in all cases are extremely moderate. They
occupy a spacious store, 30x125 feet in area, where they keep con-
stantly on hand a tuU supply of requisites. Both partners are
natives of Buffalo, where they are highly regarded by the com-
munity for their mechanical ability, skill, and integrity. They are
popular members of the Builders' Exchange, and of the Master
Steam Heaters' Association.

WM. COULSON, Wholesale Druggist, No. 180 Seneca Street.—
Mr. Coulson, who is a gentleman of middle age, is a thor-
oughly responsible pharmacist of some twenty-four years'
experience in his profession, and is a graduate of the
Ontario College of Pharmacy. He is a member of the Buffalo Phar-
maceutical Association, also of the Retail Druggists' Association,
and maintains an A No. 1 standing in commercial circles. The busi-
ness premises comprise three 20x60 floore, with a well equipped re-
tail department in connection, and alarge staff is employed, including
several competent pi-pscriptiou clerks. An extensive and first-class
stock is constantly kept on hand, and physicians' prescriptions and
family recipes are prepared in this pharmacy in the most careful and
accurate manner in every instance from absolutely pure and fresh
ingredients at bottom prices, and altogether* the business is of a
very substantial character.

ILLUSTRATED

THE QV/EEN
^ CITY OF THE LAKES.

WFIEAT'S ICE CREAM COMPANY, W. S. Wheat. PropriBtor;
Factory No. 72 Elm Street, near Eagle; Ofllce and Parlor,
No. 4(W Main Street.— AlthonRh estahllslied but a year ond
a hajr, no house has secured such a « ulesprenil ond inllu-
ential patronago in the city of Buffalo, as that of Wlieat's Ico
Cream Company, of which Mr. W. S. Wheat is the proprietor and
inana(;er. This Rentleman for eight years condueled a similar enter-
prise at North Elmlra, N. Y., ond in April, 188JI, removed to BufTolo
as a larger and more promising field for his extensive operations.
The business carried on by this company is that of wholesale and re-
tail manufactures of ploin ond fancy creams, ices and jellies, a
specialty being made of shipping ice cream and individual bricks.
The premises occupied as workrooms ore locoted at No. 72 Elm
Street, and comprise a substantial building, ri.'ixlOO feet in dimen-
sions, neatly appointed, and thoroughly equipped with the best and
latest perfected inachhiery and appliances tor the manufacturing of
the choice goo<is produced. Ten skilled hands ore here steadily em-
ployed, and personal supervision is given to the details of the busi-
ness by the proprietor, who is in every respect a thoroughly practical
man, and one conversant with all the requirements of his business.
The factory is in telephonic connection with all parts of the city and
vicinity, as is also the office and parlor, the latter t)eing situated at
No 498 Main Street. The factory telephone call is No. 5M5-D., and
that of the office No. 945-A. The parlor is sumptuously furnished Ui
the most approved style, and has o seating capacity of thirty-flve,
where the products of the house can be sampled at all seasons of
the year. The stock constantly on hand comprises vanilla cream
in bulk, hard and ready for use, for soda fountains, hotels, boarding
houses, churches, excursions, etc., lemon, orange, and raspberry
ices, vanilla, orange, strawberry, and chocolote, French creams;
any of the above flavors being put up singly or together, in bricks.
All other flavors are made to order, and only the finest material is
used in their manufacture. Orders left or tronsmitted to eitlier
^office or factory, or left at the company's private moil box at No.
fif« MaUi Street, receive prompt attention, four wagons being con-
■ stantly in demand for tlie deUvery of goods. The trade generally is
also supplied at most reasonable rates and on liberal tenns. The
business covers the entire city and vicinity, and its extent may b«
gathered from the statement that from four to six liundred (luorts
of cream are daily disposed of. On one Sunday alone in the hot
season the sales reached the large figure of 175 gallons. Mr. Wheat
is a native of North Elmira, and since his odvent in Buffalo business
circles has secured the confidence and esteem of all with whom he
has come in contact.

NICKLIS & JONES, luiportmg Tailors, No. 2as Main Street.—
As prominent representatives and skilletl exponents of the
merchant tailoring trade in the city of Buffalo, due mention
should be made of the recently organized firm of Nicklis &
Jones, whose headquarters are centrally and eligibly located at No.
SOS Main Street. This house was opened during the winter of 1889.
and from that time to the present, it has always been regarded as
one of Buffalo's most reliable sources of supply for well made and
perfectly fitting garments. The firm occupy two spacious and com-
modious fioors of the building No. 205 Main Street, for mnnufoctur-
ing and sales purposes, and are in a position to guarantee the
prompt and perfect fulfilment of all orders and commissions Here
is exhibited one of the finest stocks of cloths and trimmings to be
found in the city. It is complete in moterinl. design. Mid novelty,
and the very best sources of American and European pnKluction
hove contributed to its wealth. Tho proprietors devot<' their entire
time and talents to fine custom work, and the garments made by
them to measure are recognized as simply perfection in style, fit.
and artistic workmanship. To seek their senicea once is to be tlieir
patrons always. Among their permanent customers ore very mony
of Buffalo's best dres.sed citizens, gentlemen old ond young, who un-
derstand the merits of a thoroughly flrst-cla.ss toilor, and who find in
Messrs. Nicklis and Jones' establishment, not only a line of goods
that Ls at all times superior, but a place where the general make-up,
fit, and trimmings of a garment is a motU>r of careful consideration
and study. The copartners ore both accomplished mo-sters of their
art, fair, liberal, and conscientious in all their dealings, and young
men of high social standing, wide popularity and thorough relin-
liility, who have simply won success by honestly deserving it.

RCHAMBERhlN, Potent Attorney, No. 13 Chapin Block —1 h.
confidential and intimole relollons existing Ijetweoii a
paterjt attorney and liis client require, on the jiart of tin-
former, the exercise of great tact and <liscemment, as well
as of energetic activity In the prosecul ion of his client's business, in
order that the hitler's interest may never be endangered. No gen
tienian engaged in the pui-snit of this profession In the city of Buf-
falo is belter or more fully endowed with these essential qualifica-
tions than Mr. R. CUamberlln, whose well appointed offices ore
located at No. 13 Chapin bl<x-k, on West Swan Street. Mr. Cham-
b<'riin has been in tho successful practice of his profession in
the adjoining Canadian city of Toronto for eight years, where by his
experience and ability he soon acquired a largo and influential
clientele. In 188.5 his increasing American patronage led him to
open a local office in this city, and hissuecess has lieen as remarkable
here as beyond the Canadian border. Foreign patents are made o
specialty of by him. ho having numerous and careful correspondents
in the capitals of the princiiial American and European countries.
.M\ information sought for by mail or otherwise is promptly and
fairiy furnished. Papers are intelligently and carefully prepored.
and patents are procured as speedily as possible. Mr. Chamberiln
has been a resident of th