7^
^^,
\
V
THE IMPERIAL GAZETTEER OF INDIA.
uf
/
MORRISON AND GIBB, EDINBURGH,
PRINTERS TO HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE.
HE Imperial Gazetteer of India.
BY
SIR WILLIAM WILSON HUNTER, K.C.S.I.,
CLE., LL.D., B.A.
MEMBER OF THE VICEROY'S LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL, AND DIRECTOR-GENERAL
OF STATISTICS TO THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA ;
VICE-CHANCELLOR OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALCUTTA ; HONORARY OR FOREIGN MEMBER OF THE
ROYAL INSTITUTE OF NETHERLANDS INDIA AT THE HAGUE, OF THE INSTITUTO VASCO
DA GAMA OF PORTUGUESE INDIA, OF THE DUTCH SOCIETY IN JAVA, AND OF
THE ETHNOLOGICAL SOCIETY, LONDON ; HONORARY FELLOW OF
THE PUNJAB UNIVERSITY ; ORDINARY MEMBER OF THE
ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY, THE ROYAL
GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY, ETC.
VOLUME XIV.
INDEX.
SECOND EDITION.
TRUBNER & CO., LONDON, 1887.
V. If
POSTSCRIPT.
Since the earlier volumes of this edition went to press
in 1885, important changes have taken place in India,
to some of which it is needful here to refer. A new
Province, larger than France, has been added to the
Indian Empire ; the long contemplated jail way which
will traverse inner India direct from Calcutta to Bombay,
has been commenced ; the Lusitanian schism, which
during two centuries rent the Roman Catholic Church in
India, has been closed. Less conspicuous local changes
— administrative, legislative, educational, and economic —
have occurred in every Province. Their bare enumera-
tion would involve a supplement quite beyond the scope
of this work. In the Preface to the present edition I
put forward the view that, ' so far from represent-
ing the " stationary stage " of civilisation, according
to a former school of English economists, India is
now one of the most rapidly progressive countries
of the earth.' The onward movements in India,
vi POSTSCRIPT.
during the brief period which has since elapsed, justify
these words. ^
In order, however, to prevent misconceptions, it is
expedient to narrate very briefly the events which render
the lengthy articles on British and Independent Burma
in volume iii., and various lesser notices througfhout the
other twelve volumes dealing with the same territories,
no longer a correct representation of the actual state of
things. The aggressive attitude of the King of Upper
Burma, and his obstinate refusal to redress the wrongs
done by his servants to British subjects, compelled Lord
Dufferin at the close of 1885 to send an expeditionary
force to Mandalay. The King was dethroned, and
deported for safe custody to British India. After an
attempt to administer the country through the Central
Council of Burmese Ministers, an attempt frustrated by
the old corrupt officials in the Districts, and by the
dynastic discords of the pretenders to the throne, Upper
Burma was annexed to British India by proclamation on
the I St January 1886, In February 1886, Lord Dufferin
proceeded to Burma to organise the administration of
the new Province. The disorders incident to the dis-
1 The considerations which would have pointed to the expediency of amplifying
this Postscript have been anticipated by a recent remarkable essay on India by Sir
Henry Sumner Maine. 'From 1858 to 1887,' he says, 'India has been governed
by the Crown under the control of Parliament, and the facts and figures which I have
given seem to me to show that, taking the standards of advance which are employed
to test the progress of Western countries, there is no country in Europe which, accord-
ing to these criteria, and regard being had to the point of departure, has advanced
during the same period more rapidly and farther than British India.' — The Reign of
Queen Victoria, vol. i. p. 518. (Smith, Elder, & Co., 1887.)
POSTSCRIPT. vii
banding of the royal troops, and the struggles of various
party leaders and pretenders to the sovereignty, gave
rise to numerous marauding bands known as dacoits.
These plunderers were active throughout the hot months
and the malarious rainy season of 1886; sometimes as
petty gang-robbers, sometimes as bodies of well-armed
banditti, and in certain localities as an organised array,
operating on a scale which might almost be dignified
with the name of guerilla war.
The close of the unhealthy season, and the approach
of the cold weather of i^Z6-%'], enabled the British
authorities to deal with these depredators. In November
1886 a force of troops and armed police was gradually
spread over Upper Burma in such numbers as to render
plunder a very perilous livelihood. The peasantry
began to array themselves more actively on the side
of order ; in many cases taking their protection into
their own hands, and slaughtering or capturing the
dacoits. The Buddhist clergy were almost from the
first on our side, and they made their Influence decisively
felt as the country settled down. Meanwhile, the
annexed territories had been divided into British
Districts of more convenient size, and placed under
a carefully selected staff of civil administrators. By
the end of the cold weather of 1886-87 order was
fairly established ; and during the ensuing hot weather
(1887) the work of pacification went forward. Satis-
factory relations were also established with the adjoining
States and hill tribes to the North and East. The new
Districts are now firmly united with Lower Burma Into
viii POSTSCRIPT.
a sinele British Province under a Chief Commissioner.'
So far as can be foreseen at present (August 1887),
the period of conquest in Upper Burma is over, and
the task of consoHdation is being accomplished by rapid
strides/
While dealing with recent changes in Upper Burma,
I take the opportunity of correcting an oversight in
regard to the educational system in Lower Burma.
Sixteen years ago, when I was collecting materials
for the first edition of this work, it seemed to me a
subject of regret that the British authorities had not
availed themselves more heartily of the system of
indigenous instruction o-Iven in the monasteries and
religious houses by the Buddhist clergy. During the
interval which has since elapsed, the system of public
instruction in British Burma may almost be said to have
been reconstituted on the basis of indigenous monastic
teaching. I have mentioned the function assio^ned to
such native agency at page 207 of volume iii. and in
other places. But there are also passages in which I
^ In the Preface to this edition I regretted that the necessity of printing in England,
while the author was in India, unavoidably led to errors in the press. An unfortunate
example of this class occurs in my account of recent transactions in Burma at page
430 of volume vi. I liad kept back the sheet in order to incorporate the facts of the
Proclamation of Annexation and of Lord Dufferin's visit to Burma. But the new
sentences, when forwarded to England, got transposed ; and the events of January
and February i8S6 are made to precede the expeditionary force and occupation of
Mandalay in November 1885. A clerical error, also due to the insertion of a new
sentence in the proof, and more likely to lead to confusion, had escaped me in the
same volume. In line 5 of footnote 2, page 230 of volume vi., for ' The latter''
please read/ The former.'' Again, in lines 22 and 24 of p. 471 of volume v., the
words ' right ' and ' left ' have been inadvertently transposed.
POSTSCRIPT. ix
omit to notice or to sufficiently emphasize the change.
I gladly therefore take this occasion to again acknow-
ledge the educational work done by the monastic
institutions and the Buddhist clergy in Burma, and
also the wise use which the English authorities in
the Province have, for years past, made of this
indigenous basis of public instruction.
The ancient schism between the Catholic Priests
and Bishops appointed under the jurisdiction of the
King of Portugal or his representative, the Archbishop
of Goa, and the Vicars-Apostolic sent to India under
the direct authority of the Pope, has been narrated in
volume vi.^ Since that volume was written, the
provisional arrangement therein mentioned has been
matured into a permanent settlement of the long-
conflicting claims. The local jurisdiction of the Arch-
bishop of Goa, as representing the King of Portugal,
has been respected. But, generally speaking, the Roman
Catholic Church in India has now been brought under
the authority of the Pope. His Holiness has issued
an instrument settinQf forth the new settlement of the
Indian Catholic Church ; and a hierarchy of Arch-
bishops and Bishops, under the direct regulation of
Rome, has taken the place of the Vicars and Prefects
Apostolic in partibus injideliiun.
During the printing of the fourteen volumes, much
new information has come into my possession, some-
1 Vol. vi. pp. 255, 256.
X ■ POSTSCRIPT,
times too late to be used. Thus, while I correctly state^
that the style of * the Governor-General-in-Council ' was
first authorized by the statute of ^jZ Geo. III., I else-
where mention, on the authority of an official Report
071 the Old Records of the India Office, that the title
of Governor-General had occurred incidentally a century
before.^ A personal examination of the original manu-
scripts has since convinced me that this is erroneous ;
and that the official reporter probably misread the
title of * Gaptain-General ' for ' Governor-General.' I
am indebted to Colonel Yule, C.B., for materials, also
derived from the India Office MSS., which throw
grave doubts on the popular derivation of Chanak (or
Achanak), the native name for Barrackpur, from its
supposed founder, Job Charnock. The name seems
to have existed before that worthy could have given it
his patronymic.
For these and other deficiencies I respectfully plead
the necessity imposed upon me to finish the undertak-
ing within stringent limits as to time. The present
fourteen volumes endeavour to truthfully condense the
data which I have been able, during sixteen years, to
collect concerning an Empire nearly equal in size to all
Europe, less Russia. They were intended to subserve
the purposes of administration, and the Government
wisely declined to permit of leisure for literary complete-
ness, at the cost of delays which would have impaired
the practical utility of the work. Every year adds new
, 'Vol. vi. p. 431. *Vol. vi. p. 370 (footnote).
POSTSCRIPT. ' xi
stores to our information regarding India ; and each
decennial Census enables the economist and the admini-
strator to handle Indian problems with a surer grasp.
It may perhaps be my privilege, at some future time, to
bring out a further edition of these volumes, with ampler
knowledge and clearer lights. If this be not granted, I
leave with confidence to the SQrvants of the Crown in
India who come, after me, the task of perfecting the
work which I have begun.
In conclusion, I wish to express my obligations to Mr.
J. S. Cotton, late Fellow of Queen's College, Oxford,
and Mr. H. Morse Stephens, B.A. of Balliol College,
for the Index which forms this volume. That Index
is a careful expansion of the one to the first edition.
It brings to a point, and renders available at a glance,
the masses of local information collected throughout the
250 Districts of India during the past sixteen years.
Its plan, general outline, and major headings, are
necessarily my own : but to Mr. Cotton and Mr.
Stephens belongs the merit of its execution.
W. W. Hunter.
Weimar,
Atigusi 24, 1887.
IMPERIAL GAZETTEER
OF
INDIA.
INDEX.
Abaji Somadeo, Sivaji's general, took
Kalyan, vii. 347.
Abar or Abor Hills, in Assam, i. 1,2.
Abars, independent tribe, probably of
Tibetan stock, i. i ; in Assam, i. 353 ;
in Lakhimpur, viii. 431 ; ariicle ' India,'
vi. 57-
Abazai, fort in Punjab, i. 2.
Abbott, Gen., settled Hazara, v. 362;
founded Abbottabad, v. 363 ; suggested
that Arrian's Aornos was Mahaban Hill,
xi. 506.
Abbottabad, tahsil'm Punjab, i. 2.
Abbottabad, town and cantonment in
Punjab, i. 2, 3.
Abdalis, Arab tribe near Aden, i, 24.
Abdu, town in Bombay, i. 3.
Abdul Ghani, Nawab, gave water-supply
and almshouses to Dacca, iv. 89, 90, 91.
Abdul Nabi Khan, Nawab of Cuddapah,
conquered the Baramahal, iv. 48, 56.
Abdul Nabi Khan, last Kalhora chief of
Sind, his histor)% xii. 512, 513.
Abdul Rahim Khan, mutineer leader,
ruled Budaun, iii. 1 18.
Abdul Samad Khan, Governor of Kash-
mir, defeated the Sikhs (1716) and
took Banda prisoner, xi. 263.
Abdul Wahab, first Nawab of Karnul,
turned the temples into mosques, viii.
42 ; his mausoleum, viiL 45.
Abdul Wahab Khan, Nawab of Arcot,
held fort of Chandragiri, iii. 363.
Abdulla Khan, Sayyid, Wazir, helped his
brother against Farukhsiyyar, defeated
by Muhammad Shah, v. 257, 258.
Abdulla Khan Talpur, expelled the last
Kalhora chief from Sind, xii. 513. ,
VOL. XIV.
Abdulla Kutab Shah, king of Golconda,
defeated by Aurangzeb, v. 255.
Abdur Rahman Khan, made Amir of
Afghanistan (July 1880'), i. 52 ; defeats
Ayub Khan, vii. 275, 398; interview
with Lord Duft'erin at Rawal Pindi,
vii. 275. _
Abdur Razai, Wazir of Mahmud of Ghazni,
conquered Sind, xii. 509.
Abdurrazak, Arab traveller, his mention
of Kiyal, viii. I07.
Abercromby, Lieut., translated History of
the Rajas of Coorg, iv. 30.
Abercromby, Gen. John, acting Governor
of Madras, ix. 67.
Abhana, village in Central Provinces, i. 3.
Abhrambara, leader of insurrection in
Kanara and Coorg (1837), iv. 31.
Abingdon, Major, relieved siege of Tel-
licherri, xiii. 238.
Abiraman, town in Madras, i. 3.
Abji, town in Bombay, i. 3.
Ablagundi, pass in Madras, i. 3, 4.
Abor Hills and Abor Tribe. See Abar.
Aboriginal tribes, non-Aryan population,
article ' India,' vi. , chap. iii. pp. 53-74.
Kistvaen builders, flint and bronze
periods, 53 ; non-Aryans of Vedic
India, 53, 54 ; Andaman islanders,
55 ; Anamalai hillmen, 55 ; Gonds
and aboriginal tribes of the Central
Provinces, 55, 56 ; the Juangs or leaf-
wearers of Orissa, 56 ; tribes of the
Himalayas, 56 ; of Assam, 57 ; Santals,
their tribal government, history, re-
ligion, 57-60 ; the Kandhs of Orissa,
their tribal government, blood revenge,
marriage by capture, and human sacri-
fice, 60-63 ; origin of the non-Aryan
tribes, 63 ; the three non-Aryan stocks
A
INDEX.
— Tibeto-Burtiian,Dravidian,Kolanan,
— their languages, 63-68 ; statistics of
non-Aryan races in 1872 and 1881,
69-71 ; Hinduizing tendency among
aboriginal tribes, 70, 71 ; crushed
aboriginal tribes, 71 ; gipsy clans, 71 ;
aboriginal criminal tribes, 71, 72 ; the
non-Aryan hill tribes as soldiers, 72 ;
Colonel Dixon's work among the
Mhairs of Rajputana, 73 ; Sir James
Outram's work among the Bhils, 73 ;
fidelity of the hill races, 73. — For notices
of spt;cial tribes, see Abars, Ahams,
Akas, Andamanese, Andhs, Badagas,
Bagdis, Baigas, Baltis, Bants, Baoris
or Bauris, Bathudis, Bhars, Bhilalas,
Bhils, Bhogtas, Bholiyas, Bhumijs,
Bhutias, Bhuiyas, Binjwars, Birhors,
Bishnois, Botwas, Brokpas, Brushas,
Bunas, Busbkariks, Chakmas, Cham-
pas, Chandals, Chaungthas, Chaws,
Chenchuwars, Cherus, Chilasis, Chins
or Khyins, Chitralis, Chutiyas, Dagis,
Dalus, Daphlas, Denwas, Deswalis,
Dhangars, Dhums, Dommaras, Doms,
Gadwas or Gadbas, Garos, Gaudas,
Gaulis, Gonds, Gurungs, Haburas,
Hajungs, Halbas or Halwas, Hallanis,
Holiyars or Holiaru, Irulars, Kaders,
Kakhyens, Kakus, Kamis, Kandhs,
Kanets, Karens, Kaswas, Kathkaris,
Kathodis, Kehars, Khamtis, Kharwars,
Khasis, Kirantis, Kochs, Kolis, Kols,
Koragars, Korachavandlu, Koris, Kor-
kus, Korwas, Kotas, Kukis, Kunawars,
Kuns, Kurubas, Kurumbas, Kurkus,
Kurus, Kway-mies, Ladakhis, Lalungs,
Lepchas, Limbus, Madahis,Malaikudis,
Malassers, Malayalis, Magars, Maghs,
jNIanas, Manipuris, Maravars, Marias,
Maris, Matak, Mechs, Mehras, Meos,
Merats, Mers, Mikirs, Minas, Miris,
Mishmis, Moamarias, Morangs, Mros,
Murmis, Musahars, Nagas, Nahals,
Naikdas, Nairs, Nawars, Nepalis,
Newars, Nicobarians, Nihals, Nilangs,
Nimchas, Puliyars, Pwons, Rabhas,
Rantias, Rawats, Riangs, Sak, Santals,
Saonts, Saraniyas, Savars or Sauras,
Selungs, Shandiis, Shens, Shins, Siar-
khawas, Singphos, Soligars, Sugalis,
Sunwars, Syntengs, Taalas, Takkars,
Talaings, Taughgthas, Tiors, Tip-
perahs, Todas, Torwaliks, Uraons,
Vellalars, Wagris, Warlis, Yabeins,
Yanadis, Yaws, Yerukalas, Yeshkiins.
Abras, Muhammadan tribe in Larkhana,
viii. 463.
Absentee landholders. See especially
Chengalpat, iii. 387 ; Saharanpur, xii.
120.
Abu, mountain and sanitarium in Rajput-
ana, i. 4, 12; physical aspects, 4-6;
climate, 6, 7 ; sanitarium, 7 ; Jain tem-
ples, 7-12 ; held sacred by the Jains, vi.
35, 159; xiii. 3, 4.
Abv'i llusain, last king of Golconda, made
treaties with Sivaji and Sambhaji, at-
tacked by Aurangzeb, and sent prisoner
to Daulatabad, v. 258.
Abul Fazl, Akbar's finance minister and
historian, vi. 300 ; retired to Jalna,
when exiled from Akbar's court, vii.
106 ; murdered at Prince Salim's advice,
vii. 217 ; mentions the frequency of
earthquakes in Kashmir, viii. 67.
Abulfeda, Arab geographer, mentions
Honawar, v. 440.
Abtvdbs or customary cesses. See especi-
ally Bogra, iii. 29 ; Budaun, iii. 121.
Academies for Hindu pandits. See l^ols.
Achakzais. a tribe in Afghanistan, expedi-
tion against, xi. 189.
Achala Basanta, peak in Bengal, i. 12.
Achandaviltan, town in Madras, i. 12.
Achanta, town in Madras, i. 12.
Achenkoil, pass and temple in Madras,
i. 12.
Achipur, village and signalling station in
Bengal, i. 12.
Achnera, town in N. -W. Provinces, i.
12.
Achra, port in Bombay, i. 12.
Aconite, found in Mishmi Hills, ix.
464.
Acquisition by the British of the various
Districts. See Historical section under
each District.
Acta Sanctorum, The, of the Hindus,
article 'India,' vi. 208.
Adalpur, town in Bombay, i. 13.
Adam, Sir Frederick, Governor of Madras
(1837), ix. 67.
Adam, John, acting Governor-General,
ii. 279 ; article ' India,' vi. 403.
Adam. W. P., Governor of Madras, ix.
Adam-jo-Tando, town in Sind, i. 13.
Adampur, village in Punjab, i. 13.
Adams, Major, defeats of Mir Kasim by,
at Gheria and Udha-nala (1763), article
' India,' vi. 386 ; xi. 95, 96 ; xiii. 415.
Adams, General, occupied Hoshangabad,
V. 450 ; defeated the Peshwa at Pandar-
kaura (1818), xi. 35, xiii. 540.
Adam's Bridge, ridge of sand and rocks
near Ceylon, i. 13.
Adam's Peak in Ceylon, shrine common
to Buddhism, Siva-worship, and Mu-
hammadanism, article ' India,' vi. 203.
Adavad, town in Bombay, i. 13.
Addanki, town in Madras, i. 13, 14.
Addison, Gulston, Governor of Madras
(1709), ix. 67.
Adegaon, village and tract of country in
Central Provinces, i. 14.
INDEX.
Aden, peninsula, isthmus, and fortified
town in Arabia, i. 14-24 ; history,
15-17; under British rule, 17, 18;
trade, i8, 19 ; administration, 19,
20; climate and water-supply — (i)
wells, (2) aqueduct, (3) tanks or re-
servoirs, (4) condensers, 20-24 ; forti-
fications, 24 ; Arab tribes — Abdali,
Fadhli, Akrabi, 24.
Adevi Avulapalli, mountain in Madras, i.
24-^ .
Adhid^'i, system of usury rife in Bogra,
iii. 29.
Adil Shahi, Muhammadan dynasty in
Deccan, article ' India,' vi. 288.
Adil Muhammad, Nawab of Garhi Ama-
pani, rebelled during Mutiny, and was
defeated at Rahatgarh, xiii. 103.
Adina Masjid, historic mosque in Bengal,
i. 24. See Panduah.
Adjai, river in Bengal, i. 24, 25.
Adjunta. See Ajanta.
Administration, British, of India, article
'India,' vi., chap. xvi. pp. 431-481.
Control of India in England under the
Company and under the Crown, 43 1 ;
Council of the Secretary of State, 431 ;
the Viceroy and Governor-General in
Council, 431, 432 ; Executive and
Legislative Councils, 432, 433 ; High
Courts of Justice, 433 ; Law of British
India, 433, 434 ; Provincial administra-
tion, 434, 435 ; ' Regulation' and ' Non-
Regulation ' territory, 435 ; duties of
District Officers, 435, 436 ; Districts,
number of, in India, 436, 437-; the
Secretariats of the Government of India
and of the Local Governments, 437,
438 ; the land-tax, 438-452 ; ancient
land system of India, 438 ; the Musal-
man land-tax, 439 ; the Zam/nddr made
landlord, 439; landed property in India,
and the growth of private rights, 439,
440; rates of assessment. Government
share of the crop, 441 ; methods of
assessment, 440, 441 ; the Permanent
Settlement of Bengal, creation of pro-
prietors by law, 441, 442 ; intermediate
tenure-holders, 443 ; Statistical Survey
of Bengal, 443 ; oppression of the
cultivators, 443 ; Land Law of 1859,
443, 444 ; subsequent enhancements of
rent and appointment of a Rent Com-
mission, 444, 445 ; its recommendations,
three years' tenant right, and compen-
sation for disturbance, 444, 445 ; Orissa
temporary Settlement, 445 ; Assam
yearly Settlement, 445 ; rdyatzudrl
Settlement in Madras, 445, 446 ; Sir
Thomas Munro's method of assessment,
446 ; Permanent Settlement in estates
of zaminddrs and native chiefs in
Madras, 446, 447 ; growth of cultivators
into proprietors in Madras, and exten-
sion of tillage, 447 ; reduction of average
land-tax in JNIadras, 448 ; Bombay land
system, the 'survey tenure,' its advan-
tages and disadvantages, 448, 449 ;
debts of the Deccan peasant, 449 ;
Bombay Agricultural Relief Acts of
1879 and 1881, and rural insolvency
procedure, 449, 450 ; land Settlement
in the North-Western Provinces and
Oudh, corporate holdings, 451 ; land
system of Oudh, the Tdlnkddrs, 451,
452 ; land system of the Central Pro-
vinces, 452 ; land revenue of British
India, 452 ; salt administration, sources
of salt supply, and realization of salt
duty, 452, 453 ; working of the salt
monopoly, 453, 454 ; process of salt
manufacture, 444 ; excise on country
spirits, rice-beer, opium, gdnjd, and
charas, 454, 455 ; municipal adminis-
tration and statistics, 455-457 ; Im-
perial finance, and the ' business ' of
the Indian Government, 457, 458 ;
changes in systems of account and the
obscurities resulting therefrom, 458,
459 5 gross and net taxation of British
India, 459-461 ; English and Indian
taxation, 459-461 ; Indian taxation
under the Mughals and under the
British, 462, 463 ; incidence of taxa-
tion in Native States and British terri-
toiy, 463-465 ; gross balance sheet of
British India, and analysis of Indian
revenues, 465, 466 ; nature of the land-
tax, 467 ; items of taxation summarized,
460, 461 ; 467, 468 ; Indian expendi-
ture,— the army, public debt, loss by
exchange, public works, railways, etc. ,
468-470 ; local and municipal finance,
470 ; constitution and strength of the
three Presidency armies, 471 ; police
and jail statistics, 472 ; education, 472-
479 ; education in ancient India, village
schools and Sanskrit tols, 472, 473 ;
the Company's first efforts at education,
the Calcutta Madrasa and other
colleges, 473 ; mission schools, 473 ;
State system of education, 474, 475 ;
the Education Commission of 1882-83,
and its recommendations, 474 ; educa-
tional statistics of British India, 474,
475 ; the Indian Universities and tlieir
constitution, 475, 476 ; colleges, middle
schools, and primary schools, in the
various Provinces, 476-478 ; girls'
schools, 478, 479 ; normal and other
special schools, 479 ; the vernacular
press and native journalism, 480 ;
registered publications in India, 4S0,
481. — For historical details, see Eno--
lish in India, and History of British
Rule.
INDEX.
Local notices — Aden, i. 19; Ajtnere-
Merwara, i. 129, 130; Assam, i. 369-371 ;
Bengal, ii. 315-317 ; Bombay, iii. 65,
66 ; Lower Burma, iii. 206, 207 ; Cen-
tral Provinces, iii. 320, 321 ; Coorg,
iv. 39, 40 ; Berar, v. 272 ; Madras, ix.
64-66 ; North-Western Provinces, x.
397, 398 ; Oudh, X. 508, 509 ; Punjab,
xi. 270, 271 ; Sind, xii. 523, 524; and
see also the section on Administration
in each District article.
Administration of European possessions
other than British : French possessions,
iv. 455, 456 ; Portuguese possessions,
see Daman, iv. 103 ; Diu, iv. 306 ;
Goa, v. 95-99.
Administration in Native States : Afghan-
istan, i. 47 ; Alwar, i. 206 ; Bahawal-
pur, i. 422, 423 ; Baluchistan, ii. 39 ;
Baroda, ii. 166-168 ; Bhartpur, ii. 375 ;
Bhopal, ii. 405 ; Bhutan, ii. 416 ;
Upper (when Independent) Burma, iii.
213-216; Chutia Nagpur Tributary
States, iii. 464-466 ; Cochin, iv. 8, 9 ;
Cutch, iv. 62, 63 ; Dholpur, iv. 275 ;
Dungarpur, iv. 324 ; Gwalior, v. 230 ;
Haidarabad, v. 24S ; Hill Tipperah,
V. 398, 400, 401 ; Indore, vii. 7, 8 ;
Jaipur, vii. 58 ; Jaisalmer, vii. 68, 69 ;
Jodhpur, vii. 243, 244 ; Kashmir and
Jamu, viii. 76, 77 ; Kathiawar States,
viii. 93, 94 ; Khairpur, viii. 136, 137 ;
Kotah, viii. 307 ; Kuch Behar, viii.
326, 327 ; Laccadive Islands, viii. 394,
395 ; Maldive Islands, ix. 252 ; Mani-
pur, ix. 332, 333 ; Mysore, x. 95, 96 ;
Orchha, x. 425 ; Orissa Tributary
States, X. 476, 477 ; Rampur, xi. 458 ;
Sikkim, xii. 486, 487 ; Travancore,
xiii. 351, 352 ; Udaipur, xiii. 408.
Adoni, town and taluk in Madras, i. 25.
Adoption, Hindu practice of, article
' India,' vi. 414, 415.
Adrampet, port in Madras, i. 27.
Adur or Andur, family of Kdvalgars in
Madras, i. 27.
Advances to cultivators and weavers, in
Ahmadabad, i. 90 ; Ahmadnagar, i.
104; Ajmere-Merwara, i. 125; Bom-
bay, iii. 54 ; Champaran, iii. 341 ;
Chittagong Hill Tracts, iii. 451 ; Dacca,
iv. 86 ; Goa, v. 95 ; Berar, v. 269 ;
Orchha, x. 425 ; Orissa, x. 459 ; to
Santal colonists, xii. 231.
Advichinchars, tribe of wandering jugglers
in Dharwar, iv. 260.
Adyal, town in Central Provinces, i. 27.
Aeng, river and town in Burmah, 1-27.
See An.
Afghan dynasty of Delhi (1540-56),
article ' India,' vi. 291.
Afghanistan, History of, under the
Duranis (1747-1846), article ' India,' vi.
406 ; early British dealings with (1800-
37), 407 ; Afghan dynastic quarrels,
407 ; Russian intrigues, 407 ; installa-
tion of Shah Shuja, and occupation of
Kabul by a British force (1839), 407,
408 ; rising of the Afghan people,
murder of the British envoy, and mas-
sacre of the British army on its retreat
through the snow to India (1841-42),
408 ; the British army of retribution,
408, 409 ; Lord Ellenborough's pro-
clamation, 409 ; second Afghan war
(1878-S1), 426, 427 ; murder of Sir L.
Cavagnari, the British Resident, 427 ;
retributive occupation of Kabul, 427 ;
Sir F. Roberts' march from Kabul to
Kandahar, and defeat of Ayub Khan,
424 ; recognition of Abdur Rahman
Khan as Amir, 427 ; the Rawal Pindi
darbdr, 427 ; trade routes to Afghan-
istan, 586 ; value of Afghan trade, 586.
Afghanistan, mountainous region between
N. - W. India and Eastern Persia,
i- 27-53 » boundaries, 28, 29 ; natural
divisions, 29, 30 ; rivers, 30 - 33 ;
lakes, provinces, and towns : — Istalif,
33 ; Charikar, 34 ; Kilat-i-Ghilzai, 34,
35 ; Girishk, 35; Farrah, 35 ; Sabzavar,
35 ; Zarni, 35, 36 ; Lash, 36 ; Ghorian,
36 ; natural productions— minerals, 36,
37 ; climate, 37, 38 ; agriculture, 38 ;
domestic animals, 38, 39 ; industrial
products, 39 ; trade, 39-41 ; races of
Afghanistan — Duranis, 41 ; Ghilzais,
41 ; Yusufzais, 42 ; Kakars, 42 ; Kizil-
bashis, 42, 43 ; Hazaras, 43, 44 ;
Aimaks, 44 ; Hindkis, 44 ; Baluchis,
44 ; political institutions, 46, 47 ;
government, 47 ; revenue, 47 ; military
force, 48 ; language and literature, 48 ;
history, 48-52 ; antiquities, 52, 53.
Afghan-Turkistan, i. 53-56 ; population,
55 ; products and industry, 55 ; his-
tory, 55, 56 ; antiquities, 56.
Afghan War, first (1838-42), article
' India,' vi. 407-409. See Afghanistan,
history of, supra. Local notices —
Afghanistan, i. 49-51 ; assistance given
by the Nawab of Bahawalpur, i. 423 ;
siege of Ghazni, v. 72 ; occupation of
Kabul and massacre there, vii. 272,
273 ; operations at Kandahar, vii. 392-
394 ; the forcing of the Khaibar pass,
viii. 125-127 ; occupation of Sibi, xii.
457) 458 ; opposition of the Mirs to
the British march through Sind, xii.
514-
Afghan War, second (1878-80), article
'India,' vi. 426, 427. .S^ir Afghanistan,
history of, supra. Local notices —
Afghanistan, i. 52 ; assistance given by
the Nawab of Bahawalpur, i. 424 ;
capture of Kabul and operations there,
INDEX.
vii. 273, 274 ; operations at Kandahar,
vii. 395 - 398 ; marches through the
Khaibar pass, vii. 127 ; occupation of
Pishin and its cession to the British,
xi. 189 ; cession of Sibi, xii. 458 ;
Sonmiani used as port of debarkation
for stores, xiii. 61.
Afridis, an Afghan clan west and south
of Peshawar, i. 42.
Afzalgarh, town in N.-W. Provinces, i. 57.
Afzul JChan, murder of, by Sivaji at Par-
tabgarh, xi. 77, 78.
Agai, town in Oudh, i. 57.
Agar, petty State in Bombay, i. 57.
Agar, town in Central India, i. 57-
Agar attar, a perfume made at Patharia,
xi. 87.^
Agarpara, town in Bengal, i. 57.
Agartala, capital of Hill Tipperah State
in Bengal, i. 57, 58.
Agartala, Old, ruins in Bengal, i. 58.
Agarwala, trading and banking caste.
Ste Marwaris.
Agashi, port in Bombay, i. 58.
Agastya, the Brahman Saint of Southern
India, legend of, article ' India,' vi,
329. See also Tinnevelli, xiii. 299.
Agastya-malai, peak in Madras, i. 58.
Agates, found in Kaira, vii. 300 ; Kapa-
dwanj, vii. 439 ; Mysore, x. 92 ; Rewa
Kantha, xii. 49.
Agate ornaments, Cambay famous for, iii.
274.
Age, population classified accordiug to.
See Population section under each Dis-
trict.
Agencies, for the joint superintendence of
the smaller Native States : Baghel-
khand,i.4i6, 417; Bhil or Bhopawar, ii.
394, 395 ; Deputy Bhil, ii. 395 ; Bhopal,
ii. 406 ; Bundelkhand, iii. 152 ; Central
India, iii. 297 ; Guna, v. 201 ; Indore,
vii. 10 ; Kathiawar, viii. 88-97 ; Mahi
Kantha, ix. 1 75- 179 ; Western Malwa,
ix. 267-272; Palanpur, x. 535-539;
Rewa Kantha, xii. 48-54 ; Sural, xiii.
136.
Aghoris, a carrion-eating sect of Sivaite
devotees, article ' India,' vi. 214.
Aghwanpur-Mughalpur, town in N.-W.
Provinces, i. 58.
Agiari. See Temples, Parsi Fire.
Agnew, Col., his administration of
Raipur, xi. 369.
Agnew, Mr. Vans, murdered by Mulraj,
obelisk to, at Miiltan, x. 12 ; demar-
cated boundaries of Spiti, xiii. 70.
Agni, the Vedic God of Fire, article
' India,' vi. 80.
Agoada, headland and bay, in Western
India, i. 58, 59.
Agra, Division in N.-W. Provinces, i. 59,
60.
Agra, District in N.-W. Provinces, i. 60-
67 ; physical aspects, 60, 61 ; history,
61, 62 ; population, 62, 63 ; agriculture,
63, 64 ; natural calamities, 64, 65 ;
commerce and trade, etc., 65, 66 ;
administration, 66, 67.
Agra, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces, i. 68.
Agra City, capital of Akbar the Great,
who built the fort, article ' India,' vi.
294 ; Akbar's tomb at Sikandra near,
295 ; embassy of Sir Thomas Roe to the
Emperor Jahangir, 301 ; 367 ; Shah
Jahan's great architectural works at the
Taj Mahal and Moti Mas] id, 304 ;
deposition of Shah Jahan and imprison-
ment within Agra Fort (where he died),
by his usurping son Aurangzeb, 305 ;
establishment of English factory at
(1620), 367. Local notices — i. 68-76 ;
site and area, 68 ; history, 68-71 ;
architectural works, 71 ; Jama Masjid,
71, 72; fort, 72, 73; Taj Mahal, 73-
75 ; tomb of Ihtimad-ud-Daula, 75 ;
Akbar's tomb near, 75 ; population,
75, 76 ; manufactures, trade, etc., 76 ;
municipality, 76.
Agra Canal, irrigation work in N. India,
i. 76, 77 ; article ' India,' vi. 29, 532,
533. Local notices — Agra District, i.
61 ; Delhi, iv. 183 ; Gurgaon, v. 220 ;
Muttra, X. 44.
Agra, village in Bengal, i. 77.
Agra Barkhera, petty State in Central
India, i. 77-
Agradwip, island in Bengal, i. 77.
Agrahara Vallalur, town in Madras, i. 77.
Agrarian riots, in Bamanghati, ii. 40 ;
Bombay, iii. 57 ; Pabna, x. 513.
Agricultural castes. See Castes.
Agricultural day-labourers. See Day-
labourers.
Agricultural exhibitions. See Exhibitions.
Agricultural Relief Acts for Southern
India, vi. 449, 450.
Agricultural school at Saidapet in Madras,
vi. 516; ix. 35, 119; xii. 140, 141.
Agricultural stock in India, vi. 519-523;
famous breeds of cattle and horses, 520,
521. Seedlso Cattle, Horses, and Sheep.
Agricultural products, article 'India,' vi.
chap. xvii. pp. 482-544. Agriculture in
India, the occupation of almost the entire
population, 482, 483 ; various systems
of agriculture, 483 ; rotation of crops,
petite culture, 483, 484 ; statistics of
rice cultivation in different Provinces,
484-486 ; hill cultivation, 486 ; wheat,
486 ; area under principal food-grains,
487 ; millets and minor cereals, 488,
489; pulses, 489; oil -seeds, 489;
vegetables, fruits, and spices, 490 ;
palms and sugar-cane, 491 ; cotton,
491-494; jute, 494, 495; indigo,
INDEX.
495-498 ; opium, 498, 499 ; tobacco,
499, 500 ; uncertainty of Indian crop
statistics, 500 ; approximate area under
certain principal crops, 501 ; special
crops, coffee, 502-504 ; tea, 504-509 ; '
cinchona, 509-511 ; silk, 51 1-5 14; lac
and lac-dye, 515 ; model farms, their
small success, 515, 516; the problem
of improved husbandry, 517 J the im-
pediments to better husbandry, namely,
want of cattle, want of manure, and
want of water, 517-519; as^ricultural
stock, 519-523; forest conservancy and
growth of the Indian Forest Depart-
ment, 522 ; 524-527 ; nomadic cultiva-
tion, 527, 528 ; irrigation and its
function in India during famine, 528,
529 ; irrigation areas in the different
Provinces, 529-538; irrigation statistics
for British India, 538, 539 ; famines
and their causes, 539, 540 ; summary of
Indian famines, 541, 542 ; the great
famine in Southern India (1876-78),
542-544. See separate alphabetical
headings of crops, etc., also Agricultural
section under each District.
Agriculture in India, small holdings,
article 'India,' vi. 62; absence of
large towns, 62.
Agroha, historic town in Punjab, i. 77, 78.
Agror or Agrore, frontier valley in Punjab,
i. 78.
Agumbe, pass in Madras, i. 78.
Agiistisvaram, taluk in Madras, i, 78.
Agvvanpur-Mughalpur, town in N.-W.
Provinces, i. 78.
Agwon, revenue circle in Burma, i. 78, 79.
Ahalya Bai, ruled in Indore, vii. 5 ;
founded city of Indore, vii. 9 ; lived at
Maheswar, ix. 173.
Ahams, former rulers of Assam, i. 79-8' ;
history, 79, 80 ; religion, 80 ; present
numbers, 81 ; their administration of
Assam, i. 342-344 ; now a crushed tribe,
article ' India,' vi. 7 1 ; present descend-
ants of, vi. 188. Local notices — See Dar-
rang, iv. 143, 145 ; Kamrup, vii. 359 ;
Lakhimpur, viii. 428-430 ; Nowgong,
X. 409 ; Sibsagar, xii. 461, 462, 463.
Ahankaripur, town in Oudh, i. 81.
Ahar, ruined city in Rajputana, i. 81.
Ahar, ancient town in N.-W. Provinces,
i. 81, 82.
Aheriyas, tribe of dakdits in Etah, iv.
359-
Ahi, the Vedic Demon of Drought, vi, 81,
and footnote.
Ahiri, zaminddn and forest in Central
Provinces, i. 82.
Ahirs, or Goalas, a pastoral caste, espe-
cially numerous or otherwise notice-
able, in Allahabad, i. 189 ; Azamgarh,
i. 395 ; Bahraich, i. 430 ; Balrampur,
ii. 25 ; Banda, ii. 50 ; Bara Banki, ii.
1 10 ; Basti, ii. 209 ; Behar, ii. 225 ;
Bengal, ii. 296 ; Bhagalpur, ii. 346 ;
Budaun, iii. 119 ; Bulandshahr, iii.
137; Burhapara, iii. 166; Cawnpur,
iii. 283; Central Provinces, iii. 316;
Chichgarh, iii. 408 ; Cuttack, iv. 69 ;
Delhi, iv. 182; Dewa, iv. 235; Etah,
•v. 359 ; Etavvah, iv. 373 ; Faizabad,
iv. 383 ; Fatehpur, iv. 424 ; Gaya, v.
52 ; Ghazipur, v. 66 ; Gurgaon, v. 218,
219; Hazaribagh, v. 373; Jaunpur,
vii. 154; Jhansi, vii. 222; Lohardaga,
viii. 481 ; Lucknow, viii. 496 ; Main-
puri, ix. 203, 206 ; Western Malwa,
ix. 269 ; Monghyr, ix. 484 ; Muzaffar-
pur, X. 79 ; Oudh, x. 498 ; Partabgarh,
xi. 70 ; Patna, xi. 99 ; Purniah, xi.
325 ; Rai Bareli, xi. 354 ; Rajputana,
xi. 408, 410; the Santal Parganas, xii.
229 ; Saran, xii. 253, 258 ; Seoni, xii.
31 ; Shahabad, xii. 327; Singhbln'mi,
xii. 536, 537 ; Sultanpur, xiii. 98 ;
Unao, xiii. 430.
Ahirwas, ruined fort in Central India, i. 82.
Ahiyari, village in Bengal, i. 82.
Ahmadabad, District in Bombay, i. 82-
93 ; physical aspects, 83, 84 ; history,
84, 85 ; population, 85-87 ; manufac-
tures, 87, 88 ; agriculture, 88-91 ;
natural calamities, 91 ; roads, trade,
etc., 91, 92; administration, 92, 93.
Ahmadabad, city in Bombay, i. 93-98 ;
physical aspects, 94 ; history, 94, 95 ;
population, 95 ; commerce and manu-
factures, 95, 96 ; pottery, 96 ; paper
manufacture, 96, 97 ; roads and streets,
97 ; architecture, 97, 98.
Ahmad AH Khan, Nawab of Farukh-
nagar, hanged for participating in the
Mutiny, iv. 418.
Ahmadgarh, village in N.-W. Provinces,
i. 98.
Ahmad Khan Bangash, Pathan chief of
Fai-ukhabad, caused Chhatar Sal to call
Marathas into Bundelkhand, iii. 155.
Ahmadnagar, District in Bombay, i. 98-
107 ; physical aspects, 99, 100 ; his-
tory, 100; population, 100-102;
agriculture, I02, 103 ; trade, etc.,
103-105 ; rates of interest, 105 ; de-
pressed condition of the peasantry,
105 ; railways, 106 ; administration,
etc., 106, 107 ; climate, 107.
Ahmadnagar, Sub-division in Bombay, i.
107.
Ahmadnagar, city in Bombay, i. 107-
Iio ; physical aspects, 107, 108 ; popu-
lation, 109 ; architecture, 109 ; roads
and streets, 109, no.
Ahmadnagar, Muhammadan kingdom of
W. India (1490-1636), article ' India,'
vi. 288.
INDEX,
Ahmadnagar, village in Oudh, i. iio.
Ahmad Nizam Shah, founded Ahmadna-
gar (1494) and a dynasty there, i. 108.
Ahmadpur, town in Punjab, i. no.
Ahmadpur, trading village in Bengal, i.
no.
Ahmad Sayyid, an Afghan fanatic, de-
feated by Sher Singh, a Sikh general,
at Derband, iv. 229.
Ahmad Shah l., king of Gujarat (1413-
43), founded Ahmadabad, i. 94; built
fort of Dohad, iv. 12 ; built hill fort of
Gawilgarh, v. 43.
Ahmad Shah Bahmani, founded a Mu-
hammadan kingdom in the Deccan, iii.
36.
Ahmad Shah Durani (1747-61), article
' India,' vi. 314, 315. Local notices —
Formed Afghanistan into an empire, i.
49 ; conquered Afghan-Turkistan, i.
56 ; destroyed Amritsar, i. 256 ; or-
ganized coalition before the battle of
Panipat at Anupshahr, i. 295 ; in the
Bannu valley, ii. 91 ; twice sacked
Delhi, iv. 193 ; his authority in Dera
Ghazi Khan, iv. 211, and Dera Ismail
Khan, iv. 221 ; ravaged Gujrat, v. 190 ;
establishsd semblance of order in Haz-
ara, v. 361 ; founded the present city
of Kandaliar, vii. 389 ; his tomb there,
vii, 391 ; conquered Kashmir, viii. 61 ;
took Lahore, viii. 406 ; plundered
Muttra, X. 54 ; victor}' of Panipat, xi.
45-47 ; defiled the Sikh temples, xi.
264 ; ceded Pishin to Nasir Khan of
Khelat, xi. 189 ; also Quetta, xi. 337 ;
granted the lands of the Barha'Sayyids
in the Upper Doab to Najib Khan,
xii. 116; plundered Shahdara, N.-W.
Provinces, before the battle of Panipat,
xii. 341 ; made Mir Muhammad Kal-
hora tributary and invaded Sind, xii.
512.
Admadzais, tribe of Kumbarani Brahuis,
iii. 100.
Ahmedabad. i'i;^ Ahmadabad.
Ahmednagar. See Ahmadnagar.
Ahobalam, shrine in Madras, i. no.
Ahpyouk, revenue circle in Burma, i.
no, III.
Ahraura, town in N.-W. Provinces, i.
III.
Ahtaran. See Attaran.
Aiavej, petty State in Kathiawar, i. in.
Aidaha, village in Oudh, i. in.
Aigur, town in Mysore, i. n i .
Aihar, town in Oudh, i. in.
Aikota. See Ayakotta.
Aimaks, The four, nomadic tribe in
Afghanistan, i. 44; Herat, v. 391.
Aing-gyi, village in Burma, i. in.
Ain-i-Akhari, or Chronicles of Akbar,
translated by Blochmann, article
'India, 'vi. 272 (footnote) ; 291 (footnote
i) ; 295 (footnotes).
Ainur Marigudi, State forest in Mysore,
i. III.
Airi, teak forest in Central Provinces, i.
in.
Aitchison, Sir C. U., Chief Commis-
sioner of Burma (1878-80), iii. 176;
Lieutenant-Governor of the Punjab,
xi. 270 ; his Treaties quoted, iii. 293,
X. 490, xii. 89, xii. 150.
Aitchison's, Dr. The Trade Products of
Leh referred to, viii. 400.
Aix-la-Chapelle, Madras restored to the
English by the Treaty of (1748), article
' India,' vi. 379.
Aiyar, river in Madras, i. in.
Ajabpur, Native State in Bombay, i. in.
Ajaigarh, Native State in Central India,
i. 112, 113.
Ajai Pal, conquered by Mahmud of
Ghazni, and killed in battle with the
Chandel Raja of Kalinjar, iv. 410.
Ajanta Indhyadri, hill ranges in Berar,
i. 113.
Ajanta, cave temples in Berar, i. 1 13- 116 ;
sculpture and architecture, 114 ; paint-
ings, 115 ; monasteries, Il5i Il6.
Ajanur, town in Madras, i. 116.
Ajgain, town in Oudh, i. 116.
Ajgaon, town in Oudh, i. 116.
Ajimpur, town in Mysore, i. 116.
Ajit Singh, Raja of Jodhpur, formed alli-
ance with Jaipur and Udaipur against
the Muhammadr.ns, vii. 241.
Ajmere-Merwara, British Province in
Rajputana, i. 117 -131; physical
aspects, II7-II9; history, I19-122;
population, 122-124; agriculture, 125,
126 ; land tenures, 126, 127 ; natural
calamities, 127, 128; forests, 128;
commerce and trade, etc., 128, 129;
administration, 129, 130 ; medical
aspects, 130, 131.
Ajmere, city in Rajputana, i. 131-133 '■>
establishment of an English factory at
(1614), article 'India,' vi. 366.
Ajmirgarh, hill in Central Provinces, i.
133- T. ■ , •
Ajnala, village and tahsil in Punjab, i.
133, 134- . ^ .
Ajodhya, ancient town in Oudh, 1. 134,
135-
Ajodhya, trading village in Bengal, i. 135.
Ajra, town in Bombay, i. 135.
Aka Hiils, tract of country in N.-E.
India, i. 135, 136.
Akas, aboriginal hill tribe of Assam,
article ' India,' vi. 57. Local notices —
i- 135. 136.
Akalgarh, town in Punjab, i. 137.
Akalkot, feudatory State and town in
Bombay, i. 137, 13S.
8
INDEX.
Akalkot, i. 138.
Akar-ali, old raised road in Assam,
i. 138.
Akhar the Great, founder of the Mughal
Empire (1556-1605), article 'India,' vi.
291-300; chief events of his reign,
291 (footnote) ; his work in India,
292, 293 ; conciliatory policy towards
the Hindus, 293 ; conquest of Rajput
chiefs, and extension and consolidation
of the Mughal Empire, 293, 294; change
of capital from Delhi to Agra, 294 ; his
religious faith, 295 ; army, judicial, and
police reforms, 296 ; his revenue sur-
vey and land settlement of India, 297,
298 ; revenues of the Mughal Empire
under Akbar, 297-300. Local notices —
Founded Agra, i. 61, and died there,
i. 69 ; took Ahmadabad, i. 93 ; offered
thanks at Ajmere for his son's birth, i.
121 ; annexed Berar, i. 141, 142, iii.
144; built fort of Allahabad, i. 196;
took Asirgarh, i. 339 ; built fort of
Attock, i. 382 ; Bardvvan taken by his
troops, ii. 127 ; reconquered Gujarat,
iii. 36; took Broach, iii. 113; an-
nexed Burhanpur, iii. 162 ; built
palace there, iii. 164 ; Gondwana in-
vaded by his armies, iii. 311 ; stormed
Chitor, iii. 431 ; founded Fatehpur
Sikri to be his capital, iv. 433 ; took
fort of Gwalior, v. 236 ; established
Muhammadan colony at Gopamau, v.
323 ; founded Jalalabad, vii. 76 ; re-
moved capital of his eastern provinces
from Jaunpur to Allahabad, vii. 153 ;
conquered Jodhpur, and married Jodh-
bai, sister of its Raja, vii. 241 ; heard
of his father's death, and ascended the
throne at Kalanaur, vii. 323 ; con-
quered Kangra, vii. 414, 415 ; con-
quered Kashmir, viii. 6 ; conquered
Gujarat, viii. 91, ix. 267 ; overran
Khandesh, viii. 15^2 ; repaired the fort
of Lahore, viii. 415 ; much improved
Lucknow, viii. 505 ; incorporated
Malwa, ix. 267 ; said to have founded
a city on site of Murshidabad,
X. 32 ; occupied Nagaur, x. 158 ;
annexed Nimar, x. 330 ; his victory
over Hemu, the general of Sher Shah,
at Panipat, xi. 45 ; took Pawagarh, xi.
122 ; his policy with the Rajput chiefs,
xi. 405 ; besieged Satana, xii. 274 ;
his tomb at Sikandra, xii. 481 ; united
Sind to the empire, xii. 510, 511 ;
built hill fort and laid out the Najib
Bagh at Srinagar, xiii. 77 ; took Surat,
xiii. 120 ; conquered and converted
the last Hindu Raja of Laur, xiii.
146 ; destroyed Tatta, xiii. 219 ; de-
feated by the Rana of Mewar, xiii. 404 ;
born at Umarkot, xiii. 421,
Akbar Khan, son of Dost Muhammad,
murdered Sir W. Macnaghten, i. 50 ;
made Wazir of Afghanistan, and died,
i. 51.
Akbar Sayyid of Sitana, elected king of
Hazara, but expelled by Ghulab Singh,
v. 362.
Akbarbandar, trading village in Bengal,
i. 138.
Akbarnagar, old name of Rajmahal,
Bengal.
Akbarpur, town and tahsil in N.-W.
Provinces, i. 138, 139.
Akbarpur, town and tahsil in Oudh, i.
139.
Akbarpur, village in Bengal, i. 139.
Akbarpur-Singhauli, pargand in Oudh,
i- 139-
Akdia, petty State in Bombay, i. 140.
Akheri. See Ikkeri.
Akhmir. See Aknur.
Akkachillelu (The Sisters), isolated rocks
near Kosigi in Madras, viii. 300.
Akkayavalasa, estate in Madras, i. 140.
Aklaj, town in Bombay, i. 140.
Aknur, town and fort in Punjab, i. 140.
Akohri, town in Oudh, i. 140.
Akola, District in Berar, i. 140-146 ;
physical aspects, 140, 141 ; history,
141, 142 ; population, 142, 143 ; agri-
culture, 143, 144 ; land tenures, 144 ;
natural calamities, 144 ; manufactures
and trade, 144, 145 ; roads and rail-
ways, 145 ; administration, 145 ;
meteorological aspects, etc., 146.
Akola, idluk in Berar, i. 146.
Akola, town in Berar, i. 146, 147.
Akola, Sub-division in Bombay, i. 147.
Akona. See Ikauna.
Akora, town in Punjab, i. 147.
Akot, town and tdhtk in Berar, i. 147,
148.
Akouk-taung, hill in Burma, i. 148.
Akrabis, Arab tribe, near Aden, i. 24.
Akrani, pargand in Bombay, i. 148.
Akras. See Vaishnav monasteries.
Akyab, District in Burma, i. 148- 1 58 ;
physical aspects, 149, 150 ; history,
150-154; population, 154, 155 ; agri-
culture, 155-157 ) manufactures, etc.,
157 ; communications, trade, 157 ;
revenue, etc., 157; administration, 157,
158 ; climate, etc.
Akyab, town, seaport, and head-quarters
of a District in Burma, i. 158-160 ;
history, 158, 159 ; public buildings,
159 ; commerce and trade, 159, 160 ;
population, 160.
Akyaw, revenue circle in Burma, i. 160.
Al, a scarlet dye. See Dyes.
Alabakhshpur, town in Bengal, i. 161.
Alabaster, lsir.,'I'heWheel of Lain, quoted,
article ' India,' vi. 137 (footnote).
INDEX.
Alaf Khan. General of Ala-ud-din, de-
stroyed the Rajput dynasty of Gujarat,
iii. 36.
Alagar, range of hills in Madras, i. 161.
Alahyar-jo-Tando, town and tdhik in
Bombay, i. 161.
Alaiphur, trading village in Bengal, i. 161.
Alaknanda, river in N.-W. Provinces,
i. 161, 162.
Alambadai, town in Madras, i. 162.
Alamdanga, trading village in Bengal,
i. 161.
Alamgir II., the last real Mughal Em-
peror, iv. 193.
Alamgir Hill, peak in Orissa, i. 162.
Alamgirnagar, ancient fort in Bengal, i.
162.
Alamnagar, village in Bengal, i. 162.
Alamnagar, /rtr§a«if in Oudh, i. 162, 163.
Alamnagar-Thomsonganj, town in Oudh,
i. 163.
Alamparai, village in Madras, i. 163.
Alampur, petty State in Bombay, i. 163.
Alampur, pargana in Central India, i. 163.
Alam Shah, Emperor, visited Budaun,
and after his deposition by Bahlol
Lodi, retired and died there, iii. 1 17.
Alandi, town in Bombay, i. 163, 164.
Alapur, town in N.-W. Provinces, i. 164.
Ala Singh, founder of the dynasty of
Patiala, his history, xi. 88 ; his struggles
with the Bhatti chieftains, xiii. II.
Alattur, town in Madras, i. 164.
Ala-ud-din, the second King of the Khilji
dynasty (1295-1315), article 'India,'
vi. 281 ; his invasion and concjuest of
Southern India, 281, 282 ; massacre of
Mughal settlers, 282 ; Hindu revolts,
282. Local notices — Murdered his
uncle. Sultan Firoz Shah, at Karra,
i. 187, viii. 48 ; his invasions of the
Deccan, iii. 143, iv. 165, v. 261 ; took
Daulatabad, then known as Deogiri,
iv. 159 ; twice repulsed Mughals from
Delhi, iv. 192 ; visited EUora, and
reported to have carried off Hindu
princess, iv. 349 ; twice took and
sacked Jaisalmer, vii. 67 ; conquered
Malwa, ix. 267 ; took Ranthambor,
xi. 511 ; took Chittor, xiii. 403 ; took
Ujjain, xiii. 417 ; invaded Telingana,
xiii. 521.
Ala-ud-din Hasan Shah Ganga Bahmani,
founded the Bahmani dynasty at Kul-
barga, viii. 332.
Ala-ud-din Husain Shah, first successful
Muhammadan invader of Kamrup, vii.
357-
Ala-ud-din Ghon, expelled the Bhars from
Sultanpur, xiii. 97 ; story of its cap-
ture, xiii. 104.
Ala-ud-din Muhammad, Sultan of Khaw-
rism, took Kandahar, vii. 392.
Alaungpaya (Alompra), conquered the
Talaings of Pegu, iii. 176 ; drove the
Peguans out of Upper Burma, and
founded a dynasty, iii. 221, 222 ; con-
quered Hanthawadi, v. 313 ; founded
Kan-aung, vii. 388 ; conquered Tenas-
serim, ix. 408 ; his conquest and de-
struction of Pegu, xi. 127 ; his history,
xi. 229 ; rebuilt Dagon and called it
Rangoon, xi. 428 ; coated the Shwe-
san-daw pagoda with gold, xii. 439 ;
murdered Mgr. G. M. Percoto, Bishop
of Massuhs, xiii. 158 ; conquered
Tavoy, xiii. 229 ; took Tenasserim,
xiii. 240 ; conquered and deported the
Yun or Rwun Shans, xiii. 557.
Alaut, /ar^i2«a in Central India, i. 164.
Alawakhawa, fair in Bengal, i. 164.
Alawalpur, town in Punjab, i. 164.
Alay Khyoung, revenue circle in Burma,
i. 164.
Alay-Kywon, revenue circle in Burma,
i. 164.
Al Biruni, Arab geographer {circ. looo
A.D.), mentions Khandwa, viii. 162 ;
quoted, on the Maldive Islands, ix.
250 ; on the failure of the Hindus to
take Lahore, xi. 261.
Albuquerque, Alfonso de, second Viceroy
of Portuguese India (1509), article
' India,' vi. 359 ; his capture of Goa,
and death there, 359 ; his policy to-
wards the natives, 359, 360. Local
notices — Attacked Aden, i. 16 ; burnt
Calicut, and was then defeated, iii. 269;
succoured Raja of Cochin, and built
first European fort there, iv. II, 12;
maintained village system in Goa, v.
92 ; his occupation and reconquest of
Goa, V. 100 ; his statue at Goa, v. 109 ;
landed at Perim, and called at Vera
Cruz, xi. 137.
Albuquerque, John de, first Bishop of
Goa (1539-53), vi. 244.
Aldeman, pargana in Oudh, i. 164, 165.
Aldercom, Colonel, attacked Wandewash,
xiii. 517.
Alengad, tdhik in Madras, i. 164, 165.
Alexander the Great, his expedition to
India, and campaigns in the Punjab
and Sind (327-325 B.C.), article 'India,'
vi. 163-166; in Afghanistan, i. 48;
march through Baluchistan, ii. 28 ; the
Sakse, now Brahuis, in his army, iii.
98 ; coins found at Bulandshahr, iii.
141 ; battle with Porus at Chilianwala,
iii. 415 ; spent three days at Taxila,
iv. 270; Niksea identified with Mong,
v. 189, ix. 478 ; founded Bucephala,
identified with Jalalpur, vii. 81 ;
crossed the Hydaspes, or Jehlam, at
Jalalpur, vii. 166 ; took Sangala, iden-
tified with Sanglawala Tiba, vii. 20,
10
INDEX.
xii. 214 ; supposed to have built Kan-
dahar, vii. 391 ; knew the Koii as
Lonibare, the chief mouth of the Indus,
viii. 298 ; took MuUan, then capital of
the Malli, x. 3 ; campaign in the Pun-
jab, xi. 259, 260 ; in Rawal Pindi, xii.
23 ; remains of his fort at Sehwan,
xii. 306 ; took a fort of the Malli iden-
tified with Shorkot, xii. 424 ; the port
at which his admiral stopped identified
with Sonmiani, xiii. 61 ; took Talamba,
a town of the Malli, xiii. 163.
Alexandria, the modern Uchh in the
Punjab, founded by Alexander, vi. 166,
xiii. 400.
Alfred the Great's Mission to India
(883), vi. 239.
Alguada, dangerous reef in Bay of Ben-
gal, i. 165.
Aliabad, village in Oudh, i. 165.
All Adil Shah, king of Bijapur (lS57-
79), husband of Cliand Bibi, built
much at Bijapur, one of the victors at
Talikot, ii. 424 ; annexed Uharwar, iv.
259, 266 ; besieged Goa, but repulsed,
V. loi ; strengthened Naldiiig fort, x.
183, 184.
Alibagh, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, i. 165, 166.
All Bahadur, grandson of Peshwa, Baji
Rao I., establislied his authority in
Bundelkhand, iii. 155 ; died at siege
of Kalinjar, vii. 332.
All Bahadur, grandson of the ruler of
Bundelkhand, participated in the
Mutiny and deported, iii. 156.
AH Bandar, town in Bombay, i. 166.
Aliganj, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, i. 166, 167.
Aliganj, village in Oudh, i. 167.
Aliganj Sewan, town in Bengal, i. 167.
Aligarh, District in N.-W. Provinces, i.
167-177; physical aspects, 167-169 ;
history, 169-171 ; population, 171-173 ;
agriculture, 173, 174 ; natural calami-
ties, 174 ; commerce and trade, 174-
176; administration, 176, 177 ; medical
aspects, 177.
Aligarh, town and tahsil \n N.-W. Pro-
vinces, i. 178, 179 ; where Lord Lake
defeated the Marathas, article ' India,'
vi. 398.
Aligarh, village in N.-W. Provinces, i.
179.
Aligarh, site of small fort near Calcutta,
Aligaum, town in Bombay, i. 179.
Ali Khan, Pathan chief of Utraula, his-
tory of, xiii. 156, 157.
Ali Mardan Khan, engineer of Shah
Jahan, laid out the Shalimar Gardens
at Baghbanpur, i. 416, xii. 374 ; made
the Hash Canal, ii. 153, v. 344, 345 ;
made branch from Jumna Canal to
bring water to Delhi, vii. 259 ; said to
have built the Char Chata at Kabul,
vii. 269 ; planned and partly carried
out the Eastern Jumna Canal, xii.
1 19 ; built the Badshah Mahal in
Saharanpur, xii. 116; his canal in
vSialkot, xii. 441.
Ali Muhammad, Rohilla chief, died and
was buried at Aonla, i. 296 ; his his-
tory, xi. 456.
Ali Murad Talpur, Mir, allowed to retain
part of Shikarpur, but condemned for
forgery, and deprived of some of his
territory, xii. 391.
Alipur, Sub-division in Bengal, i. 179.
Alipur, residence of Lieutenant-Governor
of Bengal, i. 179, 180.
Alipur, village and iahsil in Punjab, i.
180.
Alipur, village in Central Provinces, i.
180, 181.
Alipur. See Akalgarh.
AHpura, town and Native State in N.-W.
Provinces, i. 181.
Ali-Rajpur, town and Native State in
Bombay, i. 181, 182.
Ali Vardi Khan, Nawab of Bengal (1740-
56) ; construction of the Maratha ditch
around Calcutta as a protection against
the Marathas, article ' India,' vi. 381.
Local notices — Defeated Sarfaraz Khan
at Gheria and Marathas at Katwa, viii.
102 ; first extracted money revenue
from Laur, viii. 468, xiii. 146 ; his
capital at Murshidabad, x. 23 ; trick
played on him by Siraj-ud-daula, x. 36 ;
his tomb at Murshidabad, x. 38.
Aliwal, village in Punjab, i. 182; battle
of, in the first Sikh war, article ' India,'
vi. 411.
Aliyar, river in Madras, i. 182.
Allahabad, Division in N.-W. Provinces,
i. 182, 183.
Allahabad, District in N.-W. Provinces,
i. 183-194; physical aspects, 183-186;
history, 186-188 ; population, 188-189 ;
agriculture, 189-191 ; natural calami-
ties, 191 ; commerce and trade, 192,
193 ; administration, 193, 194 ; sani-
tary aspects, 194.
Allahabad, iaksll in N.-W. Provinces,
i. 194.
Allahabad, city in N.-W. Provinces, i.
195-199; population, 195; history,
195-199.
Allahabad and Kora made over to the
Mughal Emperor by Clive, article
' India,' vi. 387 and footnote ; their
resumption by Hastings and sale to
the Wazir of Oudh, 389, 390.
Allah Band, long bank of earth in Bom-
bay, i. 199.
INDEX.
II
AllahganJ, town in N. -W. Provinces, i.
199.
Allan, Major, quoted on the Arakan Yonia
Mountains, xiii. 277-
Allan-myo, frontier town in Lower
Burma, i. 199, 200.
Alleppi, town and port in Madras, i.
200.
Allur, town in Madras, i. 200, 201.
Allur cum Kottapatnam, village in
Madras, i. 201.
Alluvion and diluvion, special instances
of, including changes in the banks of
rivers : Aligarh, i. 169 ; Amwa, i. 267 ;
Assam, i. 346; Baghar, i. 415; Bah-
raich, i. 425, 426; Bakarganj, i. 441 ;
Balasor, ii. 3, 4, 5 ; the Baleswar, ii.
12; Ballia, ii. 18; Bannu, ii. 89;
Bardwan, ii, 126 ; Bareilly, ii. 138 ;
the Barnadi, ii. 157; Bengal, ii, 271,
272, 273 ; Bhagalpur, ii. 343, 344 ;
the Bhagirathi, ii. 353 ; Bhagwangola,
ii- 355; Bilu-Gywon, ii. 460; Bogra,
iii. 25 ; Bombay, iii. 44 ; Brahraana-
bad, iii. 91 ; the Brahmaputra, iii. 95 ;
Budaun, iii. 116; Bulandshahr, iii.
132 ; Calcutta, iii. 246, 247 ; Cambay,
iii. 274; Chapra, iii. 370; the Chenab,
iii. 380 ; the Chilka Lake, iii. 415-41 7 ;
Chitlagong, iii. 433, 445 ; Churaman,
iii. 460 ; Coconada, iii. 472 ; Colgong,
iv. 23 ; Coringa, iv. 42 ; Cutch, iv. 59,
60; Cuttack,iv. 65-67 ; Dacca, iv. 79;
Dakshin Shahbazpur, iv. 96 ; the
Damodar, iv. 107-109; Dareh-bauk,
iv. 128; Darehbyii, iv. 128; Delhi,
iv. 178 ; Dera Ghazi Khan, iv. 209 ;
Dera Ismail Khan, iv. 219 ; Dera
Nanak, iv. 228 ; the Dhanauti, iv.
243; Dinajpur, iv. 290, 291 ; Dipal-
pur, iv. 304 ; Faridpur, iv. 394, 395 ;
Firozpur, iv. 438, 439 ; the Ganges,
iv. 472 ; Ghazipur, v. 62 ; the Girwa,
v. 87 ; Goa, v. 105 ; Goalpara, v. 112 ;
the Godavari, v. 123 ; the Gogra, v.
139; Gurdaspur, v. 207; Haiatpur, v.
239 ; Hala, v. 294 ; the Hugh, v. 467-
488 ; Hugh District, v. 490 ; the
Indus, vii. 14; the Irawadi, vii. 21;
Jalandhar, vii. 84; the Jamuna, vii. 135;
Jessor, vii. 183, 184 ; the Kalang, vii.
323 ; Kamriip, vii. 355 ; Karachi, vii.
444 ; Karnal, viii. 19 ; Kasimbazar,
viii. 81 ; Kayal, viii. 107 ; Kheri, viii.
189 ; Khulna, viii. 205, 206 ; Khushab,
viii. 213 ; Kolkai, viii. 286 ; the Kusi,
viii. 379, 380 ; Lahore, viii. 404 ; Lud-
hiana, viii. 519; the Mahanadi, ix.
163 ; the Mahananda, ix. 164 ; Mai-
mansingh, ix. 191 ; Maldah, ix. 240;
the Matabhanga, ix. 358, 359 ; Meerut,
ix. 382 ; the Meghna, ix. 395 ; Mid-
pur, ix. 425 ; Mithankot, ix. 467 ;
Montgomery, ix. 493 ; Murshidabad,
x. 21 ; Muzaffarnagar, x. 66; Nadiya,
X. 128, 129 ; Noakhali, x. 339, 340 ;
Orissa, x. 428 ; Oudh, x. 48 1 ; Pabna,
X. 511 ; Plassey, xi. 194; Purniah, xi.
322, 331, 332 ; Purushottapur, x. 332;
Rajmahal, xi. 390 ; the Western Ram-
ganga, xi. 446 ; Rangpur, xi. 488, 489 ;
the Rapti, xi. 522 ; the Ravi, xii. 15 ;
Saharanpur, xii. 121 ; Salem, xii. 15 1 ;
Sandwip Island, xii. 209, 210; Saran,
xii. 252 ; Shahbandur, xii. 340 ; Shah-
jahanpur, xii. 343 ; the Shwe-le, xii.
436 ; Sibsagar, xii. 460 ; Sind, xii.
504 ; Singraur, xii. 542 ; Sirajganj,
xii. 547 ; Sirsa, xiii. 10 ; the Son, xiii.
53, 54 ; Sriharikot, xiii. 75 ; the Suh-
arnarekha, xiii. 85 ; Sultanpur (Ballia),
xiii. 106 ; the Sundarbans, xiii. loS ;
Siiti, xiii. 140 ; the Swat, xiii. 142 ;
Sylhet, xiii. 144, 145 ; Tambaur, xiii.
169 ; Tamluk, xiii. 171, 172 ; Tandan,
xiii. 175; the Tapti, xiii. 203, 204;
Thayet-myo, xiii. 277, 278 ; Thon-gwa,
xiii. 288; Tipperah, xiii. 313 ; Twan-
te, xiii. 386 ; Twenty-four Parganas,
xiii. 3S7, 3S8 ; Udhanala, xiii. 415 ;
the Wan, xiii. 517 ; the Za-zun, xiii.
560.
Al Mas'udi, Arab geographer (loth cen-
tury), mentions caves of Ellora, iv.
349 ; on Miiltan, x. 2 ; mentions
Chitakul, xii. 92.
Almeida, Franciscode, Viceroy of Portu-
guese India (1505), article ' India,' vi.
359 ; at Cochin, iv. 12.
Almodh, chiefship in Central Provinces,
i. 201.
Almond trees in the Andaman Islands,
i. 282 ; Baluchistan, li. 36 ; Mehar, ix.
396 ; Safed Koh Mountains, xii. 99.
Almora, town in N. -W. Provinces, i.
201.
Alompra. See Aloungpaya.
Alum, found in Anantapur, i. 274 ; Balu-
chistan, ii. 36 ; Bannu, ii. 90 ; Bellary,
ii. 241 ; Cutch, iv. 60 ; Dera Ghazi
Khan, iv. 210 ; Dera Ismail Khan, iv.
220; Kalabagh, vii. 313; Larkhana,
viii. 463 ; Maidani Hills, ix. 188 ;
Mehar, ix. 396 ; Rajputana, xi. 401 ;
Shahabad, xii. 324 ; Travancore, xiii.
345-
Alphabets of Ancient India, article
' India,' vi. 102, 103.
Altamsh, 3rd monarch of the Slave
dynasty (1211-36), invasion by the
Mughals, article 'India,' vi. 279;
enlarged mosque of Kutab-ud-din at
Delhi, iv. 191 ; took Gwalior, v. 236.
Alur, village in Mysore, i. 201.
Alur, town and tdltik in Madras, i.
202.
12
INDEX.
Alva, Count de, killed in battle with the
Marathas, v. 104.
Alvarkurichchi, town in Madras, i. 202.
Alves, Colonel, Agent to the Governor-
General in Rajputana, wounded in a
riot at Jaipur, vii. 57.
Aiwa, petty State in Bombay, i. 202.
Alwar, State in Rajputana, i. 202-206 ;
population, 202, 203 ; hills and streams,
203 ; history, 203-205 ; crops, 205 ;
commerce, trade, manufactures, etc.,
205, 206 ; revenue, 206.
Alwar, capital of State in Rajputana,
i. 206, 207.
Alwaye, town in Madras, i. 207.
Alwaye, river in Madras, i. 207.
Amala, Dang State in Bombay, i. 207.
Amalapi'iram, town and taluk in Madras,
i. 207, 208.
Amalner, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, i. 208.
Amalyara, petty State in Bombay, i. 208,
209.
Amalyara, town in Bombay, i. 209.
A man, or winter rice crop. See Rice
cultivation.
Amanat, feeder of North Keel river,
Bengal, i. 209.
Amaniganj, market village in Oudh,
i. 209.
Amaniganj-hat, silk mart in Bengal,
i. 209.
Amapur, trading town in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, i. 209.
Amarapura, town in Burma, i. 209, 210.
Amarapuram. See Amrapur.
Amarkantak, hill in Baghelkhand, i. 210.
Amarnath, village in Bombay, i. 210,
211.
Amarnath, cave in Punjab, i. 211.
Amar Singh Thappa, Gurkha General,
surrendered to General Ochterlony at
Malaun, ix. 237 ; his death, x. 289.
Amarwara, village in Central Provinces,
i. 211.
Amatti, town in Coorg, i. 211.
Amb, estate in Punjab, i. 211.
Ambad, town and taluk in Nizam's
Dominions, i. 212.
Ambagarh Chauki, chiefship in Central
Provinces, i. 212.
Ambahta, town in N.-W. Provinces,
i. 213.
Ambaji-durga, hill in Mysore, i. 213.
Ambajipetta. See Machavaram.
Ambala, Division in Punjab, i. 213.
Ambala, District in Punjab, i. 213-224;
physical aspects, 213-215; history,
215-217; population, 217-220; agri-
culture, 220-222 ; natural calamities,
222; commerce and trade, etc., 222,
223 ; administration, 223 ; sanitary
aspects, 224.
Ambala, iahsil in Punjab, 224.
Ambala, city and cantonment in Punjab,
224-226 ; history, 224, 225 ; water-
supply, 225 ; population, 226 ; grand
darhdr there, article ' India,' vi. 425.
Ambalapulai, taluk in Madras, i. 226.
Ambapeta, estate in Madras, i. 226.
Ambarnath. See Amarnath.
Ambasamudram, town and taluk in
Madras, i. 226.
Ambatmiiri, pass in Madras, i. 126.
Ambela, mountain pass in Punjab, i.
226-228.
Amber, historic capital in Rajputana, i.
228, 229.
Ambergris, found in Nicobar Islands,
X. 297.
Amber mines in Upper Burma, iii. 211.
Ambgaon, pargand in Central Provinces,
i. 229.
Ambika, river in Bombay, i. 229.
Amboyna, massacre of, article ' India,'
vi. 362, 368, 561.
Ambulupali, town in Madras, i. 230.
Ambur, town in Madras, i. 230.
Ambiirpet, town in Madras, i. 230.
Ambr. See Amber.
American Missions. See Missions.
Amet, town in Rajputana, i. 230.
Amethi, village in N.-W. Provinces,
i. 230, 231.
Amethi, pargand in Oudh, i. 231.
Amethi Dungar, town in Oudh, i. 231.
Amgaon, estate and village in Central
Provinces, i. 231, 232.
Amherst, Lord, Governor-General of
India (1823-28), first Burmese war,
capture of Bhartpur, article ' India,'
vi. 403, 404 ; first spent summer at
Simla, xii. 496.
Amherst, District in Burma, i. 232-243 ;
physical aspects, 232-235 ; geological
formation, 235 ; history, 235, 236 ;
antiquities, 236, 237 ; population, 237,
238; agriculture, etc., 239, 240; manu-
factures, etc., 241 ; administration,
241, 243; climate, etc., 243.
Amherst, town in Burma, i. 243.
Ami, river in N.-W. Provinces, i. 243.
Amindivi Islands. See Laccadives.
Amingadh, town in Bombay, i. 244.
Amir Khan, Pindari leader (1817),
article ' India,' vi. 404. Local notices
— Invaded Rohilkhand, ii. 140 ; de-
feated by Colonel Skinner near Afzal-
garh, ii. 430 ; plundered Dhampur,
iv. 241 ; checked by Major Shepherd
at I rich, which he afterwards made his
head-quarters, vii. 24 ; ravaged Jaipur,
vii. 56 ; called in to intervene between
Jaipur and Jodhpur, vii. 242 ; defeated
a British force near Kiinch, viii. 363 ;
owned the state of Lawa, viii. 468 ;
INDEX.
13
sacked Mandawar, ix. 293 ; sacked
Najina, x. 160 ; his ravages in Raj-
putana, xi. 406 ; made Nawab of Tonk,
xi. 407, xiii. 337 ; Rampura granted
him, xi. 461 ; twice plundered Sagar,
xii. 108 ; was granted Sironj by Holkar,
xiii. 7, 8 ; plundered Thakurdwara,
xiii. 246 ; his history, xiii. 337, 338 ;
ravaged Mewar or Udaipur, xiii. 407.
Amjad All Shah, 4th king of Oudh
(1841-47), built the iron bridge across
the Gumti at Lucknow, viii. 510.
Amjhera, pargand in Central India, i.
244.
Amliyara. See Amalyara.
Ammapet, town in Madras, i. 244.
Ammayanayakanur, estate and village in
Madras, i. 244.
Amner, town and fort in Berar, i. 244,
245.
Amod, town and Sub-division in Bombay,
i. 245.
Amosi, town in Oudh, i. 245.
Ampta, village in Bengal, i. 245.
Amraoti, District in Berar, i. 245-250 ;
physical aspects, 246 ; history, 246,
247 ; population, 247 ; agriculture,
247, 248 ; land tenures, 248 ; natural
calamities, 248 ; manufactures, 248 ;
trade, 248, 249 ; roads and railways,
249 ; administration, 249 ; meteoro-
logical aspects, etc., 249, 250.
Amraoti, tahsil in Berar, i. 250.
Amraoti, town in Berar, i. 250, 251 ;
history, 250, 251 ; population, 251,
Amrapur. See Umrapur.
Amrapur, town in Madras, i. 251.
Amrapur, petty State in Bombay, i. 251.
Amravati, river in Madras, i. 252.
Amravati, town in Madras with ruined
temples, i. 252.
Amravati or Chatia Hill, tank and hill
in Bengal, i. 252, 253.
Amreli, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, i. 253.
Amri, village in Bombay, i. 253.
Amrita Bazar or Magura, village in
Bengal, i. 253.
Amrit Rao, son of Raghubai Peshwa,
lived at Tarahwan on a pension, xiii.
207.
Amritsar, Division in Punjab, i. 253, 254.
Amritsar, District in Punjab, i. 254-263 ;
pliysical aspects, 254-256 ; history,
256, 257; population, 257-259; agri-
culture, 259-261 ; natural calamities,
261 ; commerce and trade, etc., 261,
262 ; administration, 262, 263 ; sani-
tary aspects, 263.
Amritsar, tahsil in Punjab, i. 263.
Amritsar, city in Punjab, i. 263-266 ;
history, 263-265 ; commerce and trade,
265 ; population, 266.
Amroha, historic town and (ahsil in
N.-W. Provinces, i. 266.
Amsin, town and pargand in Oudh,
i. 266, 267.
Amura Bhauriari, village in Bengal, i.
267.
Amurnath, cave in Punjab, i. 267. See
Amarnath.
Amwa, village in N.-W. Provinces, i.
267.
Amyatt, Mr., murdered near Kasimbazar,
xi. 95.
An, or Aeng, pass over the Arakan Yoma
Mountains in Burma, vi. 6.
An, or Aeng, river in Burma, i. 267.
An, or Aeng, town and township in
Burma, i. 267, 268.
Anagundi, capital of the Narapathi
dynasty of Southern India in the 14th
centuiy. See Vijayanagar.
Anahadgarh, town in Punjab, i. 268
Anaimiidi, plateau in Madras, i. 268.
Anakapalle, estate, town, and tdhik in
Madras, i. 268, 269.
Analysis of the Constitzition of the East
India Coinpaiiy, by P. Auber, quoted,
article ' India,' vi. 364, 365 (foot-
notes).
Analysis of Indian foreign import and
export trade, principal staples, article
' India,' vi. 565-581.
Anamalai, range of hills in Madras, i.
269-271.
Anamalai, town in Madras, i. 271.
Anamasamudrampet, village in Madras,
i. 271, 272.
Anand, town and Sub-division in Bombay,
i. 272.
Anandapur, Christian village in Coorg, i.
272.
Ananda Raz Gajapati, Raja of Viziana-
gram (1757), surrendered the Northern
Circars to the Company, iii. 469 ;
accompanied Col. Forde in his march
on Masulipatam, xiii. 500.
Anandpur, petty State in Kathiawar, i.
272.
Anandpur, town in Punjab, i. 272, 273.
Anandpur, village in Bengal, i. 273.
Anand Rao Paur, received grant of State
ofDharfrom Baji Rao Peshwa, iv. 247.
Anang Bhim Deo, king of Orissa (1174-
1205), built temple of Jagannath at
Puri, x. 441, 442.
Anang Pal, made Delhi capital of the
Tuar Rajas {circa 736), iv. 190.
Anang Pal 11., a second time made Delhi
capital of the Tuar Rajas on being
driven from Kanauj (1052), iv. 190.
Anang Pal ill., last Tuar Raja, driven
from Delhi by the Chauhans of Ajmere
(1 154), iv. 190.
Anantagiri, village in Madras, i. 273.
14
INDEX.
Anantapur, ancient town in IMysore, i.
273-^
Anantapur, District in Madras, i. 273-
279 ; physical aspects, 273, 374 ; his-
tory, 274, 275 ; population, 275, 276 ;
agriculture, 276, 277 ; natural calami-
ties, 277, 278 ; commerce and trade,
278 ; administration, 278, 279 ; medical
aspects, 279.
Anantapur, tahik in Madras, i. 279, 2S0.
Anantapur, town in Madras, i. 280.
Anawrata, Emperor of Pagan, destroyed
the Talaings in the nth century, iii.
174 ; conquered Hanthawadi, v. 313.
Anchittai-durgam, hill fort in Madras, i.
281.
Ancient capitals: Chandravati, near Mount
Abu, i. 8 ; Ahar, i. 81 ; Ajodhya, i. 134,
135 ; Amber, i. 228, 229 ; Anagundi, i.
268 ; Aror, i. 332 ; Asarur, i. 337 ;
Bidar, ii. 419 ; Bijapur, ii. 423-425 ;
Bin'idankarayapuram, iii. 13 ; Brah-
manabad, iii. 91 ; Champaner, iii. 333;
Combaconum, iv. 24 ; Conjevaram, iv.
26; Dacca, iv. 89-92 ; Daulatabad, iv.
158-160; Dausa, iv. 161 ; Delhi, iv.
1 89 ; Deogarh, iv. 202 ; Deolia, iv.
204 ; Dimapur, iv. 289, 290 ; Dipalpur,
iv. 303, 304 ; Dunwon, iv. 325 ; Ellich-
pur, iv. 347, 348 ; Fatehpur Sikri, iv.
433-435 ; Garha, v. 12 ; Garhgaon, v.
14, 15 ; Gauhati, v. 34, 35 ; Gaur, v. 35-
41 ; Golconda, v. 143, 144 ; Goraghat,
v. 163 ; Halebid, v. 295 ; Hampi, v.
306-308 ; Hastinapur, v. 352 ; Humcha,
V. 501, 502 ; Ikkeri, v. 508 ; Jaunpur,
vii. 159, 160; Kalingapatam, vii. 330;
Kanauj, vii. 386, 387 ; Karur, viii. 51,
52 ; Kasipur, viii. 82 ; Khajurahu, viii.
140, 141 ; Lahore, viii. 415 ; Madura,
ix. 133-135 ; Maibang, ix. 187, 188;
Mandawar, ix. 292, 293 ; Mandogarh,
ix. 308, 309 ; Mandor, ix. 309 ;
Martaban, ix. 349, 350 ; Mro-haung,
ix. 523, 524 ; Murshidabad, x. 31-39 ;
Nadiya, x. 141, 142; Nagar, x. 155;
Nagar (Bednur), x. 155 ; Old Udaipur,
X. 422 ; Paithan, x. 530, 531 ; Panduah
(Hugh), xi. 39 ; Panduah (Maldah),
xi. 39-42 ; Parenda, xi. 62 ; Anhilwara
Patan, xi. 82 ; Pegu, xi. 125-128 ;
Rajagriha, xi. 380, 381 ; Rajamahendri,
xi. 382, 383 ; Rajmahal, xi. 390 ;
Ramnagar, xi. 453 ; Rangpur, xi. 501,
502 ; Sabhar, xii. 88 ; Sahet Mahet,
xii. 126 ; Sankisa, xii. 223, 224 ;
Seringapatam, xii. 318-320; Simraon,
xii. 501, 502 ; Sitpur, xiii. 39 ; Sonar-
gaon, xiii. 59; Sopara, xiii. 65; Talkad,
xiii. 167, 168; Tamk'ik, xiii. 171-173;
Tandan, xiii. 175, 176 ; Tanjore, xiii.
194-196 ; Thana, xiii. 258, 259 ; Tha-
tun, xiii. 275 ; Udayagiri (Madras),
xiii. 415 ; Ujjain, xiii. 417, 418 ;
Umattur, xiii. 421 ; Vijayanagar, xiii.
473 ; Wala, xiii. 514; Warangal, xiii.
521 ; Ya-theth-myo, xiii. 549.
Ancient India as described by l\Iegas-
theiics and Arrian, by Mr. J. M'Crin-
dle, quoted, article 'India,' vi. 168
(footnote I ), 356 (footnote).
Ancient kingdoms : Andhra, i. 287 ;
Chera, iii. 390, 391 ; Chola, iii. 455,
456 ; Kalinga, vii. 328-330 ; Kanauj,
vii. 386, 387 ; Maharashtra, ix. 166-
168 ; Pandya, xi. 42 ; Tuluva, xiii.
375 ; Vijayanagar, xiii. 473 ; Walabhi,
xiii. 514.
Ancient land system of India, vi. 438.
Ancient mingling of castes, vi. 195, 196.
Ancient stone circles. See Stone monu-
ments, Ancient.
Andaman Islands, in Bay of Bengal, i.
281-287 ; physical aspects, 282, 283 ;
history, 283, 284 ; population, 284,
285 ; agriculture, 285, 286 ; medical
aspects, etc., 286, 287 ; assassination
of Lord Mayo at Port Blair, vi. 425.
Andaman Islanders, The, article ' India,'
^^- 55- ,
Andar, ghat or pass in Madras, i. 287.
Andaw, pagoda in Burma, i. 287.
Anderson, Col., connected the Sutlej and
and Upper Sohag Canal, xiii. 46.
Anderson, Dr., member of commission to
open trade route through Burma, iii.
228.
Anderson, Lieut., murdered at Multan,
obelisk to, x. 12.
Andhargaon, town in Central Provinces,
i. 287.
Andhra, ancient kingdom in S. India, i.
287.
Andhra, estate in Madras, i. 287.
Andhs, aboriginal tribe in Berar, xiii.
541-
Andipatti, range of hills in Madras, i.
287, 28S.
Andipatti, town in Madras, i. 288.
Andiyur, town in Madras, i. 288.
Andra. See Andhra.
Anecdoia Oxoncnsia, Aryan series, vi.
102 and footnote.
Anechankur, toll station in Coorg, i. 288.
Anekal, town and tdink in Mysore, i. 288.
Angadipuram, town in Madras, i. 288, 289.
Angarbari, detached peak in Bengal, i.
289.
Anghad, petty State in Bombay, i. 289.
Angrezabad. See English Bazar.
Angria, Maratha pirate dynasty, strong-
holds stormed by Clive and Watson
(1756), iii. 38; took Jaigarh (1713),
vii. 46 ; in Kolaba, viii. 263, 264 ;
ravages on the Malabar coast, ix. 221 ;
held Rajapur, xi. 385 ; their history in
INDEX.
Ralnagiri, xii. 6 ; their capital Vizia-
drug, xiii. 499.
Angul, Goverament estate in Orissa, i.
289, 290.
Angul, village in Orissa, i. 290.
Anhilvvara dynasty, Rajput (746-1300),
Broach, a flourishing port under, iii.
"3- , . .
Anicuts or Dams, on the Amravati, 1.
252 ; at Bezwada, ii. 336 ; at Bukkach-
erla, iii. 129 ; on the Cauvery, iii. 277,
279 ; on the Coleroon, iv. 22 ; Cortel-
liar, iv. 43 ; Adniamayapalli in Cudda-
pah, iv. 53, 54 ; Dowlaishvaram, iv.
316; on the Godavari, v. 53; on the
Honnuhole, v. 441 ; Kampli, vii.
354 ; at Sunkesala in Karnul, viii.
34 ; on the Kistna at Bezwada, viii.
237 ; in the Madras Presidency, ix.
41, 42, 43; Nellore, x. 261, 267;
on the Noyil, x. 416 ; on the Palar,
X. 541 ; on the Penner, xi. 133, 134;
on the Poini, xi. 194 ; Sangam (under
construction), xii. 214, 215 ; at Dehri-
on-Son in Shahabad, xii. 325 ; across
the Shamsha near Maddur, xii. 376 ;
across the Sharadanadi, xii. 376 ;
across the Sharavati, xii. 377 ; the
Dehri, xiii. 54, 55 ; the Srivaikantham,
xiii. 170, 171 ; in Tanjore, xiii. 189,
190 ; in Tenkasi, xiii. 241 ; across the
Tungabhadra, xiii. 383 ; across the
Varada, xiii. 463 ; across the Vara-
hanadi, xiii. 464 ; Vellar, xiii. 467 ;
across the Yagachi, xiii. 547 ; Yelan-
dur, xiii. 552.
Animals, wild and domestic, article
' India,' vi. 652-659. Local notices —
See section Physical Aspects under each
District article, and especially Afghan-
istan, i. 36, 37 ; Bhutan, ii. 414 ; Bom-
bay, iii. 45, 46 ; Upper Burma, iii. 212 ;
Kashmir, viii. 68 ; Madras, ix. 88-91 ;
Nepal, X. 277, 278 ; Oudh, x. 483 ;
Punjab, xi. 259 ; Sind, xii. 507. — For
special notices, see also Antelopes,
Asses (wild). Bears, Bison, Buffaloes,
Camels, Cattle, Cheetahs or Hunting
Leopards, Deer, Dogs, Elephants,
Foxes, Gazelles, Goats, Hogs (wild).
Horses, Hyaenas, Ibex, Leopards,
Lions, Miihiin or Wild Cows, Nilgai or
Blue Cows, Otters, Ponies, Porcupines,
Rats, Rhinoceros, Sheep, Tigers,
Wolves, and Yaks.
Animals, hospitals for — Panjrdpols — a
surival of the Buddhistic tenderness for
animals, article ' India,' vi. 159. Local
notices — Ahmadabad, i. 97 ; Broach,
iii. 105 ; Sural, xiii. 134, 135.
Aniseed, found in Maler Kotla, ix. 255.
Anjangaon, town in Berar, i. 290.
Anjangaon Bari, town in Berar, i. 290.
Anjanwel, seaport in B imbay, i. 290.
Anjar, town in Bombay, i. 290, 291.
Anjengo, town in Madras, i. 291, 292.
Anji, town in Central Provinces, i. 292.
Anjinad, tract in Madras, i. 292.
Anjnas, cultivating race in Alahva, ix.
269.
Ankewallia, petty State in Kathiawar, i.
292.
Ankleswar,town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, i. 292.
Ankola, Sub-division in Bombay, i. 293.
Ankola, town and seaport in Bombay, i.
293-
Annals and Antiquities of Rdjasthdn.
See Tod, Col.
Annamarazpet, village in Madras, i.
293-
Annigeri, town in Bombay, i. 293.
Anta Dhura, pass in N.-W. Provinces, i.
293-
Antelope, or Black Buck, article ' India,'
vi. 657. Local notices — Ajmere, i.
119 ; Akola, i. 141 ; Allahabad, i. 185 ;
Amritsar, i. 255 ; Anantapur, i. 274 ;
Baluchistan, ii. 36 ; Banda, ii. 47 ;
Belgaum, ii. 232 ; Bellary, ii. 242 ;
Bombay Presidency, iii. 46 ; Broach,
iii. 102; Budaun, iii. 1 17; Buland-
shahr, iii. 132 ; Buldana, iii. 143 ;
Upper Burma, iii. 212; Cambay, iii.
271; Cawnpur, iii. 280; Chengalpat,
iii. 382 ; Coimbatore, iv. 15 ; Cudda-
pah, iv. 48 ; Dharwar, iv. 259 ; Faiza-
had, iv. 381 ; Fatehpur, iv. 423 ;
Firozpur, iv. 439 ; Gaya, v. 45 ; God-
avari, v. 123 ; Gonda, v. 147 ; Goona,
v. 159; Gwalior, v. 229; Hamirpur,
V. 298 ; Hardoi, v. 322 ; Hassan, v.
346 ; Himalaya Mountains, v. 409 ;
Hoshiarpur, v. 452 ; Jalandhar, vii.
85 ; Jalpaiguri, vii. 109 ; Kadur, vii.
283 ; Kaira, vii. 300 ; Kaladgi, vii.
315 ; Karachi, vii. 445 ; Karnal, viii.
20; Karnul, viii. 35, 36; Kathiawar,
viii. 96 ; Khairpur, viii. 133 ; Khan-
desh, viii. 150; Kheri, viii. 190;
Kistna, viii. 226 ; Kotah, viii. 304 ;
Lahore, viii. 405 ; Lalitpur, viii. 447 ;
Larkhana, viii. 463 ; Lohardaga, viii.
477 ; Madras Presidency, ix. 91 ;
Mainpuri, ix. 203 ; Mallani, ix. 261 ;
Mirzapur, ix. 453 ; Montgomery, ix.
495 ; Nallamalai Hills, x. 185 ; Nasik,
x. 228 ; Nellore, x. 262 ; Oudh, x.
483 ; Poona, xi. 200 ; Punjab, xi, 259 ;
Purniah, xi. 323 ; Raipur, xi. 368 ;
Rampur, xi. 455 ; Ratnagiri, xii. 4 ;
.Saharanpur, xii. 115; Salem, xii. 152;
Shahjahanpur, xii. 344 ; Shahpur, xii.
361 ; Sialkot, xii. 441 ; Sind, xii. 507 ;
Sirsa, xiii. ID ; Sultanpur, xiii. 97 ;
Surat, xiii. 120; Wardha, xiii. 524.
i6
INDEX.
Anthracite coal, found in Rawal Pindi,
xii. 2.
Antimony, found in Afghanistan, i. 36,
37 ; Anantapur, i. 274 ; Baluchistan,
ii. 36 ; Bellary, ii. 241 ; Lower Burma,
iii. 201, 202; Upper Burma, iii. 211 ;
Hazaribagh, v. 379 ; Kangra, vii. 412 ;
Kulu, viii. 337 ; Lakhi Mountains,
viii. 424 ; Madras Presidency, ix. 6 ;
Bajaur, xi. 146 ; Sandur Hills, xii.
209 ; Shwe-gyin, xii. 430.
Antimony, sulphide of, found in Bala-
ghat, i. 454. ^
Antimony, sulphuret of, found in Bhagal-
pur, ii. 345. , , . o
Antiquarian remams; m Mount Abu, 1. 8;
Achala Basanta, i. 12 ; in Afghanistan,
i. 52, 53 ; in Afghan-Turkistan, i. 56 ;
at Ahar, i. 81 ; Ahmadabad, i. 97 ;
Ahmadgarh, i. 98; Ahobalam, i. no;
Ajaigarh, i. II2; Ajmere, i. 132;
Ajodhya, i. 134, 135 ; Akola, i. 141 ;
Allahabad, i. 196, 198 ; Amarnath, i.
210, 211 ; Amber, i. 228, 229 ; Amra-
vati, i. 252 ; Anamalai Hills, i. 270 ;
Araraj, i. 306 ; Asarur, i. 337 ; Assia,
i. 375 ; Atranji Khera, i. 379, 380 ;
Ava, i. 389 ; Azamgarh, i. 395 ; Bada-
mi, i. 407 ; Badrihat, i. 410 ; Bagher-
hat, i. 417 ; Bahraich, i. 427 ; Baidya-
nath, i. 436 ; Balihri, ii. 13 ; Balkh, ii.
14; Banda, ii. 55; Bannu, ii. 90;
Bara Banki, ii. 107 ; Barabar Hills,
ii. 115; Bareilly, ii. 141; Barkiir, ii.
156, 157; Bassein, ii. 191, 192; Bela-
gavi, ii. 230 ; Benares, ii. 266 ; Bez-
wada, ii. 336 ; Bhacheswar, ii. 340 ;
Bhagalpur, ii. 348 ; Bhainsror, ii. 356 ;
Bhandak, ii. 359 ; Bhera, ii. 386 ;
Bhilsa, ii. 393, 394; Bhuj, ii. 408;
Bilgram, ii. 455, 456 ; Bishnupur, iii.
17 ; Boram, iii. 88 ; Brahmanabad, iii.
91 ; Buddh Gaya, iii. 125-127 ; Buland-
shahr, iii. 141 ; Bundelkhand, iii. 154 ;
Burhanpur, iii. 164 ; Champaner, iii.
333; Champaran, iii. 334, 335, 340,
341 ; Chanda, iii. 352 ; Chandragiri,
iii. 363; Harchoka in Chang Bhakar,
iii. 367 ; Charsadda, iii. 373 ; Chaul,
iii- 376, 377 ; Chitor, iii. 431 ; Coorg,
iv- 35, 36 ; Dalmi, iv. 100 ; Udainagar,
near Darapur, iv. 122 ; Darauti, iv.
122; Tezpur, near Darrang, iv. 143;
Daulatabad, iv. 158; Debi Patan, iv.
164; Delhi, iv. 189; Dheri Shahan,
iv. 269, 270 ; Dimapur, iv. 289, 290 ;
Dipalpur, iv. 304 ; Elephanta, iv. 341 ;
Eran, iv. 354, 355 ; Farukhabad, iv.
410 ; Gaur, v. 38-40 ; Gaya, v. 47-49 ;
Ghazipur, v. 62, 63 ; Giriyak, v. 85 ;
Girnar, v. 85, 86 ; Gobardhan, v. 121 ;
Gujrat, V. 189; Gwalior, v. 234-236;
Halebid, v. 295 ; Hampi, v. 307, 308 ;
Harappa, v. 320; Hardwar, v. 331-
333 ; Harrand, v. 342 ; Hasan Abdal,
V. 342 ; Hassan, v. 346 ; Ikanua, v.
507 ; Jaintiapur, vii. 50 ; Jalalpur, vii.
81 ; Jaunpur, vii. 159, 160 ; in Jehlam,
vii. 169; Jerruck, vii. 182; Kachola,
vii. 278 ; Kafirkot, vii. 292 ; Kalinga-
patam, vii. 330; Kalinjar, vii. 333-337;
Kanarak, vii. 384, 385 ; Kanauj, vii.
387 ; Karakal, vii. 463 ; Karanja, vii.
467 ; Kasia, viii. 79 ; Katas, viii. 87 ;
Khajurahu, viii. 140, 141 ; Kora, viii.
295 ; Kudarkot, viii. 329 ; Lahore,
viii. 415; Mahabalipur, ix. 143-149;
Mahim, ix. 181 ; Mahoba, ix. 183 ;
Mandar Hill, ix. 292 ; Mandogarh, ix.
308, 309 ; Manikiala, ix. 319, 320 ;
Meerut, ix. 393 ; Mehkar, ix. 399 ;
Mergui, ix. 408 ; Munj, x. 15 ; Muttra,
^' 53> 54 ; Nadol, x. 142, 143 ; Palma,
xi. 14 ; Panduah, (Hugli), xi. 39 ;
Panduah (Maldah), xi. 39-42 ;
Anhilwara Patan, xi. 82 ; Patana, xi.
84 ; Pehoa, xi. 129 ; Penukonda, xi.
135 ; Rajagriha, xi. 380, 381 ; Rajma-
hal, xi. 390 ; Ramgarh Hill, xi. 447 ;
Rangamati, xi. 469 ; Rani-niir, xi. 507,
508 ; Tsandavolu in RepuUi, xii. 44 ;
in Rohri, xii. 64, 65 ; Rohtasgarh, xii.
78 ; Rupbas, xii. 83 ; Sahet Mahet or
Sravasti, xii. 1 26- 1 34 ; Sakraypatna,
xii. 148 ; Salsette, xii. 169 ; Sanchi,
xii. 194-196 ; in Sandoway, xii. 201 ;
Sangala, xii. 214 ; Sankisa, xii. 223,
224 ; Sarai Aghat, xii. 249 ; Sarnath,
xii. 269, 270; Sayyidpur (N.-W. P.),
xii. 300 ; Sewan, xii. 322 ; in Shaha-
bad, xii. 328 ; in Shahpur, xii. 361 ;
Shimoga, xii. 400 ; Shorkot, xii. 424 ;
Sialkot, xii. 451 ; Simraon, xii. 501,
502 ; Sindkher, xii. 527 ; in Singh-
bhiim, xii. 536 ; on the Singimari
River, xii. 541 ; Sivasamudram, xiii.
42 ; Somnath, xiii. 50 ; Sonargaon, xiii.
59 ; Sonpat, xiii. 62 ; Soron, xiii. 67 ;
Sumerpur, xiii. 107 ; Syriam, xiii. 158 ;
Talamba, xiii. 163 ; Talkad, xiii. 167 ;
Tamliik, xiii. 172 ; Tezpur, xiii. 244 ;
Than, xiii. 248, 249 ; Tharand Parkar,
xiii. 267 ; Tinnevelli, xiii. 305 ; Tiru-
murtikovil, xiii, 325 ; Tosham, xiii.
340 ; Uchh, xiii. 400 ; Ujjain, xiii.
417, 418; Ventipur, xiii. 471; Wala,
xiii. 514; Yusufzai, xiii. 558.
Antivilli, village in Bombay, i. 293.
Antora, seaport in Bombay, i. 293, 294.
Antravedi, shrine in Madras, i. 294.
Antri, pargand in Central India, i. 294.
Anumakonda, historic capital in Deccan,
i. 294. See Telingana.
Amipgarh, town in Rajputana, i. 294.
Anupshahr, town and tahsil in N.-W.
Provinces, i. 294,
INDEX.
17
Anwa, town in Nizam's Dominions, i.
295.
Anwar-ud-din, Nawab of Arcot, defeated
by Muzafilar Jang at Ambur, i. 230 ;
granted the Northern Circars, iii. 468.
Aonla, ancient town and tahsil'm. N.-W.
Provinces, i. 295, 296.
Aornos, Mount, mentioned by Arrian,
different identifications of, xi. 506.
Apa Sahib (Mahduji Bhonsla), Raja of
Nagpur, sent his ladies and jewels to
Bhandara, ii. 361 ; Sagarand Narbada
annexed on his deposition, iii. 302 ;
his history, x. 167 ; his attack on the
Resident at Nagpur, x. 167 ; his defeat
and deposition, x. 168.
Appecherla, town in Madras, i. 296.
Appekondu, village in Madras, i. 296.
Apples ; grown in Afghanistan, i. 38 ;
Baluchistan, ii. 36 ; Ghazni, v. 72 ;
Kalhatti, vii. 325 ; Kandahar, vii.
391 ; Kangra, vii. 412; Kashmir, viii.
71; Khairpur, viii. 136; Kumaun,
viii. 369 ; Manipur, ix. 331 ; Muzaf-
fargarh, x. 57 ; Mysore, x. 103 ;
Nilgiri Hills, x. 313 ; Peshawar, xi.
159 ; Shevaroy Hills, xii. 383 ; Sind,
xii. 520; Sukkur, xiii. 91.
Apricots, grown in Balkh, ii. 15 ; Balu-
chistan, ii. 36 ; Ghazni, v. 72 ; Gilghit,
v. 80 ; Kandahar, vii. 391 ; Kangra,
vii. 312 ; Kashmir, viii. 71 ; Khab,
viii. 122 ; Khabul, viii. 122; Kohat, viii.
242 ; Kulu, viii. 336, 338 ; Peshawar,
xi. 156 ; Sind, xii. 520.
Ar. See Ahar.
Arab expeditions to Bombay and Sind
(636-82S), vi. 268.
Arabs — in Aden, i. 18 ; their tribes near
Aden, i. 24 {see Abdalis, Akrabis,
Fadhlis) ; in Bombay Presidency, iii.
49 ; City, iii. 81 ; plundered Diu, 1670,
iv. 308 ; Haidarabad, v. 253 ; South
Kanara, vii. 379 ; their defence of
Malegaon, May 1818, ix. 254; their
colony and power at Rander, xi. 46S ;
Ratnagiri, xii. 7 ; their attack on
Songir, xiii. 61 ; Tinnevelli, xiii. 304.
See also Labbays.
Arachalur, village in Madras, i. 296.
Aragonda, village in Madras, i. 296, 297.
Arail, village and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, i. 297.
Arains, market gardeners and cultivators
in Jehlam, vii. 17 1.
Arakan, Division in Lower Burma, i.
297, 298.
Arakan. See Mro-haung.
Arakanese. See Maghs.
Arakan Hill Tracts, District in Lower
Burma, i. 298-304 ; physical aspects,
etc., 29S, 299; history, 299; popula-
tion, 299-301 ; agriculture, etc., 301,
VOL. XIV.
302 ; manufactures, 302, 303 ; admini-
stration, 303, 304 ; climate, 304.
Arakan Oil Company, vi. 626, 627.
Arakan Yoma, or Roma, range of hills,
with important passes running down
Burma, i. 304, 305; article 'India,'
vi. 3.
Arakere, tract in Mysore, i. 305.
Arakhs, aboriginal tribe in Gonda, v.
151.
Aral River, channel in connection with
the Indus, i. 305, 306.
Arameri, village in Coorg, i. 306.
Aran, river in Berar, i. 306.
Arang, town in Central Provinces, i. 306.
Araraj, village in Bengal, i. 306.
Arariya, village and Sub-division in Ben-
gal, i. 306.
Arasalar, estuary in Madras, i. 307.
Araun, pargand in Central India, i. 307.
Arava-Kiirichi, village in Madras, i. 307.
Aravalli Hills, range of mountains in
Rajputana, i. 307, 308.
Arazi, village in Bombay, i. 308.
Arbuthnot, Sir A. J., acting Governor of
Madras (1872), ix. 67.
Arbuthnot, Messrs., & Co., rented the
estate of Palakonda, ix. 534 ; their
introduction of indigo, and attempt to
introduce cotton, xiii. 492.
ArchcEological Survey of Western India,
Mr. E. Thomas' Papers in, quoted, vi.
147 (footnotes); 172 (footnotes); 175
(footnote 3) ; 182 (footnotes I and 4) ;
185 (footnote 4).
Archaeology of India. For Local notices
see Antiquarian Remains, Architecture,
Buddhist Antiquities, Coins, Mosques,
and Temples.
Architecture, ancient Indian, article
' India, 'vi. 112, 170; under the Mughal
Emperors, 294, 304. Local notices : —
(i) Buddhist architecture — Ajanta, i.
114-116; Amravati, i. 252; Bagh, i.
414 ; Bara Banki, ii. 107 ; Barkur, ii.
157; Benares, ii. 268; Bezwada, ii.
336 ; Bhander, ii. 338 ; Bhilsa, ii. 393,
394 ; Buddh Gaya, iii. 126, 127 ;
Champaran, iii. 340, 341 ; EUora, iv.
349; Eran, iv. 354, 355; Junagarh,
vii. 263 ; Kanum, vii. 438 ; Kasia, viii.
79 ; Khandgiri, viii. 159 ; Mahabalipur,
ix. 143-149 ; Pandrinton, xi. 38, 39 ;
Rani-mir, xi. 507, 508 ; Sanchi, xii.
194-196; Sankisa, xii. 223, 224;
Sarnath, xii. 269, 270 ; Udayagiri, xiii.
414, 415-
(2) Burmese architecture — Amara-
piira, i. 210 ; Amherst, i. 236 ; Ava, i.
389; Upper Burma, iii. 217; Kyaik-
■ kauk, viii. 382 ; Kyaik-ti-yo, viii. 383 ;
Mahamuni, ix. 156; Mandalay, ix.
289 ; Shwe-Dagon, xii. 426, 427 ;
B
i8
INDEX.
Shwe-maw-daw, xii. 436 ; Shwe-nat-
taung, xii. 437 ; Shwe-san-daw, xii.
438 ; Shwe-thek-lut, xii. 439.
(3) Dutch architecture — Cochin, iv.
II, 12; Coringa, iv, 42; Sadras, xii.
94.
(4) English and modern architecture
—Agra, i. 70, 75 ; Alipur, i. 179, 180;
Allahabad, i. 198 ; Ambala, i. 225 ;
Bangalore, ii. 67 ; Baroda, ii. 171 ;
Benares, ii. 266 ; Bombay, iii. 78,
79 ; Calcutta, iii, 250-253 ; Cawnpur,
iii, 290 ; Darjiling, iv. 140, 141 ; Delhi,
iv. 196 ; Ganjam, v. 9 ; Haidarabad,
V. 253, 254 ; Karachi, vii. 454 ; Lahore,
viii. 417, 418; Madras, ix. 105, 106;
Meerut, ix. 393 ; Patna, xi, 109 ; Poona,
xi. 213, 214; Rangoon, xi. 483, 484;
Rawal Pindi, xii. 37, 38 ; Simla, xii.
147 ; Surat, xiii. 134, 135.
(5) Hindu architecture — Ahmadabad,
i. 97, 98 ; Ajodhya, i. 135 ; Allahabad,
i. 196, 198 ; Amarnath, i. 210, 21 1 ;
Amber, i. 228 ; Arsikere, i, 355 ; Bard-
wan, ii. 157 ; Baroda, ii. 170 ; Bela-
gavi, ii. 230 ; Benares, ii. 266, 268 ;
Bhuvaneswar, ii. 417, 418 ; Bikaner,
ii. 443 ; Brindaban, iii. 100 ; Chilam-
baram, iii. 413, 414 ; Conjevaram, iv.
26 ; Dig, iv. 286 ; Elephanta, iv. 341-
343 ; Ellora, iv, 349-351 ; Gangaikan-
dapur, iv, 465 ; Gingi, v, 82, 83 ;
Gwalior, v, 235 ; Halebid, v. 295 ;
Jambukeswaram, vii. 120, 121 ; Kana-
rak, vii. 384, 385 ; Karli, viii. 13-16 ;
Kera, viii. 116 ; Khajurahu, viii. 140 ;
Kotae, viii. 302, 303 ; Madura, ix. 133,
134 ; Mandhata, ix. 295, 296 ; Matan,
ix. 360, 361 ; Muttra, x. 54; Nanjangad,
X. 196 ; Puri, x. 447, 448 ; xi. 316,
317 ; Pandharpur, xi. 37 ; Patan, xi.
82, 83 ; Rameswaram, xi. 443-445 ;
Ramtek, xi. 466, 467 ; Sandiir, xii.
208, 209 ; Srirangam, xiii. 80, 81 ;
Tanjore, xiii, 195, 196 ; Tinnevelli,
xiii. 311 ; Tirupati, xiii. 326; Udaipur,
xiii. 410, 411.
(6) Jain architecture — Mount Abu,
i. 8-12; Ahmadabad, i. 97, 98;
Ajodhya, i. 134 ; Bhadreswar, ii.
340 ; Bikaner, ii. 442 ; Boram, iii. 88 ;
Budhpur, iii. 128 ; Charra, iii. 372 ;
Datia, iv. 157 ; Ellora, iv. 349 ; Girnar,
v. 86 ; Gwalior, v. 235 ; Kalinjera, vii.
337 ; Kapadwanj, vii. 440 ; Karakal,
vii. 463 ; Khiirja, viii. 212 ; Mandhata,
ix. 296 ; Miidbidri, ix. 525 ; Nadol,
X. 142, 143 ; Satrunjaya hill, Palitana,
xi. 4-10 ; Palma, xi. 14 ; Rakabdeo,
xi. 439 ; Rampura, xi. 461, 462 ;
Sanganer, xii. 217 ; Shravan-belgola,
xii. 425 ; Sirpur, xiii. 8 ; Yeniir, xiii.
554.
(7) Muhammadan architecture, in-
cluding Mughal and Pathan — Agra,
i. 71-75 ; Ahmadabad, i. 97, 98 ;
Ahmadnagar, i. 109 ; Ajmere, i. 132,
133 ; Allahabad, i. 198 ; Aurungabad,
i. 387 ; Bahraich, i. 435 ; Balkh, ii. 14 ;
Baroda, ii. 170; Benares, ii. 268;
Bijapur, ii. 424 ; Burhanpur, iii. 164 ;
Dabhol, iv.^77; Delhi, iv. 186-188,
191, 192 ; i-atehpur Sikri, iv. 464 ;
Gaur, v, 40; Jaunpur, vii. 159, 160;
Lahore, viii. 415, 416 ; Lucknow, viii.
506-510; Mandogarh, ix. 308; Meerut,
ix. 393 ; Murshidabad, x. 33, 34 ;
Narnala, x. 213 ; Panduah, xi. 41, 42 ;
Patna, xi. 1 10; Rajmahal, xi. 390;
Seringapatam, xii. 320 ; Sikandra, xii.
481 ; Surat, xiii. 135.
(8) Nepalese architecture — Benares,
ii. 265 ; Khatmandu, viii. 183.
(9) Portuguese architecture — Bassein,
ii. 191 ; Cochin, iv. 12, 13 ; Diu, iv.
307 ; Goa, v. 107, 108 ; Salsette, xii.
169.
(10) Sikh architecture— Amri tsar, i.
335 ; Lahore, viii. 417, 418 ; Ramdas,
xi. 44X ; Siaikot, xii. 451, 452 ; Tarn
Taran, xiii. 215.
Arcot, tdltik in Madras, i. 308.
Arcot, town in Madras, i, 308-311 ;
history, 308-3 II ; defence of, by Clive
(1751), i. 309, 310, vi. 379; rival
French and English nominees for the
throne of, vi. 379,
Arcot, North, District in Madras, i. 311-
319; physical aspects, 311, 312; his-
tory, 312-314 ; population, 314, 315;
agriculture, 315-317 ; natural calami-
ties, 317; commerce and trade, 317,
318; administration, 318, 319 ; medical
aspects, 319.
Arcot, South, District in Madras, i. 319-
328 ; physical aspects, 320, 321 ; his-
tory, 321, 322 ; population, 322, 323 ;
agriculture, 323-325 ; natural calami-
ties, 325, 326 ; commerce and trade,
326, 327 ; administration, 327, 328 ;
medical aspects, 328.
Ardabak, village in Bengal, i, 329,
Area, towns, villages, houses, population,
etc., of British India, article ' India,'
vol. vi., appendix I. p. 689,
Areca nut or betel nut palms, in Akyab,
i. 155, 156 ; Amalapuram, i. 207 ;
Amherst, i. 239 ; Arkalgad, i. 330 ;
Assam, i. 362 ; Atur, i. 383 ; Bakar-
ganj, i. 441, 445 ; Bangalore, ii. 63 ;
on the Beliapatam, ii, 239 ; at Bellary,
ii. 245 ; Bombay, iii. 45 ; Cherra, iii.
392; Chiknayakanhalli, iii. 411;
Chitaldrug, iii, 426 ; Cochin, iv, 5 ;
Dacca, iv. 85 ; Eastern Dwars, iv.
328, 333 ; Faridpur, iv. 394 ; Goa, v.
INDEX.
19
92, 93 ; Godavari, v. 122 ; Hajiganj,
V. 290 ; Hassan, v. 349 ; Howrah, v.
463 ; Jalpaiguri, vii. 108 ; Kadur, vii.
286 ; Kalasa, vii. 324 ; North Kanara,
vii. 372 ; South Kanara, vii. 380 ;
Karnul, \\\\ 38 ; Khasi Hills, viii. 177 ;
Khyrim, viii. 215 ; Kolaba, viii. 260 ;
the Konkan, viii. 291 ; Lakvalli, viii.
444 ; Madras, ix. 30, 87 ; Malabar, ix.
230 ; Mertigudda, ix. 415 ; Mysore
State, X. 100, loi. District, x. 119;
the Nicobar Islands, x. 295 ; Noakhali,
y^- 339> 345. 347 ; Sagar (Mysore), xii.
Ill ; Salwin Hill Tracts, xii. 175 ;
Sawantwari, xii. 296 ; Sheila, xii. 378 ;
Shimoga, xii. 400, 403 ; Shwe-gyin,
xii. 432 ; Sibsagar, xii. 466 ; Tavoy,
xiii. 232; Tipperah, xiii. 317, 318;
Travancore, xii. 342, 349 ; Trichino-
poli, xiii. 360 ; Tumkur, xiii. 378, 381,
Vengurla, xiii. 469 ; Yedator, xiii. 550;
Yellapur, xiii. 553.
Argaum, town in Berar, i. 329 ; battle
of (1803), vi. 323, 398.
Arghiin dynasty. The, in Sind (i6th
century), xii. 510.
Arhar. See Pulses.
Arhar Nawargaon, town in Central Pro-
vinces, i. 329.
Ariadaha, village in Bengal, i. 329.
Ariaki'ipam, fort in Madras, i. 329.
Arial Khan, river in Bengal, i. 329.
Ariankaon, village, pass, and shrine in
Madras, i. 329.
Ariapad, shrine in Madras, i. 329, 330.
Arikkod, town in Madras, i. 330.
Arisillar. See Arasalar.
Arjun, Sikh Guru, son of Ram Das, founded
Kartarpur, where his descendants have
an estate, viii. 50 ; died in prison at
Lahore, where his shrine is, viii. 415 ;
founded Srigovindpur, xiii. 75 ; built
town, temple, and tank of Tarn Taran,
xiii. 214, 215.
Arjuni, estate in Central Provinces, i.
330.
Arjunpur, village in N.-W. Provinces,
i- 330.
Arkalgad, town and tdhik in Mysore, i.
33°-
Arkavati, river in Mysore, i. 330.
Arkonam, town in Madras, i. 330, 331.
Armagon, shoal and lighthouse in
Madras, i. 331 ; East India Company's
factory established at (1625-26), vi. 368.
Armenians in Bengal, ii. 295 ; Bombay,
iii. 52 ; Calcutta, iii. 256 ; Dacca, iv.
90, 91 ; Surat, xiii. 134.
Armori, town in Central Provinces, i.
331-
Army of India, its constitution, article
' India,' vi. 470, 471 ; the armies of
the three Presidencies, 471 ; strength,
471 ; health and vital statistics, 675-
684. Local notices — in Bengal, ii. 319 ;
Bombay, iii. 67 ; Haidarabad Contin-
gent, V. 252, xii. 302 ; Madras, ix.
74, 75 ; Punjab, xi. 290 ; the Haidar-
abad reformed troops, xii. 302. See
also Arsenals, Cantonments, and Mili-
tary Forces of Native States.
Arna, river in Berar, i. 331.
Arnala, island in Bombay, i. 331.
Ami, town and estate in Madras, i. 331.
Aror, historic town in Bombay, i. 332.
Aroras. See Trading Castes.
Arpalli, pargaiid in Central Provinces, i.
332.
Arrah, town m Bengal, i. 333, 334 ;
population, 333 ; history, 333, 334.
Arrah Canal, branch of the Son Canal,
Bengal, i. 334, 335.
Arrian, Greek historian, quoted or referred
to — on Alexander's march through
Baluchistan, ii. 28 ; on the defence of a
chief of Pushkalavati against Hephais-
tion,iii.373; onTaxila, iv. 27o;onAstes,
identified with Hashtnagar, v. 344 ;
on Muttra, x. 43 ; preserved Megas-
thenes' account of Palibothra (Patna),
xi. 107 ; on Penkelas or Pushkalavati,
xi. 147 ; the different identifications of
his Mount Aornos, xi. 506 ; calls the
Ravi, the Hydraotes, xii. 14, and the
Sambus a tributary of the Jumna, xii.
139; on Sangala, xii. 214; the Erra-
noboas, indentified with the Son, xiii.
51 ; the Port of Alexandra, identified
with Sonmi^ni, xiii. 61.
Arrowsmith's old map of India referred to,
on the River Sai, xii. 139.
Arsenals — Ahmadabdd, i, 97 ; Allahabad,
i. 198 ; Bangalore, ii. 66 ; Bellary, ii.
261 ; Firozpur, iv. 448 ; HaidaralDad
(Sind), V. 287 ; Madras, ix. 107 ;
Merkara, ix. 414 ; Mhow, ix. 420 ;
N'agpur, X. 174, 175 ; Rawal Pindi,
'^i'- 35' 37 ' Secunderabad, xii. 301 ;
Thayet-myo, xiii. 287 ; Trivandrum,
xiii. 369 ; Vizagapatam, xiii. 498.
Arshed Beg, revenue officer of Tipu
Sultan, made rdyat'odri settlement in
Malabar, ix. 46.
Arsikere, village in Mysore, i. 335.
Art and architecture in ancient India, vi.
112; 170, 171. See also Architec-
ture.
Arts and manufactures, article ' India,'
vi. 112, 113, also chap. xx. pp. 598-
617. English competition with native
art-work. 59S ; native rural industries,
599 ; fortified weaving settlements of
the East India Company, 599 ; cotton-
weaving an indigenous industry in
India, 599 ; its decline, but still a
domestic industry supplying three-fifths
20
INDEX.
of the Indian consumption, 600 ; cot-
ton-weaving in different Provinces,
600, 601 ; special Indian cotton fabrics,
601-603 ; Indian silk-weaving in Bur-
ma, Assam, and Bengal, 602 ; classes
of silk fabrics, 602, 603 ; steam silk
factories, 603 ; embroidery, 603 ; Kash-
mir shawls, 603 ; leather work, 603 ;
velvet work, 603 ; jewelled embroidery,
604 ; carpets and rugs, 604, 605 ;
goldsmith's work and jewellery, 605,
606 ; precious stones, 606 ; iron work
and cutlery, 606 ; chain armour and
damascene work, 606, 607 ; brass,
copper, and bell-metal work, 607, 608 ;
pottery and tile work, 608 ; sculpture,
608, 609 ; wood carving, 609 ; inlaying
and ivory carving, 609 ; European in-
dustries, cotton mills, 610-615 '■> J^'^
mills, 614-616 ; breweries, 616, 617 ;
paper mills, 617 ; leather factories,
Arundangi, tract and fortress in Madras,
'•, 335-
Arunuthmangalam, village in Madras, i.
335-
Aruppakotai, town in Madras, i. 335.
Arvi, town and tahsil in Central Pro-
vinces, i. 335, 336. _
Arwal, produce depot in Bengal, i. 336.
Arwal, village in Oudh, i. 336.
Aryalur, town in Madras, i. 336.
Aryan and Turanian migrations from
Central Asia, vi. 174, 175; 130, 131.
Aryan races of India, number in 188 1,
vi. 51. Also chap. iv. pp. 75-131.
The Aryan stock, its European and
Eastern branches, 75 ; the Aryans in
their primitive home, 75> 7^ ; Euro-
pean and Indian languages merely
varieties of Aryan speech, 76 ; Indo-
European words, 76 ; common origin
of European and Indian religions, 76 ;
the Indo-Aryans on the march, and
in their new settlements, 76, 77 ; the
Rig-Veda, its supposed dates, 77 ;
Vedic hymns, 78 ; caste and widow
burning unknown to the Rig-Veda,
78 ; Aryan civilisation in the Veda, 79 ;
eastern spread of the Aryans, 79 ; the
gods of the Veda, 79 ; Indra, the Cloud
Compeller or rain-bringer, and Agni,
the God of Fire, 80, Si ; other Vedic
gods, 81 ; the Brahmanical triad, 81 ;
blood-loving deities of Hinduism
scarcely known in the Veda, 82 ; the
Horse Sacrifice a substitution for
Human Sacrifice, 82; Vedic conceptions
of the Deity, 82 ; a Vedic hymn, 82,
83 ; primitive Aryan burial, 84 ; burn-
ing of the dead, 84, 85 ; Vedic legend
of Yama, the King of Death, 85 ;
Vedic farewell to the dead, 85 ; Vedic
conception of immortality, 86 ; Aryan
advance towards the Jumna and Upper
Ganges, 86 ; Aryan tribes organized
into kingdoms, 87 ; origin of priestly
families, 87 ; growth of the priest-
hood, 87, 88 ; the four Vedas, 88 ; the
Brahmanas, 88, 89 ; the Sutras or
sacred traditions, 89 ; formation
of the Brahman caste, 89 ; growth
of the warrior or Kshattriya caste,
89, 90 ; the cultivating caste (Vaisya),
90 ; the four Hindu castes, 90, 91 ;
increase of Brahman, Kshattriya, and
Siidra castes, 91 ; decrease of Vaisyas,
91, 92 ; struggle between the priestly
and warrior castes, 92 ; rising preten-
sion of the Brahmans, 92 ; well-known
prehistoric legends of Kshattriyas attain-
ing Brahmanhood, 92, 93 ; the Middle-
land, the focus of Brahmanism, 93 ;
Aryan tribes outside the Brahmanical
pale, 93 ; establishment of Brahman
'supremacy, 94; four stages of a
Brahman's life, 95 ; the Brahman rule
of life and its hereditary results on
the caste, 96; work done by Brahmans
for India, 97 ; Brahman theology, 97 ;
the post-Vedic gods, 97, 98 ; the
Hindu triad, 98; Brahman philosophy,
its six darsanas or schools, 98, 99 ;
summary of Brahman religion, 100 ;
Brahman science, 100 ; Sanskrit gram-
mar, 100, loi ; Sanskrit and Prakrit
speech, loi; Sanskrit manuscripts, 102 ;
the Indian alphabets, 102, 103 ; Sans-
krit writings almost entirely in verse,
103 ; prose, a forgotten art, 103, 104 ;
Sanskrit dictionaries, 104 ; Brahman
astronomy, 104- 106 ; Brahman mathe-
matics, 106 ; Brahman medicine, 106-
iio; Indian surgery, 107, 108;
Buddhist public hospitals, 108, 109 ;
decline of Hindu medicine, 109 ; Eng-
lish Medical Colleges, 108, 109 ; verna-
cular medical publications, no; Hindu
art of war, no; Indian music, iio-
112; Indian architecture, 1 12; Indian
decorative art and painting, 1 12, 113;
Brahman law, 113-118 ; code of Manu,
113, 114; code of Yajnavalkya, 114,
115; scope of Indian law, its rigid caste
system, 115, I16; growth of Hindu
law, 116; its incorporation of local
customs, 117 ; perils of modern codi-
fication, 117, 118; secular literature
of the Hindus, 118-129; the Maha
bharata, 1 18-122; the Ramayana,
122-125; age of the Sanskrit drama,
125, 126; Sakuntala and other Hindu
dramas, 126, 127 ; the Hindu novel,
127 ; Beast stories, 127 ; Sanskrit
lyric poetry, 128 ; the Puranas, 128,
129 ; Indian modern vernacular liteia-
INDEX.
21
ture, 129 ; intellectual and religious
development of the early Aryans,
129, 130; the Brahmans in Indian
history, and attacks on Brahmanism
from the 6th to the 19th century, 130,
Aryan influences on the Dravidian races,
vi. 329, 330 ; the modern Aryan ver-
naculars of India, 334-355-
Asa, the Ahir, story of, as told by
Firishta, iii. 301.
Asaf Jah, Nizam-ul-Mulk (Chin Kilich
Khan), Governor of the Deccan (1720-
48), defeated and killed Mubariz
Khan, the Imperial General at Fateh-
khelda, iii. 144, iv. 422 ; lived at
Burhanpur, where he died, iii. 164 ;
took Cliicacole, iii. 406 ; granted the
Northern Circars to Anwar-ud-din
and Rustam Khan, iii. 468 ; obtained
Daulatabad at death of Aurungzeb, iv.
160 ; his history, v. 248, 249, 257, 258;
appointed Nizam-ul-j\Iulk by Faruk-
siyyar, v. 257 ; founded reigning dy-
nasty of Haidarabad, v. 258.
Asaf Khan, brother of Nur Jahan, Vice-
roy of Kara Manikpur, conquered
Garha, vii. 31 ; tomb at Shahdara,
viii. 416, xii. 341 ; defeated Rani Dur-
gavati of Garha-Mandla at Mandla,
ix. 301, 302, xii. 259; stormed Chau-
ragarh, x. 218.
Asafpur, village in N.-W. Provinces,
i. 336, 337.
Asaf-ud-daula, Nawab of Oudh (i775-
98), ceded Benares to the East India
Company, ii. 255, and Ghazipur, v. 64,
and Jaunpur, vii. 153 ; took the mate-
rials for his buildings at Lucknow from
Karra, viii. 48 ; built the Imambara
and other edifices at Lucknow, viii.
506-508 ; his subsidiary treaty with the
English, X. 367 ; his reign and transac-
tions with the East India Company,
X. 490, 491.
Asaish, village in Oudh, i. 337,
Asansol, village in Bengal, i. 337.
Asari'ir, village in Punjab, i. 337.
Asasuni, village in Bengal, i. 337.
Asbestos, found in Chitaldrug, iii. 423 ;
Kumaun, viii. 394; Mysore District,
X. 114.
Ashritas, a sect of the Kumbhipathias,
in the Central Provinces, iii. 315.
Ashta, town in Central India, i. 337.
Ashta, town in Bombay, i. 337, 338.
Ashtagram, Division in Mysore, i. 338.
Ashtagram, taluk in Mysore, i. 338.
Ashti, historic town in Central Pro-
vinces, i. 338.
Asiatic non-Indian population of British
India, article ' India,' vi., appendix,
vi. p. 694.
Asin, town in Rajputana, i. 338.
Asirgarh, fortress in Central Provinces,
i- 11^, 339-
Asiwan, town and pargand in Oudh,
i- 339. 340.
Aska, town and zainindari in Madras,
i. 340.
Aslana, village in Central Provinces,
i. 340.
Asoha Parsandan, pargand in Oudh,
i. 340.
Asoha, village in Oudh, i. 340, 341.
Asoka, Buddhist King of Magadha or
Behar (257 B.C.), article 'India,' vi.
144-147 ; his Great Council (244 B.C.),
144 ; his Rock and Cave Edicts, 145
and footnote ; his Department of
Public Worship, 145 ; his missionary
efforts and doctrinal code, 145 ; charac-
ter of the Rock Edicts, 146, 147 and
footnote. Local notices — Built temple
at Buddh Gaya, iii. 125 ; ruled over
Kathiawar, viii. 90 ; his reign, x. 362,
363 ; ruled over the Punjab, xi. 260 ;
put down rebellion at Taxila, xii. 23 ;
built tower at Surnath, xii. 270 ; sent
relics to Taung-ngu, xiii. 221 ; had his
capital at Ujjain when Viceroy, xiii.
417 ; built stupas at Asariir, i. 337 ;
Bara Banki, ii. 107 ; Taxila, iv. 270 ;
Ghazipur, v. 63 ; Sakala, vii. 207 ;
Kasia, viii. 79; Sangala, xii. 214;
Sankisa, xii. 224 ; Edicts and Inscrip-
tions, copies of, on rocks, caves, and
pillars at^Shahbazgarhi in Afghanis-
tan, i. 53 ; Allahabad, i. 86 ; Araraj, i.
306 ; Benares, ii. 266 ; near Lauriya in
Champaran, iii. 334-341 ; Kalsi near
Haripur in Dehra Dun, iv. 170, vii.
344 ; Delhi, iv. 192 ; Girnar, v. 85 ;
between Junagarh and Girnar, viii. 90 ;
Purushottapur, xi. 333.
Aspari, town in Madras, i. 341.
Assam, Province in N.-E. India, i. 341-
374; history, 342-346; physical aspects,
346, 347; soil, 347; minerals, 347,
348 ; forests, 348, 349 ; wild animals,
349 ; population, 350, 35 1 ; population,
regarded ethnically, 351-353; religion
— Hindus, 353 ; Bhuiyas, 354 ; Kalitas,
354, 355 ; Kaibarttas, 355, 356 ;
Katanis, 356 ; Chandals, 356 ; Borias,
356, 357 ; Napits, 357 ; Bhumij, 357 ;
Muhammadans, 357 ; Christians, 358,
359 ; Buddhists, 359 ; Jains, 359,
360 ; Biahmos, 360 ; distribution of
the population into town and country,
360 ; occupations of the people,
360, 361 ; material condition of the
people, 361 ; agriculture, 361 - 364 ;
natural calamities, 364; tea cultivation,
364-366 ; importation of coolies, 366 ;
manufactures, etc., 367; commerce,
22
INDEX.
367, 368 ; communications, 368, 369 ;
ailministration, 369 ; police force, 369-
371 ; military force, 371 ; education,
371, 372 ; medical aspects, 372-374.
Assam, unsuccessful invasion of, by
Aurangzeb's general, Mir Jumla, article
' India,' vi. 309 ; expulsion of the Bur-
mese from, and annexation of Assam to
British territories (1826), 404; yearly
settlement of the land revenue, 445 ;
frontier trade of, 588-590.
Assaye, village and battle-field in Nizam's
Dominions, i. 374, 375 ; battle of
(1803), vi. 323, 398.
Asses, Wild, found in Baluchistan, ii. 36 ;
Bombay, iii. 45 ; Cutch, iv. 59 ; Dera
Ghazi Khan, iv. 210 ; Jhang, vii. 207 ;
Ladakh, viii. 397 ; Sind, xii. 507 ; the
Parkar, xiii. 264.
Assia, range of hills in Bengal, i. 375.
' Assisted ' railways in India, vi. 548.
Astronomy, Brahmanical system of, vi.
104-106 ; astronomy of the Vedas,
104 ; Greek influences on Indian
astronomy, 105; decay of astronomical
science under Muhammadan rule, 105 ;
Raja Jai Singh's observatories in the
i8th century, 105, 106. See also
Observatories.
Asurgarh, historic fort in Bengal, i.
375-
Asiuatnedha or Great Horse Sacrifice of
ancient India, vi. 82 ; connection of the
Horse Sacrifice with the Man Sacrifice
of pre-Buddhistic times, 175, 176.
Asylums. See Leper, Lunatic.
Atak. See Attock.
Atari, village in Punjab, i. 375.
Atasarai, trading village in Bengal, i.
375-
Atchaveram, village in Madras, i. 375.
Atcheepore. See Achipur.
Ateha, pa}-gand in Oudh, i. 376.
Athaide, Dom Luis de, successfully de-
fended Goa against Ali Adil Shah, v.
lOI.
Atharabanka, river in Bengal, i. 376.
Aihara-nura, range of hills in Bengal, i.
376.
Atharva-Veda, The, article 'India,' vi. 88.
Athgarh, tributary State in Orissa, i. 376,
377-
Athgarh, village in Orissa, i. 377.
Athirala, shrine in Madras, i. 377.
Athmallik, tributary State in Orissa, i.
377. 378.
Athni, town and Sub-division in Bombay,
i. 378.
Athpadi, town in Bombay, i. 378.
A-thut, tidal river in Burma, i. 378.
A'ia, Sub-division in Bengal, i. 378.
Atmakur, town and tdliik in Madras, i.
378, 379-
Atmospheric conditions. See Medical As-
pects section under each District, and
Meteorological Statistics.
Atner, town in Central Provinces, i. 379. .
Atpadi, town in Bombay, i. 379.
Atrai, river in Bengal, i. 379 ; its changes
of course, vi. 30.
Atranji Khera, prehistoric mound in
N.-W. Provinces, i. 379, 380.
Atrauli, town and iahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, i. 380.
Atrauli, town in Oudh, i. 380.
Atri, village in Bengal, i. 380.
Atsanta. See Achanta.
Attaran, river in Burma, i. 380, 381.
Attari, village in Punjab, i. 381.
Attigada, estate in Madras, i. 381. See
Kallikot.
Attikuppa, village in Mysore, i. 381.
Attili, town in Madras, i. 381.
Attock, town, fortress, and taksil in
Punjab, i. 381, 382.
Atur, tdlitk in Madras, i. 382, 383.
Atur, town in Madras, i. 383, 384.
Atwa Piparia, pargand in Oudh, i. 384.
Auber's Analysis of the Coiutitntio7i of
the East India Company, quoted,
article ' India,' vi. 364, 365 (footnotes).
Auckland, Lord, Governor-General of
India (1836-42), article 'India,' vi.
406-409 ; Afghan affairs and our early
dealings with Kabul, 406, 407 ; Dost
Muhammad, Afghan dynastic wars,
407 ; Russian influence in Afghanistan
and the installation of Shah Shuja and
occupation of Kabul by a British force,
407, 408 ; rising of the Afghan people,
and massacre of the British army on its
retreat to India, 408. Local notices—
Encouraged tea-planting in Assam, i.
365 ; sanctioned relief works during
famine of 1838 in N.-W. Provinces,
X. 391 ; declared it necessary to break
agreement with Mirs of Sind about the
Indus, xii. 514.
Auckland Bay, in Burma, i. 384.
Augasi, tahsil in N.-W, Provinces, i.
384-
Augusto, Dom, brother of King of Por-
tugal, sent to put down revolt at Goa
(1 87 1), and disbanded the native army
there, v. 106.
Aundh, town and petty State in Bombay,
i. 384, 385- ^ , T, •
Aundhi, estate in Central Provinces,
i- 385-
Auraiya, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, i. 385.
Auranga, river in Bombay, i. 385, 386.
Aurangabad, village and Sub-division in
Bengal, i. 386.
Aurangabad, town and /arg-a«a in Oudh,
i. 3S6.
INDEX.
23
Aurangabad, town in the Nizam's Domi-
nions, i. 387, 388.
Aurangabad Sayyid, town in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, i. 388.
Aurangzeb, sixth Mughal Emperor of
India( 1658- 1 707) article 'India, 'vi. 305-
312 ; his rebellion and usurpation of
the throne, 305, 306 ; chief events of
his reign, 306, 307 and footnote ;
murder of his brothers, 307 ; conquest
of Southern India, 307 ; rise of the
Maratha power, 307, 308 ; Aurang-
zeb's Grand Army and twenty years'
war with the Marathas, 308, 309 ; his
despair and death, 309 ; unsuccess-
ful expedition to Assam, 309 ; his
bigotry and persecution of the Hindus,
309; revolt of the Rajputs, 309, 310;
revenue of his Empire, 310, 311 ;
Aurangzeb's character, 312. Local
notices — His generals took Adoni, i.
26 ; defeated his brother Dara at
Ajmere, i. 21 ; ruins of palace and
mausoleum to his wife at Aurangabad,
i. 385 ; in Bellary, ii. 242 ; took
Bijapur, ii. 424 ; destroyed walls of
Broach and rebuilt them, iii. 112, 1 13 ;
built mosque at Burhanpur, iii. 164 ;
had temple of Debi Patan destroyed,
iv. 164 ; conquered the Deccan, iv.
166 ; had his capital at Delhi, iv. 193 ;
took Dharwar, iv. 226 ; defeated his
brother Murad at Ranka Chabutra,
near Dholpur, iv. 276 ; restored fort
of Dohad, iv, 312; built mosque at
Fatehabad, iv. 419; took Golconda,
v. 144 ; his wars with Abdulla Kutab
Shah, King of Golconda, and annexa-
tion of that kingdom, v. 255, 256 ;
joined by the Sidi of Janjira, vii. 140 ;
invaded Marwar, and plundered Jodh-
pur, vii. 241; took Kondapalli, vii. 287 ;
built the Jama Masjid at Lahore, viii.
416 ; built mosque at Lucknow, viii.
504, 505 ; his visit to Manikpur, ix.
321 ; destroyed temples at Muttra,
X. 54 ; restored Poona to Sivaji,
xi. 212 ; took Purandhar, xi. 298 ;
took Raigarh, xi. 364 ; at first em-
ployed Rajput chieftains, but eventu-
ally invaded Rajputana, xi. 405 ; took
Satana, xii. 274 ; obtained Sholapur
from All Adil Shah, of Bijapur, xii.
412; took Sinhgarh, xii. 544; increased
the importance of Surat, as port for
Mecca, xiii. 122 ; defeated Dara at
Ujjain, xiii. 417.
Auras, village in Oudh, i. 388.
^i«,autumn ricecrop. See Rice cultivation.
Ausgram, village in Bengal, i. 388.
Austen, Col. Godwin, surveyed Muztagh
range of the Himalaya Mountains, v.
404.
Australia, India's trade with, vi. 578,
579-
Ava, ancient capital of the Burmese
Empire, i. 388-390.
Avalanches, frequent in Kumaun, viii.
335-
Avani, village in Mysore, i. 390.
Avatars or Incarnations of Vishnu,
article ' India,' vi. 215, 216 (footnote
3).
Avati, village in Mysore, i. 390.
Avchar, petty State in Bombay, i. 390.
Avinashi, town in Madras, i. 390.
Avitabile, Sikh general. Governor of
Peshawar, xi. 149 ; built wall round
Peshawar, xi. 158 ; re-built Wazirabad,
which he made his head-quarters, xiii.
535-
Avulapali, range of hills in Madras, i.
391-
Awah, town in N.-W. Provinces, i. 391.
Awans, Muhammadan tribe, numerous
in Hazara, v. 363, 364 ; Jehlam, vii.
168-170; Peshawar, xi. 151; Rawal
Pindi, xii. 27 ; Sialkot, xii. 444.
Av/slx, pargand in Central India, i. 391.
Ayakotta, town in Madras, i. 391.
Ayakudi, town and zaininddri in Madras,
i- 391-
Ayub Khan, defeated by Abdur Rahman
Khan (June 1881), vii. 275 ; his victory
at Maiwand (26th July 1S80), vii. 396 ;
defeated by Gen. Roberts at Kandahar
(1st Sept. 1880), vii. 397 ; captured
Kandahar (27th July 1881), but again
defeated by Abdur Rahman Khan
there (22nd Sept. 1881), vii. 398.
Ayyankere, artificial lake in Mysore, i.
391-
Azamgarh, District in N.-W. Provmces,
i. 391-401 ; physical aspects, 392, 393;
history, 393-395 ; archaeology, 395 ;
population, 395-397 ; agriculture, 397-
399 ; natural calamities, 399 ; com-
merce and trade, 399 ; administration,
400 ; medical aspects, 400, 401.
Azamgarh, town and /«/«// in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, i. 401.
Azimabad. See Patna.
Azimganj, village in Bengal, i. 402.
Azim, son of Aurangzeb, Nawab of Ben-
gal (1697-1704), ii. 278; sold three
villages on site of Calcutta to the East
India Company, iii. 240 ; defeated and
slain by his brother Muazim in Dhol-
pur, iv. 276.
Azim Khan, Durani leader, defeated by
Ranjft Singh at Peshawar, xi. 149.
Azim Khan, brother of Amir Sher AH
Khan, defeated him at Khelat-i-Ghilzai,
vii. 395. ^ ^
Azim Shah, son of Sikandar Shah, Kmg
of Bengal, proclaimed his independence
24
INDEX.
at Sonargion, and invited the poet
Hafiz to his court, xiii. 59.
Azmeriganj, village in Assam, i. 402.
B
Baba Budan, range of mountains in
Mysore, i. 402, 403.
Baba Jagjivvan Das, founder of the Sat-
namis, born at Daryabad, iv. 151.
Baba Sahib. See Bharkar Rao.
Babai, town in Central Provinces, i. 403.
Babar, first Mughal Emperor of Delhi,
(1526-30), early life, defeat and over-
throw of Ibrahim Lodi at Panipat ;
conquest of Northern India, article
'India,' vi. 290,291. I,ocal notices — His
description of Afghanistan, i. 31 ; made
Agra his capital, and died there,
i. 69 ; took Allahabad, i. 196 ; took
Biana, and defeated Rana of Udaipur
there, ii. 418 ; invaded India, and after
victory of Panipat, entered Delhi, iv.
192, 193 ; took Dholpur, iv. 277 ; his
mention of Dipalpur, iv. 303 ; con-
quered Etawah, iv. 371 ; Fatehpur, iv.
424 ; and Ghazipur, v. 64 ; took fort
of Gwaiior by stratagem, v. 236 ;
mentions Hangu, v. 310 ; his tomb at
Kabul, vii. 268 ; boasts of the commerce
of Kabul, vii. 271 ; on the Kafirs, vii.
292 ; took Kandahar, vii. 392 ; defeated
the Rajput princes at Khanna, viii.
164 ; on the Bangash tribe, viii. 243 ;
defeated Ibrahim Lodi near Lahore,
viii. 405 ; mentions Mahaban, ix. 150 ;
occupied Rapri in Mainpuri, ix. 203 ;
his victory over Ibrahim Lodi at Pani-
pat, xi. 44, 45 ; subdued the Pathans
in Peshawar, xi. 149 ; his invasions of
the Punjab, xi. 261 ; defeated the Raj-
puts at Fatehpur Sikri, xi. 404 ; de-
feated the Ghakkars, and took Pharwala,
xii. 24; planted colonies in Saharanpur,
xii. 45 ; marched through Sibi, xii.
457 ; invaded Mewar and defeated
Rana Sanga, xiii. 403, 404.
Babbala, village in N;-W. Provinces, i.
403.
Baber, H., introduced coffee planting into
the Wainad, ix. 231.
Baberu, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, i. 403.
Babhans or Military Brahmans, especially
numerous in Behar, ii. 225 ; Cham-
paran, iii. 338 ; Darbhangah, iv. 124 ;
Gaya, v. 46, where many of them are
rakdits, v. 52 ; Lohardaga, viii. 481 ;
Monghyr, ix. 484 ; Muzaffarpur, x.
79 ; Patna, xi. 99 ; Purniah, xi." 325 ;
Santal Parganas, xii. 229 ; Saran, xii.
253 ; Shahabad, xii. 327,
Babhar, town and petty State in Bom-
bay, i. 403, 404.
Babhnipair, pa7-gami in Oudh, i. 404.
Babington, Dr., quoted on the inscrip-
tions at Mahabalipur, ix. 149.
Babla, river in Bengal, i. 404, 405.
Babra, petty State in Bombay, i. 405.
Babrias, tribe in Kathiawar, now princi-
pally to be found in Babriawar, i. 405.
Babriawar, tract of country in Kathia-
war, i. 405.
Babuabera, trading village in Bengal, i.
405.
Babiil ixQes. and reserves, Akola, i. 141 ;
Allahabad, i. igo ; Anantapur, i. 274 ;
Azamgarh, i. 392 ; Bara Banki, ii.
106 ; Belgaum, ii. 232 ; Bombay, iii.
44, 45 ; Broach, iii. 102 ; Buldana, iii.
143 ; Chengalpat, iii. 382 ; Daman, iv.
102 ; Etawah, iv. 369 ; Fatehpur, iv.
423 ; Gwaiior, v. 227 ; Haidarabad
(Sind), V. 275 ; Indore, vii. 2 ; Jaipur,
vii. 51 ; Jamner, vii. 130; Jerruck,
vii. 180; Karachi, vii. 444; Kathia-
war, viii. 89 ; Larkhana, viii. 462,
463 ; on the Lonar lake, viii. 489 ;
Madras, ix. 30 ; Mainpuri, ix. 202 ;
Mohar, ix. 396 ; Mughalbhin, ix. 529 ;
N.-W. Provinces, x. 380, 381 ; Pan-
han, xi. 43; Rai Bareli, xi. 353 ;
Rameswaram, xi. 443 ; Sholapur, xii.
412 ; Sibi, xii. 454 ; Sind, xii. 505,
506 ; Sirohi, xiii. i ; Sitapur, xiii. 30 ;
Sultanpur, xiii. 97 ; Surat, xiii. 120 ;
Tando Muhammad Khan, xiii. 177 ;
Tasgaon, xiii. 216; Tinnevelli, xiii.
306; Utras, xiii. 431; Upper Sind
Frontier, xiii. 439.
Babu Rao, chief of Monumpalli, mutinied
in 1858, executed at Chanda, iii. 351.
Babulgaon, village in Berar, i. 405.
Bachhraon, rural town in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, i. 405.
Bachhrawan, town z.T\d.pa)-gatidm Oudh,
I, 405, 406.
Bachireddipalem, village in Madras, i. 406.
Backergunge. See Bakarganj.
Badagara, town in Madras, i. 406, 407.
Badagas or Vadagas, aboriginal tribe on
the Nilgiri Hills, x. 310, 311.
Badakshan, tract of country in Afghan-
Turkistan, i. 407.
Badakshis, tribe akin to the Tajiks, and
grouped with them as Galchas, in Bad-
akshan, i. 407.
Badami, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, i, 407.
Badan Singh, father of Suraj Mall of
Bhartpur, formally declared leader of
the Jats (1712), n. 373, x. 45 ; his
palace at Sahar, xii. 113.
Badarganj, trading village in Bengal, i.
407, 408.
INDEX.
25
Badari, river in Mysore, i. 408. See
also Yagachi.
Badariya, village in N.-W. Provinces, i.
408.
Badarpur. See Badrpur.
Badansa, town and /a/^j// in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, i. 408.
Badesar, village in Rajputana, i. 408.
Badg\ijars, landowning clan of wealthy
Rajputs, in Bulandshahr, iii. 135.
Badhalgaon, town in N.-\V. Provinces,
i. 408.
Badin, town and tahik in Bombay, i.
408,409.
Badipudi, historic tdhik in Bombay, i.
409.
Badnera, town in Berar, i. 409.
Badnur, town in Central Provinces, i.
409, 410.
Bado Sarai, town and pargand in Oudh,
i. 410.
Badrachalam. See Bhadrachalam.
Badrihat, police outpost in Bengal, i. 410.
Badrinath, mountain peak in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, i. 410, 411.
Badrpur, village in Assam, i. 41 1.
Badshahpur, town in N.-W. Provinces, i.
Badshahpur, hill torrent in Punjab, i.
Baduria, town in Bengal, i. 411, 412.
Badvel, town and taluk in Madras, i.
412.
Baffa, town in Punjab, i. 412.
Bagalkot, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, i. 412, 413.
Bagaspur, town in Central Provinces, i.
413-
Bagasra, petty State in Kathiawar, i. 413.
Bagasra, town in Bombay, i. 413.
Bagat. See Land tenures.
Bagaud, /arji'flwiiin Central India, i. 413.
Bagdis, semi-Hinduized aborigines in
Bengal, generally fishermen, numerous
in Bankura, ii. 81 ; Bardwan, ii. 129 ;
Bengal, ii. 296 ; thieves in Hi'igH, v.
491 ; coolies in Jalpaiguri, vii. 112;
Kuch Behar, viii. 323 ; Midnapur, ix.
427 ; Nadiya, x. 133.
Bagdogra, town in Bengal, i. 413.
Bagepalli, village in Mysore, i. 413, 414.
Bagesar, town in N.-W. Provinces, i.
414-
Bagewadi, Sub-division in Bombay, i. 414.
Bagh, river in Central Provinces, i. 414.
Bagh, town ^x^^ pargand in Central India,
i. 414.
Baghal, Hill State in Punjab, i. 415.
Baghdr, offshoot of the river Indus, i.
415-
Baghat, Hill State in Punjab, i. 415, 416.
Baghbanpur, village in Punjab, i. 416.
Baghdanga, village in Bengal, i. 416.
Baghelas, a branch of the Sisodhiya Raj-
puts, which once ruled in Gujarat, i.
416 ; in Central India, iii. 295.
Baghelkhand, tract in Central India, i.
416,417.
Bagherhat, village and Sub-division in
Bengal, i. 417.
Baghjala, town in Bengal, i. 417.
Baghmati, river in Behar, i. 418.
Baghmati, Little, river in Behar, i. 418.
Baghmundi, plateau and hill range in
Bengal, i. 418.
Bagirhat. See Bagherhat.
Bagirji, village in Bombay, i. 41 8.
Bagli, petty State in Central India, i.
418, 419.
Bagor, town in Rajputana, i. 419.
Bagpat, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, i. 419.
Bagrasi, town in N.-W. Provinces, i.
420.
Bagru, town in Rajputana, i. 420.
Bagula, village in Bengal, i. 420.
Bahadran, town and district in Rajput-
ana, i. 420.
Bahadurganj, town in N.-W- Provinces,
i. 420.
Bahadurgarh, town in Punjab, i. 420,
421.
Bahadur Khel, salt mine in Punjab, i,
421.
Bahadurpur, village in Assam, i. 421.
Bahadur Shah, Mughal Emperor (1707-
12), defeatedhisbrotherAziminDholpur,
iv. 276 ; took Haidarabad with Khan
Jahan, v. 256 ; defeated his brother
kam Baksh, v. 256 ; campaign against
the Sikhs, xi. 263.
Bahadur Shah, King of Gujarat (1526-
37), allowed Portuguese to build a
fort at Diu, where he was killed, iv.
307 ; defeated by the Emperor Huma-
yun, viii. 91 ; overthrew Ghori dynasty
of Mahva, ix. 267; invaded Mewar, and
took Chittor, xiii. 404.
Bahadur Shah, last Muhamraadan king
of Ahmadabad, tried to take Surat
(1609), xiii. 121.
Bahadur Shah, Regent of Nepal (1786-
95), X. 286.
Baharagarha, market village in Bengal,
i. 421.
Bahawa, village in Bengal, i. 421.
Bahawalpur, Native State in Punjab,
i. 421-424; physical aspects, 421;
population, 421, 422 ; commerce, 422 ;
history and administration, 423, 424.
Bahawalpur, city in Punjab, i. 424.
Bahera, market village in Bengal, i. 424.
Baheri, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces, i. 424,
425-
BahiUvara, town in Bengal, i. 425.
Bahli, mountain range in Punjab, i. 425.
26
INDEX.
Bahlol Lodi, Emperor. See Lodi.
Bahlolpur. See Bhilolpur.
Balimani, Muhammadan dynasty in
Southern India (1347-1525), article
' India,' vi. 287. Local notices — Its
later capital at Bidar, ii. 419 ; its
earlier capital (1347-1432) at Kulbarga,
viii. 352, 353 ; took Masulipatam
(1478), ix. 353; its history, xi. 201,
202 ; ruled over Satara, xii. 277.
Bahraich, District in Oudh, i. 425-433 ;
physical aspects, 425, 426 ; history,
426-429 ; population, 429, 430 ; agri-
culture, 430-432 ; commerce and trade,
432 ; administration, 432, 433 ; medical
aspects, 433.^
Bahraich, tahsil in Oudh, i. 433, 434.
Bahraich, pargaud in Oudh, i. 434.
Bahraich, town in Oudh, i. 434, 435.
Bahramghat, town in Oudh, i. 435.
Bahrampur. ^tv Berhampur.
Bahrampur, town in Punjab, i. 435, 436.
Bahsiima. See Bisambhar.
Bahu, river in Madras, i. 436.
Bahu Begam of Oudh, lived at Faizabad
(1798- 1S16), where her mausoleum is.
iv. 3S8.
Bahuleshwar, village in Bombay, i. 436.
Bai, estate in Central India, i. 436.
Baiadgi, town in Bombay, i. 436.
Baideswar, village in Orissa, i. 436.
Baidiir, town in Madras, i. 436.
Baidyabati, market town in Bengal,
i- 436.^
Baidyanath, village in Bengal, i. 436.
Baidyas, numerous caste in Bengal, ii.
296.
Baigas, priests of the Gonds, an ab-
original tribe. See Balaghat, i. 455 ;
Central Provinces, iii. 310 ; ]\Ianala,
ix. 303, 304 ; Sambalpur, xii. 1S2.
Baikal. See Bekal.
Baikanthpur, town in Bengal, i. 436,
437-
Baila Bhela, town in Oudh, i. 437.
Bailgaon, village in Oudh, i. 437.
Bailhongal. See Hongal.
Baillie, Col., defeat of, by Haidar All, at
Pullalur or Perambakam (1780), iv. 27,
43, ix. 13, xi. 136.
Baillie, Major, took Aden (1839), i. 17.
Bainchi, village in Bengal, i. 437.
Bairagis, Vishnuite ascetics and mendi-
cants in the Eastern Dwars, iv. 332 ;
Madras, ix. 20.
Bairagnia. See Bhairagnia.
Bairam Ghat, place of sanctity in Berar,
i; 437- ,
Bairam Khan, regent during the early
years of Akbar's reign, vi. 291, 292.
Bairath, town in Rajputana, i. 437.
Baird, Sir David, prison of, at Banga-
lore, ii. 67.
Bairia. See Biria.
Baitarani, river in Orissa, i. 437, 438.
Baiza Bai, widow of Daulat Rao Sind'a,
removed from Gwalior for creating dis-
turbances, v. 230, 231.
Bajana, petty State in Kathiawar, i. 438.
Bajana, town in Bombay, i. 438.
Baj-baj, village in Bengal, i. 438.
Baji Rao, second Peshwa (172 1 -40) ;
his conquest of the Deccan and Malwa,
from the Mughals, and capture of
Bassein from the Portuguese, article
'India,' vi. 320. Local notices —
Established the Maratha authority
in Bundelkhand, iii. 155; received
part of Damoh from Chhatar Sal, iv.
109 ; at Delhi and on the Jumna,
x. 366, 367 ; died at Raver, where
is his cenotaph, xii. 14 ; exacted
chaiith from the Rana of Mewar, xiii.
405, 406.
Baji Rao 11., seventh and last Peshwa
(1795-1818), article 'India,' vi. 323;
second and third Maratha wars,
and annexation of the Peshwa's ter-
ritories, 323, 324. Local notices —
Banished to Bithur, iii. 20 ; attack on
the Resident, defeat and deposition,
iii. 39; defeated at Kirki, viii. 221 ;
and at Korigaum, viii. 298, 299 ;
placed on the throne by the treaty of
Mahad, ix. 154; surrendered to Mal-
colm at Nimar, x. 331 ; defeated at Pan-
darkanra, xi. 35, xiii. 540 ; his three
defeats, xi. 212, 213.
Bajitpur, town in Bengal, i. 43S, 439.
Bajrangarh, district in Central India,
i- 439-
Bajwara, village in Punjab, i. 439.
Bakaner, pargand in Central India, i.
439-
Bakarganj, District in Bengal, i. 439-449;
physical aspects, 439-442 ; administra-
tive history, 442 ; population, 442-444 ;
agriculture, 444-446 ; land tenures,
446 ; natural calamities, 446, 447 ;
commerce and trade, 447 ; administra-
tion, 447, 449 ; medical aspects, 449.
Bakarganj, ancient town in Bengal, i.
449-
Baker, Aaron, first Governor of Madras
(1653-59), ix. 66.
Baker, Sir T. D., sent from Kabul to
disperse Afghans, vii. 274 ; marched
against Achakzai tribe in Pis h in (i 880),
xi. 189.
Bakeswar, river in Bengal, i. 449.
Bakhar. See Bukkur.
Bakhra, village in Bengal, i. 449, 450.
Baksh, Sir Hardeo, sheltered English
officers at Dharmpur (1857), iv. 255.
Bakhshi Khal, water channel in Bengal,
i. 450.
INDEX.
27
Bakht Ball, Raja of Shahgarli, rebelled
1857, seized Banda, and was defeated
by Rose, xii. 103.
Bakht Buland, Gond Raja of Deogarh,
extended his territories, iii. 399 ; his
reign and foundation of Nagpur, x.
166 ; obtained Seoni, xii. 309 ; ravaged
Wun, xiii. 539, 540.
Bakht Khan, mutineer leader in Bareill}',
iv. 411.
Bakhtgarh, petty Slate in Central India,
i. 450.
Bakhtiarpur, village in Bengal, i. 450.
Bakkarayasamudram, village in Madras,
i. 450.
Bakloh, town in Punjab, i. 450.
Bakra River, stream in Berar, i. 450.
Baksar, village in Oudh, i. 450, 451.
Bakud Creek, branch of the Mahanadi,
in Orissa, i. 451, 452.
Balaganj, village in Assam, i. 452.
Balagarh, town in Bengal, i. 452.
Balaghat, name given to certain Districts
in the Karnatic of the Vijayanagar
kingdom, i. 452.
Balaghat, the upland country of Berar, i.
452.
Balaghat, District in Central Provinces, i.
452-457 ; physical aspects, 452-454 ;
history, 454; population, 454, 455;
division into town and country, 455 ;
agriculture, 455, 456 ; commerce and
trade, 456 ; administration, 457 ; medi-
cal aspects, 457.
Balahera, village in Rajputana, i. 457.
Balahi, hill range in Central Provinces,
i. 457.
Balaji Baji Rao, third Peshwa (1740-
71) ; his expeditions to Bengal and
the Punjab ; defeat of, by Ahmad
Shah Durani at the third battle of
Panipat, article ' India,' vi. 320,
321. Local notices — Annexed part of
Hoshungabad, v. 443 ; took IMandla,
ix. 302, 307. See also Marathas.
Balaji Lakshman, IMaratha governor of
Khandesh, massacred 7000 Bhils at
Kopargaon (1804), viii. 293.
Balaji Viswanath, first Peshwa (171S-
20), extorts chauth from the Delhi
emperor for the Deccan, article ' India,'
vi. 320 ; built hill fort of Visapur,
xiii. 480. See also Marathas.
Balak Das, successor of Ghasi Das as
high priest of Satnamis, murdered
(i860), iii. 313.
Balakot, town in Punjab, i. 458.
Balakot, fortified village in Central
Provinces, i. 458.
Balaman, town and pargand in Oudh, i.
45S.
Balance sheet of British India, vi. 465,
466.
Balance of trade (India's), vi. 558, 559 ;
Sir R. Temple's Minute on, vi. 581-583.
Balapur, taluk in Berar, i. 458, 459.
Balarampur, town in Bengal, i. 459.
Balasan, river in Bengal, i. 459.
Balasinor, Native State in Bombay, i.
459, 460.
Balasinor, town in Bombay, i. 460.
Balasor, District in Orissa, ii. i-io ;
physical aspects, i, 2 ; rivers, 2, 3 ;
ports and harbours, 3, 4 ; history, 4-6 ;
population, 6. 7 ; agriculture, 7 ;
natural calamities, 7, 8 ; manufacture-,
8, 9 ; trade, 9 ; administration, 9, 10 ;
medical aspects, 10.
Balasor, Sub-division in Orissa, ii. 10, 11.
Balasor, town and port in Orissa, ii. 1 1 ;
East India Company's factory started
at (1642), vi. 369.
Balasor, peak in Madras, ii. 11.
Balban, the last King but one of the
Slave dynasty (1265-87) ; his cruelties
to the Hindus ; Rajput revolts and
Mughal inroads ; his fifteen royal
pensioners, article ' India,' vi. 2S0.
Local notices — Cleared Etah of ban-
ditti, iv. 359 ; built fort of Kampil,
^'i'- 353 ; subdued Mewat, ix. 418 ;
invaded Moradabad, ix. 505.
Balbi, Caspar, on Dagon, now Rangoon,
in 1580, quoted, xi. 482.
Balcha, pass in Garhwal, ii. Ii.
Balchri, island in Bengal, ii. 11.
Baldeva or Baldeo, village and place of
pilgrimage in N.-W. Pro%'inces, ii. 11.
Baldeva Singh, Raja of Bhartpur, ceno-
taph of, at Gobardhan, v. 121.
Baldiabari, village in Bengal, ii. Ii, 12.
Baleswar River, one of the principal
distributaries of the Ganges, ii. 12.
Bali, town in Bengal, ii. 12.
Bali, market village in Bengal, ii. 12.
Balia, village in Bengal. See Alawak-
hawa.
Baliaghata, trading village in Bengal, ii.
12.
Baliaghata, canal in Bengal, ii. 12.
Baliganj, suburb of Calcutta. See Bally-
gunge.
Balighatiam, village in Madras, ii. 13.
Balihri, town in Central Provinces, ii. 13.
Balipara, forest reserve in Assam, ii. 13.
Balirangan, range of mountains in Madras.
See Biligiri-Rangan.
Balisna, town in Bombay, ii. 14.
Balkh, Province of Afghanistan. See
Afghan-Tiirkistan.
Balkh, city of Afghan-Tiirkistan, ii.
14-16; city, 14, 15 ; country, 15, 16 ;
history, 16.
Ball, Vincent, on the geology of the
Rajmahal Hills, xi. 390, 391 ; on the
cave tunnel in Ramgarh Hill, xi. 447.
28
INDEX.
Ballabgarh, town and tahsil in Punjab,
ii. i6.
Ballabhpur, suburb of Serampur, Bengal,
ii. 17.
Ballala, Hoysala, dynasty in Southern
India, had their capital at Dorasamudra,
now Halebid, taken by Muhammadans
(1310), V. 295; in Madras, ix. il ; in
iviysore, x. 93 ; ruled over Salem, xii.
154 ; had a later capital at Talkad, xiii.
167 ; took refuge at Tonnur, xiii. 338.
Ballalpur, village in Central Provinces,
ii. 17.
Ballal-rayan-durga, village in Mysore,
ii. 17.
Ballantyne, Dr., The Sdiikhya Aphorisms
of Kapila, quoted, vi. 154 (footnote i).
Ballapal, forest reserve in Madras, ii.
17, 18.
Ballia, District in N.-W. Provinces, ii.
18-23 ; physical aspects, 18, 19 ;
history, 19 ; archeology, 19 ; popula-
tion, 19, 20 ; agriculture, 20-22 ;
commerce and trade, 22 ; administra-
tion, 22 ; sanitary aspects, 22, 23.
Ballia, tahsil \\\ N.-W. Provinces, ii. 23.
Ballia, town in N.-W. Provinces, ii. 22.
Ballygunge, suburb of Calcutta, ii. 23, 24.
Baloda, town in Central Provinces, ii.
Balotra, town in Rajputana, ii. 24.
Balrampur, town and pargatid in Oudh,
ii. 24, 26.
Balsamand, village in Punjab, ii. 26.
Balsan, Hill State in Punjab, ii. 26.
Balsane, village in Bombay, ii. 26.
Balsar. See Bulsar.
Baltis, tribe of Muhammadan Tibetans
in the Himalayas, v. 412; the Hindu
Kush, v. 417.
Baltistan, administrative division of
Kashmir. See also Iskardoh.
Balua, trading village in Bengal, ii. 27.
Baluchis: in Afghanistan, i. 44; in Baluch-
istan, ii. 29 ; their manners and customs,
"ii. 38; in Bombay Presidency, iii. 49 ;
Dera Ghazi Khan, iv. 213; Gurgaon,
V. 218 ; Haidarabad (Bind), v. 276 ;
plundered Kambar (1844), vii. 352 ; in
Karachi, vii. 447 ; Khairpur, viii. 135 ;
in Kohistan, their blood-feuds, viii.
251, 252 ; in Lahore, viii. 407 ; Lark-
hana, viii. 467 ; Mallani, ix. 260 ;
Multan, X. 6 ; Muzaffargarh, x. 60 ;
Punjab, xi. 273 ; Rohtak, xii. 72 ;
Shahpur, xii. 364 ; Shikarpur, xii. 392 ;
Sibi, xii. 455, 456 ; Sind, xii. 517, 518 ;
Thar and Parkar, xiii. 266 ; Upper
Sind Frontier, xiii. 440, 441 ; tribes of,
xiii. 440-445.
Baluchistan, tract of country south of
Afghanistan, ii. 27-40 ; boundaries, 27,
28 ; history, 28-33 ! physical aspects.
33-35 ; climate, producticms, etc., 35,
36 ; towns, 36, 37 ; population, 37-39 ;
revenue and military resources, 39, 40.
Balwant Singh, Raja of Benares, defeated
at Baxar with Shuja-ud-daula, ii. 255 ;
took Chanar, iii. 347 ; seized Ghazipur,
V. 64.
Balwant Singh, native soldier, defended
Girishk (1841, 1842), i. 35.
Bamanbor, petty State in Bombay, ii. 40.
Bamanghati, tributary State in Bengal, ii.
40,41.
Bamani, mountain peak in Madras, ii. 41.
Bamanri, village in N.-W. Provinces, ii.
Bamboos, special mention of, on Mount
Abu, i. 6 ; in Akyab, i. 150 ; Amherst,
i. 234 ; Anamalai Hills, i. 270 ; Anda-
man Islands, i. 282 ; Arakan Hill
Tracts, i. 299, 302 ; Athara-Mura, i.
376 ; Athgarh, i. 377 ; Bakarganj, i.
441 ; Balaghat, i. 453 ; Banda, ii. 51 ;
Barda Hills, ii. 124 ; Bard wan, ii. 126 ;
Bareilly, ii. 138 ; Belgaum, ii. 238 ;
Bengal, ii. 271 ; Bijli, ii. 427 ; Bilaspur,
ii. 445; Birhar, iii. 12; Bombay, iii.
45 ; Lower Burma, iii. 204 ; Cachar,
iii. 233 ; Cherra, iii. 392 ; Chichgarh,
iii. 408 ; Chittagong, iii. 434 ; Coorg,
iv. 32 ; Cuttack, iv. 65 ; DaUi, iv. 99 ;
Darbhangah, iv. 122 ; Dharampur, iv.
249 ; Eastern Dwars, iv. 328 ; Faiza-
bad, iv. 381 ; Faridpur, iv. 394; Gau-
hati, V. 33 ; Western Ghats, v. 59 ;
Godavari, v. 122; Goona, v. 159;
Gyaing-than-lwin, v. 238 ; Berar, v.
260 ; Haliyal. v. 296 ; Haung-tharaw,
V. 357 ; Hill Tipperah, v. 395 ; Hoshi-
arpur, v. 452 ; Jalpaiguri, vii. 108 ;
Kamrup, vii. 355 ; North Kanara, vii.
370 ; South Kanara, vii. 376 ; Kangra,
vii. 411; Kuch Behar, viii. 318;
Lakhimpur, viii. 426 ; Lalitpur, viii.
447 ; Langtarai Hills, viii. 460 ; Laun,
viii. 467 ; Lohardaga, viii. 476 ; Mad-
ras, ix. 84, 87 ; Malabar, ix. 219, 229 ;
Western Malwa, ix. 268 ; Manipur,
ix. 325 ; Melagiri Mountains, ix. 401 ;
the Melghat, ix. 403 ; Merkara, ix.
413 ; Mishmi Hills, ix. 463 ; Murshid-
abad, x. 36 ; Nepal, x. 276 ; Oel, x.
421; Oudh, x. 482; Pabna, x. 511 ;
Pachamalai Plills, x. 521 ; Puri, xi.
401 ; Rampa, xi. 454; Ratnagiri, xii.
3 ; Sagar, xii. loi ; on the Salandi,
xii. 149 ; Saletekri, xii. 167 ; Satara,
xii. 277 ; Seoni, xii. 309 ; Shahabad,
xii. 323 ; Shahpur, xii. 360 ; Shevaroy
Hills, xii. 3S3 ; Shimoga, xii. 400;
Sibsagar, xii. 460, 466 ; Sikkim, xii.
484 ; Sinchal Pahar Mountain, xii.
502 ; Sirohi, xiii. 2 ; Sirsi, xiii. 21 ;
Siiapur, xiii. 30 ; Siwalik Hills, xiii.
INDEX.
29
44. ; Sylhet, xiii. 144, 145 ; Tharawadi,
xiii. 272; Thayet-myo, xiii. 277;
Tipperah, xiii. 313 ; Trichinopoli, xiii.
355 ; Vizagapatam, xiii. 482 ; Wun,
xiii. 539.
Bamboo-work made in Assam, i. 367 ;
Chanda, iii. 355 ; Cherra, iii. 392 ;
Daman, iv. 103 ; Mani Majra, ix. 322 ;
Nadaun, x. 128; Sheila, xii. 378;
Sylhet, xiii. 157.
Bamhangaon, zaminddri in Central Pro-
vinces, ii. 41.
Bamni, town in Central Provinces, ii. 41.
Bamniawas, town in Rajputana, ii. 41.
Bamoni, town in Bengal, ii. 41.
Bamra, State in Central Provinces, ii. 41,
42 ; physical aspects, 41 ; history, 41,
42 ; population, 42 ; division into town
and country, 42.
Bamsaru, pass in N.-W. Provinces, ii. 42.
Banaganapalli, estate in Madras, ii. 43,
44.
Banaganapalli, town in Madras, ii. 44.
Banarji, Babu Taradas, on the Kabir-
panthis, iii. 3I3-3I5-,
Banas, river of Rajputana, ii. 44.
Bands, river in Bengal, ii. 44, 45.
Banas, river in Bengal, ii. 45.
Banasa, village in N.-W. Provinces, ii.
45-
Banavar, village and taluk m Mysore, 11.
45-
Banavasi, town in Bombay, ii. 45.
Bancoora. See Bankura.
Banda, District in N.-W. Provinces, ii.
45-55 ; physical aspects, 46, 47 ; his-
tory, 47-49 ; population, 49, 50 ,- agri-
culture, 50-52 ; natural calamities, 52,
53 ; commerce and trade, 53 ; admini-
stration, 53, 54 ; medical aspects, 54,
55-
Banda, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, ii. 55.
Banda, town and tahsil in Central Pro-
vinces, ii. 55, 56.
Banda, leader of Sikh rebellion (17 12),
first preached Sikh religious war, i.
256 ; besieged in Gurdaspur, v. 214 ;
his rebellion and death, xi. 263.
Bandajan, pass in Punjab, ii. 56.
Bandamurlanka, hamlet in Madras. See
Bandarulanka.
Bandar, taluk in Madras, ii. 56.
Bandar. See Masulipatam.
Bandarban, village in Bengal, ii. 56, 57.
Bandarulanka, village in Madras, ii. 57.
Bandel, village in Bengal, ii. 57.
Bandhalgotis, clan of Kshattriyas, wor-
shipping the hanka, and inhabiting
h.v(\Q\S\\ pargand, Oudh, i. 231.
Bandipallam, hill and stream in Madras,
ii- 57-
Bandra, town in Bombay, ii. 57, 58.
Bandulla Khan, Bijapur general, took
Gingi(i638),v. 83.
Banga, town in Punjab, ii. 58.
Bangahal, valley in Punjab, ii. 58.
Bangali, river in Bengal, ii. 58, 59.
Bangalore, District in Mysore, ii. 59-66 ;
physical aspects, 59, 60 ; history, 60,
61 ; population, 62, 63 ; agriculture,
63, 64 ; manufactures, etc., 64 ; ad-
ministration, 64, 65 ; medical aspects,
65, 66.
Bangalore, city in Mysore, ii. 66-72 ;
general appearance, 66-68 ; history,
68, 69 ; population, 69, 70 ; manufac-
tures and trade, 70, 7 1 ; administration,
71, 72 ; medical aspects, 72.
Banganapalli. See Banaganapalli.
Banganga, river of Rajputana, ii. 72.
Banganga, hill stream in Oudh, ii. 72.
Bangaon, Sub-division in Bengal, ii. 72,
73-
Bangar, pargand in Oudh, ii. 73.
Bangarman, town and pargaitd in Oudh,
ii- 73-
Bangash, Afghan clan in the Kohat,
Kuram, and Miranzai valleys, i. 42 ;
viii. 246, 368.
Baniachang, village in Assam, ii. 74.
Banian trees, sacred, at Allahabad, i.
196 ; Bhim-lath, ii. 357 ; Broach, iii.
102.
Banihal, pass in Punjab, ii. 74.
Banihargs, class of day - labourers in
Shahabad, xii. 330.
Baniyas. See Trading Castes.
Banjaras, pack bullock drivers, often
thieves, in North Arcot, i. 315 ; Bilas-
pur, ii. 452 ; Borasambar, iii. 89 ;
Chhatisgarh, iii. 397 ; Coimbatore, iv.
15 ; Ghes, v. 73 ; Khandesh, viii. 155 ;
Kistna, viii. 230 ; Kolaba, viii. 265 ;
Lohara, viii. 474 ; Madras Presidency,
ix. 21 ; Nallamalai Hills, x. 186 ; their
manners and customs, Wiin, xiii. 541,
542.
Banka, town and Sub-division in Bengal,
ii. 74, 75.
Banka Canal. See Rupnarayan.
Bankaner, town in Central Provinces, ii. 75.
Bankapur, town and Sub-division in
Bombay, ii. 75.
Bankheri, town in Central Provinces, ii.
75-
Banki, estate in Orissa, ii. 75, 76.
Bankipur, civil station of Patna District,
Bengal, ii. 76.
Bankipur, village in Bengal, ii. 77 ; old
settlement of the Ostend East India
Company on the Hiigli between Cal-
cutta and Chinsurah ; its destruction
by the Muhammadans (1753), vi. 374.
Bankomundi, peak in Orissa, ii. "j"].
Bankot, seaport in Bombay, ii. 77, 78.
30
INDEX.
Banks and Bankers (native), special
mention of, at Ahmadabad, i. 92 ;
Ahmadnagar, i. 104 ; Ajmere, i. 133 ;
AUaliabad, i. 192 ; Bakarganj, i. 447 ;
Barot,ii. 173; Benares, ii. 259, 266; Beri,
ii. 325; Bhiwapur, ii. 401; Bidesir, ii.
419 ; Cavvnpur, iii. 288 ; Ciiapra, iii.
370 ; Faridpur, iv. 405 ; Farukhabad,
iv. 414 ; Gujrat, v. 197 ; Hariana, v.
338 ; Jaipur, vii. 53, 60 ; JhalraPatan,
vii. 201, 205 ; Kishangarli, viii. 224 ;
Murshidabad, x. 39 ; Paintepur, x.
530; Rajputana, xi. 420, 421 ; Ram-
garh, xi. 448 ; Ranchi, xi. 468 ; Rawal
Pindi, xii. 38 ; Rewari, xii. 56 ; Shaha-
pur, xii. 338 ; Sialkot, xii. 452 ; Umrer,
xiii. 423.
Banks of Rivers, changes in the. See
Alluvion and Diluvion.
Banks, Major, succeeded Sir H. Law-
rence in civil command at Lucknow
(4th July), killed (21st July 1857), viii.
513- ,
Bankura, District in Bengal, ii. 78-87 ;
physical aspects, 78-80 ; history, 80,
81 ; population, 81-83 ; agriculture,
83, 84 ; natural calamities, 84, 85 ;
commerce and trade, etc., 85 ; admini-
stration, 85, 86 ; medical aspects, 86,
Bankura, town in Bengal, ii. 87.
Bannawasi. See Banavasi.
Bannu, District in Punjab, ii. 87-97 '■>
physical aspects, 87-90 ; history, 90-
92 ; population, 92, 93 ; agriculture,
93-95 ; land tenures, wages, prices,
etc., 95 ; commerce and trade, etc.,
95, 96 ; administration, 96, 97 ; medical
aspects, 97.
Bannu, tahsil in Punjab, ii. 97.
Bannu. See Edwardesabad.
Bannuchis, most numerous tribe in Bannu,
their appearance and manners, ii. 93.
Bampas, village in Bengal, ii. 97.
Bampur. See Bhanpur.
Bansa, town in Oudh, ii. 97, 98.
Bansa, village in Central Provinces, ii. 98.
Bansbaria, town in Bengal, ii. 98.
Bansda, town and petty State in Bombay,
ii. 98, 99.
Bansdih, town and tahsil m. N.-W. Pro-
vinces, ii. 99.
Bansgaon, town and talisil in N.-W.
Provinces, ii. 100.
Bansgaon, agricultural village in N.-W.
Provinces, ii. 100.
Bansgaon, town in Bengal, ii. loo.
Bansi, village in Rajputana, ii. 100.
Bansi, tbwn and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, ii. 100, loi.
Banskhali, village in Bengal, ii. loi.
Bansloi, river in Bengal, ii. loi.
Bansror. See Bhainsror.
Bansura, town in Oudh. ii. loi.
Banswara, State in Rajputana, ii. loi-
Banswara, capital of State in Rajputana,
ii. 103.
Bantam, Presidency of the East India
Company in Java, vi. 368, 369.
Banthar, town in Oudh, ii. 103.
Banthly. See Wanthli.
Bantwa, town and petty State in Bombay,
ii. 103, 104.
Bantwal, town in Madras, ii. 104.
Bani'ir, town in Punjab, ii. 104.
Baoli, town in N.-W. Provinces, ii. 104.
Baoni, State in Bundelkhand, ii. 104,
Baori. See Kali Baori.
Baorias. See Moghias.
Baoris. See Bauris.
Bapatla, town and tdliik in Madras, ii.
105.
Bappa Rawal, took Chitor and made it
his capital (728), iii. 431 ; founded the
dynasty of Udaipur, xiii. 403.
Bappu Gokla, Maratha general, defeated
at Kirki (1817), viii. 221.
Baptist -Mission of Carey, Marshman, and
Ward at Serampur, vi. 260.
Baptist Missions. See Missions.
Baptiste, Col. Jean, officer in Sindia's
service, defeated Raja of Garhakota at
Nagpur, v. 13 ; his campaigns in
Chanderi (1811-14, 1829), viii. 448,
449 ; surprised byjai Singh in Seopur
(1816), xii. 316.
Bara, river in Punjab, ii. 105.
Bara, village in Oudh, ii. 105.
Bara Banki, District in Oudh, ii. 105-
1 14 ; physical aspects, 106, 107 ; his-
tory, 107-109; population, 109, no;
agriculture, IIO-112; natural calami-
ties, 112 ; commerce and trade, 1 13 ;
administration, 113, 1 14; medical
aspects, 114.
Bara Banki, tahsil m Oudh, ii. 114, 115.
Bara Banki, town in Oudh, ii. 115.
Barabar, hills in Bengal, ii. 115, 116.
Barabati, fort in Bengal, ii. 116.
Barachati, village in Bengal, ii. 116.
Bara Dehi, peak in Bengal, ii. 116,
Baragai, hill in Bengal, ii. 117.
Baragaon, town in Oudh, ii. 117.
Baragari, town in Bengal, ii. 117.
Bara Haldibari, town in Bengal, ii. 117.
Barah, town and /a/«// in N.-W. Provinces,
ii. 117.
Barahtiya, town in Bengal, ii. 117.
Barail. See Barel.
Barak, river of N.-E. India, ii. 118, 119 ;
steam navigation on, vi. 552.
Barakhar, river in Bengal, ii. 119.
Barakhar coal seams, vi. 637.
INDEX.
31
Barakhati, town in Bengal, ii. 119.
Barakila and Tahbunda, peaks in >Iadras,
ii. 119, 120.
Barakdu. See Godairi.
Barakulia Khal, river in Bengal, ii. 120
Barakzais, numerous in Kandahar city,
vii. 390 ; Sibi, xii. 455, 456.
Baral, river in Bengal, ii. 120.
Bara Lacha, mountain pass in Punjab,
ii. 120.
Bar AH, raised road in Assam, ii. 120.
Baramahal, historical division of Madras,
ii. 120, 121.
Baramati, town in Bombay, ii. 121.
Baramba, tributary State in Orissa, ii.
121, 122.
Baramula, mountain gorge in Punjab, ii.
122.
Baran, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces, ii.
122.
Baran. See Bulandshahr.
]5aran, town in Rajputana, ii. 122.
Baranagar, town in Bengal, ii. 122, 123.
Bara-pole, river in Madras, ii. 123.
Barasat, town and Sub-division in Bengal,
ii. 123.
Birasia, river in Bengal, ii. 123.
Bdrd-sirtgha, or swamp deer, article
'India,' vi. 658. Local notices — Cachar,
iii. 234 ; Chamba, iii. 329 ; Dinajpur,
iv. 291 ; Kashmir, viii. 68 ; Monghyr,
ix. 481 ; Muzaffargarh, x. 58 ; the Siin-
darbans, xiii. 389.
Baraunda, village and petty State in
Bundelkhand, ii. 123, 124,
Baraut. See Barot.
Barbaspur, chiefship in Central Provinces,
ii. 124.
Barbigha, town in Bengal, ii. 124.
Barbosa, mentions Bombay as Mayambu
(circ. 1516), iii. 74 ; his description
of Hampi, quoted, v. 307 ; quoted
on Quilon, xi. 339, 340 ; Rander,
xi. 468; Sural, xiii. 120.
Barclay, Col., expelled Khoras from
Gujarat (1819), xi. 343.
Barda, division of Kathiawar, Bombay,
ii. 124.
Barda Hills, in Kathiawar, ii. 124.
Bardha, village in Central Provinces, ii.
124.
Bardia, estate in Central Provinces, ii.
124.
Bardoli, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, ii. 124, 125.
Bardwan, Division in Bengal, ii. 512.
Bardwan, District in Bengal, ii. 125-136 ;
physical aspects, 126, 127 ; history,
127, 128 ; population, 128-130 ; agri-
culture, 130-132 ; natural calamities,
132 ; commerce and trade, 132, 133 ;
coal, 133, 134 ; administration, 134,
135 ; medical aspects, 135, 136.
Bardwan, Sub-division in Bengal, ii. 136.
Bardwan, town in Bengal, ii. 136, 137.
Bardwan fever, described, ii. 135, 136.
.Si^f also Birbhum, iii. 3, II ; Hugh, v.
498 ; Midnapur, ix. 426, 427, 430.
Bardsvar, forest reserve in Assam, ii.
'37-
Bareilly, District in N.-W. Provinces, 137-
145 ; physical aspects, 137, 138 ;
history, 138-140 ; population, 140-142 ;
agriculture, 142, 143 ; natural calami-
ties, 143 ; commerce and trade, etc.,
143, 144 ; administration, 144, 145 ;
medical aspects, 145.
Bareilly, city in X.-W. Provinces, ii. 145-
'•^7-
Barel or Barail, hill range in Assam, ii.
'47-
Barela, forest in Central Provinces, ii.
147.
Barela, town in Central Provinces, ii.
147, 148.
Bareli. See Bareilly.
Barenda, mountain pass in Punjab, ii. 148.
Bareng. See Bhareng.
Barengi. See Bharengi.
Baretha, town in Oudh, ii. 148.
Barga, hill pass in Punjab, ii. 148.
Bargarh, town and tahsil in Central Pro-
vinces, ii. 148, 149.
Barh, town and Sub-division in Bengal,
ii. 149.
Barha, agricultural village in Central
Provinces, ii. 149, 150.
Barhaj, town in N.-W. Provinces, ii. 150.
Barhalganj, town in N.-W. Provinces, ii.
150.
Barhampur. See Berhampore.
Barhi, village in Bengal, ii. 150.
Barhi, town in Central Provinces, ii. 150.
Bari, Sub-division (formerly) in Oudh, ii.
Bari, town and/ar^awfl in Oudh, ii. 150,
Bari, village in N,-W. Provinces, ii. 151.
Bari, town in Rajputana, ii. 151.
Baria, town and petty State in Bombay,
ii. 151, 152.
Bari Doab, tract of country in Punjab,
ii. 152, 153.
Bari Doab Canal, in Punjab, ii. 153-155;
article 'India,' vi. 29, 532, 533. Local
notices — Amritsar, i. 259 ; Gurdaspur,
V. 207 ; Lahore, viii. 404, 410 ; head-
works at Madhupur, viii. 543.
Barid Shahi, Muhammadan dynasty of
India (1492-1657), article 'India,' vi.
288.
Barigura, town in Central Provinces, ii.
Barisal, town and Sub-division in Bengal,
ii. 155.
Bariya. See Baria,
32
INDEX.
Barkal Hills, in Bengal, ii. 155.
Barkal Rapids, in Bengal, ii. 155, 156.
Barkali'ir, town in Madras, ii. 156.
Barkhera, petty State in Central Pro-
vinces, ii. 156.
Barking t\e.&x, kakar, article 'India,' vi.
658. Local notices — Bhutan, ii. 414 ;
Upper Burma, iii. 212; Chamba, iii.
329 ; Chittagong Hill Tracts, iii. 448 ;
Kashmir, viii.6 8 ; Madras Presidency,
ix. 90 ; Manipur, ix. 325 ; Rawal
Pindi, xii. 23 ; Thayet-myo, xiii. 279 ;
the Sundarbans, xiii. 389.
Birkop, village in Bengal, ii. 156.
Barkiir, former Sub-division in Madras,
ii. 156.
Barkur, village and port in Madras, ii.
156, 157.
Barlaam and Josaphat, legend of, and its
analogies with that of Buddha, vi. 151,
152.
Barley, cultivation of, special mention of,
in Mount Abu, i. 7 ; Afghanistan,
i. 38 ; Agra, i. 64 ; Ahmadnagar,
i. 103; Ajmere-Merwara, i. 125; Ak-
alkot, i. 137 ; Akola, i. 143 ; Aligarh,
i. 173; Amritsar, i. 259; Azamgarh,
i. 398 ; Bahraich, i. 430 ; Ballia, ii. 21 ;
Bannu, ii. 94; Bardwan, ii. 130;
Bareilly, ii. 142; Basti, ii. 211; Bel-
gaum, ii. 235 ; Benares, ii. 258 ; Bhu-
tan, ii. 413 ; Bijnaur, ii. 432 ; Bogra,
iii. 29 ; Bombay, iii. 53, 54 ; Budaun,
iii. 120; Bulandshahr, iii. 137; Bundi,
iii. 159; Cavvnpur, iii. 285 ; Chamba,
iii. 329 ; Champaran, iii. 341 ; Chitta-
gong, iii. 439 ; Cutch, iv. 61 ; Cuttack,
iv. 71 ; Dehra Dun, iv. 174 ; Delhi,
iv. 182 ; Dera Ghazi Khan, iv. 214 ;
Dera Ismail Khan, iv. 224 ; Dholpur,
iv. 274 ; Dungarpur, iv. 323 ; Eastern
Dwars, iv. 333 ; Etah, iv. 362 ; Eta-
wah, iv. 374 ; Faizabad, iv. 384 ;
Faridpur, iv. 403 ; Farukhabad, iv.
416 ; Fatehpur, iv. 427 ; Fatehpur
Chaurasi, iv, 432 ; Firozpur, iv. 443 ;
Gaya, v. 49 ; Ghazipur, v. 67 ; Gonda,
V. 152 ; Goona, V. 159; Gorakhpur,
V. 169 ; Gujranwala, v. 184 ; Gujrat,
V. 193 ; Gurdaspur, v. 21 1 ; Gurgaon,
v. 220 ; Hazara, v. 365 ; Hazaribagh,
V. 375 ; Herat, v. 391 ; Hissar, v. 430;
Hoshiarpur, v. 455 ; Hugh, v. 494 ;
Jaipur, vii. 52 ; Jalalabad, vii. 75 ;
Jalandhar, vii. 88 ; Jalpaigari, vii. 113;
Jaunpur, vii. 155 ; Jessor, vii. 187 ;
Jhang, vii. 210; Jodhpur, vii, 235,
23S ; Kabul, vii. 266 ; Kaiti, vii. 310 ;
Kangra, vii. 424 ; Karachi, vii. 448 ;
Karauli, vii. 472 ; Karnal, viii. 24 ;
Kheri, viii. 193 ; Kohat, viii. 247 ;
Korea, viii. 297 ; Kv'ilu, viii. 342 ;
Kumaun, viii. 354 ; Kuram, viii. 369 ;
Lahore, viii. 410 ; Lahul, viii. 422 ;
Lalitpur, viii. 452, 453 ; Larkhana,
viii. 463 ; Lohardaga, viii. 483 ; Luck-
now, viii. 497 ; Ludhiana, viii. 522 ;
Mainpuri, ix. 208 ; Western Malwa,
ix. 269 ; Manbhum, ix. 283 ; Meerut,
ix. 387 ; Midnapur, ix. 429 ; Mirzapur,
ix. 458 ; Montgomery, ix. 498; Morad-
abad, ix. 509 ; Muttra, x. 48 ; Muzaf-
fargarh, x, 61 ; Muzaffarnagar, x. 72 ;
Nadiya, x. 135 ; Nepal, x. 276; Nilgiri
Hills, X. 313 ; N.-W. Provinces, x. 377;
Pabna, x. 515 ; Palni Mountains, xi. 19 ;
Partabgarh, xi. 71 ; Patna, xi. loi ;
Peshawar, xi. 153 ; Pilibhit, xi. 175 ;
Pishin, xi. 190 ; Punjab, xi. 278 ; Kaj-
putana, xi. 418 ; Rajshahi, xi, 433 ;
Rawal Pindi, xii. 29 ; Rohtak, xii. 73 ;
Safipur, xii. 99 ; Saharanpur, xii. 120 ;
Santal Parganas, xii, 232 ; Saran, xii.
251. 255; Shahabad, xii. 329; Shah-
jahanpur, xii. 349 ; Sialkot, xii. 446 ;
Sibi, xii, 455 ; Sikkim, xii, 486 ; Sind,
xii. 520 ; Sirohi, xiii. 5 ; Sirsa, xiii. 16 ;
Sitapur, xiii. 34 ; Spiti, xiii. 73 ;
Tarai, xiii. 209 ; Udaipur, xiii. 404 ;
Yusufzai, xiii. 558.
Barlow, Sir G. H., Governor of Madras
(1807-13), ix. 67, ad interitn Go-
vernor-General (1805-07) ; mutiny of
Vellore, vi. 399.
Barmuara, State in Bombay, ii. 157.
Barmul Pass, mountain in Orissa, ii. 157.
Barnadi, river in Assam, ii. 157.
Barnagar, town in Central India, ii. 157,
Barnes, G. C, on begdr ox forced labour
in Kangra, vii. 422.
Baroda, Native State in Gujarat, ii. 157-
170; physical aspects, 158; popula-
tion, 158-160; history, 160- 164 ; mili-
tary force, 164 ; agriculture, 164 ; land
tenures, 164-166 ; means of communi-
cation, 166; administration; 166-169;
climate, 169, 170; article 'India,' vi.
322, 323 ; deposition of the late Gaek-
war for an attempt to poison the British
Resident, 323, 426.
Baroda, division of State, ii. 170.
Baroda, capital of State in Gujarat, ii.
170-173.
Baroda, agricultural village in Punjab,
ii. 173.
Barodsair, town in Central India, ii.
Baronda. See Baraunda.
Barot, town in N.-W. Provinces, ii. 173.
Barots. See Bhats.
Barpali, town and estate in Central Pro-
vinces, ii. 174.
Barpeta, town and Sub-division in Assam,
ii. 174.
Barrackpur, Sub-division in Bengal, ii.
174.
INDEX.
33
Barrackpur, town in Bengal, ii. 174-176.
Barros, De, quoted on Satgaon, xii. 2S6 ;
his map (1540) on the Twenty-four
Parganas, xiii. 390.
Barsana, town in N.-W. Provinces, ii.
Barsi, town and Sub-division in Bombay,
ii. 176.
Barsi-Takli, town in Berar, ii. 176.
Barsinghpur, town in Oudh, ii. 176, 177.
Barsoi, village in Bengal, ii. 177.
Bartholomew the Apostle, his preachings
in India certified by Pant^nus the
Alexandrian (2nd century), vi. 235 ;
conversion of India proper ascribed
to St. Bartholomew, and of Persia and
Central Asia to St. Thomas, according
to Hippolytus, vi. 235.
Barth's Religions of India, quoted, vi.
161 (footnote 2), and his Kevue de
mistoire des Religions, quoted, vi. 161
(footnote 2).
Bartolomeo, Fra Paolo, mentions canal
at Alleppi, i. 200 ; protests against
compulsory attendance of Christians
at Hindu festivals, i. 230 ; his mention
of Kanjarapalli, vii. 432 ; Kolachel,
viii. 272 ; Narakal, x. 203.
Barudpura. See Bharudpura.
Baruipur, Sub - division (formerly) in
Bengal, ii. 177.
Baruipur, town in Bengal, ii. 177.
Barul, iron-ore field in Bengal, ii. 177,
178.
Barunibunta, hills in Bengal, ii. 178.
Barur, town in Berar, ii. 178.
Barvva, estate in Madras, ii. 178. -
Barwa, town and port in Madras, ii. 178.
Barwai, pargaud in Central India, ii. 178.
Barwala, town in Bombay, ii. 178, 179.
Barwala, town and tahsil in Punjab,
ii. 179.
Barwan, town and pargand in Oudh,
ii. 179, I So.
Barwani, town and petty State in Central
India, ii. iSo, 181.
Barwar, town in Oudh, ii. 181.
Barwars, thieving tribe in Gonda, v. 1 51,
155. 156.
Barwa Sagar, town and lake in N.-W.
Provinces, ii. 181, 182.
Basahari, town in Central Provinces, ii.
182.
Basalat Jang, brother of Nizam Ali, made
Adoni his capital (1757-82), i. 27 ;
in Bellary, ii. 242 ; retained possession
of Guntur, guaranteed to him until his
death, iii. 469, v. 205 ; assisted French
intrigues, viii. 228.
Basanta or cattle small-pox. See Cattle
disease.
Basantar, stream in Punjab, ii. 182.
Basantia, village in Bengal, ii. .1S2.
VOL. XIV.
Basantpur, trading village in Bengal,
ii. 1S2.
Basera, village in N.-W. Provinces, ii.
182.
Bashahr, Hill State in Punjab, ii. 182,
Basi, town in Punjab, ii. 183.
Basim, District of Berar, ii. 183-188 ;
physical aspects, 183, 184 ; history,
184, 185 ; population, 185, 186 ; agri-
culture, 186, 187 ; manufactures and
trade, 187 ; administration, 187, 1S8 ;
meteorological aspects, 1S8.
Basim, taluk in Berar, ii. 188.
Basim, town in Berar, ii. 188, 189.
Basinakonda, rock in Madras, ii. 189.
Basi Tang, mountain range in Bengal,
ii. 189.
Basket-making, special mention of, in
Amritsar, i. 261 ; Anjengaon, i. 290 ;
Arakan Hill Tracts, i. 302 ; Bengal,
ii. 308 ; Daman, iv. 103 ; Dharampur,
iv. 249 ; Faridpur, iv. 297 ; Goalpara,
V. 117; Hugh, V. 496; Khasi Hills,
viii. 178; Kuch Behar, viii. 324;
Lakhimpur, viii. 434 ; Lohardaga,
viii. 485 ; Monghyr, ix. 487 ; Now-
gong, X. 412 ; Pabna, x. 517; Poona,
xi. 209 ; Rangpur, xi. 498 ; Sawant-
wari, xii. 297 ; the Sundarbans, xiii.
112; Tipperah, xiii. 319; Upper Sind
Frontier, xiii. 447.
Baskhari, town in Oudh, ii. 189.
Basoda, petty State in Central India,
ii. 189.
Basohli, tract of country in Punjab, ii. 1S9.
Basorhi, /a;;-^d:«rt in Oudh, ii. 189.
Basra, village in Bengal, ii. 190.
Basrur. See Barkalur.
Bassein, Sub-division in Bombay, ii. 190,
191, 192.
Bassein, town in Bombay, ii. 191, 192;
capture of, from the Portuguese by
theMarathas, article 'India,' vi. 320;
treaty of, at the conclusion of the second
Maratha war, vi. 323.
Bassein, District in Lower Burma, ii.
192-201 ; physical aspects, 192-194 ;
history, 194, 195 ; population, etc.,
195-197 ; agriculture, 197, 198 ; manu-
factures, etc., 198 ; commerce, 198,
199; revenue, etc., 199, 200; admini-
stration, 200, 201 ; climate, etc., 201.
Bassein, township in Lower Burma, ii.
201.
Bassein, town and port in Lower Burma,
ii. 201-203 ; trade, 202, 203.
Bassein, river in Lower Burma, ii. 203,
204.
Bastar, Native State in Central Provinces,
ii. 204, 20S.
Basti, District in N.-W. Provinces, ii.
208-214; physical aspects, 208, 209;
34
INDEX.
history, 209; population, 209, 210;
agriculture, 210, 211 ; land tenures,
211, 212; natural calamities, 212;
commerce and trade, 212, 213 ;
administration, 213 ; medical aspects,
213, 214.
Basti, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, ii. 214.
Basti Shekh, town in Punjab, ii. 214.
Basurhat, town and Sub-divibion in Ben-
gal, ii. 214, 215.
Basva Patna, village in Mysore, ii. 215.
Baswa, town in Rajputana, ii. 215.
Batala, town and tahsil in Punjab, ii.
215-
Batala. See Merangi.
Bates, Captain, quoted, on the view from
the Matan Temple, ix. 360.
Batesar, town in N.-W. Provinces, ii.
216.
Bathing festivals, special mention of, at
Allahabad, i. 199 ; Antra vedi, i. 294 ;
Anupshahr, i. 295 ; Badrpur, i. 41 1 ;
Baksar, i. 450; Ballabhpur, ii. 17; Ballia,
ii. 23; Batesar, ii. 216; Bausi,ii. 217; Bij-
naur, ii. 435 ; Bithur, iii. 20 ; Chagdah,
iii. 324; Cape Comorin, iv. 34 ; Mach-
kund, near Dholpur, iv. 278 ; Dohari-
ghat, iv. 312 ; Soron in Etah, iv. 364 ;
Shiurajpur in Fatehpur, iv. 429 ; Fatvva,
iv. 435 ; Chochakpur in Ghazipur, v.
69 ; Giriyak, v. 85 ; Gobardhrin, v.
121 ; in the Godavari, v. 132 ; Hard-
war, v. 333, 334 ; Jajpur, vii. tt, ;
Kapilmuni, vii. 441 ; in the Laksh-
mantirtha, viii. 443 ; Manikpur, ix.
321 ; Pariar, xi. 63 ; Pehoa, xi. 129 ;
Puri, xi. 318 ; Pushkar, xi. 335 ;
Rupar, xii. 83 ; Sadullapur, xii. 97 ;
Siddheswar, xii. 474 ; Sonpur, xiii.
63 ; Soron, xiii. 67 ; Sitakund, xiii. 99 ;
Tale-kaveri, xiii. 166 ; Thaneswar, xiii.
260 ; Tirthahalli, xiii. 323 ; Tribeni,
xiii. 354 ; Triniohini, xiii. 366 ; Sagar
Island, xiii. 390.
Bathudis, semi-Hinduized tribe in Keun-
jhar, viii. 120.
Batkagarh, Chiefship in Central Pro-
vinces, ii. 216.
Batten, J. H., Commissioner of Kumaun
(1848-56), viii. 351 ; his reforms there,
viii. 352 ; on the apparent prosperity
of the Tarai, xiii. 208.
Battle-fields, sites of battles in which
Europeans were engaged — Aligarh
(1803), i. 170; Aliwal (1846), i. 182;
Ambi'ir (1750), i. 230 ; Argaum (1803),
i. 329; Arni (1782), i. 332; Assaye
(1S03), i. 374, 375 ; Badrpur (1826), i.
411; Barmi'il Pass (1S03), ii. 157;
Baxar (1764), ii. 220; near Cawnpur
(1857), iii. 282, 283, 292; Chaitpet
(1782), iii. 325 ; Pandarkankra, near
Chanda(l8i8), iii. 350 ; Chatra(i857),
iii- 374, 375 ; Chengama Pass (1767),
iii. 390; Chhota Udaipur (1858), iii.
405 ; Chilambaram (1749), iii. 412 ;
Chilianwala (1849), iii. 414, 415 ; Pul-
lahir, near Conjevaram (1780), iv. 27 ;
Dausa (1858), iv. 161 ; Badli-ka-
Sarai, near Delhi (1857), iv. 194;
Deonthal (1815), iv. 204 ; Dig (1S04),
iv. 286; Donabyu (1825, 1853), iv.
313, xiii. 289; East Fatehganj (1774),
iv. 418; West Fatehganj (1795), iv.
419,420; Firozshah (1845), iv. 449;
Gheria (1765), v. 73 ; Condore, in
Godavari (1758), v. 124; Gujrat
(1849), v. 190, 196 ; Kakrala (1858),
vii. 312 ; Kalpi (1858), vii. 342; Kan-
dahar (1842), vii. 394, (1880), vii. 397 ;
Kaveripak (1752), viii. 105 ; Kirki
(1817), viii. 221 ; Korigaum (1818),
viii. 298, 299 ; Laswari (1803), viii.
466 ; near Lucknow (1857, 1858), viii.
513-515 ; Maharajpur (1843), ix. 166 ;
Malagarh, ix. 235 ; Malvalli (1799),
ix. 266; Mangor (1S43), i^^- 3i6 ;
Mangrol (1821), ix. 317; Mehidpur
(1817), ix. 398; Mianganj (1857), ix.
421 ; Miani (1843), ix. 422; Miranpur
Katra (1774), ix. 441 ; Mudki (1845),
ix. 528 ; Nagina (1858), x. 160 ; Nag-
pur (1817, 1818), X. 167, 168 ; Najaf-
garh Jhil (1857), x. 179; Nandarthan
(1817), X. 189; Nargiind (1857), x.
211; Nawabganj (1857), x. 248;
Nichlaval, x. 294 ; Padmanabham
(1794), X. 525, xiii. 486; Pandarkaura
(1S18), xi. 35, xiii. 540; Pandharpur
(1817), xi. 37 ; Panniar(i843), xi. 51 ;
Patiali (1857), xi. 90; Pegu (1852,
1853), xi. 128; Perambakam (1780,
1781), xi. 136; Plassey(i757), xi. 193,
194; Ponani (1782), xi. 197; Porto
Novo (1781), xi. 222 ; Ramghat (1763),
xi. 449 ; Ramnagar (1848), xi. 452 ;
Sadullapur (1849), xii. 97 ; St.
Thomas' Mount (1759), xii. 143, 144;
Sandila (1S57), xii. 19S ; Satyaman-
galam (1790), xii. 291 ; Sholinghar
(1781), xii. 422, 423 ; Shwe-maw-daw
(1852), xii. 437 ; Sitabaldi (1818), xiii.
24 ; Sobraon (1846), xiii. 45 ; Suti
(1763), xiii. 140; Syriam (1824), xiii.
159 ; Tisua (1774), xiii. 334 ; Trichino-
P"ly(i753), >:ii'- 357; Udhimala(i763);
xiii. 415 ; Umarkher (1819), xiii. 420 ;
Unao (1857), xiii. 437; Wandiwash
(1760), xiii. 518. See also Sieges.
Battle-fields, sites of battles in which
Asiatics only were engaged — Akola
(1790), i. 146; Ajmere (1659), i. 121,
122; Ammayanayakanur (1741), i. 244;
Amner, i. 244, 245; Balapur (1721),
i. 459; Baldiabari (1756), ii. II, 12;
INDEX.
35
Beliapatam, ii. 240; Bellary, ii. 251;
Biana (1527), ii. 418; Bihar, ii.
421 ; Chausa (1539), iii. 378 ; Chilam-
baram (1750), iii. 412; Damalcherri
Pass (1740), iv. loi ; Delhi (1398),
iv. 192 ; Derband (1827), iv. 229 ;
Dhampur (1750), iv. 241 ; Dublana
(1744), iv. 317; Fatehkhelda (1724),
iv. 422 ; Gheria (1740), v. 73 ; Ghugus
(1700), V. 75 ; Gopamau (1033),
V. 162 ; Halani (1781), v. 294 ;
Jamrud (1837), vii. 133 ; Kalpi (i477)>
vii. 342; Kanauj (1540), vii. 386;
Kandahar (1881), vii. 398; Kasmandi
Kalau (1030), viii. 83; Katwa, viii.
102 ; Khanua (1526), viii. 164; Kharda
(1795), viii. 166; Mandla (1564), ix.
302 ; Mataundh, ix. 362 ; Mayakonda
(1748), ix. 376, 377 ; Merta(i754), ix.
415; Muktsar (1705), ix. 534; Palu-
pare, xi. 20 ; Pandharpur ( 1 774), xi.
37; Panduah (1340), xi. 39; Panipat
(1526, 1556, 1 761), xi. 44-47; Rasan,
xi. 513; Ratanpur (1705), xi. 516;
Rattihalli (1764), xii. 14 ; Rawal Pindi,
xii. 36 ; Selu, xii. 307 ; Shimoga
(1791), xii. 406 ; Sihonda (1630), xii.
475; Sikandarabad (1736), xii. 478;
Singaurgarh, xii. 529 ; Sukkur (1833),
xiii. 94 ; Susuman, xiii. 139 ; Talikot
(1565), xiii. 167; Tandan (1660),
xiii. 176 ; Ujjain (1658), xiii. 417 ;
Vattila-gundu (1768), xiii. 464; Vypin
Island (1503), xiii. 504. See also
Sieges.
Bauliari, seaport in Bombay, ii. 216.
Bauphal, town in Bengal, ii. 216.-
Baupur. See Berhampore.
Baurgarh, hill in Central Provinces, ii.
217.
Bauris (Baoris), semi - Ilinduized tribe
in Bankura, ii. 78, 81 ; Bardwan,
ii. 127, 129 ; coal miners, ii. 133 ;
Bengal, ii. 296 ; Karharbari coal-fields;
viii. 9 ; Raniganj coal-fields, xi. 505 ;
included with the Santals in the Santal
Parganas, xii. 230.
Eausi, village in Bengal, ii. 217.
Bavanapadu, town and port in Madras,
ii. 217.
Bavra, petty Chiefship in Bombay, ii.
217, 218.
Bavra, town in Bombay, ii. 218.
Baw, river in Burma, ii. 218.
Bawal, town in Punjab, ii. 218.
Bawan, town and pargand in Oudh, ii.
218, 219.
Bawan Buzurg, town in Oudh, ii. 219.
Bawigiri, village in Assam, ii. 219.
Bawisi, tributary State in Bombay, ii.
ii. 219.
Baxa, Sub-division in Bengal, ii. 219.
Baxa, cantonment in Bengal, ii. 219, 220.
Baxar, Sub-division in Bengal, ii. 220.
Baxar, town in Bengal, ii. 220 ; defeat of
the Mughal and Oudh armies at, by
Major Munro, vi. 386.
Baxar Canal, on the Son system, ii. 220,
221.
Baxar. See Baksar.
Bays, Agoada, i. 58, 59 ; Auckland, i.
384; Karachi, vii. 452 ; Palk's, xi. Ii,
12.
Baynes' Hill. See Nundidrug.
Bayra, grain depot in Bengal, ii. 221.
Bayra Bil, marsh in Bengal, ii. 221.
Bazargaon, village in Central Provinces,
ii. 221.
Bazitpur. See Bajitpur.
Beacons. See Lighthouses.
Beadon, Sir Cecil, Lieutenant-Governor
of Bengal (1862-67), ii. 279.
Beal, Samuel, Si-yu-ki, or Buddhist Re-
cord of the Western World, translated
from the Chinese of Hiuen Tsiang,
quoted, vi. 2 (footnote) ; 137 (footnote
2); 154. 155 (footnote 3); 155 (foot-
note 2); 175 (footnote l) ; Catena of
Buddhist Scriptures from the Chinese,
142 (footnotes) ; 147 (footnote 2) ; 151
(footnote i) ; 157 (footnote 2) ; (foot-
note 2) ; 204 (footnote 2).
Beames, Mr. John, Comparative Gram-
mar of the Modern Aryan Languages
of India, vi. 67 (footnote) ; 103 (foot-
note) ; 335 and footnote ; 337 (foot-
note 2) ; 339 and footnote.
Bears, special mention of, article ' India,'
vi. 655. Local notices — Mount Abu,
i. 6 ; Ahmadnagar, i. loO ; Akola, i.
141 ; Anantapur, i. 274 ; Arakan Hill
Tracts, i. 299 ; North Arcot, i. 312 ;
South Arcot, i. 320 ; Assam, i. 349 ;
Bankura, ii. 78, 79 ; Bannu, ii. 90 ;
Bardwan, ii. 127 ; Basim, ii. 184 ;
Bellary, ii. 241 ; Bhutan, ii. 414 ;
Bombay Presidency, iii. 46 ; Buldana,
iii. 143 ; Upper Burma, iii. 212 ;
Cachar, iii. 234 ; Chamba, iii. 329 ;
Chang Bhakar, iii. 366 ; Chhindwara,
iii- 399 > Chitaldrug, iii. 423 ; Chitta-
gong Hill Tracts, iii. 448 ; Cochin, iv.
2 ; Coimbatore, iv. 15 ; Cuddapah, iv.
48 ; Darjiling, iv. 130 ; Dehra Dun,
iv. 169 ; Dhar, iv. 246 ; Dharwar, iv.
259 ; Eastern Dwars, iv. 329 ; Gaya,
v. 45 ; Godavari, v. 123 ; Gonda, v.
147 ; Gwalior, v. 229 ; Hassan, v.
346 ; Hazaribagh, v. 370 ; Hill Tip-
perah, v. 395 ; Himalaya Mountains,
V. 409; Hindu Kush, v. 419; Jalpai-
guri, vii. 109; Kadur, vii. 283 ; Kam-
rup, vii. 355 ; North Kanara, vii. 370 ;
Kangra, vii. 413 ; Karachi, vii. 445 ;
Karauli, vii. 471 ; Kashmir, viii. 68 ;
Khandesh, viii. 150 ; Kolaba, viii.
36
i.vrEx.
261 ; Kolar, viii. 273 ; Kotah, viii. ■^04;
Kote-betta, viii. 311 ; Kulu, viii. 338 ;
Kumaun, viii. 349 ; Lakhimpur, viii.
427 ; Lalitpur, viii. 447 ; Lohardaga,
viii. 477 ; Madras Presidency, ix. 8,
89; Madura, ix. 121 ; Maimansingh,
ix. 192 ; Malabar, ix. 220 ; Malwa, ix.
268 ; Manbhum, ix. 279 ; Manipur,
ix. 325 ; Midnapur, ix. 425 ; Mirzapur,
ix. 453 ; Monghyr, ix. 481 ; Mysore, x.
115 ; Nallamalai Hills, x. 185 ; Nasik,
X. 228 ; Nellore, x. 262 ; Nilgiri Hills,
1 X. 307 ; Nimar, x. 328 ; Palkonda
Hills, xi. II ; Palni Mountains, xi. 17 ;
Rajagriha Hills, xi. 94 ; Patna State, xi.
115; Phuljhar, xi. 168; Pishin, xi.
188 ; Poli'ir, xi. 197 ; Poona, xi. 200 ;
Punjab, xi. 259 ; Raipur, xi. 368 ;
Rampa, xi. 454 ; Ratnagiri, xii. 4 ;
Rewa Kantha, xii. 49 ; Salem, xii.
152; Sandur, xii. 206; Santal Parganas,
xii. 227 ; Sargangarh, xii. 260 ; Satara,
xii. 277 ; Shahabad, xii. 324 ; Shevaroy
Hills, xii. 383 ; Shimoga, xii. 400 ;
Sibsagar, xii. 460 ; Singhbhum, xii.
531 ; Sirmur, xii. 554 ; Sirohi, xiii. 2 ;
Siwalik Hills, xiii. 43 ; Sural, xiii.
120 ; Tarai, xiii. 208 ; Tavoy, xiii. 229 ;
Thayet-myo, xiii. 279 ; Travancore,
xiii. 345 ; Trichinopoli, xiii. 355 ;
Tumkur, xiii. 376 ; Wiin, xiii. 539.
Beas, river in Punjab, ii. 221, 222.
Beast stories and fables, vi. 127.
Beast hospitals. See Animals, hospitals
for.
Beauleah. See Rampur Beauleah.
Beawar, town in Rajputana, ii. 222.
Bechraji, temple in Bombay, ii. 222.
Bedam, estate in Madras, ii, 222.
Bedanga, town in Bengal, ii. 222.
Bedars or Bagas, hunting caste to which
palegdrs of Chitaldrup. belonged, iii.
423 ; numerous in that District, iii.
425 ; Sandur, xii. 208 ; Shorapur, xii.
423, 424.
Beddadanol, village in Madras, ii. 223.
Beddome, Col., his works on Indian
botany, ix. 81.
Bedi Khem Singh, founded girls' schools
in Rawal Pindi and Jehlam, xii. 34.
Bedingfield, Lt., murdered by the Khasis
(1829), viii. 171.
Bedis, descendants of Baba Guru Nanak
at Hujra, v. 501.
Bediyas, semi-Hinduized gipsy clan in
Lower Bengal, vi. 71.
Bedla, town in Rajputana, ii. 223.
Bednor, town in Rajputana, ii. 223.
Beehea. See Bihiya.
Beerbhoom. See Birbhum.
Beeswax and honey, jungle produce.
See Honey.
Beeswax-refining, in Hariana, v. 338.
Begamabad, town in N.-W. Provinces, ii.
223.
Beglar, J. D., quoted on temple at Buddh
Gaya, iii. 126 ; on the identification
of the Erannoboas, xiii. 51.
Begu Sarai, Sub-division in Bengal, ii.
223.
Behar, Province in Bengal, ii. 223-227 ;
physical aspects, 224 ; population,
225-227 ; history, 227.
Behar, Sub-division in Bengal, ii. 227, 228.
Behar, town in Bengal, ii. 228.
Behir, village and tahsil in Central
Provinces, ii. 228, 229.
Behri. See Beri.
Behror, town in Rajputana, ii. 229.
Behti, village in Oudh, ii. 229.
Behti Kalan, town in Oudh, ii. 229.
Beja. See Bija.
Bekal, town in Madras, ii. 229.
Bela, town in Oudh, ii. 230.
Bela, agricultural town in Central Pro-
vinces, ii. 230.
Belagavi, village in Mysore, ii. 230.
Belamarapalavalasa, estate in Madras,
ii. 230.
Belapur, seaport in Bombay, ii. 230.
Beldanga. See Bedanga.
Belgaum, District in Bombay, ii. 230-238;
physical aspects, 231, 232 ; history,
232 ; population, 232, 233; agriculture,
233-235;. trade, etc., 235, 236; ad-
ministration, 236, 237; medical aspects,
237, 238.
Belgaum, Sub-division in Bombay, ii. 238.
Belgaum, town in Bombay, ii. 238, 239.
Belgharia, village in Bengal, ii. 239.
Bella Narayanpur, village in Bengal, ii.
Beliapatam, river in Madras, ii. 239.
Beliapatam, town in Madras, ii. 239, 240.
Belikeri, seaport in Bombay, ii. 240.
Belka, trading village in Bengal, ii. 240.
Belkhera, village in Central Provinces,
ii. 240.
Bellagiipa, village in Madras, ii. 240.
Bellamkonda, hill in Madras, ii. 240.
Bellary, District in Madras, ii. 240-250 ;
physical aspects, 241 ; history, 241-243 ;
population, 243, 244 ; agriculture, 245,
246 ; natural calamities, 246, 247 ;
commerce and trade, 247 ; administra-
tion, 247-249 ; medical aspects, 249,
250.
Bellary, tdhik in Madras, ii. 250.
Bellary, town in Madras, ii. 250, 251.
Bellavi, village in Mysore, ii. 251.
Bellew, Dr., on the population of Kanda-
har, vii. 390 ; of Khelat, viii. 188 ; of
Ladakh, viii. 397 ; on the Mula Pass,
ix. 536 ; on the Safed Koh Mountains,
xii. 97.
Bell-founding, article ' India,' vi. 607.
INDEX.
37
Local notices — Lower Burma, iii. 198 ;
Upper Burma, iii. 218 ; Dhampur, iv.
241 ; Mandalay, ix. 290 ; Nepal, x. 2S4.
Bell-metal ware, manufactured at Bhag-
wantnagar, ii. 355 ; Bhatgaon, ii. 377 ;
Dignagar, iv. 287 ; Jalor, vii. 107 ; Kora,
viii. 295 ; Mandla, ix. 307 ; Chichli, x.
222 ; Nellore, x. 269 ; Nepal, x. 284 ;
Nowgong, X. 412 ; Raigarh, xi. 362 ;
Rajshahi, xi. 436 ; Sambalpur, xii.
183 ; Santal Parganas, xii. 234 ; Sib-
sagar, xii. 468, 469 ; Bandhua in
Sultanpur, xiii. loi.
Belo, village in Bombay, ii. 251.
Belona, town in Central Provinces, ii. 252.
Belsand Kalan, village in Bengal, ii. 252.
Beluchi, town in Bengal, ii. 240.
Belur, village and taluk in Mysore, ii.
252.
Ben, stream in Punjab, ii. 252, 253.
Benares, Division in N.-W. Provinces, ii.
253. 254-
Benares, District in N.-W. Provinces, ii.
254-262 ; physical aspects, 254, 255 ;
history, 255-257 ; population, 257,
258 ; agriculture, 258, 259 ; natural
calamities, 259, 260 ; commerce and
trade, etc., 260 ; administration, 260,
261 ; medical aspects, 261, 262.
Benares, city in N.-W. Provinces, ii.
262-267 ; history, 263, 264 ; general
appearance, architecture, etc., 264-266;
manufactures, trade, etc., 266, 267.
Benares, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces, ii.
267.
Benares, estate in N.-W. Provinces, ii.
267, 268.
Bendamurlanka. See Bandamurlanka.
Benett, W. C, Introduction to the Otidh
Gazeteer, used, x. 484-496 ; on Sahet
Mahet, xii. 129-134.
Benfey, Prof., article ' India ' (published
in Ersch and Gruber's Encyclopcrdie),
quoted, vi. no (footnote 2); believes
Sopara to be Solomon's Ophir, xiii. 65.
Bengal, Presidency in British India, ii.
268.
Bengal, Province of British India, ii.
269-323 ; physical aspects, 270, 271 ;
rivers, 271-273 ; mineral products —
coal, 273, 274 ; salt manufacture, 274 ;
iron, 274, 275 ; history, 275, 276 ;
early Muhamniadan governors of, 276 ;
independent Muhamniadan kings, 277 ;
under the Afghan or Pathan dynasty,
277 ; governors of, under the Mughal
dynasty, 278 ; governors of and
governors-general of India under the
East India Company (1765 -1854),
279 ; under lieutenant-governors, 279 ;
English connection with, 279-281 ;
population — administrative divisions,
281-284 ; general survey of the popu-
lation, 2S4-28S ; popular religions,
28S-290 ; theistic movements, 290,
291 ; aboriginal creeds, 291, 292 ; early
estimates of population, 292 ; density,
292, 293 ; nationalities, 293 ; Muham-
madans, 293, 294 ; Europeans and
Eurasians, 294, 295 ; Asiatics, other
than natives of India, 295 ; Chris-
tians, 295 ; aboriginal tribes, 295-297 ;
recognised Hindus, 296, 297 ; classi-
fication according to sex and age,
297, 298 ; urban and rural population,
298-300 ; condition of the people,
300-302 ; agriculture, 302-308 ; rice,
302, 303 ; oil-seeds, 303 ; jute, 303 ;
indigo, 2,<^^, 304 ; tea, 304 ; opium,
304, 305 ; cinchona, 305 ; forests, 305,
306 ; system of land tenures, 306 ;
rates of rent, 306, 307 ; Government
estates, 307 ; wards' estates, 307 ; sur-
veys, 307, 308 ; settlements, 308 ;
manufactures, 308, 309 ; silk, 309 ;
sugar, 309; saltpetre, 309; steam-mills,
309, 310; internal trade, 310, 311;
foreign trade, 311, 312; roads, 312,
313 ; railways, 313-31 5 ; canals, 315 ;
admini-itration, 315, 316; revenue and
expenditure, 317-319 ; military force,
319 ; police and criminal and civil jus-
tice, 319, 320; education, 320, 321;
newspapers, 321 ; climate, 321, 322 ;
medical aspects, vital statistics, 322 ;
conclusion, 322, 323.
Bengal, early English settlements in,
vi. 368-385 ; first permission to trade
(1634), 368 ; factories at Hugh, Balasor,
and Kasimbazar, 369, 370; Bengal
separated from Madras, 370 ; English
in Bengal and their early factories, 380 ;
native rulers of Bengal (1707-56),
Murshid Kuli Khan, All Vardi Khan,
and Siraj-ud-daula, 380, 381 ; capture
of Calcutta, the ' Black Hole,' and
battle of Plassey, 38 1, 382 ; Mir Jafar
(1757-60), 383, 385 ; Permanent Settle-
ment of (1793), 441-445-
Bengali literature and authors, vi. 340-
354 > geographical area and linguistic
features of the Bengali language, 347 ;
Sanskritizing tendency of Bengali, 347 ;
the three periods of Bengali literature,
347, 348 ; court poets of Bengal in the
14th and 15th centuries, 348 ; Vishnuite
and Sivaite religious poetry, 349, 350 ;
Makunda Ram and the stories of
Kalketu, and the Srimanta Sadagar,
350, 351 ; Kasi Ram Das, the translator
of the Mahabharata, 351 ; Ram Prasad,
court poet of Nadiya in the 1 8th century,
352 ; Bengali prose in the 19th century,
and modern Bengali poets and authors,
353. 354-
Beni, town in Central Provmces, u. 323.
38
INDEX.
Beniganj, towTi in Oudh, ii. 323.
Beni-Israel, tribe of Jewish descent,
chiefly oil-pressers in Janjira, vii. 138 ;
described in Kolaba, viii. 265, 266.
Beni Rasulpur, village in Bengal, ii. 323.
Bentinck, Lord William, Governor-
General of India (1828-35), article
' India,' vi. 404-406 ; his financial
reforms, abolition of Sati, suppression
of Thagi, 405 ; the renewal of the
Company's Charter, 405, 406 ; Mysore
taken under British administration, and
Coorg annexed, 406. Local notices—
Encouraged tea-planting in Assam, i.
365 ; his statue at Calcutta, iii. 250 ;
intervened in Coorg, iv. 30 ; purchased
Darjiling, iv. 131 ; Governor of Madras
(1803-07), ix. 67 ; demanded reforms in
Oudh, X. 491.
Benugarh, fort in Bengal, ii. 323.
Benyon, Richard, Governor of Madras
(1735-43), ix- 66.
Berars, The, handed over to the British
by the Nizam, as a territorial guaran-
tee for arrears of subsidy and for the
pay of the Haidarabad contingent,
V. 415. See Hyderabad Assigned
Districts.
Berdi, town in Central Provinces, ii.
323-
Berhampur, tdhik in Madras, ii. 324.
Berhampur, town and cantonment in
INIadras, ii. 324.
Berhampur, town in Bengal, ii. 324, 325.
Beri, petty State in Central India, ii.
325-
Beri, town in Punjab, ii. 325, 326.
Beri-beri, a rheumatic affection prevalent
in Godavari, v. 130 ; Maldive Islands,
ix. 252; Vizagapatam, xiii. 497.
Beria, town in Central Provinces, ii. 326.
Beridi, estate in Madras, ii. 326.
Bernard, Sir C, Chief Commissioner of
British Burma (1880), iii. 176.
Berni, agricultural town in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, ii. 326.
Bernier, M., describes retreat of Dara's
troops after their defeat by Aurangzeb
(1659), 1. 122 ; his account of the
conquest of Sandwip Island (1665),
xii. 210.
Beronda, State. See Baraunda.
Berul, village in Central Provinces, ii.
326.
Beryl, found in iNIysore, x. 92.
Beschi, Father, Jesuit missionary and
Tamil scholar, article ' India,' vi. 245,
253> 333- Local notices — In ^Madras,
ix. 25 ; the last of the jNIadura Jesuits,
ix. 126 ; lived some time at Kayatar
in Tinnevelli, xiii. 303.
Betagaon, village in Oudh, ii. 326. See
Bhetargaon.
Betanga, trading village in Bengal, ii. 326.
Betawad, town in Bombay, ii. 326.
Betel-leaf or/a«, cultivation of,at Ahmad-
nagar, i. 103 ; Akola, i. 143 ; Akyab,
i. 156 ; Anantapur, i. 277 ; Anjengaon,
i. 290; North Arcot, i. 316; Assam,
i. 362 ; Badnera, i. 409 ; Bakarganj,
i. 445 ; Balihiri, ii. 13 ; Bankura, ii.
83; Bardwan, ii. 130 ; Baruipur, ii.
177; Bengal, ii. 271, 304; Bogra,
iii. 29 ; Biindi, iii. 159 ; Chanda, iii.
352 ; Chittagong, iii. 439,440 ; Cochin,
iv. 5 ; Cuttack, iv. 71 ; Dacca, iv. 85 ;
Dinajpur, iv. 294 ; Eastern Dwars, iv.
333 ; Faridpur, iv. 403 ; Garhbori, v.
14 ; Garo Hills, v. 31 ; Gaya, v. 49 ;
Goalpara, v. 116; Hasilpur, v. 344;
Hazaribagh, v. 375 ; Howrah, v. 463 ;
Hugh, v. 494 ; Jalgaon, vii. 105 ;
Jalgaon-Jambod, vii. 106 ; Jessor, vii.
187 ; North Kanara, vii. 372 ; Kar-
kamb, viii. 13 ; Khasi Hills, viii. 177 ;
Khyrim, viii. 215 ; Kolar, viii. 276 ;
Lalitpur, viii. 453 ; Lohardaga, viii.
483 ; Madras, viii. 28, 30 ; Maiman-
singh, ix. 195 ; Ratlam in Western
Malwa, ix. 269 ; IManbhum, ix. 283 ;
Midnapur, ix. 429 ; Mirzapur, ix.
458 ; Nadiya, x. 135 ; Neotini, x.
274 ; Nowgong, x. 41 1 ; Orissa,
X. 459; Pabna, x. 516; Parseoni,
xi. 67 ; Partabgarh, xi. 71 ; Puri,
xi, 306 ; Ramtek, xi. 465 ; Rang-
pur, xi. 496 ; Saran, xii. 255 ; Sav-
anur, xii. 293 ; Shahabad, .xii. 329 ;
Sibsagar, xii. 466 ; Sinnar, xii. 545 ;
Sitapur, xiii. 35 ; the Sundarbans, xiii.
112 ; Tanjore, xiii. 187 ; Tinnevelli,
xiii. 306 ; Tipperah, xiii. 317 ; Tum-
kur, xiii. 381.
Betel nut. See Areca palms.
Betgari, trading village in Bengal, ii. 326.
Bethlen, Count, his estimate of the popu-
lation of Upper Burma, iii. 213.
Beti, village in Oudh. See Behti.
Betigeri, town in Bombay, ii. 326, 327.
Betmangala, village and tdhtk in Mysore,
ii. 327.
Bettadpur, mountain in Mysore, u. 327.
Bettia, Sub-division in Bengal, ii. 327.
Bettia, town in Bengal, ii. 327, 328.
Bettur, village in Mysore, ii. 328.
Betul, District in Central Provinces,
ii. 329-333 ; physical aspects, 328,
329 ; history, 329, 330 ; population,
33O1 331 ; division into town and
country, 331 ; agriculture, 331, 332 ;
commerce and trade, 332 ; administra-
tion, 332, 333 ; medical aspects, 333.
Betul, /rt/w// in Central Provinces, ii. 333,
334- ^ .
Betul, town in Central Pro\nnces, 11. 334.
Betulpindangadi, town in Madras, ii. 334.
INDEX.
39
Betwa, river in Bimclelkhand, ii. 334.
Betwa Canal, famine insurance work in
Bundelkhand, vi. 533.
Bevan, Major, first grew coffee in the
Wainad, as a curiosity, ix. 31.
Beypur, town and port in Madras, ii.
335-
Beypur, river in Madras, 11. 335, 336.
Beyt, island in Bombay, ii. 336.
Bezwada, town and tdhik in Madras, ii. 336.
Bgai, principal tribe of the Karens, viii. 3.
Bhabhar, State and town. See Babhar.
Bhabua, town and Sub-division in Bengal,
"• 337-
Bhachav, town in Bombay, ii. 337.
Bhadarsa, town in Oudh, ii. 337.
Bhadarwa, petty State in Bombay, ii. 337.
Bhadaur, town in Patiala State, ii. 337.
Bhadaura, petty State in Central India,
"• 337> 338.
Bhadbhut, village and place of pilgrimage
in Bombay, ii. 338.
Bhadgaon, town in Bombay, ii. 33S.
Bhodli, petty State in Bombay, ii. 338.
Bhadora. See Bhadaura.
Bhadra, river in Mysore, ii. 338, 339.
Bhadra, Chiefship in Central Provinces,
ii. 339.
Bhadra Bahu, Jain leader, died at Shra-
van-belgola when taking colony from
Ujjain, vii. 425.
Bhadrachalam, town, taluk, and estate in
Madras, ii. 339, 340.
Bhadrakh, village and Sub-division in
Bengal, ii. 340.
Bhadreswar, village in Bombay, ij. 340.
Bhadreswar, town in Bengal, ii. 340,
341-
Bhadri, town in Oudh, ii. 341.
Bhadron, town in Bombay, ii. 341.
Bhadwa, petty State in Bombay, ii. 341.
Bhadwana, petty State in Bombay, ii.
341-
Bhaz. See Land tenures.
Bhaga, mountain river in Punjab.
Bhagabatipur, village in Bengal, ii. 341.
Bhagalpur, Division in Bengal, ii. 341-
343-
Bhagalpur, District in Bengal, ii. 343-
352 ; physical aspects, 343-345 ; his-
tory, 345, 346 ; population, 346, 347 ;
division of the people into town and
country, 347 ; demon-worship, 347 ;
antiquities, 348 ; agriculture, 348, 349 ;
natural calamities, 349, 350 ; commerce
and trade, etc., 350; administration,
350, 351 ; medical aspects, 351, 352.
Bhagalpur, Sub-division in Bengal, ii.
352.
Bhagalpur, town in Bengal, n. 352, 353.
Bhagalpur, town in N.-W. Provinces, ii.
Bhagamandal, village in Madras, ii. 353.
Bhagats, Bhil ascetics in Mahi Kantha,
ix. 178.
Bhagirathi, offshoot of Ganges, in Lower
Bengal, ii. 353, 354.
Bhagirathi, river in Garhwal State, N.-W.
Provinces, ii. 354; the source and head-
waters of the Ganges, vi. 16.
Bhagtia Thapa, Gurkha general, killed
in the attack on Deonthal (181 5), iv.
204.
Bhagwa, seaport in Bombay, ii. 354.
Bhagwangola, river mart in Bengal, ii.
354, 355- ^ .
Bhagwantnagar, town and pargana m
Oudh, ii. 355.
Bhagwant Singh, Oudh bandit, had his
fort at Atwa, i. 384 ; operations against
(1 841), X. 492-494-.
Bhai, town in Oudh, ii. 355.
Bhaimias. See Baigas.
Bhainsror, town and fort in Rajputana,
ii. 355, 356.
Bhainswal, village in N.-W. Provinces, ii.
356.
Bhairabi, river in Assam, 11. 356.
Bhairagnia, village in Bengal, ii. 356.
Bhairoghati, temple and pass in N.-W.
Provinces, ii. 356, 357.
Bhaisaunda, Chiefship in Central India,
ii- 357-
Bhajji, Hill State in Punjab, ii. 375.
Bhakkar, tahsil in Punjab, ii. 357.
Bhakkar, town in Punjab, ii. 357, 358.
Bhakta-Mala, the Y{xa.h\y Acta Sanctorum,
vi. 208.
Bhalala, petty State in Bombay, ii. 358.
Bhalgam Buldhoi, petty State in Bombay,
ii- 35S.
Bhalgamra, petty State in Bombay, ii.
35S.
Bhals, a Rajput clan, part Hindu, part
Muhammadan, in Bulandshahr, iii.
Bhalusna, chiefship and town m Bombay,
ii. 358. ^ _.
Bham, town (deserted) in Berar, ii. 358,
359-
Bhambore, ruined city in Bombay, n. 359.
Bhamgarh, town in Central Provinces, ii.
359-
Bhamragtiri. See Bhomoragun.
Bhan, village in Bombay, ii. 359.
Bhandak, pargana in Central Provinces,
ii- 359-
Bhandak, town in Central Provmces, n.
359, 360.
Bhandara, District m Central Provmces,
ii. 360-367; physical aspects, 360,
361; history, 361, 362; population,
362 - 364 ; agriculture, 364, 365 ;
commerce and trade, 365, 366 ;
administration, 366, 367 ; medical
aspects, 367.
^o
INDEX.
Bhandara, town in Central Provinces, ii.
367, 368.
Bhandaria, petty State in Bombay, ii.
368.
Bhander, ancient town in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, ii. 36S.
Bhandesvvar, hill in Bengal, ii. 368.
Bhandup, seaport in Bombay, ii. 168.
Bhanga, trading village in Bengal, ii.
168.
Bhangarhat, village in Bengal, ii. 368,
369-
Bhangha, town in Oudh, ii. 369.
Bhangoda, estate in Madras, ii. 369.
See Bissemkatak.
Bhangrya, celebrated dakait leader,
captured at Pandharpur (1849), xi. 37,
38.
Bhanpura, estate in Central Provinces,
ii. 369.
Bhanpura, town and pargand in Central
India, ii. 369.
Bhanrer, hill range in Central Provinces,
ii. 369.
Bhantus, Hindu robber tribe, wandering
in gangs in Budaun, iii. 120.
Bhanwad, town in Kathiawar, ii. 369.
Bhaoli, land tenure in Monghyr, ix. 485.
Bharat Chandra Rai, Bengali poet of
the i8th century, vi. 352.
Bharawan, town in Oudh, ii. 369.
Bhardagarh, estate in Central Provinces,
ii; 369. 370.
Bharejda, petty State in Bombay, ii. 370.
Bhareng, valley and pargand in Kash-
mir, ii. 370.
Bharengi, river of Kashmir, ii. 370.
Bhargavi, river of Bengal, ii. 370.
Bhars, aboriginal and formerly dominant
race in Oudh, now a crushed tribe,
article 'India,' vi. 71, 187; present
descendants of, 187. Local notices —
Specially numerous or noteworthy in
Azamgarh, i. 395 ; Ballia, ii. 20 ; Bara
Banki, ii. 107 ; Benares, ii. 253 ;
Burhapara, iii. 165 ; Farukhabad, iv.
410 ; Ghazipur, v. 66 ; Gonda, v. 151 ;
Gorakhpur, v. 168, 169 ; their history
in Lucknow, viii. 495 ; Manbhum, ix.
2S0 ; Mirzapur, ix. 456 ; their history
in Oudh, x. 485, 4S6 ; numbers there,
X. 498.
Barthna, village and tahsil in N.-W.
Provinces, ii. 370.
Bhartpur, State in Rajputana, ii. 371-
375 ; history, 372-375 ; administration,
375-
Bhartpur, town and fortress in Rajput-
ana, ii. 375, 376 ; repulse of Lord
Lake before, vi. 398 ; capture of, by
Lord Combermere, 404.
Bharudpura, petty State in Central India,
ii. 376.
Bhaskar Rao (Baba Sahib), chief of Nar-
gund, rebelled (1857) and murdered
Mr. Masson, x. 211.
Bhasmangi, hill in Mysore, ii. 376.
Bhatala, village in Central Provinces, ii.
376.^
Bhatgaon, estate in Central Provinces, ii.
376-.
Bhatgaon, village in Central Provinces,
ii; 376.
Bhatgaon, town in Bengal, ii. 376, 377.
Bhatgaon, town in Nepal, ii. 377.
Bhathan, petty State in Bombay, ii. 377.
Bhati, coast-strip of the Sundarbans, ii.
377-
Bhatkal, town in Bombay, ii. 377, 37S.
Bhatkuli, town in Berar, ii. 378.
Bhatnair, town and fort in Rajputana, ii.
378.
Bhatpur, village in Oudh, ii. 378.
Bhats or Barots, genealogists of the
Rajputs. See jodhpur, vii. 237 ;
Kaira, vii. 302, 303 ; Raipur, xi. 372 ;
Rajputana, xi. 408.
Bhatti Rajputs, especially numerous
in Firozpur, iv. 440, 442 ; Gujran-
wala, V. 183 ; Hissar, v. 428, 429 ;
Jaisalmer, vii. 67 ; Jehlam, vii. 170 ;
Jhang, vii. 209; Sirsa, xiii. 11, 12, 14.
Bhattiana, tract of country in Punjab, ii.
378, 379-
Bhattus, wandering tribe, generally
thieves, in N. Arcot, i. 315.
Bhaturia, village in Bengal, ii. 379.
Bhaun, town in Punjab, ii. 379.
Bhaunagar, Native State in Kathiawar,
Bombay, ii. 379-381.
Bhaunagar, town and port in Bombay, ii.
381, 382.
Bhausingh, market village in Bengal, ii.
382. ^
Bhavani, river in Madras, ii. 382.
Bhavani, town and taluk in Madras, 382,
3^3-
Bhavsars or Chhipias,name given to calico
printers in Kaira, vii. 306.
Bhaw, river in Lower Burma, ii. 383.
See Baw,
Bhawal, village in Bengal, ii. 3S3.
Bhawan, town in Oudh, ii. 383.
Bhawanandpur, village in Bengal, ii. 383,
384; ,
Bhawani, town and tahsil in Punjab,
ii. 384. See Bhiwani.
Bhawanipatna, village in Central Pro-
vinces, ii. 384.
Bhawanipur, suburb of Calcutta, ii. 384.
Bhayawadar, town in Bombay, ii. 384.
Bhedau, chiefship in Central Provinces,
ii. 384, 385.
Bheel ' Agency.' See Bhilwara.
Bheeleng, river and town in Lower
Burma, ii. 3S5. See Bilin.
INDEX.
41
Bheeleng-kyaik-hto, township in Lower
Burma, ii. 385. See Bilin-kyaik-to.
Bheeloo-Gyvvon, island in Lower Burma,
ii. 385. See I5ilu-Gywon.
Bheels. See Bhils.
Bhelani, town in Bombay, ii. 3S5.
Blienglaini^, river in Lower Burma, ii.
385. See Binlaing.
Bhensdelu, village in Central Provinces,
ii- 385.
Bhera, town and taksil in Punjab, ii.
3S5, 386.
Bheraghat, village in Central Provinces,
ii. 36S.
Bheren, estate in Central Provinces, ii.
386.
Bheri, petty State. See Beri.
Bhetargaon, town in Oudh, ii. 3S7.
Bhian, village in Bombay, ii. 3S7.
Bhidanwala, village in Punjab, ii. 387.
Bhikorai, village in Rajputana, ii. 3S7.
Bhilalas, cross between Bhils and Rajputs,
their marriage ceremonies, ii. 391. Sec
Bhils.
Bhils, aboriginal tribe of Khandesh and
Rajputana, formerly a predatory clan,
now largely converted into peaceable
cultivators and loyal soldiers, article
' India,' vi. 72, 73. Local notices —
Formerly dominant in Mewar, Malwa,
Khandesh, and Gujarat, ii. 387-392 ;
their manners, customs, and ceremonies,
ii. 388-391 ; their numbers, ii. 392 ;
found in Ali-Rajpur, i. 181 ; Banswara,
ii. 102; Baroda, ii. 159; Barwani, ii.
iSo ; Broach, iii.. 103 ; Bundi, iii. 159 ;
Central India, iii. 295 ; Chhota Udai-
pur, iii. 405 ; Chikhli, iii. 409 ; the
Dangs, iv. 114-116; Dhar, iv. 247;
Dhi-Dharamrai, iv. 270 ; Dhotia-
Baisola, iv. 278 ; Dungarpur, iv. 323 ;
Edar, iv. 336 ; Garh, v. 12 ; Hoshang-
abad, v. 445 ; Indore, vii. 3 ; Jhabua,
vii. 194 ; Jhalod, vii. 203 ; Jobat, vii.
233 ; Kathiwara, viii. 97 ; Khandesh,
viii. 150, 154, 155 ; massacre of, at
Kopargaon (1803), viii. 293 ; Mahi
Kantha Agency, ix. 178, 179 ; Maksu-
dangarh, ix. 215 ; Western Malwa, ix.
269 ; Manpur, ix. 339 ; Mathwar, ix.
365 ; Mehwas, ix. 400 ; Mervvara, ix.
416 ; Narsinghgarh, x. 215 ; Nasik, x.
229, 231 ; Nimar,
Panch
Mahals, xi. 30, 31 ; Pimpalner, xi.
181 ; Poona, xi. 205 ; Rajgarh, ix.
386 ; Rajpipla, xi. 391 ; Rajputana,
xi. 408, 409; Ratlam, xii. i; Rewa
Kantha, xii. 51, 52 ; Sanjeli, xii. 221 ;
Shahpura, xii. 369 ; Sirohi, xiii. 5 ;
'I'harand Parkar, xiii. 266 ; Tonk, xiii.
337 ; Udaipur, xiii. 402 ; ^Yun, xiii.
541. .S'^'^alsoBhilwaraand Dang States.
Bhilauri, town in Bombay, ii. 392.
Bhileng, river and town in Burma, ii.
392. See Bilin.
Bhileng-kyaik-hto, township in Lower
Burma, ii. 392. See Bilin-kyaik-to.
Bhilgarh, town in Central India, ii. 392.
Bhillang, feeder of the Bhagirathi river,
N.-W. Provinces, ii. 392.
Bhilolpur, town in Punjab, ii. 392.
Bhiloria, petty State in Bombay, ii. 392.
Bhilsa, fortified town in Central India, ii.
392-394-
Bhilu-Gywon, island near Salwin river.
Lower Burma, ii. 394.
Bhilwara, tract of country in Central
India, ii. 394, 395.
Bhilwara, town in Rajputana, ii. 395.
Bhima, river in Deccan, ii. 395.
Bhimaganni, pass in Madras, ii. 395.
Bhimar, village in Rajputana, ii. 395.
Bhimavaran, id/iik in Madras, ii. 395,
396-
Bhimavaran, village in Madras, ii. 396.
Bhimbandh, hot springs in Bengal, ii.
396-
Bhimdar, torrent in Punjab, ii. 396.
Bhim-Ghora, place of pilgrimagein N.-W.
Provinces, ii. 396, 397.
Bhim-lath, village in Central Provinces,
ii. 397-
Bhim Singh's Idihl or club, monolith
near Sarya, xii. 272.
Bhimora, petty State in Bombay, ii. 397.
Bhim Tal, small lake in N.-W. Provinces,
ii- 397-
Bhimihadi, Sub-division in Bombay, ii.
397-
Bhinal, town in Rajputana, ii. 397.
Bhind, town in Central India, ii. 397.
Bhindar, town in Rajputana, ii. 397.
Bhinga, pargand in Oudh, ii. 397, 398.
Bhingar, town in Bombay, ii. 398, 397.
Bhiri, village in Central Provinces, ii. 399.
Bhiria, town in Bombay, ii. 399.
Bhisi, town in Central Provinces, ii. 399.
Bhit Shah, town in Bombay, ii. 399.
Bhita Sarkhandi, village in Bengal, ii.
399- ,. ^ „ ..
Bhitanli, town and pargana m Oudh, n.
399-
Bhiwandi, town and Sub-division m Bom-
bay, ii. 399, 400.
Bhiwani, town and tahsil in Punjab, ii.
400.
Bhiwani, town in Rajputana, ii. 401.
Bhiwapur, town in Central Provinces, ii.
401.
Bhochan, town in Bombay, ii. 401.
Bhogai, river in Assam, ii. 401.
Bhogarmang, mountain valley in Punjab,
ii. 401.
Bhogdabari, town in Bengal, ii. 401.
Bhoginpur, town and tahsil in N.-W.
Provinces, ii. 401.
42
INDEX.
Bhograi, embankment in Bengal, ii.
402.
Bhogtas, aboriginal tribe, exercisers of
demons in Hazaribagh, v. 373.
Bhoika, petty State in Bombay, ii. 402.
Bhoja-kheri, estate in Central India, ii.
402.
Bhojawaddar, petty State in Bombay, ii.
402.
Bhojpur, town in N.-\Y. Provinces, ii.
402.
Bhojpur, town in Bengal, ii. 402.
Bhombadi, township in Lower Burma.
See Bhummawadi.
Bhomoraguri, forest reserve in Assam,
ii. 402.
Bhongaon, town and ta/isll in N.-W.^Pro-
vinces, 402, 403.
Bhonsla, family name of the Maratha
Chiefs of Nagpur, lapsed to the British
for want of heirs in 1853, article 'India,'
vi. 322.
Bhonsla, Janoji, 2nd Raja of Nagpur
(1755-72), his policy and defeat at
Nagpur, X. 166, 167.
Bhonsla, ]\Iahduji, 3rd Raja of Nagpur
(1772-8S), defeated Sabaji Bhonsla
at Panchgaon, x. 167 ; lived at Umrer,
where he built the fort, xiii. 423.
Bhonsla, Raghuji i., ist Raja of Nagpur
(1755)) conquered Bhandara (cijr.
1738), ii. 361 ; took Chanda and an-
nexed that kingdom, iii. 349 ; defeated
governor of EUichpur at Bhugaon, iv.
346 ; conquered most of Hoshangabad,
v. 443 ; his intervention in Deogarh
and reign at Nagpur, x. 166 ; his war
with Kanoji Bhonsla, xiii. 540-
Bhonsla, Raghuji II. (1788-1816), 4th
Raja of Nagpur, defeated at Assaye
with Sindia, i. 374 ; annexed Betul, ii.
330 ; besieged Garhakota, but was de-
feated by Gen. Baptiste, iv. 13 ; his
reign and the treaty of Deojaon, x.
167 ; conquered Sambalpur, xii. 180.
Bhonsla, Raghuji iil. (1818-53'), 6th
Raja of Nagpur, kingdom lapsed on
his death, iii. 302 ; his life and reign,
X. 168.
Bhonsla, Venkaji, Nagpur general, de-
feated by Sir A. Wellesley at Argaum
(1803), i. 329.
Bhoommawadee, township in Lower
Burma. See Bumawadi.
Bhoon-maw, pagoda in Lower Burma.
See Bunmaw.
Bhopal, Native State in Central India, ii.
403-405.
Bhopal, capital of State in Central India,
ii. 405, 406.
Bhopal Agency, group of Native States
in Central Provinces and Central India,
ii. 406.
Bhor, Native State in Bombay, ii. 406.
Bhor, town in Bombay, ii. 406.
Bhor Ghat, pass over the Western Ghats,
Bombay, ii. 406-408; article 'India,'
vi. 36, 550.
Bhotiyas, Tibetan race in Dharma, cann-
ing on trade with pack-sheep, iv. 252 ;
Kumaun, viii. 353.
Bhotmari, trading village in Bengal, ii.
408.
Bhragu, founder of Broach, ist century
A.D., where his descendants, the
Bragav Brahmans, still live, iii. I13.
Bhuban, range of hills in Assam, ii.
40S.
Bhugtis, tribe of Baluchis in Baluchistan,
ii. 29.
Bhuinhars, cross between Brahmans and
Rajputs (perhaps same as Babhans), a
landholding caste in Azamgarh, i. 395 ;
Ballia, ii. 20 ; Benares, ii. 257. See
Babhans.
Bhuiyas or Bara Bhuiyas (perhaps identi-
cal with Bhuinhars), their histoiy and
numbers in Assam, i. 354.
Bhuiyas, aboriginal tribe, in Bamra, ii.
42 ; Bhagalpur, ii. 346 ; dominant
tribe in Bonai, iii. 85, 86 ; in the Chutia
Nagpur Tributary States, iii. 462, 463,
464 ; Cuttack, iv. 69 ; Gangpur, iv.
478 ; Ga3/a, v. 46 ; Hazaribagh, v. 373 ;
Karharbari coal-fields, viii. 9; Keunjhar,
viii. 120; Lohardaga, viii. 480; Maldah,
ix. 243 ; Manbhum, ix. 280 ; Midnapur,
ix. 427 ; Orissa, x. 436 ; Orissa Tribu-
tary .States, X. 472 ; Santal Parganas
(called ghdt'Mils), xii. 229, 230 ;
Singhbhum, xii. 536.
Bhuj, capital of Cutch, Bombay, ii.
408.
Bhukar. See Chang Bhukar.
Bhukarheri, town in N.-W. Provinces, ii.
408, 409.
Bhiiksas, aboriginal tribe, who, with the
Tharus, can alone live in the Tarai,
xiii. 208, 209.
BhuUooah, District in Bengal. See
Noakhali.
Bhum. See Chamardi.
Bhiim Bakeswar, group of hot sulphur
springs in Bengal, ii. 409.
Bhumawadi. See Bumawadi.
Bhumias, aboriginal tribe in Raipur,
xi. 371.
Bhumijs, aboriginal tribe, numerous in
Assam, where they are tea-garden
coolies, i. 357 ; in Balasor, ii. 6 ;
Bankura, ii. 81 ; Bhagalpur, ii. 346 ;
in the Chutia Nagpur Tributary States,
iii. 463 - 465 ; Dinajpur, iv. 292 ;
Faridpur, iv. 400 ; jManbhum, ix.
280, 281 ; Midnapur, ix. 427 ; Nilgiri
(Orissa), x. 325 ; Orissa, x. 436 ; Orissa
INDEX.
43
Tribu;ary States, x. 472 ; Santal Par-
ganas, xii. 230 ; Sibsagar, xii. 464 ;
Singhbhum, xii. 535-
Bhung Bara, tract in Bahawalpur, ii. 409.
Bhunjiyas, aboriginal tribe in Raipur,
xi. 371.
Bhun-maw. See Bun-maw.
Bhupalpatnam, estate in Central Pro-
vinces, ii. 409.
Bhiipal Singh Rao, set up by the
Chauhans as Raja at Khair (1857), but
taken and hanged, viii. 127, 128.
"Scmx, pargand in Oudh, ii. 409, 410.
Bhurtpore. See Bhartpur.
Bhusawal, town and Sub-division in
Bombay, ii. 410.
Bhutan, Independent State in the Eastern
Himalayas, ii. 411-417 ; physical as-
pects, 411, 412; people, 412-414;
natural products, 414 ; manufactures,
etc., 414, 415 ; meteorology, 415 ;
history, 415-417.
Bhutana. See Bhathan.
Bhutan war (1864-65), article 'India,' vi.
424, 425. Local notices — Bhutan, ii.
417 ; annexation of Dhalingkot, iv.
131 ; check of British troops at
Diwangiri, iv. 308 ; annexation of the
Eastern Dwars, iv. 330 ; Jalpaiguri,
vii. 1 10 ; British head-quarters during
the war at Rangia, xi. 471.
Bhutias, The, in Bhutan, ii." 412-414;
Bians Pass, ii. 419 ; Darjiling, iv. 130,
133 ; Darrang, iv. 132, 133 ; Diwangiri,
iv. 30S ; the Eastern Dwars, iv. 329,
330 ; Garhwal, v. 20, 22 ; Himalaya
Mountains, v. 413 ; the Juhar valley,
vii. 253 ; Kamrup, vii. 355 ; Khagra-
para fair, viii. 123 ; Kherkheria fair,
viii. 199 ; driven out of Kuch Behar by
Warren Hastings, viii. 320 ; in Lahul,
viii. 421 ; Milam, ix. 438 ; Nepal, x.
279 ; Sikkim, xii. 485.
Bhuvaneswar, temple city in Orissa, ii.
417, 418.
Bhwot-lay. See Pa-de.
Biana, town in Rajputana, ii. 418.
Bians, Himalayan pass in N.-W, Pro-
vinces, ii. 418, 419.
Bias. See Beas.
Bias, river in Central Pro\-inces, ii. 419.
Bichrand, estate in Central India, ii.
419.
Bickaneer. See Bikaner.
Bidar, town in Haidarabad, ii. 419.
Bidar, Muhammadan Kingdom of South-
em India (1492-1657), vi. 288.
Bidari work, damascening of silver on
bronze, article ' India,' vi. 607. Local
notices — Made at Bidar, ii. 419 ;
Purniah, xi. 328.
Biddulph, !Major, quoted on slavery in
Kafiristan, vii. 291.
Bidesir, town in Rajputana, ii. 410.
Bidhuna, village and talisil in X.-W.
Provinces, ii. 419, 420.
Bidi, Sub-division in Bombay, ii. 420.
Bidie, Dr., his official papers on the
Fauna and Flora of S. India, used,
ix. 80-102.
Bidyadhari, river in Bengal, ii. 420.
Bidyapati Thakur, court poet of Tirhi'it in
the 14th century, vi. 348.
Bigandet, Bishop, Life or Legend of
Gautama, quoted, vi. 137 (footnote):
160 (footnote 3).
Bihar, town and pargand in Oudh, ii.
420, 421.
Bihar, town and pargand in Oudh, ii. 421 .
Bihar, river in Central India, ii. 421.
Bihari Lai, Hindi poet of the 17th
centur)', and composer of the Satsai,
vi. 345-
Bihat, petty State in Bundelkhand, ii.
421.
Bihat, town in Oudh, ii. 421, 422.
Bihiya, village in Bengal, ii. 422.
Bihiya, canal on the Son system, Bengal,
ii. 422.
Bihora, petty State in Bombay, ii. 422.
Bihta Gosain, town in N.-W. Provinces,
ii. 422.
Bija, Hill State in Punjab, ii. 422.
Bijagarh, ruined hill fort in Central India,
ii. 422.
Bijaigarh, ruined fort in N.-W. Provinces,
ii. 422, 423.
Bijaigarh, town in N.-W. Provinces, ii.
423.
Bijapur, Sub-division in Bombay, ii. 423.
Bijapur, town and historic capital in
Bombay, ii. 423-425.
Bijapur, Muhammadan Kingdom of
Southern India (1489-16S8), vi. 288.
Bijapur, estate in Central Provinces, ii.
425-
Bijar, Mir, Talpur chief, rebelled agamst
Ghulam Nabi Khan Kalhora (1777),
then minister, his career, xii. 512, 513.
Bijawar, Native State in Central India,
"ii, 425.
Bijaya, pass in ]Madra=:, ii. 425.
Bijayanagar. 5t'^ Vijayanagar and Hampi.
Bijbahar. See Bijljharn.
Bijbani, town in Bengal, ii. 426.
Bijbharn, town in Ka-hmir, ii. 426.
Bijegarh. See Bijaigarh.
Bijepur, town in Rajputana, ii. 426.
Bijeraghogarh, tract of country in Central
Provinces, ii. 426.
Bijeraghogarh, village in Central Pro-
vinces, ii. 426.
Bijipur, estate in ^^ladras, ii. 426.
Bijji, estate in Central Provinces, ii. 426,
427.
Bijli, estate in Central Provinces, 11. 427.
44
INDEX.
I3ijna, y<7n'/;- in Bundelkhand, ii. 427.
Bijna, town in Central India, ii. 427.
Bijnaur, District in N.-W. Trovinces, ii.
427-435 ; physical aspects, 428, 429 ;
history, 429, 430 ; population, 430,
431 ; agriculture, 431-433 ; natural
calamities, 433 ; commerce and trade,
etc., 433, 434; administration, 434;
medical aspects, 435.
Bijnaur, talisil in N.-W. Provinces, ii.
.435-
Bijnaur, town in N.-W. Provinces, ii.
.435-
Bijnaur, town and pargaiid in Oudh, ii.
.436.
Biini, (hudr in Assam, ii. 436, 437.
Bijni, village in Assam, ii. 437.
Bijnor. Sec Bijnaur.
Bijoli, village in Rajputana, ii. 437.
Bikaner, State in Rajputana, ii. 437-
440.
Bikaner, capital of State in Rajputana, ii.
.440-443-
Bikapur, town and tahsil in Oudh, ii.
443-
Bikkavolu, village in Madras, ii. 443,
444.
Bikrampur, village in Bengal, ii. 444.
Bilaigarh, chiefship in Central Provinces,
\\. 444.
Bilaii, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, ii. 444.
Bilaspur, District in Central Provinces,
ii. 444-453 ; physical aspects, 445, 446;
history, 446-449 ; population, 449, 450 ;
agriculture, 450, 451 ; natural calami-
ties, 451 ; commerce and trade, 451,
452 ; administration, 452, 453 ; medical
aspects, 453.
Bilaspur, tahsil in Central Provinces, ii.
.453-
Bilaspur, town in Central Provinces, ii.
453' 454-
Bilaspur, village in N.-W. Provinces, ii.
.454-
Bilaspur. See Kahlur.
Bilaspur, capital of Kahlur State, Punjab,
ii. 454.
Bilanda, estate in Central India, ii.
.454-.
Bilehri, village in Central Provinces, ii.
.454-
Bilga, town in Punjab, ii. 454.
Bilgram, town, tahsil, and pargana in
Oudh, ii. 454-456.
Bilhaur, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, ii. 456.
Biliapatam, East India Company's factory,
started at (1661), vi. 370.
Biligiri-Rangan, range of hills in Mj-sore,
."• 457-
Bilihra, estate in Central Provinces, ii.
457-
Bilimora, town in Bombay, ii. 457,
458. .
Bilin, river in Burma, ii. 45S.
Bilin, town in Lower Burma, ii. 458.
Bilin-kyaik-to, township in Lower Burma,
ii._458, 459. _
Bilram, town in N.-W. Provinces, ii.
459-
Bilri, petty State in Kathiawar, ii,
.459-
Bilsi, town in N.-W. Provinces, ii. 459.
Biluchis, criminal clan in Karnal, viii. 26.
Bilii-Gywon, island in Lower Burma, ii.
459, 460.
Bimlipatam, estate in Madras, ii. 460.
Bimlipatam, town in Madras, ii. 460,
461.
Bindki, town in N.-W. Provinces, ii. 461.
Bindraban, sacred city of the Hindus.
See Brindaban.
Bindranawagarh, estate in Central Pro-
vinces, ii. 461.
Binds, aboriginal tribe, in Maldah, ix.
243 ; Mirzapur, ix. 456 ; included with
the Santals in the Santal Parganas, xii.
230.
Binginapalli, village in Madras, ii. 461.
Binjwars, aboriginal tribe, in Borasambar,
iii. 89 ; Deori, iv. 205 ; Kharsal, viii.
168 ; Patna State, xi. 116 ; Raipur, xi.
.371-
Binlaing, river in Burma, 461, 462.
Bir, village in Punjab, ii. 462.
Bir Bandh, embankment in Bengal, ii.
462.
Biramganta, town in Madras, ii. 462.
Biibhiim, District in Bengal, iii. i-ii;
physical aspects, 1,2; history, 2, 3 ;
population, 3, 4 ; material condition of
the people, 4, 5 ; agriculture, 5, 6 ;
natural calamities, 6 ; commerce and
trade, 6 ; manufactures, silk, 6- 10 ;
administration, 10, II ; medical aspects,
II.
Birchigaon, mountain pass in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, iii. II, 12.
Birda Hills. See Barda Hills.
Bird, Miss, Unbeaten Tracks in Japan,
quoted, vi. 152 (footnote 3) ; 202 (foot-
note I) ; 224 (footnote 3).
Birds, birds of prey, and game birds,
article ' India,' vi. 659. Local notices —
Bakarganj, i. 442 ; Upper Burma, iii.
212 ; Chittagong Hill Tracts, iii. 448 ;
Darjiling, iv. 131 ; Dera Ismail Khan,
iv. 220 ; Firozpur, iv. 439 ; Hardoi, v.
322; Hill Tipperah, v. 395; Jalpaiguri,
vii. 109 ; Jerruck, vii. 180 ; North
Kanara, vii. 370 ; Kangra, vii. 414 ;
Karauli, vii. 472 ; Karniil, viii. 35,* 36 ;
Kashmir, viii. 69 ; Kistna, viii. 226 ;
Kotah (parrots), viii. 304 ; Kulu, viii.
338 ; Lahore, viii. 405 ; Lohardaga,
INDEX.
-IS
viii. 477 ; Madras Presidency, ix. 9 1 -94 ;
Mainpuri, ix. 203 ; Montgomery, ix.
495 ; Moradabad, ix. 505 ; Muzaffar-
garh, x. 58 ; Nepal, x. 278 ; Nimar, x.
328 ; Pabna, x. 512 ; Palni Mountains,
xi. 17 ; Patna, xi. 94 ; Peshawar, xi.
147 ; Pilibhit, xi. 172 ; Punjab, xi. 259;
Purniah, xi. 323 ; Rajshahi, xi. 429 ;
Rangpur, xi. 489 ; Ratnagiri, xii. 4 ;
Rewa Kantha, xii. 49, 50 ; Shahabad,
xii. 325 ; Shahjaliaiipur, xii. 344 ;
Shahpur, xii. 361 ; Shevaroy Hills, xii.
383, 384 ; Sind, xii. 507 ; the Sundar-
bans, xiii. 109, 390; Sural, xiii. 120;
Thar and Parkar, xiii. 264 ; Twenty-
four Parganas, xiii. 389.
Birds' nests, Edible, found in, and ex-
ported from the Andaman Islands, i.
282 ; Madras, ix. 92 ; Mergui Archi-
pelago, ix. 412 ; Nicobar Islands, x.
295 ; Pigeon Island, xi. 169.
Birdwood, Sir G., Handbook to the British
hidian Section of the Pai-is Exhibition
<y 1878, quoted, article ' India,' vi. 163
(footnote 2) ; Report onthe Miscellaneous
Old Records in the India Office, quoted,
359 (footnote 2); 360; 364 (footnotes
I and 2) ; 368 (footnote) ; 370 (foot-
note) ; discovered origin of the name
of James and Mary Sands, vii. 123.
Birganj, village in Bengal, iii. 12.
Birhar, pargand in Oudh, iii. 12.
Birhors, aboriginal tribe, in Hazaribagh,
V. 373-
Biria, town in N.-W. Provinces, iii. 12.
Birkul, village in Bengal, iii. 12, 13.
Birkul, embankment in Bengal, iii.- 13.
Birnagar, town in Bengal, iii. 13.
Birpur, village in Bengal, iii. 13.
Birsilpur, town in Rajputana, iii. 13.
Bir Singh Ueo, ruler of Orchha, submitted
to the Mughal Emperor, iii. 155 ; built
fort of Jhansi, and murdered Abul Fazl,
Akbar's minister, vii. 217 ; defeated
(1602), but again rebelled (1627), vii.
228.
Birudankarayapi'iram, ancient city in
Madras, iii. 13.
Birupa, river in Bengal, iii. 13.
Birur, town and mart in Mysore, iii. 13,
14.
Bisaldeo or \ isaldeva, Chauhan ruler of
Ajmere, took Delhi (1154), and left
both thrones to Prithwi Raja, iv. 190.
Bisali, pass in Madras, iii. 14.
Bisalnagar, town and Sub-division of
Baroda, iii. 14.
Bisalpur, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, iii. 14.
Bisambha, town in N.-W. Provinces, iii.
Bisanli, town and tahsil in N.-^^. Pro-
vinces, iii. 15, 16.
Bisauli. See Basohli.
Bisawar, town in N.-W. Provinces, iii. 16.
Bishangarh, town in N.-W. Provinces, iii.
16.
Bishanpur Narhan Khas, village in Ben-
L;al, iii. 16.
Bishenpur. See Bishnupur.
Bishkhali, river of Bengal, iii. 16.
Bishnois, curious sect in Hissar, v. 429.
Bishnupur, Sub-division of Bengal, iii. 16.
Bishnupur, ancient capital of Bankura,
Bengal, iii. 16, 17.
Bismuth, found in Upper Burma, iii. 211.
Bison, The Indian, article ' India,' vi.
656. Local notices — Ahmadnagar, i.
100 ; Anamalai Hills, i. 270 ; Andi-
patti Hills, i. 288 ; Arakan Hill
Tracts, i. 299 ; North Arcot, i. 312 ;
Balaghat, i. 453 ; Biligiri-rangan, ii.
457 ; Bombay Presidency, iii. 46 ;
Bonai, iii. 85 ; Upper Burma, iii. 212 ;
Chhindwara, iii. 399 ; Cochin, iv. 2 ;
Coimbatore, iv. 15-21 ; Coorg, iv. 32 ;
Darrang, iv. 142 ; Gangpur, iv. 478 ;
Western Ghats, v. 59 ; Godavari, v.
123 ; Hassan, v. 346 ; Hazaribagh, v.
370; Hill Tipperah, v. 395 ; Himalaya
Mountains, v. 409 ; Indore, vii. 2 ;
Kadiir, vii. 2S3 ; North Kanara, vii.
370; South Kanara, vii. 377 ; Karnul,
viii. 35 ; Khandesh, viii. 150 ; Kotah,
viii. 304 ; Lohardaga, viii. 477 ;
Madras, ix. S-91 ; Madura, ix. 121 ;
Malabar, ix. 220 ; Manbhilm, ix. 279 ;
Mysore, x. 1 15; Nellore, x. 262;
Nimar, x. 328 ; Pala.sgaon, x. 542 ;
Palni Mountains, xi. 17 ; Poliir, xi.
197 ; Raipur, xi. 368 ; Rampa, xi. 454 ;
Rewa Kantha, xii. 49; Sagar (Mysore),
xii. Ill ; Salem, xii. 152 ; Satara, xii.
277 ; .Sawantwari, xii. 296 ; Shimoga,
xii. 400; Sylhet, xiii. 145 ; Tharawadi,
xiii. 272 ; Travancore, xiii. 345 ; Wun,
xiii. 539.
Bison Range, hills in Madras, iii. 17.
Bisrampur, village iii Chutia Nagpur, iii.
17;
Bisrampur, coal-field in Chutia Nagpur,
iii. 17, 18.
Bissan, town in Rajputana, iii. 18.
Bissemkatak, town in Madras, iii. 18.
Bissemkatak, estate in Madras, iii. 18.
Biswan, town, tahsil, and pargand in
Oudh, iii. 18, 19.
Bithar, town in Oudh, iii. 19.
Bithiir, town in N.-W. Provinces, iii. 19,
20.
Bitraganta, village in Madras, iii. 20.
Blacker's, Col., Account of the Alaidthd
Wars, quoted on Asirgarh, i. 339.
Black Hole, The tragedy of the, at
Calcutta (1756), article 'India,' vi.
381.
46
INDEX.
* Black Mountain Expedition,' The,
(1868). Sec Hazara, v. 362, 363.
Black Pagoda. Sec Kanarak.
Black-Skins or Non-Aryans, described by
the Aryans, article ' India,' vi. 53, 54.
Blackwood trees, found in the Anamalai
Hills, i. 270; Belgaum, ii. 232 ; Bom-
bay, iii. 44, 45 ; Cochin, iv. 2 ; Coorg,
iv. 32 ; Cuddapah, iv. 48 ; Dharampur,
iv. 249 ; Dungarjiur, iv. 322 ; Western
Ghats, V. 59 ; Ilaidarabad (Sind), v.
275 ; Ilaliyal, v. 296 ; Ha«san, v. 346;
Jhabua, vii. 194; South Kanara, vii. 376;
Karjat, viii. 11 ; Kolaba, viii. 261 ;
Kollamalai Hills, viii. 286 ; Madras,
ix. 7 ; Malabar, ix. 229 ; Monghyr, ix.
480; Mysore, x. 1 14; Nilgiri Hills, x.
305, 323; Pachamalai Hills, x. 521 ;
Falni Mountains, xi. 19 ; Rajpipla, xi.
391 ; Rewa Kantha, xii. 49 ; Sawant-
wari, xii. 296 ; Shevaroy Hills, xii.
383; Surat, xiii. 120; Surgana, xiii.
136 ; Travancore, xiii. 345 ; Trichino-
poli, xiii. 355 ; VVainad, xiii. 510.
Blair, Lieut. Archibald, made first survey
of the Andaman Islands (1789-90), i.
281.
Blair, Port, harbour in the Andaman
Islands, described, i. 281, 282.
Blake, Martin, Assistant to the Agent in
Rajputana, murdered in a riot at Jaipur
(1835), vii. 57.
Blandford, Mr., on the Raniganj coal-
fields, quoted, xi. 504.
Blane, Capt., commenced the new works
of the Western Jumna Canal, vii. 261.
Blankets and rugs, manufacture of, at
Ahmadabad, i. 87 ; Anupshahr, i. 295 ;
Arakan Hill Tracts, i. 302 ; Athni, i.
378 ; Charda in Bahraich, i. 432 ;
Balrampur, ii. 26 ; Bangalore, ii. 64 ;
Basim, ii. 187 ; Bellary, ii. 247 ;
Bhander, ii. 368 ; Bhera, ii. 386 ;
Bhutan, ii. 414 ; Bikaner, ii. 439, 442;
Cachar, iii. 237 ; Champaran, iii. 343;
Chitaldrug, iii. 426, 428 ; Daiidnagar,
iv. 158; Devangere, iv. 161 ; Dindigal,
iv. 301 ; Dodderi, iv. 311 ; Fatehpur
Sikri, iv. 435 ; Firozpur, iv. 445 ;
Gaya, v. 51 ; Godavari, v. 129 ;
Gubbi, V. 176 ; Haidarabad (Sind), v.
282 ; Hariana, v. 33S ; Hassan, v.
349 ; Hoshiarpur, v. 456 ; Hunsur, v.
502 ; Jaisalmer, vii. 69 ; Jamkhandi,
vii. 127 ; Kadur, vii. 287 ; Kaladgi,
vii. 319 ; Kangra, vii. 426 ; Kanum,
vii. 438 ; Karjat, viii. 13; Karnal, viii.
29 ; Karra, viii. 49 ; Kashmir, viii.
73 ; Khemkarn, viii. 188 ; Kodumur,
viii. 240 ; Kolar, viii. 277-279 ; Kong-
noli, viii. 288 ; Kiilu, viii. 344 ;
Lohardaga, viii. 485 ; Madgiri, viii.
540; Mandya, ix. 311; Mysore, x.
120; Najibabad, x. 179; Yeola, x.
233 ; Nate-puta, x. 240 ; Panipat, xi.
47 ; Parner, xi. 66 ; Partabgarh, xi.
73 ; Poona, xi. 209 ; Pudukattai, xi.
238; Purniah, xi. 328; Fatehjangand
Pindi Gheb, xii. 32 ; Ravval Pindi, xii.
38 ; Rayachoti, xii. 39 ; Rojhan, xii.
79 ; Sadalgi, xii. 91 ; Saifganj, xii.
141 ; Sangamner, xii. 216; Sankeswar,
xii. 222 ; Satara, xii. 282 ; Sehwan,
xii. 305 ; Shahabad, xii. 332 ; Shahpur,
xii. 366 ; Shimoga, xii. 404 ; Sholapur,
xii. 418 ; Sira, xii. 546 ; Songir, xiii.
61 ; Tando Muhammad Khan, xiii.
178, 179; Thar and Parkar, xiii. 270;
Tumkur, xiii. 379 ; Turavanur, xiii.
384 ; Wardha, xiii. 527 ; Wiin, xiii.
544-
Blindness, prevalent in Ambala, i. 224.
Blochmann, H., translation of the Ain-
i-Akbarl, article ' India,' vi. 272
(footnote) ; 291 (footnote i) ; 295
(footnotes) ; on the tomb #f Zafar
Khan at Tribeni, xiii. 353.
Block, Mr. A., murdered at Sultanpur
(1857), xiii. 98.
Blyth, Mr., murdered by Nagas (1880),
X. 146.
Blue Mountain, peak in Lower Burma,
iii. 20.
Boa Constrictors, grow to great size
in Chittagong Hill Tracts, iii. 448 ;
Manipur, xi. 326.
Boalmari, trading village in Bengal, iii.
20.
Boats, Bridges of, article ' India,' vi. 551.
Set Bridges.
Boat-building, carried on at Barhaj, ii.
150 ; in Lower Burma, iii. 198 ; the
Eastern Dwars, iv. 334 ; Jehlam, vii.
'75) 178 ; Narsapur, x. 215 ; Nellore,
X. 269 ; Pind Dadan Khan, xi. 183 ;
the Sundarbans, xiii. 397 ; Wazirabad,
xiii. 535-
Bobbili, estate in Madras, iii. 20-22.
Bobbili, town in Madras, iii. 22.
Bod, Tributary .State in Orissa, iii. 22, 23.
Boda, estate in Bengal, iii. 23.
Bodanoness, petty State in Kathiawar,
iii. 23.
Bodaw Paya, succeeded Alaung-paya
(1781) as King of Burma, put down
Talaing insurrection in Pegu, iii. 176 ;
changed capital from Rangoon to Pegu,
xi. 127.
Bodhan, village in Bombay, iii. 23.
Bodh Gaya. See Buddh Gaya.
Bodinayakanur, estate in Madras, iii. 23,
24-
Bodinayakanur, town in Madras, iii. 24.
Bodo, race in Assam, to which belong
Hajungs, Kachan's, Lalungs, Mechs,
and Rabhas, i. 351.
INDEX.
47
Bodwad, town in Bombay, iii. 24.
Boerrensen, Rev. H. P., report on the
vSantal Settlements in Assam, xii. 230,
231- ,
Boggeru, river in Madras, iii. 24.
Bogle, crossed the Himalayas, east of
the Mariamla Pass, v. 406 ; calls
Sikkim, Demojong, xii. 484.
Bogoola. Sie Bagula.
Bogra, District in Bengal, iii. 24 - 32 ;
physical aspects, 25, 26 ; history, 26,
27 ; population, 27-29 ; agriculture,
etc., 29-31 ; administration, 31, 32.
Bogra, town in Bengal, iii. 32, 33.
Boigne, M. de, French general in Sindia's
service, raised siege of Agra (1788), i.
70 ; took Ajmere, i. 122 ; organized
Sindia's troops at Aligarh, i. 170 ;
bombarded Balahera fort, i. 457.
Boileau, Col., Deputy Commissioner of
Gonda, killed by a bandit named
Fazl All, V. 149.
BoisragMi, Lt., defeated Fathna Raja at
Gang^(i857), iv. 477.
Boja, a beer made from ragi, in the Palni
Mountains, xi. 1 8.
Bokaro, coal-field in Bengal, iii. 32, 33.
Bolan, pass leading to Baluchistan, article
' India,' vi. 6 ; "iii. 33, 34.
Bolaram, cantonment in Haidarabad, iii.
34-
Bolpur, village in Bengal, iii. 34.
Bolundra, petty State in Bombay, iii. 34.
Bomanahilli, village in Madras, iii. 34.
Bombadi. See Bumawadi.
Bombay Presidency, iii. 34-73 ; bound-
aries, 35 ; history, 35-40 ; physical
aspects, 40, 41 ; districts of the
Presidency — Sind Districts, Gujarat
Districts, Konkan Districts, Deccan
Districts, Western Karnatic or South
Maratha Districts, 41 ; mountains, 41,
42 ; rivers, 42, 43 ; bays and lakes,
43, 44 ; minerals, 44 ; forests, 44, 45 ;
fauna, 45, 46 ; population, 46-49 ;
ethnology and language, 49-51 ; re-
ligions, 52; houses, etc., 52, 53;
agriculture, 53, 54 ; cotton, 54, 55 ;
irrigation, 55-57 ; famine, 57, 58 ;
manufactures, 58-60 ; cotton mills, 60,
61 ; roads and railways, 61, 64 ; foreign
trade, 62, 63 ; commerce and trade,
64, 65 ; administration, 65, 66 ;
political relations, 66, 67 ; army, 67 ;
marine, 67, 68 ; police, 68 ; jails, 68 ;
revenue and expenditure, 69, 70 ;
education, 70-72 ; medical aspects,
72 ; diseases, 72, 73.
Bombay, city and seaport in Western
India, iii. 73-84; history, 74-77 ; general
aspect, 77-79; population, 79 -Si;
administration, 82, 83 ; newspapers,
83 ; medical aspects, 83, 84.
Bombay, ceded to the East India Company
(1661), 370 ; made a Presidency (16S4-
87). 370 ; the main centre of Indian
foreign trade, 560.
Bomori, town in Central India, iii. 84.
Bomraj, estate in Madras, iii. 84.
Bonai, Tributary State in Chutia Nagpur,
Bengal, iii. 84-87 ; physical aspects,
84, 85 ; history, etc., 85 ; population, 85,
86; agriculture, 86, 87 ; trade, etc., 87.
Bonai Garh, town in Chutia Nagpur,
Bengal, iii. 87.
Bonai Hills, range in Chutia Nagpur,
Bengal, iii. 87, 88.
Bondada, village in Madras, iii. 88.
Bongong. See Bangaon.
Bonito fishery, in the Maldive Islands,
ix. 251.
Boura, marsh in Bengal, iii. 88.
Book, First, printed in India, by the
Jesuits at Ambalkota, viii. 241 ; and
pubhshed at Cochin (1577), iv. 12.
Bookbinding and illumination, article
' India,' vi. 112, 1 13.
Bbondee. See Bundi.
Boragari, trading village in Bengal, iii. 88.
Borahs, Muhammadan class. See espe-
cially Ahmadabad, i. 85 ; Bombay
Presidency, iii. 52 ; Bombay City, iii.
81 ; Broach, iii. 103; Dhandhuka, iv.
243 ; Berar, v. 267 ; Rander, xi. 469 ;
Surat, xiii. 133.
Boram, village in Bengal, iii. 88.
Borasambar, estate in Central Provinces,
iii. 88, 89.
Borax, found in the Himalaya Mountains,
V. 412 ; refined at Jagadhri, vii. 40.
Border tribes. See Hill and border tribes.
Bore, The, or tidal wave, in the Ilugli
and Meghna, article ' India,' vi. 30,
31. Local 7iotices — Bakarganj, i. 441 ;
Bankura, ii. 78 ; the Bilin, ii. 458 ;
Bilin-kyaik-to, ii. 458 ; Cambay, iii.
274 ; ^ Coringa, iv. 43 ; Dakshin
Shahbazpur, iv. 96 ; the Hiigli, v.
488 ; the Mahi, ix. 174 ; the Meghna,
ix- 394> 395 ; Noakhali, x. 340 ; the
Pegu, xi. 129; the Pheni, xi. 166; the
Rupnayayan, xii. 84 ; the Sit-taung, xii.
430 ; xiii. 40 ; Sudharam, xiii. 87 ; the
To, xiii. 335.
Bori, town in Central Provinces, iii. 89.
Boria, seaport in Bombay, iii. 89.
Borias, agricultural caste in Assam,
offspring of Brahman widow by man of
any other caste, i. 356.
Boro. See Rice.
Boronga Oil-Refining Company in Akyab,
vi. 627.
Borsad, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, iii. 89, 90.
Borthwick, Mr., laid out town of Jdora
and built bridge there, vii. 143.
48
INDEX.
Boscawen, Admiral, his ineffectual siege
of Pondicherry (1748), vi. 379 ; xi. 198.
Boswell, Mr., his description of the fort
at Kondavir, in the Indian Antiquary,
referred to, viii. 288.
Botad, fortified town in Kathiawar, iii. 90.
Botanical Gardens. See Gardens.
Botany of India, article ' India,' vi. 662-
664 ; of the Madras Presidency, ix.
81-88.
Botawad, town in Bombay. See Botwad.
Botwas, aboriginal tribe in Padinalknad,
X. 525.
Boulderson, C. E., his revision of tlie
revenuesettlementof theTarai, xiii. 208.
Boulnois, Lt., murdered by the Moh-
mands, while constructing Fort Michni
(1852), ix. 423.
Boundaries of India, article 'India,' vi.
3,4-
Bourchier, Charles, Governor of Madras
(1767-70), ix. 67.
Bourchier, Sir George, led column against
Lushais from Cachar (1870-71), iii.
448 ; viii. 531. •
Bourquien, French general in Sindia's
service, expelled George Thomas from
Hariana, v. 337 ; defeated by Lord
Lake at Delhi (1803), x. 368.
Bowring, Lewin, Chief Commissioner of
Mysore, founded Bowring-pet (1S64),
iii. 90.
Bowring - pet, village in Mysore, iii.
90, 91.
Bows and arrows, made at Kot Adu,
viii. 302.
Bowyear, Mr., placed in charge of the
Syriam factory on its re-establishment
(1698), xiii. 158.
Boyarani, town in Madras, iii. 91.
Boyas. See Bedars.
Boyd, Maj., killed by Cacharis at Maibang
(18S2), ix. 188.
Boyle, Vicars, superintended defence of
Arrah (1857), i. 333 ; xii. 328, 329.
Braganza, Dom Constantino de, conquered
Daman (1559), iv. lOl.
Brahma, The Creator, the first person in
the Hindu triad, vi. 98.
Brahmagiri, range of hills in Madras,
iii. 91.
Brahmanabad, historic city in Sind, iii.
91-
Brahmanakraka, village in Madras, ni. 91.
Brahmanbaria, town and Sub-division in
Bengal, iii. 91, 92.
Brahman founders of Hinduism, vi. 207.
Brahmanas, sacred Sanskrit writings
explanatory of the sacrifices and duties
of the priests, etc., vi. 88, 89.
Brahmani, river of Bengal, iii. 92.
Brahmanical castes, north and south of
the Vindhyas, vi. 193, 194 and footnote.
Brahmans, the priestly caste of ancient
India, article 'India,' vi. 87-100 ; origin
of priestly families, 87 ; growth of the
priesthood, 87, 88 ; the Brahman caste
fully formed, 89, 90 ; struggle between
the priestly and warrior castes, and
ultimate supremacy of the Brahmans,
92-94 ; Viswamitra the Kshattriya, and
Vasishtha the Brahman, 92, 93 ; the
four stages of a Brahman's life, 95 ;
Brahman rule of life and its hereditary
results on caste, 95, 96 ; Brahman
theology, the post-Vedic gods, 97, 98 ;
the Hindu triad, 98 ; the six darsanas
or Brahman schools of philosophy, 98,
99 ; Sanskrit grammar and speech,
100, loi ; Sanksrit manuscripts and
dictionaries, IOI-I04 ; Brahman as-
tronomy, 104-106 ; mathematics, 106 ;
medicine, 106-110; war, no; music,
IIO-II2; architecture and decorative
art, 112, 113; painting, 113; law,
1 13- 1 18; secular literature, tj|e epics,
118-124; poetry and the drama, 125,
126; novels, Beast stories and fables,
127, 128; post-Vedic theological litera-
ture, the Puranas, 128, 129 ; modern
Indian literature, 129 ; attacks on
Brahmanism from the 6th century B.C.
to the 19th century A. D., 130, 131 ; the
Brahman caste analyzed, 193, 194.
Local notices — For their distribution, see
the Population section under each
District ; especially numerous or other-
wise remarkable in Ajmere, i. 123,
124; Ah'garh, i. 172; Allahabad, i.
189, 199 ; South Arcot, i. 322 ; Assam,
i- 353> 354 ; Azamgarh, i. 395 ; Ballia,
ii. 20 ; Banda, ii. 50 ; Bara Banki,
ii. no; Basti, ii. 209; Benares, ii.
257 ; Bengal, ii. 296 ; Bettadpur (San-
keti), ii. 327 ; Bisalnagar (Nagar), iii.
14; Bithur, iii. 20; Bombay, iii. 51 ;
Broach (Bhragav), iii. 1 13; Buland-
shahr, iii. 135 ; Calcutta, iii. 256 ;
Cawnpur, iii. 283; Central India, iii. 295;
Central Provinces, iii. 316; Chainpur,
iii. 325 ; Chamba, iii. 328 ; Champaran,
iii. 338 ; Chilambaram (Dikshatar), iii.
413 ; Chitarkot, iii. 430 ; Combaconum,
iv. 24; Cuddapah (Sivaite), iv. 50;
Cuttack (Sivaite), iv. 69 ; Dacca, iv. 83 ;
Darbhangah, iv. 124; Dehra Dun,
iv. 173 ; Delhi, iv. 182 ; Deoprayag,
iv. 205 ; Dharw-ar, iv. 267 ; Etah, iv.
361 ; Etawah, iv. 371, 373; Faizabad,
iv. 383 ; Fatehpur, iv. 425 ; Gaya
(Gayawals), v. 46 ; Ghazipur, v. 66 ;
Gonda, v. 150 ; Gorakhpur, v. 167 ;
Gwalior, v. 229 ; Haidarabad (Sind),
v. 277, 278 ; Hamirpur, v. 301 ;
Hardoi, v. 325 ; Hoshiarpur, v. 454 ;
Jabalpur, vii. 32 ; Jajpur (Sivaite),
INDEX.
49
vii. 73 ; Jannpur, vii. 154 ; Jawalapur,
vii. 163 ; Jehlam, vii. 170 ; Jessor
(Kulin), vii. 1S6 ; Jhansi, vii. 221 ;
Kalladakurichi, vii. 338 ; Kampil, vii.
353 ; Kamrup, vii. 359 ; North Kanara
(Havik), vii. 370 ; South Kanara, vii.
379 ; Kangra, vii. 418 ; Kankhal, vii.
434 ; Karnal, viii. 23 ; Kashmir, viii.
69, 70 ; Khandesh, viii. 154 ; Kolaba,
viii. 265 ; Konnagar, viii. 292 ; Ku-
maun, viii. 353 ; Lalitpur, viii. 450 ;
Lohardaga, viii. 481 ; Ludhiana, viii.
521 ; Madras, ix. 19 ; Mainpuri, ix.
205 ; Meerut, ix. 386 ; Melukote (Sri
Vashnav), ix. 404 ; Merwara, ix. 417 ;
Midnapur, ix. 427 ; Mirzapur, ix. 456 ;
Murshidabad, x. 25 ; Muttra, x. 47 ;
Muzafifarpur, x. 79 ; Mysore, x. 97,
98 ; Nadiya, x. 132 ; Narsinghpur, x.
221 ; Nigohan, x. 300; N.-W. Pro-
vinces, X. 372; Orissa, x. 434, 435;
Oudh, X. 498 ; Pachhegam (Nagar), x.
521 )»Partabgarh, xi. 70 ; Punjab, xi.
274 ; Pun, xi. 303 ; Purniah, xi_. 325 ;
Kai Bareli, xi. 354 ; Raipur, xi. 372 ;
Rajputana, xi. 408 ; Rajshahi, xi. 432 ;
Rangpur, xi. 493, 494 ; Ratanpur, xi.
517 ; Rawal Pindi, xii. 26 ; Rohtak,
xii. 71 ; Sambalpur, xii. 181, 182 ;
Santal Parganas, xii. 229 ; Sarahan
(their northern limit), xii. 249 ; Saran,
xii. 253 ; Satara, xii. 278, 279 ; Shah-
abad, xii. 327 ; Shahjahanpur, xii.
347 ; Shimoga (Smarta), xii. 40I ;
Sholapur, xii. 413 ; Sibsagar, xii. 464 ;
Sind, xii. 518, 519 ; Sirohi, xiii. 4 ;
Sitapur, xiii. 33 ; Sringeri (Smarta),
xiii. 79 ; Sultanpur, xiii. 98 ; Surat,
xiii. 124, 126 ; Sylhet, xiii. 148 ; Tan-
jore, xiii. 184, 185 ; Twenty-four Par-
ganas, xiii. 392 ; Udaipur, xiii. 402 ;
Unao, xiii. 430 ; Visnagar, xiii. 481 ;
Wardnagar (Dhinoj), xiii. 507 ; Wai,
xiii. 509.
Brahmapuri, Sub-division in Central
Provinces, iii. 92, 93.
Brahmapuri, town in Central Provinces,
iii- 93- . .
Brahmaputra, river in N.-E. India, iii.
93 - 98 ; one of the great rivers of
India, vi. 13-16 ; its course and con-
fluents, 13 ; discharge, 13, 14 ; silt
islands, 14, 15; changes in course, 15;
traffic, 15, 16 ; junction of Ganges,
Brahmaputra, and Meghna, 24 ; their
comliined delta and estuaries, 24, 25 ;
alluvial deposits of the Brahmaputra,
27 ; steam navigation on, 552.
Brahma Samaj, Members of the, or
Brahmos, in Assam, i. 360 ; Banga-
lore, ii, 62 ; Bengal, ii. 290, 291 ;
Bogra, iii. 28; Calcutta, iii. 251, 256 ;
Dacca, iv. 83; Darjiling, iv. 133;
VOL. XIV.
Darrang, iv. 155 ; Dinajpur, iv. 293 ;
Faridpur, iv. 407; Goalpara, v. 1 14,
115; Jalpaiguri, vii. 112; Jessor, vii.
186 ; Kuch Behar, viii. 323 ; Mur-
shidabad, X. 25; N.-W. Provinces,
X- 372, 373 ; Nowgong, x. 410 ; Pabna,
X. 514; Patna, xi. 99; Rajshahi, xi.
432 ; Rangpur, xi. 493 ; Sylhet, xiii.
148.
Brahui Hills, a southern offshoot of the
N. - W. Himalayas, marking a portion of
the boundary between India and Balu-
chistan, vi. 7.
Brahuis, The, inhabitants of the highlands
of Baluchistan, iii. 98-100. See also
Baluchistan, ii. 28, 29, 39 ; Khelat,
viii. 188 ; Sibi, xii. 455, 456.
Braithwaite, Col., took Pondicherri
(1793), xi. 189.
Brandreth, Mr. E. L., papers on the
Gaurian languages (published in the
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, vol.
X.), article 'India,' vi. 64-66 (foot-
notes); (published in vols. xi. and xii.),
vi. 103.
Brass and copper work, article ' India,'
vi. 607. Local 7iotices — Brass and
copper vessels, brass ornaments, etc.
etc., manufactured at Ahmadabadji. 87;
Ahmadnagar, i. 104; Aliganj-Sewan,
i. 167 ; Ardabak, i. 329 ; Assam, i.
367 ; Balasor, ii. 9 ; Banga, ii. 58 ;
Bara Banki, ii. 113; Bard wan, ii.
132 ; Barkur, ii. 157 ; Barpali, ii. 174;
Batala, ii. 216 ; Benares, ii. 267 ;
Bhagwantnagar, ii. 355 ; Bhandara, ii.
365 ; Bhatgaon, ii. 377 ; Bhaunagar,
ii. 380 ; Bhera, ii. 386 ; Bhutan, ii.
414 ; Bisalnagar, iii. 14 ; Bombay, iii.
60; Brahmapuri, iii. 93; Lower Burma,
iii. 198 ; Cachar, iii. 235 ; Chanda,
iii. 355; Chapra, iii. 370; Chhind-
wara, iii. 402 ; Chichli, iii. 408 ; Cut-
tack, iv. 7 ; Dain-hat, iv. 95 ; Darrang,
iv. 148; Daska, iv. 153; Dhamda, iv.
239 ; Dhampur, iv. 241 ; Dhrangadra,
iv. 279 ; Dignagar, iv. 287 ; Dodderi,
iv. 311 ; Khajuha and Kori in Fateh-
pur, iv. 428 ; Gaya, v. 50 ; Goalpara,
V. 117; Gujranwala, v. 187; Gujrat,
V. 197; Hassan, v. 350; Hirehal, v.
423 ; Hissar, v. 432 ; Hoshangabad, v.
441 ; Hoshangabad, v. 447 ; Hoshiar-
pur, V. 458 ; Jabalpur, vii. 35 ; Jaga-
dhri, vii. 40 ; Siwai Madhupur, vii.
54; Jandiala, vii. 136; Jehlam, vii.
175 ; Kotchandpur and Kesabpur in
Jessor, vii. 186 ; Jhanjharpur, vii. 214 ;
Jodhpur, vii. 239 ; Kaladgi, vii. 319 ;
Kamrup, vii. 363; Kelod, viii. Ill ;
Kesabpur, viii. 117; Khajuha, viii.
140 ; Kistna, vnii. 232 ; Kora, viii.
295 ; Lakhimpur, viii. 434 ; Lodhi-
5°
INDEX.
khera, viii. 473 ; Lohardaga, viii. 485 ;
Lucknow, viii. 500 ; Maghiana, ix.
140 ; Mahmudabad, ix. 182 ; Maiman-
singh, ix. 198 ; Mallanwan, ix. 263 ;
Miclnapur, ix. 430, 434 ; Mihrpur, ix.
436 ; Mirzapur, ix. 462 ; Moradabad,
ix. 513; Nadiya, x. 137; Najibabad,
X. 179; Narowal, x. 214; Nasik, x.
237 ; Natagarh, x. 240 ; Nellore, x.
279; Nepal, X. 289; Neri, x. 291;
Newalganj, x. 292; Nosari, x. 405 ;
Nowgong, X. 412; Panipat. xi. 47;
Patera, xi. 85 ; Pind Dadan Khan, xi.
183 ; Poona, xi. 209, 213 ; Rai Bareli,
xi. 357 ; Raigarh, xi. 362 ; Rajshahi,
xi. 436 ; Rangpur, xi. 498 ; Rasipur,
xi. 513; Rewari, xii. 56; Sambalpur,
xii. 1S3 ; Sarai Akil, xii. 249; Sarai
Saleh, xii. 250 ; Saran, xii. 257 ; Sat-
ara, xii. 282; Shahabad, xii. 332;
Sherghati, xii. 380 ; Shimoga, xii. 404 ;
Shravan-belgola, xii. 425 ; Sialkot, xii.
448 ; Sibsagar, xii. 468, 469 ; Sihor,
xii. 476 ; Singhbhum, xi. 539 ; Songir,
xiii. 61 ; Srinagar (N.-W. P.), xiii. 78 ;
Bandhua in Sultanpur, xiii. loi ;
Tando Muhammad Khan, xiii. 179 ;
Tanjore, xiii. 196 ; Thana, xiii. 257 ;
Tipperah, xiii. 319; Tumkur, xiii. 379 ;
Turtipar, xiii. 385 ; Twenty-four Par-
ganas, xiii. 397 ; Vonipenta, xiii. 503 ;
Wanthah, xiii. 519.
Breeks, Commissioner of the Nilgiri Hills,
opened a cromlech there, x. 322.
Breweries, article 'India,' vi. 616, 617.
Local notices — Dalhousie, iv. 98 ; Nil-
giri Hills, ix. 59, 60, x. 321 ; Bellary,
ix. 59, 60 ; Murree, x. 19, xii. 32 ;
iSIussooree, x. 42 ; Lucknow and
Naini Tal, x. 396 ; Simla, xii. 498.
Brick-making, at Kotrang, viii. 313 ; Cali-
cut and Cannanore in North Kanara,
ix. 54; Mangalore, ix. 314; Merkara,
ix. 415 ; Sibpur, xii. 459.
Bridges : railway, over the Jumna at
Agra, i. 76 ; of boats, over the Ganges
at Ahar, i. 82 ; over the Sakki at
Ajnala, i. 133 ; masonry, over the
Tons at Akbarpur, i. 108 ; over the
Kali Nadi and Nim Nadi at Aligarh,
i. 169; of boats, over the Ganges, and
railway, over the Tons in Allahabad
District, i. 185, 186 ; railway, iron-
girder, over the Jumna at Naini, near
Allahabad, i. 192; railway, iron-girder,
over the Sabi in Alwar, i. 203 ; rail-
way, over the Jumna and Ghaggar at
Ambala, i. 222 ; railway, over the Am-
bika, Kaveri, and Kharera, i. 229 ; of
boats, over the Ganges at Amethi, i.
231 ; railway, over the Beas at Wazir
Bhola, i. 254 ; of boats, over the Ravi
at Kakkar, i. 255 ; of boats, over the
Ganges at Anupshahr, i. 295 ; masonry,
over the Rushikulya at Aska, i. 340 ;
railway, over the Indus at Attock, i.
3S2 ; railway, over the Auranga, near
Balsar, i. 386 ; iron, over the Bash-
ganga at Badariya, i. 408 ; railway,
iron-girder, over the Sutlej, near Baha-
walpur, i. 424 ; of boats, over the
Gogra at Bahramghat. i. 435 ; of boats,
over the Rapti, near I^lrampur, ii. 26 ;
stone, at Bandra, ii. 57 ; timber, over
the Bara, ii. 105 ; over the Jehlam at
Baramula, ii. 122 ; at Baroda, ii. 170 ;
over the Buana at Basti, ii. 214 ; over
the Beas, ii. 222 ; over the Beliapatam,
ii. 239 ; railway, over the Tungabhadra
in Bellary, ii. 241 ; over the Ben, ii.
252; over the Ganges and the Barna at
Benares, ii. 262 ; railway, over the Hugli
(under construction), ii. 315 ; over the
Bcypur, ii. 335 ; over the Bhaha at
Benkipur, ii. 339 ; in Bhandara, ii.
365 ; over the Bhavaniat Metapolliem,
ii. 382 ; over the Kaveri at Bhavani,
ii. 383 ; in the Bhor Ghat, ii. 407 ;
suspension, over the Manas at Tasgaon
in Bhutan, ii. 412 ; suspension, over
the Bias, ii. 419 ; over the Son at
Bihar, ii. 421 ; wooden, over the Jehlam
at Bigburu, ii. 426 ; railway, over the
Narbada, near Broach, iii. 108 ; of
boats, over the Ganges in Budaun, iii.
122, 123 ; floating, over the Hugli at
Calcutta, iii. 253 ; over the Cauvery,
stone, at Fraserpet, iii. 277 ; at island
of Sivasamudram, andiron, railway, at
Erode, iii. 278 ; railway, iron-girder,
over the Ganges at Cawnpur, iii. 292 ;
railway, over the Chenab at Wazirabad,
and of boats, over the Chenab, iii. 380 ;
over the Languliya at Chicacole, iii.
407 ; masonry, over the Gameri at
Chitor, iii. 430 ; over the Chittivalasa,
and the Gosthani at Chittivalasa, iii.
454 ; iron, at Coconada, iii. 472 ; iron,
suspension, over the Tista in Dalingkot,
iv. 98 ; masonry, over the Pinyari at
Daro, iv. 141 ; over the Degh, iv.
167 ; iron, railway, over the Jumna at
Delhi, iv. 184, 186 ; of boats, over the
Jumna in Delhi, iv. 184 ; iron, over the
Gambhar at Deonthal, iv. 204 ; stone,
over the Dhadhar at Bhilapur, iv. 238 ;
iron, railway, over the Dhanauti, near
Motihari, iv. 243 ; trestle, over the
Narbada at Khal, iv. 246 ; stone, over
the Dhasan, iv. 268 ; sandstone, rail-
way, and of boats, over the Chambal,
nearDholpur, iv. 273, 275, 277 ; stone,
over the Panjhra at Dhulia, iv. 281 ;
iron, railway, over the Kaveri at Erode,
iv. 357 ; of boats, over the Gogra at
Faizabad, iv. 386 ; of boats, over the
INDEX.
5^
I
Ganges at Fatchgarh, iv. 415 ; stone,
over the Kaveri at Fraserpet, iv. 450 : of
boats, over the Ganges at Garhmukh-
tesar, v. 16; at Gazzalhatti, v. 53;
over creek at Gharo, v. 56 ; railway,
and of boats, over the Chenab and
Jehlam in Gujrat, v. 194; masonrj', over
the Gi'imti at Lucknow and Jaunpur,
v. 200 ; railway, over the Kistna, near
Kadlur in HaTOarabad, v. 243 ; stone,
over the Musi at Haidarabad, v. 253 ;
wooden, over the Pegu in Nanthawadi,
V. 316; stone, over the Tungabhadra at
Harihar, v. 338 ; brick, over the Hari
Rud, near Herat, v. 340; wooden and
rope suspension, over the Kunhar in
Hazara, v. 367 ; iron, over the Hema-
vati at Sakleshpur, v. 382 ; iron, rail-
way, over the Hindan, v. 414 ; floating,
over the Hugli at Howrah, v. 465 ;
railway, over the Hiigli (under con-
struction), v. 482 ; over the Narbada
in Indore, vii. 4 ; wooden, over the
Jehlam at Islamabad, vii. 26 ; iron,
railway, and of boats, over the Sutlej
at Phillaur, vii. 84, 89 ; stone, over the
Jambua at Kelanpur and Makarpura,
vii. 123 ; iron, railway, over the Chitra-
vati at Jammalammadugu, vii. 129 ;
stone, over the Piria at Jaora, vii. 143 ;
stone and railway, over the Gumti at
Jaunpur, vii. 150, 160; suspension,
over the Jehlam at Kohala, vii. 165 ;
railway, over the Jehlam at Jehlam,
vii. 166, 175 ; of boats, over the Jehlam
and Chenab in Jhang, vii. 211 ; of
boats, over the Ganges at Jhi'tsi, vii.
231 ; over the Kabul at Kabul, vii.
270 ; of boats, over the Ganges at
Kachhla, vii. 278 ; at Kachua, vii. 278 ;
over the Kali Nadi in Bulandshahr at
Gulaothi and in Aligarh, vii. 327 ; of
boats, over the Jumna at Kalpi, vii.
343 ; railway, over the Kanhan at
Kamthi, vii. 367 ; at Karachi, vii.
452, 453 ; stone, railway, over the
Karamnasa, near Chausa, vii. 465 ; iron,
suspension, over the Pindar at Karn-
prayag, viii. 32 ; wooden and rope
suspension, in Kashmir, viii. 65 ;
wooden, at Kav-ka-reit, viii. 107 ; rail-
way, over the Tapti at Bhusawal, viii.
150; masonry, over the Vishnumati,
at Khatmandu, viii. 182 ; iron, railway,
over the Kistna at Raichur, 236 ; over
the Nizampur-Kal at Alangaon, and
masonry, at Nagothna, viii. 269 ; rail-
way, over the Kolak, viii. 272 ; steel
rope suspension, at Shamsi,and w.ooden,
over the Beas in Kulu, viii. 336 ;
wooden, over the Indus at Kulutzai,
viii. 344; suspension, over the Kunhar,
at Garhi Habib-ulla, viii. 365 ; of
boats, over the Ravi and Sutlej in
Lahore, viii. 411, 412; iron, over the
Lakhandai, viii. 424 ; over the Langi'i-
liya at Chicacole, %'iii. 460 ; rope
suspension, over the Bhagirathi, near
the Loharinaig Falls, viii. 4S7 ; rail-
way, over the Keul at Luckeesarai, viii.
490 ; over the Sai in Lucknow, viii.
499 ; over the Gumti at Lucknow,
viii. 503 ; railway, over the Shimsha
at Maddiir, viii. 539 ; over the Adyar
at Madras, ix. 105 ; over the Ami at
Maghar, ix. 139 ; wooden, over the
Mahe at Mahe, ix. 171 ; at Mandalay,
ix. 288 ; suspension, over the Beas
at Mandi, ix. 298, 299 ; masonry, over
the Kal at Mangaon, ix. 315 ; over
the Sai at Mohan, ix. 471 ; over the
Morar at Morar, ix. 514; over the
Machhu at Morvi, ix. 519 ; railway,
over the Sutlej in Multan, x. 9 ; rail-
way, over the Kathna at Murwara,
X. 40 ; stone, over the Kabbani at
Nanjangad, x. 196 ; railway, over the
Narbada at Broach, Mortakka, Hosh-
angabad, and near Jabalpur, x. 210;
stone, over the Karamnasa at Naubat-
pur, X. 241 ; of boats, over the Kabul
at Naushahra, x. 242 ; at Newalganj-
cum-Maharajganj, x. 292 ; masonry,
over the Sankh at Nurabad, x. 418 ;
wooden, over the Betwa at Orchha, x.
426 ; wooden, over the Pa-de, x. 524 ;
railway, over the Palar at Malevatti,
and near Chengalpat, x. 541 ; over the
Jehlam at Pampur, xi. 24 ; at Panduah,
xi. 41 ; railway, girder, over the Papa-
ghni, near Kamalapur, xi. 53 ; at
Pasrur, xi. 80 ; wooden, over the Pegu
at Pegu, xi. 126 ; railway, over the
Piali, xi. 169 ; of boats, over the Deoha
at Pilibhit, xi. 180 ; over the Muta at
Poona, xi. 212 ; over the Ka-ma-aung
at Pyaw-bhway, xi. 337 ; over the Bina
at Rahatgarh, xi. 346 ; over the
Sai at Rai Bareli, xi. 352, 360; wooden,
over the Pabar at Raingarh, xi. 366 ;
of boats, over the Ganges at Ramghat,
xi. 499 ; of boats, over the Jumna at
Rapri, xi. 511 ; of boats, over the Ravi,
xii. 15; suspension, over the Jehlam at
Kohala, xii. 20 ; over the Sohan, near
Rawal Pindi, xii. 20, xiii. 47 ; railway,
over the Indus at Rohri (under con-
struction), xii. 67 ; masonry, over the
Rushikulya at Aska, xii. 87 ; at Sakit,
xii. 146 ; iron-girder, over the Hema-
vati at Sukleshpur, xii. 147; at Salim-
pur, xii. 167 ; from Salsetteto Bombay,
xii. 168 ; over the Baya at Sarya, xii.
272 ; ruined, over the Ganges at
Sayyidpur(N.-W. P.), xiv. 300 ; stone,
over the Sher at Dongri, xii. 309, 379 ;
52
INDEX.
over the Saraswati at Sewan, xii. 322 ;
over the Khanaut at Shahjahanpur,xii.
356 ; railway, iron-girder, over the
Sher, near Narsinghpur, xii. 379 ; over
the Aik at Sialkot, xii. 452 ; railway,
over the Indus at Sukkur (under con-
struction), xii. 523, xiii.92; wooden, over
the Lakhandai at Sitamarhi, xiii. 26 ;
over the Kaveri at Sivasamudram, xiii.
43 ; railway, over the Son at Kollwar,
xiii. 53 ; iron, suspension, over the
Dikru at Sonapur, xiii. 58 ; masonry
and iron, over the Burhganga at Soron,
xiii. 67 ; over the Jehlam at Srinagar,
xiii. 76 ; railway, iron-girder, over the
Tapti at Surat, xiii. 129; over the
Sutlej at Phillaur and Bahawalpur,
xiii. 141 ; railway, over the Chittar at
Tinnevelli, xiii. 31 1 ; railway, over the
South-Western Tons, xiii. 339 ; over
the Tungabhadra at Harihar, and rail-
way, at Rampur in Bellary, xiii. 383 ;
railway, over the Ganges into Unao,
xiii. 434 ; railway, over the Vaiga,
near Madura, xiii. 460 ; over the
Vedavati at Hiriyar, and railway, at
Permadevanhalli, xiii. 465 ; over the
Wainganga at Chhapara, xiii. 512;
railway, over the Wadha at Pulgaon,
xiii. 530 ; railway, over the Chenab at
Wazirabad, xiii. 535 ; wooden, over the
Win-ba-daw creek, xiii. 537.
Briggs, Lt.-Col., translation of Firishta's
History of the Rise of the Miihainmadan
Fozver iit Ifidia, article 'India,' vi. 271,
273 (footnote) ; 285 (footnotes 2 and 4) ;
287 (footnote) ; 291 (footnotes). See
Firishta.
Briggs, Capt., chose Dhiilia as capital of
Khandesh, and built the city there, iv.
282.
Brindaban, sacred town in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, iii. 100, loi.
Brinjmohan, the trooper who caused the
mutiny at Meerut (1857), ix. 384.
British Administration of India. See
Administration.
British Burma. See Burma.
British conquest of India, not from the
.Mughals but from the Hindus, vi. 317.
British India, its twelve Provinces, area
and population in 1881, article 'India,'
vi. 43-45; also Appendices I. to X., vi.
689-703.
Brito y Nicote, Philip de, Portuguese ad-
venturer, made himself independent in
Pegu (1600), iii. 173, 176 ; ordered to
hold Syriam for the Arakanese, be-
-sieged there (161 3) by the King of
Ava, and impaled, v. 313, xi. 475,
xiii. 158; conquered Taung-ngu, xiii.
223-
Briion, Francis, President of Surat, died
1649, his tomb the earliest in the ceme-
tery, xiii. 135.
Britto, John de, Jesuit priest in Southern
India, murdered (1693), article ' India,'
vi. 245. Local notices — One of the
Madura Jesuits, ix. 122 ; among the
Maravars, ix. 126 ; martyred by the
Raja of^Ramnad, xi. 437 ; in Tinnevelli,
xiii. 303.
Broach, District in BomDay, iii. loi-iii ;
])hysical features, loi, 102; population,
102-105; trade guilds, 105; village
officials, 106 ; agriculture, 106- 108 ;
communications and trade, 108, 109 ;
history, 109 ; administration, 109, no ;
medical aspects, no, in.
Broach, Sub-division of Bombay, iii. m,
112.
Broach, town in Bombay, iii. 11 2- 115.
Brocades, article ' India,' vi. 603.
Local notices — Manufactured at Ahmad-
ahad, i. 96; Benares, ii. 266, x. 396;
Kathiawar, viii. 96 ; Lucknow, viii.
516 ; Surat, xiii. 129.
Brokpas, tribe in the Hindu Kush, v.
417.
Broughton, Gabriel, surgeon, obtained
maritime settlement for the East India
Company at Balasor (1642), ii. 5.
Brown, Capt. James, his settlement of
Hazaribagh (1774), v. 371.
Brown, J. H., astronomer at Trivandrum
Observatory (1852-65), xiii. 369.
Browne, Col. Horace, led expedition to
open trade route through Burma (1874),
iii. 228 ; Resident at Mandalay (1879),
iii. 229.
Browne, Sir S. J., took AH Masjid and
occupied Khaibar Pass (1878), viii.
127.
Brownlow, Sir C. H., commanded the
column from Chittagong against the
Lushais (1870-71), iii. 449, viii. 531.
Bruce's Annals (1668), quoted, on Chaul,
iii. 376.
Bruce, Robert, commander of flotilla in
first Burmese war, discovered wild tea
plant in Assam (1823), i. 365, iv. 135.
Brushas, tribe in the Hindu Kush, v.
417.
Bryce, Dr., pastor of St. Andrew's Kirk,
Calcutta, dispute with Bishop Middle-
ton, iii. 253.
Brydon, Dr., the solitary survivor of the
Kabul garrison in its retreat from
Afghanistan, vi. 408.
Bubak, town in Sind, iii. 1 15.
Bucephala, memorial city on the west
bank of the Jehlam, founded by
Alexander, and named after his
favourite charger, Bucephalus, near
the modern Jalalpur, vi. 165, vii. 81.
Buchanan - Hamilton, Dr. Francis, his
INDEX.
53
MS. Survey of Bengal, quoted, article
' India,' vi. 205, 206 (footnote 4) ; 207
(footnote i). Localnotices — quoted, on
the population of Bengal, ii. 292 ;
of Dinajpur, iv. 291, 292 ; on Fatwa,
iv. 435 ; the ruins of Gaur, v. 37 ;
of Giriyak, v. 85 ; on Gokarn, v. 142 ;
the population of Goalpara, v. 1 14;
on Jahanabad, vii. 43 ; the Jamuna,
vii. 135 ; the ruins of Kamatapur, vii.
351 ; on the Kols and Cherus, viii.
253 ; on silk-weaving in Maldah, ix.
245 ; discovered Buddhist idols at
Masar, ix. 351 ; the population of
Monghyr, ix. 490 ; the ruins of Pan-
duah, xi. 41, 42 ; of Patana, xi. 84 ;
the estate of Patgram, xi. 85 ; Patna
in 1810, xi. 108 ; the papulation of
Purniah, xi. 324; the Rajagriha anti-
quities, xi. 380, 381 ; population of
Rajmahal, xi. 390 ; of Rangpur, xi.
492 ; the hot springs of Rishikund,
xii. 57 ; temples at Rohtasgarh, xii. 78 ;
does not mention the Santals, xii. 237 ;
population of Seringapatam in 1800,
xii. 319 ; population of Shahabad, xii.
326 ; the Falls of Sivasamudram, xiii.
43 ; the Tangan River, xiii. 179.
Buckingham and Chandos, Duke of,
Governor of Madras (1875-80), ix.
67- . .
Buckingham Canal in Madras, navigation
on, article ' India,' vi. 553. Local
notices — Chengalpat, iii. 381 ; Madras,
ix. 115 ; Nellore, x. 269, 270.
Bud-Bud, village in Bengal, iii. IJ5.
Budaun, District in N.-W. Provinces, iii.
115-124 ; physical aspects, 115-117;
history, 117 -119; population, 119,
120; agriculture, 120, 121 ; natural
calamities, 121, 122; commerce,
etc., 122, 123; administration, 123 ;
medical aspects, 123, 124.
Budaun, tahsil of N.-W. Provinces, iii.
124.
Budaun, city in N.-W. Provinces, iii.
'24, 125. _ . ,. , .
Buddha, The Sakya, article ' India, vi.
176, 177. Local 7iotice: — Born at
Kapila, identified with Nagar-Khas, i.
426, vii. 440, X. 157; preached at Ahich-
hatra, ii. 107 ; lived at Benares, ii. 263 ;
Buddh Gaya, iii. 125 ; died at Kasia,
viii. 79 ; legend in connection with
Mahamuni Pagoda, ix. 156 ; with
Patna, xi. 106, 107 ; his cave at Raja-
griha, xi. 381 ; his visits to Sahet
iVIahet (Sravasti), xii. __I26-I34 ;_ first
preached at Sarnath, xii. 269 ; said to
have worshipped at Seringapatam, xii.
319-
Buddha, his Life, hisDoctrine, his Order,hy
Oldenberg, quoted, vi. 161 (footnote 3).
Buddha, Kasyapa, born and buried at
Tandwa, v. 507.
Buddh Gaya, village in Bengal , iii. 1 25- 1 27.
Buddhain, hill in Gaya District, Bengal,
iii. 127.
Buddhism, and life of Gautama Buddha,
article ' India,' vi., chap. v. pp. 132-162.
The story of Buddha modelled on the
pre-existing Indian epic type, 132-135 ;
Buddha and Rama compared, 132 ;
parentage of Buddha, his youth and early
married life, 133 ; his Great Renuncia-
tion, 133, 134; his Temptation in the
forest, 134; his 'Enlightenment,' 134,
135 ; his public teachings and disciples,
135 ; his conversions in the Gangetic
valley, and of his own family, 135, 136 ;
his last words and death, 136 ; different
versions of the legend of Buddha, 136,
137 ; biographies of Buddha, 137, 138 ;
the southern and northern versions,
138 ; political life of Buddha, 139 ;
defeat of his opponents by magical arts,
139, 140 ; overthrow of the schismatic
Devadatta, 140 ; Buddha as a Sakya
prince, 140 ; Chinese text of Buddha's
dying discourse, 141 ; his doctrines,
141 ; law oi Karma, 141, 142 ; law of
Nirvatia or 'liberation,' 142; moral
code of Buddhism, 143 ; missionary
aspects of Buddhism, 143 ; the four
great Buddhist Councils, 143-14.7 ; the
work of Asoka, his great Council, 144-
146 ; his Rock Edicts, 144, 145 ;
Asoka's missionary efforts, 146, 147 ;
his reformed canon of the Buddhist
scriptures, 146, 147 ; Kanishka's
Council and his three commentaries
on the Buddhist faith, 147 ; the
northern and southern canons, 147,
148 ; Buddhism as a national religion,
148 ; its religious orders and practi-
cal morality, 148, 149 ; spread of
Buddhism in the south to Ceylon, and
in the north to China, 149, 150;
Buddhist influence on Christianity, 150,
151 ; Buddha as a Christian saint, 151 ;
legend of saints Barlaam and Josaphat,
151, 152 ; a Japanese temple, its
analogies to Hinduism and Christianity,
152 ; Buddha as an incarnation of
Vishnu, 153 ; Buddha's personality
denied, 153, 154; continuous co-
existence of Buddhism and Brahman -
ism, 154 ; modern Hinduism, the
joint product of both religions, 154,
155 ; Buddhism in India in the 7th
century A. D. , 156; Council of Siladitya,
156 ; Siladitya's charity, 156, 157 ;
monastery of Nalanda, 157 ; mingling
of Buddhism and Brahmanism, 157 ;
victory of Brahmanism, 157, 158 ;
Buddhism an exiled religion from India,
54
INDEX.
158 ; its foreign conquests, 158 ;
Buddhist survivals in India, 158-162 ;
the Jains, 158-162; Jain doctrines, 159;
Tain temple cities, 159; relation of
jainism to Buddhism, 159, 160; anti-
quity of the Jains, 160, 161 ; date of
the Jain scriptures, 161, 162 ; the
Jains an independent sect, 162; modern
Jainism, 162.
Buddhist antiquities, in Afghanistan, i.
53 ; Afghan-Turkistan, i. 56 ; Ajodhya,
i. 134 ; Allahabad, i. 186, 198 ;
Amherst, i. 236, 237 ; Amravati, i.
251, 252; Araraj, i. 306; Asarur, i.
337 ; Aurungabad, i. 388 ; Bagh, i.
414 ; Bahraich, i. 427 ; in Bara Banki,
ii. 107; Barabar Hills, ii. 1 16; Bar-
kiir, ii. 157 ; in Behar, ii. 227 ; Behir,
ii. 229 ; Benares, ii. 266 ; Bezwada,
ii. 336 ; Bhagalpur, ii. 348 ; Bhilsa, ii.
393, 394; Buddh Gaya, iii. 125-127 ;
Champaran, iii. 334, 335 ; Chaul, iii.
377 ; Chiplun, iii. 421 ; Dalmi, iv.
100 ; Dam-ma-tha, iv. 104 ; Dheri
Shahan, iv. 270 ; Ellora, iv. 349 ;
Eran, iv. 354 ; Gaya, v. 47, 49 ;
Ghazipur, v. 63 ; Gorakhpur, v. 165 ;
Hpa-gat, V. 465, 466 ; Ikauna, v. 507 ;
Jaggayyapet, vii. 42; Laghman valley,
vii. 76 ; Jhang, vii. 207 ; Junagarh,
vii. 263 ; Junnar, vii. 264 ; Kamriip,
vii. 356; Karakal, vii. 463; Karanja,vii.
467; Kasia,viii. 79; Kathiawar, viii. 90;
Khajurahu, viii. 140 ; Khandgiri, viii.
159 ; Kolhapur, viii. 285 ; Mahabali-
pur, ix. 143-149; Pale, near Mahad,
ix. 154; Manikiala, ix. 320; Meerut,
ix. 393; Muttra, x. 53'; Naltigiri, x.
187; N.-W. Provinces, x. 362, 363;
Orissa, x. 429 ; Oudh, x. 484 ;
Padrauna, x. 526 ; Patna, xi. 94 ;
Peshawar, xi. 1 58 ; Rajagriha, xi. 380,
381 ; Rani-nur, xi. 507, 508 ; Sahet
5lahet or Sravasti, xii. 127 - 134 ;
Sanchi, xii. 194-196; Sankisa, xii.
223, 224 ; Sarnath, xii. 269, 270 ;
Shivner, xii. 410; Tamluk, xiii. 172;
Udayagiri, xiii. 414, 415 ; Lake Wulur,
xiii. 538.
Buddhist influences on later religions,
analogies of a Japanese temple to Hin-
duism and Christianity, vi. 152, 202.
Buddhist kings. See Asoka.
Buddhist monasteries, at Buddh Gaya,
iii. 127 ; in Lower Burma, iii. 18 1 ;
Gramang, v. 175 ; Mandalay, ix. 389 ;
Patur, xi. 118; Sikkim, xii. 486;
Spiti, xiii. 70-72.
Buddhist temples, at Amarapura, i. 210 ;
Ava, i. 3S9 ; Bandarban, ii. 57 ;
Gramang, v. 75 ; Hajipur, v. 291 ;
Kanum, vii. 438; Mahamuni, ix. 155,
156. Sec Pagodas, Burmese.
Buddhist population in India, article
' India,' vi. 136 (and footnote). See
also Appendix V., vi. 693.
Buddhists, special mention of, in Akyab,
i. 154; Amherst, i. 237; Assam, i.
359 ; Bassein, ii. 196 ; Bengal, ii. 292 ;
Bhutan, ii. 415 ; Lower Burma, iii.
178, 179 ; Chittagong, iii. 43^ ;
Dabling, iv. 77; Goalpara, v. 1 14;
Hanthawadi, v. 314 ; Henzada, v.
385 ; Kamriip, vii. 359 ; Kangra, vii.
418 ; Kashmir, viii. 69 ; Kumaun, viii.
352; Kunawar, viii. 362; Kyauk-
pyu, viii. 386; Ladakh, viii. 396;
Lahul, viii. 421 ; Lakhimpur, viii.
430 ; Mergui, ix. 408 ; Nepal, x. 279 ;
Prome, xi. 230 ; Punjab, xi. 272, 274;
Salwin Hill Tracts, xii. 175 ; Sando-
way, xii. 201 ; Shwe-gyin, xii. 431 ;
Sibsagar, xii. 464 ; Sikkim, xii. 486 ;
Spiti, xiii. 70-72; Taung-ngu, xiii. 223 ;
Tavoy, xiii. 230 ; Tharawadi, xiii. 272 ;
Thayet-myo, xiii. 280; Thon-gwa, xiii.
290.
Buddri. See Bhadri.
Budge-Budge. See Baj-Baj.
Budhana, town and tahs'il in N.-W.
Provinces, iii. 127, 128.
Budhata, village in Bengal, iii. 128.
Budhpur, village in Bengal, iii. 128.
Budihal, village and tdhtk in jNIysore,
iii. 128.
Biidikot, village in Mysore, iii. 129.
Buffaloes, article ' India,' vi. 520. Local
notices — Assam, i. 349 ; Bikaner, ii.
439; Cachar, iii. 234; Chitaldriig,
iii. 426 ; Kolar, viii. 276 ; Monghyr,
ix. 479 ; Nilgiri Hills, x. 319 ;
Palni Mountains, xi. 19; Punjab, xi.
259 ; Sagar, xii. 105 ; Shimoga, xii.
404 ; Sind, xii. 507 ; Tumkiir, xiii.
379-
Buffaloes, Wild, article ' India,', vi. 658.
Local notices~-l\on\\ Arcot, i. 312 ;
Assam, i. 349 ; Balaghat, i. 453 ;
Bhagalpur, ii. 343 ; Bogra, iii. 26 ;
Upper Burma, iii. 212 ; Cachar, iii.
234 ; Chittagong Hill Tracts, iii. 448 ;
Darrang, iv. 142 ; Dinajpur, iv. 291 ;
Eastern Dwars, iv. 329 ; Faridpur, iv.
397 ; Garo Hills, v. 26 ; Goalpara, v.
112; Gwalior, v. 229; Himalaya
^Mountains, v. 409 ; Indore, vii. 2 ;
Talpaiguri, vii. 109 ; Kamrup, vii. 355 ;
Khasi Hills, viii. 173; Lakhimpur,
viii. 427 ; ^Nlaimansingh, ix. 192 ;
Manipur, ix. 325 ; ^Nlidnapur, ix. 425 ;
Monghyr, ix. 481 ; Naga Hills, x. 143 ;
Noakhali, x. 341 ; Pabna, x. 512 ;
Palasgaon, x. 542 ; Patna State, xi.
115 ; Phuljhar, xi. 168; Rajshahi, xi.
429 ; Rangpur, xi. 489 ; Sibsagar, xii.
460; Singhbhum, xii. 531; the Sun-
INDEX.
55
darbans, xiii. 109, 389 ; Sylhet, xiii.
145 ; Tipperah, xiii. 314.
Buffalo Rocks, a group of rocks off Cape
Negrais, Lower Burma, iii. 129.
Biihler, Dr. G., Tou7-in Search of Sanskrit
Jl/SS. , published in the Jourtial of the
Bombay Branch of the Asiatic Society,
No. xxxiv. A, vol. xii., 1S77, quoted, vi.
102 (footnotes i and 3); Digest of the
Hindu Law of Inheritance, Partition ,
and Adoption, 117 (footnote 2).
Building stone. See Gneiss, Granite,
Marble, and Quarries.
Biikera, village in Sind, iii. 129.
Bukkacherla, village in Madras, iii. 129.
Bukkapatnam, town in Madras, iii. 129.
Bukkarayasamudram. See Bakkarayasa-
mudram.
Bukkur, fortified island in Sind, iii.
130.
Bulandshahr, District of N.-W. Provinces,
iii. 130-141 ; physical aspects, 131-133 ;
history, 133-135; population, 135, 136;
agriculture, 136-13S ; natural calamities,
138 ; commerce and trade, 138, 139 ;
administration, 139, 140 ; medical
aspects, 140, 141.
Bulandshahr, town in N.-W. Provinces,
iii. 141, 142.
Bulcherry. See Balchari.
Buldana, District in Berar, iii. 142-148 ;
physical aspects, 142, 143 ; history,
143, 145 ; population, 145 ; agriculture,
145 - 147 ; natural calamities, 147 ;
manufactures and trade, 147 ; roads
and railways, 147 ; administration,
147, 148 ; meteorological and medical
aspects, 148.
Bulsar, Sub-division of Bombay, iii. 148.
Bulsar, port and town in Bombay, iii. 149.
Bulti, tract of country in Kashmir, iii.
149-
Bui - Tul, pass near Kashmir valley,
iii. 149.
Bumawadi, township in Lower Burma,
iii. 149.
Bunas, aboriginal tribe in Faridpur, iv.
400, 402 ; Pabna, x. 514.
Bund, town in Punjab, iii. 150.
Bundala, town in Punjab, iii. 150.
Bundelas, a Rajput tribe, formerly the
ruling race in Bundelkhand, ousted by
the Marathas, article ' India,' vi. and
footnote. Local notices — Overran
Allahabad, i. 187 ; not numerous in
Banda, though giving their name to the
District, ii. 50 ; their history, iii. 154,
155 ; in Central India, iii. 295 ; con-
quered Damoh from the Gonds (1500),
and lost it to the Marathas (1750), iv.
108, 109 ; in Hamirpur, v. 301 ; con-
quered Jalaun, vii. 94 ; Jhansi, vii.
217; their numbers there, vii. 222;
held Kalinjar fort, vii. 332 ; their rule
in Chanderi, viii. 448 ; mutineers in
1857 in Lalitpur, viii. 449, 450 ;
their importance there, viii. 451 ;
Orchha, their oldest principality, x. 425 ;
their insurrection in Sagar(i842), xii.
102.
Bundare, village in Madras, iii. 150.
Bundelkhand, tract of country in Central
India, iii. 150-157 ; physical aspects,
151, 152 ; population, 152 ; agriculture,
152-154 ; area, population, etc., 153 ;
history, 154-157.
Biindi, State in Rajputana, iii. 157-159-
Biindi, town in Rajputana, iii. 159, 160.
Bun era, town in Rajputana, iii. 160.
Bunhar, hill river in Punjab, iii. 160.
Bun-maw, pagoda in Lower Burma, iii.
160, 161.
Burabalang, river of Orissa, iii. 161.
See also Balasor District.
Bura Dharla, tributary of the Dharla
river, Bengal, iii. 161.
Bura Mantreswar, name sometimes given
to the Hugli river, Bengal, iii. 161.
Bura Tista, old channel of the Tista river,
Bengal, iii. 161.
Burdikas, Baluchi tribe in the Upper
Sind Frontier, xiii. 440.
Burdis, Baluchi tribe in the Upper Sind
frontier, xiii. 440, 441, 442.
Burdu, town in Central India, iii. 161.
Burgess, Mr., Archaological Survey of
Western India and other works, quoted
or referred to, on Mount Abii, i. 4, 5 ;
Ajanta, i. II4-116; Aurungabad, i.
388 ; Bhadreswar, ii. 340 ; Elephanta,
iv. 341, 342; Ellora, iv. 349, 350;
Junagarh, vii. 263; Kera, viii. 116;
Kotal, ^^ii. 302, 303 ; Palitana, xi.
5-8 ; Than, xiii. 248, 249.
Burghi'ir, hills in Madras, iii. i5i.
Burghur, village in Madras, iii. 161.
Biirha, town and tahsil in Central Pro-
vinces, iii. 161, 162.
Burbana. See Budhana.
Burhan Nizam Shah, kingof Ahmadnagar
(149S-1553), defeated by the king of
Bijapur, i. 108.
Burhampur, tahsil in Central Provinces,
iii. 163.
Burhampur, town in Central Provinces,
iii. 163-165.
Burhapara, fargand in Oudh, iii. 165,
166.
Burhee. See Barhi.
Buri Dihing, river of Assam, iii. 166.
Buri Gandak, river of Bengal, iii. 166.
Buriganga, river in Bengal, iii 166, 167.
Burin-naung (or Branginoco), wealthiest
ruler of Pegu (1550-81), iii. 175, xi.
228,229,475.
Burirhat, village in Bengal, iii. 167.
56
INDEX.
Buriya, town in Punjal), iii. 167.
Burma in ancient liines and in the 15th
century a.d., article 'India,' vi. 403 ;
encroachments on India and first Bur-
mese war (1824-26), 403, 404; annexation
of Assam, Arakan, and Tenasserim,
404 ; second Burmese war (1852) and
annexation of Pegu, 413, 414 ; pro-
sperity of Burma under British rule,
414 ; annexation of Upper Burma (1st
January 18S6), 430 ; export of rice
from, 572 ; trans-frontier trade with,
588-590 ; geology of, 639, 640.
Burma, British (now Lower), iii. 167-209 ;
area and population, 168 ; physical
aspects, 168-172; history, 172-176;
population, 176-178; religion and
ethnography, 178-185; social con-
dition of people, 1S5-192 ; land tenures,
192, 193 ; wages and prices, 193, 194 ;
means of communication, 194, 195 ;
commerce, manufactures, etc., 195-201 ;
mines and quarries, 201 ; coal, 201,
202 ; forests, 202-205 > revenue, etc.,
206; administrative statistics, 206,
207 ; education, 207 ; medical aspects,
climate, etc., 207-209.
Burma, Independent (now Upper), iii.
209-229 ; natural products, 210 ; forests,
210, 211 ; minerals, 211 ; wild animals,
212 ; domestic animals, 212 ; popula-
tion, 212, 213 ; administration, 213-
216 ; revenue, 216, 217 ; arts and
manufactures, 217, 218 ; commerce,
218, 219 ; money, 219 ; weights, 219,
220 ; calendar, 220 ; language and
literature, 220 ; history, 220-229.
Burmese, The, conquerors of the Ahams,
i. 80 ; in Arakan, i. 152 ; in Assam, i.
344 ; their history, iii. 220-229 ; con-
quest of Mandalay (1886), ix. 288 ;
conquered Pegu, xi. 127.
Burmese architecture. See Architecture,
Burmese.
Burmese War, First (1824-26), article
' India,' vi. 403, 404. Local notices —
Under Akyab, i. 153, 154; Assam
annexed, i. 344 ; Bassein taken and
evacuated, ii. 195 ; Upper Burma, iii.
223-225 ; Raja of Cachar restored by,
iii. 232; British detachment annihi-
lated at Ramu, iii. 437 ; in Henzada,
V. 384; Mergui stormed, ix. 408;
capture of Ramri, xi. 464 ; Rangoon
taken and evacuated, xi. 483 ; caused
by an attack on the island of Shahpuri,
xii. 370 ; capture of Syriam, xiii. 159 ;
annexation of Tavoy, xiii. 229 ; opera-
tions at Donabyu in Thon-gwa, xiii.
289 ; terminated by treaty of Vandabu,
xiii. 548.
Burmese War, Second (1S52), article
' India,' vi. 413 ; Bassein annexed, ii.
195 ; Upper Burma, iii. 226, 227 ; the
battles of Akauk-taung, v. 384, 385 ;
operations at and round Pegu, xi. 128 ;
Rangoon captured, xi. 483 ; the Shwe-
Dagon pagoda captured, xii. 428 ;
fighting round Shwe-maw-daw, xii.
437 ; capture of Taung-ngu, xiii. 227 ;
of Donabyu in Thon-gwa, xiii. 289.
Burlton, Lt., murdered by the Khasis
(1829), viii. 171.
Burn, Col., drove the Sikhs out of
Muzafifarnagar( 1804), x. 69 ; surrounded
at Shamli by the Marathas, xii. 375.
Burnell, Dr., Paheography of Soiithcrti
India, quoted, article ' India,' vi. 103
(footnote); The Ordi7tatices of Manu,
114 (footnotes); Daya-vibhagha, 1 17
(footnote) ; 195 (footnote 2) ; identifies
Kankanhalli with the Konkanapur of
Hiuen Tsiang, vii. 434 ; on the Syrian
Christians of Kodungalur, viii. 240 ;
researches into the early history of
Madras, ix. 9 ; on the derivation of the
name Madras, ix. 103 ; on the cross
found at St. Thomas' Mount, xii. 143,
144 ; catalogued the Tanjore library,
xiii. 196.
Burnes, Sir Alexander, assassination of,
in Kabul (1841), vi. 408. Local
7iotices — His description of Afghan-
istan, i. 31 ; made Resident at Kabul,
i. 49 ; and murdered there, i. 50 ;
identifies ruins of Udainagar with
Nicaea, iv. 122; estimate of the revenue
of Herat, v. 392 ; on the term Hindu
Kush, V. 418 ; on Jalalabad, vii. 77 ;
his camp nearly flooded in Khaibar
Pass, viii. 124 ; allowed to go up tiie
Indus by the Mirs of Sind (1830), xii.
514-
Burr, Col., defeated the Marathas at
Kirki (1817), viii. 221.
Burroughes, Sir William, portrait of, l>y
Lawrence, in High Court, Calcutta,
iii. 251.
Burrows, Gen., his defeat at Maiwand
(1880), vii. 395, 396.
Burt, Capt., on the temples at Kha-
jurahu, viii. 140.
Burton, Lt. , first discovered connection
of the Tsanpu with the Brahmaputra,
vii. 19.
Bushkariks, tribe in the Hindu Kush,
v. 417.
Bussy, M. de, got Adoni for the son of
Muzaffar Jang (1752), i. 27 ; capture
of Bobbili (1756), iii. 21, xii. 485 ;
ruled the Northern Circars, iii. 469,
xii. 484, 485 ; recalled by Lally, iv. 3 ;
took Gingi (1750), and repulsed the
English (1752), V. 84 ; took the British
fnctorvat Ingaram (1757), vii. iS; took
Karnul (1752), viii. 52 ; his admini-
INDEX.
57
stration of Kistna District, viii. 22S ;
his policy, ix. 13 ; head-quarters of
Rajamahendri (1754-57), xi. 383 ; took
Vizagapatam (1757), xiii. 49S ; taken
prisoner at Wandiwash (1760), xiii.
518.
Butan. See Bhutan.
Butana, town in Punjab, iii. 229, 230.
Butchireddipalem. See Bachireddipalem.
Butler, Capt., killed by the Nagas(i875},
X. 145.
Buxar. See Baxar.
B«ot-le. See Pa-de.
Byadgi. See Baladgi.
Cabot's attempt to reach India by way of
the north-west passage, vi. 363.
Cabral's expedition to India (1500), and
establishment of factories at Calicut
and Cochin, article ' India,' vi. 358.
Local notices — iii. 269 ; iv. 1 1 .
Cachar, District in Assam, iii. 230-239 ;
history, 230 - 232 ; physical aspects,
232-234 ; population, 234-236 ; agri-
culture, 236, 237 ; manufactures, trade,
etc., 237, 23S ; tea cultivation and
manufacture, 238; administration, 23S,
239 ; medical aspects, 239.
Cacharis, a semi-Hinduized aboriginal
tribe of Assam and Xorth-Eastern
Bengal, article 'India,' vi. 71 (foot-
note). Local notices — Called Kochs,
when of Hindu religion, in Cachar, iii.
230, 231 ; their rising (1881), iii. 232 ;
number of, iii. 235 ; Kamrup, vii.
355-359 ; Lakhimpur, viii. 431 ; Xow-
gong, X. 409 ; Sibsagar, xii. 464. See
also Kochs.
Calamities, natural. See Natural calami-
ties.
Caird, Sir James, on the factory workers
in Bombay, iii. 81.
Calastri. i>ee Kalahasti.
Calcutta founded (1686), article 'India,'
vi. 371 ; capture of, by Siraj-ud-Daula,
and the Black Hole, 381 ; re-capture of,
by Clive, 381, 382 ; canals, 553 ; as a
seaport and its share of trade, 559,
560 ; iii. 239-268 ; history, 240-243 ;
in the last century, 243-245 ; as the
capital of India, 245-247 ; modern city
of, 247-249 ; native quarters of, 249 ;
monuments and public buildings, 250,
251 ; churches, 251-253 ; Hugli bridge,
253 ; town of, 253, 254 ; census, 254-
256 ; religious and caste classification,
256 ; governing body, 256, 257 ; water-
supply, 257, 258 ; drainage works,
258 ; police, 258 ; jails, 258 ; educa-
tion, 259 ; medical charities, 259,
260 ; mortuary returns, 260 ; tempera-
ture, 260 ; cyclones, 260, 261 ; port,
261, 262; shipping and tonnage, 262;
foreign sea-borne commerce, 262-264 ;
imports, 264 ; exports, 264-269 ; trea-
sure, 266 ; coasting trade, 266, 267 ;
landward trade, 267, 268.
Caldecott, John, first astronomer at the
Trivandrum Observatory, xiii. 369.
Caldwell, Bishop, Comparative Grammar
of the Dravidiafi Latigitages, quoted,
article ' India,' vi. 65-68, and foot-
notes ; 173 (footnote 2) ; 240 (foot-
note l) ; 327 (footnotes 2 and 3); 328
(footnote) ; 330 (footnote 2) ; 332
(footnote) ; 340 (footnote i) ; 369
(footnote). Local notices — Asserts
Brahuis to be Dravidian, iii. 98 ; on
temple of Gangaikandapur, iv. 465 ;
asserts Kandhs to be allied to the
Gonds, vii. 401 ; on the term Karnatik,
viii. 31, 32; indentifies Ptolemy's
' Kolkai Emporium ' with Korkai, and
Marco Polo's 'Gail' with Old Kayal,
viii. 107 ; on the language of the
Kurumbas, viii. 377 ; his researches
into the early history of Madras, ix. 9 ;
on the affix ' bar' in Malabar, ix. 217 ;
on the language of the Todas, x. 310 ;
en the cromlechs on the Nilgiris, x.
322, 323 ; on the kingdom of Pandya,
xi. 42 ; on the early history of Tinne-
velli, xiii. 299 ; consecrated Assistant
Bishop (1877), xiii. 304.
Caldwell, Capt., improved 'Grand Anicut'
in Tanjore (1830), xiii. 189.
Calian, historic town in Madras, iii. 268.
Calian. See Kalyan.
Calico, derived from Calicut, iii. 269.
Calicut, taluk in Madras, iii. 268.
Calicut, town in Madras, iii. 286-270 ;
visits of Vasco da Gama to, and es-
tablishment of a Portuguese factory,
■^'i- 357> 358 ; attempt of the English to
establish a factory at, vi. 367.
Calimere Point, promontory in Madras,
iii. 270.
Calinga. See Kalinga.
Calingapatam. See Kalingapatam.
Call, Mr., his works on Fort St. George,
ix. 107.
Callayi. See Kallayi.
Calliaud, Gen., took KondapalH (1766),
viii. 287 ; his battle with Lally at St.
Thomas' Mount (1759), xii. 143; his
operations against Madura (1757)
covered by Muhammand Yusaf, xii.
422.
Calventura, rocks in Lower Burma, iii.
270.
Calvmistic Mission, Welsh. See Missions.
Camalapur. See Kamalapur.
Cambay, State in Bombay, iii. 271-273.
Cambay, chief town of State in Bombay,
iii. 273, 274.
58
INDEX.
Cambay Gulf, strip of sea near Kaihia-
war, iii. 274, 275.
Camels, article ' India,' vi. 520. Local
notices — Afghanistan, i. 38 ; Afghan-
Turkistan, i. 55 ; Bikaner, ii. 439 ;
Cutch, iv. 62 ; Hissar, v. 430 ; Jai>al-
mer, vii. 68, 69 ; Jerruck, vii. 180 ;
Jhang, vii. 210; Joclhpur, vii. 239;
Montgomery, ix. 500 ; Nav\anagar, x.
252 ; Punjab, xi. 259 ; Rajputana, xi.
41S ; Rawal Pindi, xii. 31 ; Sind, xii.
507 ; Thar and Parkar, xiii. 264 ;
Upper Sind Frontier, xiii. 466.
Camel-hair embroidered shawls, vi. 603.
Camel's Hump, peak in Madras, iii. 275.
Camp of Exercise on the plain of Panipat,
(1885), xi. 47.
Campbell, Sir Archibald, Governor of
Madras (1786-89), ix. 67.
Campbell, Gen. Sir Archibald, in the
first Burmese war (1824-26), i. 153,
iii. 223-225 ; marched up the Irawadi
valley, after capture of Donabyu, v.
384 ; detached force to Mergui, ix.
40S; took Prome, xi. 236 ; his capture
of ihe stockades at Donabyu, xiii. 289.
Campbell, Dr., Superintendent of Darji-
ling, seized by Raja of Sikkim (1849),
iv. 131, xii. 485 ; estimate of popula-
tion of Sikkim, xii. 485, 486; founded
fair of Titalya, xiii. 335.
Campbell, Sir Colin (Lord Clyde), relief
of Lucknow by, article ' India,' vi.
421 ; campaign in Oudh, 421, 422.
Local notices — His operations round
Cawnpur, iii. 283, 291, 292; his relief
of Lucknow, viii. 514; and final con-
quest of that city, viii. 515 ; his cam-
paigns in Oudh, x. 495, 496 ; occupied
Shahjahanpur, xii. 346.
Campbell, Sir George, Specimens of the
Languages of India, quoted, article
' India,' vi. 67 (footnote). Local
notices — Lt. -Governor of Bengal (1871-
74), ii. 279 ; Chief Commissioner of the
Central Provinces (1867-70), iii. 320;
his Educational Reforms, impetus
given by, to education in Bakarganj, i.
448 ; Balasor, ii. 10 ; Bhagalpur, ii.
351; Cachar, iii. 238; Champaran,
iii. 343, 344 ; Dacca, iv. 87, 88 ;
Darrang, iv. 149 ; Faridpur, iv. 406 ;
Goalpara, v. 1 19; Kamrup, vii. 364,
365 ; Lakhimpur, viii. 437 ; Maiman-
singh, ix. 200 ; Maldah, ix. 247 ;
Manbhum, ix. 285 ; Monghyr, ix. 488 ;
iMurshidabad, x. 30 ; Nadiya, x. 140 ;
Noakhali, x. 351 ; Pabna, x. 519 ;
Patna, xi. 104, 105 ; Puri, xi. 309 ;
Purniah, xi. 330 ; Rajshahi, xi. 438 ;
Rangpur, xi. 500 ; Santal Parganas,
xii. 235 ; Saran, xii. 258 ; Shahabad,
xii- 111, ; Sibsagar, .\ii. 470 ; Sylhet,
xiii. 155, 156; Tipperah, xiii. 320;
Twenty-four Parganas, xiii. 398.
Campbellpur, cantonment in Punjab, iii.
275-
Canals in Sind and Bom'oay, article
' India,' vi. 530, 531 ; the three great
Punjab canals, 531, 532 ; the Doab
canals in the jS'.-\V. Provinces, 532,
533 ; Orissa canal system, 534 ; the
Son canals and irrigation in Bengal,
534, 535 ; irrigation works in the
Madras deltas, 536, 537. Local notices —
The Agra, i. 76, 77 ; at AUeppi, i.
200 ; the Arrah, i. 334, 335 ; at Ashta-
gram, i. 338 ; in Bahawaipur, i. 422 ;
the Bali, ii. 12 ; the Baliaghata, ii.
12 ; the Banka, ii. 75 ; the Bari Doab,
ii. 153-155; the Baxar, ii. 220; in
Behar, ii. 224; in Bengal, ii. 315;
the Bihiya, ii. 422 ; in Bombay, 111.
55 ; the Bukkacherla, iii. 129 ; in
Lower Burma, iii. 195 ; the Chausa,
iii. 378 ; the Buckingham in Chen-
galpat, iii. 381 ; the Chik Devaraj
Sagar, iii. 409; the Chilka, iii. 417;
the Circular Road, iii. 469 ; in
Cochin, iv. 7 ; Cuddapah, iv. 53, 54 ;
Cuttack, iv. 67 ; Dakatia, iv. 96 ;
works at Dehri, iv. 177 ; the Diamond
Harbour, iv. 284 ; the Ellore, iv. 351 ;
the Bhognipur in Etawah, iv. 368 ; the
Ganges in Etawah, iv. 372 ; the
Ganges, iv. 472 - 475 ; the Lower
Ganges, iv. 475-477 ; in Ganjam, v. 7 ;
Gaya, v. 44, 45; Godavari, v. 133 ;
the Ganges, starts from Hardwar, v.
334 ; the Western Jumna in Hariana,
V. 337 ; the Hash, v. 344, 345 ; in
Hoshiarpur, v. 452 ; in Hugh', v. 490 ;
on the Indus, vii. 15, 16 ; the Eastern
Jumna, vii. 356-358; the Western
Jumna, vii. 358-361 ; in Karnal, viii.
39 ; at Kashmor, viii. 79 ; the
Kendrapara, viii. I13, II4; in Khair-
pur, viii. 133 ; the Khanwah, viii. 164,
165 ; the Corbyn-wah, Khushab, viii.
213, 214 ; the Kistna, viii. 237 ; in
Larkhana, viii. 462 ; the Machhgaon,
viii. 533 ; the Bari Doab, head-works
at Madhupur, viii. 543 ; the Karnul-
Cuddapah, ix. 44 ; the Buckingham,
ix. 115; Maghiana, ix. 139, 140 ;
the Mahanadi system, ix. 158- 163 ; in
Malabar, ix. 233 ; the Mandapetta, ix.
292 ; in Mehar, ix. 396 ; the Midna-
pur High Level, ix. 434, 435 ; in
Montgomery, ix. 494 ; in Multan, x.
2, 3 ; in Muzaffargarh, x. 57 ; from the
Eastern and Western Nara, x. 200,
201 ; in Naushahro, x. 243 ; in Noa-
khali, x. 340, 350 ; in the N.-VV. Pro-
vinces, X. 382 ; in Orissa, x. 461 ; at
Passur, xi. So ; the Patna, xi. 114 ;
INDEX.
59
from the Tenner, xi. 133 ; in Peshawar
city, xi. 158 ; the East Coast at Porto
Novo, xi. 222 ; in the Punjab, xi. 278,
281 ; in Kohri, xii. 64 ; works at
Rupar, xii. 83 ; the Ri'tpnarayan and
Rasulpur, xii. 84, 85 ; workshops at
Rurki, xii. 86 ; works at Saharanpur,
xii. 125 ; in Satara, xii. 281 ; at 8at-
khira, xii. 287 ; at Seringapatam, xii.
320 ; the Son, xii. 325, 326 ; in Shah-
pur, xii. 359, 368 ; at Shikarpur, xii.
395 ; in Shwe-g)-in, xii. 433 ; the
Sirhind, xii. 552 ; the Upper >ohag,
xiii. 45, 46 ; the Lower Sohag, xiii.
46 ; the Son system, xiii. 54-57 ; in
Srinagar, xiii. 75 ; in Sukkur, xiii. 91 ;
the Calcutta, xiii. 1 14; the Swat
river (under constructinn), xiii. 142;
the Taldanda, xiii. 165 ; in Tando
Muhammad Khan, xiii. 177 ; in Tan-
jore, xiii. 191 ; in Thar and Parkar,
xiii. 262, 263 ; Tolly's Ndld, xiii. 336 ;
at Twan-te, xiii. 386 ; in the Twenty-
four Parganas, xiii. 388, 389 ; at
Umarkot, xiii. 420 ; in Unao, xiii.
427 ; Upper Sind Frontier, xiii. 439.
See also local notices of the principal
Canals under their alphabetical head-
ings.
Canara, North. See Kanara.
Canara, South. See Kanara.
Candahar. See Kandahar.
Cane, Sugar. See Sugar-cane.
Cannanore, town and port in Madras, iii.
275, 276.
Canning, Earl, Governor - General of
India (1856-62), article 'India,' vi.
417-424. The Mutiny of 1857-58, 417-
424 ; downfall of the Company, 422 ;
India transferred to the Crown, and the
Queen's Proclamation, 423, 424 ; the
first Viceroy, 424 ; financial and legal
reforms, 424. Local 7iotices — His state-
visit to Lucknow, viii. 5^5 ! moved
capital of N.-W. Provinces from Agra
to Allahabad, x. 369 ; his proclamation
confiscating the soil of Oudh, x. 503.
Canning, Lady, tomb of, in Barrackpur
Park, ii. 175.
Canning, Port. See Port Canning.
Cantonments and military stations. Fort
Abazai, i. 2 ; Abbottabad, i. 2, 3 ;
Aden, i. 14 ; Agra, i. 68 ; Ahmadabad,
i. 97 ; Ahmadnagar, i. 109 ; Alipur, i.
180; Allahabad, i. 192; Ambala, i.
224, 225; Amritsar, i. 264; Asirgarh,
i- 338, 339; Attock, i. 381, 382;
Aurangabad, i. 388 ; Bakloh, i. 450 ;
Banda, ii. 55 ; Bangalore, ii. 66-68, 71,
72 ; Bareilly, ii. 145, 146 ; Barrackpur,
ii. 175, 176; Baxa, ii. 219, 220; Bel-
gaum, ii. 238; Bellary, ii. 250, 251;
Benares, ii. 262 ; Berhampur (Madras),
ii. 324 ; Berhampur (Bengal), ii. 325 ;
Bhuj, ii. 40S ; Bolaram, iii. 34 ; Bom-
bay, iii. 83 ; Calcutta, iii. 254 ; Calicut,
iii. 268-270 ; Campbellpur, iii. 275 ;
Cannanore, iii. 275, 276 ; Cawnpur, iii.
289 ; Chakrata, iii. 326 ; Chanda, iii.
356; Cherat, iii. 391, 392; Dagshai,
iv. 94 ; Dalhousie, iv. 97 ; Darjiling,
iv. 141 ; Dehra, iv. 168 ; Delhi, iv. 186 ;
Deolali, iv. 203 ; Deoli, iv. 203 ; Dera
Ghazi Khan, iv. 218 ; Dera Ismail
Khan, iv. 227 ; Dharangaon, iv. 250 ;
Dharmsala, iv. 255 ; Dharwar, iv. 266 ;
Dhulia, iv. 283 ; Dibrugarh, iv. 285,
286 ; Dinapur, iv. 299 ; Disa, iv. 304,
305 ; Dohad, iv. 312 ; Doranda, iv.
314 ; Dum-Dum, iv. 320 ; Dwarka, iv.
327; Edwardesabad, iv. 339, 340;
Paratwada, near Ellichpur, iv. 348 ;
Faizabad, iv. 388, 389 ; Fatehgarh, iv.
420, 421 ; Firozpur, iv. 447, 448 ;
Goona, v. 159; Govindgarh, v. 174;
Haidarabad (Sind), v. 287, 288 ; Har-
rand, v. 342 ; Hazaribagh, v. 381 ;
Hingoli, v. 422 ; Hoshangabad, v. 450 ;
Hoti-Mardan, v. 460; Indore Resi-
dency, vii. 10 ; Jabalpur, vii. 37 ; Jacob-
abad, vii. 38 ; Jalandhar, vii. 92 ; Jalna,
vii. 106; Jamner, vii. 131; Jamrud,
vii. 134; Jehlam, vii. 178; Jhansi
Naoabad, vii. 228 ; Jutogh, vii. 265 ;
Kamthi (Kamptee), vii. 367 ; Kangra,
vii. 430 ; Karachi, vii. 453 ; Kasauli,
viii. 58, 59; Kirki, viii. 220, 221;
Kohat, viii. 250; Kolaba, viii. 271;
Lahore, viii. 418; Lakhimpur, viii.
439 ; Landaur, viii. 459 ; Lundi Kotal,
viii. 460; Lohagliat, viii. 474; Luck-
now, viii. 517 ; Madras, ix. 107 ;
Malapuram, ix. 237 ; Malegaon, ix.
253, 254 ; Mangalore, ix. 314 ; Mang-
rota, ix. 317; Maulmain, ix. 371;
Meean Meer, ix. 379, 380; Meerut,
ix. 393 ; Mehidpur, ix. 398 ; Mhow,
ix. 420 ; Fort Michni, ix. 423 ; Monier-
khal, ix. 491 ; Moradabad, ix. 513,
514 ; Multan, x. 13 ; Murree, x. 19 ;
Muttra, X. 54 ; Nagpur, x. 174 ; Nasir-
abad, x. 238, 239 ; Naushahra, x. 242 ;
Nimach, x. 326, 327 ; Noarband, x.
352, 353 ; Nowgong, x. 415, 416 ;
Pallavaram, xi. 13, 14 ; Paratwara, xi.
59 ; Perim, xi. 158 ; Peshawar, xi. 160,
161 ; Pishin, xi. 191 ; Pithoragarh, xi.
193 ; Poona, xi. 211, 213 ; Punamallu,
xi. 241, 242 ; Purandhar, xi. 297, 298 ;
Quetta, xi. 338 ; Quilon, xi. 340 ;
Raipur, xi. 378 ; Rajanpur, xi. 384 ;
Rajkot, xi. 389 ; Rangoon, xi. 483,
484 ; Ranikhet, xi. 506, 507 ; in Rawal
Pindi District, xii. 34, 35 ; Rawal
Pindi, xii. 37 ; Rurki, xii. 86 ; Sadiya,
xii. 93 ; Sagar, xii. 109 ; St. Thomas
6o
INDEX.
Mount, xii. 142, 143 ; Secunderabad,
xii. 301-303 ; Segauli, xii. 303 ; Sehore,
xii. 304 ; Shabkadar, xii. 322 ; Shah-
jahanpur, xii. 356 ; Shillong, xii. 398 ;
Sholapur, xii. 421 ; Shvve-gyin, xii.
435 ; Sialkot, xii. 452 ; Sikrol (for
Benares), xii. 488 ; Silchar, xii. 489 ;
Siriir, xiii. 23 ; Sitapur, xiii. 38, 39 ;
Solan, xiii. 49 ; Subathu, xiii. 85 ;
Surat, xiii. 132 ; Sutna, xiii. 141, 142 ;
Taung-ngu, xiii. 227 ; Thayet-myo,
xiii. 287 ; Trichinopoli, xiii. 364 ;
Trivandrum, xiii. 369 ; Vellore, xiii.
469 ; Vizianagram, xiii. 502, 503 ;
Waltair, xiii. 516; Sadra in Wasna,
>;iii- 533 ; Wellington, xiii. 536.
Caoutchouc or india-rubber, in Assam, i.
349 ; Balipara, ii. 13 ; Upper Burma,
iii. 211 ; Cachar, iii. 234; Chardwar,
iii. 371 j Jirang, vii. 233 ; Kamrup, yii.
355 ; Khasi Hills, viii. 173 ; Khyrim,
viii. 215 ; Kulsi, viii. 335 ; Lakhimpur,
viii. 426 ; Manipur, ix. 325 ; Mergui
Archipelago, ix. 412 ; Sibsagar, xii.
460.
Capes and headlands, Agoada, i. 59 ;
Calimere Point, iii. 270 ; Comorin, iv.
25; Divi Point, iv. 308; Dolphin's
Nose, iv. 312; False Point, iv. 390,
391 ; Manapad Point, ix. 275 ; Manora,
ix- 338- 339 ; Monze, ix. 503 ; Negrais,
X. 259 ; Palmyras Point, xi. 15, l6 ;
Ras Muari, xi. 513, 514.
Capital and interest. See Interest, Rates
of.
Capitation tax, imposed in the Arakan
Hill Tracts, i. 303 ; (on infidels)
Balkh, ii. 15 ; Bassein, ii. 199 ; Lower
Burma, iii. 206 ; Upper Burma, iii.
216 ; Chittagong Hill Tracts, iii. 452 ;
Darjiling, iv. 134, 135 ; Jalpaigiiri,
xiii. 116; Kuram, viii, 369; Lakhim-
pur, viii. 434 ; Mergui, ix. 41 1 ; Prome,
xi. 234 ; Salwin Hill Tracts, xii. 175 ;
Sandoway, xii. 204 ; Shwe-gyin, xii.
434-
Capsicum, grown in Upper Burma, iii.
210; Kumaun, viii. 354; N.-W. Pro-
vinces, X. 382.
Caragola. See Karagola.
Carbonate of soda, generally found in
an impure form known as sajji,
in Chitaldriig, iii. 423 ; Dera Gliazi
Khan, iv. 210 ; Dera Ismail Khan,
iv. 220 ; Ghazipur, v. 69 ; J hang, vii.
207, 211 ; Multan, x. 3 ; Shahpur,
xii. 366 ; Sibi, xii. 456 ; Sirsa, xiii.
18.
Carbuncles, found in Jaipur, vii. 52 ;
Udaipur, xiii. 401.
Cardamom Hills, range in Madras, iii.
276.
Cardamoms, in the Anamalai Hills, i.
271; Cardamom Hills, iii. 276;
Cochin, iv, 2, 7 ; Coorg, iv. 36, 37,
38 ; Darjiling, iv. 134 ; Western Ghai.-,
v. 59 ; Hassan, v. 349 ; Jalpaiguri, vii.
108 ; Kadattanad, vii. 279 ; Kadur, vii.
286 ; North Kanara, vii. 372 ; South
Kanara, vii. 376 ; Karattanad, vii. 469 ;
Madras, ix. 2>t, ; Madura, ix, 121 ;
Malabar, ix. 229, 230 ; Mysore, x. 103 <
Nelliampati Hills, x. 260 ; Nepal, x.
277 ; Padinalknad, x. 525 ; Palni
Alountains, xi. 19 ; .Sagar (Mysore),
xii. Ill; Shimoga, xii. 400, 403 ;
Sikkim, xii. 486 ; Travancore, xiii.
345. 349-
Carey, Rev. W., founder of the Baptist
Mission at Serampur, xii. 318.
Car-festival of Jagannath, article 'India,'
vi. 224-226 ; selt'-immolation not prac-
tised, 224 ; bloodless worship and gentle
doctrines, 225, 226. Local notices —
Ballabhpur, ii. 17 ; Prodattur in Cud-
dapah, iv, 54 ; Gopalswami-betta, v.
162 ; Jammalammadi'igu, vii. 129 ;
Mahesh, ix. 172; Manchenhalli, ix.
286; Mannargudi, ix. 338; Manjangad,
X, 196 ; Nayakan-hatli, x, 257 ; Puri,
X. 44S, 449, xi. 316, 317; Rayachoti,
xii. 40 ; Sakraypatna, xii. 148 ; San-
karkati, xii, 222 ; Sivaganga, xiii. 42 ;
Sonda, xiii. 60 ; Srivillipatur, xiii. 83 ;
Yelahanka, xiii. 551,
Carless, Lt., quoted, on the crocodiles
and mosque of Magar Talao, ix. 136-
138; on the Khedewari channel of the
Indus in 1837, xii. 274; on Shahbandar,
xii. 340 ; on the harbour of Sonmiani,
xiii. 61.
Carleton, Rev. Dr. , founded the American
Presbyterian Mission at Kiilu, viii.
340-
Carmelite Mission in Malabar (1656), ix.
228 ; their mission and monastery at
Verapoli, xiii. 471, 472.
Carmichael, D. F., quoted, on the Jaipur
zandnddri, vii. 62, 63, 64 ; his descrip-
tion of Vizianagram, xiii. 503.
Carmichael, C. P., Joint Magistrate of
Pilibhit in Mutiny of 1857, xi, 173.
Carnac, Col., his defeat of Shah Alam and
M. Law at Gaya (1760), xii. 264.
Carnac, Capt. , his interference in Paiamau
(1770), viii. 478._
Carnac, Capt,, Resident at Baroda, made
arrangement between the Gaekwar and
the Nawab of Radhanpur (1813), xi,
343-
Carnal ic. See Karnatic,
Carnelian ornaments, Cambay famous for,
iii, 274.
Carnelians, article ' India,' vi. 629 ;
mines at Ratanpur in Rajpipla, xi.
392, 516 ; in Rewa Kantha, xii. 49.
INDEX.
6i
Caron, M., President of the French East
India Company (1668-74), i^'- 45 !•
Carpet-weaving, article ' India,' vi. 604.
Local notices — At Adoni, i. 26 ; in
Afghanistan, i. 39 ; Afghan-Turkistan,
i. 55 ; at Ahmadnagar, i. 109 ; Akot,
i. 148 ; Ambala, i. 222 ; Bangalore,
ii. 64, 70 ; Bellary, ii. 247 ; Bhavani,
ii. 3S3 ; Biibak, iii. I15 ; Cambay, iii.
272 ; Daiidnagar, iv. 158 ; Ellore, iv.
352 ; Godavari, v. 129 ; Berar, v. 270 ;
Hoshiai-pur, v. 456 ; Jabalpur, vii.
35 ; Jewar, vii. 193 ; Kashmir, viii. 73;
Kasur, viii. 85 ; Kohat, viii. 248 ;
Mirzapur, ix. 462 ; • Multan, x. 13 ;
. Nawalgund, x. 251 ; Rajamahendri,
xi. 3S2 ; Rangpur, xi. 498 ; Salem, xii.
163 ; vSandi, xii. 197 ; Sarjapur, xii.
269 ; Sehwan, xii. 305, 306 ; Shahabad,
xii. 332 ; Sherkot, xii. 380 ; Shikarpur,
xii- 393. 396 ; Shimoga, xii. 404 ;
Tando Muhammad Khan, xiii. 191,
196 ; Upper Sind Frontier, xiii. 447 ;
Walajapet, xiii. 515.
Cartier, ^Ir. , Governor-General (1769-72),
ii. 278 ; his attempts to improve Cal-
cutta, iii. 244.
Carts and cart-wheels, manufacture of, at
Anupshahr, i. 295 ; Athni, i. 378 ;
Atiir, i. 383 ; Badin, i. 409 ; Brahnia-
puri, iii. 393 ; Dodderi, iv. 21 1 ; Erode,
iv. 356; Hunsiir, v. 502; x. 120;
Jahangirabad, vii. 44 ; Ludhiana, viii.
523, 526 ; Purniah, xi. 53 ; Pilibhit,
xi. 179 ; Taloda, xiii. 168.
Carving. See Shell-carving, Stone-carv-
ing, and Wood-carving.
Cashmere. See Kashmir.
Cassergode, town and taluk in Madras,
iii. 276, 277.
Caste, formation of the four castes, article
' India,' vi. 87-91.
Caste rewards and punishments, article
' India,' vi. 199, 200.
Caste system, its religious and social
aspects, article ' India,' vi. 192-200.
Caste and trade guilds and associations.
See Trade guilds and associations.
Castes, Distribution of the principal. See
Population section under each District,
and the following Provincial articles —
Assam, i. 353-357; Behar, ii. 225 ;
Bengal, ii. 296, 297 ; Central Provinces,
iii. 316, 317; Madras, ix. 19-21;
N.-\V. Provinces, x. 371, 372 ; Orissa,
x. 434-436; Oudh, X. 498, 499;
Punjab, xi. 274 ; Rajputana, xi. 408.
Castello-Novo, Marquis de, Governor of
Goa, v. 104.
Castles. See Forts.
Castro, Dom Joao de, relieved Diu and
defeated king of Gujarat (1545), iv.
307 ; took away stone, now lost, tixing
date of temples of Elephanta, iv. 343 ;
on Mahad in 1538, ix. 154.
Casuarina plantations, in Chengalpat, iii.
381, 382, 383 ; Bhaunagar in Kathia-
war, viii. 89; Kistna, viii. 226; Madras,
ix. 7, 30, 85 ; Nellore, x. 268 ; Ratna-
giri, xii. 3 ; Shevaroy Hills, xii. 383 ;
Trichinopoli, xiii. 355.
Catechu. See Cutch.
Ctitoia of Buddhist Scriptures from the
Chinese, by Mr. S. Beal, quoted, article
'India,' vi. 142 (footnote l); 147
(footnote 2) ; 150 (footnote 3) ; 157
(footnote 2); 176 (footnote 2); 204
(footnote 2).
Cathay and the Way Thither, by Col.
Yule, quoted, article ' India,' vi. 233
(footnote 2) ; 238 (footnote 3).
Cathedrals, Allahabad (Roman Catholic),
i. 198 ; Bassein (Roman Catholic,
ruined), ii. 192 ; Bombay, iii. 79 ;
Calcutta, iii. 251, 252 ; Old Goa
(Roman Catholic), v. 107 ; Madras,
ix. 106, 116; .Sardhana (Roman
Catholic), xii. 266 ; Thana (Portuguese),
xiii. 258.
Catholic ( Roman) Missions, article ' India, '
vi. 229-259. Origin of Christianity in
India, 229, 230 ; the three legends of
St. Thomas the Apostle, Thomas the
Manichsan, and Thomas the Armenian,
and their respective claims to be the
founder of Indian Christianity, 231-
235 ; Nestorian Church in Asia side by
side with Buddhism for looo years, its
wide diffusion, 235, 236 ; the forcilile
conversion of the Nestorians, or St.
Thomas Christians, to the Church of
Rome, by the Portuguese, 241-243 ;
Syrian and Jacobite Catholics in Mala-
bar, 243, 244; labours of Saint Francis
Xavier, 244, 245 ; early Jesuit priests,
their conversions and literary labours,
agricultural settlements, and collegiate
city of Cochin, 245-253 ; Portuguese
inquisition established at Goa, autos de
fj, and abolition of the inquisition, 253,
254; suppression of the Jesuits (1759-
73), and their re-establishment (1814),
254, 255 ; organization of modern
Roman Catholic Missions, 255 ; juris-
diction of the Archbishop of Goa, 255,
256 ; distribution of Roman Catholics,
257 ; Syrian and Roman Catholic
Christians, 257 ; Roman Catholic
population of India, 258 ; progress
of Roman Catholicism, its missions,
colleges, and schools, 259. Local
notices — At Aden, i. 19 ; Agra, i. 75 ;
Maulmain, i. 242 ; North Arcot, i.
315 ; South Arcot, i. 323 ; Bassein, ii.
201 ; Bellarj', ii. 249 ; Bettia, ii. 328 ;
Bhawal, ii. 383 ; Calcutta, iii. 253 ;
62
INDEX.
Calicut, iii. 268 ; Cannanore, iii. 276 ;
Chuhari in Champaian, iii. 339 ;
Chengalpat, iii. 389 ; Cochin, iv. 7 ;
Coimbatore, iv. 16 ; Covelong, iv. 44 ;
Dharwar, iv. 260 ; Ellore, iv. 352 ;
Kamthi, vii. 367 ; Karnul, viii. 36 ;
Karwar, viii. 53; Krishnagar, viii. 317,
X. 134; Lucknow, viii. 517; Madras,
ix. 23, 25 ; Madura, ix. 126 ; Malabar,
ix. 228; Mangalore, ix. 314; Mergui,
ix. 411 ; Mudgal, ix. 526 ; Mysore, x.
112; Nellore, x. 265; Palghat, x.
543 ; Pattukotai, xi. 118 ; Pondicherri,
xi. 199; Ramnad, xi. 451 ; Rangoon,
xi. 481 ; Ranipet, xi. 508 ; Salem, xii.
165 ; Sardhana, xii. 266 ; Singhbhum,
xii. 516 ; Sudharam, xiii. 87 ; Tagasseri,
xiii. 180 ; Tanjore, xiii. 186 ; Taung-
ngu, xiii. 224, 226 ; Thana, xiii. 252,
253 ; Tinnevelli, xiii. 302, 303 ; Tra-
vancore, xiii. 348, 352 ; Trichinopoli,
xiii. 358, 365 ; Trichur, xiii. 365 ;
Tuticorin, xiii. 385 ; Verapoli, xiii.
471, 472 ; Vizagapatam, xiii. 491,
497. See also Churches, Convents,
St. Thomas Christians, and Syrian
Christians.
Cattle, Breeds of, article ' India,' vi. 520.
Local notices — Afghanistan, i. 38 ;
Ahmadabad, i. 84 ; Akola, i. 144 ;
Baroda, ii. 164 ; Bikaner, ii. 439 ;
Broach, iii. 102 ; Buldana, iii. 146 ;
Clihindwara, iii. 402 ; Chitaldrug, iii.
426 ; Coimbatore, iv. 15 ; Dharwar,
iv. 262; Dongertal, iv. 314; Hassan,
v. 349 ; Hissar, v. 430 ; Hoshangabad,
V. 446 ; Hiinsi'ir, v. 502 ; Jath, vii.
148 ; Jhang, vii. 210 ; Kandukiir, vii.
407 ; Kangayam, vii. 407 ; Kangundi,
vii. 431 ; Kolar, viii. 276 ; Palamau
in Lohardaga, viii. 476 ; Madgiri, viii.
539 ; Madras, ix. 8 ; Melghat, ix. 403 ;
Mysore, x. 1 19, 120; Nagaur, x. 159;
Nawalgiind, x. 251 ; Nellore, x. 267 ;
Oudh, X. 483 ; Panahat, xi. 25 ; Pili-
bhit, xi. 175 ; Punganur, xi. 243 ;
Punjab, xi. 280 ; Rajputana, xi. 418 ;
Sagar, xii. 105 ; Shimoga, xii. 404 ;
Sirsa, xiii. 16 ; Thar and Parkar, xiii.
264 ; Tumkur, xiii. 379 ; Wardha,
xiii. 526 ; Wun, xiii. 543. See also
Pasture lands for cattle.
Cattle, Wild, found in Oudh, x. 483 ;
Partabgarh, xi. 69 ; Rai Bareli, xi. 353.
Cattle disease, especially prevalent in
Aligarh, i. 177; Amherst, i. 243;
Anantapur, i. 277, 279 ; N. Arcot, i.
319 ; S. Arcot, i. 328 ; Bakarganj, i.
449 ; Banda, ii. 55 ; Bara Banki, ii.
114; Bellary, ii. 249; Bulandshahr,
iii. 140 ; Lower Burma, iii. 209 ;
Coimbatore, iv. 21 ; Cuttack, iv. 74 ;
Darrang, iv. 150; Etawah, iv. 377;
Godavari, v. 130; Hardoi, v. 328;
Jalaun, vii. I02 ; Kamrup, vii. 365 ;
Karnul, viii. 44 ; Kheri, viii. 19S ;
Khulna, viii. 2og ; Kumaun, viii. 358 ;
Lakhimpur, viii. 438 ; Lalitpur, viii.
457 ; Malabar, ix. 234 ; Midnapur, ix.
443 ; Muzaffarnagar, x. 76 ; Nadiya,
X. 140, 141 ; Nowgong, x. 415 ; Puri,
xi. 309 ; Rai Bareli, xi. 359 ; Rawal
Pindi, xii. 35 ; Rohtak, xii. 74, 75 ;
Salem, xii. 165 ; Saran, xii. 259 ;
Sialkot, xii. 450 ; Sibsagar, xii. 471 ;
Sultanpur, xiii. 103; Tarai, xiii. 21 1 ;
Thayet-myo, xiii. 287 ; Twenty-four
Parganas, xiii. 399 ; Unao, xiii. 438.
Cattle fairs and markets, held at Agar, i.
57 ; Amingadh, i. 244 ; Amritsar, i.
259, 266 ; Avani, i. 390 ; Bachhrawan,
i. 406 ; Bahraich, i. 454 ; Batesar, ii.
216 ; Chetra, iii. 374 ; Deoli, iv. 203 ;
Dholpur, iv. 278 ; Dinanagar, iv. 299 ;
Muktesar in Firozpur, iv. 445 ; Garha-
kota, v. 13 ; Georgegarh, v. 54, vii.
45 ; Hongal, v. 440 ; in Kolar, viii.
276, 277; Kurai, viii. 368; Makhanpur,
ix. 215 ; in Western Malwa, ix. 271 ;
Melur, ix. 305 ; M lias wad, ix. 420 ;
Nandi, x. 190, 191 ; Nekmard, iv.
296 ; X. 259 ; Koreke, near Pasrur,
xi. 80 ; Punganur, xi. 242 ; Ranipet,
xi. 509 ; Saoner, xii. 248 ; Sarsaganj,
xii. 271 ; Belandi in Satara, xii. 282 ;
.Savda, xii. 295 ; Chhapara, xii. 313 ;
Shahpur, xii. 365, 368 ; Sialkot, xii.
447 ; Sirsa, xiii. 18 ; Siriir, xiii. 23 ;
Sitamarhi, xiii. 26 ; Subrahmanya, xiii.
86 ; Thatia, xiii. 275 ; Tiruchendur,
xiii. 223 ; Ulubaria, xiii. 419 ; Vanarasi,
xiii. 463.
Cautley, Sir P. T., his report, which led
to the Ganges Canal, iv. 473 ; recon-
structed Eastern Jumna Canal, xii. 14.
Cauvery, great river of S.India, iii. 277-279-
Cavagnari, Sir L., murdered at Kabul
(1879), i. 52, vii. 273.
Cave inscriptions of Asoka, article ' India,'
vi. 145, 146. See also Asoka.
Caves and caverns, at Bamian in Afghan-
Turkistan, 56 ; Amherst, i. 235 ;
Bhareng, ii. 370 ; BijH, ii. 427 ; Dar-
jiling, iv. 130 ; Ganeswari river, iv.
464 ; Guptasar, v. 205 ; Hathpor, v.
353, 354 ; Hpa-gat, v. 465, 466 ;
Cherra Punji and Riipnath in the
Khasi Hills, viii. 174 ; Mahagaon, ix.
155; in Mandla, ix. 301 ; Manpur, ix.
340 ; Mugdai, ix. 528 ; Rupnath, xii.
85 ; Sansar Dhara, xii. 225 ; in the
Shahpur Hills, xii. 369 ; Siju, xii. 477 ;
Talaja, xiii. 163 ; Taliparamba, xiii.
167 ; Tavoy Island, xiii. 235.
Cave-temples and rock-temples, at Ajanta,
i. 1 13 -1 16; Akouk-toung, i. 148;
INDEX.
63
Amarnalh (Kashmir), i. 211 ; Ambad,
i. 212; Aror, i. 332; Aurangabad, 1.
388; Badami, i. 407 ; Bagh, i. 414;
Balsane, ii. 26 ; Barabar Hills, ii.
116; Bezwada, ii. 336; Bhandak, ii.
359 ; Bhimaveram, ii. 396 ; Chaul,
iii. 377 ; Dam-nia-tha, iv. 104 ; Ele-
phanta, iv. 341-343 ; Ellora, iv. 349-
351; Gavipiir, v. 42; Ghugus, v.
75 ; Gwalior, v. 235 ; Harchoka, v.
320 ; Hpa-gat, v. 465, 466 ; Jogesh-
wari, vii. 247 ; Junagarh, vii. 263 ;
Junnar, vii. 264 ; Kalinjar, vii. 336 ;
Karli, viii. 13-16; Khandgiri, viii.
159 ; Khed, viii. 187 ; Mahabalipur,
ix. 147-149 ; Pale, near Mahad, ix.
154 ; Manjira, ix. 336 ; Nasik, x. 237 ;
Ramgarh Hill, xi. 447 ; Rani-Nur, xi.
507, 508; Salsette, xii. 169, 170;
Shivner, xii. 410 ; Undavalli on the
Sitanagaram Hills, xiii. 27 ; Sivaganga,
xiii. 42 ; Sudasna, xiii. 87 ; Udayagiri,
xiii. 414, 415.
Cave-tomb of the introducer of coffee
into India, Baba Budan, i. 402, 403.
Cave-tunnel at Hathpor, v. 353, 354 ;
xi. 447.
Cawnpur, District in N.-\\. Provinces,
iii. 279-289 ; physical aspects, 279,
280 ; history, 280-283 ; population,
283-285 ; agriculture, 285, 286 ; natural
calamities, 287 ; commerce and trade,
287, 288 ; administration, 288, 289 ;
medical aspects, 289.
Cawnpur, city in N.-\V. Provinces, iii.
289-293 ; situation and appearance,
289, 290 ; history, 290-292 ; popula-
lation, 292 ; communications, trade,
etc., 292, 293 ; the Mutiny at, massacre
of the garrison and the women and
children, article ' India,' vi. 420.
Cavley, Dr., his report on the trade of
Kashmir (1867), viii. 399, 400.
Ceded Districts, term applied to the
territory in the Deccan ceded to the
British in 1 800, for the maintenance of
the Nizam's subsidiary force. See
Hyderabad State.
Ceded and Conquered Provinces, term
formerly applied to the N.-W. Pro-
vinces, iii. 293.
Census, The results of the. See Popula-
tion section under each Province,
Division, District, and town.
Central Asia, Trans- Himalayan trade
with, article ' India,' vi. 586-590.
Central India, group of States, iii. 293-
297 ; population, 295 ; climate, 295-
297.
Central India Agency. See Central India.
Central jails. See Jails, Central and
model.
Central Provinces, Chief Commissioner-
ship, 297-323 ; physical aspects, 297-
299 ; forests, 299, 300 ; coal, 300 ;
iron, 300 ; history, 300-303 ; popula-
tion, 303-305 ; religion, 305 ; abori-
gines, 305-308 ; physical appearance,
etc., 308-311 ; Hindu population, 311,
312 ; local sects, 312 ; Satnamis, the,
312, 313; Kabirpanthis, the, 313-315 ;
Kumbhipathias, the, 315 ; Nanakpan-
this, the, 315, 316 ; Singhapanthis, the,
316 ; Dhamis, the, 316 ; Hindu castes,
316, 317 ; Muhammadans, 317 ; Jains,
317; Christian sects, 317; distribution
into town and country, 317, 318 ;
occupations, 318; agriculture, 318,
319 ; commerce and manufactures,
319; means of communication, 319,
320; administration, 320, 321 ; educa-
tion, 321 ; climate and meteorology,
321-323-
Cereal crops. See Agricultural section
under each District, and also Barley,
Oats, and Wheat.
Ceremonies. See Funeral ceremonies.
Marriage ceremonies, and Customs,
ceremonies, and mode of life.
Cesses, Customary, illegal or local. See
AInodbs.
Ceylon, India's trade with, article ' India,'
vi. 578, 579. Local notices — Adrampel,
i. 27 ; Karikal, viii. 10 ; Laccadive
Islands, viii. 396 ; Negapatam, x. 258 ;
Pambam, xi. 23 ; Tuticorin, xiii. 386.
Chabramau. See Chhibramau.
Chach, tract of country in Punjab, iii.
323-
Chachana, State in Kathiawar, iii. 323.
Chachra. See Umarkot taluk.
Chachra, town in Sind, iii. 323.
Chadchat, State in Gujarat, iii. 323, 324.
See also Santalpur.
Chagdah, town in Bengal, iii. 324.
Chaibasa, town in Bengal, iii. 324.
Chain armour. Manufacture of, article
' India,' vi. 606, 607.
Chainpur, town in Bengal, iii. 324.
Chainpur, village in Bengal, iii. 325.
Chains, aboriginal tribe in Maldah, ix.
243-
Chaitanpur, hill range in Bengal, iii. 325.
Chaitanpur, village in Bengal, iii. 325.
Chaitanya, Hindu religious reformer
(1485-1527), his life and teachings,
ariicle ' India,' vi. 219-221. Local
notices — Became an ascetic at Kalwa,
viii. 103 ; born at Nadiya, x. 141 ; his
lite and doctrines, x. 443, 444.
Chaitpet, village in Madras, iii. 325.
Chait Singh, Raja of Benares, exactions
of Warren Hastings from (1780), article
' India,' vi. 390. Local ttotices — Re-
belled (1781), and was deposed, ii.
256 ; fled to Bijaigarh, ii. 423 ; allowed
64
INDEX.
to succeed his father in Ghazipur (1770),
V. 64 ; expelled the Rohilla ruler of
Jaunpur, vii. 153.
Chak, town in Sind, iii. 325.
Chaken, town in Rajputana, iii. 325.
Chaki, stream in Punjab, iii. 325.
Chakiria, village in Bengal, iii. 325.
Chaklasi, town in Bombay, iii. 326.
Chakma?;, Arakanese tribe, numerous in
the Chittagong Hill Tracts, iii. 449 ;
their manners and customs, iii. 449,
45°-
Chakrabari, village in Bengal, iii. 326.
Chakradwaj, the first Aham Raja who
became a Hindu, vii. 357.
Chakrata, cantonment in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, iii. 326.
Chakultor, village in Bengal, iii. 326.
Chakwal, town and tahsil in Punjab, iii.
326, 327.
Chalakiidi, river in Madras, iii. 327.
Chalan Bil, lake in Bengal, iii. 327.
Chalauni, river in Bengal, iii. 327.
Chalcedony, found in Aden, i. 15 ; Banga-
lore, ii. 59 ; Madura, ix. 122.
Chalisgaon, town and Sub-division in
Bombay, iii. 327, 328.
Chalmers, Gen. Sir John, his defence of
Coimbatore (1791), iv. 16.
Chalukya, dynasty in the Deccan. See
Birudankarayapuram, iii. 13 ; Berar, v.
261 ; Kaladgi, vii. 315 ; Kolaba, viii.
262; Madras, ix. 10, 11 ; Mysore, x.
93 ; Poona, xi. 201 ; Satara, xii. 277 ;
Sawantwari, xii. 297 ; Shimoga, xii.
400; Sholapur, xii. 412.
Chamardi, State in Kathiawar, iii. 328.
Chamarlakota, town in Madras, iii.
328.
Chamars, caste of leather-workers and
shoemakers, numerous or otherwise
important in Aligarh, i. 172; Allah-
abad, i. 189 ; Ambala, i. 218 ; Azam-
garh, i. 396 ; Ballia, ii. 20 ; Banda, ii.
50; Basti, ii. 210; Behar, ii. 225;
Bengal, ii. 296; Budaun, iii. 119;
Cawnpur, iii. 283, 284 ; Central India,
iii. 295 ; their adoption of the new
religion of Ghasi Das in Chhatis-
garh {see Satnamis), iii. 312, 313 ; in
the Central Provinces, iii. 316; Etah,
iv. 361 ; Etawah, iv. 373 ; Faizabad,
iv. 383 ; Fatehpur, iv. 424 ; Gurdaspur,
v. 210; Jhansi, vii. 222; Meerut, ix.
386 ; Moradabad, ix. 507 ; Muzaffar-
nagar, x. 71 ; Nadiya, x. 133 ; Oudh,
X. 499 ; Raipur, xi. 372 ; Rajputana,
xi. 408, 410 ; Sagar, xii. 104 ; Saha-
ranpur, xii. 118; Sitapur, xiii. t^t^',
Sultanpur, xiii. 98 ; Tarai, xiii. 209 ;
Tonk, xiii. 337 ; Unao, xiii. 430.
Chamba, Hill State in Punjab, iii. 32S,
330.
Chamba, town in Punjab, iii. 331.
Chambal, great river in Central India, iii.
331. 332.
Chambal^ town in Bengal, iii. 332.
Chamber, Sir Thomas, Governor of
Madras {1659-61), ix. 66.
Chamberlain, Gen. Sir N. B., conducted
Ambela campaign (1863), i. 227; in
the battle of Kandahar (1842), vii. 394 ;
stopped at AH Masjid on his way to
Kabul (1878), i. 52, viii. 127 ; besieged
in Chichawatni (1857), ix. 496.
Chambra Mala, mountain in Madras, iii.
332;,
Chamiani, town in Oudh, iii. 332.
Chamomeril, lake in Kashmir, iii. 332.
Champa, estate in Central Provinces, iii.
332.
Champahati, village in Bengal, iii. 332.
Champanagar, village in Bengal, iii. 333.
Champaner, historic hill fort in Bombay,
iii- 333, 334-
Champaran, District of Bengal, iii. 334-
344 ; history, 334, 335 ; physical as-
pects, _ 335 - 337 ; people, 337 - 340 ;
antiquities, 340, 341 ; agriculture, 341,
342 ; natural calamities, 342 ; industrial,
342, 343; administration, 343, 344;
medical aspects, 344.
Champaran, Sub-division in Bengal, iii.
344, 345-
Champas, nomadic Tibetan tribe in the
Himalayas, v. 412.
Champat Rai, Bundela chief, father of
Chhatar Sal, harassed the Muhamma-
dans, iii. 154, 155.
Champdani, village in Bengal, iii. 345.
Champion, Col., defeated the Rohillas at
Tisua (1774), xiii. 334. ^
Chamrajnagar, town and taluk in Mysore,
iii- 345-.
Chamrauli, town in Oudh, iii. 345.
Chamundibetta, hill in Mysore, iii. 345.
Chamursi, town in Central Provinces,
iii. 345, 346.
Chanar, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces, iii.
346.
Chanar, historic fortress and town in
N.-W. Provinces, iii. 346, 347.
Chanchra, village in Bengal, iii. 347, 348.
Cbanda, District in Central Provinces,
iii- 348-355 ; physical aspects, 348,
349; history, 349-351; population,
351, 352 ; antiquities and places of
interest, 352 ; agriculture, 352, 353 ;
natural calamities, 353 ; commerce and
fade, 353, 354 ; administration, 354,
355 ; medical aspects, 355.
Chanda, town in Central Provinces, iii.
355>,356.
Chanda, pai-gand in Oudh, iii. 356.
Chandala, zaminddri in Central Pro-
vinces, iii. 356.
INDEX.
65
Chanda's, the great low caste in Bengal
in which most of the semi-Hinduized
aborigines are inchided, in Assam, i.
356 ; Bakarganj, i. 443 ; ^ngal, ii.
296 ; Dacca, iv. 83 ; Faridpur, their
numbers, manners, and customs, iv.
397, 400, 401 ; Kamrup, yii. 359 ;
Maimansingh, ix. 194; Nadiya, x. 133;
Sylhet, xiii. 148 ; 'I'ipperah, xiii. 316.
Cliandan, river m Bengal, iii. 356.
Chandarnagar, French Settlement in
Bengal, iii. 356, 357 ; its capture by
Admiral Watson (1757), vi. 382.
Chanda Sahib, Nawab of the Kamatic,
sent his son to besiege Arcot (1751), i.
309 ; took Chengalpat (1751), iii. 389 ;
held Dindigal fort, iv. 301 ; besieged
Karur (1736), viii. 52 ; conquered
Madura (1740), ix. 123 ; taken prisoner
at Mayakonda (174S), ix. 377 ; got
possession of Trichinopoli (1740), xiii.
356-
Chandauli, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces,
iii- 357-
Chandausi, market town in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, iii. 357.
Chandavolu, town in Madras, iii. 357.
Chandbili, river port in Orissa, iii. 358.
Chand Bardai, Hindi poet (l2ih century),
article ' India,' vi. 345.
Chand Bibi, widow of Ali Adil Shah of
Bijapur, defended Ahmadnagar (1595),
i. 108 ; ruled Bijapur as regent on her
husband's death (1579), ii. 424 ; ceded
Berar to Akbar (1596), iii. 144; had
Sholapur as her dowry (1562), xii. 421.
Chandelas, formerly a ruling "race in
Bundelkhand, article 'India,' vi. 71.
Local notices — Dynasty founded by
Chandra Varma, iii. 154; Chandel
Raja of Kalinjar killed Ajai Pal of
Kanauj (1021), iv. 410 ; made artificial
lakes in Hamirpur, v. 298 ; their
buildings at Mahoba, v. 299 ; ix. 182,
183 ; at Jhansi, vii. 216, 217 ; made
Kalinjar their capital (1192), vii. 332 ;
their buildings at Khajurahu, viii. 140 ;
in Lalitpur, viii. 448.
Chanderi, tract in Central India, iii.
358.
Chanderi, town in Central India, iii. 358.
Chandgaon, town in Bengal, iii. 358.
Chandias, Muhammadan tribe in Sind,
viii. 463.
Chandi Das, religious poet of the 15th
century, article ' India,' vi. 348 ; hymn
to Krishna, vi. 348, 349.
Chandisthan, shrine in Bengal, iii. 358.
Chandkhali, village in Bengal, iii. 358,
359-
Chandko, historical name for tract of land
in Sind, iii. 359.
Chandod, village in Bombay, iii. 359, 360.
VOL. XIV.
Chandor, Sub-division in Bombay, iii.
360.
Chandor, town in Bombay, iii. 360, 361.
Chandpur, town and tahsil in N.-W.
Provinces, iii. 361.
Chandpur, seaside village in Bengal, iii.
361, 362.
Chandra, river in Punjab, iii. 362.
Chandra, pargand in Oudh, iii. 362.
Chandra Drona. See Baba Budan.
Chandragiri, town and tdliik in Madras,
iii. 362, 363. _
Chandragiri, river in Madras, iii. 363,
364-
Chandragima, village in Bengal, iii. 364.
Chandra Gupta, King of Magadha (326
B.C.), article 'India,' vi. 166- 170;
cession of the Greek possessions in the
Punjab to, by Seleukos (306 B.C.) ; the
Embassy of Megasthenes, vi. 167-170.
Local notices — Founded the Gupta
dynasty, x. 362 ; had his capital at
Palibothra, now Patna, when Me-
gasthenes came, xi. 106, 107 ; con-
quered the Punjab, xi. 260 ; abdicated
and lived as hermit at Shravanbelgola,
xii. 425.
Chandra-guth, peak in Mysore, iii. 364.
Chandrakona. See Baba Budan.
Chandrakona, town in Bengal, iii. 364.
Chandranagar, French Settlement in
Bengal. See Chandarnagar.
Chandranath, village in Bengal. See
Sitakund.
Chandrapur, estate in Central Provinces,
iii. 364, 365.
Chandra Varma, founded Chandel dynasty
in Bundelkhand, iii. 154.
Chand Sultan, successor of Bakt Buland,
and last powerful Raja of Deogarh,
iii- 399-
Chandi'ir, town in Ellichpur, Berar, iii. 365.
Chandiir, town and idlick in Amraoti,
Berar, iii. 365, 366.
Chanduria, village in Bengal, iii. 366.
Chandwar. See Chandor.
Chang Bhakar, State in Chutia Nagpur,
iii. 366, 367.
Changes of caste occupation by the
Shahas, Telis, and Tambulis of Bengal,
article ' India,' vi. 196, 197.
Changes of river-beds, and deserted river
capitals, article ' India,' vi. 30. See
Alluvion and diluvion.
Changrezhing, village in Bashahr State,
Punjab, iii. 367.
Changsil, mountains in Bashahr State,
Punjab, iii. 367.
Channagiri, village and taluk in Mysore,
iii. 367, 368.
Channapata, town in Mysore, iii. 368.
Chanraypatna, village and taluk in
Mysore, iii. 368, 369.
66
INDEX.
Chansama, town in Baroda, iii. 369.
Chantapilli, villajje in Madras, iii. 369.
Chanwarpatha, historic village in Central
Provinces, iii. 369.
Chapa, village and estate in Central Pro-
vinces, iii. 369.
Chapra, Sub-division in Bengal, iii. 369,
370-, , . .
Chapra, head-quarters of Saran District,
Bengal, iii. 370.
Chaprauli, village in N.-W. Provinces,
iii. 370.
Character of the Non-Aryan tribes, their
fidelity as soldiers, article ' India,' vi.
72-
Charak-piija or hook swinging festival,
article ' India,' vi. 213.
Charaniai, lake in Bashahr State, Punjab,
iii. 370.
Charans, sacred class in Jodhpur, vii. 237.
Charapunji. See Cherra Punji.
Charas, or hemp. Excise duty on, article
' India,' vi. 455.
Charat Singh, grandfather of Ranjit
Singh, had his head-quarters at Guj-
ranwala, v. 181 ; defeated and killed
by Ranjit Deo of Janiu (1774), xii. 442.
Charda, pargand in Oudh, iii. 371.
Chardwar, division or viahdl in Assam,
iii. 371.
Charities. See Hospitals, Institutions
(charitable), and Orphanages.
Charities of Indian Trade guilds, article
' India,' vi. 198. See Trade guilds.
Charkha, petty State in Kathiawar, iii.
371-
Charkhari, town and petty State in Bun-
delkhand, iii. 371, 372.
Charles 11., obtained Bombay as his
wife's dowry (1661), and sold it to the
East India Company, iii. 37, 74.
Charmadi, pass in Madras, iii. 372.
Charmunsha, town in Bengal, iii. 372.
Charnock, Job, said to have built bazar
at Barrackpur, ii. 175 ; founded Cal-
cutta (1686), iii. 240 ; his tomb there,
iii. 252 ; chief of the factory at Kasim-
bazar (1681), viii. 80.
Charra, village in Bengal, iii. 372.
Charsadda, town in Punjab, iii. 372, 373.
Charthawal, town in N.-W. Provinces,
iii. 373-
Chasa, chief cultivating caste in Cuttack,
iv. 69.
Chata, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, iii. 373, 374.
Chalari, village in N.-W. Provinces, iii.
374-
Chatna, village in Bengal, iii. 374.
Chatra, town in Bengal, iii. 374, 375.
Chatrapur. See Chhatarpur.
Chatrapur, town in Madras, iii. 375.
Chatsu, town in Rajputana, iii. 375.
Chattar Singh, Sikh insurgent leader,
killed Col. Kanara (1849), v. 339.
Chaugachha, village in Bengal, iii. 375.
Chaughat, town and taluk in Madras, iii.
375-
Chauhans, once the dominant Rajput
clan in Ajmere-Merwara, i. 123. See
also in Aligarh, i. 172 ; occupied Khair
during the Mutiny, viii. 127 ; in Raj-
putana, xi. 409, 410.
Chauka, river in Oudh, iii. 375.
Chaukidanga, mine in Bengal, iii. 375, 376.
Chaiikiddrs, or village watchmen. See
Administrative section under each Dis-
trict.
Chaul, town in Bombay, iii. 376, 377.
Chaulis, name given to certain castes in
Bombay, whose ancestors emigrated
from Chaul, iii. 376.
Chaumulia, village in N.-W. Provinces,
iii- 377-
Cbaumun, town in Rajputana, iii. 377-
Chaungthas, ' children of the stream,'
an Arakanese tribe in Lower Burma,
iii. 183.
Chaur, The, peak in Punjab, iii. 377.
Chauradadar, hill plateau in Central Pro-
vinces, iii. 377.
Chauragarh, historic fortress in Central
Provinces, iii. 377.
Chauria, estate in Central Provinces, iii.
377,^378.
Chaiiris, Manufacture of, in Bhartpur, ii.
376-,
Chausa, village in Bengal, iii. 378,
Chausa Canal, in Bengal, iii. 378.
Chaiith, or ' quarter revenues ' exacted
by the Marathas in the Deccan and in
Bengal, article ' India,' vi. 320, 321.
See also Marathas.
Chavakkad, town in Madras. See Chau-
ghat.
Chawindah, village in Punjab, iii. 378.
Chaws, aboriginal tribe in the Arakan
Hills Tracts, i. 300, iii. 183.
Cheap, ' the magnificent,' Commercial
Resident, introduced indigo cultiva-
tion into Birbhum, xiii. 139.
Cheape, Gen. Sir John, finally defeated
Myat Thi'in (1853), iv. 313; his
capture of Donabyii, xiii. 2S9.
Chedambaram, town in Madras. See
Chidambaram.
Cheduba, island, town, and township in
Lower Burma, iii. 378, 379.
Cheetah, or hunting leopard, article
' India,' vi. 653, 654. Local notices —
found in Anantapur, i. 274 ; Bel-
lary, ii. 241 ; Chhindwara, iii. 399 ;
Cochin, iv. 2 ; Hazaiibagli, v. 370 ;
Indore, vii. 2 ; Kadiir, vii. 2S3 ;
Kathiawar, viii. 96 ; Khandesh, viii.
150; Kotah, viii. 304; Madras, ix.
INDEX.
67
89 ; Nawanagar, x. 252 ; Trichinopoli,
xiii. 355.
Chellakere, village in Mysore, iii. 379.
Chellapali, town in Madras, iii» 379.
Chenab, river in Kashmir, iii. 379, 380.
Chenari, village in Bengal, iii. 380.
Chenchus or Chenchuwars, aboriginal
tribe, nomad and gipsy-like, in Cudda-
pah, iv. 51 ; the Nallamalai Hills, viii.
37, X. 185, 1S6; Kistna, viii. 230;
Nellore, x. 266.
Chendia, port in Bombay, iii. 380.
Chendwar, hill in Bengal, iii. 380.
Chengalpat, District in Madras, iii. 380-
388 ; physical aspects, 380-382 ; history,
382, 383 ; population, 383, 384 ; agri-
culture, 384-386 ; natural calamities,
386 ; commerce and trade, 386, 387 ;
administration, 387, 388 ; medical
aspects, 388.
Chengalpat, taluk in Madras, iii. 389.
Chengalpat, town in Madras, iii. 389,
390-
Chengama, pass in Madras, iii. 390.
Chennagiri. See Channagiri.
Chepauk, quarter of Madras town, iii.
39°-
Chera, ancient kingdom in S. India, iii.
390, 391. Sec also Chola.
Cheraiid, village in Bengal, iii. 391.
Cherat, hill and cantonment in Punjab,
iii. 391, 392.
Cherpulchari, town in Madras, iii. 392.
Cherra, State in the Khasi Hills, Assam,
iii. 392.
Cherra Punji, village and mission station
in Assam, iii. 392, 393.
Cherry, Mr., murdered at Benares (1799),
ii. 256, 264.
Cheruma Perumal, founded Calicut, iii.
264; Raja of Cochin descended from,
iv. 2, 3 ; had his capital at Kodungalur
(Cranganore), viii. 240 ; story of his
abdication and death, ix. 221, 222 ;
eldest son founded dynasty of Travan-
core, xiii. 345.
Cherus, aboriginal tribe in Korea, viii.
297 ; Mirzapur, ix. 456.
Cherupullaseri. Sea Cherpulchari.
Chetpat, quarter of Madras town, iii.
393-
Chetterpur. See Chatrapur.
Chettis or Sheltis, trading caste in Madras
Presidency, ix. 19. 6^*? Trading castes.
Chetvai, village in Madras, iii. 393, 394.
Cheiyair, river in ^Madras, iii. 394.
Cheyair, river in Madras, iii. 394.
Cheyroot, a scarlet dye. See Dyes.
Chhachrauli, town in Punjab, iii. 394.
Chhagan Cobra, village in Orissa, iii.
394-
Chhalapak, village in Bengal, iii. 394.
Chhaliar, petty State in Gujarat, iii. 394.
Chhalla, State in Kathiawar, iii. 394.
Chhanchia Mirganj, village in Bengal,
iii- 394-
Chhanuya, port in Orissa, iii. 394, 395.
Chhapara, historic town in Central Pro-
vinces, iii. 395.
Chhata. See Chata.
Chhatak, village in Assam, iii. 395.
Chhataparab, or umbrella festival, held
at Chakullor, iii. 326.
Chhatarpur, State in Bundelkhand, iii.
395 > 396. ,
Chhatar Sal, Bundela chief, overran
Allahabad, i. 187 ; the hero of the
Bundelas, ii. 48 ; called in the Mara-
thas (1734), iii. 155 5 his ruined palace
and mausoleum at Chhatarpur, iii. 396 ;
conquered Damoh, but ceded it to
the Peshwa, ix. 109 ; defeated the last
governor of Dhamoni, iv. 240 ; con-
quered Hamirpur (16S0), v. 299 ; made
Jalaun the base for his conquest of
Bundelkhand (1671 - 1734), vii. 90;
got Jhansi granted him by Bahadur
Shah (1707), vii. 218 ; built temple of
Kashorini Paton, xi. 83 ; left Sagar on
his death to the Peshwa, xii. 102.
Chhatpur, town in Central India, iii. 396.
Chhatisgarh, Division in Central Pro-
vinces, iii. 396, 397.
Chhatnai, town in Bengal, iii. 397.
Chhibramau, town and tahsil in N. -\V.
Provinces, iii. 397, 398.
Chhindwara, District in Central Pro-
vinces, iii. 398-403 ; physical aspects,
398, 399 ; history, 399, 400 ; popula-
tion, 400, 401 ; agriculture, 401, 402 ;
commerce and tratle, 402 ; administra-
tion, 402, 403 ; medical aspects, 403.
Chhindwara, town and Sub-division in
Central Provinces, iii. 403.
Chhipia, village in Oudh, iii. 403, 404.
Chhipias or Bhavsars, calico printers in
Kaira, vii. 306.
Chhola, range of the Himalayas, iii. 404.
Chhota Bhagirathi, branch of the Ganges,
iii. 404.
Chhota Nagpur. See Chutia Nagpur.
Chhota Sinchula, peak in Bengal, iii. 405.
Chhota Udaipur, town and State in
Gujarat, iii. 405, 406.
Chhuikadan. See Kondka.
Chhuikadan, village in Central Provinces,
iii. 406.
Chhuri, estate in Central Provinces, iii.
406.
Chibhalis, Aryan tribe in the Himalayan
Mountains, v. 412.
Chibramau. See Chhibramau.
Chibu. See Mau.
Chicacole, taluk in Madras, iii. 406.
Chicacole, town in Madras, iii. 407. See
Northern Circars.
68
INDEX.
Chicacole. See Languliya.
Chichali. See Maidani.
Chichgarh, town and estate in Central
Provinces, iii. 408.
Chikadandi, town in Bengal, iii. 40S.
Chikakol. See Chicacole.
Chikalda, village in Berar, iii. 408.
Chikdra. See Ravine deer.
Chikati, estate in Madras, iii. 409.
Chikballapur, town and tdlitk in Mysore,
iii. 409.
Chik Devaraj Sagar. See Chunchankatte.
Chikhli, petty State in Bombay, iii. 409.
Chikhli, taluk in Berar, iii. 409, 410.
Chikhli, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, iii. 410.
Chikmagalur, town and taluk in Mysore,
iii. 410, 411.
Chiknayakanhalli, town and tdluk in
Mysore, iii. 411.
Chikori, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, iii. 411, 412.
Chilambaram, idhik in Madras, iii. 412.
Chilambaram, town in Madras, iii. 412-
414.
Chilasis, aboriginal tribe in the Hindu
Kush, v. 417.
Child, Sir John, 'Captain-General and
Admiral of India' {1684), also styled
' Governor-General,' article ' India,' vi.
370, 371-
Childers, Dictionary of the Pali Language,
quoted, article ' India,' vi. 132, 134,
I37> 13S; 142 (footnotes).
Children under Twelve, Number of. See
Population section under each District.
Child-worship of Krishna, article ' India,'
vi. 222.
Chilianwala, village and battle-field in
Punjab, iii. 414, 415 ; battle of, article
' India,' vi. 412, 413.
Chilka Lake, shallow inland sea in Orissa,
iii. 415-417-
Chillies, Cultivation of, in Akyab, i. 156 ;
Ambala, i. 220 ; Anantapur, f. 277 ;
North Arcot, i. 316 ; Bellary, ii. 245 ;
Bengal, ii. 304; Bhutan, ii. 413;
Cachar, iii. 236 ; Chengalpat, iii. 386 ;
Coimbatore, iv. 18 ; Cuddapah, iv. 52 ;
Daphla Hills, iv. 119; Dungarpur, iv.
323; Goa, v. 93; Hassan, v. 349;
Henzada, v. 388 ; Hill Tipperah, v.
400 ; Hissar, v. 430 ; Jirang, yii. 233 ;
Karnul, viii. 37 ; Khyrim, viii. 215 ;
Kistna, viii. 230 ; Kolar, viii. 276 ;
Madras, ix. 28, 30 ; Nadiya, x. 135,
136 ; Nellore, x. 266 ; Noakhali, x.
347 ; Thayet-myo, xiii. 283 ; Thon-
gwa, xiii. 291 ; Tinnevelli, xiii. 306 ;
Tipperah, xiii. 317 ; Trichinopoli, xiii.
360. ...
Chihnari, village in Bengal, iii. 417.
Chima Bai, wife of Raghuji Bhonsla il.j
built fort and temple of Gumgaon, v.
198.^
Chimna Patel, zaniinddr of Kamtha,
rebellion of (1S18), ii. 361, 362.
Chimnaji Apa, Maratha general, took
Bassein (Wasim), (1739), ii. 191.
Chimur, town and pargand in Central
Provinces, iii. 417.
China, India's trade with, article ' India,'
vi.,577; 582, 583-
Chinab. See Chenab.
Chinamandem, town in Madras, iii. 417.
Chinchimulla, estate in Madras, iii. 417.
Chinchli. See Dang States.
Chinchni, town in Bombay, iii. 417-
Chinddri, a mode of ornamenting cotton
and silk goods in Bombay Presidency,
"• 59- .
Chinese, their numbers in Akyab, i. 134 ;
Bengal, ii. 295 ; Lower Burma, iii. 182 ;
Henzada, v. 386 ; tin miners at Ma-
li-won, ix. 258 ; Rangoon, xi. 485 ;
Taung-ngu, xiii. 223 ; Tavoy, xiii. 231 ;
Tharawadi, xiii. 272 ; Thon-gwa, xiii.
290.
Chingleput. See Chengalpat.
Chini, village in Bashahr Slate, Punjab,
iii. 417, 418.
Chiniot, town and tahsil in Punjab, iii.
418.
Chin Kilich Khan. .S't.r Asaf Jah, Nizam-
ul-Mulk.
Chinna Kimedi. Sec Kimedi.
Chinnamalpur, peak in Madras, iii. 418,
419-
Chins or Khyins, aboriginal tribe in
the Arakan Hill Tracts, i. 300 ; their
religion, manners, customs, and numbers
in Lower Burma, iii. 177, 179, 181,
182, 184; in Upper Burma, iii. 212;
Henzada, v. 386 ; Kyauk-pyu, viii.
386 ; Prome, xi. 230 ; Sandoway, xii.
201, 202; Thayet-myo, xiii. 2S0-282.
Chinsurah, town in Bengal, iii. 419 ;
defeat of the Dutch at, by Clive, article
' India,' vi. 362, 363 ; head-quarters of
the Dutch Settlement in Bengal, vi.
381.
Chintadrapet, quarter of Madras town,
iii. 419.
Chintalnar, estate in Central Provinces,
iii. 419.
Chintamani-pet, town in IMysore, iii.
419-
Chintpurni, mountain range in Punjab,
iii. 419, 420.
Chintz, Manufacture of, at Aliganj-Sewan,
i. 167 ; Gooty in Anantapur, i. 278 ;
Bellary, ii. 247 ; Farukhabad, iv. 415 ;
Irich, vii. 24 ; Islamabad, vii. 26 ;
Masulipatam, viii. 232, ix. 354 ;
Dindigal in Madura, ix. 130; Morada-
bad, ix. 513; Kanauj, x. 396; Shimoga,
INDEX.
69
xii. 404 ; Sialkot, xii. 448 ; Sur Singh,
xiii. 138.
Chipliin, town and Sub-division in
Bombay, iii. 420, 421.
Chips from a German Workshop, Max
Miiller's, quoted, article ' India,' vi.
83 (footnote i) ; 127 (footnote 3) ; 142
(footnote 2) ; 151 (footnote l).
Chipurupalle, estate and tahik in Madras,
iii. 421.
Chirakka], taluk in Madras, iii. 421.
Chirakkal, township in Madras, iii.
421.
Chirakkal Raja, The, took Dharmapatam
from the East India Company (1788),
iy. 253.
Chirala, town in ^Madras, iii. 421.
Chiramkod, division of the Nilj^iri Dis-
trict, Madras, iii. 421.
Chirang Dwar, in Assam, iii. 421, 422.
Chirawa, town in Rajputana, iii. 422.
Chirgaon, town in N.-W. Provinces, iii.
422.
Chirkhari. See Charkhari.
Chisholm, Mr., on the architecture of
^ladras, ix. 106.
Chitdl. See Spotted deer.
Chitaldriig, District in Mysore, iii. 422-
428 ; physical aspects, 422, 423 ; his-
tor}-, 423, 424 ; agriculture, 425, 426 ;
manufactures, etc., 426, 427; admini-
stration, 427 ; medical aspects, 427,
42S.
Chitaldrug, tabik in Mysore, iii. 428.
Chitaldnig, town in Mysore, iii. 428,
429-
Chitalmari, village in Bengal, iii: 429.
Chitang, river in Punjab, iii. 429.
Chita Rewa, river in Central Provinces,
iii. 429.
Chitarkot, hill in N.-W. Provinces, iii.
429, 430-
Chitartala, river in Orissa, iii. 430.
Chit-Firozpur. See Baragaon.
Chitor, town in Rajputana, iii. 430, 431.
Chitra, river in Bengal, iii. 432.
Chitral, town in Kashmir, iii. 432.
Chitralis, tribe in the Hindu Rush, v.
Chitravati, river in Madras, iii. 432.
Chitrawas, State in Kathiawar, iii. 432.
Chittagong, Division or Commissioner-
ship of Bengal, iii. 432, 433.
Chittagong, District in Bengal, iii. 433-
443 ; physical aspects, 433-435; history-,
435-438 ; urban and rural population,
438, 439; occupations, 439; agriculture,
439, 440 ; natural calamities, 440 ;
commerce, etc., 440, 441 ; tea, 441 ;
administration, 441 - 443 ; medical
aspects, 443.
Chittagong, Sub-division in Bengal, iii.
443-
Chittagong, town and port in Bengal, iii.
444-446.
Chittagong Hill Tracts, Districtin Bengal,
iii. 446-453 ; physical aspects, 446-448;
history, 448, 449 ; population, 449,
450 ; agriculture, 450, 45 1 ; commerce
and trade, etc., 452 ; administration,
452, 453,; medical aspects, 453.
Chitta Pahar, mountain range in Punjab,
"'•453-. .
Chittawadigi, town in Madras, iii. 453.
Chittivalasa, town in Madras, iii. 453,
454-
Chittivalasa, river in Madras, iii. 454.
Chittur, idluk in Madras, iii. 454.
Chittiir, town in Madras, iii. 454, 455.
Chittur, town in Cochin, iii. 455.
Chitu, Pindari leader, killed by a tiger
near Ahirwas, i. 82 ; held land in
Narsinghpur, x. 219.
Chitwail, town in Madras, iii. 455.
Chloride of sodium, found in Azamgarh,
i- 399-
Chobari, State in Kathiawar, iii. 455.
Chok, petty State in Kathiawar, iii. 455.
Chokahatu, village in Bengal, iii. 455.
Chokampati, estate in Madras, iii. 455.
Choka Nayakkan, moved capital from
Madura to Trichinopoli, xiii. 356 ;
built palace there, xiii. 364.
Chola, historic division of S. India, iii.
455' 456- See Chera, ancient Hindu
dynasty, vi. 286 ; their history, that of
Tanjore, xiii. 181, 182 ; their capital
Tanjore, xiii. 104.
Cholam. See Millets.
Cholera, especially prevalent in Ajmere-
Merwara, i. 131 ; Akola, i. 144, 146;
Ah'garh, i. 177; Amraoti, i. 250;
Amritsar, i. 266 ; Anantapur, i. 277,
278, 279 ; North Arcot, i. 319 ; South
Arcot, i. 328 ; Assam, i. 373 ; Bakar-
ganj, i. 447, 449 ; Balasor, ii. 10 ;
Bangalore, ii. 65, 72 ; Bankura, ii. 86 ;
Bara Banki, ii. 114; Basim, ii. 188;
Bassein, ii. 201 ; Bastar, ii. 207 ; Bel-
lary, ii. 246, 249 ; Betul, ii. m ; Bha-
galpur, ii.351; Birbhum, iii. ii; Bogra,
iii. 32; Bombay Presidency, iii. 72, 73 ;
Bombay city, iii. 84 ; Bubak, iii. 115 ;
Bulandshahr, iii. 140 ; Lower Burma,
iii. 208 ; Cachar, iii. 239 ; Calcutta,
iii. 259, 260 ; Champaran, iii. 344 ;
Chanda, iii. 355 ; Chengalpat, iii. 388 ;
Chittagong, iii. 437, 440, 443 ; Chitta-
gong Hill Tracts, iii. 453 ; Cochin, iv.
10 ; Cuddapah, iv. 55 ; Cutiack, iv.
72; Dacca, iv. 89; Damoh, iv. 113;
Darbhangah, iv. 125; Darrang, iv.
150 ; Dinajpur, iv. 297 ; Ellichpur, iv.
347 ; Etah, iv. 366 ; Etawah, iv. 377 ;
Faizabad, iv. 387 ; Faridpur, iv. 406 ;
Garhwal, v. 23 ; Tura in the Garo
70
INDEX.
Hills, V. 32; Gaya, v. 50, 52; Goalpara,
V. 120; Godavari, v. 130; Gonda, v.
154; Berar, V. 261 ; Haidarabad (Sind),
V. 285 ; Hardoi, v. 32S ; Hill Tipperah,
V. 401 ; Hissar, v. 433 ; Hoshiarpur,
V. 457 ; Hugli, V. 49S ; Indore, vii. 8;
Jaipur, vii. 58 ; Jalaun, vii. 103 ;
Jalpaiguri, vii. 117; Jerruck, vii. 180;
Jessor, vii. 191 ; Jhanjhana, vii. 214 ;
Jhansi, vii. 225; Kaladgi, vii. 320;
Kamrup, vii. 365 ; South Kanara, vii.
384 ; Kansat, vii. 436 ; Karachi, vii.
451, 460; Karagola, vii. 461 ; Karan-
guli, vii. 465 ; Karnai, viii. 27 ;
Kashmir, viii. 73, 76 ; Kheri, viii.
197 ; Khulna, viii. 209 ; Kolhapur,
viii. 285 ; Kotah, viii. 307, 308 ; Kuch
Behar, viii. 327 ; Kiilu, viii. 344 ;
Kumaun, viii. 357 ; Laccadive Islands,
viii. 396 ; Lakhimpur, viii. 437, 438 ;
Lucknow, viii. 501 ; Madras Presi-
dency, ix. 79, 80 ; Madras city, i.x. 119 ;
Madura, ix. 132; Maimansingh, ix.
201 ; Maldah, ix. 248 ; Manbhum, ix.
286 ; Mandla, ix. 307 ; Meerut, ix.
391 ; Midnapur, ix. 432 ; Miraj, ix.
440 ; Monghyr, ix. 489 ; Montgomery,
ix. 501 ; Murree, x. 19 ; Murshidabad,
X. 31 ; Muzaffarnagar, x. 76 ; Mysore
District, x. 121; Nadiya, x. 140;
Nagpur, x. 172 ; Narsinghpur, x. 223 ;
Nellore, x. 271; Noakhali, x. 352;
N.-W. Provinces, x. 404; Nowgong,
X. 415 ; Orissa, x. 468 ; Oudh, x. 510;
Pabna, x. 520 ; Partabgarh, xi. 74 ;
Patna District, xi. 105 ; Patna State, xi.
116 ; Peshawar, xi. 157 ; Punjab, xi.
292 ; Puri, xi. 309 ; Rai Bareli, xi. 359 ;
Raigarh,xi. 363 ; Jaipur, xi. 374,
376 ; Rajputana, xi. 424 ; Rajshahi,
xi. 438; Rangpur, xi. 500; Salem,
xii. 165; Sambalpur, xii. 184; Sand-
wip Island, xii. 213; Sangli, xii. 218;
Santal Parganas, xii. 234, 236 ; Saran,
xii._ 258, 259; Shahabad, xii. 333;
Shikarpur, xii. 394 ; Sholapur, xii.
419, 420; Simla, xii. 495; Sind, xii.
525 ; Singhbhum, xii. 540 ; Sirsa, xiii.
19 ; Sitapur, xiii. 37 ; Sultanpur, xiii.
103 ; Surat, xiii. 131 ; Sylhet, xiii. 156;
Tanjore, xiii. 194 ; Thar and Parkar,
xiii. 271 ; Tinnevelli, xiii. 31 1 ; Tip-
perah, xiii. 321; Twenty-four Parganas,
xiii. 399; Unao, xiii. 435; Vizagapntam,
xiii. 497 ; Wardha, xiii. 528 ; Wun,
xiii. 546.
Chopda. See Chopra.
Chope, coal-field in Bengal, iii. 456.
See Hazaribagh District.
Chopra, town and Sub - division in
Bombay, iii. 456, 457.
Chora, town in Kathiawar, iii. 457.
Chorangla, petty State in Bombay, iii. 457.
Chorasi, Sub-division of Bombay, iii.
457, 458-
Chota Nagpur. Sec Chutia Nagpur.
Choti, town in Punjab, iii. 458.
Chotila, petty State in Kathiawar, iii. 458.
Chowghat. See Chaughat.
Christianity in India (100 to 1881 a.d.),
article ' India,' vi. chap. ix. pp. 229-
267 ; coeval with Buddhism for 900
years, 229 ; origin of, in India, 229 ;
Syrian Christians in India, 230 ; the
three legends of St. Thomas, 230-233 ;
wide meaning of India in the writings
of the Christian Fathers, 233, 234 ;
first glimpse of Indian Christians
(190), 234 ; ancient Roman trade with
India, 234 ; Jew .Settlements in ancient
Malabar, 234, 235 ; Indian Christians
(190-547), as described by Pantsenus,
Hippolytus,andCosmasIndicopleustes,
235 ; Nestorian Church in Asia, 235,
236 ; Nestorianism and Buddhism side
by side for looo years, 236 ; wide dit^u-
sion of the Nestorian Church, 236,
237 ; the ' Thomas Christians ' of
Persia and of India, 237 ; localization
of the legend of St. Thomas, 237-239 ;
embassy of Alfred the Great to India
(833), 239 ; troubles of the ancient
Indian Church, 240 ; the Nestorian St.
Thomas Christians of Malabar, a power-
ful and respected military caste, 240,
241 ; Portuguese efforts at their con-
version to Rome, 241 ; Synod of
Diamper (1599), 241, 242; Mala-
bar Christians freed from Portuguese
oppressions by the Dutch, 242, 243 ;
Jacobite and Syrian Christians in Mala-
bar, 243 ; extinction of Nestorianism
in Malabar, 243, 244 ; early Portu-
guese missionaries indentihed with
Portuguese aggressions, 244 ; Xavier
and the Jesuits (1542), 244, 245 ; work
done by the Madras Jesuits, 245, 246 ;
early Jesuit stations in India, 246 ;
conquest and conversion the basis of
Portuguese Indian rule, 246, 247 ;
parochial organization of Portuguese
India, 247 ; Jesuit station of Thana
(1550), its Cliristian craftsmen and
cultivators, 247, 248 ; Jesuit rural
organization, 248 ; Cochin, a Jesuit
collegiate city, 248, 249 ; Jesuit itiner-
aries and conversions, 250, 251 ; the
Malabar Mission in the 17th and l8th
centuries, 251 ; caste questions among
Malabar Christians, 251, 252; Chris-
tian martyrdoms, 252, 253 ; establish-
ment of the inquisition at Goa, 253,
254 ; antos da fe, 254 ; persecutions
and aggressions by Portuguese, 254 ;
Goa inquisition abolished (1812), 254 ;
suppression of the Jesuits (1759), 254,
INDEX.
71
255; their re-establishment (1S14'),
255 ; organization of Roman Catholic
Missions in India, 255 ; separate
jurisdiction of the Archbishop of Goa,
255) 256 ; distribution of Roman
Catholics, 257 ; the Verapoli vicariate
in Travancore, 257 ; Syrian and Roman
Catholic Christians, 257 ; statistics of
Roman Catholic population of India,
258 ; Roman Catholic progress, 259 ;
Pondicherri Mission, 259 ; Catholic
colleges and schools, 259 ; first Protes-
tant Missions in India, 259, 260 ;
vernacular translation of the Bible
(1725), 260; Protestant missionaries
in Tanjore, Calcutta, and Serampur,
260 ; opposition of the East India
Company to Missions, 260 ; Bishopric
of Calcutta, 261 ; other Indian sees,
261 ; Presbyterian and other Protestant
Missions, 261 ; statistics of Protestant
jNIissions, 261, 262 ; increase of native
Protestants, 262, 263 ; extended use of
native agency, 263 ; rapid develop-
ment of school work of Protestant
Missions, 262, 263 ; general statistics
of Christian population in India, 263,
264 ; Protestant denominational sta-
tistics, 264, 265 ; Indian Ecclesiastical
establishment, 266,267. Local notices
— Christian population especially nume-
rous or otherwise noteworthy in Agra,
i. 76; Ahmadabad, i. 86; Ahmad-
nagar District, i. 100, city, i. 109 ;
Akyab, i. 154; Allahabad District, i.
188, city, i. 195 ; Ambala, i. 226 ;
Amherst, i, 237 ; Anandapur (-Christian
village), i. 272 ; Anjengo, i. 291 ;
North Arcot, i. 314, 315 ; South Arcot,
i. 322, 323 ; Assam, i. 358, 359 ; Atur,
i. 382 ; Bakarganj, i. 443 ; Bangalore
District, ii. 61, cit)', ii. 69 ; Bareilly,
ii. 141 ; Bassein (Wasai), ii. 191 ;
Bassein District, ii. 196, town, ii.
201 ; Behar, ii. 225 ; Belgaum, ii.
232 ; Bellary District, ii. 243, town,
ii. 250 ; Benares, ii. 257 ; Bengal, ii.
295 ; Bettia, ii. 327, 328 ; Bombay
Presidency, iii. 52, city, iii. 80 ; Lower
Burma, iii. 179, 180, 196; Calcutta,
iii. 256 ; Calicut, iii. 268 ; Cannanore,
iii. 275 ; Cawnpur District, iii. 283,
city, iii. 292 ; Central Provinces, iii.
317 ; Champaran, iii. 338 ; Chen-
galpat, iii. 383 ; Chhagan Cobra
(Christian village), iii. 394 ; Chitta-
gong, iii. 438 ; Cochin State, iv.
4, town, iv. II ; Coimbatore District,
iv. 16, 17, town, iv. 21 ; Coorg, iv.
35 ; Cuddapah, iv. 50 ; Cuttack Dis-
trict, iv. 69, town, iv. 75 ; Dacca,
iv. 83 ; Daman, iv. 103 ; Dehra Dun,
iv. 172 ; Delhi, iv. iSi ; Dharwar, iv.
259 ; Dindigal, iv. 301 ; Faizabad, iv.
383 ; Faridpur, iv. 401 ; Firozpur, iv.
442 ; Ganjam, v. 5 ; Goa, v, 90 ;
Godavari, v. 126 ; Berar, v. 267 ;
Hanthawadi, v. 314 ; Hassan, v. 347,
348 ; Henzada, v. 385 ; Howrah
town, V. 464 ; Jabalpur District, vii.
33, city, ^ vii. 37 ; Jalandhar, vii.
87 ; Kadur, vii. 285 ; Kaira, vii. 302 ;
North Kanara, vii. 370, 371 ; South
Kanara, vii. 378, 379 ; Karachi Dis-
trict, vii. 447, city, vii. 455 ; the
Karens, viii. 6 ; Karnul, viii. 36, 37 ;
Khandesh, viii. 154 ; Khasi Hills, viii.
174 ; Kistna, viii. 229 ; Kolhapur,
viii. 2S3 ; Kotayam, viii. 310 ;
Kumaun, viii. 352 ; Lahore, viii. 407,
408 ; Lohardaga, viii. 480, 481 ;
Lucknow, viii. 516; Madras Presi-
dency, ix. 23-25, city, ix. 108 ;
Madura, ix. 125 ; Malabar, ix. 228 ;
Mangalore, ix. 313, 314 ; Meerut Dis-
trict, ix. 386, town, ix. 393 ; Mergui,
ix. 408 ; Monghyr, ix. 483, 484 ;
Moradabad, ix. 507, 508; Pilultan, x.
6 ; Mysore State, x. 97, District, x.
117 ; Nadiya, x. 132, 134 ; Nagarkoil,
x. 15S ; Nagpur District, x. 169,
city, X. 174 ; Nasik, x. 229 ; Nega-
patam, x. 258 ; Nellore, x. 264 ;
Nilgiri Hills, x. 308; N.-W. Pro-
vinces, X. 372, 373 ; Ongole, x.
423, 424; Orissa, x. 434, 436, 437;
Oudh, X. 497 ; Palghat, x. 543 ; Patna,
xi. 99 ; Peshawar District, xi. 142,
city, xi. 159; Poona District, xi. 205,
city, xi. 210; Punjab, xi. 274;
Rangoon District, xi. 476, city, xi.
485 ; Ratnagiri, xii. 7 ; Rawal Pindi,
xii. 26 ; Rurki, xii. 85 ; Sagar, xii.
104; Saharanpur, xii. 118 ; Salem
District, xii. 159, town, xii. 166 ;
Santal Parganas, xii. 230, 231 ; Shah-
jahanpur, xii. 347 ; Shimoga, xii.
401 ; Shwe-gyin, xii, 431 ; Sialkot,
xii. 451 ; Simla, xii. 493 ; Sind, xii.
517, 519; Singhbhum, xii. 534, 535,
536 ; Tangasseri, xiii. 180 ; Tanjore
District, xiii. 184, 185, city, xiii.
194 ; Taung-ngu, xiii. 223, 224 ;
Tavoy, xiii. 230, 231 ; Thana District,
xiii. 252, 253, town, xiii. 258 ;
Tharawadi, xiii. 272 ; Thayet-myo,
xiii. 280 ; Thon-gwa, xiii. 290 ; Tinne-
velli, xiii. 302-304 ; Tiruvella, xiii.
329 ; Tranquebar, xiii. 341 ; Travan-
core, xiii. 347, 348 ; Trichinopoli
District, xiii. 358, city, xiii. 364 ;
Tuticorin, xiii. 385 ; Twenty-four Par-
ganas, xiii. 393 ; Utakamand, xiii.
452 ;Virarajendra-pet (Christian village),
xiii. 477, 478 ; Vizagapatam District,
xiii. 490, town, xiii. 497. See also
72
INDEX.
Catholics, Missions, and Syrian Chris-
tians.
Christopher, Lt. , R.N., his survey of the
Maklive Islands (1834-35), i^- 249.
Chronicle of the Patluin A'iiii^s of Delhi,
by Mr. E. Thomas, quoted, article
' India,' vi. 271 (footnote) ; 280, 281
(footnotes); 283 (footnote i); 284
(footnote i) ; 385 (footnote 3) ; 287
(footnote 2) ; 291 (footnote) ; 298 (foot-
note i).
Chronicles, The palm-leaf. See Palm-
leaf chronicles. The.
Chronological table of Governors, Gover-
nors-General, and Viceroys of India
C1758-1885), article ' India,' vi. 384.
Chronological table of Muhammadan
conquerors and dynasties (1001-1857),
article ' India,' vi. 271.
Chronological tables of the various Kings,
Governors, and Lieutenant-Governors
of Bengal, ii. 276-279.
Chronology of early European travellers
to India, article ' India,' vi. 356, 357
(footnote).
Chrysolite rosaries, made at Kandahar, i.
39, yii. 391.
Chuadanga, town and ^ub-division in
Bengal, iii. 458, 459.
Chudasamas, tdhikdars in Ahmadabad,
descendants of Hindu dynasty of Juna-
garh, i. 89.
Chunar. See Chanar.
Chunchangiri, hill in Mysore, iii. 459.
Chunchankatta, dam across the Kaveri
river in Mysore, iii. 459.
Chundernagore. .9^^ Chandarnagar.
Chunian, town and taksil in Punjab, iii.
459-
Chiira, town and petty State in Kathiawar,
iii. 460.
Churaman, founder of the Jat dynasty of
^ Bhartpur, ii. 373.
Churaman, village in Bengal, iii. 460.
Churaman, port in Orissa, iii. 460, 461.
Church Missionary Society. See Missions.
Church of England Mission. See Mis-
sions.
Churches (Christian) of interest — the
oldest in Bengal, Bandel, ii. 57 ; old
Roman Catholic (ruined) Bassein
(Wasai), ii. 192; in Calcutta, iii. 251-
253 ; the Memorial, Cawnpur, iii. 292 ;
old Portuguese at Calicut (1525), iii.
269 ; oldest European in India,
Cochin, iv. 12, 13 ; old Syrian at Kota-
yam, viii. 310; oldest Protestant in
India, Madras (1678), ix. 107; old
Portuguese at Manori, ix. 339 ;
Mapusa, ix. 343 ; Margao, ix. 345 ;
Marmagao, ix. 348; St. Thomas'
Mount, xii. 143 ; Syro-Roman at
Sharretalai, xii. 377 ; Memorial to Rev.
T. Huntley, Sialkot, xii. 445 ; Arme-
nian, Surat, xiii. 134 ; old Portuguese,
Trombay, xiii. 370 ; Vypin, xiii. 504.
Churesir, petty State in Bombay, iii. 461.
Chi'irjajira, town in Bengal, iii. 461.
Cluiru, town in Rajputana, iii. 461.
Chutia, village in Bengal, iii. 461.
Chutia Nagpur, Division of Bengal, iii.
461.
Chutia Nagpur Tributary States, petty
Native States in Bengal, iii. 461-465 ;
population, 462-464 ; administrative
history, 464-466.
Chutiya, semi-Hinduized tribe in Assam,
iii. 466, 467. Local notices — Assam, i.
351 ; Darrang, iv. 145 ; Lakhimpur,
viii. 428, 430 ; Nowgong, x. 409 ;
Sibsagar, xii. 461, 463.
Cigars, made in Lower Burma, iii. 190 ;
Trichinopoli, xiii. 361, 365.
Cinchona cultivation, article ' India,' vi.
509-511; introduction of plant, 509;
the plantations in S. India and at
Darjiling, 509, 510; statistics of out-
turn and financial results, 510, 511.
Local notices — Anjinad, i. 292 ; Kal-
hatti in Baba Budan, i. 403 ; Bengal,
ii. 271 and 305 ; Biligiri-rangan, ii. 457 ;
Coorg, iv. 37 ; Dalingkot, iv. 98 ;
Darjiling, iv. 136, 137; Kalhatti in
Kadur, vii. 287 ; Madras, ix. 34, 35,
86 ; Merkara, viii. 413 ; Mysore, x.
102 ; Nilgiri Hills, x. 316-318; Ochter-
lony valley, x. 421 ; Shevaroy Hills,
xii. 3S3 ; Sitang, xiii. 27 ; Taung-ngu,
xiii. 225 ; Tavoy, xiii. 231 ; Utaka-
mand, xiii. 454 ; Yedenalknad, xiii.
.55°- . , .. ■
Cinnamon, found in Bhutan, ii. 414 ;
Cachar, iii. 234 ; South Kanara, vii.
376; Khasi Hills, viii. 173; Khyrim,
viii. 215 ; Madura, ix. 121 ; Malabar,
ix. 229, 230, 231 ; Naga Hills, x. 143 ;
Nilgiri Hills, x. 306 ; Palni Mountains,
xi. 19.
Circars, the Northern, historical name for
tract of country in Madras, iii. 466-469.
Circular Road Canal in Bengal, iii. 469.
Cis-Sutlej States, tract of countiy in the
Punjab, iii. 470, 471.
Cities over 20,000 inhabitants, article
' India,' vol. vi. Appendix VIII. pp.
696, 697 ; over 50,000 inhabitants —
Agra, i. 68-76 ; Ahmadabad, i. 82-93 ;
Aligarh, i. 178 ; Allahabad, i. 195-199 ;
Ambala, i. 224-226 ; Amritsar, i. 263-
266 ; Bangalore, ii. 66-72 ; Bareilly, ii.
145-147; Baroda, ii. 170-173; Bellary,
ii. 250, 251; Benares, ii. 262-267;
Bhagalpur, ii. 352, 353 ; Bhartpur, ii.
?>ll-ni ; Bombay, iii. 73-84 ; Calcutta,
iii. 239-268 ; Calicut, iii. 268-270 ;
Cawnpur, iii. 289-293 ; Chapra, iii.
INDEX.
73
271-273 ; Combaconum, iv. 24 ; Dacca,
iv. 89-92; Darbhangah, iv. 126-128;
Delhi, iv. 185-197 ; Farukhabad, iv.
417 ; Gaya, v. 53 ; Gorakhpur, v. 172,
173; Haidarabad, v. 252-258; How-
rah, V. 464, 465; Indole, vii. S-IO;
Jaipur, vii. 59-61 ; Jalandhar, vii. 91,
92 ; Kabul, vii. 267-275 ; Kamthi, vii.
366, 367 ; .. Kandahar, vii. 389-398 ;
Karachi, vii. 452 - 460 ; Khatmandu,
viii. 1S1-185 ; Lahore, viii. 414-419 ;
Lucknow, viii. 503-518; Madras, ix.
102-119; Madura, ix. n2-i35; Man-
dalay, ix. 287-291 ; Maulmain, ix. 370-
372 ; Meerut, ix. 392-394 ; Mirzapur,
ix. 461, 462; Monghyr, ix. 4S9, 490;
INIoradabad, ix. 513, 514; >Iultan, x.
11-13; Muttra, x. 53, 54; Mysore, x.
122-124; Nagpur, X. I73-I75; ^^'ega-
patam, x. 258, 259 ; Patna, xi. 106-
114; Peshawar, xi. 158-160; Poena,
xi. 210-214; Rampur, xi. 459; Ran-
goon, xi. 481-488; Rawal Pindi, xii.
36-38; Saharanpur, xii. 124, 125;
Salem, xii. 166 ; .Shahjahanpur, xii.
355-357; Sholapur, xii. 420-422;
Srinagar, xiii. 75-77; Surat, xiii. 132-
136; Tanjore, xiii. 194-196; Trichino-
poli, xiii. 363-365.
Cities, Ruined: — Chandra vati, near Mount
Abu, i. 8 ; in Afghanistan, i. 53 ; in
Afghan-Turkistan, i. 56 ; Agroha, i.
78 ; Ahar, i. 81 ; Ajodhya, i. 134, 135 ;
Amber, i. 228 ; Aror, i. 332 ; Asarur,
i- 337 ; Atari, i. 375 ; Badrihat, i. 410;
Bajwara, i. 439; Barkalur, ii. 156;
Barkur, ii. 156 ; Bassana, ii. 176 ;
Basrur, ii. 190; Bausi, ii. 217; Bhad-
reswar, ii. 340 ; Bhadraoti, near Bhains-
ror, ii. 356 ; Bham, ii. 358 ; Bhambore,
ii. 359 ; Bhandak, ii. 359 ; Bikrampur,
ii. 444 ; Bilram, ii. 459 ; Brahmanabad,
iii. 91 ; Champaner, iii. 333, 334 ;
Chanderi, iii. 358 ; in Delhi District,
iv. 179, 189; Deogarh, iv. 202; at
Dheri Shahan, iv. 269, 270 ; Dimapur,
iv. 289, 290; Garhgaon, v. 14, 15;
Gaur, V. 35-41 ; Old Goa, v. 108 ;
Golconda, v. 143, 144 ; Goraghat, v.
163 ; Hampi, v. 306-308 ; Harappa,
V. 319 ; Hastinapur, v. 352 ; in Hlaing,
V. 435 ; Humcha, v. 501, 502 ; Ikkeri,
V. 508 ; Irich, vii. 23, 24 ; Jalalpur,
vii. 81 ; Kamatapur, vii. 351 ; Kasim-
bazar, viii. 80, 81 ; Kasipur, viii. 82 ;
Kayal, viii. 107, 108 ; Khajurahu, viii.
140, 141 ; Kotae, viii. 302, 303 ;
Maibang, ix. 187, 188 ; Malot, ix. 263 ;
Mandawar, ix. 292, 293 ; ]\Iandogarh,
ix. 308, 309 ; Mandcr, ix. 309 ; Manik-
pur, ix. 321 ; Mi'idbidri, ix. 525 ; Miinj,
X. 15; Nalchha, x. 182; Panduah
(Hi'igli), xi. 39; Panduah (Maldah),
xi. 39-42; Rajagriha, xi. 380, 381;
Rajmahal, xi. 390 ; Rangamati, xi.
469; Rangpur (Assam), xi. 501,502;
Rapri, xi. 511 ; Sabhar, xii. 88 ; Sahet
Mahet or Sravasti, xii. 126-134 ; San-
gala, xii. 213, 214; Sankisa, xii. 223,
224 ; Satgaon, xii. 286 ; in Shimoga,
xii. 402, 403 ; Simraon, xii. 501, 502 ;
Subalgarh, xiii. S3 ; Sugh, xiii. 87, 88 ;
Talamba, xiii. 163; Tandan, xiii. 175,
176; in Thar and Parkar, xiii. 267;
Tiruvakarai, xiii. 328 ; Uchh, xiii. 400 ;
Old Udaipur, xiii. 413 ; Ya-theth-myo,
xiii. 549.
Citron, in Upper Burma, iii. 210.
Civil Engineering Colleges, Howrah, v.
465 ; Rurki, xii. 86 ; Sibpur, xii. 458,
459-
Clarke, Gen. Sir Alured, acting Governor-
General (1798), ii. 279.
Clarke, Lt., killed at Mangrol (1821),
monument to, ix. 317.
Clay figures, made at Krishnagar, viii.
317 ; Poona, xi. 213.
Clay, Porcelain. See Kaolin.
Cleghorn, Dr., his Forests and Gardens
of Southern India, referred to, ix. 81.
Cleveland, Auguftus, Collector of Bhagal-
pur, where he died (1785), ii. 345 ;
monuments to him there, ii. 348, 352 ;
and at Karnagarh, viii. 18 ; his Hill
Rangers, quartered at Karnagarh, viii.
17 ; author of the non-regulation system
by his rules for the Paharias, xii. 228.
Climate. See the section. Medical as-
pects, at the end of the articles on the
various Districts, the principal Native
States, and large cities ; and especially
Mount Abu, i. 6 ; Aden, i. 20 ; Af-
ghanistan, i. 37, 38 ; Assam, i. 372,
y]}, ; Baluchistan, ii. 35, 36 ; Baroda,
ii. 169; Bengal, ii. 321, 322; Bhutan,
ii. 415 ; Bombay Presidency, iii. 72,
city, iii. 83, 84 ; Lower Burma, iii.
207, 208 ; Calcutta, iii. 260 ; Central
Provinces, iii. 321-323; Cochin, iv. 9,
10 ; Coorg, iv. 41, 42 ; Darjiling, iv.
139; Gwalior, v. 228, 229; Haidar-
abad State, v. 243, 244 ; Berar, v. 260,
261 ; Haidarabad (Sind), v. 285 ;
Jaipur, vii. 58 ; Jodhpur, vii. 245, 246 ;
Karachi, vii. 450, 451 ; Kashmir, viii.
75, 76 ; Lahore, viii. 413 ; Lucknow,
viii. 501 ; Madras Presidency, ix. 79,
city, ix. 119 ; Mahabaleshwar, ix. 143 ;
Maldive Islands, ix. 252 ; Mandalay,
ix. 291 ; Manipur, ix. 333, 334 ;
Nagpur, x. 172; Nicobar Llands, x.
298; Nilgiri Hills, x. 325; N.-W.
Provinces, x. 403, 404 ; Orissa, x. 467,
468; Oudh, X. 510; Poona, xi. 213;
Punjab, xi. 291, 292 ; Rajputana, xi.
421-423; Rangoon, xi. 481 ; Shevaroy
74
lADEX.
Hills, xii. 384, 385 ; Shillong, xii. 399 ;
Simla, xii. 495 ; Sind, xii. 524, 525 ;
Spiti, xiii. 73 ; Tanjore, xiii. 193 ;
Travancore, xiii. 353 ; Triciiino|)oli,
xiii. 363 ; Upper Sind Frontier, xiii.
44S ; Wellington, xiii. 536.
Clive, Robert, 1st Lord, struggle with
Dupleix in the Karnatik, article ' India,'
vi. 378, 379 ; defence of Arcot, 379 ; re-
capture of Calcutta, 381, 382 ; battle of
Plassey and its results, 3S2 ; his jdgir,
383, 384 ; appointed Governor of Ben-
gal, 3S4 ; his second Governorship,
386 ; his partition of the Gangetic
valley, 387 ; grant of the diwdni of
Bengal, 387 ; reorganization of the
Company's service, 387. Local nofucs —
Took Aligarh (1756), i. 179; defence
of Arcot (1751), i. 309, 310 ; took Arni
(1751). i- 332; and Baj-Baj (1756), j-
438; Governor of Bengal (1765-67),
ii. 278 ; stormed Angria's strongholds
(1756), iii. 38 ; retook Calcutta (1757),
iii. 242 ; began the new Fort William,
iii. 242 ; tried to improve Calcutta, iii.
244; took Chengajpat (1752), Iii. 389 ;
in the Northern Circars, iii. 469 ; took
Conjevaram (1751), *. 27 ; and Cove-
long, iv. 44 ; in command at Cuddalore
(175s), iv. 46; and at Fort St. David's
(1756), iv. 162 ; his narrow escape at
siege of Devikota (1749"), iv. 234 ; sent
Col. Forde to the Northern Circars
(1759), v. 3 ; joined by IMorari Rao in
relief of Arcot, v. 160 ; defeated the
French at Kaveripak (1752), viii. 105 ;
took Viziadnig (1756), viii. 263, xiii.
499 ; importance of the defence of
Arcot to Madras, ix. 12 ; quoted on
Murshidabad, x. 23 ; held first English
Fttnya or settlement of the revenues of
Bengal there (1766), x. 37 ; his victory
of Plassey (1757), xi. 193, 194; took
Tanna (1756), xiii. 19S ; and Trimeri
(1751), xiii. 297 ; went to Arcot to draw
off Chanda Sahib from Trichinopoli,
xiii. 356 ; was granted the Twenty-four
Parganas (1759), with reversion to the
Company, xiii. 390 ; nearly captured
by the French at Viruddhachalam
(1751), xiii. 480; got \.\\Q faniidn for
the Northern Circars (1765), xiii. 485.
Clive, 2nd Lord, Governor of Madras
(179S-1803), ix. 67.
Close, Col. Barry, refused help to Navvab
of Bhopal, ii. 404 ; Closepet named
after him, iii. 471 ; commanded the
advance on Sironj, then held by Amir
Khan (1809), xi i. 8.
Closepet, town and taluk in Mysore, iii.
471, 472.
Cloth. See Cotton-weaving.
Cloth of gold. Sec Brocade.
Clj-de, Lord. See Campbell, Sir Colin.
Coal and coal mining, article ' India,' vi.
41 ; 619; history of Bengal coal mining,
619, 620 ; coal in the Central Provinces,
620, 621 ; Raniganj coal-fields, 621 ;
outlying coal-beds, 621, 622 ; future of
Indian coal, 622 ; geology of Indian
coal-fields, 636, 637. Local notices —
Found in Afghanistan, i. 37 ; Angul, i.
290 ; As^am, i. 347, 348 ; Ballalpur,
ii. 17; Bannu, ii. 90; Bardwan, ii.
127, 133' 134; Baurgarh, ii. 217 ; Bed-
dadanol, ii. 223 ; Bengal, ii. 271, 273,
274; Betul, ii. 329, 332; Bilaspur, ii.
452 ; Bisrampur, iii. 17, 18 ; Bokaro,
iii. 2,2) ; in hills above Jaitpur, iii. 166 ;
Lower Burma, iii. 201 ; Upper Burma,
iii. 211 ; Central India, iii. 295 ; Cen-
tral Provinces, iii. 300 ; Champaran,
iii. 337 ; Chanda, iii. 349 ; Chang
Bhakar, iii. 366 ; Chaukidanga, iii.
Zl':,, 376; Cherra Punji,_ iii. 393;
Chhindwara, iii. 399 ; Chita Rewa, iii.
429 ; Chittagong Hill Tracts, iii. 447 ;
Chope, iii. 456 ; Cutch, iv. 60 ; Dal-
tonganj, iv. 100 ; Darjiling, iv. 130,
138 ; Darrangiri, iv. 150; l5era Ghazi
Khan, iv. 210; Dhoba-khal, iv. 270;
Dihing, iv. 288 ; Gangpur, iv. 47S ;
Garo Hills, v. 26 ; on the Ghugus, v.
76 ; Haidarabad, v. 241 ; Berar, v.
260 ; Hazaribagh. v. 378 ; Henzada,
V. 384; Hoshangabad, v. 442 ; Itkuri,
vii. 28 ; Jabalpur, vii. 34, 35 ; Jainiia
Hills, vii. 49 ; Jaipur (Assam), vii. 6i ;
Jamuna river, vii. 136 ; {ehlam, vii.
167, 168, 175 ; Jharia, vii'. 228, 229 ;
Kangra, vii. 412 ; Karanpura, vii. 468,
469 ; Karharbari, viii. 8, 9 ; Kashmir,
viii. 67; Khasi Hills, viii. 173 ; Korba,
viii. 296 ; Korea, viii. 297 ; Kyauk-
pyu, viii. 386 ; La-ka-dong, viii. 423,
424 ; Lakhimpur, viii. 427, 435, 436 ;
Lohardaga, viii. 477 ; Aladras, ix. ,5 ;
Mahadeo river, ix. 154 ; Deori on the
Little Mahanadi, ix. 164 ; Makum, ix.
216 ; Manbhum (Jharia), ix. 284 ;
Manipur, ix. 324 ; jvlao-beh-larkar, ix.
343 ; Mao-don, ix. 343 ; Maosan-ram,
ix. 343 ; Mergui, ix. 407 ; Naga Hills
X. 144 ; Narsinghpur, x. 222 ; Nicobar
Islands, x. 295 ; Nong-stoin, x. 354 ;
Nowgong, X. 407 ; Orissa Tributary
States, X. 471 ; Rajmahal Hills, xi.
391 ; Ramgarh, xi. 466 ; Raniganj, xi.
503-506 ; Rawal Pindi, xii. 22; Rewa,
xii. 46 ; Safifrai river, xii. 99 ; the
Salt Range, xii. 171 ; the Sameswari
river, xii. 189, 190 ; Santal Parganas,
xii. 227, 234; Sargiija, xii. 267; Sheila,
■ xii. 378 ; Sher river, xii. 379 ; Shvve-
gyin, xii. 430 ; Siarsol, xii. 453 ; Sib-
sagar, xii. 460 ; Siju, xii. 477 ; Siia-
INDEX.
75
rampur, xiii. 39 ; Sylhet, xiii. 145 ;
'J'alcher, xiii. 164; Tapasi, xiii. 199;
Udaipur (Bengal), xiii. 41 1 ; Warora,
xiii. 532 ; Wiin, xiii. 538, 544.
Coalition of Vishnuism with Islam in
Kabir's teaching, article ' India,' vi.
219.
Coal-miners, High wages of, in Bardwan,
Coasting trade of India and coast shipping,
article 'India,' vi. 583-586.
Cobalt in Rajputana, article ' India,' vi.
626. Local notices — ^Jaipur, vii. 52 ;
Rajputana, xi. 401 ; Khetri in Shaik-
hawati, xii. 371.
Cobra di Capello, The, article ' India,' vi.
660.
Cocanada, town, port, and Sub-division
in Madras, iii. 472.
Cochin, State in S. India, iv. i-io ;
physical aspects, 1,2; history, 2-4 ;
population, 4, 5 ; agriculture, 5, 6 ;
commerce and manufactures, 6, 7 ;
means of communication, 7 ; religious
and other institutions, 7, 8 ; natural
calamities, 8 ; administration, 8, 9 ;
medical aspects, 9, 10.
Cochin, idluk in Madras, iv. 10, 11.
Cochin, town in Madras, iv. 11-13 ;
history, 11-13; the Jesuit Collegiate
■ city of the i6th century, vi. 248-250 ;
first establishment of Portuguese factory
at (1500), vi. 358.
Cochineal, in Dhenkanal, iv. 269 ; North
Kanara, viii. 372.
Cock-fighting, a favourite amusement in
Upper Burma, iii. 212.
Cockerell, Mr., murdered at Banda
during Mutiny (1857), viii. 56.
Cocks, Mr. A. H., special commissioner,
was unable to clear Etah of mutineers
(1857). iv. 362.
Cocoa-nut palms, in the Agoada headland,
i. 59 ; Alibagh, i. 166 ; Amalapuram,
i. 207 ; Amherst, i. 239 ; Amrapur, i.
251 ; Anantapur, i. 277 ; Andaman
Islands, i. 286 ; South Arcot, i. 323 ;
Arkalgad, i. 330 ; Bakarganj, i. 441,
445 ; BangaTore, ii. 63 ; Beliapatam,
ii. 239 ; Bellary', ii. 245 ; Bombay, iii.
45 ; Budihal, iii. 128 ; Calimere Point,
iii. 270 ; Chengalpat, iii. 380 ; Chik-
nayakanhalli, iii. 411 ; Chitaldrug, iii.
426; Cochin, iv. 2, 5; the Cocos Islands,
iv. 13 ; Coimbatore, iv. 18 ; Dacca, iv.
85 ; Diu, iv. 305 ; Goa, v. 92, 93 ;
Godavari, v. 122 ; Hassan, v. 349 ;
Honavalli, v, 439 ; Howrah, v. 463 ;
Janjira, vii. 139 ; North Kanara, vii.
3691 372 ; South Kanara, vii. 37^5,
380 ; Kankanhalli, vii. 433, 434 ;
Karwar, viii. 53 ; Kolaba, viii. 260 ;
the Konkan, viii. 289, 291 j Kiimpta,
361 ; Kwa, viii. 382 ; the Laccadive
Islands, viii. 393, 396 ; Madra-;, ix.
29, 30, 87 ; Madura, ix. 121 ; Madu-
rantakam, ix. 135 ; Mahe, ix. 171 ;
Malaliar, ix. 230 ; the Maldive Islands,
ix. 251 ; Mangalore, ix. 313 ; Mergui,
ix. 409 ; Mysore State, x. 100, 102,
District, X. 119 ; Nellore, x. 268 ; the
Nicobar Islands, x. 295, 297 ; Noakhali,
X. 339, 347 ; Niizvid, x. 420 ; Rames-
waram, xi. 443 ; Ratnagiri, xii. 3, 4,
9 ; Salsette Island, xii. 169 ; Sandwip
Island, xii. 210 ; Savanur, xii. 293 ;
Sawantwari, xii. 296 ; Shimoga, xii.
400 ; Tanjore, xiii. 180, 18S ; Travan-
core, xiii. 342, 349 ; Trichinopoli,
xiii. 360 ; Tripunathorai, xiii. 367 ;
Tiimkur, xiii. 376, 37S, 38 1 ; Vengurla,
xiii. 469 ; Vellapur, xiii. 553.
Cocos, The, islands in the Bay of Bengal,
iv. 13, 14.
Coffee cultivation, article ' India,' vi.
502-504 ; its introtluction into India,
502 ; area under cultivation, 502, 503 ;
suitable sites for gardens, 503 ; pro-
cesses of preparation, 503, 504 ; exports
of, 575- Local notices — Aigur, i. ill ;
Anamalai Hil*, i. 271 ; Anantagiri, i.
273 ; Anjinad, i. 292 ; Baba Biidan,
i. 401, 402 ; Balasor (Banasura), ii. 11 ;
Cardamom Hills, iii. 276 ; Chikalda,
iii. 408 ; Chikmagalur, iii. 41 1 ; Cochin,
iv. 5, 6 ; Coimbatore, iv. 18 ; Coonoor,
iv. 28 ; Coorg, iv. 31, 32, 2,?>^ 36, 37 ;
Devala, iv. 231 ; Galikonda Hills, iv.
461 ; Giidaliir, v. 176 ; Hassan, v.
348, 349 ; Jambiir, vii. 121 ; Kadur,
vii. 2S6, 287 ; North Kanara, vii. 372 ;
South Kanara, vii. 382 ; Kiggat-nad,
viii. 216 ; Kolakambai, viii. 272 ;
Koppa, viii. 294 ; Lakvalli, viii. 444 ;
Made, viii. 539 ; Madras, ix. 31, 32,
85, 86; Madura, ix. 120, 129 ; Malabar,
ix. 229, 231 ; Manantavadi, ix. 274 ;
Manjarabad, ix. 334 ; Merkara, ix.
413 ; Mysore, x. 100, lOi, 102 ; Nan-
guneri, x. 196 ; Nanjarajpatna, x. 197 ;
Nelliampali Hills, x. 260 ; Nilgiri
Hills, X. 313 ; Ochterlony valley, x.
421 ; Padinalknad, x. 525 ; Palni
Mountains, xi. 19 ; Palupare, xi. 20 ;
Pirmaid, xi. 186 ; Rayavalasa, xii. 41 ;
Salem, xii. 166 ; Sawantwari, xii.
296 ; Shenkotta, xii. 379 ; Shevaroy
Hills, xii. 383, 384 ; Shimoga, xii,
403 ; Taung-ngu, xiii. 225 ; Tavoy,
xiii. 231 ; Tinnevelli, xiii. 306 ; Tra-
vancore, xiii. 349; Wainad, xiii. 510;
Yedenalknad, xiii. 550 ; Yelusavira,
xiii. 554 ; Verkad, xiii. 556.
Coimbatore, District in jSIadras, iv. 14-
21 ; physical aspects, 14, 15 ; history,
15, 16; population, 16, 17; agriculture.
76
INDEX.
17-19 ; natural calamities, 19 ; com-
merce and trade, 19, 20 ; administra-
tion, 20; medical aspects, 20, 21.
Coimbatore, tdhik in Madras, iv. 21.
Coimbatore, town in Madras, iv. 21, 22.
Coins, Indo-Scythian, dug up at Asarur,
i- 337 ; Greek and Indo-Bactrian at
Bulandshahr, iii. 141 ; Indo-Scythian
at Dipalpur, iv. 304 ; Gujrat, v. 189 ;
Harappa, v. 319 ; Bactrian in Hazara,
V. 360 ; Graeco-Bactrian at Jalalpur,
vii. Si ; gold at Kalinga-patam, vii.
330 ; Greek at Mong, ix. 478 ; Grreco-
Bactrian at Multan, x. 4 ; Roman at
Nellore, x. 272; Greek at Rawal Pindi,
xii. 36 ; gold at Tsandavolu in Repalli,
xii. 44 ; Sandovvay, xii. 201 ; Sarai
Aghat, xii. 249 ; Shorkot, xii. 424 ;
Gra?co-Bactrian at Sonpat, xiii. 62 ;
Sumerpur, xiii. 107; Tamluk, xiii. 172.
Coir fibre matting. Manufacture of, at
Alleppi, i. 200 ; South Arcot, i. 326 ;
Bombay, iii. 59 ; Cochin, iv. 7 ; Goa,
V. 94 ; South Kanara, vii. 382, ix.
54 ; Laccadive Islands, viii. 394 ;
Maldive Islands, ix. 251.
Coke, Gen., his operations in Budaun
(1858), iii. 119 ; suggested Cherat as a
sanitarium (1853), iii. 391.
Colaba. See Kolaba.
Colbert, J. B. , reconstituted the French
East India Company {1664), iv. 451.
Colebrooke's Essays, quoted, article
' India,' vi. 191 (footnote 2).
Colebrooke, Mr., Resident at Nagpur
(1798-1802), x. 167.
Colepett. See Amatti.
Coleroon, mouth of the Kaveri in Madras,
iv. 22.
Colgong, town in Bengal, iv. 22, 23.
Collegal, town and taluk in Madras, iv.
23-
Colleges and high schools, article 'India,'
vi. 476, 477. Local 7iotices of the
principal colleges — Agra, i. 67, 70 ;
Ajmere (the Mayo), i. 130 ; Aligarh,
i. 178; Allahabad (the Muir), i. 193,
19S ; Bareilly, ii. 147 ; Baroda, ii.
169 ; Batala(C.M.S.), ii. 216; Benares
(Queen's and Jai Narayan's), ii. 266, 267 ;
Berhampur, ii. 325, x. 30; Bikaner
(Dungar Singh's), ii. 442 ; Bombay
Presidency (Elphinstone, Deccan,
Gujarat, and Rajaram), iii. 71 ; Bundel-
khand (Rajkumar), iii. 154 ; Calcutta,
iii. 259 ; Ilowrah (Engmeering), iii.
259, V. 465 ; Combaconum, iv. 24 ;
Dacca, iv. 88, 92 ; Hugli, v. 497 ;
Indore (Rajkumar), vii. 8 ; Jaipur, vii.
54 ; Kolhapur, viii. 284 ; Krishnagar,
viii. 317, X. 135; Lahore, viii. 412;
Lucknovv (the Canning and Martiniere),
viii. 517, X. 509; Madras, ix. 116;
Calicut, ix. 234 ; Mangalore (Roman
Catholic), ix. 314 ; Masulipatam (the
Noble), ix. 354 ; Midnapur, ix. 432 ;
Mysore, x. 121 ; Nagpur (the Morris),
x. 174; in the N.-W; Provinces, x.
400, 401 ; Nowgong (Rajkumar), x.
416 ; Patna, xi. 105, 109 ; Collegiate
school (the Edwardes), Peshawar, xi.
156, 160; Pondicherri, xi. 199; Poona
(the Deccan and Science), xi. 209, 213,
214 ; Rajaniahendri, xi. 382 ; Rajkot
(Rajkumar), xi. 389 ; Rampur Beauleah
(the Rajshahi), xi. 438 ; Rangoon, xi.
484 ; Ratlam, xii. 2 ; Rurki (the
Thomason Civil Engineering), xii. 86 ;
Saidapet (Agricultural), xii. 140, 141 ;
Sardhana (St. John's, Roman Catholic),
xii. 266 ; Serampur (Baptist), xii. 318 ;
Sibpur (Engineering), xii. 458, 459 ;
Tanjore, xiii. 193 ; Trivandrum, xiii.
352, 369 ; Mavelikara in Travancore,
xiii. 352 ; Trichinopoli (St. Joseph's,
Roman Catholic), xiii. 369 ; Vizaga-
patam (the Vizianagram), xiii. 496.
Collet, Joseph, Governor of Madras
(1717-20), ix. 67.
Collins, Col. John, left Sindia's camp at
Mulkapur (1803), and thus opened war,
ix. 259.
Colonelganj, town in Oudh, iv. 23, 24.
Coionelganj, river mart in Bengal, iv.
24.
Colquhoun, Mr., his trade journey from
China to Burma (1881), iii. 200, 201.
Colvin, John, Lt. -Governor N.-W. Pro-
vinces, died while besieged in Agra
during the Mutiny (1857), i. 70.
Colvin, Major, carried out works of W.
Jumna Canal, vii. 259 ; E. Jumna
Canal, xii. 1 14.
Combaconum, town and tdhik in Madras,
iv. 24.
Combermere, Lord, took Bhartpur(i827),
ii- 374-
Comercolly. See Kumarkhaii.
Comillah, town in Bengal, iv. 24, 25.
Co/iniie!'ce and Navigation of the Ancients
in the Indian Ocean, by Dean Vincent,
quoted, article ' India,' vi. 164 (foot-
note i); 356 (footnote).
Commerce and Navigation of the Eryth-
reran Sea, by J. M'Crindle, quoted,
article ' India,' vi. 166 (footnotes i and
2); 356 (footnote).
Commerce and trade, article ' India,' vi.
chap. xix. pp. 555-597. Ancient and
mediaeval trade of India, 555 ; function
of modern Indian trade, 555, 556 ;
sea-borne trade impossible under the
Mughals, 556 ; growth of trading and
industrial cities under British rule, 556,
557 ; summary of Indian exports
(1700-1885), 558; India's balance of
INDEX.
77
trade, 558, 559 ; the Home charges,
559 ; India's yearly trade savings, 559 ;
the chief Indian ports of export trade,
559. 560 ; early Portuguese trade, 560 ;
Dutch monopoly of eastern trade,
560 ; early English factories and
advance of English trade, 560, 561 ;
Company's trade in 1834, 561, 562 ;
abolition of inland duties (1836-48),
562 ; growth of Indian foreign trade
(1840-84), 562, 563; Indian trade
statistics (1878-85), 563-565 ; Suez
Canal trade, 564 ; tabular statistics of
import and export trade (1882-83),
566, 567 ; Manchester cotton goods
import trade, 565 - 568 ; treasure, im-
port of, and proportion of gold to
silver, 568, 569 ; raw cotton export
trade, 569, 570 ; jute exports, 570,
571 ; rice export trade, 572 ; rice
export duty, 572, 573 ; wheat trade
and exports, 573 ; oil-seeds, 573, 574 ;
indigo, safflower, myrobalams, tur-
meric, and lac, 574, 575 ; tea and coffee
exports, 575 ; exports of cotton and
jute manufactures, 575, 576 ; India's
trade with different countries, 577-580;
growth of Suez Canal trade, 581 ; Sir
R. Temple's Minute on the balance of
Indian trade, 581-583 ; coasting trade
and shipping of India, 583-586 ; frontier
trade, 586 ; trans-frontier trade with
Afghanistan, Central Asia, Nepal,
Tibet, Burma, and Siam, 586-590;
internal trade of India, 591 ; trading
castes in Southern and Northern India,
591, 592 ; local trade of India; village
money-lenders, travelling brokers, re-
ligious fairs, etc., 592, 593; internal
trade the chief safeguard against famine,
593> 594 ; normal action of internal
trade, 594 ; Provincial statistics of
internal trade, 594, 595 ; trade of
Patna city, 595, 596 ; the village
mart of Dongargaon, 596 ; rural fair at
Karagola, 596, 597. See also Exports
and Imports, Foreign trade. River-
borne trade, and Sea-borne trade, and
the Section on the subject in the several
District articles.
Common origin of European and Indian
religions, vi. 76.
Common shrines of various faiths, article
' India,' vi. 203, 204 ; Muhammadan
and Hindu worship at St. Thomas'
shrine in Madras, 238. Local notices —
Bairam Ghat, i. 437 ; Palitana, xi. 5 ;
Saint Thomas' Mount, xii. 143 ; Sakhi
Sarwar, xii. 145, 146 ; Upray, xiii.
449-
Communication, Means of. See special
section in each District article.
Comorin, headland in Madras, iv. 25 ;
cape at southernmost extremity of India,
^"'- 3- . . .
Comparative Dictionary of the Bihari
Language, by Hoernle and Grierson,
quoted, article ' India,' vi. 336 and
footnote; 337 (footnote l); 341 and
footnote; 344 (footnote).
Comparative Grammar of the Dravidian
Languages, by Bishop Caldwell, quoted,
article ' India,' vi. 66, 67, and foot-
notes ; 173 (footnote 2); 240 (footnote
l); 327 (footnotes 2 and 3); 328 (foot-
note); 330 (footnote 2); 332 (footnote);
340 (footnote 2); 369 (footnote).
Comparative Grammar of the Gaudian
Languages, by Hoernle, quoted, article
' India,' vi. 336 and footnote ; 337
(footnote i).
Comparative Grammar of the Alodern
Ayran Languages of Lndia, by Beames,
quoted, article ' India,' vi. 67 (foot-
note); 103 (footnote); 335 ; 337 (foot-
note 2).
Compen.^ation for disturbance on eviction
in Bengal, article ' India,' vi. 445.
Complexity of the Hindu caste system,
article ' India,' vi. 192-194.
Condavid. See Kondavir.
Condition of the people. Material. See
the Agricultural section of the several
District articles, and for more lengthened
notices, special sections, or paragraphs
on this subject — Ahmadnagar, i. 105 ;
Ajmere-Merwara, i. 124 ; Assam, i.
361 ; Bakarganj, i. 444 ; Basti, ii.
211; Bengal, ii. 300-302; Bhandara,
ii. 363 ; Birbhum, iii. 4, 5 ; Buland-
shahr, iii. 137 ; Lower Burma, iii.
185-189; Cawnpur, iii. 284, 285;
Champaran, iii. 339, 340 ; Cuttack,
iv. 71, 72; Dacca, iv. 84; Darrang,
iv. 146, 147 ; Dehra Dun, iv. 174,
175; Dharwar, iv. 260; Dinajpur, iv.
293, 294 ; Etah, iv. 362, 363 ; Etawah,
iv. 375 ; Faizabad, iv. 385 ; Faridpur,
iv. 402 ; Fatehpur, iv. 427 ; Firozpur,
iv. 443 ; Ganjam, v. 7 ; Garhwal, v.
21 ; Goa, V. 94 ; Gonda, v. 153 ;
Gurdaspur, v. 210; Gurgaon, v. 218-
220 ; Berar, v. 269 ; Hamfrpur, v.
302 ; Hazaribagh, v. 374; Jalaun, vii.
99; Jalpaiguri, vii. 1 13; Jaunpur, vii.
155; Jehlam, vii. 172; Jhansi, vii.
224 ; Jodhpur, vii. 238 ; Kamri'ip, vii.
361 ; Kangra, vii. 418 ; Khasi and
Jaintia Hills, viii. 175, 176 ; Kotah,
viii. 306 ; Lakhimpur, viii. 432 ;
Lohardaga, viii. 483, 484 ; Lucknovv,
viii. 498; Madras, ix. 36 ; Maimansingh,
ix. 196; Maldah, ix. 243, 244; Western
Malwa, ix. 269 ; Manbhum, ix. 282 ;
Meerut, ix. 388 ; Monghyr, ix. 486 ;
Moradabad, ix. 509 ; Muttra, x. 49 ;
78
INDEX.
Muzafifargarh, x. 62 ; Nagpur, x. 170 ;
Nasik, X. 230, 231 ; Noakhali, x. 346 ;
N.-\V. Provinces, x. 390 ; Nowgong,
x. 410, 411 ; Oudh, X. 500 ; Peshawar,
xi. 152, 153; Puri, xi. 305, 306;
Kangpur, xi. 495, 496 ; Ravval Pindi,
xii. 27 ; Saharanpur, xii. 120; Salem,
xii. 161 ; Saran, xii. 254, 255 ; Shah-
jahanpur, xii. 348, 349 ; Sibsagar, xii.
465, 466 ; Sind, xii. 521 ; Singhbhum,
xii. 536, 537 ; Sirsa, xiii. 13, 14 ; Sural,
xiii. 127 ; Sylhet, xiii. 151 ; Tipperali,
xiii. 316, 317 ; Twenty-four Parganas,
xiii. 395.
Conflans, Marquis de, defeated by Colonel
Forde at Condore (1758), v. 124 ; suc-
ceeded Bussy as French commandant
at Masulipatam, viii. 228 ; driven out
of Rajamahendri by Forde, xi. 383.
Conga dynasty. The, Solar kings in
Salem, xii. 153, 154.
Cbnjevaram, town and taluk in Madras,
iv. 26, 27.
Conolly, Capt., on the Province of Herat,
V. 391 ; estimate of its revenue, v. 392.
Conolly, Mr., Collector of Calicut,
murdered there by Moplas (1855), iii.
269, ix. 323 ; founded first teak plan-
tation in Malabar, near Beypur (1844),
ix. 7-
Contai, town and Sub-division in Bengal,
iv. 27.
Constantius, The Emperor, sent an em-
bassy to Aden (342 a.d.), i. 15.
Conti, Nicolas, speaks of Kayal as Cahila
and a pearl fishery, viii. 107 ; visited
Pegu (1430), xi. 474.
Control of India in England under the
Company and under the Crown, article
' India,' v. 431.
Convents, Roman Catholic, at Asansol, i.
337 ; Bandel, ii. 57 ; Calcutta, iii. 253;
Calicut, iii. 269; Cochin, iv. 13;
Darjiling, iv. 141; Entalli, iv. 354;
Old Goa, V. 107 ; Kamthi, vii. 367 ;
Lucknow, viii. 517 ; Mangalore, ix.
314; Tinnevelli, xiii. 303; Tuticorin,
xiii. 385 ; Verapoli, xiii. 471, 472.
Convict establishment in the Andaman
Islands, i. 284.
Conybeare, Mr., built the Vehar Reservoir
for the water-supply of Bombay (1853),
xiii. 466.
Cook, Dr., asserts ^he Brahuis to be
Tartars, iii. 98 ; on the palace of
Khelat, viii. 187.
Coompta. See Kumpta.
Coolies, Importation of, into A'isam, i.
366 ; Lower Burma, iii. 193 ; Cachar,
iii. 235 ; Chittagong Hill Tracts, iii.
451 ; W. Dwars, iv. 335 ; Sibsagar, xii.
468.
Cooliesj Exportation of, from Lohardaga,
viii. 479; Pambam, xi. 23; Tanjore,
xiii. 185 ; Tinnevelli, xiii. 304.
Coonoor, hill station in Madras, iv. 27,
28.
Cooper, Mr., Deputy Commissioner of
Amritsar, defeated the mutineers of
Meean Meer (July 1857), viii. 406,
407-
Coorg, territory in S. India, iv. 28 - 42 ;
history, 28-31 ; physical aspects, 31,
32 ; population, 33 - 36 ; agriculture,
36-38 ; manufactures and commerce,
38, 39 ; administration, 39, 41; medical
aspects, 41, 42.
Coorgs, The, their origin and history, iv.
29 ; their resistance to Haidar AH and
Tipu Sultan, iv. 30 ; annexation of
Coorg by the Company, iv. 30, 31 ;
their manners, appearance, dress, and
language, iv. 34, 35.
Coorla. See Kurla.
Coote, Sir Eyre, defeat of Lally at Wandi-
wash (1761), article 'India,' vi. 379,
380; in the first Mysore war (1780),
392. Local notices — Took Alamparai
(1760), i. 163; and Arcot (1760), i.
310; and Arni (1782), i. 232; failed
in his attack on Chilambaram (1781),
iii. 413; occupied Chittur (1781), iii.
454 ; took Karanguli (1759), vii. 466 ;
his victory at Wandiwash, ix. 13, xiii.
518 ; and at Porto Novo, ix. 13, xi. 222;
defeated Haidar Ali at Perambakam
(1781), xi. 136 ; wounded in attack on
Pcrumakal (1759), xi. 140; took Pon-
dicherri (1761), xi. 198; defeated
Haidar Ali at Sholinghar (1781), xii.
422, 423; took Tripasur (1781), xiii.
367 ; took Valdavur (1760), xiii. 461 ;
took Wandiwash (1759), vvon victory
there (1760), and twice relieved Flint
there in the siege of 1780-83, xiii. 518.
Cooum, river in RIadras, iv. 42. .S^^? also
Madras city.
Cope, Capt., made a stand at Chilambaram
(1749), iii. 412; after his failure to
take Devikota, iv. 234.
Copper and copper mining, article
' India,' vi. 42; 607; 625, 626. Local
notices — Afghanistan, i. 36; Ajmere-
Merwara, i. 118; Alwar, i. 203;
Anantapur, i. 274 ; North Arcot, i.
312 ; Badakshan, i. 407 ; Badvel, i.
412 ; Baluchistan, ii. 36 ; Banagana-
palli, ii. 43; Bellaiy, ii. 241, 250;
Bengal, ii. 271 ; Bhagalpur, ii. 345 ;
Bikaner, ii. 439 ; Lalitpur in Bundelk-
hand, iii. 152 ; Upper Burma, iii. 211 ;
Central India, iii. 295 ; Chamba, iii.
329; Champaran, iii. 337; Cuddapah,
iv. 48 ; Darjiling, iv. 130, 138 ; Dera
Ghazi Khan, iv. 208 ; Dharwar, iv.
258 J Garhwal, v. 22 ; Gurgaon, v.
INDEX.
79
216; Hazaribagh, v. 378, 379;. the
Himalaya jNIountains, v. 412; Jaipur,
vii. 52 ; near Baxa in Jalpaiguri, vii.
109; Jehlam, vii. 167; Jhabua, vii.
194; Kalaha-ti, vii. 321 ; Kangra, vii.
412, 413 ; Kapargadi, vii. 440 ; Kar-
nul, viii. 34; Kashmir, viii._ 67;
Khetri, viii. 200, xii. 371 ; Kistna,
viii. 226 ; Kulu, viii. 337 ; Kuniaun,
viii. 349 ; Lakhi Mountains, viii. 424 ;
Lohardaga, viii. 476 ; Madras, ix. 6 ;
Mattod, ix. 366 ; Mergui, ix. 407 ;
Nawanagar, x. 252 ; Nellore, x. 261 ;
Nepal, X. 278 ; Narnaul in Patiala, xi.
87 ; Pokri, xi. 195 ; Rajputana, xi.
401 ; the Santal Parganas, xiL 227 ;
Satara, xii. 276; Shwe-gyin, xii. 430;
Sikkim, xii. 484 ; Singhana, xii.
529; Singhbhum, xii. 531, 539; Sir-
mur, xii. 554 ; Sirohi, xiii. 2 ; Tavoy,
xiii. 228; Trichinopoli, xiii. 355;
Udaipur, xiii. 401 ; Vinukonda, xiii.
476-
Copper and brass vessels and utensils.
See Brass and copper vessels and
utensils.
Copper-chasing in Peshawar, xi. 154.
Corembu Gaonden, hills in Madras, iv.
42. See Kalrayanmalai.
Coriander seed, Cultivation of, at Ambala,
i. 220 ; Coorg, iv. 37 ; Haidarabad
State, v. 245 ; Madras, ix. 30 ; Tin-
nevelli, xiii. 306 ; Tipperah, xiii. 317.
Coringa, town and port in Madras, iv.
42-43-
Corn, Indian. See Maize.
Cornelian. See Carnelian.
Cornish, Dr., estimate of deaths during
the Madras famine (1876-78), ix. 40;
on the climate of Madras, ix. 1 19.
Cornwallis, Marquis of (17S6-93), article
' India,' vi. 392 - 394 ; his revenue
reforms and the Permanent Settlement
of Bengal, 393 ; second^ Mysore war,
394 ; second administration of (1805),
and his death after a few weeks in
India, 399. Local notices — Took
Bangalore, ii. 61, 68; Permanent
Settlement of Bengal, ii. 279, 280;
statue of, in Town Hall, Calcutta, iii.
251 ; saved Coorg by the third Mysore
war, iv. 30; took Devanhalli (1791).
iv. 232 ; gave back Gohad and Gvvalior
to Sindhia (1805), iv. 277; died at
Ghazipur (1805), where there is a
monument to him, v. 71 ; his letter to
the Nizam interpreting the treaty of
1789, v. 250, 251 ; took Hutri-durga
(1791), V. 503 ; dismantled Maddiir
(1791), viii. 539 ; his war with Tipi'i,
ix. 13 ; his statue at Madras, ix. 106 ;
fixed revenue and judicial head-quarters
. of Bengal at Calcutta, x. 24 ; took
Nandidrug (1791), x. 192 ; made
commercial treaty with Nepal (1792),
X. 286 ; stormed Raidrug (1791), xi.
362; stormed Savandrug (1791), xii.
294 ; his advance on Seringapatam
(1791), and siege (1792), xii. 319;
made Vellore his base of operations
during 1791, xiii. 468. See also Per-
manent Settlement.
Coromandel, part of the eastern coast of
Madras, iv. 43. See Chola.
Coromandel, town in Madras, iv. 43.
Corporate holdings of cultivated land in
N.-W. Provinces and in the Punjab,
article ' India,' vi. 451.
Correa, on the death and burial of Vasco
da Gama at Cochin, iv. 12 ; made treaty
of Martaban (15 19), xi. 474.
Cortelliar, river in Madras, iv. 43.
Corundum, found in Dharapuram, iv.
251 ; Kadur, vii. 283 ; Madras, ix. 6;
Monghyr, ix. 480 ; Salem, xii. 153.
Coryat, Tliomas, walked from Jerusalem
to Ajmere (1616), i. 121 : visited
Hardwar, which he calls capital of
Siva, v. 332.
Cosmos Indicopleustes' history of the
Christian Church in Ceylon, and along
the Malabar seaboard (547), article
' India,' vi. 235. Local notices — On
Kalyan, vii. 347, ix. 166, 167 ; speaks
of Male, the root of Malabar, ix. 217 ;
implies that the Maldive Islands were
inhabited, ix. 250; his Kalliena pro-
bably Kalyamappr, suburb of Udipi,
xiii. 416.
Cosquin, M. Emmanuel, Revue des Ques-
tions LHstoriques, liv. 56, quoted,
article 'India,' vi. 157 (footnote 3);
152 (footnote 2).
Cossimbazar, historic town in Bengal.
See Kasimbazar.
Cossipur, village in Bengal, iv. 43, 44.
Cossye. See Kasal.
Cotsford, Edward, founded fort and
factory at Ganjam (1768), v. 3.
Cotton-cleaning machines, inThayet-myo,
xiii. 284.
Cotton cultivation and manufacture,
article ' India,' vi. 491 ; the American
war, its effects on Indian cotton grow-
ing, 491, 492 ; cotton districts in India,
area under cultivation, and out-turn,
492, 493 ; cottor^cleaning, 494 ; im-
ports of Manchester goods, 565, 566 ;
exports of raw cotton, 569, 570 ; ex-
ports of manufactured cotton, 575 ;
decline of cotton-weaving owing to
Manchester competition, but still a
domestic industry in India, 599-601 ;
steam cotton mills in different Pro-
vinces, 611, 612; sound basis of Indian
cotton manufacture, 611-613 ; exports
So
INDEX.
of Bombay manufactured cotton to
China and Africa, 613, 614 ; future
prospect of Indian cotton manufactures,
614.
Cotton, Cultivation of, in Agra, i. 64;
Ajmere-Merwara, i. 125; Akola, i.
143, 144; Alahyar-jo-Tando, i. 161 ;
AHgarh, i. 173; Allahabad, i. 189;
Ahir, i. 202 ; Alwar, i. 205 ; Ambala,
i. 220; Amherst, i. 239; Amjhera,
i. 244; Amraoti, i. 247, 248; Amritsar,
i. 259; Arakan Hill Tracts, i. 301,
302; North Arcot, i. 316; South
Arcot, i. 323 ; Aundh, i. 384 ; Badak-
shan, i. 407 ; Bahawalpur, i. 422 ;
Bajana, i. 438 ; Balasinor, i. 460 ;
Baluchistan, ii. 36 ; Bamra, ii. 42 ;
Banaganapalli, ii. 43 ; Banda, ii. 50 ;
Bankura, ii. 83 ; Bannu, ii. 94 ; Bantwa,
ii. 103; Bardwan, ii. 130; Bareilly, ii.
142; Baroda, ii. 158 and 164; Bar-
pali, ii. 174; Basim,ii. 186; Belgaum,
ii. 234, 235 ; Bellary, ii. 245 ; Bhau-
nagar, ii. 380 ; Bijnaur, ii. 432 ;
Biiaspur, ii. 450; Bombay Presi-
dency, iii. 53-55 ; Borasambar, iii.
89 ; Broach, iii. 107 ; Budaun, iii.
120; Bulandshahr, iii. 137; Bul-
dana, iii. 146; Bundelkhand, iii. 152;
Bundi, iii. 159 ; Lower Burma, iii.
189, 191 ; Upper Burma, iii. 210 ;
Cambay, iii. 271 ; Cawnpur, iii. 285 ;
Central India, iii. 295 ; Central Pro-
vinces, iii. 318 ; Chanda, iii. 35.2 ;
Padmapur, iii. 365 ; Chindwara, iii.
401 ; Chitaldrug, iii. 425 ; Chittagong,
iii. 439 ; Chittagong Hill Tracts, iii.
450, 451 ; Chura, iii. 460 ; Cochin,
iv. 5 ; Coimbatore, iv. 18; Cuddapah,
iv. 52 ; Cutch, iv. 61 ; Dacca, iv. 85,
90; Dader, iv. 92; Delhi, iv. 182;
Dera Ghazi Khan, iv. 214 ; Dera
Ismail Khan, iv. 224 ; Dhar, iv. 246 ;
Dharwar, iv. 262, 263 ; Dholpur, iv.
274; Dhrangadra, iv. 278; Dungarpur,
iv. 323 ; Eliichpur, iv. 345 ; Etah, iv.
362 ; Etawah, iv. 367, 374 ; Faruklia-
bad, iv. 413 ; Firozpur, iv. 443 ; Garo
Hills, v. 30, 31 ; Gaya, v. 49 ; Ghazi-
pur, v. 67 ; Goalpara, v. 116 ; Goda-
vari, v. 127; Gondal, v. 157; Gorakh-
pur, v. 169 ; Gujranwala, v. 184 ;
Gujrat, V. 193; Gurdaspur, v. 211;
Gurgaon, v. 220* Gwalior, v. 228 ;
Haidarabad, v. 245 ; Berar, v. 269,
270 ; Haidarabad (Sind), v. 280 ;
Hamirpur, v. 302 ; Hardoi, v. 326 ;
Hill Tipperah, v. 400 ; Hissar, v. 430;
Hoshangabad, v. 446 ; Hoshiarpur, v.
455 ■' Hugli, V. 494 ; Indore, vii. 2 ;
Jabalpur, vii. 33 ; Jafarabad, yii. 39 ;
Jaipur, vii. 52; Jalalabad, vii. 75;
Jalandhar, vii. 88; Jalaun, vii. 98;
Jalpaiguri, vii. 113; Jamkhandi, vii.
127 ; Jashpur, vii. I46 ; Jath, vii. 14S ;
Jaunpur, vii. 155 ; Jehlam, vii. 172 ;
J hang, vii. 210 ; Jhansi, vii. 223 ;
Jnnagarh, vii. 262 ; Kaira, vii. 304 ;
Kaladgi, vii. 317, 318 ; Kalsia, vii.
344; Kapurthala, vii. 443; Karnal,
viii. 24; Karnul, viii. 38; Karond,
viii. 46 ; Kathiawar, viii. 96 ; Ka-
wardha, viii. 106 ; Khairagarh, viii.
130; Khairpur, viii. 136; Khandesh,
viii. 156; Khasi Hills, viii. 177; Kolha-
pur, viii. 281 ; Kondka, viii. 288 ;
Korea, viii. 297 ; Kotah, viii. 306 ;
Kulpahar, viii. 334 ; Kumaun, viii.
354 ; Kundla, viii. 364 ; Kuram, viii.
369 ; Kurundwad, viii. 376 ; Lahore,
viii. 410; Lakhtar, viii. 441 ; Larkhana,
viii. 463 ; Lathi, viii. 467 ; Limri, viii.
472 ; Lohara, viii. 474 ; Lohardaga,
viii. 483 ; Ludhiana, viii. 522 ; Madras,
ix. 28, 29, 31; Madura, ix. 129;
Mainpuri, ix. 208 ; Maldive Islands,
ix. 251 ; Maler Kotla, ix. 255 ; Malia,
ix. 256 ; Mallani, ix. 261 ; Western
Malwa, ix. 269 ; Manipur, ix. 331 ;
Meerut, ix. 387 ; Midnapur, ix. 429 ;
Mikir Hills, ix. 436 ; Miraj, ix. 440 ;
Montgomery, ix. 498 ; Moradabad, ix.
' 508 ; Morvi, ix. 519 ; Mudhol, ix. 527;
Mull, ix. 538 ; Multan, x. 7 ; Muttra,
X. 48 ; Muzaffargarh, x. 61 ; Muzaffar-
nagar, x. 72 ; Mysore, x. 100, 103 ;
Nabha, x. 126; Nadiya, x. 135 ; Nag-
pur, X. 170; Narsinghpur, x. 221;
Nasik, x. 232 ; Nawanagar, x. 252 ;
Nellore, x. 266 ; Nimar, x. 333 ;
N.-W. Provinces, x. 377 ; Nowgong,
X. 411 ; Orissa, x. 459 ; Oudh, x. 501 ;
Palanpur Agency, x. 537 ; Paliana, xi.
3 ; Pandaria, xi. 35 ; Patandi, xi. 85 ;
Patna District, xi. loi ; Patna State,
xi. 115; Peshawar, xi. 153; Phuljhar,
xi. 168 ; Poona, xi. 207 ; Prome, xi.
231 ; Punjab, xi. 278 ; Puri, xi. 306 ;
Radhanpur, xi. 342 ; Raigarh, xi. 362;
Raipur, xi. 373 ; Rairakhol, xi. 378 ;
Rajkot, xi. 388 ; Rajpipla, xi. 392 ;
Rajputana, xi. 418 ; Ramdrug, xi. 441 ;
Rc-iwal Pindi, xii. 29 ; Rohri, xii. 64 ;
Rohtak, xii. 73 ; Sachin, xii. 88 ; Sada-
bad, xii. 90 ; Sagar, xii. 105 ; Saharan-
pur, xii. 120; Sailana, xii. 142; Sakti,
xii. 148 ; Salem, xii. 161 ; Sambalpur,
xii. 183 ; Sangli, xii. 218 ; Santal
Parganas, xii. 232 ; Saran, xii. 255 ;
Sarangarh, xii. 260 ; Sarguja, xii. 268 ;
Satara, xii. 280, 281 ; SattanapaUi, xii.
290; Savamir, xii. 293 ; Sayla, xii. 299 ;
Shahabad, xii. 329 ; Shahpur, xii. 365 ;
Shwe-gyin, xii. 432 ; Sialkot, xii. 446 ;
Sibi, xii. 455; Sibsagar, xii. 466; Sind,
xii. 520, 522 ; Singhbhum, xii. 537 ;
INDEX.
8i
Sirohi, xiii. 5 ; Sitaman, xiii. 26 ; Sita-
pur, xiii. 35 ; Sonpur, xiii. 63 ; Siuat, xiii.
126 ; Sylhet, xiii. 152 ; Tadpatri, xiii.
159; Tarai, xiii. 209 ; Taung-ngu, xiii.
224 ; Thayet-myo, xiii. 284 ; Tigaria,
xiii. 294 ; Tinnevelli, xiii. 306 ; Triclii-
nnpoli, xiii. 360 ; Udaipur{Rajputana),
xiii. 402; Udaipur (Bengal), xiii. 412;
Unao, xiii. 432 ; Virpur, xiii. 479 ;
Wadhwan, xiii. 506 ; Wala, xiii. 514;
Wankaner, xiii. 5^^ 5 Warahi, xiii.
521 ; Wardha, xiii. 526 ; Wun, xiii.
543-
Cotton-dyeing. See Dyeing.
Cotton-ginning factories, at Ankleswar,
i. 293 ; Badnera (steam), i. 409 ;
Broach, iii. 107 ; Dabhoi, iv. 76 ;
Dharwar, iv. 263 ; Jalgaon (steam),
vii. 104; Jambusar, vii. 122; Jodhia,
vii. 134 ; in Khandesh (steam), viii.
Cotton import duties. Abolition of, vi.
46S.
Cotton-mills, Steam. See Steam cotton
mills.
Cotton presses or screws, at Agra, i. 65 ;
Akola, i. 147; Aligarh, i. 178; Am-
raoti, i. 251 ; Badnera (steam), i. 409 ;
Beawar, ii. 222 ; Bhaunagar (steam),
ii. 382 ; Broach (steam), iii. 108 ;
Cavvnpur, iii. 292 ; Chandrausi, iii.
357 ; Dhulia (steam), iv. 282 ; Erode,
iv. 357 ; Firozpur, iv. 447 ; Guntur, v.
205 ; in Berar, v. 271 ; Hinganghat, v.
421, xiii. 527 ; Jalgaon (steam), vii.
104 ; Karachi, vii. 453 ; Khamgaon,
vili. 144; in Khandesh, viii. 157 ;
Khiirja, viii. 212 ; Palladam, xi. 13 ;
Saharanpur, xii. 122 ; Shegaon, xii.
377 ; Tuticorin (steam), xiii. 386 ;
Wardha, xiii. 529.
Cotton-printing, atAslana, i. 340; Bagru,
i. 420 ; Jahangirabad in Bulandshahr,
iii. 138; Faizpur, iv. 389; Jambusar,
vii. 122 ; Kadi, vii. 280 ; Kaira, vii.
306 ; Kheri, viii. 196 ; Masulipatam,
ix. 354; Morasa, ix. 516; Murassapur,
x. 16; Murgod, X. 17; Sakhera, xii.
145 ; Sanganer, xii. 217 ; Sitapur, xiii.
36 ; Upper Sind Frontier, xiii. 447 ;
Waso, xiii. 533.
Cotton trade. Centres of, Maimana in
Afghan-Turkistan, i. 55; Akola, i. 147;
Akot, i. 148 ; Amraoti, i. 251 ; Anjen-
gaon, i. 290 ; Ankleswar, i. 293 ;
Anwa, i. 295 ; Atrauli, i. 380 ; Aurang-
abad, i. 388 ; Badnera, i. 409 ; Barsi,
ii. 176; Beawar, ii. 222; Bellary, ii.
247; Bengal, ii. 311, 312; Betigeri,
ii. 327 ; Bhaunagar, ii. 382 ; Bombay,
iii. 76, 77 ; Chopra, iii. 457 ; Coco-
nada, iii. 472 ; DeoH, iv. 203 ; Dhar-
angaon, iv. 250; Dholera, iv. 271;
VOL. XIV.
Dhulia, iv. 2S2 ; Digras, iv. 287 ;
Faizpur, iv. 389; Gadarwara, iv. 457;
Garag, v, 10; Haveri, v. 358; Hin-
ganghat, V. 421; Hingoli, v. 422;
Hubli, V. 467 ; Ja'gaon, vii. 104 ;
Jammalammadugu, vii. 129 ; Kauriya,
viii. 104 ; Khamgaon, viii. 143 ;
Khiirja, viii. 212 ; Kumpta, viii. 360,
361; Manikar Char, ix. 319; Mirpur
Khas, ix. 451; Narsinghpur, x. 224;
Nawabganj, x. 248; Patna, xi. 1 12;
Pisangan, xi. 188 ; Raipur, xi. 378 ;
Rajapur (N.-W. P.), xi. 385; Rani-
bennur, xi. 503 ; Sahiwal, xii. 137 ;
Salaya, xii. 149 ; Sankeswar, xii. 222 ;
.Sarsa, xii. 270; Sarsaganj, xii. 271;
Selu, xii. 307; Seoni, xii. 315, 316;
Shahganj,xii. 342; Shegaon, xii. 377 ;
in Sind, xii. 521 ; Surat, xiii. 134 ;
Tadpatri, xiii. 160 ; Tuticorin, xiii.
386 ; Udaipur (Bengal), xiii. 413 ;
Vadagenhalli, xiii. 460 ; Wadhwan,
xiii. 506 ; Wardha, xiii. 529.
Cotton, Weaving and manufacture of.
Local notices — Abiranian, i. 3 ; Adoni,
i. 26 ; Istalif in Afghanistan, i. 34 ;
Afzalgarh, i. 57 ; Agra, i. 65 ; Agror,
i. 78 ; Ahmadabad, i. 96 ; Ahmad-
nagar, i. 104 ; Akalkot, i. 137 ; Akola,
i. 144 ; Aliabad, i. 165 ; Alipur, i.
181; Ambala, i. 222; Amethi Dungar,
i. 231 ; Amraoti, i. 251 ; Anantapur,
i. 278 ; Andhargaon, i. 287 ; Anji, i. 292 ;
Anupshahr, i. 295 ; Arakan Hill Tracts,
i. 302 ; North Arcot, i. 317 ; South
Arcot, i. 326 ; Armori, i. 331 ; Ami,
i. 331 ; Assam, i. 367 ; Athni, i. 378 ;
Attikuppa, i. 381 ; Bagalkot, i. 413 ;
Bahraich, i. 432 ; Balasor, ii. 9 ; Bal-
rampur, ii. 26 ; Banga, ii. 58 ; Banga-
lore, ii. 64 ; Bankura, ii. 85 ; Bara
Banki, ii. 1 13; Baragaon, ii. I17 ;
Barha, ii. 149 ; Basim, ii. 187 ; Batala,
ii. 216 ; Behar, ii. 228 ; Belgaum, ii.
236 ; Bellary, ii. 247 ; Bengal, ii. 30S,
309 ; Betul, ii. 332 ; Bhagalpur, ii.
350 ; Bhandara, ii. 365 ; Bhdnder, ii.
368 ; Bhaunagar, ii. 380 ; Bhavani, ii.
383 ; Bhera, ii. 386 ; Bhiwapur, ii.
401 ; Bhutan, ii. 414 ; Bijnaur
(N.-W. P.), li. 435; Bijnaur (Oudh),
ii. 436; Bilaspur, ii. 451 ; Birbhum,
iii. 9 ; Biria, iii. 12 ; Bisalnagar, iii.
14; Bishnupur, iiii 16; Bitraganta, iii.
20; Bombay, iii. 58; Bori, iii. 89;
Brahmapuri, iii. 93; Broach, iii. 1 14;
Buldana, iii. 147; Burhanpur, iii. 165 ;
Cachar, iii. 235, 236 ; Cambay, iii.
272 ; Cawnpur, iii. 292 ; Central Pro-
vinces, iii. 319; Chakwal, iii. 327;
Champa, iii. 332 ; Champaran, iii. 343 ;
Chanda, iii. 354, 355 ; Chandj^ur, iii.
361 ; Chandrakona, iii. 364 ; ChengaU
F
82
INDEX.
pat, iii. 3S7 ; Chhindwara, iii. 402 ;
Chicacole, iii. 407; Chiknayakan-halli,
iii. 411 ; Cliikori, iii. 412; Chimur, iii.
417; Chiniot, iii. 41S; Chirala, iii.
421; Chitaldrug, iii. 426, 428; Chitta-
gong, iii. 441 ; Closepet, iii. 471 ;
Coimbatore, iv. 19; Coorg, iv. 38;
Cuddalore, iv. 45 ; Cuddapah, iv. 53 ;
Cutch, iv. 62; Cuttack, iv. 72; Daliba,
iv. 76; Dacca, iv. 85; Dain-hat, iv.
95; Daman, iv. 103; Darbhangah, iv.
125; by the Lepchas in Darjiling, iv.
137; Daudnagar, iv. 158; Deoband,
iv. 199; Deodar, iv. 200; Deori, iv.
205 : DeraGhazi Khan, iv. 218 ; Dera
Ismail Khan, iv. 225 ; Deulgaon Raja,
iv. 230; Dhandhuka, iv. 243; Dhanori,
iv. 244; Dhapewara, iv. 245; Dhar-
angaon, iv. 250; Dharvvar, iv. 264;
Dholka, iv. 272; Dhrangadra, iv. 279;
Dhrol, iv. 279; Dhiilia, iv. 282; Dod-
ballapur, iv. 311; Dodderi, iv. 31 1;
Drug, iv.^ 317 ; Etawah, iv. 379 ;
Farukhabad, iv. 415; Fatehpur(Oudh),
iv. 431 ; Gadarwara, iv. 457; Gambat,
iv. 460 ; Ganjam, v. 9 ; Garhakota, v.
13; Garo Hills, V. 31 ; Godavari, v.
129; Gokak, v. 142; Gondal, v. 157 ;
Gubbi, v. 176; Gudiatham, v. 177;
Gudur, v. 178; Gujrat, V. 197; Guled-
garh, v. 197; Gumgaon, V. 198; Gur-
daspur, V. 212; Gurgha, v. 224; Berar,
V. 270; Haidarabad (Sind), v. 282;
Hamirpur, v. 304; Hanthawadi, v. 316;
Hassan, v. 349 ; Hill Tipperah, v. 400 ;
Hissar, v. 432 ; Hongal, v. 440 ;
Hoshangabad, v. 447 ; Hoshiarpur,
V. 456, 458; Hospet, V. 459; Hugh',
V. 496 ; Ikhtiyarpur, v. 508 ; Inchal-
karanji, v. 510 ; Indapur, v. 510 ;
Islamabad, vii. 26; Jabalpur, vii. 35 ;
Tafarabad, vii. 39 ; Jaggayapet, vii. 42 ;
Jahangirabad, vii. 45 ; Jais, vii. 65 ;
Jaitpur, vii. 71 ; Jalalpur-Nahvi, vii. 81 ;
Jalandhar, vii. 89 ; Jalaun, vii. 100 ;
Jalna, vii. 107; Jamkhandi, vii. 127;
Jammalammadugu, vii. 129 ; Janjira,
vii. 139 ; Jaswantnagar, vii. 147 ;
Jawad, vii. 161 ; Jehlam, vii. 175 ;
Jhalod, vii. 203; Jhang, vii. 21 1, 213 ;
Jirang, vii. 233 ; Jodhpur, vii. 239 ;
Junagarh, vii. 262 ; Kadur, vii. 287 ;
Kaimganj, vii. 298 ; Kaira, vii. 306 ;
Kakori, vii. 312; Kakraul, vii. 312;
Kaladgi, vii. 319; Kalahasti, vii. 321 ;
Kalawar, vii. 324 ; Kalmeshwar, vii.
339; Kanauj, vii. 3S7 ; Kandeli, vii.
399; Kandiaro, vii. 406; Karauli, vii.
473 ; Karkamb, viii. 13 ; Karmala,
viii. 17; Karnal, viii. 25, 29; Karniil,
viii. 41 ; Karwaitnagar, viii. 53 ; Kash-
mor,viii. 79; Kasipur,viii. 82; Katangi,
viii. 86; Kavali, viii. 105; Kerur, viii.
117; Khairpur, viii. 135, 137; Khan
dash, viii. 157; Klianpur, viii. 164
Khanwahan, viii. 164 ; Kliapa, viii
165; Khasi Hills, viii. 178; Kheri
viii. 196; Khipra, viii. 202; Khirpai
viii. 203; Khora, viii. 204; Khushab
viii. 213; Kishangarh,viii. 224; Kistna
viii. 232; Kittur, viii. 238; KodUpet
viii. 240 ; Kohlat, viii. 248 ; Kolar
viii. 277; Kolhapur, viii. 284; Kong
noli, viii. 288 ; Kopaganj, viii. 292
Kotah, viii. 306 ; Kotar, viii. 310
Kuch Behar, viii. 324 ; Kursi, viii
374; Kurundwad, viii. 376; Kyauk
pyu, viii. 387 ; Lahul, viii. 422
Lakhtar, viii. 441 ; Larkhana, viii
464, 465 ; Limri, viii. 472 ; Lodhi
kera, viii. 473; Lohardaga, viii. 4S5
Lucknovv, viii. 500; Ludhiana, viii
523. 524, 526 ; Machhreta, viii. 535
Madapollam, viii. 537; Madgiri, viii
540; Madras Presidency, ix. 53, 54
Madura, ix. 130; Maherwar, ix. 173
Malabar, ix. 233 ; Mallani, be. 261
IManbhum, ix. 284; Mandla, ix. 305
Mangalore, ix. 314; Manglaur, ix. 316
Mamar, ix. 318; Manjhand, ix. 335
Mannargudi, ix. 338 ; ^Nlariadeh, ix
346 ; Masulipatam, ix. 354 ; Mau
ix. 369 ; Maunagar, ix. 372 ; Mau
Natbhanjan, ix. 373 ; Maunda, ix. 373
Mayavaram, ix. 373; Mehar, ix. 397
Mehkar, ix. 399; Melukote, ix. 404
Miraj, ix. 440; Mohan, ix. 474; Mont
gomery, ix. 500; Moradabad, ix. 513
INIoro, ix. 517 ; Mowar, ix. 523
Mubarakpur, ix. 525 ; Mudhol, ix. 527
Miil, ix. 535; Multan, x. 13; Muzal
fargarh, X. 63 ; Mysore, x. 120; Nabisar
X. 127; Naga Hills, x. 153; Nagar
Parkar, x. 158; Nagina, x. 160; Nag-
pur, X. 174; Najibabad, x. 179; Nama-
kal, X. 187; Narajol, x. 203; Narsipur,
X. 225 ; Nasarpur, x. 228 ; Yeola,
X. 233; Nasik, x. 237; Naushahro,
X. 244, 245 ; Nawanagar, x. 252 ;
Nawashahr, x. 254 ; Nellore, x. 269 ;
Nepal, X. 284; Neri, x. 291 ; Nilgiri
Hills, X. 321 ; Noakhali, x. 350 ;
Nosari, x. 405 ; Nowgong, x. 412 ;
Pali, xi. 2; Pamidi, xi. 24; Panipat,
xi. 47 ; Parmagiidi, xi. 65 ; Parner,
xi. 66; Parseoni, xi. 67; Anhilwara
Patan, xi. 82 ; Patan Saongi, xi. 84 ;
Pauni, xi. 120; Peshawar, xi. 155;
Petlad, xi. 162; Phaltan, xi. 164;
Pilkhuwa, xi. 180; Pind Dadan Khan,
xi. 183; Pindigheb, xi. 1 84; Pondi-
cherri, xi. 199; Poona, xi. 209, 214;
Porbandar, xi. 215; Pudiikattai, xi.
238 ; Pullampet, xi. 241 ; Punjab,
xi. 287; Puri, xi. 308; Rahatgarh,
xi. 346; Rahon, xi. 347; Rai Bareli,
INDEX.
83
xi. 357; Kaigarli, xi. 362; Ramding,
xi. 441,442; Rangoon, xi. 479; Rania,
xi. 502 ; Ranibenmir, xi. 503 ; Ranipur,
xi. 509; Rath, xi. 51S; Raver, xii. 14;
Rawal Pindi, xii. 32, 38; Rayachoti,
xii. 39; Recti, xii. 43; Rohri, xii. 65 ;
Rohtak,xii. 75; Rupar,xii. 83; Sachin,
xii. 88; Sadalgi, xii. 91; Sadhaura,
xii. 93 ; Sadras, xii. 95 ; Saharanpur,
xii. 122; Sahaspur, xii. 125; Saidapet,
xii. 139; Salem, xii. 163, 166; Sam-
balpur, xii. 183, 184; Sambhal, xii.
187; Sampgaon, xii. 191 ; Sandoway,
xii. 203; Sangamner, xii. 216, 217;
Sangarhi, xii. 217; Sanivassante, xii.
221 ; Sankeswar, xii. 222; Santal Par-
ganas, xii. 234 ; Santipur, xii. 247 ;
Saoli, xii. 247 ; Saoner, xii. 248 ;
Sarai Saleh, xii. 250; Saran, xii. 257 ;
Sarangarh, xii. 260; Sarguja, xii. 268 ;
Sarjapur, xii. 269; Satara, xii. 282;
Savanur, xii. 293 ; Sayyidnagar, xii.
299; .Sehwan, xii. 305, 306; Selu,
xii. 307; Seoni, xii. 313; Shahabad,
xii. 332; Shahapur, xii. 338; Shikar-
pur, xii. 393, 396; Shikohabad, xii.
398; Shimoga, xii. 404; Shivgaon, xii.
410; Sholapur, xii. 418, 421; Sialkot,
xii. 448, 452; Sibi, xii. 456; Sibsagar,
xii. 468; Sihora, xii. 477; Sindewahi,
xii. 525; Sindi, xii. 526; Singhbhiim,
xii. 539 ; the Singpho Hills, xii. 542 ;
Sirsa, xiii. 20; Sisotar, xiii. 24; Sita-
pur, xiii. 36; Songir, xiii. 61 ; Sonpur,
xiii. 63; Subeha, xiii. 86; Sultanpur,
xiii. loi ; Siipul, xiii. 117; Surat, xiii.
129; Surharpur, xiii. 137; Sylhet, xiii.
153; Talagong, xiii. 162; Tanda, xiii.
174, 175; Tando Muhammad Khan,
xiii. 178, 179; Tari Baragaon, xiii.
213; Tatta, xiii. 218; Thakurdwara,
xiii. 246; Thana, xiii. 257; Thar and
Parkar, xiii. 270; Tharu Shah, xiii.
274; Thathayangarpet, xiii. 274; Tijara,
xiii. 294; Tipperah, xiii. 319; Tiruch-
engod, xiii. 324; Tiriinageswaram, xiii.
325; 'I'richinopoli, xiii. 361; Tumkiir,
xiii. 379; Tumsar, xiii. 382; Turu-
wanur, xiii. 384 ; Twenty-four Par-
ganas, xiii. 397; Umarkot, xiii. 421;
Umrer, xiii. 423 ; Unao, xiii. 434 ;
Upper Sind Frontier, xiii. 447 ; Urai,
xiii. 450 ; Viravanallur, xiii. 478 ;
Vizagapatam, xiii. 493, 494, 498 ;
Wadhwan, xiii. 506; Waigaon, xiii.
510; Walajapet, xiii. 515; Walidpur,
xiii. 516; \Vankaner, xiii. 519; Waso,
xiii. 533; \Vun, xiii. 544; Veola, xiii.
555; Zaidpur, xiii. 560.
Cotton trees, in the Andaman Islands,
i. 282 ; Bhagalpur, ii. 343 ; Eastern
Dwars, iv. 328 ; Himalaya Mountains,
V. 409 ; Jalpaiguri, vii. 108 ; Karauli,
vii. 471 ; Nepal, x. 277 ; Sikkim, xii.
484 ; Sitapur, xiii. 30 ; Sultanpur,
xiii. 97.
Cotton, Sir Arthur, his anicut across the
Coleroon, iii. 279, iv. 22 ; across the
Godavari, v. 133 ; his deepening of the
Panibam Passage, xi. 22, 23 ; designed
the Penner anicut, xi. 134; his works
in Tanjore, xiii. 190.
Cotton, Sir J. S., commanded the river
column in first Burmese war (1S25),
xiii. 289.
Cotton, Colonel, commanded the column
in Muttra in 1857, x. 47.
Cotton, INIajor, took Pegu (1852), xi. 128.
Couper, Sir G. E. W., Lieut. -Governor
of the N.-W. ProN-inces (1876-82), x.
370.
Court, General, his estimate of the popu-
lation of Kandahar, vii. 390 ; explored
the sliipa at ]\Ianikiala (1834), ix. 320;
suggested that Arrian's Mount Aornos
was near Attock, xi. 506.
Courtallum, %-illage in ]\Iadras, iv. 44.
Courts, Number of civil and criminal. See
Administration section under each
Pro^^nce and District.
Couts, The Decadas of de, quoted, on
Broach, iii. 1 13 ; Elephanta, iv. 343.
Covelong, village in Madras, iv. 44 ; or
Coblem, old settlement of the Ostend
East India Company, vi. 373.
Covilham, earliest recorded Portuguese
traveller to Cochin (1487), article
' India,' \A. 357 ; Jesuit missionary in
India, killed in 1500, vi. 244; at Cali-
cut (1486), iii. 269.
Cowcally. See Geonkhali.
Cowell, Prof., on the toh or Sanskrit
schools, X. 138.
Cowrie shells, found in the Laccadive
Islands, viii. 396 ; Maldive Islands,
ix. 251.
Cox, Captain, placed in charge of the
Magh fugitives from Arakan into Chit-
tagong(i799), iv. 45.
Cox's Bazar, town and Sub-division in
Bengal, iv. 44, 45.
Coxe, Colonel, put down symptoms of
mutiny in Dera Ismail Khan (1857),
iv. 222.
Cranganore. See Kranganur.
Craigie, Capt., defended Kilat-i-Ghilzai
(1842), i. 34, 35.
Crape, Rodant, first Danish captain who
came to India, and obtained settlement
at Tranquebar (1616), xiii. 340.
Crawford, Lt.-Col., proposed the making
of the Vehar Reservoir to secure the
water-supply of Bombay, xiii. 466.
Crawfurd, Mr., quoted, on Ava, i. 389,
390 ; his estimate of the population of
Upper Burma, iii. 213.
84
INDEX.
Creighton, H., first explored the ruins of
Gaur (1801), V. 37, 39.
Cretinism, Notices of, in Ambala, i. 224 ;
Champaran, iii. 344 ; Kulu, viii. 344 ;
Kumdun, viii. 357.
Crichton, Capt., Deputy Commissioner
of Chanda, suppressed rising of Babu
Rao and Vyankat Rao in 1857, iii. 351.
Criminal classes or tribes, described, in
Aligarh, i. 176 ; North Arcot, i. 315 ;
Belgaum, ii. 232 ; Budaun, iii. 120 ;
Champaran, iii. 338 ; Cuddapah, iv.
51 ; Dharwar, iv. 260; Gonda, v. 155,
156 ; Gaya, v. 46, 52 ; Gurgaon, v.
218 ; Hazaribagh, v. 373; Karnal, viii.
26; Lalitpur, viii. 447, 451, 456;
Madras, ix. 20, 21 ; Malia, ix. 256 ;
Western Malwa, ix. 269 ; Mewat, ix.
419, 420 ; Muzaffarnagar, x. 70 ;
Nallamalai Hills, x. 186 ; Rajgarh, xi.
386 ; Rajputana, xi. 413, 415 ; Sajar,
xii. 104, 105 ; Saran, xii. 257.
Criminal statistics. See the Administra-
tive section at the close of every Dis-
trict article.
Criminal Tribes Act, article ' India,'
vi. 71.
Criminale, Father Antonio, martyred at
Punnaikayal in Tinnevelli (1549), xiii.
3°3-
Crocodiles, article ' India,' vi. 660, 661.
Local notices — Bakarganj, i. 442 ;
Bulandshahr, iii. 133 ; Karunguli tank
in Chengalpat, iii. 383 ; Darbhangah,
iv. 123; Dehra Dun, iv. 170; Dinaj-
pur, iv. 291 ; Etawah, iv. 370 ; Gaur,
V. 40 ; Gonda, v. 147 ; Gwalior, v.
229 ; Indore, vii. 2 ; in the Indus, vii.
14 ; Karachi, vii. 445 ; Karauli, vii.
472 ; Kheri, viii. 191 ; Lahore, viii.
405 ; Madras Presidency, ix. 94 ;
Monghyr, ix. 481 ; Montgomery, ix.
495 ; Saran, xii. 252 ; in the Tungab-
hadra, xiii. 383.
Crole, Mr., quoted, on the remains at
Mahabalipur, ix. 144, 145 ; on the
battle of St. Thomas' Mount (1759),
xii. 143, 144.
Crops, of the Himalayas, article ' India,'
vi. 8 ; of the river plains and Gangetic
Delta, vi. 32, 35 ; of Southern India,
vi. 40, 41 ; of Burma, vi. 42. See
also vol. vi. chapter xvii.. Agriculture
and Products, pp. 484-511 ; and the
Agricultural section of each District
article.
Crop statistics for India, Uncertainty of,
vi. 500, 501.
Croton, grown at Dindigal, iv. 301.
Crozier, Mr., manager of the Viziana-
gram Estate, xiii. 488, 501.
Crushed tribes, vi. 71.
Crystals, Rock, found at Dharmapuram,
iv. 251 ; Madura, ix. 122 ; Tanjore,
xiii. 181.
Csoma de Koros lived for some years at
Kanum, vii. 43S ; Life and Works of,
by Dr. Theodore Duka, quoted, article
' India,' vi. 153 (footnote).
Cubbon, Sir Mark, his successful admini-
stration of Mysore (1834-61), x. 95;
his house at Nandidrug, x. 192.
Cuddalore, town and tdltik in Madras, iv.
45' 46.
Cuddapah, District in Madras, iv. 47-55 ;
physical aspects, 47, 48 ; history, 48-
50 ; population, 50, 51 ; agriculture,
51, 53 ; natural calamities, 53 ; com-
merce and trade, 53, 54 ; administra-
tion, 54 ; medical aspects, 54) 55-
Cuddapah, taluk in Madras, iv. 55.
Cuddapah, town in Madras, iv. 55, 56.
Cullen, Gen., introduced coffee cultiva-
tion into Travancore, xiii. 349.
Culna. See Kalna.
Cultivated, cultivable, and uncullivable
area, etc., of certain Provinces of
British India, vi. 691, Appendix III.
Cultivators, Rights of, reserved by the
Permanent Settlement of Bengal, vi.
442, 443 ; oppression of, by rack-renting
landlords, 443 ; the Land Act of 1859,
444 ; Rent Commission of 1879, and
its proposed reforms in the direction of
fixity of occupancy and compensation
for disturbance, 444, 445.
Cumbum, town in Ivladras, iv. 57.
Cunningham, Sir A., Corpus Inscrip-
tioniim Iiidicancm, quoted, article
' India,' vi. 103 (footnote) ; 144 (foot-
note) ; 145 (footnote) ; 146 (footnotes) ;
153 (footnote 2) ; 167 (footnote i) ;
Ancient Geography of India, 155 (foot-
note) ; 157 (footnote l) ; 164 (footnotes
I and 3) ; 165 (footnote) ; 166 (foot-
note i) ; 167 (footnote 3) ; 185 (foot-
note 2) ; Rep07-ts of the Archizological
Survey of India, 184 (footnote I).
Local notices — Quoted as to Allahabad,
i. 196 ; Asariir, i. 337 ; Atari, i. 375 ;
Atranji Khera, i. 3S0 ; Bahraich, i.
427 ; Benares, ii. 107 ; Bareilly, ii.
141 ; Bhera, ii. 3S6 ; Buddh Gaya, iii.
125, 126 ; Champaran District, iii.
334. 335. .340., 341 .;. Charsadda, iii.
yj'i, ; Chilianwala, iii. 415 ; the city
of Indraprastha, iv. 179 ; Delhi, iv.
189; Dheri Shahan, iv. 269, 270;
Dipalpur, iv. 303, 304 ; Giriyak, v.
85 ; Mong, v. 189, ix. 478 ; Gujrat, v.
196 ; Gwalior, v. 235 ; Harappa, v.
319; Hardwar, v. 331, 332; Hasht-
nagar, v. 344 ; Tandwa in Ikauna, v.
507; Jalalpur, vii. 81, 166; Sangla-
vvala Tiba, vii. 207 ; Kalinga, vii. 328-
330; Kapila, vii. 440 ; Kasia, viii. 79;
INDEX.
85
Kasipur, viii. 82 ; Katas, viii. 87 ;
Kesariya, viii. iiS; Kliajura.hu, viii.
140 ; Kurukshetra, viii. 375 ; Ladakh,
viii. 397; Maharashtra, ix. 166-168;
Manikiala, ix. 320 ; Matan, ix. 360 ;
the course of the Ravi, x. 2 ; Mi'iltan,
X. 3, 4 ; Padrauna, x. 527 ; Pakpattan,
X. 532 ; Patna," xi. 107 ; Rajagriha,
xi. 380, 381 ; Rajamahendri, xi. 382 ;
Ranigat, xi. 506 ; Rawal Pindi, xii.
36; Sahet Mahet, xii. 126-134; San-
gala, xii. 213, 214 ; Sankisa, xii. 223,
224 ; Sharwa, xii. 271 ; Shorkot, xii.
424 ; Sialkot, xii. 441 ; the Son, xiii.
53 ; Sonpat, xiii. 62 ; demarcated the
boundaries of Spiti (1846), xiii. 70;
quoted as to Sugh, xiii. 88 ; Talamba,
xiii. 163 ; Thaneswar, xiii. 260 ; Uchh,
xiii. 400.
Currency, in Baroda, ii. 168 ; Bastar, ii.
207 ; Independent (now Upper) Burma,
iii. 219 ; Haidarabad State, v. 248 ;
Jaipur, vii. 54 ; Karauli, vii. 473 ;
Kashmir, viii. 75 ; Kuch Behar, viii.
320 ; Manipur, ix. 332 ; Nepal, x.
283, 284 ; Savanur, xii. 293 ; Sohag-
pur, xiii. 47 ; Srinagar (N.-\V. P.),
xiii. 78 ; Trivandrum, xiii. 369.
Cust, Mr. R. N., Linguistic and Orienial
Essays, quoted, vi. 103 (footnote).
Customs, inland lines, abolished by
Lord Mayo, vi. 425 ; import duties
abolished by Lord Ripon, vi. 429.
Customs revenue, vi. 467.
Customs, manners, and mode of life of the
Afghans, i. 45-47 ; of the Akas, i.
136 ; of the Andamanese, i. 284, 285 ;
of the Arakan Hill Tribes, i. 300, 301 ;
of the Baluchis, ii. 38, 39 : of the
Hatkars, ii. 185, 186 ; in Bastar, ii.
207, 20S ; of the Korachavandlu, ii.
244 ; of the Kurkus, ii. 330, 331 ; in
Bhandara, ii. 363 • of the Bhils and
Bhilalas, ii. 389-391 ; of the Bhutias,
ii. 412, 413 ; of the Brahuis, iii. 98-
100 ; of the hill tribes in Lower Burma,
iii. 183-185 ; of the Burmese, iii. 185-
188 ; of the Marias and Maris, iii.
307 ; of the Gonds, iii. 308-311 ; of
the Chittagong Hill Tribes, iii. 449,
450 ; of the Chutiyas, iii. 466, 467 ;
of the Coorgs, iv. 34, 35 ; of the
Daphlas, iv. 119; of the Mechs, iv.
332 ; of the Chandals, iv. 400, 401 ;
of the Garos, v. 28-30 ; of the Shins
and Yeshkiins, v. 80, 81 ; of the
Hazaras, v. 366 ; of the Tipperahs, v,
399 ; of the Bishnois, v. 429 ; of the
Juangs, vii. 250-252 ; of the Siahposh
"Kafirs, vii. 290-292 ; of the Kandh>,
vii. 401-405; of the Kangra tribes,
vii. 420-422 ; of the Karens, viii. 3-5 ;
of the Kashmiris, viii. 70 ; of the
Khamtis, viii. 145, 146 ; of the Khasis,
viii. 175 ; of the Kols, viii. 254-259 ;
of the Kotas, viii. 301 ; of the Kur-
umbas, viii. 376 ; of the Laccadive
islanders, viii. 395, 396 ; of the
Ladakhis, viii. 398, 399 ; of the
Lushais, viii. 530 ; of the Nairs, ix.
227, 228, xiii. 348, 349 ; of the Malay-
alls, ix. 238, 239 ; of the Maldive
islanders, ix. 250, 251 ; of the Mani-
puris, ix. 329, 330 ; of the Korkus, ix.
403, 404 ; of the Meos, ix. 419, 420 ;
of the Mikirs, ix. 436, 437, x. 15 1 ;
of the Miris, ix. 445-450 ; of the
Mishmis, ix. 463-465 ; of the Kurubas,
X- 98, 99 ; of the Nagas, x. 147-150 ;
of the Kukis, x. 150, 151 ; of the
Naikdas, x. 177 ; of the Chenchus, x.
185, 186 ; of the Nicobarians, x. 296,
297 ; of the Nilgiri Hill tribes, x. 309-
313 ; of the Palni Hill tribes, xi. 17,
18; of the Minas, xi. 413, 414; of
the Moghias, xi. 415 ; of the Rewa
Kantha Bhils, xii. 51, 52 ; of the
Kolis, xii. 52, 53 ; of the Santals, xii.
240-246 ; of the Hos or Larka Kols in
Singhbhum, xii. 534, 535, 536 ; of the
Chins, xiii. 2S0-282 ; of the Namburis,
xiii. 348 ; of the Banjaras of Wun, xiii.
541, 542.
Cutch, State in Gujarat, iv. 57-64 ;
physical aspects, 57, 58 ; the Rann,
58, 59 ; earthquakes, 59, 60 ; minerals,
etc., 60; population and history, 60,
61 ; agriculture, 61, 62 ; trade and
manufactures, 62 ; administration, 62-
64 ; medical aspects, 64 ; silver
jewellery of, vi. 605.
Cutlery, Manufacture of, article ' India,'
vi. 606. Local notices, including
knives, swords, etc. etc. — Amod, i.
245 ; Balrampur, ii. 26 ; Sojitra and
Pattan in Baroda, ii. 159 ; Bhera, ii.
386 ; Bijnaur, ii. 435 ; Chhatarpur, iii.
396 : Kaimganj, vii. 298 ; Khairpur,
viii. 137 ; Khairpur Dharki, viii. 138 •
Kurwai, viii. 378 ; Lashkarpur, viii.
466 ; INIandalay, ix. 290, 291 ; Mon-
ghyr, ix. 487 ; Panipat, xi. 47 ; Anhil-
wara Patan, xi. 82 ; Peshawar, xi.
154; Rampur, xi. 459; Salem, xii.
163 ; Sialkot, xii. 448 ; Sirohi, xiii.
7 ; Virawah, xiii. 478.
Cuttack, District in Orissa, iv. 64-75 !
physical aspects, 64, 65 ; rivers, 65,
66 ; estuaries and harbours, 66, 67 ;
canals, 67, 68 ; embankments, 68 ;
history, 68 ; population, 68-70 ; agri-
culture, etc., 70-72 ; natural calamities,
72; manufactures, 72; commerce, trade,
etc., 73 ; administration, 73, 74 ;
medical aspects, 74, 75.
Cuttackj Sub-division of Orissa, iv. 75.
86
JNDEX.
Cuttack, town in Orissa, iv. 75.
Cutwa. Sec Katwa.
Cyclones, prevalent in the Andaman
Islands, i. 286 ; North Arcot, i. 317 ;
South Arcot, i. 325 ; Bakarganj, i.
446 ; Balasor, ii. 8 ; Bassein, ii. 200 ;
Bellary, ii. 246, 247 ; Calcutta, iii. 260,
261 ; Chengalpat, iii. 386 ; Chittagong,
iii. 437, 440 ; Dakshin Shahbazpur,
iv. 96 ; Daulat Khan, iv. 160 ; Dia-
mond Harbour, iv. 284 ; Geonkhalf,
V. 54 ; Godavari, v. 130, 131 ; Hatia,
V. 356 ; Injaram, vii. 18 ; Khulna,
viii. 20S ; Kistna, viii. 232 ; Kumaun,
viii. 355 ; Laccadive Islands, viii. 396 ;
Madras Presidency, ix. 79 ; Madras
city, ix. 104, 113, 114; Masulipatam,
i^- 355-357 ; on the Meghna, ix. 395 ;
Midnapur, ix. 430 ; Naini Tal, x. 178 ;
Noakhali, x. 340, 344, 349 ; Orissa,
X. 463 ; Pabna, x. 519 ; Sagar Island,
xii. no; Salem, xii. 162; Sandwip
Island, xii. 212, 213 ; the Sundarbans,
xiii. Ill, 112; Tanjore, xiii. 193
D
Dabein, tidal creek in Lower Burma, iv.
Dabha, State in Bombay, iv. 76.
Dabha, town in Central Provinces, iv.
76- . .
Dabhoi, town in Bombay, iv. 76.
Dabhol, town and port in Bombay, iv.
76, 77-.
Dabka, village in Baroda, iv. 77.
Dabla, town in Rajputana, iv. 77.
Dabling, village in Bashahr State, Punjab,
j^-.77- .
Dabri, chiefship in Central India, iv. 77.
Dabtura, village in N.-W. Provinces, iv.
77- . . .
Dacca, Division or Commissionership of
Bengal, iv. 77, 78.
Dacca, District of Bengal, iv. 78-S9 ;
physical aspects, 78-80; history, 80-82;
population, 82-84 ! material condition
of the people, 84, 85 ; agriculture, 85,
86; industrial, 86, 87; administration,
87, 88 ; medical aspects, 88, 89.
Dacca, Sub-division of Bengal, iv. 89.
Dacca, city in Bengal, iv. 89-92 ; Dacca
muslins a decaying manufacture, vi.
601.
Da Cunha, Nuno, built first Portuguese
fortress at Diu (1535), iv. 307.
Da Cunha, 'Dr., Antiquities of Bassein,
quoted, ii. 192.
Dadar, town in Baluchistan, iv. 92.
Dadhalya, estate in Bombay, iv. 92, 93.
Dadri, village in N.-W. Provinces, iv. 93.
Dadii, town and taluk in Sind, iv. 93.
Dadu, religious reformer and sacred poet
of Rajputana (i6th century), vi. 344.
Dadu Panthis, the followers of Dadu
found in Jaipur, vii. 53 ; Naraina, their
head-quarters, x. 201 ; Rajputana, xi.
416.
Dae, Mr. Arcy, The Literature of Bengal,
quoted, vi. 347 (and footnote) ; 348,
349 (and footnote) ; 352 (footnote).
Daflapur, town and estate in Bombay, iv.
93. 94-
Daga, creek in Lower Burma, iv. 94.
Da Gama, Vasco. See Vasco da Gama.
Dagshai, hill cantonment in Punjab, iv. 94.
Da-gyaing, river in Lower Burma, iv. 94.
Dahanu, town, port, and Sub-division in
Bombay, iv. 94, 95.
Dahi, State in Central India, iv. 95.
Dahira, petty State in Kathiawar, iv. 95.
Dahya. See Nomadic hill cultivation.
Daingnete, hill tribe in Lower Burma,
iii- 185.
Dain-hat, town in Bengal, iv. 95.
Dai-pai. See Deh-peh.
Dajal, town in Punjab, iv. 95.
Dakditi, or gang-robbery, notices of, in
Amherst, i. 242 ; South Arcot, i. 327 ;
Bakarganj, i. 448 ; Bellia, ii. 20 ;
Bassein, ii. 195, 200 ; Damurdah, iv.
321 ; Etah, iv. 359 ; Gaya, v. 52 ;
Hazaribagh, v. 380 ; Hugh, v. 497 ;
Jessor, vii. 190 ; Midnapur, ix. 432 ;
Murshidabad, x. 30 ; by the Banjaras
on the Nallamalai Hills, x. 186 ;
Noakhali, x. 343 ; Orchha, x. 425 ;
Palkonda Hills, xi. Ii ; Salwin Hill
Tracts, xii. 176.
Dakatia, river of Bengal, iv. 95, 96.
Dakhineswar, village in Bengal, iv. 96.
Dakor, town in Bombay, iv. 96.
Dakshin. See Deccan.
Dakshin Shahbazpur, island and Sub-
division of Bengal, iv. 96, 97.
Dala, suburb of Rangoon, iv. 97.
Dala, creek in Lower Burma, iv. 97.
Dala-nwun, river in Lower Burma, iv. 97.
Dalat, river in Lower Burma, iv. 97.
Daldis, a fishing race of Janjira, who
supply boatmen for Bombay harbour,
vii. 139.
Dalgoma, village in Assam, iv. 97.
Dalhousie, Lord, Governor - General of
India (1848-56), article 'India,' vi.
412-417 ; his administrative reforms,
412 ; inauguration of the Indian rail-
way system and the Public Works
Department, 412 ; second Sikh war
and annexation of the Punjab, 412,
413 ; second Burmese war and an-
nexation of Pegu, 413, 414 ; policy
towards Native States, 414, 415 ;
annexation of Oudh, and justification
of the measure, 415-417 ; scheme of
INDEX.
87
trunk militan' railways, 545. Local
notices — Annexed Pegu, iii. 176, 227 ;
Chini, his favourite hill residence, iii.
418 ; appointed the Hiigli Committee,
V. 483 ; its report on the James and
Mary Sands, \-ii. 125 ; preferred
climate of Kotagiri to Utakamand,
viii. 303 ; had picture of Baillie's
defeat, and Tipu's mausoleum at Seringa-
patam, restored, xii. 320 ; deprived
Wir AH Murad Talpur, of Khairpur, of
certain districts in Shikarpur, for for-
gery, xii. 391 ; allowed the Talpur
Mirs to hve at Haidarabad (Sind), xii.
Dalhousie, town, cantonment, and sani-
tarium in Punjab, iv. 97, 98.
Dalingkot, hill tract in Bengal, iv. 98.
Dalli, estate in Central Provinces, iv. 98,
99-, . .
Dalma, hill in Bengal, iv. 99.
Dalmau, town, tcihsil, and pargand in
Oudh, iv. 99, 100.
Dalmi, ruins in Bengal, iv. 100.
Dalrymple, geographer, his map referred
to on the Tsan-pu river, xiii. 371.
Dalton, Col. E. T., Commissioner of
Chutia Nagpur, iv. 100 ; V\% Ethnology
of Bengal, quoted, vi. 167 (footnote) ;
and quoted or referred to on the Abars,
i. I ; the Ahams, i. 79 ; the Akas,
i. 135 ; the Kalitas, iii. 86 ; the
Bhuiyas, iii. 87 ; the Kurus, iii.
367 ; on the Chutia Nagpur Tributary
States, iii. 462 ; on the caves of
Hathpor, v. 353, 354; the Juangs,
vii. 249-252 ; the Khamtis, viii. 146 ;
the Kols, viii. 254-259 ; on an old
picture dated 1660, viii. 478 ; Kols
and Uraons, viii. 480; the Bhumij Kols,
ix. 280, 281 ; the Miris, ix. 445-450;
the Mishmis, ix. 462 ; ruins at Palma,
xi. 14 ; on the gateways on Ramgarh
Hill, xi. 447 ; the Santals, xii. 237-
246 ; on the history of Singhbhum,
xii. 532-534 ; and the Kols there, xii.
535> 536.
Dalton, Capt., defeated the French at
Trichinopoli, and defended that city,
xiii. 356, 357.
Daltonganj, town in Bengal, iv. 100.
Daltonganj, coal-field in Bengal, iv. lOO.
Dalus, a tribe on the Garo Hills, v. 28.
Dalzell, Col., commanding the 42nd N.
I., which mutinied at Sagar (1857), xii.
103.
Damalcherri, pass in Madras, iv. 100,
lOI.
Daman, tract of upland in the Punjab,
iv. loi.
Daman, Portuguese settlement in Gujarat,
iv. 101-104; physical aspects, I02; agri-
culture, 102; trade, etc., 102, 103;
population, 103 ; administration, 103,
104.
Daman-i-Koh, tract of hill country in
Bengal, iv. 104.
Damant, Mr., Deputy Commissioner,
killed by the Xagas at Khonoma
(i879\,_x. 145. __
Damar Singh, Raja of Etah, rebelled in
1857, and was deprived of his estates,
iv. 360, 367.
Damascened steel work, vi. 607.
Dam-Dama. See Dum-Dum.
Dam-ma-tha, town in Lower Burma, iv.
104.
Damodar, river in Bengal, iv. 105-107.
Damodar coal tract, geology of the, vi.
636-638.
Danioh, District in Central Provinces, iv.
107-114; physical aspects, 107, 108;
histor}-, 108, 109 ; population, 109,
1 10; division into town and country,
lio, III; agriculture, ill, I12;
commerce and trade, 1 12, 113;
medical aspects, 113, 114.
Damoh, town and tahsil in Central
Provinces, iv. 114.
Damsang. See Dalingkot.
Dandis, a sect of Sivaite religious ascetics
and mendicants, vi. 213, 214.
Dangs, The, tract in Bombay, iv. II4-
116.
Dangurli, estate in Central Provinces,
iv. 117.
Danish East India Companies (1612
and 1670) and their Settlements, article
' India,' vi. 372. Local notices —
Calicut, iii. 270 ; Kolachel, viii. 272 ;
Nicobar Islands, x. 297 ; Porto Novo,
xi. 222; .Serampur, xii. 318; Tran-
quebar, xiii. 183, 340, 341.
Danish missionaries, vi. 259, 260. See
Missions.
Dankar, village in Punjab, iv. 117.
Dankaur, town in N.-W. Prov^inces, iv.
"7;,
Dankia, mountain in Sikkim, iv. 117.
Danta, town and State in Gujarat, iv. 118.
Dantewara, village in Bastar State,
Central Provinces, iv. 118.
Dantun, village in Bengal, iv. 118.
Danut - Paya - gyi, pagoda in Lower
Burma, iv. 118.
D'Anville, geographer, believed the Ira-
wadi to be identical with the Tsan-pu,
vii. 19, xiii. 371.
Da-moun, tidal creek in Lower Burma,
iv. 118, 119.
Danyal Mirza, son of Akbar, took
Ahmadnagar (1599), i. 108; made
Governor of Berar (1599), v. 262;
Governor of Khandesh, viii. 152 ;
Governor of the Deccan (1600), and
drank himself to death, x. ^^o.
88
INDEX.
Ddo or axe, Use of, in Assam, i. 362 ;
Darjiling, iv. 134 ; Jainlia Hills, vii.
49; Jalpaiguri, vii. 112; by the
Angami Nagas, x. 148, 150, 152.
Daos, name given to Cacharis, who refuse
to be converted to Hinduism, iii. 231.
Daphla Hills, tract of country bordering
Assam, iv. 1 19, 120.
Daphlas, aboriginal tribe in the mountains
of Assam, i. 353 ; in Lakhimpur, viii.
431-
Dapoli, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, iv. 120, 121.
Dara, brother of Aurungzeb, was defeated
by him at Ajmere (1659), i. 121 ; con-
structed canal at Pasrur, xi. 80 ; w-as
supported by the Rajput chiefs, xi. 405 ;
defeated at Ujjain (1658), xiii. 417.
Daraganj, suburb of Allahabad, N.-W.
Provinces, iv. 12 1.
Darapur, village in Punjab, iv. 122.
Darapur. See Dharapuram.
Darauti, village in Bengal, iv. 122.
Darbelo, town in Sind, iv. 122.
Darbhangah, District in Bengal, iv. 122-
126 ; physical aspects, 122, 123 ; popu-
lation, 123, 124; distribution of people
into town and country, 124, 125 ;
land tenures, 125; administration, 125,
126 ; climate, 126.
Darbhangah, Sub-division in Bengal, iv.
126.
Darbhangah, town in Bengal, iv. 126-128.
Dards, Aryan race of mountaineers in
the Himalaya Mountains, v. 404, 412 ;
and the Hindu Kush, v. 417, 418.
Dareh-bauk,namegiven to northern mouth
of Sahvin river, Lower Burma, iv. 128.
Dareh-byu, creek in Lower Burma, iv.
128.
Darjiling, District in Bengal, iv. 128-
140; physical aspects, 129- 13 1 ; history,
I3i> 132; population, 132-134 ; agri-
culture, 134, 135; tea, 135, 136;
cinchona, etc., 136, 137; manufactures,
trade, etc., 137; mines, 137, 138;
administration, 138, 139 ; medical
aspects, 139, 140.
Darjiling, Sub-division in Bengal, iv. 140.
Darjihng, hill station in Bengal, iv. 140,
141.
Darkuti, hill in Punjab, iv. 141.
Darman, town in Punjab, iv. 141.
Daro, village in Sind, iv. 141.
Darod, petty State in Kathiawar, iv. 141.
Darrang, District in Assam, iv. 141-150 ;
physical aspects, 142, 143 ; history,
143, 144 ; population, 144-146 ; agri-
culture, 146, 147 ; manufactures, etc.,
147, 148 ; administration, 148, 149 ;
medical aspects, 149, 150.
Darrangiri, village in Assam, iv, 150.
Darsenda. See Kumharsin.
Darsi, town, taluk, and estate in Madras,
iv. 150, 151.
Darwa, town and fdliik in Berar, iv. 151.
Darwani, village in Bengal, iv. 151.
Daryabad, town and pargand in Oudh,
iv. 151, 152.
Darya Kheri, State in Central India, iv.
152.
Daryapur, town and tdhik in Berar, iv.
152.
Dasai, town in Central India, iv. 152.
Dasara, State in Kathiawar, iv. 152,
,'53-,
Dasarazupalli, village in Madras, iv. 153.
Daska, town and /(///J-// in Punjab, iv. 153.
Daskroi, Sub-division in Bombay, iv.
153. 154-
Dasna, town in N.-\V. Provinces, iv. 154.
Daspalla, tributary State of Orissa, iv.
154-
Dasuya, town and tahsil in Punjab, iv.
155-
Dasyus, the Aryan name for the non-
Aryans or aborigines, vi. 53.
Dataganj, town and tahsil in N.-W.
Provinces, iv. 155.
Datana,chiefship in Central India, iv. 1515.
Date palms, grown in Baluchistan, ii. 36 ;
Dera Ghazi Khan, iv. 208 ; Faridpur,
iY:.403 ; Jessor, vii. 383, 387 ; Karnal,
viii. 19 ; Khairpur, viii. 136 ; Khisor
Hills, viii. 203 ; Khulna, viii. 205,
207 ; the Konkan, viii. 291 ; Larkhana,
viii. 463 ; Muzaffargarh, x. 57 ; Mysore
District, x. 114; Punjab, xi. 259;
Secunderabad, xii. 302 ; Shorkot, xii.
424 ; Sind, xii. 507, 520 ; Sitpur, xiii.
39; Sukkur, xiii. 91 ; Surat, xiii. 119;
Syamnagar, xiii. 143 ; Thana, xiii.
251 ; Upper Sind Frontier, xiii. 466;
Wardha, xiii. 523. See also Palms
(unspecified).
Datha, State in Kathiawar, iv. 155, 156.
Dathweh-kyauk, river in Lower Burma,
iv. 156.
Dathweh-kyauk, village ih Lower Burma,
iv. 156.
Datia, State in Bundelkhand, iv. 156.
Datia, town in Bundelkhand, iv. 156,
157-
Datiore, seaport in Bombay, iv. 157.
Dattaw, stream in Lower Burma, iv. 157.
Dattigaon, town in Central India, iv. 157.
Datt's Bazar, village in Bengal, iv. 157.
Daiid Khan, last Afghan king of Bengal,
defeated by Mana'im Khan (1575),
V. 36 ; retired into Orissa, and was
killed (1578), x. 430.
Daud Khan, administered the Deccan
under Bahadur Shah, and was killed
in battle (1716), v. 257; blockaded
Madras (1702), ix. 103; took Vellore
from the Marathas (1706), xiii. 467.
INDEX.
8g
Daudnagar, town in Bengal, iv. 157, 158.
Daudpur, village in Bengal, iv. 158.
Daudputras, The, their authority in Upper
Sind, xii. 51 1.
Daudzai. See Doaba Daudzai.
Daulatabad, historic capital in the Deccan,
iv. 1 58- 160.
Daulat Khan, village in Bengal, iv. 160.
Daulatpur, village in Sind, iv. 160.
Dauleswaram. See Dowlaishvaram.
Daundia Khera, pargand in Oudh, iv.
160, 161.
Daiisa, town in Central India, iv. 161.
Davangere, tcihik in Mysore, iv. 161.
Davangere, town in Mysore, iv. 161.
Davasi-Betta, peak in Mysore, iv. 161.
David, Fort St., historic fort in Madras,
iv. 162.
Davids, Prof. Rhys, Btiddhism, quoted,
article ' India,' vi. 137 (footnote) ;
Buddhist Birth Stories, vi. 137 (foot-
note).
Davidson, Alexander, Governor of Madras
(1785-86), ix. 67.
Davies, Sir R. H., fifth Lt. -Governor of
the Punjab, xi. 270 ; on Kunawar,
xii. 500.
Dawa, estate in Central Provinces, iv.
162.
Davver, town in Rajputana, iv. 162.
Dawna, range of mountains in Lower
Burma, iv. 162, 163.
Day, Francis, chief of Settlement at
Armagaon, purchased site of Madras
(1639), and built factory there, ix. 103 ;
his original building, ix. 106 ; founded
the factory at Armagaon (1625'), x. 263.
Day, Dr., on the resemblance of the /'a/a
to the hilsa fish, vii. 14 ; on ruins of
Kodungalur, viii. 240, 241 ; his Fishes
of hidia, ix. 96 ; on Verapoli, xiii.
471, 472. _
Daya, river in Orissa, iv. 163.
Dayang or Doyong, river in Assam, iv.
Day-labourers, their wages given in the
different District articles. See also
Landless day-labourers.
Death-rate and average duration of life
in India, vi. 666, 667 ; death and birth
rates in different Provinces, vi. 667-
679.
Deaths by snake-bite and wild beasts.
See Snake-bite and wild beasts, deaths
by.
Debar, lake in Central India, iv. 163.
Debhata, village in Bengal, iv. 163.
Debi Patan, village in Oudh, iv. 163, 164.
Debt of India and its growth, vi. 469.
Deccan, The, or Southern India, vi. 34-
41 ; its mountain ranges and elevated
table-land, 35, 36 ; mountain passes,
36, 37 ; rivers, 37 ; forests, 38, 40 ;
scenery, 40 ; crops, 40, 41 ; minerals,
41 ; Maratha power in the Deccan,
320, 322, 323, iy. 164, 166.
Deccan Agriculturists' Relief Acts, a rural
insolvency law, vi. 449, 450, xii. 2S0.
Decennial Settlement, The (1789-91),
vi. 393-
Decline and fall of the Muglial Empire
(1707-1857), vi. 312-316 ; chief events,
312, 313 and footnote ; the six puppet
kings, 313 ; independence of the
Deccan and Oudh, 314 ; the Maratha
chaiith, 314 ; invasions of Nadir Shah
the Persian, and Ahmad Shah the
Afghan, 314, 315 ; misery of the Pro-
vinces, 315 ; third battle of Panipat,
315 ; fall of the Empire, 315, 316.
Decline and Fall of the Foman Empire,
quoted, vi. 230 (footnote i); 239 (foot-
note 2).
Decline of the Peshwas (1772- 18 18), vi.
321, 322.
Decorative art in India, vi. 112, 113.
Dedan, State in Kaihiawar, iv. 166.
Dedarda, State in Kathiawar, iv. 166.
Deeg. See Dig.
Deer, Varieties of, article ' India,' vi. 657,
658. Local notices — Mount Abu, i. 6 ;
Ajmere, i. 119; Akola, i. 141; Am-
ritsar, i. 255 ; Anamalai Hills, i. 270 ;
Anantapur, i. 274 ; Andipatti Hills, i.
288 ; Arakan Hill Tracts, i. 299 ;
North Arcot, i. 312; South Arcot,
i. 320 ; Assam, i. 349 ; Banda, ii. 47 ;
Bankura, ii. 79 ; Bannu, ii. 90 ; Bara
Banki, ii. 106 ; Basti, ii. 209 ; Bel-
gaum, ii. 232 ; Bellary, ii. 241 ; Bhan-
dara, ii. 361 ; Bhutan, ii. 414 ; Bogra,
iii. 21 ; Bombay Presidency, iii. 46 ;
Buldana, iii. 143 ; Upper Burma, iii.
212; Cawnpur, iii. 280; Chamba, iii.
329 ; Chhindwara, iii. 399 ; Chitta-
gong, iii. 435 ; Chittagong Hill Tracts,
iii. 448 ; Cochin, iv. 2 ; Coimbatore,
iv. 15 ; Cuddapah, iv. 48 ; Darjiling,
iv. 130 ; Dehra Dun, iv. 169 ; Dhar,
iv. 246 ; Dharwar, iv. 259 ; Dinajpur,
iv. 291 ; Eastern Dwars, iv. 329 ; Giro
Hills, V. 26 ; Godavari, v. 123 ;
Gonda, v. 147 ; Goona, v. 159 ; Gur-
daspur, v. 207 ; Gurgaon, v. 216 ;
Gwalior, v. 229 ; Hardoi, v. 322 ;
Hassan, v. 346 ; Hazaribagh, v. 370 ;
Hill Tipperah, v. 395 ; Himalaya
IMountains, v. 409 ; Hoshiarpur, v.
452 ; Jalpaiguri, vii. 109 ; Jerruck,
vii. 180 ; Jhang, vii. 206 ; Jhansi, vii.
217 ; Kadur, vii. 283 ; Kamrup, vii.
355 ; North Kanara, vii. 370 ; South
Kanara, vii. 377 ; Kangra, vii. 414 ;
Karauli, vii. 471 ; Karnul, viii. 35, 36;
Kashmir, viii. 68 ; Khairpur, viii. 133;
Khandesh, viii. 150 ; Khasi Hills, viii.
9°
INDEX.
173; Kheri, viii. 190; Kistna, viii.
226 ; Kotah, viii. 304 ; Kumaun, viii.
349 ; Lahore, viii. 405 ; Lai<himpur,
viii. 427 ; Lalitpur, viii. 447 ; Lohar-
daga, viii. 477 ; Madras Presidency,
ix. 8, 90 ; Madura, ix. 121 ; Maiman-
singh, ix. 192 ; Malabar, ix. 220 ;
INIallani, ix. 260 ; IMalwa, ix. 268 ;
Manblium, ix. 279 ; Manipur, ix. 325 ;
Melghat, ix. 403 ; Mergui, ix. 407 ;
Mergui Arcliipelago, ix. 412 ; Midna-
pur, ix. 425 ; Mirzapur, ix. 453 ; Mon-
ghyr, ix. 4S1 ; Montgomery, ix. 495 ;
Moradabad, ix. 505 ; Murshidabad, x.
22 ; Muzaffargarli, x. 58 ; Mysore, x.
115; Naga Hills, x. 143; Nallamalai
Hills, X. 185 ; Nasik, x. 228 ; Nellore,
X. 262 ; Nepal, x. 278 ; Nilgiri Hills,
X. 307 ; Nimar, x. 328 ; Noakhali, x.
341 ; Patna, x. 512 ; Palkonda Hills,
xi. II ; Palni Mountains, xi. 17 ;
Peshawar, xi. 146, 147 ; Pilibhit, xi.
172 ; Pishin, xi. 188 ; Polur, xi. 197 ;
Poona, xi. 200 ; Punjab, xi. 259 ;
Raipur, xi. 368 ; Rangpur, xi. 489 ;
Ratnagiri, xii. 4 ; Rawal Pindi, xii. 23;
Rewa Kantha, xii. 49 ; Rohtak, xii.
69 ; Saharanpur, xii. 115 ; Salem, xii.
152 ; Santal Parganas, xii. 227 ; Sa-
tara, xii. 277 ; Sawantwari, xii. 296 ;
Shahabad, xii. 324 ; Shajahanpur, xii.
344 ; Shimoga, xii. 400 ; Sibsagar, xii.
460; Singhbiii'im, xii. 531, 532; Sirohi,
xiii. 3 ; Sirsa, xiii. 10 ; Sitapur, xiii,
30 ; Sultanpur, xiii. 97 ; the Sundar-
bans, xiii. 109, 189 ; Sylhet, xiii. 145;
Tarai, xiii. 20S ; Thayet-myo, xiii.
279 ; Travancore, xiii. 345 ; Twenty-
four Parganas, xiii. 3S9 ; Wardha, xiii.
524 ; Wi'in, xiii. 537. See also Bdra-
singha or Swamp deer. Barking deer.
Mouse deer. Musk deer, Ravine deer,
Sdmbhar, and Spotted deer.
Deesa. See Disa.
Degam, seaport in Bombay, iv. 166, 167.
Degh, river in Punjab, iv. 167.
Dehej, seaport in Bombay, iv. 167.
Dehli. See Delhi.
Deli-peh, lake in Lower Burma, iv. 168.
Dehra, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, iv. 168.
Dehra Dun, District in N.-W. Provinces,
iv. 168-176; physical aspects, 168-170;
history, 170-172; population, 172-174;
agriculture, 174, 175 ; commerce and
. trade, etc., 175 ; administration, 175,
176; medical aspects, 176.
Dehri, town in Bengal, iv. 177.
Dehwars, the cultivating communities of
Khelat, viii. 188.
Deighton, sent by Bengal Government to
cede Tinnevelli to the Dutch for 1000
men, xiii. 309.
Delafosse, Major H. G., narrative of his
escape from Cavvnpur and the fight at
Baksar (1857), i. 451.
Delamotte, Gen., took Manohar (1845),
ix. 338.
Delan Sa, Gond chief, rose in rebellion
in Sagar (1842), xii. 102.
Delia Valle (1623), mentions Honawar as
a Portuguese settlement, v. 440.
Delhi, Division or Commissionership in
Punjab, iv. 177.
Delhi, District in Punjab, iv. 177-185;
physical aspects, 178, 179; history,
179. 180 ; population, 180, 182 ; agri-
culture, 182, 183; commerce and trade,
183, 184; administration, 184, 185;
medical aspects, 185.
Delhi, tahsil vcv Punjab, iv. 185.
Delhi, city in Punjab, iv. 185-197 ;
history, 189 - 195 ; population, 195,
196 ; institutions, public buildings, etc.,
196; communications, trade, 196, 197;
siege and storm of, article ' India,' vi.
421.
Delisle, Lieut., proposed Vehar reservoir
for water-supply of Bombay, xiii. 466.
Delly, hill in Madras, iv. 197.
Del Mar's History of Money in Ancient
Countries, quoted, vi. 163.
Delta of Bengal, vi. 23-28 ; deltaic distri-
butaries, 23 ; combined delta of the
Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Meghna,
24 ; deltaic swamps, 24 ; land-making,
25 ; size of the Bengal delta, 26 ;
deltaic depressions, 26 ; subterranean
structure of the Bengal delta at Cal-
cutta, 26 (footnote) ; alluvial deposits
of the Ganges and Brahmaputra, 26,
27 ; amount of silt deposited at Ghazi-
pur and in the delta, 27, 28 ; age of
the Bengal delta, 28.
Deltaic channel of the Ganges, Section
of, vi. 23.
Demagiri, waterfall in Bengal, iv. 197.
Demon-worship among the Puliyars, i.
270 ; the Arakan hill tribes, i. 301 ; in
Banka, ii. 74 ; Bhagalpur, ii. 347 ;
Coorg, iv. 29; Madura, ix. 127; the
Maldive Islands, ix. 250.
Denaikankotai, town in Madras, iv. 197,
198.
Dengue fever, in N. Arcot, i. 319 ; Ban-
galore, ii. 65 ; Bhagalpur, ii. 351 ;
Salem, xii. 165.
Denison, Sir W., Governor of Madras
(1861-63), ix. 67 ; established Saidapet
model farm, xii. 140.
Density of the Indian population, vi. 46 ;
overcrowded and underpeopled Pro-
vinces, vi. 46, 47 ; population entirely
rural, vi. 46 ; immobility of the rural
population, vi. 47 ; relation of labour
to land, vi. 48, 49 ; unequal pressure of
INDEX,
91
the population on the lanti, vi. 49, 50 ;
increase of population since 1S72, vi.
50. See also the Population section
of each District article.
Denwa, river in Central Provinces, iv.
198.
Denwa, forest in Central Provinces, iv.
19S.
Denwars, tribe living in the valleys of
Nepal, X. 271.
Deo, town in Bengal, iv. 19S.
Deoband, town and tahsilin N.-W. Pro-
vinces, iv. 198, 199.
Deocha, village in Bengal, iv. 199.
Deodamgar, mountain peak in Madras,
^''- ^99-
Deodar, State in Gujarat, iv. 199, 200.
Deodar trees, in the Chaur, iii. 377 ;
Darjiling, iv. 129 ; Dehra Dun, iv. 169 ;
Garhwal, v. 24 ; Himalaya Mountains,
v. 409 ; Mont Jako, vii. 74 ; Jaunsar
Bawar, vii. 160 ; Kangra, vii. 411; Kash-
mir, viii. 71 ; Nalderain Kothi, viii. 311;
Kulu, viii. 336, 337, 338 ; Punjab, xi.
280 ; Seoraj, xii. 316 ; Simla, xii. 491.
Deogaon, town and tahsll \n N.-W. Pro-
vinces, iv. 200.
Deogarh, town in Rajputana, iv. 200.
Deogarh, Sub-division in Bengal, iv. 200,
201.
Deogarh, town in Bengal, iv. 201, 202.
Deogarh. See Devgadh.
Deogarh, village in Central Provinces,
iv. 202, 203.
Deohra. See Deorha.
Deokarn, mutineer leader in Muttra,
taken prisoner (1857), x. 47. "
Deolali, cantonment in Bombay, iv. 203.
Deoli, cantonment in Ajmere-Merwara,
iv. 203.
Deoli, town in Central Provinces, iv. 203,
204.
Deolia, ancient capital of Partabgarh
State, iv. 204.
Deonthal, village in Punjab, iv. 204.
Deonthal, hill in Punjab, iv. 204.
Deoprayag, village in N.-W. Provinces,
iv. 204, 205.
Deora Kot, town in Oudh, iv. 205.
Deorha, village in Punjab, iv. 205.
Deori, estate in Central Provinces, iv.
205.
Deori, town in Central Provinces, iv. 205,
206.
Deoria, tahsll in N.-W. Provinces, iv.
206.
Deori Chutiyas. See Chutiyas.
Deotigarh, mountain range in Assam, iv.
206, 207.
Dera, tahsll m Punjab, iv. 207.
Dera Ghazi Khan, District in Punjab, iv.
207-217 ; physical aspects, 207-210 ;
history, 210-212 ; population, 212-214 ;
agriculture, 214, 215 ; commerce and
trade, etc., 215, 216; administration,
216, 217 ; medical aspects, 217.
Dera Ghazi Khan, tahsll in Punjab, iv,
217.
Dera Ghazi Khan, town in Punjab, iv.
217, 218.
Dera Ismail Khan, District in Punjab,
iv. 218-226 ; physical aspects, 219, 220;
history, 220-222; population, 222,
223 ; agricuUure, 223, 224 ; commerce
and trade, 224, 225 ; administration,
225, 226 ; medical aspects, 226.
Dera Ismail Khan, tahsll in Punjab, iv.
226.
Dera Ismail Khan, town in Punjab, iv.
226-228.
Derajat, Division or Commissionership
in Punjab, iv. 228.
Dera Nanak, town in Punjab, iv. 228,
229.
Derapur, town and tahsll in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, iv. 229.
Derband, village in Punjab, iv. 229.
Derdi Janbai, petty State in Kathiawar,
iv. 229.
Deri Kot. See Ghaibi Dero.
Deri Shahan. See Dheri Shahan.
Dero Mohbat, taluk in Sind, iv. 230.
Deserted river marts and capitals, vi. 30.
Deshmukhs, particularly numerous in
Deolali, iv. 203.
Despat, outlaw, sacked Srinagar (N.-W.
P.) during the Mutiny, xiii. 78.
Deswalis, aboriginal tribe in Maksudan-
garh, ix. 215.
Detanaw, village in Lower Burma, iv. 230.
Deulgaon Raja, town in Berar, iv. 230,
Deulghat, town in Berar, iv. 231.
Devadatta, the Buddhist schismatic,
article 'India,' vi. 140.
Devala, town in Madras, iv. 231.
Devalgaon. See Deulgaon Raja.
Devalia. See Dewalia.
Devanhalli, town and tdhck in Mysore,
iv. 231, 232.
Devarayapalle, village in Madras, iv. 232.
Devaraydurga, fortified hill in Mysore, iv.
232.
Devgadh, Sub-division in Bombay, iv.
232, 233.
Devgadh, seaport in Bombay, iv. 233.
Devi, river in Orissa, iv. 233.
Devikota, town in Madras, iv. 233.
Devikota, historic fort in Madras, iv.
233, 234.
Devjagaon, place of pilgrimage in Bom-
bay, iv, 234,
Devva, town and pargand in Oudh, iv.
234, 235.
Dewala, village in Central Provinces, iv.
235-
92
INDEX.
Dewalgaon, village in Central Provinces,
iv. 235.
Dewalghat. See Deulghat.
Dewalia, State in Kathiawar, iv. 235.
Dewalwara, village in Central Provinces,
iv. 235, 236.
Dewalwara, village in Berar, iv. 236.
Dewas, town and State in Central India,
iv. 236, 237.
Dhabien. See Dabien.
Dhabla Dhir, chiefship in Central India,
iv. 237.
Dhabla Ghosi, chiefship in Central India,
iv. 237.
Dhadhar, river in W. India, iv. 237, 238.
Dhaka. See Dacca.
Dhak trees, in Alamnagar, i. 163 ; Allah-
abad, i. 190; Ambala, i. 215; Amrit-
sar, i. 255 ; Azamgarh, i. 392 ; Bhagal-
pur, ii. 344 ; Bijnaur, ii. 428 ; Budaun,
iii. 116; Bulandshahr, iii. 132; Cawn-
pur, iii. 280 ; Etawah, iv. 370 ; Indore,
vii. 2; Jaunpur, vii. 151 ; Jhansi, vii.
217 ; Karauli, vii. 471 ; Ludhiana, viii.
519; Mainpuri, ix. 202; Muzaffargarh,
X. 57; Muzaffarnagar, x. 67; N.-W.
Provinces, x. 380, 381 ; Punjab, xi.
281 ; Rai Bareli, xi. 353 ; Sadabad,
xii. 90 ; Shahjahanpur, xii. 343, 344 ;
• Shahpur, xii. 360 ; Sitapur, xiii. 30 ;
Sultanpur, xiii. 97.
Dhakars, illegitimate descendants of
Brahmans in Bastar, ii. 205.
Dhalandhar, village in Bengal, iv. 238.
Dhaldighi, village in Bengal, iv. 238.
Dhaleswari, name of several rivers in
E. Bengal and Assam, iv. 238.
Dhalet, river in Lower Burma, iv. 238.
Dhalkisor, river of W. Bengal, iv. 238,
239-
Dhamda, town in Central Provmces, iv.
239-
Dhami, Hill State in Punjab, iv. 239.
Dhamis, sect who read the Kuran with
Hindu observances, in the Central Pro-
vinces, iii. 316.
Dham-ma-tha. See Dam-ma-tha.
Dhamoni, village in Central Provinces,
iv. 239, 240.
Dhampur, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, iv. 240, 241.
Dhamra, river and estuary in Bengal, iv.
241.
Dhamra, port in Bengal, iv. 241, 242.
Dhamsia, estate in Gujarat, iv. 242.
Dhamtari, town and tahsil in Central
Provinces, iv. 242.
Dhana, village in Central Provinces, iv.
242.
Dhanaudah. Sec Dharnaoda.
Dhanaura, town in N.-W. Provinces, iv.
243> 244.
Dhanauti, river in Bengal, iv. 243.
Dhandhuka, town and Sub-division in
Bombay, iv. 243, 244.
Dhaneswari, river in Assam, iv. 244.
Dhangain, pass in Bengal, iv. 244.
Dhangaon, chiefship in Central India, iv,
244.
Dhangars, semi-Hinduized tribe of Ben-
gal and Chutia Nagpur, their numbers
in 1872, vi. 71 (footnote i). See
JNIaldah, ix. 243 ; Matheran, ix. 364.
Dhanikhola, town in Bengal, iv. 244.
Dhanori, village in Central Provinces, iv.
244-. .
Dhansiri. See Dhaneswari.
Dhanu, river in Bengal, iv. 244.
Dhani'ir, lake in Punjab, iv. 244, 245.
Dhaniit Bhura-gyi. See Danut-Paya-gyi.
Dhaola Dhar, mountain chain in Punjab,
iv. 245. ^
Dhapewara, town in Central Provinces,
iv. 245.
Dhar, State in Central India, iv. 245-
248 ; physical aspects, 246 ; history,
246-248.
Dharakot, estate in Madras, iv. 248.
Dharamkota. See Amravati.
Dharampur, town and State in Bombay,
iv. 248, 249.
Dharampuri, town and pargana in Central
India, iv. 249, 250.
Dharangaon, town in Bombay, iv. 250.
Dharapuram, taluk in Madras, iv. 250,
Dharapuram, town in Madras, iv. 251,
2C2.
Dhari, State in Bombay, iv. 252.
Diiarla, river of Bengal, iv. 252.
Dharma, tract in N.-W. Provinces, iv.
252. ^
Dliarmanpur, pargana in Oudh, iv. 252,
253-
Dharmapatam, river in Madras, iv. 253.
Dharmapatam, town in Madras, iv. 253.
Dharmapuri, town and taluk in Madras,
iv. 253, 254.
Dharmavaram, town and taliik in Madras,
iv. 254.
Dharmkot, town in Punjab, iv. 254, 255.
Dharmpur, village in Oudh, iv. 255.
Dharmsala, hill station and cantonment
in Punjab, iv. 255-
Dharnaoda, chiefship in Central India,
iv. 255, 256.
Dharupur, village in Oudh, iv. 256.
Dharwar, District in Bombay, iv. 256-
266 ; physical aspects, 256-259 ; wild
animals, 259; history, 259; population,
259-262 ; agriculture, 262, 263 ; natural
calamities, 263 ; trade, 263, 264 ; ad-
ministration, 264, 265; medical aspects,
265, 266.
Dharwar, Sub-division in Bombay, iv.
266.
INDEX.
93
Dliarwar, town in Bombay, 266, 267.
Dhasan, river of Central India, iv. 267,
268.
Dhaulagiri, mountain in Nepal, iv. 268.
Dhauleshvaram. See Dowlaishvaram.
Dhaurahra, town and pai-gand in Oudh,
iv. 268.
Dhaurahra, town in Oudh, iv. 268, 269.
Dhaura-Kunjura, chiefship in Central
India, iv. 269.
Dhenkanal, tributary State in Orissa, iv.
269.
Dheri Shahan, village in Punjab, iv. 269,
270.
Dhers. See Mhars.
Dhi-Dharamrai, chiefship in Central
India, iv. 270.
Dhoba, peak in Madras, iv. 270.
Dhoba-khal, village in Assam, iv. 270.
Dhodar AH, road in Assam, iv. 270,
271.
Dhola, State in Kathiawar, iv. 271.
Dholarwa, State in Bombay, iv. 271.
Dholbaja, village in Bengal, iv. 271.
Dholera, seaport in Bombay, iv. 271.
Dholka, Sub-division in Bombay, iv. 271,
272.
Dholpur, State in Rajputana, iv. 272-277;
physical aspects, 273, 274 ; popula-
tion, 274, 275 ; administration, 275,
276; history, 276, 277.
Dholpur, capital of State in Rajputana,
iv. 277, 278.
Dhol Samudra, marsh in Bengal, iv. 278.
Dhonegaon, town in Berar, iv. 278.
Dhoraji, town in Bombay, iv. 278.
Dhotria-Baisola, chiefship in " Central
India, iv. 278.
Dhrafa, State in Bombay, iv. 278.
Dhrangadra, State in Bombay, iv. 27S,
279-
Dhrangadra, town in Bombay, iv. 279.
Dhrol, State in Bombay, iv. 279, 280.
Dhrol, town in Kathiawar, iv. 280.
Dhubri, town and Sub-division in Assam,
iv. 280.
Dhude. See Dang States.
Dhulapra, reservoir in N.-W. Provinces,
iv. 280.
Dhulatia, chiefship in Central India, iv,
280.
Dhulia, Sub-division in Bombay, iv. 280,
281.
Dhulia, town in Bombay, iv. 281-283.
Dhulian, village in Bengal, iv. 283.
Dhulipnagar. See Edwardesabad.
Dhulip Singh, Maharaja, terms of his
abdication (1849), xi. 266, 267.
Dhuma, village in Central Provinces,
iv. 283.
Dhums, class of only lately emancipated
slaves in Dhera Dun, iv. 173 ; menial
class in Garhwal, v. 19, 20.
Dhunds, important Muhammadan tribe in
Hazara, v. 363, 364,
Dhundia Wagh, caught by General
Wellesley at Manoli, ix. 338.
Dhurwai, State in Bundelkhand, iv.
283.
Dhusan. See Parwan.
Diamond Harbour, Sub-division in Ben-
gal, iv. 283, 284.
Diamond Harbour, port in Bengal, iv.
284.
Diamond Harbour Canal, Bengal, iv. 284.
Diamond Island, in Lower Burma, iv.
284, 285.
Diamonds, article ' India,' vi. 41, 628,
629. Local notices — Anantapur, i. 274;
Banaganapalli, ii. 43, 44 ; Bijawar, ii.
425 ; Bundelkhand, iii. 152 ; Central
India, iii. 295 ; Chanda, iii. 349 ;
Cuddapah, iv. 48; Gangpur, iv. 47S ;
Karnul, viii. 34, 41 ; Kistna, viii.
226; Madras, ix. 6; Nallamalai Hills,
X. 185; JMandigama, x. 192; Nandi-
kanama, x. 193; Panna, xi. 48-50;
Sambalpur, xii. 179 ; Upper Vindhyan
Mountains, xiii. 475 ; Wairagarh, xiii.
.513-
Dibai, town in N.-W. Provinces, iv. 285.
Dibru, river in Assam, iv. 285.
Dibrugarh, Sub-division in Assam, iv.
285:
Dibrugarh, town in Assam, iv. 2S5, 286.
Dickens, Colonel, proposed the Son sys-
tem of canals (1855), ^ii- 325> xiii- 54-
Dickinson, Henry, acting Governor of
Madras (1848), ix. 67.
Dictionaiy of Hindu Mythology, by
Professor Dowson, quoted, vi. 180
(footnote 4); 184 (footnote i).
Diddaur, town in Oudh, iv, 286.
Dig, town in Central India, iv. 286 ;
battle of, and defeat of Holkar, vi. 323.
Digbijaiganj, tahsil in Oudh, iv. 286, 2S7.
Digbijai Singh, Raja of Balrampur, kept
Mr, Wingfield safely in his fort during
the Mutiny, v. 149, 150.
Diggi, town in Central India, iv. 287,
Dighori, village in Central Provinces,
iv. 287.
Dignagar, village in Bengal, iv. 287.
Digras, town in Berar, iv. 2S7.
Digru, river of Assam, iv. 2S7.
Dih, town z.ViA pargand in Oudh, iv. 287,
288.
Dihang, river of Assam, iv. 2S8.
Dihing, name of two rivers of Assam, iv.
288.
Diji, fort in Bombay, iv. 2S8.
Dikthan, town in Central India, iv. 2S8,
289.^
Dilawar, fort in Punjab, iv. 289.
Dilayaks, their history in Peshawar Dis-
trict, xi. 148, 149.
94
INDEX.
Diluvion. See Alluvion and diluvion.
Dilwara, town in Rajputana, iv. 289.
Dimapur, village in Assam, iv. 289, 290.
Diminution of population in Madras and
Mysore, vi. 50.
Dina Bandu Mitra, dramatic poet, and
author of the Nil Darpan, vi. 354.
Dinajpur, District in Bengal, iv. 290-298;
physical aspects, 290, 291 ; history,
291; population, 291-294; agriculture,
294, 295; manufactures, 295; admini-
stration, 296, 297; medical aspects,
297, 298.
Dinajpur, town in Bengal, iv. 298, 299.
Dina Krishna Das, Uriya poet of the
l6th century, vi. 343.
Dinanagar, town in Punjab, iv. 299.
Dinapur, Sub-division in Bengal, iv. 299.
Dinapur, cantonment in Bengal, iv. 299,
300.
Dindigal, taluk in Madras, iv. 300, 301.
Dindigal, town in Madras, iv. 301, 302.
Dindivaram, tdhik in Madras, iv. 302.
Dindori, Sub-division in Bombay, iv. 302.
Dindori, town in Bombay, iv. 302, 303.
Dingarh Kiner, village in Punjab, iv. 303.
Dingi, fort in Bombay, iv. 303.
Dingier, mountains in Assam, iv. 303.
Dinkar Rao, Sindia's dhvdn, granted the
jdgir of Dasai by that chief, iv. 153 ;
had to fly with Sindia to Agra in
1858, when the Gwalior troops re-
volted, v. 233.
Diodar. See Deodar.
Diodorus says that Herakles founded
Pataliputra, now Patna, xi. 106; his
mention of Mount Aornos, xi. 506 ;
Sangala, xii. 214.
Dipalpur, tahsil in Punjab, iv. 303.
Dipalpur, historic town in Punjab, iv.
303> 304-
Dipalpur, town in Central India, iv. 304.
Dipla, town and taluk in Bombay, iv. 304.
Dirapur. See Derapur.
Disa, town in Bombay, iv. 304, 305.
Disaun. See Dhasan.
Diseases, Endemic and epidemic. See
Special section on Medical aspects under
each Province and District, and also
Cholera, Fever, Smallpox.
Disoi, river in Assam, iv. 305.
Distillation of country spirits, vi. 454.
Distilleries, Principal, at Aurangabad
(Bengal), i. 386 ; Badnur, i. 410 ;
Aska in Ganjam, v. 8 ; Haidarabad
(Sind), V. 284 ; Howrah, v. 465 ;
Ki>henganj, viii. 224 ; Mora, ix. 503 ;
Nosari, x. 405 ; Palmaner, xi. 15 ; the
Rosa, near Shahjahanpur, xii. 353 ;
the Albion at Sibpur, xii. 458 ; Siral-
koppa, xii. 551 ; Tando Lukman, xiii.
177 ; in Thana, xiii. 257 ; Uran, xiii.
450.
Distribution of Indian trade with foreign
countries, vi. 565-580.
District officer. Duties of, vi. 436.
Districts, Number of, in India, their vary-
ing size and population, vi. 436, 437.
Districts in British India, Agra, i. 60-
68; Ahmadabad, i. 82-93; Ahmad-
nagar, i. 98-107; Ajmere- Merwara,
i. 117 -131; Akola, i. 140-146;
Akyab, i. 148-158; Aligarh, i. 167-
177 ; Allahabad, i. 183-194 ; Ambala,
i. 213-224; Amherst, i. 232-243;
Amraoti, i. 245-250 ; Amritsar, i. 254-
263 ; Anantapur, i. 273-279 ; Arakan
Hill Tracts, i. 298-304 ; North Arcot,
i. 311-319; South Arcot, i. 319-328;
Azamgarh, i. 391-401 ; Bahraich, i.
425-433; Bakarganj, i. 439-449;
Balaghat, i. 452-457 ; Balasor, ii. l-io;
Ballia, ii. 18-23 ; Banda, ii. 45-55 ;
Bankura, ii. 78-S7 ; Bannu, ii. 87-97 >
Bara Banki, ii. 105-114 ; Bardwan, ii.
125-136 ; Bareilly, ii. 137-145 ; Basim,
ii. 183-188; Bassein, ii. 192 - 201 ;
Basti, ii. 20S-214; Belgaum, ii. 230-
238 ; Bellary, ii. 240-250 ; Benares,
ii. 254-262; Betul, ii. 328-333; Bhagal-
pur, ii. 342-352 ; Bhandara, ii. 360-
367 ; Bijnaur, ii. 427-435 ; Bilaspur,
ii. 444-453 ; Birbhum, iii. i-ii ; Bogra,
iii. 24-32; Broach, iii. loi-iii;
Budaun, iii. 115-124; Bulandshahr,
iii. 1 30- 141 ; Buldana, iii. 142- 148 ;
Cachar, iii. 230-239 ; Cawnpur, iii.
279 - 289 ; Champaran, iii. 334-344;
Chanda, iii. 348-355 ; Chengalpat, iii.
380-383 ; Chhindwara, iii. 398-405 ;
Chittagong, iii. 433-443 ; Chittagong
Hill Tracts, iii. 446-453 ; Coimbatore,
iv. 14-21; Cuddapah, iv. 47-55;
Cuttack, iv. 64-75 '■> Dacca, iv. 78-89 ;
Damoh, iv. 107-114; Darbhangah, iv.
122 - 126 ; Darjiling, iv. 128 - 140 ;
Darrang, iv. 141-150; Dehra Dun, iv.
168-176; Delhi, iv. 177-185; Dera
Ghazi Khan, iv. 207-217 ; Dera Ismail
Khan, iv. 218-226 ; Dharwar, iv. 256-
266 ; Dinajpur, iv. 290-298 ; Ellichpur,
iv. 344-347; Etah, iv. 357-366; Etawah,
iv. 367-377 ; Faizabad, iv. 381-388 ;
Faridpur, iv. 393-407; Farukhabad,
iv. 409-417 ; Fatehpur, iv. 422-430 ;
Firozpur, iv. 438-447; Ganjam, v.
1-8; Garhwal, v. 16-23; Garo Hills,
v. 24-32 ; Gaya, v. 43-52 ; Ghazipur, v.
61-70; Goalpara, v. 111-120; God-
avari, v. 122- 131 ; Gonda, v. 145-
154 ; Gorakhpur, v. 164-172 ; Gujran-
wala, V. 179-187 ; Gujrat, v. 188-195 5
Gurdaspur, v. 205-213 ; Gurgaon, v.
214-223 ; Haidarabad (Sind), v. 274-
285 ; Hamirpur, v. 297-305 ; Hantha-
wadi, V. 311-318; Hardoi, V. 321-329;
INDEX.
95
Hazara, v. 359-368 ; Hazaribatjb, v.
368-3S0; Henzada, v. 3S3-390; Hissar,
V. 425-433 ; Hoshangabad, v. 441-449 ;
Hoshiarpur, v. 450-458 ; Howrah, v.
461-464; Hugli, V. 4S9-498 ; Jabalpur,
vii. 29-36; Jalandhar, vii. 83-90;
Jalaun, vii. 93-102; Jalpaiguri, vii.
107 -117; Jaunpur, vii. 149-159;
Jehlam, vii. 166-177 ; Jessor, vii. 183-
191 ; J hang, vii. 205-212 ; Jhansi, vii.
215-227 ; Kaira, vii. 298-307 ; Kaladgi,
vii. 314-320 ; Kamrup, vii. 354-366 ;
North Kanara, vii. 368-375 ; South
Kanara, vii. 375 - 384 ; Kangra,
vii. 40S - 427 ; Karachi, vii. 443-
451; Karnal, viii. 18-27; Karnul,
viii. 32-45; Khandesh, viii. 149-
159 ; Khasi and Jaintia Hills, viii.
169-180; Kheri, viii. 189-198; Khulna,
viii. 205-209 ; Kistna, viii. 225-234 ;
Kohat, viii. 242-249; Kolaba, viii.
260-271; Kumaun, viii. 347-358;
Kyauk-pyu, viii. 384-3S9 ; Lahore, viii.
402-414 ; Lakhimpur, viii. 425-438 ;
Lalitpur, viii. 446 - 457 ; Lohardaga,
viii. 475-486 ; Lucknow, viii. 492-502 ;
Ludhiana, viii. 518-525 ; Madura, ix.
1 19-132; Maimansingh, ix. 190-201 ;
Mainpuri, ix. 202-212 ; Malaliar, ix.
216-235 ; Maldah, ix. 240-248 ; Man-
bhum, ix. 277-286 ; Mandia, ix. 299-
307 ; Meerut, ix. 381-392 ; Mergui,
ix. 406-411 ; Midnapur, ix. 423-433 ;
Mirzapur, ix. 452-461 ; Monghyr, ix.
47S-4S9 ; Montgomety, ix. 492-502 ;
Moradabad, ix. 504-512 ; IMultan, x.
2-10; Murshidabad, x. 20-31 ; ■Muttra,
X. 43-52; Muzaffargarh, x. 54-64;
Muzaffarnagar, x. 66-76 ; Muzaffarpur,
X- 77-83 ; Nadiya, x. 128-141 ; Naga
Hills, X. 143-154; Nakpur, x. 163-
174; Narsinghpur, x. 216-224; Nasik,
X. 228-235; Nellore, x. 260-271;
Nilgiri Hills, x. 302-325 ; Nimar, x.
327-335 ; Noakhali, x. 33^-352 ; Now-
gong, X. 405-415 ; Pabna, x. 511-520 ;
Panch Mahals, xi. 2S-34 ; Partabgarh,
xi. 68-74; Patna, xi. 93-106; Peshawar,
xi. 144-157 ; Pilibhit, xi. 170-178 ;
Poena, xi. 200-210 ; Prome, xi. 225-
235 ; Puri, xi. 299-309 ; Purniah, xi.
321-3314 Rai Bareli, xi. 351-359;
Kaipur, xi. 366-376 ; Raj-^hahi, xi. 427-
439; Rangoon, xi. 471-481 ; Rangpur,
xi. 488-501; Ratnagiri, xii. 2-12:
Rawal Pindi, xii. 18-35 ! Rohtak, xii.
68-76 ; Sagar, xii. 100-107 ; Saharan-
pur, xii. 1 1 3- 1 24; Salem, xii. 150-165 ;
Salwin Hill Tracts, xii. 174-176;
Sambalpur, xii. 177-185 ; Sandoway,
xii. 198-205 ; Santal Parganas, xii.
226-236 ; Saran, xii. 251-259 ; Satara,
xii. 275-284; Seoni, xii. 30S-314;
Shahabad, xii. 322-333 ; Shahjahanpur,
xii. 342-355 ; iihahpur, xii. 357-367 ;
Shikarpur, xii. 3S5 - 394 ; Sholapur,
xii. 411-420 ; Shwe-gyin, xii. 428-434;
Sialkot, xii. 439-450 ; Sibi, xii. 453-
458 ; Sibsagar, xii. 459-472 ; Simla,
xii. 490-495 ; Singhbhum, xii. 529-
541 ; Sirsa, xiii. 8- 19; Sitapur, xiii.
29-37 ; Sultanpur, xiii. 95-103 ; the
Sundarbans, xiii. 107- 1 14 ; Sutat, xiii.
I18-132 ; Sylhet, xiii. 143-157; Tan-
jore, xiii. 180-194 ; Tarai, xiii. 207-
211 ; Taung-ngu, xiii. 220-226 ; Tavoy,
xiii. 227-234 ; Thana, xiii. 249-258 ;
Thar and Parkar, xiii. 261-271 ; Thara-
wadi, xiii. 271-274 ; Thayet-myo, xiii,
276-287 ; Thon-gwa, xiii. 288 - 292 ;
Tinnevelli, xiii. 297-311 ; Tipperah,
xiii. 312-321 ; Trichinopoli, xiii. 354-
363 ; Twenty-four Parganas, xiii. 387-
399 ; Unao, xiii. 426-436 ; Upper Sind
Frontier, xiii. 438-449 ; Vizagapatam,
xiii. 482-497 ; Wardha, xiii. 522-529 ;
Wun, xiii. 538-546.
Districts in Mysore, treated in the same
manner as the British Districts, Banga-
lore, ii. 59-66 ; Chitaldriig. iii. 422-428 ;
Hassan, v. 345-351 ; Kadur, vii. 282-
288 ; Kolar, viii. 272-278 ; Mysore, x.
113- 122; Shimoga, xii. 399-406;
Tumki'ir, xiii. 375-381.
Diu, island belonging to Portugal in
Western India, iv. 305-308 ; its physical
aspects, 305, 306; administration, 306;
architecture, 307 ; history, 307, 308.
Divi Point, headland in Madras, iv. 308.
Divisions or Commissionerships, Agra,
i. 59, 60 ; Allahabad, i. 182, 183 ;
Ambala, i. 213 ; Amritsar, i. 253, 254;
Arakan, i. 297, 298 ; Bardwan, ii. 125;
Benares, ii. 253, 254 ; Bhagalpur, ii.
341-343 ; Chhatisgarh, iii. 396, 397 ;
Chitlagong, iii. 432, 433 ; Chutia
Nagpur, iii. 461 ; Dacca, iv. 77, 78 ;
Delhi, iv. 177 ; Derajat, iv. 228 ;
Faizabad, iv. 380 ; Hissar, v. 425 ;
Jabalpur, vii. 29 ; Jalandhar, vii. 82,
83 ; Jhansi, vii. 214, 215 ; Kumaun,
viii. 346, 347 ; Lahore, viii. 402 ;
Lucknow, viii. 490-492 ; Meerut, ix.
3S0, 381 ; Multan, x. i ; Nagpur, x.
162, 163; Narbada, x. 205-207;
Orissa, x. 426-468 ; Patna, xi. 90-93 ;
Pegu, xi. 124, 125 ; Peshawar, xi.
141-144 ; Rai Bareli, xi. 348-351;
Rajshahi, xi. 424.-427 ; Rawal Pindi,
xii. 15-18 ; Rohilkhand, xii. 60-63 i
Sitapur, xiii. 27-29 ; Tenasserim, xiii.
238, 239.
Diwala. See Dewala.
Diwalgaon. See Dewalgaon.
Diwalgaon Raja. See Deulgaon Raja.
Diwalghat. See Deulghat.
96
INDEX.
Diwalia. See Dewalia.
Diwalwara. See Devvalwara.
Diwangin, village in Assam, iv. 30S.
Dhi'dni or financial administration of
Bengal, granted to the East India
Company (1765), vi. 387.
Diwas. See Dewas.
Dixon, Col. , his administration of Ajmere-
Mervvara, i. 118, 122; founded Bea. war,
ii. 222 ; made first regular Settlement
of Merwara (1851), ix. 417.
Diying, river in Assam, iv. 308, 309.
Dnyanoba, Maratha poet of the 13th
century, vi. 346.
Doab, tract in N.-W. Provinces, iv. 309,
310.
Doaba Daudzai, tahsilm Punjab, iv. 310.
Doanniyas, mongrel race in Assam,
descended from the Singphos and
their female slaves, xii. 542.
Dobbili. See Bobbili.
Dobhi, village in Central Provinces, iv.
310.
Docks and dockyards, at Dala, iv. 97 ;
Daman, iv. 102 ; Howrah, v. 465 ;
Kidderpur, viii. 216 ; Kolaba, viii.
271 ; Mazagon, ix. 379 ; Rangoon,
xi. 483 ; Salkhia, xii. 167.
Doctors, Native, and their remedies,
Allahabad, i. 194 ; Ambala, i. 224 ;
South Arcot, i. 328 ; Cochin, iv. 10 ;
South Kanara, vii. 384 ; Khairpur,
viii. 137 ; Kurauli (oculists), viii. 371 ;
Mohan, ix. 471.
Doctrines of Buddha, vi. 141, 142 ; moral
code and missionary aspects of Bud-
dhism, vi. 143.
Dodabetta, peak in Madras, iv. 310.
Dod-baliapur, town and taluk in Mysore,
iv. 310, 311.
Dodda Vira Rajendra. See Vira Rajendra.
Dodderi, town and tdliik in Mysore, iv.
311-
Dodka, State in Bombay, iv. 311.
Dogars of Mamdot, The, their history,
ix. 273.
Dogras, race of mountaineers on the
Himalaya Mountains, v. 412.
Dogs of India, article ' India,' vi. 654.
Local notices — Afghanistan, i. 39 ;
Chini, iii. 417, 418 ; Garo Hills, v.
31 ; Madura, ix. 121 ; Nepal, x. 278 ;
Rampur, xi. 455.
Dogs, Wild, article 'India,' vi. 654.
Local notices — South Arcot, i. 320 ;
Baluchistan, ii. 36; Chhindvvara, iii. 399;
Garo Hills, v. 26 ; Gwalior, v. 229 ;
Hazaribagh, v. 370 ; Hindu Rush, v.
419; Jerruck, vii. 180 ; Jhansi, vii. 217 ;
North Kanara, vii. 370 ; Kotah, viii.
304 ; Lohardaga, viii. 477 ; Madras,
ix. 89 ; Madura, ix. 121 ; Palni
Mountains, xi. 17 ; Ratnagiri, xii. 4.
Dohad, town and Sub-division in Bombay,
iv. 311, 312.
Doharighat, town in N.-W. Provinces,
iv. 312.
Dolmens. See Stone monuments.
Dolphin, The, article ' India,' vi. 661,
662. Local notices — Upper Burma,
iii. 212 ; Darbhangah, iv. 123 ; Etawah,
iv. 370 ; Gonda, v. 147 ; the Indus,
vii. 14 ; Monghyr, ix. 481 ; Rangpur,
xi. 490 ; Sitapur, xiii. 30.
Dolphin's Nose, promontory in Madras,
iv. 312-
Domariaganj, tashil m N.-W. Provinces,
iv. 312, 313.
Domel, island in Burma, iv. 313.
Domeli, town in Punjab, iv. 313.
Dommasundra, tdliik in Mysore, iv. 313.
Dommeras, wandering thief caste in N.
Arcot, i. 315 ; Nellore, x. 266.
Doms, great low caste, formerly pagoda
slaves in Akyab, i. 155 ; pretend to
purity of blood in Assam, i. 355, 356 ;
numerous in Bankura, ii. 81 ; dakdits
in Gaya, v. 52 ; numerous in Gonda,
V. 151 ; Kamrup, vii. 359; Nowgong,
X. 409 ; Saran, xii. 257 ; Sibsagar, xii.
464.
Donabyu, township in Lower Burma, iv.
Donabyu, town in Lower Burma, iv. 313.
Dondi Lohara, estate in Central Pro-
vinces, iv. 313.
Dongargaon, mart in Central Provinces,
vi. 596.
Dongargarh, town in Central Provinces,
IV.
JI4.
Dongarpur. See Dungarpur.
Dongartal, village in Central Provinces,
iv. 314.
Doranda, cantonment in Bengal, iv. 314.
Dorka, chiefship in Bombay, iv. 314.
Dornal Ghat, pass in Madras, iv. 314.
Dosa, town in Rajputana, iv. 314, 315.
Dosadhs, village watchmen, numerous
in Ballia, ii. 20 ; Behar, ii. 296 ; a
criminal class in Gaya, v. 46, 52 ; in
Hazaribagh, v. 373 ; Lohardaga, viii.
480 ; Saran, xii. 257.
Dost All, Nawab of the Karnatic, killed
(1740), iv. loi ; granted Vellore to his
son-in-law (1710), xiii. 467, 46S.
Dost Muhammad, founder of the Bhopal
dynasty, ii. 403 ; seized Hoshangabad
(1720), v. 443.
Dost Muhammad, Amir of Afghanistan,
his history, i. 49-51; took Attock
(1848), but had to surrender it to the
Sikhs, i. 51 ; took Herat (1863), i- 5I>
V. 393 ; sacked Jalalabad, vii. 76 ;
defeated the Sikhs at Jamrud (1851),
vii. 133 ; made Kabul his capital, vii.
271 ; took Kandahar (1855), vii. 394 ;
INDEX.
97
kept in fort of Karnal as State prisoner
(1840), viii. 28.
Double Island, in Burma, iv. 315.
Doulatabad. See Krishnagiri.
Doung-gyi, town in Burma, iv. 315.
Doveton, Gen. Sir John, encamped at
Mehkar on his march against Apa
Sahib (1817), ix. 399.
Dow, Col., History of Hindztstan, quoted,
on Ala-ud-din's visit to Ellora, iv. 349.
Dowlaishvaram, town in Madras, iv.
315, 316.
Dowlatabad. See Daulatabad.
Dowson, Professor, Dictioyiary of Hindu
Mythology, quoted, article ' India,' vi.
180 (footnote 4) ; 184 (footnote i).
Doyang. See Dayang.
Drama, The Indian, article ' India,' vi.
125-127; 354.
Draper, EHza, Sterne's friend, lived at
Anjengo, i. 292 ; her ' tree ' at Masuli-
patam washed away (1864), ix. 352.
Draupadi, the wife of the five Pandava
brethren in the IMahabharata, article
' India,' vi. 195.
Dravida, Di\-ision of the Indian Penin-
sula, iv. 316.
Dravidians, The, aboriginal race of
Southern India, their languages, article
' India,' vi. 64-68 ; place of languages
in philolog)', 327, 328 ; in Sanskrit
literature, 328 ; pre-Ar)'an civilisation,
328 ; art, 328, 329 ; Brahmanical in-
fluence on, 329, 330 ; development into
vernacular literatures, 330 ; Tamil, the
oldest and the most influential verna-
cular of Southern India, 330 ; Jain
cycle of Tamil literature, earliest
Tamil poets, 331 ; Tamil hymnology,
332 ; modern Tamil writers, Beschi,
the Italian Jesuit and Tamil scholar,
333 ; recent statistics of Tamil litera-
ture, m.
Dress, of the Kamis, i. 300 ; of the
Brahuis and Baluchis, ii. 39 ; of the
Gadwa women, ii. 205 ; of the Bhils,
ii. 389, 390; of the Bhutias, ii. 413 ;
of the Brahuis, iii. 99, 100 ; of the
Salones, iii. 185 ; of the Gonds, iii.
308 ; of the Coorgs, iv. 34, 35 ; of the
Daphlas, iv. 120; of the Garos, v. 28;
in Jalpaiguri, vii. 113 ; of the Juangs,
\-ii. 251, 252 ; in Kamrup, vii. 361 ;
of the Kangra tribes, vii. 420 ; of the
Khamtis, viii. 145 ; of the Kurumbas,
viii. 376, X. 311, 312 ; of the Ladakhis,
viii. 398 ; of the Lushais, viii. 530 ;
of the Miris, ix. 447, 448 ; of the
Mishmis, ix. 462 ; of the Angami
Nagas, X. 148 ; of the Kukis, x. 150 ;
of the Naikdas, x. 176, 177 ; of the
Todas, X. 309, 310 ; of the Badagas,
X. 310, 311 ; of the Irulas, x. 312 ;
VOL. XIV.
of the Botwas, x. 525 ; of the Peshawar
Pathans, xi. 153 ; in Rawal Pindi, xii.
28, 29 ; of the Rewa Kantha Bhils,
xii. 51, 52 ; in Sagar, xii. 104 ; of the
Santals, xii. 245 ; in Sialkot, xii. 445,
446 ; in Sirmur, xii. 555 ; in Sylhet,
xiii. 151 ; of the Bassein Christians in
Thana, xiii. 253 ; of the Baluchi tribes
on the Upper Sind Frontier, xiii. 441 ;
of the Banjara women in Wiin, xiii.
541.
Dre«', Mr., on the southern chain of the
Himalayas, v. 407 ; on the population
of Ladakh, viii. 397.
Droughts. See Famines.
Drowning, Deaths from, by storm-wave,
in Noakhali, x. 340.
Drug, town and tahsil in Central Pro-
vinces, iv. 316, 317.
Drugs and medicines, article ' India,' vi.
34. See also Doctors, Native, and
their medicines.
Drugs, found in Akrani, i. 148 ; Amherst,
i. 240 ; Basim, ii. 184 ; Champaran,
iii. 337 ; Cochin, iv. 2 ; Dera Ghazi
Khan {shakh),'\\. 210; Darbhangah, iv.
123 ; Dinajpur, iv. 291 ; Dindigal, iv.
301 ; Haidarabad, v. 246 ; Kulu, viii.
343 ; Lakhimpur, viii. 427 ; Madras,
ix. 30 ; Malabar, ix. 229 ; Mishmi
Hills, ix. 464 ; Murshidabad, x. 22 ;
Muttra, X. 45 ; Nepal, x. 277 ; Purl,
xi. 301 ; Rawal Pindi, xii. 22 ; Salem,
xii. 152 ; Tavoy, xiii. 229 ; Twenty-
four Parganas, xiii. 389.
Drummond, Hon. E. , Lt. -Governor of
the N. -W. Provinces (1863-66), x. 370.
Drummond, Hon. R., Collector of Pili-
bhit, founded Anglo-Vernacular School
there, xi. 177.
Drury, Col. , his works on Indian botany,
referred to, ix. 81.
Duab. See Doab.
Dual system of administration in Bengal
(1767-72), article ' India,' vi. 387, 388.
Diib, pass from Punjab into Kashmir,
iv. 317.
Dubari, village in N.-"\V. Provinces, iv.
Dub-chi, valley and pass in Kashmir, iv.
317-
Dublana, town in Rajputana, iv. 317.
Dubois, Abbe, his community of caste
Christians at Sathalli in Mysore, v.
348;
Dubrajpur, town in Bengal, iv. 318.
Dudhpur, State in Bombay, iv. 318.
Diidhrej, State in Bombay, iv, 318.
Diidu, town in Rajputana, iv. 318.
Dudu Miyan, second leader of the
Faraizis, died in obscurity at Dacca
(1862), iv. 399.
Duduya, river in Bengal, iv. 318.
G
98
INDEX.
Duff", Rev. Alexander, first Presbyterian
missionary to India, article ' India,'
vi. 261.
DufTerin, Earl of, Viceroy (1884), article
'India,' vi. 430; his interview with
Abdur Rahman Khan (1884), vii. 275.
Dugari, town in Rajputana, iv. 318.
Dugria, chiefship in Central India, iv.
319-
Dujana, State in Punjab, iv. 319.
Duka, Dr. Theodore, Life and Wo7-ks of
AleaanJer Csoma de Kords, quoted,
vi. 153 (footnote i).
Dulhi, town in Oudh, iv. 319.
Dumagudiem, town in Madras, iv. 319.
See also Godavari river.
Dum-Dum, Sub-division in Bengal, iv.
320.
Dum-Dum, town in Bengal, iv. 320.
Dumka. See Naya Dumka.
Dumra Falls, rapids in Bengal, iv. 320.
Dumraon, town in Bengal, iv. 320, 321.
Dumraon Canal, branch of Son system
in Bengal, iv. 321.
Dumurdah, town in Bengal, iv. 321.
Dun, range of hills in Bengal, iv. 321.
Dunal Ghat. See Dornal Ghat.
Dunbar, Capt., commanded the expedi-
tion sent from Dinapur for the relief of
Arrah (1857), xi. 97.
Duncan, Jonathan, his report on Sand-
wip Island (1779), xii. 211, 212 ; his
arrangements for the government of
Surat (1880), xiii. 123.
Duncker, Professor Max, Ancient His-
tory of India, quoted, article ' India,'
vi. 81 (footnote 2); 84 (footnotes 2 and
4) ; 115 (footnote) ; 163 (footnote 3).
Dundhu Panth. See Nana Sahib.
Dundi Khan, Rohilla leader, built fort
at Bisauli (1750), iii. 15 ; made peace
with the Nawab of Oudh, but was
nevertheless attacked and defeated, iii.
118.
Dundwaraganj, trading town in N.-W.
Provinces, iv. 321.
Dungagah, sanitarium in Punjab, iv. 321,
322-
Dungarpur, town and State in Rajputana,
iv. 325-
Duni, town in Rajputana, iv. 325.
Duns, The. S^e Dehra Dun.
Duntham'i, river in Lower Burma, iv.
325-
Dunwon, village m Lower Burma, iv.
325-
Dunyian, creek in Lower Burma, iv. 325.
Dunyin, peak in Lower Burma, iv. 325,
326.
Dupleix, French administrator, his am-
bition of founding a French empire in
India, and his struggles in the Karnatik
with Clive, article ' India,' vi. 378,
379. Local notices — Had Alamparia
granted to him by Muzaffar Jang (1750),
i. 163 ; sent two ships to help the
Peguans against Alompra, iii. 221 ;
greatly developed Chandernagar, iii.
357 ; twice attacked Fort St. David at
Cuddalore, between 1746 and 1752,
iv. 46 ; his policy and the extent of
territory he won, iv. 452 ; his policy
in Madras, ix. 12, 13 ; his statue at
Pondicherri, xi. 199 ; his attempts to
take Trichinopoli, xiii. 336.
Du Pre, Josias, Governor of Madras
(1770-73), ix. 67 ; made treaty at St.
Thomas' Mount with Haidar All (1769),
xii. 144.
Durand, Sir H. M. , lighted match for
the storming of Ghazni (1838), i. 50;
buried at Dera Ismail Khan, iv. 222 ;
besieged in the Residency at Indore
(1857), vii. 7 ; fourth Lt. -Governor of
the Punjab, xi. 270 ; killed by an
accident at Tank (1870), xiii. 198.
Durani rule in Afghanistan (1747-1826),
vi. 406, 407.
Durani, Ahmad Shah. See Ahmad Shah
Durani.
Duranis, the most important tribe in
Afghanistan, i. 41 ; their numbers in
the Herat valley, v. 391 ; in Kandahar,
vii. 389, 390.
Duration ot life. Average, in India, vi.
667.
Durduria, historic fort in Bengal, iv. 326.
Durga, one of the forms of the wife of
Siva, vi. 211, 212.
Durgarayapatnam, town in Madras, iv.
326.
Durgavati, Gond queen of Garha Mandla,
her defeat by Asaf Khan at Singaurgarh,
vii. 31, xii. 529 ; her reign, defeat, and
suicide at Mandla (1564), ix, 301, 302.
Durrung. See Darrang.
Dutch, The, in India (1602 - 1824),
article 'India,' vi. 361-363; Dutch
East India Companies, 361, 362 ;
supremacy of, in the Eastern Seas,
brilliant progress, and decline, 362 ; relics
in India, 363 ; English ' Treaty of De-
fence' with (1619), 367; massacre of
Amboyna, and expulsion of the English
from the Eastern Archipelago (1624),
368; conquesis in India, 371, 372;
defeated by Clive at Chinsurah, 385 ;
monopoly of Eastern trade (1600), 560.
Local 7iotices — Dutch factories, forts, and
settlements at Ayakotta, i. 391 ; Bara-
nagar, ii. 122 ; Bimlipatam, ii. 461 ;
Broach (1617), iii. 1 13; Cannanore
(1656), iii. 276; Chapra, iii. 370;
Chetvai, iii. 393 ; Chinsurah, iii. 419 ;
Jaganadhpur, iii. 472 ; took Cochin
from the Portuguese, iv. 3 ; buildings at
INDEX.
99
Cochin, iv. ii, 12; Dacca, iv. 81;
English Bazar, iv. 353 ; Faha, iv. 391 ;
blockaded Goa (1603, 1639), v. 103 ;
took Kayenkolam, viii. 108 ; held
Masulipatam (1686 - 89), viii. 227 ;
took Kodungalur (Cranganore) (1661),
viii. 241 ; Madras, ix. 12 ; in Malabar,
ix. 221 ; Masulipatam, ix. 353, 354 ;
Nagar, x. 155 ; Narsapur, x. 215 ;
Negapatam, x. 259 ; Palakollu, x. 533,
534 ; Pondicherri, xi. 198 ; Puakad,
xi. 214 ; Pulicat, ix. 239 ; Quilon, xi.
140; Rampur Beauleah, xi. 462;
Sadras, xii. 94 ; Sural (1618), xiii. 121,
122 ; battle with the English there,
xiii. 123 ; at Syriam, xiii. 158 ; Tan-
gasseri, xiii. 180 ; in Tanjore, their
history, xiii. 183 ; in Tinnevelli, where
they had pearl fishery, xiii. 300, 308 ;
at Tuticorin, xiii. 385 ; Vengurla, xiii.
470- ,
Duttalur, village in INIadras, iv. 326.
Duttia. See Datia.
Duya, group of lakes in Burma, iv. 326,
327-
Dwarband, pass in Assam, iv. 327.
Dwarikeswar. See Dhalkisor.
Dwarka, seaport in Kathiawar, iv. 327.
Dwarka, river in Bengal, iv. 327.
Dwarkeswar. See Dhalkisor.
Dwar-khaling. See Khaling-Dwar.
Dwars, Eastern, tract in Assam, iv. 328-
335 ; physical aspect, 328, 329 ; history,
329, 331 ; population, 331-333 ; agri-
culture, 333, 334 ; manufactures, 334 ;
administration, 334, 335.
Dwars, Western, tract in Bengal, iv.
335= Vo^- See also Jalpaiguri.
Dyce, Mr., married daughter of Zafaryab
Khan, and his son succeeded to the
Sardhana estates of Begam Samru, xii,
265.
Dyes, Export of, article ' India,' vi. 574,
575 ; found or cultivated in Akola, i.
143 ; North Arcot (red saunders root),
i. 312 ; South Arcot, i. 327 ; Ballapali
(red saunders root), ii. 18 ; Vohora
Kathor in Baroda, ii. 159 ; Basim, ii.
184 ; Bastar, ii. 206 ; Beawar, ii. 222;
Bogra, iii. 26 ; Bombay, iii. 54 ;
Buldana, iii. 143 ; Bundelkhand {dl),
iii. 152 ; Cochin, iv. 2 ; Cuttack, iv.
65 ; Dinajpur, iv. 291 ; Eastern Dwars
{dsu), iv. 329 ; Garo Hills, v. 26 ;
Gujranwala {mehndi or henna), v. 184;
Gwalior {dl), v. 228 ; Haidarabad {dl
and cheyroot), v. 245 ; Jhansi («/), vii.
223; Kamriip, vii. 355 ; North Kanara
(cheyroot), vii. 372 ; South Kanara,
vii. 376 ; Lakhimpur, viii. 427 {dsu),
viii. 438 ; Lalitpur (dl), viii. 453 ;
Madras, ix. 31 ; Western Malwa (dl),
ix. 269 ; the Melghat, ix. 403 ; Multan,
X. 3 ; Muttra, x. 45 ; Naga Hills, x.
143 ; Nellore, x. 260 ; Nepal, x. 277 ;
N. -\V. Provinces {dl, safflower, har-
siiigha, tes2i, myrobolans\, x. 380, 381 ;
Pachamalai Hills, x. 521 ; Puri, xi.
301 ; Rajkot, xi. 389 ; Rajputana (dl),
xi. 418 ; Salem, xii. 152 ; Seoni, xii.
312; Sholapur, xii. 416 ; .Sibsagar, xii.
460; Sitapur, xiii. 30; Twenty-four Par-
ganas, xiii. 389; Wiin («7 and behera),
xiii. 543. ^^^aJso Indigo, Myrobolans,
Safflower, and Red saunders root.
Dyeing, cotton, silk, etc. , pursued at Bagru,
i. 420 ; Beawar, ii. 222 ; Belgaum, ii.
236 ; Beni, ii. 323 ; Bhavani, ii. 383 ;
Bombay, iii. 81 ; Bori, iii. 89 ; Upper
Burma, iii. 217 ; Daman, iv. 103 ;
Dhanori, iv. 244 ; Faizpur, iv. 389 ;
Gadarwara, iv. 457 ; Gokak, v. 142 ;
Sanganer, near Jaipur, vii. 53 ; Jaitpur,
vii. 71 ; Jalaun, vii. 100; Mauranipur
in Jhansi, vii. 223 ; Kaira, vii. 306 ;
Kaladgi, vii. 319 ; Karauli, vii. 473 ;
Karkamb, viii. 13 ; Khairpur, viii.
137 ; Khipra, viii. 202 ; Larkhana,
viii. 464 ; Lucknow District, viii. 500;
Mada]iollam, viii. 537 '■> ^lanoli, ix.
338 ; Masulipatam, ix. 354 ; Mirpur
Batoro, ix. 451 ; Monghyr, ix. 487 ;
Morasa, ix. 516 ; Bangalore, x. 106 ;
Nabisar, x. 127 ; Nagar Parkar, x.
158; Narsapur, x. 215; Nawanagar,
X. 252 ; Nellore, x. 269 ; Ner, x. 291 ;
Pethapur, xi. 162 ; Pondicherri, xi.
199 ; Rabkavi, xi. 340 ; Rajkot, xi.
389 ; Ranipur, xi. 509 ; Rath, xi. 518;
Rawal Pindi, xii. 38 ; Sakhera, xii.
145 ; Sanganer, xii. 217 ; Sayla, xii.
299; Sayyidnagar, xii. 299; Shahapur,
xii. 338 ; .Sholapur District, xii. 418,
city, xii. 421 ; Sihor, xii. 476 ; Thana,
xiii. 257 ; Turavanur, xiii. 384; Upper
Sind Frontier, xiii. 447 ; Wadhwan,
xiii. 506; Walajapet, xiii. 515.
Early Greek historians of India, vi. 163,
164.
Ea'ly HistO)-y of Tibet ami KJioteti, in
Mr. Rockhill's Life of the Buddha,
from the Tibetan classics, vi. 176 and
177 (footnotes).
Early Muhammadan rulers (71 1 -1 526),
article ' India,' chap. x. pp. 268-289.
Early Arab expeditions to Bombay
(636-711), 268; Muhammadan settle-
ment in Sind (711), 268; expulsion of
the Muhammadans from Sind (828),
268 ; India on the eve of the Muham-
madan conquest (lOOO>, 268, 269 ;
the Hindu kingdoms and Hindu power
lOO
INDEX.
/
/
of resistance, 269; slow progress of
Muhammadan conquest, 269, 270 ;
Muhammadan conquest only partial
and temporary, 270; recapture of India
from the Muhammadans by the Hindus
(1707-61), 270; chronology of iMuham-
madan conquerors and dynasties of
India (1001-1857), 271 ; first Turki
invasions, Subuktigin (977-997), 272 ;
the seventeen invasions of Mahmud of
Ghazni (1001-24), 272-274; the Som-
nath expedition, 273, 274; Mahmud's
conquest of the Punjab, 274; the Ghor
dynasty (1152-1206), 275-278; Muham-
mad of Ghor's invasions (1191-1206),
275, 276 ; his conquest of Bengal
(1203), 277, 278; Muhammad's work
in India and subjugation of Northern
India, 278; Kutab-ud-din (1206-10),
278 ; the Slave dynasty, 278-280 ;
Altamsh (121 1-36), 279; the Empress
Raziya (1236-39), 279; Mughal irrup-
tions and Rajput revolts (1244-88),
279, 280; Balban (1265-87), his cruel-
ties, 280 ; his royal pensioners, 280 ;
end of the Slave Kings, 280; the house
of Khilji (1290-1320), 280-283; Ala-
ud-din's raids into Southern India,
281 ; conquest of Northern India
(1295-1303), 281 ; conquest of Southern
India (1303-15), 281, 282; Muham-
madan power and population in India
(1306), 282; Mughal mercenaries and
Hindu revolts, 281 ; Khusru, the rene-
gade Hindu Emperor (1360-20), 282,
283 ; the house of Tughlak (1320-
1414), 283-286; Muhammad Tughlak
(1324-51), his expeditions, cruelties,
forced currency, 283, 284 ; revolts,
284 ; Muhammad Tughlak's revenue
exactions, 284, 285 ; Firoz Shah Tugh-
lak (1351-88); his canals, 285 ; Timur's
invasion (1398), 285 ; ruin of the
Tughlak dynasty, 285, 286 ; the Say-
yid, Lodi, and Bahmani dynasties
(1450-1526), 286, 287; Muhammadan
States of the Deccan, 288 ; the Hindu
kingdom of Vijayanagar, 286, 288 ;
independent Nayaks and Palegars of
Southern India, 28S ; independent
Muhammadan kingdoms of Bengal,
Gujarat, and Jaunpur, 289.
Earthquakes, on Mount Abii, i. 7 ; Allah
Band, i. 199 ; Amarapura, i. 209, 210 ;
Assam, i. 372 ; Brahmanabad, iii. 91 ;
Cachar, iii. 239 ; Cutch, iv. 59, 60 ;
Dacca, iv. 88; Dehra Dun, iv. 176;
Deoprayag, iv. 205; Goalpara, v. 112;
Jalalabad, vii. 75 ; Kaira, vii. 308 ;
Kashmir, viii. 67 ; Khasi Hills, viii.
180; Maheswar, ix. 173; Mandalay,
ix. 291 ; Manipur, ix. 334 ; Palanpur
Agency, x. 539; Peshawar, xi. 157;
of 1819, its effect on the Sata channel,
xii. 274 ; at Shwe-san-daw, xii. 439 ;
Silchar, xii. 489 ; Suigam, xiii. 89 ;
Sylhet, xiii. 156, 157 ; Tezpur, xiii. 244.
Eastern branches of the early Aryans,
vi. 75- ,
Eastern Dwars. See Dwars, Eastern.
Eastern Ghats, mountain range along the
eastern coast of India, article ' India,'
"^'i- 36) 38 ; forests of, vi. 39. See Ghats.
East India Companies and early European
Settlements, article 'India,' vi. 356-377;
■Portuguese, 356-361 ; Dutch, 361-363;
English, 363-371 ; other India Com-
panies, 371 ; French, 372; Danish,
Scotch, and Spanish, 372 ; German or
Ostend, 372-374, 376; Prussian, 374-
376 ; Swedish, 376 ; causes of failure,
376, 377-
East India Company, English, article
' India,' vi. 363 - 365 ; first Charter,
364 ; amalgamated Companies, 365 ;
early voyages, 365, 366 ; defeat of the
Portuguese at Swally, 366 ; wars with
the Dutch, 367, 368; massacre of Am-
boyna, 368 ; early English factories,
368-370 ; foundation of Calcutta (1686),
371 ; the Company embarks on terri-
torial sway (1689), 371 ; downfall of
the Company, and transfer of India to
the Crown (1858), 422. See also
Factories.
Eastwick, E. B. , his description of the
Bhor Ghat, ii. 407, 408 ; on the number
of troops maintained at Herat, v. 392.
Ebony trees, in the Andaman Islands,
i. 282 ; Bombay, iii. 45 ; Coorg, iv. 32 ;
Dungarpur, iv. 322 ; Ganjam, v. 2 ;
Western Ghats, v. 59 ; Gonda, v. 147 ;
Hassan, v. 346 ; Hosur, v. 460 ; Jash-
pur, vii. 145 ; South Kanara, vii. 376 ;
Madras, ix. 7 ; Monghyr, ix. 4S0 ;
Patna State, xi. 115 ; Pawi Mulanda,
xi. 123 ; Potegaon, xi. 223 ; Puri, xi.
301 ; Rampur (C. P.), xi. 460; Sam-
balpur, xii. 178; Shimoga, xii. 400;
Sirohi, xiii. 2 ; Travancore, xiii. 344.
Ecclesiastical Department, The Indian,
vi. 266, 267.
Edapadi, town in Madras, iv. 336.
Edar, State in Bombay, iv. 336-339.
Edar, chief town of State in Bombay, iv.
jj9-
Edavvauna, village in Madras, iv. 339.
Eden, Hon. Sir Ashley, Lieut. -Governor
of Bengal (1877-82), ii. 279; forced to
sign treaty with Bhutan, ii. 417 ; Chief
Commissioner of British Burma (1871-
75), iii. 176; envoy to Sikkim, and
made treaty (1864), xii. 485.
Eden Canal, The, in Bengal, ii. 126,
130, 132.
Eden Hospital, The, at Calcutta, iii. 259.
INDEX
lOI
Edgar, J. W., accompanied Cachar
column in Lushai expedition, viii. 531 ;
.-ent to Sikkim (1874), xii. 485 ; his
Visit to Sikkim, quoted, xii. 484-487.
Edible birds'nests. 6'<f<; Birds' nests, Edible.
Edicts of Asoka. See Asoka.
Edmonstone, Sir G. F. , Lieut. -Governor
of the N.-W. Provinces (1859-63), x.
370.
Education Commission appointed by Lord
Ripon, vi. 429; its recommendations,
429; 474-
Education in India, article 'India,' vi. 472-
479 ; education in ancient India, 472 ;
Sanskrit tols, 472 ; Calcutta iMadrasa
and other colleges, 473 ; ^Mission
schools, 473 ; State system of educa-
tion, 473, 474 ; educational finance,
475 ; Indian universities, 475, 476 ;
colleges, 476 ; upper, middle, and pri-
mary schools, 476, 477 ; girls' school-:,
478, 479 ; normal and other special
schools, 479 ; educational classification
of the population. Appendix IX., 698-
702. See also Administrative section
in each District article, and for the
Provinces, see Assam, i. 371, 372 ;
Bengal, ii. 320, 321 ; Bombay, iii.
70, 71 ; British (now Lower) Burma,
iii. 207; Central Provinces, iii. 321;
Madras, iv. 77-79; N.-W. Provinces,
X. 400-403 ; Oudh, X. 509 ; Punjab,
xi. 290, 291 ; Sind, xii. 524. See hlso
Colleges, Madrasas or Muhammadan
Colleges, Tols or Sanskrit schools, and
Universities.
E'Uvardes, Sir H. B., assisted . against
Miiltan by the Nawab of Bahawalpur,
i. 423 ; administration of the Bannu
valley (1847, 1848), ii. 91, 92; fol-
lowed by many levies from Dera Ghazi
Khan, iv. 221, 222 ; founded Ed-
wardesabad (1848), iv. 339; estimate
of the fighting men in the Kuram
valley, viii. 368 ; gate in memory of,
erected at Peshawar, xi. 158 ; his policy
in regard to Tank, xiii. 197.
Edwardesabad, town in Punjab, iv. 339,
340.
Edwards, Mr. R. M., drove the mutineers
out of Muzaffamagar (1857), x. 70.
Egatpura. See Igatpuri.
Egerton, Sir R., sixth Lieut. -Governor of
the Punjab, xi. 270.
Egmore, suburb of Madras, iv. 340.
Ekamba, village in Bengal, iv. 340.
Eklaspur, town in Bengal, iv. 340.
Ekwari, town in Bengal, iv. 340.
Elattur, river in Madras, iv. 340.
Elavarasanandal, hamlet in ^ladras, iv.
340.
Electro-plating, at Ahmadabad, i. 96 ;
Bangalore, ii. 70.
Elephanta, island in Bombay, iv. 340-344,
Elephant fair, The, at Singeswarthan,
xii. 541.
Elephantiasis, including Cochin leg and
Madura foot, prevalent in S. Arcot,
i. 328 ; Balasor, ii. 10 ; Birbhiim,
iii. 1 1 ; Cochin, iv. 10 ; Cuddapah,
iv. 55 ; Dacca, iv. 89 ; Garo Hills,
v. 32 ; Jodhpur, vii. 240 ; Kashmir,
viii. 76; Madras, ix. 1 19; Madura,
ix. 132; Monghyr, ix. 489; Murshid-
abad, x. 31 ; Xellore, x. 271 ; Now-
gong, X. 415 ; Puri, xi. 309 ; Rangpur,
xi. 500; Sibsagar, xii. 471; Tanjore,
xiii. 193, 194 ; Travancore, xiii. 353 ;
\'izagapatam, xiii. 497.
Elephants, domestic and wild, article
' India,' vi. 521, 655 ; elephant-catch-
ing a Government monopoly, vi. 655,
656 ; Elephant Preservation Act, vi.
656. Local notices — On the Anamalai
Hills, i. 270 ; Andipatti Hills, i. 288 ;
in the Arakan Hill Tracts, i. 299 ; in
North Arcot, i. 312 ; South Arcot,
i. 320 ; Assam, i. 349 ; Bankura, ii. 79;
Bhutan, ii. 414; Bijnaur, ii. 429; Bilas-
pur, ii. 445 ; Biligiri-rangan, ii. 457 ;
Bonai, iii. 85 ; Upper Burma, iii. 212;
Cachar, iii. 234 ; Chang Bhakar, iii.
366 ; Chittagong, iii. 435 ; Chittagong
Hill Tracts, iii. 448 ; Cochin, iv. 2 ;
Coimbatore, iv. 14, 15, 20 ; Coorg,
iv. 32; Darjiling, iv. 131; Darrang,
iv. 142 ; Dehra Dun, iv. 169 ; Dun-
yian, iv. 325 ; Eastern Dwars, iv. 329 ;
Garo Hills, v. 26 ; Western Ghats,
v. 59 ; Hassan, v. 346 ; Heggadade-
vankot, v. 382 ; Hill Tipperah, v. 395 ;
Himalaya Mountains, v. 409 ; Jalpai-
guri, vii. 109 ; Kadur, vii. 283 ; Kam-
rup, vii. 355 ; South Kanara, vii. 377 ;
Khasi Hills, viii. 173 ; Korea, viii.
297 ; Kumaun, viii. 350 ; Lakhimpur,
viii. 427 ; Langai, viii. 460 ; Madras,
ix. 8, 90; Madura, ix. 121 ; Maiman-
singh, ix. 192 ; Malabar, ix. 220 ;
Manbhum, ix. 279 ; Manipur, ix. 325 ;
IMatin, ix. 365; Morbhanj, ix. 516;
Mysore, x. 114 ; Natra Hills, x. 143 ;
Nepal, x. 278 ; Pakhal, x. 532 ;
Palni Mountains, xi. 17; Polur, xi.
197; Pushpa-giri, xi. 355 ; Sagar (My-
sore), xii. Ill; Saharanpur, xii. 1 15;
Salem, xii. 152 ; Shimoga, xii. 400 ;
Sibsagar, xii. 460 ; Singhbhum, xii.
532 ; Singla, xii. 542 ; Sirmur, xii.
553, 554; Siwalik Hills, xiii. 43;
Sylhet, xiii. 145 ; Tarai, xiii. 208 ;
Tavoy, xiii. 229 ; Tharawadi, xiii. 272 ;
Thayet-myo, xiii. 279 ; Travancore,
xiii. 345 ; Uprora, xiii. 449.
Elgin, Lord, Viceroy of India (1862-63),
article 'India,' vi. 424 ; died at Dharm-
I02
INDEX.
sala, where is a monument to him,
iv. 255.
EUas, Ney, his expedition to open trade
route through Burma to China (1874),
iii. 228.
Ellenabad, town in Punjab, iv. 344.
EUenborough, Lord, Governor-General
(1842-44), article ' India,' vi. 408, 409;
the Afghan army of retribution under
Generals Nott and Pollock, vi. 408,
409 ; Somnath proclamation, vi. 409 ;
conquest and annexation of Sind, Gvva-
lior outbreak, and the battles of
Maharajpurand Punniah,vi. 409. Local
notices — -His new system for the admini-
stration of Jabalpur, vii. 32 ; reor-
ganized the administration of the Sagar
and Narbada territories after Bundela
rising of 1842, xii. 102.
EUichpur, District in Berar, iv. 344-347 ;
physical aspects, 344 ; population, 345 ;
agriculture and commerce, 345 ; his-
tory, 345, 346 ; administration, 346,
347 ; climate, 347.
EUichpur, taluk of Berar, iv. 347.
EUichpur, town in Berar, iv. 347, 348.
EUichpur, Muhammadan kingdom of S.
India (1484- 1 572), article 'India, 'vi. 288.
Elliot, Sir Henry, Tribes of the N. - IV.
Provinces, article ' India,' vi. 195 (foot-
note 2) ; History of India as told by its
oiun Historians, 271 (footnote); 272
(footnotes 3 and 4) ; 273 (footnote) ;
287 (footnote 2); 290, 291 (foot-
notes); 295 (footnote i); 300 (foot-
note) ; 302 (footnote) ; 306 (footnote
2); 313 (footnote i). Local references
—On the story of the Taga Brahmans,
iv. 182 ; on the Bhars, viii. 495.
Elliot, Hugh, Governor of Madras (1814-
20), ix. 67.
Elliot, Sir Walter, his report on arrears
in Kistna District, viii. 233 ; his Flora
Andhrica, referred to, ix. 81 ; on
the date of the rdths at Mahabalipur,
ix. 146.
Elliott, Sir C. A., Chief Commissioner of
Assam, i. 342 ; his Chronicles of Unao,
quoted on the legend of Sarwan, xii.
272 ; on the Purihar Rajputs in Sikand-
arpur, xii. 479 ; on the Muhammadan
conquest of Unao, xii. 428, 429.
Elliott, Capt. C, first administrator of
Chhatisgarh after annexation (1854),
xi. 369.
Elliott,Daniel, acting Governor of Madras
(1854), ix. 67.
Elliott, Col. E. K., Chief Commissioner
of the Central Provinces ( 1 861, 1864),
iii. 320; administration of Raipur on
its annexation (1855), xi. 369.
Ellis, Mr., chief of the factory at Patna,
murdered by Mir Kasim (1 763),xi. 95,96.
EUis, Mr., checked the mutiny at Nag-
pur by his firm attitude, x. 169.
EUora, village in Deccan, iv. 348-351.
EUore, taluk of Madras, iv. 351.
EUore, town in Madras, iv. 351, 352;,. _
Elphinstone, Lord, built house at Kaiti,
one of the first settlements on the
Nilgiris, vii. 310 ; Governor of Madras
(1837-42), ix. 67. ...
Elphinstone, Mountstuart, his mission
to Afghanistan (1809), i. 49; passed
through Bikaner, ii. 438, 440 ; attacked
at Poona by Baji Rao, Peshwa (1817),
iii. 39 ; his reforms in Bombay, iii. 40,
75 ; estimate of the population of
Kandahar, vii. 390 ; present at battle
of Pandharpur (1817), xi. 37 ; enlarged
Government house at Parell, xi. 61 ;
description of Singhana, xii. 529 ; his
History of India, quoted, vi. 175 (foot-
note 2) ; 180 (footnote 2); 273 (foot-
note) ; 291 (footnote) ; 300 (footnote
2) ; 302 (footnotes) ; 306 (footnote i) ;
on the Sikh organization, xi. 262.
Elwich, Nathaniel, Governor of Madras
(1721-25), ix. 67.
Embankments, on the Adjai, i. 25 ; in
Balasor, ii. 8 ; Bardwan, ii. 132 ; Bas-
sein, ii. 198 ; the Bhograi, ii. 402 ; the
Bhir Bandh, ii. 462 ; Birkul, iii. 13 ;
Chandan, iii. 356 ; Chapra, iii. 370 ;
Chittagong, iii. 434; Comillah, iv. 25 ;
Cuttack, iv. 68 ; Daga, iv. 94 ; the
Damodar, iv. 107 ; Darrang, iv. 143 ;
Dera Ghazi Khan, iv. 218 ; Dera
Nanak, iv. 229, v. 207 ; on the Dhales-
wari, iv. 238 ; on the Dhalkisor, iv.
239 ; the Dhodar Ali, iv. 270, 271 ; at
Diiulia, iv. 282 ; Duya, iv. 326, 327 ;
English Bazar, iv. 353 ; Gobra, v. 121 ;
the Tucker Bandh in Gorakhpur, v.
171; in Gurgaon, v. 216; Hatia, v.
356 ; on the Hemavati, v. 382 ; in
Henzada, v. 383, 387 ; in Howrah, v.
461 ; on the Indus, vii. 15 ; on the
Irawadi, vii. 21 ; in lessor, vii. 188 ;
in Kamrup, vii. 363 ; at Kashmor, viii.
79; Khairpur, viii. 138; Kutabdia,
viii. 380; in Lakhimpur, viii. 418;
Larkhana, viii. 464 ; Madnagarh,^ viii.
544 ; the Nabaganga at Magura, ix.
141 ; Malkapur, ix. 259 ; Mughalbhin,
ix. 529; Murshidabad, x. 22; Muzaflar-
pur, X. 83 ; on the Eastern Nara, x.
200; Narkher, x. 212; in Naushahro
Abro, X. 246 ; in Noakhali, x. 340 ;
the Nuna, x. 417 ; Ot-po, x. 478, 479 ;
in Puri, xi. 300 ; in Rajshahi, xi. 428 ;
in Rangoon, xi. 479 ; Ravval Pindi, xii.
30 ; Rayalcheruvu, xii. 40 ; Rohna, xii.
63 ; Rohri, xii. 65 ; on the Rupnarayan,
xii. 84 ; in Sabay-yon, xii. 88 ; Sagar
Island, xii. 1 10 ; the Chembrambakam,
INDEX,
103
xii. 139 ; in Saran, xii. 256 ; at Segauli,
xii. 303 ; in Sialkot, xii. 440 ; Sibsagar,
xii. 459, 462 ; in the Sundarbans, xiii.
109 ; in Thana, xiii. 254 ; Thar and
Parkar, xiii. 263 ; Tiia-tun, xiii. 275 ;
Tipperah, xiii. 319 ; Trichinopoli, xiii.
354 ; the Twenty-four Pareanas, xiii.
389.
Embden East India Company. See
Prussian and Embden East India
Companies.
Embroidery, gold and silver lace, gold
and silver thread, wire, tinsel, etc., vi.
603 ; made at Agra, i. 76; Ahmadabad,
i. 96 ; Bangalore, ii. 70 ; Bishnupur, ii.
85 ; Bombay, iii. 59 ; Cambay, iii. 272 ;
Cutch, iv. 62 ; Dacca, iv. 86 ; Gondal
(cord), V. 157; Haidarabad (Sind), v.
282; Jalandhar, vii. 89; Jalna, vii. 107 ;
Jhang, vii. 21 1; Jodhpur, vii. 239;
Kangra, vii. 430 ; Kathiawar, viii. 96 ;
by the Khamtis, viii. 144 ; Lahore
(lace), viii. 418; Lucknow, viii. 516,
x. 507 ; Maheswar, ix. 173 ; Mirpur,
ix. 450 ; Murshidabad, x. 39 ; Nawa-
nagar, x. 253 ; Peshawar, xi. 154 ; Pun-
jab (lace), xi. 287 ; Raver, xii. 14 ;
.Sawantwari, xii. 297 ; Surat, xiii. 129 ;
Sylhet, xiii. 153 ; Umrer, xiii. 423 ;
Yeola (twist), xiii. 555.
Emigration and immigration, from or to,
Akyab, i. 154 ; Amherst, i. 237 ; South
Arcot, i. 323; Assam, i. 350; Balaghat,
i. 454 ; Bassein, ii. 196 ; Bengal, ii.
323 ; Bhandara, ii. 362 ; Lower Burma,
iii. 185, 193 ; Cachar, iii. 235 ; Cawn-
pur, iii. 283 ; Central Provinces, iii.
305 ; Chanda, iii. 351 ; Chittagong, iii.
437 ; Cochin, iv. 5 ; ^ Coorg, iv. 33 ;
Cuttack, iv. 68 ; Daman-i-Koh, iv.
104; Damoh, iv. 109, no; Darjiling,
iv. 132, 133 ; Darrang, iv. 145, 148 ;
Dehra Dun, iv. 175 ; Diu, iv. 306 ;
Eastern Dwars, iv. 332 ; Western
Dwars, iv. 336 ; Faridpur, iv. 401 ;
Goa, V. 94 ; Gujranwala, v. 181 ; Berar,
V. 226 ; Henzada, v. 386 ; Jabalpur,
vii. 32; Jalpaiguri, vii. 115; Jhansi,
vii. 221 ; Kamrup, vii. 360 ; Laccadive
Islands, viii. 395 ; Lohardaga, viii.
479 ; Madras, ix. 26 ; Maimansingh,
ix. 197 ; Maldah, ix. 240 ; Manbhum,
ix. 281 ; Mandla, ix. 303 ; Mergui, ix.
409 ; Multan, x. 5 ; Muzaffargarh, x.
59 ; Muzaffarpur, x. 80 ; Nilgiri Hills,
X. 309 ; Nowgong, x. 410 ; Pambam,
xi. 23 ; Punjab, xi. 271 ; Ratnagiri, xii.
6, 7, 8 ; Rawal Pindi, xii. 25 ; Sagar,
xii. 103; Salem, xii. 159; Seoni, xii.
311; Shahpur, xii. 363; Sialkot, xii,
443 ; Sibsagar, xii. 463 ; .Sirsa, xiii. 12,
13 ; Svlhet, xiii. 150 ; Tanjore, xiii.
185 ; Tarai, xiii. 209 ; Thana, xiii. 253 ;
Tinnevelli, xiii. 304, 305 ; Travancore,
xiii. 347 ; Upper Sind Frontier, xiii. 440.
Eminabad, town in Punjab, iv. 352.
Empire in India, British. See History of
British rule in India.
Empire, The Mughal. See Mughal Em-
pire, The.
Enamelling on gold and silver, Lower
Burma, iii. 198 ; Haidarabad (Sind), v.
282 ; Jaipur, vii. 53 ; Kangra, vii. 430 ;
Maulmain, ix. 371; Multan, x. 13;
Partahgarh (Rajputana), xi. 77; {koft-
gari) Kotli in Sialkot, xii. 447, 448.
Engineering Colleges. See Colleges.
English in India, The (1496- 1689), article
'India,' vi. pp. 363-377. Attempts to
reach India by the North-West passage,
363 ; Thomas Stephens, the earliest
recorded English traveller in India
(1579), 363. 364; Fitch, Newberry,
and Leedes (1583), 364 ; first Charter
of the East India Company (1600),
364 ; later East India Companies, 365 ;
the amalgamated Companies (1709),
365 ; eariy English voyages to India
(1600-12), 365, 366; British defeat of
the Portuguese fleet at Swally (161 5),
366 ; Sir Thomas Roe, British Am-
bassador to India (1615), 367; wars
between English and Dutch, 367, 36S ;
massacre of Amboyna, and expulsiofi
of the British from the Eastern Archi-
pelago, 368 ; early Indian factories in
India, 367, 368 ; Madras founded
(1639), 369 ; Hugh, Balasor, and
Kasimbazar factories, 369, 370; Bom-
bay ceded to the British Crown (1661),
and the Presidency transferred thither
from Surat (1684-87), 370; Bengal
separated from Madras (1687), 370 ;
Sir John Child, styled ' Governor-
General,' 370, 371 ; English oppressed
in Bengal by the native Viceroys, 371 ;
the Company starts on territorial sway
(1689), 371 ; causes of England's suc-
cess in India, and of the failure of
other European powers, 377. See also
Factories.
English Bazar, town in Bengal, iv. 352,
353-
Eng-rai, town in Lower Burma, iv. 353.
Eng-rai-gyi, lake in Burma, iv. 353, 354.
Ennore, town in Madras, iv. 354.
Entalli, suburb of Calcutta, iv. 354.
Epidemics. See Medical aspect sections
in the District articles, and Cholera,
Fever, Small-pox.
Eran, village in Central Provinces, iv.
354, 355-
Erandol, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, iv. 355.
Ernad, taluk in Madras, iv. 355.
Ernagudem, See Yernagudem.
I04
INDEX.
Ernakolam, town in Madras, iv. 355, 356.
Ernal, town in Madras, iv. 356.
Erode, tdluk in Madras, iv. 356, 357.
Erode, town in Madras, iv. 357.
Erskine, Mr., first Collector of Ongole
(1790), X. 264.
Eruvadi, town in Madras, iv. 357.
Estainge, Admiral D', took Tinieri( 1758),
xiii. 297.
Etah, District in N.-W. Provinces, iv.
357-366 ; physical aspects, 358 ; his-
tory, 358-360; population, 360, 361;
distribution of the people into town and
country, 361, 362; agriculture, 362,363;
natural calamities, 363, 364; commerce,
trade, etc., 364 ; administration, 364,
365 ; medical aspects, 365, 366.
Etah, tahsil in N. - W. Provinces, iv. 366.
Etah, town in N.-W. Provinces, iv. 366,
367-
Etaiyapuram, town in Madras, iv. 367.
Etawah, District in N.-W. Provinces, iv.
1^1 -yiT, physical aspects, 367-370;
history, 370-372 ; population, 372-374 ;
distribution into town and country, 374 ;
agriculture, 374, 375 ; natural calami-
ties, 376 ; commerce and trade, 376 ;
administration, 376, 377 ; medical
aspects, 377.
Etawah, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces, iv.
377, 378.
Etawah, town in N.-W. Provinces, iv.
378, 380.
Ethnical division of the population, article
'India,' vi. 51, 52, 73, 74. 5'tv also
Population section in the several Dis-
trict articles, and Aborigines.
Ettiapuram, estate in Madras, iv. 380.
European and Indian languages merely
varieties of Aryan speech, vi. 76.
European Settlements (1498 to i8th cen-
tury), article ' India,' vi. chap. xiv. pp.
356-377. The Portuguese in India,
356-361 ; early Portuguese voyages,
Covilham (1487), and Vasco da Gama
(1498), 357, 358; state of India on
arrival of Portuguese, 358 ; Portuguese
territorial expedition (1500), 358 ;
Portuguese supremacy in the Eastern
Seas (1 500- 1 600), 358, 359 ; capture of
Goa by Albuquerque (1510), 359;
Portuguese cruelties, 359 ; Albuquer-
que's policy of conciliation, 359, 360 ;
later Portuguese Viceroys, their oppres-
sions and conquests, 360 ; downfall of
the Portuguese in India (1639-1739),
360, 361 ; Portuguese possessions in
1881, 361 ; mixed descendants, 361.
The Dutch in India (1602- 1824), 359-
362 ; Dutch East India Companies,
361 ; Dutch supremacy in the Eastern
Seas (1600-1700), 362; their brilliant
progress, but short-sighted policy and
ultimate downfall, 362 ; Dutch relics
in India, 363. The early English in
India, 363-371 ; attempts to reach
India by the North-West passage, 363 ;
Thomas Stephens, the first authentic
English traveller in India (1579), 363,
364 ; later travellers, Fitch, Newberry,
and Leedes (1583), 364; first Charter
of the East India Company (1600),
364 ; later East India Companies (1635,
1655, and 1698), 365 ; the amalga-
mated Company (1709), 365 ; early
English voyages (1600-12), 365 ; defeat
of the Portuguese fleet at Swally, off
Surat (1615), 366; Sir Thomas Roe,
first English Ambassador to India
(1615), 367; treaty with the Dutch
(1619), 367; English expelled from
the Spice Islands and Java by the
Dutch (1620-21), 367; establishment
of English factories at Agra and Patna
(1620), 367; Masulipatam factory
established (1622), 368; English ex-
pelled from Eastern Archipelago, and
retire to India, 368 ; Emperor's Farinan
granting English liberty to trade in
Bengal, 368, 369 ; Madras founded
(1639), 369; Hi'igli factory established
(1640), 369; Kasimbazar factory (1658),
369, 370 ; Bombay ceded to the British
Crown (1661), 370; Presidency re-
moved from Surat to Bombay (1684-
87), 370 ; separation of Bengal from
Madras (1681), 370; Sir John Child,
styled 'Governor-General' (1686), 370,
371 ; Calcutta founded (1686), 371 ;
the Company embarks on territorial
sway (1689), 371 ; French East India
Companies and possessions in 1881,
372 ; Danish, Scotch, and Spanish
Companies, 372 ; the German or
Ostend Company, 372 ; its Indian
settlements (1772), 373 ; its successful
experimental voyages and political
objects, 373, 374 ; Ostend Company
bankrupt and destroyed (1783-84), and
extinguished (1793), 374; the Prussian
and Embden Companies, 374-376;
Swedish Company (1731), 376; causes
of failure of foreign European Com-
panies, and of English success in India,
376, 377 > European traders in India
in 1872 and 1881, 377. See also
Danish, Dutch, English, French,
German, and Portuguese.
Europeans in India. See Population
section in each Provincial article, and
especially Bombay, iii. 80 ; Calcutta,
iii. 256 ; Goa, v. 91 ; Madras, ix. 108.
Evans, Capt., his administration in
Nimar, x. 331.
Evans, Col., put down rebellion in Thar
and Parkar (1859), ^iii. 265.
INDEX.
105
Everest, Mount, in Hi-iialayas, iv. 380;
highest measured fountain in the
world, vi. 5.
Everest, Sir George, Surveyor-General of
India, mountain named after, iv. 380,
V. 408.
Everest, Rev. Mr., calculations regarding
silt discharge of the Ganges, vi. 27.
Excliange, Loss by, vi. 469.
Excommunication from caste privileges,
vi. 199, 200.
Excise administration, distilleries, rice-
beer, opium, ganjd, charas, vi. 454,
455> 467 ; expenditure, and income of
British India, 465-470.
Executive Council of the Governor-
General, vi. 432.
Expeditions, Military — frontier and other
— against the Akas (1883, 1884), i.
136 ; the Ambela (1863), i. 227, 228 ;
into Bhattiana (1810, 1818), ii. 379;
the Bhutan (1865), ii. 417 ; against the
Lushais (1871, 1872), iii. 232, 448,
449, viii. 531 ; against the Angami
Nagas (1880, 1881), iii. 252, x. 144-
146; into the Bangs (1818), iv. 115;
against the Daphlas (1874, 1875), i'^"-
120; the Sikkim (1849, 1850), iv.
131, xii. 485; the Gumsur (1835-37),
V. 4 ; against the Garos, v. 27 ;
against Hathras (1817), v. 355; the
Jaintia Hills (1862, 1863), vii. 48,
viii. 172; Khasi Hills (1829-33),
viii. 171 ; the Kittur, viii. 238; into
Merwara (1819, 1820), ix. 416, 417;
into the Mishmi Hills (1855), ix. 463 ;
against the Mohmands (1851, 1854,
1864), ix. 475 ; the Park Kimedi
(1768, 1833-35, i837)>.xi. 64, 65;
against Putur (1837), xi. 336; into
Rampa {1858, 1879), xi. 454 ; against
the Kols into Singhbhiim (1820, 1821,
1836, i837),_ xii. 533 ; against the
Singphos, xii. 542 ; into Thar and
Parkar (1859), xiii. 264, 265 ; against
the Kukis from Tipperah (1861), xiii.
315-
Export trade of India, its origin and
growth, analysis and principal staples
of foreign trade, vi. 567, 569 - 580 ;
distribution of exports to different
countries, vi. 569, 580 ; coasting trade,
vi. 584-5S6.
Exports and imports, of Afghanistan, i.
40 ; Assam, i. 367, 368 ; Bengal, ii.
312-314 ; Bhutan, ii. 415 ; Bombay,
iii. 62, 63 ; Lower Burma, iii. 199,
200; Upper (then Independent) Burma,
iii. 218; Calcutta, iii. 264-266;
Central Provinces, iii. 319 ; Chitta-
gong, iii. 445 ; Dacca, iv. 91 ; Berar,
v. 271, 272 ; Karachi, vii. 455-458 ;
Lahore, viii. 418 ; Madras Presidency,
ix. 61, 62; Madras city, ix. iii, 112 ;
Mangalore, ix. 313, 314; Nepal, x. 2S2,
283 ; N.-W. Provinces, x. 392-394 ;
Patna, xi. no- 114; Punjab, xi. 284-
286 ; Rangoon, xi. 484-486 ; Sind, xii.
522 ; Tuticorin, xiii. 386. Sea also
Sea-borne trade.
External sources of the ancient history of
India, vi. 163.
Eyre, Sir Vincent, relieved Arrah (1857),
i- m, 334> xii. 329.
Fabricius, Lutheran missionary in Madras,
ix. 25.
Factories, Steam cotton. See Steam
cotton factories.
Factories, Silk. See Silk manufacture.
Factories, Old East India Company's,
including Commercial Residencies and
Lodges, Anjengo (1695), i. 291, 292 ;
Bajitpur, i. 439 ; Balasor, ii. 5 ; Ban-
damurlanka, ii. 56 ; Negrais, ii. 194 ;
Bassein, ii. 194; Broach (1616), iii.
109; Calicut (1616), iii. 270; Chand-
rakona, iii. 364 ; Cochin (1683), iv. 12 ;
Cuddalore, iv. 46 ; Dacca, iv. 81 ;
Armagon, near Durgarayapatnam, iv.
326 ; English Bazar (1770), iv. 353 ;
Ganjam (1768), v. 3, 9 ; Hubli, v.
467; Hugli (1640), v. 491, 500; In-
jaram (1708), vii. 18 ; Jahanabad
(1760), vii. 43; Jaleswar, vii. 104;
Jangipur, vii. 137 ; Kalyan (1674),
vii. 347; Karwar (1638, 1682, 1750),
viii. 54, 55 ; Kasimbazar (1658), viii.
80, 81 ; Kumarkhali, viii. 346 ; Lahori
Bandar, viii. 419 ; Madapollam, viii.
537 ; Madras (1639), ix. 103 ; Kisori-
ganj in Maimansingh, ix. 198 ; in
Maldah (1686), ix. 242 ; Masulipatam
(1622), ix. 353; Nandurbar (1666), x.
195; Narsapur (1677), x. 215; Nila-
palli (1751), X. 301 ; Nizampatam
(1621), X. 338 ; in Noakhali (1756), x.
343; Pippli (1634), xi. 186; Ponani
(1662), xi. 197 ; Rajapur, xi. 384, 385 ;
Rampur Beauleah, xi. 462 ; Ranga-
mati, xi. 470; Rangoon (1790), xi.
482 ; Shahljandar, xii. 340 ; Sona-
mukhi, xiii. 58; Surat (1612), xiii.
121; Surul, xiii. 139; Syriam, xiii.
158 ; Tatta, xiii. 218 ; Tellicherri
(1683), xiii. 237; Vengurla (1772),
xiii. 470 ; Viravasaram (1634), xiii.
478 ; Vizagapatam, xiii. 485, 498.
Factories, Old Danish, Calicut (1752),
iii. 270 ; Porto Novo, xi. 222 ; Seram-
pur, xii. 318 ; Tranquebar (1620), xiii.
183, 340, 341-
Factories, Old Dutch, Baranagar, ii. 122;
io6
INDEX.
Bimlipatam, ii. 461 ; Broach (1617),
iii. 113; Cannanore (1656), iii. 276;
Chapra, iii. 370 ; Chinsiirah, iii. 419 ;
Jaganadhapur, iii. 472 ; Dacca, iv. 81 ;
Falta, iv. 391 ; Masulipatam, ix. 353 ;
Pa}akollu(i652),xi. 533; I'iilicat(i6o9),
xi. 239 ; Rampur Beauleah, xi. 462 ;
Sadras (1647), xii. 94; Surat (1618),
xiii. 121; Syriam (1631), xiii. 158;
Tanganeri, xiii. 180 ; Tuticorin, xiii.
300, 385 ; Vengurla (1638), xiii. 470.
Factories, Old French, Calicut {1722),
iii. 270; Chandarnagar (1673), iii.
356, 357 ; Chapra, iii. 370 ; Dacca, iv.
81 ; English Bazar, iv. 353 ; Mahe
(1722), ix. 179; Masulipatam (1669),
ix. 352; Pondicherri (1674), xi. 198;
Yanaon, xiii. 547.
Factories, Old German, Bankipur, ii. 77-
Factories, Old Portuguese, Beypur, ii.
335; Bhatkal (1505), ii. 377; Cali-
cut (1501, 1513), iii. 269, 270; Can-
nanore (1505), iii. 276; Chapra, iii.
370; Chaul (1505), iii. 376; Cochin
(1502), iv. II ; Daman (1558), iv. loi ;
Goa, v. 100; Hugh (1537), v. 449;
Porto Novo, xi. 222; Quilon (1503),
xi. 340. See also Portuguese in India.
Fa Hian, Chinese Buddhist pilgrim of
the fifth century, article ' India,' vi.
155- Local notices — Visited or men-
tions Allahabad, i. 186 ; Bahraich, i.
427 ; Bengal, ii. 275 ; Buddh Gaya,
iii. 125 ; Taxila, iv. 270 ; the ' Soli-
tary Mountain ' identified vi'ith Giriyak,
V. 85 ; Tu-wei (Tandwa), v. 507 ;
Kasia, viii. 79 ; Ladakh, viii. 399 ;
the Maldive Islands, ix. 250 ; Tamliik,
ix. 428, xiii. 171; Muttra, x. 53;
Sravasti (Sahet Mahet), x. 484, xii.
128 ; Pushkalavati, xi. 147 ; Raja-
griha, xi. 380, 381 ; Sankisa, xii. 223,
224.
Fairs, generally associated with religious
festivals, held at Agradwip, i. 77 ;
Ahar, i. 81 ; Ahmadalmd, i. 95 ;
Ajodhya, i. 135 ; Akbarpur (N.-W.
P.), i. 139 ; Akot, i. 145 ; Alawakha-
wa, i. 164; Alipur (C. P.), i. 181 ;
Allahabad, i. 192, 198 ; Alwar, i. 205 ;
Amalner, i. 208; Amarnath, i. 21 1 ;
Ambad, i. 212 ; Amrilsar, i. 259, 265 ;
Anandpur (Punjab), i. 273 ; Anwa, i.
295 ; Aror, i. 332 ; Asasuni, i. 337 ;
Ashta, i. 338 ; Atur, i. 383 ; Aurunga-
bad Sayyid, i. 388 ; Bachireddipalem,
i. 406 ; Badin, i. 409 ; Bagesar, i. 414 ;
Bagherhat, i. 417 ; Bahraich, i. 435 ;
Bairam Ghat, i. 437 ; Bajrangarh, i.
439; Baksar, i. 450; Baldeva, ii. II ;
Ballabhpur, ii. 17 ; Ballia, ii. 23 ;
Balotra, ii. 24 ; Unai, near Bansda, ii.
99; Baraoar Hills, ii. 115; Barhal-
ganj, ii. 150 ; Bawangaja Hill, ii. 181 ;
Balesar, ii. 216 ; Bausi, ii. 217 ; Bcl-
gaum, ii. 237 ; Bellavi, ii. 251 ; Beri,
ii. 325 ; Bettia, ii. 328 ; Bhadarsa, ii.
337 ; Bhadhhi'it, ii. 338 ; Bhadracha-
1am, ii. 339 ; Bhangarhat, ii. 369 ;
Bhartpur, ii. 376 ; Bhavvanandpur, ii.
384 ; Bheraghat, ii. 386 ; Bhetargaon,
ii. 387 ; Bhiri, ii. 399 ; Bhit Shah, ii.
399 ; Bihar, ii. 421 ; Bijnaur, ii. 435 ;
Bisalpur, iii. 15 ; Bishanpur Nashan
Khas, iii. 16 ; Bithiir, iii. 20 ; Bitra-
ganta, iii. 20 ; Bowring-pet, iii. 95 ;
Budhata, iii. 128 ; Budikot, iii. 129 ;
Bukera, iii. 129 ; Chaibasa, iii. 324 ;
Chakultor, iii. 326 ; Chanda, iii. 355 ;
Chandod, iii. 360 ; Chatsu, iii. 375 ;
Chhipia, iii. 404 ; Ciiik Devaraj
Sagar, iii. 409 ; Chikmagah'ir, iii. 411 ;
Chilambaram, iii. 412 ; Chimur, iii.
417; Chitalmari, iii. 429; Chitarkot,
iii. 429 ; Conjevaram, iv. 26 ; Dain-
hat, iv. 95 ; Dalgoma, iv. 97 ; Dal-
mau, iv. 99, 100 ; Kundalpur and Ban-
dakpur in Damoh, iv. 1 12; Darwani,
iv. 151 ; Dasna, iv. 154; Debi Patan,
iv. 164; Dera Ghazi Khan, iv. 218;
Deulgaon Raja, iv. 230 ; Devanhalli,
iv. 232 ; Devjagaon, iv. 234 ; Dewal-
wara, iv. 235 ; Dhaldighi, iv. 238 ;
Dhampur, iv. 241 ; Hulgur, Yamnur,
and Gudgaddapur in Dharwar, iv. 260;
Dholpur, iv. 277, 278 ; Machkund and
Salpan in Dholpur, iv. 278 ; Dhulia,
iv. 283 ; Dhuiian, iv. 283 ; Diggi, iv.
287 ; Diwangiri, iv. 308 ; Dod-balla-
pur, iv. 311 ; Baneswar and Galliakot
in Dungarpur, iv. 323, 324; Elephanta,
iv. 344; Eminabad, iv. 352; Doha in
Etawah, iv. 376 ; Fatehpur-Chaurasi,
iv. 433 ; Gangal, iv. 466 ; Garhauli, v.
14 ; Garhduvala, v. 14; Garhmuktesar,
v. 16; Gauripur, v. 42; Chochakpur
in Ghazipur, v. 69; Godna, v. 139;
Jargo, near Gogunda, v. 140 ; Gohana,
V. 141 ; Gokaru, v. 142 ; Gola, v. 143 ;
Gonda, v. 157 ; Goona, v. 159 ; Gora-
bazar, v. 163 ; Dhonkal in Gujranwala,
V. 185, xiii. 535 ; Gurkha, v. 224 ;
Haidarabad (Oudh), v. 289 ; New
Hala, V. 294 ; Bilgram, Hattia, Haran,
and Barsuya in Hardoi, v. 325, 326 ;
Hardwar, v. ^ 333, 334 ; Hargam, v.
335 ; Kolhwagara in Harha, v. 336 ;
Harua, v. 342; Hindaun, v. 414;
Hingni, v. 422 ; Hirdenagar, v. 423 ;
Hongal, v. 440 ; Chintpurni and Mu-
kerian in Hoshiarpur, v. 456 ; Hosur,
V. 460; Indapur, v. 510; Islamabad
Bijhauli, vii. 27 ; Jaisalmer, vii, 70 ;
Jajpur, vii. 73; Jalpesh, vii. i'i8 ;
Janjira, vii. 141 ; Mariahu and Kar-
chuli in Jaunpur, vii. 157; Choya
INDEX.
107
Saidan Shah in Jeblam, vii. 175;
Jewar, vii. 193; Jlialukati, vii. 197;
Tilwara, Mundwa, Parbatsar, Bilara,
and Barkhana in Jodhpur, vii. 245 ;
Gartoh, vii. 253 ; Kadi, vii. 280 ;
Sringeri in Kadur, vii. 2S7 ; Kakora,
vii. 311 ; Kakrani, vii. 312 ; Kalakad,
vii. 322 ; Kalinjar, vii. 333 ; Kalyan-
mal, vii. 348 ; Kanera, vii. 407 ; Kan-
gra and Javvala Mukhi, vii. 426 ; Kan-
kanhalli, vii. 434; Kansat, vii. 436;
Kantha, vii. 437 ; Kanthalpara, vii.
437 ; Kapilmuni, vii. 441 ; Karagola,
vii. 461 ; Karanbas, vii. 465 ; Karnala,
viii. 17; Karor, viii. 48 ; Jamu, viii. 74 ;
Katas, viii. 87 ; Katra Medniganj, viii.
loi ; Kazipara, viii. loi ; Keljhar, viii.
Ill; Kelu, viii. 112; Kencluli, viii.
114; Khaga, viii. 122; Khagrapara,
viii. 123; Khairabad, viii. 129; Kha-
juha, viii. 140 ; Khalair, viii. 141 ;
Khekera, viii. 187 ; Gold Gokarannath
in Kheri, viii. 196 ; Kherkeria, viii.
199 ; Kisoriganj, viii. 225 ; Kolar,
viii. 279 ; Kopilas, viii. 294 ; Kotap-
pakonda, viii. 309 ; Sipi in Kolhi, viii.
311; Kutabpur, viii. 401; Lakhna,
viii. 440 ; Chiuia and Daltonganj in
Lohardaga, viii. 482 ; Machhligaon,
viii. 533 ; Madha, viii. 541 ; Madho-
pur, viii. 542; Kokalhat, ix. 153;
Maliasthangarh, ix. 168; Maheji, ix.
172 ; Mahesh, ix. 172; Samlaji and
Brahmakhed in Mahi Kantha, ix.
J 79; Mahiiwa, ix. 187; Husainpur in
Alaimansingh, ix. 198 ; Dohti in Maj-
haura, ix. 214; Malinagar, ix. 258;
Malur, ix. 266 ; Manda, ix. 287 ;
Mandhak, ix. 296; Manikganj, ix. 321 ;
Manikpur, ix. 321 ; Mani Majra, ix.
322 ; Mankur, ix. 337 ; Manora, ix.
339; Mapusa, ix. 343, 344; Mar-
kandi, ix. 347 ; Masti, ix. 351 ;
Matari, ix. 362 ; Mauranwan, ix. 374 ;
Meerut, ix. 394 ; Mendhawal, ix. 405 ;
Merkara, ix. 415; Mhaswad, ix. 420;
Misrikh, ix. 467 ; Motijharna, ix. 521 ;
Mugdai. ix. 528 ; Miighalbhin, ix. 529 ;
Muradabad, x. 16 ; Murassapur, x. 16 ;
Murgod, x. 17; Nachangaon, x. 127;
Nagari, x. 157; Nanguneri, x. 196;
Nawabganj, x. 249 ; Nekmard, x.
259 ; Nelamangala, x. 260 ; Nihtor,
x. 301 ; Singaji and Mandhata in
Nimar, x. 334 ; Niir Mahal, x. 418 ;
Pandharpur, xi. 37 ; Panhan, xi. 43 ;
Pariar, xi. 63 ; Patan (Oudh), xi. 80 ;
Patiir, xi. 119 ; Pehoa, xi. 129 ; Peth,
xi. 161 ; Phaphund, xi. 166 ; Phula-
guri, xi. 168 ; Pollachi, xi. 196 ; Pra-
kasha, xi. 223 ; Premtoli, xi. 224 ;
Pulikonda, xi. 240 ; Purwa, xi. 334 ;
Pushkar, xi. 335 ; Pushpagiri, xi. 335 ;
Rajagriha Hills, xi. 3S0 ; Rajapur
(N.-W. P.), xi. 386 ; Rajim, xi. 388 ;
Ranikail, xi. 449 ; Ramnagar, xi. 452 ;
Rampur (N.-W. P.), xi. 460 ; Ram-
pura, xi. 462 ; Ramtek, xi. 466 ; Ran-
gir, xi. 471 ; Ranipet, xi. 509 ; Ratan-
pur, xi. 516 ; Remuna, xii. 42, 43 ;
Rishikund, xii. 57 ; Rohna, xii. 63 ;
Rudrapur, xii. 81 ; Riipar, xii. 83 ;
Sadhaura, xii. 93 ; Sadiya, xii. 93, 94 ;
Sadullapur, xii. 97 ; Bhapel and Pan-
dalpur in Sagar, xii. 106 ; Sagar
Island, xii. 109, no; Sakraypatna, xii.
148 ; Salem, xii. 166 ; Sanivarsante,
xii. 221 ; Sankarkati, xii. 222 ; Sankha,
xii. 223 ; Santipur, xii. 227 ; Badar-
pur, xii. 261 ; Sarjapur, xii. 269 ;
Sarsaganj, xii. 271 ; Satana, xii. 275 ;
Satrikh, xii. 290 ; Saundatti, xii. 291 ;
Saurath, xii. 291, 292 ; Savanur, xii.
293 ; Sehi, xii. 304 ; Chhapara in
Seoni, xii. 313 ; Seori Narayan, xii.
317 ; Seota, xii. 317 ; Shahapur, xii.
338 ; Shahpur, xii. 368 ; Shendurni,
xii. 379 ; Shikarpur (Mysore), xii. 397 ;
Shimoga, xii. 406 ; Shingnapur, xii.
406, 407 ; Shinrajpur, xii. 409 ; Shola-
pur, xii. 418 ; Sonari in Sholapur, xii.
418 ; Sialkot, xii. 452 ; Siddham, xii.
473 ; Siddheswar, xii. 474 ; Sikandra,
xii. 482 ; Silanath, xii. 488, 489 ;
Silchar, xii. 489 ; Silpata, xii. 490 ;
Siralkoppa, xii. 551 ; Sir.si, xiii. 22 ;
Sinir, xiii. 23 ; Sitamarhi, xiii. 26 ;
Sonagaon, xiii. 57 ; Sonpur, xiii. 63 ;
Soron, xiii. 67 ; Sriwardhan, xiii. 83 ;
Subrakmanya, xiii. 87 ; Sudasna, xiii.
87 ; Sitakund and Dhopap in Sultan-
pur (Oudh), xiii. 99 ; Sultanpur (Kan-
gra), xiii. 106; Sylhet, xiii. 157 ; Tale-
gaon Dham Dhera, xiii. 166 ; Talgaon,
xiii. 167 ; Tanda, xiii. 174, 175 ; Tarak-
eswar, xiii. 212 ; Taroli, xiii. 216 ;
Thulandi, xiii. 293 ; Tikri, xiii. 295 ;
Tilothu, xiii. 322 ; Tirthahalli, xiii.
323 ; Titalya, xiii. 335 ; Tosham, xiii.
340 ; Tribeni, xiii. 354 ; Trimbak, xiii.
366 ; Trimohini, xiii. 366 ; Gubbi in
Tiimkur, xiii. 379; Udalguri, xiii. 414;
Uddhanpur, xiii. 415 ; Ugri, xiii. 416 ;
Ulvi, xiii. 419 ; Unja, xiii. 438 ;
Uttiir, xiii. 459 ; Vadagenhalli, xiii.
460; Waigaon, xiii. 510; Wer, xiii.
537 ; Wun, xiii. 544, 546 ; Yedator,
xiii. 550. See also Festivals.
Faisan, Captain, his defence of Kaveripa-
ram against Haidar AH (1769), viii. 106.
Faizabad, Division of Oudh, iv. 380.
Faizabad, District of Oudh, iv. 381-388;
physical aspects, 381 ; history, 381,
382 ; population, 382, 383 ; division
into town and country, 383, 384 ; agri-
culture, 384 - 386 ; communications,
io8
INDEX.
trade, commerce, etc., 386, 387 ; ad-
ministration, 387 ; medical aspects,
387, 388.
Faizabad, tahsil in Oudh, iv. 388.
Faizabad, town in Oudh, iv. 388, 389.
Faiz AH Khan Bahadur, Sir, appointed
to administer State of Kotah (1874),
viii. 305 ; holds y*/^/;- of Pahasu, x. 528.
Faizpur, town in Bombay, iv. 389.
Faiz-ulla Khan, son of Ali Muhammad,
the Rohilla, became Nawab of Ram-
pur, his history, xi. 456 ; his tomb, xi.
459-
Fakhrpur, village and pargand in Oudh,
iv- 389. 390-
Fakirganj, village in Bengal, iv. 390.
Fakuhat, village in Bengal, iv. 390.
False Point, cape, harbour, and light-
house in Bengal, iv. 390, 391 ; history
of harbour, 391 ; trade, 391.
Falta, village in Bengal, iv. 391, 392.
Family history, of the Maharao of Alwar,
i. 203-205 ; Nawab of Bahawalpur, i.
423, 424 ; Maharaja of Balrampur, ii.
24 ; Maharaja of Bishnupur, ii. 80, 81 ;
Maharaja of Bard wan, ii. 127, 128 ;
Gaekwar of Baroda, ii. 160 -164;
Maharaja of Benares, ii. 255, 256 ;
Maharaja of Bhartpur, ii. 373, 374 ;
Thakur Sahib of Bhaunagar, ii. 380,
381 ; Begam of Bhopal, ii. 403-405 ;
MaharAja of Bikaner, ii. 440 ; Maharao
Raja of Bundi, iii. 158 ; Nawab of
Cambay, iii. 273 ; Raja of Chanchra
or Jessor, iii. 347, 348, vii. 184, 185 ;
Raja of Cochin, iv. 9 ; Rao of Cutch,
iv. 61, 63 ; Maharaja of Darbhangah,
iv. 127, 128 ; Raja of Datia, iv. 156 ;
Maharaja of Deo, iv. 198 ; Raja of
Dhar, iv. 246, 247 ; Rana of Dholpur,
iv. 276, 277 ; Raja Sahib of Dhran-
gadra, iv. 279 ; Maharawal of Dungar-
pur, iv. 324 ; Maharaja of Edar, iv.
337, 338 ;, Rapa of Faridkot, iv. 392,
393 ; Maharaja of Gwalior, v. 230-233 ;
Nizam of Haidarabad, v. 248-252 ;
Raja of Hill Tipperah, v. 396 ;
Maharaja of Indore, vii. 5-7 ; Maharaja
of Jaipur, vii. 55-57 ; Maharawal of
Jaisalmer, vii. 67, 68 ; Nawab of
Janjira, vii. 140, 141 ; Rana of Jhala-
war, vii. 199, 200; Raja of Jind, vii.
232 ; Maharaja of Jodhpur, vii. 240-
243 ; Nawab of Junagarh, vii. 262 ;
Raja of K.apurtiiala, vii. 441-442 ;
Maharaja of Karauli, vii. 473, 474 ;
Maharaja of Kashmir and Jamu, viii.
61, 62 ; Mir of Khairpur, viii. 134,
135 ; Maharaja of Kishangarh, viii.
222, 223 ; Nawab of Kohat, viii. 245 ;
Raja of Kolhapur, viii. 281 - 283 ;
Maharao of Kotah, viii. 304 - 306 ;
Maharaja of Kuch Behar, viii. 319-322 ;
Nawab of Malar Kotla, ix. 254, 255 ;
Raja of Mandi, ix. 297, 298 ; Maharaja
of Mysore, x. 94, 95 ; Raja of Nabha,
X. 125, 126 ; Raja of Nagode, x. 160,
161 ; Jam of Nawanagar, x. 252, 253 ;
Maharaja of Orchha, x. 425, 426 ;
Diwan of Palanpur, x. 540 ; IVIaharaja
of Pauna, xi. 50 ; Maharawal of Part-
abgarh, xi. 76 ; Maharaja of Patiala,
xi. 88-90 ; Maharaja of Patna, xi. 115 ;
Rao of Pol, xi. 195 ; Nawab of Rad-
hanpur, xi. 342, 343 ; Rai of Raikot, xi.
364, 365 ; Nawab of Rajgarh, xi. 386,
387 ; Raja of Rajpipla, xi. 392, 393;
Nawab of Rampur, xi. 455, 456 ; Raja
of Ratlam, xii. I ; Maharaja of Rewa,
xii. 46, 47 ; Nawab of Sachin, xii. 88,
89 ; Raja of Sandur, xii. 207, 208 ;
Chief of Sangli, xii. 218, 219 ; Raja
of Sarangarh, xii. 260 ; Rai Bahadur
of Sawantwari, xii. 297, 298 ; Raja of
Shahpura, xii. 369, 370 ; Raja of
Sirmur, xii. 554 ; Rao of Sirohi, xiii.
3, 4 ; Raja of Sonpur, xiii. 64 ; Ma-
harana of Sunth, xiii. 115 ; Nawab of
Tonk, xiii. 337, 338 ; Maharaja of
Travancore, xiii. 345-347 ; Maharana
of Udaipur, xiii. 403-408 ; Chief of
Vishalgarh, xiii. 481 ; Maharaja of
Vizianagram, xiii. 499-502 ; Rana of
Wao, xiii. 519, 520.
Famine relief expenditure, article 'India,'
vi. 469.
Famines, article ' India,' vi. 539-544 ;
causes of scarcity and of real famine,
vi. 539 ; means of husbanding the
water-supply, vi. 540 ; irrigation area,
vi. 540, 541 ; summary of Indian
famines, vi. 541, 542 ; the great famine
of 1876-78, its causes, vi. 542, 543 ;
famine expenditure, vi. 543 ; mortahty
from disease and starvation, vi. 543,
544 ; famine a weak check on popula-
tion, vi. 544. Local notices — See the
Natural Calamities section under the
several Districts, and especially Agra,
i. 65 ; Ahmadabad, i. 91 ; Ajmere-
Merwara, i. 127, 128 ; Allahabad, i.
191 ; Alwar, i. 205 ; Ambala, i. 222 ;
Amraoti, i. 248 ; Amritsar, i. 261 ;
Anantapur, i. 277, 278 ; North Arcot,
i. 317 ; South Arcot, i. 325 ; Bahraich,
i. 432 ; Balasor, ii. 8 ; Banda, ii. 52 ;
Bankura, ii. 84, 85 ; Bara Banki, ii.
112 ; Bardwan, ii. 132 ; Basti, ii. 212 ;
Bellary, ii. 246, 247 ; Bhagalpur, ii.
349 ; Bijnaur, ii. 433 ; Bombay, iii.
57, 58 ; Budaun, iii. 122 ; Bulandshahr,
iii. 138 ; Champaran, iii. 335, 342 ;
Coimbatore, iv. 19 ; Cuddapah, iv.
53 ; Cuttack, iv. 72 ; Dharwar, iv.
263 ; Etah, iv. 363, 364 ; Etawah, iv.
37i» 376; Faizabad, iv, 386; Fatehpur,
INDEX.
109
iv. 428 ; Ganjam, v. 7 ; Garhwal, v.
22 ; Gaya, v. 50; Gurgaon, v. 221 ;
Hamirpur, v. 303 ; Hissar, v. 431 ;
Huo;li, V. 495 ; Jabalpur, vii. 34 ;
Jalaun, vii. 100; Jaunpur, vii. 157 ;
Jhansi, vii. 224, 225 ; Kaladgi, vii.
318 ; Karnul, viii. 40, 41 ; Kashmir,
viii. ^T, ; Khandesh, viii. 157 ; Klieri,
viii. 195 ; Kistna, viii. 231 ; Kolaba,
viii. 268 ; Kopargaon, viii. 293 ; Lalit-
pur, viii. 455 ; Lucknow, viii. 497,
499 ; Madras, ix. 37-40 ; Madura, ix.
129, 130 ; Mainpuri, ix. 209 ; Mallani,
ix. 261 ; Manbhum, ix. 284; Midnapur,
ix. 430 ; Mirzapur, ix. 459 ; Mongliyr,
ix. 486; Moradabad, ix. 510; Muttra,
X. 49, 50; Mysore, x. 105, 106;
Nadiya, x. 137 ; Nasik, x. 232, 233 ;
Nellore, x. 268 ; N.-W. Provinces, x.
390-392 ; Orissa, x. 463-467 ; Palanpur
Agency, x. 539 ; Patiala, xi. 89 ;
Phaltan, xi. 164 ; Poena, xi. 208 ;
Puri, xi. 307, 308 ; Purniah, xi. 327,
328 ; Rai Bareli, xi. 356 ; Raipur, xi.
374 ; Rajputana, xi. 424 ; Rajshahi,
xi. 435 ; Rohtak, xii. 74i 75 5 Saharan-
pur, xii. 121, 122; Salem, xii. 158,
162, 163 ; Santal Parganas, xii. 233,
234 ; Saran, xii. 256, 257 ; Satara, xii.
281, 282 ; Shahjahanpur, xii. 346, 351,
352 ; Sholapur, xii. 413, 416, 417 ;
Singhbhum, xii. 539 \ Sirohi, xiii. 6 ;
Sirsa, xiii. 11, 17; Sitapur, xiii. 36;
Tinnevelli, xiii. 301, 307; Tirupatur,
xiii. 326 ;■ Twenty-four Parganas, xiii.
396 ; Undo, xiii. 430, 433 ; Wao, xiii.
520.
Famine warnings. See Natural Cala-
mities under the several District articles.
Faradnagar, village in Bengal, iv. 392.
Farah, town in N.-W. Provinces, iv. 392.
Faraizis, sect of Muhammadans, to be
found in Bakarganj, i. 444 ; Bogra,
iii. 28 ; Dacca, iv. %t^ ; Dinajpur, iv.
293 ; Faridpur, their doctrines, iv. 398-
400; Goalpara, v. 1 15; Kamrup, vii.
360; Lakhimpur, viii. 431 ; Maldah,
ix. 243 ; Nadiya, x. 139 ; Noakhali, x.
344 ; Nowgong, x. 410 ; Pabna, x.
4i4> 415 ; Rangpur, xi. 494_;_Sibsagar,
xii. 464; the Sundarbans, xiii. in.
Fardapur, village in the Deccan, iv. 392.
Faria de Souza, Annals, 1581-84, quoted,
on Barkalur, ii. 156 ; the embassy to
Chittagong (1538), iii. 435 ; Martaban,
ix. 350.
Faridabad, town in Punjab, iv. 392.
Faridkot, State in Punjab, iv. 392, 393.
Faridkot, chief town of State in Punjab,
iv. 393.
Faridpur, District in Bengal, iv. 393-407 ;
physical aspects, 394 - 397 ; history,
397> 39S ; population, 398 ; Muham-
madans, 39S-400 ; Hindus, 400 ; Chan-
dais, 400, 401 ; Christian population,
401 ; division of the people into town
and country, 401, 402 ; material con-
dition of the people, 402 ; agriculture,
402, 404 ; natural calamities, 404, 405 ;
manufactures, 405 ; administration, etc.,
405, 406 ; medical aspects, 406, 407.
Faridpur, town and Sub - division in
Bengal, iv. 407.
Faridpur, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces, iv.
407, 408.
Faridpur, village in N.-W. Provinces, iv.
408, 409.
Farms, Government model, Guindy, v.
178; Akola, V. 270; Saidapet, ix. 35,
49, xii. 140 ; Pusa, xi. 334.
Farquhar, Col., cleared Bulandshahr of
mutineers (1857), iii. 134.
Farrah, town in Afghanistan, i. 35.
Farukhabad, District in N.-W. Provinces,
iv. 409-417; physical aspects, 409;
history, 409-411; population, 411, 412 ;
division into town and country, 412,
413 ; agriculture, 413, 414; natural
calamities, 414; commerce and trade,
414, 415; administration, 415, 416;
medical aspects, 416, 417.
Farukhabad, town and tahsil in N.-W.
Provinces, iv. 417.
Farukhnagar, town in Punjab, iv. 417,418.
Farukhsiyyar, Emperor, granted chauth of
Berar to the Marathas (1717), iii. 144 ;
history of his reign (1713-19), v. 257.
Fatehabad, town in Punjab, iv. 418, 419.
Fatehabad, town and tahsil in N.-W.
Provinces, iv. 419.
Fateh Ali Khan Talpur, Mir, first Talpur
Rais of Sind (1783-1801), his history,
xii. 513.
Fatehganj (East), village in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, iv. 419.
Fatehganj (West), village in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, iv. 419, 420.
Fatehgarh, town in N.-W. Provinces, iv.
420, 421.
Fatehgarh, town in Punjab, iv. 421.
Fateh Jang, Nawab of Bengal, invaded
Tipperah (1620) and took the Raja
prisoner, v. 396.
Fatehjang, town and tahsil in Punjab, iv.
421.
Fateh Khan, Governor of Sandwip,
defeated by the Portuguese pirates off
Dakshin Shahbazpur, x. 342.
Fatehkhelda, town in Berar, iv. 422.
Fateh Naik, father of Haidar Ali, first
• distinguished himself at Gandikot, iv.
464 ; Mughal governor of Kolar, viii.
274 ; his tomb at Kolar, viii. 279.
Fateh Panjal, mountain chain in Kashmir,
iv. 422.
Fatehpur, District in N.-W. Provinces,
110
INDEX.
iv. 422-430; physical aspects, 422,
423 ; history, 423-425 ; population, 425,
426 ; division into town and country,
426 ; agricuhure, 426 - 428 ; natural
calamities, 428 ; commerce and trade,
428, 429 ; administration, 429 ; medical
aspects, 429, 430.
Fatehpur, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces, iv.
430-
Fatehpur, town in N.-W. Provinces, iv.
430> 431-
Fatehpur, town, iahsil, and pargand in
Oudh, iv. 431, 432.
Fatehpur, village in Central Provinces,
iv. 432.
Fatehpur, town in Rajputana, iv. 432.
Fatehpur Chaurasi, town a.nd paroami in
Oudh, iv. 432, 433.
Fatehpur Sikii, ta/isl/ in N.-W. Provinces,
iv. 433-
Fatehpur Sikri, town in N.-W. Provinces,
iv. 433-435-
Fattura Raja, at head of Gujars threat-
ened Gangoh, but defeated (1857), iv.
477-
Fatwa, town in Bengal, iv. 435.
Faulmann's BiuA der Schrift, quoted,
article ' India,' vi. 103 (footnote).
Fauna of India, article ' India,' vi. 10.
See also Zoology, vi. 652-62.
Fawcett, Col., commanding in Bundel-
khand campaign, was defeated by
Amir Khan, viii. 363.
Fazilka, town and tahsil in Punjab, iv.
435> 436.
Fazl Ali, notorious bandit in Oudh,
killed Col. Boileau, v. 149.
Fazl Muhammad Khan, mutineer leader,
seized Rahatgarh, but was hanged
(1858), xi. 345, 346.
Fazl-ulla Khan, Haidar AH's general,
took Sadashivgarh (1763), xii. 92.
Felspar, found in the Anamalai Hills, i.
270; Bangalore, ii. 59; Bantwal, ii.
104 ; Bhandara, ii. 360 ; Chengalpat,
iii. 381 ; Chitaldrug, iii. 423 ; Dubraj-
pur, iv. 418 ; Gooty, v. 160 ; Hassan,
V. 346 ; Hindu Kush, v. 417 ; Jabal-
pur, vii. 30; Khandesh, viii. 151;
Kolar, viii. 273 ; Madras Presidency,
ix. 4 ; Madura, ix. 121 ; Mahendragiri,
ix. 172 ; Monghyr, ix. 480 ; Mysore,
X. 91, 92 ; Palni Mountains, xi.
Felt, made in Afghanistan, 1. 39 ; at
Bahraich, i. 432 ; Balrampur, ii. 26 ;
Bhera, ii. 386, xii. 366 ; Jarwal, vii.
144 ; Kandahar, vii. 391 ; Kolhapur,
viii. 284.
Female education, article ' India,' vi.
478, 479-
Females, Proportion of. See Population
section in each District article.
Ferce Naturae. See Animals, wild, and
Zoology.
Ferdousi, Persian poet and historian in
the days of Mahmud of Ghazni, article
'India,' vi. 275.
Fergusson, Mr. James, Paper in the
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society
for April 1880, quoted, article * India,'
vi. 147 (footnote) ; Tree and Serpent
Worship, quoted, vi. 185 (footnote 4),
204 (footnote i) ; History of Architec-
ture, vi. 304 (footnotes). Local notices
— His works quoted, on Mount Abu,
i. 9-12 ; Agra, i. 71 ; Ahmadabad, i.
98; Ajanta, i. 114- 116; Amber, i.
228, 229 ; Amiavati, i. 252 ; Bhilsa,
ii- 393. 394 ; Bijapur, ii. 425 ; the
palace at Delhi, iv. 186, 187 ;
Elephanta, iv. 343 ; Ellora, iv. 349,
350 ; Gaur, v. 40 ; Girnar, v. 86 ;
Gwalior, v. 234, 235 ; Halebid, v.
295 ; Jambukeswaram, vii. 120 ;
Kanarak, vii. 385 ; Karli, viii. 13-16 ;
Lucknow, viii. 507, 511 ; Madura, ix.
133; Mahabalipur, ix. 145-147; Pali-
tana, xi. 8 - 10 ; Panduah, xi. 42 ;
Rajamahendri, xi. 382 ; Rameswaram,
xi. 443-445 ; Salsette, xii. 169, 170 ;
Sanchi, xii. 195, 196 ; Akbar's tomb at
Sikandra, xii. 481 ; Srirangam, xiii.
80, 81 ; Swatch of No-Ground, xiii.
143 ; Tanjore, xiii. 195, 196 ; Tinne-
velli, xiii. 312.
Ferishta. See Firishta.
Fernandez, Francis, his use of the word
Bengal, ii. 270.
Ferokh, deserted town in Madras, iv. 436.
Ferozabad. See Firozahad.
Ferozabad, pargand in Oudh. See Firoz-
abad.
Ferozepur. See Firozpur.
Ferozeshah. See Firozshah.
Ferrier, quoted, on Afghanistan, i. 35,
36, 38 ; the Koh-i-Baba, i. 54 ; his
estimate of the population of Herat, v.
391 ; of Kandahar, vii. 390.
Ferries, across the Swat at Abazai, i. 2 ;
across the Adjai at Sankhai, i. 25 ;
across the Ganges, Tons, and Belan in
Allahabad, i. 185 ; across the Beas
and Ravi in Amritsar, i. 254, and the
Sutlej, i. 262 ; across the Sonar at
Aslana, i. 340 ; across the Gogra and
Rapti in Bahraich, i. 432 ; across the
Rapti at Balrampur, ii. 26 ; at Bansi,
ii. loi, and in Basti, ii. 213 ; across
the Beas, ii. 221 ; across the Tunga-
bhadra in Bellary, ii. 247 ; across the
Kistna at Bezwada, ii. 336 ; across the
Dalani at Bijni, ii. 437 ; across the
Sutlej at Bilaspur, ii. 454 ; across the
Chambal, iii. 331 ; across the Indus at
Kureshi, iv. 216 ; across the Narbada
INDEX.
Ill
at Khal, iv. 246 ; in Dholpur, iv. 273 ;
across the Brahmaputra at Dhubri, iv.
280 ; across the Jumna and Chambal
in Etawah, iv. 369 ; across the Gogra
in Faizabad, iv. 384 ; across the Ganges
at Fatehgarh, iv. 415 ; across the
Ganges at Garhmukhtesar, v. 16; across
the Indus at Gidu-jo-Tando (steam),
V. 77, 287; across the Gogra, v. 139 ;
across the Giimti (Oudh), v. 200 ;
across the Gumti (Bengal), v. 201 ;
across the Beasand Ravi in Gurdaspur,
V. 207 ; in Haidarabad (Sind), v. 282 ;
across the Sutlej and Beas in Hoshiar-
pur, V. 451, 452 ; across the Indus at
Hasain Beli, v. 503 ; across the Sai
at Parshadepur, vii. 65 ; across the
Brahmaputra at Jamalpur, vii. 1 19;
in Janjira, vii. 140 ; across the Parwan,
Newaj, Kali Sind, Ai'i, and Chhota
Kali Sind in Jhalawar, vii. 198 ; across
the Jehlam and Chenab in Jhang, vii.
211 ; across the Ganges at Jhusi, vii.
231 ; across the Kabul, vii. 276, 277 ;
across the Mahi in Kaira, vii. 306 ;
across the Kalang at Raha, vii. 323,
xi. 345 ; across the Jumna at Kalpi,
vii. 343 ; across the Ulhas at Kalyan,
vii. 346 ; across the Ganges at Kamar-
ud-din-nagar, vii. 351 ; across the
Godavari at Kapileswarapuram, vii.
440; between Bombay and Mora in
Karanja (steam), vii. 467 ; across the
Damodar at Kasha, viii. 59 ; across
the Indus in Khairpur, viii. 136 ; in
Kheri, viii. 190 ; across the Kistna,
viii. 236 ; across the Amba at" Kolad,
viii. 269 ; between Bombay, Revas,
and Dharambar, viii. 269 ; across the
Chambal at Kotah, viii. 308 ; across
the Indus at Kotri, viii. 315 ; across
the Indus in Larkhana, viii. 464 ;
across the Gumti in Lucknow, viii.
500 ; across the Manas, ix. 276 ; across
the Narbada at Mandelsar, ix. 308 ;
across the Jiri into Manipur, ix. 325;
across the Maskhal channel, ix. 351 ;
Maung-daw, ix. 373 ; across the Jehlam
at Miani, ix. 378 ; across the Indus
and Nara in ]\Iehar, ix. 397 ; across
the Kabul at Michni, ix. 423 ; across
the Sutlej in Montgomerj', ix. 500 ;
across the Kori creek at Mughalbhin,
ix. 528 ; across the Sutlej in Miiltan,
x. 9 ; across tiie Jehlam and Kishen
Ganga at Muzaffarabad, x. 54 ; across
the Brahmaputra at Nasirabad,x. 237 ;
across the Indus at Naushahro, x. 244;
across the Chauka and Sarja in
Kighasan, x. 299 ; in Noakhali, x.
340 ; across the Irawadi at Pa-daung,
x. 524 ; across the Ganges, Giimii, and
Sai in Partabgarh, xi. 72 ; across the
Indus, Swat, and Kabul in Peshawar,
xi. 155 ; across the Sarda at Sherpur,
and Jatpura, xi. 171 ; across the Sai in
Rai Bareli, xi. 352 ; across the Jumna
at RajapuriN.-W. P.),xi. 386 ; across
the Ganges at Rajghat, xi. 388 ; across
the Tista at Kaunia in Rangpur (steam),
xi. 499 ; across the Indus at Rohri
(steam), xii. 67 ; across the Ganges at
Salkhia (steam), xii. 167 ; across the
Indus in Sehwan, xii. 305 ; across the
Ganges at Shahzadpur, xii. 371 ; across
the Ganges at .Sirsa, xiii. 21 ; across
the Subansiri, xiii. 84 ; across the
Indus at Sukkur (steam), xiii. 92;
across the Tapti at Mandvi and Surat,
xiii. 117 ; between Surat, Gogo, and
Bhaunagar (steam), xiii. 129 ; in Tando
Muhammad Khan, xiii. 178 ; across
the Tons at Maihar, xiii. 339 ; across
theBhagirathiat Uddhanpur, xiii. 415 ;
across the Hugh at Ulubaria, xiii. 419 ;
across the Beas at Vairowal, xiii. 461 ;
at Vizagapatam, xiii. 498.
Festivals, Religious, held at Ahiyari, i.
82 ; Ajmere, i. 132 ; Alawakhawa, i.
164 ; Allahabad, i. 199 ; Ambiilapali,
i. 230 ; Anamasudrapet, i. 272 ; Anan-
tapur, i. 280 ; Antravedi, i. 294 ;
Anupshahr, i. 295 ; Ariapad, i. 330 ;
Athirala, i. 377 ; Avani, i. 390 ;
Bachireddipalem, i. 406 ; Badrinath,
i. 411 ; Badrpur, i. 411 ; Bahraich, i.
435 ; Baikanthpur, i. 437 ; Bairam
Ghat, i. 437 ; Baitarani river, i. 438 ;
Ballabhpur in honouir of Jagannath, ii.
17 ; Ballia, ii. 23 ; Batesar, ii. 216 ;
Bausi, ii. 217 ; Bechraji, ii. 222 ;
Belgaum, ii. 237, 238 ; Beliir, ii. 252 ;
Bhimaveram, ii. 396 ; Bhiri, ii. 339 ;
Birnagar, iii. 13 ; Bithtir, ii. 20 ;
Chakultor, iii. 326 ; Chhipia, iii. 404 ;
Chilambaram, iii. 413 ; Chitarkot, iii.
429 ; Chunchangiri, iii. 459 ; Chun-
chankatta, iii. 459 ; in Cochin, iv.
8 ; Comorin, iv. 25 ; Conjevaram,
iv. 26 ; in Cuddapah, iv. 54 ; Dakor,
iv. 69 ; Kundalpur and Bandakpur
in Damoh, iv. 112; Debi Patan,
iv. 164 ; Deo, iv. 198 ; Deoband,
iv. 199 ; Deulgaon Raja, iv. 230,
231 ; Devaraydurga, iv. 232; Dholpur,
iv. 278 ; Doharighat, iv. 312 ; Ele-
phanta, iv. 343, 344 ; in Etah, iv.
364; Fatwa, iv. 435; Ganjam (Mysore),
V. 9 ; Garhdiwala, v. 14 ; Garhmukh-
tesar, V. 16 ; Gohana, v. 141 ; Gold,
V. 143 ; Gosainganj, v. 174 ; Dhonkal
in Gujranwala, v. 185 ; Hampi, v.
308 ; in Hardoi, v. 325, 326 ; Hard-
war, v. 333, 334 ; Hargam, v. 335 ;
Harha, v. 336 ; Herumalu, v. 393 ;
Hoskot, V. 459 ; Jajniau, vii. 72, 73 ;
112
INDEX.
Jewalamukhi, vii. 162 ; Katas and
Clioya Saidan Shah in Jehlam, vii.
175 ; Kalahasti, vii. 321 ; Kah'ghat,
vii. 326 ; Kamakhya, vii. 349 ; Kapil-
muni, vii. 441 ; Karanbas, vii. 465 ;
Karigatta, viii. 9 ; Kazipara, viii. 108 ;
Kotaha, viii. 308 ; Kotappakonda, viii.
309 ; Kundada-betta, viii. 363 ; Lahar-
pur, viii. 401 ; Madheswaranmalai,
viii. 541 ; Mahaban, ix. 152 ; Maha-
muni, ix. 155, 156; Mahesh, ix. 172;
Mathura, ix. 365 ; Melukote, ix. 404 ;
Mudak-dor, ix. 525 ; Muktsar, ix.
534 ; Murshidabad, x. 35 ; Nadiya,
x. 141, 142 ; Nagar, x. 155 ; Nan-daw,
x. 189 ; Nanjangad, x. 196 ; Nayakan-
hatti, X. 257 ; Puri, x. 448, 449, xi.
316, 317; Pakpattan, x. 532, _ 533 ;
Pandharpur, xi. 37 ; Panduah, xi. 42 ;
Patna, xi. no; Pendhat, xi. 132;
Premtoli, xi. 224 ; in Prome, xi. 231 ;
Rupar, xii. 83 ; Sadullapur, xii. 97 ;
Sagar Island, xii. 109, no; St.
Thomas' Mount, xii. 143 ; Sakray-
patna, xii. 148 ; Sandiir, xii. 209 ;
Sankarkati, xii. 222 ; Santipur, xii.
247 ; Sathan, xii. 286 ; Saurath, xii.
291, 292 ; Sharretalai, xii. 377 ; Shibi,
xii. 385 ; Shikarpur (Mysore), xii.
397 ; Shinmut-ti, xii. 407 ; Shwe-
Dagon, xii. 427 ; Shwe-nat-taung, xii.
437 ; Shwe-san-daw, xii. 439 ; • Siddh-
eswar, xii. 474 ; Sitaki'md, xiii. 25 ;
Sonda, xiii. 60 ; Sringeri, xiii. 79 ;
Srirangam, xiii. 82 ; Sylhet, xiii. 157 ;
in Tanjore, xiii. 187 ; Tarakeswar,
xiii. 211, 212; Thaneswar, xiii. 260;
Tirumale, xiii. 325 ; Tirumurtikovil,
xiii. 325 ; Tirupati, xiii. 326 ; Tirutani,
xiii. 327 ; Tiruvannamalai, xiii. 329 ;
Tribeni, xiii. 353, 354 ; Trichinopoli,
xiii. 364 ; Trimbak, xiii. 366 ; in Tum-
kur, xiii. 379; Ulvi, xiii. 419; Upmaka,
xiii. 438 ; Urmar, xiii. 452 ; Vanarasi,
xiii. 463 ; Vijayanagar, ^ xiii. 473 ;
Waigaon, xiii. 510; Yediyur, xiii. 551.
6>falso Bathing Festivals, Car Festivals,
and Fairs, generally associated with
religious festivals.
Fetish worship in Hinduism, article
' India,' vi. 205, 206.
Feudatory India, the thirteen groups of
Native States, article ' India,' vi. 43 ;
population, vi. 45. See also tre several
Native States in their alphabetical
order, and Native States over 50,000
inhabitants.
Fevers, in Afghanistan, i. 38 ; Ahmad-
nagar, i. 107 ; Ajmere, i. 131 ; Akola,
i. 146; Aligarh, i. 177; Ambala, i.
224 ; Amherst, i. 243 ; Amraoti, i
250 ; Amritsar, i. 263 ; Anantapur, i.
279 ; Andaman Islands, i. 286 ;
Arakan Hill Tracts, i. 304 ; North
Arcot, i. 319 ; South Arcot, i. 328 ;
Assam, i. 373 ; Azamgarh, i. 400 ;
Baliraicli, i. 433 ; Bakarganj, i. 449 ;
Balaghat, i. 457 ; Banda, ii. 54 ;
Bangalore, ii. 65 ; Bankura, ii. 86 ;
Bannu, ii. 97 ; Banswara, ii. 102 ;
Bara Banki, ii. 114 ; Bardwan, ii. 135,
136 ; Basim, ii. 188 ; Bassein, ii. 201 ;
Bastar, ii. 207; Basti, ii. 214 ; Belgaum,
ii. 237; Bellary, ii. 249 ; Betul, ii. 333 ;
Bhagalpur, ii. 351 ; Bhandara, ii. 367 ;
Bhaunagar, ii. 380 ; Bijnaur, ii. 435 ;
Bilaspur, ii. 453; Birbhum, iii. 11;
Bogra, iii. 32 ; Bombay Presidency, iii.
72, 73 ; Bombay city, iii. 84 ; BuJand-
shahr, iii. 140 ; Buldana, iii. 148 ;
Lower Burma, iii. 208 ; Cachar, iii.
239 ; Calcutta, iii. 260 ; Champaran, iii.
344 ; Chanda, iii. 355 ; Chhindwara,
iii. 403 ; Chitaldrug, iii. 428 ; Chitta-
gong, iii. 443 ; Cochin, iv. 10 ; Coorg,
iv. 42 ; Cuddapah, iv. 55 ; Cutch, iv.
64 ; Cuttack, iv. 72 ; Dacca, iv. 88 ;
Damoh, iv. 113; Darbhangah, iv.
125 ; Darjihng, iv. 139 ; Darrang, iv.
150 ; Delhi, iv. 185 ; Deodar, iv. 200 ;
Dera Ghazi Khan, iv. 217 ; Dera
Ismail Khan, iv. 226 ; Dhar, iv. 246 ;
Dharampur, iv. 249 ; Dinajpur, iv.
297, 298 : Ellichpur, iv. 347 ; Etah,
iv. 366 ; Etawah, iv. 377 ; P'aizabad,
iv. 385 ; Faridpur, iv. 406 ; Farukha-
bad, iv. 416 ; Farukhnagar, iv. 418 ;
Firozpur, iv. 446 ; Ganjam, v. 9 ;
Garhwal, v. 23 ; Garo Hills, v. 32 ;
Goalpara, v. 120 ; Godavari, v. 130 ;
Gonda, v. 154; Gujranwala, v. 186;
Gurgaon, v. 223 ; Berar, v. 261 ;
Haidarabad (Sind), v. 285; Hamirpur,
V. 305 ; Hanthawadi, v. 318 ; Hardoi,
V. 328 ; Hassan, v. 351 ; Hazara, v.
368 ; Hazaribagh, v. 380 ; Hill Tip-
perah, v. 401 ; Hissar, v. 433 ; Hosh-
angdbad, v. 448 ; Hoshiarpur, v. 457 ;
Hugh, v. 498 ; Jabalpur, vii. 36 ;
Jaisalmer, vii. 66 ; Jalalabad, vii. 75 ;
Jalandhar, vii. 90 ; Jalaun, vii. 102 ;
Jalpaiguri, vii. 117; Janjira, vii. 139;
Jaunpur, vii. 159; Jehlam, vii. 176;
Jessor, vii. 191 ; jhang, vii. 212 ;
Jhanjhana, vii. 214 ; Jhansi, vii. 227 ;
Jodhpur, vii. 239 ; Junagarh, vii. 261 ;
Kadur, vii. 288 ; Kaira, vii. 307 ;
Kaladgi, vii. 320 ; Kamrup, vii. 365 ;
North Kanara, vii. 374 ; South Kanara,
vii- ,383, 384; Kangra, vii. 327;
Karachi, vii. 451 ; Karauli, vii. 473 ;
Karnal, viii. 27 ; Karnul, viii. 44, 45 ;
Kashmir, viii. 76 ; Khairpur, viii. 137 ;
Khandesh, viii. 159 ; Kharkhanda,
viii. 168 ; Khasi Hills, viii. 180 ;
Kherij viii. 197 ; Khulna, viii. 209 ;
INDEX.
113
Kohat, viii. 249 ; Kolhapur, viii. 285 ;
Kollamalai Hills, viii. 286 ; Kotah,
viii. 307 ; Kuch Behar, viii. 327 ;
Ki'ilu, viii. 344 ; Kumaun, viii. 357,
358 ; Kyauk-pyu, viii. 389 ; Lahore,
viii. 413 ; Lakhimpur, viii. 437 ;
Lalitpur, viii. 457 ; Larkhana, viii.
465 ; Lathi, viii. 467 ; Lohardaga, viii.
486 ; Lucknow, viii. 501 ; Ludhiana,
viii. 525 ; Madras Presidency, ix. 79,
80; Madura, ix. 132; Maimansingh,
ix. 201 ; Mainpuri, ix. 211 ; Malabar,
ix. 234 ; Maldah, ix. 248 ; Maldive
Islands, ix. 252 ; Manbhum, ix. 286 ;
Mandalay, ix. 291 ; Mandla, ix. 307 ;
Mawana, ix. 376 ; Meerut, ix. 391 ;
Mehar, ix. 397 ; Melagiri Hills, ix.
402; Mergui, ix. 41 1 ; Midnapur,
ix. 433 ; Montgomery, ix. 501 ;
Mudhol, ix. 527 ; Muharamadpur, ix.
532 ; Multan, x. lO ; Murshidabad,
X. 24, 31 ; Muzaffargarh, x. 64; Muz-
afifarnagar, x. 76, 77 ; Mysore State, x.
113; Mysore District, x. 121 ; Nadiya,
X. 140; Nagpur, X. 172; Narsinghpur,
X. 223 ; Nasik, x. 235 ; Nellore, x.
271 ; Nicobar Islands, x. 298 ; Nimar,
X. 335; Noakhali, x. 352; N.-W.
Provinces, x. 404; Nowgong, x. 415 ;
Pabna, x. 520 ; Palanpur, x. 539 ;
Panch Mahals, xi. 34 ; Partabgarh, xi.
74 ; Patna, xi. 105 ; Peshawar city,
xi. 157, cantonment, xi. 161 ; Pilibhit,
xi. 178; Poona, xi. 210; Punjab, xi.
292; Puri, xi. 309; Purniah, xi. 331,
332 ; Radhanpur, xi. 342 ; Rai Bareli,
xi. 359 ; Raigarh, xi. 363 ; Raipur, xi.
376 ; Rajkot, xi. 389 ; Rajpipla, xi.
392 ; Rajshahi, xi. 438 ; Rampa, xi.
454 ; Rampur, xi. 457 ; Rangamati,
xi. 470; Rangoon, xi. 481; Rangpur,
xi. 492, 500, 501 ; Ratnagiri, xii. 12 ;
Rawal Pindi, xii. 35 ; Rohtak, xii.
76 ; Rurki, xii. 86 ; Sagar, xii. 107 ;
Saharanpur, xii. 123 ; Salem, xii. 165 ;
Sambalpur, xii. 184 ; Sandoway, xii.
204 ; Sangli, xii. 218 ; Santal Parganas,
xii. 234, 236 ; Santalpur-with-Chad-
chat, xii. 247 ; Saran, xii. 258, 259 ;
Sarangarh, xii. 260 ; Secunderabad,
xii. 303 ; Seoni, xii. 314 ; Shahabad,
xii. 333 ; Shahjahanpur, xii. 352, 354 ;
Shahpur, xii. 367 ; Shevaroy Hills, xii.
385 ; Shikarpur, xii. 394 ; Shimoga,
xii. 405; Sholapur, xii. 419, 420;
Shwe-gyin, xii. 434 ; Sialkot, xii.
449, 450; Sibsagar, xii. 471 ; Sikkim,
xii. 488 ; Sind, xii. 525 ; Singhbhiim,
xii. 540 ; Sirohi, xiii. 7 ; Sirsa, xiii.
19 ; Sitapur, xiii. 37 ; Sultanpur, xiii.
103 ; Surat, xiii. 131 ; Sylhet, xiii.
156; Tanjore, xiii. 194; Tarai, xiii.
211 ; Terwara, xiii. 243 ; Thana, xiii.
VOL. XIV.
258; Thar and Parkar, xiii. 271;
Tipperah, xiii. 321 ; Travancore, xiii.
353 ; Tumkur, xiii. 381 ; Tura, xiii.
384 ; Twenty-four Parganas, xiii. 399 ;
Unao, xiii. 430, 435 ; Upper Sind
Frontier, xiii. 449 ; Vypur, xiii. 479 ;
Vizagapatam, xiii. 497; Wadhwan, xiii.
506 ; the Wainad, xiii. 510 ; Wankaner,
xiii. 518; Wao, xiii. 519; Warahi,
xiii. 521 ; Wardha, xiii. 528 ; Wun,
xiii. 545 ; Yerkad, xiii. 556.
Fibres. See Cotton, Flax, Hemp, Jute,
and Silk.
Filatures. See Silk-weaving.
Filigree-work, made at Benares, ii. 266 ;
267; Cuttack, iv. 75; Delhi, iv. 197;
Trichinopoli, ix. 54, xiii. 361, 365.
Final Struggles of the F>xnch m India, by
Col. Malleson, quoted, article ' India,'
vi. 379 (footnote).
Finances and taxation of India, obscuri-
ties and changes in system of account,
article ' India,' vi. 457-465 ; taxation
of British India, 459-461 ; taxation
under the Mughals and under the
British, 462, 463 ; taxation in Native
States, 464 ; incidence of taxation in
British India, 464, 465.
Fingeswar. See Phingeswar.
Fire, destructive, in Surat (1837), xiii.
.133-
Fire-arms, matchlocks, etc.. Manufacture
of, at Khelat, ii. 36 ; Nagina, ii. 434,
x. 160; Cochin, iv. 7? Dhampur,
iv. 241 ; Kashmir, viii. 74 ; Khairpur,
viii. 137; Khambalia, viii. 142; Kohat,
viii. 250 ; Kurwai, viii. 378 ; Ludhiana,
viii. 523 ; Monghyr, ix. 487 ; Najib-
abad, x. 199.
Fire-works, Manufacture of, at Jarwal,
vii. 144.
Firinghi Bazar, village in Bengal, iv.
.436,. 437.
Firingipet. See Porto Novo.
Firinghis, or half-caste Portuguese,
numerous in Chittagong, iii. 438 ;
Dacca, iv. 83 ; South Kanara, vii.
.379- ,
Firishta's ^/j« of the Mtihanimadan Power
in India, Colonel Briggs' translation,
quoted, article ' India,' vi. 271 (foot-
note); 287 (footnote 2); 291 (footnotes);
also on Adoni, i. 26 ; Ahmadabad, i.
94 ; Alwar, i. 206 ; Asirgarh, i. 339 ;
Betul, ii. 329 ; Bhartpur, ii. 372 ;
Biana, ii. 418; Bijapur, ii. 423; the
meeting of the Chandel Raja and
Mahmud of Ghazni, iii. 154; Asa the
Ahir, iii. 301 ; Coorg, iv. 29 ; Daulat-
abad, iv. 159; Kalinjar, vii. 332;
Kandwa, viii. 162 ; Malwa, ix. 267 ;
Nizampatam, x. 338 ; the invasion of
Sabukktigin, xi. 261 ; the Ghakkars of
H
114
INDEX.
Ravval Pindi, xii. 23 ; the Baluchis of
Sibi, xii. 457.
Firozabad, town and tahsil in N.-\V.
Provinces, iv. 437.
Firozabad, pargand in Oudh, iv. 437,
.438.
Firozpur, District in Punjab, iv. 43S-
447; physical aspects, 43S-440 ; history,
440, 441 ; population, 441-443 ; con-
dition of the people, 443 ; agriculture,
443, 444 ; natural calamities, 445 ;
commerce and trade, 455 ; administra-
tion, 445, 446 ; medical aspects, 447.
Firozpur, town and tahsil in Firozpur
District, Punjab, iv. 447, 448.
Firozpur, town and tahsil in Gurgaon
District, Punjab, iv. 448, 449.
Firozshah, battle-field in Punjab, iv. 449;
battle of, article ' India,' vi. 411.
Firoz Shah Tughlak, the third king of the
Tughlak dynasty (1351-8S), his canals
and public works, article 'India,' vi.
285. Local notices — Granted lands in
Bahraich to Bariah Sah, i. 427 ; trans-
ferred Delhi to Firozabad, where he
built a great palace, iv. 192 ; built
mosque at Dipalpur, iv. 304 ; founded
Fatehabad, iv. 418; founded Hissar,
and built first Jumna canal to supply
it with water, v. 426, 434, 438, vii.
258; founded Jaunpur, vii. 152, 159;
plundered temple of Kangra, vii. 414 ;
built fort of Khanigarh, viii. 131 ;
founded Laharpur, viii. 401 ; invaded
and plundered Rohilkhand, ix. 505 ;
invaded Sind, xii. 510; built fort of
Surat to keep out the Bhils, xiii.
120.
Firoz Shah, mutineer leader, retired to
Bareilly on the fall of Lucknow, ii. 140;
fled through Cawnpur, iii. 283 ;
plundered Etawah, but defeated at
Harchandpur, iv. 372 ; driven out of
Fatehgarh, iv. 411.
First Buddhist Council (543 B.C.), article
' India,' vi. 143.
Fisher, Colonel, commanding at Sultan-
pur, murdered there (1857), xiii. 98.
Fisheries, Adrampet, i. 27; South Arcot,
i. 326 ; Bakarganj, i. 440, 442 ; Bard-
wan, ii. 126; Bassein, ii. 198; Lower
Burma, iii. 199 ; Chengalpat, iii. 387 ;
Chittagong, iii. 434 ; Cochin, iv. 4, 5 ;
Dacca, iv. 79, 80 ; Daman, iv. 103 ;
Diu, iv. 306; Doung-gyi, iv. 315;
Eng-rai-gyi, iv. 353, 354,^ vii. 18;
Faridpur, iv. 396 ; Ganjam, v. 2 ;
Godavari, v. 123 ; Haidarabad (Sind),
V. 284, 285 ; Jerruck, vii. 180, 181 ;
Jessor, vii. 186; Karachi, vii. 449, 450 ;
Karnul, viii. 36 ; Khulna, viii. 206 ;
Koldba, viii. 262 ; Malabar, ix. 220 ;
Maldive Islands, ix. 251 ; Lake Manch-
har, ix. 287 ; Ma-ubin, ix. 370 ; Mon-
ghyr, ix. 481 ; Moradabad, ix. 505 ;
Nadiya, x. 130; Nawanagar, x. 252;
Noakhali, x. 340 ; Puri, xi. 301 ; Raj-
shahi, xi. 429 ; Rangoon, xi. 480 ;
Rangpur, xi. 490 ; Ratnagiri, xii.
4, 12, 13 ; Rayak, xii. 40; Salem, xii.
152 ; Sibsagar, xii. 460; Siju, xii. 477;
Sind, xii. 507 ; the Sundarbans, xiii.
112; Surat, xiii. 120; Sylhet, xiii. 145 ;
Thai, xiii. 247 ; .Thana, xiii. 251 ;
Thar and Parkar, xiii, 364 ; Tharawadi,
xiii. 272.
Fishes of India, article ' India,' vi. 661,
662. Local 7iotices — Varieties of fish
described in the Andaman Islands,
i. 282 ; South Arcot, i. 321 ; Upper
Burma, iii. 212; Darbhangah, iv. 123;
Faridpur, iv. 396 ; the Indus, vii. 14 ;
Lake In-yeh-gyl, vii. 18 ; Kadiir, vii.
283 ; Karnul, viii. 36 ; Kolaba, viii.
262 ; Lahore, viii. 405 ; Ldlitpur,
viii. 448; Lohardaga, viii. 477; Madras
Presidency, ix. 96, 97 ; Lake Manch-
har, ix. 287 ; Muzafifargarh, x. 58 ;
Nadiya, x. 130; Nicobar Islands, x.
295 ; Peshawar, xi. 147 ; Ratnagiri,
xii. 4, 5 ; Saharanpur, xii. 115 ; Sind,
xii. 507 ; Lake Taroba, xiii. 215 ;
Tavoy, xiii. 229 ; Thar and Parkar,
xiii. 264 ; Twenty-four Parganas, xiii.
Fish-curing, pursued atGoalanda, v. iii;
Ratnagiri, xii. 4, 5.
Fish trade, Centres of, Adrampet, i. 27 ;
Cochin, iv. 4, 5; Goalanda, v. Ill ;
Ratnagiri, xii. 12, 13.
Fitch, Newberry, and Leedes, the first
English traders in India (1583), article
' India,' vi. 364.
Fitch, Ralph, quoted, in Bassein (Burma),
ii. 195 ; Cochin, iv. 12 ; and Mergui,
ix. 408.
Flax, Cultivation of, in Allahabad, i. 184;
Amritsar, i. 259 ; Bankura, ii. 83 ;
Bellary, ii. 245 ; Chittagong, iii. 439 ;
Cochin, iv. 5; Coimbatore, iv. 18;
Gaya, v. 49 ; Hazaribagh, v. 175 ;
Kashmir, viii. 71 ; Kistna, viii. 230 ;
Kumaun, viii. 354 ; Manpur, ix. 339 ;
Midnapur, ix. 429 ; Nadiya, x. 135 ;
Puri, xi. 306 ; Santal Parganas, xii.
232 ; Saran, xii. 255 ; Tipperah, xiii.
317-
Flaxman, his statue of Cornwallis at
Ghazipur, v. 71.
Fleury, M.,with detachment of Marathas
surprised British force at Shikohabad
(1802), xii. 398.
Flint, Captain, his defence of Tiagar
against Tipu Sultan (1790), xiii. 293;
of Wandiwash against Haidar Ali
(1780-85), xiii. 518.
INDEX.
"5
Flint weapons of ancient India, article
'India,' vi. 53.
Floating gardens, The, of Kashmir, viii.
72 ; at Srinagar, xiii. 77.
Floods. See Natural Calamities section
under the several Districts, and espe-
cially Ahmadabad, i. 91 ; Alwar, i. 205 ;
South Arcot, i. 325 ; Azamgarh, i. 399 ;
Bakarganj, i. 446 ; Balasorj ii. 7, 8 ;
Bara Banki, ii. 112; Bardwan, ii. 132 ;
Bellary, ii. 246, 247 ; Badgarh, ii.
338; Budaun, iii. 121 ; Champaran,
iii. 342 ; Chanda, iii. 353 ; Chitta-
gong, iii. 440 ; Cuddapah, iv. 53 ;
Cuttack, iv. 72 ; of the Damodar,
iv. 106, 107 ; of the Daya, iv. 163 ; in
Dera Ghazi Khan, iv. 209, 218 ; Dera
Ismail Khan, iv. 227 ; Dera Nanak,
iv. 228 ; Dhulia, iv. 281 ; Faridpur,
iv, 404 ; Fatehpur, iv. 428 ; Garhwal,
v. 21 ; Godavari, v. 130, 131 ; of the
Indus, vii. 15 ; the Irawadi, vii. 22 ;
in Jaunpur, vii. 157; Jessor, vii. 188;
Jhansi, vii. 224, 225 ; at Kamar-ud-
din-nagar, vii. 351; Karnul, viii. 40;
Kashmor, viii. 79 ; Khandesh, viii.
157; Kheri, viii. 195; Khulna, viii.
208 ; Kolaba, viii. 269 ; Larkhana,
viii. 464 ; Limri, viii. 472 ; Machhli-
shahr, viii. 534 ; Madahpura, viii. 536;
of the jNIahanadi, ix. 158; in Maldah,
ix. 245 ; Manbhum, ix. 278 ; Mehar,
ix. 397 ; Midnapur, ix. 430 ; IMorad-
abad, ix. 510; Murshidabad, x. 21;
Muzaffargarh, x. 56, 57, 65 ; MuzafTar-
nagar, x. 74 ; Muzaifarpur, x. S3 ;
Nadiya, x. 137 ; Narsinghpur, x. 218 ;
Nasik, x. 233 ; Nellore, x. 268 ;
Noakhali, x. 349, 350 ; Orissa, x. 462 ;
Patna, xi. loi ; Puri, xi. 300, 307 ;
Purniah, xi. 327 ; Rajshahi, xi. 435 ;
Rampur Beauleah, xi. 462 ; Rangoon,
xi. 479 ; Rangpur, xi. 498 ; Rawal
Pindi, xii. 20, 21 ; Rewari, xii. 55 ;
Rohri, xii. 65 ; Salem, xii. 162 ; Saran,
xii. 252, 256; Shahabad, xii. 331;
Shikarpur, xii. 393 ; Shirpur, xii. 408 ;
Shwe-gyin, xii. 435 ; of the Silai, xii.
488 ; of the Sipra, xii. 545 ; Sitapur,
xiii. 36 ; of the Son, xiii. 53 ; of the
Subansiri, xiii. 84; in Surat, xiii. 1 19,
120, 123; Suti, xiii. 141 ; of the Swat,
xiii. 142; in Sylhet, xiii. 152, 153;
at Tambam, xiii. 169; of the Tapti,
xiii. 204, 205 ; in Tinnevelli, xiii. 307 ;
Tipperah, xiii. 319; of the Tista, xiii.
33 1 5 332-334 ; in the Twenty-four Par-
ganas, xiii. 396.
Flora, of India, article ' India,' vi. 662-664 '■>
of Aladras, ix. 81-87.
Floris, Peter, his journal of the voyage
to India (1611), recently published,
ix. 353-
Flour-mills, Steam, at Cawnpur, iii. 292;
Howrah, v. 465; Rawal Pindi, xii. 21;
Sibpur, xii. 45S.
Flowers, grown and exported, from Vel-
lore, xiii. 469.
Floyd, Sir John, took Satyamangalam
(1790), and fought battle with Tipu
Sultan there, xii. 291.
Floyer, Charles, Governor of Madras
(1747-50), ix. 67.
Foley, his statue of Outram at Calcutta,
iii. 250.
Fonseca, Jose Nicolau da, drew up the
account of G oafor the Imperial Gazetteer,
v. 88-106.
Food, of the Andamanese, i. 285 ; of the
Baliichis, ii. 38; of the Korachavandlu,
ii. 244; of tire hill Bhils, ii. 390; of
the Bhutias, ii. 413 ; of the Deori
Chutiyas, iii. 467 ; of the Garos, v. 29 ;
of the Juangs, vii. 251; of the Siah-
posh Kafirs, vii. 292 ; in Kamrup, vii.
361; in Kangra, vii. 419, 420; of the
Khasis, viii. 1 76 ; of the Kols, viii.
258 ; of the Kotas, viii. 301 ; of the
Ladakhis, viii. 398 ; of the Naikdas, x.
177; of the Chenchus, x. 185 ; of the
Kicobarians, x. 296 ; of the Peshawar
Pathans, xi. 153 ; in Rai Bareli, xi.
356 ; in Rangpur, xi. 495 ; in Rawal
Pindi, xii. 28 ; of the Santals, xii. 242;
in Sialkot, xii. 446 ; in Sibsagar, xii.
466; in Sylhet, xiii. 157; of the Baluchi
tribes on the Upper Sind Frontier,
xiii. 441.
Food-grains, Export of, article ' India,'
vi- 571-573-
Foot -and -mouth disease. See Cattle
Disease.
Forbes, James, describes Kolaba as an im-
portant place (1771), viii. 262; Mahad
as fortified and well peopled, ix. 154.
Forbes, Major, defeated the Marathas in
the Barnuil Pass (1803), ii. 157; his
operations in Orissa, x. 431.
Forbes, Captain C. J. F., quoted, on the
early history of Prome, xi. 227.
Forbes, Kinloch, suggested reforms in
Kathiawar (1863), viii. 92 ; quoted on
the Jain temples on Satrunjaya Hill,
xi. 4, 5.
Forchhammer, Dr. , of Rangoon, archseolo-
gist, mentioned, iii. 172.
Forde, Colonel, recapture of Masulipatam
from the French (1759), article ' India,*
vi. 385. Local notices — Sent by Clive
to the Northern Circars (1759), v. 3;
his victory over the French at Condore,
V. 124 ; joined the Raja of Vizianagram
at Kasimkota, viii. 81 ; his capture of
Masulipatam (1759), viii. 228, ix. 354 ;
failed to take Nellore (1757), x. 263;
drove Conflans out of Rajamahendri,
ii6
INDEX.
xi. 2S3 ; landed at Vizagapatam (1759),
xiii. 485.
' Foreign trade of India, its gradual growth,
article ' India,' vi. 561-5S1 ; returns of
foreign trade (1840-84), vi. 562-564;
staples of import and export sea-borne
trade (1882-83), 565-581. See also
Exports and Imports, Sea-borne trade.
Local w^/Za-j-— Bengal, ii. 311, 312;
Bombay, iii. 62, 63 ; Lower Burma, iii.
199, 200; Calcutta, iii. 262-264; Chitta-
gong, iii. 445 ; Karachi, vii. 456-458 ;
Madras Presidency, ix. 61-63 ; Madras
city, ix. 112 ; Rangoon, xi. 487 ; Tuti-
corin, xiii. 385, 386.
Forester, Hon. Mary Anne, widow of
Dyce Sombre, succeeded to the Sard-
hana estates (1851), xii. 265.
Forest Department, Growth of, and its
administration, vi. 522 - 528 ; forest
conservancy statistics, vi. 526, 527 ;
' open ' and ' reserved ' forests, 526.
Forests, article ' India,' vi. 8; in S. and
S.-W. India, vi. 38-40; in Sind and
Punjab, vi. 524, 525; N.-W. Provinces,
vi. 525 ; Sundarbans, vi. 525 ; Assam
and Burma, vi. 525, 526. Local notices
— On Mount Abu, i. 5, 6 ; Ahiri, i. 82;
Amur Margudi, i. ill; Airi, i. ill;
in Ajmere-Merwara, i. 128; Akyab,
i. 149; Ambala, i. 214; Amherst,
i. 233-235; Amraoti, i. 246; on the
Anamalai Hills, i. 270; in Angul,
i. 289; Arakan Hill Tracts, i. 29S;
North Arcot, i. 31 1 ; South Arcot,
i. 320; Assam, i. 348, 349; Athmallik,
i. 377; Baba Budan, i. 402; Bahraich,
i. 426; Bakarganj, i. 442; Balaghat,
i. 453; Balipara, ii. 13; Ballapali,
ii. 17; Bamra, ii. 41 ; Banda, ii. 46;
Bangalore, ii. 60; Bardwar, ii. 137;
Barela, ii. 147; Baria, ii. 151; Basim,
ii. 183 ; Bassein, ii. 193 ; Belgaum,
ii. 231, 232; in Bengal, ii. 305, 306;
Betiil, ii. 329 ; Bhandara, ii. 361 ;
Bhomoraguri, ii. 402 ; Bhutan, ii. 414 ;
Bijji, ii. 427 ; BijH, ii. 427 ; Bijnaur,
ii. 428; Bilaspur, ii. 446, 451 ; on the
Bison Range, iii. 17 ; in Bombay, iii.
44, 45 ; Bonai, iii. 85 ; Borasambar,
iii. 89 ; Brahmagiri, iii. 91 ; Buldana,
iii. 143 ; Bumawadi, iii. 149 ; Lower
Burma, iii. 202-204 '■> Upper Burma,
iii. 210 ; Cachar, iii. 233, 234 ; Central
Provinces, iii. 299, 300 ; Chamba, iii.
329 ; Champaran, iii. 336 ; Chanda,
iii. 349 ; Chandragiri, iii. 363 ; Char-
dwar, iii. 371; Chhind ward, iii. 398 ;
Chhota Udaipur, iii. 405 ; Chichgarh,
iii. 408 ; Chintpurni, iii. 419 ; Chirang
Dwar, iii. 422 ; Chittagong Hill Tracts,
iii. 447 ; Cochin, iv. 2 ; Coimbatore,
iv. 15 ; Coorg, iv. 32 ; Cuddapah,
iv. 48 ; Dalingkot, iv. 98 ; Dalma,
iv. 99; Daman, iv. 102; the Dangs,
iv. 114; Darjiling, iv. 130; Darrang,
iv. 142 ; Dawna Hills, iv. 163 ; Dehra
Dun, iv. 169; Denwa, iv. 198 ; Deori,
iv. 205; Dhaleswari, iv. 238; Dharam-
pur, iv. 248 ; Dharmanpur, iv. 252 ;
Dharwar, iv. 256 ; Dungarpur, iv. 322 ;
Dunyin, iv. 326 ; Eastern Dwars, iv.
328, 329 ; Gangpur, iv. 478 ; Ganjam,
V. 2 ; Garhakota Ramna, v. 14 ; Inde-
pendent Garhwal, v. 24 ; Garo Hills,
v. 25 ; Garumari, v. 33 ; Gauhali,
v. 34 ; Western Ghats, v. 59 ; Gilgaon,
v. 77 ; Goa, v. 89 ; Goalpara, v. 112 ;
Godavari, v. 123 ; Golconda, v. 145 ;
Goona, v. 158; Gorakhpur, v. 164;
Gyaing Attaran, v. 237 ; Berar, 259,
260 ; Hanthawadi, v. 313 ; Hassan,
V- 345> 346; Hathibari,v. 353; Haung-
tharaw, v. 358; in Hazaribagh, v. 370;
Heggaddevankot, v. 382 ; Henzada,
V. 384 ; Hill Tipperah, v. 395 ; Hirekal
Hills, v. 423 ; Hoshangabad, v. 443 ;
Hoshiarpur, v. 452 ; Hpaung-lin, v.
466 ; on the Hpyu river, v. 466 ;
in Indore, vii. 2 ; Jabalpur, vii. 34 ;
Jalpaiguri, vii. 108, 109 ; Jhansi, vii.
217 ; Kadur, vii. 283 ; Kagan valley,
vii. 293; Kalesar, vii. 324; Kalrayan
Mountains, \'ii. 343 ; Kamrup, vii.
355 ; Kamtaranala, vii. 366 ; North
Kanara, vii. 369, 370; South Kanara,
vii. 376 ; Kangia, vii. 41 1, 412 ; Karachi,
vii. 450; Karaibari, ^^i. 462; Kamul,
viii. 35 ; Katanig, viii. 86 ; Kathiawar,
viii. 89 ; Khaling Dwar, viii. 142 ;
Khandesh, viii. 150; Khasi Hills, viii.
173 ; Ivheri, viii. 190 ; Kiggat-nad,
viii. 216 ; Kodachadri, viii. 239 ;
Kolaba, viii. 261 ; Kolhapur, viii. 281 ;
the Konkan, viii. 291 ; Koppa, viii. 294;
Kulsi, viii. 334, 335 ; Kumaun, viii.
348> 349 ; Kyauk-pyu, viii. 385 ; Lakh-
impur, viii. 426, 427 ; Lakvalli, viii,
444; Lalitpur, viii. 447; Langai river,
viii. 460 ; Laun, viii. 467; Lohardaga,
viii. 476 ; Loisinh, viii. 488 ; Madras,
ix. 6-8 ; Madura, ix. 121 ; Mahagaon,
ix. 155; Maikal Hills, ix. 190; Mala-
bar, ix. 220, 229 ; Ma-li-won, ix. 258 ;
Malkangiri, ix. 258 ; Mandla, ix. 300 ;
INIanipur, ix. 325 ; Manjarabad, ix.
334; Mataikhar, ix. 359; Mehar, ix.
396; Mehwas, ix. 400; INIelghat, ix.
402, 403 ; Mergui, ix. 406, 407 ;
Merkara, Lx. 413 ; Milmillia, ix. 438 ;
Mirzapur, ix. 453 ; Monghyr, ix. 480 ;
Miil Hills, ix. 535; Muzaffargarh,
X. 57; Mysore State, x. 109, I ID,
District, x. 114 ; Naga Hills, x. 143;
Nagpur, X. 171 ; Nalkeri, x. 184; Nal-
lamalai Hills, x. 186 ; Nambar, x. 188;
i
INDEX.
ri7
Nandidrug, x. 192 ; Nanpara, x. 197 ;
Naodwar, x. 199 ; Narukot, x. 226 ;
Nasik, X. 228 ; Naushahro, x. 243 ;
Nelliampati, x. 260 ; Nellore, x. 267,
268 ; Nepal, x. 277 ; Nibari, x. 294 ;
Nighasan, x. 299; Nilgiri Hills, x.
305, 323, 324; Nimar, x. 328; Nirmal,
X. 338 ; N.-W. Provinces, x. 380, 381 ;
Nowgong, X. 407; Orchha, x. 425 ;
Orissa Tributary States, x 476; Oudh,
x. 482, 483 ; Pachamalai Hills, x. 521 ;
Pahar Sirgira, x. 528 ; Palanpur, x.
539 ; Palasgaon, x. 542 ; Palkonda
Hills, xi. II; Pal Lahara, xi. 13;
Palni Mountains, xi. 19 ; Panabaras,
xi. 24 ; Panch Mahals, xi. 28, 29 ;
Pantan, xi. 51 ; Patna State, xi. 115 ;
Pawi Mulanda, xi. 123 ; Phingeswar,
xi. 168 ; Pilibhit, xi. 170 ; Polur,
xi. 197 ; Prome, xi. 226 ; Punasa,
xi. 242 ; Punjab, xi. 280, 281 ; Purara,
xi. 299 ; Raipur, xi. 368 ; Rairakhol,
xi. 37S ; Rajaborari, xi. 380 ; Rajoli,
xi. 391 ; Rajpipla, xi. 391 ; Rajputana,
xi. 402 ; Rampur (C. P.), xi. 460 ;
Rangoon, xi. 473 ; Ratnagiri, xii. 3, 4;
Rawal Pindi, xii. 19, 21, 22 ; Rewa,
xii. 46 ; Rewa Kantha, xii. 49 ; Rohri,
xii. 64 ; Sagar, xii. loi ; Salem, xii.
152 ; Salwin Hill Tracts, xii. 174, 175 ;
Sandoway, xii. 193, 200; Sandur,
xii. 206 ; .Santal Parganas, xii. 227 ;
Saoligarh, xii. 247 ; Satara, xii. 276,
277 ; Satpura, xii. 289 ; on the Savitri
river, xii. 295 ; Sawantwari, xii. 296 ;
Sehwan, xii. 304 ; Seoni, xii. 309 ;
Seoraj, xii. 316 ; Seshachalam Hills,
xii. 321 ; Settur, xii. 321 ; Shahjahan-
pur, xii. 343, 344 ; Shikarpur, xii. 3S6 ;
Shimoga, xii. 400 ; Sholapur, xii. 416;
Sibsagar, xii. 459, 460 ; Siddhapur,
xii. 473 ; Sidli, xii. 475 ; Simla, xii.
491; Sinchal Pahar, xii. 502; Sinchula
Hills, xii. 502 ; Sind, xii. 506 ; Singh-
bhum, xii. 531 ; Singhpur, xii. 541 ;
Singla, xii. 542 ; _ Sirmur, xii. 553 ;
Sirohi, xiii. 2 ; Sirsi, xiii. 21 ; Sirsi
State, xiii. 22 ; Siwalik Hills, xiii. 43,
44 ; the Sundarbans, xiii. 108 ; Sunkam,
xiii. 114; Sunth, xiii. 1 14; Supa, xiii.
1x6; Surat, xiii. 118, II9; Surgana,
xiii. 136; Sylhet, xiii. 145; Taung-ngu,
xiii. 220, 221 ; Thakurtola, xiii. 246 ;
Thana, xiii. 251 ; Tharawadi, xiii.
272; Thayet-myo, xiii. 277, 279;
Thon-gwa, xiii. 288 ; Tinnevelli, xiii.
298 ; Tipperah, xiii. 313 ; Tirkheri
Malpuri, xiii. 322 ; Travancore, xiii.
342, 344, 345 ; Trichinopoli, xiii. 355 ;
Tiimkur, xiii. 376 ; Tura Mountains,
xiii. 384 ; Turmapuri, xiii. 385 ;
Twenty-four Parganas, xiii. 389; Viz-
agapatam, xiii. 483, 484 ; Wada, xiii.
504; the Wainad, xiii. 510; Waira-
garh, xiii. 513; Walwa, xiii. 516;
Yedenalknad, xiii. 551 ; Yelusavira,
xiii. 554.
Forest and jungle products of the Ana-
malai Hills, i. 271 ; North Arcot, i. 315;
South Arcot, i. 327 ; Bakarganj, i. 442 :
Bamra, ii. 41; Bankura, ii. 79; Ba-im,
ii. 184; Bastar, ii. 206; Bhandara,
ii. 361 ; Bilaspur, ii. 451 ; Bombay,
iii. 45 ; Bonai, iii. 85 ; Buldana, iii.
143 ; Bimdi, iii. 157 ; Champaran,
iii. 337 ; Cochin, iv. 2 ; Coorg, iv. 32 ;
Cuttack, iv. 65 ; Dinajpur, iv. 291 ;
Eastern Dwars, iv. 329 ; Gangpur,
iv. 478 ; Ganjam, v. 2 ; Garo Hills,
V. 26; Gaya, v. 44; Godavari, v. 123;
Haidarabad, v. 245 ; Henzada, v. 384 ;
Jabalpur, vii. 33 ; Jashpur, vii. 145 ;
Kamriip, \-\\. 355 ; South Kanara,
vii. 376; Karauli, vii. 471; Karmil,
viii. 35 ; Kawardha, viii. 106 ; Kiilu,
viii. 343 ; Lakhimpur, viii. 427 ; Lalit-
pur, viii. 447 ; Lohardaga, viii. 476 ;
Madura, ix. 121 ; Malabar, ix. 229 ;
Melghat, ix. 403 ; Midnapur, ix. 425 ;
IMishmi Plills, ix. 464 ; Monghyr.
ix. 481 ; Mur.shidabad, x. 22 ; Naga
Hills, X. 143 ; Nasik, x. 231 ; Nelliam-
pati Hills, X. 260; Nilgiri Hills, x. 312;
N.-W. Provinces, x. 380-382 ; Now-
gong, X. 407 ; Pachamalai Hills, x.
521 ; Puri, xi. 301 ; Rai Bareli, xi.
353 ; Raigarh, xi. 362 ; Rairakhol,
xi. 378 ; Rangpur, xi. 489 ; Rewa,
xii. 46 ; Sakti, xii. 148 ; Salem, xii.
152 ; Sambalpur, xii. 178 ; Santal Par-
ganas, xii. 227 ; Sibsagar, xii. 460 ;
Singhbhum, xii. 531 ; Sitapur, xiii.
30; the Sundarbans, xiii. 112, 389;
Surgana, xiii. 136 ; Sylhet, xiii. 145 ;
Tavoy, xiii. 229 ; Travancore, xiii.
344, 345 ; Trichinopoli, xiii. 355 ;
Wardha, xiii. 526 ; Wun, xiii. 543.
Sec also Drugs. Dyes, Gums, Honey
and Beeswax, Lac, Resins, and Tasar
silk.
Forsyth, SirT. D., his mission to Yarkand
(1873), V. 418.
Fortified weaving settlements of the East
India Company, article ' India,' vi.
599. See Factories and Forts (Old
East India Company's).
Fort St. David. See David, Fort St.
Fort St. George. See Madras city.
Fort Victoria, village and old fort in
Bombay, iv. 449.
Fort William. See Calcutta.
Forts, Abazai, i. 2 ; Charikar, Kilat-i-
Ghilzai, Girishk, Farrah, .Sabzavar,
Lash, and Ghorian in Afghanistan, i.
34-36; Agar, i. 57; Agoada Head, i.
59 ; Agra, i. 68, 72 ; Ahmadnagar, i.
ii8
INDEX.
109; Ajimpur, i. 116; Akbarpur
(Oudh), i. 139; Aknur, i. 140; Akola,
i. 146; Alahyar-jo-Tando, i. 161 ;
Alamgirnagar, i. 162; Aldemaii, i. 165;
Aliganj (N.-W. P.), i. 167; Ali'garh
(N.-Vy. P.), i. 178; Alipura, i. 181 ;
Allahabad, i. 192, 198; Amb, i. 21 1 ;
Ambad, i, 212; Amiitsar, i. 264;
Anupgarh, i. 294 ; Ariakupam, i. 329 ;
Arnala, i. 331 ; Arundangi, i. 335 ;
Atur, i. 383 ; Badagara, i. 406 ; Baj-
wara, i. 439 ; Balapur, i. 459 ; Balkh,
ii. IS; Ballalpur, ii. 17; Bangalore,
ii. 66, 67 ; Bareilly, ii. 147 ; Baswa,
ii. 215; Baxa, ii. 219; Betul, ii. 334;
Bhartpur, ii. 376 ; Bhatnair, ii. 378 ;
Bijaigarh, i. 423 ; Bijeraghogarh, ii.
426 ; Nathawan, near Bijnaur, ii. 436 ;
Bikaner, ii. 442, 443 ; Bilaspur (N.-W.
P.), ii. 454; Birsilpur, iii. 13 ; Bisauli,
iii. 15; Bishangarh, iii. 10; Bissau,
iii. 18; Bissemkatak, iii. 18; Bobbili,
iii. 22 ; Bonaigarh, iii. %■] ; Borsad, iii.
90; Botad, iii. 90; Broach, iii. 115;
Budhana, iii. 128 ; Bukkur, iii. 130 ;
Buriya, iii. 167 ; Calcutta, iii. 249 ;
Cannanore, iii. 275 ; Cassergode, iii.
277 ; Cawnpur, iii. 292 ; Chainpur,
iii. 324 ; Chaitpet, iii. 325 ; Chanda,
iii. 355 ; Channapata, iii. 368 ; Chan-
raypatna, iii. 369 ; Chengalpat, iii.
389. 390 ; Chicacole, iii. 407 ; Chikati,
iii. 409 ; Chikballapur, iii. 409 ; Dab-
hoi, iv. 76 ; Dahanu, iv. 95 ; Delhi,
iv. 186 ; Deogarh, iv. 200 ; Deori, iv.
205, 206 ; Dera Ghazi Khan, iv. 209 ;
Akalgarh, near Dera Ismail Khan, iv.
227 ; Devanhalli, iv. 232 ; Deogadh,
iv. 232 ; Dharmpur, iv. 255 ; Dhar-
war, iv. 266 ; Dig, iv. 2S6 ; Diggi, iv.
287 ; Diji, iv. 288 ; Dilawar, iv. 289 ;
Dingi, iv. 303 ; Diwangiri, iv. 308 ;
Dod-ballapur, iv. 311 ; Dohad, iv. 312;
Dudu,iv. 318; Diini,iv. 325; Edwardes-
abad, iv. 339 ; Ellichpur, iv. 348 ;
Etah, iv. 367 ; Fakrpur, \^. 390 ;
Falta, iv. 391, 392 ; Farukhabad, iv.
417 ; Fatehgarh, iv. 420 ; Fort Victoria,
see Bankot; Fort William, see Calcutta;
Gadawara, iv. 457 ; Gandava, iv. 463 ;
Garaspur, v. 1 1 ; Garhmukhtesar, v.
16 ; Garola, v. 52 ; Ghazipur Khas, v.
71 ; Ghazni, v. 71, 72 ; Gohad, v. 140 ;
Govindgarh, v. 174 ; Gujrat, v. 196 ;
Gurdaspur, v. 214 ; Gursarai, v. 225 ;
Harai, v. 319 ; Harihar, v. 338 ; Harn-
halli, V. 341 ; Harrand, v. 342 ; Hatta,
V. 356, 357 ; Herat, v. 393 ; Hingni,
V. 422 ; Hoti-Mardan, v. 460 ; Hujra,
V, 501 ; Ichak, v. 504 ; Isakhel, vii.
, 25 ; Isarda, vii. 25 ; IsLimgarh, vii. 27 ;
Islamkot, vii. 27 ; Itawa, vii. 28 ;
Jahazgarh, vii. 45 ; Jaisinghnagar, vii.
70; Jaitpur, vii. 71; Jalalabad, vii.
76 ; Jalna, vii. 107 ; Jambughora, vii.
120 ; Jambusar, vii. 123 ; Jammalam-
madugii, vii. 129 ; Jamriid, vii. 133 ;
Janjira, vii. 141 ; Jasdan, vii. 141 ;
Jaspura, vii. 146 ; Jhinjhuwara, vii.
230 ; Jogigarh, vii. 247 ; Junagarh, vii.
263 ; Junnar, vii. 264 ; Kabul, vii.
267 ; Kadi, vii. 280 ; Kadi'ir, vii. 289 ;
Rohtas in Kaimur, vii. 298 ; Kalmesh-
war, vii. 339 ; Kamona, vii. 353 ;
Kandahar, vii. 390, 391 ; Kandapur,
vii. 398 ; Kankanhalli, vii. 434 ; Man-
ora (Karachi), vii. 452 ; Karanguli, vii.
465, 466 ; Karmala, viii. 17 ; Karnal,
viii. 28 ; Katalgarh, viii. 86 ; Kaveri-
pak, viii. 105, 106 ; Kaveripatam, viii.
106 ; Kaveripuram, viii. 106 ; Kera,
viii. 117; Kerur, viii. I17 ; Kesod,
viii. 118; Khairpur-Juso, viii. 139;
Khandvva, viii. 162 ; Khania-dhana,
viii. 163 ; Kharda, viii. 167 ; Khelat,
viii. 1S7 ; Khimlasa, viii. 201 ; Kish-
angarh, viii. 223, 224 ; Kistnapur, viii.
237 ; Kittiir, viii. 237, 238 ; Kohat,
viii. 250 ; Kora, viii. 295 ; Kot-Pulli,
viii. 313 ; Kunigal, viii. 366 ; Kurai,
viii. 367, 36S ; Kutiyana, viii. 381 ;
Lachmangarh, viii. 396 ; Ladwa, viii.
400 ; Lahar, viii. 400 ; Lahore, viii.
415, 417 ; Lakhimpur, viii. 439 ; Lakh-
nauti, viii. 441 ; Laki, viii. 443 ; Lal-
guli Falls, viii. 445 ; Larkhana, viii.
463, 465 ; Leh, viii. 469 ; the Machi
Bhawan, Lucknovv, viii. 503, 504 ;
Ludhiana, viii. 526 ; Lughasi, viii.
527 ; Fort Mackeson, viii. 535, 536 ;
Madha, viii. 541 ; Fort St. George
(Madras), ix. 106, 107; Mahim, ix. 180;
Maihar, ix. 189 ; Mainpuri, ix. 212,
213 ; Makrai, ix. 215 ; Malegaon, ix.
254 ; Malkapur, ix. 259 ; Mandla, ix.
307 ; Mandlesar. ix. 308 ; Mangahpett,
ix. 312 ; Mangalvedha, ix. 315; Man-
grota, ix. 317 ; Mankera, ix. 337 ;
Manora, ix. 339 ; Mariadeh, ix. 345 ;
Masulipatam, ix. 352 ; Mat, ix. 358 ;
Prabal, ix. 364 ; Mattod, ix. 366 ;
Mau, ix. 368 ; Maunda, ix. 373 ;
Maolikara, ix. 375 ; Michni, ix. 423 ;
Mogaltur, ix. 470 ; Mojarh, ix. 477 ;
Monghyr, ix. 490; Moradabad, ix. 513;
Morpur, ix. 518; Movva, ix. 5^2;
Mughalpur, ix. 529 ; Muhammadpur,
ix. 532; Multan, x. 11 ; Mundra, x.
14 ; Mustafabad, x. 42 ; Muzaffarabad,
x. 54 ; Muzaffargarh, x. 65 ; Mysore,
X. 123 ; Nagamangala, x. 154 ; Nagina,
X. 160; Nainwah, x. 178; Pathargarh,
x. 179 ; Nakodar, x. 180 ; Nandarthan,
X. 189; Nandikottur, x. 193; Nar-
singhgarh, x. 216; Narsipur, x. 225;
Narwar, x. 227 ; Nawanagar, x. 253 ;
INDEX.
119
Nellore, x. 272 ; Nidadaul, x. 298 ;
Nimach, x. 326; Nilzoid, x. 410;
Orchha, x. 426 ; Palasgarh, x. 542 ;
Palghat, X. 543 ; Palupare, xi. 20 ;
Panahat, xi. 25 ; Panipat, xi. 47 ;
Parenda, xi. 62 ; Partabgarh (Rajput-
ana), xi. 77; Patri, xi. 1 17; Patti, xi.
117; Pattukotai, xi. 118; Peshawar,
xi. 159; Phillaur, xi. 167; Pimpalner,
xi. 181 ; Pishin, xi. 191 ; Pithoiia, xi.
193 ; Punasa, xi. 242 ; Purngarh, xi.
321 ; Quetta, xi. 338 ; Radhanpur, xi.
343 ; Rai Bareli, xi. 360 ; Rajghat, xi.
387, 388; Rajnagar, xi. 391 ; Ramna-
ear, xi. 452 ; Rampur, xi. 459 ; Rasul-
abad, xi. 515; Ratnagiri, xii. 12;
Raver, xii. 14; Rawal Pindi, xii. 35,
38; Redi, xii. 41; Rorle in Rewad-
anda, xii. 44 ; Rohna, xii. 63 ; Rup-
garh, xii. 83 ; Sachin, xii. 90 ; Sah,
xii. 113 ; Sakaldiha, xii. 144 ; Sakhera,
xii. 145; Salbet, xii. 150; Sdngli, xii.
219; Sangola, xii. 220; Sarila, xii.
269 ; Satanwari, xii. 275 ; Satyamanga-
1am, xii. 291 ; Sausar, xii. 292; Se-
cunderabad, xii. 302 ; Selu, xii. 307 ;
Seoni, xii. 315; Seota, xii. 317;
Shabkadar, xii. 322; Shahbaznagar,
xii. 340 ; Shahganj, xii. 342 ; Shah-
jahanpur, xii. 356 ; Sholapur, xii. 420,
422 ; Sholavandan, xii. 422 ; Shujabad,
xii. 426 ; Shwe-gyin, xii. 435 ; Sikhar,
xii. 482 ; Sindwa, xii. 527, 528 ; Sira,
xii. 546 ; Somnath, xiii. 50 ; Sonagaon,
xiii. 57 ; Srinagar, xiii. 77 ; Srivai-
kuntham, xiii. 82 ; Subeha, xiii. 86 ;
Surat, xiii. 132 ; Talagang, xiii. 162 ;
Tanjore, xiii. 196; Tanna, xiii. 198;
Tarikere, xiii. 214; Tehri, xiii. 236;
Tellicherri, xiii. 237 ; Tenkaraikottai,
xiii. 241 ; Than, xiii. 249 ; Thana
(Bombay), xiii. 258, 259 ; (Oudh), xiii.
259 ; Thulandi, xiii. 293 ; Tragar, xiii.
293 ; Tikari, xiii. 295 ; Tirwa, xiii.
330 ; Tonk, xiii. 338 ; Tranquebar, xiii.
341 ; Tripunathorai, xiii. 367 ; Trivan-
drum, xiii. 368; Umargarh, xiii. 419;
Umarkot, xiii. 420; Usiir, xiii. 452;
Uttur, xiii. 459 ; Vellore, xiii. 467-469 ;
Vengurla, xiii. 469 ; Vesava, xiii. 472,
473 5 Vizagapatam, xiii. 498 ; Vizia-
drug, xiii. 499 ; Vizianagram, xiii. 503 ;
Wairagarh, xiii. 513 ; Wandiwash, xiii.
517, 518; Yawal, xiii. 549 ; Yedehalli,
xiii. 550. See also Forts, Ruined.
Forts, Hill, Ajaigarh, i. 112; Ahvar, i.
206 ; Amber, i. 229 ; Ambur Drug, i.
230; Anchittai-durgam, i. 281; Asir-
garh, i. 338, 339 ; Attock, i. 381, 382 ;
Badesar, i. 408; Badrpur, i. 411 ;
Bahli, i. 425 ; Debrigarh, ii. 148 ;
Songarh, Saler, and Riipgarh in Baroda,
ii. 159 ; Bekal, ii. 229 ; Belgaum, ii.
238 ; Bellary, ii. 250 ; Bhainsror, ii.
355 ; Bhilsa, ii. 392 ; Bhopal, ii. 405 ;
Biana, ii. 418 ; Bundi, iii. 159, 160 ;
Bunera, iii. 160 ; Champaner, iii. 333 ;
Chanar, iii. 346, 347 ; Chanderi, iii.
358 ; Chandor, iii. 361 ; Chandragiri,
iii. 363 ; Charkhari, iii. 372 ; Chital-
drug, iii. 428 ; Chitor, iii. 430, 431 ;
Dankar, iv. I17 ; Daulatabad, iv. 158 ;
Devaraydurga, iv. 232 ; Dhar, iv. 248 ;
Laling, near Dhulia, iv. 281, 282;
Dindigal, iv. 301 ; Gagraun, iv. 458,
459 ; Gandikot, iv. 464 ; Gangrov, iv.
479 ; Garhbori, v. 14 ; Gawilgarh, v.
42, 43 ; Gingi, v. 80-82 ; Chaprot and
Nagar in the Gilghit valley, v. 79, 80 ;
Gobardhangiri, v. 121 ; Golconda, v.
144 ; Gooty, v. 160, 161 ; Gopalswami-
betta, V. 162 ; Gudibanda, v. 177 ;
Gumnayakan-palya, v. 199 ; Gurram-
konda, v. 224; Gwalior, v. 234, 236;
Haidarabad(Sind), v. 287; Hamirgarh,
V. 297 ; Harischandragarh, v. 340 ;
Fort Hastings, v. 352 ; Hinglajgarh, v.
422 ; Hosdurga, v. 444 ; Hutri-durga,
v. 503 ; Iggutappa - kunda, v. 506 ;
Iskardo, vii. 26; Jahazpur, -vii. 45;
Jaigarh, vii. _ 45 ; Jaipur, vii. 59 ;
Jaisalmer, vii. 70; Jaitak, vii. 71;
Jajpur, vii. 73 ; Jalor, vii. 107 ; Jamal-
abad, vii. 1 18 ; Jammu, vii. 129 ; Jaum,
vii. 149 ; Jawad, vii. 161 ; Jhalra
Patan, \-ii. 204 ; Jhansi, vii. 228 ;
Jobat, vii. 234 ; Jodhia, vii. 234 ;
Jcidhpur, vii. 246 ; Sioner, near Junnar,
vii. 264 ; Kakair, vii. 310 ; Kamlagarh,
vii. 353 ; Kandukiir, vii. 407 ; Kangra,
vii. 429 ; Kanjia, vii. 433 ; Khetri, viii.
200 ; Kistawar, viii. 225 ; Komulmair,
viii. 287 ; Kondavir, viii. 287, 288 ;
Morni in Kotaha, viii. 308; Kumalgarh,
viii. 345 ; Kumlagarh, viii. 359 ; Kur-
vvai, viii. 378 ; Landi Kotal, viii. 459,
460 ; Laphagarh, viii. 461 ; Lohgarh,
viii. 488 ; Madgiri - drug, viii. 540 ;
Pratapgarh, ix. 155 ; Mahakalidurga,
ix. 155 ; Mahuli, ix. 186, 187 ; ^lalan-
garh, ix. 236, 237 ; ]Malaun, ix. 237 ;
JNIallangur, ix. 260 ; j\Ialot, ix. 263 ;
Malthon, ix. 265 ; Mandalgarh, ix.
291 ; Manohar, ix. 338 ; Mastgarh, ix.
351; Merkara, ix. 413,414; jNIohne,
ix. 476 ; Mudgal, ix. 526 ; Nagode, x.
161 ; Sitabaldi, x. 173 ; Naldrug, x.
182-184; Namakal,x. 187; Nandidrug,
X. 191, 192; Narsinghgarh, x. 216;
Nawagarh, x. 250 ; Nidugal, x. 298 ;
Partabgarh, xi. 77, 78 ; Pavagada, xi.
121 ; Pawagarh, xi. 121, 122 ; Pawan-
garh, xi. 122 ; Fort Loudoun, Pithora-
garh, xi. 193 ; Raichur, xi. 360 ;
Raidrug, xi. 361 ; Raigarh, xi. 363,
364 ; Raingarh, xi. 365, 366 ; Rairi, xi.
I20
INDEX.
379 ; Raisin, xi. 380 ; Rajgarh (2), xi.
387 ; Rajpipla, xi. 393 ; Ramgarh, xi.
44S ; Ramtek, xi. 466 ; Ranigat, xi.
506 ; Ranthambor, xi. 511 ; Rasalgarh,
xi. 512, 513; Rayan, xii. 40; Rehli,
xii. 42 ; Riasi, xii. 57 ; Sadashivgarh,
xii. 92 ; Sagar, xii. 109 ; Sagar-
garh, xii. 11 1; Salumbar, xii. 172;
Samod, xii. 190 ; Sankaridmg, xii,
221 ; Sankshi, xii. 224 ; Satara,
xii. 284, 285 ; Savandrug, xii. 293,
294; near Ugli in Seoni, xii. 310;
Shioner, xii. 410 ; Songarh, xiii. 60 ;
Srinagar (Kashmir), xiii. 76, 77 (N.-W.
P.), xiii. 78 ; Subathu, xiii. 85 ; Sunth,
xiii. 116; Taragarh, xiii. 206; Tekal-
kotta, xiii. 236 ; Tepagarb, xiii. 242 ;
Theog, xiii. 288 ; Todgarh, xiii. 336 ;
Trichinopoli, xiii. 364 ; Trimbak, xiii.
366 ; Eklingarh, near Udaipur, xiii.
410 ; Shahpur, near Rabkob, xiii. 412 ;
Vinukonda, xiii. 476 ; Visapur, xiii.
480. Sec also Forts, Hill, Ruined.
Forts, Ruined or dismantled, Hari Pala-
kudu, near Addanki, i. 14 ; Afzalgarh,
i- 57 j Agroha, i. 78 ; Ahirwas, i. 82 ;
Ahmadnagar (Oudh), i. no; Akbar-
pur (Bengal), i. 139 ; Aliganj (Oudh),
i. 167; Aligarh (Bengal), i. 179; Amara-
pura, i. 210; Amner, i. 245; Amra-
vati, i. 253 ; Andiyar, i. 288 ; Anekal,
i. 288 ; Angadipuran, i. 289 ; Anjengo,
i. 292 ; Ankola, i. 293 ; Arava-Kurichi,
i. 307; Arcot, i. 311; Ami, i. 332;
Asurgarh, i. 375 ; Atari, i. 375 ; Ateha,
i. 375 ; Atner, i. 379 ; Aurungabad
(Oudh), i. 386 ; Badnera, i. 409 ;
Klierla, near Badniir, i. 410 ; Balahera,
i. 457 ; Balihri, ii. 13 ; Banda, ii. 55 ;
Bansi, ii. loi ; Barabati, ii. I16 ;
Barki'ir, ii. 156; Barwa Sagar, ii. 181 ;
Bavvan, ii. 218; Behar, ii. 228; Bela,
ii. 230 ; Benugarh, ii. 323 ; Bhadri,
ii. 341 ; Bhagamandal, ii. 353 ; Bhawan,
ii. 3S3 ; Bhind, ii. 397 ; Bhiwapur, ii.
401 ; Bhongaon, ii. 403 ; Bidhuna, ii.
420; Bijaigarh, ii. 422; Bijnaur, ii.
436 ; Bilaigarh, ii. 444 ; Bilgram, ii.
456 ; Bishnupur, iii. 16 ; Bodwad, iii.
24; Budaun, iii. 124; Budihal, iii.
128 ; Chanwarpatha, iii. 369 ; Cherand,
iii. 391 ; Chopra, iii. 457 ; Fort St.
David atCuddalore, iv. 46, 162 ; Cum-
bum, iv. 57 ; Dadri, iv. 93 ; Dalmau,
iv. 100 ; Dalmi, iv. 100 ; Dankaur,
iv. 117 ; Dasuya, iv. 155 ; Dativre, iv.
157 ; Debi Patan, iv. 164 ; Delly, iv.
197 ; Deo, iv. 198 ; Devikota, iv. 233,
234 ; Dhamda, iv. 239 ; Dhapewara, iv.
245 ; Dharapuram, iv. 251 ; Dharwar,
iv. 266, 267 ; Dheri Shahan, iv. 270 ;
Dig, iv. 2S6 ; Dimapur, iv. 289, 290 ;
Dipla, iv. 304, 305 ; Simbor, iv. 307 ;
Dolphin's Nose, iv. 312; Dongarthal,
iv. 314; Drug, iv. 317; Durduria, iv.
326 ; Ellore, iv. 352 ; Etawah, iv.
379; Ganjam, v. 9; Garhgaon, v. 15;
Georgegarh, v. 54 ; Gholghat, v. 74 ;
Gidhaur, v. 76 ; Gosainganj, v. 174 >
Gumgaon, v. 198 ; in Haidarabad
(Oudh), V. 289 ; Hajipur, v. 291 ;
Hamirpur, v. 306 ; Handia, v. 309 ;
Hansi, v. 31 1 ; Hardoi, v. 330 ; Hard-
war, V. 331; Harhar, v. 336; Hath-
ras, V. 355 ; Hebli, v. 382 ; Heggada-
devankot, v. 382 ; Hindaur, v. 414 ;
Hirehal, v. 423 ; Hosdrug, v. 441 ;
Hoshangabad, v. 449, 450 ; Ikkeri,
V. 508 ; Imamgarh, v. 509 ; Jainagar,
vii. 46; Jajmau, vii. 72; Jalalkhera,
vii. 79 ; Jalaun, vii. 103 ; Jamner, vii.
131; Jamui, vii. 134; Jaunpur, vii.
159, 160; Bhopatgarh, near Jawhar,
vii. 164; Jhanjhana, vii. 214; Kaithal,
vii. 309 ; Kalna, vii. 340 ; Kanaung,
vii. 3S8 ; Karajgaon, vii. 462 ; Karanja,
vii. 467 ; Karniil, viii. 45 ; Karra, viii.
48 ; Kariir, viii. 52 ; Kasaragod, viii.
58 ; Katol, viii. 100; Katra, viii. loi ;
Katambar, viii. loi ; Katwa, viii. 102;
Keljhar, viii. in; Kelod, viii. ill;
Khairigarh, viii. 131, 132 ; Khakereru,
viii. 141 ; Khanpur, viii. 164 ; Khiron,
viii. 203 ; Kiratpur, viii. 220 ; Kodun-
galiir, viii. 241 ; Koratagiri, viii. 296 ;
Kudarkot, viii. 329 ; Kuditini, viii.
329 ; Kulbarga, viii. 333 ; Kulpahar,
viii. 334 ; in Lalitpur, viii. 452 ; Lalmai
Hills, viii. 458 ; Landaura, viii. 459 ;
Lanji, viii. 461 ; Pilmi in Lohardaga,
viii. 482 ; Loni, viii. 490 ; Maddiir,
viii. 539; Madnagarh,viii. 544; Madura,
ix. 135 ; Magadi, ix. 136 ; Mahaban,
ix. 151 ; Mahagaon, ix. 155 ; Mahes-
war, ix. 173 ; Char Garhjarifa, ix.
195 ; Malagarh, ix. 235, 236 ; Mal-
kangiri, ix. 258 ; Mallanwan, ix. 263 ;
Malvalli, ix. 266 ; Padmagarh and
Sindhudrug, ix. 273 ; Mamdot, ix.
273 ; Mandawar, ix. 293 ; Manglaur,
ix. 316 ; Manwan, ix. 342 ; Marpha,
ix. 348 ; Mro-haung, ix. 523, 524 ;
Murdeswar, x. 17; Mursan, x. 20;
Nagar, x. 155; Nagavaram, x. 159;
Pratapgarh, x. 193 ; Narayanavanam,
X. 205 ; Nargund, x. 211 ; Navvabganj,
X. 249 ; Neri, x. 291 ; Nevti, x. 292 ;
IS'ichlaval, x. 294 ; Nidhauli, x. 298 ;
Nipani, x. 366 ; Nirmal, x. 338 ;
Palamkotta, x. 535 ; Palladam, xi. 13 ;
Parichhatgarh, xi. 63 ; Parola, xi. 66 ;
Parone, xi. 67 ; Partabgarh (Oudh),
xi. 75 ; Patan Saongi, xi. 84 ; Patiali,
xi. 90; Paunar, xi. 119; Pendra, xi.
132; Penyapatna, xi. 139, 140; Pinjaur,
xi. 184; Polur, xi. 197; Porakad, xi.
INDEX.
121
214 ; in Pulivendala, xi. 240 ; Puna-
mallu, xi. 242 ; Raghugarh, xi. 345 ;
Raipur, xi. 377, 378 ; Rajagriha, xi.
381 ; Rajgarh, xi. 387 ; Ramnad, xi.
450, 451 ; Rangamati (Assam), xi. 470 ;
Ranpur, xi. 510; Ratanpur, xi. 577;
Rath, xi. 518; Rattihalli, xii. 14;
Repalli, xii. 44 ; Gokalgarh, xii. 55 ;
Rohar, xii. 60 ; Rudrapur, xii. 81 ;
Sahet IMahet, xii. 135 ; Sambalpur, xii.
185; Sanghari, xii. 217 ; Sankisa, xii.
224 ; Sanu, xii. 225 ; Saoner, xii. 248 ;
Sardhana, xii. 266 ; Sarv-epalli, xii.
271 ; Sasni, xii. 273 ; Sehwan, xii.
306 ; Seiingapatam, xii. 319, 320 ;
Shahabad (N.-\V. P.), xii. 337; Shah-
garh, xii. 342; Shahpur (N.-W. P.),
xii. 368 ; Shekohpura, xii. 378 ; Sher-
garh, xii. 380; Shikarpur (N.-W. P.),
xii. 396 ; (iMysore), xii. 397 ; Sialkot,
xii. 451 ; Simraon, xii. 501 ; Sindgi,
xii. 526 ; Sindkher, xii. 527 ; Sohag-
pur, xiii. 47 ; Sohawal, xiii. 48 ; Sonda,
xiii. 59, 60 ; Songir, xiii. 61 ; Subal-
garh, xiii. 83 ; Sumerpur, xiii. 107 ;
Surharpur, xiii. 137 ; Sryamnagar, xiii.
143 ; Talamba, xiii. 163 ; Tambam,
xiii. 169 ; Tangasseri, xiii. 180 ; Tank,
xiii. 198 ; Tappal, xiii. 200 ; Tarahwan,
xiii. 206, 207 ; Tatta, xiii. 219 ; Telia-
garhi, xiii. 236 ; Thaneswar, xiii. 260 ;
in Thar and Parkar, xiii. 267 ; Thatia,
xiii. 275 ; Tirkanamb, xiii. 322 ; Tri-
pasur, xiii. 367 ; Udaipur, xiii. 410 ;
Dumraon, near Umarpur, xiii. 421 ;
Umrer, xiii. 423 ; Urai, xiii. 450 ;
Uttraula, xiii. 458 ; Wari, xiii. 531.
Forts, Hill, Ruined, Adegaon, i. 15 ;
Adoni, i. 26 ; Ajmirgarh, i. 133 ;
Ambaji - durga, i. 213; Balakot, i.
458 ; Ballal - rayan - durga, ii. 17 ;
Baurgarh, ii. 217 ; Bellamkonda, ii.
240 ; Bijagarh, ii. 422 ; Brahmapuri,
iii. 93 ; Chauragarh, iii. 377 ; Deogarh,
iv. 203 ; Kafir Kotin Dera Ismail
Khan, iv. 220 ; Dhamoni, iv. 240 ;
Dongargarh, iv. 314; Garha, v. 12;
Garhakota, v. 13 ; Huliyar-durga, v.
501 ; Juba, vii. 253 ; Kabbal-durga,
vii. 266 ; Kalan Kot, vii. 323 ; Kalin-
jar, vii. 331-337; Kalpi, vii. 343;
Kangundi, vii. 431 ; Kanigiri, vii. 432 ;
Karnala, viii. 29, 30 ; Katas, viii. 87 ;
Kevale-durga, viii. 104, 105 ; Konda-
pilli, viii. 287 ; Korigi, viii. 300 ;
Krishnagiri, viii. 317, 318; Langur,
viii. 461 ; Lingana, viii. 472 ; Lio, viii.
473 ; Madaksira, viii. 536 ; IMahoba,
ix. 182, 183 ; Medak, ix. 379 ; Tior
Mountain, ix. 503 ; Mundargi, x. 13 ;
Nadol, x. 142 ; Nalapani, x. 181 ;
Narnala, x. 213 ; Nijagal, x. 301 ;
Nurpur, x. 419; Penukonda, xi. 135 ;
Perumakal, xi. 140, 141 ; Purandhar,
xi. 297, 298 ; Ragauli, xi. 344 ; Rahat-
garh, xi. 345, 346 ;^ Ramgiri, xi. 449 ;
Rasan, xi. 513; Rayakottai, xii. 40;
Rohtasgarh, xii. 78 ; Rotas, xii. 80 ;
Sadri, xii. 95 ; Parasgarh, near Saun-
datti, xii. 291; in Seoni, xii. 310;
Sihonda, xii. 476; Sikandarpur, xii.
480 ; Singaurgarh, xii. 528, 529 ; Sinh-
garh, xii. 543, 544; Sirakot, xii. 550;
Sironcha, xiii. 7 ; Talbehat, xiii. 164 ;
Taragarh, xiii. 206 ; Tekalkota, xiii.
236.
Forts, Old East India Company's, at
Beliapatam (1735), ii. 240; Bezwada
(1760), ii. 331 ; Fort St. David's, iv.
162 ; Devikota, iv. 234 ; Ganjam
(1768), V. 3, 9; Fort St. George
(Madras), ix. 106, 107.
Forts and fortifications, Old Portuguese,
Bandel, ii. 57; Barkalur, ii. 156;
Bassein (Bombay), ii. 192 ; Bhatkal,
ii. 377; Cochin, iv. 12; Daman, iv.
103, 104 ; Diu, iv. 306 ; Gholghat, v.
74 ; Honawar, v. 440 ; Kandapur, vii.
398 ; Karanja, vii. 467 ; Kodungalur,
viii. 241 ; Saint Thome, ix. 104 ;
Porakad, xi. 214; Quilon, xi. 340;
Rewadanda, xii. 44 ; Vesava, xiii.
473-
Fort, Old Danish, Tranquebar, xni. 340,
341.
Forts, Old Dutch, Chetvai, iii. 393;
Cochin, iv. 12 ; Pulicat, xi. 239 ;
Sadras, xii. 94 ; Tangasseri, xiii. 180.
Forts, Old French, Karikal, viii. 10 ;
Kavai, viii. 104; Valdavur, xiii. 461.
Foul Island, in Lower Burma, iv. 450.
Fouracres, Mr., the head of the Son
Canal works at Dehri, xiii. 54.
Fourth Buddhist Council (40 A.D.), article
' India,' vi. 147.
Fo-wei-kian-king, Chinese translation
from the Sanskrit of the ' Dying In-
structions of Buddha,' article 'India,'
vi. 141 and footnote.
Fox, The Indian, article ' India,' vi. 654.
Local notices — Found in Azamgarh, i.
393 ; Balaghat, i. 453 ; Ballia, ii. 19 ;
Baluchistan, ii. 36 ; Bannu, ii. 90 ;
Cawnpur, iii. 280 ; Chhindwara, iii.
399 ; Cochin, iv. 2 ; Cuddapah, iv.
48 ; Dera Ismail Khan, iv. 220 ;
Dharwar, iv. 259 ; Dinajpur, iv. 291;
Firozpur, iv. 439 ; Gorakhpur, v. 165 ;
Gurgaon, v. 216 ; Gwalior, v. 229 ;
Haidarabad (Sind), v. 275 ; Himalaya
Mountains, v. 409 ; Indore, vii. 2 ;
Jalpaiguri, vii. 109 ; Jerruck, vii. 180;
Kaira, vii. 300 ; North Kanara, vii.
370 ; Karachi, vii. 445 ; Karni'il, viii.
35 ; Kashmir, viii. 68 ; Kathiawar,
viii. 96 ; Khairpur, viii. 133 ; Kulu,
122
INDEX.
viii. 338 ; Kumaun, viii. 349 ; Lark-
hana, viii. 463 ; Madras Presidency,
ix. 89 ; Moradabad, ix. 505 ; Muzaffar-
garh, X. 58 ; Rajagriha Hills, xi. 94 ;
Peshawar, xi. 147 ; Pishin, xi. 188 ;
Punjab, xi. 259 ; Rajshahi, x. 429 ;
Rangpur, xi. 489 ; Ratnagiri, xii. 4 ;
Rawal Pindi, xii. 22 ; Shahabad, xii.
324 ; Sind, xii. 507 ; Sitapur, xiii. 30 ;
Surat, xiii. 120 ; Thar and Pdrkar,
xiii. 264 ; Upper Sind Frontier, xiii.
440; Wi'in, xiii. 539.
Fox, Rev. Mr., missionary at Masiili-
patam with Noble (1S41), ix. 354.
Foxcroft, George, Governor of Madras
(1668-70), ix. 66.
France, India's foreign trade with, article
' India,' vi. 578, 579.
Francis, Philip, his duel with Warren
Hastings at Alipur (1780), i. 180.
Franklin's J\Ie»ioir of the Geology of
Brindelkhand, quoted, iii. 151.
Franklin, Col., first ascended Parasnath
Hill, quoted, xi. 57.
Franks, Sir T. H., joined Sir Colin
Campbell before Lucknow (1858), viii.
515 ; his campaign in Oudh, x. 496.
Fraser, Gen., defeated Holkar and
stormed fort of Dig (1804), iv. 286.
Fraser, Col., annexed Coorg on surrender
of the Raja (1834), iv. 30, 31 ; first
political agent, Fraserpet called after,
iv. 450.
Fraser, William, Commissioner of Delhi,
murdered by Shams - ud - din Khan
(1836), iv. 448, viii. 487.
Fraserpet, town in Coorg, iv. 450.
Frederic, Caesar, Venetian traveller
to India, quoted, upon Martaban,
i. 236 ; the jewels of Burma, iii.
195 ; Hampi, v. 307 ; Honawar, v.
440 ; Mergui, ix. 408 ; Noakhali, x.
341 ; Pegu, xi. 126, 127 ; Sandwip
Island, xii. 210 ; the pearl fishery of
Tinnevelli, xiii. 30S.
French possessions, iv. 450-455 ; history,
451-454; present territories, 454;
revenue and expenditure for 1883,
454, 455-
French East India Companies, and the
present French possessions in India,
article ' India,' vi. 372 ; French and
English in the Karnatik, the first
French war (1746-48), 378 ; capture of
Madras by the French (1746), and its
restoration to the English (1748), 379 ;
French influence in India (1798-1800),
and intrigues with Tipu Suhan and
the Nizam of Haidarabad, 394, 395.
Local no/ices — The French at t^iege of
Arcot (1751), i. 309; took Bobbili
(1756), iii. 21 ; founded factory at
Calicut (1722), iii. 270; held Chaitpet
(1751-60), iii. 325 ; at Chandernagar
(1673), iii- 3561 357; took Chilambaram
(1753), iii. 412 ; took Covelong (1750),
iv. 44; took Cuddalore (1758, 1782), iv.
46 ; at Dacca, iv. 81 ; held Devikota
(1758-60), iv. 234; settlement at
Malda, iv. 353 ; their trade with
False Point, iv. 391 ; in Guntur
(1752-76), V. 205; settlement at
Karikal, viii. 9-1 1 ; took Masulipatam
(1750), viii. 228, ix. 353, 354; took
Kondavir (1757), viii. 288 ; in Madras
Presidency, ix. 12, 13 ; held Madras
city (1746-48), ix. 103; at Saint Thome
(1672-74), ix. 104 ; settlement at Mahe,
ix. 170, 171 ; in Malabar, ix. 221 ;
at Pondicherri, xi. 198, 199 ; at Raja-
mahendri (1753-59), xi. 383 ; attacked
Settipattadai, xii. 321 ; held Valdavar,
xiii. 461 ; at Vizagapatam, xiii. 484,
485 ; defeated at Wandiwash (1760),
xiii. 518.
French Settlements, Existing, in India,
Chandernagar, iii. 356, 357 ; Karikal,
viii. 9- II; Mahe, ix. 170, 171 ;
Pondicherri, xi. 198, 199 ; Yanaon,
xiii. 547, 548.
Frere, Sir Bartle, his speech on opening
railway over the Bhor Ghat, quoted, ii.
407 ; founded European school at
Karachi, the Frere Hall in his honour
there, vii. 454 ; constructed Napier
Mole at Karachi, vii. 458 ; his Com-
missionership of Sind (1851-59), xii.
526 ; introduced ten years' assessment
into the Thar, xiii. 265.
Frobisher's, Davis', Hudson's, and
Baffin's attempts to reach India by
way of the North- West passage, article
' India,' vi. 363.
Frontier District, Sind. See Upper
Sind Frontier.
Frontier trade of India, article ' India,'
vi. 585-590.
Fruits, Varieties of, article ' India,' vi.
490 ; in Afghanistan, i. 38 ; Afghan-
Turkistan, i. 55 ; Akola, i. 143 ;
Akyab, i. 156; Allahabad, i. 190;
Amherst, i. 239 ; Anantapur, i. 277 ;
South Arcot, i. 323 ; Assam, i. 362 ;
Badakshan, i. 407; Balkh, ii. 15;
Baluchistan, ii. 36 ; Bombay, iii. 81 ;
Broach, iii. 102 ; Buldana, iii. 146 ;
Upper Burma, iii. 210 ; Chengalpat,
iii. 3S2 ; Cherra, iii. 392 ; Chitral, iii.
432 ; Edar, iv. 337 ; EUichpur, iv.
345 ; Ghazni, v. 72 ; Haidarabad, v.
245 ; Hanthawadi, v. 315 ; Hunza, v.
503 ; Jabalpur, vii. 33 ; Jalalabad, vii.
75 ; Jalna, vii. 107 ; Kabul, vii. 266 ;
Kandahar, vii. 391 ; Kangra, vii. 412 ;
Kashmir, viii. 71, 72 ; Khab, viii.
122 ; Khasi Hills, viii. 177 ; Kumaun,
INDEX.
123
viii. 354 ; Kuram, viii. 369 ; Lahore,
viii. 410 ; Lakhimpur, viii. 433 ;
Larkhana, viii. 463 ; Madras, ix. 86 ;
Manipur, ix. 331; Mergui, ix. 409;
Mishmi Hills, ix. 463 ; Muzaffargarh,
X. 57 ; Mysore, x. 103 ; Nasik, x.
232 ; Nepal, x. 276 ; Nilgiri Hills, x.
313; N.-W. Provinces, x. 381, 382;
Oudh, X. 482 ; Palni Mountains, xi.
19; Peshawar, xi. 146, 159; Prome,
xi. 232 ; Ranchi, xi. 468 ; Rangoon,
xi. 478 ; Rawal Pindi, xii. 22 ; Safed
Koh Mountains, xii. 99 ; Satara, xii.
277 ; Sawantwari, xii. 296 ; Sheila,
xii. 378 ; Shevaroy Hills, xii. 383 ;
Sikkim, xii. 486 ; Sind, xii. 520 ;
Sitapur, xiii. 35 ; Tavoy, xiii. 232 ;
Tharawadi, xiii. 273 ; Thon-gwa, xiii.
291 ; Twenty-four Parganas, xiii. 394;
Upper Sind Frontier, xiii. 446 ;
Wellington, xiii. 536.
Fi-uits, Dried, exported from Afghanistan,
i. 40 ; Agashi, i. 58 ; Gujrat, v. 197 ;
Kandahar, vii. 391.
Frushard, Mr., first established a silk
factory at Ganutia in Birbhum, iii. 6,
V. 10 ; his difficulties and subsequent
prosperity, iii. 7.
Fryer, Dr., his description of Bombay
(1673), quoted, iii. 74, 75; calls
Ghorbandar, Grebondel, v. 75 ; de-
scription of Goa, v. 104 ; on the diffi-
culty of ascending the Narbada, x.
210 ; on the Jesuit College of Bandora,
xi. 61.
Fulaguri. See Phulaguri.
Fuller's earth, found in Bikaner, li. 439 ;
Dera Ghazi Khan, iv. 210; Ghazipur,
V. 69 ; Haidarabad (Sind), v. 2S6 ;
Jodhpur, vii. 237 ; Mallani, ix. 260 ;
Manipur, ix. 324.
Fullerton, CoL, took Palghat (i783),_x.
543 ; his campaign in Tinnevelli, xiii.
300 ; asserted that the Bengal Govern-
ment offered Tinnevelli to the Dutch
for 4000 soldiers, xiii. 309.
Funeral ceremonies and customs of the
Baluchis, ii. 38, 39 ; of the Hatkars,
ii. 186 ; of the Bhils, ii. 391 ; of the
Gonds, iii. 311 ; of the Daphlas, iv.
120; of the Garos, v. 30; of the
Bishnois, v. 429 ; of the Juangs, vii.
252 ; of the Siahposh Kafirs, vii. 291 ;
of the Karens, viii. 4 ; of the Khamtis,
viii. 145, 146; of the Khasis, viii. 175;
of the Kotas, viii. 301, 302; of the
Kurumbas, viii. 376 ; of the Korkus,
. ix. 404 ; of the Mikirs, ix. 437 ; of the
Miris, ix. 444, 449 ; of the Angami
Nagas, x. 149 ; of the Kukis, x. 151 ;
of the Nicobarians, x. 296 ; of the
Santals, xii. 245, 246 ; of the Chins,
xiii. 282 ; of the Nairs, xiii. 349.
Funeral mounds and ceremonies of the
Sakyas and Buddhists in ancient India,
article ' India,' vi. 178.
Furniture, Manufacture of, at Bareilly, ii.
147 ; Kotah, viii. 306 ; Ludhiana, viii.
523, 526 ; Tumkur, xiii. 379.
Furreedabad. See Faridabad.
Furreedcote. See Faridkot.
Furreedpore. See Faridpur.
Fytche, Gen. Albert, cleared Bassein of
dakdits, ii. 195 ; xiii. 289 ; Chief
Commissioner of British Burma (1867-
76), iii. 176 ; supplied materials for
article Mandalay, ix. 288-291 ; went
up the Pak-chan to Kra (1864) to
settle Burmese frontier, x. 531 ; in-
troduced Cuba tobacco into Sandoway,
xii. 203.
Fyzabad. See Faizabad.
Gab, from which glue is made, found in
the Twenty-four Parganas, xiii. 389.
Gabat, State in Bombay, iv. 456.
Gad. Sec Garh.
Gadadhar, river in Bengal, iv. 456.
Gadag. See Garag.
Gadawara, town and tahsil in Central
Provinces, iv. 456, 457-
Gadbas or Gadwas, corresponding to the
Kols of Rajmahal, found in Bastar, ii.
205 ; their music and dancing, iii. 308.
Gaddilam. See Garudandi.
Gadhali, State in Bombay, iv. 457.
Gadhia, State in Kathiawar, iv. 457.
Gadhi Dubhar, village in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, iv. 457.
Gadhka, State in Bombay, iv. 457, 458.
Gadhula, State in Bombay, iv. 458.
Gadkhali, town in Bengal, iv. 458.
Gadra, town in Bombay, iv. 458.
Gadra, town in Kathiawar, iv. 458.
Gaekwar, family name of the chief of the
Maratha State of Baroda, rise of the
family, deposition of the late Gaekwar,
article ' India,' vi. 322, 323 ; 426 ;
history of the dynasty, ii. 160-164.
Gagar, range of mountains in N.-W.
Provinces, iv. 458.
Gagla, village in Bengal, iv. 458.
Gagraun, town in Rajputana, iv. 458, 459.
Gahija, town in Bombay, iv. 459.
Gahmar, town in N.-W. Provinces, iv.
459, 460.
Gahrauli. See Garhauli.
Gaibandha, Sub-division in Bengal, iv.
460.
Gajapatinagar, town and tdlitk in Madras,
iv. 460.
Gajendragad, town in Bombay, iv. 460.
Gajghanta, village in Bengal, iv. 460.
124
INDEX.
Galaothi, town in N.-W. Provinces, iv.
460.
Galchas, in Badakshan, i. 407.
Galena, found in Bhagalpur, ii. 344 ;
Jehlam, vii. 168 ; Monghyr, ix. 479 ;
Salwin Hill Tracts, xii. 175 ; Shwe-
gyin, xii. 430.
Galghasia, river in Bengal, iv. 461.
Galikonda, range of hills in Madras, iv.
461.
Galley, Mr. E., first Collector of Siirat
(1800), xiii. 124.
Gambat, town in Bombay, iv. 461.
Gambhar, moinitain stream in Punjab,
iv. 461.
Gambila, river in Punjab, iv. 461, 462.
Gamboge, found in Amherst, i. 240 ;
S. Kanara, vii. 376 ; Shimoga, xii. 400;
Travancore, xiii. 334.
Ganaks, wandering Brahmans, who
practise astrology in Darrang, iv. 145 ;
Kamriip, vii. 359.
Gandai, estate in Central Provinces, iv.
462.
Gandak, Great, river in N.-W. Provinces,
iv. 462, 463.
Gandak, Little, river in N.-W. Provinces,
iv. 463.
Gandamak, Treaty of, article ' India,'
vi. 426.
Gandava, town in Baluchistan, iv. 463.
Gandevi, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, iv. 463.
Gandgarh, hills in Punjab, iv. 463, 464.
Gandha Madan, peak in Bengal, iv. 464.
Gandhol, State in Kathiawar, iv. 464.
Gandikot, hill fort in Madras, iv. 464.
Ganeswari, river in Assam, iv. 464.
Ganga Bal. See Gangal.
Ganga dynasty, The, in S. India, had
their capital at Talkad, xiii. 167.
Gangaikandapur, town in Madras, iv.
465, 466.
Ganga Govind Singh, baniya of Warren
Hastings, his large fortune and splendid
sraddha, vii. 405, 406.
Gangal, lake in Kashmir, iv. 466.
Gangapur, town in Rajputana, iv. 466.
Gangaru. See Gangiru.
Gangawali, port in Bombay, iv. 466.
Ganges, river of N. India, iv. 466-472 ;
its course, 466-469; its traffic, 469-471 ;
its discharge and average rise, 471,
472; article 'India,' vi. 11; 16-32;
its river system and course, 16, 17 ;
discharge, 17; sanctity, 17, 18; the
fertilizer and highway of Bengal, 19,
20 ; traffic, 20, 21 ; great cities, 20, 21 ;
different stages in the life of, 21-25 ;
as a silt collector, 21, 22 ; as a land-
maker, 22, 23 ; section of a deltaic
channel of, 23 ; combined delta of the
Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Meghna,
24, 25 ; subterranean structure of the
Gangetic delta, 26 and footnote ; silt
brought down by, at Ghazipur, 27 and
footnote ; estimated silt of united river
system, 28 ; age of the Bengal delta, 28 ;
river irrigation, 28 ; the Ganges and
Jumna Canals, 28, 29; floods, 29 ; saline
deposits, 29 ; changes of channel, 30 ;
deserted river capitals, 30 ; the ' bore '
of the Ganges and Meghna, 30, 31 ;
the Goalanda railway station washed
away by, 31, 32 ; fluvial changes, allu-
vion and diluvion, 30, 32 ; navigation
on, 552.
Ganges Canals, vi. 28, 29 ; 532, 533.
Ganges Canal, irrigation work in N.-W.
Provinces, iv. 372-475. Local notices
— Aligarh, i. 169, 173, 175; Buland-
shahr, iii. 131 ; Cawnpur, iii. 280,
285 ; Etah, iv. 358 ; Etawah, iv. 367 ;
starts from Hardwar, v. 334 ; Mainpuri,
ix. 203 ; Meerut, ix. 382 ; Muzaffar-
nagar, x. 66, 67, 74 ; Rurki (head-
works), xii. 86 ; Saharanpur, xii. 1 14.
Ganges Canal, Lower, irrigation work in-
N.-W. Provinces, iv. 475-477. Local
7iolices— Etah, iv. 358, 362 ; Etawah,
iv. 367 ; Mainpuri, ix. 203.
Gangetic historical and commercial cities,
vi. 20 ; deserted cities, vi. 30.
Gangiru, town in N.-W. Provinces, iv.
477-
Gangoh, town in N.-W. Provinces, iv,
477-
Gangotri, mountain temple in N.-W.
Provinces, iv. 477, 478.
Gangpur, Native State in Chutia Nagpur,
iv. 478, 479 ; history, 478, 479.
Gangrov, town in Rajputana, iv. 479.
Ganguria, village in Bengal, iv. 479.
Gd>ijd or narcotic hemp. Excise duty on,
article ' India,' vi. 455 ; cultivated ia
Bogra, iii. 29 ; Berar, v. 270 ; Naogaon,
x. 199 ; Nimar, xi. 333 ; Rajshahi, xi.
433) 434-
Ganjam, District in Madras, v. 1-8 ;
physical aspects, 1-3; history, 3, 4 ;
population, 4, 5 ; agriculture, 6, 7 ;
natural calamities, 7 ; communications,
manufactures, etc., 7, 8; administra-
tion, 8.
Ganjam, idhik in Madras, v. 8, 9.
Ganjam, town in Madras, v. 9.
Ganjam. See Rishikuliya.
Ganjam, suburb of Seringapatam, v. 9.
Ganpat Rao Kharke, Sir, Diwan ot
Gwalior, v. 230.
Gantang, mountain pass in Punjab, v. 9.
Ganutia, town in Bengal, v. 9, lO.
Garag, town and tdli//; in Bombay, v. lo.
Garai, river in Bengal, v. 10, il.
Garamli Moti, State in Kathiawar,
v. II.
INDEX.
125
Garamli Nam, State in Bombay, v. 11.
Gaiaspur, town in Central India, v. II.
Garden Reach, suburb of Calcutta, v. II.
Gardens, 'of Splendour,' Ajmere, i. 133 ;
Zoological at Alipur, i. 180 ; the
Shalimar at Baghbanpur, i. 416, xii.
374 ; the Horticultural, the Lai Bagh
at Bangalore, ii. 68 ; at Bhakkar, ii.
358 ; Memorial at Cawnpur, iii. 290 ;
Chhindwara, iii. 403 ; Darjiling, iv.
141 ; Gonda, v. 157 ; Botanical at
Howrah, v. 465 ; Lai Bagh at Indore,
\\\. 9 ; Jahanabad (N.-W. P.), vii. 44 ;
Ram Newas Jaipur, vii. 60; Jehlam,
vii. 178 ; Kairana, vii. 308 ; Botanical
at Kalhatti, vii. 325 ; the Temple at
Kamthi, vii. 367 ; Karachi, vii. 453 ;
floating in Kashmir, viii. 72 ; Khajuha,
viii. 140 ; Kora, viii. 295 ; Kulbaya,
viii. 333 ; the Lawrence at Lahore,
viii. 417 ; Horticultural at Madras, ix.
105 ; Memorial at Miani (Bind), ix.
422 ; Multan, x. 12 ; Botanical at
Mussooree, x. 42 ; Nagpur, x. 174 ;
Peshawar, xi. 159 ; Raipur, xi. 377 ;
Rajamahendri, xi. 382 ; Agri-Horticul-
tural Society's at Rangoon, xi. 484 ;
Rawal Pindi, xii. 37 ; Rewari, xii. 56 ;
Sagar, xii. 109 ; Botanical at Saharan-
pur, xii. 120, 125 ; Seoni, xii. 315 ;
Shahdara, xii. 341 ; Sialkot, xii. 452 ;
Royal Botanical at Sibpur, xii. 458 ;
Sikandra, xii. 481 ; Srinagar (floating),
xiii. 77 ; Sultanpur, xiii. 105 ; Trivan-
drum, xiii. 370 ; Botanical at Utaka-
mand, xiii. 450 ; Wardha, xiii. 529.
Gardner, Col., made peace with the
Gurkhas (1815), and Commissioner of
Kumaun (1815-17), viii. 351.
Gardner, Major, defeated and killed at
Akauk-taung in second Burmese war,
V. 385-
Gargaon. See Garhgaon.
Gargariba. See Haiatpur.
Garh, State in Bombay, v. 11, 12.
Garha, historic town in Central Provinces,
V. 12.
Garha. See Gharra.
Garha Kalan, village in N.-W. Provinces,
V. 12.
Garhakota, town in Central Provinces, v.
12, 13.
Garhakota Ramna, teak forest in Central
Provinces, v. 14.
Garhauh, town in N.-W. Provinces, v. 14.
Garhbeta, town in Bengal, v. 14.
Garhbori, town and pa7-gand in Central
Provinces, v. 14.
Garhdiwala, town in Punjab, v. 14.
Garhgaon, historic town in Assam, v.
14, 15.
Garhi, estate in Central India, v. 15.
Garhi-Adu-Shah, town in Bombay, v. 15.
Garhi Yasin, town in Bombay, v. 15.
Garhumkhtesar, historic town in N.-W.
Provinces, v. 15, 16.
Garhshankar, town and tahsil in Punjab,
V. 16.
Garhvi, river of Central Provinces, v.
16.
Garhwal, District in N.-W. Provinces, v.
16 - 23 ; physical aspects, 16, 17 ;
history, 17-19; population, 19, 20;
agriculture, 20, 21 ; natural calamities,
21, 22 ; commerce and trade, 22 ;
administration, 22, 23 ; medical aspects,
23-
Garhwal, Native State in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, V. 23, 24.
Garias or tailors, degraded Muhammadan
class in Kamri'ip, vii. 360.
Garnets, found in Bantwal, ii. 104 ;
Kistna, viii. 226 ; Madras, ix. 6 ;
JNIadura, ix. 122 ; Mysore, x. 92; Pur,
xi. 296 ; Rapur, xi. 512 ; Udaipur,
xiii. 401.
Garnimetta, town in Madras, v. 24.
Garo Hills, District in Assam, v. 24-32 ;
physical aspects, 25, 26 ; history, 26,
27 ; population, 27 - 30 ; agriculture,
30, 31 ; manufactures, 31, 32 ; admini-
stration, 32 ; medical aspects, 32.
Garol, State in Bombay, v. 32.
Garola, estate in Central Provinces, v. 32.
Garos, aboriginal tribe in Assam, i. 351 ;
their manners and customs, v. 28-30 ;
in Goalpara, v. 115 ; Kamrup, vii.
355' 359 ; Kuch Behar, viii. 322 ;
Maimansingh, ix. 191, 192.
Garotha, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces, v.
32, 33-
Garrauli, State in Central India, v. 33.
Garstin, Capt. John, built the Govern-
ment granary at Patna (1784), xi. 109.
Garstin, Mr., quoted, on Pondicherri, xi.
198, 199.
Garuda-giri, hill peak in Mysore, v. 33.
Garudanadi, river in Madras, v. 33.
Garumari, forest reserve in Assam, v. 33.
Garvi. See Dang States.
Garwa, town in Bengal, v. 33, 34.
Gathar, town in Bombay, v. 34.
Gaudas, The, of the Talu country, rose in
insurrection (1837), iv. 31.
Gauhali, State in Bombay, v. 34.
Gauhati, town in Assam, v. 34, 35.
Gaulls, ancient ruling race in the C.
Provinces, now a crushed tribe, article
'India,' vi. 71. Local notices — Bhan-
dara, ii. 361 ; their kingdoms, iii. 301 ;
Dongarthal, iv. 314 ; Gawilgarh, v. 43.
Gaur, historic capital of Bengal, v. 35-41.
Gaura. See Gora.
Gaura Jamun, pargand in Oudh, v. 41.
Gaurangdihi, hills in Bengal, v. 41.
Gaurihar, State in Central India, v. 41.
126
INDEX.
Gauripur, villatje in Assam, v. 41, 42.
.Gautama Buddha, founder of the Buddhist
religion. Sec Buddha and Buddhism.
Gautama, founder of the Nyaya phil-
osophy of Indian logic, lived atGodna,
Gavipur, vallage in Mysore, v. 42.
.Gavridar, State in Kathiawar, v. 42.
Gawilgarh, hill range in Berar, v. 42.
Gawilgarh, hill fort in Berar, v. 42, 43.
Gawler, Col., his Sikkivi, quoted, xii.
484 ; commanded the .Sikkim expedi-
tion (1861), xii. 485.
Gaya, District in Bengal, v. 43-52 ; phy-
sical aspects, 43-45 ; history, 45, 46 ;
population, 46-49 ; agriculture, 49, 50 ;
natural calamities, 50 ; commerce and
trade, 50, 51 ; administration, 51, 52;
medical aspects, 52.
Gaya, Sub-division in Bengal, v. 52, 53.
Gaya, sacred town in Bengal, v. 53-
Gayawal Brahmans, a class in Gaya,
V. 46.
Gazelle, The Indian, article ' India,'
vi. 657. Local notices — Kaira, vii. 300;
Karni'il, viii. 35 ; Muzaffargarh, x. 58 ;
■Nallamalai Hills, x. 185 ; Upper Sind
Frontier, xiii. 440.
Gazzalhatti, pass in Madras, v. 53.
Gedi, State in Kathiawar, v. 53.
Geography of India. See Physical
aspects.
Geology of India, article ' India,' vi. chap,
xxii. pp. 631-640. Geology of the
Himalayas, 631 ; the central gneissic
axis, 631, 632 ; lower Himalayas,
. 633 ; the sub-Himalayas and Siwaliks,
632, 633 ; the Salt Range, 633 ; Indo-
Gangetic plain, its age, history, and
geological deposits, 633, 634 ; penin-
sular India, 634-639 ; the Vindhya
^ system, 635 ; Gondwana series, 635,
636 ; Panchet and Talcher group, 636 ;
Damodar series and coal-fields, 636-
638 ; Deccan trap and laterite, 638,
639 ; precious stones, 639 ; geological
structure of Burma, 639, 640. Local
notices — See Mount Abu, i. 5 ; Aden,
i. 15 ; Amherst, i. 235 ; Anamalai
Hills, i. 270; Andaman Islands, i. 2S3 ;
Aravalli Hills, i. 307, 308 ; North
Arcot, i. 311; Assam, i. 347; Ban-
galore, ii. 59; Bassein, ii. 193; Bastar,
ii. 204; Belgaum, ii. 231; Bengal,
ii. 271 ; Betul, ii. 328, 329 ; Bhandara,
ii. 360; Bhartpur, ii. 371; Birbhiim,
iii. I ; Bombay, iii. 40, 41 ; Broach,
■ iii. 102; Bundelkhand, iii. 151; Central
. Provinces, iii. 297, 298 ; Chitaldrug,
iii. 423 ; Coorg, iv. 31 ; the Deccan,
-iv. 165; Dharwar, iv. 258; Dungarpur,
iv. 322 ; the Ghats, v. 60, 61 ; Haidar-
.abad State, v. 241 ; Himalaya Moun-
tains, V. 409-412 ; Hindu Kush, v. 417;
Hoshangabad, v. 442, 443 ; Hoshiar-
pur, v. 450 ; Jabalpur, vii. 30 ; Jaipur,
vii. 51 ; Jashpur, vii. 145 ; Jhalawar,
vii. 198, 199; Jodhpur, vii. 236; North
Kanara, vii. 369 ; South Kanara, vii.
375 ; Karauli, vii. 470, 471 ; Karniil,
viii. 34, 35 ; Kashmir, viii. 62 ; Khan-
desh,viii. 151 ; Kolar.viii. 273; Konkan,
viii. 291 ; Kumaun, viii. 349 ; Madras,
ix. 4, 5 ; Madura, ix. 121 ; Western
Malwa, ix. 268, 269 ; Mandla, ix. 300 ;
Manipur, ix. 324 ; Mysore State,
x. 91, 92, District, x. 1 14; Nagpur,
x. 165 ; Nallamalai Hills, x. 185 ;
Narsinghpur, x. 217 ; Nasik, x. 228 ;
Nellore, x. 261 ; Panna, xi. 49 ; Pariir,
xi. 78 ; Rdipur, xi. 367 ; Rajputana,
xi. 400, 401 ; Ratnagiri, xii. 5 ; Rewa
Kantha, xii. 49 ; Sagar, xii. 100, loi ;
Sahyadri Hills, xii. 138 ; Salem, xii.
152, 153; Sambalpur, xii. 179; San-
doway, xii. 200 ; Sandur, xii. 206, 207 ;
Satpura Hills, xii. 288, .289 ; Seoni,
xii. 308, 309 ; Shahabad, xii. 324 ;
Shwe-gyin, xii. 430 ; Sirmur, xii. 553.
554 ; Aravalli Hills in Sirohi, xiii. 2 ;
Siwalik Hills, xiii. 43 ; Tanjore, xiii.
181 ; Tavoy, xiii. 228; Thon-gwa, xiii.
288; Tinnevelli, xiii. 298; Trichinopoli,
xiii- 355; Tiimkur, xiii. 375, 376;
Udaipur, xiii. 401 ; Vindhyan Moun-
tains, xiii. 475 ; Wardha, xiii. 522 ;
Wiin, xiii. 538.
Geonkhali, village and lighthouse in
Bengal, v. 53, 54.
Georgegarh, village in Punjab, v. 54-
Gericke, Lutheran missionary in Tinne-
velli, xiii. 304.
Germans in India. See Ostend and
Prussian.
Gewarda. See Giwarda.
Ghagar, river in Bengal, v. 54.
Ghaggar, river in Rajputana, v. 54, 55.
Ghagra. See Gogra.
Ghaibi Dero, estate in Bombay, v. 55.
Ghakkars, tribe in Rav/al Pindi, their
invasions of India, and their present
descendants, article ' India,' vi. 185.
Local notices — Gujrat, v. 190 ; Hazara,
V. 361, 363; Jehlam, vii. 168, 169, 170,
171; Rawal Pindi, xii. 23-25; their
numbers, xii. 26, 267.
Ghalias, Nepali tribe who come to
pasture their cattle in Darjiling, iv.
130.
Ghamar. See Gahmar.
Ghan, river of Berar, v. 55.
Ghanchis, Muhammadan class in the
Panch Mahals, xi. 31.
Ghara, name applied to the united streams
of the Beas and the Sutlej, till their
junction with the Chenab, v. 55.
INDEX.
127
Gharipuri. Sec Elephanta.
Gharo, village in Bombay, v. 56.
Gharra, State in Central India, v. 56.
Ghasi Das, founder of the sect of the
Satnamis in Chhatisgarh, iii. 312,
313-
Ghatal, town and Sub-division in Bengal,
Ghatampur, town and fahsil in N.-W.
Provinces, v. 56, 57.
Ghatampur, town and pargand in Oudh,
V; 57-
Ghatkul, pargand in Central Provinces,
^- 57-
Ghats, two ranges of mountains in
Southern India, v. 57-61.
Ghats, Eastern, mountain range along
the E. coast of India, article ' India,'
vi. 36 ; 38 ; forests of, 39.
Ghats, Western, mountain range along
the W. coast of India, article ' India,'
vi. 36 ; the Bhor Ghat pass, 36 ; Thai
Ghat pass, 37 ; Palghat pass, 37 ;
rivers of, 37, 38 ; rainfall, 38 ; forests,
39.
Ghdts or bathing steps, remarkable archi-
tecturally, at Benares, ii. 262, 264,
265 ; Brindaban, iii. 100; Bulandshahr,
iii. 142 ; Cawnpur, iii. 290 ; Chitarkot,
iii. 430; Deoband, iv. 199; DeraGhazi
Khan, iv. 218 ; Etawah, iv. 379 ; Gaur,
V. 39; Hardwar, v. 331, 333; Jas-
wantnagar, vii. 147 ; Kurundwad, viii.
377 ; Maghiana, ix. 139 ; Gokul, ix.
152; Maheswar, ix. 173; Mandhata,
ix. 294 ; Mirzapur, ix. 461 ; Murliganj,
X. 17; Muttra, x. 53; Pandharpur,
xi. 37; Pauni, xi. 120; Pukhra, xi.
239 ; Pushkar, xi. 335 ; Ramghat, xi.
449; Ramtek, xi. 466; Raver (C. P.),
xii. 14 ; Sadullapur, xii. 96, 97 ; Sagar,
xii. 108 ; Shiron, xii. 407 ; Sirajganj,
xii. 547 ; Soron, xiii. 67 ; Srinagar,
xiii. 76; Surajpur, xiii. 117; Tribeni,
xiii. 353; Wai, xiii. 509; Yedator,
xiii. 530.
Ghatwals, foraierly guardians of the
passes, now landholders in Hazaribagh,
V. 37i> 373-
Ghaus Khan, mutineer leader, held Koil
against the English (1857), xii. 482.
Ghaziabad, town and tahsil in N.-W.
Provinces, v. 61.
Ghazipur, District in N.-W. Provinces,
v. 61-70 ; physical aspects, 62 ; history,
62-65 ; population, 65-67 ; agriculture,
67, 68 ; natural calamities, 68 ; com-
merce and trade, 69 ; administration,
69, 70 ; sanitary aspects, 70.
Ghazipur, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces,
V. 70.
Ghazipur, city in N.-V/. Provinces, v.
70, 71.
Ghazipur, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces,
V; 11.
Ghazipur Khas, town in N.-W. Provinces,
V. 71.
Ghazi-ud-din Haidar, first king of Oudh
(1814-27), his buildings at Lucknow,
viii. 509.
Ghazi-ud-din-nagar. Sec Ghaziabad.
Ghazni, town in Afghanistan, v. 71-73.
Gheria. See Vijaiadrug.
Gheria, town in Bengal, v. 73 ; defeat of
Mir Kasim at, by Major Adams, article
'India,' vi. 386.
Ghes, estate in Central Provinces, v. 73.
Ghi or butter, exported from Baliraich, i.
432; Dera Ghazi Khan, iv. 215;
Etawah, iv. 370 ; Faridpur, iv. 405 ;
Gujranwala, v. 185; Gujrat, v. 194;
Gurgaon, v. 219 ; Hazara, v. 366 ;
Hazaribagh, v. 378 ; Kaira, vii. 307 ;
Kheri, viii. 196 ; Lalipur, viii. 455 ;
Lohardaga, viii. 484 ; Maimansingh,
ix. 198 ; Manbhum, ix. 285 ; Man-
durda, ix. 310; Melghat, ix. 403;
Miani, ix. 421; Monghyr, ix. 487;
Montgomery, ix. 500 ; Multan, x. 3 ;
Muzaffargarh, x. 63 ; Nariad, x. 212 ;
Partabgarh, xi. 73 ; Rajauli, xi. 386 ;
Rusera, xii. 87 ; Sahiwal, xii. 137 ;
Salaya, xii. 149 ; Sandila, xii. 198 ;
Shahpur, xii. 366 ; Somastipur, xiii.
50 ; Unao, xiii. 435 ; Wardha, xiii. 527.
Ghias-ud-din, Pathan king of Gaur, buried
at Badrihat, i. 410.
Ghilzais, tribe in Afghanistan, i. 41, 42 ;
Kandahar, vii. 389, 390.
Ghinghiz Khan, destroyed Farrah, i. 35 ;
left military colonies in the Kulni valley
of 1000 men, whence the name Hazara,
V. 361 ; took Kandahar (1222), vii.
392 ; overran the Punjab {1245), xi.
261.
Ghiyas-ud-din Balban. See Balban.
Ghiyas-ud-din Tughlak, founder of the
Tughlak dynasty (1320-24), article
'India,' vi. 283 ; founded Tughlakabad,
iv. 192.
Ghodbandar. See Ghorbandar.
Ghogha. See Gogo.
Ghogharo, town in Bombay, v. 73.
Gholghat, village in Bengal, v. 74.
Gholwad, town in Bombay, v. 74.
Ghor, Dynasty of ( 1 152-1206), Muham-
mad of Ghor's invasions, his first
defeats and ultimate conquest of N,
India and Bengal, article ' India,' vi.
275-278.
Ghora. See Jobat.
Ghorabari, tdhik in Bombay, v. 74.
Ghorasar, State in Bombay, v. 74-
Ghorbandar, port in Bombay, v. 74, 75-
Ghori dynasty, The, of Mahva (1387-
1526), ix. 267.
128
INDEX.
Ghoridn, town in Afghanistan, i. 36.
Ghotana, town in Bombay, v. 75.
Ghotki, town and tdltik in Bombay, v.
75- . .
Ghugus, village in Central Provinces, v.
75>,76.
Ghulab Singh, Raja of Kashmir and
Jamu, put down the Hazara rebellion
(1847), V. 362 ; annexed Iskardo, vii.
26 ; his history, viii. 61 ; conquest of
Ladakh, viii. 399, 400.
Ghulam, class of slaves, descendants of
captives taken in war in Peshawar, xi.
151-
Ghulam Haidar Khan, son of Dost Mu-
hammad, ruler of Kandahar (1855-57),
vii. 394-
Ghulam Kadir Khan, Rohdla chief, held
Aligarh, i. 270 ; defeated and killed by
Sindia (17S8), xii. I16.
Ghulam Kadir Khan, Nawab of Shahja-
hanpur, rose in the Mutiny, and ruled
that District (1857-58), xii. 345, 346.
Ghulam Muhammad, son of Tipu Sultan,
built mosque at Calcutta (1842), iii.
251.
Ghulam Nabi Khan Kalhora, ruler of
Sind (1777), killed in battle with Mir
Bijar Talpur, xii. 512.
Ghulam Shah Kalhora, ruler of Sind
(1757-62), founded Haidarabad, v. 287 ;
built great dam across Kori, viii. 298; his
history, xii. 512 ; allowed Company to
establish factory at Tatta (1758), xiii.
218.
Ghusal, mountain pass in Punjab, v, 76.
Ghusri, village in Bengal, v. 76.
Ghutasan Devi, hill pass in Punjab, v. 76.
Ghtitin ornodular limestone. See Kaukar.
Ghwalari, pass in Punjab, v. 76 ; article
' India,' vi. 6.
Gibbings, Capt., murdered at Sultanpur
(1857), xiii. 97.
Gibbon's Decline and Fall of the Roman
Empire, quoted, article ' India,' vi.
230 (footnote i); 239 (footnote 2).
Gibbs, Lt. J. E. , referred to, on the tank
at Rupgarh, xii. 83.
Gidhaur, town in Bengal, v. 76.
Gidhaur Gala, pass in Punjab, v. 77.
Gidu-jo-Tando, town in Bombay, v. 77.
Gigasaran, State in Kathiawar, v. 77.
Gigianis, Pathan tribe in Peshawar, xi.
149.
Gijigarh, town in Rajputana, v. 77.
Gilgaon, historic estate in Central Pro-
vinces, V. 77.
Gilghit, valley and district in Himalayas,
v. 77-81.
Gillespie, Gen. Sir R. R., killed at
Nalapani in the Gurkha war, x. 181 ;
put down mutiny at Vellore (1806),
xiii. 469.
Ginaur. Sec Gunaur.
Gingelly. See Oil-seeds.
Ginger, grown in Bengal, ii. 271, 304 ;
Cochin, iv. 5 ; Dungarpur, iv. 323 ;
Garo Hills, v. 31 ; Goa, v. 93 ;
Gwalior, v. 228 ; Haidarabad, v. 245 ;
Howrah, v. 463 ; Jhabua, vii. 195 ;
Kahlur, vii. 294 ; North Kanara, vii.
372 ; Kumaun, viii. 354 ; Mahram,
ix. 185 ; Malabar, ix. 229, 230; Mani-
pur, ix. 331 ; Mao-san-ram, ix. 343 ;
Nelliampati Hills, x. 260 ; Nepal, x.
277 ; Palni Mountains, xi. 19 ; Rang-
pur, xi. 496 ; Simla, xii. 493 ; Sirmur,
^ii- 555 j Sitapur, xiii. 35 ; Tarai, xiii.
209 ; Tipperah, xiii. 317.
Gingi, fort in Madras, v. 81-84 ; history,
83, 84 ; surrender of, by the French to
Sir Eyre Coote, article ' India,' vi. 380.
Gingi. See Ariakupum.
Gipsy clans, article 'India,' vi. 71.
Gir, range of hills in Kathiawar, v. 84.
Girar, town in Central Provinces, v. 84.
Girasias, aboriginal tribe in Sirohi, xiii.
4, 5- , .
Girdabadi, peak in Madras, v. 84.
Giridhi, Sub-division in Bengal, v. 84, 85.
Girishk, town in Afghanistan, i. 35.
Giriyak, village in Bengal, v. 85.
Girls' schools, article ' India,' vi. 478,
479. See also Education.
Girnar, sacred hill in Bombay, v. 85, 86.
Girwa, river of Nepal and Oudh, v. 86, 87.
Girwan, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces, v. 87.
Gita Govinda, The, or ' Divine Herds-
man,' the song of Krishna, article
• India,' vi. 128.
Glass and glass articles, made at Ahraura,
i. Ill; Anantapur, i. 278 ; Kalahasti
in North Arcot, i. 317, vii. 321 ;
Bangalore, ii. 64 ; Bellary, ii. 247 ;
Bhagalpur, ii. 350 ; Channapata, iii.
368 ; Chitaldri'ig, iii. 426 ; Dewa, iv.
235 ; Dharwar, iv. 264 ; Hiriyur, v.
423 ; by the Ghakkars in Sultanpur,
vii. 175 ; Kapadwanj, vii. 439 ; Pani-
pat in Karnal, viii. 25 ; Kelod, viii.
Ill; Kittur, viii. 238 ; Kolhapur, viii.
284 ; Koratagiri, viii. 296 ; Lucknow,
viii. 516; Mattod, ix. 366; Nagina,
x. 160; Nasirabad, x. 238; Panipat,
xi. 47; Sawansa in Partabgarh, xi. "Jt, ;
Rai Bareli, xi. 357; Rampur (N.-W.
P. ), xi. 460 ; Sohna, xiii. 48 ; Targaon,
xiii. 213 ; Tumkur, xiii. 379 ; Mangriil
in Wi'm, xiii. 544.
Glasson, Mr., opened first coffee planta-
tion in the Wainad (1840), ix. 31.
Glauber's salts {giilbar sora), found in
Saran, xii. 252.
Glazier, Mr., quoted, on the course of the
Tista, xiii. 331, 332; on its flood,
xiii. 332-334.
INDEX.
129
Gneiss, found or quarried, in the Ana-
malai Hills, i. 270 ; Aravalli Hills, i.
307 ; Bachireddipalem, i. 406 ; Banda,
ii. 46 ; Bangalore, ii. 59 ; the Deccan,
iv. 165 ; Dharwar, iv. 258 ; Dubrajpur,
iv. 318; Dungarpur, iv. 322; Gali-
konda Hills, iv. 460 ; the Ghats, v.
60 ; Haidarabad State, v. 241 ; the
Himalaya Mountains, v. 4 1 0-4 12 ; the
Hindu Kush, v. 417 ; jashpur, vii.
145 ; Jodhpur, vii. 236 ; South Kanara,
vii. 375 ; Kapargadi, vii. 440 ; Ku-
maun, viii. 349 ; Madras, ix. 4 ;
Madura, ix. 121 ; Mahendragiri, ix.
172 ; Malabar, ix. 218 ; Mysore State,
X. 92, District, x. 1 14 ; Nadol, x.
142 ; Nagari, x. 157 ; Nagpur, x. 165 ;
Nandidrug, x. 192 ; Nellore, x. 261 ;
Palni Mountains, xi. 17 ; Raipur, xi.
367; Salem, xii. 153; Sandur Hills,
xii. 209 ; Sankaridrug, xii. 221 ; Santal
Parganas, xii. 226 ; Sattanapalli, xii.
290 ; Seoni, xii. 308 ; Sirohi, xiii. 2 ;
Tinnevelli, xiii. 298 ; Trichinopoli, xiii.
355> 364-
Goa, Portuguese Settlement m W. India,
v. 87-106; physical aspects, 88, 89;
population, 89-92 ; agriculture, 92-95 ;
administration, 95-99 ; history, 99-106.
Goa city, v. 106-109 ; Nova Goa, 108 ;
supposed relics of St. Thomas at,
article 'India,' vi. 238; John de
Albuquerque, first bishop of (1539-53),
244 ; establishment of Archbishopric of,
245 ; Archbishop de Menezes( 1 596-99),
245 ; jurisdiction of the Goa Arch-
bishopric, 255, 256 ; capture of Goa
by Albuquerque (1510), 359.
Goalanda, Sub-division in Bengal, v. 109.
Goalanda, river mart in Bengal, v. 109-
III ; its railway station washed away
by the Ganges, article ' India,' vi. 31.
Goalas. See Ahirs.
Goalpara, District in Assam, v. 111-120;
physical aspects, III, 112; history,
II2-114; people, 114-I16; agriculture,
116, 117; mamifactures, 117, iiS ;
administration, I18, II9 ;' medical
aspects, 119, 120.
Goalpara, Sub-division in Assam, v. 120.
Goalpara, trading town in Assam, v. 120,
121.
Goats, article 'India,' vi. 521. Local
notices — Afghanistan, i. 39 ; Chanda,
iii- 353; Garhwal, v. 21, 22; Kani-
giri, vii. 432 ; Kashmir, viii. 73 ;
Kolaba, viii. 262 ; Kolar, viii. 276 ;
Ladakh, viii. 397 ; Udaipur, xiii. 402.
Goats, Wild, viarkhor, etc., article
' India,' vi. 657. Local notices — Ara-
kan Hill Tracts, i. 299 ; Baluchistan,
ii. 36 ; Bannu, ii. 90 ; Himalaya
Mou,ntains, v. 409 ; Hindu Kush, v.
VOL. XIV.
419 ; Kashmir, viii. 68 ; Ladakh, viii.
397 ; Lushai Hills, viii. 530 ; Peshawar,
xi. 147 ; Wardha, xiii. 524.
Gobardanga, town in Bengal, v. 121.
Gobardhan, historic town in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, V. 121.
Gobardhangiri, fortified hill in Mysore,
V. 121.
Gobind Chandra, last Raja of Cachar,
attacked by the Burmese, restored by
the British, and assassinated (1830),
iii. 231, 232.
Gobindpur. See Govindpur.
Gobra, village in Bengal, v. 121.
Gobra, village in Central Provinces, v.
121.
Godagari, village in Bengal, v. 121.
Godavari, District of Madras, v. 122-131 ;
physical aspects, 122, 123 ; history,
123-125 ; population, 125-127 ; agricul-
ture, 127-129; natural calamities, 129;
means of communication, manufactures,
trade, etc., 129 ; administration, 130 ;
medical aspects, 130; storms, 130, 131.
Godavari, river of Central India, v. 131-
134; article 'India,' vi. 7; irrigation
works, improvement of navigation on,
vi. 551, 552.
Godda, Sub-division in Bengal, v. 134.
Goddard, General, his march across India
during the first Maratha war, article
'India,' vi. 391. Local notices —
Stormed Ahmadabad (1780), i. 95 ;
besieged Arnala (1781), i. 331 ; made
treaty with Fateh Singh Gaekwar at
Baroda (1780), ii. 162; took Bassein
(Wasai) (1780), ii. 192; well received
in Bhopal, ii. 404 ; repulsed in the
Bhor Ghat, iii. 38 ; took Ramgarh
(1771), V. 371 ; assisted by the Nawab
of Kurai (1783), viii. 378.
Godhra, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, V. I34,_ 135.
Godna, town in Bengal, v. 135-137.
Godwin, Gen., relieved Pegu and defeated
the Burmese there in the second Bur-
mese war, xi. 128.
Gogha. See Gogo.
Goghat, village in Bengal, v. 137.
Gogo, town and Sub-division in Bombay,
V. 137. 138-
Gogra, river in Oudh, v. 138- 140.
Gogunda, town in Rajputana, v. 140.
Gohad, town in Central India, v. 140.
Gohana, town and tahsil in Punjab, v.
140, 141-
Gohels, clan of Rajput tdliikddrs, origin-
ally from Marwar, in Ahmadabad, i.
Gohelwar, tract in Kathiawar, v. 141,
Goitre, prevalent in Ambala, i. 224 ;
Assam, _i. 373; Bahraich, i. 433;
Bansi, ii. loi ; Bogra, iii. 32 ; Cham-
I
130
INDEX.
paran, in. 344; Darjiling, iv. 139;
Darrang, iv. 150; Fakrpur, iv. 390;
Gonda, v. 154; Hazara, v. 368;
Jalpaiguri, vii. 117; Jehlam, vii. 176;
Ivangra, vii. 427 ; Kashmir, viii. 76 ;
Kheri, viii. 197 ; Kuch Behar, viii.
327 ; Kulu, viii. 344 ; Kumaun, viii.
357 J Nowgong, X. 415; Padrauna, x.
526 ; Shahpur, xii. 367 ; Sibsagar, xii.
471 ; Simla, xii. 495 ; Sirmiir, xii. 535.
Gokak, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, V. 141, 142.
Gokaru, town in Bombay, v. 142.
Gokul, town in N.-W. Provinces, v. 142.
Gola, town in N.-W. Provinces, v. 142.
Gola, town in Oudh, v. 142, 143.
Golaghat, village and Sub-division in
Assam, v. 143.
Golconda, historic fortress and city
near Haidarabad, v. 143, 144 ; dia-
monds of, article 'India,' vi. 41, 628;
Muhammadan kingdom of (15 12- 16S8),
vi. 288.
Golconda, tdliik in Madras, v. 144, 145.
Gold, gold mining, and gold washing,
article 'India,' vi. 624, 625. Local
notices — Gold found in Afghanistan, i.
36 ; Alaknanda river, i. 162 ; Ambala,
i. 215; Assam, i. 348; Balaghat, i.
454) 456 ; Baluchistan, ii. 36 ; Bannu,
ii. 90 ; Betmangala, ii. 327 ; Bhairabi,
river, ii. 356; Bonai, iii. 85, 87;
Lower Burma, iii. 201, 202 ; Upper
Burma, iii. 211 ; Champaran, iii. 337 ;
Chanda, iii. 349 ; Cochin, iv. 2 ;
Coorg, iv. 32 ; Darrang, iv. 142 ;
Devaia, iv. 231; Dharwar, iv. 258;
Gangpur, iv. 478 ; Garhwal v. 22 ;
Gilghit, V. 79, 80 ; Heggadadevankot,
v. 382 ; Henzada, v. 384 ; the Hima-
laya Mountains, v. 412; the Hindu
Kush, v. 417 ; Hoshiarpur, v. 452 ;
Jashpur, vii. 145; Jehlam, vii. 167,
175; South Kanara, vii. 376; Kangra,
vii. 412 ; Kashmir, viii. 67 ; the
Kauriala river, viii. 103; Kolar (mines),
viii. 273 ; Lakhimpur, viii. 427 ; Lohar-
daga, viii. 476, 477 ; IMadras, ix. 5, 6 ;
Madura, ix. 122; Mandi, ix. 298;
Mergui, ix. 407 ; Mysore, x. 92, 107,
114; Peshawar, xi. 146; Rabkob
(mines), xi. 340 ; Rawal Pindi, xii.
22 ; Salem, xii. 153 ; Sambalpur, xii.
179; Seoni, xii. 309; Shwe-gyin, xii.
430 ; Sibsagar, xii. 460 ; Singh bhiim,
xii. 531 ; the Subansiri river, xiii. 84;
Talcher, xiii. 164 ; Tavoy, xiii. 228 ;
Tiimkur, xiii. 376 ; Udaipur (Bengal),
xiii. 411, 412; the Wainad, xiii. 510-
512.
Gold and silver, Imports of, article
'India,' vi. 562, 568, 569.
Goldingham, Mr., first astronomer at
the Madras Observatory (1792), article
'India,' vi. 117.
Goldsmid, Gen. Sir F. J-, spells Khelat,
Kalat, viii. 188; quoted, on the history
of Shikarpur, xii. 386-390.
Goldsmith caste in Madras, article 'India,'
vi. 196.
Goldsmiths' and jewellers' work, etc.,
article 'India,' vi. 605, 606. Local
notices — Ahmadabad, i. 87, 96 ; Allah-
abad, i. 199 ; Assam, i. 367 ; Auras,
i. 388 ; Bara, ii. 105 ; Bardwan, ii.
132; Benares, ii. 266; Bombay, iii.
60 ; Lower Burma, iii. 198 ; Upper
Burma, iii. 218 ; Chittagong, iii. 441 ;
Cutch (silver), iv. 62 ; Dabha (silver
snuff-boxes), iv. 76 ; Dacca, iv. 86 ;
Delhi, iv. 197 ; Ghatampur Kalan, v.
57 ; Goalpara, v. 117 ; Gopamau
(silver thumb -mirrors), v. 163; Guj-
ranwala, v. 187; Gujrat (gold inlaid
with iron), v. 197 ; Haidarabad (Sind),
V. 288 ; Jaipur, vii. 53 ; Kangra, vii.
430 ; Kashmir, viii. 74 ; Khairpur,
viii. 135, 137; Khasi Hills, viii. 178;
Kishangarh, viii. 224 ; Lucknow, viii.
516; Madras, ix. 54; Makhi, ix. 215;
Mandalay, ix. 290 ; Maulmain, ix.
371; Mauranwan, ix. 374; Nasik, x.
233 ; Nowgong, x. 412 ; Panipat
(silver beads), xi. 47 ; Partabgarh
(Rajputana), xi. 77 ; Poena, xi. 209,
213 ; Rampur, xi. 459 ; Rasiilabad, xi.
516; Rohri, xii. 68; Saharanpur, xii.
122; Sarai Saleh, xii. 250; Sujanpur
Tira, xiii. 89; Susumau, xiii. 139;
Tando Muhammad Khan, xii. 178 ;
Tanjore, xiii. 196 ; Tipperah, xiii.
319 ; Trichinopoli, xiii. 364, 365 ;
Tumkur, xiii. 379 ; Vizagapatam
(silver), xiii. 494, 498.
Gold and silver lace, wire, thread, twist,
etc. See Embroidery.
Gold, Cloth of. See Brocade.
Gold inlaid work. See Enamelling.
Gollagudem, village in Madras, v. 145.
Collars, tribe of wandering jugglers in
Dharwar, iv. 260.
Golugonda. See Golconda.
Gonial. See Gumal.
Gomeswara, Colossal statue of, at Shra-
van-belgola, Mysore, xii. 425.
Gomukh Swami, a devotee, his sanctity
and temple at Uniarkher, xiii. 420.
Gonda, District of Oudh, v. 145-154;
physical aspects, 145- 147 ; history,
147-150; population, 150, 151; agri-
culture, 151 - 153 ; communications,
trade, commerce, 153 ; administration,
153, 154; medical aspects.
Gonda, tahsil'\\\ Oudh, v. 154.
Gonda, /ar^rtz/a in Oudh, v. 155, 156.
Gonda, town in Oudh, v. 156, 157.
INDEX.
131
Gondal, State in Kathiawar, V. 157.
Gondal, town in Kathiawar, v. 1 58.
Gond-umri, estate in Central Provinces,
V. 158.
Gondsj aboriginal tribe in the Central
Provinces, article 'India,' vi. 55, 71,
187, 189. Local notices, in Ath-
mallik, i. 378 ; Balaghat, i. 455 ;
Balasor, ii. 6 ; Bamra, ii. 42 ; Bastar,
ii. 205 ; Betul, ii. 330 ; Bhandara, ii.
362 ; Bilaspur, ii. 449 ; Bonai, iii. 86 ;
a few in Borasambar, iii. 89 ; the first
colonists of Bundelkhand, iii. 154 ; in
Central India, iii. 295 ; in the Central
Provinces, their origin and history, iii.
305-307 ; their tribes, iii. 307, 308 ;
their appearance, manners, and customs,
iii. 308, 309 ; their religion, iii. 309-
311 ; in Champaran, iii. 338 ; in
Chanda, iii. 349, 351 ; Chang Bhakar,
iii. 367 ; their chiefs in Chhindwara
helped Apa Sahib (1818), iii. 399;
their numbers in Chhindwara, iii. 400 ;
Chichgarh, iii. 408 ; in the Chutia
Nagpur Tributary States, iii. 462, 463,
464 ; in Cuttack, iv. 69 ; Damoh, iv.
109, no. III ; Dawa, iv. 162; Ghes,
V. 73 ; Haidarabad State, v. 247 ;
Hoshangabad, v. 445 ; Indore, vii. 3 ;
Jabalpur, vii. 32; Keunjhar, viii. 120;
Khajri, viii. 139 ; Kharsal, viii. 168 ;
Korea, viii. 297 ; Lalitpur, viii. 451 ;
Lohardaga, viii. 480 ; Loisinh, viii.
488 ; ^lachida, viii. 535 ; Maihar, ix.
189; Manbhum, ix. 280; Mandla, ix.
303 ; Nagpur, x. 169 ; Narsinghpur,
X. 220 ; Nimar, x. 332 ; Orissa, x.
436 ; Orissa Tributary States, x. 472 ;
Pal Lahara, xi. 13 ; Panabaras, xi. 24 ;
Panna, xi. 50; Patna State, xi. 1 16;
Purara, xi. 299 ; their legends, history,
and organization in Raipur, xi. 368,
369; their numbers there, xi. 371 ; in
Rajoli, xi. 391 ; Rewa, xii. 48 ; Sagar,
xii. 104; Sambalpur, xii. 182; Saran,
xii. 253 ; Sarguja, xii. 267 ; Seoni, xii.
311 ; Shahabad, xii. 327 ; Singhbhum,
xii. 536 ; Sohawal, xiii. 47 ; Wardha,
xiii. 525 ; Wim, xiii. 541 ; their pecu-
liarities there, xiii. 542.
Gonds, Dynasties of the, seated at Ballal-
pur, ii. 17 ; of Kherla, seated at Betul,
ii. 329 ; in the Central Provinces, iii.
301, 302; of Deogai-h, iv. 202, 203;
of Garha Mandla, v. 12, ix. 301, 302.
Gondwana. See Central Provinces.
Gondwana, Geology of, article 'India,'
vi. 635, 636.
Gonikoppal, township in Coorg, v. 158.
Gonzales, Sebastian, Portuguese adven-
turer, became a prince in Arakan, i.
152; at Sandwip Island, iii. 173;
chief of the Portuguese pirates in Noak-
hali (1609), his power and policy,
X. 342.
Goomsar. See Gumsar.
Goona, tract in Central India, v. 158,
159.
Goona, town in Central India, v. 159,
160.
Gooty, town and tdliik in Madras, v.
160, 161.
Gopalganj, town in Bengal, v. 161.
Gopalgarh, town in Rajputana, v. 161.
Gopalnagar, town in Bengal, v. 161.
Gopalpur, town in Madras, v. 161, 162.
Gopalswami-betta, peak in Mysore, v.
162.
Gopamau, town a.nd pa rgand in Oudh, v.
162, 163.
Gora, town in N.-W. Provinces, v. 163.
Gorabazar, town in Bengal, v. 163.
Goraghat, historic town in Bengal, v.
163.
Gorai. See Garal.
Gorakhpur, District in N.-W. Provinces,
v. 164-172; physical aspects, 164,
165; history, 165-167; population,
167, 168 ; village communities, 168,
169; agriculture, 169, 170 ; natural
calamities, 170 ; commerce and trade,
170, 171; administration, 171, 172;
sanitary aspects, 172.
Gorakhpur, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces,
v. 172.
Gorakhpur, city in N.-W. Provinces, v.
172, 173-
Gordon, Major, defeated the mutineers at
Bisauli (1858), iii. 119.
Gordon, R., believes the Tsan-pu to be
the Irawadi, iii. 94, vii. 19 ; his in-
vestigations into the discharge of the
Irawadi, vii. 21, 22.
Gorhjhamar, tahsil \n Central Provinces,
^•. ^73- ,
Gori-bidniir, village in Mysore, v. 173.
Goriganga, river in N.-W, Provinces, v.
173-
Gorinda Parsandan, pargand in Oudh,
V.I73-
Gosainganj, town in Oudh, v. 173, 174.
Gosainganj. See Ahankaripur.
Gossner, Bavarian missionary, founded
the Chutia Nagpur mission ( 1S44), viii.
481.
Gostanadi, river in INIadras, v. 174.
Gosthani, river in INIadras, v. 174.
Gotardi, State in Bombay, v. 174.
Gough, Lord, battles of Chilanwala and
Gujrat, article 'India,' vi. 412, 413.
Local notices — Battle of Chilianwala
(1849), iii. 414, 415; battle of Firoz-
shah (1845), iv. 449; victory of Gujrat
(1S49), v. 190; his encampment at
Hingona during the negotiations of
1843, V. 423 ; victory of Maharajpur
132
INDEX.
(1843), ix. 166 ; battle of Mudki
(1845), i^- 528 ; his second Sikh cam-
paign, xi. 266 ; engagement at Ram-
nagar (1848), xi. 452 ; victory of
Sobraon (1846), xiii. 45.
Gough, Sir Charles, his junction with
Sir Frederick Roberts at Kabul (1879),
vii. 274.
Governors, Governors-General, and Vice-
roys of India (1757 - 1885), article
' India,' vi. 384.
Govind, the tenth Sikh guru, organized
the Sikhs into a military common-
wealth, i. 256, xi. 262, 263.
Govindgarh, fortress in Punjab, v. 174.
Govindpur, Sub-division in Bengal, v. 175.
Gowan, Col., Commissioner of Kumaun
(1835), viii. 351-
Gowdie, Major, took Rayakottai (1791),
xii. 40.
Gowhatty. See Gauhati.
Grain-trade, Centres of, Agra, i. 76 ;
Ambala, i. 226 ; Cawnpur, iii. 293 ;
Deori, iv. 205 ; English Bazar, iv,
253; Gadawara, iv. 457; Ghaziabad,
V, 61; Gola (N.-W. P.), V. 142;
Gorakhpur, v. 173 ; Gujrat, v. 197 ;
Isakapalli, vii. 24 ; Jabalpur, vii. 37 ;
Khamgaon, viii. 143 ; Ludhiana, viii.
526; Mirpur Batoro, ix. 451; Nar-
singhpur, x. 224; Nawabganj, x. 248;
Niir Mahal, x. 418; Pambam, xi. 23 ;
Patna, xi. 1 1 1 ; Raipur, xi. 378 ;
Rajanpur, xi. 384 ; Ramnagar, xi.
452; Rampur (N.-W. P.), xi. 460;
Rawal Pindi, xii. 38 ; Rehli, xii. 42 ;
Rewari, xii. 56 ; Rupar, xii. 83 ;
Rusera, xii. 87 ; Saadatganj, xii. 87 ;
Sirsa, xiii. 20 ; Soron, xiii. d"] ; Tala-
gang, xiii. 162 ; Tirupatur, xiii. 327 ;
Tumsar, xiii. 382 ; Turtipar, xiii. 385 ;
Tuticorin, xiii. 386 ; Umarpur, xiii.
421 ; Wardha, xiii. 527 ; Zamaniah,
xiii. 560.
Gram. See Pulses.
Gramang, village in Punjab, v. 175.
Grammaj- of the Sindhi Language, by Dr.
E. Trumpp, quoted, article ' India,'
vi. 335-
Granary, The Government, at Patna
(1754), xi. 109.
' Grand Army,' The, of Aurungzeb, and
its twenty years' campaign in the
Deccan, article ' India,' vi. 308, 309.
'Grand Trunk Road,' The, article
' India,' vi. 550.
Grandpre's description of old Calcutta,
quoted, iii. 243, 244.
Granite, found or quarried, Anantapur,
i. 273 ; Aravalli Hills, i. 307 ; Assam,
i. 347 ; Badarsa, i. 408 ; Banda, ii.
46 ; Belgaum, ii. 231 ; Bhandara, ii.
360 ; Birbhum, iii. I ; Bundelkhand,
iii. 151 ; Chengalpat, iii. 381 ; Cochin,
iv. 2 ; Coorg, iv. 31 ; Dalhousie, iv.
97 ; the Deccan, iv. 165 ; the Dhaola
Dhar, iv. 245 ; Dubrajpur, iv. 318 ;
the Ghats, v. 60 ; Girwan, v. 87 ;
Goalpara, v. 112; Gooty, v. 160;
Haidarabad State, v. 230 ; Hassan, v.
346 ; Hindu Kush, v. 417 ; Hoshanga-
bad, V. 442 ; Jabalpur, vii. 30 ; Jaipur,
vii. 51 ; Jashpur, vii. 145 ; Jhansi, vii.
216; Jodhpur, vii. 236; Kaira, vii.
300 ; North Kanara, vii. 369 ; South
Kanara, vii. 375 ; Kathiawar, viii.
89 ; Kolar, viii. 273 ; Kumaun, viii.
349 ; Kyaik-ti-yo, viii. 383 ; Madras,
ix. 4; Madura, ix. 121 ; Mandar Hill,
ix. 292 ; Mandla, ix. 300 ; Manipur,
ix. 324; Mergui Islands, ix. 412;
Mysore State, x. 91, District, x. 114 ;
Nadol, X. 142 ; Nagari, x. 157 ; Panch
Mahals, xi. 29 ; Punganur, xi. 243 ;
Rewa Kantha, xii. 49 ; St. Thomas'
Mount, xii. 143 ; Salem, xii. 153 ;
Sankaridrug, xii. 293 ; Secunderabad,
xii. 302 ; Sirmur, xiii. 553 ; Sirdhi,
xiii. 2 ; Sultanganj, xiii. 95 ; Nat-taung
Mountains, xiii. 220 ; Tavoy, xiii. 228 ;
Tharawadi, xiii. 271 ; Tinnevelli, xiii.
298 ; Udaipur, xiii. 401 ; Wairagarh,
xiii. 513; Walaja, xiii. 515. See also
Quarries.
Grant, Charles, rescued Old Mission
Church of Calcutta, iii. 252.
Grant, Sir Charles, quoted, on the
appearance of the Central Provinces,
iii. 298.
Grant, Sir Hope, defeated the mutineers
at Shamsabad (1858), iii. 119; at
Nawabganj, x. 248 ; at Biswan (1858),
xiii. T,T,.
Grant, J., quoted, on Rajshahi in 1786,
xi. 429, 430.
Grant, Sir John Peter, Lieut. -Governor
of Bengal (1859-62), ii. 279.
Grant Duff, his History of the Mardthds,
quoted, article ' India,' vi., chap. xii.
pp. 317-323 (footnotes, /ajj-Zw) ; tutor
to Raja of Satara (1818-22), xii. 278.
Grant Duff, Sir M. E. G., Governor of
Madras (1881-86), ix. 67.
Grapes, grown in Afghanistan, i. 38
Akola, i. 143 ; Baluchistan, ii. 36
Chini, iii. 417 ; Chitral, iii. 432
Ellichpur, iv. 345 ; Daulatabad, v
245 ; Hasilpur, v. 344 ; Jalgaon-Jum-
bod, vii. 106 ; Kandahar, vii. 391 ;
Kangra, vii. 412 ; Karachi, vii. 452 ;
Kashmir, viii. 'JX, 72; Khab, viii. 121 ;
Kunawar, viii. 361; Nasik, x. 232;
Nilgiri Hills, x. 313; Penukonda, xi.
135 ; Peshawar, xi. 146 ; Poona, xi.
207, 208 ; Sind, xii. 520 ; Jacobabad
on the Upper Sind Frontier, xiii. 446.
INDEX,
133
Graphite, found in Lower Burma, iii.
201 ; Coorg, iv. 32 ; Madura, ix.
121.
Gray, A., on the Maldive Islands,
quoted, ix. 250.
Greathed, General Sir E. H., defeated
mutineers, and relieved siege of Agra
fort (1857), i. 70; defeated mutineers
at Bulandshahr (1857), iii. 134 ;
marched through Cawnpur (1857), iii.
283, 291 ; occupied Dadri (1857), iv.
93 ; destroyed fort of Malagarh, ix.
256 ; relieved siege of Sikandarabad
(1857), xii. 478.
Greek influence on Indian art and archi-
tecture, article 'India,' vi. 112; 170,
171.
Greeks in India, The (327 to 161 B.C.),
article 'India,' vi., chap. vi. pp.
163-173. Early Greek writers, 163 ;
Megasthenes, the Greek Ambassador
to the Court of Chandra Gupta, 163,
164 ; Alexander the Great's expedition
to India, 163- 166 ; his defeat of Porus,
164, 165 ; his advance through the
Punjab and Sind, 165, 166 ; cities
founded by Alexander, 164, 165 ;
results of his Indian expedition, 166 ;
Greek military settlements, 166 ; ces-
sion of the Punjab and Sind to Chan-
dra Gupta by Seleukos, 167 ; Megas-
thenes' embassy to Chandra Gupta's
Court, 163, 164 ; 167 ; the India of
Megasthenes, 168-170; ancient petty
Indian kingdoms, 170; Indo-Greek
treaty (256 B.C.), 170; later Greek
invasions of India, 170 ; Greek in-
fluence on Indian art, II2; 170, 171 ;
Greek and Hindu types of sculpture,
171 ; Greeks in Bengal, 172 ; Greek
survivals in India, 172; the Yavanas,
172, 173- For local notices, j-^^ Alex-
ander, Arrian, and Megasthenes.
Green, Sir W. H. R., his mission to
Khelat, ii. 32 ; his article in the Ency-
cLopcedia Britannica, used for Balu-
chistan, ii. 27.
Gressly, Capt., his report on Shorapur
(1841), xii. 423.
Grey, Sir John, defeated the Marathas at
Mangor, ix. 316; at Panniar (1843),
xi. 51.
Grey, Sir William, Lieut. -Governor of
Bengal (1867-71), ii. 279.
Gribble, Mr., quoted, on the Gandikot
fort, iv. 464 ; on the Palkonda Hills,
xi. II ; on the Yellamala Hills, xiii.
552, 553-
Griffin, Sir Lepel, quoted, on the famme
of 1783 in Patiala, xi. 89.
Griffiths, Dr., visited the Mishmi Hills
(1836), ix. 463 ; his description of a
Mishmi house, ix. 464.
Growse, Mr., his Alathuni referred to,
^•53-
Growth of trading and industrial cities
under the English, article ' India, vi.
556, 557-
Guaranteed railways, The eight great
lines of, article ' India,' vi. 546, 547.
Guasuba, river in Bengal, v. 175.
Guavas, grown in Allahabad, i. 190 ;
Baluchistan, ii. 36; Broach, iii. 102;
Buldana, iii. 146 ; Upper Burma, iii.
210; Ellichpur, iv. 345; Kangra, \-ii.
412; Karachi, vii. 452; Lahore, viii.
410 ; Mergui, ix. 409; Nasik, x. 232;
N.-W. Provinces, x. 381 ; Oudh, x.
482 ; Satara, xii. 277 ; Shevaroy
Hills, xii. 383 ; Sitapur, xiii. 35 ;
Tavoy, xiii. 232.
Gubbi, town in Mysore, v. 175, 176.
Gubbins, Mr., president of the council
for the defence of the Residency at
Lucknow (1857), viii. 513.
Gudalur, pass in Madras, v. 176.
Gudaliir, town in Madras, v. 176.
Gudiatham, town and taluk in Madras,
V. 176, 177.
Gudibanda, village and taluk in Mysore,
V. 177.
Gudiwara, village and taluk in Madras,
v. 177.
Gudur, taluk in Madras, v. 177.
Gudur, town in Madras, v. 177, 178.
Gudur, town in Madras, v. 178.
Gugera, town and tahsil in Punjab, v.
178.
Guindy, village in Madras, v. 178.
Guinea-worm, prevalent in Ahmadnagar,
i. 107 ; Ajmere-Merwara, i. 131 ; Bik-
aner, ii. 439 ; Cutch, iv. 64 ; Damoh,
iv. 113; Firozpur, iv. 446; Plaidara-
bad (State), v. 243 ; Jaisalmer, yii. 66;
Jehlam, vii. 176; Jodhpur, vii. 240;
Kaladgi, vii. 340; Nellore, x. 271;
Shahpur, xii. 367 ; Sholapur, xii.
419.
Gujainli, village in Punjab, v. 178.
Gujar Khan, tahsil in Punjab, v. 178,
179.
Gujarat, Province in Bombay, v. 179.
Gujars, Muhammadan class, generally
cattle graziers, important in Ajmere-
Merwara, i. 124 ; Ambala, i. 218 ;
Bulandshahr, iii. 137; graze their
cattle in Chamba, iii. 329 ; their in-
surrection in Dehra Dun (1824), iv.
172; Delhi, iv. 182; Dholpur, iv.
274, 275; Gujrat, V. 189, 191, 192;
Gurdaspur, v. 209 ; Hazara, v. 361,
363, 364 ; Hoshiarpur, v. 454, 455 ;
plundered Husainpur during the Mutiny,
V. 503 ; in Jehlam a thriving class, vii.
170; in the Kagan valley, vii. 293;
Karnal, viii. 23 ; Khandesh, viii. 154;
134
INDEX.
Kotaha, viii. 309 ; Landaura, viii.
459 ; Ludhiana, viii. 521 ; Meerut,
ix. 386 ; Muzaffarnagar, x. 71 ; Raj-
. putana, xi. 408, 410; Rawal Pindi,
xii. 22, 27 ; Rohtak, xii. 72 ; Saharan-
pur, xii. 118, 119; Sialkot, xii. 444.
Gujar Singh, Sikh General of the Bhanji
Confederacy, conquered Firozpur
(1763), iv. 440; defeated the Ghak-
kars and conquered Gujrat (1765), v.
190 ; improved the fort of Gujrat, v.
196 ; by his victory over the Ghakkars
won also Jehlam, vii. 169 ; and Rawal
Pindi, xii. 24.
Gujranwala, District in Punjab, v. 179-
187; physical aspects, 179, 180; his-
tory, 180-182; population, 182-184;
agriculture, 184, 185 ; commerce and
trade, 185, 186 ; administration, 1S6 ;
sanitary aspects, 186, 187.
Gujranwala, town and tahsil in Punjab,
V. 187.
Gujrat, District in Punjab, v. 188-195 ;
physical aspects, 188, 189 ; history,
189-191 ; population, 191, 192 ; agri-
culture, 193, 194 ; commerce and
trade, 194 ; administration, 194, 195 ;
medical aspects, 195.
Gujrat, tahsUm. Punjab, v. 195, 196.
Gujrat, town in Punjab, v. 196, 197 ;
battle of, article ' India,' y\. 413.
Gulariha, town in Oudh, v. 197.
Guledgarh, town in Bombay, v. 197.
Guleri. See Gumal.
Gulikalmala, hill in Madras, v. 197.
Guma, Dwar in Assam, v. 197, 198.
Guma, village in Punjab, v. 198.
Gumal, pass from Punjab into Afghani-
stan, V. 198.
Gumani, river in Bengal, v. 198.
Gumani, river in N. Bengal, v. 198.
Gumar. See Guma.
Gum-arabic, found in Nimar, x. 334.
Gumgaon, town in Central Provinces, v.
198.
Gumnayakan-palya, village and taluk in
Mysore, v. 198, 199.
Gums, found in Akola, i. 143 ; Anamalai
Hills, i. 271; Basim, ii. 184; Bhan-
dara', ii. 361, 365 ; Bombay, iii. 45 ;
Buldana, iii. 143; Bundi, iii. 157;
Cochin, iv. 2 ; Dungarpur, iv. 322 ;
Dera Ghazi Khan, iv. 210 ; Gaya, v.
44 ; Haidarabad, v. 245 ; Henzada,
V. 384 ; Jabalpur, viii. 33 ; Kamnip,
• '^'ii- 355 ; South Kanara, vii. 376 ;
Ranker, vii. 434 ; Kawardha, viii.
106 ; Lalitpur, viii. 447 ; Makrai, ix.
215; Malabar, ix. 229; the Melghat,
ix. 403 ; Monghyr, ix. 480, 481 ;
Nimar, x. 334; N.-W. Provinces, x.
380 ; Nowgong, x. 407 ; Rawal Pindi,
: xii. 22 ; Rewa, xii. 46 ; Sakti, xii.
148 ; Sitapur, xiii. 30 ; Surgana, xiii.
136; Tavoy, xiii. 229; Wardha, xiii.
526 ; Wun, xiii. 543.
Gumsiir, town and taluk in Madras, v.
799;
Gumti, river in Oudh, v. 199, 200.
Gumti, river in Bengal, v. 200, 201.
Giina Agency, tract in Central India, v.
201.
Gunas, pass in Punjab, v. 201.
Gun-carriage, factory at Fatehgarh, iv.
420, 421.
Gund, hill in Punjab, v. 201.
Gundamorla Bar, sea-opening in Nellore
District, IMadras, v. 201.
Gundar, river in Madras, v. 201.
Gundardihi, estate in Central Provinces,
V. 201.
Gundiali, State in Bombay, v. 202.
Gundlakamma, river in jNIadras, v. 202.
Gundlamau, pargand in Oudh, v. 202.
Gundlupet, village and taluk in Mysore,
V. 202, 203.
Gundwa, pargana in Oudh, v. 203.
Gun foundries, Cossipur, iv. 44; Man-
dalay, ix. 291. See Arsenals.
Guni, tdhik in Bombay, v. 203, 204.
Gunnaur, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, V. 204.
Gunny -bags, Exports of, article ' India,'
vi. 576 ; 614-616.
Gunny-bags, manufactured, at Barsoi, ii.
177 ; in Bengal, ii. 308 ; Dinajpur, iv.
294, 295 ; Hassan, v. 350 ; Narsipur,
X. 225 ; Pabna, x. 517 ; Pulikonda, xi.
240 ; Purniah, xi. 328 ; Rayachoti, xii.
39 ; Wardha, xiii. 527 ; Wun, xiii.
544. See also Jute.
Gunpowder, made by the Hazaras, i. 43.
Giinther, Dr., his Study of Fishes, re-
ferred to, ix. 96.
Guntiir, taluk in Madras, v. 204.
Guntur, town in Madras, v. 204, 205.
Gupta, ancient Indian dynasty in N. India
(319-470 A.D.), their struggle with and
overthrow by an invasion of Scythians
or White Huns, article ' India,' vi. 182.
Local 7iotices — Their capital at Kanauj,
iv. 410 ; inscriptions at Bhitu in Ghazi-
pur, V. 62 ; ruled over Kathiawar,
viii. 90; Miiltan, x. 4; N.-W. Pro-
vinces, x. 362, 362. See also Chandra
Gupta.
Guptasar, sacred cave in Bengal, v. 205.
Gtu-al, The, or Himalayan chamois, found
in Kashmir, viii. 68 ; Kumaun, viii.
349-
Gurdaspur, District in Punjab, v. 205-
213; physical aspects, 205-207; his-
tory, 207-209; population, 209, 210;
condition and occupation of the people,
210 ; agriculture, 210-212 ; natural
calamities, 212 ; commerce, etc. ;
INDEX.
135
administration, 213 ; medical aspects,
213;
Gurdaspur, tahsil in Punjab, v. 213, 214.
Gurdaspur, town in Punjab, v. 214.
Gurdit Singh, Sikh Raja of Ladwa, took
Karnal from George Thomas {1795),
but had to surrender it to the Company
(180
:3h
vn. 21.
Gurgaon, District in Punjab, v. 214-223 ;
physical aspects, 215, 216 ; history,
216, 217; population, 217,218; gene-
ral condition and occupation of the
people, 218-220 ; agriculture, 220, 221 ;
natural calamities, 221 ; commerce and
trade, 221 ; administration, 222, 223 ;
medical aspects, 223.
Gurgaon, tahsil in Punjab, v. 223.
Gurgaon, town in Punjab, v. 223, 224.
Gurgchha, town in Central India, v.
324-
Gurha. See Gharra.
Guriattam. See Gudiatham.
Gurjipara, village in Bengal, v. 224.
Gurkha, village in Nepal, v. 224.
Gurkhas, The, or Nepalis, their services
during the Mutiny, article ' India,' vi.
421. Local notices — Conquered Dehra
Dun (1803), iv. 171 ; overran Dhami,
iv. 239; conquered Garhwal (1803),
V. 18 ; recovered Gorakhpur District
from the mutineers (Jan. 1858), v. 167 ;
overran Hindiir, v. 420 ; defeated the
Katochis at Mahal Mori (1806), but
were driven out of Kangi-a by Ranjit
Singh (1809), vii. 416; invaded Kumaun
(1790), but were expelled by the Eng-
lish (181 5), viii. 351 ; failed to conquer
Kunawar, viii. 362 ; conquered Mahlog,
ix. 181 ; invaded the Sikhs ( 1 7S8, 1792),
and in 1792 were defeated by the
Chinese, xii. 484, 485 ; their capture of
Sicakot, xii. 550 ; conquered Sirmur
(1803), but expelled by Ochterlony
(1815), xii. 554. ^t-^ also Gurkha War.
Gurkhas, War with the (1814 - 15),
article ' India,' vi. 400. Local notices —
Almora taken by Colonel Nicbolls,
i. 201 ; Tarai of Darjiling given back
to Raja of Sikkim, iv. 131 ; Dehra
Dun ceded to the East India Company,
iv. 172; battle of Deonthal, iv. 204;
caused by their aggressions on the
Gorakhpur and Tirhiit frontier, v. 18,
19 ; failure of the English before Jaitak,
its capture, vii. 71 ; operations in
Kumaun, viii. 351 ; capture of Malaun,
ix. 237 ; attack on Nalapani, in which
General Gillespie was killed, x. 181 ;
history of the war, x. 288, 289 ; battle
of Nichlaval, x. 294 ; battle of Ran,-
garh, and capture of the fort by Ochter-
lony, xi. 448 ; capture of Taragarh
fort, xiii. 206.
Giirpur. See Mangalore.
Gurramkonda, town in Madras, v. 224,
225.^
Gursarai, town in N.-W. Previnces, v.
225.
Gurudwara. See Dehra.
Gurungs, Nepali tribe, pasture their cattle
in Darjiling, iv. 130 ; live in the Hima-
laya Mountains, v. 413 ; in Nepal,
x. 279.
Guru-Sikar. See Abu.
Guruvayur, village in Madras, v. 225.
Guthni, town in Bengal, v. 225.
Giite. See Gooty.
Gutta-percha, found in Malabar, ix. 229.
Guwarich, pargand in Oudh, v. 225,
226.
Guzerat. See Gujarat.
Gwalior, Native State in Central India,
v. 226-234 ; physical aspecis, 227, 22S ;
trade, 22S ; climate, 228, 229 ; wild
animals, 229 ; population, 229, 230 ;
histoiy, 230-234.
Gwalior town, capital of Gwalior State,
v. 234-237 ; Jain remains, 235 ; Hindu
palace -architecture, 235, 236; rock
fortress, 236, 237.
Gwarich. See Guwarich.
Gwe-chyo, river in Lower Burma, v. 237.
Gyaing, river in Lower Burma, v. 237.
Gyaing Attaran, township in Lower
Burma, v. 237.
Gyaing-than-lwin, tract in Lower Burma,
V. 237, 238.
Gyfford, William, Governor of Madras
(1 68 1 -87), ix. 66.
Gypsum, found in Aden, i. 15 ; Afghani-
stan, i. 37 ; Jehlam, vii. 167, 175 ;
Kumaun, viii. 349 ; Mayo Mines, ix.
378 ; Rawal Pindi, xii. 22 ; Shahpur,
xii. 361 ; Trichinopoli, xiii. 355.
H
Haas, Dr. E., ' Ueber die Urspriinge der
Indischen Medizin, mit besonderem
Bezug auf Susruta ' and ' Hippokrates
und die Indische Medizin des Mi Helal-
ten,' published in the Zeitschrift der
Dentschen Morgenldndisclien Gesell-
schaft for 1876 and 1877, quoted,
article ' India,' \a. no (footnote).
Hab, river in Bombay, v. 238 ; the
westernmost boundary of India separ-
ating Sind from Baluchistan, article
' India,' vi. 3 ; 6, 7.
Habiganj, village and Sub-division in
Assam, v. 238, 239.
Habits of the people. See Customs,
manners and mode of life, and condition
of the people.
Habra, village in Bengal, v. 239.
136
INDEX,
Habiiras, gipsy -like tribe of thieves in
.. Aligarh, i. 176; Budaun, iii. 120.
Hadarnaru, village in Mysore, v. 239.
Hafiz, the Persian poet, invited to the court
of Azim Shah at Sonargaon, xiii. 59.
Hafizabad, town and tahsil in Punjab,
Hafiz Rahmat Khan, successor of Ali
Muhammad, the Rohilla chief (1751-
74), his defeat by Safdar Janj and
the Marathas at Bisouli, iv. 411 ;
killed in battle with Shuja-ud-daula
and the English at East Fatehganj,
iv. 419 ; his rule in Bareilly, ii. 139 ;
his part in the battle of Panipat (1761),
xi. 45-47 ; made Pilibhit his capital,
and built the Jama Masjid there, xi.
Haggri. See Hugri.
Haiatpur, town in Bengal, v. 239.
Haidarabad, Native State in the Deccan,
V. 240-252 ; physical aspects, 240, 241 ;
rivers, 242, 243 ; climate, 243, 244 ;
animals, 244 ; agriculture, 244-246 ;
people, 246, 247 ; commerce, 247, 24S ;
communications, 248 ; administration,
248 ; history, 248-252.
Haidarabad City, capital of Haidarabad
State, V. 252-258.
Haidarabad Assigned Districts, or Berar,
Province in Central India, v. 258-274 ;
physical aspects, 259, 260 ; climate,
260, 261 ; history, 261-265 J popula-
tion, 265-26S ; agriculture, 26S-270 ;
manufactures and trade, 270-272;
administration, 272-274.
Haidarabad, District in Sind, v. 274-285 ;
physical aspects, 274, 275 ; history,
275 ; population, 275-278 ; agriculture,
278-282 ; manufactures and trade, 282 ;
means of communication, 282; admini-
stration, 283-285 ; chmate, 285.
Haidarabad, Sub-division in Sind, v,
285-287.
Haidarabad, city in Sind, v. 287, 288.
Haidarabad, town 2.V1A pargaiid in Oudh,
V. 288, 289.
Haidar Ali, his wars with the British,
article ' India,' vi. 392. Local notices
— Twice failed to take Adoni, but
defeated Marathas there (1778), i. 27 ;
took Ambur Drug, i. 230 ; held Arcot
(1780-83), i. 310; defeated by Coote
at Arni (1782), i. 332; was granted
Bangalore and Devanhalli {1758), ii.
61, 68; his victories at Beliapatam,
ii. 240; and Bellary, ii. 251; took
Bhagamandal fort (1785), ii. 353 ; born
at Budikot (1722), iii. 129; the Zamorin
. of Calicut committed suicide on his
invasion of Malabar (1766), iii. 270;
took Cannanore (1766), iii. 276 ; fought
drawn battle with the British at Chait-
pet, iii. 325 ; took Chandragiri (1782),
iii. 363 ; ravaged District of Chengalpat
(1768, 1782), iii. 382; defeated by the
British in the Chengama Pass (1767),
iii. 390 ; took Dutch fort at Chetvai
(1776), iii. 393 ; took Chilambaram
(1760), iii. 413 ; took Chitaldrug (1779),
iii. 428 ; his treaties with Nizam Ali
(1767, 1779), iii. 469; made Cochin
tributary (1776), iv. 3; took Coimba-
tore, iv. 15, 16; defeated Col. Baillie
at Pullalur, near Conjevaram (1780),
iv. 27, 43 ; his invasions of Coorg,
iv. 30 ; and of Cuddapah, iv. 49 ; took
Cuddapah (1770), iv. 56; first distin-
guished himself at the siege of Devan-
halli (1748), iv. 232; re-took Dhara-
puram (1768), iv. 251 ; occupied Dhar-
war District (1776-91), iv. 259; took
Dharwar fort (1778), iv. 266; garri-
soned Dindigal fort (1775), and from it
conquered Mysore, iv. 301, 302; an-
nexed Dod-ballapur, iv. 311 ; encamped
near Ennore (1769), iv. 354 ; improved
fort of Gandikot, iv. 464 ; took Gooty
(1776), V. 160; obtained Gurramkonda
from his brother-in-law, Mir Sahib,
V. 224; took Harihar (1763), v. 338;
conquered Hassan District, v. 347 ;
tried to found a city on the Hirekal
Hills, V. 423 ; took Honawar, v.
440; annexed Hoykot (1761), v. 459;
estaljlished breed of cattle at Hunsiir,
V. 502 ; conquered Kadur District
(1763), vii. 283 ; conquered Kanara
(1763), and tried to make a navy, vii.
377i 37S ; took hill fort of Kanigiri,
vii. 432 ; overran Karmil, and exacted
2 lakhs of rupees, viii. 42 ; took Karur
(176S), viii. 52; took Kaveripatam
(1767) and Kaveripuram (1769), viii.
106 ; took Madaksira (1769), viii. 536 ;
built fort at Madgiri-drug, viii. 540 ;
his wars in Madras, ix. 13 ; his approach
to Madras (1769, 1780), ix. 104; his
invasionsof Malabar (1760, 1766, 1774),
ix. 222 ; Mangalore the head-quarters
of his na\^, ix. 313 ; his garrison
driven out of Merkara by the Coorgs
(1782), ix. 415; sacked Nagar (Bed-
nur) (1763), x. 156; taxed the tribes
on the Nilgiri Hills, x. 203 ; defeated
by Coote at Perambakam (1781), xi.
136; took Perumakal (1782), xi. 141 ;
defeated by Coote at Porto Novo (178 1 ),
xi. 222 ; defeated by the Marathas at
Rattihalli (1764), xii. 14; his treaty of
St. Thomas' Mount with the British
(1769), xii. 144 ; his invasion of Salem,
xii. 154; took Sandiir (1779), xii. 207;
recaptured Satyamangalam (1769), xii.
291 ; his mausoleum at Seringapatam,
xii. 320; annexed Shimoga(i76i, 1763),
INDEX.
137
xii. 401 ; took Sholavandan (1757), xii.
422 ; defeated by Coote at Sholinghar
(i78l),xii. 422,423; tookSidhaut(i779),
xii. 474; took Sira (1761), xii. 546;
• destroyed Sonda, xiii. 60 ; took Tad-
patri, xiii. 160 ; advanced on Calicut
by the Tamarasseri pass (1773), xiii.
169; annexed Tarikere (1761), xiii.
214; took Tekalkota, xiii. 236; got
Tiagar from the French (1760), xiii.
293 ; his exactions from the Danes of
Tranquebar (1780), xiii. 340; took
Trichi'ir (1776), xiii. 365 ; conquered
the palegars of Tumkiir, xiii. 376 ; took
. Vaniyambadi(l767), xiii. 463 ; annexed
Vastara (1763), xiii. 464; his siege of
Vellore (1780-82), xiii. 468.
Haidargarh, town, tahsil, and pargand
■ in Oudh, v. 289, 290.
Haidargarh. Si-e Hassangadi.
Hailakandi, village and Sub-division in
Assam, v. 290.
Hailstorms, especially destructive in Am-
raoti, i. 24S ; Jabalpur, vii. 36 ; Jhansi,
vii. 224; Lahore, viii. 411; I\Iandla,
ix. 306 ; Saran, xii. 256.
Haines, Captain, his MS. description of
Aden (1839), quoted, i. 17.
Haing-g}'i, island in Lower Burma, v. 290.
Hajamro, river in Bombay, v. 290.
Hajiganj, town in Bengal, v. 290.
Hajipur, town and Sub-division in Bengal,
v. 291.
Haji Sharit-ulla, founder of the sect
of Faraizis, his doctrines, born at
Daulatpur in Faridpur, iv. 398, 399.
See Faraizis.
Hajo, %allage in Assam, v. 291, 292.
Hajo, leader of the Kochs, defeated
Muhammad Baktiyar Khilyi in Kamrup
(1204), vii. 356 ; founder of the Kuch
Behar dynasty, viii. 319.
Hajongs, aboriginal tribe in Assam, i. 351;
Maimansingh, ix. 193; Sylhet, xiii. 150.
Hala, Sub-division in Sind, v. 292, 293.
Hala, ^a/i/k in Sind, v. 293, 294.
Hala, New, town in Sind, v. 294.
Hala, Old, town in Sind, v. 294.
Hala Mountains, a southerly otfshoot of
the Himalayas, marking a portion of the
W. boundary of India, article ' India,'
Halani, town in Bombay, v. 294.
Halaria, State in Kathiawar, v. 294, 295.
Halbas or Halwas, aboriginal tribe in
Bastar, ii. 205 ; in the Central Pro-
vinces, their religion, iii. 308 ; in Chich-
garh, iii. 408 ; Dawa, iv. 162 ; Khajri,
viii. 139.
Halda, river in Bengal, v. 295.
Haldi, river in Bengal, v. 295.
Halebid, village in Mysore, v. 295.
Haleri, village in Coorg, v. 295, 296.
Halhalia, river of Bengal, v. 296.
Haliyal, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, V. 296.
Hall, Colonel, first Commissioner of Mer-
wara (1824), ix. 417.
Hallar, division of Kathiawar, v. 296, 297.
Halliday, Sir F. J., first Lieut. -Governor
of Bengal (1854-59), ii. 279.
Halon, river of Central Provinces, v. 297.
Halwad, fortified town in Kathiawar,
V. 297.
Hambar, village in Punjab, v. 297.
Hamilton, ^Ir., surgeon, died 17 ^7 >
memorial to, in St. John's Church, Cal-
cutta, iii. 252.
Hamilton, Captain, quoted, on Goa in
the 1 8th centuiy, v. 105 ; visited Tatta
(1699), xiii. 218.
Hamilton, Captain, put down the Bun-
dela rebellion in Sagar(i842), xii. 102.
Hamir, Rana of Mewar, said to have
defeated Mahmud of Ghazni, his his-
tory, xiii. 403.
Hamirpur, District in N.-W. Provinces,
V. 297-305 ; physical aspects, 297, 298;
history, 298-300; people, 301, 312;
agriculture, 302, 303 ; natural calami-
ties, 303 ; commerce and trade, 303,
304 ; administration, 304, 305 ; medical
aspects, 305.
Hamirpur, tahsil in X.-W. Pro\'inces, v.
305. 306.
Hamirpur, town in X.-W. Provinces, v.
306.
Hamirpur, tahsil in Punjab, v. 306.
Hampden, Major, commanded the 31st
N. I. at Sagar (1857), which remained
loyal during the Mutiny, xii. 103.
Hampi, historic city in Madras, iv.
306-308.
Handia, village and tahsil in N.-\V.
Provinces, v. 308, 309.
Handia, historic town in Central Pro-
vinces, V. 309.
Hand-loom and steam-mill woven cotton,
article ' India,' vi. 601.
Hangal, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, V. 309, 310.
Hangarkatta, port in Madras, v. 310.
Hango, village in Punjab, v. 310.
Hangrang, mountain pass in Punjab, v.
310.
Hangu, village and tahsil in Punjab, v.
310-
Hansi, town and tahsil in Punjab, v. 310,
311-
Hanskhali, town in Bengal, v. 311.
Hanthawadi, District in Lower Burma,
V. 311 -318; ph5-sical aspects, 312,
313; history, 313, 314; population,
314 ; antiquities, 314 ; agriculture, 314,
315 ; natural calamities, 315 ; manu-
factures, etc., 316 ; revenue, 317 ;
138
INDEX.
administration, 317 ; climate, 317,
318. ^
Hanuman-betta, peak in Mysore, v. 318.
Hanumangarh. Sec Bhatnair.
Hanza. See Gilghit.
Hapur, town and iahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, V. 318, 319.
Harai, estate in Central Provinces, v.
3^9•
Haramak, mountain in Punjab, v. 319.
Haraoti. See Kotah.
Harappa, village in Punjab, v. 319, 320.
Harbours, Aden, i. 15 ; Alibagh, i. 166;
Alleppi, i. 200 ; Amherst, i. 243 ; Port
Blair in the Andaman Isles, i. 281 ;
Bhaunagar, ii. 382 ; Bombay, iii. 77>
78 ; Diu, iv. 305 ; False Point, iv.
390, 391 ; Goa, V. 89 ; Karachi, vii.
458, 459 ; Karwar, viii. 55, 56 ; at the
mouth of the Kii-la-dan, viii. 331, 332;
Kyauk-pyu, viii. 390 ; Madras, ix. 113;
Mergui, ix. 412 ; Nagar, x. 155 ;
Negapatam, x. 259 ; Nancowry in the
Nicobar Islands, x. 295 ; Perim, xi.
137 ; Porbandar, xi. 216 ; Rewadanda,
xii. 44 ; Salaya, xii. 149 ; Sonmiani,
xiii. 61 ; Port Owen in Tavoy Island,
xiii. 235 ; Tellicherri, xiii. 237 ; Tuti-
corin, xiii. 3S6 ; Vizagapatam, xiii.
497) 498 ; Viziadrug, xiii. 499.
Harchoka, village in Chutia Nagpur, v.
320.
Harcourt, Col., his advance into Orissa
(1803), X. 430; Joint Commissioner
there (1804), x. 431.
Harda, tahsil in Central Provinces, v.
320.
Harda, town in Central Provinces, v.
320, 321.
Hardeo Sah of Panna, held Kalinjar on
the death of Chhatar Sal, vii. 332.
Hardinge, Lord, Governor - General of
India (1844-48), article 'India,' vi.
410, 411 ; history of the Sikhs and the
first Sikh war ; battles of Mudki,
Firozshah, Aliwal, and Sobraon, vi.
410, 411 ; statue of, at Calcutta, ii.
279.
Hardoi, District of Gudh, v. 321 -329;
physical aspects, 321, 322; history,
322 - 324 ; population, 324 - 326 ; agri-
culture, 326, 327 ; communications,
trade, commerce, 327 ; administration,
327, 328 ; medical aspects, 328, 329.
Hardoi, town and iahsil in Oudh, v. 329.
Hardoi, pay-gaiid in Oudh, v. 329, 330.
Hardoi, tahsil in Oudh, v. 330.
Harduaganj, town in N.-W. Provinces,
V. 330.
Hardwar, sacred town in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, V. 330-334; modern ceremonies,
333-
Hardware. See Iron and hardware.
Hardwicke, visited Hardwar (1796), v.
333, quoted, on the bathing festival
there, v. 334.
Hardy, Mr. Spence, Manual of Bud-
dhism, quoted, article ' India,' vi.
137 (footnotes).
Hardyman, Gen., his march from Rewa
towards Nagpur (1817), x. 219.
Harek, village in Punjab, v. 335.
Hargam, town and pargand in Oudh, v.
335-
Har Govind, sixth Sikh guru (1606-44),
defeated the imperial forces, but died
in exile, i. 256.
Harha, town and pargand in Oudh, v.
335, 336-
Harhar, village in N.-W. Provinces, v.
336.
Haria, tahsil and pargand in N.-W.
Provinces, v. 336, 337.
Hariana, tract in Punjab, v. 337.
Hariana, town in Punjab, v. 337, 338.
Harigaon, village in Assam, v. 338.
Harihar, town in Mysore, v. 338.
Hariharpur, village in Mysore, v. 338.
Harike, village in Punjab, v. 338, 339.
Haringhata. See Baleswar.
Haringi, river in Coorg, v. 339.
Haripani, river in Assam, v. 339.
Haripur, town and tahsil in Punjab, v.
33.9-
Haripur, town in Punjab, v. 339, 340.
Haripur, village in Punjab, v. 340.
Hari Riid, river in Afghanistan, v.
340-
Harischandragarh, hill fortress in Bom-
bay, y. 340.
Hari Singh, Sikh chieftain, occupied
Riipar (1763), and made it his capital,
xii. 82.
Hari Singh, Sikh general, exterminated
the freebooters of the Dub Pass, iv.
317 ; founded Haripur (1822), v. 339 ;
conquered Hazara for Ranjit Singh
between 18 18 and 1826, v. 361 ; took
Jamrud (1836), and was killed in battle
there with Dost Muhammad (1837),
vii. 133 ; was granted the Tiwana
estates in Shahpur, xii. 362.
Harji Raja, Governor of Gingi, granted
settlements at Conimeer, Cuddalore,
and Porto Novo to the Company
(1684), i. 321.
Harman, Capt., on the identity of the
Sanpu and the Dihang, iii. 94.
Harnad. See Hindan.
Harnai. See Hurnal.
Harnai, port in Bombay, v. 340.
Harnhalli, town and tdhck in Mysore, v.
341-
Haroh, river in Punjab, v. 341.
Harowtee. See Kotah.
Harpala, son-in-law of Ramchandra, last
INDEX.
139
Hindu king of the Yadava dynasty,
rebelled, was defeated and flayed alive,
iv. 159.
Harpanahalli, town and tahtk in Madras,
V. 341, 342.
Harrand, village in Punjab, v. 342.
Harris, Lord (i), storming of Seringa-
patam, article 'India,' vi. 397. Local
notices — Acting Governor of Madras
(1798), ix. 67 ; defeated Tipu Sultan
at Malvalli (1799), ix. 266; his siege
and storm of Seringapatam (1799), xii.
319-
Harris, Lord (2), Governor of Madras
(1854-59), ix. 67.
Harris, Capt., his report on the Mahanadi
(1S58), ix. 158 ; on Port Subarnarekha
(1S75), xiii- 85.
Harrison, Edward, Governor of Madras
(1711-17), ix. 67.
Hartley, Gen., helped by the people of
Ponani in his descent on the west
coast, xi. 198.
Harua, village in Bengal, v. 342.
Hasan Abdal, village in Punjab, v. 342.
Hasanganj, village in Oudh, v. 342.
Plasanpur, town and tahsil in N.-W.
Provinces, v. 343.
Hasanpur, town in Oudh, v. 343.
Hasanpur, village in Punjab, v. 343.
Hasara, town in Bengal, v. 343.
Hashtnagar, tahsil in Punjab, v. 344.
Hasilpur, town in Central India, v. 344.
Hash Canal, in Punjab, 344, 345.
Hassan, District in Mysore, v. 345-351 ;
physical aspects, 345, 346 ; history,
346, 347 ; population, 347, " 348 ;
agriculture, 348, 349 ; manufactures,
349>.350; administration, 350, 351;
medical aspects, 351.
Hassan, town and taluk in Mysore, v. 35 1.
Hassangadi. See Hosangadi.
Hassanur, ghat or pass in Madras, v.
351, 352.
Hastinapur, historic city in N.-W. Pro-
vmces, V.
55^
Hastings, Fort, hill fort in N.-W. Pro-
vmces
552.
Hastings, Marquis of, Governor-General
of India (1814-23), article ' India,' vi.
400-402 ; war with Nepal and treaty
of Segauli, with cession of Himalayan
tracts, 400 ; Pindari war, 401 ; third
and last Maratha war and annexation
of the Peshwa's dominions, 401, 402.
Local notices — His march to the Cham-
bal and treaty with .Sindia, v. 232 ;
encamped at Irich in his campaign of
1817, vii. 24 ; his Pindari or fourth
Maratha war, ix. 267; his settlement of
Rajputana, xi. 407 ; granted Tonk to
Amir Khan on condition he disbanded
his army, xiii. 337.
Hastings, Warren, Governor of Bengal
and first Governor-General of India
(1772-85), article ' India,' vi. 388-392;
his administrative reforms and policy
towards native powers, 388 ; makes
Bengal pay, 389 ; sale of Allahabad
and Kora to the Wazir of Oudh (1773),
390 ; the Rohilla war, plunder of Chait
Singh and the Oudh Begams, 390, 391;
impeachment of and seven years' trial in
England, 391 ; the poor excuse for his
measures, 391 ; first Maratha war and
treaty of Salbai, 391, 392 ; first war
with Mysore (1780-84), 392. Local
7iotices — Fought duel with Philip
Francis at Alipur, i. i8o; sent troops
to Rohilkhand, ii. 140 ; his deposition
of Chait Singh, Raja of Benares,
ii. 256 ; Birkul his favourite seaside
resort, iii. 13 ; his attempts to purify
Calcutta, iii. 244 ; placed administra-
tion of Bengal under the Company's
servants, iii. 245; his statue at Calcutta,
iii. 251 ; retired to Chanar on Chait
Singh's rebellion, iii. 347 ; appealed to
by the Chief of Chittagong against the
Lushais, iii. 448 ; made treaty with
the Rana of Gohad, and took fort of
Gwalior for him, iv. 227; compares the
Himalayas to the Andes, v. 402 ; the
wealth of his baniya Ganga Govind
Singh, vii. 405 ; taken prisoner by
Siraj-ud-daula when Assistant to the
Resident at Kasimbazar, viii. 81 ;
drove the Bhutias out of Kuch Behar
at its Raja's request, viii. 320 ; moved
civil and criminal courts of Bengal from
Murshidabad to Calcutta, x. 23, 24 ;
political Resident at Murshidabad, x.
37 ; granted Sonwaniy'i/^zV to his head
i?nmshi, xiii. 64.
Hasua, town in Bengal, v. 352.
Hata, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, v. 352, 353.
Hatampur, town in Bengal, v. 353.
Hathatia. See Haripani.
Hathazari, village in Bengal, v. 353.
Hathibari, State forest in Central Pro-
vinces, V. 353.
Hathpor, cave tunnel in Chutia Nagpur,
V- 353-
Hathras, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, V. 354, 355.
Hatia, island in Bengal, v. 355, 356.
Hati Khan, Ghakkar chief who resisted
Babar (1525), xii. 24.
Hatkars or Bargi Dangars, in Basim, ii.
184, 185, 186.
Hatta, estate in Central Provinces, v.
356.
Hatta, village and tahsil m Central Pro-
vinces, V. 356, 357.
Hatta, town in Central Provinces, v. 357.
140
INDEX.
Hattras. See Hathras.
Hatwa, village in Bengal, v. 357.
Haug, Dr., The Origin of Brdhmanism,
quoted, article ' India,' vi. 212 (foot-
note 4).
Haung-tharaw, river in Burma, v. 357,
358.
Haung-tharaw, township in Burma, v.
358.
Hauper. See Hapur.
Haveli, Sub-division in Bombay, v. 358.
Havelock, Sir Henry, defeat of the
Cawnpur mutineers, first relief of
Lucknow, article 'India,' vi. 420.
Local notices — Took command of the
troops at Allahabad, i. 198 ; took
Bithur (19th July 1857), iii. 20;
stormed Cawnpur (,15th July), iii.
282, 283, 291 ; joined Renaud at
Khaga (i ith July), and defeated mutin-
eers at Bilanda (l2th July), and at
Aung and Pandu Nadi (15th July), iv.
425 ; stormed the Alambagh (22nd
Sept.), and relieved the Residency at
Lucknow (26th Sept.), viii. 514; died
at Lucknow (5th Nov. 1857), viii. 515 ;
his battles in Unao District, xiii. 430 ;
victory at Unao (29th July), xiii. 457.
Haveri, town in Bombay, v. 358.
Haviland, Major de, built the cathedral
and Scotch Kirk at Madras, ix. 106 ;
recommended survey of Pambam Pas-
sage, xi. 22.
Havili, pa7-gand in Central Provinces,
V. 358.
Havili Oudh, pargand in Oudh, v. 359.
Hawalbagh, village in N.-W. Provinces,
V. 359-
Hawawala, an outlaw, captured Capt.
Grant (181 3), and kept him prisoner in
the hills of Gir, v. 84.
Hawkins, Capt., Envoy from James i.
and the East India Company to the
Great Mughal (1680), article 'India,'
vi. 366.
Hay, Mr., sent to Mir Kasim (1763), and
murdered by him at Patna, xi. 95, 96.
Hazara, District in Punjab, v. 359-368 ;
physical aspects, 359, 360 ; history,
360-363 ; population, 363, 364 ; agri-
culture, 364-366 ; natural calamities,
366 ; commerce and trade, 366, 367 ;
administration, 367 ; military arrange-
ments, 367, 368 ; medical aspects, 368.
Hazaras, non- Afghan tribe in Afghanistan,
i- 43- 44-
Hazaribagh, District in Chutia Nagpur,
366-3S0 ; physical aspects, 369, 370 ;
history, 371, 372; population, 372-
374 ; town and rural population, 374 ;
material condition of the people, 374,
375 ; agriculture, 375, 376 ;_ Kamias,
376, 377 ; natural calamities, 378 ;
commerce and trade, 378 ; minerals,
378, 379 ; tea, 379 ; administration,
379, 380 ; mineral aspects, 380.
Hazaribagh, Sub-division in Chutia Nag-
pur, V. 380, 381.
Hazaribagh, town in Chutia Nagpur, v. 381.
Hazratpur, village in N.-W. Provinces,
v. 381.
Hazro, town in Punjab, v. 381, 382.
Headlands. See Capes.
Hearsey, Major - General, put down
incipient mutiny at Barrackpur (1857),
ii. 175 ; released by Gurkhas (1815) as
pledge of peace, viii. 351.
Heath, Capt., removed all the Com-
pany's servants and goods from Hugli
to Balasor (1688), ii. 5.
Hebbale, village in Coorg, v. 382.
Hebbert, Capt., killed in attack on the
Vagher outlaws at Machanda (1867),
viii. 532.
Heber, Bishop of Calcutta (1S23-26),
article ' India,' vi. 261. Local notices
■ — Quoted on rained city of Amber, i.
228 ; met the reformer Swami Narayan
in Gujarat, iii. 14; quoted on a banian
tree near Broach, iii. 102 ; on the site
of Delhi, iv. 189 ; on Gurgaon, v.
216 ; on the ruined Jain temple at Kalin-
jera, vii. 337; on Mianganj, ix. 421;
on the difficulty of ascending the
Narbada, x. 210; on Shahabad, xii.
335 ; consecrated English Church at
Surat, xiii. 134 ; died and was buried
at Trichinopoli (1826), xiii. 365.
Hebli, town in Bombay, v. 382.
Heggadadevankot, village and taluk in
Mysore, v. 382.
Hekataios, the earliest Greek historian
who refers to India, article ' India,' vi.
163 ; his mention of Miiltan, x. 3.
Hemar Panth, his oldest temple, Nilkan-
theswar, near Sindkher, xii. 527.
Hemavati, river in Mysore, v. 382.
Hemp, cultivated in Ahmadnagar, i.
103 ; Ambala, i. 220 ; Amraoti, i.
248 ; Amritsar, i. 260 ; North Arcot,
i. 316; Banda, ii. 51; Bankura, ii.
83; Bardwan, ii. 130; Bellary, ii.
245 ; Benares, ii. 258 ; Bombay,
varieties of, there, iii. 53 ; Buldana, iii.
146 ; Cochin, iv. 5 ; Coorg, iv. 37 ;
Firozpur, iv. 444 ; Gaya, v. 49 ;
Godavari, v. 127; Berar, v. 270;
Haidarabad (Sind), v. 280; Hoshiarpur,
V. 455 ; Howrah, v. 463 ; Hugh, v.
494 ; Jalandhar, vii. 88 ; Janjira, vii.
139 ; Jerruck, vii. 181 ; South Kanara,
vii. 380 ; Karauli, vii. 473 ; Kistna,
viii. 230 ; Larkhana, viii. 463 ;
Lohara, viii. 474 ; Madras, ix. 30 ;
Western Malwa, ix. 269 ; Manbhvim,
ix. 283 ; Midnapur, ix. 429 ; Nadiya,
INDEX.
141
X. 135; Nepal, X. 277; N.-W. Pro-
vinces, X. 381 ; Orissa, x. 459 ; Pun',
xi. 306 ; Ratnagiri, xii. 9 ; Rohtak,
xii. 73 ; Saran, xii. 255 ; Sawantwari,
xii. 296 ; Shahabad, xii. 329 ; Simla,
xii. 493 ; Sind, xii. 520 ; Sirohi, xiii.
5 ; Tanjore, xiii. 187 ; Tarai, xiii. 210 ;
Tipperah, xiii. 317; Unao, xiii. 432;
Wun, xiii. 543. See also charas and
gdnjd.
Hemtabad, village in Bengal, v. 383.
Hemu, Hindu general of Sher Shah,
defeated by Akbar at Panipat (1556),
xi. 45.
Ilenckell, Mr., first Judge and Magistrate
of Jessor (17S1-S9), vii. 185; his
scheme for the reclamation of the
Sundarbans, xiii. no, ill; in pur-
suance of which he founded the trad-
ing villages of Chandkhali, iii. 359,
Henckellganj, v. 383, and Kachua, vii.
278.
Henckellganj, village in Bengal, v. 383.
Henzada, District in Lower Burma, v.
383-390 ; physical aspects, 383, 384 ;
history, 3S4, 385 ; population, 385-
387 ; agriculture, 387, 388 ; admini-
stration, 388-390.
Henzada, town and township in Lower
Burma, v. 390.
Hephaistion, Alexander's general, said to
have taken Peukelasor Pushkalavati,
xi. 147.
Herakles, said by Diodonis to have
founded Pataliputra or Palibothra,
now Patna, xi. 106.
Herat, Province of Afghanistan, v. 390-
2.
Herat, town in Afghanistan, v. 392, 393.
Herbert, Sir Thomas, quoted on Sand-
wip Island in 1625, xii. 210.
Herodotus, mentions Multan, x. 3.
Herpes, a prevalent disease in Kheri,
viii. 197.
Herumalu, village in Coorg, v. 393.
Heshto, river in Chutia Nagpur, v. 393.
Hickey, Mr., quoted on Tanjore, xiii. 181.
Hides and horns. Centres of trade, in :
Ahankaripur, i. 81 ; Amethi Dungar,
i. 231 ; Arava-Kurichi, i. 307 ; Bastar,
ii. 206 ; Basti, ii. 212 ; Dacca, iv. 91 ;
Dindigal, iv. 301 ; Fatehpur, iv. 431 ;
Gopalpur, v. 16 1 ; Hardoi, v. 327 ;
Jodhpur, vii. 239 ; Lalganj, vaii, 445 ;
Maulmain, ix. 372 ; Monghyr, ix.
487 ; Nawabganj, x. 248 ; Rampur,
xi. 458; Rasra, xi. 514; Sahibganj,
xii. 135 ; Tirupatur, xiii. 327; Wardha,
xiii. 527.
Higgins, Lieut., defeated the rebels in
Sambalpur, xii. 180.
Higginson, Nathaniel, Governor of
Madras (1692-98), ix, 66.
High Courts of Justice in India, article
_' India,' vi. 433.
High Level Canal. See Mahanadi.
Hijili, sea -coast tract in Bengal, v.
3.94-
Hijili, navigable canal in Bengal, vi. 553.
Hill, Gen. R. Sale, commanded expedi-
tion against the Akas {1883-84), i.
136.
Hill, jNIajor Sir William, defended Pegu
(1852), xi. 128.
Hill cultivation, article ' India,' vi. 9 ;
486. See also Nomadic cultivation.
Hill forts (Maratha) in the Deccan,
article 'India,' vi. 318. .5"*?^ also Forts,
Hill.
Hill Tipperah, Native State in Bengal,
V. 394-401; physical aspects, 394,
395 ; history, 395-397 ; political con-
stitution, 397, 398 ; population, 398-
400 ; agriculture, 400 ; commerce and
trade, 400 ; administration, 400, 401 ;
medical aspects, 401.
Hill and Border tribes, the Abars, i. I ;
in Afghanistan, i. 41-45 ; in Ahmad -
nagar, i. loi ; the Akas, i. 135, 136 ;
on the Anamalai Hills, i. 270, 271 ; in
the Arakan Hill Tracts, i. 299-301 ; in
North Arcot, i. 315 ; South Arcot, i.
322 ; Assam, i. 353-355 ; the Hatkars,
ii. 185, 186 ; the Bhils, ii. 387-392 ;
the Brahuis, iii. 98-100; in Cachar,
iii. 235 ; Central Provinces, iii. 305-
311 ; Chittagong Hill Tracts, iii. 449,
450 ; the_ Coorg.., iv. 34, 35 ; the
Daphlas, iv. 119, 120 ; the Garos, v.
28-30 ; Tipperahs, v. 399 ; the Juangs,
vii. 249-252 ; the Kandhs, vii. 400-
405 ; Karens, viii. 1-7 ; Khamtis, viii.
144-146; Khasis, viii. 174, 175;
Kochs, viii. 228; Kols, viii. 253-260;
Kotas, viii. 300-302, x. 31 1 ; Kurum-
bas, viii. 375, 376, x. 311, 312;
Lushais, viii. 530-532, x. 150, 151;
Malassers, ix. 237 ; Malayalis, ix. 237-
240; Mikirs, ix. 436-438, x. 151 ;
Miris, ix. 443-450 ; Mishmis, ix. 462-
465 ; Mohmands, ix. 475, 476 ;
Nagas, X. 147-150; Naikdas, x. 176,
177; Chenchus, x. 185, 186; on the
Nilgiri Hills, x. 309-312 ; Todas, x.
309, 310; Badagas, x. 310, 31 1 ;
Irulars, x. 312; on the Palni Moun-
tains, xi. 17, 18; Santals, xii. 236-
246 ; Chins, xiii. 280 - 282 ; in the
Upper Sind Frontier, xiii. 441-445.
See also Customs, Manners and mode
of life. Dress, Food, Funeral cere-
monies. Houses and huts, and Marriage
ceremonies.
Hisla, town in Bengal, v. 401.
Himalaya Mountains, The, v. 401-414 ;
Himalayan system, the, 402 ; northern
142
INDEX.
chain, 403-405 ; central chain, 405-
407; southern chain, 407, 408 ; physical
geography, 408, 409 ; flora- ixwdjauna,
409; geological structure, 409-412;
minerals, 412; ethnologj', 412 - 414 ;
article 'India,' vi. 4-10; the double
wall and trough, 5, 6 ; passes and off-
shoots, 6 ; water-supply and rainfall,
7 ; scenery, vegetation, irrigation, and
products, 7-10; animals and tribes,
10 ; geology, 631-633 ; meteorolog>' of,
641, 642. See also Trans-Himalayan
trade.
Himmat Bahadur, Raja, head of devotees
in Bundelkhand, his policy in 1802, iii.
156; was granted Kalpi (1803), and
died (1804), vii. 342.
Himmatgarh, village in Central India, v.
414-
Himmat Khan Bahadur, Nawab of
Karnal, murdered the Nizam, Muzaffar
Jang, at Rachoti, viii. 42.
Hindan, river in N.-W. Provinces, v,
414-
Hindaun, town in Rajputana, v. 414.
Hindaur, village in Oudh, v. 414, 415-
Hinde, John, Deputy-Governor of Fort
St. David, became Governor of the
Madras Presidency (1746) on the
capture of the city, ix. 67.
Hindi literature and authors, article
'India,' vi. 345, 346,
Hindia. See Handia.
Hindol, tributary State of Orissa, v,
415-
Hindoli, town in Rajputana, v. 415.
Hindri, river in Madras, v. 415, 416.
Hinduism, Rise of (750 to 1520 a.d,),
article 'India,' vi. 192-228. Disinte-
gration of Buddhism, 191 ; preaching
of Kumarila, 191 ; persecution of
Buddhism, 191, 192 ; caste and reli-
gion the twofold basis of Hinduism,
192 ; race origin of caste, 192 ; modi-
fied by 'occupation' and 'locality,'
192 ; complexity of caste, 192, 193 ;
the Brahman caste analyzed, 193, 194;
building of the caste system, 194 ; Hindu
marriage law, 195 ; ancient mingling
of castes, 195; 'occupation' basis of
caste, 196-199 ; the Vaisyas or ancient
cultivating caste, 196 ; the ' right-
hand ' and ' left-hand ' castes of Mad-
ras, 196, 197 ; the Dattas of Bengal,
197 ; Shahas, Telis, and Tambulis
forcing their way into higher castes, 197;
caste, a system of trade-guilds, 197,
198 ; working of the Indian trade-
guild, its funds, charities, reward,
and punishments, 198, 199 ; excom-
munication a penalty for a breach
of caste rules, 199, 200; the religious
basis of Hinduism, its stages of evolu-
tion, and how far influenced by Bud-
dhism, 200, 201 ; Beast hospitals,
201 ; monastic religious life, 201, 202 ;
analogies of Japanese worship to Hin-
duism and Christianity, 202 ; serpent
ornamentation in Buddhist, Hindu,
and Christian art, 202, 203 ; coalition
of Buddhism with earlier religions,
203 ; shrines common to various faiths,
203, 204; non-Ar}'an elements in
Hinduism, 204 ; phallic emblems in
Hinduism, 204, 205 ; fetish-worship
in Hinduism, 205, 206 ; the Sdlgrdm
or village deity, 206 ; jungle rites,
206, 207 ; non-Arj'an religious rites
merging into Hinduism, 207 ; Brah-
man founders of Hinduism, 207 ; low
caste apostles, 207, 208 ; mediaeval
Hindu saints, their miracles, 208 ;
Kabir's death, 208 ; Brahman reli-
gious reformers, 209, 210 ; growth of
Siva-worship, 210-215 ; Siva-worship
in its philosophical and terrible aspects
211 ; twofold aspects of Siva and of
Durga his queen, and their twofold
sets of names, 211, 212; human sacri-
fices as late as 1866, 212, 213 ; animals
substituted for human sacrifice, 213 ;
the Charak-puja or swinging festival,
213 ; the thirteen Sivaite sects, 213,
214 ; gradations of Siva-worship, 214,
215 ; secret orgies of Sivaism, 215 ;
the ' right - hand ' and ' left - hand '
forms of Siva - worship, 214, 215;
Siva and Vishnu compared, 215 ;
Vishnu the Preserver always a friendly
god, 215 ; his incarnations or avatars,
215 (and footnote) ; 216 ; the Vishnu
Puranas, 216, 217 ; Brahmanical and
popular Vishnuism, 217 ; Vishnuite
religious reformers, 217-222; Rama-
nuja, 217; Ramanand, 218; Kabir,
218, 219; Chaitanya, 219 -221;
Vallabha-Swami, 221, 222 ; Krishna-
worship, 222, 223 ; the twenty chief
Vishnuite sects, 223 ; theistic move-
ments in Hinduism, 223 ; the Sikhs,
and Nanak Shah, their spiritual founder,
223 ; Jagannath, the coalition of
Brahman and Buddhist doctrines
forming the basis of Vishnu-worship,
223, 224 ; Car festival of Jagannath,
224 ; bloodless worship of Jagannath,
self-immolation a calumny, 224-226 ;
gentle doctrines of Jagannath, 226 ;
religious 7icxus of Hinduism, 226 ;
practical faith of the Hindus, its toler-
ance, 226, 227 ; the modern Hindu
triad, 227 ; recapitulation, 228.
Hindu architecture, article ' India,' vi.
112. See Architecture.
Hindu kingdoms of the Deccan, article
' India,' vi, 286.
INDEX.
143
Hindu population of India, article ' India,'
vi. 51. ^f^also Appendix V., vi. 693,
and Population section in the several
District articles.
Hindu Tribes and Castes, by the Rev. ]M.
A. Sherring, quoted, article ' India,'
vi. 193 (footnote i); 194 (footnotes
2, 3, and 4) ; 195 (footnote 2) ; 221
(footnote 4).
Hindu Kush, range of mountains in
Central Asia, v. 416-419 ; passes, 416,
417; geology, 417; enthnology and
religion, 417, 418; general character-
istics, 41S, 419.
Hindupatti, village in N.-W. Provinces,
V. 419.
Hindupur, town and tdhik in Madras, v.
419, 420.
Hindur, Hill State in Punjab, v. 420.
Hindustan, historic name for tract in
Northern India, v. 420, 421.
Hinganghat, trading town and tahsil in
Central Provinces, v. 421, 422.
Hinglajgarh, hill fort in Central India, v.
422.
Hingni, town in Central Provinces, v.
422.
Hingoli, town in Haidarabad, v. 422.
Hingona, village in Central India, v. 423,
Hippon, Capt., established first English
agency at Masulipatam (1611), ix. 353.
Hirapur, State in Central India, v. 423.
Hirdenagar, village in Central Provinces,
v. 423.^
Hirde Sah, son of Chhatar Sal, took
Garhakota (1703), built Hirdenagar
there, and died (1739), v. 12, 13.
Hirehal, town in Madras, v. 423.
Hirekal, range of hills in Mysore, v. 423.
Hiremagalur, \-illage in Mysore, v. 423.
Hiriyur, village and taluk in Mysore, v.
423, 424.
Hirode, village in Mysore, v. 424.
Hisampur, pargand in Oudh, v. 424, 425.
Hislop, ISIr., quoted, on the Gonds, iii.
306 ; the Gond religion, iii. 309.
Hislop, Gen. Sir Thomas, defeated the
Marathas at Mehidpur (1817), ix. 39S.
Hissar, Division in Punjab, v. 425.
Hissar, District in Punjab, v. 425-433 ;
physical aspects, 426, 427 ; history,
427, 42S ; population, 428-430 ; agri-
culture, 430, 431 ; natural calamities,
431 ; manufactures, etc., 431, 432 ;
administration, 432, 433 ; meteorologi-
cal aspects, etc., 433.
Hissar, tahsil m Punjab, v. 433.
Hissar, town in Punjab, v. 434.
Histoire du Christianisme des Indes, by
La Croze, article ' India,' vi. 232 (foot-
note i); 240 (footnote 4); 241 (footnote
l); 242 (footnotes).
Histoire de la Litterature Hindouie et
Hindotistanie, par Garcin de Tassy,
article 'India,' vi. 343 and footnote.
History of Architecture, by Mr. J. Fer-
gusson, quoted, article ' India,' vi. 304
(footnotes). See also Fergusson.
History of British Rule (1757 -1885),
article ' India,' vi. chap. xv. pp. 378-
430. Madras, the first British territorial
possessioninIndia(i639), 378; Southern
India after the death of Aurangzeb
(1707). 37S ; French and English in
the Karnatik, 378 ; first French war
and capture of ]\Iadras by the French
(1746), 379 ; second French war (175°"
61), 379 ; Clive's defence of Arcot
(1751)) 379; Sir Eyre Coote's victory
of Wandiwash (1760), 397; capitulation
of Pondicherri and Gingi, 380 ; the
English in Bengal (1634-96), 380;
native rulers of Bengal (1707-56),
Miirshid Kuli Khan, Ali Vardi Khan,
and Siraj-ud-daula, 3S0, 381 ; capture
of Calcutta by Siraj-ud-daula (1756),
381 ; recapture of Calcutta and battle
of Plassey, 382 ; Mir Jafar (1757-61),
383 - 385 ; Zaminddri grant of the
Twenty - four Parganas, 383 ; Clive's
Jdgir, 383, 384 ; Clive, the first Gover-
nor of Bengal, 384 ; deposition of Mir
Jafar and enthronement of Mir Kasim
(1761), 3S5 ; Mir Kasim's quarrel with
the English, and massacre of Patna,
385, 386 ; first Sepoy Mutiny (1764),
386 ; battle of Buxar (1764), 386 ;
Clive's second Governorship (1765-67),
partition of the Gangetic valley, the
Diwani grant of Bengal, and reorgani-
zation of the Company's service, 386,
387 ; dual system of administration
(1767-72), abolished by Warren Hast-
ings, 3S7, 388 ; Warren Hastings'
administration (1772-S5), 388-392 ; his
administrative reforms, and policy to-
wards native powers, 3S8; Warren Hast-
ings, the first Governor-General of India
(1774), 3S8 ; his financial administra-
tion, and sale of Allahabad and Kora
to the W^azir of Oudh, 389, 390 ; with-
holds the Emperor's tribute, 390 ; the
Rohilla war (1773-74), 390 ; plunder of
Chait Singh and of the Oudh Begams,
390 ; charges against Hastings and his
impeachment, 392 ; the first Maratha
and ]Mysore wars, 392, 393 ; Lord
Cornwallis' administration (1786-93),
his revenue reforms, the Permanent
Settlement of Bengal, and second
Mysore war, 393, 394 ; Sir John Shore
(1793-98), 394; Lord Wellesley's
administration (179S-1805), 394-399;
French influence in India, 394 ; state of
India before Lord Wellesley, 395; Lord
Wellesley's scheme for crushing French
144
INDEX.
influence in India, 395, 396 ; treaties of
Lucknow and with the Nizam, 396 ;
third Mysore war and fall of Seringa-
patam, 396, 397 ; Wellesley's dealings
with the Marathas, and the second
Marathawar, 397, 398; British victories
and annexations (1803); British dis-
asters, Monson's retreat, and Lake's
repulse before Bhartpur (1804-05), 398 ;
India on Lord Wellesley's departure
(1805), 398, 399 ; Lord Cornwallis'
second administration as Governor-
General (1S05), 399; Sir George Barlow
(1805), 399 ; Earl of Minto's admini-
stration (1S07-13), his embassies to the
Punjab, Afghanistan, and Persia, 399,
400; Marquis of Hastings' administration
(1814-23), the Nepal war and treaty of
Segauli, the Pindari campaign, the third
and last Maratha war, and annexation
of the Peshwa's territories, 400-402 ;
Mr. Adam, pro tern. Governor-General
(1823), 403 ; Lord Amherst (1823-28),
Burmese encroachments on India, first
Burmese war and annexation of Assam,
Arakan, and Tenasserim, 403, 404 ;
capture of Bhartpur, 404; Lord William
Bentinck( 1 828-35), his financial reforms,
abolition of Sati, suppression of Thagi
and cruel rites, renewal of Company's
Charter, Mysore taken under British
administration, and Coorg annexed,
404-406 ; Sir Charles Metcalfe (1835-
36), the grant of liberty to the
Press, 406; Lord Auckland (1836-42),
our early dealings with Kabul, the
disastrous Afghan campaign, and
annihilation of our army, 406 - 408 ;
Earl of Ellenborough (1S42-44), the
Kabul army of retribution, the ' Gates
of Somnath ' travesty, annexation of
Sind, and Gwalior outbreak, 408, 409 ;
Lord Hardinge (1844-48), the first
Sikh war and annexation of the Cis-
Sutlej tract, 410, 41 1 ; Earl of Dalhousie
(1848-56), 411-417; his administrative
reforms and public works, 412 ; second
Sikh war and annexation and pacifica-
tion of the Punjab, 412, 413 ; second
Burmese war and annexation of Pegu,
413, 414 ; Lord Dalhousie's dealings
with the Native States, the doctrine of
* Lapse ' in the case of Satara, Jhansi,
and Nagpur, 414, 415 ; Berar handed
over by the Nizam of Haidarabad, as
a territorial guarantee for arrears of
subsidies and for the payment of the
Haidarabad contingent, 415 ; annexa-
tion of Oudh, and Lord Dalhousie's
grounds for the measure, 415-417 ; Earl
Canning (1856-62), 417-424 ; the Sepoy
Mutiny and its causes, 417 -419; the
outbreak at Meerut and Delhi, and
spread of the Mutiny, 419 ; loyalty of
the Sikhs, 419, 420; the siege of
Cawnpur and massacre of the survivors,
420; Lucknow, 420, 421 ; siege and
capture of Delhi, 421 ; reduction of
Oudh by Sir Colin Campbell, and of
Central India by Sir Hugh Rose, 421,
422 ; India transferred to the Crown,
the Queen's Proclamation and general
amnesty, 423, 424 ; Lord Canning's
financial and legal reforms, 424 ; Lord
Elgin (1S62-63), his death at Dharm-
sala, 424; Lord Lawrence (1864-69),
the Bhutan war and Orissa famine,
424, 425; Lord Mayo (1864-72), the
Ambala Dat-bdr ; internal and financial
reforms, and abolition of inland customs
lines, his assassination, 425 ; Lord
Northbrook (1872-76), the Bengal
famine of 1874, dethronement of the
Gaekwar of Baroda, and visit of the
Prince of Wales to India, 425, 426; Lord
Lytton (1876-80), Proclamation of the
Queen as Empress of India, famine of
1877-78 ; the second Afghan campaign,
426,427; Lord Ripon (1S80-84); end
of the second Afghan campaign,
rendition of Mysore to its hereditary
Hindu dynasty, internal administrative
reforms, LocalGovernment Acts, amend-
ment of Criminal Procedure, reconsti-
tution of the Agricultural Department,
revenue reforms, the Education Com-
mission, abolition of customs duties,
Bengal Tenancy Bill, 427-429 ; Earl of
Dufiferin (1884), 430; annexation of
Upper Burma (1886), 430.
History, Local. See the Historical section
under each District and important city
and Native State, and especially Aden,
i. 15-17; Adoni, i. 26, 27; Afghanistan,
i. 48-52; Afghan-Turkistan, i. 55, 56;
Agra District, i. 61, 62, city, i. 68-71 ;
the Ahams, i. 79, 80 ; Ahmadabad, i.
94, 95 ; Ahmadnagar, i. 107, 108 ;
Ajmere-Merwara, i. 122 ; Akyab, i.
150-154; Aligarh, i. 169-171 ; Allah-
abad District, i. 186-188, city, i. 195-
198 ; Alvvar, i. 203 - 205 ; Ambala, i,
215-217 ; Amritsar, i. 256, 257 ; Arcot,
i. 312-314; North Arcot, i. 312-314;
South Arcot, i. 321, 322; Arrah, i.
334, 335 ; Assam, i. 342-346 ; Azam-
garh, i. 394, 395 ; Bahraich, i. 426-429 ;
Balasor, ii. 4-6 ; Balkh, ii. 16 ; Balram-
pur, ii. 24, 25 ; Baluchistan, ii. 28 ;
Banda, ii. 47-49 ; Bangalore, ii. 60, 61 ;
Bankura, ii. 80, 81 ; Bannu, ii. 89-91 ;
Bara Banki, ii. 107-109 ; Bardwan, ii.
127, 128 ; Bareilly, ii. 138-140; Baroda,
ii. 160-164; Basim, ii. 184, 1S5 ;
Bassein (Bombay), ii. 191, 192 ;
Bassein (Burma), ii. 194, 195 ; Behar,
\
INDEX.
145
ii. 227 ; Bellary District, ii. 241-243,
town, ii. 251 ; Benares District, ii.
255-257. city, ii. 263, 264 ; Bengal, ii.
275-281 ; Betul, ii. 329, 330 ; Bhagal-
pur, ii. 345 ; Bhandara, ii. 361, 362 ;
Bhartpur, ii. 372-375 ; Bhaunagar, ii.
380, 381 ; Bhopal, ii. 403-405 ; Bhutan,
ii. 415-417; Bijapur, ii. 423, 424;
Bijnaur, ii. 429-431 ; Bikaner, ii. 440 ;
Bilaspur, ii. 446-449 ; Bobbili, iii. 20-
22; Bombay Presidency, iii. 35-40,
city, iii. 74 - 77 ; Broach District, iii.
109, city, iii. 113, 114; Budaun, iii.
117 -119; Bulandshahr, iii. 133-135;
Buldana, iii. 143 - 145 ; Bundelkhand,
iii. 154-157; Burhanpur, iii. 162-164;
Lower Burma, iii. 172 -176; Upper
Burma, iii. 220-229 \ Cachar, iii. 230-
232 ; Calcutta, iii. 240 - 246 ; Calicut,
iii. 269, 270 ; Cambay, iii. 272, 273 ;
Cawnpur, iii. 280 - 283 ; Central Pro-
vinces, iii. 300-303 ; Chanda, iii. 349-
351 ; Chandragiri, iii. 363 ; Chengalpat,
iii. 382, 383; Chera, iii. 391 ; Chital-
drug, iii. 423, 424; Chittagong, iii. 435-
437 ; Chola, iii. 455, 456 ; the Northern
Circars, iii. 467 - 469 ; the Cis-Sutlej
States, iii. 470, 471 ; Cochin State, iv.
2-4, town, iv. II, 12 ; Coimbatore, iv.
15, 16; Coorg, iv. 28-31 ; Cuddalore,
iv. 46; Cuddapah, iv. 48-50; Dacca, iv.
80-82 ; Damoh, iv. 108, 109 ; Darrang,
iv. 143, 144; Daulatabad, iv. 158-160;
the Deccan, iv. 165, 166 ; Dehra Dun,
iv. 170-172; Delhi District, iv. 179,
180, city, iv. 189-195; Dera Ghazi
Khan, iv. 210-212 ; Dera Ismail Khan,
iv. 220-222 ; Dholpur, iv. 276, 277 ;
Diu, iv. 307, 308 ; EUichpur, iv. 345,
346 ; Etah, iv. 358-360 ; Etawah, iv.
370-372;^ Faizabad, iv. 381, 382;
Farukhabad, iv. 409-411; Fatehpur,
iv. 423-425 ; Firozpur, iv. 440, 441 ;
Ganjam, v. 3, 4 ; Garhwal, v. 17-19 ;
Ghazipur, v. 62-65 ; Gind, v. S3, 84 ;
Goa, V. 96-106 ; Goalpara, v. 112-114;
Godavari District, v. 123-125 ; Gonda,
v. 147-150; Gorakhpur, v. 165-167 ;
Gujranwala, v. 180-182 ; Gujrat, v.
189 - 191 ; Gurdaspur, v. 207 - 209 ;
Gwalior, v. 230-233; Haidarabad State,
v. 248-252, city, V. 254-258 ; Berar,
v. 261-265; Hamirpur, v. 298-300;
Hardoi, v. 322-324 ; Hassan, v. 346,
347; Hazara,v. 360-363; HillTipperah,
V. 395-397,; Hoshangabad, v. 443,
444 ; Hoshiarpur, v. 452-454 ; Hugh,
V. 490-492 ; Indore, vii. 5-7 ; Jabalpur,
vii. 31, 32 ; Jaipur, yii. 55-57 ; Jaisal-
mer, \\\. 67, 68 ; Jalandhar, vii. 85,
86; Jalaun, x\\. 94-96; Janjira, vii.
140, 141 ; Jaunpur, \di. 151 - 153 ;
Jhang, vii. 207-209; Jhansi, vii. 2 17-22 1;
VOL. XIV.
Jodhpur, vii. 240-243 ; Kalinjar, vii.
331-333; Kalpi, vii. 341, 342; Kamnip,
vii. 356-35S ; South Kanara, vii. 377,
378 ; Kandahar, vii. 391-398 ; Kangra,
vii. 414-417; Karachi District, vii.
446, 447, town, vii. 454, 455 ; Karnal,
viii. 20-22 ; Karniil, viii. 41-43 ; Kar-
war, \aii. 54, 55 ; Kashmir, viii. 60-62 ;
Kathiawar, viii. 90-92 ; Khairpur, viii.
134; Khandesh, viii. 151-153 ; Kistna
District, viii. 227, 228 ; Kodungalur
(Cranganore), viii. 240, 241 ; Kohat,
viii. 243-245 ; Kolaba, viii. 262-264 ;
Kolhapur, viii. 281-283 ; Kotah, viii.
304-306; Kuch Behar, viii. 319-322;
Kiilu, viii. 338, 339 ; Kumaun, viii.
350-352 ; Lahore, viii. 405-407 ; Lakh-
impur, viii. 428, 429 ; Lalitpur, viii.
448 - 450 ; Lohardaga, viii. 477 - 479 ;
Lucknow District, viii. 493-496, city,
viii. 502-511 ; Ludhiana, viii. 519-521 ;
Madras Presidency, ix. 9- 1 5, city, ix.
103, 104; ]Madura, ix. 122-124; Mahe,
ix. 171 ; Mainpuri, ix. 203, 204; Mala-
bar, ix. 220-222 ; Mandla, ix. 301-303 ;
Mangalore, ix. 313 ; Manipur, ix. 326-
328; Masulipatam, ix. 353-355; ISIeerut,
ix., 383-385; Midnapur, ix. 425, 426;
Mirzapur, ix. 454, 455 ; Moradabad,
ix. 505 - 507 ; Miiltan, x. 3 - 5 ; Mur-
shidabad, x. 22-24 ; Muttra, x. 45-47 ;
Muzaffarnagar, x. 68-70 ; Mysore, x.
92-95 ; Nagpur, x. 165-169 ; Narsingh-
pur, X. 218-220 ; Nellore, x. 262-264 ;
Nepal, X. 284-291 ; Nimar, x. 329-331 ;
NoakhaH,x. 341-343; N.-W. Provinces,
X. 361-370 ; Orissa, x. 428-432 ; Dudh,
X. 483-496 ; Patna District, xi. 94-98,
city, xi. 106-108; Pegu, xi. 125-128;
Peshawar, xi. 147 - 150 ; Poona, xi.
200-204; Prome, xi. 226-229; Punjab,
xi. 259 - 270 ; Raipur, xi. 368 - 370 ;
Rajputana, xi. 403-407 ; Rajshahi, xi.
429-431; Rangoon District, xi. 473-
476, city, xi. 481-484; RangjDur, xi.
490-492 ; Ratnagiri, xii. 5, 6 ; Rawal
Pindi, xii. 23-25 ; Rewa, xii. 46, 47 ;
Rohtak, xii. 69-71; Sagar, xii. loi-
103; Saharanpur, xii. 115 -118; St.
Thomas' Mount, xii. 143, 144 ; Salem,
xii. 153-155 ; Sambalpur, xii. 179-181 ;
Sandur, xii. 207, 208 ; Satara, xii. 277,
278 ; Sawantwari, xii. 297, 298 ; Seoni,
xii. 309, 310; Seringapatam, xii. 318,
319; Shahpur, xii. 361-363 ; Shikarpur,
xii. 386-392 ; Shimoga, xii. 400, 401 ;
Sholapur, xii. 412, 413 ; Sialkot, xii.
441-443 ; Sibi, xii. 457, 458 ; Sibsagar,
xii. 460, 461 ; Sikkim, xii. 484, 485 ;
Sind, xii. 508-516; Singhbhiim, xii.
532-534 ; Sirmur, xii. 554 ; Sirohi, xiii.
3, 4 ; Sirsa, xiii. 11, 12; Sitapur, xiii.
30-33 ; Spiti, xiii. 69, 70 ; Surat, xiii.
K
146
INDEX.
120-124; Sylhet, xiii. 145-147; Syriam,
xiii. 158, 159; Tanjore, xiii. 181-183 ;
Tatta, xiii. 218, 219 ; Taung-ngii, xiii.
221-223 ; Tavoy, xiii. 229 ; Thar and
Parkar, xiii. 264-266 ; Tinnevelli, xiii.
298-301 ; Travancore, xiii. 345-347 ;
Trichinopoli, xiii. 355-357 ; Tulsipur,
xiii. 373, 374 ; Udaipur, xiii. 402-408 ;
Unao, xiii. 427-430 ; Utraula, xiii. 456-
458 ; Vellore, xiii. 467-469 ; Vizagapa-
tam, xiii. 484-488 ; ^Yandiwash, xiii.
517, 518 ; Wiin, xiii. 539, 540. See
also Family history.
History of British India, by J. INIill,
quoted, article 'India,' vi. 314 (foot-
note 3); 365 (footnote 2).
History of India, by the Hon. Mount-
stuart Elphinstone, quoted, article
' India,' vi. 270 (footnote); 291 (foot-
note); 300 (footnote); 302 (footnotes);
306 (footnote i).
History of India as told by its own
Historians, by Sir Henry Elliot,
quoted, article 'India,' vi. 271; 287
(footnote 2); 291 (footnotes); 295 (foot-
note 2); 300 (footnote); 302 (footnote
2); 306 (footnote i); 313 (footnote).
Histoty of the Settlements and Trade of
the Europeans in the East and West
Indies, by Abbe Raynal, quoted, article
'India,' vi. 374 (footnote).
History of the Fretich in India, by Colonel
Malleson, article ' India,' vi. 379 (foot-
note).
History of the MarathAs, by James Grant-
Duff, quoted, article ' India, ' vi. chap.
xii. pp. 317-324, footnotes, passim.
History of the Mardthds, by E. Scott
Waring, quoted, article 'India,' vi.
317 (footnote l).
Hiuen Tsiang, Chinese Buddhist pilgrim,
article ' India,' vi. 2 ; 155 and footnote;
156, 157; 178,. 179; 182. Local
notices — Either visited, is quoted upon,
or referred to, on Afghanistan, i. 49 ;
Afghan - Turkistan, i. 56 ; Ajanta, i.
Ill; Ajodya, i. 134; Allahabad, i.
186, 196 ; Ambala, i. 216 ; Amravati,
i. 252 ; Andhra, i. 287 ; Asarur, i. 337 ;
Atranji Khera, i. 380 ; Kankanhalli, ii.
60 ; Benares, ii. 263 ; Bengal, ii. 275 ;
Bezwada, ii. 336 ; Bijnaur, ii. 427 ;
Broach, iii. 113 ; Buddh Gaya, iii. 126 ;
Buddhain, iii. 127 ; Charsadda, iii.
373 ; Chaul, iii. 376 ; Chola, in. 455 ;
Conjevaram, iv. 26 ; Taxila, iv. 270 ;
Ghazipur, v. 63 ; Gorakhpur, v. 165 ;
mentions Tse-kia (Taki) as capital of
the Punjab, v. 180; Mayapur, v. 331 ;
Hasan Abdal, v. 342 ; Tandwa in
Ikauna, v. 507 ; Jalandhar, vii. 85. 91 ;
on the people of the Chalukyan king-
dom, vii. 316; Kalinga, vii. 328, 329;
Kankanapalli, vii. 434 ; Kasia, viii.
79 ; Kasipur, viii. 82, 350 ; Katas, viii.
87 ; Kathiawar, viii. 90 ; Khajurahu,
viii. 140 ; Kosala, viii. 299 ; Kulu,
viii. 338 ; Ladakh, viii. 399 ; Lahore,
viii. 405, 415 ; Lahul, viii. 420 ;
Maharashtra, ix. 166 ; Mandawar, ix.
292 ; Manikiala, ix. 320 ; Masiir, ix.
350; IMultan, x. 4; Muttra, x. 53;
his journeys in the N.-W. Provinces,
X. 363 ; Patna, xi. 107 ; Patti, xi. 117 ;
Pashkalavati, xi. 147 ; in the Punjab,
xi. 260 ; Rajagriha, xi. 380, 381 ;
Rangamati, xi. 469 ; Sahet Mahet
(Sravasti), x. 484, xii. 128 ; Sakala,
\\\. 207, xii. 214; Sankisa, xii. 223;
Sarnath, xii. 270 ; Sherkot, xii. 424,
vii. 207 ; Srughna, viii. 375, xiii. 87,
88; Tamliik, ix. 425, xiii. 171 ;
Thaneswar, xiii. 260 ; Wadali, xiii.
505 ; Wadnagar, xiii. 507.. _
Hiwarkhed, town in Amraoti, Berar, v.
434-
Hiwarkher, town in Akola, Berar, v. 434.
Hlaing, township in Lower Burma, v.
434, 435-
Hlaing, river of Burma, v. 435, 436.
Hlaing-bwe, river of Burma, v. 436.
Hma\v-bi, Sub-di%'ision in Burma, v. 436.
Hmaw-bi, [township in Burma, v. 436, 437.
Llobart, Lord (i). Governor of Madras
(1794-98), ix. 67.
Hobart, Lord (2), Governor of Madras
(1872-75), ix. 67 ; buried in St. Marj''s
Church, INIadras, ix. 107.
Hocho, river in Kashmir, v. 437.
Hodal, town in Punjab, v. 437, 438.
Hodgson, Mr. B. H., on the Chakmas,
iii. 449 ; lived at Darjiling, iv. 132 ;
says Kochs merely name of Hinduized
Mechs, iv. 332 ; his oceanic theory of
the Himalaya Mountains, v. 403 ;
quoted, on the Himalayas, v. 404, 407,
408, 409 ; on the tribes of the
Himalayas, v. 413; the chief authority
on Nepal, x. 274.
Hoey, ]\Ir. W., his account of the ruins
at Sahet Mahet, quoted, xii. 126-129.
Hog, The wild, article ' India,' vi. 656,
657. Local notices — Wild hogs common
in Ajmere, i. 119; Akola, i. 141;
Allahabad, i. 185 ; Amritsar, i. 255 ;
Anantapur, i. 274; North Arcot, i. 312;
South Arcot, i. 320 ; Azamgarh, i. 393 ;
Ballia, ii. 19 ; Banda, ii. 47 ; Bankura,
ii. 79 ; Bannu, ii. 90 ; Bara Banki,
ii. 106 ; Basim, ii. 184 ; Belgaum,
ii. 232 ; Bellary, ii. 241 ; Bhandara,
ii. 361; Bhutan, ii. 414; Bogra, iii.
26; Broach, iii. 102; Budaun, iii. 1 17 5
Eulandshahr, iii. 132 ; Buldana, iii.
143; Upper Burma, iii. 212; Cachar,
iii. 234; Cambay, iii. 271; Cawnpur,
INDEX.
147
iii. 2S0 ; Chamba, iii. 328 ; Chengalpat,
iii. 382 ; Chhindwara, iii. 399 ; Chital-
driig, iii. 423 ; Chittagong, iii. 435 ;
Coimbatore, iv. 15 ; Cuddapah, iv. 48;
Cutch, iv. 60; Darbhangah, iv. 123;
Darjiling, iv. 13 1 ; Dera Ghazi Khan,
iv. 210; Dharwar, iv. 259; Dinajpur,
iv. 291 ; Eastern Dwars, iv. 329 ;
Etawah, iv. 370 ; Faizabad, iv. 381 ;
Faridpur, iv. 397 ; Fatehpur, iv. 423 ;
Gaya, v. 45 ; Godavari, v. 123 ; Gonda,
v. 147; Goona, v. 159; Gorakhpur,
V. 165 ; Gwalior, v. 229 ; Haidarabad
(Sind), v. 275 ; Hamirpur, v. 298 ;
Hissar, v. 427 ; Jalpaiguri, vii. 109 ;
Jhang, ^-ii. 206 ; Kadiir, vii. 283 ; Kaira,
vii. 300; Kaladgi, vii. 315; Kamnip,
^"i'- 355 5 North Kanara, vii. 370 ;
South Kanara, vii. 377 ; Kangra, vii.
413 ; Karniil, viii. 35 ; Kathiawar, viii.
96 ; Khairpur, viii. 133 ; Kolar, viii.
273 ; Kiilu, viii. 338 ; Lahore, viii.
405 ; Lalitpur, viii. 447 ; Larkhana,
viii. 463 ; Lohardaga, \-iii. 477 ; Madras
Presidency, ix. 90 ; Maimansingh, ix.
192 ; Malabar, ix. 220 ; Mahva, ix.
268 ; Manipur, ix. 326 ; Mergui, ix.
407 ; Midnapur, ix. 425 ; Mirzapur,
ix. 453 ; Monghyr, ix. 481 ; IMont-
gomery, ix. 495 ; Moradabad, ix. 505 ;
Muttra, X. 45 ; Muzaffargarh, x. 58 ;
Muzaffamagar, x. 68 ; Nadiya, x. 130 ;
Nallamalai Hills, x. 185 ; Nellore,
X. 262 ; Nilgiri Hills, x. 308 ; Nimar,
X. 328 ; Noakhali, x. 341 ; Pabna,
x. 512 ; Palni Mountains, -xi. 17 ;
Partabgarh, xi. 69 ; Peshawar, xi. 147 ;
Pilibhit, xi. 172; Poliir, xi. 197; Poona,
xi. 200 ; Punjab, xi. 259 ; Pumiah,
xi. 323 ; Rajshahi, xi. 429 ; Rampur,
xi. 455 ; Rangpur, xi. 489 ; Ratnagiri,
xii. 4 ; Rewa Kantha, xii. 49 ; Rohtak,
xii. 69 ; Salem, xii. 152 ; Sandur, xii.
206 ; Santal Parganas, xii. 227 ; Saran,
xii. 252 ; Satara, xii. 277 ; Shahabad,
xii. 324 ; Shahjahanpur, xii. 344 ;
Shevaroy Hills, xii. 383 ; Shimoga, xii.
400 ; Sholapur, xii. 412 ; Sialkot, xii.
441 ; Sind, xii. 507 ; Sitapur, xiii. 30 ;
Sultanpur, xiii. 97 ; the Sundarbans,
xiii. 109 ; Surat, xiii. 120 ; Tarai, xiii.
208 ; Thar and Parkar, xiii. 264 ; Tip-
perah, xiii. 314; Tiimkur, xiii. 376;
Upper Sind Frontier, xiii. 440 ; Wardha,
xiii. 524 ; Wiin, xiii. 539.
Holalkere, village and taluk in Mysore,
V. 438.
Holavanhalli, village in ^lysore, v. 438.
Holcombe, Lieutenant, killed by the
Nagas (1875), X. 145.
Hole-honnur, \allage in Mysore, v. 438.
Holiaru or Holiyars, rural serfs in South
Kanara, \-ii. 3S0, 3S1 ; Mysore, x. 99.
Holkar, family name of the chief of the
Maratha State of Indore, rise of the
family to power, article ' India,' vi.
322 ; war with the British, 323.
Holkar, Jaswant Rao (1795- 18 11), died
in camp at Bhanpura (20th Oct. 1811),
where his mausoleum is, ii. 369; attacked
Delhi, and besieged Ochterlony there,
. V. 193 ; defeated at Dig, iv. 286 ;
attacked Fatehgarh, but was defeated
by Lake, iv. 420 ; his history, vii. 6 ;
ravaged Khandesh, viii. 153 ; burnt
Khandwa, viii. 162 ; burnt Mainpuri,
ix. 212 ; sacked Sangola, xii. 220 ;
ravaged Satara, xii. 282 ; and Shola-
pur, xii. 417 ; granted Sironj to Amir
Khan, xiii. 7, 8 ; granted Tonk to Amir
Khan, xiii. 337.
Plolkar, r^Ialhar Rao I. (1693-1765), his
history, vii. 5 ; on the right with Sindia
at the battle of Panipat, xi. 45, 47 ;
called in by the Rana of Udaipur against
the Raja of Jaipur, xiii. 406.
Holkar, Malhar Rao 11. (iSii-33),
defeated at ^Nlehidpur, and made feu-
datory by the treaty of ^landesar,
vii. 6.
Holkar, Tukaji Rao, ]Maratha general,
ruled in Indore with Ahalya Bai (1765-
95 )> ^'' 5 '■> burnt Ujjain, xiii. 417.
Holkar, Tukaji Rao (1843-S6), his
conduct during the Mutiny, vii. 7.
Hollings, Captain, his operations against
Bhagwant Singh (1841), x. 493, 494.
Hollings, ]\Ir., of the Opium Agency,
assisted Mr. Money to save the treasure
at Gaya (1857), v. 45, 46.
Holmes, General Sir Thomas, his cam-
paign in Palanpur (1813), x. 540.
Holmes, Major, murdered at Segauli in
the Mutiny, iii. 335, xi. 97.
Hoi well, Mr., on the population of Cal-
cutta in 1752, iii. 241 ; survivor of the
Black Hole, iii. 241 ; on the Bhagirathi,
V. 472.
Home, Lieutenant, who blew up Kashmir
gate at Delhi, killed at Malagarh (1857),
ix. 236.
Honalli, village and taluk in Mysore,
V. 438. 439-
Honavalli, village and taluk in Mysore,
V. 439-
Honawar, Sub-division in Bombay, v.
439-
Honawar, port in Bombay, v. 439, 440.
Honey and bees-wax, obtained by the
Puliyars at Anaimudi, i. 268 ; found on
the Anamalai Hills, i. 271 ; in North
Arcot, i. 315 ; South Arcot, i. 327 ;
Bakarganj, i. 442 ; Bamra, ii. 41 ;
Bastar, ii. 206; Bhandara, ii. 361,
365 ; Bogra, iii. 326 ; Champaran, iii.
357 ; Chanda, iii. 349 ; Cherra, iii.
148
INDEX.
392 ; Coorg, iv. 32 ; Darbhangah, iv.
123 ; Dinajpur, iv. 291 ; Eastern
Dwars, iv. 329 ; Ganjam, v. 2 ; Garo
Hills, V. 26 ; Gaya, v. 44 ; Godavari,
V. 123; Gorakhpur, v. 169; Haidar-
abad, v. 245 ; Jashpur, vii. 145 ; Jenkal-
betta, vii. 178; Hajamro in Jerruck,
vii. 180; Kamrup, vii. 355; South
Kanara, vii. 376 ; Karnul, viii. 35 ;
Kathi, viii. 87 ; Khasi Hills, viii. 173 ;
Khyrim, viii. 215; Kulu, viii. 343;
Lakhimpur, viii. 427 ; Lalitpur, viii.
447 ; Lohara, viii. 474 ; Lohardaga,
viii. 476 ; Madhupur, viii. 543 ; Mai-
mansingh, ix. 192 ; Malabar, ix. 229 ;
the Melghat, ix. 403 ; Midnapur, ix.
425 ; Monghyr, ix. 4S1 ; Murshidabad,
X. 22 ; Naga Hills, x. 143 ; Nasik, x.
231 ; Nelliampati Hills, x. 260 ; Nilgiri
Hills, X. 312; Nowgong, x. 407;
Pachamalai Hills, x. 521 ; Panabaras,
xi. 24 ; Peint, xi. 130 ; Pun', xi. 301 ;
Rairakhol, xi. 378 ; Rajshahi, xi. 428 ;
Rangpur, xi. 489 ; Rawal Pindi, xii.
22; Salem, xii. 152; Santal Parganas,
xii. 227 ; Sibsagar, xii. 460 ; Singh-
bhum, xii. 531 ; Singhpur, xii. 541 ;
the Sundarbans, xiii. 112; Surgana,
xiii. 136 ; Sylhet, xiii. 145 ; Travan-
core, xiii. 345 ; Trichinopoli, xiii. 355 ;
Twenty - four Parganas, xiii. 389 ;
Wardha, xiii. 526 ; Wun, xiii. 543.
Hongal, town in Bombay, v. 440.
Honnali. See Honalli.
Honnu-hole, river in Mysore, v. 441.
Hooghly. See Hugh.
Hooker, Sir J. D., made prisoner by Raja
of Sikkim (1S49), and rescued by a
military force, vi. 131, xii. 4S5 ; quoted,
on the climate of Sikkim, iv. 139 ; the
Himalayas, v. 403, 407, 41 1 ; 'h\% Flora
of British India, ix. 81, 82 ; quoted on
Manbhum, ix. 278 ; Noakhali, x. 339,
340 ; Parasnath Hill, xi. 57 ; Rohtas-
garh, xii. 78.
Hope, Adrian, defeated the Budaun
mutineers at Shamsabad (1858), iv.
Hops, grown in Chamba, iii. 329.
Horn articles, combs, etc., made at
Etawah, iv. 379 ; Kali'ganj, vii. 326 ;
Rawal Pindi, xii. 38 ; Sawantwari, xii.
297 ; Vizagapatam, xiii. 494, 498 ;
Viziadrug, xiii. 499.
Hornblende, found or quarried at Banga-
lore, ii. 59 ; Chitaldnig, iii. 423 ; Dhar-
war, iv. 258 ; Diingarpur, iv. 322 ;
the Ghats, v. 60 ; Jabalpur, vii, 30 ;
Jodhpur, vii. 236 ; Dabbighata in
Ivadaba, vii. 278 ; South Kanara, vii.
375; Khandesh, viii. 151 ; Manipur,
ix. 324 ; Mysore State, x. 91, District,
X. 114; Tumkur, xiii. 376.
Hornby, W., Governor of Bombay {1776),
first took up residence at Parell, xi. 61.
Horses, Breeds of, article ' India,' vi.
520 ; Government stud farms, vi. 520.
Local notices — Afghanistan, i. 38;
Kunduz and Maimana in Afghan -
Turkistan, i. 55 ; Ahmadabad, i. 84 ;
Ahmadnagar, i. loo ; Baroda, ii. 164 ;
Bikaner, ii. 439 ; Cutch, iv. 62 ; Hai-
darabad State, v. 244 ; Jhang, vii. 210;
Karnal, viii. 24 ; Kathiawar, viii. 96 ;
Kunigal, viii. 366 ; Palanpur Agency,
x. 538 ; Pindigheb, xi. 184 ; Punjab,
xi. 259, 280 ; Mallani in Rajputana,
xi. 418 ; Rawal Pindi, xii. 31 ; Satara,
xii. 277 ; Sind, xii. 507. See also
Ponies.
Horse fairs, article ' India,' vi. 520.
Local notices — Horse fairs or shows
held at Agar, i. 57, ix. 271 ; Amritsar,
i. 259, 266; Batesar, ii. 216 ; Malegaon
in Haidarabad, v. 244, ix. 263 ; Hard-
war, V. 334; INIaheji, ix. 172; Muzaf-
fargarh, x. 62 ; Rawal Pindi, xii. 31,
32, T^'i) '■> Rohtak, xii. 77 ; Saharanpur,
xii. 125 ; Shahpur, xii. 365 ; Sonpur,
xiii. 63.
Horsley, Captain, planned and erected
the Observatory at Trivandrum, xiii.
369-
Horsleykonda, mountain in Madras, v.
441-
Hos or Larka Kols in Singhbhum, de-
scribed, xii. 535, 536.
Hosangadi, ghat or pass in Madras, v.
44I-,
Hosdriig, town in Madras, v. 441.
Hosdurga, village and tdltik in Mysore,
V. 441-
Hoshang Ghori, king of Malwa (1405),
took Kalpi (1435), but lost it (1442),
vii. 342 ; had his capital at Mandor,
ix. 267 ; his mausoleum at Mandogarh,
ix. 308.
Hoshangabad, District in Central Pro-
vinces, V. 441-449; physical aspects,
442, 443 ; history, 443, 444 ; popula-
tion, 444, 445; agriculture, 445-447;
commerce and trade, 447 ; administra-
tion, 447, 448 ; medical aspects, 448,
449-
Hoshangabad, tahsilm. Central Provinces,
V. 449.^
Hoshangabad, town in Central Provinces,
V. 449, 450. ...
Hoshiarpur, District in Punjab, v. 450-
458 ; physical aspects, 450-452 ; his-
tory, 452-454 ; population, 454, 455 ;
agriculture, 455, 456 ; commerce and
trade, 456, 457 ; administration, 457 ;
medical aspects, 457, 458.
Hoshiarpur, tahsil in Punjab, v. 458.
Hoshiarpur, town in Punjab, v. 458, 495-
INDEX.
149
Hoskot, town and taluk in Mysore, v.
459-
Hospet, town in Madras, v. 459.
Hospitals, General and Eye at Allahabad,
i. 194 ; the Bowring at Bangalore, ii.
65 ; the Jamnabai at Baroda, ii. 169 ;
the Prince of Wales at Benares, ii. 266 ;
the Mayo, Campbell, and Eden at Cal-
cutta, iii. 259 ; the Mitford at Dacca,
iv. 92 ; the Eden Sanitarium at Dar-
jiling, iv. 140 ; Indore, vii. 9, 10 ; the
Mayo at Jaipur, vii. 60 ; Karachi, vii.
459 ; the Mayo at Lahore, viii. 418 ;
Lucknow, viii. 511 ; Madras, ix. 118;
the Egerton at Peshawar, xi. 160 ; the
Sassoon at Poona, xi. 214 ; (veterinary)
Saidapet, xii. 141 ; Surat, xiii. 131 ;
Vizagapatam, xiii. 498 ; besides the
regular civil hospitals at the head-quar-
ters of each District.
Hossangadi. See Hosangadi.
Ilosur, village and taluk in Madras, v.
459, 460.
Hosur, town in Madras, v. 460.
Hoti-mardan, cantonment in Punjab, v.
460.
Hough, his estimate of the population of
Kandahar, vii. 390.
Hough, Rev. J., his missionary labours
in Tinnevelli (i8i5), xiii. 304.
Houng-tharaw. Sec Haung-tharaw.
Houses, huts, or dwelling-places, of the
Akas, i. 136 ; of the Arakan Hill Tribes,
i. 301 ; of the Bhutias, ii. 413 ; of the
Burmese, iii. 177, 178 ; of the Chins,
iii. 177; of the Karens, iii. 1S8, 189;
of the Deori Chutiyas, iii. 467 ; of the
Daphlas, iv. 1 19; of the Chandals in
Faridpur, iv. 401 ; of the Garos, v. 29 ;
in Jalpaiguri, vii. 1 13; in Jodhpur,
vii. 172; of the Juangs, vii. 250; in
Kamrup, vii. 361 ; in Kangra, vii. 418,
419 ; in Kashmir, viii. 70 ; of the
• Khamtis, viii. 145 ; of the Khasis, viii.
I75> 176; in Lahul, viii. 421, 422;
of the Malayalis, ix. 239, 240 ; of the
Mikirs, ix. 437 ; of the Miris, ix. 444,
446, 447 ; of the Mishmis, ix. 464 ;
of the Angami Nagas, x. 149 ; of the
Kukis, x. 150 ; of the Chenchus, x. 185 ;
in Nasik, x. 230 ; of the Nicobarians,
X. 296; of the Todas, x. 310; of the
Botwas, x. 525 ; of the Minas, xi. 414;
in Rangpur, xi. 495 ; in Rawal Pindi,
xii. 28 ; of the Santals, xii. 239 ; in
Sialkot, xii. 445 ; in Sibsagar, xii. 466 ;
in Sirmur, xii. 555 ; in Sylhet, xiii.
Howrah, Sub-district in Bengal, v. 461-
464 ; physical aspects, 461, 462 ; popu-
lation, 462, 463 ; agriculture, 463 ;
administration, 463, 464.
Howrah, Sub-division in Bengal, v. 464.
Howrah, large town on the Hi'igli
opposite Calcutta, v. 464, 465.
Hpa-gat, township in Burma, v. 465.
Hpa-gat, village in Burma, v. 465, 466.
Hpaung-lin, township in Burma, v. 466.
Hpyu, river in Burma, v. 466.
Hubli, Sub-division in Bombay, v. 466.
Hubli, town in Bombay, v. 466, 467.
Hudikeri, village in Coorg, v. 467.
Hugel, on date of temple of Matan, ix.
360 ; saw Mer and Ser peaks from
Wazirabad, ix. 406.
Hughes, F., quoted, on the coal-fields of
Jharia, vii. 228, 229.
Hughes, A. W. , quoted, on the harbour
of Sonmiani, xiii. 61.
Hugh', river in Bengal, v. 467-489;
general course of the Hugh, 468 ;
three sections of the Hi'igli, 468, 469 ;
alleged deterioration of the Hugli, 469;
head-waters of the Hugli, 469 ; Hugli
fed by infiltration, 469, 470 ; Hiigli
head-waters — (i) Bhagirathi, the, 470,
471 ; alleged deterioration of the
Bhagirathi, 471, 472 ; Hiigli head-
waters— (2) Jalangi and Bhairab, the,
472, 473 ; Jalangi, the, 473 ; Hiigli
head-waters — (3) Matabhanga, the,
473, 474 ; work done by the Hiigli
head-waters, 474 ; Hiigli head-waters
as trade routes, 474 ; deepening opera-
tions on the Hiigli head-waters, 474,
475 ; Nadiya rivers operations, 475,
476 ; training works on the Nadiya
rivers, 476, 477 ; results of the Nadiya
rivers operations, 477 ; future of the
Hiigli head-waters, the, 477, 478 ;
second section of the Hiigli, 478 ;
old Damodar junction with the Hiigli,
the, 478, 479 ; results of the closing of
the Damodar mouth, 479 ; ruin of
European settlements on the Hiigli
above Calcutta, 479, 480 ; old Saras-
wati, the, 480, 481 ; alleged drying
up of the Hiigli, 481, 482 ; railway
bridge near Hiigli, 482 ; the Hiigli from
Calcutta downwards, 482 ; the Hiigli
at Calcutta, 482, 483 ; alleged de-
terioration of the Hugli channels, 483,
484 ; changes in the channels below
Calcutta, 484 ; James and Mary
Sands, 484, 485 ; present state of the
James and Mary Sands, 485 ; Hiigli
pilot service, 485, 486 ; tug service,
486 ; attempts to improve the channels,
486, 487 ; defences of the Hiigli,
487 ; estuary of the Hugli, 487, 488 ;
tide, 488 ; refuge houses, 488 ; scenery
on the banks, 488, 489.
Hiigli, District in Bengal, v, 489-498 ;
physical aspects, 489, 490 ; history,
490-492; population, 492, 493; division
into town and country, 493, 494 ;
15°
INDEX.
agriculture, 494, 495 ; natural calami-
ties, 495 ; commerce and trade, 496 ;
administration, 496 - 498 ; medical
aspects, 498.
Hugli, Sub- division in Bengal, v, 498,
499-
Hugli, town in Bengal, v, 498, 499 ;
East India Company's factory estab-
lished at (1640), article ' India,' vi.
369 ; oppressed by the Mughal
governor, vi. 370.
Hugri, river in Mysore, v. 500.
Hujra, town in Punjab, v. 151.
Hukeri, town in Bombay, v. 151.
Huliyar, village in Mysore, v. 1 5 1.
Huliyar-durga, village in Mysore, v,
151.
Human sacrifice, among the Kandhs,
article ' India,' vi. 62; in Siva-worship,
vi. 212 ; substitute of animals for
human offerings, vi. 213, Local notices
— Assam, i. 345 ; Bastar, ii. 206 ;
Bengal, ii. 291 ; Bhangoda, ii. 369 ;
Bissemkatak, iii. 18 ; Bonai, iii. 86 ;
Bundare, iii. 150 ; the Gonds in the
Central Provinces, iii. 310, 31 1 ; the
Deori Chutiyas, iii. 467 ; the Garos,
V. 30; Gumsur, v. 199 ; Hill Tipperah,
V. 396 ; Jaintia, vii. 46, 47 ; Jaipur
(Madras), vii. 63 ; the Kandh-mals,
vii. 400 ; the Kandhs, vii. 404 ;
Phuljhar, xi. 164; on the Singanmat
(1867), xii. 528.
Humayun, second Mughal Emperor of
Delhi (1530-56), article 'India,' vi.
290, 291 ; expulsion from India by his
Afghan governor of Bengal, vi. 291 ;
subsequent recovery of the throne by
the second battle of Panfpat, vi. 291.
Local notices — Took Champaner, iii.
333 ; defeated by Sher Shah at Chausa,
iii. 378 ; his mausoleum at Delhi, iv.
188 ; moved capital from Agra to
Delhi, iv. 193; conquered Jaunpur and
Behar for his father Babar, vii. 153 ;
his twelve years' siege of Kalinjar,
vii. 332 ; defeated by Sher Shah at
Kanauj, vii. 386 ; took Pawagarh, xi.
122 ; his family sheltered in Rewa, xii.
47 ; his attemjDts to invade Sind, xii.
510.
Humberstone, Colonel, defeated Tipi'i
Sultan at Ponani, after failing to take
Palghat (1782), xi. 197 ; took refuge at
Tanur on his retreat from Palghat,
xiii. 199.
Humcha, village in Mysore, v. 501, 502.
Hume, A. O., founded High School at
Etawah, iv. 377, 379 ; Humeganj
there, called after him, iv. 378 ; his
identification of Munj, x. 15.
Ilungund, town and Sub-division in
Bombay, v. 502.
Huns, The White, probably destroyed
Shorkot in tlie 6th century, xii. 424.
Hiinsur, town in Mysore, v. 502.
Hunter, Major F. M., his account of
Perim, used, xi. 137, 138.
Hunter, Rev. T., missionary, murdered
at Sialkot (1857), church in memory
of, there, xii. 445.
Hunza, mountain State in Afghanistan,
XV. 502, 503.
Hurang, range of hills in Assam, \. 503.
Husain, town in N.-W. Provinces, v.
503-
Husain Ali, Sayyid, with his brother,
placed Faruksiyyar on the throne
(1713), and overthrew him (1719), v.
257, 258 ; came from Jansath, vii.
142.
Husain Beg, took Sandwip Island and
the mouths of the Meghna from Arakan
(1664), iii. 436. _
Husain Beli, ferry in Bombay, v. 503.
Husain Nizam Shah, king of Ahmadnagar
(1553-88), one of the Muhammadan
kings who won the battle of Talikot
(1564), i. loS.
Husainpur-Bahadurpur, village in N.-W.
Provinces, v. 503.
Husain Shah, Afghan king of Gaur ( 1499-
1520), took prisoner Nilambhar, Raja
of Rangpur, xi. 491.
Husain Shah, last Sultan of Jaunpur,
seized Budaun (1479), but was ex-
pelled by Bahlol Lodi, iii. I17 ; built
the Jama Masjid at Jaunpur, vii. 152 ;
defeated at Kalpi (1477), vii. 342;
took Sambhal (1473), ix. 506.
Hushiarpur. See Hoshiarpur.
Hutri-durga, hill in Mysore, v. 503.
Hyaenas, in India, article ' India,' vi.
655. Local notices — Found on Mount
Abu, i. 6 ; in Akola, i. 141 ; Ananta-
pur, i. 274 ; North Arcot, i. 312 ;
South Arcot, i. 320 ; Baluchistan, ii.
36 ; Banda, ii. 47 ; Bankura, ii. 79 ;
Bannu, ii. 90 ; Belgaum, ii. 232 ;
Bellary, ii. 241 ; Bulandshahr, iii. 132;
Buldana, iii. 143 ; Chitaldrug, iii. 423;
Cochin, iv. 2 ; Coimbatore, iv. 15 ;
Cuddapah, iv. 48 ; Dharwar, iv. 259 ;
Gaya, v. 45 ; Godavari, v. 123 ;
Goona, v. 159; Gwalior, v. 229;
Haidarabad (Sind), v. 275 ; Hamirpur,
v. 298 ; Hissar, v. 427 ; Hoshiarpur,
V. 452 ; Indore, vii. 2 ; Jerruck, vii.
iSo; Jhang, vii. 206; Jhansi, vii. 217 ;
Kaira, vii. 300 ; North Kanara, vii.
370 ; Kangra, vii. 413 ; Karachi, vii.
445 ; Karnul, viii. 35 ; Kathiawar,
viii. 96 ; Khairpur, viii. 133 ; Kolaba,
viii. 261 ; Kolar, viii. 273 ; Kotah,
viii. 304 ; Kulu, viii. 338 ; Kumaun,
viii. 349 ; Lalitpur, viii. 447 ; Lark-
INDEX.
iSi
hana, viii. 463 ; Lohardaga, viii. 477 ;
Madras Presidency, ix. 8, 89 ; Main-
puri, ix. 203 ; Malabar, ix. 220 ;
Midnapur, ix. 425 ; Mirzapur, ix. 453;
Monghyr, ix. 481; Muttra, x. 45;
Nllgiri Hills, x. 308 ; Rajagriha Hills,
xi, 94 ; Peshawar, xi. 147 ; Punjab,
xi. 259 ; Purniah, xi. 323 ; Rawal
Pindi, xii. 22; Saharanpur, xii. 1 15;
Salem, xii. 152 ; Santal Parganas, xii.
227 ; Satara, xii. 277 ; Shahabad, xii.
324 ; Shevaroy Hills, xii. 383 ; Sind,
xii. 507 ; Sirmur, xii. 554 ; Siwalik
Hills, xiii. 43 ; Surat, xiii. 120 ; Tarai,
xiii. 208 ; the Thar, xiii. 264 ; Upper
Sind Frontier, xiii. 440 ; Wardha, xiii.
524 ; Wun, xiii. 539.
Hyderabad. See Haidarabad.
Hyderabad Assigned Districts or Berar.
See Haidarabad Assigned Districts.
Hydergarh. Sec Hosangadi.
Hylakandy. See Hailakandi.
Ibex, The, article ' India,' vi. 657.
Local notices — Found on the Anamalai
Hills, i. 270 ; Baluchistan, ii. 36 ;
Chamba, iii. 329 ; Cochin, iv. 2 ;
Coimbatore, iv. 15 ; Western Ghats,
V. 59 ; Hindu Kush, v. 419 ; Jerruck,
vii. 180; Kangra, vii. 413; Kashmir,
viii. 68 ; Kiilu, viii. 338 ; Larkhana,
viii. 463 ; Madras Presidency, ix. 8,
9t ; Maciura, ix. 121 ; Malabar, ix.
220 ; Nllgiri Hills, x. 307 ; Palni
Mountains, xi. 17 ; Pishin, xi. 188 ;
Sind, xii. 507 ; Wardwan valley, xiii.
530-
Ibn Batuta, traveller from Tangiers,
quoted on Daulatabad under Muham-
mad Tughlak, iv. 160 ; the mosque of
Kutab-ud-din at Delhi, iv. 191 ; the
desolation of Delhi in 1341, iv. 192 ;
Dharmapatam, iv. 253 ; Honawar, v.
440 ; mentions Malabar as Mulaibar,
ix. 217 ; visited the Maldive .Islands
(1341), ix. 249.^
Ibrahim Adil Shah I., king of Bijapur
(1534-57), defeated the king of Ahmad-
nagar, i. ic8 ; his reign, ii. 424 ; ceded
Bardez and Salsette to the Portuguese,
v. loi.
Ibrahim Adil Shah II., king of Bijapur
(1579-1626), his reign, ii. 424.
Ibrahim Khan, commanded the Maratha
left at the battle of Panipat (1761),
his conduct there, xi. 45-47.
Ibrahim Lodi, Defeat and overthrow of,
by Babar at the first battle of Panipat
(1526), article ' India,' vi. 290. Local
notices — Took Gwalior, v. 236 ; de-
feated by Babar at Lahore, viii. 405 ;
his final defeat and death at Panipat,
xi. 44, 45 ; planted Muhammadan
colony at Sakit, xii. 146.
Ibrahim Sharki, Sultan of Jaunpur (1401-
40), defeated the Bhars in Bachhrawan,
i. 405 ; annihilated them in Dalmau,
iv. 100 ; built the Atala Masjid at
Jaunpur, vii. 152, 159 ; his sieges of
Kalpi, vii. 342 ; conquered Sambhal,
ix. 505 ; his reduction and administra-
tion of most of Oudh, x. 487 ; built
the fort and well of Rai Bareli, xi. 360,
conqured Safipur, xii. lOO ; overthrew
Raja of Ugri, xiii. 416.
Ibrahimabad, town in Oudh, v. 504.
Ichak, town in Bengal, v. 504.
Ichakada, village in Bengal, v. 504.
Ichamati, river in Bengal, v. 504.
Ichapur, town in Madras, v. 504.
Ichapur, town in Bengal, v. 505.
Ichanli, town in Oudh, v. 505.
Ichawar, town in Central India, v. 505.
Ichra, suburb of Lahore, v. 505.
Idar. See Edar.
Idha. See Aidaha.
Igatpuri, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, V. 505, 506.
Iggutappa-kunda, mountain in Coorg, v.
506.
Iglas, town and tahsll in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, V. 506, 507.
Ihtimad-ud-Daula, wazir of the Emperor
Jahangir, his mausoleum at Agra, i.
75-
Ikauna, town and pargand in Oudh, v.
507, 508.
Ikhtiyarpur, town in Oudh, v. 508.
Ikhtiyar-ud-din Malik Usbeg, invaded
Kamrup (1256), but defeated and
mortally wounded, vii. 356, 357-
Ikkeri, village in Mysore, v. 508.
Ilambazar, town in Bengal, v. 508.
Ilavarasanandal. Sec Elavarasanandal.
Ilichpur. See Ellichpur.
Iliyas Kivaja Sultan, first Muhammadan
king of Bengal, moved capital from
Gaur to Panduah (1353), xi. 40, 41 ;
invaded and plundered Tipperah, xiii.
314-
Ilkal, town in Bombay, v. 508, 509.
Ilol, town and State in Bombay, v. 509.
Imad Shahi, Muhammadan dynasty of
S. India (1484-1572), article ' India,'
vi. 288.
Imdin or revenue - free grants and the
Imam Commission in Madras, ix.
5,2' 53- . .
Imamgarh, historic fortress in Bombay,
V. 509.
Imlak, Col., took Deogadh (1818), iv.233.
Immigration. See Emigration and im-
migration.
152
INDEX.
Immobility of the Indian peasant, article
' India,' vi. 47.
Impediments to improved husbandry,
namely, want of cattle, want of manure,
and want of water, article ' India,' vi.
517-519-
Impey, Sir Elijah, Portrait of, in the
High Court, Calcutta, iii. 251 ; Loretto
Convent on the site of his house there,
iii. 253.
Impey, Major, his policy in Sambalpur
(1861), xii. 181.
Imports and Exports. See Exports and
Imports.
Import trade of India, Analysis and
principal staples of, article ' India,' vi.
565-568 ; coasting imports and exports,
vi. 584-586.
Incarnations of Vishnu, article ' India,'
vi. 215, 216 and footnote.
Ince, Dr., quoted on Srinagar, xiii. 76.
Inchalkaranji, State in Bombay, v. 509,
510.
Inchalkaranji, town in Bombay, v. 510.
Income and Expenditure of British India,
article ' India,' vi. 465-470.
Increase of population between 1872 and
1881, article ' India,' vi. 47, 49, 50 ;
and Population section in the several
District articles.
Indapur, town and Sub - division in
Bombay, v. 510.
Indarpat, village in Punjab, v. 510, 511.
Indaur. See Indore.
independent Nayaks and Palegars of
S. India, article ' India,' vi. 288.
Independent States, bordering on British
India, Afghanistan, i. 27-53 ; Afghan-
Turkistan, i. 53-56 ; Baluchistan, ii.
27-40; Bhutan, ii. 411-417; Inde-
pendent (now Upper) Burma, iii. 209-
229; Nepal, X. 274-291; Sikkim, xii.
483-488.
Indi, town and Sub-division in Bombay,
V. 511.
India, Empire of, vol. vi. : —
Chap. I. Physical Aspects. — Gene-
ral description of India, boundaries,
1-4; the three regions of India, 4.
First region — the Himalayas, their
scenery and products, 4-10. Second
region — the northern river plains, lO-
34 ; the great rivers, their work, land-
making, 10-33 ; the Indus, Brahma-
putra, and Ganges, 10-16; the Gangetic
river system, the highway of Bengal,
16-20; great Gangetic cities, 20, 21 ;
three stages in the life of an Indian
river, 21, 22 ; delta of the Ganges, its
age and process of formation, 23-28 ;
the rivers as highways and as destroyers,
29-32 ; scenery and crops of the
northern river plains, 32 - 34 ; third
region of India, the southern table-
land, 34-41 ; the Deccan, the^/zaVjand
their passes, 35-38 ; the four forest
regions of Southern India, 38-40; crops
and scenery of Southern India, 40, 41 ;
British Burma, its geography and pro-
ducts, 41, 42.
Chap. II. The Population of India.
— Feudatory India, the chiefs and their
powers, 43 ; the twelve British pro-
vinces, how governed, 43, 44 ; popula-
tion tables, 44, 45 ; pressure of popula-
tion, overcrowded Districts, 46 ; under-
peopled Provinces, the ' immobile '
Indian peasant, 47 ; nomadic system
of husbandry, 47 ; the land and labour
question in India, serfdom, 48, 49 ;
unequal pressure of population, its
remedies, 49, 50 ; population of India
in 1872 and 1881, increase, 50; the
ethnical elements of the Indian people,
5i> 52.
Chap. III. The Non-Arya7t Races.
— Kistvaen builders, flint and bronze
periods, 53 ; the non-Aryans of Vedic
India described, 53, 54 ; Andaman
islanders, Anamalai Hill tribes, 55 ;
polyandry among the Nairs ; the Gonds,
55, 56 ; leaf-wearing Juangs of Orissa,
Himalayan tribes, 56, 57 ; the Santals —
villageand tribal government, 57; Santal
customs, religion, and history, 58-60 ;
the Kandhs — tribal government, wars,
and blood revenge, 60, 61 ; Kandh
marriage by capture, human sacrifice,
61, 62 ; the three non- Aryan stocks —
Tibeto-Burmans, Dravidians, and Kol-
arians, their languages, 63-69 ; statis-
tics of non- Aryan races in 1872 and
1881, 69-71 ; crushed tribes, gipsy
clans, predatory tribes, 71, 72; char-
acter of the non-Aryan tribes, 72, 73 ;
Mhairs and Bhils, their reclamation by
good government, 73, 74.
Chap. IV. The Aryans in Ancient
India.— The. Indo-European stock, 75 ;
its early camping-ground in Central
Asia, 75, 76 ; common origin of
European and Indian religions, 76 ;
the Indo- Aryans on the march, and in
their new homes, 76, 77 ; the Rig-
Veda, widow-burning unknown, 77>
78 ; development of caste, 78, 87, 88,
89, 90, 91, 94, 95, 96 ; Aryan civilisa-
tion in the Veda, 79-86 ; the Aryan
tribes organized into kingdoms, 87 ;
origin and growth of priestly families,
87, 88 ; the four Vedas, Brahmanas,
Sutras, 88, 89 ; the warrior and cul-
tivating castes, 89, 90 ; the four castes
formed, 90, 91 ; struggle between the
INDEX.
153
Brahmans and Kshattriyas, 92 - 94 ;
Brahman supremacy established, Brah-
man ideal life, 94-97 ; Brahman theo-
logY) 97 ; rise of the post-Vedic gods,
the Hindu triad, 97, 98 ; Brahman
philosophy, its six schools, 98, 99 ;
Brahman science and grammar, Panini,
100, loi ; Sanskrit and Prakrit dialects
and Mss., 101-104; the Indian alpha-
bets, 102, 103 ; Brahman astronomy,
its three periods, 104-106; Brahman
mathematics, medicine, and surgery,
106 -no; Hindu art of war, no;
Indian music, its peculiarities and
modern revival, IIO-I12; Indian archi-
tecture, art-work, and painting, 112,
113; Brahman law — codes of Manu
and Yajnavalkya, 113-115 ; Hindu
customary law, perils of codification,
116-118 ; secular literature of the
Hindus, 118; the Alahdbhdrata, its
growth and central story, 1 19-122 ; the
polyandry of Draupadi, 121, 122; the
Rdmdyana, its story and its author,
Valmiki, 122, 124 ; later Sanskrit epics,
124, 125 ; the Hindu drama, Kalidasa,
125-127 ; the Hindu novel, beast
stories, 127, 128; Sanskrit lyric poetry,
Jayadeva, 128 ; mediceval theology,
the Puranas, 128-130; 216, 217; the
six attacks on Brahmanism, 130, 131.
Chap. V. Buddhistn (543 B.C. to
1000 A.D.). — Buddha's story modelled
on the Sanskrit epic, 132 ; Buddha, the
spiritual development of the heroic
Aryan man, 133, 134 ; Buddha's
parentage, early life, and great renun-
ciation, 133, 134; his forest life, temp-
tation, and teachings, 134, 135 ; his
later years and death, 136, 137 ; the
northern and southern Buddhist schools,
138 ; political life of Buddha, his
opponents, Devadatta, 139, 140; doc-
trines of Buddha, Kaniia, Ni>-vdna,
141, 142; moral code of Buddha, its
missionary aspects, 143 ; political de-
velopment of Buddhism, the four
Councils, 143, 144, 147 ; the work of
Asoka, his council and edicts, 144-147;
the work of Kanishka, 147 ; the
northern and southern Buddhist canons,
147-149 ; spread of Buddhism through-
out Asia, 149, 150; Buddhist influences
on Christianity, 150; Buddha as a
Christian saint, 151, 152; Buddha's
personality denied, 153 ; Buddhism did
not oust Brahmanism, 154, 155 ; the
Chinese Buddhist pilgrims, Fa Hian
and Hiuen Tsiang, 155, 156 ; Buddhism
under Siladitya, monastery of Nalanda,
^56, 157 ; mingling of Buddhism and
Brahmanism, 157 ; Buddhism an exiled
religion, its foreign conquests, 158 ;
Buddhist survivals in India, 157-162;
the Jains, their relation to the Bud-
dhists, 157-162.
Chap. VI. The Greeks in India
(32710 161 B.C.). — Early Greek writers
— Hekataios, Strabo, Pliny, and Arrian,
163 ; Alexander in India, results of
his invasion, 164-166 ; Seleukos and
Chandra Gupta, 166, 169 ; the India
of Megasthenes, 168, 169; Indo-Greek
treaty, later Greeks, 170; Greek sur-
vivals in Indian art, 171, 172; ancient
and modern Greeks, the Yavanas, 172,
173-
Chap. \II. Scythic Inroads into
India (126? B.C. to 544 A.D.). — Early
Scythic migrations towards India, Tue-
Chi settlements, 174, 175; pre-Bud-
dhistic Scythic influences, the horse
sacrifice, 175, 176; was Buddha a
Scythian? Tibetan traditions, 1 76- 1 78;
Scythic Buddhism and settlements in
India, 178, 179; Scythian elements in
India, the Jats and Rajputs (?), 179,
I So ; Indian struggle against the
Scythians, 180 - 182 ; Indo - Scythic
settlements — Sen, Gupta, and Valabhi
dynasties, 181, 182 ; pre-Aryan king-
doms in Northern India, 183, 184 ; the
Takshaks and Nagas, 184-186; Ghak-
kars, Bhars, Bhils, Kochs, Ahams,
Gonds, etc., 186-189; Scythic and
Naga influences on Hinduism, 189,
190.
Chap. VIII. Rise of Hinduism
(750 to 1520 A.D.). — Decay and per-
secution (?) of Buddhism, 191, 192;
twofold basis of Hinduism — caste
and religion, 192 ; caste founded on
'race,' 'occupation,' and 'locality,'
192, 193 ; the Brahman caste analysed,
193, 194; building up of caste, Hindu
marriage law, 194, 195 ; changes of
' occupation ' by castes, 196, 197 ;
plasticity and rigidity of caste, 197 ;
caste a system of trade - guilds, an
Indian strike, 197, 198 ; practical
working of caste, no poor-law, rewards
and punishments, 198-200 ; religious
basis of Hinduism, 200, 201 ; Buddhist
influences, beast hospitals, monasteries,
201, 202 ; a Japanese temple and a
Christian church, 202, 203 ; shrines
common to different faiths, 203 ; ser-
pent worship, Naga rites, phaUic em-
blems, 204 ; fetish worship in Hin-
duism, the Sdlagrdm, 205, 206 ; Brah-
man founders of Hinduism, low-caste
apostles, 207 ; the Acta Sanctorum of
Hinduism, the Bhakta - Mala, 208 ;
Kumarila Bhatta, Sankara Acharya,
209 ; growth of Siva worship, its two-
fold aspects, 210-212 ; human offerings,
154
INDEX.
the Charak Pnja, 212, 213 ; the thirteen
Sivaite sects, their gradations, 213,
214 ; Siva and Vishnu compared, 215 ;
friendly Vishnu, the Vishnu Purdna,
215, 216; Brahmanical and popular
Vlshnuism, 217 ; Vishnuite founders
— Ramanuja, Ramanand, 217, 218 ;
Kabir, Chaitanya, Vallabha - Swami,
218-222; Krishna - worship, the chief
Vishnuite sects, 222, 223 ; the Brah-
manical and Buddhist origin of Jagan-
nath, 224 ; Christian calumnies against
Jagannath, 224-226 ; modern fate of
the Hindu triad, 227, 22S.
Chap. IX. Christianity in India
{circa 100 to 18S1 A.D.). — Christianity
coeval with Buddhism for 900 years,
229 ; origin of Christianity in India,
229 ; the three legends of St. Thomas,
230-239 ; St. Thomas the Apostle,
Thomas the Manichtean, Thomas the
Armenian, 231, 232; wide meaning of
' India ' in the Fathers, 233 ; early
Indian Christians (190 A. D. ), 234, 235 ;
the Nestorian churcli in Asia, its wide
diffusion, 235, 236 ; ' Thomas Chris-
tians ' of Persia and of India, 237 ;
mixed worships at the alleged shrine of
St. Thomas near Madras, 238 ; troubles
of the ancient Indian church, 240 ;
extinction of the Nestorian church, 241,
242, 243 ; first Portuguese missionaries
(1500 A.D.), the Syrian rite, 243-245;
Xavier and the Jesuits, work done by,
244, 245 ; Jesuit literature in India,
246, 250, 253 ; parochial organization
of Portuguese India, 247; Jesuit colleges
and rural settlements, 247 - 250 ; the
Jesuit Malabar mission in the 17th and
l8th centuries, 251, 252; the Portuguese
inquisition at Goa, 253, 254 ; the
Jesuits suppressed (1759-73), re-estab-
lished {1814), 254, 255 ; organization
of Roman Catholic missions, 255, 256 ;
distribution of Roman Catholics in
India, 257, 259 ; first Protestant mis-
sionaries (1705), Danish, Lutherans,
259, 260 ; Schwartz, Kiernander, the
Serampur missionaries, 260 ; bishopric
of Calcutta, Indian sees, 261 ; Presby-
terian and other missions, 261 ; statis-
tics of Protestant missions, and their
progress, 261, 263, 265 ; general statis-
tics of Christian population in India,
264 ; the Indian ecclesiastical establish-
ment, 266, 267.
Chap. X. Early Muhatninadan
Riders (711 to 1526 A.D.). — Early Arab
expeditions to Bombay and Sind, 268 ;
India on the eve of the Muhammadan
conquest, 268, 269 ; Hindu kingdoms
(1000 A.D.), 269; the Muhammadan
conquests only short-lived and tem-
porary, 270; table of Muhammadan
dynasties (looi to 1857 A.D.), 271 ;
first Tiirki invasions, Subuktigin (977
A.D.), 272 ; Mahmud of Ghazni, his 17
invasions, Somnath, 273, 274; house
of Ghor (1001-30 A.D.), Muhammad of
Ghor's invasions, 275 - 278 ; Hindu
kingdoms, Rajput dissensions (1184
A. D. ), 276, 277; Muhammadan con-
quest of Bengal, 277, 278; Slave dynasty
(1206-90 A. D.), Altamsh, the Empress
Raziya, 278, 279 ; Mughal irruptions
into Northern India, and Rajput revolts,
279, 280 ; Balban's cruelties and his
royal pensioners, end of Slave dynasty,
280 ; house of Khilji, Ala-ud-din's
conquest of Southern India, 280, 282 ;
Mughal mercenaries for the suppression
of Hindu revolts, 282, 28 ? ; house of
Tughlak (1320-1414 A.D.), Muhammad
Tughlak's expeditions and cruelties,
283 ; his forced currency, revenue exac-
tions, and revolts against him, 283, 284 ;
Firuz Shah Tughlak's canals (1351-88
A. D. ), 285 ; Timur (Tamerlane), (1398
A.D.), Sayyid and Lodi dynasties, 285,
286 ; Hindu kingdoms of the Deccan,
Vijayanagar, 286, 287, 2S8 ; five Mu-
hammadan States of the Deccan, Bah-
mani kings, 287, 288 ; independent
Nayaks and Palegars of Southern India,
288 ; state of India on the eve of the
Mughal conquest, 288, 289.
Chap. XI. The Mughal Empire
(1526 to 1761 A.D.). — Babar's early
life, his invasion of India, Panipat
(1526), 290; Humayun, Sher Shah
the Afghan, 290, 291 ; Akbar the
Great, his work in India (1560- 1605),
291-297 ; his conciliation of the Hindus,
intermarriages, 293 ; Akbar's Hindu
militaiy and revenue officers, 293 ;
reform of Hindu customs, change of
capital to Agra, 293, 294 ; Akbar's
subjugation of Khandesh, his death,
294, 295 ; Akbar's religious principles,
his new faith, 295, 296 ; Akbar's
organization of the empire, army and
judicial reforms, 296 ; Akbar's financial
system, table of his revenues, 296-298 ;
revenues of the Mughal Empire (1593-
1761), 299, 300; Jahangir Emperor
(1605-27), the Empress Nur Jahan,
300, 301; Sir Thomas Roe, ambassador,
drinking bouts at court, 301, 302;
Jahangir's personal character, his jus-
tice and religion, 302 ; Shah Jahan
Emperor (1628-58), his Deccan con-
quests, 302-304 ; Shah Jahan's archi-
tectural works — Taj Mahal and Moti
Masjid, 304 ; the Great Mosque and
Imperial Palace at Delhi, 304 ; rebel-
lion of Prince Aurangzeb, and deposi-
INDEX.
155
tion of Shah Jahan, 305 ; Provinces
and revenues under Shah Jahan, 305 ;
Aurangzeb Emperor (1658-1707), 306-
312; murder of his brothers, 307;
conquests in Southern India, rise of
the Maralhas, 307, 30S ; Aurangzeb's
twenty years' Maratha war, his despair
and death, 308, 309 ; Aurangzeb's
oppression of Hindus, Rajput revolts,
309, 310; Aurangzeb's Provinces and
revenues, 310, 311 ; character of Aur-
angzeb, 312 ; six puppet successors of
Aurangzeb, 313 ; decline and fall of the
Mughal Empire (1707-1858), 312, 313 ;
independence of the Deccan, Oudh,
and Rajput States, 314; invasions of
Nadir Shah the Persian, and Ahmad
Shah the Afghan (1739-61), 314, 315 ;
last battle of Panipat (1761) and fall of
the Mughal Empire, 315, 316.
Chap. XII. The Mardthd Poiver
(1634 to 1818 A.D.). — India won, not
from the Mughals, but from the Hindus,
317 ; rise of the Marathas, Shahji
Bhonsla (1634), 317 ; the Hindu party
in Southern India, 317, 318; Sivaji
the Great (1627-80), 318, 319; his
guerilla warfare with the Mughals, 319 ;
Sambhaji (16S0-S9), Sahu (1707), 319,
320 ; rise of the Peshvvas, Balaji Vis-
wanath, 320 ; growth of the Maratha
confederacy, 320 ; Maratha raids in the
Deccan, Bengal, and the Punjab,
chaiith, 320, 321 ; defeat of the
Marathas at Panipat (1761), 321 ; the
five great Maratha houses, decline of
the Peshwas, 321-323 ; British wars
with the Marathas (1779-81, 1803-04,
and 1817-18), 323, 324.
Chap. XIII. Tlie Indian Ve7-7ia-
ctdars and their LitcratiDX. — The
three stages in Indian history, 325,
326 ; the Dravidian route through
India, 327 ; the Dravidian language,
its place in philology, 327, 328 ; pre-
Aryan Dravidian civilisation, 328 ;
Brahmanic influence on the Dravidians,
329 ; Dravidian dialects, Tamil, 330-
333 ; Aryan languages of Northern
India, Sanskrit, 334, 335 ; the Prakrits
or ancient Aryan vernaculars, 336-338 ;
the modern vernaculars evolved Irom
the ancient Prakrits, 338 ; Sanskrit,
Prakrit, and non-Aryan elements in
modern vernaculars, 339-342 ; the seven
modern vernaculars, 342-344 ; the
modern vernaculars, their literature
and authors, 343-35S ; Hindi, its his-
torical development and chief authors,
345, 346 ; Marathi, its historical de-
velopment and chief authors, 346 ;
Bengali, its historical development,
literature, and chief authors, 346-354.
Chap. XIV. Early Em-opean Settle-
metits (1498 to 1 8th Century A.D. ). —
Vasco da Gama's expedition (1498),
356-358 ; Portuguese voyages and sup-
remacy in the East, Albuquerque and
his successors, 357-360; downfall of
the Portuguese, their possessions in
1881, 361 ; the Dutch in India (1602-
1824), 361, 362 ; their brilliant pro-
gress, but short-sighted policy, 362 ;
fall of the Dutch power, Dutch relics
in India, 362, 363 ; early English
adventurers (1496-1596), 363, 364;
English East India Companies, 364,
365; early English voyages (1602-11),
365, 366; naval fights with the Portu-
guese, Swally (1615), 366, 367; wars
with the Dutch, massacre of Amboyna,
367, 368 ; early English factories —
Surat, Masulipatam, Hugh, 368, 369 ;
Madras founded (1639), Bombay ceded
(1661), 369, 370; Calcutta founded
(16S6), 371 ; other European East
Indian Companies, 37 1 -377-
Chap. XV. History of British Rule.
(1757 to 1885). —First British territorial
possessions, 378 ; French and English
wars in the Karnatik, Dupleix, Clive,
378-3S0 ; the English in Bengal (1634-
96), 380 ; native rulers of Bengal (1707-
56), the 'Black Hole' tragedy, 380,
381 ; battle of Plassey (1757), and its
results, 381-3S3 ; Clive, first Governor
of Bengal (175S), list of governors and
viceroys, 384 ; Clive's wars in Oudh,
Madras, and Bengal, 385 ; massacre of
Patna, first Sepoy Mutiny, battle of
Baxar, 386 ; the grant of the ' Diivdni'
(1765), 387 ; Clive's reorganization of
the Company's service (1766), 387.
Administration of Warren Hastings
(1772-85), 387-392; abolition of the dual
system of administration (1772), 388;
Hastings' policy towards Native powers,
388-390 ; Rohilla, Maratha, and My-
sore wars, 390-392 ; charges against
Hastings, his poor excuse, 391. Lord
Cornwallis (1786-93), the permanent
settlement, 392, 393 ; second Mysore
war, 394. Marquis of Wellesley (1798-
1805), his work in India, 394 - 398 ;
treaty with the Nizam, and extinction
of French influence, 395, 396 ; third
Mysore war, and fall of Seringapatam
(1799)1 396) 397 j second Maratha war
(1802-05), and extension of British
territory, 397, 398. Sir George Barlow
(1805), the Vellore Sepoy Mutiny, 399;
Earl of Minto (1807-13), embassies to
Persia and Afghanistan, 399, 400.
Marquis of Hastings (1814-23), 400-
402 ; the Nepal, Pindari, and last
Maratha wars, 40 1 , 402. Lord Amherst
iS6
INDEX.
(1823-28), 403, 404 ; first Burmese war,
capture of Bhartpur, 404. Lord William
Bentinck (1828-35), 404-406; his finan-
cial reforms, sati and thagi suppressed,
404, 405 ; renewal of Charter, Mysore
protected, Coorg annexed, 405, 406.
Lord Metcalfe (1835-36), liberty of the
Press, 406. Lord Auckland (1S36-42),
406-408; the first Afghan war (1839-
41), its disastrous termination, 408.
Lord EUenborough (1842-44), 408,
410 ; the army of retribution, ' Gates
of Somnath,' 408, 409 ; Sind war, and
Gwalior outbreak, 409, 410. Lord
Hardinge (1S44-4S), the first Sikh war,
410,411. Earl of Dalhousie (1848-56),
411-417 ; second Sikh war, and an-
nexation of the Punjab, 412, 413 ;
second Burmese war, and annexation
of Pegu, 413, 414 ; Dalhousie's policy
towards Native States, the doctrine of
Lapse, 414 ; Satara, Jhansi, Nagpur,
Berar, 415 ; annexation of Oudh, 415-
417; Lord Dalhousie's work, extensions
of territory, 417. Earl Canning (1856-
62), 417-424 ; the ^Mutiny of 1857-58,
417-422; downfall of the Company,
India transferred to the Crown, 422,
423 ; Queen's proclamation of Novem-
ber 1st, 1858, 423, 424 ; financial and
legal reforms, 424. Lord Elgin (1862),
Lord Lawrence (1864-69), 424, 425.
Lord Mayo (1869-72), Ambala Darbdr,
Duke of Edinburgh's visit, 425; financial
reforms, abolition of inland customs
lines, 425. Lord Northbrook (1872-
76), visit of Prince of Wales, 425, 426.
Lord Lytton (1876-80), proclamation of
the Queen as Empress, 426, 427 ;
famine of 1877-78, second Afghan war,
426, 427. Marquis of Ripon (1880-84),
end of the Afghan war, 427 ; rendition
of Mysore, legal and revenue reforms,
427-429; Education Commission, aboli-
tion of import duties, 429 ; Bengal Ten-
ancy Bill, 429. Earl of Dufferin (1884),
430; annexation of Upper Burma, 430.
Chap. XVL Bfitish Administration
of India. — Control of India in England,
431 ; under the Company and under
the Crown, 431 ; the Secretar)^ of
State, the Viceroy, 431 ; the Executive
and Legislative Councils, 432, 433 ;
High Courts, the law of India, 433,
434 ; Provincial administration in dif-
ferent Provinces, 434, 435 ; ' Regula-
tion ' and ' Non-Regulation ' Districts,
435 ; the District officers, their duties,
435> 436 ; Districts and Sub-Districts
of India, 436, 437 ; the Secretariats —
Imperial and Provincial, 437, 438 ;
the land-tax, 438-441 ; ancient land
. system under Hindus and Musalmans,
43S, 439 ; land system under the Com-
pany, the zaminddr, 439 ; landed pro-
perty in India, growth of private
rights, 439, 440 ; rates of land-tax,
Government share of the crop, 440,
441 ; the land settlement, ' survey and
settlement,' 441 ; permanent settlement
of Bengal, 441-443; Land Law of
1859, Rent Commission of 1880, 443,
/\\\ ; temporary settlements, in Orissa,
in Assam, 445 ; rdyatwdii settlement
in Madras, Sir Thomas IVIunro, 445,
446 ; permanent settlement in Madras,
sub-tenures, 446, 447 ; extension of
tillage in Madras, reduction of average
land-tax, 447, 448 ; land system of
Bombay, the ' Survey ' tenure, 448,
449 ; the Deccan cultivator. Agricul-
turists' Relief Acts (1879 and 1881),
449, 450; land system in N.-W. Pro-
vinces and Punjab, 451 ; in Oudh and
the Central Provinces, 451, 452; land
revenue of British India, 452 ; the salt-
tax, systems of manufacture, 453, 454 ;
Excise — distilleries and breweries,
454> 455 ; opium, gdnjd, charas, 455 ;
municipal administration, the old pa7i-
chdyat, 455-457 ; finance and taxation
of British India, 457-470; obscurities
in Indian accounts, 458 ; taxation
under the ]\Iughals and the British
compared, 459-463 ; hea^y taxation in
Native States, 464 ; incidence of taxa-
tion in British India, 464, 465 ; balance-
sheet of British India, 465-468 ; analy-
sis of Indian revenues, 465 ; 467, 468 ;
Indian expenditure — army, public
debt, famine relief, 468, 469; ex-
change, public works, railways, irriga-
tion, 469, 470 ; imperial and muni-
cipal finance, 470 ; the army of India,
its constitution, 4.70, 471 ; police and
jails, 472 ; education, 472-479 ; educa-
tion in ancient India, Sanskrit tols
and village schools, 472, 473; early
English efforts, the Calcutta JMadrasa
and other colleges, 473 ; mission
schools, 473 ; State system of educa-
tion in India, 473, 474; Education
Commission of 1882-83, 474 ; educa-
tion statistics, 1878 to 1883, 474,
475 ; Indian universities, colleges, and
schools, 475-477; primary schools,
girls' schools, normal and other special
schools, 477-479 ; the vernacular press,
newspapers and books, 480, 481.
Chap. XVII. Agriculture and Pro-
ducts. — Agriculture almost the sole
occupation of the people, 482, _ 483 ;
various systems of agriculture, irriga-
tion, manure, 483 ; rice in the different
Provinces, area, out-turn, 484 - 4S6 ;
wheat, millet, pulses, oil-seeds, vege-
INDEX.
157
tables, 486-490 ; fruits, spices, palms,
sugar, 490, 491 ; cotton cultivation in
different Provinces, exports, 491-494;
jute cultivation and preparation, ex-
ports, 494, 495 ; indigo cultivation in
different Provinces, 495, 496 ; exports
of indigo, system of planting, 497,
498 ; opium cultivation and manufac-
ture, 498, 499 ; tobacco cultivation,
trade and method of curing, 499, 500 ;
table of crop statistics, acreage, 501 ;
coffee, its introduction into India,
and growth, 502 - 504 ; tea in
India, its histor)' and statistics, 504-
507 ; processes of tea cultivation and
manufacture, 508, 509 ; cinchona cul-
tivation and manufacture, statistics of,
509-511 ; the Company's silk factories,
511, 512; silk area of Bengal, silk
statistics, 512, 513; jungle silk, lac,
lac-dye, 513-515; model farms, the
problem of improved husbandrj^ 515-
517 ; the impediments to better hus-
bandry, 517-519; agricultural stock of
India, 519-523 ; breeds of cattle, horse
fairs, studs, wild elephants, 520-522 ;
the forest department, 522 ; 524-528 ;
wanton destruction of forests, Indian
timber trees, 522 ; 524 - 526 ; forest
conservancy, its results, 526, 527 ;
nomadic tillage, its destructiveness,
527, 528 ; irrigation, its function in
India, 528, 529 ; irrigated area in Sind,
Bombay, Punjab, 529 - 532 ; in the
N. - W. Provinces, Oudh, Bengal,
Orissa, 532-535 ; in INIadras, Mysore,
Central Provinces, 535-537 ; statistics
of cultivation and irrigation, 53S ;
famines, their causes, drought, flood,
blight, war, 539, 540 ; necessity for
husbanding and utilizing the water-
supply, 540, 541 ; history of previous
famines (1769 to 1876), 541, 542; the
famine of 1876-78, its area, 542, 543 ;
remedial efforts, mortality, expendi-
ture, 542-544 ; famine, a weak check
on population, 544-
Chap. XVIII. Means of Communi-
cation. — Indian railway system. Lord
Dalhousie's trunk lines, 545 ; Lord
Mayo's branch lines, 545 ; the four
classes of Indian lines of railway, 546 ;
' Guaranteed ' railways, 546, 547 ;
' State railways,' 547, 548 ; ' Assisted '
and Native State railways, 548, 549 ;
railway statistics, 549, 550 ; roads, old
military routes, 550 ; the Grand Trunk
Road, Bombay inland route, 550 ; ex-
tension of roads, bridges of boats, 551 ;
navigable rivers, 551, 552; navigable
canals, Malabar back-waters, etc., 553,
554-
Chap. XIX. Co??i?>ieire and Trade.
— Ancient, mediaeval, and modern
trade of India, 555, 556 ; large sea-
borne trade impossible under the
Mughals, 556 ; growth of trading
and industrial cities under British rule,
556-558; rise of Calcutta and Bombay,
557 ; summary of Indian exports (1700-
1885), 558; India's balance of trade
and yearly savings, 558, 559 ; fourfold
division of modern Indian trade, 559 ;
the sea-borne trade of India, 559, 560 ;
early Portuguese trade (1500-1600),
560; Dutch monopoly (1600), 560;
English factories and trade (1600-
1700), 560, 561 ; growth of trade,
quinquennial table of foreign trade,
561, 562 ; Indian foreign trade statis-
tics, imports and exports, 563-581;
imports, cotton goods, treasure, 565,
566 ; 568, 569 ; exports, raw cotton,
jute, rice, wheat, 569-572 ; exports,
oil-seeds, indigo and dyes, tea, coffee,
573 ■ 575 5 export of cotton and jute
manufactures, 575, 576 ; countries with
which India trades — England, 577;
China, Straits, Ceylon, Mauritius,
France, Italy, 577, 578 ; United
States, Australia, 578 ; distribution of
foreign trade of India, 579, 580 ;
effects of the Suez Canal on Indian
trade, 581 ; Sir R. Temple on the
balance of India's foreign trade, 581-
583 ; coasting trade of India, shipping
statistics, 584-586 ; frontier trade with
Afghanistan and Central Asia, 586,
587 ; the Himalayan trade routes —
Nepal, Tibet, 587, 588; trade with
Bhutan and the North-Eastern Fron-
tier, 588 ; trade with Independent
Burma and Siam, 588, 589 ; tables of
Trans-Frontier landward trade, 589,
590 ; internal trade, trading castes,
591, 592; local trade, the village
money - lender, 592 ; religious fairs,
village markets, 593 ; internal trade a
safeguard against famine, 593, 594 ;
statistics of internal trade in certain
Provinces, 594, 595 ; growth of large
marts, local trading centres, 595-597.
Chap. XX. Arts and Manufactures.
— Manufactures of India, art-work, 598;
competition with the English artisan,
598 ; native industries, village crafts,
599 ; cotton weaving, its decline, 599,
600 ; but still a domestic industry
throughout India, 600, 601 ; special
fabrics, muslins, chintzes, saris, 601,
602 ; silk-weaving, classes of silk fabrics,
602, 603 ; steam silk factories, 603 ;
embroidery, Kashmir shawls, leather
work, 603 ; carpets and rugs, processes
of manufacture, 604, 605 ; goldsmiths
and jewellers' work, precious stones,
158
INDEX.
605, 606 ; iron-work, cutlery, chain
armour, damascening, 606, 607 ; brass
and copper work, bidarl ware, 607,
608 ; Indian pottery and sculpture, 608,
609 ; wood - carving, inlaying, ivory-
carving, 609 ; European industries,
steam cotton-mills, 610 -612 ; their
manufactures, competition with Man-
chester, 611, 612; statistics of Bombay
cotton-mills, their future prospects, 610,
611; 613; jute mills, manufacture of
gunny, 614,615 ; exportsof jute, Indian
consumption, growth of the trade, 615,
616; brewing, paper-making, leather,
etc., 616, 617.
Chap. XXI. Mines and Minerals . —
Indian iron, native system of working,
618 ; failure of early English efforts,
618, 619 ; difficulties of iron-smelting
in India, 619 ; Indian coal, its inferior
quality, 619 ; history of Bengal coal-
mining, 619-621 ; the four great coal-
fields, future of Indian coal, 622 ; salt
manufacture, the Punjab Salt Range,
622, 623 ; saltpetre, manufacture and
export of, 623, 624 ; gold and gold-
mining, the Wainad quartz reefs, 624,
625 ; copper, lead, tin, antimony, co-
balt, 625, 626 ; petroleum and mineral
oils, 626, 627 ; stone, lime, kankar,
marble, slate, 627, 628 ; diamonds,
cornelians, pearl fisheries, 628, 629.
Chap. XXII. Geology. — Q>^o\o^',
the Himalayan region, 631, 632 ; the
Lower Himalayas, Siwaliks, Salt Range,
632, 633 ; Indo - Gangetic plain, its
geological age and history, 633, 634 ;
Peninsular India, Vindhyan rocks, 634,
635 ; Gondwana, Panchet, Talcher,
and Damodar series, 635, 636 ; the
Raniganj coal seams, 637 ; Deccan trap,
laterite, 638, 639 ; geology of Burma,
639, 640.
Chap. XXIII. Meteorology.— ^\&-
teorological geography, the Eastern and
Western Himalayas, 641, 642 ; air-
currents, vapour-bearing winds, 642 ;
Punjab frontier, Indus plain, the great
Indiandesert, 642, 643 ; Gangetic plain,
Eastern Bengal, Assam, 643, 644 ;
central table-land, Satpura range, 644 ;
Malwa plateau, Aravalli range, 644 ;
southern plateau, Anamalai Hills, coast
strip, 644, 645 ; Ceylon and Bumia,
646, 647 ; observatory stations, 646,
647 ; temperature, atmospheric pres-
sure, wind, humidity, etc., 647, 648;
rainfall returns, 649, 650 ; sun-spot
cycles, 650, 651.
Chap. XXIV. Zoology and Botany. —
Mammals of India — lion, tiger, leopard,
652, 653 ; wolf, fox, jackal, dog, hygena,
654i 655 ; bear, elephant, rhinoceros,
wild hog, 655-657 ; sheep and goats,
antelopes, nilgai, deer, 657, 658 ;
bison and buffalo, 658 ; ornithology,
birds of prey and game birds, 659 ;
reptiles, loss of life from snake-bite, the
'cobra,' 660; fishes, insects, locusts,
661 ; Indian flora in various Provinces,
662-664.
Chap. XXV. Vital Statisties.—
Sources of health returns, their un-
trustworthiness, 665, 666 ; death-rate
in India ; average duration of life, 666,
667 ; vital statistics in different Pro-
vinces, 667-675 ; tables of birth and
death rate, 676-679 ; health of the
European army, causes of mortality,
675, 680-682 ; health of the native
army, causes of mortality, 682 - 684 ;
health statistics of the jail population,
6S4, 685.
Appendices. — I. Area, towns and
villages, houses, population, etc., of
British India in 1881, 689; II. towTis
and villages of British India, classified
according to population, 690 ; III. cul-
tivated, cultivable, and uncultivable
area, land revenue, etc., in Provinces
for which returns exist, 691 ; IV. popu-
lation of British India, classified accord-
ing to sex and age, 692 ; V. population
of British India, classified according to
religion, 693 ; VI. Asiatic non-Indian .
population of British India, classified l|
according to birthplace, 694 ; VII.
non- Asiatic population of British India,
classified according to birthplace, 695 ;
VIII. list of 149 towns in British India,
of which the population exceeds 20,000,
296, 297 ; IX. population of British
India, classified according to education,
69S-702 ; X. population of British India,
classified according to caste, sect, and
nationality, 703.
India on the eve of the Mughal conquest
(1526), article ' India,' vi. 290.
India, origin of the name, vi. I -3.
Indian Caste, by Dr. J. Wilson, quoted,
article ' India,' vi. 194 (footnote i) ;
195 (footnote 2) ; 196 (footnote i)._
Indian products mentioned in the i3ible,
article ' India,' vi. 163.
Indian Society as described by Megas-
thenes (300 B.C.), article 'India,' vi.
168, 169.
Indian vernaculars and their literature,
article 'India,'vi. chap. xiii. pp. 325-355.
Asiatic civilisation of India as found by
the early European powers, 325, 326 ;
India in the ist and the i6th centuries
A.D., 326, 327 ; the Dravidians or non-
Aryans, their language and its place
INDEX.
159
in philology, 326-328 ; the Dravidians
in Sanskrit literature, 328 ; pre-Arj-an
Dravidian civilisation, 328 ; Brahmanic
influence on the Dravidians, 329, 330 ;
development of Dravidian speech into
vernacular literatures, 330 ; the Tamil
dialect, 330, 331; Jain cycle of Tamil
literature, 331 ; the Tamil Ramayana,
33 1) 332 ; Sivaite and Vishnuite Tamil
hymnolog>', 332, 333 ; modern Tamil
writers, 333 ; Beschi, the Jesuit Tamil
scholar, 333 ; recent statistics of Tamil
literature, 333 ; Ar>'an languages of
North India, Sanskrit, 334, 335 ; e\-i-
dence as to whether Sanskrit was ever
a spoken language, 334-336 ;_ Panini
and Vararuchi, ancient Sanskrit gram-
marians, 336 ; the Prakrits or ancient
spoken dialects of India, their diver-
gence from Sanskrit, 336 ; routes of
Prakrit speech, 337 ; Prakrits developed
by Buddhists for their Scriptures, 338 ;
evolution of modern vernaculars from
Prakrits, 338, 339 ; their Prakrit frame-
work and Sanskrit enrichments, 339 ;
non-Aryan element in the vernaculars,
proportion of non-Aryan words, 340,
341 ; the fourfold composition of the
vernaculars, namely, the Prakrit and
aboriginal elements, Sanskrit borrow-
ings and Persian terms, 342 ; the seven
vernaculars of India, 342, 343 ; verna-
cular literature and vernacular writers,
343) 344 > Rajputana poetical litera-
ture, 344 ; Hindi authors from the 12th
to the 19th centuries, 345, 346; Marathi
literature and authors, 346 ; Bengali
literature, its three periods, 343-348 ;
Bengali religious poetr}% 349-351 ; Ben-
gali poets from the i6th to the i8th
centuries, 349-352 ; the court of Nadiya,
the chief seat of learning in Bengal in
the last centur)-, 352 ; Bengah prose
literature in the 19th century, 354;
the Bengali drama, 354.
Indigo, Cultivation of, in different localities,
article ' India,' vi. 495, 496 ; systems of
indigo planting and out-turn in Bengal
and Behar, vi. 497 ; export of, vi. 497 ;
574. Local notices — Cultivated in Agra,
i. 64; Aligarh, i. 173; Allahabad, i. 189;
North Arcot, i. 316; South Arcot,
i. 323 ; Atmakiir, i. 379 ; Azamgarh,
i. 398; Badvel, i. 412; Bahawalpur,
i. 422 ; Baluchistan, ii. 36 ; Banagana-
palli, ii. 43 ; Bankura, ii. 83 ; Bard-
wan, ii. 130 ; Benares, ii. 258 ; Bengal,
ii. 271, 303, 304; Bhagalpur, ii. 349;
Bombay, iii. 53; Budaun, iii. 120;
Bulandshahr, iii. 137; Bundi, iii. 159;
Upper Burma, iii. 210; Cambay, iii.
271 ; Cawnpur, iii. 285, 2S6 ; Cham-
paran, iii. 341 ; Chengalpat, iii. 386 ;
Cochin, iv. 5 ; Cuddapah, iv. 52, 55 ;
Darbhangah, iv. 125 ; Dera Ghazi
Khan, iv. 214 ; Etah, iv. 362 ; Etawah,
iv. 374 ; Jaizabad, iv. 384 ; Faridpur,
iv. 403 ; Farukhabad, iv. 413 ; Garo
Hills, V. 31 ; Gaya, v. 49 ; Godavari,
V. 127, 128; Gwalior, V. 228; Haidar-
abad, v. 245 ; Haidarabad (Sind),
V. 280 ; Hardoi, v. 326 ; Howrah,
v. 463 ; Hiigli, V. 494 ; Jaunpur, vii.
156; Jessor, vii. 187, 188; Karnul,
viii. 37 ; Karwaitnagar, viii. 52 ; Kathia-
war, viii. 96 ; Khairpur, viii. 133, 136 ;
Kistna, %-iii. 230 ; Kyauk-pyu, viii.
387 ; Larkhana, viii. 463 ; i\Iadras, ix.
29, 31; Tklahul, ix. 186; Mainpuri,
ix. 208 ; Maldah, ix. 244 ; Meerut, ix.
387 ; Mehar, ix. 397 ; ]Midnapur, ix.
429 ; Monghyr, ix. 485 ; Multan, x. 7 ;
INIurshidabad, x. 26, 29 ; jMuzaffargarh,
X. 61 ; Muzaffamagar, x. 72 ; IMuzaf-
farpur, x. 81 ; Nadiya, x. 135, 136 ;
Nellore, x. 266; N.-W. Provinces, x.
375; Oudh, x. 501; Pabna, x. 515;
Partabgarh, xi. 71 ; Purniah, xi. 327 ;
Rajshahi, xi. 433 ; Ramri, xi. 463 ;
Rangpur, xi. 496 ; Saharanpur, xii.
120; Salem, xii. 166; Santal Par-
ganas, xii. 232; Saran, xii. 251,
255 ; Shahabad, xii. 329 ; Shujabad,
xii. 426 ; Sibsagar, xii. 466 ; Sind, xii.
520 ; Trichinopoli, xiii. 360 ; Unao,
xiii. 432 ; Vizagapatam, xiii. 492 ;
Vontimetta, xiii. 503.
Indigo factories, in Agra, i. 65 ; Aligarh,
i. 175 ; South Arcot, i. 326 ; Atur, i. 383 ;
Azamgarh, i. 399 ; Bara, ii. 105 ; Basant-
pur, ii. 182; Behar, ii. 224; Belsand
Kalan,ii.252; Bengal, ii. 303, 304; Bhag-
alpur, ii. 350; Bilsi, ii. 459; Birbhum,
iii. 9; Cambay, iii. 272 ; Cawnpur, iii.
286 ; Champaran, iii. 341, 343 ; Chen-
galpat, iii. 387 ; Cuddalore, iv. 46 ;
Cuddapah, iv. 53 ; Darbhangah, iv.
125 ; Dasna, iv. 154; Dehri, iv. 177;
Etah, iv. 364 ; Faridpur, iv. 405 ;
Farakhabad, iv. 415 ; Gahmar, iv. 460;
Arwal in Gaya, v. 48, 49 ; Godavari,
V. 129 ; Jami, vii. 126 ; Jaunpur, vii.
157; Jessor, vii. 187, 188; Kantai,
vii. 437 ; Karnul, viii. 41 ; Kudarkot,
viii. 329 ; Ramri in Kyauk-pyu, viii.
3S8 ; Lehra, viii. 469 ; Madhepur, viii.
541 ; in Madras Presidency, ix. 53 ;
Mahatwar, ix. 170; Maimansingh, ix.
198; Mainpuri, ix. 220; Maldah, ix.
246 ; Mandrak, ix. 309 ; ISIeerut, ix.
389 ; Midnapur, ix. 430, 434 ; Monghyr,
ix. 487 ; INIotihari, ix. 521 ; Multan,
X. 7, 8 ; Murshidabad, x. 28 ; Muzaf-
farpur, x. 81 ; Nadiya, x. 137 ; Nagas-
tasti, X. 157; Najafgarh, x. 178; Nel-
lore, X. 269 ; N.-W. Provinces, x. 396 ;
I 60
INDEX.
Oudh, X. 507; Pabna, x. 517, 520;
Pandaul, xi. 35 ; Pharha, xi. 166 ;
Pirpainti, xi. 187 ; Pullampet, xi. 241 ;
Purniah, xi. 328 ; Rajshahi, xi. 435 ;
Rayachoti, xii. 39 ; Santal Parganas,
xii. 234 ; Saran, xii. 257 ; Sarya, xii.
272, 273 ; Sasni, xii. 273 ; Siyana, xiii.
45 ; Ujhani, xiii. 416, 417 ; Umargarli,
xiii. 419; Bangarmau in Unao, xiii.
432, 434-
Indische Allcrthiimskiinde, by Lassen,
quoted, article ' India,' vi. 161 (foot-
note i); 191 (footnote 2); 340 (foot-
note 2).
Indo - Aryan stock, its European and
Eastern branches, article ' India,' vi.
75, 76; their march towards and into
India, religion, etc., article 'India,'
vi. 76-78.
Indo-Bactrian dynasties in the Punjab,
xi. 260 ; their coins found at Buland-
shahr, iii. 141 ; Hazara, v. 360; Jalal-
pur, vii. 81 ; Multan, x. 4; Sonpat,
xiii. 62.
Indo-Gangetic plain. Geology of, article
' India,' vi. 633, 634 ; meteorology of,
vi. 643, 644.
Indo-Greek treaties (306 and 256 B.C.),
article 'India,' vi. 167, 170.
Indo-Scythian kings probably conquered
all Kathiawar, viii. 90 ; their coins
found at Asarur, i. 337 ; Dipalpur, iv.
304; Gujrat, v. 189; Along, ix. 478;
Sewan, xii. 332 ; Shorkot, xii. 424.
Indore, Native State in Central India,
vii. 1-8; physical aspects, 2; popula-
tion, 3 ; railways, 4, 5 ; industries, 4, 5 5
history, 5'7 '■> administration, 7> ^ 5
climate, 8.
Indore, capital of State in Central India,
vii. 8-10.
Indore Agency, vii. 10.
Indori, hill torrent in Punjab, vii. 10.
Indra, the Vedic God of Rain, article
' India,' vi. 80, 81 ; influence of the
rainy season on Aryan mythology, 80 ;
displaced by the modern Brahmanical
Triad, 81.
Indus, great river of Northern India and
Sind, vii. 10-17 ? article ' India,' vi. 11-
13; its upper waters, II; its feeder
the Sutlej, 11, 12; its inundations, 11 ;
lower course, 12 ; irrigation facilities,
13; 529; silt deposits, 13; steam
flotilla recently broken up by opening
of the railway system, 552.
Infanticide, Notices of, in Bahraich, i.
430 ; Bara Banki, ii. 1 14 ; Bulandshahr,
iii. 135; Cutch, iv. 61-63; Edar, iv.
339 ; Etawah, iv. 373 ; Gonda, v. 154 ;
Hamirpur, v. 301 ; tiardoi, v. 324 ;
among the Karens, viii. 4 ; Mainpuri,
ix. 207, 208 ; Meerut, ix. 385 ; among
the Meos, ix. 420 ; Moradabad, ix.
507 ; Muzaffarnagar, x. 70 ; Nawana-
gar, X. 253; Saharanpur, xii. 118;
Shahjahanpur, xii. 347.
Inglis, Sir W. defended the Residency at
Lucknow (1857), viii. 513, 514.
Inhanna, town and pargand in Oudh,
vii. 17.
Injaram, town in Madras, vii. 17, 18.
Inlaying work, article ' India,' vi. 609.
See Enamelling.
Inquisition established by the Portuguese
at Goa (1560), article 'India,' vi. 241,
253 ; autos da fe, vi. 254 ; abolished
(1 81 2), vi. 254.
Inscribed pillars of Asoka, article ' India,'
vi. 145, 146. See Asoka.
Insects, Indian, article ' India,' vi. 662 ;
Madras Presidency, vi. 99-101.
Insects, Ravages of, in Banda, ii. 52 ;
Broach, iii. 108 ; Etah, iv. 363 ; Naga
Hills, X. 152; Noakhali, x. 349;
Salem, xii. 162 ; Saran, xii. 256. See
also Locusts.
Insein, town in Lower Burma, vii. 18.
Institutions, political and legal, of the
Afghans, i. 46 ; of the Arakan Hill
tribes, i. 301 ; of the Ahams in Assam,
i- 342, 343 ; in Baluchistan, ii. 39 ; in
Bhutan, ii. 412 ; in Coorg, iv. 35 ; of
the Daphlas, iv. 119; in Hill Tipperah,
V- 397, 398 ; of the Kandhs, vii. 401,
402; of the Khasis, viii. 175 ; of the
Kols, viii. 254-256 ; of the Lushais,
viii. 530 ; in Alanipur, ix. 329, 330 ;
of the Miris, ix. 445, 446 ; of the
Angami Nagas, x. 149 ; of the Kukis,
X. 150; of the Santals, xii. 240.
Institutions, local societies, etc., the
Hemabhai at Ahmadabad, i. 97 ;
Aligarh, i. 175, 176; Allahabad, i.
192 ; Benares, ii. 267 ; in Bombay,
iii. 71, 72 ; Dacca, iv. 87 ; Delhi, iv,
196; the Suhrid Sabha at Faridpur,
iv. 405 ; the Vasco da Gama at Goa,
V. 96 ; Gonda, v. 156 ; Mechanics at
Hovvrah, v. 465; Jamalpur, v. 1 19;
the Roberts at Lahore, viii. 418 ;
Madras, ix. 118; the Frere at Maha-
baleshwar, ix. 143 ; the Martin at
Peshawar, xi. 160; Rangoon, xi. 484 ;
Salem, xii. 160. See also Libraries,
and Reading-rooms and Museums.
Interest, Rates of, in different Districts,
Ahmadabad, i. 92 ; Ahmadnagar, i.
105; North Arcot, i. 317; South
Arcot, i. 325 ; Azamgarh, i. 398 ;
Bengal, ii. 302 ; Bogra, iii. 29 ; Coim-
batore, iv. 19 ; Farukhabad, iv. 414;
Firozpur, iv. 443 ; Goa, iv. 95 ; Berar,
v. 269 ; Kaira, vii. 306 ; North
Kanara, vii. 373 ; Khandesh, viii. 157 j
Kolaba, viii. 269 ; Nasik, x. 234 ;
INDEX.
i6i
Poona, xi. 208 ; Tanjore, xiii. 192 ;
Thana, xiii. 257.
Internal and local trade of India, article
'India,' vi, 591-596; village money-
lenders, travelling brokers, and religi-
ous fairs, 592, 593 ; internal trade,
the safeguard against famine, 593 ;
normal action of internal trade, 594 ;
Provincial statistics of internal trade,
594, 595 ; trade statistics of a large
town, village mart, and annual fair,
594-596.
Introduction to the Malto Lajtguagc, by
the Rev. E. Droese, quoted, article
'India,' vi. 327 (footnote i).
In-tu, the Buddhist etymology of the
word ' India,' vi. 2.
Inundations. See Floods.
Invaliding, Causes of, in the European
army, article ' India, vi. 681.
In-yeh, town in Lower Burma, vii. 18.
In-yeh-gyi, lake in Lower Burma, vii. 18.
Ipecacuanha, cultivated in Darjiling, iv,
137 ; IMalabar, ix. 229 ; Mysore, x.
103 ; Utakamand, xiii. 451.
Irak, river in Bombay, vii. 18, 19.
Irawadi, river in Burma, vii. 19-23.
Irich, historic town in N.-W. Provinces,
vii. 23, 24.
Irodu. See Erode.
Iron, found in Afghanistan, i. 36 ; Tara-
garh Hill in Ajmere-Merwara, i. I18 ;
Akrani, i. 14S ; Alwar, i. 203 ; Amba-
garh Chauki, i. 212 ; Anantapur, i.
274 ; Angul, i. 290 ; North Arcot, i.
312 ; South Arcot, i. 327 ; Assam, i.
347, 348 ; Atur, i. 382 ; Baba TBiidan,
i. 403 ; Bagh, i. 414 ; Balaghat, i.
454 ; Baluchistan, ii. 36 ; Bamra, ii.
41 ; Banda, ii. 46, 47, 53 ; Bangalore,
ii. 59 ; Bankura, ii. 79 ; Bardwan
ii. 127; Barul, ii. 177, 178; Basim,
ii. 183 ; Bastar, ii. 205-207 ; Bellary,
ii. 241 ; Bengal, ii. 271, 274, 275 ;
'Beypur, ii. 335 ; Bhagalpur, ii. 345;
Bhandara, ii. 361 ; Bijeraghogarh, ii.
426; Bilaspur, ii. 451; Bir, ii. 462;
Birbhum, iii. 2, 9, 10 ; Teagar (Bom-
bay), iii. 44 ; Bonai, iii. 85, 87 ; Boras-
ambar, iii. 89 ; Bundelkhand, iii. 152 ;
Jaipur (Assam), iii. 166; Lower Burma,
iii. 201 ; Central India, iii. 295 ; Central
Provinces, iii. 300 ; Chamba, iii. 329 ;
Chanda, iii. 349 ; Chhatarpur, iii.
396 ; Chitaldrug, iii. 423 ; Chittur, iii.
454 ; Chope, iii. 456 ; Cochin, iv. 2 ;
Coimbatore, iv. 15; Coorg, iv, 32;
Cuddapah, iv. 48 ; Cutch, iv. 60 ;
Cuttack, iv. 72 ; Darjiling, iv. 130,
138 ; Deocha, iv. 199 ; Dera Ghazi
Khan, iv. 209 ; Dewalgaon, iv. 235 ;
Dhar, iv. 246 ; Dharwar, iv. 258 ;
Dhenkanal, iv. 269 ; Dindigal, iv.
VOL. XIV.
301 ; Dungarpur, iv. 322 ; Ganjam,
v. 2 ; Garhwal, v. 22 ; Godavari, v.
123 ; Goona, v. 159 ; Gujainli, v. 178 ;
Gurgaon, v. 216; Gwalior, v. 228;
Haidarabad, v. 241 ; Berar, v. 260 ;
Hassan, v. 346 ; Hazaribagh, v. 378 ;
Heggadadevankot, v. 382 ; the Hima-
laya Mountains, v. 412 ; Hosur, v.
460 ; Inchalkaranji, v. 509 ; Jabalpur,
vii. 34 ; Jashpur, vii. 145 ; Jehlam,
vii. 167 ; Jhabua, vii. 194 ; Jhalawar,
vii. 199 ; Jhang, vii. 206 ; Kadur, vii.
283 ; Kaira, vii. 300 ; Kaladgi, vii.
315 ; Kalahasti, vii. 321 ; North
Kanara, vii. 369 ; South Kanara, vii.
376; Kangra, vii. 412; Kangundi,
vii. 431 ; Karauli, vii. 471 ; Karniil,
viii. 34 ; Kashmir, viii. 67 ; Bakharla
in Porbandar, viii. 96 ; Khandesh,
viii. 151 ; Ivhasi Hills, viii. 171 -173 ;
Kistna, viii. 226 ; Koldba, viii. 261 ;
Kolar, viii. 273 ; Kolhapur, viii. 281 ;
Korea, viii. 297 ; Kumaun, viii. 349 ;
Kyauk-pyu, viii. 386 ; Laira, viii.
423 ; Lakhimpur, viii. 427 ; Lalmai
Hills, viii. 458 ; Lohardaga, viii. 476 ;
Madras, ix. 5 ; Madura, ix. 121, 122 ;
]\Iakrai, ix. 215 ; Jat and Parda in
Western Malwa, ix. 268 ; Malwan, ix.
273 ; Mandi, ix. 298 ; Maikal Hills
in Mandla, ix. 305 ; Manipur, ix. 324 ;
Mao-san-rani, ix. 343 ; Mattod, ix.
366 ; Mergui, ix. 407 ; Monghyr, ix.
479, 480 ; Murshidabad, x. 22 ;
Mysore, x. 92, 106, 107, 114; Nar-
singhpur, x. 223 ; Narwar, x. 227 ;
Nawanagar, x. 253 ; Nellore, x. 262 ;
Nepal, X. 278 ; Nimar, x. 328 ; Nong-
krem, X. 353 ; Orissa Tributary States,
X. 471 ; Palmaner, xi. 15 ; Panagur,
xi. 24 ; Panna, xi. 50 ; Patna State,
xi. 116; Pawi Mulanda, xi. 123;
Bajaur, xi. 146 ; Phuljhar, xi. 16S ;
Polur, xi. 197 ; Porbandar, xi. 215 ;
Pudukattai, xi. 237 ; Raigarh, xi. 362 ;
Raipur, xi. 368 ; Rairakhol, xi. 378 ;
Rajputana, xi. 401 ; Rampur (C. P.);
xi. 460 ; Ramri, xi. 463 ; Sagar, xii.
lOl ; Salem, xii. 153 ; Sambalpur,
xii. 179; Sandur, xii. 207; Santal
Parganas, xii. 227 ; Sarangarh, xii.
260 ; Satara, xii. 276 ; Sawantwari,
xii. 296 ; Seoni, xii. 309 ; Shahpur,
xii. 361 ; Sheila, xii. 378 ; Shimoga,
xii. 400; Singhbhum, xii. 531; Sir-
niur, xii. 554 ; Sonpur, xiii. 63 ;
Talcher, xiii. 164 ; Tarikere, xiii.
213 ; Tavoy, xiii. 228 ; Tendukhera,
xiii. 241 ; Travancore, xiii. 345 ;
Trichinopoli, xiii. 355 ; Tumkur, xiii.
375 ; Udaipur (Rajputana), xiii. 401 ;
Udaipur (Bengal), xiii. 411, 412 ;
Vinukonda, xiii. 476 ; Wun, xiii. 538.
L
l62
INDEX.
Iron mining and smelting, difficulties of
Indian iron-works, article ' India, vi.
41, 619 ; indigenous methods of iron-
smelting, 61S ; failure of English efforts,
618, 619 ; Government efforts, 619.
Iron-smelting, Charikar in Afghanistan,
i. 34 ; Alwar, i. 205 ; Assam, i. 348 ;
Atiir, i. 3S3 ; Baba Budan Hills, i.
403 ; Balaghat, i. 456 ; Banda, ii. 53 ;
Bangalore, ii. 64 ; Bella Narayanpur,
ii. 239 ; Bellary, ii. 247 ; Bengal, ii.
275 ; Bi'r, ii. 462 ; Birbhum, iii. 9, 10 ;
Deulghat in I3uldana (steel), iii. 147 ;
Lower Burma, iii. 198 ; Central Pro-
vinces, iii. 19; Chanda, iii. 354; Chital-
drug, iii. 426 ; Cuttack, iv. 72 ;
Dewalgaon, iv. 235 ; Dharwar, iv.
264; Gujainli, v. 178; Gwalior
State, V. 228 ; Harnhalli, v. 341 ;
Hazaribagh, v. 37S ; Hiriyur, v. 423 ;
Hosdurga, v. 441 ; Jabalpur, vii. 34 ;
Kadur, vii. 287 ; Karanpura, vii. 468 ;
Karnul, viii. 41 ; Khasi Hills, viii.
171-178; Khyrim, viii. 215; Kistna,
viii. 226 ; Koratigiri, viii. 296 ; Korea,
viii. 297 ; Kumaun, viii. 356 ; ISIadras,
ix. 5 ; Madura, ix. 121 ; Mandla, ix.
305 ; Monghyr, ix. 487 ; Mysore, x.
106; Nahan, x. 175; Narsinghpur, x.
223 ; Nong-krem, x. ^ 353 ; Nong-
spung, X. 354; Palmaner, xi. 15;
Panagur, xi. 24 ; Rairakhol, xi. 378 ;
Rajputana, xi. 401 ; Rasipur, xi. 513;
Rurki, xii. 86, 122; Sagar, xii. loi-
106; Salem, xii. 163 ; Santal Parganas,
xii. 234 : Shahgarh, xii. 342 ; Shen-
damangalam, xii. 378 ; Singhbhiim, xii.
531; by the Singphos, xii. 542; in
Sirmur, xii. 554 ; Sorab, xiii. 65 ;
Tegur, xiii. 235, 236 ; Tendukhera,
xiii. 241 ; Thammapatti, xiii. 248 ;
Trichinopoli, xiii. 355 ; Watrap, xiii.
534 ; Wun, xiii. 544.
Iron ware, hardware, iron implements,
etc., manufactured at Ahmadabad, i.
87 ; Ardabak, i. 329 ; in Assam, i.
367 ; Aurungabad, i. 388 ; Punganiir
in South Arcot, i. 317 ; Badin, i. 409 ;
Bara Banki, ii. II3; Barot, ii. 173;
Beawar, ii. 222 ; Bhera, ii. 386 ;
Bhutan, ii. 414 ; Bihat, ii. 422 ;
Lower Burma, iii. 198 ; Chennapata,
iii. 368 ; Cochin, iv. 7 ; Dhampur, iv.
241 ; Dodderi, iv. 311 ; Ghotki, v. 75 ;
Gujrat (iron inlaid with gold), v. 177 ;
Gurgaon, v. 221 ; Haidarabad (Sind),
V. 282; Inchalkaranji, v. 510; Jag-
adhri, vii. 40; Kalabagh, vii. 314;
Kamalapuram, vii. 349 ; Kashmir,
viii. 74 ; Kashmor, viii. 79 ; Khairpur,
viii. 135; Kiratpur, viii. 220; Kol-
hapur, viii. 284 ; Lashkarpur, viii.
466 ; Lohardaga, viii. 484 Kha mb-
halia, viii. 142; Khyrim, viii. 215;
Kolhapur, viii. 284 ; Lohardaga, viii.
485 ; Madgiri, viii. 540 ; Madras
Presidency, ix. 54; Maharam, ix. 166;
Mahram, ix. 185 ; Monghyr, ix. 487 ;
Naga Hills, x. 152; Najibabad, x.
179 ; Natagarh, x. 240 ; Nepal, x.
284 ; Nosari, x. 405 ; Nowgong, x.
412 ; Poona, xi. 213 ; Punjab, xi.
287 ; Rupar, xii. 83 ; Sahiwal, xii.
137 ; Sarguja, xii. 268 ; Sherghati, xii.
380 ; Shimoga, xii. 404 ; Srinivaspur,
xiii. 79 ; Sylhet, xiii. 153 ; Tando
Muhammad Khan, xiii. 179; Tanjore,
xiii. 191 ; Tarn Taran, xiii. 215 ;
Tipperah, xiii. 319; Tumkur, xiii.
379 ; Unao, xiii. 434 ; Wanthali, xiii.
519 ; Wazirabad, xiii. 535.
Iron-wood trees, found in the Andaman
Islands, i. 282 ; Arakan Hill Tracts,
i. 299 ; Bombay Presidency, iii. 45 ;
L iwer Burma, iii. 204 ; Coorg, iv. 32 ;
Western Ghats, v. 59 ; North Kanara,
vii. 372 ; South Kanara, vii. 376 ;
Malabar, ix. 229 ; Tharawadi, xiii. 272.
Ironwork, article ' India,' vi. 606.
Irrigation, irrigated area in different
tracts, with statistics, article 'India,'
vi. 528-538 ; from hill streams in the
Himalayas, vi. 9 ; river irrigation in
the plains, vi. 28, 29. Local notices
— Ahmadabad, i. 90 ; Ahmadnagar, i.
102; Ajmere-Merwara, i. I18, 125;
Ah'garh, i. 173 ; Alipur (C. P.), i. 181 ;
Ambala, i. 220, 221 ; Amritsar, i.
259; North Arcot, i. 312; Baha-
walpur, i. 422 ; Bankura, ii. 83 ;
Bannu, ii. 94; Bara Banki, ii. Ill;
Bengal, ii. 315; Bhandara, ii. 364;
from the Bhavani, ii. 382 ; in Bhutan,
ii. 413; Bombay, iii. 55, 56; Bukka-
cherla, iii. 129; Bulandshahr, iii. 131 ;
from the Cauvery, iii. 278, 279 ; in
Cawnpur, iii. 280 ; Champaran, iii.
342 ; Chitaldnig, iii. 426 ; Cuddapah,
iv. 53 ; Cuttack, iv. 67, 68 ; Delhi, iv.
183 ; Dera Ghazi Khan, iv. 214, 215 ;
Dera Ismail Khan, iv. 223 ; Etah, iv.
362 ; Etawah, iv. 375 ; Faizabad, iv.
384 ; Fatehpur, iv. 427 ; Firozpur, iv.
444 ; from the Ganges Canals, iv. 472
477 ; Gaya, v. 44, 49 ; from the Ghag-
gar, v. 55; Godavari, v. 127; Gonda,
V. 152; Gostanadi, v. 174; Gujran-
wala, V. 184 ; Gujrat, v. 193 ; Gurdas-
pur, V. 211; Gurgaon, v. 220;
Haidarabad (Sind), v. 279, 280 ;
Hassan, v. 349 ; from the Hemavati,
V. 382 ; the Hindan, v. 414 ; Hissar,
v. 431; from the Indus, vii. 15, 16;
Jaipur, vii. 52 ; Jalandhar, vii. 88 ;
from the Jayamangali, vii. 164 ; in
Jehlam, vii. 173 ; Jhang, vii. 210 ;
INDEX.
163
Jhansi, v\\. 223 ; from the Jumna
Canals, vii. 256-261 ; Kadur, vii. 286 ;
Kamnip, vii. 362 ; Kingra, vii. 423,
424 ; Karachi, \'ii. 448 ; Karauli, vii.
473; Karnal, viii. 24; Karnul, viii. 39;
Kaveripak, viii. 105 ; from the Kendra-
para Canal, viii. 1 14 ; Khairpur, viii.
133 ; Khandesh, viii. 156 ; from the
Khanwah Canal, viii. 165; Kharakpur,
\'iii. 165; Kheri, viii. 193; Kistna, viii.
231 ; from the Kistna river, viii. 237 ;
Kohat, viii. 247 ; Kolar, viii. 276 ;
Kulu, viii. 343 ; from the Kuram, viii.
370 ; Lahore, viii. 410 ; from the
Lakshmantirtha, viii. 443 ; Lalitpur,
viii. 453 ; Ludhiana, \iii. 522 ; IMadras
Presidency, ix. 28, 29, 30, 40-44 ;
Madura, ix. 129 ; from th'e IMahanadf
(the Orissa Canal System), ix. 160-162;
Mainpuri, ix. 208 ; from the ]Ma-tun,
ix. 367 ; IMeerut, ix. 388 ; from the
Midnapur High Level Canal, ix. 434,
435 ; Mirzapur, ix. 458 ; Monghyr,
ix. 485 ; Montgomerj', ix. 498, 499 ;
Moradabad, ix. 509 ; from the Moti-
talao, ix. 521 ; Multan, x. 8 ; ISIuzaffar-
garh, X. 57 ; Muzaffarnagar, x. 72 ;
Mysore State, x. 90, 91, District, x.
119 ; from the Eastern and Western
Kara, x. 200, 201 ; in Nasik, x. 232 ;
Nellore, x. 267; theN.-W. Provinces,
X. 382, 383 ; Nowgong, x. 411 ; Oudh,
X. 506 ; from the Palar, x. 541 ;
Partabgarh, xi. 71, 72 ; Patna, xi. 94,
lOl ; from the Penner, xi. 133, 134 ;
in Peshawar, xi. 154 ; Pilibhit, xi.
175 ; Pishin, xi. 190 ; the Punjab, xi.
278, 279 ; Rai Bareli, xi. 354 ;
Rajputana, xi. 418 ; Rohri, xii. 64,
65 ; Rohtak, xii. 73 ; Saharanpur, xii.
120 ; -Santal Parganas, xii. 233 ; Saran,
xii. 257 ; Satara, xii. 276, 281 ; Shah-
abad (the Son Canals), xii. 325, 326 ;
Shahjahanpur, xii. 349, 350 ; Shahpur,
xii. 359, 365 ; from the Sharadanadi,
xii. 376; the Sharavati, xii. 377; in
Shimoga, xii. 403, 404 ; Sholapur,
xii. 415, 416 ; Sialkot, xii. 440, 446,
447; Sibi, xii. 455; Sind, xii. 520,
521 ; from the Son Canals, xiii. 54-57 ;
Sulekere Lake, xiii. 95 ; Surat, xiii.
127 ; from the Tambraparni, xiii. 170 ;
Tanjore, xiii. 189- 191 ; Tinnevelli,
xiii. 307 ; Tumkur, xiii. 378, 379 ;
from the Tunga, xiii. 383 ; the Tunga-
bhadra, xiii. 383 ; in Unao, xiii. 426,
427, 432 ; L-pper Sind Frontier, xiii.
439 ; from the Vaigai, xiii. 460 ; the
Vamadhara, xiii. 462 ; the Varahanadi,
xiii. 464 ; the Vedavati, xiii. 465 ; in
Vizagapatam, xiii. 493 ; from the
Yagachi, xiii. 547 ; in Yelandur, xiii.
552. See also Canals.
Irrikur, village in Madras, vii. 24.
Irulars or Irulas, aboriginal tribe in
North Arcot, i. 315 ; South Arcot, i.
322 ; Coimbatore, iv. 17 ; Mysore, x.
99; Nilgiri Hills, x. 312.
Isakapalli, village in Madras, vii. 24.
Isakhel, town and tahsil in Punjab, vii.
24, 25.
Isanagar, %illage in Oudh, vii. 25.
Isarda, town in Rajputana, vii. 25.
Isauli, pargand in Oudh, vii. 25.
Isinglass, exported from Nawanagar, x.
252.
Iskardo, town in Kashmir, vii. 26.
Islamabad. See Chittagong.
Islamabad, town in Kashmir State, vii.
26.
Islamabad Bijhauli, village in Oudh, vii.
26, 27.
Islamgarh, fort in Punjab, vii. 27.
Islamkot, town in Bombay, vii. 27.
Islamnagar, town in N.-W. Provinces,
vii. 27.
Islampur, town in Bombay, vii. 27.
Islam Khan, Viceroy of Bengal, removed
the capital from Rajmahal to Dacca
{chra 1610), iv. 80, 90.
Islands, near Aden, i. 15 ; Agradwip in
the Bhagirathi, i. 77 ; the Andamans, i.
281-287 ; Arnala, i. 331 ; in Bakarganj,
i. 441 ; Balchari, ii. 11 ; Bassein (Bom-
bay), ii. 191; Beyt, ii. 336; Bilu-Gywon.
ii. 459, 460; Bombay, iii. 73, 74;
Bukkur in the Indus, iii. 130 : Cheduba,
iii. 378, 379 ; Vypin, iv. 11 ; the Cocos,
iv. 13, 14 ; Dakshin Shahb.azpur, iv.
96 ; Dharmapatam, iv. 253 ; Diamond
Island, iv. 284, 285 ; Diu, iv. 305-308 ;
Domel, iv. 313 ; Double Island, iv.
315 ; Elephanta, iv. 340-344 ; in Farid-
pur, iv. 395 ; Foul Island, iv. 450 ;
Patapatteshim in the Godavari, v. 123 ;
Haing-g)'i, V. 290 ; Hatia, v. 355, 356 ;
Janjira, \\\. 141 ; Ka-le-gauk, vii. 324 ;
Kalibhanj, vii. 326; Iviamari in Karachi
Bay, vii. 452, viii. 215; Karanja, vii.
466, 467 ; Karumbhar, viii. 50, 51 ;
Kolaba, viii. 262 ; Kutabdia, viii. 380 ;
the Laccadives, viii. 392-396 ; Mahuwa,
ix. 187 ; the INIaldives, ix. 248-252 ;
IMandhata, ix. 293-297 ; Mashkal, ix.
351 ; Mergui Archipelago, ix. 412 ;
the Moscos, ix. 520 ; Nalbana, x. 182 ;
Nga-pii-taw, x. 293 ; the Nicobars, x.
294-298 ; in Noakhali, x. 339 ; Parikud,
xi. 63, 64; Perim (2), xi. 137-139 ;
Pigeon (2), xi. 169 ; Rabnabad, xi. 341 ;
Rameswaram, xi. 442-445 ; Ramri, xi.
463 ; Rojhi, xii. 79 ; Sagar, xii. 109,
no; Salbet, xii. 150; Salsette, xii.
1 68- 1 70; Sand wip, xii. 209-2 1 3 ; Seringa-
patam, xii. 318-320; Shahpuri, xii.
370; Sherpur, xii. 381; Sivasamudram,
164
INDEX.
xiii. 42, 43 ; Sullivan's, xiii. 95 ; at the
mouth of the Taung-gup, xiii. 220 ;
Tavoy, viii. 235 ; Khanderi, xiii. 247 ;
Tribeni, xiii. 353 ; Umananda, xiii.
419 ; Vypin, xiii. 504.
Ismail Beg, besieged Sindia in Agra
(1787), but was defeated by De Boigne
(17S8), i. 70.
Ismail Khan, son of Malik Sohrab,
first of the Hot dynasty, and founder
of Dera Ismail Khan, iv. 221.
Ishmail Shah, second king of Bijapur
(1510-34), ii. 424. ^
Istalif, town in Afghanistan, i. 33, 34.
Istiinrdri, a land tenure. See Tenures.
Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar, famous
modern Hindu social reformer, article
' India,' vi. 353.
Ita, hills in Assam, vii. 27.
Italy, India's trade with, article ' India,'
yi- 578, 579-
Itarsi, town in Central Provinces, vii.
27-
Itawa, estate in Central Provinces, vii. 28.
Itinerary Jesuit missionaries in the 15th
and 1 6th centuries, their labours and
conversions, article ' India,' vi. 250,
Itkuri, coal-field in Bengal, vii. 28.
Itra Gadhala, State in Bombay, vii. 28.
Ittamukkala, town in Madras, vii. 28.
Itwad, State in Bombay, vii. 28, 29.
Iviker, town in Madras, vii. 29.
Ivory, Carving in, and manufacture of
ivory-inlaid articles, article ' India,' vi.
609. Local notices — Alahyar-jo-Tando,
i. 161 ; Assam, i. 367 ; Bikaner, ii. 439 ;
Lower Burma, iii. 198; Cochin, iv. 7 ;
Hoshiarpur, v. 456, 458 ; Jambusar,
vii. 122; Kathiawar, viii. 96; Vizaga-
patam, ix. 54 > Mandalay, ix. 290 ;
Mangrol, ix. 316; Murshidabad, x.
39 ; Poona, xi. 213 ; Rangpur, xi. 498 ;
Sahiwal, xii. 137; Sylhet, xiii. 157;
Vizagapatam, xiii. 494, 498.
Jabalpur, Division in Central Provinces,
vii. 29.
Jabalpur, District in Central Provinces,
vii. 29-36 ; physical aspects, 30, 31 ;
history, 31, 32; population, 32, 33;
division into town and country, 33 ;
agriculture, 33, 34 ; national calamities,
34 ; commerce and manufactures, 34,
35 ; administration, 35, 36 ; medical
aspects, 36.
Jabalpur, tahsil in Central Provinces, vii.
36. 37-
Jabalpur, town in Central Provinces, vii.
37, 38.
Jabria Bhil, estate in Central India,
vii. 38.
Jabuah. See Jhabua.
Jackal, The Indian, article ' India,' vi.
654-
Jackson, Lowis D'A., Hydraulic
Manual, quoted, article 'India,' vi.
17 (footnote).
Jacob, Capt. Le Grand, quoted, on the
plague of rats in Kathiawar, viii. 97.
Jacob, Gen. John, founded Jacobabad
(1847), where he died (1858), vii. 38,
39 ; his treaty of Khelat (1854), ii. 31,
32 ; quoted on the Baluchi tribes on
the Upper Sind Frontier, and his sup-
pression of them, xiii. 441-445.
Jacobabad, town and taluk in Sind, vii.
38, 39-
Jacobi, Hermann, The laina Sutras,
forming vol. xii. of Max Midler's
'Sacred Books of the East,' quoted,
article ' India,' vi. 161 (footnotes 4
and 5); 167 (footnote i).
Jacobite branch of the Syrian Church in
India, article ' India,' vi. 242, 243 ;
257- Local notices — Cochin, iv. 4, 1 1 ;
Travancore, xiii. 348.
Jacquemont, M. Victor, quoted, on
Amber, i. 228 ; Dignagar, iv. 287 ;
Kedar Kanta, viii. 109 ; Panna, xi.
49 ; his last labours at Salsette, xii.
169.
Jade {ya), found in Upper Burma, iii.
211.
Jadon Rao Lakhji, grandfather of Sivaji,
iv. 230.
Jaenicke, missionary in Tinnevelli (1792-
1800), ix. 25, xiii. 304.
Jafarabad, State in Bombay, vii. 39.
Jafarabad, town in Kathiawar, vii. 39.
Jafarganj, village in Bengal, vii. 39.
Jafar Khan, a Rajput renegade, founded
the Muhammadan dynasty of Ahmad-
abad (1403), iii. 36.
Jaflang, village in Assam, vii. 39.
Jagadhri, town and tahsil in Punjab, vii.
40.
Jagalur, village in Mysore, vii. 41.
Jagan, town in Bombay, vii. 41.
Jagannath, Worship of, article ' India,'
vi. 223 - 226 ; his Brahmanical and
Buddhist origin, 224 ; the Car festival,
225 ; English calumnies against Jagan-
nath, self-immolation seldom practised,
224, 225 ; his bloodless worship and
gentle doctrines, 225, 226. See also
Orissa, x. 437-458 ; history of the
religion, 437 - 439 ; Vishnuism, 439-
441 ; legend of the temple at Puri, 441,
442 ; Kabir, 442, 443 ; Chaitanya,
443> 444 ; Vallabha-Swami, 444, 445 ;
the wealth of Jagannath, 445, 446 ; the
temple at Puri, 447, 448 ; festivals,
INDEX.
165
448 ; the Car festival, 448, 449 ; pil-
grims to Jagannath, 450-455 ; mortality
among the pilgrims, 455-457 ; pilgrim
hospitals, 458; and Puri, xi. 311-320.
Jagat Seth, wealthy Hindu banker, built
temple at Bhagalpur, ii. 352 ; his im-
portance at Murshidabad, x. 23.
Jagat Singh, Rana of Mewar (1716-52),
paid chaiith to the Marathas, and went
to war with Jodhpur, xiii. 405, 406.
Jagatsinghpur, village in Bengal, vii. 41.
Jagdalpur, town in Central Provinces,
vii. 41.
Jagdispur, town in Bengal, vii. 41.
Jagdispur, pargand in Oudh, vii. 41, 42.
Jagdispur-Nihalgarh, town in Oudh, vii.
42.
Jaggayyapet, town in Madras, vii. 42.
Jagir, historic name for tract in S. India,
granted by the Nawab of Arcot to the
East India Company (1760), vii. 42.
Jagraon, town and tahsil in Punjab, vii.
42, 43-
Jagra Singh, Sikh chief of the Ranghana
confederacy, established a Principality
of the Ravi (1783), v. 208.
Jahalu. See Jhalu.
Jahanabad, town and Sub-division in
Bengal, vii. 43, 44.
Jahanabad, town and Sub-division in
Bengal, vii. 44.
Jahanabad, town in N.-W. Provinces,
vii. 44.
Jahandar Shah, son of the Emperor
Bahadur Shah, defeated his brother
Azim-us-Shah, and became Emperor
(1712), V. 257.
Jahangir, fourth Mughal Emperor of
India (1605-27), article 'India,' vi.
300-302 ; chief events of his reign, 300
(footnote 2); rebellion of his son Shah
Jahan, 301 ; his Empress Nur Jahan,
301 ; personal character, justice and
religious toleration, 301, 302. Local
notices — Received Sir T. Roe at Ajmere,
i. 21 ; his buildings at Agra before
1618, i. 69 ; ruled, before becoming
Emperor, at Allahabad, where he re-
erected Asoka's column, i. 186, 187 ;
built palace at Gwalior, v. 236 ; incited
Bir Singh of Orchha to murder Abul
Fazl, vii. 217; put down rebellions
in Kangra, vii. 415 ; built palace and
pearl mosque at Lahore, viii. 415 ; his
mausoleum at Shahdara, viii. 415, 416,
xii. 341 ; completed Akbar's tomb at
Sikandra, xii. 481 ; laid out the Shali-
mar Bagh at Srinagar, xiii. 77; defeated
by Rana Umra of Mewar, who after-
wards submitted, xiii. 405, 406.
Jahangirabad, town in N.-W. Provinces,
vii. 44.
Jahangirabad, town in Oudh, vii. 45.
Jahazgarh, fortress in Punjab, vii. 45,
Jahazpur, town in Rajputana, vii. 45.
Jahnavi, river in N.-W. Provinces, vii.
,45-
Jai Chand, Raja of Kanauj, peopled the
country south of the Kali Nadi, iv.
410; killed in battle with Kutab-ud-
dfn, v. 63.
Jaigarh, port in Bombay, vii. 45, 46.
Jail statistics, article 'India,' vi. 472;
vital statistics of Indian prisons, 684,
685. See also under administrative
section of each District article.
Jails, Central or important, at Agra, i.
66; Alipur, i. 180; Allahabad, i. 193,
199 ; Bahawalpur, i. 422 ; Bangalore,
ii. 64, 65 ; Bareilly, ii. 144 ; Benares,
ii. 260, 261 ; Lahore, viii. 412 ; Kul-
barga, viii. 333 ; Multan, x. 9 ; Nagpur,
X. 174; Rajamahendri, xi. 382; Ran-
goon, xi. 484 ; Rassa (female), xi. 515 ;
Sagar, xii. 109 ; Sialkot (military), xii.
452 ; Vellore, xiii. 467.
Jainagar, town in Bengal, vii. 46.
Jains, the modern representatives of
Buddhism in India, article 'India,' vi.
158 ; Jain population in India, 158
(footnote) ; Jain doctrines, 159 ; temple
cities, 159; relation of Jainism to Bud-
dhism, 159, 160; antiquity of the Jains,
160 ; date of the Jain scriptures, 161 ;
the Jains, an independent sect, 162 ;
modern Jainism, 162. Local notices —
Jains particularly numerous or note-
worthy, at Aden, i. 17 ; Ahmadabad, i.
95; North Arcot, i. 314; Assam, i.
359, 360 ; Bagpat, i. 419 ; Baroda, ii.
159; Beria, ii. 326; Bombay Presi-
dency, iii. 35, 52 ; Bombay city, iii. 80,
81; Broach, iii. 103, 104, ill; Central
India, iii. 295 ; Central Provinces, iii.
317; Chaprauli, iii. 317; Champanagar,
iii- 333 ; Cutch, iv. 60 ; Damoh, iv.
109 ; their meetings at Kundalpur, iv.
112; Deulgaon Raja, iv. 230; Berar,
v. 267 ; Harpanahalli, v. 342 ; Hassan,
V. 347 ; Hazaribagh, v. 374 ; Humcha,
v. 501, 502; South Kanara, vii. 379;
Madras, ix. 22 ; Mainpuri, ix. 206 ;
Meerut, ix. 386 ; Murshidabad, x. 25 ;
Muzaffarnagar, x. 71 ; Mysore, x. 100;
Palanpur Agency, x. 537 ; Palitana,
xi. 3, 4 ; Anhilwara Patan, xi. 82 ;
Rajputana, xi. 408, 410 ; Rampur
(N.-W. P.), xi. 460; Rangpur, xi.
494 ; Ranipur, xi. 509 ; Rohtak, xii.
72 ; Sagar, xii. 104, 105 ; Sarsaganj,
xii. 271 ; Satara, xii. 280; Shravan-
belgola, xii. 415; Sialkot, xii. 452;
Sibsagar, xii. 464 ; Sirohi, xiii. 4 ;
Sultanpur, xiii. 106; Surat, xiii. 124;
Udaipur, xiii. 402. See also Architec-
ture, Jain, and Temples, Jain,
i66
INDEX.
Jaintia, tract in Assam, vii. 46, 47 ;
Jaintia Hills, Sub-division in Assam,
vii. 47-49.
Jaintiapur, village in Assam, vii. 49, 50.
Jaipal, Hindu Raja of Lahore, his defeats
by Sabuktigin and JNIahmud of Ghazni,
article ' India,' vi. 272, xi. 148, 261.
Jaipur, Native State in Rajputana, vii.
50-59 ; physical aspects, 50-52 ; agri-
culture, 52 ; population, 52, 53 ; com-
merce, etc., 53, 54; communications,
54, 55 ; history, 55-58 ; administration,
58 ; climate, 58, 59.
Jaipur city, capital of State in Rajputana,
vii. 59-61.
Jaipur, town in Assam, vii. 61.
Jaipur, estate in Madras, vii. 61-64.
Jaipur, town in Madras, vii. 64, 65.
Jaipurite or syepoorite, found in Raj-
putana, xi. 401.
Jais, town undpargarm in Oudh, vii. 65.
Jaisalmer, State in Rajputana, vii. 65-70 ;
physical aspects, 66 ; climate, 66, 67 ;
history, 67, 68 ; agriculture, 68, 69 ;
population, 69 ; trade, 69 ; administra-
tion, 69, 70.
Jaisalmer city, capital of State in Raj-
putana, vii. 70.
Jai Singh, Raja of Jaipur, his astronomical
observatories at Jaipur, Delhi, Benares,
Muttra, and Ujjain in the i8th century,
article 'India,' vi. 105, 106. Local
notices — His observatory at Benares, ii.
265 ; completed the palace of Amber,
i. 228 ; his reign, vii. 56 ; founded
Jaipur (1728), vii. 59 ; observatory at
Ujjain, xiii. 418.
Jaisinghnagar, village in Central Pro-
vinces, vii. 70, 71.
Jaitak, hill fort in Punjab, vii. 71.
Jaitapur, port in Bombay, vii. 71.
Jaitpur, historic town in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, vii. 7I> 72-
Jajamau, town in Oudh, vii. 72.
Jajhoti, historic name of Bundelkhand,
vii. 72.
Jajis, an important, semi - independent
tribe in the Kuram valley, viii. 368.
Jajmau, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, vii. 72, 73-
Jajpur, town and Sub-division in Bengal,
jii- 73-
Jajpur, town in Central India, vii. 73-
Jakanachari, architect and sculptor, his
carvings at Behir, ii. 252 ; bom at
Kaidala, legend about, vii. 295 ; his
carvings at Somnathpur, xiii. 51-
Jakhan, State in Kathiawar, vii. 74.
Jakhau, port in Bombay, vii. 74-
Jakkatala. See Wellington.
Jako, mountain peak in Punjab, vii. 74-
Jakranis, Baluchi tribe on the Upper Sind
Frontier, xiii. 440, 443.
Jalalabad, district in Afghanistan, vii.
74-76 ; agriculture, 75 ; administration,
75.76.
Jalalabad, town in Afghanistan, vii. 76,
77-,
Jalalabad, town in Oudh, vii. 77.
Jalalabad, town in Muzaffarnagar District,
N.-W. Provinces, vii. 77.
Jalalabad, tahsil m. N.-W. Provinces, vii.
77, 78.
Jalalabad, town in Shahjahanpur District,
N.-W. Provinces, vii. 78, 79.
Jalali, town in N.-W. Provinces, vii. 79-
Jalalkhera, town in Central Provinces,
vii. 79.
Jalaljsur, Sub-division in Bombay, vii.
79. 80.
Jalalpur, town and tahsil in Punjab, vii.
80.
Jalalpur, village in Punjab, vii. 80, 81.
Jalalpur, historic town in Punjab, vii. 81.
Jalalpur-Dehi, town in Oudh, vii. 81.
Jalalpur-Nahvi, town in Oudh, vii. 8r,
82.
Jalal-ud-din, the first king of the Khilji
dynasty (1290-95), article 'India,'
vi. 280. Local notices — Founded
new dynasty at Delhi, iv. 191, 192 ;
his unsuccessful siege of Ranthambor
(1291), xi. 511.
Jalandhar, Division in Punjab, vii. 82,
83-
Jalandhar, District in Punjab, vii. 83-90 ;
physical aspects, 83 - 85 ; history,
85, 86 ; population, 86, 87 ; agri-
culture, 87-89 ; commerce and trade,
89 ; administration, 89, 90 ; medical
aspects, 90.
Jalandhar, tahsil in Punjab, vii. 90, 91.
Jalandhar, town in Punjab, vii. 91, 92.
Jalangi, river in Bengal, vii. 92, 93.
Jalarapetta. See Jollarpet.
Jalaun, District in N.-W. Provinces, vii.
93-102; physical aspects, 93, 94; his-
tory, 94-96 ; people, 96-98 ; agricul-
ture, 98, 99 ; natural calamities, 99,
100 ; commerce and trade, 100 ; ad-
ministration, 100, loi ; medical as-
pects, 102.
Jalaun, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces, vii.
102.
Jalaun, town in N.-W. Provinces, vii.
102, 103.
Jaldhaka, river of Bengal, vii. 103.
Jalesar, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, vii. 103.
Jaleswar, town in Bengal, vii. 104.
Jalgaon, town in Bombay, vii. 104.
Jalgaon, village in Central Provinces,
vii. 104, 105.
Jalgaon, tdliik in Berar, vii. 105.
Jalgaon, pargand in Central India, vii.
105.
INDEX.
167
Jalgaon- Jambod, town in Berar, vii.
105, 106.
Jalgars, gold - washers in Dharwar, iv.
,258.
Jalia Amraji, State in Kathiawar, vii.
106.
Jalia Dewani, State in Bombay, vii. 106.
Jalia Manaji, State in Kathiawar, vii. 106.
Jaliyas, caste of fishermen, especially
numerous in Bengal, ii. 296 ; Dinajpur,
iv. 292 ; Goalpara, v. 115.
Jalna, town in the Deccan, vii. 106, 107.
Jaloka, son of Asoka, said to have a
temple, now a mosque, at Srinagar,
xiii. 76.
Jalor, town in Rajputana, vii. 107.
Jalori, mountain range in Punjab, vii.
107.
Jalpaiguri, District in Bengal, vii. 107
117; physical aspects, 107-109 ; his-
tory, 109-111 ; population, 111-113 ;
agriculture, 113, 1 14; tea, 1 14, 1 15;
manufactures, etc., I15, 116; admini-
stration, 116, 117; medical aspects,
117-
Jalpaiguri, Sub-division in Bengal, vii.
"7-
Jalpaiguri, town in Bengal, vii. 117, 1 18.
Jalpesh, town in Bengal, vii. 118.
Jamalabad, town in Madras, vii. 118.
Jamalavaya Durga, hill in Madras, vii.
118.
Jamalis, Baluchi tribe in Larkhana, viii.
463 ; Upper Sind Frontier, xiii. 440,
443-
Jamdlpur, Sub-division in Bengal, vii.
3i8> 319-
Jamdlpur, town in Bengal, vii. 119.
Jama Masjid, Shah Jahan's great mosque
at Delhi, article ' India,' vi. 304. See
also Mosques.
Jambu, river in Bengal, vii. 119.
Jambughora, village in Bombay, vii. 120.
Jambukeswaram, historic temple in
Madras, vii. 120, 121.
Jambulghata, town in Central Provinces,
vii. 121.
Jambur, village in Coorg, vii. 12 1.
Jambusar, Sub-division in Bombay, vii.
121, 122.
Jambusar, town in Bombay, vii. 122,
^123.
Jambva, river in Bombay, vii. 123.
James, Commodore, took Bankot, the
resort of the Angria pirates (1755),
iv. 449.
James, Colonel, suggested St. Thomas'
Mount as head-quarters of the Madras
artillery (1774), xii. 144. _
James and Mary Sands, in the Hugh
river, v. 123-126. See also Hugh
river.
Jami, town in Madras, vii. 126.
Jamira, tidal estuary of the Ganges, vii.
126.
Jam-jo-Tando, town in Sind, vii. 127.
Jamkhandi, State in Bombay, vii. 127.
Jamkhandi, town in Bombay, vii. 127.
Jamkhher, Sub-division in Bombay, vii.
127, 12S.
Jamki, town in Punjab, vii. 128.
Jamli, village in Central India, vii. 128.
Jammalamadugu, town and tdhik in
Madras, vii. 128, 129.
Jammu, Province and town in Kashmir,
vii. 129, 130.
Jamna. See Jumna.
Jamnagar. See Nawanagar.
Jamner, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, vii. 130, 131.
Jamni, river in Central India, vii. 131.
Jamnia, chiefship in Central India, vii.
I3i> 132.
Jamnotri, hot springs in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, vii. 132.
Jamod, town in Berar, vii. 132.
Jampui, hill range in Bengal, vii. 132.
Jampur, town and tahsil in Punjab, vii.
^132,133-
Jamri, estate in Central Provinces, vii. 133.
Jamrud, fort in Punjab, vii. 133.
Jamtara, Sub-division in Bengal, vii.
I33> 134-
Jamu. See Jammu.
Jamui, town and Sub-division in Bengal,
vii. 134.
Jamuna. See Jumna.
Jamuna, river in N. Bengal, vii. 134,
135 ; the name of the Brahmaputra
from its entering the Bengal delta to
its junction with the Ganges, article
' India,' vi. 14.
Jamuna, river in Bengal, vii. 135, 136.
Jamuna, river in Assam, vii. 136.
Jamuna, river in N. Bengal, vii. 136.
Jamwari, river in Oudh, vii. 136.
Janaura, town in Oudh, vii. 136.
Jandiala, town in Punjab, vii. 136, 137.
Jandiala, town in Punjab, vii. 137.
Jang Bahadur, Sir, assistance rendered by,
during the suppression of the Mutiny,
article ' India,' vi. 421. Local notices
— Recovered Gorakhpur from the
mutineers, v. 167 ; his history, Prime
Minister of Nepal (1846-77), x. 290;
his campaign in Oudh, x. 496.
Jangipur, town and Sub-division in Ben-
gal, vii. 137.
Janjira, Native State in Bombay, vn.
137-141 ; physical aspects, 138 ; popu-
lation, 138, 139 ; climate, products,
etc., 139, 140; communications, 140;
histoiy, 140, 141.
Janjira, capital of State in Bombay, vii. 141.
Jansath, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, vii. 142.
i68
INDEX.
Jaoli. See Javli.
Jaora, State in Central India, vii. 142.
Jaora, town in Central India, vii. 143.
Jarcha, town in N.-W. Provinces, vii.
,143-
Jareja Rajputs, the ruling race in Cutch,
their history, iv. 61.
Jarod, Sub-division in Bombay, vii. 143,
144.
Jarwal, town in Oudh, vii. 144.
Jasa Singh, head of the Jan wars of Unao,
rebelled, and died of wounds received
fighting against Havelock, xiii. 430.
Jasdan, State in Kathiawar, vii. 144.
Jasdan, town in Kathiawar, vii. 144.
Jashpur, State in Chutia Nagpur, vii.
144-146 ; physical aspects, 144, 145 ;
history, 145; population, 145, 146;
crops, 146.
Jashpur, hill range in Bengal, vii. 146.
Jaso, State in Central India, vii. 146.
Jasol, estate and village in Rajputana,
vii. 146.
Jaspur, town in N.-W. Provinces, vii.
146.
Jaspura, village in N.-W. Provinces, vii.
146, 147.
Jasrota, historic town in Punjab, vii. 147.
Jaswan Dun, valley in Punjab, vii. 147.
Jaswantnagar, town in N.-W. Provinces,
vii. 147.
Jaswant Rao Holkar. See Holkar.
Jaswant Singh, Raja of Jodhpur, sent
across the Indus with an army by
Aurangzeb, vii. 241.
Jatba, founded the Gond kingdom of
Deogarh, iii. 399.
Jath, State in Bombay, vii. 147, 148.
Jath, town in Bombay, vii. 148.
Jati, tdltik in Bombay, vii. 148.
Jatinga, river in Assam, vii. 148.
Jatoi, town in Punjab, vii. 148, 149.
Jatoi, village in Bombay, vii. 149.
Jatrapur, village in Bengal, vii. 149.
Jats, The, their Scythian origin, article
'India,' vi. 179, 180. Local notices —
Particularly numerous or otherwise im-
portant in Ajmere-Merwara, i. 124;
Aligarh, i. 172; Ambala, i. 218;
Amritsar, i. 258 ; Bannu, ii. 93 ;
Bhartpur, ii. 372 ; Bikaner, ii. 439 ;
Bulandshahr, iii. 137 ; Central India,
iii. 295 ; Chaprauli, iii. 370 ; Delhi,
iv. 181 ; Dera Ghazi Khan, iv. 213 ;
Dera Ismail Khan, iv. 222 ; Firozpur,
iv. 442 ; Gujranwala, v. 183 ; Gujrat,
V. 189, 191, 192; Gurdaspur, V. 209;
Gurgaon, v. 218, 219 ; Hissar, v. 429 ;
Hoshiarpur, v. 454; Jalandhar, vii.
87 ; Jehlam, vii. 168-170 ; Jodhpur, vii.
237, 238 ; Karnal, viii. 22 ; Lahore,
viii. 407 ; Larkhana, viii. 463 ; Lud-
hiana, viii. 521 ; Meerut, ix. 386, 388 ;
Montgomery, ix. 497 ; Multan, x. 6, 7 ;
Muttra, X. 48 ; Muzaffargarh, x. 60 ;
Muzaffarnagar, x. 71 ; Punjab, xi. 273,
274; Rajputana, xi. 408, 410; Rawal
Pindi, xii. 26 ; Rohtak, xii. 72 ; Sial-
kot, xii. 444 ; Sibi, xii.^ 455, 456;
Sirsa, xiii. 13, 14; Tikri, xiii. 295;
Udaipur, xiii. 402 ; Upper Sind Fron-
tier, xiii. 441.
Jatta, salt mine in Punjab, vii. 149.
Jaulna. See Jalna.
Jaum, village in Central India, vii. 149.
Jaunpur, District in N.-W. Provinces,
vii. 149-159; physical aspects, 150,
151 ; history, 151 - 153 ; population,
153, 154; urban and rural population,
154, 155 ; material condition of the
people, 155 ;_ agriculture, 155-157;
natural calamities, 157 ; communica-
tions, trade, etc., 157, 158 ; administra-
tion, 158; sanitary aspects, 158, 159.
Jaunpur, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces, vii.
'59-
Jaunpur, historic town, and former capital,
in N.-W. Provinces, vii. 159, 160.
Jaunsar Bawar, tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, vii. 160, 161.
Jaura. See Jaora.
Java, Conquest of, by Lord Minto,
article ' India,' vi. 399.
Javli, Sub-division in Bombay, vii. 161.
Jawad, town in Central India, vii. 161.
Jawadi, range in Madras, vii. 161, 162.
Jawahir. See Juhar.
Jawahir Singh of Chandrapur, rebelled
(1842), xii. 102.
Jawalamukhi, ancient town in Punjab,
vii. 162.
Jawalapur, town in N.-W. Provinces,
vii. 162, 163.
Jawhar, State in Bombay, vii. 163, 164.
"jawhar, chief town of State in Bombay,
vii. 164.
Jayadeva, Sanskrit poet of the 12th
century, article * India,' vi. 128 ; born
at Kenduli, where a fair is held in his
honour, viii. 114.
Jayamangali, river in Mysore, vii. 164.
Jaziyd, or Mughal poll - tax on non-
Musalmans, article ' India,' vi. 309.
Jeddya Gowden, mountain in Madras,
vii. 165.
Jehlam, river in Punjab, vii. 165, 166.
Jehlam, District in Punjab, vii. 166-177 ;
physical aspects, 166-168; history,
168, 169; population, 169- 1 72; agri-
culture, 172-174 ; commerce and trade,
174, 175; administration, 175, 176;
medical aspects, 176, 177'
Jehlam, tahsil \n Punjab, vii. 177.
Jehlam, town in Punjab, vii. 177, 178.
Jeejeebhoy, Sir Jamsetjee, founded Bom-
bay School of Art, iii. 71 ; created a
INDEX.
169
baronet (1857), iii. 80; subscribed
most of the expenses of the Poona
water-works, xi. 210, 211.
Jeejeebhoy, Lady, gave largely to the
Bombay causeways, xiii. 256.
Jejuri, town in Bombay, vii. 178.
Jellasore. See Jaleswar.
Jenkal-betta, peak in Mysore, vii. 178.
Jenkins, Capt., sent by Lord W. Bentinck
to examine Assam, i. 365.
Jerdon, Dr., author of hand-book on the
mammals of India, his nomenclature
used, ix. 88-90 ; his Birds of India,
. ix. 91.
Jerigiu-khadi. See Dang States.
Jerimala, town in Madras, vii. 179.
Jerruck, Sub-division in Sind,vii. 179- 1 82.
Jerruck, village in Sind, vii. 182.
Jesar, State in Bombay, vii. 1S2, 183.
Jessor, District in Bengal, vii. 183-191 ;
physical aspects, 183, 184 ; history,
184, 185 ; population, 185 - 187 ;
agriculture, 187, 188 ; natural calami-
ties, 188 ; commerce and trade, 1S8,
189 ; means of communication, 189 ;
administration, 189 - 191 ; medical
aspects, 191.
Jessor, Sub-division in Bengal, vii. 191.
Jessor, town in Bengal, vii. 191, 192.
Jesuits in India, article 'India, 'vi. 244-
255 ; first Portuguese missionaries
(1500), 244 ; St. Francis Xavier, 244,
245 ; the Madras Jesuits, 245 ; letters
of the early Jesuit missionaries, 246 ;
Thana, a Jesuit station (1550), with its
colony of Christian artisans and culti-
vators, 247, 248 ; rural organization of
the Jesuits, 248 ; the Jesuit college at
Cochin, 248-250 ; Jesuit itinerary mis-
sionaries, and their conversions, 250,
251 ; Jesuit missions in Malabar in the
17th and i8th centuries, 251, 252;
Jesuit martyrdoms, 252, 253 ; literary
labours of the Jesuits, 253 ; establish-
ment of the Portuguese inquisition at
Goa (1560), 251-253 ; mttos dafi, 253,
254; abolition of the inquisition (1812),
254; the Jesuits suppressed (1759-73),
254, 255 ; re-established (1814), 255.
Local notices — Agra, i. 75 ; Bandel, ii.
57 ; Cochin, iv. 12 ; Coimbatore, iv.
16 ; expelled from Cuddalore between
1746 and 1752, iv. 46 ; monopolized
the trade of Goa in the i8th century,
v. 105 ; South Kanara, vii. 379 ;
Karur, viii. 52 ; Madura, ix. 25, 125,
126 ; Malabar, ix. 229 ; Negapatam,
X. 258 ; Tinnevelli, xiii. 302, 303 ;
Travancore, xiii. 348 ; Trichinopoli,
xiii. 358 ; Tuticorin, xiii. 385.
Jesujabus of Adiabene, Nestorian patriarch
(died 660), mentions Quilon as Coilon,
xi. 339-
Jesvvant Rao Puar, Raja of Dhar,
rebelled in Mutiny of 1857, iv. 247.
Jeth Singh, Raja of Sambalpur, his
history, xii. 179, 180.
Jethwar. See Barda.
Jetpur Bilkha, State in Kathiawar, vii.
192.
Jetpur, fortified town in Kathiawar, vii.
192, 193.
Jewar, towninN.-W. Provinces, vii. 193.
Jewellery and goldsmiths' work, article
' India,' vi. 605, 606. For local notices,
see Goldsmiths' and jewellers' work.
Jewish settlements in ancient Malabar,
article ' India,' vi. 234, 235.
Jews in Balkh, ii. 15 ; Bengal, ii. 295 ;
Bombay Presidency, iii. 52 ; Bombay
city, iii. 180; Lower Burma, iii. 179 ;
Calcutta, iii. 256; Cochin, iv. 4, 10,
1 1 ; Kodungalur, viii. 240. See also
Beni-Israel.
Jeypore. See Jaipur.
Jeypore, estate and town in Madras.
See Jaipur.
Jeysulmere. See Jaisalmer.
Jhabua, State in Central India, vii. 193-
195-
Jhabua, town in Central India, vii. 195.
"jhajhar, town in N.-W. Provinces, vii.
195, 196.
Jhajhars, good agriculturists in Buland-
shahr, iii. 137.
Jhajjar, town and ialisil in Punjab, vii.
196, 197.
Jhaknanda, town m Central India, vii.
197.
Jhala Rajputs, akin to the Waghelas,
tdlnhdars in Ahmadabad, i. 89.
Jhalakati, village in Bengal, vii. 197.
Jhalawar, Native State in Rajputana,
vii. 197-202 ; physical aspects, 198,
199 ; history, 199, 200 ; agriculture,
200; revenue, 200, 201 ; population,
201, 202 ; means of communication,
202 ; climate, 202.
Jhalawar, division of Kathiawar, vii. 202.
Jhalera, chiefship in Central India, vii.
203.
Jhalod, petty division in Bombay, vii. 203.
Jhalod, town in Bombay, vii. 203.
Jhalotar-Ajgain, pargand in Oudh, vii.
203.
Jhalra Patan, town in Rajputana, vii.
■ 203-205.
Jhalu, town in N.-W. Provinces, vii.
205-
Jhamka, State in Bombay, vii. 205.
jhammar, State in Bombay, vii. 205.
Jhampodar, State in Kathiawar, vii. 205.
Jhang, District in Punjab, vii. 205-212 ;
physical aspects, 206, 207 ; history,
207-209 ; population, 209, 210 ; agri-
culture, 211; commerce and trade,
170
INDEX.
211; administration, 211, 212; medical
aspects, 212.
Jhang, tdhsil in Punjab, vii. 212, 213.
Jhang, town in Punjab, vii. 213.
Jhangar, village in Bombay, \\\. 213.
Jhanidah, town and Sub-division in
Bengal, vii. 214.
Jhanjhana, town in N.-W. Provinces, vii.
Jhanjharpur, village in Bengal, vii. 214.
Jhansi, Native State in Central India,
lapsed to the British for want of heirs,
article 'India,' vi. 415; revolt of the
ex-princess in 1857, vi. 421, 422.
Jhansi, Division in X.-W. Pro\-inces, vii.
214, 215.
Jhansi, District in N.-W. Provinces, vii.
215-227 ; physical aspects, 216, 217 ;
history, 217 - 221 ; population, 221,
222 ; agriculture, 222 - 224 ; natural
calamities, 224, 225 ; commerce and
trade, 225, 226 ; administration, 226,
227 ; medical aspects, 227.
Jhansi, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces, vii.
227, 228.
Jhansi Naoabad, village in X.-W. Pro-
vinces, vii. 228.
Jharcha. See Jarcha.
Jharia, coal-field in Bengal, vii. 228, 229.
Jharia Garkhari. See Dang States.
Jharias, the older Hindu settlers in the
Central Provinces who have contracted
local beliefs, iii. 312.
Jheend. See jind.
Jhelum. See Jehlam.
Jhind. See Jind.
Jhinjhuwara, town and State in Bombay,
vii. 230.
Jhirak. See Jerruck.
Jhiri, river in Assam, vii. 230.
Jhulara Kadir Khan, besieged, with
Ismail Beg, Madhuji Sindhia in Agra
(1787), i. 70.
Jhunjhnu, pargatui in Rajputana, vii.
230, 231.
Jhusi, village in N.-W. Provinces, vii.
Jia Dhaneswari, river in Assam, vii. 231.
Jiaganj, town in Bengal, vii. 231.
Jigni, State in Central India, vii. 231,
Jilo or Jilo-Patan, town in Rajputana,
vii. 232.
Jind, Xative State in Punjab, vii. 232,
Jind, chief town of State in Punjab, vii.
. .•?-'-■
Jinjira. See Janjira.
Jinjiram, river in Assam, vii. 233.
Jira, village in Assam, vii. 233.
Jiral, State in Bombay, \-ii. 233.
Jirang, State in Assam, vii. 233.
Jiri. See Jhiri.
Jobat, State in Central India, vii. 233,
234-
Jobat, to\\'n in Central India, vii. 234.
Jodhia or Joriya, revenue division, town,
and port in Bombay, vii. 234.
Jodhi Singh, Sikh ruler on the Ra\-i
from 1803 to 1816, when on his death
Ranjit Singh seized the territory, v.
208.
Jodhpur, Native State in Rajputana, vii.
234-246; physical aspects, 235, 236;
geological characteristics, 236, 237 ;
population, 237, 238 ; agriculture,
23S, 239 ; manufactures, 239 ; medical
aspects, 239, 240 ; history, 240-243 ;
administration, 244, 245 ; climate,
245, 246.
Jodhpur city, capital of State in Raj-
putana, vii. 246, 247.
Jogeshwari, cave in Bombay, vii. 246,
^47-
Jogigarh, fort in Central Provinces, vii.
247.
Jogi-ghopa, village in Assam, vii. 247.
Jogi-maradi, peak in Mysore, vii. 247.
Johnstone, Sir John, raised siege of
Kohima by the Nagas (1879) with his
Manipuris, ix. 327, x. 146 ; saved
British subjects in the third Burmese
war, ix. 328.
Jollarpet, town in Madras, vii. 247.
Joma-male. See Soma-male.
Jones, Colonel, commanded expedition
against Sarguja at end of i8th century,
xii. 267.
Jones, Sir William, article ' India,' vi.
114, 126; his estimate of the popula-
tion of Bengal, ii. 292.
Jones, Capt. William, his improved sys-
tem of embanking and irrigating the
Tarai (1851), xiii. 208.
Jones, Sir William, took Moradabad
(1S58), ix. 507; relieved the siege of
Shahjalianpur, xii. 346.
Jones, W. B., Chief Commissioner of the
Central Provinces (1S83), iii. 320.
Jordanus, Friar, consecrated Bishop of
Columbum or Quilon (1330), xi. 339.
Jorhat, village and Sub - division in
Assam, vii. 247, 248.
Joriya. See Jodhia.
Josaphat, a saint of the Christian Church,
analogies between him and Buddha,
and asserted identity of the two,
article ' India,' vi. 151, 152.
Joshimath, village in N.-W. Provinces,
vii. 248.
Jotdar, river channel in Bengal, vii. 248.
Jotddrs. See Tenures, Land.
Joura. See Jaora.
Journal Asiatiqiie, paper by M. Senart,
quoted, article 'India, vi. 175 (foot-
note 3).
INDEX.
171
Journalism and newspapers, article
' India,' vi. 480. See Newspapers.
Jowai, village in Assam, vii. 248, 249.
Juangs, The, tribe of Orissa Tributary
States, vii. 249-252 ; habits and cus-
toms, 250 ; dwellings, 250 ; cultiva-
tion, 250; food, 251; dress, 251;
physical characteristics, 252 ; religion,
252 ; marriages and funeral cere-
monies, 252 ; a leaf-wearing tribe in
Orissa, article ' India,' vi. 56.
Juba, historic fortress in Bengal; vii.
253-
Jubbal, Hill State in Punjab, vii. 253.
Jubbulpore. See Jabalpur.
Juggaur, town in Oudh, vii. 253.
Jugis or Katamis, silk - weavers and
breeders of silkworms in Assam, i.
356.
Juhar, valley in N.-W. Provinces, vii.
253-
Ju-i-Sharki, town in Oudh, vii. 254.
Jullundur. See jalandhar.
/mil. See Nomadic hill cultivation.
Jummoo. See Kashmir and Jammu.
Jumna, great river in Northern India,
and chief tributary of the Ganges,
article ' India,' vi. 17 ; vii. 254-
256.
Jumna Canal, Eastern, irrigation work
in N.-W. Provinces, vii. 256-258;
statistics of, article 'India,' vi. 29;
' 532, 533- Local notices — INleerut, ix.
■ 382 ; Muzaffarnagar, x. 67 ; Saharan-
pur, xii. 114.
Jumna Canal, Western, irrigation work
in N.-W. Provinces, vii. 258-261;
statistics of, article ' India,' vi. 29 ;
531- Local notices — Ambala, i. 215,
220; Delhi, iv. 178, 179; Hissar, v.
426, 430 ; Karnal, viii. 19, 20 ;
Rohtak, xii. 69.
Junagarh, Native State in Bombay, vii.
261, 262.
Junagarh, town in Kathiawar, vii. 262,
263.^
Junapadar, State in Kathiawar, vii. 263.
Jungle Mahals, formerly a District in
Lower Bengal, vii. 263, 264.
Jungle products, tasar silk, lac, etc.,
article 'India,' \-\. 34; 513-515. See
also Forest and jungle products.
Jungle rites in Hinduism, article ' India,'
vi. 206, 207.
Junnar, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, vii. 264.
Junona, ancient village in Central Pro-
vinces, vii. 264, 265.
Jurhi Singh, mutineer leader, repulsed
from Machhlishahr by the inhabitants
(1858), vii. 153.
Jute, Cultivation of, article ' India,' vi.
494, 495. Local notices — In Akola,
i. 143 ; Assam, i. 362 ; Bakarganj,
i. 445 ; Bengal, ii. 271, 303; Bogra,
iii. 29 ; Lower Burma, iii. 191 ; Chit-
tagong, iii. 439; Dacca, iv. 79, 82,
85 ; Darjiling, iv. 134 ; Dinajpur, iv.
294; Goalpara, v. 116; Godavari, v.
127 ; Hazaribagh, v. 375 ; Howrah,
V. 463 ; Hugh, V. 494 ; Jalpaiguri, vii.
113; Jessor, vii. 187; Khulna, viii.
207 ; Kuch Behar, viii. 323 ; Maiman-
singh, ix. 195, 196 ; Manbhum, ix.
283 ; Nadiya, x. 135 ; Noakhali, x.
347; Nowgong, x. 411; Pabna, x.
515, 516; Puri, xi. 306; Purniah, xi.
326 ; Rajshahi, xi. 433 ; Rangpur, xi.
496 ; Santal Parganas, xii. 232 ; Shah-
abad, xii. 329 ; the Sundarbans, xiii.
112; Sylhet, xiii. 151, 152 ; Tipperah,
xiii. 317 ; Twenty-four Parganas, xiii.
395-
Jute, Export of raw and manufactured,
article 'India,' vi. 495; 570, 571;
576; 615. Local notices — Centres of
jute trade, Baidyabati, i. 436 ; Chag-
dah, iii. 324 ; Chhalapak, iii. 394 ;
Chhanchia Mirganj, iii. 394; Dacca,
iv. 91 ; Gauripur, v. 42 ; Goalanda,
V. no ; Manikar Char, ix. 319 ;
Narainganj, x. 202 ; Patamari, xi. 80 ;
Purniah, xi. 332 ; Sambhuganj, xii.
189 ; Sherpur (Maimansingh), xii. 382 ;
Sirajganj, xii. 548-550 ; Subankhali,
xiii. 83 J Ula Kandi, xiii. 418.
Jute-mills, Steam, article ' India,' vi.
614-616. Local notices — Baranagar, ii.
123 ; in Bengal, ii. 309 ; Chittivalasa,
iii. 454 ; Howrah, v. 465 ; Vizaga-
patam, ix. 54 ; Sirajganj, xii. 549,
550 ; in the Twenty - four Parganas,
xiii. 397.
Jute - presses. Steam, at Narainganj, x.
202.
Jutogh, military station in Punjab, vii.
265.
K
Kabadak, river of Bengal, vii. 265.
Kabar, lake in Bengal, vii. 265.
Ka-baung, river in Burma, vii. 265.
Kabbal-durga, hill in Mysore, vii. 265,
266.
Kabbani. See Kapini.
Kabir, Vishnuite religious reformer (1380-
1420), claimed as a saint by both
Hindus and Muhammadans, article
' India,' vi. 208 ; his doctrines, vi.
218, 219 ; coalition of Vishnuism with
Islam, 219 ; Kabir's religious poetry,
34.5. Local notices — His followers, the
Kabirpanthis, iii. 313-315 ; his tomb
at Maghar, ix. 139; his doctrines, x.
442, 443-
172
INDEX.
Kabirpanthi's, or followers of Kabi'r, their
numbers in the Central Provinces, iii.
313 ; their religion and customs, iii.
S'fS'SlS; numerous in Chhatisgarh,
iii. 396 ; their priest lives at Kawarclha,
viii. 107 ; numerous in Raipur, xi.
372, 373 ;. Sagar, xii. 104 ; and Sam-
balpur, xii. 182.
ICabrai, town in N.-W. Provinces, vii.
266.
Kabul, principal Province of Afghanistan,
vii. 266, 267.
Kabul, capital of Afghanistan, vii. 267-
27s ; physical aspects, 267 ; bdzdrs,
269 ; inhabitants, etc., 271-275.
Kabul, river in Afghanistan, vii. 275, 277.
Kacharis. See Cacharis.
Kachchh. See Cutch.
Kachchh, Rann of. See Cutch.
Kachha Nagas, tribe in the Naga Hills,
X. 148.
Kachhandan, pargand in Oudh, vii. 277.
Kachhi Baroda, town and estate in
Central India, vii. 277.
Kachhis, or market gardeners, especially
numerous in Allahabad, i. 189 ; Broach,
iii. 103 ; Cawnpur, iii. 283 ; their con-
dition there, iii. 284, 2S5 ; Central
Provinces, iii. 317; Damoh, iv. Iio;
Etah, iv. 361 ; Fatehpur, iv. 426 ;
Jaunpur, vii. 155 ; Jhansi, vii. 222,
Kachhla, town in N.-W. Provinces, vii.
^277,278.
Kachola, town in Rajputana, vii. 278.
Kachua, village in Bengal, vii. 278.
Kachwakas, tribe of Rajputs, important
in Ajmere-Merwara, i. 123 ; Jalaun,
vii. 97 ; Rajputana, xi. 409, 410.
Kadaba, village and tdhik in Mysore
State, vii. 278.
Kadaiyanallur, town in Madras, vii. 278.
Kadalur. See Cuddalore.
Kadambas, dynasty which ruled in
Shimoga, with its capital at Banavasi,
xii. 400.
Kadana, State in Bombay, vii. 279,
Kadapa. See Cuddapah.
Kadattanad, chiefshipin Madras, vii. 279.
Kadava Kunbis, their peculiar marriage
customs, xiii. 437, 438.
Kaders, aboriginal tribe in the Anamalai
Hills, Madras, article ' India,' vi.
55- Local notices — In the Anamalai
Hills, i. 270 ; Coimbatore, iv. 17 ;
Nelliampati Hills, x. 260.
Kadi, petty division in Bombay, vii. 279,
280.
Kadi, town and Sub-division in Bombay,
vii. 280.
Kadihati, town in Bengal, vii. 280.
Kadipur, tahsilin Oudh, vii. 280, 281.
Kadirabad, town in the Deccan, vii. 281.
Kadiri,town and tdhtk in Madras, vii. 281.
Ka-do, village in Burma, vii. 281, 282.
Kadi'ir, District in Mysore, vii. 282-288 ;
physical aspects, 282, 283 ; history,
283, 284 ; population, 284-286; agricul-
ture, 286, 287 ; manufactures, 287 ; ad-
ministration, 288; medical aspects, 288.
Kadur, idluk in Mysore, vii. 288, 289.
Kadur, village in Mysore, vii. 289.
Kafara, town in Oudh, vii. 289.
Kafiristan, tract in Western Himalayas,
India, vii. 289-292.
Kafirkot, ruins in Punjab, vii. 292.
Kafirs, inaccessible people in Western
Himalayas, i. 45 ; vii. 290-292.
Kafur. Sec Malik Naib Kafur.
Kagal, State in Bombay, vii. 292, 293.
Kagal, town in Bombay, vii. 293.
Kagan, mountain valley in Punjab, vii,
293-
Kahan, river in Punjab, vii. 293.
Kahlgaon. See Colgong.
Kahlur, Hill State in Punjab, vii. 293,
Kahmuvan, lake in Punjab, vii. 294.
Kahror, town in Punjab, vii. 294, 295.
Kahiita, tahsll in Punjab, vii. 295.
Kaibarttas or Keuts, caste of fishermen,
especially numerous or otherwise re-
markable, in Assam, i. 355; Bengal, ii.
296 ; Bogra, iii. 28 ; Dinajpur, iv.
292 ; Howrah, v. 462 ; Hugh, v. 491 ;
Kamrup, vii. 359 ; Maldah, ix. 243 ;
Midnapur, ix. 427 ; Murshidabad, x.
25 ; Nadiya, x. 132 ; Rajshahi, xi. 432.
Kaidala, village in Mysore, vii. 295.
Kail. See Kayal.
Kailang, village in Punjab, vii. 295, 296.
Kailas, sacred mountain of the Hindus in
Tibet, vii. 296 ; from which the Indus,
Sutlej, and Brahmaputra all take their
rise, article ' India,' vi. 11, 13.
Kailashahr, town and Sub - division in
Bengal, vii. 296.
Kailwara, town in Rajputana, vii. 296.
Kaimahra, village in Oudh, vii. 296.
Kaimganj, fahsi'l in N.-W. Provinces,
vii. 296, 297.
Kaimganj, town in N.-W. Provinces, vii.
297, 298.
Kaimur, range of mountains in Central
India, vii. 298 ; nn offshoot of the
Vindhyas, article ' India,' vi. 35.
Kaira, District in Bombay, vii. 298-307 ;
physical aspects, 299 ; rivers, 299, 300 ;
minerals, 300 ; wild animals, 300 ;
history, 300. 301 ; population, 301-
303 ; agriculture, 303, 304 ; natural
calamities, 304 ; land tenures, 304,
305 ; trade, 305, 306 ; administration,
306, 307 ; medical aspects, 307.
Kaira, town in Bombay, vii. 307, 308.
Kairana, town in N.-P. Provinces, vii.
308.
INDEX.
if 3
Kaisar-jo-Tando, village in Sind, vii.
308, 309.
Kaithal, tahsil in Punjab, vii. 309.
Kaithal, ancient town in Punjab, vii.
309, 310.
Kaithan, town in Rajputana, vii. 310.
Kaiti, village in Madras, vii. 310.
Kajiiii, estate in Central India, vii. 310.
Kakair, town in Central Provinces, vii.
310-
Kakar, town and tdhik in Bombay, vii.
310, 311-
Kakarbai, village in N.-W. Provinces,
yii; 311-
Kakars, powerful Afghan tribe in
Afghanistan, i. 42 ; in the Bolan Pass,
iii. 35 ; in Pishin, x. 189, 190.
Kaka Sahib, celebrated shrine at the foot
of the Khatak Hills, viii. iSi.
Kakhyens, hill tribe in Upper Burma,
iii. 212.
Kakora, village in N. -W. Provinces, vii.
311-
Kakori, town and fargand in Oudh, vn.
3ii> 312.
Kakrala, town in N.-W. Provinces, vii.
312.
Kakraul, village in Bengal, vii. 312.
Kaksa, village in Bengal, vii. 312, 313.
Kakus, hill tribe in Upper Burma, iii.
213.
Kakwagiri, village in Assam, vii. 313.
Kalabagh, town and salt-mines in Pun-
jab, vii. 313, 314.
Kalachuryas, dynasty in Southern India,
under whom the Singayats become
predominant in Kanara, xii. 401.
Kaladgi, District in Bombay, vii. 314-
320; physical aspects, 314, 315; history,
315, 316; population, 316, 317; agri-
culture, 317, 318 ; natural calamities,
318, 319; manufactures, 319; admini-
stration, 319, 320 ; medical aspects,
320.
Kaladgi, town in Bombay, vii. 320.
Kalahandi. See Karond.
Kalahasti, taluk in Madras, vii. 320, 321.
Kalahasti, estate in Madras, vii. 321.
Kalahasti, town in Madras, vii. 321,
322.
Kalai, port in Bombay, vii. 322.
Kalakad, town in Madras, vii. 322.
Kala-Kusi, river in Bengal, vii. 322.
Kalale, village in Mysore, vii. 322.
Kalamb, town in Berar, vii. 322.
Kalanaur, town in Punjab, vii. 322.
Kalanaur, town in Punjab, vii. 323.
Kalang, river channel in Assam, vii. 323.
Kalan-Kot, historic fort in Bombay, vii.
323.
Kalanos, the Brahman at Alexander's
court, article ' India,' vi. 169.
Kalar or salt plains. See Usar plains.
Kalaroa, town in Bengal, vii. 323.
Kalasa, village in Mysore, vii. 323, 324.
Kalastri. See Kalahasti.
Kalat. See Khelat.
Kalawar, town in Bombay, vii. 324.
Ka-le-gauk, island in Burma, vii. 324.
Kalesar, forest reserve in Punjab, vii. 324.
Kalghatgi, town and Sub-division in
Bombay, vii. 324, 325.
Kalhatti, village in Madras, vii. 325.
Kalhora, The, dynasty, its history in
Shikarpur, xii. 388, 389 ; in Sind,
xii. 511-513.
Kali, the non- Aryan form of the wife
of Siva, article ' India,' vi. 211, 212.
Kali. See Gogra.
Kalia, village in Bengal, vii. 325.
Kaliabar, village in Assam, vii. 325.
Kalid-Chak, village in Bengal, vii. 325.
Kalianappa Subraya, leader of the Cauda
rebellion of 1837 in S. Kanara, vii.
378.
Kalianpur, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces,
vii. 325, 326.
Kali Baori, petty State in Central India,
vii. 326.
Kalibhanj, island in Orissa, vii. 326.
Kalidasa, Hindu poet and dramatist (56
B.C.), article 'India, vi. 125; his
drama of Sakimtald, vi. 126.
Kaliganj, village in Bengal, vii. 326.
Kaliganj, village in Bengal, vii. 326.
Kalighat, sacred village in Bengal, vii. 326.
Kalikot. See Calicut.
Kalimiyar Point. See Calimere.
Kalimpong. See Dalingkot.
Kali Nadi, East, river in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, vii. 327.
Kali Nadi, West, river in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, vii. 327.
Kalindi, river channel in Bengal, vii.
327, 328.
Kalindri, river in N. Bengal, vii. 328.
Kalinga, historic kingdom of S. India,
vii. 32S-330.
Kalingapatam, town and port in Madras,
vii. 330.
Kalingia, ghat or pass in Madras, vii.
330. 331-
Kalinjar, town and ruined hill fort in
N.-W. Provinces, vii. 331-337.
Kalinjera, town in Rajputana, vii. 337.
Kalipani, sacred spring in N.-W, Pro-
vinces, vii. 337.
Kali Sind, river in Central India, vii.
337;
Kalitas or Kultas, a caste, formerly priests,
and almost peculiar to Assam, numerous
or noteworthy in Assam, i. 354, 355 ;
Sambalpur and Bonai in the Central
Provinces, iii. 316 ; Darrang, iv. 145 ;
Eastern Dwars, iv. 332 ; Ghes, v. 73 ;
Godlpara, v. 115 ; Kamn'ip, vii. 359 ;
if4
INDEX.
Kharsal, viii. 1 68 ; Lakhimpur, viii.
430 ; Nowgong, x. 409, 410 ; Sibsagar,
xii. 464 ; .Sylhet, xiii. 148.
Kaljani, river in N. Bengal, vii. 337, 338.
Kalka, village in Punjab, vii. 338.
Kalladakurichi, town in Madras, vii. 338.
Kallakurchi, town and taluk in Madras,
vii. 338.
Kallars, demon-worshippers and robbers,
have their temple on Alagar Hill, i.
161 ; in Madras Presidency, ix. 20 ;
Madura, ix. 127.
Kalligal. See Collegal.
Kallicot, estate in Madras, vii. 338, 339.
Kallur, pass in Madras, vii. 339.
Kalmeshwar, town in Central Provinces,
vii. 339-
Kalna, town and Sub-division in Bengal,
vii. 339.
Kalni, river channel in Assam, vii. 340.
Kalol, town and Sub-division in Bombay,
vii. 340, 341.
Kalol, town and Sub-division in Baroda,
vii. 341.
Kalpi, historic town in N.-W. Provinces,
vi"i. 341-343-
Kalpi, village in Bengal, vii. 343.
Kalrayan, mountain range in Madras,
vii. 343-
Kalsi, town and talisil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, vii. 343, 344.
Kalsia, State in Punjab, vii. 344.
Kalsubai, hill in Bombay, vii. 344.
Kalu, river in Assam, vii. 344, 345.
Kalumbe, peak in Central Provinces, vii.
345;
Kalwa, headed rising of Gujars in Dehra
Dun (1824), iv. 172.
Kalwan, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, vii. 345.
Kalyan, Sub-division in Bombay, vii.
345. 346.
Kalyan, town in Bombay, vii. 346, 347.
Kalyanmal, /ar^a;;« in Oudh, vii. 347.
Kama, town in Rajputana. See Kaman.
Kama, township in Lower Burma, vii. 348.
Kama, town in Lower Burma, vii. 348,
349-
Kamadhia, State in Bombay, vii. 349.
Kamakhya, sacred hill in Kamnip Dis-
trict, Assam, vii. 349.
Kamakhya, range of hills in Nowgong
District, Assam, vii. 349.
Kamalapuram, town in Madras, vii. 349.
Kamalapuri, village in Madras, vii. 350.
Kamalganj, village in N.-W. Provinces,
vii. 350.
Kamalia. See Kot Kamalia.
Kamalpur, chiefship in Central India,
vii. 350.
Kamalpur, State in Kathiawar, vii. 350.
Kamalpur, village in N.-W. Provinces,
Vll.
550.
Kaman, town in Rajputana, vii.' 350, 351.
Kamarjani, village in Bengal, vii. 351.
Kamar-ud-din-nagar, historic village in
N.-W. Provinces, vii. 351.
Kamasin, tahsil and village in N.-W.
Provinces, vii. 351.
Kamatapur, historic city in N. Bengal,
vii. 351-
Kambam. See Cumbum.
Kambam, town in Madras, vii. 352. See
Cumbum.
Kambar, town and tdhik in Bombay, vii.
352.
Kamias, or serf-cultivators, in Hazaribagh,
^v. 376, 377;
Kamla, river in Behar, vii. 352, 353.
Kamlagarh, fort in Punjab, vii. 353.
Kamona, village in N.-W. Provinces,
^'"- 353-.
Kampil, village in N.-W. Provinces, vii.
353,. 354.
Kampli, town in Madras, vii. 354.
Kamptee. See Kamthi.
Kamrup, District in Assam, vii. 354-356 ;
physical aspects, 354, 355 '■> forests,
355 ; fauna, 355, 356 ; histor}', 356-
358 ; people, 358-361 ; material con-
dition of the people, 361, 362; agricul-
ture, 362, 363 ; manufactures, etc.,
363, 364; administration, 364, 365;
medical aspects, 365, 366.
Kamsoli INIoti and Kamsoli Nani, States
in Bombay, vii. 366.
Kanta Rajaula, State in Central India,
vii. 366.
Kamtaranala, State forest in Central Pro-
vinces, vii. 366.
Kamtha, village and estate in Central
Provinces, vii. 366.
Kamthi, town in Central Provinces, vii.
366, 367.
Kan. See Khan.
Kana-Damodar, watercourse in Bengal,
vii. 368.
Kanaigiri. See Kanigiri.
Kana-nadi, watercourse in Bengal, vii. 368.
Kanadagudi, town in Madras, vii. 363.
Kanapathia Gosains, sect of the Kum-
bhipathias in the Central Provinces,
iii. 316.
Kanara, Colonel, commanding Sikh artil-
lery, killed while defending Haripur
against insurgents (1849), Obelisk to,
at Haripur, v. 339.
Kanara, North, District in Bombay, vii.
368-375 ; physical aspects, 368-370 ;
history, 370; population, 370, 371;
agriculture, 371-373 ; commerce, etc.,
373; administration, 373, 374; medi-
cal aspects, 374, 375.
Kanara, South, District in Madras, vii.
375-384 ; physical aspects, 375-377 ;
history, 377, 378 ; population, 378-380;
INDEX.
175
agriculture, 380-382 ; communications,
382 ; commerce, 382 ; revenue history,
382, 383 ; administration, 383 ; medical
aspects, 383, 384.
Kanarak, historic temple in Orissa, vii.
384, 3S5.
Kanauj, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces, vii.
385, 386.
Kanauj, historic city in N.-W. Provinces,
vii. 386, 387 ; now deserted by the
Ganges, article ' India,' vi. 30 ; court
pageant at, in the 1 2th century, vi
276.
Kan-aung, town and township in Lower
Burma, vii. 'i^l, 388.
Kanbis. See Kunbis.
Kanchanjanga, mountain peak in the
Eastern Himalayas, vii. 388 ; article
' India,' vi. 5.
Kanchanjhau, lofty spur of the Hima-
layas, vii. 388.
Kancharapara, village in Bengal, vii.
388.
Kanchiang, river in Assam, vii. 388.
Kanchivaram. See Conjeveram.
Kandahar, Province in Afghanistan, vii.
389-398; history, 391-398; wrested
from the Mughal Empire during the
reign of Shah Jahan, article ' India,'
vi. 303 ; occupation of, during the first
Afghan war (1839), vi. 408; defeat
of Ayub Khan at, in the second war
(1880), vi. 427.
Kandapur, town and tdliik in Madras,
vii. 398, 399. . . _
Kandaras, semi - Hinduized aborigines,
and landless day-labourers in Cuttack,
iv. 69; Khandpara, viii. 160.
Kandarkha Khurd, town in Oudh, vii.
399-
Kandeli, town in Central Provinces, vii.
399-
Kandhla, town in N.-W. Provinces, vii.
399-
Kandh-mals, tract in Orissa, vii. 399,
400.
Kandhs, aboriginal tribe in Orissa and
Northern Madras, vii. 400-405 ; article
' India,' vi. 60-63 '■> their patriarchal
government, 60 ; wars and punishments,
and blood revenge, 60, 61 ; agriculture,
61 ; marriage by capture, 61 ; serfs
attached to their villages, 61, 62 ;
human sacrifices, 62 ; the Kandhs under
British rule, 62, 63. Local tioticcs —
Found in Bamra, ii. 42 ; Baramba, ii.
121 ; Bonai, iii. 86 ; Boirasambar, iii.
89 ; Bundare, account of a human sac-
rifice, iii. 150; in Cuttack, iv, 69;
Daspalla, iv. 154 ; Ganjam, v. 2, 4, 5 ;
Ghes, v. 73 ; Jaipur zamtnddri, vii. 62 ;
the Kandh-mals, vii. 399 ; Karond,
viii. 46, 47 ; Khandpara, viii. 160 ;
Loisinh, viii. 488 ; Narsinghpur, x.
225 ; Nayagarh, x. 257 ; Orissa Tribu-
tary States, X. 472-474 ; Patna State,
xi. 116; Raipur, xi. 371; Ranpur, xi.
510; Sambalpur,xii. 182; Vizagapatam,
xiii. 491.
Kandi, Sub-division in Bengal, vii. 405.
Kandi, town in Bengal, vii. 405, 406.
Kandiars, town and taluk in Bombay,
vii. 406.
Kandih. See Kandeli.
Kandrawan, town in Oudh, vii. 407.
Kandukur, town and taluk in Madras,
vii. 407.
Kaner, State in Kathiawar, vii. 407.
Kanera, village in Rajputana, viii. 407.
Kanets, hill tribe of Rajput cultivators,
in Chamba, iii. 329 ; Kotaha, viii. 309;
Kiilu, viii. 339 ; Lahul, viii. 421 ;
Simla, xii. 493 ; Sirmur, xii. 555.
Kangayam, town in Madras, vii. 407,
408.
Kangra, District in Punjab, vii. 408-427 ;
physical aspects, 408-411 ; forests, 41 1,
412; minerals, 412,413; fauna, 413,
414; history, 414, 417; population,
417, 418; social and material condi-
tion of the people, 418, 423 ; division
of the people into town and country,
423 ; agriculture, 423-425 ; commerce
and trade, communications, etc., 425,
426 ; administration, 426, 427 ; medi-
cal aspects, 427.
Kangra Proper, tract in Punjab, vii. 427,
429-
Kangra, tahsil in Punjab, vii. 429.
Kangra, town in Punjab, vii. 429, 430.
Kangundi, estate in Madras, vii. 430,
431-
Kangimdi, town in Madras, vii. 431.
Kan-g}'i-daung, town in Lower Burma,
^'"•431-
Kanhan, river in Central Provinces, vii.
431-
Kanhargaon, estate in Central Provinces,
vii. 431, 432.
Kanheri, hill in Central Provinces, vii.
432.
Kanigiri, town and taluk in Madras, vii.
432.
Kanishka, Buddhist king of N.-W. India
(40 A.D.), his great Council, article
' India,' vi. 147, 148; 175, 176; 178;
attended by Buddhist doctors from
Sravasti or Sahet Mahet, x. 484.
Kanjarapalli, town in Madras, vii. 432.
Kanjarda, State in Kathiawar, vii. 432,
433-
Kanjia, tract in Central Provmces, vii.
433-
Kanjikovil, town in Madras, vn. 433.
Kankanhalli, town and taluk in Mysore,
vii. 433> 434-
I 76
INDEX.
Kankar or nodular limestone, article
' India,' vi. 62S; 638. Local notices —
Found in Aligarh, i. 16S; Allahabad, i.
184 ; Amritsar, i. 255 ; Azamgarh, i,
393. 397 ; Ballia, ii. 18 ; Banda, ii. 47 ;
Bankura, ii. 79 ; Basti, ii. 209 ; Bijnaur,
ii. 429 ; Bikaner, ii. 441 ; Broach, iii.
102; Budaun, iii. 117; Bulandshahr,
iii. 132 ; Cambay, iii. 271 ; Cham-
paran, iii. 337 ; Chandausi, iii. 357 ;
Coimbatore, iv. 15; Dacca, iv. 78;
Dholpur, iv. 273 ; Etawah, iv. 370 ;
Girwa, v. 87 ; Gujrat, v. 189 ; Haidar-
abad State, v. 241; Harike, v. 338;
Jaipur, vii. 52 ; Jalandhar, vii. 84 ;
"jaunpur, vii. 15 1 ; Jhalawar, vii. 198;
Karan Khera, vii. 468 ; Khandesh, viii.
151 ; Kheri, viii. 190 ; Ludhiana, viii.
519; Monghyr, ix. 480 ; Montgomery,
ix. 494 ; Multan, x. 3 ; Murshidabad,
X. 21, 22 ; Muttra, x. 45 ; Muzaffargarh,
X. 57 ; Mysore, x. 91, 92 ; Narsinghpur,
X. 217; N. -W. Provinces, x. 396;
Oudh, X. 482 ; Partabgarh, xi. 69 ;
Patna, xi. 94 ; Peshawar, xi. 146 ;
Punjab, xi. 252 ; Purniah, xi. 321 ;
Saharanpur, xii. 1 14; Saran, xii. 252;
Shahabad, xii. 324 ; Shahjahanpur, xii.
344 ; Sialkot, xii. 441 ; Singhbhiim,
xii. 531 ; Sitapur, xiii. 30 ; Sultanpur,
xiii. 97 ; Tinnevelli, xiii. 298 ; Utraula,
xiii. 455 ; Wardha, xiii. 523.
Ranker, chiefship in Central Provinces,
vii. 434.
Kankhal, town in N.-W. Provinces, vii.
434-
Kankina, village in Bengal, vii. 434, 435.
Kankraoli, town in Rajputana, vii. 435.
Kankrej, State in Bombay, vii. 435.
Kanksiali, State in Kathiawar, vii. 435.
Kanksiali, river in Bengal, vii. 436.
Kankuppa, tdltik in Mysore, vii. 436.
Kanniir. See Cannanore.
Kanor, town in Rajputana, vii. 436.
Kanora, State in Bombay, vii. 436.
Kanpur Iswaria, State in Kathiawar, vii.
436-
Kansat, village in Bengal, vii. 436.
Kansbans, river in Orissa, vii. 436.
Kant, town in N.-W. Provinces, vii. 437.
Kantai, village in Bengal, vii. 437.
Kantal. See Bui Tul.
Kantha, town in Oudh, vii. 437.
Kan-tha. See Taung-gnu.
Kanthalpara, village in Bengal, vii. 437.
Kantharia, State in Bombay, vii. 437.
Kanthi. See Contai.
Kantilo, town in Orissa, vii. 437.
Kantur, town in Oudh, vii. 438.
Kanu, village in Bengal, vii. 438.
Kanum, town in Punjab, vii. 438.
Kanyagiri, taluk in Madras. See Kanigiri.
Kanyagiri, fort in Madras. See Kanigiri.
Kanzam, pass in Punjab, vii. 438.
Kaolin or porcelain clay, and potter's clay,
found in Bangalore, ii. 60 ; on the Bilin,
ii. 459 ; Chanda, iii. 349 ; Hassan, v.
346 ; South Kanara, vii. 376 ; Mysore,
X. 91 ; Sialkot, xii. 441 ; Wun, xiii. 539.
Kaorapukur, watercourse in Bengal, vii.
439-
Kapadwanj, town and Sub-division in
Bombay, vii. 439, 440.
Kapargadi, range of hills in Bengal, vii.
440.
Kapila, famous ascetic, who lived at
Hard war, v. 331.
Kapila, historic city in N.-W. Provinces,
vii. 440.
Kapileswarapuram, town in Madras, vii.
440.
Kapili, river in Assam, vii. 440, 441.
Kapilmuni, village in Bengal, vii. 441.
Kapini, river in S. India, vii. 441.
Kapurthala, Native State in Punjab, vii.
^44,1-443-
Kapurthala, town in Punjab, vii. 443.
Kara. See Karra.
Karachi, District in Sind, vii. 443-451 ;
physical aspects, 443-445 ; history, 446,
447 ; population, 447, 448 ; agriculture,
448, 449; commerce and trade, etc.,
449, 450 ; administration, 450 ; medical
aspects, 450, 451.
Karachi, tdhik in Sind, vii. 451, 452.
Karachi, town, port, and cantonment in
Sind, vii. 452-460; position, etc., 452,
453 ; chief buildings, 453, 454 ; history,
454, 455 ; population, 455 ; commerce
and trade, etc., 455-458 ; shipping, etc.,
458.. 459; municipality, etc., 459;
medical aspects, water-supply, etc.,
459, 460.
Karad, town and Sub-division in Bombay,
vii. 460.
Karagola, village in Bengal, vii. 460, 461 ;
large trading fair at, article ' India,' vi.
^ 596, 597. .
Karai, river in Behar, vii. 462.
Karaibari, forest tract in Assam, vii. 462.
Karaichutu, town in Madras, vii. 462.
Karaimadai, town in Madras, vii. 462.
Karajgaon, town in Berar, vii. 462.
Karajgi, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, vii. 462, 463.
Karakal, town in Madras, vii. 463.
Karakat Vellalars, tribe on the Palni
Mountains, their manners and customs,
xi. 18.
Karakoram Pass, between India and
Eastern Turkistan, vii. 463, 464 ; on
the trading route from the Punjab,
article 'India,' vi. 6.
Karamnasa, river in Bengal, vii. 464, 465,
Karanbas, town in N.-W. Provinces, vii.
465-
INDEX.
177
Karangiili, town in Madras, vii. 465, 466.
Karanja, island in Bombay, vii. 466, 467.
Karanja, port and customs division in
Bombay, vii. 467.
Karanja, town in Central Provinces, vii.
467, 468.
Karanja, town in Berar, vii. 468.
Karan Khera, village in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, vii. 468.
Karanpura, coal-field in Bengal, vii. 468,
469.
Karans, caste in Orissa, equivalent to
Kayasths. See Kayasths.
Karatoya, river in N. Bengal, vii. 469.
Karattanad, chiefship in Madras, vii.
469-
Karauli, Native State in Rajputana, vii.
469-474 ; physical aspects, 469, 470 ;
geology, 470, 471 ; forest and jungle
products, 471; fauna, 471, 472;
population, 472 ; agriculture, 472, 473 ;
manufactures and trade, 473 ; ad-
ministration, 473; climate, etc., 473;
history, 474.
Karauli, capital of State in Rajputana,
vii. 474, 475.
Karchhana, tahsil in X.-W. Provinces,
vii. 475, 476.
Karchhana, village in X. -^^ . Provinces,
vii. 476, 477-
Kardong, village in Punjab, vii. 477.
Karens, semi-aboriginal tribe in Burma
andSiam, viii. 1-7 ; article ' India,' vi.
71. Local notices — Their numbers
in Amherst, i. 238, 242 ; Bassein, ii.
196 ; in Lower Burma, iii. 177 ; their
houses, iii. 179 ; marriage customs, iii.
181 ; numbers, iii. 182 ; origin, iii.
184; Christianity among, iii. 186; in
the forests, iii. 203 ; in Henzada, v.
3S6 ; their clans, viii. 3 ; in Prome, xi.
230 ; Rangoon, xi. 476, 477 ; Salwin
Hill Tracts, xii. 175 ; Shwe-g}in, xii.
431 ; Taung-ngu, xiii. 223 ; Tavoy,
xiii. 231 ; Tharawadi, xiii. 272 ; Thon-
gwa, xiii. 290.
Karen-ni, plateau in Burma, viii. 7.
Karhal, tahsil in X.-W. Provinces, viii.
Karharbari, coal-field in Bengal, viii.
8, 9 ; article ' India,' vi. 637.
Kariana, petty State in Kathiawar, viii. 9.
Karigatta, hill in Mysore, viii. 9.
Karikal, French settlement and town in
Madras, viii. 9-II.
Karimganj, village and Sub-division in
Assam, viii. 11.
Karimganj, village in Bengal, viii. 11.
Karjat, town and Sub-division in Bombay,
viii. II, 12.
Karjat, Sub-division in Bombay, viii.
12, 13- .
Kaijat, town in Bombay, viii. 13.
VOL. XIV.
Karkal. See Karakal.
Karkamb, town in Bombay, viii. 13.
Karkur, hill pass in Madras, viii. 13.
Karli, cave temple in Bombay, viii. 13-16.
Karma, Buddhist doctrine of, article
' India,' vi. 141, 142.
Karma, town in X.-W. Provinces, viii.
16.
Karmala, Sub-division in Bombay, viii.
16.
Karmala, town in Bombay, viii. 17.
Karmar, State in Kathiawar, viii. 17.
Karnagarh, hill in Bengal, viii. 17, 18.
Karnal, District in Punjab, viii. 18-27 ;
physical aspects, 18-20 ; history, 20-22 ;
population, 22, 23 ; division of the
people into town and country, 23 ;
agriculture, 24, 25 ; commerce and
trade, etc., 25, 26 ; administration,
26, 27 ; medical aspects, 27.
Karnal, tahsil in Punjab, viii. 28.
Karnal, town in Punjab, viii. 28, 29.
Karnala, hill fort in Bombay, viii. 29,
3°-
Karnaphuli, river in E. Bengal, viii. 30.
Karnatik or Carnatic, name given to the
Tamil country, viii. 30-32 ; historj',
31 ; origin and use of the name, 31,
32 ; English and French wars in, rival
English and French candidates for
the throne of Arcot (1746-61), article
' India,' vi. 379, 390.
Karnprayag, village in X. -W. Provinces,
viii. 32.
Karniil, District in Madras, viii. 32-44 ;
physical aspects, 32-36 ; rivers, 34 ;
geology, 34, 35 ; forests, 35 ; wild
animals, 35, 36 ; population, 36, 37 ;
agriculture, 37, 38 ; tenures, 39 ;
natural calamities, 39-41 ; industries,
41 ; commerce, 41 ; roads, 41 ; history,
41-43; revenue history, 43, 44;
administration, 44 ; education, 44 ;
medical aspects, 44, 45.
Karnul, town in Madras, viii. 45.
Karniil Canal, purchased by Government
from the Miadras Irrigation Company,
article ' India,' vi. 536, 537. _
Karo, Xorth, river in Bengal, viii. 45.
Karo, South, river in Bengal, viii. 45.
Karol, State in Bombay, viii. 45, 46.
Karond, chiefship in Central Provinces,
viii. 46, 47.
Karor, tahsil in X'.-W. Provinces, viii.
47, 48.
Karor, town in Punjab, viii. 48.
Karor. See Kahror.
Karra, town in X.-W. Provinces, viii.
48, 49.
Karrak, salt-mine in Punjab, viii. 49.
Karsiang, town and Sub-division in Ben-
gal, viii. 49.
Kartabhajas, a reformed Vishunite sect
M
178
INDEX.
around Calcutta, article 'India,' vi.
223. Localnotices — In Nadiya, x. 133;
Sylhet, xiii. 148, 149.
Kartairi, river in Madras, viii. 49, 50.
Kartak. See Dang States.
Kartarpur, town in Punjab, viii. 50.
Karumattampati, town in Madras, viii.
5°-
Karumattur, town in Madras, viii. 50.
Karumbhar, island in Cutch, viii. 50, 51-
Karun, river in Central Provinces, viii.
Karungalaikudi, village in Madras, viii.
Ka-rup-pi, village in Burma, viii. 51.
Karur, town and tdlitk in Madras, viii.
Karoir, town in Bombay, viii. 52.
Karvvaitnagar, estate in Madras, viii. 52,
53- .
Karwaitnagar, town in Madras, viii. 53.
Karwar, Sub-division in Bombay, viii.
53' ,54-
Karwar, town and port in Bombay, viii.
54-56 ; history, 54-56.
Karwars, palanquin-bearers, the most
numerous low caste in Gonda, v. 150.
Karwi, town. Sub-division, and tahsil in
N.-\V. Provinces, viii. 56, 57.
Kasai, river in Bengal, viii. 57.
Kasalang, river in Bengal, viii. 57.
Kasalang, village in Bengal, viii. 57, 58.
Kasaraghat. See Thalghat.
Kasaragod, town and tAlitk in Madras,
viii. 58.
Kasauli, hill station and cantonment in
Punjab, viii. 58, 59-
Kasba. Sec Jessor.
Kasba, village in Bard win, Bengal, viii. 59.
Kasba, town in Purniah, Bengal, viii. 59.
Kasbatas, tdhtkdar class in Ahmadabad,
i. 1S9.
Kasganj, town and tahsil in N.-\V. Pro-
vinces, viii. 59, 60.
Kashmir and Jamu, Native State, viii.
60-78 ; history, 60-62 ; physical aspects,
62 - 69 ; mountains, 63, 64 ; rivers,
64-67 ; minerals, 67 ; wild animals,
68, 69 ; population, 69, 7° > chief
towns, 70, 71 ; languages, 71 ; flora,
71, 72; agriculture, 72, 73; famine,
73 ; manufactures, 73-75 ; coinage, 75 ;
climate, 75, 76 ; medical aspects, 76 ;
administration — law and justice, 76,
77 ; revenue, 77, ']'&.
Kashmir shawls. Weaving of, article
' India,' vi. 603.
Kashmiris, numerous in Amritsar, i. 258 ;
Gilghit, V. 81 ; Gurdaspur, v. 209 ;
Hazara, v. 363 ; Himalaya mountains,
v. 412; Jehlani, vii. 170; Kila Sobha
Singh, viii. 217; Lucknow, viii. 516;
Ludhiana, viii. 521, 526 ; Peshawar,
xi. 151 ; Punjab, xi. 273 ; Rawal Pindi,
xii. 27 ; Sialkot, xii. 444.
Kashmor, town and tahtk in Sind, viii.
Kashpur, village in Assam, viii. 79.
Kasia, village in N.-W. Provinces, viii.
79-, ...
Kasiari, village in Bengal, viii. 79.
Kasijora, village in Bengal, viii. So.
Kasim. See Mir Kasini.
Kasimbazar, historic town in Bengal,
viii. 80, 81 ; Company's factory estab-
lished at (1658), article ' India,' vi.
369 ; the chief emporium of the Gan-
getic trade in the iSth century, vi. 380.
Kasim Khan, general of Aurungzeb,
occupied Bangalore {1687), ii. 61.
Kasimkota, town in Madras, viii. 81, 82.
Kasipur, town and tahsil in N. -W. Pro-
vinces, viii. 82.
Kasipur. See Cossipur.
Kasi Ram Das, Bengali poet, and trans-
lator of the Mahabharata (17th cen-
tury), vi. 351.
Kasla Paginu Muwadu, petty State in
Bombay, viii. 82.
Kasmandi Kalan, town in Oudh, viii. '&'}y.
Kassia. See Kasia.
Kasta, pargand in Oudh, viii. 83.
Kasur, tahsil in Punjab, viii. S3, 84.
Kasi'ir, town in Punjab, viii. 84, 85.
Katahra, town in N.-\V. Provinces, viii.
85-
Katak. See Cuttack.
Katakhal, river channel in Assam, viii.
85.
Katal, tract of country in N. Bengal, viii.
85, 86.
Katalgarh, town in N.-W. Provinces,
viii. 86.
Katangi, estate in Central Provinces,
viii. 86.
Katangi, State forest in Central Provinces,
viii. 86.
Katangi, village in Central Provinces,
viii. 86.
Katanis, silk - weavers and silkworm
breeders in Assam, i. 356 ; Kamnip,
vii. 359-
Katas, sacred fountain in Punjab, viii.
86, 87.
Katera. See Katahra.
Kathi, petty State in Bombay, viii. 87.
Kathiawar, peninsula in Bombay, viii. 88.
Kathiawar, Political Agency in Bombay,
viii. S8-97 ; physical aspects, 89, 90 ;
history, 90-92 ; population, 92, 93 ;
administration, 93, 94 ; communica-
tions, 94, 95 ; agriculture, commerce,
trade, etc., 95-97.
Kathin'n-, town in Madras, viii. 97.
Kathiwara, petty chiefship in Central
India, viii. 97.
INDEX.
179
Kalhkans, hill tribe in Bombay: — Janjira,
vii. 138; Kolaba, viii. 265; Matheran
Hill, ix. 364.
Kathmandu. See Khatmandu.
Kathna, river in N.-W. Provinces,
viii. 98.
Kathodis, wandering tribe in Bombay: —
Ahmadnagar, i. lOO ; Nasik, x. 231 ;
Poona, xi. 205.
Kathrota, petty State in Bombay, viii. 98.
Katiari, pargami in Oudh, viii. 98.
Katigora, village in Assam, viii. 99.
Katipara, village in Bengal, viii. 99.
Katjuri, river in Orissa, viii. 99.
Katna, river in Bengal, viii. gg.
Katoghan, village in N.-W. Provinces,
viii. gg.
Katol, town and tahsil in Central Pro-
vinces, viii. gg, 100.
Katoria, petty State in Kathiawar, viii.
100.
Katosan, petty State in Bombay, viii.
100.
Katra, village in N.-W. Provinces, viii.
100.
Katra, town in Bengal, viii. 100, loi.
Katra Medniganj, town in Oudh, viii.
lOI.
Kattywar. See Kathiawar.
Katua. See Parwan.
Katumbar, town and tahsil in Rajputana,
viii. loi.
Katwa, town and Sub-division in Bengal,
viii. loi, 102.
Katyar, village in Bombay, viii. 102.
Kaundha, town in Oudh, viii. 103.
Kauniya, village in Bengal, viii. 103.
Kauravas, their quarrel and struggle with
the five Pandavas, as related in the
Mahabharata, vi. iig, 120.
Kauriala, river in Tibet, viii. 103.
Kauriya, village and tahsil in Central
Provinces, viii. 103, 104.
Kavai, town in Madras, viii. 104.
Kavale-durga, taluk in Mysore, viii. 104.
Kavale-durga, hill in Mysore, viii. 104,
Kavali, town and tahtk in Madras, viii.
Kavandappadi, town in Madras, viii.
Kaveri river. See Cauvery.
Kaveripak, town in Madras, viii. 105,
106.
Kaveripatam, town in Madras, viii. 106.
Kaveripuram, town in Madras, viii.
106.
Kavite, town in Madras, viii. 106.
Kawardha, petty State and town in Central
Provinces, viii. 106, 107.
Kaw-ka-dwut, village in Burma, viii.
Kaw-ka-reit, village in Burma, viii. 107.
Kayal, historic port in Madras, viii. 107,
108.
Kayalpatnam, town and port in Madras,
viii. 108.
Kayan. Sec Ken.
Kayasths, or writer caste, particularly
numerous or otherwise noteworthy, in
Assam, i. 354 ; Bengal, ii. 2g6 ; Cal-
cutta, iii. 256 ; Dacca, iv. 83 ; Etah,
iv. 361 ; Etawah, iv. 373 ; Jessor, vii.
186 ; Kalia, vii. 325 ; Kampil, vii.
353 ; Katipara, viii. gg ; Maiman
singh, ix. 194; Rangpur, xi. 494;
Saran, xii. 253 ; Sylhet, xiii. 148.
Kaye, Sir J. W. , History of the Indian
Mzitiny, quoted, on the defence of
Arrah, i. 333, 334 ; the mutiny at Bar-
rackpur, ii. 176.
Kayenkolam, seaport in Madras, viii.
108.
Kazipara, village in Bengal, viii. loS.
Keane, Lord, his campaign in Afghan-
istan, i. 50 ; took Ghazni (1839), v. 72 ;
his conduct in Sind, xii. 514.
Keating, Colonel, his campaign in Gujarat
with Raghuba, ii. 162.
Keatinge, Colonel R. H., his reforms in
Kathiawar (1863), viii. 92 ; discovered
fossils in West Malwa, ix. 269 ; im-
proved Mandlesar, ix. 308 ; Chief
Commissioner of Assam (1878), x.
145 ; his behaviour at Nimar (1857), x.
331; his arrangement between the Jains
and the chief of Palitana, xi. 3.
Kedar Ganga, mountain torrent in N.-W.
Provinces, viii. 109.
Kedar Kanta, mountain peak in N.-W.
Provinces, viii. 109.
Kedarmath, temple in N.-W. Provinces,
viii. 109.
Kedgeree, village in Bengal, viii. log,
no.
Kediwari, largest mouth of the Indus,
viii. no.
Keeling, assisted the Zamorin of Calicut
against Cochin (1616), in order to
establish an English factory there,
iv. 12.
Keene, H. G., his account of the battle
of Panipat (1764), quoted, xi. 45-47;
his biography of George Thomas re-
ferred to, xii. 266.
Keitha, village in N.-W. Provinces, viii.
no.
Kekri, town in Rajputana, viii. no.
Keladi, village in Mysore, viii. 1 10.
Kelapur, taluk in Berar, viii. in.
Iveljhar, village in Central Provinces,
viii. in.
Kelly, Col., invaded and conquered the
Baramahal (i7go, I7gi), xii. 155.
Kelly, Sir R. D., cleared Azamgarh of
mutineers (1858), i. 3g5.
i8o
INDEX.
Kelod, town in Central Provinces, viii.
III.
Kelsi, creek in Bombay, viii. iii.
Kelsi, port in Bombay, viii. ill, 112.
Kelva. Sec Alahim.
Ken, river in the N.-W. Provinces, viii.
112.
Kenchengiulda, town in Madras, viii.
112, 113.
Kenda, estate in Central Provinces, viii.
"3-
Kendrapara, town and Sub-division in
Orissa, viii. 1 13.
Kendrapara Canal, branch of Orissa
Canal system, viii. 113, 114.
Kenduli, village in Bengal, viii. 114.
Kengeri, village in Mysore, viii. 114,
"5-
Kennedy, Lieut., assistant political agent,
Simla Hill Tracts, built first house at
Simla (1824), xii. 496.
Kennet, Rev. Dr., St. Thomas the
Apostle of India, quoted, vi. 233
(footnote 3) ; 235 (footnote) ; 237
(footnote 4) ; 239 (footnote i).
Keobrang, pass in Punjab, viii. 115.
Keonthal, Hill State in Punjab, viii.
115, 116.
Kera, village in Cutch, viii. 116, 117.
Kerala. See Chera.
Kerowlee. See Karauli.
Kerur, town in Bombay, viii. 117.
Kesabpur, town in Bengal, viii. 117.
Kesari or Lion dynasty, in Orissa, x. 429.
Kesaria, petty State in Bombay, viii.
117, iiS.
Kesariya, village in Bengal, viii. 118.
Kesbab Chandra Sen, leader of the
Brahmos, ii. 290 ; his daughter mar-
ried to the Maharaja of Kuch Behar,
viii. 322.
Keshava Das, Hindi poet of the i6th
century, and composer of the Ram-
chandrika, vi. 345.
Keslabori, village in Central Provinces,
viii. 118.
Kesod, town in Kathiawar, viii. 118.
Keti, town and port in Bombay, viii.
I18-120.
Keukuchi, halting-place in Punjab, viii.
120.
Keunjhar, State in Orissa, viii. 120, 121.
Keunthal. See Keonthal.
Keuts. See Kaibarttas.
Kewani, river in Oudh, viii. 120.
Keys, Mr., first explored the Nilgiri
Hills (1814), X. 303.
Khab, village in Punjab, viii. 121, 122.
Khabul, village in Punjab, viii. 122.
Khadki. See Kirki.
Khaga, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, viii. 122.
Khagan, valley in Punjab. Sec Kagan.
Khagaul, town in Bengal, viii. 122.
Khaghoria, village in Bengal, viii. 122,
123.
Khagrapara, village in Assam, viii. 123.
Khaibar, pass in Afghanistan, viii. 123-
127 ; article ' India,' vi. 6.
Khair, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, viii. 127.
Khairabad, town and pargand in Oudh,
viii. 128.
Khairabad, river in Bengal, viii. 129.
Khairagarh, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces,
viii. 129.
Khairagarh, village in N.-W. Provinces,
viii. 130.
Khairagarh, tow-n and Native State in
Central Provinces, viii. 130.
Khairi, estate in Central Provinces, viii.
"3.1:
Khairigarh, village and pargana in Oudh,
viii. 131, 132.
Khairi-Murat, range in Punjab, viii. 132.
Khairpur, Native State in Upper Sind,
viii. 132-137; physical aspects, 133,
134 ; population, 135 ; trade and
manufactures, etc., 135, 136 ; agri-
culture, 136 ; administration, 136, 137 ;
medical aspects, 137.
Khairpur, town in Bombay, viii. 137, 138.
Khairpur, town in Punjab, viii. 138.
Khairpur Dharki, town in Bombay, viii.
13.8. 139-
Khairpur Juso, village in Bombay, viii.
139-
Khairpur Natheshah, village in Bombay,
viii. 139-
Khajaks, Pathan tribe in Sibi, xii. 456.
Khajauli, village in Bengal, viii. 139.
Khajri, estate in Central Provinces, viii.
'3.9-
Khajuha, town in N.-W. Provinces, viii.
139, 140.
Khajura, village in Bengal, viii. 140.
Khajurahra, town in Oudh, viii. 140.
Khajurahu, historic town in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, viii. 140, 141.
Khajuri. See Kajuri.
Khakereru, village and tahsil in N.-W.
Provinces, viii. 141.
Khalari, village in Central Provinces,
viii. 141.
Khalilribad, village and tahsil in N.-W.
Provinces, viii. 141.
Khaling Dwar, forest reserve in Assam,
viii. 142.
Khambhala, petty State in Bombay, viii.
142.
Khambhalia, town in Kathiawar, viii.
142.
Khamblao, petty State in Bombay, viii.
142.
Khamgaon, tdlitk in Berar, viii. 142, 143,
Khamgaon, town in Berar, viii. 143, 144.
INDEX.
i8i
Khamti Hill.^, tract of country on frontier
of Assam, viii. 144-146. For Khamtis,
see also Assam, i. 351 ; Lakhimpur,
viii. 429, 431.
Khan, river in Central India, viii. 146.
Khanapur, town and Sub - division in
Bombay, viii. 146, 147.
Khanapur, Sub-division in Bombay, viii.
Khan Bahadur, f^randson of Hafiz Rah-
niat Khan, leader of the Rohilla
mutineers ( 1S57 ), organized a go-
vernment at Bareilly, ii. 140 ; in power
in Pilibhit, xi. 173.
Khanbalia, town in Punjab, viii, 147.
Khandaits, numerous caste in Balasor,
ii. 6 ; Cuttack, iv. 69 ; Keunjhar, viii.
120; Orissa, x. 435 ; Puri, xi. 303.
Khandala, sanitarium in Bombay, viii.
_I47-^
\\\\kx\^ixi%-s., pargand in Oudh, viii. 147,
148.
Khandauli, village in Bengal, viii. 148.
Khandauli, tahsil in N.-VV. Provinces,
viii. 1 48, 149.
Khandela, town in Rajputana, viii. 149.
Khandesh, Annexation of, to the Mughal
Empire by Akbar, vi. 294.
Khandesh, District in Bombay, viii. 149-
159; physical aspects, 149-151 ; geo-
logy, 151; history, 151-153; popula-
tion, 153-155; language, 155; agri-
culture, 155, 156; attempts at land
reclamation, 156, 157 ; industries, 157 ;
natural calamities, 157, 158 ; admini-
stration, 158; climate, 158, 159.
Khandgiri, hill in Orissa, viii. 159.
Khandgosh, village in Bengal, viii. 160.
Khandia, petty State in Bombay, viii. 160.
Khandpara, Native State in Orissa, viii.
160, 161.
Khandtarn, town in Bengal, viii. 161.
Khandvva, town and tahsil in Central
Provinces, viii. 161.
Khangarh, town in Punjab, viii. 162, 163.
Khania-dhana, petty State in Central
India, viii. 163.
Khania-dhana, town in Central India,
viii. 163.^
Khan Jahan, his tomb at Bagherhat
(1459), i. 417 ; his attempts to reclaim
the Sundarbans, xiii. 110.
Khan Jahan, general of Aurungzeb, took
and plundered Ilaidarabad (16S6), v.
256.
Khanna, town in Punjab, viii. 163.
Khanpur, village in Bombay, viii. 163,
164.
Khanpur, town in Punjab, viii. 164.
Khanua, village in Rajputana, viii. 164.
Khanwahan, village in Bombay, viii. 164.
Khanwah Canal, irrigation work in Pun-
jab, viii. 164, 165.
Khanzadahs, Muhammadan class in Raj-
putana, xi. 41 1.
Khapa, town in Central Provinces, viii.
^I65;
Kharaila, town in N.-W. Provinces, viii.
,165.
Kharakpur, town in Bengal, viii. 165.
Kharak Singh, successor of Ranjit Singh,
repaired Khanwah Canal, viii. 164 ;
his reign (1839-40), xi. 264, 265.
Kharal, petty State in Bombay, viii. 166.
Kharar, town and tahsil in Punjab, viii.
166.
Kharda, town in Bombay, viii. 166, 167.
Khardah, village in Bengal, viii. 167.
Kharela. See Kharaila.
Khargon, town in Central India, viii. 167.
Khari, village in Bengal, viii. 167.
Kharian, tahsil in Punjab, viii. 167.
Khariar, estate in Central Provinces, viii.
^67.^
Khariar, village in Central Provinces,
viii. 168.
Kharkhanda, town in Punjab, viii. 168.
Kharmatar, village in Bengal, viii. 16S.
Kharod, town in Central Provinces, viii.
16S.
Kharsal, estate in Central Provinces, viii.
168, 169.
Kharsawan, petty State in Bengal, viii.
169.
Kharshan. See Karsiang.
Kharsi Jiialaria, estate in Central India,
viii. 169.
Kharsua, river in Orissa, viii. 169.
Kharturi, town in Bengal, viii. 169.
Kharwars, aboriginal tribe, numerous in
Cuttack, iv. 69 ; Dinajpur, iv. 292 ;
Gaya, v. 46 ; Hazaribagh, v. 373 ;
Lohardaga, viii. 480 ; Maldah, ix. 243 ;
Manbhum, ix. 280 ; Midnapur, ix.
427; Mirzapur, ix. 456; Narsinghpur,.
X. 220 ; Orissa, x. 436 ; Raipur, xi.
372 ; Sambalpur, xii. 182 ; Santal
Parganas, xii. 229 ; Shahabad, xii.
327 ; Singhbhum, xii. 535.
Khasaura, town in Oudh, viii. 169.
Khasi and Jaintia Hills, District in Assam,
viii. 169-180; history, 170-172; physical
aspects, 172, 173; natural phenomena,
174; people, 174; the Khasis, 174,
175 ; condition of the people, 175, 176;
agriculture, 176, 177 ; commerce, 177,
17S; administration, 178, 179; medical
aspects, 179, 180.
Khasias, principal Hindu tribe in Kumaun,
"''■'• 353-
Khasis, al^original tribe in Assam, article
' India,' vi. 71 (footnote). Local notices
- — Assam, i. 351 ; Kamrup, vii. 355 ;
Khasi Hills, viii. 174-179; Sylliet,
xiii. 149.
Khasor. See Khisor.
l82
INDEX.
Khatak Hills, range in Punjab, viii. i8o,
i8i.
Khataks, tribe in Afghanistan, i. 42 ;
Bannu, ii. 92 ; Kohat, viii. 243-245,
246 ; Teri, xiii. 243.
Khatas, Sub-division in Bombay, viii.
181.
Khatauli, town in N.-W. Provinces, viii.
181.
Khatmandu, capital of Nepal, viii. 181-
Khattris. See Trading castes.
Khazi Abdul Kadu, minister of Sher AH,
his estimate of the population of Herat,
^ V. 392.
Khed, town and Sub-division in Ratnagiri
District, Bombay, viii. 185, 186.
Khed, town and Sub-division in Poona
District, Bombay, viii. 186.
Khejiri. See Kedgeree.
Khekera, town in N.-W. Provinces, viii.
1S7.
KheLit, Independent State in Baluchistan,
viii. 187.
Khelat, capital of State in Baluchistan,
viii. 187, 188.
Khem Karn, town in Punjab, viii. 188.
Khem Sawant Rai Bahadur, chief of
Sawantwari (1755-1803), his history,
xii. 298.
Kheradi Surmul, Bhil teacher in Mahi
Kantha, his doctrines, ix. 178.
Kherali, petty State in Kathiawar, viii.
188, 189.
Kheralu, town in Bombay, viii. 1S9.
Kheri, District in Oudh, viii. 189-198 ;
physical aspects, 1S9-191; history, 191 ;
population, 191-193 ; agriculture, 193-
195 ; natural calamities, 195 ; roads,
manufactures, trades, etc., 195, 196;
administration, 196, 197 ; climate,
197 ; medical aspects, 197, 198.
Y<^\&x\, pargana in Oudh, viii. ig8, 199.
Kheri, town in Oudh, viii. 199.
Kherkeria, village in Assam, viii. 199.
Kherna, seaport in Bombay, viii. 199.
Khetri, chiefship and town in Rajputana,
viii. 199, 200.
Kheura. See Mayo Mines.
Khiaodah, petty State in Central India,
viii. 200.
Khijadia Naganis, petty State in Kathia-
war, viii. 200.
Khijaria, State in Bombay, viii. 200.
Khijaria, petty State in Kathiawar, viii.
200.
Khilchipur, State in Central India, viii.
200.
Khilchipur, town in Central India, viii.
200, 201.
Khilji dynasty. The (1290- 1320), article
'India,' vi. 280-283; Jalal-ud-din
(1290-95), 280; Ala -ud- din (1295-
1315), 281, 282; Mughal mercenaries
and Hindu revolts, 2S2, 283 ; Khusru,
renegade Hindu Emperor (1316-20),
282, 2S3.
Khimlasa, town in Central Provinces,
viii. 201.
Khindoli. See Khandauli.
Khipra, town and taluk in Bombay, viii.
201, 202.
Khirasra, petty State in Bomljay, viii.
202.
Khiron, town and parganti in Oudh, viii.
202.
Khirpai, village in Bengal, viii. 203.
Khisor Hills, range in Punjab, viii. 203,
204.
Khojahs, IMuhammadan class in Bombay
Presidency, iii. 52, city, iii. 81.
Kholapur, town in Berar, viii. 204.
Kholpetua, river in Bengal, viii. 204.
Khora, village in Bombay, viii. 204.
Khoshab. See Khushab.
Khudabad, historic town in Bombay, viii.
204.
Khugianis, tribe in Afghanistan, i. 42.
Khudian, town in Punjab, viii. 204, 205.
Khujji, estate in Central Provinces, viii.
^205.^
Khulna, District in Bengal, viii. 205-209;
physical aspects, 205, 206 ; history,
206 ; papulation, 206 ; towns and
villages, 206, 207 ; occupations, 207 ;
agriculture, 207, 208 ; national cala-
mities, 208 ; commerce and trade, 208 ;
administration, 208, 209 ; medical
aspects — climate, 209; diseases, 209 ;
medical institutions, 209.
Khulna, Sub-division in Bengal, viii.
209, 210.
Khulna, town in Bengal, viii. 210.
Khumber. See Kumbher.
Khum, port and lighthouse in Bombay,
viii. 210.
Khund, valley in Punjab, viii. 210.
Khundalu, lake in Punjab, viii. 21 1.
Khurdha, town and Sub - division in
Orissa, viii. 21 1.
Khurja, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, viii. 211, 212.
Khushab, tahsil m. Punjab, viii. 212, 213.
Khushab, town in Punjab, viii. 213, 214.
Khusru Khan, renegade Hindu Emperor
of the Khilji dynasty (1316-20), article
' India,' vi. 282, 2S3.
Khusru, son of the Emperor Jahangir,
died and is buried at Allahabad, i. 196 ;
rebelled at Lahore, viii. 415.
Khutahan, town and tahsil in N.-W.
Provinces, viii. 214.
Khutgaon, estate in Central Provinces,
viii. 214, 215.
Khwa. See Kwa.
Khyins. Sec Chins.
INDEX.
183
Khyoung-tshun. See Kyanng-sun.
Khyrim, petty State in Assam, viii. 215.
Kiamari, island forming harbour of
Karachi, Sind, viii. 215.
Kiching, village in Orissa, viii. 215.
Kidd, Capt., sacked Calicut (1695), i'^-
270.
Kidderpur, village in Bengal, viii. 216.
Kiernander, Danish Protestant missionary,
vi. 260 ; built Old Mission Church,
Calcutta, iii. 252 ; his history, iii. 252.
Kiggat-nad, tdliik in S. India, viii. 216.
Kilakarai, seaport in Madras, viii. 216.
Kilang. See Kolang.
Kila Sobha Singh, town in Punjab, viii.
216, 217.
Kilat-i-Ghilzai, town in Afghanistan, i.
34, 35-.
Kiling, river in Assam, viii. 217.
Kiliyar, river in ]Madras, viii. 217.
Killianwala. Sec Chilianwala.
Kilpuri, tahsil in N.-\V. Provinces, viii.
217.
Kimedi, hill tract in Madras, viii. 217-219.
Kimiria, river in Orissa, viii. 219.
Kimlia, pass in Punjab, viii. 219.
Kingfishers' skins, exported from Chitta-
gong, iii. 435.
Kindersley, Mr., discovered the Nilgiri
table-land (1819), x. 303.
Kineer, Major, his failure to take Gingi
(1752), V. 84.
Kinhi, estate in Central Provinces, viii.
219.
Kinloch, Captain, his march into Nepal,
..''• 285-
Kin-rwa, village in Burma, viii. 219.
Kiiakat, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, viii. 219, 220.
Kirantis, tribe on the Himalaya Moun-
tains, v. 413 ; in Nepal, x. 279.
Kiratpur, town in N.-W. Provinces, viii.
220.
Kirat Singh Bamraolia, Rana of Gohad,
his transactions with Sindia, and Lords
Wellesley and Cornwallis, iv. 277.
Kirki, town in Bombay, viii. 220, 221 ;
attack on, by the ]\Iarathas, repulsed
(1817), article ' India,' vi. 402.
Kirkpatrick, Colonel, on the revenues of
Nepal, X. 380 ; his list of Nepalese
princes, x. 284.
Kirli. See Dang States.
Kirnapur, estate in Central Provinces,
viii. 221.
Kirran, river in Punjab, viii. 221.
Kirthal, village in N.-W. Provinces, viii.
221.
Kirtibas Ojha, Sivaite religious poet of
the i6th century, vi. 349, 359.
Kirtinasa, river in Bengal, viii. 221,
222.
Kishangarh, Native State in Rajputana,
viii. 222, 223 ; history, 222 ; revenue,
agriculture, etc., 223.
Kishangarh, capital of State in Rajputana,
viii. 223, 224.
Kishen Bhat, founder of the Manbhau
sect at Ritpur, xii. 58.
Kishenganj, village in Bengal, viii. 224.
Kishni, town in Oudh, viii. 224.
Kisoriganj, town and Sub-division in
Bengal, viii. 224.
Kisoriganj, village in Bengal, viii. 225.
Kistawar, town in Kashmir, viii. 225.
Kistna, District in Madras, viii. 225-234;
physical aspects, 225, 226 ; forests,
226, 227 ; history, 227, 228 ; popula-
tion, 228-230 ; agriculture, 230, 231 ;
natural calamities, 231, 232 ; manu-
factures, etc., 232, 233; administration,
"^ZZ^ 234 ; medical aspects, 234.
Kistna, river of S. India, viii. 234-237.
Kistnapur, town in Madras, viii. 237.
Kistvaens, Builders of, in ancient India,
/^■. 53-
Kittur, town and fort in Bombay, viii.
.237,, 238.
Kizilbashis, non-Afghan tribe in Afghan-
istan, i. 42, 43.
Klaproth, quoted, on Lake Palti, v. 407 ;
the Irawadi, vii. 19.
Knox, Captain \V. D., his embassy to
Nepal and treaty (1802), x. 287.
Koch, aboriginal race in N. Bengal, viii.
238 ; vi. 1S7, 188. Local notices —
Numerous in Assam, i. 351 ; Bengal,
ii. 296 ; Bogra, iii. 28 ; Cachar, iii.
230 ; Dacca, iv. 83 ; Darjiling, iv.
133 ; Darrang, iv. 145 ; Dinajpur, iv.
.292 ; Eastern Dvvars, iv. 352 ; Garo
Hills, v. 28; Goalpara, v. 115; Jal-
paiguri, vii. in, 112; Kamriip, vii.
359 ; Kuch Behar, viii. 322, 323 ;
Lakhimpur, viii. 430 ; Maimansingh,
ix. 193 ; iNIaldah, ix. 243 ; Nadiya, x.
133 ; Nowgong, x. 409 ; Purniah, xi.
325, 326 ; Rangpur, xi. 493 ; Sibsagar,
xii. 463, 464.
Kochchi Bandar. See Cochin.
Kod, Sub-division in Bombay, viii. 238,
Kodachadri, mountain in ^Madras, viii.
239-
Kodagu. See Coorg.
Kodaikanal, hamlet in Madras, viii. 239,
240. _
Koddshiri, mountain in Madras, viii.
240.
Kodinar, town in Bombay, viii. 240.
Kodlipet, town in Coorg, viii. 240.
Kodumur, town in Madras, viii. 240.
Kodungalur, town in Madras, viii. 240,
241.
Koel. See Koil.
Koel, North, river in Bengal, viii. 241.
1 84
INDEX.
Koel, South, river in Bengal, viii. 242.
Koenig, Danish physician and pupil of
Linnceus, first scientific student of
Indian botany, ix. 81.
Koftgari, or damascene work, made in
Sialkot, xii. 447, 448.
Kohan Dil Khan, his tyranny in Kanda-
har (i843-55),_vii. 391, 394.
Kohat, District in Punjab, viii. 242-249 ;
physical aspects, 242, 243 ; history,
243-245 ; population, 245, 246 ; agri-
culture, 246, 247 ; commerce and
trade, 247, 248 ; administration, 248,
249 ; medical aspects, 249.
Kohat, tahsil in Punjab, viii. 249.
Kohat, town in Punjab, viii. 249, 250.
Kohat Toi, river in Punjab, viii. 250.
Kohistan, taluk in Bombay, viii. 250, 252.
Kohris or Koris, in Bhandara, ii. 364 ;
Champaran, iii. 338, 342 ; Garhbori,
V. 14 ; Oudh, X. 499 ; Sagar, xii. 104.
Koil, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces, viii. 252.
Koil. See Aligarh town.
Koil Kuntla, talitk in Madras, viii. 252.
Koilpatti, village in Madras, viii. 252.
Kokiir, spring in Kashmir, viii. 252,
,^53-
Kols, aboriginal tribe in Bengal, Orissa,
and Central Provinces, viii. 253-260 ;
origin, 253, 254 ; village organization,
254-256 ; religion, 256, 257 ; Munda
marriages, 257, 258 ; iron-smelting,
258 ; food, 258 ; property, 258, 259 ;
character, etc., 259 ; Kol population,
259, 260 ; article ' India,' vi. 64-68 ;
their convergence in Central India, 64;
their disper.-ion, 64, 65 ; scattered
Kolarian fragments, 65 ; Kolarian
languages, 65 - 68. Local notices —
Found in Bamanghati, ii. 40 ; Bamra,
ii. 42 ; Behar, ii. 225 ; Chutia Nagpur,
ii. 297, iii. 462, 463, 464 ; Central
India, iii. 295 ; Chang Bhakar, iii.
367 ; Cuttack, iv. 70 ; Daman-i-Koh,
iv. 104 ; Dinajpur, iv. 292 ; Hazari-
bagh, V. 373 ; Jabalpur, vii. 32 ;
Keunjhar, viii. 120 ; Kiching, viii.
215 ; Kolhan, viii. 280 ; Korea, viii.
297 ; Kotapalli, viii. 309 ; Lohardaga,
viii. 480; Maihar, ix. 1S9 ; Maldah,
ix. 243 ; Malkangiri, ix. 258 ; Mandla,
ix. 303 ; Mirzapur, ix. 456 ; Monghyr,
ix. 483; Morbhanj, ix. 516; Naga-
varam, x. 159 ; Orissa, x. 436 ; Orissa
Tributary States, x. 472 ; Panna, xi.
50 ; Potikall, xi. 223 ; Sambalpur, xii.
1S2 ; Santal Parganas, xii. 229, 230;
Saranda Hills, xii. 259 ; Sargi'ija, xii.
267 ; Singhbhum, xii. 532 - 535 ;
Sohawal, xiii. 47.
Kolaba, District in Bombay, viii. 260-
271; physical aspect, 260-262 ; history,
262-264 ; population, 264-266 ; agri-
culture, 266 - 26S ; natural calamities,
268, 269 ; trade, etc., 269 ; communi-
cations, 269, 270 ; administration, 270;
medical aspects, 270, 271.
Kolaba, spur of land protecting the
harbour of Bombay, viii. 271.
Kolachel, town in Madras, viii. 271, 272.
Koladyne. See Ku-la-dan.
Kolair. See Kolar.
Kolak, port in Bombay, viii. 272.
Kolakambai, river in Madras, viii. 272.
Kolang, village in Punjab, viii. 272.
Kolar, District in Mysore, viii. 272-278 ;
physical aspects, 272, 273 ; history,
273. 274 ; population, 274, 275 ;
agriculture, 275 - 277 ; manufactures.
277; administration, 277, 27S; medical
aspects, 278.
Kolar, taluk in Mysore, viii. 278.
Kolar, town in Mysore, viii. 279.
Kolar, lake in Madras, viii. 279, 280.
Kole, town in Bombay, viii. 280.
Kolhan, hilly tract in Bengal, viii. 280.
Kolhapur, Native State in Bombay, viii.
280-2S5 ; physical aspects, 280, 281 ;
history, 281 - 2S3 ; population, 283,
2S4 ; trade, etc., 284 ; revenue, ad-
ministration, etc., 284 ; climate and
medical aspects, 284, 2S5.
Kolhapur, capital of State in Bombay,
viii. 285.
Kolikodu. See Calicut.
Kolis, important cultivating caste in
Ahmadabad, i. 85, 86 ; Broach, iii.
104; Cambay, iii. 271 ; Central India,
iii. 295 ; Edar, iv. 337 ; Kotaha, viii.
309; Mahi Kantha, ix. 176, 177;
Narukot, x. 226 ; Nasik, x. 231 ;
Rajputana, xi. 410 ; Rewa Kantha,
^xii. 52, 53 ; Sirohi, xiii. 5.
Kolkai, village in Madras, viii. 285, 286.
Kolladam, river in Madras. See Coleroon.
Kollamallai, mountain range in Madras,
viii. 286.
Koller, lake in Madras. See Kolar.
Koliiir, pass in Madras, viii. 2S6.
Kolong. See Kolang.
Kombai, town in Madras, viii. 2S6.
Komorin. See Comorin.
Komulmair, pass in Rajputana, viii. 287.
Konch. See Kunch.
Kondapalli, town in Madras, viii. 2S7.
Kondavir, town and fort in Madras, viii.
viii. 287, 28S.
Kondayapollam, town in Madras, viii.
2S8.
Kondka, petty State in Central Provinces,
viii. 288.
Kongnoli, town in Bombay, viii. 2S8.
Konkair. See Kakair.
Konkan, lowland strip in Bombay, viii.
2S9 - 292 ; physical aspects, natural
history, and geology, 291, 292.
INDEX.
\Z'.
Konnagar, village in Bengal, viii. 292.
Koosee. See Kusi.
Kooshtea. See Kushtia.
Kopaganj, town in N.-\Y. Provinces,
viii. 292.
Kopargaon, village and Sub-division in
Bombay, viii. 292, 293.
KopiJas, iiill in Orissa, viii. 294.
Kopili. See Kapili.
Koppa, village and tahik in Mysore, viii.
294.
Kora, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, viii. 294, 295.
Kora, hill in Bengal, viii. 295.
Korabaga, estate in Central Provinces,
viii. 295, 296.
Korabar, town in Rajputana, viii. 296.
Koracha, estate in Central Provinces,
viii. 296.
Koragars, tribe in Kanara, vii. 379.
Korangi. See Coringa.
Korari Kalan, town in Oudh, viii. 296.
Koratagiri, village and taluk in Mysore,
viii. 296.
Koravachandlus, or Koravars, curious
gipsy-like tribe in Anantapur, i. 276 ;
South Arcot, i. 322 ; Bellar)', ii. 244 ;
Madras Presidency, ix. 21 ; Palni
Mountains, xi. 17, 18.
Korba, estate in Central Provinces, viii.
296.
Korea, Native State in Chutia Nagpur,
viii. 297.
Korea, hill range in Bengal, viii. 297,
298.
Koregaon, Sub-division in Bombay, viii.
29S.
Kori, river in Bombay, viii. 298.
Korigaum, town in Bombay, viii. 298,
299.
Koros, Alexander Csoma de. See Csoma
de Koros.
Kortalaiyaru. See Cortelliar.
Korwas, aboriginal tribe in Chutia
^ Nagpur, iii. 463, 464, 465.
Kosala, ancient division of Central India,
viii. 299.
Kosa Nag, mountain lake in N. India,
viii. 299.
Kosi, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, viii. 299, 300.
Kosigi, town in Madras, viii. 300.
Kosmos Indicopleustes. See Cosmos.
Kota, village in Madras, viii. 300.
Kota, village in Berar, viii. 300.
Kota, primitive tribe in Madras, viii.
300-302 ; in the Nilgiri Hills, x. 311.
Kot Adu, town in Punjab, viii. 302.
Kotae, ancient ruins in State of Cutch,
viii. 302, 303.
Kotagiri, hill station in ]Madras, viii. 303.
Kotah, Native State in Rajputana, viii.
303-30S ; physical aspects, 303, 304 ;
history, 304-306; crops, etc., 306;
population, 306, 307 ; administration,
307 ; climate, 307, 30S.
Kotah, capital of State in Rajputana,
viii. 30S.
Kotaha, pargand in Punjab, viii. 36S,
309-
Kotai. See Kotae.
Kotalpur, village in Bengal, viii. 309.
Kotapalli. See Kotipalli.
Kotapalli, Sub-division in Central Pro-
vinces, viii. 309.
Kotappakonda, village in Madras, viii.
309-
Kotar, port in Madras, viii. 309, 310.
Kotaraikarrai, town and tdhik in ]\Iadras,
viii. 310.
Kotaria, town in Rajputana, viii. 310.
Kotayam, town and taluk in Madras,
viii. 310.
Kotchandpur, village in Bengal, viii.
310.
Kote-betta, mountain in Coorg, viii. 310,
3"-
Kotharia, petty State in Bombay, vni.
3"-
Kothi, petty Hill State in Punjab, vui.
311-
Kothi, petty State in Baghelkhand, vni.
3"-
Kothide, petty State in Central India,
viii. 311, 312.
Koti. See Kothi.
Kotipalli, village in Madras, viii. 312.
Kot Kamalia, town in Punjab, viii. 312,
313-
Kot Kangra. See Kangra (town).
Kotkhai Kotgarh, tahsil in Punjab, viii.
Kot Putli, town in Rajputana, vin. 313.
Kotra Nayani, petty State in Kathiawar,
viii. 313.
Kotrang, town in Bengal, viii. 313.
Kotra Pitha, petty Slate in Kathiawar,
viii. 313.
Kotra Sangani, petty State in Kathia-
war, viii. 313.
Kotri, taluk in Sind, viii. 313, 314.
Kotri, town in Sind, viii. 314, 315.
Kottai Vellalars. See Tinnevelli, xiii.
302.
Kottapatam, port in Madras, viii. 315.
Kottayam. See Kotayam.
Kottur, town in ]\Iadras, viii. 315.
Kourtalam. See Courtallum.
K(jvilam. See Covelong.
Kovur, town in Madras, viii. 315.
Koyakhai, river in Orissa, viii. 315.
Koyambatiir. See Coimbaiore.
Koyas, wild tribe in Ranipa, xi. 454.
Krangamir. See Kodungalur.
Krishna. See Kistna.
Krishna-worship, article 'India,' vi. 222 ;
i86
INDEX.
a religion of pleasure, 222, 223 ; love
^ songs, 223 ; hymn to, 348, 349.
Krishna Chandra, Raja of Nadiya,
assisted Clive at Plassey (1757), x.
Krishna Raya, Raja of Vijayanagar,
built temples of Conjevaram, iv. 26 ;
conquered Godavari District (15 16), v.
1 23 ; took Kondapalli and Kondavir,
viii. 287 ; reconquered Rajamahendri,
xi. 383 ; visited the temple of Sinha-
chalam, xii. 543 ; reduced the kingdom
of Udayagiri, xiii. 425.
Krishnaganj, town in Nadiya District,
Bengal, viii. 315, 316.
Krishnaganj, town and Sub-division in
Purniah District, Bengal, viii. 316.
Krishnagar, town and Sub-division in
_ Bengal, viii. 316, 317.^
Krishnagiri, town and tdbik in Madras,
viii. 317,. 318-
Krishnai, river in Assam, viii. 318.
Krishnaji, took Pawagarh (1727), which
he made his head-quarters, xi. 122.
Krishtna. See Kistna.
Kshattriya or warrior caste of ancient
India, article ' India,' vi. S9-94 ;
growth of the caste, 89-91 ; struggle
between the priestly and warrior castes,
92-94 ; cases of Kshatlriyas attaining
Brahmanhood, 92, 93 ; legendary ex-
termination of the Kshattriyas by
Parasurama, the sixth incarnation of
Vishnu, 94. For their distribution,
see each District article, and also
Rajputs.
Kuar Singh, mutineer leader, besieged
court house of Arrah (1857), i. 333,
xii. 328, 329 ; besieged Azamgarh
(1858), i. 395 ; lived at Jagdispur in
Shahabad, vii. 41 ; entered Mirzapur,
but was driven out by the people, ix.
.455-
Kuba, petty State in Bombay, viii. 318.
Kubattur, village in ^lysore, viii. 318.
Kuch Behar, Isative State in N. Bengal,
viii. 318-327 ; physical aspects, 318,
319; history, 319-322; people, 322,
323 ; agriculture, 323, 324 ;_ manufac-
tures, etc., 324, 325 ; administration,
325-327 ; medical aspects, 327.
Kuch Behar, capital of State in N.
Bengal, viii. 327, 328.
Kuchla Bijna, town in Oudh, viii. 328.
Kuchmala, hill in Madras, viii. 328.
Kudaliir. Sec Cuddalore.
Kudali'ir. ^ct' Gudalur.
Kudarimukh. Sec Kuduremuhka.
Kudarkot, village in N.-W. Provinces,
viii. 329.
Kuddana, State in Bombay, viii. 329.
Kuditini, town in Madras, viii. 329.
Kudligi, tiiliik in Madras, viii. 329.
Kuduremukha, mountain peak in Madras,
viii. 329.
Kuhan. See Kahan.
Kuhlur. Sec Kahlur.
Kukdel, town in Bombay, viii. 330.
Kukis, wild tribes inhabiting frontiers of
Assam and Bengal, viii. 330. See
Lushai Hills and Lushais.
Kukra Mailani, pargand in Oudh, viii.
330.
Kulachi, town and tahsil in Punjab, viii.
Kii-la-dan, river in Burma, viii.
jj
I,
jj
2.
Ku-la-dan, township in Burma, viii.
332- ,
Kulaghat, village in Bengal, viii. 332.
Kulasekharapatnam, town and seaport
in ]\Iadras, viii. 332.
Kulik, river in Bengal, viii. 333.
Kulitalai, town and taluk in Madras,
yiii- 333-
Kullar, village in Madras, viii. 333, 334.
Kullu. See Kulu.
Kulpahar, town and tahsil in N.-W.
Provinces, viii. 334.
Kulsi, river in Assam, viii. 334.
Kulsi, forest reserve in Assam, viii. 334,
Kulsia. See Kalsia.
Kultas. See Kalitas.
Kulu, tahsil in Punjab, viii. 335.
Kulu, hill tract in Punjab, viii. 335-344 ;
physical aspects, 335-338 ; history, 338,
339 ; population, 339, 340 ; Plach or
Kulu jNIission, 340 ; pasturage rights
and customs, 340-342 ; agriculture,
342, 343 ; tenure of land, 343 ; com-
merce and trade, 343, 344 ; roads, etc.,
344 ; medical aspects, 344.
Kulutzai, village in Kashmir, viii. 344.
Kumalgarh, fort in Rajputana, viii. 345.
Kumaon. See Kumaun.
Kumar, river of Bengal, viii. 345.
Kumaradhari, river of Madras, viii. 345.
Kumarganj, village in Bengal, viii. 346.
Kumriri. See Comorin.
Kumarila, Brahmanical religious reformer
(750), vi. 191 ; 209 ; 329, 330.
Kumarkhali, town in Bengal, viii. 346.
Kumaun, Division in N.-W. Provinces,
viii. 346, 347.
Kumaun, District in N.-W. Provinces,
viii. 347-35S ; physical aspects, 347-
350 ; history, 350 - 352 ; population,
352 - 354 ; agriculture, 354, 355 ;
natural calamities, 355, 356 ; manu-
factures, commerce, etc., 356 ; ad-
ministration, 356, 357 ; climate, etc.,
357> 358- _ , . ,
Kumbaranis, tribe of Brahuis in Baluchi-
stan, ii. 29 ; to w hich Khan of Khelat
belongs, iii. 100.
INDEX.
187
Kumbhakamdrug, mountain in Madras,
viii. 358.
Kumbhakonam. See Combaconiim.
Kumbhaili-ghat, road over Western
Ghats, Bombay, viii. 358.
Kumbher, town in Rajputana, viii. 358.
Kumbhipathias, small sect in the Central
Provinces, their doctrines, iii. 315 ;
numerous in Sambalpar, xii. 182.
Kumharsain, Hill State in Punjab, viii.
35S, 359-
Kumhrawan, /(7;y«;Af in Oudh, viii. 359.
Kumilla. See Comilla.
Kumiria, village in Bengal, viii. 359.
Kumis, tribe in the Chittagong Hill
Tracts, iii. 450.
Kumlagarh, fortress in Punjab, viii. 359.
Ki'impta, Sub-division in Bombay, viii.
359, 360.
Kiimpta, town in Bombay, viii. 360,
361.
Kunawar, hilly tract in Bashahr Starte,
Punjab, viii. 361, 362.
Kunawaris, inhabitants of Bashahr State,
Punjab, xii. 500.
Kunbis, most numerous and important
agricultural caste in Ahmadabad, i. 85,
86 ; Ahmadnagar, i. lOO ; Akola, i.
143 ; Amraoti, i. 247 ; Bombay Pre-
sidency, iii. 51; Broach, iii. 104;
Kaira, vii. 302 ; Khandesh, viii. 154 ;
Nasik, X. 229 ; Poona, xi. 205, 206 ;
Rajputana, xi. 410 ; Ratnagiri, xii. 7 ;
Satara, xii. 279, 280 ; Sholapur, xii.
413 ; Thana, xiii. 252 ; Wun, xiii. 541.
Ki'inch, town and iahsil in N.-W.. Pro-
vinces, viii. 362, 363.
Kund. See Khund.
Kundada-betta, peak in Coorg, viii.
363-
Kundahs, hill range in Madras, viii. 363,
364;
Kundala, village in Punjab, viii. 364.
Kundapur. See Kandapur.
Kundhnan Khurd. See Kandarka Khurd.
Kundia, village in Rajputana, viii. 364.
Kundla, town in Bombay, viii. 364. •
Kundri, North, pargami in Oudh, viii.
364, 365-
Kundri, South, pargand in Oudh, viii.
365;
Kunhar, river in Punjab, viii. 365.
Kunhiar, Hill State in Punjab, viii. 365,
366.
Kuni, river in Berar, viii. 366.
Kunia-dhana. See Khania-dhana.
Kunigal, town and taluk in Mysore, viii.
.366.
Kunjah, town in Punjab, viii. 366.
Kunjpura, town in Punjab, viii. 366,
367-
Kuns, hill tribe in Arakan, iii. 183.
Kunsa, town in Oudh, viii. 367.
Kunur. See Coonoor.
Kupili, town and seaport in IMadras, viii.
367.
Kurai, town and taksil in Central Pro-
vinces, viii. 367, 368.
Kuram, district and valley in Afghanistan,
viii. 368-370. _
Kuram, mountain pass into Afghanistan
from the Punjab, article ' India,' vi. 6.
Kuram, river of Afghanistan, viii. 370.
Kurambranad, tdliik in Madras, viii. 370.
Kurandwad. See Kurundwad.
Kurantadih, town and tahsil in N.-W.
Provinces, viii. 370, 371.
Kurara, town in N.-W. Provinces, viii.
Kurauli, town in N.-W. Provinces, viii.
371-
Kurauna, pargand in Oudh, viii. 371,
372.
Kurders, hill tribe on the Kuchmala Hill,
viii. 328.
Kurds, in Baluchistan, ii. 29.
Kurg. See Coorg.
Kurha Keshupur, town in Oudh, viii.
372.
Kurhurbaree. See Karharbari.
Kurigi-am, village and Sub-division in
Bengal, viii. 372.
Kurivikulam, town in Madras, viii. 372.
Kurkiis, aboriginal tribe, numerous in
Betul, ii. 330 ; Chhindwara, iii. 400 ;
Hoshangabad, v. 445 ; Nimar, x. 332.
Kurla, town in Bombay, viii. 372, 373.
Kurmatur, town in Madras, viii. 373.
Kurmis, industrious agricultural caste in
Allahabad, i. 189 ; Bara Bank!, ii.
no; Bareilly, ii. 141 ; Basti, ii. 210;
Cawnpur, iii. 283, 284, 285 ; Central
Provinces, iii. 316; Champaran, iii.
338, 342 ; Chanda, iii. 352 ; Damoh,
iv. no. III ; Deoria, iv. 206; Fateh-
pur, iv. 426 ; Jaunpur, vii. 155, 156 ;
Jhansi, vii. 222 ; Lohardaga, viii. 48 1 ;
Manbhi'un, ix. 280, 281 ; Nagpur, x.
169 ; Oudh, X. 498 ; Pilibhit, xi. 174 ;
Sagar, xii. 104 ; .Shahjahanpur, xii.
347 ; Singhbhum, xii. 537 ; Wardha,
xiii. 525.
Kurnool. See Karniil.
Kurpa. See Cuddapah.
Kurrachee. See Karachi.
Kursanda, town in N.-W. Provinces,
viii. 373.
Kursat, town in Oudh, viii. 373.
Kursat Kalan, town in Oudh, viii. 373.
Kurseli, town in Oudh, viii. 373.
Kurseong. See Karsiang.
Kursi, town and pargand in Oudh, viii.
373> 374-
Kurtkoti, town in Bombay, viii. 374.
Kurubars, caste of blanket weavers in
Sira, xii. 546.
i88
INDEX.
Kurucla-raale, hill in Mysore, viii. 374.
Kurugodu, town in Madras, viii. 374.
Kurukshetra, sacred tract in Punjab, viii.
,374.375-
Kurumba, primitive tribe in Madras, viii.
375. 376 ; Mysore, x. 9S, 99 ; Nilgiii
Hills, X. 311, 312.
Kurundwad, Native State in Bombay,
viii. 376, Zn.
Kurundwad, town in Bombay, viii. 377.
Kurus, wild tribe in Chang Bhakar, iii.
367-
Kurwai, Native State in Central India,
viii. 377. 37S.
Kurwai, town in Central India, viii.
,378.
Kusbhadra, river in Bengal, viii. 378.
Kushtia, Sub-division in Bengal, viii.
m^, ,379-
Kushtia, town in Bengal, viii. 379 ;
river station of the Eastern Bengal
Railway removed owing to the silling
of the Ganges, vi. 30.
380.
Kusi, river in N. Bengal, viii. 379,
Kusiara, river in Assam, viii. 3S0.
Kussowlee. See Kasauli.
Kutabdia, island and lighthouse in Ben-
gal, viii. 380.
Kutab Khan, son of Sher Shah, occupied
Mainpuri, his buildings there, ix. 203.
Kutabnagar, town in Oudh, viii. 380.
Kutabpur, village in Bengal, viii. 381.
Kutab Shah, of Golconda, i6th centurj-,
took Ellore, iv. 352 ; Kondapalli and
Kondavir, viii. 287 ; Masulipatam, ix.
Kutab Shahi, Muhammadan dynasty in
Southern India (1512-168S), article
' India,' vi. 288.
Kutab - ud - din, the first of the Slave
dynasty, and the first resident Muham-
madan sovereign in India (1206-10),
article ' India,' vi. 278. Local notices
— Took Ajmere, i. 120 ; Koil, i. 169 ;
Budaun, iii. 1 17 ; Bulandshahr, iii.
133 ; Delhi, where he built the Kutab
Minar, iv. 191 ; his operations in
Behar and the Middle Ganges valley,
V. 63 ; took Mahoba, v. 299, ix. 183 ;
Kalinjar, vii. 332 ; Kalpi, vii. 342 ;
Meerut, ix. 383 ; advanced as far as
Surat, xiii. 120.
Kutch. See Cutch.
Kuthar, Hill State in Punjab, viii. 381.
Kutiyana, town in Kathiawar, viii. 381.
Kutosan. See Katosan.
Kutru, estate in Central Provinces, viii.
381.
Kuttalam. See Courtallum.
Kuttiyadi, pass in Madras, viii. 3S1.
Kuturis, cultivating caste in Malwa, ix.
269.
Kuvam, river in Madras, viii. 381.
Kwa, river, township, and village in
Burma, viii. 382.
Kwajas, Persian fugitives in Haidarabad
(Sind), V. 277; in Sind, xii. 518.
Kwaymies, hill tribe in Arakan, iii. 183,
184.
Kwon-chan-gou, village in Burma, viii.
3S2.
Kvaik-kauk, pagoda in Burma, viii. 382,
•5 J"
Kyaik-than-lan, pagoda in Burma, viii.
Kyaik-ti-yo, peak in Burma, viii. 383.
Kyaik-to, town in Burma, viii. 383.
Kyan-kin, town and township in Burma,
viii. 383.
Kyat. See Taung-gnyo.
Kyauk-chaing-gale, village in Burma, viii.
384.
Kyauk-gyi, village and township in
Burma, viii. 384.
Kyauk-pyi'i, District in Lower Burma,
viii. 384-389 ; physical aspects, 384-
386 ; population, 386, 387 ; agricul-
ture, 387 ; manufactures, 387, 3S8 ;
administration, 38S, 3S9.
Kyauk-pyu, township in Burma, viii. 3S9.
Kyauk-pyu, town and port in Burma,
viii. 389, 390.
Kyaung-sun, village in Burma, viii. 390.
Kyd, Col., built the dockyard at Kidder-
pur called after him, viii. 216.
Kyelang, village in Punjab, viii. 390,
391.
Kylasa, hill in Madras, viii. 391.
Kynchiong. Sec Kanchiang.
Kyouk-hpyu, District and town in Burma.
See Kyauk-pyu.
Kyoungtha, or 'Children of the River.'
See Maghs.
Kyiin-pyaw, town in Burma, viii. 391.
Kyun-ton, main branch of Irawadi river
in Burma, viii. 391.
Labbays, Muhammadan mercantile cla=s,
numerous in Abiraman, i. 3 ; Ambur,
i. 230 ; Arava Kurichi, i. 307 ; North
Arcot, i. 315; Calicut, iii. 268; Chan-
napata, iii. 368 ; Coorg, iv. 35 ; Kayal-
patnam, viii. 108 ; Madras Presidency,
ix. 22, 23 ; Negapatam, x. 259 ; Pam-
bam, xi. 23 ; Piilikonda, xi. 240 ;
Ramnad, xi. 451 ; Tanjore, xiii. 185 ;
Tinnevelli, xiii. 304 ; Trichinopoli,
xiii. 358 ; Vaniyambadi, xiii. 463.
Labdarya, tdhik'm. Bombay, viii. 391, 392.
La Bourdonnais, capture of Madras by a
French squadron under the command
of (1746), article ' India,' vi. 379, iv.
452, ix. 102.
INDEX.
189
Labour and land, Relation between,
in former times and at the present day
in India, vi. 48, 49.
La-bwut-kul-la, village in Burma, viii.
392- . , .
Lac industry, article 'India, vi. 513,
515 ; export of lac and lac-dye, vi.
575. Local 7iotices — Lac found and
collected in Akola, i. 144 ; Amherst,
i. 240 ; Amraoti, i. 248 ; Anama-
lai Hills, i. 270 ; Bamra, ii. 41,
42 ; Bangalore, ii. 63 ; Bankura, ii.
78; Basim, ii. 186; Bastar, ii. 206;
Bilaspur, ii. 451 ; Birbhiim, iii. 6, 9 ;
Bombay, iii. 45 ; Bonai, iii. 85 ;
Borasambar, iii. 89 ; Buklana, iii. 143,
146 ; Champaran, iii. 337 ; Chanda,
iii. 349 ; Cuttack, iv. 65 ; Eastern
Dwars, iv. 329 ; Gangpur, iv. 478 ;
Garo Hills, v. 26 ; Haidarabad, v.
245 ; Ilambazar, v. 508 ; Indore, vii.
2 ; Jabalpur, vii. 33 : Jashpur, vii.
145 ; Kamrup, vii. 355 ; Ranker, vii.
434 ; Karnul, viii. 35 ; Kawardha,
viii. 106; Kenda, viii. 113; Khasi
Hills, viii. 173 ; Khyrim, viii. 215 ;
Korea, viii. 297 ; Lalitpur, viii. 447 ;
Lashkarpur, viii. 466 ; Lohara, viii.
474 ; Lohardaga, viii. 476 ; jSIidnapur,
ix. 425 ; Monghyr, ix. 481 ; Murshid-
abad, x. 22 ; Nasik, x. 231 ; N.AV.
Provinces, x. 381 ; Nowgong, x. 407 ;
Rai Bareli, xi. 353 ; Raigarh, xi. 362 ;
Rairakhol, xi. 378 ; Rewa, xii. 46 ;
Sakti, xii. 148 ; Salem, xii. 152 ;
Sambalpur, xii. 184; Santal Par^anas,
xii. 227 ; Saran, xii. 252 ; Shahabad,
xii. 324 ; Sibsagar, xii. 460 ; Singh-
bhiim, xii. 531 ; Surgana, xiii. 136 ;
Sylhet, xiii. 145 ; Udaipur (Bengal),
xiii. 412 ; Wardha, xiii. 526 ; Wiin,
xiii. 543. See also Lacquered ware
and Shell-lac.
Laccadive Islands, in Indian Ocean, in
political connection with Madras, viii.
392-396 ; physical aspects, 392 - 394 ;
history, administration, etc., 394, 395 ;
population, 395 ; customs, language,
etc., 395, 396 ; medical aspects, 396.
Lace, made in the convent at Xagarkoil,
X. 158.
Lachhmangarh, town in Jaipur State,
Rajputana, viii. 396.
Lachhman Naik, colonized I'araswara in
Balaghat (1810), i. 454.
Lachmangarh, town in Alwar State,
Rajputana, viii. 396.
Lacquered ware, toys, etc., ^Manufacture
of, at Ahraura, i. Ill ; Bangalore, li.
64 ; Benares, ii. 266 ; Lower Burma,
iii. 198 ; Upper Burma, iii. 218 ;
Channapata, iii. 368 : Haidarabad
(Sind), V. 2S2, 288 ; Hoshiarpur, v.
456, 458 ; Ilambazar, v. 508 ; Jhalod,
vii. 203; Kaithal, vii. 310; Kanauj,
vii. 387 ; Mandawar, ix. 293 ; Pak
Pattan in Montgomery, ix. 500, x.
533 ; Dohad in the Ranch Mahals, xi.
33 ; Sahiwal, xii. 137 ; Sawantwari,
xii. 297 ; Sohagpur, xiii. 47 ; Sylhet,
xiii. 153, 154; Kashmor in the Upper
Sind Frontier, xiii. 447.
La Croze's Histoire dit Chrisiianisme des
Indes, article 'India,' vi. 232 (foot-
note i); 240 (footnote 4); 241 (footnotes
I and 3); 242 (footnotes).
Ladakh, governorship in Kashmir, viii.
396-400.
Ladole, town in Baroda, viii. 400.
Ladwa, town in Punjab, viii. 400.
Lahar, fortified town in Central India,
viii. 400.
Laharpur, town and pargand in Oudh,
viii. 400, 401.
Lahaul. See Lahul.
Lahore, Division in Punjab, viii. 402.
Lahore, District in Punjab, viii. 402-
414; physical aspects, 403-405; history,
405-407 ; population, 407, 40S ; town
and rural population, 408, 409 ; agri-
culture, 409-411; natural calamities,
411 ; commerce, trade, etc., 41 1, 412 ;
administration, 412, 413 ; medical
aspects, 413, 414.
Lahore, taksilin Punjab, viii. 414.
Lahore city, capital of Punjab, viii. 414-
419 ; historj' and architectural remains,
414-417 ; general appearance, modern
buildings, etc., 417, 418 ; population,
418; commerce, communications, etc.,
418, 419.
Lahori Bandar, village in Bombay, viii.
419-
Lahul, Sub-division in Punjab, viii. 419-
423 ; physical aspects, 419, 420 ;
history, 420, 421 ; population, 421,
422 ; agriculture, trade, etc., 422 ;
administration, 422, 423.
Laichanpur, port in Bengal, viii. 423.
Laira, estate in Central Provinces, viii.
423- ,
Lait-mao-doh, mountain range in Assam,
viii. 423.
La-ka-dong, village in Assam, viii. 423,
424-^
Lakapadar, petty State in Kathiawar,
viii. 424.
Lake, Lord, his victories over the
Marathas at Lasvvari and Dig, article
' India,' vi. 323 ; 398. Local notices — •
Took Agra (1803), i. 71; defeated
Perron and took Aligarh (1803), i.
170, 171; repulsed at Bhartpur (1S05),
ii. 374 ; entered Delhi (1803), and
relieved Ochterlony there, iv. 193 ;
granted Dujana to Abdul Samand
190
INDEX.
Khan, iv. 319 ; defeated Ilolkar at
Fatehgarh (, 1804), iv. 420 ; who sur-
rendered to him, vii. 6 ; rewarded
Raja of Jind, vii. 232 ; his victory at
Laswari, viii. 466 ; his campaign of
1803, X. 36S ; took Sasni, xii. 273 ;
relieved Burn at Shamli, xii. 375.
Lakes: — Abiraman, i. 3 ; Nakhi Talao on
Mount Abii, i. 4, 5 ; Ab-i-estada in
Afghanistan, i. 33 ; Nal in Ahmadabad,
i. 83 ; Siiiserh in Alwar, i. 206 ; in
Ambala, i. 214 ; Amber, i. 228 ;
in Azamgarh, i. 393 ; the Tal Suraha
in Ballia, ii. 18; the Barwa Sagar,
ii. 181, 182 ; in Basti, ii. 209 ; in
Bhandara, ii. 361 ; the Bhim Tal,
ii. 397 ; Bhuvaneswar, ii. 418 ; in
Bikaner, ii. 438 ; Lonar in Buldana,
iii. 143 ; in Lower Burma, iii. 171 ;
Chamomeril, iii. 332; Charamai, iii. 370;
Charkhari, iii. 372; Pulicat in Chengal-
pat, iii. 3S1 ; Chilka, iii. 415-417 ; in
the Chittagong Hill Tracts, iii. 447 ;
Tal Baraila in Darbhangah, iv. 123 ;
Debar, iv. 163 ; Deh-peh, iv. 168 ;
Dhaniir, iv. 244, 245; Machkund, near
Dholpur, iv. 278 ; Dhol Samudra,
iv. 278 ; Diiya, iv. 326, 327 ; Eng-rai-
gy'. iv. 353, 354, vii, 18 ; Gangal, iv.
466 ; Garola, v. 32 ; in Gorakhpur, v.
165 ; Haidarabad, v. 253 ; Ganga Bal
on Mount Haramak, v. 319 ; in the
Himalaya Mountains, v. 407 ; Hona-
war, V. 440 ; Kallar Kahar in Jehlam,
vii. 167, xii. 171 ; Kahnuvvan, vii.
294 ; Karkal in South Kanara, vii.
376 ; in Kashmir, viii. 66, 67 ; Kheri,
viii. 190 ; Khundalu, viii. 211 ; Kolar,
viii. 279, 280 ; Rankala, near Kolha-
pur, viii. 281 ; Kosa Nag, viii. 299 ;
in Kotaha, viii. 308 ; Kumaun, viii.
349 ; Kala Kund, viii. 364 ; in Ladakh,
viii. 397 ; the Lonar (salt), viii. 489 ;
Tanur and Trichur in Malabar, ix. 219 ;
Manasabal, ix. 276 ; Manasarowar, ix.
276, 277 ; Manchhar, ix. 286, 287 ;
Logtak in Manipur, ix. 323, 324 ;
Motihari, ix. 521 ; Motijhil, near
Murshidabad, x. 36 ; Noh jhil in
Muttra, x. 45 ; in Muzaffarpur, x. 83 ;
the Naga Hills, x. 143 ; Nagpur, x.
165 ; Naini Tal, x. 177 ; Najafgarh
Jhil, X. 178, 179 ; Nal, x. 181 ; Nan-
dan Sar, X. 188 ; Narsinghgarh, x.
215; Nil Nag, X. 326; in Oudh, x.
481 ; I'akhal, x. 531, 532 ; in Prome,
xi. 226 ; Pulicat, xi. 239 ; Pushkar,
•^'' 335 ; i^ Rameswaram, xi. 443 ;
Ramia Bihar, xi. 449 ; Ramtal, xi.
465 ; Sagar, xii. 108 ; Sakar Pathar,
xii. 145 ; the Salt Water or Dhapa,
xii. 172; Sambhar (salt), xii. 187-1S9;
Sar, xii. 248 ; Kachor Rewas in Shaik-
hawati, xii. 371 ; Siddheswar in Shola-
pur, xii. 421 ; in Shwe-gyin, xii. 430;
Srinagar, xiii. 77 ; Taroba, xiii. 215 ;
in Taung-ngu, xiii. 227 ; Thaneswar,
xiii. 260 ; Mokai (salt) in Thar and
Parkar, xiii. 263 : in Travancore, xiii.
344; in Wun, xiii. 531 ; Wulur, xiii.
537' 538- See also Marshes {jhils and
bils) and Tanks, Artificial Lakes and
Reservoirs.
Lakhandai, river in Bengal, viii. 424.
Lakhat, village in Assam, viii. 424.
Lakhi, mountain range in Bombay, viii.
424-
Lakhi, village in Bombay, viii. 424, 425.
Lakhi, town in Bombay, viii. 425.
Lakhimpur, District in Assam, viii. 425-
438 ; physical aspects, 425-428; history,
428, 429; population, 429-431 ; towns
and villages, 431, 432 ; material con-
dition of the people, 432, 433 ; agricul-
ture, 433, 434; manufactures, etc.,
434) 435 ; tea, 435, 436 ; administra-
tion, 436, 437 ; medical aspects, 437,
438-
Lakhimpur, Sub-division in Assam, viii.
438- 439.
Lakhimpur, village in Assam, viii. 439.
Lakhimpur, town and tahsil in Oudh,
viii; 439- .
Lakhipur, village in Assam, viii. 439, 440.
Lakhipur, village in Assam, viii. 440.
Ldkhirdj. See Tenures.
Lakhi Sarai. See Luckeeserai.
Lakhmia, river channel in Bengal, viii.
440.
Lakhna, town in N.-\V. Provinces, viii.
440.^
Lakhnadon, tahsil in Central Provinces,
viii. 440, 441.
Lakhnauti, historic town in N. -W. Pro-
vinces, viii. 441.
Lakhtar, Native State in Kathiawar, viii.
441,442.
Lakhtar, town in Kathiawar, viii. 442.
Laki Mall, Diwan, farmed the Upper
Derajat from the Sikhs, iv. 221.
Laki, tahsil in Punjab, viii. 442.
Laki, town in Punjab, viii. 443.
Laki. See Lakhi.
Lakji Jadun Rao, Deshmukh of Sinda,
and grandfather of Sivaji, iii. 144.
Lakshman Sen, last independent Hindu
king of Bengal, his overthrow by
Muhammad of Ghori (1203), article
' India,' vi. 277 ; removed capital from
Gaur to Nadiya, which he founded, x.
141.
Lakshmantirtha, river of S. India, viii.
433-
Lakshmeswar, town in Bombay, viii.
444-
Lakshmi Bai, lady zaniiudar, captured
INDEX.
191
the mutineer leader Babu Rao (1858),
iii- 351-
Lakshminarayana.Diwan, Brahman leader
of the rebellion in Kanara and Coorg
(1837), iv. 31.
Lakshmipur, pass in Madras, viii. 444.
Lakshmipur. See Lakhipur.
Laktrai. Sec Langtarai.
Lakvalli, village and taluk in Mysore,
viii. 444.
Lalatpur. See Lalitpur.
•Lai Bagh, The, pleasure-garden in Ban-
galore, ii. 68.
Lalbagh, Sub-division in Bengal, viii.
444> 445-
Lai Bakya, river in Bengal, viii. 445.
Lal-darwaza, mountain pass in N.-\V.
Provinces, viii. 445.
Lalganj, river mart in Bengal, viii. 445
Lalganj, town and tahsil in Oudh, viii.
445. See Dalmau.
Lalguli P'alls, rapids in Bombay, viii.
445- . ^_ ,
Laliad, petty State m Kathiawar, vin.
446.
Laling. See Dhulia.
Lalitpur, District in N.-W. Provinces,
viii. 446-457 ; physical aspects, 446-
448; history, 448-450; population,
450, 451 ; urban and rural population,
451, 452; agriculture, 452-454; natural
calamities, 454, 455 ; commerce and
trade, 455, 456 ; administration, 456,
457 ; medical aspects, 457.
Lalitpur, town and tahsil in N. -W. Pro-
vinces, viii. 457, 458.
Lai Kavi, Hindu poet of Bundel-khand
in the 17th century, and author of the
Chhatra Prakas, vi. 345.
Lally, Defeat of, at Wandewash by
Coote (1761), article 'India,' vi. 379,
380; siege and surrender of Pondicberri
and Gingi, vi. 3S0. Local notices —
Took Arcot {1758), i. 310; defeated at
Ami, i. 352 ; sent against Bellary, ii.
242 ; neglected to take Chengalpat
(1759), iii. 390; took Fort St. David
(1758), iv. 162; his surrender of Pon-
dicberri (1761), iv. 452 ; recalled Bussy
from the Northern Circars, v. 3 ; in
Madras, ix. 13; his siege of Madras,
ix. 103 ; fought battle of St. Thomas'
Mount (1759), xii. 143, 144; attacked
Tanjore (1750), xiii. 194; his defeat at
Wandewash, xiii. 518.
Lalmai Hills, range in Bengal, viii. 458.
Lai Singh, Sikh leader, tried to prevent
cession of Kashmir to Ghulab Singh,
xi. 265.
Lalsot, town in Rajputana, viii. 459.
Lalungs, aboriginal tribe in Assam, i.
351 ; Kamnip, vii. 355, 359 ; Lakhim-
pur, viii. 431 ; Nowgong, x. 409.
Lambhadi's or Lumbadis, pack bullock
drivers in North Arcot, i. 315 ; Coim-
batore, iv. 15; Dharwar, iv. 260;
Madras, ix. 21.
Lambia, mountain pass in Punjab, viii.
459-
Land, cultivated and uncultivated. See
the Agricultural section of each
District article.
Land Law, The, of Bengal, ii. 280.
Landmaking powers of deltaic rivers,
article 'India,' vi. 22-25, 27. See
Alluvion and Diluvion.
Land - reclamation, Balaghat, i. 456 ;
Bogra, iii. 29 ; Bombay, iii. 78 ; Goa,
V. 109 ; Katipara, viii. 99 ; Khandesh,
viii. 156, 157; Khulna, viii. 207, 20S ;
Kolaba, viii. 267, 268 ; Muzaffarnagar,
X. 68 ; Panch Alahals, xi. 32 ; Ranga-
mati, xi. 470; Sagar Island, xii. no;
Singhbhum, xii. 437 ; the Sundarbans,
xiii. 108, no, III ; Thana, xiii. 254;
Twenty-four Parganas, xiii. 389.
Land revenue of India under the Mughals,
article ' India,' vi. 297-299 ; 304 ; land
revenue of British India, 452. See
also the Administrative section of each
District article ; and for systems of
land revenue, Assam, i. 363, 364 ;
Bengal, ii. 306-308 ; Bombay, iii. 56,
57 ; Madras, ix. 45-51 ; Oudh, x. 502-
506.
Land settlement, article ' India,' vi. 438-
452 ; ancient land settlement of India,
438 ; Musalman land-tax, 439 ; the
Company's efforts at land settlement,
439 ; growth of private rights, 439 ;
the Permanent Settlement of Bengal,
(1793), 441 ; rights of the cultivators
and intermediate tenure-holders, 442,
443 ; oppression of the cultivators, 443 ;
land reform of 1859, 443, 444; the
Rent Commission (1879), and further
schemes for reform, 444, 445 ; tem-
porary Settlement in Orissa, 445 ;
yearly Settlement in Assam, 445 ;
Madras 7-dyatzi'dri Settlement, 445-447 ;
' survey ' tenure of Bombay, 448, 449 ;
Southern India Agriculturists' Relief
Acts (1879 and 1881), 449, 450; land
system of the N.-W. Provinces and the
Punjab, 451 ; tdliikdars of Oudh, 451 ;
land system of the Central Provinces,
452 ; the land revenue of India, 452 ;
nature of the land-tax, 469. See also
Permanent Settlement.
Land tenures. See Tenures.
Landaur, hill station and cantonment in
N.-W. Provinces, viii. 459.
Landaura, town in N. - W. Provinces,
viii. 459;
Landi Khana, pass in Afghanistan, viii.
459, 460.
192
INDEX,
Lang, Colonel, defended Kari'ir (1783),
viii. 52.
Langai, river in Assam, viii. 460.
Langhorn, Sir W., Governor of Madras
(1670-78), ix. 66.
Langles, M., on the palace of llaidar-
aliad, quoted, v. 253.
Langrin, petty State in Assam, viii. 460.
Langtarai, hill range in Bengal, viii.
460.
Languages (Aryan) of N. India, Sanskrit,
vi. 334 ; the evidence for and against
Sanskrit ever having been a spoken
language, 334-336 ; divergence of San-
skrit and Prakrit, 336 ; spread of the
Prakrits, 336, 337 ; classification of
Prakrits — the Maharashtri or Marathi,
the Sauraseni or Braj of the N.-W.
Provinces, the Magadhi or modern
Bihari, and the Paisachi or non- Aryan
dialects, 337 ; evolution of modern
vernaculars from the Prakrits, 338, 339 ;
the Sanskrit, Prakrit, and non- Aryan
elements in modern vernaculars, 339-
342 ; the seven modern vernaculars,
342, 343 ; vernacular literature and
writers, 343-354-
Languages of non-Arj-an tribes, vi. 63-
68 ; the Dravidian languages of S.
India ; Tamil, its principal develop-
ments, 330-333- .
Languages spoken in Afghanistan, i. 44 ;
the Andaman Islands, i. 285 ; Arakan
Hill Tracts, i. 299 - 301 ; by the
Bakichis and Brahuis, ii. 37, 38 ; iii.
98 ; in Bhandara, ii. 362 ; Bhutan, ii.
413, 414 ; Bombay Presidency, iii. 49,
50 ; the Chittagong Hill Tracts, iii.
449 ; Coorg, iv. 35 ; Dharwar, iv.
260 ; Haidarabad State, v. 246 ; South
Kanara, vii. 382, 383 ; of the Karens,
viii. 4; in Kashmir, viii. 71; Khandesh,
viii. 155 ; by the Khasis, viii. 175 ; in
the Laccadive Islands, viii. 395, 396 ;
Z^Iadras, ix. 18, 19 ; the Maldive
Islands, ix. 249, 252 ; Manipur, ix.
330 ; Miiltan, x. 7 ; Mysore, x. 100 ;
the Nicobar Islands, x. 296 ; by the
Todas, X. 310 ; in ,Sind, xii. 518 ;
Thar and Parkar, xiii. 267 ; Tuluva,
xiii. 375.
Languliya, river in Central Provinces,
viii. 460, 461.
Langur, hill fort in N.-W. Provinces,
viii. 461.
Lanji, town in Central Provinces, viii.
461.
Lao-bah, mountain range in Assam, viii.
461.
Lao-ber-sat, mountain range in Assam,
viii. 461.
Lao-syn-nia, mountain range in Assam,
viii. 461.
Lapha, estate in Central Provinces, viii. 461.
Lapbagarh, hill fortress in Central Pro-
vinces, viii. 461.
Lapis-lazuli, found in Badakshan, i. 407.
Larawar, pargand in Central India, viii.
461, 462.
Larkhana, Sub - division in Sind, viii.
462-465 ; population, 463 ; agriculture,
463, 464 ; tenures, 464 ; natural calam-
ities, 464; manufactures, etc., 464;
revenues, 464, 465.
Larkhana, town and tahtk in Sind, viii.
465.- .
Larminie's, Captain, description of Ghazni
in 18S0, quoted, v. 72.
Lash, town in Afghanistan, i. 36.
Lashkarpur, village in Assam, viii. 465,
466.
Lassen's Iiuiischc Alterthumskttnde,
quoted, article ' India,' vi. 161 (foot-
note I); 191 (footnote 2); 340 (foot-
note 1). Local notices — Worked out
the chronology of the Gupta kings, iv.
410; his explanation of the affix 'bar' in
Malabar, ix. 217 ; fixed site of Sravasti
near ruins of Sahet Mahet, xii. 126.
Laswari, village in Rajputana, viii. 466 ;
defeat of Marathas at, article ' India,'
vi. 323; 398.
Latchmaji, author of a Kandh grammar,
vii. 401.
Laterite, article ' India,' vi. 628 ; 638,
639. Local jiotices — South Arcot, i.
326, 327 ; Balasor, ii. 2 ; Bankura, ii.
79 ; Bardwan, ii. 127 ; Bassein, ii.
193 ; Belgaum, ii. 231 ; Lower Burma,
iii. 201 ; Chengalpat, iii. 381 ; Cochin,
iv. 2, 7 ; Coorg, iv. 32 ; Dapoli, iv.
121 ; Dawna Hills, iv. 163 ; the
Deccan, iv. 165 ; Dharwar, iv. 258 ;
Galikonda Hills, iv. 461 ; Goa, v. 89 ;
Gyaing-than-hvin, v. 238 ; Hantha-
wadi, V. 312; lanjira, vii. 139; Jash-
pur, vii. 145 ; Kaladgi, vii. 315 ; North
Kanara, vii. 369 ; South Kanara, vii.
375 ; the Konkan, viii. 291 ; j\Iadura,
ix. 191 ; Western iNIalwa, ix. 268 ;
Mandla, ix. 300 ; Marmagao, ix. 347,
348 ; Mysore State, x. 91, 92, Dis-
trict, X. 114 ; Nagpur, x. 165 ; Nellore,
X. 261 ; Ratnagiri, xii. 12 ; Satara,
xii. 276 ; Satpura Range, xii. 288 ;
Sawantwari, xii. 296 ; Seoni, xii. 308 ;
Shimoga, xii. 400 ; Shwe-gyin, xii.
430 ; Sirsi, xiii. 21 ; Taleparamba,
xiii. 167 ; Tanjore, xiii. iSi ; Trichi-
nopoli, xiii. 355.
Lathi, Native State and town in Kathia-
war, viii. 466, 467.
Lathia, village in N.-W, Provinces, viii.
467.
La Touche, Captain, killed in attack on
the Vagher outlaws (1S67), viii. 533,
INDEX.
19:
Latter, Major, occupied the Morang
(1814), and made treaty with the Raja
of Sikkim against the Gurkhas, xii.
485.
Laiin, tract in Central Provinces, viii.
467.
Laur, tract in Assam, viii. 467, 468.
Lazu and Custom of Hindu Castes, by
Mr, Arthur Steele, quoted, vi. 195
(footnote 2).
Law, Brahmanical codes of, vi. 113-118 ;
the Grihya .Sutras, an outgrowth from
the Vedas, 113 ; code of Manu and its
date, 113, 114; code of Yajnavalkya,
114, 115; scope of Hindu law, 1 15;
its rigid caste system, 115, 116 ; growth
of the law, 1 16; its incorporation of
local customs, 117; perils of modern
codification, 117, 118; modern legal
literature, 1 18.
Law, The, of British India, vi. 433,
434-
Law, M., joined by Samru (1757), and
defeated with Shah Alam at Gaya by
Carnac (1760), xii. 264.
Lawa, town in Punjab, viii. 464.
Lawa, Native State in Rajputana, viii.
468.
Lawar, town in N.-W. Provinces, viii.
468.
Lawrence Schools for children and
orphans of British soldiers on Mount
Abii, i. 7 ; Lovedale on the Nilgiri
Hills, viii, 490, x. 322 ; Murree, x.
19, xii. 34 ; Sanawar, near Kasauli,
xii. 194, 495 ; Utakamand, xiii. 453.
Lawrence, Lord, Viceroy of India (1S64-
69) ; famine in Orissa ; Bhutan war ;
inquiry into the status of the Oudh
peasantry ; the commercial crisis of
1866, article 'India,' \\. 424, 425.
Local notices — His interview with Dost
Muhammad (1857), i. 51 ; statue of,
at Calcutta, iii. 250 ; first Lieutenant-
Governor of the Punjab (1859), xi. 270.
Lawrence, Major, his ineffectual siege of
Pondicherri in co-operation with the
English fleet under Boscawen (174S),
article ' India,' \-i. 379. Local notices
— Took Devikota (1749), iv. 234 ;
defended Madras (1758), i.x. 107 ; took
Settipa Hadai (1752), xii. 321 ; twice
relieved Trichinopoli, xiii. 356 ; de-
feated the French at Golden Rock,
xiii. 357; attacked Wandiwash (1752),
xiii. 517,
Lawrence, Sir George, British agent at
Peshawar, was delivered up to the
Sikhs on the outbreak of the second
Sikh war, viii. 244.
Lawrence, Sir Henry, Resident at Lahore
(1845), article 'India,' vi. 410; Chief
Commissioner of Oudh, 415 ; killed at
VOL. XIV.
Lucknow (1857), 420. Local notices —
In charge of Firozpur (1839), iv. 441 ;
rebuilt town of Firozpur, iv. 447 ; his
discription of Sikh misrule in Kaithal,
quoted, viii, 21 ; his defence of Luck-
now Residency and death, viii, 512,
5i3> X- 495-
Lawrence, Sir Thomas, his portrait of
Sir William Burroughs in the High
Court, Calcutta, iii. 251.
Lawtie, Lieutenant, got guns to bear on
Taragarh fort (1814), when Gurkhas
evacuated it, xiii. 206.
Laj'ada, hill range in Bengal, viii. 468.
Layard, Captain, quoted, on Rangamati,
xi. 469, 470.
Lead, article ' India,' vi. 626. Local
notices — Found in Afghanistan, i. 36,
37 ; Taragarh Hill in Ajmere-Mer-
wara, i. 118; Alwar, i. 203; Anan-
tapur, i. 274 ; Badakshan, i. 407 ;
Badvel, i. 412 ; Nal in Baluchistan, ii.
36 ; Bellary, ii. 241 ; Lower Burma,
iii. 201, 202 ; Upper Burma, iii. 21 1 ;
Cuddapah, iv. 48 ; Dera Ghazi Khan,
iv. 209 ; Garhwal, v. 22 ; the Hima-
laya Mountains, v, 412 ; Jehlam, vii.
167; Kangra, vii. 412, 413; Karmil,
viii, 34 ; Kashmir (sulphide of lead),
viii. 67 ; Kiilu, viii. 337 ; Kumaun,
viii. 349 ; Lakhi Mountains, viii. 424 ;
Mergui, ix. 410 ; Nallamalai Hills,
x. 185 ; Nandikanama, x. 193 ; Nani-
kot, X. 226 ; on the Pakchan river, x.
531 ; near Subathu in Patiala, xi. 87 ;
Rajputana, xi. 401 ; Salwin Hill Tracts,
xii. 175 ; Shahpur, xii. 361 ; Shwe-
gyin, xii. 430; Sirmur, xii. 554;
Tavoy, xiii. 228 ; Udaipur, xiii. 401.
Leaf-wearing tribe of Orissa, vi. 56. See
Juangs.
Leather work, article ' India,' vi. 603 ;
leather factories at Cawnpur, vi. 417.
Local notices of tanneries, manufacture
of leather goods, shoes, saddles, etc. —
Agra, i. 76 ; Ahmadabad, i, 96 ;
Anupshahr, i. 295 ; Batala, ii. 216 ;
Bengal, ii. 308 ; Bhutan, ii. 414 ;
Biria, iii. 12 ; Bisambha, iii. 15 ;
Bombay, iii. 81 ; Cawnpur, iii. 292,
X. 395, 396 ; Chakwal, iii. 327 ; Dod-
deri, iv. 311; Fatehpur (whips), iv.
431; Gujrat, V. 197; Berar, v. 270;
Haidarabad (Sind), v. 282; Hoshiar-
pur, v. 456, 458 ; Hunsiir, v. 502, x.
120 ; J^balpur, vii. 35 ; Jambusar, vii.
122 ; Jerruck, vii. 182 ; Jhang, vii.
211; Jodhpur, vii. 239; Kalanaur,
vii, 322, xii. 75 ; Kapadwanj, vii.
439 ; Karnal, viii. 29 ; Kashmor,
viii. 79 ; Kasur, viii. 85 ; Khair-
pur, viii. 135 ; Khanpur, viii. 164 ;
Kundla, viii. 364 ; Larkhana. viii.
N
194
INDEX.
464, 465 ; Maghiana, ix. 140 ; Manj-
hand, ix. 335 ; Miipur, ix. 450 ;
Mitha Tiwana, ix. 468 ; Monghyr, ix.
487; Mul, ix. 535; Multan, x. 13;
Mysore, x. 106; Najibabad, x. 179;
Narowal, x. 214; Naushahro, x. 244;
Saharanpur, x. 396, xii. 122 ; Pil-
khuwa, xi. 180; Find Dadan Khan
(whips), xi. 183 ; Punjab, xi. 287 ;
Purwa, xi. 334 ; Rahatgarh, xi. 346 ;
Raichur, xi. 360; Rajputana, xi. 421 ;
Ramnagar, xi. 452 ; Rania, xi. 502 ;
Rawal Pindi, xii. 32, 38 ; Reoti, xii.
43 ; Sahibganj, xii. 135 ; Khawasa in
Seoni, xii. 313 ; Shahdara (N.-W. P.),
xii. 341 ; Sialkot, xii. 448 ; Sind, xii.
526 ; Susuman, xiii. 139 ; Talagang,
xiii. 162 ; Tando Muhammad Khan,
xiii. 179 ; Thar and Parkar, xiii. 270 ;
Thatia, xiii. 275 ; Upper Sind Fron-
tier, xiii. 447 ; Wadhwan, xiii. 506 ;
Wankaner, xiii. 519.
Lebong, mountain range in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, viii. 468.
Leckie, Daniel, found a mint existing at
Garha (1790), v. 12.
Leeches, very numerous in Coorg, iv. 37;
Sibsagar, xii. 459 ; Sikkim, xii. 4S4.
Left - hand and right - hand castes of
Madras, vi. 196, 197, ix. 21, 127.
Legislative Council of the Governor-
General, vi. 432 ; of Madras, Bombay,
and Bengal, 433.
Le-guya, township in Burma, viii. 46S,
469-
Leh, town in Punjab, viii. 469.
Lehra, village in Bengal, viii. 469.
Leiah, town and tahsil in Punjab, viii.
469, 470.
Leigh, Capt., Surendra Sa surrendered
to (1858), .xii. 181.
Leitner, Dr., on the tribes of the Hindu
Kush, quoted, v. 417, 418.
Le-mro, river in Burma, viii. 470.
Le-myet-hna, town and township in
Burma, viii. 470, 471.
Lengjut, village in Assam, viii. 471.
Leopard, The Indian, article ' India,'
vi. 653, 654. Local notices — Found
in Mount Abu, i. 6 ; in Ahmad-
nagar, i. 100; Ajmere, i. 119; Akola,
i. 141 ; Allahabad, i. 185 ; Amgaon,
i. 231; Anantapur, i. 274; Andipatti
Hills, i. 288; North Arcot, i. 312;
South Arcot, i. 320 ; Assam, i. 349 ;
Bakarganj, i. 442 ; Baluchistan, ii. 36 ;
Banda, ii. 47 ; Bankura, ii. 78, 79 ;
Bannu, ii. 90; Basim, ii. 184; Bel-
gaum, ii. 232 ; Bellary, ii. 241 ; Bhan-
dara, ii. 361 ; Bhutan, ii. 414 ; Bogra,
iii. 26 ; Bombay Presidency, iii. 46 ;
Bonai, iii. 85 ; Buldana, iii. 143 ;
Upper Burma, iii. 212 ; Cawnpur, iii.
280 ; Chamba, iii. 329 ; Chang Bhakar,
iii. 366 ; Chhindwara, iii. 399 ; Chital-
drug, iii. 423 ; Chittagong, iii. 435;
Chittagong Hill Tracts, iii. 448 ;
Cochin, iv. 2; Coimbatore, iv. 15;
Coorg, iv. 32 ; Cuddapah, iv. 48 ;
Cutch, iv. 60 ; Darjiling, iv. 130 ;
Dehra Dun, iv. 169 ; Mount Delly, iv.
197 ; Dera Ismail Khan, iv. 220 ;
Diiar, iv. 246 ; Dharwar, iv. 249 ;
Dinajpur, iv. 291 ; Etawah, iv. 370 ;
Faridpur, iv. 397 ; Fatehpur, iv. 423 ;
Gangpur, iv. 478 ; Gaya, v. 45 ;
Godavari, v. 123 ; Gonda, v. 147 ;
Goona, v. 159 ; Gurdaspur, v. 207 ;
Gurgaon, v. 216 ; Gwalior, v. 229 ;
Hamirpur, v. 298 ; Hardoi, v. 322 ;
Hassan, v. 346 ; Hazaribagh, v. 370 ;
Hill Tipperah, v. 395 ; Himalaya
Mountains, v. 409 ; Hissar, v. 427 ;
Hoshiarpur, v. 452 ; Indore, vii. 2 ;
Jalpaiguri, vii. 109 ; Jerruck, vii. 180 ;
Jhansi, vii. 217 ; Kadur, vii. 283 ;
Kaladgi, vii. 315; Kamriip, vii. 355 ;
North Kanara, vii. 370 ; South Kanara,
vii. 377; Kangra, vii. 413; Karachi,
vii. 445 ; Kamul, viii. 35, 36 ; Kash-
mir, viii. 68 ; Kathiawar, viii. 96 ;
Khandesh, viii. 150; Kheri, viii. 190;
Kistna, viii. 296 ; Kolaba, viii. 261 ;
Kolar, viii. 273 ; Kotah, viii. 304 ;
Kulu, viii. 338 ; Kumaun, viii. 349 ;
Lahore, viii. 405 ; Lalitpur, viii. 447 ;
Lohardaga, viii. 447 ; Madras, ix. 8,
89 ; Madura, ix. 121 ; Maimansingh,
ix. 192 ; Mainpuri, ix. 203 ; Malabar,
ix. 220 ; Malwa, ix. 268 ; Manbhum,
ix. 272 ; Manipur, ix. 325 ; Mergui,
ix. 407 ; Midnapur, ix. 425 ; Mirza-
pur, ix. 453 ; Monghyr, ix. 481 ;
Moradabad, ix. 505 ; Muttra, x. 45 ;
Mysore, x. 115; Nadiya, x. 130;
Naga Hills, x. 143 ; Nallamalai Hills,
X. 185; Nasik, x. 229; Nawanagar,
X. 252 ; Nellore, x. 262 ; Nepal, x.
278 ; Nilgiri Hills, x. 308 ; Nimar, x.
328 ; Noakhali, x. 341 ; Oudh, x.
483 ; Pabna, x. 512 ; Palkonda Hills,
xi. II ; Palni Mountains, xi. 17;
Patna State, xi. 115; Phuljhar, xi.
16S ; Pilibhit, xi. 172; Pishin, xi.
188; Poliir, xi. 197; Poona, xi. 200;
Punjab, xi. 259 ; Pumiah, xi. 323 ;
Raipur, xi. 368 ; Rajshahi, xi. 429 ;
Rampa, xi. 454 ; Rampur, xi. 455 ;
Rangpur, xi. 489 ; Ratnagiri, xii. 4 ;
Rawal Pindi, xii. 22 ; Rewa Kantha,
xii. 49 ; Rohtak, xii. 69 ; Saharanpur,
xii. 115; Salem, xii. 152; Sandur,
xii. 206 ; Santal Parganas, xii. 227 ;
Sarangarh, xii. 260 ; Sawantwari, xii.
296 ; Shahabad, xii. 324 ; Shahjahan-
pur, xii. 344 ; Shahpur, xii. 361 ;
INDEX.
195
Shevaroy Hills, xii. 383 ; Shimoga,
xii. 400; Singhbhum, xii. 531; Sir-
mur, xii. 554 ; Sirohi, xiii. 2 ; Siwalik
Hills, xiii. 43 ; Sorab, xiii. 65 ; the
Sundarbans, xiii. 109, 3S9 ; Sural,
xiii. 120 ; Tarai, xiii. 208 ; Tavoy,
xiii. 229 ; Thayet - myo, xiii. 279 ;
Tipperah, xiii. 313 ; Travancore, xiii.
345 ; Tiimkur, xiii. 376 ; Twenty-four
Parganas, xiii. 389 ; Wardha, xiii.
. 524 ; Wun, xiii. 539.
Lepchas, aboriginal tribe, pasture their
cattle in Darjiling, iv. 130 ; the primi-
tive inhabitants of Sikkim, iv. 133,
xii. 485 ; in the Himalayas, v. 412,
413 ; Nepal, x. 279.
Lepers, Asylums for, at Agra, i. 67 ;
Ahmadabad, i. 97 ; Ambala, i. 224 ;
Tarn Taran, near Amritsar, i. 263 ;
Indore, vii. 8 ; Almora, viii. 357 ;
Bangalore, x. 113 ; Nagpur, x. 172;
Ratnagiri, xii. 13 ; Rawal Pindi, xii.
38 ; Pathanwali in Sialkot, xii. 450 ;
Subathu, xiii. 85 ; Tarn Taran, xiii.
215.
Leprosy, especially prevalent in N. Arcot,
i- 319 ; S. Arcot, i. 328 ; Bankura,
ii. 86; Bhagalpur, ii. 351; Birbhum,
iii. 11; Lower Burma, iii. 208;
Cochin, iv. 10 ; Gaya, v. 52 ; Kam-
ri'ip, vii. 365 ; Kheri, viii. 197 ;
Kumaun, %-iii. 357 ; Laccadive Islands,
viii. 396 ; Madras, ix. 119 ; Monghyr,
ix. 489 ; Nellore, x. 271 ; Novvgong,
x. 415; Ratnagiri, xii. 12; Sibsagar,
xii. 471 ; Simla, xii. 495 ; Sultanpur,
xiii. 103 ; Tarn Taran, xiii. 215 ; Unao,
xiii. 435 ; Vizagapatam, xiii. 497.
Levassoult, M., married the Begam
Samru ( 1792 ), committed suicide
(1795), xii. 265.
Lewin, Capt. T. H., accompanied Chit-
tagong column in Lushai expedition
(1871) as political officer, viii. 531 ;
his Hill Tracts of Chittagong, quoted,
iii. 446, 447 ; on jt'tin cultivation, iii.
450 ; on the Tipperahs, v. 399 ; on
the river Matamori, ix. 360.
Li. See Spiti.
Libraries and Reading-rooms are enume-
rated in each District article. See
especially Ahmadabad, i. 97 ; Ahmad-
nagar, i. 107; Aligarh, i. 176, 178;
Allahabad, i. 192 ; the Carmichael at
Benares, ii. 267 ; Bombay, iii. 72 ;
Chinsurah, iii. 419; Cochin, iv. 7;
Coonoor, iv. 28 ; Delhi, iv. 196 ;
Gaya, v. 53; Gonda, v. 156; Hugh,
V. 496 ; Kaira, vii. 307 ; Karachi, vii.
454 ; Kolhapur, viii. 284 ; Kuch
Behar, viii. 326; Madras, ix. 118;
Mahabaleshwar, ix. 143 ; Peshawar,
xi. 160 ; Anhilwara Patan, xi, 82 ;
Serampur, xii. 318 ; Tanjore, xiii. 196 ;
Utakamand, xiii. 453 ; tJttarpara, xiii
459; Wari, xiii. 531.
Lidar, river in Punjab, viii. 471.
Liddell, Col., cleared the mutineers out
of Mau (1858), vii. 220.
Light - houses, lightships, and beacons,
at Aden, i. 15 ; Agoada Head, i. 59;
Savage Island (Akyab), i. 159, viii.
331; Alguada Reef, i. 165, iv. 284;
AUeppi, i, 200 ; Double Island (Am-
herst), i. 233 ; Armagon, i. 331 ; Cali-
cut, iii. 269 ; Chantapilli, iii. 369 ;
Cocanada, iii. 472 ; Cochin, iv. 13 ;
the Cocos Islands, iv. 13 ; Coringa,
iv. 43 ; Covelong, iv. 44 ; mouth of
the Devi, iv. 233 ; Devjagaon, iv.
234 ; Dhamra, iv. 241 ; Dholera, iv.
271 ; Divi Point, iv. 308 ; Double
Island, iv. 315 ; False Point, iv. 390 ;
Geonkhali, v. 53, 54 ; Gopalpur, v.
161 ; Hajamro, v. 290, vii. 14 ; Jata-
pur, vii. 71 ; Janjira (under construc-
tion), vii. 141 ; Kalingapatam, vii.
330 ; Manora Head, Karachi, vii.
452, ix. 338; Karumbhar, viii. 51,
xii. 149 ; Deogarh Island, Karwar
Bay, viii. 55 ; Khun, viii. 2IO ; Khan-
dari Island, viii. 269, 270, xiii. 247 ;
Kolaba, viii. 271 ; Kumpta, viii. 360;
Kutabdia, viii. 380; Madras, ix. 1 13;
Jegri Bluff, Mahawa, ix. 187 ; Mandvi,
ix. 310 ; Mangalore, ix. 314 ; Mangrol,
ix. 316, 317 ; Masulipatam, ix. 353 ;
Negapatam, x. 259 ; Oyster Reef, x.
510 ; Pambam, xi. 23 ; Perim (Red
Sea), xi. 138 ; Perim (Gulf of Cambay),
xi. 138, 139 ; Pondicherri, xi. 199 ;
Port Canning (lightship), xi. 221 ;
Ratnagiri, xii. 13 ; Rojhi, xii. 79 ;
Sagar Island, xii. Iio; the Tapti,
xiii. 205 ; Tellicherri, xiii. 237 ; Hare
Island, Tuticorin, xiii. 385 ; Vengurla
Point, xiii. 470 ; Vengurla Rock, xiii.
470-
Likhi, petty State in Bombay, \'iii. 471.
Lilajan, river in Bengal, viii. 471.
Lima, Lopez de, Governor-General of
Goa, deposed by a military revolt, v.
106.
Limbus, aboriginal tribe in the Hima-
layas, V. 413; Nepal, X. 279; Sikkim,
xii. 486.
Lime found, or burnt from shells or lime-
stone, in Amherst (carbonate of), i.
235 ; N. Arcot, i. 312 ; Assam, i.
348 ; Bankura, ii. 79 ; Bassein, ii.
194 ; Basti, ii. 209 ; Bikaner, ii. 439 ;
Belgaum, iii. 44 ; Lower Burma, iii.
202 ; Cherra, iii. 392 ; Chitta Pahar,
iii. 452; Darjiling, iv. 138; Darrang,
iv. 142 ; Dungarpur, iv. 322 ; Garo
Hills, v. 26; Gujrat, v. 194; Kan-
196
INDEX.
gundi, vii. 431 ; Karauli, vii. 471 ;
Khasi Hills, viii. 171, 173; Khyrim,
viii. 215; Langiin, viii. 460; Lohar-
daga, viii. 476; Ludhiana, viii. 519;
Madura, ix. 121 ; Mao-iong, ix. 343 ;
Mao-san-ram, ix. 343 ; Monghyr, ix.
481 ; Nepal, x. 278; rilibhit, xi. 171 ;
Punganur, xi. 243 ; Rohri, xii. 65 ;
Salem, xii. 153 ; Sandoway, xii. 200 ;
Saran, xii. 252 ; Satara, xii. 276 ;
Shahabad, xii. 324 ; Shahjahanpur,
xii. 344; the Sundarbans, xiii. 112;
Talclier, xiii. 164; Thayet-myo, xiii.
278 ; Tinnevelli, xiii. 298.
Limestone, article 'India,' vi. 41, 42;
627, 628. Local notices — Found, or
quarried, in Ambala, i. 215 ; Amherst,
i. 232, 235 ; Arcot, i. 308 ; N. Arcot,
i. 312; S. Arcot, i. 327; Assam, i.
347 ; Banda, ii. 47 ; Bangalore, ii. 59 ;
Bassein, ii. 193 ; Bellary, ii. 241 ;
Birbhiim, iii. 2 ; Bombay, iii. 44 ;
Broach, iii. 102 ; Bundelkhand, iii.
151 ; Lower Burma, iii. 201, 202;
Upper Burma, iii. 211 ; Central India,
iii. 295 ; Chittagong Hill Tracts, iii.
448 ; Chitta Pahar, iii. 453 ; Cudda-
pah, iv. 48 ; Dam-ma-tha, iv. 104,
105 ; Darrang, iv. 142 ; the Deccan,
iv. 165 ; Dera Ismail Khan, iv. 220 ;
Dholpur, iv. 273 ; Gangaon, v. 2 ;
Garhbori, v. 14 ; Godavari, v. 123 ;
Gujrat, V. 189 •,i Gyaing-than-lwin, v.
238 ; Haidarabad State, v. 241, (Sind),
v, 275 ; Hanthawadi, v. 312 ; the
Himalayas, v. 411 ; Hindu Kush, v.
417; Hoshangabad, v. 442; Hoshiar-
pur, V. 452 ; Jabalpur, vii. 31, 35 ;
jaintia Hills, vii. 49 ; Jaipur, vii. 52 ;
Jalpaiguri, vii. 109 ; the Jamuna
(Assam), vii. 136 ; Jhalawar, vii.
199 ; Kaimur, vii. 298 ; Kaira, vii.
300; Kaladgi, vii. 315 ; Kalahasti,
vii. 321 ; N. Kanara, vii. 369 ; Kan-
gra, vii. 413 ; Karakoram Pass, vii.
461 ; Karanpura, vii. 468 ; Karauli,
vii. 471; Karnul, viii. 34; Kedar
Kanta, viii. 109 ; Khair-Murab, viii.
152; Khairpur, viii. 133; Khandesh,
viii. 151 ; Khasi Hills, viii. 171, 173
Khisor Hills, viii. 203 ; Kohat, viii
242 ; Kumaun, viii. 349 ; Kyauk-pyu
386 ; Laccadive Islands, viii. 393
Lakhimpur, viii. 427 ; Langrin, viii
460; Maharam, ix. 166; Mahram
ix. 185 ; Western Malwa, ix. 269
Mandla, ix. 300 ; Manipur, ix. 324
Mao-don, Mao-iong, and Mao-san
ram, ix. 343 ; Muttra, x. 43 ; Myaung
mya, x. 85 ; Mysore, x. 92 ; Naga
Hills, x. 143 ; Nambar, x. 1S8
Nepal, X. 278 ; Nicobar Islands, x
295 ; Nong-stoin, x. 354 ; Nong-tar
men, x. 354 ; Nowgong, x. 407 ;
Orissa Tributary States, x. 471 ; Pa-
daung, X. 523 ; Panch Mahals, xi.
29 ; Panimar, xi. 43 ; Porbandar, xi.
215; Raipur, xi. 367; Rajputana, xi.
397, 402 ; Ramri, xi. 463 ; Rewa, xii.
45 ' Sagar, xii. loi ; Salem, xii. 153 ;
Salt Range, xii. 171 ; Salwin Hill
Tracts, xii. 174; Sambalpur, xii. 179;
Sameswari river, xii. 184; Sandoway,
xii. 200 ; Shahabad, xii. 324 ; Shikar-
pur, xii. 385 ; Sialkot, xii. 441 ; Sind,
xii. 504 ; Sirmur, xii. 553 ; Sirohi,
xiii. 2 ; Taung-ngu, xiii. 221 ; Thana,
xiii. 251 ; Trichinopoli, xiii. 355 ;
Wun, xiii. 538.
Limra, petty State in Kathiawar, viii.
.471-
Limri, petty State in Bombay, viii. 471,
472.
Limri, town in Kathiawar, viii. 472.
Lingana, hill fort in Bombay, viii. 472.
Lingayats, trading class of Siva-worship-
pers, numerous in Belgaum, ii. 232, 233 ;
Chellakera, iii. 329 ; Chitaldrug, iii.
425 ; Coorg, iv. 34 ; Dharwar, iv. 267 ;
Berar, v. 267 ; Hassan, v. 347 ; Kadur,
vii. 285 ; Madras, ix. 20, 21, 22 ; My-
sore, x. 100; Nyamti, x. 420; Shimoga,
xii. 401, 402; Tumkur, xiii. 377, 379 ;
Vadagenhalli, xiii. 460.
Linschot, Jean Hugues de, Dutch travel-
ler (1583), quoted, on Chaul, iii. 376;
the Portuguese ladies of Goa, v. 102.
Lio, village in Punjab, viii. 472, 473-
Lion, The Indian or maneless, of Gujarat,
article ' India,' vi. 652. Local notices
— Bombay, iii. 45 ; Kathiawar, viii.
96 ; Kotah, viii. 304.
Lister, Col., Political Agent in the Khasi
Hills (1835-54), viii. 171.
Lister, Messrs., their attempts to culti-
vate silkworms in Uehra Dun, iv.
174.
Litar Gotra, petty State in Bombay, viii.
473-
Literature of Bengal^ The, by Mr. Arcy
Dae, quoted, vi. 347 and footnote ; 348,
349, and footnote ; 352 (footnote).
Literature of India, article ' India,' vi.
11S-129 ; 343-354 ; and 480, 481 ; the
Mahabharata, 118 -122; the Rama-
yana, 122-124; later Sanskrit epics,
124, 125; Valmiki, the author of the
Ramayana, 123 ; the poet Kalidasa,
125 ; the Sanskrit drama, 125, 126 ;
the Hindu novel, 127 ; Beast stories
and fables, 127 ; Sanskrit lyric poetry,
128 ; the Puranas or Brahmanical
mediaeval theological writings, 128,
129; modern Indian literature, 129;
Uriya literature and authors, 343, 344 ;
Rajputana sacred literature, 344 ; Hindi
INDEX.
197
literature and authors, 345, 346 ; Ben-
gali literature and authors, 346-354 ;
480, 481.
Little, Captain, took Gandikot (1791),
iv. 464.
« Little Baghmati. See Baghmati, Little.
Little Gandak. See Gandak, Little.
Little Ranjit. See Kanjit, Little.
Lives of the Lindsays, quoted, on the
condition of Sylhet in the last century,
• xiii. 147.
Llota, tribe of the Nagas, x. 147.
Lloyd, Gen., his conduct in the Mutiny
at Dinapur(i857), xi. 96, 97.
Lloyd, Major J. H., his monograph on
the Konkan, used, viii. 291, 292.
Loan. See Laun.
Local Finance, vi. 470.
Local and Internal Trade, Statistics of,
article ' India,' vi. 592-597.
Loch, Captain, routed Maong MyatThun
(1853), iv. 313; stormed stockades of
Akonk-taung, v. 385 ; killed at Dona-
byu, xiii. 389.
Loch, Mr. W. W., his monograph on
Poona, Satara, and Sholapur, used, xi.
201-204.
Lockhart, Colonel W. S. A., revised
Macgregor's account of Kabul, vii.
266-277.
Locusts, Ravages of, article 'India,' vi.
662. Local 7ioiices — Ahmadabad, i. 91 ;
Alwar, i. 205 ; Broach, iii. 107 ; Etah,
iv. 363 ; Kaira, vii. 304 ; Kolaba, viii.
269; Lahore, viii. 41 1; Manbhum,
ix. 284 ; Nasik, x. 233 ; NowgQng, x.
412 ; Rawal Pindi, xii. 31, 32 ; Salem,
xii. 162 ; Sawantwari, xii. 296 ; Sirohi,
xiii. 6 ; Tinnevelli, xiii. 307.
Lodhika, petty State in Kathiawar, viii.
473- , ^ .
Lodhikhera, town in Central Provmces,
viii. 473.
Lodhis, prosperous agricultural caste m
Allahabad, i. 189 ; Azamgarh, i. 395 ;
Balaghat, i. 455 ; Bulandshahr, iii. 137 ;
Cawnpur, iii. 283, 285 ; Damoh, iv.
no, III; Etah, iv. 361; Fatehpur,
iv. 426; Jabalpur, vii. 31, 32; Jhansi,
vii. 222 ; Sagar, xii. 104.
Lodhran, tahsil in Punjab, viii. 473,
474-
Lodi dynasty. The (1450-1526), article
' India,' vi. 286.
Lodi Bahlol (1450-88), deposed Alam
Shah at Budaun (1449). "•• "7 ;
settled Gujrat, and founded Bahlolpur,
v. 189 ; his wars with Jaunpur, and
capture of Jaunpur (1479), vii. 152;
seized Lahore as first step to power
(1436), viii. 406 ; died at Sakit (1488),
xii. 146; founded Sultanpur in Saharan-
pur (1450), xiii. 106.
Loewenthal, suggested that Arrian's
Aornos was near Attock, xi. 506.
Loghassi. See Lughasi.
Lohagara, town in Bengal, viii. 474.
Lohaghat, cantonment in N. -W. Pro-
vinces, viii. 474.
Lohanos, Hindu official and trading class
in Haidarabad(Sind), v. 277 ; Karachi,
vii. 447 ; Khairpur, viii. 135 ; .Shikar-
pur, xii. 392; Sind, xii. 519.
Lohara, estate in Central Provinces, viii.
474- . ^
Lohara Sahaspur, estate m Central
Provinces, viii. 474, 475.
Lohardaga, District in Bengal, viii. 475-
486 ; physical aspects, 475, 476 ; jungle
products, 476 ; minerals, 476, 477 ;
wild animals, 477 ; history, 477-479 :
population, 479-481 ; urban and rural
population, 481, 482 ; agriculture, 482,
483 ; condition of the peasantry, 483,
484 ; natural calamities, 484 ; commerce
and trade, 484, 485 ; administration,
485, 486 ; medical aspects, 486.
Lohardaga, Sub-division in Bengal, viii.
4S6, 487.
Lohardaga, town in Bengal, viii. 487.
Lohargaon, village in N.-W. Provinces,
viii. 487.
Loharinaig, waterfall in N.-W. Provinces,
viii. 487.
Loharu, Native State in Punjab,
487, 488.
Lohgarh, fort in Bombay, viii. 488.
Lohit, river in Assam, viii. 488.
Loisinh, estate in Central Provinces,
488.
Lonar, town in Berar, viii. 488, 489.
Lonara, town in Oudh, viii. 489.
Lonauli, town in Bombay, viii. 489, 490.
London Mission, The. See Protestant
Missions.
Long, Rev. James, translated the Nil
Darpan, article ' India,' vi. 354 ; quoted
on Rangamati, xi. 470 ; Tribeni, xiii.
353-
Loni, historic town in N.-W. Provmces,
viii. 490.
Lormi, estate in Central Provinces, viii.
490.
Losar, village in Punjab, vm. 490.
Loss by exchange, article ' India,' vi.
469.
Louri^al, Marquis de, defeated the
Marathas at Bardez, v. 104.
Lovedale, hill station in Madras, viii.
490.
Love-poems in Krishna-worship, vi. 223.
Lovett, Mr., held Howrah (1785). v.
464.
Low, Col., Resident at Lucknow (1841),
his efforts to suppress Bhagwant Singh,
^- 493-
vm.
Vlll.
198
INDEX.
Lowa, town in Oudli, viii. 490.
Lowaghar. Sec Maidani.
Low-caste apostles in religious reforma-
tions in Siva and Vishnu worship, vi.
207, 208.
Lower Ganges Canal, Statistics of,
article ' India,' vi. 29 ; 532, 533. See
Ganges Canal, Lower, iv. 475-477.
Lucena, quoted, on the finding of the
cross on St. Thomas' Mount in 1547,
xii. 143.
Luckeeserai, railway station in Bengal,
viii. 490.
Lucknow, Division in Oudh, viii. 490-
492.
Lucknow, District in Oudh, viii. 492-
502 ; physical aspects, 492, 493 ; his-
tory, 493-496 ; population, 496, 497 ;
urban and rural population, 497 ; agri-
culture, 497-498 ; tenures, 498-499 ;
famines, 499 ; roads and communica-
tions, 499, 500 ; manufactures, trade,
etc., 500; administration, 500, 501;
medical aspects, 501, 502.
Lucknow, tahsil and pargand in Oudh,
viii. 502, 503.
Lucknow, capital of Oudh, viii. 503-518 ;
situation and general appearance, 503,
504; history, 504-511; architecture,
511, 512 ; mutiny narrative, 512-515;
population, 515, 516; commerce and
trade, 516; administration, 517; edu-
cation, etc., 517 ; military statistics,
517, 518; siege and relief of, article
' India,' vi. 420, 421.
Ludhiana, District in Punjab, viii. 518-
525; physical aspects, 51S, 519; his-
tory, 519-521 ; population, 521 ; urban
and rural population, 521, 522 ; agri-
culture, 522, 523 ; natural calamities,
523 ; commerce and trade, 523, 524 ;
administration, 524, 525 ; medical
aspects, 525.
Ludhiana, tahsil in Punjab, viii. 525, 526.
Ludhiana, town in Punjab, viii. 526.
Lugard, Gen. Sir Edward, defeated Kuar
Singh at Azamgarh (1858), i. 395.
Lughasi, Native State in Central India,
viii. 527.
Lugu, hill in Bengal, viii. 527.
Luka, river in Assam, viii. 527.
Lukman-jo-Tando. See Tando Lukman.
Lumbaiong, mountain range in Assam,
viii. 527.
Lumsden, General Sir H. B., his mission
to Kabul (1857-58), i. 51 ; quoted, on
the Kafirs, vii. 290 ; on Kandahar, vii.
394 ; on the fighting men in the Kuram
valley, viii. 368.
Lumsden, General Sir P. S. , took com-
mand of the Commission formarkingthe
N. boundary of Afghanistan, vii. 275.
Lunatic asylums. See the different Pro-
vincial articles, and particularly at
Ahmadabad, i. 93 ; Ajmere, i. 131 ;
Tezpur in Assam, i. 373 ; in Bengal,
ii. 322 ; Berhampur, ii. 325, x. 31 ;
Bhawanipur (for Europeans), ii. 384 ;
in Bombay Presidency, iii. 73 ; Kolaba,
iii. 84, viii. 27 ; Calicut, iii. 268,
ix. 80; Dacca, iv. 89 ; Delhi, iv. 196 ;
Dhalandhar, iv. 238 ; Dharwar, iv.
265 ; Haidarabad (Sind), v. 288 ;
Lahore, viii. 413 ; Lucknow, viii. 502 ;
in Madras Presidency, ix. 80 ; Banga-
lore, X. 113; Nagpur, x. 172, 174;
Rangoon, xi. 484 ; in the Twenty-four
Parganas, xiii. 399 ; Vizagapatam, xiii.
496.
Lunawara, Native State in Bombay, viii.
527, 528.
Lunawara, capital of State in Bombay,
viii. 528, 529.
Lushai Hills, tract on N.-E. frontier, viii.
529-532.
Lushais or Kukis, aboriginal tribe on
N.-E. frontier, i. 351 ; Cachar, iii.
231, 235 ; Chittagong Hill Tracts, iii.
448, 449, 450 ; Hill Tipperah, v. 399 ;
Jaintia Hills, vii. 148 ; Manipur, ix.
130; Naga Hills, x. 150, 151 ; Sylhet,
xiii. 149.
Lushington, S. R., Governor of Madras
(1827-32), ix. 67.
Lushington, S. T., Commissioner of
Kumaun, carried out settlement there,
viii. 351.
Lutheran Missions, article 'India,' vi.
259, 260. See Protestant Missions.
Lyall, Sir A. C, Lieutenant-Governor of
the N.-W. Provinces and Oudh (1882),
X. 370.
Lyell, Sir Charles, Principles of Geology,
quoted, vi. 27.
Lytton, Lord, Viceroy of India (1876-80),
Proclamation of the Queen as Empress
of India, great famine of 1877-78,
second Afghan war, article ' India,'
vi. 426, 427 ; his attempt to establish
British agencies in Afghanistan, i. 52.
M
Macartney, Lord, Governor of Madras
(1781-85), ix. 67.
Macaulay, Lord, first Law Member of the
Council of India, article ' India,' vi.
406 ; quoted on dive's defence of
Arcot, i. 310.
Macdonald, Mr., sub-Collector of Cudda-
pah, murdered in a riot there (1832),
iv. 50.
Macdonald, Major, Commandant of Fort
M ichni , murdered by Mohmands ( 1 873),
ix. 475-
• INDEX.
199
Macgregor, Sir C. ^I. , his estimate of
the population of Afghanistan, i. 45 ;
use made of his account of Herat, v.
391 ; of Kabul, vii. 266-277 ; of Kan-
dahar, vii. 389-398 ; of the Khaibar
Pass, viii. 124-127 ; quoted, on the
Kuram valley, viii. 369 ; on the Safed
Koh Mountains, xii. 97-99 ; on the
Sulaiman Hills, xiii. 94.
Macharda, village in Kathiawar, viii.
532, 533-
Machari, village in Rajputana, viii. 533.
Machavaram, town in Madras, viii. 533.
Machhgaon, port in Bengal, viii. 533.
Machhgaon Canal, branch of the Orissa
Canal System, viii. 533.
Machhligaon, village in Oudh, viii. 533.
Machhlishahr, town and taksilm N.-W.
Provinces, viii. 533, 534.
Machhreta, town and pargaitd in Oudh,
viii- 534, 535-
Machida, estate in Central Provinces,
^'"•. 535-
Machiwara, town in Punjab, viii. 535.
Mackenzie, Gordon, quoted, on the storm-
wave at Masulipatam (1864), ix. 355-
357-
Mackeson, Lieut., his attack on Ali
Masjid (1839), viii. 124.
Mackeson, Fort, military outpost in
Punjab, viii. 535, 536.
^Maclean, J. M., quoted, on the Govern-
ment House at Parell, xi. 61 ; on the
Vehar Reservoir, xiii. 465, 466.
Macleod, Sir Donald, Donald town,
Lahore, named after, viii. 417, 418;
third Lieut. -Governor of the Punjab,
xi. 270.
Macleod, Capt., put down the rising of
the Naikdas in the Panch Mahals
(1868), xi. 30.
Macmorine, Col., his victory at Gadar-
wara (1818), x. 219.
Macnaghten, Sir Francis, Portrait of, in
the High Court, Calcutta, iii. 251.
Macnaghten, Sir William, Assassination
of, at Kabul (1841), i. 50, vi. 408;
indignities offered to his body, vii.
272, 273.
Macpherson, Sir H. T., sent from
Kabul to disperse Afghans, vii. 274 ;
his brigade at the battle of Kandahar
(1880), vii. 397.
Macpherson, Sir John, Governor-General,
(1785, 1786), ii. 278.
Macpherson, Major S. C, his manage-
ment of the Kandhs, vii. 404, 405.
Macrae, James, Governor of Madras,
(1725-30), ix. 67.
Madahis, aboriginal tribe in Assam, i,
351 ; Darrang, iv. 145.
l\Lidahpura, town and Sub-division in
Bengal, viii. 536.
Madaksira, town and tdlitk in Madras,
viii. 536.
Madanapalli, town and taluk in Madras,
viii. 537-
Madanganj, town in Bengal, viii. 537.
Madanpur, estate in Central Provinces,
viii- 537-
Madapollam, historic weaving village in
Madras, viii. 537, 538.
Madari, river in Bengal, viii. 538.
Madaria, town in N.-W. Provinces, viii.
538-
Madaripur, village and Sub-division in
Bengal, viii. 538. ^
Madat Khan, Pathan leader, destroyed
Badin in a raid on Sind, i. 409.
Madavarvilagam, town in Madras, viii.
538, 539-
Madder, grown in Afghanistan, i. 38 ;
Baluchistan, ii. 36 ; Nepal, x. 277 ;
Sandoway, xii. 202, 203.
Maddikera, town in Madras, viii. 539.
Maddock, Sir Herbert, agent at Sagar,
built great house at Gachakota, v. 13.
Maddur, village and tdhtk in Mysore,
viii. 539.
Made, village in Coorg, viii. 539.
Madgiri, town and taluk in Mysore, viii.
539-
Madgiri-driig, hill in Mysore, viii. 540.
Madgula, town in Madras, viii. 540.
Madha, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, viii. 540, 541.
Madham, petty State in Punjab, viii.
541-
Madhapur, town in Kathiawar, viii. 541.
Madhava Acharya, Sanskrit religious
writer of the 14th century, vi. 191.
Madhava Rao, Sir, Diwan of Baroda
(1875), ii. 168.
Madhepur, town in Bengal, viii. 541.
Madheswaranmalai, town in Madras, viii,
541, 542-
Madhopur, town in Rajputana, viii. 542.
Madhubani, town and Sub-division in
Bengal, viii. 542.
Madhugarh, town and tahsil in N.-W.
Provinces, viii. 542, 543.
Madhumati. See Baleswar.
Madhuna Panth, Maratha Brahman,
prime minister of the last king of
Golconda, killed at Haidarabad (1686),
V. 256.
Madhupur, village in Punjab, viii. 543.
Madhupur, jungle in E. Bengal, viii. 543.
Madhupur. See Madhepur.
Madhu Rao, fourth Peshwa (1761-72),
article ' India,' vi. 321. See also
Marathas.
Madhu Rao Narayan, sixth Peshwa
(1774-95), fi''^'^ Maratha war, and
treaty of Salbai, article ' India,' vi.
323. See also Marathas.
200
INDEX.
\
Madhu Sudan Datta, Bengali epic poet
of the 19th century, article ' India,' vi.
354- ,
Madhwapur, village in Bengal, viii. 543.
Madhyarjunam, town in Madras, viii.
543, 544.
Madnagarh, reservoir in Central Pro-
vinces, viii. 544.
Madras Presidency, ix. 1-102 ; bound-
aries, I, 2 ; general aspect, 2, 3 ;
rivers, mountains, and lakes, 3, 4 ;
minerals, 4-6 ; forests, 6-8 ; wild and
domestic animals, 8, 9 ; history, 9-15 ;
people, 15, 18 ; ethnical classification,
18, 19 ; castes, 19-21 ; religious classi-
fication, 21-25 ; occupations, 25, 26 ;
emigration, 26 ; houses and towns, 26,
27 ; agriculture, 27-31 ; coffee planta-
tions, 31, 32 ; tea plantations, 32 ;
tobacco cultivation, 32-34 ; cinchona,
34. 35 ; government farm, 35 ; wages
and prices, 35, 36 ; famine of 1876-78,
37-40 ; irrigation, 40-44 ; land tenures,
44-50 ; survey and settlement, 50, 51 ;
zammdari or permanently settled
estates, 51 ; indms or revenue-free
grants, 52, 53 ; manufactures, 53, 54 ;
salt manufacture, 54-57 ; history of
dbkdri in Madras, 57, 58 ; arrack and
toddy, 58-60 ; railways, 60 ; commerce
and trade, 60-64 > administration, 64-
66 ; governors of Madras under British
rule, 66, 67 ; local and municipal ad-
ministration, 67 - 69 ; revenue and
expenditure, 69-74 ; Madras army, 74,
75 ; police, 75, 76 ; criminal statistics,
77 ; jails, 77 ; education, 77-79 ;
medical aspects, 79, 80 ; botany and
zoology of Madras, 80-82 ; climate of
Southern India as affecting vegetation,
82, 83 ; general character of the flora,
83 ; dry region, 83-85 ; moist region,
85, 86 ; very moist region, 86, 87 ;
food-grains and pulses, 87, 88 ; fauna
of Southern India, 88 ; Mammals : —
quadrumana — cheiroptera — insectivora
^carnivora — rodentia — edentata —
proboscidea — ungulata, 88-91 ; Birds :
— raptores or birds of prey — passeres
or perching birds — scansores— tenui-
rostres — dentirostres — conirostres —
gallinae vel rasores or game birds —
grallatores^natatores, 91-94; Reptiles :
— turtles, lizards, etc. — snakes, 94-
96 ; Amphibians : — frogs, toads, 96 ;
Fishes : — fresh-water fishes — brackish-
water fishes — sea fishes, 96, 97 ;
Mollusca : — cephalopoda — ophisto-
branchiata, 98 ; Insects : — coleoptera —
orthoptera — hymenoptera — lepidoptera
— diptera — rhynchota — arachnida —
myriapoda, 99-102 ; Crustacea, 102.
Madras City, capital of Madras Pre-
sidency, ix. 102-II9 ; history, 103, 104 ;
general appearance, 104- 107 ; popula-
tion, 107, 108 ; religions, 108, 109 ;
municipality, 109- ill ; port, trade, etc.,
111-114; industries, 114; live stock,
prices of produce, 1 14 ; sporting, 1 14 ;
communications, 114, 1 15; education,
etc., 115, 116; judicial, I16, I17 ;
police, 117; institutions, 117-II9;
climate, etc., 119; article 'India,'
founded in 1639, the first territorial
British possession in India, vi. 369 ;
378 ; capture of, by the French ; in-
effectual siege of, by the British ;
restoration to the British, vi. 379.
Madrasas or Muhammadan Colleges, at
Calcutta, article ' India,' vi. 473 ; iii.
259 ; Dacca, iv. 87, 92 ; Hugh, v.
498.
Madura, District in Madras, ix. 1 19-132 ;
physical aspects, 120-122 ; history,
122-124; population, 124-128; agri-
culture, 128, 129; natural calamities,
129, 130; manufactures, etc.,. 130;
communications, 130 ; administra-
tion, 131 ; medical aspects, 131,
132.
Madura, tdliik in Madras, ix. 132.
Madura, town in Madras, ix. 132-135.
Madura, river in Assam, ix. 135.
Madurantakam, tdhik in Madras, ix.
135-
Mafuz Bandar. See Chicacole.
Magadha, kings of, their power in India,
ii. 227; in the N.-W. Provinces, x.
362 ; their capitals at Patna, xi. 106,
107 ; and Rajagriha, xi. 380.
Magadi, village and tdluk in Mysore, ix.
136.
Maganand, mountain pass in Punjab, ix.
136.
Magars, aboriginal tribe, in the Hima-
layas, V. 413 ; in Nepal, x. 279.
Magar Talao, tank, hot springs, and
temple in Bombay, ix. 136-139.
Magdapur,/flrfi3«rt in Oudh, ix. 139.
Maghar, village in N.-W. Provinces, ix.
139-
Maghera, town in N.-W. Provinces, ix.
139-
Maghiana, town in Punjab, ix. 139, 140.
Maghs or Arakanese, in Bakarganj, i.
443, 444 ; Chittagong (their ravages),
iii. 435, 436 ; Chittagong Hill Tracts,
iii. 449 ; Cox's Bazar, iv. 45 ; Kyauk-
pyu, viii. 386 ; the Sundarbans, xiii.
Ill; Taung-ngu, xiii. 223 ; Tavoy,
xiii. 230.
Magori, petty State in Bombay, ix. 140.
Magrah, town in Bengal, ix. 140.
Magrayar, /a;-^aM« in Oudh, ix. 140, 141.
Magura, town and Sub-division in Bengal,
ix. 141.
INDEX.
20I
Mahabaleshwar, hill station and sani-
tarium in Bombay, ix. 141-143.
Mahabalipur, village, with temples, in
Madras, ix. 143-149.
Mahaban, iahsilin N.-W. Provinces, ix.
149, 150.
Mahaban, historic town in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, ix. 150-152.
Mahaban, mountain in Yagistan, ix. 152.
Maha Bandula, besieged Rangoon (1824),
'iii. 224, 225, iv. 313; defeated and
killed at Donabyii (,1825), xiii. 289.
Mahabar, range of hills in Bengal, ix.
152, 153-
Mahabat Khan, Akbar's general, occupied
Udaipur (1577), xiii. 409.
Mahabharata, the epic poem of the
heroic age in N. India, article 'India,'
vi. 1 18- 1 22; the struggle between the
Kauravas and Pandavas, 1 19, 120;
the polyandry of Draupadi, 121.
Mahad, town and Sub-division in Bombay,
ix. 153, 154.
Mahadanapuram, town in Madras, ix.
Mahadeo, river in Assam, ix. 154.
Mahadeopahar, group of hills in Central
Provinces, ix. 154, 155.
Mahadeva, /ar^awa in Oudh, ix. 155.
Mahagaon, estate in Central Provinces,
ix. 155.
Mahaklidurga, hill in Mysore, ix. 155.
Mahalingpur, town in Bombay, ix. 155.
Mahamuni, Buddhist temple in Bengal,
ix. 155, 156.
Mahamuni, pagoda in Burma, ix. 156.
Mahanadi, river in Central Provinces and
Orissa, ix. 156-163 ; course of the river,
156-158; floods, 158; canal system,
158-160 ; general view of the Orissa
canals, 160 ; irrigation capabilities,
160-162 ; financial aspects, 162, 163 ;
physical action of the river, 163.
Mahanadi, river in Orissa and Madras,
ix. 163. See Rushikuliya.
Mahanadi, Little, river in Central Pro-
vinces, ix. 163, 164.
Mahananda, river in N. Bengal, ix. 164.
Mahan Singh, father of Ranjit Singh, his
mausoleum at Gujranwala, v. 187 ; his
wars with Sahib Singh of Gujrat, v.
190 ; restored town and salt trade of
Miani (1787), ix. 421 ; conquered
Miani (1783), xii. 362; sacked Jamu
(1784,) xii. 442.
Maharajganj, trading town in Saran
District, Bengal, ix. 164.
Maharajganj, trading suburb of Patna
city, Bengal, ix. 164.
Maharajganj, town and tahsil in N.-W.
Provinces, ix. 165.
Maharajganj. See Newalganj.
Maharajnagar, village in Oudh, ix. 165.
Maharajnagar, town in Central India, ix.
Maharajpur, village in Central Provinces,
ix. 165, 166.
Maharam. See Mah-ram.
Maharam, petty State in Assam, ix. 166.
Maharashtra, historic kingdom in W.
India, ix. 166-168.
Mahasthangarh, ancient shrine in Bengal,
ix. 168.
Mahasu, mountain near Simla, Punjab,
ix. 168, 169.
Mahathaman, township in Burma, ix. 169.
Mahatpur, town in Punjab, ix. 169, 170.
Mahatwar, town in N.-W. Provinces, ix.
170.
Mahavinyaka, peak in Bengal, ix. 170.
Mahe, French settlement in Madras, ix.
170, 171.
Maheji, town in Bombay, ix. 171, 172.
Mahendragiri, mountain peak in Madras,
ix. 172.
Mahendratanaya, river in Madras, ix. 172.
Mahesar. See Maheswar.
Mahesh, village in Bengal, ix. 172.
Mahesh-rekha. See Ulubaria.
Mahespur, town in Bengal, ix. 172, 173.
Maheswar, town in Central India, ix.
173-
Mahgawan, town in Oudh, ix. 173.
Mahi, river in Bombay, ix. 173, 174.
Mahiganj, town in Bengal, ix. 175.
Mahi Kantha, The, group of Native
States in Bombay, ix. 175-179; physi-
cal aspects, 176 ; history, 176, 177 ;
population, 177, 178 ; Bhils, 178,
179; agriculture, trade, etc., 179.
Mahim, Sub-division in Bombay, ix. 179,
180.
Mahim, town in Bombay, ix. 180, 181.
Mahim, historic town in Punjab, ix. 181.
Mahlog, State in Punjab, ix. 181.
Mahmud of Ghazni (1001-30), article
'India,' vi. 272-275; his seventeen
invasions of India, 272, 273 ; patriotic
resistance of the Hindus, 273 ; sack of
Somnath, 273, 274 ; conquest of the
Punjab, 274 ; Mahmud's justice and
thrift, 274, 275. Localnotices — Sacked
Ajmere, i. 119, 120; took Bhatnair,
ii. 378; at Bulandshahr, iii. 133 ; con-
ciliated by the Chandel Raja, iii. 154 ;
plundered Etawah, iv. 379; defeated
Ajai Pal, Raja of Kanauj, iv. 410 ;
besieged Gwalior, v. 236 ; besieged
Kalinjar, vii. 332 ; took Kanauj, vii.
386 ; took Kandahar, vii. 392 ;
plundered shrine of Kangra, vii.
414 ; invaded Karachi, vii. 446 ; and
Kashmir, viii. 61 ; sacked Somnath,
viii. 90, xiii. 51 ; occupied Lahore,
viii. 405 ; sacked Mahaban, ix. 150 ;
attacked the Por Raja of Baran, ix.
202
INDEX.
383 ; took Multan, x. 4 ; and Munj,
X. 15 ; sacked Muttra, x. 54 ; his
invasions of the N.-W. Provinces,
X. 363 ; made Peshawar base for his
invasions, xi. 148 ; defeated the Raj-
puts under Prithwi Raja on the plains
of Chach, xii. 23 ; sacked Sharwa and
defeated Raja Chand, xii. 271 ; con-
quered Shikarpur, xii. 386 ; took
Talamba, xiii. 163 ; sacked Thaneswar,
xiii. 260 ; took Uchh, xiii. 400.
Mahmud Gawan, minister of the last
Bahniani king, his attempt to settle
Maharashtra (1472), xi. 202.
Mahmud Shah, last independent king of
Bengal, died at Colgong (1539), iv.
23- , ,
Mahmud Shah Begara, king of Gujarat,
completed fortifications of Ahmadabad,
i. 94 ; took Champaner, iii. 333 ;
built mosque at Junagarh, vii. 263 ;
founded Mehmadabad (1479), ix. 400 ;
took Pawagarh (1484), xi. 122.
Mahmiid, Sultan of Jaunpur, defeated at
Delhi by Bahlol Lodi (1452), vii. 152 ;
took Kalpi (1442), vii. 342.
Mahmud Tughlak, last king of the Tugh-
lak dynasy (1398- 1414), invasion of
Timi'ir (Tamerlane), vi. 285.
Mahmi'idabad, town and pargand in
Oudh, ix. 181, 182.
Mahoba, tahsil in X.-W. Provinces, ix.
182.
Mahoba, historic town in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, ix. 182, 183.
Mahogany trees, in Malabar, ix. 229.
Maholi, pargand in Oudh, ix. 183, 184.
Mahona, town and pargand in Oudh, ix.
184.
Mahraj, town in Punjab, ix. 184, 185.
Mahram, petty State in Assam, ix. 185.
Mahrauni. See Mihrauni.
Ma-htun. See Ma-tun.
Mahud trees, found in Aligarh, i. 168 ;
Allahabad, i. 190 ; Asoha, i. 340 ;
Bachhrawan, i. 405 ; Bailgaon, i.
437; Banda, ii. 51; Basim, ii. 184;
Bhagalpur, ii. 343 ; Bhandara, ii. 361 ;
Bihar, ii. 420; Birhar, iii. 12; Bom-
bay, iii. 45 ; Bundelkhand, iii. 152 ;
Biirhapara, iii. 165 ; Cawnpur, iii.
280 ; Chanda, iii. 349 ; Chhota Udai-
pur, iii. 405 ; Dharampur, iv. 249 ;
Dungarpur, iv. 323; Edar, iv. 337;
Fatehpur, iv. 423 ; Gaya, v. 44 ;
Gonda, v. 146 ; Hazaribagh, v. 370 ;
Jaunpur, vii. 150; Kantha, vii. 437;
Kathi, viii. 87 ; Kawardha, viii. 106 ;
Lalitpur, viii. 447 ; Lohara, viii.
474 ; Lohardaga, viii. 476 ; Makrai,
ix. 215; Mauranwan, ix. 374;
Monghyr, ix. 480; Nagpur, x. 271 ;
Narsinghpur, X. 217; Nimar, x. 333;
Oudh, X. 482 ; Panch Mahals, xi. 29 ;
Partabgarh, xi. 68 ; Rai Bareli, xi.
352 ; Raipur, xi. 368 ; Rangi, xi. 471 ;
Rewa, xii. 46 ; Rewa Kantha, xii. 49 ;
Sadullanagar, xii. 95 ; Sagar, xii. loi ;
Sakti, xii. 148; Sambalpur, xii. 178;
Santal Parganas, xii. 234 ; Shahabad,
xii. 323 ; Singhpur, xii. 521 ; Sultan-
pur, xiii. 97 ; Unao, xiii. 436 ; Wada,
xiii. 504 ; Wardha, xiii. 526 ; Wiin,
xiii. 543.
Mahuagarhi, peak in Bengal, ix. 185.
Mahiidha, town in Bombay, ix. 185.
Mahudi, hill in Bengal, ix. 185.
Mahul, port in Bombay, ix. 185, 186.
Mahul, iahstl in N.-W. Provinces, ix
186.
Mahuli. See Maholi.
Mahuli, hill fortress in Bombay, ix. 186,
Mahurigaon, petty State in Kalhiawar,
ix. 187.
Mahuwa, town and port in Kathiawar,
ix. 187.
Maibang, ruins in Assam, ix. 187, 188.
Maidani,hill range in Punjab, ix. 188.
Maihar, Native State in Central India,
ix. 188, 189.
Maihar, town in Central India, ix. 189.
Maikal, hill range in Central Provinces,
ix. 190.
Mailapur (St. Thomas' Mount), legendary
martyrdom of St. Thomas the Apostle
at, near Madras city, vi. 231. See also
Mylapur.
Mailavaram, estate in Madras, ix. 190.
Mailavaram, town in Madras, ix. 190.
Mailog. See Mahlog.
Mailsi, tahsil in Punjab, ix. 190.
Maimansingh, District in Bengal, ix. 190-
201 ; physical aspects, 191, 192 ;
population, 192-194; urban and rural
population, 194, 195 ; agriculture, 195-
197 ; natural calamities, 197, 198 ;
commerce, trade, etc., 198 ; roads and
means of communication, 198, 199 ;
administration, 199 ; medical aspects,
200, 201.
Maimansingh, Sub - division in Bengal,
ix. 201.
Maimansingh town. See Nasirabad.
Maini, town in Bombay, ix. 201, 202.
Mainpuri, District in N.-W. Provinces,
ix. 202-212 ; physical aspects, 201-203;
history, 203, 204 ; population, 204-
206 ; urban and rural population, 206,
207 ; infanticide, 207, 208; agriculture,
208, 209 ; natural calamities, 209, 210;
\ commerce and trade, means of com-
munication, 210 ; administration, 2IO,
211 ; medical aspects, 211, 212.
Mainpuri, tahsU in N.-W. Provinces, ix.
212.
INDEX.
20'
Mainpuri, town in N.-W. Provinces, ix.
212, 213.
Maipara, river in Bengal, ix. 213.
Mairwara. See Merwara.
Maisaram, village near Haidarabad,
Deccan, ix. 213.
Maisur. See Mysore.
Maitland, Lieut., dispersed the Larka
Kols in Singhbhiim (1S20), xii. 533.
Maize, or Indian corn, cultivated on
Mount Abi'i, i. 7 ; in Afghanistan, i.
38 ; Ajmere - ^Merwara, i. 125 ; Ali-
Rajpur, i. 181 ; Ahvar, i. 205; Ambala,
i. 220 ; Amjhera, i. 244 ; Amritsar, i.
259 ; Andaman Islands, i. 286 ; Assam,
i. 362 ; Azamgarh, i. 397 ; Bahraich,
i. 430 ; Banda, ii. 51 ; Bannu, ii. 94;
Benares, ii. 258 ; Bhagalpur, ii. 348 ;
Bombay, iii. 54 ; Bulandshahr, iii.
137 ; Bundi, iii. 159 ; Upper Burma,
iii. 210 ; Cawnpur, iii. 285 ; Chamba,
iii. 329 ; Champaran, iii. 341 ; Chitta-
gong, iii. 439 ; Chittagong Hill Tracts,
iii. 450, 451 ; Danta, iv. iiS ; Dapila
Hills, iv. 119; Darjiling, iv. 134;
Delhi, iv. 182 ; Dera Ghazi Khan, iv.
214 ; Dinajpur, iv. 294 ; Dungarpur,
iv. 323 ; Etah, iv. 362 ; Faridpur, iv.
403 ; P'arukhabad, iv. 413 ; P'atehpur
Chaurasi, iv. 432 ; Firozpur, iv. 443 ;
Gaya, v. 49 ; Gonda, v. 152 ; Goona,
V. 159 ; Gujranwala, v. 1S4 ; Gujrat,
v. 193 ; Gurdaspur, v. 21 1 ; Gwalior,
V. 228 ; Haidarabad, v. 245 ; Hazara,
V. 365 ; Hazaribagh, v. 375 ; Herat,
v. 391; Hoshiarpur, v. 455:. Hugh,
V. 494 ; Jaipur, vii. 52 ; Jalandhar,
vii. 88 ; Jaunpur, vii. 155 ; "jessor, vii.
187 ; Jhabua, vii. 195 ; J hang, vii.
210 ; Kalsia, vii. 344 ; Kangra, vii.
424 ; Kapurthala, vii. 443 ; Kashmir,
viii. 72 ; Khasi Hills, viii. 177; Kistna,
viii. 230 ; Kohat, viii. 247 : Korea,
viii. 297 ; Kulu, viii. 342 ; Kumaiin,
viii. 354 ; Lahore, viii. 410 ; Lakhim-
pur, viii. 433 ; Lohardaga, viii. 483 ;
. Lucknow, viii. 497 ; Ludhiana, viii.
522; Madras, ix. 30; Maimansingh,
ix, 195 ; Mainpuri, ix. 208 ; Maldah,
ix. 244 ; Manbhum, ix. 283 ; Mandi,
ix. 298; Manipur, ix. 331; Meerut, ix.
387 ; Mohanpur, ix. 474 ; Monghyr,
ix. 485 ; Naga Hills, x. 152 ; Nepal,
X. 276, 277 ; N.-W. Provinces, x. 377;
Xowgong, X. 411 ; Oudh, x. 501 ;
Panch Mahals, xi. 32 ; Patna, xi. loi ;
Peshawar, xi. 153 ; Pishin, xi. 190 ;
Punjab, xi. 278 ; Rajpur-Ali, xi. 394 ;
Kajputana, xi. 418; Rajshahi, xi. 433 ;
Rawal Pindi, xii. 29; .Santal Parganas,
xii. 232 ; Saran, xii. 255 ; Shahabad,
xii. 329 ; Shahjahanpur, xii. 349 ;
Sialkot, xii. 446 ; Sibsagar, xii. 466 ;
Sikkim, xii. 4S6 ; Simla, xii. 493 ;
Singhbhiim, xii. 537, 538 ; Sirohi, xiii.
5 ; Sunth, xiii. 1 14 ; Tarai, xiii. 209 ;
Udaipur, xiii. 402 ; Yusafzai, xiii. 558.
Majhauli - Salimpur, village in N.-W.
Provinces, ix. 213, 214.
Majhaura, parganu in Oudh, ix. 214.
Majhgaon. See Rajapur.
Majithia, town in Punjab, ix. 214, 215.
Majju Khan, mutineer leader, ruled in
Moradabad imtil April 1858, when he
was hanged, ix. 507.
Majnun Khan, Akbar's general, took
Kalinjar (1507), vii. 322.
Makhad. See ^lokhad.
Makhanpur, village in N.-W. Provinces,
ix. 215.
Makhi, town in Oudh, ix. 215.
Makrai, petty State in Central Provinces,
ix. 215.
Maksudabad. See Murshidabad.
Maksudangarh, petty State in Central
India, ix. 215, 216.
Makum, village in Assam, ix. 216 ; coal-
beds, article ' India,' vi. 621.
Makunda Ram, famous poet of Bardwan
in the i6th century, story of Kalketu
the hunter, article ' India,' vi. 350,
351 ; the Srimanta Sadagar, 351.
Makurti, peak in Madras, ix. 2l6.
Malabar, District in Madras, ix. 216-235;
derivation of name, 216, 217 ; jurisdic-
tion, 217 ; physical aspects, 217-220 ;
history, 220-224 ; population, 224-228 ;
Christians, 228, 229 ; forests, 229 ;
agriculture, 229-231; coffee and tea
plantations, 231 ; land tenure, 231,
232 ; natural calamities, 232 ; means
of communication, 232, 233 ; manu-
factures and trade, 233; administration,
233, 234 ; medical aspects, 234, 235.
Malabar Christians, legendary preaching
of St. Thomns the Apostle on the
Malabar and Coromandel coasts (68),
article 'India,' vi. 229; Thomas the
Manichrean and Thomas the Armenian
merchant, their rival claims as founders
of Christianity in Southern India, 231,
232 ; troubles of the ancient Indian
Church, 240; the St. Thomas Nestorian
Christians of Malabar, a powerful and
respected military caste, 240, 241 ;
Portuguese efforts at their conversion
to Rome, 241 ; incorporation of the
St. Thomas Christians into the Roman
Catholic Church, and downfall of the
Nestorian Church, 241 ; Synod of
Diamper (1599), 241 ; Malabar Chris-
tians under Jesuit prelates (1601 to
1653), 241, 242 ; Malabar Christians
freed from Jesuit supremacy by the
Dutch conquest of Cochin (1563), 242 ;
first Jacobite Bishop of Malabar (1655),
204
INDEX.
242, 243 ; Malabar Christians since
1665, their division into Syrians and
Jacobites, and present numbers, 243 ;
tenets of the Jacobites of Malabar,
243 ; Nestorianism extinct in Malabar,
243, 244 ; the Jesuit Malabar Mission
in the 17th and i8th centuries, 251 ;
caste among Malabar Christians, 251,
252 ; letters of the Jesuit missionaries
of Malabar, 252.
Malabar navigable back - waters or
lagoons, vi. 553.
Malachite, found in Balaghat, i. 456.
Malagarh, village in N.-W. Provinces, ix.
235. 236.
Malaikudis, aboriginal tribe in S. Kanara,
vii. 376, 379-
Malai-soh-mat, petty State in Assam, ix.
236.
Malancha, estuary in Bengal, ix. 236.
Malangarh, hill fortress in Bombay, ix.
236, 237.
Malapuram, town in Madras, ix. 237.
Malassers, aboriginal tribe in Madras,
ix. 237 ; in the Anamalai Hills, i.
270 ; in Coimbatore, iv. 17.
Malaun, hill fort in Punjab, ix. 237.
Malayagoii, peak in Orissa, ix. 237.
Malayalis, tribe in Madras, ix. 237-240.
Local notices — In North Arcot, i.
315; South Arcot, i. 322; Kalrayan
Mountains, vii. 343 ; Kollamalai Hills,
viii. 286 ; Shevaroy Hills, xii. 383.
Malcolm, Sir John, his speech on opening
carriage road over the Bhor Ghat, ii.
407; Peshwa surrendered to him {181 8),
iii. 39; Governor of Bombay (1830),
iii. 75, 76 ; had his head-quarters at
Harda (1817), v. 320; established
sanitarium at Mahabaleshwar (1820),
ix. 142 ; tamed the Bhils in Malwa, ix.
267 ; made summer residence in ruins
of Nalchha, x. 182; persuaded Sindia
to withdraw from Sunth (1819), xiii.
115-
Malcolmpet. See Mahabaleshwar.
Maldah, District in Bengal, ix. 240-248 ;
physical aspects, 240 ; history, 241,
242 ; population, 242, 243 ; urban
and rural population, 243 ; material
condition of the people, 243, 244 ;
manufactures, 245-247 ; administration,
247, 248 ; medical aspects, 248.
Maldah or Old Maldah, town in Bengal,
ix. 248.
Maldive Islands, in Indian Ocean, in
political connection with Ceylon, ix.
248-252; people, 250, 251 ; produc-
tions, 251 ; trade, 251, 252; govern-
ment, 252 ; language, 252 ; climate,
252 ; channels, 252.
Malegaon, town and Sub-division in
Bombay, ix. 253.
Maleks, converted Hindu class in Broach,
iii. 103.
Maler Kotla, Native State in Punjab, ix.
254, 255 ; history, 254, 255 ; popula-
tion, etc., 255 ; products, administra-
tion, etc., 255.
Maler Kotla, chief town of State in
Punjab, ix. 255, 256.
Males, Proportion of. Sec Population
section of each District article.
Malet, Hugh, first called attention to
Matheran Hill as a sanitarium, ix. 362.
Maletirike-betta, hill in Coorg, ix. 256.
Malgin, salt-mine in Punjab, ix. 256.
Malhargarh, town in Central India, ix.
256.
Malia, Native State in Bombay, ix. 256.
Malia, town in Kathiawar, ix. 257.
Malihabad, town, tahsil, and pargatid in
Oudh, ix. 257.
Malik Ambar or Sidi Ambar, Abyssinian,
founded Aurungabad (1610), his tomb
at Roza, i. 387, 388 ; held Berar (1605-
28), iii. 124 ; his assessment of Berar,
v. 262.
Malik Fateh Khan Tiwana, seized Tank,
but expelled by Daulat Rai, xiii. 197.
Malik Ibn Dinar, his great mosque at
Srikundapuram, xiii. 75.
Malik Naib Kafur, slave-general of Ala-
ud-din (1303-15), his conquest of
Southern India, article ' India,' vi.
282. Local 7iotices — Twice captured
Deogiri (Daulatabad), iv. 159; took
Goa^ v. 100 ; sacked Dwaravati-pura,
capital of the Ballalas, v. 346 ; occupied
Madura, ix. 122 ; his attacks on the
Chola dynasty, xiii. 181 ; took Waran-
gal, xiii. 521.
Malik Sarwar Kwaja, Wazir of Muham-
mad Tughlak, founded the Sharki
dynasty of Jaunpur (1388), vii. 152.
Malik Sohrab Baluchi, first Baluchi in-
vader of Dera Ghazi Khan, iv. 210 ;
founded the Hot dynasty (15th century),
iv. 221.
Malimbi-betta, mountain in Coorg, ix.
258.
Malinagar, town in Bengal, ix. 258.
Malipur. See Malapuram.
Mails, agricultural caste in Broach, iii.
103.
Ma-H-won, Sub-division in Burma, ix.
258.
Maliyas, hill tract in Madras, jx. 258.
Malkangiri, tdhik in Madras, ix. 258.
Malkapur, tdhik in Berar, ix. 258, 259.
Malkapur, town in Berar, ix. 259, 260.
Mallai, town in Bengal, ix. 260.
Mallangur, hill fort in Deccan, ix. 260.
Mallani, sandy tract in Rajputana, ix.
260, 261.
Mallanpur, town in Oudh, ix. 261.
INDEX.
205
Mallanwan, town and pargand in Oudh,
ix. 262, 263.
Malleson, Col., History of the French in
India, and Final Struggles of the
French in India, quoted, vi. 379 (foot-
note).
Mallet, Mr., his report on the mineral
wealth of Darjiling, iv. 137.
Mallia. See Malia.
Malligaon, town in Deccan, ix. 263.
Mallis, garden cultivators in Hazara, v.
365-
Malnipahar, hot spring in Bengal, ix. 263.
Maloji Bhonsla, grandfather of Sivaji,
had Poona granted to him (1604), xi.
212 ; and Purandhar, xi. 298 ; and
.Shivner (1599), where Sivaji was born,
xii. 410.
Malondi, town in Bombay, ix. 263.
Malot, ancient ruins in Punjab, ix. 263.
Malpur, Native State and town in Bom-
bay, ix. 263, 264.
Malpura, town in Rajputana, ix. 264.
Malsian, town in Punjab, ix. 264.
Malsiras, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, ix. 264, 265.
Maltby, Edward, acting Governor of
Madras (1863), ix. 67.
Malthon, town in Central Provinces, ix.
265.
Malur, village and taluk in Mysore, ix.
265, 266.
Malur, village in Mysore, ix. 266.
Malvilli, town and taluk in Mysore, ix.
266.
Malwa, Province in Central India, ix.
266, 267.
Malwa Agency, Western, group of Native
States in Central India, ix. 267-272 ;
physical aspects, 268 ; geology, 268,
269 ; population, agriculture, etc., 269,
270 ; communications, trade relations,
etc., 270-272.
Malwan, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, ix. 272, 273.
Mamdot, fortified town in Punjab, ix.
273, 274.
Mammalia of India, vi. 652-659. See
also Animals, Wild.
Man, Sub-division in Bombay, ix. 274.
Mana, pass in N.-W. Provinces, ix. 274.
Managoli, town in Bombay, ix. 274.
Mana im Khan, defeated Daud Khan,
last Afghan king of Bengal, and died
at Gaur (i575)> v. 36, 37.
Manantavadi, town in Madras, ix. 274.
Manapad Point, promontory in Madras,
ix. 275.
Manar Gulf, arm of the sea between
S. India and Ceylon, ix. 275, 276.
Manas, river in Assam, ix. 276.
Manasa, town in Central India, ix. 276.
Manasabal, lake in Kashmir, ix. 276.
Manasarowar, sacred lake in Tibet, ix.
276, 277.
Manaung. See Cheduba.
Mana Vikrama, first Zamorin of Calicut,
iii. 269.
Manawadar, town in Bombay, ix. 277.
Manawao, petty State in Kathiawar, ix.
277-
Manbhins or Manbhaus, Hindu seel
bound to celibacy, in Akola, i. 143 ;
Berar, v. 267; head-quarters at Ritpur,
xii. 58.
Manbhum, District in Bengal, ix. 277-
286 ; physical aspects, 277-279 ; ad-
ministrative history, 279 ; population,
279 - 282 ; material condition of the
people, 282 ; agriculture, 282, 283 ;
natural calamities, 283, 284 ; com-
merce, trade, etc., administration, 284-
286 ; medical aspects, 286.
Manchenhalli, village in Mysore, ix. 286.
Manchester cotton imports, article
' India,' vi. 565, 568.
Manchhar, lake in Bombay, ix. 286,
287.
Manda, village in Bengal, ix. 287,
Mandal, town in Bombay, ix. 287.
Mandal, town in Rajputana, ix. 287.
Mandalay, capital of Upper Burma, ix.
287-291 ; trade and manufactures, ix.
289-291 ; administration, 291; medical
aspects, 291.
Mandalgarh, fort in Rajputana, ix. 291.
Mandapeta, town in Madras, ix. 291, 292.
Mandar, hill in Bengal, ix. 292.
Mandaripur. See Madaripur.
Mandasa, town in Madras, ix. 292.
Mandawar, historic town in N.-\V. Pro-
vinces, ix. 292, 293.
Mandesar. See Mandsaur.
Mandgaon, town in Central Provinces,
ix. 293.
Mandhata, island in Central Provinces,
ix. 293-297.
Mandi, Native State in Punjab, ix. 297-
299 ; physical aspects, 297 ; history,
297, 298 ; population, 298 ; products,
climate, administration, etc., 298, 299.
Mandi, town in Punjab, ix. 299.
Mandiaon, town in Oudh, ix. 299.
Mandla, District in Central Provinces,
ix. 299-307 ; physical aspects, 299-
301 ; history, 301 - 303 ; population,
303, 304 ; division into town and
country, 304 ; occupations, 304 ; agri-
culture, 304, 305 ; commerce and
trade, 305, 306 ; administration, 306 ;
medical aspects, 306, 307.
Mandla, town and tahsil in Central
Provinces, ix. 307.
Mandladai, hill in Central Provinces, ix.
307- ^
Mandlana. See Mundlana.
2o6
INDEX.
Mandlesar, town in Central India, ix.
Mandogarh, historic town in Central
India, ix. 308, 309. See also Malwa.
Mandor, historic town in Rajputana, ix.
309-
Mandot. See Mamdot.
Mandra, town in Rajputana, ix. 309.
Mandrak, village in N.-W. Provinces, ix.
309-
Mandsaur, town in Central India, ix.
309-
Mandu. See Mandogarh.
Mandu Mahal Sirgira, estate in Central
Provinces, ix. 309, 310.
Mandurda, town in Kathiawar, ix. 310.
Mandvi, seaport in Bombay, ix. 310.
Mandvi, Sub-division in Bombay, ix.
310,311.
Mandvi, town in Bombay, ix. 31 1.
Mandwa, petty State in Boml^ay, ix.
3"-
Mandwa, seaport in Bombay, ix. 311.
Mandya, village and taluk in Mysore, ix.
3"-
Maner, town in Bengal, ix. 311.
Manerang, mountain pass in Kashmir,
ix. 311, 312.
Mangahpett, town in Deccan, ix. 312.
Mangal, petty Hill State in Punjab, ix.
312.
Mangalagiri, town in Madras, ix. 312.
Mangaldai, village and Sub-division in
Assam, ix. 312.
Mangalkot, village in Bengal, ix. 313.
Mangalore, taluk in Madras, ix. 313.
Mangalore, chief town of S. Kanara Dis-
trict, Madras, ix. 313, 314.
Mangalsi, /arfa«« in Oudh, ix. 314.
Mangalvedha, town in Bombay, ix. 314,
315-
Manganese, found in Bellary, ii. 241 ;
Lower Burma, iii. 201 ; Madras Presi-
dency, ix. 6 ; Mergui, ix. 407 ; Sandiir
Hills, xii. 209.
Mangaon, village and Sub-division in
Bombay, ix. 315, 316.
Manglaur, town in N.-W. Provinces, ix.
316.
Mangles, Mr. Ross, his gallantry in the
attempt to relieve Arrah, iv. 300, xi.
98-
Mangoes, specially mentioned in Akot,
i. 147; Alibagh, i. 166; Aligarh, i.
168; Alipur (C. P.), i. 181; Allah-
abad, i. 190; Ambala, i. 215 ; Arang,
i. 306 ; North Arcot, i. 316 ; Asoha,
i. 341; Azamgarh, i. 393 ; Bachhrawan,
i. 405 ; Bagrasi, i. 420 ; Bahraich, i.
434 ; Bailgaon, i. 437 ; Ballia, ii. 19 ;
Bara Banki, ii. 106 ; Bardwan, ii. 126;
Bareilly, ii. 138 ; Barwa Sagar, ii. 181;
Basim, ii. 184; Belgaum, ii. 231, 238;
Bhagalpur, ii. 343 ; Bhakkar, ii. 358 ;
Bhangha, ii. 369 ; Bhitauli, ii. 399 ;
Bilaspur, ii. 445 ; Birhar, iii. 12 ;
Bombay Island, iii. 81 ; Broach, iii.
102; Budaun, iii. 116; Biirha, iii.
162 ; Upper Burma, iii. 210 ; Calicut,
iii. 269 ; Cambay, iii. 271 ; Chang
Bhakar, iii. 367 ; Chengalpat, iii. 382 ;
Chhindwara, iii. 399; Cuttack, iv. 65 ;
Darbhangah, iv. 122; Deoria, iv. 206;
DeraGhazi Khan, iv. 218 ; Dinanagar,
iv. 299 ; Diingarpur, iv. 323 ; Edar,
iv- 337 ; Elephanta, iv. 341 ; Ellich-
pur, iv. 344, 345 ; Erandol, iv. 355 ;
Faizabad, iv. 381 ; Fakhrpur, iv. 390;
Faridpur (N.-W. P.), iv. 408 ; Fateh-
pur, iv. 423 ; Gangoh, iv. 477 ;
Ghatampur, v. 57 ; Goa, v. 93 ;
Godavari, v. 122 ; Gonda, v. 145 ;
Haidarabad, v. 245 ; Hanthawadi, v.
315 ; Hariana, v. 338 ; Hoshiarpur, v.
452 ; Islamnagar, vii. 27 ; Jais, vii.
65 ; Jalparguri, vii. 108 ; Jambusar,
vii. 123 ; Jarcha, vii. 143 ; Jaunpur,
vii. 151; Kaimahra, vii. 296; Kaim-
ganj, vii. 298 ; North Kanara, vii. 372;
Kangra, vii. 412 ; Kanhargaon, vii.
431 ; Kantha, vii. 437 ; Karachi, vii.
452 ; Karanja, vii. 466 ; Karnal, viii.
19 ; Bhaunagar in Kathiawar, viii. 89;
Katoria, viii. 100 ; Khairpur, viii. 136;
Khandesh, viii. 149 ; Khandpara, viii.
160; Kheri, viii. 190; Kwa, viii. 382;
Lahore, viii. 404, 410 ; Larkhana, viii.
463 ; Madras, ix. 29, 30 ; Mainpuri,
ix. 202 ; Maldah, ix. 240, 244 ; Mani-
pur, ix. 331 ; Mauranwan, ix. 374 ;
Meerut, ix. 382 ; Mitauli, ix. 467 ;
Mithankot, ix. 468 ; Moradabad, ix.
504 ; Muzaffargarh, x. 57 ; Nagi'na,
X. 159 ; Nagpur, x. 164, 165 ; Nar-
singhpur, x. 217; the Nicobar Islands,
X. 295 ; Nimar, x. 333 ; N.-W. Pro-
vinces, x. 380, 381 ; Nuzvid, x. 420;
Oudh, X. 482 ; Palni Mountains, xi.
19; Panch Mahals, xi. 30; Partabgarh,
xi. 68 ; Patan (Bombay), xi. 81 ;
Pendra, xi. 132; Pilibhit, xi. 170;
Punjab, xi. 259 ; Puri, xi. 301 ; Rai
Bareli, xi. 352 ; Rangoon, xi. 478 ;
Ranipet, xi. 509 ; Ratanpur, xi. 517 ;
Ratnagiri, xii. 3 : Rewa Kantha, xii.
49 ; Rudrapur, xii. 81 ; Salon, xii.
168 ; Sambalpur, xii. 178, 185 ; Santal
Parganas, xii. 234 ; Saran, xii. 251 ;
Satara, xii. 277 ; Saurath, xii. 292 ;
Sawantwari, xii. 296 ; Shahabad, xii.
323 ; Shalamar Gardens, xii. 374 ;
Sholapur, xii. 412 ; Sind, xii. 520 ;
Sirohi, xiii. 2 ; Sitapur, xiii. 30, 39 ;
Sukkur, xiii. 91 ; Sultanpur, xiii. 97 ;
Surat, xiii. 119; Tanda, xiii. 174;
Tanjore, xiii. 188 ; Tasgaon, xiii. 216 ;
INDEX.
207
Tavoy, xiii. 232; Tipperah, xiii. 313;
Tumsar, xiii. 382; Umargarh, xiii. 419 ;
Umrer,xiii. 423; Unao,xiii. 436; Upper
Sind P'rontier, xiii. 446 ; Utraula, xiii.
458; Walwa, xiii. 516; Wardha, xiii.
523; Wari, xiii. 531 ; Wun, xiii. 546.
Mangoli. Sec Managoli.
Mangor, fortified village in Central India,
ix. 316.
Mangrol, town and seaport in Kathiavvar,
ix. 316, 317.
Mangrol, town in Rajputana, ix. 317.
Mangrota, town in Punjab, ix. 317.
Mangrove trees, in Akyab, i. 149 ;
Andaman Islands, i. 283 ; Bassein, ii.
193 ; Chittagong, iii. 433 ; Cutch, iv.
58; Elephanta, iv. 341 ; Hanthawadi,
V. 313; Hlaing, V. 436; Janjira, vii.
138 ; Karumbhar, viii. 50 ; Kyaiik-
pyii, viii. 390 ; Madras, ix. 83 ; Ma-li-
won, ix. 258 ; Maskhal Island, ix. 351 ;
Mergui, ix. 407 ; Nawanagar, x. 252 ;
Nizampatam, x. 338 ; Rangoon, xi.
473 ; Sandoway, xii. 200 ; on the
Savitri river, xii. 295 ; Shahbandar,
xii. 339 ; Sind, xii. 506 ; Thon-gwa,
xiii. 288.
Mangrul, townand^a7z<,C'inBerar, ix. 317,
Mangriil Pir, town in Berar, ix. 317.
Mangul Pande, the first mutineer at
Barrackpur (1857), ii. 176.
'Man-hunts' of Muhammad Tughlak,
article ' India,' vi. 284, 285.
Maniar, town in N.-W. Provinces, ix.
317. 318.
Maniari, river in Central Provinces, ix.
318.
Manierkhal. See Monierkhal.
Manikapur, /a;'^rt;;a in Oudh, ix. 318.
Manikar Char, village in Assam, ix. 318,
319-
Manikganj, town and Sub-division in
Bengal, ix. 319.
Manikiala, village and ruins in Punjab,
ix. 319, 320.
Manikpur, town and pargand in Oudh,
ix. 320, 321.
Manikpur, village in N.-W. Provinces,
ix. 321, 322.
Manikwara, town in Bombay, ix. 322.
Mani IMajra, town in Punjab, ix. 322.
Manipur, Native State in N.-E. India,
ix. 322-334 ; physical aspects, 323-326;
history, 326-328; population, 328-331 ;
communications, 331, 332; commerce,
332 ; administration, 332, 333 ; medical
aspects, 333, 334.
Manipuris, aboriginal tribe, in Assam, i.
351 ; Cachar, iii. 325; Hill Tipperah,
V. 399; Lakhimpur, viii. 431 ; Lakhi-
pur, viii. 440 ; Manipur, ix. 328-331 ;
Prome, xi. 230; Sylhet, xiii. 150.
Maniadikara, town in Madras, ix. 334.
Manjarabad, taluk in Mysore, ix. 334.
Manjeri, town in Madras, ix. 335.
Manjhand, town and taluk in Bombay,
ix. 335-
Manjhanpur, town and iahsil in N.-W.
Provinces, ix. 335, 336.
Manjhi, town in Bengal, ix. 336.
Manjhia, town in Oudh, ix. 336.
Manjira, old village site in Berar, ix. 336.
Mankapur. See Manikapur.
Mankapur, town in Oudh, ix. 336.
Mankera, village in Punjab, ix. 336,
337-
Mankur, town in Bengal, ix. 337.
Manmad, town in Bombay, ix. 337.
Mann, Dr., quoted, on the physiognomy
of the Santals, xii. 239, 240 ; on the
Chins, xiii. 281.
Mannargudi, town and taluk in Madras,
ix- 337, 338.
Manning, one of the three Englishmen
who have crossed the Himalayas east
of the Mariamla Pass, v. 406 ; on the
waters of Lake Palti, v. 407.
Manohar, fort in Bombay, ix. 338.
Manoli, town in Bombay, ix. 338.
Manora, cape in Sind, ix. 338, 339.
Manori, fort in Sind, ix. 339.
Man-oung. See Cheduba.
Manpur, pargand in Central India, ix.
339. 340-
Mansa, petty State in Bombay, ix. 340.
Mansa, town in Bombay, ix. 340.
Mansahra, tahsil in Punjab, ix. 340.
Mansahra, town in Punjab, ix. 341.
Man Singh, Akbar's Hindu general, and
Governor of Bengal, article 'India,'
vi. 293. Local notices — Commenced
palace at Amber (1600), i. 226; gave
1000 temples to Benares in one day,
ii. 265; Governor of Bengal (1589-
1606), ii. 278 ; collected troops for the
invasion of Orissa at Bhagalpur, ii. 352 ;
built the great temple at Brindaban,
iii. 100 ; built palace at Gwalior, v.
235 ; the adopted son of Bhagwan Das
of Jaipur, vii. 55 ; defeated and took
prisoner Pratapaditya, Raja of the
Sundarbans, vii. 184; made Rajmahal
capital of Bengal (1592), xi. 390;
made Rohtasgarh his stronghold, xii.
78 ; said to have built a palace at Sher-
pur in Bogra, xii. 381.
Man Singh, Raja of Jodhpur, his policy
and history, vii. 241, 242.
Manson, Mr., Commissioner of Maratha
country, murdered by the mutineer
Baba Sahib (1857), x. 211.
Mansurnagar, /ar^a«(i in Oudh, ix. 341,
342.
Mantrala Kanama, pass in Madras, ix.
342.
Mantreswar, village in Bengal, ix. 342.
208
INDEX.
Manu, the legendary founder of Sanskrit
law, article 'India,' vi. 113, 114.
Manufactures and arts. See Arts and
Manufactures, and also the special
section in each District article, and
such headings as Brass-ware, Cotton-
weaving, Iron -ware, Mats, Muslins,
. Pottery, and Silk-weaving.
Manure, Use of, article ' India,' vi. 483 ;
want of, a drawback to improved hus-
bandry, 5 1 8. 6Vt' also the Agricultural
section of each District article.
Manwan, village and pargaiid in Oudh,
ix. 342.
Mao-beh-larkar, village in Assam, ix. 343.
Mao-don, petty State in Assam, ix. 343.
Mao-iong, petty State in Assam, ix. 343.
Mao-phlang, mountain plateau in Assam,
ix. 343-
Mao-san-ram, petty State in Assam, ix.
343-
Mao-thad-rai-shan, mountain range in
Assam, ix. 343.
Mappillas. See Moplas.
Mapusa, town in Portuguese territory,
ix. 343, 344.
Marahra, town in N.-W. Provinces, ix.
344-
!Marakans, sea-water fishermen in Cochin,
iv. 4.
Mara-marnai, river in Assam, ix. 344.
Marang Baru, hill in Bengal, ix. 344.
Maratha power, The (1634-1818), article
'India,' vi. chap. xii. pp. 317-324.
British India won, not from theMughals,
but from the Hindus, 317 ; rise of the
Marathas, Shahji Bhonsla, 317; Sivaji,
the consolidator of the Maratha power,
317 ; state of parties in the Deccan
(1650), 318; the Marathas courted by
the two rival Muhammadan powers,
318 ; Sivaji's hill forts, army of horse,
tactics, etc., 319; his murder of the
Bijapur general Akbar Khan, 319 ;
coins money in his own name, 319 ;
visits Delhi (1666), 319; enthrones
himself as an independent prince at
Raigarh (1674), 319; death (1680),
319 ; Aurangzeb's mistaken policy in
the Deccan, 319 ; Sambhaji and Sahu,
successors of Sivaji, 319 ; the Satara
and Kolhapur families, the last of
Sivaji's line, 320 ; rise and progress of
the Peshwas, 320 ; second Peshwa
(1721-40) invades the Deccan, 320;
third Peshwa (1740-61), conquests in
the Deccan, and raids from Bengal to
the Punjab, 320, 321 ; defeat of the
Marathas by Ahmad Shah the Afghan
(1 761), 321 ; fourth Peshwa (1761-72),
321 ; the five great Maratha branches,
321 ; fifth Peshwa (1772), his assassina-
tion, 321 ; decline of the Peshwas
(1772-78), 321, 322; the northern
Marathas, vSindhia and Holkar (1761-
1803), 322 ; the Bhonslas of Berar
(1751-53), 322; the Gaekwars of
Baroda, 322, 323 ; the sixth and
seventh Peshwas (1774-1818), and the
three Maratha wars, 323, 324 ; end of
the Peshwas (1849), 324. Local notices
—Held Agra (1770-74, 1784-87, 1788-
1803), i. 69, 70 ; in Ahmadabad, i. 84 ;
Ahmadnagar, i. 108 ; took Ajaigarh
(1800), i. 112 ; in Akola, i. 142; their
battle with the Nizam there, i. 146 ;
in Aligarh, i. 170; Allahabad, i. 187;
Alwar, i. 204; North Arcot, i. 313;
Banda, ii. 48 ; Bardwan, ii. 127, 128 ;
defeated in the Barmiil Pass (1803),
ii. 157 ; Basim, ii. 184, 185 ; took Bas-
sein (Wasai), ii, 191 ; in Bellary, ii.
242 ; Bilaspur, ii. 446 ; plundered
Broach (1675-86), iii. 113, exacted
chaiiih in Berar (1671), which was
granted to them (1717), iii. 144;
plundered Burhanpur (1685), iii. 164;
in Central India, iii. 294 ; Central
Provinces, iii. 302 ; Cuddapah, iv. 48 ;
defeated Nawab of Cuddapah (1757),
iv. 49 ; in Damoh, iv. 109 ; at Delhi
(1726, 1771), iv. 193; tookDeori(i74i),
iv. 206 ; Dharwar (1753, 1791), iv. 266 ;
Dholka (1736), iv. 272; in Etawah,
iv. 371 ; occupied Fatehpur (1736-50),
iv. 424; took Ghorbandar 11737), v.
75; held Gingi (1677-98), v. 83, 84;
their incursions to Goa, v. 104, 105 ;
in Godavari District (1753), v. 124;
held Gooty (1714-76), v. 160; their
intervention in Haidarabad, v. 249 ;
war with Nizam AH, v. 251 ; plunder-
ing of Berar, v. 263 ; conquered
Orchha and Jhansi (1742), vii. 218;
made Kalpi their head - quarters in
Bundelkhand, vii. 342 ; held Kalyan
(1648-60, 1662-1780), vii. 347 ; Karanja
Island (1737-74), vii. 467 ; and Karnala
hill fort (1740-1818), viii. 30; their
dealings with Karwar, viii. 54, 55 ;
their rule over Kathiawar, viii. 91 ;
defeated by All Vardi Khan at Katwa,
viii. 102; inKhandesh(i76o-i8iS),viii,
153 ; defeated the Nizam at Kharda
(1795)1 ■viii- 166; reduced Lakhnauti
(1794), viii. 441 ; sacked Madgiri
(1774, I79l),viii. 540; attacked Madras
(1741), ix. 103; held Mahuli (1670-
1817), ix. 187; overran Malwa (1737),
ix. 267 ; plundered Manikpur (1760),
ix. 321 ; defeated at Mehidpur (1817),
ix. 398 ; sacked Nagamangala (1792),
X. 154; in Nimar, x. 330; the N.-W.
Provinces, x. 366, 367 ; Orissa, x. 430,
431 ; their defeat at Panipat (1761),
xi. 45-47 ; their rise to power, xi. 204 ;
INDEX.
209
in Kaipur, xi. 369 ; Rajputana, xi.
406, 407 ; defeated at Ramghat, xi.
449 ; defeated Safdar Khan at Ratan-
pur (1705), xi. 516; in Ratnagiri,
xii. 6 ; defeated Haidar AH at Ratti-
halli (1764), xii. 14 ; in .Saharanpur,
xii. 116, 117 ; held Salsette (1739-74),
xii. 169; in Sambalpur, xii. 179, 180;
Sarguja, xii. 267 ; Satara, xii. 277,
278 ; ravaged .Shaikhawati (1754), xii.
372 ; surprised the British at Shikoh-
abad (1802), xii. 398; defeated Tipu's
troops at .Shimoga (1791), xii. 406;
in .Sholapur, xii. 412 ; defeated by
Saadat Khan at Sikandarabad (1736),
xii. 478 ; at Sinhgarh, xii. 543, 544 ;
and Sira, xii. 546 ; their raids on Surat,
xiii. 122 ; conquest of Tanjore, xiii.
182, 194; ravages in Udaipur, xiii.
405-407; took Vellore (1676), xiii.
467 ; in Wun, xiii. 540.
' I\Iaratha Ditch,' The, moat constructed
partly round Calcutta as a protection
against the Marathas, article 'India,'
vi. 320, 321 ; iii. 241.
Maratha wars. The first (1778-81), article
' India,' vi. 323 ; 391. Local notices —
The treaty of Salbai, iii. 38 ; the re-
treat from Talegaon Dabhara (1779),
xiii. 166 ; convention of Wadgaon
(1779), xiii. 505. The second (1802-04),
article ' India,' vi. 39S. Local notices —
The battle of Argaum, i. 329 ; Assaye,
i- 374> 375 ; treaty of Bassein (1802),
ii. 192 ; its history, iii. 38 ; storm of
Gawilgarh, v. 43 ; war with Holkar,
vii. 6. The third and last, annexation of
the Peshwa's dominions (1818), article
' India,' vi. 323 ; 402. Local notices —
Its histoiy, iii. 39 ; battles of Mehid-
pur, vii. 6: Kirki, viii. 121; Korigaum,
viii. 298, 299.
Marathi literature and authors, article
' India,' vi. 346.
Mara Tista, river in Bengal, ix. 344.
-Marble-carving, article ' India,' vi. 112.
See Stone cutting and carving.
Marble for building, article ' India,' vi.
628. Local notices — Found or quarried
at Mount Abu, i. 4 ; Alwar, i. 203 ;
Upper Burma, iii. 211, 218; Khavda
in Cutch, iv. 60; Danta, iv. 118;
Jabalpurj vii. 31 ; Jaipur, vii. 51, 52 ;
Jehlam, vii. 167 ; Jodhpur, vii. 237 ;
Nawanagar, x. 252 ; Nepal, x. 278 ;
Palnad, xi. 16 ; Patiala, xi. 87 ; Maneri
in Yusufzai, xi. 146 ; Rajputana, xi.
402 ; Rawal Pindi, xii. 22 ; Rewa
Kantha, xii. 49 ; Sirohi, xiii. 2 ;
Taung-ngu, xiii. 221 ; Trichinopoli,
xiii. 355; Wankaner, xiii. 518.
Marco Polo, by Colonel Yule, quoted,
article 'India,' vi. 152 (footnote i);
VOL. XIV.
231 (footnote i) ; 233 (footnotes i and
3) ; 237 (footnote 4) ; 239 (footnote 3) ;
356 (footnote). Local notices — On the
Andaman Isles, i. 283 ; the kingdom
of Anumakonda, i. 294; Bengala, ii.
269 ; Cambay, iii. 274 ; the cave
dwellings oa the Hindu Kush, v.
417; Kayal, viii. 107; Kistna District,
viii. 227 ; the name Malabar, ix. 217 :
Motupalli, ix. 521, 522 ; Sendarbandi
Pandya, king of Madura, xi. 42 ;
Quilon, xi. 339 ; Tinnevelli, xiii.
308.
Marble rocks. See Bheraghat.
Mardan, tahsil in Punjab, ix. 344, 345.
Mardan. See Hoti-mardan.
Mardan Singh, Raja of Bhanpur, mu-
tinied, and defeated by Rose at
Barodia Naunagar (1858), xii. 103.
Margao, town in Portuguese territory,
ix. 345-
Margary, Mr., murdered (1875) ii^ trying
to open a trade route between China
and Burma, iii. 228.
Margram, town in Bengal, ix. 345.
Mar, Gregoiy, first Jacobite Bishop of
the Syrian Church in India, vi. 242,
243-
Mariadeh, village in Central Provinces,
ix. 345. 346.
Mariahu, town and M/i^// in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, ix. 346.
Mariao, petty State in Assam, ix. 346.
Marias, aboriginal tribe in the Central
Provinces, article 'India,' vi. 55.
Local notices — Central Provinces, iii.
307 ; Kotapalli, viii. 309.
Marias, The, tribe in Assam, i. 358, ix.
346.
Marine, The Bombay, iii. 67, 68.
Maris, aboriginal tribe in the Central
Provinces, iv. 53, iii. 307.
]\Iarja, pass in Punjab, ix. 347.
Marjata, estuary in Bengal, ix. 347.
Markandi, village in Central Provinces.
ix. 347-
Markapur, taluk in jMadras, ix. 347.
Markham, Mr. Clements R., introduced
cinchona into the Nilgiri Hills (i860),
ix. 34, X. 316 ; on the passes from
Sikkim into Tibet, xii. 483, 484.
jNIarlborough, Earl of, sent with a fleet to
take possession of Bombay, iii. 37.
iMarmagao, peninsula, village, and port
inJPortuguese territory, ix. 347, 348.
Marmots, in Kashmir, viii. 68 ; Ladakh,
viii. 397.
Marochetti, his sculptured angel on the
well at Cawnpur, iii. 291, 292.
Maroli, port in Bombay, ix. 348.
Marpha, historic fort in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, ix. 348.
IMarri. See Murree.
2IO
INDEX.
Marriage ceremonies and customs of the
Kadava Kunbis, i. S6, xiii. 437, 438 ;
the Arakan Hill tribes, i. 301 ; the
Baluchis, ii. 38; the Kurkus, ii. 331 ;
in Bhandara, ii. 363 ; of the Bhilalas
and Bhils, ii. 391 ; of the Burmese, iii.
180 ; of the Karens and Chins, iii. 181 ;
of the Gonds, iii. 311 ; of the Deori
Chutiyas, iii. 467 ; of the Coorgs, iv.
35 ; of the Daphlas, iv. 1 19 ; of the
Mechs, iv. 332 ; of the Garos, v. 29 ;
of the Juangs, vii. 252 ; of the Kandhs,
vii. 403 ; of the Kangra tribes, vii.
421, 422; of the Karens, viii. 4; of
the Khasis, viii. 175 ; of the Kols, viii.
257, 258 ; of the Kotas, viii. 301 ; of
the Ladakhis, viii. 398 ; of the Bhils of
Mahi Kantha, ix. 178; of the Nairs,
ix. 227, 228, xiii. 348 ; of the Malay-
alis, ix. 238, 239 ; in Manipur, ix. 330 ;
of the Meos, ix. 419; of the Mikirs,
ix. 437, 438 ; of the Miris, ix. 444 ; of
the Rengma Nagas, x. 148 ; of the
Xicobarians, x. 296 ; of the Koravars,
xi. 17, 18; of the Rewa Kantha Bhils,
xii. 52 ; of the Kolis, xii. 53 ; of the
Santals, xii. 243, 244 ; of the Hos or
Larka Kols, xii. 537 ; of the Chins,
xiii. 281, 282 ; of the Banjaras and
Gonds in Wiin, xiii. 541, 542.
Marriage law of the Hindus, article
' India,' vi. 195, 196.
Marriott, Col., deposed Muzaffar Jang
(1815), and placed his brother on
throne of Karniil, viii. 42.
Mam's, a tribe in Baluchistan, ii. 29 ;
infesting the Bolan pass, iii. 35.
Marsaghai, town in Bengal, ix. 349.
INIarshall, Gen., took Dhamoni (1818),
iv. 240 ; Hathras, v. 355 ; and Mandla,
ix. 303.
Marshes, jhih or bih, in Allahabad, i.
186 ; Azamgarh, i. 392, 393 ; Bakar-
ganj, i. 440; Ballia, ii. 18; Bara
Banki, ii. 106, 107 ; the Bayra Ml, ii.
221 ; Benares, ii. 255 ; Bhagalpiir, ii.
344 ; Bhongaon, ii. 403 ; Bogra, iii.
25 ; Bonra, iii. 88 ; Cachar, iii. 233 ;
the Chalan bll, iii. 327 ; in Champaran,
iii. 337 ; the Rann of Cutch, iv. 58,
59 ; Dacca, iv. 79 ; the Najafgarhy/ii//
near Delhi, iv. 178; Dhandhiika, iv.
243 ; Dhol Samudra, iv. 278 ; Dhul-
apra, iv. 280 ; Dig, iv. 2S6 ; Etah, iv.
358 ; Etawah, iv. 368 ; Faridpur, iv.
395» 396 ; Farukhabad, iv. 409 ;
Fatehpur, iv. 423 ; Goalpara, v. 112;
Gogo, V. 138 ; Gonda, v. 146 ; Gorakh-
pur, V. 164 ; Gurdaspur, v. 207 ;
Hardoi, v. 322 ; Hissar, v. 426 ;
Howrah, v. 461. 462; Hugh, v. 490 ;
Bhuj jhil in Jaisalmer, vii. 66 ; in
Jalandhar, vii. 84 ; Jessor, vii. 183 ;
Jodhpur, vii. 235, 236 ; Kabar, vii.
265 ; Kahnuwan, vii. 294 ; Mari
Kalang and Pota ivalang, vii. 323 ; in
Kamriip, vii. 355 ; in Karachi, vii.
445 ; of the Karatoya, vii. 469 ; in
Karnal, viii. 19 ; Kheri, viii. 189 ;
Khulna, viii. 206 ; Kistna, viii. 226 ;
Kuch ' Behar, viii. 319; Lakhimpur,
viii. 426 ; Mahuwa, ix. 187 ; Maihar,
ix. 289 ; Haoda bil in Maimansingh,
ix. 192 ; Mainpuri, ix. 202 ; Mallani,
ix. 260;' Mat, ix. 357; Mohanlalganj,
ix. 472 ; Montgomery, ix. 494 ; Morad-
abad, ix. 504 ; Multan, x. 2, 3 ;
Murshidabad, x. 21 ; Muzaffarnagar, x.
66,67; Nadiya, x. 129; Naga Hills,
x. 143 ; Nicobar Islands, x. 298 ;
N.-W. Provinces, x. 361 ; Nowgong,
X. 406 ; Oudh, X. 481 ; Pabna, x. 511,
512 ; Partabgarh, xi. 69 ; Paung-deh,
xi. 119; Peshawar, xi. 146; Pilibhit,
xi. 172 ; Porbandar, xi. 215 ; Prome,
xi. 226: Purniah, xi. 322, 331;
Rahon, xi. 347 ; Rai Bareli, xi. 353 ;
Rajputana, ix. 397 ; Rajshahi, xi. 427,
428 ; Rangpur, xi. 488 ; Rudrapur,
xii. 81 ; Santal Parganas, xii. 227 ;
Sara, xii. 248; Saran, xii. 251, 252;
Seoni, xii. 308 ; -Shahjahanpur, xii.
343, 344 _; Sialkot,_ xii. 440, 441 ; Sib-
sagar, xii. 460 ; Sirsa, xiii. 9 ; of the
Solani river, xiii. 49 ; Sultanpur, xiii.
96, 97; Surat, xiii. 1 18; Sylhet, xiii.
145 ; Talbehat, xiii. 164 ; Talgaon,
xiii. 167 ; Tamranga, xiii. 173 ; Tando
Muhammad Khan, xiii. 177 ; Tanjore,
xiii. 181 ; Tarai, xiii. 207 ; Tatta, xiii.
217 ; Taung-ngu, xiii. 227 ; Thana,
xiii. 250 ; Tharawadi, xiii. 272 ; Tinne-
velli, xiii. 298 ; Tipperah, xiii. 313 ;
Twenty-four Parganas, xiii. 387, 389 ;
Unao, xiii. 427 ; Vizagapatam, xiii.
496, 497.
Marshman, H. M., his account of the
battle of Laswari, quoted, viii. 466 ;
one of the Baptist missionaries of
Serampur, xiii. 318.
Martaban, township in Burma, ix. 349.
Martaban, ancient town in Burma, ix.
349, 350.
Martin, Gen. Claude, founded the
Martiniere at Lucknow, viii. 507 ;
built a palace at Najafgarh, x. 178.
Martin, Francois, purchased site and
established the French at Pondicherri,
iv. 451, 452, xi. 198.
Martindell, Col., took Kalinjar (1812),
vii. IZZ-
Martinez, Col. Manuel, first proposed to
deepen the Pambam Passage, xi. 22.
Martoli, village in N.-W. Provinces, ix.
350-
Marttan. See Matan.
INDEX.
211
I
Martyn, Col, occupied Ramnad (1792),
xi. 451.
Martyrdoms of Jesuit missionaries, article
' India,' vi. 252, 253.
Marufganj, village in Bengal, ix. 350.
Marwar, State in Rajputana, ix. 350.
See Jodhpur.
Marvvaris, Agarwalas, etc., trading caste
of importance in Agroha (their original
seat), i. 77, 78 ; Ahmad nagar, i. 104,
'105, 109; Ajmere-Merwara, i. 123;
Assam, i. 359, 360 ; Azamgarh, i. 402 ;
Bengal, ii. 31 1 ; Bhiwapur, ii. 401 ;
Bombay city, iii. 81 ; Dacca, iv. 87 ;
Darrang, iv. 149; Goalanda, v. ill ,■
Hamirpur,. v. 301 ; Hinganghat, v.
421, 422; Jaggayapet, vii. 42; Jodh-
pur, vii. 237 ; Joshat, vii. 248 ; Kal-
adgi, vii. 319 ; Kamrup, vii. 363,
364 ; Kamthi, vii. 367 ; Kelod, viii.
Ill; Kuch Behar, viii. 324, 328 ;
Lakhimpur, viii. 430, 436 ; Lakhna,
viii. 440 ; Mandawar, ix. 292, 293 ;
Kasik, X. 231 ; Parner (riot against),
xi. 66; Patna, xi. 112; Rahuri, xi.
348 ; Ranchi, xi. 468 ; Sibsagar, xii.
465,^ 469, 472; Sirajganj, xii. 548;
S(mapur (Assam), xiii. 58 ; Surat, xiii.
Marwats, Pathan tribe in Bannu, ii.
91 ' 93-.
Masan, river in Bengal, ix. 350.
Masar, village in Bengal, ix. 350, 351.
Masaud. See Sayyid Salar Masaud.
Masaiid, founded Ghazipur (1530), v. 63,
64 ; his tomb there, v. 64.
Mascarewas, Dom Joao, defended Diu
against the king of Gujarat (1545), iv.
Mashobra, village and hill in Punjab, ix.
351-
Masjidkur, site of an old mosque, Bengal,
''^J- 351- .
Maskhal, island in Bengal, ix. 351.
Massacres, at Alleppi (1809), i. 200;
Black Hole of Calcutta (1757), iii.
241 ; Cawnpur (1857), iii. 282, 291 ;
Delhi (1857), iv. 194 ; of Bhils at Dhar-
angaon, iv. 250 ; Fatehgarh (1857), iv.
420 ; Hardwar, v. 334 ; Hiigli, v. 500 ;
Jhansi (1857), vii. 219 ; Khatmandu
(1846), viii. 184; of Bhils at Kopar-
gaon (1804), viii. 293 ; Manantawadi
(1802), ix. 275 ; Meerut (1857), ix.
385 ; Nong-klao (1829), x. 353 ; Patan
Saongi (1742), xi. 84; Patna (1763),
xi. 95, 96; Pharamgiri (1871), xi.
. 166 ; Shamli (1857), xiii. 259 ; Vellore
(1806), xiii. 469.
Masson, quoted, on the Kafirs, vii. 290 ;
on the population of Kandahar, vii.
390 ; of Khelat, viii. 188 ; on the
INIula Pass, ix. 536.
Master, Streynsham, Governor of Madras
(1678-81), ix. 66.
Massy, Gen. W. G. Dunham, archway
and market in honour of, at Rawal
Pindi, xii. 38.
Mastgarh, fortress in Punjab, ix. 351.
Masti, village in Mysore, ix. 351.
Masiida, town in Rajputana, ix. 352.
Masulipatam, town and seaport in
Madras, ix. 352 - 357 ; history, 353 -
357 ; Company's factory established at
(1622), article 'India,' vi. 368; tem-
porarily abandoned (1628), but re-
established under a fanudn from the
king of Golconda (1632), 368 ; murder
of the Company's factors at (1689),
371 ; recapture of, from the French,
385-
Masura, town in Bombay, ix. 357.
Masuri. See Mussooree.
Mat, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, ix. 357, 358.
Matabhanga, river in Bengal, ix. 358,
359-
Mataikhar, forest reserve in Assam, ix.
359-
Matak, tract of country in Assam, ix.
359. 360.
Mataks. See Moamarias.
Matamuri, river in Bengal, ix. 360.
Matan, ancient temple in Kashmir, ix.
360, 361.
Matar, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, ix. 361.
Matari, town in Bombay, ix. 361, 362.
Mataundh, town in N.-W. Provinces, ix.
362.
Material Condition of the People. See
Condition of the People.
Mathematics, Brahmanical system of, vi.
106.
Matheran, hill station and sanitarium in
Bombay, ix. 362-364; physical aspects,
362-364 ; history, 364 ; chief public
buildings, 364.
Mathura. See Muttra.
Mathura, town in Oudh, ix. 365.
Mathwar, petty State in Central India,
ix. 365. ^
Matiakhar. See Mataikhar.
Matiana, village in Punjab, ix. 365.
Matin, estate in Central Provinces, ix.
365-
Matla, river in Bengal, ix. 365, 366.
Matla. See Port Canning.
Matra Timba, petty State in Kathiawar,
ix. 366.
Mats, made at Ampta, i. 245 ; Wandi-
wash in North Arcot, i. 317 ; South
Arcot, i. 326; Arni, i. 331 ; Assam, i.
367 ; Bakarganj, i. 447 ; Barsoi, ii.
177 ; Lower Burma, iii. 198 ; Daman,
iv. 103 ; Dharampur, iv. 249 ; Dhar-
212
INDEX.
war, iv. 264 ; Faridpur, iv. 397, 405 ;
Gopalganj, *v. 161 ; Hanthawadi, v.
316 ; Kasijora, viii. 80 ; Khasi Hills,
viii. 178; Kheri, viii. 196; Khyrim,
viii. 215 ; Kuch Behar, viii. 324 ; Lakh-
impur, viii. 434 ; Lohardaga, viii.
485 ; Magura, ix. 141 ; Maimansingh,
ix. 198 ; Talghat in Malabar, ix. 235 ;
Midnapur, ix. 420; Muzaffargarh, x.
63 ; Narajol, x. 203 ; Nellore, x. 269 ;
Noakhali, x. 350; Nowgong, x. 412;
Pabna, x. 517; Porto Novo, xi. 222;
Pudukattai, xi. 238 ; Pullampet, xi.
241 ; Rangoon, xi. 479 ; Rangpur, xi.
498 ; Sayyidpur, xii. 300 ; Sehwan,
xii. 305 ; Serampur, xii. 318 ; the
Sundarbans, xiii. 112; Sylhet, xiii.
I53> 157; Tipperah, xiii. 319; Upper
Sind Frontier, xiii. 447.
Matthews, Gen., stormed Honawar
(1783), v. 440; started on his march
against Bednur from Kandapur, vii.
399-
Mattod, village in Mysore, ix. 366.
Mattra. See Muttra.
Ma-tun, river in Burma, ix. 366, 367.
Mau, cantonment in Central India. See
Mhow.
Mau, tahsil in Jhansi District, N.-W.
Provinces, ix. 367, 368.
Mau, town in Jhansi District, N.-W.
Provinces, ix. 368, 369.
Mau, town and taJisil in Banda District,
N.-W. Provinces, ix. 369.
Mau, town in Azamgarh District. Sec
Mau Natbhanjan.
Mau Aima, town in Allahabad District,
N.-W. Provinces, ix. 369, 370.
Ma-ubin, village in Burma, ix. 370.
Maudha, town and tahsil m N.-W. Pro-
vinces, ix. 370.
Maudhunkhalla. See Mondemkhallu.
Maulmain, town and seaport in Burma,
ix. 370-372 ; population, 371 ; princi-
pal buildings, 371; education, 372;
medical aspects, 372.
Maunagar, town in N.-W. Provinces,
ix. 372.
Mau Natbhanjan, town in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, ix. 372, 373.
Maunda, village in Central Provinces,
i''- 373-
Maung Da, former governor of Tavoy,
headed revolt there (1829), xiii. 229.
Maung-daw, town in Burma, ix. 373, 374.
IMaung-ma-gau. See Moscos.
Maung Myat Thiin, made Donabyii his
head-quarters in second Burmese war,
where he defeated Loch, but was
eventually killed, iv. 313, xiii. 289;
leader of revolt in Henzada, v. 385.
Maung Sat, Governor of Than-lyin, after
first Burmese war assumed title of
king, but was defeated (,1827), xiii.
158, 159.
Mau Ranipur, town in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, ix. 374. See Mau and Rani-
pur.
Mauranwan, town and pargam in Oudh,
ix. 374-
Maureswar, village in Bengal, ix. 374.
Mauritius, India's trade with, article
' India,' vi. 578, 579.
Mausoleums, article 'India,' vi. 112.
Local notices — The following mau-
soleums and cenotaphs are particularly
noteworthy, the Taj Mahal and that
of Ihtimad-ud-Daula at Agra, i. 75 ;
Ahinadabad, i. 98 ; the Khusri'i Bagh
at Allahabad, i. 196, 198 ; of Ali
Muhammad Khan at Aonla, i. 296 ;
of Saadat-ulhi-Khan at Arcot, i. 311 ;
of Telang Rao at Arvi, i. 336 ; of
wife of Aurungzeb at Aurungabad, i.
387 ; of Malik Ambar at Roza, i. 388 ;
of vSayyid Abdul Aziz at Aurungabad
Sayyid, i. 388 ; of Khan Jahan at
Bagherhat, i. 417 ; of Jaswant Rao
Holkar at Bhanpura, ii. 369 ; of the
Raos of Cutch at Bhiij, ii. 408 ; of the
Rajas of Biindi at Bundi, iii. 160 ; of
Chhatar Sal at Chhatarpur, iii . 396 ; of
Humayun at Delhi, iv. 188 ; of the
Bahu Begam at Faizabad, iv. 388 ; of
Shaikh Salim Chishti at Fatehpur
Sikri, iv. 434 ; of kings of Bengal at
Gaur, V. 40 ; of kings of Golconda at
Golconda, v. 144 ; of Mahan Singh at
Gujranwala, v. 187; of Muhammad
Ghaus at Gwalior, v. 234, 235 ; of the
Mirs at Haidarabad (Sind), v. 288 ; of
the wife of Akbar at Hasan Abdal,
v. 342 ; of the Rajas of Jodhpur at
Mandor, vii. 247, ix. 309 ; of Babar
and Timur Shah at Kabul, vii. 268 ; at
Kalpi, vii. 343 ; at Kauauj, vii. 387; of
Ahmad Shah Durani at Kandahar, vii.
391 ; of the first Nawab of Karnul at
Karmil, viii. 45 ; of Pir Ghulam Ali at
Kera, viii. 1 16, I17 ; of Sayyid Khurd
at Kheri, viii. 199 ; of Fateh Muham-
mad Khan at Kolar, viii. 279 ; of
Jahangir, Nur Jahan, and Ranjit Singh
at Lahore, viii. 415, 416, 417; of
Shahal Muhammad Kalhora at Lark-
hana, viii. 463, 465 ; the Imambara at
Lucknow, viii. 506, 507 ; of Hoshang
Ghori at Mandogarh, ix. 308 ; at
Meerut, ix. 393 ; Mehmadabad, ix.
400 ; of the Rajas of Coorg at Merkara,
ix. 414; of Sawan Mall at Multan, x.
12 ; of Murshid Kuli Khan, x. 38, 39 ;
of the Bhonsla Rajas at Nagpur, x, 174;
of Nawab Najib-ud-daula at Najibabad,
x. 179; at Nakodar, x. 180, 181 ; of
Gunna Begam at Niirabad, x. 418 ;
INDEX.
213
at Palwal, xi. 21 ; at Pandharpur, xi.
37 ; of Sadr Jahan at Pihani, xi. 170 ;
of Randulla Khan at Rahimatpur, xi.
346 ; at Rai Bareli, xi. 360 ; of Faiz-
ulIa-Khan at Rampur, xi. 459 ; of
I'eshvva Baji Rao at Raver, xii. 14 ; at
Sakhi Saiwar, xii. 146 ; of Sher Shah
at Sasseram, xii. 273 ; of Haidar Ali
and Tipi'i Sultan at Seringapatam, xii.
320 ; of Akbar at Sikandra, xii. 481 ;
of Khair-ud-din Shah at Sukkur, xiii.
93 ; of the Oxendens at Surat, xiii.
135 ; of Zafar Khan at Tribeni, xiii.
353 ; of the Ranas of Mewar at Ar
or Arhar, near Udaipur, xiii. 410 ; of
Abdulla Khan at Ujhani, xiii. 417.
MavaUkara, town and taluk in Madras,
ix- 374, 375-
JNIawai, town and pargand in Oudh, ix.
375-
Mawal, Sub -division in Bombay, ix.
375> 376.
iMawana, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, ix. 376.
?\laxwell, Colonel, advanced on Mysore
from Kaveripatam (1790), viii. 106.
May, Mr., Superintendent of the Ma-
tabhanga river, and founder of the
deepening system there, v. 475.
Mayakonda, village in Mysore, ix. 376,
377-.
Mayani. See Maini.
Mayapur, village in Bengal, ix. 377.
Mayavaram, town and tdhtk in Madras,
!>;• 377-
Mayne, F. O., his improvements at
Etah, where the market-place is called
Mayneganj after him, iv. 366.
Mayo, Earl of. Viceroy of India (1S69-
72), article ' India,' vi. 425, 426 ;
the Ambala darbai- ; visit of the Duke
of Edinburgh ; administrative reforms ;
abolition of customs lines ; assassina-
tion at the Andaman Islands, 425 ; his
scheme for Indian feeder lines of rail-
way, 445, 446. Local notices — His
interview with Sher Ali Khan at Am-
bala, i. 51 ; his murder in the Anda-
man Islands, i. 284 ; statue of, at
Calcutta, iii. 250 ; made treaty with
the ISIaharaja of Kashmir for regulating
the trade of Ladakh, viii. 400 ; resolved
to severely punish the Lushais, viii.
Mayo Mines, salt-mines in Punjab, ix.
377-379-
Mayn, river in Burma, ix. 379.
Mayur Pandit, Marathi religious poet of
the l8th century, vi. 346.
Mazagon, suburb of Bombay city, ix.
379-
M'Bean, General, his campaign in Arakan
in the first Burmese war (1824-26),
i. 153, iii. 225 ; took Mro'haung, where
he cantoned, and most of his troops
died of disease, ix. 524; occupied
Sandoway, xii. 205.
M'Caskill, General Sir J. C, destroyed
Istalif in Afghanistan for harbouring
the murderers of Burnes, i. t,T), 34 ;
commanded second division in Pollock's
advance through the Khaibar Pass, and
lost two guns there, viii. 126, 127.
M'Crindle, Mr. J. W. M., Conuncrce and
Navigatio7i of the Erythrcean Sea,
quoted, article ' India,' vi. 166 (foot-
notes I and 2) ; 356 (footnote) ; Ancient
India as described by Megasthenes and
Arrian, quoted, vi. 168 (footnote i) ;
356 (footnote).
M'Donell, Mr. Eraser, his gallantry in
the attempt to relieve Arrah (1857), iv.
300, xi. 98.
M'Dowall, Colonel, took Malegaon, but
with heavy loss (1818), ix. 254.
Means of communication, article ' India,'
vi. chap, xviii. pp. 545-554. History
of Indian railways, 545 ; Lord Dal-
housie's trunk railway lines, 545 ; Lord
Mayo's branch or feeder lines, 545,
546 ; the four classes of Indian rail-
ways, 'Guaranteed,' 'State,' 'Assisted,'
and ' Native State,' 546-549; statistics
of Indian railways, 549, 550 ; roads,
the Grand Trunk Road, extension of
minor roads, 550, 551 ; road metal,
551 ; bridges of boats, 551 ; navigable
rivers, 551-553; navigable canals, 553,
554. See also the special section in
each District article.
Mechi, river in Bengal, ix. 379.
Mechs, aboriginal tribe, in Assam, i. 351 ;
Darjiling, iv. 130 ; Eastern Dwars, iv.
331, 332; Garo Hills, v. 28; Goalpara,
V. 115; Jalpaiguri, vii. 112, 115 ;
Kuch Behar, viii. 322.
Medak, town in Haidarabad State, ix.
379-
Mediaeval trade of India, vi. 555.
Medical aspects. See the section on this
subject in each District article, and
Cholera, Elephantiasis, Fevers, Goitre,
Leprosy, Smallpox, and Vaccination.
Medical charities, hospitals and dispen-
saries, are noticed in each District
article. See also Hospitals.
Medical colleges in India, article 'India,'
vi. 109. Local notices — The Grant,
Bombay, iii. 71; Calcutta, iii. 259;
Madras, ix. 116.
Medicine and drugs, article ' India,' vi.
34 ; Brahmanical system of medicine,
vi. 106- 1 10; its independent develop-
ment, 4th to 8th century, 107 ; scope
of Indian medicine, 107 ; Indian
surgery, 107, 108 ; Buddhist public
214
INDEX.
hospitals, io8, 109 ; decline of Hindu
medicine, 109 ; Englisli Medical Col-
leges, 109 ; vernacular medical litera-
ture, 109, no.
Medlicott and Blanford, Geology of India,
quoted, article ' India,' vi. 27 (foot-
note) ; 631-640; also on the Himalaya
Mountains, v. 410 ; on granite in
Jabalpur, vii. 30 ; on the Sahyadri,
xii. 138 ; and the Vindhya Mountains,
xiii. 474.
Medows, General, took Dharapuram
(1790), iv. 251 ; and Karur, viii. 52 ;
Governor of Madras (1790-92), ix.
67 ; led the assault on Nandidrug
(1791), X. 192.
Meeanee, battle-field in Sind, ix. 379.
See Miani.
Meeanee, town in Punjab, ix. 379. See
Miani.
Meean Meer, cantonment, near Lahore,
in Punjab, ix. 379, 380.
Meerut, Division in N.-W. Provinces,
ix. 380, 381 ; population, 380; religion,
380; principal towns, 381.
Meerut, District in N.-W. Provinces, ix.
381-392; physical aspects, 382, 383;
history, 383 - 385 ; population, 385,
386 ; division of people into town and
country, 386, 387 ; agriculture, 387-
389 ; natural calamities, 389 ; com-
merce and trade, etc., 389, 390;
administration, 390, 391 ; medical
aspects, 391, 392.
Meerut, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces, ix.
392-
Meerut, city in N.-W. Provinces, ix.
392-394 ; physical aspects, 392, 393 ;
population, 393 ; antiquarian remains,
393 ; army, 393 ; commerce and trade,
393. 394 ; revenue, 394 ; outbreak of
the mutiny at, article ' India,' vi. 419.
Megasthenes, Seleukos' ambassador to
the court of Chandra Gupta, article
' India,' vi. 154 ; 163 ; his description
of India and of Indian society (300
B.C.), 167-170; division of India into
petty kingdoms, 170. Local notices — ■
At Allahabad, i. 195, 196 ; in Behar,
ii. 227 ; speaks of the three kingdoms
of Kalinga, Andhra, and Pandya, ix.
ID ; his Mathte identified with Mand-
awar, ix. 292 ; at the court of Chandra
Gupta, x. 362 ; calls Pandya Ua.i'ha.in,
xi. 42 ; his description of Palibothra,
now Patna, xi. 107 ; his river Sambus
identified wrongly with the Sai, xii.
^39-,
Meghasani, mountain peak in Bengal, ix.
394- ,
Meghna, the eastern estuary of the united
waters of the Brahmaputra and Ganges,
article 'India,' vi. 15; 21; 28; its
'bore' or tidal - wave, vi. 31; the
Meghna delta, vi. 25, ix. 394, 395.
Mehar, Sub-division in Sind, ix. 395-
397 ; i^hysical aspects, 396 ; popula-
tion, 396 ; agriculture, 396, 397 ;
manufactures, commerce, etc., 397 ;
administration, 397 ; climate, 397-
Mehar, tdliik in Sind, ix. 397, 398.
Meherpur. See Mihrpur.
Mehidpur, town in Central India, ix.
398 ; defeat of Holkar at, in the last
Maratha war (1817-18), vi. 402.
Mehkar, town and taluk in Berar, i.\.
398-
Mehmadabad, town and Sub-division in
Bombay, ix. 399, 400.
Mehndi Hassan, called himself Nizam of
Jaunpur, and occupied most of that
District (1857-58), vii. 153.
Mehrab Khan, ruler of Baluchistan, killed
at storm of Khelat (1831), ii. 31.
Mehsi, village in Bengal, ix. 400.
Mehtars, semi-aboriginal tribe in Khand-
para, viii. 160.
Mehwas, group of Native States in
Bombay, ix. 400, 401.
Meja, tahsil in N,-W. Provinces, ix.
401.
Mekranis, in the Bombay Presidency, iii.
49 ; in Dungarpur, iv. 324.
Melagiris, mountain range in Madras, ix.
401, 402.
Melao, town in Bombay, ix. 402.
Melapalaiyam, town in Madras, ix. 402.
Melapavur, town in Madras, ix. 402.
Melghat, taluk and hill tract in Berar,
ix. 402-404.
Melons, grown in Afghanistan, i. 38 ;
Akyab, i. 156; Baluchistan, ii. 36;
Bara Banki, ii. no ; Bareilly, ii. 142 ;
Bikaner, ii. 439 ; Chittagong Hill
Tracts, iii. 450, 451 ; Dadar, iv. 92 ;
Dungarpur, iv. 323 ; Ghazni, v. 72 ;
Goa, V. 93 ; Haidarabad, v. 245 ;
Haidarabad (Sind), v. 280 ; Jalalabad,
vii. 75 ; Jodhpur, vii. 235 ; Karachi,
vii. 452 ; Karniil, viii. 34 ; Kashmir,
viii. 71, 72 ; Khapa, viii. 165 ; Kuram,
viii. 369 ; Lahore, viii. 410 ; Mangrol,
ix. 316 ; N.-W. Provinces, x. 382 ;
Peshawar, xi. 146 ; Pishin, xi. 190 ;
Rajputana, xi. 417 ; Sidhaut, xii. 474 ;
Sind, xii. 520; Sitapur, xiii. 35;
Tarai, xiii. 209 ; Upper Sind Frontier,
xiii. 446.
Melukote, sacred village in Mysore, ix.
404.
Melur, village and taluk in Mysore, ix.
404, 405.
Melvill, Mr., Joint Commissioner for
settling Orissa (1805), x. 432.
Memadpur, petty State in Bombay, ix.
405.
INDEX,
215
Memari, town in Bengal, ix. 405.
Alenwir of the War in India, conducted
by General Lord Lake, by Major
William Thorne, quoted, vi. 317 (foot-
note i).
Memons, Muhammadan class in Bom-
bay Presidency, iii. 52, city, iii. 81 ;
Haidarabad (Sind), v. 276, 277 ; Sind,
xii. 518.
Mendarda. See Mandurda.
Mendhawal, town in N.-W. Provinces,
ix. 405.
Mendi-khah', arm of JNIeghna river in
Bengal, ix. 405.
Menezes, third Portuguese Viceroy, en-
larged the fort of Cochin (1525), iv. 12.
IMenezes, Dom Francisco, defeated at
Arakan (1615), x. 342.
Menezes, Vasco Fernandes Cesarde,
Governor-General of Goa (1712-17),
built fortress at Bardez and Chapora,
V. 104.
]Meng-bra. See Minbra.
IMeng-diin. See Mindun.
Meng-gyi. See Min-gyi.
Meng-hla. Sec Min-hla.
Mengni, petty State in Bombay, ix. 405,
406.
Meos, aboriginal tribe, in Gurgaon, v.
206-219; Mewat, Lx. 419, 420; Raj-
putana, xi. 41 1, 412.
Mer and Ser, mountain peaks in the
Himalaya, ix. 406.
Merats, wild tribe. Sec Mers.
Meratiir, town in Madras, ix. 406.
Mercara, town and tdliik in Coorg, ix.
406. See Merkara.
Merewether, Sir W. L., Commissioner
of Sind, the largest pier in Kiamari
called after him, viii. 215.
Mergui, District in Lower Burma, ix.
406-411; physical aspects, 406-408;
history, 408 ; population, 408, 409 ;
agriculture, 409, 410 ; manufactures,
etc., 410; revenue, etc., 410, 411 ;
medical aspects, 411.
Mergui, town and seaport in Lower
Burma, ix. 411, 412.
Mergui Archipelago, group of islands in
Burma, ix. 412.
Meriah. See Kandhs.
Merkara, tdJnk in Coorg, ix. 412, 413.
Merkara, chief town of Coorg, ix. 413-
415-
Mers or Merats, wild tribe, numerous
in Alwar, i. 203 ; Merwara, ix. 416,
417; Rajputana, xi. 409, 412, 414;
Udaipur, xiii. 402.
Merta, town in Rajputana, ix. 415.
Mertigudda, mountain in Mysore, ix.
Merwara, Sub-division in Rajputana, ix,
415-417-
Merwara Battalion, The, ix. 417.
Mesana, town in Bombay, ix. 418.
Mesli, petty State in Bombay, ix. 418.
Metcalfe, Lord, Governor-General of
India (1835-36), article ' India, vi.
406. Local notices — Protested against
Ranjit Singh's attack on Maler Kotla
(1808), ix. 235; first Governor of Agra
(1835), on the wish of the Rajputs for
British intervention (1811), xi. 407.
Meteorology of India, article ' India,' vi.
chap, xxiii. pp. 641-655. Meteoro-
logical geography of the Himalayas
and Punjab frontier, 641-643 ; the
Indus plain and great Indian desert,
643 ; Gangetic plain and E. Bengal,
643, 644 ; the Central Indian and
Southern plateaux, 644, 645 ; Ana-
malai Hills, 645 ; southern coast strip
and Ceylon, 645, 646 ; Burma, 646 ;
solar radiation, 647 ; air temperature,
atmospheric pressure, wind, humidity,
647, 648 ; rainfall statistics, 649, 650 ;
sunspot cycles, 650, 651.
Meteorological Statistics, given under the
section. Medical Aspects, for each Dis-
trict ; the most noteworthy are Mount
Abu, i. 6 ; Aden, i. 20 ; Afghanistan,
'• 37j 38 ; Agra, i. 67 ; Ahmadabad,
i- 93; Ajmere-Merwara, i. 131, 132;
Aligarh, i. 177; Amritsar, i. 263;
Andaman Islands, i. 286 ; Assam, i.
372> 373 ; Banda, ii. 54; Benares, ii.
261 ; Bengal, ii. 321, 322 ; Bombay
Presidency, iii. 7:: ; Lower Burma, iii.
208 ; Calcutta, iii. 260 ; Central Pro-
vinces, iii. 322 ; Cherra Punji, iii. 393 ;
Coorg, iv. 41 ; Cutch, iv. 64 ; Cuttack,
iv. 74 ; Darjiling, iv. 139; Raja-
mahendri, v. 130 ; Gonda, v. 154 ;
Gwalior, v. 228 ; Haidarabad State, v.
243, 244 ; Haidarabad (Sind), v. 285 ;
Hardoi, v. 328 ; Hoshangabad, v.
448 ; Jaipur, vii. 58, 59 ; Jalaun, vii.
102 ; Jhansi, vii. 227 ; Kabul, vii.
272; Karachi, vii. 450, 451 ; Kash-
mir, viii. 76 ; Khandesh, viii. 158,
159; Khasi Hills, viii. 179; Kohat,
viii. 249 ; Lahore, viii. 413 ; Lucknow,
viii. 501 ; Ludhiana, viii. 525 ; Madras
Presidency, ix. 79 ; Madras city, ix.
119; Madura, ix. 131, 132; Mahaba-
leshwar, ix. 143 ; Malabar, ix. 235 ;
Mandla, ix. 306 ; Manipur, ix. 'i,2,'i^
334; Meerut, ix. 391; Montgomery,
ix. 501 ; Multan, x. 10 ; Nadiya, x.
140; Nagpur, X. 172; Nilgiri Hills,
X. 325 ; Nimar, x. 335 ; N.-W. Pro-
vinces, X. 403, 404 ; Orissa, x. 467,
468; Oudh, x. 510; Patna, xi. 105;
Peshawar, xi. 157 ; Poona, xi. 210 ;
Punjab, xi. 291, 292; Rajputana, xi.
422, 423 ; Rawal l^indi, xii. 35 ;
2l6
INDEX.
Saharanpur, xii. 123 ; Salem, xii. 165 ;
vSeoni, xii. 314; Shimoga, xii. 405;
Sholapur, xii. 419; Sialkot, xii. 449;
.Simla, xii. 495 ; .Sind, xii. 524, 525 ;
Sitapur, xiii. 37 ; Sultanpur, xiii. 102,
103; Surat, xiii. 131 ; Tanjore, xiii.
193; Taung-ngii, xiii. 226; Thayet-myo,
xiii. 286, 287 ; Travancore, xiii. 353 ;
Trichinopoli, xiii. 363 ; Tumkur, xiii.
380, 381 ; Sagar Island, xiii. 398, 399 ;
Upper Sind Frontier, xiii. 448, 449 ;
Wardha, xiii. 528 ; ^^"ellington, xiii.
536 ; Wiin, xiii. 545.
Mettapolliem, town in Madras, ix. 418.
Metz, Mr., quoted on the Kotas, viii.
301 ; the Kurumbas, viii. 376 ; the
Nilgiri cromlechs, x. 323.
Mewar. See Udaipur.
Mewasa, petty State in Bombay, ix. 418.
Mewat, historic Province of W. India,
ix. 418-420.
Mewat, hill range in Punjab, ix. 420.
Mliars or Dhers, numerous in Bhandara,
ii. 362 ; Khairpur Dharki, viii. 138,
139 ; Ratnagiri, xii. 7 ; .Satara, xii.
279 ; Sawantwari, xii. 297 ; Sirohi,
xiii. 4 ; Thana, xiii. 253.
Mhaswad, town in Bombay, ix. 420.
Mhow, cantonment in Central India, ix.
420.
iMIiou'a tree. Sec JMaJuid.
Miana, pargand in Central India, ix.
421.
Mian Ali. See Asanir.
Mianganj, village in Oudh, ix. 421.
Miani, town in Punjab, ix. 421.
Miani, town and centre of salt trade in
Punjab, ix. 421, 422.
Miani, battle-field in Sind, ix. 422 ; defeat
of the Mirs by Sir C. Napier (1843),
article 'India,' vi. 409.
Miani, seaport in Kathiawar, ix. 422.
Mian Mir. See Meean Meer.
Mianwali, town and tahsil in Punjab, ix.
422, 423.
Mica, article ' India,' vi. 628. Local
notices — Balaghat, i. 454-456 ; Banga-
lore, ii. 59 ; Bantwal, ii. 104 ; Chital-
dmg, iii. 423; Dubrajpur, iv. 318;
Dungarpur, iv. 322 ; Hazaribagh,
^■•..379; Jaipur, vii. 51, 52; Kolar,
viii. 273 ; Madras, ix. 4 ; Mysore, x.
91, 92 ; .Shahpur, xii. 361 ; Sirmur,
^"' 555 ; Sirohi, xiii. 2.
Michael, Capt. James, discoverer of the
.\namalai Hills, after whom Michael
valley is named, i. 270.
Michni, fort in Punjab, ix. 423.
Midagesi, village in Mysore, ix. 423.
Middleton, first Bishop of Calcutta
(1814), article 'India,' vi. 261 ; his
dispute as to the spire of St. Andrew's
Kirk, Calcutta, iii. 253.
Middleton, Sir Henry, his naval defeat
of the Portuguese at Cambay (1611),
article ' India,' vi. 366 ; visited Aden,
i. 6 ; not allowed to enter the port of
.Surat by the Portuguese, xiii. 121.
Midnapur, District in Bengal, ix. 423-
433 ; physical aspects, 424 ; Midnapur
high level canal, 424, 425 ; history,
425, 426 ; population, 426-428 ; urban
and rural population, 428 ; agriculture,
428-430; natural calamities, 430;
commerce and trade, 430, 431 ; admini-
stration, 431, 432 ; medical aspects,
432, 433-
Midnapur, Sub-division in Bengal, ix.
433-
Midnapur, town in Bengal, ix. 433, 434.
Midnapur High Level Canal, navigable
and irrigation canal near Calcutta, ix.
434, 435-
Migration of the people, article ' India,'
vi. 47. See also Emigration.
Mihndhawal. See Mendhawal.
Mihrauni, village and tahsil in N.-W.
Provinces, ix. 435.
Mihrpur, town and Sub-division in
Bengal, ix. 435, 436.
Mikir Hills, tract in Assam, ix. 436-438 ;
physical aspects, 436 ; industries, 436 :
religion, 437 ; marriage, 437, 43S ; com-
merce, etc., 438. Local fioticcs of Mikirs
—Assam, i. 351, 353; Cachar, iii. 235 ;
Darrang, iv. 145 ; Jaintia Hills, vii.
48 ; Kamrup, vii. 355, 359 ; Lakhim-
pur, viii. 431 ; Naga Hills, x. 151 ;
Nowgong, X. 409 ; .Sibsagar, xii. 464.
Milam, village in N.-W. Provinces, ix,
438.
Miles, Col., took Mergui (1824), ix. 412;
made agreement with Nawab of Rad-
hanpur (1820), xi. 343 ; and w-ith the
chiefs of Suigam (1826), xiii. 89.
Military caste of St. Thomas Nestorian
Christians, article ' India,' vi. 240 ;
Portuguese efforts at their conversion to
Rome, vi. 241.
Military forces of Native States. The
following States possess armies of some
strength, as apart from armed police —
Afghanistan, i. 48 ; Alwar, i. 206 ;
Bahawalpur, i. 424 ; Baluchistan, ii.
39, 40 ; Baroda, ii. 164 ; Bhartpur,
ii. 375 ; Bhaunagar, ii. 381 ; Bhopal,
ii. 405 ; Bhutan, ii. 415 ; Biindi, iii.
158 ; Cochin, iv. 9 ; Cutch, iv. 63 ;
Datia, iv. 156 ; Dhar, iv. 247 ; Dhol-
pur, iv. 277 ; Dhrangadra, iv. 279 :
Dungarpur, iv. 323 ; Gwalior, v. 233 ;
the Nizam, v. 252 ; Indore, vii. 7 ;
Jaipur, vii. 58 ; Jaisalmer, vii. 69, 70 ;
Jhalawar, vii. 200 ; Jind, vii. 232, 233 ;
Jodhpur, vii. 245 ; Junagarh, vii. 262 ;
Kapurthala, vii. 443 ; Karauli, vii.
INDEX.
217
473 ; Kathiawar, viii. 94 ; Kisliangarh,
viii. 223 ; Kotah, viii. 307 ; Manipur,
Js..-'33 ; Mysore, x. in, 112; Nabha,
X. 126: Nawanagar, x. 253 ; Nepal, x.
280 ; Orchha, x. 426 ; Panna, xi. 50 ;
Partabgarh, xi. 77 ; Patiala, xi. 90 ;
Kampur, xi. 458 ; Rewa, xii. 48 ;
Samthar, xii. 192 ; Sawantwari, xii.
298 ; Tonk, xiii. T)T,% ; Tiavancore,
.>riii. 353 ; Udaipur, xiii. 409.
Militar)- stations, depots, etc. See Can-
tonments.
Military Traiisadioiis in Indosfan, by
Orme, quotetl. article ' India,' vi. 379
(footnote); 380 (footnote 2). See Orme.
Milka Singh, Sikh Sardar, made Rawal
Pindi his head-quarters (1765), and
conquered the surrounding country, xii.
24, 36.
Mill, James, History of British India,
quoted, article ' India,' vi. 314 (foot-
note 3); 365 (footnote 2); 379 (foot-
note); 383 (footnote).
iSIillets, Statistics of cultivation of, and
chief varieties, article ' India,' vi. 487,
488, 489. Local notices — Afghanistan,
i. 38 ; Agra, i. 64 ; Ahmadnagar, i.
103; Ajmere-Merwara, i. 125; Akalkot,
i. 137 ; Akola, i. 143, 144 ; Aiigarh,
i. 173; Ali-Rajpur, i. 181 ; Allahabad,
i. 189 ; Ahvar, i. 205 ; Ambala, i.
220 ; Amraoti, i. 248 ; Amritsar, i.
259 ; Anantapur, i. 277 ; North Arcot,
i. 316 ; South Arcot, i. 323 ; Aundh,
i. 384 ; Bc-inda, ii. 51; Bangalore, ii.
63 ; Bannu, ii. 94 ; Bareilly, ii. 142 ;
Basim, ii. 1S6 ; Basti, ii. 211 ; Bel-
gaum, ii. 234, 235 ; Bellary, ii. 245 ;
Benares, ii. 258 ; Bhagalpur, ii. 348 ;
Bhutan, ii. 413 ; Bijnaur, ii. 432 ;
Bikaner, ii. 439 ; Bombay, iii. 53, 54 ;
Budaun, iii. 120 ; Bulandshahr, iii.
137 ; Buldana, iii. 146 ; Bundelkhand,
iii. 152 ; Bundi, iii. 159 ; Upper Bur-
ma, iii. 210; Cambay, iii. 285 ; Cawn-
pur, iii. 285, 286 : Central India, iii.
295 ; Central Provinces, iii. 318 ;
Chamba, iii. 329 ; Champaran, iii.
341 ; Chanda, iii. 352 ; Chengalpat,
iii. 386 ; Chitaldnig, iii. 425 ; Coim-
batore, iv. 18 ; Coorg, iv. 36 ; Cudda-
pah, iv. 52 ; Cutch, iv. 61 ; Dacca, iv.
85 ; Danta, iv. 118 : Darjiling. iv. 134;
Delhi, iv. 182 ; Dera Ghazi Khan, iv.
214 ; Dera Ismail Khan, iv. 224 ;
Dharwar, iv. 262 ; Dholpur, iv. 274 ;
Dinajpur, iv. 294 ; Diu, iv. 305 ;
Dungarpur, iv. 323 ; Ellichpur, iv.
345 ; P:tah, iv. 362 ; Etawah, iv. 374 ;
Faizabad, iv. 384 ; Farukhabad, iv.
413 ; Fatehpur, iv. 427 ; Firozpur, iv.
443 ; Garhwal, v. 20 ; Gaya, v. 49 ;
Ghazipur, v. 67 ; Godavari, v. 127 ;
Gonda, v. 152; Goona, v. 159;
Gorakhpur, v. 169 ; Gujranwala, v.
184 ; Gujrat, v. 193 ; Gurdaspur, v.
211; Gurgaon, v. 220; Gwalior, v.
238 ; Haidarabad, v. 245 ; Berar, v.
270; Haidarabad (Sind), v. 280 ;
Ilamirpur, v. 302 ; Hassan, v. 349 ;
Hazara, v. 365; Hissar, v. 430; Indore,
vii. 2 ; Jabalpur, vii. t,?> '■< Jaipur, vii.
52 ; Jaisalmer, vii. 68 ; Jalalabad, vii.
75 ; Jalandhar, vii. 88 ; Jalaun, vii.
98 ; Jamkhandi, vii. 127 ; Jath, vii.
148 ; Jaunpur, vii. 155 ; Jawhar, vii.
164 ; Jehlam, vii. 172 ; Jhalawar, vii.
200 ; jhang, vii. 210 ; Jhansi, vii. 223 ;
Jodhpur, vii. 238 ; Junagarh, vii. 262 ;
Kadur, vii. 286 ; Kaira, vii. 303 ;
Kaladgi, vii. 317 ; North Kanara, vii.
372 ; South Kanara, vii. 3S0 ; Kankrej,
vii. 435 ; Karachi, vii. 448; Karauli,
vii. 472 ; Karnal, viii. 24 ; Karniil,
viii. 37 ; Karond, viii. 46 ; Kathiawar,
viii. 96 ; Khairpur, viii. 136 ; Khan-
desh, viii. 156 ; Khasi Hills, viii. 177 ;
Kheri, viii. 193 ; Khyrim, viii. 215 ;
Kistna, viii. 230 ; Kohat, viii. 247 ;
Kolaba, viii. 268 ; Kolar, viii. 275,
276 ; Kolhapur, viii. 281 ; Korea, viii.
297 ; Kotah, viii. 306 ; Kuch Behar,
viii. 323 ; Kulu, viii. 342 ; Kumaun,
viii. 354 ; Kuram, viii. 369 ; Kurund-
wad, viii. 376 ; Lahore, viii. 410 ;
Lalitpur, viii. 452, 453; Larkhana, viii.
463 ; Lohardaga, viii. 483 ; Lucknow,
viii. 497; Ludhiana, viii. 522 ; Madras,
ix. 30, 87, ^S ; Madura, ix. 12S, 129 ;
Mainpuri, ix. 208; Malabar, ix. 230;
the ^Ialdive Islands, ix. 251 ; Mallani,
ix. 261 ; Malpur, ix. 264 ; ^Vestern
Malwa, ix. 269 ; Manpur, ix. 339 ;
Mansa, ix. 340 ; Meerut, ix. 387 ;
Mehar, ix. 397 ; Miraj, ix. 440 :
Mirzapur, ix. 458 ; Mohanpur, ix. 474 ;
Montgomery, ix. 498 : Moradabad,
ix. 509 ; IVIudhol, ix. 527 ; Multan,
x. 7 ; Muttra, x. 48 ; Muzaffar-
garh, X. 61 ; Muzaffarnagar, x. 72 ;
Mysore State, x. 100, loi. District, x.
118; Nasik, x. 232; Nawanagar, x.
252 ; Nellore, x. 266 ; Nepal, x. 276 ;
N.-W. Provinces, x. 377 ; Oudh, x.
501 ; Palanpur Agency, x. 537 ; Panch
Mahals, xi. 32 ; Pandu Mehwas, xi.
39 ; Partabgarh, xi. 71 ; Peshawar,
xi. 153 ; Phaltan, xi. 164 ; Pilibhit, xi.
175 ; Pishin, xi. 190 ; Poona, xi. 207 ;
Punjab, xi. 278 ; Rajpur-Ali, xi. 394 ;
Rajputana, xi. 417, 418 ; Ramdrug,
xi. 441 ; Ratnagiri, xii. 9 ; Rawal
Pindi, xii. 29 ; Rohri, .xii. 64 ; Rohtak,
xii. 73 ; Saharanpur, xii. I20 ; Salem,
xii. 160 ; Sangli, xii. 218 ; Santal
Parganas, xii. 232 ; Saran, xii. 255 ;
2l8
INDEX.
Satara, xii. 280, 281 ; Savaniir, xii.
293 ; Shalijahanpur, xii. 349 ; Shah-
pur, xii. 365 ; Sliikaipur, xii. 393 ;
Shimoga, xii. 403 ; Sholapur, xii. 415;
Sialkot, xii. 446; Sibi, xii. 455 ; Simla,
xii. 493 ; Sine), xii. 520 ; Sirohi, xiii.
5 ; Sirsa, xiii. 16 ; .Sitapur, xiii. 34 ;
Sunth, xiii. 1 14; Supa, xiii. 116;
Sural, xiii. 126 ; Surgana, xiii. 136 ;
Sylhet, xiii. 152 ; Tanjore, xiii. 187 ;
Tarai, xiii. 209 ; Thar and Parkar, xiii.
266, 269; Tiunevelli, xiii. 306; Trichi-
nopoli, xiii. 360 ; Tumkiir, xiii. 378 ;
Udaipur,xiii. 402; Upper Sind Frontier,
xiii. 446 ; Vizagapatam, xiii. 492 ;
Wainad, xiii. 510; Wao, xiii. 519;
Wiin, xiii. 543 ; Yusafzai, xiii. 558.
Mills by water power in the Himalayas,
article ' India,' vi. 9.
Mills, Steam. See Steam - mills and
Factories.
Milman, Dr., Bishop of Calcutta, died
and was buried at Rawal Pindi (1876),
xii. 38.
Milmillia, forest reserve in Assam, ix. 438.
Milur. See Melur.
Mina Bai, widow of Anand Rao 11. of
Dhar, managed to preserve that vState
from Sindia and Holkar, iv. 247.
Minachal, taluk in Madras, ix. 438.
Minas, wild tribe, numerous in Alwar, i.
203 ; Dholpur, iv. 275 ; Gurgaon, v.
218; Jodhpur, vii. 237 ; Karauli, vii.
472 ; Mer\^•ara, ix. 416 ; Narsingh-
garh, x. 215 ; Rajgarh, xi. 386 ; Raj-
putana, xi. 409, 413, 414.
Minbra, township in Burma, ix. 438.
Mindun, town and township in Burma,
ix. 438, 439.
IMineral oils, article ' India,' vi. 42 ;
petroleum wells and oil-refining com-
panies in Burma, 626, 627 ; petroleum
in Assam and the Punjab, 627. See
also Petroleum.
IMinerals and mines. See Mines and
minerals.
Mines and minerals, article ' India,' vi.
chap. xxi. pp. 618-630. Indian iron,
indigenous methods of working, 618 ;
failure of English efforts, 618, 619 ;
Government efforts, 619 ; Indian coal
and history of Bengal coal-mining
(1820-83), 619, 620; the Central Pro-
vinces and Bengal coal-fields, 620, 621;
coal-beds in Assam, 621 ; future of
Indian coal, 622 ; salt mining and
manufacture, 622, 623 ; saltpetre, 623,
624 ; gold- washing, 624 ; gold -mining
in Madras and Mysore, 624, 625 ;
copper mining, 626 ; lead, tin, anti-
mony, and cobalt, 625, 626 ; petro-
leum in Burma, Assam, and the Pun-
jab, 626, 627 ; lime and building stone.
627, 628 ; marble, 628 ; slate, 628 ;
diamonds and precious stones, 628.
629 ; pearl fisheries, 629. For Local
notices see Coal, Copper, Gold, Iron,
Lead, Salt, Tin, etc. See also Geology
of India.
Min-gyi, town and township in Burma,
ix. 439.
Miniature painting, article ' India,' vi.
"3-
Minium, found in Monghyr, ix. 479.
Minto, Earl of, Governor - General of
India (1807-13); expeditions to Java
and Mauritius ; embassies to the Pun-
jab, Afghanistan, and Persia, article
' India,' vi. 399, 400 ; built the
suburban residence of the viceroys
at Barrackpur, ii. 175.
Min-hla, township in Burma, ix. 439.
Miracles of Buddhist and Hindu religious
founders, article ' India,' vi. 139, 140 ;
208 ; miracles of the early Jesuits, 252.
Miraj (senior branch), Native State in
Bombay, ix. 439, 44.0.
Miraj (junior branch), Native State in
Bombay, ix. 440, 441.
Miraj, chief town of State in Bombay, ix.
Miranpur, town in N.-W. Provinces, ix.
441.
Miranpur Katra, town in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, ix. 441.
Miranzai. See Hangu.
Mirath. See Meerut.
Mir Chakar Rind, legendary hero of the
Baluchis, xii. 457.
Mirganj, village and tahsil in N.-W.
Provinces, 442, 443.
Mirganj, village in Bengal, ix. 443.
Miris, aboriginal tribe in Assam, ix. 443-
450. Local 7iotices — Assam, i.
J3
^i ;
Darrang, iv. 145 ; Lakhimpur, vni.
431 ; Sibsagar, xii. 464.
Mir Jafar, Nawab of Bengal (1757-60,
1763-65), compensation for losses at
Calcutta, grant to the Company of the
zantimidri of the Twenty-four Par-
ganas, <ZX\v%\ jdgir, deposition of Mir
Jafar, article ' India,' vi. 383 ; 385.
Local notices — Nawab of Bengal, ii.
278 ; made Nawab by the English, iii.
242 ; placed on the throne by Clive at
Murshidabad, x. 37; incited the Gover-
nor of Purniah to attack Suraj-ud-dauhi,
xi. 324 ; ceded the Twenty-four Par-
ganas to the Company, xiii. 390.
Mir Jumla (1660-64), his unsuccessful
expedition to Assam in the reign of
Aurungzeb, article 'India,' vi. 309.
Local notices — Attacked the Ahams, i.
80, 344 ; Nawab of Bengal, ii. 278 ;
his buildings at Dacca, iv. 81; defeated
by the Ahams near Gauhati, v. 113,
INDEX.
219
vii. 357; originally dhvdn of Golconda,
V. 144, 255 ; took fort of Gooty, v.
160 ; routed Shah Shiija at Tandan,
xiii. 176.
Mirkasarai, town in Bengal, ix. 450.
Mir Kasim, Nawab of Bengal (1760-63),
grant of Bardwan, Midnapur, and
Chittagong to the Company, his quarrel
with the English, massacre of Patna,
and defeats at Gheria and Udhanala,
article ' India,' vi. 385, 386. Local
notices — Nawab of Bengal, ii. 278 ;
his cessions to the Company, iii. 436,
ix. 425 ; defeated at Gheria, v. 73 ;
made Monghyr, where he killed the
Seths, his head-quarters, ix. 491 ; his
quarrel with the English and massacre
of Patna, xi. 95, 96 ; his battle with the
British near Si'iti, xiii. 140; his defeat
at Udhanala, xiii. 415.
Mir Khudadad Khan, of Khelat, his
interview with Lord Lytton and treaty
with him, ii. 32, 33.
Mir Muhammad Husain Khan, protected
English refugees in his fort (1857), iv.
382.
Mir Nasir Khan, of Khelat, his treaty
with General John Jacob, ii. 31, 32.
Mirpur, town and taluk in Shikarpur,
Sind, ix. 450.
Mirpur, town in Frontier District, Sind,
ix. 450.
Mirpur Batoro, town and tdhik in Sind,
ix. 450, 451.
jNIirpur Khas, town and taluk in Sind, ix.
451-
Mirpur Sakro, taluk in Sind, ix. 4*51.
Mir Sahib, for betraying Sira received
Gurramkonda as a jdgir from the
Marathas (1768), and handed it over to
his brother-in-law, Haidar Ali, v. 224.
Mirta. See Merta.
Mirzapur, District in N.-W. Provinces,
ix. 452-461 ; physical aspects, 452,
453 ; history, 454, 455 ; population,
455; 456 ; urban and rural population,
456, 457; agriculture, 457-459; natural
calamities, 459 ; commerce and trade,
459, 460; administration, 460; medical
aspects, 460, 461.
ISIirzapur, talis! I m N.-W. Provinces, ix.
461.
Mirzapur, city in N.-W. Provinces, ix.
461, 462.
Miscellaneous Essays by Mr. B. II.
Hodgson, article ' India,' vi. 340
(footnote i).
Mishmi Hills and Tribe, tract of country
on frontier of Assam, ix. 462-465 ;
Mishmis in Lakhimpur, viii. 431.
Misrikh, pargand and tahsil in Uudh, ix.
465, 466.
Misrikh, town in Oudh, ix. 466, 467.
Missionary efforts of Asoka, article
' India,' vi. 146.
Missions, Christian, in India. See Catho
lie Missions, Christianity in India,
Protestant Missions.
Mitauli, town in Oudh, ix. 467.
Mithankot, town in Punjab, ix. 467, 468,
Mitha Twana, town in Punjab, ix. 468.
Mitluiu or gaydl, wild cattle, sometimes
domesticated, article ' India,' vi. 656.
Local notices — Found in the Arakan
Hill Tracts, i. 299 ; Assam, i. 349 ;
Upper Burma, iii. 212 ; Cachar, iii.
234 ; Garo Hills, v. 26 ; Jalpaiguri,
vii. 109 ; Khasi Hills, viii. 173 ; Lakh-
impur, viii. 427 ; Lushai Hills, viii.
530 ; Manipur, ix. 325, 326 ; Mishmi
Plills, ix. 464 ; Naga Hills, x. 143.
Mitra, Rajendralala, worked out the
chronology of the Gupta dynasty, ix.
410.
Mitranwali, town in Punjab, ix. 468.
Mitti, town and tdluk in Bombay, ix.
468.
M'lvor, W. G., imported trout into the
Moyar river, ix. 523 ; quoted, on the
stripping of cinchona bark, x. 317.
Mixed population, article ' India,' vi. 51.
Miyanas, predatory tribe in Malia, ix.
256.
M'Mahon, Mr., first explored the Nilgiri
Hills (1814), X. 303.
M'Nair, W. W., first European who
visited Kafiristan (1883), vii. 290; his
description of the Kafirs, vii. 290, 291.
M'Neill, Gen., took Pegu (1852), xi. 128,
Moamarias, Marans, or Mataks, Vishnuite
sect in Assam : — Lakhimpur, viii. 428,
431; in Matak, ix. 359, 360.
■Model farms, the small success hitherto
attained, article 'India,' vi. 515, 516.
Local notices — Guindy, v. 178 ; Akola,
V. 190; Saidapet, ix. 35, 1 19, xii.
140 ; Pusa, xi. 334.
Modemkhalla. See Mondemkhallu.
Moga, tahsil in Punjab, ix. 469.
Moghias, aboriginal tribe in Central
India, ix. 469. See also Western
Malwa, ix. 269 ; Rajgarh, xi. 386 ;
Rajputana, xi. 415.
Moginand, village in Punjab, ix. 469,
470.
Mo-gnyo, town and township in Burma,
ix. 470.
Mogul Sarai. See Mughal Sarai.
Mogultiir, town in Madras, ix. 470.
Mohan, tahsil in Oudh, ix. 470.
Mohan, town in Oudh, ix. 471.
Mohan, river in Oudh, ix. 471.
Mohan Auras, pargand in Oudh, ix. 471,
472.
Mohand, pass in the Siwalik Hills,
N.-W. Provinces, ix. 472.
220
INDEX.
Mohanganj, pargand in Oudh, ix. 472.
Mi-'hanlalganj, town, tahsil, and fargand
in Oudh, ix. 472, 473.
Mohanpur, town and Native State in
Bombay, ix. 474.
^loliar. See Shaikh Budin.
Moharbhanj, State in Orissa. See Mor-
l)hanj.
Mohari, town in Central Provinces, ix.
474-,
Mohgaon, town in Central Provinces, ix.
474.
Mohi, town in Oudh, ix. 475.
Mohim. See Mahim.
Mohmands, tribe in Afghanistan, 475,
476 ; history, 475 ; population, 475 ;
trade, 476 ; administration, 476. See
also Afghanistan, i. 42; Doaba Daudzai,
iv. 210; Fort Michni, ix. 426.
Mohnar, town in Bengal, ix. 476.
Mohne, fort in Punjab, ix. 476.
Mohpa, town in Central Provinces, ix.
476,^ 477-
Mohpani colliery, in the Central Pro-
vinces, article ' India,' vi. 620, 621.
Mohti'ir. See Motur.
Moira, Earl of. Sec Hastings, Marquis of.
Mojarh, town in Punjab, ix. 477.
Mojpur, village in Rajputana, ix. 477.
Mokameh. See Mukama.
Moka Paginu Muwadu, petty State in
Bombay, ix. 477.
Mokhad, town in Punjab, ix. 477.
Mokher, town in Central Provinces, ix.
477-
Mokundurra. Src Mukandwara.
Molakalmuru, village in Mysore, ix. 478.
Molesalams, converted Rajputs, in Ah-
madabad, i. 89 ; Broach, iii. 103.
Molim. Sec Myllim.
Moli'ir. See Malur.
Molony, Mr., his encouragement of
Capt. Sleeman, x. 219.
Momi'n, colony of weavers in Dhulia, iv.
282, 283.
Monassa. See Manasa.
Monasteries, Buddhist, at Buddh Gaya,
iii. 127; Dankar, iv. 1 17; Gramang,
v. 175 ; Pati'ir, xi. 118 ; in Sikkim, xii.
486 ; Spiti, xiii. 70-72.
Monasteries, Burmese, in Lower Burma,
iii. 181 ; Mandalay, ix. 2S9.
Monasteries, Hindu, article ' India,' vi.
201, 202. Local notices — Chitaldrug,
iii. 428 ; Dharwar, iv. 259 ; Gola, v.
142 ; Gurdaspur, v. 214 ; Mahavin-
yaka, ix. 170; Markandi, ix. 347;
Sankeswar, xii. 222 ; in Sibsagar, xii.
464 ; Sivaganga, xiii. 42 ; Sonda, xiii.
59 ; Sringeri, xiii. 79.
Monasteries, Muhammadan, at Bahraich,
i- 435- .
Monasteries, Christian. See Convents.
Monda, town in Central Provinces, ix.
478.
Mondemkhallu, village in Punjab, ix. 478.
Money, Mr., Magistrate of Gaya, his
exploit in saving his treasure in the
Mutiny, v. 45, 46.
Mong, village in Punjab, ix. 478.
Monghyr, District in Bengal, ix. 478,
479 ; physical aspects, 478, 479 ;
minerals, 479, 480 ; forest tracts, 480 ;
jungle products, 480, 481 ; wild ani-
mals, 481 ; modern history, 482 ;
earlier history, 482; population, 483;
religion, 483, 484 ; urban and rural
population, 484, 485 ; agriculture,
485, 4S6 ; natural calamities, 486 ;
manufactures and trade, 486, 487 ;
administration, 487-489 ; medical as-
pects, 489.
Monghyr, Sub-division in Bengal, ix. 489.
Monghyr, town in Bengal, ix. 489-491 ;
general description, 489, 490 ; popula-
tion, 490 ; origin of name, 490, 491 ;
history, 491.
Mongoose, The, found in Bah'ichistan,
ii. 36 ; Madras Presidency, ix. 89 ;
Muzaffargarh, x. 58 ; Thar and Parkar,
xiii. 264.
Monierkhal, village in Assam, ix. 491.
Monopoly, Salt, article ' India,' vi. 453 ;
opium, vi. 455. See also Salt.
Mons. See Talaings.
Monson, Col., his retreat before Holkar,
article 'India,' vi. 398. Local notices
— his retreat, vii. 6 ; through the
Mokandarra Pass, ix. 304, 353 ; took
Karikal (1760), viii. 10; attacked
Wandiwash (1759), xiii. 518.
Montague, Edmund, acting Governor of
Madras (1709), ix. 66.
]\Iontgomerie, Capt., on electricity on
the mountain peaks of Kashmir, viii.
63 ; found gold dust in the bed of the
Shigar river, viii. 67.
Montgomery, Sir Robert, District named
after, ix. 496 ; Chief Commissioner of
Oudh {1858, 1859); his land settlement
there, x. 503 ; in charge of Lahore
when the Mutiny broke out, xi. 267 ;
second Lieut. -Governor of the Punjab,
xi. 270.
Montgomery, District in Punjab, ix.
492-502 ; physical aspects, 492, 493 ;
rivers and canals, 493, 494 ; mineral
products, 494 ; wuld animals, 495 ;
history, 495, 496 ; population, 496,
497 ; religion, 497 ; urban and rural
population, 497, 498 ; agriculture,
498 - 500 ; administration, 500, 501 ;
medical aspects, 501, 502.
Montgomery, tahsil in Punjab, ix. 502.
Montgomery, town in Punjab, ix. 502,
503-
INDEX.
221
Monuments, obelisks, memorial windows,
etc., to Mr. Colvin at Agra, i. 70; at
Cawnpur, iii. 290 ; to Lord Elgin at
Dharmsala, iv. 255 ; to Messrs. Thack-
' eray and Munro at Uharwar, iv. 267
at Dum-Dum, iv. 320 ; at Fatehgarh
iv. 420 ; at Firozpur (church), iv. 44S
to Lord Comwallis at Ghazipur, v. 71
to • Sir Thomas Munro at Gooty, v
161 ; to Colonel Kanara at Haripur
V. 339 ; to Gen. John Jacob at Jacob
abad, vii. 39 ; at Korigaum, viii. 299
at Lucknow, viii. 503 ; to Captains
Hebbert and La Touche at Macharda,
viii. 533 ; to Lieutenants Clarke and
Read at Mangrol, ix. 317; at Miani,
ix. 422 ; at iMvidki, ix. 52S ; to Mr.
Agnew and Lieut. Anderson at Multan,
X. 12 ; to Gen. John Nicholson at the
Margalla Pass, x. 18 ; to Lieut. G. T.
Williams at Ramgarh, xi. 448 ; to
Bishop Milman (window) at Rawal
Pindi, xii. 38 ; at Sasni, xii. 273. Sec
also Statues and Tombs.
Monwel, petty State in Kathiawar, ix.
503-
Monze, cape and promontorj' in Sind,
marking the extreme W. boundary of
British India, vi. 3. See also Ras
Muari.
Moodkee. See Mudki.
Moodoon. See Mu-dun.
Mooltan. See Multan.
Moorcroft, died and is buried at Balkh,
ii. 5 ; says the iron used for gun barrels
in Kashmir is imported, viii. 67 ; on
the steepness of the hills in the Kbaibar
Pass, viii. 124; estimate of the popu-
lation of Ladakh, viii. 397 ; discovered
the true source of the Sutlej, ix. 277 ;
quoted, on Nahan, x. 175.
Moore, Dr., surgeon with Elphinstone's
mission, his account ofBikaner, quoted,
ii. 441.
Moore, Dr., murdered in Surendra Sa's
rebellion (1857), viii. 488, xii. 181.
Moore, Lewis, on the temple of Jam-
bukeswaram, quoted, vii. 120, 12 1.
Moore, Thomas, laid scene of his Lalla
Rookh at Srinagar, xiii. 77.
Moplas, fanatical Muhammadans, in
Badagara, i. 406; Cochin, iv. 11, 13;
Coorg, iv. 35 ; South Kanara, vii.
379 ; Madras Presidency, ix. 23 ;
Malabar, ix. 222-225 '■> their history,
ix. 225-227 ; Ponani, xi. 197 ; Quilon,
xi. 339 ; Srikundapuram, xiii. 75.
Mopla outrages at Angadipuram (1849),
i. 289 ; Calicut, iii. 268-270 ; Irrikur
(1852), vii. 24; in Malabar (1S49,
1851, 1852, 1855, 1875, 1885), ix. 222-
224 ; Malapuram, ix. 237 ; Manjeri
(1849), ix. 335.
Mor, river in Bengal, ix. 503.
Mora, port in Bombay, ix. 503, 504.
]\Ioradabad, District in N.-W. Provinces,
ix. 504-512; physical aspects, 504,
505; history, 505-507: population,
507, 50S ; urban and rural population,
508, 509; agriculture, 509, 510; com-
merce and trade, 511 ; administration,
511, 512; medical aspects, 512.
Moradabad, lahsil in N.-W. Provinces.
ix. 512, 513.
Moradabad, town in N.-W. Provinces,
5ij.
514-
Moral-ka-kunda, mountain range in N.
India, ix. 514.
Moramamai. See Maramarnai.
Morangs, aboriginal tribe in Kuch Behar,
viii. 322.
Morar, cantonment in Central India, ix.
514, 515-
Morari Rao, Maratha chief, fought battle
with Muzaffar Jang at Chilambaram
(1750'), iii. 412; ruled at Gooty, v.
160, 161 ; took Madaksira (1741), viii.
536 ; and Tadpatri, xiii. 160.
Morasa, town in Bombay, ix. 515, 516.
Morbhanj, Native State in Orissa, ix,
516, 517; physical aspects, 516;
population, 516 ; administration, 516,
517-
Morchopna, petty State in Kathiawar.
ix. 517.
Morehead, W. A., acting Governor of
Madras (1860), ix. 67.
Mori, hill in Bengal, ix. 517.
Morna, river in Berar, ix. 517.
Mornington, Earl of. See Wellesley,
Marquis.
Moro, town and tdhik in Bombay, ix.
517-
Morpur, fort in Bombay, ix. 518.
Morrellganj, port in Bengal, ix. 518.
Morris, H., quoted, on Yanaon, xiii.
547, 548.
Morris, Sir J. H., Chief Commissioner of
Central Provinces (1870-83), iii. 320;
College called after, at Nagpur, x.
174.
Morrison, Gen., his campaign in .\rakan
(1824-26), i. 153, iii. 225 ; took Mro-
haung, where most of his men died, ix.
524 ; occupied Sandoway, xii. 205.
Morrison, Col., Commissioner of Mysore
(1834), X. 95.
Morse, Nicholas, Governor of Madras
till its capture by the French (1743-46),
ix. 67.
Morsi, town and taluk in Berar, ix. 51S.
Morvi, Native State in Bombay, ix. 518,
519-
Morvi, town in Kathiawar, ix. 519, 520.
Morwara. See Tharad.
Mosaic work, Inlaid, made at Agra, i. 76.
222
INDEX.
Moscos, group of islands off Burma, ix.
520.
Moseley, Col., besieged in AH Masjid
(i84i)when trying to relieve Jalalabad,
viii. 126.
Mosques, Adavad, i. 13 ; Jama Masjid
at Agra, i. 71 ; Ahar, i. 82; Ahmad-
abad, i. 98; Ahmadpur, i. no;
Ajmere, i. 132; Ajodhya, i. 131;
Alanigir Hill, i. 162 ; Ambahta, i.
213 ; Amner, i. 245 ; Anamasamud-
rampet, i. 271 ; Anamtasagaram, i.
280; Arcot, i. 311 ; Asarur, i. 337;
Asiwan, i. 340 ; Auranga, i. 3S5 ;
Baghahat, i. 417 ; Banda, ii. 55 ;
Baniachang, ii. 74 ; Bareilly, ii. 147 ;
Behar, ii. 228 ; Benares, ii. 265 ;
Bhadarsa, ii. 337 ; Bhander, ii. 368 ;
Bhatkal, ii. 377 ; Bhawan, ii. 383 ;
Bhera, ii. 386 ; Bhongaon, ii. 403 ;
■ Hhuj, ii. 408 ; Bisauli, iii. 15 ; Bish-
nupur, iii. 17; Bishwan, iii. 19;
Broach, iii. 115; Budaun, iii. 124;
Bulandsliahr, iii. 141 ; Burhanpur, iii.
164; Calcutta, iii. 251 ; Cambay, iii.
274 ; Cannanore, iii. 275 ; Chainpur,
iii. 324 ; Chandor, iii. 361 ; Chaul, iii.
376 ; Chicacole, iii. 407 ; Chiniot, iii.
418 ; Dabhol, iv. 77 ; Dankaur, iv.
117; Delhi, iv. 187, 188, 191; Deo-
band, iv. 199 ; Dera Ghazi Khan, iv.
218 ; DewaUvara, iv. 236 ; Etawah,
iv. 379; Farukhnagar, iv. 41S; Fatehpur
(N. W. P.),iv.43i; Fatehpur (Oudh),
iv. 431 ; Fatehpur Sikri, iv. 434
Gadhi Dubhar, iv. 457 ; Gaur, v. 38,
40 ; Gawilgarh, v. 43 ; Ghaziabad, v
61 ; Ghotki, v. 75 ; Gopam;lu, v. 163
Gosainganj, v. 174 ; Gujrat, v. 197
Haidarabad, v. 253 ; Hajipur, v. 291
New Hala, v. 294 ; Hapur, v. 318
319 ; Hardoi, v. 330 ; Hargam, v
335 ; Hasanpur, v. 343 ; Herat, v
393 ; Jais, vii. 65 ; Jajniau, vii. 72
Jalali, vii. 79 ; Jalna, vii. 106 ; Jaun
pur, vii. 160 ; Junagarh, vii. 263
Kadiri, vii. 281 ; Kanauj, vii. 287
Karachi, vii. 445 ; Karnul, viii. 45
Kasganj, viii. 60; Katra Medniganj
viii. loi ; Kazipara, viii. 108 ; Khair
abad, viii. 128, 1 29 ; Khed, viii. 187
Khurja, viii. 212 ; Kiratpur, viii. 220
Kishni, viii. 224 ; Kotah, viii. 308
Kulachi, viii. 331 ; Kulbarga, viii
333 ; Kurauli, viii. 371 ; Laharpur,
viii. 401 ; Lahore, viii. 415, 416
Lucknow, viii. 503, 504 ; Machiwara
viii. 535 ; Magar Talao, ix. 138
Mahmudabad, ix. 182 ; Mahoba, ix
183 ; Maisaram, ix. 213 ; Salimpur
ix. 214 ; Malkapur, ix. 260 ; Mallan
wan, ix. 263 ; Mandawar, ix. 293
Mangrol, ix. 316 ; Mangriil Pir, ix.
317; Marahra, ix. 344; Matari, ix.
362 ; Mathura, ix. 365 ; Maudha, ix.
370 ; Mauranwan, ix. 374 ; Meean
Meer, ix. 380 ; Meerut, ix. 393 ;
Merta, ix. 415 ; Mianganj, ix. 421 ;
Mirzapur, ix. 461, 462 ; Mojarh, ix.
477 ; Morndabad, ix. 513 ; Mundra,
X. 14 ; Murshidabad, x. 35, 36 ;
Mustafabad, x. 42 ; Muttra, x. 53, 54;
Nagar, x. 155; Nandod, x. 193;
Nandurbar, x. 195 ; Nanpara, x. 199;
Narsinghgarh, x. 216 ; Nasirabad, x.
238; Nawabganj, x. 248; Nihtor, x.
301 ; Sandwip Island, x. 341 ; Pailani,
X. 529; Pali, xi. 2 ; Palwal, xi. 21 ;
Parshadepur, xi. 68 ; Partabgarh, xi.
75; Patna, xi. no; Penukonda, xi.
135; Peshawar, xi. 159; Phaphund,
xi. 166; Pihani, xi. 170; Pilibhit, xi.
179; Quilandi, xi. 339; Rahimatpur.
xi. 346 ; Rai Bareli, xi. 360 ; Raigarh
(Oudh), xi. 364 ; Rampur, xi. 459 ;
Ramtek, xi. 466 ; Rangamati (Assam),
xi. 470; Ranthambor, xi. 51 1 ; Rasra,
xi. 515; Rasiilabad, xi. 516; Rath,
xi. 518; Rohri, xii. 67; Rohtasgarh,
xii. 78 ; Rojhan, xii. 79 ; Sadabad,
xii. 91 ; Safipur, xii. 100 ; Saharanpur,
xii. 125 ; Saifganj, xii. 141 ; .Sakaldiha,
xii. 144 ; Salon, xii. 168 ; Sampgaon,
xii. 191 ; Sandi, xii. 197 ; Sankaridrug.
xii. 221 ; Sarai Aghat, xii. 249 ; Sarsa-
ganj, xii. 271 ; Sasseram, xii. 273 :
Sathan, xii. 286 ; Seringapatam, xii.
320; Shahabad, xii. 336; Shahganj,
xii. 342 ; Shikarpur (N.-W. P.), xii.
396 ; Shikohabad, xii. 397 ; Siddhaur,
xii. 473 ; Sihonda, xii. 475 ; Sikand-
arabad, xii. 475 ; Sikandra Rao,
xii. 482 ; Sinjhauli Shahzadpur, xii.
544 ; Sira, xii. 546 ; Sironj, xiii.
7 ; Sohna, xiii. 48 ; Srikundapuram,
xii. 75 ; Sudharam, xiii. 87 ; Sultan-
ganj, xiii. 95 ; Surat, xiii. 135 ; Sylhet,
xiii. 157 ; on the Takt-i-Sulaiman, xiii.
161 ; Talgaon, xiii. 167; Tancha, xiii.
175 ; Tank, xiii. 198 ; Tarahwan,
xiii. 207 ; Tatta, xiii. 219 ; Teri, xiii.
243 ; Thakurdwara, xiii. 246 ; Thana
(Oudh), xiii. 259 ; Thulendi, xiii. 293;
Tribeni, xiii. 353 ; Ubauro, xiii. 399 ;
Ujhani, xiii. 417 ; Ujhari, xiii. 417 ;
Ujjain, xiii. 417 ; Umarpur, xiii. 421 ;
Unao, xiii. 436 ; Uran, xiii. 450 ;
Vellore, xiii. 469.
Mosques, ruined, Adina Masjid, i. 24 ;
Ajmere, i. 132 ; Ajodhya, i. 134 ;
Aror, i. 332 ; Balapur, i. 459 ; Begam-
abad, ii. 223 ; Cherand, iii. 391 :
Dalmau, iv. 100 ; Derapur, iv. 229 ;
Dhar, iv. 248 ; Dholka, iv. 272 ;
Ghausgarh, vii. 77 ; Kalna, vii. 340 ;
Katangi, viii. 86; Mahim, ix. 181;
INDEX.
223
Mahuli, ix. 187 ; Mandogarh, ix. 308;
Masjidkur, ix. 351 ; Nagar, x. 155 ;
Namala, x. 213 ; Panduah, xi. 42 ;
Rajmahal, xi. 390; Sakit, xii. 146;
Satgaon, xii. 286; Seota, xii. 317;
Sonargaon, xiii. 59 ; Sukkur, xiii. 93.
Mosquito curtains, Net for, made in
Cachar, iii. 235, 237.
Mos?-stone.s, found in Kaira, vii. 300.
Motakotarna, Native State in Bombay,
ix. 520.
Moth, town and talisil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, ix. 520.
Motihari, town and .Sub - division in
Bengal, ix. 520, 521.
Motijharna, waterfall in Bengal, ix. 521.
Motijhil, or Pearl Lake, at Murshidabad,
X. 36, 37.
Moti Masjid, or Pearl Mosque, in Agra
Fort, i. 73, vi. 304.
Moti-talao, large tank in Mysore, ix. 521.
Montupalli, seaport in Madras, ix. 521,
522.
Motur, plateau in Central Provinces, ix.
532.
Moulniein. 6"^^ Maulmain.
Moung-daw. See Maung-davv.
Moung-ma-gau. See Moscos.
Mountains and Hills, Ranges of, Mount
Abu, i. 4-12 ; Adevi Avulapalli, i. 24;
Koh-i-Baba in Afghan-Turkistan, i.
54; Ajanta or Indhyadri, i. 113;
Alagar, i. 161 ; Anamalai, i. 269-271 ;
Andipatti, i. 287, 288; Arakan Yoma,
i. 304, 305 ; Aravalli, i.^ 307, 308 ;
Assia, i. 375 ; Athara-mura, i. 376 ;
Avulapalli, i. 391 ; Baba Biidan, i.
402, 403 ; Baghmundi, i. 418 ; Bahli,
i. 425 ; Balahi, i. 457 ; Balirangan, ii.
13, 14 ; in Baluchistan, ii. 34 ; Bar-
abar, h. 115, 116; Barda, ii. 124;
Barel, ii. 147 ; Barkal, ii. 155; Barkop,
ii. 150; Basi Tang, ii. 1S9 ; Bhanrer,
ii. 369; Bhuban, ii. 408 ; Bison Range,
iii. 17 ; Bonai, in. 87, 88 ; Brahmagiri,
iii. 91 ; Burghiir, iii. 16 1 ; Cardamom
Hills, iii. 276 ; Chaitampur, iii. 325 ;
Changsil, iii. 367 ; Chhola, iii. 404 ;
Chintpurni, iii. 419, 420; Chitta Pahar,
iii. 453 ; Dalma, iv. 99 ; Daphla, iv.
119 ; Dawna, iv. 162, 163 ; Deotigarh,
iv. 206, 207 ; Dhaola Dhar, iv. 245 ;
Gagar, iv. 458; Galikonda, iv. 461;
Gandgarh, iv. 463, 464 ; Garo Hills,
v. 25 ; Gaurangdihi, v. 41 ; Gawilgarh,
V. 42 ; Eastern and Western Ghats, v.
57-61 ; Gir, v. 84 ; the Himalayas, v.
401-414; the Hindu Kush, v. 416-419 ;
Hirekal, v. 423 ; Hurang, v. 503 ; ltd,
vii. 27 ; Jaintia, vii. 47-49 ; Jampui,
vii. 132 ; Jashpur, vii. 146 ; Jaunsar
Bawar, vii. 160, 161; Jawadi, vii. 161,
162 ; Kaimur, vii. 298 ; Kalrayan, vii.
343 ; Kamakhya, vii. 349 ; Kapargadi,
vii. 440 ; in Kashmir, viii. 63 ; Khairi-
Murat, viii. 132 ; Khamti Hills, viii.
144; Khasi Hills, viii. 169, 170;
Khatak Hills, viii. 180, 181 ; Khisor
Hills, viii. 203, 204 ; Kollamalai, viii.
286 ; Korea, viii. 297, 298 ; Kundah,
viii. 363, 364; Lait-mao-doh, viii. 423;
Lakhi, viii. 424 ; Lalmai, viii. 458 ;
Langtarai, viii. 460 ; Lao-bah, viii.
461 ; Lao-ber-sat, viii. 461 ; Lao-syn-
nia, viii. 461 ; Layada, viii. 468 ;
Lebong, viii. 468 ; Lumbaiong, viii.
527 ; Lushai Hills, viii. 529 ; Mahabar,
ix. 152, 153; Mahadeopahar, ix. 154;
Maidani, ix. 188 ; Maikal, ix. 190 ;
Mao-thad-rai-shan, ix. 343 ; Melagiri,
ix. 401, 402; Melghat, ix. 402;
Mewat, ix. 420 ; Mikir Hills, ix. 436 ;
Mishmi Hills, ix. 462 ; Moral-ka-
kunda, ix. 514 ; Miil, ix. 535 ; Murree
Hills, X. 20 ; Naga Hills, x. 143, 144 ;
Nagalapur, x. 154 ; Nagar, x. 157 ;
Nagari, x. 157 ; Nallamalai Hills, x.
184, 185 ; Naltigiri, x. 186, 187;
Nawagaon, x. 250 ; Nelliampali, x.
260 ; Nila Koh, x. 301 ; Nilgiri Hills,
X. 303) 304; Nimgiri, X. 335 ; Pacha-
malai, x. 520, 521 ; Palkonda, xi. 10,
II ; Palni, xi. 16-19 ; Patharia, xi. 87;
Paung-laung, xi. 119; Perzagarh, xi.
141 ; Pir Panjal, xi. 187 ; Raghunan-
dan, xi. 345 ; Rajagriha, xi. ^ 380 ;
Rajmahal, xi. 390, 391 ; Rengma, xii.
43 ; Rengtipahar, xii. 43 ; Safed Koh,
xii. 97-99; Sahyadri, xii. 137, 138;
Salt Range, xii. 170-172; Sandiir
Hills, xii. 209; Saragaj, xii. 249;
.Saranda, xii. 259 ; Saraspur, xii. 260,
261 ; Satpura, xii. 28S, 289 ; Sesha-
chalam, xii. 321 ; Shahpur, xii. 368.
369 ; Shevaroy Hills, xii. 382 - 385 ;
Shillong, xii. 399 ; Sinchula, xii. 502 ;
Singalila, xii. 528 ; Singpho Hills, xii.
542 ; Sitanagaram, xiii. 27 ; Siwalik,
xiii. 43, 44; of Spiti, xiii. 69; .Sulaiman,
xiii. 94 ; Sumeswar, xiii. 107 ; Tepa-
garh, xiii. 242 ; Tilain, xiii. 295, 296 ;
Tulasi Dungari, xiii. 372 ; Turd, xiii.
384 ; Vindhya Range, xiii. 474-476 ;
Yellamala, xiii. 552, 553 ; Yoma or
Roma, xiii. 556, 557.
Movva, town in Rajputana, ix. 522.
Moiva tree. See Mahud.
Mowana. See Mawana.
Mowar, town in Central Provinces, ix.
522, 523.
Moyar, river in Madras, ix. 523.
Mro-haung, township in Burma, ix. 523.
Mro-haung, historic capital in Burma, ix.
523. 524-. .
Mros, aboriginal tribe, in the Arakan
Hill Tracts, i. 300 ; Lower Burma,
224
INDEX.
iii. 182, 1S3, 184; Chittagong Hill
Tracts, iii. 450.
Mrungs, aboriginal tribe in the Chitta-
gong Hill Tracts, iii. 450.
Muasis, wild tribe. Sec Kurus.
Muattapalai, tdhik in Travancore, ix. 524.
iMuazim, Prince. See Bahadur Shah,
Emperor.
Mubarak Ghazi, celebrated fakir in
Basra, ii. 190.
Mubarakpur, town in N.-W. Provinces,
ix. 524, 525.
Mubarak Shah, conquered MahabatKhan,
Governor of Budaun (1426), iii. 1 17.
Mubarik Khan, Emperor, had Harpala,
son-in-law of Ramchandra, Hindu king
of Deogiri, flayed alive, iv. 159.
Mubariz Khan, Imperialist general,
killed in battle with the Nizam-ul-
Mulk at Fatehkhelda (1724), iii. 144,
iv. 422 ; stirred up to oppose the
Nizam by Muhammad Shah, v. 258.
Mudak-dor, sacred hill in Mysore, ix.
525-
Mudbidri, historic town m Madras, ix. 525.
Muddebihal, io\\'xi,tdlitk, and Sub-division
in Bombay, ix. 525, 526.
Mudgal, town and fort in Nizam's
Dominions, ix. 526.
Mudgiri, tdhik in Mysore, ix. 526.
Mudhol, Native State in Bombay, ix.
526, 527.
Mudhol, chief town of State in Bombay,
ix. 528.
Mudivedu, town in Madras, ix. 528.
Mudki, battle-field in Punjab, vi. 411 ;
ix. 528.
Mu-dun, village in Burma, ix, 528.
Muftukhar Khan, first independent
Nawab of Cambay (1742), iii. 273.
Mugdai, spring and cavern in N.-W.
Provinces, ix. 528.
Mughalbhin, town in Sind, ix. 528, 529.
Mughal Empire, The (1526-1761), article
'India,' vi. chap. xi. pp. 290-316.
State of India in 1526, 290 ; early life
of Babar (1482-1526), 290; invasion
of India and defeat of Ibrahim Lodi
at Panipat, 290 ; Babar's conquest of
Northern India (1526-30), 290;
Humayiin (1530-56), his expulsion
from India (1540), and reconquest by
the second battle of Panipat (1556),
290, 291, and footnote; Akbar the
Great (1556-1605), 291-300; Akbar's
work in India, 292 and footnote ;
conciliation of the Hindus, 293 ; exten-
sion of the Mughal Empire, and re-
duction of the Rajputs (1561-68), 293 ;
Akbar's Hindu officers. Rajas Man
Singh and Todar Mall, 293 ; Akbar's
reforms of Hindu customs, 293 ; recon-
quest of Bengal and subjugation of
Muhammadan States, 294 ; change of
capital from Delhi to Agra, 294 ; an-
nexation of Khandesh in the Deccan,
294; Akbar's death, 295 ; his religious
principles and new faith, 295 ; Akbar's
reorganization of the army, police, and
judicial administration of the Empire,
296 ; his revenue system and land
revenue, 296, 297, and footnote ; large
totals of Mughal taxation, 298, 299 ;
Jahangir (1605-27), 300 and footnote;
Rajput revolts, 301 ; the Empress
Nur Jahan, 301 ; Jahangir's personal
character, justice, and religion, 301,
302; Shah Jahan (1628-58), 302-305;
loss of Kandahar, 303 ; Mughal con-
quests in the Deccan, 303, 304 ; Shah
Jahan's buildings, the Taj Mahal, the
Jama and Moti Masjids, and palace at
Delhi, 304, 305 ; rebellion of Prince
Aurangzeb, and deposition of Shah
Jahan (1657-58), 305; revenues of
Shah Ja'nan, 305 ; Aurangzeb's usurpa-
tion and reign (1658-1707), 306-312;
murder of his brothers, 307 ; rise of tlie
Maratha power, 307, 308 ; Aurangzeb"s
southern campaign and twenty years'
war with the Marathas, 308 ; Aurang-
zeb's ' Grand Army ' worn out in the
struggle (1705), his despair and death
(1707), 308, 309; Mir Jumla's dis-
astrous expedition to Assam, 306 ;
Aurangzeb's bigoted policy, antl
oppression of the Hindus, 309 ; revolt
of the Rajputs, 309, 310 ; Aurangzeb's
revenues and land-tax, 310, 31 1 ;
character of Aurangzeli, 312; decline
and fall of the Mughal Empire, the
six puppet kings (1707-20), 312,
313 ; independence of the Deccan, of
Oudh, and of the Rajput States, 314 ;
oppressions of the. Sikhs, 314 ; the
Maratha chanth, 314 ; Persian and
Afghan invasions from the north, 314,
315; third battle of Panipat (1761),
and fall of the Mughal Empire, 315 ;
the last of the Mughals (1862), 316.
MughaljDur, town in N.-W. Provinces, ix.
529-
Mughal Sarai, town in N.-W. Provinces,
i-^- 529-
Mughia, aboriginal tribe in Central India,
ix. 529.
Mugori. See Magori.
Muhamdi, town, tahsil, and pargand in
Oudh, ix. 529, 530.
Muhammad III., king of Gujarat, be-
sieged Diu (1537-45), and was de-
feated by Joao de Castro, iv. 307.
Muhammadabad, tahsil in Ghazipur Dis-
trict, N.-W. Provinces, ix. 530.
Muhammadabad, tahsil in Azamgarh
District, N.-W. Provinces, ix. 530, 531.
INDEX.
225
Muhammadabad, town in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, ix. 531.
Muhammad Afzal Khan, moved capital
of Afghan - Tiirkistan from Balkh to
Takhtapul (1858), i. 55.
Muhammad Ah', Nawab of the Karnatik,
held Arcot (1760-80), i. 310; granted
jdgir of Chinnamanaik to the East
India Company (1750), i. 321, and
Chengalpat (1760), iii. 382; took
Tanjore with English help (l773)) xiii-
182 ; fled to Trichinopoli, where he was
besieged by Chanda Sahib, xiii. 356.
Muhammad AH Shah, third king of
Oudh (1837-41), built the Husainabad
Imambara at Lucknow, viii. 509.
Muhammad Amin Khan, brother of
Amir Sher AH, Governor of Kandahar
(1858), rebelled and was killed in
battle (1865), vii. 395.
Muhammadans, for their number, see the
Population section of each District
article in the following Districts and
States : — Aden, i. 17 ; Bahawalpur, i.
422 ; Bakarganj, i. 443 ; Bannu, ii.
92, 93 ; Bogra, iii. 37, 38 ; Chittagong,
iii. 438 ; Dacca, iv. 82, 83 ; Dera
Ghazi Khan, iv. 213 ; Dera Ismail
Khan, iv. 222 ; Dinajpur, iv. 292,
293 ; Faridpur, iv. 398, 399 ; Gujran-
wala, V. 183; Gujrat, v. 191 ; Haidar-
abad (Sind), v. 276 ; Hazara, v. 363 ;
Tehlam, vii. 170; Jessor, vii. 186;
J hang, vii. 209 ; Karachi, vii. 447 ;
Kashmir, viii. 69, 70 ; Khairpur, viii.
135 ; Khulna, viii. 206 ; Kohat, viii.
246 ; Lahore, viii. 407 ; Maimarisingh,
ix. 193, 194; Montgomery, ix. 497;
Miiltan, x. 6 ; Muzaffargarh, x. 59, 60 ;
Nadiya, x. 133, 134 ; Noakhali, x. 344,
345; Pabna, x. 514, 515; Peshawar,
xi. 150; Rajshahi, xi. 431, 432 ; Ram-
pur, xi. 457 ; Rangpur, xi. 493 ;
Rawal Pindi, xii. 26 ; Shahpur, xii.
364 ; Shikarpur, xii. 392 ; Sialkot, xii.
444 ; .Sylhet, xiii. 148 ; Thar and
Parkar, xiii. 266 ; Tipperah, xiii. 315 ;
Upper Sind Frontier, xiii. 440. See
also Assam, i. 357, 358 ; Bengal, ii.
288-290, 292, 293 ; Bijnaur, ii. 431 ;
Bombay Presidency, iii. 51, 52, city,
iii. 81 ; Broach, iii. 103 ; Lower
Burma, iii. 179 ; Calcutta, iii. 256 ;
Central Provinces, iii. 317; Coorg,
iv. 35 ; Delhi city, iv. 195 ; Faizabad,
iv. 383 ; Haidarabad, v. 246 ; Berar,
V. 266, 267 ; Kaira, vii. 303 ; Kamriip,
vii. 360; North Kanara, vii. 371 ;
Lucknow, viii. 496, 497, 526 ; Madras
Presidency, ix. 18, 22, 23, city, ix.
108 ; Malabar, ix. 224, 225 ; Maldah,
ix. 242, 243 ; Murshidabad, x. 25 ;
N.-W. Provinces, x. 372; Oudh, x.
VOL. XIV.
497, 498 ; Patna, xi. 99 ; Punjab, xi.
272, 273 ; Rajputana, xi. 408, 410,
411 ; Saharanpur, xii. 119; Shahjahan-
pur, xii. 347 ; Sibsagar, xii. 464 ; Sind,
xii. 517 ; Tinnevelli, xiii. 304.
Muhammadan architecture, article 'India,'
vi. 112; 304. ^'f,? also Architecture.
Muhammadan conquest of India only
partial and temporary, article India,'
vi. 270.
Muhammadan population of India, article
'India,' vi. 51, and Appendix V. vi.
693. See also Muhammadans.
Muhammadan States of the Deccan
(1489-168S), article 'India,' vi. 288.
Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khilji, first Mu-
hammadan invader of Bengal 1^(1199),
ii. 275 ; defeated by Hajo, the Koch
leader in Kamnip (1204), vii. 356;
his invasion and its results in Lucknow,
viii. 494 ; took Monghyr, ix. 49 1 ;
took Nadiya (1203), x. 141 ; first
Muhammadan organizer of Oudh, x.
486.
Muhammad Beg, Governor of Agra
(1779-84), i. 69.
Muhammad Ben Manzur, mentions the
pearl fishery of Tinnevelli ( 1 2th century),
xiii. 308.
Muhammadgarh, Native State in Central
India, ix. 531.
Muhammad of Ghor, the first king of the
Ghor dynasty in India (1186-1206),
article 'India,' vi. 275-278; his con-
quests in N. India and overthrow of
the Rajput clans, 275, 276 ; subjuga-
tion of Bengal, and defeat of its last
independent Hindu king, 277, 278.
Local notices— Took Benares, ii. 263 ;
his wars with Prithwi Raja, iv. 190,
191 ; established colony of Dundiya
Kayasths at Dundwaraganj, iv. 321 ;
plundered Etawah, iv. 379 ; overran
Fatehpur, iv. 423 ; took Gwalior, v.
236 ; took Kanauj, vii. 386 ; moved
the capital from Lahore to Delhi, viii.
405 ; destroyed Mahim, ix. 181 ; his
invasions of the N.-W. Provinces, x.
363, 364 ; defeated the Ghakkars, who
afterwards murdered him, xii. 24 ;
took Uchh, xiii. 400.
Muhammad Hassan, mutineer leader,
occupied Gorakhpur (Aug. iS57-Jan.
1858), V. 167.
Muhammad Kasim, first Muhammadan
invader of India, conquered Dera
Ghazi Khan (712), iv. 210; took
Merankot on site of Haidaraljad, v.
287 ; conquered Miiltan, x. 4 ; said to
have taken Sehwan, xii. 306 ; his
invasions of Sind, xii. 508, 509 ; said
to have been defeated by Bappa Rawal,
xiii. 403.
226
INDEX.
Muhammad Khan, the most prosperous
Nawab of Dera Ismail Khan (1792-
1815), founded Mankera, iv. 221.
Muhammad Khan, granted Kohat and
Hangu by Ranji't Singh (1834), gave
up G. Lawrence to the Silvhs (1849),
viii. 244, 245.
Muhammad Khan Bangarh, annexed
part of Budaun (1719), iii. 118.
Muhammad Khan, Nawab of Farukh-
abad, founded that city(i7i4), iv. 417.
Muhammad Khan of Sangarhi, his story,
granted Seoni by Raghuji Bhonsla for
his bravery, xii. 310.
Muhammad Khan's Tando, Sub-division
in Sind, ix. 531, 532.
Muhammad Kuli Kutab Shah, fifth king
of Golconda (1577- 1611), founded
Haidarabad (1589), his power and
buildings there, v. 254, 255,
Muhammadpur, village in Patna Dis-
trict, Bengal, ix. 532.
Muhammadpur, town in Jessor District,
Bengal, ix. 532.
Muhammadpur, town and parga/td in
Oudh, ix. 532.
Muhammad Shah, Emperor (1719-48),
defeated and took prisoner Ali Muham-
mad, the Rohilla leader (1746), ii. 139 ;
Marathas appeared before the walls of
Delhi (1726), iv. 193 ; induced Mubariz
Khan to attack the Nizam (1724), v.
258 ; defeated at Karnal by Nadir
Shah (1739), viii. 20; built grove and
tank at Loni, viii. 490 ; reconquered
Rohilkhand, ix. 506.
Muhammad Shah of Ahmadabad, de-
feated the rebel cobbler, Takhi, at
Karra (1346), viii. 48.
Muhammad Shah Bahmani II., first
Muhammadan invader of Kistna, viii.
227 ; took Kondapalli (1471), viii.
287; and Masulipatam (1478), ix. 353.
Muhammad Shuja, Viceroy of Bengal,
moved capital back from Rajmahal to
Dacca, iv. 81 ; built the Katra at
Dacca, iv. 90.
Muhammad Tughlak, second king of the
Tughlak dynasty (1324-51), article
' India,' vi. 283-285 ; expeditions to
the south, 283 ; his cruelties, enforced
change of capital, revolts, revenue
exactions, 284, 285 ; ' man-hunts,' 284,
285. Local notices — Annexed Dacca
to Afghan kingdom of Gaur, iv. 80 ;
twice forcibly changed the capital from
Delhi to Daulatabad, iv. 159, 160,
192 ; completed the conquest of the
Deccan (1338), iv. 165 ; capture of
Kulbarga (1323), viii. 332; expelled
Ibrahim Sultan of Jaunpur from Sam-
bhal, ix. 505, 506 ; blockaded Kond-
hana, now Sinhgarh (1340), xii. 543;
gave up Surat to be plundered (1347),
xiii. 120.
Muhammad Tughral, invaded Tipperah
(1279), xiii. 314.
Muhammad Yusaf, occupied Sholavandan
(1717) to cover Calliaud's operations
against Madura, xii. 422 ; his rule in
Tinnevelli (1756-58, 1759-63), xiii.
300.
Muhammadzais, Pathan tribe in Pesha-
war, xi. 149.
Muhpa. See Mohpa.
Muir's, Dr. John, Sanskrit Texts, quoted,
article 'India,' vi. 81 (footnote 2);
84 (footnote 3); 94 (footnote); 212
(footnote 4) ; 334 (footnotes i and 2).
Muir, Sir William, central college, Allah-
abad, named after, i. 198; Lieut. -
Governor of N.-W. Provinces (1868-
74), x. 370.
Mujnai, river in Bengal, ix. 532, 533.
Mukama, town in Bengal, ix. 533.
Mukandwara, village in Rajputana, ix.
533-
Mukarrab Khan, Governor of Surat,
allowed English captain to sell there,
xiii. 121.
Mukarrab Khan, physician to Shah
Jahan, granted the town and surround-
ing country of Kairana, vii. 308.
Mukarrab Khan, the last independent
Ghakkar chief, defeated by the Sikh,
Gujar Singh (1765), and murdered, v.
190, xii. 24.
Muicerian, town in Punjab, ix. 533.
Mukimpur, town in Oudh, ix. 534. See
Shahganj.
Mukri-betta, peak in Madras, ix. 534.
Muktsar, town and tahsil in Punjab, ix.
534, 535-
Mul, hill range in Central Provinces, ix.
535-
Mill, town and tahsil in Central Pro-
vinces, ix. 535.
Mula, mountain pass in Baluchistan,
ix. 536.
Mulagul, village in Assam, ix. 537.
Mulajmapura, petty State in Bombay,
ix. 537-
Mulanur, town in Madras, ix. 537.
Mulbagal, town and tdltik in Mysore, ix.
537-
Mulberry, Cultivation of, in Bengal,
article 'India,' vi. 513. Local notices
— In Badakshan, i. 407 ; Baluchistan,
ii. 36 ; Bangalore, ii. 63 ; Bardwan,
ii. 130 ; Bengal, ii. 271 ; Birbhiim, iii.
5 ; Bogra, iii. 25, 29 ; Herat, v. 391 ;
Hugli, v. 494 ; Kandahar, vii. 391 ;
Kangra, vii. 412 ; Kashmir, viii. 71 ;
Khairpur, viii. 136 ; Kolar, viii. 276,
279 ; Lahore, viii. 404, 410 ; Lakhim-
pur, viii. 433 ; Maldah, ix. 240, 244 ;
INDEX.
227
Mergui, ix. 410 ; Midnapur, ix. 429 ;
Murshiddbad, x. 26 ; Mysore State, x.
ICX3, District, X. 119; Nadiya, x. 135;
Peshawar, xi. 146 ; Rajshahi, xi. 433 ;
Rangpur, xi. 496 ; Safed Koh Moun-
tains, xii. 99 ; Sind, xii. 520 ; Sukkur,
xiii. 91 ; Thayet-myo, xiii. 285 ; Tum-
kur, xiii. 378 ; Yelandur, xiii. 552.
Mufes, article 'India,' vi. 521.
Mulgund, town in Bombay, ix. 538.
Muli, Native State and town in Kathia-
war, ix. 537, 538.
Mulila Deri, petty State in Bombay, ix.
538.
Mulki, town in Madras, ix. 538.
Mullama Konda. See Horsley Konda.
Miiller, Professor Max, History of San-
skrit Literature, translation of Rig-
Veda, article ' India,' vi. 83 (footnotes
I and 2) ; 84 (footnotes) ; 85 (foot-
note); Chips from a German Workshop,
83 (footnote i) ; 127 (footnote 3) ; 142
(footnote 2); 151 (footnote 2); Con-
temporary Revie'M for July 1870, 151
(footnote 3) ; Sacred Books of the East,
vol. xxii., the Jaina Sutras, by Her-
mann Jacobi, 161 (footnotes 4, 5, 6, 7,
and 8).
Mulraj of Multan, farmed Dera Ghazi
Khan from the Sikhs up to 1848, iv.
212 ; when diwdn, driven out of Hazara
by a revolt (1845), v. 362 ; Nawab of
^Iultan (1844-49) when his rebellion
was put down, and he was transported
for murder, x. 5.
Multai, town and tahsil in Central Pro-
vinces, ix. 538, 539.
IMultan, Division or Commissionership in
Punjab, x. i.
Multan, District in Punjab, x. 2-10 ;
physical aspects, 2, 3 ; history, 3-5 ;
population, 5, 6 ; religion, 6 ; town
and rural population, 6, 7 ; agriculture,
7, 8 ; commerce and trade, 8, 9 ; ad-
ministration, 9, 10; medical aspects, 10.
Multan, tahsil \n Punjab, x. 10, II.
Multan, city and commercial centre in
Punjab, X. 11- 13.
Multan, cantonment in Punjab, x.
1 3-,
Multan, town in Central India, x.
Mundargi, town in Bombay, x. 13.
Mundas, aboriginal tribe of Kols in
Chutia Nagpur, article 'India,' vi. 71
(footnote). See Kols.
Mundavers, wandering pastoral tribe in
the Anamalai Hills, article ' India,' vi.
55-
Mundhri, tovra in Central Provinces,
^- ^?;
Mundias, gold-washing aboriginal tribe
in Seoni, xii. 309.
JNIundlana, town in Punjab, x. 13, 14.
Mundra, port in Bombay, x. 14.
Mungapakam, village in Madras, x. 14.
Mungeli, town and tahsil in Central Pro-
vinces, X. 14, 15.
Mungir. See Monghyr.
Municipal administration and statistics,
article ' India,' vi. 455-457 ; 470. See
especially the notices of the following
more important municipalities : — Agra,
i. 76 ; Ahmadabad, i. 97 ; Ahmad-
nagar, i. 109 ; Ajmere, i. 133 ; Ali-
garh, i. 178; Allahabad, i. 199;
Ambala, i. 226 ; Amritsar, i. 266 ;
Bangalore, ii. 71 ; Benares, ii. 267 ;
Bombay, iii. 82 ; Calcutta, iii. 256,
257 ; Cawnpur, iii. 293 ; Chittagong,
iii. 444 ; Dacca, iv. 89 ; Delhi, iv.
197 ; Dharwar, iv. 267 ; Gaya, v. 53 ;
Howrah, v. 456 ; Jabalpur, vii. 37 ;
Karachi, vii. 459 ; Lahore, viii. 419 ;
Lucknow, viii. 517 ; Madras, ix. log-
in ; Madura, ix. 133 ; Mangalore, ix.
314; Masulipatam, ix. 352; Meerut,
ix. 394; Mirzapur, ix. 462 ; Moradabad,
ix. 514; Multan, x. 12 ; Murshiddbad,
X. 32 ; Muttra, x. 54 ; Mysore, x. 122 ;
Nagpur, X. 174 ; Patna, xi. no ; Pesha-
war, xi. 159 ; Poona, xi. 210 ; Ran-
goon, xi. 484 ; Rdwal Pindi, xii. 37 ;
Salem, xii. 166 ; Shahjahdnpur, xii.
356; .Sidlkot, xii. 451 ; Surat, xiii.
I35> i36;Tanjore, xiii. i95,;Trich-
inopoli, xiii. 364, 365 ; Vizagapatam,
xiii. 498.
Munir. See Maniar.
Munj, village and ruins in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, X. 15.
Munjpur. See Mujpur.
Munoli. See Manoli.
Munro, Major (afterwards Sir Hector),
suppression of the first .Sepoy Mutiny
by, article ' India,' vi. 386 ; defeat of
the Imperial and Oudh armies at
Baxar, 386. Local notices — His victory
at Baxar (1764), ii. 220; failed to take
Chanar (1763), iii. 347 ; took Pondi-
cherri (1778) xi. 198 ; took Timeri
(1760), xiii. 297.
Munro, .Sir Thomas, introducer of the
rdyatiuari system of land settlement
into Madras, article ' India,' vi. 446.
Local tiottces — Commissioner of the
Ceded Districts, made settlement of
Bellary, ii. 243, 248 ; his administra-
tion and settlement of Cuddapah, iv.
49 ; general order on his retirement,
quoted, iv. 50 ; resided for some years
at Dharmapuri, iv. 254 ; pointed out
the failure of the Permanent Settlement
in Godavari (1822), v. 125 ; memorial
well at Gooty, v. 161 ; made the first
settlement of Kanara (iSoo), vii. 382 ;
228
INDEX.
his difficulties in making the settlement
of Karniil then included in Bellary, viii.
43 ; assisted by the Desai of Kittur in
his siege of Belgaum (1818), viii. 237 ;
abolished the Government timber
monopoly in Malabar and S. Kanara
(1822), ix. 6 ; his advocacy of the im-
proved niyatwdri system in Madras,
ix. 45, 46 ; Governor of Madras (1820-
27), ix. 67 ; statue of, at Madras, ix.
106 ; buried in St. Mary's Church,
Madras, ix. 107 ; died of cholera at
Pattikonda, xi. 118 ; took Ranibennur,
(1818), xi. 503 ; assistant to Capt.
Read, Collector of Salem (1792), and
later Read's secretary (1799), xii. 155 ;
took Sandiir (1817), xii. 207; stormed
Sholapur(i8i8), xii. 421 ; administered
Travancore for Lakshmi Rani(i8ii),
xiii. 347.
Munro, J. C, Sub-collector of Sholapur,
monument to, at Dharwar, iv. 267 ;
killed at taking of Kittur (1824), viii.
237-
Munro, J., on the forests of Travancore,
quoted, xiii. 345.
ISIunyeru, river in Madras, x. 15.
Murad, son of Akbar, driven from
Ahmadnagar by Chand Bibi (1595), i.
108.
INIurad, son of Shah Jahan, defeated by
Aurangzeb, near Dholpur (1658), iv.
276.
JMuradabad, District, tahsil, and town.
See Moradabad.
Muradabad, town in Oudh, x. 15, 16.
Muradnagar, village in N.-W. Provinces,
x. 16.
Murarai, village in Bengal, x. 16.
Murassapur, town in Oudh, x. 16.
Murbad, Sub-division in Bombay, x.
16, 17.
Murdara, town in Central Provinces,
X. 17.
Murdeswar, port in Bombay, x. 17.
Murgod, town in Bombay, x. 17.
]Murliganj, town in Bengal, x. 17.
IMurmis, aboriginal tribe, in Darjiling,
iv. 133 ; in the Himalaya Mountains,
v. 413.
Murnad, village in Coorg, x. 17.
Murray, Lt.-Col., occupied Perim (1799),
xi. 138.
Murree, iahsilm Punjab, x. 17-19.
INIurree, hill station and sanitarium in
Punjab, X. 19.
Murree Hills, range in Punjab, x. 20.
Mursan, town in N.-W. Provinces, x. 20.
Murshidabad, District in Bengal, x. 20-
31 ; physical aspects, 21, 22 ; history,
22-24 J people, 24, 25 ; religion, 25 ;
tribes, castes, etc., 25; towns, etc.,
25, 26 ; agriculture, 26-28 ; manu-
factures, 28 ; trade, 28, 29 ; means of
communication, 29 ; administration,
29, 30 ; education, 30 ; medical aspects,
3°' 31; ,
Murshidabad, Sub-division in Bengal,
X. 31- , ,
Murshidabad city Sub-divison. See
Lalbagh.
Murshidabad, city in Bengal, x. 31-39;
area and population, 31, 32 ; history,
32, 33 ; the city and its buildings,
33-36 ; the Raft Festival, 35 ; general
aspect of the city, 36 ; the Motijhil,
36, 37 ; the Punyd, 37 ; the Khush
Bagh, 37, 38 ; the Kuttara, 38, 39 ;
trade, 39.^
Murshid Kiili Khan, Nawab of Bengal,
his transfer of the capital from Dacca
to Murshidabad, article 'India,' vi.
380, 381. Local notices — Nawab of
Bengal (1704-25), ii. 278 ; his transfer
of capital (1704), iv. 81, 90 ; his
foundation of Murshidabad and rule
over Bengal, x. 22, 23 ; his tomb, x. 39.
Murtazapur, town and idlitk in Berar, x.
39, 40.
Murtiza AH, murdered Sabdar AH at
Vellore (1741), and held Vellore until
1760, xiii. 468.
Murwara, town and fahsil in Central
Provinces, x. 40.
Musafirkhana, tahsil. See Muzaffarkhana.
Musahars, semi-Hinduized tribe in Ben-
gal, ii. 296.
Museums, at Allahabad, i. 198 ; Delhi,
iv. 196; Jaipur, vii. 60; Karachi, vii.
454; Lahore, viii. 418; Madras, ix.
118; Nagpur, X. 172; Rajamahendri,
xi. 387 ; the Phayre at Rangoon, xi.
484 ; the Napier at Trivandrum, xiii,
370-
Music, Hindu, article 'India,' vi. iio-
112; peculiarities of Indian music, III ;
its modern revival, ill, 112. Local
notices — Of the Bhutias, ii. 412 ; of the
Gonds, iii. 308 ; of the Santals, xii.
242.
Music, The Imperial, still maintained at
Murshidabad, x. 35.
Musical instruments, made at Miraj, ix.
440 ; Murshidabad, x. 39.
Musiri, town and idlnk in Madras, x. 41.
Muskara, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces,
x. 41.
Musk deer, article ' India,' vi. 658.
Local 7iotices — Bhutan, ii. 414 ;
Chamba, iii. 329 ; Darjiling, iv. 130 ;
Garhwal, v. 22 ; Himalaya Mountains,
V. 409 ; Kangra, vii. 413 ; Kashmir,
viii. 68 ; Kiilu, viii. 338 ; Mishmi
Hills, ix. 464.
Muslin manufactures of Dacca and
Madras, decline of the industry, article
INDEX.
229
' India,' vi. 602, 603. Local notices —
At Behar, ii. 228 ; Chicacole, iii. 407,
V. 7 ; Dacca, iv. 81, 82, 86, 90, 91 ;
Delhi, iv. 197 ; Dindigal, iv. 301 ;
Mahmudi in Hardoi, v. 327 ; Jais, vii.
65 ; Lucknow, viii. 516 ; Maiman-
singh, ix. 198 ; Santipur in Nadiya, x.
137 ; .Sehore, xii. 304 ; Sikandarabad,
xii. 478.
Mussooree, town and sanitarium in X.-W.
Provinces, x. 41, 42.
Mustafabad, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces,
X. 42.
Mustafabad, town in Punjab, x. 42.
^Mustafabad, town in Faizabad, Oudh,
X, 42.
Mustafabad, town in Rai Bareli, Oudh,
X. 42, 43.
Mustagh, pass over the Himalayas on
the trade route from the Punjab into
E. Turkistan, article 'India,' vi. 6.
Mutiny of Sepoys, at Barrackpur (1824),
ii. 175; Vellore (1806), xiii. 464;
Vizagapatam (1780), xiii. 498.
Mutiny, The, of 1857-58, article ' India,'
vi. 417-421; its causes, 417, 418;
outbreaks at Meerut and Delhi, 419 ;
spread of the revolt, 419 ; loyalty of
the Sikhs, 419 ; massacre at Cawnpur,
420 ; siege and relief of Lucknow, 420,
421 ; siege of Delhi, 421 ; reduction of
Oudh, 421 ; campaigns of Sir Colin
Campbell (Lord Clyde) and Sir Hugh
Rose (Lord Strathnairn), 421, 422.
Local notices — -Agra District, i. 62,
city, i. 70; Ajmere-Merwara,' i. 122;
Aligarh, i. 171 ; Allahabad District, i.
187, 188, city, i. 197, 198; Arrah, i. 334,
335, xii. 328, 329 ; Azamgarh, i. 394,
395; Baksar, i. 450, 451 ; Balihri, ii.
13; Ballabgarh, ii. 17 ; Banda, ii. 49;
Bara Banki, ii. 109 ; Bareilly, ii. 140 ;
Barrackpur, ii. 175, 176; Bellary, ii.
243 ; Benares, ii. 257 ; Bengal, ii. 280,
281 ; Berhampur, ii. 325 ; Bijnaur, ii.
430 ; Bilaspur, ii. 448 ; Budaun, iii.
118, 119; Bulandihahr, iii. 134, 135;
Cawnpur District, iii. 281-283, city,
iii. 291, 292 ; Champaran, iii. 335 ;
Chanda, iii. 351 ; Chatra, iii. 374,
375 ; Chittagong, iii. 437, 445, 446 ;
Dacca, iv. 82 ; Delhi, iv. 194, 195 ;
Deori, iv. 206 ; Dinapur, iv. 300 ;
Etah, iv. 360 ; Etawah, iv. 372 ;
Faizabad, iv. 382 ; Farukhabad, iv.
411; Fatehgarh, iv. 420; Fatehpur,
iv. 424, 425 ; Firozpur, iv. 441 ; Gaya,
v. 45, 46; Ghazipur, v. 64, 65 ; Gonda,
v. 149, 150 ; Gorakhpur, v. 167 ;
Gurgaon, v. 217; Gwalior, v. 233;
Haidarabad, v. 252 ; Hamirpur, v.
300 ; Hissar, v. 428 ; Indore, vii. 7 ;
Jalaun, vii. 96 ; Jaswantnagar, vii.
147 ; Jaunpur, vii. 153 ; Jhansi, vii.
219, 220; Jind, vii. 232; Kalpi, vii.
342 ; Kanjia, vii. 433 ; Karwi, viii.
56, 57; Khair, viii. 127, 128; Kheri,
viii. 191 ; Kimlasa, viii. 201 ; Kotah,
viii. 305 ; Kot Kamalia, viii. 312 ;
Kunch, viii. 363 ; Kurai, viii. 368 ;
Lahore, viii. 406, 407 ; Lalitpur, viii.
449.. 450 ; .. Lohardaga, viii. 479;
Loisinh, viii. 4S8 ; Lucknow, viii.
512-515; Mainpuri, ix. 204; Mandla.
ix. 303 ; Mandrak, ix. 309 ; Mataundh,
ix. 362 ; Maudha, ix. 370 ; Meerut, ix.
384, 385 ; Mianganj, ix. 421 ; Miran-
pur, ix. 441 ; Mirzapur, ix. 454, 455 ;
l^Iontgomery, ix. 496 ; Moradabad, ix.
506, 507 ; ]\Iuttra, x. 46, 47 ; Muzaf-
farnagar, x. 69, 70 ; Nagina, x. 160 ;
Nagpur, X. 168, 169; Nargund, x.
211; Xasirabad, x. 239; Nawabganj,
X. 248 ; Nimar, x. 331 ; N.-W. Pro-
vinces, x. 370 ; Oudh, X. 495, 496 :
Patna, xi. 96-98 ; Peshawar, xi. 149,
150; Phaphund, xi. 166; Pilibhit, xi.
173; Punjab, xi. 267-269 ; Rahatgaih,
'^^- 345! 346 j Kajputana, xi. 407 ;
Ramgarh, xi. 448 ; Rawal Pindi, xii.
25 ; Rewari, xii. 55 ; Rohtak, xii. 70,
71 ; .Sadabad, xii. 91 ; Sagar, xii. 102,
103; Saharanpur, xii. 117, 118 ; Sam-
balpur, xii. 181 ; Secunderabad, xii.
303 ; Segauli, xii. 303 ; Shahjahanpur,
xii. 345> 346 ; Shamli, xii. 375 ;
Shorapur, xii. 423 ; .Sialkot, xii. 443,
451 ; Sikandarabad, xii. 478 ; .Singh-
bhi'im, xii. 534 ; Sitapur, xiii. 32, n;
Srinagar, xiii. 78 ; Sultan pur, xiii. 98,
105 ; Thana Bhawan, xiii. 259 ; Trini-
bak, xiii. 366 ; Tulsipur, xiii. 374 ;
Udaipur (Bengal), xiii. 412 ; Unao,
xiii. 429, 430 ; Vaniyambadi, xiii. 463.
Muttra, District in N.-W. Provinces, x.
43-52 ; physical aspects, 43-45 ; his-
tory, 45-47 ; population, 47, 48 ; agri-
culture, 48, 49 ; natural calamities, 49,
50 ; commerce and trade, 50 ; admini-
stration, 50, 51 ; medical aspects, 51,
5-- , .
Muttra, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces, x.
52, 53-
Muttra, city in N.-W. Provinces, x. 53,
Muvattapalai, taluk in Travancore. Sec
Muattapalai.
jMuwanah, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces.
See Mawana.
Muzafifar 11., king of Gujarat (1513-26),
repaired fort of Dohad, iv. 312.
Muzaffarabad, town in Kashmir, x. 54.
Muzaffargarh, District in Punjab, x. 54-
64 ; physical aspects, 55-58 ; histor)-,
58, 59 ; population, 59-61 ; agriculture,
61, 62 ; commerce and trade, 62, 63 ;
23°
INDEX.
administration, 63, 64 ; medical as-
pects, 64.
Muzaffargarh, tahsil in Punjab, x. 64,
Muzaffargarh, town in Punjab, x. 65, 66.
Muzaffar Jang, second Nizam (1748-51),
held Adoni, i. 27 ; defeated An\var-ud-
din at Ambar, i. 230 ; granted Alam-
parai to Dupleix, i. 163 ; his battle
with Morari Rao at Chilambaram, iii.
412 ; ceded Masulipatam to the
French, iii. 468 ; his murder, iv. 49,
56, viii. 42 ; his reign in Haidarabad,
V. 249.
Muzaffar Jang, Nawab of Karnul (1815-
23), his history, viii. 42.
Muzaffar Khan, Nawab of Miiltan, helped
the last Sial chief of Jhang against
Ranjit Singh, vii. 208 ; held Multan
(1779-1818) when defeated by Ranjit
Singh and killed, x. 65 ; built Muzaffa-
garh, X. 65.
Muzaffarkhana, tahsil \n Oudh, x. 66.
Muzaffarnagar, District in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, X. 66-76 ; physical aspects,
66-68; history, 68-70; population,
70-72 ; agriculture, 72, 73 ; natural
calamities, 74 ; commerce and trade,
74; administration,', 74, 75; sanitary
aspects, 75, 76.
Muzaffarnagar, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces,
X. 76.
Muzaffarnagar, town in N.-W. Provinces,
X. 76, 77.
iNIuzaffarpur, District in Bengal, x. 77-83 ;
physical aspects, 77-79 ; population,
79, 80; agriculture, 80, 81 ; manu-
factures, 81, 82 ; means of communi-
cation, 82; administration, 82, 83.
Muzaffarpur, Sub - division in Bengal,
X. 83. "
Muzaffarpur, town in Bengal, x. 83, 84.
Muzaffar Shah, last king of Ahmadabad,
lost Broach to Akbar (1573), iii. 1 13.
Muzang, suburb of Lahore, x. 84.
ISIyan - aung, township and town in
Burma, x. 84.
Myauk-bhet-myo, township in Burma,
X. 84.
Mvaung-mya, township in Burma, x.
84, 85.
Myaung-mya, town in Burma, x. 85.
Myaung-mya, creek in Burma, x. 85, 86.
Mvaung - mva - haung, creek in Burma,
X. 86. '
Mya-wa-di, portion of Kama township,
Burma, x. 86.
Mye-bon, township in Burma, x. 86.
Mye-de, township in Burma, x. 86.
Myit-ma-ka, upper portion of the Hlaing
river, Burma, x. 86.
Myit-ta-ya, river in Burma, x. 86, 87.
Mylapur, suburb of Madras, x. 87.
Mylaveram, town in Madras. See Mai-
laveram.
Myllim, petty State in the Khasi Hills,
Assam, x. 87.
Myo - haung, township and town in
Burma. See Mro-haung.
Myouk-bhet-myo, township in Burma.
See Myauk-bhet-myo.
Myoung-mya, township, town, and creek
in Burma. See Myauna-mya.
Myoung-mya-houng, creek in Burma.
See Myaung-mya-haung.
Myrobalams, Export of, article ' India,'
vi. 574,575- Local 7iotkes — Belgaum,
ii. 232 ; Bombay, iii. 45 ; Ganjam, v. 2 ;
Godavari, v. 123 ; Monghyr, ix. 481 ;
Nilgiri Hills, x. 324 ; N.-W. Pro-
vinces, X. 381 ; Siddhapur, xii. 473 :
Vizagapatam, xiii. 484.
Mysore, Native State in S. India, x.
87-113; table of area and population,
88 ; physical aspects, 88, 89 ; water-
system and irrigation, 89-91 ; geology,
9r, 92 ; history, 92-95 ; present native
administration, 95, 96 ; population,
96-100; wild tribes, 98, 99; Hindu
sects, 99, 100 ; language, 100 ; agri-
culture, 100-103; l^"<i tenures, 103-
105 ; the famine of 1876-78, 105, 106 ;
manufactures, 106, 107 ; mines and
quarries, 107 ; coxrimerce, 107 ; roads
and railways, 107, 108 ; revenue and
expenditure, 108, 109 ; local funds,
109 ; municipalities, 109 ; public
works, 109; forests, 109, no; postal
facilities, no ; justice, no, m ;
police. III; militarj', in, 112; mis-
sions, 112 ; education, 112, 113 ;
medical institutions, II3.
Mysore, First war with, against Haidar
AH (1780-84), article 'India,' vi. 392 ;
second Mysore war (1790-92), 394 ;
Tipu's intrigues with France, and the
third Mysore war (1799), 396; fall of
Seringapatam and death of Tipd in
the breach, 397 ; Mysore taken under
British administration and protection,
406 ; rendition of, to its ancient heredi-
tary Hindu rulers, 427, 435. See also
Haidar All and Tipii.
Mysore, District in Mysore State, x.
113-122; physical aspects, 113-115 ;
history, 115, 116; population, I16-
liS; agriculture, II 8- 1 20; manufac-
tures and commerce, 120 ; administra-
tion, 120, 121 ; medical aspects, 121,
122.
Mysore, tdliik in Mysore, x. 122.
Mysore, capital of Mysore State, x.
122-124; population and municipal
revenue and expenditure, 122 ; general
aspects, buildings, etc., 122-124; his-
tory, 124.
INDEX.
231
N
Naaf, an arm of the Bay of Bengal, x.
124.
Naaf, township in Burma, x. 124, 125.
Nabadwip, town in Bengal. See Nadiya.
Nabaganga, river of Bengal, x. 125.
Nabha, one of the cis-Sutlej Native States,
Punjab, X. 125, 126.
Nabha, capital of Nabha State, Punjab,
X. 126.
Xabhaji Das,. Hindi poet of the i6th
century, and author of the Bhaktamdld,
vi. 345-
Nabiganj, village in N.-W. Provinces,
X. 127.
Nabiganj, village in Assam, x. 127.
Nabinagar. town in Oudh, x. 127.
Nabisar, town in Sind, x. 127.
Nabog Nai, pass in Kashmir, x. 127.
Nabpur, village in Bengal, x. 127.
Nachangaon, ancient town in Central Pro-
vinces, X. 127.
Nachiarkovil, town in Madras, x. 128.
Nadanghat, village in Bengal, x. 128.
Nadaun, town in Punjab, x. 128.
Nadigaon, town in Datia State, Central
India, x. 128.
Nadir Shah's invasion of India, and sack
of Delhi, article ' India,' vi. 314.
Local notices — Besieged Farrah, i. 35 ;
occupied Afghanistan, i. 49 ; appointed
Nasir Khan bcglerbey of Baluchistan,
ii. 30 ; ravaged and plundered Delhi,
iv. 193 ; conquered Dera Ghazi Khan
(1739), iv. 211 ; ravaged Hissar, v.
428 ; destroyed Jagadhri, vii. 40 ;
founded second city of Kandahar as
Nadirabad, vii. 389 ; besieged Kan-
dahar (1737), vii. 392; defeated Mu-
hammad Shah at Karnal (1739), viii.
20; passed through Lahore (1738),
viii. 406 ; his invasion of Punjab, xi.
264 ; defeated Niir Muhammad Kal-
hora, ruler of Sind, xii. 512; took
Tatta (1742), xiii. 218.
Nadiya, District in Bengal, x. 128- 141 ;
physical aspects, 128 - 130 ; histor}-,
130, 131 ; indigo riots, 131 ; popula-
tion, 131 -135 ; agriculture, 135-137;
natural calamities, 137 ; manufactures
and trade, 138; /^/^ or Sanskrit schools,
138; administration, 138-140 ; medical
aspects, 140, 141.
Nadiya, Sub-division in Bengal, x. 141.
Nadiya, town and ancient capital in
Bengal, x. 141, 142.
Nadiya rivers. Engineering works to keep
open the navigation of, during the dry
season, article 'India,' vi. 552, 553.
Nadol, town in Rajputana, x. 142, 143.
Naf, arm of the Bay of Bengal. See Naaf.
Naga Hills, District in Assam, x. 143-
154; physical aspects, 143, 144; his-
tory, 144-147; population, 147-152;
the Nagas, x. 147-150; the Kukis,
150, 151 ; the Mikirs, 15 1 ; agricul-
ture, 152, 153 ; manufactures and
trade, 153; administration, 153, 154;
most easterly offshoot of the Hima-
layas, article 'India,' vi. 3. See also
Nagas.
Nagal, village in N.-W. Provinces, x.
Nagalapur, hill range in Madras, x. 154.
Nagamangala, village and taluk in My-
sore, X. 154.
Nagapatnam, town in Madras. See Nega-
patam.
Nagar, town and ancient capital in
Bengal, x. 155.
Nagar, port in Madras, x. 155.
Nagar, river in N. Bengal, x. 155, 156.
Nagar, small river in N. Bengal, x. 156.
Nagar, Division, taluk, and village in
Mysore, x. 156.
Nagar, town in Punjab, x. 156, 157.
Nagar, hill range in Central Provinces,
X. 157.
Nagarbasti, town in Bengal, x. 157.
Nagardhan, decayed town in Central Pro-
vinces. See Nandarthan.
Nagari, hill range in Madras, x. 157.
Nagari Nose, peak in Madras, x. 157.
Nagar Khas, village in N.-W. Provinces,
.f- '57:
Nagarkoil, town in Travancore, x. 157,
'58- ^ .
Nagar Kot, ancient town in Punjab. See
Kangra.
Nagar Parkar, town and taluk in Sind,
x. 158.
Nagas, The, aboriginal tribe in Assam,
i. 351; Cachar, iii. 231, 232, 235;
Lakhimpur,viii. 431 ; Manipur, ix. 330;
the Naga Hills, x. 147-150; the Reng-
ma Nagas, xii. 43 ; Sibsagar, xii. 464.
Nagas or serpent-worshippers, Ancient
dynasties of, article ' India,' vi. 185,
186 ; 204. See also Bara Banki, ii.
107.
Nagas, foot soldiers of Jaipur, belonging
to the sect of the Dadti Pan this, x. 201.
Nagaur, town in Rajputana, x. 158, 159.
Nagavali, river in Madras. See Lan
guliya.
Nagavaram, estate and village in Madras,
x. 159.
Nagdirgram, village in Assam, x. 159.
Naggery, village and railway station in
Madras. See Nagari Nose.
Nagina, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces, x.
159-
Nagina, town in N. -\\ . Provinces, x.
159, 160.
?32
INDEX.
Nagkanda, pass near Simla, Punjab, x.
1 60.
Nagode, petty State in Central India,
X. 160, 161.
Nagode, chief town of Nagode State,
X. 161.
Nagore, town and port in Madras. See
Nagar.
Nagottma, town in Bombay, x. 161,
162.
Nagpur, the territories of the Maratha
Bhonsla family lapsed to the British
for want of heirs (1853), article ' India,'
yi- 415-
Nagpur, Division or Commissionership in
Central Provinces, x. 162, 163.
Nagpur, District in Central Provinces,
x. 163-173 ; physical aspects, 164,
165; geology, 165; history, 165-169;
population, 169, 170; agriculture, 170,
171 ; commerce and trade, 171, 172 ;
administration, 172; medical aspects,
172, 173-
Nagpur, tahsil in Central Provinces, x.
^,173-
Nagpur, capital of the Central Provinces,
and cantonment, x. 173-175.
Nagram, town in Oudh, x. 175.
Nagwan, village in N.-W. Provinces, x.
Nahals, aboriginal tribe in Nimar, x. 332.
Nahan, Native State in Punjab. See
Sirmur.
Nahan, capital of Sirmur State, x. 175.
Nahara, petty State in Bombay, x. 175,
176.
Nahir dynasty, The, a branch of the
Lodis flourished in the Derajat (15th-
i8th centuries), iv. 210, 211.
Naigaon Ribahi, petty State in Bundel-
khand, x. 176.
Naihati, town in Bengal, x. 176.
Naikdas, The, wild forest tribe in Bom-
bay, X. 176, 177 ; Narukot, x. 226,
227 ; the Panch Mahals, xi. 30, 31.
Nain, village in Oudh, x. 177.
Naina Kot, village in Punjab, x. 177.
Naini Tal, hill station in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, x. 177, 178.
Nain Singh, Pandit, native explorer,
quoted, on the Himalayas, v. 404 ; on
Lake Palti, v. 407.
Nainwah, town in Rajputana, x. 178.
Nair brigade, The, at Trivandrum, xiii.
369-
Nairs, tribe of S.-W. India, their poly-
andry, article ' India,' vi. 55. Local
notices — Massacred British soldiers
at Alleppi (1809), i. 200; in Kadat-
tanad, vii. 279 ; Karattanad, vii. 469 ;
Madras, ix. 19 ; their customs in Mala-
bar, ix. 227, 228 ; in Travancore, xiii.
346, 347-
Najafgarh, village in N.-W. Provinces,
X. 178.
Najafgarh Jhil, large lake or marsh in
Punjab, X. 178, 179.
Najaf Khan, recovered Agra from the
Marathas and Jats, i. 61, 69; took
Dholpur, iv. 276 ; and Dig, iv. 286 ;
besieged Lachmangarh, viii. 396.
Najibabad, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces,
X. 179.
Najibabad, town in N.-W. Provinces, x.
179, 180.
Najib Khan, Rohilla leader, conquered
Dehra Diin {1757), which he ruled till
1770, iv. 171 ; his tomb at Najibabad,
X. 179; hisconductat battle of Panipat
(1 761), xi. 45-47 ; his fief in the Upper
Doab granted him by Ahmad Shah
(1754), xii. 116; its centre at Sikand-
arabad, xii. 478.
Najib-uUa Khan, brother of the Nawab
of the Karnatik, his policy and defence
of Nellore (1757), x. 263.
Nakhi Talao, lake on Mount Abii, i.
4,5-
Nako, village in Bashahr State, Punjab,
X. 180.
Nakodar, tahsil m Punjab, x. 180.
Nakodar, town in Punjab, x. 180, 181.
Nakpur, town in Oudh, x. 181.
Nakvir, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces, x.
181.
Nal, petty Bhil State in Bombay, x. ibi.
Nal, lake in Bombay, i. 83, x. 181.
Nalagarh, one of the Punjab Hill States.
See Hindur.
Nalagarh, hill range in the Punjab. See
Chintpurni.
Nalanda, famous Buddhist monastery of
the 7th century, vi. 157.
Nalapani, hill fort in N.-W. Provinces,
X. 181.
Nalatwar, town in Bombay, x. 181, 182.
Nalbana, island in the Chilka Lake,
Orissa, x. 182.
Nalbari, village in Kamrup, Assam, x.
182.
Nalbari, village in Darrang, Assam, x.
182.
Nalchha, ruined town in Central India,
X. 182.
Nalchitl, village in Bengal, x. 182.
Naldnig, fortified town in Deccan, x. 182-
184.
Nalganga, river in Berar, x. 184.
Nalgiin, pass in Bashahr State, Punjab,
X. 184.
Nalia, petty State in Bombay, x. 184.
Naliya, town in Bombay, x. 184.
Nalkeri, State forest in Coorg, x. 184.
Nalknad, village in Coorg, x. 184.
Nallamalais, range of hills in Madras, x.
184-186; geolog)% 185; fauna, 185;
INDEX.
233
inhabitants, 185, 186 ; forests, 186 ;
roads, 186 ; temples, 186 ; medical
aspects, 186.
Naltigiri, chain of hills in Bengal, x. 186,
Namakal, town and taluk in Madras, x.
187.
Namal, town in Punjab, x. 187.
Nanlbar, river in Assam, x. 188.
Nambiyur, town in Madras, x. 188.
Namdar Khan, Nawab of Ellichpur, his
history, iv. 346.
Nam Deva, .Marathi poet of the 13 th
century, vi. 346.
Nana Farnavis, became minister at Poona
after treaty of Mahad (1796), ix. '154.
Nanai, river of Assam. See Nonai.
Nanak, founder of the Sikh religion,
article 'India,' vi. 223; 410. Local
notices — Also founded sect of the Nanak-
panthis, iii. 316 ; died at Pakhohi, now
swept away, opposite present town of
Dera Nanak, iv. 228 ; his teaching, xi.
262 ; monument to, at Sakhi Sarwar,
xii. 146.
Nanakpanthis, sect in Central Provinces,
their doctrines, iii. 315, 316.
Nanakshahis, devotee order within the
sect of Nanakpanthis, iii. 316.
Nana Sahib, his proclamation as Peshwa
at the outbreak of the Mutiny, and the
massacre of the Cawnpur garrison,
article ' India,' vi. 420. Local notices
—At Bareilly (March-April 1858), ii.
140 : lived at Bithur, iii. 20 ; siege and
massacre of Cawnpur (June-July 1857),
iii. 282, 291 ; murdered the fugitives
from Fatehgarh at Cawnpur, iv. 411 ;
spent ten days at Shahjahanpur in his
flight from Lucknow, xii. 346.
Nanda Devi, mountain peak of the
Himalayas, x. 188.
Nandair, town in Deccan, x. 188.
Nandakuja, river in Bengal, x. 188.
Nandan Sar, lake in Kashmir, x. 188.
Nandarthan, decayed town in Central
Provinces, x. 189.
Nan-daw, pagoda in Burma, x. 189.
Nander, town in Deccan. See Nandair.
Nandgad, town in Bombay. See Nan-
digarh.
Nandgaon, Sub-division in Bombay, x.
189.
Nandgaon, town in Bombay, x. 189, 190.
Nandgaon, chiefship in Central Provinces,
x. 190.
Nandi, village in Mysore, x. 190, 191.
Nandial, town and tdhik in Madras, x.
191.
Nandialampett, town in Madras, x. 191.
Nandidrug, Division in Mysore, x. 191.
Nandidrug, fortified hill in Mysore, x.
191, 192.
Nandigama, taluk in Madras, x. 192.
Nandigarh, town in Bombay, x. 192,
, 193-
Nandikanama, pass in Madras, x. 193.
Nandikotkiir, town and tdbik in Madras,
X. 193.
Nandod, capital of Rajpipla State, Bom-
bay, X. 193.
Nandora, town in Oudh, x. 193.
Nandi'ira, town in Berar, x. 193, 194.
Nandurbar, Sub-division in Bombay, x.
194.
Nandurbar, town in Bombay, x. 194,
195-
Nanenwar, mountain in Kashmir, x. 195.
Nangam, petty State in Bombay, x. 195.
Nangambakam, suburb of Madras. See
Madras city.
Nanguneri, taluk in Tvladras, x. 195, 196.
Nanguneri, town in Madras, x. 196.
Nanjangad, town and taluk in Mysore,
x. 196.
Nanjarajpatna, taluk in Coorg, x. 197.
Nanniiam, tdhik in Madras, x. 197.
Nanpara, tahsil in Oudh, x. 197.
Nanpara, /aro-awa in Oudh, x. 197, 198.
Nanpara, town in Oudh, x. 198, 199.
Nansari, chiefship in Central Provinces,
''• ^99-.
Nanta, village in Rajputana, x. 199.
Naodwar, forest reserve in Assam, x.
199.
Naogaon, District in Assam. See Now-
Naogaon, village and Sub-division in
Bengal, x. 199.
Nao Nihil Singh, Sikh general, con-
quered trans-Indus part of Dera Ismail
Khan (1836), iv. 221 ; erected column
at Tarn Taran, xiii. 215.
Naorangpur, town in Madras, x. 199.
Naphtha, found in Dera Ismail Khan,
iv. 220.
Napier, Sir Charles, conquest of Sind by
(1843), article 'India,' vi. 409. Local
notices — Restored estate of Chandko to
the jdgirddr, iii. 359 ; pursued Mir
Rustam Khan Talpur to Imamgarh
(1843), where he surrendered, v. 509 ;
built Government house at Karachi,
vii. 454 ; his victory at Miani (1843),
ix. 422 ; his treaty with the Talpur
Mirs, and subsequent conquest of Sind,
xii. 515 ; first Governor of Sind, xii.
516; his policy with regard to the
tribes on the Upper Sind Frontier, xiii.
442, 443-
Napier of Magdala, Lord, made the Bari
Doab Canal, ii. 153 ; proposed the
Dalhousie sanitarium (185 1), iv. 97, 98 ;
organized the Lushai expedition (1871),
viii. 531.
Napier of Merchiston, Lord, Governor of
234
INDEX.
Madras (1866-72), ix. 67 ; his excava-
tions at Mahabalipur, ix. 148.
Napits, The, or barber caste, claim to be
Kalitas in Assam, i. 357.
Napoklu, village in Coorg, x. 199, 200.
Nar, town in Baroda, x. 200.
Nara, E., water-channel in Sind, x. 200,
201.
Nara, W., water-channel in Sind, x. 201.
Narad, name given to three streams in
Bengal, x. 201.
Naraina, town in Rajputana, x. 201.
Narainganj, Sub-division in Bengal, x.
201, 202.
Narainganj, town in Bengal, x. 201, 202 ;
its river trade, x. 201, 202.
Narajol, village in Bengal, x. 203.
Narakal, town and port in Cochin, x. 203.
Naral, Sub-division in Bengal, x. 203,
204.
Naral, town in Bengal, x. 204.
Naraoli, town in N.-W. Provinces, x.
204.
Na-ra-pa-di-si-thu, king of Pagan, his
visit to Taung-ngu, where he restored
pagodas (1171), xiii. 221 ; built the
first pagoda in Tavoy, xiii. 229.
Narasaraopet, taluk in Madras, x. 204.
Narasinganallur, village in Madras, x.
204.
Narasinha Achari, jagat-giirii of the
Sniarta Brahmans, his piety and charity,
xiii. 79-
Narasinha-angadi, town in Madras. Sec
Jamalabad.
Narayanadevarakera, town in Madras,
X. 204.
Narayanavanam, town in Madras, x. 204,
205.
Narayanganj, town and Sub-division in
Bengal. See Narainganj.
Narayan Rao, fifth Maratha Peshwa
(1772), his assassination, article ' India,'
vi. 321.
Narayan Rao of Karwi, mutineer leader,
burnt Garha Kalan (1857), v. 12;
ruled at Karwi for eight months, his
treasure the ' Karwi and Banda Prize
Money,' viii. 56, 57.
Narbada, Division or Commissionership
in Central Provinces, x. 205-207.
Narbada, one of the great rivers of
India, x. 207-210; its course, 207-210;
bridges, 210; sanctity, 210.
Naregal, town in Bombay, x. 211.
Nargiind, town in Bombay, x. 21 1.
Narhi, town in N.-W. Provinces, x. 211.
Nari, town in Central Provinces. See
Neri.
Nariad, Sub-division in Bombay, x. 211,
212.
Nariad, town in Bombay, x. 212.
Narikelbaria, village in Bengal, x. 212.
Narisha, town in Bengal, x. 212.
Narkher, town in Central Provinces, x.
212.
Narmada, one of the great rivers of India.
See Narbada.
Narnala, hill fortress in Berar, x, 213.
Nar Narayan, king of Kuch Behar, re-
covered Kamn'ip from the Muham-
madans, vii. 357 ; the greatest of the
Kuch Behar kings, viii. 320.
Narora, town in N.-W. Provinces, x.
213.
Narot, town in Punjab, x. 213.
Narowal, town in Punjab, x. 213, 214.
Narrakal, town in Cochin. Sec Narakal.
Narrative of Political and Military
Transactions of British India under
the Marquis of Hastings, by Henry T.
Prinsep, quoted, article 'India,' vi.
317 (footnote i).
Narri, salt-mine in Punjab, x. 214.
Narsapur, taluk in Madras, x. 214.
Narsapur, town in Madras, x. 214, 215.
Narsaunapet, town in Madras, x. 214.
Narsingha, dome-shaped rock in Central
Provinces, x. 215.
Narsinghgarh, Native State in Central
India, x. 215.
Narsinghgarh, capital of Narsinghgarh
State, X. 215, 216.
Narsinghgarh, ancient town in Central
Provinces, x. 216.
Narsinghpur, District in Central Pro-
vinces, X. 216-224 ; physical aspects,
216-218; history, 218-220; population,
220, 221 ; agriculture, 221, 222 ; com-
merce and trade, 222, 223; administra-
tion, 223 ; medical aspects, 223, 224.
Narsinghpur, tahsil in Central Provinces,
X. 224.
Narsinghpur, town in Central Provinces,
X. 224, 225.
Narsinghpur, Native State in Orissa, x.
225.
Narsinghpur, principal village in Nar-
singhpur State, X. 225.
Narsinh Rai, a Hindu chief, seized
Gwalior (1398), v. 236.
Narsipur, town and taluk in Hassan,
Mysore, x. 225.
Narsipur, village and taluk in Mysore
District, Mysore, x. 226.
Narukot, Native State in Bombay, x.
226, 227.
Narwar, town in Gwalior State, x. 227.
Nasarpur, town in Sind, x. 228.
Nash, Lieut., assisted Capt. Chalmers in
the defence of Coimbatore, iv. 16.
Nasik, District in Bombay, x. 228-235 ;
physical aspects, 228, 229; population,
229-231 ; agriculture, 231, 232; natural
calamities, 232, 233 ; railways, 233 ;
trade and manufactures, 233, 234 ;
INDEX.
235
administration, 234, 235 ; medical
aspects, 235.
Nasik, Sub-division in Bombay, x. 235.
Nasik, town in Bombay, x. 235-237.
Nasirabad, Sub-division in Bengal. See
Maimansingh.
Nasirabad, administrative head-quarters
of .Maimansingh District, Bengal, x.
237-
Nasirabad, town and Sub-division in
Bombay, x. 238.
Nasirabad, canumment in Ajmere-Mer-
238, 239.
town and tdliik in Sind, x.
wara, x.
Nasirabad,
239;
Nasirabad, town in Oudh, x. 239.
Nasir Jang, second son of Nizam All,
became Nizam, supported by the
English, V. 249 ; assassinated by the
Nawab of Cuddapah, viii. 42 ; seized
Yanaon (1750), xiii. 547.
NasIr Khan, his reign in Baluchistan
(1739-95), ii. 30 ; Pishin ceded to
him by Ahmad Shah, xi. 189 ; also
Quetta for services against the Persians,
xi. 337, Zl^-
Nasir-ud-din Mahmi'id, ruled Bahraich
till he became Emperor (1246), i. 427 ;
his interview with his son on the river
at Karra, vii. 48 ; took Kalinjar (1251),
vii. 332 ; took Narwar, x. 227.
Nasir-ud-din, general of Aurangzeb,
overthrew the temples of Deulghat, iv.
231.
Nasriganj, town in Bengal, x. 239.
Naswadi, petty State in Bombay,- x. 239,
240.
Natagarh, village in Bengal, x. 240.
Nate-puta, town in Bombay, x. 240.
Nathdwara, town in Udaipur State,
Rajputana, x. 240, 241.
Native Christians. See Population section
in each District article ; and Catholic,
Christianity, and Protestant Missions.
Native States of India, their relation to
the British paramount power, article
' India,' vi. 43 ; area and population
of the thirteen groups of States, vi. 45.
Native .States, above 50,000 inhabitants,
Ajaigarh, i. 112, 113 ; Akalkot, i.
'^yi'i 138 ; Ali-Rajpur, i. 181, 182 ;
Alwar, i. 202-206; Aundh, i. 384,
385 ; Bahawalpur, i. 421-424 ; Bamra,
ii. 41, 42; Banswara, ii. 101-103 ;
Baria, ii. 151, 152 ; Baroda, ii. 157-
170; Barwani, ii. 180, 181 ; Bastar, ii.
204 - 208 ; Bhartpur, ii. 371 - 375 ;
Bhaunagar, ii. 379-381 ; Bhopal, ii.
403-405 ; Bijawar, ii. 425 ; Bikaner,
ii. 437-440 ; Bod, iii. 22, 23 ; Biindi,
iii. 157-159; Cambay, iii. 271-273;
Chamba, iii. 328-330 ; Charkhari, iii.
371, 372 ; Chhatarpur, iii. 395, 396 ;
Chhota Udaipur, iii. 405, 406; Cochin,
iv. I - 10 ; Cutch, iv. 57-64; Datia,
iv. 156 ; Dewas, iv. 236, 237 ; Dhar,
iv. 245 - 248 ; Dharampur, iv. 248,
249 ; Dhenkanal, iv. 269 ; Dholpur,
iv. 272-277 ; Dhrangadra, iv. 278, 279;
Diingarpur, iv. 322 - 325 ; Edar, iv.
ZZ^ - 339 ; Faridkot, iv. 392, 393 ;
Gangpur, iv. 478, 479 ; Garhwal, v.
23, 24 ; Gondal, v. 157 ; Gwalior, v.
226-234; Haidarabad, v. 240-252;
Hill Tipperah, v. 394-401 ; Hindur, v.
420 ; Inchalkaranji, v. 509, 510 ;
Indore, vii. 1-8 ; Jaipur, vii. 50'59 !
Jaisalmer, vii. 65-70 ; Jamkhandi, vii.
127 ; Janjira, vii. 137-141 ; Jaora, vii.
142 ; Jashpur, vii. 144 - 146 ; Jetpur
Bilkha, vii. 192 ; Jhabua, vii. 193-195;
Jhalawar, vii. 197-202 ; Jind, vii. 232,
233; Jodhpur or Marwar, vii. 234-245;
Junagarh, vii. 261, 262 ; Kahlur, vii.
293, 294 ; Kalsia, vii_. 344 ; Kapur-
thala, vii. 441-443 ; Karauli, vii. 469-
474 ; Karond, viii. 46, 47 ; Kashmir
and Jamu, viii. 60-78; Kawardha, viii.
106, 107 ; Keunjhar, viii. 120, 121 ;
Khairagarh, viii. 130 ; Khairpur, viii.
132-137 ; Khandpara, viii. 160, 161 ;
Kishangarh, viii. 222, 223 ; Kolhapur,
viii. 280-285 ; Kotah, viii. 303-308 ;
Kuch Behar, viii. 318-327; Kurundwad,
viii. 376, 377 ; Lunawara, viii. 527,
528 ; Maihar, ix. 188, 189 ; Maler
Kotla, ix. 254, ?55 ; Mandi, ix. 297-
299; Manipur, ix. 322-334; Miraj,
ix. 439, 440 ; jNIorbhanj, ix. 516, 517 ;
Morvi, ix. 518, 519 ; Mudhol, ix.
526, 527; Mysore, x. 87-I13; Nabha,
X. 125, 126 ; Nagode, x. 160, 161 ;
Nandgaon, x. 190 ; Narsinghgarh, x.
215 ; Nawanagar, x. 2 1 5-2 17 ; Naya-
garh, X. 256, 257 ; Nilgiri (Orissa), x.
325, 326; Orchha, x. 425, 426; Palan-
pur, X. 539, 540 ; Panna, xi. 48-50 ;
Partabgarh, xi. 75-77 ; Patiala, xi.
87-90; Patna, xi. 114-I16 ; Phultan,
xi. 164, 165 ; Porbandar, xi. 214-
216; Pudukattai, xi. 237, 238 ; Rad-
hanpur, xi. 341 - 343 ; Raigarh, xi.
362, 363 ; Rajgarh, xi. 386, 387 ;
Rajpipla, xi. 391-393; Rajpur-
Ah, xi. 394, 395 ; Rampur, xi.
455-459; Ratlam, xii. i, 2; Rewa,
xii. 45-48; Sangli, xii. 218, 219;
Sarangarh, xii. 259, 260; Sargiija, xii.
266 - 268 ; Sawantwari, xii. 295 - 299 ;
Shahpura, xii. 369, 370 ; Sirmur, xii.
552 - 556 ; Sirohi, xiii. i - 7 ; Sonpur,
xiii. 63, 64 ; .Suket, xiii. 90 ; Sunth,
xiii. 114, 115; Tharad and Morwara,
xiii. 261 ; Tonk, xiii. 337, 338 ; Tra-
vancore, xiii. 340-353 ; Udaipur, xiii.
400-409.
!36
INDEX.
Nat-maw, village in Burma, x. 241.
Natron, found in Upper Burma, iii. 211 ;
Khairpur, viii. 133.
Nats, semi - Hinduized gipsy tribe of
Lower Bengal, article ' India,' vi. 71.
Local notices — Chittagong, iii. 438 ;
iv. 83; Gonda, v. 151 ; Oudh,
Dacca,
X. 499.
Natter, ancient capital and Sub-division
in Bengal, x. 241.
Natural calamities. See special section
in each District article ; and also
Famines and Floods.
Nat-worshippers, or demon-worshippers,
their numbers in Akyab, i. 155 >
Amherst, i. 237 ; Arakan Hill Tracts,
i. 299-301 ; Bassein, ii. 196; Lower
Burma, iii. 179 ; Mergui, ix. 408 ;
Prome, xi. 230 ; Sahvin Hill Tracts,
xii. 175 ; Sandoway, xii. 201 ; Shwe-
gyin, xii. 431 ; Taung-ngu, xiii. 223 ;
Tavoy, xiii. 230 ; Tharawadi, xiii.
272 ; Thayet-myo, xiii. 280.
Naubatpur, village in N.-W. Provinces,
X. 241.
Naugaon, cantonment in Bundelkhand.
Sec Nowgong.
Naul Tirth, gorge in Bombay. See Sogal.
Naupada, town in Madras, x. 241, 242.
Naushahra, tahsil in Punjab, x. 242.
Naushahra, town, cantonment, and civil
station in Peshawar, Punjab, x. 242, 243.
Naushahra, town in Hazara, Punjab. See
Nawashahr.
Naushahro, Sub-division in Sind, x. 243-
245 ; physical aspects, 243 ; history,
243; population, 243, 244; agriculture,
244; manufactures, 244; revenue, 244,
245 ; climate, 245.
Naushahro, town and tdhik in Sind, x.
245.
Naushahro Abro, tahtk in Sind, x. 245,
246.
Nauthan Duba, village in Bengal, x. 246.
Naval defences of Bombay, iii. 79.
Navasari, town in Baroda. See Nosari.
Navigable canals, article ' India,' vi. 553,
554. See also Canals.
Navpur, port in Bombay, x. 246.
Nawabandar, port in Bombay. See
Nawibandar.
Nawabganj, tahsil in Oudh, x. 246, 247.
Nawabganj, town in Bareilly, Oudh, x.
247-
Nawabganj, pargajid in Bara Banki,
Oudh, X. 247.
Nawabganj, administrative head-quarters
of Bara Banki District, Oudh, x. 247,
248.
Nawabganj, pargana in Gonda, Oudh,
X. 248.
Nawabganj, town in Gonda, Oudh, x.
248, 249.
Nawabganj, town in Unao, Oudh, x. 249.
Nawabganj (North Barrackpur Munici-
pality), town in Bengal, x. 249.
Nawabganj, village in Bengal, x. 249.
Nawada, Sub-division in Bengal, x. 249,
250.
Nawada, town in Gaya, Bengal, x. 250.
Nawada, village in Midnapur, Bengal,
X. 250,
Nawagaon, hill range in Central Pro-
vinces, X. 250.
Nawagaon, artificial lake in Central
Provinces, x. 250.
Nawagaon, State in Bundelkhand. Sec
Naigaon Ribahi.
Nawagarh, fort in Bashahr State, Punjab,
X. 250.
Nawalgarh, town in Rajputana, x. 250.
Nawalgimd, Sub-division in Bombay,
X. 250, 251.
Nawalgund, town in Bombay, x. 251.
Nawalpur, petty Bhil State in Bombay,
X. 251. _ ^
Nawanagar, Native State in Kathiawar,
X. 251-253. ,
Nawanagar, chief town of Nawanagar
State, X. 253, 254.
Nawanagar, old town in Bombay, x. 254.
Nawashahr, town and tahsil in Jalandhar,
Punjab, X. 254.
Nawashahr, town in Hazara, Punjab, x.
254, 255. , ^
Nawibandar, port in Kathiawar, x. 255.
Na-win, river in Burma, x. 255.
Naya Bagni, one of the chief channels by
which the Padma discharges into the
estuary of the Meghna, x. 255.
Naya-Dumka, Sub-division in Bengal, x.
255, 256.
Naya-Dumka, administrative head-quar-
ters of the Santal Parganas District,
Bengal, x. 256.
Nayagaon, State in Bundelkhand. See
Naigaon Ribahi.
Nayagaon, town in N.-W. Provinces, x.
256.
Nayagarh, petty State in Orissa, x. 256,
257.
Nayak and Palegar chieftams of S.
India, vi. 288.
Nayakan-hatti, village in Mysore, x. 257.
Nayanagar, town in Ajmere - Merwara.
See Beawar.
Nazira, village in Assam, x. 257.
Nearchus, Alexander's admiral, the port
at which he stopped, Sonmiani in
Baluchistan, xiii. 61.
Neddiavattam, village in Madras, x. 258.
Nedumangarh, taluk in Travancore, x.
258.
Neemuch, cantonment and town m
Central India. See Nimach.
Negapatam, taluk in Madras, x. 258.
INDEX.
237
Negapatam, town and port in Madras, x.
258, 259.
Negrais, island in Burma. See Haing-
gyi-
Negrais, cape in Burma, x. 259.
Neill, Col., at Allahabad (1857), i. 1S7,
188 ; at Cawnpur (July 1S57J, iii. 291 ;
sent off IMajor Renaud to Cawnpur
(Juoe 1857), iv. 425 ; killed at relief of
Lucknow (Sept. 1857), viii. 514; statue
of, at Madras, ix. 106.
Nekmard, annual fair in Bengal, x. 259.
Nelamangala, tdhik in Mysore, x. 259.
Nelamangala, town in Mysore, x. 260.
Nelambur, town in Malabar, Madras.
See Nilambur.
Nelambur, town in Coimbatore, Madras.
See Nilambur.
Nelliampati, range of hills in Madras, x.
260.
Nellore, District in Madras, x. 260-271 :
physical aspects, 260 - 262 ; geology,
261 ; history, 262 - 264 ; population,
264-266 ; agriculture, 266, 267 ; irriga-
tion, 267 ; cattle, 267 ; forests, 267,
268 ; natural calamities, 268 ; manu-
factures, trade, etc., 268-270; admini-
stration, 270; language, 270, 271;
medical aspects, 271.
Nellore, tahik in ^ladras, x. 271, 272.
Nellore, town in Madras, x. 272, 273.
Nelson, Mr. J., Hindu Law as Adminis-
tered by the High Court of Judicature
at Madras, quoted, article ' India,' vi.
117 (footnote i) ; 195 (footnote 2) ; his
Madura Cozintry, quoted, on Palk's
Bay, xi. 12 ; the Pandya kingdom, xi.
42.
Nelson, Captain, his efforts to reclama
jungle land in Karnul, viii. 39.
Neo Dhura, pass in N.-W. Provinces, x.
273-
Neotini, town in Oudh, x. 273, 274.
Nepal, independent Native State, x.
274-291 ; boundaries, 274, 275 ; aspect
of the country, 275, 276; agriculture,
276, 277 ; products of the soil, 277 ;
animals, 277, 278 ; minerals, 278 ;
population, 278, 279 ; land tenures,
279, 280 ; military force, 280 ; re-
venue, 280 ; commerce and trade,
280-282 ; exports and imports, 282,
283 ; coinage and currency, 283, 284 ;
manufactures, 284 ; history, 284-291 ;
trade with, article ' India,' vi. 587-589.
Nepal, War with, article 'India,' vi.
400. See Gurkha war ; Gurkha assist-
ance in the Mutiny, Gurkhas and
Jang Bahadur.
Nepalis, aboriginal hill race, in Cham-
paran, iii. 338; Darjiling, iv. 130,
133 ; Lakhimpur, viii. 431.
Ner, town in Bombay, x. 291.
Ner, town in Berar, x. 291.
Nerbudda, Division of Central Provinces.
See Narbada.
Nerbudda, one of the great rivers of
India. See Narbada.
Neri, town in Central Provinces, x. 291.
Neriad, town in Bombay. See Nariad.
Nerini, Mgr., second Vicar-Apostolic of
Ava and Pegu, built Barnabite church
at .Syriam, xiii. 158.
Nerla, town in Bombay, x. 291.
Ner Pinglai, town in Berar, x. 291.
Neriir, town in Madras, x. 291.
Nerwar, town in Gwalior State. See
Narwar.
Nestorianism among early Indian Chris-
tians, article 'India,' vi. 236; its wide
diffusion, 236, 237 ; its suppression
and downfall, 241-243; Nestorian
remnants, 242, 243.
Net for mosquito curtains, made at
Cachar, iii. 235, 237.
Netai, river in Assam. See Nitai.
Netravati, river in Madras, x. 292.
Neufville, Capt. de, released 5000 cap-
tives after an expedition against the
Singphos, xii. 542.
Nevti, port in Bombay, x. 292.
Newalganj-cum-Maharajganj, two adja-
cent towns in Oudh, x. 292.
Newars, artisans and weavers in Nepal,
X. 284.
Newasa, Sub-division in Bombay, x. 292,
293-
Newasa, town in Bombay, x. 293.
Newbold, his account of the temple of
Kumaraswami in Sandiir, xii. 208, 209.
Newspapers, English and vernacular.
See each District article, and especi-
ally Agra, i. 66 ; Ahmadabad, i. 98 ;
Ahmadnagar, i. 107 ; Akola, i. 145 ;
Akyab, i. 158 ; Aligarh, i. 176 ; Allah-
abad, i. 192, 193 ; Amherst, i. 242 ;
Amraoti, i. 251 ; Amritsar, i. 262 ;
Assam, i. 372 ; Bassein, ii. 199 ;
Bengal, ii. 321 ; Bombay Presidency,
iii. 71, city, iii. 83 ; Cawnpur, iii.
293 ; Cochin, iv. 8 ; Dacca, iv. 87 ;
Darjiling, iv. 139; Dharwar, iv. 264;
EUichpur, iv. 347 ; Fatehpur, iv. 431 ;
Ghazipur, v. 69 ; Goa, v. 96 ; Hugli,
v. 496 ; Kaira, vii. 307 ; Kaladgi, vii.
320 ; Karachi, vii. 459 ; Khandesh, viii.
158; Kolhapur, viii. 285; Madras, ix.
116; Madura, Lx. 131 ; Malabar, ix.
234 ; Meerut, ix. 390 ; Midnapur, ix.
431; Nagarkoil, x. 158; Nasik, x.
235; Nellore, x. 271 ; Oudh, x. 509;
Patna, xi. 102 ; Poona, xi. 209 ; Rat-
nagiri, xii. 12 ; Salem, xii. 160 ;
Satara, xii. 284; Serampur ('The
Friend of India '), xii. 328 ; Sherpur
(Maimansingh), xii. 382 ; Sholapur,
238
INDEX.
xii. 419 ; Sialkot, xii. 44S ; Thana,
xiii. 258 ; Trivandrum, xiii. 370 ;
Twenty - four Parganas, xiii. 397 ;
Uttakamand, xiii. 453.
Xeyatankarai, tdhik in Travancore, x.
293;
Ngapi, or fish - paste, fergely made in
Bassein, ii. 198 ; Lower Burma, iii.
198; Hanthawadi, v. 316; Rangoon,
xi. 479,
Nga-pi-seip, village in Burma, x. 293.
Nga-pi'i-taw, township in Burma, x. 293,
Nga-pu-taw, village in Burma, x. 294.
Nga-thaing-chaung, town in Burma, x.
294.
Nga-won, river in Burma. See Bassein.
Niamti, village in Mysore. See Nyamti.
Niaz Muhammad, mutineer leader, de-
feated at Shamsabad by Sir Hope
Grant (1857), iii. 1 19.
Nibari, village in Assam, x. 294.
Nibrang, pass in Punjab, x. 294.
Nichlaval, village in N.-W. Provinces,
X. 294.
Nicholls, Colonel, took Almora in the
Gurkha war (1815), i. 201, viii. 351.
Nicholson, Admiral, sent to fortify Chit-
tagong for the East India Company
(1685), but only went as far as Hugh,
iii. 436.
Nicholson, Gen., his death at the storm
of Delhi, article 'India,' vi. 421.
Local notices — Monument to, in the
Murgalla pass, x. 18 ; defeated the
mutineers at Najafgarh Jhil, x. 179;
dispersed the mutineers in Peshawar,
xi. 150; commanded the force sent
down to Delhi from the Punjab, xi. 268.
Nickel, found in Jaipur, vii. 52; Raj-
putana, xi. 401.
Nicobars, cluster of islands in the Bay of
Bengal, x. 294-298 ; physical aspects,
295 ; population, 296, 297 ; agricul-
ture, 297 ; history, 297, 298 ; climate,
298.
Nicobarians, physical appearance, lan-
guage, manners, and customs of, x.
296.
Nidadai'il, town in iNIadras, x. 298.
Nidhauli, village in N.-W. Provinces, x.
298.
Nidugal, fortified hill in Mysore, x. 298.
Nighasan, tahsil in Oudh, x. 298, 299.
Nighasan, pargand in Oudh, x. 299.
Nigohan, pargand in Oudh, x. 299, 300.
Nigohan, town in Oudh, x. 300.
Nigriting, village in Assam, x. 300.
Nihalgarh Chak Jangla, town in Oudh,
x. 300.
Nihals, aboriginal tribe in Berar, ix. 404.
Nihtor, town in N.-W. Provinces, x.
300, 301.
Nijagal, hill in Mysore, x. 301.
Nikaia, town founded by Alexander the
Great, and identified with the modern
town of Mong in Gujrat, vi. 165.
Nikitin, Athanasius, Russian traveller
{1470), mentions Chaul as Chivil, iii.
^376.
Nila Koh, range of mountains in Punjab,
^.x. 301.
Nilambur, town in Coimbatore, Madras,
x. 301.
Nilambur, town in Malabar, Madras, x.
301.
Nilangs, tribe on the Himalaya Moun-
tains, V. 412.
Nilapalli, town in Madras, x. 301.
A7/ Darpan, a famous modem Bengali
play, article ' India,' vi. 127 ; 354.
Nileswaram, town in Madras, x. 301,
302.
Nilgdi, or blue cow, article ' India,' vi.
657. Local notices — In Azamgarh, i.
393 ; Ballia, ii. 19 ; Banda, ii. 47 ;
Bara Banki, ii. 106 ; Basti, ii. 209 :
Bombay Presidency, iii. 46 ; Budaun,
iii. 117; Buldana, iii. 143; Cambay,
iii. 271; Cawnpur, iii. 280; Etawah,
iv. 370 ; Fatehpur, iv. 423 ; Godavari,
v. 123; Gurgaon, v. 216; Gwalior,
V. 229 ; Hardoi, v. 322 ; Indore, vii.
2 ; Jalandhar, vii. 85 ; Karauli, vii.
471 ; Karnal, viii. 20; Khandesh, viii.
150; Kheri, viii. 190; Kotah, viii.
304 ; Lahore, viii. 405 ; Lohdrdaga,
viii. 477 ; Madras Presidency, ix. 91 ;
Mainpuri, ix. 203 ; Mirzapur, ix. 453 :
Montgomery, ix. 495 ; Moradabad, ix.
505 ; Muttra, x. 45 ; Nawanagar, x.
252 ; Nimar, x. 328 ; Oudh, x. 483 ;
Partabgarh, xi. 69 ; Punjab, xi. 259 ; '
Rai Bareli, xi. 353 ; Rampur, xi. 455 ;
Rewa Kantha, xii. 49 ; Saharanpur,
xii. 115; Shahabad, xii. 324; Shah-
jahanpur, xii. 344 ; Sitapur, xiii. 30 ;
Sultanpur, xiii. 97 ; Travancore, xiii.
345 ; Wardha, xiii. 524 ; Wun, xiii.
539-
Nilgiri Hills, District and range of moun-
tains in Madras, x. 302-325 ; jurisdic-
tion, 302, 303 ; history, 303 ; physical
aspects, 303-308 ; the sholds and their
flora, 305-308 ; population, 308-313 ;
hill tribes, 309-313; the Todas, 309,
310; the Badagas, 310, 311; the
Kotas, 311 : the Ivurumbas, 311, 312;
the Irulas, 312; agriculture, 313-319:
coffee, 313; tea, 313-316; cinchona,
316-318; ordinary crops, 318, 319;
tenures and waste land rules, 3 19-321 ;
natural calamities, 321 ; means of
communication, 321 ; manufactures
and trade, 321 ; institutions, 321,
322 ; monumental remains, 322,. 323 ;
INDEX.
239
forests, 323, 324 ; administration, 324,
325 ; medical aspects, 325 ; article
' India,' vi. 36.
Nilgiri, Native State in Orissa, x. 325,
326.
Nilkant Shah, last Gond king of Chanda,
conquered by Raghuji Bhonsla (1749),
and died in confinement, iii. 349.
Nil N^g, lake in Kashmir, x. 326.
Nilphamari, village and Sub-division in
Bengal, x. 326.
Nilvala, petty State in Kathiawar, x. 326.
Nimach, town. and cantonment in Central
India, x. 326, 327.
Nimal, town in Punjab. See Namal.
Nimar, District in Central Provinces, x.
327-335 ; physical aspects, 327-329 ;
history, 329-331; population, 331-
333 ; agriculture, 333, 334 ; commerce
and trade, 334 ; administration, 334,
335 ; medical aspects, 335.
Nimchas, tribe in the Hindu Kush, v.
417.
Nimgiri, range of mountains in Madras,
X. 335-
Nimkhar, town in Oudh, x. 335, 336.
Nimkhera, petty State in Central India,
X. 336.
Nimrana, town in Rajputana, x. 336.
Nimunia, village in Bengal, x. 336.
Nindo Shahr, village in Sind, x. 336.
Nipani, town in Bombay, x. 336.
Niphad, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, X. 337.
Nir, village in Oudh, x. 337.
Nirgunda, village in Mysore, x. 337.
Nirmal, fortified town in Deccan, x. 33S.
Nirvana, Buddhist docrine of, vi. 142.
Nitai, river in Assam, x. 338.
•Niti, pass in Punjab, x. 338.
Nitre, found in Afghanistan, i. 37 ;
Upper Burma, iii. 211.
Nityanand, disciple of Chaitanya, re-
sided at Khardah, now a place of
Vaishnav pilgrimage, viii. 167.
Nizam All, fourth Nizam (1761), granted
the N. Circars, except Gantiir, to the
East India Company (1766), iii. 469,
V. 250 ; his treaties with Haidar Ali
(1767, 1779), iii. 469; granted Cudda-
pah in jdgir to Raymond, iv. 49 ;
his subsidiary treaty with the English
(1766), V. 250; his wars with Tipu
and the Marathas, and subsidiary'
treaty of 1800, x. 251 ; defeated by
the Marathas at Kharda (1795), viii.
166; sacked Poena (1763), xi. 212;
his desertion of the English (1767),
and rejoining them (1768), xii. 154.
Nizampatam, port in Madras, x. 338.
Nizam's Dominions, State in the Deccan.
See Haidarabad.
Nizam Shahi, Muhammadan dynasty in
S. India (1490- 1636), article 'India."
vi. 288.
Nizam-ul-Mulk, The first. 6"^^ Asaf Jah.
Noakhali, District in Bengal, x. 338-
352; physical aspects, 338-341 ;
history, 341 -343 ; population, 343-
347 ; materiar condition of the people,
346 ; agriculture, 347 ; land tenures,
348, 349 ; natural calamities, 349,
350 ; commerce and trade, 350 ; ad-
ministration, 350-352 ; medical aspects,
352- ,
Noakhali, Sub-division in Bengal, x. 352.
Noakhali, town in Bengal. See Sud-
haram.
Noarband, outpost in Assam, x. 352,
353-
Nobilis, Robert de, founder of the
Madras Jesuits (1606-56), article
'India,' vi. 245. Local notices — In
Madras Presidency, ix. 25 ; Madura,
ix. 122 ; his life and teaching, ix. 125,
126; visited Salem (1623), xii. 154.
Noble, his missionary labours at Masuli-
patam (1841-65) College there, called
after him, ix. 354.
Nobra, tract of country in Kashmir, x.
353-
Noer, Count von. Life of Akbar, quoted,
on Panipat, xi. 44.
Noh, town and tahsil in the Punjab.
See Nuh.
Nohar, fort in Bahawalpur State. See
Islamgarh.
Nolan, Mr., quoted, on Sirajganj and its
river trade, xii. 547-550.
Nomadic cultivation, article ' India,' vi.
9 ; 47, 48 ; 522 ; the merits and de-
structiveness of, vi. 528. Local notices
^Under^ the various names of jiivi,
dahya, tazmgya, etc., in Akyab, i. 156 ;
Arakan Hill Tracts, i. 301 ; Assam, i.
362: Baragai, ii. 117 ; Betul, ii. 331 ;
Bonai, iii. 87 ; Burhapara, iii. 165,
166 ; Lower Burma, iii. 192 ; Central
Provinces, iii. 308, 309 ; Chittagong
Hill Tracts, iii. 450, 451; Daphla
Hills, iv. 119; Darjiling, iv. 134;
Dungarpur, iv. 322; Eastern Dwars,
iv- 329, 333 ; Garo Hills, v. 30 ; Goa,
v. 89 ; Haung-tharaw, v. 358 ; Hill
Tipperah, v. 395, 400 ; Jaintia Hills,
vii. 49; Jalpaiguri, vii. 112; by the
Juangs, vii. 250; North Kanara, vii.
372 ; South Kanara, vii. 379 ; Kan-
ker, vii. 434 ; by the Karens, viii. 5 ;
Karond, viii. 46 ; Khasi Hills, viii.
177; Kyauk-pyu, viii. 387; Lalmai
Hills, viii. 458 ; Lushai Hills, viii.
530; Maikal Hills, ix. 190; IMandla.
ix. 305 ; Manipur, ix. 330, 331 •
Mikir Hills, ix. 436 ; Naga Hills, x.
150, 151; Nowgong, X. 409; Orissa
240
INDEX.
Tributary States, x. 475, 476 ; Prome,
xi. 232 ; Rampa Hills, xii. 454 ;
Salwin Hill Tracts, xii. 175 ; Satara,
xii. 280 ; Shevaroy Hills, xii. 3S3 ;
Shwe-gyin, xii. 432 ; Sirohi, xiii. 5 ;
Sylhet, xiii. 150; Thayet-myo, xiii.
284 ; Travancore, xiiif 345.
Nonai, the name of two rivers in Assam,
X. 353-
Non-Aryan or aboriginal races, article
'India,' vi. 51, 52. See also Abori-
ginal tribes, vi. chap, iii., and Appendix
^'•693.
Non-Aryan rites, merging into Hinduism,
article ' India,' vi. 207.
Non-Asiatic population of British India,
article ' India, vi. Appendix VII.
695, and Population section of each
District article.
Nong-khlao, petty State in Khasi Hills,
Assam, X, 353.
Nong-krem, village in Khasi Hills, x.
353, 354-
Nong-soh-phoh, petty State in Khasi
Hills, Assam, x. 354.
Nong-spung, petty State in Khasi Hills,
Assam, x. 354.
Nong-stoin, petty State in Khasi Hills,
Assam, x. 354.
Nong-tar-men, petty State in Khasi
Hills, Assam, x. 354.
Normal schools, article 'India,' vi. 479.
See the Administration section of each
District article, and especially Am-
ritsar, i. 262 : Benares, ii. 267 ; Dacca,
iv. 87 ; Tezpur, iv. 149 ; Goalpara, v.
119; Lahore, viii. 412; Bhanpur in
Midnapur, ix. 432; Nagpur, x. 174;
Patna, xi. 105; Poona, xi. 213; Sial-
kot, xii. 449; Sylhet, xiii. 156.
Norman, Mr., quoted, on the date of
the Tanjore temple, xiii. 195.
Northbrook, Earl of, Viceroy of India
(1872-76), deposition of the Gaek-
war of Baroda, visit of the Prince of
Wales to India, article ' India,' vi.
425, 426.
North Lakhimpur, village and Sub-
division in Assam. See Lakhimpur.
North-West Passage, attempts to reach
India by way of the, article ' India,'
vi. 363-
North - Western Provinces and Oudh,
Lieut. -Governorship and Chief Com-
missionership of British India, x. 354-
404 ; physical aspects, 355-361 ; table
of area and population, 356; rivers,
360, 361 ; lakes and y/i/Vj", 361 ; canals,
361 ; history, 361 - 370 ; population,
370-375 ; density, 371 ; religion and
caste, 371-373; occupations, 373,374;
urban and rural population, 374 ; chief
cities, 374, 375 ; agriculture, 375-3S0 ;
general remarks, 376 ; wheat, 376,
377 ; other food staples, 377 ; non-
food crops, 377 ; tea, 377-379 ; to-
bacco, 379 ; opium, 379, 380 ; forests,
jungle products, etc., 380-382; trees,
gums, dyes, 380, 381 ; fibres, 381 ;
lac, 381 ; fruits and vegetables, 381,
382 ; irrigation, 382, 383 ; land tenures,
383-387 ; rent, 387, 388 ; classes of
cultivators, 389, 390 ; condition of the
peasantry, 390 ; natural calamities,
390-392 ; commerce, trade, etc., 392-
396 ; exports and imports, 392, 393 ;
centres of trade, 393 ; analysis of trade,
393» 394; trading castes, 394, 395;
artistic handicrafts, 395, 396 ; factories
and manufactures by steam, 396 ;
communications, 396, 397 ; admini-
stration, 397, 398 ; revenue and ex-
penditure, 398, 399 ; excise, 399 ;
police, 399, 400 ; jails and criminal
statistics, 400 ; municipalities, 400 :
university education, 400, 401 ; general
State education, 401-403; language,
403 ; medical aspects, 403, 404.
Nosari, division in Baroda, x. 404, 405.
Nosari, town in Baroda, x. 405.
Nott, General Sir W\, his march from
Kandahar to Kabul (1842), article
' India,' vi. 408, 409. Local notices —
Held Khelat (1840), ii. 31 ; recaptured
Ghazni (1842), v. 72; his defence of
Kandahar, vii. 393, 394 ; his rear-guard
attacked in retiring through the Khai-
bar Pass (1842), viii. 127.
Nova Castelho, Juan de, visited Cochin
(1501), iv. II.
Nowgong, District in Assam, x. 405-415 ;
physical aspects, 406, 407 ; history,
407, 408 ; population, 408-410 ; ma- *
terial condition of the people, 410,
411; agriculture, 411, 412; natural
calamities, 412 ; manufactures, 412 ;
commerce and trade, 412, 413 ; tea
cultivation, 413 ; administration, 413,
414 ; education, 414 ; medical aspects,
414, 415.
Nowgong, town in Assam, x. 415.
Nowgong, town and cantonment in Bun-
delkhand, x. 415, 416.
Nowshera, town, cantonment, and tcihsil
in Peshawar, Punjab. 6'^?^ Naushahra.
Nowshera, town in Hazara District,
Punjab. Sec Nawashahr.
Nowshero, tdhik in Sind. See Nau-
shahro Abro.
Nowshero, Sub-division, taluk, and town
in Sind. See Naushahro.
Noyagni, pass in Kashmir, See Nabog
Nai.
Noyil, river in Madras, x. 416.
Nuddea, District, Sub-division, and town
in Bengal. See Nadiya.
INDEX.
241
Xuh, tahsil'va. Punjab, x. 416, 417.
Nuh, town in Punjab, x. 417.
Xujikal, river in S. India, x. 417.
Nziniisniata Orientalia (Ceylon fasc),
article ' India,' vi. 167 (footnote 2).
Nun, river in Orissa, x. 417.
Nuna, embankment in Orissa, x. 417.
Nundy, village in Mysore. See Nandi.
Xundydroog, Division and hill fort in
Mysore. See Nandidn'ig.
Xuniyas, saltpetre makers in Cham-
paran, iii. 338, 343 ; Saran, xii. 251.
Nurabad, town in Gwalior State, x. 417,
418.
Nur Jahan, the Queen of the Emperor
Jahangir, article ' India,' vi. 301.
Local notices — Her mausoleum at Shah-
dara, Lahore, viii. 416, xii. 341 ; built
the Dargah of Shah Pir at Meerut,
ix. 393-
Nur Mahal, town in Punjab, x. 418.
Nur Muhammad, second Kalhora ruler of
Sind (1719-54), his wars with Nadir
Shah and Ahmad Shah, xii. 512.
Nurokal-betta, peak in Coorg, x. 418.
Nurpur, iahsil in Punjab, x. 418.
Nurpur, town in Punjab, x. 418, 419.
Niir-ud-din Bamizai, general of Ahmad
Shah Durani, laid waste Shahpur(i757),
xii. 361, 362.
Nusseerabad, cantonment in Ajmere. See
Nasirabad.
Nusseerabad, tdliik and town in Sind.
See Nasirabad.
Nusseerabad, town inOudh. .$"^5 Nasirabad.
Nusseerabad, town in Bombay. See
Nasirabad.
Nusseerabad, town in Bengal. See
Nasirabad.
'Nutmegs, grown in the Palni Moun-
tains, xi. 19 ; in Taung-ngu, xiii. 225 ;
in Tavoy, xiii. 231.
Niizvid, town and estate in Madras, x.
420.
Nyamti, village in Mysore, x. 420.
Nyaung-dun, town in Burma, x. 420.
Nyaya, one of the six dai-sattas or Brah-
manical schools of philosophy, vi. 99.
Nyehatti, town in Bengal. See Naihati.
O
Oakeley, Sir Charles, Governor of Madras
(1792-94), ix. 67.
Oak trees, found in Bhutan, ii. 414 ;
Cachar, iii. 234 ; Dehra Dun, iv. 169 ;
Dhaola Dhar, iv. 245 ; Himalaya
Mountains, v. 409 ; on the Hpyu river,
V. 466 ; Mount Jako, vii. 74 ; Kangra,
vii. 411 ; Kedar Kanta, viii. 109 ;
Khasi Hills, viii. 173 ; Kulu, viii.
336, 337. 338 ; IManipur, ix. 325 ;
VOL. XIV.
Murree Hills, x. 18; Nepal, x. 276,
277 ; Rawal Pindi, xii. 21 ; Mount
Sakeswar, xii. 145 ; Simla, xii. 497 ;
Sirmur, xii. 555.
Oats, cultivated in Agra, i. 64 ; Bareilly,
ii. 142; Basl^ ii. 21 1; Benares, ii.
25S ; Budaun, iii. 120; Cawnpur, iii.
285 ; Faridpur, iv. 403 ; Fatehpur, iv.
427 ; Ghazipur, v. 67 ; Gorakhpur, v.
169; Jaunpur, vii. 155 ; Maimansingh,
ix. 195 ; Meerut, ix. 387 ; Nilgiri
Hills, X. 313.
Obalagandi, pass in Madras. See Abla-
gundi.
Obelisks. See Monuments.
Observatories, at Benares, ii. 265 ; Jaipur,
vii. 60, 61 ; Kolaba, viii. 270 ; Leh,
viii. 469 ; Lucknow, viii. 509 ; Madras,
ix. 117; Manora, ix. 339; Rurki, xii.
86 ; Sagar Island, xii. 1 10 ; Trichinopoli,
xiii. 365 ; Trivandrum, xiii. 369 ;
Ujjain, xiii. 418.
Occupation basis of caste, article ' India,'
vi. 196, 197.
Ochres, red or yellow, found in Alwar,
i. 203 ; Balaghat, i. 454 ; Bhandara,
ii. 361 ; Chanda, iii. 349 ; Dera Ismail
Khan, iv. 220 ; Gurgaon, v. 216 ;
Jehlam, vii. 167 ; Mysore, x. 92 ;
Raipur, xi. 368 ; Wun, xiii. 539.
Ochterlony, General Sir David, his cam-
paigns in Nepal ( 1 8 14- 1 5 ), article ' India,'
vi. 400, 401. Local Jtotices — De-
fended the Residency of Delhi against
Holkar (1804), iv. 193; his advance
against the Gurkhas, iv. 204 ; occupied
Ludhiana as political agent for the
cis-Sutlej States (1809), viii. 526;
his capture of Malaun, ix. 237 ;
marched against Ranjit Singh to pro-
tect Maler Kotla (1S08), ix. 255 ; laid
out cantonment at Nasirabad, x. 239,
his campaigns in Nepal, x. 2S8, 289 ;
took Ramgarh (1S14), xi. 448 ; expelled
the Giirkhas from Sirmur, xiii. 554.
Ochterlony, Colonel James, quoted, on
the Todas, x. 309, 310 ; valley called
after, x. 421.
Ochterlony, valley in Madras, x. 421.
Oculists, family of native, at Kurauli,
viii. 371.
Od, town in Bombay, x. 421,
Oel, town in Oudh, x. 421.
Oil, pressed in South Arcot, i. 326 ;
Bakarganj, i. 447 ; Bhaunagar, ii. 380 ;
Berar, v. 271 ; Kadi'ir, vii. 287 ; Kal-
meshwar, vii. 339 ; North Kanara, vii.
373 ; South Kanara, vii. 376, ix. 54 ;
Kolaba, viii. 269 ; Kolar, viii. 277 ;
Kyauk-pyu, viii. 387 ; Magura, ix.
141 ; Morasa, ix. 516; Nandurbar, x.
195 ; Naushahro, x. 244 ; Nawanagar,
x. 253 ; Phaltan, xi. 164 ; Rawal
Q
242
INDEX.
Pindi, xii. 32, 38 ; Shahdadpur, xii.
341; Shimoga, xii. 404; Sholapur,
xii. 418 ; Sihor, xii. 476 ; Sindi, xii.
526 ; Sonmiani, xiii. 61 ; Talegaon
Dabhara, xiii. 166 ; Tumkur, xiii. 379 ;
Walajapet, xiii. 515.
Oil, Mineral. Sec Petroleum.
Oil-seeds, Cultivation of, article ' India,'
vi. 489. Local noiices — Ajmere-Mer-
wara, i. 125; Akola, i. 144; Aligarh,
i. 175; Allahabad, i. 189; Alwar,
i. 205 ; Amraoti, i. 248 ; North Arcot,
i. 316; South Arcot, i. 323; Assam,
i. 362 ; Badakshan, i. 407 ; Bahraich,
i. 431 ; Bakarganj, i. 445 ; Balaghat,
i. 455 ; Balasinor, i. 460 ; Banda, ii.
51 ; Bangalore, ii. 63 ; Bankura, ii. 83;
Bardwan, ii. 130 ; Baroda, ii. 164 ;
Basim, ii. 186 ; Bastar, ii. 206 ; Bel-
gaum, ii. 235 ; Bellary, ii. 245 ; Bengal,
ii- 271, 303; Betul, ii. 331; Bhagal-
pur, ii. 348 ; Bhandara, ii. 364 ; Bilas-
pur, ii. 450 ; Birbhum, iii. 5 ; Bogra,
iii. 29 ; Bombay, iii. 53, 54 ; Bonai,
iii. 86 ; Broach, iii. 107 ; Buldana, iii.
146; Bundelkhand, iii. 152; Bundi,
iii. 159 ; Lower Burma, iii. 189 ;
Upper Burma, iii. 210; Cachar, iii.
236 ; Cawnpur, iii. 285 ; Central Pro-
vinces, iii. 318; Champaran, iii. 341 ;
Chanda, iii. 352 ; Chengalpat, iii.
386 ; Chhindwara, iii. 401 ; Chital-
dnig, iii. 426 ; Chittagong, iii. 439 ;
Coimbatore, iv. 18 ; Coorg, iv. 36 ;
Cuddapah, iv. 52; Cuttack, iv. 71;
Dacca, iv. 85 ; Damoh, iv. ill ; Dan-
gurli, iv. 117; Darbhangah, iv. 125;
Darjiling, iv. 134 ; Dera Ghazi Khan,
iv. 214 ; Dera Ismail Khan, iv. 224 ;
Dhar, iv. 246 ; Dinajpur, iv. 294 ;
Dungarpur, iv. 323 ; Eastern Dwars,
iv. 333 ; Edar, iv. 337 ; Ellichpur, iv.
345 ; Faizabad, iv. 384 ; Fan'dpur, iv.
403 ; Firozpur, iv. 447 ; Gangpur, iv.
478 ; Ganjam, v. 6 ; Gaya, v. 49 ;
Goalpara, v. 116; Godavari, v. 127;
Gujrat, V. 193; Gurdaspur, v. 211 ;
Gurgaon, v. 220 ; Gwalior, v. 228 ;
Haidarabad, v. 245 ; Berar, v. 270 ;
Haidarabad (Sind), v. 280; Hassan,
v. 349 ; Hissar, v. 430 ; Hoshangabad,
v. 446 ; Iloshiarpur, v. 455 ; Howrah,
V. 463 ; Hiigli, V. 494 ; Indore, vii. 2 ;
Jabalpur, vii. 33 ; Jaipur, vii. 52 ;
Jalalabad, vii. 75 ; Jalpaiguri, vii.
112, 113; Jashpur, vii. 146; Jessor,
vii. 187 ; Jhansi, vii. 223 ; Junagarh,
vii. 262 ; Kaladgi, vii. 318 ; Kamriip,
\'i- 354>..362; Karnul, viii. 37;
Karond, viii. 46 ; Kawardha, viii. 106 ;
Khandesh, viii. 156; Kistna, viii. 230 ;
Kolabira, viii. 271 ; Kolar, viii. 276;
Korea, viii. 297 ; Kulu, viii. 342, 343 ;
Kumaun, viii. 354 ; Lahore, viii. 410 ;
Lakhimpur, viii. 433 ; Larkhana, viii.
463 ; Lohardaga, viii. 483 ; Madras,
ix. 30; Madura, ix. 128, 129; Maiman-
singh, ix. 195 ; Malabar, ix. 229, 230 ;
Maldah, ix. 244; Mallani, ix. 261;
Manbhum, ix. 283 ; Mandla, ix. 304 ;
Manipur, ix. 331 ; Meerut, ix. 387 ;
Mehar, ix. 397 ; Mergui, ix. 409 ;
Midnapur, ix. 429 ; Mirzapur, ix. 458 ;
Mohanpur, ix. 474 ; Montgomery, ix.
498 ; Multan, x. 7 ; Murshidabad, x.
26 ; Mysore State, x. 100, District,
X. 119; Nadiya, x. 135, 136; Nagpur,
X. 170; Narsinghpur, X. 221; Nasik,
X. 232 ; Nepal, x. 277 ; Nimar, x.
333 ; Noakhali, x. 347 ; N.-W. Pro-
vinces, X. 377 ; Nowgong, x. 411 ;
Orissa, x. 459 ; Oudh, x. 501 ; Pabna,
X. 515 ; Pal Labara, xi. 13 ; Palni
Mountains, xi. 19 ; Panch Mahals, xi.
32; Patna District, xi. loi. State,
xi. 115; Peshawar, xi. 153; Phuljhar,
xi. 168 ; Poona, xi. 207 ; Punjab, xi.
278 ; Puri, xi. 306 ; Raigarh, xi. 362 ;
Raipur, xi. 373 ; Rairakhol, xi. 378 ;
Rajpipla, xi. 392 ; Rajputana, xi. 418 ;
Rajshahi, xi. 433 ; Rangpur, xi. 496 ;
Ratnagiri, xii. 8 ; Rawal Pindi, xii.
29 ; Sagar, xii. 105 ; Sakti, xii. 148 ;
Salem, xii. 161 ; Sambalpur, xii. 183 ;
Santal Parganas, xii. 232 ; Saran, xii.
257 ; Sarangarh, xii. 260 ; Sarguja, xii.
268 ; Satara, xii. 281 ; Savani'ir, xii.
293 ; Sawantwari, xii. 296 ; Shahabad,
xii. 329 ; Shahpur, xii. 365 ; Shikarpur,
xii- 393 ; Sholapur, xii. 415 ; Sialkot,
xii. 446 ; Sibi, xii. 455 ; Sibsagar, xii.
466 ; Sikkim, xii. 486 ; Sind, xii. 520 ;
Singhbhiim, xii. 538 ; Sirohi, xiii. 5 '■>
Sirsa, xiii. 16 ; Sitapur, xiii. 34, 35 ;
Sonpur, xiii. 63 ; Supa, xiii. 116 ;
Surat, xiii. 126 ; Sylhet, xiii. 152 ;
Tanjore, xiii. 188; Tarai, xiii. 209;
Thar and Parkar, xiii. 269 ; Thayet-
myo, xiii. 2S3 ; Tigaria, xiii. 294 ;
Tinnevelli, xiii. 306 ; Tipperah, xiii.
317; Tumkur, xiii. 378; Twenty-four
Parganas, xiii. 394, 395 ; Udaipur
State, xiii. 402 ; Udaipur (Bengal),
xiii. 412 ; Upper Sind Frontier, xiii.
446 ; Wardha, xiii. 526 ; Wun, xiii.
543-
Oil-seeds, Export of, article ' India,' vi.
573) 574- Trade in, centres of, Dacca,
iv. 91 ; Dhulia, iv. 282 ; Godna, v.
136; Patna, xi. Ill, 112; Sahibganj,
xii. 135 ; Saifganj, xii. 141 ; Sherpur
(Maimansingh), xii. 382 ; Sirajganj,
xii. 548; Sirsa, xiii. 21 ; Somastipur,
xiii. 50 ; Wardha, xiii. 527.
Okhaldanga, village in N.-W. Provinces,
x. 421.
INDEX.
243
Ok-kan, river in Burma, x. 421, 422.
Ok-kan, village in Burma, x. 422.
Old Agartala, village in Hill Tipperah
State. See Agartala, Old.
Oldenberg, Professor Hermann, Buddha,
his Life, his Doctrines, his Order,
quoted, article ' India,' vi. 161 (foot-
note 3).
Oldham, Dr., geologist, accompanied
JNIajor Phayre's expedition to Burma
(1855), iii. 226 ; quoted, on the Rani-
ganj coal-fields, xi. 504, 505.
Old Maldah, town in Bengal. See
Maldah.
Old Udaipur, village and ruins in Hill
Tipperah State, x. 422.
Oliphant, Colonel, designed the bridge
over the Musi at Haidarabad, v. 253.
Oliver, Mr., Commissioner of Sirsa,
founded Ellenabad, iv. 344 ; and
Fazilka (1S46), iv. 436.
Olpad, town and Sub-division in Bombay,
X. 423.
Omatwara, tract of country in Central
India, x. 423.
Ongole, taluk in Madras, x. 423, 424.
Ongole, town in Madras, x. 424.
Onions, grown in Akola, i. 143 ; North
Arcot, i. 316 ; Bombay, iii. 81 ; Upper
Burma, iii. 210; Dungarpur, iv. 323;
Goa, v. 93 ; Haidarabad State, v. 245 ;
Thabua, vii. 195 ; Madras, ix. 30 ;
Nilgiri Hills, x. 313 ; N.-W. Pro-
vinces, x. 382 ; Sibsagar, xii. 466 ;
Tanjore, xiii. 187 ; Thayet-myo, xiii.
283 ; Tinnevelli, xiii. 306 ; Wellington,
xiii. 536.
Onslow, A. P., Collector of Ganjam,
founded and endowed the school at
Chatrapur, iii. 375.
Onyxes, cut in Cambay, iii. 274 ; found
in Kapadvvanj, vii. 439.
Oodeynullah, battle-field in Bengal. See
Udhanala.
Oodeypore, Native State and town in
Rajputana. See Udaipur.
Oojein, town in Central India. See
Ujjain.
Ook-kan, village and river in Burma.
See Ok-kan.
Oomercote, town and tahik in Sind. See
Umarkot.
Oomrawuttee, District and town in
Berar. See Amraoti.
Oomta, town in Baroda. See Umta.
Oorcha, Native State and town in Bun-
delkhand. See Orchha.
Ooreettaung, East and West, townships
and pagoda in Burma. See Urit-taung.
Oossoor, town in Madras. See Hosur
and Usiir.
Ootacamund, hill station in Madras. See
Utakamand.
Oot-hpo, township and town in Burma.
See Ot-po.
Oot-poo, revenue circle in Burma. See
Ut-pu.
Opals, found in Madura, ix. 122.
Ophir, Solomon's, placed by Benfey,
Renaud, and Reland at Sopara, xiii.
65.
Ophthalmia, prevalent in Ahmadnagar,
i. 107 ; Ajmere - Merwara, i. 131 ;
Bellary, ii. 249 ; Bijnaur, ii. 435 ;
Chengalpat, iii. 388 ; Dacca, iv. 89 ;
Damoh, iv. 113; Haidarabad (State),
v. 243 ; Hissar, v. 433 ; Jalalabad,
vii. 75 ; Jehlam, vii. 176 ; Khairpur,
viii. 137; Kheri, viii. 198; Kotah,
viii. 307 ; Larkhana, viii. 465 ; Lud-
hiana, viii. 525 ; Partabgarh, xi. 74 ;
Prome, xi. 235.
Opium, Excise duty on, article 'India,'
vi. 455 ; cultivation of, in Bengal
and Malwa, 498, 499 ; export of,
499 ; Bengal opium system, 499,
Local notices — Cultivated in Agra, i.
64 ; Ajmere-Merwara, i. 125 ; Allah-
abad, i. 189 : Alwar, i. 205 ; Ambala,
i. 220; Amjhera, i. 244; Badakshan,
i. 407 ; Bahraich, i. 431 ; Ballia, ii.
21 ; Banda, ii. 51 ; Bangalore, ii. 63 ;
Bara Banki, ii. Iio; Baroda, ii. 164;
Bengal, ii. 271, 304, 305 ; Bijna.ur, ii.
432; Budaun, iii. 120; Buldana, iii.
146; Bundi, iii. 159; Cambay, iii.
271 ; Cawnpur, iii. 285 ; Central
India, iii. 295 ; Champaran, iii. 341
Daphla Hills, iv. 119; Deoria, iv
206 ; Dera Ghazl Khan, iv. 214
Devanhalli, iv. 231 ; Dhami, iv. 239
Dhar, iv. 246 ; Dungarpur, iv. 323
Etah, iv. 362 ; Etawah, iv. 374
Faizabad, iv. 384 ; Gaya, v. 49, 50
Ghazipur, v. 69 ; Goona, v. 159
Gwalior, v. 228 ; Hardoi, v. 326
Hazaribagh, v. 375; Herat, v. 391
Hindur, v. 420 ; Indore, \'ii. 2, 4
Jaipur, vii. 52 ; Jais, vii. 65 ; Jalal
abad, vii. 75 ; Jalandhar, vii. 88
Jaora, vii. 142 ; Jaunpur, vii. 156
Jhalawar, vii. 200 ; Jodhpur, vii. 23S
ivahlur, vii. 294; Karanja (C.P.)
vii. 468 ; Keonthal, viii. 115 ; Khil
chipur, viii. 200 ; Kolar, viii. 276
Kotah, viii. 306 ; Kulu, viii. 342
Lucknow, viii. 498 ; Madras, ix. 30
Maksudangarh, ix. 215 ; Western
]\Ialwa, ix. 269 ; Mandi, ix. 298
Mangal, ix. 312; Mirzapur, ix. 45S
Monghyr, ix. 485 ; Muhammadgarh
ix. 531 ; Muzaffarpur, x. 81 ; Neotini
X. 274; Nepal, X. 277; N.-W. Pro
vinces, x. 379, 380 ; Oudh, x. 501
Partabgarh District, xi. 71, State, xi
76; Patna District, xi. 101-103; Rai
244
INDEX.
Bareli, xi. 355; Rdjgaih, xi. 3S6 ;
Rajputana, xi. 418; Rohna, xii. 63;
Sailana, xii. 142 ; Sangri, xii. 220 ;
Santal Parganas, xii. 232 ; Saran, xii.
251, 255; Shahabad, xii. 329; Shah-
pur, xii. 365 ; Simla, xii. 493 ; Sirmur,
xii. 555; Sitamau, xiii. 26; Sitapur,
xiii. 35 ; Sultanpur, xiii. lOO ; Udai-
pur, xiii. 402 ; Unao, xiii. 432.
Opium factories, in Behar, ii. 224 ;
Ghazipur, v. 69, 71; Indore, vii. 4;
Patna, xi. 103.
Opium smoking and eating, prevalent in
Hazara, v. 366 ; Kamrup, vii. 365 ;
among the Kotas, viii. 301 ; in Lak-
himpur, viii. 431.
Opium-trade, Centres of, Beawar, ii. 222;
Jaggayapet, vii. 42 ; Khamgaon, viii.
143 ; Ratlam, xii. 2 ; Ujjain, xiii.
417.
Oppert, Dr., on the language of the
Todas, X, 310.
Orai, town and /a/^j-// in the N.-W. Pro-
vinces. See Urai.
Orakzais, tribe in Afghanistan, i. 42.
Oranges, grown in Allahabad, i. 190 ;
Assam, i. 362 ; Upper Burma, iii.
210; Cherra, iii. 392; Coorg, iv. 38;
Ellichpur, iv. 345 ; Golconda, v. 145 ;
Nagpur, V. 245 ; Kalhatti, vii. 325 ;
North Kanara, vii. 372 ; Kangra, vii.
412; Karachi, vii. 452; Karond, viii.
46 ; Khasi Hills, viii. 171, 177 ;
Khyrim, viii. 315 ; Kumaun, viii. 354;
Lahore, viii. 410 ; Lakhimpur, viii.
433 ; ]Mao-don,_ ix. 343 ; jMergui, ix.
410 ; INIishmi Hills, ix. 463 ; Muzaffar-
garh, x. 57 ; Nepal, x. 276 ; Nilgiri
Hills, x. 313 ; N.-W. Provinces, x.
381 ; Oudh, X. 482 ; Palni Mountains,
xi. 19 ; Shalamar Gardens, xii. 374 ;
Sheila, xii. 378 ; Shevaroy Hills, xii.
383 ; Siddhapur, xii. 473 ; Sikkim,
xii. 486; Sind, xii. 520; Sitapur, xiii.
35 ; Tavoy, xiii. 232 ; Jacobabad, xiii.
446 ; Wellington, xiii. 536.
Orchha, Native State in Bundelkhand,
X. 425, 426.
Orchha, old capital of Orchha State,
X. 426.
Orchids, found in the Andaman Islands,
i. 2S2 ; Khasi Hills, viii. 173; Madras
Presidency, ix. 87 ; the Melghat, ix.
4°3-
Ordeal, Trial by, among the hill tribes in
the Arakan Hill Tracts, i. 301.
Origin of Christianity in India, its con-
nection with St. Thomas the Apostle,
article ' India,' vi. 229.
Orissa, Division and Commissionership
in Bengal, x. 426-468; physical aspects,
426-428 ; the Orissa delta and rivers,
427, 428; history, 428-432; table of
area and population, 432 ; population,
433 ■ 437 ; municipal statistics, 433 ;
religious classification, 434; Hinduism,
434-436 ; Muhammadans, 436 ; abori-
ginal tribes, 436 ; Christians, 436, 437 ;
the shrine and worship of Jagannath,
437"458 ; the sanctity of Orissa, 437,
438 ; history of Jagannath, 43S-440 ;
Vishnuism, 440, 441 ; history of the
temple at Puri, 441, 442 ; Kabir, 442,
443 ; Chaitanya, 443, 444 ; Vallabha-
Swami, 444, 445 ; the wealth of Jagan-
nath, 445, 446 ; the temple at Puri,
447, 448 ; festivals, 448 ; the Car
Festival, 448, 449 ; pilgrimages to
Puri, 450-458 ; pilgrim hospitals, 458 ;
agriculture, 458, 459 ; land revenue,
459 ; trade, 460 ; communications,
460, 461 ; education, 461, 462 ; muni-
cipalities, 462; natural calamities, 462,
463 ; sea inundations, 463 ; the famine
of 1866, 463-467; medical aspects,
467, 468 ; article ' India,' annexed to
the Mughal Empire by Akbar's Hindu
general. Raja Todar Mall (1574), vi.
294; ceded to the British (1803) by
the Nagpur Bhonsla on the termination
of the second Maratha war, 398 ; the
famine of 1866, 424; 542; settlement
of the land revenue, 445 ; canal system,
534-
Orissa Tributary States, a cluster of
seventeen dependent territories, x. 468-
478 ; table of the names, area, popula-
tion, tribute, and estimated revenue of
each State, 469 ; boundaries, 469 ;
general aspect of the country, 469-471 ;
rivers, 470, 471 ; minerals, 471 ;
population, 472 - 475 ; the Kandhs,
472 ; 474 ; occupations, 474, 475 ;
religion and caste, 475 ; agriculture,
475; 47^ ; trade and communications,
476 ; forests, 476 ; administration,
476 - 478 ; education, 477 ; climate,
etc., 478.
Orissa Canal System. See INIahanadi
river.
Orissa, by Sir W. W. Hunter, quoted,
article ' India,' vi. 91 (footnote); 173
(footnote i); 193 (footnote i) ; 194
(footnote 5); 215 (footnote i); 224
(footnote 4) ; 225 (footnotes 2, 4, and
6) ; 343 (footnote 2).
Orme's Military Transactions in In-
dostan, quoted, article 'India,' vi. 379
(footnote) ; 380 (footnote 2). Local
notices — Robert Orme born at An-
jengo, i. 292 ; his works quoted, on
Karwaitnagar, viii. 52 ; Kondavir, viii.
287 ; his MS. volumes in the India
Office, ix. 9 ; quoted, on the siege of
Madras (1758), ix. 123; on the Kallars,
ix. 127 ; Masulipatam, ix. 353 ; the
INDEX.
245
operations round Trichinopoli, xiii.
357 ; Vellore, xiii. 467.
Ostend East India Company established
(1722), its factories at Covelonsj on
the Madras coast, and at Bankipur on
the Hugli, article ' India,' vi. 372-374;
political objects of the Ostend Com-
pany, 373, 374 ; destruction of the
Bankipur settlement by the Muham-
madans (1733), 374; bankruptcy and
downfall of the Ostend Company
(1784-93), 374.
Oswals, Jain traders. See Marwaris.
Otapidaram, town and idliik in Madras,
X. 478.
Ot-po, township in Burma, x. 478, 479.
Ot-po, town in Burma, x. 479.
Otters, found in the Nakhi Talao on
Mount Abu, i. 5 ; Dera Ismail Khan,
iv. 220 ; Gwalior, v. 229 ; in the
Indus, vii. 14 ; Kangra, vii. 413 ;
Karauli, vii. 472 ; Kashmir, viii. 68 ;
Madras Presidency, ix. 89 ; Manipur,
ix. 326 ; Moradabad, ix. 505 ; Muzaf-
fargarh, x. 58 ; Peshawar, xi. 147 ;
the Sundarbans, xiii. 109 ; Surat, xiii.
120; Thar and Parkar, xiii. 264.
Ouchterlony, valley in Madras. See
Ochterlony.
Oudh, Province and Chief Commissioner-
ship of British India, x. 479-510;
physical aspects, 479-483 ; table of
area and population, 480; rivers, 481 ;
soil, 482 ; general aspect of the country,
482 ; flora, 482, 483 ; fauna, 483 ;
history, 483-496; population, 496-501 ;
density, 496, 497 ; Muhammadans,
497, 498 ; Hindus, 498, 499 ; Euro-
peans, 499 ; occupations, 499 ; urban
and rural population, 499, 500 ; towns
and villages, 500, 501 ; agriculture,
501, 502 ; land survey and settlement,
502-506 ; tenures, 504, 505 ; commerce
and manufactures, 506, 507 ; railways,
507, 508; administration, 508-510;
education, 509 ; municipalities, 509 ;
medical aspects, 510; article 'India,'
sale of Allahabad and Kora to the
Wazir of, by Warren Hastings (1773),
vi. 389 ; the Rohilla war, 390; plunder
of the Begams, 390, 391 ; annexation
of, 415 ; Lord Dalhousie's justifica-
tion of the measure, 416 ; mutiny in,
421 ; inquiry into the status of the
peasantry, 424.
Oudh, town on the Gogra river in Oudh.
See Ajodhya.
Ounces or snow leopards, found on the
Himalayas, v. 409 ; the Hindu Kush,
v. 419 ; Kashmir, viii. 68.
Ouseley, Colonel, discovered carved linga
at Juba, vii. 253 ; put down rising in
Sambalpur (1839), xii. iSo.
Outram, Sir James, his work among the
Bhils of Khandesh, article ' India,' vi.
72, 73 ; annexation of Oudh, 416 ;
relief of Lucknow, 420. Local notices
— One of the first officers of the Bhil
corps, ii. 388 ; statue of, by Foley, at
Calcutta, iii. 250 ; joined Havelock at
Cawnpur (Oct. 1857), and marched
on Lucknow, iii. 283, 291 ; his in-
fluence over the Bhils, and formation
of the Bhil corps, iv. 115 ; v/hich he
organized at Dharangaon (1825-30),
iv. 250 ; his defence of the Residency
near Haidarabad (Sind) against the
Baluchis (1843), v. 288, xii. 515 ;
commanded the Residency at Lucknow
till the second relief (Sept. -Nov. 1857),
viii. 514 ; defended the Alambagh
until the third capture of Lucknow
(Nov. 1857-March 1858), viii. 515 ;
instituted panchdyats (1838) for set-
tling blood-feuds among the Bhils of
Mahi Kantha, ix. 177; pacified the
Bhils of Nimar, x. 331 ; assigned the
date of the foundation of Tatta to 1445,
xiii. 219.
Over-crowded and under-peopled dis-
tricts, vi. 46, 47.
Owen, Sidney J., Selectio7is from the
Despatches of the Llarqitis Wellesley,
quoted, article ' India,' vi. 317 (foot-
note l) ; Selections from the Indian
Despatches of the Duke of Wellington,
quoted, 317 (footnote l).
Oxenden, Christopher, died 1659, his
mausoleum at Surat, xiii. 135.
Oxenden, Sir George, died 1669, the
inscription on the mausoleum of the
brothers Oxenden at Surat, xiii. 135.
Oxide of lead, manufactured at Jagadhri,
vii. 40.
Oyster Reef, sunken reef and lighthouse
off Lower Burma, x. 510.
Oysters, found in the Andaman Islands,
i. 282; South Arcot, i. 321 ; Covelong,
iv. 44 ; Ganjam, v. 2 ; Janjira, vii.
139; Karachi, vii. 449; Kolak, viii.
272 ; Madras Presidency, ix. 98 ; Por-
bandar, xi. 215.
Pa, petty State in Kathiawar, x. 510.
Pab Hills, forming a portion of the
boundary between India and Balu-
chistan, article ' India,' vi. 7.
Pabar, river in Bashahr State, Punjab,
X. 510, 511.
Pabna, District in Bengal, x. 511-520;
physical aspects, 511, 512; history,
512, 513 ; agrarian riot of 1873, 513 ;
population, 513-515 ; agriculture, 515-
246
INDEX.
517; natural calamities, 517; manu-
factures, 517; commerce and trade,
517, 518; river traffic, 517, 518;
means of communication, 518 ; admini-
stration, 518, 519 ; education, 519 ;
medical aspects, 519, 520.
Pabna, town and Sub-division in Bengal,
X. 520-
Pachamalai, mountain range in Madras,
X. 520, 521.
Pachamba, formerly Sub-division in Ben-
gal. See Giridhi.
Pachamba, town in Bengal, x. 521.
Pacheco, Duarte, defended Cochin
against the Zamorin of Calicut (1504),
iv. 12.
Pachhegam, petty State in Kathiawar, x.
Pachhimrath, pargand in Oudh, x. 521,
522.
Pachhoha, pargand in Oudh, x. 522.
Pachipeta, ghat or pass in Madras. See
Panchipenta.
Pachmarhi, estate, plateau, and sani-
tarium in Central Provinces, x. 522.
Pachora, Sub-division in Bombay, x. 522,
523.
Pachora, village in Bombay, x. 523.
Pa-daung, township in Burma, x. 523,
524-
Pa-daung, town in Burma, x. 524.
Padda, name of the main stream of the
Ganges in E. Bengal. See Ganges.
Pa-de, stream in Burma, x. 524.
Padinalknad, tdhikm Coorg, x. 524, 525.
Padma, name of the main stream of the
Ganges in E. Bengal. See Ganges.
Padmanabham, battle-held in Madras,
Padmavati, town in Orissa, x. 525.
Padra, Sub-division in Baroda, x. 525.
Padra, town in Baroda, x. 525, 526.
Padrauna, tahsil in Oudh, x. 526.
Padrauna, town in Oudh, x. 526, 527.
Pagara, estate in the Central Provinces,
X. 527.
Pa-gat, township and village in Burma.
See Hpa-gat.
Paget, Gen. Hon. Sir E., suppressed
mutiny at Barrackpur (1824), ii. 175.
Pagla, river in Bengal, x. 527.
Pagodas, Burmese, Amarapura, i. 210;
Amherst, i. 236, 237 ; An-daw, i.
287 ; Ava, i. 389 ; Shwe Mu-htaw,
Bassein, ii. 201 ; Bun-maw, iii. 160,
161 ; Dam-ma-tha, iv. 105 ; in Hanth-
awadi, v. 314 ; Kama, vii. 348 ;
Kyaik-kauk, viii. 382, 383 ; Kyaik-
than-lan, viii. 383 ; Kyaik-ti-yo, viii.
3S3 ; Mahamuni, ix. 156; Mandalay,
ix. 289 ; Martaban, ix. 349 ; Maul-
main, ix. 371; in Mergui, ix. 408;
Myaung-mya, x. 85 ; Nan-daw, x.
189 ; Negrais, x. 259 ; Ok-kan, x.
422; Pegu, xi. 126; in Prome, xi.
231; Pyaw-bhway, xi. 337; Rangoon,
xi. 483, 484 ; San-daw, xii. 196 ; in
Sandoway, xii. 201 ; Shin-da-we, xii.
406 ; Shin-maw, xii. 407 ; Shin-mut-ti,
xii. 407 ; Shwe-an-daw, xii. 426 ;
Shwe-Dagon, xii. 426 - 428 ; Shwe-
daung, xii. 428 ; Ke-la-tha in Shwe-
gyin, xii. 429 ; Shwe-maw-daw, xii.
436, 437 ; Shwe-myin-din, xii. 437 ;
Shwe-nat-taung, xii. 437 ; Shwe-san-
daw in Rangoon, xii. 437, 438 ; in
Prome, xii. 438, 439 ; Shwe-thek-lut,
xii. 439 ; in Tavoy, xiii. 229, 230 ;
U-rit-taung, xiii. 451.
Pagodas, ruined Burmese, Dani'it-Paya-
gyi, iv. 118; Detanaw, iv. 230; Tiia-
tun, xiii. 275 ; Ya-theth-myo, xiii.
549-
Pagodas, Hindu. See Temples, Hindu.
Paharapur, paigaitd in Oudh, x. 527-
Paharias, aboriginal tribe in Manbhum,
iv. 99 ; included with the Santals in
the Santal Parganas, xii. 230, 231.
Pahari Banka, estate in Bundelkhand, x.
527, 528.
Paharis or 'mountaineers,' race in the
Himalayas, v. 412.
Paharpur, town in Punjab, x. 528.
Pahar Singh, chief of Faridkot, helped
the British in the first Sikh war, and
was given part of Nabha, iv. 393.
Pahar Sirgira, old Gond chiefship in the
Central Provinces, x. 528.
Pahasu, town in N.-W. Provinces, x.
528.
Pahlanpur, collection of States, State,
and town. .S'tv Palanpur.
Pahra, petty State in Bundelkhand, x.
528, 529.
Pai-bin, creek in Burma, x. 529.
Pai-gu, Division, township, town, and
river in Burma. See Pegu.
Paikasht rdyats, or temporary cultivators,
vi. 48.
Paila, pargand in Oudh, x. 529.
Pailani, village and tahsil in N.-W.
Provinces, x. 529.
Paina, town in N.-W. Provinces, x. 529,
530.
Painam, village in Bengal. See Sonar-
gaon.
Painda, offshoot of the Surma river in
Assam, x. 530.
Painganga, river in Berar. i'tvPenganga.
Paing-kyun, creek in Burma, x. 530.
Paintepur, town in Oudh, x. 530.
Painting, Indian art of, article ' India,'
vi. 113.
Paithan, town in Deccan, x. 530, 531.
Pakaur, Sub-division in Bengal, x. 531
Pak-chan, river in Burma, x. 531.
INDEX.
247
Pakhal, lake or tank in Deccan, x. 531,
,532.
Pakpattan, iahsil in Punjab, x. 532.
Pakpattan, town in Punjab, x. 532, 533.
Pal, petty State in Bombay. See Pul.
Pal, petty State in Kathiawar, x. 533.
Palakollu, town in Madras, x. 533, 534.
Palakonda, town in Madras, x. 534.
Palakonda, ancient estate and tdiuk in
Madras, x. 534.
Palali, petty State in Kathiawar, x. 534.
Palaaiainer, town in Madras. See
Palmaner.
Palamau, Sub-division in Bengal, x.
534, 535;
Palamkotta, town in Madras, x. 535.
Palampur, town in Punjab, x. 535.
Palani, town and hills in Madras. See
Palni.
Palanpur Agency, The, collection of
Native States in Bombay, x. 535-539 ;
physical aspects, 535, 536 ; names of
States, 536 ; history, 537 ; population,
537 j agriculture, 537 ; commerce and
trade, 538 ; revenue and tributes,
538 ; natural calamities, 539.
Palanpur, Native State in Bombay, x.'
,539. 540. _
Palanpur, chief town of Palanpur State,
X. 540, 541.
Pilar, river of S. India, x. 541.
Palasbari, market village in Assam, x.
541-
Palasbihar, petty State in Bombay. See
Dang States.
Palasgaon, estate in Central Provinces,
X. 542.
Palasgarh, estate in Central Provinces,
X. 542.
Palasni, petty State in Rewa Kantha, x.
542.
Palaveram, town in Madras. Sec Palla-
varam.
Paldeo, petty State in Bundelkhand, x.
542.
Palegarand Nayak chieftains in S. India,
vi. 288.
Palghat, taluk in Madras, x. 542, 543.
Palghat, town in Madras, x. 543.
Palghat Pass, remarkable break or gap
in the Western Ghats, article ' India,'
vi. 37-
Palguralapalli, village in Madras, x. 543.
Palhalli, village in Mysore, x. 543, 544.
Pali, town in Rajputana, xi. i.
Pali, town and pargand in Oudh, xi. I,
2.
Palia, town ^xA pargand in Oudh, xi. 2,
3-
Paliganj, town in Bengal, xi. 3.
Palis. See Kochs.
Palitana, Native State in Kathiawar, xi.
3.4.
Palitana, town with Jain temples in
Kathiawar, xi. 4-10; article 'India,'
vi. 159.
Palivela, town in Madras, xi. 10.
Paliyad, State in Kathiawar, xi. 10.
Paliyaverkadu. See Pulicat.
Palk, Robert, Governor of Madras (1763-
67), ix. 67 ; bay and straits called
after, xi. Ii.
Palkhera, estate in Central Provinces, xi.
10.
Palkole. See Palakollu.
Palkonda, mountains in Madras, xi. 10,
II.
Palkonda. See Palakonda.
Palk's Bay and Straits, channel between
S. India and Ceylon, xi. 11, 12.
Palladam, village and idliik in Madras,
xi. 12, 13.
Pal Lahara, State in Orissa, xi. 13.
Pallapatti. See Arava Kurichi.
Pallava dynasty. The, in Salem, xii. 153.
Pallavaram, town in Madras, xi. 13, 14.
Palma, Jain ruins in Bengal, xi. 14.
Palmaner, town and taluk in Madras, xi.
14, 15.
Palm-leaf writings, article ' India, vi.
102.
Palms, Varieties of, article ' India,' vi.
491. See also Areca-nut palms, Cocoa-
nut palms, Date palms, and Palmyra
palms.
Palmyra palms, grown in South Arcot,
i. 323 ; Bombay, iii. 45 ; Broach, iii.
102 ; Upper Buima, iii. 210 ; Chengal-
pat, iii. 380; Godavari, V. 122; South
Kanara, vii. 376 ; Kanigiri, vii. 432 ;
the Konkan, viii. 291 ; Madras, ix.
29, 30 ; Madura, ix. 1 21 ; Malabar,
ix. 229 ; Nanguneri, x. 195 ; Nellore,
X. 268; Palanpur Agency, x. 537;
Palmyras Point, xi. 15; Ramnad, xi.
451 ; Salsette Island, xii. 169 ;
Secunderabad, xii. 302 ; Tinnevelli,
xiii. 298-306 ; Travancore, xiii. 342-
344 ; Tuticorin, xiii. 385.
Palmyras Point, headland in Orissa, xi.
Palnad, tdliik in Madras, xi. 16.
Palni, town and tdhik in Madras, xi.
16.
Palni, mountain range in Madras, xi, 16-
19-
Paloha, village in Central Provinces, xi.
20.
Palta, village in Bengal, xi. 20.
Palupare, ruins in Coorg, xi. 20.
Palwal, tahsil in Punjab, xi. 20.
Palwal, town in Punjab, xi. 21.
Pambai, river in Madras, xi. 21.
Pambam Passage, channel between S.
India and Ceylon, xi. 21-23.
Pambam, town in Madras, xi. 23.
248
INDEX.
Pamidi, town in Madras, xi. 23, 24.
Pampur, town in Kashmir, xi. 24.
Pan. See Betel-leaf.
Panabaras, chiefship and forest in Cen-
tral Provinces, xi. 24.
Panagur, town in Central Provinces, xi.
24.
Panahat, town and idhsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, xi. 24, 25.
Panapur, town in Bengal, xi. 25.
Panar, river in Bengal, xi. 25, 26.
Panchamnagar, village in Central Pro-
vinces, xi. 26.
Panchannagram, suburbs of Calcutta, xi.
26.
Panchavra, petty State in Kathiawar, xi.
26.
Panchdydts. See Trade Guilds.
Panchet, estate in Bengal, xi. 26, 27.
Panchet, hill in Bengal, xi. 27.
Panchipenta, ghat or pass in Madras, xi.
28.
Panchkot. See Panchet.
Panch Mahals, District in Bombay, xi.
28-34 ; physical aspects, 28-30 ; his-
tory, 30; population, 30, 31 ; agricul-
ture, 31, 32; trade, 32, 33; admini-
stration, 33, 34 ; medical aspects, 34.
Panchpara, river of Orissa, xi. 34.
Panchpukuria, village in Bengal, xi. 34.
Pandai, river of Bengal, xi. 34, 35.
Pandaria, village and chiefship in Central
Provinces, xi. 35.
Pandarkaura, town in Berar, xi. 35.
Panda Tarai, village in Central Pro-
vinces, xi. 35.
Pandaul, village in Bengal, xi. 35..
Pandavas, the five brethren of the Ma-
hdbhdi-ata, their quarrel and struggle
with the Kauravas, vi. 129-121.
Pan-daw, town in Lower Burma, xi. 35,
36.
Pan-daw. See Ye-gyi.
Pandhana, village in Central Provinces,
xi. 36.
Pandharpur, Sub - division in Bombay,
xi. 36.
Pandharpur, sacred town in Bombay, xi.
,36-38-
Pandhurna, town in Central Provinces,
xi. 38.
Pandion, that is the king of Pandya, and
not Porus, sent embassy to Augustus,
xi. 42.
Pandri Kalan, town in Oudh, xi. 38.
Pandrinton, temple in Kashmir, xi. 38.
Pandu, petty State in Bombay, xi. 39.
Pandu Mehwas, group of petty States in
Bombay, xi. 39.
Panduah, town in Bengal, xi. 39.
Panduah, ruined town in Bengal, xi.
39-42.
Pandya, historic tract in S. India, xi.
42 ; ancient Hindu dynasty in S.
India, article ' India,' vi. 286.
Pangolin, or scaly ant - eater, found in
Singhbhum, xii. 532.
Panhan, town and pargand in Oudh, xi.
43-
Pan-hlaing, creek in Lower Burma, xi. 43.
Pania. See Paina.
Paniala, village in Punjab, xi. 43.
Panimar, village in Assam, xi. 43.
Panini, Sanskrit grammarian (350 B.C.),
vi. 100; 336.
Panipat, tahsil in Punjab, xi. 44.
Panipat, town and battle-field in Punjab,
xi. 44-48; article 'India,' defeat of
Ibrahim Lodi by Babar (1526), vi.
290 ; defeat of Afghans by Akbar,
and restoration of Humayun (1556))
291 ; defeat of the Marathas by the
Afghans under Ahmad Shah Durani
(1761), 315; 321.
Panjab. See Punjab.
Panjim. See Goa.
Panjnad, river of Punjab, xi. 48.
Pankhias, Muhammadan class in Shah-
jahanpur, xii. 347, 348.
Pan-ma-myit-ta, creek in Lower Burma,
xi. 48.
Pan-ma-wa-di, creek in Lower Burma,
xi. 48.
Panna, Native State in Bundelkhand, xi.
48-50.
Panna, capital of State in Bundelkhand,
xi. 50, 51.
Panna, Diamond mines of, article 'India,'
vi. 629.
Panniar, town and battle-field in Central
India, xi. 51-
Panroti, town in Madras, xi. 51.
Pans, semi-Hinduized aboriginal tribe in
Kenujhar, viii. 120; Khandpara, viii.
160; in Orissa Tributary States,, x.
472.
Panttenus, the Alexandrian stoic, his
evidence as to Christianity in .India at
the end of the 2nd century, vi. 235.
Pantalaori, petty State in Bombay, xi. 51.
Pantan, forest reserve in Assam, xi. 51.
Pan - ta - naw, town and township in
Lower Burma, xi. 51, 52.
Panth - Piplanda, chiefship in Central
India, xi. 52.
Panwari. See Kulpahar.
Panwel, town, port, and Sub-division in
Bombay, xi. 52, 53.
Paoni. See Pauni.
Papaghni, river of S. India, xi. 53.
Papanasham, village and waterfall in
Madras, xi. 53-
Paper-making, article 'India,' vi. 617.
Local notices — Paper made at Ahmad-
abad, i. 96, 97 ; Alwar, i. 205 ; An-
antapur, i. 278 ; Ankleswar, i. 293 ;
INDEX.
249
Basim, ii. 187 ; Bhutan, ii. 414 ;
Bogra, iii. 30 ; Lower Burma, iii. 198 ;
Chhatarpur, iii. 396 ; Chitaldrug, iii.
426; Erandol, iv. 355; Gokak, v.
142 ; Gwalior, v. 237 ; Hugli, v. 496 ;
Jalalpur, vii. 81; Janjira, vii. 139;
Junnar, vii. 264 ; Kalpi, vii. 343 ;
Kanauj, vii. 387 ; Kandiaro, vii. 406 ;
Karra, viii. 48 ; Kashmir, viii. 74 ;
Khandesh, viii. 157; Kolhapur, viii.
284 ; Larkhana, viii. 464 ; Lucknow,
viii. 516; Madras Presidency, ix. 54;
Muzaffargarh, x. 63 ; Mysore, x. 120 ;
Nasriganj, x. 239 ; Naushahro, x.
244; Nepal, X. 284; Pabna, x. 517;
Panchamnagar, xi. 26 ; Krishnaganj
in Purniah, xi. 328 ; Rangpur, xi.
498 ; Rohri, xii. 68 ; Satara, xii. 283 ;
Serampur, xii. 318; in Shahabad, xii.
322 ; Shimoga, xii. 404 ; Sialkot, xii.
448, 452; Sitpur, xiii. 39; Tijara,
xiii. 294; Yawal, xiii. 549.
Papier-mache, or papier-mache articles,
made at Jaunpur, vii. 160; Kashmir,
viii. 74 ; Mandawar, ix. 293.
Papikonda. See Bison Range.
Pappus of Alexandria, 4th century, men-
tions the Maldive Islands, ix. 250.
Pa-pun, village in Lower Burma, xi. 53.
Parad Singha, village in Central Pro-
vinces, xi. 54.
Parahat, estate in Bengal, xi. 54-55.
Parambakudi. See Parmagudi.
Parameswara, the one First Cause, or
Supreme Deity of Hinduism, vi. 227.
Paramukka. See Ferokh.
Parangla, pass in the Himalayas, xi. 55.
Parantij, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, xi. 55, 56.
Parasgarh, Sub-division in Bombay, xi.
56> 57.
Parasnath, hill with Jain temples in
Bengal, xi. 57, 58; article 'India,' vi.
35 ; 159- ,
Paraspur-Ata, village in Oudh, xi. 58, 59.
Parasurama, the sixth incarnation of
Vishnu, his legendary war of extermi-
nation with the Kshattriyas, article
' India,' vi. 94.
Parasu Ram Bhao, Maratha general, took
Cliiknayakanhalli(l79i), iii. 411 ; took
Dharwar (1791), iv. 266.
Paraswara, village in Central Provinces,
xi. 59.
Paratwara, town and cantonment in
Berar, xi. 59.
Parauna. See Padrauna.
Paravanar, river of Madras, xi. 59.
Paravar, town and Sub - division in
Travancore, xi. 59, 60.
Paravars, Catholic class of fishermen in
Tinnevelli, xiii. 302.
Parbati, river of Punjab, xi. 60.
Parbati, river of Central India, xi. 60.
Parbattias, Cachari tribe. See Daos.
Pardhans, aboriginal tribe in Wun, xiii.
Pardhis, low-caste hunters and snarers in
Khandesh, viii. 154.
Pardi, town and Sub-division in Bombay,
xi. 60.
Parduman Sah. See Pridhiman Sah.
Parell, suburb of Bombay city, with
Governor's house, xi. 60-62.
Parenda, ruined fort in Deccan, xi. 62.
Parganas, The Twenty-four. See Twenty-
four Parganas.
Parghat, old ghdt or pass in Bombay, xi.
62.
Pariahs, or out - castes. See especially
Chengalpat, iii. 384 ; Madras Presi-
dency, ix. 21.
Pariar, town and pargand in Oudh, xi.
62, 63. ^ ^
Parichat, Raja of Jaitpur, rebelled (1842)
and was deposed, vii. 71.
Parichhatgarh, ancient town in N.-W.
Provinces, xi. 63.
Parikud, group of islands in Orissa, xi.
63,^64.
Parkail, mountain peak in Punjab, xi. 64.
Parkar. See Nagar Parkar.
Parke, Gen., defeated Tantia Topi at
Chhota Udaipur (1858), iii. 405.
Parla Kimedi, ancient estate and town in
Madras, xi. 64, 65.
Parlakot, chiefship in Central Provinces,
xi. 65.
Parmagudi, town in Madras, xi. 65.
Parmal Deo, twentieth Chandel Raja, was
overthrown by Prithwi Raja of Ajmere
and Delhi (1183), iii. 154.
Parna, village in N.-W. Provinces, xi.
Parnamis. See Dhamis.
Parnasala, temple in Madras, xi. 65.
Parner, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, xi. 65, 66.
Parochial organization of Portuguese
India, vi. 247.
Parola, town in Bombay, xi. 66.
Parone, chiefship in Central India, xi.
66, 67.
Parpori, chiefship in Central Provinces,
xi. 67.
Parseoni, town in Central Provinces,
xi. 67.
Parshadepur, town and pargand in
Oudh, xi. 67, 68.
Parsis, specially numerous in Aden, i.
17 ; Baroda, ii. 159 ; Bengal, ii. 295 ;
Bilimora, ii. 457 ; Bombay Presidency,
iii. 52, city, iii. 80, 81 ; Broach Dis-
trict, iii. 103, 104, city, iii. 1 13, 1 14;
Lower Burma, iii. 179 ; Calcutta, iii.
256 ; Cambay, iii. 272 ; Berar, v. 267 ;
250
INDEX.
Nosari, x. 405 ; first landed at Sanjan,
xii. 221 ; Surat, xiii. 124, 133.
Partabganj , /rtr^a«<i in Oudh, xi. 68.
Partabgarh, District in Oudh, x. 6S-74 ;
physical aspects, 68, 69 ; population,
69-71 ; agriculture, 71, 72; means of
communication, 72 ; trade, 73 ; ad-
ministration, 73 ; medical aspects, 74.
Partabgarh, town, tahsil, and par^and in
Oudh, xi. 74, 75.
Partabgarh, .State in Rajputana, x. 75-77.
Partabgarh, capital of State in Rajputana,
xi. 77.
Partabgarh, hill fort in Bombay, xi. 77,
Partab Singh, Rana of Mewar (1572), his
struggle with Akbar, xiii. 404 ; lost
Udaipur (1577), and recovered it
(1586), xiii. 409.
Partap Singh, the most flourishing Raja
of Garhwal (1699), iv. 171.
Partition of the Gangetic valley by Clive
(1765), vi. 387-
Pariir, town in Madras, xi. 78.
Pariir. See Paravur.
Parvatipur, town and tract in Madras, xi.
Parviz, Prince, son of Jahangir, visited
by Sir T. Roe at Burhanpur (1614), iii.
163 ; defeated by Umra Singh, Rana
of Mewar, xiii. 404, 405.
Parwan, river of Bengal, xi. 78, 79-
Pasgawan, pargand in Oudh, xi. 79.
Pa-shin. See Pa-ta-shiii.
Pashmind, woollen cloth, made at Batala,
ii. 216 ; Gujrat, v. 197 ; Kangra, vii.
426 ; Kashmir, viii. 73, 74 ; Lndhiana,
viii. 524.
Pasis, labouring class, specially numerous
"" in Allahabad, i. 189 ; Cuttack, iv. 69 ;
Fatehpur, iv. 426 ; Gonda, v. 15 1 ;
Lucknow, viii. 495, 496 ; Oudh, x.
498-; Rai Bareli, xi. 354.
Pasriir, town and tahsil in Punjab, xi.
in Thayet-myo, xiii. 277.
Passes, mountain, in India, article
' India,' of the Himalayas, the
Khaibar, Kuram, Gwalari, Tal, and
Bolan passes, 6 ; of the Western
Ghats, the Bhor, Thai, and Palghat
passes, 36, 37. Local notices — Abla-
giindi, i. 3, 4 ; Achenkoil, i. 12;
Agumbe, i. 78 ; in Akrani, i. 148 ;
Ambatmuri, i. 226 ; Ambela, i. 226-
228 ; Andar, i. 287 ; Anta Dhura, i.
293 ; Ariankava, i. 329 ; Balcha, ii.
II; Bamsaru, ii. 42; Bandajan, ii.
56 ; Banihal, ii. 74 ; Bara Lacha, ii.
120; Barenda, ii. 148; Barga, ii. 148;
Barmiil, ii. 157; Bhairoghati, ii. 356,
357 ; Bhimagauni, ii. 395 ; Bhor Ghat,
ii. 406-408; Bians, ii. 41S, 419;
Bijaya, ii. 425; Birchigaon, iii. 11,
12 ; Bisali, iii. 14; Bolan, iii. 33, 34 ;
Bul-Tul, iii. 149 ; Charmadi, iii. 372 ;
Chengama, iii. 390 ; Chholaand Jelep,
iii. 404; Damalcherri, iv. 100, loi ;
Dankia, iv. 118 ; in Dera Ghazi Khan,
iv. 209 ; Dhangain, iv. 244 ; Dharma,
iv. 252 ; Dornal Ghat, iv. 314 ; Dub,
iv. 317 ; Dub-chi, iv. 317 ; Dwarband,
iv. 327 ; Gantang, v. 9 ; Gazzalhatti,
^'- 53 '■> Ghusal, V. 76 ; Ghutasan De\-i,
v. 76 ; Gwalari, v. 76 ; Gidhaur Gala,
V. 77 ; Guleri, v. 197 ; Gumal, v, 198 ;
Gunas. v. 201 ; Hangrang, v. 310 ;
Hassanur, v. 351, 352; of the Hima-
laya ^Mountains, v. 403-407 ; of the
Hindu Kush, v. 416, 417 ; Hosangadi,
V. 441 ; Kalingia, vii. 330, 331 ;
Kalliir, vii. 339 ; Kanzam, vii. 43S ;
Karakoram, vii. 463, 464 ; in Kashmir,
viii. 64 ; Katra, viii. loo ; Keobrang,
viii. 115; Khaibar, viii. 123- 127;
Kimlia, viii. 219 ; the Kohat, viii.
248 ; in Kolaba, viii. 261, 269 ; Kol-
lur, viii. 286 ; Komulmair, viii. 287 ;
Kotagiri, viii. 303 ; the Mokandarra in
Kotah, viii. 304 ; Kuttiyadi, viii. 381 ;
Lakhi, viii. 424 ; Lakshmipur, viii.
/[/\\ ; Lal-darwaza, viii. 445 ; Lambia,
viii. 459 ; Landi Khana, viii. 459,
460 ; Lebong, viii. 468 ; Maganand,
ix. 136 ; Mana, ix. 274 ; Manerang,
ix. 311, 312; Mantrala Kanama, ix.
342 ; Marja, ix. 347 ; in the Mel-
ghat, ix. 402 ; in Mergui, ix. 407 ;
Moginand, ix. 469, 470 ; jNIohand, ix.
472 ; Mukandwara, ix. 533 ; Mula, ix.
536 ; Nabog Nai, x. 127 ; Nagkanda,
X. 160 ; Nalgun, x. 184 ; Nandika-
nama, x. 193 ; Neo Dhura, x. 273 ;
Nibrang, x. 294 ; Niti, x. 338 ; Pan-
chipenta, xi. 28 ; Parangla, xi. 55 ;
Parghat, xi. 62 ; across the Paung-
laung Range, xi. 120 ; Periya, xi. 139 ;
riming, xi. 180 ; Pir Panjal, xi. 187,
188 ; Rayavalasa, xii. 41 ; Rohtang,
xii. 77, 78; Runang, xii. 81, 82;
Sampaji Ghat, xii. 190 ; Sandru, xii.
206 ; Seghur Ghat, xii. 303 ; Shatal,
xii. 377 ; in the Shevaroy Hills, xii.
382, 383 ; .Shiar, xii. 385 ; Shiitar
Gardan, xii. 426 ; in Sikkim, xii. 483 ;
Sindwa, xii. 527 ; Singa, xii. 528 ;
Sispara, xiii. 24 ; Sitampetta, xiii. 27 ;
Tamarasseri, xiii. 169 ; Tatiparthi, xiii.
217; in Tavoy, xiii. 228; Teliagarhi,
xiii. 236 ; Thalghat, xiii. 247, 248 ;
79. 80.
Pata Cuddapah, suburb of Cuddapah,
Madras, xi. Si.
Patala, town founded by Alexander the
Great, and identified with the modern
Haidarabad, the historic capital of Sind,
vi. 166.
INDEX.
251
Patamari, village in Assam, xi. 80.
Patau, town and par^and in Oudh, xi.
So, 81.
Patan, town and Sub-division in Bombay,
xi. 81.
Patan, Sub-division in Baroda, xi. 81.
Patan, ancient town in Baroda, xi. 82.
Patan, ancient town in Kathiawar, xi,
82. See also Somnath.
Patan, ancient town in Rajputana, ix.
82,83. .
Patan, ancient town in Xepal, xi. S3.
Patan, chiefship in Rajputana, xi. 84.
Patan, village in Central Provinces, xL
84.,
Patana, village in Bengal, xi. 84.
Patan Saongi, town in Central Provinces,
xi. 84.
Pa-ta-shin, river in Lower Burma, xi.
84.
Pataudi, State in Punjab, xi. 84, 85.
Patera. See Pitihra.
Patera, village in Central Provinces, xi.
Patgram, estate in Bengal, xi. 85.
Pathan architecture. See Architecture,
Muhammadan.
Pathan Kings of Delhi, by Mr. E.
Thomas, quoted, article 'India,' vi.
271 (footnote); 279, 2S0, 281 (foot-
notes) ; 283 (footnotes i and 2) ; 284
(footnote I) ; 285 (footnote 3) ; 287
(footnote 2) ; 291 (footnote).
Pathankot, town and tahsil in Punjab,
xi. 85, 86.
Pathans, or Indian Afghans, specially
numerous in Ambala, i. 219 ; Amristar,
i. 25S ; Bagrasi, i. 420 ; Bannu, ii.
92, 93 ; Bombay Presidency, iii. 49,
81 ; Broach, iii. 103 ; Delhi, iv. 182 ;
Dera Ghazi Khan, iv. 213; Dera
Ismail Khan, iv. 223 ; Doaba Daiidzai,
iv. 310; Haidarabad (Sind), v. 276;
Hindu Kush, v. 427 ; Hoshiarpur, v.
455 ; Kaimganj, vii. 298 ; Kotah, viii.
247 ; Lahore, viii. 407 ; Ludhiana, viii.
527 ; Madras, ix. 23 ; Muzaffargarh, x.
60 ; Peshawar, xi. 150, 15 1 ; Punjab,
xi. 273 ; Rajputana, xi. 408 ; Rawal
Pindi, xii. 27 ; Rohtak, xii. 72 ; Sibi,
xii. 455. 456 ; Sind, xii. 517, 518;
Teri, xiii. 243 ; Tonk, xiii. 337 ;
Udaipur, xiii. 401.
Pathardi, town in Bombay, xi. 86.
Pathari, State in Central India, xi. 86, 87.
Patharia, hill range in Assam, xi. 87.
Patharia, village in Central Provinces,
xi. 87.
Pathri, village in Central Provinces, xi.
87.
Pathrot, towm in Berar, xi. 87.
Fathsdids, or indigenous village schools.
See the Education section in each
Bengal District article, and Campbell,
Sir George.
Patiala, Native State in Punjab, xi.
87-90.
Patiala, capital of Native State in Punjab,
xi. 90.
Patiali, ancient town in N.-W. Provinces,
xi. 90.
Patkulanda, chiefship in Central Pro-
vinces, xi. 90.
Patna, Division or Commissionership in
Bengal, xi. 90-93.
Patna, District in Bengal, xi. 93-106;
physical aspects, 93, 94 ; history, 94-
98; population, 9S-100; agriculture,
100, loi ; natural caJamities, loi, 102 ;
trade, 102 ; opium manufacture, 102,
103; administration, 103-105; medical
aspects, 105.
Patna, Sub-division in Bengal, xi. 106.
Patna, city in Bengal, xi. 106-114;
history, 106-108 ; description, loS-
iio; population, 108; trade, iio-
114.
Patna, East India Company's Agency
at (1620), article 'India,' vi. 367;
massacre of, 3S6 ; trade of, 595, 596.
Patna Canal, in Bengal, xi. 114.
Palna, Native State in Central Pro-
vinces, xi. 114-116.
Patna, chief town of State in Central
Provinces, xi. 116.
Patna, river in Central Provinces, xi.
116.
Paton, Col. , relieved Chamberlain at
Chichawatni, ix. 496.
Patri, petty .State in Kathiawar, xi. 116.
Patri, town in Bombay, xi. 116, 117.
Pattaputtu, town in Madras, xi. 117.
Patti, town in Punjab, xi. 1 17.
Patti, tahsil in Oudh, xi. 117.
Pattikonda, town and tdluk in Madras,
xi. 117, 118.
Pattukotai, town and tdhik in Madras,
xi. 118.
Patuakhali, "Sub-division in Bengal, xi.
118.
Patiir, town in Berar, xi. iiS, 119.
Paumben. See Pambam.
Paunar, ancient town in Central Pro-
\'inces, xi. 119.
Paung-deh, town and township in Lower
Burma, xi. 119.
Paung-laung, hill range in Lower Burma,
xi. 119, 120.
Paung-lin, township in Lower Burma,
xi. 120.
Pauni, town in Central Provinces, xi.
120.
Pauri, village in N.-W. Provinces, xi.
120.
Pavagada, village and tdluk in Mysore,
xi. 121, 122.
252
INDEX.
Pawagarh, hill fort in Bombay, xi. 121,
122.
Pawangarh, hill fort in Bombay, xi. 122,
Pawayan, town and tahsil in N.-W.
Provinces, xi. 122.
Pawi Mulanda, chiefship in Central Pro-
vinces, xi. 123.
Payarighat, tract in Berar, xi. 123.
Payrdapala, village in Madras, xi. 123.
Peach, Col., defeated the chief of Parla
Kimedi at Jalmur (1768), xi. 64.
Peaches, grown in Baluchistan, ii. 36 ;
Jabalpur, vii. 33 ; Kalhatti, vii. 325 ;
Kandahar, vii. 391 ; Kangra, vii. 412 ;
Kashmir, viii. 71 ; Lahore, viii. 410 ;
Nilgiri Hills, ix. 86, x. 313 ; Mani-
pur, ix. 331 ; Mishmi Hills, ix. 463 ;
Mysore, x. 103 ; Nepal, x. 276 ; Pesha-
war, xi. 146, 159 ; Shevaroy Hills,
xii. 383 ; Sind, xii. 520 ; Jacobabad,
xiii. 446 ; Wellington, xiii. 536.
Pearl fisheries, article ' India,' vi. 629.
Local jwticcs — Pearl mussels or oysters
found at Dindigal, iv. 300 ; Faridpur,
iv. 397 ; Karachi, vii. 449, ^ 450 ;
Manar Gulf, ix. 275, 276 ; Nawanagar,
X. 252, 253 ; Tinnevelli, xiii. 308.
Pearse, Col., first colonel commandant of
the Bengal Artillery, Monument to, in
Dum-Dum Church, iv. 320.
Pebbles, polished, exported from Banda,
ii- 53-
Peddapur, town and taluk in Madras, xi.
123.
Pedda Viziarama Raz, Maharaja of
Vizianagram (1710-57), his history,
xiii. 499, 500.
Peerpointee. See Pirpainti.
Pegu, Division of Lower Burma, xi. 124,
125 ; annexation of, as the result of
the second Burmese war, article
' India,' vi. 413, 414.
Pegu, township in Lower Burma, xi. 125.
Pegu, town in Lower Burma, xi. 125-
128.
Pegu, river in Lower Burma, xi. 128,
129.
Pegu Yoma. See Yoma.
Pehoa, ancient town in Punjab, xi. 129.
Peint, Sub-division (formerly State) in
Bombay, xi. 129-131.
Peint, town in Bombay, xi. 131.
Pellew, Mr., quoted on the storm-wave
in Sandwip Island (1876), xii. 212,
213.
Peniberton, Capt., mission to Bhutan
(1826), ii. 412, 416; quoted on Kyauk-
pyu, viii. 390.
Pen, town and Sub-division in Bombay,
xi. 131, 132.
Pena. See Paina.
Pench, river of Central Provinces, xi.
132.
Penchalakonda, hill peak in Madras, xi.
132.
Pendhat, sacred village in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, xi. 132.
Pendra, chiefship in Central Provinces,
vi. 132.
Penganga, river of Berar, xi. 132, 133.
Peninsular India, Geology of, vi. 634-
639-
Penna, Horace della, quoted on Sikkim,
xii. 484.
Pennar (Northern), river of S. India, xi.
133, 134-
Pennar (Southern), river of S. India, xi.
134-
Penny, Gen., killed in battle with the
mutineers at Kakrala (1858), iii. 119,
vii. 312.
Pentakota, fishing village in Madras, xi.
'34-
Penukonda, idluk in Madras, xi. 134,
Penukonda, fortified town in Madras, xi.
'35-
People, Material condition of. See Con-
dition of the people.
Pepali, town in Madras, xi. 135, 136.
Pepper, in Bengal, ii. 271 ; Bombay, iii.
53 ; Champaran, iii. 337 ; Cochin, iv.
5 ; Eastern Dwars, iv. 329 ; Garo
Hills, V. 30 ; Western Ghats, v. 59 ;
Hassan, v. 346 ; North Kanara, vii.
372 ; Khyrim, viii. 215 ; Lakhimpur,
viii. 433; Madras, ix. 30, 83; Madura,
ix. 121 ; Maharam, ix. 166; Mahram,
ix. 185 ; Malabar, ix. 229, 230 ; Mani-
pur, ix. 331; Mysore, x. loo; Nelliam-
pati Hills, x. 260 ; Nepal, x. 277 ;
Palni Mountains, xi. 19 ; Puri, xi.
306; Sagar (Mysore), xii. Ill; Sawant-
wari, xii. 296 ; Shimoga, xii. 400-403 ;
Sorab, xiii. 65; Supa, xiii. 116 ; Tarai,
xiii. 209 ; Taung-ngu, xiii. 225 ; Tavoy,
xiii. 231 ; Travancore, xiii. 345-349-
Perambakam, town in Madras, xi. 136.
Perambah'ir, town and tdh4k in Madras,
xi. 136.
Perambur, suburb of Madras city, xi. 136.
Percots, Mgr. G. M., Bishop of Massulis,
murdered by Alaung-paya (1756), his
life referred to, xiii. 158.
Perfumes, Scents, and Essences, made at
Jarwal, vii. 144 ; Jaunpur, vii. 160 ;
Kanauj, vii. 387 ; Kathiawar, viii. 96 ;
Kolhapur, viii. 284 ; Kondavir, viii.
288 ; Patharia, xi. 87 ; Patna, xi. 1 10 ;
Sikandarpur, xii. 480.
Periakulam, town and tdliik in Madras,
xi. 136, 137.
Perim, island in mouth of Red Sea, xi.
137, 138-
Perim, island in Gulf of Cambay, xi. 138,
139-
INDEX.
253
Perindurai, village in Madras, xi. 139.
Periplus, The, mentions Aden, i. 15 ;
Chaul, iii. 376; Cape Comorin, iv. 25;
Kalyan, vii. 347 ; Kolkai, viii. 286 ;
the Konkan, viii. 290 ; Kota, viii. 309 ;
Madura, ix. 122 ; Maharashtra, ix.
166, 167 ; Masura, ix. 357 ; the Nar-
bada, x. 210; Paithan, x. 530; Pandya,
xi. 42 ; Perim, xi. 137 ; Sopara, xiii.
65.
Periya, ghat or pass in Madras, xi. 139.
Periyakulam. See Periakulam.
Periyapatna, village and taluk in Mysore,
xi. 139, 140.
Periyar, river of Travancore, xi. 140.
Perkins, Col., Deputy Commissioner of
Oudh, founded the bazar of Perkins-
ganj (185S), xiii. loi.
Permanent Settlement, The, of Lord
Cornwallis and Sir John Shore, article
' India,' vi. 393, 394. Local Jiotkes —
Bard wan, ii. 128 ; Bengal, ii. 306 ; its
lightness in Goalpara, v. 113; failure
of similar system in Godavari, v.
125.
Perron, M., Sindia's French general, de-
feated by Lord Lake at Aligarh (1803),
i. 170 ; established system ofjdgi'rs for
his veterans at Hapur, v. 318 ; sent
Bourquien to expel George Thomas
(1802), v. 337 ; ceded Kaman to
Ranjit Singh (1782), vii. 351 ; his
brigade quartered at Sikandarabad,
xii. 478.
Perrot, General, formerly head of the
Government stud at Karnul, established
private stud there (1875), "^'i'^- 24.
Persians in India. See Bombay Presi-
dency, iii. 49, city, iii. 81 ; Kandahar,
viii. 390.
Peruah. See Panduah.
Perumakal, village and hill fort in Madras,
xi. 140, 141.
Peruraal dynasty in Travancore, xiii.
345-347-
Perungudi, town in Madras, xi. 141.
Perur, village in Madras, xi. 141.
Perzagarh, hill range in Central Provinces,
xi. 141.
Peshawar, Division or Commissionership
in Punjab, xi. 141-144.
Peshawar, District in Punjab, xi. 144-
157; physical aspects, 144-147; history,
147-150; population, 150-152; village
life, 152, 153; agriculture, 153, 154;
trade, 154; means of communication,
155; administration, 155, 156; educa-
tion, 156 ; medical aspects, climate,
Peshawar, ta/isil in Punjab, xi. 157, 158.
Peshawar, city in Punjab, xi. 158-160.
Peshawar, cantonment in Punjab, xi. 160,
161.
Peshwas, the rise and progress of their
power (1718-1818), article ' India,' vi.
320-324 ; annexation of the Peshwa's
dominions, 402. See also Marathas,
and names of individual Peshwas.
Pestana, Count de, Governor-General of
Goa, nearly brought about rupture with
the Bombay Government, v. 106.
Pet Budhwara, village in Central Pro-
vinces, xi. 161.
Peth, town in Bombay, xi. 161.
Pethapur, town and State in Bombay, xi.
161, 162.
Petlad, town and Sub-division in Baroda,
xi. 162.
Petley, Lieut., R.N., furnished the article
on Hugli river, v. 469.
Petley, Mr., his plantations in Taung-ngu,
xiii. 225.
Petrie, Major, took Cochin from the
Dutch (1795), iv. 12.
Petrie, William, acting Governor of
Madras (1807), ix. 67; established an
observatory (1787), which in 1792
became the Madras Observatory, ix.
117.
Petroleum, or mineral oil, article ' India,'
vi. 42 ; mines and oil-refining com-
panies in Burma, vi. 626, 627. Local
7ioticcs — Assam, i. 348 ; Bannu, ii. 90 ;
Bisrampur, iii. 18 ; Jaipur (Assam),
iii. 166; Lower Burma, iii. 201; Upper
Burma, iii. 21 1; Cachar, iii. 234;
Cheduba Island, iii. 378 ; Henzada, v.
384 ; Jehlam, vii. 167 ; Kheri, viii.
190 ; Panoba in Kohat, viii. 243 ;
Kyauk-pyu, viii. 385 ; Lakhimpur, viii.
427 ; Mc-ikum, ix. 216 ; Ramri, xi. 463 ;
Rawal Pindi, xii. 22 ; Sibsagar, xii.
460 ; Thayet-myo, xiii. 278.
Pettai. See Paittapattu.
Petty kingdoms of ancient India in the
time of Megasthenes, vi. 17.
' Peutinger Tables,' The, quoted, on
Andhra, i. 287 ; Kolkai, viii. 2S6 ;
Kotai, viii. 309.
Phaeton, shoal oft' Lower Burma, xi. 162.
Phagu, halting station near Simla, Pun-
jab, xi. 162.
Phagwara, town in Punjab, xi. 163.
Phalalum, peak in the Himalayas, Bengal,
xi. 163.
Phalauda, town in N.-W. Provinces, xi.
163-,
Phalgu, river of Bengal, xi. 163.
Phalian, tahsil in Punjab, xi. 163, 164.
Phaljar, village in Assam, xi. 164.
Phallic emblems in Hinduism, vi. 204, 205.
Phaltan, town and State in Bombay, xi.
164, 165.
Phaliit. Sec Phalalum.
Phaphiind, town and tahsil in N.-W.
Provinces, xi. 165, 166.
254
INDEX.
Pharamgiri, village in Assam, xi. l66.
Pharha, town in N.-W. Provinces, xi.
i66.
Phayre, General Sir A. P., settled Bilu-
Gywon Island, ii. 460 ; Chief Commis-
sioner of British (now Lower) Burma
(1862-67), iii. 176; envoy to Inde-
pendent Burma (1855), iii. 227 ; intro-
duced Cuba tobacco into Sandowav,
xii. 202 ; quoted on the Chins, xiii.
281.
Phayre, General Sir R. , nearly poisoned
by Mulhar Rao Gaekwar (1874), ii.
164; reached Kandahar (1880), and
commanded there till the evacuation
(1881), vii. 397.
Pheni, Sub-division in Bengal, xi. 166.
Pheni, river of E. Bengal, xi. 166,
167.
Phillaur, town and tahstl in Punjab, xi.
167.
Philosophical and terrible aspects of Siva-
worship, vi. 210, 211.
Philosophy of the Brahmans, its six
darsanas or schools, vi. 98, 99.
Phingeswar, chiefship in Central Pro-
vinces, xi. 168.
Phulaguri, village in Assam, xi. 168.
Phuljhar, chiefship in Central Provinces,
xi. 168.
Phulpur, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces, xi.
168, 169.
Physical appearance and physiognomy of
the Afghans, i. 45 ; Andamanese, i.
2S5 ; Baluchis, ii. 38 ; Bhils, ii. 389 ;
Bhutias, ii. 413 ; Brahuis, iii. 99 ;
Takings, iii. 182, 183 ; Gonds, iii.
308 ; the inhabitants of Chitral, iii.
432 ; Coorgs, iv. 34 ; Daphlas, iv.
119; Chandals, iv. 400; Garos, v. 28;
Juangs, vii. 252 ; Siahposh Kafirs,
vii. 290 ; Kangra tribes, vii. 420 ;
Karens, viii. 3 ; Kashmiris, viii.
70 ; Khamtis, viii. 145 ; Khasis,
viii. 174; Kotas, viii. 301, x. 311 ;
Kumaunis, viii. 353 ; Kurumbas, viii.
376, X. 311; Ladakhis, viii. 398;
Lushais, viii. 530 ; Maldive islanders,
ix. 251 ; hill tribes in Manipur, ix.
330 ; Korkus, ix. 403 ; Miris, ix.
443, 444, 445, 447 ; Mishmis, ix.
462 ; Kurubas, x. 98, 99 ; Angami
Nagas, X. 148 ; Naikdas, x. 176 ;
Nicobarians, x. 296 ; Todas, x. 309 ;
Rewa Kantha Bhils, xii. 51 ; Santals,
xii. 239, 240 ; Hos or Larka Kols,
xii. 535 ; inhabitants of Spiti, xiii.
72, 73 ; Chins, xiii. 2S2.
Physical aspects of India, article ' India,'
vi. chap. i. pp. 1-42. General outline,
I; origin of the name of India, I -3 ;
. boundaries, 3, 4 ; the three regions of
India, 4. First region, the Himalayas,
l-io ; the Himalayan wall and trough,
4-6; Himalayan passes, 6; offshoots of
the Himalayas, 6 ; the gateways of
India, 6, 7 ; Himalayan water-supply
and rainfall, 7 ; scenery, 7, 8 ; vegeta-
tion and forests, 7 ; cultivation, 7, 8 ;
irrigation and mill power, 9 ; saleable
produce, 9, 10; fauna of the Himalayas,
10. Second region, the northern river
plains, 10-34. The three river systems
of N. India, 10, li — (l) the Indus and
Sutlej, II, 12; lower course of the
Indus, 12, 13 ; (2) the Tsan-pu 'or
Brahmaputra, 13-16 ; the Kailas water-
shed, 13 ; the Brahmaputra confluents
in Assam, 13, 14 ; the Brahmaputra in
Bengal, 14, 15; Brahmaputrasilt deposits
and islands, 14, 15; changes in Brahma-
putra course, 15 ; the Brahmaputra as
a high-road, 15, 16 ; (3) the Gangetic
river system, 16-29 ; the growth of the
Ganges and its discharges at different
points, 17 ; its great tributary the
Jumna, 17 ; sanctity .of the Ganges,
its places of pilgrimage, 17, 18 ; the
Ganges, the water - carrier, fertilizer,
and great water highway of Bengal,
19, 20 ; traffic on the Ganges, 20 ;
great Gangetic cities, 20, 21 ; first
and second stages in the life of a
great Indian river as a silt collector,
21, 22; loss of carrying power in
second stage, 22 ; third stage as a
land-maker, 21, 22; the delta of Bengal,
and of Gangetic deltaic distributaries,
23 ; character of a deltaic river, 23, 24;
section of a deltaic channel of the
Ganges, 23 ; junction of the Ganges,
Brahmaputra, and the Meghna — their
combined delta, 24 ; last scene in the
life of an Indian river, land-making
in the estuary, 24, 25 ; Bengal, the
' gift of the Ganges,' in the same
sense as Egypt the 'gift of the Nile,'
25 ; size of the Bengal delta, 25 ;
successive depressions of the delta, 26,
27 ; its subterranean structure, 26 (foot-
note) ; amount of silt brought down by
the Ganges at Ghazipur, 27 ; estimated
silt of united river at the delta, 28 ;
time required to construct the Bengal
delta, 28 ; river irrigation by means of
canals, 28, 29 ; the rivers as highways
of trade, 29 ; saline deposits caused by
floods, 29 ; changes of river beds and
deserted river capitals, 30 ; the ' bore '
of the Hiigli and Meghna, 30, 31 ;
destruction of river-side villages, 31,
32 ; poetry of the Indian river names,
32 ; crops of the river plains of N.-W.
Bengal and the delta, 32-34 ; scenery
of the river plains. Third region, the
southern table-land or the Deccan, 34-
INDEX.
255
42 ; its three supporting mountain
walls, 35 ; the Vindhya mountains and
their ranges, the ancient barrier be-
tween N. and S. India, 35, 36 ; the
E. and W. Ghats, 36 ; the central
triangular plateau, 36 ; the Bhor Ghat,
36; the Thai Ghat, 37; the Palghat pass,
37 ; rivers of the inner plateau, 37, 38;
historical significance of the E. and W.
Ghats, 38 ; rainfall of the Deccan, 38 ;
the four forest regions of S. India, 38-
40 ; scenery of S. India, 40 ; crops,
40, 41 ; minerals, 41 ; recapitulation
of the three regions of India, their
races and languages, 41 ; Burma, 42.
See also section Physical Aspects in
each Provincial and District article.
Piali, river in Bengal, xi. 169.
Piddington, H., quoted, on the copper
and silver of the Santal Parganas, xii.
227.
Pigeon Island, in Madras, xi. 169.
Pigeon Island, in Bombay, xi. 169.
Pigot, Lord, Governor of Madras (1755-
63, 1775-76), ix. 67 ; his defence of
Madras city (1758), ix. 107 ; nearly
captured with Clive at Viruddhachalam
(1751), xiii. 4S0.
Pihani, town and pargand in Oudh, xi.
169, 170.
Pihej, town in Baroda, xi. 170.
Pihewa. See Pehoa.
Pilcher, K. H., his account of the
administration of Upper Burma, when
independent, iii. 213-216.
Pilgrimage, places of, Ajodhya, i. 134 ;
Alandi, i. 163, 164 ; Amarnath (Kash-
mir), i. 211; Papanassam, i. 226;
Antravedi, i. 294 ; Anupshahr, i. 295 ;
Athirala, i. 377 ; Badrinath, i. 411;
Bagherhat, i. 417 ; Bahraich, i. 435 ;
Baikanthpur, i. 436 ; Baldeva, ii. 14 ;
Bansi, ii. 217 ; Belgaum, ii. 237, 238;
Benares, ii. 262 - 266 ; Beyt, ii. 336 ;
Bhadbhut, ii. 33S ; Mandargiri, ii.
348 ; Bhairoghati, ii. 356 ; Bhavani,
ii. 383 ; Bhilsa. ii. 393 ; Bhim Ghora,
ii. 396 ; the Bhuban Hills, ii. 408 ;
Bhuvaneswar, ii. 417 ; Biana, ii. 418 ;
Bodhan, iii. 23 ; Brahmakund, iii. 94,
viii. 428 ; Brindaban, iii. loo ; Buddh
Gaya, iii. 127 ; Chaudod, iii. 359,
360 ; Chandranath, iii. 364 ; Chhipia,
iii. 404 ; Chitarkot, iii. 429 ; Com-
baconum, iv. 24 ; Dakor, iv. 96 ;
Amba Bhawani in Danta, iv. 118;
Deoband, iv. 199 ; Deogarh, iv. 201,
202 ; Deoprayag, iv. 205 ; Devjagaon,
iv. 234 ; Dewalwara, iv. 235 ; Diggi,
iv. 287 ; Baneswar in Diingarpur, iv.
324 ; Dwarka, iv. 327 ; Gangal, iv.
466 ; Gangotri, iv. 477 ; Garhmukh-
tesar, v. 16 ; Gaur, v. 38 ; Gaya, v.
47, 48 ; Girnar, v. 84 ; Gobardhan, v.
121 ; Gokaru, v. 142 ; Hajo, v. 292 ;
Hardwar, v. 331, 333, 334 ; Hodal, v.
438; Jajpur, vii. 73; Jawalamukhi, vii.
162; Jejuri, vii. 178; Kakora, vii.
211 ; Kalighat, vii. 326 ; Kalinjar, vii.
33i> 335 ; .^"^alipani, vii. 337; Kamta
Rajaula, vii. 366 ; Kasipur, viii. 82 ;
Katas, viii. 86, 87 ; Kedarnath, viii.
109 ; Kiching, viii. 215 ; .Salimabad,
near Kishangavh, viii. 223 ; Kopilas,
viii. 295 ; Kosa Nag, viii. 299 ;
Kotipalli, viii. 312 ; Kurukshetra, viii.
374> 375 ; Madheswaranmalai, viii.
541 ; Mahaban, ix. 150-152 ; Maha-
gaon, ix. 155 ; Mahavinyaka, ix. 170;
on the Mahi, ix. 174 ; Makhanpur, ix.
215 ; Manderhill, ix. 292 ; Mandhata,
ix. 294 ; Mat, ix. 358 ; Ze-da-wun in
Mergui, ix. 408 ; Muttra, x. 54 ;
Nandan Sar, x. 188 ; Nasik, x. 236 ;
Nathdwara, x. 240 ; Nekmard, x. 259;
Puri, X. 450-458, xi. 309-320 ; Palitana,
xi. 4, 5; Pambam, xi. 23; Pandharpur,
xi. 37; Papanasham, xi. 53 ; Parasnath,
xi- 57, 58 ; Pehoa, xi. 129 ; Pendhat,
xi. 132 ; Pushkar, xi. 335 ; Rajagriha
Hills, xi. 380 ; Rajim, xi. 388 ;
Rakabdev, xi. 439 ; Rameswaram, xi.
443 ; Ramkail, xi. 449 ; Rampura, xi.
462 ; Ramtek, xi. 466 ; Riipnath, xii.
85 ; Sagar Island, xii. 109 ; Sakhi
Sarwar, xii. 145, 146 ; Sandoway, xii.
201 ; in Sandur, xii. 209 ; Sansar
Dhura, xii. 225 ; Sehwan, xii. 306 ;
Shingnapur, xii. 406 ; Sholinghar, xii.
423 ; Shwe-Dagon, xii. 427 ; Sidhpur,
xii. 474 ; Sikandra, xii. 482 ; Sitakund,
xiii. 25 ; Sitapur, xiii. 39 ; Sivaganga,
xiii. 41 ; Soron, xiii. 67 ; Tarakeswar,
xiii. 211, 212; Thana Bhawan, xiii.
259 ; Thaneswar, xiii. 259 - 261 ;
Tirumurtikovil, xiii. 325 ; Tirupati,
xiii. 325, 326 ; Tii-utani, xiii. 327 ;
Tosham, xiii. 339 ; Trichinopoli, xiii.
364 ; Trimbak, xiii. 366 ; Tukreswari,
xiii. 372 ; Old Udaipur, xiii. 413 ;
Udipi, xiii. 416 ; Uloi, xiii. 419 ;
Umananda, xiii. 419 ; Upmaka, xiii.
438 ; Vadaka Valaiyur, xiii. 460 ;
\Vai, xiii. 509 ; Wartul, xiii. 533.
Pilgrim hospitals at Puri, x. 458, xi.
320.
Pilgrim hotels at Puri, xi. 319.
Pilgrim mortality on the way to and
from Puri, xi. 319, 320.
Pilibhit, District in Punjab, xi. 170-178 ;
physical aspects, 1 70- 172 ; history, 172-
174; population, 174; agriculture,
175, 176 ; natural calamities, 176 ;
trade, 176 ; means of communication,
177 ; administration, 177 ; education,
177 ; medical aspects, 178.
256
INDEX.
Pilibhi't, taJisIl'm Punjab, xi. 17S.
Pilihbit, town in Punjab, xi. 179.
Pilkhuwa, town in N. -\V. Provinces, xi.
180.
Pillar and rock in?criptions of Asoka,
article ' India,' vi. 145 (footnote); 146,
For iocal notices see Asoka.
Piming, pass over Himalayas, Punjab, xi.
180.
Pimpalgaon Raja, town in Berar, xi. 180.
Pimpalner, town and Sub-division in
Bombay, xi. 180, 181.
Pimpladevi, Bhil State in Bombay, xi.
181.
Pimpri, Bhil State in Bombay, xi. 181.
Pin, river in Punjab, xi. 181.
Pinahat, town and taJisil in N. -W. Pro-
vinces, xi. 181, 182.
Pinakini, river in S. India. See Penner.
Pind Dadan Khan, town and iahsil in
Punjab, xi. 182, 1S3.
Pindan freebooters, Expedition against
the (1817), article 'India,' vi. 401.
Local notices — Ravaged Basim, ii.
185 ; Bellary, ii. 243 ; allied with the
Nawab of Bhopal, ii. 404 ; ravaged
Bilaspur, ii. 44S ; largely recruited in
the Central Provinces, iii. 302 ;
ravaged or sacked Chanda, iii. 350 ;
Chhapara, iii. 395 ; Dhampur, iv. 241;
Ganjam, v. 4; Iloshangabad, v. 444;
the capture of Malegaon, ix. 254 ;
Mehkar, ix. 399 ; had their head-
quarters in Nimar, x. 330 ; ravaged or
sacked Parla Kimedi, xi. 64 ; Paunar,
xi. 119; Rajputana, xi. 406, 407 ; their
suppression by Lord Hastings, xi. 407 ;
ravaged Satara, xii. 282 ; Sholapur,
xii. 417 ; Wardha, xiii. 525.
Pindigheb, town and tahsil in Punjab,
xi. I S3, 184.
Pine apples, cultivated in Assam, i. 362 ;
Upper Burma, iii. 210 ; Haidarabad,
V. 245 ; Jabalpur, vii. 33; Khasi Hills,
viii. 177; Lahore, viii. 410; Manipur,
ix. 331 ; Mao-don, ix. 343 ; Mergui,
ix. 410; Nepal, x. 276; N.-W. Pro-
vinces, X. 381; Sheila, xii. 378;
Tavoy, xiii. 232.
Pine trees, in Bhutan, ii. 414 ; Himalaya
Mountains, v. 409 ; Mount Jako, vii.
74; Kangra, vii. 410, 41 1; Kashmir,
viii. 71 ; Kedar Kanta, viii. 109 ;
Khasi Hills, viii. 173 ; Kulu, viii. 336,
337 ; Kumaun, viii. 349 ; Kuram, viii.
369 ; Mishmi Hills, ix. 463 ; Murree
Hills, X. 18; Nepal, x. 276, 277;
N.-W. Provinces, x. 380 ; Punjab, xi.
280 ; Rawal Pindi, xii. 21 ; Safed Koh
Mountains, xii. 99 ; Sahiswan, xii.
136 ; on the Takht-i-Sulaiman, xiii.
161.
Pmjar, village in Berar, xi. 184.
Pinjaur, decayed town in Punjab, xi. 1S4.
Pinu or Pim, river of Punjab. See Pin.
Pipalgaon, village in Central Provinces,
xi. 184.
Piparia, village in Central Provinces,
xi. 1 85.
Piparwanf, village in Central Provinces,
xi. 185.
Pipes, made in Alainpuri, ix. 210.
Pipe-stems, made in Agra, i. 76.
Piplianagar, chiefship in Central India,
xi. 185.
Pippli, tahsil m Punjab, xi. 185, 186.
Pippli, historic port in Orissa, xi. 186 ;
early settlement of the East India
Company, now far inland, article
' India,' vi. 368, 369.
Pipraich, village in N.-W. Provinces,
xi. 186.
Piram, island in Gulf of Cambay. See
Perim.
Pirmaid, hill station in Travancore, xi.
1 86.
Pir Mangho. See Magar Talao.
Pirnagar, pargand in Oudh, xi. 1S6,
Pirozpur, Sub-division in Bengal, xi.
,JS7- .
Pirpainti, village in Bengal, xi. 187.
Pfr Panjal, mountain range in Kashmir,
xi. 187, 1S8.
Firs or groups of villages, the old admini-
strative and new fiscal divisions of the
Kols in Singh bhum, xii. 540.
Pisangan, town in Rajputana, xi. 188.
Pishin, District of S. Afghanistan, xi.
1S8-192 ; physical aspects, 188; his-
tory, 1S9 ; population, 189, 190; agri-
culture, 190; trade, 191 ; administra-
tion, 191 ; medical aspects, 192.
Pistachio nuts, grown in Afghan-Turkis-
tan, i. 55 ; Baluchistan, ii. 36.
Pitari, town in Oudh, xi. 192.
Pith, Articles made of, in Tanjore, xiii.
191, 196.
Pithapur, town and taluk in Madras, xi.
192.
Pithoragarh, military outpost in N.-W.
Provinces, xi. 193.
Pithoria, estate in Central Provinces, xi.
Pitihra, estate in Central Provinces, xi.
193-
Pitlad. Sec Petlad.
Pitt, G. Morton, Governor of Madras
.(1730-35). ix- 67.
Pitt, Thomas, Governor of ]Madras (169S-
1709), ix. 66.
Place, Mr., Collector of Chengalpat, con-
structed the Karunguli tank there
(1795), iii._ 382.
Places of pilgrimage. See Pilgrimage,
Places of.
INDEX.
257
Plague, at Pali, xi. i ; Radhanpur, xi.
343, 344-
Plantains, grown in Akola, i. 143 ; Akyab,
i. 156 ; Allahabad, i. 190 ; North
Arcot, i. 316 ; Badnera, i. 409 ;
Baluchistan, ii. 36 ; Bardwan, ii. 126 ;
Bellary, ii. 245 ; Buldana, iii. 146 ;
Upper Burma, iii. 210 ; Coimbatore,
iv. 18 ; Coorg, iv. 37 ; Diingarpur, iv.
323 ; Eastern Dwars, iv. 328 ; Farid-
pur, iv. 394 ; Hanthawadi, v. 315 ;
■ Hassan, v. 349 ; Jalgaon-Jumbod, vii.
106 ; Jalpaiguri, vii. 108 ; South
Kanara, vii. 372; Kangra, vii. 412;
Karnul, viii. 38 ; the Konkan, viii. 292 ;
Lahore, viii. 410 ; Lakhimpur, viii.
433 ; Larkhana, viii. 463 ; Madras, ix.
28, 30; Manipur, ix. 331; Nasik, x.
232 ; N.-W. Provinces, x. 381 ; Oudh,
x. 482 ; Palni Mountains, xi. 19 ; Ran-
goon, xi. 47S ; Savanur, xii. 293 ;
Sawantwari, xii. 296 ; Shevaroy Plilis,
xii. 383 ; Sibsagar, xii. 466 ; Sikkim,
xii. 486 ; Sind, xii. 520 ; Sinnar, xii.
545 ; Sitapur, xiii. 35 ; Tanjore, xiii.
187 ; Tavoy, xiii. 232 ; Thayet-myo,
xiii. 283 ; Thon-g\\a, xiii. 291 ; Tin-
nevelli, xiii. 306; Tipperah, xiii. 313 ;
Trichinopoli, xiii. 360 ; Tumkur, xiii.
381-
Plassey, battle-field (1757) in Bengal,
xi. 193, 194; article 'India,' vi.
382.
Platinum, Grains of, found in Dharwar,
iv. 258.
Pliny, mentions Andhra, i. 287-; king-
dom of Chola as Sera, iii. 455 ;
Coringa as Kalingon, iv. 42 ; his
Gaukasus identified with ' Rush ' in
Hindu Rush, v. 418 ; mentions the
Indus, vii. 13 ; Ralinga, vii. 328, 329 ;
the Savars as Suari, vii. 401 ; Ladakh
as Akhassa Regio, viii. 399 ; Muttra as
Methora, x. 43 ; Nevti as Nitrias, x.
292 ; the people of Magadha as Prasii,
xi. 107; the Sutlej, xiii. 141 ; the
pearl fishery of Tinnevelli, xiii. 308.
Plumbago, found in Gurgaon, v. 216 ;
Rashmir, viii. 67 ; Travancore, xiii.
345-
Pliitschau, German missionary, founded
the mission at Tranquebar with Ziegen-
balg (1706), xiii. 181, 341.
Pod, the most numerous caste in the
Twenty-four Parganas, xiii. 392.
Poddatura. See Proddutur.
Pogson, Mr., quoted, on the diamond
mines of Panna, xi. 49, 50.
Pohra, village in Central Provinces, xi.
194.
Poicha, petty State in Bombay, xi. 194.
Poini, river in Madras, xi. 194.
Point Calimere. See Calimere.
VOL. XIV.
Point, False. See False Point.
Point, Palmyras. See Palmyras Point.
Pokaran, town in Rajputana, xi. 194,
195-
Pokhar. Sec Pushkar.
Pokri, village in N.-W. Provinces, xi.
195-
Pol, petty State in Bombay, xi. 195.
Polavaram, estate in Madras, xi. 195,
196.
Polekurru, town in Madras, xi. 196.
Polhill, Lieut., stormed Sikhar (1781),
xii. 483. _
Poll, town in Madras, xi. 196.
Police statistics, article ' India,' vi. 472.
See also the Administration section in
each District article.
Pollachi, town and tdliik in Madras, xi.
196.
PoUilur, town in Madras, xi. 196.
Pollock, General Sir George, his march
from the Punjab to Rabul (1842),
article 'India,' vi. 409. Local miotic es
— Relieved Jalalabad, i. 50, vii. 76 ;
took Rabul and destroyed the Char
Chata, i. 51, vii. 273; his advance
through the Rhaibar Pass, viii. 126.
Polo, played in Manipur, ix. 331.
Poliir, town and (dhtk in Madras, xi.
196, 197.
Polyandry among the Nairs and Hima-
layan tribes, article ' India,' vi. 55 ;
polyandry of Draupadi, the wife of the
five Pandava brethren in the Maha-
bharata, 121 ; polyandry in the Hindu
marriage law, 195 ; modern survivals
of, 195. Local wc/Zrt'j'— Bhutan, ii.
412 ; in the Himalayan mountain
tribes, v. 413 ; the Hindu Rush tribes,
V. 419 ; Jaunsar Bawar, vii. 161 ;
Lahul, vii. 421, viii. 421 ; Runawar,
viii. 362 ; Ladakh, viii. 398, 399 ;
among the Rallars in Madura, ix. 127 ;
the Nairs in Malabar, ix. 227, 228 ;
the Todas, x. 310 ; in Seoraj, xii. 316.
Pomegranates, grown in Allahabad, i. 190;
Baluchistan, ii. 36 ; Chintamani-pet,
iii. 419; EUichpur, iv. 345 ; Randahar,
vii. 391; Rangra, vii. 412; Rashmir,
viii. 71 ; Rhairpur, viii. 136; Ruram,
viii. 369; Lahore, viii. 410; Larkhana,
viii. 463 ; Muzaffargarh, x. 57 ; N.-W.
Provinces, x. 382; Peshawar, xi. 159;
Safed Roh Mountains, xii. 99 ; Shah-
pur, xii. 360 ; Sind, xii. 520 ; Tavoy,
xiii. 232.
Ponampet, village in Coorg, xi. 197.
Ponani, village and tdhik in Madras, xi.
197, 198.
Ponani, river in Madras, xi. 198.
Pondamalai. See Punamallu.
Pondicherr}', French Settlement, xi. 19S,
199 ; Roman Catholic Mission, article
R
258
INDEX.
' India,' vi. 259 ; ineffectual siege of,
by Boscawen's fleet and a land force
under Lawrence (1748), 379 ; siege of,
and capitulation to Coote (1760),
380.
Ponies, article 'India,' vi. 521. Local
notices — Ahmadnagar, i. loo ; Bhutan,
ii. 414 ; Dharwar, iv. 262 ; Kolaba,
viii. 261 ; Manipur, ix. 331 ; Spiti,
xiii. 73 ; Thar and Parkar, xiii. 264.
Ponnani. See Ponani.
Pon-na-reip, village in Lower Burma, xi.
199.
Ponne. See Poini.
Ponneri, town and taluk in Madras, xi.
199, 200.
Poodoocottah. See Pudukottai.
Pooloo. See Pulu.
Poona, District in Bombay, xi. 200-210;
physical aspects, 200 ; history, 200-204;
population, 204, 205 ; agriculture, 205-
208 ; natural calamities, 208 ; com-
munications, 208 ; trade, 20S, 209 ;
administration, 209 ; medical aspects,
210.
Poona, city in Bombay, xi. 210-214.
Poona, Treaty of (1817), article 'India,'
vi. 402.
Poonamallee. See Punamallu.
Poon-na-riep. See Pon-na-reip.
Pooree. See Puri,
Poo-zwon-doung. See Pu-zun-daung.
Popham, Sir Home, made treaty with
the chief at Aden (1802), i. 16.
Popham, Captain, storm of Gwalior fort
during the first Maratha war, article
' India,' vi. 391. Local notices— Took
Bijaigarh (17S1), ii. 423 ; stormed
Lahar (1780), viii. 400.
Poppy, Cultivation of. See Opium.
Popular Vishnuism, vi. 217.
Population of India, article ' India,' vi.
chap. ii. pp. 43-52. General survey of
the people, 43 ; the feudatory chiefs
and their powers, 43 ; the twelve
British Provinces, 44; Census of 1872
and of 1881, 44, 45 ; population tables
of British, Feudatory, and Foreign
India, 44, 45 ; density of the popula-
tion, 46 ; absence of large towns, 46 ;
over-crowded districts, 46, 47 ; under-
peopled tracts, 47 ; immobility of the
Indian peasant, 47 ; nomadic system of
tillage, 47, 48 ; relation of labour to
land in the last century, and at the pre-
sent day, 48, 49 ; serfdom, 49 ; un-
equal division of the people, 49, 50 ;
increase of population since 1872, 50;
ethnical history of India, 51 ; fourfold
division of the people, into Ar)-ans,
non-Aryans, mixed Hindus, and Mu-
hammadans, 51, 52; population tables
for 1 88 1, 51 (footnote), and Appendices
I.-X., 689-703. See also the Popula-
tion section in the articles on each Dis-
trict, Native State, and town ; and
especially Aboriginal tribes, Christian
population, and each great caste or
tribe, such as Brahmans, Chamars,
Pathans, and Rajputs.
Porakad, town in Travancore, xi. 214.
Porayar. See Tranquebar.
Porbandar, State in Kathiawar, xi. 214-
216.
Porbandar, town and port in Kathiawar,
xi. 216.
Porcelain clay. See Kaolin.
Porcupines, found on Mount Abu, i. 6 ;
in North Arcot, i. 312 ; South Arcot,
i. 320 ; Benares, ii. 255 ; Cuddapah,
iv. 48 ; Etawah, iv. 370 ; Gwalior, v.
229 ; Jalpaiguri, vii. 109 ; Kadur, vii.
283 ; North Kanara, vii. 370 ; Kangra,
vii. 413 ; Karnul, viii. 35 ; Kashmir,
viii. 68 ; Kathiawar, viii. 96 ; Lark-
hana, viii. 463 ; Madras Presidency,
ix. 90 ; Moradabad, ix. 505 ; Nalla-
malai Hills, x. 185 ; Nilgiri Hills, x.
308 ; Punjab, xi. 259 ; Sandur, xii.
206 ; the Sundarbans, xiii. 109 ; Wiin,
xiii. 539.
Porcupine quills, Articles made from, at
Vizagapatam, xiii. 494-498.
Porpoises. See Dolphins.
Port Blair. See Andaman Islands.
Port Canning, unsuccessful harbour near
Calcutta, xi. 216-221.
Porto Novo, town, harbour, and battle-
field in Madras, xi. 221, 222.
Ports, Achra, i. 12 ; Aden, i. 15-24 ;
Adrampet, i. 27 ; Agashi, i. 58 ;
Akyab, i. 158-160 ; Alibagh, i. 166;
Alleppi, i. 200 ; Allur cum Kotta-
patnam, i. 201 ; Ports Blair, Campbell,
and Cornwallis in the Andaman Islands,
i. 281, 282 ; Anjanwel, i. 290; Ankola,
i. 293 ; Antora, i. 293, 294 ; Balasor,
ii. II ; Bandamurlanka, ii. 56 ;
Bandra, ii. 57, 58 ; Bankot, ii. 77, 78 ;
Barkur, ii. 156, 157; Barwa, ii. 178;
Bassein, ii. 201, 202 ; Bauliari, ii. 216 ;
Bavanapadu, ii. 217 ; Belapur, ii.
230 ; Belikeri, ii. 240 ; Beypur, ii.
335 ; Bhagwa, ii. 354 ; Bhandup, ii.
368 ; Bhaunagar, ii. 381, 382 ; Bili-
mora, ii. 457, 458 ; Bimlipatam, ii.
460, 461 ; Bombay, iii. 73-84; Boria,
iii. 89; Broach, iii. 112-I15; Bulsar,
iii. 149 ; Calcutta, iii. 255, 256, 261,
262 ; Calicut, iii. 268-270 ; Cambaj-,
iii. 273, 274; Cannanore, iii. 275,
276 ; Chandbali, iii. 358; Chendia,
iii. 3S0 ; Chhanuya, iii. 394, 395 ; Chitta-
gong, iii. 444-446 ; Churaman, iii.
460, 461 ; Cocanada, iii. 472 ; Cochin,
iv. I1-13 ; Coringa, iv. 42, 43 ; Cud-
INDEX.
259
dalore, iv. 45, 46 ; Dabhol, iv. 76, 77 ;
Dahanu, iv. 95 ; Daman, iv. 102 ;
Dativre, iv. 157 ; Degam, iv. 166,
167 ; Dehej, iv. 167 ; Deogarh, iv.
233 ; Dhamra, iv. 241, 242 ; Dholera,
iv. 271 ; Diamond Harbour, iv. 284 ;
Dwarka, iv. 327 ; False Point, iv. 390,
391 ; Gangawali, iv. 466 ; Ganjam,
V. 9 ; Ghorbandar, v. 74, 75 ; Nova
Goa, V. 108, 109; Gogo, V. 137, 138;
Gopalpur, v. 161, 162 ; Hangarkatta,
V. 310 ; Harnai, v. 340 ; Honawar,
V, 439, 440 ; Isakapalli, vii. 24 ;
Ittamukkala, vii. 28 ; Iviker, vii.
29 ; Jafarabad, vii. 39 ; Jaigarh,
vii. 45, 46 ; Jailapur, vii. 71 ; Jakhan,
vii. 74 ; Jodhia, vii. 234 ; Kalai, vii.
322 ; Kalingapatam, vii. 330 ; Kal-
yan, vii. 346, 347 ; Kandapur, vii.
398, 399; Karachi, vii. 452-460;
Karikal, viii. 1 1 ; Karwar, viii. 54-56 ;
Kasaragod, viii. 58 ; Kayalpatnam,
viii. 108 ; KayenkoLim, viii. 108 ;
Keisi, viii. iii, 112; Keti, viii. 118-
220 ; Kherna, viii. 199 ; Khun, viii.
210 ; Kodinar, viii. 240 ; Kolachel,
viii. 271, 272; Kolak, viii. 272;
Koteshwar on the Kori, viii. 298 ;
Kotar, viii. 309, 310 ; Kulasekhara-
patnam, viii. 332 ; Kumpta, viii. 360,
361 ; KupiH, viii. 367 ; Kyauk-pyu,
viii. 389, 390 ; Laichanpur, viii. 423 ;
!Machhgaon, viii. 533 ; IVIadhapur, viii.
541 ; Madras, ix. 111-114; Mahad, ix.
153) 154; Mahim,ix. 180, 181; Mahul,
ix. 185, 186; Mahurigaon, ix. 187;
Mahuwa, ix. 187 ; Malwan, ix. 272,
273; Mandoi, ix. 310; Mandwa, ix.
311 ; Mangalore, ix. 313, 314; Mang-
rol, ix. 316, 317; Manori, ix. 339;
Marmagao, ix. 347, 348 ; Maroli, ix.
348 ; Masulipatam, ix. 352-357; Maul-
main, ix. 370-372; Mergui, ix. 41 1,
412 ; Miani (Kathiawar), ix. 422 ;
Mora, ix. 503, 504 ; Morrellganj,
ix. 518; Motupalli, ix. 521, 522;
ISIulki, ix. 538 ; Mundra, x. 14 ;
Murdeswar, x. 17 ; Nagar, x. 155 ;
Narakal, x. 203 ; Narsapur, x. 214,
215; Navpur, x. 246; Nawanagar
(Bedi), X. 253, 254 ; Nawibandar, x.
255 ; Negapatam, x. 258, 259 ; Nevti,
X. 292 ; Nizampatam, x. 338; Pambam,
xi. 23 ; Panwel, xi. 52, 53 ; Pen, xi.
131, 132 ; Pentakota, xi. 134; Ponani,
xi. 197, 198 ; Porbandar, xi. 216 ;
Port Canning, xi. 216-221 ; Porto Novo,
xi. 221, 222; Puri, xi. 308; Purn-
garh, xi. 321 ; Quilandi, xi. 338, 339;
Quilon, xi. 339, 340 ; Rai, xi. 348 ;
Rajapur, xi. 384, 385 ; Rander, xi.
468, 469; Rangoon, xi. 485-488;
Ratnagiri, xii. 12, 13; Redi, xii. 41 ;
Rewadanda, xii. 44, 45 ; Rewas, xii.
56 ; Rohar, xii. 60 ; Chitakul, xii. 92 ;
Salaya, xii. 149, 150 ; Saratha, xii.
262, 263; .Satpati, xii. 287, 2S8 ;
Shirali, xii. 407 ; Sonapur, xiii. 58 ;
.Sonmiani, xiii. 61 ; .Sriwardhan xiii.
83 ; Subarnarekha, xiii. 85 ; Sural,
xiii. 132-136; Tadri, xiii. 160;
Tankari, xiii. 198 ; Tanur, xiii. 199 ;
Tarapur, xiii. 212 ; Tavoy, xiii. 234 ;
Tellicherri, xiii. 237, 238 ; Thai, xiii.
247; Thana, xiii. 258, 259; Tranquebar,
xiii. 340, 341 ; Trombay, xiii. 370 ;
Tuna, xiii. 382 ; Tuticorin, xiii. 385,
386 ; Umbargaon, xiii. 422 ; Upleta,
xiii. 438 ; Utan, xiii. 454 ; Vengurla,
xiii. 469, 470 ; Verawal, xiii. 472 ;
Vesava, xiii. 472, 473 ; Vizagapatam,
xiii. 497, 49S ; Viziadrug, xiii. 498,
499 ; Wawanya, xiii. 534.
Portuguese in India, article ' India,' vi.
356-361 ; Covilham, 357 ; Vasco de
Gama, 357, 358 ; Cabral, 358 ; Fran-
cisco de Almeida, 359 ; Albuquerque,
359, 360 ; oppressions of, 359, 360 ;
downfall of, 360 ; Portuguese Indian
possessions in 1871, 361 ; mixed de-
scendants, 361; defeat of the Portu-
guese fleet at Swally off Surat (1615),
366 ; temporary expulsion of, from
Bengal, 368, 369 ; early Portuguese
trade with India, 560. Local notices —
Aden, i. 16; Agashi, i. 58; inArakan,
i. 151, 152; Martaban, i. 236; Bandel,
ii. 57 ; Barkalur, ii. 156 ; Bassein
(Wasim), ii. 191 ; Bengal, ii. 279 ;
Beypur, ii. 335 ; Bhatkal, ii. 377 ;
Bombay, iii. 37; Broach, iii. 113;
Calicut, iii. 269, 270 ; Cannanore, iii.
276 ; Chaul, iii. 376 ; Chittagong, iii.
435> 436; Cochin, iv. 3, 11 ; Daman,
iv. 101-104; Diu, iv. 305-308;
Firinghi Bazar, iv. 436 ; Ghorbandar,
V. 75; Goa, V. 87-106; Honawar, v.
440 ; Hugh', v. 491, 499, 500 ; Kay Ian,
vii 347 ; Karanja, vii. 467 ; Karnala,
viii. 29 ; Karwar, viii. 55 ; Kodun-
galur, viii. 241 ; in the Konkan, viii.
290 ; in Madras Presidency, ix. 12 ;
founded Saint Thome (1504), ix. 104 ;
Mahim, ix. 180; in Malabar, ix. 221 ;
Mangalore, ix. 313; Negapatam, x.
259, xiii. 183; Noakhali, x. 341-343;
Porakad, xi. 214; Porto Novo, xi.
222 ; Quilon, xi. 340; Rander, xi. 468,
469 ; Rewadanda, xii. 44 ; Sadashiv-
garh, xii. 92 ; St. Thomas' Mount, xii.
143 ; Salsette, xii. 169 ; Sandwip
Island, xii. 210; Surat, xiii. 120, 121 ;
Syriam, xiii. 158; Tatta, xiii. 219;
Thana, xiii. 258; Tinnevelli, xiii. 300 ;
Tuticorin, xiii. 385 ; Vesava, xiii.
473. See also Factories, Forts, and
26o
INDEX.
the names of the chief Portuguese
leaders.
Portuguese Possessions, xi. 222, 223.
See also Daman, Diu, and Goa.
Porus, Defeat of, by Alexander the
Great, vi. 164 ; the battle-field identi-
fied with Chilianwala, iii. 415.
Postans, Mr., quoted, on the trade of
Shikarpur in 1S41, xii. 395; on the
foundation of Tatta, xiii. 219.
Postin or sheepskin cloaks, made in
Afghanistan, i. 39 ; Ghazni, v. 72.
Post-Vedic Gods, Rise of, vi. 97, 98 ;
the Hindu triad, 98.
Potanur, railway station in Madras, xi.
223.
Potatoes, Cultivation of, in the Himalayas,
article ' India,' vi. 9. Local notices —
Cultivated on Mount Abu, i. 7 ; in
Assam, i. 362; Bardwan, ii. 130;
Bhutan, ii. 413 ; Bombay, iii. 53 ;
Upper Burma, iii. 210; Cawnpur, iii.
285 ; Cherra Punji, iii. 393 ; Chhind-
wara, iii. 401 ; Chikalda, iii. 408 ;
Chittagong Hill Tracts, iii. 451 ;
Coimbatore, i'v. 18 ; Darjiling, iv. 134 ;
Deoria, iv. 206; Devanhalli, iv. 231 ;
Farukhabad, iv. 413 ; Gaya, v. 49 ;
Goa, v. 93 ; Haidarabad, - v. 245 ;
Hazara, v. 365 ; Jabalpur, vii. 2)Z 5
Jessor, vii. 187 ; Kaimganj, vii, 298 ;
Kaiti, vii. 310; Kangra, vii. 424;
Khasi Hills, viii. 171-177 ; Khyrim,
viii. 215 ; Kolar, viii. 276 ; Kumaun,
viii. 354.; Lakhimpur, viii. 433 ;
Madras, ix. 30; INIahram, ix. 185;
Mao-san-ram, ix. 343 ; Mysore, x.
ICO ; Nasik, x. 232 ; Nepal, x. 277 ;
Nilgiri Hills, x. 313; N.-W. Pro-
vinces, X. 375, 382 ; Palni Mountains,
xi. 19 ; Phagu, xi. 162 ; Puri, xi. 306 ;
Rangpur, xi. 496 ; Rawal Pindi, xii.
29 ; Satara, xii. 2S0 ; Sibsagar, xii.
466 ; Simla, xii. 493 ; Taung-ngu, xiii.
225 ; Tavoy, xiii. 231 ; Wellington,
xiii. 536.
Potegaon, chiefship in Central Provinces,
xi. 223.
Potikall, chiefship in Central Provinces,
xi. 223.
Potstone, found or quarried in :— Chital-
drug, iii. 423 ; Hassan, v. 346 ; Mysore,
X. 114; Salem, xii. 153; Tumkiir, xiii.
376.
Potstone wares, made at Bhandara, ii.
365.,
Potter's clay. See Kaolin.
Pottery, article ' India,' vi. 608 ; 628.
Local notices — Ahmadabad, i. 96
Akyab, i. 157; Alaipur, i. 161 ; AH
ganj Sewan, i. 167 ; Aligarh, i. 178
Arakan Hill Tracts, i. 302 ; South
Arcot, i. 326 ; Ami, i. 331 ; Assam,
i. 367 ; Badin, i. 409 ; Baghdanga,
i. 416 ; Bakarganj, i. 447 ; Bardwan,
ii. 132 ; Pattan in Baroda, ii. 159 ;
Bassein, i. 198; Betul, ii. 334; Bikaner,
ii. 442 ; Bulsar, iii. 149 ; Lower Burma,
iii. 198; Upper Burma, iii. 217; Cham-
paran, iii. 343 ; Chandpur, iii. 361 ;
Chapra, iii. 370 ; Chittagong, iii. 441 ;
Dacca, iv. 86; Darbhangah, iv. 125;
Darrang, iv. 148 ; Delhi, iv. 197 ; Dewa,
iv. 235 ; Dhandhi'ika, iv. 243 ; Dharam-
pur, iv. 249 ; Dhrangadra, iv. 279 ;
Doung-gyi, iv. 315 ; Faridpur, iv.
397 ; Garo Hills, v. 31 ; Gaya, v. 50;
Goalpara, v. 117 ; Haidarabad (Sind),
v. 282 ; New Hala, v. 294 ; Hantha-
wadi, V. 316 ; Hugh, v. 496 ; Inchal-
karanji, v. 510 ; Jehlam, vii. 175 ;
in Jessor, vii. 186; Jhajjar, vii. 197;
xii. 75 ; Jhalod, vii. 203 ; South
Kanara, vii. 376; Kesabpur, viii. 117 ;
Khairpur, viii. 135 ; Khanpur, viii.
164 ; Khasi Hills, viii. 178 ; Kohat,
viii. 248 ; Kolar, viii. 277 ; Kolhapur,
viii. 2S4 ; Krishnagar, viii. 317, x.
I3S> 137 ;, Kwon-chan-gon, viii. 382 ;
Kyauk-pyu, viii. 387, 3SS ; Lakhim-
pur, viii. 434 ; Than, viii. 441 ;
Lohardaga, viii. 485 ; Lucknow Dis-
trict, viii. 500, city, viii. 516 ; Makhi,
ix. 215 ; Monghyr, ix. 487 ; Multan,
X. 13 ; Parseoni, xi. 67 ; Anhilwara
Patan, xi. 82 ; Find Dadan Khan, xi.
I S3 ; Puri, xi. 308 ; Raichur, xi. 360 ;
Rampur, xi. 45S, 459 ; Rangoon, xi.
479 ; Rohri, xii. 65 ; Saran, xii. 257 ;
Sarguja, xii. 268 ; Sawantwari, xii.
297 ; Sehwan, xii. 306 ; Kanhiwara
in Seoni, xii. 313 ; Shimoga, xii. 404 ;
Shvve-gyin, xii. 433 ; Sialkot, xii. 448 ;
.Sirsa, xiii. 20 ; Susumau, xiii. 139 ;
Sylhet, xiii. 154; Tando Muhammad
Khan, xiii. 179 ; Tavoy, xiii. 233 ;
Thana, xiii. 237 ; Tipperah, xiii. 319 ;
Tumkiir, xiii. 379 ; T\van-te, xiii.
386, 387.
Pottinger, Major Eldred, defended Chari-
kar in first Afghan war, i. 34.
Pottinger, Sir Henry, Governor of
Madras (1848-54), ix. 67; made
commercial treaty with the Mirs of
Sind (1832), xii. 514.
Poung-day. See Paung-deh.
Poung-loung. See Paung-laung.
Powell, Col., his defeat of Shamsher
Bahadur, iii. 156.
Powlett, Major, quoted on Tijara, xiii.
294.
Pownar. See Paunar.
Practical faith of the Hindus, its tolerance
and fairness to Christianity, vi. 226, 227.
Pradhans or bards of the Gonds in
Mandla, ix. 304.
INDEX.
261
Prakaska, town in Bombay, xi. 223.
Pranhita, river in Central Provinces, xi.
223.
Pratapgarh. See Partabgarh.
Pratapgarh, estate in Central Provinces,
xi. 224.
Pratapgiri. See Kimedi.
Pratapnagar, village in Bengal, xi. 224.
Pratap Rao, Sivaji's general, first exacted
chauth in Berar (1671), iii. 144.
Prattipadii, village in Madras, xi. 224.
Pre-Ayran kingdoms in Northern India,
vi. 184 ; pre-Ayran civilisation, 328,
329.
Pre-BuddhisticScythianinflences in India,
connection of the Horse Sacrifice with
the Man Sacrifice of pre - Buddhistic
India, vi. 175, 176 ; 183, 184; Scythic
and Naga influences on Hinduism, and
on the religious and domestic life of
modern India, 189, 199.
Precious metals in India, imports of
treasure, article ' India,' vi. 562, 568,
569 ; gold-mining, 624, 625. See also
Gold.
Precious stones, article ' India,' vi. 9 ;
606; 628, 629; 639. ^tvalso Diamonds,
Garnets, Opals, Rubies, Sapphires, and
Turquoises.
Predatory hill races ; their conversion
from marauding tribes into peaceful
cultivators and good soldiers, vi. 71-73.
Premtoli, village in Bengal, xi. 224.
Prendergast, Colonel, defeated Viziaram
Raz of Vizianagram at Padmanabham
(1794), X. 525, xiii. 486.
Presbyterian Missions, article ' India,' vi.
261. 6'^d' also Protestant Missions.
Presidencies, Bengal, ii. 268 ; Bombay,
iii. 34-73 ; Madras, ix. 1-102.
Price's description of old Calcutta, quoted,
iii. 244, 245.
Price, Mary, curious inscription on her
tomb in Surat, xiii. 135.
Prices of staple articles of food. See
Agricultural section of each several
District article.
Pridhiman Sah, Raja of Garhwal (1803),
iv. 171, V. 18.
Primary education, article ' India,' vi.
477) 478. See also the Administrative
section of each District article, and
Campbell, Sir George, his reforms in
Bengal.
Primitive Ayran burial, article ' India,'
vi. 85-87.
Primrose, General J. M., in command at
Kandahar (April 1880), and besieged
there (August 1880), vii. 395, 396.
Prince of Wales' visit to India (1875-76),
article ' India,' vi. 426.
Prinsep, Henry T., Narrative of Political
and Alilitary Transactions of British
India under the I\Tarqiiis of Hastings,
quoted, article ' India,' vi. 317 (foot-
note).
Prinsep, James, first deciphered the in-
scriptions on the pillars of Raja Dhava
and Asoka at Delhi, iv. 189, 192 :
quoted, on the legend of Raja Rasalu of
Sialkot, xii. 451.
Printing presses. See the Administrative
section of each District article, and
especially Agra, i. 66 ; Ahmadabad, i.
93 ; Ajmere, i. 133 ; Ali'garh, i. 176 ;
Allahabad, i. 193 ; Amritsar, i. 262 ;
Assam, i. 372 ; Bellary, ii. 247 ; Bom-
bay, iii. 71 ; Lower Burma, iii. 207 ;
Cawnpur, iii. 293 ; Chinsurah, iii. 3S9;
Cochin, iv. 7 ; Dacca, iv. 87 ; Dehra
Dun, iv. 175 ; Ellichpur, iv. 347 ;
Etah, iv. 364 ; Hissar, v. 342 ; Hoshi-
arpur, v. 457 ; North Kanara, vii. 374;
South Kanara, vii. 382 ; Khandesh,
viii. 158; Kuch Behar, viii. 326;
Ludhiana, viii. 524 ; Madras, ix. 116;
Madura, ix. 131 ; Mainpuri, ix. 210;
Malabar, ix. 234 ; Maulmain, ix. 272 ;
Meerut, ix. 390 ; Midnapur, ix. 428,
431, 434; Mysore, x. 121 ; Nagarkoil,
x. 158; Nellore, x. 271; Oudh, x.
509; Saharanpur, xdi. 122; Sialkot,
xii. 448; Tinnevelli, xiii. 309; Trichino-
poli, xiii. 362 ; Trivandrum, xiii. 370.
Prithwi Narayan, his conquest of Nepal
(1768), and death (1771), x. 285.
Prithwi Raja, las; Chauhan ruler of
Ajmere and Delhi, defeated and put to
death by Muhammad Ghori (1193), i.
120, iv. 191 ; defeated Parmal Deo
(1183), iii. 154; lived at Chanar, iii.
346 ; built wall round Delhi, iv. 190 ;
built fort of Loni, viii. 190.
Prithwi Singh, called in the Marathas,
and by their help became ruler of
Garhakota, v. 13.
Pritzler, General, took Purandhar (1818),
xi. 298; stormed Sinhgarh (1818), xii.
544-
Proclamation of the Queen as Empress of
India, vi. 426.
Proddatar, town and taluk in Madras, xi.
224.
Products and Agriculture. See Agriculture
and Products.
Prome, District in Lower Burma, xi.
225-235 ; physical aspects, 225, 226 ;
histor)', 226-229 ; population, 229-231 ;
agriculture, 231, 232 ; manufactures,
232, 233 ; administration, 234, 235 ;
climate, 235.
Prome, town in Lower Burma, xi. 235-
237. .
Protection to person and property. See
Administrative section in each District
article.
262
INDEX.
Protestant Missions in India, article
' India,' vi. 259-269 ; first translation
of the Bible into the vernacular, 260 ;
Schwartz, Kiernander, Marshman,
Carey, and Ward, 260, 261 ; opposi-
tion of* the Company to Christian
missionaries, 260 ; withdrawal of the
Company's opposition, 260, 261 ;
Bishopric of Calcutta, 261 ; statistics
of Protestant Missions, 261-264. Local
notices : —
1. American Missions— (i) Baptist,
Maulmain, i. 242 ; Assam, i. 359 ;
Bassein, ii. 200, 201 ; Tura, v. 30, xiii.
384; Goalpara, v. 115, 119; Henzada,
V. 389; Kamrup, vii. 359, 360; among
the Karens, viii. 4, 6, 7 ; Lahore, viii.
408; Mergui, ix, 411 ; Midnapur, ix.
428, 434 ; Nellore, x. 273 ; Nowgong,
X. 410, 414 ; Ongole, x. 424 ; Pauri,
xi. 120 ; Prome, xi. 235 ; Rangoon,
xi. 481 ; Shahjahanpur, xii. 348 ;
Shwe-g}-in, xii. 431-434; Sibsagar; xii.
464 ; Taung-ngu, xiii. 226 ; Tavoy,
xiii. 233 ; Vizagapatam, xiii. 491.
(2) Methodist, Bahraich, i. 435. (3)
Methodist Episcopalian, Bijnaur, ii.
434; Budaun, iii. 123, 124; Lahore,
viii. 408 ; Moradabad, ix. 508. (4)
Lutheran, Guntiir, viii. 234 ; Rajama-
hendri, xi. 382. (5) Presbyterian,
Dehra, iv. 168, 176 ; Fatehgarh, iv.
421 ; jalandhar, vii. 92; Jehlam, vii.
171 ; Kulii, viii. 340; Ludhiana, viii.
526 ; Mainpuri, ix. 213 ; Rurki, xii.
119; Saharanpur, xii. 119; Sialkot,
xii. 444 ; Subathu, xii. 495, xiii. 85.
(6) Unspecified, Ahmadnagar, i. loi ;
Ambala, i. 225 ; North Arcot, i. 315 ;
Lucknow, viii. 527 ; Madura, ix. 126,
^^Sij 135; Ranipet, xi. 509; Sambhal,
xii. 187 ; Sonai, xiii. 57.
2. Australian Baptist Mission at
Faridpur, iv. 401, 407.
3. Baptist Missions, Benares, ii. 267;
Borsad, iii. 90 ; Chhagan Gobra, iii.
394 ; Cuttack, iv. 69 ; Dacca, iv.
83; Entalli, iv. 354; Karnul, viii. 37;
I^Iadras Presidency, ix. 23, 24, city, ix.
116; Monghyr, ix. 484; Serampur,
xii. 318; Twenty - four Parganas,
xiii. 393. See also American and
Australian.
4. Basel Mission, Anandapur, i. 272 ;
Dharwar, iv. 260, 266 ; Guledgarh, v.
197 ; Kaiti, vii. 310 ; South Kanara,
"^'ii- 379> 382 ; Malabar, ix. 228 ;
Mangalore, ix. 314 ; Merkara, ix. 414 ;
Palghat, X. 543.
5. Calvinistic Mission. See Welsh.
6. Canadian Presbyterian Mission,
Indore, vii. 8.
7. Church of England Mission,
Benares, ii. 267; Bulandshahr, iii. 141;
Calicut, iii. 268 ; Cannanore, iii. 276 ;
Darrang, iv. 145 ; Lohardaga, viii.
481; Lucknow, viii. 517; Narowal, x.
214 ; Tanjore, xiii. 186 ; Twenty-four
Parganas, xiii. 393.
8. Church of Scotland Mission,
North Arcot, i. 315 ; Darjiling, iv.
139; Madras, ix. ii6; Sialkot, xii.
445 ; Wazirabad, xiii. 535.
9. Church Missionary Society, Agar-
para, i. 57; Batala (college), ii. 216 ;
Dera Ismail Khan, iv. 225-227; Ed-
wardesabad, iv. 339 ; Ellore, iv. 352 ;
Haidarabad (Sind), v. 284 ; Kangra,
vii. 430 ; Masulipatam, viii. 234, ix.
354; Kotayam, viii. 310 ; Krishnagar
in Nadiya, viii. 317, x. 134 ; Lahore,
viii. 408 ; Madras Presidency, ix. 24,
25, city, ix. 116; Mihrpur, ix. 436;
Monghyr, ix. 484 ; Multan, x. 12 ;
Palamkotta, x. 535; Peshawar, ix. 151,
156 ; Santal Parganas, xii. 230 ; Shu-
jabad, xii. 426 ; Sikandra (orphanage),
xii. 481 ; Thakurpukur, xiii. 246 ;
Tinnevelli, xiii. 304 ; Travancore, xiii.
352 ; Trichi'ir, xiii. 365 ; Twenty-four
Parganas, xiii. 393.
10. Chutia Nagpur Mission, Lohar-
daga, viii. 481.
11. Danish Lutheran Missions, North
Arcot, i. 315 ; South Arcot, i. 322.
12. Episcopalian Missions. See
American Methodist, Church of Eng-
land, Church Missionary Society, and
Society for the Propagation of the
Gospel.
13. Evangelical Missions, Coimba-
tore, iv. 16 ; Gopalganj, v. 161.
14. Free Church Mission (Scotch),
Chengalpat, iii. 389 ; Chhindwara, iii.
403 ; Jalna, vii. 107 ; Kalna, vii. 340 ;
Nagpur, X. 174; Nellore, x. 265, 273;
Pachamba, x. 521.
15. German - Lutheran Missions,
Calicut, iii. 268 ; Cannanore, iii. 276 ;
Chamarlakota, iii. 328 ; Chapra, iii.
370, xii. 254 ; Lohardaga, viii. 481 ;
Madras, ix. I16 ; Manbhum, ix. 282;
Nellore, x. 264 ; vSadras, xii. 94 ;
Sagar, xii. 104 ; Salem, xii. 165 ;
Singhbhum, xii. 536; Tanjore, xiii. 185;
Tranquebar (printing press), xiii. 341 ;
Trichinopoli, xiii. 365.
16. Irish Presbyterian Mission,
Rajkot, xi. 389.
17. Leipzig Mission, Coimbatore,
iv. 16.
18. London Mission, Atur, i. 383 ;
Bellary, ii. 249 ; Benares, ii. 267 ;
Coimbatore, iv. 16 ; Ernial, iv. 356 ;
Chikballapur in Kolar, viii. 278 ;
Madras, ix. 116; Mirzapur, ix. 462;
INDEX.
263
Mysore, x. 112; Nagarkoil, x. 158;
Salem, xii. 165 ; Tiavancore, xiii. 352;
Twenty-four Parganas, xiii. 393 ;
Vizagapatam, xiii. 491.
19. Lutheran Missions. See Ameri-
can, Basel, Danish, German, and
Leipzig Missions.
20. Moravian Mission, Kailang, vii.
296 ; Kye-lang, viii. 390, 391.
21. Presbyterian Missions. See
American, Canadian, Irish, Scotch,
and United Presbyterian Missions ;
also Allahabad (printing press), i. 193;
and Rawal Pindi, xii. 37, which are
unspecified.
22. Punjab Religious Book Society,
Lahore, viii. 408.
23. Santal Home Mission, the San-
tal Parganas, xii. 230.
24. Scotch Presbyterian Missions.
See Church of Scotland and Free
Church.
25. Society for the Propagation of
the Gospel in P'oreign Parts, Assam,
i. 359 ; Baruipur, ii. 177 ; Delhi, iv.
185 ; Henzada, v. 389, 390 ; Jamma-
lamadugu, vii. 129 ; Kanandagudi,
vii. 368 ; Karnal, viii. 23 ; Khari, viii.
167 ; Madras, ix. 24, 25 ; Pattukottai,
xi. 118; Radhapuram, xi. 344; Ram-
nad, xi. 451 ; Rurki, xii. 86; Singh-
bhum, xii. 536 ; Tanjore, xiii. 186 ;
Tinnevelli, xiii. 304 ; Trichinopoli,
xiii. 365 ; Twenty-four Parganas, xiii.
393-
26. United Presbyterian 31ission,
Ajmere, i. 130.
27. Welsh Calvinistic Mission,
Sylhet, i. 359 ; Nong Saulia, near
Cherra Punji, iii. 392, 393 ; Khasi and
Jaintia Hills, viii. 179 ; Maw-phlang,
ix. 343 ; Sheila, xii. 378.
28. Wesleyan Mission, Madras, ix.
116; Mannargudi, ix. 338; Mysore,
X. 112 ; Negapatam, X. 258; Rangpur,
xi. 494 ; Sadras, xii. 94 ; Tanjore, xiii.
186; Trichinopoli, xiii. 365; Tumkur,
xiii. 377, 382.
29. Zenana Mission, Lahore, viii.
408 ; Nadiya, x. 134 ; Twenty-four
Parganas, xiii. 393.
30. Unspecified Missions, Akola, i.
147 ; AUeppi, i. 200 ; Hoshiarpur, v.
457 ; Mutliialpad and Nandial in
Karnul, viii. 37 ; Palakollu, x. 534.
Prother, Col., took Lohgarh (1818), viii.
488 ; and Mahad, ix. 154.
Provinces of British India, Ajmere-Mer-
wara, i. 117-131 ; Assam, i. 341-374;
Behar, ii. 223-227 ; Bengal, ii. 269-
323 ; Bombay, iii. 34 - 73 ? Lower
Burma, iii. 167-209 ; Upper (formerly
Independent) Burma, iii. 209 - 229 ;
Central Provinces, iii. 297-323 ; Coorg,
iv. 28-42; Gujarat, v. 179; Berar
(Haidarabad Assigned Districts), v.
258-274; Madras, ix. i - 102 ; N.-\V.
Provinces and Oudh, x. 354-404;
Orissa, x. 426-468; Oudh, x. 479-510;
Punjab, xi. 243 - 293 ; Rajputana, xi.
395-424; Sind, xii. 502-525.
Provincial administration, ' Regulation
and ' Non-Regulation ' territory, Dis-
trict officers and their duties, article
' India,' vi. 434-437-
Prussian and Embden East India Com-
panies (1750 and 1753), Dutch and
English jealousy of, and their downfall,
vi. 374-376.
Ptolemy, the Greek geographer, quoted
or referred to, on Amber, i. 228 ; the
Andaman Islands, i. 283 ; Andhra, i.
287 ; Arcot, i. 308 ; Banavasi, ii. 45,
xii. 400; Bassein, ii. 194; his 'Golden
Chersonese,' the delta of the Irawadi,
iii. 172, 220 ; Calimere Point, iii. 270;
Pushkalavati, iii. 373; Chaul, iii. 376;
Chola, iii. 455 ; Dipalpur, iv. 304 ;
Dravida, iv. 316 ; Ghorbandar, v. 74,
75 ; thg, Himalaya Mountains, v. 401 ;
the Jehiam, vii. 165; Kaladgi, vii. 315;
Kaliiijar, vii. 331 ; the Savars, vii.
401; Karur, viii. 51; Kayal, viii. 107,
286 ; Kolaba, viii. 262 ; the Konkan,
viii. 290 ; the Kori, viii. 298 ; Kotar,
viii. 309; the Pandyan kingdom, ix.
122, xi. 42; Maharashtra, ix. 166; the
Maldive Islands, ix. 250 ; Masura, ix.
357 ; Mro-haung, ix. 523 ; Multan, x.
3 ; Muttra, x. 43 ; the Narbada, x.
207 ; Nevti, x. 292 ; Nosari, x. 405 ;
Oudh, X. 484 ; Paithan, x. 530 ; Surat,
xiii. 120; the Sutlej, xiii. 141; Uraiyur
(Trichinopoli), xiii. 364.
Public Works expenditure, article ' India,'
vi. 469, 470. See also Means of com-
munication. Railway systems, Roads,
Canals, etc.
Pubna. See Pabna.
Pudukottai, Native State in Madras, xi.
237. 238.
Pudukottai, chief town of State in
Madras, xi. 238.
Pukhra, town in Oudh, xi. 239.
Pulali. See Palali.
Pulgaon, railway station in Central Pro-
vinces, xi. 239.
Puliangudi, town in Madras, xi. 239.
Puliars, wild aboriginal tribe in Madras,
article ' India,' vi. 55. Local notices —
Anaimudi, i. 268 ; Anamalai Hills, i.
271 ; Coimbatore, iv. 17 ; Palni Moun-
tains, xi. 18.
Pulicat, town in Madras, earliest Dutch
settlement in India, xi. 239, 240.
Pulikonda, village in Madras, xi. 240.
264
INDEX.
Pulivendala, town and tdluk in Madras,
xi. 240.
Pullampet, town and taluk in Madras,
xi. 240, 241.
Pulney. See Palni.
Pulses, Cultivation of, article ' India,' vi.
489. Local 7iotices — Mount Abu, i. 7 ;
Agra, i. 64 ; Ahmadabad, i. 90 ;
Ahmadnagar, i. 103 ; Ajmere-RIer-
wara, i. 125 ; Akalkot, i. 137 ; Akola,
i. 143, 144; Aligarh, i. 175; Allah-
abad, i. 189 ; Alwar, i. 205 ; Ambala,
i. 220 ; Amraoti, i. 247 ; Amritsar, i.
259; North Arcot, i. 316; South
Arcot, i. 323 ; Assam, i. 362 ; Aundh,
i. 384 ; Azamgarh, i. 39S ; Bakarganj,
i. 445 ; Balasinor, i. 460 ; Ballia, ii.
21 ; Bamra, ii. 42 ; Banda, ii. 50 ;
Bangalore, ii. 63 ; Bankura, ii. 83 ;
Bannu, ii. 94 ; Bard wan, ii. 130 ;
Bareilly, ii. 142; Basti, ii. 211 ; Bel-
gaum, ii, 235 ; Bellary, ii. 245 ;
Benares, ii. 258 ; Bengal, ii. 271 ;
Betul, ii. 331; Bhandara, ii. 364;
Birbhum, iii. 5 ; Bogra, iii. 29 ;
Bombay, iii. 53 ; Bonai, iii. 86 ;
Borasambar, iii. 89 ; Broach, iii. 107 ;
Budaun, iii. 120 ; Bulandshahr, iii.
156, 157; Buldana, iii. 146; Bundel-
khand, iii. 152 ; Bundi, iii. 159 ; Upper
Burma, iii. 210 ; Cachar, iii. 236 ;
Cambay, iii. 271 ; Cawnpur, iii. 2S5 ;
Central India, iii. 291 ; Champaran,
iii. 341 ; Chanda, iii. 352 ; Chandra-
pur, iii. 365 ; Chengalpat, iii. 386 ;
Chitaldrug, iii. 425 ; Chittagong, iii.
439; Coimbatore, iv. 18; Cuddapah,
iv. 52 ; Cutch, iv. 61 ; Cuttack, iv.
71 ; Dacca, iv. 85 ; Daphla Hills, iv.
119; Darjiling, iv. 134; Delhi, iv.
183; Dera Ghazi Khan, iv. 214;
Dera Ismail Khan, iv. 224 ; Dhar, iv.
246 ; Dharampur, iv. 249 ; Dharwar,
iv. 263 ; Dinajpur, iv. 294 ; Dungar-
pur, iv. 323 ; Ellichpur, iv. 345 ;
Etawah, iv. 374; Faizabad, iv. 384;
Faridpur, iv. 403 ; Fatehpur, iv. 427 ;
Firozpur, iv. 443 ; Garo Hills, v. 30 ;
Gaya, v. 49 ; Ghazipur, v. 67 ; Goda-
vari, V. 127; Gonda, v. 152; Goona,
v. 159; Gorakhpur, v. 169; Gujran-
wala, V. 184; Gujrat, v. 193 ; Gurdas-
pur, V. 210, 211; Gurgaon, v. 220;
Gwalior, v. 228 ; Hamirpur, v. 302 ;
Hazaribagh, v. 375 ; Hissar, v. 430 ;
Hoshiarpur, v. 455 ; Hugli, v. 494 ;
Indore, vii. 2 ; Jaipur, vii. 52 ; Jalal-
abad, vii. 75 ; jalandhar, vii. 88 ;
Jalaun, vii. 98 ; Jamkhandi, vii. 127 ;
Jath, vii. 148; Jaunpur, vii. 155;
Jessor, vii. 187 ; Jhabua, vii. 195 ;
Jhang, vii. 210 ; Jhansi, vii. 223 ;
Jodhpur, vii. 23S ; Junagarh, vii. 262 ;
Kaira, vii. 303; Kaladgi, vii. 317;
Kamrup, vii. 372 ; South Kanara, vii.
380 ; Karauli, vii. 472 ; Karnal, viii.
24 ; Karnul, viii. 37 ; Karond, viii.
46 ; Kashmir, viii. 72 ; Kathi, viii.
87; Khairagarh, viii. 130; Khairpur,
viii. 136; Khandesh, viii. 156; Khasi
Hills, viii. 177; Kheri, viii. 193;
Khulna, viii. 207 ; Kistna, viii. 230 ;
Kohat, viii. 247 ; Kolabira, viii. 271 ;
Kolar, viii. 276 ; Kondka, viii. 288 ;
Korea, viii. 297 ; Kuch Behar, viii.
323 ; Kiilu, viii. 342 ; Kumaun, viii.
354 ; Kurundwad, viii. 376 ; Lahore,
viii. 410; Lakhimpur, viii. 433; Lalit-
pur, viii. 452, 453 ; Larkhana, viii.
463 ; Lohardaga, viii. 483 ; Lucknow,
viii. 497 ; Ludhiana, viii. 522 ; Madras
Presidency, ix. 30, 87, 88 ; Madura,
128, 129 ; Maimansingh, ix. 195 ;
Mainpuri, ix. 208 ; Makrai, ix. 215 ;
Malabar, ix. 229 ; Maldah, ix. 244 ;
Western Malwa, ix. 269 ; Manbhum,
ix. 283 ; Manipur, ix. 331 ; Manpur,
ix. 339 ; Mansa, ix. 340 ; Meerut, ix.
387 ; Mehar, ix. 397 ; Midnapur, ix.
429; Miraj, ix. 440; Mirzapur, ix.
458; Montgomery, ix. 498; Morad-
abad, ix. 509 ; Mudhol, ix. 527 ; Mul-
tan, X. 7 ; Murshidabad, x. 26, 29 ;
Mutlra, X. 48 ; Muzaffargarh, x. 61 ;
Muzaffarnagar, x. 72 ; Mysore, x,
100; Nadiya, x. 135, 136; Nasik, x.
232 ; Nawanagar, x. 252 ; Nepal, x.
277; Noakhali, x. 347; N.-W. Pro-
vinces, X. 377; Nowgong, x. 411;
Orissa, x. 459 ; Oudh, x. 501 ; Pabna,
X. 515; Palanpur, x. 537; Panch
Mahals, xi. 32; Partabgarh, xi. 71;
Patna District, xi. loi. State, xi. 1 15 ;
Peshawar, xi. 153 ; Phaltan, xi. 164 ;
Phuljhar, xi. 168 ; Poona, xi. 207 ;
Porbandar, xi. 215; Punjab, xi. 278;
Puri, xi. 306 ; Raigarh, xi. 362 ;
Raipur, xi. 373 ; Rairakhol, xi. 37S ;
Rajputana, .xi. 418 ; Rajshahi, xi. 433 ;
Ramdrug, xi. 441 ; Ratnagiri, xii. 8 ;
Rawal Pindi, xii. 29 ; Rohtak, xii. 73 ;
Saharanpur, xii. 120; Salem, xii. 160;
Sangli, xii. 218; Santal Parganas, xii.
232 ; Saran, xii. 255 ; Sarangarh, xii.
260; Satara, xii. 281; Savanur, xii. 293;
.Sawantwari, xii. 296 ; Shahabad, xii.
329 ; Shajahanpur, xii. 349 ; Shahpur,
xii. 365 ; Shikarpur, xii. 393 ; Shola-
pur, xii. 415 ; Sialkot, xii. 446 ;
.Simla, xii. 493 ; Sind, xii. 520 ;
Sirohi, xiii. 5; Sirsa, xiii. 16; .Sita-
pur, xiii. 34 ; Sonpur, xiii. 63 ; Sultan-
pur, xiii. 100; Sunth, xiii. 1 14; Supa,
xiii. 116; Surat, xiii. 126; Sylhet,
xiii. 152; Tanjore, xiii. 188; Tarai,
xiii. 209 ; Thana, xiii. 255 ; Tinne-
INDEX.
265
velli, xiii. 306; Tipperah, xiii. 317;
Trichinopoli, xiii. 360 ; Tumkur, xiii.
378 ; Twenty-four Parganas, xiii. 394,
395 ; Udaipur, xiii. 402 ; Wainad, xiii.
510; Wao, xiii. 519; Wun, xiii. 543.
Pulu, creek in Lower Burma, xi. 241.
Pumice stone, found in Aden, i. 15.
Ptin, valuable timber tree, found in Bom-
bay, iii. 45 ; Cochin, iv. 2 ; Coorg,
iv. 32 ; Western Ghats, v. 59 ; Hassan,
V. 346 ; South Kanara, vii. 376 ;
Malabar, ix. 229 ; Padinalknad, x.
525 ; Shimoga, xii. 400 ; Travancore,
xiii. 344.
Puna. See Poona.
Punadra, petty State in Bombay, xi. 241.
Punakha, winter capital of Bhutan, xi.
241.
Punamallu, town and cantonment in
Madras, xi. 241, 242.
Punasa,town in Central Provinces, xi. 242.
Pundri, town in Punjab, xi. 242.
Pundur, tract in Punjab, xi. 242.
Punganur, town and estate in ISIadras, xi.
242, 243.
Punjab, Province under Lieut. -Governor,
xi. 243 - 293 ; physical aspects, 244-
259 ; mountain systems, 247 - 250 ;
the Sulaimans, 247 ; the Aravallis,
247 ; the Himalayan system, 247-249 ;
the Western Himalayas, 248 ; the
Mid - Himalayas, 248 ; the Outer
Himalayas, 248, 249 ; the hills of
Simla and Hazara, 249 ; the Siwaliks,
249 ; the Salt Range and Peshawar
Hills, 249, 250 ; the River system, 250-
252 ; the Jumna, 251 ; the Indus,
251 ; the Sutlej, 251 ; the Chenab,
251 ; the Beas and Ravi, 252 ; the
Jehlam, 252 ; the Punjab Plains, 252,
253 ; the Himalayan Tract, 253, 254 ;
the Submontane Tract, 254 ; the
Eastern Plains, 255, 256 ; the Western
Plains, 256, 257 ; natural divisions of
Western Plains, 257, 258 ; the Salt
Range Tract, 258 ; flora and fauna,
259 ; history, 259-267 ; the Mutiny,
267-270 ; form of administration, 270,
271 ; population, 271-277 ; the Punjab
'village,' 276 ; occupations of the
peo-ple, 277 ; agriculture, 277-2S6 ;
forests, 280; canals, 281; land ten-
ures, 281-286 ; commerce and trade,
286, 287 ; communications, 287 ; ad-
ministration, 2S8-291 ; jails and police,
288 ; revenue and expenditure, 289 ;
military, 290 ; education, 290 ; tem-
perature and climate, 291 ; rainfall,
292 ; medical aspects, 292, 293.
Punjab Native States, xi. 293-296 ; rela-
tions with Government, 293 ; area,
population, etc., 294 ; religion, 295 ;
race, 295 ; chiefs who are minors, 295.
Punnah. See Panna.
Pun-na-riep. See Pon-na-riep.
Punniar. See Panniar.
Punpun, river of Bengal, xi. 296.
Pur, town in Rajputana, xi. 296.
Puraiyar, town in Madras, xi. 296.
Puranas, The, their place in Indian
literature, vi. 216, 217.
Purandhar, Sub-division in Bombay, xi.
296, 297.
Purandhar, historic hill fort in Bombay,
xi. 297, 298.
Puranigudam, village in Assam, xi. 299.
Purara, chiefship in Central Provinces,
xi. 299,
Purchas, quoted, on the population of
Bengal, ii. 270 ; of Noakhali, x. 341 ;
on Pegu, xi. 126, 127 ; on Sandwip
Island in 1620, xii, 210 ; on Satgaon,
xii. 286.
Puri, District in Orissa, xi. 299-309 ;
physical aspects, 299-301; history,
301-303; population, 303-305; ma-
terial condition of the people, 305 ;
agriculture, 306, 307 ; natural calami-
ties, 307 ; manufactures, 308 ; admini-
stration, 308, 309 ; temperature, 309.
Purr, Sub-division in Orissa, xi. 309, 310.
Puri, sacred town in Orissa, xi. 310-320.
See also Jagannath and Orissa.
Purla Kimedi. See Parla Kimedi and
Kimedi.
Purna, river of Berar, xi. 320.
Purnabhaba, river of Bengal, xi. 320, 321.
Purnaiya, Diwan of Mysore, founded
Closepet (1800), iii. 471 ; his admini-
stration of Mysore (1799 - 1810), x.
95 ; called Papanalli, Srinivaspur,
after his son, xiii. 79 ; granted jdgir
of Yelandur by the British (1807), xiii.
552.
Purngarh, port in Bombay, xi. 321.
Purniah, District in Bengal, xi. 32 1 -33 1 ;
physical aspects, 321-323; rivers, 322,
323 ; wild animals, 323 ; history, 323,
324 ; population, 324-326 ; religion,
325, 326 ; urban and rural population,
326 ; agriculture, 326, 327 ; natural
calamities, 327, 328 ; manufactures,
328 ; means of communication, 329 ;
administration, 329, 330 ; medical
aspects, 330, 331.
Purniah, Sub-division in Bengal, xi. 331.
Purniah, town in Bengal, xi. 331, 332.
Purulia, town and Sub-division in Ben-
gal, xi. 332.
Purushottapur, town in Madras, xi. 332,
333;
Purvva, town, iahsil, and pargand \\\
Oudh, ZZZ-
Pus, river of Berar, xi. 334.
Pusa, Government village and tobacco
farm in Bengal, xi. 334.
!66
INDEX.
Pusad, town and tdluk in Berar, xi. 334,
335;
Pusesavli, town in Bombay, xi. 335.
Pushkar, sacred town and lake in Rajput-
ana, xi. 335.
Pushpa-giri, mountain peak in S. India,
xi- 335-
Putera. See Pitihra.
Puthanapuram, tdluk in Travancore, xi.
336.
Putur, town in Madras, xi. 336.
Pu-zun-daung, river in Lower Burma, xi.
336.
Pwo, one of the chief tribes of the
Karens, viii. 3 ; in Upper Burma, iii.
213.
Pya-ma-law, one of the mouths of the
Irawadi, xi. 336.
Pya-pun, township in Lower Burma, xi.
336.
Pya-pun, village and creek in Lower
Burma, xi. 337.
Pyaw-bhway, village in Lower Burma,
xi- 337-
Pyin-gado, valuable timber tree, found
in Akyab, i. 150; Amherst, i. 234;
Bassein, ii. 193 ; Lower Burma, iii.
204 ; Hanthawadi, v. 313 ; Henzada,
V. 384 ; Hlaing, v. 435 ; Hpaung-lin,
v. 466 ; on the Hpyu river, v. 466 ;
Kyauk-pyu, viii. 385 ; Pa-daung, x.
523 ; Prome, xi. 226 ; Rangoon, xi.
473 ; Sandoway, xii. 199 ; Shwe-gyin,
xii. 430 ; Taung-ngu, xiii. 221 ; Tavoy,
xiii. 228 ; Thayet-myo, xiii. 279.
Pykara, river in Madras, xi. 337.
Pyouk-seit, town in Lower Burma, xi.
337-
Pyrard, quoted, on the ladies of Goa, v.
102 ; shipwrecked on the Maldive
Islands (1602), his 'adventures,' xi.
249.
Pyu. See Hpyu.
Pyun-wa, creek in Lower Burma, xi. 337.
Quarries, Agra, i. 65 ; AhmaJabad, i.
84; Ajmere-Merwara, i. 1 19; Allah-
abad, i, 186; North Arcot, i. 312;
South Arcot, i. 327 ; Bachireddipalem,
i. 406 ; Banda, ii. 47 ; Bangalore, ii.
59 ; Bankura, ii. 79 ; Bhandara, ii.
361 ; Bhartpur, ii, 372 ; Bhatala, ii.
376 ; Bikaner, ii. 439 ; Bilaspur, ii.
452 ; Bombay Presidency, iii. 44 ;
Budaun, iii. 117 ; Chandausi, iii. 357 ;
Chitta Pahar, iii. 453 ; Coimbatore, iv.
15; Coorg, iv. 32; Cutch, iv. 60;
Danta, iv. 118; Dholpur, iv. 273;
Dowlaishvaram, iv. 315 ; Dungarpur,
iv. 322 ; Edar, iv. 337 ; Ganjam, v. 2 ;
Garhbon', v. 14 ; Garo Hills, v. 26 ;
Godavari, v. 123 ; Guledgarh, v. 197 ;
Gwalior, v. 227 ; Haidarabad State,
V. 241 ; Hassan, v. 346; Hoshangabad,
v. 443 ; Hoshiarpur, v. 452 ; Jabalpur,
vii- 35 ; Jafarabad, vii. 39 ; Jaintia
Hills, vii. 49 ; Jaipur, vii. 52 ; Jalpai-
guri, vii. 109; J^^mbulghata, vii. 121 ;
Janjira, vii. 140 ; Jehlam, vii. 174 ;
Jhang, vii. 206; Jodhpur, vii. 239;
Kadaba, vii. 278 ; Kangra, vii. 413 ;
Karauli, vii. 471 ; Karniil, viii. 35,
41 ; Khairagarh, viii. 129 ; Bhusawal,
viii. 151 ; Khasi Hills, viii. 171 ;
Kolar, viii. 273 ; Kolhapur, viii. 281 ;
Kurwai, viii. 378 ; Langrin, viii. 460 ;
Western Malwa, ix. 268 ; Monghyr,
ix. 480 ; Abhaipur, ix. 487 ; Muttra,
X. 45 ; Mysore, x. 92 ; Nellore, x.
261; Nilgiri Hills, x. 325; N.-W.
Provinces, x. 396 ; Partabgarh, xi. 76 ;
Patiala, xi. 87 ; Patna District, xi. 94 ;
Pirpainti, xi. 187 ; Porbandar, xi. 215 ;
Rajputana, xi. 402 ; Sambalpur, xii.
179 ; Sandoway, xii. 200 ; Santal
Parganas, xii. 234 ; Sawantwari, xii.
296 ; Shahabad, xii. 324 ; Shiurajpur,
xii. 409 ; Sirmur, xii. 554 ; Tiimkur,
xiii. 376 ; Wardha, xiii. 524.
Quartz, found in the Anamalai Hills, i.
270 ; Aravalli Hills, i. 307, 30S ;
Belgaum, ii. 231 ; Bhandara, ii. 360 ;
Dharwar, iv. 258 ; Dubrajpur, iv. 318 ;
Dungarpur, iv. 322 ; Hassan, v. 346 ;
the Hindu Kush, v. 417 ; Hoshang-
abad, V. 442 ; Jabalpur, vii. 30; Jhansi,
vii. 216; Jodhpur, vii. 236; Kaira,
vii. 300 ; South Kanara, vii. 375 ;
Madras, ix. 4, 5 ; Madura, ix. 121 ;
Mattod, ix. 366; Mysore State, x. 91,
92, District, x. 1 14; Nellore, x. 272;
Palni Mountains, xi. 17 ; Rajagriha
Hills, xi. 380 ; Rewa, xii. 45 ; Sando-
way, xii. 200 ; Sandur, xii. 206, 207 ;
Sirohi, xiii. 2; Sirsi, xiii. 21 ; Tavoy,
xiii, 228 ; Udaipur, xiii. 401.
Quetta, district of Baluchistan under
British administration, xi. 337, 338.
Quetta, town and cantonment in Balu-
chistan, xi. 338.
Quilandi, town in Madras, xi, 338, 339.
Quilon, tdluk in Travancore, xi. 339.
Quilon, town and historic port in Travan-
core, xi. 339, 340.
Quinine. See Cinchona,
R
Raban, Captain, commanded expedition
against the Lushais (1861), xiii. 315.
Rabhas, aboriginal tribe in Assam, i,
351 ; Darrang, iv. 145 ; Garo Hills, v.
INDEX,
267
28; Goalpara, v, 1 15; Kamrup, vii.
359 ; Lakhimpur, viii. 431.
Rabkavi, town in Bombay, xi. 340.
Rabkob, village with gold mine in Chutia
Nagpur, xi. 340.
Rabnabad, estuary in Gangetic delta,
xi. 340, 341.
Rabnabad, islands in Gangetic delta, xi.
341-
Rabupura, town in N.-W. Provinces, xi.
341-
Race-courses, Bangalore, ii. 66 ; Cawn-
pur, iii. 2S9 ; Gaya, v. 53 ; Jamalpur,
vii. 119; Mirzapur, ix. 462; Morad-
abad, ix. 513; Peshawar, xi. 161 ;
Sonpur, xiii. 63.
Race origin of caste modified by 'occu-
pation' and ' locality,' article 'India,'
vi, 192, 193.
Radaur, town in Punjab, xi. 341.
Radhanpur, Native State in Bombay, xi.
341-343-
Radhanpur, chief town of Native State
in Bombay, xi. 343.
Radhapuram, town in Madras, xi. 344.
Rae Bareli. Sec Rai Bareli.
Raegarh. See Raigarh.
Raeka. See Raika.
Raekot. See Raikot.
Raesen. See Raisin.
Raft Festival, The, at Murshidabad,x. 35.
Ragauli, hill fort in N.-W. Provinces, xi.
344- , . .
Raghuba, claimant to the Peshwaship in
Baroda, ii. 162 ; favourite residence
Kopargaon, viii. 293 ; action with
Trimbak Rao at Pandharpur (1774),
xi. 37.
Raghubar Dayal, contractor for the
taxes of Bahraich (1846-47), ruined
that District, i. 429.
Raghugarh, chief township in Central
India, xi. 344.
Raghugarh, town in Central India, xi. 345.
Raghunandan, hill range in Assam, xi.
345-
Raghunathapuram, town in Madras, xi.
345-
Raghunathpur, hill in Bengal, xi. 345.
Rdgi. See Millets.
Raha, village in Assam, xi. 345.
Rahatgarh, town in Central Provinces,
xi. 345. 346.
Rahimatpur, town in Bombay, xi. 346.
Rahimnagar Pandiawan, town in Oudh,
xi. 346.
Rahman-Garh, hill in Mysore, xi. 347.
Rahon, town in Punjab, xi. 347.
Rahtor Rajputs, the dominant clan in
Ajmere-Merwara, i. 123 ; Mallani, ix.
261 ; Rajpulana, xi. 409, 410.
Rahuri, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, xi. 347, 34S.
Rai, port in Bombay, xi. 348.
Rai Bareli, Division or Commissionership
in Oudh, xi. 348-351.
Rai Bareli, District in Oudh, xi. 351-359;
changes of jurisdiction, 351, 352 ;
physical aspects, 352, 353; popula-
tion. 353> 354 ; agriculture, 354-357 ;
natural calamities, 356 ; land tenures,
357 ; means of communication, 357 ;
administration, 357, 358 ; medical
aspects, 358, 359.
Rai Bareli, tahsil in Oudh, xi. 359.
Rai Bareli, town in Oudh, xi. 359, 360.
Raichur, town and fort in the Dtccan,
xi. 360.
Raidhak, river of N. Bengal, xi. 361.
Raidrug, Sub - division of Madras, xi.
361-,
Raidrug, town and historic hill fort in
Madras, xi. 361, 362.
Raids by hill tribes, by the Abars, i. 1,2;
on Agror, i. 78 ; by the Akas, i. 135,
136 ; by the Angami Nagas into Assam,
i. 345 ; into Bannu, ii. 92 ; Bhagal-
pur, ii. 345 ; by the Bhutias, ii. 417 ;
into Birbhum, iii. 2, 3 ; into Cachar,
iii. 232 ; by the Lushais into the
Chittagong Hill Tracts, iii. 448 ; by
the Daphlas, iv. 120; into Darrang,
iv. 144; into Dera Ghazi Khan, iv.
212; by the Garos, v. 27; into Hill
Tipperah, v. 397 ; by the Jaintias, vii.
47 ; by the Khamtis into Lakhimpur,
viii. 429 ; by the Lushais, viii. 530,
531 ; into Maimansingh, ix. 193 ; of
the Nagas, x. 144-146; on the Salwin
Hill Tracts, xii. 176; of the Singphos,
xii. 542 ; into Sylhet, xiii. 146 ; of the
Lushais into Tipperah, xiii. 314; on
the Upper Sind Frontier, xiii. 442-
445-
Raiganj, town in Bengal, xi. 362.
Raigarh, Native State in Central Pro-
vinces, xi. 362, 363.
Raigarh, chief town of State in Central
Provinces, xi. 363.
Raigarh, historic hill fort in Bombay, >i.
363, 364 ; enthronement of Sivaji as
an independent monarch at (1674)9
article ' India,' vi. 319, xi. 364.
Raigarh, town in Oudh, xi. 364.
Raika, petty State in Bombay, xi. 364.
Raikes, Mr., quoted, on the exactions of
the Talpur Mirs in Thar and Parkar,
xiii. 264.
Raikot, town in Punjab, xi. 364, 365.
Railway system of India, inaugurated by
Lord Dalhousie, article ' India,' vi.
545 ; extended by Lord Mayo, 545,
546 ; the eight guaranteed trunk lines,
546, 547 ; State and ' Assisted ' rail-
ways, 547, 548 ; railways in Native
States, 548, 549 ; statistics of traffic
268
INDEX.
and capital invested, 549, 550. Se2
also Means of Communication section
in each Provincial and District article ;
and especially Agra, i. 65, 66 ; Allah-
abad, i. 192 ; Ambala, i. 222 ; Am-
ritsar, i. 261 ; Arkonam, i. 331 ; Ban-
galore, ii. 64, 70 ; Bard wan, ii. 132 ;
Baroda, ii. 166 ; Behar, ii. 224 ;
Bengal, ii. 313, 314 ; Bhaunagar, ii.
380 ; Bhopal, ii. 405 ; Bhusawal, ii.
411; Bombay, iii. 61, 64; Calcutta,
iii. 267 ; Cawnpur, iii. 292 ; Central
Provinces, iii. 320 ; Coimbatore, iv.
20 ; Darjiling, iv. 138 ; Delhi, iv. 184,
196 ; Dharwar, iv. 264 ; Firozpur, iv.
445 ; Ghazipur, v. 69 ; Goa, v. 94 ;
Gwalior, v. 22S ; Haidarabad, v. 248 ;
Berar, v. 271 ; Hugli, v. 496 ; Indore,
vii. 3. 4 ; Jabalpur, vii. 35 ; Jaipur,
vii. 54 ; Jehlam, vii. 175 ; Jessor, vii.
189; Karachi, vii. 449; Kathiawar,
viii. 94, 95; Lahore, viii. 411, 418;
Lucknow, viii. 516 ; Madras Presi-
dency, ix. 60, city, ix. 115 ; Mirzapur,
ix. 459 ; Multan, x. 8 ; Mysore, x.
107, 108; N.-W. Provinces, x. 396,
397 ; Oudh, X. 507 ; Patna, xi. 102 ;
Peshawar, xi. 155 ; Poona, xi. 208 ;
Punjab, xi. 287 ; Rangoon, xi. 480 ;
Rawal Pindi, xii. 33 ; Saharanpur, xii.
122; Shahjahanpur, xii. 352; Sialkot,
xii. 448 ; Sind, xii. 523 ; Tanjore, xiii.
191 ; Thana, xiii. 256, 257 ; Tinne-
velli, xiii. 308, 309 ; Trichinopoli, xiii.
361 ; Tuticorin, xiii. 386 ; Twenty-four
Parganas, xiii. 397. See also Bridges.
Railway works, Bhusawal, ii. 411 ; Igat-
puri, V. 506; Jamalpur, vii. 1 19;
Lucknow, viii. 516.
Raimangal, estuary of the Gangetic delta,
xi. 365.
Raimatla. See Matla.
Raina, village in Bengal, xi. 365.
Rainfall, Himalayan, article ' India,' vi.
7 ; Western Ghats, 38 ; statistics of
rainfall for 435 Indian stations, 649,
650. See also Meteorological statistics,
Raingarh, hill fort in Punjab, xi. 365,
366.
Raipur, District in Central Provinces, xi.
366-376 ; physical aspects, 366-368 ;
history, 368-370 ; population, 370-373 ;
agriculture,_373, 374 ; trade, 374, 375 ;
administration, 375 ; medical aspects,
375. 376.
Raipur, tahsil in Central Provinces, xi.
376.
Raipur, town and cantonment in Central
Provinces, xi. 376-378.
Raipur, tahsil in Oudh, xi. 378.
Rairakhol, petty State in Central Pro-
vinces, xi. 378, 379.
Rairi, hill fort in Bombay, xi. 379.
Rai Sankli, petty State in Kathiawar, xi.
380.
Raisin, fort in Central India, xi. 380.
Rai Singh, brother of the Raja of Jodh-
pur, conquered Edar (1729), recovered
it (1753)) and ruled till 1766, iv.
237-
Rai Singh, Sikh conqueror, rebuilt Jaga-
dhri (1783) and made it a manufactur-
ing town, vii. 40.
Rajaborari, State forest in Central Pro-
vinces, xi. 380.
Rajagriha, hill range in Bengal, xi. 380.
Rajagriha, Buddhist ruins in Bengal, xi.
380, 381.
Rajahmundiy. See Rajamahendri.
Raja Jang, town in Bengal, xi. 381.
Rajakularaman, town in Madras, xi. 381,
382.
Rajamahendri, taluk in Madras, xi. 382.
Rajamahendri, historic town in Madras,
xi. 3S2, 383.
Rajanpur, town and tahsil in Punjab, xi.
383, 384.
Rajapalaiyam, town in Madras, xi. 384.
Rajapur, Sub-division in Bombay, xi.
384.
Rajapur, ancient town in Bombay, xi.
384, 385-
Rajapur, commercial town in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, xi. 385, 386.
Raja Ram, king of Vijayanagar, defeated
by the kings of Bijapur, Golconda, and
Ahmadnagar (1564) at Talikot, i. 108,
ii. 424.
Raja Sahib, besieged Clive in Arcot
(1751), i. 309, 310.
Raja Sansi, town in Punjab, xi. 386.
Rajauli, town in Bengal, xi. 386.
Rajbhars. See Bhars.
Rajbansi's. See Kochs.
Rajendra Lakshmi, ruled Nepal as regent
for her son (1775-86), x. 285, 286.
Rajendra Singh, Raja of Jaintia, deposed
(1815) for sacrificing British subjects,
vii. 46, 47.
Rajgarh, State in Central India, xi. 386,
3S7.
Rajgarh, petty State in Central India,
xi. 3S7.
Rajgarh, pargana in Central Provmces,
xi. 387.
Rajgarh, fort in Punjab, xi. 387.
Rajgarh, town in Rajputana, xi. 387.
Rajghat, fort in N.-W. Provinces, xi.
387.
Rajgir. See Rajagriha.
Rajim, town in Central Provinces, xi.
388.
Rajkot, State in Kathiawar, xi. 388,
389- , , ,
Rajkot, chief town of State in Kathiawar,
xi. 389.
INDEX.
269
Rajmahal, Sub-division in Bengal, xi.
389. 390.
Rajmahal, historic town in Bengal, xi.
390-
Rajmahal Hills, range in Bengal, xi.
390.
Rajnagar, town in Rajputana, xi. 391.
Rajnagar. See Nagar.
Kajndld, The, a history of the Rajas of
Hill Tipperah, the oldest Bengali
poem extant, v. 396.
Rajoli, estate in Central Provinces, xi.
391-
Rajpare, petty State in Kathiawar, xi.
391-
Rajpipla, State in Bombay, xi. 391-393.
Rajpipla, old capital of State in Bombay,
xi. 393-
Rajpur, petty State in Kathiawar, xi.
393-
Rajpur, petty State in Bombay, xi. 393.
Rajpur, town in Bengal, xi. 393, 394.
Rajpura, petty State in Kathiawar, xi.
394-
Rajpur All, State in Central India, xi.
394, 395-
Rajputana, group of Native States, xi.
395-424 ; area and population, 395 ;
physical aspects, 396-403 ; rivers and
water system, 399, 400 ; hill ranges,
400 ; geolog}', 400-402 ; forests, 402 ;
history, 403-407 ; population, 407-417 ;
religious sects, 416; agriculture, 417-
420; land tenures, 418-420 ; industrial
occupations, 420, 421 ; climate and
hygiene, 421-424.
Rajputana literature and sacred poetry,
vi. 344.
Rajputs, their reputed Scythian origin,
article 'India,' vi. 180; number of
Rajput castes in modern India, 194 ;
distribution of Rajputs in the 12th
century A. D., 276, 277; Rajput revolts
against the Slave kings, 280 ; against
the Khilji dynasty, 282 ; against the
Tughlak dynasty, 284 ; conciliation of
Rajputs by Akbar, 293 ; revolt against
Jahangir, 301 ; against Aurangzeb,
309, 310, Local notices of Rajputs
and Kshattriyas, where specially
numerous or otherwise important,
Ahmadabad, i. 85, 86 ; Ajmere-Mer-
wara, i. 122 ; Aligarh, i. 172 ; Allah-
abad, i. 189 ; Alwar, i. 203 ; Azam-
garh, i. 395 ; Ballia, ii. 19, 20 ;
Banda, ii. 50 ; Bengal, ii. 296 ; Bom-
bay, iii. 51 ; Broach, iii. 104 ; Budaun,
iii. 121 ; Bulandshahr, iii. 135 ; Cawn-
pur, iii. 283 ; Central India, iii. 295 ;
Central Provinces, iii. 316 ; Champaran,
iii. 338 ; Cuddapah, iv. 50 ; Cutch, iv.
61 ; Dehra Dun, iv. 173 ; Dungarpur,
iv. 323 ; Etah, iv. 361 ; Etawah, iv.
y]';^ ; Faizabad, iv. 383; Farukhabad,
iv. 412 ; Fatehpur, iv. 425 ; F'irozpur,
iv. 440, 442 ; Gaya, v. 46 ; Gonda, v.
150; Gujranwala, v. 183; Gujrat, v.
191, 192 ; Gwalior, v. 229 ; Ilamirpur,
V. 301 ; Hardoi, v. 325 ; Hazaribagh,
v. 373 ; Hissar, v. 429 ; Hoshiarpur,
V. 454 ; Jaipur, vii. 53 ; Jaisalmer, vii.
67 ; Jdlandhar, vii. 87 ; Jalaun, vii.
97 ; Jehlam, vii. 170 ; Jhang, vii. 207-
209 ; Jhansi, vii. 222 ; Jodhpur, vii.
237 ; Kaira, vii. 302 ; Kangra, vii.
418 ; Karauli, vii. 472 ; Kamal, viii.
23 ; Khairpur, viii. 135 ; Khandesh,
viii. 154 ; Kumaun, viii. 353 ; Lohar-
daga, viii. 481 ; Lucknow, viii. 493,
494 ; Ludhiana, viii. 521 ; Madras, ix.
19 ; Mainpuri, ix. 205 ; Mallani, ix.
261 ; Malwa, ix. 269 ; Meenit, ix.
387 ; Multan, x. 6 ; Muzaffarnagar, x.
71 ; Muzaffarpur, x. 79 ; Orissa, x.
435 ; Oudh, X. 495 ; Purniah, xi. 325 ;
Rai Bareli, xi. 354 ; Raipur, xi. 372 ;
Rajputana, xi. 409, 410 ; Rawal Pindi,
xii. 26 ; Rohtak, xii. 71, 72; Saharan-
pur, xii. 118; Saran, xii. 253 ; Shah-
abad, xii. 327 ; Shahjahanpur, xii.
347 ; Sialkot, xii. 444 ; Sirohi, xiii. 4 ;
Sirsa, xiii. 13, 14 ; Sitapur, xiii. 30-32 ;
Sultanpur, xiii. 98 ; Thar and Parkar,
xiii. 266 ; Udaipur, xiii. 402 ; Unao,
xiii. 440.
Rajshahi, Division or Commissionership
in Bengal, xi. 424 427.
Rajshahi, District in Bengal, xi. 427-
439 ; physical aspects, 427-429 ; wild
animals, 429 ; history, 429-431 ; popu-
lation, 431-433 ; agriculture, 433-435 5
condition of the peasants, 434 ; manu-
factures, etc., 435-437 ; administration
437, 43S ; medical aspects, 43S.
Rajshahi, Sub-division in Bengal, xi.
439-.
Raj Singh, of Mewar, his war with
Aurangzeb, died from his wounds
(16S1), xiii. 405.
Rakabden, village in Rajputana, xi,
'^39-
Rakaings, aboriginal tribe. See Chaung-
thas.
Raldang, mountain in the Himalayas,
Punjab, xi. 439.
Ralli Brothers, ]NIessrs., have important
agency at Godna, v. 136.
Rama, the hero of the Sanskrit epic, the
Rdmdyana, vi. 123, 124.
Ramachandrapuram, tdliik in Madras, xi.
439. 440.
Rdmallakota, tdliik in Madras, xi. 440.
Ramanada-puram. See Ramnad.
Ramanand, Vishnuite religious reformer
{1300-1400), his low-caste disciples, vi.
218 ; his doctrines, x. 442.
270
INDEX.
Ramandrug. See Ramanmalai.
Ramanka, petty State in Kathiavvar, xi.
440.
Ramanmalai, hill sanitarium in Madras,
440-
Ramanuja, Vishnuite religious reformer
(1150), article ' India,' vi. 217. Local
notices — Mentions the sacred banian
tree of Allahabad, i. 196 ; lived at
Melukote, ix. 404 ; granted the island
of Seringapatam, xii. 319 ; born at
Sriperambudur, his philosophy, xiii.
79, 80 ; died at Srirangam, xiii. 80.
Ramas, petty State in Bombay, xi.
441.
Ramaswami Mudaliyar, restored the
bridges across the Kaveri to Sivasa-
mudram (1824), xiii. 42.
Rdmdyana, the Sanskrit epic relating to
the Aryan advance into Southern India,
vi. 121, 122 ; the story of Rama, his
exile together with his wife Sita ; the
war with the aboriginal king of Ceylon,
and triumphant return, 123, 124.
Rambha, village in Madras, xi. 441.
Rambrai, petty State in Khasi Hills, xi.
441-
Ramchandra, king of Deogarh, his wars
with Ala-ud-din Khilji (1294-1306), iv.
Ram Das, fourth Sikh guru (1574-81),
founded Amritsar, i. 256.
Ramdas, town in Punjab, xi. 441.
Ramdriig, State in Bombay, xi. 441,
442. ^
Ramdriig, chief town of State in Bombay,
xi. 442.
Rameswaram, island and temple in
south of Madras, xi. 442-445.
Rameswaran, town in Madras, xi. 445.
Ramganga, Eastern, river in N,-W. Pro-
vinces, xi. 445.
Ramganga, Western, river in N.-W.
Provinces and Oudh, xi. 446, 447.
Ramgarh, coal-field in Bengal, xi. 446.
Ramgarh, hill with ruins in Chutia Nag-
pur, xi. 446, 447.
Ramgarh, Sub-division in Central Pro-
vinces, xi. 447.
Ramgarh, town in Central Provinces, xi,
447, 448-
Ramgarh, hill fort in Bengal, xi. 448.
Ramgarh, estate in Central India, xi.
448.
Ramgarh, town in Rajputana, xi. 448.
Ramghat, town in N.-W. Provinces, xi.
449.
Ramgiri, hill in Mysore, xi. 449.
Ramia Bihar, village in Oudh, xi. 449.
Ramisseram. See Rameswaram.
Ramkail, fair in Bengal, xi. 449.
Ramkot, pargand in Oudh, xi. 450.
Ramman, river in N. Bengal, xi. 450.
Ram IMohan Rai, theistic religious re-
former and prose religious writer, vi.
353-^
Ramnad, estate in Madras, xi. 450,
Ramnad, town in Madras, xi. 451.
Ramnagar, town in N.-W. Provinces, xi.
451-
Ramnagar, town in Punjab, xi. 452.
Ramnagar, village in Bengal, xi. 452.
Ramnagar, town and pargand in Oudh,
xi. 453-
Ramnagar, ancient town in Central Pro-
vinces, xi. 453.
Rampa, hill tract in Madras, xi. 453-
455-. ,
Rampaili, town in Central Provinces, xi.
455-
Ramparda, petty State in Kathiawar, xi.
455-
Ram Prasad Sen, court poet of Nadiya in
the l8th century, vi. 352.
Rampur, Native State in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, xi. 455-459 ; physical aspects,
455; history, 455-460; population,
457 ;. agriculture, 457, 458 ; trade, 458 ;
administration, 458 ; medical aspects,
459-
Rampur, capital of State in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, xi. 459.
Rampur, town in N.-W. Provinces, xi.
459, 460-
Rampur, village in N.-W. Provinces, xi.
460.
Rampur, town in Bashahr State, Punjab,
xi. 460.
Rampur, estate in Central Provinces, xi.
460, 461.
Rampur, pargand in Oudh, xi. 461.
Rampura, town in Rajputana, xi. 461.
Rampura, petty State in Bombay, x.
461.
Rampura, Jain temples in Rajputana, xi.
461, 462.
Rampur Beauleah, town in Bengal, xi.
462.
Rampur Hat, Sub-division and town in
Bengal, xi. 462, 463.
Rampur Khanpur, village in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, xi. 463.
Rampur Mathura, town in Oudh, xi.
463-
Ram Rai, heretical Sikh gurtt, founded
Dehra, where his temple still stands, iv.
168, 170, 171.
Ramri, island and township in Lower
Burma, xi. 463.
Ramri, town in Lower Burma, xi. 463,
464-
Ram Sanehi, tahsil in Oudh, xi. 464.
Ramsay, Alex., first judge of Surat
(1800), xiii. 124.
Ramsay, Hon. Sir Henry, his clearances
INDEX.
271
in the bhdbar, viii. 348 ; Chief Com-
missioner of Kumaun (1856-83), viii.
351 ; his rule there, viii. 352.
Ram Smaran Pal, founded the Karta-
bhaja sect in Nadiya, x. 133.
Ramtal, lake near Darjiling, Bengal,
xi. 465.
Ramtek, tahsil in Central Provinces, xi.
465-
Ramtek, ancient town in Central Pro-
vinces, xi. 465-467.
Ramu, village in Bengal, xi. 467.
Ranaghat, town and Sub-division in
Bengal, xi. 467.
Ranasam, State in Bombay, xi. 467,
468.
Ran Bahadur Shah, Raja of Nepal (1765-
1805), his reign, cruelty, and assassina-
tion, x. 286, 287.
Ranch i, town in Bengal, xi. 468.
Rander, historic town in Bombay, xi.
468,469.
Randhia, petty State in Kathiawar, xi.
469-
Ranch, town in Central Provinces, xi.
469-
Randhir Singh, Raja of Bhartpur, died
1823, his cenotaph at Gobardhan, v.
121.
Ran-dulla Khan of Bijapur, took Dod-
ballapur (1638), iv. 311 ; and Sira, xii.
546;
Rangamagiri, village in Assam, xi. 471.
Rangamati, ancient town in Bengal, xi.
469, 470.
Rangamati, administrative station.in the
Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bengal, xi. 470.
Rangamati, village in Assam, xi. 470.
Ranganadi, river in Assam, xi. 470, 471.
Ranga Rao, his defence of Bobbili against
Bussy, xiii. 485.
Rangasvvami, hill peak in Madras, xi.
471-
Rangi, estate in Central Provinces, xi.
471.
Rangia, village in Assam, xi. 471.
Rangir, village in Central Provinces, xi.
471-
Rangoon, District in Lower Burma, xi.
471-481 ; physical aspects, 472 ; his-
tory, 473-476 ; population, 476, 477 ;
antiquities, 477 ; agriculture, 477,
478 ; natural calamities, 478, 479 ;
manufactures, etc., 479; revenue, 480 ;
administration, 480, 481 ; climate,
481.
Rangoon city, capital of Lower Burma,
xi. 481-488; history, 48 1 -4.83 ; de-
scription, 483,484; population, 484,
485 ; commerce, 485-488.
Rangoon River, in Lower Burma, xi.
4S8,
Rangpur, District in Bengal, xi. 488-501;
physical aspects, 488 - 490 ; forest
products, 4S9 ; wild animals, 489 ;
history, 490-492 ; population, 492-496;
religion, 493, 494 ; material condition
of people, 495 ; agriculture, 496-498 ;
manufactures, etc., 498, 499; admini-
stration, 499, 500 ; medical aspects,
500.
Rangpur, town and Sub - division in
Bengal, xi. 501.
Rangpur, ruins in Assam, xi. 501, 502.
Ranguji, Maratha leader, built fort at
Borsad (1741), which was taken by the
Gaekwar (1748), iii. 90.
Rangun. See Rangoon.
Rania, town in Punjab, xi. 502.
Ranibenm'ir, town and Sub-division in
Bombay, xi. 502, 503.
Ranigam, petty State in Kathiawar, xi.
503-
Raniganj, town and Sub - division in
Bengal, xi. 503.
Raniganj, coal-field in Bengal, xi. 503-
506.
Raniganj, town in Bengal, xi. 506.
Ranigat, ancient fortress on Punjab
frontier (Aornos of Alexander?), xi.
506.
Ranikhet, military sanitarium in N.-W.
Provinces, xi. 506, 507.
Rani-niir, rock cave in Orissa, xi. 507,
508.
Ranipet, military town in Madras, xi.
508, 509.
Ranipur, town in N.-W. Provinces, xi.
509-
Ranipur, town in Bombay, xi. 509.
Ranjit, Great, river of N. Bengal, xi.
509-
Ranjit, Little, river of N. Bengal, xi.
509, 510.
Ranjit Singh, the founder of the Sikh
kingdom, article ' India,' vi. 410, 411.
Local notices- — Declined to let British
army cross the Punjab (1838), i. 49;
demanded tribute from the cis-Sutlej
States (1808), checked by treaty (1809),
i. 216 ; took Amritsar (1802), i. 257 ;
held Attock from 1S03 till his death, i.
382 ; restored the Shalimar Gardens
at Baghbanpur, i. 416 ; in the Bannu
valley, ii. 91 ; covered temple at
Benares with gold-leaf, ii. 266 ; con-
quered southern part of Dera Ghazi
Khan (1819), iv. 212 ; conquered
cis-Indus part of Dera Ismail Khan
(1821), iv. 221; had his winter residence
at Dinanagar, iv. 299; seized Faridkot,
which he had to surrender (1809),
j^'- 393 ; built Govindgarh fortress, v.
174; colonized the district of Gujran-
wala, V. iSl, 182; born at Gujranwala,
which was his head-quarters till he
272
INDEX.
took Lahore, v. 187 ; conquered Sahib
Singh of Gujrat (1798), and deposed
him (18 10), V. 190 ; conquered greater
part of Gurdaspur (1809-16), v. 208 ;
took IIaripur(i8i3), v. 34O; conquered
Hazara (1818-26), v. 361 ; Hoshiarpur
(1815-18), V. 453; and the Jalandhar
Doab (181 1), vii. 85, 86; gave gilt
roof to the temple of Jawalamukhi, vii.
162 ; conquered Jehlam District (iSio),
vii. 169; and Jhang (1803-10), vii. 20S;
was ceded Kiiman by Gen. Perron
(1782), vii. 351 ; his operations in
Kangra (1803-09), and conquest of
that District (182S), vii. 416, 417;
took Kasur (1S07), viii. 84 ; granted
Kohat and Hangu to Sultan Muham-
mad Khan, viii. 244, 245 ; exacted
tribute from the Raja of Kulu (1809),
viii. 338 ; was granted Lahore by
Zeman Shah (1799), viii. 406; his
mausoleum at Lahore, viii. 417 ; con-
quered Ludhiana (1806), viii. 520;
his attack on Maler Kotla (1809) led
to the treaty of that year, protecting
the cis-Sutlej States, ix. 255 ; took
Mankera (1821), ix. 337; took Multan
(1S18), X. 4 ; stormed Muzaffargarh
(1818), X. 65 ; defeated Azim Khan at
Peshawar (1823), xi. 149 ; his reign
and history in the Punjab, xi. 265 ;
stormed Ramnagar (1795), xi. 452 ;
annexed Rawal Pindi (1810-14), xii.
24, 25 ; conquered Shahpur (1803-16),
xii. 362; and Sialkot (1790-1810), xii.
442, 443 ; ornamented the temple of
Tarn Taran, xiii. 215.
Ranjit Singh, Maharaja of Bhartpur, his
reign and history, and repulse of Lake,
"• 373) 374 ! rewarded with part of
Muttra (1803), which was taken from
him (1805), X. 46.
Ranjur Singh, defeated by Sir Harry
Smith at Aliwal (1846), i. 1S2.
Ranodwip Singh, prime minister of
Nepal (1877 - 85), murdered (Nov.
1885), X. 290.
Ranpur, town in Bombay, xi. 510.
Ranpur, tributary State in Orissa, xi.
Ranthambhor, hill fort in Rajputana, xi.
xi. 511.
Raojan, village in Bengal, xi. 511.
Rao Krishna Rao, founded high school
at Sagar (182S), xii. 109.
Raper, Mr., quoted, on Hard war in
1808, V. 333 ; on the festival there, v.
334-
Rapri, historic city in N.-W. Provinces,
xi. 511.
Rapti, river of Oudh and N.-W. Pro-
vinces, xi. 511, 512.
Rapur, town and taluk in Madras, xi. 512.
Rasalgarh, hill fort in Bombay, xi. 512,
513-
Rasalu, Raja of Sialkot, xii. 441 ; legend
of, xii. 451.
Rasan, ancient city in N.-W. Provinces,
xi. 513-
Rasauli, town in Oudh, xi. 513.
Rasdhan, village in N.-W. Provinces, xi.
513-
Rashid-ud-din, traveller (1247-131S), his
use of the word Bengala, ii. 269 ;
quoted, on Kayal, viii. 107 ; Uchh,
xii. 400.
Rasin. See Rasan.
Rasipur, town in Madras, xi. 513.
Ras Muari, frontier cape between Sind
and Baluchistan, xi. 513, 514.
Rasra, town and tashil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, xi. 514.
Rassa, village and prison in Bengal, xi.
Rastam, village in Sind, xi. 515.
Rasulabad, village and tahsil in N.-W,
Provinces, xi. 515.
Rasulabad, town in Oudh, xi. 515.
Rasulabad, village in Central Provinces,
xi. 516.
Rasulpur, river of Bengal, xi. 516.
Rasulpur, town in Oudh, xi. 516.
Ras was, town in Central India, xi. 516.
Ratangarh, town in Rajputana, xi. 516.
Ratanmal, petty State in Central India,
xi. 516-
Ratan Nath, fourth in spiritual .succession
from Gorakh Nath, built great temple
of Debi Patan, iv. 164.
Ratanpur, town in Bombay, xi. 516.
Ratanpur, ancient town in Central Pro-
vinces, xi. 516, 517.
Ratanpur Dhamanka, petty State in
Kathiawar, xi. 517-
Ratesh, petty State in Punjab, xi. 517.
Rath, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces, xi.
517-
Rath, ancient town in N.-W. Provinces,
xi. 518.
Ra-thai-myo. See Ya-the-myo.
Rathborne, Captain, Commissioner of
Haidarabad (Sind), his report on the
bandh in the Eastern Nara, xiii.
263.
Ratia, town in Punjab, xi. 518.
Ratlam, Native State in Central India,
xii. I, 2.
Ratlam, chief town of State in Central
India, xii. 2.
Ratna, Rana of Mewar, son of Rand
Sanga (1530-35), xiii. 404.
Ratnagiri, District in Bombay, xii. 2-12;
physical aspects, 2-5 ; forests, 3, 4 ;
wild animals, 4 ; geology, 5 ; history,
5, 6 ; population, 6-8 ; agriculture. 8-
10; land tenures, 9; natural calamities,
INDEX.
273
10; trade, etc., 10, ii; administration,
II ; climate, 12.
Ratnagiri, Sub-division in Bombay, xii.
12.
Ratnagiri, town, port, and fishing centre
in Bombay, xii. 12, 13.
Rata Dero, town and tdhik in Sind, xii.
Rats, their ravages in the Chittagong
Hill Tracts, iii. 451; Jerruck, vii. 180;
Kaladgi, vii. 319 ; among the Karens,
viii. 5 ; in Kathiawar, viii. 97 ; Khan-
desh, viii. 158 ; the Laccadive Islands,
viii. 394; Lahore, viii. 411; Naga
Hills, X. 152; Sholapur, xii. 117.
Ratsar, village in N.-W. Provinces, xii.
''3:
Rattihalli, village in Bombay, xii. 14.
Rattray, Mr., his report on the trade of
Patna, quoted, xi. 111-114.
Rau Kama, town in Oudh, xii. 14.
Rauk-thwa. See Yauk-thwa.
Raush, Mr., merchant of Goalpara, sent
700 men to help king of Assam against
the Moamarias (1788), v. 114, 120.
Rautias, aboriginal tribe in Jashpur, vii.
146.
Ravenshaw, Mr., Commissioner of Orissa,
induced Government to reduce rates of
irrigation from the Mahanadi (187 1 ),
ix. 161 ; identified Strabo's Eranno-
boas with the Son, xiii. 53.
Raver, town in Bombay, xii. 14.
Raver, village in Central Provinces, xii.
14-
Ravi, river in Punjab, xii. 14, 15-.
Ravine deer {chikdra), article ' India,' vi.
658. Local notices — Found in Ajmere,
i. 119 ; Amritsar, i. 255; Banda, ii.
47; Bannu, ii. 90; Jerruck, vii. 180;
Jhang, vii. 206; Khandesh, viii. 150;
Lahore, viii. 405 ; Lalitpur, viii. 447 ;
Lohardaga, viii. 477 ; Mallani, ix. 260;
Manipur, ix. 325 ; Montgomery, ix.
495 ; Peshawar, xi. 146, 147 ; Pishin,
xi. 188 ; Rawal Pindi, xii. 23 ; Sibi,
xii. 454 ; Sirohi, xiii. 3 ; Sirsa, xiii.
10.
Rawal Pindi, Division or Commissioner-
ship in Punjab, xii. 15-18.
Rawal Pindi, District in Punjab, xii. 18-
35 ; physical aspects, 18-23 ; forests,
21, 22; minerals, 22; wild animals,
22, 23 ; history, 23-25 ; population,
25-29; religion, 26, 27 ; material con-
dition of the people, 27-29; agriculture,
29-32; natural calamities, 31, 32;
commerce, trade, etc., 32; means of
communication, 33 ; administration,
33, 34 ; military, 34, 35 ; medical
aspects, 35.
Rawal Pindi, tahsil in Punjab, xii, 35,
36.
VOL. XIV.
Rawal Pindi, town and cantonment in
Punjab, xii. 36-3S.
Rawats, aboriginal tribe in Merwara, ix.
416.
Rawlinson, Sir Plenry, political agent
with General Nott in the defence of
Kandahar, vii. 393, 394.
Raya, tahsil in Punjab, xii. 38, 39.
Rayachoti, town and taluk in Madras,
xii. 39.
Rayadrug. See Raidrug.
Rayagudda, village in Madras, xii. 40.
Rayak, village in Assam, xii. 40.
Rayakottai, village in Madras, xii. 40.
Rayalcheruvu, village in Madras, xii.
40.
Rayan, town in Rajputana, xii. 40.
Rayapet, suburb of Madras city, xii. 40.
Rayavalasa, pass in Madras, xii. 41.
Raygad. See Raigarh.
Hayatimri settlement of the land in
Madras, article ' India,' vi. 445, 446 ;
growth of the Madras cultivator into
a proprietor, 447 ; extension of tillage,
447 ; reduction of average land-tax,
448 ; description of land tenures in
Madras, ix. 44-53.
Raymond, M., granted Cuddapah \wjdgir
by the Nizam (1795), iv. 49.
Raynal, Abbe, History of the Settlements
and Trade of the Europeans in the East
and West Indies, quoted, vi. 374 (foot-
note).
Ra-za-di-rit, king of Pegu, conquered
Prome with the king of Taung-ngu
(1417), xiii. 222.
Raziya, Empress of Delhi (1236-39), the
only lady who ever occupied that
throne, vi, 279, iv, 191,
Re. See Ye,
Read, Captain, commanded British bat-
tery at the capture of Gurramkonda
by the Nizam (1791), v. 228 ; first
administrator of the Talaghat and
Baramahal (1792), and introduced
rdyatiodri settlement (1796-99), xii.
155-
Read, Lieut., killed at the battle of Man-
grol (1821), monument to, ix. 317.
Readymoney, Sir Cowasji Jahangir, gave
£yx)0 towards the lunatic asylum
at Haidarabad (Sind), v. 2S8 ; built
hospital at Surat (1864), xiii. 131.
Reclamation of land. See Land reclama-
tion.
Reconquest of India from the Muham-
madans by the Hindus (1707-61), vi.
270.
Redi, port in Bombay, xii. 41.
Red Saunders root, a valuable dye, found
in North Arcot, i, 316; Balldpali, ii.
18 ; Madras, ix. 7 ; Nellore, x. 267 ;
Palkonda Hills, xi. 11.
274
INDEX.
Reform of Hindu customs by Akbar, vi.
293-
' Regulation ' and ' Non - Regulation '
Provinces, vi. 435.
Re-gyi. See Ye-gyi,
]<e-gyi Pan-daw. Sec Ye-gyi Pandaw.
Reh or saline eliHorescence. See Usdr
land.
Rehli, tahsl/m Central Provinces, xii. 41.
Rehli, historic town in Central Provinces,
xii. 42.
Reinhardt, Walter. See Samru.
Rekapalli, tdl2(k in Madras, xii. 42.
Re-keng. See Ye-kin.
Reland, identified Sopara with Solomon's
Ophir, xiii. 65.
Relangi, town in Madras, xii. 42.
Religion of the Gonds, iii. 309-311 ;
Daphlas, iv. 119; Faraizis, iv. 399;
Juangs, vii. 252 ; Ahams, vii. 357 ;
Kandhs, vii. 404 ; Karens, viii. 2, 3 ;
Khamtis, viii. 145 ; Kols, viii. 256,
257 ; Kotas, viii. 301 ; Malayalis, ix.
238 ; Miris, ix. 444, 445, 449 ; Nagas,
x. 149 ; Kukis, x. 150 ; Naikdas,
X. 177 ; Bhils, xii. 52 ; Santals, xii.
241 ; in Sirmur, xii. 555 ; of the Chins,
xiii. 281.
Religion of the Hindus, by Prof. H. H.
Wilson, quoted, vi. 201 (footnote 2); 205
(footnote i) ; 206 (footnote 2) ; 208
(footnote 2) ; 210 (footnote 2) ; 213
(footnote i); 221 (footnote 2); 223
(footnotes 3 and 4) ; 225 (footnote 5).
Religions of India, by Dr. Barth, quoted,
vi. 161 (footnote 2).
Religious classification of the population
of British India, article ' India,' vi.
Appendix V. 693. See also the Popu-
lation section of each District article.
Remda, village in Central Provinces,
xii. 42.
Remuna, village in Bengal, xii. 42, 43.
Renaud, Major, sent by Neill from Allah-
abad to Cawnpur (1857), joined by
Havelock at Khaga, iv. 425.
Rengan, petty State in Bombay, xii. 43.
Rengma, mountains in Naga Hills, Assam,
xii. 43.
Rengma Nagas, The, x. 147, 148.
Rengtipahar, hill range in Assam, xii.
43-
Reni, town in Rajputana, xii. 43.
Rennel, Major, geographer, map of
Bengal in 1765, article ' India,' vi. 15.
Local notices — Quoted, on the Brahma-
putra, iii. 96 ; on the devastation of
Chittagong, iii. 436 ; on the Nadiya
rivers, v. 472 ; on the Jamuna, vii.
135, viii. 222; on Nevti, x. 292; on
the Tista, xiii. 334, 335.
Rent Commission of Bengal (1879), and
its reforms in the extension of tenant-
right and compensation for disturbance,
article ' India,' vi. 444, 445.
Rents of land. Rates of. .^cv Agricultural
section of each District article.
Reota, town in N. -W. Provinces, xii. 43.
Reotipur, town in N.-W. Provinces,
xii. 43.
Repalii, town and tahik in Madras,
xii. 44.
Report on the Miscellaneous Old Records
in the India Office, by Sir George Bird-
wood, 358 (footnote 2) ; 360 (footnote
i) ; 364 (footnotes i and 2) ; 368 (foot-
note) ; 370 (footnote) ; his discovery of
the origin of the name of the ' James
and Mary Sands,' vii. 123.
Repousse work, made at Tanjore, xiii.
196.
Reptiles, article ' India,' vi. 660 ; poison-
ous serpents, and deaths from snake-
bite, 660. See also Madras, ix. 94-96 ;
Snake-bite and wild beasts. Mortality
caused by ; and Snakes.
Resalpur, village in Central Provinces,
xii. 44.
Reservoirs. See Tanks, Artificial Lakes
and Reservoirs.
Residencies, the most important, archi-
tecturally or historically, Haidarabad,
v. 253, 254 ; Indore, vii. 10 ; Luck-
now, viii. 507 ; Peshawar, xi. 160.
Resins, Valuable, found in Bamra, ii. 41 ;
Coorg, iv. 32 ; Cuttack, iv. 65 ; Gang-
pur, iv. 478 ; Gaya, v. 44 ; Haidar-
abad, V. 245, 246 ; Henzada, v. 384 ;
South Kanara, vii. 376 ; Kawardha,
viii. 106 ; Korea, viii. 297 ; Lohardaga,
viii. 476 ; Malabar, ix. 229 ; Midnapur,
ix. 425 ; N.-W. Provinces, x. 3S0 ;
Rairakhol, xi. 378 ; Rewa, xii. 46 ;
Sakti, xii. 148 ; Sandoway,- xii. 199 ;
Santal Parganas, xii. 227 ; Udaipur
(Bengal), xiii. 412.
Re-tsu-daing. See Ye-su-daing.
Revelganj. See Godna.
Revell, Mr., laid the basis of the com-
mercial importance of Godna (1788),
where his shrine is still worshipped,
V. 136.
Revenue and expenditure. See the Ad-
ministrative section of each District
article, and specially, Afghanistan, i.
47; Assam, i. 370; Baluchistan, ii.
39, 40; Baroda, ii. 166, 167; Bengal,
ii. 317-319 ; Bhartpur, ii. 375 ; Bhopal,
ii. 405 ; Bikaner, ii. 440 ; Bombay, iii.
69, 70 ; Lower Burma, iii. 206 ; Inde-
pendent (now Upper) Burma, iii. 216,
217 ; Central Provinces, iii. 321 ;
Cochin, iv. 8 ; Coorg, iv. 39 ; French
Possessions, iv. 454 ; Goa, v. 96 ;
Gwalior, v. 229 ; Haidarabad, v. 248 ;
Berar, v. 273 ; Herat, v. 392 ; Hill
INDEX.
275
Tipperah, v. 400 ; Indore, vii. 7, 8 ;
Jaipur, vii. 57, 58 ; Jaisalnier, vii. 69 ;
Jhalawar, vii. 200 ; Jind, vii. 232 ;
Jodhpur, vii. 245 ; Kandahar, vii. 389 ;
Kapurthala, vii. 443 ; Karauli, vii. 473 ;
Karikal, viii. 11 ; Kashmir, viii. 77,
78 ; Keunjhar, viii. 121 ; Khairpur,
viii. 137; Kolhapur, viii. 284; Kotah,
viii. 307 ; Kuch Behar, viii. 325, 326 ;
]\Iadras, ix. 67-74 ! Manipur, ix. 332 ;
INIysore, x. 108, 109 ; Nawanagar, x.
253 ; Nepal, x. 280; N.-W. Provinces,
'^^ 398, 399 ; Orissa, x. 459 ; Oudh, x.
508; Pishin, xi. 191, 192; Pondi-
cherri, xi. 199 ; Punjab, xi. 289 ;
Rewa, xii. 48 ; Sind, xii. 523, 524 ;
Tonk, xiii. 338 ; Travancore, xiii. 351 ;
Udaipur, xiii. 408.
Revenue Resources of the Mughal Empire,
by Mr. E. Thomas, quoted, vi. 271
(footnote) ; 297 (footnote 2) ; 299 ;
301 (footnote i); 304, 305 (footnote) ;
311 (footnotes).
Revenue system of British India, the land-
tax, article 'India,' vi. 438-441, 452;
salt-duty, 453, 454 ; excise and opium,
453-455 ; municipal revenues, 455-457 5
revenue and expenditure of British
India, 455-470.
Revenue of the Mughal Empire under
Akbar, vi. 297 ; growth of the Mughal
revenues (i 593-1 761), 269.
Revue de rHistoire des Religions, by Dr.
Earth, quoted, vi. 161 (footnote 2).
Rewa, Native State in Bundelkhand, xii.
44-47. . ■
Rewa, chief town of State in Bundel-
khand, xii. 47, 48.
Rewadanda, town and port in Bombay,
xii. 48.
Rewa Kantha, Agency or group of Native
States in Bombay, xii. 48-54 ; phy-
sical aspects, 48 - 50 ; geology, 49 ;
forests, 49 ; fauna, 49 ; history, 50, 51 ;
population, 51-53 ; Bhils, 51, _ 52 ;
Kolis, 52, 53 ; trade, 53 ; administra-
tion, 53- , .
Rewari, tahsil in Punjab, xii. 54.
Rewari, historic town in Punjab, xii.
54-,56.
Rewas, port in Bombay, xii. 56.
Rhenius, missionaiy in Tinnevelli(i82o),
xiii. 304.
Rhinoceros, The, article ' India,' vi. 656.
Local notices — Arakan Hill Tracts, i.
299 ; Assam, i. 349 ; Bhagalpur, ii.
343 ; Bhutan, ii. 414 ; Upper Burma,
iii. 212; Cachar, iii. 234; Chittagong,
iii. 435 ; Chittagong Hill Tracts, iii.
448; Darjiling, iv. 131 ; Darrang, iv.
142 ; Eastern Dwars, iv. 329 ; Garo
Hills, V. 26; Goalpara, V. 112; Hill
Tipperah, v. 395 ; Himalaya Moun-
tains, V. 409 ; Jalpaiguri, vii. 109 ;
Kamrup, vii. 355 ; Khasi Hills, viii.
173; Lakhimpur, viii. 427; Manipur,
ix. 325 ; Mergui, ix. 407 ; Mergui
Archipelago, ix. 412 ; Naga Hills, x.
143 ; Nepal, x. 278 ; Sibsagar, xii.
460; the Sundarbans, xiii. 109, 3S9 ;
Tavoy, xiii. 209; Tharawadi, xiii. 272 ;
Thayet-myo, xiii. 279.
Riah. See Raya.
Rian. See Rayan.
Riangs, aboriginal tribe in Hill Tipperah,
y- 399-
Riasi, fort and town in Kashmir, xii.
56, 57.
Rice, Cultivation of, in Bengal, article
' India,' vi. 32, 33 ; in other Provinces
of India, its numerous varieties, vi.
485 ; out-turn, vi. 4S5, 486 ; export of,
vi. 572 ; export duty on, vi. 573.
Local notices — Cultivated on jNIount
Abu, i. 7 ; in Afghanistan, i. 38 ; Akal-
kot, i. 137 ; Akyab, i. 155 ; Allahabad,
i. 189 ; Ambala, i. 220 ; Amherst,
i. 239 ; Amritsar, i. 259 ; Anantapur,
i. 277 ; Arakan Hill Tracts, i. 301,
302 ; North Arcot, i. 316 ; South
Arcot, i. 323; Assam, i. 361, 362;
Attigarh, i. 376 ; Azamgarh, i. 397 ;
Badakshan, i. 407 ; Bahraich, i. 430 ;
Bakarganj, i. 444, 445 ; Balaghat, i.
455 ; Balasor, ii. 7 ; Ballia, ii. 21 ;
Brimra, ii. 42 ; Bankura, ii. 83 ; Bard,
ii. 105 ; Bara Banki, ii. no ; Bardwan,
ii. 130; Bassein, ii. 197; Bastar, ii.
206; Basti, ii. 211 ; Bellary, ii. 245;
Benares, ii. 258 ; Bengal, ii. 302, 303 ;
Bhagalpur, ii. 348 ; Bhandara, ii. 364 ;
Bijnaur, ii. 432 ; Bilaspur, ii. 450 ;
Bilu-Gywon, ii. 460 ; Birbhuni, iii. 5 ;
Bogra, iii. 28, 29 ; Bombay Presidency,
iii. 53' 54 > Island, iii. 81 ; Bonai, iii.
86 ; Borasambar, iii. 89 ; Budaun, iii.
120; Bundi, iii. 159; Lower Burma,
iii. 189 ; Upper Burma, iii. 210 ;
Cachar, iii. 233, 236, 23S ; Cambay,
iii. 271 ; Cawnpur, iii. 285 ; Central
India, iii. 295 ; Central Provinces, iii.
318; Chamba, iii. 329; Champaran,
iii. 341 ; Chanda, iii. 353, 354 ; Chan-
drapur, iii. 365 ; Cheduba, iii. 378 ;
Chengalpat, iii. 386 ; Chitaldrug, iii.
425, 426 ; Chittagong, iii. 439 ; Chit-
tagong Hill Tracts, iii. 450 ; Cochin,
iv. 2, 5 ; Coimbatore, iv. 18 ; Coorg,
iv. 36 ; Cuttack, iv. 70, 71 ; Dacca, iv.
85 ; Daman, iv. 102 ; Damoh, iv. 102 ;
Daphla Hills, iv. 119; Darbhangah,
iv. 122, 125 ; Darjiling, iv. 135 ;
Darrang, iv. 146; Dehra Dun, iv. 174;
Delhi, iv. 182 ; Dharampur, iv. 249 ;
Dholpur, iv. 274 ; Dinajpur, iv. 294 ;
Dungarpur, iv. 323 ; Eastern Dwars,
276
INDEX.
i^'- 333 ; Ellichpur, iv. 345 ; Faizabad,
iv. 384 ; Faridpur, iv. 402, 403 ;
Farukhaliad, iv. 413 ; Fatehpur, iv.
427 ; Gangpur, iv. 478 ; Ganjam, v. 6 ;
Garhvval, v. 20 ; Garo Hills, v. 30 ;
Gaya, v. 49 ; Ghazipur, v. 67 ; Goa,
^'- 92, 93 ; Goalpara, v. 116; Godavari,
v. 127; Gonda, v. 151, 152; Gorakh-
pur, v. 169; Gurdaspur, v. 210, 211 ;
Gwalior, v. 22S ; Haidarabad, v. 245 ;
Ilaidarabad (Sind), v. 280 ; Hantha-
Madi, V. 315 ; Hardoi, v. 326 ; Hassan,
V. 346, 347 ; Hazaribagh, v. 375 ;
Henzada, v. 386, 3S8 ; Herat, v. 391 ;
Hill Tipperah, v. 400 ; Hoshiarpur,
V. 452, 455 ; Howrah, v. 463 ; Hugh',
v. 494; Indore, vii. 2; Delta of the
Indus, vii. 13 ; Jabalpur, vii. 33 ;
Jaintia Hills, vii. 49 ; Jalalabad, vii.
IS; Jalpaiguii, vii. 112,' 113 ; Janjira,
vii. 139; Jaunpur, vii. 155; Jerruck,
vii. 181 ; Jessor, vii. 187 ; Jhabua,
vii. 195 ; Kadur, vii. 287 ; Kamrup,
vii. 354, 362 ; North Kanara, vii. 372 ;
South Kanara, vii. 380 ; Kangra, vii.
424 ; Ranker, vii. 434 ; Karachi, vii.
448 ; Karanja, vii. 466 ; Karauli, vii.
472 ; Karnal, viii. 24 ; Karnul, viii.
38 ; Karond, viii. 46 ; Kashmir,
viii. 72 ; Kathi, viii. 87 ; Kawardha,
viii. 106 ; Khasi Hills, viii. 176 ;
Kheri, viii. 193 ; Khulna, viii. 207 ;
Khyrim, viii. 215 ; Kistna, viii. 230,
231 ; Kolaba, viii. 267 ; Kolabira,
viii. 271 ; Kolar, viii. 276; Kolhapur,
viii. 281 ; Korea, viii. 297 ; Kuch
Behar, viii. 323 ; Kulu, viii. 342, 343 ;
Kumaun, viii. 354 ; Kuram, viii. 369 ;
Kurundwad, viii. 376; Kyauk - pyu,
viii. 387 ; Lakhimpur, viii. 433 ;
Larkhana, viii. 463 ; Laun, viii. 467 ;
Lohardaga, viii. 4S2, 4S3 ; Lucknow,
viii. 497 ; jNIadgiri, viii. 539 ; Madras
Presidency, ix. 28, 29, 30, 87, 88 ;
Madura, ix. 12S ; Maimansingh, ix.
195 ; ]\Iakrai, ix. 215 ; Malabar, ix.
229, 230 ; ]\Ialdah, ix. 240, 244 ;
Manbhum, ix. 283 ; Mandi, ix. 298 ;
Mandla, ix. 304; Manipur, ix. 331 ;
Meerut, ix. 3S7 ; Mehar, ix. 397 ;
Mergui, ix. 409 ; Midnapur, ix. 424,
428, 429 ; Mikir Hills, ix. 436 ; Min-hla,
ix. 439 ; Mirzapur, ix. 457, 458 ;
Monghyr, ix. 485 ; Montgomery, ix.
498 ; Murshidabad, x. 26 ; Muzaffar-
pur, X. 77 ; Mysore State, x. 100, Dis-
trict, x. 119; Nadiya, x. 135, 136;
Naga Hills, x. 152 ; Nagari, x. 157 ;
Narsinghpur, x. 221 ; Nellore, x. 266 ;
Nepal, X. 276, 277 ; Nimar, x. 333 ;
NoakhaH, x. 340, 347 ; N.-W. Pro-
vinces, X. 377 ; Nowgong, x. 411;
Okhaldanga, x. 421 ; Orissa, x. 45S,
459 j Orissa Tributaiy States, x. 475,
476; Oudh, X. 501; Pabna, x. 515;
Palanpur, x. 537, 539; Palni Moun-
tains, xi. 19 ; Panch Mahals, xi. 32 ;
Pandu Mehwas, xi. 39 ; Partabgarh,
xi. 71 ; Patna District, xi. 100, loi.
State, xi. 115; Phuljhar, xi. 168;
Pilibhit, xi. 175 ; Porbandar, xi. 215 ;
Prome, xi. 231, 232 ; Pudukattai, xi.
237 ; Punjab, xi. 278 ; Puri, xi. 306 ;
Purniah, xi. 326 ; Rai Bareli, xi. 354 ;
Raigarh, xi. 362 ; Raipur, xi. 373 ;
Rairakhol, xi. 378 ; Rajshahi, xi. 433 ;
Ramri, xi. 463 ; Rangoon, xi. 478 ;
Rangpur, xi. 496 ; Ratnagiri, xii. 2, 9 ;
Saharanpur, xii. 120; Sakti, xii. 148;
Salem, xii. 160; Salsette Island, xii.
169 ; Salwin Hill Tracts, xii. 174,
175 ; Sambalpur, xii. 183 ; Sandoway,
xii. 202; Sangli, xii. 218; Santal Par-
ganas, xii. 232; Saran, xii. 251, 255;
Sarangarh, xii. 260 ; Satara, xii. 2S0 ;
Savani'ir, xii. 293 ; Sawantwari, xii.
296 ; Seoni, xii. 312 ; Sergada, xii.
318 ; Sevvan, xii. 322 ; Shahabad, xii.
329 ; Shahjahanpur, xii. 349 ; Sharak-
pur, xii. 377 ; Shikarpur, xii. 393 ;
Shimoga, xii. 403; Shvve-gyin, xii.
432 ; Sialkot, xii. 446 ; Sibsagar, xii.
466 ; Sind, xii. 520 ; Singhbhum, xii.
537; Sinnar, xii. 545; Sirsa, xiii. 9;
Sitapur, xiii. 34, 35 ; Sonpur, xiii. 63 ;
Sultanpur, xiii. 100 ; the Sundarbans,
xiii. 112; Supa, xiii. I16; Surat, xiii.
126; Sylhet, xiii. 151, 152; Talbehat,
xiii. 164; Tanjore, xiii. 187; Tarai,
xiii. 209 ; Taung-ngu, xiii. 224, 225 ;
Tavoy, xiii. 232 ; Thana, xiii. 255 ;
Thar and Parkar, xiii. 268, 269 ;
Tharawadi, xiii. 273 ; Thayet - myo,
xiii. 283; Thon-g«a, xiii. 291 ; Tigaria,
xiii. 294 ; Tinnevelli, xiii. 306 ; Tip-
perah, xiii. 317 ; Travancore, xiii. 349 ;
Trichinopoli, xiii. 360 ; Tulsipur, xiii.
373 ; Tumki'ir, xiii. 378 ; Twenty-four
Parganas, xiii. 394 ; Udaipur (Bengal),
xiii. 412 ; Unao, xiii. 427, 432 ; Vira-
rajendra-pet, xiii. 478 ; Vizagapatam,
xiii. 492 ; Wainad, xiii. 510 ; Yedator,
xiii. 55o._
Rice - husking mills. Steam, Akyah, i.
159 ; Amherst, i. 241 ; Bassein, ii. 203 ;
Lower Burma, iii. 197 ; Chittagong,
iii. 441 ; Rangoon, xi. 4S4, 488.
Rice, Prices of. See Agricultural section
of each District article.
Rice, Centres of trade in, Akyab, i. 158,
159, 160 ; Amherst, i. 241 ; Balasor,
ii. 9 ; Bassein, ii. 202, 203 ; Beypur,
ii. 335 ; Brahmanbaria, iii. 92 ;
Chandkhali, iii. 358, 359 ; Chhanchia
Mirganj, iii. 394 ; Chhanuya, iii. 394 ;
Chittagong, iii. 445 ; Churaman, iii.
INDEX.
277
461 ; Colonelganj, iv. 24 ; Dacca, iv.
91 ; Dai'idpur, iv. 158; Ghogharo, v.
73 ; Hilli on the Jamuna, vii. 136 ;
Kasba, viii. 59 ; Nawabganj, x. 248,
249 ; Rangoon, xi. 487, 488 ; Roha,
xii. 60 ; Sahibganj, xii. 135 ; Saifganj,
xii. 141 ; Satkhira, xii. 287 ; Sherpur
(Maimansingh), xii. 382 ; Taki, xiii.
162; Tanda Badridan, xiii. 175; Umar-
pur, xiii. 421 ; Wa-gay-ma, xiii. 508.
Richards, Brigadier- General, turned the
position of Old Arakan in first Burmese
war, i. 153.
Richards, Colonel, commanded the ex-
pedition against the Kols of Singhbhum
(1S36-37), xii. 533.
Richelieu, Cardinal, founded the first
French East India Company (1642),
iv. 451,
Richthofen, Baron von, quoted, on the
Himalaya Mountains, v. 404.
Ridgeway, Colonel Sir J. W., commanded
the march of the Afghan Boundary
Commission through Afghanistan (1 884),
vii. 275.
Ridhpur. See Ritpur.
' Right-hand ' and ' left-hand ' castes of
Madras, article ' India,' vi. 196, 197.
See also Madras, ix. 21 ; Madura, ix.
127.
Rig- Veda, the earliest Sanskrit hymnal,
vi. 77, 88 ; its antiquity, 77, 78 ; caste
and widow burning unknown, 78 ; the
story of the Aryan advance into India,
79 ; Aryan civilisation in the Veda, 79 ;
the gods of the\'eda, 79-81 ; Vediccon-
ceptions of the Deity, the modern blood-
loving gods unknown, 82 ; Vedic
hymns and prayers, 84-86 ; primitive
Aryan form of burial, 84 ; cremation
substituted for burial, 84, 85 ; Vedic
legend of Yama, the king of death,
85 ; the Vedic farewell to the dead,
85, 86.
Rikheswar. See Lohaghat.
Rintimbur. See Ranthambhor.
Rio Pardo, Count de, repelled inroads
from Sawantwari into Goa (1817))
deposed (1821), v. 106.
Rioti. See Reoti.
Riotipur. See Reotipur.
Riots, Bareilly (1S71), ii. 147 ; Broach
(1857), iii. 109 : Burhanpur (1849), iii.
164; Cuddapah (1832), iv. 50; Dhar-
war (1837), iv. 267 ; Kaira, vii. 308;
Mubarakpur (1813, 1842), ix. 525; in-
digo, in Nadiya (i860), x. 131 ; Xasik
(1843), X. 229 ; Pabna (1873), x. 513 ;
Pilibhit (1871), xi. 173 ; Savda (1852),
xii. 295 ; Shahabad (1868), xii. 335.
Ripon, Marquis of. Viceroy of India
(1880-84); conclusion of the Afghan
war, amendment of criminal procedure,
revenue reforms, Education Commis-
sion, abolition of custom duties, Ben-
gal Tenancy Bill, vi. 427 - 429 ; laid
foundation stone of the Merewether
pier, Kiamari (18S0), viii. 215.
Ripu, Dwar or submontane tract in
Assam, xii. 57.
Rise of the Maratha power, article
' India,' vi. 307, 308. See also Vol.
vi. chapter xii. The Maratha power,
pp. 317-324-
Rishikund, hot spring in Bengal, xii. 57.
Risings and insurrections, of Kolis in
Broach (1823), iii. 109; of Cacharis at
Maibong (1881), iii. 232, ix. 135, 187,
188 ; of Gandas in South Kanara and
Coorg (1837), iv. 31, vii. 378, ix. 313 ;
of Gujars inDehra Dun (1814), iv. 172;
of the Vagher tribes (1859), iv. 327;
of the Kandhs (1865), v. 41 ; of the
zamindars in Golconda (1845, 1857), v.
145; in Gumsiir (1836), v. 199; of the
Raja of Jaitpur (1842), v. 299 ; of the
Thakur of Hatheras (1817), v. 355 ;
in Hazara, v. 362 ; of Sikhs in Hoshi-
arpur (1848), v. 453 ; of the Jaintias
(i860, 1S62), vii. 48, 249, viii. 172; in
the Jaipur ;fl;«/«;/(f;'/( 1 848, 1850, 1855),
vii. 64; of the Sauras (1864-65), vii.
64, xiii. 495 ; in Kadur (1831), vii. 284 ;
in Kangra (1848), vii, 417; of the
Karens (1S57), viii. 5, 6 ; of the
Kandhs in Karond (1882), viii. 47 ; of
the Bhuiyas and Juangs in Keunjhar
(1861), viii. 121 ; of the Khamtis in
Lakhimpur (1839), viii. 144, 429, xii.
93 ; of Surendra Sa (1S60), viii. 169 ;
of the Khasis (1829), viii. 71 ; in
Kithur(i824, 1829), viii. 238;inKolha-
pur (1838), viii. 282 ; of the Kols in
ChutiaNagpur(i83i, 1832), viii. 478; of
the Cheros and Kharwars in Lohardaga
(1832), viii. 479; of the Kukas in
Ludhiana (1872), viii. 520; of the
Vagher tribes (1S67), viii. 532, 533; in
Rampa (1879), ix. 14, xi. 454 ; in
Mahi Kantha, ix. 176, 177 ; of the
Bhils in Pol, ix. 177 ; of the Karens
at Myaung-mya, x. 85 ; of the Faraizis
in Nadiya (1831), x. 134; at Nagar
Parkar (1859), x. 158 ; of the Naikdas
in Narukot (1837, 1858, 1868), x. 227;
in Nasik (1857), x. 229; in Palukonda
(1822), X. 534 ; of the Naikdas in the
Panch Mahals (1868), xi. 30 ; in Parla
Kimedi (1819, 1833, 1857), xi. 64, 65;
of the pdiks in Puri (1817), xi. 302,
303 ; at Putiir (1837), xi. 336 ; of the
Bundelas in Sagar (1842), xii. 102 ; of
the Gujars in Saharanpur (1813, 1814),
xii. 117; in the Sahvin Hill Tracts
(1867), xii. 176 ; in Sambalpur (1827,
1839, 1863), xii. 180, 181 ; of the
278
INDEX.
Santals (1855, 1856), xii. 228, 238 ; in
Sawantwari (1839, 1844), xii. 298 ; in
Shimoga (1830), xii. 401 ; in Shwe-
gyin, xii. 434; at Sindgi (1824^, xii.
526 ; in Tavoy (1829), xiii. 229 ; in
Thar and Parkar (1846, 1859), xiii.
264, 265 ; of the Nairs in Travancore
(1809), xiii. 347 ; in Vizagapatam
(1832, 1848, 1858), xiii. 488 ; m Wun
(1S48, 1849), xiii. 540.
Risod, town in Berar, xii. 57-
Ritpur, town in Berar, xii. 58.
River-borne trade, Statistics of. See Com-
merce and trade section of each District
article, and specially Assam, i. 367; Ba-
karganj, i. 441, 447; Bannu, ii. 95, 96;
Barak river, ii. 118, 1 19; Bengal, ii. 310;
Bogra, iii. 30, 3 1 ; Brahmaputra river, iii.
97, 98; Calcutta, iii. 268, 269 ; Chand-
bali, iii. 358 ; Chandkhali, iii. 359 ;
Colonelganj, iv. 24 ; Dacca, iv. 86, 87;
Dinajpur, iv. 295, 296 ; Faridpur, iv.
405 ; Fazilka, iv. 436 ; Ganges river,
iv. 469-471; Goalanda, v. no,
III ; Godna, v. 135-137; Gorakhpur,
V. 173 ; Haiatpur, v. 239 ; Indus
river, vii. 16 ; Irawadi river, vii. 23 ;
Jafarganj, vii. 39 ; Jalangi river, vii.
92; Jamuna river, vii. 135; Jangipur,
vii. 137; Kamnip, vii. 364 ; Keti, viii.
119; Kushtia, viii. 379; Maldah, ix.
246 ; Mandalay, ix. 290 ; Monghyr,
ix. 487 ; Mursliidabad, x. 28, 29 ;
Nadiya, x. 137, 138 ; Narainganj, x.
202, 203 ; Nawabganj, x. 248, 249 ;
Nigriting, X. 300; Nowgong, x. 412,
413; Pabna, x. 517, 518; Patna, xi.
110-114; Raiganj, xi. 362; Rajshahi,
xi. 436, 437; Rampur Beauleah, xi.
462 ; Rangoon, xi. 487, 488 ; Rang-
pur, xi. 498, 499; Rasra, xi. 514;
Sahibganj, xii. 134, 135 ; Shamsher-
ganj, xii. 376; Sherpur (Maimansingh),
xii. 382 ; Sirajganj, xii. 548 - 550 ;
Sonamganj, xiii. 58 ; Sukkur, xiii. 93 ;
Sultanganj, xiii. 95 ; the Sundarbans,
xiii. 112; Swarupganj, xiii. 142; Sylhet,
xiii. 154.
River communication, vi. 15, 16; 19, 20;
551-553-
River plains of India, article ' India,'
vi. 10-34 ; the great rivers, Ganges,
Jumna, Indus (with Sutlej), and Brah-
maputra, 11-20 ; the different stages in
the life of an Indian river, 21-23 • the
Bengal delta and process of land-
making, 23-28 ; rivers as irrigators and
as highways, 28, 29 ; destructive floods,
29-32 ; poetry of Indian river names,
32 ; crops and scenery of the river
plains and the Bengal delta, 32-34.
River systems of Northern India, vi. 10,
II ; of Southern India, 37, 38.
Rivers, The most important in Afghanis-
tan, i. 30-33 ; in Afghan-Turkistan, i.
54 ; the Alaknanda, i. 161, 162 ;
Ambika, i. 229 ; Amravati, i. 252 ;
Baghniati, i. 418 ; Baitarani, i. 437,
438 ; Baleswar, ii. 12 ; in Baluchistan,
ii. 35 ; Bands, ii. 44 ; Banganga, ii.
72; Bara, ii. 105; Barak, ii. 118, 119;
Bassein, ii. 203, 204 ; Beas, ii. 221,
222 ; Bhagirathi, ii. 353, 354 ; Bilin,
ii. 458 ; Brahmani, iii. 92 ; Brahma-
putra, iii. 93-98; Burabalang, iii. 161 :
Buri Dihing, iii. 166 ; Burl Gandak,
iii. 166; Cauvery, iii. 277-279; Cham-
bal, iii. 331, 332 ; Chandra, iii. 362 ;
Chandragiri, iii. 363, 364 ; Chenab,
iii- 379i 3S0 ; Chhota Bhagirathi, iii.
404 ; Chitra, iii. 432 ; Coleroon, iv.
22 ; Cortelliar, iv. 43 ; Damodar, iv.
105 - 107 ; Daya, iv. 163 ; Degh, iv.
167 ; Devi, iv. 233 ; Dhadhar, iv.
237, 238 ; Dhaleswari, iv. 238 ; Dhal-
kisor, iv. 238, 239 ; Dhamra, iv. 241 ;
Dhaneswari, iv. 244; Dhasan, iv. 267,
268 ; Dihing, iv. 288 ; Disoi, iv. 305 ;
Dwarka, iv. 327 ; Gadadhar, iv. 456 ;
Gambila, iv. 461, 462; Great Gandak,
iv. 462, 463 ; Ganges, iv. 466 - 472 ;
Ghaggar, v. 54, 55 ; Girwa, v. 86, 87;
Godavari, v. 131-134 ; Gogra, v. 138-
140 ; Gumti, v. 199, 200 ; Gundla-
kamna, v. 202; Gyaing, v. 237; Hab,
V. 238 ; Hajamro, v. 290 ; Haldi, v.
295 ; Hari Rud, v. 340 ; Haroh, v.
341; Haung-tharaw, v. 357, 358;
Hemavati, v. 382 ; Hindan, v. 414 ;
HIaing, v. 435, 436; Hpyu, v. 466;
Hugh, v. 467-489 ; Indus, vii. 10-17 '■>
Irawadi, vii. 19-23 ; Jalangi, vii. 92,
93 ; Jaldhaka, vii. 103 ; Jamuna {4),
vii. 134 - 136 ; Jehlam, vii. 165 - 166 ;
Jumna, vii. 254-256; Kabadak, vii.
265 ; Kabul, vii. 275-277 ; Kala Kiisi,
vii. 322 ; Kalang, vii. 323 ; Kali Nadi
(2), vii. 327; Kalindri, vii. 328; Kamla,
vii. 352, 353; Kanhan, vii. 431 ; Kans-
bans, vii. 436, 437; Kapili, vii. 440,
441 ; Kapini, \-ii. 441 ; Karamnasa,
vii. 464, 465 ; Karnaphuli, viii. 30 ;
Kartairi, vii. 49, 50 ; Kasai, viii. 57;
Katjuri, viii. 99 ; Kauriala, viii. 103 ;
Ken, viii. 112; Khairabad, viii. 129;
Kirtinasa, viii. 221, 222 ; Kistna, viii.
234-237; Koel (2), viii. 241, 242;
Kori, viii. 298 ; Ku-la-dan, viii. 331,
332 ; Kulsi, viii. 334 ; Kumar (2), viii.
345 ; Kunhar, viii. 365 ; Kuram, viii.
370 ; Kusi, viii. 379, 3S0 ; Kwa, viii.
382 ; Kyun-ton, viii. 391 ; Lakhandai,
viii. 424 ; Lakhmia, viii. 440 ; Laksh-
mantirtha, viii. 443 ; Langai, viii. 460 ;
Langaliya, viii. 460, 461 ; Lohit, viii.
488 ; Madura, ix. 135 ; IMahanadi (2),
INDEX.
279
ix. 156-164; Mahananda, ix. 164;
JNIahi, ix. 173, 174; Maipara, ix. 213;
IManas, ix. 276 ; Matabhanga, ix. 358,
359 ; Matamuri, ix. 360 ; ]\Iatla, ix.
365, 366; Ma-tun, ix. 366, 367; Mayu,
ix. 379 ; Meghna, ix. 394, 395 ; >Iohan,
ix. 471; Mor, ix. 503; Moyar, ix.
523 ; Nambar, x. 188 ; Nandakuja,
x. 188; Narbada, x. 207-210; Na-\vin,
X. 225; Nojal, X. 416; Xiin, x. 417;
of Orissa, x. 427, 42S ; Pabar, x. 510,
511 ; Pak-chan, x. 531; Palar, x. 541;
Pambai, xi. 21 ; Panar, xi. 25, 26 ;
Panchpara, xi. 34 ; Panjnad, xi. 48 ;
Papaghni, xi. 53 ; Paravanar, xi. 59 ;
Parbati, xi. 60 ; Parwan, xi. 78, 79 ;
Pegu, xi. 128, 129; Pench, xi. 132;
■ Penner (2), xi. 133, 134 ; Periyar, xi.
140; Phalgu, xi. 163; Pheni, xi. 166,
167; Piali, xi. 169; Pin, xi. 181 ;
Poini, xi. 194; Ponani, xi. 198; Pran-
hita, xi. 223 ; Punpi'm, xi. 296 ; Purna,
xi. 320; Purnabhaba, xi. 320, 321 ;
Raidhak, xi. 361 ; Ramganga (2), xi.
445, 446; Ranganadi, xi. 470, 471 ;
Ranjit (2), xi. 509, 510; Rapti, xi.
511, 512; Rasulpur, xi. 516; Ravi,
xii. 14, 15 ; Rupnarayan, xii. 84 ;
Rushikulya, xii. 87; Sai, xii. 138, 139;
Sakri, xii. 148 ; Salandi, xii. 149 ;
Salwin, xii. 170-172 ; Sameswari, xii.
189, 190; Sandoway, xii. 205; Sangu,
xii. 220, 221 ; Sankh, xii. 222, 223 ;
Sanku, xii. 225 ; Saraswati {3), xii.
261, 262 ; Sarda, xii. 263 ; Savitri, xii.
295 ; Sharavati, xii. 377; Shwe-gyin,
xii. 435 ; Shwe-le, xii. 436 ; Singi-
mari, xii. 541 ; Sipra, xii. 545 > Siran,
xii. 551 ; Sit-taung, xiii. 40, 41 ; Sohan,
xiii. 47 ; Solani, xiii. 49 ; Son, xiii.
52 - 54 ; Spiti, xiii. 68, 69, 73, 74 ;
\ Subansiri, xiii. 83, 84 ; Subarnarekha,
xiii. 84, 85 ; Sukheta, xiii. 90, 91 ;
Sutlej, xiii. 140, 141 ; Swat, xiii.
142; Tambraparni, xiii. 169- 171;
Tangan, xiii. 179; Tapli, xiii. 200-
205 ; Tavoy, xiii. 234, 235 ; Tawa,
xiii. 235 ; Tenasserim, xiii. 240, 241 ;
Tlia - le - dan, xiii. 247 ; Thauk - ye-
gat, xiii. 275, 276 ; Thaung-yin, xiii.
276 ; Tiljuga, xiii. 296, 297 ; Tipai,
xiii. 312 ; Tista, xiii. 330-334 ; Titas,
xiii. 335 ; Tons (2), xiii. 338, 339 ;
Tsan-pu, xiii. 371 ; Tunga, xiii. 382,
383 ; Tungabhadra, xiii. 3S3 ; Ul, xiii.
418 ; Vaigai, xiii. 460 ; Vamsadhara,
xiii. 462 ; Varada, xiii. 463 ; Vara-
hanadi, xiii. 463, 464 ; Vedavati, xiii.
465 ; Vellore, xiii. 467 ; Wainganga,
xiii. 512; Wan, xiii. 516, 517; Wardha,
xiii. 530 ; Yagachi, xiii. 547; Ye, xiii.
549, 550; Yun-za-lin, xiii. 557; Za-mi,
xiii. 561.
River traffic of the Ganges and Gangetic
channels, and of the port of Calcutta,
article ' India,' vi. 20.
Riwari. See Rewari.
Roads, old military routes, the ' Grand
Trunk Road,' inland route from Bom
bay, extension of minor roads, vi. 550,
551. See also Communications.
Roberts, Sir Frederick, his march from
Kabul to Kandahar and defeat of Ayi'ib
Khan, article ' India,' vi. 427. Local
notices — Occupied Kabul and punished
it for the murder of Cavagnari (1880),
i. 52 ; visited Ghazni (Aug. iSSo), v.
72 ; his battles at Kabul {6th and Sth
Oct.), vii. 273, and defence of his
camp (23rd Dec. 1S80), vii. 274 ; his
march to Kandahar, vii. 396 ; and
victory there (ist Sept. 1881), vii. 397;
advanced along the Kuram valley
(1878), viii. 369 ; advanced along the
Shutar Gardan pass (1879), xii. 426.
Roberts, Rev. Hugh, maintains normal
school at Cherra Punji, iii. 393.
Roberts, P. R., Executive Engineer,
gave a special report for the article on
the Hugh' river, v. 469.
Robertsganj, town and tahsll in N.-\V.
Provinces, xii. 59.
Robertson, H. D., defeated the Giijar
leader, Raja Fattma, at Gangoh (1857),
iv. 477.
Robertson, Lieut., Historical Narrative
of Caiiihay, quoted, iii. 272.
Robertson, Mr , Superintendent of the
Saidapet Government model farm
(1865), xii. 140.
Robins, Mr., his buildings and improve-
ments on Fort St. George, ix. 107.
Robinson's History of Assam, quoted, on
the Ahams, i. 79 ; his estimate of the
population of Nowgong in 1841, x.
408 ; of Sibsagar, xii. 463.
Robinson, Sir \V. R., acting Governor of
Madras (1875), ix. 67.
Rock Edicts of Asoka, article ' India,'
vi. 144, 145 (footnote); 146 and foot-
note. See also Asoka.
Rockhill, :\Ir. W. \Voodville, Life of the
Buddha, and the Early History of his
Order, derived from Tibetan works,
and translated by, quoted, vi. 137
(footnote 2); 138 (footnote 2); 154
(footnote 2); 160 (footnote 2); 176
(footnote I); 177 (footnotes).
Rock temples. See Cave and rock temples.
Roe, Sir Thomas, first British Ambassador
to India, in thereignof Jahangir (1615),
article ' India,' vi. 301 ; 367. Local
notices — Obtained leave to establish a
factory at Mokha, i. 16; his account
of his presentation to the Emperor
Jahangir at Ajmere (1615), i. 121 ; and
280
INDEX,
to Prince Parviz at Burhanpur (1614),
iii. 163 ; his description of Khandesh,
viii. 152 ; his return from Jahangir to
Surat with important privileges (1618),
xiii. 121.
Roha, town and Sub-division in Bombay,
xii. 59, 60.
Rohar, seaport in Cutch, Bombay, xii.
60.
Rohilkhand, Di\-ision or Commissioner-
ship in N.-W. Provinces, xii. 60-63.
Rohilkhand and Bijnaur canal, article
' India,' vi. 533.
Rohilla war, article ' India,' vi. 390 ;
British victories at East Fatehganj, iv.
419 ; Miranpur Katra, ix. 441 ; Tisua,
xiii. 334.
Rohillas, The, in Aligarh, i. 170 ; their
capture of Almora (1744), i. 201 ; in
Bareilly, ii. 139 ; in Bijnaur, ii. 429 ;
defeated the Mughal forces at Dham-
pur (1750), iv. 241; in Farukhabad, iv,
410, 411 ; defeated at East Fatehganj
(1774), iv. 419; at West Fatehganj
(1794), iv. 420 ; in Fatehpur, iv. 424 ;
twice repulsed from Garhwal, v. 18 ;
sacked Jansath (1737), vii. 142; in-
vaded Kumaun (1744), and were de-
feated there (1745), viii. 350; defeated
at Miranpur Katra (1774), ix. 441; their
conduct at the battle of Panipat (1761),
xi. 45-47 ; in Pilibhit, xi. 172, 173 ;
their dynasty in Rampur, xi. 455, 456 ;
in Shahjahanpur, xii. 345 ; defeated at
Tisua (1774), xiii. 334.
Rohisa, village in Kathiawar, xii. 63.
Rohisala, petty State in Kathiawar, xii.
Rohna, town in Central Provinces, xii.
63-.
Rohri, Sub-division of Sind, xii. 63-66.
Rohri, taluk in Sind, xii. 66.
Rohri, historic town and river-crossing in
Sind, xii. 66-68.
Rohtak, District in Punjab, xii. 68-76 ;
physical aspects, 68, 69 ; history; 69-
71 ; population, 71, 72 ; agriculture,
72-74 ; natural calamities, 74i 75 >
trade, etc., 75 ; administration, 75, 76 ;
sanitary, 76.
Rohtak, tahsil in Punjab, xii. 76, 77.
Rohtak, ancient town in Punjab, xii.
77-
Rohtang, pass over Himalayas in Punjab,
xii. 77, 78.
Rohtas. See Rotas.
Rohtasgarh, ancient hill fort in Bengal,
xii. 78.
Rogham, town in Punjab, xii. 78.
Rojhi, island and lighthouse in Kathia-
war, xii. 79.
Rokha Jais. See Yais.
Roman Catholics, Distribution of, in
India, article ' India,' vi. 257 ; the
Verapoli vicariate, 257 ; Roman and
Syrian Catholic population of India,
257-259 ; Catholic progress, colleges,
and schools, 257 - 259. See also
Catholic Missions.
Roman trade with India (190 A. D.), vi.
234.
Ron, town and Sub-division in Bombay,
xii. 79.
Ronahi, town in Oudh, xii. 79.
Roorkee. See Rurki.
Ropes, made at Anantapur, i. 278 ;
Baidyabati, i. 436 ; Bellary, ii. 247 ;
Etah, iv. 364 ; Gaya, v. 50 ; Hoshiar-
pur, V. 456 ; Hugli, v. 496 ; Jalandhar,
vii. 89 ; Janjira, vii. 139 ; Lohardaga,
viii. 485 ; Maharajnagar, ix. 165 ;
Nagina, x. 160 ; Nellore, x. 269 ;
Padrauna, x. 526 ; Satara, xii. 282 ;
Shimoga, xii. 404 ; Tumkur, xiii. 379 ;
Upper Sind Frontier, xiii. 447 ;
Wardha, xiii. 527.
Rori, town in Punjab, xii. 80.
Rors, agricultural caste, akin to the Jats,
in Karnal, viii. 23.
Rosaries, Chrysolite, made at Kandahar,
i- 39> vii- 391-
Rose gardens at Patna, xi. 543 ; Sinha-
chalam, xii. 543.
Rose, Gen. Sir Hugh (Lord Strathnairn),
his campaign in Central India, article
' India,' vi. 421, 422. Local notices —
Took Garhakota, v. 13 ; took Gwalior,
V. 233 ; defeated the mutineers at
Kunch, vii. 96 ; took Jhansi, vii. 219,
220 ; defeated mutineers at Kalpi, vii.
342 ; defeated Raja of Bhanpur at
Barodia Nawanagar, viii. 449 ; took
Rahatgarh, xi. 346 ; his campaign in
Sagar, xii. 103 ; destroyed fort of
Talbehat, xiii. 164.
Roshnabad, estate in Bengal, xii. 80.
Roshra. See Rusera.
Ross, Gen. Sir John, commanded divi-
sion at the battle of Kandahar (1880),
vii. 397.
Ross, Col., completed Fort St. George,
Madras (1787), ix. 107.
Ross, Lieut., Assistant Political Agent,
Simla Hill States, built the first
cottage at Simla (1819), xii. 496.
Ross, Mr., his efforts to check the
mutiny at Nagpur, x. 169.
Rotas, historic hill fort in Punjab, xii.
80.
Rotasgarh. See Rohtasgarh.
Rotation of crops, vi. 403.
Roth's, Professor, ' Indische Medizin,
Karaka,' published in the ZeitschHft
der Deutschen Moi-genlandischen
Geselhchaft for 1872, quoted, vi. no
(footnote).
INDEX.
281
Roughsedge, Major, his restoration of
Jeth Singh to Sambalpur (1817), xii.
180 ; his visit to settle Sarguja (1813),
xii. 267 ; his expedition against the
Kols of Singhbhum (1820), xii. 532.
Rouk-thwa. ^ee Yauk-thwa.
Rowlatt, Col. E. A., his visit to the
Mishmi Hills (1845), ''^- ^^l-
Roxburgh, his Coroinandel Plants and
Flora Indica, referred to, ix. 81.
Rozi. See Rojhi.
Rubies, found in Badakshan, i. 407 ;
Upper Burma, iii. 211 ; Chanda, iii.
349 ; Kistna, viii. 226 ; Wairagarh,
xiii. 513.
Rudauli, town and pargand in Oudh, xii.
80, 81.
Rudra Himala, mountain peak in Garh-
■\val, N.-W. Provinces, xii. 81.
Rudra Prayag, temple in Garhwal,
N.-W. Provinces, xii. 81.
Rudrapur, town in N.-\V. Provinces, xii.
81.
Rudrapur, village in N.-W. Provinces,
xii. 81.
Rudra Singh, greatest of the Ahom
kings in Assam, i. 344 ; brought
Brahman colony into Assam, i, 355.
Rugs. See Blankets.
Ruined cities. See Cities, Ruined.
Ruins. See Antiquarian remains.
Rukn-ud-din, Emperor (1236), when
Governor of Budaun, built the Jama
Masjid there, iii. 117.
Rum, manufactured at Aska in Ganjam,
v. 7, 8 ; Rosa in Shahjahanpur, xii.
353-
Rumbold, Sir Thomas, Governor of
Madras (1778-80), ix. 67 ; dismissed
on account of his dealings with the
Raja of Vizianagram, xiii. 4S6, 500.
Rumpah. See Rampa.
Runang, pass in Himalayas, Punjab,
xii. 81, 82.
Run-za-lin. Sec Yun-za-lin.
Rupal, petty State and town in Bombay,
xii. 82.
Riipar, town and tahsil in Punjab, xii.
82,83.
Rupbas, town in Rajputana, xii. 83.
Rupgarh, fort in Baroda, xii. 83.
Rupnagar, town in Udaipur State, Raj-
putana, xii. 83, 84.
Rupnagar, town in Kishangarh State,
Rajputana, xii. 84.
Rupnarayan, river of Bengal, xii. 84.
Rupnarayan Canal, in Bengal, xii. 84,
85.
Rupnath, village and temple in Assam,
xii. 85.
Rural population, article 'India,' vi.
46; proportion of urban to rural popu-
lation, 46 ; number and population of
villages and towns. Appendix H.
690.
Rurkha Kalan, town in Punjab, xii. 85.
Rurki, tahsil in Punjab, xii. 85.
Ri'irki, town and engineering college in
Punjab, xii. 85, 86.
Rusera, trading town in Bengal, xii. 86,
Rushikulya, river in Madras, xii. 87.
Russell, George, Special Commissioner
in the Parla Kimedi and Gumsur
campaigns, did much to settle Ganjam,
V. 4 ; acting Governor of Madras
(1837), ix. 67 ; his suggestions for
the settlement of Vizagapatam, xiii.
486.
Russell, Sir Henry, his portrait by
Chinnery in the High Court, Cal-
cutta, iii. 251.
P.ussell, Mr., designed the Residency at
Haidarabad, v. 253.
Russell, Dr. W. H., quoted on the ruins
of Old Goa, V. 108.
Russellkonda, town in Madras, xii. 87.
Rustam Khan Talpur, Mir, fled to
Imamgarh, but was pursued by Sir C.
Napier and surrendered, v. 509.
Rustam. See Rastam.
Rutlam. See Ratlam.
Rwa-taung. See Ywa-taung.
Rwe. See Ywe.
Rwon-za-leng. See Yun-za-lin.
Rybot, Lieut., had to fight his way
through the Singhora pass to relieve
Sambalpur (1857), xii. 178.
Saadat AH Khan, first Nawab Wazir of
Oudh (1732-43), made himself inde-
pendent (1732), V. 64; made Lucknow
his capital, viii. 505, 506 ; repulsed
the Marathas, x. 367 ; his reign and
history, x. 489 ; defeated the Marathas
at Sikandarabad (1736), xii. 478.
Saadat AH Khan, sixth Nawab of Oudh
( 1 798-1814), first farmed out the taxes,
i. 428 ; his buildings at Lucknow, in-
cluding the Dilkusha, \m. 508, 509.
Saddatganj, town in Oudh, xii. 87.
Saadat-ulla Khan, first Nawab of the
Karnatik, made Arcot his capital, and
is buried there, i. 311, 313.
Sabarhad, village in N.-\V, Provinces,
xii. 87, 88.
Sabari, river in Madras, xii. 88.
Sabathu, cantonment in Punjab. See
Subathu.
Sabay-yon, township in Lower Burma,
xii. 88.
Sabdar AH, murdered by Murtiza All at
Vellore (1741), xiii. 468.
282
INDEX.
Sabhar, village and ruins in Bengal, xii.
88.
Sabi, river in Punjab. See Sahibi.
Sabuktigin, Governor of Khorasan, and
father of Mahmi'id of Ghazni, took
Peshawar (978), his invasion of the
Punjab, xi. 261.
Sabzavar, town in Afghanistan, i. 35.
Sachin, Native State in Bombay, xii.
88-90.
Sachin, capital of Sachin State, xii. 90.
Saard Books of the East, by Prof. Max
Miiller, quoted, vi. 161 (footnotes 4, 5,
6, 7, and 8).
Sacrifice, Human. See Human sacrifice.
Sadabad, talisil in N.-W. Provinces, xii,
90. ?l- .
Sadabad, town in N.-W. Provinces, xii.
Sadalgi, town in Bombay, xii. 91, 92.
Sadashivgarh, hill fort in Bombay, xii. 92.
Sadat Masonda, village in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, xii. 92.
Sadhaura, town in Punjab, xii. 92, 93.
Sadiya, tract in Assam, xii, 93.
Sadiya, military outpost and fair in
Assam, xii. 93, 94.
Sadras, town and old Dutch settlement
in Madras, xii. 94.
Sadri (Large), town in Rajputana, xii.
94, 95-
Sadri (Small), town in Rajputana, xii.
95- , ,
Sadr Jahan, Akbar s chancellor, his tomb
at Pihani, xi. 170.
Sadrpur, town and par^afid in Oudh, xii.
95- ,
Sadullanagar, pargaiid in Oudh, xu. 95,
Sadullanagar, village in Oudh, xii. 96.
SaduUapur, village in Bengal, xii. 96, 97.
SaduUapur, battle-field in the Punjab,
xii. 97.
Safdar Jang, second Nawab of Oudh
(1743-53), ^sl'i Allahabad, i. 196;
his war with the Rohillas, ii. 139;
whom he defeated at Bisauli, iv. 41 1 ;
conquered Fatehpur, iv. 424 ; built
the jNIachi Bhawan at Lucknow, viii.
506 ; his reign in Oudh, x. 489.
Safdar Jang, Sadozai chief, besieged
Kandahar (1842), yii, 393, 394.
Safed Koh, mountain range forming a
portion of the western boundaiy be-
tween British India and Afghanistan,
xii. 97-99; article 'India,' vi. 3, 6.
Safflower, Export of, article ' India,' vi.
574. Local notices — Cultivated in Am-
bala, i. 220 ; Amritsar, i. 259 ; Bakar-
ganj, i. 445 ; Bijnaur, ii. 432 ; Bom-
bay, iii. 53 ; Bulandshahr, iii. 137 ;
Dacca, iv. 85 ; Daflapur, iv. 94 ;
Faridpur, iv. 403 ; Hoshiarpur, v.
455 ; Jahangirabad, vii. 44 ; Jath, vii,
148 ; ivaladgi, vii. 318 ; North Kanara,
vii. 372 ; Kolhapur, viii. 281 ; Meerut,
ix. 387 ; N.-W. Provinces, x. 380 ;
Shahabad, xii. 329 ; Sitapur, xiii. 34 ;
Tipperah, xiii. 317.
Saffrai, river in Assam, xii. 99.
Saffron, grown or prepared in Cuddapah,
iv. 52 ; Islamabad, vii. 26 ; Kalsia,
vii, 344 ; Kashmir, viii. 71 ; Madras,
ix. 30, 31 ; Pampur, xi. 24.
Safipur, tahsil in Oudh, xii. 99.
Safipur, pargand in Oudh, xii. 99, 100.
Safipur, town in Oudh, xii. 100.
Sagar, District in Central Provinces, xii.
100-107 j physical aspects, loo, loi ;
history, 101-103 ; mutiny, 102, 103 ;
population, 103-105 ; agriculture, 105,
106 ; commerce and trade, 106, 107 ;
administration, 107 ; medical aspects,
107.
Sagar, tahsil in Central Provinces, xii.
107, 108.
Sagar, town and cantonment in Central
Provinces, xii. loS, 109.
Sagar, island at the mouth of the Hi'igli
river, Bengal, xii. 109, IIO ; celebrated
place of pilgrimage, article ' India, '
vi. 17, 18.
Sagar, taluk in Mysore, xii. IIO, III.
Sagar, town in Mysore, xii. iii.
Sagargarh, hill fort and health resort in
Bombay, xii. ill.
Sage, Gen., commanded at Sagar (1857),
and defended the fort there, xii. 103.
Sagri, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces, xii,
111, 112.
Sah, local dynasty in Kathiawar, viii. 90.
Sah, village in N.-W. Provinces, xii,
112, 113.
Sahar, town in N.-W. Provinces, xii, 113.
Saharanpur, District in N.-W. Provinces,
xii. 1 1 3- 1 24; physical aspects, II3-
115; wild animals, I15; history, I15-
118; population, 1 18-120 ; agriculture,
120, 121 ; natural calamities, 121, 122 ;
commerce and trade, 122 ; administra-
tion, 122, 123 ; education, 123 ; medi-
cal aspects, 123, 124.
Saharanpur, tahsil in N.-W, Provinces,
X. 124.
Saharanpur, city in N.-W. Provinces, x.
124, 125.
Sahariyas, aboriginal tribe in Lalitpur,
viii. 447, 451, 456.
Sahaspur, town in N.-W, Provinces, x.
125.
Sahaswan, town and tahsil in N.-W.
Provinces. See Sahiswan.
Sahatwar, town in N.-W. Provinces,
See Mahatwar,
Sahawar, town in N.-W. Provinces, xii.
125, 126.
INDEX.
283
Sahet Mahet, or Sravasti, Buddhist anti-
quities and ruins in Oudh, xii. 126-134.
Sahibganj, town in Bengal, xii. 134, 135.
Sahibganj, civil station of Gaya District,
Bengal, xii. 135.
Sahibganj, village in Muzaffarpur, Bengal,
xii. 135.
Sahibganj, village in Rangpur, Bengal,
xii. 135.
Sahibganj, village in Bardwan, Bengal,
xii. 135.
Sahibganj, village in Bakarganj, Bengal,
xn. I
jj-
Sahibi, hill stream in Punjab, xii. 136.
Sahib Singh, chief of Gujrat, his wars with
Ranjit Singh, deposed (1810), v. 190.
Sahispur, town in N.-W. Provinces. See
Sahaspur.
Sahiswan, tahsil and town in N.-W.
Provinces, xii. 136.
Sahiwal, town in Punjab, xii. 136, 137.
Sahpau, town in N. -W. Provinces, xii. 137.
Sahu, son and nominal successor of Sam-
bhaji, vi. 319, 320.
Sahuka, petty State in Kathiawar, xii.
Sahyadri, mountain range in Bombay,
xii. 137, 138.
Sai, river in Oudh, xii. 138, 139.
Saidabad, town in N.-W. Provinces. See
Sayyidabad.
Saidapet, taluk in Madras, xii. 139, 140.
Saidapet, town in Madras, xii. 140, 141 ;
Government model farm at, recently
closed, article ' India,' vi. 516 ; agri-
cultural school at, vi. 516.
Saidnagar, town in' N.-W. Provinces.
See Sayyidnagar.
Saidpur, tdhik in Sind. See Sayyidpur.
Saidpur, town in Bengal. See Sayyidpur.
Saidpur, tahsil in N. - W. Provinces. See
Sayyidpur.
Saidwala, town in Punjab. See Sayyid-
wala.
Saifganj, town in Bengal, xii. 141.
Saifganj Pirwaha, village in Bengal, xii.
Sailana, Native State in Central India,
xii. 141, 142.
Sailana, chief town of Sailana State, xii.
142.
Sailors, Native. See Cutch, iv.
Gogo, v. 137 ; Ratnagiri, xii. 7.
Sailu, town in Central Provinces. See
Selu.
Sain, mountain range in Punjab, xii. 142.
Sainkhera, town in Central Provinces,
xii. 142.
St. Barbe, Mr., last Resident at Man-
dalay, withdrawn (1879), iii. 229.
St. Bartholomew the Apostle, his preach-
ings and alleged conversion of India
testified to by Pantsenus (190 A.D.)
62;
and Hippolytus (220 A. D.), article
' India,' vi. 235.
Saint George, Fort. See Madras city.
St. John, Col. Sir Oliver, his estimate of
the population of Pishin, xi. 189.
St. Thomas the Apostle, the traditionary
founder of Christianity in India, vi.
229, 230 ; the three St. Thomas of
India, and the legends connected with
each, 230-232 ; tradition of the Indian
King Gondophorus and St. Thomas,
232, 233 ; Gondophorus an Indo-
Scythic Punjab monarch, 233 ; wide
meaning of India in the writings of the
Fathers, 233, 234 ; St. Thomas' work
in Persia and Central Asia instead of
in India proper, 235 ; localization of
the legend of St. Thomas in North
India or Persia, 237 ; shrine of St.
Thomas at Madras, 237 ; mixed wor-
ship at St. Thomas' ^I()unt, Madras,
238 ; St. Thomas' relics at Goa, 23S ;
the St. Thomas Nestorian Christians,
a powerful and respected military caste
in Southern India, 241 ; downfall of
Nestorianism, 241-243.
Si. Thomas the Apostle of India, by the
Rev. Dr. Kennet, quoted, vi. 233
(footnote 3) ; 235 (footnote) ; 237
(footnote 4) ; 239 (footnote i).
Saint Thomas Christians at Quilon, xii.
339, 340.
Saint Thomas' Mount, town and canton
ment in Madras, xii. 142-144.
Saint Thome, suburb of Madras, xii. 144.
St. Xavier, his labours in India, vi. 244,
245. See also Xavier.
Saipur, town in Oudh. See Safipur.
Sairi, village in the Simla Hills, xii. 144.
Saiyaji, Raja of Devikota, got the English
to try to retake his city from the Raja
of Tanjore (1749), iv. 234.
Sdj trees, found in Betul, ii. 329 ; Boras-
ambar, iii. 89 ; Chhindwara, iii. 398 ;
INIahagaon, ix. 155 ; tht Melghat, ix.
402 ; Nimar, x. 328 ; Patna State, xi.
115; Potegaon, xi. 223; Raigarh, xi.
362 ; Raipur, xi. 368 ; Rampur (C. P.),
xi. 460; Rangi, xi. 471 ; Rewa, xii.
46 ; Sagar, xii. lOl ; Sambalpur, xii.
178; Sarangarh, xii. 260; Satpura,
xii. 289 ; Seoni, xii. 309.
Sajji. See Carbonate of soda.
Sak, hill tribe in Arakan, iii. 183.
Saka, or Scythian era (78 A.n.), article
' India,' vi. 181. See z!i%Q Scythic in-
vasions.
Sakse, troops in Alexander's army, from
whom the Brahuis are said to be de-
scended, iii. 98.
Sakala, ruins in Punjab. See Sangala.
Sakaldiha, town in N.-W. Provinces,
xii. 144.
284
INDEX.
Sakar Pathar, sanitarium in Bombay, xii.
/44. 145-
Sakas, tribe in Baluchistan, ii. 29.
Sakeswar, mountain in Punjab, xii. 145.
Sakhar, town. Sub-division, and ialuk
in Sind. See Sukkur.
Sakhera, town in Baroda, xii. 145.
Sakhi-Sarwar, shrine in Punjab, xii. 145,
146 ; place of pilgrimage, sacred alike
to Hindus and Muhammadans, vi.
203, 204.
Sakit, ancient town in N.-W. Provinces,
xii. 146.
Sakkampatti, town in Madras, xii. 146.
Sakkaraikottai, town in Madras, xii.
146.
Sakleshpur, village in Mysore, xii. 147.
Sakoli, tahsil in Central Provinces, xii.
Sakrand, tdhck in Sind, xii. 147.
Sakraypatna, village in Mysore, xii. 147,
148.
Sakri, river in Bengal, xii. 148.
Sakse, port and customs division in
Bombay, See Sankshi.
Sakta, or Tantrik, sect of Siva-wor-
shippers, article ' India,' vi. 214.
Sakti, State in Central Provinces, xii.
148.
Sakiuitald, famous Sanskrit drama, vi.
126.
Sakya race customs, vi. 178.
Sal trees, found in Ambala, i. 215 ;
Assam, i._ 349 ; Balaghat, i. 453 ;
Balasor, ii. 2 ; Bamra, ii. 41 ; Ban-
kura, ii. 79 ; Bard war, ii. 137 ; Bengal,
ii. 271 ; Bijnaur, ii. 428 ; Bilaspur, ii.
451 ; Bod, iii. 23 ; Bonai, iii. 85 ;
Borasambar, iii. 89 ; Bundi, iii. 157 ;
Central Provinces, iii. 299 ; Chang
Bhakar, iii. 366 ; Chirang Dwar, iii.
422 ; Cuttack, iv. 65 ; Darjiling, iv.
129 ; Denwa, iv. 19S ; Deori, iv. 205 ;
Dinajpur, iv. 291 ; Eastern Dwars, iv.
328, 329 ; Oanjam, v. 2 ; Garo Hills,
V. 25 ; Garumari, v. 33 ; Gilgaon, v.
77 ; on Girwar river, v. 87 ; Gonda, v.
147 ; Gorakhpur, v. 164 ; Hazaribagh,
v. 370 ; Himalaya Mountains, v. 409 ;
Hoshangabad, v. 443 ; Jalpaiguri, vii.
loS, 109 ; Jashpur, vii. 145 ; Jira, vii.
233 ; Jirang, vii. 233 ; Kalesar, vii.
324 ; Kamrup, vii. 355 ; Kamtaranala,
vii. 366 ; Kangra, vii. 412 ; Karauli,
vii. 471; Kenda, viii. 113; Khand-
para, viii. 160 ; Kheri, viii. 190 ;
Korea, viii. 297 ; Kukra Mailani, viii.
330 ; Kulsi, viii. 335 ; Kumaun, viii.
349 ; Lakhipur, viii. 440 ; Laun, viii.
467 ; Lohardaga, viii. 476 ; Loisinh,
viii. 488 ; Madhupur, viii. 543, ix.
191 ; Madras, ix. 85 ; on the Little
I\Iahanadi, ix. 163 ; Maikal Hills, ix.
190 ; Malkangiri, ix. 258 ; Manbhum,
ix. 278 ; Mandla, ix. 300, 305 ; Matai-
khar, ix. 359 ; Milmillia, ix. 438 ;
Monghyr, ix. 480 ; Nepal, x. 277 ;
Nibari, x. 294 ; Nilgiri Hills, x. 305 ;
N.-W. Provinces, x. 380; Nowgong,
X. 407 ; Oudh, X. 482 ; Pachmarhi, x.
522 ; Palkhera, xi. 10 ; Pal Lahara,
xi. 13 ; Pantan, xi. 51 ; Patna State,
xi. 115; Phuljhar, xi. 168; Pratap-
garh, xi. 224 ; Punjab, xi. 280 ; Puri,
xi. 301 ; Raigarh, xi. 362 ; Raipur, xi.
36S ; Rairakhol, xi. 378 ; Rampur
(C. P.), xi. 460; Rangpur, xi. 486;
Rewa, xii. 46 ; Sadullanagar, xii. 95 ;
on the Salandi river, xii. 149 ; Sam-
balpur, xii. 178 ; Santal Parganas, xii.
227 ; Saoh'garh, xii. 247 ; Sarguja, xii.
267 ; Shahjahanpur, xii. 344 ; Sidli,
xii. 474 ; Sinchula Hills, xii. 5°^ ;
Singhbhum, xii. 531 ; Sirmur, xii.
553 ; Siwalik Hills, xiii. 43 ; Vizaga-
patam, xiii. 484.
Salabat Jang, third Nizam ( 1 752-61),
ceded the Northern Circars to the
French (1752), iii. 469 ; including
Ganjam, v. 3 ; made Nizam by the
French, v. 249 ; dethroned by his
brother Nizam AH (1761), and killed
by him (1763), v. 250 ; took Karnul
with Bussy (1752), viii. 42.
Salabat Khan, friend of Sir Arthur
Wellesley, under whom he served in
1863, much improved his city of
Ellichpur, iv. 346.
Salambha, village in Punjab, xii. 148, 149.
Sal-ammoniac, found in Afghanistan, i.
37 ; Baluchistan, ii. 36 ; Karnal, viii.
20, 25.
Salandi, river in Bengal, xii. 149.
Salar Masaud Ghazi, nephew of Mah-
mud of Ghazni, invaded Bahraich
(1033), defeated and killed there, i.
427 ; alleged tomb at Bahraich a place
of pilgrimage, i. 435 ; in Bara Banki,
ii. 108 ; took Biana (1004), ii. 418 ;
invaded Budaun (1028), iii. 337 ; took
Deoband, iv. 199 ; invaded Faizabad
(1030), iv. 382 ; his army destroyed by
Sohildeo, Jain king of Gonda, v. 147 ;
defeated the Thatheras at Gopamau, v.
162 ; occupied Bawan and Isauli, v.
322 ; defeated and killed Raja Kans
and Kasmandi Kalan (1030), viii. 83;
results of his invasion of Lucknow, viii.
494 ; alleged tomb at Sikandra, xii.
48 1 ; his disastrous march through
Unao, xiii. 42S.
Salar Sahu, biother-in-law of Mahmud
of Ghazni, took Satrikh, where is his
shrine, xii. 289, 290.
Salaya, port in Kathiawar, xii. 149, 150.
Salbai, village in Gwalior, Central India,
1
INDEX.
285
xii. 150; treaty of, article ' India,' vi.
323 ; 392.
Salbaldi, village and springs on the
Maru river, xii. 150.
Salbet, island off Kathiawar, xii. 150.
Sale, Gen. Sir R. H., his defence of
Jalalabad, i. 50, vii. 76.
Salem, District in Madras, xii. 150-165;
physical aspects, 151-155 ; geology,
153 ; history, 153-155 ; administrative
hislor}', 155-157 ; tenures, 157, 158 ;
population, 158- 160 ; agriculture, 160-
162 ; natural calamities, 162, 163 ;
industries and trade, 163, 164 : com-
munications, 164 ; administration, 164,
165 ; medical aspects, 165.
Salem, tdltik in Madras, xii. 165, 166.
Salem, town in Madras, xii. 166.
Salem, village in Madras, xii. 166, 167.
Saletekri, estate in the Central Provinces,
xii. 167.
Salim, Prince, Akbar's favourite son and
successor as the Emperor Jahangir,
article ' India,' vi. 300 - 302. See
Jahangir.
Salimpur, town in Oudh, xii. 167.
Sahmpur, village in N.-W. Provinces,
xii. 167.
Salimpur-Majauli, two adjacent villages
in N.-\V. Provinces, xii. 167.
Saline deposits from river plains, article
' India,' vi. 29. See Usdr plains.
Salivahana, king of S. India, his wars
with the Scythians, vi. 181.
Salkhid, suburb of Howrah, xii. 167.
Salnadi, river in Bengal. See Sakindi.
Salois or Shalois, agricultural caste in
Assam, who claim to be Kayasths, i.
356.
Salon, iahsilin Oudh, xii. 167, 16S.
Salon, town and pargana in Oudh, xii.
168.
Salones. See Selungs.
Salor Hirapur, village in Central Pro-
vinces, xii. 168.
Salsette, island to the north of Bombay
city, xii. 168- 1 70.
Salt administration, article ' India,' vi.
452 ; sources of supply and systems of
manufacture, 453, 454 ; the I^Iadras
monopoly, 453 ; equalization of duty,
453) 454 ; yield of salt duty, 468 ; the
Rajputana salt lakes, and Punjab salt
mines, 622, 623.
Salt manufactured by evaporation, etc.
from the sea, salt wells, salt marshes,
salt lakes, etc. ; at Adrampet, i. 27 ;
Kharagora in Ahmadabad, i. 87 ;
Akola, i. 141 ; Akyab, i. 157 ; Alay
Khyaung, i. 164 ; Alay Kywon, i.
164 ; Allahabad, i. 192 ; Anantapur, i.
274 ; South Arcot, i. 326 ; Bakarganj,
i. 442 ; Balasor, ii. 8, 9 ; Bassein, ii.
198 ; Bellary, ii. 241 ; Bengal, ii. 274 ;
Bikaner, ii. 438; Binginapalli, ii. 461 ;
Bombay, iii. 58 ; Lower Burma, iii.
199 ; Cachar, iii. 234 ; Cambay. iii.
272 ; Chadchat (earth), iii. 324 ; Chen-
galpat, iii. 387 ; Chilka Lake, iii. 416 ;
Chittagong Hill Tracts, iii. 44S ;
Cochin, iv. 7 ; Covelong, iv. 44 ;
Cuttack, iv. 72 ; Dera Ghazi Khan, iv.
210 ; Dhrangadra, iv. 278 ; Durgaraya-
patnam, iv. 326 ; Ennore, iv. 354 ;
Farukhnagar, iv. 418 ; Ganjam, v.
8, 9; Goa, V. 94; Gurgaon, v. 216;
Hanthawadi, v. 316 ; Hijili, v. 394 ;
Jaipur, vii. 52; Janjira, vii. 139;
jodhpur, vii. 235, 237 ; Kahngapatam,
vii. 330 ; North Kanara, vii. 373 ;
Sirganda creek, Karachi (bay salt), vii.
449, xii. 523 ; Karanja, vii. 466 ;
Karnul (earth), viii. 41 ; Kayalpatnam,
viii. 108; Khairpur, viii. 136; Kistna,
viii. 232 ; Kolaba, viii. 269 ; Kupili,
viii. 367 ; Kyauk-pyu, viii. 388 ; Lake
Lonar, viii. 489 ; Aladras, ix. 54-57 ;
Madura, ix. 130 ; Mahvan, ix. 273;
Manipur, ix. 324 ; Maulmain, ix. 372 ;
Mogulti'ir, ix. 470 ; Naupada, x. 242 ;
Negapatam, x. 258 ; Nellore, x. 269 ;
Nizampatam, x. 338 ; Orissa, x. 460 ;
Parikud Islands, xi. 63, 64 ; Puri, xi.
308; Rajputana, xi. 420; Rangoon,
xi. 479 ; SambharLake, xii. iSS, 189 ;
Santalpur (earth), xii. 246 ; Lake
Kachor-Rewas in Shaikhawati, xii.
371 ; Shwe-g)-in, xii. 433; Surla, near
Sonapur, xiii. 58; Sultanpur (Gur-
gaon), xiii. 106 ; Tavoy, xiii. 233 ;
Thana, xiii. 257 ; Wadhwan, xiii. 506 ;
\Vankaner, xiii. 518; Warahi (earth),
xiii. 521.
Salt mines, Chal in Afghan-Turkistan, i.
55 ; Bahadur Khel, i. 421 ; Bannu, ii.
89, 90 ; Upper Burma, iii. 211 ; Guma,
v. 198 ; Haidarabad (Sind), v. 282 ;
Himalaya Mountains, v. 412 ; Jatta,
vii. 149 ; Jehlam, vii. 167, 168, 175 ;
Kalabagh, vii. 313 ; Karrak, viii. 49 ;
Khatak Hills, viii. iSo, iSi ; Kohat,
viii. 243 ; Malgin, ix. 256 ; Mandi, ix.
298 ; the Mayo, ix. 377-379 ; Narri,
X. 214; the Salt Range, xii. 171;
Warcha in Shahpur, xii. 360, xiii. 522.
Salt, Centres of trade in, Adrampet, i.
27 ; Isakapalli, vii. 21 ; Kalabagh,
vii. 313 ; Khushab, viii. 213 ; Miani,
ix. 421 ; Nawashahr, x. 254 ; Patna,
xi. 113; Pind Dadan Khan, xi. 183;
Ponani, xi. 197 ; Rusera, xii. 87 ;
Sahibganj, xii. 135 ; Sirsa, xiii. 18 ;
Sultanpur, xiii. 106 ; Turtipar, xiii.
385 ; Ula Kandi, xiii. 418.
Saltpetre, Manufacture of, article 'India,'
vi. 623, 624. Local 7Wtices — Aligarh,
286
INDEX.
i. 175; Allahabad, i. 192; Athni, i.
378; Basti, ii. 212 ; Bellary, ii. 241 ;
Bengal, ii. 309; Bhagalpur, ii. 350;
Bulandshahr, iii. 138 ; Champaran, iii.
343 ; Chapra, iii. 370 ; Digsar, iv.
287 ; Ellore, iv. 352 ; Fatehpur, iv.
390; Farukhabad, iv. 415 ; Gaya, v.
51 ; Ghazipur, v. 69 ; Gujrat, v. 194 ;
Haidargarh, v. 290 ; Hissar, v. 431,
432 ; Hoshiarpur, v. 452 ; Jais, vii.
65 ; Jarwal, vii. 145 ; Kaithal, vii.
310; Kandhla, vii. 399; Khairapur,
viii. 136; Kheri, viii. 190; Kistna,
viii. 232 ; Mainpuri, ix. 210 ; Mallan-
wan, ix. 263 ; Montgomery, ix. 494 :
Muzaffarpur, x. 81 ; Nellore, x. 261 ;
Padrauna, x. 526 ; Radhanpur, xi.
342; Rath, xi. 518; Saran, xii. 251,
257 ; Shahabad, xii. 332 ; Sholapur,
xii. 418 ; Sirsa, xiii. 18 ; Sitamarhi,
xiii. 26 ; Tambaur, xiii. 169 ; Taung-
ngu, xiii. 225.
Salt Range, The, hill system in Pimjab,
xii. 170-172; geology of, article
' India,' vi. 633.
Salt-water Lake (or Dhapa), lake in
Bengal, xii. 172.
Salumbar, town in Rajputana, xii. 172.
Salur, town, taluk, and estate in Madras,
xii. 172.
Sahvin, river in Burma, xii. 172-174.
Salwin Hill Tracts, District in Lower
Burma, xii. 1 74- 1 76 ; physical aspects,
174, 175 ; population, 175 ; agricul-
ture, 175 ; administration, 176.
Sama, The, dynasty in Sind, xii. 510.
Samadhiala, petty State in Kathiawar,
xii. 176.
Samadhiala Chabharia, petty State in
Kathiawar, xii. 176.
Samadhiala Charan, petty State in Kathi-
awar, xii. 176, 177.
Samadhpur, village jn N. - W. Provinces,
xii. 177.
Samaguting, hill station in Assam, xii.
177.
Samalkot, town in Madras. See Chamar-
lakota.
Samarkha, town in Bombay, xii. 177.
Sama-Veda, The, article ' India, vi. 88.
Sambalpur, District in Central Pro-
vinces, xii. 177-185; physical aspects,
177-179 ; history, 179-181 ; popula-
tion, 181-183; agriculture, 183; trade
and commerce, 183, 184 ; administra-
tion, 184 ; medical aspects, 184, 185.
Sambalpur, tahsil in Central Provinces,
xii. 185.
Sambalpur, town in Central Provinces,
xii. 285, 2S6.
Sambalpur, Diamonds of, article ' India,'
vi. 628.
Sambhaji, son and successor of Sivaji,
put to death by Aurangzeb, article
'India,' vi. 319. Local notices —
Plundered Dharangaon(l685), iv. 250 ;
ravaged up to the gates of Goa (1683),
V. 104 ; his treaty with Abu Husain,
last king of Golconda, v. 256 ; failed to
take Janjira (1682), vii. 141 ; repulsed
from Sonda (1682), xiii. 60.
Sambhal, tahsil in N. -W. Provinces, xii.
186, 187.
Sambhal, town inN.-W. Provinces, xii.
Sambhar, great salt lake in Rajputana,
xii. 187-189.
Sambhar, town in Rajputana, xii. 189.
Scinibhar deer, article ' India,' vi. 657,
658. Local notices — Mount Abu, i. 6 ;
Akola, i. 141 ; Anamalai Plills, i. 270 ;
South Arcot, i. 320 ; Belgaum, ii. 232 ;
Bellary, ii. 241 ; Biligiri-rangan, ii.
457 ; Bombay Presidency, iii. 46 ;
Buldana, iii. 143 ; Upper Burma, iii.
212 ; Cachar, iii. 234 ; Chengalpat, iii.
382 ; Chittagong Hill Tracts, iii. 448 ;
Cochin, iv. 2 ; Cuddapah, iv. 48 ;
Darjiling, iv. 131 ; Mount Delly, iv.
197 ; Western Ghats, v. 59 ; Godavari,
V. 123 ; Hassan, v. 346 ; North Kan-
ara, vii. 370 ; South Kanara. vii. 377 ;
Karauli, vii. 471 ; Khandesh, viii.
150; Kiggat-nad, viii. 216; Kistna,
viii. 226 ; Kotah, viii. 304 ; Lalit-
pur, viii. 447 ; Lohardaga, viii. 477 ;
Madras Presidency, ix. 90 ; Madura,
ix. 121 ; Malabar, ix. 220 ; Manipur,
ix. 325 ; Mirzapur, ix. 453 ; Monghyr,
ix. 481 ; Mysore, x. 115 ; Nallamalai
Hills, X. 185 ; Nellore, x. 262 ; Nilgiri
Hills, X. 307 ; Nimar, x. 328 ; Pal-
konda Hills, xi. 1 1 ; Palni Mountains,
xi. 17 ; Polur, xi. 197 ; Poona, xi.
200 ; Ratnagiri, xii. 4 ; Rewa Kantha,
xii. 49 ; Salem, xii, 152 ; Sandur, xii.
206 ; Satara, xii. 277 ; Sawantwari,
xii. 296 ; Shimoga, xii. 400 ; Sirohi,
xiii. 2 ; Travancore, xiii. 345 ; Wun,
xiii. 539.
Sambhudan, the leader of the Cachari
rising (1882), killed in it, ix. i88.
Sambhuganj, village in Bengal, xii. 189.
Sameswari, river in Assam, xii. 189, 190.
Sami, town in Bombay. Sec Shami.
Samla, petty State in Kathiawar, xii.
190.
Samnagar, town in Bengal. See Syam-
nagar.
Samod, town in Rajputana, xii. 190.
Sampaji Ghat, pass in Madras, xii. 190.
Sampgaon, Sub-division in Bombay, xii.
190.
Sampgaon, town in Bombay, xii. 191.
Sampla, tahsil and village in Punjab, xii.
191.
INDEX.
287
Samra, town in N.-W. Provinces, xii.
191.
Samrala, talisil'm. Punjab, xii. 191, 192.
Samru, Walter Reinhardt, known as,
took Agra with Suraj Mall (1764), i.
69 ; ruled northern part of Meerut
(1775-78), ix. 384 ; his share in the
massacre of Patna (1763), xi. 96 ;
granted fief of Sardhana by Najaf
Khan (1777), his history, xii. 264.
Samru, Begam, owned Gurgaon, which
lapsed to the British on her death
(1836), V. 223 ; also Jewar, vii. 193;
ruled North Meerut (1778-1S03) in-
dependently, and (1803-36) under
British protection, ix. 384 ; owned
jagir of Pahasu, x. 528 ; her will and
charities, xi. 96 ; her capital, Sard-
hana, her history, xii. 264, 265 ; had
fort at Tappal, xiii. 200.
Samsa Parvat, peak in Madras, xii. 192.
Samthar, Native State in Bundelkhand,
xii. 192.
Samthar, chief town of Samthar State,
xii. 192.
Samulkota, town in jNIadras. See Cham-
arlakota.
Samuri. See Zaniorin.
Samvat and Saka eras (57 and 78 A.D. ),
article ' India,' vi. 181.
Sanala, petty State in Kathiawar, xii.
192.
Sanand, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, xii. 193.
Sanatoria. See Sanitaria.
Sanavarapeta, town in Madras, xii. 193.
Sanawan, tahsil in Punjab, xii. 193, 194.
Sanawar, site of the Lawrence Military
Asylum, near Simla, Punjab, xii. 194.
Sanchi, village with Buddhist remains in
Central India, xii. 194- 196.
Sanctity of the Ganges, article ' India,'
vi. 17, 18.
Sand, metallic, used for blotting, found
in Surat, xiii. 1 19.
Sandal-wood trees, found in Atiir, i. 383;
Baba Biidan, i. 402 ; Biligiri-rangan,
ii. 457 ; Bombay, iii. 45 ; Coimbatore,
iv. 15 ; Coorg, iv. 32 ; Ganjam, v. 2 ;
Western Ghats, v. 59 ; Hassan, v.
346 ; Hosiir, v. 460 ; Jawadi Hills,
vii. 162 ; Kadur, vii. 283 ; Kashmir,
viii. 71; Kollamalai Hills, viii. 286;
Madras, ix. 7 ; ]\Ielagiri Hills, ix. 401;
Merkara, ix. 413; Mysore, x. 114;
Naltigiri Hills, x. 187 ; Nanjarajpatna,
X. 197 ; Nilgiri Hills, x. 323, 324 ;
Pachamalai Hills, x. 521 ; Palni
Mountains, xi. 19; Salem, xii. 152;
Satara, xii. 277 ; Shevaroy Hills, xii.
383 ; Siddhapur, xii. 473 ; Ti'imkur,
xiii. 376. See also Oil and Wood-
carving.
San-daw, pagoda in Lower Burma, xii.
196.
Sandeman, Captain Sir R. G., his mission
to Khelat, ii. '^t,.
Sand-hills, their rapid advance on, and
destruction of Talkad, xiii. 167, 16S.
Sandi, pai-gand and town in Oudh, xii.
196, 197.
Sandila, town, tahsil, and pargana in
Oudh, xii. 197, 198.
Sandoway, District in Lower Burma, xii.
198-205 ; physical aspects, 199, 200 ;
geology, 200 ; history, 200-201 ; anti-
quities, 201 ; population, 201, 202 ;
agriculture, 202, 203 ; manufactures,
203 ; administration, 203, 204 ; climate,
204.
Sandoway, town in Lower Burma, xii.
205.
Sandoway, river in Lower Burma, xii.
205.
Sandoway Myoma, township in Lower
Burma, xii. 206.
Sandrokottos. .S'd'^ Chandra Gupta.
Sandru, pass in Punjab, xii. 206.
Sandstone found, or quarried, on the
Alagar Hills, i. 161 ; Alwar, i. 203 ;
Amherst, i. 235 ; Andaman Islands,
i. 283 ; Arakan Hill Tracts, i. 298 ;
South Arcot, i. 327 ; Assam, i. 347 ;
Banda, ii. 47, 53 ; Bard wan, ii. 127 ;
Bassein, ii. 193 ; Bastar, ii. 204 ;
Beddadanol, ii. 223 ; Belgaum, ii.
231; Bhartpur, ii. 372; Bikaner, ii.
439; Bundelkhand, iii. 151 ; Central
India, iii. 294 : Chiiindwara, iii. 399 ;
Chittagong Hill Tracts, iii. 448 ; Cud-
dapah, iv. 48 ; Damoh, iv. 107, 108 ;
Deccan, iv. 165 ; Delhi, iv. 178 ;
Dholpur, iv. 273 ; Ganjam, v. 2 ;
Goalpara, v. 112; Gujrat, v. 1S8 ;
Gurgaon, v. 215; Gwalior, v. 227;
Haidarabad State, v. 241 ; Hathpor,
V. 353, 354 ; the Himalaya Mountains,
v. 410, 411 ; the Hindu Kush, v. 417 ;
Hoshangabad, v. 442; Ilol, v. 509;
Jaipur, vii. 51, 52 ; Jaisalmer, vii. 66 ;
Jehlam, vii. 166, 167 ; Jhalavvar, vii.
199 ; Jodhpur, vii. 236, 246 ; Kaimur,
vii. 298; Kaladgi, vii. 315; Kalinjar,
vii. 331; Kangra, vii. 413; Karauli,
vii. 471 ; Khairagarh, viii. 129 ;
Khairi-Murat, viii. 132 ; Khisor Hills,
viii. 203; Kohat, viii. 242 ; Korea,
viii. 297 ; Kumaun, viii. 349; Madras,
ix. 5, 6; iSIadura, ix. 121 ; Mahadeo-
pahar, ix. 154, 155 ; Manipur, ix.
324 ; Mergui Islands, ix. 412 ; Murree,
X. 17 ; Muttra, x. 45 ; Mysore, x. 92 ;
Nagari, x. 157 ; Nagpur, x. 165 ;
Nallamalai Hills, x. 185 ; Narsinghpur,
x. 217 ; Nicobar Islands, x. 295 ;
Panch Mahals, xi. 29 ; Pokaran, xi.
288
INDEX.
195; Rabkob, xi. 340; Raipur, xi.
367 ; Raisin, xi. 380 ; Ramgarh, xi.
446, 447 ; Ramtal, xi. 465 ; Rawal
Pindi, xii. 19 ; Rewa, xii. 45 ; Rewa
Kantha, xii. 49 ; Sagar, xii. lOi ;
Saharanpur, xii. 114, 1 15 ; Salbet
Island, xii. 150; Salvvin Hill Tracts,
xii. 174 ; Sambalpur, xii. 179 ; Sanchi,
xii. 194; Santal Parganas, xii. 226;
the Satpura Range, xii. 289 ; Shah-
abad, xii. 324 ; Sironcha, xiii. 7 ;
Siwalik Hills, xiii. 43 ; Tanjore, xiii.
iSi ; Udaipur (Bengal), xiii. 411 ;
Vindhyan Range, xiii. 475 ; Waira-
garh, xiii. 513; Wun, xiii. 538.
Sandur, Native State in Madras, xii.
206-209 ; physical aspects, 206, 207 ;
history, 207, 208 ; population, 20S ;
places of interest, 208, 209 ; revenue,
209.
Sandur, range of hills in Madras, xii.
209.
Sandvvip, island in the Bay of Bengal,
xii. 209-213 ; history, 210 ; ancient
administration, 21 1 ; slavery, 21 1,
212; the cyclone of 1876, 212, 213.
See also Slavery in, article ' India,'
vi. 49.
Sanga, Rana of Mewar, commanded the
confederated Rajput troops, defeated
by Babar at Khanua (1526), viii. 164 ;
and at Fatehpur Sikri (1527), xi. 404 ;
his reign in Udaipur, xiii. 403, 404.
Sangakhera, village in Central Provinces,
xii. 213.
Sangala, ruins in Punjab, xii. 213,
214.
Sangam, village and anient in Madras,
xii. 214, 215.
Sangameshvvar, Sub-division and village
in Bombay, xii. 215, 216.
Sangamner, Sub-division in Bombay, xii.
216.
Sangamner, town in Bombay, xii. 216,
217.
Sanganer, town in Rajputana, xii. 217.
Sangarh, tahsilm Punjab, xii. 217.
Sangarhi, town in Central Provinces,
xii. 217.
Sanghi, town in Punjab, xii. 217, 218.
Sangli, Native State in Bombay, xii.
218, 219.
Sangli, chief town of Sangli State, xii.
219.
Sangod, town in Rajputana, xii. 219.
Sangola, Sub-division in Bombay, xii.
219, 220.
Sangola, town in Bombay, xii. 220.
Sangrampur, town in Bengal, xii. 220.
Sangram Sah, 48th Gond Raja of Garhd-
Mandla, conquered Sagar (i6th cen-
tury), iii. 301 ; and Jabalpur, vii. 31 ;
the extent of his kingdom, ix. 301 ;
ruled over Narsinghpur, x. 218; and
Seoni, xii. 309.
Sangri,oneoftheSimlaHill States, xii. 220.
Sangu, Sub-division in Bengal, xii. 220.
Sangu, river in Bengal, xii. 220, 221.
Sanitaria and hill stations. Mount Abu,
i. 7 ; Alwaye, i. 207 ; Amherst, i.
243; Belikeri, ii. 240; Birkul, iii. 12,
13; Chandpur, iii. 361, 362; Cherat,
iii. 391, 392; Chikalda, iii. 40S ;
Coonoor, iv. 27, 28 ; Courtallum, iv.
44 ; Dalhousie, iv. 97, 98 ; Dalingkot,
iv. 98 ; Darjiling, iv. 140, 141 ;
Devaraydurga, iv. 232 ; Dharmsala,
iv. 255 ; Dungagali, iv. 321, 322 ;
Igatpuri, v. 506 ; Kasauli, viii. 58, 59 ;
Khandala, viii. 147 ; Kodaikand, viii.
239, 240 ; Kotagiri, viii. 303 ; Kudure-
mukha, viii. 329 ; Landaur, viii. 459 ;
Mahabaleshwar, ix. 141-143; Pach-
marhi in Mahadeopahar, ix. 155, x.
522 ; Matheran, ix. 362-364 ; Dhar
Jaro and Danna Towers in Alehar, ix.
396 ; Murree, x. 19 ; Mussooree, x.
41, 42; Naini Tal, x. 177, 178; Nan-
didrug, X. 192; Pawagarh, xi. 122;
Punamalla, xi. 242 ; Purandhar, xi.
297, 298 ; Raman malai, xi. 440, 441 :
Ranikhet, xi. 506, 507 ; Sagargarh,
xii. Ill ; Sakar Pathar, xii. 144, 145 ;
Sakeswar, xii. 145 ; Samsa Parvat,
xii. 192, xiii. 52 ; Shaikh Budin, xii.
373 ; Simla, xii. 496-498 ; Sinhgarh,
xii. 543 ; Solan, xiii. 49 ; Subathu,
xiii. 85 ; Taragarh, xiii. 206 ; Than-
diani, xiii. 259 ; Utakamand, xiii. 452-
454 ; Wellington, xiii. 536 ; Yerkad,
_, xiii- 555, 556;
Saniversante, village in Coorg, xii. 221.
Sanjan, village in Bombay, xii. 221.
Sanjeli, petty State in Rewa Kantha, xii.
221.
Sankara, king of Yadava dynasty, taken
prisoner by Malik Naib Kafur at
Deogarh and killed, iv. 159.
Sankara Acharya, Sivaite religious re-
former (9th century a.d.), article
' India,' vi. 209, 210. Local notices —
By birih a Kayasth of Assam, i. 354 ;
his influence in Assam, i. 356 ; lived
some time at Benares, ii. 267 ; and
then at Sringeri in Kadur (Mysore),
vii. 283 ; his settlement there, xiii.
Sankaridriig, village in Madras, xii.
221.
Sankarkati, village in Bengal, xii. 221,
222.
Sankarnainarkoil, town and tdhik in
Madras, xii. 222.
Sankarpur, town in Central Provinces,
xii. 222.
Sankeswar, town in Bombay, xii. 222.
INDEX.
289
Sanketi Brahmans, their head - quarters
at Bettadpur, ii. 327.
Sankh, river in Bengal, xii. 222, 223.
Sankha, village in N.-W. Provinces, xii.
223.
Sankhatra, town in Punjab, xii. 223.
Sankheda, town in Baroda. See Sakhera.
Sankheda Mewas, group of Native
States in Rewa Kantha. See Sindkher
Mewas.
Sankhund, spring in Bengal, xii. 223.
Sankhya, one of the six darsanas or
Brahmanical schools of philosophy,
article ' India,' vi. 99.
Sankisa, village and ruins in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, xii. 223, 224.
Sankshi, customs division of ports,
Bombay, xii. 224.
Sankshi, port in Bombay, xii. 224, 225.
Sankos, river in Bengal, xii. 225.
Sann, town in Sind, xii. 225.
Sanosra, petty State in Kathiawar, xii.
225.
Sansar Chand, Raja of Kangra, failed to
take Kamlagarh, vii. 353 ; his vigorous
rule in Kangra, and final submission to
the Gurkhas and Ranjit Singh, vii.
416 ; completed the palace of Sujanpur
Tira, xiii. 89.
Sansar Dhara, grotto, waterfall, and place
of pilgrimage in N.-W. Provinces, xii.
225.
Sansias, Muhammadan robber tribe in
Budaun, iii. 120 ; Karnal, viii. 26.
Sanskrit Gj-amiiiar, by Prof. Whitney,
vi. 334 (footnote 1).
Sanskrit grammar and literature, article
'India,' vi. 100- 104; 334-336; Panini's
grammar, 100, loi ; Sanskrit and
Prakrit speech, loi ; Sanskrit manu-
scripts, lOI, 102 ; the Indian alphabet,
102, 103 ; Sanskrit writings almost
entirely verse, 103 ; prose a forgotten
art, 103, 104 ; Sanskrit dictionaries,
104 ; evidence as to whether Sanskrit
was ever a spoken vernacular, 334-
336.
Sa7iskfit Texts, by Dr. John Muir, quoted,
vi. 81 (footnote 2) ; 84 (footnote 3) ;
94 (footnote); 212 (footnote 4); 334
(footnotes 2 and 3).
Santal Parganas, The, District in Bengal,
xii. 226-236 ; physical aspects, 226,
227 ; forests, 227 ; jungle products,
227 ; minerals, 227 ; wild animals,
227 ; history, 227, 22S ; population,
228-232; agriculture, 232, 233; natural
calamities, 233, 234 ; commerce and
trade, 234 ; administration, 234-236 ;
medical aspects, 336.
Sanlals, The, aboriginal tribe in Bengal,
xii. 236-246 ; their numbers and dis-
tribution, 236, 237 ; origin, 237, 238 ;
VOL. XIV.
insurrection of 1854, 238 ; migratory
habits, 238, 239; physiognomy, 239,
240 ; tribal divisions, 249 ; village
polity, festivals, and religion, 240-242 ;
social customs, 242 ; music, 242 ;
dances, 242, 243; marriage ceremonies,
243, 244; hunting expeditions, 244,
245 ; dress, 245 ; funeral ceremonies,
245, 246. Local notices — Numerous
in Bamanghati, ii. 40 ; Bankura, ii.
78, 81 ; Bardwan, ii, 129 ; coal miners,
ii. 133 ; Bhagalpur, ii. 346 ; Daman-i-
Koh, iv. 104 ; Dinajpur, iv. 292 ;
Hazaribagh, v. 373 ; coal miners in the
Karharbari coal-tield, viii. 9 ; Lakhim-
pur, viii. 431 ; Maldah, ix. 243 ;
Manbhum, ix. 280 ; Midnapur, ix.
417 ; Monghyr, ix. 483 ; Morbhanj,
ix. 516 ; Orissa, x. 436 ; Orissa Tribu-
tary States, X. 472 ; in the Raniganj
coal-field, xi. 505 ; Singhbhum, xii.
536. See also article 'India,' vi. 57 ;
their village government, 57 ; social
ceremonies, 58; religion, 58, 59; the
Santals under British rule, 59 ; Santal
rising (185s), 59, 60.
Santalpur-with-Chadchat, Native State
in Bombay, xii. 246, 247.
Santapilly, village and lighthouse in
Madras. See Chantapilli.
Santengs. See Syntengs.
Santipur, town in Bengal, xii. 247.
Sanudo, Marino, Venetian traveller,
mentions Cambay as one of the great
ports of India, iii. 274.
San-ywe, township in Lower Burma, xii.
Saoli, town in Central Provinces, xii. 247.
Saoligarh, forest in Central Provinces,
xii, 247.
Saoner, town in Central Provinces, xii.
248.
Saonts, aboriginal tribe in Keunjhar,
viii. 120.
Saorgaon, village in Central Provinces,
xii. 248,
Sapphires, found in Upper Burma, iii, 211.
Saptagram, ruined town in Bengal, See
Satgaon.
Sar, lake in Bengal, xii. 248.
Sara, pargand in Oudh, xii. 248, 249.
Saragaj, hill range in Assam, xii. 249.
Saragiir, village in Mysore, xii. 249.
Sarahan, town in Bashahr State, Punjab,
xii. 249.
Sarai Aghat, town and ruins in N.-W.
Provinces, xii. 249.
Sarai Akil, town in N.-W. Provinces,
xii. 249, 250.
Saraikala, estate and village in Bengal,
xii. 250.
Sarai Kheta, village in N.-W. Provinces,
xii. 250,
290
INDEX.
Sarai Mir, town in N.-W. Provinces, xii.
250.
Sardis or native inns, remarkable for
their fortification or architecture,
Chata, iii. 374; Daudnagar, iv. 158;
Jahanabad (N.-W.P.), vii. 44; Nathan-
gaon, X. 127 ; Niir Mahal, x. 418 ;
Peshawar, xi. 159 ; Shikarpur
(N.-W. P.), xii. 396 ; Syambazar, xiii.
143- ,
Sarai Saleh, town in Punjab, xii. 250.
Sarai Sidhu, tahsil in Punjab, xii. 250.
Sarai Sidhu, town in Punjab, xii. 251.
Saran, District in Bengal, xii. 251-259 ;
jurisdiction, xii. 251 ; physical aspects,
251, 252; population, 252-254;
material condition of the people, 254,
255 ; agriculture, 255, 256 ; natural
calamities, 256, 257 ; means of com-
munication, trade, etc., 257 ; admini-
stration, 257, 258 ; medical aspects,
258, 259.
Saran, Sub-division in Bengal. See
Chapra.
Saranda, hill range in Bengal, xii. 259.
Saranda, pir or group of villages in
.Singhbhiim District, Bengal, xii. 259.
Sarang, Sultan, chief of the Ghakkars,
submitted to Babar, and was rewarded,
xii. 24.
Sarangarh, Native State in Central Pro-
xii. 259, 260.
Sarangarh, chief town of Sarangarh State,
xii. 260.
Sarangpur, town in Central India, xii.
260.
Saraniyas, aboriginal tribe in Kamrup,
vii. 359-
Saraogis. See Trading castes.
Saraspur, hill range in Assam, xii. 260,
261.
Saraswati, sacred river in N.-W. India,
now nearly silted up, xii. 261, 262.
Saraswati, silted up river in Bengal, xii.
262.
Saraswati, river in Western India, xii.
262.
Saratha, port in Orissa, xii. 262, 263.
Sarath Deogarh, town and Sub-division
in Bengal. See Deogarh.
Sarauli, village in N.-W. Provinces, xii.
263.
Sarawaks. See Trading castes.
.Sarayan, river in Oudh, xii. 263.
Sarda, river in North-Western India and
Oudh, xii. 263.
Sardar Khan, Haidar All's general,
besieged Tellicherri (1780-82), xiii.
237-
Sard-ar Shahr, town in Rajputana, xii.
263.
Sardhana, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces,
xii. 263, 264.
Sardhana, town in N.-W. Provinces,
former capital of Begam .Samru, xii.
264-266.
Sardines, caught at Karachi, vii. 451 ;
Ratnagiri, xii. 12, 13.
Sareni, pargand in Oudh, xii. 266.
Sarfaraz Khan, Nawab of Bengal (1739,
1740), ii. 278 ; defeated by AH Vardi
Khan at Gheria (1740), v. 73.
Sarfaraz Khan Kalhora, ruler of Sind
(1772-75), caused the Company to
withdraw their factory from Tatta, xii.
512.
Sargent, Dr., consecrated CM. S. Bishop
of Tinnevelli (1877), xiii. 304.
Sarguja, Native State in Chutia Nagpur,
xii. 266-268 ; physical aspects, 266,
267 ; histor}', 267 ; population, 267
268 ; agriculture, 268 ; administration,
268.
Sargur, town in jNIysore. See Saragur.
Sarh Salimpur, tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, xii. 268.
Sarila, petty State in Bundelkhand, xii.
268, 269.
Sariputta, apostle of Buddhism, his
ashes found at Sahet Mahet, xii.
127.
Sd7-is or women's robes, manufactured at
Ahmadnagar, i. 109 ; Bardwan, ii.
132 ; Dabhoi in Baroda, ii. 159 ;
Bombay, iii. 59 ; Chakrabari, iii. 326 ;
Dholka, iv. 272 ; Dhiilia, iv. 282,
283 ; Garhbori, v. 14 ; Ghusri, v. 76 ;
Ilkal, V. 509; Janjira, vii. 139;
Maheswar, ix. 173 ; Tvlargram, ix. 345 ;
Memari, ix. 405 ; Sinnar, xii. 545-
Sarishpur, hill range in Assam. See
Saraspur.
Sarjapur, village in Mysore, xii. 269.
Sarju, river in N.-W. Provinces. See
Gogra.
Sarkandi, village in N.-W. Provinces,
xii. 269.
Sarkar Agrahara Vellaliir, town in
Madras, xii. 269.
.Sarmastipur, village in Bengal. See
Somastipur.
Sarmor (or Nahan), Punjab Hill State.
See Sirmur.
Sarnath, Buddhist ruins in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, xii. 269, 270.
Saromannagar, town and pargand in
Oudh, xii. 270.
Sarpara, tribe in Baluchistan, ii. 29.
.Sarsa, town in Bombay, xii. 270.
Sarsaganj, village in N.-W. Provinces,
xii. 270, 271.
Sarsaparilla, grown at Dindigal, iv. 301.
Sarsa wa, ancient town in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, xii. 271.
Sarsuti, river in N.-W. India. See
Saraswati.
INDEX.
291
Sartorius, Lutheran missionary in S.India,
ix. 25.
Saru, hill in Bengal, xii. 271.
Sarvasiddhi, tahik in Madras, xii. 271.
Sarvepalli, town in Madras, xii. 271.
Sarwan, village in Oudh, xii. 271, 272.
Sarwar, town in Rajputana, xii. 272.
Sarwar Khan, Nawab of Tank, his
administrative power, had to submit to
the Sikhs, xiii. 196, 197.
Sarya, indigo factory in Bengal, xii. 272,
Sasni, town in N.-W. Provinces, xii. 273.
Sasseram, town and Sub-division in
Bengal, xii. 273.
Sastri, Hon. Seshia, supplied materials
for article on Travancore, xiii. 340-
355-.
.Sasu, river in Assam. See Sesa.
Saswar, town in Bombay, xii. 274.
Sata, channel of the Indus in Sind, xii.
,274-
Satana, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, xii. 274, 275.
Satanones, petty State in Kathiawar, xii.
275- , .
Satanwari, fort in Central India, xii.
,275-
Satara, District in Bombay, xii. 275-284 ;
physical aspects, 275 - 277 ; history,
277, 278 ; population, 278, 279 ;
agriculture, 280, 281 ; irrigation, 281 ;
natural calamities, 281, 282 ; com-
merce and manufactures, 282, 283 ;
means of communication, 283 ; admini-
stration, 283, 284; medical -aspects,
284.
Satara, Native State, lapsed to the
British for want of heirs (1849), article
' India,' vi. 415.
Satara, town in Bombay, xii. 284, 285.
Satara Jagirs, The, group of Native
States in Bombay, xii. 285, 286.
Satasgarh, ruin in Bengal. See Panduah.
Satgaon, ruined town and former mer-
cantile capital of Bengal, xii. 286.
Sathamba, petty State in Mahi Kantha,
Bombay, xii. 286.
.Sathan, town in Oudh, xii. 286.
Sati, or widow-burning, unknown in the
Rig- Veda, article 'India,' vi. 78;
abolition of, by Lord W. Bentinck, vi.
405-
Satkhira, town and Sub-division in
Bengal, xii. 287.
Satlaj, one of the five rivers of the Punjab.
See Sutlej.
Satlasna, Native State in Mahi Kantha,
Bombay, xii. 287.
Satnamis, reformed Vishnuite sect in the
Central Provinces, article ' India,' vi.
223. Local notices — Central Provinces,
iii. 312, 313 ; Chhatisgarh,
ni.
396;
their founder born at Daryabad, iv.
451 ; Raipur, xi. 371.
Satodar Waori, petty State in Kathiawar,
xii. 267.
Satpati, port in Bombay, xii. 287, 288.
Satpura, range of mountains in Bombay
and Central India, xii. 288, 289; article
' India,' vi. 35.
Satpura, forest in Central Provinces, xii.
289.
Satrikh, town and parga7id in Oudh, xii.
289.
Satrunjaya, sacred hill in Kathiawar.
See Palitana.
Sattanapalli, talitk in Madras, xii. 290.
.Sattankulam, town in Madras, xii. 290.
Satur, village and /(z7z//l' in Madras, xii. 290.
Satyamangalam, town and taluk in
Madras, xii. 290, 291.
Sauda, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay. See Savda.
Saugor, District, Sub-division, and town
in Central Provinces. See Sagar.
Saugor, island at the mouth of the Hugli.
See Sagar.
Saundatti, town in Bombay, xii. 291.
Saunders, Thomas, Governor of Madras
at Fort St. David (1750-52) and at
Madras (1752-55), ix. 67.
Saunders, Trelawny, on the source of
the Sutlej, quoted, xiii. 140.
Saunt Jot, village in N.-W. Provinces,
xii. 291.
Sauras. See Savars.
Saurath, village and fair in Bengal, xii.
291, 292.
Sausar, town and tahsil in Central Pro-
vinces, xii. 292.
Savali, town in Baroda, xii. 292.
Savaniir, Native State in Bombay, xii.
292,293.
Savanur, chief town of Savaniir State,
xii. 293.
Savandrug, hill fort in Mysore, xii. 293,
294-
Savari, river in Madras. See Sabari.
Savars or Sauras, aboriginal race, especi-
ally numerous in Baramba, ii. 121 ;
Barunibunta Hills, ii. 178 ; Cuttack,
iv. 69 ; Ganjam, v. 5 ; Keunjhar, viii.
120; Khandpara, viii. 160; Kharsal,
viii. 168 ; Madras Presidency, ix. 21 ;
Orissa Tributary States, x. 472 ; Pal
Lohara, xi. 13 ; Parla Kimedi, xi. 64 ;
Raipur, xi. 371 ; Sambalpur, xii. 1S2 ;
Vizagapatam, xiii. 491.
Savda, Sub-division of Bombay, xii. 294.
Savda, town in Bombay, xii. 294, 295.
Savitri, river in Bombay, xii. 295.
Sawan Mall of Miiltan, received Dera
Ghazi Khan in farm from Ranjit Singh
(1832), iv. 312; tried to keep order,
ix. 496; ruled Miiltan (1829-44), ^-
292
INDEX.
5 ; encouraged indigo planting there,
X. 7; his cenotaph, x. 12.
Sawantwari, Native State in Bombay,
xii. 295-299 ; physical aspects, crops,
etc., 296 ; population, 296, 297 ; manu-
factures, 297; means of communication,
297 ; trade, 297 ; history, 297-299.
Sawantwari, chief town of Sawantwari
State. See Wari.
Sawar, town in Rajputana, xii. 299.
Saw mills (steam), Amherst, i. 241 ;
Lower Burma, iii. 197 ; Dala, iv. 97 ;
Howrah, v. 465 ; Yellapur, vii. 373,
xiii. 553 ; Rangoon, xi. 484 ; Ratna-
giri, xii. II.
Sayana, ancient town in N. -W. Provinces.
See Siyana.
Sayla, Native State in Kathiawar, xii.
299-
Sayla, chief town of Sayla State, xii.
299.
Sayyidabad, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces.
See Sadabad.
Sayyid Ahmad, leader of the Wahahi
movement in India, visited Patna
(1820), xi. 99.
Sayyid dynasty, The (1414-50), article
'India,' vi. 286.
Sayyid Husain, murdered at Taragarh
(1210), i. 120; to whose shrine Akbar
went in procession on the birth of a
son, i. 121.
Sayyidnagar, decayed town in N.-\V.
Provinces, xii. 299.
Sayyidpur, town in Bengal, xii. 300.
Sayyidpur, tahsil, village, and ruins in
N.-W. Provinces, xii. 300.
Sayyidpur, tdhik in Sind, xii. 300, 301.
Sayyids, Muhammadan class of import-
ance, in Afghanistan, i. 40 ; Bombay
Presidency, iii. 52 ; Broach, iii. 103 ;
Gujrat, v. 192 ; Gurgaon, v. 218 ;
Haidarabad (Sind), v. 276 ; Hazara,
V. 364 ; Jalali, vii. 79 ; Jansath, vii.
142 ; Jarcha, vii. 143 ; Muzafiargarh,
X. 60; Muzaffarnagar, x. 71; Pesha-
war, xi. 151 ; Pishin, xi. 1S9 ; Punjab,
xi. 273 ; Sind, xii. 51S.
Sayyid Sarawan, village in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, xii. 301.
Sayyid Shah, Haidar All's general, sur-
rendered Gurramkonda to Trimbak
Rao (1771), V. 224.
Sayyidwala, village in Punjab, xii. 301.
Scarcities. See Famines.
Scarves {htiigis), made at Bahawalpur, i,
422 ; Dera Ismail Khan, iv. 22S ;
Dodderi, iv. 31 1 ; Gujranwala, v. 187;
Hoshiarpur, v. 456 ; Rahon in Jaland-
har, vii. 89 ; Jodhpur, vii. 239 ;
Khushab, viii. 213, xii. 366 ; Kohat,
viii. 248 ; Ludhiana, viii. 526 ; Pesha-
war, xi. 154, 155 ; Tatta, xiii. 2x8.
Scents. See Perfumes.
Schiller, Ferdinand, his proposals with
regard to Port Canning, xi. 21 8.
Schmid, missionary in Tinnevelli (1820),
xiii. 304.
Schools. See Educational paragraph of
the administrative section of each
District article.
Schools, Normal. See Normal schools.
School of agriculture, Guindy, v. 178.
Schools of art, the Jamsetji Jejeebhoy, at
Bombay, iii. 60, 71, 81 ; Government
at Calcutta, iii. 259 ; at Jaipur, vii. 60 ;
Lahore, viii. 412; Madras, ix. 116;
Rajkot, xi. 3S9.
Schools of industry, at Lahore, viii. 413 ;
Madras, ix. 116; Ratnagiri, xii. Ii.
Schools, Sanskrit. See Tols.
Schultze, Lutheran missionary in S.
India, ix. 25.
Schwartz, Protestant missionary in S.
India, article ' India,' vi. 260. Loeal
notices — His labours in Madras, ix. 25;
buried in St. Mary's Church, Madras,
ix. 107 ; founded mission in Tanjore
(1778), xiii. 185 ; at first in Tinnevelli
(1770), xiii. 303.
Schwarz, Ritter von, his report on the
iron of the Central Provinces, iii. 300.
Scotch missions. See Protestant missions.
Scott, Col., defeated the Peshwa at
Pardarkaura (1S18), xi. 35, xiii. 540.
Scott, Mr., first British Political Agent
in the Khasi Hills, introduced potato-
growing (1S30), viii. 121.
Scott-Waring, }ilr. Edward, History of
the Mardthds, quoted, article ' India,'
vi. 317 (footnote i).
Scully, Dr., on the Karakoram Pass,
quoted, vii. 464.
Sculpture, Greek and Indian types of, vi.
171 ; 608, 609.
Scythic invasions and inroads (126 B.C.
to 544 A.D. ), article ' India,' vi. chap,
vii. pp. 174-190, Aryan and Turanian
invasions from Central Asia, 174 ;
Scythic movements towards India, 174,
175 ; Kanishka's fourth Buddhist
Council (40 A. D.), 175 ; pre-Buddhistic
Scythic influences, 175 ; Buddha a
Sakya (? Scythian), 176, 177 ; early
Tibetan traditions, 177, 178 ; Sakya
race customs, 178 ; Scythic Buddhism
in India, 178, 179 ; Scythic elements
in the Indian population — the Jats and
Rajputs, 179, 180 ; Indian struggle
against the Scythians, 180-182; Vikra-
maditya's aciiievements, 181 ; Sen,
Gupta, and Yallabhi dynasties, 182,
183 ; the pre-Aiyan element in ancient
India, 183 ; ancient pre-Aryan king-
doms, 1 84- 1 89 ; the Takshaksof Rawal
Pindi, 184, 1 85 ; the Nagas, 185, 186;
INDEX.
293
the Ghakkars of Rawal Pindi, 186 ;
the Bhars of Oudh and the N.-W.
Provinces, 187 ; Koch kingdom of
Northern Bengal, 187, 188 ; the
Ahams of Assam, 1S8 ; Bundelas, 188;
Gonds, Ahits, and Bhils of Central
India, 189 ; pre - Aryan aboriginal
tribes of Lower Bengal and Southern
India, 189 ; vScylhic and Naga in-
fluences on Hinduism, and on the
religion and domestic life of modern
India, 189, 190.
Sea-borne trade of British India, article
'India,' vi. 559-581 ; the great sea-
ports, 559, 560 ; early European,
Portuguese, Dutch, and English traders,
560, 561 ; advancement of English
trade, 561,562; Indian trade (1878-85),
563, 564 ; staples of foreign sea-borne
import and export trade, 561-581. See
also Commerce and trade. Local notices
— Aden, i. 18, 19 ; Adrampet, i. 27 ;
Akyab, i. 160 ; Alleppi, i. 200 ; Anjan-
wel, i. 290 ; Balasor, ii. 9 ; Bassein, ii.
202; Bengal, ii. 312-314; Beypur, ii. 335;
Bhaunagar, ii. 380 ; Bimlipatam, ii.
461 ; Bilimora, ii. 457, 458 ; Bombay
Presidency, iii. 65, city, iii. 81 ;
Broach, iii. 114 ; Bulsar, iii. 149 ;
Calcutta, iii. 262 - 267 ; Calicut, iii.
268 ; Cannanore, iii. 275 ; Chittagong,
iii. 445 ; Coconada, iii. 472 ; Cochin,
iv. II ; Coringa, iv. 42, 43 ; False
Point, iv. 391 ; Ghorbandar, v. 74 ;
Gopalpur, v. 162 ; Harnai, v. 340 ;
Honawar, v. 440; Jaitapur," vii. 71 ;
Kalingapatam, vii. 330 ; Kalyan, vii.
346 ; Karachi District, vii. 449 ;
Karachi port, vii. 456 ; Karwar, viii.
56; Keti, viii. 119; Kumpta, viii.
361 ; Madras Presidency, ix. 63, 64,
city, ix. 112; Mangalore, ix. 313,
314; Masulipatam, ix. 353 ; IMaulmain,
ix. 372 ; Mora, ix. 504 ; Bedi, x. 254 ;
Negapatam, x. 258, 259 ; Orissa, x.
460 ; Pen, xi. 132 ; Porbandar, xi.
216 ; Rangoon, xi. 486, 487 ; Ratna-
giri, xii. II, 13; Sankshi ports, xii.
224 ; Surat, xiii. 128, 134 ; Tankari,
xiii. _ 198 ; Tavoy, xiii.^ 232, 233 ;
Tellicherri, xiii. 237 ; Thana, xiii. 259;
Trombay, xiii. 370 ; Tuticorin, xiii.
385, 386 ; Vengurla, xiii. 470 ; Vizaga-
patam, xiii. 498 ; Viziadrug, xiii. 499.
Sealing-wax, made at Sira, xii. 546 ;
Tumkiir, xiii. 479.
Sealkote, District, tahsil, and town in
Punjab. See Sialkot.
Seaside watering places, Birkul, iii. 12,
13 ; Chandpur, iii. 361, 362; Ennore,
iv. 354-.
Seaton, Sir Thomas, defeated the Etah
mutineers at Gangiri (Dec. 1857), iv.
360 ; and another band in Farukhabad
(April 1858), iv. 411.
Seberi, river in Madras. See Sabari.
Secret orgies in Siva-worship, vi. 215.
Secretariats of the Government of India,
and of the Provincial governments, vi.
437. 438-
Secretary of State's India Council in
London, vi. 431.
Secular literature of the Hindus, article
'India,' vi. 118-128. See also chap,
xiii., 'The Indian Vernaculars and
their Literature,' 325-355.
Sect and national classification of the
population, article 'India,' vi. Appendix
X. 703. See also the Population
section of each District article.
Secunderabad, town and tahsil in N.-W.
Provinces. See Sikandarabad.
Secunderabad, British military canton-
ment in Haidarabad State, xii. 301-303.
Seebsaugor, District, Sub - division, and
town in Assam. See Sibsagar.
Segauli, town and cantonment in Bengal,
xii. 303 ; treaty of, the termination of
the Gurkha war (181 5), article 'India,'
vi. 400.
Seghiir (Si'gur) Ghat, pass in Madras, xii.
Sehi, village in N.-W. Provinces, xii.
303,^ 304.
Sehora, village in Central Provinces, xii.
304-
Sehore, town and cantonment in Bhopal
State, Central India, xii. 304.
Sehwan, Sub-division in Sind, xii. 304, 305.
Sehwan, town and tdliik in Sind, xii. 305.
Sejakpur, petty State in Kathiawar,xii. 306.
Selam, District and town in Madras.
See Salem.
Selections from the Despatches of the Duke
of Wellington, by Sidney J. Owen,
quoted, article 'India,' vi. 317 (foot-
note I).
Selections f-oni the Despatches of the
Marquis Wellesley, by Sidney J.
Owen, quoted, vi. 317 (footnote l).
Selere, river in Madras. See Siller.
Seleukos, Alexander's successor to his
conquests in Bactria and the Punjab
(312-306 B.C.), article ' India,' vi. 166,
167 ; cession of the Punjab to Chandra
Gu]5ta, 167 ; Megasthenes' embassy to
Chandra Gupta's court at Pataliputra
(the modern Patna), 167, 168 ; his war
with Chandra Gupta, x. 362.
Selu, town in Central Provinces, xii. 307.
Selungs, aboriginal tribeof fishermen, etc.,
in Mergui, ix. 409; Mergui Archipelago,
ix. 412 ; Sullivan's Island, xiii. 95.
Sema Nagas, The, x. 147.
Sena dynasty. The, of,Surashtra (70 B.C.-
235 A.D.), article 'India,' vi. 182.
294
INDEX.
Shendamangalam, town in Madras. See
Sendamangalam.
Sendgarsa, table-land in Bengal, xii.
307- .
Sendurjana, town in Berar, xii. 307.
Sengars, a tribe, originally Brahmans,
now Rajputs, in Jalaun, where they
plundered in 1857, vii. 97.
Senhati, town in Bengal, xii. 307.
Senna, grown, equal to Egyptian, in
Dindigal, iv. 301.
Sentapilli, village and lighthouse in
Madras. See Chantapilli.
Seodasheo Bhao, Maratha general, so
offended Suraj Mall of Bharlpur before
the battle of Panipat (1761) that he
left the army, ii. 373.
Seodivadar, petty State in Kathiawar,
xii.^ 307.
Seonath, river in Central Provinces, xii.
_ 307,, 308.
Seondara, village in N.-W. Provinces,
xii. 308.
Seonhra, town in Bundelkhand. See
Seorha.
Seoni, District in Central Provinces, xii.
308-314 ; physical aspects, 308, 309 ;
history, 309-311; population, 311,
312 ; agriculture, 312, 313 ; commerce
and trade, 313 ; administration, 313 ;
medical aspects, 313, 314.
Seoni, town and iahsil in Seoni District,
Central Provinces, xii. 314, 315.
Seoni, town and tahsil in Hoshangabad
District, Central Provinces, xii. 315,
316.
Seoniband, artificial lake in Central Pro-
vinces, xii. 316.
Seopur, town in Central India, xii. 316.
Seoraj, tract of country in Kangra Dis-
trict, Punjab, xii. 316.
Seorha, town in Bundelkhand, xii. 316.
Seori Narayan, town and talisil in Central
Provinces, xii. 316, 317.
Seo Singh, Raja of Edar (1753-91), lost
half his State to the Peshwa, and had
to pay tribute for the other half to the
Gaekwar, iv. "^"iiZ.
Seota, town in Oudh, xii. 317.
Sepoy mutiny. See Mutiny.
Sera, ancient name for the southern
Division of Dravida. See Chera.
Serajgimge, town and Sub -division in
Bengal. See Sirajganj.
Serampur, Sub-division in Bengal, xii.
317-
Serampur or Fredriksnagar, settlement
of the Danish East India Company
(1616), acquired by the English by
purchase ( 1 845"), article ' India,' vi. 372;
Baptist Mission at, founded by Carey,
Marshman, and .Ward, 260; xii. 318.
Serfdom in India, vi. 49.
Sergada, estate in Madras, xii. 318.
Seringapatam, the old capital of Mysore,
xii. 318-320; history, 318, 319;
general description, 320 ; capture of,
and death of Tipu Sultan, article
' India,' vi. 396, 397.
Seringham, town and temple in Madras.
See Srirangam.
Serpentine rock, found in the Andaman
Islands, i. 283 ; Assam, i. 347 ; Dun-
garpur, iv. 322 ; Henzada, v. 3S4 ;
Jambulghata, vii. 121 ; Mysore, x. 91 ;
Nagari, x. 157- .
Serpent-worship, its influence on Hindu-
ism, article ' India,' vi. 185, 186 ;
serpent ornamentation in Hinduism,
Buddhism, and Christianity, 202,
203. Local notices — Bara Banki, ii.
107 ; Bhuj, ii. 408 ; Central Provinces,
iii. 310; Hiremagalur, x. 423; Talsana,
xii. 169.
Sesa, river in Assam, xii. 320.
Seshachalam, hill rangein Madras, xii. 32 1.
Sesodia Rajputs, one of the leading clans
of Rajputs, xi. 409, 410 ; in Udaipur,
xiii. 402.
Seths, money-lenders and bankers. See
Trading castes.
Seton, Daniel, last Lieut. -Governor of
Surat up to 1800, monument to, in
Bombay Cathedral, xiii. 123.
Settipattadai, town in Madras, xii. 321.
Settiir, town in IMadras, xii. 321.
Seven Pagodas, ^ town in Madras. See
Mahabalipur,
Severi, river in Madras. See Sabari.
Sewan, Sub-division in Bengal, xii. 321,
322.
Sewan, town in Bengal. Set AHganj
Sewan.
Sewan, town in Punjab, xii. 322.
Sewani, town in Punjab, xii. 322.
Sex, Population classified according to.
See Population section of each Pro-
vincial and District article.
Shabkadar, town and fort in Punjab, xii.
322.
Shagreen, made at Nawanagar, x. 252.
Shahabad, District in Bengal, xii. 322-
333 ; physical • aspects, 323, 324 ;
minerals, 324 ; wild animals, 324, 325 ;
the Son Canals, 325, 326 ; population,
326, 327 ; urban and rural population,
327, 328 ; antiquities, 328 ; defence of
Arrah (1857), 32S, 329; agriculture,
329 - 331 ; natural calamities, 331 ;
commerce and trade, 331, 332 ; ad-
ministration, 332; education, 333 ;
medical aspects, 333.
Shahabad, tahsil in Oudh, xii. 333, 334.
Shahabad, /ar^a«(? in Oudh, xii. 334.
Shahabad, town in Oudh, xii. 335, 336.
Shahabad, town in Punjab, xii. 336, 337.
INDEX.
295
Shahabad, town in Rampur State, N.-W.
Provinces, xii. 337.
Shahabad, town in Kashmir, xii. 337.
Shahabazar, town in Bombay, xii. 337.
Shah Abbas, of Persia, his siege of
Farrah, i. 35.
Shahab-ud-din Ghori. See Muhammad
of Ghor.
Shahada, Sub-division in Bombay, xii.
337-
Shahada, town in Bombay, xii. 337, 338.
Shah Alam, Emperor, received Allahabad
from the English (1765), and returned
it (1771), i. 187 ; invaded Bengal, ii.
255 ; confirmed grant of jdgir of
Chengalpat to the Company (1763),
iii. 382 ; restored by the Marathas to
Delhi (1771), and remained subject to
them till Lake took Delhi (1803), iii.
193-
Shahamat Ali, administered Ratlam State,
xii. I.
Shahapur, town and Sub - division in
Bombay, xii. 338.
Shahapur, town in Sangli State, Bombay,
xii. 338.
Shahara, town in Central Provinces, xii.
338, 339-
Shahbandar, Sub-division in Sind,xii. 339.
Shahbandar, taluk in Sind, xii. 339, 340.
Shahbandar, town in Sind, xii. 340.
Shahbaznagar, village in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, xii. 340.
Shahbazpur, village in X.-W. Provinces,
xii. 340.
Shahdadpur, tdbik in Upper Sind Fron-
tier, Sind, xii. 340, 341.
Shahdadpur, town and tdhik in Haidar-
abad District, Sind, xii. 341.
Shahdara, village, with mausoleums, in
Punjab, xii. 341.
Shahdara, town in N.-W. Provinces, xii.
341, 342.
Shah Dheri, village and ruins in Punjab.
See Deri Shahan.
Shahganj, town in N.-W. Provinces, xii.
342-
Shahganj, town in Oudh, xii. 342.
Shahgarh, town in Central Provinces,
xii. 342.
Shahi, canal in Punjab, xii. 342.
Shahiwal, town in Punjab. See Sahiwal.
Shah Jahan, fifth Mughal Emperor of
India (1628-58), article ' India,' vi.
302-305; chief events of his reign,
302 (footnote) ; loss of Kandahar
(1653), 303; Deccan conquests, 303,
304 ; Taj Mahal and other architec-
tural works, 304 ; revenues, 304 (foot-
note 3) ; deposed by his rebellious son.
Prince Aurangzeb, 305 ; magnificence
of his court, 305. Local notices — Pro-
claimed Emperor at Agra (1628), lived
there (1632-37), where he built the
Taj Mahal and Jama Masjid, and
spent his last days there after his depo
sition, i. 69 ; overthrew kingdom of
Ahmadnagar, i. 108 ; took Bardwan
(1624), ii. 127 ; Governor of Bengal
(1622-25), ii. 278 ; reconquered Berar
(1630), iii. 144 ; built the walls, palace,
and Jama Masjid of Delhi, iv. 1S6,
187, 188 ; which he called Shah-
jahanabad, iv. 193 ; built palace at
Gwalior, v. 236 ; established Muham-
madan colonies in Hardoi, v. 323 ; be-
cause refused refuge by the Portuguese
Governor of Hiigli, when in rebelli'n
against his father, had that city stormed
(1629), V. 499, 500; his buildings at
Lahore, viii. 416 ; appointed special
governor to stamp out idolatry in
>Iuttra, X. 64 ; built Jama Masjid at
Tatta, because that city sheltered him
when a fugitive from his father, xiii.
219 ; as prince, commanded the army
which caused the Rana Umra of
Mewar to submit, xiii. 405 ; found an
asylum at Udaipur till his accession,
xiii. 410.
Shahjahanpur, District in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, xii. 342-355 ; physical aspects,
343, 344 ; wild animals, 344 ; history,
344-346 ; mutiny, 345, 346 ; popula-
tion, 346-348 ; material condition of
the people, 348, 349 ; agriculture, 349,
350; land tenures, rent, etc., 350,
351 ; natural calamities, 351, 352 ;
commerce and trade, 352, 353 ; ad-
ministration, 353, 354 ; medical aspects,
354, 355-
Shahjahanpur, tahsU'va. N.-W. Provinces,
-^ii- 355-
Shahjahanpur, city in N.-W. Provinces,
xii- 355-357-
Shahjahanpur, town in Gwalior State,
xii. 357.
Shah Jalal, Muhammadan fakir, who
accompanied the army which invaded
Sylhet, xiii. 146 ; his tomb a place of
worship, xiii. 157.
Shahji Bhonsla, founder of the Maratha
power (1634), article 'India,' vi. 317.
Local notices — Had his capital at Ban-
galore, ii. 60 ; an officer of the king of
Bijapur, ii. 424 ; commanded the Bija-
pur division at the capture of Gingi
(1638), V. 83; overran Kolaba (1632),
viii. 263 ; received Kolar in fief (1639),
which he bequeathed to Venkoji, viii.
274 ; his career, xi. 203, 204 ; had
Poona granted to him (1637), xi. 212 ;
Sira part of his jagir, xii. 546 ; ruled
over Tumkur, xiii. 376.
Shah-ki-dheri, village and ruins in Pun-
jab. See Deri Shahan.
^96
I^DEX.
Shahlimar, gardens in Punjab. See
Shalamar.
Shahnavaz Khan, took refuge in Chait-
pet (1750), iii. 325-
Shah Nawaz Khan, Nawab of Tank,
restored by Edwardes (1846), xiii.
197- ... . „
Shahpur, District in Punjab, xii. 357-
367 ; physical aspects, 357-359 ; forest
conservancy, 360 ; minerals, 360, 361 ;
wild animals, 361 ; history, 361-363 ;
population, 363-365 ; agriculture, 365,
366 ; commerce and trade, 366 ; ad-
ministration, 366, 367 ; medical aspects,
3,67.
Shahpur, tahsil in Punjab, xii. 367,
36S.
Shahpur, town in Shahpur District, Pun-
jab, xii. 368.
Shahpur, village in N.-W. Provinces,
xii. 368.
►Shahpur, town in Gurdaspur District,
Punjab, xii. 368.
Shahpur, village in Sagar District, Cen-
tral Provinces, xii. 368.
Shahpur, village in Nimar District, Cen-
tral Provinces, xii. 368.
Shahpur, hill range in Central Provinces,
^ xii. 368, 369.
Shahpur, petty State in Kathiawar, xii.
369-
Shahpura, Native State in Rajputana,
xii. 369. 370.
Shahpura, capital of Shahpura State, xii.
370.
Shahpura, town in Central Provinces,
xii. 370. ...
Shahpuri, island in Chittagong District,
Bengal, xii. 370.
Shahr Sultan, town in Punjab, xii. 370,
371-
Shah Shuja, installed by the British as
Amir of Kabul (1S39), article ' India,'
vi. 407. Local notices — Elphinstone's
mission to, i. 49 ; his restoration and
reign, i. 50, 51 ; failed to take Kanda-
har (1834), but crowned there after
British help (1839), vii. 392 ; his family
settled at Ludhiana, viii. 521 ; when in
exile, lived at Rawal Pindi, xii. 36 ;
invaded Shikarpur (1833), xii. 391 ;
defeated the Talpur Mirs at Sukkur
(1833), xiii. 94.
Shah Taryab, general of the IMuham-
madans, who invaded Damoh (loth
century), where his descendants still
live, iv. 108.
Shahzadzpur, town in N.-W. Provinces,
^i^- 371- .
Shaikhawati, province in Jaipur .State,
Rajputana, xii. yil-yiZ-
Shaikh Budin, hill and sanitarium in
Punjab, xii. 373.
Shaikhpura, town in Bengal, xii. 373.
Shaikhs. See Muhammadans, and Popu-
lation section in the Districts in whicli
Muhammadans are numerous.
Shaista Khan, nephew of Nur Jahan,
punished the king of Arakan for the
murder of Sultan Shuja, i. 152 ; Nawab
of Bengal (1664-75, 1680-89), ii-
278 ; conquered Cliittagong (1664,
1665), iii. 436 ; his buildings at Dacca,
iv. 81 ; confiscated factory at Kasim-
bazar with other factories in Bengal
(1686), viii. 80; defeated the Por-
tuguese pirates of Noakhali, x. 34.2,
343; occupied Poona (1663), but was
defeated there by Sivaji, xi. 212 ; con-
quered Sandwip Island (1665), xii.
210.
Shakargarh, tahsil in Punjab, xii. 373.
.Shakargarh, town and fort in Punjab.
See Shabkadar
Shakespear, Major, fought his way through
the Singhora Pass to relieve Sambalpur
(1857), xii. 178.
Shalamar, gardens, near Lahore, in the
Punjab, xii. 374.
Shall, hill in Punjab, xii. 374.
Shalvari, town in Bombay, xii. 374.
Sham Das, mutineer leader (1857), whose
village was destroyed by the Raja of
Faridkot, iv. 393.
Shami, town in Radhanpur State, Bom-
bay, xii. 374.
Shamli, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces, xii.
374, 375-
Shamli, town in N.-W. Provinces, xii.
375-
Shamsabad, town in N.-W. Provinces,
xii. 375- .
Shamsha, river in Mysore, xii. 375, 376.
Shamsher Bahadur, son of AH Bahadur
of Bundelkhand, defeated by Colonel
Powell, and deposed, iii. 156.
Shamsherganj, village in Assam, xii. 376.
Shams-ud-din Altamsh. See Altamsh.
Shams-ud-din, Governor of Bengal, over-
ran Noakhali (1353), x. 341.
Shanans, toddy - drawers, generally
demon-worshippers, in Madras Presi-
dency, ix. 20 ; Tinnevelli, xiii. 302.
Shandus, aboriginal tribe in Arakan Hill
Tracts, i. 300; Lower Burma, iii. 183,
1S4 ; their raids on the Chittagong Hill
Tracts, iii. 448, 450.
Shank or conch shells, found in and ex-
ported from Tinnevelli, xiii. 308.
Shanor, petty State in Revva Kantha,
xii. 376.
Shans, in Amherst, i. 23S, 242 ; Bassein,
ii. 196 ; Lower Burma, iii. 182 ; Upper
Burma, iii. 212; Henzada, v. 386;
Prome, xi. 230 ; Rangoon, xi. 476,
477; Salwin Hill Tracts, xii. 175;
INDEX.
297
Shwe-gyin, xii. 431 ; Taung-ngu, xiii.
224 ; Tharawadi, xiii. 272 ; Shan-zu,
near Twan-te, xiii. 3S6.
Shapur, petty State in Kathiawar. See
Shahpur.
Sharabhoji, last Maratha Raja of Tanjore,
ceded it to the Company (1799), xiii.
1S2 ; and died (1832), xiii. 1S3.
Sharadanadi, river in Madras, xii. 376.
Sharakpur, tahsil in Punjab, xii. 376.
Sharakpur, town in Punjab, xii. 376,
377-
Sharavati, river in S. India, xii. 377.
Sharif Khan, Governor of Ellichpur
(1741-52), deposed by the Nizam
for pretending to equality, iv. 346.
Sharkey, I\Irs. , maintained mission school
for girls at Masulipatam for 31 years,
ix. 355-
Sharki Dynasty of Jaunpur, History of,
vii. 152, X. 364, 365.
Sharks' fins, exported from Chittagong,
iii. 434. _
Sharretalai, town and tdhik in Travan-
core, xii. 377.
Sliatal, pass in Punjab, xii. 377.
Shaw, R. B., Resident at Mandalay,
where he died (1879), iii. 229 ; quoted,
on the Karakoram Pass, xii. 464.
Shawl-edging, made at Gujranwala, v.
1S7 ; Kila Sobha Singh, viii. 217 ;
Xarowal, x. 214; Sialkot, xii. 447,
448.
Shawls, article 'India,' vi. 112; 603;
an Indian jewelled shawl, vi. 604.
Local notices — Shawls made -at Am-
ritsar, i. 265 ; Benares, ii. 266 ; Delhi,
iv. 197 ; Dera Nanak, iv. 229 ; Fateh-
garh, iv. 421 ; Gujrat, v. 197 ; Islam-
abad, vii. 26 ; Jalalpur, vii. 80 ; Kangra,
vii. 426 ; Kashmir, viii. 73 ; Kistawar,
viii. 215; Lucknow, viii. 516; Ludhi-
ana, viii. 523, 526 ; Ni'irpur, x. 419 ;
Pathankot, xi. 86 ; Punjab, xi. 287 ;
Rampur, xi. 460, xii. 494.
Shawl-wool trade, at Leh, viii. 469.
Sheep, article ' India,' vi. 521, 522.
Local notices — Afghanistan, i. 39 ;
Chanda, iii. 353 ; Chitaldrug, iii. 426 ;
Garhwal, v. 21, 22; Hiinsur, v. 502;
Jaisalmer, vii. 69 ; Kathiawar, viii.
96 ; Kolar, viii. 276 ; Ladakh, viii.
397 ; Madras, ix. 8, 9 ; Malvalli, ix.
266 ; ^landya, ix. 311 ; Nepal, x. 277,
278 ; Purniah, xi. 322 ; Rajputana,
xi. 418; Saifganj, xii. 141 ; Sirmur,
xii. 555 ; Tumkur, xiii. 379 ; Udaipur,
xiii. 402.
Sheep as beasts of burden in the Hima-
layas, article ' India,' vi. 10.
Sheep, Wild, Jiridl, jungle sheep, etc.,
article ' India.' vi. 657. Local notices
— Baluchistan, ii. 36; Bannu, ii. 90;
Chamba, iii. 329 ; Chengalpat, iii.
382; Coorg, iv. 32 ; Gilghit, V. 78;
Hassan, v. 346 ; Himalaya Mountains,
V. 409 ; Hindu Kush, v. 419 ; Karachi,
vii. 445 ; Ladakh, viii. 397 ; Palni
IMountains, xi. 17 ; Peshawar, xi. 147;
Pishin, xi. 1S8 ; Rawal Pindi, xii. 23 ;
Shahpur, xii. 361 ; Shevaroy Hills,
xii. 383 ; Shimoga, xii. 400.
Shegaon, town in Berar, xii. 377, 378.
Shekhaw.ati, pro\ince in Rajputana. See
Shaikhawati.
Shekh Budin, sanitarium in Punjab. See
Shaikh Budin.
Shekohpura, ancient town in Punjab,
xii. 378.
Sheila, petty State in the Khasi Plills,
xii. 378.
Shell-carving, at Dacca, iv. 16 ; Sylhet,
xiii. 157.
Shell-fish, found in the Andaman Islands,
i. 282 : Faridpur, iv. 396 ; Madras
Presidency, ix. 102 ; Nicobar Islands,
x. 295 ; the Sundarbans, xiii. 389.
Shell-lac, manufactured at Birbhum, iii. 9 ;
Lohardaga, viii. 4S4 ; Mirzapur, ix.
462.
Shell-lime. See Lime.
Shendamangalam, xii. 378.
Shendurjana, town in Berar. See Sen-
durjana.
Shendurni, town in Bombay, xii. 378,
379-
Sheng-dha-wai, pagoda in Lower Burma.
See Shin-da-we.
Sheng-maw, pagoda in Lower Burma.
See Shin-maw.
Sheng-mut-ti, pagoda in Lower Burma.
See Shin-mut-ti.
Shenkotta, town and tdhik in Tra van core,
xii. 379.
Sheogaon, town and Sub-division in
Bombay. See Shivgaon.
Sheopur, town in Gwalior State. See
Seopur.
Shepherd, Major, checked the advance
of Amir Khan on Irich {1804), vii. 24.
Sher, river in Central Provinces, xii.
379-
Sheraingil, tdhtk in Travancore, xii. 379.
Sher AH, port in Bombay. See Shirali.
Sher AH Khan, Amir of Afghanistan,
interview with Lord oNIayo at Ambala,
i. 51 ; died in exile (1879), i. 52 ; his
capture of Kandahar (1865)5 and re-
capture (1868), vii. 395.
Shergarh, town in N.-\V. Provinces, xii.
380.
Shergarh, ruined village in Bengal, xii.
380- ,
."^herghati, town in Bengal, xii. 3S0.
Sherkot, town in N.-W. Provinces, xii.
380.
298
INDEX.
Shermadevi, town in Madras, xii. 381.
Sher Muhammad Khan, Nawab of Chica-
cole, in Vizagapatam (1652), iii. 21 ;
ruled over Ganjam, v. 3.
Sher Muhammad Khan, Nawab of Dera
Ismail Khan, lost part of his territory
to the Sikhs (1821), and the rest (1836),
iv. 221.
Sheroda, State in Kathiawar. See Shi-
rod a.
Sherpur, town in N.-W. Provinces, xii.
381.
Sherpur, town in Bogra District, Bengal,
xii. 381.
Sherpur, town in Maimansingh District,
Bengal, xii. 381, 382.
Sherpur, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay. See Shirpur.
Sherring's, Rev. M. A., Himiii Tribes and
Castes, vi. 193 (footnote i) ; 194 (foot-
notes 2, 3, and 4) ; 195 (footnote 2) ;
221 (footnote 4).
Sher Shah, Afghan Emperor of Delhi
(1540-45), killed while storming the
fortress of Kalinjar, article 'India,' vi.
291. Local notices — Defeated Hum-
ayun at Chausa (1539), iii. 378 ; took
Delhi (1540), and built fortress of Sa-
limgarh, iv. 193 ; attempted to settle
Etawah, iv. 371 ; sacked Gaur (1537),
v. 36; took Gwalior (1543), v. 236;
killed at Kalinjar, vii. 332 ; defeated
Humayun at Kanauj (1540), vii. 386 ;
took Raisin (1543), xi. 380; took
Rohta=garh (1539), xii. 78; built fort
of Rotas (1540), xii. 80 ; his mausoleum
at Sasseram, xii. 273 ; terminus of his
Great Trunk Road at Sonargaon, xiii.
59-
Sher Shah, village in the Punjab, xn.
382.
Sher Singh, Sikh general, defeated Say-
yid Ahmad at Derband (1827), iv.
229; defeated at Gujrat (1849), v.
190; repaired the Khanwah Canal
(1843), viii. 165; commander-in-chief
in second Sikh war, xi. 266 ; action at
Ramnagar, xi. 452 ; laid down arms at
Rawal Pindi (1849), xii. 36, 37 ; action
at Sadullapur, xii. 97.
Shervarayar Malai. See Shevaroy Hills.
Shetrunja (Satrunjaya), place of pilgrim-
age. See Palitana.
Shevaroy, hill range in Madras, xii. 382-
385-
Shiah Posh. See Kafirs.
Shiahs, one of the great Muhammadan
sects. See Muhammadans, the Popu-
lation section of each District article,
and especially Faizabad, iv. 383 ;
Jaunpur, vii. 154; Lucknow District,
viii. 496, 497, city, v. 515.
Shiar, pass in Punjab, xii. 385.
Shibi, village in Mysore, xii. 385.
Shidhpur, town in Baroda. See Sidhpur.
Shi-gun, village in Lower Burma, xii.
385-
Shikaris or Daphers, Muhammadan class
in Haidarabad (Sind), v. 277.
Shikarpur, District in Sind, xii. 385-394 ;
physical aspects, 385, 386 ; history,
386-392 ; population, 392, 393 ; agri-
culture, 393 ; natural calamities, 393 ;
commerce and trade, 393 ; administra-
tion, 393, 394 ; medical aspects, 394.
Shikarpur, taluk in Sind, xii. 394.
Shikarpur, town in Sind, xii. 394-396.
Shikarpur, town in N.-W. Provinces, xii.
396.
Shikarpur, tdhik in Mysore, xii. 396.
Shikarpur, village in Mysore, xii. 396,
397-
Shikohabad, tahsil in N.-W. Provmces,
xii. 397.
Shikohabad, town in N.-W. Provinces,
xii- 397, 398.
Shillong, hill station and administrative
head-quarters of Assam, xii. 398, 399.
Shillong, mountain range in Assam, xii.
399-
Shimoga, District in Mysore, xii. 399-
406 ; physical aspects, 399, 400 ; his-
tory, 400, 401 ; population, 401-403 ;
agriculture, 403, 404 ; manufactures
and trade, 404 ; administration, 404,
405 ; medical aspects, 405, 406.
Shimoga, town and taluk in Mysore, xii.
406.
Shimshupa, river in Mysore. See Sham-
sha.
Shin-da-we, pagoda in Lower Burma,
xii. 406.
Shingnapur, town in Bombay, xii. 406,
407.
Shin-maw, pagoda in Lower Burma, xn.
407.
Shin-mut-ti, pagoda in Lower Burma,
xii. 407.
Shins, tribe in Gilghit, v. 78, 80, 81 ;
the Hindu Kush, v. 417, 418.
Ship-building in Balasor, ii. 4 ; Chitta-
gong, iii. 441 ; Coringa, iv. 32 ;
Daman, iv. 102 ; Maulmain, ix. 372 ;
Rangoon, xi. 485, 486.
Shiron, town in Baroda, xii. 407.
Shirali, port in Bombay, xii. 407.
Shiroda, petty State in Kathiawar, xii.
407.
Shirol, town in Bombay, xii. 407.
Shirpur, Sub - division in Bombay, xii.
407, 408.
Shirpur, town in Bombay, xn. 408.
S/iis/ia/n trees, found in Allahabad, i.
190 ; Assam, i. 349 ; Azamgarh, i.
393 ; Bannu, ii. 89 ; Bareilly, ii. 138 ;
Betul, ii. 329 ; Bhakkar, ii. 358 ;
INDEX.
299
Bijnaur, ii. 42S ; Bombay Presidency,
iii. 44 ; Bulandshahr, iii. 132 ; Daman,
iv. 102 ; Eastern Dwars, iv. 329 ; Jash-
pur, vii. 145 ; Kangra, vii. 412 ;
Karor, viii. 48 ; Kheri, viii. 190 ; the
Konkan, viii. 292 ; Kulsi, viii. 335 ;
Lahore, viii. 404 ; Larkhana, viii.
463 ; Mainpuri, ix. 202 ; Mehar, ix.
396 ; Monghyr, ix. 480 ; Muzaffar-
garh, X. 57; Nepal, x. 277; N.-W.
Provinces, x. 3S0 ; Oudh, x. 482 ;
Peshawar, xi. 146 ; Punjab, xi. 280 ;
Puri, xi. 301 ; Rai Bareli, xi. 353 ;
Ratnagiri, xii. 3 ; Rawal Pindi, xii,
21 ; Revva Kantha, xii. 49 ; Shahpur,
xii. 360 ; Sind, xii. 506 ; Singhbhum,
xii. 521 ; Sitapur, xiii. 30 ; Sultanpur,
xiii. 97 ; Upper Sind Frontier, xiii.
439;
Shiurajpiir, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces,
xii. 408, 409.
Shiurajpur, town in Cawnpur District,
N.-W. Provinces, xii. 409.
Shiurajpur, village in Allahabad District,
N.-W. Provinces, xii. 409.
Shiurajpur, village in Fatehpur District,
N.-W. Provinces, xii. 409.
Shivaganga, town and estate in Madras.
Sec Sivaganga.
Shivaganga, hill in Mysore. See Siva-
ganga.
Shivbara, petty Bhil State in Bombay.
See Dang States.
Shivgaon, Sub-division in Bombay, xii.
409, 410.
Shivgaon, town in Bombay, xii. 410.
Shivner, hill fort in Bombay, xii. 410,
Shiyali, town and tdhik in Madras, xii.
411-
Sholagarh, town in Bengal, xii. 411.
Sholangipuram, town in Madras. See
Sholinghar.
Sholapur, District in Bombay, xii. 411-
420; physical aspects, 411, 412; his-
tory, 412, 413; population, 413, 414;
agriculture, 414, 415 ; irrigation, 415,
416 ; forests, 416 ; natural calamities,
416, 417 ; trade, communications, etc.,
417, 418 ; administration, 418, 419 ;
medical aspects, 419, 420.
Sholapur, Sub-division in Bombay, xii.
420.
Sholapur, town in Bombay, xii. 420-422.
Sholawandan, town in Madras, xii. 422.
Sholinghar, town in Madras, xii. 422, 423.
Shorapur, formerly a tributary State of
the Nizam, now a part of his dominions,
xii. 423, 424.
Shore, Sir John, Governor-General of
India, Lord Teignmouth (1793-98),
article ' India,' vi. 394. Local notices
— P'ramed the Permanent Settlement
in Bengal, ii. 279 ; refused to interfere
in the war between the Nizam and the
Marathas, v. 251 ; his description of
his life as Political Agent at Murshid-
abad (i77i-73)> x. 37.
Shorkot, ancient town and iahsil in
Punjab, xii. 424.
Shortt, Dr., quoted, on the Kotas, viii.
301 ; on the Nilgiri hill tribes, x. 310-
312; on the Nilgiri cromlechs, x. 323.
Shrankaji Narayan Sachiv, took Sinh-
garh (1706), xii. 544.
Shravan-belgola, village with statue of
Goniateswara in Mysore, xii. 424, 425.
Shrigonda, town and Sub - division in
Bombay. See Srigonda.
Shrines common to different faiths,
article 'India,' vi. 203.
Shrines. See Temples and Tombs of
Muhammadan saints.
Shrivardhan, town in Bombay. See Sri-
wardhan.
Shuja, Sultan, son of Shah Jahan, mur-
dered by the king of Arakan (1661),
i. 152 ; Governor of Bengal (1639-60),
ii. 278 ; granted site of a factory in
Bengal to the East India Company
(1640), V. 491 ; rebelled, and was
finally defeated by Mir Jumla (1660),
xiii. 166.
Shujabad, tahsil in Punjab, xii. 425, 426.
Shujabad, town in Punjab, xii. 426.
Shuja-ud-daula, Nawab of Oudh (1756-
80), his wars with the Rohillas, ii. 139,
140; invaded Bengal with Shah Alam,
ii. 255 ; ceded Cawnpur and Fateh-
garh to the East India Company
(1765), iii. 291 ; made Faizabad his
capital (1760), iv. 382, 388 ; conquered
Rohilkhand (1774) with British help,
iv. 411 ; defeated the Rohillas at East
Fatehganj, iv. 419 ; surrendered Fateh-
pur to the Emperor (1765), and bought
it back from the British (1774), iv.
424 ; his reign in Oudh and treaties
with the Company, x. 4S9, 490 ; _ his
behaviour at the battle of Panipat
(1761), xi. 45, 46; founded Shahganj,
xii. 342.
Shuja-ud-din Khan, Nawab of Bengal
(1705-39), ii. 278; conquered Tip-
perah (i733). xiii. 3I4-
Shutar Gardan, pass in Afghanistan, xii.
426.
Shwe An-daw, pagoda in Lower Burma,
xii. 426.
Shwe Dagon, pagoda in Lower Burma,
xii. 426-428.
Shwe - daung, town and township in
Lower Burma, xii. 428.
Shwe-gyin, District in Lower Burma, xii.
428-434 ; physical aspects, 429, 430 ;
population, 430-432 ; agriculture, 432,
500
IXDEX.
433 ; manufactures and communica-
tions, 433 ; administration, 433, 434 ;
climate, 434.
.Shwe-gyin, township in Lower Burma,
_, xii. 434, 435-
Shwe-gj-in, town in Lower Burma, xii.
435-
Shwe-gyin, river in Lower Burma, xii.
435-
Shwe-laung, township in Lower Burma,
xii- 435,. 436;
Shwe-le, river in Lower Burma, xii. 436.
Shwe-le, township in Lower Burma, xii.
436-
Shwe-maw-daw, pagoda in Lower Burma,
xii. 436, 437.
Shwe-myin-din, pagoda in Lower Burma,
xii. 437.
Shwe-nat-taung, pagoda in Lower Burma,
xii. 437.
Shwe-nyaung-bin, river in Lower Burma,
xii. 437.
Shwe-san-daw, pagoda in Rangoon Dis-
trict, Lower Burma, xii. 437, 438.
Shwe-san-daw, pagoda in Prome Dis-
trict, Lower Burma, xii. 438, 439.
Shwe-thek-lut, pagoda in Lower Burma,
xii. 439.
Shwe-tsu-taung-byi, pagoda in Lower
Burma. See Shwe-myin-din.
Shwe - tsway - daw, pagoda in Lower
Burma. See Shwe An-daw.
Sial Rajputs, ruled in Jehlam, vii. 170;
in Jhang, vii. 207-209.
Sialdah, village in Bengal, xii. 439.
Sialkot, District in Punjab, xii. 439-450 ;
physical aspects, 439 - 441 ; history,
441-443 ; population, 443-445 ; houses,
dress, and manner of life, 445, 446 ;
agriculture, 446, 447 ; commerce and
trade, 447, 448 ; means of communi-
cation, 448 ; administration, 448, 449 ;
medical aspects, 449, 450.
Sialkot, tahsil in Punjab, xii. 450.
Sialkot, town and cantonment in Punjab,
xii. 450-452. _
Sialtek, village in Assam, xii. 452, 453.
Siam, trans - frontier trade with, article
' India,' vi. 589, 590.
Siana, town in N.-W. Provinces. See
Siyana.
Siarkhawas, gipsy-like people in Balram-
pur, ii. 25.
Siarsol, coal-mine in Bengal, xii. 453.
Sibi, District in Southern Afghanistan,
ceded to the British (1881), xii. 453-
45S ; physical aspects, 453*455 ; agri-
culture, 455 ; population, 455, 456 ;
trade, etc., 456, 457; history, 457,
.45S-.
Sibi, village in Mysore. See Shibi.
Sibpur, suburb of Howrah town, Bengal,
xii. 458, 459.
Sibsagar, District in Assam, xii. 459-
472 ; physical aspects, 459, 460 ; his-
tory, 461, 462 ; population, 463-465 ;
material condition of the people, 465,
466 ; agriculture, 466, 467 ; spare
land, 467 ; landless labouring classes,
467, 468 ; natural calamities, 468 ;
manufactures, 468, 469 ; commerce
and trade, 469 ; tea cultivation and
manufacture, 469; means of communi-
cation, 469; administration, 469-471 ;
medical aspects, 471.
Sibsagar, town and Sub - division in
Assam, xii. 472.
Siddhapur, Sub-di\asion in Bombay, xii.
.472,473-
Siddhapur, village in Bombay, xii. 473.
Siddhaur, town and pargand in Oudh,
xii. 473.
Siddheshwara, peak in Coorg, xii. 473.
Siddheswar, village in Assam, xii. 474.
Sidhaut, town and tdhtk in Madras, xii.
-,.474-
Sidhis, descendants of African slaves in
Haidarabad (Sind), v. 277; Janjira,
vii. 139 ; North Kanara, vii. 371.
Sidhpur, town in Baroda, xii. 474.
Sidlaghata, tdliik in Mysore, xii. 474,
.475- ,
Sidlaghata, town in ^Mysore, xii. 475.
Sidli, one of the Eastern Dwars, Assam,
xii. 475.
Sieges and assaults, in which Asiatics
only were engaged, Ajaigarh (1800), i.
112; Ajmere (1791), i. 131; Biana
(1004), ii. 418 ; Borsad (1748), iii. 90;
Champaner (i482-94,_ 1535), iii. lyy,
Deogiri, now Daulatabad (1294), iv.
259; Gingi (1690-98), V. 83, 84;
Golconda (1687), ^'- ^44 ? Gooty
(1776), V. 160; Gurdaspiyr (17 12), v.
214; Hoshangabad (1795, 1802, 1809),
V. 443, 444 ; Janjira (1682), vii. 141 ;
Kalinjar (1202, 1530, 1534, 1570), vii.
332; Kamlagarh (1840), vii. 353;
Kandahar (1737), vii. 392; Mankera
(1821), ix. 337 ; Multan (1S18), x. 4 ;
Parenda (1630, 1633), xi. 62; Pawa-
garh(i484), xi. 122; Purandhar(i665),
xi. 298; Rahatgarh (1807), xi. 345;
Ramnagar (1795), ''i- 45^5 Sambalpur
(1797), xii. 179, 180; Sampgaon
(1683), xii. 191 ; Satara (1599-1606),
xii. 274 ; Seopur (1816), xii. 316 ;
Singaurgarh, xii. 529 ; Sinhgarh (1665,
1670, 1702), xii. 544; Sohagpur (1803),
xiii. 47; Somnath (1024-26), xiii.
51 ; Surat (1573), xiii. 120; Udaipur
(1769), xiii. 409 ; Vellore (1676), xiii.
467 ; Warangal (1309), xiii. 521.
Sieges and assaults, in which Europeans
were engaged, Ahmadabad (1780), i.
95 ; Ahmadnagar (1803), i. 109; Ajai-
INDEX.
301
garh (1S09), i. 112; Aligarh (1S03),
i. 170, 171, 178; Ambur (1/68), i. 230 ;
Arcot (1751, 1760), i. 309, 310; Arni
(1751, 1782), i. 332; Arrah {1857),
i- 333. 334; Asirgarh (1803, 1819),!.
339; Bangalore (179 1 ), ii. 69; Bassein
(1739, 1780), ii. 191, 192; Belgaum
{181S), ii. 239; Bhartpur (1805, 1827),
ii. 374; Bobbili (1756), iii. 21; Broach
(1771, 1772), iii. 109; Ca\vnpur(iS57),
iii. 282, 283, 291, 292 ; Chanda
(1818), iii. 350; Chengalpat (1752),
iii. 389; Chilambaram (1753. I759i
1781), iii. 412, 413; Coimbatore (1791),
iv. 16; Cuddalore (1758, 17S3), iv.
46; Delhi (1804), iv. 193, (1857), iv.
I94> 195 ; Dig {1S04), iv. 286 ; Diu
(1538, 1545), iv. 307 ; Ga%\i!garh
(1803), V. 43 ; Ghazni (1S41, 1S42), v.
72; Gingi (1761), V. %T,; Gurramkonda
(1791, 1792), V. 224, 225 ; Hathras
(1817), V. 355; Hinglajgarh (1S04), v.
422 ; Honawar (17S3, 1784), v. 440 ;
Hiigli (1629), V. 491 ; Jaitak (1814,
1815), vii. 71 ; Jalalabad (1841, 1842),
vii. 76; Jamalabad (1799), vii. 118;
Kalinjar (1812), vii. 333 ; Kalpi
(1803), vii. 342; Kalyan (1780-82),
vii. 346 ; Kainona (1807), vii. 353 ;
Kandahar (1842), vii. 393, 394, (1880),
vii. 396; Karur (1760, 1783, 1790),
viii. 52; Kaveripuram (1769), viii. 106;
Kondapilli (176S), viii. 287; Kondavir
(1757)) "^''ii- 288; Lahar (1780), viii.
400; Lucknow (1857, 1858), viii. 513-
515; jNIalaun (1815), ix. 237;-MaIe-
gaon(i8i8), ix. 254; Mandla (1818),
ix. 303; Mandraic (1857), ix, 309;
Mangalore (1783, 1784), ix. 313;
Masulipatam (1759), ix. 354; Monier-
khal (187 1), ix. 491 ; JNIultan (1848,
1849), X. 5 ; Nalapani (1814), x. 181 ;
Nandidrug (1791), x. 192; Nellore
(1757), X. 272; Pawangarh (1844), xi.
122; Pegu (1852), xi. 128; Peruma-
kal (1759), xi. 140, 141 ; Purandhar
(1818), xi. 298; Ragauli (1809), xi.
344; Rahatgarh (1858), xi. 346; Rai-
garh (1818), xi. 364; Sasni (1803),
xii. 273; Savandrug (1791), xii. 294;
Seringapatam (1792, 1799), xii. 319,
320; Settipadai (1753), xii. 321;
Sholapur (1818), xii. 421 ; Sikhar
(1781), xii. 483 ; Sinhgarh (1818), xii.
544; Tellicherri (1780-82), xiii. 237;
Thana (1774I, xiii. 258; Tiagar (1790),
xiii. 293 ; Tiriivannamalai, xiii. 329 ;
Trichinopoli (1749-54), xiii. 356, 357;
Vellore (1780-82), xiii. 468; Vizaga-
patam (1710), xiii. 498; Wandiwash
(1752, 1757, 1759, 1760, 1780-83),
xiii. 517, 518. _
Sigur Ghat, pass in Madras. See Seghur.
Sihonda, ancient town in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, xii. 475, 476.
Sihor, town in Kathiawar, xii. 476.
Sihor, town in Bhopal State. Sie Sehore.
Sihora, petty State in Rewa Kantha,
xii. 476.
Sihora, talisil in Central Provinces, xii.
476.
Sihora, town in Jabalpur District, Central
Provinces, xii. 477.
Sihora, town in Bhandara District,
Central Provinces, xii. 477.
Sijakpur, petty State in Kathiawar. See
Sejakpur.
Sijauli, village in X.-W. Provinces, xii.
,.477-
Sijawal, taluk in Sind, xii. 477.
Siju, village and coal-mines in Assam,
xii. 477. ^
Sikandarabad, /rt/w/Zin N.-W. Provinces,
xii. 477, 478.
Sikandarabad, town in X.-W. Provinces,
xii. 478.
Sikandarabad, town and cantonment in
Haidarabad State. 6't'<?Secunderabad.
Sikandar Lodi, Emperor, took Biana
(1491), ii. 418 ; conquered Sambhal
(1498), ix. 506; destroyed temples of
IMuttra, X. 54; took Xarwar (1506),
X. 227 ; founded Shikarpur (X\-W.
P.), xii. 396 ; founded Sikandarabad
(1498), xii. 478; and Sikandra (1495),
xii. 481.
Sikandarpur, pargar.d in Oudh, xii. 478-
480.
Sikandarpur, town in X.-W. Provinces,
xii. 480.
Sikandra, village in Agra District, X. -W.
Provinces, xii. 4S0, 481 ; tomb of
Akbar at, article 'India,' vi. 295.
Sikandra, village in Allahabad District,
X.-W. Provinces, xii. 481, 4S2.
Sikandra Rao, town and tahsilm X.-W.
Provinces, xii. 482.
Sikar, town in Rajputana, xii. 4S2.
Sikhar, town and fort in X. - W. Provinces,
xii. 482, 483.
Sikhs, history of the. Xanak, the founder
of the religious sect, article ' India,' vi.
223; 410; Ranjit Singh, the founder of
the kingdom, 410, 411 ; first Sikh war
(1845); battles of Mudki, Firozshah,
Aliwal, and Sobraon, 411 ; second
Sikh war (184S-49); battles of Chilian-
wala and Gujrat, 412,413; annexation
of the Punjab and its pacification, 413;
loyalty of the Sikhs during the Mutiny
of 1857, 419, 420. Local notices —
Their defeat at Aliwal, i. 182 ; their
gilnis and history in Amritsar, i. 256,
257; their attempts to conquer Bannu,
ii. 91 ; the battle of Chilian wala, iii.
414, 415 ; incursions into Dehra Dun,
302
INDEX.
iv. 171; conquered Dera Ismail Khan,
iv. 221 ; conquered Firozpur, iv. 440;
the first Sikh war fought in that
District, iv. 441 ; defeated at Firoz-
shah, iv. 449 ; conquered Gujranwala,
V. 181, 182; and Gujrat, in which
second Sikh war was fought, v. 190 ;
conquered Hazara with difficulty, v.
361, 362 ; and Hoshiarpur, v. 453 ;
their conquest and oppressive rule in
the Jalandhar Doab, vii. 85, 86 ; con-
quered Jehlam, vii. 169 ; defeated
the Gurkhas in Kangra, and con-
quered that District, vii. 416, 417 ;
conquest of Karnal and misgovernment
there, viii. 20, 21 ; conquered Kashmir
{1819), viii. 61 ; stormed Kasur (1763,
1770), and at last conquered it (1809),
viii. 84 ; in Kulu, viii. 339 ; ruled in
Lahore, viii. 406; conquered Ludhiana,
viii. 520 ; their attack on Maler Kotla,
which ended in the treaty of 1809, ix.
255 ; their defeat at Mudki, ix. 528 ;
their invasions, conquest, and rule in
Miiltan, x. 4, 5 ; conquest of Muzaffar-
nagar, x. 69 ; their history in Patiala,
xi. 88-90 ; invasion and final conquest
of Peshawar, xi. 149 ; their rise and
history in the Punjab, xi. 262-266; the
Sikh wars and treaties of Lahore, xi.
265-267; action at Ramnagar, xi. 452 ;
their history in Rawal Pindi, xii. 24,
25, where they laid down their arms
(1849). xii. 36, 37 ; action at Sadulla-
pur, xii. 97; their invasions of Saharan-
pur, xii. 116, 117; defeated by the
British at Charaon (1804), xii. I17 ; in
Shahpur, xii. 362, 363 ; invasions of
Sialkot, xii. 442 ; partial conquest of
Sirsa, xiii. 1 1 ; defeat at Sobraon, xiii.
45; invasion of Spiti (1841), xiii. 70.
See also Ranjit Singh.
Sikhs, an important section of the popula-
tion in Ambala, i. 216, 217; Amritsar,
i. 257; Bundala, iii. 150; Gujranwala,
V. 183 ; Gujrat, v. 192 ; Gurdaspur, v.
209 ; Haidarabad (Sind), v. 278 ; Jeh-
lam, vii. 170; Karachi, vii. 447;
Lahore, viii. 507; the Punjab, xi. 273,
274 ; Rawal Pindi, xii. 26 ; Shahpur.
xii. 364 ; Sialkot, xii. 444 ; Sind, xii.
.5'7> 519; Sirsa, xiii. 13.
Sikh temples. See Temples, Sikh.
Sikkim, Native State in the Eastern
Himalayas, xii. 483 - 488 ; physical
aspects, 483, 484 ; history, 484, 485 ;
population, 485, 486 ; agriculture, land
tenures, and revenue system, xii. 486,
487 ; commerce and trade, 487, 488 ;
climate and medical aspects, 488.
Sikrol, suburb of Benares city, xii. 448.
Siladatiya, Buddhist king of Northern
India (634 A.D.), vi. 156.
Silai, river in Bengal, xii. 488.
Silana, petty State in Kathiawar, xii. 448.
Silanath, village in Bengal, xii. 488, 489.
Silanchis, Pathan tribe in Sibi, xii. 456.
Silang, mountain range and station in
Assam. See Shillong.
Silchar, town and cantonment in Assam,
xii. 489.
Silheti, petty chiefship in the Central
Provinces, xii. 489.
Silk and sericulture, article ' India,' vi.
511-515; the Company's factories, 511,
512; area and out-turn, 512, 513;
silk-weaving in Bengal, Burma, and
Assam, 602, 603 ; jungle silks {tasar),
513, 514 ; steam silk factories, 603.
Silk manufacture, spinning, weaving, etc. :
in Adoni, i. 26 ; Afghanistan, i. 39 ;
Ahmadabad, i. 96 ; Ahmadnagar, i.
109 ; Alahyar-jo-Tando, i. 161 ; Am-
raoti, i, 251 ; Amritsar, i. 265; Anand-
pur (Bengal), i. 273 ; South Arcot, i.
326 ; A.ssam, i. 367 ; Attikuppa, i.
381 ; Bagalkot, i. 413; Bahawalpur,
i. 422; Bangalore, ii. 64, 70; Bankura,
ii. 85 ; Bard wan, ii. 132 ; Batala, ii.
216; Behar, ii. 228; Benares, ii. 266;
Bengal, ii. 309 ; Berhampur (Madras),
ii. 324 ; Birbhum, iii. 6, 7, 9 ; Bish-
nupur, iii. 17; Bogra, iii. 30; Bulsar,
iii. 349 ; Burhanpur, iii. 165 ; Lower
Burma, iii. 198 ; Upper Burma, iii.
217 ; Chanda, iii. 354, 355 ; Chanray-
patna, iii. 369 ; Chilambaram, iii. 412 ;
Chitaldriig, iii. 426 ; Cutch, iv. 62 ;
Darrang, iv. 147, 148 ; Dera Ghazi
Khan, iv. 218; Deulgaon Raja, iv,
230 ; Dharwar, iv. 264 ; Dindigal, iv.
301 ; Eastern Dwars, iv. 334; Ganutia,
v. 10; Goalpara, v. I17; Gudur, v.
178 ; Guledgarh, v. 197; Plaidarabad
(Sind), V. 228 ; Hanthawadi, v. 316 ;
Hassan, v. 349; Hugh, v. 496 ; Jekal,
V. 509; Jehlam, vii. 175; Kaladgi, vii,
319; Kampti, vii. 354; Kandahar, vii.
391 ; Kashmir, viii, 74! Kathiawar,
viii. 96; Kengeri, viii. 114, 115;
Khairpur, viii. 135 ; Khushab, viii.
213, xii. 366; Khyrim, viii. 215;
Kila Sobha Singh, viii. 217; Jaggaya-
pet in Kistna, viii. 232 ; Kolar, viii.
277; Koratagiri, viii. 296; Kuch Behar,
viii. 324; Kyauk-pyu, viii. 387; Lahore,
viii. 418 ; Lakhimpur, viii. 434 ;
^laheswar, ix, 173 ; Maimansingh, ix.
198 ; Maldah, ix. 245, 246 ; Man-
bhum, ix. 284 ; Mandalay, ix. 290 ;
Margram, ix. 345 ; Mau Natbhanjan,
ix, 373 ; Maureswar, ix. 374; Memari,
ix. 405 ; Midnapur, ix. 430-434 ; Miil-
tan, X. 13 ; Murshidabad, x. 28, 29 ;
Nawanagar, x. 235; Nowgong, x, 412;
Paithan, x. 530 ; Pakpattan, x. 533 ;
INDEX,
303
I
Anhilwara Patan, xi. 82 ; Pauni, xi.
120 ; Phaltan, xi. 164; Poona, xi.
209-213 ; Porbandar, xi. 215 ; Prome,
xi. 233 ; Piidukottai, xi. 237, 238 ;
Punjab, xi. 278 ; Rajshahi, xi. 435 ;
Rangoon, xi. 479 ; Rangpur, xi. 498 ;
Ranibennur, xi. 503 ; Rasipur, xi. 513;
Sandoway, xii. 203 ; Sangarhi, xii.
217; Santal Parganas, xii. 234 ; Sava-
nur, xii. 293 ; Sholapur, xii. 418 ;
Shwe-gyin, xii. 433 ; Sialkot, xii. 448 ;
Sibsagar, xii. 468 ; Sinnar, xii. 545 ;
Sohagpur, xiii. 47; Tanjore, xiii. 191,
196; Tatta, xiii. 218; Taung-ngu,
xiii. 225 ; Thana, xiii. 257 ; Tumkur,
xiii. 379; Walajapet, xiii. 515; Yeola,
xiii. 555.
Silkworms, Rearing of : in Assam, i. 367;
Birbhum, iii. 79 ; Darrang, iv. 147,
148 ; Gurdaspur, v. 212 ; Howrah, v.
462 ; Lakhimpur, viii. 432-435 ; Now-
gong, x. 412 ; Sibsagar, xii. 466, 467.
See also Mulberries.
Silk, Tasar. See 7'asar %i\\i.
Sillana, Native State in Central India.
See Sailana.
Siller, river in Madras, xii. 489.
Silondi, town in Central Provinces, xii.
Silpata, village and fair in Assam, xii. 490.
Silt islands in the Brahmaputra, article
'India,' vi. 14, 15; in the estuaries
and along the sea-face of Bengal, vi.
.24, 25.
Silva, Bernardo Peres de, native of Goa,
made Governor-General of Por-tuguese
India (1835), t)ut overthrown on pro-
posing reforms, v. 106.
Silveira, Antonio de, defended Diu against
Muhammad in. of Gujarat (1538), iv.
.307-
Silver, found in Afghanistan, i. 36 ;
Akrani, i. 148; Balaghat, i. 412;
Baluchistan, ii. 36 ; Upper Burma, iii.
211; grey carbonate of, found in
Dharvvar, iv. 258 ; Garhwal, v, 22 ;
Jaora, vii. 142 : Kangra, vii. 413 ;
Lalmai Hills, viii. 458 ; Madras, ix.
6 ; Naga Hills, x. 144 ; Nallamalai
Hills, x. 185 ; Nandikanama, x, 193 ;
Santal Parganas, xii. 217.
Silver work, in Lower Burma, iii. 198 ;
Cutch, iv. 62 ; Dabha, iv. 76 ; Dacca,
iv. 86 ; Gopamau (arsis), v. 163 ;
Khairpur, viii. 135 ; Khasi Hills, viii.
178 ; Makhi, ix. 215 ; Nasik, x. 223 ;
Panipat, xi. 47 ; Poona, xi. 209 ;
Vizagapatam, xiii. 494, 498. See also
Gold and Silver.
Sim, Major, his experiments in deepening
the Pambam Passage (1828), xi. 22.
Simga, town and tahsil in Central Pro-
vinces, xii. 490.
Simhachalam, temple in Madras. See
Sinhachalam.
Simla, District in Punjab, xii. 490-495 ;
physical aspects, 490 - 492 ; history,
492; population, 492, 493; agriculture,
493, 494 ; commerce, communications,
etc., 494 ; administration, 494 ; educa-
tional establishments, 494, 495; medi-
cal aspects, 495.
Simla, tahsil in Punjab, xii. 495.
Simla, hill station, sanitarium, and sum-
mer capital of British India, xii. 496-
498.
Simla Hill States, collection of twenty-
three Native States, surrounding the
sanitarium of Simla, xii. 498-501; table
of area and population, xii. 499.
Simraon, ruined town in ' Bengal, xii.
501, 502.
Simrauta, par^and in Oudh, xii. 502.
Sinawan, tahsil \n Punjab. .5"^' Sana wan.
Sinchal Pahar, mountain spur in Bengal,
xii. 502.
Sinchula, hill range in Bengal, xii. 502.
Sinclair, Major, stormed hill fort of
Hinglajgarh (1804), v. 422.
Sind, Province or Commissionership of
British India under Governor of Bom-
bay, xii. 502-525 ; table of area and
population, 503 ; physical aspects, 504-
50S ; trees, 506, 507 ; fauna, 507 ;
history, 508-516 ; population, 516-519 ;
cities and towns, 519, 520; agriculture,
520, 521 ; commerce and communica-
tions, 521-523; statistics of wheat
trade, 522 ; administration, 523, 524 ;
education, 524 ; medical aspects, 524,
.525- ,
Sindewahi, town in Central Provinces,
.xii. 525.
Sindgi, Sub-division in Bombay, xii. 525,
.526.
Sindgi, village in Bombay, xii. 526.
Sindhia, the family name of the ruler of
the Maratha State of Gwalior in
Central India ; rise of the family to
power, article ' India,' vi. 322 ; wars
with the English, 323.
Sindhia, Daulat Rao, Maharaja of
Gwalior (1794-1827), obtained Ahmad-
nagar (1797), i. 108 ; ceded Ajmere to
the East India Company (1818), i.
122 ; defeated at Assaye( 1803), i. 374 ;
repaired temple of Deoprayag, iv. 205 ;
had to give up Gohad, Gwalior, and
Dholpur (1804), but got back two first
from Lord Cornwallis (1805), iv. 277 ;
sacked Fatehkhelda before Ass^aye,
iv. 422 ; helped chief of Garhakota
against the Raja of Nagpur, v. 13 ;
his history, v. 230-232 ; defeated by
Jaswant Rao Holkar (1802), vii. 6;
conquered Chanderi (1811-14), viii.
304
INDEX.
448 ; war declared against him when
.encamped at Malkapur (1803), ix. 259;
took Rahatgarh (1807), xi. 345 ; over-
ran Sunth (1S19), but persuaded to
withdraw, xiii. 115; removed his
capital from Ujjain to Gwalior (1810),
xiii. 417.
Sindhia, Jaiaji Rao, Maharaja of Gwalior
(1 843- 1 886), placed in power by the
British after the battle of Maharajpur ;
his conduct in the Mutiny, v. 233 ; his
banner, v. 234.
Sindhia, Jhankuji, Maharaja of Gwalior
(1827-43), the disturbances between
him and Baiza Bai, v. 232, 233.
Sindia, Mahadaji, took Agra (1784),
and besieged there (1787) till relieved
by De Boigne, i. 70 ; took Koil
(1784), and organized his troops there,
i. 170 ; obtained Broach by treaty
of Salbai, iii. 109 ; took Delhi, and
the person of the Emperor (1788),
iv. 193 ; took Dholpur (1782), iv. 276 ;
took Gwalior (1777 and 1782), iv. 277 ;
his history, v. 230 ; conquered Jodhpur
and annexed Ajmere, vii. 241 ; de-
feated Raja of Jodhpur at Merta
(1754), ix. 415 ; defeated with the rest
of the Marathas at Panipat (1761), xi.
45-47 ; took Pawagarh (1771), xi. 122 ;
his intervention in Mewar and lands
ceded to him, xiii. 405-407 ; granted
away Jawal (17SS), xiii. 549.
Sindhia, Ranoji, founder of the Sindhia
dynasty, his history, v. 230 ; took
Sindkher about 1743, xii. 527.
Sindhiapura, petty State in Rewa Kantha,
xii. 526.
Sindhora, village in N.-W, Provinces, xii.
526-
Sindi, town in N.-W. Provinces, xii.
526.
Sindis, or inhabitants of Sind, their cha-
racter, Haidarabad (Sind), v. 276 ;
Sind, xii. 517, 518.
Sindkher, town in Berar, xii. 526, 527.
Sindkhera, town in Bombay, xii. 527.
Sindiir, or red lead, at Sonwani, xiii. 64.
Sindurjana, town in Berar. See Sendur-
jana.
Sindwa, village and fort in Central
India, xii. 527, 528.
Singa, pass in Punjab, xii. 528.
Singalila, hill range in Bengal, xii. 528.
Singampunari, village in Madras, xii.
528.
Singanallur, village in IMadras, xii. 528.
Singanmat, peak in Bengal, xii. 528.
Singapur, town in Madras, xii. 528.
Singarapet, pass in Madras. See Chen-
gama.
Singaurgarh, hill fort in Central Pro-
vinces, xii. 528, 529.
Singh, Sir Digbijai, Raja of Balrampur,
saved Delafosse, and the survivors
of Cawnpur massacre (1857), i. 451 ;
sheltered Mr. Wingfield, Commissioner
of Gonda, in his fort, and was largely
rewarded, x. 149, 150.
Singha and Sena dynasties of Surashtra
(70 B.C.-235 A.D.), article ' India,' vi.
182.
Singhaji, local saint, to whom temples
are erected in Hoshangabad and
Nimar, and founder of the sect of the
Singhapanthis, iii. 316.
Singhana, town in Rajputana, xii. 529.
Singhapanthis, sect in the Central Pro-
vinces, iii. 316.
Singhbhum, District in Bengal, xii.
529-541 ; physical aspects, 529-531 ;
minerals, 531 ; forests, jungle products,
etc., 531, 532; history, 532-534;
population, 534-536 ; the HosorLarka
Kols, 535 ; material condition of the
people, 536, 537 ; agriculture, 537,
538 ; land tenures, 538 ; natural cala-
mities, 539 ; commerce and trade,
539 ; administration, 539, 540 ; medical
aspects, 540, 541.
Singheswarthan, village with elephant
fair in Bengal, xii. 541.
Singhpur, town in Central Provinces, xii.
.541-
Singhpur, petty State in Bombay, xii. 541.
Singimari, village in Assam, xii. 541.
Singimari, river in Bengal, xii. 541.
Singla, river in Assam, xii. 542.
Singpho Hills, tract of country on Assam
frontier, xii. 542.
Singphos, aboriginal tribe in Upper
Burma, iii. 212 ; Lakhimpur, viii. 431 ;
Singpho Hills, xii. 542.
Singrauli, tract of land in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, xiii 542.
Singraur, village in N.-W\ Provinces, xii.
542, 543-
Sinhachalam, temple in Madras, xii. 543.
Sinhgarh, hill fort in Bombay, xii. 543,
544- ., ,
Sinjhauli Shahzadpur, town in Oudh, xii.
.544-
Sinnar, Sub-division in Bombay, xii.
.544-
Sinnar, town in Bombay, xii. 544; 545-
Siobara, petty Bhil State in Bombay.
See Dang States.
Siohara, town in N.-W. Provinces, xii.
.545- . .
Sipra, river in Central India, xii. 545.
Sira, taluk in Mysore, xii. 545.
Sira, town in Mysore, xii. 545, 546.
Siraguppa, town in Madras, xii. 546.
Sirajganj, Sub-division in Bengal, xii.
546-
Sirajganj, town in Bengal, xii. 546-550;
INDEX.
305
its river trade, 547-549 ; Jute Company,
549, 550-
Siraj-ud-daula, Navvab of Bengal (1756-
57), article ' India,' vi. 380-382 ;
capture of Calcutta by, the Black Hole,
380, 381 ; recapture of Calcutta and
the battle of Plassey, 381, 382. Local
notices — His victory at Baldiabari, ii.
II ; in Rohilkhand, ii. 139, 140; took
Fort-William (1756), and perpetrated
atrocity of the Black Hole at Calcutta,
iii. 241 ; took Kasimbazar (1757), viii.
84 ; his trick on AH Vardi Khan, x.
36 ; built the Motljhil palace at Mur-
shidabad, x. 36 ; his tomb there, x.
36; defeated at Plassey (1757), xi.
194 ; defeated Shankat Jang, governor
• of Purniah, at Nawabganj, xi. 324.
Siran, river in Punjab, xii. 551.
Sirasgaon, town in Berar, xii. 551.
Sirathu, tahsil in N.-W. Provinces, xii.
.551-
Sirathu, village in N.-W. Provinces, xii.
.551.552.
Sirdhana, town in N.-W. Provinces.
See Sardhana.
Sirguja, Native State in Bengal. Sec
Sarguja.
Sirhind, tract of country in Punjab, xii.
.552-
Sirhind Canal, in Punjab, xij. 55^ 5
article ' India,' vi. 532. Local notices
— Ambala, i. 215; Firozpur, iv. 444;
Ludhiana, viii. 519.
Sirmur, one of the sub- Himalayan or
Hill States in Punjab, xii. 552-556 ;
physical aspects, 553 ; minerals, 553 ;
554 ; history, 554 ; population, 554,
555 ; products, dress, and religion, 555 ;
medical aspects, 555, 556.
Sirohi, Native State in Rajputana, xiii.
1-7 ; physical aspects, 1-3 ; geology,
2 ; forests, 2, 3 ; history, 3, 4 ; popula-
tion, 4, 5 ; agriculture, 5 ; land tenures,
5, 6 ; natural calamities, 6 ; education,
communications, etc., 6; medical
aspects, 6, 7.
Sirohi, capital of Sirohi State, xiii. 7.
Sirol, suburb of Benares. See Sikrol.
Sironcha, town in Central Provinces,
xiii. 7-
'SiYcoxi], pargand and town in Tonk State,
Rajputana, xiii. 7, 8.
Sirpur, town in Berar, xiii. 8.
Sirsa, District in Punjab, xiii. 8-19 ;
physical aspects, 8-1 1 ; history, 11, 12;
population, 12-14; material condition
of the people, 14, 15 ; occupations,
15, 16; agriculture, 16, 17; natural
calamities, 17 ; commerce and trade,
17, 18 ; means of communication,
18; administration, 18, 19; medical
aspects, 19.
VOL. XIV.
Sirsa, tahsil in Punjab, xiii. 19, 20.
Sirsa, town in Punjab, xiii. 20, 21.
Sirsa, town in N.-W. Provinces, xiii. 21.
Sirsi, Sub-division in Bombay, xiii. 21.
Sirsi, town in Bombay, xiii. 21, 22.
Sirsi, town in N.-W. Provinces, xiii. 22.
Sirsi, guaranteed chiefship, feudatory, to
Gwalior, Central India, xiii. 22.
Sirsi, town in Central Provinces, xiii. 22.
Sirsundi, estate in Central Provinces,
xiii. 22.
Sirnguppa, town in Madras. See Sira-
.gupa.
Sin'ir, Sub-division in Bombay, xiii.
22, 23.
Sirur, town and cantonment in Bombay,
xiii. 23.
Sirutandanalli'ir, town in Madras, xiii.
.23. 24. ^
Sirvel, taluk and village in Madras,
xiii. 24.
Sirwis, cultivating class in Jodhpur, vii.
238.
Sisang Chandli, petty State in Kathi-
awar, xiii. 24.
Siskal-betta, peak in the W^estern Ghats,
xiii. 24.
Sisotar, town in N.-W. Provinces, xiii.
.24;
Sispara, pass in Madras, xiii. 24.
Sissaindi, town in Oudh, xiii. 24.
Sissana, town in Punjab, xiii. 24.
Sisii. See Shishani trees.
Siswali, town in Rajputana, xiii. 24.
Sitabaldi, suburb of Nagpur and battle-
field in Central Provinces, xiii. 24.
Sitakund, peak and sacred hill in Bengal,
xiii. 25.
Sitakund, place of pilgrimage in Bengal,
xiii. 25.
Sitakund, tank in Bengal, xiii. 25.
Sitalpur, village in Bengal, xiii. 25.
Sitamarhi, Sub-division in Bengal, xiii»
25, 26.
Sitamarhi, town in Bengal, xiii. 26.
Sitamau, Native State in Central India,
xiii. 26.
Sitamau, capital of Sitamau State, xiii.
26, 27.
Sitampetta, pass in Madras, xiii. 27.
Sitanagar, town in Central Provinces,
xiii. 27.
Sitanagaram, hills in Madras, xiii. 27.
Sitang, peak in Bengal, xiii. 27.
Sitapur, Division or Commissionership in
Oudh, xiii. 27-29.
Sitapur, District in Oudh, xiii. 29-37 ;
physical aspects, 29, 30 ; history, 30-
33 ; population, 33, 34 ; agriculture,
34-36 ; natural calamities, 36 ; roads
and means of communication, 36 ;
administration, 36, yj; medical aspects,
37.
U
3o6
INDEX.
Sftapur, taJtsilin Oudh, xiii. 37, 38.
Sitapur, pargand in Oudh, xiii. 38.
Sitapur, town and cantonment in Oudh,
xiii. 38, 39.
Sitapur, town in N.-W. Provinces,
xiii. 39.
Sitarampalli, town in Madras. See
Chatrapur.
Sitarampur, abandoned coal-mine in
Bengal, xiii. 39.
Sitaram Raz, ruled Vizianagram for his
brother (1759-84), xiii. 500.
Sitoung, river of Burma. See Sit-taung.
Sitpur, village in Punjab, xiii. 39.
Sittar, theistic school of Tamil hymn-
ologists, article ' India,' vi. 332, 333.
Sit-taung, township in Lower Burma,
xiii. 39,40.
Sit-taung, town in Lower Burma, xiii. 40.
Sit-taung, river in Burma, xiii. 40, 41.
Siva, the Destroyer and Reproducer, the
third person in the Hindu triad, article
' India,' vi. 98 ; his twofold aspects,
211, 212.
Sivaganga, town and estate in Madras,
xiii. 41.
Sivaganga, hill with temples in Mysore,
xiii. 41, 42.
Sivagiri, town in Madras, xiii. 42.
Sivaji the Great, the consolidator of the
Maratha power (1627-80), article
' India,' vi. 317-319 ; his hill forts and
guerilla warfare, 318, 319 ; coined
money and enthroned himself, 319.
Local noliees —Overran North Arcot
(1676), i. 313 ; in Bellary, ii. 242 ; took
several forts from the king of Bijapur,
ii. 424; his life and policy, iii. 37 ; a
Kunbi by caste, iii. 51 ; his mother
a daughter of Lakji Jadun Rao, iii.
144 ; plundered Cuddapah, iv. 48 ;
invaded the Karnatik through the
Damalcherri pass (1686), i-^. lOO ;
plundered Dharangaon (1674, 1679),
iv. 250 ; overran and partially con-
quered Dharwar, iv. 259 ; failed to
take Ghorbandar (1672), v 75; took
Gingi (1677), V. 83 ; made treaty with
Abu Husain, last king of Golconda
(1680), V. 256; plundered town and
English factory at Hubli (1673), v.
467 ; repeatedly failed to take Janjira,
vii. 140; repulsed from Junnar (167c),
vii. 264 ; gave leave to the English to
establish a factory at Kalyan (1674), vii.
347 ; seized Karnala hill fort (1670),
viii. 29 ; exacted ransom from English
factory at Karwar (1665), and spared
it (1674), viii. 54 ; repaired Kolaba
fort (1662), viii. 262 ; his rule in
Kolaba, viii. 263 ; took Kolhapur
(1659), viii. 281 ; took Nagothna, x.
161 ; built fort of Partabgarh (1656),
xi. 77 ; where he murdered Afzul
Khan (1659), xi. 77, 78 ; defeated
Shaista Khan at Poona (1663), xi.
212 ; had Poona restored to him by
Aurangzeb, xii. 212 ; surrendered
Purandhar (1665), but retook it (1670),
xi. 298 ; took Rairi (1648), which he
called Raigarh, where he was crowned
(1674) and died (16S0), xi. 363, 364;
plundered English factory at Rajapur
(1660, 1670), xi. 385 ; born at Shivner
(1627), xii. 410 ; took Kondhana,
which he called Sinhgarh (1647), xii.
543. 544 ; plundered Surat more than
once, xiii. 122 ; took Vengurla (1660),
and burnt it (1664), xiii. 470; his
buildings at Viziadrug, xiii. 499.
Sivakasi, town in Madras, xiii. 42.
Sivasamudram, island in the Kaveri river,
xiii. 42, 43- .
Siva-worship, article ' India,' vi. 210-
215 ; twofold aspects of Siva and his
wife — their philosophical and their
terrible forms, 211, 212 ; human sacri-
fice, 212, 213; the Charak-puja or
swinging festival, 213 ; the thirteen
Sivaite sects, 213, 214 ; gradations of
Siva-worship, 214; secret orgies in
Siva-worship, 215; Siva and Vishnu
compared, 215. Local notices — Amra-
vati, i. 252 ; South Arcot, i. 322 ;
Bangalore, ii. 62 ; Benares, ii. 263 ;
Bhuvaneswar, ii. 417, 418 ; Bombay,
iii. 51 ; Coorg, iv. 34 ; Cuddapah, iv.
50 ; Cuttack, iv. 69 ; jajpur, vii. 73 ;
Madras, ix. 21, 22 ; Mandhata, ix.
293-296 ; Orissa, x. 434 ; Puri, xi.
311 ; Tarakeswar, xiii. 211, 212.
Siwalik Hills, offshoot of the Himalayas,
xiii. 43, 44; geology of, vi. 632,
633.
Si wan, village in N.-W. Provinces, xiii.
44-
Siyali, town and taluk in Madras. See
Shiyali.
Siyana, ancient town in N.-W. Provinces,
xiii. 44, 45.
Skardo, town in Kashmir. See Iskardo.
Skefsrud, Rev. L. O., head of the Santal
Home Mission, established nine vSantal
Christian villages in Assam (1880-
83), xii. 230.
Skinner, Col. James, defeated Amir
Khan near Afzalgarh (1803), ii. 430 ;
his estate at Bilaspur, ii. 454 ; built
church at Delhi, iv. 188 ; had estate of
67 villages in Hissar, v. 431 ; defeated
Mahdu Rao of Malagarh, and took
his fort, ix. 235 ; occupied Sikandar-
abad after the battle of Aligarh, xii.
478.
Skinner, Thomas, defended his fort at
Bilaspur during the Mutiny, ii. 454.
INDEX.
307
Sladen, Col. E. B., head of expedition
to Bhamo and Momein (1867), iii. 227,
228.
Slate, article ' India,' vi. 628. Local
notices — Found in Alwar, i. 203 ; Ara-
valli Hills, i. 307 ; Bombay, iii. 44 ;
Chamba, iii. 329 ; Chitaldn'ig, iii.
423 ; Cuddapah, iv. 48 ; Darjiling, iv.
130 ; Dharwar, iv. 258 ; Kaladgi, vii.
315 ; Kangra, vii. 413; Khatak Hills,
viii. 181 ; Kulu, viii. 337 ; Kumaun,
viii. 349; Manipur, ix. 324 ; Monghyr,
ix. 480,487; Mysore, X. 92; Naga Hills,
X. 143 ; Nallamalai Hills, x. 185 ;
Nepal, x. 278 ; Nicobar Islands, x.
295 ; Patiala, xi. 87 ; Pur, xi. 296 ;
Raipur, xi. 367 ; Sandur, xii. 206, 207;
Shahabad, xii. 324 ; Singhbhum, xii.
531; Sirmur, xii. 553, 554; Sirohi,
xiii. 2; Tavoy, xiii. 228; Udaipur,
xiii. 401 ; Wun, xiii. 538.
Slave kings, The (1206-90), article
'India,' vi. 278-2S0 ; Kutab-ud-din,
278 ; Altamsh, the greatest of the
Slave kings, 279 ; the Empress Raziya,
279 ; jMughal inroads and Rajput
revolts, 279, 280 ; Balban, his cruelties
and royal pensioners, 280.
Slavery and serfdom, article ' India,' vi.
49- , . ,
Slavery and slave-dealing, in Afghanistan,
i. 40 ; Afghan-Turkistan, i. 55 ; Balu-
chistan, ii. 38 ; Chitral, iii. 432 ;
Cutch, iv. 62 ; in the Hindu Kush, v.
419 ; Kafiristan, vii. 291 ; among the
Karens, viii. 4.
Sleeman, Col. Sir W. H., quoted, on
Bhagwant Singh, an Oudh bandit,
i. 384, ii. 109 ; on the state of Hardoi
in 1849, V. 324 ; captured many thags
at Hingoli (1833), v. 422 ; quoted, on
the legend of Misrikh, ix. 466, 467 ;
his administration of Narsinghpur, x.
219; Resident at Lucknow, quoted, on
state of Oudh (1849, 1850), x. 491-494 ;
on the riots at Shahabad in 1S50, xii.
335. 336.
Slow progress of INIuhammadans m India,
Hindu resistance and internal revolts,
reconquest of India from the Musal-
mans, article 'India,' vi. 269, 270.
Smag, ancestor of Raos of Pol, expelled
the KoH chief of Edar, which his family
held for twelve generations, iv. 337.
Small-pox, especially prevalent in Ah-
madnagar, i. 107 ; Ambala, i. 224;
Anantapur, i. 279 ; North Arcot, i.
319; Assam, i. 373; Bakarganj, i.
449 ; Bangalore, ii. 65 ; Bankura, ii.
86; Bara Banki, ii. 1 14; Bassein, ii.
201 ; Bastar, ii. 207, 208 ; Bhagalpur,
ii. 351 ; Bhandara, ii. 367 ; Bijnaur,
ii. 435 ; Bilaspur, ii. 453 ; Bombay
Presidency, iii. 72 ; Bulandshahr, iii.
140 ; Lower Burma, iii. 208 ; Cachar,
iii. 239 ; Champaran, iii. 344 ; Chanda,
iii. 355 ; Chengalpat, iii. 308 ; Cochin,
iv. 10 ; Coorg, iv. 42 ; Cutch, iv. 64 ;
Cuttack, iv. 74 ; Dacca, iv. 89 ; Damoh,
iv. 113; Darrang, iv. 150; Delhi,
iv. 185; Dera Ismail Khan, iv. 226;
Dinajpur, iv. 297 ; Ellichpur, iv. 347 ;
Etah, iv. 366 ; Etawah, iv. 377 ;
Faizabad, iv. 3S7 ; Firozpur, iv. 446 ;
Gaya, v. 52 ; Goalpara, v. 120; Goda-
vari, V. 130; Gujranwala, v. 186;
Gujrat, V. 195 ; Gurgaon, v. 223 ;
Hardoi, v. 328 ; Hazara, v. 368 ;
Jaisalmer, vii. 66 ; Jalalabad, vii. 75 ;
Jalandhar, vii. 90; Jhang, vii. 212;
Jhanjhana, vii. 214; Jhansi, vii. 225;
Jodhpur, vii. 240 ; Kamn'ip, vii. 365 ;
North Kanara, vii. 374 ; South Kanara,
vii. 384 ; Karachi, vii. 460 ; Karnal,
viii. 27 ; Kashmir, viii. 76 ; Khasi
Flills, viii. iSo ; Kohat, viii. 249 ;
Kolhapur, viii. 285 ; Laccadive Islands,
viii. 396; Lucknow, viii. 501 ; Madras
Presidency, ix. 79, 80, city, ix. 1 19;
Maimansingh, ix. 201 ; Mainpuri, ix.
211; Malabar, ix. 235; Maldah, ix.
248 ; Manbhiim, ix. 286 ; Mandla, ix.
307 ; Meerut, ix. 391 ; Mergui, ix.
411; Midnapur, ix. 432,433; Miraj,
ix. 440 ; ^lontgomery, ix. 501 ; Mu-
zaffarnagar, x. 76 ; Nadiya, x. 140 ;
Nagpur, X. 172 ; Narsinghpur, x. 223 ;
Nellore, x. 271 ; Noakhali, x. 352 ;
N.-W. Provinces, x. 404 ; Nowgong,
X. 415 ; Orissa, x. 468 ; Oudh, x. 510 ;
Partabgarh, xi. 74 ; Patna, xi. 105 ;
Pilibhit, xi. 178; Punjab, xi. 292;
Rai Bareli, xi. 359 ; Raipur, xi. 376 ;
Rajputana, xi. 424. ; Rajshahi, xi. 438 ;
Rohtak, xii. 76 ; Saharanpur, xii. 123 ;
Sambalpur, xii. 186 ; Sangli, xii. 218 ;
Santal Parganas, xii. 236 ; Saran, xii.
258, 259 ; Shahabad, xii. 333 ; Sialkot,
xii. 449 ; Sibsagar, xii. 471 ; Sind, xii.
525 ; Singhbhum, xii. 540 ; Sirsa, xiii.
19; Sitapur, xiii. 37; Sultanpur, xiii.
103; Surat, xiii. 131 ; Sylhet, xiii.
156; Tanjore, xiii. 194; Thar and
Parkar, xiii. 271 ; Unao, xiii. 435 ;
Virpur, xiii. 479 ; Vizagapatam, xiii.
496 ; Wun, xiii. 546.
Smarta Brahmans of Southern India,
article ' India,' vi. 209, 210. See
also Brahmans.
Smith, Colonel Baird, Calcutta Journal
of Natural History, quoted, article
' India,' vi. 27.
Smith, Charles, acting Governor of
Madras (1780), ix. 67.
Smith, Gen. Sir Harry, defeated the
Sikhs at Aliwal (1S46), i. 182.
!08
INDEX.
Smith, Colonel Joseph, took Ramnad
(1772), xi. 451; Sivaganga (1772),
xiii. 41 ; and Tanjore(i773), xiii. 194 ;
defeated Haidar Ah' and the Nizam at
Tiruvannamalai (1767), xiii. 329 ; took
Vallam Vadakusetti (1761), xiii. 462.
Smith, Gen. Sir Lionel, extirpated the
pirates of Malwan (1812), ix. 273;
fought action with the Peshwa's horse
at Pandharpur (1817), xi. 37.
Smith, Mr., his scheme for improving
Fort St. George at Madras (1740), ix.
107.
Smith, Capt. Stephen, took Gingi (1761),
V. 84.
Smyth, R. Brough, quoted, on the gold-
mines of the Wainad, xiii. 51 1, 512.
Snake-bite and wild beasts. Mortality
from, in Akola, i. 146 ; Amraoti, i.
250; South Arcot, i. 328; Assam, i.
349; Bangalore, ii. 65; Bhandara, ii.
361 ; Bombay Presidency, iii. 73 ;
Buldana, iii. 148 ; Chitaldrug, iii. 428 ;
Coimbatore, iv. 15 ; Damoh, iv. 1 13;
Goalpara, v. 112; Hamirpur, v. 30 5;
Hassan, v. 351 ; Kadiir, vii. 278 ;
Kamrup, vii. 356 ; South Kanara, vii.
377 ; Karniil, viii. 35 ; Kolar, viii.
278 ; Lalitpur, viii. 447, 457 ; Madras
Presidency, ix. 80 ; Mandla, ix. 301 ;
Mysore District, x. 122 ; Nadiya, x.
130 ; Nellore, x. 262 ; N.-W, Pro-
vinces, x. 404 ; Nowgong. x. 407-
415 ; Oudh, x. 510 ; Shimoga, xii. 405,
406; Surat, xiii. 131 ; Wun, xiii. 546.
Snakes, Venomous, article ' India,' vi.
660. Local 7iotices ■ — • Common in
Banda, ii. 47 ; Bankura, ii. 79 ; Bard-
wan, ii. 127 ; Bhandara, ii. 361 ;
Bombay Presidency, iii. 46 ; Cochin,
iv. 2 ; Coimbatore, iv. 15 ; Darb-
hangah, iv. 123 ; Etawah, iv. 370 ;
Gwalior, v. 229 ; Hill Tipperah, v.
395 ; Indore, vii. 2 ; Jaunpur, vii.
151; Jerruck, vii. 180; Kadiir, vii.
283 ; Kaira, vii. 300 ; Karachi, vii.
445 ; Karauli, vii. 472 ; Karnul, viii.
36 ; Khairpur, viii. 134 ; Kheri, viii.
191 ; Kistna, viii. 226 ; Kumaun,
viii. 350 ; Madras Presidency, ix. 95,
96 ; Manipur, ix. 326 ; Montgomery,
ix. 495 ; Nadiya, x. 130 ; Nellore, x.
262 ; Oudh, x. 483 ; Punjab, xi. 259 ;
Ratnagiri, xii. 4 ; Saran, xii. 252 ;
Shahpur, xii. 361 ; Sind, xii. 507 ;
Singh bhum, xii. 532 ; the Sundarbans,
xiii. 109 ; Tando Muhammad Khan,
xiii. 177; Wardha, xiii. 524.
Snuff, manufactured at AHpur (Punjab),
i. 180; Hazro, v. 381 ; Jodhpur, vii.
239 ; Muzaffargarh, x. 63 ; Peshawar,
xi. 164 ; Rawal Pindi, xii. 38 ; Saoner,
xii. 248 ; Sihor, xii. 476.
Soane, river and canal in Bengal. See
Son.
Soap, manufactured at Ahmadabad, i.
87 ; Ankleswar, i. 293 ; Bhera, ii.
386 ; Edar, iv. 337 ; Kaira, vii. 306 ;
Kangra, vii. 426 ; Kapadwanj, vii.
439 ; Maghiana, ix. 140 ; Monghyr,
ix. 487; Moro, ix. 517; Nadaun, x.
128 ; Naushahro, x. 244 ; Parantij, xi.
56 ; Pindigheb, xi. 184 ; Rawal Pindi,
xii. 38 ; Wadhwan, xiii. 506.
Soapstone, found in Bassein, ii. 194 ;
Chittur, iii. 454 ; Henzada, v. 384 ;
Jambulghata, vii. 121 ; Lohardaga,
viii. 476; Singhbhum, xii. 531 ; Wun,
xiii. 539.
Soapstone articles, ornaments, etc., made
at Bankura, ii. 85 ; Hamirpur, v.
304 ; Jambulghata, vii. 121 ; Singh -
_ bhum, xii. 539.
Sobhapur, town in Central Provinces,
xiii. 45.
Sobnali, river in Bengal, xiii. 45.
Sobraon, village and battle-field in
Punjab, xiii. 45 ; battle of, article
' India,' v. 411.
Society for the Propagation of the Gospel
in Foreign Parts. See Protestant mis-
sions.
Soda Rajputs, in Thar and Parkar, xiii.
466.
Sodhis, sacred family, descended from
Ram Das, fourth Sikh^«';7/ in Hoshiar-
pur, V. 454.
Soentha Kalan, village in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, xiii. 45.
Sohag, Upper, canal in Punjab, xiii. 45,
Sohagpur, tahsil in Central Provinces,
xiii. 46.
Sohagpur, town in Central Provinces,
xiii. 47.
Sohan, river in Punjab, xiii. 47.
Sohawal, Native State in Central India,
xiii. 47, 48._
Sohawal, capital of Sohawal State, xiii.
48--
Sohildeo, Jain king of Gonda, extermin-
ated army of Sayyid Salar Masaiid, v.
147.
Sohi-ong, petty State in the Khasi Hills,
xiii. 48.
Soh-rah and Soh-rah-punji, petty State
and village in the Khasi Hills. See
Cherra and Cherra-Punji.
Sohna, town and sulphur spring in
Punjab, xiii. 48, 49.
Sohwal, village in N.-W. Provinces, xiii.
49.
Soil, Varieties of, in Ahmadabad, i. %'&,
89 ; Aligarh, i. 168 ; Allahabad, i.
184, 185 ; Assam, i. 347, 362 ; Azam-
garh, i. 397 ; Baluchistan, ii. 36 ;
INDEX.
309
Bangalore, ii. 60; Baroda, ii. 158;
Basti, ii. 209, 2IO; Belgaum, ii. 234;
Bellary, ii. 245 ; Bengal, ii. 273 ;
Bogra, iii. 25 ; Bombay, iii. 40, 41 ;
Broach, iii. 102; Budaun, iii. 120;
Chengalpat, iii. 385 ; Dharwar, iv.
258; Dinajpur, iv. 290; Haidarabad
State, V. 244 ; Jodhpur, vii. 238 ;
Kolaba, viii. 266 ; Madras, ix. 4, 5,
27 ; Maimansingh, ix. 191 ; Nasik, x.
231, 232 ; Poona, xi. 207 ; Rewa, xii.
46 ; Satara, xii. 276 ; Shahabad, xii.
330; Sholapur, xii. 414; Tanjore,
xiii. 181 ; Unao, xiii. 431.
Sojitra, town in Baroda, xiii. 49.
Solan, cantonment and hill sanitarium in
the Punjab, xiii. 49.
Solani, river in N.-W. Provinces, xiii. 49.
Solavandan, town in Madras. See
Sholavandan.
Soligars, aboriginal tribe in Mysore, x. 99.
Solomon's Ophir, identified with Sopara,
xiii. 65.
Solyraan the Magnificent, took Aden
(1588), i. 16.
Somalis, Africans, do all the manual
labour at Aden, i. 17.
.Soma-male, mountain in Coorg, xiii. 49.
Somwarpet, town in Coorg, xiii. 49.
Somaslipur, village in Bengal, xiii. 50.
Someswari, river in Assam. See Sames-
wari.
Somna, village in N.-W. Provinces, xiii.
Somnath, ancient town in Kathiawar,
xiii. 50, 51 ; sack of, by ]\Iahmud of
Ghazni (1024), article ' India,' vi.
293, 294 ; the Somnath proclamation
and recovery of the so-called gates by
Lord Ellenborough, vi. 409.
.Somnathpur, village in IMysore, xiii. 51.
Sompet, tdliik and estate in Madras,
xiii. 51.
Sompet, town in Madras, xiii. 51, 52.
Somsa Parwat, peak in Madras, xiii. 52.
Son (Soane or Sone), great river of
Central India, xiii. 52-54-
Son Canals, xiii. 54-57 ; Dehri head-
works, 54 ; the anicut, 54, 55 ;
Western Main, Arrah, and Baxar
Canals, 55 ; Eastern Main and Patna
Canals, 56 ; financial aspects, 56, 57 ;
article ' India,' vi. 534, 535.
Sonagaon, village in Central Provinces,
xiii. 57.
Sonah, town in Punjab. See Sohna.
Sonai, town in Bombay, xiii. 57.
Sonai, town in N.-W. Provinces, xiii. 57.
Sonai, navigable channel in Assam, xiii.
57-.
Sonai, hill stream in Assam, xiii. 57.
Sonair, town in Central Provinces. See
Saoner.
Sonakhan, estate in Central Provinces,
xiii. 57, 5S._
Sonala, town in Berar, xiii. 58.
Sonamganj, village and Sub-division in
Assam, xiii. 58.
Sonamukhi, village in Bengal, xiii. 58.
Sonapur, village in Assam, xiii. 58.
Sonapur, village in Madras, xiii. 58.
Sonargaon, ancient Muhammadan capital
of Bengal, xiii. 59.
Sonbarsa, village in N.-W. Provinces,
xiii. 59-
Sonbarsa, town in Bengal, xiii. 59.
Sonda, town in Bombay, xiii. 59, 60.
Sondhias, curious caste in Jhalawar, vii.
201, 202.
Sonepat, town and tahsil in Punjab. See
Sonpat.
Songarh, village and fort in Baroda, xiii.
60.
Songarh, petty State in Kathiawar, xiii.
60.
.Songir, town in Bombay, xiii. 60, 61.
Sonkh, town in N.-W. Provinces, xiii. 61.
Sonmiani, town and harbour in Baluchi-
stan, xiii. 61.
Sonpat, tahsil m Punjab, xiii. 61, 62.
Sonpat, town in Punjab, xiii. 62, 63.
Sonpur, village, fair, and racecourse in
Bengal, xiii. 63.
Sonpur, Native State in Central Provinces,
xiii. 63, 64.
Sonpur, estate in Central Provinces, xiii.
Sonpur Binka, town in .Sonpur Native
.State, xiii. 64.
Sonpur Manda, village in Sonpur Native
State, xiii. 64.
Sonsari, .State in the Central Provinces,
xiii. 64.
Sonwani, village in N.-W. Provinces,
xiii. 64.
.Sooree, town and Sub-division in Bengal.
See Siiri.
Sopara, ancient town in Bombay, xiii. 65.
Sopheites, contemporary with Alexander
the Great, had his capital at Bhera, ii.
Sorab, taluk in Mysore, xiii. 65.
Sorab, village in iNIysore, xiii. 65, 66.
Soraon, tahsil and village in N.-W.
Provinces, xiii. 66.
Sorashtra (Sorath), old name of Kathia-
war, xiii. 66.
Sorath, prant or division of Kathiawar,
xiii. 66, 67.
Soron, town and place of pilgrimage in
N.-W. Provinces, xiii. 67.
.Sounth, Native State in Rewa Kantha.
See Sunth.
Southey, Capt. , Superintendent of Negrais
factory, murdered by the Burmese
(1759), ii. 195.
3IO
INDEX.
South Kanara, District in Madras. See
Kanara, South.
South Mavatha Jagi'rs, The, group of
Native States in Bombay, xiii. 68.
South- Western Frontier Agency, name
formerly given to the Chutia Nagpur
Tributary States, Bengal, xiii. 68.
Souza, Sir Miguel de, his report on
Ahmadabad, quoted, i. 84.
Spectacles, made at Vallam Vadakusetti,
xiii. 462.
Spices, Cultivation of, article ' India,' vi.
490, 49 1 . Local notices — North Arcot ,
i. 16; Bengal, ii. 271 ; Bombay, iii.
53 ; Cavvnpur, iii. 285 ; Coimbatore,
iv. 18 ; Ganjam, v. 6 ; Godavari, v.
127 ; Karnul, viii. 38 ; Kistna, viii.
230 ; Lucknow, viii. 498 ; Madras, ix.
30 ; Madura, ix. 129 ; Malabar, ix.
229, 230 ; Salem, xii. 161 ; Tanjore,
xiii. 188 ; Tinnevelli, xiii. 306 ; Viza-
gapatam, xiii. 493. See also Betel-
leaf, Chillies, Ginger, Pepper, and
Turmeric.
Spiers, Col., in charge of Sirohi, got
leave for the Maharana of Udaipur to
go to the temples of Mount Abii, xiii.
.3,. 4-
' Spirit Fire,' a peculiar phenomenon in
Thayet-myo, xiii. 278.
Spirits manufactured from the malnui,
arrack, toddy, etc., distilled in South
Arcot, i. 326 ; Aurangabad, i. 386 ;
Badnur, i. 4.09, 410 ; Basti, ii. 212 ;
Dungarpur, iv. 323 ; Ettiapuram, iv.
380 ; Aska in Ganjam, v. 7, 8 ;
Haidarabad State, v. 247 ; Haidarabad
(Sind), V. 284; Howrah, v. 465;
Kadur, vii. 287 ; Karanja, vii. 466 ;
Kishenganj, viii. 224 ; Madras, ix. 58,
59; Mirpur Batoro, ix. 451 ; Mohnar,
ix. 476 ; Mora, ix. 503 ; Muhamdi,
ix. 530 ; Nepal, x. 284 ; Nosari, x.
405 ; Palmaner, xi. 15 ; Rosa, near
Shahjahanpur, xii. 353 ; Albion, Sib-
pur, xii. 458; Siralkoppa, xii. 551 ;
Tando Lukman, xiii. 177 ; Thana, xiii.
257 ; Uran, xiii. 450.
Spiti, Sub-division in the Punjab, xiii.
68-73 ; physical aspects, 68, 69 ; his-
tory, 69, 70 ; population, 70 - 73 ;
Buddhist monasteries and monks, 70-
72 ; agriculture and commerce, 73 ;
administration, 73.
Spiti, river in the Punjab, xiii. 73, 74.
Spotted deer, article ' India,' vi. 658.
Local notices — Mount Abu, i. 6 ; Basti,
ii. 209 ; Buldana, iii. 143 ; Dehra Dun,
iv. 169 ; Dharwar, iv. 259 ; Hardoi, v.
322 ; Karnul, viii. 35 ; Khandesh, viii.
150; Kheri, viii. 190; Kistna, viii.
226 ; Kotah, viii. 304 ; Lalitpur, viii.
447 ; Lohardaga, viii. 477 ; Madras
Presidency, ix. 90 ; Malabar, ix. 220 ;
Mirzapur, ix. 453 ; Monghyr, ix. 481 ;
Moradabad, ix. 505; Mysore, x. 115 ;
Nallamalai Hills, x. 1S5 ; Nasik, x.
228 ; Nellore, x. 262 ; Nimar, x. 328 ;
Palni Mountains, xi. 17 ; Raipur, xi.
368 ; Revva Kantha, xii. 49 ; Shah-
jahanpur, xii. 344 ; Shimoga, xii. 400 ;
Sirohi, xiii. 2 ; Surat, xiii. 120 ; the
Sundarbans, xiii. 389 ; Wardha, xiii.
524 ; Wiin, xiii. 539.
Springs, Hot and Mineral, at Unabdev
near Adavad, i. 13 ; in Amherst, i.
235 ; on the Attaran, i. 381 ; on the
Bakesvvar, i. 449 ; Banasa, ii. 45 ;
Unai in Bansda, ii. 99 ; Bhimbandh,
ii. 396 ; Bhum Bakeswar, ii. 409 ; iii.
2 ; in Bilii-gywon, ii. 460 ; Birbhum,
iii. 2 ; Chaitanpur, iii. 325 ; Anoni in
Chhindwara, iii. 398 ; in Chittagong,
iii. 435 ; Gurgaon, v. 216 ; Hazari-
bagh, v. 370 ; at source of the Indus,
vii. II ; Islamabad, vii. 26; Jamnotri,
vii. 132 ; Jawalamukhi, vii. 162 ;
Bhotwa in Jhinjhuwara, vii. 230 ;
Lasundra in Kaira, vii. 300 ; Kangra,
vii. 413 ; Pir Mangho in Karachi, vii.
445; in Karnul, viii. 34; Kashmir, viii.
67 ; at Sumir in the Khasi Hills, viii.
174; Khed, viii. 186; in Kolaba, viii.
261 ; Kiilu, viii. 338, 339; Lakhimpur,
viii. 428 ; the Lakhi Mountains, viii.
424, 425 ; Magar Talao, ix. 138,
139 ; Deori on the Little Mahanadi,
ix. 164 ; Malnipahar, ix. 263 ; in
Mergui, ix. 407 ; in the Naga Hills, x.
143, xii. 460 ; the Nallamalai Hills, x,
186 ; at Nanibar, x. 188 ; near Godhra
in the Panch Mahals, xi. 29 ; in the
Rajagriha Hills, xi. 93, 380 ; Ratnagiri,
xii. 5 ; Rishikund, xii. 57 ; Salbaldi,
xii. 150; Sandoway river, xii. 205;
Santal Parganas, xii. 227 ; Talapani
in Sarguja, xii. 267 ; in Sehwan, xii.
304 ; Sind, xii. 504 ; Sohna, xiii. 48,
49 ; Tavoy, xiii. 228 ; Thayet-myo,
xiii. 278 ; Trikota, xiii. 365.
Sravan Belgoia, temples in Mysore. See
Shravan-belgola.
Sravasti, ruins in Oudh. See Sahet Mahet.
Sridhar, Marathi poet of the i6th century,
and compiler of the Marathi paraphrase
of the Sanskrit Puranas, article 'India,'
vi. 346.
Srigonda, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, xiii. 74.
Srigovindpur, town in Punjab, xiii. 74, 75.
Sriharikot, jungle sea - coast tract in
Madras, xiii. 75.
Srikakulam, town in Madras. See
Chicacole.
Sri Kalastri, town in Madras. Sec
Kalahasti.
INDEX.
3"
Srikanta, mountain peak in Garhwal, xiii.
75-
Srikundapuram, village in Madras, xiii.
75-
Sri Madhopur, town in Rajputana, xiii. 75.
Srimanta Sadagar, famous Bengali poem
of the l6th century, by Makunda Ram,
article ' India,' vi. 351.
Srinagar, capital of Kashmir, xiii. 75"77'
Srinagar, town in Central Provinces, xiii.
77-
Srinagar, pargand in Oudh, xiii. 77.
Srinagar, tahsilra. N.-W. Provinces, xiii.
77-78.
Srinagar, village in Garhwal District,
N.-W. Provinces, xiii. 7S.
Srinagar, decayed town in Hamirpur
District, N.-W. Provinces, xiii. 78.
Srinagar, village in Ballia District, N.-W.
Provinces, xiii. 78.
Sringeri, sacred village in Mysore, xiii.
78, 79- .
Srinivaspur, village and taluk in Mysore,
xiii. 79.
Sriperambudur, town in Madras, xiii. 79-
80.
Srirampur, town and Sub-division in
Bengal. See Serampur.
Srirangam, town and temple in Madras,
xiii. 80-82.
Srirangapatnam, town in Mysore. See
Seringapatam.
Sri Ranga Raya, palegar of Chengalpat
and Chandragiri, granted site of Fort
St. George to the East India Company
{1639), iii. 3S2.
Srirangavarapukot, town, ialiik^ and
estate in Madras, xiii. 82.
Sri-surjya-pahar, isolated hill in Assam,
xiii. 82.
Srivaikuntham, town in Madras, xiii. 82.
Srivaikuntham, anient in Madras. See
Tambraparni river.
Srivillipatur, town and tdhik in Madras,
xiii. 82, 83.
Sriwardhan, town in Janjira State, Bom-
bay, xiii. 83.
Srughna, ruined town and capital. See
Sugh.
Srungavarapukota, town, tiihik, and
estate in Aladras. See Srirangavapukot.
Stacey, Col., commanded division at the
battle of Kandahar, vii. 394.
Stalactites, at Ganeswari, iv. 464 ; Gup-
tasar, v. 205.
Stamp revenue, article 'India,' vi. 467.
Stanton, Capt., defeated the Marathas at
Korigaum (18 18), viii. 298, 299.
State railway system, article ' India,' vi.
547, 548. See also Railways.
Stated, Native. See Native States.
Statistical Survey of Bengal, Completion
of, vi. 433.
Statues, of the Queen at Bombay, iii. 79;
Outram at Calcutta, iii. 250 ; Warren
Hastings, Cornwallis, and Ramanath
Tagore at Calcutta, iii. 251 ; Lord
Cornwallis at Ghazipur, v. 71 ;
Alfonso de Albuquerque at Goa, v.
109 ; Munro, Cornwallis, and Neiil
at Madras, ix. 106 ; Dupleix at
Pondicherri, xi. 199 ; Gomeswara at
Shravan-belgola, xii. 425 ; Jain at
Yem'ir, xiii. 555.
Steam cotton mills, Ahmadabad, i. 87,
96 ; Amraoti, i. 251 ; Badnera, i. 409;
Bengal, ii. 310 ; Bhaunagar, ii. 382;
Bombay, iii. 60, 61, 81 ; Cawnpur, iii.
292 ; Hinganghat, v. 421 ; Indore, vii.
4, 9 ; Jalgaon, vii. 104 ; in Kaira, vii.
306 ; in Khandesh, viii. 157 ; Kurla,
viii. 372 ; Nariad, x. 212 ; Nazira, x.
257 ; Sholapur, xii. 418, 421 ; Surat,
xiii. 129 ; in Thana, xiii. 257 > in
Wardha, xiii. 527.
Steam mills. See Flour, Jute, Rice-husk-
ing, Saw-mills, and Steam cotton mills.
Steatite, found in Karnul, viii. 24.
Steel, Mr. Arthur, Latu and Custom of
Hindu Castes, quoted, article ' India,'
vi. 195 (footnote).
Stephens, Thomas, the first authentic
English traveller in India, and rector
of the Jesuit College at Salsette (1579),
article ' India, vi. 363, 364.
Stevenson, David, Canal and Fiver
Engineering, quoted, article 'India,'
vi. 23.
Stevenson, General, stormed Gawilgarh
(1803), V. 43; occupied Jalna (1803),
vii. 106.
Stewart, History of Bengal, quoted, on
Tandan, xiii. 179.
Stewart, Gen. Sir D. M. , visited Ghazni
(1880), and fought action at Arzu, v.
73 ; relieved General Roberts at Kabul
(Aug. 1880), vii. 274, 275 ; took
Kandahar (1879), and marched on
Kabul (1880), vii. 395.
Stokes, Mr. , his estimate of the popula-
tion of Shimoga in 1838, xii. 401.
Stoliczka, Count, on Western Tibet and
the geology of the Himalayas, v. 410.
Stolietoff, General, Russian envoy to
Kabul (1878), i. 52.
Stone cutting and carving, Bachired-
dipalem, i. 406 ; Bikaner, ii. 442 ;
Lower Burma, iii. 198 ; Chiniot, iii.
418 ; Dhrangadra, iv. 278 ; Diingar-
pur, iv. 322 ; Gaya, v. 50 ; Gwalior,
V. 227 ; Hathras, v. 355 ; Jaipur, vii.
53 ; Jaisalmer, vii. 69 ; Jodhpur, vii,
239 ; Mani Majra, ix. 322 ; Nellore,
X. 269 ; Phaltan, xi. 164 ; Wadhwan,
xiii. 506.
Stone monuments, pre-historic, Anamalai
312
INDEX,
Hills, i. 271 ; Beypur, ii. 335 ; Coorg,
iv. 35, 36 ; Deogarh, iv. 202 ; Man-
gahpett, ix. 312; Namal, x. 187;
Nilgiri Hills, x. 303, 322, 323 ; Push-
pa-giri, xi. 335 ; Shevaroy Hills, xii.
383 ; Vinukonda, xiii. 476.
Storms, especially destructive or frequent
in Anantapur, i. 277, 278 ; South
Arcot, i. 325 ; Cuddapah, iv. 53 ;
Godavari, v. 130, 13 1 ; Kaira, vii.
304 ; Kolaba, viii. 268 ; Nellore, x.
268; Orissa, x. 463; Pabna, x. 519;
Tanjore, xiii. 194 ; Thayet-myo, xiii.
277 ; Yanaon, xiii. 548.
Storm-waves, Ravages of, in Bakarganj,
i. 446 ; Balasor, ii. 8 ; Coringa, iv.
43 ; Daulat Khan, iv. 160 ; Diamond
Harbour, iv. 284 ; Geonkhali, v. 54 ;
Hatia, v. 356 ; Kistna, viii, 232 ;
Masulipatam, ix. 355 - 357 ; in the
Meghna, ix. 395 ; Noakhali, x. 340,
344> 349.. 350 ; Orissa, x. 463 ; Sagar
Island, xii. no; Sandwip Island, xii.
212 ; the Sundarbans, xiii. 112 ;
Yanaon, xiii. 548.
Storms, Dust, called bagalyds, frequent
in Kolaba, viii. 270.
Strabo, the geographer, his ' Saraostos '
probably Surashtra or Kathiawar, viii.
90 ; calls the people of Magadha,
Prasii, xi. 107 ; the question as to the
identification of his Mount ' Aornos,'
xi. 506 ; his ' Erannoboas ' probably
the Son, xiii. 53.
Strachey, Sir John, Lieut. -Governor of
N.-W. Provinces (1874-76), x. 370.
Strachey, General Richard, calculation
of the age of the Bengal delta, article
' India,' vi. 28 ; quoted, on the geology
of the Himalayas, v. 410.
Straits, Palk's, between S. India and
Ceylon, xi. 11, 12.
Straits Settlements, India's trade with
the, article ' India,' vi. 577, 579, 580.
Stratton, George, Governor of Madras
(1776), ix. 67.
Strawberries, found or grown in Jabalpur,
vii. T,i; Kangra, vii. 412; Kashmir,
viii. 71 ; Nilgiri Hills, ix. 86 ; Mysore,
X. 103 ; Shevaroy Hills, xii. 383.
Strettel, Mr., explorer, the European,
who has furthest traced the course of
the Irawadi, vii. 19.
' Strikes ' in Indian castes, article ' India,'
vi. 198.
Strover, Captain, first British Agent at
Bhamo (1869), iii. 228.
Stroyan, Mr., murdered at Sultanpur
(1857), xiii. 98.
Strychnine, found in Nellore, x. 268.
Stuart, Gen. Sir Charlts, his operations
at Dhai(i857), iv. 248.
Stuart, Gen. James, failed to re-take Fort
St. David from the French (1783), iv.
162 ; took Palghat (1790), x. 543.
Stupas or topes, Buddhist, Remains of,
at Gudiwara, v. 177 ; Jaggayetpet, vii.
42 ; Manikiala, ix. 319, 320. See also
Buddhist antiquities and Asoka.
Su, a Tartar tribe, their overthrow of
the Greek settlements in Bactria, vi.
175-
Subalgarh, village and ruined fort in
N.-W. Provinces, xiii. 83.
Subankhali, market village in Bengal,
xiii. 83.
Subansiri, river in Assam, xiii. 83, 84.
Subara, petty Bhil State in Bombay.
See Dang States.
Subargum, hill in Bengal, xiii. 84.
Subarnarekha, river in Bengal, xiii. 84,
Subarnarekha, port in Orissa, xiii. 85.
Subathu, cantonment and hill sanitarium
in Punjab, xiii. 85.
Subeha, pargand in Oudh, xiii. 85, 86.
Subeha, town in Oudh, xiii. 86.
Subrahmanya, hill and fair in Coorg.
See Pushpagiri.
Subterranean watercourses, at Bhareng,
, "• 37p-.
Subuktigin, first Tiirki invader of India
(977)> article ' India,' vi. 272. See
Sabuktigin.
Suchin, State in Bombay. See Sachin.
Sudamanpur, village in Oudh, xiii. 86.
Sudamra Dhandhulpur, petty State in
Kathiawar, xiii. 86, 87.
Sudasna, Native State in Mahi Kantha,
xiii. 87.
Sudasna, capital of Sudasna State, xiii.
87.
Sudhanwan's alleged persecution of the
Buddhists, article ' India,' vi. 191 and
footnotes.
Sudharam, head-quarters of Noakhali
District, Bengal, xiii. 87.
Siidras, the servile caste of ancient India,
article ' India,' vi. 90, 91.
Suez Canal, trade with India vid, article
' India,' vi. 564, 565, 581. _
Sufed Koh, mountain range in Afghan-
istan. See Safed Koh.
Suffren, the Bailli de, his naval battles
(1782), iv. 453.
Sugalis, wandering tribe in North Arcot,
i. 315 ; Cuddapah, iv. 51-
Sugar-cane, Cultivation of, article ' India,'
vi. 491. Local 7iotices — Afghanistan,
i. 38 ; Agra, i. 64 ; Ahmadnagar, i.
103 ; Akalkot, i. 137 ; Allahabad, i.
189 ; Alwar, i. 205 ; Ambala, i. 220 ;
Amherst, i. 239 ; Amjhera, i. 244 ;
Amritsar, i. 260; Anantapur, i. 277;
Andaman Islands, i. 2S6; North Arcot,
i. 316; Assam, i. 362; Azamgarh, i.
INDEX.
313
39S ; Bakarganj, i. 445 ; Balasinor, i.
460; Ballia, ii. 21; Bamra, ii. 42;
Bankura, ii. 83 ; Bannu, ii. 94 ;
Bantwa, ii, 103; Bara Banki, ii. 110;
Bardwan, ii. 130 ; Bareilly, ii. 142;
Baroda, ii. 164 ; Bastar, ii. 206 ;
Bellary, ii. 245 ; Benares, ii. 258 ;
Bhandara, ii. 364 ; Bijnaur, ii. 432 ;
Bilaspur, ii. 450 ; Birbhum, iii. 5 ;
Bogra, iii. 29 ; Bombay, iii. 53, 54 ;
Budaun, iii. 120 ; Bimdi, iii. 159 ;
Lower Burma, iii. 189, 190 ; Upper
Burma, iii. 210; Cachar, iii. 236;
Cawnpur, iii. 285 ; Central India,
iii. 295 ; Champaran, iii. 341 ; Chanda,
iii- 352, 353 ;..Chandrapur, iii. 365;
Chhindwara, iii. 401 ; Chittagong, iii.
439 ; Cochin, iv. 5 ; Cuddapah, iv.
52; Cuttack, iv. 71; Dacca, iv. 85;
Danta, iv. 118; Darjiling, iv. 134;
Delhi, iv. 182 ; Dhar, iv. 246 ; Dhar-
ampur, iv. 249 ; Dhrol, iv. 279 ;
Dinajpur, iv. 294 ; Dungarpur, iv.
323 ; Edar, iv. 337 ; Etah, iv. 362 ;
Etawah, iv. 367, 374; Faizabad, iv.
384 ; Faridpur, iv. 403 ; Farukhabad,
iv. 413 ; Gangpur, iv. 478 ; Ganjam,
v. 6 ; Gaya, v. 49 ; Godavari, v. 127,
128; Goona, v. 159; Gujranwala, v.
184 ; Gujrat, v. 193 ; Gurdaspur, v.
211; Gwalior, v. 228; Haidarabad,
v. 245 ; Haidarabad (Oudh), v. 289 ;
Hardoi, v. 326 ; Hassan, v. 349 ;
Hoshiarpur, v. 455 ; Hugli, v. 494 ;
Indore, vii. 2 ; Jaipur, vii. 52 ; Jalan-
dhar, vii. 88 ; Jaunpur, vii. 156 ;
Jessor, vii. 187 ; Jhabua, vii. 195 ;
Jodhpur, vii. 238 ; Junagarh, vii. 262 ;
Kalsia, vii. 344 ; Kalwan, vii. 345 ;
North Kanara, vii. 372 ; South Kanara,
vii. 380 ; Kangra, vii. 424 ; Kapur-
thala, vii. 443 ; Karachi, vii. 448 ;
Karanja (C. P.), vii. 468 ; Karnal, viii.
24; Karond, viii. 46; Kathiawar, viii.
96; Khasi Hills, viii. 177; Kheri,
viii. 193, 195 ; Khulna, viii. 207 ;
Kolabira, viii. 271 ; Kolar, viii. 276 ;
Kolhapur, viii. 281 ; Kumaun, viii. 354 ;
Kunhiar, viii. 365 ; Kyauk-pyu, viii.
387 ; Lakhimpur, viii. 433 ; Lalitpur,
viii. 453 ; Larkhana, viii. 463 ; Lathi,
viii. 467; Ludhiana, viii. 522; Madras,
ix. 28, 30 ; Mahul, ix. 186 ; Mainpuri,
ix. 208 ; Maler Kotla, ix. 255 ; Malia,
ix. 256 ; Western Malwa, ix. 269 ;
Manbhum, ix. 283 ; Mandla, ix. 304 ;
Meerut, ix. 387 ; Mehar, ix. 397 ;
Mergui, ix. 409 ; Midnapur, ix. 429 ;
Miraj, ix. 440; Moradabad, ix. 509;
Moroi, ix. 519; Multan, x. 7, 8; Muzaf-
fargarh, x. 61 ; Muzaffarnagar, x. 72 ;
Mysore, x. 100, 102 ; Nabha, x. 126 ;
Nadiya, x. 135; Nagina, x. 159;
Narsinghpur, x. 221 ; Nasik, x. 232;
Nepal, X. 276, 277 ; N.-W. Pro-
vinces, X. 377; Nowgong, x. 41 1;
Orissa, x. 459 ; Oudh, x. 501 ; Pabna,
X. 516; Palanpur Agency, x. 537;
Palanpur, x. 539 ; Palitana, xi. 3 ;
Palkhera, xi. 10 ; Panagur, xi. 24 ;
Pandaria, xi. 35 ; Pandu Mehvvas, xi.
39; Partabgarh, xi. 71; Pataudi, xi.
85 ; Patna District, xi. loi. State, xi.
115; Phuljhar, xi. 168; Pilibhit, xi.
175; Punganur, xi. 243; Punjab, xi.
278 ; Puri, xi. 306 ; Raigarh, xi. 362 ;
Raipur, xi. 373 ; Rairakhol, xi. 378 ;
Rajkot, xi. 388 ; Rajpipla, xi. 392 ;
Ramri, xi. 463 ; Rangpur, xi. 496 ;
Ratnagiri, xii. 8, 9 ; Rohna, xii. 63 ;
Rohtak, xii. 73 ; Sachin, xii. 88 ;
Sadalgi, xii. 92 ; Saharanpur, xii.
120; Sambalpur, xii. 183; Sandwip
Island, xii. 210; Santal Parganas, xii.
232 ; Saran, xii. 255 ; Sarangarh, xii.
260 ; Savanur, xii. 293 ; Shahabad,
xii. 329; Shahjahanpur, xii. 343, 349;
Shahpur, xii. 365 ; Shimoga, xii. 403 ;
Shujabad, xii. 426 ; Sialkot, xii. 446 ;
Sibsagar, xii. 466 ; Sinnar, xii. 545 ;
Sitapur, xiii. 35 ; Sonpur, xiii. 63 ;
Sultanpur, xiii. 100 ; the Sundarbans,
xiii. 112 ; Supa, xiii. 116 ; Surat, xiii.
126; Sylhet, xiii. 152; Tarai, xiii.
209 ; Thakurdwara, xiii. 245 ; Tigaria,
xiii. 294; Tipperah, xiii. 317; Trichi-
nopoli, xiii. 360 ; Udaipur, xiii. 402 ;
Unao, xiii. 431, 432; Vayalpad, xiii.
464 ; Vizagapatam, xiii. 492 ; Wala,
xiii. 514 ; Wankaner, xiii. 5'^ ;
Yelandur, xiii. 552.
Sugar-duties, Abolition of Inland (1S36),
article ' India,' vi. 562.
Sugar-refining, extracting etc., Ahraura,
i. Ill ; Amherst, i. 241 ; South Arcot,
i. 326 ; Arwal, i. 336 ; Aska, i. 340,
v. 7, 8 ; Azamgarh, i. 399 ; Ballia, ii.
21; Bara Banki, ii. 113; Baragaon,
ii. 117; Barwar, ii. 181; Bijnaur, ii.
433 ; Biria, iii. 12 ; Champaran, iii.
343 ; Chaugachha, iii. 375 ; Cuddapah,
iv. 53 ; Darbhangah, iv. 126 ; Etah,
iv. 364 ; Faridpur, iv. 405 ; Farukh-
abad, iv. 415; Garhakota, v. 13;
Godavari, v. 129 ; Cola, v. 143 ;
Guthni, V. 225 ; Hariana, v. 338 ;
Hoshiarpur, v. 456 ; Jalandhar, vii.
89 ; Jessor, vii. 186, 188 ; Kaimahra,
vii. 296 ; Kamalapuram, vii. 349 ;
Karor, viii. 47; Kesabpur, viii. 117;
Khajura, viii. 140; Khulna, viii. 210;
Kolar, viii. 277 ; Kotchandpur, viii.
318; Kyauk-pyu, viii. 387; Lohar-
gara, viii. 474 ; Machhreta, viii. 535 ;
IVIachiwara, viii. 535 ; Magura, ix.
141 ; Maharajnagar, ix. 165 ; Maniar,
314
INDEX,
ix. 318 ; Mergui, ix. 410; Mubarakpur,
ix. 525 ; Muhamdi, ix. 530 ; Muham-
niadabad, ix. 531; Mysore, x. 120;
Nadiya, x. 137 ; Nasriganj, x. 239 ;
Navvabganj, x. 247 ; Nawada, x. 250 ;
Oel, x. 421 ; Padrauna, x. 526 ; Pal-
halli, x. 541, 544; Partabgarh (Oudh),
xi. 75; Bisalpur, xi. 176; Pilibhit, xi.
176, 179; Piprdich, xi. 1S6 ; Prome,
xi. 233 ; Rampur, xi. 458 ; Ramri, xi.
463; Rasipur, xi. 513; Ratsar, xii.
14 ; Rehli, xii. 42 ; Sadalgi, xii. 92 ;
Sakaldiha, xii. 144 ; Sambhal, xii.
187 ; Saran, xii. 257 ; Senhati, xii.
307 ; Shahabad, xii. 332 ; Shahdara
(N.-W. P.), xii. 342; Shahjahanpur,
xii- 353. 357 ; Shimoga, xii. 404 ;
Sindhora, xii. 526 ; Sisotar, xiii. 24 ;
Siwan, xiii. 44; Sukhpura, xiii. 91;
Tan Baragaon, xiii. 213; Tilhar, xiii.
296 ; Twenty-four Parganas, xiii. 397 ;
Ujhani, xiii. 416 ; Bank in Utraula,
xiii. 456.
Sugar-trade, Centres of the, Bagpat, i.
419, 420, ix. 389; Basti, ii. 212;
Berhampur (Madras), ii. 324 ; Bijnaur,
ii. 435 ; Chandausi, iii. 357 ; Cudda-
lore, iv. 46 ; Dhanaura, iv. 243 ;
Garhdiwala, v. 14 ; Gursarai, v. 225 ;
Hathras, v. 355; Jamki, vii. 128;
Kesabpur, viii. 117; Narikelbaria, x.
212 ; Nawabganj, x. 248 ; Nawashahr,
X. 254; Nur Mahal, x. 418 ; Pilibhit,
xi. 179; Rahon, xi. 347; Rampur
Beauleah, xi. 462; Rasra, xi. 514;
Rehli, xii. 42 ; Rupar, xii. '&T, ; Sahar-
anpur, xii. 125 ; Sankhatra, xii. 223 ;
Satkhira, xii. 287 ; Sherkot, xii. 380 ;
Sirajganj, xii. 548; Siralkoppa, xii.
550 ; Sirsa, xiii. 20 ; Srigovindpur,
xiii. 75 ; Sultanpur, xiii. 106 ; Tala,
xiii. 162 ; Tilhar, xiii. 296.
Sugh, ancient town in Punjab, xiii.
87, 88.
Suhawal, State and town in Central
India. See Sohawal.
Suigam, Native State in Gujarat, xiii.
88, 89.
Suigam, chief town of Suigam State,
xiii. 89.
Sujangarh, town in Rajputana, xiii. 89.
Sujanpur, town in Punjab, xiii. 89.
Sujanpur Tira, town in Punjab, xiii. 89.
Sujawal, taluk in Sind, xiii. 90.
Sujawal, town in Gwalior State, xiii. 90.
Sujayat Khan, Governor of Ellichpur,
killed in battle with Raghuji Bhonsla
at Bhugaon (1740), iv. 346.
Sukalis. See Lambadis.
Sukesar, mountain in Punjab. See
Sakeswar.
Suket, one of the Hill States in Punjab,
xiii. 90.
Suket, mountain range in Punjab. See
Jalori.
Suketa, Anglicized form of Saketa, one
of the names of Ajodhya, xiii. 90.
Sukheta, river in Oudh, xiii. 90, 91.
Sukhpura, village in N.-W. Provinces,
xiii. 91.
Sukhu-chak, town in Punjab, xiii. 91.
Sukkur, Sub-division in Sind, xiii. 91,
92.
Sukkur, idhik in Sind, xiii. 92.
Sukkur, town in Sind, xiii. 92-94.
Sulaiman, Afghan king of Bengal, con-
quered Orissa (1567, 1568), x. 430;
moved his capital from Gaur to Tan-
dan (1564), xiii. 175.
Sulaiman, range of hills marking a por-
tion of the western boundary between
British territory and Afghanistan, xiii.
94 ; article ' India,' vi. 3, 6.
Sulebhave, town in Bombay, xiii. 94, 95,
Suleiman (9th century), quoted, on the
Maldive Islands, ix. 250.
Sulekere, lake in Mysore, xiii. 95.
Sullivan, Mr., Collector of Coimbatore,
built first English house on the Nilgiri
Hills (1821), X. 303.
Sullivan's Island, in the Mergui archi-
pelago, xiii. 95.
Sulphur, found in Afghanistan, i. 37 ;
Badakshan, i. 407 ; Upper Burma, iii.
211; Jehlam, vii. 167; Kohat, viii.
423 ; Lakhimpur, viii. 427 ; Larkhana,
viii. 463 ; Nepal, x. 278 ; Lohra in
Rawal Pindi, xii. 22 ; Travancore,
xiii. 345.
Sulphur springs. See Springs, Hot and
Mineral.
Sultanganj, village in Bengal, xiii. 95.
Sultanpur, District in Oudh, xiii. 95-103 ;
changes in jurisdiction, 95, 96 ; phy-
sical aspects, 96, 97 ; history, 97, 98 ;
population, 98, 99 ; agriculture, 99,
100; land tenures, 100; means of com-
munication, 100, loi ; trade and com-
merce, manufactures, etc., loi, 102;
administration, 102; climate, 102, 103;
medical aspects, 103.
Sultanpur, tahsil in Oudh, xiii. 103, 104.
Sultanpur, /ar^awa in Oudh, xiii. 104.
Sultanpur, town in Oudh, xiii. 104, 105.
.Sultanpur, town in Kulu, Punjab, xiii.
105, 106.
Sultanpur, village in Gurgaon District,
Punjab, xiii. 106.
Sultanpur, town in Saharanpur District,
N.-W. Provinces, xiii. 106.
Sultanpur, village in Ballia District,
N.-W. Provinces, xiii. 106.
Sultanpur, town in Kapurlhala State,
Punjab, xiii. 106.
Slim, The, a silkworm tree, cultivated
in Sibsagar, xii. 466, 467.
INDEX.
315
Sumdiri, river in Assam, xiii. 106.
Sumerpur, town in N.-W. Provinces, xiii.
106, 107.
Sumesar, hill range in Bengal, xiii. 107.
vSumla, State in KathiAwar. See Samla.
Sumpter,- State in Bundelkhand. See
Samthar.
Sunam, town in Punjab, xiii 107.
Sunamganj, town in Assam. See Sonam-
ganj.
Sunapur, town in Madras. See Sonapur.
Sunda, town in Madras. See Sonda.
Sundarapandiam, village in Madras, xiii.
107.
Sundarbans, The, vast tract of forest
and swamp, forming the southernmost
portion of the Gangetic delta, xiii.
107-114; physical aspects, 108, 109;
history, 109, no; reclamation of the
.Sundarbans, no, in ; population,
III; agriculture, 1 12; natural calami-
ties, 112; trade, II2; the Sundarbans
waterways and trade routes, 112, 113;
the Calcutta and South-Eastern Rail-
way, 113, 114.
Sundarganj, village in Bengal, xiii. 1 14.
Sundeep, island in the Gangetic delta.
See Sandwip.
Sundoor, hills in Madras. See Sandur.
Sundoor, State in Madras. See Sandur.
Sitndri trees, found in the Andaman
Islands, i. 282; Bakarganj, i. 441,
444 ; the Sundarbans, xiii. 108 ;
Twenty-four Parganas, xiii. 389.
Sunkam, estate in Central Provinces,
xiii. 114.
Sun-spot cycles, article 'India,' vi. 650,
Sunth, Native State in Rewa Kantha,
xiii. 114, 115; physical aspects, 114,
115; population, 115; history, 115.
Sunth, chief town of Sunth State, xiii.
116.
Suntikopa, village in Coorg, xiii. 116.
Sunwars, tribe in the Himalayan Moun-
tains, V. 413.
Sun-worship, Traces of, among the .San-
tals, article ' India,' vi. 583.
Supa, Sub -division in Bombay. See
Haliyal.
Supa, village in Bombay, xiii. 1 16.
Siipul, Sub-division in Bengal, xiii. 116.
Si'ipul, town in Bengal, xiii. 116, 117.
Surada, town, taluk, and estate in
Madras, xiii. 117.
Surajgarha, town in Bengal, xiii. 117.
Suraj Mall, Raja of Bhartpur and ]Muttra,
took Agra with Samru (1764), i. 69;
held Koil (1757-59^ i. 170; history of
his reign in Bhartpur, ii. 375 ; seized
Dholpur (1761), iv. 276; built palaces
at Dig, iv. 286 ; his mausoleum at
Gobardhan, v. 121 ; history of his
reign in Muttra, x. 46 ; plundered
Shahdara before battle of Panipat
(1761), xii. 341. _
.Surajpur, /flro-«;za in Oudh, xiii. 117'
Surajpur, village in N.-W. Provinces,
xiii. 117.
Suraj -ud-daula. See Siraj-ud-daula.
Suram, tahsll in N.-W. Provinces. See
Soraon.
Suramangalam, suburb of Salem town,
Madras, xiii. 1 17.
Surangi, town and estate in Madras, xiii.
117.
Surat, District in Bombay, xhi. 1 18-132 ;
physical aspects, 118- 120; history,
120-124; population, 124, 125; agri-
culture, 125-127 ; natural calamities,
127, 128; commerce and trade, 128,
129; manufactures, 129; administra-
tion, 129- 13 1 ; education, 130, 131 ;
medical aspects, 13 1.
Surat, city in Bombay, xiii. 132-136 ;
position and general aspect, 132 ;
population, 132, 133 ; histoiy, 133,
134 ; commerce and trade guilds, 134 ;
chief buildings, 134, 135; early Euro-
pean tombs, 135 ; municipality, 135,
136 ; English obtain leave to trade at
(1612), article 'India,' vi. 366; de-
feat of the Portuguese fleet at Swally,
the "port of, by Captain Best (1615),
366 ; the chief seat of the Company's
government in Western India till
1684-87, when It was transferred to
Bombay, 370 ; pillaged by Sivaji
(1664), 370 ; treaty of, between Raghu-
nath Rao and the British, 391.
Surat Agency, The, small group of Native
States in Bombay, xiii. 136.
Sur Das, poet of Mathura in the i6th
centuiy, and author of the Sursagar,
article ' India,' vi. 345.
Surendra Sa, his career in Sambalpur,
participation in the Mutiny, and final
suiTender, xii. 180, 18 1.
Surgana, petty Bhil State in Bombay,
xiii. 136, 137.
Surharpur, /a;'^a;/« in Oudh, xiii. 137.
Suri, Sub-divibion in Bengal, xiii. 137.
Sun'(Sooree),administrativehead-quarters
of Birbhum District, Bengal, xiii. 137,
'3S- ... .
Surir, town in N.-W. Provmces, xm. 138.
Surirpur, village in N.-W^ Provinces,
xiii. 138.
'Surjyagarh, hill in Central Provinces,
xiii. 138.
Surjyanagar, capital of Kashmir. Sec
Srinagar.
Surma, river in S. Assam, xiii. 138.
Si'ir Singh, Raja of Jodhpur, Akbar's
general, conquered Gujarat and the
Deccan for him, vii. 241.
3i6
INDEX.
Sur Singh, town in Punjab, xiii. 138.
Sursati, river in Punjab. See Saraswati.
Surul, village in Birbhum, xiii. 138, 139.
' Survey ' land tenure in Bombay, its
simplicity, advantages, and disadvan-
tages, article ' India,' vi. 448, 449.
Surya Sen, built fort of Gwalior (773
A.D.), V. 236.
Susang, estate in Bengal, xiii. 139.
Siisis or striped cloths, made at New
Hala, V. 294 ; Jerruck, vii. 292 ; Tala-
gang, xiii. 162.
Susiimau, town in Oudh, xiii. 139.
Susunia, hill in Bengal, xiii. 139.
Sutalia, guaranteed Girasia chiefship in
Central India, xiii. 139.
Sutherland, General, broke power of
the Hatkars in Basim District, ii.
186.
Sutherland, The Countess of, the largest
ship ever built in the Hugh, launched
at the Titagarh dockyard, xiii. 335.
Suthumba, petty State in Mahi Kantha.
See Sathamba.
Suti, town in Bengal, xiii. 139, 140.
Sutlej, great river of Punjab and chief
tributary of the Indus, xiii. 140, 141 ;
article ' India,' vi. 11.
Sutna, town and cantonment in Rewa
State, Central India, xiii. 141, 142.
Sutras or sacred Sanskrit traditions,
article ' India,' vi. 89.
Swa, river in Lower Burma, xiii. 142.
Swally, Defeat of the Portuguese fleet at
_ (1615), article ' India,' vi. 366.
Swami Narayan, religious reformer, fol-
lowed by many Nagar Brahmans, now
seated at Bfsalnagar, iii. 14 ; born at
Chhipia, where his followers have
erected a temple to him, iv. 403 ; died at
Gadra (1830), iv. 458; head-quarters
of his followers at Wartal, xiii. 533.
Swarupganj, town in Bengal, xiii. 142.
Swat, river in the Punjab, xiii. 142.
Swatch of No Ground, depression in the
Bay of Bengal, off Gangetic delta, xiii.
142, 143.
Svvatis, numerous in Hazara, v. 363, 364 ;
in Kagan, vii. 293.
Swedish East India Company, article
' India,' vi. 376.
Swords, made in Bhutan, ii. 414 ; Bom-
bay, iii. 60 ; Upper Burma, iii. 218 ;
Khairpur, viii. 137 ; Lashkarpur, viii.
466; Mandalay, ix. 291 ; Monghyr,
ix.^ 487 ; Anhilwara Patan, xi. 82 ;
Rampur, xi. 459.
Syambazar, town in Bengal, xiii. 143.
Syamnagar, village in Bengal, xiii. 143.
Syan, tribe of Karens, viii. i.
Sydapet, town in Madras. See Saidapet.
Sylhet, District in Assam, xiii. 143-157 ;
physical aspects, 144, 145 ; history,
145-147; population, 147-152; immi-
gration and emigration, 150; material
condition of the people, 151 ; agricul-
ture, 152; land tenures, 152, 153;
natural calamities, 153; trade and
manufactures, 153, 154; tea cultiva-
tion, 154; administration, 154-156;
medical aspects, 156.
Sylhet, town and Sub-division in Assam,
xiii. 157.
Symes, Colonel, quoted, on Pegu in
I795> xi- 127, 128 ; on Rangoon, xi.
482, 483 ; on the Chins, xiii. 281.
Synod of Diamper (1599), article ' India,'
vi. 241.
Syntengs or Santengs, aboriginal tribe,
their rebellion in Assam (1862), i. 345,
353 ; in the Jaintia Hills, vii. 48.
Synthia, town in Bengal, xiii. 157.
Syriam, township in Lower Burma, xiii.
157> 158. .
Syriam, ancient town in Lower Burma,
xiii. 158, 159.
Syrian Christians in India, their numbers
and antiquity, article ' India,' vi. 230 ;
Syrian Catholics in Malabar, 243, 244 ;
Syrian rite reformed, 245 ; Syrian and
Roman Catholic Christians at the pre-
sent day, 257, 25S. Local tiotices —
Cochin State, iv. 3, 4, town, iv. il ;
Kayenkolam, vii. 108 ; Kotayam, vii.
310 ; Madras Presidency, ix. 25 ; Mala-
bar, ix. 228 ; Mavelikara, ix. 375 ;
Sharretalai, xii. 377 ; Taingapatam,
xiii. 160 ; Travancore, xiii. 348 ;
Vaikom, xiii. 461 ; Verapoli, xiii.
473-
Taalas, aboriginal tribe in Narsinghpur
State, Orissa, x. 225.
Tabin Shwe-ti, ruler of Pegu (1530-50),
employed European mercenaries, iii.
^75-
Ta-da, river in Lower Burma. See
Taung-nyo.
Tadiandamol, peak in Coorg, xiii. 159.
Tadpatri, taluk in Madras, xiii. 159.
Tadpatri, town in Madras, xiii. 159, 160.
Tadri, port in Bombay, xiii. 160.
Tagas, agriculturists in Bulandshahr, iii.
137 ; criminal class in Karnal, viii.
26 ; landowners in Muzaffarnagar, x.
Tagore, Ramanath, statue of, in the
Town Hall, Calcutta, iii. 251.
Taingapatam, town in Travancore, xiii.
160.
Tajiks, non-Afghan tribe in Afghanistan,
i. 34, 42 ; in Afghan-Turkistan, i. 55.
Taj Khan, took Sangarhi at Eakht
Buland's suggestion, xii. 310.
INDEX.
317
Taj Mahal, The, article ' India,' vi. 112;
304; article 'Agra.'i. 73-75.
Tajpur, Sub-division in Bengal, xiii. 160.
Tajpur, town in Bengal, xiii. 160, 161.
Takaji Rao, Maratha general, took Vel-
lore (1676), xiii. 467.
Takhi, the rebel cobbler of Gujarat,
occupied Karra (1346), where he was
defeated, viii. 48.
Takht-i-Sulaiman, principal peak of the
Sulaiman Alountains, xiii. 161 ; article
' India,' vi. 6.
Takhtpur, town in Central Provinces,
xiii. 161.
Takht Singh, chief of Ahmadnagar, had,
when elected Raja of Jodhpur (1843),
to surrender Ahrnadnagar to Raja of
Edar (1848), iv. 338; loyal to the
British in the Mutiny, vii. 242.
Taki, town in Bengal, xiii. 161, 162.
Taki, village in Punjab. Sec Asarur.
Takkas, Turanian race, earliest inhabit-
ants of Rawal Pindi, article ' India,'
vi. 164 (footnote 2) ; their present
descendants, vi. 184 ; owners and cul-
tivators in Chamba State, iii. 329.
Takshaks, early Scythian tribe in Punjab,
article ' India,' vi. 184, 185.
Takwara, town in Punjab, xiii. 162.
Tal, mountain pass over the Brahui Hills
from the Punjab into Baluchistan,
article ' India,' vi. 6.
Tala, town in Bengal, xiii. 162.
Talagang, town and tahsil in Punjab,
xiii. 162.
Talagaon, town in Berar. See Ta-legaon.
Talaings, tribe in Amherst, i. 237, 238 ;
their dynasty in Bassein, ii. 194 ; ruled
at Tha-tun, Pegu, and Martaban, over-
thrown by Anawrata, Emperor of Pagan,
iii. 174 ; their origin and numbers in
Lower Burma, iii. 182, 183 ; in Upper
Burma, iii. 212 ; Henzada, v. 386 ;
Rangoon, xi. 476, 477 ; Shwe-g}'in,
xii. 431 ; Thon-gwa, xiii. 290.
Talaja, town in Bhaunagar State, Kathia-
war, xiii. 163.
Talakadu, ancient town in Mysore. Sec
Talkad.
Tala-Kaveri, source of the Kaveri (Cau-
very) river. See Tale-Kaveri.
Talamba, town and ruins in Punjab,
xiii. 163.
Talaparamba, town in Madras. See Tali-
paramba.
Talbehat, ancient town in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, xiii. 164.
Talc, found in Alwar, i. 203 ; Assam, i.
347 ; Ganjam, v. 2 ; ^lohanpur, ix.
474; Mysore District, x. 1 14; Sawant-
wari, xii. 296.
Talcher, pettyStateinOrissa,xiii. 164, 165.
Talchanda, canal in Bengal, xiii. 165.
Talegaon, town in Berar, xiii. 165.
Talegaon Dabhara, town in Bombaj% xiii.
165, 166.
Talegaon Dhandhera, town in Bombay,
xiii. 166.
Tale - Kaveri, source of the Kaveri
(Cauvery) river, and place of pilgrim-
age, in Coorg, xiii. 166.
Talgaon, town in Gudh, xiii. 166, 167.
Talikot, town in Bombay, xiii. 167 ;
battle of, and overthrow of the Vi-
jayanagar kingdom (1565), article
'India,' vi. 2S8.
Taliparamba, town in Madras, xiii. 167.
Talkad, tdlitk in Mysore. See Narsipur.
Talkad, ancient city in Mysore, xiii. 167,
16S.
Tallacheri, port in Madras. Sec Telli-
cherri.
Taloda, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, xiii. 168.
Talodhi, village in Central Provinces, xiii.
168.
Talpur Mirs, The, of Sind, take Shikar-
pur {1824), xii. 389, 390; their history
in Sind, xii. 513-515; overthrow by
Sir C. Napier, xii. 515; defeated by
Shah Shuja at Sukkur (1833), '^iii- 94 '■>
their rule in Thar and Parkar, xiii. 264.
Talsana, petty State in Kathiawar, xiii.
16S, 169.
Tdltikddrs, or great landlords of Oudh,
article 'India,' vi. 451, 452.
Tamarasseri, pass in Madras, xiii. 169.
Tamarinds, grown in Allahabad, i. 190 ;
Belgaum, ii. 231; Bilaspur, ii. 445;
Broach, iii. 102, 115; Upper Burma,
hi. 210; Cambay, iii. 271; Cavvnpur,
iii. 280 ; Chengalpat, iii. 380, 382 ;
Chhindwara, iii. 39S ; Cuddapah, iv.
52 ; Dhaurahra, iv. 269 ; Elephanta,
iv. 341 ; Ellichpur, iv. 345 ; Godavari,
V. 123 ; Gwahor, v. 227 ; Haidarabad,
V. 244; Jaunpur, vii. 150; Kanhar-
gaon, vii. 432 ; Kankanhalli, vii. 433 ;
Karnul, vih. 35 ; Kolar, viii. 276 ;
Kwa, viii. 382 ; on the Lonar Lake,
viii. 489 ; Madras, ix. 30 ; Nagpur, x.
165 ; Narsinghpur, x. 217 ; Nellore,
X. 268 ; Oudh, X. 482 ; Pendra, xi.
132 ; Rampa, xi. 454 ; Rewa Kantha,
xii. 49 ; Salem, xii. 152; Shamsabad,
xii. 375; Sind, xii. 507, 520; Sitapur,
xiii. 30 ; Surat, xiii. 120 ; Tavoy, xhi.
232 ; Upper Sind Frontier, xiii. 440 ;
Wardha, xiii. 523 ; Wiin, xiii. 546.
Tambaur, town and pargand in Oudh,
xiii. 169.
Tamberacheri, pass in Madras. See
Tamarasseri.
Tambraparni, river in iMadras, xiii. 169-
171 ; the Srivaikantham anicut, 170,
171.
3i8
INDEX,
Tamil, the oldest and most influential
of the vernacular literatures of Southern
India, article 'India,' vi. 330; first
cultivation of Tamil by the sage
Agastya, 330, 331 ; Tain cycle of
Tamil literature from the 9th to the
13th century, 331 ; its great Pariah
poet and poetess (900 A.D.?), 331 ; the
Tamil Ramayana, 331 ; Sivaite and
Vishnuite Tamil hymnologies, 332 ;
the Sittar or anti-Brahmanical Tamil
poets of the 17th century, 332 ; modern
Tamil writers, 333 ; Beschi, the Jesuit
priest, 333 ; recent statistics of Tamil
literature, m.
Tamluk, Sub-division in Bengal, xiii. 171.
Tamluk, ancient town in Bengal, xiii. 171-
173-
Tamracheri, pass in Madras. See Tamar-
asseri.
Tamranga, marsh in Assam, xiii. 173.
Tamrapurni, river in Madras. See Tam-
braparni.
Tanaji Malusra, his feat in taking Sinh-
garh (1670), xii. 544.
Tanakallu, village in Madras, xiii. 173.
Tanda, town and Sub-division in .Sind.
See Tando Muhammad Khan.
Tanda, tahul and pargand in Oudh, xiii.
174.
Tanda, town in Oudh, xm. 174, 175.
Tanda, town in Punjab, xiii. 175.
Tanda Badridan, town in Rampur State,
N. -W. Provinces, xiii. 175.
Tandan, ancient town in Bengal, xiii.
175. 176.
Tando, town and Sub-division in Sind.
See Tando Muhammad Khan.
Tando Adam, town in Sind. See Adam-
jo-Tando.
Tando Alahyar, town and tahik in Sind.
See Alahyar-jo-Tando.
Tando Bago, town and taluk in Sind,
xiii. 176.
Tando Ghulam Ali, town in Sind, xiii.
176, 177.
Tando Lukman, town in Khairpur State,
Sind, xiii. 177.
Tando Masti Khan, town in Khairpur
State, Sind, xiii. 177.
Tando Muhammad Khan, Sub-division
in Sind, xiii. 177, 178 ; physical
aspects, 177; population, 177, 178;
crops, 178; trade and manufactures,
178; administration, 178.
Tando Muhammad Khan, town in Sind,
xiii. 178, 179.
Tangacheri, town in Madras. See Tang-
asseri.
Tangail, town in Bengal, xiii. 179.
Tangan, river in Bengal, xiii. 179.
Tangancherri, town in Madras. See
Tangasseri.
Tangasseri, town in Madras, xiii. 179,
180.
Tanglu, peak in Bengal, xiii. iSo.
Tangra, town in Bengal. Sec Tandan.
Tangutiir, town in Madras, xiii. 180.
Tanjore, District in Madras, xiii. 180-
194 ; physical aspects, 180, 181 ; his-
tory, 181-183; population, 184-186;
urban and rural population, 186, 187 ;
agriculture, 187-189 ; irrigation, 189-
191 ; commerce, trade, and manufac-
tures, 191, 192; administration, 192,
193 ; education, 193 ; medical aspects,
193. 194;
Tanjore, tdhik in Madras, xiii. 194.
Tanjore, city in Madras, ancient capital,
with temple, fort, and palace, xiii. 194-
196.
Tank, tahsil and estate in Punjab, xiii.
196, 197.
Tank, town in Punjab, xiii. 198.
Tankari, seaport in Bombay, xiii. 198.
Tanks, artificial lakes and reservoirs,
Abhana, i. 3 ; Abiraman, i. 3 ; Aden,
i. 21-23; in Ajmere-Merwara, i. 118;
Alibagh, i. 166 ; Alhir, i. 201 ; Alwar,
i. 207 ; Amjhera, i. 244 ; Amravati,
i. 253 ; Amroha, i. 266 ; Anantapur,
i. 280 ; Anantasagaram, i. 280 ; Appe-
cherla, i. 296 ; Ashti, i. 338 ; Auraiya,
i. , 385 ; . Ayyankere, i. ^ 391 ; Baba
Budan, i. 403; Badrinath, i. 411 ;
Bagalkot, i. 413; Baldeva, ii. 11 ;
Balihri, ii. 13 ; Bangalore, ii. 69 ;
Banidchang, ii. 74 ; Barakila, ii. 120 ;
Baroda, ii. 171 ; Barwa Sagar, ii. 181 ;
Basim, ii. 188, 189; Batala, ii. 215;
Beria, ii. 326 ; Betmangala, ii. 327 ;
Bhandara, ii. 360 ; Bhopal, ii. 406 ;
Bihar, ii. 421 ; Bijapur, ii. 426 ;
Bikaner, ii. 443 ; Bisalpur, iii. 15 ;
in Bombay Presidency, iii. 44, 56 ;
Bomori, iii. 84 ; Brindaban, iii. 100 ;
Bukkacherla, iii. 129 ; Bukkapatnani,
iii. 129; Calicut, iii. 269; Chanda, iii.
355 '■> Charkhari, iii. 372 ; Charra, iii.
372 ; Chauragarh, iii. 377 ; Karun-
gali in Chengalpat, iii. 382, 385 ; ■
Comillah, iv. 25 ; Cumbum, iv. 57 ;
Damoh, iv. 1 14; Dankam, iv. 117;
Darbhangah, iv. 126; Dasiiya, iv.
155; Datia, iv. 157; Debar, iv. 163;
Deolia, iv. 204 ; Derapur, iv. 229 ;
Devvas, iv. 237 ; Dhaldighi, iv. 23S ;
Dhamoni, iv. 240 ; Dharwar, iv. 257,
258 ; Dholka, iv. 272 ; Dipalpur, iv.
304; Dohad, iv. 31 1 ; Dongartal, iv.
314 ; Dubrajpur, iv. 318 ; Kanak Sagar
at Dugari, iv. 318; Dungarpur, iv.
323 ; Gandevi, iv, 463 ; Gangal, iv.
466 ; Gangrov, iv. 479 ; Garha, v. 12 ;
Garhbori, v. 14 ; Gaur, v. 38, 40 ;
Gawilgarh, v. 43 ; Gobardhan, v. 121 ;
INDEX.
319
Godhra, v. 135 ; Gohana, v. 141 ;
Gonda, v. 156; Haidarabad, v. 243;
Hamirpur, v. 298 ; Hargam, v. 335 ;
Harnhalli, v. 341 ; Hasan Abdal, v.
342 ; Hasilpur, v. 344 ; Hathras, v.
355 ; Herat, v. 393 ; Hindoli, v. 415 ;
Hodal, V. 437, 438 ; Hongal, v. 440 ;
Hoskot, V. 459 ; Ichauli, v. 505 ;
Islamabad, vii. 26 ; Jabalpur, vii. 37 ;
Jagalur, vii. 41 ; Jagdalpur, \\\. 41 ;
Jainagar, vii. 46 ; Jaipur, vii. 60 ;
Jaitpur, vii. 72 ; Jalna, vii. 107 ; Jam-
busar, vii. 122, 123 ; Jaswantnagar,
vii. 147 ; Jhalra Patan, vii. 203, 204 ;
Jhansi, vii. 216; Jhinjhinvara, vii.
230 ; Jodhpur, vii. 246 ; Junona, vii.
265 ; Kabrai, ra. 266 ; Kadaba, vii.
268 ; Kadi, vii. 280 ; Kadiir, vii. 282,
286 ; Kaimahra, vii. 296 ; Kairana,
vii. 308 ; Kaithal, vii. 309 ; Kalinjar,
^ij- ZZli^ 334, 335> 336 ; Kamalapuram,
vii. 349 ; Kamthi, vii. 367 ; Kapad-
wanj, vii. 440 ; Karanja, vii. 467 ;
Karanja (Berar), vii. 468 ; Karwi, viii.
57 ; Kasipur, viii. 82 ; Katangi, viii.
86 ; Katra Medniganj, viii. loi ;
Kaveripak, viii. 105 ; Kelod, viii. 1 1 1 ;
Kesariya, viii. 118 ; Khajuha, viii. 140 ;
Khamgaon, viii. 143 ; Khandwa, viii.
162 ; Khari, viii. 167 ; Khatmandu,
viii. 184 ; Khem Karn, viii. 188 ;
Khisor Hills, viii. 203 ; Khurja, viii.
212; Khutalian, viii. 214; Kolaba,
viii. 261 ; Kolar, viii. 272, 276 ; Kora,
viii. 295 ; Kotah, viii. 308 ; Kote-betta,
viii. 310, 311 ; Kuch Behar, viii. 328 ;
Kulpahar, viii. 334 ; Kunch, viii. 363 ;
Kunigal, viii. 366; Kurauli, viii. 371 ;
Kyaung-sun, viii. 390 ; Lalitpur, viii.
447 ; Lanji, viii. 461 ; Lehra, viii.
469 ; Lonauli, viii. 490 ; Loni, viii.
490 ; Maddur, viii. 539 ; Madnagarh,
viii. 544 ; Madras Presidency, ix. 42,
city, ix. 105, III ; Madura District,
ix. 129, town, ix. 134 ; jNIagar, ix.
136. 137 ; Mahoba, ix. 182, 183 ;
Mandal, ix. 287 ; Mandar Hills, ix.
292; Mangalagiri, ix. 312; ^Slasar, ix.
351; Maudha, ix. 370; Mawana, ix.
376 ; Meerut, ix. 393 ; Merwara, ix.
415, 417; Mhaswad, ix. 420; Misrikh,
ix. 467 ; Mojarh, ix. 477 ; Molakal-
muru, ix. 478 ; Monghyr, ix. 490 ;
Moti-talao, ix. 521; Mudki, ix. 528;
Mu-dun, ix. 528 ; Muhammadpur, ix.
532 ; Mukerian, ix. 533 ; Muktsar, ix.
534 ; Miiltai, ix. 539 ; Muttra, x. 53 ;
Mysore, x. 91 ; Nadol', x. 142 ; Nag-
pur, x. 174; Nainwah, x. 178; Nandi-
drug, X. 192 ; Narnala, x. 213 ; Nawa-
gaon, X. 250 ; Nellore, x. 273 ; Nim-
khar, x. 336 ; Noakhali, x. 339 ;
Orchha, x. 424 ; Pandaul, xi. 35 ;
Pandrinton, xi. 38, 39 ; Partabgarh,
xi. 76 ; Pasrur, xi. 80 ; Patna, xi.
1 10 ; Phaphund, xi. 166 ; Pokaran, xi.
195 ; Polur, xi. 197 ; Piidi'ikattai, xi.
237 ; Punasa, xi. 242 ; Pundri, xi.
242 ; Piisad, xi. 335 ; Raiganj, xi.
362 ; Raipur, xi. 367, 377 ; Rajapur,
xi. 3S5 ; Rajgarh, xi. 387 ; Rajputana,
xi. 400 ; Ramkot, xi. 450 ; Ramnad,
xi. 451 ; Ramnagar, xi. 452 ; Ramtek,
xi. 466 ; Rangoon, xi. 4S3, 4S4 ; Rang-
pur, xi. 502 ; Ratanpur, xi. 517 ; Rath,
xi. 51S ; Rayalcheruvu, xii. 40; Re-
wari, xii. 56 ; Risod, xii. 57 ; Rohisa,
xii. 63 ; Rohtak, xii. 69 ; Rupbas, xii.
83 ; Rupgarh, xir. 83 ; the Chem-
brakam, xii. 139, 140; Saifganj, xii.
141 ; Salumbar, xii. 172 ; Sangam, xii.
175; Sankarnainarkoil, xii. 222; San-
kisa, xii. 224; Sarvepalli, xii. 271;
Sarwan, xii. 272 ; Sasseram, xii. 272 ;
Satara, xii. 281 ; Saurath, xii. 292 ;
Savali, xii. 292 ; Sayla, xii. 299 ;
Secunderabad, xii. 302 ; Senhati, xii.
307 ; Seoni, xii. 315 ; Seoniband, xii.
316; Shekohpura, xii. 378; Shikar-
pur, xii. _395 ; Shimoga, xii. 404 ;
Shioner, xii. 410 ; Sholapur, xii. 416 ;
Sibsagar, xii. 461, 472; Sihora, xii.
477 ; Simraon, xii. 501 ; Sindewahi,
xii. 525 ; Sindkher, xii. 527 ; Singh-
bhum, xii. 531 ; Sinjhauli Shahzadpur,
xii. 544 ; Sitakund, xiii. 25 ; Sohna,
xiii. 48 ; Somnath, xiii. 50 ; Songri,
xiii. 61 ; Srinagar, xiii. 78 ; Subeha,
xiii. 86 ; Sudharam, xiii. %"] ; Sulekere,
xiii. 95; Surat, xiii. 1 19; on the
Takht-i-Sulaiman, xiii. 161 ; Talbehat,
xiii. 164; Taragarh, xiii. 164; Tarn
Taran, xiii. 215; Tepagarh, xiii. 242 ;
Than, xiii. 248, 249 ; Thana, xiii. 250,
25S ; Thaneswar, xiii. 260 ; Thulendi,
xiii. 293 ; Tirupatur, xiii. 327 ; Tirwa,
xiii. 330 ; Tonniir, xiii. 338 ; Tosham,
xiii- 339> 340.; Trjchinopoli, xiii. 364;
Tripunathorai, xiii. 367 ; Tiimkur,
xiii. 379 ; Tumsar, xiii. 382 ; Turai-
yiir, xiii. 3S4 ; Tyamgondal, xiii. 399 ;
Udaipur, xiii. 401 ; Udai Sagar, xiii.
409 ; Old Udaipur, xiii. 413 ; Umar-
kot, xiii. 420; Umarpur, xiii. 421;
Umrer, xiii. 423 ; Utakamand, xiii.
453 ; Utal, xiii. 454 ; Utraula, xiii.
458 ; Vadatur Valiyiir, xiii. 460 ;
Vehar, xiii. 465, 466 ; Vizianagram,
xiii. 503 ; Vontimetta, xiii. 503 ;
Vutukur, xiii. 503 ; Warora, xiii. 531 ;
Wiin, xiii. 546.
Tanna, District in Bombay. See Thana.
Tanna, old fort near Calcutta, xiii. 198.
Tanning. See Leather.
Tantia Topi, mutineer general, passed
through Rohilkhand into Oudh (1858),
320
INDEX.
iii. 119 ; defeated by General Parke at
Chhota Udaipur, iii. 405 ; defeated at
Dausa, iv. 161 ; approached Gwalior
(June 1858), when Sindia had to escape,
V. 233 ; reached the Satpura Hills, but
could not break into Berar, v. 265 ;
crossed the Hoshangabad valley, v.
444 ; in Jalaun District (Oct. 1857-
May 1858), vii. 96 ; burnt Kandwa
viii. 162 ; ravaged Nimar, x. 331.
Tantrik, sect of Siva worshippers, article
' India,' vi. 214.
Tanuku, town and tabik in Madras, xiii.
19S, 199.
Taniir, seaport in Madras, xih. 199.
Tapasi, coal-mine in Bengal, xiii. 199.
Tappa, petty State in Central India, xiii.
199-
Tappa Asl, pargand in Oudh, xni. 199.
Tappal, town in N.-W. Provinces, xiii.
200.
Tapti, great river of W. India, xiii. 200-
205.
Tapti, lighthouse in Bombay, xiii. 205.
Ta-pun, town and township in Burma,
xiii. 205.
Tara. See Kankrej.
Tarabganj, tahsil'm. Oudh, xiii. 205, 206.
Tarachand, native Christian teacher at
Bansbaria, ii. 98.
Taragarh, hill fort in Rajputana, xiii.
206.
Taragarh, hill fort in Pjinjab, xiii. 206.
Tarahwan. See Karwi.
Tarahwan, ancient town in N.-\V. Pro-
vinces, xiii. 206, 207.
Tarai, District in N.-W. Provinces, xiii.
207-211 ; physical aspecis, 207, 208;
history, 20S ; population, 208, 209 ;
agriculture, 209, 210 ; manufactures,
etc., 210; revenue, 210, 211 ; cHmate
211.
Tarai, Sub-division in Bengal, xiii. 211.
Tarakeswar, village and temple in Ben-
gal, xiii. 211, 212.
Taran Taran. See Tarn Taran.
Taraon, petty State in Bundelkhand,
xiii. 212.
Tarapur, town in Cambay, Bombay, xiii.
212.
Tarapur, port in Bombay, xiii. 212.
Tarapur, customs division in Bombay,
xiii. 213.
Tarbela, town in Punjab, xiii. 213.
Tarenga, village in Central Provinces,
xiii. 213.
Targaon, town in Oudh, xiii. 213.
Tari, village in N.-W. Provinces, xiii.
213.
Tari Baragaon, village in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, xiii. 213.
Tarikere, old town and tabik in Mysore,
xiii. 213, 214.
Tarins, wandering tribe in Pishin, xi.
189.
Tarkhdn, dynasty in Sind (1554-92), xii.
510.
Tarleton, Commander, took Pegu, xi.
1 28 ; and Prome, xi. 236.
Tarn Taran, sacred town and tahsil in
Punjab, xiii. 214, 215.
Taroba, lake in Central Provinces, xiii.
215-
Taroch, Hill State in Punjab, xni. 216.
Taroli, village in N.-W. Provinces, xiii.
216.
Tartar overthrow of Greek conquests in
Bactria, article ' India,' vi. 175. See
also Scythic invasions.
Tasar or jungle silkworm, article ' India,'
vi. 34 ; 513, 514. Local notices —
Found in Bamra, ii. 41 ; Bankura, ii.
78 ; Bard wan, ii. 127 ; Bhagalpur, ii.
344 ; Bilaspur, ii. 451 ; Bonai, iii. 85 ;
Borasambar, iii. 89 ; Chanda, iii. 349 ;
Cuttack, iv. 65 ; Gangpur, iv. 478 ;
Gaya, v. 44 ; Haidarabad, v. 245 ;
Jabalpur, vii. 33 ; Jashpur, vii. 145 ;
Kasiari, viii. 79 ; Korba, viii. 296 ;
Lakhimpur, viii. 427 ; Lohardaga, viii.
476 ; Midnapur, ix. 425 ; Murshid-
abad, x. 22 ; Puri, xi. 301 ; Rai Bareli,
xi. 353 ; Raigarh, xi. 362 ; Sambalpur,
xii. 184 ; Santal Parganas, xii. 227 ;
Singhbhum, xii. 537, 539 ; Wardha,
xiii. 526.
Tasar silk, woven at Armori, i. 331 ;
Bhagalpur, ii. 350 ; Birbhum, iii. 9 ;
Champanagar, iii. 333 ; Chanda, iii.
354 ; Chandrapur, iii. 365 ; Dabha, iv.
76 ; Gaya, v. 50 ; Kasiari, viii. 79 ;
]\Ianbhum, ix. 284 ; Mau Natbhanjan,
ix. 373 ; Narsinghpur, x. 222 ; Rai-
garh, xi. 362 ; Rohri, xii. 68 ; Sambal-
pur, xii. 183; Sarangarh, xii. 260;
Singhbhum, xii. 539 ; Satgachhia in
the Twenty-four Parganas, xiii. 397.
Tasgaon, town and Sub-division in Bom-
bay, xiii. 216, 217.
Tassy, Garcin de, Histoire de la Lit-
terature Hindoiiie et Hindoustanie,
quoted, article 'India,' vi. 343, and
footnote I.
Tatiparthi, hill pass in Madras, xiii. 217.
Tatta, tdhik in Sind, xiii. 217.
Tatta, historic town in Sind, xiii. 217,
219.
Tattamangalam, town in Madras, xiii.
219.
Taung-bek-myo, township in Burma,
xiii. 219, 220.
Taung-gup, village and river in Burma,
xiii. 220.
Taung-laung-su, village in Burma, xiii.
220.
Taung-ngu, District in Lower Burma,
INDEX.
321
xiii. 220-226 ; physical aspects, 220,
221; history, 221-223; population,
223, 224 ; agriculture, 224, 225 ; com-
merce, etc., 225 ; administration, 226;
medical aspects, 226.
Taung-ngu, township in Burma, xiii. 226.
Taung-ngu, town and cantonment in
Burma, xiii. 226, 227.
Tavernier's description of Burhanpur in
1658, iii. 163 ; of Dacca, iv. 81 ; of
Goa, V. 103 ; of the Kistna diamond
mines, viii. 227.
Tavi, petty State in Kathiawar, xiii. 227
Tavli, town in Baroda, xiii. 227.
Tavora, Marquis de, defeated the Mara-
thas (1750), and took Piro, v. 104.
Tavoy, District in Lower Burma, xiii.
227-234 ; physical aspects, 227, 228 ;
history, 229, 230 ; population, 230,
231 ; agriculture, 231, 232 ; commerce,
etc., 232, 233 ; administration, 233 ;
climate, etc., 233, 234.
Tavoy, town and seaport in Burma, xiii.
Tavoy, river in Burma, xiii. 234, 235.
Tavoy, island off Burma, xiii. 235.
Tawa, river in the Central Provinces,
xiii. 235.
Taxation of India under the Mughal
Emperors (1593-1761), article ' India,'
vi. 299 ; taxation under the Mughals
and the British, 463, 464 ; taxation
in Native States, 464 ; incidence
of taxation in British India, 464,
465. See also Finances and Revenue
system.
Taxila, ancient town in Rawal Pindi
District, Punjab, the home of the
Takkas, identified with the ruins of
Deri Shahan, article ' India,' vi. 164
(footnote 2), 184 ; xii. 235. See also
Deri Shahan.
Tayler, Mr., Commissioner of Patna, his
behaviour during the Mutiny, xi. 96,
97 ; sent fifty Sikhs for the defence of
Arrah, xii. 328.
Taylor, Brigadier-General, commanded in
the Parla Kimedi campaign (1834,
1835), and in Gumsur (1835-37), v. 4,
xi. 64.
Taylor, Dr., quoted, on the fort of
Durduria, iv. 326 ; on the troops
furnished by the Herat Province, v.
391-
Taylor, Col. Meadows, quoted, on the
fort of Naldrug, x. 182-184 ; on Penu-
konda, xi. 135 ; his administration of
Shorapur State (1S42-53), xii. 423.
Taylor, Major-General R. G., his ad-
ministration of the Bannu valley, ii.
92- . .
Tea cultivation and manufacture, article
' India,' vi. 504-509 ; indigenous to
VOL. XIV.
Assam, 504 ; early experiments and
failures, 504, 505 ; rapid progress of
the industry, 505 ; statistics of out-
turn, 505-507 ; varieties of the plant,
508 ; the work of a tea-garden, 508,
509 ; export of tea, 575. Local
notices — The Andaman Islands, i.
286 ; Anjinad, i. 292 ; Assam, i.
364-366 ; Bengal, ii. 271, 304 ; Upper
Burma, iii. 210 ; Cachar, iii. 23^ ;
Chikalda, iii. 408 ; Cliittagong, iii.
439, 441 ; Chittagong Hill Tracts, iii.
451 ; Coonoor, iv. 28; Dalingkot, iv.
98 ; Darjiling, iv. 129, 135, 136 ; Dar-
rang, iv. 146, 148 ; Dehra Dun, iv.
174, 175 ; Western Dwars, iv, 335 ;
Garhwa!, v. 21, 22; Goalpara, v. 117 ;
Hawalbagh, v. 359 ; Hazaribagh, v.
379 ; Ita Hills, vii. 27 ; Jalpaiguri,
vii. 114, 115 ; Jorhat, vii. 248 ; Kaiti,
vii. 310 ; Kamakhya Hills, vii. 349 ;
Kamrup, vii. 354, 362, 363 ; Kangra,
vii. 424 ; Khasi Hills, viii. 177 ; Kota-
giri, viii. 303 ; Kulu, viii. 343 ;
Kumaun, viii. 354, 355 ; Lakhimpur,
viii. 435, 438 ; Lakhipur, viii. 440 ;
Lohaghat, \-iii. 474 ; Lohardaga, viii.
483 ; Madras, ix. 32, 85, 86 ; Mahudi
Hill, ix. 185; Malabar, ix. 231; the
Melghat, ix. 403 ; Monierkhal, ix. 491 ;
Nigriting, x. 300 ; Nilgiri Hills, x.
313-316; Noarband, x. 353; N.-W.
Provinces, x. 377-379 ; Nowgong, x.
406, 411, 413; Ochterlony valley,
X. 421 ; Palampur, x. 535 ; Punjab,
xi. 278 ; Rangamati (Assam), xi. 470 ;
on the Saffrai river, xii. 99 ; Salem
tdhik, xii. 166 ; Shevaroy Hills, xii.
383 ; Sibsagar, xii. 459, 467, 469 ;
Sonapur, xiii. 58; Sylhet, xiii. 154;
Taung-ngu, xiii. 225 ; Tavoy, xiii. 231 ;
Travancore, xiii. 349.
Tea-boxes, made in Cachar, iii. 237.
Teak forests, article ' India,' vi. 39 ; 42.
Local notices — Ahiri, i. 82; Airi, i.
Ill ; Akyab, i. 150 ; Amherst, i. 233,
234, 240 ; Anamalai Hills, i. 270 ;
Arakan Hill Tracts, i. 299 ; Baba
Budan, i. 402; Banda, ii. 51 ; Barela,
ii. 147 ; Basim, ii. 183 ; Belgaum, ii.
232 ; Betul, ii. 329 ; Bijji, ii. 427 ;
Biligiri-rangan, ii. 457 ; Bison Range,
iii. 17 ; Bombay, iii. 45 ; Buldana, iii.
143 ; Bumawadi, iii. 149 ; Lower
Burma, iii. 200, 202, 203 ; Upper
Burma, iii. 210; Chanda, iii. 349;
Chhindwara, iii. 398 ; Chichgarh, iii.
408 ; Chintalnar, iii. 419 ; Jogimath,
near Chitaldrug, iii. 425 ; Cochin, iv.
2 ; Coimbatore, iv. 15 ; Coorg, iv. 32 ;
Daman, iv. 102 ; the Dangs, iv. 115 ;
Dapoli, iv. 121 ; on the banks of
the Dattaw, iv. 157; Deori, iv.
322
INDEX.
205 ; Dharampur, iv. 249 ; Garhakota
Ramna, v. 14 ; Western Ghats, v. 59 ;
Godavari, v. 122 ; Gyaing Attaran, v.
237 ; Berar, v. 260 ; Haliyal, v. 296 ;
Hathiban, v. 353 ; Henzada, v. 384 ;
Hoshangabad, v. 442, 443 ; Hosur, v.
460 ; Hpaung-lin, v. 466 ; Hpyu, v.
466 ; Indore, vii. 2 ; Jamner, vii. 130 ;
Jawadi Hills, vii. 162 ; Jhabua, vii.
194; Jhansi, vii. 217; Kadur, vii.
283 ; kalwan, vii. 345 ; Kamrup, vii.
355 ; North Kanara, vii. 369 ; South
ivanara, vii. 377; Karjat, viii. 11;
Karnul, viii. 35 ; Karond, viii. 46 ;
Katangi, viii. 86 ; Kiggat-nad, viii.
216 ; Kolaba, viii. 261 ; the Konkan,
viii. 291 ; Kotapalli, viii. 309 ; Kuch-
mala Hill, viii. 328 ; Kulsi, viii. 335 ;
Lakvalli, viii. 444 ; Lohara, viii. 474 ;
Madras, ix. 7, 83, 84 ; Mahagaon, ix.
155; Malabar, ix. 219, 229; Mal-
kangiri, ix. 258 ; Manipur, ix. 325 ;
the Melghat, ix. 402 ; Mergui, ix. 407 ;
Merkara, ix. 413 ; Miil Hills, ix. 535 ;
Mysore, x. 114; Nalkeri, x. 184;
Nallamalai Hills, x. 185 ; Nanjaraj-
patna, x. 197 ; Nasik, x. 228 ; Nellore,
x. 267 ; Nilambur, x. 301 ; Nilgiri
Hills, x. 305, 323 ; Nimar, x. 328 ;
Nirmal, x. 338 ; Pachamalai Hills, x.
521 ; Pa-daung, x. 523 ; Palkonda
Hills, xi. II ; Palni Mountains, xi. 19;
Panabaras, xi. 24 ; Pawi Mulanda, xi.
123; Prome, xi. 226; Raipur, xi.
368 ; Rajpipla, xi. 391 ; Rangi, xi.
471 ; Rangoon, xi. 473 ; Ratnagiri,
xii. 3 ; Rewa, xii. 46 ; Rewa Kantha,
xii. 49 ; Sagar, xii. lOi ; San-ywe, xii.
247 ; Saoligarh, xii. 247 ; Satara, xii.
277 ; Satpura, xii. 289 ; Sawantwari,
xii. 296 ; Seoni, xii. 309 ; Shevaroy
Hills, xii. 383 ; Shwe-gyin, xii. 430 ;
Sirsi, xiii. 21; Sunkam, xiii. I14 ;
Supa, xiii. 116; Surat, xiii. 120; Sur-
gana, xiii. 116 ; on the Swa, xiii. 142 ;
Sylhet, xiii. 145 ; Taung-ngu, xiii.
221; Tharawadi, xiii. 272; Thayet-
myo, xiii. 279 ; Travancore, xiii. 344,
345 ; Trichinopoli, xiii. 355 ; Wada,
xiii. 504; Wainad, xiii. 510 j Wardha,
xiii. 523 ; Wun, xiii. 539.
Teesta, river of N. Bengal. See Tista.
Teg Bakht Khan, Governor of Surat,
made himself independent (1733), and
founded a dynasty, xiii. 123.
Tegnapatam (Fort St. David) East
India Factory, established at (1686-92),
article ' India,' vi. 371.
Tegur, village in Bombay, xiii. 235.
Tehri. See Orchha.
Tehri, capital of Orchha State in Bundel-
khand, xiii. 236.
Tehri Garhwal. See Garhwal.
Tej Singh, Sikh general, defeated at
Firozshah and Sobraon, v. 209.
Tekalkota, village and fort in Madras,
xiii. 236.
Tekkali, taluk and estate in Madras, xiii.
236. See also Raghunathpuram.
Telangas, wandering gipsy race in Rang-
pur, xi. 493.
Telgaon-Kamthi, village in Central Pro-
vinces, xiii. 236.
Teliagarhi, hill pass in Bengal, xiii. 236.
Telinga, ancient kingdom of S. India,
xiii. 237. See also Andhra.
Telingas, The, or Telugu-speaking people
in Ghatkul, v. 57 ; Haidarabad State,
V. 247 ; Kotapalli, viii. 309 ; Pun', xi.
304-
Telis, or oil-pressers, in the Central Pro-
vinces, have become Kabirpanthis, iii.
315-
Tellicherri, historic town and seaport in
Madras, xiii. 237, 238.
Temperature of various meteorological
stations in India, article ' India,' vi.
647-649. See also Meteorology of
India, Meteorological statistics, and
section Climate or Medical aspects in
each District article.
Temple, Sir R., Minute on the balance of
Indian trade, article 'India,' vi. 581-
583. Local notices—\At.\A.-Qov&xxvox of
Bengal (1874-77), ii. 279, quoted, on
the tanks of Bhandara, ii. 360 ; on the
lakes of the Central Provinces, iii.
299 ; Chief Commissioner of the
Central Provinces (1864-67), iii. 320 ;
quoted, on the return of emigrants
from Nagpur to Berar, v. 265 ; recom-
mended the recognition of the hill
chiefs of Hoshangabad as tdlukddrs, v.
446 ; laid foundation stone of the water-
works at Karachi (1880), vii. 460 ; his
visit to Sambalpur (1863), xii. 181 ;
quoted, on the storm of 1876 in
Sandwip Island, xii. 213.
Temples, Hindu, worthy of notice,
Achenkoil, i. 12 ; Addanki, i. 13 ;
Old Agartala, i. 58 ; Agashi, i. 58 ;
Ahiyari, i. 82 ; Aihar, i. ill; Ahoba-
1am, i. no; Ajapal, near Ajmere, i.
119 ; Ajodhya, i. 135 ; Alagar Hill, i.
161 ; Allahabad, i. 198 ; Alwar, i.
206 ; Amarkantak, i. 2IO ; Amarnath,
i. 210, 211 ; Ambasamudram, i. 226 ;
Amber, i. 229 ; Amner, i. 245 ; Am-
raoti, i. 251 ; in Anantapur, i. 273,
274 ; Andipatti, i. 288 ; Angadipuram,
i. 289 ; Anjangaon, i. 290 ; Anjar, i.
291 ; Ankola, i. 293 ; Annamarazpet,
i. 293 ; Antravedi, i. 294 ; Anwa, i.
295 ; Appekondu, i. 296 ; Ariankavu,
i. 329 ; Ariapad, i. 329, 330 ; Arni, i.
332 ; Arsikere, i. 335 ; Asivvan, i. 340 ;
INDEX.
1^2,
Athirala, i. 377 ; Atranji Khera, i.
3S0 ; Bachireddipalem, i. 406 ; Bad-
rinath, i. 410, 41 1 ; Bahuleshwar, i.
436 ; Bakesvvar, i. 449 ; Baksar, i.
450 ; Baldeva, ii. 11 ; Balighatiam, ii.
13 ; Balrampur, ii. 26 ; Banavasi, ii.
45 ; Banganga, ii. 72 ; Bansbaria, ii.
98; Barabar Hills, ii. 115 ; Bardwan,
ii. 130 ; Baroda, ii. 172 ; Barsana, ii.
176 ; Barur, ii. 178 ; Basim, ii. 189 ;
Basinakonda, ii. 189 ; Bastar, ii. 206 ;
Bechraji, ii. 222 ; Begamabad, ii. 223 ;
Behti Kalan, ii. 229 ; Belur, ii. 252 ;
Benares, ii. 265 ; Bettadpur, ii. 327 ;
Beyt, ii. 336 ; Bhadrachalam, ii. 339 ;
Bhagamandal, ii. 353 ; Bhairoghati, ii.
356 ; Bhatala, ii. 376 ; Bhavani, ii.
3S3 ; Bheraghat, ii. 386 ; Bhilsa, ii.
393 ; Bhimaveram, ii. 396 ; Bhim
Ghora, ii. 397 ; Bhisi, ii. 399 ; Bhuv-
aneswar, ii. 417, 418; Bijbharu, ii.
426 ; Biligiri-rangan, ii. 457 ; Bishan-
pur Narhan Khas, iii. 16 ; Bodhan, iii.
23 ; Brindaban, iii. 100 ; Broach, iii.
115; Budhata, iii. 128; Bundi, iii.
160 ; Calcutta, iii. 251 ; Champaner,
iii. 333;. Chamrajnagar, iii. 345;
Chamrauli, iii. 345 ; Chamundibetta,
iii. 345 ; Chanda, iii. 356 ; Chandod,
iii. 360 ; Chanraypatna, iii. 369 ; Chel-
lakere, iii. 379 ; Chhipia, iii. 403 ;
Chilambaram, iii. 413, 414 ; Chint-
purni, iii. 420 ; Chitarkot, iii. 429,
430 ; Chopra, iii. 457 ; Chutia, iii.
461 ; Coimbatore, iv. 22 ; Comba-
conum, iv. 24 ; Conjevaram, iv. 26 ;
Dakhineswar, iv. 96 ; Dalmau, iv. 100 ;
in Damoh, iv. 112 ; in Danta, iv. 118 ;
Dantewara, iv. 118; Daudnagar, iv.
158; Debi Patan, iv. 164; Dehra, iv.
168 ; Deo, iv. 198 ; Deoband, iv. 199 ;
Deogarh, iv. 201, 202 ; Deolia, iv.
204 ; Deonthal, iv. 204 ; Deoprayag,
iv. 204 ; Deori, iv. 205 ; Devaray-
diirga, iv. 232 ; Devjagam, iv. 234 ;
Devvalwara, iv. 235 ; Dewas, iv. 237 ;
Dharapuram, iv. 251 ; Dharwar, iv.
267 ; Dholpur, iv. 278 ; Dilvvara, iv.
289 ; Dubrajpur, iv. 318 ; Dvvarka, iv.
327 ; Etawah, iv. 379 ; Gangal, iv.
466 ; Gangawali, iv. 466 ; Gangotri,
iv. 477 ; Garhmukhtesar, v. 16 ;
Gauhati, v. 35 ; Ghatampur, v. 57 ;
Ghaziabad, v. 61 ; Gobardhan, v. 121 ;
Gogunda, v. 140 ; Gokarn, v. 142 ;
Gopalswami-betta, v. 162 ; Gumgaon,
v. 198 ; Guruvayur, v. 225 ; Hajo, v.
292 ; Halebid, v. 295 ; Hampi, v. 308 ;
Hango, V. 310; Hardwar, v. 331;
Harihar, v. 338 ; Hiremagaliir, v. 423 ;
Hodal, V. 438 ; Hospet, v. 459 ;
Ikkeri, v. 508 ; Jaintiapur, vii. 50 ;
Jaitpur, vii. 71; Jajmau, vii. 72;
Jalpesh, vii. 118 ; Jambukeswaram, vii.
120, 121 ; Jamner, vii. 131 ; Jaswant-
nagar, vii. 147 ; Jawalamukhi, vii.
162 ; Jessor, vii. 192 ; Jodhpur, vii.
246 ; Jogi-ghopa, vii. 247 ; Joshinath,
vii. 248 ; Kadiri, vii. 281 ; Kalahasti,
vii. 321. 322; Kalasa, vii. 323; Kali-
ghat, vii. 326 ; Kalrayan Hills, vii.
343 ; Kalsubai, vii. 344 ; Kamakhya,
vii. 349 ; Kanera, vii. 407 ; Kangra,
vii. 430 ; Kankanhalli, vii. 434 ; Kan-
khal, vii. 434 ; Kankraoli, vii. 435 ;
Kapadwanj, vii. 440 ; Karaimadai, vii.
462 ; Karakal, vii, 463 ; Karonbas,
vii. 465 ; Karanja (Berar), vii. 468 ;
Karauli, vii. 475 ; Karnagarh, viii.
17, 18; Karnprayag, viii. 32; Kari'ir,
viii. 52 ; Karvvi, viii. 57 ; Kasipur, viii.
82 ; Katol, viii. 100 ; Kedarnath, viii.
109; Keladi, viii. no; Kera, viii.
116; Keslabori, viii. 118; Khajuha,
viii. 140 ; Khajurahu, viii. 140 ; Kha-
lari, viii. 141 ; Khambhalia, viii. 142 ;
Khandwa, viii. 162 ; Kharaila, viii.
165 ; Khatmandu, viii. 183, 184 ;
Khed, viii. 187 ; Kheralu, viii. 1S9 ;
Kiching, viii. 215 ; Kirnapur, viii. 221 ;
Kishangarh, viii. 223 ; Kolhapur, viii.
285 ; Kopilas, viii. 294 ; Kotappa-
konda, viii. 309 ; Kotar, viii. 310 ;
Kurai, viii. 367, 368 ; Kurugodu, viii.
374 ; Lanji, viii. 461 ; Lohardar^a,
viii. 482 ; Machhligaon, viii. 533 ;
Madaria, viii. 538 ; Madgiri, viii.
540 ; Madhapur, viii. 541 ; Madhyar-
junam, viii. 544 ; Madura, ix. 133 ;
Mahaban, ix. 151, 152 ; Mahasu, ix.
168; IMahavinyaka, ix. 170; Mahoba,
ix. 183 ; Malinagar, ix. 258 ; Malot,
ix. 263 ; Malur, ix. 266 ; Mandhata,
ix. 294 ; Mannargudi, ix. 338 ; Mar-
kandi, ix. 347 ; Mawana, ix. 376 ;
Melukote, ix. 404 ; Merkara, ix. 414 ;
Misrikh, ix. 467 ; ]\Iohanlalganj, ix.
473 ; Mohgaon, ix. 474 ; Mohne, ix.
476 ; Mulbagal, ix. 537 ; Muli, ix.
538 ; Muttra, x. 54 ; Muzaffarpur, x.
83, 84 ; Nachiarkovil, x. 128 ; Nadaun,
x. 128; Nagpur, x. 174; Nalatwar, x.
182; Nallamalai Hills, X. 186; Nandi,
X. 190 ; Nanguneri, x. 196 ; Nanjan-
gad, x. 196 ; Naraina, x. 201 ; Nare-
gal, X. 211; Narsingha, x. 215;
Narsinghpur, x. 224 ; Narsipur, x. 226 ;
Nasik, X. 236 ; Nathdwara, x. 240 ;
Neri, x. 291 ; Nimkhar, x. 336 ; Nir-
gunda, X. 337 ; Oel, x. 421 ; Puri in
Orissa, x. 447, 448, xi. 316, 317 ;
Pachmarhi, x. 522 ; Padmanabham, x.
525 ; Paithan, x. 530 ; Panahat, xi.
25 ; Pandharpur, xi. 37 ; Pandrinton,
xi. 38, 39 ; Panna, xi. 51 ; Papanas-
ham, xi. 53 ; Parnasala, xi. 65 ; Par-
324
INDEX.
seoni, xi. 67 ; Keshorai Patan, xi. 82,
83 ; Patan in Nepal, xi. 83 ; Pauni, xi.
120; Penukonda, xi. 135; Perur, xi.
141 ; Phaljar, xi. 164 ; Pimpalgaon
Kaja, xi. iSo ; Pinjar, xi. 1S4 ; Prak-
asha, xi. 223 ; Pukhra, xi. 239 ; Pur-
andhar, xi. 297 ; Pusad, xi. 335 ;
Pushkar, xi. 335 ; Raidrug, xi. 361 ;
Raipur, xi. 377 ; Rajapur, xi. 386 ;
Rajim, xi. 388 ; Rameswaram, xi.
443-445 ; Ramtek, xi. 466, 467 ; In-
gara in Rangi, xi. 471 ; Rangpur
(Assam), xi. 502 ; Rasan, xi. 513 ;
Rattihalli, xii. 14 ; Rayachoti, xii. 40 ;
Remuna, xii. 43 ; Ritpur, xii. 58 ;
Rohtasgarh, xii. 78 ; Rojhi, xii. 79 ;
Ron, xii. 79 ; Rudra Prayag, xii. 81 ;
Rupnath, xii. 85 ; Sadabad, xii. 91 ;
Sakit, xii. 146 ; Sambalpur, xii. 185,
186 ; of Kamaraswami in Sandur,
xii. 208, 209 ; Sankeswar, xii. 222 ;
Sankisa, xii. 223, 224 ; Sarahan, xii.
249 ; Sarwan, xii. 272 ; Savali, xii.
292 ; Sayla, xii. 299 ; Senhati, xii.
307 ; Seori Narayan, xii. 317 ; Shibi,
xii. 385 ; Shikarpur, xii. 396 ; Shing-
napur, xii. 406 ; Sholinghar, xii. 423 ;
Sialkot, xii. 451 ; Siddhaur, xii. 473 ;
Siddheswar, xii. 474 ; Sihonda, xii.
476 ; Sindkher, xii. 527 ; Singeswar-
than, xii. 541 ; Sinhachalam, xii. 543 ;
Sinnar, xii. 545 ; Sirakot, xii. 550 ;
Sitamarhi, xiii. 26 ; Sitapur, xiii. 39 ;
Sivaganga, xiii. 41 ; Somnath, xiii. 50 ;
Somnathpur, xiii. 51 ; Soron, xiii. 67 ;
Srinagar (N. -W. Provinces), xiii, 78;
Sringeri, xiii. 79 ; Srirangam, xiii. 80,
81 ; Srivaikuntham, xiii. 82 ; Sultan-
ganj, xiii. 95 ; Surat, xiii. 135 ; in
Sylhet, xiii. 149 ; Tadpatri, xiii. 160 ;
Tale-kaveri, xiii. 166 ; Taliparamba,
xiii. 167 ; Talkad, xiii. 168 ; Talsana,
xiii. 169; Tamliik, xiii. 172, 173;
Tanjore, xiii. 195, 196 ; Tarahwan,
xiii. 207; Tarakesvvar, xiii. 211, 212 ;
Taroli, xiii. 216; Tawa, xiii. 235;
Tehri, xiii. 236 ; Tekalkota, xiii. 236 ;
Tenkasi, xiii. 242 ; Tlian, xiii. 248 ;
Tliana Bhawan, xiii. 259 ; Tikri, xiii.
295 ; Tinnevelli, xiii. 312 ; Tirkan-
ambi, xiii. 322 ; Tiriichendiir, xiii.
323 ; Tiruchengod, xiii. 324 ; Tirupati,
xiii. 325, 326 ; Tirutani, xiii. 327 ;
Tiruvalur, xiii. 328 ; Tiruvannamalai,
xiii. 329 ; Tiruvattiir, xiii. 329 ; Tirvva,
xiii. 330 ; Trichinopoli, xiii. 364 ;
Trichur, xiii. 365 ; Trivandrum, xiii.
368; Tukresvvari Hill, xiii. 371, 372;
Udaipur, xiii. 410 ; Eklingi, xiii. 411 ;
Old Udaipur, xiii. 413 ; Udipa, xiii.
416 ; Umananda, xiii. 419 ; Umarkher,
xiii. 420 ; Upmaka, xiii. 438 ; Uttur,
xiii. 459 ; Vellore, xiii. 469 ; Vempalli,
xiii. 469 ; Viruddhachalam, xiii. 4S0 ;
Vontimitta, xiii. 503 ; Waigaon, xiii.
510; Wairagarh, xiii. 513; Wun, xiii.
546 ; Yadiki, xiii. 547 ; Yedator, xiii.
550 ; Yelandiir, xiii. 552. See also
Cave and Rock Temples.
Temples, Ruined, Hindu, Arang, i. 306;
Belagavi, ii. 230 ; Bhadreswar, ii. 340 ;
Baroli, near Bhainsror, ii. 356 ; Chain-
pur, iii. 324 ; Chitor, iii. 431 ; Dalmi,
iv. 100 ; Debi Patan, iv. 164 ; Gang-
aikandapur, iv. 465 ; Gingi, v. 82 ;
Gundlupet, v. 203 ; Halebid, v. 295 ;
Harnhalli, v. 341 ; Hasan Abdal, v.
342 ; Hundah, near Hingoli, v. 422 ;
Jajpur, vii. 73 ; Jiiba, vii. 253 : Kabrai,
vii. 266 ; Kachola, vii. 278 ; Kafirkot,
vii. 292 ; Kaidala, vii. 295 ; Kalinjar,
vii. 336 ; Kamalapusam, vii. 349 ;
Kaman, vii. 350, 351 ; Kanarak, vii.
384, 385 ; Kakar in Kankrej, vii. 435 ;
Katas, viii. 87 ; Khajiirahu, viii. 140 ;
Kiching, viii. 215 ; Kodungalur, viii.
241 ; Korigi, viii. 300 ; Kotal, viii.
302, 303 ; Kotaha, viii. 308 ; Kubatti'ir,
viii. 318 ; Kuruda-male, viii. 374 ; in
Lalitpur, viii. 421 ; Magadi, ix. 136;
Mahabalipur, ix. 144-147; Mahen-
dragiri, ix. 174; Maisaram, ix. 213;
Malur, ix. 266 ; Panchkot in Man-
bhum, ix. 282 ; Mandhata, ix. 295,
296; Mangalvedha, ix. 315; Matan,
ix. 360, 361 ; Multan, x. II, 12 ; Nag-
amangala, x. 154 ; on the Nallamalai
Hills, X. 185 ; Phaphund, xi. 166 ;
Pusad, xi. 335 ; Rahatgarh, xi. 346 ;
Ramgarh Hill, xi. 447 ; Tsandavolu in
Repalli, xii. 44 ; Rudrapur, xii. 81 ;
Saham, xii. II3 ; Salimpur, xii. 167 ;
in Seoni, xii. 310, 311 ; Simraon, xii.
501 ; Sitakund, xiii. 25 ; Somnathpur,
xiii. 51 ; Surajpur, xiii. 107 ; Tezpur,
xiii. 244 ; Udayagiri, xiii. 415 ; Umrer,
xiii. 423 ; Uttiranmerur, xiii. 459.
Temples, Jain, Mount Abii, i. 7 - 12 ;
Ahmadabad, i. 95 ; Ajodhya, i. 134 ;
Alwar, i. 206 ; Azimganj, i. 402 ;
Banda, ii. 55; Bavvangaja Hill, ii. 181;
Beria, ii. 326 ; Bhadreswar, ii. 340 ;
Bhagalpur, ii. 352 ; Brindaban, iii.
100; Bundi, iii. 160; Chansama, iii.
369 ; Chaprauli, iii. 370 ; Charra, iii.
372 ; Kundalpur in Damoh, iv. 112 ;
Datia, iv, 157 ; Deolia, iv. 204 ;
Dugari, iv. 318; Girnar, v. 86; Gohana,
V. 141 ; Jais, vii, 65 ; Jaisalmer, vii.
70 ; Kapadwanj, vii. 440 ; Karakal,
vii. 463 ; Katra Medniganj, viii. loi ;
Khandgiri, viii. 159 ; Khatauli, viii.
181 ; Khekera, viii. 187 ; Khurja, viii.
212; Kumalgarh, viii. 345; in Lalitpur,
viii. 452 ; Matar, ix. 361 ; Mau, ix.
368 ; Mudbidri, ix. 525 ; Nadol, x.
INDEX.
325
142 ; Satrunjaya Hill in Patitana, xi.
4-10 ; Parasnath, xi. 57, 58 ; Partab-
garh (Rajputana), xi. 77 ; Anhihvara
Patan, xi. 82 ; Pisangan, xi. 188 ;
Pokaran, xi. 195 ; Rajagriha, xi. 381 ;
Rakabdev, xi. 439 ; Rampur, xi. 460 ;
Rampura, xi. 461, 462 ; Ranipet, xi.
509 ; Rinahi, xii. 79 ; Sanganer, xii.
217 ; Sardhana, xii. 267 ; Sarsaganj,
xii. 271 ; Sirpur, xiii. 8 ; Sonpat, xiii.
63; Talaja, xiii. 163; Terdal, xiii. 242.
Temples, Ruined, Jain, Ahar, i. 81 ;
Ajaigarh, i. 112; Boram, iii. 88;
. Budhpur, iii. 128 ; Daulatabad, iv.
158; Gwalior, v. 235 ; Kalinjera, vii.
337 ; Khandwa, viii. 162 ; Mahoba, ix.
183 ; Mandhata, ix. 296 ; Mandor, ix.
309; Masar, ix. 351 ; Palma, xi. 14;
Pawagarh, xi. 121 ; .Sahet Mahet, xii.
127 ; in Thar and Parkar, xiii. 267.
Temples, Parsi Fire, Ahmadnagar, i.
109 ; Nosari, x. 405 ; Surat, xiii. 135.
See also Towers of Silence.
Temples, Sikh, Amritsar, i. 264 ; Dera
Xanak, iv. 228 ; Laharpur, viii. 401 ;
Machiwara, viii. 535 ; Ramdas, xi.
441 ; Sialkot, xii. 451, 452 ; Tarn
Taran, xiii. 215.
Tenancy (Bengal) Bill, article ' India,' vi.
429.
Tenant-right in Bengal, compensation for
disturbance, article ' India, ' vi. 444, 445.
Tenasserim, Division in Lower Burma,
xiii. 238, 239.
Tenasserim, township in Burma, xiii. 239.
Tenasserim, ancient town in Burma, xiii.
239, 240.
Tenasserim, river of Lower Burma, xiii.
240, 241.
Tendukhera, town and iron foundry in
Central Provinces, xiii. 241.
Tenkarai, town and taluk in Madras, xiii.
241.
Tenkarai. See Periakulam.
Tenkaraikottai, village in Madras, xiii.
241-
Tenkasi, taluk in Madras, xiii. 241.
Tenkasi, town and temple in INIadras,
xiii. 242.
Tennali, village in Madras, xiii. 242.
Tennant, Mr., quoted, on the state of
Oudh under Asaf-ud-daula, viii. 508 ;
on Shahabad in 1799, xii. 335.
Tennasserim. See Tenasserim.
Tent-factory at Fatehgarh, iv. 421 ; Jabal-
pur, vii. 35, 37.
Tenures, land, etc. See Agricultural
section of each District article, and
especially Ahmadabad {tdlukddn), i.
89, 90 ; Ahmadnagar (survey), i. I02,
103 ; Ajmere-Merwara {khdlsd, istim-
rdri, bhiim), i. 126, 127 ; Akola, i.
144; Aligarh {tdlukddri), i. 173, 174;
Allahabad {zaminddrl, pattiddri, bhd-
ydchdra), i. 190; Ambala (chahdrain\
i. 221 ; Amraoti (survey), i. 248 ;
North Arcot, i. 318; Ass^xnitiiirdsddri,
mauzdddri), i. 362 ; Azamgarh {zamin-
ddrl, pattiddri, ' imperfect pattiddri,'
bhdydchdra), i. 398 ; Bahraich (tdluk
ddrl), i. 431, 432 ; Bakarganj [jangal-
buri, nlm, ansat, mb-dsh karshd, kaiini
karshd, ijdrd), i. 446 ; Balasor, ii. 7 ;
Ballia, ii. 21 ; Bankura (ghdtwdll), ii,
83, 84 ; Bannu {khula ves/i), ii. 95 ;
Baroda (rdyatwdrl, jiatiudddrl, bJtdg-
dd7'i), ii. 164-166 ; Basti (zamUiddrl,
pattiddri, bhdydchdra), ii. 211, 212;
Htng^LV^zaminddrl ,patnidd!-i ,ijd7-ddd)-i) ,
ii. 306 ; Bhagalpur [zaminddrl, Idk-
hlrdj, ghdtiudll), ii. 349 ; Bogra
{zaminddrl, Idkhlrdj), iii. 29 ; Bombay
(survey, tdlukddri, ludnta, na7~i.vdddrl ,
indlekl, khSts), iii. 57 ; Broach [bhdg-
ddrl), iii. 106 ; Budaun {zaminddrl,
pattiddri, bhdydchdra), iii. 121 ; Bul-
dana (rdyat7vdi-i, khiitaddi-l), iii. 146 ;
Lower Burma, iii. 192 ; Cachar {khels,
mlrdsddrl), iii. 236, 237 ; Central Pro-
vinces {zaminddrl, malguzdrl), iii. 318;
Chengalpat(saw/«a'i:i;7, mitta,shotriam,
Diandyam, ijdrd), iii. 385 ; Cuddapah
()-dyatwdri), iv. 52; Darjiling {jotddrl,
tea-leases), iv. 134, 135; V)€[\i\ {bhdyd-
chdra), iv. 183 ; Dharwar (survey), iv.
262 ; Dholpur {lambarddrl), iv. 274 ;
Faizabad {tdlukddri), iv. 385 ; Farid-
pur {gdti), iv. 404 ; Gangpur, iv. 478,
479 ; Ganjam {rdyat^udri, koshtgutta,
mustazdrl), v. 7 ; Gonda {tdlukddri),
v. 153 ; Gorakhpur, v. 168, 169 ;
Gumsur (the pdiks), v, 199 ; Berar
{batai or "metayer"), v. 269; Herat
(khasila, arbabl), v. 392 ; Hoshang-
abad {tdlukddri), v. 446; Jaipur {zarnln-
ddri), vii. 62, 63; Jalpaiguri {zaminddrl,
jotddrl), vii. II4; Jehlam (bhdydchdra),
vii. 123 ; Jessor {mukarrdrl), vii. 188 ;
Jodpur {bdpi, tnangli, hdsili, sdsan,
pasaita, jdglri, bhiim), vii. 243; Kaira
(rdstl, tnehwdsl, narvdddri), vii. 304,
305 ; South Kanara {wargddri, mi'd-
geni, chalgeni), vii. 381; Karnal {bhdyd-
chdra), viii. 24 ; Karniil {7-dyat7i<drl,
jdglr, shot7-la/n, dasabandha77i), viii. 39 ;
Khulna {tdlukddri), viii. 207 ; Kolaba
{khoti), viii. 266 ; Kotah, viii, 306 ;
Kuch Behar {Jotddri, chaukd7iiddrl ,
ddhid7-i), viii. 323, 324 ; Kulu, viii.
343 ; Kumaun, viii. 355 ; Larkhana
{zat7il7iddrl), viii. 464 ; Lucknow
{za/nl/iddrl, bhdydchdra), viii. 498,
499; Ludhiana (pattiddri), viii. 523 ;
Madras {rdyatwdrl), ix. 44-49, {za7iiitt-
ddri), ix. 51, {i7ui>/i), ix. 51, 52;
Malabar {jan7iia7n), ix. 231, 232 ;
326
INDEX.
Maldah {lakhiraj. Ml hasild), ix. 245 ;
Malwa, ix. 270 ; Midnapur (jalpai,
pdikdn, arzi piyddd's jdgirs), ix. 429 ;
Monghyr {hhdoli-jot), ix. 485 ; Mont-
gomery {zaminddri, pattiddy-i, bhdyd-
chdrd), ix. 499 ; Murshidabad [rdmnds,
tithandi, bhog-jot), x. 27 ; Muttra (im-
perfect zamtJiddrl and bhdydchdra), x.
49 ; Muzaffarnagar [paltiddri), x. 73 ;
Mysore State {rdyatiudi-i, indm, cofitee
leases), x. 103-105 ; Nadiya {utbandi),
X. 136, 137 ; Nepal, x. 279, 280 ;
Nilgiri Hills {rdyatwdri, etc.), x. 319-
321 ; Noakhali {dbddkdri hdwdlas,
dbddkdri tdluks), x. 348; N. -\V. Pro-
vinces (zamiiiddri, pattiddi'i, bhdyd-
chdra), X. 383-387 ; Oudh {tdlukddri,
zaminddri, pattiddri, bhdydchdra), x.
504, 505 ; Pabna (jotddri, bargdddri),
X. 516; Patgram {iipanchaki), xi. 85;
Pishin, xi. 191, 192; Punjab, xi. 281-
286; Purniah {hdl - hasli), xi. 327; Rai
Bareli (tdlukddri, zamitiddrt), xi. 357 ;
Kajputana [bhtim, etc.), xi. 418-420 ;
Rajshahi, xi. 434, 435; Rangpur
{upanchaki, mazkiiri), xi. 497 ; Rat-
nagiri {khoti), xii. 9, 10 ; Rawal Pindi
{zaintnddri, lehtri), xii. 30 ; Rohtak
{bhdydchdra, tappaddri), xii. 73 ; Sa-
haranpur, xii, 120, 121 ; Salem [kaiil,
mittdddri), \\\. 156, 157; Shahjahan-
pur [zaminddti, pattiddri), xii. 350 ;
Shahpur {bhdydchdra), xii. 365, 366 ;
Sikkim, xii. 486, 487 ; Sind, xii. 521 ;
Singhbhiim {zaminddri, khoroposh,
ghdtivdli, chakrdn, khiint katti), xii.
538 ; Sirohi, xiii. 5, 6 ; Sitapur {tdluk-
ddri), xiii. 35, 36 ; Sylhet {tiiirdsddri),
xiii. 155; Thana (,('/4(?/'/, isdfat, shilotri),
xiii. 255, 266; Tipperah {bargdddri),
xiii. 318, 319; Txa.\a.ncoxe {rdyatzi'dri,
imini), xiii. 349 ; Unao {bhdydchdra),
xiii. 433, 434; VVun {)-dyatzudri, jdgir-
ddri, pdlaiiipdt), xiii. 543.
Tepagarii, hill range, fort, and ruins in
Central Provinces, xiii. 242.
Tarda), town in Bombay, xiii. 242.
Teri, town and tahsil in Punjab, xiii.
242, 243.
Teri. See Orchha.
Teri Toi, river in Punjab, xiii. 243.
Terwara, Native State and town in Bom-
bay, xiii. 243, 244.
Teveram, town in Madras, xiii. 244.
Tez-pdt, or bay leaves, grown in Assam, i.
362 ; Khasi Hills, viii. 177.
Tezpur, town and ruined temples in
Assam, xiii. 244.
Tlia-baung, township in Burma, xiii. 244.
Tha-bye-hla, village in Burma, xiii. 245.
Thackeray, Mr. R., father of the novelist,
Collector of Jessor (1805), vii. 185'.
Thackeray, Mr. St. John, monument to,
at Dharwar, iv. 267 ; special commis-
sioner to settle Ganjam (1819), v. 4;
murdered at Kitliir (1824), viii. 237 ;
special commissioner to put down
rising in Parla Kimedi (1819), xi. 64.
Thackwell, Gen. Sir Joseph, turned the
Sikh position at Sadullapur, v. 190 ;
his engagement there (1849), xii. 97.
Tha-ga-ra, township in Burma, xiii. 245.
Thagi or professional strangling. Sup-
pression of, by Lord William Bentinck,
article ' India,' vi. 405. See also
Sleeman.
Tha-htun. See Tha-tun.
Thakeswari. See Tukreswari.
Tha-khwot-peng. See Tha-kut-pin.
Thakurani, mountain in Orissa, xiii. 245.
Thakurdwara, town and tahsil in N.-W.
Provinces, xiii. 245, 246.
Thakurpukur, mission station in Bengal,
xiii. 246.
Thakurs, aboriginal hill tribe in Kolaba,
viii. 265 ; Matheran Hill, ix. 364 ;
Nasik, X. 231.
Thakurtola, estate in Central Provinces,
xiii. 246.
Tha-kut-pin, tidal creek in Burma, xiii.
246, 247.
Thai, port and fishing station in Bombay,
xiii. 247.
Tha-le-dan, river in Burma, xiii. 247.
Thalghat, hill pass in Bombay, xiii. 247,
248 ; article ' India,' vi. 37.
Thammapatti, town in Madras, xiii. 248.
Than, ancient town in Kathiawar, xiii.
248, 249.
Thana, District in Bombay, xiii. 249-258;
physical aspects, 249-251; history,
251 ; population, 251-254; Christians,
252, 253 ; agriculture, 254-256 ; com-
munications, 256; commerce and trade,
256, 257; administration, 257; medical
aspects, 258.
Thana, historic town in Bombay, xiii.
258, 259; a Jesuit station (1550), its
colony of Christian craftsmen and
cultivators, article ' India, 'vi. 247, 248.
Thana, town in Oudh, xiii. 259.
Thana Bhawan, historic town in N.-W.
Provinces, xiii. 259.
Thandiani, hill station and sanitarium in
Punjab, xiii. 259.
Thaneswar, ancient town and place of
pilgrimage in Punjab, xiii. 259-261.
Thdni rdyats, or resident husbandmen,
article ' India,' vi. 48.
Than Lakhtar. See Lakhtar.
Than-lyin. See Syriam.
Thara. See Kankrej.
Tharad, Native State and town in Bom-
bay, xiii. 261.
Thar and Parkar, District in Sind, Bom-
bay, xiii. 261-271 ; physical aspects,
INDEX.
327
261-264; liistor)', 264-266; population,
266, 267; antiquities, 267; agriculture,
268, 269 ; communications, 269 ; com-
merce, 270 ; administration, 270 ;
climate, etc., 271.
Tharawadi, District in Lower Burma,
xiii. 271-274 ; physical aspects, 271,
272; population, 272, 273; agriculture,
273 ; administration, 273, 274 ; medical
aspects, 274.
Thariaghat, village in Assam, xiii, 274.
Tharrawaddy. See Tharawadi.
Tharus, aboriginal tribe in Ballia, ii. 25 ;
Champaran, iii. 338, 340, 342 ; the
Diin valley, iv. 321 ; Gonda, v. 15 1 ;
Gorakhpur, v. 164 ; Nepal, x. 279 ;
Oudh, X. 485 ; Tarai, xiii, 208, 209 ;
Tulsipur, xiii. 373.
Tharu Shat, town in Sind, xiii. 274.
Thathayangarpet, town in Madras, xiii.
274-
Thatheras, Colony of, at Sarai Akil, xii.
249;
Thatia, town in N.-W. Provinces, xiii,
274, 275.
Thatia Tirwa. See Tirwa.
Thato. See Tatta.
Tha-tun, ancient town and township in
Burma, xiii. 275.
Thauk-ye-gat, river in Burma, xiii. 275, 276.
Thaung-yin, river in Burma, xiii. 276.
Thayet-myo, District in Lower Burma,
xiii. 276 - 287 ; physical aspects, 276-
279 ; history, 279 ; population, 280-
283 ; the Chins or Kyins, 280-282 ;
agriculture, 283 - 285 ; cotton, 284 ;
commerce, etc., 285, 286 ; administra-
tion, 286 ; medical aspects, 286, 287.
Thayet-myo, township in Burma, xiii. 287.
Thayet-myo, town and cantonment in
Burma, xiii. 287, 288.
Theebaw, last king of Burma (1878), his
murders, iii. 228 ; his despotism and
deposition, ix. 291,
Theistic movements in Vishnuite religious
reforms, vi, 223 ; theistic hymns, \-i,
332, 333-
Theog, estate and station in Punjab, viii.
288.
Thevenot, i\L, quoted, on caves of
EUora (1667), iv. 349 ; on Goa, v.
103, 104 ; on Berar, v. 263.
Thi-kwin, township in Burma, xiii, 288.
Thorn, Major, laid out the lines for the
cantonment at Deoli, iv. 203.
Thomas the Apostle, Thomas the Mani-
chsean, and Thomas the Armenian
merchant, conversion of India variously
ascribed to. See article ' India,' vi.
chap. ix. , ' Christianity in India,' 229-
238.
Thomas, Mr. E., Paper on the Sah and
Gupta coins, in the Report of the
Archaeological Survey of Western India
for 1874-75, quoted, article ' India,' vi.
147 (footnote); 172 (footnotes i and 2);
175 (footnote 3) ; 182 (footnotes I and
4) ; Jainism, or the Early Faith of
Asoka, 160 (footnote) ; Revenue Re-
sources of the Alughal Empire, 271
(footnote) ; 297 (footnote 2) ; 299, 301
(footnote l); 304,305 (footnote); 311
(footnote) ; Chronicle of the Patluin
Kings of Delhi, 271 (footnote), 280,
281 (footnote) ; 285 (footnute 3) ; 287
(footnote 2) ; 291 (footnote) ; 29S
(footnote 2),
Thomas, George, adventurer in the i8th
century, took Beri, ii. 326 ; and Bhat-
nair, ii. 378 ; conquered Bhattiana, ii,
379 ; built Georgegarh, v. 54, other-
wise called Jahazgarh, vii. 45 ; made
Hansi his head-quarters, v. 311 ; ruled
Haridna (1795-1802), when driven out
by Bourquien, v. 337 ; ruled Hissar
District, v, 428 ; restored Hissar
town, V. 434 ; granted Karnal by the
Marathas (1795), viii, 21 ; assisted
Marathas in capture of Lakhnauti
(1794), viii. 441 ; repulsed Sikhs from
Ludhiana,viii. 520; appointed 'Warden
of the Marches' by the Marathas (1788),
X. 69 ; in Patiala, xi. 89 ; in Raikot,
xi. 364; and Saharanpur, xii. 1 17;
commanded Begam Samru's troops at
battle of Gokalgarh (1788), and
restored her to power (1796), xii. 265 ;
article on, by H. G. Keene, referred
to, xii. 266 ; in Shaikhawati, xii. 372 ;
stormed Shamli (1794), xii. 375 ;
practically conquered the Ghaggar
valley, xiii. 11, 12.
Thomas, Capt., killed in Rangpur (1773),
xi. 492.
Thomason, John, Lieut. - Governor of
N.-W. Provinces, encouraged primary
education there, x. 403.
Thompson, Sir A. Rivers, Lieut. -Governor
of Bengal, ii. 279 ; Chief Commissioner
of British Burma (1875-78), iii. 176.
Thompson, Col., repelled Gurkha attack
on Deonthal (1815), in which Bhagtia
Thapa was killed, iv. 204.
Thomson, Dr, T., first European who
crossed the Karakoram Pass (1848),
his description of it, vii. 463, 464.
Thon-gwa, District in Lower Burma, xiii.
288-292 ; physical aspects, 288 ; his-
tory, 289 ; population, 289, 290 ;
agriculture, 291 ; administration, 291 ;
medical aspects, 292,
Thon-gwa, township in Burma, xiii. 292.
Thoonkwa. See Thon-gwa.
Thoresby, Major, Superintendent of
Bhattiana, founded and laid out town of
Sirsa (1837), xiii. 20.
328
INDEX.
Thorne, Major W. , Memoir of the War in
India conducted by Lord Lake, quoted,
vi. 317 (footnote i).
Thouk-re-gat. See Thauk-ye-gat.
Thoung-gyeng. See Thaung-yin.
Thovalai, taluk in Travancore, xiii. 292.
Thuillier, Gen. Sir H. G., surveyed the
Jaintia plains (1838-40), vii. 47.
Thul, town and taluk in Sind, xiii. 292,
293-
Thulendi, town in Oudh, xiii. 293.
Thummapatty. See Thammapatti.
Thiun-khwa. See Thon-gwa.
Tiagar, villageand fort in Madras, xiii. 293.
Tibetan ideas and early traditions of
Buddhism, article 'India,' vi. 176-178.
Tibeto-Burmans, non-Aryan tribes of the
lower Himalayas, their languages,
article ' India,' vi. 63, 68.
Tickell, Lieut. R. S., his description of the
short-tailed pangolin, referred to, ix.
279. _
Tieffenthaler, quoted, on Aurangabad
(Oudh), i. 386 ; on Gohad, v. 140 ;
Khairigarh, viii. 132 ; Mahaban,
ix. 151, 152; Murshidabad, x. 32;
Shahabad, xii. 332.
Tigar, taluk in Sind, xiii. 293.
Tigaria, Native State in Orissa, xiii. 294.
Tiger, The, article ' India,' vi. 652, 653;
man - eating tigers, vi. 653. Local
notices — Mount Abii, i. 6 ; Ahmadabad,
i. 84 ; Ahmadnagar, i. 100 ; Amgaon,
i. 232 ; Arakan Hill Tracts, i. 299 ;
North Arcot, i. 312; South Arcot, i.
320; Assam, i. 349; Bakarganj, i.
442 ; Baluchistan, ii. 36 ; Banda, ii.
47 ; Bankura, ii. 78, 79 ; Bannu, ii.
90; Bardwan, ii. 127 ; Basim, ii. 184;
Belgaum, ii. 232 ; Bellary, ii. 241 ;
Bhagalpur, ii. 343 ; Bhandara, ii. 361;
Bhutan, ii. 414 ; Bijnaur, ii. 429 ;
Bogra, iii. 26 ; Bonai, iii. 85 ; Buldana,
iii. 143 ; Upper Burma, iii. 212 ;
Cachar, iii. 234 ; Chang Bhakar, iii.
366 ; Chhindwara, iii. 399 ; Chital-
drug, iii. 423 ; _ Chittagong, Hi. 435 ;
Chittagong Hill Tracts, iii. 448 ;
Cochin, iv. 2 ; Coimbatore, iv. 15 ;
Coorg, iv. 32; Darjiling, iv. 130;
Darrang, iv. 142; Dehra Uun,iv. 169;
Dera Ghazi Khan, iv. 210 ; Dhar, iv.
246 ; Dharwar, iv. 259 ; Dinajpur, iv.
291 ; Dungarpur, iv. 323 ; Eastern
Dwars, iv. 329 ; Gangpur, iv. 478 ;
Garhwal, v. 17 ; Garo Hills, v. 26 ;
Gaya, v. 45 ; Western Ghats, v. 59 ;
Goalpara, v. 112; Godavari, v. 123;
Gonda, v. 147 ; Goona, v. 159 ;
Gorakhpur, v. 165 ; Gurdaspur, v. 207;
Gwalior, v. 229 ; Hamirpur, v. 298 ;
Hassan, v. 346 ; Hazaribagh, v. 370 ;
Hill Tipperah, v. 395 ; Indore, vii. 2;
Jalpaiguri, vii. 109 ; Jhansi, vii. 217 ;
Kadur, vii. 283 ; Kamriip, vii. 355 ;
North Kanara, vii. 370 ; South Kanara,
vii. 377 ; Kangra, vii. 413 ; Karauli,
vii. 471 ; Karniil, viii. 35, 36; Khair-
pur, viii. 133; Khandesh, viii. 150;
Khasi Hills, viii. 173; Kheri, viii.
190; Kistna, viii. 226; Kolaba, viii.
261; Korea, viii. 297; Kotah, viii. 304;
Kumaun, viii. 350; Lalitpur, viii. 447;
Larkhana, viii. 463 ; Lohardaga, viii.
477 ; Madras, ix. 8, 89 ; Madura, ix.
121 ; Maimansingh, ix. 192; Malabar,
ix. 220; Malwa, ix. 268; Manbhum,
ix. 279 ; Mandla, ix. 300, 301 ; Mani-
pur, ix. 325 ; Melghat, ix. 403 ;
Mergui, ix. 407 ; Mergui Archipelago,
ix. 412 ; Midnapur, ix. 425 ; Mirzapur,
ix. 453 ; Monghyr, ix. 481 ; Morad-
abad, ix. 505 ; MuzaSargarh, x. 58 ;
Mysore x. 115; Nadiya, x. 130;
Naga Hills, x. 143; Nallamalai Hills, x.
185 ; Nasik, x. 229 ; Nepal, x. 278 ;
Nllgiri Hills, x. 307 ; Nimar, x. 328 ;
Noakhali, x. 341 ; Oudh, x. 483 ;
Pabna, x. 512 ; Palkonda Hills, xi. ii;
Palni Mountains, xi. 17 ; Patna State,
xi. 115; Pilibhit, xi. 172; Poliir, xi.
197 ; Poona, xi. 200 ; Punjab, xi. 259;
Purara, xi. 299 ; Purniah, xi. 323 ;
Raipur, xi. 368 ; Rajshah', xi. 429 ;
Rampa, xi. 454 ; Rampur, xi. 455 ;
Rangpur, xi. 489 ; Ratnagiri, xii. 4 ;
Rewa Kantha, xii. 49 ; Sagar Island,
xii. no; Saharanpur, xii. 115 ; Sandur,
xii. 206 ; Sandur Hills, xii. 209 ; Santal
Parganas, xii. 227 ; Sarangarh, xii.
260 ; Satara, xii. 277 ; Sawantwari,
xii. 296 ; Shahabad, xii. 324 ; Shahpur,
xii. 361 ; Shevaroy Hills, xii. 383 ;
Shimoga, xii. 400 ; Sibsagar, xii. 460 ;
Sind, xii. 507 ; Singhbhum, xii. 531 ;
.Sirmur, xii. 554 ; Sirohi, xiii. 2 ;
Siwalik Hills, xiii. 43 ; the Sundarbans,
xiii. 109, 389 ; Surat, xiii. 120 ; Sylhet,
xiii. 145 ; Tavoy, xiii. 229 ; Thayet-
myo, xiii. 279 ; Tipperah, xiii. 313 ;
Travancore, xiii. 345 ; Tiimkur, xiii.
376 ; Upper Sind Frontier, xiii. 440 ;
Wun, xiii. 539.
Tijara, town and tahsil in Rajputana,
xiii. 294, 295.
Tikamgarh. See Tehri.
Tikari, town and estate in Bengal, xiii.
295.
Tikota, town in Bombay, xiii. 295.
Tikri, town in N.-W. Provinces, xiii.
295-
Tikri, village in N.-W. Provinces, xui.
295-
Tilain, hill range in Assam, xiii. 295.
Tile pottery of Punjab and Sind, article
• India,' vi. 608.
INDEX.
329
Tilhar, town and tahsil^'in X.-W. Pro-
vinces, xiii. 296.
Tiljuga, river of N. Behar, xiii. 296, 297.
Tilothu, sacred village and waterfall in
Bengal, xiii. 297.
Timarni, village in Central Provinces,
xiii. 297.
Timber, Centres of trade in, and depots
of, Alipur (Bengal), i. 180 ; Alleppi, i.
200 ; Amherst, i. 239 ; Aniipshahr, i.
295 ; Arikkod, i. 330 ; Bahramghat,
i. 433 ; Basra, ii. 190 ; Beypur, ii.
335 ; Bulsar, iii. 149 ; Calicut, iii. 269;
Daduya, iv. 318 ; Gangawali, iv. 466 ;
Gorakhpur, v. 173 ; Haliyal, v. 296 ;
Debiganj in Jalpaiguri, vii 115 ;
Jhalakati, vii. 197 ; Kairithi, vii. 367 ;
Maulmain, ix. 371, 372 ; Phillaur, xi.
168 ; Small Sadri, xii. 95 ; Taloda,
xiii. 168 ; Turtipar, xiii. 385.
Timber trees, article ' India,' v\. 34, 39,
41. See z\so Black wood, Pihi, Fyin-
gado, Shisham, and Teak.
Timeri, town in Madras, xiii. 297.
Timiir (Tamerlane), Invasion of (1398),
article ' India,' vi. 285. Local notices —
Conquered Afghanistan, i. 49 ; mas-
sacred a horde of Jats, ii. 372; attacked
Bhatnair, ii. 378 ; ravaged Bijnaur, ii.
429 ; defeated Muhammad Tughlak
and sacked Delhi, iv. 192 ; massacred
the pilgrims at Hardwar, v. 334 ; his
tomb at Kabul, vii. 268 ; which he
made his capital, vii. 271 ; took Kan-
dahar (1389), vii. 392; collected
tribute from the Miranzai glens, viii.
243 ; capture and massacre of Meerut,
ix. 383 ; ravaged Muzaffarnagar, x.
68; in N.-W. Provinces, x. 364, 365;
in Punjab, xi. 261 ; ravaged Saharan-
pur, xii. 115; sacked Talamba, but
did not take the citadel, xiii. 163.
Tin, in Lower Burma, article ' India,' vi.
42 ; 626. Local notices — Found in
Baluchistan, ii. 36 ; Lower Burma, iii.
202 ; Upper Burma, iii. 211 ; Hazari-
bagh, V. 378 ; Ma-li-won, ix. 258 ;
Mergui, ix. 410; on the Pak-chan
river, x. 531; Shwe-gyin, xii. 430;
Tavoy, xiii. 228 ; Udaipur, xiii. 401.
Tingrikotta. See Tenkaraikotta.
Tinnevelli, District in Madras, xiii. 297-
311 ; physical aspects, 297, 29S ; his-
tory, 298-301; population, 301-305;
Christians, 302-304 ; agriculture, 305-
307 ; natural calamities, 307 ; com-
merce, trade, etc., 307-309; admini-
stration, 309, 310; medical aspects,
3io> 3"-
Tinnevelli, taluk in Madras, xiii. 31 1.
Tinnevelli, town and temple in Madras,
xiii. 311, 312.
Tiors, tea-garden coolies in Jalpaiguri,
vii. 112 ; most numerous caste in Kuch
Behar, viii. 323 ; Rangpur, xi. 494.
Tipai, river of Assam, xiii. 312.
Tipperah, District in Bengal, xiii. 312-
321 ; physical aspects, 312-314 ; his-
torj', 314, 315 ; population, 315-317 ;
material condition of people, 316, 317;
agriculture, 317-319; natural calamities,
319 ; commerce, trade, etc., 319 ;
administration, 320 ; medical aspects,
321.
Tipperah, Sub-division in Bengal, xiii. 321.
Tipperah State. See Hill Tipperah.
Tipperahs, aboriginal tribe in Chittagong
Hill Tracts, iii. 450 ; Hill Tipperah,
v. 399; Sylhet, xiii. 149, 150; Tip-
perah, xiii. 315, 316.
Tiptiir, village in Mysore, xiii. 322.
Tipu Sultan, son of Haidar Ali, second
Mysore war (1790-94), article ' India,'
vi. 394 ; third Mysore war (1799), fall
of Seringapatam and death of Tipu,
396) 397- Local iiotices — Took Adoni
(1786), i. 27 ; destroyed and abandoned
Arcot (1783), i. 310 ; at Bangalore, ii.
61, 68, 69 ; reconquered Bellary, ii.
242 ; took Bhagamandal (1785), ii.
353 ; invaded the Karnatik through
the Chengama Pass (1791), iii. 390;
built palace at Chitaldrug, iii. 428 ;
ravaged Cochin (1790), iv. 3 ; took
Coimbatore(i79i), iv. 16; only spared
three Hindu temples in his dominions,
iv. 22 ; tried to destroy the race of
Coorgs, iv. 30 ; born at Devanhalli, iv.
232 ; removed inhabitants of Calicut
and Ferokh (1789), iv. 436; took
Gurramkonda (1773), V. 224; destroyed
temples of Guruvayur (1774), v. 225 ;
failed to take Honawar (1784), v. 440;
built fortress of Jamalabad (1784), vii.
118; deported and tried to forcibly
convert the Kanarese, vii. 378 ; twice
devastated Kankanhalli, vii. 434 ;
destroyed Kengeri, viii. 1 14; took
Kodungalur (1776), and destroyed it
(1790), viii. 241 ; his wars with the
English in Madras, ix. 13 ; invaded
Malabar (1788), ix. 222 ; defeated by
General Harris at Malvalli (1799), ix.
266; took Mangalore (1784) after
long siege, ix. 313 ; built fort of Mer-
kara, ix. 414, where his general was
defeated by the Coorgs, ix. 415 ; took
Perumakal (1790), xi. 141 ; defeated
by the English at Ponani (1782), xi.
197 ; took Ramdrug (1784), xi. 442 ;
fought battle of Satyamangalam with
Colonel Floyd (1790), xii. 291 ; con-
quered Savanur, xii. 293 ; killed at
Seringapatam (1799), xii. 319, which
he had fortified and embellished, and
where he is buried, xii. 320 ; his troops
33°
INDEX.
defeated by the Marathas at Shimoga
(1791), xii. 406; transported 12,000
famUies from Sira to Ganjam, suburb
of Seringapatam, xii. 319, 546 ; drove
all neighbouring people and cattle into
Sivasamudram (1791), xiii. 42 ; in-
vaded Malabar by the Tamarasseri
Pass (1788), xiii. 169 ; repulsed from
Tiagar (1790), xiii. 293 ; took Tiruvan-
namalai {1791), xiii. 329; invaded
Travancore (17S9-90), xiii. 346.
Tirhoch. See Taroch.
Tirhiit. See Darbhangah and Muzaffarpur.
Tiri. See Tehri.
Tirkanambi, ancient town and temples in
Mysore, xiii. 322.
Tirkheri Malpuri, estate in Central Pro-
vinces, xiii. 322.
Tiroham. See Karwi.
Tirora, village and tahsil in Central Pro-
vinces, xiii. 322, 323.
Tirtahalli, sacred bathing village in
Mysore, xiii. 323.
Tiruchendur, town in Madras, xiii. 323.
Tiruchengod, town and taluk in Madras,
xiii. 323, 324.
Tirukoviliir, town and tdhik in Madras,
xiii. 324.
Tiruma-Kiidah. See Narsipur.
Tirumala Naik, drove back the Mysore
invaders of Coimbatore (1653), iv. 15 ;
had his outposts as far as Kaveripuram,
viii. 106; his reign in Madura (1623-
59), and his greatness, ix. 123; listened
favourably to Robert de Nobilis, ix.
126; his great buildings, ix. 134;
ruled over Trichinopoli, xiii. 356.
Tirumale, village in Mysore, xiii. 324.
Tirumanai Muttar, river in Madras, xiii.
.324-
Tirumangalam, town and tdhck in Madras,
xiii. 324, 325.
Tirunn'irtikovil, village and temple in
Madras, xiii. 325.
Tirunageswaram, town in Madras, xiii.
325-
Tirupasur. See Tripasiir.
Tirupati (Tripetty), town and hill temple
in Madras, xiii. 325, 326.
Tirupatur, town and tdliik in Madras,
xiii. 326, 327.
Tirupur, town in Madras, xiii. 327.
Tirushavaperur. See Trichur.
Tirusirapalli. See Trichinopoli.
Tirutani, town in Madras, xiii. 327.
Tirutaraipundi, town and tdhik in Madras,
xiii.^ 327. See also Madhyarjunam.
Tiruvadi, sacred town in Madras, xiii.
327. See also Settipattadai.
Tiruvakarai, ruined town in Madras, xiii.
.328. ^
Tiruvalur, sacred town and tdhik in
Madras, xiii. 32S.
Tiruvanantapuram. See Trivandrum.
Tiruvankod, town in Travancore, from
which the State takes its name, xiii.
328.
Tiruvannamalai, taluk in Madras, xiii.
.328.
Tiruvannamalai, trading town and temple
in Madras, xiii. 329.
Tiruvariir, town in Madras, xiii. 329.
Tiruvatiyiir, town in Madras, xiii. 329.
Tiruyattur, town and temple in Madras,
xiii. 329.
Tiruvella, taluk in Travancore, xiii.
.329-
Tiruvengudam, town in Madras, xiii.
329-
Tirvva, town and tahsil in N.-W. Pro-
vinces, xiii. 329, 330.
Tista, great river of N. Bengal, floods
and changes in its course, xiii. 330-
334; article 'India,' vi. 30.
Tisua, battle-field in N.-W. Provinces,
xiii. 334.
Titagaih, village and former dockyard in
Bengal, xiii. 334.
Titalya, fair in N. Bengal, xiii. 335.
Titas, river in E. Bengal, xiii. 335.
Titles of Siva and his goddess in their
different Aryan and non-Aryan forms,
article ' India,' vi. 21 1, 212.
Titles engraved on the Seal of State of
the Maharaja of Gwalior, v. 233, 234.
To, tidal creek in Burma, xiii. 335.
Tobacco, Cultivation and manufacture of,
growth of the trade, article ' India,' vi.
42 ; 499, 500. Local tiotices — Culti-
vated in Afghanistan, i. 38 ; Agra,
i. 64 ; Ahmadnagar, i. 103 ; Ajgaon,
i. 116; Alwar, i. 205; Ambala, i. 220 ;
Amraoti, i. 248 ; Anantapur, i. 277 ;
Arakan Hill Tracts, i. 301, 302 ; North
Arcot, i. 316; Assam, i. 362; Balu-
chistan, ii. 36 ; Baroda, ii. 164 ;
Bellary, ii. 245 ; Bhadron, ii. 341 ;
Bhilsa, ii. 393 ; Bijnaur, ii. 432 ; Bilas-
pur, ii. 450 ; Bilgram, ii. 455 ; Bom-
bay, iii. 53, 54; Broach, iii. 106, 107;
Budaun, iii. 120; Bulandshahr, iii. 137 ;
Buldana, iii. 146; Bundi, iii. 159;
Lower Burma, iii. 189, 190 ; Upper
Burma, iii. 210; Cambay, iii. 271;
Central India, iii. 295 ; Champaran,
iii. 341 ; Cheduba Island, iii. 378 ;
Chengalpat, iii. 386 ; Chittagong, iii.
439 ; Chittagong Hill Tracts, iii. 451 ;
Coimbatore, iv. 18 ; Cuddapah, iv.
52 ; Daman, iv. 102 ; Daphla Hills,
iv. 119; Darbhangah, iv. 125; Delhi,
iv. 182; Dera Ghazi Khan, iv. 214;
Dhar, iv. 246 ; Dinajpur, iv. 294 ;
Eastern Dwars, iv. 333 ; Faridpur,
iv. 403 ; Firozpur, iv. 443 ; Gangpur,
iv. 478 ; Ganjam, v. 6 ; Godavari,
INDEX.
331
V. 127, 12S ; Gujianwala, v. 1S4;
Gwalior, V. 22S; Beiar,v. 270; Haitlar-
abad (Sind), v. 2S0 ; Hardoi, v. 326 ;
Hassan, v. 349 ; Henzada, v. 3S8 ;
Hill Tipperah, v. 4C0 ; Hissar, v. 430;
Hoshiarpur, v. 455 ; Howrah, v. 463 ;
Hpa-gat, V. 465 ; Hugli, v. 494 ;
Indore, vii. 2 ; Jaipur, vii. 52 ;
Jalandhar, vii. 88 ; Jalpaiguri, vii.
113; Jaunpur, vii. 156; Jessor, vii.
187 ; Jodhpur, vii. 238 ; Kaimganj,
vii. 298 ; Kaira, vii. 303, 304 ; South
Kanara, vii. 380 ; Kapurthala, vii.
443 ; Karachi, vii. 448 ; Karauli, vii.
472 ; Karnul, viii. 38 ; Kistna, viii.
230 ; Kolar, viii. 276 ; Kolhapur, viii.
281 ; Kotah, viii. 306 ; Kuch Behar,
viii. 323 ; Kulu, viii. 342 ; Kumaun,
viii. 354 ; Kyauk-pyii, viii. 387 ; Lalit-
pur, viii. 453 ; Larkhana, viii. 463 :
Lohardaga, viii. 483 ; Lucknow, viii.
498 ; Madras, ix. 30, 32-34 ; Madura,
ix. 128; Maimansingh, ix. 195 ; Maler
Kotla, ix. 255 ; Manbhum, ix. 283 ;
Mandi, ix. 298; Manipur, ix. 331;
Meerut, ix. 387 ; Mehar, ix. 396 ;
Mehsi, ix. 400 ; Mergui, ix. 409 ;
Muzaffarpur, x. 81, 82 ; Mysore, x.
100, 103; Nabha, x. 126; Nadiya, x.
135 ; Nepal, x. 277 ; N.-W. Provinces,
X. 379; Nowgong, X. 411 ; Orissa, x,
459 ; Oudh, X. 501 ; Partabgarh, xi.
71 ; Patan Saongi, xi. 84; Patna, xi.
lOi ; Petlad, xi. 162 ; Prome, xi. 231,
232 ; Puri, xi. 306 ; Purniah, xi. 326 ;
Rajpipla, xi. 392 ; Rangpur, xi. 496 ;
Sandoway, xii. 202, 203 ; Saran, xii.
255 ; Satara, xii. 281 ; Sialkot, xii.
446 ; Sitapur, xiii. 35 ; Tanjore, xiii.
187, 188 ; Tarai, xiii. 209 ; Taung-ngu,
xiii. 224 ; Tharawadi, xiii. 273 ;
Thayet-myo, xiii. 283, 285 ; Tigaria,
xiii. 294 ; Tinnevelli, xiii. 306 ; Tip-
perah, xiii. 317 ; Trichinopoli, xiii.
360 ; Udaipur, xiii. 402 ; Wardha,
xiii. 526 ; Wun, xiii. 543.
Tobacco, manufactured and prepared at
Pusa in Darbhangah, iv. 125, x. 81 ;
Biswan in Sitapur, xiii. 36 ; Trichi-
nopoli, xiii. 361, 365.
Tobacco, Centres of trade in, Atasarai,
i. 375 ; Dindigal, iv. 301 ; Baura in
Jalpaiguri, vii. 115; Nariad, x. 212;
Patna, xi. 114 ; Petlad, xi. 162 ;
Pisangan, xi. 188 ; Rajamahendri, xi.
382 ; Rusera, xii. 87 ; Sirajganj, xii.
548 ; Sivakasi, xiii. 42 ; Turtipar, xiii.
385-
Tod, Colonel James, Annals and Anti-
quities of Rajasthdn, quoted, article
' India,' vi. 180 (footnotes I and 3) ;
184 (footnote 2); 185 (footnotes i and 3).
Local notices — His Amials and Anci-
qziities of Rajasthdn or Travels in
Western India, quoted, on Mount
Abu, i. 4, 5 ; the Aravalli Hills, i. 307 ;
Bhainsror, ii. 356 ; Timur's attack on
Bhatnair, ii. 378 ; Chitor, iii. 431 ;
Jhalra Patan, vii. 204 ; his rule in the
Udaipur portion of Merwara (1820), ix.
417; quoted, on Nadol, x. 142, 143;
Pali, xi. I ; the mines of Jawar, xi,
401 ; allowed the claims of Jodhpur
over .Sirohi, xiii. 4 ; built Todgarh
(1821), xiii. 336 ; quoted, on the palace
of Udaipur, xiii. 409, 410 ; on the
Observatory at Ujjain, xiii. 418.
Todanad, Sub-division in Nilgiri Hills,
Madras, xiii. 333.
Todar Mall, Akbar's Hindu general and
finance minister, his revenue settle-
ment, article ' India,' vi. 293, 300.
Local notices — Governor of Bengal
(1580-82), ii. 278; his estimate of the
revenue from Champaran (1582), iii.
335 ; from Chittagong, iii. 435 ; gave
military rank to the chief of Ramnagar
(Dharampur), iv. 249 ; made Satgaon
the sarkar which included the present
Hugli District, v. 490 ; quoted, on
Akbar's conquest of Kangra, vii. 415 ;
his system introduced into Khandesh,
viii. 153 ; born at Laharpur, viii. 401 ;
restored the walls of Monghyr (1590),
ix. 491.
Todas, The, aboriginal tribe on the
Nilgiri Hills, x. 309, 310, xiii. 335,
336.
Toda Todi, petty State in Kathiawar,
xiii. 336.
Toddy. See Spirits.
Todgarh, town in Rajpiitana, xiii. 336.
Todupalai, taluk in Travancore, xiii.
336. .
Tohana, ancient town in Punjab, xiii.
336.
Tolerant spirit of Hinduism, article »
' India,' vi. 226, 227.
Tolly, Major, built Tolly's Nala (1776),
xiii. 336.
Tolly's Nala, canal near Calcutta, xiii,
^^^- . , , ..
Tols or Sanskrit schools, Bali, 11. 12 ;
Bansbaria, ii. 98 ; Bikrampur, ii. 444 ;
Nadiya, x. 138.
Tombs, General Sir Henry, defeated the
Bhutias (1865), ii. 417.
Tombs of Muhammadan saints, generally
scenes of religious gatherings and fes-
tivals, Taragarh, near Ajmere, i. 120,
121, xiii. 206; in Akola, i. 141 ;
Alwar, i. 206 ; Ambahta, i. 213 ;
Amner, i. 245 ; Amroha, i, 266 ;
Aurungabad Sayyid, i. 388 ; Bade
Sarai, i. 410 ; Bahraich, i. 435 ; Ban-
garmau, ii. 74 ; Behar, ii. 228 ; Bhagal-
332
INDEX.
pur, ii. 352 ; Bhawanandpur, ii. 384 ;
Bhera, ii. 386 ; Bhi'ij, ii. 408 ; Bil-
gram, ii. 455 ; Bukera, iii. 129 ; Camp-
bellpur, iii. 275 ; Champanagar, iii.
333 ; Chanar, iii. 347 ; Chiniot, iii.
418 ; in Dera Ghazi Khan, iv. 214 ;
Ellichpur, iv. 348 ; Ellora, iv. 34S ;
Fatehpur Sikri, iv. 434 ; Gangoh, iv.
477 ; Gaur, v. 38, 41; Girar, v. 84;
Gohana, v. 141 ; Gujrat, v. 197 ; New
Hala, v. 294 ; Harua, v. 342 ; Hasan
Abdal, V. 342 ; Pimpi, near Igatpuri,
V. 506 ; Jalalpur, vii. 81 ; Kaiiana,
vii. 308 ; Kakori, vii. 312 ; Kamalpur,
vii. 350 ; Kapilmuni, vii. 441 ; Karor,
viii. 48 ; Kazipara, viii. 108 ; Khair-
pur, viii. 137 ; Khimlasa, viii. 201 ;
Ludhiana, viii. 526 ; Magar Talao,
ix. 138; Maklianpur, ix. 215; Mallan-
wan, ix, 263; Mangn'il Pir, ix. 317;
Manora, ix. 339 ; Marahra, ix. 344 ;
Matari, ix. 362 ; Maudha, ix. 370 ;
Meean Meer, ix. 380 ; Mohan, ix. 471 ;
Mughalbhin, ix. 529 ; Mulbagal, ix.
537; Multan, x. 11 ; Nekmard, x.
259 ; Niir Mahal, x. 418 ; Pakpattan,
^■. 532, 533 ; Palitana, xi. 5 ; Pampur,
xi. 24 ; Panduah, xi. 42 ; Panhan, xi.
43 ; Pasrur, xi. 80 ; Patan (Oudh), xi.
80; Patna, xi. IIO; Patur, xi. 1 19;
Phaphi'ind, xi. 166 ; Pir Panjal, xi.
187 ; Rai Bareli, xi. 360 ; Rampur, xi.
460; Ranthambor, xi. 511 ; Ratanpur,
xi. 516; Rath, xi. 518; Rohri, xii.
68 ; Rupar, xii. 83 ; Sadhaura, xii. 93 ;
Saharanpur, xii. 1 15; Sakhi Sarwar,
xii. 145, 146; Sandi, xii. 197; Sankshi,
xii. 224 ; Satrikh, xii. 289, 290 ; Seh-
wan, xii. 305 ; Shahganj, xii. 342 ;
Shahpur, xii. 368 ; Shaikh Budin, xii.
373 ; Sidhaur, xii. 473 ; Sikandra, xii.
481, 482 ; Sironcha, xiii. 7 ; Sylhet,
xiii. 157; Tando Masti Khan, xiii.
177 ; Thulendi, xiii. 293; Ujhari, xiii.
417; Upray, xiii. 449; Urmar, xiii.
451. 452.
Tombs of distinguished personages. See
Mausoleums.
Tondiarpet, suburb of Madras city, xiii.
337-
Tonk, Native State in Rajputana, xiii.
337, 338.
Tonk, capital of State in Rajputana,
xiii. 338.
Tonnur, ancient capital in Mysore, xiii.
338.
Tons, tributary of the Jumna, N. -W.
Provinces, xiii. 338, 339.
Tons, South-Western, tributary of the
Ganges, N.-W. Provinces, xiii. 339.
Toondla. See Tundla.
Topes, Buddhist. See Buddhist Antiqui-
ties and Stiipas,
Topographia Christiana (Paris, 1707),
quoted, article ' India,' vi. 183,
Topping, Mr. Michael, proposed anient
on the Godavari river in the last cen-
tury, V. 132.
Tori Fatehpur, petty State in Bundel-
khand, xiii. 339.
Torriano, Captain, successfully defended
Honawar against Tipu Sultan (1784),
V. 440.
Torsha. See Dharla.
Tortoise-shell, found in, and exported
from, the Laccadive Islands, viii. 394,
396; Maldive Islands, ix. 251 ; Nicobar
Islands, X. 297.
Torwaliks, tribe in the Hindu Kush, v.
417-
Tosham, ancient town in Punjab, xiii
339> 340.
Toung-bhek-myo. See Taung-bek-myo.
Toung-gnu. See Taung-ngu.
Toung-gup. See Taung-gup.
Toung-loung-tsu, village in Burma, xiii.
340.
Toung-ngu. See Taung-ngu.
Tourmaline, found in Mysore, x. 92.
Touse, Kasba, town in Madras, xiii.
340.
Towers of Silence, Parsi, Bilimora, ii.
458; Broach, iii. 114, 115; Nosari,
X. 405.
Town and Country, Division into. See
special paragraph at the end of the Popu-
lation section in each District article,
and especially Assam, i. 360 ; Bengal,
ii. 398-400 ; Bombay-, iii. 52, 53 ; Lower
Burma, iii. 178; Central Provinces,
iii- 3I7> 318; Madras, ix. 26, 27;
Mysore, x. 98; N.-W. Provinces and
Oudh, X. 374, 375 ; Oudh, x. 499-Soi ;
Sind, xii. 519, 520.
Towns and villages of British India classi-
fied according to population, article
' India,' vi. Appendix II. 690.
Towns of British India with a popula-
tion exceeding 20,000, article ' India,'
vi. Appendix VIII. 696, 697. 6'c^also
Cities.
Towns, Absence of large, in India,
article ' India,' vi. 46.
Toys, made at Ahraura, i. Ill ; Benares,
ii. 267 ; Gokak, v. 142 ; Kondapalli,
viii. 287; Narsapur, x. 215; Poona,
xi. 209.
Trade and Commerce. See Commerce
and Trade.
Trade, Tabular statement of, with foreign
countries, article ' India,' vi. 579.
Trade-guilds, article ' India,' vi. 197,
198 ; guild-fnnds and charities, trade
versus caste interests, 19S, 199 ; caste
a ' mutual insurance,' and substitute for
a poor law, 199. Local notices — Ahmad-
INDEX.
333
abaci, i. 87, 88 ; Allahabad, i. iSS, 1S9 ;
Azamgarh, i. 396; Basti, ii. 210;
Broach, iii. 103 ; F'atehpur, iv. 427,
428 ; Ghazipur, v. 66 ; Peshawar, xi.
159; Surat, xiii. 134.
Trading castes in Northern and Southern
India, article 'India,' vi. 591, 592.
Local notices — Ahmadabad, i. 85;
Ahmadnagar, i. 104, 105, 109; Ajmere-
Merwara, i. 123 ; Aligarh, i. 172 ;
Allahabad, i. 1S9, 192; Amritsar, i.
25S ; South Arcot, i. 322 ; Azamgarh,
i. 398 ; Banda, ii. 50 ; Bannu, ii. 93 ;
Bengal, ii. 297 ; Bikaner, ii. 440, 442 ;
Bombay, iii. 51; Broach, iii. 103;
Bulandshahr, iii. 135 ; Cawnpur, iii.
288 ; Central Provinces, iii. 316 ; Etah,
iv. 361 ; Gujranwala, v. 183 ; Gujrat,
V. 191 ; Gurdaspur, v. 209 ; Howrah,
V. 462 ; Hugh, V. 493 ; Jehlam, vii.
170; Kaladgi, vii. 319; Khandesh,
viii. 154 ; Lalitpur, viii. 451 ; Madras,
ix. 19 ; Meerut, ix. 386 ; Muzaffar-
nagar, x. 71 ; N.-W. Provinces, x. 394,
395 ; Punjab, xi. 274 ; Rajputana, xi.
410 ; Rawal Pindi, xii. 26 ; Surat, xiii.
133. See also Marwaris.
Traill, Mr., Commissioner of Kumaun
(1817-35), ^''ii- 35^ ' h^^ autocratic
rule, viii. 352.
Tranquebar, town, seaport, and former
Danish settlement in Madras, xiii.
340, 341 ; founded (1616), acquired by
the English by purchase (1845), article
' India,' vi. 372.
Trans-Himalayan trade, article ■' India,
vi. 586-590.
Travancore, Native State in S. India,
xiii. 341-353; physical aspects, 342-
345 ; backwaters, 344 ; history, 345-
347 ; population, 347-349 ; agriculture,
land tenures, etc., 349-351; trade,
communications, etc., 351 ; revenue,
administration, etc., 351-353; educa-
tion, 352 ; medical aspects, 353.
Travertine, found in Monghyr, ix. 480.
Treasure, Import of, proportion of gold
to silver, gold and silver currency,
article ' India,' vi. 568, 569.
Treaties, Early Indo-Greek (306 and 256
B.C.), article ' India,' vi. 166, 170.
Treaties, of Peshawar with Dost Muham-
mad (1855). i. 51 ; of Gandamak with
Yakiib Khan (1879), i. 52; of Yan-
dabu with the Burmese (1826), i. 154,
iii. 226, xiii. 548, 549 ; of Surji Anjen-
gaon with Sindia (1803), i. 290; of
Khelat (1854), ii. 31, 32; of Khelat
(1876), ii. 33 ; of Bassein with the
Peshwa (1802), ii. 192 ; of Dum-Dum
with Mir Kasim (1757), iv. 320; of
Gwalior with Sindia (1805), v. 231,
232 ; with the Nizam (1766, 1768, 1798,
1799, 1800, _ 1853), V. 250-252; of
Mandesar with Holkar (iSiS), vii. 6,
ix. 309 ; of Mahad with the Marathas
(1796), ix. 154; with Nepal (1816), x.
290; with Oudh {1765, 1768, 1772),
X. 490, (1856), x. 495 ; of Lahore with
the Sikhs (1S46, 1849), ^i- 265, 266,
267 ; of St. Thomas' ]\Iount with
Haidar All (1769), xii. 144; of Salbai
with Sindia (1784), xii. 150 ; of Wad-
gaon with the Marathas (1779), xiii.
505-
Tree and Serpent Worship, by J. Fergus-
son, quoted, article ' India,' vi. 204
(footnote i).
Trepang, exported from the Nicobar
Islands, x. .297.
Trevandrum. See Trivandrum.
Trevelyan, SirC. E., Governor of ]\Iadras
(1859-60), ix. 67.
Tribeni, bathing village in Bengal, xiii.
353> 354-
Tribes of the North - Western P7-ovinces,
by Sir Henry Elliot, quoted, article
' India,' vi. 195 (footnote 2).
Trichendoor. See Tiruchendur.
Trichengoode. See Tiruchengod.
Trichinopoli, District in Madras, xiii.
354-363 ; physical aspects, 354, 355 ;
histor)', 355-357 ; population, 357-359;
agriculture, 359-361 ; natural calami-
ties, 361 ; communications, etc., 361 ;
trade, manufactures, etc., 361 ; admini-
stration, 361, 362 ; medical aspects,
etc., 363.
Trichinopoli, taluk in jNIadras, xiii. 363.
Trichinopoli, historic city in Madras, with
fort and temple, xiii. 363-365.
Trichur, ancient town in S. India, xiii.
365.. . . .. •
Trikota, mountain in Kashmir, xiii. 365.
Trimbak, sacred town and hill fort in
Bombay, xiii. 365, 366.
Trimbak Rao, Alaratha general, took
Gurramkonda (1771), v. 224; fought
battle with Raghunath Rao (1774), xi.
Trimbak Rao Dhabarai, killed in battle
near Baroda (1731), ii. 160.
Trimohini, market village in Bengal, xiii.
366-
Trinomalai. See Tiruvannamalai.
'Triodon,' The, of Pliny and Strabo,
supposed to be near Charikar in Af-
ghanistan, i. 34.
Tripasur, town with fort in Madras, xiii.
366-
Tripatty. See Tirupati.
Tripatiir. See Tirupatur.
Triplicane, suburb of Madras, xiii. 367.
Tripunathorai, town in S. India, resi-
dence of Raja of Cochin, xiii. 367.
Trisrota. See Tista.
334
INDEX,
Tritani. See Tirutani.
Trivadi. See Settipatladai.
Trivandrum, North, tdhik in Travancore,
xiii. 367.
Trivandrum, South, taluk in Travancore,
xiii. 367, 368.
Trivandrum, capital of Travancore, S.
India, with fort, palace, observatory,
cantonment, schools, etc., xiii. 368-370.
Trombay, port and customs division in
Bombay, xiii. 370.
Troubles of the early Indian Church,
article ' India,' vi. 240.
Trumpp, Dr. E., Grammar of the Sindhi
Language, quoted, article ' India,' vi.
335-
Tsam-bay-run. See Sabay-yun.
Tsan-pu, great river of Tibet, forming
upper waters of Brahmaputra, xiii.
371 ; article 'India,' vi. 13.
Tsan-rwe. See San-ywe.
Tshan-daw. See San-daw.
Tshee-goon. See Si-gun.
Tshwa. See Swa.
Tsit-toung. See Sittaung.
Tucker, Mr., defeated the mutineers of
Mirzapur (June 1857), ix. 454 ; and
drove them out of the District (Jan.
1858), ix. 455.
Tue-chi overthrow of the Grceco-Bactrian
settlement in the Punjab, article 'India,'
vi. 175.
Tughlak dynasty. The (1320-1414),
article 'India,' vi. 283-286; Ghiyas-
ud-din Tughlak (1320-24), 283; Mu-
hammad Tughlak (1324-51), 283; his
cruelties, forced currency, etc., 283,
284 ; revolt of the Provinces, 284 ;
revenue exactions, 284 ; ' man-hunts,'
• 284, 285 ; Firoz Shah Tughlak (1357-
88), 285 ; Mahmud Tughlak, 285 ;
Timur's invasion (1398), 285 ; ruin of
the Tughlak dynasty (1399-1414), 285,
286._
Tukaram, Maratha Vishnuite religious
poet of the 17th century, article 'India,'
vi. 346. _
Tukreswari, hill and temple in Assam,
xiii. 371, 372.
Tulamba. See Talamba.
Tularam Senapati, Cachar general, who
made himself independent, his history,
iii. 232, xiii. 372.
Tularam Senapati's Country, tract in
Assam, xiii. 372.
Tulasi Dungari, hill range in Madras,
xiii. 372.
Tulsi Bai, regent of Indore (1811-17),
when she was murdered, vii. 6.
Tulsi Das, devotee from Soron, built
temple at Rajapur (N. - W. P.), his
restrictions, xi. 385, 3S6.
Tulsipur, pargand in Oudh, xiii. 372-374.
Tulsipur, town in Oudh, xiii. 374, 375.
7?/ /j/- worshippers, Plindu sect at Akola,
i. 143.
Tuluva, ancient kingdom of S. India,
xiii. 375.
Tumbemale, mountain peak in Coorg,
xiii. 375.
Tumbhadra. See Tungabhadra.
Tunikur, District in Mysore, xiii. 375"
38 1 ; physical aspects, 375, 376 ; his-
tory, 376, 377 ; population, 377, 378 ;
agriculture, 378, 379 ; manufactures,
st^c., 379, 380; administration, 380;
medical aspects, 380, 381.
Tumkur, town and taluk in Mysore, xiii.
381.
Tumsar, market town in Central Pro-
vinces, xiii. 382.
Tuna, port in Cutch, xiii. 382.
Tundla, town in N.-W. Provinces, xiii.
382.
Tunga, river of Mysore, xiii. 382, 383.
Tungabhadra, great river of S. India,
xiii. 383 ; irrigation works, article
' India,' vi. 536.
Tuni, tract in Madras, xiii. 384.
Tura, hill station and mountain range in
Assam, xiii. 384.
Turaiyur, town in Madras, xiii. 384.
Turanian and Aryan migrations into
India from Central Asia, vi. 174, 175.
Turavanur, town in Mysore, xiii. 384.
Turbans, made at Janjira, vii. 139 ;
Jodhpur, vii. 239; Madura, ix. 130;
Rewari, xii. 57 ; Rohtak, xii. 77.
Turi, trading tribe in Kuram, viii. 368,
369-.
Turki invasions of India, article ' India,'
vi. 272.
Turkomans, Colony of, at Lakhnauti,
viii. 441.
Turmapuri, estate in Central Provinces,
xiii. 384, 385.
Turmbhen. iiee Trombay.
Turmeric, Export of, article 'India,' vi.
575- Local notices — Found or culti
vated in the Anamalai Hills, i. 271 ;
Anantapur, i. 277 ; North Arcot, i.
316; Bellary, ii. 245; Bengal, ii. 271,
304 : Bombay, iii. 53 ; Dhar, iv. 246 ;
Dungarpur, iv. 323 ; Ganjam, v. 2 ;
Garo Hills, v. 31 ; Goa, v. 93 ;
Gwalior, v. 228 ; Haidarabad, v. 245 ;
Hazara, v. 365 ; Kandh-mals, vii. 400 ;
Kathiawar, viii. 96 ; Kolar, viii. 276 ;
Kumaun, viii. 354 ; ]\Iao-san-ram, ix.
343 ; Nadiya, x. 135 ; Noakhali, x.
347 ; N.-W. Provinces, x. 3S2 ; Pabna,
X. 516 ; Palni Mountains, xi. 19 ; Puri,
xi. 306 ; Sarai Saleh, xii. 250 ; Simla,
xii. 493 ; Sitapur, xiii. 35 ; Tarai, xiii.
209 ; Tipperah, xiii. 317 ; Vontimetta,
xiii. 503.
INDEX.
335
Turner, Captain, his mission to Bhutan
(1783), ii. 416, 417.
Turner, Mr., one of the only three
Englishmen who have crossed the
Himalayas east of the Mariam-la pass,
V, 406.
Turnips, cultivated in Afghanistan, i. 38 ;
Bhutan, ii. 413 ; Dera Ghazi Khan, iv.
214 ; Jalalabad, vii. 75 ; Jhang, vii.
210; Nilgiri Hills, x. 313; Sibsagar,
xii. 466.
Turquoises, formerly found in Jaipur, vii.
52-
Turtipar, town in N.A\. Provmces, xni.
3^5- ... „
Turuvekere, town in Mysore, xui. 385.
Tuticorin, town and seaport in Madras,
xiii. 385. 386.
Tuwai. See Tipai.
Twan-te, town in Burma, xiii. 386.
Tweeddale, Marquis of, Governor of
Madras (1842-48), ix. 67.
Twenty-four Parganas, The, District in
Bengal, xiii. 387-399 ; physical aspects,
387-390 ; wild animals, 389 ; history,
390, 391 ; population. 391-394; village
heads, 394 ; agriculture, 394 - 396 ;
natural calamities, 396 ; commerce and
trade, etc., 396,397; administration,
397, 398 ; medical aspects, 398, 399.
Tyamgondal, trading town in Mysore,
xiii. 399.
U
Ubauro, ancient town and tdluk-'vn. Sind,
xiii. 399.
Uchad, petty State in Bombay, xiii. 400.
Uchahara. See Nagode.
Uchh, ancient ruins in Punjab, xiii. 400.
Udaipur (Mewar), State in Rajputana,
xiii. 400-409 ; physical aspects, 401 ;
population, 402 ; history, 402 - 408 ;
administration, 408, 409.
Udaipur, capital of State in Rajputana,
with palace, fortresses, and cenotaphs,
xiii. 409-411.
Udaipur, Native State in Chutia Nagpur,
xiii. 411, 412.
Udaipur, Sub - division in Bengal, xiii.
412.
Udaipur, former capital of Hill Tipperah
State, Bengal, M'ith temple, xiii. 412,
413-
Udaipur, Old, ruins in Bengal, xni. 413.
Udaipur Chhota. See Chhota Udaipur.
Udai Singh, Raja of Jodhpur, gave his
sister in marriage to Akbar, \\\. 241.
Udai Singh, Rana of Mewar, his reign,
xiii. 404 ; made the Udai Sagar and
founded Udaipur, xiii. 409.
Udaiyarpalaiyam, town and idluk in
Madras, xiii. 413, 414.
Udalguri, village and fair in Assam, xiii.
414.
Udamalpet, town and tdltik in Madras,
xiii. 414.
Udarband, village and fair in Assam, xiii.
414-
Udayagiri, tdluk in Madras, xiii. 414.
Udayagiri, hill with Buddhist cave in
Orissa, xiii. 414, 415.
Udayagiri, village, hill, and tdluk in
Madras, xiii. 415.
Uddhanpur, market village in Bengal,
xiii. 41,5-
Udhunala, battle - field in Bengal, xiii.
415 ; battle of, and defeat of Mir
Kasim, article ' India,' vi. 386.
Udejas, chief nomadic tribe in Thar and
Parkar, xiii. 266.
Udiarpolliem. See Udaiyarpalaiyam.
Udipi, sacred town and tdliik in ^ladras,
xiii. 415, 416.
Udpur Ghelwa, village in X.-W. Pro-
vinces, xiii. 416.
Udumalpetai. See Udamalpet.
Ughi. See Agrore.
Ugrasen, celebrated Dom Rajaof Gonda,
V. 147.
Ugii, town in Oudh, xiii. 416.
Uja. See Unja.
Ujhani, town in N. -W. Provinces, xiii.
416.
Ujhari, village in X.-W. Provinces, xiii.
^417.
Ujjain, ancient capital in Central India,
xiii. 417, 418.
Uk-kan. See Ok-kan.
Ukli, town in Bombay, xiii. 418.
Ul, river of Oudh, xiii. 418.
Ula. See Birnagar.
Ula Kandi, commercial town in Bengal,
xiii 418.
Ulubaria, trading town and Sub-division
in Bengal, xiii. 418, 419.
Ulvi, village and fair in Bombay, xiii.
419.
Uhvar. See Alwar,
Uma, the Aryan form of the wife of Siva,
article 'India,' vi. 211, 212.
Uraananda, island and temple in Assam,
xiii. 419.
Umargarh, town in X.-W. Provinces,
xiii. 419.
Umaria, village in Central Provinces, xiii.
419.
Umarkher, town and temple in Berar,
xiii. 419, 420.
Umarkot, tdhik in Sind, xiii. 420.
Umarkot, historic town in Sind, xiii.
420, 421 ; birthplace of Akbar, 421.
Umarpur, trading town in Bengal, xiii.
421.
Umarpur Xiwan, suburb of Allahabad,
xiii. 421.
136
INDEX.
Umat. See La-ka-dong.
Umattiir, village and former capital in
Mysore, xiii. 421.
Umballa. See Ambala.
Umbargaon, port and customs division
in Bombay, xiii. 421, 422.
Umed Khan, son of Shaista Khan,
Governor of Bengal, stormed Chitta-
gong (1665), iii. 436.
Umed Singh, Maharao Raja of Bundi,
helped Col. Monson in his retreat
(1804), iii. 158.
Umeta, petty State in Bombay, xiii. 422.
Um-iam. See Kiling.
Umra, Rana of Mewar, had to submit to
Jahangir (1616), xiii. 404, 405.
Umra, Rana of Mewar (16S1-1716), led
rebellion of Rajput chiefs against
Faruksiyyar (17 13), xiii. 405.
Umra Chand Barwa, Diwan of Udaipur,
his firmness with Sindia (1768), xiii.
406.
Umrapur, petty State in Kathiawar, xiii.
422.
Umraundi-Kalianpur, village in N. -W.
Provinces, xiii. 422.
Umrer, tahsil in Central Provinces, xiii.
422.
Umrer, manufacturing town in Central
Provinces, xiii. 423.
Umreth, town in Bombay, xiii. 423.
Umri, petty State in Central India, xiii.
423, 424.
Umri, estate in Central Provinces, xiii.
424.
Umri, village in N,-W. Provinces, xiii.
424.
Umta, town in Baroda, xiii. 424.
Um-thru. See Digru.
Un. See Kankrej.
Una and Delwara, ancient towns in
Kathiawar, xiii. 424, 425.
Una, town and tahsil in Punjab, xiii.
425-
Unao, District in Oudh, xiii. 426-436 ;
physical aspects, 426, 427 ; history,
427-430 ; mutiny, 429, 430 ; popula-
tion, 430, 431 ; agriculture, 431-434;
means of communication, etc., 434;
manufactures, trade, etc., 434, 435 ;
administration, 435 ; medical aspects,
435-
Unao, town, tahsil, and par gaud in
Oudh, xiii. 436, 437.
Unbeaten Tracks in Japan, by Miss
Bird, quoted, article ' India,' vi. 152
(footnote 3) ; 202 (footnote l) ; 224
(footnote 3).
Unchehra. See Nagode.
Unchhali, village and waterfall in Bom-
bay, xiii. 437.
Under-peopled Districts and Provinces,
article ' India,' vi. 47.
Unequal pressure of population on the
land, article ' India,' vi. 49.
United States, India's trade with, article
' India,' vi. 578, 579.
Universities, Indian, article ' India,' vi.
475, 476. See also Bombay, iii. 71 ;
Calcutta, iii. 259; Lahore, viii. 418,
xi. 290 ; Madras, ix. 78.
Unja, town in Baroda, xiii. 437.
Untha Dhura. See Anta Dhura.
Untri, petty State in Kathiawar, xiii. 438.
Upendra Bhanj, Raja of Gumsar, a
famous Uriya poet, article ' India,' vi.
344-
Upleta, port in Kathiawar, xiii. 438.
Upmaka, village and temple in Madras,
xiii. 438.
Uppada cloth, made in Godavari Dis-
trict, V. 129.
Upparavas, salt and saltpetre makers in
Madras, ix. 20.
Upper Godavari, former District in
Central Provinces, xiii. 438.
Upper Sind Frontier, District in Sind,
xiii. 438-449 ; physical aspects, 438-
440 ; canal system, 439 ; population,
440 - 445 ; border tribes, 441 - 445 ;
agriculture, 445, 446 ; means of com-
munication, 446 ; manufactures, 447 ;
trade and commerce, 447 ; administra-
tion, 447, 44S ; medical aspects, 44S,
449-
Uppinangadi, town and taluk in Madras,
xiii. 449.
Upray, village and shrine in Berar, xiii.
449-,
Uprora, estate in Central Provinces, xiii.
449-
Urai, town and tahsil in N.-W. Provinces,
xiii. 449, 450. _
Uraiyur. See Trichinopoli city.
Uran, town, customs division, and dis-
tillery in Bombay, xiii. 450. See also
Karanja.
Urions, aboriginal tribe in Western Ben-
gal and Chutia Nagpur, article ' India,'
vi. ^ 71 (footnote). Local notices —
Gangpur, iv. 47S ; Jalpaiguri, x\\. 112 ;
Jashpur, vii. 146 ; Lohardaga, viii.
480 ; Sarguja, xii. 267 ; Singhbhum,
xii. 535-
Uravakonda, town in Madras, xiii. 451.
Urcha, Buddhist village in Bashahr,
Punjab, xiii. 451.
Urchha. See Orchha.
U-rit-taung, pagoda in Burma, xiii. 451.
U-rit-taung, East, township in Burma,
xiii. 451.
U-rit-taung, West, township in Burma,
xiii. 451.
Uriya. See Auraiya.
Uriya vernacular writers and poets,
article ' India,' vi. 343, 344.
INDEX.
337
Uriam, taluk in Madras, xiii. 451.
Urmar, town in Punjab, xiii. 451.
Ursi, Rana of Mewar (1762), his history
and war with Sindia, xiii. 406, 407.
Urum Islampur, town in Bombay, xiii.
452.
Vsar or kaldi' plains, impregnated with
rch or saline efflorescence, and there-
fore unfit for cultivation, found in
Agra, i. 60 ; Aligarh, i. 168 ; Allah-
abad, i. 180; Amritsar, i. 255 ; Azam-
garh, i. 392-397; Ballia, ii. 28;
Benares, ii. 255; Budaun, ii. 120;
Bulandshahr, iii. 131 ; Cawnpur, iii.
280 ; Etah, iv. 35S ; Etawah, iv. 367-
370 ; Farukhabad, iv. 409 ; Fatehpur,
iv. 422, 423 ; Ghazfpur, v. 62 ;
Gorakhpur, v. 164 ; Hardoi, v. 321 ;
Jaunpur, vii. 150, 151 ; Kakori, vii.
311 ; Karnal, viii. 25; Larkhana, viii.
462 ; Lucknow, viii. 493 ; Mainpuri,
ix. 202 ; Meerut, ix. 382 ; Mehar, ix.
396 ; Mohan Auras, ix. 470 ; Mohan-
lalganj, ix. 472 ; Muzaffarnagar, x. 67-
72; N.-W. Provinces, x. 376; Oudh,
X. 482 ; Partabgarh, xi. 68 ; Punjab,
xi. 253 ; Shikarpur, xii. 385 ; Sialkot,
xii. 440 ; Sitapur, xiii. 30 ; Unao,
xiii. 426.
Usia, town in N.-W. Provinces, xiii.
452-
Uska, trading town in N.-W. Provinces,
xiii. 452.
Usman's Arab expedition to Thana and
Broach (647), vi. 268.
Usur, town and remount depot in Madras,
xiii. 452.
Usurpation of Aurungzeb, and murder of
his brothers, article ' India,' vi. 306,
307-
Utakamand (Ootacamund), hill station,
sanitarium, and plateau in Madras, xiii.
452-454-
Utal, estate in Central Provinces, xiii.
454-
Utan, seaport in Bombay, xiii. 454.
Utarpara. See Uttarpara.
Utch. See Uchh.
Utman Bulak, tahsil in Punjab, xiii.
454, 455-
Utman Khel, Pathan tribe in Afghanistan,
i. 42.
Up-po. See Ot-po.
Utraula, tahsil m Oudh, xiii. 455.
Utraula, pargaiui and historic estate in
Oudh, xiii. 455-458.
Utraula, town in Oudh, xiii. 458.
Uttal. See Utal.
Uttamapalaiyam, town in Madras, xiii.
458.
Uttamapuram, town in Madras, xiii.
458.
VOL. XIV.
Uttankarai, town and taluk in Madras,
xiii. 458.
Uttarpara, town and public library in
Bengal, xiii. 459.
Uttiranmerur, historic town and temples
in Madras, xiii. 459.
Uttiir, town and temples in Bombay,
xiii. 459.
Utukur. See Vutukur.
Uzbegs, the ruling race in Afghan-Tiirk-
istan, i, 55.
V
Vaccination, Statistics of, in Ahmadabad,
i. 93 ; Ahmadnagar, i. 107 ; Akola, i.
146 ; Amraoti, i. 250 ; Assam, i. 373 ;
Azamgarh, i. 401 ; Bangalore, ii. 65 ;
Baroda, ii. 169 ; Basim, ii. 188 ;
Belgaum, ii. 237 ; Bombay Presidency,
iii. T})-, Broach, iii. iii; Buldana,
iii. 148 ; Lower Burma, iii. 208 ;
Coorg, iv. 42 ; Damoh, iv. 113 ; Dhar-
war, iv. 265 ; Ellichpur, iv. 347 ;
Berar, v. 261 ; Henzada, v. 390 ;
Jaipur, vii. 59 ; Kaira, vii. 307 ;
Kaladgi, vii. 320 ; North Kanara,
vii. 374 ; Karachi, vii. 451 ; Khairpur,
viii. 137 ; Kolar, viii. 278; Kyauk-pyu,
viii. 389 ; Madras Presidency, ix. 80,
city, ix. 119; Mahi Kantha, ix. 179;
Miraj (2), ix. 440, 441 ; Nasik, x.
235 ; Nellore, x. 271 ; N.-W. Pro-
vinces, X. 404 ; Oudh, X. 510; Panch
Mahals, xi. 34; Poona, xi. 210;
Rajputana, xi. 424 ; Ratnagiri, xii. 12 ;
Satara, xii. 284 ; Shikarpur, xii. 394 ;
Sholapur, xii. 420 ; Sind, xii. 525 ;
Surat, xiii. 131 ; Tinnevelli, xiii. 31 1 ;
Udiapur, xiii. 409 ; Wun, xiii. 546.
Vada. See Wada.
Vadagenhalli, trading town in Mysore,
xiii. 460.
Vadakara. See Badagara.
Vadakattalai, town in Madras, xiii. 460.
Vadaku Valiyiir, town and tank in
Madras, xiii. 460.
Vadaku Viravanallur. See Viravanalliir.
Vadal. See Wadal.
Vadali. See Wadali.
Vadapathi Melpathi, town in Madras,
xiii. 460.
Vadars, hill tribe in Kolaba, viii.
26s._
Vadasinor. See Balasinor.
Vaigai, river in Madura, Madras, xiii.
460.
Vaikom, town and tdhik in Travancore,
xiii. 460, 461.
Y
33^
INDEX.
Vairog, trading town in Bombay, xiii.
461.
Vairowal, town in Punjab, xiii. 461.
Vaiseshiklia, one of tlie six darsaiias or
Brahmanical systems of philosophy,
yi- 99- . .
Vaisya, or cultivating caste of ancient
India, tirticle ' India,' vi. 90, 196.
Vala. See Wala.
Valabhi, ancient Hindu dynasty in
Western India and Sind (480 - 722
A.D.), their overthrow by Arab in-
vaders of Sind, article ' India,' vi.
182.
Valajabadu. See Walajabad.
Valangiman, town in Madras, xiii. 461.
Valarpattanam. .S"c(f Beliapatam.
Valavanur, village in Madras, xiii. 461.
Valdavur, village in Madras, near Pondi-
cherri, xiii. 461.
Valentia, Lord, his description of Cal-
cutta in 1803, quoted, iii. 244 ; quoted
on Mianganj, ix. 421.
Valentyn, on the Dutch factory at Than-
lyin (Syriam), xiii. 158.
Valiyiir. See Vadaku Valiyur.
Vallabhacharya, Vishnuite reformer,
lived at Kheralu, viii. 189.
Vallabha-swami, Vishnuite religious re-
former (1520 A.D.), Krishna-worship,
article 'India,' vi. 221, 222. Local
notices — Preached his reforms at Gokiil,
V. 142 ; his doctrine of pleasure and
of Vishnu as Krishna, x. 444, 445.
Vallamars, fresh - water fishermen in
Cochin, iv. 4.
Vallam Vadakusetti, town in Madras,
near Tanjore, xiii. 462.
Vallemgiman. See Valangiman.
Valliir, town and estate in Madras, xiii.
462.
Valmiki, the reputed composer of the
Rdmdyana, article 'India,' vi. 123;
said to have lived at Avani, i. 390.
Valsad. See Bulsar.
Valteru. See Waltair.
Valuvanad, tdhik in Madras, xiii. 462.
Vamsadhara, river of Central India, xiii.
462.
Vanarasi, sacred village and cattle fair in
Mysore, xiii. 462, 463.
Vanathali. See Wanthali.
Vanbhachran. See Wanbhachran.
Van Cortlandt, General, defeated the
mutineers of Hissar (1857), v. 428.
Vandavasu. See Wandiwash.
Van den Broeck, visited Aden on behalf
of the Dutch East India Company
(1614), i. 16.
Van den Broucke's map of India (1660),
quoted, on Sherpur (Bogra), xii. 381 ;
on the Twenty-four Parganas, xiii. 390.
Van de Putte, speaks of Sikkim as
Bramashok, xii. 484.
Vanilla, grown in Mysore, x. 103.
Vaniyambadi, trading town in Madras,
xiii. 463.
Vanmala, petty State in Bombay, xiii.
463-
Van Moens, Adrien, Dutch governor,
enlarged and strengthened the fort of
Cochin (1778), iv. 12.
Van Rheede, Dutch governor of Malabar,
published Hortus Malabaricus, the first
work on the flora of Southern India,
ix. 81 ; his tomb at Surat, xiii. 135.
Vansittart, Mr., Governor of Bengal,
tried to improve Calcutta, iii. 244 ;
made convention with Mir Kasim
(1763), xi. 95.
Vanspall, Dutch Governor of Cochin,
refused to surrender to the English
(i795)> when the town was taken,
iv. 12.
Varada, river of S. India, xiii. 463.
Varahanadi, river in Madras, xiii. 463,
464-.
Varahi. See Warahi.
Vararuchi, Prakrit grammarian of the
first century B.C., article ' India,' vi.
336, 337-
Varthema, Luis de, visited Aden (1503),
i. 16 ; mentions a town called Bengala,
ii. 269 ; speaks of Quilon as Kaulam,
xi. 339-
Vasco da Gama, his three voyages to
India, and death at Cochin, article
' India,' vi. 356-358. Local notices —
Inhospitably received at Calicut (1498),
and bombarded that town {1502), iii.
269 ; visited Cannanore (1498), and
established a factory there (1505), iii.
276 ; established factory at Cochin
(1502), iv. II ; died at Cochin (1524)
and his body buried there, but removed
to Portugal (1538), iv. 12 ; the first
Indian land he saw, Mount Delly, iv.
197 ; quoted, on Kayal, which he calls
Caell, viii. 107 ; his visit to Malabar
(1498), ix. 221 ; first cast anchor near
Quilandi (1498), xi. 339.
Vaso. See Waso.
Vastara, village in Mysore, xiii. 464.
Vasudeo Balwant Phadke, dakdit leader,
captured (1879) on his way to Pand-
harpur, xi. 38.
Vasudevanallur, town in Madras, xiii.
464.
Vattilagundu, village and battle-field in
Madras, xiii. 464.
Vattirayiruppu. See Watrap.
Vaughan, two brothers, both majors,
murdered at Talegaon Dabhara(i8i7),
xiii. 166.
I
INDEX.
339
Vayalpad, town and taluk in Madras,
xiii. 464.
Vayanadu. See Wainad.
Vayitiri. See Vyteri.
Vecchi, Signer de, started silk culture
and weaving at Kengeri, viii. 114, 115.
Vedaganga, river of Deccan, xiii. 465.
Veda?itas, two of the six darsanas, or
Brahmanical systems of philosophy,
, vi. 99.
Vedas, the four Sanskrit hymnals, article
' India,'" vi. 77-89 ; their antiquity and
inspired origin, 78 ; caste and widow-
burning unknown, 78 ; Aryan civilisa-
tion in the Vedas, 79 ; the gods of the
Vedas, 78-81 ; a Vedic hymn, 82, 83 ;
Vedig 'prayers, 83, 84 ; Vedic legend
of Yama, the king of death, 85 ; Vedic
conceptions of immortality, 86 ; the
Rig- Veda composed during the march
of the Aryans through Upper India,
86, 87 ; the Sama Veda, Yajur Veda,
and Atharva Veda composed at a later
date than the Rig -Veda, after the
Brahmans had established their priestly
power, 88 ; the Brahmans or inspired
guides to the four Vedas, 88, 89.
Vedavati, river of S. India, xiii. 465. '
Vegetables, Cultivation of, article 'India,'
vi. 490. Local notices — Cultivated in
Agra, i. 64 ; Ambala, i. 220 ; Am-
raoti, i. 248 ; Amritsar, i. 260 ; Ban-
galore, ii. 63 ; Bengal, ii. 304 ; Bhutan,
ii. 413 ; Buldana, iii. 146 ; Upper
Burma, iii. 210 ; Cachar, iii. 236 ;
Chanda, iii. 353 ; Chittagong Hill
Tracts, iii. 450, 451 ; Daphla Hills, iv.
119; Deoria,iv.2o6; Dungarpur, iv.323;
Eastern Dwars, iv. 333 ; Gujranwala,
v. 184 ; Gujrat, v. 193 ; Gurdaspur,
v. 211 ; Haidarabad, v. 245 ; Hardoi,
v. 326; Henzada, v. 388; HillTipperah,
v. 400 ; Jalalabad, vii. 75 ; Jhabua, vii.
195 ; Jhang, vii. 210 ; Kashmir, viii.
72 ; Kolhapur, viii. 281 ; Lahore, viii.
410; Larkhana, viii. 463; Lucknow,
viii. 498 ; Madras, ix. 30 ; Manipur,
ix. 331 ; Meerut, ix. 387 ; Mehar, ix.
397; Mergui, ix. 409, 410; Mysore,
X. 100 ; Nepal, x. 276 ; Nilgiri Hills,
x. 313; N.-W. Provinces, x. 382;
Orissa, x. 459 ; Peshawar, xi. 146 ;
Ranchi, xi. 468 ; Rangpur, xi. 496 ;
Saharanpur, xii. 120 ; Satara, xii. 280 ;
Sialkot, xii. 446 ; Sibsagar, xii. 466 ;
Simla, xii. 493 ; Sitapur, xiii. 35 ;
Sultanpur, xiii. loo ; Tanjore, xiii.
187 ;.Tiimkur, xiii. 378; Twenty-four
Parganas, xiii, 394 ; Unao, xiii. 432 ;
Wellington, xiii. 536.
Vehar, reservoir near Bombay, xiii. 465,
466.
Vejanoness, petty State in Kathiawar,
xiii. 466.
Vekria, petty State in Kathiawar, xiii.
466, 467.
Vellakovil, village in Madras, xiii.
Vellar, river in Madras, xiii. 467.
Vellore, tdliik in Madras, xiii. 467.
Vellore, historic town and cantonment in
Madras, xiii. 467-469 ; siege by Haidar
AH (1780), 468; mutiny (1806), 469,
^'•,399-
Velpur, town in Madras, xiii. 469.
Velvet work, article ' India,' vi. 603.
Vembakottai, town in Madras, xiii. 469.
Vempalli, town and temple in Madras,
xiii. 469.
Venables, Mr., attacked the mutineers
at Azamgarh (1857), i. 394; had the
village of Dubari granted to him, iv.
317-
Vengurla, taluk in Bombay, xiii. 469.
Vengurla, town, seaport, lighthouse, and
former pirate stronghold in Bombay,
xiii. 469, 470.
Vengurla Rock, lighthouse in Bombay,
xiii. 470.
Venkaji, Sivaji's brother, succeeded
Shahji in the Karnatik/fl^Vj, i. 313 ;
sold Bangalore to the Raja of Mysore
(1687), ii. 61 ; founded dynasty at
Tanjore, xiii. 192.
Venkatagiri, town, taluk, and ancient
estate in Madras, xiii. 470, 471.
Ventipur, ruins in Kashmir, xiii. 471.
Ventura, Italian general of Ranjit Singh,
held District of Dera Ghazi Khan
(1830-32), iv. 212 ; stormed Kamla-
garh (1840), vii. 353; conquered
Mandi (1840), ix. 298.
Vepery, suburb of Madras city, xiii. 471.
Veppattur, town in Madras, xiii. 471.
Veppu. SeeNy\>m.
Veranilai, town in Madras, xiii. 471.
Verapoli, Roman Catholic station and
vicariate in S. India, xiii. 471, 472 ;
vi. 257.
Verasharoon. See Viravasaram,
Verawal, seaport in Kathiawar, xiii. 472.
Verelst, H., Governor of Bengal (1767-
69), ii. 278 ; tried to improve Calcutta,
iii. 244 ; his speech at the Punya
festival at the Motijhil, Murshidabad
(1767), X. 37.
Vernacular journalism, vi. 480,481.
Vernaculars (Indian) and their litera-
ture, article ' India,' vi. chap. xiii. pp.
325-355. See Indian Vernaculars and
their literature. . ,
Vernag, spring in Kashmir, xiii. 472.
Vesava, port in Bombay, xiii. 472, 473.
Vesh, or redistribution of land at certain
340
INDEX.
periods, still in use near Jalalabad,
vii. 75.
Vettatapudiyangadi. See Betulipiyudan-
gadi.
Vettavalum, estate in Madras, xiii. 473.
Viceroys and Governors-General of India,
article 'India,' vi. 384.
Vichhawad, petty State in Kathiawar,
xiii. 473.
\ ictoria-Gitika, Sanskrit ode, in cele-
bration of the sovereigns of England,
vi. III.
Victoria Point, marking the extreme
eastern and southern limits of Burma,
at the mouth of the Kra river, the
boundary between Tenasserim and
Siam, article ' India,' vi. 4.
View of Hindu Laii', by Mr. Nelson,
article ' India,' vi. 195 (footnote 2).
Vigai. See Vaigai.
Vigne's Travels iii Kashmir (1842),
quoted, on Amarnath, i. 211 ; Iskardo,
vii. 30 ; the iron of Kashmir, viii. 67 ;
the temple of Matan, ix. 360.
\'ijaiadi-ug. See Viziadrug.
Vijapur, estate in Central Provinces, xiii.
473-
\ijapur, town in Baroda, xni. 473.
Vijayanagar, ancient capital in S. India,
xiii. 473. See also Hampi.
Vijayanagar, Hindu kingdom of S. India
( 1 185- 1 565), subjugation by the Mu-
hammadans at the battle of Talikot,
article ' India,' vi. 286, 288.
Vijayanagaram. See Vizianagram.
Vijayanoness. See Vejanoness.
Vikramaditya, king of Ujjain (57 B.C.),
his war with the Scythian invaders,
article ' India,' vi. 181. Local notices
— Built temple at Debi Patan, iv. 164 ;
his power and reign, xii. 130; his
capital at Ujjain, xiii. 417.
Vilakankod, taluk in Travancore, xiii.
473-
Villages of the Arakan hill tribes, 1. 301 ;
of the Deori Chutiyas, iii. 467 ; of the
Daphlas, iv. II9 ; in Dharwar, iv.
261 ; of the Garos, v. 29 ; in Hazara,
V. 366 ; of the Juangs, vii. 250 ; in
Kangra, vii. 419 ; in Kashmir, viii.
70 ; of the Kols, viii. 254-256 ; of the
Malayalis, ix. 239, 240 ; of the Mikirs,
ix. 436, 437 ; of the Miris, ix. 444,
44S ; of the Mishmis, ix. 463 ; of the
Rengma Nagas, x. 148 ; of the An-
giimi Nagas, x. 149 ; of the Kukis, x.
150; of the Nicobarians, x. 296; of
the Todas, x. 310; of the Peshawar
Pathans, xi. 152, 153 ; in Rawal
Pindi, xii. 28 ; of the Santals, xii.
239 ; of the Kols in Singhbhum, xii.
537 ; in Sirmur, xii. 555.
Village Watchmen or Rural Police. See
Administration section of each District
article.
Villupuram, town and taluk in Madras,
xiii. 474.
Vincent's, Dean, Commerce and Naviga-
tion of the Ancients in the Indian
Ocean, quoted, article ' India,' vi. 164
(footnote i) ; 356 (footnote).
Vinchur, town and petty State in Bom-
bay, xiii. 474.
Vindhya, mountain range dividing the
Deccan from Hindustan, xiii. 474-476 ;
geology, 475 ; mythology, 475, 476 ;
article ' India,' vi. 35, 36 ; geology,
vi. 635.
Vines, Cultivation of. See Grapes.
Vintrurla. See Vengurla.
Vinjamur, village in Madras, xiii. 476.
Vinukonda, town, hill fort, and taluk in
Madras, xiii. 476.
Viraghottam, town in I^Iadras, xiii. 476.
Virajanadi, watercourse in Mysore, xiii.
476, 477-
Viramgam, town and taluk in Bombay,
xiii. 477.
Virampura, petty State in Bombay, xiii.
477-
Vira Rajendra, the national hero of the
Coorgs, his history, iv. 30, 31 ; his
mausoleum at Merkara, ix. 414.
Vira-rajendra-pet, town and Christian
settlement in Coorg, xiii. 477, 47S.
Viravalli, taluk in Madras, xiii. 478.
Viravanallur, town in ]\Iadras, xiii. 478.
Viravasaram, town and old English settle-
ment in Madras, xiii. 478.
Virawah, village in Sind, xiii. 478.
Virdel, taluk in Bombay, xiii. 47S, 479.
Virpur, town and State in Kathiawar,
xiii. 479-
Virpur Kharedi, town in Kathiawar, xiii.
479-
Viruddhachalam, taluk in Madras, xiii.
479-
Viruddhachalam. sacred town and temple
in Madras, xiii. 4S0.
Virudupati, trading town in Madras, xiii.
480.
Virwa, petty State in Kathiawar, xiii.
4S0.
Visakhapatnam. See Vizagapatam.
Visapur, hill fort in Bombay, xiii. 4S0.
Vishalgarh, Native State in Bombay, xiii.
480, 48 1.
Vishnu, the Preserver, the second person
of the Hindu triad, vi. 98. See also
Hinduism.
Vishnuite symbols in Hinduism, vi. 206.
Vishnu Purdna, The, by Dr. H. H.
Wilson, quoted, article ' India,' vi.
216, 217, and footnotes.
INDEX.
341
Vishnu-worship, article ' India,' vi. 215-
226 ; Vishnu and Siva compared, 215 ;
incarnations of Vishnu, 215, 216 ; the
Vishnu Purdna, the eighteen Puranas,
216, 217; Brahmanical and popular
Vishnuism, 217 ; Vishnuite religious
reformers (1150-1520 A.D.), 217-222;
Vishnuite sects, 223 ; theistic move-
ments in Vishnuism, 223 ; Jagannath,
223-225 ; the truth about the Car
Festival, 224, 225 ; bloodless worship
rjf Jagannath, 225, 226. Local notices
— Kenduli, viii. 114; Khardah, viii.
167 ; Kheralu, viii. 189 ; Mahaban,
ix. 191, 192 ; Melukote, ix. 404 ;
Orissa, x. 437-455-
Visnagar, ancient town in Baroda, xiii.
481.
Vissanapet, village, estate, and tdhtk in
Madras, xiii. 481.
Viswaganga, river of Berar, xiii. 481,
482. ^
Viswanath, founder of the Nayak dynasty
in IMadura, his feudal system, ix. 122,
123; rebuilt Tinnevelli, xiii. 312;
ruled over Trichinopoli, xiii. 356 ;
fortified Trichinopoli, and built palace
there, xiii. 364.
Viswa Singh, great Koch ruler, intro-
duced Brahman colony into Assam, i.
353; his empire extended from Darrang
to Purniah, iv. 329.
Vita, town in Bombay, xiii. 482.
Vital statistics of India, article ' India,'
vi. chap. xxv. pp. 665 - 686 ; the
principal sources of health returns, 665 ;
untrustworthy registration statistics,
666, 667 ; death - rate and average
duration of life in India, 666, 667 ;
birth and death rates for different Pro-
vinces, 667-679 ; health and mortality
in the European army, 675 > 680-682 ;
in the native army, 682-684 ; jail vital
statistics, 684-6S6. See also the Medical
Aspects section of each Provincial and
District article.
Vithalgarh, petty State in Kathiawar,
xiii. 482.
Vitriol, Blue, found in Rajputana, xi.
401 ; at Khetri in Shaikhawati, xii. 371.
Vittar, river in Madras, xiii. 482.
Viveash, ]Mr. , Collector of Kanara, made
new settlement there, vii. 383.
Vizagapatam, District in Madras, xiii.
482 - 497 ; physical aspects, 482 - 484 ;
history, 484 - 489 ; recent history of
Rajas, 4S8 ; population, 489 - 492 ;
aboriginal tribes, 491 ; agriculture,
492, 493 ; irrigation, 493 ; manufac-
ture and trade, 493, 494 ; administra-
tion, 494 - 496 ; education, 495, 496 ;
medical aspects, 496, 497.
Vizagapatam, tdhik in Madras, xiii. 497.
Vizagapatam, ancient town, seaport, and
cantonment in Madras, xiii. 497, 498.
Viziadrug, seaport and ancient fort in
Bombay, xiii. 498, 499.
Vizianagram, historic estate in Madras,
xiii. 499-502. See also Vizagapatam.
Vizianagram, tdhik in Madras, xiii. 502.
Vizianagram, town and cantonment in
Madras, xiii. 502, 503.
Vizianarayanam, town in Madras, xiii.
503-
Viziarama Raz, Maharaja of Vizianagram
(1759-94). his histor)', xiii. 500, soif.
Viziarama Gajapati Raz, Maharaja of
Vizianagram (1845-78), xiii. 501, 502.
Volcanic eruptions, Bassein (mud), ii.
193 ; Cheduba Island (inflammable
gas), iii. 378 ; Foul Island (mud), iv.
450 ; Kyauk-pyu (mud), viii. 385.
Von Bohlen, Das Alte Indien, quoted,
article ' India,' vi. no (footnote 2).
Vonipenta, town in Madras, xiii. 503.
Vontimitta, town and temple in Madras,
xiii. 503.
Vridachellam. See Viruddhachalam.
Vutukiir, village in Madras, xiii. 503.
Vyankat Rao, zaminddr of Arpalli and
Ghot, mutinied with Babu Rao (1858),
murdered three telegraph employes,
was arrested (i860), and sentenced to
transportation, iii. 351.
Vyasa, Brahman sage, the legendary
compiler of the four Vedas(3ioi B.C.),
and of the epic of the Mahabharata,
article 'India,' vi. 118.
Vygai. See Vaigai.
Vypin, historic island in S. India, xiii.
504-
Vyteri, town in Madras, xiii. 504.
W
Wada, village and tdluk in Bombay, xiii.
504, 505.
Wadal, petty State in Kathiawar, xiii.
505-
Wadali, petty State in Kathiawar, xni.
505.
Wadali, ancient capital in Bombay, xiii.
5°5- , , .
Waddars, nomadic tribe in Dharwar, iv.
260.
Wade, Colonel Sir Claude, his march*
through the Khaibar Pass (1839), i. ,,
49 ; his campaign there, viii. 125.
Wadgaon, town in Poona, Bombay, scene
of convention of 1778-79, xiii. 505 ;
vi. 391.
342
INDEX.
Wadgaon, town in Kolhapur State,
Bombay, xiii. 505.
Wadgaon, town in Berar, xiii. 505, 506.
Wadhwan. See Dang States.
Wadhwan, Native State in Kathiawar,
xiii. 506.
Wadhwan, chief town of State in
Kathiawar, centre of cotton trade,
xiii. 506, 507.
Wadhwan, British station in Kathiawar,
xiii. 507.
Wadnagar, historic capital and Sub-
division in Baroda, xiii. 507.
Wadner, village in Central Provinces,
xiii. 508.
Wadod. See Warod.
Wa-ga-ru, township in Burma, xiii. 508.
Wa-gay-ma, village in Burma, xiii. 508.
Waghari, river of Berar, xiii. 508.
Waghars, descendants of Hindu pirates in
Karumbhar Island, viii. 50.
Waghelas, Rajput clan in Ahmadabad, i.
89 ; in Cutch, iv. 61.
Waghorn, Lieut., pioneer of the Overland
Route, iii. 76.
^^^agra, tdhtk in Bombay, xiii. 508.
Wagris, wild tribe in Cambay, iii. 271.
Wagwari, petty State in Kathiawar, xiii.
509- ,
Wahabis, fanatical Muhammadan sect in
South Arcot, i. 323 ; Bangalore, ii.
62 ; Bogra, iii. 28 ; Dinajpur, iv. 293 ;
Maldah, ix. 243; Patna, xi. 99; Santal
Parganas, xii. 230 ; Travancore, xiii.
347 ; Twenty-four Parganas, xiii. 393.
Wai, sacred town and taluk in Bombay,
xiii. 509.
Waigaon, town in Central Provinces, xiii.
509, 510. _ -^ _
Wainad, highland tdhik in Madras, with
coffee plantations and gold-mining, xiii.
5fO;5i2.
Wainad, South - east, Sub-division in
Madras, xiii. 512.
Wainganga, great river of Central Pro-
vinces, xiii. 512.
Wair. See Wer.
Wairagarh, ancient town and pargaud in
Central Provinces, xiii. 513.
Wajid All Khan, last king of Oudh
(1847-56), built the Kaisar Bagh and
other buildings at Lucknow, viii. 510,
511; deposed (1856), x. 494, 495.
Wajiria, petty State in Bombay, xiii. 513.
Wake, Herwald, defender of Arrah in the
Mutiny (1857), i. 333 ; xii. 329.
Wakori, village in Central Provinces, xiii.
Waktapur, petty State in Bombay, xiii.
.513, 5I4-.
A\ala, Native State in Kathiawar, xiii.
514-
Wala, chief town of State and ancient
capital in W. India, xiii. 514.
Walaja, taluk in Madras, xiii. 515.
Walajabad, town and former military
station in Madras, xiii. 515.
Walajapet, town in Madras, xiii. 515.
Walam, town in Baroda, xiii. 515.
Walasna, petty State in Bombay, xiii.
Walidad Khan, mutineer leader (1857),
in Bareilly, ii. 140; Budaun, iii. 118;
Bulandshahr, iii. 134 ; repulsed from
Hapur, V. 318 ; had been jdi^irddi- of
Malagarh, ix. 236 ; threatened Meerut,
ix. 385.
Walidpur, town in N.-W. Provinces, xiii.
Wall Muhammad, jdc^irddr of Chandko,
was deprived of his estate by Mir Ali
Murad, and reinstated by Sir C. Napier,
iii- 359-
Walker, Colonel, made settlement of
Kathiawar (1807-08), viii. 91.
Walker, Colonel, referred to, on the
Safed Koh Mountains, xii. 98, 99.
Walker, Mr., quoted, on the value of
ants in fomiing soil, v. 244.
Wallace, Colonel W., died (1809), re-
garded as a holy man, and his tomb at
Sinir worshipped, xiii. 23.
Walpole, General Sir R., restored order
in Cawnpur District (Dec. 1857 -May
1858), iii. 283; retook Etawah (1858)',
iv. 372.
Walsad. See Bulsar.
Waltair, town and cantonment in Madras,
xiii. 516.
Walwa, tdhik in Bombay, xiii. 516.
Wan, river of Berar, xiii. 516, 517.
Wanala, petty State in Kathiawar, xiii.
517-
Wanbhachran, town in Punjab, xiii.
517-
Wandiwash, tdhik in Madras, xiii. 517.
Wandiwash, town in Madras, and battle-
field, xiii. 517, 518; battle of, and
defeat of the French under Lally by
Sir Eyre Coote (1760), article ' India,'
vi. 379, 380-
Wandren. See Bandra.
Wangadra, petty State in Kathiawar, xiii.
518.
Wankaner, petty State in Kathiawar,
xiii. 518.
Wankaner, town in Kathiawar, xiii. 519.
Wanna, petty State in Kathiawar, xiii.
Wanod, petty State in Kathiawar, xiii.
5'9- , , ,
Wansda. See Bansda.
Wanthali, ancient town in Kathiawar,
xiii. 519.
INDEX.
343
Wao, town and Native State in Bombay,
xiii. 519, 520.
Waori Dharwala, petty State in Kathia-
war, xiii. 520.
Waori Wachhani, petty State in Kathia-
war, xiii. 520.
War, Art of, in Vedic and Sanskrit times,
article ' India,' vi. no.
Waragam, petty State in Bombay, xiii.
520.
Warahi, town and Native State in Bom-
bay, xiii. 520, 521.
Waralis, wandering tribe in Ahmad-
nagar, i. 100 ; Nasik, x. 231 ; Poona,
xi. 205.
Warangal, historic capital in Deccan, xiii.
521.
Warangaon, town in Bombay, xiii. 521,
^522.
Waraseoni, town in Central Provinces,
xiii. 522.
Warbah, petty State in Assam, xiii. 522.
Warcha, salt-mine in Punjab, xiii. 522.
Ward, Sir H. G., Governor of Madras
(i860), ix. 67 ; buried in St. Mary's
Church there, ix. 109.
Ward, Baptist missionary at Serampur,
xii. 318.
Wardha, District in Central Provinces,
xiii. 522-529; physical aspects, 522-
524 ; history, 524, 525 ; population,
525, 526 ; agriculture, 526, 527 ; com-
merce and trade, 527, 52S ; admini-
stration, 528 ; physical aspects, 528,
529- ,
Wardha, tahsil in Central Provirices, xiii.
529-,
Wardha, town and centre of cotton trade
in Central Provinces, xiii. 529.
Wardha, river in Central Provinces, xiii.
530. ^
Wardwan, valley in Kashmir, xiii. 530.
Wari, town and lake in Bombay, xiii.
530. 531-
Wariya, king of Siam, his origin and
wars in Martaban, i. 235, 236 ; con-
quered Taung-ngu, xiii. 221.
Warnolimoti, petty State in Bombay,
xiii. 531. _
Warnolinani, petty State in Bombay, xiii.
531-
Warnolmal, petty State in Bombay, xiii.
531-
Warod (i), petty State in Kathiawar, xiii.
531-
W^arod (2), petty State in Kathiawar, xiii.
Warora, commercial town, tahsil, par-
gand, and coal-mine in Central Pro-
vinces, xiii. 532 ; coal - field, article
' India,' vi. 620.
Warren Hastings. See Hastings, Warren.
Warsora, petty State in Bombay, xiii. 533.
Wartal, sacred town in Bombay, xiii.
533-
Warud. See Bariir.
Wasan Sewada, petty State in Bombay,
xiii. 533.
Wasan Virpur, petty State in Bombay,
xiii. 533.
Washermanpetta, suburb of M"adras city,
-xiii. 533-
Wasna, petty State in Bombay, xiii. 533.
Waso, town in Baroda, xiii. 533.
Wassawad, petty State in Kathiawar, xiii.
534-
Wasurna. See Dang States.
Waterfalls, on Mount Abu, i. 5 ; at
Ajanta, i. I13 ; Amarkantak, i. 210;
Papanassam, i. 226 ; in the Anamalai
Hills, i. 270 ; of the BarapoH river, ii.
123 ; the Barkal Rapids, ii. 155, 156 ;
of the Beypur river, ii. 335; in Bhutan,
ii. 412 ; of the Bihar river at Chachai,
ii. 421; at Bijli, ii. 427; of the
Cauvery, iii. 278 ; in the Central Pro-
vinces, iii. 298, 299 ; of the Chambal,
iii. 331; Lake Charamai, iii. 370;
Chunchan, iii. 459 ; Courtallum, iv.
44 ; Demagiri, iv, 197 ; Dumra, iv.
320 ; Gersoppa, v. 121, xii. 377, 400 ;
of the Heshto at Kirwahi, v. 393 ; of
the Indus at Iskardoh, vii. 11 ; the
Dhuan-dhar near Jabalpur, vii. 31;
Kalhatti, vii. 325 ; of the Kapili river,
vii. 441 ; of the Karamnasa at Chhan-
pathar, vii. 465 ; of the Karnaphuli,
viii. 30 ; of the Kartairi at Kullar, viii.
49; in Kashmir, viii. 63; at Khandala,
viii. 147 ; Kolakambai, viii. 272 ; of
the Lakshmantirtha, viii. 443; Lalguli,
viii. 445 ; Hundrughagh at Dasam-
hagh in Lohardaga, viii. 477 ; Lo-
harinaig, viii. 487 ; the Lushington
Falls, viii. 532, xiii. 437; at Mahabal-
eshwar, ix. 142 ; Kokalhat, ix. 153 ;
Mahavinyaka, ix. 170; of the Kasai
near Raipur, ix. 278 ; in Mandla, ix.
301; Matheran, ix. 364; in Mirzapur,
ix. 453 ; Motijharna, ix. 521; Mugdai,
ix. 52S ; Nambar, x. 188 ; of the
Narbada, x. 207 ; of the Pabar, x.
511; Papanasham, xi. 53; of the
Penganga, xi. 133 ; at Pulgaon, xi.
239 ; Sansar Dhara, xii. 225 ; in the
Santal Parganas, xii. 227 ; Shahabad,
xii. 323, 324; Shahpur Hills, xii. 369;
Sivasamudram, xiii. 42, 43 ; of the
Subarnarekha, xiii. 84 ; of the Thaung-
yin, xiii. 276 ; Tilothu, xiii. 297 ; of
the Wardha at Soit, xiii. 530.
Water-mills in the Himalayas, article
' India,' vi. 9.
Water-supply, of Aden, i. 20-24; Ajmere,
344
INDEX.
i, 153 ; Bangalore, ii. 69 ; Baroda, ii.
169 ; Bhopal, ii. 406 ; Calcutta, iii.
257, 258 ; at Palta, xi. 20 ; Haidar-
abad (Sind), v. 288 ; Jaipur, vii. 60 ;
Karachi, vii. 460; Lahore, viii. 419;
Madras, ix. in ; Poona, xi. 210, 211 ;
Rangoon, xi. 484 ; Ratnagiri, xii. 13 ;
Satara, xii. 276, 286 ; Shillong, xii.
398 ; Simla, xii. 498 ; Bombay (Vehar
reservoir), xiii. 250, 465,466; Tuticorin,
xiii. 286.
Watrap, town in Madras, xiii. 534.
Watson, Admiral, bombardment and cap-
ture of Chandernagar, article ' India,'
vi. 382. Local notices — Stormed the
strongholds of the Angrias with Clive
(1756), iii. 38 ; retook Calcutta with
Clive (1757), iii. 242 ; memorial to, in
St. John's Church, Calcutta, iii. 252 ;
his capture of Chandernagar, iii. 357;
stormed Viziadrug (1756), viii. 263.
Watson, General, took Garhakota (1819),
V. 13; took Chauragarh (1S18), x.
219.
Watson, Mr., with a party of Agra
volunteers, took Khair (June 1857),
viii. 127, 128 ; defended the Mandrak
indigo factory against the mutineers
(July 1857), ix. 309. _
Watson, Major J. W.,his account of Than
condensed, xiii. 248, 249.
Watts, Mr., Resident at Kasimbazar,
taken prisoner by Siraj-ud-daula (1757),
viii. 81.
W^attus, Rajput clan of importance in
Sirsa, xiii. 14.
Waugh, Sir Andrew, Surveyor-General
of India, named Mount Everest, iv. 380.
Wavri. See Waori.
Wawanya, seaport in Kathiawar, xiii.
534; ,
\Vazirabad, tahsil in Punjab, xiii. 534.
Wazirabad, commercial town in Punjab,
xiii. 534, 535_.
Waziris, Afghan tribe in Bannu, ii.
92, 93-
Waziri Lag, tract of country in Punjab,
xiii. 535-
Waziri Parol, tract of country in Punjab,
xiii. 535, 536.
Waziri Rupi, tract of country in Punjab,
xiii. 536.
Wazir Muhammad of Bhopal, his wars
with the Marathas, and leap out of
Hoshangabad fort, v. 443 ; failed to
take Sohagpur (1803), xiii. 47.
Wazir Singh, Raja of Faridkot, helped
the English in the second Sikh war, and
in the Mutiny by guarding the Sutlej,
iv. 393-
Weber's, Prof., History of Indian Litera-
ture, quoted, article ' India,' vi. 94
(footnote); 102 (footnote i); 105 (foot-
note); no (footnote i) ; 127 (footnote
3); 154 (footnote); 168 (footnote 2);
172 (footnotes 2 and 3) ; 175 (footnote
i) : 176 (footnote 3) ; Indische Studien,
quoted, 161 (footnote i).
Wedderburn, Gen. David, killed at the
taking of Broach (1772), iii. 109 ; his
tomb there, iii. 1 15.
W^e-la-taung, village in Burma, xiii. 536.
Wellesley, Gen. the Hon. Sir Arthur
(afterwards Duke of Wellington),
his victories of Assaye and Argaum,
article ' India,' vi. 323 ; 398. Local
7zotices — Took Ahmadnagar (1803), i.
108; won battle of Argaum (1803),
i. 329 ; took Asirgarh, i. 339 ; won
battle of Assaye, i. 434 ; made road
over the Bhor Ghat, ii. 407 ; mentions
Sindkher as a nest of thieves (Jan.
1804), iii. 144, xii. 527 ; took Burhan-
pur, iii. 164 ; quoted, on the capture
of Gawilgarh, v. 43 ; on the import-
ance of Haliyal, v. 295 ; caught Dhun-
dhia Waugh at Manoli, ix. 338 ; took
Ranibennur, xi. 503 ; and Supa (1799),
xiii. 116.
W^ellesley, the Hon. Henry (afterwards
Lord Cowley), President of the Board
of Commissioners at Bareilly, ii. 140.
Wellesley, Richard, Marquis, Governor-
General of India (1798- 1803), article
' India,' vi. 394-397 ; French influence
in India, 394, 395 ; Lord Wellesley's
scheme, 395, 396 ; treaty with the
Nizam, 396 ; third INIysore war and
storming of Seringapatam, 396, 397 ;
second Maratha war (1802-04), and
annexations of territory', 398 ; British
successes and disasters, 398. Local
notices — Made over Gohad, Gwalior,
and Dholpur to the Rana of Gohad
(1804), iv. 276, 277; his subsidiary
treaty with the Nizam, v. 251; ordered
the troops invading Orissa to respect
the temple of Jagannath at Puri,
x. 445 ; protected the Rajput chiefs,
xi. 406.
Wellington, hill station and cantonment
in Madras, xiii. 536.
Welsh, Captain, in Assam (1792-94), i.
344-
Weltar, village in Central Provinces,
xiii. 536.
Wer, town in Rajputana, xiii. 536, 537.
W^erni, village in N.-W. Provinces, xiii.
537-
West, Mr. E., his researches at Kanhan,
ix. 168.
Western Dwars. See Dwars, Western,
and Jalpaiguri.
W^estern Ghats. See Ghats, Western.
INDEX.
345
Western Jumna Canal. 5'tv Jumna Canal,
Western.
Western Malwa Agency. See Mahva.
Westland, J., his description of the river
market of Chandkhali, quoted, iii.
359-
\\ estmacott's, Sir Richard, statue of
Warren Hastings in Town Hall, Cal-
cutta, iii. 251.
Whalley, P., quoted, on the administra-
tion of Kumaun, viii. 352.
Wheat, Statistics of cultivation and out-
turn of, article 'India,' vi. 4S6-488 ;
export of, vi, 573. Local notices —
Cultivated on Alount Abu, i. 7 ; in
Adegaon, i. 14 ; Afghanistan, i. 38 ;
Agra, i. 64 ; Ahmadnagar, i. 103 ;
Ajmere-Merwara, i. 125 ; Akalkot, i.
137 ; Akola, i. 143, 144 ; Ahgarh, i.
173; Allahabad, i. 189; Alwar, i.
205 ; Ambala, i. 220 ; Amraoti, i.
248 ; Amritsar, i. 259 ; Aundh, i.
384 ; Azamgarh, i. 398 ; Badakshan,
i. 407 ; Bahraich, i. 430 ; Balaghat,
i. 455 ; Balkh, ii. 15 ; Ballia, ii. 21 ;
Banda, ii. 51 ; Bannu, ii. 94 ; Bara
Banki, ii. no; Bardwan, ii. 130;
Bareilly, ii. 142; Baroda, ii. 164;
Basim, ii. 186 ; Basti, ii. 211 ; Benares,
ii. 258 ; Betul, ii. 331 ; Bhandara, ii.
364 ; Bhutan, ii. 413 ; Bijnaur, ii. 432 ;
Bilaspur, ii. 450 ; Bogra, iii. 29 ; Bom-
bay, iii. 53, 54; Budaun, iii. 120;
Bulandshahr, iii. 136, 137 ; Buldana,
iii. 146; Bundi, iii. 159; Upper Burma,
iii. 210; Cambay, iii. 271 ; Cawnpur,
iii. 285, 286 ; Central India, iii. 295 ;
Central Provinces, iii. 318 ; Chamba,
iii. 329 ; Champaran, iii. 341 ; Chanda,
iii. 352, 353 ; Chhindwara, iii. 401 ;
Chittagong, iii. 439 ; Cutch, iv. 61 ;
Cuttack, iv. 71 ; Daman, iv. 102 ;
Damoh, iv. in ; Danta, iv. 118;
Dehra Dun, iv. 174; Dera Ghazi
Khan, iv. 214; Dera Ismail Khan,
iv. 223 ; Dhar, iv. 246 ; Dholpur, iv.
274 ; Dingarh Kiner, iv. 303 ; Diu, iv.
305 ; Diingarpur, iv. 323 ; Ellichpur,
iv. 345 ; Etah, iv. 362 ; Etawah, iv.
374 ; Faizabad, iv. 384 ; Faridpur, iv.
403; Farukhabad, iv. 413; Fatehpur,
iv. 427 ; Firozpur, iv. 443 ; Garhwal,
V. 20 ; Gaya, v. 49 ; Ghazipur, v. 67 ;
Gonda, V. 152 ; Goona, v. 159; Gorakh-
pur, V. 169; Gujranwala, v. 184;
Gujrat, V. 193; Gurdaspur, v. 21 1 ;
Gurgaon, v. 220 ; Gwalior, v. 228 ;
Haidarabad, v. 245 ; Berar, v. 270 ;
Haidarabad (Sind), v. 280 ; Hamirpur,
v. 302 ; Hardoi, v. 326 ; Hazara, v.
365 ; Hazaribagh, v. 375 ; Herat, v.
391; Hissar, v. 430; Hoshangabad,
V. 446 ; Hoshiarpur, v. 455 ; Hugli,
v. 494 ; Indore, vii. 2 ; Jabalpur, vii.
33 ; Jafarabad, vii. 39 ; Jaipur, vii. 52 ;
Jalalabad, vii. 75 ; Jalandhar, vii. h8 ;
Jalaun, vii. 98; Jalpaiguri, vii. 1 13;
Jankhandi, vii. 127 ; Jath, \"ii. 148 ;
Jaunpur, vii. 155; Jehlam, vii. 172;
Jhabua, vii. 195 ; Jhalawar, vii. 2CO ;
Jhang, vii. 210 ; Jhansi, vii. 223 ;
Jodhpur, vii. 235, 238 ; Junagarh, vii.
262; Kabul, vii. 266; Kaiti, vii. 310;
Kaladgi, vii. 317; Kalsia, vii. 344;
Kangra, vii. 424 ; Kankrej, vii. 435 ;
Kapurthala, vii. 443 ; Karachi, vii.
448 ; Karauli, vii. 472 ; Karnal, viii.
24; Karond, viii. 46; Kashmir, viii.
72 ; Kawardha, viii. 106 ; Khairagarh,
viii. 130 ; Khairpur, viii. 136 ; Khan-
desh, viii. 156; Kheri, viii. 193;
Kistna, viii. 230 ; Kohat, viii. 247 ;
Kondka, viii. 288 ; Korea, viii. 297 ;
Kotah, viii. 306 ; Kuch Behar, viii.
323 ; Kulu, viii. 342 ; Kumaun, viii,
354 ; Kurundwad, viii. 376 ; Lahore,
viii. 410 ; Lahul, viii. 422 ; Lalitpur,
viii. 452, 453 ; Larkhana, viii. 463 ;
Lohardaga, viii. 483 ; Lucknow, viii.
497 ; Ludhiana, viii. 522 ; Madras
Presidency, ix. 30 ; Maimansingh, ix.
195 ; Mainpuri, ix. 208 ; Makrai, ix.
215 ; Maldah, ix. 244 ; Mallani, ix.
260 ; Malpur, ix. 264 ; Western Mahva,
ix. 269 ; Manbhum, ix. 283 ; Lake
Manchhar, ix. 286 ; Mandla, ix. 304 ;
Manpur, ix. 339 ; Mansa, ix. 340 ;
Meerut, ix. 387 ; Mehar, ix, 397 ;
Midnapur, ix. 429; Miraj, ix. 440;
Mirzapur, ix. 457, 458 ; Mohanpur,
ix. 474 ; IMonghyr, ix. 485 ; Mont-
gomery', ix. 498 ; Moradabad, ix. 509 ;
Mudhol, ix. 527 ; Multan, x. 7 ; Mur-
shidabad, x. 26, 29 ; Muttra, x. 48 ;
Muzaffargarh, x. 61 ; Muzaffarnagar,
X. 72 ; Mysore, x. loi ; Nadiya, x.
I3S> 136 ; Nagpur, x. 170 ; Narsingh-.;
pur, X. 221 ; Nasik, x. 232 ; Nawa-
nagar, x. 252 ; Nepal, x. 276 ; Nilgiri
Hills, X. 313; Nimar, x. 333; N.-W.
Provinces, x. 376, 377 ; Orissa, x. 459 ;
Oudh, X. 501 ; Pabna, x. 515; Palan-
pur Agency, x. 537 ; Palanpur, x. 539 ;
Palni Mountains, xi. 19; Panch Mahals,
xi. 32 ; Partabgarh, xi. 71 ; Patna, xi.
lOi ; Peshawar, xi, 153 ; Pilibhit, xi,
175 ; Pishin, xi. 190 ; Punjab, xi. 278;
Radhanpur, xi. 342 ; Rai Bareli, xi.
354> 355 ; Raipur, xi. 373 ; Rajputana,
xi. 418 ; Rajshahi, xi. 433 ; Ram-
drug, xi. 441 ; Rangpur, xi. 496 ;
Rawal Pindi, xii. 29 ; Rohtak, xii. 73 ;
Sagar, xii. 105 ; Saharanpur, xii, 120 ;
Sakti, xii. 148 ; Sangli, xii. 218 ;
346
INDEX.
Santal Parganas, xii. 232 ; Saran, xii.
255 ; Savanur, xii. 293 ; Sehwan, xii.
305; Seoni, xii. 312; Shahabad Dis-
trict, xii. 329 ; Shahabad (Kashmir),
xii-^ 337; Shahjahanpur, xii._ 349;
Shahpur, xii. 365 ; Sialkot, xii. 446 ;
Sibi, xii. 455 ; Sikkim, xii. 486 ;
Simla, xii. 493 ; Bind, xii. 520 ; Sirohi,
xiii. 5 ; Sirsa, xiii. 9 ; Sitapur, xiii.
34> 35 > Sultanpur, xiii. 100 ; Sunth,
xiii. 114; Tarai, xiii. 209; Udaipur,
xiii. 402 ; Unao, xiii. 432 ; Warahi,
xiii. 521 ; Wardha, xiii. 526 ; Wun,
xiii. 543 ; Yusafzai, xiii. 558.
Whirlpools, at Attock, i. 381 ; in Central
Provinces, iii. 298, 299.
Whish, Mr., discovered the table -land
in the Nilgiri Hills (1819), x. 303.
White, Major, Political Agent at .Sadiya,
killed by the Khamtis (1839), viii.
429, xii. 93.
Whitehill, John, acting Governor of
Madras (1777 and 1780), ix. 67.
Whitlock, Gen., recovered Bunda from
the mutineers, ii. 49 ; reached Mahoba
(Sept. 1858), V. 300.
Whitney's, Professor, Sanskrit Grammar,
quoted, article ' India,' vi. 334 (foot-
note l).
Wickes, T. H., Superintending Engi-
neer, made a special report for the
article on the Hugh river, v. 469.
Widows, Position of, in ancient India,
article 'India,' vi. 78.
Wihar, village in Central Provinces, xiii.
537-
Wilcox, Lieut., discovered connection of
the Tsan-pu with the Brahmaputra
(1827), vii. 19; visited the Khamti
country, viii. 144 ; the Mishmi Hills,
ix. 463.
Wilcox, Colonel, astronomer-royal to
the king of Oudh up to 1847, viii.
Wilde, Brigadier-General, failed to relieve
AH Masjid (1841), viii. 126.
Wilder, Mr., worked the lead mines on
Taragarh Hill, i. 118.
Wilford, Colonel, quoted, on the fort of
Gwalior, v. 236 ; on the Kol empire,
viii. 254 ; on the shells in the Sai river,
xii. 139.
Wilkinson, Col. Sir Thomas, his inter-
vention in Sambalpur (1827), xii. 180 ;
his policy with the Kols of Singhbhum
(1836), xii. 533.
Wilkinson, Colonel, cleared Budaun of
mutineers (185S), iii. 1 19.
Wilkes, Colonel, quoted, on the hill fort
of Gooty, V. 160, 161 ; on the siege of
Vellore (1780-82), xiii. 468.
Williams, Lieut. G. T., killed in attack
on Ramgarh (1814), monument to him
there, xi. 448.
Williams, Prof. Sir Monier, article
' India,' vi. 114; 129 (footnote i).
Willoughby, Sir John, his attempt to
force an eastern passage along the
north of Europe and Asia, vi. 363.
Willoughby, J., his description of the
manner in which the Bhils prepare
carnelians for the Cambay cutters,
quoted, iii. 274.
Willoughby, Lieut., blew up the maga-
zine at Delhi (1857), iv. 194.
Willshire, Gen. Sir A., stormed Khelat
(1839), ii. 31 ; returned by the Mula
Pass, ix. 535.
Wilson, Andrew, his description of the
Himalayas, v. 403 ; on the mountain
hamlets, v. 413.
Wilson, Bishop Daniel, chiefly built St.
Paul's Cathedral, Calcutta, iii. 251, 252.
Wilson, Dr. H. H., Works of, quoted,
article 'India,' vi. no (footnote i) ;
127 (footnote 2); 154 (footnote i);
Ariana Antigua, 175 (footnote I);
Vishnu Pur ana, iSo (footnote 4) ;
216, 217 (footnotes) ; Essays, 191
(footnote 2) ; Religio7t of the Hindus,
201 (footnote 2); 205 (footnote i);
206 (footnote 2) ; 210 (footnote 2) ;
221 (footnote 2) ; 223 (footnotes 3 and
4) ; on the antiquity of the Madhura
Sthala Pui-ana, ix. 122 ; his list of
the heads of the Sringeri monaster}',
xiii. 79.
Wilson, Dr. J., Indian Caste, quoted,
article 'India,' vi. 194 (footnote i);
195 (footnote 2); no (footnote i);
his supplementary reports to the Bom-
bay Census, iii. 49 ; believed the Beni-
Israel to be the lost ten tribes, viii.
266.
Wilson, Mr. James, his financial reforms
after the Mutiny, article 'India,' vi.
424.
Win-ba-daw, village and creek in Burma,
xiii. 537.
Winchester, Mary, carried off by Lushais
(1871), and rescued by the Lushai ex-
pedition, viii. 531.
Windham, Gen., defeated the mutineers
near Cawnpur, but lost that city (Nov.
1857), iii. 292.
Wingate, Sir George, on the trade of
Ratnagiri, xii. 11.
Wingfield, Sir Charles, kept safe by the
Raja of Balrampur in his fort during
the Mutiny, v. 149, 150; Chief Com-
missioner of Oudh, his land settlement
(1859), x. 503, 504.
Winter, Sir Edward, Governor of Madras
(1661-68), Lx. 66,
INDEX.
347
Wise, Dr. T. A., Revinc of the History
of Medicine among the Asiatics, quoted,
article ' India,' vi. no (footnote i).
Witchcraft still Relieved in, by the Bhils,
ii- 39°) 391 ; in Central Provinces, iii.
312 ; Chutia Xagpur Tributar)- States,
iii. 466 ; Kangra, vii. 421 ; by the
Karens, viii. 4 ; by the Bhils of Mahi
Kantha, ix. 178; of Mehwas, ix. 400,
401.
Wodeyar dynasty, in Mysore, x. 94, 115,
116.
Wohora, petty State in Bombay, xiii. 537.
Wokligas, agricultural caste in ^Mysore
State, x. 99, District, x. 117 ; Shimoga,
xii. 402 ; Tiimkur, xiii. 377.
Wolf, The, article ' India,' vi. 654.
Local notices — Akola, i. 141 ; Allah-
abad, i. 185 ; Amritsar, i. 255 ; An-
antapur, i. 274 ; Azamgarh, i. 393 ;
Baluchistan, ii. 36 ; Bankura, ii. 79 ;
Bannu, ii. 90; Bard%van, ii. 127 ; Bel-
lary, ii. 241 ; Bonai, iii. 85 ; Broach,
iii. 102; Budaun, iii. 1 17; Buland-
shahr, iii. 132 ; Cawnpur, iii. 280 ;
Clibindwara, iii. 399 ; Cochin, iv. 2 ;
Coimbatore, iv. 15 ; Cuddapah, iv. 48;
Darbhangah, iv. 123 ; Darjiling, iv.
131 ; Dera Ismail Khan, iv. 220 ;
Dharwar, iv. 259 ; Etawah, iv. 370 ;
Fatehpur, iv. 423 ; Firozpur, iv. 459 ;
Gangpur, iv. 478 ; Gaya, v, 45 ; Goda-
vari, V. 123 ; Gonda, v. 147 ; Goona,
v. 159: Gorakhpur, V. 165; Gurdaspur,
V. 207 ; Gurgaon, v. 216 ; Gwalior, v.
229 ; Haidarabad (Sind), "v. 275 ;
Hamirpur, v. 298 ; Hazaribagh, v.
370; Hissar, v. 427; Hoshiarpur, v.
452; Jaunpur, vii. 151 ; Jerrack, vii.
180 ; Jhang, vii. 206 ; Jhansi, vii. 217 ;
Kaladgi, vii. 315; Kangra, vii. 413;
Karachi, vii. 445 ; Karnul, viii. 35 ;
Kashmir, viii. 68 ; Kathiawar, viii.
96 ; Khairpur, viii. 133 ; Khandesh,
viii. 150; Kotah, viii. 304; Lahore,
viii. 404; Lalitpur, viii. 477; Larkhana,
viii. 463 ; Lohardaga, viii. 477 ;
Madras Presidency, ix. 8, 89 ; Alain-
puri, ix. 203 ; Manbhiim, ix. 279 ;
Mirzapur, ix. 453 ; Montgomery, ix.
495 ; Moradabad, ix. 505 ; Multan,
X. 3 ; Muttra, x. 45 ; Muzafifargarh, x.
58 ; Nimar, x. 328 ; Oudh, x. 483 ;
Partabgarh, xi. 69 ; Rajagriha Hills,
xi. 94 ; Peshawar, xi. 147 ; Pilibhit,
xi. 172; Pishin, xi. 188; Poona, xi.
200 ; Punjab, xi. 259 ; Rai Bareli, xi.
353 ; Rampa, xi. 454 ; Rawal Pindi,
xii. 22 ; Rohtak, xii. 69 ; Saharanpur,
xii. 115; Salem, xii. 152; Saran, xii.
252 ; Shahpur, xii. 361 ; Sholapur,
xii. 412 ; Sialkot, xii. 441 ; Sind, xii.
507 ; Sitapur, xiii. 30 ; Sultanpur, xiii.
97; Surat, xiii. 120; Tarai, xiii. 208;
Thar and Parkar, xiii. 264 ; Upper
Sind Frontier, xiii. 440 ; Wardha, xiii.
524 ; Wiin, xiii. 539.
Women, Position of, in ancient India,
and in Vishnu-worship, article ' India,'
vi. 78 ; 221.
Wontimetta. See Vontimitta.
Wood, Col., took Dharapuram (1768),
iv. 251; and Dharmapuri, iv. 254;
Kaveripatam and Kaveripuram, viii.
106 ; and Palghat, x. 543 ; commanded
against Ilaidar Ali in Salem and
Coimbatore Districts (1767-68), xii.
154; took Satyamangalam (1768), xii.
291 ; and Villupuram, xiii. 474.
Wood, Capt., his estimate of the popu-
lation of Tatta in 1837, xiii. 218.
Wood, Capt., fought his way through
Singhera Pass to relief of Sambalpur
(1857), xii. 178.
Woodbridge, Lieut., killed in a fight with
Surendra Sa on the Bara Pahar, xii.
181.
Wood car^'ingand turning, article 'India,'
vi. 112; 609. Local notices — Ahmad-
abad (blackwood), i. 96 ; Bhera, ii.
386 ; Lower Burma, iii. 198 ; Upper
Burma, iii. 217 ; Chiniot, iii. 418 ;
Cochin, iv. 7 ; Ghotki, v. 71 ; Hathras,
V. 355 ; Jampur, vii. 133 ; North Kanara,
^'ii- 373 > Karauli, vii. 473 ; Kathiawar,
viii. 96 ; by the Khamtis, viii. 144 ;
Kumpta, viii. 361 ; Mandalay, ix. 290;
Nagina (ebony), x. 160 ; Punjab, xi.
287 ; Saharanpur, xii. 122 ; Sahiwal, xii.
137; Sakhera, xii. 145; Sherghati,
xii. 380; Shimoga (sandal-wood), xii.
404 ; Sorab (sandal-wood), xiii. 65, 66 ;
Tando Lukman, xiii. 177 ; Tando
Muhammad Khan, xiii. 179 ; Vizaga-
patam (sandal-wood), xiii. 498.
Woodington, Colonel, took Champaner
(1802), iii. 333; Pawagarh (1803), xi.
122.
Woollen cloth, Manufacture of, Amraoti,
i. 251; Amritsar, i. 265; Bangalore
(steam factory), ii. 70; Bari, ii. 151 ;
Bikaner, ii. 439 ; Ellenabad, iv. 344 ;
Firozpur, iv. 445 ; Indralkaranji, v.
510; Islamabad, vii. 26; Jaipur, vii.
53 ; Kangra, vii. 426 ; Kashmir, viii.
73, 74 ; Kistawar, viii. 225 ; Kolha-
pur, viii. 284 ; Ludhiana, viii. 524 ;
Mallani, ix. 261. ^c" also Blankets.
Wootz or Indian steel, made in the Nal-
lamalai Hills, x. 185.
Wrestlers, hold their great meeting at
Hongal, V. 440.
Wright, Dr., botanist, his works on
Indian botany, ix. 81.
348
INDEX.
Wright, Dr., History of Nepal, quoted,
on Khatmandu, viii. 1S3-185; tlie
ancient history of Nepal, x. 274 ; on
Patan in Nepal, xi. 83.
Wudnere. See Badnera.
Wulur, lake in Kashmir, xiii. 537, 538.
Wulusna. See Walasna.
Wun, District in Berar, xiii. 538-546 ;
physical aspects, 538, 539 ; history,
539.. ,540; population, 540-543; the
Banjaras, 541 ; the Gonds, 542 ;
agriculture, 543, 544 ; commerce and
trade, 544, 545 ; administration, 545 ;
medical aspects, 545, 546.
Wun, town and talisil in Central Pro-
vinces, xiii. 546.
Wunala. See Wanala.
Wunnah. See Wannah.
Wursora. Sec Warsora.
Wusna. See Wasna.
Wye. See Wai.
Wymer, Col., sent to relieve Khelat-i-
Ghilzai from Kandahar (1842), vii.
.394-
^^ ynad. See Wainad.
Wynch, Alexander, Governor of Madras,
(1773-75), ix. 67.
Wyse, Mr., killed in the Mopla outbreak
of 1849, ix. 223.
Xavier, St. Francis, his work in India,
article ' India,' vi. 244, 245. Local
notices — Preached at Cochin (1530),
and made many converts, iv. 12 ; his
tomb in the Church of the Bom Jesus
at Old Goa, v. 107 ; patron saint of
Madras fishermen, ix. 25 ; his con-
version of the Paravars of Tinnevelli,
xiii. 302, 303. See also Roman
Catholic and Catholic.
Yabeins, race of silkworm rearers in
Lower Burma, iii. 183 ; Prome, xi.
233 ; Shwe-gyin, xii. 431 ; Taung-
ngu, xiii. 224 ; Tharawadi, xiii. 272.
Yadiki, town and temples in Madras,
^ xiii. 547.
Yagachi, river in Mysore, xiii. 547.
Yajnavalkya's Code of Hindu Law,
article ' India,' vi. 114, 115.
Yajur-Veda, The, article 'India,' vi. 88.
Yak, The, sure-footed beast of burden in
the Himalayas, article ' India,' vi.
9, 10. Local notices — Chamba, iii.
329 ; Himalaya Mountains, v. 409 ;
Kumaun, viii. 350 ; Spiti, xiii. 73.
Yak's tails, exported from Spiti, xiii. 73.
Yakiib Khan, recognised as Amir of
Afghanistan (1879), but later deposed
by the English, i. 52 ; by his victory on
the Helmand (1868) recovered Kan-
dahar for his father, vii. 395.
Yalamalia, town in Madras, xiii. 547.
Yale, Mr. M. E., purchased Fort St.
David (1690), and probalily gave it
that name, iv. 162 ; Governor of
Madras (16S7-92), ix. 66.
Yama, the Hindu god of death, Vedic
legend of, article 'India,' vi. 85.
Yamkanmardi, town in Bombay, xiii. 547.
Yanadis, aboriginal hill and jungle tribe,
in North Arcot, i. 315 ; Cuddapah, iv.
51; Kistna District, viii. 230; Nal-
lamalai Hills, x. 185 ; Nellore, x. 265,
266 ; Srihankot, xiii. 75.
Yanaon, French settlement on east
coast, xiii. 547, 548.
Yandabu, town in Upper Burma, scene
of treaty of 1826, xiii. 548 ; treaty of,
article ' India,' vi. 403, 404.
Yan-dun. See Nyaung-dun.
Yar Muhammad, his career, Shikarpur
his capital, xii. 388, 389 ; founded the
Kalhora dynasty in Sind and ruled
(1701-19), xii. 511.
Yashwantgarh. See Rairi.
Ya-theh-myo, ancient capital in Burma,
xiii. 549.
Yauk-thwa, river in Burma, xiii. 549.
Yavanas, the name applied to Greeks and
Scythians by the Brahmans, article
' India,' vi. 93 ; 172, 173.
Yawal, town in Bombay, xiii. 549-
Yaws, pedlars in Lower Burma, iii. 183.
Ye, town and river in Burma, xiii. 549.
Yedator, town, temple, and tdliik in
Mysore, xiii. 550.
Yedenalknad, taluk in Coorg, xiii. 550.
Yediyur, village in Mysore, xiii. 551.
Ye-g}'i, creek in Burma, xiii. 551.
Ye-gyi Pan-daw, town in Burma, xiii. 551,
Ye-kin, town in Burma, xiii. 551.
Yelagiri, hill tract in Madras, xiii. 551.
Yelahanka, village in iNIysore, xiii. 551.
Ye-la-maing, t6wnship in Burma, xiii.
\ elamanchili, village in Madras, xiii.
Yelandur, town and taluk in Mysore, xiii.
552-
\ ellamala, range of mountains in Madras,
xiii. 552, 553.
\ ellapur, town ^nd tali/k in Bombay,
xiii. 553. ^ '_<
Yelusavira, taluk in Coorg, xiii. 553, 554.
Yemiganur, town in Madras, xiii. 554.
INDEX,
349
Yenclaboo. See Vandabu.
Yenur, town in jNIadras, xiii. 554.
Yeola, tahsil m Bombay, xiii. 554.
Yeola, weaving town in Bombay, xiii.
554, 555-
Yeotmal, village and tahtk m Berar, xui.
555- . ,, ,
Yeiikalis, aboriginal tribe in JNorth
Arcot, i. 315 ; Cuddapah, iv. 51 ;
Kistna District, viii. 230 ; Nellore, x.
266.
Yerkad, hill station and sanitarium in
Madras, xiii. 555, 556.
Yernagudem, village and /a'/?/^ in Madras,
xiii. 556.
Yerramala. See Yellamala.
Yeshkuns, tribe in the Hindu Kush, v. 4 17.
Ye-su-daing, tidal creek in Burma, xiii.
556.
Yettumanur, tdhik in Travancore, xiii.
556.
\ oga, one of the six darsanas or Brah-
manical systems of philosophy, article
' India,' vi. 99.
Yogis, sect of Sivaite devotees, article
' India,' vi. 214.
Yoma or Roma, two mountain ranges in
Burma, xiii. 556, 557 ; article ' India,'
vi. 6.
Yule, Sir G. Udny, when Commissioner
of Bhagalpur, released all kainia
bondsmen in the Santal Parganas, xii.
233-
Yule's, Colonel Henry, Marco Polo,
quoted, article ' India,' vi. 151 (foot-
note 5) ; 152 (footnote i) ; 231 (foot-
note i) ; 233 (footnotes i and 2) ;
237 (footnote 4) ; 238 (footnotes) ; 239
(footnote 3) ; 356 (footnote) ; Cathay
and the Way Thither, 233 (foot-
note 2) ; 283 (footnote 5). Local
notices — His articles in iheEncyclopcedia
Britamiica used for the article on
Afghanistan, i. 27-53 '■> on the Anda-
man Islands, i. 281-2S7 ; Ava, i. 388-
390 ; quoted, on the derivation of the
name Bombay, iii. 74 ; his estimate
of the population of Upper Burma,
iii. 213; accompanied Major Phayre's
mission to Burma (1855), iii. 227;
quoted, on the Miiglis of the Hindu
Kush, V. 418 ; believes the Irawadi to
rise in the Langtam range of the
Himalayas, vii. 19; believes the Khasis
and Jaintias to be the same race, vii.
48 ; believes Masulipatam to be derived
from the root of ' Msesolia,' ix. 352 ;
quoted, on the source of the Sutlej, xiii.
140; on the Chins, xiii. 281.
Yun-za-lin, river in Burma, xiii. 557.
Yusaf Adil Shah, founded the kingdom of
Bijapur, and built the citadel there, ii.
424, 425 ; took Goa (15 10), but soon
lost it again, v. 100.
Yusafzai, tahsil m. Punjab, xiii. 557, 558.
Yusafzais, Pathan tribe in Afghanistan,
i. 42 ; and in Peshawar, xii. 150, 1 5 1.
Ywa-taung, town in Burma, xiii. 558.
Ywe, one of the mouths of the Irawadi,
xiii. 558, 559-
Zafarabad, village in N.-^V. Provinces,
xiii. 559.
Zafar Khan, sacked Somnath (1394), and
founded a Muhammadan dynasty in
Gujarat, viii. 91.
Zafarwal, town and tahsil in Punjab, xiii.
559- , . , , ,
Zahid Khan, appointed Nawab of Multan
by Muhammad Shah (1738), and
founded a dynasty, x. 4.
Zaidpur, weaving town in Oudh, xiii. 560,
Zalim Singh, of Kotah, the principality
of Jhalawar created for his descendants
(1838), vii. 199, 200 ; his enlightened
policy as regent of Kotah, viii. 305 ;
with help of English detachment won
victory at Mangrol (1821), ix. 317.
Za-lun, town and township in Burma,
xiii. 560.
Zama Khan, Rohilla governor of Jaun-
pur, expelled by Chait Singh of
Benares, vii. 153.
Zamaniah, town and tahsil in N.-^Y,
Provinces, xiii. 560.
Za-mi, river in Burma, xiii. 561.
Zamitjdari grant of the Twenty-four
Parganas, article ' India,' vi. 3S3.
Zainindars, or revenue land collectors
under the Mughals, converted into a
proprietary body by the Permanent
Settlement of Bengal, article ' India,'
vi. 439 ; 452.
Zamkha. See Zumkha.
Zamorins, Hindu dynasty of Calicut, their
struggles with the Portuguese, iii. 269 ;
the last burnt himself on the approach
of Haidar AH (1766), iii. 270; made
the Raja of Cochin tributary, iv. 11, 12.
Za-tha-byin, village in Burma, xiii. 561.
Zeman Shah, granted government of
Dera Ismail Khan to INIuhammad
Khan, iv. 221 ; Lahore to Ranjit Singh
(1799), viii. 406; and Sind to the
Talpur Mirs (1783), xii. 513.
Ze-ya-wa-di, township in Burma, xiii. 561.
Ziegenbalg, German missionary \\ho
established Lutheran mission at Tran-
quebar (1706), xiii. 185, 341.
35°
INDEX.
Zinc, found in Jodhpur, vii. 326 ; Raj-
putana, xi. 401 ; Udaipur, xiii. 401.
Zira, town and tahsil in Punjab, xiii. 561.
Zoffany, Portrait of Sir E. Impey by, in
High Court, Calcutta, iii. 251 ; Last
Supper by, in St. John's Church,
Calcutta, iii. 252.
Zoology and Botany of India, article
' India,' vi. chap. xxiv. pp. 652-664.
The Gujarat or maneless lion, 652 ;
tiger, 652 ; leopard, cheetah, 653,
654 ; wolf, fox, jackal, dog, 654 ;
bear, 655 ; elephant and elephant-
catching, 655, 656 ; rhinoceros, 656 ;
wild hog, 656, 657 ; wild sheep and
goats, 657 ; antelopes and deer, 657,
658 ; bison and buffalo, 658 ; birds of
prey and game birds, 659; leptiles,
660, 661 ; insects, 662 ; Indian flora,
662-664. For local notices, see Animals
above enumerated.
Zorawar Singh, general of Ghulab Singh's
Dogra troops, conquered Ladakh and
Balti (1834-35), and was then anni-
hilated in Rudokh, viii. 399.
Zulfikar Khan, Aurungzeb's general, took
Gingi (1698) after eight years' siege, i.
313) V. 83, 84; made Viceroy of the
Deccan and murdered (1713), v. 257 ;
sacked Saint Thome (1698), ix. 104;
seized the Dutch factory at Masulipatam
(1689), ix. 354.
Zumkha, petty State in Bombay, xiii.
562.
FINIS.
MORRISON AND GIEB, EDINBURGH,
PRINTERS TO HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE.
m
%,
M
I!
Wiotks 6]) ti}t same Eutfjor.
Slfflotfes ig tfte same ^aiiti^on
THE ANNALS OF RURAL BENGAL.
Fifth Edition, i6s.
' One of the most important as well as most interesting works which the records
of Indian literature can show. . . . Yellow-stained volumes from each District
Treasury in Bengal, family archives from the stores of Rajas, local information
collected by Pandits specially employed for the purpose, folk-lore supplied by
the laborious inquisition of native gentlemen, manuscripts in London, Calcutta,
and Bengal,— have all been laid under contribution ; and, as the initial result, we
liave the first volume of what promises to be a delightful and valuable history.' —
West7ninster Rruiew.
' It is hard to over-estimate the importance of a work whose author succeeds in
fascinating us with a subject so generally regarded as unattractive, and who,
on questions of grave importance to the future destiny of India, gives the results
of wide research and exceptional opportunities of personal study, in a bright,
lucid, forcible narrative, rising on occasion to eloquence.' — Times.
' Mr. Hunter, in a word, has applied the philosophic method of writing history
to a new field. . . . The grace, and ease, and steady flow of the writing almost
made us forget, when reading, the surpassing severity and value of the author's
labours.' — Fortnightly Rcvieiv.
' A work of the greatest talent, and one which will make an epoch in Indian
literature. The facts are set forth with the scrupulous exactness of an honest and
impartial judge, the scientific details are clothed in a dress at once clear and
picturesque. ' — Revue Bihliographiqiie Univeiselle,
A LIFE OF THE EARL OF MAYO,
FOURTH VICEROY OF INDIA.
Second Edition, Two Vols., 24s.
' The picture presented to us of the late Lord Mayo is a fair and noble one,
and worthy of the much lamented original.' — Edinburgh Reyieio.
' This masterly work has two great recommendations : it is the vividly and
faithfully told narrative of the lite of a man ; and it contains a lucid and
comprehensive history of recent administration in India.' — The World.
' It is long since we have come across a more admirable specimen of
biographical literature. . . . Nothing could exceed the completeness with which
the biographer has told the story of a noble life and a great career.' — The Hojir.
' The story told in Dr. Hunter's book is full of the deepest interest. ... A
permanent and very valuable addition to the standard literature of India.' —
Calcutta Quarterly Revinu.
' It is simply impossible that the story of this truly great and noble man's career
could have been told more simply or more impressively. . . . The second volume
constitutes a masterly and a complete account of the progress of legislation,
administration, and reform in India during the last five years.' — Home Neu>s.
' In no other book with which we are acquainted can so comprehensive a sketch
of the machinery of the Indian Government, and of the history of the great
Departments which compose it, be found.' — Calcutta Englishman,
WORK'S BY THE SAME AUTHOR.
O RI S S A:
OR,
THE VICISSITUDES OF AN INDIAN PROVINCE UNDER
NATIVE AND BRITISH RULE.
Two Vols., Map and Steel Engravings, 32s.
* The mature and laborious work of a man who has devoted the whole power
of his mind, first to the practical duties of his profession as an Indian civilian,
and next to the study of all that relates to or can illustrate it. As long as
Indian civilians write books like this — as long as they interest themselves so
passionately in their work, and feel so keenly its connection with nearly every
subject which can occupy serious thought — the English rule will not only last,
but will prosper, and make its subjects prosper too.' — Pall Mall Gazette.
'A model of what official research and scholarly zeal ought to do. Mr,
Hunter's forcible and excellent literary style is a gift of the utmost importance,
and makes his work as fascinating as it is full and laborious. A book of striking
grasp, interest, and completeness.' — Fortnightly Review.
' It is difficult to know whether the book is most praiseworthy for its literary
style, its wide grasp of facts, or its humane zeal.' — IVeftminster Revieiv.
' More complete, more full of deep research, and more interesting than his first
[work], excellent as that was. The present volumes lead us closely among the
millions who form the Indian subjects of the Queen ; teach us what they are in
social, religious, and industrial aspects ; make us acquainted with their ancient
and modern history ; and show us what waves of vicissitude have passed over
them in faith and in administration, from the earliest period to which inves-
tigation can extend.' — Colonel Meadows Taylor in ' Ocean Highways.^
'A great subject worthily handled. He writes with great knowledge, great
sympathy with the Indian people, a keen and quick appreciation of all that is
striking and romantic in their history and character, and with a flowing and
picturesque style, which carries the reader lightly over ground which, in less
skilful hands, might seem tedious beyond endurance.' — Saturday Review,
FAMINE ASPECTS OF BENGAL DISTRICTS.
Second Edition, 7s, 6d.
' One of the boldest efforts yet made by statistical science. ... In this work
he has laid down the basis of a system, by which he may fairly claim that
scarcity in Bengal has been reduced to an affair of calm administrative calcula-
tion.'— Daily News.
' A work which deserves to be widely known and carefully considered by every
one who wishes to understand the policy of the Government of India in relation
to the famine.' — Pall Mali Gazette.
THE INDIAN MUSALMANS.
Second Edition, 8s.
'A masterly Essay.' — Daily News.
WORKS BY THE SAME AUTHOR.
A DICTIONARY OF THE NON-ARYAN LANGUAGES
OF INDIA AND HIGH ASIA:
BEING A GLOSSARY OF 139 LANGUAGES, BASED UPON THE
HODGSON PAPERS, OFFICLAL RECORDS, AND MSS.
WITH A POLITICAL DISSEKTATION ON THE ABOKIGINAL RACES.
Quarto, Two Guineas.
' We trust that this book M'ill be the starting-point in a new era for our Indian
Empire, and that the course recommended in it will immediately engage the
attention of our Indian statesmen.' — Atheiiccuvi.
' Mr. Hunter has prefixed to the body of his work a Dissertation which it is
within our competence to appreciate, and which we unhesitatingly pronounce to
contain one of the most important generalizations from a series of apparently
isolated facts ever contributed to Indian history. ... It is between these [non-
Aryan] masses and the British Government that Mr. Hunter hopes by his book to
establish a lasting link ; and whatever the result of his linguistic labours, in this
one labour of mercy he has, we believe, succeeded. Non-Aryans will not again
be shot down on the faith of statements from Hindu settlers, who first seize
their lands, and then bind them down, under the Indian law of ^debt, into a
serfdom little removed from slavery.' — Spectator.
' The political value of Mr. Hunter's new book is this, that he has put before
the public, official and non-official, such a view of the character and capacities
of the non-Aryan tribes, and of our gross mismanagement of them in the past,
that no one, whether the Governmen| or the Christian Church, will dare to
withhold from them the civilisation which will convert at least twelve millions
of frank, truthful, industrious races into the most loyal of our subjects.' — Fj-icjui
of India.
' The primitive non-Aryan population of India has seldom been the subject
of European research. The ignorance of their habits and views inevitably brings
forth mistakes in dealing with them, and the author traces their chronic hostility
to the British power in a large measure to this source. He discloses the means
for putting an end to this unhappy state of things, and for utilizing the tribes as
soldiers and reclaimers of the soil. . . . Besides this very practical aim, Mr.
Hunter's Dictionary will bring the important ethnological questions which he
has propounded in his Dissertation nearer to a definite solution.' — Litcrarisches
Centralblatt.
' It is a singular good fortune for the aboriginal tribes of India to have drifted
into the favour of so brilliant a writer and so accomplished a scholar. Their
connection with Mr. Hunter was one of those accidents in history which are the
mother of great events.' — Hindu Patriot.
ESSAYS ON THE EXTERNAL POLICY OF INDIA.
BY THE LATE J. W. S. WYLLIE, M.A., C.S.L,
0/ Her Majesty's India Civil Service, sometune Actitig Fo7-eign Secretary to i!ie
Coverinnent of India.
Edited, with a Life and Notes, by W. W. HUNTER, B.A., LL.D.
One Vol., 14s.
' The editorship of Mr. W. W. Hunter is a guarantee that the work is all
fhat literary accomplishments can make it.' — Sattirday Review.
WORKS B Y THE SAME A UTHOR.
\
A STATISTICAL ACCOUNT OF BENGAL.
In Twenty Vols. , Half Morocco, 5s. each, with Maps ;
AND
A STATISTICAL ACCOUNT OF ASSAM.
Two Vols., Half Morocco, 7s. 6cl. each, with Maps.
' Un ensemble d'efforts digrie d'une grande nation, et comma aiicune autre
n"en a fait jusqu'ici de semblable pour son empire colonial.' — Rcvkc Critique.
' The Englishman who dips, as we have done, into this deep spring, will be
filled with a new and nobler pride for the Empire which his nation has made
and maintained as their own in the East. Not warlike fame, nor imposing
majesty, wealth, or .the national power which guarantees the sovereignty of
India, make upon him the strongest impression ; it is much more the feeling
of the earnest and responsible duty which fate has imposed upon his Country
to free India from anarchy and misrule, — to make it the England of Asia, and
the centre of a ne\v" civilisation for that continent from which issued the first
stream of enlightenment to enrich the world.' — Berlin Magazin fiir die Literattir
lies Aiislandcs.
' We have here for the first time a trustworthy, intelligent, and interesting
account of each District of the principal Province of India — a marvel of industry
and organization of which any man might be proud.' — Calcutta Quarterly
Revieiv.
' A mine of varied and valuable material is here offered to the student of human
history.' — North American Review.
' Twenty volumes of material, collected under the most favourable auspices, are
built up under his hands into a vast but accessible storehouse of invaluable facts.
Invaluable to the statesman, the administrator, and the historian, they are no less
interesting to the general reader. Mr. Hunter undoubtedly has the faculty of
making the dry bones of statistics live. But they also contain matter which may
be regarded as the foundation of the yet unwritten history of Bengal. They are
a guide for administrative action now. They also seem to be the point of a new
departure for the future,' — Nineteenth Century.
THE IMPERIAL GAZETTEER OF INDIA.
OPINIONS OF THE PRESS ON THE FIRST EDITION.
' The Imperial Gazetteer will be the fniit and condensation of a series of Statis-
tical Surveys o^each of the Administrative or Political Divisions of India, specially
and minutely compiled within moderate limits of time.' — Despatch from the
Secretary of State to the Governvient of India, dated 22nd February 1877.
' A great work has been unostentatiously carried on for the last twelve years in
India, the importance of which it is impossible to exaggerate, and the results of
which are now, in a carefully digested form, presented to the public. This is
nothing less than a complete Statistical Survey of the entire British Empire
in Hindustan, which Dr. Hunter has condensed into the practical form of an
Imperial' Gazetteer of India. . . . The article India, in Volume IV., is the
touchstone o£ the work, and proves clearly enough the sterling metal of which
it is wrought. It represents the essence of the lOO volumes which contain the
results of the Statistical Survey conducted by Dr. Hunter throughout each of
the 240 Districts of India. It is, moreover,, the only attempt that has ever been
made to show how the Indian people have been built up, and the evidence froni
the original materials has been for the first time sifted and examined by the light
IVORKS BY THE SAME AUTHOR.
of the local researches in which the author was for so long engaged. ... In
treating of ancient India, the author has made no use of Mill's work, but has
written the history afresh from original translations of the Sanskrit literature of
the period. The story of mediceval India could scarcely be told without the
aid of Elphinstone's well-known work, but Dr. Hunter has gone back in every
case to the original sources, from Elphinstone to Ferishta, and from him to the
Arab geographers and Persian historians contained in Sir Henry Elliot's nine
volumes on the same subject. In the accounts both of ancient and mediaeval
India, use has been made of the latest discoveries of the Archssological Survey,
which is still being carried on. The great feature of this remarkable article,
and that in which its chief usefulness consists, is, perhaps, the constructive
account of the Indian people, and the synthesis of Hinduism from the actually
existing facts, as revealed hy Dr. Hunter's survey and by the first Indian census.'
— The Times (first notice. May 26, 1881).
' The publication of the Imperial Gazetteer of India marks the completion of
the largest national enterprise in statistics which has ever been undertaken. This
gigantic work has been carried out under the uninterrupted direction of Dr.
Hunter, its original designer, from the initial stage of local inquiiy in each of the
240 Districts of India to the final arrangement of the results in an alphabetical
form. . . . The great value of this work is not only that it gives for the first time
a complete account of India, and places in a clear light before our eyes the
political, social, and physical condition of millions of our fellow-subjects, of
whom before we had no accurate conception ; but that it also breaks the long
spell of disappointment and failure, which has hitherto hung over the efforts of
the Indian Government towards an elucidation of the country it governs.
Hitherto no one has believed in Indian statistics. Every official statement made
on any Indian subject has been contradicted point-blank. . . . The volumes
supply, for the first time, materials by means of which British statesmen at home,
and the British public at large, can criticise the actions of our Proconsuls in the
East. Both Englishmen and native Indians will be thankful for a work, the
accuracy, fulness of detail, completeness of information, and masterly arrange-
ment of which constitute it a real and invaluable help to all who do honest work
in India, and to all who honestly judge of Indian work at home. ... It is one
of the grandest works of administrative statistics which have ever been issued by
any nation, and should earn for its author and designer the gratitude of every
one who has the welfare and good government of our Indian Empire at heart.'
— The Times (second notice).
' The Statistical Surs'ey of India marks an epoch in the approximation of Indian
rule to our English ideas of good government, and forms the necessary comple-
ment to the transfer of India from a Commercial Company to the direct admini-
stration of the Crown. That transfer placed the authority over the Indian
Government in the hands of the Imperial Parliament, but it supplied no data by
which the people of England, through their constitutional representatives, could
safely wield their newly acquired authority. . . . Of the obstructions and difficulties
which such a work was sure to encounter. Dr. Hunter says not a word. . . .
This masterful silence as to difficulties thrust on one side, obstacles beaten down,
unjust jealousies and just susceptibilities conciliated, and individual wills con-
trolled, is the finest characteristic of the body of Englishmen who administer
India ; and is a distinctive trait of our countrj'men, wherever they are called upon
to nile in the colonies and outlying dependencies which form the mighty
aggregate of the wide-scattered British Empire. . . . No nation has ever
attempted so comprehensive, so detailed, and so stupendous a statistical enterprise,
and the whole has been planned and executed with a smoothness and a certainty
which are truly marvellous.' — The Atheiurum.
' England has brought India for the first time under one empire ; and Mr.
Hunter, also for the first time, has exhibited before us on a panoramic scale the
vastness of our responsibility, and has afforded us the means of performing our
trust under the guidance of full knowledge. ' — The Pall Mall Gazette.
' The Imperial Gazetteer is the crowning work which brings the results of the
great Statistical Survey within reach of the general public. It_ represents twelve
years of incessant labour, demanding many high qualities for its efficient execu-
tion, and natural gifts such as are rarely combined in one man. Learning,
experience, and scholarly research were no less essential than habits of accurate
WORKS BY THE SAME AUTHOR.
thought, administrative talent, and orderly, methodical arrangement. Above all,
imagination was needed — that quality without which work cannot be endued
w'ith life and movement, but remains dead, a mere receptacle of lifeless facts. It
is to the rare combination of literary skill and the imaginative faculty, with the
qualifications of an able and energetic administrator, that we owe the completion
of this great and difficult task. It is no ordinary ser\-ice that Dr. Hunter has
done to India and to England ; and, for his hard and admirably performed
achievement, he has earned the gratitude of his countrj-men.' — Clements R.
Markhavi in the ' Academy.''
' A model of combined lucidity, conciseness, and comprehensiveness. . . .
Emphatically a great work — great in its magnitude, and still greater in the
beneficial results it is calculated to produce.' — The Economist.
' The Imperial Gazetteer of India, which, without exaggeration, may be called
a magnificent work, alike in its conception and execution, will go far to supply
the present and future guardians of our great dependency with tlie accurate and
systematized knowledge of the countries and peoples under their rule, without
which the highest political ability and the very best intentions are condemned to
work in the dark. If Dr. Hunter had no other claim — and he has many — to the
gratitude of all interested in the welfare of the inhabitants of India, and the
efficiency of the machine of government on which much of their happiness and
prosperity depends, this splendid memorial of his ability, industry, and persever-
ance would have been sufficient to give him a place among those w ho have worthily
performed great and useful tasks.' — The Statist.
' Hitherto the cardinal defect in our administration of India, keenly felt and
bitterly deplored by all earnest men in the country, has been lack of adequate
continuous trustworthy information. It is clearly not too much to say of Dr.
Hunter's magnum opus, that it has changed all that ; the system and method of
Indian administration take a new departure from the date of its publication. . . .
No one undertaking that we have yet accomplished in India, or for India, has
promised such far-reaching benefits. Dr. Hunter, handing over to a successor the
easy task of keeping his work serviceable and in good repair, will doubtless
receive, from the Government which he has served so well, promotion commen-
surate with the importance of his labours ; but he \i'\\\ have the far higher
satisfaction of feeling that in the Imperial Gazetteer he has left a monument of
his ability and industry more lasting than brass. ' — Allefi's hzdian Mail.
' Between 1769 and 1855, the East India Company set on foot many attempts
towards the production of a comprehensive description of its possessions. The
only result was a storehouse of important materials in a fragmentary state. With
the transference of the government to the Crown in 1858, the need of information
became more and more urgently felt. The half-personal, half-traditional know-
ledge possessed by the Company's officers disclosed many deficiencies from its
isolated character ; while they also held far too lightly the English responsibility
of governing in a constitutional manner the subjugated States. Lord Mayo, as
Viceroy, appointed Dr. Hunter to the head of the Indian Statistical Department,
and entrusted to him the descriptive survey of this great country inhabited by 240
millions of men. ... In nine volumes he presents an exposition of the Indian
Empire. The Imperial Gazetteer of India is an example of clearness and com-
prehensiveness with the concise treatment of all the essential features of a countiy.
Although alphabetically arranged, the Gazetteer is no bare survey of the matters
dealt with. It sets forth the fruits of the author's personal and long-protracted
researches, and forms a monument of Dr. Hunter's knowledge of the topography,
agriculture, administration, and health-aspects of the whole Empire of India.' —
Kdlnische Zcitung.
PRICE ONE SHILLING.
ENGLAND'S WORK IN INDIA.
' The fruit and condensation of Mr. Hunter's labours.'
WORKS BY THE SAME AUTHOR.
London : TRUBNER & CO, Ludgate Hill.
f\
PRICE THREE AND SIXPENCE.
A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE INDIAN PEOPLE.
Seventh Edition. Fifty-Sixth Thousand.
This Edition incorporates the suggestions received by the author from Directors
of Public Instruction and other Educational authorities in India ; its statistics are
brought down to the last Census ; and its narrative, to the year 1884. The work
has received the emphatic approval of the organ of the English School Boards, \
and is largely employed for educational purposes in Europe and America. *
' Within flie compass of some 250 pages we know of no history of the people '
of India so concise, so interesting, and so useful for educational purposes as this.'
— The School Board Chronicle (London).
' " A Brief History of the Indian People," by W. W. Hunter, presents a sort of
. bird's-eye view both of India and of its people from the earliest dawn of historical
records. Although designed as a popular handbook, the little volume is a work
of authority and of original value.' — The Daily Ncivs (London).
' Dr. Hunter may be said to have presented a compact epitome of the results
of his researches into the early history of India ; a subject upon which his
knowledge is at once exceptionally wide and exceedingly thorough. . . . The
book is excellently adapted, either as an introduction to more extended studies ©n
the subject, or to give a respectable measure of general knowledge to people who
have not the time or opportunity to acquire more.' — The Scotsman (Edinburgh).
' Dr. Hunter's history, if brief, is comprehensive. It is a storehouse of facts ■
marshalled in a masterly style ; and presented, as history should be, without the
slightest suspicion of prejudice or suggestion of partisanship. Dr. Hunter
observes a style of severe simplicity, which is the secret of an impressive .presenta-
tion of details.' — The Daily Kevic^v (Edinburgh).
* We part from Mr. Hunter with much respect for the care he has taken in
writing this snTall manual. We consider it to be by far the best manual of
Indian History that has hitherto been published, and quite equal to any of the
Historical Series for Schools, edited by Dr. Freeman. We trust that it will soon
be read in all the schools in this Presidency.' — The Times of India.
Extract from a criticism by Edward Giles, Esq., Inspector of Schools,
Northern Division, Bombay Presidency : — ' My knowledge of Schools in this
country has led me to the conclusion, that the experience of the students ;of history
is confined to the acquisition of masses of statistics, names and dates, learnt
without intelligence. What we require is a book which shall be accurate as to
facts, but not overloaded with them ; written in a style which shall interest,
attract, and guide uncultivated readers ; and short, because it must be sold at a
reasonable price. These conditions have never, in my opinion, been realized
previous to the introduction of this book.'
' The publication of the Hon. W. W. Hunter's School History of India is an
event in literary history.' — Reis ^^ Rayyct (Calcutta).
' We have not come across a single work on Indian History which we have
read with greater pleasure and greater pride. As a historian, Dr. Hunter has
done full justice to the people of India. He has succeeded in writing a history
of India, not only in such a way that it will be read, but also in a way which we
hope will lead young Englishmen and young natives of India to think more
kindly of each other. The Calcutta University has done wisely in prescribing
this brief history as a text-book for the Entrance Examination.' — The Hindoo
Patriot (Calcutta).
I
II
I
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405
H8
1885
v.U
Cat.Dept.
Hunter, (Sir) William Wilson
The Imperial Gazeeteer of
India
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