An Irish-English dictionary ..

to

ai tlje

of

Professor Lavell

OR, AN

IRISH-ENGLISH

DICTIONARY.

OR, AN

IRISH-ENGLISH

DICTIONARY;

THE IRISH PART

HATH BEEN COMPILED NOT ONLY FROM VARIOUS IRISH VOCABULARIES,
PARTICULARLY THAT OF MR. EDWARD LHLYD,

BOX ALSO FROM A GREAT VARIETY OF THE

BEST IRISH MANUSCRIPTS NOW EXTANT ;

ESPECIALLY

THOSE THAT HAVE BEEN COMPOSED FROM THE NINTH AND TENTH CENTURIES, DOWN

TO THE SIXTEENTH ; BESIDES THOSE OF THE LIVES OF
SAINT PATRICK AND SAINT BRIDGIT, WRITTEN IN THE SIXTH AND SEVENTH CENTl'RinS.

BY J. O'BRIEN.

llt proua^o antitJ . , y, ,

dicarn, mcdiis anteriorum. Itaque utex Anglicis lingua? veterum Saxonura, et ex Cambricis veterum Gallo-
rum; ita ex Hibernicis vetustiorum adhuc Celtarum, Germaoorumque, et ut generaliter dicam, accolarum
Ooeani Britannici Cismarinorura antiquitates illustrantur. Et si ultra Hiberniara esset aliqua iiuula Celtic!
fermoois, ejus filo in multo adhuc antiquiora duceremuT.—LeibnitzJus, CoUectan. Etyatoi. vol. 1. p. 153.

SECOND EDITION,

REVISED AND CORRECTED.

DUBLIN :
PRINTED FOR HODGES AND SMITH,

21, COLLEGE-GREEX.
1832.

Printed by H.

PREFACE

TO THE SECOND EDITION.

IT is due to the public to offer an apology for undertaking an
office for which I must be so little qualified as that of an Editor
of an Irish Dictionary ; and it may not be amiss to give some
reasons for selecting O'Brien's Dictionary for republication.

I should not have undertaken this work could I have met
with any person, zealous for education through the medium of
the Irish language, who was better qualified than myself.
There are, 1 regret to say, very few persons zealous in this
cpuse, who are well acquainted with the vernacular tongue,
and I found none of those few sufficiently disengaged to un-
dertake the labour. I would not under any circumstances have
ventured upon the work entirely alone, but I was fortunate
enough to find in my neighbourhood an intelligent and trust-
worthy assistant, Mr. Michael M'Ginty, a good Irish and
English scholar, to whose industry and attention I am glad of
having this opportunity of bearing testimony. He was not
unwilling to take directions, and to go by rule towards se-
curing uniformity in the spelling and accents of the Irish
words. He has revised every line, and no change has been made
either in the orthography or the accentuation without having
authority from the Irish Bible, or some other printed Irish
book.

It may be a further apology for one not originally ac-
quainted with the language undertaking such an office, to re-
mark, that the Irish language has been very little indebted to
natives for its cultivation. Those works which have contri-
buted most to furnish a standard for the language, or to facili-
tate its study, have come from the labours of strangers. I
need but mention the name of Vallancey, who, though an
Englishman, has done more to promote Irish literature than

VI PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION.

all the native Irish put together. But in connexion with an
Irish Dictionary, I cannot omit to mention the name of Ed-
ward Lhuyd, a learned Welchman, to whom we owe the first
Irish-English Dictionary that ever issued from the Press.
How far we are indebted to him for the Dictionary now re-
printed, will appear in the sequel. Mr. Lhuyd was a very
eminent linguist, and engaged deeply in researches into the
ancient languages of Great Britain ; for the furtherance of
which study he set himself to learn the Irish language. The
circumstances which led him to this work will best appear by
the following extract from his Preface to the Irish Dictionary,
published in his Archaeologia Britannica, a translation of which
Preface is to be found at the end of Nicholson's Irish Library :

" It is but reasonable that I here make an apology for un-
dertaking to write and publish a Dictionary of a different lan-
guage from my native tongue, and which I did not learn by
ear from any person whose native language it was.

" Some Welch and English gentlemen laid their com-
mands on me to write something beyond what has hitherto
been published concerning the original antiquity of the British
nation, and in regard, that the old and ancient languages are
the keys that open the way to the knowledge of antiquity, I
found it the more necessary to make myself as much master
as possible of all the old obsolete words of my own native lan-
guage ; for it was generally owned and taken for granted,
(whether true or false,) that the British was the first and most
ancient language in Great Britain.

" As soon as I had made, by the help of a certain parch-
ment manuscript, a tolerable progress in the old British lan-
guage, I found my knowledge therein not. only imperfect and
defective as to the meaning and signification of the old names
of persons and places, but also that there were many more
words in the old statutes, histories, and poems, whose signifi-
cations still remained to me very dubious and obscure, not-
withstanding the great benefit and advantage we have from
the Welch and Latin Dictionary compiled by the very learned
and ingenious Dr. J. Davies, and printed at London, A. D.
1632.

" This difficulty naturally led me to conjecture that a little
skill in the old Irish words would be very useful to me in ex-
plaining those old British words, and therefore I applied my-
self to read the Irish Bible, and the Chronological History of

PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION. Vll

Ireland, written by the learned antiquary, Dr. J. Keating,
with a few modern books that occasionally fell into my hands;
and being persuaded that making a collection of the words
would very much assist my memory, I therefore at first made a
Dictionary for ray own particular use, which afterwards
swelled to the bulk you now see it in the following impression.

" As concerning those words which are not distinguished
with a letter or any other mark, I collected them for the most
part out of divers Irish books, but most particularly from the

Old Testament, translated into Irish by the friar, King,

at the desire and expense of Dr. William Bedel, Bishop of Kil-
more, and from Dr. William O'Donel, Archbishop of Tuam,
his translation of the New Testament."

From this account of the origin of Mr. Lhuyd's Dic-
tionary, it appears that the Irish Bible of Daniel and Bedel
formed a principal foundation of his work, and that it would
itself be likely to be very useful to those engaged in the study
of the Irish Scriptures.

Our author O'Brien availed himself largely of Lhuyd's
labours, and so made his book a repository of his predecessor's
Selections from the Holy Scriptures, as will appear from a
reference to his Preface, p. xliii. We have then, in fact, in
O'Brien's Dictionary a work particularly suited for the study
of the Irish Bible, in which references are often made to the
chapter and verse. This circumstance had great weight with
me in selecting this work for republication ; and I have myself
made use of both O'Brien's and O'Reilly's Dictionaries in reading
parts of the Irish Bible, and I have no hesitation in saying that
I found O'Brien's, though the smallest, far the most satisfac-
tpryof Jthejtwp, from his frequently inserting Scripture phrases
andTeferences. Whilst then O'Brien's Dictionary has this
recommendation to the student of Scripture, it recommends
itself on many accounts to the native Irish reader. O'Brien
was a thorough Irishman, a Roman Catholic Bishop of Cloyne ;
he has inserted in his book much of Irish families and of Irish
geography, which will make it very interesting to those of
Irish blood, and will no doubt give the book an increased po-
pularity and circulation.

It is further no slight recommendation of this book that
it can be sold at nearly one-third of the price of O'Reilly's,
which was so expensive as to preclude the possibility of gene-
ral circulation.

Vlll PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION.

It is necessary to state the peculiarities of this edition,
which I feel confident will be considered improvements.
O'Brien's Dictionary was printed throughout in the Roman
character, and Irish, English, Hebrew, Greek, and Latin words
were all written in the same letter. In this edition eo,ch Ian-
guage has its appropriate character. In order to render the
work popular among the Irish this change was necessary with
regard to the Irish words, and every scholar will feel the pro-
priety of the change in the Greek and Hebrew words. In the ^
course of my reading some parts of the New Testament, I dis- N_
covered a few words omitted in O'Brien's book, and friends
have communicated a few other omissions. These words 1
have inserted, taking care in every instance to state the autho-^ ,,
rity on which the word has been introduced by a reference to
the book, chapter, and verse of the Bible in which it is to be
found.

That there may be many imperfections in the execution of
this work I think not improbable, considering the circum-
stances under which it has been undertaken ; that in spite of
all its imperfections it will be found an effective assistant in the
study of Irish literature I have no doubt ; that it will be par-
ticularly useful to the student of the Irish Bible I am fully
persuaded. I ardently desire the intellectual and spiritual
culture of the natives of my country, my kinsmen according to
the flesh, who speak the Irish language. I see no reason why
they should not have their language cultivated as well as the
Scotch and the Welch. I anticipate national and individual
improvement from the education of the people of Ireland
through the medium of their own language.

With these convictions and these hopes I have given my
time and labour to the Work. I now send it forth to the Irish
public, bespeaking their candid acceptance of what has been
undertaken for their good ; and though it be but a Dictionary
of Words I can commit it to the blessing of God as one link
in a chain of mercies which I trust he has in store for my

country.

ROBERT DALY.

POWEKSCOIIRT,

August, 1832.

PREFAC E

TO THE FIRST EDITION.

THE tedious and difficult task both of compiling and correctly printing
the IRISH DICTIONARY now offered to the public, hath been undertaken
by its Editor with a view not only to preserve for the natives of Ireland,
but also to recommend to the notice of those of other countries, a lan-
guage which is asserted by very learned foreigners to be the most ancient
and best preserved dialect of the old Celtic tongue of the Gauls and
Celtiberians ; and, at the same time, the most useful for investigating
and clearing up the antiquities of the Celtic nations in general : two
points which it is humbly hoped the learned reader will find pretty well
confirmed, if not clearly verified in this Dictionary, and which it is natu-
ral to expect may engage the attention of the Literati of our neighbour-
ing countries to this ancient dialect of the Celtic tongue. A third con-
sideration regarding this language, and which is grounded on a fact that
is solidly proved by Mr. Edward Lhuyd. a learned and judicious anti-
quary, viz. that the Guidhelians, or old Irish, had been the primitive in-
habitants of Great Britain before the ancestors of the Welch arrived in
that island, and that the Celtic dialect of those Guidhelians was then the
universal language of the whole British isle; this consideration, I say,
which regards an important fact of antiquity, whose proofs shall hereafter
be produced, will, I am confident, appear interesting enough in the eyes
of learned foreigners, especially those of Britain, to excite their curiosity
and attention towards the Iberno-Celtic dialect, and engage them to
verify by their own application, the use it may be of for illustrating the
antiquities of the greater British isle. Some instances of its utility in
this respect shall be added in the sequel of this Preface, to those that are
produced by Mr. Lhuyd.

A fourth circumstance which must naturally incite the Litterati of
different nations to a consideration of the Irish language, as explained in
this Dictionary, is the very close and striking affinity it bears, in an abun-
dant variety of words, not only with the old British in its different
dialects, the Welch and Armoric, besides the old Spanish or Cantabrian
language preserved in Navarre, Biscay, and Basque, but also with the
Greek and Latin ; and more especially with the latter, as appears
throughout the course of this work, wherein every near affinity is re-
marked as it occurs, whatever language it regards. Short specimens of

b

X PHKFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION".

the affinity of the Irish with the Latin and Greek shall be laid down in
this Preface; and the plain fact of this abundant affinity of the Iberno-
Celtic dialect with the Latin in such words of the same signification as
no language could want, should, I presume, be esteemed a strong proof
that the Lingua-prisca of the Aborigines of Italy, from which the Latin
of the twelve tables, and afterwards the Roman language were derived,
could be nothing else than a dialect of the primitive Celtic, the first
universal language of all Europe : but a dialect indeed which in process
of time received some mixture of the Greek, especially the ^Eolic, from
the colonies, or rather adventurers, which anciently came to Italy from
Peloponesus, agreeable to that saying of Dionys. Halicarnas. Romani
autem sermone nee prorsus barbaro, nee absolute Grceeo utuntur, sed
ex utroque mixto, accedente in plerisque ad proprietatem linguae sEo-
licce. But it shall appear from this Dictionary, and partly from what
shall be laid down in this Preface, that the Greek itself had a strong
mixture of the primitive Celtic, which was a more universal language,
and more simple in the radical formation of its words.

But before we can expect that the considerations now set down, as
motives of incitement for learned foreigners to take particular notice of
the Irish language, should be of due weight in their eyes, it is natural
and necessary we should first make appear that our assertions concerning
these motives are grounded either on good reasons or respectable autho-
rities. And now, as to the two first assertions, viz. that the Irish lan-
guage is acknowledged by very learned foreigners to be the best pre-
served dialect of the old Celtic of the Gauls and Celtiberians, and the
most useful for illustrating the antiquities of the Celtic nations in general.
To justify this assertion, we have only to refer the learned reader both
to the honourable testimony of the great Leibnitz, as it stands in the
title-page of this work, and to several remarks of the like nature made
by the learned and candid Mr. Edward Lhnyd, not only in the Preface
of his Irish Vocabulary, but also in his letter to his countrymen, the
Welch, at the head of his Arehceologia Britannica, which is published
in English by Dr. Nicholson in his Irish Library. In the former Mr.
Lhuyd candidly acknowledges that the roots of the Latin are better and
more abundantly preserved in the Irish than in the Welch, which is the
only Celtic dialect that can pretend to vie with the Iberno-Celtic with
regard to purity or perfection; and adds the following words: "Your
language," says he to the Irish nation, " is better situated for being pre-
served than any other language to this day spoken throughout Europe."
His reason, without doubt, for this assertion, was because languages are
best preserved in islands and in mountain-countries, being the most diffi-
cult of access for strangers; and especially because the Roman arms ne-
Ter reached Ireland, which received no colonies but from the Celtic
countries. In another part of the same Preface this author observes that
the eminent antiquaries Cambden, Bochart, Boxhorn, and other learned
men of that kind, acknowledged the utility of the Irish and Welch dia-
lects for the illustration of antiquities, and that they themselves did not
write so fully and copiously as they would have done if they had been
masters of those languages. He likewise observes that it was impossible

PREFACE TO THE FJKST EDITION. XI

for Menace and Aldrete to have fully succeeded in accounting for the
radical derivation of the languages they undertook to explain, without
some perfection of knowledge of the Irish language, or of the Welsh.

But in his letter to his own countrymen, the Welch, this candid
writer entirely gives the preference to the Irish before his own native
language, not only for purity and perfection, as well as for antiquity of
establishment in the British isles, but also for its utility in illustrating
the remote antiquities of Great Britain. The truth of this assertion very
sufficiently appears from the following words of Mr. Lhuyd in that let-
ter : " We see then," says he to the Welch, " how necessary the Irish
language is to those who will undertake to write of the antiquities of the
Isle of Britain ; and by reading the first section of this book it will be
also evident that it is impossible to be a complete master of the ancient.
British, without a competent knowledge of the Irish.'1'' Mr. Lhuyd's
foundation for this assertion in favour of the Irish language, will appear
in full light in the following arguments in support of the third conside-
ration, which we have laid down as one motive for learned foreigners to
take notice of the Irish language, and which is. that the Guidhelians, or
old Irish, were inhabitants and possessors of Great Britain before those
Britons who were the ancestors of the Welch ; and that the Guidhelian
language, which Mr. Lhuyd gives good reasons for concluding to be the
same as that of the Gauls of those days, was the universal dialect of Bri-
tain before the British, which was established in that island by the colony
from which proceeded the Welch.

This assertion Mr. Lhuyd supports with very solid reasons and argu-
ments, amounting, in my humble opinion, to as high a degree of evi-
dence as the subject can naturally bear. But before we produce them,
which shall be done in his own words, it is fit to observe that this writer
lays down as his opinion, that the ancient planters of Ireland consisted
of two different nations of people, coinhabiting and mixed with each
other in that island. The one he proves to have been originally a
Gaulish colony, from the near and abundant agreement of a part of the
Irish language with that of the old Gauls, as far as it can now be traced
or discovered. And the other he derives from Spain, grounding him-
self on the affinity he had observed between a part of the Irish and the
old Spanish or Cantabrian language, and which he shews in a long list
of words of the same meaning in botli languages. The colony which
originally proceeded from Gaul he calls by the name of Guidhel ; and
so the Irish called themselves by that of Gaidhil, which is but an abusive
writing of the word Gaill, the "plural of Gall; Lat. Gallic, a Gaul.—
/ id. Remarks en the letter <T. And the colony which came from
Spain, and brought a mixture of the old Spanish into the Irish, Mr.
Lhuyd supposes to be the Scots, relying on the authority of the Irish
historians, and of Nonius the Briton, who agree in bringing the Scots
into Ireland immediately from Spain ; though they are all at the same
time of one voice in affirming them to be Scythians; and not only Nenius
calls them Scythians in the following passage, where after calling them
Scoti (because the Britons called them i/-8cot) when he mentions their
coming from Spain, novissimc venervnt Scoti a partibus Hi$panici> ad

Xll PREFACE TO THK FIRST EDITION.

Hiberniam; he then in the following words calls them Scythians:
Scythce in quarta mundi cetate Hiberniam obtimterunt. But as to this
early epoch he only mentions it. on the credit of the Irish antiquaries, as
appears by the words sic mihi peritissimi Scotorum nunciaverunt, im-
mediately preceding those last above cited. Not only Nenius, I say,
calls the Scots by the national name of Scythiani, but in like manner
King Alfred, in his translation of the History of Orosius into the Anglo-
Saxon language, renders the word Scoti by Scyttan ; and Cambden in-
forms us that the Anglo-Saxons who inhabited the northern parts of
England on the borders of Scotland in his own time, always called the
Scots by the names of Skittes or Skets. And the Low Germans have no
other name for either the Scots or Scythians but Scutten; which shews
that they always knew the Scots and the Scythians to be only one
and the same people ; or in other words, that from their first knowledge
of the Scots being inhabitants of Ireland, and afterwards of the North of
Britain, they knew them to be Scythians, and that both names were
synonimous, or rather that the British word Scot, or y-Scot, the Irish
Scu;tr, and the Lat Scoti, were but different pronunciations of the Gr.
^KvOai, and the German Scutten.

These authorities will always be an insurmountable bar in the way of
establishing the new-invented system of the antiquity of the Scots, by
pretending to derive them from the Caledonians ; a system which Mr.
David Malcolme, Minister of Duddingston in Scotland, boasts of as his
own invention, in the work entitled " A Collection of Letters," &c.
printed at Edinburgh an. 1739; and this new invention has been fruitful
enough to produce another of a more elevated nature, calculated chiefly
to confirm that of Mr. Malcolm ; I mean the Erse, or Irish Poems of
Mr. Macpherson, pretended to be the work of a Scottish (i. e. Caledo-
nian) bard of the fourth century. — Fid. Mem. de M. de C. sur les Poemes
de M. Macpherson, Journ. des Scarants, an. 1 764, Mai, Juin, &c. But
who could ever imagine that Mr. Malcolme would be bold enough to
pretend to ground his new system of the antiquity of the Scots in Britain,
upon Mr. Lhuyd's curious discovery of the Irish Guidhelians having
been the earliest inhabitants of the British isle ; since this learned anti-
quary so expressly, and even repeatedly distinguishes these Guidhelians
from the Scots, whom he declares to be a quite different nation, who first
came from Spain into Ireland, and there coinhabited with the Guidhe-
lians, who before had been inhabitants of Britain ?

For this reason the ingenious inventor of the modern scheme of
Scottish antiquity entirely overlooks what Mr. Lhuyd says of the Scots
as being a nation quite different from the Guidhelians, and takes care to
quote no more of that learned antiquary's reflections for the foundation
of his new system, than what he writes of the Guidhelians alone, whom
Mr. Malcolme identifies with the Caledonians, and these with the Scots.
But one point relative to the Scots, and a point which suffers not the
least doubt, is, that whatever part of the world they immediately came
from to Ireland they were mere Scythians by nation, cither Asiatic or
European ; but much more probably of the latter, I mean Scandinavians,
or other northern Germans, of whom Plinius (lib. 4. c. 12.) says, Set/-

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. Xlll

tharum nvmen usquequaque transiit in Sarmatas atque Germanos ; and
Anastasius Sinaita, (quaest. 38.) Scythiam solid stint vocare veteres om-
iiem regionem Borealam ubi sunt Gothi et Dani. But it is far from
being certain or universally agreed on. that the Caledonians were origi-
nally Scythians, or Germans, as Tacitus conjectures, rather than mere
painted Britons of the same stock with the Welch, whose ancestors were
likewise a painted people before the Romans reduced them into a pro-
vince, and brought them to conform to the Roman manners. And another
point equally certain is, that the Scots never inhabited Britain before
their arrival in Ireland, but came directly by sea to this latter island,
from which, after a long process of time, they sent a colony to the north-
west coast of Britain ; and this point is universally agreed on by all the
Scottish writers, none excepted, before Mr. Malcolme's time, who there-
fore is well grounded to vindicate to himself alone the invention of the
new scheme of Scottish antiquities, first broached in his letter to Archi-
medes the Caledonian, and afterwards enlarged upon in his subsequent
letters and remarks. But Mr. Lhuyd is far from authorizing Mr. Mal-
colme's system of identifying the Caledonians, or old Picts, with the
Scots ; since he says " that though their language is lost, yet their re-
mains or posterity are yet intermixed with Scots, Strat-clyd Britons, old
Saxons, Danes, and Normans ;" where we see he entirely distinguishes
the Caledonians (who with him are the same people with the old British
Picts) from the Scots, as well as from the old Saxons, &c.

Now, with regard to Mr. Lhtiyd's opinion that the Scots were the
people that brought the old Spanish language to Ireland, and there
mixed it with the dialect of the Guidhelians, with whom they became
co-inhabitants; this notion would not hare been entertained by that
learned gentleman had he been thoroughly acquainted with Irish anti-
quities. For in the first place, the general tradition of the old Irish,
handed down to us by all our historians and other writers, imports that
when the Scots arrived in Ireland they spoke the same language with
that of the Cu<xt<x-fce-<Dar><x;n, i. e. the Danish tribes, who were their
immediate predecessors in the usurpation and chief sway of the island,
at least in the northern provinces. And in the next, if we suppose it a
real fact that the Scots came directly from Spain to Ireland, we must in
all reason, and for want of further light from either Latin or Greek wri-
ters, regard them only as a part either of those Germans, of whom Se-
neca, about the year 60 of the Christian sera, says that the Pyrenean
mountains were not a sufficient barrier against their incursions into
Spain; Pyrenceus Genaa/nantm transitus non inJtibuit ; per invia per-
que incognita versavit se hinnana levitas. — Sen. de Consolat. ad Albi-
num. Or else of the other swarm of remote or northern Germans, of
whom Orosius, by the words Gen/mni ulteriores, Gallieno Imperatore,
abrasa potiti sunt Hispania, &c. informs us that they invaded, plun-
dered, and possessed themselves of Spain for twelve years ; that is to
say, from the reign of the indolent Emperor Gallienus about the year
260, to that of the brave Valerianus, who by his General Saturninus
partly routed them out of Spain, and probably settled another part of
those barbarians in some portions of land, under condition of serving the

XIV PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.

empire, as may be inferred from a speech of that general, wherein he
boasts of having pacified Spain by his expedition against those invaders
in the year 273. We see then that neither of those two swarms of Ger-
mano-Scythians had been suffered to remain long enough in Spain to
have exchanged their native language for the Spanish ; for these latter
mentioned by Orosius had but twelve years' settlement in that country ;
and for the other band of German rovers mentioned by Seneca, we find
no further account of them in any other author ; whence it is natural to
conclude, that they were only a flying party, who went about for the sake
of plunder. However that may be, it is natural to think it an unlikely
story that a Scythian people should have been the importers of the old
Spanish language into Ireland ; though the fact of its having been
brought very anciently into that island is not the less certain, and that
by a colony of the old Spaniards, who coinhabited with the Guidhelians,
but in a smaller number, as appears by the nature of the Irish tongue, in
which the Gaulish Celtic predominates over all other mixtures, not
only of the old Spanish, but also of the Scandinavian and other Scytlio-
German dialects, though Ireland anciently received three or four diffe-
rent colonies, or rather swarms of adventurers, from theft* quarters. The
Scots were the last of them, unless we should count as a colony those fe-
rocious Danes and Norwegians who infested us, and tyrannized over
most of the maritime parts of our island, from the beginning of the ninth
century to the year 1014, when the ever- victorious Brien Boiroimhe,
after a continued series of thirty pitched battles fought against, them in
different parts of the kingdom, at last entirely and irretrievably broke
their power at the memorable battle of Clontarf near Dublin. As a
more ample inquiry into the origin of the Scots, and the antiquity of their
establishment in Ireland, would stretch out this Preface to an enormous
length, I therefore reserve it for another work, which is already so far
advanced that it may in a short time be made ready for the press.

We are now to lay down Mr. Lhuyd's reasons for concluding that the
Guidhelian Irish were inhabitants of all Britain before the ancestors of
the Welch. Other writers had indeed declared it as their opinion, that
Ireland was first peopled from the greater British isle, which in like
manner received its first inhabitants from Gaul, by the short passage
from Calais to Dover, according to those writers; for which they have
assigned no other reason, than that every island should in all seeming
reason have received its first planters from whatever peopled land hap-
pened to be the nearest to it, and that too by the shortest passage. But
to make this argument conclusive for this point, it should first be proved
that none of the nations on the Continent near those islands had the use
of ships, or practised any sort of navigation, as early as the time in which
those islands are supposed to have been peopled. For if the Spaniard*,
the Gauls, or the Lower Germans, had been at that time accustomed to
go to sea, were it only for fishing, or plundering the neighbouring coasts,
it might very naturally have happened that some parties of them, even
by an accidental stress of weather, would have discovered and afterwards
planted both the British isles, before the inhabitants of Gaul on the
coasts about Calais, had entertained any thoughts of extending thrir

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. XV

knowledge of Britain beyond the white cliffs of Dover ; in which case
the opinion of Tacitus, (de Morib. German, c. 1.) " that in ancient times
people sought out new habitations rather by sea than by land," would
have been verified with reaard to the first peopling of the British Isles.
But Mr. Lhuyd's reasonings to prove the fact of the Irish Guidhelians
havins been inhabitants of Britain before the ancestors of the Welch,
are liable to no such exceptions, as they are grounded upon what may be
called living evidences, consisting in plain and natural restige-s of those
Guidhelians still remaining after them throughout the whole island.
Here I lay them before the reader in Mr. Lhuyd's own words :

" Seeing then it is somewhat manifest that the ancient inhabitants of
Ireland consisted of two nations ; that the Guidhelians were Britons, and
that Nennius and others wrote many ages since an unquestionable truth,
when they asserted the Scottish nations coming out of Spain. The next
thing I have to make out is, that that part of them called Guidhelians
have once dwelt in England and Wales. There are none of the Irish
themselves that I know of, amongst all the writings they have published
about the origin and history of their nation, that maintained they were
possessed of England and Wales ; and yet whoever takes notice of a
great many of the names of the rivers and mountains throughout the
kingdom, will find no reason to doubt but the Irish must have been the
inhabitants, when those names were imposed upon them. There was no
name anciently more common (in Britain) on rivers than Uisc, which the
Romans wrote hca and Osca ; and yet retained in English, as I have
elsewhere observed, in the several names of .Isk, Esk, Usk, and Ax, Ex,
Ox, &c. — fid. Archcelog. p. 7. col. 3. Now, though there be a con-
siderable river in Wales of that name Uisc, from which Carleoii, in
British called Caer-leon ar Uisce, derives its name ; and another in De-
von, ( from which the city of Exeter, in British called Caer-esk, has its
name, see the note on the word ujfje infra,) yet the signification of the
word is not understood either in Welch or in the Cornish. Neither is it
less vain labour to look for it in the British of Wales, Cornwall, or Ar-
moric Britain, than it would be to search for Avon, which is a name for
some of the rivers of England, in the English; the signification of the
word in Irish is water. And as the words Coom, Dore, Stour, Tainc,
Dove, Avon, &c. in England, confess that they are no other than the
\\ elch Kit in. Dur, Yxdur, Tan, Did, and Avon, and thereby show the
Welch to be their old inhabitants. So do the words Uisc, Luch, (or
Loch, or Lac/i,) Kin nay, Ban, Drirn, Lecldia, and several others in
Britain, make it appear that the Irish were anciently possessed of those
places; forasmuch as in their language the signification of the words are
water, laki>. a great river, (or literally a head-river,) a mountain, a
back or ridge, a grey stone. As for the word ajfc or u;^e it is so
well known, that they use no other word at all for water. And I have
formerly suspected that in regard there are so many rivers of that name
in England, the word mii*ht have been anciently in our language ; but
having looked for it in vain in the old Loegrian British, still retained in
Cornwal andBasse-Bretagne, and reflecting that it was impossible, had it
been once in the British, that both thev and we should lose a word of so

XVI PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.

common an use, and so necessary a signification ; I could find no place to
doubt but that the Guidhelians have formerly lived all over this king-
dom, and that our ancestors had forced the greatest part of them to re-
tire to the North and to Ireland, in the same manner that the Romans
afterwards subdued us, and as the Barbarians of Germany and Denmark,
upon the downfall of the Roman power, have driven us, one age after
another, to our present limits. We see then how necessary the Irish
language is to those who shall undertake to write of the antiquities of
the isle of Britain ; and by reading the first section of this book it will
be also evident that it is impossible to be a complete master of the an-
cient British without a competent knowledge of the Irish. Nor is it
necessary for satisfaction herein to look farther than for our common
names for a sheepfold and milch-cattle; for who should ever know the
reason of our calling a sheepfold kor-lan, although he knows Ian, the
latter syllable of the word, signifies a yard or fold, unless he also knows
that the Irish call a sheep cu.0ft? or why it is that we call milch-cows
guartheg-blithion, unless he knows that M<xtu;n, in the same language,
signifies to milk ; and so for a great number of other words, which we
have neither leisure nor room to take notice of at present, nor indeed
any necessity, in regard they are obvious to all observers in the follow-
ing book." N. B. — A part of these words meant here by the author are
to be found in p. 7. col. 1. &c. of his ArcJiceologia.

This learned antiquary resumes this argument in other works and
writings. In one of his letters to Mr. Rowland, the author of Mono,
Antiqua, we find the following words : " Indeed it seems to me that the
Irish have in a great measure kept up two languages, the ancient British
and the old Spanish, which a colony of them brought from Spain. For
notwithstanding their histories (as those of the origin of other nations)
be involved in fabulous accounts, yet that there came a Spanish colony
into Ireland, is very manifest from a comparison of the Irish tongue partly
with the modern Spanish, but especially -with the Cantabrian or Basque ;
and this should engage us to have something of more regard than we
usually have to such fabulous histories." The same writer, in his Ad-
versaria Posthwna de Fluviorum, Montium, Urbium, fyc. in Britannia
Nominibvs, pag. 264, &c., repeats that the names Asc, he, Osc, Use, of
rivers in South Britain, varied by moderns into Ax, Ex, Ox, Ux, are but
corrupt writings of the Irish words u)fc, u;/"ge, or ea/*c, (for so it is
written indifferently in the old parchment manuscripts) signifying water;
and Mr. Baxter, in his Glossarium Antiquitatum Britannicarum, ac-
knowledges the same thing.

To all this I shall add some remarks of my own upon Mr. Rowland's
description of the isle of Anglesey, the last refuge of the remains of the
old Guidhelian Druids from the Roman tyranny. In this island I have
remarked the following vestiges of the Guidhelians, or Irish, and of the
Irish language. In the first place, Mr. Rowland, in his Mona Antiqua,
p. 27, observes that the vestiges of old habitations still to be seen on the
tops of high places in Anglesey, are called to this day Ceitir Guidelod,
which he interprets the Irishmen's cottages, but should more properly
and literally be rendered the Irishmen's habitations or seats ; for the

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. XVII

Irish word C<xta;;t, of which Ceitir is a corruption, signifies either a
city, or town, or habitation. And Mr. Rowland very justly observes in
the same place, not only that those are the vestiges of the first habita-
tions that were made by the first planters of the island, because the
valleys were then all covered with woods, which were the haunt of
wolves and other wild beasts, but also that those old ruins of habitations
could not be so called as being built by those Irish ravagers or plun-
derers who came to the island, under the command of Sirig, towards the
end of the fourth century, and from whom the place called yn Hiric y
Guydhil, where this commander engaged and defeated the Britons, de-
rives its name. — Vid. Humfred. Lhuyd. Descript. IVaUice and Cambd.
In Anglesey. And this last assertion Mr. Rowland supports with this
plain and sound reason, that those Irish plunderers found good habita-
tions already made to their hand in the island. And indeed it is not
natural that a flying party of foreigners who rush in upon a coast with
the mere design of plunder, should think of building forts on high places

" ' T "

without a view ot conquest or permanent settlement in the country ; nor
does it seem that that band of Irishmen had time enough allowed them
for forming such a project, before they were attacked and routed by a
superior number of the Britons led against them by Caswalhon Lhawir,
Prince of North Wales.

Two other places or objects in the same island, whose names are
mere plain Irish, and not understood by the Welch, are so many living
evidences of the Irish being the ancient inhabitants of those parts before
the Welch. The landing place of the ferry or passage from North
Wales to Anglesey is called Port-aeth-wy, for so the Welsh write it.
Mr. Rowland, for want of understanding the Irish, is driven to the ne-
cessity of giving this compound word an absurd and strained interpreta-
tion, as if it meant, the passage which some before had passed over.
These are his very words. Now this word is of so plain a signification
in Irish, that a child bred up to the use of that language would under-
stand the genuine meaning of it at its very first utterance. The three
monosyllables, of which this complex word Port-aeth-wy is composed,
signify in Irish the bank, or landing-place of the yellow for dor passage;
pOfit being the Irish for a bank or port ; Lat. port us ; at, or <xb, the
Irish for a ford or passage ; Lat. vadum ; and bu;, or bu;, pronounced
try, the Irish for yellow. And indeed no name of a place could have a
more natural signification, as the water of that small arm of the sea is
always of a yellowish colour ; and if my memory does not very much de-
ceive me, the earth or soil on both sides of that passage is of a saffron or
ruddy hue. It is also remarkable that Tin-dath-wy, the name of the
territory adjacent to this place called Port-ath-wy, is mere Irish ; for
tyn in Welsh signifies a country or region, as ta;n does in Irish ; so that
the word was originally Cajn-or-bu;, the territory of the yellow ford.
The other vestige of ancient Irish habitations in Anglesey, is the name
of the ruins of a great edifice in that island, which Mr. Rowland thinks
to have been the Arch-Druid's supreme court of judicature. Those
ruins are to this day called Bruipi-gwin, as the Welch write it; a plain
Irish word, which signifies a white palace, or house, the same as White-

XV11I PREFACE TO THE KIUSF EDITION.

hall in London. O^tu; jean, pronounced bruian or bruyn,'m Irish signifies
a great house or palace ; gwin, in the Welch way of writing, is of the
same signification with jrjonn or b&n in Irish, which means white. Now
as the Welch have not the word bruin in their language, Mr. Rowland
vainly strives to derive that word from the Welsh breiniol, i. e. supreme
or royal ; and gioyn, which in Welch is the common word for ivhite, he
changes, or rather strains into cwijn, a suit or action at law. This in-
deed may justly be called a far-fetched, or forced interpretation, while
the meaning of the word is quite plain and natural in the Irish lan-
guage.

I shall finish this supplement to Mr. Lhuyd's observations, after re-
marking, in the first place, that the name of the very capital of Britain,
as it was used in the time of the Romans, who added the termination um
to it, was mere Guidhelian or Irish, in which language long is still the
only word in common use to signify a ship, as b;n or bjon is, and always
has been used to imply a place of safety, or a strong town, being very
nearly of the same signification with bun, with this only difference that
in the Iberno-Celtic language bun signifies a fortified place that is con-
stantly shut up or barricaded, and bjn or bjon literally means a place of
safety, a covered or walled town ; so that long-bjn, or long-bjon, which
the Romans changed into londinum, literally signifies a town of ships, or
a place of safety for ships. To which may be added, that the old name
of the river of London was likewise very plain Guidhelian Irish; Caesar
calls that river by the name of his, which is only Latinizing the Guidhe-
lian word 1fc, water, the name it then bore amongst the people of the
country; and whether the word Tarn was always prefixed to Isc or Isis,
either as an epithet, or as being the name of the river Tame, which joins
its water, as it possibly might also have joined its appellative with the
river Isc or Isis ; in either supposition the Iberno-Celtic word tram,
which signifies still, quiet, gentle, smooth, &c., was a very natural epithet
for the river Thames, as well as it may be a very significative name for
the river Tame. To all this I shall not hesitate to add, that Albion, the
most ancient name of the greater British Isle, and under which it was
, known to the Greeks, not only in the times of Ptolemy, of Marcianus
Heracleota, Eustachius, &c., but also in the much more ancient time of
Aristotle or of Theophrastus, as is observed by the great Ussher, Anti-
quit. Eccl. Brit. p. 378, that this name, I say, is plain Guidhelian Irish,
in which language <xl or <x;l signifies a rocky cliff, and b<xn, white ;
whence the whole name Alban, Albain, or Ailbion, signifies the white
cliff; a very natural name in the mouth of a Gaul or Guidhelian placed
on the Continent, at or near Calais, where the first and only knowledge
he has of the British Isle consists in the bare sight of the white cliffs of
Dover. This Guidhelian or Gaul having crossed the channel, and ob-
served the situation and sliape of the land about Dover, he calls it by
the name of Ce<xn-t;;i, i. e. head-land, which Guidhelian word the Ro-
mans Latinized into Canthtm. A numerous colony of the same nation
being afterwards corne over to that island, which they peopled by de-
grees from one end to the other, it is quite natural that they should have
given names to all the remarkable objects of either nature or art through-

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. XIX

oui tiie whole country, such as rivers, mountains, headlands, towns, &e. ;
and accordingly we still find these Guidhelian names every where in Eng-
land and Wales, all the way from Dover to York, I mean from Cean-t'n\
or Kent, to the river Isc, now called Ouse, and by the Romans Isis,
which passes through York ; and from the river Isca, passing through
the town of Caer "Leon ar Isc, in Monmouthshire, to Longdion, or
Longdun, the city of London, and its river Tamh-isc, Thamisis, the
Thames.

It is particularly to be remarked that the Guidhelian colony never
gave any other name to the island than that of Alban, or Albain ; and
that when the Belgics, afterwards called Britons, ancestors of the Welch,
and who in all likelihood were mixed, either from the beginning or by
degrees, with Gauls, as well as with Cimbrians and other Germans,
forced the Guidhelians towards the northern parts of the isle, the name
they had first given it, followed them always, so as to be appropriated
to whatever tract they inhabited. Hence it came to pass that this name
stuck at last to Caledonia, or North Britain, afterwards called Scotland,
from the colony of Irish Scots who first settled in those parts tinder the
command of Fergus, son of Ere, and his brothers, in the beginning of
the sixth century. This circumstance of Albain, the first name of the
whole island, being limited at last to the northern parts of it, is clearly
evinced by the constant tradition of the Irish, who never, even to this
day, gave any other name than that of Albain to the country now called
Scotland by the English. And to finish my observations on this subject,
I shall remark that Kimry, or Ki/nraeg, the national name the Welch
distinguish themselves by, though I do not find that they can account for
its radical derivation in their own language, is a very plain Guidhelian
or Irish word still of common use in Ireland. Caman in the Irish lan-
guage signifies a deep valley between two hills, as cume/tac does a tract
of land consisting of hills and deep valleys; and the inhabitants of such
a country are very properly called Cunnd;t<xr£. A well-known example
of this appellative is furnished by the distinctive sirname of a branch of
the O'Briens of Thomond, which settled about the end of the fourteenth
century in the valleys and hi.iih lands called Cuma/tac, northwards of
Dungarvan, in the County of Waterford; from which they were always
called Cuma/KXjj, or the O'Briens of Cuma/tcvc, i. e. of the valleys and
hills.— / id. cum an infra. I need not observe that this is a very proper
and significative name for the Welch, and that this national appellative
they are distinguished by, is much more naturally derivable from the na-
ture of their country, than from the supposition of their being either
Gomarians or Cimbrians, as some writers have imagined. In the mean
time it is natural to think that if the old Britons had the word cwnar in
their language, with the meaning now explained, those of that nation who
lived on the plains might have given the name of dtmaraig, corrupted
into Kimraeg, to the" inhabitants of the hilly countries of Wales and
Cumberland. But if they never had it in their dialect, it seems a plain
case that these countries were first called Cuma/t<xc by the Guidhelians,
in whose language the word is still of common use in Ireland, as above
observed ; whence it is natural that the Britons finding those countries in

XX PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.

possession of that name at their arrival in the island, always called the
inhabitants of them by that of Cumaraig, or Kimraeg and Kimry, ac-
cording to the genius of their dialect.

But however useful or necessary the Irish language may be for clear-
ing up the antiquities of Great Britain, some of our learned readers may
very possibly think us quite presumptuous, and even extravagant, if we
adopted the assertion of Mr. Lhuyd, " that the learned nations of
France, Spain, and Italy will not be capable of giving a full etymological
account of those languages which Menage, Aldrete, and other learned
persons endeavoured to do, if they do not acquire some perfection of
knowledge of the Irish language and the Welch ; which, without dis-
pute, are allowed to have been the best preserved part of the languages
those learned men treated of, before they were corrupted by the Romans,
Goths, and Africans." As to this assertion of Mr. Lhuyd in the Preface
of his Irish Vocabulary, I shall only be bold enough to assure the reader,
from my own knowledge of the matter, that with regard to Menage, (for
I have not seen Aldrete's book,) and even Ducange, any man of letters
well acquainted with the Iberno-Celtic dialect, may, with all the facility
imaginable, make up such supplements to the erudite performances of
both the one and the other, as may comprehend very extensive and cu-
rious improvements of their respective works. And to put the learned
reader in the plain way of judging whether it be possible that this asser-
tion may naturally be well grounded, I shall only desire that he may
join me in supposing " that a colony of Gauls or Celts might have se-
parated themselves from the rest of their nation on the Continent some
hundreds of years before Julius Caesar invaded Gaul, and that ever since
their separation they lived together by themselves in remote islands,
without being exposed to such a mixture of other people of different
languages, as may cause any great alteration in the dialect they originally
used in common with the main body of the Gaulish nation on the Conti-
nent. But in the mean time the original tongue of their brethren, the
Gauls, on the Continent, was from age to age liable to corruption and
alteration from their mixture, first with the Belgians and other Germans,
then with the Romans and their troops of different nations constantly
quartered amongst them for many centuries ; and much earlier, as to the
southern parts of Gaul, with the Phocean-Greeks of Marseilles ; beside
that the language of a very extensive and powerful nation, consisting of a
great number of different tribes and provinces, whereof some are very
remote from others, is much more subject to alteration than that of a co-
lony of the same nation, which, from the time of its separation, has been
concentered and kept together within the circumscribed borders of an
island."

Now, if the primitive language of the Gauls on the Continent hath
been at long run so entirely altered and disguised, that very little of it
is discernible in the chaos of the many other different languages it is
confounded with, which is now its real state ; the learned reader is to
judge whether it be not very natural to think that the dialect of that co-
lony of ancient Gauls which brought away to their islands, and there pre-
served in the best manner the original Celtic language, may be of great

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. XXI

help to make this discernment, by pointing out and separating from that
chaos the genuine remains of the old Gaulish tongue ; and consequently
an effectual help and guide in tracing out the real origin of those words
which Menage and Ducange undertook to explain ? If the reader judges
on the affirmative side of this question, as it is natural to expect, he then
will decide in favour of the Iberno-Celtic dialect, as being that which
furnishes the surest clue for tracing out what may still remain of the old
language of Gaul, through the confused assemblage of other foreign
dialects in which it is wrapped up and disguised. For it seems certain,
that the Guidhelian or Gaulish colony which settled in Ireland, after
inhabiting Britain for several ages, separated from the Gauls of the Con-
tinent long before their mixture with any foreigners ; since it appears
from Ca?sar's account of the infinite multitude of people, into which the
Britons, ancestors of the Welch, were already grown in his time, that
they had then been possessors of the island for many centuries after the
Guidhelians had passed over to Ireland; which number of centuries
being added to those which the Irish Gauls must necessarily have spent
in the same British Isle, before they could multiply to a sufficient num-
ber to people it universally, and give names, as hath been proved above,
to its rivers, mountains, and remarkable places, from one end of it to the
other ; these two numbers of centuries being, I say, joined together, and
considered as the space of time between the epoch of the separation of
the Irish Guidhelian,- or Gaulish colony, from the Gauls on the Conti-
nent, to that of Caesar's invading Britain, must throw back that separation
to a period of time much earlier than that of the Belgic Germans mixing
with the Gauls, or of any other mixture their language could have re-
ceived. From which it is manifestly consequent that the Guidhelians
brought away to the British Isles the pure original Celtic tongue of the
primitive Gauls ; and as to their preserving it in the best manner pos-
sible, even to this day, the reasons already alleged are sufficient to evince
that point.

The remains of the Gaulish language in its present confused state,
are mixed with the old French, or the German dialect of Franconia, as
also with the different dialects of the Burgundians and Goths, from
which the affinity of the French with the Italian in words which are not
of Latin extraction, is chiefly derived ; (and this shews, by the by, how
improper it is to derive, without distinction, from the Italian, as Menage
generally does, those French words which bear a resemblance with
Italian words, or vice versa ; since this resemblance or affinity on both
sides proceeds from one and the same common source ;) and lastly, those
remains of the old Gaulish tongue are mixed with the Latin, besides the
old mixture of the Belgic German. But one particular circumstance of
its Latin mixture, and a circumstance that neither Ducange nor Menage
seem to have taken any notice of, is, that besides the great multitude of
words which the modern French language, made up of all the mixtures
now mentioned, has really borrowed from the Latin, and are the more
easily discerned as they are generally formed upon the genitive case of
the Latin words, as conversion, sermon, &c. It contains also an abun-
dunt variety of other words, which, though seemingly of Latin extraction

XX11 PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.

by their near affinity with words of the same sense in that language, are,
notwithstanding, genuine and real Celtic words, and the very archetypes
or radicals upon which the Latin words have been formed. This will
be more clearly understood and evinced from what shall be observed in
the sequel concerning the striking affinity of the Irish with the Latin in
an abundant variety of words. The sure method of discerning those
original Celtic words resembling the Latin in any European dialect of
the Celtic nations, is by considering, in the first place, if they are ex-
pressive either of such ideas or such objects of the senses as no language
can want words for from the beginning, because no society of people,
nay, none of its particular members enjoying all the senses, could at any
time or in any country be strangers to such objects or ideas, and conse-
quently none destitute of words to distinguish them ; and secondly, to
consider if such words be the only appellatives of their respective objects
or ideas used in the language either in common practice or in old wri-
tings, for signifying the things they are appropriated to. All words in
any of the Celtic dialects, which can stand the test of these two qualities,
may with full assurance be regarded as mere Celtic, (though probably
somewhat changed from their primitive form and pronunciation,) and not
derived from the Latin, whatever resemblance or affinity they may bear
with words of the same signification in that language.

It was upon the foundation of the two characteristics now explained
that I demonstrated, as I cannot but think all the appellatives of objects,
or signs of ideas, in the list of Irish words published last year at London
in the Prospectus of the following Dictionary, to be pure original Celtic,
notwithstanding their close and striking affinity with the Latin words of
the same signification, which are stamped with plain marks of being
rather derivatives of the Celtic words of the sort I am speaking of;
these being generally monosyllables, and seldom or never consisting of
more than two syllables; whereas the Latin words corresponding with
the Celtic monosyllables, consist generally of two syllables, as those that
agree in signification with the Celtic words of two syllables, are gene-
rally of three or four syllables, which, according to the rules of etymo-
logy, evinces them to be derivatives from the more simple radicals of
the Celtic, of which the lingua prisca of the Aborigines, the mother of
the Latin, was only a dialect. Thus also, and upon the same foundation,
we may, I think, assure ourselves that the following French words, with a
vast number of others of the like nature, are mere Celtic or Gaulish,
though doubtless somewhat changed from their primitive structure as
well as pronunciation; such as pain, vin,froment, kommetfemm&,pere,
mere, fils, fille, sceur, frcre, lawf, cheval, cavale,jwnent,ame,cor, or
corps, coeur, amour, &c. ; all .signifying objects or things which no lan-
guage can want, words for, and which, at the same time, are, I think, the
only words used in the French for the objects they respectively signify ;
from both which characteristics it is evident they are not derivatives of
the Latin, notwithstanding their resemblance to its words of the same
meaning. And here I think it pertinent to remark, that men of letters.
of the French, Spanish, and German nations, who had leisure and cu-
riosity enough to make out ample lists of words bearing these two cha-

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. XX111

racteristics, and resembling the Latin in their respective dialects, would
thereby contribute in a very essential manner to the improvement of Cel-
tic literature. And if the words of any kind which may be found to
bear an affinity with the Greek as well as with the Latin, were marked
and pointed out in such lists, it would not only enlarge such an improve-
ment, but also evince a curious point and matter of fact which I shall
remark in the sequel, when I have compared many Iberno-Celtic words
with Greek words of the same, or of an analogous signification, and which
I do not find that any writer has hitherto taken notice of, viz. that the
Latin has borrowed much less of its words from the Greek than is gene-
rally imagined, and that a vast number of those Latin words which are
supposed to be of Greek extraction, have been really and immediately
derived from the Celtic, and not from the Greek, whose words of this
nature are likewise derivatives of the Celtic ; or, which is the same thing,
either of the Phrygian or Thracian ; this latter people being unquestion-
ably Celts, as well as parents of the former, according to the best autho-
rities. And this confirms the truth of Plato's opinion in his Cratilus,
that the Greeks have borrowed a great deal of their language from the
Barbarians. Before I have done with this subject of the utility of the
Iberno-Celtic dialect towards improving Celtic literature, and illustrating
the antiquities of the Celtic nations, I think it proper to produce some
few examples of words or terms used in the base Latin and French, of
whose radical structure or derivation our glossarians or etymologists,
particularly Ducange and Menage, have not been able to give any posi-
tive or satisfactory explication; and examples which will justify in some
measure my preceding assertion, " that very considerable supplements to
the works of these two learned writers may easily be made up with the
help of the Irish language."

First, I shall instance in the word allodium, in old English, attend,
and in French, alien, or franc-alien. It is agreed upon that this word
signifies a free hereditary property of long standing in a family, and de-
scending from father to son, without chief-rent or other obligation to any
lord paramount. But the radical derivation of the word is far from
being agreed upon by our glossographers, as appears at the words allo-
dium in Ducange, and alien, orfranc-alleu, in Menage. Nothing more
plainly intelligible than this word in the Irish language, wherein its true
derivation is found and well known, and not, I dare say, in any other
Celtic dialect. The word allod, othenvise written allud, signifies, in
Irish, any thing that is ancient ; thus, ;n dllob, or jn atlub, signifies an-
ciently; Lat. olim, antiquitus; jn <xjm^jrt allojb, in ancient times ; Lat.
tempore ant i quo ; jrea/idnn <xllob, an ancient land property; Lat.fundus
antiqaus, sen prcedinm antiqiium ; irxxojn <xtl6b, old properties, or goods
of any kind, in a family; Lat. bona allodialia. A like facility of ex-
plaining the radical derivation of the word feodum, or feud urn, is fur-
nished in the Irish language, wherein the common and only word in use
to signify a piece; portion, or division of ground, assigned to be cultivated
under some obligations, is the monosyllable jrob, which is visibly the root
of the Latin verb /W/o, to dig or work at the ground; and it is natural
to think that the Latin, or the lingua prisca, from which it is derived,

XXIV PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.

had a noun of the same radical structure with this Iberno-Celtic word
jrob, from which the Latins derived the verb fodio, as verbs are gene-
rally formed upon and derived from the nouns. This Celtic word jrob is
evidently the root of the Latin feodum, sometimes written feudum, of
which it likewise furnishes the true sense and common meaning ; as it
signifies a piece of land or ground assigned for improvement, under some
obligation to the paramount, by which this kind of tenure or property is
distinguished from allodium. Some modern writers, particularly Mr.
Dalrimple, have advanced that the Germans were the first authors of
the feodal tenure; an opinion which plainly shews that those writers
have not dipped very deep into the German antiquities, and the manner
in which those people lived in the times of Caesar and Tacitus ; nor con-
sidered that the Emperor Alexander Severus in the year 222 established
feodal tenures, called military benefices, on the frontiers of the empire,
obliging the proprietors of them to defend the limits of the empire against
the barbarians, by defending at the same time their own properties. And
if those writers had carried farther back their researches into antiquity,
they would find in Diodorus Siculus, lib. 1. that the Egyptians, for a
proof that the people of Argos and Athens, and of another city of
Greece, named Asty, descended from themselves, alleged, " that the se-
cond order of people amongst them was those unto whom the lands of
the countiy were assigned, to the end they may the better apply them-
selves to arms for the defence of the country ; like those of Egypt, who
are there the proprietors of the lands, and are therefore obliged to fur-
nish soldiers for the wars at their own charge." I have been often think-
ing that the custom of feodal tenures for military service among the
Egyptians, derived its origin from the time that Joseph bought for the
king all the lands of Egypt for the provisions he furnished to the par-
ticular proprietors, during the seven years of famine mentioned in Gene-
sis ; after which event the king was at liberty to give out the same lands
in equal or proportionable divisions, as Lycurgus did those of his juris-
diction, under the obligation of military service. Before that epoch the
properties of particulars in Egypt were doubtless of the free allodial
kind, which in the primitive times must have been the case in all other
countries.

Another word of the same nature with those I have mentioned, I
mean soccagium, soccage, a tenure subject to services of agriculture, or
some other duties or rents to the Paramount, has its natural root in the
Irish language, wherein the monosyllable foe is the common and only
appellative of a ploughshare, or that pointed iron instrument which lies
perpendicular to the coulter, and parallel to the ridge. As this word
soc has been in the old French or Gaulish language with the same
meaning, I cannot but think that that language had also the word pot,
plur. piotu, which in the Celtic means a wheel and wheels, and is the
only word used for it in Irish ; Lat. rota and carruca, which latter word
signifies a plough, as well as any wheel-carriage, (vid. Littleton's Dic-
tion, in V. Carruca,} and whence in the modern French a plough is
called charrue, as it may as properly be called jioc, or plur. /tocu, from
its wheels, being words of the same meaning. I therefore refer to the

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION*. XXV

judicious etymologists, whether the French words roture and roturier
may not be more properly derived from pot, or ;tOtu, signifying a
plough, than from the participle of the Latin word rumpo, to break, be-
cause agriculture chiefly consists in breaking or dividing the ground. — •
Vid. Menage in the word roture. And to finish my remarks on words
of this nature, I shall only add, that I very much doubt if the root of the
Latin word armarium, armaria, can be as properly found in any other
living language of the Celtic nations as in the Irish; wherein the mono-
syllable ojnnf signifies any close place, which is likewise the general sig-
nification of the word armarium, though it is particularly used to signify
a storehouse, a closet, a cupboard, a chest, a study, or library. — "\ id. Da
Cange, and Littleton's Diet, ad Voc. armarium. Thus also the Irish
word cam, crooked or convex, is the root of the Latin camurus, as
camuris cornibus of Virgil, and camus of the French. And as to the
names of rivers, mountains, and towns all over the Celtic nations, I dare
say no Celtic dialect now subsisting can equal the Irish in accounting for
their radical derivations. For the etymological explanation of all the
names of towns that end in bun, I refer the reader to that word in the
following Dictionary, as I do to the word maj, (which in Irish is the
common word to signify a plain field, or any open piece of ground clear
of trees or woods,) for explaining those which end in maju^, of which
Bochart (lib. 1. c. 42. p. 757.) assures us, there were more than thirty in
the Celtic countries, besides six which he names. But Ortellius, Rhe-
nanus, and Cambden, who are followed by Bochart, and lately by Bullet
and Peloutier, are all mistaken as to the signification of the word magus,
which they interpret a town or habitation, not considering that all towns
or habitations would have as good right to that name as those which are
particularly distinguished by it. The name ma j was doubtless given to
those plain or clear pieces of ground at or before the time of building
thereupon the towns whose names terminate in that monosyllable of
which the Latins made magus. In the same manner as we read in the
life of St. Patrick, that the town which he built on the high ground of
£)^ujm Sajleac, derived its name of Ard-magh, from its situation on a
high field or plain, which clearly indicates the literal signification of the
Celtic word maj. Thus also, for the literal explication of the names of
towns terminating in durus or eh/rum, it is sufficient to observe, that in
the Iberno-Celtic dialect the monosyllable bu^i signifies water ; and ac-
cordingly it is observable, that those towns are situate near some rivers,
lakes, or marshes, or otherwise convenient to good springs or fountains.
And as to the names of rivers, it is to be observed, that the common ap-
pellative fora river in Irish is <xmu;r>, Lat. amnis; which name joined to
that of some remarkable quality of any particular river, makes up its
name. Thus ga^b, pronounced gan\ which signifies violent, rough,
rapid, being joined to amtrjn makes "gapbamajn, and contractedly 3<*-
jiamujn, ^flumujn, Latinized into Garumna, the river Garone. Lastly,
to account for the etymology of the names of rivers ending in ana or
anus, as Sequana and Rhodanus, &c., we have only to remark that an is
one of the common appellatives of water in the Irish language. If Mr.
Bullet had been well acquainted with it, he would have had no need of

d

XXT1 PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.

so often recurring to strained explications of the names of the remarkable
rivers of France.

Now, to acquit myself of the fourth and last point of my engagement
to the public, as it is stated in the beginning of this Preface, I have only
to shew, in the first place, the close and abundant affinity of the Irish
language with the Latin. And at the same time, in order to demon-
strate that the Iberno-Celtic dialect did not borrow from the Latin any
of those words in which both languages agree, (excepting always such
words as are significative of the rites and mysteries of the Christian reli-
gion; objects which no people could have words for before the preaching
of the Gospel,) I shall only lay down on the part of the Irish, those
which are expressive of ideas or objects which no language can want
words for, even in its most incult state, and are at the same time the only
words in common use in that language to signify precisely and properly
the things they are appropriated to ; two characteristics which plainly
demonstrate that they are not derivatives of any other language, but ra-
ther genuine original words of the Celtic tongue. From which circum-
stance, joined to the plain marks of derivation with which the corres-
ponding Latin words are stamped, as shall hereafter be observed, it will
evidently appear that those Latin words, with a vast number of others
taken notice of throughout the course of this Dictionary, are derivatives
of the Celtic; and consequently that the lingua prisca of the Aborigines
of Italy, from which the old Latin, refined by the Romans, had been
formed, was only a dialect of the Celtic; which was the more natural, as
the Aborigines themselves, consisting of Umbrians, Sabins, and others,
were certainly Celts. In the next place, I shall compare the Irish with
the Greek, in order to shew that the Greeks have derived a great part
of their language from the Celtic, for most certainly the Irish never bor-
,.| rowed any part of their's from the Greeks, no more than did the Gauls or
any other Celts : and by comparing the Latin, as well as the Greek,
with the Irish in words, wherein the three languages agree in affinity, it
will be made manifest that the Latin did not borrow from the Greeks
(as it hath hitherto been imagined) those words which agree with the
Iberno-Celtic, as well as with the Greek, but rather that both the Latin
and the Greek derived them from the Celtic. This point hath been
already touched upon and laid open, in some measure, in the preceding
part of this Preface ; I shall therefore now proceed to lay down my list
of Irish and Latin words of the nature I have explained, but not in an
alphabetical order. The Irish precedes, the Latin follows, in Italic cha-
racters, and then the English in the Roman. At the same time it is to
be noted, that to judge of the affinity of the Latin with the Irish, it is
necessary the reader should know that the Irish alphabet has no v con-
sonant, but that the letter b, aspirated with an h, serves instead of it, as
in the Spanish. It is also to be remarked, that the change of initial con-
sonants makes no difference as to the identity of radicals between the
words of different languages, no more than the exchange of one vowel
for another in any syllable of such words. Now begins the list, wherein
the letter M. shall be fixed immediately after every Irish word that may

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. XXVll

seem to strangers to be of two syllables, though it be really but a mono-
syllable. No Irish word of this list is of more than two syllables.

Ir. <D;a, M., genit. be, Lat. Deus, God ; Ir. anm or anam, Lat.
anima, the soul ; Ir. jntleact, Lat. intellectus, the understanding ; Ir.
roeamo;/t, Lat. memoria, the memory ; Ir. to; I, Lat. roluntas, the will ;
Ir. ;nt;n, Lat. intentio, intention ; Ir. me;n, M., Lat. mens, the mind ;
Ir. ;teo/an, Lat. rath, reason; Ir. ;~fn;b, Lat spirit us, spirit ; In beat a
and 5;t, Lat. vita, life ; Ir. co/tp, Lat. corpus, the body ; Ir. cjtojbe, M.,
Lat. cor, abl. corde, the heart ; Ir. co;~, Lat. pes, the foot ; Ir. uct, Lat.
pectus, the breast; Ir. j:ea;t, plur. f)j\, Lat. vir, a man; Ir. bean and
ben, Lat. fen us, woman; Ir. ata;ri, Lat. pater, a father; (vid. atta
in the Gothic Glossary at the end of the Codex .4rgenteus, where it ap-
pears that this word had not the letter p as its initial in many ancient
languages, not even in the old Greek, nor anciently in the Latin, as may
be inferred from the word attar us. — See atajft infra;) Ir. mata;;t, Lat.
mater, a mother; Ir. bpata;^, Lat. f rater, a brother or cousin; Ir.
ma;l;;~, Lat. malitia, malice; Ir. jreall, Lat. fallacia, treachery; Ir.
f)0j\, Lat. verum, true ; Ir. bo, Lat. bos, a cow ; Ir. taftb, pronounced
tarv, Lat. taurus, a bull : Ir. cabal or capal, Lat. cavallus, a horse ;
Ir. eac, plur. e;c, Lat. equus, a steed ; Ir. cu, plur. ca;n or ca;n, M.,

Lat. cants ; Ir. cu;n;n. Lat. cuniculus, a rabbit; Ir. Taba^, Lat. caper,
a goat; Ir. uajn, M., Lat. agnus, a lamb ; Ir. cuac, M., Lat. cucullus,
the cuckoo; Ir. cat, Lat. cctus, a cat; Ir. co;^t, M., Lat. cortex, bark ;
Ir. ce;/t, Lat. ccera, wax; Ir. fc<\n, Lat. stannum, tin; Ir. o/t, Lat. au-
rum, gold; Ir. a;^tjet or a;^jjot, Lat. argeittum, silver; Ir. ;e^n or
;a^un, Lat./mv/w, iron ; Ir. cnajb, Lat. canabis, hemp ; Ir. c;toc, Lat.
crocus, saffron; Ir. ca;lc, Lat. caLc, calcis, chalk or lime; Ir. tj;t, Lat.
terra, land or country ; Ir. talb and tellu/t, Lat. tellus, telluris, ground ;
Ir. co^tcufi, Lat. purpura, purple; Ir. amujn, Lat. amnis, a river; Ir.
loc or lac, Lat. lacus, a lake, or pool of water ; Ir. ^ea^al, Lat. secale,
rye; Ir. cpu;t/?eact, Lat. triticum, wheat; Ir. a^ba^, Lat. arva, arro-
rum, com, or fields of com; Ir. j/tan and j;ta;ne, Lat. granum, grain ;
Ir. Ijn, Lat. linum, flax; Ir. ob, pronounced or, Lat. ovum, an egg; Ir.
coj^e, Lat. caseus, cheese ; Ir. lact, Lat. lac, milk ; Ir. pjun, Lat. /•/-
'/no/i, wine; Ir. a;lmu;nt, Lat. aliment um, food or nourishment; Ir.
g;neamu;r>, Lat. genimen, a generation ; Ir. balb, Lat. balbus, a stam-
merer; Ir. calb, Lat. calvus, bald; Ir. coec, Lat. caucus, blind; Ir.
macu;l, Lat. macula, a spot or stain; Ir. me;r\bfieac, Lat. meretrix, a
harlot ; Ir. b/iuct, Lat ructus, a belch ; Ir. clum, Lat. pluma, a feather ;
Ir. mob, Lat. modus, a mode or manner ; Ir. no^, Lat. mos, a custom or
usage; Ir. clabm, M., Lat. gladium, a sword; Ir. lann, Lat. lancea, a
lance ; Ir. ya; jjb, Lat. sagitta, an arrow ; Ir. ftot, Lat. rota, a wheel ;
Ir. mol, Lat. mola, a mill-wheel, or the whole mill ; Ir. obtrjft, Lat. opus,
operis, work ; Ir. neab and n;b, Lat. nidus, a nest ; Ir. ^-oc, Lat. soccus,
a ploughshare; Ir. jrcb, unde Lat. fodio aiidfeodum, a sod or piece of
ground ; Ir. allob, Lat. allodium, an ancient property ; Ir. ca^ta, Lat
char us, a dear friend; Ir. c/tejb, Lat crede, believe tliou; hence Ir.
cpe;b;om, *Lak. fides, belief.— N. B. These two words were in the Irish
language before the knowledge of Christianity, as all people must have

XXV111 PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.

had an idea of the act of believing each other in their mutual converse of
life. Ir. f&e jul, Lat. sceculum, an age, or man's life ; Ir. m; and m;^,
Lat. mensis, a month ; Ir. ye<xctroa;n, Lat. septimana, i. e. septem mane,
a week; Ir. uajft, Lat. hora, an hour; Ir. eun, Lat. unum, one; Ir. too,
Lat. duo, two ; Ir. t/vj, Lat. tres, tria, three ; Ir. ce<xt<x;/t, Lat. quatuor,
four ; Ir. cujj, Lat. quinque, five ; Ir. ye, Lat. sex, six ; Ir. yeact; or
yect:, Lat. septem, seven ; Ir. oct, Lat. oc£o, eight ; Ir. n<xo, Lat. novem,
nine ; Ir. be;c, Lat. decem, ten ; Ir. ce<xto or ce<xt, Lat. centum, one
hundred ; Ir. m;te, Lat. mille, a thousand ; Ir. njumu}/t, Lat. numerus, a
number ; Ir. cmnju/i, Lat. angor, anguish, trouble, or vexation ; Ir. <x^im,
Lat. armus, unde anna armorum, the shoulder, also arms, so called from
that part of the body, which is the chief seat of strength ; Ir. ne<xbul,
eontracte neul, Lat. nebula, a cloud ; Ir. fjoc, Lat. siccitas, frost ; Ir.
roo;/i or mujft, or m<vj/i, Lat. mare, the sea; Ir. mo;n or mu;n, Lat. mons,
a mountain ; Ir. po/it, Lat. portus, a bank, a landing-place, a port, or
haven ; Ir. jrdlla, Lat. vallum, a wall or rampart ; Ir. ol<x, Lat. oleum,
oil ; Ir. cajnneal, Lat. candela, a candle ; Ir. pof and /tojy, Lat. rosa,
a rose ; Ir. ca/t/ia, Lat. carruca, any wheel-carriage ; Ir. ycuab, Lat.
scopa, a floor-brush, or a sweeping-broom ; Ir. lecxtun, Lat. latum,
broad, breadth ; Ir. <xjtp, any huge lump or heap of earth ; hence the
Latin Alpes, the name of that huge mountain which separates Gaul from
Italy ; for the Gauls called all mountains or heights by this name Ailp,
of which the Latins made Alpes. Omnes altitudines montium a Gallis
Alpes vocantur, says Servius ad ^Eneid x. initio ; and Georg. in. v. 474.
Cluverius remarks in his Germania Antiq. that Gallorum lingua Alpes,
monies alti vocantur, and that alp signified a mountain in the British ;
Alp mons Britannis. — Vid. Isid. Orig. 1. 14. c. 8; Strabo, 1. 4. p. 201 ;
Ptol. 1. 2. c. 2. Thucidides mentions a mountain in the country of the
Argians called Olpe in his time. Ir. oijU-b/iOgac, plur. oijU-b/iOjtvjj,
Lat. allobrogi, from <x;ll, which in Irish signifies a rocky cliff, and b^iog,
a habitation ; so that Allobrogi signifies a people inhabiting rocky cliffs
and hills, such as were those who lived near the Alpes in the hills of
Savoye and Dauphine, from thence called Allobrogi, which is but a
Latinized writing of the Celtic word -CljU-B/tOgiVjj.

The preceding list of Irish words, all, excepting the last, stamped
with the two characteristics above described, might be stretched to a much
greater extent, were it reconcileable with the reasonable length of a
Preface. The last word, <t;ll-bfiO£<xc, hath been added to show that
Allobrox, Allobroges, is mere Guidhelian, or Gallic Irish, as are like-
wise vergobretus, the title of the chief magistrate or judge of the yEdui,
vercingetorix and vergasillaunus, two military officers of the Arvemi.
Vergobretus is but a Latinized writing of the Guidhelian or Gallo-
Celtic words jrea/i-jo-b/iejt:, in Irish signifying a judge, or literally, the
man who judgeth, or the man of the judgment, vir ad judicium, or ad
jiidicandum, from jreaft, a man, and b;te;tr, judgment; whence b/ie;-
cearri, a judge, (qd. vid. infra.) Vercingetorix is likewise a Latin
fashion and contraction of the Celtic words jrea/t-cjn-go-tojft, orru^uy,
which literally means the head man of the expedition ; and Vergoslllau-
nus is another Latin form of the Celtic jrea/t-go-ya; glean, pronounced

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. XXiX

, meaning, verbatim, the man of the standard, or a standard-
bearer,— J'icl. 7"<x;jlean. But however short or incomplete the above
list may be, I cannot but doubt that any other dialect of the Celtic coun-
tries could furnish as many words of so near a resemblance and radical
affinity with the Latin, all being nouns, and such appellatives as no lan-
guage can want, and at the same time the only words in use to signify
precisely the things they are appropriated to ; I say precisely, because
there are a few words in this list whose objects are also signified in
some manner by other appellatives. But besides that those other appel-
latives are not of the old Guidhelian or Iberno-Celtic dialect, but rather
of a Scytho-German, or Scandinavian origin, they are not exactly and
properly of the same signification with those in the above list, to which
they are pretended to be synonymous. Thus the word tuj£;'e is some-
times used instead of jntteacc to signify the understanding, though it
rather means conception, or the act of the understanding, than that fa-
culty of the soul which is called intellect. So likewise the word c<xo;ne
is sometimes employed in the place of me<xmo;^, though its proper mean-
ing is remembrance, or reminiscence; while the word me<xmo;p signifies
that very faculty of the soul of which reminiscence is but the act. In
the same manner the word j-ljtxb is made synonimous to mojn or mujn, a
mountain, though it rather means a heathy ground, whether it be low
and flat, or in the shape of a hill ; and so is j:<X;tu;;z;e to mu;^ or m<x;/t,
the sea, though it more properly signifies deluge, as in the common ex-
pression ;iu;ge jrea^it<xnna, a deluge of water. Now it is to be noted,
that inasmuch as it is allowed by the best etymologists, that of radical
words of the same sense in different languages, those should be esteemed
the more ancient that consist of fewest letters ; and that of words agree-
ing only in part, those which have the additional letters or syllables are
for the most part the derivatives, as Mr. Lhuyd justly observes ; it fol-
lows that the Iberno-Celtic words in the preceding list, being all either of
one or two syllables, and mostly monosyllables, should be esteemed the
radical and ancient words of the Celtic, from which the corresponding
Latin words, all consisting of a greater number of syllables, were de-
rived. For it is remarkable that the Latin words agreeing in radicals
with the Irish monosyllables are generally of two syllables, and those
that correspond to the Irish words of two syllables, always consist of
three or four ; not excepting the names of numbers, which are all mono-
syllables, exclusive of ce<xt<X)/i, whose corresponding Latin, quatuor,
surpasses it by one syllable. It is therefore to be presumed that no ju-
dicious writer will ever join Mr. Thomas Innis in his strange assertion,
" that the Irish had no names of numbers until they came to the know-
ledge of the Latin tongue after their conversion to Christianity ;" an as-
sertion which betrays his want of attention to the affinity of all the ancient
dialects of the European nations with each other, and which he supports
with no other reason than the resemblance of the Irish numerical names
with the Latin ; and this reason he pretends to corroborate with the
marks of Latin derivation with which our exotic words, significative of
the rites and mysteries of the Cliristian religion, are plainly and neces-
sarily stamped ; without considering that no people can have words for

xxx PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.

things or objects of which they never had any knowledge until they are
made acquainted with them; though, on the contrary, no society of
people could want words for those objects or ideas they must at all
times be conversant with ; such as numbers, or the multiplicity of things,
with which all people had as early an acquaintance as with their fingers.
Nor can I imagine that any body will ever shew a solid reason why a
people who march against their enemies on a day of battle, a practice
which all different tribes constantly observed ever since the division of
mankind, should not at all times have names for the numbers of their
men, as well as for that of their fingers.

Now I think it pertinent to my subject to remark, that the very near
resemblance and affinity between the Irish words and the Latin, in the
above list, furnishes a fresh proof of the high antiquity both of the
Iberno-Celtic dialect, and of the epoch of the separation of the Guidhe-
lian colony from the main body of their nation in Gaul ; inasmuch as
that near affinity of the Irish with the Latin must necessarily proceed
from much a nearer one, and probably from an original identity between
the language of the Guidhelians or the Celts of Gaul, and that of the
Aborigines or Indigenae of Italy, who were a people of very remote an-
tiquity. This original identity of the primitive language of the Gauls
with that of the Aborigines of Italy might, I think, be accounted for in
a very natural manner. That part of the posterity of Japhet which
peopled the south and south-west parts of Europe, must have first pro-
ceeded from the centre of the separation and dispersion of mankind,
(whether it be Armenia, or the plains of Senaar,) towards the straits of
the Thracian Bosphorus, and those of the Hellespont, which they crossed
over by the means of boats, whose construction, doubtless, was familiar
to them from the traditional knowledge they had of that of the ark.
Those tribes which passed over the Hellespont first inhabited the south
parts of Thracia, as also Macedonia and Greece; and those which
crossed the Thracian Bosphorus, now the straits of Constantinople,
must, by the same reason of convenience, have been the first inhabitants
both of the northern parts of Thrace and of Lower and Upper Mysia,
as also of Dacia, when a part of them had crossed the Danube. In
process of time a part of those tribes which first stopped in the two
Mysias and the northern parts of Thrace, proceeded towards Illyris, or
lllyricum, and Pannonia; from which regions, where they were separated
into two different bodies, it is natural to conclude, from the situation of
them parts, that they proceeded towards the west by two different
courses ; those of Pannonia steering towards Noricum, now Austria,
Stiria, Carniola, Carinthia, and Upper Bavaria ; from which quarters all
the western parts of Germany, in all appearance, were first peopled, as
the east and north-east parts very probably were from Dacia ; and those
of lllyricum, taking their course towards Istria, from which point of the
Adriatic coast they poured down into the delicious regions of Italy,
whence, after having multiplied their numbers, a part of them proceeded
to Gaul, speaking the very same language with those of their nation
which they left in Italy, and who by all the ancient authors were called
Indigence, or Aborigines, words of the same signification, meaning that

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. XXXI

they were the original or primitive people who first inhabited that land.
Those were the Siculi, the Ausones, the Uinbri, (and all their descen-
dants of different names mentioned by Cluver. Georgr. 1. 3. c. 33. p. 332.)
and the people who were particularly called Aborigines, of whom
Dionys. Hallicarnassus says, that some of the ancient historians counted
them amongst the Indigetes, or Indigence, and that others wrote they
were a tribe of the Ligures, who came into the centre of Italy from the
neighbourhood of Gaul, where indeed it is well known that those an-
cient people were settled at both sides of the Alpes as far as to the banks
of the Rhone, being in all appearance a part of the first detachments that
went off from Italy towards Gaul, and who may consequently be ranked
amongst the Indigenae. The same author adds that other ancients iden-
tified the Aborigines with the Umbrians, whom Plinius represents as the
most ancient people of Italy, Umbrorum gens antiquissima Italics exis-
thnatur,\.3. c. 14; and Florus calls them antiqui-ssimus Italics popidus.
But this diversity of opinions concerning the origin of the Aborigines
serves to prove that they were a tribe of the first inhabitants of Italy, and
consequently of the same stock and body of people, whereof the first
planters of Gaul were but a detachment, as the Umbri are acknowledged
by some of the most respectable ancient writers to be of the same stock
with the old Gauls, not of those who repassed the Alps, and inhabited
the upper parts of Italy called Gallia Togata. So Solinus, citing Boc-
chus, says, Gallorum veterum propaginem Umbros esse Bocchus absol-
vit, Sol. c. 8 ; and Servius, Sane Umbros Gallorum reterum propaai-
nern esse Marcus Antonius refert, Serv. 1.11; Isidorus, Umbri Italics
gens est, sed Gallorum veterum propago, Isid. 1. 9. c. 2. The Sabini,
who, as well as the Umbri and the Aborigines, made a part of the peo-
ple afterwards called Latins, were but a tribe of the Umbri, and conse-
quently of the same stock with the primitive Gauls. For this origin of
the Sabini we have the authority of Zenodotus of Tzezene, as quoted by
Dionysius Hallicarnassus,!. 2. Antiq., and who had anciently written the
History7 of the Umbrians, whom he calls Indigetes, and says that a part
of them being forced by the Pelasgi to remove from their former quarters,
were afterwards called Sabini: mutatoque cum sedibus nomine, Sabinos
fuisse appellatos. Now supposing the above scheme of the original
population of those regions of Europe which I have mentioned, to be
agreeable to reason and the nature of things, a point which is to be sub-
mitted to the judgment of the public, it must naturally follow that all
the primitive inhabitants of those regions had originally but one and the
same language. Of which fact Cluverius has produced very good proofs
and clear vestiges in Gaul, Germany, Spain, Italy, and Illyricum,
(German. Antiq. c. 6, 7, 8.) ; and had he also taken "in Thrace," Mace-
donia, and Greece, I cannot think that he would have been mistaken.
I am much inclined to believe that the near agreement which the ancient
writers have remarked between the old Latin and the Greek, was in
greater measure owing to this original identity of the European lan-
guages, than to whatever mixture might have been introduced into the
Latin from the dialects of the Greek adventurers that came to Italy from
time to time. Nor do I doubt tHit that the Gauls who repassed the

XXX11 PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.

Alps, and settled in Upper Italy in the earliest times of the Romans,
found the language of that country very nearly agreeing with their own :
in the same manner and by the same reason that the people of Ireland
and those of the Highlands of Scotland easily understand each other's
dialects, though it be now near twelve hundred years since the Scots of
Scotland parted from those of Ireland.

What I have now advanced concerning the chief cause of the near
affinity and agreement anciently remarked between the Latin and the
Greek, may perhaps be found supported in some measure by the like
affinity appearing in several instances between the Iberno-Celtic and the
Greek in the following list of Irish, Greek, and Latin words. For
whenever the Latin shews a radical affinity with the Celtic, as well as
with the Greek, at the same time, I cannot but think we may conclude
that such an affinity does not proceed from any mixture derived into the
Latin from the Greek colonies anciently settled in Italy, but rather from
the remains of that original agreement which subsisted in the primitive
times between all the dialects of the Celtic nations, amongst which the
Greek may justly be counted, especially before it was changed by the
mixtures it received from the Phoenician and Egyptian colonies. Hence
we may conclude that the Greek words in the following list which agree
with the Ibemo-Celtic and the Latin, are certainly of a Celtic or Celto-
Scythian origin; and that the Latin words are immediately derived
from the Celtic in the same manner, and not from the Greek, as I have
before observed. In this list the Greek words are set down after the
Irish ; next, the Latin words that agree with both, in Italic characters,
and then the English explication in Roman types. The letter M. shall
be fixed after the Irish monosyllables, which strangers may mistake for
j (/ words of two syllables. When it happens that the words resembling
each other are not exactly of the same, but only of an analogous signifi-
cation, their respective meaning and common acceptation shall be ex-
plained apart. The letters Ir. are to distinguish the Irish words, Gr.
the Greek, and Lot. the Latin, in the following manner : Ir. <xe/i, M.,
Gr. arjp, Lat. aer, the air ; Ir. <xjliej/-, Gr. ajSuo-o-oc, Lat. abyssus, the
sea; Ir. ajf-iget or ojftjjgot, Gr. apyvjooc, Lat. argentum, silver; Ir.
<xll, Gr. aXAoc, Lat. alius, another; Ir. <xm<x;l and pxtrxxjl, Gr. 6/iaAoc,
Lat. similis, like; Ir. <xnnco;/te, Gr. ayicvpa, Lat. anchora, an anchor;
Ir. <xon and eun, Gr. EV, Lat. unum, one ; Ir. <x/i, Gr. apomz, Lat. aratio,
ploughing; Ir. <xt<xj/t, Gr. Trarijp, andarra, (quavoce cetatc provectiores
a junior ibus,et altores ab alumnis olim nuncupabantur. — Vid. Glossar.
Goth, in Voce Atta ad Celcem Codicis ArgenteL} Lat. pater, a father.
y The letter p was abusively prefixed by the Greeks and Latins to the
original Celtic word <xca^t or <xte/i. Ir. bac andbdcul, Gr. jSaicrpov,
Lat. baculus, a staff; Ir. b;t and beatcx, Gr. jStorrj, Lat. vita, life ; Ir.
be;/t and bejfvjm, Gr. ^gpw, Lat. foro, to bring or carry; Ir. bo, Gr.
QOVQ, and JEo\. fSoe, Lat. bos, a cow or an ox ; Ir. b;t<xc, Gr. ftpa\iov,
Lat. brachium, the arm, meaning all the hand down from the shoulder to
the fingers, all comprehended; Ir. bun, Gr.QevOog, Lat. fundum, a bot-
tom or foundation ; Ir. c<xbun, Gr. Karrwr, Lat. capo, a capon ; Ir. cajlc,
Gr. xoX(£, Lat. calx, colds, chalk or lime, or cement of limestone ; Ir.

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. XXXI 11

, Gr. icava/3tc> Lat. canabis, hemp; Ir. cej/i, Gr. Kjjpoe, Lat. cera,
wax ; Ir. ceo.tr, Gr. k-arov, Lat. centum, one hundred ; Ir. cjfce, a trea-
sure locked up in a chest, Gr. KHTTT), Lat. ci-sta pro area, a chest; Ir.
cojljy, Gr. KauXoe, Lat. caulis, cabbage; Ir. cclun, Gr. k-oXwvjj, Lat.
columna, a post ; Ir. co^-, Gr. TTOUC, Lat. pes, a foot ; Ir. cu, genit. sing.
and nom. plur. cajn, Gr. KUWV, genit KVI/OC, Lat. canis, a hound or dog;
Ir. c/toc, Gr. KpoKog, Lat. crocus, saffron ; Ir. Oe and £);a, Gr. GEOC,
Lat. Z)ew.s, God ; Ir. bejc and beaj, M., Gr. Saca, Lat. decem, ten ; Ir.
b;^-, two persons or things, Gr. &?, Lat. bis, twice ; Ir. bo, Gr. 8ww, Lat.
f/w o, two ; Ir. ea/t/t, Gr. ^pwe, Lat. heros, a hero ; Ir. pijb and ba;b,
Gr. 0cm/c, Lat. e.-«fc.?, a prophet; Ir. jrjle, or jrjleab, Gr. 0tXoo-o0oc,
Lat. philosophus, a philosopher or poet; Ir. jreall, deceit or treachery,
Gr. 0/jXew, Lat.fallo, to deceive ; Ir. fecij, Gr. ^cryoc, Dor. Lat./ao^s,
the beech-tree; Ir. jrjon, Gr. CHVOS, Lat. I'htum, wine; Ir. gftan and
£/ta;nne, Gr. jpavov, Lat. granum, a grain, or grain, meaning corn;
Ir. la and 15, plur. lajona, Gr. Xiov, in the compound word, ytviOXioc;
and yevtQXiov natalis dies, Lat. lux, a day, or day-light ; Ir. lac or loc,
Gr. XaKKoe, Lat. lac us, a lake or pool of water ; Ir. lar/n, Gr. Xoy^rj,
Lat. lancea, a lance or sword; Ir. l;n or ljun, Gr. XLVOV, Lat. Unum,
flax; Ir. maca;^, Gr. ^ur/rrj/o, Lat. mater, a mother; Ir. m;l, Gr. /urjXt,
Lat. mel, honey; Ir. m; and m)0f, Gr. /u>jv, Lat. me us is, a month ; Ir,
neabul, Gr. i/£0eX»j, Lat. nebula, a cloud; Ir. no, Gr. veoej Lat. novus.
new; Ir. noct or nuctr, Gr. w£, Lat. WDJ:, night; Ir. ola, Gr. eXatov,
Lat. oleum, oil ; Ir. oct, Gr. OKTU, Lat. oc^o, eiuht ; Ir. p;an, Gr. iroivr),
iatpoena, pain; Ir. /teuma, Gr. ntv/jia, Lat. rheuma, phlegm; Ir. ^ac,
Gr. o-ak-Koc, Lat. saccus, a sack or bag ; Ir. j'Cjf, Gr. <rica^>j, Lat. scapha,
a ship ; Ir. /~be;/t or /^5e;/t, Gr. afyaipa, Lat. splicer at the sky, the
sphere; Ir. ;tra;b, Gr. oraSfov, Lat. stadium, a furlong; Ir. ta/tb, Gr.
rov/>oc, Lat. taurus, a bull; Ir. tja/tna, Gr. -upavvoc, Lat. tyrannus, a
lord or king; Ir. tojl, Gr. OeXijjua, Lat. voluntas, tlie will. The Iberno-
Celtic monosyllable co;l is the root of the Latin and Greek words, as
well as of the Latin volo. Ir. tr^t;, Gr. rso£t?, Lat. tres, tria, three.

This list might be made much longer, and carried even to a greater ex-
tent than the limits of a Preface could reasonably admit ; especially as
it is now to be followed by another series of Irish and Greek words of the
like affinity, in which the Latin takes but little or no share, and from
which it will further appear how abundantly the Greek hath derived its
words from the old Celtic, the primitive and universal language of all
Europe, its north-east parts alone excepted. And this abundant deriva-
tion of the Greek from the Celtic, would, I am convinced, appear still
more remarkably, if such another comparative vocabulary as this I am
working at, were made up in a series of German and Greek words,
agreeing with each other in radical structure as well as in signification.
Iff reason for thinking so is, because it is in my thought very natural to
believe that Germany received its first inhabitants remotely from
Thracia and the two Mysias, and immediately from Dacia and Pannonia,
as hath been laid down in the above plan of the first population of
Europe ; and consequently that the German language must abound with
the old Thracian, Phrygian, and Macedonian tongue, which was origi-

XXXIV PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.

nally but a dialect of the Celtic. Here follows the series of Irish and
Greek words as above described : Ir. <xj<xlld, a speech or declaration.,
Gr. cryyeAAw, nuncio, whence ayytXog, and the Latin angelus ; Ir. <x;be, •
M., the face or countenance, Gr. Ǥoc, species, prcRstans forma, a good
face or countenance ; Ir. <xjbme, pronounced <x;me, Gr. ai/uiog, coarse or
shrubby land, Lat. dumus ; Ir. <x;n, Gr. cuvrj, praise, honour ; Ir. <x/ig,
Gr. aoyog, white ; Ir. cumrou, a horse's neck-band, or collar, Gr. ei/z/ia,
I vinc'idum, a band or bandage ; Ir. <x/i, slaughter, Gr. Apijc, Mars ; Ir.
beann, Gr. jSouvoe, the summit of a mountain, or the top of any thing ;
Ir. c<xc, the excrement of man or beast, Gr. KUKKI], dung; Ir. ca/i/t<xjc,

a rock, also a stone-castle, Gr. vapa!;, a rock or bulwark ; Ir. c<xla, Gr.
XoAeTroe, hard ; Ir. cam, crooked, Gr. KOJUTTTW, to make crooked ; Ir. col,

Gr. Ko\ov(TiQ, an impediment ; Ir. c/io, Gr. Kvap, the eye of a needle ;
Ir. Cjion, dark or brown coloured, Gr. xp°w> to colour; Ir. c/ijt, a
trembling, Gr. KpatW, to tremble ; Ir. cujfim, Gr. Kovpjut, beer or ale ;
Ir. bea/ic, the eye, Gr. Stp/cto, to see. The Celtic be<x/ic is manifestly
the root of the Greek verb SepKw, and the more evidently as verbs are
generally derived from nouns. I doubt that any other language affords
a word of a stronger or more natural signification than that which is the
only word in the Irish to signify sight, or the eye-sight, I mean ;t<x;b-
bea/ic, contracted into ^ajbedfic, whose literal meaning is, in Latin,
radii oculorum, the rays of the eyes; Ir. bo/idj", Gr. Ovpaz, accusat.
plur. a door ; Ir. bu/1, Gr. i/Swp, water. Plato in his Cratilus is of
opinion that this word, as also TTVO, fire, and KVVEC, dogs, are derived
from the Phrygian language. He might as properly have derived them
from the Celtic of Europe, wherein u/i is fire, cujn, dogs, and bu/t, water,
whence the termination bu/ium of many names of towns in the Celtic
countries. Ir. bj<xcu;/i, grief, Gr. <Wpoue, tears ; Ir. ^^Ijf, Gr. jij-
j\ianog, a tickling; Ir. lea^t<x/i, plur. lea^a;/i, ships, Gr. Xrjarrjcja pi-
rate, and Arjorpticov, a sea-rover ; whence Lestrigones, the name of a pira-
tical people anciently settled in Italy ; Ir. obcxn, Gr. 0o|3oc> fear, dread ;
Ir. 7-e<x/icall, Gr. cropica, accusat. flesh ; Ir. ^noeu^t, Gr. juopov, a black-
berry; Ir. 7710/7 and /vjn, Gr. ptv, the nose; Ir. t;me, Gr. T^JJ, honour
or dignity ; Ir. ton, Gr. VWTOV, the breech ; Ir. tjtOfc<x, fast, Gr. 0pccrKta,
in the compound word tOtXo-OptaKia, i. e. voluntaria jejunia, and
rendered in the vulgate, superstitio, from the original Greek of the
Epistle to the Collosenses, c. 2. v. 23. where it alludes to the super-
stitious Judaical fasts observed without authority ; vid. Buxtorf. Si/nag.
Jud. c. 13. versus Jinem. Ir. c/-ie;b, a quarrelling with words, a dispute,
Gr. OptTTt, (vid. Scholiast. Aristophan. in voce thrette,) to litigate or

dispute ; Ir. o;ce and u;ce, Gr. vyta, (in the compound word aicpovu-

X<a, nox intempesta,} the night. Ma

this list, had not our Preface been already stretched to too great a length.

The reader may remark that the Irish words in the preceding lists are
either of one or two syllables, and that the Greek and Latin words cor-
}. i, responding to them are generally of two or three syllables, which is a
* plain mark of their being derivatives from the Celtic.

Before I have dismissed tin's subject, I find myself interested by the
plan I have laid down to account for the origin of the affinity still sub-

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. XXXV

sisting iii some measure between the ancient different languages of
Europe in its south and south-west parts, to make a i'ew remarks on a
system of quite a different tendency published last year at London on
the same subject, in a work entitled " The Remains of Japhet," wherein
all the different dialects of the posterity of Japhet by his sons Gomer
and Magog, are reduced by the learned author to the one common name
of Japhetan Language, which, he says, "was afterwards called Pelas-
gian, and then the Gomerian and Mogogian, or Scythian language ;
which, he adds, is now to be found only in Ireland, the Highlands of
Scotland and Wales; and hence," says he, "I count the Irish and
Welch to be sister dialects of the Pelasgian." These are the very words
of the author, (Praef. p. 12.) by which we see he not only reduces all the
different dialects of the Japhetan language under the one general name
of Pelasgian, which he consequently must mean to be the national name
of all the descendants of Japhet by his two sons Gomer and Magog; but
also adds that the name of Pelasgian was more ancient than that of Go-
merian and Magogian, or Scythian language. This learned author does
not stop here, but extends the Pelasgian name still farther, by attributing
it also to the dialect of the descendants of Javan, the fourth son of Ja-
phet, (Genes. 10. 2.) for in the first place he tells us, (chap. 1. p. 47.)
that, " thus," to cite his own words, " was the Ionian or Gomerian lan-
guage first founded in Greece, the isles of Elisha, and afterwards called
Pelasgian;" where, by the by, he identifies the name Ionian with Gome-
rian, as he does in the preceding page, though those two races, and their
names, proceeded from two different persons, both sons of Japhet. This
notion surely could not be a consequence of the mistake committed in
chap. 1. p. 35, where Javan is set down as the third son of Gomer,
which must be through inadvertency, or the fault of the printer, since
the author mentions him as the fourth son of Japhet in p. 41. It is
likely the descendants of Gomer and Javan used but almost one and the
same language in the primitive times of their separation ; but as this
learned author acknowledges that Greece was first peopled by Javan
and his children, I cannot imagine why he identifies the Javonian and
Gomerian, as well as the Pelasgian dialects in so many different places
throughout his book, even when speaking of times of great distance
from the epoch of the dispersion of mankind. The few remarks I have
f x *~ to make on this learnecf"auffior's system cannot, with any reason, be
judged offensive to liim, since I begin with fairly confessing that I have
not acquired erudition enough to understand it, or to discover any solid
foundation he may have to extend the Pelasgian name not only to all
the posterity of Javan and their language, but also to all those of Gomer
and Magog, and their different and widely spreading dialects through-
out all Europe and the greater part of the Asiatic regions ; a point he
insists on in many places besides those I have quoted, and very remark-
ably in the following words, ch. 3. p. 71 : " But though the whole issue
of Japhet were first called Pelasgians in general, yet they appear to have
been all along considered, both in Scripture, and among the earliest as
well as modern authors, under the two general appellations of Gomerians
or Celts, and Scythians." And here it is observable that our author, who

XXXVI PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.

now makes no mention of the Javonians, must still mean to identify them
with the Gomerians, since he says that " all the issue of Japhet were first
called Pelascpans, and then Gomerians," &c.

The origin of the Pelasgians, and the derivation of their name, is
well known to be a very uncertain point : I have diligently examined all
the different accounts given of them by the ancient historians, such as
Herodotus, Thucidides, Pausanias, Strabo, Dionys. Halicarn., Macro-
bins, besides what little Homer and Hesiod say of them ; all which
authors I have now before me, and have pretty maturely consulted. I
have also compared the different opinions given of them by the moderns,
such as Gurtlerus, de Originibus, 1. 1. c. 15, 17, &c., Pezron, Fromont
the elder, Peloutier, and others ; and after all, I can only say that the
origin of the Pelasgians and that of their name is a point that seems to
me still wrapped up in its primitive uncertainty and obscurity. It ap-
pears indeed by all accounts that they were very ancient inhabitants of
different parts of Greece, removing successively from one quarter to
another; and I see no absurdity, though no certainty, in the opinion of
their being the descendants of some of the earliest planters of that coun-
try. But of what particular stock, whether Javonians or Gomerians, or of
the posterity of Peleg, the fourth descendant from Shem, as Epiphanius
gives room to think them, and as Gurtlerus assures himself, no body can
determine with any degree of certainty. Strabo, lib. 5, upon the autho-
rity of Ephorus, who, he says, had his from Hesiod, derives their origin
and name from Pelasgus, the founder of the kingdom of Arcadia, and so
does Macrobius, Saturnal. 1. 5. c. 18, which is the more apparent, as the
former tells us in the same place that it was upon Hesiod's authority
that Ephorus had derived the origin of the Pelasgians from Arcadia, as
being descendants of Pelasgus; for Strabo had, a few lines before, cited
Ephorus in the following words, for having related that those people
were originally Arcadians : " Eos (Pelasgos) originem ab Arcadibus du-
centes, vitam militarem delegisse, author est Ephorus;" to which he
adds, " that having induced many other people to observe the same mi-
litary institution, they were all distinguished by the one common name of
Pelasgians ;" which, we may observe, furnishes one reason to account for
their multiplicity. But who this Pelasgus was, or of what origin, is
another point that still remains involved in very deep obscurity. Sir
Isaac Newton, accustomed to give no proofs but demonstrations, tells Us,
without proof, that Pelasgus was one of the race or subjects of the Pastor
Kings of Egypt, made fugitives by Misphragmuthosis, and that he came
to Greece, together with Inachus, Lelex, Oeolus, the old Cecrops, and
others, all adventurers of the same pastor-race. But we are told by
Greek historians that he was the son of Jupiter by Niobes. — Vid. Gurt-
ler. 1. 1. c. 15. s. 15. The learned Fromont the elder is very positive
that the Pelasgians were originally Philistines, and the same people as
the Lclei^os. But whatsoever origin or stock Pelasgus may be of, if we
suppose the Pelasgians to be his descendants, their antiquity in Greece
must, be allowed very respect able, as Gurtlerus and Simson refer him t<>
A. M. 2420, about, 1600 yeaw before Christ, though still very short of
what it would be, had they descended from ihe Javonians or lonians.

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. XXXV11

who, according to Josephus, Epiphanius, and others, were the first inha-
bitants of Greece. And indeed if what Herodotus relates (in Polymn.)
as the opinion of the Greeks in his time, viz. that the lones. when they
had lived in Achaia of Peloponnesus, which, he says, was before the time
of Danaus and Xuthus, the son of Deucalion, were called Pelasgi
.'Egiales, or Littorales, but afterwards lones, from Ion, the son of
Xuthus ; if this report of the Greeks, T say, were well founded, it would
seem to identify those Pelasgi ^Egiales, or Littorales, with the old
lonians. But Herodotus seems to have had no opinion of the foundation
of that report of the Greeks in his time, for when first he mentions the
Pelasgi in his first book, after observing that they were a different
people from the Hellenians or Greeks, being of different language and
manners, and that they were perpetually removing from place to place,
(which, it would seem, may be partly owing to their military way of liv-
ing,) he adds, " that under King Deucalion they inhabited the coast of
Phthiotis, (near that bay which in Ptolemy's maps is called Sinus Pelas-
gicus,) that under Dorus, the son of Deucalion, they removed to Estiotis,
(in Upper Thessaly,) that being thence expelled by the Cadmaeans, they
settled for some time in a place called Macednus in Pindus, (a city or
territory of the Dorians,) whence they returned to Thessaly, then called
Dryopides, and that it was from this last station they came into Pelopon-
nesus, where they were called Dorici, or Dores;" doubtless for their
having lived among the Dorians of Thessaly ; Pindus, where they had
lived for some time, being, as I have just now said, one of their cities or
territories, and which with Erineus, Boius, Cytinius, and Doris, all
situate about Mount Pindus, constituted the Dorian State. — See Diod.
Sycul. 1. 11. c. 79. and Gurtler. 1. 2. c. 30. s. 55.

But the author of " The Remains of Japhet," availing himself of
this appellation of Pelassi &giales} which Herodotus mentions to have
been attributed, by a vulgar report among the Greeks, to the lones of
Peloponnesus, concludes thereupon, not only that the Pelasgi were the
same people as the Sicyones or ^Egiales, subjects of ^Egialeus, the first
king of Sicyonia, but also that they were the most ancient settled people
of all the Greeks, inasmuch as " the Slavonians were the eldest settled
kingdom of all Greece," according to Bishop Cumberland, whom he
quotes, pp. 81, 82. This conclusion our erudite author introduces by
the following lines, p. 88 : " The most ancient monarchy of these (the
Pelasgi) was that of the Sicyonians, and their country was called
Sicyonia, situated on the north-west side of the Peloponnesus ; but the
name of this peninsula was first /Egialea, which, in the opinion of the
famous Bishop Cumberland, was so called either from its first king,
/Egialeus, or because it lay near the shore of that peninsula." This pe-
riod, indeed, seems somewhat obscure ; to me, at least, I confess it is
not intelligible. But the following in p. 82 is very clear : " Now as to
the Sicyonians. a division of the Pelasgi, which was the first and general
name of all the original settlers, their antiquity cannot be disputed ; for
Herodotus says, in his Polymttia, that the Greeks Affirm the people of
this kingdom, ^Egialea, were called Pelasgi ^Eszialenses before Danaus
came into Greece, and before Xuthus' time, whose son Ion is fabulously

XXXV111 PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.

said to have given the name lones to some of the inhabitants of Greece."
Now with this worthy author's good leave, I humbly think these two pa-
ragraphs of his work may want some share of revision for their greater
accuracy. For in the first place, I must observe to him, that Herodotus
does not say " the Greeks affirmed that the people of the kingdom of
^Sgialea were called Pelasgi ./Egialenses," as this writer sets down ; but
that the Tones of Achia, in Peloponnesus, were said to be so called, ac-
cording to the report of the Greeks. lones qui quamdiu in Peloponneso
Regionem quce vocatur Achia incoluerunt, et ante adventum Danai et
Xutti in Peloponnesum (ut Greed aiunt) vocabantur Pelasgi ^Egiales
sen Littorales, sed ab lone Xuthi^/fo lones sunt appellati. These are
the precise words of Herodotus in the Latin edition revised by Henricus
Stephanus. In the next place I do not find any authority for this author's
assertion, " that JEgialea was the first name of the peninsula of Pelopon-
nesus ;" nor does it appear that it was even the first name of Sicyonia,
but rather the contrary ; inasmuch as I find in Ptolemy's map of that pe-
ninsula, which now lies open before me, the following words marked
down in that part which comprehended the kingdom of Sicyonia,
" Sicyonia, prius Micone, post ^gialis" Besides all this, it is to be
considered that Herodotus, as I have already observed, does not appear
to have any good opinion of that report of the Greeks about the Pelasgi
^giales, especially as by his account of the migrations of the Pelasgi,
they did not enter into Peloponnesus until long after the time of ^Egia-
leus, who, by all accounts, was of much higher antiquity than either Da-
naus or Xuthus. And another reason why this author could not, with
any degree of certainty, have concluded, from the appellation of Pelasgi
JEgiales, that the Pelasgian name in Peloponnesus was as ancient as
^Egiales, or the kingdom of Sicyonia, is, that the word sEgiales is made
synonimous to Littoralis, not only by the Latin edition of Herodotus,
but also by Bishop Cumberland, as above cited by our author, and by
Fromont the elder, who likewise derives the proper name of King
JBgiales, from his having settled himself near the shore ; and this deri-
vation is the more natural as mytaAoc in Greek signifies the same as
littus, a shore. In short, all that can be said, with any appearance of
foundation or probability, for the antiquity of the Pelasgian name in
Peloponnesus, in my humble opinion, is reducible to this alone : that
after the removal of the Pelasgi from Thessaly to that Peninsula, where,
according to the above account of Herodotus, they were called Dorici or
Dores, (a name which they brought with them from Doris, where they
had inhabited, in the city of Pindus, as I have already observed, and
what I find confirmed by Gurtlerus, lib. 2. c. 30. s. 56.) The lones of
the Peloponnesian Achia, who then were settled in the twelve cities enu-
merated by Herodotus in his first book, having plain cause of appre-
hending the consequences of the growing power and ambition of the
Athenians, joined both in alliance and military institution with those
Doric Pelasgians, as being a numerous tribe of veteran soldiers. In
consequence of which junction the lonians were called Pelasgi ^Egiales,
i. o. Littorales, as being all situated on the coast of Achia, behind
Sicyonia, towards the west. And this new appellation of the lonians is

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION". XXXIX

naturally consequent from Strabo's account of the Pelasgi, of whom he
says that all the different people who had associated themselves with
them in the same institution of a military life, were distinguished by the
same name of Pelasgi: ad quam vitcp (militaris) institutionem cum alias
permidtos convert issent, idem omnibus rocabulum impertisse. — Strabo,
(ex Ephoro,) lib. 5. The apprehension of the Tones was but too well
grounded, inasmuch as they were afterwards dispossessed of their twelve
cities by the Adrians, or Athenians, who transplanted them backward of
Athens into Hellas, or Hellades, afterwards called Achaia, on the conti-
nent of Greece in Lower Thessaly, where they could secure them from
any junction with the Spartans.

The circumstance explained in the above quotation from Strabo, ac-
counts very naturally, as I have hinted before, for the great extent of the
Pelasgian name ; and this author, immediately after his remark in that
passage, plainly tells us it was from that circumstance it happened that
the Pelasgian name was famous in Greta, Thessalia, Lesbos, and the
neighbourhood of Troas. Other authors, particularly Pausanias and
Dionysius Hallicarnassus, extended that name to other parts of Greece
and the Ionian coasts of Asia ; and this, I think, is all that can be said of
the Pelasgi and the cause of the extent of their name. As to that adven-
turing band of them that went to Italy, they were so inconsiderable that
the Aborigines conceived no jealousy against them for their number, but
received them with open arms as their auxiliaries against the Umbrians.
Peloutier cites Thucidides as if he had said that the Pelasgians were
most widely dispersed throughout all Greece before the time of Hellen,
the son of Deucalion. His quotation runs thus : ante cetatem Hellenis
ftli > Deitcalionis gens Pelasgica latissime diffusa erat. — Thucid. 1. 1.
c. 3. I have scrupulously examined Thucidides, not only in his first
book and third chapter here cited, but throughout the whole Latin copy
revised and published by Henricus Stephanus, and could find no words
to that purpose in any part of his work, nor any mention of the Pelasgi
but in two places. First in that very place cited by Peloutier, where I
only find these lines wherein the Pelasgi are occasionally mentioned :
ante Trojanum helium constat Helladem (postea Achiam) nihil commu-
niter egisse ; ac ne ipsum q u idem hoc nomen tota ubiqtie mihi ridetur
habuisse, scd qucedam loca ante Hellenem Deucalionis filiiim : nee us-
quequaque hocfuisse cognomen, sed turn suum cuj usque gentis pro-
priif.m, turn Pelasgicum a seipsis cognomen imposition. This only shews
that the Pelasgians were one of the different people that inhabited Hel-
lades in Lower Thessaly before the reign of Hellenes, which agrees
with Herodotus's account above related. The other mention of the Pe-
lasgians by Thucidides, is in his fourth book, where he only says of them
that the Pelasgici Tyrrheni were formerly inhabitants of Lemnus and
Athens. In the last-cited page of " The Remains of Japhet" the
learned author advances, " that Pelasgi was the first and general name
for all the original settlers." Certainly he could not have devised a more
concise and effectual method to comprehend within that name, not only
all the primitive descendants of Japhet, but also those of his two bro-
thers. But I apprehend he will scarce be able to reconcile it with the

x PREFACE TO THE FIKST EDITION.

particular character given of those people by Herodotus and Strabo, of
whom the former, in his account above related, says of them : ilia vero
(gens Pelasgica) assidue multumque est pervagata ; and the latter ob-
serves that the Attican writers said of the Pelasgians, that being accus-
tomed to go about like birds wherever chance or fortune led them, they
were hence, instead of Pelasgr, called Pelargi, i. e. Ciconiae, meaning
storks or cranes, a kind of strolling birds. Rerum Atticarum scriptores
de Pelasgis tradidere Athenis fuisse Pelasgos, qui cum, instar ai'ium
quo sors vocaret hue atque illuc errabundi commearant, pro Pelasgi,
Pelargl, i. e. Ciconice vocarentur ab Atheniensibus. It is from this
unsettled kind of life, and from the radical derivation of the word Pe-
lasgi, that the erudite Fromont the elder, and the very judicious and
learned author of the Mechanical Formation of Languages, make the
name Pelasgi synonimous to dispersi; and indeed it would seem by
Strabo's remarking that all those who came into the military institution
of the Pelasgi, which engaged them to march from place to place,
wherever they found it advantageous to take party as auxiliaries, that
this appellation of Pelasgi was rather significative of their profession or
state of life, than the particular name of a tribe or nation. From all this
it follows, that the Pelasgi were of all others the people who had the
least right to be called Settlers.

One point relative to the Pelasgi at which, I confess, I am somewhat
surprised, is the great consideration they are held in by some modern
writers on account of their religious maxims, as they are described by
Herodotus in the following passages, by which the learned reader will
judge whether the Pelasgi deserve to be extolled, as they are by those
writers, for their manner of worship, as if it were agreeable to the pure
patriarchal religion : " Hos itaque ritus, et alios praeterea quos referam,
Greed sunt ab ^Egyptiis mutuati ; sed ut Mercurii statuam facerent por-
recto cum veretro non ab dEgyptiis, sed a Pelasgis didicerunt, et primi
quidem ex omnibus Graacis Athenienses acceperunt, et ab his deinceps
alii : nam praestabant apud Grcecos ea tempestate Athenienses, in quo-
rum regione permixti Pelasgi habitant, ex quo coeperunt pro GriKcis
haberi. Quisquis Cabirorum sacris fuit initiatus, quae Samothraces
peragunt a Pelasgis sumpta, is, o vir, quae dico intelligit. Nam Samo-
thraciam prius incoluerunt hi Pelasgi qui cum Atheniensibus habitave-
runt, et ab illis Samothraces orgia acceperunt." It seems to me very
extraordinary that those writers who affect to extol the religion of the
Pelasgi, take no sort of notice of this fine sample of their piety, which
they communicated to the Athenians in the shameful attitude of the sta-
tue of their god Mercury, no more than of their horrid Cabirian myste-
ries, of which they were the authors, according to the above account ;
mysteries which not only encouraged but even required fratricide.
Cablros autem dam Corybantes vacant, mortem quoqm Cabiricam an-
nunciant. Hi enim duo fratricides sublatam cistam, in qua pudendum
Dionysi erat repositum, vexerunt in Hetruriam, egregiarum mercitmi.
mercatores. Ibique habitantes exules, venerabdem pietatis doefrinam,
pudenda cistamque Hetruscis colendam commendarunt. — Clem. Alex.
Admon. ad Gent. p. 1 2. And Firmianus informs us, that at the cele-

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. \li

bration of those Cabirian and Corybantian rites, it was required that two
brothers should kill a third brother, and to the end that this pious cere-
mony should not be profaned by being made known to the public, the
two parricide brothers were to consecrate and bury the murdered body
under the cliff of Mount Olympus. The approvers of the religion of the
Pelasgi must have taken no notice of those horrors, of which they were
the first inventors among the Greeks, by the account of Herodotus. —
See also Gurtler. 1. 1. c. 17. s. 22, 23. But here follows the passage, in
the same place of Herodotus, which is strained, and indeed it must be
violently strained, to found a favourable opinion of the primitive religion
of the Pelasgi as here described; at least it will never appear from it,
that their manner of religious worship was the same as that of the
Patriarchs, who worshipped the one and only true God ; whereas the
Pelasgi professed at all times a plurality of Gods, as appears by this
passage of Herodotus which here followeth, lib. 2 : lidem autem, (Pe-
lasgi) in deorurn invocatione turn omnia immolabunt (iiti ego apud Do-
donam audiendo cognovi} turn nidli deorum ant cognomen ant nomen
imponebcau, quippe quod nondum aud'rissent multo deinde pro-
gressu temporis al tor inn deorum nomina audierunt ex sEgypto allata,
post quos din nomen Dionyst acceperunt. Here we see that the Pe-
lasgi always admitted a plurality of gods, and that the reason why they
gave them no particular names was because they had heard of no such
names until they were received from the Egyptians. It is well known
to all readers of antiquity that in the primitive ages, after the knowledge
and worship of the true Deity had been generally swerved from, no na-
tion, not even the Egyptians, as appears from the first book of Diodorus
Siculus, knew or worshipped any other gods than the sun, moon, stars,
and the four elements ; and that idolatry was not in practice until after-
ages, when the different nations began to deify their kings and illus
trious personages, which seems to have had its first rise from Egypt ana
Phanicia, whence it first came to the knowledge of the Greeks, as ap-
pears by the preceding passage ; and in Greece it was first brought to
perfection and method by Hesiod and Homer, as we are informed by
Herodotus in the same place, and in the following words : Unde autem
singuli deorum extiterint, an cuncti semper fuerint, ant qua specie,
hactenus ignorati/m est, nisi nuper atque heri, ut sic dicam. Nam
Hesiodus atque Homerus (quos quadringcntis non amplius annis ante
me opinor extitisse) fuere qui Gratis theogomam introdurerunt, diis-
que et cogno?nina, et honores, et diversa sacrificia, etfiguras attribue-
i'nnt. Here we see no particular merit can be derived on the religion of
the Pelasgi from their observing no difference of sacrifices, since no
such difference was known to the Greeks before Hesiod and Homer had
instructed them of it.

These remarks on the history of the Pelasgi I have made with a view
to submit them entirely to the" judgment of the learned author of the
Remains of Japhet. Far from being disposed to derogate in the least
from the merit of his work, I rather should, in my quality of a mere
Irishman of the old stock, show him my gratitude for his zeal in assert-
ing that Patriarchal senealosy of Milesius which our bards have been

f

xlii PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.

stout enough to trace up to our first lathers through the plains of Senaar,
mentioning also in their way both the Pharaohs of Egypt and Moses,
V ][ though they knew not one step of that dark road, no more than Senaar
and these personages, until they had learned them from the holy scrip-
tures. As to this erudite author's first peopling Ireland from the
Scythian countries by a north-west route, I must take leave to observe to
him, that it manifestly appears, from the nature of the Irish language,
that Ireland was peopled by Celts both from Gaul and Spain, long be-
fore the arrival of the colony brought thither by Milesius ; and that of
the Tuatha de Domain, or the Dananian tribes, who had preceded the
Milesians, the only Scythian colonies that ever came to Ireland before
the Norwegians or Danes, that were expelled by Brien Boiroimhe in the
beginning of the eleventh century. I am not interested to make any re-
marks against this learned author's making the Britons a Gomerian co-
lony, and bringing them by sea from Greece, though a great deal could
be said, and has already been said upon good grounds by several learned
writers against the old reveries of Jeflfry of Monmouth, who first pub-
lished that opinion, whose chief materials he had found in Nennius.
But if he means, as it seems he does, that the Britons, ancestors of the
Welch, were the first inhabitants of Albion, afterwards called Britain,
he will, I am confident, find the contrary of that opinion well evinced in
the preceding part of this Preface, where it is proved, both by good au-
thorities and what may be called living evidences, that that island was
peopled before them by the Guidhelians or Celts of Gaul, who after-
wards constituted the main body of the Irish nation. As for this learned
writer's making the Irish language a dialect of the Scythian, formed, as
he says, upon the authority of the Irish bards, at the famous school on
the plains of Shinar or Senaar, by a king of Scythia, called Feniusa
Farsa, son of Baath, wlio is pretended to be a son of Magog, I do not
conceive how he can reconcile this opinion of the Irish being a dialect of
the Scythian or Magogian language, with that circumstance he mentions,
p. 119, " that it is called Gaoidhealg, from its first professor at the above
school, by name Gadel, a Gomerian," and that the language he then
spoke and taught as an usher of that school under that royal school-
master Feniusa Farsa, grandson of Magog, is the language of the native
Irish to this day ; a very venerable antiquity, I must conless. But at the
same time I cannot but regret that this worthy gentleman, who appears
but too well inclined to favour the antiquities of Ireland and Britain,
did not consider that nothing could be of greater prejudice or discredit
to them than asserting those fabulous genealogies, and the stories of the
fi v travels of the supposed leaders and chiefs of their ancient colonies, such
as have been rejected with just contempt by all learned nations, first
invented in Ireland by bards and romancers after they came to some
knowledge both of the sacred writings and profane histories ; and in
Britain by Nennius and JefFry of Monmouth, as above observed. The
real and true antiquities of Ireland are not to be derived from any other
sources than our authentic annals, such as those of Tighernach of Innis-
fallen, and the Chronicon Scotorum, and a few others, wherein no fabu-
lous stones are taken notice of, such as those of the book called

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. xliii

Leabber Gabhala, and otbers of tbe kind, published in the translation of
Doctor Keating's History, which he never intended for the public, but
only for the amusement of private families; a translation which must
have been intended for ridiculing and entirely discrediting the Irish
antiquities, as the publisher of Clanrichard's Memoirs has justly ob-
served in his erudite preface. The other repositories of the true Irish
antiquities are, first the very language of the ancient natives, as it is pre-
served in old parchment manuscripts ; next the history of the customs or
manners of these same ancient natives, inasmuch as the surest clue for
tracing out the origin of nations consists both in their language and
old usages; and in the last place, the ancient names of tribes and
places, by which the origin of the old natives may likewise be pointed
out.

Now remains that I should give a particular account of the sources
and authorities from which the following Irish Dictionary hath been de-
rived and composed, which consist not only in different vocabularies, but
also in a good number of the best and most ancient Irish manuscripts
now extant, as is mentioned in the title page. The chief vocabularies
which are inserted in this Dictionary are those of Lhuyd, Plunkel, and
Clery, with others of anonymous authors, besides particular collections
of words taken out of different old writings by persons of the best skill
in the Irish language, with whom I kept a correspondence of letters for
that purpose for several years. The manuscripts out of which I have
taken a great number of words not to be found in any of the vocabularies
above mentioned, are the Annals of Tighernach, of Innisfallen, those called
Chronicon Scotor unhand that great and voluminous repository of the old
Irish language, called LeaHdft Orie<xc,orthe Speckled Book of Mac Eagan,
containing a great collection of lives of saints and historical tracts, and
whereof my copy hath been writteiLsoon after the middle of the eleventh
century, as appears by a list of the archbishops of Armagh down to the
writer's time, who finishes it with CD<xol;;-a. OD<xc-<f mdtjcijb, who suc-
ceeded to that see an. 1165. Another very ancient parchment manu-
script entitled pe;t;/ie na f-Jaom, or the Book of Vigils and Feasts of
Saints, together with that extensive Life of St. Patrick, called f'ita 7V/-
partita, written, according to the judicious Colganus, about the middle
of the sixth century ; besides another Life of the same Saint, written by
Fiechus, one of his earliest disciples, in the beginning of the sixth cen-
tury, and the Life of St. Brigit, composed by Broganus about the year
625, as is solidly proved by Colganus in his Notes on that Life. The
History of the Wars of Thomond, or North Munster, written in a very
florid and copious stile by John Magrath in the year 1459, is another
great repository of the Irish language, which is often quoted in this Dic-
tionary, to whose composition several other manuscripts and printed
books have also contributed. One advantage which accrues for the cul-
tivation of the Irish language, from our having inserted and explained in
this Dictionary the hard words that occur in old manuscripts is, that it
will enable all readers of Irish to understand such manuscripts ; what
will encourage them to cultivate that ancient language, which is the best

xliv PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.

preserved remains of the old Celtic of Gaul and Spain, as hath been
already proved by several reasons and authorities.

But before we have finished this Preface, it may be necessary to ob-
viate an objection that might possibly be made against our opinion of
the purity of the Irish dialect, and our deriving it almost entirely from
the old Celtic of Gaul, or rather identifying the one language with the
other, allowing only a small mixture of the old Spanish, and without
taking much notice of any mixtures it should naturally have received
from the two Scythian or Scytho-German colonies, the Dananians and
the Scots, which we acknowledge not only to have been mixed with the
primitive Irish, but also to have obtained sovereign sway amongst them,
at least in the northern provinces. This objection, which indeed carries
a plausible appearance, can, notwithstanding, be obviated, as I humbly
think, in a very natural manner ; by which it will appear that the mix-
ture which the primitive language of the main body of the old Irish na-
tion, before those Scytho-German colonies, could have received from
their dialects, may justly be esteemed as inconsiderable, or rather almost
as a mere nothing, as that which may be thought to have been intro-
duced into the Irish of all our manuscripts written from the time of the
arrival of the English, Welch, and Norman colonies in Ireland, down to
our own days : manuscripts which shew not the least mixture of English.
The reason is very plain and natural, and can very pertinently be ex-
emplified and confirmed by what happened in Ireland relative to the
people now last mentioned. All the Celtic nations, as may clearly be
inferred from Cesar's Account of his Wars with the Gauls, Germans,
and Britons, as also from other ancient writers, were divided at all times
into different tribes and petty sovereignties, all as independent of each
other as their respective forces could make them, almost perpetually in
war amongst themselves, at least in one part or other of the same nation,
and never acknowledging any one common sovereign or monarch, but
when they all judged it necessary for their defence against a common
enemy to choose a supreme commander invested with all civil and mili-
tary power, as in the case of Cassivellanus : " Non enim unius imperio
regcbantur (says Cambden) sed, ut Gallia, sic quoque Britannia plures
reges habuit. Utque Gallia in rebus difficilioribus publicum gentis
concilium egerunt, et unum imperatorem designarunt ; idem Britannos
praestitisse ex his Caesaris verbis elici possit. Summa imperil belli(///<'
administrandi communi concilia permissa est Cassivillauno" From
this political constitution of all the Celtic nations it naturally followed,
that whenever an adventuring party of strangers came into a Celtic
country, they could never fail of being well received by one tribe or
other of the nation, who employed them as their auxiliaries against those
of their neighbours with whom they had any quarrel ; and in proportion
as those auxiliaries helped the natives to weaken each other by their
quarrels, so they themselves gained ground and strength from day to
day, until they reduced, at long run, the silly warring tribes under their
own sway. And as such foreign adventurers and sea-rovers from the
northern parts always came in small numbers and parties, without
charging their leather boals and .small vessels with women, so they were

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION*. xv

under the necessity of begging wives from the natives of the countries
they were received in : an instance of which fact Beda gives (Hist. Eccl.
c. 1.) in his account of the manner in which the Scandinavian Picts got
wives from the Irish Scots, who certainly were their countrymen, as ap-
pears by the proper names of the chiefs or petty kings of both people,
and from several other arguments. The necessary consequence of this
mixture and alliance of these new adventuring people with the old na-
tives of the country was, that they, or at least their children, lost their
own original language, and spoke no other than that of the nation they
mixed with ; which was exactly the case with the first English settlers
in Ireland, who soon became mere Irishmen in their language and man-
ners, so as to have entirely disused the English, and spoke nothing but
Irish : a circumstance which made the English government think proper
to oblige them to return to the use of the English language, and disuse
the Irish, under certain penalties specified in an Act of Parliament, in
whose preamble it is observed that those English planters were become
more mere Irish than the very natires of the old sort; ipsis Hibernis
Hiberniores. These arguments, I flatter myself, will sufficiently obviate
and annihilate all the force of the above-mentioned objection ; especially
in the eyes of all those who will have read and considered the examples
and proofs produced by Monsieur Bulet in his Dissertations, where he
shews, by solid reasons and plain evidences, that the Gauls preserved
their old language under the empire of the Romans, and for a long time
after the northern people, Goths, Burgundians, and Franks, had settled
among them ; and that it was in Charlemagne's time they began to mix
it with broken Latin.

The author of the Remains of Japhet thinks his system of deriving
the Irish language from the Scythian, or rather identifying the one with
the other, is very clearly and effectually confirmed by Colonel Grant's
explication of an inscription found on the reverse of a Siberian medal, of
which that officer gives a copy in a French Memoir addressed to Mon-
sieur De Lisle, a French envoy or resident at the court of Petersburg.
Colonel Grant, by his explication of that inscription, published in the
Remains of Japhet, pretends that the characters and words inscribed on
that medal are all mere Irish, delivered partly in abbreviations, and
partly in entire words. I have long examined and pored over that in-
scription, as published in the now-mentioned work, and can declare to
the public, with full assurance and knowledge of the matter, that it con-—/'
tains no more of Irish characters or words, either entire or abbreviated,
than it does of Greek or English, or any other language I have any ac-
quaintance with. And further, that that officer's Irish explanation of the
Tartarian words Artugon, Schugo-Teugan, Tangara, not only is vio-
lently strained, but also shows very clearly that Tie had but a very im-
perfect knowledge of the Irish language, and none at all of its ortho-
graphy ; a fact which appears throughout his whole Memoir. And for
a more evincing proof of this fact, I can, with good authority, inform the
public that that officer acknowledged to a worthy person of the fairest
character, both in his public office and private life, in this capital, that
he could not read the Irish language in its old and common letters or

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.

types, either in print or manuscript. This he could not avoid acknow-
ledging, being put to the trial by the person I mean, with whom he had
a friendly intimacy, and from whose mouth I have received this anec-
dote. All this serves to shew us how dangerous it is to grasp at every
appearance of an argument for supporting a favourite opinion. To me
it is really inconceivable why the author of the Remains of Japhet so
earnestly insists on deriving the Irish and their language from the Scy-
thians or Magogians, while he asserts that the Britons and their dialect
proceeded from the Gomerians ; though he brings them from Greece, a
country which he mentions in several places to have been first peopled
by Javan and his posterity, agreeable to Josephus and the authors of the
Universal History ; and yet as often represents its most ancient inhabi-
tants as Gomerians or descendants of Gomer. The close and abundant
affinity, or rather identity, in many instances, so remarkable between the
Irish and Welch dialects, proves to a demonstration that both people
proceeded from the same country or the same nation, in times later, by
many ages, than the epoch of the separation of the Gomerians and Ma-
gogians ; and as we are assured by Tacitus that the language and man-
ners of the Britons agreed with those of the Gauls in his time, it evi-
dently follows, from the close affinity or agreement between the Irish and
Welch dialects, joined to this testimony of Tacitus, that both people
were inhabitants of Gaul immediately before they passed over to the
British isles ; and no good author ever advanced that the Gauls were
Magogians or Scythians. If we should say, with this learned author,
that this close agreement between the Irish and Welch dialects hath pro-
ceeded from the supposed sameness of the dialects of the first descen-
dants of Gomer and Magog; by the same reason we must conclude, that
the dialects of any other two different people descended from any two
sons of Japhet, Sem, or Cham, should keep as close an affinity with each
other to the present time, as the Irish and Welch dialects mutually pre-
serve in our days. But this conclusion is very far from being verified by
experience, nor is it natural or agreeable to reason that it should. The
difference or alteration wrought in the dialects of any two tribes who
proceeded separately from the same country or nation with which it once
made but one and the same people, is owing partly to the difference of
their climates, which having naturally an influence on their organs of
speech and their imaginations, causes a like difference in their pronun-
ciation, and consequently in their language ; and partly to the new dif-
ferent names they must give the new objects they meet with both in their
travels and the countries they fix in ; besides the new names and terms
belonging to the different trades, arts, or sciences they may happen to
invent or discover in process of time, or regarding their different ways of
life : all which names and terms must naturally be different in all diffe-
rent dialects. Now all those alterations, together with what may pro-
ceed from mixtures of words borrowed 1'rom other people in course of
time, must always be proportionable to the space of time which has
elapsed since the first separation of those two tribes or colonies from the
same common country or stock, with which they once constituted but.
one and the same nation : so that the difference of their dialects is

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. xlvii

necessarily in a direct ratio of the length of the time elapsed since their
separation, and consequently their affinity- must always be in an inverse
ratio of that same space of time. Hence it is manifest, that if we com-
pare any three or more dialects of the Celtic nations with each other, the
two whose dialects have preserved the closest affinity are those whose
separation from each other has been most recent ; allowances being
made for their situations and difference of climate. And if a just pro-
portion could be struck out between the respective affinities of the dia-
lects of any two different people with the dialect of any third separate
people ; the quantity or space of the time elapsed since their respective
separations from that third tribe may be determined in some manner ;
not indeed with precision, but so as to leave it unfixed within the com-
pass of some few centuries. Thus if we should suppose that the affinity
of the dialect of the Highlanders of Scotland with the Irish language
may be in the ratio of three to one with the affinity between the Welch
dialect and the same Irish language ; then, if no allowances or deduc-
tions should be made with regard to climate, situation, or other circum-
stance, the quantity of the time elapsed since the separation of the
Welch and the Irish, should be in the same ratio of three to one with
the space of time elapsed from the separation of the Highlanders from
the Irish ; or, which is the same thing, this last space should be in the
inverse ratio of three to one with the former. Now, as it is known from
the Irish Annals that the separation of the Highland Scots from the
Irish began in the year 503, and that they continued to increase their
numbers from Ireland during the sixth, seventh, and eighth centuries, we
may, by taking a medium, fix their entire separation about the middle of
the eighth century ; that is to say about a little more than one thousand
years since. Tliis computation, if we should exactly conform to the
above proportion, would throw back the separation of the Irish from the
Welch on the continent of Gaul, to the term of three thousand years.
But as tlieir climates and thei? situations for preserving their respective
languages in the British Isles, are not very different, we may, with a
good face of certainty, supposing always the above proportion of affini-
ties, refer their separation to some epoch between 2300 and 2600 years
backward of our time ; so as it may be about eight hundred years before
the birth of Christ : a very inconsiderable antiquity in comparison with
that of the separation of the Gomerians and Magogians.

For a conclusion of this Preface, I have one remark to add, which
tends to shew the perfection and politeness, as well as the antiquity of
the Irish language. It consists in this one remarkable circumstance,
that before the Irish came to the knowledge of the Gospel or Christian
morals, their language had words for all moral duties and virtues, and
their opposite vices or sins ; nay, and for those acts which are called
theological virtues, faith, hope, and chanty, and whose Irish names are
c;te;b;orii, boc<x/-, g/uxb, all three mere original Irish words, such as no
language can want. The Irish names of the seven mortal sins, u<xb<x/<,
1 y<x;nt, f)j\u)f, c;t<xop jreo.fig, jro/tro<xb, tej^e, are of the same nature,
as well as those in which are expressed the ten commandments, the four
cardinal virtues, the seven gifts of the Holy Ghost, the seven corporal

-.^£v^P^>V* ..

xlviii PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.

and seven spiritual works of mercy or piety, and the twelve fruits of the
Holy Spirit. — Galat. 5. 22. Not one of all those names having the
least resemblance in radical structure to the Scriptural Latin words of
the same signification, excepting Cfiejbetxm, which I have demonstrated
above, and in the note at the word ojpijon in the Dictionary, to be an
original Celtic word, and that upon whose root, which is c^ejb, the
Latin credo was formed. All this plainly shows that the Druids, who
were the doctors of morality and religious discipline among the Celts,
and particularly in Ireland, were a learned body of people, and fully in-
structed of all moral duties and virtues. For the Irish language could
not have words for objects or ideas that were unknown to the Irish
Druids and the rest of their nation. Of the same genuine stock of the
old Iberno-Celtic, are the names of penitential works, t^io^c<x, bej^tc,
Ufinajte, i. e.fast, alms, and prayers; though the first is of a radical
identity with the Bpriaicua. of the Greek, in the compound word e&Ao-
0jorj<r;ceta, which expresses the same thing as the Irish compound tojl-
tpOfca, voluntary fast. Caesar's remark that the Gauls went over to
Britain for perfecting themselves in the Druidish discipline, shews that
the Druids who belonged to the colonies that passed over from Gaul to
the British Isles, carried with them, and preserved in those remote re-
cesses, the original doctrine of morality, possibly the same that had been
handed down to them from the Patriarchal times. And if those Gauls
who went to Britain for that purpose, had passed over to Ireland to be
instructed by the Irish Druids, it is quite agreeable to reason to think
that they would have found the primitive traditions still better preserved
amongst them than among the Britons, who left the continent of Gaul
much later than the Guidhelian Irish. Another short, but curious re-
mark to be made on the Irish language is, that though it be not com-
mon in the other European languages, nor indeed does it seem natural,
that monosyllabic words should be expressive of complex ideas, yet the
Iberno-Celtic dialect abounds with such monosyllables. For instance,
this one syllable nxxrj conveys at once a complex of all the different
ideas of a stern and proud attitude of a person's head and face, with an
affected air of the countenance.

I am very sensible that some account of the origin and antiquity of
the use of letters in Ireland, would be very pertinent at the head of an
Irish Dictionary. But as that subject, and the inquiry that should at-
tend it, would require an extensive dissertation to set it in its due light,
I have reserved it for another work, which, as I have hinted before, might
in a short time be made ready for the Press. It is just to inform the
reader, who will doubtless take notice of several instances of repetitions
of the same words in different writings throughout this Dictionary, that
such repetitions proceed partly from the difference of pronunciation in
the four provinces of Ireland, and partly from the substitution of corn-
mutable vowels and consonants indifferently for each other. I have fol-
lowed Mr. Harris's example in his edition of Sir James Ware's works,
by inserting, in an alphabetical order in the Irish Dictionary, the names
of the old families of Ireland, and of the territories they anciently pos-
sessed, but in a more ample manner than Mr. Harris has done. The

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.

abbreviations used in the Dictionary are explained at the heel of this
Preface. I would recommend to those who would be desirous to con-
ceive at once a general notion of the nature and radical constitution of
the Irish lansiiase, to begin with reading successively the Remarks pre-
fixed in the Dictionary before even* one of the seventeen letters of the
Irish alphabet.

P. S. — The author of the following work having forgot to account in
his Preface for the plain affinity observable in many instances throughout
the Dictionary between Irish and Anglo-Saxon words of the same signi-
fication, he now thinks fit to offer as his humble opinion, that that affinity
may, for the greater part, be rationally derived from the radical agree-
ment which originally subsisted between all the dialects of the Celtic
nations, and more especially between those of the Gauls, Germans, Ita-
lians, Spaniards, and the inhabitants of the British Isles : a fact whereof
Cluverius has alleged many such proofs, as may be esteemed living evi-
dences, in his Germ. Antiq., 1. 1. c. 5, 6, 7, 8. And though it hath
been observed in the Preface that the mixture introduced into the pri-
mitive Irish language, which was the original Celtic of Gaul, from the
dialects of the Scytho-German colonies that mixed with the Guidhelians,
who were the old natives of Ireland, should be esteemed very incon-
siderable for the reasons therein alleged ; yet the author did not mean to
deny or doubt Jwft that several words of those Scytho-German dialects
might have crept into the Guidhelian language, and many more of the
Germano-Belgic dialects of those several tribes of Belgians whom the
Irish called Cl<xnna-0olj, or Cj/t-Oolj, i. e. Viri Be/gii, who were
mixed with the old inhabitants in the different provinces of Ireland,
where they even obtained sovereign sway for many centuries, especially
in Leinster and Connaught, in which latter province they maintained
their sovereignty to the end of the third century.

ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS WORK.

H. and Heb. for Hebraice ; Old Parch, for Parchment ; L. and Lat
for Latine ; PI. for Plunket, and Cl. for Clery ; Gr. for Greece ; Ant.
Membr. for Antiqua Membrana; W. and Wei. for Welch, and S. W.
for South Welch, N. W. for North Welch; dim. for diminutive; pi. for
plural ; Q. for qutsre ; i. e. for id est ; ex. for example ; Ir. for Irish ;
vid. for vide ; sup. for supra ; qd. vid. for quod vide ; Brit, for British ;
Syr. for Syriac; Hisp. for Hispanice ; Belg. for JBelgice; Gall, for
Gallice ; Dan. for Danish; Germ, for Germanic e ; S. for Saint; gen.
for genitive; Goth, for Gothice ; Teut. for Teutonice; Cantab, for
Cantabrice; Chal. for Chaldaice; N. B. for notabene; Sc. for Scotch ;
an. for anno; Sax. for Saxonice; Ang. Sax. for Anglo-Saxon; C<x;t;i.
Cfro;fib. for Ca;t/ie;m ^ Cbo;/ibealb<xjrr ; Z-. i?. and Leabh. Br. for
Le<xb<X;-i 0/ie<xc G0;c {Tobjajn, or Mac-Egan's Speckled Book; compar.
and comp. for comparative ; gen. for genitive; Brog. and Brogan. for
Broganus; col. for column; p. and pag. for page; c. and ch. for chap-
ter; v. for. verse; t. and tit. for title; vit. for vita.

REMARKS ON THE LETTER tf.

THE letter A is the first in the alphabets of almost all languages,
though our ancient historians inform us, as O'Flaherty, upon the autho-
rity of the book of Lecan, observes, that the old Irish like the ^Ethic-
pians or Abyssines began their alphabet with the letter O, and therefore
the Irish called it bet-lajf-njon from its three first letters b, I, n. How-
ever, in imitation of other learned languages, and particularly the Latin,
whose alphabet was introduced into Ireland by the first missionaries of
the Christian religion, the modern Irish thought proper to begin their
alphabet with if. This letter is one of the five vowels (called cu;£
jut<x;be in Irish) and is pronounced broad, like aw in English. It
is distinguished by the appellative of <vjlro, which seems to signify strictly
and properly the palm tree, called palma nobilis, and therefore deserves
precedency ; although Mr. Flaherty, notwithstanding the affinity of the
words <x;iro and palma, interprets it' the^r tree, Lat. abies. It is not
unlike the Hebrew K and the Chaldean and Greek a. By our Gram-
marians it is ranked among the levxran-jut^fce. or broad vowels ;
and in our old manuscripts we find <x, o and a written indifferently one
for the other, as in ^<^f, ocor*, aguf, and : as also in bean, beOft, beu/t
a tear, &c. thus among the /Eolians we find o written for a, as arporoQ for
(rrparog, an army, ovai for avw, meaning over or above, and the Latins
have imitated them, saying ilomo from the Greek gajuw, to tame, or
subdue ; as also Fovius for Fabius, according to Festus, and fort-ens
forfarreus.

<H was sometimes written for the ea of the moderns, as b<xj for
be<xj, good, &c. it begins all those diphthongs which in Irish are called
no. cejCfte bdimirtcdjU, or the four aphthon^s, viz. <xo, <xoj, u;, <xe.
Note that <xo (which is a modern aphthong, as is the triphthong AOJ, and
is substituted instead of <xe and oe used by our old writers) is pronounced
broad like e long, or the Latin oe, as in the words f^o j<xl, an age, Lat.
Sfpctilvm, and adf, age, lat. fetas. The triphthong <xo; is pronounced
like ee_ in the English words been, keen, &c. but more nearly like uj in the
Irish, for which it has been substituted by the modems. It is an inflection
of <xo and formed directly from it, as from m<xol, bald, comes nxxojt and
roaojle, bald and baldness; pxOft, baOfi, produce also faojp, baojp, &c.
so that the Irish triphthong in general is formed by adding an j to the
diphthong, and thus serves to express the genitive case and other inflec-
tions of the same word, as <xoj from <xo, eoj from eo, ;<xj from ;a, ju;
from ju, and ua; from u<x. Analagous to the genius of the Irish language
in this manner of inflecting the diphthong into triphthongs, it is obser-
vable in the Ionic inflections of nouns that they frequently use oto for ou
in the genitive case : and nothing more common in the Greek language
than a vowel extraordinary, and sometimes two, added in the beginning,
middle or end of words, that they may sound the sweeter, or that the
verse may flow the more pompous and musical. Thus, for one example
amongst many, the Phoenician tribe, who are called Gephyrcei in the
Latin edition of Herodotus, are written rtfvoaioi in his Greek origi-

Hi REMARKS ON THE LETTER <f.

nal, 1. 5. c. 57, 58. So that if we would compare both languages toge-
ther, we should find much a greater number of such inflections and vari-
ations in the Greek, than in the Irish. And they are the less puzzling
in the latter, as the three vowels are all pronounced with one breajji and
in one syllable, and as no vowel but the ; is added to the diphThong to
form the triphthong.

But this singularity seems peculiar to the Irish language, that no two
or three vowels joined to each other in the same word, can form two
different syllables. For which reason our bards or versificators who
frequently wanted to stretch out words by multiplying their syllables,
( according to the exigency of their rhymes, devised the method of throw-
^ ing in between the two vowels an adventitious consonant (generally a b
or g aspirated by b) in order to stretch and divide the two vowels into
two different syllables. And as this consonant was quite foreign to the
natural frame of the word, so it entirely corrupted and disguised its radi-
cal formation and structure. It must be confessed this method has the
sanction of a respectable antiquity, and is countenanced by examples, if
not precedents, not only in the Welch or old British language, but even
in the Greek, wherein theJBolig digamma (which is the v consonant, and
was pronounced by the Colics, as it is still by the Germans, likef) was
inserted when two vowels met together. For example, the word Jaones
was pronounced Javones or rather Jafones, and Jaon changed into Ja-
von, &c. vid. Stillingfleet Origin, p. 560. Thus also an adventitious d
is inserted between two vowels in many Latin words, both to distinguish
the syllables and prevent a hiatus, particularly in compounds whose first
part consists of the iterative particle re while the following part begins
with a vowel, as in the words redargue, redeo, redigo, redimo, redinte-
gratio, &c. but certain it is, notwithstanding these examples or prece-
dents, that this rule, together with another devised in like manner by our
bards or rhymers, I mean that which is called c<xol lecaol, xxjuj- Lecxtan
le Leacan, has been wofully destructive to the original and radical purity
of the Irish language. This latter rule (much of a more modern inven-
tion than the former, for our old manuscripts shew no regard to it)
imports and prescribes that the two vowels thus forming, or contributing
to form two different syllables by the interposition of a consonant, whe-
ther such a consonant be adventitious to, or originally inseparable from
the radical formation of the word, should both be of the same denomina-
tion or class of either broad or small vowels : and this without any regard
to the primitive elementary structure of the word. So that if the vowel
preceding the consonant should originally happen to be of the class of
broad vowels <x, 0, u, while the vowel following the same consonant
should be of the class of the small vowels e, ;, or vice versa : in that
case, the vowel preceding the consonant being of a different class from
that which follows it, must either be struck out entirely, to make room
for a vowel of the same class with the following, (for it is the vowel fol-
lowing the consonant that commands the clianuc in the preceding, with-
out being subjected to any in itself,) or else another adventitious vowel
must be placed after it of the same class with the subsequent.

I shall instance only in two words amongst many others, both to illus-

REMARKS ON THE LETTER tf. HH

trate those two rules by way of exemplification, and to shew how preju-
dicial they naturally must have been to the primitive purity of the Irish
language, by changing, corrupting, and metamorphosing a great number
of its words from their original and radical structure. I shall first ex-
emplify in the Irish word "&oM, a Gaul ; pi. "&aill, Gauls ; which are the
Celtic words upon which the Latin words Gallus, Galli, have been
formed. Nothing more evident from the most ancient monuments of the
Irish nation, than that the national name of the first Celts who came to
Ireland (whether they arrived there immediately from Gaul, or rather
after remaining for some tract of time in the greater British isle, as
Mr. Lhuyd gives good grounds to think) was "&4.11 in the singular and
Ja;U in the plural ; and that their language was called Galic or Gallic :
though it is equally certain this same national name of "&4.1.1, and 3<vjll in
the plural was afterwards applied by the old natives to other colonies
that followed these primitive Celts into that island from different parts
of the continent, and even to the English adventurers whom they called
Ctanna "&&11, as well as Sd^anajc : which must have proceeded both
from their having forgot their own origin, on account of the change of
their national name from "&&)U. mt° 3d}kjt, &c- and also from the
knowledge they traditionally preserved of the Gaulish nation, of its great
extent, as well as of its vicinity with the British isles : all which circum-
stances occasioned that the generality of the old Irish Celts and Celtibe-
rians, who probably were the first planters of Ireland, imagined that the
strangers who came amongst them from time to time, whether imme-
diately from Britain or otherwise, must have originally proceeded from
Gaul. Now, the Irish bards or rhymers wanting to stretch out this mo-
nosyllable "&&]{[ into two syllables, to serve the exigency of their verses
and rythmical measures, have first formed it into 3<Xb;ll agreeably to the
former of the two rules now mentioned, and when the second rule caol
le caotjtook place, it required that an ; or an e should be thrown in before
the consonant b, by which means it turned out jgajbjU or Jaebjtl instead
of its simple original formation 3<x;tl. So likewise the word ^aljc or
3<xjtjc meaning the Celtibemian language was changed into J<x;b;l;c
or "£aei>jl)c genit. 3<xeb;tjc.e or 3ae^3e> ^rom which last spelling
it has been changed by our modern Grammarians into "£&oi>Ajljc} genit.
3^obajlge, by the unnatural substitution of <xo instead of the <xe or oe
j of the ancients, absolutely ordering that we should pronounce their do
just as we do oe in the Latin word Gael urn.

JujbjU, another writing of the same word, meaning the Irish
people, and "^ufofyc their language, are found in some Irish manu-
scripts of good antiquity, from which the moderns, by abusively substi-
tuting <xo; instead of uj, though carrying no other sound, have turned
these words in ^ojiyjll and gootytjc, genit. "Zaofofae, which is the
gothic and uncouth shape, in which, to conform with the modern ortho-
graphy, I must let it stand, in the very frontispiece of my Dictionary.
I have just hinted that gujbjll and ju;b;t;c is not to be counted "a
modern manner of writing these words; which truth is confirmed by
"W elch manuscripts of respectable antiquity, wherein the Irish are called
Guydhill and sometimes Guydilod, and their language Guydhilec.

lV REMARKS ON THE LETTER <f.

Apropos to this writing of the Welch, I cannot but observe by-the-by
that it hence appears this old nation must have always judged the primi-
tive Irish and the Gauls to be originally one and the same people, inas-
much as we find in Mr. Lhuyd's Archseologia (comparat. etymol. p. 23.
col. 3.) that the Welch or old Britons interpreted in their language the La-
tin word Gallus or Gallicus by Guydhileg, a word which is plainly and
literally of the same formation with those whereby they distinguished the
Irish people and their language. Before I have done with the words
gajll and 3<rt;c> 3<^c» or S^JCj I tnmk it pertinent to remark, that
notwithstanding the complex and inform shape of the words g<x;b;l,
3<^eb;l, 3<xo;b;l, and g<x;bjl;c, g<xeb;l;c, 3<xo;b;t;c, into which they
have been changed, yet the originals from which they were derived
are still preserved in their primitive simplicity, by the very pronuncia- • \
tion of these latter words, which is very nearly the same as tfiatfof"the
former, inasmuch as the adventitious letter b is not pronounced, and
' serves only to distinguish the syllables : which shews that this was the
only purpose it was first thrown in for. We should not in the mean
time forget that it is to this change made in the words "Ztyll and "&aljc,
doubtless by our heathenish bards who inserted the letter b, that we owe
the important discovery necessarily reserved to their successors who em-
braced Christianity, of those illustrious personages Gadel and Gadelus;
the former an usher under that royal schoolmaster Pheniusa Farm, king
of Scythia, in his famous school on the plain of Sennaar, where this
Gadel invented the Irish alphabet and the Gadelian language, so called,
as it is pretended, from his name ; and the latter, a grandson of that king
by his son Niul, married to Scota daughter of Pharaoh Cingris, as our
bards call him instead of Cinchres, king of ^Egypt, under whose reign,
they tell us, Moses and our Gadelus were cotemporaries and great
friends : and from this Gadelus our learned bards gravely assure us that
the Irish derive their name of Gadelians, who, they tell us, were also .
called Scots from his wife the ^Egyptian princess Scota. This disco-
covery, I have said, was necessarily reserved to ouFt^hristian bards,
as their heathenish predecessors most certainly could have no no-
tion of the plain of Sennaar, of Pharaoh, or of Moses; objects not to
be known but from the Holy Scriptures, or some writings derived from
them, such as those of Josephus, Philo, &c., never known to the Irish
bards before their Christianity. I have remarked in another work not
as yet published, that our Christian bards did not lose much time in
availing themselves of the sacred history to frame this story, inasmuch as
we find it word for word in the scholiast on the life of St. Patrick by
Fiachus, bishop of Sleipte, one of that saint's earliest disciples ; which
scholiast the learned and judicious Colganus places towards the end of
the sixth century. This date is much earlier than that of the manuscript
called Leab<x/t gdbalta, or the book of conquests, wherein our story
now mentioned is embellished with further circumstances.

The other word I mean to produce as a remarkable example and
proof of the alteration of the primitive and radical frame of many words
of the Irish language, caused by the above described rules and other
innovations of our modern copyists and rhymers, as well as by the cor-

REMARKS ON THE LETTER <t . Iv

ruption proceeding from vulgar pronunciation, to which indeed all lan-
guages have been subject (even the Latin, witness the words mtdiu-ster-
tjus, pridie, postridie, &c.) the word, I say, I mean to exemplify in, is
Ol;aba;n or Oljajajn, a year, Lat. annus. The original formation or
construction of this word was bel-ajn, or beat-ajn* i. e. the circle of
belus, or of the sun. <t;n or <vjnn in Irish signifies a great circle, as its
diminutive a;nne, vulgarly pvjnne, means a small circle or a ring; vid.
<x;n, <x;nn, <x;nne, infra ; and bel or beal was the Assyrian, Chaldean,
and Phoenician name of the true God, while the patriarchal religion was
generally observed ; and very properly, as it signifies Dominus or Domi-
nator in Latin. This name was afterwards attributed to the sun, when
these oriental nations generally forgot, or willingly swerved from the
worship of the true God, and adored that planet as their chief deity.
See Gutlerus Origenes Mundi, lit. 1. cap. 9. Schedius de Diis Germ,
cap. 7. Tirinns in cap. 2. Osee, v. 16. It is very certain that the pri-
mitive Irish observed this idolatrous worship of the sun under the name
of bel or beat, whatever part of the world they derived it from, as ap-
pears very manifestly by those religious fires they called beal-te;nne,
which, according to all our old monuments and histories, they lighted
with great solemnity on May day : a fact which is evidently proved by
the very name whereby they distinguished that day, which is still called
and known by no other name than that of la beal-tejnne, i. e. the day
of the fire of bel or belus ; this solemnity they celebrated in honour of
the Sun under the name of beat on this first day of their summer, when
the benign influence of that planet begins to restore new life to both the
animal and vegetable world in most parts of our hemisphere.

Now this word bet-a;n being changed by the vulgar pronunciation
into ble-a;n and bl;-ajn, in which position it required the insertion of an
aspirated b or j, consequently turned out bljbajn or bl; ja;n, according
to the former of the two rules above explained, and then the latter rule
of leacan le leatan, to vindicate its right to share in the new crea-
tion of this word, threw in the vowel a, before the adventitious conso-
nant to agree with the subsequent <x, so that the original word having
thus received two adventitious letters besides the aspirate b, is thereby
metamorphosed from its original form bet-a;n into bl;aba;n or bl;<x-
ja;n, for it admits of both these writings. In my general preface
to this Dictionary I shall mention a good number of other words
whose true radical originals are scarce, if at all, discernible through the >-
hideous shape they have been transformed into, both by vulgar pronun- ~"
ciation authorized by ignorant copyists who had not skill enough to rec-
tify them, and by the insertion of so many vowels and consonants which
were quite adventitious and foreign to the natural and radical frame of
the words. I shall finish these remarks with observing, that the word
<x;n or a;nn (which is the latter part of the compound word bel-a;o, sig-
nifying the great circle of belus, i. e. the solar circle or annual course

* Vid. the valuable Irish manuscript called Feilire no Naomh, i. e. the vigils and feasts of
saints, judged to be a work of the eighth century, whereof I have a copy, which, by the ap-
pearance of tha writing and parchment, cannot be less ancient than the tenth century

Ivi REMARKS ON THE LETTER tf.

of the sun) is the Celtic original upon which the Latin word anus was
formed, it was afterwards written annus, for Quintilian informs us that
the ancients did not double their consonants. Varro assures that the
proper and original signification of this word anus or annus is a circ or
great circle, whose diminutive anulus or annulus signifies a small circle
or ring, his words are, nam ut parvi circuli, ammli, sic magni diceban-
tur anni. But the word annus is now exalted to mean solely and pro-
perly the solar circle or annual course of the sun, whilst anus its more
ancient writing, is degraded to signify no more than the circular form of
X the podex : vid. Littleton ad voces anus, annus, annulus. Other ex-
amples, To observe it by-the-by, of words of an honourable meaning at
first, being afterwards degraded to a dishonourable signification and vice
versa, will be found in the following Dictionary at the word Cnjoct.

OR, AN

IRISH-ENGLISH DICTIONARY,

if.

if, his, her ; ex. <x ce<xnn,his head;
<x ceann, her liead.

if, their ; ex. <x cceann, their chief,
or, their head; <x ccl<xnn, their
children.

if, before inanimate things in the
singular number signifies its ; ex.
<x Bun, its bottom ; <x tOfac, its
beginning.

<T is a sign of the present and pre-
ter tenses ; ex. <x be;;t me, I say;
<x bubvvjfit ye, he said.

if is sometimes a sign of the future
tense ; ex. <xn &;t &f <x tt;ocpxb
pj, the place from which he
shall come.

if is a sign of the vocative case, and
signifies the same as tu or o in
Latin ; ex. <j. (Db;a, O God ; <x
&0a)ne, you man, or O man.

if is sometimes an interrogative, as,
<x bjrujl fe <xnn, is he there ?

if is also a sign of an affirmative ;
ex. <x ^e<nb, yes, yea.

if is sometimes a preposition equal
to in; ex. <x ttujf, in the be-
ginning; <x tte<xc, in a house.
N. B. — " In old parchments it is
always written ; ttu;^-, ; tre<xc,
&c. before words beginning with
a consonant ; butbefore those that
begin with vowels, it was rather
jn that was prefixed instead of the

if.

modern <xn or <x ; ex. ;n ojt, in
a place ; jn eaglu;^, in the
church ; ;n eajco;^, in the
wrong. But in the modern way,
when the Irish word begins with
a vowel, or with the letter £, the
n in the preposition 70 or oin is
transposed and prefixed to the
word, and the vowel left by it-
self alone ; ex. <x na;t, in a
place ; <x ned^tu;^, in a church ;
<x njeatl, in pledge. This /?£ is
pronounced nearly as the gti in
the French word Seigneur, or
the double nn or Ti in the Spanish
Sennor"

if is prefixed to adverbs and nouns
of time ; ex. <x nallob, formerly,
or anciently, (vid. <xllob) ; a n;u£,
to-day; <x ma;/te<xc, to-morrow.
"Remark the affinity between
;u j in the word <x n;uj and Jiuy
in the French word cnyourcThvy,
and between ma;/te<xc and the
Saxon word morrow"

if sometimes signifies out of or from,
like the Latin e, ex ; ex. d. ba;le,
out of town ; Lat. e villa, <x bej-
/tjnn, out of Ireland.

if is sometimes equivalent to the
Latin prepositions in and cor am ;

ex. <x tcvctxjn and o. bjr;a£

before, or in presence of.
B

•tf in old writings signifies an ascent,
a hill, or promontory, as also, a
car or drag.

<T signifies also good luck or good
adventure ; vid. ub ; hence the
compound word bon-a, bad luck
or bad accident. N. B. — From
the above examples it appears
that the single letter <x in Irish,
has almost as great a latitude of
signification as the Greek OTTO,
which signifies in, from, out of,
&c. ; Lat. a, ab, e, ex. &c. ;
Goth. of.

<tt>, an abbot, or rather a father.
" N. B.— This word is of the
same radical structure and signi-
fication as the Hebrew i12N> and
the Chaldaic N3DK, as also the
Greek and Latin abbas."

-ctb, sometimes signifies a temporal
lord.

<fb, ex. nci/i <xb beo e, let him not
live.

•Cfba, a cause, a matter, or busi-
ness.

<tbdc, the entrails of a beast.

•d b<x;b, a bud ; also ripe.

ifbajl, and <xbajlr, death; also,
dead, or expired.

tCbajfi, say you, speak you; the
imperative mood second person
of the verb <xb<x/i<x;no, or <xb/ia;m,
to speak.

•cTba^t, speech, an articulate form
of expression.

•Cf btvj/it, education, politeness, good
manners.

<Tb<vj^e, a custom, or manner.

ttb<xc, a dwarf; <xb<xc, a proclama-
tion.

<lb<xc, a terrier, a little cur dog to
unkennel foxes. It seems derived
from the word <xb, the sound of
dogs in barking by an onomato-
poeia, hinc <ib<x^t:/<ac, the bark-
ing of a dog.

<fb<xb, a camp, or encampment ;
commonly called lonjpo/it.
2

rfbal, an apple-tree, also an apple ;
vid. ub<xl, Wei. aval.

<fb<xn, a river ; rectius <xm<xn ; Lat.
amnis.

•cTbantu/i, good luck upon any un-
dertaking.

•Cfba^tfuxc, the barking of a dog.

•Ctbcojbe, an advocate ; potius <xb-
baco;be.

iTblxxn, a wafer; <xblan co;^;ie;cte,
the host or Eucharist.

<l'be;l,vid.<xbb<xt, terrible, dreadful.

<tbl<xn, a portion of meat, fish, or
butter, which a person may eat
with his bread, vulgarly called
kitchen.

•cTblaba/i, no <xbl<xb/i<xc, mute, or
dumb.

<Tbir)a<::<xj;t, a mother-abbess.

<Tb/i<x, an eye-lid, plur. <vb/i<x;b,
vulgo i:<xbfia;b. Corn, abrans.
^<x and ab/i<x, a speech, a say-
ing, a poem ; hence the diminu-
tive <xb/u\n.

, a song, or sonnet, &c.

<fbft<V|in, to say, or speak.

N. B. — Many 'of the Irish verbs are
irregularly declined or conju-
gated; ex. <xbfux;m, I say; <i
be;/it:u, you say; <i bejji ^e, he
says ; be;/-tm;b, we say : be;/i
pb, ye say ; be;;t p<xb, they say.
Thus the verb <xb;t<x;m, which
may be called defective, borrows
most of its persons, not only in
the present tense, but also in the
entire perfect, from the verb
be;/i;m; ex. <xbub<x;/tt: me, I said ;
<xbub<v;/tt tat you said. This
verb be;/v;m has a plain affinity
with the dicere of the Latin, and
the dire of the French.

<Tb/i<vn, and <Tb;t<xon, the month
of April.

•cfb;-i<xnn, evil, naughty; also bad
news.

, forgiveness, absolution.
, and <xfy-c<xl, an apostle;
plur. ecybajl and

tf C

t£b;-talb<x, apostolic.

<f bftoUbact, apostleship.

tf&ujb, ripe; also ready, expert,
alert, thrift}". Sometimes written
<vpujb, ripe, not unlike aprici/.t,
a. urn, which is to the same sense.

<fbult<i, able, strong, capable : Lat.
kabiKs.

-, a wild beast of any kind;
teac no. nabtty", a house in which
wild beasts are kept ; hence aba-

•etc, a refusing, a denial.

tfca, with them ; n; bjon <xc<x, they

have not ; <x;ce, with her ; <x;je,

with him.

<Tc<xjbe<xb, an inhabitant, a tenant.
ttcana,an acre of ground; vid. <xc^i<x.
ilcd/tno.? the loan of any thing;

also, conveniency. or use.
ttevbtdc, useful, necessary; also,

obliging.
ttcafttd., profit.
tfccujl, backwards ; vid. cut.
<Tc, but ; vid. <ictr.
tfca, a mound or bank. Canta-

brice, <xc<x, a rock.
tf cab, a field.
<fc<xm<vjft, soon, timely ; also,

abridged; ex. b<xc<Mn<vjrt; brcvi

tempore, soon, or speedily.
<f carrxvjjteact:, abridging, abrevia-

tion.
tlcun, and <xceci/t, sharp, tart,

sour ; Lat. acer, acerb us ; Gall.

acre and aigre.
Ctcbttd, an expedition by sea or

land ; ex. 710 jm; j <\/t <xcb/t<J., he

went on an expedition.
•dcb;to.n, an ad venturer, a foreigner.
tfcbttanac, the same, and more

properly.
ttcpujn, ability, capacity— Mat. 25.

15.

n, a reproof, a reproach.
l, an angel.

ct:, the same as <vc and <\cb, b.it,

except, save, only ; Liit. at ; ex.

0.6 <Xma;n, save only : <\ct ce-
3

<xnn<x, however.

tfcr, a statute, decree, or ordi-
nance ; hence Lat. actor signifies
a pleader at law.

<3i ctr, a condition, act, or deed ; ex.
<X;t nd. Jxxctojb fjn, upon them
conditions ; Lat. ac fa.

dct, a body.

iCct, danger, hazard, or peril.

ifctrajm, to ordain, or order, to
pass an act in parliament.

<Tcl(X;b, to chase, pursue.

<tcl<xb, and <xclajb, the art of fish-
ing, also a fishery.

<Tcl<x;be, smooth, soft, also ]X)lite,
civil, generous, like the Greek

, splendidus.
, a circuit, or compass.

and cicmapje^c, puis-
sant, plentiful, copious, rich.

tXcomal, to heap together, to in-
crease ; Lat. accunndo, are ; ex.
/to <xcoiTK\;l fe n<x cntxmo. bd
beojn, he heaped up the bones.
Old Parchment.

tfcomal, an assembly, or heaping
together ; ex. acomol beo^a jro
mo beanc. — Old. Par. ; Lat. ac-
cumidatio.

and <vcoba;fi, avarice, co-
vetousness, penury.

an acre of groimd; Lat.
acra. This Irish word has a
close affinity with the Hebrew
*DX, a husbandmen, agricola,
and from this "JDK. or the Irish
<\cj\<\, comes the Latin acra and
a per. — Vid. Bm'torf. and Opi-
th/s Lexicons.

, vulgo, aguf, Lat. ac. Go-
thice gah.

<tb is sometimes the sign of a par-
ticiple, governing a second per-
son ; ex. <vb Buala, striking you ;
Lat. te ftriens, <vb m<i;tB<xb,
killing you, Lat. te W/--A'//*.

lib is jireposed in the old Irish to
all verbs in the perfect ter
the indicative and the present of

the potential, indifferently, or in
the same sense, as bo in the mo-
dern way of writing ; ex. <xb rcfi;o-
b<x^", I wrote, for bo fcpjtibaf, <xb
^c/i;ob<x;nn, for bo ^qi;ob<vjrm,
I would write, Lat. scriberem.

•Ctb is a sign of the present tense
sometimes, but often of the per-
fect tense ; ex, <xb be;^;m, I give ;
<xb clu;n;n), I hear.

•cTb signifies <x or <xr> ; but always
applied to the second person ;
ex. Ojojb tu <xb Sfoeanfuvb agu^
<xb jiro/ijrocat, thou shalt be a
proverb and a by-word.

•Cfbaj, a shock of corn, a sheaf or
bundle of corn, or several small
sheaves set together, to make
one great shock or heap.

•cfbanKXntr, a diamond, the hardest
and most glittering of all pre-
cious stones called by the Lapi-
daries a diamond, Lat. adamas.

ifbam and <tb<xro, Adam, the first
man.

<Tb<vj/i, an adder.

•cTbbat:, to die ; ex. /to <xbbat, he
died.

•cfbbat, slaughter, destruction.

tfbjrja, it belongs to you, it is
your property ; this is an imper-
sonal verb like the Lat. decet.

•Ctb, a law ; also fit to do any thing.

ifb, felicity, success, good luck ;
ex. <x^ trea/ifi <vb no. ealujbe,
good luck is better than skill or
art.

{fb is an intensitive or augmenta-
tion of the sense, or signification
of a word.

<fb<xbaj/t, to sport or play.

or

complexion, Gr. EtSoc-
<fb<vjlj, desire.
cTba^l^ne, the military law, or law

of arms.

<tb<\/tcac and <Tba/tc<xmu;l, horny,
luiving liorns.
t, a flesh-hook.
4

{("Mil, dull, deaf, having the ears
stopt up ; (rectius ob<ul, from o,
an ear, and bo.ll, dull or deaf,
vid. o ;) hence the word <xb<xtl-
tan, a stupid, dull fellow.
, sin, corruption.

an adulterer,
the same,
adultery.

ft e, let him be
blessed or beloved, not unlike the
Lat. word adametur, but that
this Irish word is an impersonal,
ban, a pan, or large chaldron.

<fb<xnn, the herb colt's foot.

•cTb<xn<xb and <fban<xm, to kindle,
to warm ; ex. bo babncxb <xn
tejne, the fire was kindled; also
to stir up, like the Lat. adunare.

•CTb<xnt;<x, kindled, warm, also exas-
perated; <x ta <xn te;ne <xbanca,
the fire is kindled.

<Tbna, the kindling of the fire, the
warmth or fervour of an action.

•cfb<x/i<x;m, to adore.

•cTb/KX, adoration,
idolatry.

<rb<x/t<xb, to join, to stick close to,
Lat. adherers.

<( baftc, a horn ; ex. <vb<X;ic bo, &c.

<Tba/-ic<xc, horned, horny.

•cTba/icjn, a little horn.

<Tba;it, and -cTba/ican, a^bolster,
a pillow, hence claon ab<x;/ic, a
pain in the neck, and by a me-
taphor, ceannOLbajftt; JO.CA po-
bu;ll, the chieftains and re-
presentatives of every people ;
ceann <xb<V7/it properly means
a bolster.

<Tb<x/ic<x/t, a dream.

•cTba^, good. <

iTbba and iCbbaban, instruments ;
ex. <xbba ceojl, instruments of
music.

-Ctbba and <Tbbdb, a house room,
or habitation, also a garrison, a
fortress ; it is very common to sig-
nify a prince or great man's pa-

b

<f 6

lace in old poems.

a harmless or inoffensive

jibing or joking.

<lbbact<xc, jocose, merry, jesting.

<fbbact<xc, gross or fat; in good
plight.

<rbb<x;/ye\j.c, a carder of wool or
flax ; mn<x <xbb<x;»if; je, women
hired for carding.

<tbb<xl, quick, nimble, thrifty.

•cfbbo.1, prodigious, .great, strange ;
ex. <xbbal mo/i, exceeding great.

N. B. This word has generally the
same signification with <xbejl,
which in the ancient celtic did
signify air, that element being
still called arel, in the British
language, (uid. Lin/id's comp.
ri'C. in verbo aer,} hence bj<x<xb-
e;l contracted into b;a-b<xt, sig-
nifies devil or spirit of the air,
from which the Greek and La-
tin diabolos and diabolus, quasi
dtemon aerhf-s ; in Irish be<xro-
<xn <xe/t.

<rb<xntr/rjfie<xc, a sort of music con-
taining three notes called by the
Irish

<(bb<Xrt, a cause or motive ; ex. <x?i
<xn <j.bb<x;i yjn, therefore, for that
cause.

if bb <x/i, a subject or matter to be
shaped in another form ; hence
metaphorically, <xbbci/i f <xo;^, an
apprentice to a carpenter or a
mason ; <xbb<Xft ceanbaj je an
apprentice, or the matter of a
tradesman.

<fbb<i/i<xc, or <f gb<x/i<xc, lucky, for-
tunate.

<f bb<ifi<x^, carded wool for clothiers,
hence <xbb<x;fi^-e<xc, quod vide.

, a proclamation, also a cry
for war ; even- prince and tribe
had one peculiar to them.
bbct<ty~, joy, pleasure ; also osten-
tation.

.c, pleasant, ambitious,
5

vain glorious.

tfbbub, joy, pleasantry, merriment.

<tbboco;be and <tbbocojbecic, an
intercessor, an advocate.

<fbbocojbeci.ct:, a pleading.

<Tbtrt<vjt;, a constitutional or right-
ful sovereign installed according
to law, from <xb a law, and jrtajt:
a sovereign.

<tb/:u<J.t:m<x/i, detestable, odious,
abominable ; <xb in this word be-
ing an augmentative of the sense
and force of the word, vid. <xbu<xc.

tfbjajfi, lawful, just

•ctbl<xc<xb, to bury, to inter, rid.
<xbn<xc<xt, it is formed from te<xc,
a stone laid over the grave.

<lblac<xn, a burial or interment.

•cCblajCte, buried, interred.

<tbl<X)C, the desire.

tfbl<xnn, a youth or lad, one able
to bear arms, from <xb, fit, and
l<xnn, a sword or lance.

tfbtaocba, fit to take up anns or
enter the military degree,

<Cbma, knowing, skilful.

<Tbmab, timber.

xXbm<x;l, an acknowledgment or
confession.

<Tb?r)<x;m and xfbmuj j;m, to confess;
ex. <xbm<vjm mo pe<xc<j.b, I confess
my guilt.

<Tbma.to.b, to confess.

ifbm all, wanton, desultory, nimble.

cCbmolab, to extol, to praise to
one's face, from <x;b, a face, and
motdb, a praise.

<fbn<xc<xl, a submitting to the law
of nature, a burial, interment,
from <xb<x, law, n<xe or no.;, man,
and cal, obsen-ing or submitting
to.

<tbn<x;/i, and Ctbnaj/ie, villany,
shamefacedness, confusion.

cTbncijfi;^ean, it shames, pudet.

<Tbnao;, old, ancient.

tlb/t<xb, and tTb/tcijm, to worship,
to adore, Lat. adoro ; ex. jobat-
<xb/t<xb, to worship idols, or ido-

latry, also to adhere or join ; <xj
<xb/t<xb bon ^; j, adhering firmly
to the king and his cause, Lat.
adhereo.

•Cf b/ta and <Tb/i<x^, worship, adora-
tion.

<fb/t<xe, to refuse, deny, reject.

tfbub, a circle fire ; vid. Martin's
west islands, p. 1 16.

•cTbub, vid. jrabub, to kindle fire.

•cTbuac, horror, detestation i

tfbuatma/t, horrible, terrible,
dreadful.

•tfbu<xtm<x;/ieact;, abomination.

•cTe, no -dob, the liver.

tTe, <xon, one, bo jac <xon, to each,
to every one.

<Te^i, the sky, or air, Greek and
Latin, aer.

•cTe<x/tb<x, airy.

itea/ibajte, sky-coloured.

ileb, the eye.

tTe^e, the liver ; more commonly
<U)ba and baoba.

•cTpyr, gold; (vid. Lhuyd's Comp.
voc. inv. aurem.)

•Cfjr/Kx; j;b, to rise.

ifprjonn, the mass, or eucharistic
offering.

<f 5, a sign of the participle of the
present tense; ex. <xg jicvb, say-
ing, <xg ealob, stealing into a place
privily.

•cfg, at or by ; ex. <xg <xn bo/ia^, at
the door, Lat. ad, as «6^ ostium,
<X£ <xn txmajn, by the river, ad
veljuxta amnem.

itj, with ; ex. <xg <xn ajjwejf, with
the cattle.

<Tg, signifies, in the possession or
power of a person ; ex. /to <xta
<xn bjtxjl <X£ G0u/tc<x, the axe is
in Morrogh's possession.

<fg<x, whose, whereof; ex. <XT<X
nbe;n ^e ;on<xb, whose place he
supplies.

ttga, or <x^ab, leisure, time, or op-
portunity; ex. njbjrujl a^<xb a^ivm
<x;/t, I have not time nor leisure
G

to do it.

Tga, or <C;?;o.b, an addition, hence
its diminutive, <xgaj^jn.
Tg<xb, unto thee, with thee ;
unto you ; ex.
stand by thyself.
, a speech.

and xt^5<xU(Xm, a dialogue ;
unde AjaUam o;^;n <xju/" p&t-
tr/iu;j, also persuasion ; jreo^t
<X5<xlm<x,an interpreter, a speaker,
a, to speak, or tell to a per-
son ; this word is of the same
root and origin with the Greek
ayytXXw) Lat. nuncio, are, in
wnich word the ancient Greeks
always pronounced the two gam-
mas or double y, the former be-
ing changed into v by modern
grammarians, as avytX Aw instead
of ayytXXu) ; in the Celtic agal-
la, to speak or tell to ; hence the
Greek Ev-ay-ytXiov, i. e. good
telling or good tidings, anglice,
Gospel, i. e. God's spell or good
spell, which is the same as God's
tell or good tell, the words God
and good being of the same ori-
ginal sense for reasons obvious
to every one.

if j, an ox, bull, or cow ; & j <xttra;b,
a buffalo.

N. B. — <T j or <xb are always pro-
nounced like i in English, or
like the word eye in the begin-
ning of words, except when the
syllable is marked with a long
stroke, or ^Jne jcaba, in which
case it is pronounced like aw in
English.

it j, a battle, a conflict ; also feat of
arms, Greek cry on', wrtamc.n, pi.
&i<x ; ex. Conn <\n a j<x, the war-
like Conn.

<t j, fortune, luck, happiness, pros-
perity, vid. <xb.

<T^, fear, astonishment, aue.

xlja, or ttia;m, to be afraid or
astonished, like the Greek

)

d&niror, stupeo, hence awe in
English.

<T jac, warlike, brave.

iT j<i;b, be mem', j. b; ^ubac.

tt j<x;b or <t^a; j, the face or com-
plexion, also the front ; ex. <\ j-
v\/b <xn c<xtd, the front of the
army, hence <xj<vjb signifies a-
gainst ; ex. <\m <xjcijb, against
me ; bo cua;b ;~e <x;;-t <v j<x;b, he
prospered, but more properly
written <iba;b, like the Greek

u.m, with me, or in my posses-
sion.

and -cTgfyta, to revenge.
t, revenge.

tttc, vindictive, revengeful.
, or <xxu^-, and ; in old parch-
ments it is written aaif ; Latin
ac.

<f jcint, a bolster ; rectius <xb<x;ntr.
<T j<x/tt<x, deaf, also little, diminu-

tive.

<T jd/tro^, a halter to lead a horse
or other beast by, like the Greek
ayofiai, duco, to lead ; in its
inflexions of the present dual,

<f jba, of, or belonging to a fight or
battle.

<tjm<x;t, <f j»T)a;t<xc, fortunate or
lucky, happy, prosperous ; an-
ciently written am/td.

<T jn<x^", a pleading for, argumenta-
tion.

<t jn<x;be, an advocate or pleader.

<fg;t<xb, to expostulate, also to
challenge, to lay to a person's
charge ; ex. nfyt <*;£;«*•*> bfo <*fl
cujft yjri o/tt, that God may not
avenge or punish you for this
crime ; n<x/t ^r1^/1 o^tra e, let
it not be laid to their charge.

iTjna, wisdom, discretion, pru-
dence, Greek ayvtia, castitas,
and cxjno^-a^na, castus, pur us,
chastif\- being the truest sign of a

wse man.

, generous, noble.
i;, . e. c<X)njen, a cause or con-

troversy.
<f •), a swan.
<t;, or <xoj, an herd, also a sheep,

a cow.
it; or ifo;, a region, country, or

territory ; plur. <xo;b ; ex. <xo;b

IjAtdjn, the country about Cas-

tle Lyons ; <xob maccojlle, tlie

country of Imokilly, &c.

N. B. — In Hebrew >K signifies a

region or country ; vid. Opitius'

Lexicon.
if;, i., e. e;^^e, or eolc<x, the

leareed.
or if ojb, a similitude.

, the sea ; Lat. abyssm, and •

Greek afivaaoq, also great boast-

ing, vain glory.

;be^e<i6 and <t;bVe<xc, wonder-

ful, terrible, also enormous,

strange, arrogant, surprising.

or <Tjbcjtj^t, rectius, <x7o-

c;t;;t, the alphabet ; abeceda-

rium.
<T;b;b, ripe, grouTi to perfection,

is like Hebrew ION culmus,

arista ; straw, stubble ; also an

ear of com which is never <ib;b,

ripe, till it has the 3 OX or cul-

mus upon it.
tCjb;b;l, the alphabet.
<T;cbe, a veil.
<T;ce, with her, by her ; ex, bo b;

<n;ce, she had.

-cTc<x, with them ; <i;je, with him.
tTjce, led, as c<xpull <x;ce, a led

horse.
•Ctjce, Ct;ceac, and •cT^cJbia.ct, a

leading; from the verb <x;c;m,

to lead ; Lat. ago.
djce, a tribe, also nourishment,

also a desire.
tfjce, near, close to, hard by, as

<xm <i;ce, near me.
tf;cjreo.ct, power.
<f;cea/t, angry, cruel, severe, disa-

greeable to all the senses ; Lat.

J

ocer and acris.
if;c;b, a disorder, sickness.
if ;c;beac, a sick disordered or in-

firm person ; Greek cuSvog, in-

firmus, eegrotus.
if;c;be, accident, as <x;c;be <xn

<\fta;n <x^uy- <xn p;on<x, the ac-

cidents of bread and wine.
if;c;lt;be, dextrous, handy; and

<x;c;lt;be<xcfc, dexterity, from the

root ; <x;c;l, able, w/z^/e Achilles,
if(c;ro and <x;tc;ro, to pray, be-

seech, entreat, or beg.
ifjcme, a sort or kind, a sect of

people; Greek a/cjurj, is the

bloom of age.
if ;be6m<x;b, they shall confess ; vid.

<xbm<vjm.

if;bbe<xn, long, also bad or evil.
if;bBe;l, a wonder, a boasting.
if;bBe;leo.ct, the same ; Greek

a/SeArepoe, stolidus.
if;bB^e, an old sort of Irish song,

or c/tonan ; Greek aaSw, cano,

canto.

if;bcte<xb, mischief, violence.
if;be<xc, or <xo;be<xc, a milch cow.
if;bj:;be<xc, demonstration.
if;b;be, or <x;b;b;on, humble, res-

pectful, Gr. mSoioc, venerandus.
if ;bme, raiment, apparel, also goods

and chattels.
if ;bme, a military dress.
•cTjbnoe, coarse or rough land, Greek

cujuoc, dumus, vel locus arbori-

bus consitus.
<t)bne, age.
iT;bm;tle, to consume, confound,

destroy, pervert ; ex. Bu/t na;b-

mjtle, your confusion. —Is. xxx. 3.
•djbmejlte, consumed.

^, or -ct;jn;o^, arguing,

pleading, reasoning ; vid. <x j-

bn<x;^e and -cT;bne, advocate,
pleader.

, of or belonging to the air,
beamon <vje;/i, rectius
mon aerius.

, blame, fault.
•Cl;jr;vjon, the unbloody sacrifice of

the mass.

to act or carry on ; aonacfr

t<x;ltjonn bo <x;ge ; vid. Croni-

cum Scotorum.

;^e;n, antiq. oce;n,the ocean, the Y

deep ; hence bubu.;5e;n r>a j:<\;t- '

je, the bottomless depth of the

sea ; vulgo, bujgejn.

jjeo/Kxme, I will visit, or punish.

; je, a beam, a prop or supporter.

; je, stout, valiant.
il; je, a hill.
<t; je<xn, a kettle, a brass pot; vid.

, intentions.
, the intention, mind, or

inclination.

, a judge, Greek mptu,

signifies to make choice of judges

being the elect or chosen men

among the people.
•Cf/jneac, or 0;neac, liberality,

generosity.
•cT/jte, faces, the pi. of <x j<x;b, Bu^

na; jte, your faces.
xf;le or C;le, another, Lat. allus. \
tT;t, a stone ; <x;l <xoBt<x, a pebble,

hence <x;le<xc, a stone horse,

Heb. y^D is a rock or stone.
•cT;l, shamefaced, also noble, beau-

tiful ; Cantabrice, <xb<xl, shame.
it; I, a sting or prickle.
it;l, will, pleasure; ex. noa a;l

leat, if you will ; munab <x;l

le<xt, if you will not, Lat. vo-

luntas.
iT;lb;n c<xe/iac, a small parcel of

sheep.
ifjle, the same as u;le ; ex. <x;le

corrxxctttc, Almighty ; Gothic

allai.

, a bridle bit.

, a noble offspring, from

<x;l noble, and jean kind, i. e.

, a desire, longing appe-

tite.

tf J

, an alms ; jujb
h eprayed for alms.

<T;l;m, to pray, entreat, or beseech;
in the Arabic and Hebrew lan-
guages n^K signifies to adore,
to worship, whence the epithet
m/N is given to God ; vid.
Deut. xxxir. 15.

'tf;l;m, to nurse, foster, nourish;
Lat. alo.

•Cljljomvtjnt:, nourishment.

<f;ll;m, I go, or come ; Gal. aller.

<T;lt, go thou or come; ex. <x;ll
jlle, pOfitajg, vein hue, et suc-
currp. — Vid. Vitam S. P. apud
Colgannm.

N. B. — This last example shows
how different the Irish orthogra-
phy in ancient times has been
from that of the present age.

•Cf;ll, course, place, stead, turn ;
Lat. rids.

<T;U, or pv/ll, a great steep or pre-
cipice, a rock, or cliff; Lat. red-
linn, (like falla ;) multac n<x
7)<x;Ue, the top of the rock ; all
B/tudc<xc, having steep or rocky
brinks or borders; hence per-
haps the national name of Allo-
brogii, a people who inhabited
the rocky country near the Alps.

<f jllbjt, a bridle-bit.

<f;llb/iu<ic<xc, having steep or rocky
brinks.

prase.

•Ctjlle, most beautiful.

•cTjllean, a causeway.

•Ct;ltear>, a pet, or darling.

•cfjlljAt:, roaring or lowing, as <x;l-
t;<xt leo;n, tlie roaring of a lion.

<t;ll;^, a canker, an eating or
spreading sore ; hence b;t<xon
<x;lty-e, a drop observed to fall
upon the tombs of certain tyrants,
so called from its cankerous cor-
roding what it falls upon.

<TjUjn, or <x;l;n, another, a second;
Lat. alias.

, of or belonging to a canker;
9

vid. <x

delay, neglect, heedless-
ness.

•Cf;lm, the name of the letter <x in
Irish, so called according^ to
O'Flaherty, from <xjlm, which
signifies a fir-tree; it is not un-
like the Heb. «, and the Chald.
and Gr. a.

{fjlm, a fir-tree, but more properly
the palm-tree ; hence boit)n<xc
no. bo;lme, i. e. Palm Sunday.

<fjlp, any gross or huge lump, or
chaos. Query, if this Celtic word
be not the origine and radix of
Alps, the mountains so called,
rather than from their beins: high,
ab altitudine, or from their being
white with snow, quasi albi mon-
ies.

•cfjlt:, stately, grand, noble; Lat.
altus.

•cTjlt, joints, the pi. of dlr.

•cfjlt:, a house ; also any high place,
p};fce Co;n an <x;lc/ sexsio al/fts
in alio.—\\di. Brogan in Vita
S. Brid.

<Tjlcjfte, an architect, a carpenter.

•cTjmbeojn, unwilling, against con-
sent, bambeojn <x tb;trc;l, ;b;^t
jraonmb <xju^* <x;mbeo;n ; Lat.
volens, nolens.

^Tjmea^an, an abyss ; vid. ogjejn.

tX;mecvnn, pleasant, agreeable.

•cTjm;b, a fool or madman, or
woman, its diminutive amaban ;
Lat. amens, amentis.

<f jmleaf% hurt, detriment.

, slothful, indolent.

drowsiness, sluggish-
ness.

, force, violence.
<T;mKe;b, disquieted, disturbed,

disordered.
<Tjm^te;be, strife.

ttjmne;be, the defiles or straits of
a place; blut-ajirmejb n<x cojlle,
the fastnesses of the wood.
cT;m;t;<x/i, mismanagement.
c

disguise.
•CT|iD/v;b, barren, steril.
<l;jmf;u gab, temptation ; also to
tempt; ex. j\p ba;t /te mac be e
ajnty";uj o b;abal, the Son of
God was pleased to be tempted
by the devil in the wilderness;
vid. leaba/t b/teac.

, season ; Wei. aim ser.
, honourable, praiseworthy, re-
spectful.

•Cfjne, delight, joy, pleasure; Gr.
laus.

and a;n;oj~, joy; Greek
aivog, laus ; but the Irish word
<x;n, which signifies honourable,
respectful, praiseworthy, is more
agreeable to the Greek CUVTJ and
mvoe, and is in all probability
the radical word.

, agility, expedition, swiftness ;
also music, harmony, melody;
also experience.
•Cf ;nbcealac, rough, rugged.
<t;nbeac, manifold, copious.
•cTjnbeac, rain.

ignorance, rudeness.
c, ignorant, from a;n-
gnorance, which comes
from an, the negative quod vide
and fjOf or fea^, knowledge.
<T;nbj:e;le, impudence; also stin-

giness.

iTjnbjrejteac, rude, ignorant.
<T;nbjc;ne, a foreign tribe, or strange
people ; ex. a cc/i;oc a;nbjr;ne,
in a foreign country.
<T;nb; j, rainy weather ; laete a;n-
bj j, <x;nb; j uatiD<x/t<x, a terrible
squall of wind.
•Ctjnbte, naughtiness, badness.
<t.;nb]:o;t, brave, valiant, intrepid.
<t;nce<x^b, and <x;nce<x;tb<xc, a
buffoon ; also an ingenious, fal-
lacious fellow, an impostor, or a
sycophant.

, a doubt.

a champion, or
warrior,

10

great

, a toy or trifle,
and <X}nc;<xlt<xc, peevish-
ness, frowardness.

•cfpc;<xlt:a, peevish, froward, testy.

<l jnclju, a peevish person.

nbe;^e, affliction, calamity ; Ian
ba;nbe;^-e, loaded with afflic-
tion; o bu/t nu;te a;nbe;^e, out
of all your calamities, com-
pounded of the negative an and
beaj", dextrous, convenient; an-
beojn, against one's will.

a young woman, or vir-
gin fit for marriage ; compounded
of the intensitive an, fit for, and
jrea/1, a husband ; it should be
more properly ajnppu
nb;a^ia; j, angry. ^

•cT;nb;u;b, obduracy in sin, final
impenitence ; ab a;n and b;u;b,
tender-hearted.

•cTjnbl; je, trespass ; m'anbtjgte,
my trespasses or transgressions ;
also usurpation, or an infringe-
ment of the old constitution.

•Cfjnbljjteac and a;nbl;jeac, a
lawless person, an usurper; 50
ba;nbl;jeac, wrongfully, per-
versely.

<T;neac, horsemanship.

•djneam and a;n;m, a blemish, stain,
or blot.

•cTjneamac, blemished, maimed.

•Cf;nea/it and a;mnea/tt;, violence,
oppression.

•cTjneolu^, ignorance, from the ne-
gative an, and eota^, knowledge.

•cfjneolac and a;meol^ac, illite-
rate, not cultivated with learning
or knowledge; one ignorant of
the road.

•Cfjnjreab, plenteous, abundant.

<T;nje;^", a curse, or malediction.

Ctjngeal, or ajngjol, an angel, or
messenger; Lat. angelus. — Vid.
ajatla.

•cTjngeat, sun-shine, light, fire.

•djngljbe, angelical, bright.

if jnjljbeact, an angelical state.

be, malicious, envious, spite-

tfjnzjbeact;, malice, spite ; ex.

cro;be ran ajnjjbeact jan

ruat, a heart without malice or

hatred.
•cfjnja-tmantac, too much, too pow-

erful, too many, over-swaying,

puissant.
•cT;n;m, or ojnrn, a name ; Lat.

nomen.

anger.

j, a beast, or brute animal ;
vid. bj.

•cTjn;mneamu;l, famous, renowned,
&c.

•cfjnjmnju jab, to name, to mention.

tTjnjmnjjre, named; go b<x;n;m-
n;te, namely.

oppression.

c, oppressive, tyrannical,
also inhospitable, compounded
of the negative an and joct,
clemency, humanity, hospitality.

•Cfjn;6ba/i, unclean, impure, com-
pounded of the negative <in and
)0ban, pure, clean, fit ; Lat. ido-
neus.

<Tjnjom, or ajn;m, a natural spot,
or a disagreeable mark in the
body ; also a stain or blemish on
a person's reputation.

<f;nle, or jreanloj, a kind of
creature with four legs and a
winged tail always living on
trees, called by the Irish cat
Cftajnn, i. e. a tree-cat.

•Ctjnte, well-featured.

if jnleact, softness, smoothness.

•cTjnleanrxvjm, to persecute ; a;n le-
anpjibme tu, I will persecute you.

•cfjnleanirxijnt;, persecution.

<f;nlea^, disservice, or great harm
done to one's self. J\ote, it is
the negative of leaf, advantage,
service to one's self; ex. bo ;t;n
fe <x tea^, he acted wisely, and
to his own advantage ; bo ftjn
fe tx <\;nte<x^, he conducted
11

himself unwisely, and to his
own disadvantage ; ra coii)<i;;ite
tajnlea^a fujat:, you are re-
solved to destroy yourself. I
know no Language that can ex-
press in one word the full mean-
ing of either of these Irish words,

, oppression, injustice.
itjnleog, a swallow ; corruptly,

•u;nme;b, a wonder.

•cfprneafanba, excessive, huge ;
also inordinate, intemperate.

•cTjnmeafa/tbact, excess, intempe-
rance.

tfjnm;an, lust, passion, inordinate
desire, concupiscence; ex. a;n-
m;ana na colla, the lusts or
concupiscence of the flesh.

<fjnm;anac, lustful, intemperate.

<l;nm;nt:e, or ajnb;nte, beasts.

<f;nn and a;n, a great circle ;
hence Oel-ajn, (viilg. Olja ja;n)
the great circle of Belus, i. e. of
the sun, or the annual course of
that planet tlirough the ecliptic.
Note. Upon these Celtic mono-
syllables a;n and <vjnn, the La-
tin words anus and annus have
been formed. — Vid. Remarks.

<Tjnne, vulg. pxjnne, the diminu-
tive of ajnn, a small circle or
ring ; Lat. annulits.

, or ajny ea?tc, hatred.
and ajnfjjanac, and
, a furious, extrava-
gant man.

Cljnfgjanta, destroyed, broken
down.

{Tjnreann, braced up, over-stiff.

•djnteaf, an excessive or scorching
heat, also an inflammation.

•cf;nceaf u; jeacc, idem ; <xntea-
f u;ieact: na p)la, a great heat
of blood.

•cTjnc^ean, ungovernable, inflexible.
SfitC: In several of tlie preceding
words beginning with ajn, that

tf J

particle, which should rather be
<xn, but is here changed into <v;n
by the abusive rule coel le coet,
is a prefix signifying excess; as
in the words ajnmetxpx/iba, <x;n-
rojoin <x;nte<^-, &c. ; in other
words it is a negative particle,
such as vn in English, as in
<x;n;oct<xc, <x;n;oban, &c.

<f;;i, upon, or over ; in all old
writings it is jro/i, as jro/i <xn t;/t,
instead of <xj^i <xn tjp.

tf;/i, numbered, from the verb
tx;;i;m, to number, or reckon;
bo &;/t j-e, he reckoned.

•cTjji, destroyed; from <vj/i;z;;iT), to
destroy, rob, or plunder.

•Cljft, arise, rectiits ojp, as in the
word tnuco;/i; je, early rising.

<l;/i, the second person of the im-
perative of the verb <x;/rjm, vulg.
jr<xj;t;m, to watch, or take care.

•CT;/t, the genitive case of &j\,
slaughter.

1, ploughed ; Lat. aro, arare.
be, ribs.

•d;/tbe, a story.

<f//tl)e, ribbed, furrowed.

"Cl;/tbe<xbA, divisions ; ex. bo ;vjn-
ne<vb<Xfi t/t; ];aj;ibeab<x ba f-lu-
<x ja;B, they made three divisions
of their armies.

<t;/ib;^e, an armful, as much as one
may carry between both arms.

•cfj/ib/ie, a multitude, a legion ;

e ene;npe<\ct te f)enoc
|i<xt<x^", he was seated amidst le-
gions of angels with Enoc in Pa-
radise. — Vid. Le<xb<Xft b/te<xc.
tb/ie, a host, or army.

, the ark ; Lat. area.

, a strait, or difficulty, great
hunger ; hence <x;^c;^"e<xc, a
hungry, starving man.

, a lizard; <x;/ic luac/ta, an
emmet.

•cfj/icecxbal, a prophesy.

<T;/tceaUab, sacrilege; from
a robbing, and ceall, a church ;
Lat. cella, the same as ceo.ll-

u;/iceallc;iac, a hind or doe of the

third year; also a hind-calf, a

hart of the first, year.
<Tj/iceann, certain, positive, un-

doubted.
•cTjftcjtl, to lie in wait, or in am-

bush.

•cf;/tc;onn, aside.
tTjficjopxc, covetous, greedy of

food, hungry, voracious, rave-

nous.
<(jj\c)f, a complaint, or expostula-

tion.
iTj/tc;^, meeting ; bo cu;/t f&

ajj\cjf ojijta, he sent to meet

them.
<l;/tce^t, the same; <vjft <x;/icej^t;

<xn p.} j, to wait on, or be of the

king's levee; <x;pi <x;;tce;^t an

t^lua j, to expect the coming up

of the army.
<t;^ce<xc, ingenious.
<t;/ic;ll, i. e. co;me<xb, keeping.
, a coast, a quarter or cardinal

point; 0/7 &;/*b ^o;/t, from the

eastern quarter, or from the east.
•cTj/tb, loud, also public; ex. 67-

&/ib, publicly ; vid. u/ib, Lat.

arduus.
•cT}/tb and o;/tbe, order, improve-

ment ; Lat. ordo.
<f;/tbbeab, to cut down.
xt;;-tbceann, a sovereign or supe-

rior, whether ecclesiastic or civil.
•Cf^ibceann<ty-, superiority, sove-

reignty, great power.
tt/jftbe, height; ex. cu bcx;/tbe,

what height .'

•cf;^be and a;/tbe<xn, a sign.
•Cf;/ibeana, the position or situation

of a thing; ex. b/iOc-cvjftbeana

<x cuca, the disadvantageous po-

sition of his legion. — Vid.

it;/tb;nt;nn, haughtiness, arro-

<L 1

)

gance, high-spirited.

jftb;nt:jnneac, high-minded.
<Tjnbean<vjb, constellations.
•cf^tbfjje, an>" kingdom governed

by one person.
tfjrtty-jejmleojrt, a curious, inqui-

sitive, over-prying body.
<T;ne, heed, care, attention ; ex.

tdbajft b<xm b<xjne <x )nnfj <xn

L<xo;, rid. Brody's poem.
if; ;ie, a fishing-ware.
<fjfte<xc, careful, vigilant, circum-

spect.

•cCj/tetxc, hostile, violent.
tTjfteac, ingenuity.
<T;neab<x and oj/ie<xb<x, excellent,

famous.
<f;;ieam and tvjnjom, to number, to

count ; ex. noc bo baftmeab bjob,

that were numbered of them.
<Tj/te<xn<xc, a beginning.
<T;/te<x,n, a bay or harbour.
t, to satisfy.
t, food, also pleasant.
, the apple of the eye, the

sight.

jftel, a bed.
je, a herd ; pi. ajnj je and

•cTjHJe. a place for summer grazing

in the mountain.
tfjn jeac. one who has many herds;

of or belonging to a herd.

a ren; <x;neana
<xj/i; the reins of a bridle.

symptoms, signs, or in-
dications ; ex. <\nf e<xn<x <xn b
the symptoms of death.
;njjob, money, properly silver ;
Lat argentum ; Greek apywpoc,
derived from the Celtic arg,
white, which is like the Greek
apjoc, whence they derive their
apYuooc, as well as the Lat.
argent urn ; <X;tj;ob beo, quick-
silver.

;/t^jm and ct;n;m, to heed, to
mind, to take care of, or ob-
seive; ex. ma <x;n;jeamu;b, if
13

we perceive or observe.
t, a cow-calf.

> to ask, seek, or demand.
, to spoil, rob, or plunder,
take or drive away ; Lat. arceo ;
Greek a(ok-£o, propnlso ; and
Hebrew niN, ftigio ; hence

cLjn, sacrilege.

ce, spoiled, plundered, ra-
vaged.

-cT^njredc, a spoiler, robber.
if; figtedc, also signifies bountiful,
generous in bestowing silver ;
hence C<xnna of the Dalgassian
princes is said to derive his sur-
name <tj;t;5red.c, quasi, <x;nj;o-
bdc.

<f;n;be, spectres, visions.
<l;>t;be no. Cftojce, the sign of tlie
tones,

j, certain, particular, especial ;

j, especially.
q j, a prince, nobleman, &c.

a sovereignty, princi-
pality ; ex. <xj/t;^eact: C^jfjl,
the sovereignty ol Cashel. — Old
Parchment.
tfjftjUettb, a law.
lT;^jtcean, a fashion.
ttjnjoct: or o;neacc, clans, fac-
tions or parties ; hence <vjft;oc-
tu^, an assembly ; <x;n;oct, also
signifies a cantoon, and corres-
ponds with the Lat. word regio.
rT), ploughing, also agricul-
ture, husbandry ; Lat. aro-are /
hence <v;^eo.nxi;n, ploughmen,
i. e. 7'tu;n.

, knowledge ; &1rijf, arise :
and J^fe, history ; jnfe
ancd^-bala, lu'ston- and
genealog\- ; chronic um Scot or um.
and <xjK;^jn, a rehearsal,
or narration.

, an appointment ; ajnjfjn
, an appointment for battle.
to watch ; ex. <x;/t;^jb
yunn, watch here ; vicl. le<\ba/i

{fjrtleacab and <x;;tleac<vjm, to

lend or^borrow.
<f;/ileacab and aj/tleajab, loan,

also usury, or any extravagant

gain arising from the practice of

lending money ; <vj/ile, counsel.
tfjftleactac, ready or willing to

lend money or any other thing,

also he that lends.
•cTj/tteoj, a fling, jostle, or toss.
•ct;/il;jte, lent, adventitious, bor-

rowed.
•Cfj/ileojac, enterprising, adventu-

rous.

arms, weapons.

;/tm, a place ; 50

<xn ;t;j, to the place where the

king was ; ca ba;/im or ca;/tm,

where, in what place, ubinam.
;o^, a belt worn by a sol-

dier to fasten his armour on.
•cT;/tme<x/-it: and a;/tm;b, an order

or custom.
•Cf;/tmjejn and <xrT)/iaje;n, well

born, or descended.
<f ;/imeab, a kind of measure.
•cTj/troeab, a herd of cattle ; Lat.

armentwn, plur. armenta.
•Cf;/im;b;r>, honour, reverence.
•cT;/inr;b;neac, venerable, respect-

ful, as, <x o; j <x;/iro;b;neac, vir-

go veneranda.
•cTj/trirjb, an interdict, also a troth,

vow, or promise.
•cTj/tne, sloes ; Greek £sotvsoe.
•cf;/ir>e, pi. of a/ta, the kidneys.
tT/;ine, a sitting or watching up all

night; hence the diminutive a;/i-

nean, which is the more common

word.

tfjfinean, a sitting up late.
•CtjfiOjle, all together ; Lat. slmuL
tTjfifibe, a sign ; <x;/t/ibe na c/tO;ce,

the sign of the cross, L. B.
<fjj\j\fcj, the hinder part of the

neck.

•cTj/t^je, contemplation.
tT;;ttea;rat, an article.

14

/

and <\;^ce;n, a pebble.
, weariness, fatigue.
, a soldier's whetstone,
among the old Irish.
, a hill, also a fort of covert.
1, dependence ; <xt<x <x;^ <X5<xno
, I depend upon him ; hence,
, to depend, to have confi-
dence in; as <x;pm <x;/i, I de-
pend upon him.

, back, backwards; as t<x/i <x
<x;^-, backwards; cuj <x;/t <x;^-,
to recall ; hence aj^ecXg, resti-
tution.

, a loan.

<(-)f, free, willing ; <v;^t <x;^, no <x;^
e;j;on, nolens, volens.
, damage or trespass.
eab and <x;^cjm, to clean, or
examine the head or any part of
a person's body.

, death, applied to a dead
person ; hinc <v;^le;ne, a shroud.
' a reproof, reprehension, or
chastisement.

, a present, or free gift or
donation ; bo tug b<xm An <J.;^e,
he presented me, or gave me
gratis ; <x;/~g;b, freely, gratis.
f"ge;/t, a mountain ; as <x;^je;;i
or C;;-^;/! t?;uba, the ridge of
mountains, which part Leat: cu-
;nn from I eat mo j ; f «W. C^;/t.
and cv;^re, a poem, also any
ingenuity or invention ; Latin,
astus.

! or ajfteojfl, a tricking,
ingenious, artful fellow, a cheat
or impostor ; Lat. astutus.
•cf/rbe or <x;^ te, out of it, or of
her ; <xg but <x;^be, departing
thence or thereout; compound-
ed of <XT~, from Lat. abs, and e or
; / bo cuo.;b <x ^p;o/tiib <x;^-be,
she gave up the ghost.

and <x;^b;o/i, a journey
or peregrination ; ojfi jreab <X
na;^b;;i, during their journey ;
tr/t; la a;^-bjo/i, three days' jour-

J

ney ; it now vulgarly means

missing one's way, and disap-

pointment in one's journey.

jfbea/tu j<xb and ajfcpjm, to re-

move from one place to another,

to travel, or sojourn.
<Tj/-b;<xccand <x;^beo;^e<xct, play-

ing pranks, acting the impostor.
<Tj^e<xtb<x, restitution, also to re-

store, or give back in specie.
<f;/-;ce<xc, crafty, ingenious.
•Ctjfjoc, i. e. <xjf*-;oc, restitution in

sequiralenti, repayment literally,

also vomiting.

n<x

and o.;pc;m, to restore,
return, give back.

, a diadem or crown.
, a relic ; as
n<xom, tlie holy relics ; vid.

/t, a spring tide.

jflejne, a shroud, the woollen co-
vering commonly put upon the
corps of dead people.
Jfijng, a dream.

jj'l/njea.m and <x^t;onj;<xb, to
dream ; noc G)fijn$e4f, that
dreameth.

c, a dreamer.
, out of her or it, from it.

t, a journey ; vid. <x;^be<i/< ;
Lat. iter ; afcpjo gab, to re-
move.

•Cfjt, a place.
<t;t, comical, strange, arch ; hence

ajtjOf, pleasantry, drollery.
<fjte<xm, a proof, a convincing ar-

gument.

<C}tre<inn, furze.
<T;t; jjm, to prove, to convince.
tijtjujab, to inhabit, or improve ;
<x;teoc<xjb me, I will inhabit ;
a%uf bo bjonncolnab <\n fpjo-
c<xl, agdf bo t\;t;j jono.;nne,
ff rerbitm caro faetum est, et
hnbitavtt in nobls.
<C;c, quick, also sharp.
•Ctjc, a ford, or kiln; <xjc ao;l, a
lime-kiln ; pi. a;cce, kilns.

and <X)tn;m, to know, to
1.5

perceive.

•Ctjcbe, the ebb of the tide.
<T;cbeobam, to revive ; <X)tbeobab,

f

<fjc5eobc<vjn, enlivening, reviving.

UJC&jOp, blame, reproof ; some-

times written o.jtj:;0;t, and <xjc-

a reprover, a censor.
xb, to blame, censure, re-
prove.

, appeared ; f<\r> 0;bce
no <xjcce<x^ fOjllfe mo^, great
light was seen in the night.
<T;tceob<vjm, to disapprove, dis-

like, contemn.
<f;ce<xc, a sow.
<T;te, revenge.
•cT;cce<-, a lady of pleasure.

and <x;ccea^<x;be, who-
rish.

, to pray or entreat.
, a contradicting or gainsay-
ng.

, concise, compendious.
, to steal away, or retire
privately.

<T;teaUo.c, a second proof.
<T;t:ecinnra, the commandments,

also precepts, singular tvjcne.
<T;ceannt<x and <x;ceo.nt:ac, known,

also familiar, free, sociable.
•CCjceantd^, acquaintance, know-
ledge : bu;ne bom <x;teant<x^-,
one of my acquaintance.
<f;te<xn^<\c, a different person or

thing, another.
<T;ce<Xrt/t<x6, a change ; <x;f e<j.;t^<xc

culdijb, a change of raiment.
•tfjte&fc, an admonition, advice,
or lecture ; vid. le<xb<X;t b/teac,
passim.

, resurrection ;

, to rise from the dead.
t, soon, short, generally
applied to time; 50 b<x;cje<x/t,
shortly; brevi tempare, a short
cut or wav.

if/t^ejn, like, or another one's self,

quasi regenitus.
•cf;t jenjro, to regenerate.
•cT;t je;r)e<xrou;n, a regeneration.
•d;tjb, a serpent, which seems to

be the asp ; sometimes said to

a fiery, peevish person ; Gr. arrj,

damnum.

•cf;t;b;n, a little venemous creature.
if;t; j and <x;t;^e, giants ; vulgo
; its singular is <xt<xc or

•cT;t;r), commanded ; bo <x;t;n f&,

he commanded.
<T;t:;n;m, to ordain, to order, to

command or direct.
•Cfjcjnne, a firebrand ; vulg. pajt-

;nne ; also a wart.
<T;t;/t, father ; gen. <xta;t <x;c;/t

n;me, a serpent, an adder ; <x;t;/t

tu^<x, ground ivy.
tfjtr;^, an affront, an abuse ; also

shame, confusion ; ex. n aomajt;^,

blasphemy.
•djtjpm and <xjt;^;u j<j.b,to affront,

to abuse, to shame ; hence <x;tj-

7-6 <vc, and bu;ne <x;t;^evXc, an

abusive reviling man.
•Ctjcjuba/t, banishment, expulsion.
•Ctjcle, an old rag.
-cT;tle, after; ex. bajtte <xn tao;,

after the poem ; ba;tte &ba.m

bjona/tba, after Adam's exile.
•cT/tmed-t, repentance, an after sor-

row.
•Cf/tne, a district in the county of

Meath, anciently the estate of a

tribe of the O'Caseys.
<f;trne, knowledge, known ;

bub <x;tne, it was not known.
•cTjtne, a commandment ; <xn ba

ba;tne, the second command-

ment.
•cfjtnjm, to know, also to recom-

mend ; <vjc;/t netxmba

man<xm ;/- mo ^p;o^i<xb;t;t

in manus tttas cominendo

tummeum.

c, treasured or hoarded up.
16

rf )

, an ox, bull, or cow.

and <x;t^e<xca^-, repen-
tance.

<T;tftJii, a sharp point.

•cT;c/i;nne, a calf.

•Cfjt/tjogdb, to dethrone, or depose
a sovereign. N. B. — The trans-
lator of Dr. Keating's History,
whose ignorance of the Irish lan-
guage appears in every page of
his work, translates the Irish
word <x;t/i;0j<xb into that of re-
establishment on the throne,
where he treats of the reigns of
C<xj/ib/ie l;jcjre<xc<vjfi king of
Leac-cujnn, and OOoj-co/tb kiug
of Leat-mo j ; the scope and
sense of the history being therein
directly contrary, as the reader
may plainly see.

it jt]\-)f, an imitation.

t^;t;t;/-, a report.

<t;t;i;pm, to report ; bo <x;t/t;^ ye,
he reported it ; also to imitate.

<T;t/r^teac, a rehearser or relater;
ex. <xjt/i;^-tetxc ^jeul, a tale-
bearer.

<C;t; jea^-, vulg. pa;tJje<J.^-, reluc-
tance, unwillingness. t

•cT;t/te<xb and cijt/teab<xb, dwelling,
inhabiting.

-cT;tjrj/i;ob<xb,to transcribe or copy.

ttl, i. e. <x;te<xiT)ujn ; Lat. alimen-
tum, nurture, food.

itl, a brood, or the young of any
animal ; <x I)ul 65, her young ones.

<Tl<x, nursing ; hence bula, i. c. bo
cila, to nurse ; ex. <x;tj/t-bala, a
foster-father ; Lat. alo, alere.

•Cfl<x, ((///ftxi <xtb<x <xb <xlbeb;ne,) a
swan ; and Welch alark, a swan.

<f t<x, a wound.

<tt<x, <xUa;b, skill or craft ; hinc,
<xla;be, an art or trade, and
<xlabn<xc, full of artifice, comical,
crafty.
, wisdom.
, speckled.

itl<x;m, to hail or salute, sometimes

rf L

written ;~ala;m bo ^cijleaba/t n<x
n;j e, they hailed him king.

<fla;m, to nurse, or foster ; Lat.
alo ; o;ljm, idem.

<na;ro, to sing, to praise, or pray
to ; ex. ala;m £);a an co;rcbe ;
this verb is like the Heb. verb
bbn, which signifies to praise,
to worship, and adore; hence
H'lWn, laudate Dominum.

<flajn, white, bright, clear, fair.

<flban, <tlb<\jr>, the name of Scot-
land; Lat. Albania genit. na
b alb an.

•Ctlbanac, Scottish, also a Scot.
i <f Ibci^b, an halbard, or halbert.

•cflpat, a cause or reason.

<Upxlac, hid or concealed.

<Tlj<X, noble, brave ; Gr. a\Krj,
jRobur, Hisp. ft/go, uncle h? d"1
algo, a well born man ; Jnjf
alga, an old name of Ireland.

<(l^f, or ajlgjcy", a false inclina-
tion to stool.

-<f II, universal, or all ; as buab-all,
or all-buabac, all-victorious or
triumphant.

{Hi, or oil, .great, prodigious, mon-
strous, as also u;le, universal,
is like the Hebrew ^X, magmis,
patens, fort is ; hinc ^« nomen
Dei, >!?N >^>N, my God, my God.

<fll, a bridle.

Ull, and vulgo e;le, other, strange,
another, is like the Gr. aXXoc,
and the Lat. atius.

<Tll, foreign, alien ; hence all-
muftbci, exotic, that comes from
a foreign country, (from <xll, and
mu;;t, the sea, or from <xll, fo-
reign, and mu/i, a habitation,)
Lat. transmarinus, bon t<xob <x;^
<x;ll, on the further side ; trajnjj
f~e <x no.ll, or <xn <xll, lie came
from the opposite side, but com-
monly, he came from beyond sea.

<Cll, wild, mabrto, alia, i. e. canis
silvaticits, a wolf.

itll, a rock, or rocky cliff; by the
17

moderns, a;ll, p a;ll, ex. aUclujr,

i. e. petr^a clujt ; juxta Bedam

hist. lib. i. c. 12. miatimeninni

erat Pictorum.
itlla, the name of a river in the

County of Cork, which gives a

name to a barony, called after it

buhalla.

<TUafca;^, or muc alia, an echo.
if Ua6a/t, a great army.
ttllab, to go to, to meet ; Gall.

alter.

iTllab, a present.

•cTllab, excellency, fame, greatness.
<Tlla;b, savage ; allta, idem.
•ctllann, formerly, as a n'allan, in

former times.

transposition ; allcun na
, the transposition of the

words.
<Tll jlo^, mischief.
<Tll jo^tr, an orchard, rectit/s abal-
, an apple-field ; rid go oll-

.

c, or allma/tac, a foreigner,

a transmarine.

•cfllmu/tba, exotic, outlandish, of
another country.

tfllmuribact;, barbarity, or extra-
ordinary cruelty, ex. allmunbacc
na Loclannac j\o b; ^an Bjrea/t
fjn, he had the barbarity of the
Danes in him.

<fllob, ancient, also formerly ; a
n'allob and a n'allub, in ancient
times. Note. — This Celtic word
allob is the original, upon which
the Latin allodium, signifying
ancient property, hath been form-
ed.

and allijan, a foreign ex-
pedition, or voyage.

c, other, diverse, opposite ;
taob allranac na baman, the
other side of the river.

<TUca, wild, savage; beacajje all-
ta, wild beasts.

iflluj^, wild ; ex. bam allu; j, or
bama/3 alia, a spider, the black

if L

worm of the wall, for alia, jralla,

or balla, are synonymous, Lat.

vallum, and hence the English

word wall.
ifllojn, of a hind; laoj allu;n,

a lawn,
if Imcaba, charitable, giving alms;

eleemosynarius.
iflmojnne, almonds,
•dlm^-ana, alms-deeds; Lat. elee-

mosyna.
iflma;n, the country and residence

of the famous Fion Mac Cumhail

in Leinster.
iflpa, ylljab alpa, the Alps ; vid.

•die, a nursing; ban-<vjlte, a nurse,

Cantab, banlitu.

if It, a high place, or edifice ; see
the word a;lt ; Wei. alth, is an
ascent ; Lat. altus.
if It, an action, deed, or fact; also

an article.

•die, a leap ; Lat. saltus.
if It, a part of any thing, a section

of a book,
if It, a joint : e;b;/i altajb, between

the joints.

<flt, the state or condition of a
person or thing ; ex. o. Cbajbg
na tataojfi Co/ma : jf gan e
an alt Bu/t najallma, Thady re-
vile not the poet Torna, who is
not in the way of accosting you ;
Lu;j 6 Clejpie.

iflto;/i,an altar; Gen. no. balto/ta.
ifltocta, visiting,
iflt/ia, a foster-father ; ban-alt/ia,
a foster-mother, or nurse.
, to move.

nursing; <xt<Xjft <xlt;-to-
m<x, a fosterer, also to nurse or
foster.

ty*9 nursing; vw/. <xla;
to nurse ; Wei. aultruan, a god-
mother.

ifltuj<xb, and <ilcu;g;m, to give
. God thanks; ex. alcujijm le
jCx, I thank and glorify God.
18

jab, grace after meat. This
word seems to be derived
from the custom of our Pagan
ancestors, who worshiped their
gods in altis sen excelsis, on the
summits of hills and mountains,
as appears by the earns or heaps
still to be seen on the tops of
high places in Ireland.

and alltu^", altact and all-
tact, wildness, savageness, bar-
barity.

ifluba, wounds.

iflujn, fair; jngean alu;n, a fair
daughter or lady.

iflujnn, time.

if m, time ; fto;me bam, before her
time ; o.n am, in time ; pi. aman ;
ex. t/to^ga no. g' ce;t^te baman,
the fast of the quatre tense.

ifma, the hame of a horse-collar, jf'
a kind of band about a draft-
horse's neck; Gr. afjLfia, a band.

if mac, a vulture, or any ravenous
bird.

if mac, out; 6 7-0 amac, hence-
forth, henceforward.

if mab, and vulgo am;b, a madman, .
a simpleton, a foolish, silly per-
son, a fool ; hence the diminut.
amaban ; Lat. omens.

if maban, a fool, a madman.

if mabanajt, folly, foolishness.

if mabanta, foolish, ill-judged.

ifmajl, broken.

if ma/tac, fondness ; Lat. amor.

ifma/tca, a fondness, a being over
kind.

ifma/tcac, fond, over kind, too in-
dulgent.

if noa/ica;m, to be fond of, or kind
to a person ; a^ ama^ac, idem.

if mbeat, quick, nimble, swift.

if no be; t, a being, essence.

if w-gojfte, a godfather.

ifm, raw, sour, bitter; ex. j:eo;l
am, raw flesh.

ifm, a kind of fishing-net.

ifm, even, also, but; Heb. r\K,

tt CD

CO

etiam, quinctiam.

vtm, bad, naughty.

<f ma and ama;m, to be raw.

<fma;l and amu;l, like unto, as;
Gr. 6/iaAoc, and Lat. .sv/wY/V,
Wei. hamal.

•cfmajlje, t;/t amajlje, Tyrawley
in Connaught.

•cfmajn, only, alone, except.

iTmaon, plurality, it is used also for
twins.

•cfma/t, music.

•cfmanc, a fault.

<Tma/tc, behold.

tfm a/tea; m, to see, to behold, to
look at.

<Tman, a river; Lat. amnis, Wei.
avon, Cor. auan, and Arm. «M/?.
Tills Irish word is pronounced
aujnn.

tlma/tj, woe; ama/tg bujt, woe
unto you.

{(roan GQoft, the river Black Water
in Munster.

ttmantaft, rectius abbanta^t, good
luck or prosperity in adventure ;
Gal. avanture, bonne avanture,
vulgo dicitur anntiifi ; as, aj
aju^ anntu^ ; it also signifies a
perquisite, or royalty ; ex. fe
roa/tj beag, aneajma;;- aman-
tu;t, sixteen marks, (as chief-
rent,) besides the casual perqui-
sites, or royalties.

•tfmancotl, the letter X, according
to Flaherty, also the aphthongs,
sometimes written ama^coll.

•CfrrKX/tu^, doubt, suspicion, or mis-
trust ; 5 an ama/inf, without
doubt.

ifroa/ta^ac, dubious, distrustful,
suspicious.

, a wild, ungovernable, or
mad man ; tr; j na n'ama^-, Bed-
lam ; hence the dimin. ama^an
and aroa^-oj.

ma^, a soldier; in the Hebrew
language pDN signifies robustus,
fortis fit it ; in the German am-
19

bacht is a soldier.

*an, a dull, or stupid man.
, a silly woman.
, affliction, tribulation, sor-
row; an amga/t mo^i, in great
distress.

arola;b, and amlu;b, so,
thus.

, dumb, mute.
, impudent; Brogan in vita
Brigidce; also importunate, trou-
blesome.

•cTmna^, unusual, extraordinan :
cac Cfioba aronar*, a smart and
remarkable battle. — Vid. Chro-
nicon Scotomm.

iTm^a, rectius abfia, a poem, hence
aro^an, a sonnet ; quod rid.
aiiifta collujm c;lle, a poem com-
posed for St. Columbus.

<f m/ta, good, great, noble, prospe-
rous, lucky ; amfta a/tab bo cua-
ta;b, bona est scala populis.

•cTm/ta, dark, gloomy, obscure.

•cTro/ta, mourning, lamentation for
the dead, also the hilt of a
sword.

<(" mpan, a song, rectius abftan.

•cTm/^aojleab, a lax, a looseness,
or flux.

•Cfmujn, a river ; Lat. amnis.

•Cfmm, mischievous, evil, bad.

{from, to refuse.

{from, time ; cat e an tarn , what
time? Lat. tempus. — Vid. am.
tr^o^ga na m'amman, the fast of
the quatuor tempora.

<fm;t;, a cupboard.

ujc, or ama; j, on the outside,
without doors, besides, without,
an ambush, ambuscade, or
surprise ; also any violent attack
or onset; ex. amu^ lonjpojnt:,
surprising the camp or quarters
of an enemy ; also protection ;
ex. a Chpjofc mac Oe, t;aja-
majt: u;le a;^ barnu^*, Christ.
Son of God, we all fly to thy
protection. — Old Parchment.

tt

to hit; b'amu^dba/i na
b6j;i;je e, the archers
hit nim ; also to level, or aim
at.

ifo, the; ex. <xn bu;ne, the man.

if n, whether ; ex. <vn tu mo cfyi<x ?

art thou my friend ? Lat. aw.
' il n, or ; <xon, one ; Lat. unus.

ifn, in compound words sometimes
signifies negation, and answers to
the in and un of the English,
and to the in of the Latin ; ex.
<xnC\ j, unhappiness, infelicitous ;
sometimes when put before a
substantive it signifies very great,
or very much ; ex. <xn;a;i<xct, a
very great attempt ; when put
before an adjective it signifies
very ; ex. <xnmo/i, very big.

if r> is the article of the masculine
gender in oblique cases, as na is
of the feminine ; as m<xc an p^t,
nrxxc n<x mn<x ; vid. na, the plural
of this article <xn before mascu-
lines is n<x, as n<x p;/i, the men.

ifn, evil, bad, also a kind of ves-
sel.

<fn, water; also still or quiet.

ifn, true ; also pleasant.

ifn, noble ; also swift.

if n<x, riches ; a cornu copice, or in-
exhaustible treasure ; also a con-
tinuance of calm weather ; ex. <x
ttx <xn <xn<x n<xomt<x <xnn, there is
now a heavenly blessing or plen-
ty- .

<Cnabu;b, unripe, sharp.

xtWcajl, quietness, protection, re-
lief, deliverance, also mercy ; ex.
bo jrjnne <xn<xc<xl <vjfi, he showed
him mercy. — K.

itn<xc<x/i, affliction, calamity ; <x lo
m'<xnacfi<x, in the day of my af-
fliction ; t'&noic/ia, thy affliction.

•cTflcxc, anger.

itn<xc, a washing, or tinging;
<xn<xc jrcub <x n<x;/im <x l;n c^io,
intixerunt sua arma sanguine.
, danger, misfortune ; also
20

a bad accident; bo b<vj

cajn bo, he came by a bad acci-

dent.
if nab, delay ; g<xn <xn<xb, sz/ze

mora.
b, danger.
, neat, clean.
against.
iTna;c, a wound.
iTrxvjc me, save thou me.
iTna;ce, a saving, or protection.
if/?<x;c;m, to save, to relieve, or

protect ; also to beware, or take

care ; ex. <xn<vjc te<ttr, take heed;

<xrKx;cj:e<xb <n.jt <vn pen;cjl ub tu,

I will save you from mat danger.
iTnacjll, restless.
iTn<v;nbfteab. insatiable.
iTna;/tt:, soft, tender.

, bandle-cloth, or linen of

small breadth.

, backward, reversed.

, unknown.

al, breath ; Wei. anadl.
itnal, an annal ; pi. <xnat<x, annals.
if n&lac, a chronicle, annals.
ilnall, hither, from beyond; ex.

<xn'<xll, to.fi Jo^ib<xn, over Jordan.
ifnam, life, soul ; Lat. anima.
iTfl<unc<XfUX, a bosom friend; also a

penitentiary ; lofep <xno.mc<x/i<i

cluan<x mjc no;^-, Joseph Peni-

tentiary of Clonmacnois. — Vid.

Chron. Sc.
ifnam, rare; 50 b<xn<xm, seldom,

rarely.
xf n<xo;b;n, woe, also disagreeable ;

ex. <\f <wao;bjn bu;c, woe unto

you.
iTnb<x, prodigious, great, porten-

tous.
iTnbal, huge, exceeding great ;

from <xnb<x and <xll, universal, or

all ; <xnbctt, all-prodigious.
ifnbj:<x;ne, weakness, fainting ; <xg

bul <xn <xnbj:<x;ne, ready to faint ;

from the augmentative <xn<x and

pann, weak, feeble; hence <xn-
Tliis word is commonly

pronounced <xnu;ne.
if nbpxnn, weak, feeble.
•cfnBa^, a sudden, untimely, or

unnatural death.
ifnbjrob, ignorant.
if nbp);l, brave, or courageous.
if nbj6m<xc, sensual, lustful ; rectius

<xn-m;<xn<xc.

if/ibob, falsehood, villany.
if nbo^b, furious.

t and <xnb/tu;t, broth ; from
, water, and b;tu;t, boiled.

, tyranny.
ifnbuan, uneasiness, anxiety ; pro>

nounced <uibojn, as Ian b'an-

buajn, full of anxiety and sur-

prise.

ifnc<x;ntr, reviling, or backbitingi
if/7c'a;t: and <xnc<x;te<xm, a squan-

dering, or extravagant spending.
if nco;;te, a ship-anchor.
c, bad, also anger.

j , sn.

ifnbana, presumptuous, impudent.
ifnbo/i, although.

, presumptuous.
, presumption.

, Cathecliresis.
if"bu;ne, a wicked man.
if neat, a swoon ; ex. te;b <xne<xl,

she fell in a swoon.
if nejj-, a skin, or hide.
ifnpi, dflpxb, an]:a;b, a storm, a
tempest; ex. <xn <\nj:<xb )5;tba;n,
in the swelling of me Jordan.
<fr)j:ac, or <xnj:o.bac, overflowing,

tempestuous.

tTnfram, we will stay, or remain.
•Cfnpl<xt:, a tyrant, an usurper.
it njro/ttan, puissance, tyranny, op-
pression, usurpation; <xr>p);tlan
n<\ toctanac acaf no. njatl
mbuAnna, the tyranny of the
Danes and other foreigners.
and ;nge, but.
, a snare.

c, glittering.
sn.

valiant, stout, hardv.
21

courageous.
ifn^clu, a champion.
ifnjc/tu;^e, an anchorite.
ifnjlonn, adversity, danger; also

oppression.

b, a great cry.

rnata, relations; also respite,

dela.

i to-day; anciently written
;n u; j, and jn u;, for j is not
pronounced ; it is the same

hui in French and oy in Spa-

nish ; Lat. hodie.
ifn;ub, error, depravity.
if njubac, depraved, perverse.
ifnrrxxojn, hatred, pique.
ifnm;<in, concupiscence, sensuality.

excess of any thing, mostly ap-

plied to the passion of lust ;

from the particle <xn and m;an, a

desire; plur. <xnm;<xn<x, <xnm;ano.

n<x colnd, the lusts of the flesh.
ifnm;dn<xc, sensual, lustful.
ifnmo/t, very great; go banmo/t,

exceedingly.
ifnn, there, therein, in the said

place.

if nn<x;cte, a cleansing or purifying.
ifflntxb, i. e. ma.;lt, delay ; j<xn <xn-

n<xb, immediately.
if/in<x;b, a year.
cfnnpocvxl, a word of course, a pro-

verb.
ifnn jajfttn, an appellation, or nam-

ing.
•tfnnfa, in this very place, here;

also in the ; ex. annf<\. 15, in the

day.

ifnn^a, beloved, dear.
ifnn^act:, love.
ifnntojl, lust.

if nn^-an, in him ; also then.
ifnont<X;t, over.

if no;^-, now ; a no^-a, the same.
if ncyjajlt, a chasm, or great gap.
/ta, one in the next degree of

honour to an ollaii).

, abundance.
ifn/to, misery, hardship, bad wea-

rf 0

tt 0

ther ; from <xn and ;io, frost.

<tn/t<x, the dregs of men, or meanest
person ; gjolta. <xn/ia.

•cTn/io;bte<xc, oppressed.

<fn/io;be, oppressed, hard set.

•cTn^5<x;ne, a chasm.

<fn;-5<x;/tt, a clamour, or great
cry.

dnfanntac, a greedy-gut, a gor-
belly.

iTn^oj, misery, adversity, hard
cheer, affliction ; bo luct <xnp);j,
to the afflicted.

•cTn/~;n, then.

it n^ujjKXb, scurrility.

tfnttx/ifuxjnj, a strife, or debate.

•cfntojt, inordinate desire or will.

•tfntojljm, to lust after a thing, or
be very desirous thereof; b'<xn-
tO;l; j ^-e, he lusted.

<fnto;l;Teact, an earnest or vehe-
ment longing or desire.

if o to limit o;/i, a glutton ; from <xn<x
and tom<xlt<vjm, to eat.

•cTnudb<x/i, excessive pride.

•cfnua;b/ie<xc, proud.

<fnu<x;;i, when, at the time that.

•cTnuaj^jfierce or cruel.

if nimble, baseness ; also more
base.

rfntmluji, burdensome.

own, from above.
, mean, base, or ignoble.
, or xxnonn, over to the other
side, beyond seas.

<fo. — Note, <xo is used by our mo-
dern grammarians instead of the
<xe, and oe of the ancients, and
OiO; instead of uj, and are pro-
nounced in the same manner.
It has been already said that this
substitution is very abusive, as it
carries away the words from their
radical propriety and affinity with
other languages.

•cTobb<\, beautiful; b/ic<xc <xobb<x,
<xobb<xct, obedience; also beauty.

{fob, fire.

<Tob, the liver.

22

tfobd, the proper name of a man,
equal to Hugo and Hugh in .
English ; ex. <tob<x u<x ^ ^le;tl,
Hugh O'Neil, potms Oeb; it is
the same name as Eudes in
French.

•cToba;/ie, a pastor, a shepherd, a
cow-herd.

•cTob<x;/-ie<xct, a keeping, or herding
of cattle.

<foj:ru<xtm<x/t, detestable, horrible,
odious.

•Cto;, a stranger, a guest.

•Cfo;, or <x, a swan.

,, a confederacy, a compact, or
areement.

instruction, knowledge, or
discipline.
, honour, respect,
and ;, an island ; ex. <xoj or ;
Colu;m Ch;lle, an island in Scot-
land, where St. Columbus lived
chief abbot.

tfo; and ;, a country ; as <xo; GOac
Cujtle, the territory of Mac
Cuille, or the barony of Imo-
killy. Note. — This Irish word
OlOj or j, signifying an island,
also a region, or country, is quite
analogous to the Hebrew >K, in-
sula, regio, provincia, an island ;
also a territory, or region. — Vid.
Opitius's and Buxtorfs Lexi-
cons.

<To;B, neat, elegant, civil, cour-
teous.

-Cfo;b, likeness, similitude.

<fo;be, pleasant, comely.

tTo;be<*l, pleasant, a rejoicing, or
merriment; ex. mj <xo;be<xl, re-
joicing time.

tfo;be<xl, fire, or a spark thereof;
from <xob, fire ; ex. na ^e;b
<xo;be<xl gan p<xbuj<xb, do not
blow a spark or ember that is
not kindled.

•cTojble, a sign or mark.

<fo;blj jjm, to mark.

and cio;bn;o^, joy, de-

0

rf 0

light ; cum <xo;bn;f , for delight.

<fo;be, youth.

<Tojbe<xb<xc, well-behaved.

•cfojbeoj, a hair-lace, a fillet, a
head-band.

<fo;be, a skilful or knowing per-
son.

tfo;be<3.ct, hospitality, succour,
lodging.

<To;beact<xc, hospitable.

•Ctojbebe, a guest.

<fo;l, the mouth ; Cantab, ahol.

<To;lfyteO, a lime-kiln.

<To;leac, a gazing stock. — Nah. 3.
6.

•cTo;le<xc, dung ; <xojl; j, of or be-
longing to dung; ex. ca/in, or
ca^nan <xo;l; j, a dung-hill.

<To;teanba, excellent, fine, charm-
ing.

•cTo;ll/-eoj and ajU/'eoj, a cater-
pillar.

<fo;n, a rush.

•cfojn, honour.

<fo;n, in compound words is the
same as 0.00, one, though cio;n is
never said but when the first or
initial vowel of the second word
of the compound happens to be
of the denomination of c<xol, or
small vowels ; ex. <xo;n-;nt;;n,
one mind ; <xo;np;^t, of a single
man; as conwac, or co;m-nejc
<xojn-p;/t, a duel; <xo;n-n;, any
thing; but <xon-jr;/t and <xon-n;
is said very commonly and pro-
perly.

<f o;ne, the vulgar and corrupt word
for Friday ; ex. <xo;ne <xn ce<x^-
ba, Good Friday. — Vid. infra
be and b;<x.

ttojnjro, to fast, or to abstain from
flesh on Friday.

ifojjt and <X};t;;te, a curse or male-
diction ; is analogous to the
Hebrew 1HK, accursed, niale-
dictus. — Genes. 3. 14.

•c(o;/cjm, to curse.

, a restipulation.
23

and <xo;^-e, an oblique case

of <xo^", quod i- id.
<Tol, lime ; <xoty-0;tn, a lime-kiln.
-cToltxb, to plaster and to whitewash

with lime.
<Ton, excellent, good ; Cantab, on,

the same.
•cTon, a country.
-cfon, or baon, rectius eun, one;

the same as the Gr. nominat.

neuter li>, genit. kvoq, and Lat.

timis.
itonac, a fair, an assembly. — J-ld.

a market-town in Lower

Ormond.
-cfona;t, alone.
•Cfon<x/t<xct;, singularity.
-cton<X;«xn and <j.on<Xfiba, single, all

alone.

cb, singularity.
, a;;t <xonbat, together.
<ic, a fellow-citizen, or

one of the same town or city.
<Tonba, a simple ; it is the opposite

of camafc, a compound.
•Ctonba, singular, particular.
<fonb<xct, unity ; rid go <xonrcictr.
•cConjruj/tt;, wallowing, 2 Sam. 20.

12.— Bedel's Bible.
ttbnjuxcanac and <xonrt<xcanb<x, de-

solate, solitary ; also particular ;

as 50 "oaon/t<xcan<xc, in particu-

lar, only.
<fon;t<xcan<xc and <xon;t<xcana^, de-

solation, or solitude.
-cTon^lojne, of one surname.
<Tontr<x and <xonta j<xb, celibacy, or

the unmarried state; brjne <xn

<XOntu jab, a man unmarried^
•Ctonra, <xonc<xb and <xoncuj<xb, a

vote, or consent.
<Contrab<xc, willing ; go b<xont<xb<xc,

willingly.
<Tonte<ict:, corrupte et vulgo <xo-

nac, a fair, an assembly, or con-

vention ; plur. txonta; je.
•cConcu;j;n), to obey, to consent

to.

r?

•tfontujj and <xontu;jte, united,
agreed to.

t, once, one time.

the small County of

/ C3 / * - . »

Limerick, from the hill called
Knockgreine to Limerick, the
ancient patrimony of theO'Conu-
ings, whose principal castle, near
Limerick, was called C<vjf le<xn
O'Conujnj, or Castle Connell ;
<\0f t/ijma; j, from Owny to Li-
merick.
.- if Of, age ; cot b<xo;f tu, how old

are you ? Wei. oes.
if Of , a sect or kind of people, of
the same condition, profession,
or degree ; which answers to the
Latin and French gens : <tof
e<xtab<xn, the men of arts and sci-
ences ; <\0f te<xb, no c;u;l, mu-
sicians ; dOf ban 01, poets ; <*.0f
5<xl<V7/i, the sick ; <xof u<\f <xl,
the nobility or gentry ; <xOf OT
young and old

<xrur
folks.

f t<x and o.0f m<Xfi, old, ancient.
t, small, little.
<fot, a bell.

a crown.

•ot, any servile work, especially

ploughing.
<Tp<\, an ape.
•cTp;i<x;nn, mercy.
•Clp/tun, an apron.
•Ctptac, mortal.
itpu;j, ripe; id quod <vjbjb,

<T/t, our ; a pronoun agreeing with
the Latin nosier.

<f ft, or <vj/i, upon ; as <x/t <vn b'tra-
l<xm, upon the earth ; also at, or
in ; as <x/t btu;^, in the begin-
ning ; vid, <x;/i. It is written in
the old manuscripts fajp. or fop. ;
English, over.

•Ctp, or <x;^t, when set before words
of price answers to the English,
for ,' ex. <n.;i be;c bo <x rtcob
bo 6/-t<X

24

Ceo;;i ; it also agrees withybr in
other respects ; as <x;t otc<x^ , for
badness; <i/i <x ne<xcu;b, for their
horses.

/i, by adding another word to it
makes the same an adverb ; as
<x/i <x;^, or <x^ b;iu;m, back-
wards ; <x/t <xonb<xll, together, in
one place.

i, is very often taken for <x be;/i ;
ex. <x^t f e, says he ; <x^t
she ; <x/t f ;<xb, say they.

; \,
s -^V •

i, a plague ; also any great slaugh-
ter, or havoc; also the slain in
battle ; as <x/t <x n'<x/t, upon the
slain ; Cantab, hara, slaughter ;
Gr. a/orjc. Mars ; and Gr. apa,
Dirce.

dp, ploughing, husbandry ; <n/t n<x
a^i bo b; <xn tJ/1, the land was
ploughed ; Gr. apow, and Lat.
aro.

<f jt, a guiding or conducting.

<fy<x, a page, lacquey, or coach-
man.

tff«x, a conference.

<t/i<x, the loin; plur. <i;i<xn<x, the
reins; 3<xt<x/t n<x nafi<xn, a pain
in the reins, or loins.

•d;i<x, a country in the County of
Tipperary.

ctfi<xb<x, for the sake of, for.

<f ;iOic<X;i, motion.

<T;i<xc, a ploughshare ; also utensils
for ploughing.

iT/KXc, strength, puissance, power ;
hence &ft<xcb<xc, able, puissant:
and &/i<xcb<ty~, the same as <x/i<xc.

<T/i<xc, a bier ; Jjat.feretrwn.

<T^acul, a cell, or grotto, a hut,
&c. ; wo commonly call a deso-
late forsaken house t;j <\;i<x-

^

•Cl;i<xb, strong, brave.

•cT/taboi, a severe punishment.

<t/t<xb, a ladder ; ex. <xm/i<x <i/i<xb
bo tucvt<Xjb, 6owa esi 5ca/a po-
pulis. — Vid. Brogan, in trif.
Brig.

n

n

, a runnng.

tlie runnin of the

rens.

<T|t<x;becir>, a desk, or pulpit.
tT/Kx; j-^^;<xn<x, the reins of a bri-

dle; pi. <x;t<x;jeanoi.
tf;«x;tl, both.
xl -t<x;m, to plough ; Gr. apow, and

Lat. aro.

<f/uin, bread; derived from <x^,
ploughing, husbandry ; as, apart
x;tdn 6/tn<x, <x^an
, &c. ; Gr. aorov, panis.
a name of diverse hills or
hilly places in Wales, Ireland,
and Scotland ; Gr. ooov, accusat.
of 6poc, a mountain.

, the kidneys; j^o.b n<x 75*61-
, a tender love.
a pannier.
"Cl ;t<inc<i, a pantry.
•cTftcinojjt, a baker.
if/taon, both; ffi <x ;t<xon, you

both.
tf ;t<x/% a room, a house, or habita-

tion ; m'a/xtty-, my house.
•Cf/tb<X, yet, neverthel'
<f/tb<xc, havoc, destruction.
<C/tba.;t, or <ifim<xn, a host, an army.
<T;tb<Xft, corn, either wheat, oats, or
barley, &c., particularly so called
when in standing corn, or before
it is threshed ; Lat. ana, arvo-
rum, fields of corn.
•ct/tb/KXjjneac, scarce of corn.
i.(nc, an ark; Lat. area-, as a/ic

/Mao;, the ark of Noah.
iT;tc and <Xftj, a large chest in the
form of a ship. The name of
the ship Argus seems formed
upon the Celtic <X;t£.
<C;tc, the body.

and <x/tcdn, a little pig ; also
a dwarf.

;tca;n je<xt, an archangel ; other-
wise aftb<x;nge<xl.
•Cf/tce<xnn<xc, an archdeacon.

-na, henceforth, in like man-
ner.

33

tfftcii, a band-dog; otherwise n<ty"C-
cu.

<r/tcla<xcfi<ii, an emmet or lizard;
<x/iclucic^i<x n<x ^le;be, coluber.

iT/tc^Ki, or e<x^C|t<x, an eclipse;
<XfiCft<x j^ejne, eclipsis soils.

<f/icu;ll, a hermit's cell.

, an ascent, or high place ;
hence the British Garth, a pro-
montory.

<Tfib, high, might}', great, noble; is
used in the same sense in the
Persian language ; it is true Cel-
tic, and the Lat. arduus-a, urn,
high, lofty, difficult, is formed
upon the older Celtic language,
Wet hardh, fair, handsome.

t^/ib and <tyt, noble, or strong ;
hence the proper name of a man,
•cT/tt.

u/iba, a mountain to the east of
Cashel, anciently the estate of a
tribe of the O'Deas.

<T/tb<x, high, haughty ; cnu;c a/\b<i,
high lulls.

<fybac, a territory of Carbury in
the County of Cork, the ancient
patrimony of the O'Flins, called
from thence O'pl<x;n &nb<x ; also
a hill and village in the County
of Limerick, near Newcastle.

tf /tbacdb, a height, top, or sum-
mit.

<T/tb<xg<xb, honour, promotion.

tf ;tb<x; jjm, to extol, exalt, or pre-
fer.

•cTftb&n, a hillock, or little height.

tfybanac, proud, high-minded.
;tbc<xtd.o;;i, a throne; pi. &;tb-
co.;c;te<xc<x ; also an archiepisco-
pal see.

<f;tbce<xr>n<if, dominion, power,
supremacy; hence txncednrxxc,
sometimes written jr<x;/tce<vnn<xc,
signifies a superior, or eminent
person in the hierarchy, as a
metropolitan, bishop, abbot, arch-
deacon, &c.

, tribute, chief rent.

it

r?

<fnbea/i, supreme power, rather

impost,
•tfybearcop and vulgo ecyboj, an

archbishop. — F/Y/. etfy-bog.
it/tbjrecuTKXfldc, a high-steward ;

potius a;tbjr<vbno<xnac.
•d /tb jotruc, loud, noisy.
d'/ib<xiT), a plough-ox.
tt/tb<X;tc, a pair of colours, an en-
sign.

, high, stately, bold.
, -ct/tbma j, the archiepis-
copal seat of the Primate of Ire-
land.

and o/tboj, a thumb; o/i-
boj co;^-e, the great toe.
bolkuT), a chief professor of any
science; as otloiiT) fte fQ<\nc&f,
an antiquary, a chief chronicler,
olldiY) ;te ban, a poet,
tf nbo/"t<\;-, vulgo, jcajtbOfKty-, the

lintel of a door.
tt ;tbn<xc, a monarch.
•cT/ib/KXc, gain, profit, advantage.

cttfy-, a synod, an assem-
bly, or convention ; a contraction
of <x/tbo;;ie<xct:<ty-.
<tpib^go;l, a college, or university.
,tt/tbr-aT<x.nt;, a high priest, or pon-
tiff,
tf/tbujab, to extol, to promote,

heighten.

<Tftj:<xb, in the meanwhile,
eab, for.

, white; G.r. apyog, albus ;
silence the Latins derive their
argentum, ab albedine, though
as properly from this Celtic word
<x/tj ; iinde <i/i5;ob.
, milk.

, a champion; from <x^rajm,
to spoil; hence oi/ijba, valiant,
brave, military.

the same as <\ftc, an ark,
chest, bier, or coffer.

, famous, excellent, noble.
r$<xb, or <x;/t3;ob, a stopping, or
hindrance.

to spoil, plunder, lay
34

waste, or destroy ; and

is the same.

;i£<X}n, a plundering, or robbing;

hence ceaUfytjajn, sacrilege,

robbin churches.

o keep, to herd. — Vid.

, he or she kept; ex. <x/t-
jftt laete <x;nb;j coe^ica jro/t
meobon 7?ejbe, custodiebat die
vehementis pluvice oves in media
planitie. — Brogan, in Vit. Brigit.

<l fignab, robbery, plunder, devas-
tation ; <xj;tgne, idem ; ^o nno
tan<x;^be <xj/tjne bo •Ct^bimaca,
so that Armagh was near being
ruined by pillage.

xf /tgto;/t, a destroyer.

if /tjirjmejnt: and <x;-igu;n, an argu-
ment, or proof.

•dtir, again.-- -Mat. 17. 23.

•cT/tleoj, a high ill-judged aim,
high flight.

<f /ileojdc, full of high attempts.

tt;tlo; j, gathering, rectius trfytlo; j,
as jrea^t:<x <xn cCAjtlo; j, the feast
of the gathering ; hence t&ftlog;
<x/ib<xjji, a gathering or bringing
in the corn from the fields to the
barns or corn-yard.

•Ct/tm, & weapon, arms ; le lama/im ji
mvx^be, with a hand-weapon of
wood. The Egyptian Hercules
is said to have used no other
arms but staves of wood.

•cT/imajl, an army ; also weapons,
arms, an armoury ; it forms <x/i-
rodla in the genitive.

d ftm<x;n, or <x;tm<xnn, an officer ;
hence is derived the name of Ar-
minius, the famous German gene-
ral.

<f ;ima;t<i, a check, or rebuke.

it/tmac, slaughter.

tt^im;nb;m, to worship, honour, or
reverence.

armorci,

the Britons of Low Brittany.
This word is compounded of.a/t

tf ft

and mo/i or ITKX/I, both together
signifying ad mare, or super

mare.

<f;tmt<x, armed.

•d ;tm<x;m,to arm ; tytma; jte, armed.
it/tmujntrea/t, let him be blessed;

an impersonal.
•cTftn, the genit. of <x/ux, the loin, or

flank ; Scot, the kidney ; 6 na

J)<x;/tn;B, from the loins.
{Tftrxvjb, a band.
tf /tncvjjjm, to pray ; rid. u/tnaj^m,

pnjtc<xb, batpxb, Uftnojgeab,,

prcedicabat, baptizabat, orabat.

— Vit. S. Putric.

if 71770.7 jre, p-o Ufincvjjre, prayers.
<f/tO;ll or <x/tcv;U, a great deal,

many,, &c. ; jUfi 6>bo; j fjcvb

•a^<x;U bo /i;dj<xluj& fan co-

moj/ile yjn, that they ordained

many wholesome laws in that

synod. — fid. Annales Tigher-

nachi, ad annum 1152.
tfyojte, a certain, or another ; ex.

j\o jro;ll/-;b <x;nje<xl <xn

b'o.;tO;le ^eano;/t, 50

cmdani viro sapienti

In somni-s apparuit et dixit, JL. B.
<f/to;le, or tx/t<vjlle, as much, as

many more ; ex. ^0 jrajvx/o OLD
al pcipa/to palljum <xn

Cljac, <^uf <x/ta;le <x Ccooac-
cajb <xju^ ^-an GOuman. Cardi-
nal Papyron left a Pallium at Ar-
magh, a Pallium in Dublin, and
an equal number in Connaught
and Munsier. — fid. Annales
Tighernachi . Clonmacnoisensis
Archidiaconi.
if ^t;t, a stau, or hind.

;, an image, a spectre, or
apparition.

/tftdcSOj tall, puissant, mighty,
brave.

^-, power.
, ornament.
tab, merchandize ; pi. <j.«t«uxjbe,
pedlars' <ioods, &c.
35

, convulsions; also a stitch.
cf/t;~a, old, ancient, stricken in

yeais.

<f/t^a/it;a, ancient.
<tj\t, a bear.

<f;tt:, a man's name, Arthur.
called from <xnt, a bear; like
the Gr. aicprocj ursus, or rather
from a,nt, noble, great.
<Tftc, noble, generous.
d/tt;, a stone; hence a^tene, gra-

vel, pebbles.

cf rtt, a tent, or tabernacle.
tf /ttcoj/teal, a quarry, or stone-pit,
, an article.
a ship ; u/t/ttv.
/it;t<x, an artery, or vein.
, to do, or make.

, to s3^-
, to increase or enlarge.

-, the way.
, the neck.

out of; ex. &f An b'c<xl(Xm,
out of the ground ; <\f <xn ctj/t,
out of the country ; Lat. «6.?.
^-, is equal to am and ?.s in Eng-
lish ; ex. ap me <xn tr; a^ roe, 1
am that I am ; ci/~ cijcne ba;tr^e
e, he is known unto thee.
f often comes before a compara-
tive degree, and then always be-
gins a sentence, (just as r>) bap
always stands in the body of a
sentence,) and is equal to the
Latin verb sum in any person of
the present tense ; ex. <xr n
(Domnal na (Donca, Daniel is
bigger than Donogli.
, a cascade, or fall of water.
~ and <v^t\, a shoe.
-ac, shod.

-ab, out of thee, from thee ;
<ty-d.ro, out of me.

kindling; also stopping,
standin.

, to remove.
, to rest, or stay.
tf;-<x;/ie, a shoemaker ; Hob.
it, comtria.dt.

, an ass.

, a stocking, or hose; Wei.
hosan.
<fy-a/ilajacat, magic, divination

by herbs.

• /cf^cajm, to ask for, to beg, to be-
seech ; ftob a^cajb 0/t; jjbe a/t
eujnaj/ic <xn 7?j;i;, #?« postula-
vit a Brigida propter amorem
Regis. Vid. Brogan. The Saxon
word ask is visibly of the same
root.

•cT^cal, a conference, or talking
together, conversation.
l, a forcible onset.
l, the flowing or swelling of
the tide.

l, an increase.

and a^atlan, the
arm-pit ; 0^-5 al and oc^al, the
same ; Germ, achsel, and Belg.
oxel, the arm-pit; Lat. axilla,
Gall, aiselle.

-aa/i, a guest ; nj Bu b/tonac an
ta/"ca/i, non contristatus est
hospes.

t, a soldier, or champion.

<{fcu, and eapiu, an eel; apiu
<x;/ijte, a conger-eel.

•cT^"c;^it:, tow, or wadding .used in
charging a gun ; <x^c<x/it<\.c, zW.

•Cf^cn<x;m, to mount, to ascend, to
come, to approach ; also, to en-
ter into; boycnam jrl<xt<x^ m;c
tr)u;/ie, «6/ intrandum in Reg-

num ftlii Maries.
^ •
•u^-cn<xm, ascension.

•cfy-ba, of them, out of them; <x
t:o.;b pcib tan <x^ba pe;n, they
are self-willed ; i. e. they are full
of themselves.— 2 Pet. 2. 10.

<T^b<x^t and <xjbjO;i, vid.
a journey, potius <i

<(}-e<xb, yes, yea ; Wei. ysser.

•CLfjon, a crown.

tt}-l<xc, a request, or petition.

•CCflac, temptation.

•cT^lu;b;m, to beg, to request, to
beseech; also to tempt;
36

b;m o/it, I beseech you.

, a search, or discovery.

<xrrK\b, a rib; <x <x^-
n<x;b, his ribs ; Wei. asen.
, ribbed, having ribs,
and o^-n<xb, a sigh, a groan.
c, a hewer of wood or
stone.

, a stranger, potius <xc-

, plates ;

a tu;/vj jnjb, greaves of 'brass up-
on his legs.

ap^ujt an j/^<xn, it was
sunset.

, a porter.

and artat, a spear or jave- t
lin ; Lat. hasta.

inwards ; leacta a^"-
teac, flattened inwardly, com-
pressed ; a^b; j or a^t; j, with-
in ; also at home.

, to travel, to go afar off.
, to bear or carry aside,
to remove.

and apiannac, a «.'
stranger.

B, from you, out of you.

, kindling.

, from me, out of me.
-Ctt, a rising in the skin or flesh, a

swelling.
tf t, milk.

•cTta roe, ata;m, I am ; a ta ta
and a tao;^;, thou art ; a ta
ye, he is; a ta pb, you are;
cjonuf a ta tti ? how do you
do ? Hisp. como esta tu ?
cTtac, a request, or petition.
•cTta;m, to swell ; bo at bo cOf,

thy foot is swoln.
•cftajmeact, redemption.
xttajf, woe, desolation, destruc-
tion.

<tta;^eac, desolate, full of sor-
row.

<Tta;^eac, woeful, destructive ;
c/teac ata;^-eac, a destructive
plundering.

, garlands, Acts, 14. 13 ; also
a sort of hood, cowl, or bonnet.
<Tt<x;-, victon".
•Cfcb<xc, an attack. ^
-etc, a ford ; pi. or an no. ; -cfccljat,

Dublin ; -U.'ctao.;n, Athlone.
•CTtr, just, lawful.

<Cta, r?//g. rata, a green, a plain,
an open place, a platform ; hence
ceanata, the human face.
ta, the cud ; ruma.
tac, a giant ; pi. <xt<vj j ; also a
plebeian; corrupts jratac.
, waves.
, a request.

c jaojte, a blast of wind.
•cTc<x;le, inattentiveness.

embers, coals;

, a father ; <xc<x;/t
a godfather ; <xca;/t altritoma, or
<ilr/t<xnn<Xf-, a foster-father ; <x-
t<vj;t cteamncx, a father-in-law;
<it<x;n jr<xo;7~;b;n, a father-con-
fessor ; Gr. Tren-jjp, and Lat. pa-
ter, Goth, atta, Cantab, aita,
Frisiorum lingua, haite. Confer
illud Pompei Festi: attain pro
reverentia seni cuitibet dicimus
quasi eum ari nomine appelle-
mus; hinc attavus. Hesychius
says that the Cretans meant by
the word eittas what the Greeks
meant by -ouc Trartpac; the old
Greek word arra had the same
signification. — J'id. Francisci Ju-
nii Glossarium Gothicum ad Vo-
cem, atta, ad Calcem Codicis
Argentei.

, the herb called ground-

. . r .

<tca;/t-b;ob(Xb, a patrimony ; <it<xjrt
calamcw, yarrow ; Lat. mellifo-
lium.

•Ctt:<i;x") reproach ; also confusion ;
written also <x;tjp

, to revile, to reproach;

same.

37

c, reviling, rebuking, &c.
l, deaf; idem quod cvbal.
•cTc<x/tbact:, a patrimonial right, or

hereditary property.
<ft<inb<xjm, to adopt, to make the

son of another man capable of

inheriting your own estate.
Cf C<xnb<xb, adoption ; also that which

belongs to a person by the here-

ditary right of kindred, or of

adoption.

<Tta;t5<x;B, importunity, solicitation.
•crca/t5<x;m, a conflict, or skirmish.
•cTt:aitm<xct;<xb, parricide, a patre

mactando. — PI.
iTca/t/tujab, to exchange, to re-

move.

<ft<x/t^u jab, a difference.
•cCcbac, strength.
<Tcb<xc, a different time.

, a complaint; rid.

nab, a chewing the cud.
<ltca;t:e, worn, cast off.
-cTcc<xnt<x;;ieo.ct;, recantation.
<Ttc<i;^t:, a repairing ; also a re-
newal of one's lease or other
right or privilege.
•Cttca/ttoj/t, a restorer, or renewer

of a lease, charter, or privilege.
<frc<x^<x;m, to return ; also to un-

twist.

•Cf tc'd^-ba, returned ; also twisted ;
ex. 7~ncit <xtc<^ba, twisted yarn.
iTtcojab, a rebellion.
, to rebel.
tan, a register.
t, short, abridged.
, an abridgment.
/iKxc, asking, or inquiring.
<tcco;ft;t:e, repaired, mended ; <XC-

coj\u jab, id.

•cCcc/t^b, restitution, or restoration.
•cTtCftAjm, to restore, or recover.
<Ct:cu;n£e, a repeated request or

petition; rid. cujnge.
ttccujnj^m, to request, entreat, or
beseech ; orcujnjjm 0/ttr, I pray
thee.

rf U

, banishment, exile.
•cftcu/i, a surrender.
lft:cu;/i;m, to give up, to surrender;

ex. j\d <xtcu;;t <x j:ea/t/t<vjnn a;/-i,

he gave him up his lands ; also to

banish or exile out of a country.
•cTtb/tu;b;n), to open,
tl tjccy, a new growth, or a second

growth.

•cf tjrcyajitt, to grow again,
if t j<xb<x;l, retaken spoils.
•eft jab <x; m, to resume.
•Cftj<j.;/t;b, short.
•cftrj;<x;/te, a brief, an abridgment,
tftjlacojm, to resume, to take

back.

•Cttjl<xn<xb, to cleanse anew.
•cCtglant<x, refined, burnished, or

polished.
•Cftlab, a wound or scar received in

battle or elsewhere.
•tTtlajab, a delaying, or putting

off.

•Cftlam, quick, brisk, nimble,
•cftlejtjbe, requited, retaliated. —

Lhuyd.
•Cft-lu<x;n, Athlone, a barony in the

County of Roscommon, also the

town itself.

ro, store, great treasure.
, to give up, or deliver.

tttnu<xb<x;nn, to repair, to make
anew.

a reparer, re-
storer.
•cft/ieo^, to improve, amend, or

manure.

<Ct7t;uc<xc, a man that removes
from one country to another ;
also a captive in a foreign land.
ab, variableness, inconsi ancy ,
j, he arose, or removed. — /*'.

, to remove, to change.
t/iu; jte, of captivity.
tfuj jeabab, a second proof.
tfccmma/t^horrible, detestable.

redemption ; pothis

, a wherry, a small river-

boat, to transport passengers.
•cftt;a;ce, i. e. <ib tttjce, hard by,

near you.
tttceogab, a dwelling, or habita-

tion.

<ftr/t<x;be, in the first place. — F.
•dttjn, furze, or gorse.
-dca;b, space.
if ub<vct, death.
'tfc/ball<x;m, to be deaf, or hard of'

hearing; vid. aball; Tl. ex. Cl.
•cfu/tjno.;^-, or etx/tjna, an exalted

or noble prayer.

REMARKS ON THE LETTER b.

b is the second letter of the Irish alphabet, as well as of most oilier
alphabets ; it is the first consonant, and is called a labial letter, because
the lips are mostly used in the formation of it. In Irish manuscripts of
late ages it is written for p, both b and p being made commutable one
Avith the other, as in the words bub, black, bo;15, to them, bcx, it -was, they
write bup, p<X, &c., which is also the case with the Greeks and Latins,
for the former write ftiKooc for 7nf:/)oo> amarus ; and the Latins wrote
poplicola and publicola indifferently, and populus and publicus ; also
scriptum, and not scribtwn, from scribo. !By putting a tittle or point
over this letter in Irish (which is a late invention, being not to be found
in any old parchments,) it sounds like the Latin r, consonant, as wi> have-
no such letter in our alphabet, which is the case of the Greeks, though
38

b <£ b <f

their )3 or beta, is often rendered in Latin by v, as Gr. flappov, Lat.
Y>, Gr. fiipyi\iog, Lat. tlrgilius, Gr. pivrrj, Lat. vita, Irish beata,
and when tittled it sounds v eat ha, vita ; the name of this consonant in
Irish approaches much closer in sound and letters to the Hebrew name
of the said letter than either the Chald. 3. or the Gr. |3, it being in Irish
be;r, and in Hebrew rv3. JV3 signifies a house in Hebrew, and boc
in Irish is a very common name for an open house or tent. It is to be
observed that the Irish consonants b, c, b, g, £, t, by a full-point or
tittle set over any of them, do thereby lose their simple strong sound,
and pronounce after the manner of the Hebrew consonants, 3, n. *T>
J, D, Jl, which are simply and genuinely aspirates. On the other
hand, it is to be particularly noticed, that the now-mentioned Hebrew
consonants, by them called r»DD TJD, memoriae causa, by fixing a dages/i,
or full-point, in the middle of any of them, do thereby also lose their
simple aspirate sound, and pronounce strong, like the Irish b, c, b, g, p,
t: ; so that the addition of a full-point to any of those Irish consonants
changes it immediately into its corresponding letter of the Hebrewr ; and
again, the addition of a full-point to the above-mentioned Hebrew con-
sonants, changes them into their corresponding letters of the Irish. By
this kind of reciprocation between the Hebrew and Irish languages, the
antiquity of the Irish or Celtic seems to be sufficiently demonstrated ;
although it must be confessed, that the using a full-point in either of
the two languages is of a late invention, these consonants being naturally
wrote down, and the strong or aspirate pronunciation of them left to the
judgment of the skilful readers, who doubtless wanted no such points to
direct them ; thus the modem Spaniards who use the L and the v indiffe-
rently for each other, pronounce the word Liber, to drink, as if it, were
written Lifer, &c. ; as did also the ancient Romans, ex. hie se bivo om-
nibus suis bencfecit ; and Lid it for vidit, bixit for vi.rit, beto for veto,
boluerit for voluerit, Lendere for vendere, &c. — V'uL Lhuyd. Compar.
Etymol. p. 22.

Oci, were, have been, the preter-
perfect tense of the verb b;m, to
be, to live, Gr. jStoc, vita, and
)3tow, vivo, ex.^bo ba me, I was,
bo ba tu, you was, bo ba J~Q, he

T was. &c.

Oa, theplur. of bo, cows; Lat. bos,
and Gr. /3<oc, MoL

OCx, good.

Oa, death.

Oa, under ; ex. ba ape, under the
body.

OcKXjn, rectius buajn, to cut, or

.. mow down; bo bua;n luacmx, to
cut rushes.

39

Ov\an, matrix bovis, the matrice of
a cow, PL ; it is vulgarly called
bftucvn, and understood to be the
skin which covers the calf in the
matrice, and is discharged after
the calf.

Oo.bo.cc, sweetness, innocence; Lat.
LaLa-s, a baby or fool ; Gr. /3a-
j3a£, talkative.

Qu.ban, a baby.

OCxbun, a bulwark. — PL

Oo.c, a hindrance or impediment;
b<xc<xjl, idem ; bo cu;t bac Oj\j\-
t<x, he hindered them.

l\\c«c and bacab, lame, halting;

n; ;o^* copx <xn
n<xnn, tlie legs of the lame are
not equal.
bo.c<x;m, to hinder, to frustrate, or

impede.

0<xca;^eac, impeding, or obstruct-
in y
6.0
<xco,l and bo.col, a staff, a crosier;

Lat. baculum.
Oacalto., baked.
Oacan, the hinge of a door ; <vj/t <x

b<xcan<x;B, upon its hinges, from

b<x;c, which signifies a crooked

turn, or bending ; Wei. bach, a

hook.
Oac<xt, a captive, or prisoner. — PL

ex. CL
Oo.cc, a shepherd's crook ; Gr.

/3a£rpov, and Lat. baculum. —

1 F-

Oacc;m, to crooken, or make
crooked.

Oo.c, a breach ; also a violent at-
tack or surprise.

Oac, drunkenness; Lat. bacchatio.

b<xc<x;/ie, a drunkard, a baccho;
vid. be;ce. — PI.

Oaco.ll, clipping, shearing.

b<xco.fi, an acorn; Lat. baccliar,
the herb lady's glove.

0<xcl<x, a cup, or chalice. — PL

0<xct<xc, curled, frizzled.

b<xcla, an armful.

bac-tamac, disabled in the hand
or arm.

0<xclu5rt<x, a surfeit from drinking.

7 P.1:

OactOfttnan and b<xctO|tan, the

noise of drunkards.

bcxcojb;m, to go by crutches. — PL

bo.ctf«xc, the name of an Irish
Druid, who is said to have dis-
covered to his prince, from an
eclipse of the sun, the Passion of
our Saviour the very time it hap-
pened.

bacul, a stick, or staff; Lat. ba-
culus.

Oacul earpujc, a bishop's staff or
40

1 crosier.

Oab, a boat; Wei. bad, and Fr.

bateau.

0<xbb, the north.
b<xbb, a tract of land.
b<xbb, the Roiston crow; also any

ravenous bird, as a vulture, &c.
Oabb, i. e. be<xn tuat<xc, or beon-

pje, a fairy-woman vulgarly

supposed to belong to particular v/»

families.
0<xbb, a scold, a quarrelsome wo-

man.

c, warlike.

and bo-jcx/i, threatening ;

a mbo.5<xj/i, their threats.
0<x^<x;/it;, idem; pi. baga/icojje,

threats.
Oaj, a battle; and bctjje, the

same.
60,5, a kindness, respect, friend-

ship.

Oaj, a word.

Oagcxc, fond, kind, sympathetic.
baja;m, to promise.
bajalac, dangerous; baogcxl<xc,

the same.

bu jtr^o;b;iT), to wrangle, chide.
bo.;, the same ; as b;, ba; ye, he

was.
bajc, a twist or turn, a crooked-

ness or bent ; Wei. bach, a

crook.
b<x;cbea/il<x, a solecism, i. e. a

crooked reasoning. — PL
bojcjm, to touch.
Octjb, a wave.
ipcxjb, love.
Odjbe, gratitude, alliance, amity ;

<x ta ba;be mo/-i <xj(xm lejf, I

have a great kindness for him.
bcgbe, prediction; and b<xo;be,

the same.

ba;becxc, a comrade, or coadjutor.
ba;beac<x^, grace or favour.
ba;beab, or bat<xb, to drown;

ba^bp; je<x^t e, he will be drown-

ed ; ba;cpb an t;/i, they shall

overflow the land.

pa;bce, drowned.

ua;b;n, a little boat.

OCv7ppj<xr"t;, a toad. — PL

O<i; jjm, to talk, to speak to.

Ud; j;n, a waggon. — PL

Oajjle, a fawn; ex. <xt cona/tc
b^<ijce<xiT) <xcu^- b/tu, <xcu^* bci) j-
le e<xtOftftu: ^oc<x;be bo beat

bab <x pxou, i. e. I saw a
hart and hind, and a fawn be-
tween them; this tribe stalked
through the plain, where they
fell victims to a wolf.
Oa;l, a place; hence b<vjle, a vil-
. lage, ball being the same.
O'ajl, put for bub <x;l, as r.jop. ba;l
lej^ me;^reacr, he would not
hear me.

U<x;l, prosperity, good-luck.

0<x;lc, bold ; also straight.

0<v;llcfie<xc:<xb, trembling.

0<x;le, home, as jmr; j a ba;le, go
home.

Oa;le, a city, town, or village ;
Lat. villa, quasi billet, b and v
being correspondent and corn-
mutable letters ; pi. b<vjlte. —
N. B. This Celtic word btxjlte,
and the Lat. vallis are originally
the same, as the ancients always
built their habitations in low
sheltered places, near rivers or
rivulets.

0<x;lle;n, a little bubble, a boss or
stud.

O<x;lle;n, drink.

OcLjlm, balm, or balsam.

Oajloj, a twig, sprout, or sucker.

0<x;n, the first person of the pre-
sent of the imperative of the
verb bajnjm, to pull, cut down,
or take from.

Oa;n, a drop ; pi. b<x;nnj5, bo b<x;n-

Cu;m;n

.

0<x;nceab<xc, authorized, an autho-
rized person.

41

brf

, it belongs. — PL
0<vjncl;curiu;l, a mother-in-law ;

bu.;ncl;amu;n, a mother, or daugh-

ter-in-law.

Oa;nc;i;otd., white clay. — PL
pajnbedftj, flesh-coloured.
Oa;nb;a, a goddess; b<x;nbujlecuf,

the same.
Oa;ne, whiter, of the comparative

degree.
Oajne and bajnne, milk ; bxx;nne

;te<ima;t, thick milk ; rid. lactr.
0<ijnea6t:, the actions of a heroine,

i. e. eact; ban, no mna; also
- woman-slaughter. — K.

a ferret.
a wedding-feast ; vulva

.

Oa;nj:o;b, first person of the fu-
ture of the indicative of the verb
b<i;n;m.

Oa;np;^;n^jne, the epicene gen-
der, from be;n put for feminine,
and fe<Xfi for masculine, and
Jjyjne a gender; but there is
no such gender in the Irish, nor
in the Hebrew, Syriac, or Chal-
dean languages, they having only
two genders, masculine and fe-
minine, proper to distinguish the
two sexes, male and female, which
is the office of a gender to do.

Oajnp/teaj^ab, a bond, or stipu-
lation.

pajnjrjb, they shall take,

p<x;nj, on a sudden, by surprise. ~-

Oa;n je<x^;t<xct, a goddess. — PL

Octjnjbe, rage, fury, madness; <x;^i
bu;le jf ajri ba;n;be, mad and
furious ; also silly, lunatic.

Oa;n;m, to belong to; nac ba;-
n;onn pjf, that doth not belong
to him ; b<vjnjb, they belong.

0<xjn;m, to pull, to hew or cut
down, to take from ; bojnjro
fop, I pull a wisp; b<tj/7;m
Cft<xnn, I cut down a tree ; baj-
n;m b;or, I take from you.

Oa;n;ofl and b<xnb<x, female; leon

ba;n;on, a lioness.
0<x;n;<ijtla, a countess.
Odjneanto., effeminate.
Ou.;nleoiTwn, a lioness.
0<x;r)i;<xj, a doctress, or woman-

chirurgeon.
p<x;n/t;ojan, a queen.

a feast; genii of b<x;n-

c, retired, desolate.

0<vjn^e<xj<xb, desolation, destruc-
tion.

0<X)r)fp;/teo5, a sparrow-hawk. —
1 1.
<x;nt;d;tn<x, a lord's lady.

0<X)nt/teo.b, a widow ; jrxxn <xb b<x;n-
t;ieab<x; j, remain a widow.

p<x;;tce, strong, brave, valiant.

O<x;^be7^*, the end ^ or point; ex.
b<x;/tbe;^ <w cl<x;b;ii), the point
of a sword.

0(Vjfte<xb, a bonnet, or cap, or any
sort of head-dress, from ba/t, the
head, and e;be, or eab<xc,
clothes. This word is otherwise
written b;^ieo.b, and in the vul-
gar Greek there is jStpprjra, and
in Latin biretum, Germ, baret,
Ital. baretta, Sclavon. baretta.

Oajfie, a goaling, a military kind
of exercise played with a ball
and hurly, greatly practised
among the Irish ; bajfie coiflOfi-
t<*.)f, a great goal played be-
tween two counties, or two baro-
nies.

n, the ribberies, or cross
sticks, or side timbers, between
the rafters of a house.

OajjxefC, the froth of water, or any
other liquor when boiled.

Oaj/ijean, rectius ba;/ijn, a cake ;
6<x^e<w<x o^na, barley cakes;
Lat. farina, in the Welsh bar a
signifies bread ; and in the Or.
is any meat ; in the Heb.
, any food, and Heb.
42

comedit, refecit se pastu. — Vid.
Buxtorf, Lexic.

0<x;/i;teabu<ib and b<Xftji<xbu<xbb<x;l,

a trumpet, or sounding horn ;

bo rejb <x b<x/t;i<xbuab, he sound-

ed his trumpet.

0<xjfijje<xn, a floor, a plot of

ground.

p<x;^nn, a firebrand.
Oti;;ine<xc, perverse, angry, morose.
Octj/ibealg, a hair-bodkin.
p<x;;te<xbtjtom, quick, nimble.
0<x;/rj<xt, a shoe-latchet; also the

cover of a book.
0<x;/i;n, a cake of bread ; vid.

b<x;;tje<xn.
p<i;/-i^eact:, a satire.
0<x;jt;~50;5, the top of the wind-

pipe.

y*Wf)tp> brawling.
0&1f> or b<x^-, the palm of the
hand ; pi. ba^<x and
boij^e, a handful.
0<j.;^c<x;l and
, raddle.
ba;^*cne, a tree.
Ocvj^be, Baptist, as Co;n

John the Baptist.
O<x;^be<xb, baptism ;
, idem.
, to baptize.

, palm, or hand's-breadth.
0<Xjnreilt, pride, arrogance, haugh-

tiness.

Oa;^eoj<xb and b&^u j<xb, to die,
to perish ; bo cum nac bcxj^eo-
c<xb ^e, that he should not pe-
rish.

0<xj^;;nne<xc, a barony in the west
of the County of Clare, the es-
tate of the Mac-Mahons of Tho-
inond, but anciently of the

recl-

(lisli.

, a bason. X
, an ox.

flesh-coloured, red-

(Xc, rain, severe weather ;

b d

b<r

genit tejftm ; on boja bo;r-

r-je. the rainbow.

jijmdjp, one that baptueth.
I >a/teocT nrfsr-fl boboc, a clown.

6&jbte. drowned.
Oi-rrS. j-"1 -:-i-r:?5 ~-e. tha: I rnav

Hot out.
bajtjT*. the pate ; bajt-hr on cjnn,

die crown of the head ; it is the

genitive of bazraj*.

j.7. 3. stick, or htne start.

a place; an bal, or 4jyt an

bal, on tiie spot, instantly.
boloc, a giant; alao a conceited

spark.— P/.
boloc, a fellow, (or as the Scots

say) a chill, from booc-looc, a

foolish lad.
bolob, a smell, scent, or savour ;

Lat. adoratus ; also the smell,

one of the senses.
O-_uj.tje. rron", advantagK
O<U.5, a stammering person, tongue-

tied; and Heb. %3, cow^ir*?

/ogrm, node boiel, I at. battnts.
OoI5ah, to become mute, &c. ; bo

EalBdtxirt na &f«e<ijbe<il5a, the

false oracles were struck dumb ;

Lat. baUnitio, and telfaeimar.
, die diniiimtiw? of boIB, a

mute, dumb, or tongue-tied per-

T .

Oa;l5ey die act of stammering.
Dole, a hardness or crustiness in
the surface of the earth, caused
by dry weather.

Dole, strong, stout, mighty*; WeL
hj proud, arrogant.
a man of letters, or erudi-
tion.

an open, or great gap.
and tal, a place, or spot ; boll
coiiiHfTT, a place of habitation,
or abode.

Doll, a limb, or member; pL I»O|U
or &o;ll; Greek |uXocT mem-
brwn.

ball, a stain, spot, or speck, either
natural or artificial; hence bot-
43

lac, speckled,
batta, a wall or bulwark; Lat.

vallum f pL boUajfce.
ballon, a teat or dug. — PL
ballon, a shell; ballon

», a churn, or madder.

to divulge, or re-
port.

Oallajrtoab, a setting forth, a pub-
a declaration. — PL

PL

die jomts, die limbs. —

k a lobster.

'a blot, spot, or speckle;
pll bollfjobo.
Ootao, balm. *+~
OobnuTJeob, to embalm,
bohro, a welt or border ; pi. bol-

Dtf

trojTc. — ii.
!? _ur.vv;r. i-?~!?r*, boMi.
ban, white ; laj/rt Can, a white

mare; Lat. <rxwr«, by changing

the initial letter b into c.
fan, true, certain.

. copper. ^ i
i, waste, uncultivated; hence

pojjric bajn, a waste field.
bon,L e. rjjtjmie, truth,
ban, pro bun, die foot or pedestal

of any thing.
Don, usual, common; bo ban and

bo lojtg, usually; and bonob,

the same. — PL
ban, light
Oana, death.
OonoS, an abbess.
bonoB, and bonoBp, a socking -

bonob, g« bonob, usually.

bonob, to waste; bonpi/jeort c,
it shaO be wasted.

bono job, pillaging, or plunder-
ing.

bono^w, to make waste or deso-
late; also to blanch or whiten.

banajw, to grow pale.

facC

a feast, or a wedding-en-
tertainment.
Oanajteac, serious. — PI.
y>anattr/ta, a nurse.
Oanamalta, shame-faced.

pana/ta, a maid-servant.

yancx^<xl, a she-ass.

Oanb', or banban, a pig, a slip.

Oanba, an ancient name of Ire-
land.

Oancejle, a wife, or spouse.

Oancojgle, a cup-gossip, a she-
companion.

pancojmbeact, a waiting-maid.

Oancongantra, a midwife.

pancuntajm, to stipulate.

Oanc/iirjt;;/ie, a woman that plays
on a harp or violin.

Oancujfleantic, a woman-piper,
or one that plays upon a wind-
instrument.

Oa;nj:eabanac, the same.

Oanba, female, modest.

Oanbe and ba;nb;a, a goddess.

Ocxnb/uiab, or banb/iujbe, a sorce-
ress.

pane, a wave. — PI.

pan j: &; j, a prophetess.

Oanjceabmanac, a waiting-woman,
or house-keeper.

n&nj:lu-gf&,jluxus muliebris. — PI.

Oanjrlajt, a lord's lady.

Oanruabac, a rape.

Dang, a nut. — Fid. Glossar. Ve-
tus.

Oanj, a reaping.

Oanj, the touch.

6an£ab, a promise.

6<xnj<x;^-je<xb<xc, a woman-cham-
pion.

Oan j<xt, the same ; ja;!, or ja;^-
ceab mna, idem.

Dan mac, a son-in-law.

/)anmata;/i, a mother-in-law.

Oann, a marching, or journeying.

6<xnn, a band of men.

Oann, a law, or proclamation ;
banna imperialia, the banns of
44

the German Empire ; banna ma-

frimonialia, the banns of mar-

riage; hence also bann eag-

lu;^e, ecclesiastic censure.
0<xnn, a deed or fact.
6<xr>;), death.

O<xnn, a ball. — PI. ex. Cl.
Ddnn, a censure, suspension, or in-

terdict.

Otxnna, a band, or troop.
Cannae, i. e. gnjomac, actual, or

active.

Oannac, a fox.
6dnnaom, a woman-saint.
Odnnlam, a cubit, a bandle ; bann-

lam eaba; j, a bandle of cloth.
Oannleannaim, to act the part of a

midwife.

, an arrow, a dart.

ac, licensed, autho-

rized. — Pi.
Oann^o/m, a kind of griddle or

bake-stone ; Lat. fornax, fur-

nus, clibanus.
Oanojlac, a servant-maid; bano-

jtac an c;a/ino., Ancilla Do-

mini.
Oan/i<xc, a fold ; ban;t<vc cao/-iac,

a sheep-fold.
Oan/tac, a smock or shift.
Oan^gal, a woman ; ex.

a/t peaba^fi, rfj <\f tuc bam <xn

te be;/t cu, woman, I know not

the man, says Peter; jy t^te

banzai ta;n;j ba^ bon bjc, it

is by a woman that death came

into the world. — Pid. teab<x/t

b/teac.

n^-jlaBa, a bond-maid.

n^cot, a son-in-law. — PI.
Oan/-ea;i, or ban^ea/t<xc, a mare-

colt,

Oanta, a niece.
Oao jal, peril, danger ; a mbao jat

caca, in the perils of a battle.
Oaojlac and baojatac, perilous,

dangerous.

, lust, concupiscence.

, levity, vanity, madness;

b<xo;r n<x bojge, the follies of

youth ; ceac baojj-e, a bedlam.
Oao;^-cjot, lascivious.
0<xo;p;eac, a brothel, or bawdy-

house.

Qaopc/tejbmea j, credulous.
Oao^, fornication.
O<xot, weak, soft, simple ; co

6<xot, simple talk.
p<xotc<x;^-;T, riotous, profuse.
Dan, sometimes used for hup, your;

jo-ftt:, you shall be unto me as a
kingdom of priests.

06.fi, a son ; Heb. 13, filius, as
njV 13, the son of Jonah ;
bo. j-ba/t, a good son / rid. the
Irish Poem of Eocha O'Floinn ;
ex. <fbna.;iT) bo ??Jj ncx nbu;le
bo ba-6d;tft b;5fl <Xft nbo.o;ne.
From this word ba/t comes the
word bdfifidn and btXft/tanac, a
young man ; commonly pronounc-
ed beaftftandc. — Vid. bea/ta-
n<xc, Scotice beirn.

6<x;t, a learned man.

Od/i, or bcx/t^t, the head or top of
any thing ; hence ba.j\f\jn,rectius
b<x/tb;on, a cover for the head, a
cap or mitre ; catba/t^, a hel-
met ; \Vel. bar, the top of any
thing.

6a/t, the hair of the head.

Oa/t, the overplus of a thing ; also
advantage ; as

, sway, excellency ; piug ft <xn
ba^, he bore the sway.

0<i^, the top or summit of any
thing ; Armor, bar, and Cantab.
barua, hinc the Italian barruca,
and the French perruque.

OO./KX, to go, to march.

O<x/t<x, anger.

6<x/t<x, the palm of the hand.

Od./tama;l, a supposition, a conjec-
ture, or opinion ; b^iOc-Boi^a-
ma;l, a bad thought or opinion ;
45

t>o pejp. mo ba^tamlac, according

to my opinion or conjecture.
0<x/t<xmla;m, to suppose, or conjec-

ture.
Oa/tamoc/te, the plant called worm-

wood; Lat. absinthium.
0\x/i<xnn, a degree, or step ; also a

stroke.
0<Xftant<x and b<Xftdnta^, a war-

rant ; also confidence.
0<x/tant<im<xjl, warrantable, authen-

tic;

commission.

><Xfib<x, severity.

oj, the barbery-bush.
a storm ; also much.
a/tc, a small ship or bark.

a book; unde b
libran-.

Oa/tb, a poet ; Lat. bardus, pi.
ba;^ib ,• Brit, bardh, a mimic or
jester, a poet.
/tba^, a lampoon, or satire.
d/tjibaj jea.cc and Ba;^beaml<xct,
a writing of satires, or other re-
viling rhimes.
6a/ibama.;l, addicted to satires or

lampoons.

Od/tj, burning, red hot.
0<x/tn, a judge ; Wei. barn, judg-
ment

, a fight or battle.
, irf. <jrfl?. ba/t : ba ba^^, over
and above, also the height or
top of any thing ; b<i^-cu;H; j, a
stumbling, or falling headlong.
/ifi, b/t;u;r>, c<icb<x/t;t, a helmet,
because worn on the head.
/tfi, the hair of the head
the head.
, an end.
suet.
, a bar.

ci/1/ux, the fat of the pot
, grease.

tow; fn&jt
threads of tow.

/t^<xca^, overplus; also great
sway.

also

also

brf

be

l, the tops or lop-branches
of trees ; ba/t/tajlac, id.
paft/iajbeact, id. q. bajtftaca;".
6<Xft/i<x; j;n, a mitre ; vid. ba/t.
pa/tfiajft, borage.
oa/iji<xm<x;l, gay, genteel.
, curled hair.
, a box, a pannier, a ham-
per.

Oa/tpioj, a young girl ; the dimi-
nutive feminine of ba/t ; bajt/toj-
%jn,id.

Oa/i/ioj, a knot.
Oa/t/ioj, an oppression or stitch in

sickness.

Oapifiog, a grappling, or seizing, a
fastening-hold taken in wrestling,
alias bu^t/iog.

, a wattle to make a wyth.

, to take fast hold of.
af, death; Heb. ttfK3, putruit,
fcetuit, 1 Sam. c. 13, v. 4, for
death submits the body to stench
and rottenness.

, the palm of the hand ; ba^ a,
the palms; bua;lp;b pab <x
robapx u;me, they shall clap
their hands at him.
l, judgment.
t, pride, arrogance.

, the base in music.
pa;-ba;;ie, a fencer.
Oa^b/tujbeac, leacherous.
Oaf c, red or scarlet.
OafC, round.

Oaf cae;b, a basket ; baf ce;b, id.
naf cajftro, a circle.
6a^c<x/inac, lamentation ; also

stammering.

Oa^ca/it, cinnabar. — P/.
Oa^c-cd^inte, globular.
O<Xf-c-c;i;<xb, raddle.
O<v^-b<x/ib, a bastard.
Oa^e, the base, a basis.
Oa^a;ni, to stop or stay, to check,

to drown.

0(X^a;;ie, a mournful clapping of
hands; ex. go jt<vjb <xn c<xt<x;/t
46

u;le co aonra;
.— L.B.

, carnificina.

XfOjlle, a vassal, or tenant. — >
F. C.

, fate or fortune,
•u jab, a putting to death.

Oat and bata, a staff or stick, x'

Qatajl, threatening or terrifying.

Oat and ba, pi. of bo, kine, or
cows ; f eact mbat, seven cows.

Oat, the sea.

Oat, a bay. J(

Oat, death, slaughter, murder.

Oatajnte, a booty in cattle.

Oatajf , baptism ; o jejn Cb^;OfC
50 <x b'atajf, from Christ's nati-
vity to his baptism. — L. B.

Oatam, to drown, to eclipse, to
blot out, or cancel.

Oatam, to die, to perish ; <vb bat
Gpu/ica, Morogh died.

Oataf , the top of any thing ; ba-
taf cjnn, the crown of the
head.

Oatjo/im, a kind of blue, or azure
colour.

Oatlac, a clown ; vid. balac.

Oatlan, a calm.

Oatlaob, a hat ; galerus. — PI.

pat/to;b, a token.

Oaty^tut, a calm ; also any part
of a stream that does not flow
rapid.

Oat/tOf, rosemary.

Oe, is ; noc a/t be, who is.

Oe, night.

Oe, a woman; bean or ben, idem;
pi. bejte, young handsome wo-
men.

Oe, the visage, or face.

Oeb', he died.

Oeab'am, to die.

Oeaj and beacan, a mushroom.

Oeac,abee; fa;te bead, a swarm

, of bees.

Oeact, a multitude.

Oeact, a circle, a ring, or com-

b e

be

pass; beact, perfect.
beacta, carriage, behaviour.
be<xcto,;ro, to compass, to embrace ;

beacca; jte, perfected.
be<xcb<ij;m, to certify or assure.
be<vcbaiT)<v/l, round.
be<xcl<xn<xc, a place where bee-

hives stand.
beac'lann, a bee-hive.
be<xc;uvjr>;m, to grieve or trouble.
beab, mournful or sorrowful news.
beo.bajbeo.ct, sweet-mouthedness,

or an epicurean taste.
Oe<xbajbe, a lover of dainties.
pe<xba;be<xn, a scoffer.
bed.bajbeo.nd.ct, scurrility.
be<xba;b;m, to act the parasite;

also to love sweet things.
beaban and be<xb<xn<xct:, calumny,

talking ill of the neighbour.
be<xban<xc, calumniating, given to

calumny.

be<xb<\7~, that shall be.
be<xg, little ; b/ionj <x;pi <x/< be<xj

j-jb, they that despise you ; bedj

nac, almost, in a manner.
beATdo, a little, a small quantity ;

Wei. bychan, small,
Oeo-jeajlac, void of fear.
be<xgtuac, despicable, of little va-

lue.
• be<xl, a mouth ; be<xl mo^i, a wide

mouth ; Wei. bill, AngL bill.
beal<x, to die; j<ic <xon tr<x;/tjn-

Zjof clojbecvm, ;/• 5 cto;be<xm

<xt beata : leab<x;i b/ie<xc, qui uti-

tur gladio, gladio peribit.
Oealac, a highway, a road or

path ; bea,lac <t/t ^lancv; jce, ria

salutis nostrce.
Oeatab, anointing.
be<xlb<xc, a bit ; be<xl6<xc f^jn,

the bit of a bridle.
be<xtc<x;nce<xc, talkative.
beatc/tab<xb, hypocrisy, devotion

in words ; unde be<xl-c^<xbac, a

hypocrite.

be<xlb;tu;b;m, to stop one's mouth,
47

or

to silence or nonplus.
Oed,tbun<xjm, idem.
Oe<xl^oc<n^5<x;n, a gargarism

washing of the mouth.
be<xlpotA^i<X5<xb, a gargling of the

mouth, id.

Oe<xt;z;o,c, prattling or babbling.
beatj/tab, dissimulation, false

love.
OeAt^<xjbt:eo.c, famous ; also prat-

tling, talkative.
be<xl^o.b, any language or tongue ;

bo bexx/ygrKXjb fe bom j<xc njb

n<x be<it;tab pe;n, he related all

to me in his own language. —

be<xlt<x;b and be<xlt<xn, dirty, fil-

, uncleanness.

Oe<xltra;ne, a compact, or agree-
ment.

be<xl-c;ne, or be;l-tr;ne, ignis belt
Dei Asiatici; i. e. t;ne-bejl,
May-day, so called from large
fires which the Druids were used
to light on the summits of the
highest hills, into which they
drove four-footed beasts, using
at the same time certain ceremo-
nies to expiate for the sins of the
people. This Pagan ceremony
of lighting these fires in honour
of the Asiatic god Belus, gave
its name to the entire month of
May, which is to this clay called
m;-n<x be<xl-t;ne in the Irish lan-
guage. Dr. Keating, speaking
of this fire of Beal, says, that the
cattle were drove through it, and
not sacrificed, and that the chief
design of it was to keep off all
contagious disorders from them
for that year ; and he also says,
that all the inhabitants of Ire-
land quenched their fires on that
clay, and kindled them again out
of some part of that fire. The
above opinion about the cattle is
confirmed by the following words

be

•

of an old Glossary, copied by
Mr. Edward Lhuyd : " b<x tene
bo jn;tey n
l<x;b mo/i<x;b

bo beftbjy n<x ce<xt:;ta en-
o/t teom<xnbu;b cecxx bl;<xb-
n<\." The mean sense of which
is, that the Druids lighted two
solemn fires every year, and
drove all four-footed beasts
through them, in order to pre-
serve them from all contagious
distempers during the current
year.

Oe<xn, a woman, or a wife; vid.
ben.

Oecin, a step, or degree.

Oean, he beat; and bearxvjm, to
beat; Anglo-Sax., to bang.

Oe<xn<xb and bean<x;m, to apper-
tain or belong to ; <xn n; Be<xn<xy
l;om, the thing that belongeth to
me ; also to touch, or meddle
with ; nci be<xn l;ono ; vid. b<x;n.

Oe<xno.b and b^<xn<x;m, to reap, to
shear, to cut ; bo 15e<ui<xba/i <xn
jrojiTxx/i, they reaped the har-
vest; beanj:<vjb me <x ceouxri b;,
I will cut her head off; rectius
bo b<x;ne<xba/i, b<x;nj:e<xb me.

Oe<xn<xb, dullness, bluntness.

Oe<xn<X5<xb, a salutation ; rectius
be<xnuj<xb.

Oe<xnan, the name of one of the
Irish saints, called in Latin Be-
nignus, who was the successor
of St. Patrick in Armagh.

Oe<xn<xnn, furniture, household
goods.

Oe<xncoba/i, a horn; be<xncofy<x,
plur. be<xncob<Xf«xc, horned, hav-
ing horns.

Oeanjan, a branch or bough ;
be<xn^a;n bo Cfi<wna;b t;ur<x,
branches of thick trees ; also the
tooth of a fork or trident.

6e<xnn, the top or summit of a
mountain or rock ; ba te<xnn
bear bean n a beola, the twelve
48

summits of beanntx beota, high
mountains in the County of Gal-
way ; also a promontory or head-
land towards the sea; as ben-
e<xba;/i, the hill of Howth to
the north-east of Dublin. But
notwithstanding these examples
it signifies properly any steep,
high hill, seeing we find it so
used throughout Ireland, Scot-
land, and Wales; it is of the
same origin with the Gr. j3ov-
vog ; in the Welch it is pen, as
pen-man-muir.

Oe<xnn, a horn, Lat. cornu.

Oe<xnn, i. e. horn, a drinking-cup,
because anciently drinking-cups
were of horn.

Oe<xnn<x b<x;^ice, a famous moun-
tain in the extremity of the
County of Derry in Ulster.

pe<xnn<xc, horned, or forked.

Oe<xnn<xc<x/i, or beoinncu;^, i. e.
be<xnn<x bo, cow-horns.

Oeanndct, a salutation ; also a be-
nediction. It is properly written

.
Oe<xnn<x;j;m, to bless, to conse-

crate; also to greet or salute;

bo betxnna; j ye t/t; ce<xtla, he

consecrated three churches ; be-

<uin<xj jte<x/< bu;t, God save you.
Oe<xnn<x; jte, blessed, consecrated.
Oeannog, a coifj or linen cap worn

commonly by women.
Oe<xnnu^<xb, or be<xnbu j<xb, a be-

nediction or salutation.
Oe<xnr)u; jce, blessed.
Oe<xnuj<xb, to recover; bo tie<xn

ye <xn tjomtun, he recovered the

whole.
Oe<\.n/t;oj<xn, a queen, as she is the

wife of a king, and not a jrj£-

be<xn, or sovereign queen.
Oe<x^, a spit; <v//t be<x;i<x;B ]:<xb<x

ponncojtt, on long wooden

spits.

, the beast called the bear.
a judge.

be

Oea/ta, spears, or javelins.

Oe<xn<i, Bearhaven, the name of a
territory in the most south-west
part of Ireland, extending from
near Glanroghty to Bantry Bay.
The country called Dea^td. for-
merly belonged to the O'Dris-
cols, who were of the tribe of
Dairinne and Ithian race; but
in late a^es to the O'Sullivans.
- Oea^KXb and be;n;m, to take or
cam* away, to bring; ex. bea-
fiu;b teo, they shall take with
them; bej;t le<xt <xm<xc, bring
away with you ; Lat. fero, and
Gr. 0£po», porto, aufero. Note
that the imperative be;/i, which
is the same with pejp, (the b as
well as the v consonant being
conimutable with jr,) agrees ex-
act!}^ with the Latin fer.

Oefyuxb and be;ft;m, to bear, to
bring forth ; bo be;/t co^<xb, to
bear fruit; this, as well as the
foregoing verb, makes its parti-
ciple bftejc, as <XT bfiejt leo,
carrying away with them; <ij
b/tejt cla;nne, bearing children :
and their perfect tense ftug, as
bo jtug te;^, bo ftug ^7 ctann ;
"Lai. fero, to breed, bring forth,
or bear; and Heb. *T&,jrwctUfs
and rr\%fructum edidit ; b, the
initial in bea^ab, and D, the
initial in the Heb. rHD, making
no difference ; Goth, bairan.
^Ajtcib and bejfvjm, to tell, to re-
late, which makes its perfect
tense bea^t, as <xb be<x/ic <xn
jrjte, fert poeta; <xb be;^;m,
vitlgo <x bej;tjm, corresponds
very closely with the same Latin
verb fero, to report, relate, or
say. This Irish verb in the first
sense is like the Greek and La-
tin ; in the second it agrees with
the Latin and Hebrew; and in
the last with the Latin only,
e/tan and bea/tanac, a young
49

/ O

man, a youth; Goth, and Is-
landice barn, Saxonice beam,
Scotice bent.

6e<xb<xb, a boiling or seething.

6e<x;tb'<xjm, to melt, dissolve, or
liquify; also to shave the beard,
rather than be<x/t/uvjm.

6e<i;tb6;/t, a barber.

6e<\rt£, a soldier, or champion.

Oeanj, anger.

Oeo.jt5<icb, diligence.

OeAfita, a language, or dialect ;
be<iftta no. pe;ne, the Fenian
Irish; be<x^il<i no. bjr;te<xb, the
Poetic Irish ; be<x/tl<* na be<x j-
<X;t^<xj;t, the style of the his-
toriographers ; gn<i;cbe<xnt<x, the
vulgar Irish. It is now used for
the English tongue, and is the
same originally with the French
parler, and the Italian parlare.
The Irish etymologists derive it
from beat, the mouth, and /tab,
a saying, i. e. any dialect or
speech ; but this seems an ab-
surd derivation.

Oe&ftn, a breach, a gap, a notch,
or crevice; be<x/tna;be tytujte,
repaired breaches.

6e<\./vt, short; Wei. byr, Corn,
and Arm. her.

6e<x^/ta, a spear, a spit; some-
times written b;0fi ; bjOft ;a/tujnn,
a spit of iron ; Lat. vent, Wei.
cor, and Ar. ber.

a pair of snuffers ;
the same.

clipping, shearing, or
cutting off; from bea^ajm, to
shave, or shear ; be<x^;tjr<\ j"e,
he will shave; <XT beajt/KXb <x
c<xo;«xc, shearing his sheep.
e<x^^i<xb, a piece, shred, or slice ;
also a segment.
)e<x^^an, gall ; also grief, smart,
angry.
, a razor.
, any satirical or bitter-

G

6e

tongiied man.

Oca/it, a bundle ; as bed/it tu; je,
bea/tt: jceu^i, a bundle of straw
or hay ; also any load.
Oea/it, a judgment.
Oca/it, clothes ; as co;^-bea/it,
shoes and stockings ; ceann-
bea/<it, hat and wig.
Oea/itr, said ; the third person, per-
fect tense of the verb bej;t;m, to
say ; <ib bea/it; an jr;le, vw/g-o
. abubajfit an jr;le.
Oeafit, the third person singular
of the perfect tense of flie indi-
cative mood of the verb bej/r/m,
to give ; bo bea/it, he gave.
Oea/it, to carry, to catch, hold,
bring forth ; is a perfect tense of
the verb be;/i;m. This word,
and the substantive it governs,
are often rendered in English
by the verb of the said substan-
tive; as bo bea/it;, or bo ;tug
le;m, he leapt. The difference
between those two verbs is, that
.lejWm, to give, hath an aspira-
tion on the initial letter 6 in the
present and future tenses, as be;-
jijro, or bo be;;i;n), I give ; bea/t-
f ab, bo bea/ijrab, vel bo bea/i,
I will give. But lejpjm, to car-
ry, &c. can never have the said
aspiration, and maketh fiujuf,
as well as bea/ttrur, in the first
person of the perfect tense, and
are both equally formed in all
other persons; nor can it have
bo before it in the present or
future tenses, as the other verb
hath.

Oea/tta; j;ro, to wield, or flourish,
as <XT bea/ttu jab <x c/iao;^eac,
wielding his spear, also to me-
ditate ; as bo be<x/itu;j fe <xn
^njom, he meditated on the fact ;
likewise to tuck up or gather, as
•VJjjb <xj bea/itu jab a b^a;t,
Brigida trussing her garment ; it
means to shrug or stir up ; as
50

)ft j:e;n <x meo-

bon <x <x;/tm <xju^ a eaba; je, he
manfully shrugged himself in the
midst of his military dress and
armour.

, a cast, a shot, or stroke.
, shaved, shorn ;
beci;i/it<x, a sharp razor.
ea/ita, boiled.
Oea/tto;/i, a barber, a shearer ;

6e<x/it6;/i, quasi b<x/tbato;/t.
Oea/tt;tdc, a pair of tables, or

chess-boards.

Ueaf, behaviour, manners ; plur. ^
a and be<ty-<x;b.
certain.
n, a syllogism.

, an agreement, or ac-
commodation.

, to confederate.
, a harlot.

, a grievance.

, a birch-tree; Lat. betula; t
hence the name of the Irish let-
ter b, or beith, according to
O'Flaherty ; perhaps rather from
the beech-tree.— PL The letter
beith answers more exactly to
the Heb. n, or beth, than to the
Chald, betha, and the Gr. beta.
Oeac<x, life ; c/iann n<x beata, the •
tree of life ; Lat. vita, Gr. /3to-j; ;
vid. b;t, infra.
Oeacaj, provender; also a por-

tion or allowance of meat.
Oeatac, a beast ; pi. beata; j <nll-
ta, wild beasts; be<xt<x;jeac,
the same.
Oe<xta;b, living ; <x mbe<xt(X;b, •

amongst the living.
Oeata; j;m, to feed, to nourish.
Oeat jab, nurture, or bringing up,

education.
Oeatman, a bee.
Oeatobac, a beaver.
Oeat^a, water. '?'.
Oeatu jab, to support, or feed.
Onb, a deed or action, a practice ;

6c

coj/i; I /at. fac'iinu ;
a thin.

beb nac
. Wei. &t'
Deb, a mournful news, or dismal

story.

Oebjr5;v;ob<ib, a commentary, a re-
gistering or recording of mat-
ters.

6e;c, an outer}', a roaring, a grie-
vous crying.

Oe;ce and be;ce<xc, crying out
through grief, clamorous weep-
ing. It is exactly equal to the
Heb. »Dn. HD3, and rVDl, all
words of the same signification,
meaning loud or clamorous
weeping, fletus, ploratus ; vid.
the Heb. verb nD2. ftevit, de-
JJevit cum lamentatione, et ele-
rf it tone vocis, whence the Latin
Bacchus and Bacchanalia. —
Vid. Henr. Opitius's Lexic.

Oe;cecib, or bejcjm, to roar, or cry
aloud; ex. cja ta.f<\. bejceo.;-
cum <\.n 17; j. who art thou that
criest out unto the King ?

Oe;cj j;l, an outcry.

Pe;c<x;/tc, a bee-hive.

Oejc;m, to cry out loud, to roar.

Oe;ctejmne<xct, a dancing or skip-
ping. — PI.

6e;b, they shall be.

Oe;l, of the mouth ; pi. be;lj;b, is
sometimes written.

Oe;le, a meal's meat.

Oe;lte, a kettle, or chaldron.

OejUe&n, blame, reproach ; com-
monly said me;UeC\n.

Oejlt:, or b<x;lc, a cingle; Aug.
Sax. belt, Lat. balteus.

Oe;m, a stroke or blow; pi. be;-
me<xnn ; be;m ctojbjm, a stroke
of a sword.

Oe;iD, sometimes signifies a step, a
pace; Gr. j3»/uo.

Oe;m, a blemish, stain, or spot ;
gar) be;m g<xn loct, without stain
or blemish.

Dejro, a beam, or large piece of
timber.

51

6 e

ce;mceap. a whipping-stock.

Dejmneac, reproachful, contume-
lious, abusive ; ex. n;/t bu n<x;c;/t
fee;mne<xc, non erat serpens con-
tumeliosus. — Brogan. in Vit. Bri-

- gid.

bejin/teac, talkative.

Oe;n;b, or b;n;b, a cheese-mnnet.

Oe;ne, a champion, or famous
hero.

Oe;ne, the evening ; so called from
the bright appearance of the
planet Venus at the setting of
the sun and after; vid. ben in-

i fra-

Oe;ne, a separation, or disjunc-

tion.
Oejnjn, a little woman ; Corn, be-

nen, and Wei. bc/inyn, a wo-

man.
Oe;nn, from beann, a summit, or

a top of a hill.
Oenneocu;b j~e, ^ he shall bless ;

rid. beannu'j<xb.
Oe;/tb"; j;y, an anniversarv feast or

vigil.-P/.
Oe;/t;at<x^, birth.
Oe;;t;tn, tvW. bea/tab.
pe^t^-jjan, a razor.
Oe;^itr, twro persons, whether men

or women.

Oej/tC, help, assistance.
Oe;/tt, a burden.
Oej/tte, birth, potius born.
Oe;;-rjn, a dimin. of b; A;-t;, a little

beast ; Lat. bestiola ; by the

moderns it is taken for any little

worm or insect; Lat. vermicu-

lus ; ex. <\f edtral mo^ IJOID <xn

am

charmed to have found this little
animal. — Old Parchment.
Oe;;-g;ne, peace, quiet, ease, rest.
e, ointment, oil.

Oejjtne, a vestry.
Oe;t, both, twain.
Oejcr, to be : AK mb,e;c, being :
mbe;r, if it be.

6e

* Oejt, a being, or essence, rectius

b;t, qd. vid.

^Oe;^ and be;te, a birch-tree. Fla-
herty, betula vel potius, a beech -
tree ; be;t /-ejro, b or b.

nejtecic, or be<xt<xc,. a beast.

Qe;t:e<xma;n, bees.

Oe;t;l, Bethel.

Oejtn;u/i, the plant St. John's wort,
Lat. hypericum.

Oe;t;;i, a bear, a fierce wild beast,
has an affinity with the Hebrew

- HQrD. brutum, bestia,fera.

0 el/-i a, a parish or district; ex. <xn
Ijon tj/ie <xn j<xc tu<x;t, <xn l;on
cat/iac <xn gac ^ tjp, an l;6n
betyo. <xn j<xc C<xt<x;/i, <xju^ <xn
Ijon £><io;ne ;n jac bel/ia.—

we would have been; 50

i, we would have been on
our return a second time.

Oefl, or be<xr>, a woman ; Wei. be-
nyn ; Corn, banen. Note, this
Celtic word ben is the radical
origin of the Latin Venus, which
means a woman, and may be as
properly benus as venus, the b
and the v being equivalent in
most of the ancient languages.
The genitive case of ben is bene,
pronounced benne, in two sylla-
bles; ex. b;<x bene, corruptly
b;<x <xo;ne, dies veneris, Friday;
and the genitive of bean was
primitively and properly be<xn<x,
which was likewise its plural ;
but now it is strangely and awk-
wardly corrupted into mnci : ben
is as frequently used in all old
Irish parchments as be<xn. — Vid.
Poema Sancti Canici in C/iron.
Scotor. ad annum 532.

Oenejgean and bene;jn;uj<xb, a
rape.

Oeo, cattle ; beo, living, or alive ;
hence

Oeoba, lively, full of spirits.
52

6 3

OeoMct, vigour, sprightliness.
Oeobajtn, to quicken, bring to

life.

pe6-j<x;ne<xm, quicksands.
Oeo;l, the genitive case of beol, or

beul ; as teoig^g beojt, oral

discipline.
Oeol, the mouth.
Oeol<xc, i. e. beolaoc, an active

lad, or man.
Oeol-o;be<ty~, tradition, or oral

instruction.
Oeo-lu<x;t, hot embers, or rather

hot ashes.
Oeo-jioiba/tc, quick-sightedness, or

discernment.
Oeo-fi<xb<\;ic<j,c, a quick-sighted or

discerning man.

, bright, glittering.
', ready to lie-in.
b; the hair of the head.
the belly ; also a bottle.
, rent, tribute.
Oe^cn<x, peace.
Defend, any land that is inha-

bited.
Oete/ile<xc, the old law, or Old

Testament ; j-xxn mbete/iteac, in

the Old Testament; Lat. in ve-

teri lege ; no;leac, the new law,

or New Testament. Le<xba/t

b^e<xc passim.
Oetlu;^-n;on, according to O'Fla-

herty, signifies the Irish alpha-

bet, from its three first letters, b,

I, and n.

Oete, birch ; Lat. betula.
Deal, the mouth; also an orifice,

or the open part of a vessel, or

other thing.
Oeul, the false god Belus, to whom

the solemn Druidish fires in Ire-

land were dedicated.
Oeulmac, or beutbac, the bit of a

bridle ; beulmac S/t;<x;n.
0;, or b;t, a killing or mu

ex. Conal

rdering,

b;t <Tob<x, Lu;j
la£<x ;to b; be;ne b/i;oc. — Via.
Annal. Tighern. Passim.

bi

U), was, answering to all persons
as well in the singular as in the
plural numbers; as bo b; me,
b; tu, fe, &c. ; Lat fid.

U) and beo, Gr.jStw, living, )oy<\.
mac be b;, Jesus, _ Son of the
living God; ca;rp;b gac b; <x
bjatab, every living thing must
be supported and fed ; cojftm <X
ccudla clua/- neac <x b;. ubinam
audirit auris riventis. — Brogan.

Ojac, i. e. ball jreattba, virilia
riri.

;acacb, priapismus. — PI.
, meat, food, sustenance.

t, plentiful, abounding with
provsion.

OJabta, fed, fat; bam b;abra, a
stall-fed ox. — Pror. 15. 17.

Ojabtac, a hospitable, generous
man ; also a particular order of
people among the old Irish,
whose care and duty was to supply
the king's household with all
sorts of provisions; they also
furnished the standing army of
the kingdom or produce, as well
as all foreigners or travellers,
and were in the quality of public
victuallers. Now it signifies a
good and hospitable house-
keeper.

0;a;l, a hatchet, or axe; Wei.
buyall ; Suev. beyel.

OJan. a pelt, skin, or hide of a
beast.

Dj&f, i. e. jonjra^, that shall hurt
or wound.

bjaft, anciently signified a beast,
as also fish, birds ; Lat. bestia ;
it now is taken for a worm, or
little reptile, and written p;af b.

Ojata, well-fed ; vid. bjabta.

u;atab, a generous farmer, or hos-
pitable man ; vid. bjabtac.

O;acu;^-, the plant or herb betony
or beet ; Lat. betonica.

O;cea/tb, or b;c;m, mercury or
quicksilver.

53

truss

the

Ojll

Ojbceatib, i. e. b;ab-cea/tb, a ta-
vern, or victualling-house.

Ojg, from beaj, little.

Ojgeu/}, or b;rjn, a coif, a hair-
lace, a caul that women
their hair in. — PI.

O; j, glue, or bird-lime.

O;l, good.

Ojl, a beak or bill of a fowl.

0;l, the mouth; Brit, bit,
mouth of a vessel.

Ojle, a tree ; bjle ma j -cTbaj/t, a
remarkable tree in the plain of
CDaj <Tba;ft in the County of
Clare, where the Dal-Cassian
princes were usually inaugura-
ted.

Q;l;an, a small vessel ; from ;an, a
vessel, and b;le, or b;lle, small,
little.

Ojlle, a bill ; bjlle bealu; jte, a
bill of divorce.

poor, little, mean, weak.
bo ju;be nj batac
mbjlle, i. e. _ n; ju;be faoct

. C^-fofc bo ju;be.

OjUeoj, a corruption of bujlleog,
a leaf of a tree, or of a book.

0;lleog-bajte, water-lily ; Lat.
nymphcea.

Ojlleoja an Spo;nc, colt's-foot ;
Lat tussilago.

0;m, I am, I am wont to be. Jf

Ojnn, true.

bjnn, I was, I was used to be ; bo
b;nn, idem.

bjnn. sweet, harmonious, melo-
dious; ppxjlmceatlac bjnn, a
sweet Psalmist ; aj~ bjnn bo jut,
thy voice is sweet. It is very
often prefixed to several words
by way of a compound, as bjnn-
b^;ar^act, eloquence ; bjnnceol-
ma/i, harmonious ; bjnngucac,
melodious: its comparative is
b;nne, more sweet or melodious.

Ujnn, from beann, a hill or pro-
montory. In books of the mid-
dle ages it is sometimes written

b)

;nn.
O;nne and bjnnjOf, harmony, me-

j y-

O;n/ie&n, a bell ; gu/t beanab bjn-
nean Cb;<x/-ia;n <x;^, an expres-
sion that signifies a formal ex-
communication by the ceremony
of the bell, £c. — Vid. Chronic.
Scotorum ad an. 1043.

O;nbjol, a forehead-binder to dress
children's heads.

OJnneabu^t, the hill of Howth
near Dublin.

Ojnnedlta, pretty, handsome, neat,
fine; Lat. bellus.

0;nr>e<xlt<xc, musical, harmonious ;
from the melody of birds.

O;n;b and bjnbear), calf's runnet,
which is put into milk to thicken
and consolidate it for cheeses.

6;nege/i and bjnejj/ie, vinegar or
pickle ; quasi zej/ie <xn p;6n<x,
the dregs or acids of wine.

OJn^e, a bench, or seat.

O;obbu<xn and bjtbudin,^ perpetual,
everlasting ; 50 bjobbuan, for
ever ; Lat. perennis existentia.

6;oca;/ie, a vicar, or subordinate
to any ecclesiastic superior.

O;ocon, a viscount.

/">joban<xc, a tattler or tale-bearer.

6 Job, although, suppose, let it be ;
b;ob <x pjo-zntyfe, for example,
as witness.

bjobba, a guilty person; ex. <x^
b;obb<x b&jy- e, he is guilty of
death.— Matth. 26. v. 66.

bjobbd, an enemy, an adversary.

5;OT<xb and bjo^ajm, to rouse, to
stir up, to startle.

bjosatodjfc active, lively.

O;6l, a viol, a kind of musical in-
strument.

6;oUjt, water-cresses. This word
is a corruption of b;0fi-pe<x/i,
from b;0ft, water, and jrea/t,
grass.

, talkative, or prattling.
rowing, oaring.
54

6;

0;o/7, nj b;o/i <xco, they have not

usually.
0;o/i and becx/i, a spit to roast meat

on.

0;oft, water. — PI. t;ob<x/t and t;o-
ba/ioib, a well or fountain ; and

j t;ob<x/tb;o/i, well-water.

Ojo/tcxc, a cow-calf.

Ojo/t&n, a little stake, pin, or nee-
dle ; the diminut. of bjojt, a
spit.

PjO/KX^g, a fishing-bait.

OjO;tbo^<x, a rainbow.

P;0;ibu<xj:an, a water-serpent.

O;0/tb<xc, watery, full of water.

Ojo/tbOfUjy, a flood-gate, or sluice.

6;o/tjo;n, a flood-gate, or dam.

0;ofio/i, the brink of any water ;
from b;o/i, water, and o/i, the
extremity or brink.

OjO/i/i<x, a king's fisher, a long-
necked bird ; b;o/t/t<x-c/tu;b;n,
the same, as also ja^uj^e co;/t-
neac. — PL

, an osier, or twig.
, water-lily.

)0f<\j\,mendose pro bjota/i, water-
cresses.

upf^p., silk

P;ot, the world.

0;ot, life, living ; Lat. vita ; b;oc- X
fcuan, living for ever ; b;otr/ta-
na, always deformed. This is
but another writing of bjt and b;t
buan ; the former is nearer the
Greek, and this latter nearer the
Latin.

0;otbu<x;ne, eternity, everlasting-
ness.

0;oc Bu<xn, or b;t buan, life-ever-
lasting.

Ojocbuan, perpetual, everlasting,
eternal.

0;ot: j/t<xj:<xb and b;ot j/t<x;bteact:,
cosmogmphy, or a description of
the world ; tld.ctjfi<xj:ab, ^<<(>-
graphy ; from b;ot, the world,
and 5^tAj*jj<Xb, description ; and
from tlact, i. e. talm, the earth,

b L

and j;taprab, description.

O)n, water, the inflexion of b;o/t.

O;-u short.

bjnjrjon, metheglin, i. e. water-
wine.

O}>t;b, a sow for breeding.

Pj/tmejn, oosiness or moisture.

0;-tn<x, abounding with wells and
fountains of water ; hence the
name of a town in the Kind's
County, called 0;/tn<x, English
Birr.

O;n;tcie, standing or lodged water.

bjfttr, the plur. of beaftt, loads, or
bundles.

Oj/ttr, a hilt, haft, or handle.

Qif, a buffet, or box.

b;/~eac, ease, a mitigation of pain
at the crisis of a disorder.

b;;~ecvc, prosperity, increase ; hence
bl;<xjan bjfj j, the bissextile, or
leap year, from the increasing
day.

0;^ecxct:, the same; hence also
bl;<x j<xn b;/-e<xcta, a leap year.

bjt, a wound.

O)t, the world ; hence <ift b;tr, any
existing, or in the world ; bu;ne
<vj;t bjt, any man in the world.

O;t, any custom or habit.

Ojt, a being, an essence.

•/;£, life ; Lat. vita.

Uj'c, or bjot, signifies perpetuity or
continuance when it forms the
first part in a compound, and
may be rendered by always, as
bjtfjop., semper ; vid. b;ot, b;t-
beo, continual, ever-living.

Djce, female, belonging to the fe-
male sex.

Ojteamnac, a thief.

Ojtredmantra, stolen, or given to
theft.

Ojt-jrjOfi, always, everlasting life.

hla, a town or village.

j3la, piety, devotion. — PL ex. CL
a, the sea ; also a green field,
a, healthy, safe, or well.
55

.<i, a cry ; M<x, yellow.

3tacr, a word.

.3tab3<x;m, to cry.

3lab and blcibmjc, renown, repu-
tation, fame ; <LJ- bua;ne blab n\x
paojal, reputation lasts longer
than life.

blab, a part, or portion ; rid. bio j.

blt\ba;m, to break.

blaba;rte, a flatterer, a soother, or,

wheedler.
; blaba;/teacr, coaxing, flattering.

Olagaj/teactr, a blast ; also boast-
ing ; vulg. glajajneactr.

blagdntrap a bragging or boast-
ing.

blajman, boasting, or pretendiniz;
to great matters of wealth, skill,
or pedigree.

blajmanac, a brag, a boasting,
noisy fellow.

lo.;n;c, rect'uis btonoj, suet.
lajn;ceac, fat, full of suet.
^a;^;m, to taste.

.ajc, plain, smooth: its compa-
rative is MCxjce.

bla;c, a blossom ; rid. btat, hence
the dim. bta;t;n.

btajtplea^, a garland of flowers.

btcxjt:lj<Xg, a pumice-stone. — PI.

blame, sound, healthy. — PI.

blanb<Xfi, dissimulation.

blaoc, a whale.

blaob, a shout, or calling ; hence
bl<xob^u;j, constant shouting and

, bawling; Wei. bloedh.
, the same.

.6, brawling, constant bawl-
ing.

6, noisy, clamorous,
and blao^j, a husk, scale,
or shell.

.<xo^<xojn, rectius bluj^cjn, di-
minut. of blao^c, the skull ;
more usually plao^<vo;n, from
blaOy-T, or plao^, a shell.
,<Y, a taste or flavour ; Lat. gns-
ius.

fa I

l<x^"<x and bld^ba, palatable, well-
tasted; cdjnc bld^ba, well-ac-
cented words.

and bldjpm, to taste.
, savoury.

-, sweetness.

>ldt, a flower; also a blossom;
bldt n<x ccftdnn, the blossom of
trees.

Idt, a form or manner.
Idt, praise.
ldt<xc, buttermilk.

i, politeness, smoothness.

Idtugdb, to flower, to flourish;
bldjteocd^" re, he shall flourish,
i. e. in issue and riches.

bldcuj<xb, to make smooth, to
plane.

bledcr, or bljocc, kine.

bledcc, milk ; also milky, giving
milk ; hinc bo bleact, a milch-
cow, or bo bljocc ; in the Welch
blith is milk ; vid. Idee, milk ;
Lat. lac.

bledctdj/ie, or bljoccdjfte, a
wheedler, a soothing, under-
mining fellow, who strives to steal
into your confidence in order to
come at secrets, and then to be-
tray them. Metaph. from sooth-
ing a cow's milk.

bledccdjfie, a milker of kine.

Oledjdjirt, to milk.

bleatac, a bag or bags of corn for
grinding.

ble;b, a cajole, or wheedle.

blejbjfieo.ee, a coaxing, wheedling,
or ^flattering. f

blejb and blejbe, a drinking-cup,
a goblet.

blejn, a harbour or haven.

blejtrjm, to grind corn ; hence
blcdtdc, a bag of corn not yet
ground ; bo blejt <xn <x/tb<xjft, to
grind the corn.

bleun, the groin or flank.

bljdjdjn, a year, rectms bljdbdjn,
to agree with the Welch bluy-
dhen, and the Cornish bledhan.
56

bo

— Vid. Remarks on the letter -cf .
OljajarKXiTxvjt and bl;a|<xnt<X)T)<xjl,

yearly; 50 blj<xj<xn<xm<x;t, every

year.
bl;nn, the froth or spittle of a dead

body.

Oljoct, product, fruit.
Oljoc, vid. bleach.
bl;o^-<in, an artichoke,
ploac, a whale, rectius bl<xoc.
bloc, or bloc, round,
bloc, the fat of any beast.
blocb<x/t/i<x;m, to point, to make

round and sharp of one end, like

atop.
Olob, a piece; blob bo cloc mu;l;n,

a piece of a millstone,
blob, <xo;b blo;b, now the barony

called Lower Ormond in the

County of Tipperary.
blobizjbeoj, a piece or fragment.
blo£, a piece, portion, part; pi.

bloj<x;b and bloj<xn<x;b.
blo^oib, to crack, to break in

pieces,
blonog, fat, tallow, suet; mostly

said to express the fat of swine,

or lard ; Wei. bloneg.
Olofi, a voice ; aliter, ^lo/t.
blof , open, plain, manifest,
blorc, a congregation.
Qlor-c<V7fie, a collector.
blOf~cn)<xo/i, a collector.
bloy"3<xc, a robust fellow.
blo^jAb, a sound or report.
blo;"5<vjm, to make a noise.
blotl<xc, a cave or den.
Oluc, fatness.

blurxxg, lard ; vid. blonoj.
6lu/*ci/i, a great noise, or outcry.
60, a cow ; Gr. by the JEol. /3o>Cr

and Lat. idem, plur. bua;b, Lat.

boves ; in the genit. and dat.

singular it is inflected bo;n, as

bon bo;n, to the cow ; Gr. fiovv,
„ in accusat.
boba^, bo oba^, I refrained, I

would not.

bo

bobetot, the alphabet, according to
O'Flaherty, so called from its
two first letters, b and 1. — Fid.
Ogyg. p. 235.

Qobgimnac, a blast.

Oobo, O strange! an interjection,
like the Latin papce! and more
like the Gr. |3a/3ai.
>oc, deceit, fraud.
<oc, a blow or stroke.
»oc, a weather-goat, a he-goat.

joe, a false, or bastard dye, or
paint; ~Lat. focus.

bocab, a discussing or sifting a
matter.

bocam, to swell ; also to bud forth
or spring.

Ooca;n, hobgoblins, or sprites.

Ocean, a covering.

I poc, hey-day! an interjection.

i^ocb and boct, poor, distressed.

Oocbaj jjm, to impoverish.

bocbajne and bocta;neact, po-
verty, misery.

Oocna, the sea.

Docc, a breach.

bocojbe, the studs or bosses upon
shields.

boccojb, boco;b, or bojo;b, a spot,
or speckle.

boccojbeac, spotted, chequered or
speckled with red, or bastard
scarlet ; from the Irish boc, fo-
cus ; bo tojbaba/t a feolta
bocco;beac<x, bajn-bea/tja, they
hoisted their chequered red and
white sails.

bob, a tail ; te;b <xn jrea/t toptr,
amajt tejb a bob t<x/t an car.

T — <?•

Oobac, a nistic, a clown, or churl.

Oobamajl and bobatama;l, clown-
ish, rustic.

Ooba^t, deaf; more usually written
bojan, though not so properly
as the British word of the same
signification is written with a d,
asbydhar, Brit. deaf.

Ooboj, rage, anger, fury.
57

Ooboj, a heifer.

005, soft, penetrable, tender.

Oogac, a bog, moor, or marsh.

Oojabac, gesture.

foojab, tendemess.

nojab, to stir, shake, or toss.

hOjg<U)j an egg in embryo.

f>oj jlua;^-eacb, floating.

no ja, a bow.

no jt\b3;^i, an archer,

noja;m, to bend like a bow.

O&Td/t, another writing of boba/i,
deaf.

^ojaft^a;iT>, to make dea£

Ooja;/te, deaftiess.

Oojbupe, corrupts bo;jjun, a bul-
rush; quasi, bajnc bog, a soft
branch.

Do^luacajri, a bulrush.

Oorluy, bojlOjy, i. e. ox-tongue. —

b_
ojun, bacon.

Oo£u;t, soft and fresh; boj, soft;

u^, fresh.
Ooju^-, a bjrogu^, near, close to,

hard by.
Oogtajn, a vault or roof, an arched

roof, a cave.

Oojcbe, poverty, misery.
Oo;cbe, poorer, the comparative

degree of bocb.

Oojb, a bottle ; bojbe, the same.
Oo;beacan, pot i us bujbecan, the

yolk of an egg.
Oojbeal, a pudding.
Oo;be;^, drunkenness, rectius po;-

r t^lf-

Oojbe, potius bujbe, yellow.

Oojbeacb, yellowness.

6o)bean, a yellow-hammer, a little

bird.

Oo;be;-eacb, the yellow jaundice.
Oojbeojj, a goldfinch.
Oo;bl;a, a puddle,
bojbndjr, the month of July.
6o;b;tealtr, a comet; Stella cau-

data ; from bob, a tail; and
stella.

, a stuttering or stam-
merng.

pojjfjn, a box.

bojll, the pi. of ball, limbs, mem-
bers.

bo;l, issue, success ; also use.
Odjig'pjaft, a belly or maw-worm,
bo; tie, a knob or boss, as of a
shield.

n, the navel.

n, the centre of an army ;
ex. bo

he closed up their centre, and
he strengthened their front.

bo;l^e<xn<x;b, hills or mountains,
or any bulge.

bojltne<xb, to smell or scent ;
bo;ltneoc<x me, I will smell.

Oo;n ; vid. bo.

bo;ne<xb, a bonnet or cap ; quasi a
beann, the top or upper part of
a thing, the head ; and ejbe, a
garment.
>o;nne, on a sudden.

j, a cake or bannock.
)0)/t, an elephant.

j, the compar. of bo^tb, rank,
cruel.

U0)j\be and bO)/ibe<xcb, fierceness,
roughness, barbarity ; also rank-
ness, luxuriancy, &c.

boj/tb-fyvjatfKXc, boasting, or vain-
glorious.

bodice, a large hind.

bo;/ic/-i}<xb, a kind of fat clay or
slime.

bo;^ce<xll, i. e. e;l;c, or aj, a
hind.

bo;^ce<xll, i. e. jejltr, a mad or
wild man or woman who lives in
woods.

Oo;^cea;l, boasting, bragging.

boj^ceall, a wild man ; also fierce,

cruel.

V bojt and botoga, cottages, huts,
lodges ; hence the Eng. booths ;
also a tabernacle.

I, haughtiness, arrogance.
58

60

bo;te<xllba, arrogant, proud, pre-
sumptuous.

Ool, a poet; also art or skill.

Oolan, a bullock.

boUxnn, an ox-stall, a cow-house, a
fold.— PL

Ool, a cow.

Oolb, a sort of caterpillar.

bolj, a bag or budget ; Lat. bolga ; \
antiq. bulga, et forsan belga ;
boljpx; j;t, a quiver ; quasi bol-
ga sagittarum. Query, if the
national name Belga? may not be
derived from their being noted
quiver-bearers, as going always
armed with bows and arrows;
whence perhaps it was that Ca3-
sar called them Fortissimi Gal-
lorum. The Irish called the an-
cient Belgian Colony that came
here from Britain, jr;/t bolj, i. e.
viri Bolgce, or Bolgi, which
seems to be a proof that the
Belgians had originally their na-
tional name from bolj, and the
Irish historians remark that they
were called pjp. bolj, from being
noted to carry leather bags about
them. Query, if the national
name bulj<x/t; may not be de-
rived from the same origin.

j, a belly ; Ger. bulgen, a bag
or sack.

bolj, a pair of bellows ; bolj ^e;b,
idem.

bolg, a pouch, budget, or satchel ;
Lat. bulga, and Gr. y£ol. |3oX-
yo£.

bolg, a blister.

bolg<xc, the small-pox; pi. bol-
gctjbe, blains, blisters, boils.
)lja;m, to blow, or swell.
)lgan, dimin. of bolj, a small bag
or a budget.

Oolg&n, bolj(in-^<vjj;b, a quiver;
Lat. pharetra.

Oolj&n, the middle, or centre.

y>oU<x, a bowl or goblet.

bolloj, a shell, a skull, the top of

Oolg,

6 o

the head.

Ootl^ci;;te and boU;*5<J.jKe, an an-
tiquary, a herald, a master of the

ceremonies. — K. et alii.
Oolljrga-f/te bu;»tb, a meat-carver

at a great man's table,
bolog, a heifer.
Oolrnu jdb, to smell, to scent, or

savour.

pottu; j, fetters.
Oolu; j, scented ; bed. j-bolu; j,

sweet-scented.
Oolunca, fine, exquisite.
OoiT)0.n<x;m, to vaunt or boast.
Pomannacb, boasting, bragging.
Don, the end or bottom of any

thing ; bonn coj^e, the sole of

the foot ; bonntx ta/t;td, the

groin.

'bonn, good; Lat. bonus.
Oonnojfie, a footman.
Oo.nnan, a bittern ; alitcr bonndn-

l;dn<x.
Ponn^a; j;m, to dart.

go/t, a swelling.
o/tb, fierce, cruel, severe ; 50
bOftb, severely, roughly ; d bo/tb-
g/tedbdjb, his terrible strokes.

DOftb, haughty, grand ; pea^i bo/tb,
a proud man ; also luxuriant,
rank, rancid ; as j:eu;t bo^tb, rank
grass ; peojl bo^tb, rancid meat.

UO'tbd and bo/tbdj", i'id. bo;^tbe,
haughtiness, fierceness.

Oo^b, a table.

O6ftb, the border or coast of a
country, particularly the sea-
coast; also the edge, brim, or
extremity of any thins; ; pX fco/t-
bajb 0/tmum<xn, on the confines
of Ormond ; gac cuan po/t bo;t-
ba;b CJ/tjOnn, every harbour up-

^ on the coast of Ireland.

05;tojme, a tribute of cows and
other cattle; bourne taj^ean,
a tribute of this nature that is
said to have b?en exacted from
the people of Leinster by the
of Tara and Minister.
59

6 o

O6/t/t, a bunch, or knob; hence

bo;t/tc<xc, crook-backed.
Oo^t/t, great, noble, extraordinary.
Oo»m, majesty, greatness ; also

pride, grandeur.
OOfi/tactX, a bladder.
Oojtjto. and bonnAJirt, to swell ;

bo/t/td, a swelling.
Oomtd.jo.6, warlike, puissant, va-
liant at arms ; from bo/tp, great,
and cv j, a fight, or feats of amis.
6o/t;iam, to swell, to grow big and

prosper.

Oo/tf tomocu/t or b<x;t;t<xmoca;t,worm-
wood; Lat absyntium.
sodder.
to bail.

greatness, majesty,
worship.
Oo/i;iujn, a haunch, a buttock.
Oo/tuma, genit. bo;/tbe ; a town in
the County of Clare, not far
from Killaloe, near which was
Ceann Co;t<xb, the royal resi-
dence of the great Brian Boirbhe,
which ijave occasion to his hav-
ing been called by that sir-
name.

L>0;~, a hand; vid. bd^, i. e. the
palm of the hand ; Wei. bys, a
finger,
certain.

, a purse or poucli.
jn, apjilause.

, applause, a clapping of
the hands.

applause.
, to applaud.
c, applause.
Oo/-luo.c, nimble-handed, active,
brisk ; hence bo^ludc, a pick-
pocket.
Oo;-6j, a gentle blow, or slap with

the open hand.
DOf txxb, a pillar or po.si
OopiaHaj/n, to extol or applaud ;

id. qd. bo^-bu<xla;m.
Doc, bojc, fire; vid. Lhuijd. Corn-
par at. Etym.f hence bo;te, a

br?

b i?

corruption of bo;te, burned ;
tojtean, a great burning, is
another corrupt derivation from
bo;tr.
Ootallac, furious, outrageous,

mad.

; Dot, botog and botan, a booth,
cottage, hut, tent, or tabernacle.
Ootac, a fen or bog.

Oot<Xfi, a lane, street, road, or way ;
bota/i na ClQ;a^, a way between
Durlas Guaire, in the County of
Galway, and Mochua's Well or
St. Mac Duach's Hermitage in
Burren, in the County of Clare.

O/ta, or bfta;, an eyebrow ; b; b/iti,
buba, i. e. ba mala buba, two
black eyebrows.

Ofiac, an arm, a hand ; Lat. bra-
cMum, Greek ^pa^iittv. This
monosyllable is doubtless the
Celtic root of these Latin and
Greek words.

b/tacab, a harrow; pi. jra b/ia-
cujbjb ;a/tu;n, under harrows of
iron.

b;taca;ro, to harrow, to break
asunder; also to torment, afflict,
&c.

Qftacan, broth.

b/tacca;te, or b/i<xc;tle, a sleeve,
or bracelet ; from b/iac, the arm,
and c<xl, a covering, sheath.

O/taca, corruption, suppuration.

fo/tacb, hatred.

Ojt&cb, substance, sap, or juice.

6/tacbac, b/tacbama;l, and b/tac-
bma/i, substantial.

Ort^ct, idem quod b/uvcb.

h/KXCOj, bleareclness.

/")/t<xc/*u;leac, blear-eyed.

the same as b/i<x-

in

,jlv^vJ7, a salmon.
O/tabam, to oppress,
b/iab/tub, an ambush, or lying

wait.

b/ta jab, the gullet or windpipe.
b/tciTab, the nppqr part of the
GO

breast.

>/-ux ja;/it, a truss or pack.
j;5JB*jibbets,0MJg.

c, malt, vulg. b/tajt.
>/ia;ceam, b/ia;c-bam, i. e. b/teac

bam, from b^ieac, speckled, and

bam, Lat. dama, a hart; vid.

ba;jle.

)/-ia;cne, a cat. — F.
)/ia; j, the neck, or throat ; t;om-

p;ol bo b/tajab, about thy neck;

jrab b/iaia;b, under thy throat.
tya; j, an liostage ; also a captive

or prisoner; pi. b/iajjbe.

, a hostage.
Ofia; jbeanaf, captivity, imprson-

ment, confinement, also restraint.
6/ia; jean, debate, quarrel ; b/iaj-

jeanac, quarrelsome.
O;ta; jfte, a bag, or budget.
0/ta; jj^-leab, a bracelet, or collar j

b/ia;^leab, idem.
p^a;l;m, to reject, or slight.
PftajVjm, to feel.
0;ta;ne, a beginning.
O^a;neac, much, many, plenteous.
6/tajnn, the womb, or belly. — PL

to/t/ta bo b/ta;nne, or bo b/iu;n-

ne, the fruit of thy womb.
6/ta^eagnac, a false accusation, a

slander.

or

a ro-

mance.

mance.

b/ia;ponlac, a reproach, false ac-
cusation.

b/iajt:, 50 b/tajc, for ever. £=:

b^a)t;m, to observe, to perceive,
to spy ; bo b;ta;t na bu ta; je,
to spy or reconnoitre the coun-
try.

b/-ta;t;m, to betray; bob/ta;c
he betrayed; bo b/ia;t:an be.
c;obal a Cbjanna, the disciple
betrayed his Master.

ntac, treacherous.

t, an overseer, a disco-

verer.

b n

rectius Ipat-ljn, a veil,
a sheet; vulg. bapt/n.

O/ta;t;tearrKx;l, or b/ttxtoi/iba, bro-
therly, friendly.

Oj\ajtj\jn, a little brother ; the di-
rain, of b;tatajrt.

Oftamac, a colt, as of a mare, ass,
&c. ; Hisp. bramar, to bellow,
to bray.

0/tam<v;/ie, a noisy troublesome
person ; Hisp. bramador, a pub-
lic crier.

Oft<xmdnt<x, bujne bftamanta, an
unpolished, ill-humoured man.

Q;t<Xfl, poor. — F.

O^<xn, black.

Ona/7, a raven; b/tan-bub, a black
raven or rook, otherwise fr;o.c-
bub; coc-bftan, a jackdaw; in
"Welsh it is the same, and means
any crow; so kigrran is a ra-
ven, i/dvran a rook, cogvran a
jackaaw.

O /tan -bub, which means a black
raven, was the name of a king of
Leinster at the end of the sixth
century, from whom sprung the
O'Brains, now called O'Byrns.
, fallow ; jrea/tjtdn b/\<x-
fallow-ground.

a spider, a spider's

n<x;n,

web.

<*,

, a burning coal, or ember.

, the collar bones ; other-
wise b;tomn/i<x b/iajab, because
those bones support the neck;
hence

O;i<xr>ft<x ajjdjn, or cuocajn, a
brass or iron circle with legs, to
support a bre wins-pan, or large
pot.

O;t0.nnum, chess, a game played
upon a square board divided in-
to sixty-four small chequers : on
each side there are eight men
and as many pawns, to be moved
and shifted according to certain
rules ; <in jrjcceatt acaf <xn
ban, (Old Parchment.}
61

properly means the men ; jOn d,
bft<xn<xjb be<xb, with his ivory
men, because made of elephant's
teeth. This was a favourite game
with the old Irish. Lat. scacha-
rum Indus.

0/t<xoc, i. e. b/tudc, the border of a
country.

0;t<xo;, eyebrows ; vid. in voce bu j

- infra.

P^tao; j;lle, a crack.

6/t<xo;Ueab, a bounce, rushing, rat-
tling.

i, a drop ; pi. b^<xo;n and
i<xjb.
2, i. e. b/tonoic, sad, sorrow-

, to drop.

and ;t<xo^ ci; j, yawn-
ng, gaping.
} brisk, active.
", fiction, romance.
-, a hat ; b/ta^-ba^, b^<x/"-polr,
and bor-rtua, the same.

c, the same as
, quick, nimble.
.;fte-bu;^b, a table-tattler, a
sycophant.

, a sophister.
, jousts, tilts, and tour-
naments.^

Ofi<X/"coir)<xb, counterfeiting, or fal-
sifin.

, to counterfeit. — PL
m, a declamation. — PL
the vulgar, or mob;
the same ; b^u^ja^t
j, the garcons and servants
of the army.

na^eul, a fable, a romance.
, a cloak, or mantle.

c, a standard, or pair of co-
lours.

0/tac, to spy, or observe ; luce
<xc<x, spies ; vid. b;ta;tjm.
c, to betray ; vid. b/tajc;m.
c, to depend upon, to expect
from.

b n

, i. e. rojUe<xb, destruction.
, a fragment, a remnant.

design; <x t<x;m <xj b/-«xt
o/tt:, I have a design upon you ;
also a dependence, an expec-
tancy.

, a mass, or lump.
/i<xt, malt,
fi&t, go bjtat, for ever.

P/itxt<xc, continual, utterly.

Pft<xt<xm, vid. b;id.jt;ro.
i O/tutoi;;t, a brother, also a brother-
religious, a friar, so said from
the French frere, a brother ;
Lat. frater, also a cousin, or
near relation ; Gr. 0(oarwp, one
of the same tribe of people.

O/i<xtc<xb, corruption, purulent mat-
ter.

p/KXttxxb, a caterpillar.

6/te<xb, a bribe.

Ofiecxc, speckled, or of various co-
lours ; hence

Ofieac&n, a party-coloured, or
striped stuff, anciently used by
different people in their trowsers
and cloaks; hence some of the
Gauls were called Galli Braccati,
and their country Gallia Brac-
cata. Diodorus Siculus, lib. 6,
mentions that the garments of
those Gauls were rough and
party-coloured, and calls them
braccce. The Irish Scots pre-
served this kind of garment to
our days.

O/ie<xc, a trout, from the various
colours of its skin ; pi. b^vjc, and

, dimin. b/i;c;n.
and pvjl-b/ie<xc, hops ;
leann £<xn bloy* g<xn bfieac j<xn
be^vjuj^b, beer without taste,
without hops, without sufficient
boiling. — Vid. Lhuyd's Comp.
Etym. in voce lupulus.
fie<xc'<xo;, indifference.
/teo.cc, doubt.

/teactna; jte, different. — F.
wheat.
62

, butter ; Scot, custard.

, mixture.
*, twilight.

hypocrisy with re-
gard to religious worship or de-
votion.

and b/teun, filthy, stinking.
to stink.

a stench, an odious
smell.

, a prince or potentate.

great, mighty, pompous,
grand ; Wei. bras, large ; also
fat.

Ojiecxr, a voice, a great noise.
0/-iea^<xt-m<xc<Ji., a large territory in
the County of Armagh, which
anciently belonged to the O'Don-
negans, the O'Lavargans, and the
O'Eidys.

p/ie<x^-c<xtu.o;f(, a throne.
0/tea^-c<xt<xj/t, a royal seat or re-

sidence.

p^ea^-cotb, a sceptre.
0 /iearb<x, chief, principal ; also

active, lively, &c.
O^eOL^-pO/ta, a throne.
b/iea^ldnj, fraud, deceit.
0/tea/"lann, a prince's court or pa-

lace.
0/tea^-0;;tc;^be, a prince's trea-

sure.

0^e<xt, judgment, also a sentence ;
as b/te<xc buna;b, a definitive or
irrevocable sentence.
0/ie<xt, to give, tender, or offer;
bo b/-ie<xta le<xb'<Xjt bo Cu;m;n, a
book was given to Cuimin.
c, judicious, critical.
and b/te ataman, a judge.
judgment, discern-
ment.

P;ie<xtta, a birth-day.
O/tecxtnac, Welsh, from Wales, a y

Welshman, rectlns b/tjoe/iac.
0/tedtnajj;m, to think, or c

con-

ceive.

/ieatnaf, a thorn, a skewer, a
bodkin; the tongue of a buckle;

6 n

bf?

man

also a higliland broach or fibula,
called properly b^at-nofc.

Oftetitnu jab, to judge ; also to
look, or behold.

b;te<j.tt<x;n, the isle of Britain ; it
is now used only for Wales, as
is also bpetttnac, for a Welsh-
and jft&jj no. mb;te<xt:n<xc,
no. mbpeatnvxc, flfi15 n<x
, are places in Ire-
land, so called because formerly
inhabited by Britons.

bftec, a wolf, wild dog, &c. ; some
say a brock or badger.

Qne;c;n, a small trout ; vid. b^ecvc.

O^e;b, a kerchief, or head attire
for women : it is now commonly
used to signify frize, or coarse
woollen cloth.

Ofte;b;n, frize, a coarse strong kind
of woollen dress.

Pftejj:;, a hole; also a man's nail.

0/te;jrne, a large territory or sove-
reignty in the province of Con-
naught, which comprehended the
entire County of Leitrim, and
most part of the County of Ca-
van, whereof the O'Ruarks were
chief lords.
fte;j:ne<xc, full of holes.

, of a boor, or rustic. — K.
a falsehood, or lie; rid.

false, lying ; b;<x

a false god.
Dfte; jedb, a violating or abusing.
0/ie;m, a breaking wind, or crack-

ing: backwards ; like the Greek

/3p£/uo>, to rattle, or make a thun-

dering noise ; hence the Latin

fremo, to rattle ; bfte;m then sig-

nifies a rattling noise.
bftejne, the compar. of bfte<xn, sig-

nifying more filthy or stinking.
O/tejne and bjtejneact, filth,

stench, &c.
bne;n-t;fte, now Brentry, near

Callane hill to the west of Ennis,

in the County of Clare.
63

, moved, provoked, stir-
ed up, &c.

te;p, or trejbftj^e, the dropping
or gentle falling of any liquor or
liquid.

ejfjm, a shout, laughter.
ejpijon, a writ or mandate.
0/iejc, to earn'; also to feel; vid.

be<ifux and be;/t;m.
P^e;c, a carrying, or taking away.
6;tejce<UTi, a judge.
yfte;te<xmn<ty*, judgment.
3rte;te<xnc<xc, judicious, keen in

discerning.
3ne;tr;onto;;t, a fuller.

, word; from b/tj<xt<i;i.
, a fire, or flame. — PI. ex. Cl.
, a brim or brink.
, a flint. — PI.
, a bonfire, funeral pile.
/teo-co;fie, a warming-pan. — PI.
, a Leveret.
<xb, to pound or bruise ;

so that they were bruised and
battered ; also to bake.
b/teoj<vjm, to bake. — PL
bfteo;lean, darnel; vul%. b/tojj-

teun.
bneojte, sick, tender, delicate. —

Luke 7.2.

bfteon, a blot or blur, a spot, &c.
Oft;, anger.
Op], or bn; j, a word ; hence b/i;<x-^

td/t, a word or sentence.
Oj\j, a hill or hillock, a rising

ground ; Wei. bre, as Pen-bre.
Oftj, near, nigh, close to.
a word.

i, i. e. ba/tanta, a warrant,
an author, or composer,
bnjoinna, i. e. mj;te<xnn<x, or 5;tea-
man<x, parts or divisions.
Lft, a prickle. — F.

i, a word, also a verb.
i, victor}- or conquest ; jraj-
3jtt: b^tjat:<l;'t <Xjur* buu.jb,
Columc;lle ;te bomnall CCcic

bn

f .— C/.

Oft;be<xb<x;beoin, one that affects

hard or difficult words.
O/vjce, brick ; pi. b/i;c;b.
p/i;beac, a dwarf.
O/r/beoj, a superstitious resem-

blance or picture of St. Bridget,

made up on the eve of that saint

by unmarried wenches with a

view to discover their future

husbands.
0/i; j, price, worth, value ; <x^ fOn

ne;te g<xn b/ijg, for things of no

moment or consequence ; bo bfi; j

gu/i, because that.
O/t; j, virtue, or force ; bo c<x;tl j-e

<x P/t/Zj it lost its virtue.
O/i; j, the meaning, interpretation,

or substance of a thing.
/i; j, strength, also a tomb.
ft; jjb, Bridget, the name of a

woman.
0;t;j;be, i. e. b/nvjgbe, hostages;

gar) ^e;ll g<xn b/i; jbe, without

submission or hostages.
6;t;nbe<xlb<xb, a disguising, or

cloaking.
Op-jinn and b^i;0nglo;b, a dream, or

reverie.

6/vjnnbecil, portrayed.
Ofi;nne<xc, a mother, a dam. — PI.
Oj^OcC, sorcery, a charm.
O;t;oct:, a colour, a complexion;

Oft;oj<xc, efficacious, capable, ef-
fectual; also bitter, violent; n)
lu c<x/i b<vnc<xt: b;i)oj<xc, non
dilexit contentiones muliebres
vehementes. — Brog. in Vit. S.
Brigid.

O/ijojnKX^ powerful, strong, able,
hearty.

bfi;o;cb;c, an amulet.

O/i;olt^j<x;/ie, a busy body, a med-
dler in other men's affairs.
, inquietude, dissatisfaction.
, a fiction, a lie ; bfijonn, the
same. — PL

O/i;oflb<xt<MY), to paint, to counter-
G4

feit.

, a dream,

a revere; <x mbont6bb, in
dreams.

and b/i<xon, a drop.

a sophister. — /Y.
sophistry.

>/t;or-T, pressed ; also apt to break,
brittle.

crackling,
babbling.

, a witch or sorceress,
and b;t;ot-b<xlb, Lat. brito-
balbus, stammering, like a Bri-
ton, because the Britons seemed
to the Irish to speak in a stam-
mering and awkward manner.
/tjotdjn;^, the British tongue.
/t;ot<x;/ie, a stammerer, or stut-
tering person
fraction.

tender, brittle; also nim-
ble, active; also open or free-
hearted.

vj^e<xb, a breach ; also to break,
to win ; bo bitjy" y~e tni c<xt<x
Ofi/tt<x, he broke three legions of
them, aliter, he won three bat-
tles from them,
a wound.

a breach or derout of an
army ; ex. bfi;^le<xc roo/t ma;j
mu;/tte;mne, the bloody and ge-
neral derout of the plain of Muir-
temny.

breeches.

and b;te<xc, signify speckled,
spotted, party-coloured, or paint-
ed ; hence b^jt;ne<xc and b^;t-
tjnnjOf, the measles, as being a
speckled or painted distemper ;
hence also O/vjotrxvc, orO|te<xc-
rxxc, a Briton, or Welshman,
whence Brittania, compounded
of b;i;c, painted, and t&n, or
t<i;n, an Irish or Celtic word,
meaning a country, region, or
dominion : thus Brit-tania means

bn

6)7

the country of the Brits, or
painted people, because the an-
cient inhabitants thereof painted
their bodies. — f id. Canibden's
Brit.

0/t;teajla;b, kind, gentle, cour-
teous.

P;tO, old, ancient.
O}\o, a grinding-stone, a quern, or

hand-mill.

PfiO, much, many, plenty.
i,)ftoa/t, a fault or error,
l^/toa^, old age.
oc, a badger.

,Voc<xc, dirty, ill-scented, odious.
'^noca/i, pottage.

-^"O/tob and b/ta;b, a goad-prick, a
sting ; cleac b;tOjb, a long club,
with a goad at one end, to drive
draft-horses,
p'tobojl, proud, saucy.
DftOJ, a shoe, or brogue.
"hO/tOg, or b;tug, a house or habita-
tion ; via. bitug infra ; /"J^-bftOj,
a fairy-house; ;tjj-b/t0j, a royal
house.

Onoj, sorrowful, melancholy.
O/tOgac, lewd, leacherous, wan-
ton.

0 no jab, increase, gain, profit, opu-
lent ; ex. nj b»to jajbe e an bea-
jan ^*an, he is not the more opu-
lent for that trifle.
O^oja; jjl, dirt or filth.
Onojajn, excess, abuse.
Onojba, excessive, superfluous ;

also great.

DnOjce. a mole or freckle.
Ono;c/ie, idem.
>no;cneac, freckled,
jtojbjnealra, embroidered.

embroidery,
the sea-raven.
rid. b;tu, the belly or
womb ; to/iab bo b/tonn, Jo^a,
the fruit of thy womb, Jesiis ;
r^te na b;to;nn, through her bel-
lv; a mbnojnn an eirr, in the
fish's b-liy.

G.3

, to excite or provoke.
/to;j-n;n, a bundle, or small ga-
thering of sticks, &c. to make
fuel ; dimin. of bj\0fn&.
OftO;tbe<xnba, carnation, or flesh-
coloured. — PL

, talkative, prattling.
, the bosom, or breast.

boldness, confidence.
/iottac, a prologue ; bjonbnoUac,
the preface of a book or other
writing.
O'tomac, a colt ; c/tjoc<xt b^omac

<i^"(Xjt, thirty ass-colts.
Oftoman<xc and b^iomantra, mstic,

rude, impertinent.
0/tomu^^uboi^ac, too confident, too

full of assurance.
Ofton, sorrow, grief.
O/t6n-mujl;nn, a mill-stone.
Upon, a fasting.

On6/i<xc, sorrowful, mournful, la-
mentable, also sorry ; oy b;ton<xc
<xn njb, e, it is a lamentable case
or thing; <\f b/tono.c me bon
^-geul fjn, I am sorry for that
account.

0;ton<xb, destruction.
Upon £<xbajl, or b^un-j<xbajl, con-
ception ; from b;tu and bpun, a
womb or belly ; and g<xbcv;t,
taking or conceiving.
, a gift or favour.
, a track, or sign, an impres-
sion ; m<vjft;b ba ejf na bpo/ina,
exinde mantut impressa ejus
vestigia.
/\onn, the breast.

/tonnab and brtonrxx^m, to give, to
bestow, to present ; b/tonnpa fe,
he will bestow.

a flux or lax.
, distempered with
the flux.

/tonnca, bestowed, devoted, pre-
sented.

nonnccy and bpiOntana^, a gift,
favour, or present.

, an incentive or piovo-
i

bn

bn

-(-

cation; also to hasten, to make
haste or expedition ; bo B/tor-
bu; jeabu/i, they hastened.

O;to^<ib, an exhortation, a per-

7 suasion.

0/iop7a, a faggot or bundle, an
armful.

O;top7ac, the name of a river in
the County of Tipperary, and of
a village in the County of Kerry.

tyot, a mote.

6 /ioc, a straw ; v ulg. bjiob.
Oftot:, broth; <xnb/tu;t, the same,

from <xn, water, and b;iu;t, flesh,
- i. e. ajf^e j:eol<x, flesh-water.
P/iot<x;;ie, a chaldron.
0^oc<x;;ie, a butcher, or slaughter-

man.
0;ioc<x;;tne, i. e. ;iu<x;nne, or /t;be,

down, fur, &c.
0/tOC;n<X;t5<x, a butchery, or sham-

bles ; also a victualling-house. —

7 PL

0;tOtl<xc, a boiling-pit ; poll no

;on<a.b net nobe<v;ibt:<v/t, j:e6;l <x
tt<xlm<x;n. — See Keating's Ac-
count of the Method used by the
Feinians, commanded by Fion
Mac Cumhail, to stew their meat
in pits dug into the earth.
0;iu, the womb or belly : the in-
flexions of it make bfiOnn,b/io;n,
b/io;nne, bpiu;nn, &c. ; Wei. bry,
Gr. 3w and /3pvv, vox infan-

tium potum petentium.

0/tu, a hind, a deer ; vid. b<x; jle
supra.

bpu, a country ; hence b/tutojnne,
the low marshy part of Orrery
in the County of Cork; Wei.
bro. — Vid. Comp. Etym. pag. 3.
col. 3.

Oftu, the borders or banks of a ri-
ver ; vid. b^uotc.

O^u<xc, a bank, edge, or border ;
<x^ b;umc n<x bairxxn, on the
brink of the river; fie b;tu<xc,
by the coast ; b/iuoic no. i)
te, the borders of Egypt.
6G

and

a fawn.

a suburb;

7 b<x;le, idem.

0/tu<xcbcL and b/iojba, stately, great,
magnificent.

0/iua;b and b/iu;b, y?/a^ b/tu;r;
Lat. brutum, a peasant, a coun-
tryman.

.3/iu<x;b;;t, a dream.

O/tucb, a belch.

!?/iucb, froth ; also a blast.

.3f\ucb<x;m, to belch, to spring up.

3/tuban, a salmon; b;iubcxn 05, a
salmon-trout.

P;iube<X£, a soliciting, or enticing.

Oftub<vjte<xc, a tiiread-bare gar-
ment — PI

Of(ub<x;m and b/iuj<x;m, to pound,
to bruise.

O/iuj, a grand house, or building,
a fortified place, a palace, or
royal residence. This Celtic or
Irish word b;iuj or b/iOr is ori-
ginally the same with the Ger-
man, Gallic, and Hispanic, brui-

§a, briga, and broga; whence
le Latins formed the word bri-
ga at the end of the names of
certain places, as samarobriga ;
vid. Caesar. Com. lib. 5. and la-
tobriga; as also the Greeks their
Bpm, as ZrjAajujSpta, MfcrrjjujSpta,
vid. Cluver de Ger. Ant. 1. I.e.
7. where he even remarks, p. 61,
that the ancient Celts pronounced
this briga as broga, which is the
same as the Irish b;tOj or b/tuj.
This Celtic word bfiOg or b;iuj
is the root of the word b/\u; je<xn,
signifying the same thing, quod
vid. infra. From this same bftUT
or bfiog, with the prefixed word
<xll, a rock or rocky, the national
name -crilob^oj; may naturally
be derived.

O^U5<x;be, a husbandman, plough-
man, or farmer.

O/iu j<xb, or b/tu; jeab, a burgher,
or farmer.

0/tu j, a monument ; also a heap or

lump.

' iVu j> a *own or borough.
jrO/tujab and bfiujajno, to bruise,
pound; also to oppress, hard-
ship, &c. ; Tr^t bftu jab tan mob
;ab, that they were oppressed
beyond measure ; noc b/tu; j-
tea;t, that are bruised.

Pftu j<VJbe, gormandizing.

0/tu;, the belly, paunch ; vzW.

;tu;b, grief, anxiety, sorrow.
;xujb, captivity ; 5 <Dba;b;

50

P

, from David to the capti-
vity of Babylon are fourteen ge-
nerations. — Matt. cap. 1. v. 17.
tujb, pricked or pointed.
;tu;be, a carrying or bringing.

0/iu;beama;l, brutal, beastly ; com-
parat. b;tu;bearola, more bru-

. tish.

p;tu;beamlact, brutality, gluttony.

O/tujbeact, a colony ; potius

,

O/tujbJbe, or b/tu; je, a farmer, a

husbandman.

Oftu; j, bo b;tu; j ^e, he boiled. •

Ortu; je, a farm, or lands.

0/tu; jean, a strife, quarrel, fight ;
briga in the barbarous Latin sig-
nifies the same thing ; briga, i. e.

, a palace, royal house or
seat; 2/7*rfe b/tuj jean caortca^n.
It is like the ^ram of the Welsh,
signifying a king's court; they
also call it priv-lys, as the Irish
do, with the same pronunciation,
pftjm-l;^, a principal seat. —
N. B. Strabo observes, lib. 7,
that brio-, and in the accusat.
brian, in the Thracian language
signified a to\vn or habitation;
the Irish bjtuj jean is pronounced
b/tujan, the same as the Thracian
brian, both words being also of
the same signification. Note
67

bn

also, that Strabo, in the same
book, 7th, says that the Phryges
were formerly called Bryges, or
Bruges, as the Greeks write it,
and were a kind of Thracians :
Phryges antiquitus Bryges

Thracum

genus.

non Bruges, ut
(id,

Qucere an
revera Greece

scribitur, (id quod Hiberno-
Celtice Orture^,) quia domos
et civitates liabitabant, sicque
distinguebantur a Notnadibus ?
0;vjjeanac, riotous, turbulent,

quarrelsome.
Oj\ajn, a chaldron.
O/tu;n, the womb, or belly.
ip;tu;neabac, an apron.
Oftu;nneac, a mother, a matron, a

nurse.

Oftojntreac, big with child.
O;tu;tr, hangings, curtains.
O/tujte, beaten, oppressed, bruised.
Of\u)'c, flesh.

sodden, boiled,
a skirmish.

and b/tujcneoc, heat,
warmth.

>;tu;tjm, to boil, also to bake.
>/tujtne and briu;tne6;^, a refiner
of gold or silver, or other metal.
>^u;cneac, glowing, as in a fur-
nace.

ftuiD, a broom. /*
>/tuma;m, to vaunt backwards.
>;tut, the hair of the head.
>;tuc, strengtli, vigour, spri<jhtli-
ness; hence the epithet b/tot-
b^Jorma^ given to a strong
sprigntly man; also rage, any
heat or warmth ; Wei. brud,fer-
vidus.

UJHTC, a wedge or piece of any me-
tal when glowing and red hot out
of the furnace.

0/tucccin, broth or soup ; /tug Jacob
le)^ an b^tuccan aguy tuj ba
aca;fi e, Jacob carried the soup,
and gave it to his father. Lea-
b^eac.

6 u

b/iujtjnedc, the measles, variola;,

vid. b/v)tr.
budbdl, a horn; hence it some-

times stands for a cornet of a

troop ; Wei. byelin, a drinking-

horn, derived from byal, a buffalo

or wild bull ; budl, bubalus, urus.

—Vid. Dav. in Diet. Brit.
budcdjt, a servant, a boy; pro-

perly a cow-herd ; Gr. J^OVKO-

Aoc, i- e- Pastor bourn ; the Irish

derivation is from bo, pi. bud, or

budjb, a cow, and cdl, to keep,

i. e. custos bourn, a cow -herd;

Corn, bigal, Wei. and Cor. bi-

gel.

budcdjf , the wick of a candle.
budcdjtledc, herding.
budb, food ; also a bait. t
budbd, victorious ; budbdc, the

same.
budbd, estimable, precious ; Of

c;onr> n<x cctoc mbudbd, above

precious stones.
budb-dtl, triumphant, all-victo-

rious.
budb-d^g, a victorious champion,

a hero.
budbd/^ut;, clamorous, shouting

with victory.
budbd/- and budbdcd^, victory,

triumph.
budbd/'td-j troubled, afflicted, from

budbd; ;tt, trouble.
bu<XbU)fli a judge. <
budbmd/t and^budbdc, swaying,

conquering, victorious.
budjr, a toad; hence bud;jredc

signifies poisonous ; and bu

a young toad.

cb an(l budjrdb, poison
b, menacing, threatening.
, a young toad; r*

, a viper
ku<Xf<Xt<X/i, an adder.

» a tap or faucet
01

a wave.

f ft, victory, conquest,

bud;bedb, to trouble, to afflict.

bud;bedn, a throng or multitude ;
rectius bu;bedn.

Oud;b;m, to overcome, to swray over.

bud;b;/ic, tumult ; also crosses,
affliction.

bud;b;iedb, to trouble, vex,perplex.

bud;b/tedb, vexation, discontent-
ment.

bud;b/i;m, to molest, or disquiet.

bud;jrp;d/-c, a serpent. — PI.

bud;tedb, to strike, smite, or thresh ;
bud;lj:;b j~e fejle nd eubdn, he
shall spit in his face.

Oud;l jld/-, a mill-pond.

bud; I;, an ox-stall, or cow-house.

bud;t;b, a dairy-house ; v id. buci;l-

, cede.

DiKVjlljle, a mower or reaper.

bud;ltedc and budjle, a dairy-
house, a summer-house or tent
for making butter and cheeses in.

Oud;lc;/7, a flail; bud;ltedn, the
same.

Oud;r>, to loose or untie ; dg butvjn
d b^ioj, untying his shoes.

Oud;n, to take.— Mat. 5. 40.

Oud;fl, cutting, reaping ; dj bud;n
mond, cutting turf.

Oud;r>, equality, comparison, pa-
rity ; c/teb e bud;n nd cdtu ]\jf
dn cc;tu;cnedct, what is the
chaff to the wheat ?

bud;nc;ncedcc, constant care or
attendance.

bud;ne, most durable, more last-
ing ; d^ bud;ne bldb nd ^-dO^dl,
reputation lasts longer than life.

Oud;ne, perpetuity, continuance.

Oua;nceo;/t, a reaper, or mower;
bud;nteo;/t;je connu;j, hewers
of wood.

budl, wrater.

Hudldb, a remedy or cure.

budldb and budld;m, to thresh,
strike, smite ; Gr. fio\r\,j (ictus.

budld;nli, clnclvs avis, PI. a kind
of sea-lark.

bu

Oualc,'t<\(inac, a float or raft; Lat.
rat is.

Qtmtcomla, a mill-dam.

Ou<xttdc and bualt/tac, cow-dung.

Ouan, lasting, continual. Tliis word
is often used in the first part of
a compound, and always signifies
perpetuity.

uan, good; Lat. bonus, Gloss.
vet.

uucina and buancx;be, a hewer,
reaper, &c.

Ou<in<x, a quartered soldier ; fa-
ojt/vjoc no buana <x^ g<xc rjg,
a quartered soldier in every
house.

Outxrxxctr, forced or tyrannical quar-
tering, like that of the Danes on
the Irish ; unfair or unjust bil-
leting; buanact n<x Loclannac
<x;jt pe<x/ta;b ej/tjon.i, the unjust
quartering of the Danes, &c. ;
it was called by the name buan-
<xcc, because during the tyran-
nical oppression of these fo-
reigners, the Irish had no inter-
mission from this oppressive kind
of Danish quartering called bua-
n<xcc, quasi sit buanjoct, per-
manent entertainment.

6u<xn<ty* and Ivdnact, perpetuity,
duration, perseverance.

Oudncu;mne, a chronicle.

Ouafi, oxen, kine, &c., like the Lat.
boarius, of or belonging to oxen,
as forum boar him, the cow-
market.

Ouci;t<xc, a cow-spancel, or rope to
tie cattle, especially cows, while
they are milking.

c, early in the morning,
the belly.
, a breach or rout.
, bovibus abundans. — PI.

Oubab, threatening, menacing.

foubac, sly, crafty, wily.
•f Ducl<x, a buckle.

6ub, the world ; Wei. byd.

•cVb, was.

69

bu

pube<xc(J.jr, thanks, thanksgiving.

Duj, a kind of herb, a leek ; ex.
bea»tc<x ma/t blao; bon bu j<x j-<\.
ba bn&oj ce<x;tc<x cciotbubA, her
eyes green as a branch of the
leek, and her two black small
even eyebrows.

Ouj, a breach, a rout; tu;c, the
same.

an unlaid egg that lias not
yet a shell ; or an embryo-egg ;
rid. bogun.

Ouj^<x, the box-tree.

Ou;ceab, a bucket. -

PU;C, a breach.

nu;c;le;/t, a buckler.

Oujbel, a bottle.

Ou;b and bu;be<xc, thankful, grate-
ful.

Ou;be, thanks ; as bo be;»tjm <x
bu;be j\e t);<x, I give thanks to
God : hence the common phrase,
<i bu;be ;te b;<x pn, thanks be
to God for it.

Ou;be and bu;beacb, thanks, piety,
gratitude.

Ou;be, yellow ; c/ie bujbe, yellow
clay ; bu;be con<x;l, a plague in
Ireland, anno 665. — K. Perhaps
the same with the vad-uelen
amongst the Britains.

Oujbe n<x njn je<xn, the herb spurge,
the juice whereof is of so hot
and corroding a nature, that
being dropped upon warts it eats
them up ; in Latin, titJiymallus.

Uu;be<xc, thankful, grateful.

Oujbeacci;", gratitude, thanks.

Ou;beo.ct, yellowness.

Ou;bean and bujb;r», a band or
troop of soldiers ; plur. bu;bne ;
also a company or multitude.

6u;be<!icCxn, the yolk of an egg.

Oujg-bujnne, bullrushes, the plur.
of bog-bujnne.

Oujge, softer ; the compar. degree
of boj ; also softness.

, a bullrush ; rectius bog-

bu

bu;gy";n, a little box.

bujl, the river Boyle in the County
of Mayo.

bujle and bujleab, madness, rage ;
<x/i bujle, mad, crazy, or dis-
tracted; Lat. bills.

bujle<xro<xjl, mad, raging mad.

bujle&n, or bujljn, a small loaf of
bread; t/rj |ceb bujljn, three
hundred loaves.

bujlle, a stroke or blow.

yujtj, a pair of bellows.

bujlg, a distemper very noxious to
cattle, especially kine, which is
thought to proceed from the
want of water; or from violent
heat.

Oujljlecy, a blister.

bujljle<x^<xc, spotted, blistered,
pock-holed ; from botj<xc, the
pock, and lecy, a spot.

bujme, a nurse.

bujmpj;-, a pump, also the sole of
a shoe, pronounced bu;mpe;^.

bujnne, a tap or spout ; a tap or
spigot.

Oujnne, an ulcer.

bujnne, a branch, a twig; hence
boj-bujnne, a bull-rush.

bu;nne<xc, the lax, a flux, or loose-
ness.

bujnnean, a shoot, a young twig
or branch; the diminutive of
bujnne.

bujnnecvn le<nn<x, a bittern.

bujnnjje, that is troubled with the
flux.

bajnnj/te, rectius bonnaj/ie, afoot-
man, a post-boy.

bujnt<xc, vid. bujnn; je.

buj/tbe, wrath, anger, severity.

bujfibe, more robust, or wrathful.

bujfteab, or buj^jretxb, roaring,
bellowing; bujftjb <yy<k)l, the
braying of an ass ; 0.5 jnr^ejm
^Tur" <XT bujrt, ravening and roar-
ing.

bujpieab, gore, or corrupt mat-
ter.

70

b u

c, rectius bo/ij-uijac, pu-
issant, warlike, brave ; compound
of bo/1/t, great or extraordinary ;
and a <x, battle or fight ; quasi

, an outcry, a bellowing.
a burgess, rectius
, from b^iuj, a town, or
habitation.

;fi^;n, now Dumten, a barony in
the County of Clare, which an-
ciently belonged to the O'Loch-
lins; its genitive case is bo;^-
ne.

a haunch or buttock.
, a pouch, scrip, or satchel.
u;te, fire ; vid. bo;tr.
6u;teat<xc, a large fire.
6u}tle;/i, a butler; bu;tlea/i<icb,
butlership.

, a manner or fashion.
a pope's bull. £
utla, a bowl ; ceannbulla, bowls
of the chapiter.

OuUdc, the fish called Connor.
buimbean, an old woman.
Oun, about, keeping ; <x mbun <x
cc<xo/iac, taking care of their
sheep ; <x robun a le<xbo./t, about
his books.

bun, the stump or bottom, or root

of any thing; bun <x ne<x/ib<xjl,

the rump ; bun Of cjonn, upside

down, topsy-turvy ; join bun g<xn

ba^ift, without head or tail.

bunab, the stock, or origin, root,

&c. ; buntxb t/te;be, the stock or

origin of a tribe or family.

bun<xbuy, iMt.fundamentum, foun-

dation, origin, radix ; also autho-

r ritv:_

Oun<xbu^<xc, authentic ; jo buna-

bu^<xc, with authority; also ra-

dical or fundamental.
buna;t, a foundation ; also a dwell-

ing, or habitation.
bun-6.;te<xc, fundamental.
bun-ajt;jjm, to found or esta-

blish.

bu

bun-ca;leac, an old woman.

ban-cjof, chiefiy, or chief-rent.
,bunbun, the iundament; also any
base blunder.

bunbunac, ungainly, blundering,
silly ; bujne bu/ibunac, a clumsy,
bungling, clouterly man.

bann, work.

Ounncin, a bittern.

bunr>r~<xc<x, rods or osiers ; bo can
Jacob bunpxca blara bneacba-
t<i fno. locn<xc<\)b <i^d trcomajl-

;tejt, Jacob put speckled osiers
in the ponds where the sheep
were led to wash and cool them-
selves in the ramming season. —
fid. leaba/t b/teac, in Gen. c.

6u

30. v. 37,38, 41.
Ountrop, hast}' or sudden.
bannui)<\f, authority; vid. bun<x-

feats,

c, authentic.
un, or bun, your. - •
UK<XC, exploits, military
great valour.

uftjaj/te, a burgess, a citizen.
af, shall be ; n; be fO bu^ o; j^e
Ofit, this is not he that shall be
your heir.
uf, the mouth.

f, on this side ; <in t<xob <x baf
bor> <xm<vjn, on this side the ri-
ver.

, to stop, to hinder.
, a boot.

REMARKS ON THE LETTER C.

THIS letter obtains the third place in the modern Irish alphabet, as
it does in the Latin, and other European alphabets. Our grammarians
distinguish it by the name of Coll, which is the hazel-tree in Irish, Lat.
Corylus ; and so every other letter of the Irish alphabet is called by the
name of some particular tree of the natural growth of the country : for
which reason the old Irish called their letters and writings peaba, i. e.
woods; and so did the old Romans call their literary compositions by
the name of Sylvee, when they wrote on leaves of trees and tables of wood ;*
the Danes also called their runics by the name of Bogstave, for the same
reason and in the same sense. — Vid. Olam Wormius de Liter. Riui.
pag. 6, 7. The Irish C, or Coll, is ranked by our grammarians among
those consonants they call bOT-cOn^ojneaba, soft consonants : though it
is to be noted that this letter invariably preserves a strong sound where-
ever it stands in its simple and unaspirated state, whether in the begin-
ning, middle, or end of a word ; so that of its own nature it always carries
the force of the Gr. K, or the English k ; but when it is aspirated by an
b subjoined to it, or a full-point set over it, instead of the b, it then car-
ries the soft, gutteral, or whistling sound of the Greek ^, or the Spa-
nish x.

Our Irish copyists have frequently substituted the letter 5 in the place
of c, which substitution is, indeed, the more natural, as they both may be
regarded as letters of the same organ ; and yet this exchange was not

* Vid. .Eneid. 1. 6. Gellius, 1. 11. c. 10. Sueton. de Claris Grammat. Cicero de Ora-
tore, 1. 3. Quintilian. 1. 10. c. 3.

71

REMARKS ON THE LETTER C.

always free from abuse, as it sometimes carried away the Irish words
from their natural affinity with other languages, especially the Latin,
thus : for c<xba;t, Lat. capra, a goat, they wrote jdba/i ; for c<xmul, Lat.
camelus, a camel, and metaphorically, a simpleton, they wrote gamut ;
for be;c, or beac, Lat. decem, they wrote beag ; for con or co, Lat. cinu
or co, they write 50/7, or 30 ; as for con <x mb/tcijt^b, Lat. cum suisfra-
tribus, they write gon <x mbfKtjt/i;b ; for co ngatlajb, i. e. con gaUa;b,
Lat. cum gallis, they write 50 ngtxllajb, &c. And, vice versa, our
grammarians have as frequently substituted c in the place of g, esteeming
these two letters naturally commutable with each other, like b and t, as
indeed they always were in most of the ancient languages. But it is par-
ticularly to be observed, that although the letters c and g usurp each
other's places, yet in the Irish language they never exchange sound or
power, each invariably preserving its own natural power and pronunciation
wherever it appears ; for c is always a K ; and g is as constantly a strong
ungutteral j, excepting the case of their being aspirated by the imme-
diate subjoining of an b. This property seems peculiar to the Irish or Cel.
amongst the old languages, since we see in the oldest draughts of the Heb.
and Gr. letters that the J of the former, and the j of the latter, are marked
down as having the force and pronunciation of either g or c indifferently ;
which is likewise the case in the Armenian, ^Ethiopian, and Coptic al-
phabets, as appears by the tables of Dr. Barnard and Dr. Morton. Thus
likewise do all the other letters of the Irish alphabet constantly preserve
their respective force and power, without usurping on each other's pronun-
ciation or function, as it happens in other languages, wherein^ often
usurps that pf .?, as in the Latin word Cicero, as does likewise t when
ininiediatelylollowed by the vowel i, and then by any other vowel, as in
the words Titins, Mauritius, usurpatio, 8fc. So that if Lucian had to
deal only with the Irish alphabet, he would have had no room for the
humorous quarrel and lawsuit he raised between the consonants of his
alphabet for encroaching on each other, as those of most other alphabets
frequently do, by usurping each other's function of sound and pronun-
ciation. And this circumstance regarding the Irish alphabet is the more
remarkable, as its whole natural and primitive stock of letters is but six-
teen iu number, the same as that of the first Roman or Latin alphabet
brought by Evander the Arcadian, which was the original Cadmean or
Phoenician set of letters communicated to the Grecians, and yet our six-
teen letters of the primitive Irish alphabet were sufficient for all the es-
sential purposes of language, each preserving its own sound or power
without usurping that of any other letter; as to the I) it is only an aspi-
rate in the Irish language, and never entered as a natural element into the
frame of any word; though indeed of late ages it seems to have put on
the appearance and function of a letter when used as a prefix to a word
that begins with a vowel, which happens only in words referred to females
or the feminine gender : for in Irish we say 01 <x;be, his face ; but as to >
the face of a woman, we must say tx ba;be, where the b is a strong aspi-
rate, and carries such a force as it does in the Latin her/, hodic, the
Greek 'Ayiog and rHpaK\£oe, the French, hero, the English, hoxf, &c.
And as to the p, we shall, in our remarks on that letter, allege some
72

reasons which may seem to evince that it did not originally belong to the
Irish alphabet.

One remark more remains to be made on the letter C. which relates
to the aspirate or guttural sound, (the same as the Greek ^,) it is sus-
ceptible of at the beginning of a word ; a remark which is equally appli-
cable to the letter b, and partly to other consonants of the Irish alphabet :
in all nominal words or nouns substantive, of whatever gender, beginning
with c, and bearing a possessive reference to persons or things, of the
masculine gender, the letter c is aspirated, but not so when they are re-
ferred to feminines : ex. a ceann, (mascul.) his head; a cor, his foot :
a ceann, (fern.) her head ;,a cor, her foot. So likewise in b : a buacajt,
(mas.) his servant-man: a beanrclaba, (fern.) his servant-maid," a
buacajl, her man-servant ; a beofl-rctaba, her woman-servant. But
when those words, or any other nominals, are taken absolutely, and with-
out reference to any thing, those of the feminine gender alone are aspi-
rated in their initial letter, whether c or b : ex. an cor, the foot; an
bean-rclaba, the maid-servant; an buaca;l, the man-servant. So that
this prefixing of the particle an before nouns substantives, is one method
of discovering their gender, but it does not hold good with regard to
nouns beainnins with b or c.

C tt

Ca, in Irish, is always an inter-
rogative, and has various signifi-
cations; as, what? ex. ca bam,
what tinie? ca bu;ne, what man ?
how : ex. ca jrea/i/i, how better?
ca ba;/ibe, how tall \ whither,
or where : ex. ca /iaca;b tu,
whither art thou bound I ca bj:;l
tu, where art thou ? Lat. qua :
ca bua;/i, when ? ca bar, whence ?
&c.

Ca, or ca;, a house.

Cab, the mouth; analogous to this
word is the Gr. tcajSn, food, and
the Lat. cibus.

Caba, a cloak; also a cap or co-
vering of the head ; Lat. cappa.

Cabac, babbling or talkative.

Cabac, a hostage ; ex. b' jrjlleabajt
ca/t anajr gan cap gan cabac,
they returned without tribute or
hostage. — Chron. Scot.

Cabaja, a drab or quean, i. e. a
common strumpet.

Caba;te, a fleet, or navy.
73

Cabaj/te, a babbler, a talkative
fellow.

Caba;/teact, a prating or bab-
bling.

Cabon and cabun, a capon; Lat.
capo, and Gr. KUTT^V.

Caban, a tent, booth, or cottage ;
Wei. gaban.

Cab a/i, a conjunction or union.

Caba/t, a joint.

Caba/xta, joined.

Cab a/t, a goat. J^

Caba;/i, help, relief, succour. It
is prononnced cou;/i, Gr. ETT^-
ovoog, auxiliator.

Caba;/te, a helper, assistant, &c.

Cabaj/ijm, to help, to aid.

Caban, a field, a plain, -i^-

Caban^a;t, the prop or stay of a
a building, the wind-beam.

Caba/ta, a shield or buckler : it is
more properly a helmet or head-
cover, for it seems to be the
same as cat-ba/i, from ba/i, the
top or crown of the head, and

cat, fight.

Caba/ita and c&b<x/ttd.c, helpful,
comfortable ; luct cabcx/tca, as-
sistants^ auxiliaries.

Cabl<xc, a fleet.

C<xbog, a jackdaw.

Cabog, a ransacking or plunder-
ing.

• Cabla, the cable of a ship ; plur.
cablajbe.

Cab/icx, id. qd. c<vbo.)fi, succour,
&c.

CaB/ia;^;nr), to help, or succour;
also to conspire. — PL

C<xbftab, a coupling, or joining.

C<xb;ia;tn, to bind or tie.

C<xc, the ordure or dung of man,
beast, or fowl, and in its in-
flexions; ca,ca is like the Gr.
Ka££i}, stercus, merda.

Caca and cac<x;m, to go to stool,
like the Gr. ica^aw, and the Lat.
caco, cacare.

Cac, all, every, the rest ; like the
French chaque ; ccic ejle, all
the rest ; vid. gac ; tjnTjre c&c
<\7;t a to/rg, the rest will pursue
him.

C<x6an bujt, i. e. cci ta;ib<x bujt ?
what use to you ?

Cacn<v/m, to effect, or bring to
pass.

Cactr, a maid-servant, bond- wo-
man.

C<xct, the body ; 710 Uqb 50 b<x;n-
jl;8 <x^ <x 6<xct, he quitted the
prison of his body ; i. e. he re-
tired from this world into the
converse of angels. — Vid. Chron.
Scot.

Coict, as py. c<xct, generally.

C<xct, a fasting, fast, &c.

C<xcttt, hunger.

Cact<xiT)<X)l, of or belonging to a
servant.

C<xb, is an interrogative, and signi-
fies what : as, c<vb bo pjnne tu,
what hast thou done? c<xb cu;je,
what for? Lat. quid, quod.
74

C<xba;no, a fall, also hap, chance ;
Lat. cado ; Wei. codum, a fall.

C<xb<xb, an eclipsis, or suppression
of a letter which happens when
the radical letter is not pro-
nounced, though written in the
beginning of a word.

C<xb<Xftu^, i. e. catu/iu^, whither?
which way ?

Cdbar, cotton ; also the cotton
plant called bombast.

Co.b<xl, a basin.

C<xb<xt, a skin, or hide.

-, friendship, honour, privi-
lege.— K.

'-., respectful, honourable.
k, i. e. c<xba/i, a goat.

C<xbla, delightful, charming.

C<xbt<x, the small guts.

Cab-lujb, the herb cudvvorth.

CabrKxmoi, equal, alike.

Cab/ianta and c<xb/i<xn^<x, stub-
born, obstinate.

C<xec, blind; Lat. ccecus. — Vid.
caoc.

Caem, a feast or entertainment.

Caj, a jackdaw.

;, profit, advantage.
., the herb cockle.

i, to spare ; cajol <w <x/t-
t, to spare the corn ; cagajl
fjnn <x CJ7;<x/in<x, spare us, O
Lord.

Caj<xltr, frugality.

Cagaltttc, frugal, sparing.

Caj<x/t and cog<xji, a whisper, a
secret.

C<xga;b, legal, just.

Cajna;!)) and cognajm, to chew.

C<x;, or COLO;, a way, or road.

Co.;, i. e. cu<xc, the cuckoo; ex.

be<xnn<vjb no. mbo ; i. e. the cuc-
koos used to sing perched on the
horns of the cows.

Co.;bbe<xn, a number, or multi-
tude.

Caibbean, a harlot or prostitute
also any depraved or debauch

C rf

c a

person.

Cajbne, friendship.

C-ajojbjl, a chapter; Lat. cipitu-
lum.

Co.jbjnneact:, talkativeness, pra-

_ ting.

Co.jcme, a kind of neck ornament.
— PL

Co,;b, a rock.

C<i;b, t'z'rf. cujb, a part or share.

C<x;bce, fine calm weather.

C<xjbe, where ? wherefore ?
/rCajb, i. e. ge<xno,mnujj, chaste,
pure, unspotted. It is generally
pronounced cajg in the province
of Minister.

C<xjb, order; also a manner or
fashion.

C<xjbe, i. e. co, e ? who is he ?

Cojbe, dirt ; also a blemish.

Cdjbeac, polluted.

CajbeamO-jl, becoming, decent.

Cu.;b;be, hides, skins.

Cojb;ol, a sun-dial.

Co.jbfteo,b, or cojbpieo,b, acquain-
tance, friendship.

C<xjb,neo.b, fellowship in traffic.

Co.jbrteo.roo,c, conversant, acquain-
ted ; also a companion.

C<x; jne, the inflexions of co.jnjeu.n,
quod rid.

Cajgnean, a van to winnow withal.

Co;l, a condition or state; also
quality.

Cajl and co.jljbeu.ct:, good dispo-
sition, the quality of a thing or
person; <x beuj cujt, his good
name or good quality; o, beuj-
cajljbeucta, id.

Cajt and CL cca;t, behind.

C<xjl, a spear, a javelin.

C<x;l, an appearance.

C<v/tbe, a mouth, an orifice.

C<xjl-be<Xftb, a cow-herd, from c<vjl,
to keep, and pea/tb, a cow.

C<x;lc, a buckler.

Ca;lc, chalk, or lime; Lat. calx,
calcis, and Gr. xa\&, lapis ex
f{uo ccementum fit.
75

ijl, chalky.

C<x;lceant<x, hard.

C<x;lc;n, a little shield.

Ca;lc;n, a disorder which affects
the eyes.

C<x;le, a country-woman ; whence
the dimin. c<xjl;r>, a marriage-
able girl, a young woman : it is
analogous to the Gr. k-aXrj, fitl-
chra, and the Heb. n^D, sponsa,
mints.

C<x;leo.c, a cock; Wei. keiliog ;
this Irish word forms cujlj j in
the plur ; Lat. gallu-s, and Gr.

, a letharg}-.
i cealj, a sting.
, pungent, pricking.
, a qualification ; also a
quality.
C<x;tjn, a girl ; rid. c<xjle.
C<x;ll, loss; <x;m^j?t ^ie cctjll and

,

and a time to lose; c<x;tl no.
maojne, confiscation of goods.
C<x;tlcul<x, i. e. c<xjlletuml<x, ^je-
<ila c<x;tlete<xmla, old wives'
tales.

C<vjtte, or c<xtla, a veil or cowl
given to a nun or monk ; ex. po
GQo.c-Cu.jUe c<xjlle

ceunn nuom 0/t; jbe ; Lat. po-
suit Maccaleut velum super ca-
put sanctce Brigidfe.

CujUeuc, an old woman; cujlleuc
bub, a nun of the order of St.
Benedict and others, who wore
black hoods and habits, now
passes as a common name for
nuns of any order; cujlleucu
bubo, in the plur.

Cu.jU.eucu/-, dotage.

CujUeu/3 or cujUjo/-^ a horse or
mare.

CujUeumujn, loss or damage.

CujUjnp, to lose, to destroy.

Cujlljm, to geld ; cujllte, gelded ;
also ruined, destroyed.

Cujllteunuc, an eunuch.

C rf

C<V)lltea/trxvc, a place where shrubs
grow.

C<x;tm;on, a helmet.

C<x;ltjoj and c<x;le<xm<x;n, loss.

C<xjtp;g, a sort of bottle or jug. —
F.

Cajlte, or cotjllte, lost, ruined.

Cctjm, a fault, stain, or blemish ;
5<xn ccn;m g<xn loct, without
stain or blemish.

C<x;me, crookedness; also the com-
parat. degree of cam, more
crooked.

Cajmean, reproved, blemished.

Ca;mbeo.n, a throng or multitude.

Ca;m;/~, a shirt.

C<x;mpecx/t, a champion ; Wei. kam-
piur, Armor, kimper.

Ca;m^e, a shirt, shift, or smock ;
the genitive case of c&jmjf ; Lat.
chamisia ; Gal. chemise.

Ctvjm^eog, or camoj, falsehood,
equivocation.

C<x;n, chaste, undefiled ; as, <x
G01}u;/ie <x flOb<xt<x;/t c<v;n, ^a-
ria Mater intemerata ; also de-
vout, religious : jto b; ^-e c<x;n
na Cfiejbjom ; likewise sincere,
faithful ; bfy~ conjoint cejftt;-
b;te<xt<xc c<x;n ; Lat. candidus.

C<\jn, dearly beloved, choice, &c.

Cujn, a rent, or king's tax, or
amercement; j<xn cujn, without
duties ; cu;/ip;b ^;ab cctjn, they
will amerce ; vid. canac. It
makes ccwa in its genitive case ;
ex. t;ie cp;ll <x carxx bd/i cce<xb-
<xta;/t <Tba;m, through our first
parent's violation of the com-
mandment: here c<\;r> signifies
a precept or commandment.

Cajneab, a dispraising, or reprov-
ing ; Wei. kuyn, complaint.

Ccx;nj:;c;m, to fine, or amerce.

Ctxjnb; jeact, quantity.

Cajngeal, i. e. cl;<xc, a hurdle.

C<x;njean, a rule, cause, or reason.

Cajngean, a supplication or peti-
tion ; ex. bo ;tcvb l;om
76

bo beandiT), he desired
me to make no poor or sparing
petition ; vid. beoroi m<V;ijfie<xt:.

C<x;njean, a compact, covenant,
league, or confederacy; ex. bo
pijnne me c<x;nje<xn /tern Sbu;-
l;B, pepigi fcedus cum oculis
meis. — JOD.

C<x;/igean, in its inflexions makes
ca;gne, as may be seen in the
competition between le<xt-moj
and le<xt-cu;nn.

Ccv;n;m, to dispraise or traduce ;
ex. bo c<rjn aguf bo <xo;;t ^e
;<xb, he dispraised and satirized
them.

C<x;nne<xl, a channel. »

C<x;nne<xl, a candle, potius c<x;n- <;'
be<xl ; Lat. candela.

i, a bitter scolding per-

ct, scolding and curs-

son.

n.

, or c<xo;n^e, the face, or
countenance.

, speech ; ;tem c<x;nt, with
my speech ; <xg c<x;nt, speaking
or talking ; Lat. canto, -are.

C<x;nt:e<xc, talkative, prattling.

Ca;nteo;/i, a babbler, a talkative
person ; c<x;nteo;/t m<x;t, a good
speedier.

C<x;nt;c, a song or canticle.

Ccx;/i, the gum.

C<x^, an image.

Ccv;;ib;m, to shake or quiver.

C<x;/tb/ie, the name of several
princes among the old Irish, the
same as Charibert, the name of
one of the kings of France ; it is
also the name of different terri-
tories; as, C<x;/tb/ie g<xb;t<x, or
Carbury, in the County of Meath,
anciently belonging to the O'Ro-
nains; Ca^tb/ie-<xobb<x, in the
County of Limerick, now called
Kenry, the original country of
the O'Donovans andO'Cuileuns,
or Collins ; also Ca;/ib/ieac<x, in

C cf

the west of the County of Cork,
first called C0ftca-Lu;be, ex-
tending from Bandon to Crook-
haven and to the river of Kin-
mare, anciently possessed by the
O'Driscols, the O'Baires, O'Lea-
rys, O'Henagains, O'Flains,
6'Cowhigs, O'Fihilla, O'Deada,
O'Hea, O'Kiervic, &c.
Ca;/tce<xc, pleasant, agreeable.

~, a twist or turn, as of a

rope.

. CCvjnbe, the plur. of c<Xfia, a friend,
a bosom friend ; Gr. KapSia, the
heart or bosom; ccvj/tbe
kindred, relations.

Ccvjftbe, c^;/ibea^, or
friendship, amity.

Ca;^be, respite of time ; j<xn ca;/t-
be <V7ft b;t, without any delay ;
bo cu;/t fe <vjfi cd;/tbe, he pro-
longed or delayed.

Caj/tbe<Xf-, or caj/tbjo^, a gossip ;
c&j^bjoy-c^jort, a sponsor to
one's child at baptism.

Ca;/tbe<xm<X)l, friendly, favourable.

Ca;;ib;oc, friendly; Wei. karedig.

C<x;;te<xro<x;n, shoemakers.

Co.;it-frj<xb, a hart or stag; Armor.
man.

Cajj\-£)0f, rectlus cab;ia;je<X|-,
Lent ; from qiiadragesima.

Cdjftjjm, to forbid, to prohibit,
to abstain ; c<vj/v;n jreojl ran
t/*<v;U, abstaining from unsalted
meat.

C<vjftl;m, to beat, to strike, &c.

Cd;/tneac, stony, saxatilis ; Y&f-
c<x;^te C<jjftne<xc, is translated
in the Bible, an asprey, com-
monly called the King Fisher.

CvXjjineAc, (SoLja^it) quasi co/to;-
neac, on ccOfto;n bjor u;m <x
c;onn, a priest, thus Clery ; but
the true origin of the word c<x;;t-
neac is from cann, a heap of
stones, &c. on which the Druids
or Pagan priests offered sacri-
fices to Belus; whence the Ar-
77

morics have the word belec, to
signify a priest.

C<vj;t/t; j;m, to amend, to correct.

Cd;^tea;c, or c<xn^<x;cc, a rock, or
bulwark ; Gr. \apaZ,, vallum ;
in its oblique cases, ^apajcoe,
YapoKt, it corresponds with the
oblique cases of this Irish word,
to wit, c<x.rt<xjce, or ctyi<vjcce ;
Wei. karreg, and Cornish car-

c and

rocky, full of rocks ; ca/t;t<vjge<x-
m<xjl, idem : it is pronounced

a charioteer ; also a
vctor or conqueror.
a club.

C<x;nt, or coj/tt, the bark or rind
of a tree. From this Celtic word
the Latin word cortex is visibly
derived ; and charta, paper,
seems to be more properly de-
rived from it than from the Gr.
\aip(i>, quoniam saltttatrix, or
the Gr. ^apao-ffw, sculpo, espe-
cially as it is allowed that the
ancients wrote upon the bark
and rind of trees before the in-
vention of parchment. N. B.
the Irish word c<x;/tc signifies
paper, or any piece of writing, or
a book ; as the Latin liber, pro-
perly sisnityino: the inward rind
or bark of a tree, used by the
ancients instead of paper, for the
same reason means a book ; and
as the Gr. /3</3Ao£ also signifies
a book, because the Greeks and
Egyptians anciently wrote upon
the bark of the Egyptian tree
biblos, or bublos, which was
otherwise called papyrus, pa-
per.

C<x;/tt, a charter, deed, bond, or -
indenture ; pi. cajpteana ; also
a card ; pi. cCijtta; j, and plur.
cfyttaca, deeds, bonds, or in-
dentures.

C <f

Ca;;tt, a rock or stone.

C<t;;tte, or c<x;;-it, a chariot or

cart.
C<x;/tt-ce<xp, the nave of a cart-

wheel.

a waggoner, a carter.
, to clear out, pack off, or
cleanse; rectius cd./tta;ro.

, and gen. cc^e, cheese ; Lat.
caseus.

a regard ; nj b jrjl ca;^ <xj<xm
<xnn, I do not regard it; rectius
Gal. cas, eodem sensu.

a cause, a reason ; vid. c-ujy- ;
Lat. causa.

or ca;^e, hatred, dislike,
enmity; Wei. kas, hatred.

or c<x;^e, love, regard, es-
teem. It may seem extraordinary
that any one word could at the
same time bear two directly op-
posite significations, such as this
word doth, according to the
Irish verse following : c<x;^-e
m;o/~ccv;^,c<vj^e7-e<x/ic: bo /te;/t
n<x te<xb<x/t lan-cecijtc ; but there
are several examples of the kind
in different languages, even in
the Hebrew, wherein ttfTp sig-
nifies both sacred and execrable,
as does ayiog in Greek, ^>N in
Hebrew; Lat. altus signifies ei-
ther high or low, or height and
depth; and so does altitudo in
Latin ; as the O altitudo of the
apostle is the same as O profun-
ditas. »]N in Heb. means air,
water, or fire ; *p in Heb. signi-
fies either convex or concave.
All ideas as opposite to each
other as love and hatred.

txn, hoarseness.
m, curled hair.

that hath curled
locks.

, cheese ; Lat. caseus.

e, a stream of water or other
fluid ; pi. caipbe ; c<tjpbe p-
la, streams of blood.
78

, a wrinkle.

, vid. c<x;pot, a bulwark,
or wall ; any great rock.

or cajfc, Easter ; corrupte
pro pa;^c. Gr. Trao-ica, and Lat.
pascha, and Chal. idem ; a r?DD,
Heb. i. e. tr audit ; quia an-
gelus ^Egyptiorumprimogenitos
occidens, Israelitarum domos
sanguine agni conspersas et sig-
natas transivit, illisque peper-
cit.

ajfjol, the foundation of a wall
or building; also any stone
building.

ajfjol, or Coij^eal, the town of
Cashel in the County of Tippe-
rary, anciently the metropolis of
Munster, being the regal resi-
dence of the kings of that pro-
vince, and the archiepiscopal
see of its metropolitans.
ajpot, c;cty~<x;l, i. e. <x;l <xn c;o^-<x,
a toll-stone, or stone whereon
tribute was paid.

an, a castle, garrison, or
fortress : it seems to be a deriva-
tive of c<x*eal, or

, a projector or maker of

castles or towers.
Cajf /"teaBact, juggling, or the art

of legerdemain.
C<x;/7~;ol<xct, a battlement.
Ca;c, a sort, or kind.
Ca;c, where ? whither ? compound-

ed of C&, what, andtxjt, a place;

ca;t-<x^*, whence ?
Ccijte, winnowed; lucb cct/te, win-

nowers of corn, &c.
Ca;te<xc and c^ceaj, a sort of

basket ; also a mat or cloth on

which corn is winnowed.
Ca;t:e<xc, chaff, or the winnowing

of corn.

expensive ; bujne c<x;-
c, an expensive, prodigal

person,

, prodigality.

j, butter.
Ca;teteo;;t, a spendthrift, a la-

vi slier.
Cajt, chaff

Ca;t;m, to winnow ; noc too cajt-
eab, which was winnowed ; cajt-
jre ta ;ab, thou shalt winnow or
fan them.

Ca;t;m, to consume or wear out, to
eat ; bo ca;tye a Ion, he consum-
ed his store ; also to fling or cast.
Cajtpb, it becomes, it behoves ;
an impersonal verb ; an ccajtjre
me, must I ?
Cajtjocb ajmyjfte, a pastime ;

cajteam <x;mn/ie, idem.
Ca;tleac, chaft, husks, &c.
Ca;c/te;m, sway in fight, triumph ;
vid. ftejm.

16 and caj

a;t, triumphant, nctorious.
Ca;c^e;m;u jab, to triumph, exult,
&c.

"n, shag, villas. — PL
ic and ca^ca^c, a bodkin.
Cajcre, how ? after what manner ?
• Cal, caleworts or cabbage, cales.
Cal, sleep or slumbering.
Cal, to keep safe, to preserve, sur-
round, or comprehend ; Heb. ^D,
complex us est.

Cala, hard; also frugal, thrift}-;
Wei. kaled, and Ann. kalet, Gr.

^aXfTTO^.

i, a ferry, a harbour, port, or
haven ; Lat. cola and cale, hence
Caletum, Calais ; Burdi-cala, or
Burdigalla, Bourdeaux ; vid.

, a couch, a bed-place.

, a college.

, vi-.L e<xla, a ferry, harbour,
or passage ; Lat. calfi.
C<xl<x;m, to sleep ; vid. cot<i)m,

quod rectius est.

C<xtb, the head; ex. too ceil!) jte
clo;c Cftu;toeal<x, your head up-
on a hard stone ; Lat. calvaria.
Co.1'6, hardness, &c.
79

C<xlb, bald, bald-pated; Lat. cal-
rus, Chald. pjVp, clecortia:
and Heb. V^p, tersus, polittis. —
Vid. Ezech. c. 1. v. 7.
C<xlb<xc, a proper name of man, de-
rived from c<xlb, bald.
C<xl5<xctr, a baldness, or bare-

headedness ; Lat. ca
C<xlbc<x^-, Lat. cothurnus, a bus-
kin.

C<xlc, or c<Xjlc, chalk or lime ; Lat.
calx, calcis ; and the Irish c<xjlc
makes c<x;lce in its genitive.
Calc<xb and c<xlc<x; jjm, to harden,
to grow hard; bo c<xlcu;j ye
n<x cjon, he fastened or hardened
in his guilt.

C<xlc<vj jce, hardened, obdurate.
C<xlcu jab, obduracy, obstinacy.
C<xlejt, a feny; hence Caletum,
Calais ; also a harbour, port ;
vid. cala.

C<xlj, a sword; rectius colj.
Calj, a prick or sting.
Calg<xc, sharp-pointed, prickly ;
also angry, peevish ; the same as
colgac.
C<xl jaojy, cheat ; c<xl j<xo;;-e<xc, a

cheater.

C<xll<x, a veil, or hood.
C<xll<xc, i. e. peaycd^-luc, a bat ;

Lat. glis, also a boar.
Callajbe, a partner.
C<xll<x;n, a town and territory in
the County of Kilkenny, which
anciently belonged to the O'Glo-
hernys, and a tribe of the Cea-
lys.

C<xlla;n, the calends, or first day of
a month ; C<xlla;n Oelte;ne, the
Calends of May.

C<xll<v;fte, i. e. bolly<x;;ie, or fea^i
jaftma, a crier; Wei. calur, is
one that cries ; Gr. KoXsa), voco ;
call in English is of the same
origin.

C<\Ue<X;teact:, a constant calling.
C<xllan, prating, babbling.

, the highest mountain of

Clare, belonging anciently to
the district of tTo;5 Cco;taroa;e,
which was the patrimony of the
O'Hehirs.

Callanac, clamorous, noisy.

Callo;b, a wrangling noise, an out-
cry.

C alma, brave, valiant; jrea/i calma,
a brave man.

Calmact; and calmaj", courage,
bravery.

Cam, a duel or combat.

Cam, crooked; Gr. Ka/nrrw, in-
curvo ; in barbarous Lat. camus,
a, urn.

Cam, deceit, injustice; jrea/i gan
cam, a just man, a plain dealer.

Camab, to crooken, make crooked ;
Gr. KajU7rrw, incur vo,flecto.

Camajlte, rubbed, from cumajlt,
via.

Camccyac, bow-legged ; Wei. kam-
goes, bandy-legged.

Cameb, how much ? how many ?

Camac, power.

Carnal and cama)l, a camel ; Heb.
^>DJ, the Irish word jamal, a fool,
a stupid person, is exactly like
this Heb. VOJ in sound, letters,
and almost in meaning, because
the camel is known to be the
most stupid of beasts.

Cama6;/i, the first light or appear-
ance of day ; and is compounded
of caom, beautiful, and o;/i, the
east ; _ Lat. oriens.

Camna;be, a building, or edifice.

Camloj/ijneac, bow-legged.

Cam-muga/ilac, club-footed.

Cammujn, the bird wry-peck.

Cam6 j, a bay, a turn or winding ;
Lat. sinus; also a comma in
writing.

Camojac, crooked, curled, wind-
ing ; also quibbling ; also mean-
dering as a river ; jrea/t camo-
gac, a sophister or quibbler.

C<xm6;£, the temples of the head.

Cannpa, a camp, or encampment.
80

C cf

Cam/i<x, a draught. — Matt. 1,5. 17.

Can, whilst that, when ; Lat. quan-
do, &c.

Can, what place ? can a^, from
what place ?

Can, pro gan, without ; can cjal,
senseless, without reason; Lat.
sine.

Can, a lake.

Can, i. e. tea^ta^t, bad butter.

Can a, a whelp or puppy; Lat. ca-
nis.

Can a, a moth.

Canac, standing water.

Canac, tribute; and cana, the
same, is like the Heb. tt'JD, col-
legit, congregavit.

Canac, cotton, bombast.

Canab and cana;m, to sing; ex.
bo can ;~e, he sung ; Lat. cano.

Can a; 6, hemp ; Gr. and Lat. KU-
vafiog.

Cana; je, dirt, filth, &c.

Canba^*, canvas. *

Canmu;n, pronunciation, accent ;
also an epithet.

Canmajn, a dialect.

Canna, moths; otherwise called
eu jrjonna.

Canojn, a rule or canon ; Gr. ica-
viov, regula ; canun, idem.

Cann^an, to mutter or grumble : it
is of the same force with the
French word bonder.

Canta, a lake, or puddle.

Cantraj jea^i, an accent. — PL

Canta;l, auction, or a cant. A;

Canta;;ieact, a singing by note,
or in chorus ; Lat. cantare.

Cantala;m, to sell by auction.

Cantac, dirty, filthy.

Cantaojft, a press ; cantao;;i JTJO-
na, a wine-press.

Cante, as c/tann cante, the quince-
tree ; ubet cante, the fruit there-
of.

Cant;;c, a song, or canticle. X

Canu/i, and caona/1, cotton,

Caob, a clod.

C <f

a prson.
C<xol5, a bough, a branch.
Caoc, blind ; Lat. CCPCUS ; vid. caec. ,
and c<xoc<x;m, to blind, also j
to blast; ex. to;t<xb na p;ne- |
<xmn<x <x/t na cccioca, the fruit of '
the vineyard blasted.

or c<xojc;b;o^-, a fort-
night, or fourteenth night.
Caobe, how ?

, to come.

a, or c<xo£<xb, fifty ; ex. cu;j
be;c t;t) caorab cnjoctr, an
hundred and fitty foot soldiers.
C<XOj, a visitation, a visit.
C<xo;, lamentation, mourning.
OlOjce, blindness.

z C<x6;m, to lament, to grieve, or
mourn : commonly written c<xo;-
bjm; bo c<xo; mjfe 50 noo/t, I
lamented .Grievously.
, from cuol, small.
, the waist ; <x cc;mpc;ol a.
c<xo;l, about his loins.
C<xo;le, smallness.
Cu.o;lle, land.

^<T<i6;iT}, gentle, mild, clean; from
caom : hence the family-name
0'C<xo;m, or the O'Keeftes ;
\Vel. ky is dear or well-beloved.
cu.^, socieh".

;ci;c:, a buckler, a shield;
also a scutcheon, scutum.
C<xo;mreac, strange ; also a stran-

ger

C<x6;tT)tecvc<x^, strangeness.
Caojmteactr, a county.
C<xojm;n, the murrain, a noxious
distemper of the same nature
among cattle, especially kine and
oxen, with the plague among
men.
C<xo;n, gentle, mild, sweet-tem-

pered.

Caojne, the Irish lamentation or
cry for the dead, according to
certain loud and mournful notes
and verses, wherein the pedi-
sive. laud property, generosity,
81

and good actions of the deceased
person and his ancestors are di-
ligently and harmoniously re-
counted, in order to excite pity
and compassion in the hearers,
and to make them sensible of
their .great loss in the death of
the person whom they lament.
Aofc, this Irish word, written by
our late grammarians c<xo;ne,
but anciently and properly cjne,
is almost equal in letters and
pronounciation to the Hebrew
word nJ'p, which signifies lamen-
mentation, dr crying, with clap-
ping of hands, lamentatio,planc-
tus, ploratus ; vid. 2 Sam. 1. v.
17., and in its pi. C3'3'p, lamt'ii-
fationes, vid. Ez. 2. iO; Wei.
kuyn is a complaint.

C<vo;nte<xc, stubbles, or stalks of
corn left in the field by the reap-
er; vid. c<xoj;tle.

C<xojn;m, potius c;n;m, to lament
with clapping of hands and other
formalities; bo c<xo;r>, or cjnr-;
<x bdr, she lamented his death ;
Heb. pp, lamentatus est. — Vid.
Hcnricus Opitius's Lexicon ;
bo cjn, lamentatus est.

C<xo;n-but;t<xct-, devotion; caon-
ct:, id.

a garrson.

C<xoj|t-c;nnt:)je, a thunderbolt ;
from cao;t and c;nnt; je, fiery,
blazing.

c, bearing berries.

C<xo;/t<x, a sheep.

C<xo;;te, sheep; also a sheep; and
more properly written c;/te, has
a natural affinity with the Greek
verb K£<po>, to shear sheep, &c.

C<xojftle, a club, also a reed ; dim.
caojfiljn. queere an hinc c<xo;^t-
lecxc, rather than c<xo;nle<xc
stubbles or stalks of corn left in
the field by the reaper.

C<x6jy, a furrow.

Cao;r*, sometimes written for

L

a young pig ; vid. ce
<xol, slender, small.

C<vot, a calling.

Caolam, to lessen, to make slen-
der.

C<*ol<x;r>, the small guts; Gr. ^o-
Aa£, signifies the bowels or inte-
rior parts of either man or beast,
l- jotac, shrill.

t, an apparitor.

C<xom, gentle, mild, handsome.

Cuom, little, small.

CAOITXX, skill, knowledge ; also no-
bility; ex. a caoma u;le cla^i
cajnn, all ye nobles of Leath-
Cuin.

CuorT)a;m, to keep or preserve ;
also to spare ; caomujn fjnn <x
Cb;<v/ma, protect us, O Lord ;
fljo/i caomujn <x mjUeab, he
spared not their destruction ;
vid. c<xomrxx;nr).

Caoman, the diminut. of c<i6m ; it
is the proper name of many great
men amongst the old Irish, par-
ticularly of one of the princes of
Leinster, from whom are de-
scended the O'Cavanachs.

C&omba, poetry, versification.

C<x6ir)-loj7~e, i. e. caomla^/i, a
moderate fire, or small blaze.

C<xomn<x, a friend.

C<xomoa, protection, defence.

C<\6fT)fl<xc<x, to be able ; tr<x;n;j
mo/t <xnr>, go na caom-
netxc a jreacu.b, L. B.
there appeared such a blaze of
light that the earth was not able
to bear it long, and that no
body's eyes could bear to look
at it.

aomrKXjm, to keep, defend, pro-
tect, or maintain ; also to spare ;
bo c<xomn<xb beajun, a few were
saved or spared. Note that this
verb caomn<vjm, and the above
c<xom<x;m, are one and the same
verb, being distinguished only
by one letter, and always bear-
82

ing the same different senses.

C<xomnci;be, a companion, a bed-
fellow.

C<xoifit<x, society, or association.

Caon)t<xc, an associate, comrade.

Caom-teactr, i. e. co;mbe<xct:, a
company; hence be<xnc<xo;mbe-
<xct<x, a waiting-maid, or woman
companion.

C<x5tD-n<x^cx/i, defence.

Cixom-^<x;beo;/t, a rehearser.

C<xon<x;m, to resemble.

Caon<i;m, to hide or conceal.

C<xon-bu)be, gratitude.

Coion -but/met:, devotion; also fide-
lity.

C<xon<xc, moss.

CdOntd, private, hid, secret.

C<xo/i, a sheep; pi. c<xo;/ie; Gr.
Kptog, aries.

C<XO;i, a berry; also a cluster of
grapes or other fruit ; tu£<xba/t
a ttft;op<x;ll c<xo/-i<x <xpu; je u<x-
t<\, their bunches bore ripe ber-
ries.^ — Gen. 40. v. 10.

CAO/KX, uvfs, vel botri, the grains
of raisins whilst on the vine or
bunch, clusters, &c.

Ctf.o/1, a flash of light, or flame;
c<xo/\ tjntjie, a thunderbolt.

n, a sheep-fold ; Brit, cor-
lan, ovile.

;n, the quicken-tree ; cu&;l-
le c<xo/it<x;n, stakes of quick
beam; S. Wei. her din ; hence
b/tu;ge<xn cao/it<i;r>, an enchant-
ed castle built all with quick-
beam. — Vid. Memoire de M. de
C. Journal des Savans, 1764.

C<xoc/tuab, mildew.

Cap, a cart,

C<xpa and Cflpcxn, a cup.

C<xpdU, a horse; Gr. KajSaXAr/c,^
and Lat. cobnllus. In sonnv
parts of Ireland capall is used
to signify also a mare ; Wei.
kephylf diinin. c<xpu;ll;n.
, to renounce, disown.
, brittle, smart.

c a

ap, care.

C<x/ta, a leg, a haunch ;

mu;ce, a gammon of bacon.
- Ca.'ux, a friend, or dear person ;
Lat. char us, and Gr. y^apiug,
gratiosus ; plur. caj/ibe ; as,
coj^be bjonjroald., near or trusty
friends; co.;i<xb and c<x;?t;b lias
the same signification; rid. c<vj ji-
be. In tlie Welsh it is kar.

G\it<xb<\c, well-befriended, power-
ful in friends and allies.

C<Xft<xb<x;m, to befriend.

, alliance, friendship.
or cfytab, a friend ; vid.

ct, a debate, or dispute,
a struggling.

C<Xfta;je<x;-, Lent; Lat. quadra-

gesinia ; Wel.gr&Of.
C<x;td;no, to love, to affect ; ca/t,

love thou; bo ca;t<x^, I have

loved : in the Wei. kerai-s, I

have loved ; kar a and kar, love

thou.

, baggage, carriage.
, the crown of the head.
Ct\rib, a basket ; Germ, horb, and

oeig. korf.
- Can:, a chariot, or litter.

, a coach, waggon, chariot,

or bier ; hence c<x^bo.boj/t, a

coachman ; also a coachmaker ;

Wei. kerbyd.

, the jaw ; pacla c<x/tba;b,

the cheek-teeth. Query if it be

not rather combat.
Ca/tb<xl, the palate of the mouth ;

<x U\;t <x canbtxjl, or c<x,H<xoa;l, in

the midst of his palate.
Canb, a ship.
Ctt/tbanac, the master of a ship, a

captain of a ship.
C<x/t-bob<x;j, clowns.
C<X;tbu£, intemperance, extravagant

feasting, &c. ; ex. b;u jo. jac'a

ce;nbe an co.ftbu^, intemperance

is the worst of all bad habits.

This word is of the same root
83

with the Iris
CcXnca/t and ca.fica;ft, a prlsjn. A

gaol ; Lat. career.
C<i;tco.;i, a coffer ; Lat. area.
Canb<x, or ca;(nb;o^* cnjo^r. a ^

sip.

Ca/tbci;^, to set or lay.
C<Xrtb;m, to send.
Cfyttam, excellent.
Cti'tmdn, the ancient name of Wex-

ford, now called in Irish ioc-

Ccx>t-iT)Oj<xl, a carbuncle.
a province.

a heap or pile of stone-.
wood, or any other thing ; ca/tn
<xo;tjj, a dunghill, and com-
monly called cdfuxxojle ; cfyto-
ajl, a heap of stones ; c<irin-a;l
cujnn, i. e. ca/tn-cloc cu;.on.
It is remarkable that on the
summits of most of the hills and
mountains of Ireland, the earns
or piles of stones on which the
Druids offered their sacrifii
are still to be seen, even at a
considerable distance. It wa.s on
those earns the Druids lighted
their solemn fires in honour of
Belus, on May -day, which \\o
still call ICx Oe;t-te;ne, as above
remarked.

<!<x;tn<x, flesh ; Lat. carnis, carni, •
of caro.

c, a heathenish priest :
called from the earns or stone-
piles on which they offered sa-
crifices,

C<Xftno.b, riddance.

C<x^na;m, to pile, or heap up;
hence the participle ca;<nt<v,
heaped up, or piled.

n, dimin. of c<x/tn, a heap.
and c<X;t^a, a cart, or drag;-
Gr. Kappuv, and Lat. carri'nt.

C<x/t;t, a spear.

C<x/t^a and c<xn;a\jbe, the scald,
or scald head, a scabby distem-
per that settles in the skin of the

head, is exceeding sore, and hard
to cure ; Gr. Kapw, i'ut. 2 of KH-
pv, scindo, and Chald. rnp,
cegrotum csse; as ca/t/iajbe t;-
;t;m, is a dry scald. — Lev. 13.
30.

Ca^ia, bran.

Ca/i/iac, stony or rocky.
> Ca/i/iajg, a great stone pitched on
the end ; Wei. karreg.

Caftan, a weed.

Ca/i/ian, a reaping-hook.

Ca/i;-u jab, punishment.

Ca/tt, or co/it, the bark or rind of
a tree; Lat. cortex; vid. caj/\t
and cojfic, idem.

Ca/itac, made of bark.

Ca/itac, a cart-load.

Ca/ttaca, deeds, charters.

Ca/itanac, charitable.

Ca fit anactr, charity, brotherly love.

Ca/itojt, devout.

Cay, money, or cash.

Cay, fear ; also a case, accident.

Cap, the hair of the head.

Cay, wreathed or twisted.

Cay, gu;t cay ye a;/t, that he met
him ; bo cay ye, he went back.

Cay, passionate, in haste ; a ng^y?
immediately.

Cayac, an ascent.

Cayacbac, a coughing.

C<xy<xcb<xj je, the herla colt's-foot.
bay, a cough.

and c<xy<x;m, to bend, wind,
twist.

, a bending, winding, twist-
ing, spinning, &c. ; also a wrin-
kle ; gan c<xy<xb -)n eaban, witli-
out a wrinkle in his face ; r<xn
cay<xb b;onyu;be Jo/tuajb, with-
out returning to Herod.

C<xy<vjb, a cause or action, a pro-
cess,
v Ct\ya;n, patlis.

C<XyaJ/t,a kind of glimmering light
or brightness issuing from cer-
tain pieces of old rotten timber
when carried to a dark place :
84

it is commonly called tejne
jecxlajn.

/i, a thorn or prickle, a
clasp.

C<xr<xiti, a shower ; Wai. keser,
hail.

, to wind or turn ; vid. ca-

C<xy<xno, to scorn, to slight, or dis-
dain.

, a path ; also a thorn.
t and c<xy<x^i<xc, slaughter,
havoc, carnage : has a close affi-
nity with the Heb. Titfp, caro,
flesh. — Vid. Opitius's Lexic.
C<xy<xo;b, a complaint, accusation,
a smart or severe remonstrance.
C<xy<xo;b;no, to complain; <xj c<x-
om, remonstrating to me.
\, a path.

c, free.

lightning, a flame or
flash of fire.

Cayba;/inecxc, a kind of small shell-
fish called periwinkle, otherwise
called bctjftneac.

, a drinking-cup.
and c<vyta, wrapped ; also
twisted, braided.
blao;, curl-haired.
l<x and c<xylo, frizzled wool.
Cc\/~l<xc, children.

c, havoc ; vid. c<xy<x/i.
l, a storm.

, chaste, undefiled. — Old Par. X
Lat. castus.

C<xyteo.;tban, or c<x;yea/tban, suc-
cory; Lat. sichorium; caytea;t-
ban na muc, dandelion; Lat.
taraxacum.

Cayto/i, a curled lock.
C<xy-u/ita, a curled lock.
C<xc, pro cab, what '.' an interroga-

tive.

Cat, a cat ; Gr. Vulg. KUTIQ, ya- '
roc, Kara; Lat. COtUS f It. and
Hisp. gato; Yv.chat; Bel. kaf-
te; Russ. /i'o^,- Arm. to,- Wei.
and Cor. kath; and in the Tur-

c e

kish language, keti.
, generosity.

, to honour, revere, or
reverence.

Car, a fi^ht, pitched battle ; also
an Irish battalion or regiment
consisting of three thousand men ;
hence the Lat. caterva ; Wei.
had.
C<Kt6b and catam, to winnow ; <xj

catab, vrimowing ; rid. cajt.
Co.ta.jab, or catujab, tempta-
tion.

, to wear; ex. cacajb no.
no. cloca, the waters
wear out the stones ; vid. ca;-
ceab.

Catajjjm, to battle, to fight; also
to prove or try.

ri, pronounced Ca.b;/t, a town
or city ; plur. car/tacu, and in
its inflections c<j.r:rt<xj j ; Brit.
/'Y/P/V Scythice, e<7r/ Antiq.
Saxon, caerten ; Goth, gards ;
Cantab, caria ; Bret, her ; Heb.
mp ; Phoen. and Pun. kartha ;
Chaldaice, kartha ; and Syriace.
karitita ; Grsece -^opaK. N. B.
Malec-karthus, or Mel-karthus,
i. e. king of the city, was an ap-
pellative of the Phoenician Her-
cules, said to be the founder of
the city of Tyre.

Cat&jf, a guard, or sentinel ; ex.
]\Q b; boj't^eofteact; bizb-/to;y-
<xn /to-cdra;^, their watch-guards
or sentinels guarded the passes
of the gloomy wood ; rid. c<x;t-
tro;/tbeoilba.;cc.

, brave, stout, clever ;
car<x;^-eo.c, a brave able
man.

ac<xm, to winnow ; ri/7. ca;c.
xcaOjK, a chair; catao^n
pu;c, a bishop's see; Lat. ca-
thedra.

and c<xca/tb<xc, a citizen ;
pi. cat<xjtb<xjj ; bo cu<xb<X;t ca-
an bajle ; cc6ma;;tle,
8.5

consilium inirerunt cii-es. — Au-
tiq. Membran.

Cdt-bd;t;i, a helmet.

Cdt-bd/t/tun, a commander or offi-
cer in an army ; ex. jb;n cn;0ct
dju^ cdc-bd/i/iun, both soldiers
and officers.

Cdt-j:;>t, warriors.

Cdtjrjb, rid. cd;tj:Jb, ye must ;
cdjtjre ire, I must.

Cdt-ldbd;/t, or cdt-tdb/id, a mili-
tary speech, or harangue of a
general to his army before a
battle.

Cdc-mjledb, colonels or officers of
distinction.

Cdtoljce, Catholic ; dn c^dbdb
Cdto;l;ce, the Catholic reli-
gion.

Cdjt/tuj jteoj^i, a citizen.

Cdtu jdb, fighting, rebelling, also
temptation; bo cdtujj fe, he
fought or rebelled ; ^-do/t fjn o
cdtu jdb, deliver us from temp-
tation.

Ce, the earth ; Gr. y»j ; hence geo-
metria.

Ce, night.

Ce, a spouse,

Cede, each, even- : in old parch-
ments written for jdc, qd. vid.

Cedcdjnj and bo-cjnj, or bOce;m-
n; j, hard to march or travel in,
inaccessible.

Ceded; /i, dirth, filth ; also penury.

Cedcd;tbd, or cedcd^bdc, dirty,
stingy, penurious.

Cedcd/tbdctr, penun-. misen,-, stin-
giness.

i, each, any, either ; ceac-
bjob, any of them; vid.

ceo.cta/1.
Ceaclajm, to dig ; /to ceaclaba/t,

they dug.
Ceoctob and ce<xclci;m, to hackle,

destroy, violate.

Cecxco;/i, a wetting, or moistenin<:.
Ceact, a lesson ; rectius leacc ;

Lat. lectio; hence <x;cleact, a

c e

C C

lesson.

Ceact, power.

Ceacta, a plough, a ploughshare ;
hence camceacta, the seven stars
that roll about the pole : so
called in Irish because they lie
in a position which resembles a
ploughshare.

Ceacta/t, either, any, each; also
of two ; Lat. liter, utervis.

Ce<xb, leave, permission, license.

Ceab, an hundred : anciently writ-
ten ceat, and pronounced eceat
or aceab ; Gr. CKOTOV, centum.

Ceab, the first.

Ceabac, cloth.

Ceabac, talkative.

Ceabaj j, a sitting or session.

Ceaba; j;m, to permit, or give con-
sent ; also to dismiss or dis-
charge.

Ceabal, a narrative or story; N.
Wei. chuedel.

Ceabal, malicious invention; de-
traction, deceit ; gan cam jan
ceabal, without injustice or de-
ceit; also a conflict, battle, or
duel.

Ceabamap in the first place, first
of all ; imprimis.

Ceab-ao;n, Wednesday: a corrup-
tion of (Dja-^ueben ; vid. b;a ;
Ceab-ao;n a Lutvjt/ie, Ash-
Wednesday.

Ceabj:ab, an opinion, thought, or
conjecture.

Ceabjrab co/rpo;iba, the senses.

Ceabpa;gea^~, beastliness, sensua-
lity.

Ceabal, blistered, full of sores.

Ceablajm, to blister.

Cea-b/ugbeact, geomancy, a sort
of divination by means of small
points made on paper at ran-
dom, and by considering the va-
rious figures which lines drawn
from these points represent, a
ridiculous judgment is formed,
and the future success of an ac-
86

tiqn is declared.

Ceabna, sameness, identity;

ceabna, and in like manner;

ma/i an cceabna, also, likewise.

Ceab-nabba/t, an element ; so call-

ed from its being the first or

primary ingredient in corporeal

beings.

Ceab-tom<x;ltr, a breakfast.
Ceab-tujj-meab, the firstling.
Ceab-tu^j an element, a begin-

ning.

Ce<xb-ucx;^, at first, the first time.
Ceabu j<xb, a permission.
Ceabu; jtreac, allowable, lawful.
Ceal, use ; also forgetfulness ; ta/t

ceal, out of mind.
Ceal, concealing; Lat. celo; vid.

ce;l and ce;lt infra.
Ceal, heaven ; Lat. ccelum; Gall.

del.

Ceal, death.
Ceal-aj/im, a hiding-place, a place

of refuge.
Cealam, to eat.
Ceal-jruat, a private grudge or

pique.
Cealj, treachery, conspiracy; a

cce;lj, in insidiis, in ambush.
Cealj, a sting or prickle; alilcr

bealj.

Cealj, deceit, malice, spite.
Cealgac, malicious, spiteful.
Cealga;be, more spiteful, more

crafty.

Cealgajm, to lie in ambush, to en-
snare; ma cealjan bu;ne, if a
man ensnare ; also to sting ; bo
cealjab pyf an mac-caom, the
youth was stung by it; also to
allure, entice, spur on, or pro-
voke to do a thing ; also to se-
duce or turn a subject from his
duty to his prince by bribery or
promises of great consequence ;
rid. Ca;t/te;m Cl?o;;tbeal ; ;to
cealg fe O'Concuba;^ ^uf
O'Loclujnn ta/tceann ba Cljo/t-
catn/tuab: he (Turlogh) seduced

c e

O'Conor and O'Loghlin from
their allegiance and adherence
to their prince, Donogh, son of
Brien Ruadh, by promising them
the two districts called the Two
Corcamruadhs.
Cealgajne, a cheat, a knave.

a cheating ; also

tricks or pranks.

Ce<xlg<xonab, dissimulation.

Ceall, a church ; and in its in-
flexions cjll, plur. ce<xtl<x ; Lat.
rella : for the word ceatl doth
properly signify a cell, or her-
mit's cave, though now com-
monly used to signify a church ;
hence ceall-pOftt: means a ca-
thedral church ; rid. ce<vll-pOftt
'infra.

Ceall<x,(0'Ce<xlld,) the family name
of the O'Kellys, whose chiefs were
dynasts or lords of the country
called U<x 03U;ne, or J ClOajne,
in Connaught. Other chiefs of
the same name, O'Kelly, but of
different stocks, are mentioned
in the Topographical Poems of
O'Dubhagain and Mac Feargail,
as toparchs of different territo-
ries both in Leinster and Ulster.
rid. Cambrensis Eversus, from
p. 2G ro p. 29.

Ce«xU<xc, the proper name of seve-
ral great men of the old Irish :
Ceallac GQac <fob, (Dae GOcxojt-
J0f&, was the name of a holy
archbishop of Armagh, an. 1106, j
who died at Ardpatrick in the
County of Limerick, and was
buried* at Lismore in 1 129.

Ce<xlt<x<&n, (O'Ce<xtlacci;n,) the j
family name of the O'Callaghans,
descended from Ceall<vctf.n-C<x;-
fjl, king of Munster, an. 936 :
they were dynasts of the count ry
called pobul J Che<xllo.ca;n, iii
the County of Cork, until Crom-
well's time.

Ceatlac, war, debate, strife.
57

C C

Ceallab, custody.

Ce<xUo;;t, muck, dung.

Ceallojft, the superior of a cell or
monastery ; ex. nj ceo.116)^ na
yub-ce<xllo;/t tu, you are neither
superior nor vicar.

Ceal-mujn, an oracle, or prophecy,
whether good or bad : probably
compounded of ceall and mu-
ncvb, instruction, admonishment ;
Lat. moneo ; because the Pagan
oracles were delivered from cells
or grottoes.

Ceall-pOftt, a cathedral church, or
an episcopal see.

Ceat-^rol, a close-stool.

Cetvle, apparel, raiment, clothes ;
hence

Cealcaj/t, the same ; cealrcvjn
b;tu;beactra, a magic dress.

Cealc<xc, a Celt, or Gaul.

Ce<xlt<vj/t, a cause or matter.

Ce<xlc<x;;t, a castle, a fine seat.

Cealta.jft, a spear, a lance.

Cealt-iriu;leojft, a fuller.

Cean, anciently written for gan,
without; Ga\L sans ; Lat. > •/'//-•,-
ex. cean n;m, cean m<x;c;m, sine
felle, sine rela.mtione, vel inte-
rn) ssi one. — Vid. Infra in \*erbo

Cean, or cjon, a debt, a fault,
transgression, or crime ; plur.
ceantxx, or c;ont<x ; as, mojt
bujnn a^i cc;onta, dimitte nobis
debita nostra.

Ce<in(X, alike, the same ; <xn re<X;t
cean<\., the same person; no<x/t
<xn ccecina, in like manner.

Cea.ji<x, even, lo, behold.

Ceana, already ; <xcc cecwa, ne-
vertheless, howbeit.

Ceo.n<x, favour, affection ; the ge-
nitive of ce<xn, love, respect,
fondness.

Ce<UKXc, buying; also a reward;
a covenant.

Ce<xn<x;j;m, to buy; rid.

c e

c e

Ce<xn<vj/i, a hundred.
Cean<MT)0t;t, fond, beloved ; 50 ce-
<xn<xmajl, fondly, much esteemed.
white, or bald-faced ;

Cean<xnn<3y, a remarkable town of
the County of Meath, now called
Kells, where a national council
of the clergy of Ireland was held
towards the year 1152; in which
council Cardinal Papyron gave
the first pallia to the four arch-
bishops of Armagh, Cashel, Dub-
lin, and Tuam, and also another
remarkable town near Kilkenny.

Cear>-bu/i3<x;/ie, the head of a
burgh, a burgo-master.

Cecxn-caom, a pair of tables to play
with.

Ce<xn-co.t<X)/t, a metropolis.

Ce<xn-co/i<i, the royal residence of
the great Brien Boirbhe, king of
Ireland, near Killaloe, in the
County of Clare, otherwise call-
ed Oajle <xn Oo/umia, whence
sprung the stream called itt no.
Ooj/tbe ; from hence he had the
surname of Brian-J3oirbhe, or
Brian-Borumha.

Cecxn-ckuxn, steep, headlong, &c.

Cecinbo., id. qd. cearxx.

Ced.nba.ct;, identity, likeness.

Ceanba^l, lice.

Cean-bcuicv, headstrong, impudent.

Cean-ponan, white-headed.

Cean-pne, the head or chief re-
presentative of a tribe or family.

Ceangojl, a band ; Lat. cingu-
lum.

Cear)5<x;lte, tied, bound.

Ceanjal, a restraint; a bond or
covenant, a league ; also a bunch,
as of grapes.

Cean-j<x/tb, rough, rugged.

Ceanjlajro, to bind, to join ; ceoui-
jola tu, tliou shalt tie up ; ;to
ceanjlab <xn nao;, the infant
was swaddled.

Ce<xnn, the head ; also the upper
8S

part in building, &c. ; also an
end or limit ; as, ce<xnn-t;/te, a
headland, or a promontory ; na
cean ^-o, moreover ; ce<xnn-
|:eoibn<X, a captain, a demagogue :
in its genitive case it makes cjnn ;
as, bat<ty~ mo cjnn, the crown of
my head; hence the English
king, being the head of his peo-
ple or subjects. — Vid. Luyd's
British Etymol. p. 279. col. 3.
The kan of the Tartarians and
other Asiatic nations is of the
same radical origin with the
Irish ce<xr>.

Ceanrxxc, a buying or purchasing.

Ce<xnn<xc, a leward, or retribution.

Ceanrxxc, i. e. conji<\, a covenant,
or league,

Ceann-oict/iAc, the upper part of
the throat.

Ce<xnn-<xb<x;/-it, a bolster; ex. K\
c<vjfit <x ceoinn-<xb<X)/tt:, his bols-
ter was a stone or rock ; speaking
of St. Patrick's self-mortification ;
vid. <xb<Xrtt.

Ce<xnr>ojbe, a merchant; also any
dealing or trafficking person ;
pi. ce<xnn<vj jce.

Ce<xnnci;je<xct:, merchandizing,
trafficking, trading ; trj/t cean-
nu; jeact<x, a trading land.

Ceanncij j)no, to buy, or purchase.

Ce<xrxvj;tc, insurrection — Mark 15.
7.

Ce<xnn<x/-, authority, power.

Ceoinna^c, powerful, mighty.

Ce<xnn/i<xc, a fillet ; also a halter,
or a horse-collar.

Ce<xnn-fte;bt:;c, propitiation, mer-

cy-

Ce<xnn/-<x, mild, gentle*

Ceo.nr>/-act, lenity, mildness.

Ceannfat, they went.

Ce<xnn^ci; j;m and ceann^u j<xb, to
appease, to mitigate.

Cear>n/*oit<vjbe, a president or go-
vernor.

CeAnn-/~a;le, the town now called

c c

c e

Kinsale, in the south of the
County of Cork, at the mouth
of the river Banclon, famous for
an excellent harbour, and pro-
tected by a strong fort, called
Charles-fort.

Cea/intafi, a canthred, the side of
a country ; Wei. kant, an hun-
dred.

Ceann-t;/i, a headland, a promon-
tory.

Cean/i-t;tom, sluggish, heavy, drow-
sy.

Ceannuajj-jneac, rash, thought-
less, precipitate.

Ceap, a block, or stocks; ceap-
tajfle:, a stumbling block ;
\\nnfnA c;p, or anryoa ceapajb,
in the stocks.
• Ceap, a head ; Lat. caput.

Ceap, the head or stock of a tribe
or family ; ex. ceap na Cftaojbe
665 an, Eugene is the stock of
the branch.

Ceapacujnn, the town of Cappo-
quin, in the County of Water-
ford, on the bank of the Black-
water, to which place it is na-
vigable from Youghal.

Ceapan, a stiimp.

Ceapanta, niggardly ; also stiff
and wrong-headed.

Ceap-^ao;l;m, to propagate.

Ceajt, offspring, or progeny.

Cea^t and ceana, blood ; also red,
ruddy ; Wei. guyar, like the
English gore.

Cea/iacab, wandering, or straying.

Ceanb, money, silver.

Ceartb, a cutting, or slaughtering,
havoc, or massacre; hence the
name of £Xx;ne-cea>tb, an Iri-h
prince of the Eugenian race.

Cea/tb, a rag.

Ceafibac, ragged.

Cea/ib-cnajb, a severe reflection.

Cefytball, massacre, carnage.

Ceanc, a hen; cea/tc p/ianncac,
a turkey-hen, or more properlv
89

cea/tc j/ibjdc, an indian-hen ;
plur. cea/tca and c;/tc.

Cea/tcatl, a hoop; Lat. circuli/s.

Cea/icall, a block, like that of a
carpenter.

Cea/tcatl, a bed, or bolster.

Cea/tc-loj, a hen-roost.

Ceanc-man^tac, a pen or coup,
wherein poultry are fed.

Cea/tb, an artist or mechanic ; also
an art or trade; ced^b some-
times signifies a tinker or refiner ;
ceanb-o;n, a goldsmith ; cea/tba,
or cea/tbca fro jlomca, ingenious
or skilful artists : in its inflexions
of the singular number it forms
ce;nb and ce;»tbe, and in tlu-
plur. ceanbca andceaftba. This
Irish word cea/ib, edgnifyinff a
tinker, a man in any base or lo'.v
employ, is like the Latin cerdo,
which means a cobbler, a currier,
a tanner, a tinker, a smith, or
like artisan, that uses a base
trade for gain ; and it is not un-
like the Gr. iceoSoc, which sig-
nifies gain, profit, lucre ; and
hence it is that the Greeks call
the fox icepStu, from his ingenuity
and artfulness to provide for
himself; cea/tb is any art, trade,
or profession; ex. j\<xc na njt-
cea/tb nea^amujt, a place of all
sorts of trades; and pea;t ;lce-
a/tbac, Jack of all trades ; Wei,
kertlh, a trade.

Cea;tba; je, a tradesman, or artist ;
plur. cea/tbaj jte.

Cea/tbactr, a low or base trade:
as above in cea/tb.

Ceaftbamajl, ingenious, artificial ;
well-wrought.

Cea^bamlacc, a being ingenious.

Ceanbca, a shop, a forge: in its
inflexions ceanbca;n, pronounc-
ed cea/tbu;n, &c.

Cea;mcu;t, a grave.

Cea/tma, the old name of Wick-
low, a town and county in the

M

c e

c e

province of Leinster; (Dun Ce-
<X;tirw, the town of Wicklow.

)a,(Dun-Ce<Xrtmncv, now call-
ed the Old Head of Kinsale, a
famous promontory in the south
of the County of Cork.

jay, a lie, invention, or
trick.

a man.
Ce<x/in, a victory.
Ceciftn, expense.
Cea/ma, a comer.
Cecxjmaban, a hornet.
Ce<Xjin<xc, four-square ;

put for

victorious ; hence the
famous champion Con alt Cea/t-
nac had his surname of Cea/t-
nac.

•:, a trophy of victory,
a prize given in any
game of activity, as running,
wrestling, &c.
Ceafin-luac, the same as cea/in-

and ceaftdb, to kill, to
slaughter, or destroy; also to

die or perish ; bo cean ye, he
j- i '

died.

bac, spoil.

bac, a gamester at cards,
dice, and such other games,
sapt/ibacdy, a gaming at cards,
&c.

:an, a skiret.
Cea/it, just, right, true ; genit.

c^nt ; Lat. certvs.
Cea/tt, a subst., justice, right, equi-
ty; genit. c;/it; cea/ic-be;/ite,
primogeniture.

and cej/tteac, a rag, old
garment, or piece of old cloth.
;, little, small ; cea/it: a loc-

:a;j;m and cea^t:uj<xb, to
pare or shave; also to dress,
prepare, or put in order ; also to
correct or chastise.
Cea/it<xjjteo;/i, a corrector, a re-
90

gulator, &c.

, to cut or prune.
>, a house of correction.
t, the centre, or middle
point.

Cea/itu j<ib, a correction or chas-
tisement.

, obscurity, darkness.
, irksomeness.
, grief, sorrow, sadness.
i. e. oib conc<x^~, I saw.
, punishment, suffering ;
hence

Ce<xyb<x, or ce<x^"t<x, punished, put
to death; <xo;ne <xn ce<xrt<x,
Good Friday, on which Christ
suffered death.

c, finding fault with, a
grumbling; also a curse; ex.
mo ce<xp3.ct <xj;i, my curse upon
him.

ct, an excuse or apology.
ctac, grumbling, dissatis-
fied ; also giving excuses.
Ce<x^<xb, a passion or suffering ; ex.
•ce<xpxb &/t ttj<x/in<x, the passion
of our Lord.

Ce<x^-<nb and ce<x^a;m, to vex, to
torment, to crucify, &c. ; bo cea-
f&i) <i/i <xn ccpojf, that suffered
or was tortured on the cross.
Ceo.^-<xboj;t, a tormentor.
Cea^b ana ce;yb, a question, an
enigma; plur. ceoyban, doubts
or queries.

, to ask or inquire about.
, an oar.

c, the coarse wool on the
legs, tail, and hinder parts of
sheep.

, a great want or necessity.
e<xpitx;jeact and ce<ty-r>a;j;l,
complaint, anxiety.
ecty-na;j;ro and ceoynti£<xb, to
inquire, to be anxious, or solici-
tous ; also to expostulate, to
complain.

or cetxrxx te<xc, com-

c e

c e

plaining, sad, necessitous; ^o

ceap7d;jjte<xc c;t;te<j.;z;la.c, in

fear and necessity.
Ce&fcaj j;m, to amend, to correct,

or chastise.

Ce<x/tran<xc, a tormentor.
Ceat, to sing, or celebrate ; ex. /to

ceac Decui&n m<i;t lecinna^,

Beanan sung as follows.
• Ceu.tr, one hundred.
Ceata-c<xm, rather ce<ict<x-c<xro,

the seven stars, or Charles'

wain ; called, from their appear-

ance, by the Irish, ce<xcc<x cam,

or caro-ce&cta, i. e. the crooked

ploughshare.

Ceatdi, a singing, or composing.
Ceaepa-bact, lust.
Ceatjrab, an opinion, or conjec-

ture ; also a maxim or system ;

cecirpxb na be<xzlci.j^e, a maxim

of the church ; also a sense ; vid.

ceabjrab.
Ceatpttxxc, sensible, judicious,

reasonable.
Ce<xt, a sheep ; and ce<xtn<v;b, the

same.
Ceatoi and c;r, a shower, as of

rain, hail, or snow.
A Ce<xt<vj/t, four in number ; Lat.

quatuor; ce<xtr<\ft and ce;t;te,

the same.
Ce<xt<v;/t-be<xnn<xc, quadrangular,

four-square.
Ce<xt<x/i-c<yxxc, quadruped, four-

footed.

Ceor<xri-cujnne<xc, quadrangular.
CcAta/iba, of or belonging to four;

ex. <xn Cftujnne ce<xca;tb<x, the

world, or terraqueous globe, so

named from the four elements.
Ce<xt:<Xftbujt, the vvorld, the uni-

verse ; from ceor<x;fi, four, and

bujt, an element.
Ceara^b, a troop, a company, or

multitude ; Lat. caterva ; hence

Ceac<Xfincxc, a soldier, a guardsman,
an attendant ; Latin, satelles ;
91

co;lle, a tory, be-
cause of frequenting woods to
conceal and lie hid in.

Ce<xcn<x;b, a sheep.

Ce<xc/t<x, four-footed beasts, any
kind of cattle.

Ceat(H<ic<x, ce<xc;t<xcab, forty in
number.

Ceatndm<xn<xc, of a cubical figure.

Cede/tarn and ceac/taman, pro-
nounced ceatftu j, a fourth part,
a quarter ; hence it signifies the
leg and thigh, because they con-
stitute the fourth part of a man,
but it mostly passes for the thigh
alone; also the quartan of a
verse, sometimes expressed to
signify the whole verse, consist-
ing of four quartans.

Ce<vtrt<vma, a trencher; also the
fourth, as <uj cear/tama bl;<x-

, four men or women.

Cect:, power, might, strength.

Cect, rulg. ce&cr, a lesson, or
lecture. This word was ori-_
nally lect, the Celtic root of the
Latin lectio, the initial I being
changed into c by vulgar pro-
nunciation ; and as to the aspi-
rate b it is but a late invention.

Ceb, to shun, avoid, &c.

Ceb and ceab, an hundred.

Ceb, or ceab, first.

Cebo.6, a mantle, veil, or garment.

Cebtxc, stripes ; also striking.

Ceba;b, to sit down, or rest ; Hisp.
quecla.

Ceba^, at first, first of all.

Ceb-jejn, the first born.

Ceb-lub, beginning ; also non-per-
formance.

Ceb-luc, the first shout or ap-
plause.

Cebub, a bed.

Ce-baro, when ? at what time ?

Ce-bu<x?n, the same.

Ce;b, first, former ; often used in
compound words ; as, ce;b-ft; j,

c e

c e

the former king ; cejb-/iecttu; je,
the forerunner.

Cejbe, a market, or fair.

Cejbe, a green, or plain.

Ce;be, a hillock, a compact kind
of hill, smooth and plain on the
top.

Cejb-jfijnneaqt, ripeness of age.

Cejbce, or c<x;bce, till night, quasi
TO bo;bce, most commonly un-
derstood to signify ever, _or at
all ; as, n; ;i<vc<xb <inn co;bce, I
never will go thither.

Cejbjl, a duel, conflict, or battle.

Ce;b;n, a hillock, or little hill.

Ce; j, a quay, or wharf.

Ce;l, or ce;lt, hiding, concealing ;
Lat. celatio.

Ce;l, or ce;ll, sense or reason ;
ba cu/t d. cce;l, demonstrating,
or putting in mind; bo ;te;/i
cejlle, according to the tenor :
it is the oblique case of c;al.

Ce;le, a spouse, a husband, or
wife.

Ce;le, a servant; hence Ce)te-<be,
Colideus, or Coil-Dei, an order
of religious formerly subsisting
in Ireland, England, and Wales,
so called from being the servants
of God : they were called Cul-
dees in Great Britain.

Ce;le, together ; also each other ;
ba ce;le, to each other ; o ce;le,
asunder. _

Ce;leab/iab, leave, farewell ; bo
;i;nne cejleab/iab bo;b, he bid
them adieu.

Ce;leab;tab and cejteab/ia;m, to
bid farewell, or adieu, to take
leave of; ce;le<xfyt<Y* /~e, he took
leave.

Cejled5ft<xb, a festivity or solemni-
zation ; Latin, celcbratio ; ex.
ce)le<xli/i<xb <xn <x;^/i;nn b;<xb<x,
the celebration of the holy mass.

Ce;le<xb/uxb and ce;le<xb/t<x;m, to

celebrate, to solemnize ; Lat. ce-

Icbro, brare ; ex. ap tpj

92

ce;leabd/ttd/t /'olo.mujn bo S.
00jce<xt, the festivity of St. Mi-
chael is solemnized for three
reasons. — Old Parchment.

Ce;lj, vid. ce<xlj.

Ce;l-jea.tld;m, to betroth.

Ce;l; je, sober, sensible ; go ce;-
IJje, sensibly.

Ce;l;m, to hide or conceal ; ce;t,
hide you; ce;lpom, we shall
conceal; Lat. celo.

Cejljubfta, a concealment.

Ce;ll, or c;ll, from ce<xll, a church
or cell.

Cejlle, of or belonging to sense or
reason.

Ce;lc and cejlte, hid, secret.

Ce;m, a step, or degree ; also gra-
dation in any employ of life ;
be;c ce;m;o/i<x, ten steps ; c;tu-
<x;bce;m, an adventurous act;
Wei. kam.

Cejm-becilj, rectius c^o-mbealj, a
crisping-pin, a hair-bodkin.

Ce-jme^f^f, geometry ; from ce,
the earth, and medyojm, to sur-
vey.

Ce;ii);n, a fillet, or hair-lace.

CeJmleoT,, a garret, fillet, or hair-
riband.

Ce;tT)m;le<!ic, a hair-bodkin.

Ce;(T)-p;or>, the same as cejm-

_ becxlj.

Cejmn; j;m, to step, to go.

Ce;mn;uiab, a path, step, &c.

Cejn, whilst that; <xn ce;n bjab
<xnn, whilst that I am, or have a
being ; vid. c/j<xn ; cejn 50 tc<J.-
;t;^-te<x/i, till he comes.

Ce;n, <x cce;n, in foreign or re-
mote parts; <x cce;n 4%uf <x
bjTOju^*, far and near.

Ce;n-be<x/it, or c;n-be<x/it:, a hel-
met ; also any head-dress, as hat
and wig,

Cejnirxxe/1, oh happy ! an interjec-
tion.

Ce;nmoc<x, besides, without, ex-
cept; vid,

c e

c e

Ce;/?r)l;at, grey-headed.
Ce;nn^eacab, to appease.
Ce;;t, wax ; ce;/t-fce<xc, bees' wax ;
Gr. KTipoc ', Lat. and Hisp. cera;
Gall. c/re.
Cejft, corrupte pro c<xo;t, a berry

or cluster.
Ce;/te<xc, of wax.
Ce;^Ke;/te<xcc, carving.
Ce;/tb and cej/ibe, occupation, a

trade ; luct: ce;pbe, craftsmen.
Ce^b-tO|-<x;je, screen,-, witch-
craft.
Ce;/i;n and ce^;n, a poultice or

plaster.

Cej/tjoccin, c^<xnn-ce;;i;oca;n, wa-
ter-elder.
Cejpltj jtre, conglomerated, wound

up like a bottom of yarn.
Ce;/tn, a dish, or platter.
Ce;/tn;n, a plate or trencher.
Cejftt, or cjfitr, justice.
Cejj\t, an apple-tree.
Cejfit, a rag; plur. cej(nte<vc<x,
diminut. cejftteoA.

ac, ragged ;
treac, a kite.

and ce;^tl;n, a bottom of
thread or yarn.

meobar), the centre ; bo cea/t
<xo macaom <x cce;;tt-meob<xn
na namab, the youth expired in
the centre of his foes, or of the
enemy.

j a lance or spear.
, a loathing or want of appe-
tite.

, a basket, or pannier : hence

an, a small hamper.
-, grumbling, murmuring.
-, a furrow.

, a sow : hence the diminutives
cejfjn and cc;^-eoj, a slip, or
young ping ; Hebr. ^33, a
lamb.

e;^-e<xn, a small basket ; also a
hurdle ; cej^eanac, or c;^ea-
n<xc, a way made through shaking
bogs by laying down hurdles
93

joined together.
Cej^eog and cejfjn, a slip or

youngling.
Cejpie<xm, a wfaeening or grumb-

ling of pretended poverty.
Cejfnjm, to complain of poverty

and distress where there is no

real want; to be always mur-

muring and grumbling.
, a question.

uft <x ccejft, rectius C]ft,

and cjfce, qd. vid. to hoard, or

put up in store.

eo. jab, examination.
rnju j<xb, to inquire, examine,

&c. ; n; ce;/-rneoc<x^ ro;;~e, I

will not be examined.
Ce;c;m and ce;ce<ib, a kind of

vehicle or carriage made of osiers

or other rods.
Cejtfie, four in number; cejc^te

ceub, four hundred ; vid. cea-

Cel, the mouth.

Cel, a prophecy.

Cenel, children ; riY/. cjne-at.

Ceo, a fog, mist, or vapour; Gr.

X«>v, nix, snow.
Ceo, milk.
Ceo and yceo, are of the same

force with the Irish copulative,

<xju/~, and.

Ceo<xc, dark, misty, cloudy.
Ceoact, darkness.
Ceob<xc, drunkenness.
Ceo-bfi<xon, vidg. ce65/tun, a rain-

ing mist, or misling rain.
Ceofyojn, dew. — PL
Ceobjrab, vid. ce<xbj:<xb.
Ceol, music, melody; luctceo;t,

musicians ; c^ut<x;/te ceol-bjnn,

an harmonious harper.
CeotaD, a little bell.
Ce6tm<Xft, musical, harmonious.
CeoirxXft, misty, dewish.
Ceo;t, a lump or mass.
Ce/t;n and cejfijn, a poultice, or

plaster.
Ce;/ir>;?7e, small plates or dishes ;

C J

C )

ex. gan colt^jro;! c/t;b ce;/tn;ne,
i. e. gan b;ab go luat a;/i me;-
^*;n;b, without speedily serving
meat on their small dishes.

Ce;tea/inac, a soldier, a sturdy
fellow.

Ceub, or ceutr, an hundred ; Lat.
centum.

Ceub, the first.

Ceuna, the same ; also likewise.

Ceu^at: and ceu^ajm, to vex, also
to torture or crucify.

Cj, from cjm, to see ; ma c; f&, if
he see ; bo cjb pab o^im, they
look upon me ; an ua;/i bo
cb;j:;b fe, when he shall see.

C;, to lament ; ex. a roacajn na c;,
lament not young men.

C; and cja, who ? an interrogative,
answering exactly to the Lat.
quis, cm, the letter q and c
being originally the same, and q
in the immediate inflexions of
this word changed into c, as
quis, cujus, cui ; cja a^", whence,
c;a ga, with whom.

Cja, a man, a husband.
<Cja, what, whatsoever.

C;ab, or c;ob, a lock of hair ; cja-
ba;b ca^-ba, curled or braided
locks.

Cjabac, bushy.

CJac, mist, fog ; also sorrow, con-
cern.

CJat, death.

C;all, reason, sense, the meaning,
cause, or motive of any thing ;
ex. Cfieab an cjatt jra/i, &c.,
what reason or motive had you
to, &c.

Callba, cjallma/i, cjaltmac, and
ce;ll;be, rational ; also of good
sense or prudence.

C;allu jab, to interpret ; also in-
terpretation ; Cfieb cjallu; jea^
Cu, what meanest thou ?

C;am, a lock of hair; Lat. coma.

C;ama;/te, sad, weary.

CJambacalac, curl-haired.
94

CJan, long, tedious; ex. <xr
learn 50 bpx;cj:;ob t:u, 1 think
it long till I see you.

CJan, long since.

CJanacta, a large tract of land in
the County of Deny, which was
anciently the patrimony of the
O'Cathanes, and more extensive-
ly of the family of the O'Conors,
distinguished by the title of
O'Concuba/t CJanacta, being
descendedfrom Qan, son of OU;-
olol;m, king; of the south half of
all Ireland in the third century.

CJa/i-pullang, longanimity, for-
bearance, or perseverance.

C;an-jr uUang, hard to be subdued,
invincible, proof against.

CJan-mafttanac, continual, perpe-
tual.

Qapab and c;apa;m, to vex, tor_-
ment, or teize ; <x ta f& ab c/tab
agu^- ab cjapab, he is teazing
and tormenting you.

Qapajl, a debate, strife, or con-
troversy ; ag c;apa;l, striving.

CJapatac, contentious, quarrel-
some.

Cyapalajge, a quarrelsome person.

C;apala;m, to encounter, to quar-
rel.

Qa/t, vid. cjp, c;a/i rrjeala, a
honeycomb.

CJa^i, of a chestnut colour, dark,
black ; bor? pojp. co clojbejb
ce;neab bon cat p/t;uala c;a/ia,
i. e. succurrat cum gladio igni-
to, in certamine contra dcemones
nigros. — Brogan.

C;a/ta;be, or C;a/iu;be, Kerry, a
county in the west of Munster,
comprehending a great part of
the territory formerly called Des-
mond ; was anciently ruled by
the O'Conors Kerry.

Qa/ia;beac, one from Kerry ; pi.

C;a/iajl, a quarrel, stnte, or
bate ; Gall, querell-e.

C;<x/talac, perverse, froward.
C;<x/t05, a kind of black reptile
with many claws, called a chafer.
, a thrush.

a kerchief; and cju/t-
n, the same.
C;<x;tt<x, waxed ; b;te;b-cj<X;tt;<x, a

searcloth.

Cjafajl, a dispute or quarrel.
Cjb, a hand.
Qc, a greyhound ; Wei. cor, and

Arm. c/, a dog, bitch, &c.
Cjcjjr, to complain.
Cj i j, a hind, or doe.
V Qjjm, to see or behold ; cjm, the
same.

the grave ; also death ; cu/t-
td. y-<xn c;l, buried in the grave,
but properly in the church or
cell, the word c;ll or cejll being
no more than the inflexion of
ceall ; Lat. cella, which signifies
a cell, a church, churchyard,
grave, death, &c. N. B. Num-
bers of towns and villages, as
also several bishops' sees in Ire-
land, begin with this word Cjlt,
as Cjll-cajnne, Kilkenny, C;tl-
b<xlu<xb, Killaloe, C;tj:;on<xb^<x,
Killfenora, both in the County
of Clare; C;U<xla, C;tlm<xcbuac,
both in Connaught
Cjll, partiality, prejudice : it is
sometimes an adjective, and
means partial, &c.
C;U;r>, the diminutive of cjll or
ceo.ll, a purse or store of hoarded
cash.

Cjm, a drop.
Qm, money.

Cjmce<Xfit<x; jjm, to rifle or pillage.
C;me and c;noe<xb, a captive or

prisoner; cjmjb, idem.
Cjm;m, to captivate, to enslave.
Qn-be;ftt, a ruler, or governor.
C;nc;Je<xj^ and cjncjpy, Whit-
suntide ; quinq uagesuna, Lat.
C;nc,a race, tribe, or family; Ang.
Saxon, kind and kindred; Gr.
95

, and Lat. genus; also a
nation or people ; as cjne Scujtr,
the Scottish race ; also a surname
or descent.

Cjne<xb<xc, Gentiles. — Matt. 4. 15.

C;ne<xb, vid. cjnnjm, infra.

Cjne<xl, an offspring or progeny,
generation or tribe of people ; a
sort or kind; also a family, a
nation ; Wei. kenedl ; it is writ-
ten c;nel, c;neul, and cjne;l.
N. B. Several districts of Ire-
land have their ancient names
from this word c;ne<xl, by add-
ing thereto the distinguishing
appellative and origin of the
tribes that respectively inhabited
them : of these the following
were remarkable, which I de-
scribe according to the account
given us in O'Dugan's and Mac
Fearguill's ancient Topographi-
cal and Genealogical Poems.

C;neoil-<xm<vjtTe, a large territory
in Ulster, the ancient patrimony
of the O'Millanes and the O'Mur-
chas.

Qne<xl-<xoba,inthe County of Gal-
way, the estate of the O'Shagh-
nassys.

Cjne<xl-<xob<i, a barony in the
County of Cork, so called from
one of the ancestors of the O'Ma-
honys, whose country it an-
ciently was, as well as another
district called Cjne<xl-mbe;ce.

Qne<xl-j:ea/t<iba.;cc, in Ulster, the
country of the Mulpatricks.

C;ne<xl-j:;<j.c/t<x, in the County of
Westmeath, the estate of the
Mac Eochagans.

Qne<xl-mb;nne, in the County of
Tyrconnell, part of the estate of
the O'Donnels.

C;ne^l-mb;t<xcu;be, in Tyrconnell,
the country of the O'Brodirs and
the Mulfavils.

Cjneal-naongu^a, in the County
of Meath, the country of the

C J

C J

CVHeochas.

d, in the country of
Orgialla, the estate of the O'Go-
rans, the O'Linsheaghans, and
the O'Breaslanes.

Cjne<xl-r>e<xng<x, in the County of
Meath, the country of the Mac
Ruarks.

C;ne<xl, a kindness, fondness, &c.

C)ne<xtta, kind, affectionate.

", kindness, fondness.
strong ; also a prince or
king; vid. cjnn.
, stepping, or going.

C;nge<xb, courageous, brave.

C;ngte<xct, courage, bravery.

Cp;b, inherent, or peculiar to a
family.

Cjnmeat, a consumption.

C;nm;ol<x, a picture, or image.

C;nn, the inflexion of the word
ceann, the head ; ex. bat<ty- mo
cjnn, the crown of my head;
hence the Anglo-Sax, word king,
because the king is head of his
people or subjects, the Irish c
and English k being equivalent,
as the two nn are to the English
ng; vid. ceann supra.

C;nn-Bea/tt<ty-, sovereignty, domi-
nion.

C;r>n-be;/it, a helmet, a head-band,
and any sort of head-dress.

C;nn-6e;ftte<xb, dominion.

Qnneamujn, an ominous accident,
or destiny ; also chance ; bo c;n-
e<xirm;n, by chance; genit. c;nn-
eoimrxx.

Cjnn-jprjon, bald-pated, also white-
haired.

C;nn;m, to agree to, assign, or ap-
point; ex. bo c;nne<xb<Xfi, they
appointed ; <x ta fe cjnnte, it
is decreed, it is certain ; also to
establish, resolve, or purpose ;
ex. bo c;nne<xb coirmjftte <xco,
they resolved in council ; also
to excel, surpass; ex. bq c;nr> a.
na icoblcx, she
96

surpassed all others in beauty;
also to spring from, or be born
of; ex. bo cjnn <xn irxxcaom o
;i;o ja;b Cojyjol, the youth was
sprung from the kings of Cashel.
C;nn;/-ie-cafit<xc, a carter.

C;nn-l;t;/t, a capital letter.

C;nniT);ola;m, to paint.

CJnn-mj/te, broken down.

C;nnm;/te, frenzy ; also the vertigo.

Cjrinte, formed from the above
verb c;nnjm, quod vid., certain,
assigned, or appointed ; £0 c;nn-
te, certainly, punctually; <xm
c;nnte, the appointed time, &c. ;
also close, near, stingy ; <v ta ye
c)nnte, it is certain.

CJnnteact:, positiveness, poor-
heartedness.

CJnntfteun, obstinate, stubborn.

C^ntecxct, confidence.

C;nte<xj<xl, a coarse cloak or man-
tle.

C;r)tJ^;m, to appoint.

C;ob, vid, c;&b, a lock of hair.

C;oc<x/i, a starved or hungry hound ;
hence c;oc;tay, infra.
'OcxXftoic and c;oc<x/ib<x, of a ca-
nine appetite, hungry as a dog,
greedy, ravenous.

Qoc, a woman's breast.

C;ocl<x;b;m, to change.

CJoctr, a carver or engraver ; also
a weaver.

CJoctxxb and cjoctan, engraved
work.

vid. cJoc<X;t<xc.

an earnest longing.
greediness, covetousness, &c.

C;oc^i<xyun, a hungry fellow.

C;oct:<vjm, to rake or scrape.

C;ob and c;ob, what? c;ob me;t
how many; Lat. quid.

Cjoba/1, wherefore.

C;obea, wherefore.

C;og<xl, a spindle-whirl ; also a
cycle ; ex. c;oj<xt g;t;o.nb<x, the
cycle of the sun ; vid. bua;n u;

,

Cjol, an inclination, or propensity.

Cjol, death.

, C;ola, moderns j;ola, a servant
who leads or drives a horse, or
conducts a blind man ; Lat. calo,
onis ; vid. Tjolla.

C;ola/in, a vessel.

Cjolcac, a reed ; vid. Tjotcac.

Cjolor,, a hedge-sparrow.

C;ol/icit<x;m, to chatter.

Cjoma, a fault.
,*Cjoma;m, to card or comb.
Xjombal, a bell; Lat. cymbalum.

C;omay, a border, brim, or extre-
mity of any thing.

C/on/a fault, guilt, sin; pi. cjonn-
ta and cjontajb ; cean and ce-
anta, the same : in the Turkish
language, giunek.

Cjon, love.— Luke 7. 2.

Qonaytajm, to bear.

Cpnco/t/ta/i, a hook; Lat. Jiama.

Qonba, written for ceabna, the
same; 50 najt cpnba, to the
same place.

Qonpata, occasion; also a quar-
rel.

Cpnmaft, because.

Cjonmalca;n), to bear.

C;onn, bo c;onn ju/iab, because;
6 c;onn TO cejle, from one end
to the other ; a ccjon, unto ; ex.
bo p;l ye <x ccjonn a 6gan<xc,
he returned to his young men ;
go Oe;ltejne <x;/t d cc;onn, un-
til next Ma

. . x a censor.
" Cjonnta, iniquity, guilt, sin.
Cjonnuf, how, after what manner ?
whereby? cjonnuf fijocta/t, what
needeth it?

Cjonoj, a kernel; Lat. acinus;
hence it also signifies the smallest
coin, and in the Welsh, keiniog
is a penny.
Cjon ftaba/ic, fate.
Cjon /taba/tcac, narrow-hearted,

close, sting)-.

C;ontac, guilty, wicked.
97

C;0nt<x jab, a being guilty or ac-
cessary; also coition, copulation.

C;ont<x;jjm, to blame, to accuse;
also to have criminal knowledge,
to sin.

CjOft and cjfte, the cud; bo <xr,
cojn<xb <k c;/ie, a cow chewing
her cud.

C;o/t, a comb.

C;0|t<xm, to comb.

C;o;ic<xc, a circle.

, bub, coal-black.
-j<xl, i. e. jal-t<xm, feats of
arms. The explication given by
Clery of this word, shows that
cjo/i, in Irish, is equivalent to
lam, a hand, and therefore like
the Gr. \eip, manus.
oftmaj/te, a fuller; also a comber
or comb-maker ; ex. mac an
c;0fima;/te jay an ce;/t, the
comber's son to his combs. —
Proverb.

ab and c;0ftftba;m, to man-
gle, to mortify, also to violate ;
ex. cjoftjtbab cu;l, incest; rcc-
tius forsan co^ba cu;l ; vid.
co^bab.

CJo^;tbab, ^ to become black; bo
cjo^^bab a co^ip, his body was
become black.

C;0;tficamac, lame, maimed.

CjOf, rent, tribute, revenue; jra
cjOf, tributary. cu,

Cjoy, sin.

Qoyac and c;oyactrac, importu-
nate ; also slovenly, dirty.

CJoyal, nurse- wages, i. e. the wages
given to a nurse for nursing a
child ; from cjOf and at, nurs-
ing. ^

C;oy-ca;n, tribute, a tax or assess-
ment.

Cjorac, left-handed, awkward.

C;otan and cjocoj, the left hand ;
Wei. chuith and chuithigh, si-
nister.

Qoc/tamac, mean, low, abject.

GotOT,, the left hand.

c i

C;p, a rank or file in battle ; plur.

cjpeoibd. and c;pe , be;c cc^pe,

ten ranks or files.
£7/1, a comb.
Cjfi, joined, united.
CJ/tan and c;ft;n, a cock's comb, a

crest, &c.
Qftb, swift, fleet, expeditious ;

hence it also signifies a warrior,

or gallant champion, swiftness

and agility being requisite for a

champion.
Cj/tbp/ie, a brewer.
CJjxejb, a tumult, or insurrection, a

great noise or rattling; genit.

c;/te;pe, or cjjiejbe.
CJpjn, a crest, or cock's comb.
C;/t)ne<xc, crested.
C;^-ce<x/i, a shepherd's crook.
Cj^be and cjfte, a treasury, or

treasure: the Latin word cista

signifies a strong box or coffer,

very proper to preserve a trea-

sure in.

C;^be, a cake.
C;^bean and cjj-teanac, a kitch-

en.

l, Satan; ex. bo I5b<x/t u;le
/ie Q/-e<xt, they were all led by
Satan. — Vid. Hym. Phattraice.
Cjfean, a little chest or coffer;

c;^-ecxno.c, idem.
Orel, low, as between two waters.

-CL

C-)f)j\e, a romancer, a story-teller.
Cj;-t;e, vid. cjj-be and cj^cearxxc ;

vid. cj^becxn.
C^rcanab, rioting.
C;te<x/i, 6 c;te<Xft, seeing that;
noc bo cjte<x/i, that appears;
mo./t bo c;te<X|t bujc, as you
please, as it seems unto thee.
C;tr, a shower ; pi. cecxca.
C;t;, vid. c; ; bo c;t;, you see.
C;uc<xttoj/i, a hearer, an auditor.
, to walk.

con c;ucl<xt<i;^ bo
», i. e. your cause will
be heard.

98

Qu;t, music ; vid. ceol ; abba
c;u;l, instruments of music.

Qujn, meek, still, quiet.

Cjujn, a gentle gale, or blast of
wind.

Cjujne and cjujne<ty", tranquillity,
gentleness.

Cju;n; jjm, to appease, to mitigate,
to quiet, or silence ; cju;n; jeay
ujTila, submission pacifies.

C;um<ty", a selvage ; also the border
or extremity of any thing, the
limits of a country, the extreme
parts of a vessel, or of any other
thing.

C;un<ty- and cjanuf, silence ; also
a calm ; <x ccjunaf, in quiet.

C;u/i<x, merchantable.

Cjupam, to buy.

Qufica, bought or purchased.

Club, the mouth open ; also a lip :
like in sense to the French

gueule.

ed.

, thick-lipped, wide-mouth-

Clab<x;/ie, a blabber-lipped fel-
low, a vain babbler ; Wei. kla-
bardJiy, to bawl ; ct<xb<j.;jte rou;-
Ijnn, a mill-clapper.

Cl<xb<Xfi, clay, dirt, or mire.

Cl<xb<xpuxc, dirty, filthy.

Ct<xb, scorbutic, mangy ; Wei. clew,
a sick person ; vid. cla;be.

Ct<xbytu/i, a cloister; Lat. claus-
twin.

Cttxboj, a scoff or jeer.

O<xbo£, a blabber-lipped woman.

Qabpxt, a column in a book or
writing ; ex. ^pfe ce<xb cldb^t,
in the first column. — L. B.

Cl<xb<xc, the sea-shore.

Ctabac, dirt or clay, a clot ; also
slaughter.

Clab<x;/ie, i. e. c/ie<xc<xbo;/i, a pil-
lager, plunderer, a rogue, a vil-
lain, in the vulgar acceptation.

a bank, mound, or ditch ;
Scot, a churchyard; W. klandh,
rectius cluidhe, or rather clni ;

Lat. clivus, a bank or brow; as,
in clii'o montis, on tlie brow of
the hill.

m, to make a noise.

Clajaj;te, a coward.

Cla ja/tba, villanous ; also lazy,
idle. m

bact, villany; also sloth,
sluggishness.
\ Clagun, a flagon.

Clajbe, from dab, the mange ;
also any cutaneous disorder in
men or beasts, such as the itch,
the scurvy, or mange : in the
I Welsh clav is a sick person ; in
Irish clajbte, or clao;te, is the
same ; and ctaojbteact is sick-
ness of any kind : is sometimes
written cUvjro and cla;roe.

Cla;b;n, a tap, or spigot; also the
latch of a door.

Clajceoj, deceit.

Cla;ceac, or clojacb, rectius

clojgteac, a steeple.
-, CICvjbe, a burial, interment ; Wei.
cladhy, to bury.

CliXjbe, to dig.

CtajbjiD, to lay the foundation ; co
ba;/tm co clajb <x bot, ubi fun-
daverat suam cedem.
. Cla;beam,a sword; Lat. glad'nnn,
quasi cladium, a clade ferenda.
— Littleton. Wei. kledhyv.

Cla;j, a dent or dimple.

Clajjeann, a skull.

Clajm, and clajme, the mange,
itch, or scurvy ; vid. clab.

Clajm^eac, scorbutic, mangy.

Ctajn, to engender or beget.

Cta; ^, boards or tables; vid. cla^t.

Cla;^i-bejl, a lid or cover, as of a
box, tankard, or pot.

Cta; ft-e<xbom ac, broad-headed,bee-
tle-browed.

Cla;/i-p;acla, the foreteeth.

Cla;;t;m> to divide.

Claj|t;/7, a small board.

Q&J/tjneoCj lame, maimed, going
upon crutches or stools.
99

the harp; genit. cta;n

i a harper, a fiddler.
Cla;;tte, dealt, parted, divided.

a pit or dike; pi. claf<xc<x ;
^ t<vlrri<x;n, a clay-pit.
-, a stripe or streak.
-ceabal, the singing of divine
hymns, &c. ; trejb /te bet na

na

cu;ll

^on<x

ba-

u;me, they went to visit the regal
seat and the church, Patrick fol-
lowing them with the staff of
Jesus in his hand, while the
clergy of Ireland attended him
singing divine hymns in chorus.
— rid. Leab<x/t Ojteac G0be;c

te, a jest or ridicule, a game.

Ctdjte, a genealogical table.

Clam, vid. clab, scorbutic; Wei.
clav, sick.

Qampa/i, wrangling.

Ctampa/tac, litigious, wrangling.

Clam/ta^, a brawling or chiding.

Clanac, virtue.

Clanac, fruitful persons.

Clanb, vid. ctann.

Clanmaft, fertile, fruitful, abound-
ing with issue.

Clann, antiq. clanb, children, pos-
terity ; also a tribe, clan, or fa-
mily, a breed or generation ;
hence the Ang.-Sax. clan. —
Note. The names of several ter-
ritories of Ireland begin with
this word Clan/?, distinguished
by the family names of the tribes
that inhabited them ; thus,

ClanVeapJjl, a territory in the j1
County of Armagh, the country
of the Mac Cahanes.

Clanna-aob-bujbe, or Clanaboy,
whereof there were two, one in
the Comity of Antrim, and tho
other in the County of Down,

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both formerly belonging to the
O'Neills.

Clan-colm&;n, a territory in the
County of Meath, the O'Melagh-
lins country, otherwise O'Ma-
olseachlain, formerly kings of
Meath.

Cl<xn-j:e<Xfi5<x;l,an ancient territory
on the east side of Loch-Cuirb,
in part of which the town of
Galway now stands, and was the
ancient seat of the O'Hallorans.

Ctdn-pnalujfia, now Glenmalire,
divided between theKing's Coun-
ty and the Queen's County, for-
merly belonging to the O'bjonooi-
;~<v;b, or O'Dempsies, and others,
several septs of the Strongbonian
adventurers, in imitation of the
old Irish, called the countries
they had possessed themselves
of, by names beginning with the
same word Cl<xn, as Clan/-t;c<x/tb,
the country of the Burks, Earls
of Clanricard, in the County of
Galway ; it was formerly called
OQaonmu} j, and belonged to the
O'Neachtains and the Maolallas,
i. e. the Lallys : so likewise the
country of the Fitzmaurices, lords
of Kerry, was called Cl<xn nouj/i;^,
and several others, in the same
manner.

Clann-mo-jcne, children, posterity,
descendants of the male sex.

Cl<xnn<xb, a thrust. _

Clannca^,", i. e. <*.bn<x;cte<v/t, was
buried or interred.

Claoctabj alteration; also annihi-
lation.

Claoclxxb and ct<xocl<x;g;m, to
change ; also to weaken or reduce
the power and strength of a per-
son or thing, to cancel or annihi-
late.

Ctcxoclob, the same as cl<xoct<xb, a

change, &c.

« Cl<x6;be<xb, a defeat, conquest, or
destruction ; Lat. clades.
100

Clao;b;m, to oppress, overcome,
destroy.

Ctao;bte, overpowered, destroyed ;
also weak, disabled.

Cl<xo;n, from cl<xon, partial, &c. ;
vid. cloJon.

Q<xon, partial, prejudiced, inclin-
ing to one party more than to
another; claonb/iejt, a biased
sentence; also prejudice, par-
tiality ; ex. bujne g<xn cl<xon, a
man without deceit ; also error ;
tttfiang o ctaon, converters ab
erroi'e.

Cl<xon<xb and cl<xo;ne, the inclina-
tion, propensity, or bent ; cl<xo-
77<xb n<\ colloi, the bent of the
flesh; hence it signifies partiality
or prejudice when a person fa-
vours one party's cause more
than another's, and is thereby
led to do injustice; hence it
signifies also malice, deceit, in-
j ustice.

Cldon<x;m, to incline, to bend to-
wards, to have a propensity to a
person or thing, also to deceive ;
Gr. and Lat. (cAtvw and inclino, /
to incline, &c. ; bo cl<xon ^e e
pejn, he bowed himself down ;
bo ct<xon<xb<Xfi <x;/i, they de-
ceived him, or proved false to
him.

Claon-ci^b, steep, inclining, &c.

Clap-^olo.^, the twilight.

Clan, and genit. cla;/i, a board, a
plank, a table, or any plain or
flat piece ; ex. <i ccl&/t<X}b <x
neubdn, on their foreheads; <x
cctfyt be&b<x;n, on thy face ;
cla/i ju<xl<xn, a shoulder-blade ;
<x cclcijt be<i/-(n<x;ne, on the palm
of his hand; pi. cla/t<x;b and
cta/KXcd., also a plain or level.

Clo./i, and genit. cla;/t, a town in
Thomond, which gives its name
to the county, and is so called
from Thomas and Richard de I
Clare, who made some conquests

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in that country, being encouraged
by the intestine divisions and wars
or' the O'Briens of Thomond
and Arra. — Vid. c<x;5r-;tejm, and
Cambden's Chorogr. Descrip.
Hiber.

, bare or bald.

Claft<x;neac, flat-nosed.

Claf, a lock ; rid. "&l&f-

Cl&f, melody, harmony.
, a clasp.

Cle, partial, prejudiced, wicked.

Cle, left-handed ; Wei. kledh.

Cleacb and cleacba, a custom or
manner, a practice, or exercise ;
bo ftejfi a gcle<xct<x;b, after their
manner.

Cleacbdc, constant, accustomed.

Cleacbcxjm, to use, to practise, to
be accustomed ; cle<xcb tu pejn,
use yourself; n;;t cleacb me <x/i
60 jo. bo luba, I never practised
the bending of the bow ; na/i
cleacb <in cu;nj, unaccustomed
to the yoke.

Cleamncv. and cle<xmn<x^, affinity;
<yc\\)f\ cleamna, a father-in-law.

Cleo.^i<xb, familiarity.

Clecy, a play or trick ; also game
or sport; and cleoyaj jeact, a
sporting or diverting ; Heb. ttf^D,
ludificatio ; vicl. Psalm. 44. 14.
gen. cljf and cleapa.

Clea/~, craft, or dexterity.

Cle<x/-<xc, joking, sporting ; also
crafty, cunning.

Clea^ajbe, an artful man ; also a
mimic or humorous fellow.

Cle<j./~ajbeacb, craft or subtlety;
also sporting; <j.£ bednam cle<x-
yaji i jeacca, playing tricks.

Cleat and cteatxxc , a stake, a rod,
or wattle.

Cleo.fvx;fte<ict, rusticity, rustic as-
surance.

steep, inaccessible.

a milch-cow,
relations by blood.
, partiality or prejudice,
101

from cle, wrong, and ft&nxxb, to
row, viz. metaphorically.

Cle;b, the genit. of cl^ab ; the sid,
q. rid.

Cle;b;n, a basket, the dim. of cljab.

Clejn, the clerg\-; Lat. cleros.

Clej^ie, the island of Cape Clear
in Carbury, in the County of
Cork, which anciently belonged
to the O'Driscols.

Qe;/tceacb, scholarship, clerkship.

Clej^oc, a clergyman, a clerk;
Lat. clericus ; also a scrivener,
notary, or secretary ; Wei. glei-
riach, an old man, or elder, like
the Gr. jcXtpticoc, a presbyter or
elder.

Cle;te, a quill, or feather.

Ctejcean, a penthouse, or eves.

Cle;te, hid, concealed ; po cle;£,
privily; ;b;^ clejt i\f ci/tb, nei-
ther quite public nor quite pri-
vate.

Clejte, the top of a house, moun-
tain, or hill.

Clejte<xc, private.

Cle;ce<xcb, a lurking.

Cle;c;m, to conceal, to keep pri-
vate, &c.

Cte;c-m;0jr5<x;/*, a private grudge.

Cle-l<xmac, left-handed.

Clemano., mischief.

Clet and cletoj, a quill, or hard
feather.

Cl;, vid. cle, leo.tr j\e la;n) clj, to-
wards the left hand.

CIJ, a successor in an episcopal see,
or any church living ; also a clerk
obtaining a benefice, &c. ; vid.

Cl;, the body; also the ribs or
chest of a man.

Cl;<xb, a basket, a cage.

Q;<xb, the trunk of man or beast's
body being fonned like a basket
by the ribs and chest; in the ge-
nitive it makes clejb and cle;be.

Cl;<xban, a small basket, cage, a
cradle.

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Q;ab<xc, a wolf, as having a large
trunk.

G;<xb/-«xc, the side, or trunk of a
man's body; vid. cljab.

Cl;dbu;n, a son-in-law ; sometimes
written cljamujn. N. This word
is an abusive contraction of the
compound clj<xb-bu;n, or cl;<xb-
bujne, i. e. bu;ne clejb, an en-
dearing expression, signifying
one who is as dear to us as our
heart or trunk.

Cl;<x/i, the clergy; also any tribe
or society; cljaji gaj^eabac,
a band of heroes.

O;a/ia;be, a songster.

Q;a/ta;beact;, singing.

t, the darning of a stocking or
other garment by mending it
cross-wise, in imitation of weav-

ing-

Ct;at, a hurdle of wattles.
Cl;<xt, a harrow; cljat:

a harrow.
Cl;<xt, or "&l)<yc, rectius glj<xb, a

battle.

Cl;at<xc, a battle or conflict.
Cljatcin, the breast or side.
Cljoroj, a hurdle; also the chine

or back.

Cl;b;n and cljoboj, a piece.
Cl)bjf, tumult.
Cl;b;^e<xcb, peevishness.
Cl;c;b, to gather together, to as-

semble.

Cljjr/ng, a bottle.
Cl;ob<xc, rough, hairy, shaggy ;

gVjobac, idem.

Cljobaro, to pluck or tear in pieces.
Cl;obgun<x, a nig.
Cl;oboj e;c, a shaggy colt or

horse.

Cljolunta, stout, potent, hearty.
Cljpe, a hook to catch salmon or

other fish with ; hence it signi-

fies fraud, deceit, &c.
Cl)f, from cleoy, tricks, jokes, &c.
b, a skip or jump.
, to skip or jump; ct;r;m
102

i, to frustrate.

, active, swift, expert;
<x to.;m be;^- <xju^ cle, ex-
pert at each hand.

cb, dexterity, agility.
c, left-handed.
Cl;t, close ; also true.
Cl;ub, squint-eyed.
Clo, a nail, a pin, or peg ; Gall.
clou, Lat. clavus ;
clo

i;t <x e<xba;b, after
piercing Christ's hands and feet
with iron spikes or nails, they
cast lots for sharing his garments.
—L.B.

Clo, a print or mark, a character:
so called because the ancients
wrote their inscriptions on the
barks of trees and tablets with a
nail of iron or brass ; on account
of which ancient custom among
the old Romans also, an epoch
is called sera.

Cloca, a cloak.— Matt. 5. 40.

Cloc, a stone ; clo;ce £a;n;me,
gravel stones ; cloc-Y~ne<xct<x,
hail-stone; cloc-tejne, a flint;
cloc-ta/ifKXnjtd., a loadstone.

Clocajm, to stone. — 2 Chr. 2. 18.

Cloca-uct/fle, pearls.— Matt. 7.4.

Cloc, the herb Henbane.

Clocac, stony or rocky.

Clocan, a pavement, a causeway ;
also stone steps to pass over
small rivers.

Clocdft, an assembly or congrega-
tion ; also a convent.

Clobac, dirt, slime.

Clob and clo, print ; vid. clo.

Clob, variety, change.

Clobajm andclob-bual<x;m, to print
a book, to stamp ; clobugab, the
same.

Clob-buajlte, printed, stamped,
impressed.

Cloebeac, the name of a river in ;
the County of Cork, near Mai- }

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low, celebrated in Spencer's
Fairy Queen.

Clog, a bell, a clock; Wei. clock,
and Gall, cloche ; its dimin. is
clojgjn, a small bell ; also a
blister and a bubble.
Clo£<vb, a helmet ; also a mea-
sure.

Clojajm, to sound like a bell.
Cloj<xn, or clojj-ceann, the skull;
clojj-cjonn griuajac, the hairy
scalp ; Wei. clog.

a little bell ; t^; n<xonm<x^
, three times nine bells.
, a ringing or tinkling,
i. e. clog-cd^, a belfrey,
or steeple.

, the pin of a dial.
Clo;c-bejmn; j, stamping.
Clo;ce, from cloc, of or belonging

to a rock or stone.
Clo;ceab, a passport.
Clojcfiecxc and clojc;te<xn, a stony

place.

Clojbe and cl<xb, a ditch or dike.
Clo;b;m, a sword.— Matt. 10. 34.
Clojjean, the skull ; Wei. clog.
Clojjjn, a little bell.
Clojjjneo.6, curled, frizzled.
Qojjrriej, the gnomon or pin of a
dial.

c, a steeple, a belfrey;
corrupte cujljte<xc.

, the sense of hearing.
, to hear.

t, a brave or famous cham-
pion.

Clom and clo;m, a pair of tongs.
Clonn, (the same as columan, a pil-
lar, or pedestal,) a chimney-
piece; Vulg. Gr. KoXova, Hisp.
colima, and Lat. columen et co-
lumna.

, a hearing, a report ; clo^ no.
<xn, the hearing of the ancients.
This word has a radical affinity
with the Irish word clucy, an
ear.

Clot, noble, generous, brave.
103

Clot, fame, praise ; Gr. tcXfoc, glo-
ria; Wei. clod; and Ir. also
clu.

Ctotd, heard ; ;to clot<x, was heard.

Ctot<xc, famous, illustrious, re-
nowned ; ex. clotac l<xb^<x,pr«-
clarus sermo.

Clo<x;r and cluoj^e, of the ear;
rid. clu<\f.

Cloc<X;i, chosen, elected.

Ctu, praise, reputation, fame; Lat.
cli/eo, to be famous; and Gr.

K\V(i).

Cluj, written clujbe by an abusive
modern orthography, a ditch, a
coping ridge of earth; also a
cliff; Lat. cl/ru*.

Clu<x;n, adulation, flatten', blan-
dishment.

Clu<x;n, a plain between two woods,
also any fine level fit for pasture ;
Lat. planifm,Ar\g\. -Saxon, latctt,
visibly of the same root with
cluajn. — Vid. Lhr/yd's Compar.
Etym. pag. 10. col. 1., for an
initial letter being expressed in
one Celtic dialect, and omitted
in another. Note that several
towns and bishops' sees in Ire-
land derive their names from
this word Ctu<x;n ; ex. Ctu<x;n
utT)<x, now the town of Cloyne, a
bishop's see in the County of
Cork; CUm;n b<x;bne<xc aguf
Cluujn CDdc jNojr, in Leinster,
&c.

Clua;nj;ie, a flatterer, a seducer,
deceiver, &c.

Clc/txjn;^e<xct, flatten*, deception.

Clua-jf, to hear.

Clua;;-jn, a porringer.

Cluan<x;^e, vid. ctua;n;^e, a
crite.

, joy or gladness.
, the ear. With this Irish
word the cloche of the French,
the Welsh clcch, and Angl.-Sax.
clock, have a visible affinity, as
the ear is formed like a bell or

C L

clock, whence tympanum amis,
the ear's bell ; clucy-pajne, an
ear-ring ; clu<ty--y*e6;b, ear-
pendant ; hence bu/1-cluo.pxc,
ypA/ic-clu<x^<XC, and t;iomclu<x-
y<xc, all meaning dull or hard of
hearing.

c, having ears or handles.
m&otun, the tip of the ear.
and clubajm, to cover up
warm ; also to cherish or nou-
rish ; Lat. claudo, include.

Cluboib, a cover or coverture;
clubo. le<xpt<x, a bed cover or
bed-clothes; Angl.-Sax. cloth.

Club<xm<vjl, famous, renowned.

Clujceog, fraud or deceit.

Clu;ce, a battle, a game.

Clujb and clu;be<vn, a nook or an-
gle ; r>; <x cclu;b, not in a corner.

Clu;j, the pi. of clog, a bell.

Clu;j;n and clojan, a little bell.

Ctu;m, the genit. ofclum, a feather
or down.

Clu;ro-e<xltd., a feathered flock, or
flock of birds ; and clu;me<xlt<x,
the Royston crow. — Q.

Clu;n, heard, from clu;n;m.

Clujnjro, to hear; clu;n;be, hear

ye.

Clujnfjr), to hear.

Clujnte, heard.

Clu;nteo;;i, a hearer, an auditor,

&c.
Clujnteo;t<xcb, craftiness ; vid.

, to hear, alias

vid. cloy, &c.
Clu;te<xc, famous, renowned; Gr.

icAuroe, Lat. inclytus, famous,

renowned.
Clu;te, a game, play, or sport;

clu; jte, clu;te<xb<x, and clu;te,

PL.

Clujte<xb, a gaming, sporting, &c.

Clum, a feather or down : also fur
or hair, plumage, &c. : Lat.
pluma.

Clumac, feathers, plumage ; leu? bo
104

egi

cliiirxxc, full of feathers ; also of
or belonging to feathers ; an ad-
jective, signifying full of hair,
plumage, down, or fur, &e.

Clum<xm, to pluck feathers; also to
shear.

Clumtac, feathered ; also hairy ;
vid. clunxxc.

Clutu j<vb and clut<xj j;m, to chase,
to run down; <xj clutuj<xb <xn
je<ty-i;i-t:;<xb, running down the
hare.

Cn<x, good, gracious, bountiful ; ex.
GOoic C/i;omt:<xjn jra cn<x ;te
^jo;l, i. e. the son of C;i;omtan
was bountiful to the learned.

Cndba^i, drowsiness, heaviness.

Cn»Jibo.;/te, a prating jester, a scoff-
er.

c<*, ships.

, a knock, crack, &c. \
c, rough or uneven,
cb, sternness or sourness of
look.

Cn<xg<x;b, bunch-backed, bossed;
Gal. bossu.

a noggin.

to knock, to rap, to
smite.

xxj and cn<J.o;, a consumption, a
phthisic ; Gr. KVCLW, scindo, ra-
do, Sfc.) seems to have an affinity
with the Irish cn<vo;.

, hemp ; vid. c<xna;b. '
, a scoff", jeer, or flout,
treac, a fret ; also fretted.

Cna;b;m, to deride or ridicule.

Cn<x;^teac, sluggishness.

Cnci;m-p;<xc, a raven, or vulture.

Cn<x;/te, a buckle.

Cnam and cn<x;m, a bone.

Cnam<x^T<xb, i. e. cncur)m<x/ig<xb, the
shambles.

CnaiT)-;iu; jecxb, a cubit, from cn&m,
a bone, and'jtu; j, the arm, down
from the elbow to the fist.

Cnao;, a consumption, or phthisic.

Cno.0;, or cnu; j, the plur. of cnujj,
a maggot, or worm.

C JM

Cn&o;b;iY), to consume or languish;
4t<x ft <xj cnao;, he languisheth ;
cnaojfj jea/t ;ab, they shall con-
sume away ; also to gnaw or
chew ; Gr. KVUW, ratio, scindo.

Cn<x<x; jce, consumptive, spent, &c.

Ciap and cnogpe, genit. a bunch,
knob, or button ; old English,
cnaep.

, bunched or knobbed.
m, to strike or smite.

C.mpan, a knob, bunch, or boss.

Giarwa, a ship ; plur. crKX/t/KXba,
Gloss. Vet.

Cneab, a sigh, or groan.

Cneabtvjm, to sigh or groan.

Cneab, a wound; cneab <\ft fOn
cnejb, a wound for a wound.

C/ieab<xc, full of sores.

C/iearc<x;;te, a tricking, artful fel-
low.

Cnz&f, man's skin ; gjle & cnjf,
the whiteness of a man's skin.

C/iea^-bd. and cnea/td., modest,
meek, well-tempered.

Ciearbact, mildness, meekness,
&c.

C/iea^aj jjm, to heal or cure.

Cnecyu j<xb, a healing or curing.

C neat/torn, a kind of horse litter.

Cne;b-^ljOc, a scar.

Cne;b-^l;ocbac, full of scars.
rjoct, originally signified a com-
mon soldier or swordsman; ex.
jb;/t cn;oct a^uf car-ba/iun,
both common solaiers and offi-
cers. N. B. This word is of the
same origin with the German
knecht, which with them was
formerly the only word to signify
a soldier, what the Latins called
miles; and to this day lanze-
knccld signifies a foot-soldier. —
Fid. Claver. Germ. Antig. lib.
1 . cap. 44. The Anglo-Saxon
word knight is visibly the same
as the German knec.ht and the
Irish cnjoct, and properly, as
well as originally, signified no-
105

Cnj

thing else but soldier. But it
seems that among the Saxons and
Low Dutch, the knights be-
longed rather to the horse than
to the foot-soldiery ; for ridder,
the same as the English word
rider, is still the only word
amongst the Dutch to signify a
knight; and the Irish word ;tj-
bj/te signifies the same, whether
they had it originally in their
language, or borrowed it from
the English after their settlement
in Ireland. Cneoht, or cniht, in
old English, was not anciently
any title of honour, but signified
at first a boy or youth ; as learn-
ing cniht, a school-boy ; and af-
terwards (as it does yet in the
Danish) a servant; for ccpp-
citilitas were market- slaves; and
knecht, witU the low Germans,
is now also degraded to signify a
servant. " Nam knecht quod
nunc servum sive ministrum no
famulum, olim nil aliud quam
militem denotabat." — Clurer.
ibid. I find in Mac Craith's
History of the Wars of Thomond,
in the time of Thomas and Ri-
chard de Clare, that the words
cnjoct and /tjbjfie are used
synonymously. This word is
therefore one of those, which
from a mean original significa-
tion, have ennobled themselves
by degrees; as, to the contrary,
other words, whose primitive
meaning was honourable, have
been degraded to an infamous
sense ; thus latro, originally sig-
nifying a hired soldier, whose
functions were rather honour-
able, now means a highwayman ;
and leno, which meant a prince's
ambassador, is so strangely de-
graded as to signify nothing bet-
ter than a pimp, or procurer of
lewd women. On the other hand,

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Inro, which like latro, signified
a hired soldier, is now become a
title of honour and peerage.
Again, Tyrannus, a lawful king
or lord, now means an usurper
or oppressor.

Cn;op<vj/ie, a poor rogue.

Cn;op<x;;te<xct, acting the rogue.

Cno, famous, excellent, generous.

Cnobdb, a territory in the County
of Meath, which anciently be-
longed to the O'Duains.

Cnoc, a hill.

Cnoc, the herb navew.

Cnoccu?, a small hill, a hillock, a
heap.

Cnoc<jifl<xc, full of hills.

Cno-mujne, a wood of hazels, ches-
nut-trees, or walnut-trees; Lat.
nucetum.

CnOjiac<ty~, honour.

Cnu and cnub, a nut.

Cnuay, a collection.

Cnu<tyxtjm, to gather together, to
collect, or assemble.

Cnuo.px;Ti:e and cnu<x^ca, gather-
ed, collected.

Cnuty--<xpuj j, fruitful.

Cnubojfte, a nut-cracker.

Cnu;j, a maggot or worm formed
in rotten cheese or corrupt flesh.

Cnum, or c/turr), the same as cnu;j.

Co, formerly written for the mo-
dern go, asco-bj:e<Xfi<x;b Cj/tjonn
u;me, with the Irish forces in
general under his command ; CO
ceoi/it, justly.

Coac, i. e. jtuacdft, a violent pur-
suit. Note that rhythyr in Wei.
signifies a violent attack, or vigo-
rous onset.

Coa/ib, a husbandman, a rustic, a
clown ; pi. coajftbe. This word
co<x;ib seems to have an affinity
with the Anglo-Saxon, coward, a
dastard, or faint-hearted man.

Cob, victory, triumph ; hence cob-
c<xc and cob^ac, victorious.

Cobcic, a tribute.

106

l, an enclosed place, not co-
vered over head ; Lat. caula ;
also a woman's stays.

Cobajfi, or c<xb<x;/i, help, aid, re-
lief, assistance ; Gr. Kovpoe-

Cob<x/it<x, tuct cob<x/it<x, assistants.

Cob^/itac, or c<xb<x;tco.c, a helper,
an assistant.

Cobl<xc, a navy or fleet.

Cob;i<x, a shield or target.

c, victorious; cob/~<ic, beo-
b<x, c<xlm<x, ceoibj:<xt:<xc, epithets
given to a sprightly, brave, sen-
sible man.

Cobtxc, stout, brave, valiant.

Cobtac, victorious; hence it be-
came the proper name of many
of the Irish kings, and answers
very nearly to the Latin word
victorinus. N. B. Cobcuc, sig-
nifying victorious, was the proper
name of an Irish Chief, from
whom the ancient family called
O'Cobtajc derive their name
and descent : they were dynasts,
or chief lords of the territories,
now called Barryroe, east and
west, in the County of Cork.
They were of the Lugadian race,
which gave the ancient name of
Co;tc<x-lu;je to all the south-
west parts of the County of
Cork, a name that is now re-
duced to only two parishes, se-
parated by the river Eilean,
which forms the harbour of Bal-
timore, and are called Cotlu; je,
a corrupt contraction of the word
Co/ic<x-lu;je. It seems the
0'Cobt<x;c;b, Engl. O'Cowhig,
were originally the most distin-
guished of the Lugadian families,
since their chief is mentioned in
the first rank, and with high dis-
tinction, particularly with regard
to his hospitality, before the
O'Flains and the O'Driscols, in
the following ancient rhymes :
0'Cobt<i;cc n

C 0

6;t: t)\jaj\ too c;nn a;/t ;ata;b
7"ean : t/t;u;t nac bo ctanna;b
m;leab. Where the compound
word a/tto-ccOfin-oj/t, signifying
tall and large drinking-cups of
massy gold, and not inferior, in
sublime combination of ideas, to
any compound epithet in Homer,
is pompously expressive of the
great hospitality of O'CobtaJcc.
Note that the verb too cjnn, in
the above rhymes, signifies to
reign as king. — P id. ceann,
cjnn, supra. But a melancholy
remark, which remains to be
made, is, that of the two families
first mentioned in the just re-
cited rhymes, there is not, to my
knowledge, one individual now
existing that may be held in the
light of a gentleman, having
been all dispossessed long since
of their very ancient and large
properties ; which indeed is the
case of many other Irish families
not less illustrious in former
times, who are now either quite
extinct, or reduced to a state of
perfect obscurity, for the reason
now mentioned.

Cobtac, a creditor ; perhaps rather
a debitor. Clery explains it by
pea/t too tol; jea/" p;aca.

Coc, manifest.

Coca, a boat ; Wei. kuch.
- Coca, a cook ; Lat. coquns.
. Cocajfte, a cook; Lat. infinit. co-
quere.

Cocajfteact, a cooking; also the
art thereof.

Coca/t, order, economy.

Coc-tou^n, a buckler.

Cocal, a net.

Cocal, a cloak, mantle, or vestment ;
cocat fpojl, a satin cloak; also
a hood or cowl; ex. cocal an
naoro bjtata/t, the holy friar's
cowl ; Lat. cue nil us.
107

C 0

Cocma, the parity of one thing to
another.

Coc /tot, a shield or target.

Coto and cotoa, a piece or part ;
le;t-cotoa, of the half part ; can -
cotoa, any part : it is mostly writ-
ten cot and cota in old manu-
scripts; pi. cotca;b and cota-
r> a; b ; Lat. quota.

Coto, victor}'.

Cotoa, or ato cotoa, i. e. bl; jjto, it
requires, it deserves. This word
is always used in an impersonal
sense.

Cotooc, invention.

Cotoac and catooc, friendship.

Cotoato, a mountain.

Cobajle, a supping-room. — PI.

Cotodl, or comtoal, a convention, or
assembly; also friendship, inti-
macy.

Cotoalta and cobalt ac, sleepy, ad-
dicted to sleep; ^uan cotoalta,
a profound sleep,
contrary,
a sacrificing, an offer-

ing. ^

Cotonac, a lord, a powerful per-
sonage, or principal man in a
district.

Cotolato and cotola;m, to sleep ; bo
cotolajto fe, he slept ; cojtoeol-
cao;, ye shall sleep.

Coblajnean, poppy.

Coto^iama, equal, even.

Cotoftamac, a countrj-man, a rustic.

Coto /tarn act, equality, parity.

Coto/tomta, tou;ne coto^omta, an
uncivilized man ; also a stran-
ger.

Coem or caom, little, small.

Coem, i. e. corn-em ; o;^ a^" jonan
em aju/- e/^a, no tuat, as soon
as, as swift as.

Cop^a, a chest or box ; Ang.-Sax. .

_/Y»

coffer.

Cop/tJ^n, a little box, or drawer.
Co^ato, war, rebellion ; also to wage

war or rebel; too cojatoa/t an

C 0

C O

<xj<xjb <\.n <vnnpla;t, they re-
belled against the usurper.
Cog<x;b, or c<X5<x;b, just, lawful,

equitable.

Cojajbe-mujtljn, mill-cogs.
.\ Cojat, the herb cockle.
Coj<xl, the beards of a barley-ear.
Cogamd.}! and cojamujl, warlike,

military.

Cojaj-i, a whisper ; also an insur-
rection, a conspiracy; ex. po
mcx/tbab e bq cogfyi pea/t mjbe
50 7)<xer)cle;t;e, he was privately
murdered by the unanimous con-
spiracy of his own subjects, the
people of Meath. — VicL Tighern.
Annales.

, to whisper.
c, whispers.
-, peace, amity.
Co jalc, a wash-ball.
Cojnab and cogrxvjm, to chew, to
bite.

, a well-ordered system.
, to conspire.

c, rebellious; also a warrior.
and coju^, conscience;
<xn cojuj^, the scrutiny
and examination of the con-
science.
Cojb, a company, a troop; Lat.

copia.

vCo;b and cojbedb, a copy.
Cojbcjob, ravenous, fierce.
Co;bce, a dowry, a reward.
Cojbce, a buying or purchasing.
Co;bc;cjm, to purchase or pro-

cure.

Cojbcjte, bought, purchased.
Co;bbetxn, i. e. com-bu;be<xn, of
which it is a corrupt contraction,
a troop, or company.
Co;bfteoc<xb, to comfort.
C6;b/~e<xn<x, confession.
Co;c, a secret, a mystery.
Co;ce, a mountain.
C6;cc and cojje,a fifth part : hence
the word co;ge is prefixed to the
names of the five different pro-
108

vinces of Ireland, as they are es-

teemed each a fifth part of the

kingdom, though they are not

all of an equal extent.
Co;cme, small, little.
Co;ct, children.
Co;cme, an udder.
Co;bce, again; also ever, conti-

nually ; nj co;bce, never.
Co;beol<xb, to sleep or slumber;

c/teb <xnn <x cco;beoto.;b fc,

wherein shall he sleep ?
Co;bc, always, utterly ; also verily.
Cojbe, chastity, continency.
Co;be<xc, a fighting.

rectius cojj/ijoc, or
c, a foreigner, a stran-

ger.

jrc/vjocoy, the remoteness of one

place from another.

potius COJJ c^joc, a

strange land, a remote country.
Co;je, the fifth part of any thing.
Cojge, a province, so called because

Ireland was divided into five

territories or provinces ; vid. sup.

cujg c6;ge no. r)e;fi;onn, the

five provinces of Ireland.
Co;3eab<xc, a provincial.
Cojjeol, a noise or clap.
Cojgeat, a distaff'.
Co;gealt<x, a conference.
Co;je<x/tt, judgment.
Cojjecv/tt, asking a question.
Co; je<x^-, or co;ge;^e, five ways or

manners, i. e. co;j-be<X^.
Co;5;t;m, to rake up or kindle ;

co;jjl <xn te;ne, kindle the fire.
Co;g;t;m, to spare, to save, to lay

up; bo c'o;j)l mog nudjab, i. e.

eojan-noo/i, <xn ca/tba/t: eo^an-

mo/1, spared the corn, or laid it

up ; cojgjl pnn <x Cb;a/tna,

sjiare us, O Lord.
Coj^jU, a thought or secret ; genit.

coj^le.

Co;jle, a companion.
Co;jle<xcb, a train or retinue.

to accompany, to at-

C 0

C 0

tend.

Corgne, a *pear or javelin.
j, a bound or limit.
jeac, a stranger, a foreign-
er.

Coj-gpjnn, five parts or divisions.

Co;lb;n, a small shaft ; a stem or
stalk of a plant.

Co;lce, a _ bed, bed-clothes ; tn;
co;tce<xb<x no. bjrejnne, the three
materials of bedding amongst
the Fenii, or C;ana. C;/t;onn, ac-
cording to romantic accounts,
viz. bd/1/tujd.l Cfi<xnn, caonnac,
0.5 df u/t-liMcajfi, branches of
trees, moss, and green rushes.

Cojtea^ab, a lethargy.

Co;le;/t, a quarry, or stone-pit, a
mine ; corrupte co_jfieat.

or co;le<xn, a whelp,

^Co;leac, a cock. — Mark 13. 35.

\Cojljce, the cholic.

. Cojl;/-, rectius coljf , cabbage ;

/•/'//. cot;/", Lat. caulis.
Co;lt, sin, iniquity.
CojU, and gen. cojlle, pi. co;ltte,

a wood, a grove, a wilderness ;

a, ccojlt b;cim<x;/t, in a dark

wood, or desert ; cu;n ollcgb n<x

co;lle, the wolves of the forest ;

Wei. kelli, a grove; vid. ge;lt.
Cojtteab, a hog.
Cojlleab and cojlt;m, to blindfold,

or make blind.
CojUeab and co;ll;m, to trespass,

to infringe, to violate; also to

plunder, to geld, &c.
Cojttmjn, a young pig.
Cojllre, woods or forests.
Co;lltre GQajb)ne<xc<x, a territor>T

near Mitchelstown, in the County

of Cork, formerly belonging to a

tribe of the O'Caseys.
Cojtlte, or ctxjtlte, and c<xjtttrea-

ndc, an eunuch; also gelded,

lost, undone.
Cojl-m;<x/-, a wooden dish.

and coll<x_;b, vuly. cotan, a
109

young cow or heifer.

Co;tce<xir)u;t, woody, fidl of wood*.

C6;mc/t;o/*l<xc, the confines of a
country.

Co;mbe, custom, practice, use.

Co;mbe, a keeve, a large tub.

Co;me<xt:<X, a comet.

Co;rr>, the inflection of com, equal,
answers exactly in sense to the
Latin con, and often forms the
first part of a compound; it is
generally written by the modern
grammarians co;m when an e or
; becomes the initial letter of the
second part of the compound :
it was anciently written com
without any alteration or addi-
tion; it implies as, so, or as
much, equal, &c. N. B. This
prefix com has occasioned that
several words subjoined to it,
have been corrupted from their
true original formation, some of
their radical letters being sup-
pressed and lost by abusive con-
tractions; first proceeding from
vulgar pronunciation, and then
continued and authorized by co-
pyists, who had not skill enough
to rectify the words by restoring
them to their radical purity.
And the prefix too has suffered
in one of its radicals in some ren-
counters; for instance, in the
word co/~mu;t, which in its origi-
nal formation was com /-<xmujl,
from the prefix com, and /"<xmu;l,
similar, Lat. similis, the prefix
has lost its last radical m ; and its
adjunct, /-amu;t, hath been re-
duced from two syllables to one.
We shall occasionally take notice
of some of those corrupted wri-
tings, guided by this rational
maxim, that when the adjunct
part of the compound word
makes no sense by itself, it is to
be rectified by restoring it to the
frame of a known word, bearing

C 0

C 0

such a meaning as may be natu-
rally reconcileable with that of
the compound word in ques-
tion.
-•V Combe, a lord, laird, or master.

Cojm-be, or C<Wjbb;<x, according
to some, the Trinity, from Com,
and <De or (D;<x, God.

Co;me<x/i, short, brief; aliter, cu-
moj/t and <xtcum<x;/t.

Co;me<ty-ba, i. e. co;m-me<ty-b<x, of
equal esteem or worth.

C6;m<i;/te, g<xn cojmaj/ie, without
forewarning.

Co;nr)-6ecxfila, corrupted into co-
rn o.;/ile, a conference, or consul-
tation by mutual talking or
speeching, a council or synod;
vid. com-<X5<\l and c6m<x;/tle,
infra.

C6;m-be;/<t;m, to contribute.

Cojm-ceanjal, a joint, an union,
league, or covenant; a conspi-
racy; also a conjugation.

Cojro-ceangldb, to couple, to unite.

Co;m-ce<xp3., a protection.

Cojm-cejmn; j;ro, to accompany, to
go together.

Co;ro-cl;<xiTKx;n, vid. ct;&Bu;n.

Co;m-c;ie<xpab, contraction.

C6;m-c/i;o^lac, the confines of a
country.

Co;mbe<n.c, safe or secure.

Cojro-beantact, a composure.

Co;m-b/te;me<xct, competition.

C6;m-b/ieact:a, conformed.

Co;mecxc, like, alike.

Co;me<xb<xc, a watch or guard.

Co;medba;be, a keeper; j:ea/t co;-
meaba, idem.

Co;me<\b<x;m, to keep, to preserve;
also to beware, or take heed ;
cojmeabjrujb tu,thou shalt keep.

Cojmeabac, coupling or joining.

a^gapi, a conflict, a mutual
strife or struggle; coiruptecojn-
yca^, qd. vid.

o;me^n;^m, to force or con-
strain, to oppress, to exact ;
110

co;m-ejgn;t;, ye exact ; bo co;m-
e;5"j| fe> he urged ; ta^/tajb
an pj'g japfjn na ^e<xct:m b/nx;-
t/te goncx m<xt:a;^, <xgu^ feo
co;me;5njT }<xb cum jreot<x muc
b;te, the king urged the seven
brothers (the Machabees) and
their mother, to eat swine's
flesh.

Co;m-e_j/tje, associates, partners,
allies.

Cojm-ejfijjm, to join with auxilia-
ries, to assist.

Co;meub, a ward or custody, watch,
&c. ; b) tu <Xfi bo cojmeu be
upon thy guard; co;meub<v, as
luct co;meuba, a guard.

Co;meuba;je, a keeper, an ob-
server.

Co;m-feab<xn, a troop, a company.

Co;m-j:c<x/-(-c05<vjb, a fellow-sol-
dier.

conscous.

tcxc, agreeable to,
or corresponding.
Co;ro-pie<X5ft<xb, conformity.
C6jm-p:;c;m, to dispose, or to set in

order.

Co;mjte;c, a conflict, or struggle
in wrestling, running a race, or
any other bodily exercise ; vid.

Co;m-jne, or cojm-eagrxx je<x/7<x
. e.

;io;le, a chronological and his-
torical knowledge.

Co;m-jl;nneab, a fastening, or ad-
hering to.

Co;ro-j;iearocij<xb, a fastening, or
adhering to.

C6;m-j/te(xma;j;m, to adhere, to
cling to.

Go;m-;<xtac, one of the same coun-
try with another; vid. jac.

Cojm;be<xct:, guarding, attending ;
mnaco;m;be<ict:<x,waiting-maids.

Co;m)beac or co;m; jteac, strange
or foreign; also an out-comer,

c o

C 0

stranger, or foreigner.

Cojmjoc and co;m;uc, a comedy. —
PL

Grjm-jonann, even, equal, alike.

C6jm-le<xn5<v, a course or race.

Cojml;c, corrupted from co;m jlejc, ;
a struggle, particularly in run- \
ning a race.

Co;m-l;je, i. e. lan&mn&f, coup- j
ling.

Cojm-lj j;m, to lie together.

Co;m-l;onga, the even or regular
march of an army : hence that
Irish name or description of a
camel, eac cojmljonga, signify-
ing a kind of walking-horse, be-
cause he always walks with equal
leisure.

Cojm-ljon, a multitude.

Co;m-l;ont<v, fulfilled, complete.

Co;m-l;ont<xct;, a completing or
fulfilling.

C6;m-meant<j.^, a comparison ; rec-
tius com-iDOrtt<x^.

Cojm-med.^, equal.

Cojm-meci^-, a consideration, or
comparison.

Co;m-me<ip3.;m, to compare.

Co;m-medfba, equal, of equal
worth.

Co;m-m5;it<jy and com-m6/t<xb, a
comparison.

Co;m-najj;m, to dwell together, to
inhabit. This is a corrupted
contraction of the word com-
tjonu; j;m, compounded of com
and t;onu;j, which means fre-
quenting a place ; and com t;o-
naj j means dwelling, or continu-
ing in a place.

Cojmneac, mindful.

Co;m-neo.fit;o.J2}ff)> *° confirm, to
strengthen.

Cojm-ne<x/it<x) jte, confirmed ; Sa-

je, the Sacrament of
Confirmation.
Cojm-necintu j<xb, confirmation.
Co; m -near, a neighbourhood.
Ill

Co;m-ne<xr<vjm, to approach, to
draw nigh to.

Co;mnj j;m, to remember.

C6;mn;u j<xb, a remembrance.

C6;m/te<ic, assistant.

C6jm-/te<xlr and cojm-^e<xlc<xb, a
constellation.

Co;m-/te<xn<x;m, to divide.

C6;m-/te;mn; jjm, to assemble.

Cojm-^ejn, syntcuis, or construc-
tion, concord, &c.

C5;m-/t;<xcbciri<i.^, great want, or
distress.

C6;m-ft;j<xcbu;n, to engender.

Co;ro-ft;<xt;u;n, copulation.

C6;m-^-e<x^am, equilibrium.

Cojm-^eacd.c, consequently.

Co;m-^e<xc<xcb, consequence.

C6;m-/-e;ceam<X)l, by consequence,
consequential.

w-f) j?m, to perceive ; also to
comprehend as in a sum.
m-^; jce, provident, frugal.

C6;m-^-^e<X5<xb, a connexion, or
relation.

Co;mce<xca/% cohabitation, or living
together in the same house.

C6;mce<xcA)be, or cojmceacac, a
person that cohabits with another
in the same house and family.

Cojmt; je<x^, cohabitation, or living
in the same house.

Co;mt:;je<j.^<xc, one who lives in
the same house with another.

Co;m-rjonal, an assembly, a con-
gregation, a synagogue, or con-
vent.

Cojm-cjo/t/ttac, one of the same
country, a countryman.

Co;m-t;te<xnab, a confirmation.

Co;muc, a comedy. — PI.

Co;m;n, a common. j£

Co;m;;te, a brief, an abridgment.

Co;mpfteab and co;m-p/te<xm<xb,
conception, generation.

b and co;
m<x;m, to conceive; ex. b
<vn CJ<iftna bo
bo cojm-p^eamab

C 0

C 0

ttfl Sp;o/xAb naom, Angelus Do-

mini Annunciav it Mar ice, et con-

cepit de Spiritu Sane to.
Cojn, or cujn, (pi. of cu,) hounds;

vid. cu.
Cojnbecvb, a feast or entertainment;

co;nbe<xb coecjf, a fortnight's

entertainment.
Co;nbeabd.c, a person who is in-

vited to, or partakes of a feast ;

Lat. conviva, Gall, convie.
Co;nbed./ipVjb, conversation.
Co;n-b;le, the dogberry-tree.
Co;nbl;octr, a conflict or battle ;

sometimes, and better written,

co;nj:l;oct; ; Lat. conjlictus.
Co;nce, haste, speed, expedition.
Co;nc;n, the brain.
Cojnbealj, counsel.
Co;nbe<xtj, comparison, likeness,

similitude.

Cojnbealj, a criticising.
Co;nb;u;/t, as straight as.
Co;nb/te<xc, co;r>b/tecLc 0;tt, mis-

chief on you.
Co;nb/te<xc, instruction.
Co;nb/ie<xc, to direct.

here they separate, or branch out
from each other.
Cojnbfteagab, to fight or battle

out.

Co;nb/te<xm<xn, rage, madness, fury.
Co;nb/i;^, a dog-brier.
Co;ne<xb, reproof.
Co;ns<xl-5a;te, excommunicated,
accursed, detestable; c<vjnbe<xl
Ba;te, idem.

Co;neo, the dogberry-tree.
, the evening.
, a confessor.
c, late.
, otters.

cb, a debate, a battle, a
conflict.
Co;njjolt, a qualification.
Cojn jjall, or co;n j;ol, a condition ;
cojrjjjot, ujion condition.
, conditional.
112

Co;n;r», or cujnjn, a rabbit; Lat. ^*

cuniculus ; vid. cu.
Cojnteo^t, a candlestick.
Cojnljn, co;nle, and ca^leoj, a

stalk, a bud.
Co;nne, a meeting ; ;on<xb co;nne,

a place of meeting, a rendez-

vous.
Co;nne, Of co;nne, opposite; of

cojnne <x ne<xba;n, to their faces ;

bo jvjt fe no. co;nne, he ran to

meet him ; &f co;nr>e <x cejte,

over against one another.
Cojnne, a woman. This old radi-

cal word of the Celto-Ibernians,

is the same in origin as the word ^

quean or queen of the Anglo- '

Saxons; Lat. cunnus, ex. ante

Helenam cunnus fuit causa te-

terrima Belli. — Horat.
Co;nn-<xta;/i, a father-in-law, a

wife's father.
Co;nne<xt and c<vjnbe<xl, a candle ;

Lat. candela.

/teo.ct<x, i. e. ;i<xct<x-con,

the laws of hounds and of hunt-

ing.

Cojrif~]4f, vid. co-£uf, conscience.
Co;nt, a woman.
Co;nt;n, a controversy, a debate,

dispute, or contention : jrea/t

co;nt;nne, a contentious man.
Co;nt;nne<xc, contentious.
Co;nt;ono;beo.c, custom. — PL ex.

Cl.
C6jp; a tribe or multitude of peo-

ple, or military forces ; Lat. co-

pice-arum.

Cojp, a copy of any writing.
Co;p-^5/t;b;n, a transcript of any

piece of writing.
Co;;i, in compound words signifies

false, as co;;t-ctejftjoc, a false

clerk.

jft, or cujjt, sin, guilt, iniquity,

fault ; Ian bo co;;tr;b jrujlteaca,

full of bloody crimes; bo ^e;/t

A cOj;ie, according to his fault.
, solitary, lonesome.

C 0

C 0

Co; ;t, just, right; nci/i com <x beu-

nam, that ought not to be done.
Coatee, oats ; Wei. keirk ; cojnce

f) <xba;n, wild oats ; <*ft<xn co;/tce,

oat-bread.

Cojflbjn, a small cord.
Co;;te, trespass.
Co;;te, a chaldron.
Cojfie, an invitation to any meeting

or entertainment.
Co;fieamdrt, coriander.
Coj/tjnjom, satisfaction.
Co;fV£, ranges.
Co;ft; jjm, or cujftjgjm, to sin, tres-

pass, or offend ; bo cO;tu;j me,

I have offended ; also to con-

demn, to chastise, or correct ;

coj/teOcci me, I will punish, or

correct.
Co;/t; j;m and conujab, to mend,

to repair, to trim, or dress.
C6;/t;gte, dressed, amended ; go

co;/t; jte, sprucely, neatly.
Co;/t;m, to teize.

Co;rt;pe<xb, corruption; and co;-
'

Co;/t;p;m, to corrupt or spoil.
Co;/t;pte, corrupted, depraved,

wicked.

Co;n;pte<xct, corruption, villany.
Co;/tm and cajuro, a kind of ale

among the old Irish ; vid. cu;;tm.
Co;;tme and cOj/tmedc, a pot-com-

panion.

Cojfimeoj, a cup-gossip.
Coj;im;n, the dimin. of co/tmac, a

proper name of a man.
Co;;tneac, a part.
C6;/-toe<xc, ;a^ja;^e c6;;ineAc, the

king's fisher.
•• Coj'tneul, a corner; Wei. kornel ;

it properly means the point of

the interior space of any angle ;

a nook.

Cojnnjneac, frizzled, curl-haired.
Co;/tn^-b;all, a cupboard.
• Co;npe, wicked, corrupt; bao;ne

co;^pe, potius co;/ipte, de-

praved or wicked person*.
113

, to make round
and sharp like a top.
Cojjtficeann cjogojl, a whirl^ig.
Co;/t;t-be<xbab, to fight with a
spear; o_jft &f pnnan co;^/t
<x5a^ ^leaj.— C/.
Cojn^Cfieaboj, a screech-owl.
Co; fit, bark ; Lat. cortex.
Co;;tteo;rt, a carter.
Co^, near to, hard by; cojf na

p<\jf\%e, by the sea.
Co;j-be<X;tt:, leg-armour, or a pair
of greaves, or boots; also a shoe
or stocking.

Co;^ce;m, a pace or step ; red i us
co^-ce;m, from co^, a foot, and
ce;m, a degree ; vid. co^-ce;m.
Co;^be, a coach. .
Co;^-be, orco;^te, a jury of twelve
men for trying a criminal cause
according to the law of Ens-
land.

Co;^-eona me, I will prove, main-

tain, or defend ; via. co^<xna;ir.

CojfZJm, to still or quiet, to quell

or allay ; also to cease, to leave

off.

, diligent, careful.
be, a footman.
, a stem or foot-stalk.
, a great feast, or plentiful
entertainment ; co;^"/te<xc, idem.

, broad.
c, vid. co;^;/t.

, to consecrate ; Lat.
consecro.

, consecration ; also
blessing.

Co;pie<xctrtX, consecrated, blessed.
agta, idem; u;^je cojf-
tci, holy or consecrated wa-
ter.

, consecration.
sanctification.
, the scanning of a
verse ; . e. ;i;omab, or <x;;team

Co;^react, potius clo;^teactr,
hearin.

C 0

C 0

, a coachman.

-j* Co;t, and gen. cojttre, a coracle,
or small boat.

Cojtceab, public ; fgola co;tce-
<xba, public schools ; trcW. co;t-
cea'nn.

Cojtceann, vulgar, common, pub-
lic; cojtcexxnn bon u;le bu;ne,
common to all men; go cojt-
ce<xnn, in general.

Co;tce<\nnact:, community.

Co;jteo/t<xn, a limit or boundary.

Co?t;t, an awl, a bodkin, &c.

Col, an impediment or prohibition ;
Gr. Kb)\vit>, impedio ; col gd-Ojl,
the impediment of consanguinity;
col com-jrogu;^, the impediment
of affinity ; colu;^je, i. e. c<v;/t-
b;o^ c;i;o^-b, the impediment of
spiritual relation, contracted in
baptism or confirmation : this
last is vulgarly called col ^/iu;^-,
corrupted from col j<xji-u^"r.e.

Colac, wicked, impious, prohibited,
C<x;n col<xc, impious Cain.

Col<v;m, to hinder; Gr. jcwAvw,
impedio.

Coltx; jneacb, a colony.

Colajj-be, a college.

Colcxm, to plaster.

Col<xm5}/i, the fish called Hake in
English.

Col<xmu;n, vid. colum<x;n,
leap<x, a bed-post.

Col<xmn<x pe<Xfib, a cow-hide.

Cokvn, the body, flesh; bo c
b<xjt <xn col<xnn, they mortified
the flesh; <x;^"e;/ije nd colnd,
the resurrection of the flesh.

Colb, a post or pillar ; also the
stalk of a plant.

Colba, a sceptre.

Colb<x, love, friendship, esteem,
regard,

Colb<X)m, to sprout, or shoot forth
sprigs.

Col6c<x and colpa, the calf of the
leg, the shank, the le? of a man
114

from the knee to the ankle.

Colbt<xc, a cow-calf, a heifer.

Colcac, or colc<vjb, a bed,

Colg, a sword.

Colj, a prickle, a sting, a beard or
awn; as of barley, colj 6/ina,
&c.

Colr<xc, full of prickles or beards ;
also smart, lively ; also fretful.

Colgan, a salmon.

jb;m, to fence, to fight
with a sword.

, cabbage ; Lat. caulis. ..>-

Coll, the hazel-tree : hence the let-
ter c took the name of coll.

Coll, a head.

Coll, destruction, ruin.

Collac, or fton-coll<vc, a fat heifer.

Collab and coll<vjm,to sleep : some-
times written coblab

Collab, sleep, rest.

Collajb, a heifer of two years old.

Coll<x;b, carnal, venereal.

Coll<x;m, to sleep ; Heb. cfrn,som-
nium.

Coll-c<x;ll, a wood of hazel.

Collcnu, a hazel-nut.

Ccll-lecxba;b, a bedstead.

Collc<xc, a fleet : written also cob-
lac.

Colloc<xc, sleepy.

Colm and coluno, a dove, or pigeon; X
colu/i, idem.

Colm<x, hardness.

Colmca, a dove-cote, a pigeon-
house.

Colm-lcw, a pigeon-house.

Colog, a stake or collo]).

Colp<x, a single cow, horse, &c.

Colpac, a bullock, or heifer; a
young steer, a colt.

Cole, meat, victuals ; vid. in voce
ce;;in;ne, supra.

Colca/i and colt<x;/i, a plougli-
share.

Coltjta, dark, gloomy, obscure.

Coluba;/tb, coleworts, cabbage.

Colum and colom, a dove or pigeon ;
Lat. columba, Wei. clommen,

C 0

Cor. kolom, Arm. kulm and ku-
lym.

^, Columan, a prop or pillar, a pe-
destal ; Lat. columna, Wei. en-
lorn, Hisp. coluna, \ ulg. Gr.

Com, the waist or middle, the body ;
t;nne<xr- co;m, the bloody flux ;
also a defence, protection, guard ;
ex. pi co;m, under covert, or
protection.

Comae, a breach, a defeat ; com<xc
<xn cat<x, the defeat of the army.

Com<xbo;jt, a romancer.

Com<ib6;fte<xcb, a feigned story, in-
vention.

Comajftce, protection.

Com<x;^c;m, to protect or defend.

Comci?t<xjm, to liken or compare.

CorTKXnn, communion, society.

Comd/t, the nose ; also a way.

Com<x^c, a part or share.

Coma.;tcteo;n, a protector.

Comdftt, to kill.

Coma/-, the pulse ; rid. cujrte.

Com<ty*<xc, efficacious, capable, able.

Comcyg, mixture, a blending toge-
ther ; <i ccoma;/^ lea»t, higgle-
dy-piggledy.

a composition,
m, a chaos, or confused
mass.

Coma^mo;!, idem.

Combac, a breach, defeat, &c.

Combajbe, assistance, friendship.

Combfiujtre, crushed.

Combaj^, resembling, like.

Com, in compound words some-
times signifies so or as ; corrxx/tb,
as high; com-bao;ne<xc, so po-
polous ; and com-p ab^-o, this far;
com -mo ^, as great ; vid. co;m.

Com, to keep, to preserve.
• Com^cb, might, power, ability :
<xnn bo comacb, in thy power.

Comacbac and com<xcb<xma;t, able,
capable, powerful ;
idem.

Coirxxcmac, a circuit.
115

C 0

C6m<xb, the two last quartans of a
verse are distinguished by this
name, as the two first are by that

Com<xb, an elegy ; rectius cum<xb.

Corrmb, preservation.

C6m<xb, a sigh or groan.

Comab, or cum<xb, a bribe ; also a
reward, a condition, or article of
peace, &c., a gratuity, hire, or
recompense ; ex. b^ear nan co;;t
a bonca bajc : <vjft comtotjB 6;»t
no. ajngjottr, a judgment which
you should not pronounce for
gifts of gold and silver.

Com-dgcil, a conference, a council,
from com : Lat. con ; and <xj<xl,
mutual talk or discourse : it is
of the same import with co-
majftle, corrupted from comte-
<X/il<x, signifying talking, speech-
ing, or conferring in common :
bedfild. is of a Gennano-Celtic
origin, the same word with parle,
parler, of the French.

ComajUe, being big with cliild,
pregnancy, &c.

Com<x;lt;m, to bear or carry.

C6md.jlt:;m, to join.

C6mcv;nn^etXrtac, cotemporary.

C6majm/"e<x;nba, idem.

Coma;nm, a surname.

Coma;;t and comu;/t, opposite, to-
wards; <ty- bu/t ccomajfi, over
against you ; Cx^t ccom&j/tne, for
us ; j:a c6m<V7;t ncx clo;nne, for
the children.

ComA;tbjm andc6m<Xjfim;m, to num-
ber, to count, or reckon ; bo

be, ye shall count.
, a cry, an outcry.

Com<x;;tce, quarter, or mercy.

Com<x;;tc;m, to cry out, to bewail.

C6iri<x;|tle, an advice or counsel.

Como.;^te, a convocation, council,
or synod ; from com and be<x/tla,
a speech, an arguing, or consult-
ing ; comdj/tle bjredft nejpjonn,
the general council of the Irish

C 0

C 0

nation.

Coma;ftleac, a counsellor, adviser,
&c.

Coma;/*!; j;m, to counsel, to advise,
to consult; bo coma; /it; j ye, lie
advised.

Coma;tceab, competition.

Coma;tcea^, a neighbour.

Cornell, the performance, execution,
or accomplishment of a thing;
ex. bo 7^70/1 b/ia; jbe pie comat
r>a cuma;b, he desired to have
hostages as sureties for the per-
formance of the conditions.

Comat, bold, courageous, brave.

Comat, or cumat, a waiting-maid.

Comat, or accomat, to heap or join
together ; Lat. cumulo, accu-
inulo.

C6mala;m, to discharge an office
or duty, to perform, fulfil.

Comalt and comatta, a foster-bro-
ther; Lat. co-alitus, from alo,
alere, altum, et alitum.

Comattac, fulfilled, performed, &c.

Comam, to defend.

Com-annan, like, alike ; co;m-;on-
nan, idem.

Com-aonta, consent.

Com-aontacb, agreement, unity,
concord.

C6m-aonta; j;m, to agree with one,
to consent to ; as com-aonta; j;m
an co;m^e;ce<xcb, concedo con-
svquentiam.

Com-ao^ba, cotemporary.

Comtx^i, opposite, vid. com<n;;t,

Com<x/tb<x, protection.

C6m<X;tb(X, i. e. com-jro/iba, a co-
partner in church-lands or bene-
fices; also a successor to a see
or other ecclesiastical dignities ;
Comd/tba pfratt/rjcc, St. Pa-
trick's successor in Armagh. —
Vid. Colg. Triad. Thaumatvrg.
pag. 293. 693. col. 1. and War.
Antiq. Hib. cap. 17.— I id. J?OK-
b<x, Coirm/ibcx p/?e<xb<x;/i, the
pope, or St. Peter's successor.
116

Com<X;tb<x, a religious order of
monks among the old Irish. —
Vid. Keat.

CoiTKX/tba, bean com<x/tba, an ab-
bess ; bean coma/tba Oft;5;be,
the abbess of Kildare, or the
successor of St. Bridget. — Vid.
Chron. Scot.

Coma/ibacb, a vicarage.

Coma/ibab, agreement, correspon-
dence : in the composition of an
Irish ban, or verse, coma/tba, or
coma/tbujab, is an agreement
and correspondence of two words
in number of syllables, quantity
of vowels and consonants of the
same class.

Coroa/tjirjn, a syllogism.

Coma/t^a, and gen. coma/i^an, a
neighbour, rectiuscdwupfa, from
com and u/t^a, the jamb or side-
post of a door: a very natural
expression of the mutual con-
nexion and dependance of neigh-
bours on each other.

Coma/t^anacb, a neighbourhood.

Coma/ita, a mark or token ; com-
a/tta na c/io;^ e, the sign of the
cross ; ph coma/tta; je.

Coma/ttu jab, a marking or point-
ing out.

Coma/itu;j;m, to remark or ob-
serve.

^te, marked, remarked.
Com-b/iuac, the marches or con-

fines of a country.
Com-b/iuacac, bordering upon one

another, conterminous.
C6m-ca;b/ieac, corresponding, a

correspondent.

Com-ca;b/ieact, commerce, traffic.
Com-ca^/ieaca^, commerce, mu-

tual correspondence.
Com-ca;nt, a conference ; also con-

troversy, an abuse, or affront;

tugaba/t comca;nt ba ce;le,

they abused or reviled each

other.
C6ir)-ca;6b;m and c6m-ca6;n;m, to

C 0

C 0

condole, to bemoan.

Com-c<Xrtci;beacb, rectius comcu-
;t<v;becicr, mutual struggling or I
combat.

C6m-ca.;insr<x, heaped together.

anjat, a confederacy ; com-
ceangdl, also means any joint
union or tie either in social lite,
or degree of affinity.

jg/tjj, a border or limit.

Com-conjBajl, honour.
v Com -coup, a corporation.

Com-cOffoujl, alike, suitable, con-
formable. N. B. This word is
corrupted and abusively con-
structed ; for the word copriujl
is a corrupt contraction of com-
7"d.mu;l; Lat. consimilis.

Com-cnajtre, sprinkled.

C6m-c/t<ty-, good-fellowship.

C6m-6;tao;be<xcb, agreement.

Com-Cftu;nn;^;m, to assemble, to
convoke.

C6m-c;tu;/7nju;z;<xb, a congregation.
tu;nnj jre, assembled ; <x taj-
mjb annpx jo com-CKirjnn;jte
<x ncvjnm <De, we are here assem-
bled in the name of God ; from
com, Lat. con; and c(nu;/7ne,
quod vid.

u;^;m, to dispose or set in
order.

ub/mmd; j;m, to equalize.

C6m-cu;r-n; jte, congealed.

Combo.; gjm, or combu; j;m, to build,
ex. combujjjb ceu.mpolt bam
Jf]n Jon<xb ub, build me a temple
in that place. This word is a
corruption of comjobujj;m, as
the primitive buildings consisted
chiefly of sods of earth; vid.
}:6b, infra.

om-bajl, or combajl, an assembly
or convention; a congregation,
or convocation ; combajl co;t-
cean n<x cle;;te, a general coun-
cil ; gen.

or combajngnj-
i, to confirm, strengthen, &c.
117

, a foster-brother: it is

pronounced c5alt<x.
Com-b<\^, an equal right.
Com-btut:<v, a compact.
Com-blucdb, contribution.
Com-bluC(X;m, to frame, to join, or

couple.

C6m-bo;c, as soon as.
Com-baanAb, confirmation.
Com-bucca;^", of the same kindred

and country.
C6m-butc<x^<xc, a countryman, one

of the same country.
C6m-bluc<x, assembled.
C6m-pcyg<x;m, to embrace.
Com-prOga/-, consanguinity, or mu-

tual proximity of blood.
C6m-pu; jleab, a conference.
Com-jcu;l, consangninih- ; com-

flannaf, idem.
Com-pu/tt<vc and com-jrufi

comfort ; com^ru^ttracb <xn

^<xb n<xo;m, the consolation of

the Holy Ghost ; also confirma-

tion.

m-pujrttu; jceo;/t, the comforter,

<xn 0);0;t<xb n<xo;m <xn com-pujn-

t) jteojfi, Spiritus Sanctus Pa-

racletus.

;m, to compose.

m-gabcv;l, i. e. 6(nb<x;n, harmony,

love.
C6m-T<x;l, of the same tribe or fa-

mily : -cf GCfyciojtj-ecxclajnn mjc

^)omn<x;lti Oo clajnn ;nj;ne

comjcijl.
Com-ja;t, consanguinity ; com- jd-

ojl, /f/ew.
Ccm-ja;;t and co

congratulation, rejoicing.

m-ga^bjuJAb and comja;/tbj-

jjm, to congratulate.
-jtxjMiD, a convocation ; bo cu;t

7"e com-jo.;;tm <x;^t <x m<x;c;fc, he

convoked their chiefs.
C6m-£<x/i, near, nigh at hand; yl;j

comjaj^, a short or direct way.
Com-jjol, condition.
, genteel.

C 0

C 0

, conversation.
ta, heaped together.

, a consonant.
Com-ju;t;m, to condole.
Conrguf, rectius comfO^Uf, con-

sanguinity, or more literally, mu-

tual proximity of blood ; vid.

compo^u^, supra.
C6ml<x, guards ; <x b;6.n-coir)l<x, his

aid-de-camps, or life-guards ;

vid. c<j.;tfiejiD.
Comla, a horn.
C6ir)-ldb<x;/tt, a conference, or col-

loquy.

Com -lab ft<x, the same.
C6m-l<xb/i<x;ro, to converse, or dis-

course together.
Cornice and comlaoc, a comrade,

or fellow-soldier ; also a guards-

man.
Coroldctu; je, a foster-brother, one

who should naturally be nursed

by the same breast-milk that

another was nursed with to his

prejudice; Lat. collactaneus.
C6ml<xb, a door ; pi. coiriUx; j ; cow-

la; j u;/~je, sluices.
Coml<x;no and comt<x;m, to rub.
Comta;^, quiet, even-tempered.
Corol<xn, a duel, a combat; jreaft

comltxn ceab, a centurion : more

properly a man who is so great

a champion as to be able to en-

counter a hundred men.
Coro-laoc, vid. comlac.
C5m-l;6fl<xb, to fulfil.
C5m-lu<xb<x/i, conversation, com-

pany ; y-e<xcn<\jb <x coir)-lu<xb<x/i,

avoid ye his company.
Con)-lufl.bf«vjm, to accompany.
Com-lu<xt, as swift, as soon as.
Com-lucb, partners, comlucb ojb^te,

fellow-labourers.
Com-lu;be, alliance, confederacy,

&c. ; bo ^nneAbA^t pbe ^af

comtujbe, they made peace and

alliance. — Vid. dnnal. Innisfall.

in the reign of Mortogh-more

O'Brien.

118

G>m-m<xojbe<xm, common joy or
boasting ; also congratulation.

C6»T)-iDcvo;b;ro, to congratulate ; also
to boast together.

', consanguinity.
cb, idem.
j<xb, contrition.

C6m-mb/iu; j and com-fyujte, con-
trite.

Com-mbu<x;b^e<nb, a tumult, uproar,
&c.

Coir)-n<x/^<x;nD, to compact or join
together.

Corn-net; je, a dwelling, or habita-
tion.

Corr)-nu;je, as; a ccomnd;je, al-
ways, continually.

Com-nu; j;m, to stand still or quiet,
to rest ; pan <xb comnu; je, stand
still ; also dwell or inhabit ; vid.
co;m-ncv;i;no ; bo jrjnneaba/t co-
mna;be, they dwelt, they pitched,
vid. comtjoou; jjm, supra.

Comnu;jteac, continuing, perma-
nent, staunch, steadfast, conti-
nual; comnu;ie<xc, the same.

Com-oglac, a fellow-servant.

C6m-o; j^ie, co-heir ; com-ojj/i; j
bo ChjijOft) f]nn tpef <xn B<x;^--
beo.b, we become the co-heirs of
Christ by baptism.

, a pot-companion.
compassion.

c, a fellow-prisoner.

Com;i<x, a coffin, an ark; cornea
buj^buj^ne, an ark of bulrushes,
as the cradle of Moses is called.

Com-/t<xc, a fight, conflict, engage-
ment; ex. com-nac e;n-p;^t, a
duel. N. 13. As the monosyllable
^IOLC in this compound word com-
;t<xc is absolutely unintelligible
and unknown in the Irish lan-
guage, it must therefore be look-
ed upon as only the maimed re-
mains of a right genuine word
that lost some of its radicals in
its junction with the preposition
com ; which has been the case of

C 0

C 0

in the word c6mnu;je, of'
te in comajftle, of -guf in
, i. e. comjroju;-, of bu;-
j;m in combtrmm, i. e. compob-
u;j;m, &c. This monosyllable
/KXC must naturally be a part of
he word b/t<xc, which is also

' written bftajc and fytojc, all
meaning the arm ; Lat. brachiwn.
which in its ancient and proper
signification comprehends the
shoulder and all the rest from
thence to the fingers inclusively.
Antiqui humeros cum brae hi is
armos vocabant, says Festus ;
and Celsus says that brachium
meant the whole from the shoul-
der inclusively to the fingers'
ends ; which is likewise meant by
the Irish word b/t<xc, bnajc, or
6fto;c: and as the Latins de-
rived their word arma, fighting
weapons, from armus, the arm,
and pi/gno pugnare, to fight,
from pugnus, the fist, because
the first way of fighting was with
the arms and fists: so in Irish
the word combmxjc, or com-
Bftojc, signified fighting or com-
bating with the arms and fists,
and is of the same import as the
Latin compugnare, we have still
the word b;to;c in common use
to signify an effort or struggle,
as, tra;m <x b/to;c le;/-, I am
making efforts at it ; and also, I
am struggling with or against
him.

C6m-/tac<vjm, to battle, to encoun-
ter ; bo comn<vjc me, I fought.

C6m-ft<ib, a dialogue, conversation,
pi. com-/-uvjb;5, or com/tctjbtjb.

Com-;tci;b;m, to talk together, to
converse ; bo ccm-fta;b ^e fte
n<x be<Xft-bftut<xj^, he conversed
with his brother.

and c5m-;ta;bt;je,
conversable, a good companion.
, wrinkled.
119

C6m-^ocb<xjm, to meet.

Com-ftojajn, election, choice.

C6n)-/to;cjm, to choose.

Com-fto;nn, a share or portion ;
tucb com/tOjnn, partakers.

C6m-rtujb;m, to concur.

C6m-;iun<vjm, to impart or commu-
nicate as a secret.

Com-ftunuj<xb, a conspiracy; It/ct
com/tu;n, conspirators.

Com-j'ajjjb, peace among you,
quiet, rest.

b, everlasting, perpetual.
, rest, quietness, &c.
, a school-fellow.
, to vomit.

b, a meeting or conflu-
ence of rivers or waters.
, a constellation.

Com-^/tut, a confluence of rivers.

C6m-^uana;b, he slept or reposed.

Com-^-u;/tJje<xc, a rival or compe-
titor, a candidate.

Com-fpajpn, a wrestling or con-
testing.

Comc<x and comtac, a companion
or comrade; jretXft comc<x Cd-
K^tac ;to b; ajam, j/'e bo bea/t-
^jnajbeac bom g<xc n;b bo pj<x-
FW&1n ^ n<x te<xl/t<x pejn, a
companion, who was a Hebrew,
answered all my questions in his
own tongue.

Comta, a fidelity.

Comtac, a comrade, or close com-
panion : derived perhaps from
com and te<xc, a house, from co-
habiting together in one house.

Comt<x;te, a compact.

Com-tanngCd, contracted.

Com -tat, a commissure, joint, or
closure.

C6m-tor<i;m, to join together.

Com-torujje, a mutual old ac-
quaintance.

C6m-t}0na.l, congregation.

Com-tonJ^jm, to agree with one,
to consent to.

Come/id;", a sweet scent.

C 0

C 0

Ccm-t/iono, just, equal ; also equity,
justice ; also ballast, or counter-
poising ; ex. ced/tt: -)f cot/iom ;
also njl fe cot/iom, &c.

C6m-t/iomd;j;m, to balance, weigh,
or poise. f

C6m-t/iim;be, compassion.

Coro-tu/~5<x, when first, as soon as.

C6mu<x, a cousin-german ; u<x is a
son, or a son's son, or daughter ;
and com-ua means two sons or
daughters in the same second de-

Com-u;bneo;/i, a pot-companion.

C6rou;b, a present.

Comroajm, a wife.

Comm<x;/tce, a riding together.

C6mnr)a;tce<ty-, a neighbourhood.

Corcroeab, free quarters; conomeab
6 pxmtrjfl £0 bejltrjne, free quar-
ters from All Saints till May.

Commo/t, the nose.

Comon, but.

Como/KXb, an assembly, congre-
gation, &c.

Como/ioib and como;i<x;m, to gather
together, to assemble ; bo coiiio-
jiab n<x fldto., the chiefs were
assembled.

Comparxxc, a companion, a comrade.

Coimpant<x/~, fellowship, ^society. _

Compaq, a compass, a ring, or cir-
cle.

CompfUi;b, a comparison.

Com/i<x; je<y, a form or fashion.

Com£W/i<xb, rest.
>' Comc<xc, a companion.

CoiDujfjjm, to mingle ; bo comu;^j
me, I mixed.

/t^a, abusively written com-
<x, genit. com-u/ipxn, a neigh-
bour; u/ipx, genit. u/-i^<xn, sig-
nifies the jamb or side-post of a
door : so that the compound
word comurya, pi. comu/t^na,
metaphorically signifies persons
living in close connexion, and
supporting each other as mu-
tually as the two jambs of one
120

and the same door ; a very natu-
ral emblem and representation of
the reciprocal duties of neigh-
bours towards each other.
Con, sense or meaning.

a carcass; Lat. cada-

ver.

Con<xc, a murrain among cattle,
which is of as pestilent a nature
amongst them as the plague is
among men.

cxc, prosperity, affluence, world-
ly blessings : written also cona-
jac, and conab, the same; t\
con&c f~)n O/tt, may you benefit
by it.

c, a shirt, a smock.

Corxxcloon, an equal, a comrade, a
mate, a fellow.

Conaclonn, a kind of versification
common among the Irish, ac-
cording to the strict rules of
which, the last word of a verse
is the first of the next, pursuing
the same order to the end, the
last word of the whole poem
being like unto the first. This
is vulgarly called paba;/t;n, or
Slab/tab.

Conab, prosperity, potius cona j.

Con<xb, a greedy appetite ; also
rage or fury ; hence mab/x<xb co-
n<x;b, a mad dog.

Conaba;/ie, therefore ; ex. £0n a;/te
f)nt for which reason, a frequent
expression in Irish.

, the proper name of many
great princes of the old Irish. I.
Conal Cea/incxc, a prince of the
Royal Ruderician race of Ulster,
was a celebrated warrior about
the time of the birth of Christ,
according to our annals ; he was
cotemporary and cousin of the
same blood with the famous
champion Cuculajnn. From this
Conat the large territory of Jb
Conajl GOuj/itemne, otherwise
called GQo.c<tj/te C;ofl<i;l, now n

c o

part of the County of Louth, had
its name. His chief descendants
are the Magenis's, ancient lords
of J5-e<xt<xc, or Iveach, a large
territory now comprehending the
two baronies of upper and lower
Iveach, and other tracts in the
County of Down ; and the
O'Mora's, or O'Mores, princes
or lords of Laighiseacha, now
called Leix, comprehending the
two large modern baronies of
Maiy-burrongh and Cuilleanagh,
with other parts, reduced into a
county, called the Queen's Coun-
ty, in Philip and Mary's reign.
Mr. O'More of Ballyna is now
the chief of this noble family.
II. Conal "golban, one of the
sons of /M;<xl-^l<xo; j;<xllac, king
of Meath, and supreme lord of
Ulster and Connaught towards
the end of the fourth century.
From this Con<xl "golban, the
country of Cjne<xl Con<x;l, or
Tirconell, now the County of
Donegal, which was the ancient
estate of the O'Donels, derives
its name ; and of which large
territory this princely family have
been sovereign lords from the
fourth century to the time of
King James I. of England. The
great general O'Donel, field mar-
shal, chief general of cavalry,
governor-general of Transylvania
and grand croix of the military
order of St. Theresa, descended
from a series of kings, princes,
or counts, who have maintained
their sovereign independancy, at
least from the second eentury,
down to the beginning of the
sixteenth, in the reign of James
I. of England, is now the chief
of this princely family. III. Co-
ral gati/tO, from whom the coun-
try of Jt-Conajl 3^fyt<* derives
its name, was the ancestor and
121

C 0

stock of the O'Conels, widely
spread throughout the Counties
of Limerick, Kerry, and Cork ;
that country, now comprehend-
ing the baronies of Upper and
Lower Conello, in the County of
Limerick, was more anciently
called C;ft-bjre<x^mo/tc, or other-
wise C;ft-<Xftmo»ic. The O'Conels,
it seems, were dispossessed of
that territory long before the
twelfth century ; for we read in
the Continuator of Tighernach's
Annals at the year 1155, that
O'Cinealy and O'Cuileain were
then the two kings of Jb Contvjl
3<xB/t<x, and that they killed each
other in a duel or rencounter on
a day of battle.

Con<x;l, cnom concxjl, a plague in
Ireland, an. 540; bujbe condjl,
another plague which raged in
Ireland, an. 1664.

Con<x;tHe, love, friendship.

Con<x;l6eo.c, upholding, assisting.

Corxxj/t, a way, a road; and gen.
con<vj;te.

Con<vj/tbe, as, or alike.

Cono/^t, cormjpt boco;n cllca, a
rout of wolves.

<vc, busily employed,
love, friendship ; hence
conajlbe.

Conaf, a carcass, a dead body.

Conb&j j;m, to stop, stay, or with-
hold.

Conb<x;/"cne, the dogberry-tree.

ConBujbean, a guard.

Concljub, a conclusion, \

ConcuB<Xft, or concumcift, (from con,
a contracted writing of cu-oun,
rid. oa and ou;n, i. e. a river-
hound, or an otter, and cumdn, a
lover of hounds or dogs, has
been the name of several great
personages of the old Irish : the
r'amily name O'Connor, whereof
there are different septs de-
scended from different stocks,
Q

c o

such as the great O'Connors of
Connaught, who were the last
kings of that province; O'Con-
nor of Kerry, and O'Connor of
Corcumroe, both descended from
Fergus, son of ftop^x ftucxb, of
the Ruderician race, hereditary
kings of Ulster ; and O'Connor
Cianachta, a descendant of C;<xn,
son of Oljotolujtn, who was su-
preme king of Le<xt-inoj, i. e.
of Munster and Leinster in the
third century. These different
O'Connors, I say, were so called
from one of their respective an-
cestors named Concuba/i; and
yet the descendants of other
great princes of the same name
were not called by that of
O'Connor, such as Concub<x/t
(Dae fv]e<xpx, king of Ulster,
said to be a cotemporary of our
Saviour, and Concuba/t 0'0^i;en,
surnamed |M<X Cu.t<Xfi<xc, the
fourth descendant of the great
Brien-Boirbhe, which Concub<x/t
died king of Munster and su-
preme king of Leinster, accord-
ing to the Continuator of the
Annals of Tighernach, an. 1 142,
wherein he is marked down as
the eldest son of Dermod O'Bri-
en, whom he had succeeded in
the throne of Munster, an. 1120,
as his younger brother, Turlogh,
second son of Dermod, and an-
cestor of the O'Briens of Tho-
mond, did likewise succeed this
Concubo.;i in the same throne,
an. 1142. The Genealogical
Records of the Mac Brodines,
hereditary antiquaries of the
house of Thomond, and likewise
those of the Mulconneries, not
less famous genealogists, after
setting down Concub<x/i fM<x C<x-
ta^ac as the eldest son of Der-
mod, mention the O'Briens of
Clangibbon, whose chiefs resided

atBalyshyhan,now in the County
of Tipperary, and the O'Briens
of Coismagh, in the County of
Limerick, as his direct descen-
dants, and consequently the direct
descendants of Brien-Boirbhe ;
I mean of all those of his pos-
terity that bear the name of
O'Brien, for it is well known,
and is candidly acknowledged
by the now-mentioned genealo-
gists, that the Mac Mahons of
Thomond and the Mac Donals
of Darach, in the same country,
are the true direct heirs of Brien-
Boirbhe, they being the descen-
dants of Mortogh Mor O'Brien,
king of all Ireland, and eldest
brother of Dermod O'Brien
above-mentioned ; and accord-
ingly the Mac Mahons have pre-
served, as their arms, the three
lions simply, which were the
royal ensign of Brien-Boirbhe
in all his battles; in the same
manner that they are preserved
as arms by the O'Briens of the
direct line of Concub<x/i f»l<x C<x-
ta/t<xc. This King Concub<x/t
had his surname f»l<x C<xt<x/tac
from the great number of castles
and churches which he built in
Munster, besides two sumptuous
monasteries he built and founded
at Ratisbonne for Irish Bene-
dictines, now possessed by the
Scots. — Fid. Cambrensis Evers*
pag. 163, 164. And yet neither
of the two families, the O'Briens
or the Mac Mahons, are the di-
rect chiefs of the Royal Dalcas-
sian race : the Mac Eneirys of
Castletown Mac Eneiry, in the
County of Limerick, who are
dispossessed of their large estate
since King James the Second's
time, are before them both in
the order of lineal descent, being
descended from the eldest son

C 0

C 0

of Mahon, king of Munster in
the tenth century, and elder bro-
ther of Brien-Boirbhe, who suc-
ceeded him in that throne, and
afterwards became monarch of
all Ireland. Such has been at
all times the instability of human
grandeur and pre-eminence.
Conba, until ; Lat. donee ; contxx
ta;n;c <xn tap/-bal, donee venit
apostolus.

Conba; jj^, a countess.
Conba^acb, rage or fury.
Conb^iecxjab, a separation.
Conbuata, embroidery, sculpture.

n<x jroj/te, the roaring of
the sea.
onidbac, a vulture.

, the antlers or branches of
a buck's or stag's horns.
o/iga, an abbey of canons regular
in the County of Mayo.
Cong<x, cotemporary.

, an assistant.
.c, a kinsman ; rectius

aj jjm, to keep, to hold ; also

to attend.
ConjKvj jcea^, abstinence, tempe-

rance.
Conjbcul, a habitation, a house, a

village.

Congbdla;'. a stay, or support.
Conjbt/j^jjm a la;m, I restrain

him.

, conquest.

, to roar, to make a

great noise.

Con jcil, gallantry, bravery.
Congmajl, to hold ; congmcijb <x

taroa <xn cojgeul, her hands hold

the distaff; bo c'ongbujb ;-e, he

retained.
Conjnajm, to help, assist, or suc-

cour.

Conjnoun, aid. assistance.
Conjnd, a narrative, a relation.
Con^nCxjbe, a relater or rehearser.
Con£jt<v;m, cunning, craft, inge-
123

nuity.

Conj^<x;m, apparel, clothing.

Conki, or con/>la, with', sensible,
prudent; also chaste.

Conlac, straw, stubble, hay.

Conlan, healthy.

Conldn, an assembly.

Conmo.;cne, the old name of seve-
ral districts in Connaught, so
called, as our antiquaries assure
us, from Conmac, one of the
three sons whom CTXv;bm C?tu<xc-
na, the wife of O;ljolt, king of
Connaught, bore, as we are as-
sured, in one birth, for Fergus,
an exiled king of Ulster, before
the Christian sera. Tims Con-
ma;cne, of Moyrein, divided into
two parts, the one otherwise call-
ed -cfnjsx;te, or tfntvjle, as also
OQujnteft CDcxolmo;taba, in the
County of Longford, the estate
of the O'Farells, and the other
called 00u;ntj/t Colu;^, in the Co.
Leitrim, the ancient proper
the Mac Ranells. In this partition
I follow O'Dubhagain's Topo-
graphical Poem, with \\hichMr.
Harris, Editor of Sir James
Vs'ure's works, agrees, in vol. '2.
pag. 48 ; though the learned
Mr. Flaherty (Ogycr. prig. ^75.)
.:is the part called CDu;nt;^i
Golajf in the County of Leitrim,
to the O'Farells, and that in the
County of Longford to the Mac
Ranells. Conmacne of £)unmo;t,
now the barony of Dunamore, in
the County of Galway. was the
ancient estate of O'SJoblojn, ac-
cording to O'Dubhagain. Con-
m<vcne Cujle Cola, now the ba-
rony of Kilmaine, in the County
of Mayo, was the lordship of
0'C<xlccuu\;n ; and Conroacne
G0a/t<x, in the County of Galway,
was the country of 0'C<xbU\,
Eng. OF Kelly, lliis Comn<xcne
is now the barony of Ballyim-

c o

c o

Iiinsy.

Conm<xot, the proper name of some
famous personages of the old
Irish, particularly of the son of
the great champion Cucuto/jnn,
and of whose tragical fate of
being killed by his father in a
duel, neither of the two being
personally known to the other,
the reader may see a very
moving account in a dissertation
published in the Journal des
Savans of the year 1764, under
the title of Memoire de M. de C.
au Sujet des Poems de M. Mac
Pkerson ; it is distributed in se-
ven pieces, between the months
of May, June, (which contains
two pieces in two different vo-
lumes,) August, September, and
December, vol. 2, wherein is re-
counted the tragical story of
Conmaol.

Conn, a meaning, sense, reason.

Connacb, and gen. connacba, the
province of Connaught ; <x ccon-
n<xcb<x;b, in Connaught.

Connacbac, a Conacian.

Connab, wood.

ConnujU. Jocta/tac, the lower ba-
rony of Connalla, in the County
of Limerick, the ancient estate
of the O'Cinealys, the O'Collins,
and the O'Sheehans ; but more
anciently of the O'Conels.

Conn<x;tl Uactafiac, the upper ba-
rony of Conalla, in the County
of Limerick, the patrimony of
the Mac Ennerys.

Conna;l, vid. conjmct/l, to hold.

Conn<x;l, prudent ; vid. conlcx, id.

Connajl) a civil or polite farewell.

Co/ma;;tcjm, to see or behold ; bo
conndj/ic ye, he saw; bo con-
n<x/ic<ty- mullujje n<x ^"le;bte,
the tops of the mountains were
seen.

Conna;/tcte, i. e. bog, indulgent ;
conn<x;/tcle pt; pxnn, i. e. bog
124

j\e bujne jrann, to be indulgent
to an infirm or weak man.

Connate, i. e. teac cujnn, or tea-
mo; 71 bpteaj, the royal seat of
Conn of the hundred battles at
UecxmO;i. N. B. Ce<x-mo/i, or
Ceacnoo/t, literally means a great
house, or sumptuous building.

Connao;, a preserving,' protecting,
or building.

Conna/tca, earnest.

Connco.^, bo conncaf bu;tr, it
pleased you, i. e. visum est tibi.

Conn^po;b, controversy, debate ;
bo bcuba/t 0.5 conn^po;b pjf,
they were contesting with him.

Connf po;b; je, a disputant, an ar-
gumentator.

Conn;~po;b; jeact, disputing, con-
troverting.

Conntajfi^me, a prince's court.

Connto;/ib/i;m, to allege, or main-
tain.

Conojbjro, to heed or regard.

Con/ta, an agreement or compact.

Con/i<x, a bier.

Con/tabo;^t and con/io;/i, a bearer,
one that carries a corpse.

, a consonant. ,;'
, a consul.

or ^-;ot;-coma;be,
constables.

Con^tat, counsel, advice.

Co/itrabo.;/tc, chance, peradventure,
peril, danger; gan contab<x;/tt,
doubtless, truly -

Conntdb<x;;ite<ic, doubtful, du-
bious, dangerous, hazardous.
c, idem.
, to affirm, to allege.

Contra/t, a doubt.

Contaf, an account, a reckoning,

Cont/ta;tl, opposition, adversity.

Conc/ia/iba, contrary.

Cont/ia/tb<xct, contrariety, variety.

, lean, poor,
copper. X

and conop;ta;b, a comj)a-
rson.

C 0

C 0

Copoj, and copo^<x, copojg, in the

genit. dockleat ; Lat. lapathum.
Copoj, any large leaf of an herb or

vegetable.
Coj\ and cu/t, sent ; ta/t ejf <v co/x

<X;t <x baif, after she had been

sent back.
C0f\, a state, condition, or circum-

stance.
Co/t, <x/t cOft, so that, to the end

that; co/t 50 mujnjrjbe, that ye

may teach ; <xn co/t <xn bye, <x/t
co/t, at all, in the least ; <x/t
c ean co/t, by all means.
oft, music.
Co/t, a twist or turn.
Co/t, a throw or cast ; also a rouud

or circular motion.
Co/t, surety.
Co/t, odd, i. e. co/t;t<x ; ex. ojnean

no co/t/td., even or odd.
C6/t<x, rather, the comparative of

co;/t ; b<x co/t<x bujt, it was fitter

for you ; co/t<x, a weir, or dam.
Co/t<x, a choir : hence the Scottish

word coronach, signifying the

Irish cry ; Lat. chorus.
Co/t<x, Ceann Cbo;i<x, in the County

of Clare, near Killaloe, where

the famous Brien-Boirbhe had

his court.

CO'KXgab., neatness, trimness.
Cc/Kijb, a pair, a couple; co/t<vjb

bo, two cows.
CofKXjb, cheese-runnet.
C6;ici;b, a champion, a hero ; vid.

, a recognzance.
, although.
, a curtain.

, a territory anciently com-
prehending Xalen^a, (now the
barony of Galen, in the County
of Mayo,) Lujn;<x, or Lu; jne,
now the barony of Leny, in the
County of Sligo ; and Conowna,
the barony of Corran, in the
same county.
, to turn.

125

, a coach, a waggon,
a, or cu/tbo., lewdness, incest:
hence cu/iba cujl, perhaps more
properly than the usual expres-
sion cjo/tbo. cujl, to signify in-
cest.

, or cu/tb<x, lascivious, lewd,
incestuous. In the Sclavonian
language curba is a whore or
prostitute ; and kurva the same
in the Hungarian.

b, a cast, throw, or fling.
, the cramp.

, a cartwright, or coach-
maker.

C0fibo;;te, a coachman; Lat. rhe-
darim.

Cope, a great round pot or chal-
dron; hence co^can, a small
pot ; and cOficog, a bee-hive.

COftc, children.

Co/tco.c, a moor, or marsh; any
sort of low and swampy ground ;
hence

Co/tea, the old Irish name of
Cork, a large city built on a low
marshy island, formed by the
branches of the river Lee, a fa-
mous sea-port, and the greatest
mart of trade, for import, of all
Ireland. The County of Cork
is the largest in the kingdom,
comprehending nineteen largo
baronies and three bishopricks,
Cloyne, Cork, and Ross.

Co/tco.-5<x;^Tjn, a barony of the
County ot Clare, which anciently
belonged to the O'Baiscins and
O'Donals.

Co/tc<x-eacl<xn, a territory in the
most northern part of the County
of Roscommon, anciently be-
longing to the O'Hanlys and the
O'Brenans.

Cofic<x-e<xt/t<xc, a territory about
Cashel, comprehending the tracts
now called Onac and Cojtl no.
00<xn<xc.

, a barony in the west

C 0

c o

of the County of Kerry, the an-
cient estate of the O'Failvies
and the O'Sheas, as was also the
barony of <lojt> ftatrac in said
county.

C0fic<ntu;be, now called Cotlujbe,
a territory of Carbury in the
County of Cork, of which enough
has been said at the words
and cobtdc.

a barony of the
County of Clare, formerly the
estate of O'Conno/t Co/ico.m/tu<xb
of the Ruderician race. — Vid.
the notes on the names Concubcx/i
and Con<xl.

/ Coftcu/t, red, purple ; co/ic/t<x, id.
hence the epithets g/tuabgte?-
geat com-co/tc/a<x spoken of one
that has a charming white and
red in his complexion ; Gr. ?rop-
0upa, Lat. purpura. Thus the
lerno- Celtic often changes the
p of the Greeks and Latin into
c; as cof for TTOUC and pes,
cajfc for pasca, Sec. Sec.

Cojic&n, a pot.

Co/ica/ib, now the County of Long-
ford, anciently the patrimony of
the Mulfinnys, the Mac Corga-
vanes, the O'Dalys, the O'Sla-
manes, and the O'Skollys.

Coficor, and genit. co/tcojge, a
bee-hive.

Co/icrta;be, a tract of the County
of Meath, the ancient inheritance
oftheO'Higys.

Co/ib<x, a cord or line ; Gr. ^opSr/,
and Lat. chorda.

, hath been the proper name
of several great princes of the
old Irish nation.

, surnamcd 0'Cu;leanci;n,
a prince of the Eugenian race,
descended from Oltjol-Olum,
king of Munster, and supreme
king of Leinster in the beginning
of the third century, was pro-
claimed king of Cashcl an. 902,
126

according to the Annals of Inis-
fallen, and at the same time ex-
ercised the functions of arch-
bishop of that see. In the year

906 he was suddenly attacked
by plann flOac G0aol^e<xclu;n,
king of Meath, and supreme
king of Ulster and Connaught,
and by Cea/iub<xl Gptxc G0u;/ie-
£&;n, king of Leinster, who
jointly plundered his country
from Cashel to Limerick. In

907 Co/imac, at the head of the
forces of Munster, returned their
visit, met and defeated plann
and all his forces collected from
the northern provinces, on the
plains of Moylena in Meath ;
marched from thence to Ulster
and Connaught, and returned
home victorious, bringing hos-
tages from the different powers
he had attacked. But in the
year 908 pl<xnn, assisted by the
kings of Connaught and Leinster
with all their forces, attacked
Co/imoic and the Momonians on
the plain of Moyailbhe, where
he was defeated and killed.

o/tmac, surnamed Cajf, i. e. be-
loved, son of the above Oll;ot-
Oluno, was supreme king of
Munster and Leinster in the
third century ; he is the stock of
the Dalcassian race, from whom
descended the O'Briens, the Mac
Mahons of Thomond, the Mac-
namaras, the O'Kenedys, and se-
veral other noble families,
o/iroac, surnamed O'Cujnn, Son
of Art, was king of Meath, and
supreme king of the two northern
provinces, after the middle of
the third century. He was de-
posed by pe/tju^, king of Ul-
ster, notwithstanding the efforts
made in his favour by Q<xn and
Coca C<xoI3j:cvba, two sons of
Oll;ol-0luno, who fought tvro

c o

C 0

battles against pe/tguf, in the
second of which they both lost
their lives; but pe/tju;- in his
turn was defeated and slain at
the battle of Criona by the hands
of the renowned champion LUJJ-
L&j<x, brother of Oltjot-Olum,
and his army all defeated and
routed by the forces of Ccxjbj,
son of the now-mentioned Qan,
by whose prudence and valour,
as well as by the extraordinary
feats of arms of i-ujj Laja, that
bloody battle was gained in fa-
favour of Coftmoic, who there-
upon recovered his crown. The
above Cj<xn is the ancestor and
stock of the princely families of
the O'Haras, of whom Charles
O'Hara, of Nymph's Field, in
the County of Sligo, is now the
direct chief of the O'Garas, of
the O'Connors of Qtxrxxcta, of
the O'Carols, of the O'Meac-
hairs, &c.
opncttiHj a cupboard.

, a horn ; Lat. cornu.
tn, a drinking-cup, because an-
ciently drinking-cups were of
horn : hence the cornucopia of
the Latins ; Wai. corn ; hence

. the name of Cornwall, from
corn-dill, which signifies a horny
cliflfj as it jets out into the sea
with horny precipices. — Vid.

. Cambden in Cornwall.

Conn<xb, a folding or rolling.

Co/tnajm, to fold or plait.

Co/tnta, folded or wrapped up.

COfiog, a faggot, a bavin.

Conojn, a crown; Gr. Kopuvi), and
Lat. corona; co^o;n fpjne, co-

t rona spinarum.

Co/t6;n-n)irj;te, the rosary, a set of
beads.

Copip, the body, a corpse; Lat.
corpus.

Co/tplen, a winding-sheet, i. e.

. lejne cojrtp ; Lat. Iccna corporis
127

rel cadaveris. Note. — Strabo
observes that Icena or lena is a
Gallic or Celtic word. The Irish
have no other word to express a
shirt or inside garment but ten
or tejne.

/tpOfiba, corporeal, of or belong-
ing to the body.
o^t, a snout, a bill.

, a comer ; o co;t;tu;B n<x tcil-
, from the ends of the earth ;
<xn c6^t<x;B no. b<xlc6;\<x, upon
the horns of the altar.
Cojt;t, any bird of the crane kind ;

a crane ; C0;i^i- /t;<J.n, a bittern.
Cortfi, odd ; u;rii;j/t co^t/t<x, tlie odd

number.

Coj\ji, a pit of water.
Co/-iux-m<*rtgu;b, the rabble.
c, a fetter, a shackle.

wavering or inconstant.
Cori;t<xc, a marshy or fenny piece
of ground.

a town and territon" in
the County of Clare, the ancient
estate of the O'Heffernans and
the O'Quins.

gesture, stirring about.
, to move or stir; also to
endeavour.

, a sickle ;
a pruning-hook.

c, hooked, having hooks.
i, crooked or hooked.
to carve or engrave.
, be<xjt<x 50
lest he persuade, or move.

ica, wean", fatigued.
Coj\j\u j<xb, a motion, also to move ;
nj co/t;t6cd tu, thou shalt not
stir ; ma/t co/t/tuj jea^ <xn cjol<X;t
fu4f <x ne<xb, as the eagle stirs
up her nest ; bo co^jxuj j <xn
t<xl(xm, the earth shook.
Co^tu; je, idem.

Co/tftujjetxc and co»t^u;jte<xc^
stirring, active, moving.

injury ; also anger.

C 0

, debt.
Co/ita, of or belonging to sowing ;

ppl-co/-ita, sowing seed.
Co/it u; pi, the border or fringe of a

garment.
Cobban, coral.

Copu jab, subst, an ornament ; aj
co;iu jab, mending or dressing ;
too co/iujab, to dress out or
adorn ; co/tur-cata, the dress or
armour of a fighting man.
Cof, the foot, the leg, is like the
Gr. Trove and the Lat. pes ; the
letters c and p being often corn-
mutable with respect to the
Greek and Irish.
Cof, consideration.
C0f<xjb;m, to teach, to instruct.
Co^a;nt, a reply, defence, &c.
Cofajp, a feast, a banquet, or re-
past.

Cof4)j\, a bed.

Ccy-ama;l, alike ; corruptly written
, Lat. consimilis.

, similitude, a parable,
a comparison.

a path.

Co;-ana;m, to keep off, out, or
away, to defend, to preserve, to
vouch a thing, to maintain and
stand to it.

, kept off, defended, main-
tained.
Copxnta, perplexed, entangled.

and co^anro;/i, the de-
fendant in a process.

, fetters.
C0fl>6)j\, an object.

, a ceasing, failing, or giving
over.

, or ccifg, an impediment or
hinderance.

Co^ce;m, a step, or pace; from
cdf, the foot, and cejm, a de-
gree.

cost, expense.
, rich, costly, expensive,
a stopping or suppress-
ng.

128

C 0

1, a slaughter, a havoc.

a triumph, a great re-
ocng; gn;om fa ftfyb cp^5<X)/t,
Lat. J acinus magni triumphi;
and cogga/i jleac<xc, victorious
in fight.

and co^jj^xc, victo-
rious, triumphant.
o^£jt<xc, slaughter, massacre ; also
of or belonging to the same ;
lam co^<x/«xc, a slaughtering
hand.

, barefoot.
-lu^t, swift-footed.
Coprwjl, like, as. y
Co^mujledcb, imitation, likeness,

or similitude.
Co^-n<xb, defence, preservation.

to defend or maintain ;
noc bo co^-nab<x/i, which they
held; also to cost; bo copxjn
bam op., it cost me gold.

m, a defence, or protection ;
<i£ co^-/7<xm <x c;/tt, defending
his riht.

swimming.
m, war, battle,
c, slaughter, massacre, &c.
c, sumptuous, costly,

wild chervile; Latin,
chcerefolium.
Cot, a part, a share, a portion, or

division ; a quota.
Cota, a coat, an outside garment ;

cota ban, a groat.
Cota;g, a good correspondence or
harmony; 50 mbejt aonta agity-
cotajj jtojjt a. rclannajb 50
b;tat, insomuch that union and
harmony will always subsist
among their children.
Cota; j;m, to be afraid.
Cotcajb and cotcanu;b, in parts

or pieces ; md. cu;b and cot.
Cot, meat, victuals; hence cotu-

Cotab, a support, a preserving, a

protection.
Cota; jjm and cotu j<Xb, to feed, to

c n

C 17

support, maintain, &c. ; <i£ co-

tujcib <x f-e;lbe, maintaining liis

possession.
Cotan, a cough.
Cot-Ion, riatlcum, or provision of

victuals for a journey.
Cotujab, (vld. cotajjjm,) a stay,

or support ; a rampart ; also food

or sustenance.
Cottub, a mountain.
Cncvb<xb, religion; <xn c^abab Ca-

co;l;ce, the Catholic religion ;

also more properly devotion ;

hence b;te<X£-Cfuxbab, false de-

votion or hypocrisy.
Cftab, pain, anguish, torture, vexa-

tion.
C/tabdjm, to torment, to vex ; bo

cnab<ib<x/t, they vexed ; c^eb

jrCut c/iajb tu, why hast thou

afflicted .' Gr. KOOUO>, to strike.
C/tajbbjaj, mortification.
Cnajbbjj, a religious order of peo-

ple, any persons that mortify the

passions.

C/tajbtreac, devout, pious.
Cft&jtieedcb, devotion.
C/tajbte, tormented, vexed, afflict-

ed.
CrtCvjbteacb, misery, by famine,

hunger, &c.
CfKVjj, a rocky or craggy place ;

Wei. kraicr, a rock or stone.
C;t<xjm6/i, gross, corpulent.
C;uxjmp-;ay"£, the torpedo or

crampfish.
C/uxjn, a sow, the female of a

beast.

CftdjnjiD and c^e;njm, to gnaw.
Ot<x;ntjrejle, tough phlegm.
Gt<v;tc, shrunk.
C?tamp<x, a knot.

, a choosing by lots.
jlac, a carpenter.

, a decrepid old man.

C|t<X/7C<X;t, a lot.
Ci\<\ncafc, the bark of a tree.
, lottery.

, sorcery.

129

C/tann, a tree ; c/icinn

an aspen-tree; c/ioinn ola, an
olive-tree ; c/i^nn-treanntra, a
press.

C;tann bo/tba;n, a kind of music
made by putting the hand to the
mouth.

Cpann ja;l, lattices before the al-
tar, for separating the laity from
the clergy.

C/iannba, decrepid; jrea/i c/tann-
b<i, a decrepid, stooping man.

Cn<xnnl<xc, boughs or branches of
a tree; also stalks of roots or
plants; corrupte clan lac.

<xo;t, a carpenter.
oinn-ta/t/tajnj, a drawing by
lots.

tann-cu^i, a casting lots ; bo /t;n-
ne<xb<x»t c^tanncu/t a;;t, they cast
! lots for it.

C/tann Tdj:j:<xn, the herb henbane ;
Lat. hyoscyamus.

C;taob, a bush, a bough, or branch ;
Cfiaob co;mneo^o. /^eul, a pedi-
gree ; also the sway or chief ho-
nour of an action ; rect. c/taom :
quod vide ojam-c^aob, the an-
cient occult manner of writing of
the Irish Druids or Celts.

C/taobajm, to sprout, or shoot
forth.

C;taobao;n, orc^ao;b;n cno,a clus-
ter or bunch of nuts.

C/taob J7uab, in the Count)' of Ar-
magh, remarkable for the resi-
dence of the famous Ruderician
champions Cuftctjbe n<x C^<xo;be

C;taob 7"5<xo;t;m, to disperse, to
propagate, to delineate, to ex-
plain, enlarge upon ; also to set
down a genealogical table of li-
neal descent ; c^t<xob^<xo;le <xn
tfOfifgejl, the preaching of the
gospel.

C/taojbjn, a bush; diminutive of

Cjtajbte, shod; pot i its qtujbte ;
R

c r?

vid. c/tub.

Cp&ojjrjr), a glutton.
... C/tuono, a branch ; Lat. ramus ;

either the Latins threw off the c,

or the Celts prefixed it.
C/tcno^, excess, gluttony, revelling ;

Gr. aicepao-ta, intemperantia.
C/tUjopic, a glutton, a debauchee,

imtemperant.

xn and Cpiaoj-cinac, idem.

a gargarsm.
, gargling, or gar-

garsng.

Cftcuty-o;/te, a riotous spendthrift.
C/t<io^-6l, drunkenness, or excessive

drinking.
C/«xp<xb, a contraction ; also to

shrink, to contract ; also to crush.
C/ioipluj jjm, to fetter, to bind.
C;t<xpt<x, wrapped, contracted.
Cft<ipu;7~£u;l, the twilight ; Lat.

crepusculum.
Cpaf, the body ; diminut. cp«ty-&n

and c;i<x;pn.
C/toi^gab, a box, or small coffer ;

vid. c;tufT<xb.
C/«xc<Xb, shaking.
C/i<xc<3Lm, to shake; also to sprinkle.
Cjt<xt;i<xc, aplashy bog, scarce pas-

sable.
Cfluf£&, a pitcher, earthen pot,

&c. ; c/iuj-ja. beo;i<xc, a pitcher

of beer.

Cfte, the Creed.
Cj\e, dust, earth, clay; c/te na

caliixxn, the clay or dust of the

earth.

, the keel of a ship.
B mu;ce p;ab, hart's-tongue ;

adiantum nigrum.

t, a vestry.
c, a prey, booty, spoil ; gen.

c and c^ie;ce.
C/teac, an army, host, &c. ; potius

C^teac, a wave, a billow.
C/ieac, blind.

C/teac, woe, ruin ; mo c/ieoic, my
ruin.

130

b, a preying or plundering,
a runing.

C/ie<xc<xb5);i, a robber, a plunderer,
cpieoic tojfl, idem.

C^eoicb, a wound, a sore, a stripe ;
cjie<xcb<x mjc t)e, the wounds of
the Son of God.

Cfie<xcb(X)/ibe<xc, full of scars.

C/ie<xcblo^j<xc, full of scars or
sores on the legs.

Cpie<xcft<x;m, to mark or stigmatize,
to burn with a searing iron.

C/ie<xb, orc/ieb, i. e. ccx-pteb, from.-"
c<\, i. e. what, and jieb, i. e.
thing, Lat. res, what, why, where-
fore, for what reason ; like the
Latin quare, and more literally
like the Latin qua re de, or de
qua re; Ir. c<x /ieb ; in the Wei.
it is pa rdd, which is of the
same root, p and c being corn-
mutable with each other; vid.
supra.
i, clerkship, clergy.

wounded.
, religious, worshipping.

C/ie<xbla, clergy.

C;ie<XbiT)<X)l, faith.

C;ie<xb/iab5 a chariot.

C/teajrog, powder, dust, earth.

C;ieaj<x6, rocky ; also a cliff or **
crag, <x;t cj\eo^<\c n<x bajlle,
upon the crag of the rock ;
c;te<xgiria;i, rocky.

C;ie<v jna;^;m, to tremble.

Cjte(XTm<x/i, craggy, rocky, full of
rocks or clifts.

C/ietxjbteac, sacred, devout.

C/ie<xiT)-r>u<xjt, the noise of people ,:
carousing.

C;te<\n, a buying, or purchasing.

C/ie<xn-ajt, a market-place.

C;te<xndiD, to consume.

Cfie<xoc<xm, to wound or hurt.

C/teapab, contraction.

C^e<xp<xl, entangling; vid.
plujjjm.

C/te<xpl<x;no, to stop or s1;iy
hinder.

c r?

c 17

lllff.

ng.

&, a bending or crooken-
l, a retaining or witlmold-

-, or cpjOf, a. girdle; rid.
; Wei. guregis, and Cor.

griis.

, to set or lay.
, narrow, strait ;

caf, a narrow house;

rnujp, an ami of the sea.
Qtecy, a shrine.
C/tea^am, to tire, to fatigue.
CpeAfu j<xb, a girding.
C^e<xc, the form or figure of a per-

son's complexion, or state of

body.
Cfte<xtr, a science; also knowledge,

judgment.
Qteata, earthen.
Qteatac, an hurdle of rods wat-

tled together.
C/teta/t, faithful, religious, holy,

consecrated.
C^teaca^, a sanctuary, or shrine ;

Wei. krair, a relic.
Cfte<xtaj;t, Creator.
C/teaca/ta;c, a sanctuary.

a swan.

, a trembling.
Cfteata;no, to make one tremble,

to tremble.

C/te<xtdn, a shaking, or quivering.
C/ieacnci;j;m, idem quod c/teat-

nujcvb.

Qteatnugab, to make one tremble.
Cfieat/tac, a wilderness.
Cfteatu/t, a creature.
C/tecbac, sinful.
Cfteb, wherefore ; c^ieb le, where-

with ; rid. c^teab.
C^eb, the ore of any metal; ex.

Cfteb-uma, the ore of brass.
Cfteb-uma, the ore of brass.
C/ie;be<xm, or Cftejbjom, faith, be-

lief; <\.nn-fO Cbjrtejbjoii) Catoj-

l;ce ctfytalba, in the Catholic

and Apostolic faith.
• C •tejbjm, to believe, give credit to ;
131

Lat. credo.

Cftejbjmeac, or c/iejbme<xc, faith-
ful, believing; plur. c/te;bm;j;
and c^e;bme<xc<xjb.
C^e;bce, believed.
C^iejbceo;^, a creditor.
C/ie;bm, a disease.
C/te;bnneac, full of sores.
C/te;bm;m and c/te;n;m, to gnaw
or chew; c^e;bm;b cnam, pick-
ing of bones.
C/tejjjoc and c^eajac, rocky, full

of rocks: Wei. kreiqiog.
C^ie;n;m, to gnaw, to chew.
C/te;f;ne<xm, a scar.

t;^t, a cup, madder, or pitcher.
c;^i;n, a little sieve.
rxx; jte, terrified.

, a rail, or sieve.
C/te6pa;m, to seduce.
-dn, a girdle.
e<xn, religious, pious.

an, old earth, or clay.
C/teubjra, rid. c^te<xb, why, where-
fore.

, the heart ; rectius c^o;b; Lat.
cor, cordis; vid. c^tO;b.

c, pro C;t;te<xc, trembling ;
i;ac, or c^;ceac, the
aspen-tree.

Qtjab, earth, clay ; c;t;<xb loj^ce,
a potsherd ; ^0;teoc C;t;ab,
earthen vessels.

C;t;ab<v, earthen, made of clay.
C/t;<xb-luc, a mole. — PL
C/vjabuj/te, a husbandman, a tiller.
C/i;apac, rough.
C;i;ata/t, a sieve ; c/i;ata^ mecxlcx,

a honeycomb ; Lat. cribrum.
C^j<xt^<xc, a wilderness.
C;t;<xt;t<xb, a sifting; Lat. cribro
-are.

, swiftness, haste, speed ;
c/t;b, speedily ; vid. in voce ce;/t-
njne supra.
Cj\]c, a land or country ; vid.

b, a buying, or purchasing.
, a box, or small coffer.

c r?

c r?

C";i;mte/tt, second milking.

Cjijne and c/t;ne<xcb, rottenness or
withering.

C/tjnecUT), doc n<x c/tjneamna, cor-
ruptly for cloc na c;nneamn<x,
the stone of fatality, or fatal
stone, or the coronation stone of
the Scottish kings ; it is com-
monly called the Ija pxjl. This
famous coronation stone of the
Irish Scots is now preserved as
a great curiosity and monument
of antiquity in Westminster Ab-
bey.

Qvjneam, to fall.

Cfljnljn,, a writing-desk.

Cjijnmjol, a wood-louse, a wall-
louse.

Cpjnjm, to bite.

C/vjrteac, fretting.

C/t;ob, a jest, a trifle.

C/t;oc, preferment ; bo cua;b ye <\
ccfijc, he was prefered.

c, an end or conclusion, a pe-
riod ; tjgeab cum Cfijce, let it
come to pass.

c, a region, territory, or king-
dom ; for example,

C/tJoc Cu;/ic, an ancient name of
the baronies of Burren and Cor-
oamruadh in the County of
Clare, where Core of the Rude-
rician race had been king before
the birth of Christ, as we are as-
sured by our genealogists.

C;t;oc 6 pe;bl;me, a territory in
the County ef Wexford, the es-
tate of the O'Murphys.

C/t;oc Cucxlan, a territory in the
County of Wicklow, anciently
the property of the sept of the
O'Kellys of the Lagenian race.

C;t;oc plajnn, an ancient name of
the province of South Minister,
so called from ptann C<xt/i<xc,
an ancient king of the same.

C/iJoc n<x Ccecvbac, a territory in
Meath, the ancient property of
0'p<\U<\m<\;^ Eng. O'l'allon.

C;t;0c Cnobdb, also in Meath, lltr
ancient lordship of O'CDubajn.

C/t;oc o GDa^Dj, a district in the
Queen's County, the estate of the
O'Coelujf, i. e. the O'Keylys.

6 CDbdjftce, a teritory be-
tween the King's County and
that of Kildare, the ancient es-
tate of the Mac Gormans.

C/t;oc 6 G0u;je, a district in the
Queen's County, the estate of
the O'Coelajf."

C/t;oc-c<x;jftb;ie, _ otherwise called
SJot OQu;/ije<xb, a territory about
Sligo, comprehending a good
share of the barony of Carbury,
the estate of the O'Conor Sligo.

C/t;oc<x ftoj^tedc, the barony of
Roch's Country, or Fermoy, so
called in late ages; its former
name being 00<x jj:e;ne.
I C/tJocnctjjjm, to end, to finish, or
accomplish ; bo c/t;ocmvjb ye,
he finished.

C;t;ocncx; jce, finished, concluded.

C/t;oba/t, a leech ; sanguisuga ;
also a woodcock ; potius c/iecx-
ba/t.

£/t;ol, a chest or coffer, x

Qi;oiT)t:<xn, a fox.

C/i;Omt<xn, the name of several
kings in Ireland.

C/i;on<x, old, ancient; also prudent,
sage; Gr. »cptvw, judico, seems
to bear an affinity to this word ;
c/vjon l<xoc, corruptly said c/icxnn-
IdOC, an ancient or old man.

Qtjon, withered, dry, rotten ; con-
nab C;tjon, rotten wood.

C/i;o/7<vjm, to wither, or fade, to de-
cay, also to be extinct; ex. /io
cjijGnfdb ujte <xct bcvjn-yt;ocb,
ce;n mota (DomnaU, they all be-
came extinct (or dwindled away
into obscurity) all to female po*
terity, excepting Donald, (who
had issue) ; n; c/t;onj:a;b <x
bu;lle, it's leaf will not fade.

C;i;onc<Vfl. a strife, a tumult,

C 72

C 17

Cfi;onc<xn<vjrtv, to strive or contend ;
c\ nud;rt bo cftjoncdixxbtyi /vjom,
when they contended with me.

, a collection.
, wise, prudent, sage.
C/tJonnacb, wisdom, wit.
C;t;oonlac, touchwood.

a. girdle, cingle, belt, or
girding-string ; Armor, guris ;
rid. c.neay, idem.
C}\jOf<\c, tight.

and cnjoyujb, written

sometimes for TrtjOplc, embers.
Christ, the Messiah, and

Saviour of mankind.

3, swift, quick, nimble.
f\, a godfather.
C/t;oyl<xc, a limit or border.
C/t;oyl<xc, a girding of the loins.
'njoylajrjno, to gird, to limit, or
determine ; bo c/t;oylu; 5 ye, he
girded.

C/vjoylcvjTt-e, girded.
C/tjoyt, Christ, our Creator.
; \C/vjOytal, crystal; Arm. kristal,
Gr. xptoraAAoc, Lat. chrystal-

lll*.

.m<xjl, transparent.
, ..., girded.

C/t;6yt<xma;l, christian-like, hu-
mane.

C^;oytamlacr, Christianity.
C/tJoytuc and Cftjoytujbe, a Chris-
tian ; c^Joybu; j, idem.

I, earthen, made of clay.
, trembling.

_ a potter.

, , .-0..5, fear, dread, horror.
C/vjotrnujjeajm, to tremble,
te, a potter.
[, a swaddling band,
sinews,
the back.

aliter, c/t;oc, a region or
country; hence c^teac, is a
countryman; and cdjj-C;t;ce<xc,
corrupted into co;^/t;<vi, is a
stranger, i. e. a province-man, or
one of another province,
133

C/tjt, or c/tjotr, a trembling, or
shaking; c/tjr-tatman, an earth-
quake.

C/tjt, and genit. c^eata, a fit of an
ague, the ague, a trembling ;
"Welsh kryd, and Greek KOU-
cao>.

C/tjt:-be<vlbo^ft, a potter.

C^teo.6, shaking ; cptann c^;-
te<xc, an aspen-tree.

C/tjc-e<x;rat and CK^ceajld, terror,
astonishment ; <xg c^;c-eaj<xl,
trembling.

C eo.jl(Xc, astonished, timorous.
njt- JAld;t, the palsy ; fto ^tdnu;-
jeab le )6yoi t)o;tl <xjuy b<x-
cd;cc, bujb;;t ;y luce c;t;t j<x-
la;^ <xguy cla;me, jy luct j<xca
te;bme ejle, &c., Jesus healed
the blind and lame, the deaf and
the paralytic, the lepers, and
those who were afflicted with all
sorts of disorders and sickness.

^, cause of fear and horror.
ib, terrible, horrible,
t, a drinking-cup.
I, a shower.

sparkles of fire arising
from the clashing of weapons.
Cpi;ub<Xfin<xc, the hiccup.
Cpjun, a wolf.

C/to, a hut or hovel ; c/to £e<xb, a
goose-pen ; c/to muc, a hog-sty ;
Wei. kran-inoc, and Cor. 'krun-
moch ; also a fortress, or fortified
place.

C/to, death ; c/to, an iron bar.
C/to, children.
C/to, the eye of a needle ; Gr. KVOO,

the eye of a needle.
C/tO, strait or narrow.
C/toan, correction.

j, a hand, a fist, a paw ; 5 c/tob
<xn ipu.jjo.irxxj/7, out of the paw
of the bear; pi. c/toban<x and

C;tob-p/t;<xcd;/7, the herb crane's-
bill ; Lat. geranium.

c n

c r?

, genital.
Cfiobu/ij<x;b, clusters.
Q-iocan, a remarkable hill of the

country called Uojb p<x;tge, in

the County of Kildare.
C/t6c, saffron ; Lat. crocus.
Qioc, red ; Brit. coch.
C/iOc, the gallows, or a cross to

hang malefactors.
C/tOcab, grief, vexation.
CftOc<xb, a hanging.
QtOcojm, to hang, to crucify.
C/ioc<X;t, a body.

toca/ib and Cfioca/ibab, a bier;

commonly called c/iocd.ft.
; a hangman.
b, the name of an idol

amongst the old Irish.
C/tOb, cattle, cows.
C/iob, a dowry, a wife's portion ;

hence colpo. cpto;b, a woman's

portion in cattle.
, a slipper.

toba and cpiobacbcx, valiant,

brave ; also smart, terrible ; as

cat cjtoba. : it is pronounced

ct, valour, bravery.

C/ioba;be, an heir.

C/iob-bo;nn, a bunch of berries.

C/tob juta, the hand-gout ; chira-
gra.

Cfiobma;n, the wrist.
-/- C/iojdU, the crocodile.

C/tog<xn, i. e. f?at C/iu<xc<vjn, called
also Hlejljj na I7;oj, one of the
regal houses of Connaught in the
County of Roscommon.

C|tojbe<xl, coral.

Cfio;cbe, hanged; c/iocb<x, idem.

C^0jc;on, a skin, a hide, or pelt ;
Arm. crochenf gcnit. c^iO;cne,
and plur. c^o;c;no.

AC/tojbe, the heart; bo lajab a
Cftojbe, his heart fainted ; bo 5;
<x Cftojbe <xj lut, his bowels did
yearn; Gr. KapSia, and Meta-
thesi, cradia', Lat. corde, abl. a
cor, cord is.

134

C/tojbeact, a portion, or dowry ;
vid. c;tob ; sometimes written
c/i<5<x;beact.

C^o;beo.mo.;l, hearty, generous.

C/io;bean, a gallant, a lover, a
sweetheart.

Cfiojbe b/tub, contrition.

C/iOjbeoj, a mistress or sweet-
heart.

Cpojljje <xn b&jf, the extreme
agonies of this life ; also c^ot; j,
infirmity, and c/toljjte<xc, in-
firm.

CftOjm, genit. of c^iom, crooked. .

Cjiojroy^oc, or cua;^-^;<xt, a
crooked target.

Cpojnjc, a chronicle, an annal.

C/tO;n;c;m, to colour, to paint; Gr.
Xpwvw, coloro; cponajm, idem,
from Cfton, <7C?. z?zWe.

, to correct.
, a cross; also cpojfe.

Cpojfpj-gjl, a cross-prayer, i. e.
with hands stretched across.

Cpojfljne, a diameter.

CpOty-flj je, a by-way, or road.

Cfio;c, shook ; bo c/tojt me, I
shook ; bo c/to;te<xba/<, they
trembled.

C^o jtte, waved, tossed ; also sprin-
kled.

C^io-loc, a place where malefactors
are executed.

Cft6lo;t;m, to give a mortal wound.

C^tolo;t:;jte, dangerously wound-
ed.

C/iom con<x;l, a plague ; vid. co-
najt.

Cfiom, and genit. CftO;m, crooked,
bending down; Belg. krom, Ger.
krumb, Wei. fo-wm.

C/iomab and c^iom<v;m, to bow
down, to bend; bo c/tono f)0f
bon )ob<xl, he bowed down to
the idol ; <xg c/tomab, bowing or
bending.

C^oman, a kite.

Qtoman, the hip, or hip-bone.

C/tomc/tuac, a i'amous Irish idol.

c n

for

r-tom-leac, an altar for heathenish

worship, on which the Pagans

offered sacrifices.
C/tom/iOfj, pro jo/tm-fto^, grey-

eyed.

C;ton, a sign or mark.
Cpdn, brown, dun-coloured, red ;

also swarthy.

, time ; bjocfton, want of time ;

Gr. Ypovoc, temp us.
C;t6n<xjm and CftOnaJj;n), to be-

witch ; also to blush for shame ;

annfjn po Cft6n<x;j

hereupon Peter blushed

shame. — Leaba/t b/te<xc.
(Tuonan, the base in music ;

nan Jacbaftcanuy, cajitus-bas-

sus.
Crionan, any dull note; also the

buzzing of a fly or other insect.
C/tonnoj, a kind of basket, or

hamper.
C;ionog, a roundle or circle, and

figuratively a castle, fortress, &c.
Cftontrajjjm, to loathe, to abhor,

to detest.

pOf, a cross ; also a let or hin-

derance.

c, streaked.
and crtopx^m, to cross, to

hinder or debar a person from

an action: c/topxjm 0/tt, 1 for-

bid you.
Cftoy ab, a crossing, a stopping, or

hindering.
C/tOf-<xnacb, perverseness, peevish-

ness.
C/iop:vn<xcb, a kind of versifica-

tion.

C/tOpinta, froward, perverse.
Qtoyoj, a small cross.
Cj\Ofj\<3i, i. e. c^o^-;tjan, a cross-

road, or a cross formed by the

intersection of two roads.
, prohibited.

crooked, hunch-backed;
hence the family-name of the
O'Crottys of Lismore, descended
from Teise O'Brien, surnamed
13.5

C/tOt<vc, of the branch of Con-
nor O'Brien, son of Mahon
Maonmhuigh O'Brien, princes
of Thomond in the fourteenth
century. This descent of the
O'Crottys is mentioned by Hugh
Mac Curtain in his genealogical
manuscript, wherein I perused it
a few years since.

C/iocoic and c;tot<xc-ma/t<x, a cur-
lew.

, a cymbal.

rmcl °f a kernel.
, a kernel.

t, a form or shape; cajji tu
jrejn <x/t A7t:e<xp<\.c c^otra, dis-
guise thyself; its genit. is some-
times cpiojt or c^u;c, as well as

ta, a cymbal.
C;iOt:<xb, a sprinkling; bo c/tOjt:

ye, he sprinkled.
C/toc<x;t, a bier ; rid. c/toca;tb ;

also any vehicle.
Cj\u, blood, gore; Wei. kray.
C»tu<xcan, a little town of Carbury

in the west of Ireland, which

hath a remarkable harbour or

haven called Crook-haven.
Cfiuac, a rick, as of com, hay, turf,

fee.

Qtuackib, a heaping.
C/tu<xc<xn, as J?ar C/tu<xcr>a, an-

ciently the regal house of the

kins:s of Connaught, situate in

the County of Roscommon.

;t<X)5, the herb plantain ;

Lat. plantago latifolla.
C;tuab, a stone.
C/tu<xb<xjl, covetousness.
C^u<xb, hard, difficult, firm ; hence

signifies steel ; c^ua;b, iflem.

, of or belonging to steel.
t, hardship, distress, diffi-

cult)', stinginess.

\u<xbal<xc, liard ; also stingy, poor,

also puzzling.

uiab-cujnj, rigour, slavery.
C;m<xb-cu;yeo,c, difficult.

c r?

C/tud.b-mujnJleac, stiff-necked, ob-
stinate.

, entangled,
strict ; 50
strictly.

C/iuabojje, distress.
C/iu<xj<xb, a strengthening.
C/iu<x;b, steel.
C/iu<x;beab, hardening.

ce<in5<xl and c;iu
, to tie fast, to bind.

, hardened ; o.;ib<\;t c/tu-
<i;bt:e, hardened or kiln-dried
corn.
, red.

hardness, rigour.
C/iub, a horse's hoof, or any cloven

foot, as of a cow, sheep, &c.
C/iubab, to bend or make crooked.
C/tuban, a crab-fish.
C;tub jojn, a flood-gate.
C;iub, w/0?w quod Cfiub, a horse's

hoof; pi. c/iub<x.
C/iub<x^c, of a crimson colour.
Cj\ubjn n<x pj.ona, dwarf-mountain

bramble.
Qiuboj, a thrum, or thread in

weaving.

C;tuc<x, a hook, or crook; c/iuc<x
t;te<xbu;ge, a shepherd's crook.
Qtuc<xc, a heap.

C/iub, a milking; <xg c/iub n<x nobo,
milkin the kine.
to milk.

t, a belt, or sword-girdle.
C/tufe<xct<x, or Cftu;be<xct<x, a

crow.

Cfiu jatac, hard or difficult.
Cfiu;be<xt<x, hard.
C/iu;be<x/rz;, of a scarlet colour.
Cftu;b;n, a king's fisher.
C/tu j jneacb, or c^u;tne<xcb, wheat.
, thunder.

eabanac, whole, entire;
also a down-looking person.
C/tu;m;m, to thunder.
C;t;m/-ljnnean, a bunch or gibbus

on the back.
C;tu;mtea/i, a priest.
13G

C ??

Cnajn, or c/tu;nn, round, circular ;

Wei. ATMTZ.
C/tu;nea^<xb, a dizziness or giddi-

ness.
C/tu;nne, the globe of the earth,

the world ; orbis terrarum.
C/tu;nn;u jab, an assembly, a con-

gregation.
C;iu;nn;uj<xb and c^tu;nn;j;m, to

collect, to assemble, to gather

together.
C/iu;nn;m, to wrangle.

, dew, mist, fog.
, a small pot or pitcher ;

as cpujfZjn ot<x, a pitcher of

oil.

musc.
n, a lamp.
C/tujtr, a harp, a crowd, or violin.
a bunch on the back.
oj, a woman-crowder, or
that plays on the violin.
Cpajt, ingenuous, lively.
Qiujte and -<xcb, prudence.
C/tu;teoc<xm, I shall mention or

prove.
Cfiujtjn Cu<x;t, the old Irish name

of the country of the Picts.
C/tu;tneac; a Pict ; corrupted from
b/vjtneac, derived from b/t;t ;
Lat. pictus, variegatvs. — Vid.
Lhuyd. ArchceoL tit. 1. pag. 20.
col. 3.

C;iu;tneo.cb, wheat; Lat. trit'icum.
C/-iu;tn; j, the Picts.
C/tu;t;n, crook-backed. ^
C/iu;t;neac, crumji-shouldered.

, a crowder, a harper.
, bowed, crooked ; vid. c/tom.

, half a quarter of a yard.
C;tuno<xjm, to bow or bend, to wor-

ship.

C/tuman, the hip-bone.
C/tuman, a sort of hooked instru-

ment used by surgeons.
Qiumcvna;be, a turner.
C/tum, a worm, a maggot.
Qiama/1, bloody, full of blood.

, sourness of look.

c u

c u

j, need, necessity.

Gtupotroj, a blood-pudding.

C'tu-^ciojleab, the bloody flux.

Cftutaj/te, a musician, harper, &c.

C nut, curds; Lat. coagulum.

Citut, a form or shape; also the |
countenance; n; 5u/- mea^a <x
cc/tut, worse in appearance ; A
cc/tu;t colujm, in the form of a
dove.

Crtutaj jjm, to prove, to aver, as-
sert, or maintain : bo c^ujt; j
<vj;t e, he proved the charge
upon him ; also to create ; bo

<xma;n neam <xju^ tralam,
the Lord by his word alone
created heaven and earth.

C/tuc<t;jre, created; also proved
or experienced.

Cfiutd.;^teo;/t, the Creator.

C/tutu jv\b, a proof; also the crea-
tion.

Cnutlacb, a belt, a sword-girdle.

Cu, anciently signified any dog ;
cu <xUo.jb, a wild dog, a wolf:
cu m;l, or m;ol cu, a greyhound :
cu pjonnvx, a fur-dog, i. e. a moth
or insect that gnaws clothes ; i
commonly called leoirxxn ; but
now the word cu is used to mean
a greyhound only. Cu is like !
the Gr. KVIOV, canis, any dog; !
and in the pi. cujn, like the Gr.
Kuvtz, Lat. canes. The Irish
word cu;njn, a rabbit, is the i
diminutive of this word cu, Lat. i
cumculus. Cu in the genit.
makes con or cun. N. B. Plato
in his Cratylus observes, that
this Greek word KVVCC, plur. and
many others, such as TTVO, fire, !
Ir. u/t, and uSwp, water > Ir. bu/t, •
were derived from the Phrygians,
of whom Strabo, lib. 7, p. 540, ;
says they were originally Thra- \
cians, and these were anciently
of the Celtic nations,
ua, flesh, meat ; ctiaffKXHTab, the
137

flesh-market or shamble^.

Cua, a remarkable mountain in the
barony of Burren and C'ounty of
Clare.

Cu<xb<xcdr), a flesh-hook.

Cuab/tu;b, itch, leachery.

Cuac, narrow.

Cuacca and coc<x, empty.

Cuac, the cuckoo.

Cuac and cuacan, a bowl, a cup.

Cuaco.6, curled or frizzled.

Cuacajm, to fold or plait.

Cuacan and cuacoT, a plait or
fold.

Cuac-^-^Kinn, a vehement snoring
or snorting.

Cuab, to tell or relate; cuC\b bo
taoc, to tell a story to an insipid
person.

Cuagan, the hinder part of the
head.

Cuainan a bpeoit, a kernel in the
flesh.

Cuojb, bo cua;b fe, he went; bo
cuamo.^, <x /xe<3.c, we entered ;
bo cuajb fe &f, he escaped.

Cuajl^ne, a remarkable mountain
in the County of Down ; also a
territory in the County of Loutli,
made famous by the romantic-
account of a general prey of
cattle brought away from thence
by Fergus, son of T2off<\. J?u<xb,
king of Ulster, aided by 00e;bb
C/tu<xcrKX, queen of Connaught,
in spite of all the valour of Cu-
cull<x;n and the rest of the famed
champions of the red branch.

CuojU and cuajlle, a stake or pole,
cua)tleab<i caontu;n, stakes of
quick-beam.

Cu<vjttb, a travelling or sojourning.

Cucxj/tb, a visit; mo;t cu<xj/tb, the
visitation of a prince or bishop.

Cuaj/tj-getxb, a volume.

Cuajft^-gean, that wherein a thing
is wrapped.

Cuajn^jm, to roll, to wreath, to
twist, or fold ; also to wrap up.

c u

c u

, wreathed, wrapped up.

Cuaj/it;, a circulation, also any cir-
cle; pk>;tciKVj;tt na jrola, the
free circulation of the blood ; jra
cuajjtt, round about.

Cuajt, the country.

Cual, a faggot.

Cuala, bo cuala me, I heard ; c;<x
cuala, who hath heard.

Cualann, a territory now compre-
hended in the County of Wick-
low ; vid. Cfqoc cualan supra.

Cualjn, a bundle, a small faggot.

Cuallacb, followers or dependants,
also a colony.

Cuallacba, a district in the County
of Clare, the ancient, patrimony
_of O'bubj;;?.

Cualta;be, a companion.

Cualla;beacb, society.

Cualla;-, an assembly.

Cuamafi, fat, gross.

Cuama/trab, the flesh-market or
shambles.

Cu<xn, a bay, a harbour, a haven ;
plur. cuanta; cuan loca 3d/1"
man, Wexford.

Cuan, Loc Cuan, the ancient name
of Strangford Bay, in the County
fc-*A»fv.of Aaatagh in Ulster.

Cuanna, a hill.

Cuanna, handsome, neat, fine, ele-
gant, or artful.

Cua/i, crooked, perverse ; Wei.
guyr.

Cua^-cuma)^, a circular round,
or tour.

Cua/ian, a sock.

Cua/toja, brogues made of un-
tanned leather.

Cu<x;ttr, vid. cua;;tb.

Cu<x/-ita;j)in,to seek out or search;
bo cu<Xfitu;g tu me, thou hast
searched me; bo cu<x/ttra;jed.-
ba/i na bci.o^<v;beo.bcx, the shep-
herds sought out; also to sur-
round, to encompass,
fyttujab, a diligent search or
inquiry.

138

", a cave, the hollow of a tree,
a hollow place in the ground, a
cavity in a rock or in any other
thing.

, <xb cutx^, it was told.

c, hollow, full of holes or
pits.

<xc, or cu^<xct<xc, a cough-
ing, cough.
Cuafan, a hole, or cavity ; dim. of

Ciltif.

Cu<xu;nne, worm-eaten nuts.

Cubet, joking, sporting, or ridi-
culing.

Cub<xcdji, a bed-chamber; Lat. cu-
biculum.

Cubab and cubat, a cubit. X

CuBajb, decent, becoming; ba/t
mo cubajb, upon my honour.

Cubaj^*, an oath ; tuj <x cub<\^
/te na comal, he took his oath he
would perform it. Vid. Tig/tern.
Annal.

Cabal, apparel, raiment, vesture ;
particularly a religious habit.

Cub<x/t, froth, foam ; m<x/t <xn ccuba/t
<x/t <xn u;^je, like the foam on
the water.

Cuba;", a tree.

Cuca, to them : pronounced cu jta.

Cucama/t, a cucumber.

Citcclajbe, a narrow way.

Cucc, a colour, a kind, an image,
or sort.

Cucta;b, a maker, former, &c.

Cucta;/t, a kitchen.

Cuclajbe, a residence, habitation,
&c.

Cuculla;n, the proper name of a
famous hero of the Royal Ruderi-
cian race of Ulster, whose death
is referred to the second year of
the Christian era in the Annals
of Clonmacnois, called Chroni-
con Scotorum; he was captain
of the renowned band of cham-
pions styled Cu/ia;be naC/iao;be
I7uab, i. e. the heroes of the red
branch. — Fid. conmaol and cu-

c u

c u

<i;tg/ie supra.

Cubajm, or cabam, to fall ; Lat.
cado.

b, the falling sickness,
al, bad, wicked, naughty.
Cubam, cubam <xn t^lejbe, an emp-
tion on the side of a mountain ;
also a fault in hair, when split
and withered.

Cub<xm<xc, frail, corruptible.
Cuba;im<xn, the common people;

hence

Cubanmanta, or cobapmanta ; as
bu;ne cob<mmanc<x, a rustic, or
unpolished man.
Cuba/tun, a sort of cap or hood.
Cub, or cut, a head.
Cubnob, haste, speed, expedition.
Cubor, or coboj, the fish called

haddock.
Cub/t<xm<x, complete, regular, even,

just.

Cub-j-aot, an apoplexy,
a cypress-tree.
, the same.

or cuj<xb|-<x, to you, unto
you.
CujAbta, or cuca, unto them ; and

cuju;n, unto us.
•J Cu;b, a cup.

*• Cu;b, a greyhound ; Angl. cub.
Cu;be;^-, so much.
Cu;Ker, fraud or cheat.

c and cujfytjje, bonds;
je fcu^t ccu;nge, the bonds
of your yoke.
Cujb/t;j;m, to fetter, or put in

irons.

CujBft; jte, bound, fettered.
Cu;ce, until; cu;ce fQ, i. e. 30

nujje fO, till the present time.
Cujb, a part, share, or portion ; <x
7"e fjn <*.j\ ccujbne, this is our
share; an cu;b fOjji, the east
part; gen. coba, plur. cotcanci.
Cujb, a supper.
Cu;bcv/tun, a cowl or hood.
Cu;beacb and cujbeacba, or cuj-
a companv, troop, so-
139 '

ciety, &c.

Cujbeacbaj jjm, to accompany, to
attend.

Cu;be<xb, help, aid, assistance, suc-
cour : sometimes written cujbsa-
jab; gen. cu;bjb.
i Cujbearrxxjl, bu;ne cu;be<vma;l, an
intruder.

Cu;beamajt, meet, decent, proper.

Cujbcxmakicb, decency, meetness.

Cu;bbe<xcb, decency.

Cujbbeacbac, parted, severed.

Cujbjj, be<vn cujb; je, a midwife :
-i' id. cu;bedb.

Cu;b;jjm, to help, to succour

aid, or assist.

; C^bjjteac, an assistant or helper.
! Cujbrneab, a scoftj a jeer, or flout;
also a scorning, ridicule, or deri-
sion.

b, the fifth. '
Cu;ge, or co;je, a province; so
called because Ireland was di-
vided into five provinces, \\z.
Minister, Leinster, Meatli, Con-
naught, and Ulster, therefore
called cu;j cojje, or cu^je r. A

Cu;je, or cu;ge, therefore ; cujje
fO, for this purpose ; cujge and
udjb, to and fro ; cujge fjOii,
unto him.

Cujgedl, a distaff.

Cu;I, a fly.

Cu;l, a couch, a corner, a closet ;
also any private place ; <x ccujl,
in a private place or closet ;
Ccql ?7<xt<in, Coleraine, a town in
the County of Antrim, i. e.
Ferny Corner.

Cujt, bad, wicked, prohibited ;
cu;tb<x cu;l, prohibited incest ;
rid. col.

Cu;lc, a reed.

Cujlce, any clotlies.

Cujlceac, a cloth, veil, or hood.

Cu;lce<xc. a steeple ; cu;lce<\c
ctu ana-urn a, Cloyne steeple. —

c u

c u

This word is a corruption of

cloj-ceac.

Cu;lceann, the noddle.
Cu;lbu5, a beetle.
Cu;leac, party-coloured.
Cu;tean, a whelp, a kitling.
Cujleann, the holly-tree ; Wei.

, a jade,
a horse.

Cujteat, vid.

Cu;leoj, a gnat, a little insect.

Cu;l;^-eal, vile, little worth.

CujUecift, a quarry.

Cujlle, a quill.

Cu;lle, black cloth.

CujUea^a or cujlja^a, jrtea^ga
cujll, hazel rods or twigs.

Cu;lm;onr>ujab, abjuration.

he quilt or tick of a
bed.

a bed-chamber.
, delay, negligence.

Cujlt, a bed-tick ; also a bed ; Lat.
culcitra. This word being found
in Clery's vocabulary of old
Irish words, shows it to be Cel-
tic, and the origin of the Anglo-
Saxon word quilt.

Cujtteac, a bake-house.

Cu;m, entertainment; cujm, from
com, j:<x na cu;m, under his co-
ver.

Cu;me, hardness.

Cu;mjeab, a narrative, a relation,
or story.

Cu;mne, memory, remembrance.

Cujmne, a memorial, a record.

Cujmneac, mindful.

Cujmnjjjm, to remember.

Cujrnnj jceo;/t, a recorder, a chro-
nicler, or remembrancer.

Cujmnjugab, a memorial.

Cu;m/teafl, a share or portion ;
yeacc nacfia mo cu;m/tean ^"0,
seven acres are my proportion.

Cujm/teafl, a messing or eating to-
gether; a. ta ye <MD cu;m/tean,
he messes with me.
110

a little coffer or chest.

Cujm;n, cummin seed.

Cu;m;n, and plur. cu;mjn; je, a ^
commonage, or tract of ground,
the property of which belongs to
no one in particular, but to an
entire village or town in general.
In France it is called les com-
munes.

Cu;mleab, to intermeddle, or tam-
per with; an ce cujmtjo^, he
that intermeddles.

Cu;mne, protection.

Cu;n, when. „

Cu;nab, mourning ; vid. caojne.

Cumang, strait, close, narrow.

Cu;nea^~, rectius c;u;nea/", rest, si-
lence, quietness, a calm.

Cujneoccaoj, ye shall keep.

Cupeog, or cu;nneOj, a churn,
also a can ; Wei. kjinnog.

Cujnj, a yoke, a band, a duty, or
an obligation ; a cu;n-o
his bands of matrimony, a c<
c/tabab, his religious vows.

Cujnr, a yoke ; cu;nj po^ba, the
yoke of marriage.

Cujnge, a solicitation, an entreaty ;
hence accu;nje, a repeated en-
treaty or request.

Cu;nj;m, to desire, solicit, require,
or demand ; /i; j Lejte-Cu;nn
bo cu;njea^, Cain, the king of
leac-Cu;nn, demands his tri-
bute.

u xl, subjugium.
-, they used to keep or re-
tain.

Cu;n j;b, a request or petition,

Cu;n;z;;;t, a yoke of cattle ; as cu;n-
£j/t bam, a yoke of oxen ; cu;n-
c, idem.

i, a pair or couple ; cu;/ij;;t
[, a couple of horses.

a cart or waggon of
two or more beasts yoked toge-
ther; as ctrjng/teac bam, cu;n-
3/teac capul.

Cu;n;cea/i, a coney-burrow.

c u

c u

Cujn; jjm, to assuage, to mitigate.
C.-j.ijn, a coney, a rabbit; i'id. cu. \
Cu;nn, the genit. of conn, the name
of a king in Ireland ; Lat. quiti-

Cujnne, a corner, an angle; Lat.
cuneus, Gall, coin, and Gr. -yo- j
via ; hence the English word
coins or q nines in architecture ;
cu;nne is also a border, and so
is coin in French and English ;
hence the English word coin,
mint-money, because it is marked
or inscribed on its borders.

Cu;nj-eat, a face or countenance.

Cu;/itOftcu;b /~e, he will render,
return, or recompense.-

Cu;p, foam, froth.

£u;/ibeacta, birds'-claws.

Ca)i\c, a knife.

Cuj/tc, from co/tc, a whittle, or
swathe.

rce, or CDacajfte Cu;/icne, a ;
territory in Westmeath, now the
barony of Kilkenny-west, was
anciently the lordship of O'Co-

Cit)j\t>, or cujnt, a court.

Cu;^tb, a trade ; vid.

Cifjfte, a chaldron.

Cuj;xe, a throng or multitude, a
troop or company ; bdb cuj^e i
bednmov be;jn;m, a troop that !
Achieved <iood actions.

Cu;/teat, the knave in cards; cu;-

c/t;oc, rou;ll;ot,

maja af pea/t/t pan jmjftt:, id
cst, the knave and five of spades,
of clubs, of diamonds, and of i
hearts, are the best trumps in
the game of cards.

m, to tire, to fatigue.
Cu;/tjm, to put or set, to sow or
plant, to send, to invite; lucb
cujn;j, guests; nC\ cu;neo.b <xn
njb f)n o/tt:, let not this thing
displease thee ; cuj;t;m d;t ccut,
to cancel or annul ; cujftim mo
111

an ^-ndm, I make my bed
to swim ; cu;ft;m jrdjlte beatcv.
no ^tcijnre, to greet or salute;
;nop;be, to beseech ; bu<xl<xc, to
impose ; <Xft Cu<x/ta^-b<xl, to hire ;
cu;^ Ont bo b;teacd;n, put on
your plaid.

Cajj\jn, a small chaldron, a pot, a
can, &c. ; dim. of cuj^e.

Cu;fim, a kind of beer or ale
amongst the old Irish ; in the
vulgar Greek Kovofjii signified a
kind of beer or ale; and curmi
in Latin is ale or beer, as is also
the Welsh hum; hence cu;/tm
signifies a feast, banquet, or
drinking-bout ; ;t<xco.b bol mo
cu;;tme, I wrill go to drink.

Cujftpe, wicked, impious, corrupt ;
bujne cu;/ipe, homo corriiptm ;
cuj^ipceac, idem.

Cujftpecicc, wickedness, corrup-
tion ; clann na cuj/tpeacta,^'///
corruptionis.

and cu;/\teo3, an apple-tree,
a wilding.

, a court or palace.

Cujftte<xmo.;l, complaisant, cour-
teous.

<xb, c^teb jrCv cuj;tceoc<xb,
why should he reward ?
, a kind of cup.

Cujuteoj, rid. cujnt.

Cu;/ttj;t, an eunuch.

Cujf, a matter, a thing, a cause, a
motive.

Cuj^cle, a private or secret affair.
a crime.

corrupted from
Lat. pidsus, a vein, also the
pulse ; cajfle <xbeab, liverwort ;
plur. cuj^tecvno. and cuj^ljb.

c and cu;^-leo.bu.c, full of
vens.
;-teaj, a lancet.

or rather c\\jfiert.n, a
castle ; is more properly written
, an augmentative of
. a word compounded of

c u

c u

, a house in old Irish ; Lat.,
Ital., and Hispan., casa, and jol,
or <xo;l, lime; so that ctvjpot
signifies a building of stone and
lime-mortar, whence the house
or court of the kings of Cashel
was called C<x;pot, at least as
early as St. Patrick's time, as
we see in the acts of his life ; a
fact which, besides many others,
proves that the old Irish knew
and practised the art of building
with stone and lime-mortar long
before they were visited by the
English adventurers, contrary to
the erroneous assertion of some
English and Anglo-Hibernian
writers. The old and strong cas-
tle of Castlelyons, in the County
of Cork, was built with most ex-
cellent cement of lime-mortar
by Cujlean O'Ljatajn, A. D.
1010, as appeared by an in-
scription on a marble chimney-
piece, when the Earl of Barry-
more was repairing it about the
year 1722. In my old copy of
the Annals of Tighernach and
his Continuator, I find mention
of several castles in different
parts of Ireland long before the
arrival of the English, who ad-
ventured with the king of Leins-
ter ; and of several other diffe-
rent castles in my copy of the
Annals of Innisfallen ; wherein,
at the year 1124, I find mention
of three castles built by the peo-
ple of Connaught, one at Gal-
way, another at Dunleodh, and
a third at Cuilmaol. At the
year 1137 it is mentioned in
Tighernach's Continuator, that
the people of Ce<xbt<x, or Teffia,
in Westmeath, plundered the
castles of Loch-cairigin, which
had been built a long time be-
fore; and that in the year 1155
Roderick O'Connor, king of
142

Connaught, destroyed an old and
strong castle at a place called
Cu;l-t/iaj, which cost him the
lives of a great number of his
men ; a clear proof that the cas-
tle was ancient and strong, from
its cement having had time
enough to consolidate with the
stone : and finally, that in the
year 1164 the same Roderick
O'Connor built a large and
strong castle at Cu<vjm ba Jul-
ian, i. e. the city of Tuam. But
from the description Giraldus
Cambrensis (It'mer. Camb. 1. 1.
c. 12.) gives of the castle of
Pembroke, built, as he says, with
rods or twigs lined about with
sods of earth, " ex virgin et ces-
pite temd" by Arnulphus do
Montgomery, son of the great
Earl of Shropshire, and son-in-
law to Mortoghmore O'Brien,
king of Ireland, as appears by
his letter to St. Anselm of Can-
terbury, (vid. Syllog. Epist. Hi-
ber. p. 93,) by this description,
I say, it would seem to appear
that the English themselves knew
nothing of the art of building
with stone and mortar, since so
great and opulent a man as Ar-
nulphus did not put it in prac-
tice with regard to his castle of
Pembroke, which was the more
necessary, as he designed it for
the preservation of the conquest
he had made of the County of
Pembroke ; an event not long
preceding the time of the expe-
dition of the English adventurers
into Ireland, since Gerald, s~ur-
named Windsor, who was the
father of Maurice Fitzgerald,
one of the earliest of those ad-
venturers, was the person whom
this Arnulphus of Montgomery
first appointed as keeper of his
new-built castle of Pembroke-

c u

c u

And as to the old Britons, so
far were they ignorant of the art
of building stone-work that when
Ninian, who converted the sou-
thern Picts, built his church of
stone and lime-mortar, they call-
ed it Candida Casa, or white
house, being the first structure
of the kind, as Beda observes,
that was seen in Britain.

anac, i. e. jre-abarxxc, a pi-
per.

, ice, frost.

Cu;pie<xm<vjl, frosty.

Cu;pi; jjm, to freeze, to congeal.

Cujfnj jce, congealed, frozen.

Cu)fOn, wise, prudent.

Cujj-te, a couch.

Cu;t, the head.

Cujte, sound, healthy, well.

Cu;te<xc, recompensing, or requi-
ting a good or bad office as it
deserves ; ta;m cu;te<xc lejf, I \
am up with him.

Cu;te<xc, a denial.

Cu;t:eoc<xb, a requital; and cu;-
team, the same.

Cu;t-be;/tt, or rather c<xjtr-be;/tt,
an helmet, or head-piece; also
a hat or bonnet.

Cujtre, a trench ; <x la;t cu;te, in
the midst of a pit ; cu;te cajlce,
a lime-stone pit, a chalk-pit;
also any deep moist place.

Cu;teac, foam, froth; also rage,
Jury : Icvn bo cufcj j, full of rage
and fury ; cutcxc, idem ; <xm<x;l
bo^<xo/t<xb (Dem/mil 0'CJ)u;ten<i
Leogan, as Daniel was delivered
from the fury of lions. — L. B.

C-Ufijgfttif to requite, to recom-
pense; cujtrlocajb 7-6 jt;n, he
shall requite us.

Cut, custody ; also a guard, pro-
tection, defence.

Cul, the back part of any thing ;
cul-bO/tu;~, a back-door : cul-
, the back of a knife ; <\;\
oiT, back, away; pa oul,
143

backwards.

Cul, a chariot, a coach, or waggon :
bo tfiejg <v cula, his coach
failed.

Cul<Xjb, or cul-e<xbac, apparel, a
suit of clothes, habit, &c. ; ;-eom-
^i<x cul<x;b, the vestn\

Culam, to thrust or push back.

Calanta^-, bashfulness.

Cat<x/t<x;n, cucumbers.

Culh, an artist.

Culboc and bocjabdrt, a wether-
goat, a buck.

Culc<vjn;m, to slander, or backbite.

Culc<x;nt: calumny, backbiting.

Culca;nte6;/i, a backbiter, a slan-
derer.

Cul-co;me;b, a guard.

Cul j<x;/t;m, to recall.

Culla, a hood, a cowl, x

Cullac, a boar; p;db-cull<xc, a wild
boar.

Cttlljj), holly ; rid. cu^leann ; cu-
jll;n-t/ta; j, eringo, or sea-holly,
a plant.

Cullojb and cullo;be, a great noise,
or rattling.

Cullojbeac, noisy, brawling, quar-
relsome.

CulnKVjjte, a wheelwright.

Culoj, one that rides behind ano-
Uier.

Culpoc, a he-goat, a buck.

Cul;t<xbd/tc<xc, circumspect.

CulcA;be<xc, preposterous.

Culiajpn jjm, to retract.

Culu; je<xc, apparel.

Cum, the middle 01 waist; the body
or trunk of an animal ; rid.
com.

Cum, a fight, a combat, a duel, or
battle.

Cum, answers to the English parti-
cles to and for ; as cum j-lejbe,
to a mountain ; cum bejc, to be;
cum bu;t mbeaca, for your suste-
nance ; ba cum, in order to ; bo
cum cuc<x, in order to fight.

Cuma, &f cuma l;om, it is indiffe-

c u

c u

rent to me, I care not.

Cuma, a model, form, or pattern.

Cum<xc, a breach or derout ; CUITKXC
cojtrcjon/?, a general derout.

Cumacba, a command.

Cum<xb, or c<xmm<xb, crookedness.

Cum<xboim, a fashioner, framer, a
statuary ; also a liar.

Cutrxrjl, bo cumajl 7-6 te ;meal a
eubajje, he touched the border
or hem of his garment.

Cumcgtjm, to touch ; also to rub
oftj or wipe.

Cum<x;ltr, wiping; <xj cum<x;lc <x
beo/id, wiping his tears.

Cum<x;ne<xc, or cumao;ne<xc, com-
munion.
' Cumajfc, a mixture.

Cuma;/"c;iT), to mix, blend, or min-
gle.

Cum<x;^cte, mingled, compounded.

Crmal, a forfeit consisting of three
cows; vid. O'Flo/iert. p. 296;
it may signify the price of three
cows, as tirz; me c/t; cum<x;l <xj/i,
it cost me nine cows.

Cum<x;m, to shape, to form ; bo
cum fe, he shaped ; cumaj j bo
teanga cealg, thy tongue
frameth deceit.

Cumcxnn, bo cumcxnn fe, he dealt.

Cumann, common ; also mutual
friendship.

Cumuo;n fellowship, communion ;
also an obligation.

Cuma/i, a valley; also the bed of
large rivers, or of a narrow sea ;
whence the sea between Ireland
and the Pictish country in North
Britain was called Vallis Scy-
thica; hence

Cuma/t, na tt/t; nu;/"je, is the
Irish name of the valley wherein
the three rivers, Suir, Nore, and
Barow, or rather Mearow, meet
below Water ford, and form the
harbour of that city.

Cu-m<x/ia, literally signifies a sea-
hound. This word has been the
144

proper name of several great
men of the old Irish nation ; it
makes Con-ma/ta in the genitive
case, as G0<xc con-ma/i<x, the son
of Cuma/io.. The family name
of the princely tribe of Dalcas-
sians, called GOac n<x m<Xfi<*, is
but an abusive pronunciation of
the words fO<xc con-m<x/i<x, i. e.
the son of Cum<x/t<x, one of their
ancestors, descended from Conal
Cdc-lu<xt, the fifth direct de-
scendant from Co/imac C<\]f,
(from whom the Dalcassian race, )
king of Munster and Leinster in
the third century. The present
chiefs of this noble family are
John Macnamara, Esq. and Da-
niel Macnamara, Esq., both of
the County of Clare. Counsellor
Macnamara of London, a lawyer
of particular distinction, is the
eldest son of the now-mentioned
Daniel Macnamara, Esq. The
brave Admiral Macnamara, who
died at Rochfort soon after the
beginning of the last war, be-
longed to one of the chief
branches of this ancient family.
The chiefs of the Macnamaras
were hereditary lords marshal
of the kings of Thomond of the
O'Brien race, and were charged
with the function of proclaiming
every new king on the day of his
inauguration. — Vid. C<x;c/te;m.
Their ancient estate was the large
territory called C/t;uc<x ceab JB
C<x;^;n, now one of the baronies
of the County of Clare.
Cum<x/t<x;cc, derived from cuma/t,
a valley; are a people living in
a country full of valleys and hills.
Thus the O'Briens of Cuma/iac,
in the County of Wateribnl,
were called Cuma;t<x;cc, as they
inhabited the valleys betwri n
Dungarvin and the river Suir.
N. B. Hence also the old Bri-

u

c u

tons of Cumberland, whose lan-
guage Mr. Lhuyd (Archaeol. p.
•2'2>j] remarks to have carried
the closest affinity with the Irish
of all the other British dialects,
called themselves Cumbri, i. e.
Cumeri, as Caniden observes in
his Cumberland, doubtless be-
cause their country consisted all
of valleys and hills ; and for the
same reason the Britons of Wales
were called by that name, whose
original meaning and derivation
they have utterly forgot, as they
did that of several other words
still in use amongst them, whose
signification, as Mr. Lhuyd re-
marks in the Welsh preface to
his Archaeologia, is to be found
in the Irish language alone : the
deriving of the appellation of
Cumbri, or Cambri, from the
Gomarians, or from the Cimbri,
seems to be but a modern and
chimerical notion.

Cum<y3<x;m, to mix, to mingle or
join, to incorporate.

Cum<\f, strength, power ; jre<Xft ea-
rn a;/*, a strong man ; also a
wealthy, powerful man.
c, strong, powerful.
a mixture, id est com-
; hence cum<ty"gd;m, to
mingle or mix together.

Cum a, mourning, sorrow, grief, la-
mentation.

Cuma, a bribe, a reward, or condi-
tion.

Cumac, strait, narrow.

Cumacb, power, strength, ability.

Cumacbac, might}-, powerful, puis-
sant ; compar. cumacba; je.

Cumabac, sorrowful, sad.

Cumajnj and cumanj, narrow ;

Wei. curing-
. — .
Cumaiflje, narrowness.

Cumajnjjm, to straiten, to make

narrow.

Curt) a;;-, a selvage ; rid. c
14.5

, a handmaid, a bond- wo-
man.

Cumal, obedience, subjection, &c.

Cumalba, of or belonging to a ser-
vant.

Cumanj, power, strength.

Cumbac, defence, protection.

Cumbac, a veil or covering; cum-
bcic leapta, bed-clothes ; cum-
bac oj/t, a golden cover.

Cumbac, the cover of a book ; as
appears by the following inscrip-
tion on a silver cross upon the
cover of a very old manuscript
of the four Gospels in Latin,
written in Irish characters by St.
Columb Cille, an. 500 ; the in-
scription runs thus : onajt acuj~
benbo.cc Cbotujmb Cbjlle bo
planb 0?<xc C10ael-;-ecna;l bo
;t;j Cftenn la^ <xnbe;tn<xb a
Cumbac ;*0 ; i. e. Oratio et be-
nedictio S. Columbce Cille sit
Han/to filio MalacJiirp R?gi
Hibernits qui hoc operimentum
fieri fecit. Conceniing this in-
scription Mr. O'Flaherty made
the following note, which I have
seen in his own hand-writing, on
pa^e 434 of that inestimable
manuscript : " Flannus hie Rex
Hiberniae decessit 8vo. kalendas
M^aii die Sabati, ut in MS. Co-
dice Hibernico, quod Chronicon
Scotorum dicitur, adnotatur anno
-Era? Christiana? vulgaris 916,
liber autemhic scriptus est manu
ipsius S. Columbfe Kille per
spatium dierum duodecim anno
Domini 500, et postea subjungi-
tur, hanc inscriptionem interpre-
tatus est Rod. O'Flaherty 19°.
_Junii, 1677."

Cumbactra, fenced, guarded; bo

cumba;j fe na cat/tac<x u;le,

he fenced or protected the cities.

Cumbajjjm, to keep or preserve,

to maintain or support ; also to

build, rather to roof and cover a

T

c u

C U

building.
Curojac, straitness, distress; CUIT)-

<xng;t<xc, idem.

Cuml<v;m, to rub or scrape, to wear.
Cumfia, fragrant, sweet; bola curo-

fia, a sweet smell.
Cum/tog, a sweet apple-tree.
Cunty-gal, a stirring about, or mov-

jng.
Cum^j<xt<x, moved, stirred, pro-

voked.
Cuirty-gugAb, marching or journey-

ing. p

Curcttxc, bribery.
Cumut, or cumal, a handmaid.
Cumca, shaped or formed; be<xg

cumtcx, well-shaped; also a man-

ner or fashion.

, power, ability.
c, able, capable, active,

strong.
CuiYimtty-g, a mixture or compound

in physic ; Lat. commixtio ; it is

the opposite of eanbd, a simple.
Can, a body.
Cunabt<xc, a filthy carcass, i. e.

<xblu.c can, a carrion left to dogs.
Cun<xb'a;/ie<ty*, slothfulness.
Cunjanta, lucb cunganttt, helpers,

assistants.
Cun j<ty* and cungu^, a co-opera-

_ting.

Can jrxxm, help, succour, aid.
Cung;/i, a couple ; vid. cu;nj^t.
Cunna, friendship.
Cunn&jpc, bo cunrxxj/tc me, I saw.
Cunncx/ttdc, betrothed ; from cun-

^a, a pact or agreement.
Cunnt<x, modest.
Cunr)fi<xb, a covenant.
Cunn/i<xt<xc, agreed upon.
Cuntoib^;^t:, doubt, danger;

cuntrcxb<x;fit:, without question.

, accpunt ; n;l cunt<\^ <x^am
t, I have no account of it, I

know nothing of the matter, also

an account in dealing.
Cup<x and cuptui, a cup.
conception.
146

Cuplcv, a pair or couple, twins. *.
Cu/t, \veariness, fatigue, also care ;

Lat. cur a; hence cu/tta, tired,

weaiy.

Cu/1, difficult.
Cu/idc, a bog or marsh ; cu^<xc

mon<\, a turf-bog.
Cufi<xc, a body.
Cu/iac, a coracle, a kind of small

boat.

Cu/t<xcan, a skiff, a small boat.
Cu/i<xb, an obstacle : n<i cu;/i cu-

;t<xb <X;t ^p;o/mb Oe, oppose no

obstacle to the spirit of God.
Cu/i<xb, a champion, a warrior ;

plur. cu/uvjbe and cu/ia;bb.

the heroes of the red branch,
were a band of brave warriors in
the service of Concub<x/t OOtxc
Ne<tyy<x, king of Ulster, said to
nave reigned before and after
the birth of Christ ; vid. Cucu-

supra.

Cu/i<x;iean, a can, a mug, a tan-
kard ; vid. cajpjr>.

Cu/iajjean, cheese-runnet.

Cu/i<xm, a charge or command, care;
b;6b <x cu/-«xm o/ic, let the charge
of it be on you ; pea/i cu/i<x;m,
a man of charge.

Cu/i<xm<xc, careful, solicitous, busy.

Cu/tann<ty", care, diligence.

Cu/i<xt<x, courageous.

Cu/tb;^eac, an addition.

, flags, or bulrush.
-, hair.

c, or Co^mac, surnamed
00u;j-te<vmn<x, ancestor of the
Mac Carthys, was king of Des-
mond from the year 1124, after
the death of his uncle Thady,
(elder brother of his father, from
whom the Mac Auliffes,) to the
year 1 138, when he was treache-
rously killed, according to the
Annals of Innisfallen, by Der-
mod Sugoch O'Connor Kerry, at
the instigation of Cu/itoj 0'6/vj-

c u

C 11

en, younger brother of Concuba/t
O'Oftjen na Cata;tac, who was
supreme king of all Munster and
Leinster at the same time. In
an old valuable manuscript of
the four Gospels in Latin, writ-
ten in Irish characters, first be-
longing to the king's library at
Paris, (where Pere Simon igno-
rantly judged it written in the
Saxon character,) but now to be
seen in the British Museum at
London, the following marginal
remark in old Irish is found at
the end of the Gospel of St.
Matthew, p. 60 : ;^ mo/t jn jn;m
Co/tmac GOac Cantxyj bo ma/t-
bab O'Cbonbealbac 0'0/v/a;/?,
i. e. "the killing of CormacMac
Carthy by Turlogh O'Brien is
a very surprising act." At the
end of the book appears the fol-
lowing Irish Note : " O'Ra^b bo
rcael-bfijjtre O'CTJael-uanjj qui
scripsit hunc Ubrum ;n <Tjtbmac
jf an bl;a;n /to ma/tbab Co/imac
fbac Cam:a;£ T^J-Cea^-cop OOu-
roan. Hi ta;b j-eo f]df na
7?;o;£ria an C/teann ^an a;mj-;;t
fO ; i. e. 0}u;,K cea/itac CQac
/Me;l an <fl;uc; Cu-ullab (Eac
Concubajft 71; Ullab ; OOu/ica.
ua (Waeleaclu;nb ^; CD;be;
OQac CDu»ica ;t; La;-
; Concuban 0'0;tj<xjn ;t;j
n ; co;ibealodc O'Concu-
bdt ;t;j Conacc; ^jo^^ ^Ac
CDac t?uj;t; j <x ccomOftbur
; i. e. Pray for fl}ae(-
ua OMel-uanjj, who
wrote this book at Armagh in
the year that Cormac Mac Cart}-,
the Royal Bishop of Munster,
hath been killed. The following
personages are kings in Ireland
at this same time, i. e. GOo/ttrO j
CDac /Me;t, king_ of <T)t;uc, or
Ulidia; cu Ullab CDac Concu-
t, king of Ulster;
147

ua GQaefeac la;m, king of Meath :
(D;anmu;b CDcxc CCu/tca, king oi'
Leinster ; ConcuBa/t O'Omen,
kin^ot'Munster; Co;tlojO'Con-
cul;a;n, kins: of Connau.iiht ; and
3;olla CDac L;aj OOac ?7uj^; j,
successor of St. Patrick at Ar-
magh." It is to be noted, that
this writer had no other founda-
tion for styling Coraiac Royal
Bishop ofMujister than because
he had repaired the cathedral
church of Cashel and two church-
es at Lismore, and was otherwise
reputed a man of a pious and
holy life, which is the character
St. Bernard gives of him in his
book De Jlfa S. Malachite, ac-
cording to Malachy's reports to
him concerning Cormac, to whom
he was doctor and director
during his retreat at Lismore,
after his dethronement by the
faction of his brother Donogh.
By virtue of these marginal re-
marks of the writer of that in-
estimable manuscript I have been
enabled to furnish the keepers
and overseers of the British Mu-
seum with a note, whereby the
antiquity of that manuscript is
ascertained, and fixed at the
year 1138. This Co/tmac (Eac
Ca/ttajg was deposed by his
younger brother £>ono£, assisted
by Turlogh O'Connor, king of
Connaught, an. 1127, and shut
up in a monastery at Lismore ;
but before the end of the same
year he was restored to the
crown of Desmond by Concuba/t
0'0;t;en, and Oonoj was exiled
to Connaught. — fid. Annal.In-
nisfallen, ad an. 1127. This
fact of Co/imac -being restored
by Concuba/t 0'0/vjen is men-
tioned by St. Bernard in Vita
MalachifP, chap. 3. But the par-
ticular reason of the surprise of

c u

c u

ClQaetb/ijgte at the act of Cu/tloj
0'0/v/en towards Cormac Carty,
was because he was Cormac 's
son-in-law and his gossip, be-
sides his having been bred up
from his earliest days at Cor-
mac's court, according to the
friendly custom of the Irish
princes, who often educated each
other's children for riveting mu-
tual confidence and good har-
mony. The fact of these several
ties of friendship between Tur-
logh and Cormac, is attested in
the Annals of Innisfallen at the
year 1138, where it is said that
Turlogh was Clj&majn, £<*;/*-
tyOf-Chp-jOft, and -cUt/iono of
Cormac Mac Carty, i. e. his son-
in-law, his gossip, and his foster-
child. The Chronicon Scoto-
rum and the Continuator of
Tighernach attribute the fact to
Turlogh alone, without any men-
tion of O'Connor Kerry; but
the authors of the Annals of In-
nisfallen are more to be credited
as they wrote in the very centre
of Kerry.

Cu/in, a cup ; vid. co/m.

Cu/iji, a corner, an end ; gu/~ <xn
ccujpfl e;le bon ttxlam, unto the
other end of the earth ; also a
site or situation.

Cu;t/i, a pit.

^x-Cu/ifUXc, a bog or fen ; mojn is
drier ground than what they call
CU;t;l<XC.

Cu/t/tel, plain, manifest.

Cu/tft j<xtan, a bucket.

Cu/i/tta, weary, tired, fatigued.

Cu/y<x, a course or manner, a row,

. rank, or order; cejtfte cu/ipa,
four courses.

bj a curse or malediction ;

bo ;t<xb
cursed them.

a learned man.
a bucket.

cx, he

ji, a courer or messenger ;
also an attendant ; Lat. cursor ;

, i. e. jjolla
jro/i ce^nn Jo^-<x jon
then Pilate sent a messenger
along with Jesus to Galilee.
, a bending or inclining.
, courage.

, an object, a mark to
shoot at.

, diversity.

cb, an objection, or argu-
mentation; from cunDOjji, any
object that may be disputed on.
Cu^p5;ta;be, an opponent.

, to object.
, skin.

e, a tanner.
, ceremonies,, customs.
Cutac, bob-tailed.
Cutal and cutal, bashful ; cu;l,

idem.
Cut<xUa;be, a companion, comrade,

or partner.
Cut, a head.
Cuca, rage, fury, fierceness, &c. ;

cutac, idem.
Cuccxc, furious, raging mad ; leon

cut<xc, a raging lion.
Cuc<x;tecvcb, bashfulness.
Cuta/tldn, an onion, an earth-nut,

or pig-nut.
Cut-ba/i/i, a helmet; vid. cujt-

be;;tt.

CuC-Ba/1/i, the Irish name of St.
Cuthbert ; it is rather Cubea/t-
tac. — Vid. Chronic. Scot, and
Tighernac. Annal.
Cutb<x/iun, a sort of Montero or
Monmouth cap.

MS

REMARKS ON THE LETTER O.

THE letter £>, or OU;H, which is so called frombu;/i, the oak-tree, \*
now the fourth letter of the Irish alphabet, and is ranked by our gramma-
rians among the CftuAb-cOnj-Ojne, or hard consonants; but by adding an
b, or fixing a full-point above it, falls under the denomination of light
consonants, called in Irish confOjnz eab-C;tom<x. In our old manuscript-
b and t; are written indifferently, as cvXftab, or c<Xft<xt, a friend; Ja.b, or
;ac, them, £c. ; and this indifference is common also to the Greeks and
Latins, as Gr. ouSt; and ourij, neque. &c., and Lat. hand and haut, reli-
f/ifit and reliquid, quodannis and quotanms, &c. In the Greek language
the third rank of the mute consonants is T, 8, and 9, the middle conso-
nant B, respectively corresponding to T and 9. Now it is to observed that
in the Irish language any word beginning with tr, will in its variations
admit both b and t, as trjanna, a lord, Lat. tyrannus, and Gr. rvoav-
vog, <x b'tja/tncu their lord, mo cjdnna, my lord, and so on with every
word whose initial letter is t. The Irish b corresponds with the Gr. &
and the Lat. d, as Ir. £>;<x, God, Gr. accusat. A«a and 0£oc, Lat. Dens :
Ir. bea/tcvxb, to see, from bea/ic, the eye ; Gr. Seonio, to see; Ir. bo,
ttco ; Gr. and Lat. Sucu ; Ir. b;^, two persons ; Gr. &c, Lat. bis, twice ;
Ir. beac, or beaj, and be;c, ten; Gr. Stk-a, and Lat. decem. The Irish
b also agress with the Gr. 6, or theta : as, Ir. bo^a^, Angl.-Sax., door,
Gr. Oupas, accusat. plur. This Irish letter agrees in like manner with
the Hebrew T, or dh, which by putting a full-point over it becomes a 1,
(i-id. the general remarks on the letter b,) Ir. b;/^j or b;/t;c, Lat. dirigo,
to direct; Heb. "pi, via, iter, and "pi, dirt' fit viam, tedendit ; Ir.
bu;tle and bujlleoj, the page of a book; Heb. rfyl, folium, pagi nee libri.
The Irish language is industriously censured by some critics for admit-
ting a superfluous b or b in the latter end of several words ; but these
censurers should consider that this redundancy of the letter b was for-
merly observed in the Latin, of which we have a remarkable instance left
us in Fabr. Iss. Antiq. Expl. p. 427 : " Neve in publicod neve in pri-
vatod nevextrad Urbem de Senatuos Sententiad, &c." And we find a
near coincidence of that redundancy in the Hebrew language ; for as in
the infinitive mood of several Irish verbs, such as jreaUvXb, to deceive,
laLfallere, be<x/tc<xb, to see, Gr. Sepicw, b and its aspirate b are not pro-
nounced ; thus in the Hebrew n*O, to see, nV, to toil or labour. $c., the
final letter n> or //, is not pronounced, but like the Irish b, becomes a
mute or quiescent letter. Many other examples of redundancies, both
of consonants and vowels, as also of barbarous forms of words in the old
Latin tongue, may be produced from Signor Febretti's collections of an-
cient Roman Inscriptions, and other w Tilings ; and this barbarity of the
Latin we may trace down to the time of the first Latin poets, such as
Ennuis and Naevius ; nay even as far as Plautus, in whose time the Ro-
mans did not think themselves entitled to be excluded out of the number
of the barbarian nations, since this poet not only calls Naevius Poeta JBar-
barttx. but also says of himself, on occasion of his version of a piece of
Greek into Latin, M. Atticus (for that was his name, Plautu* being only
a nick-name,) verlit barbare ; whence it appears that Festus Pompeius
149

REMARKS ON THE LETTER (D.

was well-founded in saying, that anciently all nations, excepting the
Grecians, were called Barbarians. But the proud Greeks should in
gratitude have excepted the Phoenicians, from whom they had received
tlie knowledge of letters, and the Egyptians, to whom they owed their
theology and mythology. And indeed the Latin may justly be looked
upon as a mere Barbarian language, when it was written in such a style
as appears in the following lines : " Quom ea res consoleretur, iovsisent
censuere homines Pius V. oinversei virei, atque mulieres sacra nequis-
quam fecisse velet, neve inter ibei virei Pious duobus, mulieribus Pious
tribus adesse velent, nisi de P. R. Urbani, Senatuosque Sententiad utei
supra scriptum est Haice utei in conventionid ex deicatis ne minus trinum
noundinum Senatuosque, &c." — Fabr. ibid. p. 427. These two samples
of the old Latin are enough to demonstrate that the language of the pri-
mitive Romans, much-famed as they have been, was at least as much
charged with redundant consonants at the end of words as the Irish is
thought to be : and if those who censure it for such redundancies of con-
sonants did but look back and consider the kind of jargon their ancestors
spoke and wrote about four or five hundred years since, and even to the
end of Queen Elizabeth's reign, they could not but acknowledge it to be
a much more uncouth and rude language than the Irish ever hath been.
It is a well-known fact that the sons or grandsons of the chiefs and
leaders of those English who adventured into Ireland on the expedition
in favour of the king of Leinster, and made settlements there under the
protection of that prince, became so disgusted with their own native lan-
guage, that they utterly abandoned and forgot it, and spoke no other
than the Irish ; insomuch that the English government judged it neces-
sary to order an act of Parliament, whereby the English who settled in
Ireland were strictly forbidden the use of the Irish language under cer-
tain penalties. To all which I shall add, that those censurers of the
Irish language for a pretended redundancy of consonants, betray their
want of knowledge concerning the true marks of the perfection and anti-
quity of languages, of which marks the most essential is the preservation
of radical letters, which are properly the consonants. And in this very
point the learned Mr. Lhuyd gives the Irish the preference of perfection
before all the other dialects of the Celtic tongue, as may be seen in his
Archseologia, pag. 23. col. 1. But it is moreover to be observed, that in
reality there are no redundant or superfluous consonants in the words of
the Irish language, though there are some that are not properly radicals,
originally belonging to the frame of the words they are found in : of
these non-radicals there are two sorts ; the one consisting of consonants
that are merely adventitious, of which there has been a good deal said in
the remarks on the letter <C ; I mean those consonants that are thrown in
between two vowels belonging to two different syllables. But as those
adventitious consonants have the sanction not only of antiquity, but also
of examples in Greek and Latin, and, I dare say, in most other ancient
languages, they are not to be counted superfluous ; especially as they are
of particular use in easing the voice by preventing a disagreeable hiatus.
Another kind of adventitious consonants is frequently found at the be-
ginning of words, particularly when those words have a reference to per-
150

o

sons or things ; as in the words a n'bojftne, their fists, d;t n'boca;", our
hope, a g'cjnn, their heads, where the consonants n and £ are naturally
foreign to the words they are prefixed to, though the nature of the lan-
guage absolutely requires their being prefixed in such circumstances ; but
the .other sort of consonants, which are not properly radicals, are yet
neither adventitious nor foreign to the nature of the words, but do rather
necessarily arise from the inflections of nouns and verbs, and therefore
cannot be redundant. Nor do those non -radical consonants clog the lan-
guage, or render it disagreeable in its use ; inasmuch as they are either
mollified, or rendered entirely mute or quiescent by the aspirate b, ex-
cepting only the consonant brought in as an initial, which is always pro-
nounced ; but then it eclipses the radical consonant, to which it is pre-
fixed, so that the word is pronounced as if that radical had no existence,
though all radical initials are religiously preserved in the writing, for tho
sake of preserving the original structure and propriety of the language :
a method which that candid and learned Welshman, Mr. Lhuyd, highly
commends, and shows the abuses which the non-observance of it by the
Welsh writers has occasioned in their language. — Vid. Archceol. p. 23.
col. 1.

b rf b it

bd, unto her or his, unto their;
ex. tug fj bd f ea/t e, she gave
it unto her husband; bd ca/ta
jrejn, to his own friend ; bd
najmbjb, to their foes: where
note that bd is a contraction of
bo a, as bd jrea-t is properly bo
a pea/i, bd carta is bo <x ca/ia,
b<x na;ri)b;b is bo <x na;mb;b,
vid. a, his, her, their.

Od, of or from his, hers, or their ;
ba cO)f, from off his foot ; pro-
perly bo a cojf, de pede, bd
Cftejbeamujn. of her reputation,
&c.

A, or bo, two; ba bt;dja;n beag,
twelve years.

bd, if; ba nbdo/iu;b d;t ccoju^
f)nn, if our conscience condemns
us.

<Dd, is sometimes a sign of a parti-
ciple, as bd jd/tab, asking, be-
seeching.

(Dd, as bd cojf, (going) on foot.

(Da, good : sometimes written ba j
and beaj, (vid. (Dja, God,)
ba-bd/t, a good or hopeful son.
151

c, a tub or large vessel, a vat,
particularly used in brewing ;
pronounced douch, for ab and
ob, and very often o j, are pro-
nounced like QIC in English in
the beginning and middle of
words.

t>aba,rt and boba/i-^Ojbeac, a buck-
et, a picher.

t>abab, a jot, a whit, a trifle, some-
what ; njt a babab, not a jot : it
is pronounced babam.

(Dde, a man, a person.

(Dde, or bua, a high ditch or wall.

(Dde, a house ; j\)0 j-bde, a pa-
lace.

(Dde, a hand; pio fjn a bde, he
stretched forth his hand.

(Dd-j:0 jfyt, i. e. two vowels joined
in one syllable, a diphthong ;
plur. bd f oga/tu;j and bd-jro ja-
;taca.

bd j, good ; bd and bed j, idem.

bd^a^, wind.

baib^at, the ancient name of the
place now called -ct^bpndn, si-
tuate on the banks of the river

6

Suir.

a;bl;aT, potius bajm-ljaj, a
church ; pi; bu;ll;n <xn ba;m-
Ij&j, on the pinnacles of the
church.

ba;ce, oi' or belonging to a tribe,
&c.

Oajb, afather ; mo b<x;b, my father,
Wei. dad, hence the English
dada; its diminutive is bdjbjn ;
Ann. tat, Cor. to/ and taz,
Rhaet. bab, and Turc. baba.
x;bb;^, poor, or more properly,
not rich ; its opposite is px;bb;/-t,
rich, abounding; pxjbbj/i acaf
b<x;jbb;;t bon c^ie, rich and poor
belong to the earth, i. e. by
death. This word ba;bb;/i is
but the negative of pxjbbj/i, and
is formed by a violent contrac-
tion ofbo-y-<x;bbj;i orbj-p*;bb;/i,
compounded of bo or bj, signify-
ing not or un, and prjbbjfi, rich.
Here it is to be noted, that our
grammarians reckon ten negative
particles in the Irish language,
which are ne<xm, <xn, <xm, eab,
eag, e<x/-, b;, bo, jn or jnj, m; ;
all these negatives enter as pre-
fixes into compound words,
wherein they frequently occasion
a suppression of the initial radi-
cals of the words they are pre-
fixed to, as it happens in many
of the words subjoined to the
preposition com.

b<x;jr, drink; 710 51 <x b<xjjr, he
quaffed his drink.

j and bo; je, hope, confidence ;
ex. b;ob bo b<xjj ujle y<xn
C;<x/tn<x, let all your hope be in
the Lord.
, fire.

t<x^, fuel.

ba;jc;nnm;ol, enamelling.

pa) jecxb, a giving or delivering.
, to give ; Lat. do, dare.
b, ^z^osz b<xj-e<xb, or <IT<X,
a good time or opportunity ; also
152

great odds.

Oa n; JJID, to establish.

, a decree, an ordinance.
, delay, respite.

ba;l, a share or portion ; bujl alsi> *.
means the same thing in the
Gothic. — Vid. Glossar. Gothic.

Oa;l a particular or separate tribe ;
as, bal-c<x;^, the race^ of Co/1-
mac Caff, 6al-o./i/tcx;be, (Dal-
f Jatac, &c.

ba;l, desire, willingness.

Oa;l, a meeting ; mSfi-bctjl, an as-
sembly or convention ; bajt catvx,
a pitched battle.

t>a;leab, tradition.

b<x;le;r>, a scoff.

ba;l;m, to give, to deliver; hence
<xc<x;/t bal<x, he that gives in mar-
riage ; also to afford, to render,
&c. ; <xtr<vjri bata, the bride-
groom's man.

bailee, dealt, parted, or divided. *

ba;lt;n, the diminutive of b<xlt<x,
a Jackanapes, an impertinent,
insignificant fellow, a puppy.

e<ty-, or bajltjneact, scur-
rility, impertinence.

Oa;m, kindred, consanguinity; also
a gang or company.

b<x;m, rectius bom, a house ; Lat.
domus ; hence bajmtjag, any
church made of stone -work.

ba;m, assent, free-will ; bom b<vjm,
with my assent, voluntarily.

ba;m, a poet, a learned writer ;
Gr. Sarjjuwv, a learned or know-
ing man, coming from <?mw, sc/o,
which as well as the Heb. ny*T,
scientia, seems to corrcsjtond
with the Irish adjective becxj,
good; as beaj-bu;ne, a good
man ; plur. bam<x and ba;me,
poets.

ba;meac, a companion, or asso-
ciate.

ba;m-e<xs<xn, a frontispiece.

bajm-peojl, beef; literally the
flesh of oxen.

b rf

ba;m;ac, potent in relations.

ba;m-l;a5, a church; bajm-ljaj
Qartan, the Cathedral Church
of St. Ciaran at Clonmacnois.

ba;nty-;n, a damson-plum.

ba;n and buna, the gen. of ban, a
poem ; ex. gne band, a kind of
poem ; f e<x^t ba;n, a poet.

bajngean, sure, fast, close, secure,
sometimes written ba;r)j;on.

Oajnjean, a fortification, fort, or
tower; bajngean, the town of
Dingle in the most western part
of Ireland, in the County of
Kerry.

bajngean and ba;nj;r>, an assu-
rance, a contract.

ba;njneacb, a bulwark, a fast-
ness.

ba;/7jn; j;m, to fasten, to confirm,
to establish ; bajngnmm mo
cu/iftab ^;b/~e, I establish my
covenant with you ; bo bajngn; j
me an bu;ne pio b; <x bponc an
baj^- jonna c/te;bjOm, I confirm-
ed the dying man in his faith ; j
bo ba;ngn; j fe na cat/taca, he
fortified the cities.

t, the oak-tree; Brit. cfar.

, a kind of worm, some think
the black worm.

, an oak; also a nursery
or grove of oak-trees ; Lat. quer-
cetut/i.

ba;/ie, the proper name of several
ancient kings of Ireland, corres-
ponding perfectly with Darius.

Oa;/te, the genit. of bajft, an oak-
tree ; also a wood.

bajfieab, bo a^t ba;^e<xb, a cow
that is a bulling.

(Dajftt, a clod.

(Da;fttr, a young cow or heifer.

(Dajftteac, full of clods.

b<x;^;n, a writing-desk.

(Da;te, coloured.

(Dojtedn, for b<x;bean, a foster-
father.

t, quick, nimble, active, supple;
153

t;, iflem ; hence ba;c;, or
ba;c;je, the name of several
persons, as bojc; GOac pjacjta,
&c.

ba;ce, revenge.
bajtea jab, revenue.
ba;ceam<x;l, likely, comely, hand-
some ; bacama/t, idem; literally
well-coloured.
bctjce<iml<xcb, comeliness.

, eloquence, a speech, or
remonstrance.

, unanimously, with one
accord ; j\o jecdl /-;ab bard^j,
they unanimously agreed and
promised.

, an avenger.

ba;rle, i. e. bo a;tte, after ; t-id.
<x;cle.

Oa;trn;b, sorry, bad for ; a^ ba;c-
n;b bam a ba^% I am sorry for
his death ; it is bad for ine he
died.

Oal, a division, portion, or lot ;
also a particular tribe of people,
together with the country or re-
gion belonging to such a tribe ;
hence

Oal-a;tajbe, a large territory in
Ulster, comprehending the S.
and S. E. parts of the County of ^
Antrim, and the greatest parts of
the County of Down : it derived
its name from pjaca-a'ta;be of
the Ruderician race, king of
Ulster, towards the middle of
the third century ; from him de-
scended the G0ac-a-ba;^b, Eng.
Ward, and the 0'Oubaja;n,
Eng. Dugan. — V. Ogyg. p. 327.

bal-pacac, another large territory
in Ulster, so called from p;atac-
pjnn, king of Meath, soon after
the beginning of the third cen-
tury, (Ogyg. p. 301.) whose pos-
teritv settled in that territory.

-, the tribe or race of Co-t-
-. king of Leacmoj. i. e.
u

btf

6 if

of Munster and Leinster in the
third century, from whom de-
scended the O'Briens, the Mac-
namaras, the Mac Mahons of
Thomond, &c.

aba, a large territory in
Ulster, possessed by a tribe,
which were distinguished by the
same name, and of whom the
Dal-Riadas, or Dal-Rheudins,
as Bede calls them, of Albany
or Scotland, were only a detach-
ment or party, which settled
amongst the Picts of Albania, or
North Britain, under the con-
duct of Fergus, a young prince
of the Irish Dalriadian family in
the year 503, according to the
Annals of Tighernach. — Fid.
Memoire de M. de C. Journal
des Savans, an. 1764.

, a relation, or historical fact ;
ye<xnc<xy bal<x, genealogical re-
lations.

bal<x, news; also meetings, con-
ventions, assemblies.

, as to, as for ; bala no. OOuJro-
ne<xc, as to the Momonians ;
bcxl<x <xn c<xt<x, concerning or as
to what regards the battle ; also
like unto; bo /t;nne ye bala
cac, he acted like the rest.

bcvl<x, an oath.

<Dala, Sl;ge bala, a place near
Boiris of Ossery in the Queen's
County; Cnoc no. (Data, a hill
in Kintire, where meetings were
anciently held.

balxx, O'bata, a family name very
respectable in Ireland ; whereof
there are several septs descended
from different stocks, viz. the
Q'Dalys of Munster, who sprung
from the third son of Jjlngus,
king of Cashel, who was bap-
tized by St. Patrick ; the O'Dalys
of Ulster, of whose branch there
were several kings of Meath,
and who are of the same stock
154

with theO'Donels of Tyrconnell :
of these O'Dalys of Ulster the
O'Dalys of Connaught are a
branch, who, according to Mr.
Harris, (vol. 2. p. 50,) were co-
partners with the O'Kellys in
the large district of Hy-Maine.
The late and present O'Dalys,
celebrated oracles of the Irish
and English laws, are the chiefs
of this Conacian branch of the
great O'Dalys of Ulster, the di-
rect posterity of Con<xl "&oiban,
son of fM;<xt ^1<xo;j;<xl<xc, king
of Meath in the fourth century ;
and the O'Dalys of Meath, of
the posterity of |M;<xl |M<xom<x-
lac, by his son GQ<x;ne. — rid.
Ogyg. p. 401.

bala/jjm, to assign or appoint.

b<xlan be, a butterfly.

balan, a great bulk.

ballon clojce, any great or large
stone, whereof many were erected
by the old Irish throughout all
Ireland as monuments of some
remarkable achievements, with
inscriptions on the same to ex-
plain the facts; all written mostly
in their oghams, or occult manner
of writing, not unlike the Egyp-
tian hieroglyphics, which were
in like manner inscribed on large
stones, on obelisks or pyramids,
and which could be explained
by none but their priests, as the
Irish oghams were by none but
sworn antiquaries, or perhaps
their Druidish priests.

balb, a lie, an untruth, or false-
hood.

b<xlbba, sorcery.

ball, blind, puzzled.

bo.U<j.b and ball<x;m, to blind, to
blindfold, or puzzle.

baU-;nt;nne<xc, dull-witted, fool-
ish, heavy.
, a leech.
and btxltan, a foster-child,

b<r

a disciple.

baltac, betrothed.
-f bamajfce, damage, detriment,
harm.

bamanta, condemned, damned.
-f- bam, an ox ; Lat. dama, a buck;
bam allta, a wild bull, a buffalo ;
j:;ab-bam, a buck, or stag.

bam, the dative case, unto me, i. e.
bo am.

bamab, permission, liberty-.

bamab and bamajm, to permit,
suffer, or allow.

baman, an ox or bull.

baman alia, a spider; potius bu-
ban alia.

, dancing.

i. e. bo prjtngeaba/i,
they forbear.

bamlan, an ox-stall, or a place for
oxen to stand in.

bamna, the matter out of which
any thing is or may be formed :
when spoken of a prince, as
fi;oj-bamna, it signified a fit
successor or presumptive heir of
the crown among the Irish ;
which generally was the right
of the Thanist, or eldest prince
of the family. A modern able
writer thinks jvjo j-bamna means
king-elect; in which he mis-
takes the sense of his author,
O'Flaherty. who positively af-
firms that the presumptive suc-
cessor was the Thanaiste, and
that every one of the rest of the
family that may be fit candidates
for the succession were called
T?joj-bamna, which he explains
by regia materies apta ad reci-
piendam regiam formam suce
familicp. — Ogyg. p. 58. The
Thanist, i. e. the next in age and
merit to the reigning prince,
being one of his nearest kinsmen
of the same name and blood,
was generally looked upon as
the future successor, agreeably
155

to the Tanistic custom ; but as
to a formal election in favour of
any prince before the demise of
the actual sovereign, not one in-
stance of such a measure appears
throughout the whole course of
our old Annals.

bamnab, a band, or tie.

bam-naritrajbe, a bullock.

bam-Ojbe, a doctor or teacher.

bampupa, a school-master.

bam^a, dancing; pie bam^a;j;b, -
with dances.

bampx; jjm, to dance.

bam^oj/t, a dancer.

bamta and bamama;l, a student.

bamnu; jjm and bamujnt, to damn,
to condemn; noc bamnujjecy,
who condemnest; bajmneocu;b
^•;<xb, they shall condemn.

ban, work.

ban, fate, destiny; bo bj fe <x
n'ban bam, it was my fate, &c.

ban, a poem, &c. ; an bafl^o, this
song.

bana, bold, impetuous ; hence tho
old Celtic name of the Danube,
which is ban-ou, the bold im-
petuous river; oba, or obu;n,
pronounced oua and oujn in
the Irish Celtic, signifies a ri-
ver ; amu;n is another Irish Cel-
tic word for a river ; Lat. amnis.

bana, impudent, presumptuous.

ban-a/t£;b, money-worth, goods.

banalojnj;o^, a fleet or squa-
dron.

bcinacb, boldness, presumption ;
also confidence; a ta banacb,
or bana; jeacb agaro <x;/i, I can
make free with him.

bana; jjm, to dare, to adventure.

bana;/t, a stranger, a foreigner;
properly a Dane ; ban pj;t,Danes.

ban at:, a nurse.

banba, fatal.

bant, a morsal, portion, or share.

baoc and bacoj, a periwinkle, or
sea-snail.

b cT

baocatl, a bit or morsal.

baoj, a man.

bao;l, a leech.

baojne, men, mankind ; the plur.
of bu;ne; baojne jaojl, rela-
tions; bao;nceap, relations, those
of the same stock.

bao;n-c;neal, of one and the same
family.

baojneac, populous.

baoj/t-jrjne, a subjected people,
subjects.

Oa5jfi-£joUA, a slave.

bao;/t-mea/"ba, tucb baoj/troea^-
ba, task-masters.

bao;/t^e and ba6;/t^eacb, dearth,
scarcity.

bao^tj-e, captivity ; a n'bao;/t^e,
in bondage.

Oao;;i^;n, captivity, bondage.

baol, a bug, a chafer.

Oaoma;pm, to ruin or demolish.

Ocxdn, to raise up ; also to ascend.

baona, human; an c;ne baona,
mankind ; bao/iba, ?We?«.

baonacb, civility, hospitality ; also
humanity; bjabact; <xju^ bao-
nacb, divinity and humanity.

baon co/7, the moral of a fable.

Oaonj:u;l, kin, allied, related.

baoji jao;b;le, moral philosophy.

baonnacb, v«V/. baonacb.

£)aonn<xcbac, civil, liberal, hu-
mane.

£>aor)tOftfta;jte<x^, of the same
birth.

£)<x6/i, guilty, condemned, captive.
* Oao^i, dear, precious, costly.

£)<x6;i<x;m, to condemn, to con-
vict.

£><x6/i<x/ioi, a slave.

£)ao/i-<ji/i;ia,dear goods, dear ware.

(")<io/t-bob(xc, a slave.

O<v6/i5glac, a slave.

£)<xo/it<x, condemned, convicted.

^ao^ja^^luaj, the lowest rank
of men, the plebeians.

£><xotajn, a sufficiency ; bua; j ^e
c\ baot<x;n, he eat a sufficiency.
156

b cf

ba/t, by, or through, upon ; b<\;t

txnum p/)afi<xob, by the life of

Pharaoh ; Lat. per.
ba/i, whose, whereof; ne<xc ba/t

bajnm C6j<xn, a certain man

whose name was Owen, i. e.

necxc bo <x/t bub <x;nm, &c.
ba;t, unto our ; ba/t cclo;nn pejn,

i. e. bo fyt cclo;nn fejn, to our

own children.
b<Xft, ba/t t;om, I think, in my opi-

nion ; ba/t leo, in their opinion.
ba/ta, the second; <xn ba^<x la,

the second day ; ba/tnd, the

same, vulgarly said.
ba/tab, whose, vid. ba/t.
ba/tabal, an oak-apple, galls.
ba/tac be/tj and ba/toj, an oak ;

Wei. deniy Arm. ofaro, genit.

Oa/ta;/tjr)e jeab, thought.
ba/ta;/tjne j;m, to think.

^-, a home, a dwelling;

Oa/tb, a worm, a reptile.

ba/tb, a coach or chariot.

ba/tca;n, a mast or acorn ; <xj
ba/tca/iab, gathering acorns.

ba/tcujje, ((bac-ba/tcu;je,) a
family-name in Connaught of
the same stock with the O'Con-
nors and O'Rourks, and whose
ancient estate was the large ter-
ritory called Cjneat Luaca;n, in
the County of Leitrim. N. B.
This Irish name ba/tcu;je is
pronounced Durchuy, almost the
same in sound as Darcy.

ba/tbal, bad weather, severe time.
PI. ex. F.

ba/tn, a school. — PL

ba/t/t;o ja, above or beyond kings.

ba/tt, to bull a cow ; ju/t bajjtt
bo;n, that the cow was bulled.

ba/ttan, a herd or drove; Laf.
armentum; ba/ttan bo, a herd

. of kine.

ba/tt/ta;be, in the County of Ros-
common, the country of the

O'Fins, the Mac Flanchas, and
a tribe of the O'Carrols.

£)a;-acb, fierceness, boldness.

£)<ty-acbac, compar. b<ty-acbaj je,
presumptuous, assuming, imper-
tinent.

(Data, pleasant, handsome, agree-
able.

(Datan, a foster-father.

£>at, colour ; bat b/tejge, a dis-
guise, a false show, a bastard

- die; bata eaj^amla, various
colours.

(Datab, dying, a tincture.

£)atab, a present, or favour.

£>atabo;ft, a dyer.

£>at<x;m, to dye, to colour.

£>atamtacb, honour, respect, de-
cency ; also comeliness.

£>atama;<-, decent.

<Dataroa;l, pleasant.

(Dat-clobac, party-coloured.

£>atna;b, a foster-mother.

£>atu jab, a dying, or colouring.

£>atugab and batajm, to dye or
colour; a^ na batujab bea^tj,
dyed red.

(De, whence, from whence ; also

thereof, i. e. bo e, of it.
v£)e, the genitive case of £);a, God,

rid. (D;a.

- <De, the genitive of b;a, a day, vid.
bja. m

£)eabab, haste, speed ; be;n beaba,
make haste.

£)eabab, beabajb, and bejbeab, a
skirmish, a battle, or encounter ;
pi. beabtajb, and bejbte, Angl.
Saxon, debate.

£)eaba;m, to hasten ; also to battle,
encounter, or skirmish.

£)eabtac and beabtac, contentious,
litigious.

£)eaca;/t, strange, wonderful.

£)eaca;;t and beaclac, hard, diffi-
cult ; beacaj/t le beanam, hard
to be done.

£)eaccanac, a Dane.

better; ba be<xc, i. e. ba
157

this seems to be the
comparative degree of the word
ba or ba j, good.

^)eacab, to go to, to reach; 50
nbeacab me, that I may go.

£)eaca;/t, bealujab, a separating.

beacaj/t, to follow.

£>eaca;;t, brightness ; also bright,
glittering.

£)eacbab, a law.

(Deacmab, the tenth ; also tithe.

(Deacmu jab, a tithing.

£)cacnama/i, a decade; also the
number ten ; be;cn;u/t, idem.

(Deacmo/tab, courtesy, aftabilit}'.

beacna, separated.

£)eac/iab, anger, indignation.

beact, divinity, Godhead ; nj
c^ejb^-eab jn p/t-beact na
Cft;ono;be pj^te, non credebant
in veram Deitatem, &c.

beacta, dictates, doctrine, or in-
struction.

£)eacta;m, to teach or instruct, to
suggest or dictate ; also to order
or enact ; also to debate.

£>eacta; jte, taught, instructed.

£)eact6jft, a dictator, a teacher.

(Deactac, hard, difficult.

(Deacmajc, difficult, hard.

Oeacmaj/ig, strange, miraculous.

£)eac;ia, more hard or difficult,
the comparat. of beacajft.

fc>eac/tacb, difficult}', hardship.

£)eab, or beat, a tooth, sometimes
put for the jaw ; Lat. dens, dcn-
tis ; sometimes it implies ivory ;
ex. jona b^anajb beab, with
ivory men, speaking of chess-
game.

£)eab, meet, proper, decent, be-
coming ; ma/t a^" beab, as is
meet; also kind for, or here-
ditary; bub beab bojb atftac-
ta;^ bo beunam, it was kind for
them to do brave actions.

£>eabacb, godliness, religion.

freabajl, a releasing.

(Deabbal, wretched, woful.

6 e

a moth.

£>eabo;l, or beajujl, the sepa-
ration of night and day, the
dawn of day; be<xbojl n<x ma;b-
ne.

£)e<xbta, bold, confident.
£)eabl<xj-, confidence.
CDeajro ja/i<xc, a diphthong.
£>e<xgar><xc, a Dane ; Lat. decanus.
(Deaj, (O'cDeaj,) the name of a
family of the Dalcassian stock,
whose ancient estate was the ter-
ritory called Qneal pecifimajc,
otherwise Qt;oc<x Uact<Xji<xc<x,
in Thomond.

j, bd. j or ba, in the beginning
of compound words signifies
well, good, fair, as beaj-a/ta^,
a good house; be<xj-l<xba/tt<x,
well-spoken ; be<XT-cne;brr)e<xc,
faithful.

t, swift or nimble.
to recall.

, a chronicler, anti-
quary.

eajarxxc or be;j;n;oc, late, last;
50 be<xjn<xc, lately ; pxn mbl;a-
beajnac, in the last year.
e<x^, civility.
<!>e<XT-bla;-t-<x, toothsome, dainty,

well-relished.

£)e<xj-bol<xc, sweet- seen ted.
<Deaj-bolt<xn, a sweet smell, fra-

grancy, odour.
£)eo j-pocl<xc, fair spoken.
(De<xla salutation.

, conversant, well-
spoken, eloquent ; bea j-l

t>e<xj-laba/it:<xc, an orator.
t>e<xj-mo.;^eac, comely, hand-

some, beautiful.
(^eAJ-md;/-; j;m, to adorn.
^)e<xj-m<xj^u j<xb, an ornament.
£)e<x j-me;^ne<xc, confident, hearty,

bea j-iT)ej^ne<xiT)ujl, w/ew.
^)e<xjn<xc, the last.
£)ea£n<xb, frost.
be<xj-o;bear<xc, discreet.
158

(5e<xj-o/ib;ujt:e, prudent, provi-
dent, well ordered or regulated.

pea^/icvjbjm, to love sincerely.

Oea^-tojl, benevolence.

Oe<x j-te;^b, a good report, a fair
character ; also good news.

Oeaj-to;le<xc, favourable, friend-
ly, bearing good will.

Oeaj-u<x;/<, an opportunity; also
an acceptable time, or favourable
juncture.

^eajla 50, for fear that, lest that.

£)eta.jt, wind.

£)e<xjte<xc, windy.

£)e<xl<i, kindred, friendship.

Oe<xl<x, a refusing or denial.

£)e<xla, a cow's udder.

Oealcxcb, a divorce, or separation.

Oealun, a coal.

£>e<xlan be, a butterfly.

Oealb and be;tb, the countenance,
face, or figure of man or beast ;
Wei. delu and deluad.

Oealb, poor, miserable ; bu;ne
be<xlb, an indigent man.

Oealb, an image, a statue ; betxlb-
mu;^te, the image of the blessed
Virgin Mary; bealb <xn b«x;^,
the image or picture of death.

£>e<xlb<xc, resembling ; hence Co/t-
beatbac, the proper name of se-
veral great personages of the old
Irish, signifying a person who
resembles Thar, the German
name of Jupiter.

£>ealba, a framing or fashioning.

£)e<xtb<xb&n, a mould.

Oealbrxx, the name of several ter-
ritories of Ireland, in different
provinces, so called from LUJT-
(Dealbcxob, a prince of the Dal-
cassian race in the fourth cen-
tury, whose posterity settled in
them territories: they were se-
ven in number, according to our
topographers : £)e<xlbn<x- mo/i, the
lordship of O'l?;n<xU<xn, dispos-
sessed by Hugo de Lacy towards
the end of the twelfth century,

who granted the same to Gilbert
de Nugent, whose posterity be-
came Barons of £)e<xl5n<x, Eng.
Delvin, and afterwards Earls of
Westmeath. 2. £)e<xlbn<x-beg,
situate also in Westmeath, the
estate of OTOoel-caUa;!]. 3.
£)e<xlb'na-e<itfia, now in the
King's County, the estate of the
O'Coglans. 4. £)eat5n<x-tean
(Co;, somewhere in Meath, other-
wise called ^)ealbn<x-;a^tr<Xft, the
estate of O'Scotu; j. 5. 6e<xl!5-
n<x-/iu<xb<xt;, now of the County
of Roscommon, of whose pro-
prietors I find no mention. 6.
C!)ealbna-cu;l£eu.b"<x;ft, and 7.
£)eo.tb'n<x-j:eab, botii in Con-
naught, the latter to the west of
Galway, between the two lakes
of Lough-Curb and Lough-Lur-
gan.

OealKcac, pleasant.

£)e<xU>t6jft, a statuary.

£)e<xlb't6;/teactr, delineation, &c.

Oealbu^*, misery, poverty ; njt <xco
<xct <in be<xlbu^, they have no-
tliing but misery.

(Dealj, a thorn, a skewer, a bod-
kin.

£)e<xt5<xc, sharp-pointed, prickly,
stinging.

(^ealjamtu., scorpions. — 2 Chron.
10. 14.

£>eal5n<\;be, unjust, unlawful ;
also a rebel or outlaw.

£)e<xlft<xb, brightness, splendour.

Oe<xlftcib<xc, bright, shining ; also
likely, like to.

Oealft<x;b;m, to shine, to grow
bright.

Oealujjjm, to part, to separate ;
also to depart, to quit, or go
away; bo beatujj 7-6 ;t;u, he
departed from them; bealoca
me ;ab, I will separate or di-
vorce them. This verb hath
both an active and passive signi-
fication ; the old Greek verb
159

Stt\etv is of the same origin,
which signifies divide-re, sepa-
rare.

£)e<xlu;jte, divorced, parted, se-
parated ; b;lle beolu; jre, a bill
of divorce.

£)e<xm<xl, a demon, or evil spirit.
(Deamon or beamon, an evil spirit ; •

Gr. ^aifjLwv, and Lat. dfemon.
£)e<xm, want, lack.

<xnftujn, a mystery.
)n<x, rid. b;omo.jn.
, or beann, colour.
£)e<xnacb<ic, vehement, grievous;

jo be<xn<xcb<*c, bitterly,
feeanab and bean<xm, an action or
deed; bob beajKXm^o, of thy
making.
CDeantvm, to do, to act, to work, to

make.

(Deanam, come away, go on ; age-
dura; teunam, idem.
, a space, a while.
jpe, a chaldron.
(!)ea/ictob<xc, of changeable co-
lours.
C!)ecxnm<x, tucb beanmo. mo.;c, doers

of good.

£)ea/im<xb, an effect.
CDeanirKJ.^, an effect.
Oeann, colour, figure, &c.
, to colour.

and genit. beantu;^e,
rhjTning, poetry ; luce bean-

, rhymers, poetasters.
, a daughter. —
, a denial, a refusal, &c.
, great, large, prodigious,
aft, or beu^t, or beo^t, drops or
tears ; tob<x^t bea/i, a fountain of
tears. This word is written in-
differently with <x, o, and u, shows
that these three vowels were
written indifferently for each
other.

fretytd, remark or notice. This
word seems to be an auxiliary,
and is so added to several verbs,
as, taU<x;ri jra bed;t<x, remark or

6 e

6 C

take notice ; tug ye pi bea;t<x
o/ita, he commanded or obliged
them ; bo bea/t pi bea./ia, I will
cause, or bring to pass; also I
shall take notice.

ye, he would say, vid.
be;/t;m.

Oeo.;t<xo;r)te<xc, despairing.

tbe, signs or tokens ;
t/tat bea/tb<x;;tbe o;le
cuc<x, <xjuy njfi c/te;b y;<xb, the
time of signs appeared to them,
yet they believed not.

£)ed./ib, sure, certain, true; 50
bea/ib, truly, indeed.

Oea/ib, peculiar, particular.

(Dea/ib, i. e. cu;nneoj, or

a churn, a madder or milking-
pail ; m'o^a /te bo n<x be;/ibe :
If o n& be;be /i;y <xn 5/1 Jan,
i. e. mo cluay ;ie cluay na cu;n-
neojje: ;y cluay na cu;nneo;je
jtjy <xn j/t^n ; vid. <X5<xll<xii) na
no;nb;beab.

£>e<x/ib<xb and bea/tb^cb, expe-
rience, trial.

£)e<x/tb<xb and be<x/ib<x;m, to try or
experience, to prove ; bo bea/tb
ye ;<xb, he proved them ; also to
avouch, to aver, or assert.

, a proverb.
, a touchstone.

£)e<x/ibarm, a maxim, an axiom.

(Dea/tb/icicaj/t, a brother; bea/t-
b;iat<x;;t <J.ta^i, an uncle; bea/t-
b^iat<x;/i mo.t:<x/i, avunculus, the
former being patruus.

t>ea/ib/ta;t:;te(Xcb, a fraternity, so-
ciety ; be<X;tb/iac<x/xbo.cb, the
same.

i, a sister.

sure, certain, expe-
rienced, tried ; jrea/i bed/ibc<x, a
man of experience.

£)e<x/tbt:<icb, experiment.

^)e<i/tbuj<xb, alleging, protesting,
or affirming; also an oath or
swearing.

£)ea/ibu j<xb, to swear ; vul. be<x/t-
160

, the eye.

, a grave, a cave, or grotto.
Oea;ic<xb<xU, an oak-apple, or

galls.
t>eo.^c<x;m and be<x/tc<xb, to see, to

behold ; Gr. StpKu, video.
Oe<x/tcn<xc, goodly, likely, hand-
some.

and be<x/ij^n, crimson,
red ; j:eo;l betx/ij, raw meat or
flesh.

efyig, i-Oc-beafij, a large lake
to the north of Enniskillen in
the County of Fermanagh in
Ulster.

, to make red, to paint
a crimson or purple colour, to
blush ; also to kindle or burn ;
bo beoL/igab n<x ymea/iojbe /t;y,
coals were kindled therewith.

, to make or prepare ;
ex. bo beo,/ig<xb <x ;omba, his
bed was prepared.

, the fish called breame.
i, a flea.

, purple or crimson.
.y<xb, red hot, flaming.
£)eoi/im<xb and bea/imab<x; je, for-

getfulness.
£)e<x/"ino<xb<xc and beoi/iirxxbama;!,

forgetful.

^)e<x/im<x;l, huge, very great.
£>ea/irT)<x;/i, is an adjective, which
implies very great, excessive, ex-
traordinary, violent, vehement;
g/iab bea/tm<x;/i, passionate love ;
/to jab ton/iay <xzuy petx/tj
bea/i?fi<x;;t e, he fell into a ter-
rible passion and anger. — Vid.
<fg<xll. no. ^1o;r)b;be<xb. S;oc
bea/tirta/t, intense frost, Annal.
Tigh. ; as also, ex. bo;ne<xn mo/t
<xjuy pile bea;t(T)<x/t yan jejm-
;te;b fO, heavy rain and intense
frost in this winter. — Vid. An-
nal. Tighernachi ad an. 1406.

, a wonder.
, the palm of the hand.

o e

b and bea/inajm, to do,
or act ; n; beaftna me pof, I
did not yet: the same as beu-
nab.
£>ea/tnab, a flea : as also bean-

gan and brteancab.
(Deci/tnaboj/teacb, chiromancy or
palmistry : the pretended art of
telling fortunes by observing the
inside of the hand.
£>eaftnajte, the same.
£>eam5;l, poor, wretched, miser-
able ; hence bfteolan or b/teoj-
tjn, a wren.
(Dean^a; j, to awake.
£)eanfa;geacb, vigilancy, watch-
fulness.

, to watch.

and beafi^cna^m, to
polish, to file, or burnish; ex.
bo bea/t^jnajb j~e an to/i, he
polished or burnished the gold;
also to expound or explain ; also
to praise, to commend, to excel
or surpass, &c.

eaftf£u;t:e and beo.^^rnu;ce,
complete, finished, polite, oright,
of good parts.

a making polite,
complete, &c.

C^eaHT-jnujteact;, or bean^u;te-
acb, politeness, excellence, ele-
gance.

<Dea/t-teac, a certain apartment in
a monastery calculated for pray-
ers and other penitential acts ;
bean-bun and buntreac, idem;
— vid. Annul. Tighernachi et
Chronic ScoTorwn passim ; ex.
bea/tcac c;lleba/ta, a/ttxxmaca,
cluana mac nojf, &c.
£)eaf-, the right hand ; Lat. dex-
ter, dcjrtra manus. It is re-
markable how exactly the Irish
agrees with the old Hebraic
style and scriptural manner of
expressing the four cardinal
points. 1°- The Hebrew word
I'D' properly signifies the risht
161

hand, Jerem. 2'2. '24 ; and is also
used to denote the south, Job ^3,
9, Psal. 89, 13, Jos. 15, 1, be-
cause the Hebrews in their pray-
ers to God always faced the
east, and therefore being consi-
dered in that position, their right
hand was next to the south. —
fid. Dav. Lex. Brit. Lat Ja-
in in. says he, est m until plaga
Australis, ut quce orientem a$-
picientibus orantiitm modo dex-
tra est. Tliisform is also pecu-
liar to the Irish nation and lan-
guage, for the word bea^-, which
properly means the risjht hand,
Lat. de.ctra, as, na ^u;be a^t
bea^ lajm, no a;ft be;^~ (De,
sitting at the right hand of God,
is the only word we have to ex-
press the south ; ex. (Dea^-
OOuman, South-Munster, or Des-
mond; bety-cjftt, orbe;pot C;-
pjonn, the south part of Ireland.
2°- Tlie Heb. word ^NO», which
properly signifies the left hand,
sinister, sinistra matnts ; as in
Gen. 24, 49, and Gen. 48, 14, is
used for the same reason to im-
ply the north, vid. Job. 23, 9,
which is^the same with the Irish,
for Cuajb, properly the left hand,
as t:uac and tuacatlac, signify-
ing a left-handed or undexterous
man, is the only Irish word to
point out the north; as Cuab-
muman, North- Munster, or Tho-
mond; Cua^-cjpt; C;^jonn, the
north of Ireland, or Ulster. 8°-
The Heb. word inx, which pro-
perly signifies after or behind,
post, posterior pars, as in 2
Samuel 10, 9, and Genesis 9,
28, is commonly used to im-
ply the west, vid. Job. 23, 8;
and the Irish word ;a/i pro-
perly signifying after, behind,
hinder, as ;a/t ba^be, after bap-
tism ; ja't^A ^, behind all ; ;a^t-
x

6 e

b e

l, the hind part or tail of a
thing or beast ; it is the only
Irish word to express the west,
as M/t-CDbtfTOAn, West-Munster,
Ja/urafi C;/ijOnn, the west of
Ireland. 4°. The Heb. word
Olp, which naturally means be-
fore, the fore part, ante, anterior
pars, as in Ps. 55, 20, is used to
signify the east, vid. Num. 23, 7,
Isa. 11, 14, respectively to the
above described position of the
Hebrews in their devotion and
prayers to God ; or else accord-
ing to the following explication
of HenricusOpitius m his Lexi-
con Hebrseo-Chaldaeo-Biblicum
in this last word cedem, where
he says, Cedem, ante, anterior ;
item oriens, plaga orientalis,
quasi anterior pars respectu
Adanii creati versus solem ori-
entem, juxta Rabbi Bechai ad
Deuter. 33, 15. In the same
manner the Irish words 0;/t and
o;^iteo./t, like the Latin oriens
and ortus, are the only words in
our language for signifying the
east or eastern point, or the
rising of the sun ; and this word
o^tea/i, Lat. ortus, also signi-
fies the beginning or fore part,
as jfyttdft also means the end
or hindmost part of any thing ;
ex. 0 o;/ite<x/t 50 b;a;tt<V(t <x
txojf e, from the beginning to the
end of his age.

'(De<x^, neat, fair, elegant, hand-
some.

£>e<x;~, order ; nxx/t bub beoy, as is
proper, uti decet.

(Deapx; jjm, to dress, to adorn ;
also to mend or correct, to chas-
tise ; bo be<vpzj j ye e, he fitted
it; be<x^u;j bo clajbeam, gird
thy sword, or arm thyself.

<De(X^am, to stay or remain.

<De<ty-cab, the last.

£)ear-cab and be<ty-cact, lees,
162

dregs ; bea^gab JCJOJKX, the lees
of wine, vinegar; be<v^j<xb n<x
nb<xo;ne, the mob or lowest class
of men, the rascality, or rabble.

b/i<x, elocution.
ujab, a mending; also an
aorning.

(Deatac, smoke, vapours, fumes.

£>eat<x; j;m, to smoke ; <xg beatu-
j<xb, smoking.

Oeoit:<xm<x;l, full of smoke, smoky ;
IJn beatamu;!, smoky flax; be-
^xccd, the same.

£>eac<x;~a, lo there, see, behold.

(Decealt, cloth.

fc)ecebj:<x;b, war, battle.

£)ebbel, poor, miserable, unhappy.

CDebel, a calf.

^>ebl<x, bold, impudent, presump-
tuous.

, error.

, courage; be j

n; jte<xma;l, courageous.
£)e;<xbe, care, diligence, circum-

spection.
£>e;beab, a debate, a skiimish or

battle.

C5e;5e(Xb, haste, speed, expedition.
£)e;b;be, the first sort of banb;-

;iecxc, a kind of verse which re-

quires that the first quartan shall

end with a minor termination,

and the second with a major ter-

mination, with several other rules

to be observed.

£)e;c, ten ; Lat. dccem, ^

£)e;c-b/t; je, the decalogue, or ten

commandments.
<j>e;c-mj, the tenth month, De--

cember.
£)e;c-f ;tbe, decurio, a serjeant or

corporal.

t>e;c^;n, to see or behold.
£)e;be, obedience, submission.
^)ejbeab, the toothach ; rid. be<xb.
t)e;be, two things, a double pro-

portion, &c.

, haste, speed, expedition.
c, hasty, in haste.

b e

6 C

b, a difference,

to hasten, to make
haste.

j, fire, a flame.

j, r/rf. beaj, good, well, &c.
in compounds.

£)e;j-;omcojri, well-behaved.
£>e;J70nac, the last, the hinder-
most, the hindmost ; fna. taetrjb
bej jjOncic, in the last days, also
late ; ex. 50 bej jjono.6 yon Id,
late or far advanced in the
da.

ledn, a quire of paper.
j-rjobl<xjcte, goods.
)ejl, a turner's lathe.
£>e;t, a rod, a twig, &c.
£>e;lb, the figure, or face of a per-

son or thing.

£>e;lb, an adjective, signifying fine,

fair, brave, sightly ; formed from

bealb, whose gen it. is be;tb and

be;lbe.

£>ejl-be<xlMc, the meeting of two

ways ; Lat. bivium.
t)e;tb;n and bejlboj, a little image

or statue.

£)ejlce<xb, ill, bad, sad.
(Dejlcednnac, having two heads,

biceps.

£>e;tedbanac, double-faced.
£>e;le<xbo;rt, a turner.
£>e;le<xla, the space of two days.
bejieanj, a two year old pig.
£)ejleay, grudging through cove-

tousness.

Oe;t-ojbce, the space of two nights.
£)e;letO;tc, a hog of two years.
v Oe;tjr, a dolphin.

, waste or havoc.
m, to lay waste.
, thorns, prickles.

, thorny, full of thorns.
, to turn with a lathe.
n, the dim. of bejl.
>e;tl;bjm <X;t, to lean upon ; also
to follow, to adhere, to stick to.
£>e;ttjb, bejtt;b jyf, they part or
separate from him.
163

£)e;ll;m, to part or separate ; hence

be;U:, separation.
(Dejlm, a sound, a noise, or trem-

bling.

<be;tmjiD, to make a noise.
£)e;t?T)UC, a pig of two years old.
£)e;lr, a separation, or setting a

part.

(De-jltfte, Druid idols.
<De;m, lack, want ; Lat. demo.
£)e;mea^, a pair of sheers ; pro-

nounced b;0j-.
Oejme, darkness; bejme na nbul,

the obscurit)' of the firmament.
<De;me, protection.
Oe;m;n, true, certain, sure; 50

be;m;n, surely ; be;m;n-^5eut, a

true account.
£)e;rf ne, the assurance or certainty ;

be;mne bo lao;, veritas poema-

tis.
£>ejmn; j;m, to ascertain, to assure^

to- affirm ; ne;te be;mn; jjm,

things I affirm.
be;n, ^<x be;n, even as,
Oe;n, clean, neat.
£>ejne, ardour, vehemence; also

the comparat. of the wTord bjan,

quod i- id.

t)e;/ie, neatness, cleanliness.
£)e;neacb<xc, rude, vehement, ear-

nest, urgent.

bejnea^, violence, fierceness.
£>e;ne<i;~<xc, fierce or cruel.
bejnea^cvc, quick, nimble, brisk.
£>e;neo.f<x; je, lightning.
£)e;/7meoy, vanity.
bejnraeac, vokl.
£>ejniT}eac, vain or frivolous.
^)e;nmeac<x, toys, trifles.
£)e;r)irreaco;rt, a pedlar that sells

small ware.
Oe;nm; j;m, to vanish.
(De;nm;n, a vain fellow, a trifler.
<De;nmne, swift, quick, active, sup-

ple.

, says ; <xbe;^t ye, he says ;

vid. be;njm.

, i. e. te;ne f;a;b, St. An-

b e

o e

thony's fire, the shingles.

b and bejjtbe, gen. of becv/tb,
churn.

ej/tb-eljAmcrjn, a son-in-law.
(De;/tb-jr);om, an axiom, or maxim.

ag, a touchstone.
, the deep or abyss.
, alms; <xj ja/t/tajb be;/tce,
or bea/tc<xb, asking alms or beg-
ging

, they used to say; vid.

Oe;/ie, the end ; p<x be;^e, at last ;
^o be;/te, to the end; an be;/ie,
the rere ; 6 b;e/ie&b, out of the
stern.

ac, late, also the last,
idem quod, be;jjon<xc.

, a red colour ; ex. be;/ige
<x tj, the ruddiness of his visage ;
gne be;/ije, a red appearance.
e7;ige<x/tt, a lake near Lower
Ormond and Killaloe, formed
by the river Shannon.

/t je;ne, he made.
ej/tgjnnleab, i. e. jnneal bea/tg,
red cattle, red cows.

;, a buying or purchasing.
-t;&j j, a surgeon.
, a secret, or mystery ; be;/t-

£)e;/vjb, the last or hindmost.
(!)e;;tjm, to speak, to say, to tell, or

relate.

<De;/i;ro, i. e. bj<xlj<xb, to dismiss.
£)e;/t;0nn<xc, the last; also late,

latter, &c.

&ej)\l), a present, a reward.
t)e;/tim;be, i. e. b;c-o;/im;b;n, dis-

honour.

t>e;/t^ijb, a secret, a mystery.
^>e;/t;i;beac, secret, hid, private.
(De;/-, after ; bety- <x ^aota;/t, after
his pains.

, the right hand ; vid. beoy ;

and be;;" are its genit.
, more handsome, more neat ;
also neatness, elegance ; also
dcxtcrousness.

164

Oe;^-cecx/tt, the southern point, the
south quarter ; be;^ce<X;tt ncx
bC;/t;onn, the south of Ireland.
e<x^<x, a territory
of Meath, the estate of the Mac-
Giolla-Seachlins.

Oe;^cea/tt: L<x; jecxn, the County
of Wexford.

, a disciple or scholar.
, discretion.

c, discreet, prudent,
grave, sober.

e;^e, a suit of clothes ; tuj Cjcin
d. a^m y<\ be)^e batii^oi, Cian
gave me his arms and clothes.
ej;~e and be;^"eo.ct:, elegance,
handsomeness, beauty.

or 50 be;^-eal, towards
the right, southward,

£)e;/~eacb, a dress, an ornament ;
vid. be^-e.

t)e;^;b, i. e. j:e<x/ir«x?i<x;b, lands;
the plur. of be^, land.

, he sat, or rested ; also he
stayed, or remained.

, to stay or remain ; also
to mend.

£)e;pb Cuct/fcjfit, the North De-
sies in the County of Tipperary,
the estate of the O'Felanes.

(Dejfjb £)e^ce<x/it, the Soutli De-
cies in the County of Waterford,
the estate of the O'Brics; but
when the O'Felans were routed
by the Eugenians, they banished
the O'Brics, and maintained the

, they agreed to, it was
consented to.

, a beam or ray of light,
proceeding from some luminous
body, as from the sun, &c. ; p5/t
j/iejne, upon a sun-

beam. — Vid. Brogan. in Vita

S. Brigid.

, to dress or adorn.
£)e;pnj;iecxc, curious ;
idem.

ct, a proof, a quotation,

b e

b e

also a quibble, also a cunning
way of talking, also curiosity, su-
perstition.

be;^re<xn, disgust, disrelish, ab-
horrence, disdain, loathsomeness,
nauseousness, or squeamishness.

be;^reana;m, to hate, to abhor, or
detest.

)0n, a numbness; ex. bua-
no. b<x;t/ie caortd. /-ea/tbo.,
bo cu;rte<xb bejj-trjon <x;^i
jr;act<x;b na clojnne, the fathers
have eaten sour grapes, and the
children's teeth were numbed,
et denies jiliorum obstupue-
runt.

be;tb;;t, legal.

be;tb;iea.j<xb, haste, a making
speed.

be;tb/t;j;m, to hasten, or make
speed.

be;t;be, separation.

be;t;be, care, diligence.

be;t/i earn a/i, a decade, also ten
persons.

be;tneaj<~, haste, speed.

be;tne<Xj~oic, hasty, making haste
or speed.

benea^oj j;m, to make haste.

benn<xb, variation.

beob/ionntd, consecrated.

beo, 50 beo, for ever, always.
-beoc, drink ; to.ba;/t bam beoc,
give me a drink ; b; je in the
genit. ; jlo;r)e b; je, a glass of
drink ; plur. beoccirxx and beo-
c<\.

Oeocdb and beoc<xjm, to embrace
tenderly, to cherish.

£>eoc<x;ft, a difference or distinc-
tion.

£>eob<xm, God willing.

(Deobanb, a deodand, or atonement
to God for a violent death given
a person, by disposing of the in-
strument of the person's acci-
dental deatli to charitable uses.

<Deojb<vj;te, i. e. jjolld-co^n, a
cup-bearer, a butler.
16.5

j, therefore.
beo;i, p\ beo; j, at length, at last,

finally.
beo;j and be; j, for the sake of,

because.
beo;n, bom beo;n, of my own ac-

cord; bo beojn be, God will-

ing.

beo;/i^e<xc, a slave, a porter.
be6;ft^"eo;/t, idem.
be6;^eo;rte<xct:, going about from

door to door.
beot<x;b, aid, help, succour ; also

a portion or dowry.
beolc<x, sotting, drinking copious-

ly.

beolc<x;fi, a present.
beontic, or beonajjceac, agree-

able; ma beo/iac leat:, if you

please or vouchsafe.
beondcb, pudendum.
beona;j;m and beonujafc, to al-

low or grant, to approve, to like;

50 nbepnu;b b;a, God grant ;

beonoi;b b<xm tru molab o 0;j

^laomta, dignare me laudare

te Virgo Sacrata ; beon-ijb C;t6-

ca;rte bo, grant him mercy.
beontac, voluntary.
beonra^, willingness; beontacb,

idem.

beonnj jteac, willing.
beo^t, a drop or tear. x
beo/i<x;b, strong, stout, able-

bodied.
beOft<i;b. a surety that withdraws

himself.

be6r«x;b, disobedience.
be6/ta;be, a stranger, a guest, a

banished man ; also an outlaw,

a vagabond ; beo/iu;be and beo-

;iu;je<xc, idem.
beo/tajbeact, banishment.
beOftd;b;m, to banish or expel.
beo/ianta, strange ; also expelled,

cashiered;

strayed cattle.
beo;tu;be, vid.
be/tn, a buffet, or box.

b

b

be;", land ; pi. be;pt>.

be/-, a spot or speckle.

be^e, a number or multitude, a
troop, &c.

bet, tom<xlt<x/~, no b;<xb, victuals,
food ; Angl.-Saxon, diet.

beugajbe, go beurctjbe b;ti, I
wish, I would to God.

beuncxin, let us make.

Oeuj~, be<Xj~, an ear of corn; beu-
7"<x, bjoya, or beaded, ears of
corn.

bj, in the beginning of a com-
pound is a negative.

bj, unto her, unto it, from her, i. e.
bo;.

O;, little; b;<x <xm, a little while ;
b;<xm&5; <xnn, for b; <MD BJ o.nn,
was £ little while there ; b;am-
bo; fS <xnn 50 ccucxlajb <xn gut,
he was but a short while there
when he heard the voice.
A b;<x, written also b;e, and be in
the genitive, is the sacred name
of God in the Irish language.
It has a plain affinity with the
Gr. 0£oc, which makes &a in
the accusative, as well as 0£ov ;
and with the Latin deus or dim,
which was the ancient writing,
the 6 in the Greek being natu-
rally commutable with 8, makes
no difference with regard to the
affinity, no more than the termi-
nations QC and us, which are
merely adventitious to the radi-
cals Oe and de, the same as the
Irish b;e or be, Hispan. dios,
Ital. dio, Gall, dieu, Wei. dyu,
Arm. due, Corn. deu. The
Greek and Latin grammarians
have been trifling about different
derivations of 0eoe or deus, ac-
cording to their different fancies.
Some would have it derived
from TiQiifjii, pono; quia Deus
omnia ponitordine. Others from
OtaofjLai, video; quia Deus vi-
det omnia. Some again from
166

Sect), curro, or from 8eo?, timor,
quia primus in orbe Deus fecit
timor em; or lastly, from the Heb.
word n, sufficiens, satis; quaxi
qui sufficiens in se, vel a se suffi-
cientiam et abundantiam oni-
nino habet. — Vid. Hen. Op it.
Lexic. Heb.-Chald.-Biblic. in
voce Dai. But might not ano-
ther, with less grammatical eru-
dition, be free to think it an ab-
surdity to derive the word which
in any particular language is the
name of the supreme Being, from
any word of the same language,
or even of any other different
language, of which it has been
originally independent ? In the
Adamic language it is natural to
think that no word was earlier
in use than that which signified
the great Creator of the uni-
verse, which consequently was
not derived from any other word
of that first language. When
the Adamic tongue, which was (
preserved by Noah and his chil-
dren, happened to be corrupted
and diversified by the order of
God, for the wise ends of dis-
persing the tribes and peopling
the different regions of the ha-
bitable world, every particular
tribe or nation had its peculiar
dialect, new-fashioned as it was
by order of Providence, with
which the whole body of the
people of which such a tribe
consisted, proceeded on their
progress towards the particular
region designed them by the
supreme Master of the universe.
And as the knowledge of the
true Deity was as yet generally
preserved among the people of
each tribe, at least until their
general dispersion, and for some
time after, it necessarily follows
that one of the principal and

O)

consequently underived words in
ever)' new dialect was the sacred
name of God ; it being both na-
tural and necessary that every
language should have a peculiar
word to signify even- particular
object that is generally known
among the people that speak it.
It might, indeed, very naturally
have happened that in some lan-
guages the name of the supreme
Being may bear a close affinity,
or even an identity as to radical
structure, with the name of one
of his attributes ; which, though
essential to him alone, may be
applicable by way of an epithet
to a created being in a limited
sense. Thus in the old Spanish
or Cantabrian language the name
of God is Joincoa, and unqui is
the word which in the same dia-
lect signifies good, Lat. bonus,
an attribute which is essential to
the Deity, but applied as an
epithet to any created being, is
a derivative of a very limited
sense, and consequently a very-
absurd origin to derive the name
of God from. Thus also in the
language I am writing these lines
in, the word God, which in Eng-
lish, as in most of the German
and Scytho-German, or Scandi-
navian dialects, is the sacred
name of the Deity, bears a plain
affinity with the Anglo-Saxon
word good, Lat. bonus; and in
the Irish language we have in
compounds the word bea or ba,
and be;, frequently written bea j,
bag, and be; j, by our modern
.grammarians, all signifying good,
Lat. bonus. It is also natural
that a word which in any par-
ticular language signifies a
created being that may be es-
teemed a just emblem of the
Creator, should carry a near
167

affinity, if not an identity with
that which is used as the name
of the Creator in that same lan-
guage. Tims, in the Latin
tongue, the word dies, the day,
bears so plain an affinity with
the word deus, that Varro, who
by ancient writers was styled
Doctlssim usRomanorum, doubt-
less thought himself very wise in
deriving the latter from the for-
mer; thus preposterously bor-
rowing the name of the prototype
from that of the emblem, which
should naturally be regarded as
the derivative. In the Irish lan-
guage there appears not only a
strong affinity, but even a radical
identity between the word which
makes the name of the supreme
Being and that which signifies
day, or that part of the four
and twenty hours in which we
enjoy the light of the sun, as in
the following words :
<Dja, b;£, and be, all written indif-
ferently to signify day, Lat. dies.
It seems to appear from this
identity between the sacred name
of God and that of the day, in
the Iberno-Celtic dialect, that
the Celts, of whom the first Cel-
tic colony that went to Ireland
were a detachment, had but one
and the same word to signify
both God and the day; what,
indeed, may carry the greater
propriety, as the day is the most
natural emblem of God that falls
within the sphere of the senses.
In the Irish language this word
b;a or be is prefixed before the
proper names of the week-days,
agreeably to the manner of the
Latins, and contrary to that of
the French, Germans, and Eng-
lish, who subjoin their common
name for a day after the proper
names of the week-days. Thus,

b j

as the Latins said
rfzes lunce, dies mortis, &c., so
did the Irish say b;cx yul, b;<x
limjn, b;a met/fit, &c. Of those
proper names of week-days in
the Irish language, five are of
the Gaulish-Celtic, (upon which
the Latin names have been form-
ed,) and two of the German.
£)}<x-Sul was the Irish name of
Dies Solis, or Sunday, before it
was changed into b;&-bomn<x,
according to the Christian style.
bja-Luo;n, Lat. Dies Lunce, is
still the Irish name of the se-
cond day of the week. b;a-
OD&jjtt is the same as Dies Mar-
tis, by the Anglo-Saxons called
Theuts-day, (Tuesday in mo-
dern English, from Theut, the
German name of Mars, whence
the national name Theutones.
b;a-b'e;ne, Friday, pronounced
Diaveine, (vid. ben and be;ne
supra,) corrupted first into U;ne
and after into -cCojne, Lat. Dies
Veneris, English Friday, from
Friga, the German name of Ve-
nus; whence frau, the Dutch
common name for woman or
lady, as be<xn or ben is in the
Irish language, and in the Latin
Venus, (formed upon the Celtic
/. ben,) signifying woman per ex-
cellentiam ; and the last of the
Irish names of the week-days de-
rived from the Gaulish Celtic is
b;&-Satfiu;n, Lat. DiesSaturni,
Eng. Saturday; but the Irish
names of the two middle days of
the week, Wednesday and Thurs-
day, are of the German Celtic.
b;<x-£eben,or b;a-Ceben, (cor-
rupted first into Ceabiqn, and
after into Ce<xb-dojne, English,
Wednesday, is visibly derived
from the German name of Mer-
cury, which is Woden or Weden.
The Irish having no w in their
168

alphabet, use either g or c in-
stead of it, as the French do ;
and even some of the German
tribes said Goden for Woden,
whence God, the sacred name of "V
the Creator, is most generally <"f
used, with little variation of wri-
tings, amongst the German na-
tions. Lastly, b;a-Cbo;ib<x;n,
pronounced b;&-0/ib<vjn and
b;<x-<Tfib<vjn, (corrupted into
b;<x/ibao;n and bapibaojn,) is
the Irish name of Thursday, lit-
terally derived from Thor or
Tor, the German name of Jupi-
ter, and which in some German
dialects is written Thordan,
Thoran, and Tonar, (vid. Clu-
ver. German. Antiq. p. 196.)
From this German name of Ju-
piter, the Irish words to/-i<xn, a
great noise, and to;/meac, thun-
der, are visibly derived. All
nations attributed the thunder to
the supreme power, whence the
epithet Tonans is applied to Ju-
piter by the Latins, who very
probably derived their Tonitru
and Tonare from either the To-
nar of the Germans or Thra-
cians, or the Taran or Taranis
of the Gauls, (vid. Lucan. lib. 1.)
The Welsh and Cornish word
tar an, thunder, is visibly derived
from Taran or Taranis, the
Gaulish name of Jupiter; and
so may b;a-Cba/ib<x;jn, the Irish
name of Thursday, be derived
from the same Gallic name of
that false God; in which case
our bja-Ceben, i. e. Wednesday,
would be the only week-day-
name the Irish had derived from
the German Celts, from whom
we see the Latins must have de-
rived, in all likelihood, their to-
nitru, and tono, tanare.
6;<xb<x;t, i, e. b; ao;b';l, without
fire.

.fcal, the devil ; Gr. &a/3oAoc,
and Lat. diabolus, Wei. diaro'l.
It. diarolo, Hisp. diarlo, Gal.
diable ; vid. <x;5e;l.
£);<xMa;be orb;<xblu;be, diabolical,
devilish, wicked.

, double, or twice as much.
, sorrow, grief, weeping ;
Gr. SaKovw, fleo.

, sorrowful.

and bjdbamojl, godly.
b, Godhead, also divinity.
£>;dpia jma, the midriff; Lat. <#a-

fragma.

O;a;^, an end; <x nbjdjj, after;
;nb;a; j pn, afterwards ; anb;<x; j
n<x ne;ceann 7*0, after these
things.

<bj<x;l, a dial.

^JA& quick, soon, immediately.
O;-d;;tiT)e, innumerable, infinite,

that cannot be numbered.
O;all, submission.
, a knapsack.

, the arse or breech; hence
b;dll and bjdtlajb, a saddle;
Wei. dilhad, apparel.
£>;att<x;t, quasi b;all-ajc, a sad-

dle.

Ojdton, a diary, or day-book.
, food, sustenance.
, unspotted, untainted.
, 7 uasi mao;n-b;ab<x, the
substance of a church.
Oj<xma;n, vain, trifling ; idem qd.

t, i. e. b;-mo^, huge, enor-
mous.

jaiTKXft, dark, occult, hid, secret ;
50 b;<xm<x;^t, secretly; b;am<Xft
na cojlle, the thickets of the
wood.

-l<xb, or b;a-m<x^liij<j.b,
blasphemy, the reproachins: or
dishonouring God, the ridiculing
of religion, or speaking evil of
holy things.
<x-n)a~l<V7Jt:e6jtt, a blasphemer.

b. a place of refuse.
169

, to make dark, or co-
loured.

;an, vehement, violent ; also nim-
ble, brisk ; comparat. be;ne.
;dno.7^m, a place of refuge or
safety.

jan-comla, an aidecamp, also an
officer of the life-guard.
c, daily.

n, anger, also churlishness.
, Thursday ; rid. O;a. s
, the proper name of
several great princes of the old
Irish. This name is a compound
of £>Jd, God, and <Xftma;b, the
genit. plur. of the Irish word
<l/tm, Lat. arma, armor inn ; so
that t);<x-<X;tiDa;b literally signi-
fies the same as Dens Armor urn,
the God of Arms. Such is the
exalted origin of this Irish name,
which does not screen it from
being at times a subject of ridi-
cule to some of our pretty gen-
tlemen of the modern English
taste.

O;anmu;b, (GDac (Dja/imu;b,) a fa-
mily name in Connaught, of the
same stock with the great O'Con-
nors, kings of that province, be-
ing descended from C<xjb;z; dn
Cjc^jl, i. e. Teige of the White
Steed, of whom Roderic O'Con-
nor, who was styled king of Ire-
land at the arrival of the English
auxiliaries of the king of Leins-
ter, was the sixth descendant.
From the first and principal
CD<xc (Dja/imujb, English, Mac
Dermod, descended another chief
of the same name, called OOac
bja;imujb ftuab, or Mac Der-
mot Roe ; as also the O'Ci owl\ s
of Munster. The estate of the
principal Mac Diarmod in late
ages was the country of Moy-
luirg, now the Barony of Boyle,
in the County of Roscommon ;
but more ancientlv the chief of

the Mac Dermods was supreme
lord or prince of the following
districts and tribes; viz. CJ/i-
ojtljolta, C;/-i-tuata;b, Co/ica-
pjptp), Cluajne, CJ/t-neactajn,
and CJ/i-neanba. It is to be
noted that the O'Connors and
the Mac Dermots, as also the
O'Rorks, the O'Reilys, and
others, are descended from Brian
or rather Briun, eldest son of
Coca-CDu;j-GQeab;z;o;n, king of
Meath, and supreme king of
Connaught and Ulster in the
fourth century. From the above
Brian, or Briun, the territories
of Hy-briuin, in Connaught, are
so called, as being possessed by
his posterity.

j<\f, for b;^-, two persons ; b;<fy-
mac, two sons; b;a- ban, two

wves.

, for beu^, an ear of corn ; pi.

or sea^, the south ;
CDuman, South-Munster, or Des-
mond ; corruptly for bea^~.
(D;at;/ia;m, desart, desolate.
£);beabac, negative.
£);beall, old, ancient.
(Djbeojl, dumb, mute, tongue-tied,
quasi a/t bjc beojl cum labaj/tt.
£);bea/ita, banished.

.6, a fugitive ; also an
exile or banished man.

i, to rout, to banish, or send
in exile.

:, a banishing, exile, or ba-
nishment.
(DJb, from you, or of you, i.e. bo

jb, or ^-;b.
£)Jbe, thirst, i. e. b;t-;be, want of

drink.

t);be, refusing, separating.
£>;-beata; j, without way or pas-
sage.

,c, a robber; naonba/1-
b;bea/i^ac, nomm Intronas ,*also
vindictive.

170

to comfort or con-
sole.

, vid.

, wrath, indignation, also
vengeance ; as bjbjrejftge be,
God's vengeance.
e, an endeavour.
cac, diligent ; also fierce,
violent, unruly.

a part or division ; b;b-
te<xn bo jac fppe, a division or
part of every kind of cattle, also
a couple, two; jro/i <v jroepxm
bun b;bl;n;b, amborum patro-
cinio innitimur.

and b;b;ne<xcb, extremity.
j, vile, vulgar, of little worth.
, to become vile or cheap,
to banish, to exile, to
rout, to expel, or drive away.
CD;ceal, forgetfulness.
t>;ceal, or bjtrceal, more com-
monly b;tc;ot, attempts, endea-
deavours ; be;n bo b;cce<xt, do
your best, do your endeavour, a
term of defiance.

£);cealt<x;;i, the shaft of a spear.
(Djceatcajfi, a deer-park ; an en-
closed spacious field.
O;cean, a man beheaded.
£);ceann<xb and b;cecvnn<v;m, to
behead ; noc bo bjceannab, that
were beheaded.

(Djceannab and bjcneab, decapi-
tation.
fc>;ceannt<x, beheaded, executed ;

pip. bjceannra, executioners.
£>;cejl;m, to forget.
fc>;-C;tejbeam, want of faith, dis-
belief, incredulity.
£)j-Cfte;bmeac, an unbeliever, an

incredulous person, an infidel.
(D;-c/ie;bce, incredible, hard to be

believed.

£);b, a woman's pap, a diddy. ~-^
£>;bean, and b;b;n, or bjon, a fort,
a sanctuary, protection, refuge ;
also a defence or preservation ;
bjbean <x^i c/tob jan pat

6 j

dOba;?te, a protection to un-
defended cattle ; mo cutbjbjn,
my protector.

£>;beanna; j;m, to save or protect ;
bo b;b;n fe e fe;n, he saved
himself.

£>;bl;ocbab, delight.

£);b;l, great love or kindness.

£>Jb;n, r/rf. bjbean.

£);b;o;io;;i, a protector or guar-
dian.

£);j:eabaca, froward.

£>;j:j/t, difference.

£>;ie, the genit. of beoc, i. e. of
drink.

£); jbe, a commendation, a bless-
ing.

O; jbe, gratitude ; eab-b; jbe, in-
gratitude ; t-iW. caon-b'u;be, gra-
titude ; so eab-6u;be should be
ingratitude, and eabb'u;beac un-
grateful.

ji, succour, also satisfaction.
je, condign or adequate.

, to come to, or arrive at a
place, time, or thing ; jo b) jjb
cum m<xjcj07"<x, may they come
to good ; go b; jjom cum bajle,
till we arrive home, &c. ; idem
quod tj jjm.

j;n, or b;n, to suck ; bo bj jjn
<xn cuan, the lamb sucked its
dam ; cjoc na fc^jne m<x^j
jtOj- bjn, woe be to him that
sucked the breast of the shrine.

morose.

, bald.

, or bjugo.no, to cluck as a
hen.

, sorrow, pain ; Gr. SIK?

and bjljon, a deluge or inun-
dation; uj^e na bjtjonna, the
waters of the flood.
(Djle, love, friendship, affection.
£>jlea jdb, digestion ; and bjtea-
j<x;m, to digest food ; b;tea jtci,
digested.

(D;te<vd<x;m, to reverence or re-
171

vere.

a;n, love, kindness, affec-
tion.

, or bjl;0j-, dear, beloved,
faithful ; <x;nm bjtea^, b;tl|-e
and bJU^eacc, sincerity, fidelity,
the proper name Gr. SijAoc,
certain ; Wei. dilys.

<DJl jjonn, destruction, plundering,
pillaging; 50 nbea/tna;b t);a
ba ta bon <ion la 50 ttajn;^
b;ljean clajnne Canaan. —
Lcaban b/ieac ; God made two
days of one day for the destruc-
tion of the Canaanites.

(Djljjon and bjt^pnab, emptying.

£)jl;abab, boiling, concoction.

t);tmajn, meet, proper, fit, be-
coming ; n; bjlnoajn bom bol an
Cjjjpt:, bo /tab CDao;^e, &c., a
peanca aju^* a jmteactra a,n
peab r/t;ocab bljajan j~jn n;
bjlma^n a cu/t jro lamajb an
bao^-ja^t /"tua j a^t a naomcact :
it doth not become me to go
into Egypt, says Moses, &c., his
miracles and the course of his
actions for thirty years were not
proper to be put into the hands
of the people by reason of their
sanctity.— Vid, Leaba/t b/teac
me;c -dfobgajn.

O;mc;^;n, to see, to behold.

£>Jmea;-, a bad name or reputa-
tion.

to undervalue or de-

spse.

(^jmeaj-ra, of bad repute, vile.
CDjmeafracb, disrespect.
Ojme, protection.
£)jm;ccjn, contempt, reproach.
£);mjn, certain, sure, without doubt.
£);m;n and bjmneacb, provision,

caution, heed.
£>jmneacb, confidence.
t>;mn; j;m, to affirm, to avouch, to

assert.

£>jmn}beac. sad or melancholy.
<D;n, pleasant, delightful, agree-

6

able.

O;ne, like c;ne, a generation ; 6
bjne go bjne, from generation
to generation ; also an age.
, a beginning, also the first.

or bene<x/tt, the power
of God.

<D;ne<x/tt;, imbecility, weakness.
in, to weaken.

a wege.

to urge, also to thrust.
i, custody.
jte, wedged in.
a helmet.

to drink, to imbibe, to
suck; vid. b;j;n.
<b;nm;ac, idle.

O;n/7, from, off us, i. e. bo ;/in, or
rjnn ; temoro bjnn, let us leave
off.

a hill, a fortified hill or
mount ; in the Welsh it is din
and tin, and has the same signi-
fication with the word bun ; and
hence the Roman dinum, di-
nium, and dunum, frequent ter-
minations of the names of cities
in Gaul and Britain, as Londi-
num, Uxellodunum, Augusto-
dunum, &c., and the old English
tune, now changed into don, ton,
town ; pjtjtc<x;^ jr/v; be ;n b;n-
nfi,pr(zdicabat de die in colli-
bus. — Vit. S. Patric.
a dinner.
contempt.
an oath.
divinity.

6;ob<xb, to die without issue ; b;o-
bab Cogan, Owen died without
issue.
(D;obab, an edge or point, a prick

or sting.

(Djobanac, lawless.
£);obb<x/i, disrespect, contempt.
of them.
death.

b, a portion or dowry ; also
any transitory or worldly inheri-
'

tance; ^eac n; c;u;;i3> r>j Ijoj
^•euna jnb noeb bpbab be<xt<x
ce, the saint did not affect or
regard the inheritance of the
world, or things transitory; n;
71; ;t m<xc fc>e <x/i b;ob<xb, non
vcndidit filium Dei pro trann-
toriis. — Brogan. in Vit. S. Bri-
gid.

6;ob<x;b, wicked, impious.

b;ob<x;b;m, to consume or destroy,
b;ob<x; jjrjbea/i ;ab, they will be
consumed.

£)Joba}l, damage, loss, defect.

O;ob<xll, old, ancient.

6;ob<X;tt<x, banished, exiled.

£);ob;t<xt:<x, discovered.

6;obu;be and b;o-bu;be<xc, un-
grateful, unthankful.

6;obu;be and b;obu;beact, ingra-
titude.

6;o-c<x;/tt;m, to peel off bark, to
decorticate.

£)jocirKx;fic, theft.

£>;0cotn<i, without body.

£);o-co;iT)ne, forgetfulness.

fc);o-cOna;^ie, without any way or
passage.

(!);ocri<i and bjocuft, diligence.

t>;0c/ion, immediately, without
time.

£);ocu;b, little, small.

6;oc^(X, high, mighty, lofty, state-
ly > 3eJn P^jl;b <\f b;oc^<x, the
descendant of Philip is most
noble.

<D;ob<v;l;j7, an atom, a mite.

£);o-baojneab, a depopulation.

6;o-bat<x;m, to discolour, tarnish,
or^ change the colour.

C3;obmoi, a fort, a fortification.

£>;o-bn<xb, to satisfy.

£);o-bu;lle, without leaves.

(Djo-pulang, intolerable.

6;o-jrl<x;nn, exanguious, pal<>.

O;o-jro^ca;n, a mulct paid for not
marrying ; potius b;o-po^cu;n.

6;5j, a dike or pit; b;g, /V/ry//.
and en it. b.

b J

Am, to enclose or entrench.

, spiteful, revengeful ; be;lb
bjojan, having revenge in his
looks.

bjOT<xnra, fierce or cruel, revenge-
ful.

ctr, revenge ; also cruel-
ty, barbarous or savage fierce- j
ness.

b;ojab<xjm, to lessen or diminish, j
to lavish or squander ; bjo j<x;b
a lednamu;n, wee diminuit ejws :\
substantiam, Brogan. ; from b;t,
want, and jtxbdjm, r«/.

bjo^db, mischief.

b;6gann, plentiful ; quasi bjt-
ga;nne or gan/KXCuj^e, not scant.

<b;o j<x;;", high, tall, stately.

b;o£<xl<x;m, to revenge; bo b;o-
Tdjl ba;- <x <xta^t jronntu. ^"<xn,
he revenged upon them the
death of his father.

b;6g<xttr, revenge, vengeance ; b;6-

L, revenged.

,c, revengeful, vindictive.

an avenger.
-, revenge, vengeance.

.c, revengeful.
- , o-i - -y ' to behead.
b;o jbajl, damage, destruction.
£);6 jbalac, hurtful, noxious, pre-
judicial.

b;6j;ona, morose,
bjojla, revenge, also injustice;
destruction ; ex. 6;
bjojla, amajt
no. rt<XM leabdjn. i. e.

ujle ej^jon
<xju^ b; jla an pobu;t T?omanaj j
x\/t an bpopall Jubaj jeac, the
order and beginning of the (di-
vine) vengeance according as it
is recorded by Josephus in his
history, to wit, every rapine, op-
pression, and destruction of the
Jews by the Romans. — Vid.

6;6 jlu;m, gleaning, as <xj b;6 jlu;m
173

<xn a/tba;/i, gleaning the corn.

bjo jn<x, contempt ; also contemp-
tuous.

b;6 jncty-, rare ; b;6 ^naf cloc, rara
virtus. — Brogan.

ba, morose, rude.
, constantly, frequently.

, to belch.

u^, uprightness ; bjoj^uy-
c>\ojbe, uprightness of heart ;
also zeal, or ardent desire.
, forcing, compelling.

, diligence ; also a secret.
, a diocese.

b;6t, worthy.

and b;6t<x^acb, sufficiency,
satisfaction.
, an end.

bjol, use.

(Djol, a selling; r/V/. b;olam.

bjSlact, blameless.

b;olact, or b;lleact<x, an orphan,
i. e. n<xojbe<xn<xn <x c a <x^t b;c
lacca.

bjolacccom, protection.

b;6ta;beact, payment.

bjola;n>, gleaning, leasing ; also to
write.

bjoltxjmnj jceo^t, a weeder.

b;6t<xm, to pay ; ca;n bo b;ol, to
pay tribute ; bjoljra |-e <x mo;be,
he will pay his vows; also to
sell ; as, noc bo b;6lab m<x/t
^-e;^b;^e<xc, Wo was sold as a
servant.

bjolam, to renew or change.

O;6lamn<xc, written by the transla-
tor of the Bible b;6tmanac, and
vulgarly pronounced bjolun<xc,
i. e. any hireling : it is particu-
larly used to imply a soldier,
which is properly a hireling ;
Lat. sold u r it, qui salario con-
ducuntur; vid. Li ttlet. Diction. ;
hence it signifies any brave,
lusty, stout man ; also a generous
man, one different from the ple-
beian or low class of men.
The French call a soldier soldat,

from solde, hire, payment.

, fornication.

;5t<x^co;iT)e(Xb, patronage, pro-
tection.

e, a guardian.
b, forgiveness,
m, to dismiss.
., apparel, raiment; Wei.
dillat.

), faithful, true, sincere.

c, a hired soldier; from
b;ol, pay ; and manach, man, in
the German Celtic.

£);6lunt;<Ji, valiant, stout, brave,
lusty; also generous, hospitable;
vid. b;ol <xmn<xc.

(Dj6lunt<ty* and b;otunt;<xcb, hospi-
tality.

£)Jom, from me, of me; bo 15<vjn
bjom <*n tu<xll<xc, he took from
or off me the load, i. e. bo roe.

CDjomcxb and b)orobua;b, anger, in-
dignation, displeasure ; b;omb<x,
is the same; bo f£&p fi)u £<*•
b;oimb<x mo/i, he parted them in
great displeasure.

(Djombaj, grief, sorrow.

<b;ombaj<xc, sorrowful, mournful.

<D;ombajl, waste. — Luke, 15. 13.

£);o-rnbuan, unlasting, transitory,
fading ; beatcx b;ombucxn, transi-
tory life ; ecvb<xc bjombuan, fad-
ing or unlasting clothes, frail,
perishable.

£>jOmbd, vid. b;omab, anger, dis-
pleasure, &c.

£);omb<xc, displeased.

(DJomaloLC, profuse, hurtful ; vid.
bjojb'dtac.

^);om<xlt<x^, caution, notice.

^);0)T)<xo;n and b;om<xojneac, idle,
lazy, vain, trifling, frivolous.

(bjomaojneoy, vanity, idleness ;
but more commonly pronounced
b;om<xo;nte<xr ; bjom<xo;nea^ ex
t/-<xoj<xll, me vanity of the
world.

(Djoma/ijx, secret, private, dark,
mystical.

174

£);5-mOTdb, enfranchisement, free-

dom, liberty.

£>;o-rr)oj<xb and b;6moj<x;m, to
make free, to set a slave at li-
berty.

Ojomojteab, a demolishing.
£);omfi<xcb, obscurity, darkness.
, a mystery.
, a hermit's cell.
i, a glutton ; potius c;o-

^>jo-mol<xb, dispraise.

£);oinold.b and bjo-mola;m, to dis-
praise or find fault with.

£);omott;oi, blamed, censured, dis-
praised.

£);omolto;/i, a slanderer.

£);om/-t<xc, a temple.

(^Jom^d.c, for b;om<x^"<xc, proud,
haughty, arrogant.

t>;omu^, pride, arrogance.

£>;on, a shelter or protection, a
covert or fence from the weather ;
bo t^ie;j fe a b;on, he forsook
his covert; px bjon, under pro-
tection ; bo^ cuj/i bjon ajp, he
covered it. ./-AA- Z> ^oti-O^K-

^);on, the second semimetre or
leat/i<xnn of a verse consisting of
two quartans: it is more com-
monly called coiTKib.

£>;6n<x;~3<xb, a disjoining.

£>;6n<x/-;z;a;m, to ungird, to undo.

&jonaf£'c<\, dissolute.

(Djongdbajl and bjongbata, and
commonly written bjonjmala,
worthy, meet, proper, suitable,
fit to bear ; ex. 01 Cbjdjtna be;n

^

bob commo/i txxo;beab, O I^ord,
make me a habitation for thyself,
worthy so great a guest ; ba
bira; jeab jrea^i <x bjonjaba;l, if
she got a suitable husband; also
fixed, firm; botca^* bjongbcila,
firm hopes.
jongbatajt, worthy.
pngbdlcoi or b/ongirwlta, firm,
fast, fixed.

6 }

Ojonn, a hill or hillock ; cid.
b;nn.

an, a little hill.
;gb, even to.
e, unto, i. e. bo ;onn-
tu b;onn/-u; je
7?;j, thou shalt go to Caesar ;
b;onr>fu;je n<x Cearo/tac. to-
wards Tara.

£);onnta, turning about.
&)0ji, meet, proper, decent.
£);0ft, a law.

£>;5;t<xc, or bjpeac, just, right,
equitable.

c, lawless.
, a dropping.
garo, to belch.
O;o-;iaba;ro, to annihilate.
O;0;tg<xb, direction ; b;;t;u jab,
idem.

, uprightness.

, a troop, company, crowd,
or multitude; Wei. tyrva, Lat.
turba.
O;6rimac, quasi b;-a;^roeac, nu-

merous, infinite.
(DJOrtna, quantity.
O;0fy-an, bad news ; its correlative

word is fjopfan, good news.
£>jO;tua;meac, an atom, a mite.
&)0fc or b;yc, barren ; bo b;6^c,

a cow that hath no milk.
(DJoj-can and gjo^ccin, a grinding
or gnashing of the teeth ; also a

chewing of the cud.

and
sound.
jo/"£<j.b and
the teeth ; also

, a nose or
, to gnash

and b;o^5<x^n<xc, the
vulgar, the mob or rabble rout.

, to snuff a candle.
bm, smooth, without knots,
even.

o^po;^e<xcb, or b;o^bo/t<xcb, an
argumentation, pleading, &c.

, of thee, or from thee, i. e.
bo tu.

175

t);6r-cu;/t;m, to force away, to
drive off, to expel ; bo b)5ccu;/t
<Jif <xn ttj]\ e, he banished him
the country.

ju j<xb, consumption, de-
struction.

m, a wilderness, a desart ;
from bjoc and t^tejb, a tribe.
Jotr;tua;Ujm, to unsheath.

, a tribute.

e<xc, straight, right ; bj^e<xc -->
7-ua^, straight, upright ; ban b;-
;te<xc, a verse or metre ; also ge-
nuine ; Lat. directus.
c, frugal.

, uprightness.
, to geld,
a panegyric.
b, direction.
t);;teme, without way or passage,

out of the way.
b;^i;be, bald.

O;/t; jjm, to straighten, to direct, ~-r
or guide.

, numerous, plentiful, great ;
matoy b;^t;m <x/t
y be;ceA;t b<x bu^
inn tp 7"eo, you will be
plentifully rewarded ; or lite-
rally, you will reap plentiful ad-
vantage from your journey hi-
ther, and will be obeyed and
served in this country. — L. B.
Otr, two, both, a pair, a couple, a ^
brace ; ba b;r bea/tb/tac<x;/t, to
both his bretnren ; Gr. Sig, and
Lat. bis, tv^ice.
Ojjr, poor, miserable.
t);^-be<X5<x;m, to contemn or de-
spise; ma bjj-beajan ye tu, if
he contemn you ; also to pro-
fane or violate, to unhallow.
, twofold, double,
fierce, nimble, active,
quick.

and -be<xy, discretion.
c, discreet.

; bea^a, a territory of
the County of Clare, the ancient

b

Ojj~{

estate of the O'Deas.
f sudden.
jt^a, a disease.
love, friendship, esteem,

fidelity, loyalty; also subjection;

bj^leact, idem.
{e;, property.
, a dye ; aj jm;/it bj^lj^e,

playing at dice.
p;/-lean, a dice-box.
O;-^-tJjeac, deviating, uncouth,

straggling.

, to hide or conceal.
, the aspergillum, used at

Mass to sprinkle the holy water

on the people.
bjt, bo b;t, it remains.
b;t:, want or defect.
b;t, to suck, to give milk.
p;tbj/i, difference.
bjtceal, industry, endeavour ; vid.

b;tc;ol.
b;tcealta/i, a necromantic veil or

cover, that makes things invisible,

as is supposed.
b;t-ceannajm, to behead; bo bjt-

ceann aba/i a /i; j bjlea^, they

beheaded their rightful king.
bjtcjotl, an attempt or endeavour,

also industry.

bjtcjoUac, careful, diligent.
bjtrcjoUajm, to endeavour, to do

the utmost.
bjteac, to refuse.
b;t-lactac and b;t-lactu; je, an

orphan, or a motherless child,

who consequently wants suck or

milk ; from b;t, want, and lact,

milk; vid. tact.
b;t;jnje, dumb, speechless.
p;tleac, forgetful.
b;t/ieab, an hermitage or wilder-

ness; Wei. didrevvar ; /lO^bajt

/te mac be e a;m^u;jab on

b;abal /-an tyt/teaB, the Son of

God was pleased to be tempted

by the devil in the wilderness.
bjt^eabac, a hermit or anchoret.

more properly bjt-t/ieabac, a
17G

man that has no society or com"
mon habitation with others, or
one living separate from his
tribe; vid. t/ieab and t;/tc;b.

bjtjieactac, lawless.

b;u, a long time, long since; Lat.
diu.

b;ub;iaca;m, to cast, to fling, to
throw, to brandish, shake or
quiver ; ag bjubnajc clojce,
throwing a stone; from b/iajc,
the arm.

bjublab, refuge ; b;uc, the pip, a
sickness of fowl.

b;uca, to cry out, to exclaim ; ob
cona/ic an naom an ;ijj gona
^•luaj aj eacnac Cbpjft, agu^
aj ab/tab beamajn, bo /tola
;a/tam a b/iat be, aju^/io b;u-
ca;/i bo jut mo/i a meoba^n an
pOpu;ll : when the saint saw the
king and his army to deny
Christ, and to adore devils, he
rent his garment, and then cried
out with a loud voice in the
midst of the people. — L. B.

b;uga; jjl, a sobbing or sighing.

bjugam, or b;j;m, to cluck or
cackle.

bju jam, to drink off.

Oju;ca;n, the eyes.

bju;b, tender-hearted, flexible.

bjujbeac. the same; hence a;n-
bjujbe, obduracy.

b;ula;tm, to suck ; Utman b;ujl, a
sucking lamb ; noc bo bju;t
c;oca mo mata;/t, who sucked
the breasts of my mother.

b;uttab, a negative ; nae b;ultab
na 5aeb;tje, the nine negatives
of the Irish tongue.

bjultab, a denial or refusal ; jruaj/t
fc b;ulta, he got a refusal.

b;ultajm, to deny or refuse, to
renounce, disown, cast off, 6cc.

bjunc.6, vid. beonac.

b;u/t, difficult, hard; Lat. durus :
n; bu b;u/t an jabab, non dura
fuit nccessitas.

b i

bju;tn<xm, to gulp or swallow ; to
drink speedily.

&]uf, protection.

bl<x;j, blajjeos, and bl<w;j, a
lock of hair.

bla;m, darkness.

bl<xo; j, blao; j J^^je, a lock of
hair.

bleacb, law.

bljgeab, a separation.

bljje, a law or ordinance; Lat.
legs, a lex, d being only wanting
in that Latin word; pe<X;t t<x-
btx/ita blj je, a lawgiver ; pea/i
bljje, a lawyer; luce bl;je,
lawyers.

bljjeac and bl; jtea.6, lawful.

bl; j)b, perfect, excellent,

bl;jteac, lawful, just; <x^ bt;j-
te<xc <x beunam, it is lawful to
be done.

bljjt:e<xm<xjl, just, skilled in the
law ; bu;ne bl; jte<xm<vjl, a liti-
gious man.

bl;jte<xmn<xc and bl;tean<xc, a
lawgiver.

bt; jteojft, a lawyer.

blj jtjonojn, a magistrate or jus-
tice of the peace, whose care is j
to have the laws enforced.

bljjjm, to separate.

blty~tcanac, or bt;^t;on<xc, law-
ful ; njl fe ce<x/tc na bl;/trea-
n<xc, it is neither just nor lawful,
also rightful, legitimate ; as nmc
bl;fbean<xc, a legitimate son;
ne<xm-bl^reanac, unlawful, il-
legal, illegitimate.

btocb and blocban, a strainer, a
cullander.

blom; to tell.

, a denial or refusal.
, to make plain or mani-
fest.

btorrxxj^n, destniction.

blub, a retribution.

blu;je, a loosing, releasing.

blu;j, active, nimble; also pre-
pared.

177

b o

%
blu;m, a cloud, darkness; also a

blaze of fire.

blu;c;n, a little study or closet.
blum, much, plenty : commonly-

blut, close, tight, confined; blue
^tol, a closestool ; bluc-<xjm-
ftejb, the defiles; bluc-bjon, a
close guarding.

blut, an enclosure, a cloister.

blutajm, to shut in, or enclose, to
compress.

blutujje and bluta;jte, knit,
compacted.

bo, before nouns sometimes agrees
with the Latin tints, -a, -um, as
bo leabap, tuus liber, your book,
&c. ; it also sometimes corres-
ponds exactly with the Latin
preposition de, and signifies of,
from, out of, at, concerning, &c.,
ex. bo 15 a%uf bo ojbce, de die
et nocte, i. e. by day, &c. ; bo
la;m, by the hand, or out of
hand, de mauu ; bo t/tejb Leb;,
de tribu Levi; l<xb;t<MT) bo <xn
bey, de morte loqitamur, i. e.
concerning, or about ; bu;ne bor>
t^-lu<xj, uniisdeejcercitu; bealb
beantra bo clojc, simulacrum de
lapide faclum, fyc. ; it still an-
swers in sense to the Latin pre-
position de when added to pro-
nouns, and is generally contract-
ed ; as bam, i. e. bo mo, bom OM,
de meo AUTO ; boc, i. e. bo tru,
bob on, de ti/o Au.ro ; ba, i. e.
bo a, ba 6;t, de suo aitro, Sfc, ;
and this contraction is always
observed when a vowel is the
initial letter of the word ; bo/t
<xcu/~ ba;/tj;ob, i. e. bo 5/t <xgu/~
bo <x;ftj;ob, de auro et argento,
<^r. Oo is often a negative or
diminutive, and often an aug-
mentative, and implies a diffi-
culty; as bocojra, hard to be
raised; bo-mujnte, hard to be
taught; bo-cxj/trojjte, innumer-

'L

b o

b o

,

able; bo-cujm^jjte, incompre-
hensible ; t boj-bea jla, indivisi-
ble ; bo;-bealbac, ill-featured ;
b6j-bea/-ac, ill-bred : and in
this it agrees with the Latin
word de, which in compounds is
sometimes a negative and some-
times an augmentative, as des-
pero, to have no hope ; demens,
void of reason ; and de-amo, to
love passionately, &c.

Oo, sometimes signifies to; Lat
ad; bon ma/ijab, ad mercatum;
bon amajn, ad amnem, i. e. bo
an; it corresponds with ad in
the pronouns, as bam, i. e. bo
me, Lat. ad me ; bujtr, i. e. bo
tru, Lat. ad te ; bo, i. e. bo e,
Lat. adeum; b;, i. e. bo ;, Lat.
ad earn ; bu;nn, i. e. bo ;nn, or
fjnn, Lat. ad nos ; b;b, i. e. bo
jb, Lat. ad vos ; ba/t, i. e. bo
a^t, ad nostros vel de nostris ;
ba/t namu;b, ad hostes nostros,
vel de hostibiLS nostris. In this
manner it seems to be the same
as ad by a metathesis or trans-
position.

£)0, is often the distinguishing par-
ticle of the perfect and future
tenses : bo ftjnne me bo comajfi-
le, I have done your bidding;
bo cua;b fe, he went ; bo jeo-
ba;b ujle bey, they will all die.
As also of the conjunctive mood
present tense : bo /tacainn, I
would repair or go ; bo r&pjo-
ba;nn, I would or could write.
In old manuscripts the particle
<xb was used for bo of the mo-
dern writers, as was the particle
710.

<D5, two in number; Gr. <W, and
Lat. duo; pa bo, twice.

(Doacal, affliction.

£>o-a;riroeac and bo-a;/im;gte, in-
numerable.

(Do-ata/tfiu; j, immutable.

(Dob, and gen it. bo;be and bo;b, a
178

plaster; also gutter.
£)ob, i. e. bo bub j:e;b;^, perhaps,

or it may be possible : sometimes

written bob ejbjft.
£)ob, a river or stream; Lat.^w-

vius ; £j\jt conuc<x;b an bob,

eis restitit ftuvius.
^)oba;t, a daubing over.
(Dobajro, to plaster or cement, to

daub.

t>oba;^, immortal ; bo-ba;/".
^)o-balab, a rank or rammish

smell.

, obscure, dark.
and bu/i, water; Gr. vSu»p,

aqua ; Wei. dyvr, or dur ; bo-

ba^tcu, an otter or water dog;

Wei. dyvr-gi, an otter ; vid. cu,

sup.
Ooba/t, the bound or border of a

country. ^
(Doba/y~ojbea6, a pitcher, or buck-

et.

, mischief.

b, boisterous, swelling, raging.
, sorrow, grief, concern.
, sorrowful, sad.
and bobjiona;m, to be

sad or sorrowful.
£)ocamal, a difficulty, hardship.
£)ocamalac and bocamlac, hard,

difficult ; yaota/t bocamalac,

hard labour.
(Docamlacb, a difficulty.
^)oca, likely, probable; bocu;je,

more probable.
£)oca;/iea;- and boca/t,hurt, harm,

damage; cum a nboca;/i, to their

hurt.
£)ocafiac, grievous, hurtful; Lat.

angustiatus, in angustiis.

, hope, confidence ; al. bot-

c, confident.

t)ocma, weak, incapable.
(Doc/tajt:, lust.

t>0ct, strait, narrow, close ; j/
boct:, a close and fast hold.
£)octa, i. e. teagaj^jte, instruct-

b o

0

ed, taught ; Lat. doc t us.
boct<i.;m, to strain or bind hard.
boctfta;l, luxury.
bo-ctrjnjeab, a disjoining or un-

yoking.

bocum, an arbour.
bob, to thy ; bob ojlac, to thy ser-

vant; I'M. bo.
boba, of two, binarius.
boba;l, or bnoc-bajl, bad news.
boba;nj, difficult, hard; also dis-

mal, sad.

bo-et, sickness or disease.
bo-pi;c^eac, or b5-jr<x;cj-;on<xc,

invisible.
bo-px j<xl<x, hard to be found ; also

rare.
bojcx;fy-;, anguish, perplexity; id.

qd. bo jnan/7.
boja;m, to burn, to singe, or

scorch.
boj;i<x, sorrow, sadness, dullness,

stupidity.
bo jncuin, anguish, perplexity ; Kx

bo j;t<x;ne, a day of perplexity.
b5;b, plaster, &c.
b5;beat<ib, a daubing or plaster-

ing.
bo;b, to them : sometimes for b;bb,

i. e. bo ^;b, to, or from you.
bo;be<x,n, more rude or uncivil.
bo;becty-, vice.
bo;bne, sacrifice.
bo;b/i;t, boba./i, i. e. u;^z;e, and

;t, i. e. <x/iba^, sowens or gruel.
bo;c, quick, swift ; also early,

timely : its comparative is bojce,

the former, or foremast ; r>; bu^

bo;ce, earlier.
£>6;ce, hope, or confidence.
bo;-ce<xnn<xc, two-headed.
0o;c;m, to hasten.
bo;cme, i. e. bo cumta, ill-shaped.
£)o;b, the hand.
6ojbce, jf bo 15, i. e. bo ojbce

a%uf bo 15, by night and by

day.
bo;beajla, individual, indivisible,

spoken of a spirit.
179

a duel, i. e.

no cat, and bo or b;f .

a |X)tion.

, trust, confidence, hope.
j, a manner.
O5j j, fire.

Do; j, a guess or conjecture, opi-
nion, or supposition ; Gr. SOK^W,
pitto.

bo; j, a testimony.
bo; j, sure, certain, doubtless ; go-
bo; j, truly; bo;j £Ujt<xb, per-
haps ; ex. Oif bo; j t;n nbe nj
ft;ocpx;b go;c; a ta r;^ tcv;^
na joca, a^* boc<x bo ^iocbo;n
bo;b, it is certain that liars will
not approach the kingdom of
God ; but liars have a kingdom
(Hell) which they will undoubt-
edly approach.

b5; jeab and bo;g;m, to burn or
consume ; bD bo; j me, I have
burned or consumed ; also to
destroy, to singe.
Oo; je<Xft, a spear.
bo; j;m, to hope, to confide in.
bo; jl;d£, a touchstone.
b5;rn;om, injury.
bo;jte, pangs.

bo;le;ft, dark, obscure, mystical,
i. e. bo, negat., and le;^, mani-
feste, the oppcsite of ^-o;le;^,
evident.

bojlb and bO;tpe, dark, gloomy,
obscure, dusky; ceo bo;ljre, a
dark or thick mist ; also sorrow-
ful, mournful, sad.
bo;lbea^- and bo;tb;0j- and bo;l-
ie<x>-, sorrow, mourning, trou-
ble.
bo;ljea/- and bo;lj;o^, sorrow,

grief, trouble, affliction.
bo;lje, sore, hard, or trouble-

some.
bo;lje<ty-<xc, grievous, sorrowful,

sad.

bo;l;beacb, frowardne-.
bo;l;j, difficult.
bo;l;j, doleful, grieved, melan-,.V

b o

b o

choly; af bO;t;j <w bea/it, it
is a melancholy action.

bo;lle, blindness ; also dimness.

bo;m, poor.

bo;-me;;-, infinite.

bo;m;n, deep, profound.

b:>;mne, depth, the deep.

bo;nean, hard weather, inclement
times: its opposite is ^ojnean,
fair weather. It is more pro-
perly written bo or bon-pn ;
vid. fjon.

bo;n-beafij, of a reddish dun.

bo;ne;m, deep.

bo;nte, intelligible.

bo;nt:e, a small black insect.

Oo;/ib, an attempt.

bo;/tb, peevish, quarrelsome, dis-
satified, also hard or difficult.

bo;/tbce;fi;m, to frame or model,
to fashion.

bo;/ibeacb, peevishness.

bo;/tb;o^- or bo;/ibea^, anguish,
grief, sorrow.

bo;/ie, or bu;/te, a wood, (pro-
perly of oaks,) a grove; also
any thicket; &f an bo;/ie, out of
the thicket.

bo;-/ie<xma, bye-paths, impassable
places. ^

bo;-/v/<x/ib(X, difficult, ungovern-
able. ^

bo;/im;b<xp*b, lethargy.

the plural of bO;t<x^,
doors.

;fi, a porter.

bo;fyeo;/te<n.cb, doing the duty of
a porter.

bo;/tt;e<xl, a sink.

(Do;/tte<xc, that sheddeth or spil-
leth; bO;tteac-j:ol<x, a blood-
shedder.

;^, a spiller or sheddei ;
bo;/tt; jteojjKt, idem.

./-, affliction, misfortune.
, to spill or shed.
, burned ; c<xt;t<xca bo; jte,
burnt cities.

bo;te and ba;c, quick, active,
180

nimble.

Oojtceal, or bo;tc;oll, niggard-
liness, illiberality, or grudging ;
n; m<x;lle ;ie bo;tce<xl, not
grudgingly, also loathing. The
most proper English word I find
for bO;tce<xl is churlishness.

churlish, grudging,
and niggardly.

bo; j;m, to singe ; bo bo;t
<xn te;ne ;ab, the fire singed
them.

bo;t;/t, dark, gloomy, obscure.
bo;tj;t, ill-featured, ugly, deform-
ed; also dull, unpleasant, ill-
humoured.

;/t, a contract or covenant,
a kind of fishing-net,
bol, a space or distance.
bola;b, loss, detriment, defect.
bola;b, impatient; also intoler-
able.

bct<x;mgen, a two-handed sword.
-, grief, mourning, desolation,

<x;mrm cum bold;/-, a time for

. if, >

grief.

oloy, i. e. botce<xlt, abhorrence,
disdain, loathing.

xc, sad, melancholy, mourn-
ful ; also sick,
bolb, sorcery.

fiction.

:<x, hesitancy, slowness.
^XWUIKX, delay, loitering.
bolubc<x, stubborn, obstinate, in-
flexible.

bom, a house; Lat. domm. — Vid.
Archseol. Brit. Compar. Vocab.
p. 55, col. 3, in voce domus.
bom a, scarcity, want.
bom<x;n, transitory.
bom<x;/t;m, speech.
bom-<x;;im, i. e. teac M<X na/tm, an
armoury, or magazine of arms.
i, immortal.

the gall on the liver ;
genii bombld;^, also anger, cho-
ler; beoc. bombkx;r, a drink of
gall ; from bo, ill, and

b o

b o

gustus.
£)o-mbta7-ba, unsavoury, ill-tasted,

also insipid.

£>0-mbu;be<xc, unthankful.
£)6n)ab, the second.

mo;o, deep, hollow; bomujn,

O6m<x;n, genit. the world; bom<xn
(^orixvn--tobcxb or boroanux

a, cosmography.
<x/i, the earth, the world, the
terraqueous globe ; 50 tejt
;mc<xl <xn boroojn, unto the end
of the world.

omo;n for bo;mao;r>, bad, naught,
idle.
oroa;<, pro bu^, water ; rid. bo-

, hereditary; also a pa-
trimony, inheritance.

£>om jnd;", propriety.

bom-ljOf, a house surrounded by
a moat, or watered-trench, for a
fortification.

bomn<xc, or bomnac, a great house,
also a church. The epithet mo^t,
i. e. great, is generally subjoined
to this word when it means a
great building for residence, or
a church. Thus the church which
St. Patrick built on the banks of
the lake called Loch-sealga, near
Galway, was distinguished by
the name of borcnac-mo/t, i. e.
the great church. — Vid. Vit.
Tripart. par. 2, c. 52, and Ogyg.
p. 374. £)omnoic-mori OT)eol-
ujgce, i. e. the great house of
O'Healy, is the name of a town
and large parish in Musgry,
westward of Cork, formerly the
estate of a very ancient family
called O'Healy, a name to which
the present Lord Chief Baron,
Hely Hutchinson, is an orna-
ment of high distinction.

bomnac, the Irish name of the first
day of the week, since the es-
tablishment of Christianity in
181

Ireland. In the heathenish times
it was called £>;<x-Sul ; fid. £);a
and £)e, sup.

(Domnal, pronounced £)on<xl, the
proper name of several great
princes of the old Irish. From
an ancestor of this name the
princely family of the O'Donels
are so called. — / id. Conal-gol-
ban, p. 125. (Domnat geapnlci-
moic, otherwise called (Domn<xl
no. ^!b<x^<xc, was the eldest son
of roo^tOTmo^ O'O/ijen, king of
all Irelanct, who made him king
of Dublin, an. 1 1 15. This 60-
77 al gained a complete victory
near Dublin over the forces of
Leinster, commanded by their
king, £)onoc GOac-GQu/tca, who
was killed in the action, as was
likewise O'Connor, prince of
Ibhfailge. — fid. *4nnal. Innis-
fall. an. 1155. From this Donal
descended the Mac Donals of
Darach, who consequently are
the eldest and most direct de-
scendants of the great Brien
Boromhe, monarch of Ireland. —
Vid. Concubuft n<x C<xcci;i<xc, sup.
pag. 126, 127. From Mahon,
the younger brother of this Do-
nal, are descended the Mac Ma-
hons of Thomond. Whether
the Mac Donels of Darach still
subsist with any becoming dig-
nity, is what I am not enabled
to ascertain with sufficient evi-
dence. If the family of the
Mac Donels, who are now in
great splendour in the County
of Clare, and whose chief has
been representative for that coun-
ty in the last Irish Parliament,
belong to this prince's race : it
is their interest to show and as-
sert it, as it would add a very
high lustre to their family.

The above Donal's eldest son,
Connor, was king of Thomond

b o

b o

in the year 1155, he was made
prisoner by Cufiloj O'O/ijen,
ancestor and stock of the Tho-
mond branch, from a motive of
jealousy of the lineal right of
succession in supreme authority,
which Turlogh knew this prince
Connor was vested with as the
direct heir of Brien Boromhe ;
but he was delivered from his
imprisonment the same year by
the combined power of Turlogh
O'Connor, king of Connaught,
and be/imob G0<xc CTOu/ica, king
of Leinster; and after all, this
unfortunate direct heir of Brien
Boromhe had his eyes put out,
or bursted, by his cousin Turlogh
O'Brien, the stock of the Tho-
mond branch. It was pursuant
to this ambitious and bloody
maxim of the O'Briens of the
Thomond branch, that (Doncxt-
roo/ie 0'0/t;en, the son of this
same Turlogh O'Brien, attended
by a strong body of armed men,
being come to make a treache-
rous visit to Mahon O'Brien,
great grandson of Conno^i O'Ofi;-
en ^l<x Cat(Xfi<xc, and then the
direct representative of the eldest
branch of all the O'Briens, vio-
lently seized on his person at
his own residence in the castle
called Co.^"le<xn j C/)Onu;nT,
now Castle-Connell, east of Li-
merick, and there put out his
eyes to render him incapable of
asserting his hereditary right to
the crown of Munster. This
barbarous act was perpetrated
by Donal O'Brien in the year
1 175, who, by a just judgment,
was dethroned before the end of
the year by Roderick O'Connor
and other Irish princes ; but was
restored after some interval of
time by the assistance of his
father-in-law, the king of Leins-
182

ter, and that of the English ad-
venturers, more effectually than
by the peace he made with Ro-
derick, then styled king of Ire-
land.— P id. Annul. Innisf alien,
ad an. 1175, 1176.
bomnon, pj/i-boronon, the name
of a tribe of the Belgians who
settled in Connaught, after in-
habiting for some time the wes-
tern parts of Britain, now called
Cornwall and Devonshire, or
Denshire, where, in the time of
the Romans, they were called
Damnonii by some writers, and
Danmonii by others. — V. Cam-
den's Brit. bun-bomnan was
the name of a strong fortress
and seat belonging to those
Damnonians in Connaught ; and
Jo/i<x^ bun-bomnon was the dis-
trict in which it was situated.
borona^-co^m, to bind,
bon, of the, i. e. bo <xn ; bon
mu;nt;/i, of the family, or to the
family ; bon-<x/tcin, of the bread,
de pane, vid. bo; bo j<Xjft ye
bon tfolay la, he called the
light day.
bon, mischief, evil,
bon, although.

bona, corrupt, awkward, ungainly,
unfortunate ; bonajbe, the com-
parat.

bona;j<v;m, to destroy,
bonal, ((b<xc-bona;l,) Engl. Mac
Donel, the name of an ancient
and princely family of the pro-
vince of Ulster, whose large es-
tate was anciently situate in Or-
gialla, a tract which now com-
prehends the Counties of Louth,
Monaghan, and Armagh. The
chief of this family, who is the
Earl of Antrim, still enjoys a
very considerable estate. The
Mac Donels of Scotland are of
the same stock, all being sprung
from Colla-uais, king of Ulster

b o

b o

and Meath in the fourth century,
one of the three brothers of the
same name who destroyed Ema-
nia, the royal palace of the Ru-
derician race, ancient kings of
Ulster, and put an end to the
regal succession of that family
in the year 347. The Mac
Dowels, as also the Mac Rorys,
lords of the Hebrides, or Wes-
tern Isles of Scotland, and the
Mac Shyhys of Munster, are
sprung from the same stock. —
Ogyg. p. 362.

bonatan, (O'bonnatlajn,) a family
name, of which I find three dif-
ferent chiefs mentioned in the
Topographical ban of O'Dugan :
one in Ulab, or Ulidia, now the
Count\" of Tyrone ; another in
Orgialla, and a third in Con-
naught. I am not enabled to
point out the respective stocks
of these three families of the
same name. The estate of the
O'Donelan of Tyrone was Ce<xl-
letxc ^]<x;nBjt, which he enjoyed
in partnership with O'pedn^ujl;
that of O'Donelan of Orgialla,
jointly withO'Flin, was Jb Cu;^t-
tj^te, and the O'Donolain of
Connaught's ancient estate was
the territory called Cl<x;nbne<x-
pxll. I suppose the present ve-
nerable Bishop of Clonfert is
of this ancient family of the
O'Donalans of Clanbreasail, or
Cloinmbreassail, as the author
of Cambrensis Eversus writes it,
pag. 27, lin. 32.

xftc, naughtiness.
on<ty- andbonur, distress, misery,
misfortune, calamity.
- borm, of a dun or brown colour ;
e;c bonna, dun horses ; bonn-
pxB/t<xc, having dun or brown-
coloured eyebrows.

bonn, pregnant.

bonn, Ce<xc bo;nn, the west of
183

??at<xc in Kerry, where
bonn, son of Milesius, is said to
have been drowned on his arri-
val in Ireland.

bonncu, (O'bonncu,) the name of
a very ancient and princely fa-
mily descended from Cas, the
son of Core, who was the grand-
father of ^Engus, the first Chris-
tian king of Cashel in St. Pa-
trick's time. The O'Donoghues
were first settled in the country
now called the County of Cork,
where they were supreme lords
of that tract which extends from
Iniskean to the borders of Ban-
try, and from thence northward
to Ballyvurny and Macroom,
comprehending the territory now
called Ive-Leary, and all that
part of Musgry which was called
C)0u;-cnu;ie ; pbl<vjn, extending
from Ballyvurny to the river
Dripseach, (for the O'Flins were
a branch of the O'Donoghues.)
In the twelfth century the chiefs
of this family removed to Kerry,
being hard pressed by the Mac
Carties-Riagh and the O'Ma-
honys, and subsisted in great
sway as proprietors of all the
country about Loch-Lein and
Killarney, until the late revolu-
tions, when their estates were
confiscated, and given to the
present Lord Kinmare's ances-
tors.— Vid. Annal. Innisfal.

bonnec and bonnoc<x, rectius
bonncu, the proper name of a
man, very common among the
old Irish; hence GOac bonnoca,
English, Mac Donogh, the fa-
mily name of a branch of the
Mac Cartys, descended from
Dermocl Mac Carry, the second
son of COftmac p;on, who was
Mae-Carty-more, and prince of
Desmond, A. D. 1242. The large
estate of this familv was situate

b o

b 0

in the country called Duhalla,
westward of Mallow, in the
County of Cork, where their
grand seats and castles are still
to be seen, all in the possession
of the Earl of Egmont. Ano-
ther family of the name of Mac
Donogh, but of a different stock,
had a considerable estate in the
barony of Goran, County of
Sligo, in Connaught; a barony
which belonged first to the
O'Haras ever since the third cen-
tury, (vid. Ogyg. p. 334.) A
branch of this ancient family of
the Mac Donoghs of Connaught
removed to the County of Clare,
of whom descended Dr. Mac
Donogh, the late Bishop of Kil-
laloe.

£)o/t<xb, a line or rule.
£>0;ta;b, intricate.
(!)o/id}b, strife, dispute, contro-
versy, at variance.
C}o/t<x;nge<xcb, frowardness.
t, a battle or conflict.
, a door, Gr. accusat. pi.
Lat. januas, a Ovpa,
dempto a Ovp, Wei. dor, and
Angl.-Sax. door.
£>0fiala, it happened, an imper-
sonal verb ; Lat. contigit.
f £)o;ic<x, dark, black, dusky, &c.
Observe the near affinity of the
Irish Celtic with the German in
this word, as in great numbers
of other words throughout this
Dictionary.
£)o/icab<x^, darkness.
£)0ficab<x;m, to darken, to make
dark ; bo/tcot<x/t <xn la, the day
shall be darkened.

a humming, or muttering ;
hinc bo/tb irxx/tba, the office of
the dead, because it is commonly
read with that grave tone which
the French call Psalmodier. It
is improperly said o/tb ma/ib.
£)OKb<xm, to hum like a bee ; bo/t-
184

ban<x;nr, idem.
bo/ibcin, a humming noise, a buzz-

ing.

Ooftbujlle, folding doors; from
bo/i, a door, and bu;tle, a leaf,
or board.

£>0;ij<x, despicable.
£)o-;ija/tt<x, insatiable, ungovern-

able.
&0f\r>, the fist; Wei. and Corn.

durn, the hand.
£>o/in, a hilt, haft, or handle.
bo^nan, a handful.
£)'o;t-ncty*5, a gold ring or chain,

i. e. n<x/-g bo <xn 6/t.
£)0;incu/t, the haft or hilt of a
sword; <xgtty~bo cua;b <xn bo/in-
cu/i oyte<xc <xnb;<x^ n<x l<x;nne,
the haft also went in after the
blade.

, a round stone.
, anger, wrath, resentment.
, very rough, harsh, &c.
, rough, rugged.
, austere, harsh, unplea-
sant.

£>o/i/tb<x, fierce, cruel.
&0]\fir pftoct, a stirring to anger.
&0j\l\u) je, surly, grim.
Oojtt<x, spilled or poured ; <x/i n<x
bo/itoi <xm<xc, which are poured
out.
£>0/it:<xb, a spilling, pouring ; bo^-

t<xb j:ol<x, an issue of blood.
bo/iub<x, a line.
^)oiu;n5e<xc, uneasy.

, a door ; vid. bo/KXp
, a bush, bramble, or thorn ;
also a thicket ; hence bor signi-
fies, figuratively, a thick body of
men.

, froth or scum.
jin, a little bush or bramble ;
<x me<x^5 no. nbo^&n, amongst
the bushes ; <x nbo^-ano.;b, in
thorns.

, to him, anciently written

, unsearchable.

n

, a romance.
, troublesome, difficult.
, obstinate.
, unsearchable.

stubborn, intract-
able.

, or bob, to tliee, to thy ; i. e.
bo cu ; bot caojb, concerning
thee, or on thy side.
<!)6t<xb, singeing, scorching.

i, a river ; botu<v»t, idem.

, a conduit-pipe.
, hope, expectation.
c, confident, hopeful.
ib andbotcupvjm,to hope,
trust, confide, or depend.
t>o-te<x;z; <vjf£, indocile.
(Do-togta, rejected ; also hard to

be reared.

£>/tab, a spot or stain.
£)n<x<xcma, a dram.
, fire.
, anger.

.nn, a fire-shovel.
, the lesser bear-star, i. e.
the fiery-tail.

, a flint;
n, a dragon.

£);ta;c and b/iajj, a dragon ; Gr.
, and Cat draco.

, a thorn.

, fuel.
and

black-thorn.

and b/t<x;nt, grinning ;

, a hunch, or humpback.

and b^<x;nt;m, to

grn.

a sect of people, a commu-
nity ; b^am baojne, any society
of men.

ftam, much, plenty.
/^im<xbta;m, or b|t<xnil<x;m, to
kick, spurn, stamp, tread, &c.
- O/tatTKXjfC, a play, a comedy, or
tragedy, any stage performance ;
Lat. drama, and Gr.
, to srin.

185

, to mutter or grumble.
and b/tanog, a rhj-me or

metre.
O/iant: and b/t<xnncan, the snarling

of a dog ; also grumbling.
(D/tantranac, snarling, envious,

grudging, complaining.
(Dft<xo;, a druid, an augur, charmer,

or magician ; b»t<xo;ce n<x f)e;-

jjpre, the wise men of Esypt ;

plur. b^ao;ce, anciently written

b/iuj and brtujbte in the plur.
<Dfiao;be<i.cb and b/-iao;be<xcca,

mas;ic, or sorcery ; properly the

druidish form of worship and

sacrifices.

, thorns.
50 b/tfy-b<x, hactenus, hi-

therto.

^e, a sled.

, a wren ; vid. b^ean.

, a statuary.
or b;ijuc, the figure or

face of a person or thing; an

image or portraiture, a statue ;

Wei. drych, a looking-glass, the

countenance.
(Dnedcac, drawn, figured, deli-

neated ; also fair, handsome,

beautiful.

(3;te<xc<xb&n, a mould.
O;te<J.c<xb, a portraiture.
£);teac<xm, to figure.
£)ftedc'b<x, a troop.
b;teacb<xm, to signify.
b/tecxc-^omplcvb, a platform, or

ichnography, i. e. the represent-

ing persons or deities by certain

figures, or by words.
b;te<xct, a poem; also a draught

or pattern.
b/teact, an article.
£)fte<xcta, weakness.
£)/te<xjab, advertisement.
£)/te<X3<xm, to fight, to wrangle, &c. ;

also to certify or give notice.
£>;te<xm, a tribe or family; a band

or company, a people, &c. ;
, idem.

2 A

tic.

, fanatical, mad, fran-

, madness, furiousness.
c, perverse, foolish.
O^e<MT)n<x;n), to rage or fret.
(D/tean, bad, naught.
Ofiean, a wren ; Wei. driubh.
Ofie<xn, strife, debate, contention.
£>/ieo.n<nb, good.
<D;te<xnb<x, repugnant, contrary, op-

posite.

b/ieann, good.

<D/iecinn, contention ; also grief or
sorrow, pain ; g<xn b^ie<xnna,
without dispute.
O/te<xnn<xb, rashness.
£>jte<xnnam, to skirmish or en-

counter.

£)fie<vp<x;rte<xcb, or b/t<xp<xbo;^-
eacb, a climbing, or clambering
rather.

(Df<eap<xno, to creep.
&pe&f, place, stead, turn ; t<xba;/t

barn b/tecty-, give me a turn.
O/teoy and b/ieoyoj, a briar or

bramble ; plur. b^i^e<xc<x.
O^ea^-co;ll, a thicket, or place
full of brambles ; b/ie<xpY)un,
idem.

cb, a tale or story.
, three persons.
, a space ; b/iejb^e 5 fjr>,
a little while ago ; tr/ie^e,
idem.

£)/<e;m, an endeavour or attempt.
£)/ie;m;fle<xc, a gradation, or de-

gree.

O^e;m;^e, a ladder.
^)^e;m;^e-mu;^e, the herb cen-

taury ; Lat. centaurium.
£)/ieo jam, to grow rotten, to rot ;

also to wear out.
(D/teoUan, a wren ; b/teotlan
bu;b, a grasshopper.

> news ; a tale or story.
c, a tale-bearer.
-b, a rehearsal or relation.

l, prickly.

and b/iojc, a dragon.
186

angry,

the back; also a ridge of
mountains. N. B. The old na-
tives of Lybia called Mount At-'
las by the name of Dyrim, ac-
cording to Strabo, 1. 17, p. 645.
/t;ob<x/i, gore, or corrupt matter ;
also dregs, lees, or sediment ;
b^Joba/t n<x gcobac, the dregs,
or last of clowns.
£)/i;ob<x/ica, mixed with dregs.
, to drop or distil.
, to climb.

and bft;/-le, b^leac, a
briar or bramble ', plur.

and

Corn, dreez, Wei. drey sin; the
dimin. is b/tj^eoj, or bfij^teoj,
b/ij^leoin, and bfijfjn. It is of
the same literal construction as
the Greek name of the oak-tree,

id. bfiu;je<xn, infra.
, a sparkle; plur. bjtjtte-

, to sparkle, to shine.

fo/tjuc, a beak or snout.

b^ocdb, bo b^;uc <x polt <x
^iab, his hair stood at an end as
he spoke. — Fid. Caithr. Toird.

(D/tjucb, a standing at an end, as
the hair of the head.

£)/i6, a mason's line.

(D/tobtcty-xxc, miserable, pitiful.

b^Oc, and in its inflexions bfio;c,
denotes bad, evil ; b/to;c-t;on/"-
jndm, a conspiracy, or evil ima-
gination; b/to;c-jn;om, a trans-
gression, or bad action ; b/iOjc-
fjon, bad weather : in the Wei.
drug is bad, and hin is weather,
asdrykkin, bad weather; hence
it signifies short, penurious, spar-
ing.

£>/iOc, right, straight, direct.

£>/iOc, a coach wheel.

(Ityocab, or^b/to^cjob, a bridge;
b^ioc<xb-aca, Drogheda, a well
fortified town in the County of

b r?

Louth, on both sides the river
Boyne, joined by a good bridge,
seated near the mouth of the
river, which brings up to it ships
of great burthen.

b/tdcAnpdty", mistrust, jealousy.

(Dftocanpij/'ed.c, jealous.

(Dfioc-bottan, a bad smell.

(Dftocb, black, dark, obscure.

bjtoc-jrocal, a malediction ; a bad
character given of one.

6^.O
^oc-^ujbe, a bad prayer.

(D/toc-mapbab, murder, treacherous

homicide.

<b;ioc-mu;nte, saucy, insolent
Oftoc-te<xb, a bridge.
£)/iOc-tua;ft, an ill omen.
b/toc-tuajtafjbctjl, an evil report.
£)fto;bel, hard, difficult.
£>/to;c-jn;om, mischief, a crime,

or wicked act.

O/tojc;m, to wrong or abuse, to do
evil.

shortness of breath.
ill-will.

-ieac, mistrust.
£>;t6;be<xcb, vid. bft<x6;beacb, sor-
cery, divination, magic.

jean, the deep, or depth ; go
tojbnjb

cnoc<x;b, to the fountains and
depths that spring out of high
grounds and hills.

£)/to; jne<xc, thorns.

£>;tO;ml;n, the dimin. of b»<om<x;n.

b/tol, a bay, a plait, a loop ; also
a quirk, a stratagem.

£>/tolt<x, a pair of pot-hooks ; tyol,
idem.

O/tOm, otherwise written b^u;m and
brtjm, genit- bnoma and bfiujme,
plur. brtomana and bnombd, the
back, or back part of either man,
beast, or any other object of the
senses; Lat. dorsum, Gall, dos ;
seems to be one of those original
words that have been preserved
in most of the languages of the
187

posterity of Noah after the dis-
persion of the different tribes
descended from his children. It
is natural to think that the con-
fusion or alteration of the Ada-
mic language purposed by God
for effecting that separation, and
thereby peopling the world, did
not so universally affect all the
words of that first language, that,
absolutely speaking, none of
them should be preserved, even
as to their primary radical struc-
ture, in different dialects formed
by that confusion. The contrary
appears in several words through-
out the course of this Dictionary.
This word bnom, when applied
to the back of a man or woman,
is understood to mean the higher
part of the back towards the
shoulders ; as appears by its
being synonymous to IDU;T>, Lat.
mons, which, in both the Irish
and Welsh, signifies mount, hill.
or more properly the summit of
any rising ground; for we say
either <x;/t mo mu;n, or <xj/t mo
bftu;m, indifferently, to mean
upon my back. The genitive
case of this word is either b^u;me
or b/toma, as cnam t>|tom<x, the
back-bone. This same word,
b^om or b;tu;m, signifies also the
back or ridge, or summit of a
hill or mountain, and especially
of such hills as are extended in
the manner of a ridge through a
long tract, like the Pyrenean
Mountains, which run in one
continued chain from the ocean
to the Mediterranean. This
word bfiu;m, b/tom, or b/t;m,
makes the name of several hills
both in Ireland and in the Irish
parts of Albany or Scotland ;
and it has been observed above
in the word bft;m, that the old
inhabitants about Mount Atlas,

b n

'o n

who were the Getulians, called
that mountain by the name of
Dyrim, as we are informed by
Strabo, lib. 17, which is of the
same radical structure with the
Irish b/i;m ; and either Strabo
or his copyists might have erro-
neously thrown in the y after d.
I strongly suspect that the
word dromedarius. a kind of ca-
<t_ mel with two high bunches on
his back bone, might have been
derived from this monosyllable
bj-iom, because each of these
bunches may be considered as a
back or mount, and consequently
these being the most remarkable
badges of distinction in the frame
of that animal, his name may
very naturally be derived from
the plural of the word b/tom,
which is b;iomba, rather than
from the Gr. Spo/uae, velocitas
cursus, as imagined by Isidorus ;
for camels, as well as elephants,
are naturally sluggish and slow,
and all the celerity that can be
attributed to their march, pro-
ceeds only from the length of
their legs : in the same mecha-
nical manner that the shepherds
who stride away on the lands or
wilds of Bordeaux upon tall
stilts, on which they are raised
about ten feet from the ground,
go much faster by walking lei-
surely on their stilts, than they
possibly could by running on
foot with their utmost speed. I
also suspect that the word ca-
mclus, meaning a common camel
with only one bunch, or convex
protuberance on his back, is de-
rived from the Celtic mono-
syllable c<xm, which in Irish
Celtic means crooked, convex,
bowed ; as in the words c<xm-
bjiom<xc, crook-backed ; c<xm-
vc, bow-legged ;
188

n<xe, hawk-nosed, or eagle-nosed;
Lat. nasi aquilini, from being
bunched or raised in a convex
manner on its back; Gall, ca-
mus. And as the people of
Lybia called Mount Atlas by
the name of Drim, so it seems
those of Egypt used the word
drom to signify the summit or
back of any mount or high
ground: for I find in Strabo's
description of Heliopolis, built,
as he says, on a mount, in agger e
ingenti, with a temple of the
sun at the very summit, that a
paved long square, raised ridge-
way, which led into the temple,
was called Dromus, according
to Callimachus, cited by Strabo,
lib. 17. It would be too tedious
to name all the hills and high
grounds that had their names
from this word drom in Ireland
and Scotland. Thus,
£);tom-;"<x;leac, was the old name
of the hill of Armagh. <D/-iom-
bamgojfte was anciently that of
the hill now called Cnoctujnje,
or Knocklong, in the County of
Limerick. O/iom-pn;n is a long
ridge of high ground extending
from near Castlelyons, in the
County of Cork, to the bay of
Dungarvan, in the County of
Waterford, interrupted only by
the channel of the Blackwater,
near (D/iom-<xn<x, the seat of Lord
Grandison. (Dftom-ceat, a place
where several of the princes and
nobles of Ireland assembled in
council soon after the middle of
the sixth century. <D/iujm-<xlbar),
otherwise called Ofia;b-alb<xn,
by the Latin writers Dorsum
Albanice, was the name of a long
and high hill that separated the
Northern Picts from the South-
ern. This same word enters as
a component part into the names

or titles of some noble families
of Scotland, Drommond, Drom-
Lanery, &c.

Mom-jul, or Dromgole in Eng-
lish, the name of an ancient and j
respectable family of the Scan-
dinavians or Fin-Landers, who
adventured into Ireland in the
years 852, 853, according to all
our annals. These Scandina-
vians were afterwards the chief
inhabitants of Dublin, and gave
its name to a large territory near
that city, which is still called
Fingal. They continued in great
power in these parts until the
victorious monarch, Brien Bo-
romhe, destroyed the greater
part of them, and reduced the
rest to a state of perfect depen-
dance and subjection. Yet at
the arrival of the English ad-
venturers,, brought over by the
king of Leinster, there were
many respectable families of
those old Easterlings in Dublin
and Fingal, who by the com-
bined forces of the king of Leins-
ter and his English auxiliaries,
were obliged in process of time
to retire, for the most part, to
their country seats in Leinster
and Ulster. The Dromgole fa-
mily had anciently acquired a
considerable landed property in
the County of Louth, on which
they built the strong castle of
Dromgole's town, which was the
place of their residence until the
unhappy and murdering times
of Charles the First and the
usurper Cromwell, when a party
of the parliamentarian regicides,
commanded by one Anthony
Townsly, hanged M. Dromgole,
of Dromgole's town, at his own
gate. — rid. A. Brief Account
from the most authentic Protes-
tant Writers, printed at London,
189

an. 1747.

, a drummer.
, a dromedary.
n, the back.
£)/iom<xna, renouncing or declaring
against a thing or a person ; ex.
cu;/ijro n<x b/tomano. le;^, I re-
nounce to it, or to him.
CD^omcta, a surface.
£)/tom<xo;ne<xc, idle.
n, right, straight.
, sure, steadfast.
d, as <(o;b (D^ond, a territory
in Leinster, anciently the estate
of the O'Ryans.
, direction.
, a throne.

, to affirm or avouch.
£>fioncfto;ct:e, perpendicular.
£>ftonbuan<xro, to stop or shut close.
£);tOn j, a band or company ; plur.
b/ionjAjb, also a troop, multi-
tude, or sect.

an, the back.

, fear.

, a rafter; also a wain-
beam.

Ofiotlo;^, a carpenter.
£)ftu<xb, a charmer or magician.
£>/tuat<x;m, to commit fornication.
O/tub, a chariot.
Oftub, a house or habitation.
O/tuboj/i, . a cartwright, or coach-

maker.

Oftucb, a hearing ; also a rising up.
£)/tucb and b/uicb<xfl, dew; Gr.

(D/tuctd, be<x, i. e. joe and bl;0ct,

prosperity in corn and cattle.
Ofiuctu/i, whey.

O/iuctjn monab, a sort of herb
used in colouring hair.
, an enclosure.

, a slave or drudge.
, a dark place or recess.
, dew.

7, a kind of reptile.
(D/iu;b, a stare ; in the Welsh it is
dridu, and in the Armoric dret.

<D/iu;bjiT), to draw, also to shut;
bo bfiujb led, he drew nigh to
them.

£tyu;jean, pronounced b;iu;-ean,
or bfij-en, in two syllables, sig-
nifies the black-thorn bush ; its
pronunciation, as well as its con-
struction, is like the accusative
case of the Greek word Spue,
accus. Sptv, the oak-tree.

<D/iu;m, the back, the ridge of a
hill or houses; a nbfio;m, their
backs ; jra bftujro, backwards,
also the surface or outside of any
thing ; b/iu;nr and bjyjm ; vid.
b/iom.

<D/-iu;n, needle-work, embroidery;
aj jro jlu;m bftu;ne agur beaj-
taroa, learning to embroider;
b;ty-e b/iu;ne, the pursuit of em-
broidery.

<D;iu;neac, an artist, one that works
with the needle.

(Djtujneaca^, practice in needle-
work or embroidery; also artifice.

Jdpujf, lust, one of the seven mor-
tal sins which kill the soul.

<D;tu;;-eac, a leacherous person.

Oftuj^eamajl, leacherous, inconti-
nent, unchaste, dissolute.

(DrtuinWj to play the wanton.

61 „// 1 ' ill
/iu;p.ann, a bawdy-house.

(D/iuj-teoj/i, a fornicator.
(Dfiuroa, a drum.
<D/iumabo;/i, a drummer.
(D/tun)cla, a house-top.
(Dftunan, the back ; also the sum-
mit of a hill, or other place.

, id. qd. b/iooj.
, leachery, fornication ; lucb-

, whore- mongers.
t, a harlot, or other unchaste
person; Wei. drythyll, lasci-
vious.
£);<u£, foolish.
C^/iutd/ifiAnjtog, a bawd.
£)/tutt<xb;t<x;jiT), to blab out, or speak
foolishly.

, a bawdy-house,
190

, a fornicator.
u, and buc, or bubac, ink.

(Du, meet, just, proper, fit; also
kind for>

bu, a land or country ; also a vil-
lage, also a habitation, or place
of abode.

£)u<xc, a proper name of several
ancient Irish princes.

£)uab, labour, hardship, difficulty.

(Dudbaji, did eat. — Gen. 14. 24. —
Matt. 13. 4.

t)u<xbmu^, laborious, hard, difficult.

£)uab-ob<x;/i, a handicraft, hard
labour.

£)u<xe, a dwelling-house.

£)u<x;qn;u j<xb, to disfigure ; <jy
;omba b/ie<xc <xobb<x ba bu<x;c-
n;ujj<xb y^n cat ^-o, many a
handsome face disfigured in this
battle. — FzW.C<xjc-^e;n)-CJ70;/i-
be<xU>u;3, ad an. 1310.

bu<x;b, or bu<xjr, evil.

£)u<xjl, v^- bu<xl.

bu<xjte, propriety.

£)u<x;;ic, surly, stern, ill-humoured.

t)u<x;/te;b, so often.

(Dua}f, a reward, a present.

(Dual, part or duty, office; also
meet, just, proper ; ba/t bual e,
to whom it belongeth, also kind
for; bub bual bo fjn bo b£<x-
it was kind for him to do

so.

(Dual, a law, &c.
(Dual, a fold, or ply of a cord.
(Dual, a lock of hair.
(Dualujbe, an engraver.
(Dualujbea/', sculpture, engraving,
(Dualam, to carve, or engrave.
(Dualga;-, hire or wages, duty, &c.
(Duaro, a city ; Brit, dinas.
(Duan and buanoj, a rhyme or

poem; and buanajje, or jrea/t

bua;n, a rliymer or versificator.
t>uana^tea^, a senator.
(Duanc/iujteacb, policy ; bu<xn-

jao;^", idem.
(Dua^t, a word, or saying; also a

U

6 U

metre or verse consisting of four

quartans.

bub<x;ftt, an earnest prayer.
bub, black, dark ; bub;bbnn, a dark

brown colour ; bub-beabac, hav-

ing black teeth ; hence bub sig-

nifies ink.

bub, great, prodigious.
bub<xc, a tub ; buba

a tub of sweet milk; pronounced

bouac.

bub<xc, melancholy, sad, dejected.
bubac, ink.

bub<xcu;-, sadness, melancholy.
bubaban, an ink-horn, or stand-

dish.

bub<xb, mourning.
bub<x;je;n, the deep; from bub

and <x;jejn, ocean; bub<x;3e;n

no, p4JW$e, the bottomless

depths of the ocean; vid. <x;-

bub<x;lce, vice, the opposite of

yub<x;lce, virtue.
bub<xll<xb, want.
bubalta, doubtful, uncertain.
buban, a hook, a snare ; le bub<x-

n;b ;<jyj<x;;te<xct<j., with fish-

hooks.

buban, a kidney.
bub<xn-alla, a spider.
bub-co/M.6, the herb maidenhair.
bubcujl, a beetle.
bubjrocal, a word out of course, an

enigma.
(DubjOfimojm, to be black and

blue.
bub-Loc'lonn<x;cc, the Danes, from

Denmark; and the pjonn-Loc-

lonn<vjcc, those from Norwegia.
bubdj, a lake.
t)ubfi<xb, to say; bubftdb, it was

said ; m<x^o. bub<i;^c fe, as he

said.

£)ublo;ce, melancholy.
Oub-^nam<x;be, a diver; the bird

called didapper.

-, a house, room, or habita-

tion, also a gloomy wood ; from
191

bub and j\0f, a wood.

£)ub;"lcu), defiance.

bub^^c.;t, foundation.

bubtOjll, haemorrhoi, the swelling
of the veins in the fundament. —
PI.

bubla, a sheath, case, or scabbard.

£)ubl<x; j;m, to double.

£)uc<jy, a visage, countenance.

bucon, war, battle.

bub, the ear.

bub, or bujb, a tingling or noisy
buzzing in the ear, proceeding
from an obstruction whereby the
air that is shut up, continually
moved by the beating of the ar-
teries and the drum of the ear,
is lightly reverberated.

buab;^e, a trumpeter.

bub <x, chalybs, steel.

buboj, a pat upon the ear, a little
stroke on it.

buboj, a measure of liquids con-
taining a dram, commonly made
of horn.

buboj, a trumpet or horn pipe.

bujbedl, quick, nimble, active.

bu;bc;0f , tribute ; jro. bubc;o^,
tributary.

bujbcjbe, a duke.

bu;be, darker, blacker.

bujbe, blackness ; also ink.

bu;be<3ic<xn<x;^e, depth.

bu;be<xlt, switt or nimble.

bujbe<x/tc<x, vernacular, or pecu-
liar to a country.

bujbelne<xc, a necromancer.

bujbgeann, a sword, a dagger.

bujbgejnte, the Danes, i. e. the
black nations.

bujbjljar, the spleen.

bu;bte<xb, a doublet.

bu;f <xm, orb; j;m, to cluck as a hen,

bu;l, an element ; n<x ce;t^e bul-
te, the four elements ; also a
creature.

bujt, delight, desire.

bu;l, partition or distribution.

t, anxious, sad, melancholy.

6tl

Ou;le and bu;lejn, a leaf, a fold.
Ou;le<xro, God, because Creator of

all things.
Ou;te<MTi<x;rt, God.
Ou;learr)anacb, the Godhead.
Oujleamantoi, of or belonging to

the Godhead.
Ou;le6^<x, folding doors, the leaves

of a door, or the leaves of trees.
Oujljne, wages, hire.
Oujl;m, to take pleasure or de-

light ; bujlj j me, I desired, or I

found pleasure in.
On; tie, a green bough or leaf;

also the leaf of a book.
Ou;Ue<xb<x/i, leaves, a leaf of a

book.

Ou;le<xb<Xfi<xc, full of leaves.
Ou;lle<n.can, a book, or the leaf of

a book.

£>u;tle<xn, a spear.
Oujleog and bu;lean, diminut. of

bu;lle, leaf, either of a tree or

book ; also the fold of a door ;

Wei. deilen.

OujUeojac, leafy, full of leaves.
Ou;tteu;/i, of or belonging to

leaves.
OujUJjjm, to bear or bring forth

leaves, to bud, to spring.
(Dujllrojol, a caterpillar ; Lat. con-

volvulus.

(Du;ro, poor, needy, necessitous.
Ou;ne, a man, either the male or

female sex : it is a general name

for man, like the Lat. homo ; its

root is the same with the Greek

verb Swa/uuti, possum; vid. j:e<Xfi

and • pjfl, infra, Wei. dyn, C.

Den, Ar. den, Ger. daen and

diener, a servant, and Cantarbr.

duenean, idem.
Ou;ne<xb<xb, manslaughter ; j<xc

olc r/ pxn bpman ;b;/i jreall

Ou;nn, to us, i. e. bo ;nn or
Oujnoj/tcncac, an assassin or mur-
derer ; <xb bea/it f)<\l ptju i c;<x
bon b;^* yeo jf |:e<x/i/i t;b bo
192

u

, <xn e 6
no <xn e

an oak-tree ; hence the let-
ter (D is called Oajp ; Wei. and
Cor. Dar.
l/tc, rude, rugged, surly; vid.

, a wood or grove of oaks.
, stupidity, insensibility, Lat.
duritieg, also obstinacy ; ex. bo
b buie no.

<xn UfiroOft, such was the obsti-
nacy of the battle, &c. — Vid.
Cdjc/tejiD Cbojftbectlbajj, ad
an. 1318.

a crow.

, a precious present or favour,
hence a jewel.

, a sanctuary.
, a spout.

, a client.

, awaked ; bu;^-; jte, zWem.
dbu^-j<xm, to awake.
, to awake, to rouse up.
, unto thee, i. e. bo tu ; bu;t-
^e, idem.

£>ujtb<vj/-t, deformed, ugly ; also
dark, gloomy.

na bojbce, the morning.
, a snare or trap ; also a fishing
with nets.
Oal, the terraqueous globe.
, a satyrist.

, to go; bo but ta/t, to pass
over; bo but a mu j<x, to be lost ;
but <x/t <x n<xj<x;b, to proceed.

a pin or peg.
Outb<x;;t, doleful, unpleasant.
£>ulc<vr)<xc, dirty, miserly, pitiful.
£)ulc<xn and bulc<x^<xcb, avarice,

covetousness.
^)uttaob, a page.
OUITXX, a place of gaming, as burria

Oun, a strong or fortified house, a v
fortress, or fastness ; a habitation '
built on a hill or mount, such a

6 u

U

position being generally the fit-
test for defence; but the true
meaning of this word in Irish is
a strong and well barricaded ha-
bitation, as appears from our
having no other verb, at least in
common use, to signify the act
of shutting or making fast, but
bunci;m, which in its second per-
son singular of the imperative
mood makes bun, Lat. clattde,
occlude. Tills monosyllable is
one of those primitive and prin-
cipal words that have been pre-
served in various different lan-
guages. (Dun was in common
use in the Celtic of Gaul, and
gave name to several places or
habitations, as Lugdunum Au-
vustodunum, &c. We find the
same word used in the same
sense in the Cantabrian or old
Spanish ; the Anglo-Saxon wr>rd
town is of the same structure
and meaning. It appears by the
very name of the capital of Bri-
tain, I mean London, called both
Londunum and Londhu/m by
the Romans, that the old Britons
had the word dun in their lan-
guage. The name of that fa-
mous town is constructed of
long, which in old Celtic signi-
fies a ship, and bun or b;n : for
in our old Irish the two writings
are used indifferently, (uid. b;n,)
the compound of which signifies
a town or station for ships. The
names of a great part of the an-
cient strong habitations of the
old Irish begin with the word

i, now Wick-
low; (Dun-cea^mna, now the
old Head of Kinsale; (Dun-
jlaj;te, a regal house near Sl;a5
CO;;-, in Munster; (Dun-Cljac,
another royal house near Knoc-
aine, in the County of Limerick ;
(Dun-C/i;omta;n, the palace of
193

an Irish king near the hill of
Howth; (Dun-jftot, one of tho
regal houses of Munster near
the Gailty-hill ; (D~/n-b<x Leatr-
jla^, now Down, a bishop's see
in Ulster, the bury ing-place of
St. Patrick, S. Columcille, and
St. Bridget; Oun-Ou'cljne, au
ancient name of Dublin, literally
signifying the castle of the Black
Pool, the water of the river
LifFey being very black towards
the harbour ; (Dunn a Seab, Bal-
timore, &C.
The old Irish had four sorts

of habitations, viz. 1°. ,

city; '23. Odjte, a town; Lat.
villa, called also Odjlle CTDo/t, it'
a large town ; 3°. (Dun, a strong
or fortified habitation ; 4n- Oj\uj-
jenn, otherwise called 0;tuj. —
i "i/l. Cor-Aj't and O/iu; jean and
0/tuj, supra, where it is re-
marked that those words are or
were preserved in different other
old languages in the same sense,
and in the same radical struc-
ture.

cDunab, a house, a habitation ; also
a camp.

(Djnab, a multitude.

<Duna;m, to shut up, to close toge-
ther, to join ; n] pejb;,* <x bunab,
it cannot be shut.

^)un-a^ta^, a habitation.

Oan-ljOf, a palace.

(Dun-manbvXb, homicide, man-
slaughter.

<bun-ma/tbt:ac, a manslayer.

Ounn, a doctor or teacher.

(Du;t, stupid, dull ; bujne bu/t, a
blockhead ; also hard ; Lat. d ti-
nts .

(Duft and buOfi, water, June buplu/~,
watergrass, or water-cresses ;
Gr. v$&p.

Ou/ta;n, affable.

t>ufta^, a house or room.

£>u;tb. a distemper or disease.

2B

b U

b u

bu/in, a fist, a hand; Ian buj/in,. a
handful.

bu/itrac, a temple.

bu^ceac, a cell, a pilgrim's hut,
or cabin ; bu;tt:e<xc b;t/ieab<vjc
naomc<x, the holy anchoret's
cell, &c.

bu;-tur)t<x, rigid, morose.

bu/*, in order to, that, to the end
that ; jo Jibeac<x;nn bon c<xta;fi
bu^ <x bpa ja;n ne<xc bu m<x b<vjl
n^b bom e<xl<xjb;n, till I. go to
the city, to the end that I may
there find some person who may
want my goods.

a fort; bu^-^.;t, a place of
refuge, or safety.

bu/-<x;ta, a client.

and t>uf&f, watchfulness.
I, a woman-client.

a calling, appellation,
c, a client.

nature, or the place of
one's birth.
but<xca/t otlanKXntd, fee farm,

feudam.

but<x;b, a land, a country,
butamajl, of a good family,
butctx, genuine,
butca^ac, an inhabitant ; one

from the same country,
butftacb, diligence, kindness.
but/t<xcbac, diligent, urgent, kind,

REMARKS ON THE LETTER C.

C is the fifth letter of the Irish alphabet, and the second of the five
vowels, of the denomination of caol, or small vowels ; it is sometimes short
and sometimes long, and thus answers the Greek E and rj, as Capelles in-
geniously observes of the Latin : E vocalis, says he, duarum Grcecarum
vim possidet, nam cum corripttur, E est, cum producitur r\ est. It is in
Irish called Cab<x, or Caba, from eaba, the aspen-tree ; Lat. tremula ;
which is commonly called C/t<xnnC|ijo£<xc, and is not unlike the name of
the Greek vowel rj, and the Heb. n. It is commutable only with ), and
is very often, but especially in ancient manuscripts, written and used for )
indifferently ; and we find this indifference common to the Latins, as Dii
lor Dei, fieri for here, vespere and vesperi, cinis and ciner, impubes and
irnpubis, omnis for omnea, from decem is formed undecim, from emo,
premo, is formed redimo and comprimo. C is the prajpositive vowel in
the five diphthongs and triphthongs, called na cujj beabba, or he<xb<xb,
or the five eph thongs, viz. ea, eo, eo;, eu, e;, and of these the Hebrews
have eu, as Heb. 'plpttf ; but the Gr. and Lat. have both EU and ei, as
Lat. heu, hei, and Gr. tu, Ivat. bene, Gr. e<Sa>, Lat. video, &c.

e and e<xb, are negatives in Irish,

as e-bejmjn, uncertain.
C and j-e, he, it ; c 70. be, who is

he ? rf) be fO, it is not this.
C, an interjection importing grief;
194

e cf

Lat. hei.

e<xb<x;i and e<xb<x/i, mud, mire, &c.
Ccxbab, the aspen-tree ; hence the

name of tl 10 leller 6.

.b, the Hebrew tongue ; Cd-

b;ta.;;r, the same.
Cab/tabac, a Hebrew, one of the

Hebre\v nation.
Cab/tab, iron.
C<xb/iOn, a pan, a chaldron.
Cabu/t, ivory ; Lat. ebur.

Caccea^tt, iniquity, injustice.

Caccomlan, injustice, oppression.

Caccomla;m, to omit.

Cacco/iac, mad, doting, absurd.

Cacconn, rage, madness, want of
sense.

Caccon, or eajcon bujne, a silly,
foolish man : for cc, or double c,
is pronounced always like £.

Caccoj-j, the face or countenance.

Caccoj-j, a degree.

Cacco^-j, a framing or building.

Caccopi)u;l, unlike.

Cacco^mu;le and -leacb, dispa-
rity.

Cac, ahorse; Lat. equus; in the
genit. sing, and nom. plur. it is
e;c ; eac-co;ml;onja, a drome-
dary.

Cac, any.

Cacac, having many horses.

Cacac, -cfojb Cacac, a barony in
the west of Carbury, in the
County of Cork, the ancient es-
tate of the O'Mahonys.

Cacb and eact, a condition, &c. ;
vid. act; also or, either, unless.

Cacba, clean, pure, neat, decent.

Cacbarn, to do, to act.

Caclac, a servant, a post-boy,
news-carrier; also a soldier's-
boy, a knapsack-boy, a sarson.

Caclafj, a rod, a whip to drive a
horse; from eac, a horse, and
l<ty~g, a lash.

Cacmac and eacmonj, to happen
or fall out; as eacroac bujne
b;ob fjn 50 ftojnn bon beaj b;a
bo bjob aco p^ja, a man of them
happened to be there, who dis-
tributed part of their small pro-
vision among them; eacmonj |
t/ta )n a/to;le b<x;mpjt cat ;b;;t j
19.5

f)j/icanu;- A^U;- 71; j no. f)a/ta-
b;a, at another time a battle
happened between Hircanusancl
the king of Arabia. — L. B.

Caen 0.6, blasphemy ; jy polluf
ju/t /to cualaba;/t <\nojf an
eacnac, mine and is t Is blasphe-
miam. — L. B.

Cac/tab, horses.

Cac/ia.;/-, rowing.

Cacfiajf , a fair.

Cact, an accident that moves sor-
row or compassion ; &f mo/i an
teact tujtjm Ua^j, Thady's
fall is a great cause of sorrow.

Cact, an achievement, feat, ex-
ploit ; ex. jrea/t eactra, a brave
man.

Cact, a condition.

Cactama;l, conditional ; also hav-
ing great performance.

Cact/tab, an adventure, or adven-
turous uncertainly; no;n;c <x/~
fea/t/t eact/tab no. a;/t;jte,
proverb.

Cactftan and eact/tannac, a fo-
reigner.

Co£tr/toca};t, a prey or spoil ; also
unmerciful.

Cact:jtoca;/teac, merciless : but
more commonly and properly
eab-t/tocaj/teac.

C ab, is one of the ten negatives of
the Irish in compound words, as
eab-ttajt, eab-clarac, undaunt-
ed, intrepid : these ten negatives
are in the followin Irish verse:

I O / * > o^ / 7

C, eab bo, b;, n; bo/tb b;mea/-.
Jnj, mj, n; mob cejlge.
t)e;c nbjaltab na 3^°J^jlse-

Cab, jealousy, also zeal ; genit.
eaba ; bean eaba, a jealous wo-
man.

Cab, eut, obloquy, reproach.

Cabac, clotlies, raiment ; eabac
^tojn, sackcloth.

Cabojjjm, to clothe, to cover.

Cabajl, profit, advantage ; vid.

eabal.

Cabajlleac, an Italian.

Cabajngean, weak, not strong.

Cabajngneact, weakness.

Caba;/te, a jealous lover.

Cabajpimea;-, the art of invention.

Cabal, or eaba;l, gain, profit; also
a prey, spoil, or booty.

Cabalac, profitable.

Caban, the forehead ; a/t meaban,
on my forehead.

Cabanan and eabnan, a frontlet.

C aba/1 ja;/te, corrupted from ea-
ba/t-^ga^/te, divorce, or separa-
tion. Note that ea without a
long stroke over it, as in this
word, is pronounced like a, but
with that sign over it, sounds
like ai in the English words
maid, laid, or as a in the words
trade, made, &c.

Caba/igna, ingenuity.

Caba/tjna;m, to know, to distin-
guish.

Caba/tju;be supplication, inter-
cession; eaba/t jujbe na naom,
the intercession of saints.

Caba/tnajb, fraud, malice, deceit ;
also an ambuscade; ;to jrag ea-
ba/tna;be ;nn gac bealtac 6
f)n 50 treamcxj/t, i. e. he left
men in ambuscade on every road
from thence to Tara. — L. B.

Caba/t^-gajn, an interposer.

Caba/tta, noon, or dinner-time.
This word I judge should be
rather eaca/tta, i. e. between
two ; as the sun is at noon ex-
actly midway between east and
west.

Cab-bo j/tj-jjjm, to naturalize.

Cab-bojmjn, shallow.

Cab-botca;-, despair.

eab-bot:c{X^<xc, despairing,
spending.

Cab-botc<fy-<\;ro, to despair, to be
out of hopes.

ulang, intolerable ; also im-
patient.

196

de-

, time, opportunity, season ;

jan eoiba, without time.
Cab, yea, yes; n; beab, no* so,

nay.
Cabab, an aspen-tree; also the

name of the <xe, and the diph-

thong ea ; eabab.
Gabon, namely, to wit.
Cabma/t, jealous.
Cabma;/ie and eabma;/ieact, jea-

lousy.
Cdbmeobanac, immediate ; and

e;b;;imeobanac, mediate.
Cabo;bj j;m, to despair, be out of

heart.
Cabotrca^*, despair; vid. eab-bot-

Cabjt and eaba/i, in compound

words is the same with ;b;/-i, be- y-

twixt, between ; Lat. inter.
Cab/iab, between thee, i. e. eaba/t

"ca ; eabfiatn, between me, i. e.

eaba/t me ; eab;tu;n/i, between

us, i. e. eaba/t jnn, no f)nn; '

eab/tu^b, betwixt you, i. e. ea-

ba/t ;b, or £;b.
Cab/tocb, plain, manifest.
Cab-ta;/t;^;occ, alienation, ill-

will.
Cab-tlajt and eab-tlatac, coura-

geous, strong, undaunted, in-

trepid.
Cab-t/ieoj/t, imbecility; also ir-

resolution.
Cab-r/teo/tac, ignorant of the way :

also weak.
Cab-t/tono, light, brisk, nimble ;

also giddy.
Cab-t/tomacan,eab-t/tomu jab and

eab-t/tu;roe, lightness, ease, com-

fort, riddance.
Cab-tr/toman, a bladder: pronounc-

ed eab/toman.
Cab-tualanj, incapable, unable;

a^* eab-tualanj me a/t <x pu-

lanj, I am^not able to bear it.
Cab-u/tlab/tab, a solecism.
Cab-u/tcam, of old.
Caj, is one of the Irish negatives,

•

as ear-c/tuoy, sickness; cCvj-

coj/t, injustice.

Caj, i. e. ecyja, the moon.

eCv£, death.

- Caja, ice; l;ce edja, flakes of
ice.

Caj<xc, deep.

, to die, to perish.
?, ((Dac-C<XT<&jn,) a family-
name, whereof I find four diffe-
rent septs, two in Connaught,
i. e. one in Breiffne, whose lord-
ship was the district called
Q<v/n j:e<X)t<x:r>uj je, and the other
in Conmojcne, or Sjol-<xn<xm-
cu;be, who was toparch of Clcijn-
bjanmaba, in the principality of
O'OOcxbagajn, or O'CDabjn ; ano-
ther GOac-eagdp. who is other-
wise written O'QeagCxjn, was
one of the eight toparchs de-
riving under O'Carol in the
country called C}le ; C/jeanbujl
or Elia Carolina, now partly in
the King's County and partly in
Lower Ormond, in that of Tip-
perary; and the fourth sept of
the Mac-Eagains were dispers-
ed through the Counties of Cork
and Kerry, the chiefs of which
were hereditary judges of the
courts of Brehon-laws under the
jurisdiction of the Mac Carty-
Mores, kings of Desmond. A
gentleman of this family of the
Mac-Eagains, by name Oaoclac
or boetjaf GOac-Cajan, was the
Roman Catholic Bishop of Ross-
Carbury, in the reign of King
Charles I. of England, who
having engaged himself with a
partyjsf the confederated Roman
Catholics, as their spiritual di-
rector, in an expedition tending
to relieve the town of Clonmel,
and being taken prisoner of war
by Lord Orrery, was immediate-
ly, and without examination or
trial, ordered to be hanged like
10?

a common malefactor ; contrary
to the laws of war, of nations.
and of common humanity.

, a bottom ; hence poll bub-
<x;ge;n, or bub-eagajn, an abyss.

i, order; bo cu^i fe <x nea-

, he put in order.
to set in order.

a carron.

, a sick or dying groan,
or plaint ; from e<\j, death, and
plaint or moan.
a sounding line.
, falsehood, injustice ; also
wrong.

vgco^z;, a face, form, figure, or
countenance.

g-c/iucvjb, sick, weak, feeble :
more properly in the literal ex-
plication it means, not firm ; Lat.
infir/ni/s.

, infirmity, sickness.
b, unfit, improper.
el, fear, dread, apprehension ;
eagta 30, lest that.
C<xjlac, fearful, timorous.
CtAgl^m, to fear ; also to frighten,
or deter, to affright ; bo eaglo.;-
be<xb<xn jo mo/t, they were ex-
ceedingly afraid.

Cagta;^, the church ; Wei. egluys,
Lat. ecclesia, and Gr. tKK\i]ma,
gen. ecvjajl^e, or e<xgl<x;^e.

7-e<xc, of or belonging to
the church, a churchman, or
clerman.

becoming a clergyman.

C<xjlan, a biting.

, ecclesiastical.

without ;
la; me, without a hand.

, reputation, fame.

very great ; g;tab
c, very great love.
Co.gro;n, about ; circa.

a, prudence, wisdom ; rid.

wise, prudent,, discreet;

e rf

and eagnojbe, a philosopher.

Cajnac, or eacnac, blasphemy;
bo ]\jnn an f ea/t ub eacnac, bo
;tab <xn ^aga/it, ;^ jrollu^ 50 ;to
cu<\U<xb<x;^i <x noy-a an eacnac,
bo jrfieaja;/! na Juba; j, jf bj-
obba ba;;r~ bu;nn e, that man has
been guilty of blasphemy, said
the priest, it is evident that you
have heard now the blasphemy ;
the Jews answered, he is our
mortal enemy, or an enemy who
deserves death; 5 bo conaj/ic an
naom <xn fl) j ag eacnac Qvjoj-b,
<xgu/" aj ab/tab beaman, when
the saint (Patrick) saw the king
blaspheme Christ and adore de-
mons, &c. — Leaba/t b/teac.

Cagnac, a complaint, also resent-
ment, also a cause of grief and
sorrow; as prnba Cagnac a;/i

C<xgn<x;be, a wise man, a philoso-

pher. p
Cajrxxjbjm, to complain, to ac-

cuse.
C<xjna;^c, querulous, full of com-

plaints; nj/i bu e<xjna;/tc, n;/i

bu ealc, non querula neque ma-

levola erat.

, love; a/i eagrxxj/ic <x
, propter amoremfilii ; vid.

Brogan in Vita Brigidae ; writ-

ten indifferently eujnaj/tc, or

, a mediator.
bjm, to set in order.
Cag;tuab, impotent.
Caj-^<X(T)u;l, singular, matchless;
from eag, wow, and ^-<xmu;l, si-
milis.

Caj^-amajl, strange, surprising, ex-
traordinary ; also various, di-
verse, mixed.

and

strangeness, variety, diversity.
and

to vary, to diversify.
C&£r<xmluT<xb, a varying or chang-
198

U)g. ^

Cal, fainting; aj bul a neal, faint-
ing; vid. neal.

Cala, a swan.

Calab and ealaban, learning, skill,
knowledge; also an art or sci-
ence.

Calabanta, artificial, curious, in-
genious.

Cala;b;m, to stalk ; also to steal
away, to desert, &c.

Calajbteac, a revolter, or deserter,
one that sneaks ofi^ or steals
away.

Calanj, a fault, or flaw.

Cala/t, salt.

CalBa, a herd, or drove.

Calc, malicious, spiteful, envious,
&c. ; r?;/< bu eajna;^c, n;/i bu
ealc, non erat querula, non ma-
levola. — Brogan in Vit. Brigid.

Calcma/i, envious, spiteful ; also
lazy, sluggish.

Calg, noble, excellent ; hence Jnjf
Calga, a name of Ireland.

Calojab and ealujab, sneaking,
stealing away.

Cal;uj;m, to sneak off, to steal
away; as bo ealu;jeaba/t bon
cat/ta^;j, they got by stealth
into the city.

Call, a trial, a proof, or essay.

Callaba;/t, a vast number, a great
multitude.

Callac, a hearth ; a/t an teall<\c,
upon the hearth.

Callac, a burden, or load.

Callac, cattle of any kind.

Callac, an artful trick.

Callac, a battle.

Calla;je, household stuft^ furni-
ture.

Callam, wonder, astonishment.

Callam, cattle given by way of a
portion.

Cal^cab, coziness.

Calta, repentance.

Calra, a flock, herd, drove, trip,
rout, pace, &c. ; ex. ealca ean,

e <f

a flock of birds ; ecvlcci mac,
a herd of swine; e<xltd b<\m,
a drove of bullocks ; e<xltr<x 50.-
bd/t, a trip of goats; e<itt<i ma-
bu;be tillta, a rout of wolves ;
ealra xx^yajl, a pace of asses ;
also a tribe or family, as e<ilta
ua

ealta nrn/tc<xc, a troop of the ca-
valry ; a;t;b b;n-e<xltac, places
resounding with the melody of
birds;

Caltajbe, white.

Cattjn, a razor.

Caman, the principal regal house
of Ulster, anciently the seat of
the Ruderician kings of Ulster.

Camojn, double; and e<xmanta,
the same.

eama;n/-e, wisdom.

Camp<x;b, a kind of stone.

Ccin, eun, and en, a bird, a fowl ;
e<xn pon, an osprey.

Can and an, water.

Can, any ; <x^t ecin-co/t, in anywise,
at all, in the least ; <v^ g<xc ean
cOft, by all means; rid. <xon.

Canbo., a simple in physical drugs.

e<xng, a year.

Ccinj, a track or footstep.

Cannae, a fishing net ; also a chain
of nets, such as is used for
salmon and herrings.

C<xn j<vc, a babbler.

Cdn-jto/1, of one voice or speech.
la, an anniversary feast.
, a lining.

", bad or weak drink with
bread, as milk mixed with wa-
ter.

, generosity, also dexte-
rity at arms, prudence, &c. ; <i
^e eangnam na Locl<xnn<xc bo
majft S<xn ODojco^ib ycin, the
dexterity of the Danes (at arms)
was known to be inherited by
that Moghchorb. — Fid. Anncil.
In nisf alien.

, they advanced, or went
199

forward.

Ccintujfteacb, fowling.
Ctxnnec, innocent.

, at once.

, a nettle ; neantog, idem.
, on purpose ; also in one
bulk; be<inco;^5 is the usual
expression.
Ccin-t:6;tt:, of any manner or sort.
C<xn-ua;/ie, one hour ; pe<x/t-eci-
nu<x;/te, a way-taring man that
stays not above an hour in a
place.
C<xni/c, a eunuch.

b, an unity.
, a head.

, fear, mistrust.
C<x/t<x;m, riding.
C<X;t<xm, to refuse, to deny ; bea^KX-

ba/t, they refused.
C<X;t<x;^*, the end.
C<x/tb, or pea/tbog, a roebuck.

, to tell or relate ; 50 nbu-
;ne<ic no. 7"<ij<x^c pie
c;m cu ajp O;<x beo
ea^bo. bujnn <xn tu C^tjo^t:
C0<ic be, so that the high priest
said unto Jesus, I conjure you
by the living God to tell us if
you are the Christ the Son of
God.— L. B.

C<Xftb, an offer ; also command.
Ca/tba., an occupation or employ-
ment ; <x fe pa 7?eo.;tb<x bo, b;c

^5 7°n2W/\e muc ^° Opb;lco ^; j
bal-^1a/iu;be jn bjc/tetxb na
ylejb'e, his occupation was herd-
ing swine for Milco, king of
Antrim, in the wilderness. —
L.B.

Cobalt, a tail; bun <in ea/tb<x;l,
the rump.

to bid, or command ;
also to rely or depend upon ;
e<3ifiba;m ;t;oc, I depend upon
thee.
/ic, speckled ; also red.

, a cow.

, a salmon.

e rf

e rf

Ct\/ic, honey ; also a bee.

Cciftc, a tax or tribute ; joe ea/ica,

e/t;c, or kindred money.
Ca/tc, Heaven.

e<x/tc<xb and ea/tca;m, to fill ;
ea/icbao;^ n<i ^lua;^, i. e. bo
l;onabao;^" no. /-tua;g.
C<x/ic<xm<x;l, sweet, pleasant, agree-

able.

C<Xficbat, coloured red.
C a/tea; U, a prop, post, or pillar.

jle, a barring and hinder-
ng.

m, noble.

, a lizard, an emmet.
, a deficiency, an eclipse.
c, a feast or solemnity.
t, a piper, trumpeter.
an aristocracy.
a miserable state of
captivity.
Ca/igdjm, to build, to frame, or

make up; Gr. cpyav, operari.
C<x/vz;txb(Xb, to apprehend, or make
prisoner ; ex. <xn tub^o/it; ;n-
na/t e<xp5<xb<vb Jopx, the garden
wherein Jesus was made prison-
er.— L. B.

C<x/rj<x;/te, prohibition.
6<Xfij<x;;i}m, to congi-atulate ; also
to prohibit or forbid.
i julan and eol/ijtan, a piper ;
also noisy, clamorous.
<x/ijna;b, magnificent, worthy,
virtuous.

m, to prepare a feast.
, conception, quickness of
apprehension.

d/tlam, noble, august, grand ;
hence Anglice, earl.

and ea/ima;bea^a, gallop-

ron.

arms.
, for opna, barley.

/inac, or
b, redemption.
l, a part or share.
C<x/mebe, to watch, to take care
of; <XTU/- b;r~o ronn <XT
200

ja (CDuJ/ie) £

n ^Jt)j\ bu^ <\n b|:ci-
jnnte neac bcv mba;l n;b
bom ealeab;n t<x^t ceann coba
na ?)0;je <x nocc; stay here to
wait on the Virgin (Mary) till I
go to the city, where I may find
some person who may give this
night's lodging and entertain-
ment to the Virgin in exchange
for some thing which belongs to
my trade. — L. 13.

6c.|i/i, and genit. e;/ift and ej/i/ie,
the end or conclusion ; also the
limit or boundary of a place ;
bu;;ie <v nea/t <\ <xo;;-e, a man in
the declension of his years; u
nea/i/i na t;/ie, in the limits of
the country.

Ca/t/i, a champion ; Gr. rjpwc? Lat. ,
her os ; also noble, grand.

c, the spring ; gen. ea/i-

6a/t/io.b and ea/i;iu;be, wares or
commodities, furniture, accou-
trements, either personal or
household.

Ca/ifi<xb, a military suit, a complete
armour ; hence the English word
array.

C<x/t/i<x;b;m, to spring.
Ca/i/tajb, a mistake, a fault ; Lat.
erratum; <x/t fOn <x e<x/i/-Ki;be,
propter erratum.

e<J./i/i<xjt:e<x/i, to be served or at-
tended.

, a sickness, or disease ; bon
cvb j:u<xj/i <x o; jeab, he died
a natural death.
C<x^<xj:n<xb, expulsion, banishment.
6<-<xbro, expulsion, banishment.
dispraise, disparage-
ment.

, to make, or do.
lci/i, or eoyamla;;t, an ex-
ample, sample, or pattern.
, a tail.

a^<xontab, and, ea-
, dissension, disagree-

e rf

ment; also disobedience.

.6, disobedient, repug-
nant, rebellious.
Caraoncu jab, schism.
Ca;-a»t, a cataract, a fall of water,

a cascade.
Ca^arib, idem.

Caranb, a quarrel ; ea^a/tb bo
5, to provoke a quarrel.
7, a tumult.

i, want, scarcity, defect, ab-
sence, also vanity; ea^ba b/td-
jab, the king's evil.
Ca^'bcvj jjro, to want or lack.
Ca;-!>djn, the kingdom of Spain.
Ca;"bat, an apostle. — Matt. 10. 2.
Ca^balojb, absolution.
Ca^-ba^tra, or ea^po^ta, vespers,
or evening prayers.

j, or ea^cop, a bishop.
i, water, also old.
a warning.

a storm, a blusterous
wind ; also a surprise.

t, or eaj'gOft, shooting into
ear, as the corn does when it be-
gins to form an ear.
orca/i, a fall ; ea^ca/t a. mbeal
oea^tnan, to fall at entering a
wide gap.

ayca/ia, an adversary, an enemy ;
from the particle ea^, one of
the Irish negatives, and ca/ta, a
friend.

?, dirh", filthy, nasty.

x, satisfied.

i, to die or depart this
life ; fe bl;ajna aju^ ce;c^e
jrjtjb ba ^-tan bo ]Dbjl;p an can
/to ea^comla ja^r an ccojmbe,
i. e. Philip was eighty- six years
old when he departed this life
to enjoy God. — L. B.
;, water.

i, a cry, or proclama-
tion.

Ca^conn, an old man, an elder.
7, the moon.

x, a cup, a drinking vessel,
201

£ vt

also a chaldron; a buba;/tc Jo-

jt: bo cu/t a

OenjAmjn, i. e. Joseph said to
his house-steward, put my silver
cup into the sacks of Benjamin.
— L. B.

^cnab, walking, stepping, or
marching.

, the moon, also ea^can ;
rid. buajn j bubaja;n.
a^jajb, easy, sensible; also nim-
ble, active.

a^ajne, a curse or malediction,
a cursing.

, a sound or noise.
>, an eel; rectius
, or ratlier ea^jcu, an eel ;
from ea^, or ea/*j, water, and
cu, hound, and may properly be
called a water-hound.
, confusion.

and ea^najm, to climl)
up, to ascend ; henee t);a^bajn
Ca^jnab, Ascension-Thursday,
so called anciently, but now it
is commonly called (Dja/tbap
(Dea^-gabala, signifying the
Thursday on which Christ sat
on the right hand of God.

a wave.

be, conspicuous, remarkable.
b/ta, bounty, courtesy, affa-
bility.

and ea^lajnte, a dis-
ease ; also infirmity or unhealthi-
ness.

lan, sick, infirm.
Ca^loc, a lake, or pool, &c.
j, a lath or spar.
l, a reproach, or reproof.

ceac, a reproaching or chiding

person.
Ca^nab and ea^nam, a want of

web enough for the loom.
eap?ab. music ; also a song, or

any melody.
Caroab. time.

2 c

;, a weasel.
7, a welcome.

or ea^ojmojb, dis-
respect, dishonour.
C<X7"Omojbeo.c, disrespectful, dis-
obedient.

G<\f-0noji\, dishonour, abuse.
C<ty-ono;;ie<xc, abusive, unmanner-

ly' ' 1
c, rude.

>, disorder, confusion.
7, contrition.
}, to hurt or offend.

squeezing or crush-
ing.

C<x;~;pu;z;-fpe<x;n, the herb ox-eye-
daisy ; Lat. bettis major.
eo.^/tanna;c, the world.
C<x/7i<xo;/te, loose.
C<ty";iimb, a famous cataract of the
river Earn, now called the Sal-
mon's Leap, which divides the
County of Donegal from that of
Leitrim — Vid. As.
it, health.

j, extraction.
i, to scum or skim.
I, disobedient.

and ea^-uml<xcb, dis-
obedience, obstinacy.
<ty--u^jiub<y, presumption.
C<x^-u/i/«vm<xc, disrespectful, stub-
born ; also a rebel or revolter.

rebellion, disobedience.
6<xc<x, old, ancient ; 65

young and old; Gr. trog, i. e.

annus, and Lat. cetas.
Catac, i. e. ^-e<xno;/i, an elder, or

an aged person.
C<xtal, pleasure, delight ; ay ea-

t<xl team, I am well pleased.
C<xt;<xt and eoic<v.l<xb, flight.
C<xt<xl, the world.
Catcv, gone, sent.
Cet<Xfi, a ship.
C<xtt<x, prayers or supplications;

e\. bo ;t;nne Stxmtvb CJ;jd/<a;n
cum t);<x JTKI <x tt;r<xb
202

ylan b^ njOnnc<x;B, the convent
or religious community of Kie-
ran offered up their supplications
to God for their safe return.
C<xtkn, sadness, dullness.
C<xtl<x;m, to fly ; bo e<j.c<x^l) jjoba/i
7"<xn mu;/i, they flew into the sea;
Lat. attollo.
e<xto/tft<x, between them, amongst

them.

e<xt^dc<xc, late.
Cat/toman, a bladder.
e<xt/iu;me, lighter ; also lightness;
vid. eab-t/tom.

, cruelty, no mercy.

c, unmerciful.
, light, swift.

to relieve, to make
light.

Cbe;/tc, or ebj^ic, topography.
6B<xb, the aspen-tree ; also the
name of the letter 6.
, to spring off or on.
e<xb, a skipping or leaping.
or ebleoj^ a hot coal or
ember; ebloj bea/tj, red hot
embers.

, a kettle, or chaldron.
etui, or <xo;beo.l, a coal of fire ;

dim. ebloj, supra.
Cccntxc, reproof, or reprehension.
Cccn<x;fic, the time past.
eccrxvjfic, a prayer or interces-

sion.

eccoj-g, model, shape, or appear-
ance.

c, spiteful, unfaithful.
, enmity, hatred, spite.
Cce, clear, evident, manifest ; ece

<xn t<vl<xm, the land is in sight;

Lat. ecce.

Ccn<x, eating, spending.
Ccfjbe, apparent, manifest.
6b, jealousy.

€b, gain, profit, advantage.
Cb, to take, to receive, to handle.
Cb, defence, protection.
6b, or e;b, cattle.
Cbao; j, uncertain.

e i

€bb/te;nvjm, to catch at.

Cbean, a receptacle.

Cbedrtb, false, uncertain.

€be; jneac, gelded.

Cbel, prayers, or orations.

Cbon and e<xbon, to wit, namely,

that is.

Cb;b, ugly, deformed.
eb;m, to catch, to apprehend.
Cb;ne, hostages.
Cbjjigtjmjm, to endure, to suffer.
ebjnmeobanco;^ a mediator.
Cbma/t, jealous.

Cfreact, effect, also consequence.
Cjceanr, iniquity, injustice.

ldjb, absurd, silly, foolish.

ac, an Egyptian.

, defect, lack, want.

, to sparkle.
C;bt;t, an interjection.
C;b, tribute, tax, or subsidy.
C;b-b; jbe, ingratitude ; from e<xb,
negat. and b;jbe, gratitude ; rid.

C;be and e;be<xb, cloth, apparel,
raiment, also an armour ; go
n;om<xb onconn, eac, <xju^- ejbe,
with many colours or flags,
horses, and armours; cujft Opt
trejbe, put on thy brigandine.

C;be<xb and ejbjm, to dress, to at-
tire ; e;beoct<XK e, he shall be
attired; bo ejb;j Saul (Da;b;,
Saul armed David.

C)be<xb<xc, harnessed.

CjbeAribca, dissolute, loose ;baO;ne
ejbea/ibta, reprobates.

ejbe<x^-c<x^<xm, to scatter or dis-
perse.

€jbe<j.n and genit. ejbne, ivy;
dimin. ejbnean.

Cjb^e<\c, full of ivy ; Lat. liedero-
sus ; hence Clu<xjn h)ejbne<xc,
in the south of Leinster, which
in St. Fintan's life is interpreted
Latibulum Hcederosum.

Cjbeanan, the dimin. of ejbne, an
iv\--branch or bough, an ivy-
bush ; cao/t ejbnein, an ivv-
203

berry.
Cjbeanoj, another diminudre of

ejbne.
C;bl;ob and ejbljom, a plea, a

case ; also a claim, or demand of

debt

, a curasser.

e;b;mjn, doubtful, uncertain.

Cjbpte, doubtful.

e;bjOtt-;o)l<y, twilight.

Cjb;n, between, betwixt, amongst;
Lat. inter.

n and^:e;b;rt, to be able; nj
fejb^ lejf, he cannot; it is not
in his power.

t, a captive or prisoner, a hos-
tae.

Htr, an equal distributive
right ; jf jdbpn bcx mdc bedj
J^/t<xet 5000. ne;bj/tce<xnca;b,
these were the twelve sons of
Israel with their equal portions
or rights. — L. B.
jbj/tceant poc<xl, an interpreta-
tion.— I'id. Old Parchment.

jab and e;b;/tbe;le, a
difference, separation, or divi-
sion ; also a distinction.

^ab and e;b;^-beo.-
, to separate or divide, to
distinguish.

6;b;^b;l^;n, a devastation, ravag-
ing, &c. ; as, e;b;;tb;lTjn n<x
cu;^e u;le eaton^a, tlie ra-
vaging or devastation of the en-
tire province between them.

CJb;^-gleo, a decree, or judg-
ment.

C;b;rt-jle6bajm, to judge, or de-
cide.

ejbjplen, captivity; 51x^1 jr/ijc a
ne;b;;tten, that he was made a
prisoner ; vid. C<xjt;te;m Cbo;/t-
bel, an. 1311.

banac, mediately, indirectly.
ejb);t-meob<x/7t6;;t, a mediator ;
also an interpreter.

, interpretation.

C J

C J

and

j;m, to interpret.
C;j:euct, effect, sense, conse-
quence ; n;b gan ejjreact, a
thing of no effect.
Cjreacbcic, effectual; also sensi-

ble.

C;j:e<xcbam<x;l, the same.
C;j:ea/-ac, serious.
Cjg-cea/it, iniquity, injustice.
ejTc;aU<xb, dotage ; also stupidity,

dullness.

C;£-c;<xUb<x, or e;;z;-c;<kU<xjb, irra-
tional; 6«<xt;<x;beac e;jc;ttllba,
an irrational animal.
C; £-c;nnte, innumerable ; also un-
decreed, unresolved upon ; also
not to be comprehended or con-
ceived.

C;5-cne<ty-b<x, impolite, rude.
€;5-cne<ty-bacb, frowardness, rude-
ness.

, imprudent.

, imprudence, folly.
C;ge<xn, force, violence, compul-
sion; bob ejgean b<xm, I was
constrained ; fie be;gean, by
compulsion; e;je<xn ma;jb;ne,
the rape of a virgin or maiden.
;gean, lawful, rightful, just ; e;-
gean and <x;/t e;gean, scarcely,
hardly.

necessary, indispen-
sable; pj.oc<x/i e;geant<xc, hard
labour.

^, a learned man ; pi. ejg^e.
eam, a crying, or roaring ; gen.
e;jme; e;^b /ie me;gme, hear
to my cry.
e<xmt6;;i, a crier.

), to cry out, to grieve, to la-
ment, to bawl.
C;g;n, some, certain.
e;j;n, truly, surely, or certainly.
6;gl;be, mean, abject.
eacc, abjectncss.
, a salmon.

no, to force, to compel ; na
, do not compel me ;
204

also to ravish, or commit a rape.

gnjjce, forced, ravished, com*

pelled.

jn;u j<xb, a forcing, or compel -

ing ; also a rape.

c, a school, a study.
, art, science, learning.

6;lc;m, to rob or spoil.

6;le, other, another ; rectius <x;le, \
ex. jred.fi <x;le; Lat. «/i//5.

C;le u; pboju/it;<x and C;le u;
Cbea/t|t<xb<x;l, two districts in
the County of Tipperary, north
and north-east of Cashel, the
ancient estates of O'Carrol and
O'Fogurty.

G;le, a prayer or oration.

ejle<xcbo.;m, to alienate, to part
with, to pass away.
eojK, a creditor.
and e;l;b, genit. e;lte, a
deer, a hind; Gr. eXAoc, a fawn.

C;l;u j<xb, accusation, charging,
calling to an account.

and e;l;jjm, to charge
upon a person, to accuse ; ejtj j-
bj^ j:e;n <x cejle, let them ac-
cuse each other; <x ta;m bom
e;l;u j<xb <xju;5 ft, I am called
in question by you.

and ;all, a thong ; jo bejlt <\
b/i6;je, to his shoe-lachet.

Cjll, an ell or eln.

G;Ugeo.b, burial, interment.

C;lne and e;lneb, uncleanness,
pollution ; ;io gl<xn ^);<x an re-
ampul on u;le e;lneb, a^u^- 0
a;t/ieab beaman ba /i<x;b <xnn,
i. e. God cleansed the temple
from all uncleanness and dia-
bolical assemblies, or from being
the habitation of devils. — L. U.

C;ln; j;m, to corrupt, to spoil ; also
to violate or profane.

C;m, quick, active, brisk.

C;me, a cry.

e;me<xcb, obedience, compliance.

Cjmjltr, dilatory, slow.

or e; j;m, to cry out.

C J

, a dead coal,

, or can, one, the same; e;n-
cjne, of the same family.

C;neac, a face or countenance.

C;neac and e;ne<xcaf, bounty,
.goodness; also courtesy, affa-
bility.

C;neaclan, protection, defence, or
safeguard.

Cjnjreacb, at once ; bo cu<xb<X;t <xn
e;nj:e<xcb, they went together.

€jn £)n, only begotten.

C;nme;b, of equal size.

C;n;te<xb, any thing.

€;pel<xb, to die or perish; aju/-
ejpettvjb fe (Jacob) b& cum<x
round. ;t;A <in <xono.ft /-leu) cir/ge,
and he (Jacob) will die through
sorrow, if he alone (Benjamin)
does not return home safe to

• him.— L. B.

G;pj^-rjt, an epistle, a letter.

G)/ttJe<X;tn<xm, to transgress.
ic, a wasp.
, a heretic.
, a burden.

jonn, €;;t;nn, the name
of Ireland.

ejfteceac, a heretic.

Cj/teceacb, or e;/t;ce<xcb, heresy.

C;/ije, a rising; e;^je n<x 5/te;ne,
sun-risin.

, assistants ; coif)-e;/t je, aux-
iliaries.

, to rise, to mutiny, to pass
on or advance.

Jj a viceroy, or chief governor ;
n<x be; ^; je 5ab<x^ jro^i t;^t Jubo.
fo <(.a-£0fcaf ^ie l;nn Cbftjo^b,
i- e. the governors of Judea, un-
der Augustus, who were cotem-
poraries with Christ. — L. B.

€;?v;c, an amercement, or fine for
bloodshed, a ransom or forfeit ;
also a reparation.

C;^Se^ a command or government ;

bo ;i<xb poa;t<xob ;<xjy;n ej/tjge

e;j;pce bo Jo^-ep, i. e. Pharaoh

afterwards committed to Joseph

205

the government of Egypt. —
Z. B.

e;/t;5e<xctr, idem.

C;/i;m, to ride, to go on horse-
back.

6j-t;m, a summary or abridgment.

Cjftjn, rather Cfvjn, is the name of
Ireland in the Irish language.
The names of countries, rivers,
mountains, and other great ob-
jects of the creation, had origi-
nally some meaning founded in
the nature of things, and gene-
rally derived from some property
or quality inherent to the object,
which distinguished it in the
eyes of the people, who gave it
its name. This maxim is appli-
cable to all such names of coun-
tries as have not been borrowed
from the national name of the
people that inhabited them.
Camden's derivation of the word
C/i;n, the name of Ireland, from
the Irish word j<x^, the west,
seems absurd for two reasons :
first, because the Irish word ;<x;t,
strictly and properly means only
after, (Lat. post and posted,) or
behind, as behind one's back ;
and does not signify the west
but relatively to the position of
persons facing towards the east
at public prayers and sacrifices
offered to the Deity, according
to the practice of all antiquity,
both sacred and profane. — ^ id.
£>e<xr sup. In this position the
south is called by the name of
the right hand in Irish ; and the
north by that of the left hand ;
and as the Irish word ja/t signi-
fies behind, so it also means the
west, relatively to the position
now explained, and not other-
wise; for if a person turns his
face towards any other point,
the word j<x/t is applied to what
is beliind his back, even when it

is turned to the east. Secondly,
Ireland is not properly to be
counted a western country, but
relatively to Britain and the
lower parts of Gaul and Ger-
many, and so on in that line ;
but we do not find that the word
ja/i was ever used by any of the
people of those parts to signify
the west. And as to the old
natives of Ireland, among whom
this word signifies the ivest, in
the improper and relative sense
above explained, it seems con-
trary to the propriety of language
and common sense that they
should have formed the name of
their country from its western
position, which was only relative
to others, and not to them who
were the inhabitants; nor is it
natural to think that they would
have given it a name of so insig-
nificant an import as that of its
being situate in the west of Bri-
tain, or the Lowlands of Gaul
and Germany. The name is cer-
tainly of the pure Iberno-Celtic
dialect, and must have had some
meaning founded in the nature
of things, in its original and ra-
dical formation, which indeed
has been somewhat altered by
vulgar pronunciation, but not
very materially, as we shall see.
As to Bochart's Phoenician deri-
vation of the name of Ireland
from Ibernae, i. e. ultima habi-
tatio, the remotest habitation, to
show its insufficiency we have
but to observe, that though this
Phoenician word Ibernae may
plausibly pass for the original of
Ibernia, the Latin name of Ire-
land, yet it would be a very
awkward and unnatural origin
for epjn or Cj/vjn, the genuine
Celtic name given it by the old
natives, which in its primitive
206

form afforded a very plain origi-
nal both to the Greeks for their

/, Itpvig, and to the Romans
for their Ibernia, as we shall see
by and by. Nor is it certain
that the Phoenicians of Carthage
and Gades did not know any
habitation or land more remote
from them, even to the west, than
Ireland ; since all readers of an-
tiquity must allow that Pytheas
of Marseilles, (of the fourth cen-
tury before the Christian era,)
whose city was never so famous
for remote navigation as Car-
thage and Grades were in ancient
times, discovered the island of
Thule, which, according to the
most probable opinion, is that
we now call Iceland, situate in a
meridian considerably more west-
ward than that of Ireland.

But to return to the original
Irish name of Ireland, and to
show that it was the true arche-
type of the words lerne and
Ibernia, I shall first observe,
that I am strongly inclined to
the opinion that the word C;^;n
or C/vjn is but a contraction of
the words J-j<x/iu;n, more pro-
perly written J-e;tu;n or J-e/i;n,
compounded of;, an island, and
;<xpiu;fl, e/iu;n, or e/ijn, the ge-
nitive case of ;<i;tun, e/tun, or
e^tn, Engl. iron, Lat. ferrum ;
so that J-;<x/iujn, )-epujn, or
J-e/tjn, literally signifies an is-
land of iron, or a land abounding
with mines of iron, copper, and
tin, such as Ireland is well known
to have been at all times; for
which most useful productions
it well deserved the first rank
amongst the islands called Cas-
siterides, especially as its tin and
iron excelled those of all other
countries in quality as well as in
quantity. The plural of this

compound word 7-e/vjn is jb- :
e^jn, also jb-e^ijon, signifying
lands of iron mines; upon the
former of which writings the
Latin word Ibernia, used by
Caesar, Plinius, Solinus, Tacitus,
and Orosius, hath been formed,
as that of Iberione used by An-
toninus in his Itinerary, and by
St. Patrick in his Epistle to Co-
roticus, hath been struck off
from the latter. But the Greek
name Ispvfj, as it is written by
Strabo, Claudian, and Stephen
of Bizantium hath been visibly
copied from the original Irish
name in its singular number ; I
mean from J-e^u;n, or J-e/t;n.
And a much more ancient au-
thor than any of the three now
mentioned, uses the same word
Je;tne for the name of Ireland,
I mean the writer of the book
De Jfundo, addressed to Alex-
ander the Great, either by Aris-
totle, according to some critics,
or by his cotemporary, Theo-
phrastus, according to others. —
Hd. Usher. Antiq. Brit, p. 378.
But the author of the Argonau-
tics, who calls Ireland by the
name of Icpvtc, being either the
old Thracian Orpheus, who is
personated in that very ancient
work, or at latest Orpheus of
Crotona, a favourite of Pisistra-
tus, the Athenian tyrant, cotem-
porary of Darius, the deliverer
of the Jews, as Suidas informs
us by the authority of Asclepia-
des ; it follows that, inasmuch as
this ancient author's Itoviq, hath
manifestly been formed upon the
Irish name J-e/tjn or J-e/tn, or
its contract Cfvjn, this name, and
the country' which bore it, as
well as the inhabitants whose
language it belonged to, must
have been known, at least bv
207

historical report, to the Greeks,
as early as the sixth century be-
fore the Christian era ; that be-
ing the age of the three cotem-
poraries above-named : an anti-
quity (says Usher, ibid.) which
far surpasses the earliest men-
tion the very Romans could
show of their name in any known
author. I am grossly mistaken
if any mention of the Roman
name can be found in Herodotus,
whose writings are by a whole
century later than those of Or-
pheus of Crotona.
)n-)f, an era, or account of years ;
Gitff clajnne uj G0b<x6jl-Cbon-
n<x;ne, the chronological history
of the Mul-Connerys.
-, a friend.
, mistrust.
C;/tle, a fragment.
C;nl;oc, destruction.
C;/tne, a fragment.

, a gift, present, or favour.
to require or call for ;
jofG, Connect, the
rents of Connaught were called
for ; also to give liberally ; Lat.
largior ; gu;t<xb <xml<x fjn 710
e;ftne<xb cjopi Cxxe^ajn, for
thus Caesar's tribute was paid.—
L. B.

, a shield.

or e<x/t;t, the end ; vid.

6;/t;t, snow; hence leac-gMffc ice,
or congealed snow : it is com-
monly written dbAff, which ap-
pears to be an abuse, inasmuch
as the Welsh have eira, the Cor-
nish er and irch, the Armoric
erch, to signify snow.

and c;^t^-ce, a trunk or
stump.

, a band or troop.
, a footstep, a trace, or track.
the genit of ;a^-c, fish;

also in the plural.
jrcedct, exception or exclusion.
jfcjm, to cut off; also to except
or exclude.

ct:, hearing, attention,
and e;^be<xb, to hear, to
listen, to be silent and attentive.
, a seeking, or hunting af-
ter, a research.

, or ej^;on, him, himself;
. e. e jn.

;/i, he prayed.
;/t je, resurrection.

and ejfg-ljnn, a fish-
pond.

Cjftj;;! and e^c^i, a ridge of high
lands or mountains ; ejfjjft fija-
b<x, the bounds of North and
South Ireland.
C;;-;b;m, to drink.
Cb;m, to sit.

l, ejj-eolac, rude, ignorant,
unskilful.
m, to trace.

m, near, close at hand.
C;pnn;l, weak, infirm.
Cjpob<xn, unclean.
C;pom<xl, valour, courage, bra-
very.

jf-jom&W and ejpompl&^i, a
pattern, model, or example.

t, debate, discord, disagree-
ment.

;^l;nn, weak, infirm; ca^lecnn
e;^-l;nne<xc, a pregnable fortress.
jfljf, neglect, mistake, or forget-
fulness.

c, lying, false.
C;pneac, unready.
Cj^/ietfict;, an orphan.
C;piebe<xb, to loose or untie.
Cj^teact, death.
C;^-t;m, or ej^b;m, to hear.
C;te, and dirninut. e;ceo^, a quill,
a feather; also a wing; <vj;t
e;t;5 ;ol<X7;t, on eagles' wings ;
ejte<xc e;^, fishes' fins ; hence
ejtjpieac, winged ; oncon be;/t-
zejtjneoic, a flag variously co-
208

loured.

Cjce, an addition, a wing put to
the ploughshare when worn ;
hence e;t;/ie signifies a ridg^
Cjte<xcc<xjl, volatile.

c, a refusal.

jteatldc and e;t;oll<xc, flying,
bouncing.

c, a lie or untruth, a mis-
take.

,c, an oak.

t:; jjm, to abjure ; also to falsify,
also to refuse or deny.
Cjt/ie<xc, a wilderness.
Cjt/te, an end, conclusion, &c.
C;t;in, danger, hazard.
Cjtledb, flight ; e^leojdct, idem.
Cjtteog, a bat; e;tl;m, to fly ; bo
eflew; com-lu<xt <x^u^
<xn ol<xi, as swift as

the eagle flies.
e;tleo/i<xcb, flight or flying.
C;c/te, a trench, a furrow; <x ne;-

c/i;b <xn mac<x;/ie, in the furrows

of the field.

o/KXc, feeble, weak, un-

guided.
Ct<x, a swan.
Clc, or e<xlc, bad, naught, vile,

malicious; vid. ealc.
Clca^ie, grief, sorrow, pain.
Cte<xt;i<x;m, an election.
Cle<xt/i<x;n, a bier; ~Lat feretrum.
Clc<xc;i<xc, one that carries a bier,

a bearer.

CU, or ;<vll, a flock, a multitude.
Git, hazard, danger.
Gil, a battle ; 50 bjruaj/i C;/te

;om<xb ell, that Ireland under-

went many battles.
Cllea, elecampane.
eite<x;-&;be<xcb, warmth, heat ; el-

tre<xml<xcb, idem.
Clton, steep, up hill; Lat. nc-

clivis.

Cn, a bird ; vid. eojn.
Cn, e<xn, and e;n, in compound

words signify of one, or of the

same ; as lucb e;nt;ge, men oi

e o

e 17

the same house, the household ;
e;nc;/ieab, of the same family ;
^;nme;b, of the same bigness;
also with the word g<x6 pre-
mised, it signifies each or every ;
5<xc eanbujne, every man ; g<xc
ean c^ealb, each drove or herd.

Cneeanajj, the comb of a cock or
other bird.

Cne<xc and enec, a shirt or smock.

Cneackwn, a reparation or amends.

Cnne, behold, see ; Lat. en.

Co, a salmon ; Wei. eog.

Co, a peg or pin, a bodkin, a nail,
a thorn ; eo-<x /Hejg, the sharp
end or point of his spear.

Co, praise ; also good, worthy, re-
spectable.

Co, the yew-tree ; also any tree.

Co, a grave, or place of interment,
a tomb.

Cobfuxtr, head-clothes, a coif, or
cap.

Coc<x, the proper name of a man ;
Lat. Eochadius.

Cocajfi, a key; plur. eoc^<xc<x.

Coc<x;/t, a brim, a brink, or edge.

Cocajft, a tongue.

Coc<vjfi, a young plant, a sprout.

Cocajft GQajje, an old name of
Brury, the chief regal house of
all Minister in ancient times.

Cojdn, the proper name of several
great men among the old Irish.

Cojan-mo/t, surnamed GQo jnaagab,
was king of Minister in the se-
cond century. During his mi-
nority his kingdom was invaded
and possessed by three usurpers,
who enjoyed it by equal shares.
They were supported in their
usurpation by Con-ce<xb-Ocvt-
dc, king of Meath, and his allies
in the northern provinces ; not-
withstanding whose power, com-
bined with that of the usurpers,
the young Momonian hero not
only recovered his kingdom, but
forced Con-ce<xb-Coat<xc and
209

the northern princes, whom he
had defeated in ten successive
battles, to come to an equal di-
vision of all Ireland, whereof he
possessed himself of the south
moiety, by right of his «:reat an-
cestor Heber Fion, who had en-
joyed the same half of the whole
island, according to our histories.
Eosan Mor's successors in the
throne of Minister, who have
been all of his posterity, were
generally styled kings of Leat-
mo j, i. e. Moth's moiety, which,
as I have said, was the south-
half of all Ireland. This prince
has been the common stock of
the O'Briens, the Mac-Cartys,
the O'Mahonys, the O'Sullivans,
the O'Haras," the O'Carols, the
Macnamaras, the O'Kennedys,
and many other noble families.

Cojn, John; Sojfy-jeul an [Maori)
Co;n, the Gospel of St. John.

Co;n, ev\n, eun, and en, a bird ;
r-u;be eojn, sessio aliti*. — Vit.
S. Brigid.

Co;nf J<xb<xc, fowling, birding.

Cojn-^ealjaj/ie, a fowler.

Col, knowledge.

C6l<xc, expert, knowing ; also a
guide or director.

Col<Xj~, art, science, knowledge.

C6lc<xjfte, sorrow, mourning, grief,
concern.

&c, sad, sorrowful,
j, knowing, skilful.

Colu;be, a guide or director.

C6lu;~, knowledge, direction.

Conaban, a cage or aviary.

Conbft<xoj jjm, to divine, to conjec-
ture future events by the flight
or pecking of birds; eonpvjjjnn,
the same.

Coftbfuxt, a coif or head-dress.

Co/in ci, barley.

&0f, <xb eOf, it was said.

C/t, great, also noble.

C>icv. a denial.

e c

e u

C;iajb, apparel.
Cficeatlan, a pole or stake.
C/tceannca;be, most certain, as-

suredly.

CfiCftete, transitory, not lasting.
C/-tebe;ftt:, a burden or carriage.
C/iennac, an Irishman; rectius

e;/ieanac.

€/t;n and Gjjijn, Ireland.
C/tnajl, a sign, or foretoken, a

prognostication of some event;

Vid. Tighern.

the sign which marked out the
passion of Christ. — L. B.

e/t03> °JS/te?S> and e;iejac, ice.
C/tlam, a saint or holy person. —

Brogan.

C/t/i, an end, vid. e;/tft, also the
tail or fin ; ex. <x be;^ceo./t e;t/ie
fie ne/i/i b/iaba;n, aju;" gac
e;^c e;le, written also oiet/ie ;
as oiec/ie b^tajab bftaba^n, the
fins of a salmon.
Annal. an. 1113.

j an error, or mistake.
af, opposing.
C/7ie;meac, deviating.

death.

, a ship ; nj beaca;b <xon
c/ie ^-an IDUJ/-I ;iua;b, any float-
ing vessel ; potius ey or ejf.
Ctenje, a mute.
Ct;opeac, an Ethiopian.
Ct^ecxcc, death.
Ccte, age ; ;a/-i n)5ua;b <J.O;b

ecte, i. e. ;a/t mbuajb OJTC
<xo;^*e, after being vic-

torious in youth and in old age ;

vid. e<xt<\.

Ctt;on<xc, an eunuch.
ett/te;pf jm, to awake a person.
Cttucic<x;I, unhandy.
Cttualang, incapable, unable.
Cub, e<xb, and e<xba, jealousy.
Cubac, vid. e<xb<xc, cloth ; eubac

lam, a handkerchief or napkin.
Cubab and e<xba;m, to clothe or

dress.
Cubal, lucre, advantage, profit ;

vid. e<xba;l.

Cuban, or eaban, the forehead. -
Cugam and eajam, to die ; <x ta-

maojb aj euj, we perish ; eujpa

tu, thou wilt perish.
Cujco;/i, wrong, injury.
Cujco/iac, injurious.
Cugc;iua;b, an infirm person.
CujCftuor, sickness, infirmity ;

eujc^ua^ na jreola, the infir-
mity of the flesh.

Cujna;b, or eucconajb, irrational.
6urr&nMi;l) matchless, various.
Culab and eutojab, escape ; bo

eulajb /^e, he stole away.
Culjra/i tab, slumbering; neuljca^i-

tab, idem.
Culo j, an escape.
Gun, a bird, a fowl ; eunlajt,

fowls.

Cu/troajfteact, galloping, riding.
Cu/tn and C;/ine, Loc C;^ne, the

famous lake of Earn in Ulster.
Cut/iom, light; rid. eab-t/iom.

REMARKS ON THE LETTER p.

£ is the sixth letter of the Irish alphabet, and is called by our gram-
marians Con^o;n i-aj, or a weak consonant. By fixing a full-point over
it, or subjoining an 7?, it loses all force in the pronunciation, as bon p ea/i,
or a. jr;;i, is pronounced bon ea/t, or <x j/i, to the man, O man ; <x f e;lc,
his generosity, is pronounced a e;le, &c. It is called rea/in, from
210

prf

F

v ul go pea/tnoj, tlie alder-tree; Lat. alnus. It is the same with the He-
brew i, because the figure and sound of both letters are very nearly the
same ; this letter agrees in many words with the Latin v consonant, as
pea/t, a man ; hence in the obliques and plural, p;;t, Lat. vir, pjo/t, true,
Lat. verus ; p;on, wine, Lat. vimim ; poeal, a word, Lat. vocalis ;
pe;£;l, a vigil, Lat. vigilia. It often corresponds with the Greek ^, as
pa;bj pronounced pa;j, a prophet, Gr. Cartes and Lat. rates ; peatl and
pala, deceit, cheating, Gr. rf>au/\oc, Lat. i-ilis ; peaja, a beech-tree, Gr.
<f>rryoz, Lat. fagus, &c. Wnen a clotted or aspirated b is prefixed to p,
it is pronounced like v consonant ; as from paba, long, abpab, is pro-
nounced a vad ; a bpua;/te is pronounced a vuaire. It is evident that
the Greeks and Latins have also observed a close original affinity
with regard to the letters /, b, v, and ph, b for v; Lat. cibica for
civ tea; IT, bea/ta, a spit, Lat. re/- M/ and again v for b, as aveo for abeo,
and sometimes b for f, as bruges forfruges, as Cicero relates, and Ir. ban,
the bottom of arty thing, Gr. /Ssvfloc, andLat./wwf/w/H ; Ir. bne;m, «fcr-
n'6/e sound, Gr. /3pw*>, Lat. fremo, to sound or rattle: and again/" is
used for &, as sijilare for sibilare, which the French call s/$?er ,• hence we
commonly say suffero for subfero, &c. We find that |3 was anciently
used among the Greeks for 0 ; and Plutarch tells us that the Macedo-
nians always said BtAtTTTrov for <Pi\tinrov ; and Festus says that they used
aXjSoi/ for aX(/>oi', Lat. album. Note that in words beginning with the
letter p it is quite eclipsed, and of no force in the pronunciation, when it
happens by the course of speech that b, c, m, or b/), is prefixed to it ; ex.
bjreojl, of flesh, bpea^t, of or to a man, are pronounced beo;t, bea/t, &c.,
tjrea/t, thy husband, tjreojl, thy flesh, are pronounced te<x/t, teojt ;
mj:ea;i, my husband, mjreojl, my flesh, are pronounced meart, meo;l,&c. ;
a^t Kp^t, our men, &;t bpedftdn, o«;- /a«f/ or ground, are pronounced as it'
written <i/t B;;t, or ar vir ; an 5ea/tcin, or ar vearan; so that the initial
f is quite eclipsed, and taken no notice of in the pronunciation, though
it always stands in the writing for preserving the radical frame of the
word.

•pa, under; pan ccla/t, under the
table : it is also written pe and

fO.

pa, is sometimes the sign of an
adverb ; as jra cul and pa b/tajm,
backwards ; pa ^eac, apart, dis-
tinctly, separately, also alter-
nately ; pa cuajftjm, towards, to,
about, as it were ; pa be;^e, at
length; pa bo, twice; pa c/i;,
thrice.

pa, is sometimes a preposition, and
signifies to, unto, into, also upon ;
211

pa

pan co;U, to the wood ; pan
macajpe /t£jb, into or on the
open field.

pa, answers in sense to bab, and
means was, were, singular and
plural ; as pa b; an r;ngean,
she was the lady ; pa tea/ic
<X£,(if pa olc mo laete, few and
evil have been my days; na mna
pa fjnne:, of the elder woman,
i. e. of the woman that was the
elder.

pabal, a fable or romance; Lat.

fabula; pi.
al, an expedition or journey.

^, j»ro jrajaltu/', profit,
benefit, a return of gain, an in-
come; <\n tre B<Xf luj<x fdj<J.l-
Ccx;^, he that has the least in-
come.

t, favour, friendship.

x, a veil, a curtain ; hence

p<\b;ici, the hairs of the brow, and
lids of the eye ; pi. r<xb/ia;be.
, the month of P ebruary.
, negligence.

c, careless, negligent.
, matter ; Lat. materia ;
also a cause or reason, a mo-
tive.

paco/n, a calling ; also a tempta-
tion.

pacajn, a fighting or engaging.

paca;ll, full of woods.

pact, a battling or fighting.

pab, long, either with respect to
length of time, or the extent of
any thing; ca jrdb, how long;
£db o f)n, long ago ; jrdb udb,
far off; jrdbd bj/tedc, long or
tall, and straight; fe m;le jrdba
<xn /t;<xn, a road six miles long.

pdb, length ; <x/t p<x;b, in length,
also all along ; dn jrdb, whilst.

pdbd, long, tall.

pdbd jdb, or pdbu jdb, a lengthen-
ing or prolonging; also a kind-
ling; jrdbujdb dn te;ne, the
kindling of the fire.

pdbd; j)m, to lengthen or prolong,
also to kindle ; written also pd-
bdjm ; n} jrdjbeoctdo;, ye shall
not prolong ; bo jrdbu; jedb
ce;ne, a fire was kindled ; also
to incite or provoke.

pdbdjl, lingering, delay.

pdbdldc, lingering, tedious, dila-
tory.

pdb-cliidf<xc, long-eared, flap-
eared.

C; spindle-shanked, long-
212

legged.

pdb-pu;l;ngedc, long-suffering.

Tdb-jruldng, longanimity.

_db and pdbb, a mole.

Tdb, cut.

P<xbb, a question or enigma, a
knot.

pdbb, a raven, or Royston crow.

pdbb, a mole, a knob, bunch.

pdbb, a fault ; also a widow.

pdbbdn, a mole-hillock,

pdbldjb, loosing.

pdbld;m, to distinguish.

pdbt, breath.

pdetdb, to kill ; ex. pdetd^ le
p/)d/tdob bd nbedcdjnn dnn, ol
GOdO;^e, Pharaoh would kill me
if I had c;one there, savs Moses.
-L.B.

pdete and jrcvetedb, laughter;
genit. and plur. jrdetbe, rather a
disposition for laughing; pxe-
tedb dn gd;/te, an appearance
of laughter.

pdfd, an interjection, O strange !

pdjdtD and jrdgbdm, to quit or
leave, to forsake ; nd jrdj ^";nn,
do not forsake us.

and jrdgbdjl, a leaving be-
liind, or abandoning,
ijd, or pojd, a spear; hence an
attempt or offer.

pdjdjl and jrdjdjm, to get or pro
cure, to gain, to receive ; d^m^/t
;te cdjll dgu^ d^m^j/t le pdjdjl,
a time to lose and a time to
ijain.

pd^dltdc and pd jdltd;^edc, jiro-
fitable, advantageous.

pdjdltdj", gain, profit, advantage.

pd j;td;m, to favour or befriend ;
rectius £db/id;m.

pd;c, a s{)arkle.

r»d;ce, a stitch ; as jrdn jrdjce boo
lejne, without a stitch of the
shirt.

pdjcedldc, evident, plain, mani-
fest.

pojcealacb, evidence.
pajceamajl, of a moment, in a

trice.
pojceall and pxjcjt, wages, _ re-

ward, salary ; plur. go bjro.;cl;b,

i. e. jo btuano-^bolajb.
pdjceatlac, a lamp, a light, a can-

dle; also luminous.
po;ceob and jrajcjm, to see, to be-

hold ; ndc po.jceo.nn, o.^u^ nac

cclu;neann, which neither sees

nor hears.
po,;c^-;n, a seeing ; also sight ; jon

f ajcyjn, without seeing.
pa;cpon<xc, visible, that may be

seen.
pojbe, longer, also length ; nj <\y

jrtvjbe, longer, further.
pdjbeoj, lot, chance.
pojb, he went ; bo jrojb tan cflpa

u;le, he passed beyond the Alps.
. pd;b and jrajj, a prophet; Lat.

rates.

pajbeabojft, a prophet.
pd;be<xbo;ftea.cc, the gift of pro-

phecy ; also prophecy.
pdjbeamujl, prophetic ; also apt

to criticise, also happy in ex-

pressions, witty.
pajbjm, to give up, to yield ; bo

jrojb <x fpjOftob fa&f, he yield-

ed up the ghost.
• pCxjj, a prophet; rid. jrdjb; oin

jra,)5 £>oronalt, Daniel the pro-

phet; 'oeonpijg, a prophetess;

pjle oju/- pa;^, rates.
pa,} jle and po.; jleob, words ; also

conversation.

, a sheath or scabbard; Lat.

poj jjm, to speak, to talk.
pd;l, a ring, a wreath, a collar, an
ouch; pi. fajt^e; pojl^e bo>,
collars or ouches of gold.
pa; I, a sty ; pa;l roujce, a pig-sty.

!, company, society; o,n
bob ei;t l;om bo clejt ; nj
213

pjnn a bpajl ban, I would not
tell a secret in the company of
women.

po.;t, the hickup ; o. ta pa;t 0;tm,
I have the hickup.

p&;t, liberal ; fd;l, fatal ; Jn^rdjl, -
one of the old names of Ireland,
supposed to have been derived
from the LJojf d;l, or the fatal
stone used at the coronation of
the Scottish kings.

pojtbejm, a blasting, as of corn.

pdjtbe, lively, sprightly; also a
man's name ; hence the family-
name of the O'Falvys, anciently
lords 9f Jbendca in Kerry.

pojlbeab, vegetation.

pd;tbeo^ and jrdjtbeacb, liveli-
ness.

pd;l6; j;m, to quicken or enliven.

po;tc, any gap or open, also a
hair-lipped mouth; bo cu;t f&
pvjlc ajpi, he broke his jaw.

p4jleaba,b, death.

pojteog and jrajl/ieoj, a hil-
lock.

pojteog, the hickup.

pcijlje, -Ct6;b pd;lje, a territory in
the County of Kildare, the an-
cient estate of O'Cono^t po/jlge.

pajljjm, to beat.

po;ll, a kernel ; also a hard lump
of flesh; callus.

pojtl, rcctitts <xjU| a cliff or preci-
pice ; po.;ll o/tb, a high cliff.

pajll, advantage, o]i])ortunity ; ex.
bo JTUOJ^I fe jrojll <x;/i, he took
an advantage of him.

pa;ll, leisure.

pojlleob and jajtljje, neglect,
failure, omission ; jon j:a;ll;ge,
without fail.

pojll;jjm, to fail, to neglect, or
delay; Gall.failir.

pdjlre, welcome; cu;^t;m jpo;lte,
I welcome ; also a salutation, or
greeting.

pajlreac, welcoming, agreeable.

pa;lt; j;m, to welcome, to greet or
salute.

pa;ltu; jab, a bidding welcome ;
also a saluting or greeting.

pajltjn, an intermeddler in other
men's business.

p<x;n and jrajnne, a ring ; rectius
<x;n ; ajnne, a circle, a ring. —
Vid. Remarks on <£.

p<x;ne, a wart ; pxjtjone, idem.

pa;ne, a weakening, or lessening;
hence <*n-bj:a;ne, fainting, or
great weakness.

p<x;nj and pXflj, a piece of Irish
coin.

or f<xnj, a raven.
, a light, insignificant fel-
low.

pojnnab, the hair of the body;
also the hair or fur of a beast ;
rectius jrjonnab.

p<v/nne, ignorance.

p<xj/*> watch thou ; the second per-
son singular of the verb j:ajft;m,
to watch ; Gall, gar a.

p<x;/i, the rising or setting of the
sun.

, weeds ; pvj/ib 4%af f)nQ-
, weeds and grass of a
mossy nature.

pajfibpie, a notch, or impression on
a solid substance ; also a fault,
a stain, a blemish.

pa; /ice, extent.

pa;/ice, a diocese, a parish, an
episcopal see ; px;/ice Oludno,
the diocese of Cloyne.

pa;/tceall, a reward.

pa;/tb/-ie;y , a bramble.

pa j fie, a watching, also watchful-
ness, also a watch; <xr po.;/te,
watching ; tucb jra;/te,the watch-
men ; jraj/ie n<x majbne, the
morning watch.

p<vj/teog and pxjleoj, a hil-
lock.

*C&W> a spy ; c^; f WZfe-
d/t 5<xc ;tob, three spies on

214

each road.
, a parish.
, to watch, to guard.

, a brave, warlike
champion.
p<x;/tmeab, site, position, situa-

tion.

p<x;/im;m, a train or retinue.
, to obtain, to get.
pge, the sea; plur. jTAj/t/t-
jbe.

WIZ*5^ °.r F^/1 F^/^5e» a
seaman, a sailor.

and p&wrjn-g, wide,
arge, spacious.

;/ipnje, plenty ; also largeness,
extent.

upon.

I, to increase, to en-
large or augment ; an uaj/t p<x;/t-
reonjar r*e, when he shall ex-
tend.

pa;/tte, a feast.

pa;/ite, orab pxj/ite, soon, quick-
ly, immediately.

pa;rc/ie, violence, compulsion,
force; abcoba tra^rc^e fio-pajy-
c/ie, violence deserves violence,
i. e. repel force by force.

^, cheese : written also

and p^ceab, a fold, a
pound, or pinfold.

ab, a squeezing or pound-
ng.

jr^eo-ma;!, flat, compressed ;
also spungy, yielding, that may
be pressed.

j^gm, to wring or press, to push
or bear hard upon.

, squeezed, compressed.

a press.
;m, to remain.

, intelligence, relation, or
rehearsal.

j.;yv?e;j;ro and pa)ynejf)m, to
certify, to evince or prove, to
tell or relate.

an augur, or sooth-
sayer, a prophet.

an omen, or prophecy ;
a soothsayer;
, a bad omen.
, a wizard.

and pajtcjof, fear, ap-
prehension ; jan f^-jtcjOf, in
safety, without apprehension.
r<\;tre<xc, fearful, timorous.
r<x;t and pxtd, a field, a green.
r<x;t, heat, warmth.
~a;t, apparel, raiment.
?ajte, the hem of a garment.
?<X}tr; QOf) reluctance, dread of
bad consequence.

the hem, or border of any
cloth or garment.
pci;t;olto;/i, a broker,
pajrj/tleog, a lapwing, or a swal-
low.

a wardrobe.

;t, the yeoman of the
robes, or he that keeps the
wardrobes.

a liking.

, the south, or the southern
point.

pajtyeac, southward, southern.
• put, a fold, a pinfold, &c.
pal, a wall or hedge ; jral tof, a

thorn hedge ; Lat. vallum.
ral, a king or great personage.
!?al, much, plenty.
!?<xl, guarding or minding cattle.
?ala, or palla, spite, malice,
fraud, treachery ; Lat. falla-
cia.

pd.lo.6, a veil or cover, a case, &c. ;
r<xt<xc jljobac, a shag-rug, an
Irish mantle.

pal<xcb<x-j:;onn, according to Dr.
Keating, are places in the open
fields, where ppn Cftac Cuirxxjl
and tlie other champions of them
times used to kindle fires.
P^la; tW> to hicte or cover, to keep
close.

215

m and jrolam, empty, void.
mnu j<xb, dominion, sovereign-
ty; pMAlfodjr, idem.
p<vla;jte6;rt, who covers or hides.
p<xl<x;nn, a mantle, or Irish cloak
or covering.

b, pacing, ambling, &c.
, chastisement.
^?<xlb<j.c, one troubled with the

hickup.
pale, barren, sterile.
pale, frost ; also sterility proceed-
ing from drought; ex. bo;nean
mOft ajiyf jr<xlc be<x^mo.;t fan
je^m^eab fQ, great rains and
hard frost this winter. — Fid.
Annal. Tlghernachi.

and pal<x;m, to hedge or
enclose.

, dominion, sovereignty.
palla;n and Dalian, wholesome,
healthy, salutary ; teagcyj j:al-
la;n, wholesome instruction; also
sound, safe, fast.
pallctjne and falla;nea^, health,

soundness.

p<xllamn<xcb and ^ratlamnujab,
rule, dominion.

, to govern, to rule as

, a kingdom or domi-
non.
an, sound, healthy, safe ; vid.

patldn, beauh", handsomeness.
p<xll;n or jrallajnn, a hood or

mantle, a cloak ; Lat. pallium.
pallia, deceitful, fallacious; Lat.

falsus.

pollracb, philosophy ; also deceit,
fallaciousness.

, sweat ; rectius allay.
, a hole.

and pala^acb, pacing,
ambling, &c. ; eac jral^ta, a
pacing horse.

a; j;m, to pace or amble.
a, false ; also sluggish.

also

, an occasion or pretence,
a quarrel or enmity ; <x
bjraltanaj/- jte Ceall<xcan, at
enmity with Callaghan.
palum<x;n, a sort of coarse gar-

ment.

pam, under me, or mine; jrcm)
cte;t, under my roof; jam co-
yu;b, under my feet, i. e. jra
mo.

p<x'n, pro p<\ an, per apostroph. ut
apud Gr&cos ; into, or upon, or
under; ^n bf<x;ftje, upon the
sea, or by sea ; pn Sco)^' ^nto
the wood; j&n jcta/t, under the
table.
pan and pan a, prone to, pro-

pense.

pan and j&n<*», a declivity, an in-
clined position, a descent; jie
jranujb, down headlong ; bo jvjtr
jron pan, he ran down.
pan, a wandering or straying, also
a peregrination, or pilgrimage ;
cao;^e a;t pan, strayed sheep.
pan, a church or chapel, a fane ;
" Lat.fanum; as pan lob u;y, near
Dunmanway, in the County of
Cork, the chapel or church of
St. Lobus.

pan<x;cceac, mad, frantic, fanatic
panajm, to remain, to stay, or con-

tinue ; bo pan ye, he stayed.
panajt, a territory in the County
of Tyrconnel, anciently possessed
by the Mac Swineys and the
O'Doghertys ; mac yujbne pa-
najt. -cCfibm;/! was more par-
ticularly the estate of the O'Dog-
hertys.

panj and pajnj, a raven.
TanT, a thin coin of gold or silver;
gold foil, or leaf-silver; p;nj
nbeajig 6; ft, a piece of red
gold.

pan-leac, the same in literal mean-
" ing, as qiom-leac, an altar of
nide stone standing in an in-
clined position.

216

pann and
feeble.

F«f

panna, weak, infirm,

pannpat, ignorant.

pannta;y, weakness, languishing^

or propensity to faint.
pannta;yeac, fainting, inclining

to faint.

pannu;b;beac, negligent, careless,
paoba/t, an edge ; paoba/t clojbjm,

the edge of the sword,
paoba/tac, sharp or keen-edged;

also active, nimble, supple.
paoba/ta;m, to whet or sharpen,
paocoj, a periwinkle, or sea-snail,
paob, or paoj, the voice; hence
paojjle, or cuj^le, words or
expressions, language ; bpao;
;onnama;l o/mvjn, your voice as
melodious as the organs,
paobbab, to shout, cry aloud, or

proclaim, &c.
pao j, punishment,
pao;, below, underneath ;

bun, underneath,
pap;, Lat. vicis, Gall./oi* ;
bo, twice ; Gall, deuxfois.
paoj-yjn, i. e. po na jrtfMtfjl jr;n,

for that reason.
paojcea/tba;|te, or pao;-c;m;;te,

an usurer.
pao;cea/tbam, to lay out money at

interest.

paojbearo, a messenger.
pao;b;m, to sleep or rest ; ;to paojb
ro/t le;c, he slept on a rock,
speaking of a saint.
paojb;m, to go; jto pao; ye, .he
went, also to send ; bo paojb a
ypjo/iab <x^ , his spirit left him ;
paojte ce<xcba, messengers were
sent.
p<\0jb, a voice, a noise, or sound ;

vid. j:<xob.
p<xo;le<xc and pcxojt;b, glad, joyful,

thankful.

?<xo;tj 5;m, to rejoice, or be g
r<xo;tle<xn, a sea-gull.
:ao;tt;b, the name of February.

prf

p<vo;m-c;al, interpretation.
t?ao;nam, to indulge,
paojnbleajan, mildness, gentle-
ness, good-nature,
paojnealac, foolish, silly,
paojj-eab, aid, help, succour ; also
mending in or after a sickness,
recovering.

pao;^;be and pao;^;b;n, a confes-
sion or acknowledgment of a
guilt ; majlle ;te pxoj^bjn
acu^* rte leo/tbojljeciy', with con-
fession and contrition.

i, to confess ; ftacajb me
mo peacajbe bon
, I will go and
confess my sins to the high
priest.
p<xol, patience, forbearance ; also a

prop or support,
paol, wild ; jraotcu, a wild dog, a

wolf, quod rid.
paolab, learning, also learned ;

ceannpxola, a learned man.
paolcon, the falcon, or large kind

of hawk.

paotcu, a wolf, or wild dog; gen.
jraolcon, plur. jraolcojn ; it is
also used to signify a brave war-
like man.

paofy-cab, burning, setting on fire,
paot^naro, swimming:.
JTaomajbteac, submissive, hum-
rble.

paom, consent, permission,
paomab and jraomajm, to assent
to, to bear with ; n;o/t paom fe
ptea^abnab, he did not bear
with opposition,
paomaca^ft, a predecessor.
~~;ion, void, empty; also feeble.
iO^am, protection, relief.
AM. Anglice, for ; as cat

rs ' J '

wherefore, for what reason ;
glice, what for ; from pi, a rea-
son, and a/t, upon which, or
why.

and pa/tea, a mall, a mal-
217

let, or beetle,
/tall, a sample or pattern.
!Tart<xU<x;m, to bear or carry; also
to offer or present.
nao-t or f6ft;;t, alas! an inter-
jection.

f?a>t<x/-bd, or j*>ftu/~ba, solid, so-
ber.

nca-tpnube, a flaming thunder-
bolt.

panbajl, the major part of any
thing.

, the lintel of a door.
, to kill or destroy; 50
pxnjpxb <x ce;le, that they de-
stroyed each other; 50 ptyja
7'Ocujbe ba mu;ntr;/i, till a great
number of his people were
killed.

, that leaves behind,
or bo^- px/tl<x;c, to cast.
r<j./tnajc;m, to find.

rt/Kie, or j:o/t/t<xc, violence,
force.

paft/t<xb, comparison; <x B^a^/t<xt>
jie ce;le, in respect of them-
selves.

p<X/t/t<xb, with, in company with,
&c.; <xn tucb bob; no.bpxn/«xb,
the men that were with them ;
bo j'-ujb am pa/i/tab, he sat by
me; nu./t bj:a/t/tajbne, along with
us.

p<x/t;tun, force, violence, anger.
, tombs.

, great, stout, generous.
, explication,
, void, empty.
, increase, growth; <xn b<x^a

, the second growth.
pa/~-n<x-beun-ojbce, a mushroom,
i. e. a growth of one night.

desolate, desert ; also a
wilderness, also a road; fean
trafujj, the old ways; also an
edge or border; also stubble,
waste grass.

to grow, to increase ;

pe

ab, lest

they increase.
fy-amajl, growng or ncreasng ;

also wild or desert.
a^cojtl, a grove in its first, se-

cond, and third years.
ruinous.

a sconce ; also an um-
rella, or small shadow. — PI.
pa/"jab, a shelter, or refuge ; maft

a;t jra^jab on jao;t, as a place

of shelter from the wind : written

also pty-jab.
p<x^jno.;m, to purge.
papie and px^neoj, a wheal or

pimple, a measle. — PL

and ptytu; j;m, rather
m; to stop or stay, to

seize or lay hold on. — PI.
portujab, rather pYtujab, a

fastening, securing, or seizing.
pa/*u jab, a devastation, or laying

waste.
pat, a cause or reason ; c/ieb jrat,

wherefore.
pat, skill, knowledge ; also a

poem.
rat, heat.

?at, the breath, a breathing.
?atac, prudence, knowledge.
patac, or atac, a giant ; patac-

tuata, a plebeian.
patan, a journey. — PL
patpajm, the hem of a garment.
pat-o;be, a schoolmaster. — PL
pe, under ; pe talam, under

ground; the same as jra, quod

vid.

pe, a rod for measuring graves.
pe, a hedge, pound, or pinfold;

j: e f;<xb, a park.
pe<xb, good.
peab, a widow.
t?e<xb, as, as if, &c.
peab, a conflict or skirmish ; plur.
, ex. <x bjreabta bub
an cunab, the champion
218

pe

behaved gallantly in all his en-
counters.

peab, means, power, faculty.

peabat, Loc peaba^l, an ancient
name of Lough Foyle in the
County of Derry.

peaba/~, goodness; aj but a bjre-
a.bafi, improving, growing better,
also beauty ; vid. jreabu^, idem.

peabba, goodness, honesty ; also
knowledge,
/ta, February,
a, rent.

, cunning, skilful,
beauty, comeliness, de-
cency ; ba jreabity- bo b; <x ^ta;b,
at his best state.

peac and jreac, the handle or
stick of a spade.

peacab, a turning.

peacejb, they put, or set.

peacam, to bow or bend, to turn ;
reacab <xn /-a; jjtto;/t a boja,
let the archer bend his bow.

_eacc and jrecc, a tooth.

!Teac, see, behold; vid. piacajno.

peacab, a pick-ax, or mattock,
ft, a wizard, a seer.

!Teaca;n, a view or sight : pro-
nounced j:euca;nt, a glance.

peaca;no, or jreucam, to look, to
see, to behold; bjceac ^e, he
looked ; aj jreacajn 50 p /t;oc-
namac, looking steadfastly ; t;j
bpeuca;n, he came to visit.

peacb, time, turn, alternative ;
Lat. vicis, vice; peacb naon,
on a certain time, formerly ; an
t^tea^ peacb, the third time ;
jreac'b na;ll, another time, for-
merly, jac a;le jreacb, every
other turn.

?eacb, a journey, an expedition.
Teacb, danger.

ea/t, they shall be sent.
Teacta, was fought : the same as
cu/ita; ceacta/t cat, a battle
was fought; also set, put, pitched.

pe

peacna, idem.

peab, to tell or relate ; amujl ab
peab leab'an "QJnn ba Loc, as
the book of Gleann da Loch re-
lates : also written peat ; Greek
dual, fya-ov, from ^rjjut, dico /
Lat. fat us.

peab, a whistle ; peabu; j;ol, /cfe/?z.

peab, a bulrush.

peab, a fathom ; pjtce p eab,
twenty fathoms,
ab, an island.

Teabab, a relation or rehearsal.

Teabajm, to be able ; peabmaojb,
we can.
abOfl, a pipe, a reed.

Teabanac, a piper.

^eabana;m, to pipe, or wliistle.

jpeaba/ilajc, the old law, or the
Old Testament; vetus lex, ve-
teris lesis.

*N- • • •! -T

peaba/itact, possibility.

peab-ja;le, lamentation.

peab, extent ; a/t peab na r)a/-;a
u;le, throughout the extent of
all Asia ; a^i peab meota;^,
through the extent of my know-
ledge; peab <x jtae, whilst he
lives.

. peab, or p;ob, a wood ; pi. peaba
and pjobbu;be; hence Jnjf na
bp^Obbujbe, the Island of
Woods, or the Woody Island, a
name of Ireland. — K. bo cum
peaba, ad silvarn.

peaba;;teacc, a gift or present.

peaba; /leact:, strolling, or idling.

peabajm, to rehearse, or relate;
rid. peab.

peaban, a band, a troop, or com-
pany ; gen. peabna, as cean pe-
abna, a captain, or head of a
troop or company of men.

peaban and peabanpwac, wild,
savage.

peab!>, a fault or defect ; also a
widow ; vid. pabb.

peab-cua, venison.
219

pe

peabmac, potent.

peabmabo;^, he that hath the use

of a thing.
peabma;m, to make use of, to serve

or administer to.
peabmanac, a governor, or over-

seer; also peabmanac trjje, a

steward, also a servant; peab-

mantac, the same.
peabmantra^ and peabmantac,

superintendance.
peabm-jlaca;m, to make his own

by possession.

peabm-^natu jab, usurpation.
pea ja, a beech-tree ; Lat fagus,

Greek Dor. (payog, pro 0i?yoc ;

cajlead peaf a, a pheasant.
peajab, an old verb : the same as

peacab, to see, behold, &c.
Teal, bad, naughty, evil.
[Teal, vid. peall.

alb, a kernel, or a lump in the

flesh. .
pealca;b, austere, harsh ; also de-

ceitful, knavish.
pealcojbeact, sharpness, sourness,

knavery.
pealcajbea^*, a debate or dis-

pute.
peall, treason, treachery, conspi-

racy, murder.
peallam, to deceive, to fail, &c. ;

rj pealla me o^c, I will not fail

thee; also to brew mischief for a

person, to conspire against ; Gr.

philosophy; bob
a bpeall^a, was skilled in
philosophy.
?eall/~am, a philosopher.
reall/-amnacb, philosophy.
^ealmac, a learned man; also a
monk or friar.
al^amnac, a sophister.
Teal to; /i, a traitor, or villain.

, superfluity.
Teamnac and peamujn, sea-ore, or
sea- rack ; Lat. alga.

pe

peancab and jceanjccvb, wrestling
or writhing, crookedness.

peanca^, genealogy.

peannoj, a Royston crow ; also a
whiting.

peannta, full of holes.

pea/1, good; j:ea/t/t, better; jrea/i-
/ta, zWewz.

pea/t, a man, also a husband ; in
the genit. and vocat. singular and
nominat. plur. it makes jr;/t, Lat.
vir ; in compound words it is
generally written p/i in all
cases, as /i-en and i-e-

c, (Lat. virile genus,) cor-
rupted into f ;;t;on and p/t;onac,
a male, or of the male kind;
and thus, by the by, bujnjonn
and bujfljonac, a female, or of
the female kind, have been cor-
rupted from ben-^ejn and ben-
?e;neac. In the Irish language
me radical and primitive frame
of the leading words in com-
pounds is generally better pre-
served in the conjunct than in
their single state, though the
subsequent word in the com-
pound very frequently suffers
either an alteration or an ampu-
tation of some of its radicals, of
which several instances are ob-
servable in this dictionary. The
above compounds, jr;;t-je;n and
ben-je;n, show us that j:j/t and
ben were the true original Celtic
names of man and woman, upon
which the Latins have formed
their vir and venus : for Venus,
though set up for a goddess, sig-
nifies no more than mere woman,
the emblem of all beauty, ac-
cording to the Pagan mytlfology.
The Irish having no v consonant
in their alphabet, always used
either an aspirated b or an p
instead of it, which, by the by,
was likewise the JEolic v conso-
nant, called the Molic digamma,
220

pe

as they always pronounced it
like an f. The words b;/tan
and bj/ianac, changed sometimes
into b;o;tan and b;o/tanac by
the abusive rule of Leatan le
Leatan, show us also that an-
ciently this word was written b;/i
as well as jrj/t.

pea/1, jreu/t, or jre/i, green grass or
verdure ; Gall, verdeur, Lat
viridis, viride.

pea/tab and jrea/ta;m, to act like
a man, to fight ; ex. bo pea/tab
cat: mo/i-pu;leac eato/-i/ia, a
very bloody battle was fought
between them.

pea/t-a;/ino, a hay-loft, or hay-
yard.

pea/tabactr and jrea/iamlacb, force,
might, power.

pea/tamalacb, manliness.

pea/iama;l, manly, brave.

pea/ian, a quest, or ring-dove;
jrea/tan-b/ieac, a turtle.

pea/ianba, a countryman, a boor,
or farmer.

pea/tann, ground, land, or coun-
try; jrea/iann clo;b;m, sword-
land.

pea/iann-^ajnjjl, or ^ajngeat, a
territory eastward of Limerick,
the ancient estate of the O'Conu -
ings, called Sajngeat, i. e. Sa;n-
angeal, the apparition of an an-
gel, where St. Patrick baptized
Ca/ttan-.j:jonn, king of North
Munster, ancestor of the O'Bri-
ens, &c.

, imitation.

an ape or mmc.
pea/tb, a cow.

pea/ib, a word ; Lat. verbum.
pea/tb, a wheal or pimple, any

bunch or protuberance on the

skin or flesh.
pea/tb, goodness.
pea/tbab and pea/tba;m, to kill,

destroy, or massacre.

pe

, the herb crowfoot.
rie, a herdsman.

a scabbard or sheath;
also a budget or bag, as pe<xn-
fcolgo. px co;m go.c jrjn bjob,
every man of them carried budg-
ets under his arm ; rid. bolg.
pe<Xrt66j, the roebuck.
peaneeciU, a territory between the
Counties of Kildare and Meath,
which anciently belonged to the
O'Molloys; in Irish O'Cl&olmu-
<xb.

pe<x/tcujb^e<xb, threefold.
pe<x/tcuft, a champion ; also man-

hood, courage.
pe<x/tba, male, also manly.
, manhood.

-e<X;t£, anger.

, a champion or warrior.
, angry, passionate.
anger, passion.
to vex or fret ; no.
tu fe;n, do not fret
thyself; bo peaftjajbeab e, he
was angry or fretted.

peaftmo;je, a territory in the
County of Antrim, anciently the
estate of 0'C;<x/ta;n and O'C; j-
eftno. ; also a large and very-
pleasant tract of land in the
County of Cork, now called the
Barony of Fermoy, and the half
barony of Condons. In the old
Irish it was distinguished by the
name of p^-mo.) je £e;ne, i. e.
I iri Cam pi Phceniorum sen
Phcenicum, from the people that
were its inhabitants, who pro-
bably were a party of the Gadi-
tanian Phoenicians, for which
opinion some reasons may pos-
sibly soon appear in another
work. This territory was pos-
sessed from the third century to
the tenth, by the D'Com^c^td; j,
or Cosgras, and the O'Dugans.
Of the former branch descended
221

the Saint Malaga (vid. Colgan,
Act. SS. in Vit. Mologae) and
the great Cuano., son of Caficjn,
Dynast of Cloc-ljtttmujn, near
Mitchelstown, celebrated for his
great hospitality and liberality
in the seventh century. Of the
latter branch there were two
chiefs, each called O'£)ug<xn, one
residing at C<xta;/t-buga.;n, near
Doneraile, and the other at
<Dunm<xn<x;n,now called Manain,
near Kilworth. These families
were the offspring of an Archi-
Druid called OOojftutr, in the
third century. The O'Keeffes .
encroached upon these old pos-
sessors towards the tenth cen-
tury; and they again were dis-
possessed by the Flemings, the
Roches, and the Condons in the
thirteenth century : the Roches
obtained in process of time the
dignity of Lord Viscount of
Fermoy, now extinct since the
death of the late Lord Roch,
Lieutenant-General in his Sar-
dinian Majesty's service, and
governor of Tortona.
cinmcijc, strong or able men,
altogether courageous.
, full of grass.

, and genit cea/tnci, dimin.
, the alder-tree; hence
it is the name of the letter c in
Irish.

, good.

, a shield.

the town of Ferns, a
bishop's see in the County of
Wextbrd.

peanrxx, the mast of a ship; bo
cu<x;b fojfeap. clanno, GDjleab
7~an jre&ftna fjujl, the youngest
of Milesius's sons climbed up
the mast. — Chron. Scot.

peo.^na;be, masculine.

, better ; <xr* cea.KK, best ;

pe

<\D cujb --.. r-

best of the oil.
pea/t/ib<x, manly, brave ; also of or

belonging to a man.
pe<x;t;tb<xct:,manhood ; rather good-

nnec

ness.

., a verse.

vid. jrejft/t^be, plur. a
strand-pit ; hence it is the name
of a place adjoining Rostellan,
near Cork harbour.
efyi^ab, a spindle ; pea/^ab n<x
la;it)e, the ulna, or ell, or the
lowest of the two bones of which
the cubit consists.

, a short verse.

pe<x/t/-c<xt, a man ; cjonap

fin, ol jrj, o;/-i n; pe<xba/i

ba beo, how shall that come to
pass, (says Mary to the angel,)
ibr I know not and will not know
a man while I live. — Leaba/t
b/te<xc. This explication of the
ancient Irish Paraphrast is agree-
able to that of St. Austin and
other holy fathers, who from this
answer inferred the blessed Vir-
gin had made a vow of perpetual
chastity ; Lat. quomodo fiet is-
tud, quoniam virum non cog-
nosco. — Luc. 1. 34.
a/if*ba, a pool, stagnant wa-
ter.

, any good or virtuous act ;
jre<x/it<x jrejle, acts of gene-
rosity.

pea/it;, a miracle; jrefyitdjb" tx/1
ctjcxnrxx, the miracles of our
Lord ; hence jrea^icama;l, mira-
culous.

pe<Xfit, a grave, a tomb ; jrecx/it-
l<xo;, an epitaph.

?e<x/tt:, a country or land.
l, miraculous.

!?ea;ttoj jjm, to bury.

, a funeral oration.
rain ; corrupted from
222

pe

n, a word which is com-
pounded of j:e<x/t or pe;t, green
grass or verdure, and^Jon, wea-
ther; so that feap-fjon lite-
rally signifies grassy weather,
i. e. weather productive of grass
or verdure, for which effect rain
or moisture is absolutely neces-
sary. The opposite of this word
jreufi-/"jon, is CftuAb-y-Jon, signi-
fying a drying or scorching wea-
ther ; j<x;nb';oo, corrupted from
gOLfib-j'-JOfl, is rough, boisterous
weather; and 3<x;ll;on, a cor-
ruption of roll-fjon, means very
severe weather, as if it blew from
a strange country.

peo.fttmol<xb, a funeral oration, an
epitaph.

pea/1 tutlcxc, a territory in the
County of Meath, which belong-
ed anciently to the O'Doolys.
^<xr and cior, genit. piy, know-

' J ' • O ^ j // y

ledge ; nj jreoy bujnn, we know
not.

sapac, knowing, skilful ;
md;l, the same.

, late, in the evening,
the evening; Lat. ves- '
per, Gr. itnrepog ; 70. /-i ^"u;be
jrea^coft, after the setting of the
evening star ; o m<xjb;n jo pedf-
co;;t, from morning till evening,
peoyco/tluc, the dormouse, or
field-mouse ; also an insect that
buzzes and flies about in the
evening.

Ac, late.

, a feast or entertainment. ^
<x^b<x, or jre<tyt<x, a festival, or
festivity.

^<x^b<x, hereafter, henceforward,
forthwith.

ia^poc<x^g<xb, a gargarism ;
pea/-jl<xn<xb, idem.

a herald,
a separation.

pe

, a beard.

, , , - -c, a muzzle,
peat, idem quod reab ; Lat. fari
fates.

peat, music, harmony.
Peat, learning, skill, knowledge.
Peatab, the sight,
-eatal, the face or countenance.
" \, a bowl or cup.

', fur or hair.
. ^dojleab, the palsy,
-eb, whilst, as long as.
&ba;-a; jjm, to correct or amend
Pec, weakness, feebleness,
peb, a narrative or relation.
p**;ro, to tell or relate ; ab reab,
l' e- *>°)nnjr ; rean6ar ab pe-
}jm, I speak of genealogy-

ccTa7* ^ ^ab lcaba>x *™
/ ) as is related in thp

book of Regal Rights.
;eb, hard, difficult,
-eban, flight.
-e;b, as.

:e;b, a long life.
-e;b, good.
:e;c, or F6;t, a vein or sinew ; bon

Pe;c bo c^ap, of the sinew which

shrank; plur. p^jtQ and

<*nna.

a debtor ;

/""/^-^^-VMir/iv^iy

, ,-:, „„„„ et nos dimittimus
fteoitonbus nostris.
pe;b;l, just, true, faithful, chaste
^e;bl;be, a follower.

^fe *°4Continue *™ ^d
amitul, mar c^e;b;om. banab
n *v» leat^-a, agu/~ reibliurab
^, rlancabra tu, if you em-
i, and persist true
therein, I will cure

pe

a thing of nought; 6WL- p,;om
ejle, every other necessary busi-
ness.

.ejbiD-cea^ano, to usurp.
Pe;bm jl;c, provident
pe;bmrealbajr;m, to make a thin-

your own by long possession.
£e;b;l, faithful, &c;

able, possible ;

use, employment, neces-
sity; ba5cu;t a bfe;bm annra
^campa, to empby them in the
camn : tnn,< n^ -,^n • •

v)° 5^0 j:e;bn), as

'223

j r 1 /"-'oott//*, VtUKU.

and answers all the persons sin-
plar and plural, as Fe;b;^ horn,
teat, &c.

, I do not know that
•loody, with effusion of
blood.

sharpy ex. rob ^jat ^o
»/ta f e; je, sit /taster clinmts
contra anna acuta.
pejie a warrior, champion, or

slaughterer; plur. re;r;b.
pe;5e, the top of a house, hill, or
mountain,
long.

u> to catch or apprehend.

-e;l, a bFe;l, secretly.
pe;l and f6;le, and j:5;j;I, the
vigil of a feast ; sometimes the
least itself; f6;l 0?;c;l, rigttia,
JmthaeKs.

pejle and F6;leac'b, generositv, li-
berahh- ; cojne ^;le, a kind of
furnace or chaldron that was
formerly in constant use amon-
he Irish b;ataj;b-, or open
hoiise-keepers ; hence in the
V> elshfelaig signifies a prince,
pejle, arrant, bad in a hi-h de-
gree ; ex. j:e;le b;teamna6, an
arrant thief; f e;le b'/tea;^, an
arrant her.

>/-, the second sight
', vanity, a trifle,
c, frivolous, trifling.

pywr^Sj/tj a whifler, a vain

fellow tliat talks of trifles.
pe;l;^e, a festilogimn, or a calen-

pe

dar of vigils and feasts of saints,
or other solemnities.

pe;lte<xcb, a feasting, or keeping
of holidays ; bfiejt-pejlteacb,
the solemnity of one's birth-day ;
jre;tt;ugdb, the same.

pejmbeab, denial, refusal.

pe;me<x/7, the feminine gender.

pe;m;neac, feminine, effeminate.

pejn, self; tu pejn, thyself; e
pejn, himself; ;<xb pejn, them-
selves; also own, proper; jon<x
<xm j:e;n, in its proper season.

pe;ne, a farmer, or husbandman,
a boor, or ploughman.

pe;nne, or j:;cin<xjbe, the Fenii, or
the famous old Irish militia.

pe;/i, a bier, or coffin ; Lat. fere-
trum ; oib concdba/t ba b<xm
<xlla 50 jre;/-t e<xt<x/ita <xju^ <xr>
co/ip <xnn, they saw two wild
oxen and a bier slung between
them, whereon a corpse was laid.
— L. B.

pe;/i, the genit. of jre<x/i, or jreu/x,
hay, grass; lucj:e;/i, a shrew, or
field-mouse.

, a bramble, or briar.
, a ferret
anger, indignation; gen.

pe;/in feo;t tujnge, the lower end
of a mast.

--

LC;;!/^-;, strength, courage.

pe;/ybe, plur. of jre<x/i^-<xb, the
pits or lakes of water remaining
on the strand at low water or
ebb ; hence bet nd. jre;/t^be, the
town of Belfast, in the north-
east of Ulster, takes its name.

, a convention, a convocation,
or synod ; as pejf tearo/tac, the
solemn convention of the princes
and petty sovereigns of Meath
atTara; jrejr Camrm, and pe)f
C;iu<xcna, the parliament of
Eamhan in Ulster, and that of
Cruachan in Connaught ; ce;y-
224

the parliament of
Casliel.

an entertainment.
', a pig, swine, &c.
carnal communication.

and j:e;^tea^, entertain-
ment, accommodation ; pej/"-
tecx^- o;bce, a night's lodging.

pe;t, honey-suckle ; bujtleabAfi
pe;te, the leaf of honey-suckle.

pe;t, a vein, a sinew ; plur. j:e;te-
<xc<x and jrejteanrxx.

pe;c, tranquillity, silence.

pe;team, or j:e;t;om, to wait, or
attend, to oversee ; tu;£ fe <x
b^rejtrecxm, he lies in wait; <xj
pe;te<xm Qf cjonn, overseeing.

pejteam, a taking care of, looking
at ; j:e;team b;trcealtac, earnest
expectation ; genit. jrejcroe, tucb
jre;tme na fieuttan, star-gazei-s.

pe;t;be, a beast.

to gather, or assemble ;
also to keep, or preserve; ^on
tre;t;^~, i. e. ;to cojmeabu^, you
kept or preserved.

pejtteog, the husk or pod of
beans, peas, &c.

pe;tme6j/t, an overseer or stew-
ard.

?et, strife, debate.

!?ete<xcan, a butterfly.

!Tete<x^t:<x/i and jrete^c/iom, or
etert/iom, a water-plant called
a flag; Wei. silastar and etc Kir.

peljn and petoj, honey-suckle ;
vid. pe;t.

pern and Bremen, a woman or wife ;
Lat. fcemina, Gall, fwninc..

•/ »^

pen, a wain, a cart, or waggon,

pen-cecxp, the ring of a cart-
wheel.

peneojft, a carter, or waggoner.

peneut, fennel ; jrenneul <xca;b,
fennel-giant.

peoba;b, hard.

peob/mb, a manner or fashion.

,, flesh-coloured, or car-

r '

nation.

peo;/tljn;i, a farthing.
-i peol and peojl, flesh meat.

peolab6j;i, a butclier.

peotba/i, fleshy,, full of flesh, fat.

peolmac, flesh meat.

peo/tdn, a green ; also a mountain-
valley, or land adjoining to a
brook.

peocab and jreotajm, to wither ;
jreocta, dry, withered.

peotdn and reotandn. or j:eot-<x-

bdn, a thistle.
?e/ten, a thigh.
Te^, a mouth; also an entry.
~ej-, to kill or destroy; pef <xn
mjljb, he shall kill "the cham-
pion.

pec, a sinew; rid. pejt.

pec, science, knowledge, instruc-
tion.

?et<x, fur or hair.

Tetleog, honeysuckle.

?euc, see, behold.

?euc<xm and j:e<vcaro, to see, to
behold.

peuc<x;n, or pjaca;n, a look or
aspect ; peucujn uajb/teac, a
proud, disdainful look.

peubab and jreuba;m, to be able;
)0na.f~ md peub<xm, so that if we
can.

peupijur, absence, want ; <i breuj-
mcvty- bjb, without meat.

peu/t, grass; pju/t t;/t;m, hay.

peuftca, a hay-loft, or hay-yard;
feu^-lan and peu/t-loc, the
same.

p;, fretting; also anger, indigna-
tion.

pj, bad, naughty, corrupt; hence
the English interjection fie !

p;d, land.

pjab^a/-, or pab/tu;-, an ague, or
fever; rj&b/tujr t;nnr;je, a hot
fever ; Lat.febris.

p;ac<v;l, a tooth ; ejb;n-p;Ac<xjl,
the foreteeth ; pjaclot ponaj-.

F'

late grown teeth ; jrjacla ca;t-
6a;b, cheek or jaw teeth ; co;n-
^;<xcla, madness of dogs ; yt<x;n-
jr;<xcla, tusks or gag-teeth.

p;o.c, or jrjabac, hunting.

pjac, a raven ; j:;<xc p<x;^;t5e, or
|:;<xc-m<Xft<x, a cormorant.

pjac, debt ; plur. pjaca and

we ought, or are obliged,
iaclac, having great teeth or
tusks ; jrjaclcv cott<x;cc. boar's
tusks.

, a lord.
, land.

?;<xba, savageness, wildness.
;<xb, meat, victuals, food; ubcil
bo. f o p;<ib, an apple which was
good food.

p;<xb, a deer ; j:;ab ;tudb, red
deer ; c<i;^;i-p;o.b, a stag or
buck; jr;ab-ponn, a fallow deer;
ge<X)trt-p;ab, a hare : hence the
Sab. f<pdi(.<i,ibr hffdus of the Lat.
— ^ id. Festus Antiq. and Varro :
Hircus, says he, quod Sabini
jircus ; et quod illic fcsdus in
Lath rure hcedus. I have ob-
sen-ed that the inhabitants of the
Tyrrhenian valleys, near Tarbe
and Bagnieres, pronounced the
letter h like f in the beginning
of words; thus, for Pierrc-fite
they say Pierre-kite, the name
of a village near Barege.

pjaba, a testimony, or witness-
ing.

pjaba, lao^ pjaba, a fawn.

p;<xbac, venison; also hunting a
deer: hence it is put for any
hunting game.

pjabac, hunting ; gen. jrjaba; j ;
lucr paba; j, huntsmen or hunt-
ers.

pjabac, detesting, hating.

p;ab<vjm, to tell or relate; jrja-
b<xjb <x bd^-, they relate his death ;
fj<vb<x;b t;/ie, sicvt tes-

tarttur historic?.

abajje, or jrjajujbe, a hunts-

man.

n and pabu;n, wild, savage ;
j:;<xba;r), the rock-goat.
c, a wild boar.
-;<xb j<xb, a hunting-spear.

- ;<xb-lo/ij<x, a hunting pole.

- Jcxbmuc, a wild boar or sow.

<xbr)<v/^e, presence, witness, tes-

timony ; <x bp;<xbnaj^e <xn bujne

yo, before this man.
p;abn<x;^eab, a bearing witness.
CJ<xbntxj^;m, to bear witness, to

testify.
p;<xb-/iO;b;^, wild radish; fjab-

<ib<xt, a wilding, a crab-tree;

a wild rose.
inquisitive ; j:;<X):/i<vj j-

and jrjapiajjjm, to
ask, to inquire, or be inquisitive
about; jcjaptoca tu bo^<xn, thou
shalt ask him.

p;<x;le, weeds.

p;<x;l-t:e<xc, a house of office.

p;<xl, the veil of the temple, which
hung between the people and
the sancta sanctorum, and was
of a prodigious thickness; ex.

<xr>

tecunpu;U <x r)b;ble;t;b 5 ca a
uacba^i 50 a ;ocb<x/i, aj^ /to
cum^-cujjeab <xn talam, <iju^
;tob lu^jecxb^ na cloca, txju^-
/tob bo^lajcce na ?)<xbnac<xjl,
hereupon (at the death of Christ)
the veil of the temple was rent
in two from the top t;> the bot-
tom, and the earth trembled,
(was thrown into a confusion or
convulsions,) and the rocks were
burst asunder, and the tombs
were opened. — L. B.
al, generous, liberal ; bu;ne pal,
a generous person ; hence j:e;le,
generosity.
, a ferret.

226

P

, consanguinity.
c, a hero, a champion, a
knight-errand.
p;alm<x/i, bountiful.
p;<xlmu;/ie and jrj<xlmu;/teacb, li-
berality, bounty.

^, a place where ferrets
are bred; tjj t<ty"<xj/i bo/tb <xj-
<x biacxb, au & <x

te

out of his throat
proceeded a great flame of fire,
just as from a blazing furnace,
which stunk like a ferret-fold. —
L. B.

p^amcXfKXct, a glutton.

p;<xm, a footstep, a trace, or track.

^<xm, fear, reverence.

?;<xm, ugly, horrible, abominable.

C";<xm, a chain.

r;am<xb, a tracing, or pursuing.

pJ<X!Ti<vn, a heinous crime; jr;<xrr)'
co;/i, the same.

p;<in-bot, a tent, hut, or cottage.

p;ann Cj;iean, a kind of militia or
trained bands in Ireland ; amongst
whom p;onn G0cxc-Cu;l was as
much celebrated as Arthur in
Britain.

p;a/i, crooked; also wicked, per-
verse.

p;a/i<xc, -cTo;b p;d/tac, a large ter-
ritory comprehending the great-
est part of the County of Gal-
way, which anciently belonged
to the O'Heynes and to the
O'Shaghnassys.

pjOftcxc, <To;b p;<X;tdc, now called
Guam u; C0f;ea/i<x, in Tipperary,
the estate of the O'Mearas, and
of that sept of the O'Neills who
descended from Coga/7 GOo/ie,
son of OIljolol;m.

p;d/t<xb and ^r;a/-ta;m, to twist or
wreath, to bend; also to warp,
as in a board that warps or bends.
% a crookedness

P

tion.

ta, wreathed or twisted.
, <ib f )&f, I will tell or relate,
i- id. jr;ab<xm.
ja^ba-t, anger.
p;<vtjajl, vetches.
P; j, rectius jrjubuc, a portion of

land, or a fee farm.
pjc, a country village, or castle ;
Lat. vie us rusticus ; ex. ba b;/--
t<x;n;j 6 Je/tu^alem 50-
<xn pjc ba;t<xb <x;nm
. — L. B. Two disciples
who came from Jerusalem unto
the village called Emails.
p;c;m, to put, or sell ; also to
break.

pjc;m, to fight ; ex. fjztfb cejt^e
cac<x jTfij c^u;t-n;B, they fought
four battles with the Picts. Tliis
Irish word is of a Germano-
Celtic origin, as appears by its
close affinity and resemblance to
the Anglo-Saxon wordj£gA£. It
makes jr;ctrecin and pet in the
third person singular of the per-
fect; as fjcjc fe, he fought;
jr;cre<x/t cat: i-jffe, &c., the
liattle of the banks of the river
Liffey was fought by, &c. — fid.
Chron. Sector, passim.

. twenty.

e0j, a small pipe, a whistle.
, a spear or lance.
, a custom, manner, or
fashion.

to weave or knit ; vid.

P;b;t;n, a small fiddle.
pj^e, of a fig-tree ; bujtleaba

fig-leaves.
p; jecan, a garland, a wreath ; also

a web, or weaving.
pjgeab, a weaving or knitting.
p; j;m, to weave ; ma p;jjor» tu, if

you weave.
pjie<\b6;>t, a weaver.
•221

F-f

, the woof or weft, the
set of threads that crosses the
warp ; also the genitive case of
the word jrj jecxboj/t, a weaver.

pJceAll, a buckler.

pjjpb, a fig ; f J^eaba u/ta, green
figs.

p;lb;n, a lap-wing.

pjte, a poet or bard ; j:;le jro j>-
l<xiDC<x, a learned poet.

pjleabacb, p >etry ;

pjte<xb, a fillet.

pjleoj/t, a spruce fellow, a cr
man.

p;l;m, I am ; jr;t tu, you are ; jr;l
;-e, he is; jrjlmjb, we are; jr;l
fjb, or jrjtrj, ye are; fjljb, tl
are.

pjUeab, a fold or plait.

pjUjrn, to tuni or retuni ; bo p;l-
leabd/t, they tumed ; 50 p ;lt;h
tu, until your return ; jrjttjb
bu;t njlun, bend your knee, also
to wrap or fold ; <vj prjlte<xb a
neuba;j, wrapping up their
clotlies.

p;lljf, pro jrealla;/-, that be-
trayest.

pjtltre, folded, also a folding ;
beaTCin pjtlce no. lajme, a little
folding of the hand.

pjm, drink; also wine; bo bA;-
teab pm <x c/te;c;'t, wine was
administered out of cups ; where
note that c^ejc;it is of the same
root with c/iOLtena..

p;m;neac, a hypocrite.

pjmjneacb, hypocrisy.

P;ne, a tribe or family; kindred
or stock ; a nation or people ;
c;ne j-cajt f\\0j\ <xn fjne ; n
&f jrea/tbe pne ; alsa a soldier.

p;ne<xt-cu^C<x. the herb sweet fen-
nel ; Lat. fame id inn didcc.

pjne<xt-fftcv}be, sow-fennel; Latin,
peiiceclamim.
jneciccty-, an inheritance.

, a nation,
and genit.

a twig or osier, or any other
small rod; ex. to. ce;t;m <x; f]-
neamir/n ; Lat. in curru vimi-
neo. — Brogan ; also a vine or
vineyard ; n; jobajb me bon to-
;t<xb yo na jcjnearona, nonbibam
ex hoc fructu vitis ; bo caj/i
jab na j:;neamu;n, eZ wmY eos
in vineam stiam.

p;neu/t, a stock or lineage.

p;n;be<xc, wise, prudent, &c.

p;nn and p;onn, white; also milk.

pjnnbaba; j, a counterfeit sigh.

-;nne, attendance.

-Jnne, testimony. — Matt. 10. 18.

~;nnell, a shield; jrjnnen, zWew.

-jnniejnte, the Norwegians, or
rather the Finlanders ; and bub-
je;nte, the Danes.

p;nn;beacb, care, vigilance.

pjnn^real, a romance or story of
the Fenii.

pjoba.fi and paoBa/t, an edge, or
point, a whetting.

j -Joe, wrath, anger, choler.

?;oc, land.

?;ocba and pocma/t, angry, per-
verse, fierce, fro ward; yujl fj-
ocba, an angry look.

p;oc/i<x, anger.

pjocujl, having twenty angles or
corners.

pjobab, laughter.

pjobab and jc;oba;m, to laugh.
• pjob, a wood or wilderness.
, shrubs.
, a witness.
;, hollowness.

b, a wood, a thicket, or wil-
derness; pi. jrjobbajbe, as )nnjf
TI<X bjrjObb<X)Se, a name of Ire-
land, i. e. the Woody Island.

r;ob-c<xt, a wild cat.

?;obnac, manifest, plain.

?;ob/i<xc, increase.
, fashion.

228

p;ob/iu5a, a wood or thicket.
, a wall ; e/tejr <xn b

through the wall.

p;o j, a braid or wreath ; pole <*;~
<x p] je, the hair out of its braid-

ins.

, a four-square figure.
pjo j<x/t, a figure, a sign ; t/ie pjo- \

j<x;fi no. c/to;^e, through the

sign of the cross ; jrjoj^ac,

toiem.

P?°555' a fig-tree.
p;on, wine ; Lat. vinum ; fjon \

p;onn, white wine.
p;on and p;0nn, small, little, few ;

also white.

a grape, i. e. c<xo/t no.

p;0nac, old, ancient.

pjon<xj<x;U, the Fiugallians, inha-

bitants of Fingal ; rid. j:;0njal.
pjonbot, a tent, or booth.
p;oncao/t, a grape.
PJonblo^, a wine press.
pjonbu;lle, a vine-leaf.
pjon-pv^tean, a wine press.
p;onpxb, the beard ; also fine hair

or fur; rid. jr;onnab.
p;onp}<x/t, cool, tepid.
p;onpua;/te and pon pua;^ea^, a

coolness, a gentle gale.
p;on-pi;/ime<Xb, a maxim.
p;on j<xt, or jrjngujle, treason ; but

properly the murder of a rela-

tion, a parricide; compounded

of jrjne, a family or kindred,

and g<xl or ju/le, slaughter,

murder, &c.
p;onT<xl<xc, a murderer, a parri-

cide ; jrjon-jall, a Fingallian.
pjong0;tt, a vineyard.
p;on-]ab/iajm, to verify.
pjbnmufi, abounding with wine, also

a wine-bibber.
p;onn, white, pale ; also fine, plea-

sant.
p;onn, sincere, true, certain ; 50

jr;onn; verily, without doubt.

pjonn, little, small ; <ty- c;u jrea/t
p;onn, I saw a little man.

pjonn Loclannac, a Norwegian.

pjonnab, a waggon or chariot.

pjonnab, hair, fur, &c. ; pjonnab
t;at, grey hairs ; jr;onnab 50.;
6a/t, goat's hair ; <x jeu;nneab
an pjonnab, against the grain or
hair.

pjonnabmac, hairy, having hair or
fur.

pjonpj/ttean, called c Jo nt an, long
coarse grass, usually growing in
marshy or low grounds; px;fi!>
aga/- nooj^N&ean ; rid. Cat-
;tejm CbojM. bealb.

pjonnam, to look upon, to behold,
to see, also to pay for ; bj:;onn-
pa;b;f na floj j fjn, the army
would pay dear for it.

pjonnaob, neat, clear, clean.

pjonnaolta, white-washed

or

bands
also

wherewith vines are tied,
pjonnjrabac, fine, smooth

sensible.

pjonn pua/tab, a cooling or refresh-
ing.

E}onnco^-ma;l, probable,
jonn-coprmlacb, a probability.
p;onn-obta;b, sober, abstemious.
pjoriflujf, a territory in the County
of Tyrconnel, formerly the pa-
trimony of the O'Forananes and
the O'Carnahanes.
a well.
ic, a flower.

white-shield, a sir-
name.

pjonnua, a grandson's grandchild.

p;onu;/i, the vine-tree ; Lat. ritis.

p;o/t, true, also notable ; Lat. ve-
rurn.

p;o^ab and jrjonam, to make cer-
tain, to verify ; aju^ bo p;0;tab
an pajf tr;ne, and the omen was
verified.

p;Ofia;beacb. veracity.
229

n, salutation, welcome.

pjoft-coj-malacb, a probability.

pjo/iba, sincere, true, righteous.

p;0rt jlan, pure, clean, sincere ; 6 j
p;o/tjlan, the immaculate vir-
jgin.

p;o/tilu;ne, sincerity ; also the
quintessence of a thing.

pjon-jocta/t, the lowest, or the
bottom ; pjo/t joctaft an ua;m
a;6^";je ub jojr^ujnn, the bot-
tom of that stupendous furnace
of hell.

r;0ftmame;nt, the firmament.

-;0ft-onba, illustrious.

-;o;t^a;beac, frivolous, trifling.

t?;o^;ta;beact:, truth, veracity.

p;0;tfta;bteac, that speaks the
truth.

the same,
bon pjo^a, of necessity.

?;0;tcan, long coarse grass growing
in marshy places.
' 3 justify.

spring-water.

, art, science, knowledge, also
vision, understanding ; pea;-,
idem; genit. p;/-e; Lat. visus,
risio ; tdjnjj bom p)Of, he came
to see me.

p;o^ac, knowing, expert ; pea^-ac,
idem.

p;o^a;b;m, to know.

P;o^rta;jceac and rjo^rtac, in-
quisitive, busy, pryinir; percunc-
tans.

|ta; j;m, to know
mine, to inquire,
about.

r;otna;^e, sorcery,
ornate, poison.
;i, the genit. of pea/t, as lam no
co^" an p;/i, the man's hand or
foot ; also the nominat. plural, as
p;/t c^toba, gallant men. This
Irish word j:;;t or pea/t, a man,
one grown up to man's ability or
strength, is like the Hebrew

; also to exa-
or be busy

••

'•

F1

word TUN* which signifies a
strong or able man, robustus,
potens, validus. — Vid. Buxtorf.
et Opitius Lexic. Hebr. p;^ or
fe<x/i signifies the male sex, and
answers exactly to the Lat. vir ;
as bu;ne, which has a close affi-
nity with the Greek Sura/ucu,
possum, validus sum, 8fc. ; hath
also the same signification with
the Lat. homo, and is a common
name to the human race, whe-
ther male or female ; vid. bu;ne.

p;/ib, swiftness.

pj/ibolg, the third colony, accord-
ing to Keating, that came into
Ireland before the Milesians.
There are yet, says he, three fa-
milies in Ireland descended from
the Firbolgs, viz.
T^uca in Connaught,
in Failge, and the
Leinster. N. B. There were
any other families of them,
and perhaps are still subsisting
in Ireland, such as the Martins
of Galway and Limerick, and
the following :

p;/t C/7rt<*5;be, or p;/t na C/tcxojIie,
a tribe of the Belgians in the
province of Connaught.
true, genuine,
a bramble,
and j:j/ie<xcb, truth.

!T;;teab, a bottom, a floor.

!?;/ie<xb, a ferret ; Lat. viverra.
/te<xn and jr;/tea/iac, a true-
hearted or just man, righteous.

p;fte<xrm, male, masculine ; jp jne-
xxnnac and jrj/teomnba, idwn ;
vid. jreaft, sti^ra.

Ejfteann, a chain, or garter.
;;te<xnnac, one of the male sex, a
boy or man.
p;^e<xnn<xct, manhood.
p;/teanta, true, just, righteous,
loyal.

integrity, righteous-
230 *

t- wtfh
&y a

ness, loyalty.

pJfieu/Kxm, to justify, to verify.
p;/i-;m;ol, the utmost coast or bor-

der.

p;/i;n, a despicable little fellow.
p;;vjflne, the truth.
p;/t;nne<xc, true, just, faithful ; 50

j:;/r;r)ne<xc, truly, certainly.
pjpjnfce, the masculine gender.
/-%;/t-jonab(Xc, a lieutenant.
p;/t-ljona;m, to multiply.
P;/tmeo;/t, a farmer. - —
p;/yj, strength, power. A
p;/itecxn, bound, obliged.
£)f, colour, a dying, or tincture.
p)f, a dream.

f and fjf &, the genit. of pj

knowledge, also a vision ; jrea/t-
a seer rid'

p;t, a collation, or low mess, a

breakfast.
p;t, land.
p;te, or pjjte, woven, wreathed,

twisted, braided.
p;te&n, a quill ; p;tean jr;o jbo/u\,

a weaver's quill.
pjtean, a hog.
p)tc;ob, twenty; cxn p£c;obm<xb,

the twentieth.
p;tc;ol, and genit. jrjtcjlle, a full

or complete armour, consisting

of corslet, helmet, shield, buck-

ler, and boots, £c. ; as,

o ;t; <i;yj 50 ;tj Ceam/i<xc,
the king of Cashcl presented to
the king of Tara thirty coats of
mail and thirty complete ar-
mours.

pjccjll and jr;tcjlte, tables, or
chess-board; <xj ;m;/tt: jrjtcjtlc,
playing at tables, or chess.

pjc;/t and j:e<xt<vj/i, a doctor or
teacher.

pjt/tecxc, that kind of sea-rack
which is called bi/jlea^, or sea-
grass, and is wholesome to be
eaten in the morning, as some

it is
I n;

think.

p;u, worth ; <xy jrju <x;nj;b e
worth silver, also worthy
jrju roe, I am not worthy.

p;u, like, alike.

P;ubd^, dignity, worth.

pjucac, boiling.

pjucab and pjucajm, to boil up, to
spring forth.

pjucab, a boiling, or springing
forth; Lat. scatebra.

pjin and rjuna^", price or value.

worthy, deserving ; 50
,c, worthily : Lat. aigne.
~, merit, worth, dignity.

, sanguine or murrey,
being a staynard colour in lie-
raldry, used to express some
disgrace or blemish in the fa-
mily.

plaj/i-bea/tjtact, the bloody flux.

plajt, a lord, also a prince or
king; \rm.flach, and formerly
a kingdom ; plat, idem.

plajtr, a kind of strong ale or beer
among the old Irish.

L, a man s proper name ;
whence O'pl<x;tbeanta, a fa-
mily-name descended from the
stock of the O'Connors of Con-
naught, and whose ancient pro-
perty was the territory called
GOu;nt;;tiT)imcu, in that province
of which thev were proprietary

11 *

lords.

la}r-cj^t:e, a royal treasure,
plajteamajl, generous.

generosity.

;- and jrlajteammo.;-, sove-
reignty-, rule, or dominion, a
kingdom; pl<xjtea;~ CjnjOnn,
the realm of Ireland, also the
kingdom of Ireland; jrlajteo./*
Oe, the kingdom of God; it
likewise means a reign, as cl<xj-
tea^ Cjb;»t, the reign of Heber ;
jrlajtea^ n<x bjrlajtea^, the
Heaven of Heavens, or the king-
231

dom of Heaven.

, a heathen priest.
, jrtann, blood ; also red.

, the proper name of several
sreat chiefs of the old Irish.
pt<xnn, whence O'ptajn, English,
O'Flin, a family-name of which
I find four different chiefs de-
scended from different stocks.
One in Connaught, of the same
stock with the O'Connors of that
province, who was distinguished
by the name of O'plajn-ljne,
and whose estate was the district
called Ckijn-iDoelfiuano.; ano-
ther OTl<x;n, descended from
Ccll<x-u<x;;-, king of Ulster and
Meath in the fourth century, was
dynast, or chief lord of Hytuir-
tre, in Orgiala, of which district
O'bon<xllajn had a share ; rid.
6on<xllajn. A third O'pla;n,
of the stock of the O'^onocu^,
was proprietor and lord of the
large district called OOu^c^tj-J-
pbtajnn, extending from the ri-
ver Dribseach, near Blarney, to
Bally voorny ; his principal resi-
dence was the old castle of Ma-
croom, built by one of the
O'Flins, and called Ca;/-lean-J-
pbldjn/?, from the name of its
founder. This family continued
proprietary lords of that country
until towards the beginning of
the fourteenth century, when the
Mac Cartys of Blarny over-
powered them, and after putting
their chief to an ignominious
death, possessed themselves of
all his lands and castles. A
fourth O'pldjnn, of a more an-
cient stock than any of those
just mentioned, being of the
old Lugadian race, was called
O'plo.;nn-<l'/tba, from the place
of his residence, which was the
castle of Arda, near Baltimore,
in the west of the County of

Cork. He was lord of the dis-
trict anciently called JS-batl;-
amna, in whose centre is situated
that castle whose ruins are still
to be seen.

planna;z;cvr>, whence OTlannagajn,
a family-name, of which the To-
pographical and Genealogical
Poems of O'Dugan and Mac-
Fearguil, mention five chiefs of
different stocks and in different
provinces of Ireland. First,
O'Flannagan of Orgialla, who
was proprietary lord of a large
district called Cuat-/tat:a, in
the County of Fermanagh, and
descended from the same stock
with the Maguires, lords of In-
niskillin, and the Mac Mahons,
all descendants of Colla-ba-
Crrjoc, brother of Cotla-ua;^,
king of Ulster and Meath, soon
after the beginning of the fourth
century. — Fid. Cambren. Ever-
sus, p. 26. The present here-,
ditary chief of this family is
Colonel John O'Flannagan, now
an officer of particular note and
merit in the Imperial service,
whose younger brother, James
O'Flannagan, Esq., is Lieute-
nant-Colonel of Dillon's regi-
ment in France. A second
O'Flannagan, descended from
the stock of the O'Connors of
Connaught, was dynast, or lord
of the country called Ctancatojt,
jointly with O'Cfloel-COo/iba,
b'Ca/ttajb, and 0'00o/t^e;n. —
Jiff. Canib. Erers. p. 27. A
third O'Flannagan was dynast of
of a district called Comar, in
Meath. — Fid. Camb. En>rs..\\
25. But his particular stock I
am not enabled to point out. A
fourth O'Flannagan of the same
stock with O'Carol of Cjte-J-
Cbeartbujt in the King's County
and that of Tipperary, desoen-
232

dants of Ca;bj, son of C;an,
son of Oljoll-olum, king of the
south half of all Ireland, in the
beginning of the third century,
was dynast, or lord of the ter-
ritory formerly called Qneat-
a/tja, in the King's County.
And a fifth O'Flannagan, of
what stock I cannot ascertain,
was dynast of the territory called
Uact<Xft-t;/ie, on the borders of
the County of Tipperary towards
that of Waterford.

!?tan/~5ao;jleab, the bloody flux.
-^ujleac, that has red eyes.
r, or j: la;t, a prince. ^~-
, a sitting, or session.

pleab, a banquet, feast, or enter-
tainment ; jrleaj, idem.

ple<xba;m, to feast, or banquet.

pleaboica^, a feasting or banquet-
ing ; j:le<x j<xc<x^, idem.
ea^g, a rod or wand; bo /tab
(!);a an jrtea^g po/t ala;n <x
la;m 0?ao;^e, i. e. God gave the
wonder-working rod to Moses.
L. B.

a wreath, a rundle
rng.

, moisture.
, a sheaf; jrtea;'£A
u;le bo rteactajn bo
)0fep, the sheaves of all the
sons bent themselves before the
sheaf of Joseph. — L. B.

ptea^ac, a fiddler ; also a clown,
a rascally fellow.

plea^racan, an ignoble fellow, u
rustic.

piea^lama, land, a field, farm, or
tenement.

pl;ce, phlegm, moisture ; also the
comparative degree of fljuc,
wet, moist.

?l;ceacb, moisture, Doziness.

Tljcnoeab, any measure for liquids.

|?l;b and ptejb, chick-weed ; Wei-

or

mac

po

pl;r, the herb chick-weed; Lat.
nlsine.

?l)0)r, idem quod plajt.

?l;/team, to water.

rl;uc, wet, moist, dank, oozy.

?l;ucam, to wet, to water, to moist-
en ; pl;uctan e, let it be wetted
or moistened, &c.

pl;uc-/-u;leacb, the disease of the
eyes, when watering continually.

ploc, lax, or soft ; Hispanice,
ft oxo.

ploca^, or ploccy, a lock of wool,
a flock.

plan, meal, flower ; otherwise
and metaph. plu/t or plu/t
bpea/t, the choice of men.
- po, under, into, &c., like pa and
pe; also to, towards, at, with,
&c. ; vid. pa.

*0, a king, prince, or sovereign.

?5, good; vid. p;.

To, easy, quiet, unconcerned ; poj
IjOmya rno lu; jjob, I am uncon-
cerned for my small stature,
po, in compound words implies
fewness or rarity, also smallness ;
£0-bu;ll;be, a lew strokes; po-
bobajn, thin or little water; po
bu;ne, a mean man.
po, honour, esteem, regard ; jan
po jan po;i;cjnt:, without honour
or relief.

. e. pjappuj e, nqurng,
asking ; as poact ^eal bon
beo/tujje, ask the stranger what
news.

tvjftn pojlcunca, swarms of learn-
ed men. — Kent.
-oba;n, begun, commenced.
-obajb, quick, swift, nimble.
?o-?Mjlte, the suburbs of a city.
, sick, infirm, weak.
, a salve or ointment
no. ^"ut, eye-salve.
_ob;c, because, because that.
, tawny, yellowish.
a thistle.

233

po-

po

f?oc, obscure.

>cal, a word; Lat tocalis ; a
vowel, also a promise ; pocal-
roaga;b, a scoff, a taunt, or by-
word.

-Ocal-pneumacr, etymology.
rocal-p;teumu;je, an etymologist

•, profuse, prodigal.
!?ocajbe, scoffing; vid. pocu^b.
!?oca;be, a disease, a disorder.
!?0cajn, a cause, a motive, or rea-
son.

poca;n, disturbance, quarreling,
pocajn, along with; am poca; t,
along with me, in my company ;
ajt bpoca;^t, with us.
pocall, dirt, filth, corrupt matter.
pocan, food, fodder, provender,
pocan, young and tender in the

blade.

pocla, a den, or cave ; pocla leo-
roan, a lion's den ; pocla po, the
seat or mansion house of a lord.
?ocmab, scorn, contempt.
-Ocnac, a reward or recompense.
?oc/tab, banishing, or routing ; a.
bpocnab an u;lc bo iujt CaiDOn,
in banishing iniquity Edmond
lost his life.

, happiness, bliss, felicity.
•, the bosom.

, f a peant: ann, her grave
was dug there. — Chrou. Scot.
poet:, interrogation, or asking a

question.

pocujbe, or pocujbmeab, a flout, a
jeer; also derision, scorn, con-
tempt.
pocujbm;m, to scoff, to mock, to

jeer, to deride, to scorn.
pocu;bmeac, joking, deriding, jeer-
ing; also a mocker, &c.
pocla, a proposition, a maxim.
poclo;n, a vocabulary, or dic-
tionary.

pob, art'or skill.

pot), a clod of earth, glebe, soil,
'2 G

'•• land, &c. ; hence the Lat.fodio,
to dig, andfeodum, orfeudum,
a fief, or fee.

pobac, wise, prudent, discreet.

pobal<x;m, to divide, to distin-
guish.

pobb/iu;b and pctocnufr,, fiends, fu-
ries.

pob, knowledge, skill.

poba;t, a division ; also releasing,
or dissolving.

pobcUl;m, to loose or untie; vid.
jrobd.lfl.jm, to divide.

pObb, a cutting down.

pob^n. rid. -pdnn.

pr,bo/ib, the humming or -murmur-
ing of bees, -any loud noise; also
a conspiracy or plot.

pobujne, any man in low life, a
plebeian.

perceiving.

, a yard, a park, or enclo-
sure.

pogojl, to teach, or instrr.ct ; also
to dictate; ;to jro^ajl fe jub
u;le, he dictated them all (to
his clerk. )— J7r/. Anal. Tig/tern.
Vid. jrojab, infra.

pojajft, bo jrogaj/t ^e, he com-
manded ; -tid. jrog/KXb ; also to
publish.

po j and jrogab, is the radix of the
word po;z;la;m, and of the same
signification ; as bo jrO£ ye bo;b
y&c <x tufi&if, he instructed
them with the intent of his ex-
pedition; vid. C(x;t/te;m Cbo;/t-
beal.

po j, entertainment, hospitality.

po j<x, a dart, also an attack, a rapt ;
hence jro j-rrxxfuxc, a sea-robber,
or pirate.

po j<x;t, an inroad into an enemy's
country, robbery, &c.

poi<xl<x;m, to plunder, to spoil;
derived from poj, a rapt, quod

, a robber ;
234

po

the same.
po jal, the whole.
poj<xna;m, to do good, to suffice,

to serve.
poj<xnca and j:ojoint<xc, good,

prosperous, serviceable.
pojantacb, goodness, prosperity,

sufficiency.

po j<xoc, a gentle gale or blast.
poia.ft, a sound, a noise, or voice ;

also a tone or accent ; bap)g<x/t,

or beagp? jajtac, a diphthong ;

and t/ieo.j-j:oJ4/t<xc, a triph-

thong.

c, echoing, resounding,

loud, noisy, clamorous.

^<x/iajm, to make a noise, to

tingle.

^bd.n&n, a thistle.
[To jl(X;m, learning, instruction.

^ldnr)teoic, a novice, an appren-

tice, a scholar; trojlujnte, the

same.

^lama and jrojtamttx, learaed,

ingenious ; cea;tb po jlam<x, skill-

ful artists ; sometimes written

, lo commit trespass, to

rob ; vid. j:o j.
po^la^am, to grow pale.
po jtatTKXjm, to learn ; bejtcx 50

bfolcxjmjreci olc, for fear you

should learn vice.
pojlujdb, a ransacking, or rob-

bing, &c.
po^lujnte, a scholar, or appren-

tice, a novice.
po^irm/t, the harvest.
po jmo/tdc, a sea-robber, a pirate ;

rid. jro j.

pojna;b, enough.
pojn<x;m, to suffice, to do good ;

rid. jro jana;in ; also to serve, to

be in slavery; bo ceatfta t/tebe

jrojnajb, quotnor fini/iliis inser-

riebat. — Vit. S. l^atricii.

T), servitude, slavery, i. o.
'.— \ it. S.

po

Patiic.

poT,la;ro, to loose or untie.
pSjjitxb, fO/tfOTjta, and j:5Ta;fit,

a warning, charge, or caution ;

also a proclamation or decree,

an ordinance or declaration,
pojftab and p)Tjta;m, to warn or

caution, to order or decree,
pojt-a/tta, a district in Leinster,

Eossessed anciently by the O'Nua-
ms.

-, near, at hand; a
bo, near him; its comparative
and superlative is fO;cj-e, or
pyjf-je, nearer, or next.

po;, i. e. Cnamco;tl, the name of a
place near Cashel.

pojceall, i. e. fOftma;l, a day's
hire or wages, a salary, &c.

po;cjll, to provide or prepare ; fto
bdba/t tft; bl;ajana aj fojc;ll
na fie; je fjn, they were three
years preparing for that feast.

po;bb;un, quick, smart, ready.

po;bea^ra/t, is sent, gone, &c. ;
an^;n ro;bea^raft ]5jla;b cu?t-
p^ujft fo/t ceann )o^*a, TO rt;ab-
j-ab ba ajallab, then Pilate sent
a messenger for Jesus that he
may come and speak to him.—

Zo
. Jj.

?c;bneac, a little image.

iro;b/teacba, likeness.

?o;pb and fO;j;be, patience, for-
bearance.

po;j;beac, patient, forbearing.

po; jjbeab and co;^;b;m, to bear
patiently.

P5JJP> a green plat, a mead.

po;;j;^e and Ipoygfj, nearer, or
next ; n; a/" f o; j^e, nearer ; bo
b; ft poj-gfe bon ft; j, he was
next to the kins.

pojl, a while ; T,O f o;l, yet, as yet,
also a little while ; pan TO coil,

1 .-. J O | / s

stay a wlnle.

po;lbearna, fierce, cruel, terrible.
po;lbejm, a blast, also a scandal
235

or reproach ; jro;lBe;mnja jab,
idem.

po;lceabftab, adjuration, conjur-
ino;.

-^ •

[-o;lceabto;/t, a conjurer.

-0;leaba, a truckle-bed.

To;leab, a fillet, a woman's coif. •

_o;leana;m, to follow, to go after,
to hang after.

To;lea;tbab, death.

?o;lea^an, an asp.

?o;lleacbac, a research.

ro;lleact, a track, a footstep.

To; lie a^t, the bud of a flower.

po;ll; jeac, negligent, sluggish ;
written for f a;ll; jceac.

po;ll; jeac and co;ll;iceac, pro-
perly means hidden, latent, which
does not exteriorly appear. Our
old parchments of medicine use
it frequently in this last sense.

po;llp jjm and jro;Upujab, to re-
veal or discover, to express, de-
clare, or manifest ; 30 bpD;Ure-
ocab ma;nm, that I may declare
my name.

, manifested, made plain.
po;ll^-;ujab, a manifestation, or

declaration, discovery.
!To;lmean, a bad dress.
|?o;meal, consumption.
!To;mb;n, in expectation of,
To;-neal, a little cloud.
po;n/-e and pDjn^eoj, the ash-

tree.

wells, springs, or foun-

tains.

jnfjon, i. e. pojn^e-an)u;n, the

name of a river in the County of

Cork and barony of Fermoy.

jft, help thou; ro;^ Oftt pejn,

save thyself.— Matt'. '27. 40.
, a ship's crew, any number of

people stowed in one place ; pi.

ruj'tne ; \\ei\cc fi/trion.
pojftbjm, to be present.
p6;jtb;t;at:jtac, an adverb.

po

poj/tb/vjOc, force, power.
po;/ice<xb<xl, instruction, exhorta-
tion, admonition, also a lecture
&c. ; fO;;ice;beal, idem.
po;;iceo.bcxla;ro, to teach, instruct,

or admonish.

po;,nceo,nn, the end or conclusion ;
7,0 ro;/tceann no. talir)0.n, to the
end of the earth ; also the front
or forehead.

po;^tc;ob<xl, a reinforcement.
po;^ibe;/ic, more excellent.
po;;ie<xm<!i;l, steep, headlong.
po;|ieb;m, to prevent,
poj/iegean, violence, constraint.
po;;tj:e, old, ancient; also per-
fect.

poj^eacb, old age ; also perfec-
tion.

po;fi-p;<xcla, the foreteeth.
po;/i jeallo., witness, testimony.
po;/ij;ol, a declaration, manifesta-
tion, &c; ; fo;/t j;ol no. j:;;t;nne,
the manisfestation of the truth.
po;/tj;olo.;m, to prove, to declare.
po;figl;be, nobility.
po;/i^l;be, true, certain,
poj/igljb;^, they used to swear,
poj/ijneo.m, a building; po;;tgne-

o. jo.b, a building, cedificium.
poj/tjn; j;m, to build.
po;;t;<x/i<xc, prejx)steroiis.

f-QlMFJtfl** to perform, or exe-
cute.

TrWJ&W' to stay? to wait, or de-
lay. f

po;/i;jc;n, aid, help, relief, suc-
cours; powjit;n bo lucb <xn
y-6; j, a relief to the afflicted :
also written pojpjn and fo;/t-

, to bless or make happy,
to relieve or assist ; also to
heal, to save; p5;/t Oj\j\ujnn <x
<-b;a/ina, help us, O Lord.
po;/t;n)eat, the utmost part, the
furthermost limit; also the cir-
cumference of a circle ; ex. on
236

po

roeobon TO po;^;meo.l, a centra

usque ad circumferentiam.
po;/t;noeal<xc, a front ; also extriiv

sic, on the outside.
pojjrjom/iab and j:o;ji;om/ia;bceab,

a ceremony.

po;fijom/ta;bt;e<xc, ceremonial.
poj/ile<xt<xn, extensive, large ; 50

jro;/tle<xt<xn, at large, in an ex-

tensive ample manner : but in

old parchments it signifies in

general, universally.
po;|tl;on, much, many.
poj/il;0nab, a completion; also a

supplement.
po;/il;OrK\b and j:5;^ljonajm, to

complete, to make perfect.
po;/tl;ont<x, complete, perfect.
poj/im, a form or manner, an

image.

po;;tne, dwellers, inhabitants; na
the old inhabi-

tants; the plur. of jru/t/i;on and

po;;ine<j.b, inclination; <X

necxb, headlong.
po;/me<X;it, oppression, high hand ;

xxg ;m;/tt: j:6;^nj^t; o/tftu;nn, op-

pressing, or laying a heavy hand

on us.

po;/t/ie;t, manifest, apparent.
po^t^*e<xb and pu;;t^e<xb, harrow-

ing.

po;^itbe, a cut, or cutting off.
poj;ttb;ieat:/7u j<xb, divination.
po;/itc;, black, swarthy.
poj/ttc;, i. e. fjo/tcu; j, a shoe.
po);tto;n, enough.

ajA^-j, rudiments, or intro-

duction.

be, slaughter, massacre ;

the massacre of the Delvins by
the inhabitants of Ossory. —
Chron, Scot.

?o;;tc;l, able, strong, hardy; Lsif-
for Its.

?o;/it;te, the comparat. and sit-

perlat. of p);/tt;l, signifying more
iiardy, and most hardy by pre-
fixing /?; buf, or nj &f, to imply
the comparative, and af to sig-
nify the superlative ; n; bu^ jroj;t-
t;le, more hardy or brave; <xn
re<x(K af rojfttjle, the hardiest,
&c. N. B. The Irish have these
particles rrj bar and 4.f, and no
other, to distinguish and form
their degrees of comparison, as
the English more and most.
po;;tt;le and jro; ncjle<vctr, pa-
tience, greatness of soul, as in
pain, sorrow, or even the agonies
of death; also courage, hardi-
ness, and intrepidity in dangers,
labour, or difficulties, like the
cardinal virtue fortitude.

leisure ; o.^ fOjf , vacant, or
free from business.
ro;^cjonn<xc, backbiting, malice.

to approach.
to stop or rest.
and jroj^cjne, a resting,
or residing.

po;^-te<xb, hire, hirin
from the verb
hire.

poj7te<j.n<xc, serious, also arranged,
in good order; /"luaj prj^rea-
nac, a well-ordered army when
on their march.
po;t, about.

woods.
, hunger.

a short day, a little while ;
rid. jrojt.
!?ota, a garment.
!Tol<x, the genitive of pujl, blood.
Tot<xbft<x, a good speech, pleading,

or reasoning.
pol<xc, a covering.
pol<xc, hid, secret, private ; <x bj:o-
tac, hidden ; Lat. clam, in oc-
culto ; Goth.fulgin, occtdtum.
pol<j.cca;n, toleration, forbearance.
water-salad, water-
'237

wages ;
to

po

parsnip.

potcib, a cover, or covering.

polab, power, ability.

polabtt, cattle.

polajb, a wimple or mufler. — Is.
3. 23.

pol<x; je<xc and pola; jteo.c, secret,
private, hid.

poldj jjm, to cover ; bo polu; j ^e
;<xb, he covered them over ; bo
jrojte<vb n<\ j-lejbte, the moun-
tains were covered.

pol<xm, empty, void, vacant.

polcvftctjtp, to command ; also to

offer, or proffer.
!?olafitMT), or jrOficilcim, an offer.
?ol<x^n<x;be<xcr, equality, parity.
?olann<x;beac, equal.
rola.ftcoj;t, an emperor.
Tol<i;trno.;b, a sufficiency, enough.

rola/ttna;bjm, to satisfy.

, a shoe, sandal, or slipper.
i, a cleansing of the hair by
washing the head; jcolco-b c;nn,
idem.

potcab and jrolcajm, to watei or
moisten, to cleanse by water, to
steep in water.

poljrdjb, whole, entire.

polj, active, nimble, quick.

pollac, a kind of water-gruel ; also
any covering or garment.

pollab, government.

Colla;n, rid. raltajn. — Luke, 5.

r 39.

poltaman, a grace, ornament.

poUamnug<xb, a ruling or govern-
ing, as a prince.

poUo.mnu;jjm, to rule or govern,
to sway ; jf jonnac ge;n j:u;b;0;t

<x poput fejn, in thee will a
Chief be bom who shall govern
his people. — L. B.
polt<X;~, or potlu^, plain, evident,
manifest, public ; go p
openly, in the day-time ;

po

<xr jrollur, as is manifest.
pollrc<xb, a scalding,
pollrmm, to make apparent, or

manifest, to discover,
pollurjtan, clear, loud; le jut

f oltu/-jlan, with a loud voice,
polirxxc, that makes hollow or

empty,
polmu; j;m, to make empty ; bo

f olmu; jeab e, it was emptied.
polo/-c<x;n, a tad-pole ; ranuncu- •

lus.

polorg, a burning of heath,
pelt, the hair of the head ; 50
nujge <xn jrolt: tjat, even unto
hoary hairs ; also a tail ; ex.
co/t/tuj jjb re <x polt, he moveth
his tail.— Job, 40. 17.
poltcjb, a leek.
polubab, to be active or nimble.
polu<x;mne<xc, stirring, active, nim-
ble; also prancing; rte<xb JTO-
lucv;mne<xc, a prancing steed.
poluamAp, a giddy motion ; also
a running away or flying ; a skip-
ping.
?olu<Xfi, a footstool.

<xc, hid, secret.
n, bad clothes.

obeisance, humilia-
tion.

p6m<x;i, harvest, autumn.
!Tom<X;tb<x, autumnal.

2, half drunk.

and jrSmojtdc, a pirate. It
is recorded in Irish Histories
that a certain race of foreigners,
distinguished on account of their
piracy, by the name of poma-
;i<x;j, formerly infested this na-
tion, and were at last overthrown
and banished by Lu;j Lam p*ba.
This word is understood by some
to mean a giant, for Clocan n<X
poma/tajT, in the County of
Antrim, is rendered the Giant's
( 'iiuseway ; romo/tajj, or rather
23S

po

p)jmo;i<vj;z;, properly signifies

sea-robbers ; from po j, rapt or

plundering, and roo/t, mu;;-(, or

ma/t, the sea ; vid. jro j.
ponamab, jeering, or mockery ;

jronoiTKXb, idem.
ponam<xbac, a jeering person.
poihMnaXKljn), to mock, to deride.
ponn, land, earth.
ponn, delight, pleasure ; a desire,

or longing ; <x ta fOnn o^im, I

long very much.
ponn, a time or song; <x Bjronnujb

b;<xba, in hymns.
ponn, inclination, desire; jronn

<x^ur f<x;t;jjor, inclination to

act, accompanied with a dread

of bad consequence ; vid. jrd.tr;-

jjo^, supra.
ponn<xb, a journey.
ponndtTian and pDnnrnfyi, willing,

inclinecl, or prone to.
ponnatTKVj/ieacb, inclination, pro-

pensity, willingness.
a, a hoop.
, a band.

and jronrojft, a cooper.
ronta5;t<\;m, to rejoice, or be

glad.
po;t, before ; Angl. fore, in com-

pound words,
po/t, over, or upon ; jro/t p e<x/-«xjb

C;/-i;onn ;to c;nn <xn m<xcuom,

the youth excelled all the Irish ;

also beyond, into, &c.
pOjt, discourse, conversation.
2o/t, protection, defence.
TO/-I, enlightening, illumination, ^
, a seat, or bench; I

pO;i<\boijb, early, ripe, or before

the time ; prci'cox.
po/tOLCAjft, a watchman.
po/t<xjbe<xc, fierce or cruel.
po/t<xjbeo.c, fierceness, cruelty.
pO|i<xj^)m, or pvj/vjm, to watch or

guard.

po

pond.; %jf, or j&i\aojf, a forest ;
also the kennel of a fox, or the
haunt of any wild beast.
po;t<j.}l, excess, superfluity,
pojtdjlljm, to offer; bponajll fe
bo;b fjt fat<\jn, he offered
them an everlasting peace.
po;t<xjm, a journey.

.**~ po/Kijnm, a pronoun ; also a nick-
name, an epithet.

ponajne, a watch or ward ; <xnn^a
bjro/KXjrte, in the ward ; <xn
jonabajb jromxjrte, in the lurk-
ins places; rt'ctitts jrOft pxj ne ;
also those that lie in ambush,
ponajrmeab, remembrance,
ponan, ansrer, wrath.
pOftan, a short verse, or versicle, a

sons:.

pomintd, angry, resolute, pre-
sumptuous.

po»t<xo^-5jta6, old, ancient, an old
man ; p);tao^bean, an old wo-
man.

ponty-, knowledge, understand-
in.

, a ford in a river.
?o;t<jy, old, antique, ancient.

, increase, or augmentation.
, a law; also a foundation;
&. a history ; po^to.;- -
, an expositor or etymolo-
gcon.

, grave, sedate, sensible.
ct:, grant}', sobriety.
, illustrated.
?ojtb, a landlord.

2o,tba, land; Gr. ^.op/3n, Lat.
herba ; also ^lebe-land, or tlie
lands annexed to a church;
hence the word comojtba, or
comjrojtba., a successor in a see
or church -living; ; coirronba
patTftajj, St. Patrick's succes-
sor in the see of Armaah ; it
also signifies a lay possessor of
part of the lands annexed to a
church. — Fid. War. cap. 17.
230

Antiq. Hib. et Girald. Carnb.
Itin. Camb. 1. 2. c. 4. Also a
partner in a benefice, such as
those laymen who enjoy part of
the tithes of a parish by way of
impropriation. — Fid. comj:o;tba.

portba, a tax, or contribution.

po;tboc, i. e. cu;b n<x m<x-tb.

, cutting, slaying, or slaugh-

tering.

, to grow or increase ; 50/1

b<x;/t jo/\t<\ bj;t;m <wn, n conse-
quence a great famine increased
there.

po/ibojjtt, increase, profit, emolu-
ment.

po/tb<x;^, a conquest; bo beanam
popbajf fOj\ &}i\jnn, to make a
conquest of Ireland. — Fid. An-
nal. Tighern. et Innisfallcn.

po-tban, banns of marriage, any
proclamation or edict.

potiban, excess, extravagance.

po;tb<x/~, a snare or ambush ; rid.

0;tb/iat:, a cloak, the upper gar-
ment ; ^cfltwx^ j<xrt<xro <\. ro^t-
bfuxt, she afterwards spread her
cloak. — Brogan.
'o/ibccxojteab, mirth, rejoicing.
!?0;tc, firm, steadfast,
iitcab, to teach, instruct, &c. ;

ro/tcoib Jo^o. <x eA^bulo. jn n<x
;tuno.jb b;<JLbd, it was in Galilee
Jesus instructed his apostles
fully in the divine mysteries. —
L.'B.

ponco.ii, violence ; also a wooden
hook.

or .jro/tojna, a com-
mand, an order, or decree.
pcucaojn, a catch, or quirk; a

caption in words.

ponco/r??ta, persuasion, advice, in-
stigation ; ex. 50 fto <xbrtAb ;-ab
xn cojmbe jc-t;

po

belli an paib, so

f i *^t i / B / j J *

that the Israelites adored God
throughout the persuasion and
solicitations of the prophet Heli.
L. B.

po^iconj/KX, a command.
Po/iconj/tdjm, to bid or command.
-Ofic/to;ceann, the foreskin.
-Oftcm<x;b, superfluity, excess.
-0;icom<xl, a binding together.
!?OjtCfi<x;b, superfluity, excess.
)/tc^<x;b, rising or dawning ; jro/t-
c^t<x;b mcx;bne, the dawning of
the day.

c, the fore part of the head.
, erring or straying.
5, a lid or cover ; <x^i ^ro/ibu-
bujb mo ful, upon my eyelids.
pO;tba/ic, the light ; also plain,

manifest.

pOpib/iojn, a loin ; 6b pOftb^tojnjb,
from thy loins ; also the womb
of a woman.
pOftbuloic:, erroneous,
po/tejgeoin, force, a rape, violence ;
but e;ge<xn is the common word
for a rape.

po/tejgneac, violent, ravishing,
&c.

•, a guard.

:, a watch, or ward ; vid.

po/ipx;rieac, watching ; also a

watchman.
po/tpa;/rjro, to watch or guard;

also to lie in ambush.
po/i-j:oc<xl, a by-word, a proverb,
po/tjrujneog, a window-shutter; a

wire or lattice before a win-
dow.

po/ig<v;/im, a convocation.
pO;tf<x;^;m, to provoke; also to

call together,
po/t j<xl and jro^aU, a lie, fable,

or romance.
pofii;al<x;m and JTO^U; j;t;m, to tell,

relate ; nfyt po/i^u;l 30, that told

or invented no lies.
240

po

the fore part of the

head.
pofira^, a river in the County of

Clare, which glides through

Clonrod, Ennis, and Clare.
po;tjl<xc<x;m, to prevent.
po/rz;la, for the most part; plr-

rumque.

<x, election, choice.
-O/i ju;n, a wound.
70/150, i. e. yeb, jewels, or pre-

cious things.
po/tjge, sincere, true.
pOfi;o/iT, a rudiment, or trial of

skill.
p5;il<xn, force, power; hence <xn-

j:6;il<xn is oppression, tyranny ;

f o^tlan is also superfluity, excess

of any thing.

-0/ilu.;m, leaping or bouncing.
, an increase, a swelling.
, i. e. tout, envy, a mortal

sn.

po/inoal<xc, a hireling.
po/ttDdm<x;l, of good form or fi-
^ gure.

potman, a type or mould.
po^mrxx, much, a great deal.
po/ine<x/it, violence ; vid. p5;/t*

, a command, an offer.
, hardness.
, a rudiment.
ro/t-6/iba, renowned, famous.
76;t-6/ibuj<xb, predestination.
PO/I/KXC, an angling rod; also a
perch.

po/i;ia;b, near to, hard by; also

towards.
po/i;te;l;m, to shine forth ; also to

manifest, or discover.

po/i^ioje<xn<x, served, did service,
or good.

, fringes.

, SCllt.

, to shine.
, divination.

up

po

, fore-knowing.
, or jr;;ttean, tied, or bound

-, a strau-.
, a seat.

po/itan, plenty ; p5/ttan
abundance of cattle ;
T/tO;be, a stud or breed of
horses.

pontjt, strong, hardy, patient ;
fo/tt;l la fO^oi, strong for la-
bour ; also courageous, brave ;
ba f o»tt;l an ua;/t eaja, he had
fortitude at the hour of death ;
laoc j:d};ic;l, a courageous cham-
pion ; L,a.t.forf>s:; vid. jro;pt;l.

popt/ta; j, a rising ; jro/tt:nC\;b
ma;bne, the dawning or rising of
the day.

po/tuab, a bastard red, reddish.

pOrtU;-, knowledge ; fonuf jrea^a
a-: C;/tj/?n, Notitia Hibernup. —
K.

po^, yet, still, also; acb pof, but
yet, but moreover.

pOf and j:0;-ab, a delaying, stay-
ins: or resting, fixing or pitching,
also a prop or buttress, a wall or
ditch ; Lat. fossa ; pO/--t; j, the
wall of a house ; Wei./*?.?/ Yience
the word po^-long-po/it, an en-
campment, a camp; from pOf,
pitching, and lonj-po/ttr, a tent ;
which is again compounded of
to.ij, any covering or tent made
of timber or other matter; and
pout, the area or surface of
ground upon which the house or
tent is drawn ; l;<x nwca jaba/-
fOf, cum par 'cor urn gregejugi-
ter permansit (Patriciiis puer.)
o;-ab, an atonement.

vb, a stopping or resting ;

;"ab, without delay ; p
com-b^a;c, a cessation of arms,
or fihtin.

po/-o.b and

, to stav or rest,
241

po

to pitch, or lodge, bo corujz y-e,
he rested.

pe;-cla;m, commonly said and
written o^jla;m, to open, to un-
lock ; po;^ceottu/t Bu/i rujle,
your eyes shall be opened.

pO;-cu;tt:e or jro^jajlce, opened,
open; 50 pycujltre, publicly,
openly.

po/^ab, a shadow, or shelter from
heat or cold ; vid.
Wei. kysgod.

po;-to/7£, a mansion, or dwelling-
house.

po^-lonjcoitr, an encampment, a
camp ; vid. j&f, sujira ; bo ;t;n-
neaba;t fOflong-popt, they en-
camped ; aj be an am jro^-lonj
poric. encamping; ag tne;jean
<x bco^tonjpo/ttr, raising the
siege, or decamping.

por/ta, i. e. rtr/teatniijab, re^
leasing, dissolution.

;, heavenly, superior ; pon
.tujl fOfi\oia.jc, son us,
seu concent us siiperiorum ci-

, to hire; also to stop; bo
fe <xn taoc, he stopped
the champion. In contracts it
is applied in engaging a house,
a room, or the like, and has the
same meaning with the French
word arreter.

poc, a giant.

per, raging, storming, violent.

po,ntra;tt:/id;beac, a glutton.

-cca, a foundation.

-Ota, taken away, or out of.

2"otac, a cough.

-Otac, a lake or pond.

?6cannar), a thistle ; Lat. car-
duns.

pocannan-beanbujce, blessed this-
tle ; Lat. carduus benedictim.

potcajc/ieaca, suburbs.

potta;-iteac, a novice or appren-
tice.

2 H

pr?

, cleansing.

, ^ a bath; <xm/ia b; an
ab Centra ;mpe ba bea/t-
b> prceclarum ipse quod bal-
neum benedicendo vertit in cer-

vsam.

, a bath; pi.

toba.j/i, idem, i. e. a well of puri-
fication or cleansing.
trji<x£a;m, to bathe.
-Ot/iom, a great noise or rustling.
^otu jab, a beginning.
ou/i, or j:oja;<i, diphthongs or
triphthongs ; ri] /io;ntea/t <xn
fojafi n<x cotu;b, the diph or
triphthongs are not divided into
different syllables or sounds.
/-KXJ, a woman, or wife ; Ar. grak,
and Wei. guraig, Ger.frau, or
frai.

/KXJ, a hand.

/KXJ, a shield or buckler, because
worn on the hand to defend the
body.

!?/ia;bfiea j<xb, a floating.
, a bush of hair.
, the sea.
r/i<x;nc, France.

?/wmc<xc, a Frenchman, French ;
boljcxc jr;t<xnc<xc, the French
pox,
p;t<xnflCdc, or luc pt<xnnc<xc, a

rat.
P/KXOC, heath, ling, ; Hisp. breco,

and Lat. erica.

p^aoc, hunger ; ptaoc jrjacat,
fretting or hungry teeth; also
rage, anger, fury.
p/taoc<vjbe, fretful, furious; jr;ta-

ocba, idem.
p/t<xoc6j, wortleberry.
p^i(XO-ce<x/ic, a heath-poult, or
grousehen; pi. ce<Xftc<x j:fiao;c.
, a shower.
, ready, active.
, fruitful, showery.

and j:;te<xc<x/i, use, prac-
tice^ frequency; le jr^eciccv;^ na
242

Sac/iamejnte, by frequenting
the Sacraments.
p;teaca/i, witness, testimony.
p/ieac<Xft<U7, a wrestling- school, or

any place of exercise.
p/ieo.cnuj<xb, exercise; jr/teac/tu-

j<xb, idem.

p/te<xc^a;j;m, to exercise or ac-
custom, to discharge an office or
duty.

ieacrKXjftc, the present time.
, a pillaging or plundering,
or jr^ieaj/iab, an an-
swer.
p;ie;j;<x/t<vjm, to answer, to make

answer.

p/teja/tccxc, answerable, account-
able.

p^eaT<x/ito;^(, a respondent or de-
fendant.

, to work or labour.
, conversation.
, labour.

, to converse,
and j:^eo.5/-i<x;m, to an-
swer or reply ; bo pieaja;^ y-e,
he answered.
p^e<xm and pteairxxc, a root; also

a stock, or lineage.
p/te<xm<vb and pie<xmu;m, to _take

root, to root; vid. p;ie<vmab.
p/ieanc, to make crooked, to

bend.
?/ieanc<xc, winding or turning.

, medicine.
!?/ie<xpcxb, a running, bouncing, or
skipping away : otherwise writ-
ten fieaboib.
, upwards.

, opposition, reluctance ;
WJ San F fiea^<xb/ia,a king with-
out opposition ; ^; j jo bpi<X-
y-<xb/i<x, rex cum reluctantia, aut
cemulorum principum renitentia
—Vid. O'Flaherty's Ogyg. pag.
486.

p/iea^*bat, serving, waiting, at-
tending ; bean p^ea^bajl, a

to

waiting-woman, a nurse-tender,
or charing-woman ; jrrte<tytal,
idem.
pfte<x;-b<xla;m, to wait, to attend,

or serve.
p;te<ty"5U.5a;l, ascension into hea-

ven.
p/iea^-gam and

climb, to ascend.
?^eco;meub, to reserve.
r/iem<xc, fundamental.
ie;-c;, a reflection, or suppo-
sition.

, brittle, withered.
, anger, resentment.
, a foundation.
, to found or establish.
!?;*;, or p/t;a, in old Irish manu-
scripts is the same as our mo-
dern <x;/t or ;ie ; f^-Jf, the same
as lejf, or pjf ; f /\/om, as Ijom,
or jrjom ; f jtjot, as teat, or
/teat ; f /iju, as leo, or /vju ;
, as Ijnn, &c.
., freed.

, care, diligence, circum-
spection.

pfi;ocoam<xc, diligent, careful, cir-
cumspect ; TO trruocnaiTKXc, care-
fully.

, to fry or parch.
and pvjocta;!, a frying-
pan ; pijo^-d; jean, idem.
pfijo^-Tjtd.jm, to answer.
pftjot<xl, a word, interpretation ;
jreout jr;-i;ocajl, an interpreter ;
;oc:<xl, politeness.
, a refusal or denial.

,, recantation.
p/t;otr-co;be<x^, antipathy.
, a covenant.
m, sendee, attendance.
, to contradict.
e<Xft, that shall be
served.

p/i;^-c<x/it, an answer.
p/t;jrqm, to hope.

243

J expectation.
:, to betray or deceive,
to kill or murder ; ex. ne<xc

cv bu_jb je<xnn ; i. e.
whoever shall betray his Lord,
let his habitations be not nume-
rous, let his enemies deprive him
of his head, and of his horse,
and of his sword.
!T^i;^ne;b, he told or said.
, attendance,
ab, they stood up, or
arose.

p/tjt, bo ]Tfi;c /*e, he was found, or
he behaved or acted; bo pt;c
50 ma;c l;om e, he behaved well
to me.

p/t;c, a wild mountainous place;
pt<xo;c, heath, has an affinity
with this word; hence ptjtne,
quod vide.
£, profit, gain, advantage.

n, to object, or con-
tradict.

pfi;tbua;lteac, is often used in
old parchments which treat of
medicine ; as lej j;o^ jr;rjtbu<x;l-
te<xc, medecina repercussiva, a
healing, or preserving remedy.
pft;ccebj:<x;b, a witnessing, a tes-
timony.

p/t;teo;lte, lucb jr/t;teo;lt:e, ser-
vants, waiting men or women,
attendants; rectius pi;teo;lt;e.
p^i;t; jjb, attending, serving, wait-
ing.

, earnest, eager, fervent.

an uninhabited wood or
mountain ; ex. -a bjr/tjcne oa
ccona;^e, in the mountainous or
by-roads.

, a frying-pan.
, a return of love, a mu-
tual regard.

, a returning back.

pu

-|toja;m, wrong, or injury.
., a whirl.

and p-(OtT>a;m, to try, to
taste, to examine, to inquire,
pjtomab, a trial.

p/tomta, tried, experienced ; bu;ne
jr/tomta, an experienced man.
, darkj obscure.

, a whirl.
?u, under, into, &c. ; like jro, jra,

jre, ^Mf® z^W.
puac, a word.

puaca;b, a jilt, a tricking, in-
triguing harlot,
puaca^, a cry, an outcry ; jruaca;-,

idem.

puaca^ac, a den, a cave, a hole ;
a to. puaca/-a;je ag na ^;on-
nacajb, the foxes have holes,
puacb, cold, chilness.
puacba, an engraver,
puacban, a sore on the heel occa-
sioned by extraordinary cold, a
kibe.

puab, a bier ; Lat. feretrum.
puabac, a running away with, a
rape ; jruabac mna, the running
away with a woman ; lucb pua-
^ j, a press-gang.
pu<xb<xcb, robbery, depredation.
pu<xbd.;no, to snatch away, to sweep
off, to run away with ; bo pua-
ba;j an <xman ;ab, the river
swept them away; jru&bu;j;m,
idem.

Tu<xb and puctt, hatred, aversion.
!?uab, i. e. c;toc<x/t, a bier.
!Tuabma/i, odious, hateful.
!?ud.bmd.;rte<xct;, abomination, de-
testation.

, haste ; also a preparation
to do a thing.
ITuo.ba/t<xc, active, diligent.

to cross or hinder.
?u<xbu; jeaj, ravenous.
<xbu;jte, taken away, snatched
away.

244

pucx£ci;t, sewing or stitching.

pua jala, a ring.

pua jajm, to sew or stitch ; pla-
jalam, idem; bo pia; jeaba/i
bujtteoba pjje bcx ce^le, they
sewed fig-leaves together.

, proclaimed, published.
, a proclamation.

, to admonish, or pro^
claim.

puajb, a remnant.

Pua;blean, anger, or fury.

Puajb/i;mj to stagger or reel.

pucxjljreab, to leap or skip.

puajljreaban, the ureter.

pua;m, a sound, a rebounding
noise.

pucxjmeamajt, resounding, re-
boundin.

, the herb fumatory;
. fumaria.

pua;;t-c/ieata;m, to shiver with
cold.

pua;;te, cold.

pua;/-i- j/ieabab, a warming blast.

pua;/i;m, to find, to discover.

puat, urine, also water.

pualactab, to boil; bo jn;b Ja-
cob ama;l f)n, agu^ pualacta
an m;ondn aju^ tu£ ba a;t;/t e,
Jacob did so, and the kid being
boiled, he gave it to his father.
L.B.

pualan, a chamber-pot.

Tuala^", a tribe or family.

!?u ala^cajbe, osiers, small twigs.
ual-b/toprac, a diuretic, a medi-
cine to provoke urine.

pual;o^g, the strangury.

pual-lo^-jab, difficulty of urine.

[-uaman, a shade or shadow.

puaman, whiteness.

puanoan, a rebound.

_uamna;m, to sound, to rebound.
, under me.

!?uan, cloth, veil, &c.

, to cover, to clothe.

pu

pua/t, cold, chilly.

pudrtdb, a cooling, or making

cold,
pudntxb and p}<x/ta;m, to make

cold, to cool ; bpudft d.n <xnb^uc,

the broth is cold, to make cold,

to cool,
pud/tdjdm, to nourish, cherish,

,&c-

pud;taldc, cold, chilly ; jrudndntrd,
idem.

pud/tan, a spring or fountain ; also
any water wherein cattle stand
to cool themselves.

pudnd/-bd;/t, judicious; <x mb/te;t
ujbd;/t fud'tdf-bd;/t, in the opi-
nion of a judicious author.

pud/tBdldb, an ungrateful scent, a
stench.

pud/t-c/ta5db, hypocrisy, or in-
devotion.

pud;t-c^d;btedc, a hypocrite : it
rather means tepid in acts of re-
ligion and devotion.

?udnbdcb, coldness.

, a controversy.
, fright, affrighting, or
terror.

pucyc/td;m, to put to flight.

pud;-jldb, a ransom ; also re-
demption ; f udfjdlt:, idem.
d/-£ldb and p u<x^to.;n), to re-
deem, to set at liberty,
udfjlu; jteo;;t, or fua^alto
the Redeemer or Saviour ;
jrudf-gdlto;;t <xn Cb;ne b
Jesus, the Redeemer of man-
kind.

.b, to astonish; bo jrua^-
JU^ bo bjmeajldb <xn luce
co;meab<x B; t»;t <xn <xbn<xc<xl,
i. e. the guards of Christ's se-
pulchre were astonished and ter-
rified.— L. B.

, tumultuous.

hatred, aversion, abhor-
rence.

pu<xc, an image, a spectre, or ap-
245

M

parition.

udtdb and pudtd;m, to hate, ab-
hor, or dislike.

udCdb, a detestation, or abhor-
ring.

, a den, or cave.

an armour or coat of
mail.

, or pubdl, a general's tent,
or pavilion; Lat. pap'dio et prce-
torium.

, a hurt, or scar,
pubtdb, threats or menaces,
pub, amongst; dft jrub nd ludtd.,

among the ashes,
pug, j\0f jrur ba^, i. e. bo pJd;/t

bd^, that died,
pu 505, a thnim, a loose thread, or

end in weaving cloth.
pu;bjje, an argumentator, or dis-
putant; b; db pu;b;je, nd t/te^j
t^o;b, be a disputant, argue on.
pujcedct, lust, leachery.
pu;bb, a knob or bunch.

2, with joy or thanks.
-u;b;/t, gain, profit.
, a word.
, a veil.
, a hireling.
?u;bfie, attendants, servants, &c. i

plur. of j:u;b;^.
pujb/tedc, naked, or exposed.
PU; jedl, ru; jjol and jrujjledc, a.

relic, also a remnant,
pu; jeu.ll, or p u jail, judgment,
-u; jedll, a word.

, to get or obtain.
, to leave, or forsake, to
abandon ; bp/J g a c;^t, he for-»
sook his country,
pu; jle, words or expressions, lan^

guage.
pu;jl;m, to say or speak; to tell,

relate.

pu;l, blood, gore. >*
pu;leac, bloody,
pujleab, increase, profit, gain.

M

pu;l;at, bloody.
pu;l;be, blood-red.
pu;l;m, to be; ca;t a. bjru;l tru,
where artthou? vid. jr;t;m.
, enduring, patient.
armed with a shield

or spear.

pu;lleab, a reward.

pu;lt;e<xc, bloody, cruel.

pu;lte<xcb, blood-shed.

P";/i, the end or termination of
anything; pujne l&o;, the end
of the day or evening; also a
bound or limit; Lat.^Vzw.

pu;ne<nb and jrujnjm, to knead
bread ; hence perhaps b<X;iuj jjon,
i. e. b<x/i<i-j:ujne, a cake of bread,
vid. b<vjfijj;n ; also to dress
meat ; m<xibtai le<xt:

bo Ifaac, here it means
dressed and prepared.
_ ujneab, a boiling.
, an idiot.

a window ; t/i;b <xn
pujnneojj, through the window ;
pi. jru;nneog<x.

pu;nn;meb, foundation. — Matt. 7.
P

pujnfe&nn. an ash-
tree ; alias o;nyeoj and o;n-

co; lie, the herb called
virga pastoris.

pojntre, kneaded.

pu;nteo;/t, a kneader, a baker.

pujnteo/KXcb, the trade of knead-
ing, or baking.

pujfteac, delay ; <Lg j:u;/ie<xc, stay-
ing, waiting, or expecting.

pu;jte<xc<vjft, deliberate ; 50 fuj-
7te<xc<vjft, deliberately, also vio-
lent ; 50 jr/ioiocu; je jruj/teacdj/t,
fretful and violent.

ib, a preparation ; also a
feast.

I, a chamber : rather

246

pu;/t;bt:e, ready, prepared; also
sensible, ancient, old.

pu;/t;or», furniture ; also the crew
of a ship; also any assembled
body or association of people ;
genit. £u;/i;nne ; jrojfuie, pi.

pu;/tmed.b, a travelling, or going.

pu;/imeab, humiliation, lessening.

pu;;tme<xb, a seat.

pu;;ime<xl, tired, fatigued.

puj/imjb, hard.

pujpnejf, a furnace ; Lat. furnus,
a stove.

pu;^-, active, thrifty.

pu;te, a sound, or reiterating
noise.

?u;te, under her or it.

_ u;t, a rag of cloth.
OClrt> good land ; from p), good,
and t;/i, land.

is a verb impersonal; it
has the negative nj or nac before
it, and then signifies must; as
nj jrut<x;|i b<xm, I must; ye nac
cula;/i bo j<x;/tine<xb, he must
be called : when fiob, bob for 710
bd, or bo ba, &c., which are
affirmatives, go before, it has a
contrary meaning ; as, &f jrul&j/t
bu;c, you are free, or at liberty ;
so that when a negative conies
before this verb, it implies a ne-
cessity or obligation to do a
thing; but an affirmative dis-
penses with the obligation, and
sets at liberty, like the Latin
verbs caveo, timeo.

pul<xng, patience, forbearance; pa-
tang pxbcx, or pxb-rulanj ; Gr.
fiaicpoSvfjiia, longanimity ; also a
foundation, a prop, or buttress ;
jrulang t; j, a prop or shore-
post put under the weak parts of
the wall or timber of a house to
prevent its falling; also a stud
or boss; le pul<xng<x;b <x;/tj;b,
with studs of silver. — Cant. 1.
11.

pu

pulan£<x;ro, to endure, to hear
with ; also to prop or support.

pulla, a lie, falsehood, or untruth ;
£<xn jrulla, truly, sincerely, cer-
tainly.

pulla, a leaping or skipping.

pullon, an ornament.

pullanjujbe, a sufferer ; _lucb
f ullanjujbe, sufferers, patients.

pul/tab and pulque, corruption,
corrupt blood, or gore; jroll-
Ttactr, idem.

pum, under me ; i. e. pa me ; jru,
p3, or jra, idem.

pun, land or ground, earth.

puftciccy, expectation.

pu;ta;l and jruftajleam, an offering,
a command ; also incitement,
instigation.

pu

pu/tajn, plenty, abundance.

punalajm, to offer, to incite, pro-
voke, 6cc.

punmuj/t, a prompting or excitinsz.

Cunnajbe, a dwelling, resting, stay-
ins:.

c, civil, obliging,
i, ease at the crisis of a dis-
order ; also comfort, relief.

pufita; j;m, to help or relieve ;
bjrunta; j o-tnujnn jon a^ ne&f-
bajbjb, he relieved us in our
wants.

pupitajjceojft, a helper or com-
forter.

puftca;n, satiety, sufficiency.

puca, under them ; i. e. pu jab ;
•, underneath all.

REMARKS ON THE LETTER 3.

3 is the seventh letter of the Irish alphabet, and is ranked by onr
grammarians in the number of heavy consonants, called by the Irish
Con;-o;neaba Cftoma, but when it is aspirated, or marked with an fr
subjoined to it, it is counted one of the light consonants, called Con-
7-o;ne<xb<x Co-b^oma. In this aspirated state, 5 being the initial letter of
a word, is pronounced like y in the English words, York, young, &c., or
like the Spanish (j} consonant in the words Jesus, Joseph ; but g, aspi-
rated by a subjoined b in the middle or end of a word, is rendered quite
quiescent or suppressed in the pronunciation. Thus the words t:; je<Xftn<x,
a lord, and ^; j, a king, are pronounced cjed^na and j\J ; but 5 in its
unaspirated and natural state has always the same strong power with the
Greek j. The very figure of the letter 5 in some of our old parchments
is not essentially dissimilar to some of the cuts of the old Abrahamic and
Phoenician J in the first alphabet or middle column of Dr. Bernard's
table of old alphabets published by Dr. Morton. The Hebrews call
this letter 3, as we are assured by grammarians, from its crooked figure
bearing some resemblance to a camel, which in Hebrew is called ^Dj,
and, to observe it, by the by, gamal, as well as camul, is the Irish for a
camel. In the Cadmean and Ionic alphabet, to be seen in the eighth
column of Dr. Bernard's Table, this letter (g) is called gamla, which is
but a variated writing of the Hebrew J, or the Syrian .N. "as the y of the
247

REMARKS ON THE LETTER %.

less ancient Greeks is likewise but a different utterance of the Ionic word
gamla.

Tt hath been observed in the remarks on the letter C, that it is natu-
rally commutable with £, both letters being of the same organ, and very
nearly of the same power, and hence, in our old parchments they are
written indifferently for each other ; of which practice some examples
have been cited. I cannot, however, but be of opinion, that this indiffe-
rence should be limited, and that the general and unlimited use of it
should naturally be deemed abusive ; for the most ancient alphabets of
the Hebrews, Phoenicians, Syrians, and Greeks have the J and D, or the
y and K, as two distinct letters of different powers or functions, and con-
sequently those letters are to be regarded as two different radicals of
words, in the original elementary formation of all dictions. The same
indifference, or interchangeable use of the letters g and c in the Latin
tongue, and the latter being generally substituted in the place of the
former, appears from ancient Roman inscriptions, and most particularly
from that of the Columna Rostrata, erected in honour of Dulius the
Consul, whereupon were engraved the words Macistraios, Leclones,
pucnando, Carthacinenses copias, instead of Magistrates, Legiones,pug-
nando, Carthaginenseft. From the manner of this inscription some
writers have concluded that the letter g was not in the Roman alphabet,
nor used in the Latin tongue till after the first Punic War; and Plu-
tarch informs us that it was brought in by Sp. Carvilius, wherefore Dio-
medes calls it Nova Consona. But there is this other foundation for
judging that the Latins had the y, or g, from the beginning, as a quite
different letter from the K : viz. that inasmuch as they received their
alphabet from the Greeks, who had theirs from the Phoenicians ; and as
the Phoenician alphabet had always the J, or g, different from the D, or
c ; both which different letters were also from the beginning in the old
Ionic alphabet, as appears by Dr. Bernard's 8th alphabet, column 9th ^
of his table t it follows that the Latins had also from the beginning both
these letters with different powers or functions. Nor do I believe it will
ever appear that the old Romans wrote cenus, ceneratio, caudlirm, for
genus, generatio, gaudium, and other such words, which I cannot but
think were always written with a y, or g, different from c. The primi-
tive Latin alphabet, as well as the old Ionic, contained the letter k or K,
which served for a c as well as for a k, in the same manner as the Ionic
y served for a g and a c. But as the letter k was not agreeable to the
genius of the Latin tongue, to serve instead of which the Latins changed
the y into a c, and then made a separate letter of the y, or g, which they
removed into the seventh place, with a figure or shape not much different
from their c, which remained in the place of the primitive -y. 1'h is
change of place was doubtless what gave occasion to Diomcdes to call
the g a new consonant. The bare inspection of the old Latin alphabet
derived from the Ionic, as it was used by the Romans about 714 years
before Christ, to be seen in Dr. Morton's edition, column 17, will be
sufficient to justify what hath been now advanced. In the meantime we
should not have forgot to observe, that the name of the letter £ in Irish,
is go/it, which signifies the ivy-tree, vulgarly called ejbneao, Lat.
248

. Our grammarians commonly use cc, or double c, instead ot'j,
especially when the radical word begins with c, as, <x cco^a, their feet,
tx ccjnn," their heads ; which are pronounced <x gcya, <x j;nn : but the
most correct manner of writing them and the like words is, <x j'co/-<x, <x
'/?, &c.

is sometimes put for <xj; as,
50. ^mu<x;ne<xb, thinking, medi-
tating ; go. ;-iab, saying, &c.

, the same as ca ; as, ga 7)<x/~,
whence ? ja pab, how long, how
far ?

, or gcxc, a spear or javelin.

ba;^be, colewort, cauliflower, or
cabbage.

, or ;z;obtx, a smith; njit p/i;t
5<xba, there was no smith found;
plur. gabdnn, jajbne, 7<x;bn;b ;
hence jabajneact, smithery.

, want, danger, need, occasion;
<x njabajb <x;mne, in danger of
rivers.

to take, to make prisoner,
to bind in fetters; hence gabdnn,
a prison, is like the word btt,
which in the Hebrew, Syrian,
Chaldean, and Arabic languages
signifies liga vit, constrinxit, com-
pedicit. — Vid. Henricus Opi-
tius's Lexicon Hebraeo-Chaldaeo
Biblicum. (Do jvxbab <xn taoc
le b;obb<i;b, the hero was made
prisoner by the enemies ; cum <v
in order to take him ;

!, spoil or booty ; plur.
bal<x, also a conquest; leaba/t
n<x g<xK\la, the book of con-
quests; pea/i 5<xbcvta, a con-
queror.

3<ib<vjl-cjne, the ancient law of
Gavelkind, formerly used in Ire-
land, by which the lands of the.
chief house of a family were di-
vided and subdivided among its
branches or descendants ; hence
249

the Gavelkind of the English,
an universal custom amongst the
Anglo-Saxons, as well as among
the Britons and Irish.

the fork, or groin ; gdbol
pj/t, or mna, a man or woman's
fork, as well as groin ; hence
rablujcib jejnealrajj, the
branches of a family. Note, that
glun and glupe, the knee, is
also used in Irish to express a
generation, descent, or degree
of consanguinity, as gabal, the
fork, is used to express the col-
lateral branches ; and this is
agreeable to the style of the pri-
mitive Hebrews, who expressed
their descents or generations from
those inferior parts of man, as in
Gen. cap. 49. 10. Dux de fe-
more'ej'its,

baltu^-, any land-property or
possession obtained by conquest
or otherwise. It is now used to
signify a farm or piece of land
rented from a landlord to his
tenant.

to take or receive, also to
beat, also to pass, or go by;
j<xbci;b <x;/tm, take ye up arms ;
jabajb le;^, receive ye him ; bo
gababa/t bo cloc<x;b <x;/x, they
beat him with stones, or they
stoned him ; an pea^ann <X;t
jabama;/t c/ijb, the land we
passed through ; bo jababa/t
c/t<xnn, they landed ; gabam o.b-
;ta;n, let us sing songs; bo ^a-
bab<x/t /"e;lb, they took posses-
sion.

2i

a gaol or prison : it is
now more commonly used to sig-
nify a pound to confine cattle on
account of trespass.

A/1» or c<xb<x/i, a goat ; £ <xbo.fi-
c;io, or 5<xba/t-lcxnn, a goat-fold,
also a stable; ^abcx/i ulccx, a
goat's beard; plur. j<xb/«x and
xjb ; Lat. caper et capri.
c, skipping, bouncing ; Gr.

hilaris.

a spear or lance,
and 3<xbl&n<xc, forked, di-
vided.

3<xbla;m, to spring or shoot out;
go ngtxblocujb <x/ij^, that it will
sprout out again.
3<xblc\n, a branch, the fork of a

tree or branch.

3<xbl5r, any forked piece of timber
used to support a house ; also a
forked instrument used in making
ha.

propagation, also ge-
nealogy ; gtxblu j<xb clojnne £;-
bj/x pnn, the genealogical branch-
ing forth of the posterity of He-
ber-fionn.

Goren, in the County of
Kilkenny, anciently possessed
by the O'Shillilanes and the
O'Guidhthiries.

taken ; grtbtd n<x pjijo^u-
rxxc, taken prisoner.

or g<xrou;n, a calf; hence
<!ic and gabntxc, a stripper,
. e. a cow that has a grown calf
or heifer ; as the word Icxojl; j-
e<xc, or tojlgeac, is a milch cow,
or a cow that lately calved ;
from Uo j, a young calf, and Ij-
£e<xc, a heifer, because the cow's
first care is to lick her calf.
, a cable.

each, every; £<xc nbu;nc,
each man; £<xc n&on, every one;

ujle, all in general,
si withe, or twisted twi:r, or
Ober.

250

3<xb and j<xb(Xb,a stealing or taking
away.

b and Tdbajm, to take away,
to carry off by stealth, to steal.

or jabsra, stolen, taken
away ; gabajbte, zY/ewz.

, a thief.

, a voice, a noise.
, or jdt, an arrow, a dart ; bo
cu/t jdb jeafi tji; n<x C|io;be, he
pierced his heart with a sharp
dart; also a ray or beam; as,
5<xb-5;-ie;ne, a sun-beam.
b, a skirmish, fighting,
ab, peril, want ; vid. gaba.
xb<X)iD, or 3ujb;m, to pray, to en-
treat.

xb<x;i, or £<x; je<x/i, a dog, a mas-
tiff.

, a thief.

and jojb;m, to steal,
or £<xpa, a hook, or any
curved instrument; is like the
Hebrew D, which means a crook-
edness or curvature. — Vid. Opi-
tius's Le.ric. Hence the name
of the letter p.
, henbane.
, a cleft or chink.
c, leaky, full of chinks.
, a cleft.

and jaj<xjm, to split,
tx}, or 50.0;, a lie, or untruth ; jo,

idem.

3<xjbne, the plur. of r<xba, a smith.
3<x;bne<xcb, the smith's trade.
3a;bt:e<xc, a person in want ; also
one that is constantly craving for
relief; also complainant^queri-
monious ; ex. bujne gajbteac, a
querulous man.

, a little study or closet.
» a Prou(l coxcomb.
, stammering or stuttering.
and g<xl, smoke, vapour,
fumes.

3<Xjle, or ju;le, the stomach ; ana-
logous to the French s;ueiilc.
throat; hence the Latin

35*

means gluttony.

and ja;l;m, to evaporate.
, a parasite.

cb, flatter}-, soothing.
3<x;ll, or <xbj<x;tl, he spoke to ;

vid. ajalla.

3<x;llcea/tc, a duck or drake.
c, the gum.

a strange or forein
bird.

3<xjU;u.n, a dart, or arrow.
3<x;lt;an, the name of a tribe of
the Fir-bolgs, or Belgians, a
colony that came to Ireland be-
fore the Scots. From this tribe
of Belgians, Co;ge "g&jlljan, the
Irish name of the province of
Leinster, is supposed to be de-
rived.

3<x;lt;n), to hurt.

3<*;U;m, Galway, the chief city of
the province of Connaught.

, an earwg, a very nm-
ble insect, dangerous to come
near persons' ears.
3<xjme<xn, a skin or hide.
3<x;mjjn, a skillet.
3<vjn, gajnneac, and 5<vjn;m, sand.
3<x;n, clapping of hands, applause.
3<x?nce<xp, a pillory, a pair of
stocks.

, hunger, scarcity.
, a shaft ; also sand.

, a sandy-stone.
K, an archer.
;nj, jet, or agate-stone.

, sandy ; le ctoc<x;b J<v;n-
, with gravel stones.
, poorer ; the comparat. of
3<inn, poor, needy.
3«v;nne, a reed or cane, an arrow;
com b;ne<xc te gdjnne, straight
as an arrow.
3a.;nne, scarcity ; from g<xnn,

scarce.
3&;nneac, a place where reeds or

canes grow.

3<U/t, an outcry, a rejoicing, also
laughter ; bo /t;n jctjrte, lie

laughed; gdj;t goto., a lamenta-
ble weeping, or outcry.

e and gaj/tbedct, roughii;. .
harshness, tartness.

, a coarse garment.
, big-lipped.

, rough weather, a tem-
pest, or violent storm : Vv el.
goru-hin.

, pleasure, joyfulness ;

<in, a guardian.

r 5^/lbu5^J a re-

joicing, or congratulating.
.;fib;rn and 3d;;\b;j;m,to rejoice,
or be glad.

, a garden ; jd/t/tbO, /a'ew.
, laughter.

, reparation, or amendment :
also good luck or auspices; ex.
7"en 5<x;^e jen<x;ft, ftelicibus
auspiciis natus est. — In \ it. S.
Patric.

^, a bawling or calling.

, a vault.

f ece, gdasimis, a dimple, or
dent on the cheek.
*;/i£, a diver, or a cormorant;
and 50.;»tjije<\nn, idem.
, a niece.
dun& ordure.

a djver-
jr,e, a pilgrim's habit ;

, short, lately ; comparat.
, sooner.
, garlic.

, to extoll, to rejoice, to
laugh; Gr. xct/ow, gaudeo ; bo
jd;;te<xbcirt <\/i pobut, the people
rejoiced.

, to call, to bawl, or shout ;
<x;/t, I call upon him ;
, let them shout ; also
to invite ; ja^tjm-^co^le, a con-
vocation; 3<x;tt;m-j;olla, a cri-
er.
,rt;iY), a title, a calling, or quali-

, to call, to qualify, to
dub.

a niece.

o, a short form, or com-
pendium.

foc, a raven or vulture.

, rocky, full of rocks
or cliffs.

V)t, wanton.

lewdness, de-
bauchery.

' a short life ; from
gea/1/i, short, and fejcle, f<\o-
, life; Lat. sceculum, Gall.

, a narrow path.
• 3<x;jtte;l, a garter.

torrent, or stream ; plur.
) rectius c and
plur.

, a gin or trap to ensnare
rats, deer, or any beast ; gdj^te,
the same.

, painting.

, bravery, feats of arms ;
lucb <vj;e, brave men.

t, valiant, warlike,
brave.

;^jeaml<xcb, the doing valiant
actions.

^;^5;beac, a champion; rectius
%<\f 7"c;at:ac, from ga^, a war-
rior, and ^-cjdt, a shield; #/V/.
and TA^KX, infra.
, to now ; Angl.-Sax. gush.
3a;;-re and gaj^teag, a snare,
gin, or trap, a wile ; <x nga;r-t:)b
v\n (!);ab<xjl, m insidiis Diaooli;
vid. a^-t.

, to trepan, or deceive.
, a crafty fellow ; also in-
genious, thrifty; Cdtytjn, Mfem,"
ca;/-cjnctoc, a little bird of the
same size with a wren.

, a brief, an abridgment.
a»d J<x;l, smoke, vapour, ex-
halation; Lat. caligo.
1, a puffj or gale, a steam, also
heat; Lat. caleo, to be hot ; gat
252

ce, a gale of wind.

l, a blast, or flame ; go.1 /"Ujp, a

blast or flame of straw.

lj warfare, a battle, &c. ; 3<*toi

<xo)njr;/i. a duel ; also courage,

valour.

3<xl and gaol, kindred, relations.
3^l<xb<x^, a parasite.
3<*l<xc, valour, courage, fortitude ;

also valiant, brave ; buac galac,

bu<xcu/", the brave or valiant;

3<xlann, an enemy ; Wei. gelyn.
3<nta/i, a disease, or distemper ; pi.

Ifll/tA.
3<xl<x;~t<xjj'i, or <j.b jala^tajfi, they

spoke to ; from xxg5<iU(Xb.
3<xlb<x, rigour, hardness; Latin,
chalybs, steel.

), to be hot or warm.
c, the French pox.
, stout, valiant, a cham-
pion.

i, a helmet, or military cap, a
hat ; Lat. galea.

I, according to the modern ac-
ceptation of the word, signifies
an Englishman ; as, ^e<xn-ja;ll,
the old English, or Strongbo-
nians. The Danes or any other
foreigners are in Irish writings
called 3^1 > but the true mean-
ing of the word is 3^7? *ne
Gauls, those from ancient Gaul,
now called France. — Vid. Re-
marks on the letter it.
3<xll, a rock, or stone ; plur. 3<x;l-
le<xcu;b.

[, a cock ; Lat. gallus ; also a
swan.

.urnpa, a trumpet, or cla-
rion.

t, brightness, beauty.

-<X, a district in Meath, an-
ciently belonging to a tribe <>l
the 6'f)<xonju^a;b, or Hen-
nessys ; it was called "^ajlijirgc-
bej, to distinguish it from 3a^-
novv the baron v of

Galen, in the County of Mayo.
anciently the estate of the O'Ha-
ras, descended from Co/tmac
3<xl;njac, great grandson of
Ol;ol-otum, king of Munster and
Lear GOoj in the beginning of
the third century.
3<xtluc, a rat.
3<xtlunac, soap.

$ alba, hardness,
livination.

i, or Tallta6,aGaul. — fid.
Lhuyd ArchtxoL tit. 1. pag. 23.
col. 3.

3<*nia;r)eac, go jamajneac, scarce-
ly, hardly.

3<xm<vjn; je, scarcity.
3amal, a fool or stupid person ; is
the same in letters and sound
with the Hebrew ^DJ, which
means a camel, the most stupid
of all beasts. — fid. Isa. 21. 7.

I, or camul, a camel.
.m, winter ; Corn. guac.
3<iiT)<xnn. a ditch.
3<>'TKXr)p<X, the place called )j\p.uf,

in the County of Mayo.
3amn<xc, rid. g<xbu;n, a stripper,

or unbulled cow.

3amu;n, or gabirjn, a calf, a year-
ling; maj-jabujn, a bear; £<x-
5a;n-ftudb, a yearling deer.
3^n, without ; Lat. sine ; jan 6/t,
sine auro ; jan m&c,sinefiUo;
olim can and cean in old parch-
ments.
3<*na;t, a rail, a fold.

>, falsehood, deceit.

.c, false, deceitful ; also
pitiful, narrow-hearted,
cxnjajbeact, craft, knavery, de-
ceit.
7, scarce, little, short.

lattices,
i, a gander.
i, hunger,
a swan.

7, prudence, wisdom.
;, or 56, an untruth, or lie.
253

3<xo;becintrci, idle, slothful.
3<xo;bean, a ialse colour, a counter-

feit.
3<xojb;ol, an Irishman ; also a

Highlander of Scotland.
3<xo;l. a family or kindred ; fe<x/t

g<XO]l, a kinsman ; bnAt:<Xj?t-

5<xo;l, a man of the same tribe

or clan.

3<xo;leaj, the Irish tongue.
3<xojne, good.
3<io;ne, goodness, honesty.

and jao^, wisdom, pru-

dence.

t, from 5<xoc, wind.

, a blast, or blowing.
, to break.
, a whirlwind.
and jao^mu/t, prudent,

skilful ; 5<xoc, yWe/«.
3<xot, a dart; also a stitch, or

shooting pain.
3<xoc, the wind; g<xot ;iu<xb, a

blasting wind; g<xoc ^u<x;^be-

^i;n, a whirlwind ; <xn jr<xb j<xo;te,

a tempest.
3<xotr, the sea.
3<xor, wise, prudent.
Jciotr, pains ; £cxoc<x ;nmeoban<xca,

interior pains.
Jaoc, theft ; mna-jaojce, thievish

women.

Jd-oca, streams left at low water.
3<3.oc;ac and jaocanac, windy ;

, painful ; cne<xb.
t, a painful wound.

3&otm<x;;te<xct, pain or great an-
guish proceeding from a sick-
ness or wound. This word is
common in old writings of me-
dicine.

3<xot/ia; j;m, to winnow.

3<x/i, desert, merit, or commen-
dation.

3fyt, near, nigh to; omga/t, near,
at hand ; bo b/tu;b <\jmfjj\ <xn-
j<x^t, the time drew near; ^5-
jaM,ver\- nigh ; com- j<x/i, equally

near, also short, not long since ;
<x;mp/t ga/1, a short time, or
while.

<x/td and jfyttxc, useful, profitable,
near, neighbouring.
<x/i<xbaj?, bran ; Gr. KuprjjSta.
<x/iaban and gea/i/taban, a re-
gister, a note book.
<*/td.b, a gratuity.

<x/ta;leamat<j.;/t, the great grand-
father's sister.
, to gratify.

and 5<x;i<xmu;t, near,
neighbouring ; also useful, com-
modious.

<t/tun, an underwood, a forest, or
thicket ; ga/tji&n, idem., a grove,
or wood.

great grandfather;
;g<x/iat:<x;i, proavus.
rude, raw, inexpe-
rienced.

3<X;tb, rough, rugged, uneven,
coarse : it is often used in com-
positions, as ga/tb-tonn, a bois-
terous wave; J^/tb-rjn, a tem-
pest : hence the Celtic name of
the river Garumna in Languedoc,
composed of ja/ib, pronounced
garv ; and <xiiiujn, river; Lat.
amnis.

3<x/tb<xc, a grandson.
3fl.fib6.jt:, a rough place.
3<*ribclubab, a coarse blanket, or

coverlet.

3<x/tb-cul<x; j, a frize coat.
3<x/tb-jajneam, gravel,
gcx/tbtocc, a crag, a thicket.

x, a guard ; also a garrison,
and gajjtbjn, a garden;

jr;necxmna, a vineyard.
, austere, fierce, cruel; also
rough, firm ; also sore.

, rudeness, roughness, cru-
elty ; also soreness.
a/itac, an infant lately born ; so
called from his screaming ; also
any naked, idle, or starving
child ; Scot, garlach, a bastard.
254

, a mole.
, a calling.

, a crier, a proclaimer.
, a post or pillar, a beam;
coymujl c/i<xnn tig<xb le
n pjje<xbo;toi, and the
staff of his spear was like a wea-
ver's beam; Tdftmiqn, idem.

, a gallows; cu<xn Loc<x
the haven of Loch
Garman, i. e. the town of Wex-
ford.

, a great grandmother.
e, the next.

cnn, a strong horse, a hackney ,
or work horse ; perhaps a dimin.
of T<xb<*fi, a horse; pronounced
ana written gea/i/ta/i, or gjo^t-

ty-

, clamorous, noisy.
, a garden. Jf
joic, a glutton.

, a crier, a bawler.
, liberality, generosity, boun-

, a head.

, a bonnet, a cap, or hat.
and gajt;tt<x, a shout or
great cry, a bawling, or crying
out.

x/tu<x, a great grand-child's grand
child, adnepos.

x/~, the stalk or stem of an herb,
a bough or sprout; hence j<ty~
signifies a growing boy or youth;
also a military servant ; plur.
g<X;-fi<x, or Jty'/uxb, signifying a
band of domestic troops or at-
tendants of a great man, and
anciently all mercenary soldiers :
it is of the same grammatical
construction with trxxc, plur. ma-
c/tcx. In Welsh and Armorir
guas signifies the same thing ;
and in French gonjat de Varmee,
is a camp-servant. The above
•£&f and jaf/ia is the radix of
the word Gessatcp. and Gessi, of

3 c

the Gauls and Germans.

, strength ; also anger, wrath :
more commonly written guf.
, at, to, into.

, to sprout, or shoot forth.

ta6, a midwife.
, the plur. of ga^, quod
rid.

, a snare, a wile ; go beagta,
a angoj^re lej^, lest
you should be ensnared thereby,
also a blast ; g<tyt gao;te, a
blast of wind.

, an old woman ; Armor, gast,
a whore.

r"ta> or ga/-ba, ingenious, witty,
skilful ; rrKXcam ga;~ta, an inge-
nious youth ; noc fejnnjOf go
gd/-ra a;n claj/i^eac, that plays
very well, or judiciously, on the
harp; like casta, femin. of cas-
tns, chaste; just as agna, qd.
vid. is like the Greek ajva and
a-yvsm. This word is at present
used in a bad sense, and means
a tricking, cheat ing fellow; bujne

b, ingenuity, skill.
, a wile, a trick.
j a spear or javelin ; also a ray
or beam; gon a njo.to.jb, with
their javelins ; gat gnejne, a
sun-beam.

^? S^b, or geab, a goose; and
plural gena, or geana;b, geese.

^, pro ce, or c;a, who .' which ?
what ? je ban mujnfj/t, who of
our clan or people; ge <ty-,from
what place.

&, and 56 ?;o, although ; je ta;m,
although I be.

eabab and ^ea.b<x;m, to be found,
to behave, to be ; bo ie<ib<x;m;b
ujle bfy-, we will all die ; jeob-
ta/t m-)fj go m<xjc o;\r, I will
deal well with you ; ma gejb-
rean an gobaj je, if the thief be
found ; bo je/6 ;-e locr, he
findeth fault.

•25.0

, fear, dread.
Jeocbajbeacb, a debate.
, a buttock or haunch.
, a spot ; a star in the fore-

head of a horse or any other

beast.

3eob, a small plot of ground.
, rid. ge, a goose.
u^-, a pike or jack.
, or geuj, a bough or branch,

a limb or member; jrao; jea-

ga;b rju ja bo;ne mojne, under

the thick boughs of a thick

oak.

agac, or gejgeamajl, branched,

having boughs or branches.

ajam, to branch or bud, to

sprout forth.

, fair, white, bright; ojbce

jeal, a bright night ; Gr. KO\OC,

pulcher.

olocan, the white of an egg, or

of the eyes.

, and genit. geolujbe, the

moon : it comes from geal, white

or bright, as doth the gole of the

Welsh, which means the light,

also lunacy ; pea^i jealujb, a

lunatic person.
^eatab, whiteness, also the dawn ;

jealab an loo;, the clearing up

or dawning of the day.
Jealajm and geola; jjm, to whiten,

to make white, to blanch.
3&atan, whiteness ; gealacan, the

same : gealacan o;be, the white

of an egg.

geotbon, or gealun, a sparrow.
3eoll and gjatl, a pledge, a mort-

gage; bo cujfieamaft an bpean-

;ia;nn a ngeall, we mortgaged

our lands ; gan zeatl na b/tajg-

be. without pledge or hostage ;

lab, a promise ; rug fe geal-
lab bo mnao;, he hath betrothed
a wife.

aUab and geallajm, to promise
or devote ; man bo jealt j-e. as

he promised.

^eatlaiTjna, a promising, or pro-
mise ; bo 7"te;/t <x jeallamna, ac-
cording to his promise.
3ealtarou;n, promise or vow; geal-
lamtrjn po^* a, a marriage con-
tract ; le jeallamu;/} anma bo,
by promising him his life.
Jealoj, salmon -trout, or a white

salmon,
gealta, whitened; jrea/t jealta

euba; j, a fuller.

^eattac, fearful, jealous, asto-
nished.

je, jealousy.
j;m, to dread or fear.
, a gem? or jewel.

c, a servant, a lacquey,
i, a blade of corn; also
corn in grass or blade.
, fondness ; also love.
, a woman; jn-jean, a daugh-
ter.

c, greedy, covetous,
cb, chastity.

, to deride.
3eana;/t, January; call/on gea-

na;/i, the calends of January.
3eana;/i, was conceived or born ;
from the verb geanajro, or j;-
n;m, Lat. genitus, Gr. yivo/uai,
nascor, gignor, sum; jeurxx^
patt/t<x;cc <x ^lempto;/i, St.
JPatrick was born at Nempthur,
in North Britain ; ^Ieamta/i,
i. e. tru/t ^leamboi, turris ccsles-
tis ; gen<x;/i po/t meobon ma^je,
wato est in medio campo. — Vid.
Brogan in Vita S. Brigida?.
^eanamlacb, grace, beauty, come-
liness.

u;l, graceful, comely.
, chastity.
c, chaste, modest.
, to strike or beat.
ean menu, a chestnut.
3e<xnmn<x;be, pure, chaste, incor-
rupt.

3eanmn<x;be<xct, chastity.
256

^ea/x and gea/1/t, short, shortly. -*
Jea/iajab and geu/iuiab, a soli-
citing, or enticing ; also a sharp-
ening.

3ea/ta;jjm, to sharpen.
Jea/iajt, holy, a saint.
3ea/ta;tr, wise, prudent.
Jea/iajt, a virgin; vid. je/ia;t.
Jea/tam and geu/tam, to whet or

sharpen.

Jea/ian, a complaint, a supplica-
tion, or remonstrance; a groan
or sigh.

gea/tana;m, to accuse, to com-
plain.

3&a/ib, a scab ; pi. gea/iba, also
the itch ; jej/tb, pi.
, bran.
2, scabby ; also rugged.

, to grieve, to hurt, or
wound.

3ea/tca;/*eab, smartness, brisk-
ness.

2u;^*e, subtlety, sagacity.

2, ingenious, subtle.
£, chickens. — Matt. 23.
37.

, a blotch, or bile.
, fierce, cruel,
ja, a short dart or javelin,
a/t-jlua;^, a gloss, or short
note.
Jea/t- leana;m, to pursue eagerly ;

also to persecute.
3e<J-fi-leanamu;n, persecution.
Jeafi-magab, a sarcasm, or bitter

jest. m

3e<x/t/tab, _a tax or tribute ; co;m-
gea/t/tab, a shot, share, or reck-
oning.

Jea/iftab and jea/i/ta^m, to cut;
also to Jjite or gnaw ; a/t na
^ea/t;iab na p;o^-ajb, being rent
in pieces.

, a quail.

an, a work-horse, a hack.
i, a hare.

m, an abstract, or
abridgment.

3 e

a horse-leech.
, t'ortune, late, destiny.

, severity.
, milk.

i, a carver, a hewer ;
to;/t connujb, a wood-cutter.
edMti] jeacb, railing, satirizing:.
ea/tu; j;m, to whet or sharpen ;
also to scold or exasperate.
eoutu/i. a gerund.
ea^-a and S^/"^, a conjecture
or guess ; gea^o. bnoma. O/ta-
o/beacr<x, a nice kind of the
Druidish sorcery, explained at
large by Dr. Keating.
, a shrub.

t, a wizard, or charmer.
xcb, divination, sorcery.
, to divine, or foretell.
-»tO jab, superstition .
or ^Ofc, barm.
l, a deed, or fact.
L want, need, necessity.
, milk.
' ^eata, a gate.
Jeb, a goose ; vid, je.
Jejbeal, and geatl, a pledge.
3&jbeal or je;b;ol, and sometimes
written ^ejmjol, chains, fetters,
also confinement ; pi. ge;bleac,
Jjbtjb, and gjbleacajb ; cean-
jajlcre a njejbtjb, tied in fetters.
Tin's word corresponds not only
with the Hebrew, but also with
the Chaldaean, Syrian, and Ara-
bic languages, in the affinity of
sound and letters, as well as in
the identity of sense and mean-
ing ; since in the said dialects it
is written ^3D. compes, as in
Psalm 105. 1«. and Psalm 149.
8. and in our Irish dialect e-
beal, or cebeal; i-id.
supra.

^e;bjm, to obtain, to set.
3e;b;on, fetters, prison; also any
great distress ; plur.

, a valley.

2.57

Se;bl;j;m, to fetter, or put in
chains ; also to pledge, to mort-
gage.

eal, a fan.

teajrKXb, a stipulation.
j~, traffic.
, gives or fetters.
, submission.

, to serve, to obey, to do
homage.
, idem.

, kindness, friendship.
3e;tl/-;ne, submission, homage ; a
nje;U^;ne mjc ma;/te, i/t servi-
tiojil'ii Mari(p.
3e;l(T);n, a pilchard.
Jejlc, or jnjejlt, pasture.
Je;lt:, a wild man or woman, one
that inhabits woods or deserts ;
from the Irish cojlt and co;Ure,
woods : Wei. guy I '/if, a wild
man ; and Wei. gelhtydh. wood.
This Irish word jejtc and cojU-
te, and the Latin national word
CeltfB, the Celts, have an affinity
with the Hebrew word D^p, re-
fug'unn^ because the Celtce fre-
quented woods and groves either
for their places of refuse and
residence, or to perform their
religious rites and other cere-
monies. — J'id. Tacit, de .Worib.
Germ, et Ccpsar. Com mentor.
, restraint, bondage.
, a bond, or chain.

3e;rime, winter ; fan nje;fc;ie, in
the winter ; Gr. \eina, Lat.
hyems, or hibernum tempus.

Jejm/ieab and gejriifijm, to winter,
to take winter quarters; ge;m-
pieocujb, they shall winter.

3e;meab and jejm/teab, to bellow,
to low ; Lat. gemo, gemere.

3e;mne(Xc, the lowing or bellowing
of cattle.

», a conception, an offspring;
has an affinity with the Gr. -yc-
voc, and Lat. genus ; as jejnjm,
to beget, hath with

9 r

, a wedge.

e<*b, generation ; also a spring-
ing, or bringing forth.
-;neal(Xc, a genealogy, a pedi-
gree, a family.

iroajfl, a birth; 5 nd jej-
emujn go a bcv^, from his
birth to his death.

, general.
a gem.

or gjnjm, to beget chil-
dren, to generate ; bo gejn
•Cf&fidbam J^aac, Abraham be-
gat Isaac ; Jjnjrjb tu mjc <xju^
;n jetxrxx, thou shalt beget sons
and daughters; Greek, yivo-

jUCtt.

c, a family ; vid. jejne<x-
l<xc.

jnmcta, except, save only; ex.
bo ma/ibo.b ujte ;&b jejnmota
£)omn<xll, they were all slain ex-
cept Daniel ; vid. cejnmotra.
, a sower or planter.
, Paganism, idolatry ;
em; hence gejrt-
;l; je<xctr, and sometimes pro-
nounced bjntrjtjjeact:, signifies
witchcraft.

, suet, tallow; Te;/-i-c<xo/i<xc,
suet ; gejr-bam, tallow.

, more sharp, more harsh.

ness, sourness, or tartness.
, greasy.

and jej/ijjjm, to whet;
also to grease.

acb^ sagacity, subtlety.

, a gloss or short
comment.

a granary.
, a brief, an abridgment.

, a snare.
, a girl.

t, a short shield.
, an order, or custom ;

Ce<xm/t<xc, the customs of
Tara.

, a vow, or protesting against
258

a thing, an indispensable injunc-
tion or prohibition ; ex. <jy gejy
bam^<x be;c <x mb/iu;j;n <xon-
bo/iu;^, I am forbidden to live
or be in a house of one door;
vid.

a PraYer-

a swan.

that obtains the cattle of his
foes by the power of his lances.
jeab, entreaty.

, as tuor-jejple, a terri-
tory of the King's County, the
ancient estate of the O'Hivir-
gins.

3en, a sword.

Jen, a hurt or wound ; jre<Xft bobo.
geoina,a man that inflicts wounds.
, a sword-belt.
, to fence.

, a fencer.

, to fence, to scuffle.
, general, universal.
c, a Gentile, a Heathen.
c, a stroller, a vagabond, or
vagrant; also a low parasite.
oco; jjm, to act the vagrant, to
strole.

, strolling, vagrant.
, a reveller, debauchee.

a goose-pen.
i, a hurt or wound.

, a fan.

, a confused noise.
, a fool, a foolish person.

a shaft or arrow ; also
a small stalk ; Lat. arundo.

, the belly.
t, for g<xot, wind.
t, the sea or ocean.
, to hurt, or wound.

, strict, rigorous.
, a prostitute, or whore.
, the cheek, or jaw; j;<xlt, •
Wei. kill.

, a neck-cloth, a cravat.
, the jaw.
, softness.

J

3; all, and jjalla, hostages: also

a pledge.
%filf and ge;5;y, a glen or val-

ley.

3;bne, thread.
3?bne, aba;tc leaga, a cupping-

horn.
3;bne, a greyhound ; jjbne jo/t-

tac, signifies a hungry hound.
3jb, who. what; 5;O be a/t b;t,
whoever. whatsoever.

though or although, never-
theless : but in this last sense it
is generally written jjbeab.
and raleab, a tickling.
j to tickle.
g;l, water.

_e and jjleacb, whitenr -~.
3jle, more white, more fair; the
compar. of jeal, also whiteness.
'U\. a servant: rid. j;olla.
, a gelding, an eunuch.

. a water-adder.
, a wedge ; bjnn, /Vfcwi.

c, or jejnaalac, a genea-

3>neamujn, a bud or sprout.

-ell, an order of battle in form
. triangle or wedge-wise ; cu-
- ; from g;n/7 or b;nn, a
i^e.

"&}njm, to bud or sprout forth ; bo
jjn an tuafcart, pride hath
budded. — Ezek. 7. 10. Jjnpe
ye jeuja, it shall bring forth
boughs.
3p-ac, rough or hair)', ragged;

also a coarse rug.

3)obal, canvas, cast cloth ; also old
fur or hair ; a ras or clout.
c, full of hair, ragged.
, to tear.

, a rag ; Ian bo j;ob6jajb,
all ragged.

, ragged.
, dung, ordure.
, although.

, a barnacle.
3;obt;tact; or cjobc^act, never-
259

theless, howbeit. This expres-
sion is ver\' common in Irish,
and is mostly used when the
thread of a story is resumed, or
when the historian returns to
treat about the principal persons
or actions of his discourse, and
answers the Lat Jam rero,
c, dutiful, officious.

and gjOpxjneacb, offi-
ciousne-.

ne, a client

, a female client ; officiosa.
c, a bag, or budget

, to follow or pursue.
j'tam, a plain. -

and jjolcac, broom, a reed
or cane.

3;olc<iiT)u;l, made of broom or
reeds.

, a reed.
, a servant, a footman; b<x

was the king's cup-bearer ; Tjolla
/t; j Ula, the king of Ulster's
page ; gjolla ca/tba;b, a coach-
man ; Lat. calo ; Jjolla £;tab, a
prince or nobleman's chief ser-
vant of conBdence.

jollaba an rll/a j, the baggage of
an army, also the servants of the
army.

pllamajl, of or belonging to a
servant.

, servce.

, to solicit.
3;omac, or jlpmac, a lobster.
m, a lock of hair.
n, will or desire.
, the mouth.

, a noise or tumult.
c, talkative.
3;o;taca;m, to chat, or prate idly ;

Lat garrio.

3jo/t/taban, jraocan, or jraocoj, a
kind of periwinkle.

, a hungry fellow.
, reed.

^jo/tamacb, greediness, covetous-
ness.

i<x, shorter.

ta;be, a buttock, or haunch.

:a, idem.

:ala;m, to patch or mend.

~an, the noise of a wheel or
door.

/o^can, or bjorcan, a gnashing
of teeth.

~, barm.

:<xj/tea^, old age.
I, a fact, or deed.
3jota, an appendage, or depend-
ence.

and jujbanac, a fly ; Wei.
guybedin.

jujljm, to follow; gu/i j;u;l ;ab,
that he followed them.
juiria^, a pine-tree; also a fir-
tree ; ma;be gjumaj;", deal,
i, a can or tankard,
it, or 5 jumbal, the games or
manly exercises formerly prac-
tised by the Irish at their <xonac,
or eunteact:, or public meet-
ings.

lac, a hand ; genit. jlajce, as
Ian mo jlajce, my handful ;
glac to;m/~;be, a handful,
lac and glacan, a prong, a fork,
c and glactxnac, forked,
.ban, a repository.
>, acceptance, receiving, also
feeling.

3lac<xb and glaca;m, to take, to
receive, or apprehend, also to
feel; nac j:e;b;;t <x jlacab, that
cannot be felt ; glacajm ta;/ibe,
to enjoy the benefit,
a receiver.

3l<xc<xt<xc and gtacatlac, a bundle.
5lac-lecxK<X;i, a pocket-book.
, a bundle,' a faggot,
and rlacaita, felt, han-
dled.

Jlabajfte, a gladiator.
3l<veb, or jlaob, a calling out ;
Gr. yXo^w, ct.uH).
260

b, broad.

, a babbler, or prating
fellow.

an

noise or din, a prating or chat-
terin.

and glAjjJn, a talkative

person.

<x, flowing.

b, gluttony.
^ jm and jlajm, a great noise or
clamour, a pitiful complaint ;.
also a common report; as, olc
<xn jlajm <x to. <\ mu; j ajfi, there
is a bad report spread abroad of
him, or he has a bad character;
also a yelling or yelping ; Lat.
clamor.

, a spendthrift, a glutton.
j;tn, to roar, or cry out.
, brightness, clearness; Wei.
init also the comparative of
, more bright.
cb, clearness, neatness.

, a glazier.
, a glutton.

and glaj^eacb, greenness,
verdure ; also the comparat. of

, an outcry, a great shout or
noise; Lat. clamor.

j a noisy, silly fellow.

t, a constant babbling,
or making a noise.
airxxjm, to cry out, to bawl ; also
to devour, to eat greedily.
anijn, or glamujn, a spendthrift.
an, clean, pure, sincere ; o c;to;-
be jl<xn, from an unfeigned
heart; le beal/tab gtoin, with a
clear brightness; Or. KaXov.

, to make clean, to purge ;
jtdnpxm fjnn jrejn,
how shall we clear, or acquit
ourselves.

shoulder.
, a fence, a dyke.

, to fence, enclose, or
entreqch.

wheat.

a lock,
in fet-

i. e. man gl<xn, clean

a good head of hair ;
bdpi;t is properly the top or sum-
mit of any thing. but is here
used for the hair of the head.
, cleansing.

jbfteab, clearness of ex-
pression, evidence.

, cleansing, weeding.
snuffers.
bird-lime.
, a call.

and jlaobajm, to call, to
bawl, or cry out ; bo gtaojb <xn
c<x;le<xc, the cock crew.

and jlaobu;^, crying or
bawling.

b, a heap, or pile.

a wolf.
and plur.
hold, &c. ; <x
ters.

, green, verdant ;
a green tree ; also pale or wan ;
also grey ; e<xc jl<x^, a grey
horse.

fie, a prattler.

to become green ; also
to lock up, to fetter.
lo^Anxijt, greenish; also some-
what pale or wan, greyish.

a sort of edible alga, or
sea-rack ; any sallad.
, pale.

\t, a green plot.
z, a green plain.
or jluOLj-og, a water-
watail.

greens to eat.
jm, to make green.

green ; and gla^pea;t,
grass.

3le, pure, clean ; hence the com-
pound gle-Teal, exceeding white,
from gle, clean, and jevxl, fair.
Jle, open, plain.

3le, good ; ex. jle Ijom^-a <i co;m-
be jan col: be<xta fcoct ir
261

be;c mao/ian, i- e. poor life, with
solitude, is my great good and
happiness.
Jledc, or gtejc, a fiijht, or con-

flict.

3leac<xb and jldCA^m, to wrestle,
to struggle ; aj gljc pjf, strug-
gling with him ; jtejcjrjb ;";<xb,
tliey shall wrestle.
tetxccijbe, a combatant.

ab, and plur. jleabna, tricks,
sham, humour; Gr. js\aw, ri-
deo.

e<x j<x;m, to bear leaves.
le- jtan, bright, clear.
leajjtac, or gleacaj/t, a loud
cr\' or shout.

, neat, clean, fair.
, exceeding white, or clear.
, to blanch, or whiten.
m;-dc, tedious.

, to adhere, to stick close to;
bo jte<xn^ab <x lama bon co;^e,
his hands clung to the chal-
dron.

of or belonging to a valley; also
steep, shelving.

Jlean, a valley ; genit. jtjnn, and
pi. gteannta ; Wei. cr/////, Angl.
gUn.

^leannajm, to adhere, or stick to.

5lea/t<xm, to follow.

3le<xnam<x;n, now called Glan-
worth, in Roche's country in the
County of Cork, anciently the
patrimony of the O'Keefes,
kinors of "&le<\r>narna-)n and its
territory, but not in early ages ;
rid. jreanamu; je.

3le<xn-j:le;/~5, in the Count)- of
Kerry, the patrimony of the
O'Donoghues of 3te<xnnj:lej;'-g.

3ted.nm<xt;<X;t, a district of <fo;b
p<x;tje, in the County of Kil-
dare, anciently the estate of the
O'Dempsys and a tribe of the
O'Hennessys.

a territory of the

County of Cork, between cf man
tllla and glean Sulcon, which
anciently belonged to the Mac-
Auliffs.

^lea/iam, to follow.
2>lea/itac, flexible, pliant,
glea/-, or gleu^", a manner or con-
dition, a method or means ; a;/t
gletty* ejle, by other means; a/t
gleu^", so that, insomuch that;
also any machine, the lock of a
gun, &c. ; gleuf ma/tbta, a mur-
dering instrument,
glea^ab and gleu^am, to prepare,
or make ready.

i, a storehouse,
i, provision ; also prepared,
provided, in readiness; also di-
gested, or set in order,
glea^tact, neatness, prepared-
ness.

glejcb, wrestling, justling.
gl£;-geal, exceeding white, very

bright, or clear.

glejle and glejleacb, whiteness,
pureness.

*, much, plenty, a great deal ;

nna^tjO^a, much good,
i, choice, election ; gle;/ie
laoc, a choice hero.

), a commissioner,
c ana gle;t;m, to keep ; also
to clear up, to manifest ; also to
cleanse.

te, grazing ; baba/i na bejc
ag gle;c an jreo;/t, the horses
were grazing.

and gle, pure ; also neat.
3, a fight, an uproar, or tumult,
disturbance, or squabble,
gleob, a sigh or groan,
gleob, cleansing, scouring, polish-
ing.

), to cleanse; rid. glej-

3teo;te, handsome, curious, tight,

pretty, neat.
Qeonann, cresses.
i- ^leten, glue.

262

Jtete, clean.

, furniture, order ; vid. glea^*.
, to prepare, to provide;
bam, get me, prepare for
me ; bo gteity* ye, he hath pro-
vided.

leu^ta, prepared, ready ; on 56-
ja jleu^ta, from the bent bow.
and jl;atr, war, battle.
a lock of hair.
, cunning, artificial, crafty.
a noise.

, to prate, to make a noise.
n, a generation; corrupt?, pro

n, drunkenness.
, to follow, to clin.u-
, light; also the sky.
"£L)nn, a fort, or fortress, a gar-

rison.
"$l)nn, clear, plain ; glJnn-K/tejt-

njjeac, clear-sighted.
3l;nn, from glean, a valley, vale.
ne, a habit, or cloak.

/i, le nea/it be bo
jl;nnea^ta/t, hoc virtus Dei
prcestiMt. — Vid. Brogan in Vita
S. Brigid.

Jljnn; j and gljnn, manifest, plain,

clear, evident ; go gl;nn, clearly.

3l;nnjujab, to observe closely, to

see clearly.

^Ijnceac, flexible, pliant.
3l;oca^ and gl;ocu^, prudence,
ingenuity, cunning, wit in deal-
ing ; jrea/t Tl;oca;^, a cheat.
3l;oga^, a tinkling, or ringing

noise.

3l;oga/i, slowness.
3ljog/ta;m, to ring or tinkle.
^Ijomac and gjomog, a lobster ;
Scot, gimmach; gl;omac-nDa;-
neac, crawfish.

, a prating fellow.
e, a glyster.
u and gl;um, glue. *
l;u^ta and gl;u^tac, slowness.
loca/t and cloca/t, gloca/inac
and cloca/inac, breathing, res-

s1

piration, snoring.
lo;ne, glass ; <urw;l jlojne becil-
lu;jed.c, as transparent glass;
also brighter, or more clear ;
also cleanness; from glow, clear,,
transparent.

lojft and gto^te, glory. „*•
toj/tjjjm, to glorify.
t6;fim;on<xc, ambitious, proud,
vain-lorious.

, pomp, triumph.

full-stuffed, cram-
med, thick set.
3lon<xjb, a multitude.
3IOfiT)OL;t, loathing.
"glonn, a fact, or deed.
316-1, a noise, a voice, or speech ;
nj <x njlo/t bOfico., not in a dark
or mysterious speech ; bo to.;t;n
an jlo/t jo roa;c /t;^, the saying
pleased him well.
\, clear, neat, clean.
c, noisy, clamorous.
, to sound or make a noise.
t, or gto/tmojt, glorious, fa-
mous, celebrated.
lo/i-mao;b;m, to boast.

, a bosom.

wise, prudent, discreet.
a veil or covering.
i, pure, clear, clean.

, brightness, neatness.
a device, or invention ;
m;n; je, glosses, or an ex-
plication.

luajfQ, cleanness, neatness.
luA;/"eo.b and gludjpno, to go, to
pass, move, march; bo gludj-
f eab<x/t, they marched, or they
went on.

luojTte, moved, stirred, pro-
voked.

gesture, motion; glua-
n<x mb<xll, the motion of
the members.

lu<x/-05 and gla^og, a waterwag-
tail,

lujne, the knees ; also the genit.
of jlun ; also a generation.
263

b, the gout in the knee ;
. e. gonagra.

ujn-jreacajm, to bend the knee.
, the shoulder.
eAjac, full of sjreen leave-.
, a knee, also a generation ;
<xn t^tea/' jlun, to the third
generation or degree.
, to kneel.
, bandy-legged.
, light, brightness.
, a man or woman, but more
properly a woman, as -yui'?? in
Greek is the name of woman.

, cudweed.

, a woman's privy parts.
, a sea-snail, or periwinkle.
, peculiar, proper.
, the countenance.
, pleasant, delightful.
, a custom.
<ir, a manner, fashion, or custom,
a stature ; gnor-beu;ila, the vul-
gar tongue, the common Irish;
bo fte;/t <x njnattt, according to
their custom ; bo jncic, always,
continually.

^cac, common, continual, con-
stant.

ac<x; j;m, to accustom, to inure,
to exercise ; mo. jnatu; j ^e, if
he were wont.
aca/", experience.
cic-cao;, a way much used, a
beaten path.
cic-cujmne, tradition.
e, a kind or sort, a manner or
form ; also a countenance, a spec-
tre, shew or appearance ; ex. bo
jne;t;b <xn bu;^- ; <xb cona/tc
jne mna, i. e. of the different
sorts of death; I saw the ap-
pearance of a woman.
e, an accident, or outward sen-
sible sign; px jnejtjb <x^a;n
CIT<X^ p;on<x, under the accidents
of bread and wine.

:, bo jneac, was born.
a voice.

Jn;a, knowledge.

Jnja, a tree.

Jnja, a servant ; as befytt U;cto/i
jr/t; grya GO; Icon, dixit (Ange-
luff) Victor, servo Milconis, (Pa-
tricio puero.) — Vit. S. Patric.
bo ,i;j a;ngeat po gn;a, regi
angelorum inserviendo.

Jnja, a judge, or knowing person.

Jnjab, a doing service.

Jn;c, knowledge.

Jn;b;m, to bring to pass, to effect,
to do, to make.

Jnjom, a parcel or division of land,
which I think is the twelfth part
of a ploughland.

Jnjom, or gnjom, a fact or deed, an
action ; plur. gn;oma/-it:a.

Jnjomae, actual i also active, busy.

Jnjomab, an action, an acting, or
doing a thing.

Jnjoma/tta, deeds, or facts.

3r);oir)-cum<x^ac, powerful.

Jn;om-to;/i, an actor, or agent.

3nJr£7m> to bring to pass, to
effect.

Jnjpm and gn;;~; j;m, to make, to
do.

Jnjte, transactions, deeds.

3/70, business; taba;/i a;/ie bob
gno, take care of your business ;
plur. gnota and gnota; je.

Jno, famous, remarkable, notable.

Jno, jeering, or mockery.

Jnoact, brave actions, bravery,
courage.

Jnobujab, profit, gain in traffic;
gnobujab nearo-;on/ia;c, dis-
honest gain ; gno jab, ?'rfew.

^nobuiab and gnoba; j;m, to get
or obtain, to profit ; TO ngnobo-
cu;nn, that I may gain ; also to
appoint, or ordain ; bo jnocu; j
^•e, he hath commanded.

^notac and jnoca; jeac, busy, ac-
tive.

3fl5tu; je or jnocuj je<vb, the plur.
of gno; t^ie jom<vb na njnctu;-
be, for multiplicity of business ;
264

3 0

o^ c;onn jnocujbe ncx Oab;to;r),
over the affairs of Babylon.
utxc, leaky.
ujf, the face ; gen.

, hazard, danger ; <x
in jeopardy.

7>nii)f, a notch.

3nu;;"-meaUdno, to counterfeit.

Jnum, a dent, or notch.

3"LiiT), a heap, or pile.

3nu^<xm, to heap up, to amass, to
pile.

^"^ab, a notch.

"&nufac; and ju^d; jjl, the grunt-
ing of a cow.

3°) is sometimes used for the da-
tive and sometimes for the ab-
lative cases, and signifies to,
unto ; as also with, together, or
along with ; 50 b<xjle cxt<x-ct)<xt, /^/
to the town of Dublin ; jo i)Q)-
pinn, to Ireland; jo btxlla, unto
the palace; 50 ma;tjb La; jean,
together with the chiefs of Leins-
ter, also until ; go Oealtjne,
until May ; 50 Ca;^j, till Eas-
ter.

Jo, is a sign of the conjunctive
mood; jo mbeannu; je an C; ja/t-
na ^;b <xja^ 50 cco;meaba /-;K,
may the Lord bless and pre-
serve you.

Jo, placed before an adjective, y
makes it an adverb ; as, It/at, /i
quick ; 50 luac, quickly ; go
ceatrac, craftily ; 50 bana,
boldly; 50 bo^-cu;tte, openly;
a/t fdn go, although ; go be;t,
and go gu^, until ; go ba;t,
quickly, swiftly. Note, that co
is often written for go in old
Irish manuscripts.

Jo, the sea.

Jo, or ga, a spear.

J6, a lie; \Vel. gay; Corn. gou. "'

Job, a bill, beak, or snout.

Jobam, to bud, or sprout forth,

Joban, a muffle ; also any impedi-
ment or obstruction of speech

o

proceeding from an exterior
cause.

l, the harbour's mouth.
x, a smith.

, to lessen or diminish ; ex.
njf jo;b bo fi<xt <*. bo.o;b; j, non
diminuit de prosperitate hos-
pitis.

3ob<x/t, or 5<xB<x/i, a horse, but now
it commonly means a goat, (also
the sgad fish.)
Joba^, a periwig.
Jogac* wavering, reeling.
5o£<x;lle<xcb, dotage.
3oT<xll<xc, the cackling of a goose,
duck, hen, &c.

, to make much gesture.

my

and gobag, a little bill ;
also sand eel.

a false colour.
, a scoff, or taunt.
theft.

the Irish tongue.
to steal ; bo jo;b f&
maj/t^eab, he stole
gold and silver; cjonnuy
fjn bo jojbjreiY);/", how then
should we steal ?
;jl;/*, a tickling ; Wei. goglais,
and Gr. yiyy\iv[jiog, and Hisp.
coxquillas.
jlj prowess, chivalry ; j<x;l, zc/.

, the stomach; also an appe-
tite for eating.
e<xm <x;n, grief, sorrow.

to grieve, to cry ; bo jo;l
fe ^o bjom<Xftc<ic, he cried ex-
cessively ; Cor. guilvan.

<x jojlljne, or j<x;l-
l;ne, the devil.
jm, anguish, vexation.
, a hurt, or wound.
, a chapter, or paragraph.
, delusion.
, to wound, to hurt.
near; <xnjo;^e cin
nigh the wall.

, a short space.
265

, or 5<V7/i;m, to call; bo
jo;/t fe he hath called ; gO;;tjre
tu, thou shalt call.
, woad.

andju;/tne<xb, agurnard.
, a dolt, a fool.
, a target.
, genit. of jO^tt, a corn field.

sore.

, salt; salsus.
, jo/ttac, greedy.

' misery, calamity.
, saltness, sourness.
, warm.

a gossip.
, a halter, or snare ; bo ;t<xb

b be e ; irxx/t bo bl;j ; Judas
(Iscariot) put a halter on his
neck, and thus killed himself;
as he deserved. — L. B.

, a lance or spear.
, gluttony.

» lamentation.
3> with, along with.

, a lancing or stinging, a
stabbing, darting, piercing ; also
a wounding.
3on<xb<x;fie, the same;

fjn, therefore.
3oncib/t<xb;'-;n, therefore, from
whence, whereupon.

, wounded, hurted.
, light.

, advantage, profit.
, short. Jr
t, laughter, also pleasure.
3o/i<xm, to heat or warm ; jO;<u;b
b j:e;n, warm yourselves.
, cruel, terrible.

, to hurt or annoy.

i, a weeder.

, blue ; jfea/i jo/tm, a Moor.

, noble, illustrious, excellent.

, to make blue or red.

, of an azure or blue co-
lour; glaucus.

fiirxxc, a brave sturdy servant or
domestic.

2 L

go/tm/tob, a passage through the

sea.
^o /m, a coal or ember, a fire-

brand.

Zopn, the force of poison.
^o^;-ijeac<xy and go;ifije<xcb, do-

tage ; also peevishness, surli-

ness.

, the ivy-tree ; also the letter

j standing corn, a field, or
garden.

and jo/ita, famine, hunger.
jnn^e-jutxj/te, the regal re-
sidence of the O'Shaghnassys in
rf o;B p;<Xfto.c in the County of
Galway.

0ftt<xc, hungry, greedy, starving ;
also sparing, stingy.
, a hungry fellow.
, a sour apple-tree, a crab-
tree.

o^tujoib, hurt, wrong, oppres-
sion.

o/itu j<xb and go/tt<v;gjm, to hurt,
to wound, to oppress.
o/tt; je<x^tn,the universal language
before the confusion of tongues.
—K

6yb<x, a spirit, a ghost, or phan-
tom ; plur. go^bcvjbe.
, straight, even.
a spear.
, a vowel.
c, opprobrious.
a spear.

, a spear to fight with ;
from Tot, a spear, and ne;b,
fight, battle.
3ji<Jib<xc, notched, indented.
^^<xbab, an impediment.
3/id.baj/ie and gjiaboj, a jester,
droller, scoffer; an impertinent

Battler, or talkative person.
jCnciboi ^J° Devour, to cram.
ZMC&dA'fr sculpture, engraving.
Tn<xBU;be, an engraver.

, a great fault, an error,
' , the same.

a blot ; Trt<xb -
'

, or j/tob, sudden.
ab, or rather j^a, love, charity ;
^ab buc^i<icb<xc, tender love.
ab, a degree, or gradation ; Lat.
gradus ; j/taba eacctu^e, ec-
clesiastic orders, because they
are conferred by degrees and in-
terstices.

an, an expeditious way to
make corn ready for the mill by
burning the straw: its meal is

called

, loving, also beloved, dear.
, <xng/i<xb<xjj, of a sudden.
icvbmu^, loving ; jcea/t jji&bmu/i,
a loving man.

i6.bmu;jtecicb, fondness, loving-
ness.

266

to love affectionately,
to have a regard or friendship
for a person.

bu; je and g/t&bu; jte, beloved,
dear.

and 5fi<xj:<xjm, to write, to
inscribe; mjf) eo^an bo g;iap
an leaba/i rp, I, Owen, wrote
this book. This Irish word gfioi-
pab signifies also to grub or
scrape up the earth, and is like
the Greek verb -ypa^w, to write,
to inscribe; and ^/i;ob<xb, to
scrape up, also to write; Lat.
scribo, to write : it is also writ-
ten 3fi<xb<xb, which can be easily
reconciled with the Greek verb,
as b, with which gfi<xba.b is writ-
ten, is the corresponding tenuis
of its aspirate the Gr. 0.

Knock Graflfan, or Raf-
fan, in the County of Tippcrary,
one of the regal houses of the
kings of Minister in ancient
times, where p;<xco. fl}u;lle<xt:<xn
and other Momonian kings had
their courts ; it was to that seat
brought C0fim<xc GQ<xc-
king of Le<xt-Co;nn, pri-
soner. In after ages it was the
estate, together with its annexes,

of the O'Sullivans. A very re-
markable mote yet remains there
to be seen to this day.
grafted.

, to engraft
aj, trie noise of crows, a croak-
ing ; also a shout.
, a glutton.

i and jftajaojll, the
clucking or hoarse crying of a
hen, duck, or crow.
tcig<xm, to cry out, to bawl, to
squeal or shriek.

t<X£<xn, a manor, or village, a
district.

an, the bosom.

|, or j/io; j, a stud of horses,
or a breed of mares ; grex.
~j, an almanack.

^, the place where
ancient records and charters are
kept ; archives.
i<Xjbjt;, a title.

KXjb, a herd or flock ; rid. gn<x j.
, a lover, a sweetheart.

a rid-

ing, also horsemanship, also an
alarm.

<xjge and gruvjgeacb, supersti-
tion.

J/MJ to love, to regard, or
esteem.

> a glutton.

> gluttony.

, deformity, a loathing or
abhorrence ; also reproach.
, disdain, or loathing.
, to disdain.
;l, abominable, detest-
able.

cb, abomination.
b, the glanders.
, a hedge-hog ; cnua^uc
no. 5^ajne5jje, an old proverb
expressing the folly of worldly
people, who part with all at the
grave, as the hedge-hog doth
with his crabs at his narrow-
hole.

267

a grange.
3.n<x;nte and jftajntreacb, hoari-
ness.

,the common people ; 3^^-
, the mob.
. vulgar.
, grammar.

, the mob, or inferior set
of people.

a flock or company.
, a buffoon, or jester.
An, corn, a grain; Lat. gra-
nian.

,n^n, hail, also shot ; le 5|tcin ]f
le pteuK, with shot and with
balir

;tanba, ugly, deformed, ill-favour-
ed.

, the glanders.
, corn, grain.
, grey.

, filthy, obscene.
, obscenity.

, grace, favour, aid, help,
succour.

, gracious, merciful.
, excellent, noble, distin-
uished.

*ta/in<xc, bawling, clamorous.
, grey. ^

, a stroke or blow ; plur.
; ex. <x bo;tb- jneabajb,
his terrible blows.
3;te0.b<xro, to burn, or scorch ; also

to torment, to whip severely.
3rte<xban<J.c, babbling, chattering,

clamorous, obstreperous.
3/le<xbant<x, hot, warm, scalding.
, a horse.

i, drolling.
rte, a stallion.
, a griddle ; ^ne;be<xl. I
a, scorched, parched, burn-
ed.

and

, Greece; gen.
, a Grecian ; plur.
, dirty, filthy.

3/teatl<x;r, clay, or loam.
3/iecxmci; j;m, to hold, to fasten, to
adhere, or stick to; bo j/te<x-
m<x; j fe an b;t-t<xmrxxc, he put
the thief into custody.
3rte<xmann<x, the plur, of gfiejm,

morsels, pieces, bits.
3^eam<xnn<x, gripes or stitches in

the side, belly, breast, &c.
3fie<xmu j<xb, a fastening, or bind-
ing, griping, also cleaving to.
J^e<xmu;gte, fastened, clinched.
3fie<xn, gravel ; Wei. graian, and

Arm. gruan.

3fte<Xfl-<xb<xl, a pomegranate.
3;te<xn<xc, long-haired, crested ;

Lat. crena, a crest.
3ftecxn<xj<xb or j/ieanugdb, exhor-
tation.

/ibe<x^, hairiness.
, facetious, witty, lovely.
, love, friendship.
, a beard ; also fair hair.
3;te<xnno.b, graving.

, carved, engraved.
, graving.
, to defy.
, a guest ; pi. j/iea/TX.

genit. jpe;^; j^iejy co;-
m;/ice, protection, preservation.
ie<x;r, 50 £/ie<ty-, usually, ordi-
narily.

and genit. %pejf, fine
clothes, embroidery; Oj/i-Tfte;^,
gold embroidery, furniture ;
hence j/iecx^oib signifies to
dress, or adorn ; also to ac-
coutre ; ex. bo j/ieoyoib OOaojl-
Tjon an taoc, the champion
Maolgin was accoutred or dress-
ed in his military habiliments;
ob<xjfi J/te;/-, embroidery, or any
needle-work.

iea/"<xb and j^e<x^<xm, to dress,
to order, to adorn; also to en-
courage, promote, or urge on.
, an inn, or tavern.
, an innkeeper,
a yreb.

268

the distinguishing
name of a shoemaker ; but pro-
perly the maker of any furniture
or embroidery.

, a noise, cry, shout, &c., pi.

c, a hound.
3/iec, a nut.
3/iec, salt; salsus.
3;^e;ble, a gift or present.
3/iejbe<xl, a gridiron ; also a grid-
dle, or baking iron ; Brit, gra-
delL
3/ie;tlear>, a dagger, a sword, or

poniard.

3fte;m, a task, a hard word, or
difficult expression ; also a hold ;
bo pu-g ye £;ie;iD, he laid ahold,
also a bit or morsel; b<xjnpb
5/ie;m <x^-a;b, they shall bite
you; plur. ^Heamannoi.
, a stitch.

, the herb samphire.
, old garments, trash, or
trumpery, old lumber.
c, the zodiac.
/ienn, the zodiac.
, genit. of g;te<X;~, furniture,
needle-\vork, any fine work ; also
fine clothes; ex. nj hjnjfteap
Ion no. b;a <xcu <xctr a bjr<xj<xb
Joyep <x^( <x 7"<xo;/ye<xct;, <xju^
ma;/ie <x;/t <x gfte^*, they are not
said to have any sustenance or
food but what Joseph acquired
by his trade of carpenter, and
Mary by her needlework and
embroidery. — L. B.
, protection.

l, the sanctuary.
ct>, a soliciting, or en-

ticing.

- j;oU<x, a client.

6;pi, a carter, or wag-
goner.

e;t, a champion, or warrior.
e;c, a jewel, or precious stone ;
plur. gftejt/ie ; jomab bo j/te;-
c/t;b jeandmla, a store of va-

luable jewels.
t, grey hairs.
, common.

t, a guest, or present.
/V<xb<x, a great warrior, a cham-
pion, or hero.

, the sun ; genit. gytejne.
3/V<xn, the ground or bottom of a
sea, lake, or river ; Wei. graian
is ravel.

, land; gfi;<xn-b;lle, glebe-
land.

warmed with the sun ;

sunny, warm.

, a summer-house ; also a
walk arched or covered over on
a high hill for a commodious
prospect ; also a palace, or royal
seat; gftjanan Ojl;j, the regal
house of O'Neill in Ulster.
c, a dial.

, the shortest day
in the year, mid-winter.
, blackberries.
, to dry in the sun.
, the solstice.
, an impediment.
3/rjb, dirt, filth.
3>tjb, a manger.

jb, the feathers about the feet of
hens, pigeons, &c.
b, a griffin; sometimes figura-
tively spoken of a fierce warrior ;
g;i;b-;ngneac, a griffin ; it is
also written g^vjoro.
e<xc, a hunting-nag.
i, war, battle.

t, a covert made of hur-
dles, used in sieges, a kind of a
rude penthouse.

l, valiant, martial, brave.
m a pedlar, a broker.
;n, a piece, or morsel.
, workmanlike, artificial.
, a fort, or garrison.
, a beard.

, neat, clean ; also decency.
» genit. of j^e<xnn, love, face-
tiousness.

260

3° S^nn' seriously, delibe-
rately, profoundly, to the bot-
tom, i, e. 30 g;te<xn ; r/rf. j^e^n.
3;tjnneac, a young man.
3/tjnneab, to die, to perish.
3;ijnne<xt and j^jnn;ol, the bot-
tom of the sea or river ; j^jnojot
n<x m<x^<x, the bottom or the sand
of the sea.

, closeness.
, a constellation.
, to strike or slap.

, a herald, one that
proclaims war or peace.

°m-c<X;tbab, an armed chariot ;
the currus falcatus of the Bri-
tons.

;6ti), a man's nail, a claw or ta-
lon; 5^;6m pa./ttxx;n, a crab's
claw.

ma; j;l, a slight motion ; Lat.
motiuncula.

c, hawk-nosed.

sunny, wann-
ed with the sun.

vjongal and j^jonj^lacjb, care,
assiduity, sorrow.

c, industrious, careful.
, the herb turnsol.
and j^Jonacb, the
warmth of the sun, sunrising.
c, embers, or hot ashes ;

, an encouragement, an in-
citement.

t;o^-<xb and j^tjo^cim, to whet, to
encourage, to provoke, or stir
on ; also to rake up fire.

-jtujtnjm, to grow red, to co-
lour up, or be ruddy ; bo jftjo/"-
^Ujtn;^ <x I;, his complexion
grew red.

t;o/~ta, stirred, moved, provoked.
t;op^ab and 5;t;o^a;j;m, to
kindle, to grow hot; bo jn;o-

jj <x jrea/ijjhis anger grew hot.
, the sun.

, fire ; also pimples, blotches,
or pustules appearing on the skin

from the heat of blood.

, broiled meat.
t, knowledge, skill.
ta;l, the noise or grunting of

young pigs.
3/iJted.c, learned, wise, discreet,

prudent.

3ft jun, a hedge-hog.
3/iob, smart ; also proud.
3^ob, the foam.
3ftob, 50 5/tob, soon, quickly.
3/ioban, a boat.
3fiob-;<x/ta;nn, an iron bar, an iron

crow.
3/iog, or £;i u<xj, the hair of the

head.
3/tO;ble<xc, long-nailed, having

large talons.
3fio; j, a stud of horses, or breed

of mares ; Lat. grex, gregis ; it

is often improperly written

3/iOn, a stain or spot.
3;iont<xc, corpulent.
3;tot<xl, sand, gravel, rubble.
3/tottac, gravelly; also a gravel
pit.

on <xc, corpulent.
, the cheek.
, the hair of the head : mo

t;at:^<x, my grey hairs.
, a woman, a wife; Wei.
gureig; genit. j/tudj.
3ftu<xg<xc, a woman-giant; also a
ghost or apparition, supersti-
tiously thought to haunt certain
houses.

<xe, hairy, full of hair.
, from jfiu<xb.
, ill-humour, dissatisfaction,
sullenness.

, a sullen fellow.
and j;tu<xm<xc, obscure,
sullen, dark, cloudy, morose.
3/iu<*m<xcb, gloominess, sternness,
grimness.

o, to engraft.
, a wrinkle.

, morose; sour, fierce, cruel.
270

, weak, feeble.
, a lie, an untruth.
c, wrinkled.
, malt.

, inhospitality, churlishness.
, a cricket; Lat. grillus. .
5' a truce, or cessation of
arms.
", or go, a lie, or untruth.

, a light, giddy, fantastical, or
whimsical fellow, an unsettled,
capricious person; its diminut.
is 5u<x;5p ; the Welsh have
guag eilyn and guag-ysprid for
a phantasm or whim.
3u<J-jU;;z;e, a companion.
3f <x;/ibeajn, a whirlwind.
3"^;/te, noble, excellent, great ;
hence guajfie was the proper
names of some Irish princes.
3"<V7fie, the hair of the head ; also

the edge, or point of a thing.
3uu;^, danger ; jua^-bea/ic<xc,
enterprizing, adventurous.

a coal, also fire; ppi nac-
jraUan gnu;^ j:/i; ^ucxl, men
whose complexions are altered
by coal, (fires.)

and gualann, a shoulder,
and jola, gluttony.
n, a firebrand.
c, light, active,
and jua;^, peril, hazard ; <x
<n;, in jeopardy.

, danger; also an adven-
ture.

3"^/*<xcb<xc, dangerous, dreadful ;
also painful; cne<xb jua^-<xcb<xc,
a painful wound ; a common ex-
pression in old parchments which
treat of medicine.
3uba, mourning; jol-jdj/t <X£U/-
gub, crying and wailing ; also
complaint, lamentation.
3"ba, a battle, or conflict.
3«btac, mourning, sorrowful.
3"ba;im, pro gujbjm, to pray.

, a study, or school-house ;
also an armory.

u

, studious, assidious.
, false testimony ; ba

no. pxjajfit <xj
b jujru/tjojll _<xn<xj j Joya,
beo; j bo be<xc<xb<x;t ba ju-
jjlle, the high priests sought
false witnesses against Jesus, at
length two false witnesses ap-
peared. — L, B.

^A/tnajj, the clucking of a hen;
gujajl and jujollajj, the same.
ojri, a governor.
i. e. Saj^n, England.
Jbe, a prayer, entreaty, or inter-
cession; noo jujbe cum £)e <Xft
<x fOn, my prayers to God for
them.

, to pray, to beseech, to en-
treat; bo jujb fe, he prayed;
ju;b;m tu, I pray thee.

, to weep, to cry, to bewail.
ne, calumny.
neac, calumnious.

, to calumniate, to re-
proach.

, a holy relic ; jon<x
mjonn<x;B <XTU^ <x mb<xc<
with their holy relics and crosiers.
ap, a pillory.

, to prick, sting, or wound.
a scar.

, a little scar.

Loc %ujfi, a lake in the
County of Limerick.
pJf)*, to exulcerate.
, a spot, a blain, or wheal, a
pimgle.

, blueness ; also more blue.
acb, blueness.
, a gurnard.
, leaky, full of chinks.
, a stocking.

> to flow; hence 5<\)/-e, a
stream ; Al. caise.
, a gutter.

denial, refusal ; <xb ju;-
, I refused.

, bashful.
ul, a crying out, a lamentation ;
271

also the perfect tense of the verb
gu;l;m ; as bo jut ye, he cried,
or wept.

the mouth.

narrow.
a battle.
Jun, the same as jdn, without.
3unbu;nne, a spear or javelin.
£un, a breach.

3unl<xnn, a prison, a gaol, or hold.
^unn, a prisoner, a hostage.
3unn<*, a gown ; also a gun.
3unnc<x, a prison.

, erring or straying.
, wounded, also slain ; ^e;l;T
n<x bj:e<Xft rrruntd, the burial
place of the slain or of suicides.
nta, an experienced, skilful,
prying man.
ncac, costiveness.
/i and jujftjnn, a blotch, a pim-
ple, a wheal.

/t, that; jUfi be<xnna;j pcvt-
t^ta;ce C;/te, that St. Patrick
blessed Ireland ; so that ; Gr.
•yap, and Gall, car signify for ;
Lat. enim.
/t, brave, valiant.
t, sharp.

a pallisado.

, a cave or den, a hole.
weight, or force, strength ;
bujne 5<xn ju^*, a man of no va-
lue.

to, unto, until ; guy <xn Jv;e,
to the place ; guy <x n;u j, unto
this day; guy <x m<Xft<xc, until
tomorrow; c;a ju/-, to whom.
death.
anger.

a desire or inclination.
, valid, strong, powerful.
a burden; Wei. guystil,
a pledge ; also ability.
, puddle.
, the gout. >

c, or cutr<xc, short, bob-
tailed.

a voice; <iu j^ac* jut

and behold, a voice
from heaven.

ut, a bad name for inhospitality
or incontinency ; bo pia;/t -f]

3U

jut, she was exposed.
3"tol&;be, a cuckold-maker
', confident.

REMARKS ON THE LETTER fy

f) is not admitted as a letter into the Irish alphabet, nor otherwise
employed in the Irish language than as a mere aspirate in the same man-
ner as in the Greek. The Greeks anciently used h as a letter, and not
merely as an aspirate. It was one of the characters of their most ancient
alphabets, and it is well known that they wrote Oeog with the different
letters t and h, instead of Btog, written with the single letter 0. In the
Irish language h is prefixed as a strong aspirate before words beginning
with a vowel, and having reference to objects of the female sex : as <x b<X)b,
her face ; <x bo/t, her gold. And secondly, when such words are pre-
ceded by the Irish prepositions le or fie, with, or by, which takes place
not only in ordinary words, as le 7)0ft a%Uf le b<x;/t£)0b, with gold and
silver, but also in the names of countries, principalities, and particular
clans ; as, le b'O^tu; jjb, le b'Ul<xb, with or by the people of Ossory, with
Ulidia. It is now called U<xt, from Hat, the white thorn-tree.

REMARKS ON THE LETTER ).

) is the eighth letter of the Irish alphabet, and the third of the five
vowels, of the denomination of c<xol, or small vowels. It is called Jobd,
from job<x, vulgo ;uba^t, the yew-tree ; Lat. taxus ; and is not unlike the
Heb. ', and Gr. i, as to its appellative. The Irish language admits of no
j consonant no more than the Greek ; and it seems to appear by the fol-
lowing examples, that the Latins did not use it as a distinct character ;
for they wrote, as Priscian tells us, peiius for pejus, and eiius for ejus,
&c. In our old manuscripts e and ; were written indifferently one for
another, as hath been observed in the remarks upon e. It is the preposi-
tive vowel of those diphthongs which are called n<x cu;j Jfjne, or the
five iphthongs, from ;pn, the gooseberry bush, Lat. grossularia, viz. ;a,
;<x;, ju, juj, and ;o ; of which we find iu used among the Hebrews, as
Heb. rVD, Lat. os ejus.

J, an art or science.
7, in ; j tjf , in a house.
272

) <r

J, an island ; hence ) Cbolu;m Cjile,
the island of St. Columbus ; vid.

J cf

0.01, supra.

Jac, a salmon ; jac-cnajm, the bone
of a salmon ; co pnjt an jreub a
meobon ;ac, reperitur sentis in
venire salmon is.

JacbaM, the bottom of any thing, a
foundation, the lower part ; Jac-
ban Connact, the country of
Lower Connaught in Ireland.

Jacba/t canity-, the bassus cantus
in music.

• Jacbanujje, the lowest, lower, in-
ferior.

Jacbab, a noise, or cry.

Jab, they, them.

Jabal, a disease.

Jabab, a shutting, closing, or join-
ing ; a* n;abab bo bo/ia;^, when
thou shuttest thy door ; bo frja-
bab fu&f 50 ba;njean, it was
close, shut up ; bo jababun a
nbo;/tf-e, they shut their doors.

Jabte, joined, close, shut up.

Jaj, an island.

^ann, the noddle ; Lat. occi-
put.

:eant, the west.

Ja;ft-t;teaS, an habitation.

Jail, a latchet, or thong ; plur. jal- \
laca ; jallaca a tenor a bo
raojle, to loose the latcnets of
us shoes ; jallac, a latchet, or
thong.

Jail, a flock of birds.

Jalla cnann, shoes.

Jattog leatrajn, a bat.

Jan, a weasel.

Jan, after ; ;an fjn, after that, af-
terwards.

Jan, pro ajn, at, upon.

Ja/t, or pan, back, backwards ;
also the west ; Jan-CEuman, West
Munster; on janta*, from the
west.

Jan, black, dark.

Ja/iam, afterwards, postea ; and
;anajn, idem ; also thenceforth,
again, anew, fresh.

Janan, or ;an;tann, iron ; Lat. fer-
273

rum ; Suec. tarn ; Dan. iern ;
Mont, iaain ; Wei. haiarn; and
Ann. uarn; Hisp. hierro; Cim-
brice,yara/ Goth, eisarn.

Janbeo, still in beins:-

Jan-bonn, a brownish black.

Jan-briaoj, a remnant.

Jaftpvjbe, ward, or custody ; ab
coba otan janpajbe, a patient
ought to be taken care of.

Ja/i-jrlatr, a feudatory lord, or one
depending of another greater
lord ; from ja;t, after, and jrlat,
a lord, i. e. a lord preceded by
another lord; hence the Saxon
word earl.

Jan-cculta, churlish, backward.

Ja-ijan, the groans of a dying
man.

Ja/i-jaot, the west wind.

Ja^jujl, or jangal, a battle, a skir-
mish.

Janjujleac, warlike, engaged in
battles.

Janla, an earl ; vid. eapilam.

Ja^lajt/tju^ab, a preparation.

Janmant, riches.

Ja^ma^tr, the issue or consequence
of an affair.

:, offspring.

., a pronoun; also any
particle that is not declined, as
adverb, conjunction, &c.

Ja^me;nje, matins, morning pray-
er; ;an tteact on janme^je,
after saying matins. — Annal.
Tighern. an. 1057,

Ja/tna, a chain of thread ; also con-
fusion.

Ja/tnacan, an iron tool.

Jannajbe. Irons ; plur. of ;a^t<xn,
also of, or belonging to iron.

Jannboe, a fawn.

Janoj, a weasel.

Janoj, anguish or grief.

T and ;a/trt<it:<i^, a request,
a desire, or petition.

i, to seek, to request, or

entreat, to demand or require ;

;d/t <vjft e, require it from him ;

;<Xfi/ia;m o/tt, I pray you ; jfyt/t-

pJjb 7-6 bej/ic, he shall beg

alms.
7<x/t/t<xto;/t, a beggar, or petitioner;

also a surgeon's probe.
Ja/tftatu;-, a petition, or request.

, iron ; bja;in<xjb co/i/ianca,

of barbed or hooked irons ; vid.

), after ; }&/t;~<
v, a relic, or remnant; as,

pe<xc<xb, also an incumbrance or
burden ; also a new year's gift.

Jfyt^mac, beneficent, or generous.

Ja^itajge, posterity, also descen-
dants, also domestics ; 70 bt;-
(Xja;n bo b; J^/t<xel ;ran mbab;-
I6;n mart <\on te na clojrw <xgu/~
le <x/v ja^ic<xj^e, the people of
Israel were 70 years in Babylon
together with their children and
posterity.

Ja/ttxx/i, the west country; from
ja/t, west, and tfyi, pro t;/t, a
country ; ja/ita/t 6;/v)/?n, the
west of Ireland.

Jfy-<*cb, a loan, a thing lent.

Jd;-acbajbe, a creditor.

)&r<\l<xc, easy, feasible.

Ju/"<xccxb, advantage, profit.
:• Ja^c, or jaf£, fish, fishes; pi.
and ;<jycujb ; Lat. piscis.

Jcx^cab, to fish out.

Jcxrcaj/ie, a fisherman ;
c<xj/ineac, an osprey.

Ja;"C<xj/ieacb, fishing, tlie art of
fishing ; also a fishery.

Jat, land ; pi. jCxcajb.

Jat 6 neacac, the south part of the
County of Waterford, anciently
possessed by the O'Brics.

Jtxtlu, a little feather ; i. e. e;te la

no be<xg ; also a small fin.
X Jb, a country ; also a tribe of peo-
ple.

. T6, diink you ; from )b;m, to drink.
274

)!5, you, ye; pb has the same sig-
nification.

Jbea/1, marble.

)b;m, to diink, to imbibe; bo ;b
/"e, he drank.

Jbteoic, soaking, that drinks or
takes in wet.

Jc, a cure, or remedy ; bcx lu;b )ce,
i. e. ba lu;b le;ge;^; jce, the
genit. of ;c.

Jce, is rendered balm in the Eng-
lish version of the Bible — Ezek.
27. 17.

)ce<xb and ;cjm, to heal or cure ;
jcajb tity-ca <xja^- t/iu^c<x, cu-
rabat ccecos (Lvscos,) et Le-
prosos. — S. Fiechus in Vita S.
Patricii. Also to pay for, to
make restitution.

Jceab, a healing or curing ; also a
suffering, a paying for.

Jclu^, or -jocluf, a healing by
herbs ; from ;c and lu/", an
herb.

Jc-lu/~a;m, to cure by the power of
herbs.

Jb, good, honest, just.

Jbea/t-palam, a space or distance
of time or place ; ;be<x^j:a^, the
same.

Jbe<Xfi-pot<xtri, the same.

<xjlte, the space between
the shoulders.

and ;oba/t/-, towards.
noy, a distance.

Jb, a wreath or chain, also a ridge;
it is written sometimes job.

Jb, use.

Jbo, or jobo., or joga, the yew-tree ;
also the letter ; ; vid. ;oba.

Jb;b, cold.

i, betwixt, between ; and in old ,
books jnb;;t ; Lat. inter.
^, distance.

Jb;/i-be<xl<xb, a distinction, or dif-
ference.

)b;/i-b/tear, distance.

Jb;/ie;j, the change of the moon ;
from jb;/x and eaj or

J L

} CO

the moon.

, to interpret.
t-iT)jn; jte, interpreted,
t-mjrij! jteojn, an interpreter.

7b;ft-roeobant:o;/t, a mediator ;
Cftjo^b ;b;/t-meobanto;;t ea-
bno;/?n aju^ <D;a, Christ is me-
diator between us and God.

Jbjn-fijjeacb, an interregnum.

^bjft-teonjtroj/t, an interpreter of
languages.

Jjrea;tn, hell ; and sometimes writ-
ten jppjonn and )pte;nn, is like
the Lat. infer/) inn, the ; being
equal to the Lat. in, as in S.
Fiechus Hymn, de Vita S. Pa-
tricii ; ba? ;-e blja jna j pognam,
sex annis erat in servitvte ; and
also; fjffi, in visionibus; Wei.
yfern< and Corn, //a/vz / ;jrea/tn
ana;- na bpjan nac fe;t>;;t
bjra;p7e;/-, hell is the mansion-
house of inexpressible pain.

Jjr/tjonnbc,, hellish, of or belonging
to hell.

J j, a ring.

Jl and ;le, much, many, great ; also
well.

Jt-be<x^<xc, arch; also of various
ways and humours.

Jl-ceanbac, Jack of all trades, of
various trades.

H-cecinbci; je, the same.

Jl-beolbac, well-featured or coin-
plexioned.

Jlbenndb, variation.

Jlbetxnmucxb, an emblem.

Jte, a great number of people.

Jle and ;lea^, diversity, a diffe-
rence.

Jleac, ordure, dung; senit. jljj;
cann-jt;j, a dunghill; vid. <xo;-
leae.

Jl-jnjtreac, of all sorts, diverse,
various.

c, very horrid and ugly ;
jt-j/uvjneac, an ugly hor-
rid beast or monster.

Jl-jneac, skilful.

275

Jl-j;iea/'ac, an inn or lodging,

Jt-u;b;m, to vary or alter.

, the very same people,
themselves ; Lat. illi ipsi. — Old
Parchment.

Jt-lea'dan, a tome or volume con-
taining many books.

Jl-p;<xrb and jl-pe;^r, a serpent, a
snake, an adder.

)l-^Jnce, a ball, a dance where
many dance together ; chorea.

Jl-f e<x;*am, distance.

)m, butter ; gen. jme ; <xg b;ol ;me,
selling butter.

Jm and urn, about, when it is pre-
fixed to nouns of time, as ;m <x/i
ArnfO <x ma^ac, about this time
to-morrow ; it also signifies along
with, at the head of, when pre-
fixed to other nouns ; ex. bo ca;-
n;c Co;^-beatb<vc an jm lao-
c<x;B no. m;be, Turlogh came
thither at the head of the heroes
of Meath.

7mabu jab, a multiplying ; 50 nbe-
unajb ;m aba jab, that they may
multiply.

Jma;tr;j;b, use, custom, experience.

Jmanba^, c;\ann an ;omanba;^,
the tree of transgression ; a meo-
ban laoj bo /t;<ir» itbam ;omaft-
ba/~; njl neac jan ;manba^, id
est, at noon day Adam transgress-
ed: there is no person without
a fault, or all men transgress. —
Z. B.

, strife, contention, dis-
pute ; jomaftbajb, idem; joman-
bajb Leat-cu;nn aju^ Leac-
mora. the dispute of Leac-cu;nn
and Leatr-mo ja, concerning su-
periority or excellency. — A poem
thus entitled.

, or jma; nee, plundering,
devastation, ransacking.

Jm-cejmn; j;m, to walk round.

Jmcjan and 7mce;n, and vulgarly
said ;m jgejn, far, remote, either
with respect to time or place ; as,

J 03

6 &;t jmc;<xn, a people
from a foreign country ; tranga-
m<x;;t oy t;/t ;mce;n, we came
from a remote coimtry ; <vjim;-;/i
jmc;<xn o f]n, a long time since;
<xm jmcejn ba e;^, a long time
after.

JfflcVjtl, about.
Jmc;m, to go on, to march.
JiDc;m, to force, to compel, to res-
cue.

I, protection ; ^ob ;mbe<x-
bci;t ccuj/ie, w£ s<!£ protec-
trix nostris turmis. — Brogan.
Jmbetxl, a league, or covenant.
Jmbe<x/ib<xb, a proof.
.)mbe<kjib<xb and ;mbe<x/tb<x;m, to

prove.

JiDbed/tbtcx, proved, maintained.
Jmbe<Xfi;z;<xb, a reproof.
Jnobe<x^j<xb and jmbea/igajm, to
reprove or rebuke, to reproach
or dispraise.

Jmbe<x/-iTt;<x, reviled, reproved, re-
buked; ex. lucb ;mbe<x/i2t<x, re-
yilers.

Jmb;oll, a feast.
Jmbjol, guile, deceit, fraud.
^meoictjKVj j, plough-bullocks.
Jnoeab, jealousy.
Jmecxbac, jealous.
Jme<xba;/-ie, a zealot.
Jme<xjt<xc, terrible, frightful.

1, to fear.

and ;m;ol, an edge or bor-
der, a coast; o ;noeal<x;b n<x
r)<xlb<xn, from the borders of
Scotland.

ij<x;n, a striking on all
siaes.
Jmeocoim, we will go ; ;mteoc<xb

fe, he will go ; vid. jmij j;m.
Jmpe<xbOL;n, a draught.

or ;mp;be<xc, a petitioner.
, a marble.

xj, a coupling or joining to-
gether.

Jno;leab<xb, unction.
)m;leaba;m, to anoint.
276

Jm;l;m, to lick.

Jm;/tce, vulgo jm;fi;je, a journey,

or peregrination ; 50 ne;/i je r;-

m;/ice leat, may your journey

be prosperous to you.
Jn);/tc;m, or ;m;/iceab, to remove,

or change one's dwelling.
Jm;nr>, I go ; Lat. immeo or remeo.

je, an emigration, or chang-
ing from place to place; Lat.
immigratio.

Jmle<vba/t, a tome or volume.
Jml;on, the navel.
Jml;ocan, the navel.

c tXjtbe, the name of one of
the first episcopal churches in
Munster,now called Emly, which
is of late united to the see of
Cashel. Its first bishop was
•tfjlbej who preached the Gospel
in Ireland before St. Patrick's
arrival in that kingdom.

, bordering upon a lake.
, thus.

m, to bind, tie, &c.
Jmn;be, or ;m/*n;om, care, dili-
gence.

careful, uneasy about
the success of an action ; anxious,
solicitous.

, contention, disunion.

, to yoke.

Jmp;b, a twig or rod.
Jmp;be, a prayer, petition, or sup-
plication ; ;a/t<x;m ;mp;be o/tt:, I
beseech or supplicate you ; cu;-
;t;m b;inp;be, I beseech.
Jmpjbeac, an intercessor, a peti-

tioner.

Jmp;b;m, to beseech, entreat, pray,
request ; jimp;b;m o^ic <x j\j j
rrio/t ncx njl bujte, I entreat you
the great God of all the ele-
ments.

Jmp;/ie, an emperor.
Jmpj/teacb, an empire,
Jm/ieaccu;b, it happened or fell
out.

and ;m/te<ty-£uj, dispute,

J

controversy, strife ; 4.f
jnme<X£ n<x ua;jne<x^, a pro-
verb, literally meaning that dis-
pute is better than want of so-
ciety.

Jm;te<x}-am, to strive or contest, to
contend.

Jm/te<ty-cin<3i}m, idem.

Jmrte<X;~ar)u;be, a contending per-
son, a disputant.

Jmrte;inn;£jm, to go about.

Jmrtjnn, to play, or divert.

Jro/vjro, a riding.

Jnr»^c;n, a bed-room, or closet.
, rage, fury.

a project,
i, strife, contention.
iT), heaviness, sadness.

Jmpi;om, care, diligence.

Jnty*n;omac, anxious, solicitous, un-
easy.

Jnf)/~jubta;m, to walk about, to ram-
ble.

-Jmteacb, a progress, or goin<£. a
departure; jmteacb <ut ^-lua; je
no mjtl y;nn, it was the depar-
ture of our army that ruined us.

Jmteacb, an adventure, feat, or
expedition ; px tne<xnn e n<x jno-
ceo-crajb, clarus est in suis ges-
tis.—Vid. S. Fiech. in Vit. S.
Patricii.

Jmteacbd;be, one that is departing,
the goins: man.

Jmt; j;no, to go, to march, to pro-
ceed, to depart.

Jmtne<x^cno.b, to wrestle; bo bj
<xn tajnjjol agaf Jacob <x/t r<xb
n<x bojbceaj ;mte/t<x^c>tci, (r/f/.
Leaba^t b^ieac,) the angel wres-
tled with Jacob all night.

Jmtjupx, or ;omca^<x, adventures,
feats ; rid. JOmtuf and jomtrupi.

Jn, praep. Lat. //?, and Angl. in.
This Irish preposition answering
the Latin and English in, is
always used in old manuscripts
instead of <xnn used by the mo-
dern writers to express the
277

same; Gr. EV.

Jn, fit, proper ; used always in com-
pound words, as ;n-jreabmo, fit
or capable of doing a manly ac-
tion; p-nuabcajft, marriageable,
fit to be married.

Jn<X and jnaf, than ; Lat. quam ;
used in our old manuscripts ; as,
nj bpu;l pea;* <xn 6);^nn <^f
fecirtrt ;nfy~ <xn pea/t^o jujr <x
ctanja;^-, the man you visited
is as good a man as can be
found in Ireland ; ajalldb pbatr-
trtajj <^af Cd;ltte me;c ??o-
najn.

Jnbe, quality, dignity.

Jnbeac, in place, of quality.

Jnbeac, come to perfect health.

Jnbeart, pasture.

Jnbeart, a river; Jnbean Colpca,
now the town of Drogheda,
where the river Boyne discharges
itself into the sea ; jnbean Sce;ne,
the river of Kenmare in the
County of Kerry : jnbeart n<x
mbanc, the bay of Bantry ; ;n-
beart Sla;ne, the river Slaney in
Wexford. This word should be
more properly written p-ma,n, or
jn-majta, from ;n, and nfiu;»i, or
m<Xn<x, the sea, and accordingly
signifies the mouth of a river,
where it is received into the
sea.

Jncean<x;j, that may be bought,
marketable.

)ncjnn, the brain.

J/7Crte<xc<xb, blame, reproach; ex.
roe b;nc/teo.cab trtjb, to re-
proach me for it. — P'id. Chron.
Scotorum in introitu.

Jncrte<xc<xb, gleaning or leasing
corn.

Jnc;te<Xc<xro, to consider.

Jnbeanca, lawful, practicable. —
Luke, 6. 2.

Jnbjne, a fight, or engagement.
, vendible, fit for sale.
, a court ; 50 to/t<xct<v;r) bo

1-t)

j

go /;;nbl;^ a;/iceanna;cc na
pxja/tt, till he arrived to the
court of the high priest.

c, the lining of cloth in weav-
ing.

Jneac, hospitality, generosity, good
housekeeping ; an te fjpjOf
nji> a/i gac neac, rjj bt; jean bo
be;t gan ;neac, he that desires
the favour of others, ought to be
liberal himself.

Jneact/iea/~, a fair or pattern, a
public meeting commonly called

Jnjreatam, to meditate.

marriageable, fit for a hus-

band, as jon-mna, fit for a wife ;

jon-a;/tm, fit to take arms.

, choice, election.
j, a swelling.
)n 5, is one of the negatives of the

Irish language.
Jnj, a neck of land.
Jng, force, compulsion.
Jnja;/ie, herding; ;nj<x;/ie cae-

;iac, the herding of sheep.
.Jnjea/t, a level.
Jngebte, of twins in the womb,

that which comes to perfect

birth.
Jng^jujt, consequence, or conclu-

sion.

Jng-jla;n, uncleanness, filth.
Jn-lan, dirty, filthy, unclean.

, feeding, grazing ; ;n je;ttjb

jab, feed them ; ca;t a n;ng;l-

tjn tu, where feedest thou. —

Job. 1. 14.

, or jngean, a daughter ; from

jean, like the Lat. gentium ;

and ;n per metathesin pro nj j,

which signifies a daughter; ex.

fDcx;/te nj j, or n; Comaj^, Mary,

the daughter of Thomas ; GQaj/te

n; Ob;t;a;n, Mary O'Brien, &c.
Jnj;te;m, ravening; also persecu-

ting; lucb m;n jfteama, they that

persecute me ; a/t n;

our persecutors.

278

, a carpenter or mason's line.

, an anchor. -*

, affliction, grief, sorrow.

Jnjte;b, a hook.

Jn jne, the plur. of ;onja, nails, or
talons, hooks, claws.

Jngfiejm, persecution ; as, conac an
trj pz;l;ngjOf- ;nT/te;m bo taojb
an c;/it, blessed is he who suf-
fers persecution for the sake of
justice. — Leaba/i b/teac.

Jng/iejmteac, a persecutor; pot
jnj/tejmteac na beajla;^e,
Paul, the persecutor of the
church.

)n;ata/t, or jnujtea^i, a bowel or
entrail.

)n;b, Shrovetide; Wei. ynid.

Jn;be, or jnnjbe, the bowels or en-
trails; Lat. interiora.

to feed, to graze; vid.

, weakness, feebleness.
ln)f, an island ; Lat. insula; plur.

an ;nnpb G0a/-ia Uo/t-

Z.S Maris Tyrrheni mansit,
ut memoratur ; ]njf na bjrjob-
bu;be, Insula Sylvatica, an old
name of Ireland.

Jnjf, Ennis, chief town of the
County of Clare.

Jn;^-cealt/iac, an island of pil-
grimage in Loc <De;/tgea/tt:.

)n;/~"Cata, an island in the river
Shannon.

Jn;^-Cojana;n, Innishannon, a mar-
ket-town between Bandon and
Kinsale in the County of Cork.

)n;/"-beaj, an island near Balti-
more in the County of Cork.

jn, Sherky island be-
tween Baltimore and Cape Clear
in Carbury.

, on the river Feil in the
County of Kerry; also a large
island in the river Shannon,
where there is a famous monas-
tery, built by £>o/jog Ca;/ib/teac

) M

0'6ft;en, king of Limerick and
Thomond.

J/7j^-caort<xc, an island in the sea,
near <Tojb Oftjc&n, in the west
of the County of Clare.
1njf-bo-pjnne, an island in the sea,
in the west of the County of
Mayo.

a garden ; jnnfjn ^ug-
flOjleabd <vn 6;;i; j )of& leo
i. e. ar <xn

cujje u;te laaj no. njubuj j-
eac, (Le<xb<x-t bneac.) then the
soldiers of the Tetrarch convey-
ed Jesus out of the garden,
whereupon the entire multitude
of the Jewish people assembled
about him.

Jnjte, edible, fit to be eaten.

Jnleab, and ;nljm, to make ready,
to prepare ; bo 7);nle<xb <x ca;t-
bab bo, his chariot was made
ready for him ; also to dispose,
to set in order, to put in array ;
bo bjnleab <J.n j<x bujtj, the
Belgian dart was set in order ;
also to contrive or project; bo
bjnleab ce<xlj, an ambush was
laicl; b;njlt fe ;ntlecuib, he set j
his wits to work ; also to flourish
or brandish ; as, <J.g jnjollu j
<x <xbA^c, brandishing his horn.

Jnme, an estate, or patrimony ; also
land.

Jnriiearba, commendable.

Jnme6b<xncic, mean, moderate, also
inward ; 50 bjnmeob<xn<xc, O£Uf
50 po^;ni;ot<xc, inwardly and
outwardly.

Jnmeobantx^, temperance.

Jnmujo, affable, courteous, loving.

^nmjonna., desirable.

)nn, us, we; like

)nn, or <xnn, therein.

)nn, a wave.

Jnne, a bowel, or entrail ; plur.
njbe.

c, the woof.

279

3

J/ine<xl, restraint.

Jnneatl, service, attendance.

, or jnnjoll, mien, carriage,
or deportment ; also a state or
condition; also the order or dis-
position of a thing; also dress
or attire ; ex. ;nne<xt t; je Co;^-
bealb<x; j, the order of Turlogh's
house ; jnnjolt tr^obo. c<xtrajb
Cujnn, the militar\~ order of the
troops of Conn ; ;nn;olt <xgu;~
edjco^j na mna, the dress and
visage of the lady, or her gait
and visage ; nedc <ut jnn;ll. one
who is well prepared.

T), increase, augmentation.

)nne;b;nf), to tell, to certify.

Jnneo/n, an anvil ; it is sometimes
given as an epithet to a brave
soldier or patriot, whom no dan-
ger or difficult)7 can deter from
maintaining an honourable cause,
ex. jnneojn Cogdjb Cnjce-jraji,
Ireland's brave defender ; Wei.
e'mnion, and Com. aniian, sig-
nify an anvil. i<>vC**»|

Jnneojo, the middle of a pool or
pond of water.

Jnneojn, in spite of; barn jnneo;/?,
in spite of me. It is mostly
written <x;ifibe6;n, and pronounc-
ed ;nneo;n. _ It may be properly
written jng-be6;n, from the ne-
gative ;ng and beojn, qd. rid.

Jnneonam, to strike or stamp.

Jnnpe<xc<x;m, to think, to design, or
intend.

Jnnjl and ;nn;ott;a, apt, prone to,
ready, active.

Jnnji, a gin or snare : also an in-
strument ; jnn;l, or ;nne<xt c;u;l,
a musical instrument.

Jnnjle, cattle.

)nn;ll, a fort or garrison ; as, j\5
T-eajajb jnnjll, they besieged
the garrison.

Jnnjltr, a handmaid.

, distress, misery, &c.

and nnm to say, to

J

o

to tell, to relate ; bjnnj;- f e, he
said ; c;<x tojnn;/* bu;t, who told
you of it ? jnnfte, told, related.

Jnnjub, a telling or relating.

Innijf, a candle ; <xb<xn jnnljf, the
lighting of a candle.

Jnnme, danger. — Zw&e, 5. 7.

, to kill or destroy; 50
peab<x/t an e jnOfi-
x <xju^ <x bd/~ bo c;n-
jreab <xn ^xxga/tt, no <xn e <x le;-
£;on <v/~ 5<xn <x irxxU<x;;tc, Z. B. ;
i. e. that Peter may know whe-
ther the priest would resolve
upon the death and murder of
Jesus, or rather on setting him
at liberty without any further
question. This word jno/tcab,
to kill or murder, and jno^c<vjn,
murder, have a great affinity with
the Lat. orcus, as these words
are compounds of ;n, fit for, and
and o/ic<x;n.
, to be sold, vendible.
, a pudding.

J/}/I;OIT), i. e. tjn^geabal, prepara-
tion.

1r>fce, a sign or omen.

Jfl^ce, or yrtfcne, a speech ; also a
gender, as rjji-jn^cne, the mas-
culine gender; and bejn-jn^cne,
the feminine gender; also the
termination ea in verbs of the
second person of the conjunctive
mood, as, bo cjpe<\, ba mbua;l-
jrea, &c.

JnfCG, a battle, or fierce assault.

Jnnte, in her, in it, therein ; ;nnte
j:e;n, in itself.

Jnnte, a nut-kernel.

Jnntedc, a way or road.

Inntjle, a budget, bag, or wallet, a
satchel.

Inntjnn, the mind, will, or plea-
sure; 4f mjnfjnn jre;n, out of
my own mind.

Jnntrjnneac: and jntr/rmecxma;!,
high-minded, sprightly, also sen-
sible, also hearty, jolly, merry.
280

Jnnt-l;om, treasure.
Jnntijomca, a treasury.
Jrifjoljol, passable.
Jnte and ^nnte, therein.
Jncleacb, ingenuity.
Jntleacbdc and

ingenious, witty, sagacious, sub-

tle, artificial.
Jnt/tu<xj, miserable, to be pitied,

poor ; ba;c; j ;nt/iuo.; j, rustico

egcnti.

Jobab, death.
)oc, payment ; ;6c e;;tce, eiric, ot

kindred money ; ;oc ^la;nce,

balm, salve; vid, jc, gen. jce.
Jocdjbe, a tenant, or farmer; ;o-

c<xo;, zWe;w.
^ocam, to pay ; also to suffer or

endure ; also to heal, cure, &c.
1oc&f, payment ; jocuo;, a tenant.
Jocb, clemency, humanity, confi-

dence, good nature.
Jocb, children.
Jocbcx/t, the bottom; but <in ;oc-

bdft, to sink.
Jocba^ac, lower; t;/t Jocba/^cxc,

the Netherlands ; also lowest.
locluf, a healing by herbs ; com-

pounded of joc<xm, to heal, and

luf, an herb.

Joclu/-<x)m, to cure by herbs.
c, an Italian.
fi, an interjection.
m, area, a court-yard.
a, the space between the

eyebrows.

, towards.
Joba/tt<xmcxl, a distance.
Job, the cramp, or any sort of

pain.

Job, a chain, or collar.
Job-mo/iu;n, a collar or neck-chain,

so called from the judge, Mo ran,

who wore it.
Job<x, the yew-tree : it is pronounc-

ed ;0j<x, and is the name of the

letter J ; Heb. >, and Gr. t.
Jobdt, an idol.
Jobal<xcb, idolatry.

J 0

j o

Jobal-ab/tab, idol-worship.

Joban, sincere, pure, clean, un-
defiled; hence e;y-;0ban, sig-
nifies polluted, defiled ; 6 j ;o-
ba;n, a chaste or virtuous virgin ;
<x;/t alto;;t joba;n, on the pure
and clean altar.

Jobona, pangs or torments.

Jobatr, diet.

Jobbaj/tt, an offering or sacrifice.

Job&ejjtjTO, to offer; Jobbuft tu,
offer thou ; bo ;obb^<xb<Xfi, they
sacrificed ; ;obb^<xjm, idem.

Joblan, a leap, or skipping.

Joblanab, a dancing, or skipping.

jobna, a spear or lance.

Jobna, protection, safeguard.

Jobnac, valiant, warlike, martial.

Jobnajbe, a staying or dwelling.

Jobon and eabon, to wit, id. est,
pitta, or utpote, seu videlicet.

Jogan, a bird's craw.

Jo jajle, the pylorus, or lower ori-
fice of the stomach.

Jo jtacta, tractable.

;ojl<vjt/t; jeab, to consume ; no
£Uft b;ojta;t;i;jeab an ujle
•j;e;nealac, until all the genera-
tion was consumed. — Numb. 32.
13.

Jogfta^, uprightness.

Joldc, mirth, merriment.

Jolo.6, loss, damage.

JolajdU, a dialogue.

Mam and ;ol<x^<x;m, to van-, to
change.

)ol<xn, sincere.

Jolo.fi, an eagle ; jokift t;mcjotl<xc,
and pt<x/i jfieo-^c, a gier-
eagle: f)ol<xft is the radical
word, but when its initial p is
aspirated it is pronounced jo-
l<X;t.

Jola^t and ;ot<x^ib<x^, variety, diver-
sity.

Jol<x/t, much, plent)-.

Jola^iba, diverse, various, of ano-
ther sort.

c, victorious, all-conquer-
281

ing, triumphant.

Jolcftocac, comely, well-featured ;
also inconstant, various.

Jolbanac, ingenious.

Jolbacac, of diverse colours.

Jolbam^a, a ball, or a dance where
many dance together.

, or ;ol-jut, various tongues;
<xn ;olj<x;b, with various
tongues.

Jotmaojn;b, goods and chattels in
abundance.

Jolmobac, manifold, various. ^

Jot/tab, plur. u;m;^ ;ot^<x;b, the
plural number.

JoltOficoLj-, variance, debate.

Jom<xb, much, plenty, a multitude.

Jom<xbac and ;omab<xir)ajl, nume-
rous, infinite.

Jomo.bamlo.cb, a multitude, abun-
dance.

Jomaball, guilt, sin, iniquity.

Jomagall, a dialogue.

Jomagallajm, counsel, advice.

Joma;b and pmab, envy.

Joma; j, a border.

Joma;^, champaign ground.

Joma; j, an image.

Joma;^eab, imagination.

Jom a; Ue, together: sometimes writ-
ten jmmajlle ; Lat. simul.

Jomajnjm, to toss, whirl, &c. ; jo-
manj:u;b ye "cu, he will toss
thee ; also to drive.

Joma;^;be, decent, becoming, fit,
proper.

Jomajftgjbeacb, decency.

Joma;c;m, to check; nj jomajtbe-
tu, thou shalt not rebuke.
, the centre.
, a proverb.
, a lie, an untruth,
jb, a debate, or contro-
versy.

Jomaftbajbe, comparison.

Joma/ibay, sin, banishment ; ;o-
maribay <fba;m, the banishment
of Adam out of Paradise.

)oma^c, a ridge.

2N

J 0

J 0

Joma/tc<xc, superfluous, abundant;

jo bjom<x/ic<xc, exceedingly, too

much. e
Jom<Xfic<xb, abundance, superfluity;

also arrogance.
Jom<Xficu/i, rowing, steering with

oars; jreaft ;om<Xjtcu;t, a rower.
Jomo.ftcu/1, tumbling, wallowing.
Jom<ty-cjt<xb, an inn, or lodging,
Jomb<xt, the adjoining sea, or sea

encompassing an island.
Jombabtxb, an overwhelming; also

to swoon, or fall into a swoon ;

bo J5J mo ^p;o/i<xb <x/i na ;omb&-

t<xb, defecit spiritus.
Jombua;l;m,to hurt, to strike sound-

, a looking or observing.

, a question.

ctXfimat, a tribute, custom, toll,
&c.

)om-cto;bme(Xb, sword-fighting.
Jom-clo;bmeoj/"i, a sword's man, a

fencing-master.

Jomcoma/ic, a petition, or request.
Jomcoma/ic, a present, gift, or fa-

vour.

Jomcomrxx/it, strong, able.
Jomcom/iaj, a thesis : otherwise

Jomc/ia;m, or ;ompc/i<i;m, to bear
or carry, to deport or behave, to
endure; b;omc;t<x/* roe jrejn, I
behaved myself.

Jomcfiog, a woman-porter.

Jomcub<x;b, meet, proper, decent,
also modest ; ma/t af ;omcubu;b,
as it is meet.

Jomba, a bed or couch; ^uf
fljuca. me m;omb<x /tern be^fiajb,
e^ lachrymis stratum meum ri-
gabo.

Jomba, much, many, numerous.

Jomb<x, a shoulder.

)ombo/t<x^, the lintel of a door.

7omb/i<u>5, a drawing to.

^ompo/ta;l, superfluity, excess, ex-
travagance.

ian, a battle, or skirmish.
282

an, a comparson.

Jomjrojc'etxb, a bawling or crying
out.

Jomj:o;cjm, to cry out, to bawl, to
squall.

Jomjrutanj, patience, long suffer-
ing,

JomTfl.b&;l, erring or straying, shun-
ning or avoiding; also to take
or reduce.

Jom ju;m, a battle.

Jom ju;n, pangs, agony.

Jom<xb, envy.

, knowledge, judgment, eru-
dition.

, maturity, perfection.

Jomlci;ne<xct;, a supply, a filling
up, an accomplishment.

Jomldjteab, a rolling, turning, or
winding.

Jomlat, gesture.

Jomlat, exchange ; <xj jomtat <x
b/t<Xjt, exchanging his clothes;
;omlao;b, idem.

)omlaab<x;m, to talk much.

Jomluag<x;l, wandering, straying
away.

Jomne and jmne, as this, thus.

Jomo;ll and ;omco;;tne<xt<xc, full of
corners, polygonal; ;omco;/tne-
Oic, the same.

)omolto;fi, an altar.

JomOft, (prop.) between ; Lat. in-
ter.

Jomo/-«xc, jmmeal, a border.

,Jomo/t<xnn, a comparison.

.7om<x/ibab, a controversy, contest,
or contention.

JomO|tb<xb, a reproach ; also expos-
tulation.

Jomo;fte<x^c<x/< and ;omo;/tea^cu-
;ta;l, (vulgo )0mo/t<x^c<x;t,) a
wrestling, or throwing down each
other.

Jomo/i/io, or umo/t/io, commonly
written uo and 00 in old manu-
scripts, often serves more for or-
nament than use in the speech,
and is an expletive; it is some-

0

times rendered by the Latin con-
junction rerousedin transitions;
ex. Cn;o;~ba; jre lucb na Cata-
jtac, Dcijanujje ;omo^^io <xn
lucb e;le, the citizens were
Christians, and the rest were
Pagans ; cives Christiani fue-
rt'ttf, alii vero Pagani.

Jon)0fita;b, a comparison.

Jompojjeab, a turning, rolling;
also a reeling or staggering.

Jompo; jjm, to turn, or roll, to reel,
&c.

Jompo; jte, turned, rolled.

Jompoll, an error.

Jom/tab, fame, report; also abun-
dance, plenty, multitude.

Jom;tabab, thinking, musing.

Jom^ajbeac and ;omfiu;t:e<xc, re-
nowned, famous, eminent.

)om/ia;beab, to move or stir, to
put in motion.

Jom/ia;b;m, to publish, or divulge,
to report ; also to repeat.

Joro/tam and jomftaroab, a rowing,
or plying to oars.

Joro/uxrTKVjro, to row; ag jom/tamab,
rowing.

Jom/iaiT)<x;be, a rower.

Jom/ioUab and ;om/iuUa;m, to go
off or away, to depart, to err, or
stray.

Jomftuilab, a going or setting off, a
departing.

gab, an invasion, a routing
away.

to invade, to rout
away, to disperse.

, an invader,
assign, or appoint.
, superfluity, excess.

Jomta, or jpnotac, envious.

Jomt<x;ne<xb, a digression.

Jomtaj^eaj, a getting or finding.
Jomtnut^zeal, also envy; bu^t n;-

omtnuco. f-o, your zeal.
Jomtnutojp, a zealous lover.

Jomco;ne<xb, or ;omto;njub, a di-
gression ; also a year.
283

Jomtolca;m, free, voluntarily.

Jomtrocojb, wisdom, prudence.

Jomtuf, departure, or going off;
la <x ;omcu^a, the clay of his de-
parture or death.

, adventures, feats.
a, in the Irish language is
much the same with bala, and
signifies as to, as for, with re-
gard to ; Lat. quod atlinet ad,
&c. ; ex. ;omcu^<x <xn ^lu<x j
mu;mneac, with regard to the
Munster troops, but as to the
Munster forces.

Jon, in compound words betokens
meetness, fitness, maturity, &c. ;
as, ;on-a;/tm, fit to bear arms;
jon-^gfijobto., worth writing ;
jon-p)]\ and jon-mna, marriage-
able.
, whereof, in which.

, a place or room ; pedft
;ona;b, a lieutenant, a vice-
gerent.

, the privity of a man or
woman ; and a most decent word
for the same.

Jond.i7KXjl, as, alike, equal, well-
matched.

, equal, alike, of the same
length and breadth.

, a kind of mantle; ;on<ift
7~/t6jl, a satin mantle.

Jon a/i, whither.

Jonaftao and jona/iajm, to clothe.

Jona/ibab or jona/tbab, banishment,
exile, expulsion, a thrusting or
turning out.

Jona/tbab and jona/tbajm, to ba-
nish, to expel, to exile, thrust
forth.

Jona/ibra, banished, exiled.

Jonanbjfibejl, a sluice or flood-
gate.

Jonbajb, or ;onbub, the time or
term of a woman's bearing; as,
trap;5 ;onbu;b Clj^abec; bean
<x nbej^e b;onbu;b, a woman to-
wards the end of bearing time,

0

o

i. e. that will be soon delivered;
it is pronounced jonob.

Jonbolgdb, a filling ; also a swell-
ing or extention.
, to fill.
, usury, interest.

Jonc<xroo;/i, an usurer.

Joocojbce, saleable.

.7oncoln<xb, incarnation ; joncotrxxb
ci/t ^I&n<x;gt:e5;i<x, the incarna-
tion of our Saviour; bo jre<x-
fu] je<xb joncolnxxb Cb/tjo^b bu-
;nn tfie te<xctA;ne<xct <xn <x;n-
gjl, the incarnation of Christ
was manifested to us by an an-
gel.

Joncotn<xj jte, incarnate.

Joncollnu jab, the incarnation, the
becoming incarnate.

Joncotlnujab and joncoUnajm, to
become incarnate, to be made
flesh ; &&Uf" bo bjoncotlnab <xn

et verbum caro factum est et
habitavit in nobis.
loncowmif, comparable.
Jonccyg, instruction, doctrine.
)oncOfj<x;m, to teach.
;/!, a teacher.
l, an excrement.
b, a bowel or entrail.
Joncui/i, capable, comparable.
Jon-bujle, desirable.
Jon-bu;le<xiTKXjl, the same.
Jonbuf , so that ; jonbu^ 50, or

jonbu^ ju/i, so that.
lon-pojnn, desirable.
1on-pO)\i\an, a skirmish or battle.

tx, a nail, a hoof; jongd, ejn,
a bird's claw; pnj<x m<xct;/ie, a
wolf's claw ; jongcx, or c/tub e;c,
a horse's hoof.

nj<xba;l, circumspection, pru-
dence.

ngabajl, management, conduct,
or regulation ; to manage, con-
duct, guide, lead, regulate, also
managing, conducting; mp/t jon-
i; j : ;b;/t
284

la;/t : jto boc<X);t e , r „
the conducting a king is an im-
portant task: between the ex-
tremes of impetuosity and weak-
ness : his person must be always
preserved : hence it becomes
most difficult to direct him.
ngcxbajl, to attack, also to sub-
ject or reduce ; ex. 30 mo px;be
<x y<xoT<xl o. njonjabdjt, that
they would live the longer for
attacking them.

njab^ia^, without question, doubt-
less.

ridiculous.

..o j, wonderful, surprising,

extraordinary, strange; n;b jon-
gantoic, a wonder, or miracle.
rrzantaf, a wonder, or surprise,
a miracle.

, gesture.

, unclean ; from the negat.
^ and gl<xn.
Jon ju;jt, matter.

Jonju;;ijro, to keep cattle, to act
the herdsman or shepherd; also
to feed, to browze.
Jonjfldb and ;onjft<xb, a wonder,
an astonishment; bob
he wondered,
the dead.

i, washing ; <XT }0nt<xb 0
ba; je, washing his clothes.
Jonla; jce, washed.
Jonl<x; jceo;/<, a washer ; also an

accuser, informer, or adversary.
Jor>t<x;m, to wash.
Jont<xt, a washing; <x njOnl<xt<xjb

,, in diverse washings,
heaviness, fatigue,
ridiculous.

v , treasure.

Jon-molcoi, commendable, praise-
worthy.

Jonmujn, kind, loving, courteous;
Gal. debonnair; <x u<x^a;l ;on-
mu;n, or ;to-;onniu;n, most loving
or beloved sir.

eu-

; o

fonn, the head; 6 ;onn 50 bonn,

from top to toe.

Jonn<icl<xnn, protection, defence,
safeguard; also satisfaction, or
amends for an injury.
Jonnab, in thee, in you, i. e. ;onn
tu; ;onn<xm, in me, i. e. ;onn
me; jonujnn, in us, i. e. ;onn
jnn, or f")nn, &c.

Jonn<x;t, wash ; jonn<x;t baj<V)b,
wash thy face ; bo jqnna.1 fe, he
washed, or bjonnlajb fe, idem.
Jonn<vj/ie<xcb, a gift, or present.
Jonnan, the same, alike, one of the

same.

Jonn<x/i<xb, a hire, or wages, a re-
ward.

Jonn<x/", therefore, thereupon.
Jonncu;/ie<xb, grafting.

", negligence.

,c, blame, or finding fault,
accusation.

JonnldJ jjm, to accuse.
Jonnl<xj jteojft, an adversary.
Jonnlat, washing, cleansing.
Jonnogbajt, sprightliness.
Jon/KXjc, or ;on^tu;c, continent,
chaste, honest, faithful ; 6 j ;on-
/t<x;c, virgo fidelis.
Jonftac<xr, chastity, continency, fide-

lity. '

Jon^i<xb, to ruin, hurt, or damage ;
also devastation, spoiling, plun-
dering.

xb<xc, laying waste, plunder-
ing.

yj, a word,
i, grief, sorrow,
ic, sorrowful, fatal,
njbe, or jonn^ujbe, an ap-
proaching to ; ex. ;onn^<x;ie
cu;pp <xn C;<x»tn<x, the approach-
ing to the Eucharist ; also visit-
ing or visitation ; ex. jonnpijTe
mu;/te 50 St. Ctjpxbet:, the vi-
sitation of the blessed Virgin to
St. Elizabeth ; ;onn^u;be jOb'cxt-
t)t<vjcc pop ciejp- Ul<X)b, the
visitation of St. Patrick to the
285

0

clergy of Ulster ; also an attack
or assault, a surprise.
nnj-<x;b;iD, to approach or come
to ; also to attack.

, an aggressor.
, such, like.

a looseness of the
skin.

, unawares.

, long ; clojbeam jonnt-
, a long sword.

Jonnt6b<xjm, to roll, to turn, to
tumble, or wallow, to wind;
bjonnt<x; j <Xft;7", he returned.

Jonnuf, that ; jonnuf 50, so that.

Jon/i<xc, a tent for a wound.

Jonp&cuf, fidelity, righteousness,
continence.

Jonpan and ;on^<xndb, an account
or reckoning.

Jon/-<xm<Vjt, like, comparable.

Jon^amala, idem.

JonfOpcu-go.i), illuminating, en-
lightening.

Jon/"C/t<x;nienc, an instrument.

lonfuj je and jon^u;ie<xb, an inva-
sion, sudden assault, or attack ;
;on^u;be majbne tuj<xb <x;/t
€650.0 006/t /te Conn jonn<\ tecx-
ba;b, Conn of the 100 battles
surprised Eogan Mor in his bed
early in the morning and mur-
dered him.

Jontojojm, to slight, scorn, dis-
dain ; also to turn, drive, or
keep away.

, or e<x/t-batt, the tail or
rump; from e<X;^, the end or
extremity of any thing, and b<vtl,
a limb or part.

c, bad, evil, naughty ; u/t-
co;be<xc, idem, qd. vid.

JOftcoj^e, posterity.

Jo;tbalt<x, certain, sure, continual.

Jo^iju;l, or j<x/tj<x;l, a skiiinish,
scuffle, battle, or uproar.

Jo/t ju;/-, a prayer or intercession.
, a cellar, buttery, larder.
, a hasp ; or spindle of yarn.

n

or

~, the dropsy.
)0ji;i-t;o.o;^e<xc, the captain of the
rere guard.

x, triarii.

", down ; <xn ;o/~, up ;
jOf, up and down.
<k, Jesus, the name of our Sa-
viour in the Irish language, as
nearly as it can be adapted to
the Hebrew: for our language
having no j consonant, or > in it,
which is the same in the Greek,
cannot as fully express it as the
Latins, who say Jesus, when the
Irish say Jopa., and the Greeks
ITJO-OVC, all from the Heb. yt#>,
Salvator vel Salus, quod ipse sal-
vum facer et populum suum a
peccatis ipsorum, uti aitangelus.
— Vid. Sluna;jteo;;i.
J<ty-<xb and ;o^<xm, to eat.
Jopxb, an eating.

Jo»"c<xb, the ham, or ham-string ;
t>o jea^/t f& ;cycaba <x ne;c,
he houghed their horses.

a, a house, an habitation ;
jo^-ba n<x mboct, the poor-house ;
rla;t-;o^b<x, a chieftain's house,
a palace.
ti&n, a cottage ; the diminut. of

or pej^bjcy, entertain-
ment, accommodation.
ajl, convenient, meet.

, a storehouse, larder, a
buttery.

Jofoj-pe, hyssop.
Jota and jotan, thirst.
Jot, corn.

Jotc/iujn; j;m, to purvey or forage.
Joc-l<xnn, a granary, or repository

for corn, a barn.
Jot-lo/-£<xb, a blasting of corn.
Jot-fio^, cockle.
JottTxXfi, thirsty, dry.
)pjn, the gooseberry-tree ; also the

name of the diphthong ;o, &c.
)/t, anger ; Lat. ira, and \Vel.
iredh, Angl. ire.

286

J/1, a satire, or lampoon ; vid.

J/ic;lt, the side-post of a door.

, scarcity, want ; J/tc/i<x <x^iajn,
scarcity of bread.

, an answer or reply ; also sa-
lutation, greeting ; njop. c'ujpt f?-.
;/i;<vl o/im, he did not so much
as speak to me.

n, a field ; also land, ground.
, a curse, or malediction, also
blame, anger; j/ij/te t)e, the
curse of God.

, brass; nj ^<x;n j^jf <y^uf
, gold and brass are not
alike ; <xpty*t, i. e. 5;t.
, a friend, a lover.
, a law ; also faith, religion.
, an assignation, or appoint-
ment for meeting.

, a description, discovery ; also
a record or chronicle ; as, jfijf
clo^nne u; OObaojl-Cbona^-ie, the
historical and chronological re-
cords of the Mulconnerys ; plur.

, records, annals.
, an era or epoch; hence lea-

, a chronology.
, a present.

, just, judicious, equitable;
j:e<x/t -jftfeac ejfjon bo bej-

bo

c Cjnedt: A^U^ ba ua bon
c -cTb/iam e oi/t y;ab, i. e.
lie is a just man who passed true
judgments, and makes peace be-
tween every tribe and kindred :
also, he was the heir of the just
Abram, say they ; that is, he
possessed Abram's equity and
justice. — L. B.
\1ic, lawful.

i, a diary, a day-book.
Jjvty-ne<x/itu j<xb, a confirmation.
Jftfi, an end or conclusion.
J;t;i-pt:be, the commander ^ of the
rere-guard ; ;^^ic/ieo/iu;be, the
same.

U

tyt, death.

If, a copulative like azuf, and ;
beo jf ma/tb, dead and alive.

If, am, is ; jf mjfe, I am ; -jf tu,
you are ; jf fe, he is ; jf jab,
they are.

Jf, under ; jf neallu;b, under
clouds.

Jj"a, or joyxx, but sometimes written
f&, whose, whereof; as, C^JQfc
]f& jrujl bo pu&j-gajl jnn, Christ
whose blood redeemed us. It
is never used in asking a ques-
tion ; as, whose blood redeemed
us ? which is rendered, c;a

pu;l

jnn . e.

who is

he, whose blood redeemed us '?

J^ea/-, doubt.

Jyj, she, herself.

Ifjol, or jyeat, low; 67- J^jol,
softly, privately ; 6^ a/tb <xju^
67" jfeal, publicly and privately.

);~le, lower, inferior, lowest.

Jflju jab, humiliation ; and ;yl;-
jjm, to humble, to make low;
Tyijb yjb pe;n, submit your-
selves ; J^-leoca(rt cu^a, thou shalt
be humbled.

J^fiaetba, of or belonging to the
Israelites; <xn popal J^/taetba,
the Israelitish people.

JffiL, in that ; jf f& na;c, in that
place.

Jce, a feather, or wins, a fin.

Jce, in like manner; Lat. item;
also, to wit, videlicet; ex. jte
na c;o^a bo luabma;/i fu&f, I
mean, or that is to say, the rents
above-mentioned.

Jtce, a petition, favour, or request ;
ex. ^ac jtce jfOjwce&f b;a/t-
^ia.b : <x ca <x b;a/i;tab ^an pa;-
bj^i : abftac ; fO 50 ro;njc : jjbe
le p^tcea^t <x;^e; i. e. every
petition which is fit to be called
for is made in the pater, and
therefore let all those who be-
seech any favour repeat it often ;
.also a prayer; ex. non
287

perducant nos

sanctns ejus preces ad regnum
coeleste liber at os a pcenis. —
Broganus in Vit. S. Brigidse.

Jc, corn; Wei. yd, Cor. iz, and
Gr. orroc.

Jceab and jt;m, to eat; b;c fe,\ie
eat.

Jceab, eating.

Jtbjaf, an ear of com.

Jtjren, a car or dray for corn.

Jcjom/tab, a murmuring, or grumb-
ling ; also slandering or back-
biting.

Jc;om^taba;m, to slander, or back-
bite.

Jtrjorflfiajbtreac, slanderous, abu-
sive, backbiting ; teanjo. jtjoro-
/tajbteac, a backbiting tongue.

1t)p, a corn field ; also the soil of
anv around.
a head.

jnn C nCx; j, Newry, a town
in the County of Down in Uls-
ter.

Juba/t, the yew-tree.

Jub, day ; an jub, or a n;ub, to-
day; Lat. hod ie, Gal. huy, Hisp.

)uca;;t, fish-spauni.
Jubjceact:, judgment ; tO£ajb;"e
tjb e, aju^ beanajb jubjceact

a;^i pjlajtr, Pilate said, take
you him (Jesus) and pass judg-
ment on him according to your
own law. — L. B.

Jubu; je, a Jew, also Jewish.

Jul and eol, knowledge, art, judg-
ment, science.

)ulmu;t, wise, judicious.

Ju/i, the yew-tree ; ju/t talajm, the
juniper ; ju/t c/te;je, or ua^t
c/iejje, juniper.

)uj\ and u/t, o^tgajn, plunder,
slaughter.

Ju;tam, afterwards;

Note. As it hath been forgotten

to insert at the proper place in
this letter the names of such ter-
ritories and tribes as begin with
the words jb or ;, it is judged
expedient to mention the most
remarkable of them here by way
of an appendix to this letter.
Such as

Jb-eac<xe, a territory in the west of
the County of Cork, anciently
belonging to the O'Mahonys.

Jb-laoj<x;;te, now Iveleary, a dis-
trict in the same county, pos-
sessed, till the late revolutions,
by the O'Learys, a branch of the
old Lugadian race, and whose
first possessions were the ancient
city of Ross-Carbury and its li-
berties or environs.

)B-contu<x, a territory in the same
County, anciently belonging to
a branch of the O'Mahonys,
who were dispossessed in late
ages by the Mac-Cartys of Mus-

gry-

Jb-irxxc-cujtle, now a barony of the
County of Cork, possessed very
anciently, and until the 12th
century, by different petty chiefs,
or toparchs, such as 0'C<iolu;be,
orO'Keily,0'0}<xct;fie, O'Jltx;-
fjn, 0'C;d./iajn, and O'O/iegajn,
all either extinct, or reduced to
an obscure state.

Jb-n<xn<xmcd., otherwise called Jb-
l;<xta;n, now a barony of the
County of Cork, whose chief
town is Castlelyons, the seat of
the Earl of Barrymore, anciently
the estate of 0'L;<xta;n, from
whom Cort;le-Lj<xt<Xfl, now Cas-
tlelyons, derives its name. This
family is now reduced to a state
of obscurity.

J'o-ccorxxjt-gabfux, now the baro-
nies of Upper and Lower Con-
nella in the County of Lime-
rick, anciently possessed by the
O'Connels, and afterwards, till
288

the 12th century, by the O'Ci-
nealys and the O'Cuileans : when
the O'Connels were dispossessed
of this large district, they settled
in a considerable territory ex-
tending from Sl;d.b Lu<xc/i<x and
the river Feile, to Claenglis, on
the borders of their former pos-
sessions.

, a large territory in Leins-
ter, formerly possessed by the
O'Connors Failge, jointly with
0'0/ioja;/im, 0'Qn<xo;t, or
O'Kenny, 0'6u;n, or O'Dun,
, Engl. O'Dempsy,
Engl. O'Hennessy,
and O'GOu/taccijn.
Jb-l<xoja;/ie, or Iveleary, a terri-
tory in Meath, the ancient estate
of O'C<xo;nbe<xtba;n, or O'Ken-
dealvan, now, I suppose, a family
of no great lustre, if not extinct.

and )b-b;rju;n-^eota, three large
territories in Connaught, an-
ciently possessed by the posterity
of Brian, son of Coca GOo; jme-
bojn, king of Meath in the fourth
century, from which Brian the
kings of Connaught derived
their origin.

Jb-nr)cx;ne, or j-majne, a territory in
Connaught, the ancient estate of
the O'Kellys, descended from
Colla-ba-c;t;oc', brother of Colla-
u&jf, king of Ulster soon after
the beginning of the fourth cen-
tury. — Vid. Ogyg. p. 366.

J-mcijte, or lla-majle, a large ter-
ritory in the County of Mayo,
anciently the estate of the O'Mai-
lys.

Jb-trJac/Ki-cijbne, a large territory
in the County of Galway, the
ancient estate of the O'Heynes.

Jb-cjn^eoil<xc, a territory compre-
hending a great part of the
County of Wexford, anciently
possessed by the O'Kinsealaghs.

ib

now a barony in the
County of Carlow, anciently pos-
sessed by a branch of the Mac-
Murchas'or Kavenaghs.

Jb-pij<igci;n, a territory in theQueen's
Count)', now the barony of Tine-
hinch, anciently the estate of the
O'Regans, but possessed in lat-
ter ases by the O'Duins or
O'Dunns.

Jb-nejl, (south,) another name for
the whole territory or province
of Meath, after it was possessed
by the posterity of fMj<xln<xo;jj-
<xt<xc, king of that province in
the fourth century.

Jb-ne;l, (north,) a large territory
in Ulster possessed by the great
O'Neil, and different septs of
that name, and divided into
Tyrone, Tyrconnel, and other
tracts.

Jb-o-neac, a large territory in the
County of Roscommon, wherein

stands Elphin, a bishop's see,
which was part of the country of
O'Connor Roe and O'Connor
Donn.

It hath been also forgotten to in-
sert at the word M/tflot, the
name of an ancient family in the
barony of Musgry and County
of Cork, called 0'J<x/iplajte, or
0 T)j A/itd; te, Engl. O'Herlihy.
Tliey were first hereditary war-
dens of the church of St. Gob-
nait of Ballyvoorny, and were
possessors for many ages of the
large parish of that name. There
are still several persons of this
family existing in the light of
gentlemen. They are descended
from the Earnais of Munster.
One of this family, who was
Bishop of Ross, is mentioned
among the sitting members of
the Council of Trent.

REMARKS ON THE LETTER L.

L is the ninth letter of the Irish alphabet, and the first of the three
consonants I, n, jt, which admit of no aspirate, and are called by our
grammarians co;n^o;ne<xbd eab-t^oma, or light consonants. It is called
in Irish Lujf, from ia]f, vulgo ca/ttan, the quicken-tree, Lat. ornus.
JThis letter being the initial of a word which has reference to the female
sex, is pronounced double, though written singly, as, a tarn, her hand, is
pronounced <xl lam ; as in the Spanish words Uamar and lleno. L be-
ginning words referred to persons or things of the plural number, is also
pronounced double, as, <x leaba^, tlieir book.

La, otherwise to, l<xe, and l<xo;, the

day ; pi. l<xen<i, laece, t<x;onn<x,

laeceand, tcvojte, or lujte. —

N. B. I was for sometime at a

289

loss how to find any analog}- or
affinity in any other languages
with these two words, ta, the
day, and 0}ce, or rather uice.
2 o

the night , and the more, as
none appears either in the Latin
or in the dialects of the Celtic
countries, Gaul, Spain, and Ger-
many. From these Celtic na-
tions we have received the word
bja for day, as, bja-pil, dies so-
lis ; bja-lua;n, dies lurue ; bja-
jDaj /it, dies martis, &c., in which
the affinity with the Gallic,
Spanish, and German languages,
as well as with the Latin, is
plainly preserved ; and we have
in like manner received from
them our ancient word noct, the
night, which is the same with
the Spanish noche, the Gallic
nuit, and the German night, as
well as with the Latin noctis,
node, from nox, and the Greek
WKTog, WKTI, from vv%. But
for the word la, the day, and
o;ce, or u;ce, the night, cor-
ruptly written o;bce, of the same
pronunciation, after long exami-
nation I found no analogy, not
even in the Greek, though chiefly
composed of the Celtic, I mean,
when I only considered its sim-
ple words for day and night,
•tlfitpa and vv%, (the same as the
nox, of the Latin;) but in a
compound word of the Greek,
ajcpovvxm, i. e. intempesta nox,
I find a plain affinity with our
Irish word o;ce, or u;ce; and
in the compound word ysveO-
\iav, i. e. natalis dies, there ap-
pears a strong affinity between
the Gr. \iav, which here must
necessarily signify dies, the day,
and the Irish la or lao;, but
mere especially with its plural
lajonna, days. These instances
show, that simple words which
have been disused in the Greek,
are preserved in the Irish ; as in
general many words which are
fallen into disuse in one lan-
290

guage, are preserved in others.

La, or Ija, in old Irish manuscripts
is the same as le, with, along
with ; as, le; jjo^ canojn la
^eptinan, i. e. legit canones apud
Germanum, speaking of St. Pa-
trick.

Laban, lajbe, mire, dirt.

Labanae, a vulgar man, a plebeian,
a day labourer.

Labanta, of or belonging to a ple-
beian.

Labaonab, dissimulation.

Labaj/tt, a speech; aj labaj/tt,
speaking.

Labapt and labe^t, a laver, a ewer.

Laba/iab and labfia;m, to talk ; bo
laba;/i beal fie beal ftp, he
spoke to him face to face.

Laba/tta, said, spoken, of or be-
longing to speech ; ;t; jneay la-
bafita, an impediment of speech ;
jrea/i laba/tta, an interpreter.

L<xbftab, speech, discourse.

L<xb/ia;m, to speak.

Lab ft a;-, a bay-tree.

Laca, a duck or drake ; plur. l<x-
ca;n.

Laca ceann/iuab, the herb celen-
dine.

Lacabo;/i, a diver; laca;/ie, idem.

Lacam, to duck or dive.

Lacan, gen. and plur. of laca, a
duck ; /to^lacan, the plant call-
ed duckmeat; Lat. lens palustris.

Lacb, a family.

Lacb, milk ; Lat. lac, lactis ; gen. \
lacba ; hence leam-lact;, and
corruptly leam-nact, sweet milk,
or insipid milk ; from learn, in-
sipid, and lact, milk ; bo bo
ilacab aj/i a lact, to feed ano-
ther man's cow for the profit of
her milk.

Lactna, a sort of grey apparel.

Lacna, yellow.

Lab, a sending, mission.

Labam, to send.

Laba/i, a fork or prong.

;, a thigh,
snow.

, rashness in demand or
promise.

Labna, dumbness.

Lab/tac, forked ; also hasty.

Ldbu;lg/7e, a day's wages.

Ldb/tonn, a thief, a robber, or
highwayman ; Lat. latro, latrone,
and Wei. lhadron; ann/-;n /io
cnoc^at: bd ldb(nan ma,n aon /te
Oppi, then they hung two
thieves along with Jesus.

Laecamajl, daily ; a^t napan lae-
trama;l, trabd;/t bu;nn a n;uj,
give us this day our daily bread.
, weak, feeble, faint ; Idg-bea-
ta, low fare or diet; laj-c;to;-
beac, faint-hearted ; laj-lamac,
weak-handed; laj-b/t; jeac, dis-
couraged, weak,
iga, praise, fame, honour.

LaTaJjjm, to weaken, lessen, or
diminish ; na laga; jeab bu/t
cc/to;bte, let not your hearts
faint.

Laja;/ttr, a lizard.

La ja^t and ta ja/toj, a prong.

Lajbu jab, to lessen or diminish,
to cut short; also a lessening,
abatement.

Lajbu; jte, lessened, abated.

Lag^ajne, a diminishing.

Laj^ajne, freedom, liberty, as of
a slave, a relaxation or remis-
sion; Lat. laxatio ; mo^ajne
is the word opposite to it, which
signifies servitude or slavery,

Lajt:d;^be, an abatement in a bar-
gain, a diminishing ; j\o tug ft
lagtdjT'-be nooft bam, he abated
me very much,
leaven.

ic, a coat of mail ; vid.
Lat. lor lea.

LCrjbeacan, or tujbeacan, a snare,
or ambush, an ambuscade, or
lying in wait.

Ld;b;m, pro lu;b;m, to lie down.
291

I a;bj/<, strong, stout.

Lajbjfteacb and
strength.

Lajbfie, stronger, strongest.

La;b/tjjjm, to strengthen; also to
grow strong.

Lajje, weakness, infirmity; also
more weak.

Laj je, a spade, shovel, &c.

La; jean, a spear or javelin, a hal-
berd; plur. la;jne; ja
jean mo/i jona Tajm, 50
Cr\jofc Jona jrljf b;, _
^50; Ic;;- a c/tojbe a/t a bo, i. e.
he took a great spear in his hand
and wounded Christ in his right
side, and severed his heart in
two.— L. B.

Lajjean and Lajj;on, the Pro-
vince of Leinster, so called from
the spears used by the Gauls
in assisting Lab/ta Lojnj-eac
against his opponent Cobcac
Cojllfyea ja, according to Keat-
ing.

La;m, from lam, the hand; lajm
;te, and la;ro ^f, near at hand,
close to, hard by ; la;m ;t;u y*an,
next to them; tajfi U\;m l;om,
come near me; <x ta;m, in cus-
tody; bo jiujabaft a la;m leo
Jab, they took them into cus-
tody.

Lajmba/-bam, to fence.

La;m-cea/tb, handicraft, any me-
chanic trade ; also a mechanic.

La;m-beacu^, captivity.

Lajm-b;a, a tutelar god of the Pa-
gans ; bo jo;b ?7acel lajmbja a
bata^t, Rachel stole the idol of
her father. — L. B.

Lajmeab, or lajmjjjm, to handle ;
also to take into custody ; also to
dare or presume.

Lajmjrojleab, a handkerchief; al-
la/*an is another name of it.

Lajm-/^;ar, a buckler; Lat. cly-
peus.

Lajm/"Jjjm. to handle, or put into

L t*

care ; bo lajmpjeab a/? la-

b/ton/?, the robber was put into

custody.
La; mt;onac, desirous, eager; also

given to chiromancy.
La;n, fullness ; la;n ma/ia, the

tide, high water; in compound

words, fully, as la;n-t;/i;m, fully

dry.

La;n-bl;a janac, perennial.
La;n-ceata/ir), a guard.
La;n-ce;mn;j;m, to wander or

ramble.
La;n-c/i;ocna;j;m, to perfect or

complete.

La;n-beant;a, complete, finished.
La;/?eac or lu;neac, glad, joyful,

merry.

La;neac, armed with a spear.
La;nne, the genit. of lann, a blade

of a knife, sword, &c. ; bo cua;b

an bo/incu/i <i fte&c anb;a;j

rxx la;nne, the haft also went in

after the blade.
La;nne, or La;bne, Latin ; fan

teangab La;bne, in the Latin

tongue ; the genit. of la;tt;on,

or la;b;on.
La;nne, filling, swelling; an mu;rt

aj la;nne, the sea swelling.
La;nne, cheerfulness, merriment,

La;nneo;;i, or La;bneo;/i, a La-
tinist ; la;b;neo;nt; je, or la;n-
neo;nt; je, the same.

La;n-me;^leac, a sacrilegious son.

La;n;ie;b;m, to complete.

La;n^;obta;m, to traverse.

La;/t, a mare; la;j-i-a^"a;l, a she-
ass.

i;/ige, a leg, a thigh; a^a;n
p/ia;^ a^ a lu;/iTn;15, greaves of
brass upon his legs ; it is also

, rather than ;
the town of Waterford in Muns-
ter.

, the same as lejf, with him ;
la;*- re;n, with himself. Used
292

in old parchments.
a hand.

Lajj-eab, to throw or cast ;
/to lajffet ^e;ll;be
Znujf, then they cast spittles in
his face ; also to throw down, to
destroy ; <x/i <xn ba ju jru/igojle,
|io maojb <xn j:e<x;-i^-o (Jo^<x) /to
ta/t ceann teampul
bo be<xn<xb <x <xtcu-
b ja/t t/tebepu^, this man,
say the two false witnesses,
boasted thus : overturn the tem-
ple of God, and I will build it
up again in three days. — Le<xb<x/t
b/ie<xc.

L<x;t, a multitude.

Lajt, milk ; Gall, lait, Cor. leath. *

L<x;te, scales; l<x;te ojj\ no oijjt-
j;b, silver or gold scales.

L<x;team<x;l, daily.

L<x;t je;/i, verjuice, &c. ; acetum.

L<x;c; j, from l<xt<xc, dirt, mire,
puddle.

L<xjCfie, a cow.

Lajt/te<xc, the ruins of an old
house ; plur. la;t/te<3ic<x.

La;tr;t;jjm, to appear, be present,
&c.

Lajtjf, a lattice.

Lama;^, a poet.

L<xmant<x, ex. nona tano^nta ; mu-
lieres menstruate ; jy <x;/ie bo
;n, 6;^ n;

zrfeo hoc fecerat Rachel,

quoniam apud eos mos invaluit

mulieres memtruatas non tan-

gere. — L. B.
Lam, a hand ; lam-a/im, a hand-

weapon ; la;m <x/t ta;m, hand by

hand.
Lamac, of or belonging to the

hand; lucb lama;j, bow-men,

slingers.
Lamac, a casting with the hand :

now the word for shooting.

, a gropng.
Lama/7 and lama/?/?, a glove.

L tt

to handle, to take in
hand.

Lamcoma/ttr, a clapping of the
hands.

Lam -bean a^", a restraint.

Lam-mujlean, a hand-mill.

Lam-rt6b, a by-way, a foot-path.

Lamu;£, from lamac, shooting ;
bo lama; j fe (Domnalb, he shot
Daniel. More commonly spelled
labac.

Lamam, to dare, to presume, &c.

Lamna, a space of time ; 6 lamna
<xon ujbce go lamna ba blja-
jan, from the term of one night
to the space of two years.

Lamp/tog, a glow-worm.

Lampu;be, lamps.

L<xn, or lann,_a scale; pi. lanna ;
bo bea/ij:ajb me a/t ;cy5 ba;m-
n;b ^ea/"<xm a;n bo lannu;b, I
will cause the fish of thy rivers
to stick unto thy scales.

Lan, a church ; vid. lann.

Lan, full ; Wei. lhann, Lat. ple-
num, Hisp. Reno.

Lan, before, or in comparison of.

Lana, a lane, or levelled walk;
Lat. planum; her.ce Anglo-Sax.
a lawn, or open place in a wood.

tftmuhajn, a couple, a married
couple.

Lan am n a/", carnal copulation.

Lan-bu;bean, a garrison.

Lan-coj/te, a great or large chal-
dron.

L.an-c5rol<xjm, to perform, finish,
or accomplish.

acb, perseverance.
, falsehood, treachery.
, the breast,
-brui j<xb, the weasand.
t, tetters, or chains,
jn, a period.

L<xnn, land. A Germano-Celtic
word.

Lann, a house, a repository or trea-
sury ; also a church.
, a veil ; also a vizard.
293

, a sword or knife ; also a
sword-blade or knife-blade ; Lat.
lancea, Gr. Ao-yYTj.
L<xnn, a gridiron, i. e.
or ^6;^b;n.
ft, a cow.

tt, a partition.

L<xnpunc, a period, or punctum.
Lan^a;be, a pikeman.
Lcintunba, a guard.
Lan-toll<xb, perforation, a boring

or piercing through.
Laob, partial, prejudiced.
Laobbd, bending, or inclining.
L<xoc, an active youth, a soldier, a

champion ; pi. lo.0c;ta, a militia,

soldiers.
L<xob and lao j, a calf; tao j alu;n,

a fawn ; Wei. Iho, Ir. lo, as to-

, marrow, pith.
Ltxoj, snow.
Lo.0;, hire, wajres, &c.
L<xo;, the day ; from la ; be;;te <xn

Ido;, the evening.
Lao; and l<xo;b, a verse, a poem ;

<xn l<xo; bo ^i;nne jxjn, the poem

he composed.
Lao;, the river Lee, which takes

its rise in the barony of cfo;b

Lao jaj-te, in the west of Mus-

gry, in the County of Cork, and

divides its streams to embrace

the city of Cork.
Lao;beab, an exhortation.
Lao;b;m, to exhort or advise.
Lao;-leaba/i, a diary.
Laoj-meoban, noon-tide, mid-day.
Lao;-fiealt, the morning star, or

the star of the day.
Lao;;-eac, now the "Queen's Coun-

ty, the ancient estate of the

6'Moras.

Laom, a blaze of fire.
Laomba, bent, bowed, crookened.
Laombact, curvature, crookedness.
Laom^5u;;ie, great, prodigious.
Lapab, a paw or fist.
Lapabao, a kind of sea-fish.

t e

i e

La/t, the ground or floor ; also the
middle, the centre ; bo /ionn ye
jon<x loft jab, he divided them
in the midst; a la/i nafba/iaji,
in the midst of the oak ; Wei.
lhaur, Cantabr. lurra.
' L<Xftum, an alarm.

, a burning, lighting, or kind-
ling ; also lust, concupiscence.
yab and la/-a;no, to^burn, light,
or kindle; bo layab an tre;/ie,
the fire was lighted ; bo lay <x
jrea/tg, his anger was kindled.
, anger, passion.
ta, subject to anger, pas-
sionate.

ct, the habitude of an-
ger, the aptitude of being angry.
, flames of light.

Layb, ballast, lading.

and lay/iac, a flame or
flash; lar~a;/i tjnntjge, a flash
of lightning.
, a foot.

Lat, a youth, a companion.

Latac, dirt, mire, puddle ; genit.
latajb, lataj j, and latujge.

Lata;/i, presence ; bom la;t;;i, in
my presence ; also near.

Lata;/-ice orl<x;/tje, a thigh.

Lata/1, an assembly ; also a place
appointed; latajji an cata, the
field of battle.

Lata/i, any private story or account.

Lato.fi, strength, vigour.

Lauba, an eyebrow.

Le, with, through ; tajnjj le CDa;-
^i;y, he came with Maurice ; te
/)e<xjl<x, through fear.

Leab and leaboj, a piece or frag-
ment.

Leaba,abed; te<xb<xctu;m,afeather

bed; le<xb<x jrloco.;/-, a bed of

flocks ; in the obliques it makes

leaped, teabaj j, and pi. leap-

'

is also the name of several
places in Ireland, which are by
the common people called Le-
294

abtaca na bi:e;nne, the monu-
ments of the Fenii, or old Irish
champions; but they properly
were the Druidish altars, on
which they offered sacrifices to
their idol gods, and are yet to
be seen in different parts of the
kingdom ; as, teaba Cbajllj j, a
very remarkable monument in
Roche's country in the County
of Cork ; Leaba (Db;a/-imaba ;y
3;tajnne,near Bandrous in Sligo,
also another of the same name
at poll t;j L;aba;n, in the
County of Galvvay.

Leaba/i, smooth ; Lat. liber ; also
free ; also broad.

Leaba/i, a book; leaba/i bneac,
the speckled book of Mac Egan ;
leaba/t na ccea/it, the book of
Chief Rents, &c. by S.Benignus;
leabu/i na Cabala, the book of
Conquests; leaba/i Lecan, the
book of Lecan, a famous Irish
monument, to be found at the
college of Lombards in Paris;
vid. ca;/it, supra.

Leaba/t and Ijbea/tn, a ship.

Leaba/tan, a little book.

Leaba/i-lann, a library.

Leac, a great stone, a flat stone ;
a/i leaca;b loma,on bare stones;
leac o;b/ie, a flake of ice ; gen.
l;c ; Wei. l/iech, Lat. lapis.

Leaca;n, the cheek.

Leact, a grave, i. e. the bed of a
dead man; Lat. lectum; also a
pile of stones in memory of the
dead; leacb,zWem/ ta;m-leact
nou;nt;/te pa/itola;n, the monu-
ments of the people of Parthalan,
whence Tamlachtan Abbey near
Dublin.

Leact, with thee ; leactya, thine,
belonging to thee.

Leact, a lesson. &

Leacta, flattened; also molten.

Leactam, to spread.

Leacta/7, the diminutive of leact,

i e

a lesson, a lecture, or instruction,
document; gona cu;mn;u jab an
gnjorca /•;/) fto /"j/vjb GQata an
leactan naomta ^-o, so that in
commemoration of that action
Matthew wrote this holy docu-
ment.

Leab, bo leab fe, he said.

Leaban, teasel ; Lat. dipsacum ;
leaban l;0fta, the herb clotes,
orburrdock; Lat. persolana.

Leab, an leab, or leat, alternate.

leabm and leabman, a moth.

Leab'tam, to tear, rend, mangle,
maim ; chiefly said of the body ;
leabnam lujtfieac, ^aobam fg}-
<xt, let us cut down corslets, and
smash shields ; cu;/ip leaba/tta,
mangled bodies.

Leagab and leajajm, to throw
down ; also to fall.

Leajab, a fall ; ^tOjme an leagab,
before the fall ; also a throwing
down, a spilling.

Lea ju;b. physicians.— Mar h, 5. 26.

Led jc.b, a band, or bandage.

Lea jam, or te;mm, to melt, to
thaw, or dissolve; bo te<xj <xn
t<xt<xm, _ the earth melted ; bo
le; jeab e, it was dissolved.

Le<xjam, to read; potius le;j;m,
bo le; j fe, he read.

Leajco;n, a reader, a lecturer.

Leaglajb, a nish or rushes.

Leajojm, to lick; also to clip or
shear.

Learn, with me or mine, i. e. le me,
or mo; learn jrejn, with myself;
learn capal, with my horse : it is
as commonly l;om.

Learn, foolish, simple ; also insipid,
without taste; ogajn learn, a
simple, insipid youth ; bla/-
learn, an insipid taste; leam-
lacc, &c., rid. lact; 50 learn,
indiscreetly : in the compar. and
superlat. it is written leama.

Learn, a rower, or oarer.

Leaman, the inside rind or skin of
295

a tree between the bark and the
timber; also the elm-tree.

Leamajn, the river Lein, which
springs out of Lough Leune,
near Killarney, and discharges
itself into the ocean near Castle-
main harbour.

Leaman, a moth, or any sort of
night butterfly.

Leam-banact, tool-hardiness.

Leam-nactr, pro leam-lacb, sweet
milk.

Lean, or lean, sorrow, ruin, de-
struction.

Leana, a meadow.

Leanam, to follow, to adhere, to
pursue ; bo lean jab, no o/iftta,
he pursued them.

Leanamajn, to follow or pursue, a
following or pursuing ; gea^t-
leanamajn, persecution ; lucb
leanamna, followers or clients;
Gr. 1. pers. plur. eXauvw/utv ab
eXavw, sequor.

leanamajn, goods, substance, or
wealth; nj bjogajb <x leana-
ma;n ; Lat. non diminuit sub-
stantiarn ejus.

Leanan, a pet or favourite; leandn
yjje, a favourite spirit; also a
concubine.

Leanantacb, whoredom, fornica-
tion.

Leanantuc, the plant called tor-
rnentil; Lat. tormentilla.

LeanB, a child, whether boy or
girl ; plur. le;n;b or le;nb.

Leanban, a little child, a voung
child. m

Leanba;be and leanbac, childish,
innocent.

Leanba;beactr, childishness.

Leanma;n, emulation.

Leann, ale, beer ; also any liquor ;
Wei. Ihyn.

Leann, rather lean and lejne, a
coarse cassock worn outside the
doublet ; also a coat of mail ;
Lat. Icena.

L e

i e

Leann, plur. leannta, the humours
of the body; leanna buba, me-
lancholic humours.

Leapta, of, or belonging to a
bed.

Lea/1, with our ; i.e. le ap. ; le <\j\
bjrea/iajb, with our men.

Lea^t and le;;i, clear, evident, ma-
nifest ; af lea/t bam, it is plain
to me, I see ; vid. tej/i.

Leap, much, a great deal ; <xn
fao%al 50 lea/t, the whole
world.

Lea/i, the sea; ta/1 lea/i, over
seas, to a foreign country.

Lea/i-b/ioma;n, the ridge of a hill.

Lea/ij, a plain ; genit. le;/ij ; also
a road or beaten way.

Lea/1-mabab, a dog-fish.

Lea/i-taob, a spring tide.

Lea/ito;b, a ball ; caman jf lea/i-
to;b, a ball and hurley.

Lea/i-u;n;un, a sea-onion.

Lea^ and IjQf, a court; genit.
leapx; LjOf-moj\, Lismore, in
the County of Waterford. ^

, a glimpse; lea^ /iaba;/ic,
a glimpse of light; rrj pa;c;m
lea;" be, I have not so much as
a glimpse of it.

Le<ty-, a sore, a blotch, a bile ; leaf
bon bolj<x;b, a mark or speckle
of the small-pox.

Leaf, profit, good ; bo jijn <x leaf,
he did well.

Leaf, a reason or motive; also a
cause.

Leaf , the thigh ; genit. lejfe, qd.
vid.

Leaf pa and leafpaca, the thighs.

Leafaj jjm and leA^u j<xb, to cure,
or amend; also to manure, or
cultivate.

Leafajnm, a nickname.

Leaf-atajp, a step-father; leaf-
mcittx;/!, a step-mother; lecy-
ITKXC, a step-son ; lea^-jn j)0n, a
step-daughter ; le<ty--cl<xnn, step-
children; le<iy--beoLrtb/t^c<x;^, a
296

itep-brother ; and
a step-sister.
, idle, slothful.

given to sloth or
idleness.

Leafluan, a step-son ; leafgot,
idem.

Le<x^tu;b;m, to lean upon.

Leafwac, a step-son.

Le<x^-/-«xc and teo.^t^<xc,the thigh,
or groin ; <x/i a leaftpac, upon
his groin.

Leaf tap, a cup ; also stale butter.

Le<x^tr<x/i, or lecyb<x/i, a small
boat.

Leaftap, the vessels and furniture
of a house ; 710 l;on tola u;^je
jfjn teac gu/i batab an tjne,
•)f gu/t bata/i na lea^ta;^ aj
fnari) : 6;/i b;b na lea^ta;^
to^ta a^am^a ; a flood of water
filled the house, so that the fire
was quenched, and the furniture
floated on the waters: for you
must know I have choice furni-
ture— L. B.

Leap} jab, healing; also amends,
reparation.

to heal or cure ; bo
fe, he amended; bo
a c/teacca, his
wounds were healed.

Leatabac, wide, large.

Leat, half: in compound words it
sometimes answers to the Eng-
lish word ward, as leat tea^,
southward ; leat fjap, west-
ward, &c.

Leata, gain, profit.

I eatac, divided, half.

Leataba; j;m, to increase, enlarge,
augment.

Leatan, broad, spacious ; Lat. la-
turn, and Gr. irXarvv.

Leatanac, a page of a book.

Leata/i, leather; j:ea/t lea^u;je
leata;/i, a tanner.

Leat-c/iu;nne, a hemisphere ; also
a semicircle.

L e

L e

Leac-cu;b, a half share.

I eatr-rtiabal, a farthing, or rather
a halt penny.

ieac-larra, somewhat weak or
feeble.

Leac-mCx/-. a buttock.

Leatnujab and leacna;j;m, to
spread abroad, or scatter ; to en-
large.

i eato^, the fish called plaice ; j
Gall, pl/e ; leatoj ban, sole;
leatog mu;;te, a large kind of
turbot called talbot; a flounder
is leatog beart£, and lea-0£
|r;0rt-u;^e is a fluke.

Leacponr, the weight of eight
ounces.

Ledt/td/i, half.

leac^annac, partial.

Leatfte, towards.

Leac-n; j, a co-partner in govern-
ment.

Leac-n6;b and l;ac/to;b, a ball to
play with.

?. eat:-fiuab, somewhat red.

Leatyu;leac, having but one eye.

Leat^jajltreann, a board, a plank.

Leatr-romatta, half-eaten.

i eat-Cftomac, oppressive ; also
partial.

Lej;a;b, a legate, or ambassador ; j
leja;b an papa, the pope's le- '
gate.

Lega;be, a legacy.

Le;beann, a long stretch or stride.

Le;beann. the deck of a ship; also
a scaffold or gallery for people
to stand on.

Le;cc, neglect; bu;one le;cce, a
slothful person.

Lejcc. a precious stone. In Scot-
land it is the name of a large
crystal, most commonly of a
figure somewhat oval, which is
put into water for diseased cat-
tle to drink over it.

le;ceab, neat, elegant.

Le;ceanta, precise, exact.

Lejbmeac, strong, robust.
297

Lcjbm; je, an appetite.
Le;£jun, a legion.
Le;je<xb and tejjjm, to permit, let
alone, or desist from doing a
thing ; na/t tejjib bja. may not.
God permit, or God forbid ; bo
lejgedba't Onftta. they pretend-
ed ; Gr. \tyio, r fa si no.
.b, permission.
b and le;^;om, a reading:.

and lejjjm,to read; Lat.
lego, Gr. Xs-yw, diro.
Lejjean, instruction, erudition,
learning.

and lej^jOf, medicine,

cure, remedy ; also aid or help ;

sen it. tej jjy, jrea/t te; j;^, a

physician.
lejjea^-a^m and le; jjjr;om, _ t •

heal ; bo te; j;^- ^e mo c/ieaba,

he healed my wounds.
Le;^ea^ra, cured, healed.
Le; jeo;K, a founder, a refiner.
Le; j;on, gsnit. le; jjn, learning ;

mac le;j;n, a scholar, a stu-

dent.

Le;jteo;n, a reader.
le;jtreo;^eacb, reading.
Le;gtreal, any thing melted.
Le;m, a leap.
Lejm C/)ucullu;nn,nowLoop'sHead

in the County of Clare, where

the Shannon discharges itself

into the ocean.
Le;me, from team, folly, simpli-

city.
Le;m;m and le;mn; j;m, to leap or

jump.

Le;mneac, leaping, desultory.
Le;m-^;an, a razor.
Le;n, Loc-Le;n, a celebrated lake

of Kern' in the west of Ireland,

near which was the ancient es-

tate of the O'Donoghues of

Ross.

I e;nb-b/te;tr, childbirth.
Le;nb-lua/-£a, a cradle.
Le;ne, a shirt, or smock.
le;ri, sight, perception.
'

ing,

go lej/t, together; jab go
le;/t, all together.
lej/t, wise, prudent; also manag-
close.

, a plain ; also a road.
> a reason> a motive.

, to counterfeit, to pretend.
t, a mall or hammer; and
the same.

, utter destruction. —
Matt. 24. 15.
le;/ipnu}ne, or lej/ipnuajne, con-

sideration, reflection.
Lejj-ite, earnestness.

wherewith ; also with him ;
bo cuajb tety- bon cat/iogg, he
attended him to the city ; le;g-
tea/i <xn t<xl<xm tj/tjm le;;-, let
the dry land appear.

, a thigh; gen. of leaf, pi.
lea;7t<xc; <xbal mo le;^c, the
knuckle of my thigh bone or
hip; lej^be;/it;, a pair of trou-
sers.

, a pair of trousers, or
breeches.

t, a step-daughter.
, happiness.

and le]y-ge, sloth, sluggish-
ness.

I ejfgearrxxjl, slothful.
I e;;"geul, an excuse, or apology.
?. ej^jngean, a step-daughter.
le;te, gruel.

lejt and leat, half; te;t ^ecet,
half a shekle ; also a side, a
turn; <x le;t, distinct, apart,
aside ; 5 yOjn <\ lejt, since ;
5<xb <x lejc, draw nigl^; <x/-i te;t,
by turns ; <Xft jdc te;t, on every
side.

1 ejtbe, partiality.
Lejtbfiecb;m, to excuse.
Le;te, grey, the genit. ; also grey-

ness.

<Lejte, mouldiness.
Le;te, the shoulder blade.
le;ceac and tejteog, a plaice or
flounder.

298

lejteac, i. e. lopxb, a kneading-

trough.

Lejteab, breadth.
1 ejte;b, the like, a peer, a para-
gon; <x le;te;b nac bjroica me
^tj<xm, such as I never saw.
I ejteolac, a novice, a smatterer.
ie;c^l;n, l<xugl;;i, a cathedral in

Lemster.
lejciljn, i. e. Locl;n, Denmark

and Norway.
Le;t;me<xl, the coast or border of

a country.

Lejt;meal<xc, bordering, super-
ficial, external ; fyt nbujne le;-
t;meal<xc, our outward man.
Le;t-;n^e, a peninsula.
le;tjc, or le;te;b, alike, or such.
Le;tleac, partial, factious.
le;tne<xct, breadth.
ie;t/teacu^, separation.
I ejt/ieab, of a side, together.
Le;t/ie(Xc<x;~, unjust in dealing.
<Le)t/t;be<xc, partial.
lejtr^jjn), to appear, or be
siht. ^

e<xt, or lejc-fgeul,
apology or excuse ; n;
mff) lejt-^jeut, I will not jus-
tify, or excuse.

<xla;m, to excuse, to apo-
loize for.

<x/t <xn te;t^e, on this
side.
tern, i. e. le mo, with my; tern •,

bata, with my staff.
Lemne, fatness.
Lenne, faces, or complexions.
<Leo, a lion ; Lat. leo ; vid. leon. ?
Leo, with them ; bo trojbab^^ leo
e, they took him with them ; leo
jrejn, by themselves.
leob, a cutting or mangling.
i.eoj<xm, to flatter or soothe.
Leoj<xn, a moth.
Leoj<xnt<xcb, inconstancy.
leon, a lion. This word is im- /
properly written by several Ir' h
copyists sometimes leorrxxn, and

n

I 1

at other times leoia.i : 5 and m
having no original title in this
word. It is naturally Icon, agree-
ing exactly with the Gr. Atwv
and the Lat. leo, and in its in-
flexions leonis and leone. The
reason of this mistake proceeds
from their often making out two
syllables to answer the Irish
verse, which would not be so
easy if it had been written Icon.

teonab, a sprain, or violent stretch-
ing of the muscles.

leonajm, to disjoint, or hurt; bo
leonab mo co^, my leg was
sprained.

I contra, sprained, disjointed.

?. eonta, lion-like, heroic.

I contract, brave actions ; also keen-
ness of morals.

t eo»i- jn;om, satisfaction, the third
necessary disposition in penance,
and teOft-bojljea/- is contrition ;
ex. nea/itajb me a Cb;anna
cum moceannabpiojpbjn roa;l-
le ft;a leoft-bojtgea;-, strength-
en me, O Lord, to confess my
crimes with contrition.

ieo^-, reproof.

leo^*, light.

Leopxm, to give light.

m, a glow-worm.
- ja, a ray of light,
i. e. te a/t; tejt le;^- tu,
whose thou art.

Le/te, religion.

i ef, light ; also illumination.

Ce/~, a bladder; ley la^jtra, a
glyster.

I e/^mob, the ureter.
Lece and teteacb, hoariness.
, affliction.
-, sight.

, a spot, or speckle.
IJandlJj, plur. Ijcc, colour; ui
I; na ^u j, of the colour of the
soot ; also the complexion or air
of the face ; b;ompa; jeaba^ <x
I;jtre ann, the colours of his
299

countenance were changed.
LJ, the sea.

, the same anciently with our
le or fte; Lat. cxm; fe&naf
Ija bacutl, benedijrit cum ba-
culo.

, more; b<x 1; a a Ion na u.
^•aojal, aju^" ba t;a a cajceam
na a pa ja;l, his acquisition last-
ed longer than his life ; he spent
more than he acquired.

, a hog, or pig.

, hunger; njf ge'ceb tra^t na
l;a, he was neither dry nor hun-
gry-
i.;a, a stream or flood; nj bea-

ca;b a/> tja a/- an ama;n. the
stream did not forsake the river.

L;a, any great stone ; Ija tra;t, the
fatal stone, otherwise called doc
na cjneamna, on which the Scot-
tish kings were crowned.

l.;afytc\n and l;ab/t;n, a little book.

L;acac, hog's dung.

Ljac, a spoon.

I ;ac, bad news.

Ljacb, a great many, a multitude.

3L;aclan, a spoonful.

L^ac/to, a hogsty.

L;ab56j, a flounder.

LJaj, a great stone ; l;0j, idem.

Ljaj-bcatj, a bodkin, or rather a
clasp or buckle, adorned with
crystal or other stones of value.

L;a|, a physician.

Ijaputoj, a hog's pudding ; also
a sausage.

, a hut for calves or lambs ;
x, idem.

Ljatr, grey, grey-haired ; also
mouldy ; a/tan l;at, mouldy
bread.

L;at ja, a violent dart.

L;ac-luaca;b, a hoar-frost.

Lj<\t-[uf, the herb mugwort.

L;at;tam, to slide, to roll.

Ljar/teo, a hoar-frost.

Z_;atrn6b and t;atm5jb, a ball : also
a roller.

I ;b, with you, i. e. le ;b, or ^-;b.
ijbeaban, a dowry.
<Ljbea/in, the same.
l.jbea/1/7, a ship.

ljbea/in, plur. l;bea/-uia, a house,
or habitation ; rid.

supra.

I ;-bealbt<x, painted.

t j-bealbto;;t, a painter, or limner.

i; j;m, to lick ; bo Ij j j-e, he lick-
ed ; Ij JJTJD fuaf, they shall lick
up; hence laoj-l;jeac, vulgo
lo-l;jeac, a new-calved cow,
from licking its calf; bo bleact,
a milch cow.

Z ;5;m, to permit, suffer, or allow ;
Ijgjm o/im, I pretend.

i jl, a following or pursuing.

I ;le, a lily ; plur. 1; I; je.

Ijl;m, to follow.

i jtteac, flexible, pliant.

l;n, flax, or linen ; Gr. Xtvov, and
Lat. linum; also a net; plur.
l;ont;<x, nets or webs.

b, a skipping or flying off;
also a flinging or darting ; jab-
tjnjeab, a flinging of darts ;
jabtjnjeac, a great archer or
shooter. Note. Hence the name
of a prince of the Iberian race,
called Co/imac 3<to-l;ngeac,son
of Cajg, son of Cjan, son of
Ol;ol-olum, king of the south
moiety of Ireland soon after the
beginning of the third century.
This Cormac is the immediate
stock of the O'Haras and O'Ga-
ras: from his surname, "£ai)l)n-
£eac, the two territories called
jaljnja-beg in Meatli, and 3<*-
t;n£<xm6ft in Connaught, derive
their names. This latter 3<xl/n-
g<x, together with the territory
called lujjne, or lujnja, and
the rest of the large tract known
by the name of Co^nxn/i<\, was
the ancient estate of the O'Haras.
Cormac Gad-liongach's father,

, son of
300

or

son of Otjol-olum, was the per-
son who, with the assistance ot
I u; £-laga, his grand-uncle, re-
stored Cormac, son of Art, to
his throne of the provinces of
Meath and Ulster, by killing
Fergus, the usurper of his crown,
at the famous battle of Criona in
the year 254.

i Jn gjm, to skip or go away ; also
to fling or dart; bo tjnj cum
nata, he betook him to his
heels; Ijngjrjb cac a/t a lo/ig,
the rest will pursue him ; bo
Ijng a/i bopb na lounge an
r"jjan y~TO)tTea/t, he flung the
sharp knife on board the ship.

i Jn; j;m, to delineate.

i.;njjteo;/i, one that delineates or
designs.

Z. Jnn, time ; ;ie l;nn an /i;j, in the
time of the king, i. e. cotempo-
rary with him.

L;nn, a pond, any standing or
lodged water; hence £)ub-l;nn,
Dublin, i. e. black-water; Gr.
XijLivri, lacus.

l;nn and l;nne, with us, unto us,
ours; i. e. te jnn, or pnn ; a/-
the water is

ours.

t;nn-eabac, linen-cloth; IJnea-
ba;r, of or belonging to linen-
cloth.

I ;oba/i, a lip ; also a slovenly per-
son.

l;oba/inac, slovenly, awkward.

i ;oban, a file.

L;oban, or l;oban, an elm-tree1 :
vid. learoan ; Wei. Ihuyven.

L;obo;beac, slow, or lingering.

l;ob/iac, thick-lipped.

Ljoca, a cheek ; leaca, potius.

l^ocaban, a chin-cloth.

L;0co/ta^, liquorish.

Ljoco/tb, a leopard.

L;oba;n, the litanirs; l;oban an
uca/t;e, the herb teasel ; Lat.
dipsacns.

I J

L 0

1 ;0£; a stone ; l;0£ moft clojce, a
great stone ; pa l;0£, buried.

L;ojab and l;oja;m, to edge, to
whet, to sharpen ; aj IJojab a
lann, whetting their swords.

i;oga;t and l;ojna, a tongue.

?-;ogba, strong, able, stout.

1 jo^jf, power, ability.

i ;o jba, fair, fine, soft.

l;omam, to file, polish, or grind.

LJoif.ta, polished, burnished; lann
leabaftta Ijoifca, a keen-edged
polished sword ; also complete,
perfect.

I jcnyxx, belonging to me; r/f/. learn.

i Jon and l;n, a net, a snare ; plur.

i;on, a parcel, a number, or mul-
titude ; l;on ceab pea/i, the num-
ber of a hundred men.

I ;onab, a filling, a swelling.

l;onab and Ijonajm, to fill; l;o-
nab y jab, let them fill ; noc
l;ona^- bo b'ajnne axu^* bo mjl,
which flows with mils and ho-
ney.

Ijonca/t, that which delights or
pleases.

i jonma/t, plentiful, abundant.

i;onmajfie, abundance, plenty ;
tjonroajpeact, idem.

Ijonn, ale, also any liquor; l;onn
^uab, choler; rid. leann.

I Jonobajrt, net- work.

IjOn-obftajbe, a net-maker.

IJonftab, a web; IJon^ab bubajn
allu;b, spider's web.

", a house or habitation ; also
a court or palace ; also a fortified
place ; genit. Ijf and lea^a ; but
now its common acceptation is
what the vulgar call Danish
forts to be seen throughout all
Ireland.

I jo^-ba and l;o^t:a. slow, lingering,
also tedious ; cuppog-an Ijobajn
l;o^ba, the herb burdock; Lat.
bardana.

l;orbacc, tediousness, slowness.
310

I jotab, to be dismayed. — Jer. 8.
9 ; rid. I;.

L;0ttta, hair.
i L;ot;taba/tc, pomp.
; L)^-, mischief, evil.
| l-lfjm and tyredb, to mean, or
think of, to imasine ; bo ceam-
pal Je^tu^alem ^6 Ijfetfurn pon
;o^a bo /tab, aju^ n; be ^6
fcao; b/t;at;ta ;o^"d, ace bo
teampujll <x cu;^p fe;n, they
imagined he spoke of the tem-
ple of Jerusalem, but his words
were concerning the temple of
his own body. — L. B.

L;c, activity, celerity.

Ljc, happiness, prosperity.

I ;t, of old, formerly.

l;c, solemn, festival; l;ceama;l,
the sfime.

i jteaf, solemnity, pomp.

i.;cjt/jab, astonishment, surprise.

l)tjp, a letter or epistle; also a
letter, as of the alphabet ; plur.
Ijt/teaca; Lat. littera.

Ljt/teaca, plur. of Ijrjft, a letter.

Lju, to follow or pursue.

Lju j, or l;um, a cry, a noise, &c.

L;uja;m, to cry out, to bawl or
roar : written also ijizmajm.

Ljun, slothful, sluggish.

L;una;bea^, sluggishness, idleness.

Ljunn, a humour; plur. l;unta;
ex. l;unta an cu;/ip, the hu-
mours of the body; l;unn bub,
melancholy.

L;unn, beer or ale.

L^u/tam, to beat or strike.

Lo, or la, the day ; bo 15, by day ;
; 16, in the day ; 16 gon-0;ce, a
day and a night ; -)fio -f<\f tojce,
both by day and by night. This
is a corrupt contraction of the
words jn /*a 15 aju/* ;n fo
nojce ; bo 15 <xcu^ bo;ce is of
the same signification.

Lo, a lock of wool.

16, water ; jro l;nn;b' 16, in streams
of water; Gall. Veau.

L 0

I 0

, a dwarf.

, craft, ingenuity.

Lob<xb, rottenness, corruption.

Lobajm, to rot, to putrify; bo lob
fe, it rotted.

Lobdjt, a leper, one afflicted witli
the leprosy ; luba/t, idem.

Lobgac, a cow with calf.

Lofyiab, or laba;/i, the leprosy.

Lobtd,, rotten, putrified.

Lobtact;, rottenness, putrefaction.

Loc, a stop or hindrance.

Loc<x;m, to refuse; also to balk or
hinder.

Loc, a place ; loc n<x cc<xOftdc, the
place of milking sheep; Lat.
locus.

Locc, a filthy mire.

Loc, a lough or lake; also the
sea ; <v/i loc, by sea ; Lat. lacus,
Wai. Ihych, Arm. lagen.

Loc, black, dark.

Loc, every, all ; loc bub, all black.

Loc<x;n, sea-rack, or sea-grass ;
Lat. viva.

Loccw, chaff; locan noc 7"5<x;pea^
<xn j&otr, the chaff which the
wind scattereth.

Loc&n, a pool or pond of water ;
ujfge locojn, pool-water ; cof-
mu;l pie loc&nu;b e;/^, like fish-
ponds.— Cant. 7. 4.

Loc<Xfimun and luca/tm^n, a pigmy.

Loc<xpJ.;;t, a shower of rain.

Locb, a fault.

Locbac, faulty ; also criminal.

Locba; j;m, to blame, to reprove.

Locba; jte, blamed, censured.

Locbujab, a blaming, or censur-
ing.

Loclonn<xc, a Dane, so called from
their piracy at sea; from loc,
Ihe sea, and lonnuiab, to dwell
or abide ; or as others say, from
loc and lonn, which signifies
.strong or powerful ; bub-loclon-
nac, a Dane, and pjonn-loclon-
nac, a Norwegian. The word
was originally loc-lc^nn^c, from
302

loc, a lake, and Ian or larm,
land, a Germano-Celtic word;
so that loc l<xnn<xc literally sig-
nifies a lake-lander, or one from
the land of lakes. All the coun-
tries about the borders of the
Baltic are full of lakes; hence
George Fournier, in his Geo-
graphical description of the
world, says that dania literally
signifies terra aquatilis, which
is the same thing as a land of
lakes. It was doubtless from
the Danes themselves the Irish
did learn this circumstance of
the nature of their country, which
made them give them the Irish
name of Loc-lann<x;cc.

Loc/toin, a lighted lamp or candle :
it seems to be derived from 15,
the day, or night ; Lat. lux ; and
c/i<xn/7, a staff or stick, such as a
candlestick.

Loctomcxjban, otherwise irxxjbm
^le;be, a sudden breaking or
springing forth of water out of a
mountain.

Locust and locu^te, a locust ;
locujj-re ceanrxxn, the bald lo-
cust.

L6ba;m, to arrive at, to contrive ;
also to seduce ; loba/t u;le le
c;/-e<xl, they were all seduced
by the devil.

Lob<x;n, the flank, or privy mem-
bers.

Log, a pit or dike of water.

Logtin, a small pit or hole ; the
hollow of the hand; also the
side of a country ; logcin f ucx/t, a
cold place.

Lo j<x, an indulgence, or remission
of sins, a jubilee.

Loj<xb, a rotting or putrefaction.

Lojajm, to rot, to putrify.

Lo j<xjbe, a fool.

Lo£<i;iT)le<xc3r, foolery.

Lo jba, allowance ; £<xn lojba,
without any allowance or ex-

L 0

emption, &c.

Lojba, an indulgence, i. e. an al-
lowance or exemption from the
rigorous observance of the an-
cient penitential canons.
Lo jma/t, excellent, famous, bright ;
jo ;tajb ;ona 7-agant logman,
that he became an excellent
priest.

Lojta, rotten.

Lo jtacb, rottenness, putrefaction.
Lojceamtacb, or to; jeamlacb, do-
tage, foolery.
Lo;c, a place.
Lo;ceab, a candle, lamp, &c. ; also

any light.

Lo;ceaba;/te, a chandler.
Lo;ge, weakness, infirmity.
Lo;£e;c,f logic.

Lojlieac, or lo-t;jeac, a new-
calved cow, a new-milch cow ;
rid. taoj and t;£jm, supra.
Lo;m-b;ojba;t, poverty, want.
Lo;me, idem; also the comparat.

of torn, bare, poor.
Lojrn^c, a plaster for taking off

hair.

Lo;n, the genit. of ton, provision ;
capa;t lo;n, the ammunition
horses in an army.
Lojnea/t, light ; also a gleam or
flash of light, a reflected bright-
ness.

Lojneanba, bright, shining ; cloj-
beam lojnea;iba, a brilliant
sword.

Lojnea/ibactr, bright::
Lojnjea^ and tojnjjo^ , tlie plur.

of ton 5, a fleet, or navv.
Lojnj-B/tJ^eab, a shipwreck.
l-Ojn£-jr<XOri, a ship-carpenter, or

shipwright.

Lo)n^eoj,H, a mariner, a pilot.
LojnZfTZjm, to sail, or set to sail.
Lo;nn, joy, gladness.
Lojnneac, glad, joyful," merry.
Lojnne;/i, a flashing or lightning.
Lojn/ieac, bright.

, brightness; rather ton -
303

or

Lo;nn^ie<xb, to shine, or be bright,
to illuminate ; cum 50 lojnn/teo-
c<xb re, that it may glister. —
Ezek. 21. 10.

nqury.

, to look for, to inquire.
Lo;/ig-be;;tt, leg-harness ; also

stockings.
L6;^i jnjomajm, to requite, or make

amends for.
Lojfe, a flame.

L.o;^-ce<xnt<x, fierce, fiery, blasting.
, a locust ; to;^cjon tud;te
bo tj6n<j.b na na^ce
<XTU/" n<x n;on<xb, the places were
all filled with swift locusts.
, burnt ; potius lojfgce.
to burn, to singe, &c. ;
xx^i j<xb, they shall be
burned.
Loj^nea^, burning.
Lo jfj, a flame.
a fox.

burned com ; tyuxn
bread made of oat-
meal, the oats of which had been
singed, as is usual.
.majt, slothful.
, a lodging ; also a booth,
or tent.

Lo;c, or tot, a wound, an ulcer, or
bruise, also a plague ; <xrmj-;n
feucu;b <xn ^ajtxnc <xn to;r,
then the priest shall see the
plague ; m<v b;on <\n to^c <x^t
f e<xn no <x^ mrxxoj jonna cce<vn,
if a man or woman hath the
plague upon the head. — Levit.
13.

cg, nettles.

a rioter, or de-
bauched fellow.
Lo;t;m, to hurt or wound ; ma to;-
re<xn bam fea^t no bean, if an
ox gore a man or woman; an
te lojteafi, he that is wounded.
Lorn, bare : also lean.
Lomab. baldness ; also shearing or

I 0

-shaving.

Lomdb and tomajno, to shear, to
shave, or make bare ; tomttb
c<x5fi<xc, to shear sheep ; also to
plunder or pillage ; lomjcu;b f6
<in t;/t, he shall plunder the
country; ;a/t lomab <in lon-%-
po;/tt;, having plundered the pa-
lace.

i-omabojfi, a shearer; also a plun-
derer.

Lomajo, a shield.

Loman, an ensign, or banner..

Lom<xj^te<xc, bare, bald, shorn.

Lomtwac, a bald man.

Lom<x/i, a fleece of wool ; lonoa/ta,
idem.

Loma/ij<x;n, a devastation, or ra-
vaging.

Lono<x;it, a peeling, a shearing ;
vid. lonKXb.

LonfKXjtta, shorn, shaved ; also
peeled.

Lom-copxc, barefoot.

Lomm<x;ro and lonoUxjm, to rub,
chafe, or fret.

Lomn<x, a cord or robe.

Lomnocb, naked, stark-naked.

Lom-nocbujTe, nakedness.

i-omno;/i, a harper.

Lome;, a shorn sheep.

Lom/tab, a fleece of wool.

Lomtoi, peeled, or stripped.

Lointo;/t, a barber, a shearer.

Lon and lonn, food, provision ; also
a viaticum ; lon-c<xp<x;ll, bag-
gage-horses.

Lon, or Ian bub, an ouzle, or black-
bird.

l.on l<x;^je, hip and thigh.

Lorxvjb, he grew red, or coloured
up.

Lon a; j, a scoff' or jest.

Lona/ijan, (0'Lon<x/rz;ajn3) ^the
name of a family, which derives
its descent from £>oncu(xn. young-
er brother of Dfijen 06j;ibe,
king of Ireland in the beginning
of the eleventh century. Tin's
304

family were the ancient proprie-
tary lords of the towns of Cahcr,
Rehil, and the adjoining lands,
till the fourteenth century, when
they were dispossessed by hiiili
hand by the Butlers, ancestors
of the lords of Caber
lo/ica, a larder, a buttery.
, the fish called ling.
, a ship.
a cup.
, a bed.
Long, the breast.

, a house, or residence ; hence

b, a casting, or throwing.

or lor>ga;/i, a ship's
crew.

, to devour, or destroy.
, banishment.

e, the prow of a ship.
:, a palace, or royal seat ;
also a fort or garrison; also a
camp, or sojourning place; ba;/t£
/•e a tonj-po;/tt, he plundered
the king's seats. — K.
nlojngean, the gullet or throat ;
also any pipe.

, strong, able, powerful.
Lonn, anger, choler ; bo. lonn ^e
Jubaj jjb <xn n;b <xbuba;/it: ^I;-
cobemu^, the Jews were angry
at the words of Nicodemus. —

or lonnajj^m, to be
strong or powerful ; also to re-
side, to dwell, or sojourn.
nnoa;n, a passionate youth.

, bright, shining ; clo;-
beam lonn/KXc,a glittering sword,
also brave, illustrious.

aj jjm, to shine, to be bright;

let not^the light shine upon it.
Lonnu jab, an abiding or continu-

ance ; also a dwelling or sojourn-

ing.
Lo/i, or leo^t, sufficiency, enough ;

af I6;i yjn, that is enough ; (j'r.

L 0

I U

Xaupoc, copiosus.
Lo/tc, murder ; also fierce, cruel.
Lo;t-baota;n, sufficiency.
Lo^£, progeny or offspring ; j-ean
<*%uf lo/tj o/tt, <x maca;n, may
you be blessed, good youth, with
prosperity and progeny.
Lo/tj, a footstep or track ; a/t lo/tj
na j~ean, after, or in imitation of
the ancients.
Lo/t£, blind.
Lo;tg, a troop or band.
Lo/tra, a leg, the shin ; also a stalk
or a plant; lo/tja c/ta;nn, the
body of a tree; le lojfijnjb Ijn,
with stalks of flax ; lo/tga ceac-
ta, a ploughtail.

Lo/tgab, a searching, or inquiring.
Lo;tga;m, to seek or search.
Lo/i^a;/teacb, a seeking, or pur-
suing.

Lo/tganac, a sluggard.
Lo/tg-bej/it, a leg-harness.
Lo/tjjm, to wound.
Lof, the point or end of any thing ;
[of <x bacajle, the tip of his
staff.

Ley, a tail; jon <x lOf, with its
tail ; Wei. Ihost.

, sake; a/t bu/i to^-, for your
sake ; a lof, by virtue of; <x lor
<x cto;b;m, by virtue of his sword. ; \
<x lo^- <x nej,ntr, by his strength.
, a kneading-trough.
, a frog ; plur. lujfgjonn;
, idem.
, lame ; also blind.

a burning, a scalding, or
searing ; le lo/-jab zoojte, with
the scorching of a blast.

and lo^j<x;m, to burn, to
singe, &c.
Lo^jdn, childhood.
Lot: and lo;c, a wound, a hurt, or

bruise.

Lot, a whore, or prostitute.
Lotab and loca;m, to hurt, to
wound ; also to commit fornica-
tion.

305

Lota/t, a ruining; also a cutting

or mangling.

Lota/t, or I6ba/t, they went.
Lotal, rather local, the plant call-
ed brooklime; Lat. anagallis.
Lota/i, a congregation, or assem-
bly.

Lota/1, a chaldron.
Lota/i, cloth, raiment.
Lott, a drinking party.
Lu, or luga, little, small ; also less,

smaller.

Lua, a foot; also a kick.
Lua, an oath ; Wei. Ihit. _~-
Lua, water.

Luac, price, wages, hire.
Luaca;/t, a rush, or rushes.
Luacajm, to hire ; bo luacu; jeab

e, he was hired.
Luaca/tman, a pigmy.
Luaca/tn, a light, or lamp.
tuacmo/t, precious, excellent.
Luac/ta, of rushes; rljab laac/ia,
a mountain at the borders of the
County of Limerick and Kerry.
Luaba, the little finger.
Luab, motion.

Luaba;m, to speak or hint; nj
luabjrj jea/i ;ab, they shall not
be hinted; also to be in mo-
tion.

Luab/ta;b;m, to report.
Lua ja and lu ja;be, less.
Luaja;/i, a reward,
^-^ajla;^-, fetters.
Luajuta, the gout.
^a;be, coition, copulation.
"L"a;beact and lua;£eact, a re-
ward.

Lu<x;b;c;n, the little finger.
5, pleasant, cheerful.

, lead ; plunoma lua; je, a
plummet.
Lua; jte and lua;te, as soon as.
Lua;lleac, full of gestures, a mi-
mic.

Luajma;/ieact, volubility, specially
applied to the faculty of speak-
ing; on 15 tu£ <D;a lua;ma;-

L U

;ie<xct d ttednjdjn bo;b, jred-
bd;t; ma;t <xju/* otc bo Idb/idb,
from the day whereon God gave
them a volubility of speech, they
can speak both good and evil. —
L, B.

Ludjm, an abbot ; vid. ludm.
Ludjron? jte, a wave offering.
Ludjmnedc, leaping, jumping, ac-
tive; matjdmd;/? ludjmnedc, a
ranging bear ; c/io;be ludjm-
nedc, a panting heart.
Ludjt, dust, or ashes.
Ludjt/te and ludjt/iean, ashes.
Lud;t/iedc, ludjt/iediiidjl, and lu-
djt/tedntd, dusty, covered with
dust or ashes.
I udjtjiedb, dust, ashes.
Ludjt/iecin, the same.
Luditmjn, a veil.
Ludmdjn, a stirring ; also a being

in motion.
Ludm, an abbot, or prior ; Urnm Ijf

ttiO;;i, the abbot of Lismore.
Ludm, or ludmd;/te, a pilot.
Ludriindc, or tudjmnedc, volatile ;
dn teun ludnondc, a flying bird.
Ludmndcb, an abbotship.
- Ludn, a loin ; also a kidney.

a lad, a warrior, or cham-
pion ; also a son.
, a greyhound.

Luan, the moon ; b;a lim;n, Mon-
day; dies lunce.

, fetters or chains.
ba, fettered, chained.
c, fetters.
, vulgar, common,
swiftness; te lua^ <x co^-,
by his swiftness ; bo te;t re ba
lu<x^", he stole away as swiftly as
he could.

c, moving, rocking.

and lu<x^j<x;m, to swing,
move, or jolt, to rock a cradle.
LiKty-gancxc, used to swing or jolt.
Lua/-gcxn<xcb, the act of rocking a
cradle or swinging.

an, a cradle, or any other
306

instalment for jolting.

Lua^anajbe, a rocker or swinger.

Lucit, the foot.

Lu<xt, swift, nimble. A

Luatr, activity, agility ; tfte ^om<xb
luat <x cu;/ip, by liis great ac-
tivity of body.

I u<xta, of or belonging to ashes.

Laatdb, a hasting, or making
haste.

Luatajm, to hasten, to make haste;
luatujjjb, hasten ye, or dis-
patch ye.

Luat-jaj/te and tuat-ja;/te, joy,
gladness, &c.
.t- ja;/teab, a rejoicing,
t-raj/vjm, to rejoice, or be
glad.

LimtiTKX/i, swift or active.

Lu<xtm<x/tc, a race-horse.

Luac-ma/ic<xc, a riding-messenger
in post.

Lub and lub<x, a thong, a loop ; ;
hence it means a snare, or any
deceit in general.

Lub, a plait or fold ; also craft, de-
ceit, subtlety.

Lub<xc, sly, cunning, subtle.

Luboijjte, a crafty or ingenious fel-
low.

Lub<xm, to bend or incline, to turn
or twist, to warp ; bo tub ^e <x
bo ja, he bent his bow.

Luban, a hoop, a bow.

Luba, the body ; hinc lubnaca, or
lujbneac'd, the parts or members
of the body.

Luba.fi, or toba/i, a leper.

Lub jo/it, a garden.

Lub;t<x, the leprosy ; also any weak \
ness or infirmity.

Lub/i<x, work.

Lub/idc, leprous.

Luc, a mouse; luc p^idnncAc, a
rat ; plur. tucd; j ; Corn, logaz ;
its dimin. is tucoj, a young
mouse; lucjirej/i, a shrew or field-
mouse.

Luc, a captive, or prisoner.

L II

L 11

Luca;/i, a glittering colour, bright-
ness.

Luca/tman, a pigmy.

Lucb/iu, a white head of hair.

Lucb, folk ; it answers the French
gens very nearly ; lucb jrea^u; j-
eacea, spies, or scouts; lucb
b/ta;e, idem; lucb jr;ongo;le,
parricides.

Lucb, a pot, kettle, or chaldron ;
ex. a luce no lucb ^-a;lte ;a/t
7"u;be jrea^ca;^, she was fed out
of a salted or larded pot after
vespers, or sunset. — Brogan in
Vit. Brigittce. ,

Lucb, or luce, a quantity of any
thing; as, lucb mo jla;ce, my
handful ; also the loading of a
ship or boat, or any load.

Luciano, a prison.

Lucma;/te, abundance.

Lucea;ne, a gulf, a whirlpool.

Lub, appearance ; o;/t n; bu;ne
dntjcpjOft, ace b;abal jro lub
bu;ne, for Antichrist is no man,
but a devil in man's appearance.
— L. B.

LU jba; j;m, to lessen or diminish.

Lu ja, less, least.

Lu^a and lu; je, an oath.

Lu ja, thirst ; also want.

Lujna^, the month of August;
la lu jna^a, the 1st of August.

Lu;, a bough, or branch.

Lu;b and lu;bean, an herb ; plur.
lu;beanna; le lu;beanna;b ^e-
<iftba, with bitter herbs ; maocan
05 lu;be, a bud of an herb.

Lu;beanco^ac, having toes or fin-
gers and legs ; from lu;bne, fin-
gers, and co^*, a foot

Lu;bne, a dart or spear.

Lu;bne, the fingers or toes.

Lu;bne, a shield.

Lu;5-jS;a^e, a caterpillar.

Lu;b/vj£;m, to arm with a coat.

Lu;fa;n, a crafty fellow ; also a
handsome woman, i. e. one who
has fine hair.

307

Lujb;neacb, craftiness, cunning.

Lu;b, ho went ; also he died ; bo
lu;b O/tmb, Bridget died, or
Bridget being dead : from an old
verb lu;b;m, which hath no other
tenses.

Lu;b, ;an<xro ^p^ep a^u^ a ben
fteompa 50 Oejtjl Jubo. be;^t-
necxb <xn c;o/-a aju/- b;<x/xab
tjre leaora, Joseph and his
wile went afterwards to Bethle-
hem of Juda to pay the tribute,
and called for a lodging. — L. B.

Lu;be, a lying ; a situation or po-
also death ;

sition

also a goin

;a/t lujbe ODbujficjo/itajcc, after

the death of Mortogh ; ;<x/t lujbe

jton 7"n<\;be ^-lua ja, post obitum

patrochmtur multitudini, Bro-

gan ; rectius lu; je; Goth, ligan,

or lican, jacere ; Alem. lige/i ;

Belg. liggen; Dan. Hgge; Gr.

XEyo/iat, cubo: hence lectus, a

bed.
Lu;b;b mjntrjnn, I am content or

pleased; placet mihi.
Lujbjm, to lie; bo lu;j fe, he

lied.
Lu;b;m, or lu;j;m, to swear so-

lemnly.
Lujb;n, the little finger; Wei. Ihu-

ditn is the young of any animal.
Lujg, the genit. of loc ; an lu;j,

ot the lake.

Luj je, a proof; plur. luj jce.
Lu; je, a chaldron, or kettle.
Lu; je, a lying ; Goth, liga, lectus,

cubile. This word is ill-spelled

lujbe, qd. vid.
Lu; jeacan, an ambuscade, or am-

bush.

to tear or rend; ann^*;n
u;jea/-ra^ o;;tc;onnac na

^aja^c a eubac, then the high

priest rent his garment. — L. B.
Lu; jjoc, lying.
Lu;m and le;m, milk.
Lu;ma;n, a target, or shield. — PI.
Lu;ml;n/i, a stream of milk,

I U

I U

Lu;mne<xc, the town of Limerick.
Lujmnecxcba, an ensign or shield-
bearer.
l.u;n, a sword or spear.

<xb, a shipwreck.
jin, to suffer shipwreck.
, a navy or fleet.
Lu;r>;j^-eo/t<xcb, a voyage by sea.
Lu;n;<x^, a sword-fish.
i-u;/7/7e, anger ; also mirth.
Lnjnneac, merry, jovial.
Ltrjnnjoc, music ; lu;nn;oc bo 5o-

ba/t, music to the deaf.
lu;/ieac, or lu;t;ie<xc, a coat of
mail; Lat. lorica; gen. luj/i;j;
Gr. \optKiov, and the vulgar Gr.
AouptKjj ; Lat. lorica, and Wei.
Ihyrig.

LUJ/*, the quicken-tree : hence it is
the name of the letter I.
a hand.

m, to drink ; ju/i lu^at, that
they drank.

, to dare, to adventure.
, bad, naughty, evil.
, a flame, a flash; also a
blush; ta;n;g lu;^ne <u?n, he
blushed.

<Lujte, swiftness, speed.
1-ulgac, a soldier.
£-uma;n, a veil, or coarse cover ; a

sackcloth.
L urn a; ft e, a diver.

, a ship ; vid. long,
a swine.

the name of that sister of
St. Patrick who was brought
into Ireland along with him, and
sold into captivity in the County
of Louth, then called 03<x j-mu^-
tremne.

Lufij, the end.
Lu/i j<x, the shank of the leg.
iLu/ig<x, see ! behold !

, an herb, a leek : its dimin. is
ajyjn ; \Vel. Ihyseiyn; pi. lu^-
;ta;be,' Iu^no6;i, the herb fox-
glove; Lat. digitalis; ga/iblu^,
the herb clivers ; Lat. aparina ;
308

, the herb groundsel ;
Lat. senecio.

c:, of or belonging to herbs.

, a lustre, or the space of
five years.
a, infancy.

, a cave, or subterraneous
vault.

, blind; Lat. luscus ; ex.
c<x ^a t^iu^ca, he
healed the blind and the lepers.
— VitaS. Patric.
Lu/-cuac, a caterpillar; lufcnuj-

noj, the same.
Lu/~b;t<xb, a procession.
Lu^"5<x;^ie, or lu^jan, a troglodite,
or one that lives in caves.
, to lurk, &c.

, an herb ; IU/TKX n<x ge;/ie
bo;/in; j,bear wo rtle berries; Lat.
radix idcea putata, sive uva
ursa. In Scotland they call it
lus net brcilag ; perhaps Doctor
Merret's vaccinia rubra foliis
myrtinis crispis, may not be a
different plant.

fpa n<\ fcop, the plant clown's
all heal ; Lat. panax coloni.
^/tab n<x ^taloj, berry-bearing
heath.

, an herb-charm.

, a flatterer, a pick-
thanks.
Lu^t/i<x;m, to flatter.
Luc, longing, earning; bo b; <i
c/io;be <xj lut, his heart longed,
or his bowels did yearn.
Lut<xc, the sinews or veins; <xj
7~u<xta <x lut<xc <^(if <x ecu; ^-l;-
onn, nibbing their sinews and
veins. — K.

Lutja;/t and tucja;/ie, joy, glad-
ness, rejoicing ; le lut j<x^t c/toj-
be, with gladness of heart,

c, glad, joyful.
, quick, nimble.

, more active or nimble.
I utm<v/;ieo.cb, nimbleness.

REMARKS 0!S7 THE LETTER CO.

CD is the tenth letter of the Irish alphabet, and is counted among the
strong consonants, called cor)/~ojne<3.bcv tednno. ; but when aspirated,
among the light consonants called con^o;ne<xb<\ edbtrtOma, and then has
the force of r consonant; ^as, <x mataj/t, his mother, a maj jbjon, his
virgin, are pronounced <x rat<xjft, <x r<xjgbjon ; it is called CDu;n, from
roujn, the vine ; Lat. inVis. As to its figure in the Irish and old Saxon,
it resembles the Heb. D, so called from the sound. It is often prefixed
by an apostrophe (which cuts oft' the vowels annexed to it) to the begin-
ning of nouns, whether they begin with vowels or with consonants, and
then signifies my or mine ; as, m'arxxm, my soul, i. e. mo anam ; no'eotu;-,
nit/ skill, i. e. mo eolu;~; m'jrea/t, my husband, i. e. mo pe<x/i, &c., where-
fore it may be well called a praepositive pronoun. It is also added to
verbs in the present tense, first person ; as, te; j;m, 1 read, i. e. le; j me ;
muna;m, I teach, i. e. mun<x;b me; Lat. moneo, &c.; and in this latter
sense it may not be improperly called a subjunctive pronoun. We think
it well worth observing here, that our language bears a perfect resem-
blance in the disposition of its pronouns to the manner of ordering them
in the Hebrew ; for the latter divide them into two classes, which they
respectively called prefixa and suffixa, or praepositive and subjunctive
pronouns : the praepositive are set before words, and the subjunctive are
written in the end of words ; both equally determine the person. CD,
when aspirated, is often confounded by our copyists with b aspirated, be-
cause they both sound like r consonant, as the Irish of a river is written
<xman, and more frequently, but abusively, <xb<xn, as also in the words
ucxmcin and uaban,year, horror. In these and the like doubts we should
always have recourse to other languages, wherein we may find the radical
letter ; thus when we consider that amnis in Latin is the appellative of a
river, and that 0o/3ov in Greek is the appellative of fear, we may safely
conclude that m is the radical letter in the former, and /3 in the latter;
and consequently that the one should be properly written <xman, and not
<nb<xn, and the other uab<xn, and not uaman. The like doubt often arises
in the middle of certain words, where b and j are indifferently written ;
as for the Irish of a face or complexion we commonly write <x ga;b, and
very rarely <xb<x;b ; but by consulting the Greek we see it written aSoc,
and thence may be convinced that our Irish word should be properly
written <xbajb, and not <x^a;b. 00 is often set before b in the beginning
of words, in which case b is not pronounced, although it be the radical
letter ; as, <x mbl;<i jana, this year, a. mbe<xj-<x, their mamiers, <i mb^;ac^a,
their words, are pronounced o. ml;<x j<ina, <x me<xpx, <x m^i;<xt;ta : b is
sometimes changed into m, as bean, a woman, genit. mnaoj, and plur. mno,
rnna;b; bo, a cow; genit mu?n, as bon mu;n. We find that the ^Eolians
instead of /j. often wrote /3 and IT, which, as has been observed in their own
places, are almost identically the same letter ; asGr. /3cA\E(i/ forjutXXttv,
Lat. debere; Gr. TrtKKuAoe for /uncKuAoc, Lat. parv ulm ; hence the
Italians retain picolo, to signify little ; and again thev write u instead of
309

CO <f

CO tf

)3 and TT, as /uaOovaa for iraBovaa, Lat. patiens ; and Lat. somnus, from
Gr. UTTI/OC. The Latins familiarly eclipse & in some words, as for sub-
mltto we pronounce summitto ; wherefore we should be the less sur-
prised if such indifferences and dubious words be found in a language so
much neglected and uncultivated as the Irish language has been for some
ages past. It is to be noted, that though m aspirated is frequently sub-
stituted in the place of an aspirated b, and vice versa, yet it is through
want of judgment in the writer, inasmuch as the vowel or vowels which
precede the latter, are pronounced with a stronger, clearer, and more
open expiration than those that precede the former. This difference of
pronunciation is sensibly observable, for example, between t/ieab, a
tribe, and learn, insipid, as well as between ^clabu;be, a slave, and
a swimmer.

0) it

0?a and mab, if; ma tct, if so;
Corn, ma, if.

GQa, a breach.

GQac, a son ; genit. m;c, and plur.
mac/ta, young men ; mac-mjc, a
grandchild. It is sometimes used
also for the young of brutes ; as,
fc/iomac(mac an a^a;l; mac-
tjfte, a wolf; mac-leabajft, a
copy of any book. It is prefixed
to the name of several great fa-
milies in Ireland.

GOac, clean, pure, &c.

OOaca, bom maca-^amla, of my
equals.

G0aca;m, to bear, to carry ; to treat
as a child, to treat fondly.

GOacam, a youth, a lad; macan,
idem; ex. macan 7-6 mbtjaban
beag, a youth of sixteen years.

GOacanta, mild, honest ; j:ea/i ma-
canta, an honest man, a man
without guile ; literally, child-
like, innocent.

Gftacanta^, or macantacb, ho-
nesty.

GDacaom, a youth or lad ; Lat. ju-
veim; also a young girl; ma-
caorri mna, a young lady; ma-
caom bujll; j, a civil boy.

00ac-co;nne, a daughter-in-law.

OQaca, a plain for an army to fight
310

CD

in; maca;/ie, idem; Gr.

pugna ; now commonly callec

milking-place.
flDaca, a Royston crow ; mol maca,

a flock or flight of crows.
G0aca;/i, a plain ; also a battle. —
ClQaca;/-ie, a fine level field or plain, —

commonly said of a field of bat-

tle ; vid. maca.
(Dacbual, a sponge; pto jtjc aon

bona mjteabajb aju^ bo ;tab
b a macbaat JTO/-I j\jn
50 tta/tub bo Ja^-a ba

61, i. e. one of the soldiers ran,

and presented vinegar from a

reed out of a sponge unto Jesus

for his drink. — L. B.
OOaclo^ and mac'tag, the womb, or

matrix.

CDac't;, a wave, or surge.
OOactnab and mactnajm, to deli-

berate on, to consider of; ma^t

bo bejc mo;ian aj maccnab o/tt,

so as that many were astonished

at thee.
GQac tn am, wondering ; also delibe-

rating.
G0acu;l, a spot, defect, stain, or ^7

blemish ; Lat. macula.
GQac-leaba;/i, a copy.
iDac-mu;/i;jeac, the fish called

escallop, or the scollop fish, a

TO

rc

shell-fish.

licentiousness, wanton-
ness ; also kindness, fondness.

or macnaj^eac, wan-
ton, also tender; £0 macna;-
fe&c, fondly, tenderly.

03aco;m, a stranger.

young men, or a hand of
young men, also male children ;
bo mu jab an macfta te Jonuajb,
the male children were killed by
Herod, macfiajbe Cj/vjnn, hi-
fantes mares Hibernitp.

GQac/ia;b, a disease, or distemper.

(X3ac^t<x^<xc, peevish, saucy.
_ £ GOac^ejl, the fish called mackerel;
noa^ic^ejl, idem.

the like, or the same,
such as, &c.
• GDacrab, a slaughtering, slaughter,
also to slaughter or butcher;
Lat. macto.

, a wondering, or surprise,
ab, adoption.

G0ac-t:;tie, a wolf; literally the son
of the plain, or country.

CEcxb, a hand.

OOabab, or mab/iab, a dog; mabab
jtuab, a fox ; roabab alia, a
wolf.

OTab, if.

CDab, an ecstasy, or trance.

OOab, for ma j, a plain, or field.

CDab, be it ; ba mab, if it were ; 50
mab, I would it were.

GOaba, unlawful, unjust.

OQabam j-ejcne, a rupture ; hernia.

ClQabam, or mabm, a breach, a bat-
tle, also a derout ; gen. m<xbma,
and plur. mabmcinn and mc.b-
mana ; jmteo.ct; n<x ro<xbm<x, a
retreat from battle, also a flight ;
mabm, or majbm ^lejbe, a sud-
den eruption of waters out of a
mountain.

CDab-beaj, few, little, a small share;
ex. j\o c/t;on^at u;le act mab-
beaj ajuf bajn-rl;oct ce;n-
mota mat: jamu^n, their posterih7
311

dwindled away to a few, and
some descendants of their daugh-
ters, except Mahon and his pos-
terity.— fid. the .Miilconnerys
in their genealogy of the O'Bri-
ens of CarrigoginnealL The
word na mab, or nama, is often
set in the end of a phrase or sen-
tence, and signifies only, alone ;

act pop ftelf£ <T fton nama, no
fruit appeared on any other rod
except on Aaron's rod alone. —
L. bneac.

ODabmab, an eruption, or sally.

COabmann, a skirmish.

CDabfta, the herb madder.

00ab;tab, a dog, or mastiff; rna-
b/tab alia, a wolf.

of or belonging to a
dog ; an ftealt mab;tama;l, the
dog-star.

OOajac, co;je majac, the province
of Connaught.

OQajab, mocking, jeering; jrea/i
majajb, a scoffer.

CTQagamajl, joking, scoffing.

CEa j, a plain, a level country. This
Celtic word is Latinized magus
by the Roman writers in the
names of places, as Rotho-magus,
Novio-magus, &c. ; Wei. maes.
Our modern writers have cor-
rupted it into mot/ and muigh.

(Da j-abajtt, a plain or field of ado-
ration or worship, where an open
temple, consisting of a circle of
tall, straight stone pillars, with a
very large flat stone called Cftom-
leac, serving for an altar, was
constructed by the Druids for
religious worship. These Druid-
ish temples, whereof many are
still existing in Ireland, were
built in the same manner with
that which was built by Moses,
as it is described, Exod. 24. 4
consisting of twelve stone pillars
and an altar ; but the object or

CO

to rf

the Druidish worship, at least in
ages mucli later than the primi-
tive times, was not, without
doubt, the true God. Several
plains of this name, OOa j tl'b<x;/t,
were known in Ireland, particu-
larly one in the country now
called the County of Clare,
where the kings of the O'Brien
race were inaugurated ; another
about four miles northward of
Cork, now called De<xl ttt<X
Q0<xj-<xbo;/i, from which the val-
ley called 3te<xnfl-m<xj •cTb<v;/i,
derives its name.

(0<xj-bfte<xja, now called Fingal,
between Dublin and Drogheda,
which anciently belonged to
Meath.

GOdT-bfiuctAjn, a district of the
Queen's County, the ancient es-
tate of a tribe of the O'Kellys.

GOaj-joijble, a district of <T6;5-
pxjlge, in the County of Kil-
dare, anciently possessed by the
O'Keilys.

(Oaj-jte, a district of the County
of Derry, possessed by the Mul-
breasals and the O'Buyles.

(OciT-te<xron<x, a territory of the
County of Antrim, the ancient
estate of the Mac-Leans.

ODa j-l;pe, a part of the County of
Dublin, the ancient property of
theO'Brachanes and other tribes.

GOoi-lu^g, a famous place in the
County of Roscommon, the an-
cient patrimony of the Mac-
Dermods.

C0aj-rou;/it:emne, now the County
of Louth, or the greater part
of it.

00<x j<x/i, fish-fry.

(Oajd/t, a word or expression.

fOa juj^je, a winter-lake.

G0<xjtotu;n, bo jkvc ye
t:u;n, he cherished.

(0<xocne, kindred, relations

roajto-

a progeny
312

hence
oflf-

or

spring ; also a tribe or clan.

COajbe, a stick, wood, timber ;
roajbe pijomo., a spindle.

COajbeog, the shell called concha
veneris.

GOajbeog, a midwife.

COajbbean or roajgbean, a virgin,
a maid.

COajbeana.;", virginity ; also maiden-
head.

00<x;b;n, a battle, or skirmish.

G0<x;bm, a breach, eruption, or
sally ; also flight ; m<x;bm le ga-
6;b;l <x;/t j<xlt(X;B, the defeat of
the English by the Irish.

fOa;bm, to tear or burst.

ClQajbjm, or .IKX; j;m, to be broke in
battle, to be routed; <xju^ bo
m<x; je<ib o^^tta, and they were
routed.

, an affected attitude and dis-
position of the head and counte-
nance, with a proud gait, &c. ;
thus it is said of a woman, bo
cu/i fj nxvjg u;/tte j:e;n, or a

or m<x;j)u;l, affected-
ly proud as to the exterior.

jean, a place.
GQ<x;j;m, to defeat, _to break an
army ; bo m<x; je<xb <x^ 5<xUa;b,
the foreigners were defeated.
ClOa; j;/-t;/i, a master ; Lat. magis-

ter.
OQa; pfcjieaf, a mistress ; Lat. ma-

gistra.

CDa; j;^c^t;oct, mastery ; also ma-
gistracy ; Lat. magistratus.
ne, great.

, a field.
/te, a salmon.
/teleun, a salmon-trout.
;^, malice ; Lat. malitia. X

, malicious.
G0a;ll, delay; j<xn ma.;ll, without

delay ; nxxjlle, idem.
CDa;lle, together with; no<x;tle ^;a,
with her; ma;lle ^;b, along with
you.

CD

a:

COd.jU-trt;<xtlac. slew, tedious.
\jn, the morning or day; Lat.
mane ; hence ^eact-m<x;n, a
week, or seven days.
.'in, the hand; corruptly majm ;
ex. Ian bo majme, instead of Ian
bo ma;ne. This word is still
preserved in compounds, as mCvj-
nob<x;ft, handicraft; majneoj, a
glove ; mCijncjn, a maim-handed
person.

CD&jn-bjteac, crafty.

CQdjncjlle, a sleeve ; from m<x;r>,
the hand, and c;le, or c<v;lte, or
cal, a keeping or laying.

CD<Xjne<xcnd, negligence, inatten-
tion.

C0a;ne<xctrn<xc, indevout ; negligent
in spiritual affairs.

COojneoj, a glove ; Wei. meneg.

GXi;n;j, foolishness, madness; Gr.
pavia, furor, insania.

G)$.-)n]f, a lance, a spear.

G0a;nne<xm<x;l, early.

00<x;nneacj or majnbnedc, a booth,
a hut, a fold ; o nKVjrntj j na
ccciojtac, from the sheep-folds ;
Gr. navSpa, caida, stabulum.
- n^e, maintenance.
n/-e<x^, a manger,
nb jnejm, the morphew, a dis-
ease.

C0<x;/te<x/-djl, life.

COajfteun, a small salmon.

COajftj, woe; <x m<xj;ij bujr^e,
woe unto thee.

00<i;ftjeac and ma;njneac, woful,
sorrowful.

COoij^jn; jjm, to groan, to bewail.

COd^jin, to live; bpt maj;t y-e, he
lived; 30 ira;-t;b <xn ji;j, God
save the king.

, to bruise, to crumble,
jfin, to betray.

c, a pilot or mariner.
.c, a martyr.
, a lump or heap,
or mea;', an acorn.

;n, a lump.
010
aid

I COab'e, an ornament, bloom, beau-

ty.

; C0a;;-e, food, victuals; ma;;'e ba-
6;ne n;^- to;mle<xb, £ Fiechux
in f'if. S. Pa ft id i ; he did not
eat of immolated food, or the
food of Gentiles.

i CQ<x;^e<ic, fair, handsome ; m<\jfe-
<xm<x;l, idem.

gance, handsomeness.
ODa;^eab, then, therefore.
OQajf; j)nr», to adorn, to deck out.
C0d;/"le<xb, reviling, disparaging ;
nj ma;^leoc<x ru, thou shaft not
revile.

the mastick-tree.
, a churn.
;tju jajm, to chuni.
C0a;t, good, excellent; jo ma;c,
well ; \\ e\. mad. and Arm. mat.
. chieftains ; bo majCjB mu-
majn, to the chieftains of Muns-
ter; noa;ce clo;nn Jfpael, the
chiefs of the children of Israel.
(>~, forgiveness, pardon.
G0cxjte<xm, an abatement or slacken-
ing ; ex. e;nne/-e cean n;m, ce-
<xn m<j.}tjm, «S>. Brogan. in f'if.
S. Bngidat, she «ave alms with-
out bitterness and without slack-
ening, i. e. continually and with-
out intermission.

', forgiveness, pardon ,
i bpeacci;be, the
remission of sins.
COajtea;-, goodness.
C0a;ce<i;-, screen-.
C0cijtme<vc<\7", pardon, forgiveness.
OOa;trjiD, to forgive.
C0a;t»te<xn, an aunt.
CD<xl, or moiU, slow, dilatory.
COal, a king, or prince.
CPtxt, a poet.

COal, a soldier or champion.
0;<xl, a tribute, tax, or subsidy.

a bag or budget, a mail;
doboijne, a shepherd's bag.
an eyebrow; le
* 2 R

00

CD

ful, with his eyebrows; also a
brow, as mala an cno;c, the
brow of the hill.

COalaj/tt, change, exchange, alte-
ration.

GOala/ttac-, mutual, reciprocal.
GOala/tta; j;m, to change, or take
exchange; bo mala/ttajb;^, they
traded; bo mala/ttaj jbea;t,they
exchanged.

COala/iti/jab, an alteration, or ex-
changing.
COalcaj/1, a porter or bearer of

burdens.
00alca;/ieacba, of or belonging to

the market.
GOalcajfiea^, sale.
GOalcam, to bear or carry.
COalcobac, one that sups or dines

late.

COalctaj/ie, a porter.
OOall, slow, dilatory ; Lat. mains ;
mall cum jre;/ije, slow to an-
ger. ^

OOal^acb, a curse.
CQallu; j;m, to curse.
GQallujge, or mallujjte, cursed,

accursed.
OOalojb, a flail; also a scourge;

also a thong.

GOalftajbjm, or mala/itajm, to ex-
change or barter wares.
CQal;iato;/i aj/igjb, an exchanger

of money, a banker.
GCam, the hand or fist ; 'La&.manus ;

Ian ma;me, a handful.
00am, vile, base.

OQam, a mother; mo mam, my mo-
ther ; Wei. mam, Heb. CDK, ma-
ter, Angl. mama.
00am, might, power.
00am, a hill or mountain; also a
gap or pass through mountains.
COama, abreast, or tit; Lat. mam-
ma.

COama, alone.

OOama/-, might, strength, power.
CUana, the hand ; Lat. manus.
OQana, a cause or occasion.
314

COanac, a monk or friar; Gr. juo-
vo^ocj and Lat. monachus ; gen.
manajj; Armor, manach, and
Wei. mynacJi.

anajbjp or manaoj^-, a spear or
javelin.

COanama and lamagan, a glove.
OOancac, of or belonging to monks.
COancnum, a cheese-mite.
OOanb/tacac, a mandrake.
COang, moroseness, sourness.
COang, a bag or budget.
OQann, wheat; also food, bread;

like the word manna.
OQann, a wedge ; ^eact manna bo/t,

seven wedges of gold; also an

ounce.

OQann, a sin ; also bad, naught.
OQanntac, tongue-tied; one that

muffles or stutters, or one that

has lost the foreteeth.
OOan/tac, a sheepfold.
OOan/tab, destruction.
COan/ta^, motion, &c.
OOanta, bashful, modest.
OOtintact, bashfulness.
OOanta; jie, a lisping person.
00ao;bm, a hard word.
COaojtmeac, vain-glorious.
OQaojbeab and maojbeam, pro-

claiming, boasting; noc mao;b,

who boasts, Prov. 20. 6; na

maojb tu fe;n, boast not thyself,

ibid. 27. 3 ; also upbraiding,

Sam. 15.
OOaojle and mao;leacb, baldness;

maojle is more bald.
G0ao;l;nn, the summit or the brow

of any ridge or hillock, as m<xoj-

l;nn <x cno;c.

00ao;l-eabanac, bald-pated.
OOaojn, love, esteem.
00ao;n, worldly substance.
;, stewardship.
, a pack, or bag.

the same; diminut. of

GOaoJcjreac, vain-glorious, boast-
ing.

x a

a: <r

V

COaoJtjreacu;', or mao;trmeaca;<-,
boasting.

COaojtmeac, an objection.

COaol, bald; also blunt; Wei.
moel.

COaol, a servant; rather a shaved
person devoted to some saint or

. religious order. It was anciently,
out of reverence to saints, pre-
fixed to the name of men in
christening ; as, QQaol-Cbolum-
cjlle, which properly means St.
Columba's servant or devotee ;
roaol-Seaclu;nn, St. Seachluin's,
&c. ; in the same manner as
3pUa, ex. Qolla-Cholajm, Jjt-
la-pactnajec, gjotla-Ort; jjbe,
properly signifying the servant
of St. ' Patrick, of St Brigit,
&c.

COaol-ajjeantac, dull-witted, stu-
pid.

COaolaj jjm, or maolujm, to become
dull or stupid; also to allay.

GOaolbonn, a sword ; mootibO/U]
jrjonn-ajnjjb, a silver-hiked
sword.

COaon, mute, dumb.

GOaotta;-, a proper name.

GQaonmajje, a large territory of
the County of Gal way. anciently
the estate of the O'Mulallys,
English, O'Lally, and of the
O'Xeachtans, two very ancient
and noble families. This terri-
tory is now called Clanricard,
from Richard Burke, lord of that
country.

COao/t, a steward ; also a sergeant ;
maon among the Scots was an-
ciently the same with Baron af-
terwards, and maon-mort, with
Earl ; hence the royal family of
Stuarts, Dukes of Lennox, took
their name.

CQaot, tender, soft^jreojl ma
tender flesh; maot-j/tab, com-
passion.

QOaotao, a twig, osier, or bud ;
315

also any thing that is soft or ten-
der ; also a cartilage or gristle ;
also the ear ; also the xiphoides
or cartilage terminating the low-
er end of the sternum.
COaotla matra, acorns and fruit.
COaotmuab, nice, or delicate.
GQaot-pijleacb, wateriness of the
eyes.

aotugab, a moistening or soften-
ing; u, cajb <x cnama an mao-
tu^ab 5 fmja<\, his bones are
moistened with marrow.
COa/i, as, even as ; roan^jn, so, thus ;
man an cceabna, likewise ; also
where; man a ;ta;b fe, where
he was; man aon, together with,
along with, as well as ; ma^n aon
/iprn^-a, along with me.
COanac, or a manac, to-morrow;
<x;n na manac, the day after, or
the following day ; jan 5u j a
ma/tac, the day after to-mor-
row.

, ten thousand; Gr.
and Lat. myrias.
COanU, dead ; also heavy.
CDanbab, slaughter, massacre.
CDa^tbab and ma;tba;m, to kill or
slay ; bo ma/tb fe ;ab, he killed
them.

COanBa/1, a corpse, or dead body ;
also the margin of a book, man-
ban leaba;n.

COa/ib-bnaJbeact:, necromancy, the
art of consulting the manes of
the dead.

COanbnac and majnb.ie, an eles:y.
COartbcac, mortal, cruel.
C0a/xbco;/i, a murderer, a slaugh-
terer.

, a fort.

and maKcan, a horse; "\\"el.
march. It appears that this word
is both a Gaulish and a German
Celtic ; for in the first place, as
to the Gauls, we learn from
Pausanias, in his account of the
invasion of Greece by the Gaul-

oo a

a" J - •• t

ish army, consisting of 15,2000
foot and 20,400 horse, under the
command of Brennus and Achi-
chorius, near three hundred years
before Christ, that the Gauls
called a horse hy the appellative
of QOa/ican. — Vid. Pans. Phoc.
p. 335. This remark he makes
on occasion of the remarkable
circumstance, that every horse-
man had two servants constantly
attending him, and destined to
succeed in his post one after the
other, in case their master hap-
pened to be killed; by which
contrivance the 20,400 horse
were equivalent to 61,200. The
old Irish had the same custom,
and called those servants that
attended the cavaliers by the
nameof^ollajbeQn-e;c. And
as to the Germans, the national
name of the Jllarco-manni, so
called for their being famed for
good cavalry, shows, that they
called a horse by the name of
Marc.

C0a/ic<xc, a horseman, or rider;
ma/tctxc a;n-ct;fbe, an ignorant
or awkward rider ; ma/icac bajn,
a rehearser or reciter of a poem,
who attended the jrea/t band, or
poet; pi. ma/tcajj.

CO a/tea jbeacb, riding.

COa/ic-cOjmljflj, a horse-race.

COoificlcxc, any provision of victuals,
a large provision of food ; j: Ojb;^-
jn cua^a! Jacob <x mac Jo^ep
gona bacal ;ona lajm, ^mf
ma/iclac b;j <x/t ba b/tajt;i;b,
the noble Jacob sent his son Jo-
seph with his staff' in his hand,
and a good store of provision to
his brethren. — L. B.

C0<x/tc-lann, a stable.

jl, mackerel ; mac/te;t ca-
l, herring-hog.

-jHuaj, cavalry, or an army
of horse.

316

ro

COa)iT<xb, a market ; Lat. mercatus,
Wei. marchuad; also a bargain ;
ma/ijab rou/ica, a proverbial ex-
pression to imply a great bar-
gain ; otherwise called bo

OQa/i j<xn, a margin. /(

OOa/tla, rich clay or soil; Wei.

marie, and Germ, marga.
COa/imu/1, marble; cla^ ma/tnouj/t,

a marble table.

rosemary.
CO A/it, a beef; m<XfiC 03, or 65-

mcx/tt, a heifer.
GOa/tt:, March, also Mars; mjf

dba^tta, the month of March;

b;a ma^/fc, dies martis.
COa/tta, for ma/t <xta, such as.
CQa/ita/tajm, to maim, to make de-

crepid.

GOa/ttrcx/tca, maimed.
QQafitrojn, life.

GOa/ttanac, durable, eternal.
GOa/4C<U><XCj hopeful, blessed ; mac

ma/tcanac, a hopeful, happy

son.

GOa/ttanacb, eternity.
C0a/icu;n, to live; jonnuf 50 bjreu-

bab ^e ma/it:u;n abjpoca;/t, that

he may live with thee.
GOa/trJneac, a cripple.
OOa/it/-iaJ^m, to maim.

a^, if, i. e. ma a^ ; ma^ pe;b;/t

leacb a na;/ieam, if thou canst

number them ; m<\f bo; j le

neac, if any man think, also

whether; mcty* <x nbluc no <xn

;nneac b;a^-, if it be in the warp

or woof.

a^, a buttock, a flank, or thigh ;

jona ma^a;b lomnocb, with their

buttocks naked.
CQcy, excellent, handsome.
an, delay.
an, check or reproof.

6, slow, tedious.
C0a/-eab, then, therefore.
OQa^ta, reproach, scandal.
OOa^labac na cclo;beam, the clash-

CD

rc e

ing of swords.

la; jjm, and maylu jab, to de-
fame, to revile, or blaspheme ;
bo mAflaj j ye a;nm an C;o.;tna,
he blasphemed the name of the
Lord.

COaytu; jeac and maylajjceac, ig-
nominious.

COaca and macd JIM, although,
how be it, nevertheless.

GJaca, great ; also dark, gloomy.

COaca, a mattress.

COac, good.

COac, fruit.

COac, a hand.

COaca, Matthew, a proper name.

CUacab, a pardon.

C0aca;m, to forgive or pardon ;
ma;c bujnn <Xft bjrjaca, demitte
nobis debita nost'ra.

OQaca;;t, a mother ; Lat. mater,
and Gr. /uTjrjjp, which the Greeks
derive from their verb juaw, de-
sidero, because she desires good
things for her children. But if
it were a derivative, its radix
would be more naturally to be
found in the Irish language in
>t the word mac, good, without
bringing it in by an ellipsis, and
in a strained manner, as in the
Greek.
| COacaj/t, gore, matter.

COacajrt-ajl, the primary cause or
principal cause of a thing.

COacanba, of or belonging to a mo-
ther ; <ut cceanja macanba,
our mother tongue.

COaca/ibacc, the right of a person's
mother.

COaca/tO/in, matricidium, or the
murder of a mother.

GDaepab, doubt ; j<xn macjrab,
without doubt.

CDac-j<v5ajn, or maj-jo.bu;n, a
bear, i. e. a calf of the plain, or a
wild calf, because it is a kind of
a wild calf; mai-jamujn is the
true writing of this word, which
317

is corrupted into mac jamu;n
and macam<vjn by some of our
modern writers of the Irish lan-
guage. From this word maj-
T<xmu;n is derived the name of
the ancient and princely family
of O'ODa j- jamna, otherwise writ-
ten O'CDac-amna, Engl. O'Ma-
hony, descended from C&f, bro-
ther of |^1<xbptojc, the father of
^Engus, first Christian king of
Cashel, who was baptized by St.
Patrick. The O'Mahonys were
for many ages sovereign princes
of the countries or districts call-
ed Cjnecxl-e<xb, Cjnecvt-flDbe;ce,
Jb-Conlua, and all that part of
Musgry which lies southward of
the river Lee, and in later ages
of the large district called Scull,
together with that of JKe-6<xc<xc.
The ancient lustre of this prince-
ly family hath been revived in our
days by the great warrior Count
O'Mahony, whose distinguished
merit and qualities have survived
in the Counts his sons, and most
eminently in Count O'Mahony
the younger, now Lieutenant-
General of his Catholic Majesty's
forces, and his Ambassador Ple-
nipotentiary at the court of Vi-
enna. ; one of the most noble-
hearted Irishmen now living, ac-
cording to all accounts. The
ancient estate of this noble and
illustrious branch of the O'Ma-
honys was the territory called
Cjobfiab, in the County of
Kerry.

COe, I, me ; Lat. accus. me ; Gr. t^e.

CCeabal, shame ; also fraud, deceit.

GOeabalac, or meablac, deceitful,
fraudulent.

, the memory.

mindful.
, a fiction, a lie.

GOeacan, a parsnip.

CQeaccu? ujlljon, alicampane ; Lat.

ro e

entila campana.
COeacan bu;be, a carrot.
C0e<xc<xn-/t<x;b; j, a radish ; Lat. ra-

plianus hortensis.
GOecxc, hospitality.
CDeact/-io; g, the ox next the plough.
GQeab, increase, bigness ; genit.

me;b.
GQeabcxjjjm, to increase, to aug-

ment, or improve, &c. ; mejbeo-

c<x me jab, I will multiply them.
COeabaj jte, increased, multiplied.
C0eaba/i, a churn.
OOeab and meb, a balance, or scale ;

6;/i-meab, a scale to weigh gold;

<x/i5-meab, a scale to weigh sil-

ver ; plur. meaba and meaba;b ;

•) meabajb ca^amta, in un-

equal balances. Note. — This

word has been ill -explained in

the letter it at the word <x/t-

roeab.
CQeab, metheglin,' or mead ; Gr.

ju.tOo, vinum.
COeabac, a stallion.
CPeabac, fuddled with mead, or

abounding therewith.
C0eaba;g;m, to weigh or balance ;

also to consider.
GOeabajl, a belly, a paunch.
GDe<xb(x;/i, talk or speech, a dis-

course ; also merriment, mirth.
CQecxbaj/1, a forewarning of future

events.
GQetxbdruic, or meaba/tba, cheer-

ful, lively.
GOeabon, the midst, the middle or

centre.

0}e<xb/i<xc, glad, joyful.
CDecxbj, or me^bj, whey.
QQe<X£, the earth.
CQeat and me<xll, a ball, any lump

or knob; mealt jme, a round

cake of butter ; meal na ful, the

apple of the eye.
C0e<xll, a hill, hillock, or any rising

ground of a spherical shape ;

hence the name of several lands
the west of Ireland ; as,
318

n

meatla-b/teac, roeall na bo/i-
nan, &c.

OQetxla, vid. m;l ; be<xjan meala, a
little honey ; Lat. mel, and Gr.

i, a reproach.
GOeala, grief, sorrow ; mo/t <xn me-

<xlo. <x ba^1, his death is a cause

of great grief; hence <xt-mecxla,

repentance, recanting.
OQealb, and diminut. medtbog, a

satchel, or budget, a knapsack ;

gen. me;lb and mealbojge.
COeall and meo.U<xc, good, plea-

sant. ^
OQeaU<xb and meatlajm, to deceive,

or defraud ; c/teb pap. me<xtl ui

me, why hast thou deceived

me ?

OOealtra, deceived, defrauded.
00e<xlt;o;/i, or meallto;/t, a de-

ceiver.

CQealtt:o;/-ieoLct:, playing the cheat.
GOeam, a kiss.
OOeamcxjm, to kiss.
COeamb/ta, a shrine or repository of

holy relics.
COeamb/ium, parchment; Lat. mem-

brana.
C0eam<vj/i, tlie memory ; Lat. me-

moria. Written more usually,

but abusively, me<xba;/t.
COe<xmoi/-i<X)m, to remember ; also to

consider of; bo medma./tajj bj-

6jba;l bo;b, he studied their

harm.
GQecxm<x/t<xj jte, studied, considered

of.

GOecxmna/tcajm, to think.
QQe<vn<xb, an awl.
GQedrKXb, gaping or yawning.
COeanuj/t, he thought of; ba mo/t

bo ma;t: /to mc&nu)]i,multabona

excoitavit.

, plain, clear.
yawning.
, yawning ; and me<xn-

jru; jeat, the same.
OQecxnj, craft, deceit.

o e

co e

OCecinjcic, crafty, deceitful.

COeanj-ftojbte, sophistry.

G0eo,nnoo, and meo.nmo.n, courage,
vigour; o. meonmo. cpojbe, their
stoutness; also the will or de-
sire, the mind or memory ; tu-
gajb anjf <xnn tu/t jne<xnmu;n e,
bring it again to mind ; also
gladness, high spirits.

C0eo.nmo,c and mednamrxxc, cheer-
ful, in high spirits: corrupted
from meo./1-o.no.mno.c.

G0eo.nmo.rt0.b, thought.

Q0eo.nm-to,;5e. dullness, laziness,
weakness of spirits.

GOeaniDrxxjjjno, to regale, to glad-
de"n.

C0eo.nmu jo.b, an exhortation.

QDeanmujn, joy, gladness; po-ctao;
omo.6 mobile ^e mednmujn, ye
will go out with joy.

GOeonn, manifest.

COeann, famous, or illustrious, ce-
lebrated ; hence lu;j meojin, a
Dal-Cassian prince, who reco-
vered the entire Co. Clare from
the people of Connaught, and
added it to Munster ; bo. metxnn
jOno, ;roteo.cto.jb, he was cele-
brated for his expeditions and
actions.

C0eo.nn, dumb.

GDeo,/7;io.b, a place, or room.

CQeannan, a kid; meAnncin <xej;i,
otherwise 5<xfc»t;n ;i6c<x ; a snipe ;
so called, as in frosty weather
when it flies it makes a noise re-
sembling that of a kid.
deceit.

spearmint ; Lat. menta
spicata.

GDea/t, quick, sudden; 50 me<x/t,
soon.

COetXn, a finger or toe; tejce<xb
me; /i, an inch.

COe<X;i<x; jjm, to err, or mistake.
CDe<x^<x; je, a fool.
COe<Xft<x;t:ne, a slight or doubtful
knowledge of a person.
319

Xnbacb, sobriety.
flCea/iuj<xb, a mistaking, or erring.
'.fca, a lie, or fiction.

, a mistake ; also random ;
as, u/tcu/t roe<x^bu;l, a random
shot.

CCe<xnb<xtt<xcb, erring.
nQe<x/i-ban<x, fool-hardy.
CCednbanact:. rashness.
ClCe<XH-jfnxb, fondness.

dnca, brisk ; also obsti-
nate.

nj jce, idem ; also perverse.
jbe, a district in the County
of Galway, the estate of the
O'Neachtans and the O'Mul-
lallys,Engl. O'Lally.— Fid. ina-

, fruit, but particularly acorns;
^\ el. mesen, and Arm. mcsan.

, measure; also a rod used
for measuring a grave.

, a weapon ; also an edge or
sharp point.

, a pair of shears.
, a foster-child.
, a salmon.

, an advice, or opinion; al>o
conceit.
fOecvpx, worse, or worst.
GC'ea.pxn, a lap-dog.
CDe<X;~<x;ne, just weight, or due

measure.
OQea^<xm, to esteem ; also to think,

or suppose.
GCe<x^<xnb<v, temperate, frugal ;

me<x/~<x/ita, idem.
OQe^e 0.7-0. nbo.cc, temperance.
00eo.^o.nt:o.cb, idem.
C10eo.^co.OK, a sounding-line, or

plummet.

00eo.f-c;to.ob, a fruit-tree.
C0eo.;~-crtu;nn;jjm, to gather acorns.
(Deo^-cu, a lap-dog.
GOeo.^, among, or amongst; Bu/t
mea^j, amongst you ; Arm.
meask, and Wei. mijsk.
b; a mixture.
b and me<\<im, to stir

CD C

about, or move a thing ; to mix,
or mingle ; na/i mecyj <x lama
an ujfge, who hath not rinsed
his hands in water.
- jo/it, an orchard,
an acorn.

to presume or suppose,
consider, observe ; mea^, discern
thou ; mea^- e, consider it ; ma/1
mea^-rao;^;, as ye suppose ; an
ua;/i bo mea^- ye an cataj/t,
when he had observed the city.

ffteata, cowardly, fearful ; jrea/i
meata, a coward.

(TOeatracb, cowardice.

GOeat, decay.

03eata bala, or bo meatba;l, at
least.

DOeatac, perishable ; also a dege-
nerate person.

OOeatac, fat.

GOeata; jjm, to grow fat ; bo mea-
cu; j tru, thou art grown fat.

OOeatajm, to fail; also to pine
away ; a/iba;/t meata^f, corn
that fails.

COeata^, the fat, fatness.

(Deatar/iab, fatlings.

flOe;b, bigness, magnitude, the sup-
posed number or quantity; <xn
me;b bo ma;/i, that which sur-
vived ; an mejb bo b; ^an ccat-
;ia;j, as many as were in the
town.

G0e;be, a stump, or stock, a trunk.

f)0e;b;z;, whey; Wei. maidh.

G0e;bgama;jl, like whey, serous.

00e;b;^e, the middle or midst.

CTJe;bleac and mejleac, bleating

as a sheep.

• GOejbteab and mejl;im, to bleat ;
Gr. jueXoc? cantus.

CDe;j)oUac, the bleating of a
goat.

OOejigoUajm, to bleat like a goat.

00e;le, a hand-mill.

C0e;leab> bleating ; mejleab na
tt/teub, the bleating of the
flocks.

320

, death.
, milk. J^

COejljm, to grind; also to pound or
bruise ; Gr. f.iv\uv, Lat. mo/are ;
bo me;l ^e, he ground; bo me;-
teb;^-, they did pound.

00e;ll, a cheek; diminut. me;lljn.

00e;ll;oc, the globe.

ClQe;lt:, grinding ; aj me;lc an a^n-
ba;/i, grinding the corn.

0?e;tc, casting, or hurling.

C0e;meab, a poem.

flOejn, the mind; Lat. mens ; mejn
mat, or ma;'cme;neac, well-
minded.

CDe;n, or men, ore of any metal ;
gen. of mjan.

OOejnn, quality ; also a mien.

00e;nneama;l, affable, well-dis-
posed.

G0e;/i, the genit. of mea/t, fingers
or toes.

flOe;/ib, slow, tedious.

ODejftbe, weakness, dullness.

OOe;/-iBe, a lie.

CDej/iceann, a finger.

0])e;/tb;teac, a whore, a harlot ;
Lat. merttrix.

/ieaca^, fornication,
and mj/te, madness. *'
, rust.

e, an ensign, a standard, or
banner; ex. bo togbab me;;i^e
mu/tc'a ; <x^ t/iat a; jce a;^i <xtt-
mu;-icu;b ; the banner of the great
Morrogh (son of Brien Boirbhe)
was displayed, and struck a ter-
ror into his foreign foes.

c, rusty, full of rust.

GQe;;ijeall, roughness, rnggedness.

03e;;i;n na ma^, the herb agri-
mony ; Lat. agrimonia.

GOej/ileac, a thief, a rogue, a rebel;
a mejfileaca, O ye rebels.

OOejfitrneac, feeble, fatigued ; writ-
ten also me^trn;be.

OQejy, a dish or plate; gen.
dim. mejpn.
, bad, wicked.

n: e

COej;-e<MYii7i\;j;m, to judge.
Q0e;;-je, drunkenness ; —

drunk.
Cflejfj, a judge.
QQe;/-;, fairies; commonly called

, a little dish.
G0e;;~neac, courage ; cu;/i me;/--

necic Onm, encourage me ;

neab and me^nujab,

also exhortation.
C0e77-neama;l, courageous ;

teamajl, ?Y/ew.
C0e;^n; j;m, to encourage, to nou-

rish or cherish; to refresh or

enliven, to exhort ; ire^n; j;b

;ab j:e,1<i, they encourage them-

selves; bo irejfnj'g me, I h:\ve

comforted.

00e;/-/i;oba/i, a bushel.
GOe;/7V' ghosts, apparition^.
C0e;t, fat, corpulent.
C0e;teallac, a fading.
QOejtjtjoy, fatne>~.
COele, a woman's coif.
COele, a sluggard ; also a cowardly

soldier.
COelj, death.
COeli;, the point of death ; death-

bed.

COel; jjm, to bleat as a sheep.
COen or m;<xnac, ore.
COen, a mouth ; Wei. min, a lip.
0>en-ma't<x, a whale, i. e. ble;bmjol,

ger or toe.

^

oban, a means ; also the middle

or^centre ; Lat. medium.
COeObanac, small ; also the middle-

most.

COeo/t or meu/t, a finger.
COeOftan and meo^<xcan, a thimble.
Wtjitnfxjm, to weaken.
COeten, a veil or coveriu^.
GOecte and mecjl, a reaping.
CDetjned/-, a consumption.
CQeub, greatness ; rid. me;b.
OOeubal, the maw, a ventricle, or

tripe.

GCeu/1 and mea-t, plur. mejM, a fin-
321

/' and meaca;", latne— .

CO; and mjdf, a month.

CD;<xc, a bag or budget.

00;<xb, honour, respect ; also noble,
honourable.

00;<xbu; j, a hog or swine.

GDJan and mjon, the will or desire,
willingness ; <X;" mj^n te<vm, I
purpose; <xn n;b af m;<xn te;;'
bo beunam, the thing he intends
to do.

G0j<\n<ic, ore; also a mine; cujce
no poll mjoinac, a mineral or
mine; <x j-e Cjajanma;- 00 .v
OOac J^al p-vij/i
<x^ ttu^* an C;»'.;.'
o;tnjb o;cj/t l;pe bo
bjob aga b'ea;t6ab, Tighermas,
the son of Fallavan Mac Eirial,
first discovered gold ore in Ire-
land, which was refined at Fo-
thart, on the banks of the Liftey.
— K. rid annum mundi 301 1. —
Vid. Flah. Ogig. p. 19.3.

CD;anbul;tab, abnegation.

OOJan ja;- and m; an jujr, desire, ap-
petite.

CD;an ja^ac, longing, desirous of.

00;a^" and genit. me;/", a charger, or
dish ; mja^ clua^ac. a porrin-
ger.

CO;a/~, an altar.

03jc, the genit. of mac, a son ; mac
a ni;c, his grandson.
, ingratitude.
, an affront.

03;celire, an evil omen, or an omi-
nous presage.

OOJceabpa, indignation, Jer. 10.
10. displeasure.

C0;ceabpv\c, displeased with, vexed
at, discontented.

CD;cejU and m;c;all, madness, fol-
ly ; <vtd tu a;t m;ce;ll, thou art
mad.

CD;ce;ll;je, foolish, mad, sense!*

C0;cejll;£;m, to rave, to doat.

C0;cnea^ra. inhuman, uncivil.
2s

CO )

Q0;c/ie;b;om, unbelief.

C0;b, the sight, or aspect.

CQ;be, the County of Meath.

CQ;beo.m<xlrcxc, frugal.

03;beamu;n, meditation.

COJbeanj, slender-waisted.

C0;b;omo.lta, doubtful.

CP;b;on, ill-coloured.

G0;-e; jreacbac, vain, of no effect.

CO;- j/i;orr), iniquity, lewdness.

CO; j/ie<xnn, disdain or loathing.

C0;l, and in the genit. meala, ho-
ney ; m;t fjjijn, wild honey;
beajan mealu., a little honey ;
Gr. mt\i, and Lat. mel.

CO; I, or m;le<xb, a soldier, or cham-
pion ; Lat. miles, and Wei. mi-
lur, Heb. "j^Dj rex.

nO;t5;/t, mead or metheglin ; from
m;l, honey, and b;/t, water ; as
that liquor is made of honey and
water.

QD;lceo, mildew.

C0;le, a thousand ; plur. m;ltte ;
iD;tte bo m;U;uninb, thousands
of millions; also a mile; t/t;
m;le, three miles ; Wei. mil,
Lat. mille; and m;ll;a^e, a mile.

C0;ne<xc, a thorn, or bodkin.

C0;l;b, a soldier or champion.

OQ;l;je, the point or article of
death.

CQ;l;jteac, wan, pale; composed
of the negative no; ; and I; je,
the complexion, features.

CO;l;/~, sweet or savoury, well-
tasted; from m;l, honey; Wei.
melys.

0^;lf:ea/i, a soldier.

00;ll, the plur. of meall, balls,
knobs.

OD;lleu.b, a ruining or spoiling.

C0;tle<xb and m;tl;no, to mar or
spoil ; m;lljr;b an zOfitra <xn ta-
tam, the famine will destroy the
earth.

OQ;tl;ub, a bad sight, or a fasci-
nating look.
C0;lty*eacb. sweetness.
322

GD;U;~ecin, any sweet thing, a sweet-

meat ; also cheese-curds.
CQ;il^ean m<x/i<x, a sort of sea-

weed.

C0;llte, ruined, spoiled.
CX)jUte6;/t, an oppressor.
00;lltne, m;ltrneact, or m;l;ot<xc,

bravery, gallantry.
OOjlmeacan, a mallow.
C0;l^e, sweetness ; also more sweet.
OOJtte, plur. of m;te, thousands.
GQ;iT)ea^u.;m, to undervalue, to de-

spise.

CD;ir)e<x/~to., vile, mean.
flO;rT)e;p7;j;m, to discourage, to

terrify; c/teb j:<x m;-nie^r);jt:;,

why do ye discourage, Num. 32.

7 ; na m;me;y-n; j, be not afraid,

Jer. 30. 10.
CD;n, fine, tender, delicate ; <xn jreu/t

m;n, the tender grass ; 50 m;n,

gently, softly.
ClO;n, a plain, a fine field.
CD;n, meal, flower; bo m;n o/in<x,

of barley meal.

G0;n-b/i;/-;m, to bruise, to crumble.
ClO;nb/ie<xc, a little image.
Cftjne, smoother ; also smoothness.
0?;ne, jmsillanimity.
fO;r)e;te, a feather.
OD;/ieac, mealy.
flOJneacb, softness, gentleness.
COJnea jdb, politeness.
GOjndbu/ita, unnatural, or ill-na-

tured.

00;necxU(Xc, small cattle, sheep.
CD;/7^reu/t, grass.
00;n;c, frequent; 50 m;n;c, often,

continually ; Wei. nnjinjk.
G0;n;ujab, smoothness; also tam-

ing.
G0;n; j;m, to smooth or polish ; also

to explain.
c, a lie.

ignorance.

, the herb milmountain, or
purging-flax.

C0;oabrr)u;i, untowardly, awkward.
OQ;obal, unthrii'tiness.

03

03

COjocajne, a present.
C0joca;/t, loving. affable.
C0joc<x;/tte, a monster.
COjocci^, ingratitude ; also dis-
esteem.

c, ungrateful.

GQJoclu, dispraise, reproach.
flQ;oclujteac, infamous.
GO/ocojngjoU, deceit, treachery.
(Djoco;nj;oU<xc, treacherous ; 50

m;oco;ng;oUdc, perfidiously.
ODJocomtjiom, unjust, unequal.
GOJocujnecty", a donation, or pre-

sent.

GOJobbajb, protection.
CDJobcuajftt, a whirlpool.
CC;ob-bu;le<j.b, a loathing.
OQJob-bu;l;jjm, to detest, or abhor.
COJob-buCftact;, negligence.
GQjOboj, a knife.
COJo-jrojgjb, impatience.
COJo-jco; j;bec\.c, impatient.
GQjo- jmamac, lewd, mischievous.
COJol, a louse.
,-* OOJol, any beast; mjol bu;be, a

hare; mjol mop, a whale; mjol

cpjon, a moth; mjol gujle, a

belly-worm.

COJol<xb<xritac, froward, sullen.
COJolac , brutish ; also lousy.
Q}Jol<xjrinevXc, thoughtful, melan-

choly.
COJolc<vj/teacb, a soothing or flat-

tering.

QOJolctxm, to flatter or soothe.
GQJolcoman, a park.
COjolcu, and genit. mjolcujn, or

mjolcon, a greyhound.
COJol^cojteacb, eloquence.
C9Jot^-co;c:;, eloquent, affable, de-

bonnair.
OQJoltoj, a fly; mjoltog teaca;/i,

a bat.

COjOirxx^-c, a lance, or spear.
0);om<xco.r/to., dislionest.
C0;om<xcantu.ctr, dishonesty.
00;om<xo, scandal, reproach ; from

m; and mob, and therefore to be

written m;o-mob, uncivilitv.

G0;om<xm, to reproach, or revile ;
also to profane; potitts mjomo-
bam ; bo mjo-moba't m(X;nm na-
Omta, tliey profaned my holy
name.

GD;omu;nJjjn, diffidence, mistrust.

03;on, appetite, an earnest desire.

GD;o/7, a letter.

C0;on, small, little; mjon-cij/tne;^,
small cattle, viz. sheep, goats,
&c. ; Wei. man, Gr. juivuoc,
affice, pro JJUKOOQ, parvus, and
Lat. minus, comparat. gradus

00;onac, bowels, entrails.

GOJonac, metal.

OQJona;/te, impudence, assurance.

GOJo-najtteac, shameless, impu-
dent.

GQ/oncin, a kid ; rid. meannan ;
Wei. niyn.

03jonar"b/tal<xcb, ministering. —
Mark, I, 13.

03;onb/tubmann, a haggess, or minc-
ed meat.

03/onca, oftener ; bu^ m;onc<x, of-
tenest, comparat. of mjnjc.

GOjonb/iu; jjm, to mince or crumble ;
mjOflUrtujTjrjit ;C\b <x ccobujb,
they shall be dashed in pieces.

GDjOnj/KXjm, to gnaw.

OOjonn, a bell.

G0;onn, the head, the skull, or the
crown of the head; ex. bcut
mjonnd.;b n<x nt\om, by the heads
of the saints; hence the word
m;onn is adopted to signify a
holy relic ; and hence it signifies
an oath, or solemn protestation
made before God and man, be-
cause immediately after the es-
tablishment of Christianity in
Ireland they usually swore so-
lemnly by the relics of the
saints; ex. tug j~e n<x mjonna,
he took his oath, or literally, he
swore by the relics; b/to;c-m;on-
na, perjury ; m;onn-/i;05b<x, a
diadem, or a regal crown.

, to swear; noc bo m;-

ro

CQ 0

^, which he swore.
COjonnan, a kid.
COjcm/7-/t<xnn, a short verse.
COjo/inugab, vowing, or swearing.
GDjOnnlacb, gentleness, mildness.
GQjo/io^-ac, morose.
QQ;o;iu/iac, a small pitcher.
GQ;on/i;o j, a petty king or prince,
r/leac, pink-eyed.
7, a small bird, a titmouse.
", mint.

-, ingratitude.
ro;0;ibab, to kill or destroy.
G0;o/tba;lle and m;o/ibu;le, a mira-
cle, or wonder, a prodigy ; it is
like the Latin mirabile ; as, m;-
o/tbujljb £)e ; Lat. mirabilia
Dei.

i, miraculous.
t, a private grudge,
and mjf, a month; Wei.
mis, and Cor. miz. We find
that the Latins formerly wrote
Diesis, and not mensis ; ex. me-
sibus X. Florus vixit, et Silrana
ftf/n Niciati marito vixit, annis
tribus et mesibus duobus. — Vid.
Fabretti, pag. 106, 110. And
the Spaniards call it inese ; It.
mes.

ijo^ac, the plant called purging-
flax; Lat. linum cat/tar tic urn.
\., displeased.
-, spite, hatred.

c, spiteful.
a curse.

f, grudge, or spite,
/'-am, rough, rugged, hard.

i;mneac, restless, trouble-
some.

COjoyujt and mjo^uj/teacb, mea-
sure, mensuration.
CD/Otal, metal.
OQ;ota;n;m, to displease.
0);ota;t:n;omac, disagreeable, un-

pleasanl.

C0;ota/tbac, unprofitable.
OOjbtu/ia^a, a bad omen.
CQjocog, a woollen glove.
324

GOJ/i, a ]>ar t, or share ; n

m;/t;b, in four ])arts.
OOJ/t, the top or summit of a thing ;

nojft bu/t/td, superiority.
GO; /-ie, levity, madness; <x/t m;^te,

distracted.

CDJ/ieann, a portion or share.
GOJ;te<x/-unta, unreasonable.
OQJ^t;<x j<xltoi, untractable, unruly.
C0;-/t)a ju;t, transgression ; also re-
bellion.

OQ;/tte, a ball to play with.
OQ;/t/ta and m;0jt/t, myrrh, a sort of

gum used in embalming dead

bodies.

C0j/ttt\;t, a myrtle-tree.
Wjf) a month ; rid. mjOf.
COJ^eamndc, agreeable, adequate.

(., a calumnious story.
I, I, myself; <x tajm^;, pro •

<xta m;^;, I am.

jfjmjn-bea/ig, bog-mint, meittha

aqtiatica.

~, foul play.

, courage; <\f mo mjf-

\^f macna;^, the most

courageous and fond.
G0jpieama;l, courageous.
CO) fee, an mjfte me, am I the

worse for it.
QQjtjrjM, weak.
COjtjb, jf m;t;b, it, is time.

% time.

j, the })oint of death.
COna, the plur. of bean, women or

wives; ba mnao;, to his wife.
QJnamlacb, bashfulncss, effeminacy.
QQn;g, an epitaph.
CU6, a man, abusively written moj

and mob, nearly of the same ]>ro-

nunciation with mo. This word

mo must have been originally in

the Latin toninie, or lingua

mm ^

prisca of the Aborigines of Italy,
as aj)]>ears 1>\ the Roman words
homo and nemo ; the former sig-
nifying a man, or matt, and the
latter no man ; in which words
the prefixes Iio and nc are added

a: o

oo o

lo the *'ibstu'.itive mo, a man., as
Mgns of the positive and nega-
tive. Tliis word mo is preserved
even in compounds of the Irish
language, as in the compound
word Ian-mo, abusively written

. and pronounced lan-mu, a mar-
ried couple, Ian signifying en-
tire, and mo, a man ; because a
married couple may be deemed
only one entire man, or one
flesh, according to the Scrip-
tural expression, crunt duo in-
come una.

\ my, mine ; mo capo.!, my
horse, &c.

- COo, greater ; n; bu^ mo na, more
than.

CQoc, early, soon ; go moc an ma;b;n,
early in tlie morning ; Lat. t/:oj:

G0oc-aba;b, ripe before its time.

COocb, promotion.

COoct:, great.

COocc/tat, the dawning of the day.

f. GJob, a manner or fashion ; an an

mob fO, after this manner ; ta-i

mob, beyond measure ; an mob

jim, in so much that; Lat. ?«of/«s.

COob, work.

CGob or mO£, a man ; also a servant
or slave ; Lat. homo.

C0oba;bea/-, husbandry.

lOobairm;!, or momu;l, mannerly,
well-behaved.

COobamlact, mildness, gentle be-
haviour.

COoban, ;te mobnujb, in travail ;
said or' a woman in child-birth.

COcb-bam, a plough-ox.

GOob-mangab, a slave-market.

COobpXjne, slavery, bondage ; writ-
ten also mog;-v\;ne.

and mo^ul, the husk of any
secd or fruit; TO mojlu;b mb
ful. to my eyelids ; also the ap-
ple of the eye ; also a cluster or
branch.

o^atlac, lull of husks : also plen-
teous.

325

^, written for mob, a manner ;
I- id. mob.

GQo jdjbe, a husbandman, a churl,
a labourer, or slave.

OTc jbO'in, a remarkable mountain
and river in Ulster.

CDojnd. a salmon.

GOo j^-<x;ne and mo j;-u;nne, slavery ;
also iealty, homage.

COojujb, mocking; j^a,^ mojujb,
a scoffer : rid. ma^ajb.

ClDo;b, plur. mo;be, a vow, an oath :
mojb ge<xnmnu;be<xctrv\; a vow of
chastity.

COojb, pro me;b; as, mo;b mean-
man, the height of courage.

CQo;be, greater ; acb jf mojbe
be; jmeaba,i;'<xn, but they cried
out the more.

OQojbe. ex. mojbe me, I am the
better.

CTDojbeac, a votary.

CDojbeam, boasting, bragging.

GDojb, <x mo; j, abroad.

C0o;b jeattab, a vow.

C0o;b;m, to vow or swear ; also to
ascertain; as, ma-x mo;b;b 6a;;ib,
as the bards make out ; ma/t a/t
mo;b;j tu mo;b bam^a, where
thou vowest a vow unto me.

C0o;bte, devoted.

005; j, te mo; j, at most.

Cfto; jeaneo.H, happy is he ; mo; je-
anedft jrea/t bo cona;/tc an la
7-0, happy is the man that saw
this day ; mo; jeanean an re,
happy is he : it is pronounced
mune/t.

CDo;t, a kind of black worm.

C0o;l, a heap cast up; Lat. moles.— t

C0o;ll and mo;lle. delay or stay.

0}o;lt;n, dim. of molt, a hogrel.

G0ojme;nr, a moment.

0?o;n, a mountain ; Lat. mom ;
mo;n-mo/t, the long mountain
which runs through the countries
of Barret and Musgry ; mo;n an
mullajj, a high mountain in the
County of Tipperary.

no o

cc o

\ C06;n, turf; also a bog, where it is
cut; genit. nnona; Wei. maun,
turf, fuel ; poll noon<x, a turbery,
or turf-pit.

QQojn-jreu/t, a meadow, i. e. moun-
tain-grass ; oy mo;jij:e<x/t<v;!5, out
of meadows: it is abusively writ-
ten mo;nea/i. N. B. This word
shows that the Irish formerly
used no other hay but what grew
on coarse or boggy grounds.

CQ5;n/"e, a peat pit, or turbery.

QPo;/tb, an ant or pismire.

COoj/tecty-ab, the falling sickness.

C0o;/t-cea<it;, justice, clemency.

Q3o;/te;/*, haughtiness.

CDo;/t-pe<Xrtt:(Xnnac, rainy.

CDoj/i-jfljbteacb, magnificence.

00o;n-me<xrxxmnac, magnanimous.

GOojjt-meapvjm, to magnify.

tfjo^wejf, great streams of water.

C0o;/t-y-e;/~ea/i, seven.

GQoj/iteabj dregs; <x/t <x rooj/ttjb,
on its lees.

C10o;;tte<xl, a cripple, or lame man

or woman.

' CQo;/tt:e<xl and rooj/iteut, mortar,
or plaster.

QDo;/tt;eu;t, a pounding-mortar.

OQo;/it:;^ a mortise ; also a tenon ;
bcv. moj/itjr, two tenons. — ExocL
36. 24.

COo;yleab(X/i, an ethic book.

CQol, a congregation, a flock, or
number.

COot, loud, clamorous.

OQol mu;ll}n, the beam that turns
round in a mill, and sets the
whole in motion by the means
of wheels that are affixed to it.

C0ol<xb, praise.

GOolcv/m, to praise ; bo mot<j.b<x;t <x
jne, they commended his com-
plexion.

GOolajm b;a, I praise God ; Lat.
tinmolo Deo, I praise or offer
sacrifice to God.

GOolcxn, rather tnatan, a small liill
or brow.

326

COolbtdc or moltrac, praise-worthy.

COolc, fire.

OQotpo., great.

GQolt;, a weather. From this Cel-
tic Irish word comes the French
moulton, which is now written
mouton; Angl. mutton, Wei.
molht.

OQoluac, a marsh.

G0ott<x, praised, extolled.

OOomurt and mom<x;«xc, stately, no-
ble.

CDon, or mima, if not. —

OQon, a trick, a wile.

COonab, money. ,\

QQondb, the genit. of noo;n, a moun-
tain ; <x noon<x;b, in the moun-
tains.

Q0oncx;^t;/i, a monastery.

C0on<x/i, work.

00ono./tc<x, a shop, or workhouse.

QOong, the main or crest of a horse
or other beast; mon5-^"tedb<xc,
a fine crested horse.

QOonja/i, roaring.

GOonmci/t and munb<x/i, murmuring,
detraction.

OOonua/1, alas !

QQ6/1, great in quality or bulk.
When spoken of animate things
it is put after the substantive;
ex. j:e<x/t roo/i, a great man, or a
lusty man; capal mo/t, a big
horse, &c. But when spoken of
inanimate things, it is put before
the substantive, as in these com-
pound words; ex. mo/t-bal<xct,
arrogance ; mo^i- j^a;n, abomina-
tion; Wei. maur.

CQo/t, with a substantive plural sig-
nifies many ; ex. mo/t-lcxjte, ma-
ny a day, &c.

CDo/taccacb, rottenness, corruption.

G0o/i<x; j;m, to magnify.

005/talra, moral.

OD6/i<xlrcxcb, morality.

n, a great number, a multi-
tude; mo/tan mo^, a great, many.
a great quantity; Gr.

CO 0

cu u

ten thousand ; and f_ivptoi>, inft-
/ tit urn.
COoitaonac. i. e. mo'i eanceacr, a

irreat convention, or assembly.
COoitc, a liog, or swine.
C00;tc, great, huge.
CDo;tco;nt>, or muftcOjnb, a fleet.
C06;t-CMO;beac, magnanimous.
C05;i-cno;beacb, magnanimity.
Q}6ncttO}b, a highway.

tr, the tailing sickness.
, corruption.

, a grand tour, or visi-
tation of a kins; to his subjects,
which was anciently practised in
Ireland; or of a bishop to the
clergy of his diocese, to inspect
into the state of their ecclesiastic
affairs.

, corrupt ; <x tajb mo
tra mOftcujbte, my wounds
are corrupt.

COoitba. great, magnificent.
GCoftbact, greatness, majesty.
C06/tba;l, boasting ; also pride.
CDoftbajt, an assembly or conven-
tion, a diet or parliament ; moj\-
bajl bftoma ce;tr, the parliament
of Dromceit in the County of
Derry, at which were present
ttobgan, king of the Scots, and
Cqlum Cjile, Abbot of I.
COonbalac, proud, vainglorious.

, the main ocean.
, corruption.
, abomination.
, precious, valuable.

a lord mayor, also a
high steward.

50 mormon, especially,
moreover.

, wormwood.
, devastations by fire.
, good., pleasure. — Matt. 3.
17.

oftto/ijtac, very big with child ;
also very fruitful, plentiful,
o^u; j;m, to extol ; monuj jea^
O;a, let God be magnified.
327 "

COo/tu jab, magnificence.

CCo/tu<xb and mortuac, a mermaid,
a sea-monster; Cor. and Arm.
morhiich.

, a manner or fashion ; Lat. mos.
c, of or belonging to manner
or fashion.

, a moat, or mount.

OCoc, the male of any creature.

CDorac, i. e. co/ico.c, fertile, fruit-
ful, pregnant.

COorajjjm, to feel; also to per-
ceive, to know; n;on mocd;j me
aon pjan, I felt no pain; njo/t
mocu;jeaba.;n <xn caff, they per-
ceived not the matter.

COocajjceac, sensible.

C0ot-a.fi, a park ; moca;t cnann, a
tuft or cluster of trees.

COocu jab, the sense of feeling.

COotrcar, a he-cat.

COuab and muajb, a cloud.

COuab, an image.

COuab, the middle or midst.

COi/ab, noble, good ; Wei. mad.

COuab, soft, tender; Wei. medlial.

CCuabajm, to form or shape.

COuabbkyg, very loud, or noisy.

COuab jfia;b, a platform.

COual, the top of a hill.

COuc, a swine, hog, or pig ; diminut.
mu;c;n ; Wei. mochijn ; muc /ta-
ma|t, a fat pig; muc a;n;be, a
sow with younii pigs ; muc-alla,
an echo, i. e. the pig of the clift'
or rock.

COuc, an instrument of war, where-
by besiegers were secured in
their approaching a wall ; like
the Pluteus or penthouse of the
Romans, covered over with twigs,
hair-cloth, and raw hides, and
moving with three wheels.

C0uc-ja;ne, a shelf, or quick-
sands.

COuc-ma/ia, a porpoise, quasi, a
sea-hog.

COuc, smoke.

COuca, an owl.

CO U

CD U

C0uca;m, to extinguish, smother;
bo mucab an tejne, the fire was
quenched ; noc roucay bao;ne a
1~&W°r <v^a/* a m;lleab, which
drowns men in destruction and
perdition.

ODucan, a chimney.

COucna, dark, gloomy ; la roucna,
a day of gloominess.

COucnac, hoggish, morose.

OQucnacb, grimness, moroseness.

OQucjta; j, a gammon of bacon.

GOucuyj, swine]s grease.

GQuba and mubujab, a dying, or
perishing.

OQubaftn, an ankle ; bo nea/tt u; j-
eab mubaftnaj j ajuy bonnajbe
<x coy, his feet and ankle bones
received strength ; bo baba^i na
Jjujyjeaba 50 nujge mo rriu ja;t-
tan, the waters were up to my
ankles.

COubla, to kill.

OJu ja and mu jab, destruction ;
noc bo cuajb <x muga, which
was lost; tejb ye a muja, he
perished.

G0u ja;m, to kill, to destroy ; also
to perish, to be put to death ; bo
mu jab an mac/-ia, the male chil-
dren were put to death ; bo mu-
ja;bea/i ;ab le pxoBa/i an clo;-
b;m, they destroyed them with
the edge of the sword ; nj mu jo-
ca;b an bl; je, the law shall not
perish.

OOugafib, the herb mugworth ; Lat.
artemisia.

COuja/tt, ex. muga/it muc me;t: b;
bo b;teat, porcum pinguem ipsi
dedit, a hog.

CQaj/-ia;be, slaves; po /iomab mu j-
fia^be, the number of slaves was
increased.

GDi/;ceaba, (Co/ica-mu;ceaba,) the
ancient name of a large territory,
possessed since the tenth century
by the Macneirys of Castletown
Mac-Eniry, extending from the
328

river OOa;^ to the hill of GOuUae-
a-no;y, and Newcastle in the
west of the County of Limerick :
it comprehended all the lands
now called Claenglais, together
wilh the large parish and district
of Castletown Mac-Eneiry. This
family are the descendants of the
eldest son of Mahon, king of
Minister in the 10th century, and
elder brother of the great Brien
Boiroimhe.

00u;cpeojl; bacon, pork.

OQu;c, sadness, dullness.

CQujce, day-break; a mujce lao;,
at the dawning of the day.

OQu;c;be, a swine-herd; mujcjbe
Ct);lco, St. Patrick, when a boy,
was the swine-herd of Milcon,
king of £)ala/i;ta;be, or the east
part of Ulster, i. e. of the County
of Antrim. a.

GQujcJneac, a low-lived person, a
plebeian.

COujjrleb, a muffler.

OOujjjm, to fail or falter, to fall,
to be defeated; ex. bo iT)u;jea-
ba/t a coy a pao;, his feet failed
under him ; bo mu; jeab an cat
a;/i Chonactrajb, the Conacians
were defeated ; bo riiumb a
-j;ean ja^/ie a;/i, he fell a laugh-
ing.

COujl or mujll, delay ; mu;ll e;ybe-
acca, slowness of attention, or
defect of hearing.

GOujtajbeacb, an ill scent.

OQujleann and mu;lenn, a mill; a .>
mu;lt)b, in the mills ; Wei. iur-
lin, Gr. ftuAr?, a mill.

COti)Ue, a mule ; noc fua^i na
mujlljbe yan bpayac, wrho found
mules in the wilderness. — Gen.
36. 24.

ClQujUeab, to prepare.

C0u;llean, a little bell; rona mu;l-
leanna;b 6;/t, with golden bells.

OQujme, a nurse.

C0u;n, the back ; a/t mujn, upon ;

CD U

v\it bo mujn, upon thy back ;
Wei. mumigh.

CDu;r> and mujne, the thorn-tree;
also the name of the letter 00 ;
also a bush or bramble.

CUujnce and mujnceab, a collar, a
torquis, an ornament worn about
the neck or arm ; mu;nce 6;;t jra
fc/ttijabajb na nua^al, golden
collars about the necks of the
nobility ; Lat. manica.
• COujne, a bush ; also a mountain.
N. B. — Several particular moun-
tains in Minister are called by
this generic name of a mountain,
as are several others by that of
mojn, another generic name there-
of; Lat. mons.

OOujneac, thorny.

C0u;nec.b, a teaching or instruct-
ing.

CDujneal and mujneul, the neck ;
bot mu;ne<il, from off thy neck ;
mu;neal no, Idjme, the wrist ;
Lat. monile, an ornament worn
on the neck.

CC'ujnjm, to teach or instnict ; mu;n-
pe me bujt, I will teach you ;
£dn butajg bo mujnjrea^ m;^e
bujt, in the land that I will show
thee ; Lat. moneo.

CCu;n; jneac, stout, confident.

flOu;n;r> and mu;n; jjn, hope, confi-
dence.

COujnjujab, possession.

COu;nrT)ea/i, hemlock.

CCujnntea/t and mujnt/jt, men, peo-
ple, a clan or tribe ; an iriuptrj/t
bo b; na pannab, the men that
were with him; muptean CV.T
;t;o j, the king's people.

CDujn^-eab, a necklace, a collar.

£Pu;nte, taught, also teaching ; as,
tucb mujnte, teachers ; bujne
beaj-mujnce, a well-bred man.
i, family, people.

, kind, friendly ; /"pjo-
mujnteaftba, a familiar spi-
rit.

329

CD U

CDu/ntea/iba;", kindness.

CDu;nteoj;t, a teacher.

OOujit and moj/t, the sea ; genit.
mcift<x; Lat. mare, Wei. mor.

C0u;nbletxjab, amazement.

00u;;t5/iucb, a high tide.

ac, or muj;tcea»tbac,
the proper name of a man very
common among the old families
of Ireland, and literally signify-
ing expert at sea, or an able na-
vigator.

c, a fleet or squadron at
sea.

/teac, a wave.

cu, cort-upted into COu/ictx,
the proper name of a man among
the old Irish, and literally signi-
fying a sea-hound.

CDu;/teac, a sailor or mariner.

CDuj/ieabdc, the proper name of a
man, signifying a mariner.

02u;;teabac, a sovereign, or lord.

C0u;/tedn, a woman.

CDu;/ie<xnr), a dart or spear ; also a
woman's name.

CDujjtjreact, a fleet ; ex. mujupeaot
/-eacc pc;b long ;te gejncjb, a
fleet of 140 sail belonging to the
Gentils, i. e. the Danes, com-
monly so called by the Irish. —
rid.'Ckron. Scot. "ad an. 849.

^ujMfjb, mu;/ip;b fe me, he will
kill me.

OQu;»tjeaj, a frith, or narrow sea.
, a mermaid, i. e.

c, dull, stupid.

, stupidness.
, a great noise.
ft; j;;i, a burden, or charge.
;tjjjne<xc, burdensome ; also
poor ; jrea/t mu;/t; jneac, having
a great family to support.
CDu;/tn, a troop or company.
n, natural affection.
c, fond, affectionate.

an overseer.

Q0u;ttn;i;jm and

, to burden

0) U

CO U

or load.

COujftnjn, a dearly beloved.
G0u;/tt, riches.

CQu;^c;-i;t-m;otajne, was the an-
cient name of the territory which
in latter ages bore the name of
CDu/-c/ijt: ) pbt<x;nn, extending
from the river Dribseach to Bal-
lyvoorny, now in the County of
Cork: its chief lord was O'Flainn,
whose dynast, or tdn<x;^t;e, was
0'CD<xqljr<xbu;l.

QDujt*ejtjtr n<x tt/tj-maj, was the
old name of the district which
was afterwards called CQu]fCj\jt
J (Dbonaj&jn, now the half ba-
rony of Orrery: its proprietary
lords were O'Donnegain and
O'Cuilenain, both of the Euge-
nian stock.

COu^c/tJt-luac/KX, the old name of
the tract of land which lies be-
tween Kilmallock, Kilfinan, and
Ard-patrick, in the County of
Limerick, the ancient estate of
the O'Heas.

Jc )<x/it<x/\-pe;m;on, was the ;
old name of the country about
the towns of Emly and Tippe-
rary : its ancient proprietor was
O'Carthaidh, of whose stock I
am not informed.

jt: t;/te, was the ancient
name of the. territory now called
Lower Ormond. In the time of
Donogh O'Brien, monarch of Ire-
land after his father, the great Bri-
en Boiroimhe, O'Donegain (not
the above-mentioned) was chief
lord or petty king of this COu;^-
Cfijt C;/te, according to the an-
nals of Innisfallen ; but in later
ages O'Dongaile and O'Fuirg
are mentioned as proprietors of
this territory ; and the Continu-
ator of Tighernach mentions
O'Donegain, descendant of the
last mentioned of that name, as
Lord of Ara, now Duharra, after-
330

wards possessed by a branch of
the O'Briens of Thomond. It
is referred to the judicious reader
if it be a likely story, that one
Cairbre Muse, supposed son of
a king of Meath in the begin-
ning of the third century, and of
whose progeny no account has
ever been given, should have
given the name of Muscry to
every one of those territories, so
widely distant from each other
in the province of Munster ; vid.
n\ii infr.

X n<x muj^ean, the
plant primrose; Lat primula
veris.

GOujte, mute, dumb. ^
02u;t, or no u;^, without, on the out-
side.

OOut, an axletree.

QQul, a congregation, or multitude.
CCulabu/ib, or1* mal<xbu;t, dwarf-
elder; Lat. ebulns,
GQutdc, puddle water.
OOuldc, a sea-calf.
GOulba, a sea-calf.
OOutc&n, an owl ; and mulc<x, an

owl.

COutcan, cheese-curds pressed, but
not in a mould or cheese fat, and
used for food in the bual;e^-, or
dairies.

CQutla and tnutlog, the patena of a
chalice; ex. bo b/tonn p§ mulla
uriia jon 6/1, he bestowed a pa-
tena of brass chased with gold.
Vid. Chron. Scot, ad an. 11 15.
and Tigher. ibid.
COuttac, the top, height, or summit ;
mulldc <xn t; je, the roof of a
house ; mulluj je no. ^-lejbce, the
tops of the mountains ; mutlan,
idem.

OMu/tt, dwarf-elder.
OOurrxxjn, the province of Munster,
in the most southern part of Ire-
land : it is sometimes called
, but then it is under-

CO U

cc u

stood as comprehending the pro-
vince of Leinster, as well as

Monster.
QOun, urine.
GOuo, for, for the sake of; Lat.

propter ; man ^cac, for the

shade.

GOana, unless, if not.
OOunab, instruction ; Lat. monitum.
GJunam, to make urine.
COunan, a fact, or deed.
GOu/iata, a champion.
dCunba/i, a backbiting, a grudging ;

mun<xbu/t, *Vm.
COung, a mane, also hair; Wei.

mung; matrgfjonn, a white head

of hair.

COuntoc, puddle, dirty water.
OOuntOftc, a neck-chain, or torques.
COim, a wall, or strong bulwark;

Lat. munis ; pa munajb rcoejje,

within the walls of my house ;

rr. r/iur.

many, much; Gr. fjivotov, in-

jinitum.

fOuftac, the murex, or purple fish.
G0u;mjm, to wall in, to immure.
CDuftcac, sad, mournful.
CQiiftctty*, sadness.
GOu/tbuccui, sea-nymphs.
CQu/tgabixl, i. e. gabat-roaftd., an

arm, or channel of the sea.
, successful.

i. e. ;i;<Jy£ nd .mdnd, a
sea-shore, or sea-marsh.

i, a subject.
ir.veb, subjection.
J-mdndcap, otherwise 02u-
GQbandcdjn, the ancient
name of a territory in Connaught,
which was the estate and lord-
ship of the O'Beirns, descended
from Jonftactdc, son of GQu;^te-
abdc, one of the ancestors of
the O'Connors of C'onnaught,
who was in the 12th degree of
descent from eocd-GOojmebeojn,
king of Meath in the fourth cen-
tury. (The O'Fallons of Clo;nn-
331

u<xbac, are descendants of the
same ^on/tactac.) The late Co-
lonel O'Beirn, in the Spanish
service, cousin-german of her
Grace the Duchess of ^Vharton,
became chief of that noble and
ancient family after her Grace's
father.

C0u;\tujte, rectius ma/tcu;le, a sea-
flopd, or tide.

GOuftcoJbe, or m<\KOi;be, seamen,
mariners.

OCuftco/tab, the product of the sea.

COuj- or m&f, pleasant, agreeable,
or handsome ; hence perhaps
mu/^uxjbe, i. e. mu^, pleasant.
and Cfijoc, a countn', the name
of several districts in Ireland;
hence mu;fe, or no<x;/-e, beaut}",
bloom ; also prosperity.

, mustard. — Matt. 13.31.
cb, watchfulness.
. to be mouldy or musty,
and mu^anacb, musti-
ness.

, to awake ; co. bu<x;^
me, when shall I
awae ; mu;"cajt <x/* bD coblxxb,
awake out of thy sleep,
a, a muscle.

GQuc, any short thing.

COutrcijbe, mouldiness.

Note. — Having not had time to
insert at the word m<xc in this
letter, some family-names which
begin with that monosyllable,
such as the GQac-ujbj;i, corruptly
written GOajujb^t, English, Ma-
guire, the CGac-maj-j<xmna, Eng-
lish, Mac-Mahons of Ulster, and
the GOoic-f u;bne, or Mac-Sw\nys ,
of the same province, families
which have not been hitherto
mentioned in this dictionary, we
shall therefore observe in this
place, that the two former are
descended from CoUa-ua;^-, king
of Ll-ster and Meath in the year
327; and that they were pro-

CD U

CO U

prietary lords and possessors of
that whole tract of land which
is now called the County of Fer-
managh, excepting some terri-
tories that were the properties of
other noble families of the same
stock. The Lord Baron of In-
niskillen is the chief of the Ma-
guire family. Of the Mac-
Swynys there were three chiefs,
all descended from the O'Neils,
viz. Mac-Svvyny-Fanaide, Mac-
Swyny-Badhuine, and Mac-
Swyny-na-Dtuadh, i. e. Mac-
Swyny of the battle-axes. The
first Mac-Swyny was the stock
of the two others. A party of
these last Mac-Swynys made an
adventuring excursion into Minis-
ter in the thirteenth century,
where they became auxiliary
troops to the Mac-Cartys of
Musgry and Carbury, and ac-
quired some landed properties
deriving under those lords whom
they served.

The Mac-Cartys being the
most illustrious of all those fami-
lies, whose names begin with
Mac, should not be forgotten in
this place. They are descended
from Oljol-olum, king of Minis-
ter in the beginning of the third
century, by his eldest son Cojan-
mo/t; their ancestors were for
many ages kings of Munster,
alternatively with those of the
O'Briens, who descended from
Co/inoo.c-C<ty~, second son of
Ol;ol-olum, whom he succeeded

immediately in the throne of
Munster. In later ages both fami-
lies reigned at the same time : the
O'Briens as kings of the pro-
vince of North Munster, whose
capital city was Limerick, whose
arms are still the three lions, the
true primitive escutcheon of the
O'Briens ; and the Mac-Cartys,
askings of South Munster, whose
capital was Cork, both king-
doms being separated by a line
extending from Dungarvan and
Lismore, now in the County of
Waterford, to Brandon-hill, in
the County of Kerry. The Mac-
Cartys denve their name, as
well as their descent, from Ca/i-
tdc, son of S<xOftb/te<xtac, who
was grandson of Ceallaccvn C<vj-
f)l, king of Cashel and South
Minister in the year 939. — An-
nal. Inniftfal. It is to be noted
that this Carthach's second son,
called CDu;;teafac, was the an-
cestor of the Mac-Cartys; and
that the Mac-Aulifts, in Irish
CDac-tfmlajbe, were the only
descendants of his first son,
called cabg or C<x;£, who died
king of South Munster in the
year 1124. — Fid. Annal. Innis-
fal. This most respectable ia-
nu'ly of the Mac-Auliftes are for
the most part reduced to a state
of misery and obscurity by the
last revolutions, the last chief of
the family, who died colonel of
a regiment in Spain about the
year 1 720, having left no issue.

REMARKS ON THE LETTER fl.

f»l is the eleventh letter of the Irish alphabet, is never aspirated, and
is ranked by our grammarians among the light consonants, called con-
332

ea.bt/toma; when it is prefixed to g in the beginning of a word
it is reckoned among the robust, called con^ojneaba, te<xnna, and then
both letters are called njeatat, or n;<xt<xl, from n;<xtal, a reerf, Lat.
arundo; it is called nu;n, from nujn, Me ash-tree, Lat. fraxinus ; in
Hebrew it is called J, from the sound. It is often doubled, and then
sounds strong, as ce<xnn, a head, lann, a sicord, teann, strong. But a
double nn is rarely written in Irish, a little stroke being set over the letter
instead of it, thus n we find this manner was familiar to the Latins in an-
cient times, and by the ignorance of some copyists and engravers, has
made many words dubious ; for they often omitted n where they should
always write it, as clemeti for dementi, cojux for conjux. The Greeks
in like manner omitted v in some words, for they wrote 'Oprtjcrtoe for
Hortensius, and VuXXia Nao|3oi'£<7/«. Aouycovecrm, and l<nravia Too-
paKovtaia, for Gallta Narbonensis, Liigebatauis, and Tarraconensis.
And the Latins did sometimes insert it were it had no right to stand, as
in conjunx for conjux, totiens for toties, and mtotien* for quoties. Be-
cause these writers and engravers did not understand the little bars or
strokes set over some vowels to denote a long pronunciation, instead of
which they wrote n or m ; and again, when those bars had been intended
to mean n or m, they ignorantly took them for the sign of a long syllable.
And indeed these misfakes are not unusual among our Irish copyists, nor
can a language, whose histories and writing depend on manuscripts, be
free from the like errors. It is to be noted, that as this letter receives no
aspirate, so it is never eclipsed by prefixing any other letter to it in the
beginning of words. It is likewise to be noted, that the letter n at the
beginning of words, which are referred either to objects of the feminine
gender, or to persons or things of the plural number, is pronounced dou-
ble, and very nearly with the same sound as gn in the French Seigneur,
or n in the Spanish word Sun nor ; and this double pronunciation in like
circumstances is common to the three consonants I, n, n, as hath been
already observed of the I, and shall be in like manner of the j\ ; thus, for
example, in the word neaptt, when we say <v neanc, meaning the strength
of a woman, the initial letter n is pronounced double, as it is in the same
word <x necX'ttr, when it means their strength, and so in all other words
beginning with n as a radical letter.

cx, nor, neither; also not; ex. no.
mjf&, no. tuf<\, na j<xb^<xn, nei-
ther I, nor you, nor they; na
trabcvj/t, do not give.

la^or; ex. gan 5ft no. <x;^;ob,,
without silver or gold.

la, than ; n; bu^ mo no. ;<xb, great-
er than them.

<x, in his ; no. <xj<xjb, in his face,
i. e. against him, i. e. ;n a.
333

<x, a sign of the genitive case;
ex. <x/t <x j<x;b n<x nuj^eab, upon
the face of the waters.
<x, a sign of the participle of the
present tense ; n<x lu;be, lying ;
n<x ~ujbe, sitting.

whether or no, is not; nac
jrujl <xn bucaj j u;lle ;tom<xb, is
not the whole land before you ;
ncic ;6ct<xn bu|t m<x;J7/-b;^ye <\n

c]0f-c<.\)n, doth not your master

pay tribute.

c».c, as beag nac,_ almost ;

beag nac ma./tt>ab me, I

almost killed.

, the buttocks.
^1 aba, nothing; Hisp. nada.
jNabir>a;/ibe and nabmcoma/ita,

earnest, an earnest penny.
|N<xblugo., formerly, anciently; jOn

m;o/ibu;l;be najl nabluga, with

other miracles formerly wrought.

"•"•" J-*» JLJ*

, nature ; Lat. natura.
, natural.

na;, or nu;, a man or woman;
hence no/j-nan, ornu;nan, a little
man, i. e. a child or a dwarf. Tt
was upon the latter part of this
compound word that the Latins
formed the word nanus, a dwarf,
though in the Celtic it only sig-
nifies small or little.

^Iae, <x n<xe, yesterday. It may
seem singular that the Irish
sometimes say oin la. n<xe, to
mean yesterday, and <xn u;ce
noct, to mean this night, though
either of the two words u;ce or
nOct signifies a night, just as <xn
la, or <xn ju, signify the day, or
this day. But the French use
the same manner of expression
when they say au jour-d'hui,
which is the same thing as the
day of this day, for the word hid
signifies day, as does the Spanish
oy, and the Irish u; in the word
<xn aj or a. n'u; ; and the French
carry the tautology still farther,
when they say le jour (Tavjour-
(Chin. As to this word nae, I
can find no afiinity for it in any
other language, no more than for
the Irish word ;ioe;/i or a. ;t<xe;/t,
last night.

JMaeb, dimin. naebog, a ship; Lat.
navis.

jN<x;b, a lamprey.

334

, who ? which?

, a bargain or covenant.
JMajbrn-ceanjlajiT), to confederate.
^lajbrD no. bo/tuma, the obligation
of paying the mulct called bo-
jiutTKX, qd. vid.

l^lajl, another; jreoicb na;l, ano-
ther time ; na;le, idem ; peacb
na;le b;oj/7a/- clob, alia vice
rara virtus.

J^lajl-bea.1, a bridle-bit.
^lojmbe, the plural of nairxxb, foes,

enemies.
^1a;mbeano.^, or nambana^, enmi-

ty, hostility.

^]a.;nbean, or nao;nbear>, valour.
^la.;nj, a mother; n<x;ng mo^t, a
randmother.

, shame, bashfulness ; <x ca
na;/ie o/tm, I am ashamed.
, clean, neat.
cb, bashfulness; al. na;-

ful.

e, more bashful, or shame-

, to make ashamed, to
shame; no, naj/i;j me, do not
shame me.
a.;;tne, sure, certain.
<xtl, hither ; <inonn <xjuf <x
nail, here and there, to and
fro.

, a bridle or bit ; c<xog<xb eo.6
jo nallajb o;/t, fifty horses with
golden bitted bridles.

a, the time past, formerly,
anciently.

, nallana, nablajA, and
nallob, formerly ; Lat. olim ; <x
nallub, or a. nallob, in days of
yore. N. B. The letter JM is
abusively prefixed to all these
common writings; for the true
words are <xllub and <xllob.
allu^, or <xlla/-, sweat; o. n<xllu^
??a; jce -joyaf tu <x/tan, in the
sweat of thy brows shalt thou cat
bread.

, ncvm<xb, only, alone; ri<l.

mab supra.

jVCxma and nam<xb, an enemy, or
foe ; plur. na;mbe and na;m-

, fierceness, enmity ; nam-
idem.

a man or person ; vid. n<x;
and nu;, s*/p. ; also the name of
Noah; anc N<xoi, the ark of
Noah.
d.0;, nine.

ao;, or no;, ship; Lat. naris ;
vid. naeB and naetJog.
oiojbe, a babe, a suckling. This,
as well as n<xo;, is an abusive
writing of ndj or naj.

., the golden number.
, the nineteenth.
, a babe, an infant.
ao;beant;acb, infancy, child-
hood: cm naojbetxntacb, from
my childhood.
|Nao;bjbe<xb, treac n<xo;bjbe<xb, an

hospital.

f^<xo;b;n, or nao;-jjn, an infant,
i. e. 310 n<xo;, the offspring of a
man ; vid. nujnan. This is ano-
ther abusive writing of n<xj or
naj.

jMaojm, the plural of n<xom, the
saints; naojm jrlajced.irina^the
saints of heaven.
^(XOjm jn;b;m, to sanctify, or make

holy.

M<xo;m;, November.
sl<xo;iri-;o^"b(Xb, a sanctuary.
M<io;r;eoil, prowess, chivahy.
^<xo;t:eacbcv, chief, principal.

m, a saint, or holy man ; also
sacred.

<xoir)-ajt:j^, blasphemy against
the saints or holy things ; (DJ<x-
<xjt;r- is that which regards
God.

, blasphemous; na-
;n, a blasphemer.

and

m, to blaspheme;
;";u jab, idem.

335

a blaspheming, blasphemy ; also
to blaspheme.

j£j a blasphemer.
<ib, consecration.
, sacrilege.

, holy, hallowed ; as bujne
n<xomc<x, a holy man.

^Io.oific<xcb, holiness.

^laomajjjin, to sanctity.

|Maon, certain ; j:e<xcb" n<xon, on a
certain time ; ta nacn. en a cer-
tain day.

f»l<xon<x, pronounced ^laend, whence
0'^<xen<x, English, O'Neny, the
name of an ancient and noble
family of the province of Ulster,
of the same stock with the great
O'Neils, descended from the el-
dest son of f^dl ^Jao;j;al<xc,
king of Meath and supreme so-
vereign of Ulster and Connanght
in the beginning of the fifth cen-
tury. The large territory of C;-
neat jN<xen<x was the ancient es-
tate or lordship of the O'Nenys,
from whom it derived its name,
as they were the proprietary
lords of it. — fid. the Topogra-
phical Poem of O'&ubdgajn,
often quoted in this Dictionary.
CD. 0^ajeoj<\jcx;n, author of the
French History of Ireland, whose
knowledge of Irish genealogies
was very shallow, as he could
not read the Irish language, in
which our orenealogical records
are written, mentions the family
of the O'Nenys as being de-
scended from one of the three
brothers called by the same name
of Colla, the eldest of whom was
king of Ulster and Meath in the
fourth century, princes of a col-
lateral branch of the stock of the
O'Neils. He does not say who
of the three brothers the O'Nenys
are descended from, (vid. Hut.
d'lrelande, tome 1. pag. 204.

note, marginal,} nor could lie
Imve alleged any authority for
such an assertion. The patri-
mony of the O'Nenys is situate
in Tyr Owen, the O'Neal's coun-
try, far beyond the bounds of
Orgialla, which was the territory
of the descendants of the three
Coilaf. The ancient lustre of
the family of the O'Nenys is re-
vived in our days in the person
of M. O'Neny of Brussels, Count
of the Roman Empire, Councillor
of State to her Imperial Majesty,
and Chief President of the Privy
Council at Brussels.

nne ; t/i;
twenty-seven.

or ndo^ac, a snipe.
an inconstant man.

inconstancy.

that not ; na/i b'jre;b;/t leo,
that they could not; or, could
not they ? i. e. /7<x <x/t.
JMa/i, shame; nj nci/i bujt e, it is

no shame for you.
f-1 a^t, good, happy.
^la/tab and Jiaftob, may it not be,
let it not be ; na/iab olc bu/i
ttu/tu/", may not your journey
be unlucky.

f*1a/ib, skill or knowledge.
fMa/tba;m, to know, to be skilled.
a band, or tie.
death.

an anniversary.

, now Naas, a borough town of
the County of Kildare in Leins-
ter, and fonnerly the metropolis
of Leinster, so that C/i;oc JMaj^
was that whole province; the
ancient family of the Mac-Mo-
roughs or O'Cavanaghs were the
hereditary princes and possessors
of it, ^Ify- La; jean, the royal
seat of the kings of Leinster : it
is otherwise called -df I a; je-
an.

a fair.

33<J

ab, fame, or reputation.
, noble, famous.

, a Nazarite.
, a tie or band.
, a collar, or chain ;
6;/t, a gold chain ; m<xbj-«x
a chained dog.
, a ring.

, an obligation.
, to bind or tie ; hence
e, bound, tied down to ;
also attached or devoted to.

, a surety.
, a defence or fortification.

a scence.

, a snake; nataj/t n;m, an '•
adder, a viper, or other poisonous
serpent.

platan, noble, famous.
JMe, cine, yesterday ; vid. nae sup.
ane^a/i, whether or no ; <xne nci/i
^te;b; j tu Ijom, didst thou not
bargain with me.

^Ie<xc, a spirit or apparition ; tcij-
n;j neac cuj<xm, a spirit ap-
peared to me. Note. This word
is a corrupt contraction of the
word neamcxc, a heavenly spirit,
quod vide infra.

f»]e<xc, some one, any one ; <xn te
bua-jlpeaf ne<xc, he that shall
strike any one.

neither ; ex. neacra/1 >
b, neither of them.

, outwardly, without, on
the outside.
f»le<xb, and genit. njbe, dat. n;b, a <
nest ; bo e;t;j bci n;b j:e;n, she
fled to her own nest ; Lat nidus,
Wei. nyth.

, a trance, or ecstasy.
l, a cloud; Wei. niul, Gr.

Me all, noble.

f»]eambaojal, safety, security.
^leambaojalac, secure.
^leam, Heaven ; genit. n;me, Wei.
neve1.

c, a heavenly spirit.

.m, in compound words is a ne- j
gative preposition ; nedm-jro^ac,
unstable, wavering ; neam^frjiie-
untcu unrighteous ; /ieam-b;ab<x, :
ungodly.

i, a pearl,
j, terrible, cruel.

IT) <vjtednt<x, unknown.

m <xU\c, undefiled, i. e. necxm-

Vearo <xtt<xc, smooth.

, a raven, or crow.
jncv;te<xc, groundless,
m cnajac, without knots.
(T)-cO)5jlc, unthrifty,
^lecxm-cojjjtreac, profuse, lavish ;
also open-minded.

m-co;mte<xc, free, generous.
fTi-cojngeallac, ill-natured.
Meam-coiribdc, negligent.
ecim-cO'tudc, unmoveable.
eamcon?iu;beo.cb, immutability,
steadiness, constancy.

nu; jte, endless.

e<xrf)-cubtxc and ne<xm-cub<xjb, un-

m m

becoming, improper,
poverty.

i. poor, indigent.
i)ne, forgetfulness.
rt ^cc, unmixed.
Mecxm:cuM(Xm<j.c, careless.
Afedmba, heavenly, holy.
NTeam-bl; jteac, unlawful.
Ne<iiT)-butfi<Xcb, negligence.
Ne<im-paU7-<x, unfeigned.
^eam-pa;ll;je<xcb, care, vigi-
lance.

, incommodious.
NeatTi-jean, hatred, enmity.
f»?eam-jlo.n, impure, unclean, pro-
fane,

, impurity, pollution,
c, unusual.
f>7e<xm-jnot:ac, idle.

t, unskilful.
, blameless.

-iDdnbcdc, immortal ,- bo-
, idem.
337

jNeam-mboj, hard, impenetrable.
jNeam-mbuan, transiton".
;Neam-mea;-a/t^bacr, excess.
jVeam-motrujdb, stupidity, insen-
sibility.

, an anthem, or hjron.
, a diamond.
|Neam-p5;reamajl, sober.

, inconstant.
, frugal.
i, churlish, morose.

, sting)-.
c, ineffectual.

, unprofitableness
jV ecxm -co/tcac, unfr u it ful .

, unmerciful.
incorruption.
sincere.
, ditficult.

, not poor.
pfeam-4ittam, unprepared.

c, harmless.
, an inch ; also a span.
n, a wave or billow.
, a nettle.

jthat bindeth ; neAndj^c
or fto neana;^j, he bound or tied.

and neanroj, a nettle.
, a wild boar.

, to liken or compare.
, gen. njftt, power, strength.

, to strengthen.
, or ne<Xfttman, strong.
S, a strengthening.
", a hill, or fortified place.
", a weasel.
, a hurt or wound.
, noble, generous.
the next; <\n
, the next month.
n, the next place.
an ulcer, a bile;

, just, honest.
, manslaughter.
a fight or battle; also a
wound received in battle.
, wind.

JM e

a small cloud.
j, of no weight or effect.
, or ne;m, brightness, splen-
dour ; whence ne;m;m and nja-
roajm, to shine or be bright;
hence neam, and genit. nejme,
Heaven.

m and nejme, poison.
m, the same as neam, a nega-
tive in compound words; ex.
ne;m-c;ontac, innocent; ne;m-
p;ji;nne<xc, false.

sincere.

|^e;m-cejUe<ve, rash, foolish; 50
nejro-cejltjbe, unadvisedly.

, disrespect.

b, a poem ; also a science.
b, glebe-land ; quasi neo.ro-
;<xt, holy or consecrated land.
]Me;m-b;pm<xjle<xc, frugal, sparing.
]v]e;meac, glittering, shining.
I^ejro-eajtac, bold, confident.
]Me;meb, filth or dirt.

, the same.
, uncorrupted, unvio-
lated.

ro;, ants' eggs.
m;m, to corrupt or spoil.
]Me;ro-;onrou;n, morose, froward.
T^ejm-roeaf, contempt.
>Je;m-me<xt:<x, confident.
Nejm-mty-^eac, sober.
|*Je;mne<xc, sore, aching ; also pas-

sionate.

T^e;irm;, a thing of nought, or in-
valid ; bo cap <x/i ne;ronj, to an-
nihilate.

>]e;mn; jjrn, to annul, or annihilate.
, contempt.
c, inconstant.

b, inconstancy.
>?e;m-ce;c, cold, cool.

./Vote. — The above negative pre-
fix ne;m hath been changed from
its original form, ne<xm, by our
modern grammarians, in order
to make it agree in compounds
with words whose first or second
338

letter may be e or j, according

to the abusive rule of coel le

coet, &c.

]Mejt, a fight, battle, or engage-
ment.

|Me;te, the plur. of n;b, things.
jMejteamajl, real.
jMeamajn, madness.
jMem<xr>, a vulture, or Royston crow.
]Meo, and. •
, good.

bad, naught. >
, pi. of neut, quod vid.
a cloud; genit. ne;l, and

plur. neo;l,_or neulta; neulca

buba n<x bojbce, the dark clouds

of the night.

, light, a glimpse of light ; bo

con<x^ic neut n<x c;ne, I saw a

glimpse of the light of the fire ;

neut gftejne, a little sunshine ;

njl neul ^<xb<x;/tc <x;je, he does

not see a wink.
]"v]eut, a fit ; neut tjnnif, a fit of i

sickness ; neut bujte, a fit of "

madness; ta;mneul, a trance; '

pi. neuttd.
]v1eul, a star ; neutt<vjb n;me, the

stars of Heaven.
|vjeul<xb6;/i, an astrologer.
jMeutjru/itab, slumbering.
jMgebal, a reed ; also the name of

the double letter ng, otherwise

called n;<xc<xl.
f*lj, not: one of the Irish nega- J

gatives, and the most common

of all, like the Latin non ; it is

never used in compounds; n;

jre;b;pt, it cannot be ; n; be. it

is not he ; Goth, ni and nih, Lat.

ne or ni, Gr. vs. or vi, Goth, niu,

neque.
]v1J or n;b, a thing ; rac njb ^nd-

rnuf, every thing that creepeth ;

plur. ne;te ; ne;ce calm<x;be,

earthly things.
]v];a, a sister's son.
]**1j<xb, a champion ; n;<xb, or
, miles torquatns.

and n;<xbcu^, valour, bra-
very.

l, a soldier or champion.
|>l;al, a letter.

, to shine, to be bright.
, pleasant, bright ; n;<xm<x-

}V;ambact:, brightness.
j*1;b, for gnjb, they make.
7*»J;b, manslaughter.
, time.

or n;, a daughter, also a
niece; ex. GOajfte n;| Conrw;^,
Mar)r the daughter ot Thomas;
hence mAjfte n;j Obfijd.;??, r>;
f*JejU, Mary the daughter of
Brien, of Neill, i. e. Mary
O'Brien, or O'Neill; hence nj-
T;n, corrupted into ;nj;n, a
daughter. The Welsh have nith,
and the Cornish noith, for niece.
)tlm> to wash; njjjrjb ^;<xb <x
neub&j je, they shall wash their
clothes.

soap.

, is not ; njt ^e, he is not It
is a contraction of n; bjrujl ; t-zW.

or pu;l;m.

, to be wanting, to be absent,
i. e. n; jrjtjm.

, a drop.
"fMjm jl;c, strong, impregnable.

, to do, to make ; u;me y;n
bo njm^e Oftbugab, wherefore I
make a decree.

m, bitterness, sourness; g<xn n;m
^<in m<x;tjm, without sourness or
slackness ; hence n;mne<xc, testy,
peevish.

l^b^ ,an(i nejm, poison ; <xcd.;;i, or
no.c<x;^t n;me, an adder, a viper;
any poisonous serpent.
]Mjme, or nejme, genit. of ^leam,
Heaven ; ftpjact njme, the
kingdom of Heaven.
]M;mne<xc, poisonous, mortal ; also
peevish, passionate.
, an image.
t, sore, sick.

339

, one who interrupts ano-
ther's discourse.
I^Joba, real.

|M;omb(X, bright, shining.
jMjomam, to shine, to glitter.
J^ljoma/", brightness.
]M)Om^5<xo;tte, scattered or dis-

persed.
j^jor), or nujn, the ash-tree ; hence

the name of the letter f»T.
^IjOn, a wave.
J^ljon, a letter.

, catching ; also forked.
, agreeable, pleasant.
, party-coloured, speckled.
, a prey or booty.
, to prey.
0^-, from below, up ; bo

<x;je;n, the fountains of the deep
were broken up.

, 1 would not be ; n;p/-am
^cle;t a^ c^ejc, I would
not be always destroying or
plundering my subjects; Lat.
nan ipse essem.

or njort, i. e. nj <Xft, or n; /to,
comes before verbs of the preter-
perfect tense of the indicative
mood : ex. njn bu<x;l, he struck
not. When it has bu after it, it
has an adjective or participle
coming just after them, and then
comes the substantive if it be
not understood ; ex. n jp. bu tci)-
bjft me, I was not strong; njji
bu cojta <xn teac, the house
was not built. It sometimes has
a pronoun after it : njrt bu leo ;,
she was not theirs ; n J/t is some-
times written n; ^6 ; ex. nj ^6
bu<v;l, he struck not.

is sometimes written for njp,
in the above different manners of
using it.

, a wound ; the gen. of ne<ty%
quod i- id.

jc, or n;b, manslaughter ; also a
battle or engagement.

0

II

j, i. e. <xn;uj, to-day ; rather
<xn u;, or a. n'u;, 9^. vid. sup.

jvjo, nor, or ; no £0, until ; no ju/i,
until that ; no £U/t o;l yj <xn
leanab, until she had nursed the
child ; no 50 fcwofpa. j~e tu,
until he destroy thee.

]Mo, this particle was anciently
used instead of bo; ex. no bua;-
Ijf me, you struck me.

]M5, new; Lat. novus; no <x;/inn,
new arms, worn arwza / no-mob,
new fashion ; Lat. novus mo-
dus.

, time, season.
which.
and nocab, ninety.

]v]ocb, rather noct, night ; d. nocb,
to-night; Lat. nocte.

jMocbaj jjm, to make naked, to un-
cover, to strip or peel ; bo nocb
7*e, he peeled ; na nocbu; j bu/i
ccjnn, do not uncover your
heads ; <xma;l nocb<\^ ^e<xn lea-
b<x;/i, as the old books discover ;
bo nocb fe me, he hath stript
me; nocbu;m b;b, I explain to
you.

]>»1ocb<i; je, or nocbcx; jtre, naked.

jvlocta, open, discovered.

•jvlob, an abbreviation, a difficulty ;
Lat. nodus.

]Mob, as nob letxt, observe or take
notice ; Lat. nota.

, an abridger.
act, the method of using
abbreviations.

6b<X)m, to understand; also to
make a league or confederacy.
, noble, excellent.

jv]obt<xg, Christinas; Gall, noel ;
derived from natalitia.

,

, a seaman, a marner.

* ordure or dung.
]v]o;b;^*e<xc and nojb;^"te, a novice.
|Mo;n, noon, or the ninth hour of
the day according to the Roman
calculation of the day ;
, noon time.
340

an eclipse of the
sun.

|Mo;n-;ie<xlt, the evening star.

J^ojf and no^, a manner or cus-
tom ; no;^ &Z,ur be<j.cba, car-
riage and behaviour ; Lat. mos.
) noble, excellent.
, oinOjt:, a church, or congre-
gation.

]Mo;t:e<xc, noble.

]Monn, a nonn, beyond, on the
other side ; <x nonn o^uf <x natt,
to and fro, hither and thither,

jMo^-, a fashion, manner, or cus-
tom ; bo no^ <xn ceb mob<x, ac-
cording to the former manner ;
bo no^~ fjn, thus, even so, after
that fashion ; bo no^ na najle
cjneabac, after the manner of
all nations ; Lat. mos ; pi. n6/~<x
and no^<x;b.

jSo^-, knowledge, x

now, at present; <x
now, at this present time.

Nfyxxjjjm, to enact, or approve.

]N]ot<x, discovered.

]v]u<x, strong ; bo t/io;b f& ^ie n;t\b
nu<x, he encountered a
champion.

jMua, new ; nu<x eabac, new clothes.

]Mu<xcotl<x, astonishing.

'Mu<xcO/i, or nobcu/i, a companion,
a bride, or bridegroom; ^ean
^Zur ^"onuacu/t teat, I wish you
prosperity and a happy compa-
nion, (wife or husband.)

Jvlimcojn^ecxc, a harlot, or prosti-
tute.

]Nluab, new. This word is often
set before its substantive, and
joined to it ; nu<xb- j<xjll, the
new English; nuab-frju.jnaj^e,
the New Testament; nu<\b-ota,
new oil. This word is some-
times written nu<xb, but always
pronounced nob; I^at. novinn,
and Gr. vtov, new ; Wei. ncuydh,
and Cor. nou'ijdh.

]Mua;crecvcb. news, tidings.

strong

U

U

}vjuoijb-j:e;n;be, a novice.
]Mua;b-m;l;b, an untrained soldier.
Js]aa;t, a roaring, or howling; :

niivvjl <xn leo;n,the roaring of the

lion.

7vjua;l;m, to howl,
jvfuajft, <x nu<x;(n, when ; 6 nua;*,

seeing that.
'vluaU, famous, noble.
'sjuatl, lamentation, mourning.
j*fo<xU, an opinion.
^•ludlt join ^aoj, a true saying.
]Mu<xtl<xb and uatlab, howling, or

roaring.

howling, roaring.

, idem.

, noble, generous.
|N-]u<xm<i.n6;;t, embroidery.
"NJuaraj j, heaven.
's]u;b)bpe<xcb, a lone journey.

.
7-0, hitherto ; 50 nu;je mo

until my death.
, number.

ab, a numbering.
, hunger.

Munn, <x nann jj- <x nalt, to and
vid. nonn.

REMARKS ON THE LETTER 0.

0 is the twelfth letter of the Irish alphabet, and the fourth vowel of
the denomination of le<xto.n, or broad vowels, and is therefore used in-
differently with o. or u in old Irish manuscripts, and in some words by
the moderns, as beo^i, be<xn, or beu/t, a tear ; Lat. lac/iri/ma. And we
find that the Greeks, especially the Dorians, did change their av into w,
as Toutfjia for rpai^/a. a wound ; wXa£ for auXa^j a furrrow. The Latins
anciently wrote coda for cauda; plostrum for plaustrum; lotus for lau-
tvs, &c. In the Latin we also find a written for o, as from creo is formed
cream and creatum ; and u has been sometimes taken for o, as funtes
forfontes,frundes for frondes,fretu forfreto, Acherunte for Acheronte,
&c. In Lucretius, Plinius says that some states of Italy, particularly the
Umbrians and Thuscans did not at all use o, but always wrote u instead
of it. This letter is sometimes short and sometimes long, and therein
corresponds with the Greek &> and o. It is the praepositive vowel of the
diphthong ojft, so called from ojft, the spindle-tree, vulgo jreo^u/*, Lat.
evonymus; and we find this diphthong in the Hebrew, as Heb. >U, Lat.
gens; as also among the Grecians, as noiXov, KOIVIJ, Lat. ccelum,ccena.

Ob

0, from ; o c<xta;/i 50 c<xca;/t,

from city to city ; also whence ;

ex. 5 na.hant<xn, whence is said.
0, an interjection common to the

Latins, signifying alas! woe is

me !

0. seeing that : 6 cajm; seeing that
341

ob

I am ; 6 conn<x;/tc me bo j
since I have seen your counte-
nance.

0, an ear ; Gr. ouc> auris ; hence
oball, deaf, from o or 6j, an
ear, and bait, dull. It is some-
times abusivel written

0 C

and often uball ; ex. mof a /te
Oo na be;/ibe, i. e. mo cluapx
;te clua^ na me;b/ie.
^ Oba and obujn, a river ; v id. Ciu-
ver. de Germania Antiqua, pp.
638 and 694 ; hence the Celtic
name of the Danube, viz. (Dan-
ou, or Oan-oba, signifying the
bold river.

Obab, a denial, a refusal ; n; t;u-
b/tajnn obab, I should not re-
fuse.

Oba;m, to refuse or deny ; bob fe
cat, he refused battle, or giving
battle.

Obajnne, swiftness, hastiness.

Obajfi, work, labour; Lat. opus,
operis.

Obajfijjjm and oba;/t;ugab, to
work or labour ; Lat. operor.

Obaj/vjgte, and contracts ob/ia; j-
te, worked up, handled with art.

Obann, quick, soon, nimble ; go
bobann, quickly, soon, presently;
also hasty or rash ; no. b; obann
le bo beat, be not rash in speech.

Obela, open ; bo fgbjltfja*) cloca,
<xju^ bo baba/t na b<xjbna;cte
obeld, the rocks were rent asun-
der, and the monuments laid
open. — L. B.

Ob<xr>, or u<xb<xn, and sometimes
written Oman, fear, dread, terror;
Gr. <f>oflov, metus; ex. <x/i jrt&b,
<Xft oban, na a/t jruat : na bej/t,
(bj <ib b;te;ceam neamtuac :)
b/ie;c na^t coj/t, <x bbonca, bu-

literally, do not pronounce sen-
tence for love, for fear, nor for
hatred; let your judgment be
deliberate, i. e. not precipitate ;
Donogh, pronounce not an un-
just sentence for presents of gold
or silver.

Obo, an interjection, O strange!
proh !

Oc, a poet; ;nn;l;b oc, a band of
poets.

342

op

Oca;b, business, an occasion.
Oca/-, and ; often written for acu/~,

or agup
Oca/", interest, or an annual rent;

the same as jocuf, payment.
Oc and uc, oh! woe! alas! Wcl.

och, and Belg. ach.
Ocb, or ucb, a bosom, the breast ;

bean bocba, the wife of thy bo-

som ; Ian a bocba, her lapful ;

Ocb la;b;/t, ocb laj, a strong

breast, a weak breast.
Ocbac, good delivery of speech ;

&f pea;i;i a ocbac na <x po^-

lu;m, his delivery surpasses his

learning.

Ocbmacab, adoption.
Oc^a, shoes.
Oct, eight; Lat. octo, and Gr.

OKTW.

Occmab, the eighth ; Lat. octants ;

an toctmab ca;b;b;ol,the eighth

chapter.

Octmojab, eighty.
Ocot, a shower.
Oc/tac, hungry ; 6;/i )t;on an co-

c/iac a jrojma/i fudf, for the

hungry eateth up his harvest.
Oc/ia^", hunger ; ocftu^, idem ;

j:ea/t oc/tu;/-, a hungry person.
Oc/ta^an, a glutton.
Oc/tu/-, hunger.
Ob, from thy ; ob po/tb/ionnt/jb,

from thy loins, i. e. 6 bo.
Ob and o;b, music.
Ob, the point of a spear, the sharp

end of any thing.
Oba/i, pale, wan : written also

.
Oba/tan, the plant cow-parsnip ;

Lat. sphondyliiiin.
Oba/tac multac, devil's bit; Lat.

succisa.

Obmo/-, respect, homage.
Obmo^ac, respectful, dutiful.
Ojrjr/iajbeac, a Druidish priest

literally an offerer.

, an offering, or oblation.
, to offer ; bo

0 1

0

, the

pure oblation was offered (to
God) for him.

our

dren, or youth;

young and old ; an n

little ones.
Ojacb, youth.
Oga;n and oganac, a youth, a

young man.
0 jam, the occult manner of writing

used by the ancient Irish.
Ojanacb, youth ; ojanracb, idem.
0 jbab, a territory in the County

of Meath, which anciently be-

longed to the O'Heas.
0 j, the ear ; rid. 0.
O j, whole, entire ; 50 bo j, entirely.
Oj, a virgin ; gen. o; je, or bo ja ;

<in coj y-o-molta, the Virgin

most renowned.
0 j and 6 jba, pure, sincere.
0 jbac'b, virginity.
Oglac, a servant, a youth ; also a

soldier.
Ojlaca^, slavery, servitude ; also

a servile kind of verse used in

Irish in imitation of the pure

kind of dans or verses, but is not

confined to their strict rules,

with regard to true correspon-

dance or true union,
Ojtofjap, a tad-pole.
Ojmafttr, a heifer, a young beeve.
0;, a;, or ao;, a sheep.
Ojbne, i. e. obajnne, quickness,

suddenness.

Ojb)b, obedience, submission.
Ojbrgjjm, to work, to cause or

effect, to operate.
Ojbft; jce, wrought.
)f Ojbft) jceojft, a workman, a la-

bourer.

0]bf\ju jab, an operation.
0;cc m;, October.
Ojbea/r, love, tenderness.
Ojbe, a teacher, also a foster-

father; ojbe pxojpbjn, a con-

fessor ; o;be alrrtoma. a foster-
343

father.

Ojbeab. slaughter; also death.

Ojbc'e, the night.

Ojbeaca^, instruction.

Ojbea;", advice, also instruction;
beol-ojbea;~, oral tradition.

0;bc-mejrileac, a night robber.

0;be, a suest or traveller; b'^rO;--
^u;t n\]f& mo bojrt^e bon ojbe,
I opened my doors to the tra-
veller ; n; bu fry ojbjb ajcean,
she was not uncivil to strangers.
— Brog. in fit. S. Brig.

Ojbeacr, entertainment, a night's
lodging.

0;beab, death, got by any means ;
ojbeab clajnne ^»Te;l, the de-
cease of the children of Nial,
flojngipji) me ajnm }f ojbeab
jac ^;j, I will recount the
names and deaths of each king.
This word is sometimes written
ojijb, and then seems to be of a
radical identity with eag, death.

Ojbea^, cloc o;bea;-, freestone.

0;b;K, and genit. ojb/te, snow;
leac o;b^e, ice.

, an heir, or heiress ; ojb/te
^c na cn;ce, the rightful
heir of the country ; pi. o;bnjj- ..'
It is pronounced ojne, the b be-
ing quiescent : in old French
/wire, ylur. hoi res ; Lat. hfpres,
hceredis, where the d comes in
as in the Irish ; o;b/te, or e;b;te
mania, an heiress.

Ojbneacb, an inheritance.

0;jr;ge, an office.

Ojjrjjeac, an officer.

Ojffijon, vulgarly ajjr/tjon, the
mass ; literally, the sacrifice of-
fered at mass. Note. — It will,
I am confident, be allowed a
self-evident position, that no lan-
guage can have words significa-
tive of any such things or modes
of things, as the people who
speak it never had any sort of
knowledge of, by being objects

0

0

either of their senses or their
understanding ; whence it fol-
lows, that the languages of the
Heathenish nations, to which the
Christian religion was preached
and communicated, could not
have had words expressive of its
rites, sacraments, and mysteries,
before they had learned them
from the Christian preachers
and missionaries. But it is to
be observed, that as there was
scarce any Heathenish nation
which had not at all times the
practice of offering sacrifices to
their false deities, and adoring
or worshipping them in their
own manner; so the people of
such nations must have had
words significative both of every
act of their religious worship,
and of the persons and things
that were employed in such acts;
wherefore they must necessarily
have one word to signify a sacri-
fice, another for adoration, a
particular appellative for the
person destined to offer the sa-
crifice, another for the thing up-
on which the sacrifice was laid
and offered, such as we call an
altar : thus, as the British Celts,
according to the account of Mr.
Rowland in his Mona dntiqua,
p. 65, called their sacrificers by
the appellative of Offrydioti,
from offryd, a sacrifice ; and an
altar lay that of cram-leach, (a
word, whose genuine and radical
meaning neither Mr. Rowland,
who vainly strives to derive it
from the Hebrew, nor any other
Welshman could understand,
without the help of the Irish
language,) so the Irish Celts
distinguished their Heathenish
priests by the appellative of
0;pijonn<xc or 0;ptjbe<xc in
the singular, and 0;pi;onn<x;cc
344

'or 0;pt;bea;cc in the plural,
from o;pt;on, a sacrifice ; and
an altar by that of c^ioro-teac, a i
word which had two significa- ;
tions, the one as being a stone \
of an inclined position, from M
teac, a stone, and c/iono, bent or j
inclined ; and the other, as be- '
ing a stone, at which the people
kneeled or bent themselves to
adore their deities. The Irish
had another sort of altars, which
they called Carn, literally mean- ^
ing a coped heap of loose stones, "
with a large flat stone at the top,
on which the sacrifice was laid :
those Cams are still to be seen
on the summits of almost all the
hills and high places of Ireland.
Those who officiated at the
Cams were called C<x/mcx;cc in
the plural, and C<xj/ineac in the
singular, whilst the priest who
served on the plains, in the open
temples^ consisting of a circle of
tall piHars of unhewed stone,
with the altar called c/iOm-leac
at the east side of them, retained
the generic name of Ojf:/ijo;?<xc
or Ojpijbeac, a sacrifices A
third order of religious persons
among the heathen Irish, was
constituted by those they called
pa;b or Oajb, Lat. Fates, a
kind of prophets or soothsayers ;
whose profession became the ob-
ject of so great horror after the
establishment of the Christian
religion in Ireland, that the
Irish words bo 5e/i;m bo no. ba;b
tu, proverbially signify the same
thing with diris devoiwre, to
give up a body to all the furies
of hell. Strabo, in his fourth
book, mentions three orders of
people distinguished amifcgstthe
Celts, and whose persons were
held in the highest veneration :
the Vates, to whom he assigns

O j

0 }

the function of offering sacri-
fices, and explaining natural
causes ; the Druids, who besides
tlie study of nature, had care of
all moral discipline, and were
professed judges of all private
and public causes, and even of
martial affairs, being reputed the
justest of men, omnium opinions
jttstissimi ; and the Bards, who
were their poets. The Irish
Celts had those three different
orders of people ; but they made
a just and necessary distinction
between the sacrificers and the
Oa;b ; the latter being only a
kind of magicians, and were not
charged with the function of of-
fering sacrifices. Now, to finish
our remarks on the word 0;-
pi;on, we have only to observe,
that the first preachers of the
Gospel in Ireland, finding the
Irish had at all times that pro-
per word to mean a sacrifice,
thought it reasonable to let them
apply it to the divine sacrifice
of the mass ; contenting them-
selves with an assurance of their
believing it consisted of the
body and blood of Christ offered
to God the Father, for both the
living and the dead. And this
concession of those first preach-
ers was the more reasonable and
just, as the word o;pi;on, a sa-
crifice, was much a more signifi-
cative name for that divine li-
turgy of the Christian religion,
than the word missa, which is
taken from the words ite, missa
eat, said to the people at the end
of mass for a form of dismissing
them. The Irish were also left
in possession of the word <xbO-
ft<xb, to^rtean the adoration of
the truflfcrod, which was one of
the primitive words of their lan-
guage, (rid. mcvj-abojjt, sup.}
345

and of the word bo/-<xb, corrupt-
ed into po^ab, to mean the sa-
cranient of marriage ; rid. po-
7~a.b infra. Thus also the words
c/te;bjom, bocoy, and j»tab, i. e.
faith, hope, and charity, are pri-
mitive words of the Irish lan-
guage.

Ojj, a champion.

Ojgbean, a young woman.

Ojje, a web fit for the loom.

0;je, youth ; <xnn a bojge, in her
youth ; also younger.

Ojgjrea/t, a lad, a youth.

0; j, a virgin, or maid ; man oj j
jpjOn-ila;n, as a pure virgin.

0;£e, fullness, entires

0; je, a file.

0) jednn, a pan, a chaldron.

0;jea-t. genit. ojjjji, snow ; Wei.
eira; leac-ojjjfi, ice.

Oj^ea'tamcxjl, icy, or frosty.

0;^;b, a sojourner, or guest.

Oj£;b, death.

0; j;m, to behold, or look upon.

Ojj'te;^, a despotic power; also
perfect obedience or subjection.

0; j'teata, frozen.

Oj^neoj, tV-'st.

Oj j't;m, to freeze or snow

0;^t:;ci^nd, an heir-apparent to a
lordship.

Ojl, from ojt;m, or <x;ljm, to nou-
rish or nurse ; no jim o;l pj e,
until she had nursed him; bo
7)0;leab e, he was educated.

0;l, from clajm ; cum 6;l, to
drink.

0;l, a rock.

0;l, infamy, ignominy ; hence o;l-
be;m, reproach, a dispraise.

0;lbeim, a reproach ; also an of-
fence ; a stumbling block.

Ojl5ejm;m, to stumble, to take
offence.

Ojtbfteo, a funeral fire ; Lat. rogu*.

Ojlceaj-, a doubt.

Ojtceciy~<xc, doubtful.

Oile. a/t o;lle, and a/tO;lt, another.

*- X

0 J

0 J

0;te<xmnac, requisite; also nou-
rishing.

0;te<xron<x;m, to educate.

0;le<xmu;n, nurture, food.

Ojlean, an island; ojlearxvjb, is-
lands.

0;te<x/t and o;te<x/ioic, a pilgrim.

0;le<x/i<vjm, to go on pilgrimage.

Ojleo./ic<x, a nursery.

0;leat<xj/-t, a foster-father^

0;l;/tt:e, pilgrimage ; ojljt/te, id.

Ojfttj/itedc, a pilgrimage ; o;l;-
t/ieac, idem.

Ojtle, or ujtle, greater.

Ojllmedb, balances.

Ojllteab, a cable.

Ojn and on, a loan or thing lent.

Ojneac, mercy; also liberality ; n<x
b;ob <xnn bo f-;njce<xb ojnedc
cujre, let there be none to ex-
tend mercy unto him, Ps. 109.
12; also respect, deference; ca/t
ce<xnn o;ne<xc n<x cclej/iecxc,
through the deference due to
the clergy.

0;n;cc, liberal ; be<xn ojnjg, a ge-
nerous woman.

0;nme, with ; o;nme ^t;j_ mo;/t,

together with the great king.
Ojnirijb, a fool, or silly person.
0;nm;be<xc, foolish, silly.
Ojnmjbeoict;, folly.
0;n^e<xc, an abandoned silly per-

son ; also a harlot.
0;;t, for, because that; Gr. yap,

and Gall. car.
0;;t, golden, of or belonging to

gold ; vid. 6/1.
0;/t, the spindle-tree; hence the

diphthong Oj is so called.
0;j-i-be<x/tt, good actions, precious
deeds ; compounded of o/t, gold ;
and bed/it, a deed.
Ojjt-be<X;tt;<xc, great, precious.
Ojfib;b;n, honour, veneration.
0;/tb;bjne<xc, venerable ; <x o; j
6;fib;b;necxc, virgo veneranda.
, a lap-dog.

an instruction; also
34G

doctrine.

, a hurt, a wound.
necessary, fit, proper ;
ex. gac ;tce 01^* o;/ice<x^ bjcx/t-
^t<xb, tx ta <x bjA/i/tab ^-an pa;-
b;;i, every petition necessary to
be demanded, is to be found in
the Lord's Prayer.

Oj/ice<xpxcb, need, necessity.

0)/icea/ib, a goldsmith.
, a mess.

OjjicjU, provision reserved for the
absent.

Oj/icjll, against, in wait or expec-
tation ; <xn o;|tc;ll <xn c<xtcx,
against the fight; bo bejt <xm
o;/ic;ll, to lie in wait for me.

0;/tcjll;m, to bear or cairy.

Oj/tcJciTiac, gold-haired; Lat. aur't-
comus.

, a treasury or bank of

gold ; a precious magazine.
Oj|ibe<Xftc, noble, illustrious; corn-

par. o;/ibe<x/tc<x, more illustrious.
0;/tbeo.fico.;m, to flourish, to be

famous.

0;/ibe<v^c<x^, lustre, excellency.
0;jtbe;/tc, excellent, illustrious.
0;;te<xccy, pre-eminence, supre-

macy.

Ojfieacbu^, an assembly.
0;/ie<xb, as much, so much ; also

whilst; as, o;^e<xb L;e;b;;- na

mbeatajb, whilst they lived.—

Vid. AnnaL Tighern. an. 144.
0;/teab, or o;/ijno, ,to befit or be-

come; nj;t o;/t bo <x be&rKxm, it

was not fit or convenient for him

to do it.

Oj/iea j<x, chief, excellent.
0;/ieaj<x;t, a waste house or habi-

tation.

Oj/ie<xm<x;l, meet, proper.
Oj/team, a ploughman.
0;;ie<xmncxc, meet, or proper.
0;;te<xmujn, an influence ; o;/te-

(Xmno. mjllfe, sweet influences. —

Job, 38. 31.
0;/te<xmoa;n); to adapt or make fit.

0

0

0;rteafi, pleasant ; oj/tea/t-jlan,

fine and clear.

Ojnpb and o;/tpbeab, music,
a musician.

£/tea/", an ornament, a piece of
embroidery wrought by a needle
with figures or devices in gold ;
from op., gold, and g/iea^", an
ornament.

Oj/tjb, ^it is meet or convenient;
Ojivjb pj bam, it is meet for me.

0;/t;ob, or ojjieab, a quantity, as
much as; ^eacb nO;^t;ob, seven-
fold ; OjMeab jf jreabpzjb bo
b^e;c leo, as much as diey can
carry with them.

Oj^jm, to serve; o;;ijb bo, serve
ye him; 50 no;/tj:jb, that they
may serve.

Ojjijf, or JUJf, a chronicle.

Ojrtle, a piece, or fragment

Oj/tljm, to cut off.

Oj/tmjb, credit, respect.

0;/tneC\lca, neat, elegant, orna-
mental.

Ojft-nejmjm, to shine like gold.

0)j\ne]f, rectius a;/<ne;^, goods,
chattels, tackling, or any thing
to work with.

Oj/tne;^, a qualm of stomach, or
nauseousness.

Oj/injm, to ordain, to put in au-
thority ; bo o;^neab e jona ^a-
^aftc Joban, he was ordained a
pure priest ; ;a/t na o;/tneab na
7175 a_jfi Cbuabniumajn, after be-
ing proclaimed king of Tho-

. mond: it is sometimes written
oj;\bn;m, Lat. ordino.

Ojftjp, Oj/ip, or C6/ta;o, Europe.

Oj/ttea/t, the east, or eastern parts
of the world; on Ojncj/t; vid.

be<x^*. It also signifies " the day
following."— fid. Luke, 13.33.

, eastern.
, an hyberbole.
e&f, an epicycle.
cejmnjugdb, eminence, or su-
periority.

347

m, superstition.

0;/-;onajft, a taberd ; a habit for-
merly worn over a gown.
, an oyster.
f\jcJnn> superscription.

Ojf-fjirjm, to lie with the face up-
ward.

Ot, said ; ol j~e, said he, or says
he, like the common expression
•a;>t fe ; ol pab, ot fj, say they,
says she.

Ola, oil ; bujlleog cpta;nn ola, an
olive leaf; Lat. oleum, oleo.

Ola, vid. olam ; teac ola, a tip-
ling house ; teac an o;l, idem.

Olac, given to drunkenness, or
drinking to excess.

Olacan, immoderate drinking ;
pea^t olacajn, a sot or drunkard.

Olajm, to drink ; b'olaban an jo-
mab, tliey drank to excess.

Olann, wool ; b'ola;nn, of wool ;
olann cao^iac, sheep's wool ;
Wei. gula/i.

Ola/tt, a hone.

Ola/iran, an ungrateful smell.

Olc, bad, nauglit; also harm, da-
mage ; as, olc <xn gnjom, bad is
the action ; go bole bojb, their
foe ; also a substantive ; as, olc
cojtrceann, a common detri-
ment.

Olca^, naughtiness, badness.

Olc-labajfieac, blubber-lipped :
the last part of this compound
shows that labaj/t is a lip, like
the Lat. labri'i/:.

Olcoba;t, covetousness ; also plea-
sure ; also the name of some of
the Irish kings and nobles.

Olcu;-, badness ; a^i <x n'clcu^-, for
their badness.

Oleac, soaking.

Oleapxc, usual, frequent.
Oil, great, grand ; Gr. oAoe, tot us ;
oil a/i, a vast havoc, or great
slaughter.
Olla, woollen. -<*
Ollam, ready, prepared.

0 CO

o n

OUam, a doctor, or teacher ; one
well experienced in any science.
The <T/ib-oUam was the Archi-
Poeta, or Poet Laureat of the
king. This word, in its genitive

• case, forms ollaman in the same
manner that trallam forms cai-
man ', ollamu;n is the nominat.
plural.

Ollamajn, the learned ; also in-
struction; genit. ollamna; luct
ollamna, teachers of the sci-

ences.
OUamanra, learned.

Ollamnujab, to instruct or teach ;
also to solemnize.

Olla/tba/t, a great army.

OUatac, resentment.

OUbcty-, or otba^, than, more than,
rather than ; ex. n; peaca;b
pjonn bon b/to;ng baona ^no-
pe /t;am bean bu ajlle ollba^
an bean fjn, i. e. jrjonn (mac-
cu;l,) never saw of the human
species one more beautiful than
that lady.

OUb/taj, a funeral pile.

Olleab, an affront, or indignity.

Ollmata^", great riches; ex. oil-
mat a/" an tyaojajl, the goods
of the world.

OU-mucac, having great herds of
swine.

OU-tuab, a great ax.

Oma;l and omalab, the same as
tomalab, to eat ; ;to omajl
C/t;o^t m;l aju^ ;a/-j ;a/-i ne;-
;-e;/\je, Christ cat fish and ho-
ney after his resurrection. —

L:B.

Oima/1, a trough ; also a clipboard.
Om, lonesome, unfrequented; ex.

na/i ab om bo mu/t, may not

your house be a desert; also

raw.

Oman for oban, dread, terror.
Omnea;t, an embryo.
Omna, an oak-tree ; omna na bua/t-

ja;B an rlu^i, trees which a
343

multitude could not clear away.

Omna, a lance or spear.

Omjia, amber.

Om/iann, a division, or share.

On and o;n, advantage, gain.

On, a stain.

On, sloth, laziness.

On a, slow, sluggish, inactive, lazy.

Ong, clean, clear.

Onj, sorrow, grief, a sigh or
groan.

Onj, healing, curing.

Ong, a fire, a hearth.

Ongab or ungab, anointing, or
unction.

Ongab or onja;m, to anoint; Lat.
utigo.

Onjb/ion, trespass.

Onjca, anointed.

Onna;t, there is.

Onn, a -stone.

Onn, a horse.

Onn, furze or gorse : hence the
name of the letter 0.

Onnconn, a standard or ensign.

Onoj/t, honour, respect; Lat. ho-
nor.

Ono/iac, honourable; comp. ono-
;ia; j, more honourable.

Ono/iajm, to honour ; also to reve-
rence ; b'ono/tu; j fe £>;a, he
worshiped God.

Ono/iu; jce, honoured, reverenced.

Oft, gold ; Wei. oyr, Lat. aurum. '
This Irish word has an ana-
logy with the Heb. *n, lucere,
splendere, quia lucet et splen-
(h'tannnn. — Vid. Henric. Opit.
Lex.

0/t or 5;/i, for, because.

O/i, a voice or sound, y

0/1, a border, or coast ; o 6/t 50
I)5/i, from coast to coast; Lat.
ora.

0/iacu;l, an oracle. \

O/taganj the herb organy; I^at.
fturiganum ; it is vulgarly ]>ro-
nounced a/tajan.
0/ia;b, an oration ; also a prayer.

o n

o s

i, to pray ; 6^u;b bo
bac O'bubtojg Seano;/t 6;-
Hjonn, orate pro Mniredaco
CfDubthaigh seniors Hibernice.
i, or onrn, i. e. <*j/t me, of or

- on me ; cujmn; j o/tm, remember
me.

0/tba;/te, mercy, goodness ; t/te
Onb'dj/te <xn CJcutna, through
the Lord's mercy.

0;tb<xnn, a gold coin.

0;tbjr, humble, mild.

Oft-bu;beac, the yellow pure, call-
ed or, or topaz, in the arms of
an earl or lord ; or sol in that
of a king or prince.

0/tc, and o/tcab, and o^cap, to
kill or destroy, to put to death ; |
Hisp. ahorcar, to hang; <x bu- j
bdjnt: junb ecco;n Cj\)Qft bo
O/tcajn, he said it was unjust to
put Christ to death. — L. B.

One, a hen-egg.

0;tc, a salmon.

0/tc, or <XMC, a young pig; bab
lujci j <x ccjonn mjo^o. otbO.^
One Cftanac, in one month's time
ehe was less than a young pig. —
L.B.

a prnces son.
0;tco;le;n, a golden collar.
0;icrt<Xb, grief, sorrow.
Ofib, an order; 6/tb

holy order.
Cuba, a piece or fragment.
0;xba; j;m, to order ; also to wish
or desire ; b'6/tbirjj bo;b ^eart-
mo)n bo beanam bon pob<xl, he
ordered them to preach to the
people ; also to appoint or or-
dain; mo.;t opbocujb na b/tej-
ce<xmu;n, as the arbiters shall
determine : it is written also 6ft-
jro ; Lat. ordino, jubeo.
, love, generosity.
, golden, of gold.
, a mallet,
c, an inch.
- 0/tboj, a thumb ; also the sreat
349

toe : hence 6;tblac or o^lac sig-
nifies an inch, or the breadth of
the thumb : onboj is only the
diminut. of 5;ib.

0/tbu jvxb, an order or decree ; also
arrangement ; Oftbu j<vb <xn bana,
the arrangement or disposition
of the poem.

0/tbu;j;m, to order or ordain, to
set in order.

te, ordered.
, an organ.

0;iJ<x;n, slaughter.

0;t j,nu<vg<xc, yellow-haired.

0/tla^ta and 6;tla^t:<xm<i;l, shining
like gold.

O/tm .and o/tm^<x, upon me, i. e. <x/t
me.

0/tm<ijbe<xn, the morning, the break
of day.

Oftmjanac, gold ore, a gold mine.

Oj\n, slaughter, massacre.

0;tn<X, barley.

0/tn<x;je, a prayer.

0;tnotj j;m, to adorn.

0/t;t<x, or o/t^t<x, on them ; some-
times po/t/tco..

0;tt, &f 0;tc, he slew or killed ;
also to ravage or plunder.

0/tt, on thee, i. e. <X;t tu.

0;tc<X, begone.

0/tt<x, or o^^toi, a collect, or short
prayer; also a charm, but in
this last sense it is always said

0;tu;b, on you; opujrin, on us.

0/ium^<x, on me, towards me.

Of, above, over upon; of cjonn
n<x c<xc/t<xc, above or over the
city.

Of is sometimes used in compound
words, as, ojj--c/nejbe<xm, super-
stition.

Of, a deer.

Of, is often prefixed to adjectives,
by which means they become
adverbs ; ex. of a/tb, loudly or
publicly ; Of jfeal, softly or
privately.

o s

O C

~<xb, or fOfab, a desisting, a
cessation, or giving over; Oj-ab
com/iojc, an armistice, or sus-
pension of arms.

, to desist from, to cease.
<x/i, the younger; vicL
or

ac, eminent, superior to others.
^cdfi, the motion of the hands in
swimming.

1, a leap or bound.
i, a guest, or traveller.
i, a combatant, a champion;
also the name of one of the Irish
champions, named also Urju/t.
, a ruinous fall.
x, renowned, famous.

, an hospital.
x, loud, clamorous.
, a meteor.

exceed or excel.
preeminence, or
superiority.
OfCUjlte, open, manifest ; te l)t)j\
Ofcujlte ;on<x la;m, with an
open letter in his hand.
Ofcul, the armpit.

a or Oft a, a house ; Hisp. ostaL
tjg 6|-ba, an inn.
i, a host, a landlord ; m'or-
, my host.
c, frail, brittle.

or jro^glajm, to open ;
! fe <xn bO;ia^", he opened
the door.

/--5/ia;b, a superscription ; from
Of, above or upon; and jfia^b,
Gr. 7po0r), writing ; Lat. scrip-
tio.

survivin.

, a sigh,ta groan ; <
mo bu;lleab no. m'o^n<xb, my
stroke is heavier than my groan-

n.

c, groaning, sighing.
0/^ndJbe, or o^n<x; jeal, a groan-

>

naj j;m, to sigh, to groan,
, a back burden.

a porter or carrier.
, idem.
, an hostler. A

0/-u;be, or Offpufoe, Ossory in
Leinster, the ancient principality
of the Fitzpatricks, Irish, 00<xc-
^;oU<x-pdb/tu;3, and of several
other families, chiefly the O'Ca-
rols, descended from Ccxbj, son
of Ot;ololuiD, king of Minister
and Leinster, the O'Donchas of
Goran, the O'Dubhshlaines, or
O'Delanys, and the O'Brenans.

Ota/1, labour, toil; hence bu;ne
Otaj/t, a rustic, a labourer.

Otd/t, sick, weak, wounded ; 6b
cudlaboi/t no. boca;/! fin, bej/i-
je<xba/t ^o bobann, when the
wounded heard that, they imme-
diately arose. — K. de Brien Boi-
roimtie.

Oc<x/t, wages.

Ot/i<xc, vid. ot/tdc.

, a disease or disorder.
c, sick, diseased.

, an hospital for sick and
wounded.

tr/iac, dung, but particularly
horse-dung, as bu<xtt;t<xc or bu<xl-
t<xc is peculiar to that of cows
or oxen.

REMARKS ON THE LETTER p.

p is the thirteenth letter of the Irish alphabet, and ranked amon^;
the hard consonants, called in Irish conyo;neci,bcv c/tuctod. It bears
350

an

REMARKS ON THE LETTER

aspirate, and then pronounces exactly like the Greek <j>, and is numbered
among the rough consonants, called con^ojneaba jAtbcv. This letter is
called in Irish pejc-boj. Our grammarians do not inform us from what
tree it borrows this appellative, and O'Flaherty is equally silent concern-
ing it. But it seems quite obvious, that it can mean nothing else than
be;t-boj, or b soft, that is to say, p is only a soft or mollifying way of ex- "Z-
pressing b ; ancfthe reason of it is, because~originally they were the
same letter, and p was not used in the Irish language before our know-
ledge of the Latin since the time of St. Patrick. In our old parchments
we find these two letters taken indifferently one for another, as p»\ut<xc,
cr boor or rustic, for b/uit<xc, Lat. brutvm ; pej^r or pjo/r, any beast,
for be;/-tr, Lat. bestia; bojp, to them, for bo;b ; fjp, you, for j-jb, £cc.
In like manner b is very often set before any word beginning with p, in
which case p is not pronounced, although it seems to be the primary let-
ter, as <x bp;<xn. their pain, Lat. poena; <x bpftj<xc<x;t, their danger, Lat.
perictdvm; <x bpeacab, their sin; pronounced <x b;o.n, <x bp;<xc<xl, a
beaco.b, &c. ; by which we may plainly see how just the remark of Mr.
Lhuyd, in his Comparat. Etymol. tit. i". p. 21. col 1., is, "There are,"
says he, '• scarce any words in the Irish, besides what are borrowed from
the Latin or some other language, that begin with p, insomuch that in an
ancient alphabetical vocabulary I have by me, that letter is omitted."
Besides we find in the old Norwegian alphabet, which is the ancient
Runic alphabet, that there is no difference between the figure of the cha-
racters b and;;. — fid. Glaus Worm. Lit. Run. p. 54. The Greeks did
write them indifferently one for another, as Gr. fiartiv for TTO-HJ', Lat.
ambulare ; fiucpov for TTIKOOV, Lat. acerbum: hence it is, that in verbs
which terminate in /3w, they change it into Trato in the future tense, as
Gr. Af<)3w, to leave, fut. Acnrcrw, and not Act/Ban;. And the Latins have
followed their example, as, scribo, to write, perf. scrips!, and sup. scrip-
turn, and not scribsi, and scribtum. And it is by reason of this identity
between b and p, that the Latins say pasco, to feed, from Gr. |3o<r*:u/;
papa, from Gr. fta3ai ; buxus, from Gr. -u£oe ; pedo, from Gr. /3&w ;
puteus, from Gr. /3w0oc, &c. And the Greeks, to observe it by the by,
have in like manner taken their 711/070?, a tower or castle, from the Phoe-
nicians, their first instructors in letters, in whose language it is

, os n eers, n wose anguage s orgt^

which is plainly of the same root with our Irish word brtog or b/tug, a;
strong or fortified place, also a lord's court or castle ; whence the French'
bourg, the German burgh, and English borough, do in a larger sense
signity a town, just as castellwn, properly a fortress, is often used by
Caesar in his Commentaries to signify a town or village ; and in the same
manner that the Gothic word gards, properly a house or castle, doth
sometimes mean a town, for asgard and a.sbu'rg are the same. But to
indicate the close mutual atfinity of b and/?, Quintilian assures us, that in
pronouncing the word obtinuit, our ears rather perceive aptlnuit ; in old
inscriptions apsens is written for absens, pleps for plebs, poplicus fof
pubhcus, &c. And hence we familiarly say suppono for subpono, op-
pono for obpono. The Dutch pronounce" ponum rinum for bonum vinum.
By what has been observed we plainly see that b and p were originallv
the same letter, and that pejt-fcoj can be nothing else than be^-tog, or

ool

a p tf

' '

b mollified. Mr. Lluiyd remarks in the above cited place, that a con- '
siderable number of those words, whose initial letter is p in the British,
begin in the Irish with c ; ex. par aid, wherefore, Ir. c^ieab; Wei. pryv,
" a worm, Ir. c/iu;m ; Wei. prenn, a tree, Ir. c/tann ; Wei. pen, a head, Ir.
cean. And we find the like affinity in many words between the Greek
and Latin, and the Irish language; as Ir. Caj^g and Cfy-ja, Easter, Gr.
Traa\a, Lat. pascha, and Chald. xrrDS, which is derived from the Heb.
rrt>*) or nos, Lat. transitus, the Passover; and Ir. co^, the leg, Gr.
rrovq, and Lat. pes, Ir. clum, a feather, Lat. pluma, Gr. TTTI\OV and
•n-TtXvfjLa, Wei. plnv, &c. The same observation has been made by Vos-
sius with respect to the interrogatives and relatives of the Ionic dialect :
Zones, says he, in interrogativis mutant p in c, ita cos dicunt pro pos,
hocos pro hopos, pro polos, coios, pro pote, cote ; ce pro pe. Mr. Bax-
ter (in Glossario Antiquce Britannia, p. 90,) remarks, that the oldest
Brigantes, whom he esteems the first inhabitants of Britain, never used in
their language the sound of the letter p, which was afterwards introduced
by the Belgic Britains. If the old Brigantes were really of the first in-
habitants of Britain, it would follow, that they were a part of the Guide-
lian, or Gaulish colony, which went over to Ireland, and whom Mr.
Lhuyd evidently proves to have been the first inhabitants of all that part
of Great Britain which now comprehends England and Wales. It hath
been observed before, that the lingua prisca, or the primitive Latin
tongue, was chiefly formed upon the Celtic, and the truth of this obser-
vation is abundantly confirmed throughout the whole course of this dic-
tionary. This being premised as a fact, it follows that the following Cel-
tic words, still preserved in the Irish, viz. clum, cu;ty-e, (corruptly cujf-
le,) cojicu/t, or cu/icu/1, clanb, co;b, obuj;i, feet, were respectively the
originals upon which the Latin words, pluma, pulsus, purpura, planta,
copies, (copiarum,) opus, opens, septem, have been formed, as mere de-
rivatives from the respectives Celtic architypes above written ; what in-
deed plainly appears from their consisting of a greater number of sylla-
bles. And hence I presume it may rationally be conjectured, that the
primitive Latin words in the lingua prisca, formed upon the above Cel-
tic originals, were cluma, culsus, curcura, clanta, cobice, arum, obus,
oberis, sectem; and this conjecture is the more rational, as the primitive
number of letters brought first into Greece by Cadmus, and afterwards to
the Aborigines of Italy by Evander the Arcadian, consisted but of six-
teen, as we are assured by Tacitus, Anal, n., and by Plinius, 1. 7. c. 56,
which could not be, without excluding the letter p, as well as the 7j,
which latter makes but an aspirate in several languages.

tallow enclosed in a long piece
of linen cloth, used by the poor
people.

, a pavement ; <x/-i <xn bpcx-
, upon the pavement,
an <xc, a heathen.

b, heathenism.
a;beor, a kind of torch made of
352

, the Lord's Prayer, from
the first word of it in Latin,

pcf

pater ; it thence signifies any

oration or prayer ; plur. pajb;te-

aca.
pa;b;>t;n, a set of beads, a ro-

sary.

pa;te;;t;/-, the palsy.
P<x;U;un. a tent.
'Pa;lm, the palm-tree;

pa;lnoe, palm branches.
. p\x;ne<xl, a pannel.
pa;n;b, strong.
pajnteaftajm, to ensnare or tre-

pan.

a snare or gn.
to ensnare.
a park or field.
the palsy :
, the dead palsy.
pC\;nt, union, confederacy.
pajnteai, a partner, or partaker ;

also free-hearted, loving.
Ocxjteoj, butter.

, a partridge.

suffering, or passion ; paj;~
an Slana; jtreo/ia, the passion of
our Lord ; Lat. passio.

or paj^te, a young boy
or girl, like the Greek accusat.
case of TrmC) pu?r, which in the
Doric dialect forms TrataSa.
pa;/b;r>, dim. of pajj-be, a very
young child.

a palace, or regal seat ;
Lat. palathnn.
polnaj/te, a rudder.
papa, the pope ; Lat. pnpa, and
Gr. irairira, pater.

, parchment.
a;-ibun, pardon.

<x?t<xt}7-, or pa^tajltj/-, the palsy ;
Gr. TrapaXicrtc, Lat. parali/.v's,
Wei. parlas, and Arm. para-
lizi.

a^alu/*, a parlour, or lower room
for the use of entertaining vi-
sitors.

a parish.

Paradise ; <x meoban
353

in the midst of
Paradise.

Pa;tta6, partaking.
pa;tC<x;be, a partner, or partaker.
, a vessel.
, a hare.
, a leveret,
rac, thickness.
Oat/tun, a patron.

Deac, peuc, or pj<xc, any long x"C
sharp-pointed thing, the sprout-
ing germ of any vegetable ; gen-
pejc and pe;ce, also a long
tail ; hence the peacock derives
its name,
peacac, sharp-pointed ; also beau •

tiful.

peacac, sinful ; also a sinner ;
plur. peacajb ; jujb o^t/tu;nn
na peaca;b, pray for us sinners;
Lat. peccator ft peccatrix.
peacab, sin ; Wei. pechod, Ar.
pechet, Lat. peccatum ; peacab
an tffjrifJUt original sin, or that
of our first father.

peacajjjm, to sin ; bo peacu;je-
amaj^t ujte, we have all sinned ;
Lat. pecco.

peactrac, a sinner ; Lat. pecca-
tor.

Penil, a horse.
jOeaU, a couch or pallet,
peatl and pealltoj, a veil or co-
vering, a pall.

peann, a writing pen ; Lat. pen-
no, , a feather.

, a pencil.
, a fencer.
, a pair of pinchers,
peanla, a pearl, or precious stone :
often used to express a great
beauty.

pea/tya, or pea/tj-an, a person ;
plur. pea^fanna ; t/t; pean-
^-anna na C^;onojbe, the three
persons of the Trinity,
-a, a verb.

2 v

p e

pea^ and pea^an, a purse,
petty-- jabujje, a pickpocket,
pea^-lab/ton, idem.
peat/-tu;c, a halter,
pejc, a great tail; gen. pe;ce;

vid. peac.

pe;c, a measure. — Matt. 13. 33.
]3e;c;oUac, that hath a long tail.
pe;ll;c, a hut or booth made up
of earth and branches of trees,
the whole covered at the top
with skins of beasts, anciently
used in Ireland ; in Latin it may
be called donmncula pellicea ;
hence pejll;ce is the name ol
different places in the County of
Cork.

p e;l;ocan, a pelican.
pejnn, from p;an, punishment ;

Lat. pcena.

pe;n-bl; je, a penal law.
pe;nnea/i, a pen-case, or ink-
horn.

pe;r>;teacb, idem.
pe;/tc;ol, a nook or corner,
Pejjie, a pear-tree ; also a pear.
Pe;/te, a pair or couple.
Pejjieab, rage or fury.
pe;/t;<xcujl, or p/ijacujt, urgent
occasion or necessity ; also dan-
ger, peril ; Lat. periculum.
•' ' pe 7 rye, a row or rank ; pe;/y;je,
idem ; also a perch.
, parsley.

e, a cutpurse.
i, a cutpurse.

• jpejjrfc, a worm, a monster, or
beast; Lat. bestia; dim. pejf-
tjn ; vid. bejftjn.
pe;t, a musician,
pejtea/ttajcte, versed in ancient
history, especially in sacred wri-
tings ; o ;7t«7J^6~be<XtatylAjcte,
from ancient hagiographers.
pejteab, music.

pejtea/ilac, tlie old law or testa-
ment, (Lat. betus, veteris, and
354

Lex. legis?) annfjn bo com -/ia -
nuj jeab £

ba/t carianjac bo

all the prophecies, that regarded

Christ in the old or new law,

were fulfilled; be;tre<x/il<xc,zWew.

— L. K.

pe/teaI5;c, a perriwig.
, a pestle. ^
Boj, the letter p. Flak. Ogi/g.

p. 239. ex Codice Lecano. — Vid.

the remarks on this letter.
peu/tl<x and pe<x/ila, a pearl. 4
fibapjfjneac, a Pharisee.
)^/7a/tcx, from px;/i; j;m, to watch.
p;<x jam, to hang up.
p;<xn, pain ; genit. pe;nne ; plur. *

pjanta, pangs ; pjana, id^m /

Gr. TroLvr], and pcena.
, aflBiction.
, to afflict, punish, or tor-

ment ; ex. bo p;<xn <xbo.;i e, they

tormented him ; p;o.n

let them be tormented.

, rough, rugged.
:, a worm, a beast.
p;b, a pipe; diminut. pjban, a

small pipe.
p;6, or pjp, and pjoban, or pjo-

pan, a pipe ; also the windpipe ;

Wei. pib, and Cor. piban.
p;c and p;c, pitch ; p;c talma; je,

slime ; Lat. pix, picis, Wei. p//o-.

Je^ a P^ ; p; je jreota, a pasty.

n> a penny ; p; jn;n, ?Wew.
p;le;/t, a pillar, r
]D;ll;m, rec^'w.sp;tleaba;m, to turn,

to roll; p;ll;m ua;b, to turn

away, to drive back.
p;ll;n, a panel, or packsaddle.
p;ll;u/t, a pillow. X
pjl^-ej/i, the fish called pilchard. ^
p;nc;tar>n, a pine-tree; ^eaja

p;nc/ta;nrvpine branches.
pjncjn, a gilliflower.

is sometimes written i!>r

bjnn, the inflexion of beann, sig-
nifying the peak, point, top, or
summit of any thing, but is
mostly applied to a hill or moun-
tain.

P;nteala;m, to paint,
pjntealta, painted,
pjobabojpt, a pipe-maker.
P;oba;^e, a piper ; p;oba;^e ma-
la, a bagpiper.
Pjobajfteacb, piping ; ag bea-

nam pjobajfteacb, piping.
Pjobam, to pipe,
pjoban, a small pipe.
\p;oba/i, pepper; Lat. piper.
pjofca(n, a sieve ; also a honey-
comb.

P;oco;b, a mattock or pick-ax,
pjolajb and pjolajt, a prince's

palace.

pjola;b, Pilate, the Roman go-
vernor, who passed sentence of
death on our Saviour.
P;ol5jb and pjoloj/t, a pillory.
.> P;on and pjonn, a pin or peg.
, punishment.
, punished.

, a conduit-pipe,
pjo/tojb, a pirate.
Pjonojbe, a parrot.
P;o^t^a, a pear.

, a piece ; also a cup.
2, whispering.
pro pj^eora, witchcraft,
pjopan, the windpipe ;
i'id. p;b.

pease ; pjy- capal and -pjf
i, vetches.

i, lentils, any kind of
pulse.

'jfeoj, witchcraft, divination ;
lucb p;ye6ja, sorcerers or wi-
zards.

ijfeogac, belonging to witch-
craft ; also a sorcerer.
>;t, a dike or pit.

355

pta, a green plat, a meadow.

placantracb, coarseness.

plaj<x;m, to plague. ,>

plajg, a plague or pestilence, a
contagion ; genit. pla ja ; blja-
ja;n na plara, the year of the
pestilence ; Lat. plaga.

plajneub, a planet.

plajtjn, the skull ; ptajtjn <xn
cjnn, the crown of the head.

plajt;n, a little plate.

ptana, a plane for smoothing '
wood ; ;te n<x ptonujb, with his
planes; hence it means meta-
phorically a fine plausible colour
given to an action or story ; bo
cu/t £-e plcuid <x;^t, he gave it a
plausible colour.

plannba, a plant. •

, to plant.

, a husk or shell ; plao;/--
is its diminutive; Cor.plysg,
Arm. plyusken ; hence it signi-
fies the skull ; plao^j an cjnn,
the shell of the head, or the
skull; plao^jn a nob, egg-shells.
b, a sound or noise.

, to sound, or make a
noise, to burst.

;;taj jjm, to plaster.
, plastering.

picitra, a platr

ptea^-j and ptea^jab, a noise.

plea/-ja;m, to crack or break, to
burst ; also to strike or beat.

pbb and ploban, standing water.

ptuc, a cheek; genit. plu;ce and %
plu;c, pi. pluca.

placam, to puff up the cheeks.
, that has great cheeks.

Plucam, to press or squeeze. —

Luke, 8. 45.

pluca;;teac t, impertinence.
ptu;c, a cheek ; diminut. plujc;n.
ptumba, a plummet; Lat. plum-

bum, lead.

p o

I ptufi, or putu/i, powder, flower,
meal ; Lat. pulver or pulvis ;
ptu;t na B'jrea/i, tlie flower or
the choice of men.

ptu/tac, full of meal.

plutab, a breaking or tearing

down.

,* pobal, a people, a tribe, a congre-
gation ; Lat. populus ; popal
be, populus Dei ; pi. po;blea-
ca or pu;bleaca. Note. — This
word pobal, or more properly
pobul, is prefixed to the names
of several particular territories
of Ireland, and means not only
the land but the people that in-
habit it. Thus,

pobul ) Cbeallacajn, is the name
of a territory in the County of
Cork, extending from Mallow
westward, on both sides of the
river Blackwater, the ancient es-
tate of the princely family of the
O'Callaghans. The chief of this
family was transplanted by Oli-
ver Cromwell into the County of
Clare, where he gave him a
landed property, which was very
inconsiderable in comparison of
the large and noble estate he
had deprived him of. The pre-
sent chief of the family, who is
Donogh O'Callaghan, Esq., still
enjoys the County of Clare es-
tate. A branch of this noble
family followed the fate of King
James the Second ; of which
branch Baron Louis Denis O'Cal-
laghan, Grand Veneur to His
Serene Highness the Reigning
Prince Margrave of Baden-Ba-
den, is now the direct represen-
tative. His daughter, Made-
moiselle O'Callaghan, a young
lady of great natural endow-
ments, is lady of honour to Her
Serene Highness the reigning
Margravine. The princely fa-
mily of the O'Callaghans is de-
356

p o

seended from GOOftOJ, the first
son of bono j, who was the only
son of Ceallacan-Caj^jl, kin<:
of Cashel and Munster from the
year 939 to 954, according to
the Annals of Innisfallen. This
descent of the O'Callaghans,
from the elder son of Ceallacan
Caj^;l, is warranted by a very
authentic and well known manu-
script called buana;/ie pb;a-
/tu;^ pe/rjteuj-t, formerly in the
possession of Mr. Pierse Ferri-
ter of the County of Kerry ; in
the genealogical part of which
manuscript is to be seen the fol-
lowing note in the Irish lan-
guage: Ceallacan-Cajpl; mac
Ouabcajn, eun mac te;^*, i. e.
bonca ; fccx mac te bonca, i. e.
I °- QOu/ica, a quo O'Ceallacajn,
agu^ 2°' Sao/ib/ieatac, a quo
Qann-Ca/ttaj j, ftjog/ia bea/--
muman. In English, Callaghan,
king of Cashel, son of Ouacan,
had but one son, by name Do-
nogh. Donogh had two sons ;
the first was Morogh, whose pos-
terity were called O'Callaghan,
from the name of his grand-
father Ceattacan-Ca;^;l ; and
the second, Sao/tB/ieacac, i. e.
Justinus, from whom descended
the Mac Cartys, kings of Des-
mond. I find in Mac Fearguil's
Topographical and Genealogical
Account of Munster, that O'Cal-
laghan was the proprietary lord
of the districts called Cja/tujje-
C/?uj/tce and Qneal-Ctoj/t-bea-
;iajb, between Cork and Kin-
sale, about the end of the twelfth
and beginning of the thirteenth
centuries.

pobut J Ob;tja;n, in English, Poblo
Brien, now a barony in the
County of Limerick, the ancient
estate of a izreat and distin-
guished branch of the O'Briens

p o

of tbeThomoncl family, descend-
ed from Concuba/t, or Conor
O'Brien, second son of Mahon-
Menevy O'Brien, and king of
Thomond, or North Munster,
from the year 1406 to 1415, ac-
cording to the genealogical ac-
counts of the Mac-Brodines and
the O'Mulconnerys, the former of
whom were genealogists of the
O'Briens and of all the Dalcas-
sian race. Brien Duff, the eldest
son of this Conor O'Brien, hav-
ing not sufficient maturity of age
to succeed his father in the king-
dom of Thomond, according to
the Thanistic Law, was obliged
to leave the succession to his
cousin-german, Teig O'Brien,
son of 0/i;an Celt- <xn tton<x;;j;,
an elder brother of Conor O'Bri-
en, and ancestor of the Earls of
Thomond. Brien Duff, in con-
sequence of this revolution, set-
tled in the above district of
Popul ) Obftjen, so called from
him and his posterity, and whose
principal to\vn and seat was Ca-
rigoguinol. The present direct
chief of this family is Daniel
O'Brien, who lives at Glyn in
the County of Limerick. A
daughter of Mahon O'Brien,
grandson to the above Brien-
Duff O'Brien, was married to
John Fitz-Thomas, Earl of Des-
mond, who died in the year
1536 ; vid. the leaba/t-J/i^e
of the said O'Muleonnerys, treat-
ing of the Earls of Desmond.
Her name was QDo/t, or C)Q6/i<x
0'0/tjen ; her husband being the
fourth son of Thomas, Earl of
Desmond, beheaded at Dro-
gheda an. 1476; they both lived
in the barony of Kineatalloon,
in the County of Cork, which
was their only appanage, until
John succeeded his three elder
357

p o

brothers in the earldom. This
lady, as soon as her husband be-
came Earl of Desmond, obtained
from him a grant of a consider-
able landed property in fee in
the above baronies for her cou-
sin-german, Turlogh O'Brien,
who with his father, Morogh
O'Brien, removed from Pobul
Brien to Kineatalloon, to live on
that property, soon after the
beginning of the sixteenth cen-
tury. The present Earl of Lis-
more is the direct descendant of
the above Morogh and Turlogh
O'Brien, and chief representative
of this branch of the O'Briens of

<xn St<xc<x;j, is the name of
a considerable territory near the
river Feil in the County of Ker-
ry, which was the ancient estate '
of the Stacks, a family of good ft
antiquity and distinction in that
country. Their tradition im-
ports that they came from Wales,
and were settled in that district
before the arrival of the English
and Welsh adventurers, who
came over as auxiliaries to the
king of Leinster in the year
1172. This would seem to make
it probable that the Stacks were
a particular family of those war-
like Danes, who having con-
quered England towards the
end of the tenth century under
their king Suene, were, for the
far greater part, massacred,
and partly dispersed by King
Ethelred "in the year 1002 ; by
which sudden revolution, those
who providentially escaped were
obliged to take refuge in Wales
and Ireland, in which latter
country those of their nation
were very numerous and power-
ful since the eighth century, un-
til the ever- victorious monarch,

p

o

Brieti Boiroimhe, gave the finish-
ing stroke to their sway in Ire-
land, at the bloody battle of
Clontarf, near Dublin, in the
year 1014. Yet several particu-
lar families of the Danish blood
remained in Ireland after this
great event, and subsist there in
good note to this day : such as

X the Copingers, the Goulds, the
Cotters, the Dromgpules, the
Trants, the Skiddys, the Terrys,
and some others, who would fain
pass themselves for Strongbow-
nians, not considering that the
Danes are more respectable in
point of antiquity. But if my
conjecture concerning the origin
of the Stacks be contrary to the
tradition of the family, I would
not have it esteemed of any sort
of weight. The chiefs of this
family, who were always styled
<\n Stcxc<xc, i. e. the Stack, made
intermarriages with several fa-
milies of ancient distinction and
nobility in different parts of
Minister. Richard Stack of
Cambray, Esq., knight of the
Military Order of St. Louis, and
colonel in the French service,
well known and distinguished
for all sorts of noble sentiments,
is now the hereditary chief of
this ancient family.
popub J 6<xlu; jte, is the ancient
name of a large parish in the
barony of Musgry and County
of Cork, otherwise called the
parish of boncxj-mo/1, the an-
cient estate of the O'Healys. —
Fid. bomnac-moft, sup.

< poc and pocan, a he-goat; poc-
jiuab, a roebuck. This word
was first written boc; and all
the words of mere genuine Irish
/ that now begin with the letter p,
formerly began with 6.

.Pox, a kiss; genit. pojje, plur.
" 358

, to kiss.
po;bleoj, a poplar tree.
po;bl;6c, the common people.
pO;bl;|e, public ; 50 po;bl;je,

publicly.

po;/i^e, a porch ; plur. po;/i^; je.
pojpfjun, a portion.
po;^je<xlltx;m, to betroth.
po;pm, to lug or haul.
po;c, excessive drinking. %
pojtea/tacb, hard drinking ; Lat.

potare, to drink hard.
po;tc;i;.ab and po;cc/tjota, pot-
ter's clay.

po;t;n, a small pot. \
pola, a pole. .*
pola;/ie, a searcher of holes and

corners,
poll, a hole or pit ; poll-fpon, a

nostril ; bo te;l^eaba/t <x bpoll

e, they threw him into a pit;

Gr. TrAoXfoc-
polla;/ie, a hole ; pollcij/i; j na

f^on, the nostrils.
POHC, a point or article ; .pone

c/te;b;m, a dogma of faith.
pone;/te, beans ; and ponaj;ie,

idem.

pent, austere, cruel.
, a master.

, a pig ; Lat. porous. ^
po/tcan, a small pig.
pO/i/tOty-be, a parish ; Lat. paro-
' chia.
po/i/t<x;/*be<xc, a parishioner.

, a tune, or jig; ex. po/tt:

/tajnce, a dancing jig.

, a fort, or garrison ; hence
j/ige, the town of \Va-

terford ; hence also 0<x;Ue-

po;^it, a great seat, or noted

town,
tt;, properly is the area or plot

of ground on which any building

is drawn out; CeatlpOftt, a ca-

p o

thedral church ; hence it means
also a garrison ; also a palace,
or royal seat.

, a port or haven, a bank.
, a house; ex. pOftt-b;at<x,
the house-feeding or stall-feed-
ing of any beast.

po/ttdn, the fish called crab ;
po/ttan-gtiX^, green crab ; po/i-
tan-capujtl, spider-crab.
ortt-tftja;te, a stall-fed hog ;
from pOftr, a house, and t:;i;<xt.
a hog : it is commonly pronounc-
ed pO;tt;/i<x;cce.

6^<xb, corrupted from bo^<xb, or
bofui), the only word in the
Irish language to signify mar-
riage or wedlock. Note. — The
Romans gave the appellative of
//tafri/notn'iim to the conjugal
state; because by the solemn
conjunction or contract of man
and woman, the woman was put
in the way of becoming a mo-
ther, mater, and raising a family
This was plainly giving a name
to an act, that is derived from
the effect of the same act, which
seems an unnatural way of form-
ing a language. The Spaniards
have no other word to signify
the conjugal contract but casa-
miento, which literally means
housing, or taking a separate
house to raise a family ; because
the young couple before their
marriage were supposed to live
with their respective parents,
and had no houses of their own
property : so that to mean that a
woman is married, they say esta
casada, she is housed ; and of a
married man they say, esta ca-
sado, he is housed, from casa, a
house. This is likewise bor-
rowing the name of an act from
one of its consequences. But

p o

the Irish word b6/<xb, signifying
the conjugal contract, is bor-
rowed in a more natural manner
from a material ceremony which
accompanied the marriage of the
ancient Irish, as well as that of
the Germans, as we are informed
by Tacitus de Morib. German,
cap. 18. This ceremony con-
sisted in the actual exhibition of
the down", or marriage portion,
at the time of the conjugal con-
tract ; and as this dowry, among
the Germans, as well as the old
Irish, consisted of nothing else
but cattle, and more especially
cows, boves etfrcpnatum eqwmi,
as Tacitus says of German mar-
riage portions. It is from thence
that the ancient Irish called the
conjugal contract by the appel-
lative of bopxb, or bopib, which
literally means to be endowed or
portioned with cows, from the
Irish word bo, a cow. It is to
be noted, that the daughters
among the old Irish never shared
with the sons in the patrimonial
estate in lands, which were
equally divided between the
male offspring, as amongst the
old Germans;* wherefore such
daughters as were portioned at
their marriage had generally no
other fortune but cattle ; and
the Irish language has no other
word to signify a woman's mar-
riage portion but ^p/te or ^bfte,
which literally means cattle. The
men of quality amongst the old
Irish never required a marriage-
portion with their wives, but ra-
ther settled such a dowry upon
them as was a sufficient mainte-
nance for life in case of widow-
hood; and this was equally the
custom of the German nobles,

Teutonicis priscis patrios successit in agros mascula stirps omnis, ne potens ulla foret.
359

p n

and particularly of the Franks.
poj-ba, married, joined in wed-

lock.
f po^ta, a post; <x/t no. po/*ba;j;b,

upon the posts.
4 pota, a pot.
potcxbo;/i, a potter.
potajro, to drink hard, or to ex-

cess ; Lat. poto, potare.
p6t<x;;ie, a pot-companion ; po-

tojfte j:;ona, a wine-bibber.
p6t<v;/teo.cb, potting or tippling.
potjrolac, a pot-lid.
pot, or <xnpot, a bachelor.
p/i<xb, quick; 50 p/to.5, immedi-

ately.

P/ta;b;n, earnest business.
p/i&jb;ne<xc, earnest; 30 p/t<x;b;-

ne<xc, earnestly.
p/ta;^, brass; gen. of p/ia^.
p;iaty-e<xc, broth, pottage; Wei.

bresych, Lat. brassica.
a wave.

p;ted,b, a bounce ; bo

p/ie<xb <x^", he was roused up.

p/ie<xbab, a stamping or kicking;
also palpitation, panting.

P/ieab<x;m, to kick, spurn, &c., to
stamp ; bu<x;l leb la;m ajur
p/ie<xb leb cojf, smite with thine
hand, and stamp with thy foot.
-Ezek. 6. II.

p/ie<xba;/ie, a hearty brave man.

P/ie<xbcx;;ie<xct, acting bravely or
gallantly.

pfie<xbcin, a leather clout, a patch,
or piece of cloth, &c.

P/te<\ban, a court.

P;tea.bo£, a wenching jade.

P/ie<xc, hold ! stand ! stay ! an in-
terjection.

P/ie<xcan, a crow, any bird of the
crow or kite kind ; as, p^edcan
n<x ccea/tc, a ringtail ; pfieaccm
ce;/tteac,akite ; pftedcan cna;-
mj jeac, a raven ; p/tecxcan jnj-
neac, a vulture; p/\e<xcan ce<xn-
ran, an osprey : written also
300

p n

p/i;ac<xn; it is metaphorically
said of any noisy, nonsensical
person.

P/teaco;ne, a crier ; Lat. preeco.

p/te<xla;b, a prelate of the church,
a bishop.

p/t;ac<x;l, danger ; <x bp^;<xc<i;l
mop, in great danger ; p/ijacojl
Ba;^-, the danger of death ; Lat.
periculum.

p/i}ce<xb, a pricking.

P/t;m and p/t;om, chief, great,
prime; Lat. primus. In com-
pound words it is nearly of the
same meaning with the Greek

as, ppi)om-<xt<jjfi, a Patri-
arch ; pft;om-cea,r)<ty~, a primacy,
or first sway.

P/tJoroab, a primate. A

p/t;me<x/ic<x;l, the main beam.

p/t;m-jlea^, a beginning or foun-
dation.

p/i]m;b;l, a firstling; p;t;mjb;l bo
to/ito. <xbu;b, the first of thy ripe
fruits.

P/t;ml;o^, a principal fortress, or
chief royal seat.

p/ijobajb, secrecy; <j, bp/tjobajb,
in private.

p/i;obajbeac, private.

P/i;oca, a sting fixed to the end of
a goad to drive cattle with.

p/t;oca;m, to prick or sting.

P/tJomba, wisdom.

p/i;om-b/tao;, a?i arch-druid.

p/i;om-pa;b, an ancient prophet.

p/i;oml<xoc, a prime soldier.

p/i;om-lOfl£pO/it:, a royal seat.

P/t;om-/*eol, the main sail.

P/iJom-cu^*, a foundation, the first
beginning.

pb;om-uacba/tan,the first superior
of a house or society.

P/i;om-uacb<x/tcinac, a chief ruler.

^jtjom-ucxcba./tano.ct;, chief sway
or superiority.

a prince.

p u

>t;onto;/i, a printer.

Prior-
a prison.
P/tJopinacb, imprisonment.
Pft;otcab, a preaching.
Pft;orca;m, to preach or exhort ;

Lat. prcedico.
P/t;orceac and p;t;tceato;;t, a

preacher.

p/toanta;n, provender.
p/tobal, a consul.
P'tocaboj/t, a proctor.
p;tojajn, rather p;uxja;n, care,

anxiety.

pfto;;-beal, a bottle.
p/iO;mpeallan, a drone, a beetle.
P;to;nn, rather p/ta;nb, a dinner,
a meal's meat ; also voracious-
ness; njp jojb pfiopn Luja;b,
non minuit edacitatem Lugadii ;
;a;t catam mo p/to;nne, after
taking my meal ; Lat. pran-
dinm.
P/to;nnju gab, to dine, to make a

meal.
p/to;nn-ljOj-, a refectory, or dining

room.

P/to;nn-teac, idem. — Vid.Chron.
Scot.

t, prostrate ; /to baba/t
na b/tao;te aju^ anajgtre jro
la/t aj p/io;^t^e<xc, Wf <xj
/•leactap bo mac Oe, the
Druids lay flat on their faces,
prostrate, and bowing themselves
down to the Son of God. —
L.B.
• p;tOroa.b, a proof.
p^o^-b<x, strong, able.
/Uiclajr-, a den; bo IJQn ft <x
uamo. le c/iejc, <XTU^-<X pnucl<x;r
le jruabac, he hath filled his
holes with prey, and his dens
with ravin. — *\*ah. 2. 12.

j, public.

CW, a pouch.

t. powder.

361

p u

, powdered.

, hurt, harm : ;to le;c faj-
;<X; j <xn tr<x;^b, aju^ n;
paba/t /tj^" <xn tanb, he
flung a dart after the bull, which
did not hurt him. — Old Parch-
ment.

, suppuration.
50 pujbljje, publicly.
pu;bl;j;m, to publish, or pro-
claim.

pujfal;ocan<ic, a publican.
PU;C, the plur. of poc, buck-goats.
pu;c;n, a veil or cover over the
eyes; also imposing on a man
by fraud or artifice; pujcjnjje
bub<x, idem.
Pu;lp;b, a pulpit.

, gold-foil ; a thin leaf,
or plate of gold or silver; a
spangle.

, crested, tufted.
pu;/ttrjn, a small fort, or turret.

, to beat or whip.
, the dirninut. of pu^-, a lip.
pujt;t;c, a bottle; diminut. puj-

t/t;cjn ; Lat. liter.
pulloj, the fish called pollock.
PUHC, a point, an article ; <xon
punc, one whit, one jot, one
tittle.

punnan,asheafof corn, or a bundle
of hay or straw; <xg ceanjal
punnan, binding sheaves; gen.
punajnne; punon fe;/t, a bun-
dle of hay.

pupal, or pobal, the people.
Dupal, and gen. pujple, or pu;ble,
a pavilion, or general's tent ; jo
pupal an 71; j, to the king's pa-
vilion; bo pjoct mac Lu^a;b
jfjn pupajl, Luig's son arrived
at the tent ; Lat. papilio.
PU;I, neat, pure ; Lat. purus; also \
the extract or quintescence of a
thin.

and
2z

p u

purgatory.
putt;i<xtt, a lock of hair ; <xb co-

bu-

ba, I beheld three black-haired
persons.

a lip; ay ufu;b me<xbl<xco,

p

u

out of feigned lips ; te no. bpu-
, with their lips.
a cat. X
, a hare.
, a pudding ; gen. puto;ge.

REMARKS ON THE LETTER

THE letter 17, which is the fourteenth of the Irish alphabet, is not sus-
ceptible of many remarks. It is called T?u;^ by our grammarians, from
the old Irish name of the tree, which in the vulgar Irish is called t/ioim,
the elder-tree, Lat. sambucus, Gr. OKTTJ. This letter is one of the three
consonants called con^o;ne<xb<x eabt;-iom<x, which do not admit of the
aspirate 7). In the remarks on the two others, which are I and n, it hath
been observed, that in words or nouns substantive beginning with either
of them, and referred to things or persons of the feminine gender, or to
any things or persons in the plural number, those initials are pronounced
double, though written singly. Thus, <x l<xct, her or their milk, is
pronounced as if written <x tlact, or like the words llamar and
lleno in Spanish ; and <x nea/itr, her or their strength, is pronounced
as if written <x nned-ftt, or like the ng in the trench word Seig-
neur. Thus also in substantives beginning with ft, and referred to things
or persons either of the feminine gender or of the plural number, the
initial p is pronounced double, and with a strong utterance, as <x fteuroa,
her or their rheum or phlegm, is pronounced as ii written <v ftfieuma, and
very nearly as the aspirated p in the Greek word ptujiia. Another essen-
tial remark to be made on these three letters, t, n, /t, and which hath not
as yet been made, is, that when they are initials of adjectives they are ne-
ver pronounced double, of whatever gender or number the things or per-
sons those adjectives are referred to, should happen to be. Lastly, it is
to be remarked, that I, n, ;t, are the only consonants of the Irish language
which are written double, and this duplication frequently happens both in
the middle and end of words, but never in the beginning, though they
are pronounced double when initials in the cases above explained.

r?

72cv, going, or moving.

7?ab<xc, fruitful, plentiful.

7?<x5<xb, to be; ;i<\b<xb<vi/i, ye were ;

7i<xb<!UYKx;/-(, we were; fiababa/t,

they were.

7?flcab, a precedent, example, or
362

warnng ; ex. nwj/ig bo e)/i jt<:
bub ba ccni<x^<x;n, woe to him
that stands a warning to others ;
bo tUT fe fi<xb<xb bo, he fore-
warned him. This word is pro-
nounced /tojab, and is com-

n

n

monly written so.
)?ac, a king or prince.
l?ac, a bag or pouch.
ftaca, a rake.
]?acam, to rake.
77acam, to rehearse or repeat ; ex.

/tacjrab jreoyba ban le £);a, I

will henceforth repeat an hymn

to God; hence /tacaj/te, the

poet's rehearser ; also a ro-

mancer.
7?Acajfie, a romancer or rehearser;

a talkative lying person.
t?aca;/teact, repetition; also ro-

mance.
J?acab, to go ; /taca rojfj, I will

go; ua;/t /tactty" fe, when he

shall go ; /tacajb 7~;ab a^ c/tut,

they shall fade ; /tacuj- ye a n;-

Ocba/t, it shall sink.
l?acba;ro, to arrive at, to come to ;

<x/t ;tacbu;n bo;b bo lataj/t an

/t; j, being arrived before the

king.

ftacoll, a winding-sheet.
7?act, or ab /tact, he arose, or got

up.
7?act, a fit; /tact jola, a fit of

crying; /tact 5&;/te, a fit of

laughing.
A f?act, or /teact, a law or ordi-

nance ; Lat. rectum.
??acta;;te, a lawgiver, a judge ;

also a dairyman.
J?act;i7)A;t, gjving laws, or legisla-

tive; pejbtjm /lactrma^, Feilim

the law-maker.
T?aba;m, to give up, to deliver;

Lat. trado.

?7<ib<j^eat, wandering, strolling.
??ab. a saying ; pub na ^eo.n, the

saying or report of the ancients ;

also a decision or award ; pcvj-

bam e cum /tab Cogajn, let us

leave it to the determination of

Owen.

, to say, or relate.

sight, view; <x ;taba/tc,

their prospect ; <xb ;«3Lba/tc, in
363

thy sight; a
in open view.

7?abmu;ll;m, to dream.

I2ae, a field, or plain.

J?cie, much, plenty.

J?ae, a battle.

r?ae, a salmon.

J?d.e ja, potius pio ja, choice.

J7oij:jran, cnoc ?2apf an, a beautiful
hill near the river Suire, the
centre of the primitive estate of
the O'Sullivans, descended from
Finin, elder brother of Failbhe-
Flann, ancestor of the Mac
Cartys.
, a wrinkle.

roeacan ^aja;m, or jto;-
be, sneeze-wort.

J7aja;tr, i. e. ftanjaba/i, they
reached.

??a;, motion.

J?aj, or ab jia;, he arose.

T?a;b, rape ; fjol /tajbe, rape-seed.

)7a;be, meacan fta;be, a turnip.

J?a;b, was. This word is com- .
pounded of fto for bo, and b;,
was, and is never used in affirm-
ing, but in asking or denying, as,
<xn fta;b ? was there ? n; ;ta;b,
there was not; but bo ^a;b,
would be improper; its persons
are ftabay, i. e. ^o baba^, I was;
/tab a;/-, i. e. /to bcvbajy, fiajb, or
/ta;be, i. e. /to bab, or /to bj, he
was ; /tabamaj/t, i. e. /to baba-
maj/t, we were ; /tababa;/t, i. e.
/to baba;/t, ye were ; /tababa/t,
i. e. /to-baba/t, they were.

J7a;cneac, a queen.

l?a;b;m, to say, to relate ; bo /tojb
e, he said ; <xj /tab, saying.

, romance, silly stories, a
dream; trea/t /tajme;^e, a ra-
domantade.

, fabulous, gasconad-

n.

a saying, or report ;
/tojbteaca/- na pre\xn,the saying
of the ancient.

, a contest, or a trial of
skill for mastery; also a deci-
sion; pxjbam cum <x ft<xjbte<x-
c<xy e, let us leave it to his de-
cision.

, a comma in writing.
7?<x;bfie<xc, a prayer or request.
-^•ftcxjbjy, a radish root.

77<v;p:;ne, a laughing or laughter.
. 7?<x; j, elliptically corrupted from
V<xj£, or rather h/tajc, an arm ;
#zW. b/t<v;c, or b/i<xc, and com-

7?<x;j6e;/it and ftajj-ejbecxb, a
sleeve, wrist-band ; also a brace-
let.

a ray.

eoj/t, a boor, a countryman.
jme;y, a cubit long.

the genit. of /te;l;j, a
churchyard ; ctcvjbe <x ctjmp-
c;otl no. /-iodize, a wall round
the churchyard.
17o.)mbeu./~ and ;t<x;m/te, fatness, a

being fat.

7?a;n;c, to reach; n; juvjnjc ye
guy <xn tt/vju/iyo, he attained
not to these three.

to abrogate, to abo-
lish.

or ;i;r>n, the point of a
sword or spear.
l?<x;nnepbe, ranges, ranks.
TZ&jnnjn, a versicle, or short verse.
T?a;ny5^;oy<x;m, to abolish.
7?a;tedn, pleasure.
l?a;t, he went.

7?a;c, or bo ;t<x;c, an account of,
for the sake of.

or ;tac, the same as ;ta;c-
neac, fern, or brake.
t, entreaty, intercession.

or bo ^<x;tne, it sinned ;
ex. to jiojtne <xn j/^)<xn, the sun
shined.

7?<xjtfle<xc, fern.

?7<xl<x;m, to happen; also to commit,
to make ; TO ;i<xl/*<tt; ^i/t mo/t
I5, mat the Danes
3G4

made great havoc on the Nor-
wegians ; vid. Chron. Scot. ; bo
j-i&la t;o/imac noo/i, a great heat
happened.

an oar; Gr. jou/xoc, and
Lat. remus and ramus, a branch
of a tree, such as an oar is.

I7am<xb, a way, or road.

I7amoibo;/-i, /icim<xjbe, and ;icnri<x;/ie,
a rower ; Wei. rhuyvur, and
Cor. reyadar.

l7am<xjUeab, a raving in a sickness.

7?aiTKx;m, to row, or ply with oars.

l?<xm<x/t, fat, gross, thick.

7?<xm-b;i<x; jean, buck-thorn.

7?ar>, or ;i<xnn, a piece, crumb, or
morsel.

7?an and ;i<xnn, the truth, veracity.

7?an, plain, manifest.

I7an, nimble, active.

)?an, noble, generous.

??ana;je, a romancer, or story-
teller.

I7o.n<x;m, to make manifest.

7?anc, a rank, or order. ,A;

1?anc<x, a step; /t<xnc<x b/te;m;/xe,
the steps of a ladder.

]?(Xnbona;Tjm, to abrogate, to abo-
lish.

and /tangan, tlie bank of a
rver.

, and /KXnjcvn, a wrinkle.
ac, wrinkled.

, a metre or verse; also an J
epigram.

7?anr>, a part, piece, or division ;
ex. ;x<xnnCL cxn boma;n, the parts
of the world.

7?<xnnab, to begin or commence.

)7anna;m, to divide, to separate, to
share.

I7<xnntua/tco/ttac, fertile, fruitful.

7?ar>pa;/tt;eac or ;ianpa;/iteam<x;l,
partaking of.

l?<xob, or ;\eb, a thing.

7?<xo;meab, depredation or plun-
der; cat /laojmeab, a complete
victory ; jvjamtx, idem.

, a way, a road, a haunt; bo

7? rf

t <xn jiaon bj^eac, they
took the straight way ; ^aon na
j-tjab <\f jnb'jretm bo, the range
of the mountains is his pasture.

??aona, breaking or tearing.

)?<xonam, to turn or change.

any creature that digs or
roots up the eartli for its food,
as hogs, badgers, &c.
a shrub.

c, full of branches, overgrown
with shrubs.

ftfy-ajbe, a rambler, one that will
not remain long in a place ; said
mostly of lewd women.

7?apvjb;b, a blotch, a boil.

7?<ty"U.n, an underwood, or brush-
wood ; a place full of shrubs.

??a^c/tann, a shrub-tree.

??<fy-c;t<xb, to part.

7?apT)<x;be, a shrub.

?? abroad, a sea-calf.

77<x^rac, a churl.

7?at, motion.

t, prosperity, increase.
a surety.
fern.

]?<xt, wages.

7?at, a fortress, a garrison; also a
village; also an artificial mount
or barrow ; fijo j-/i<xt, a prince's
seat ; ??ac is the name of Char-
leville in the County of Cork.

T?<urcu;/ic, Cashel, so called from
Co>tc, son of Lujg, king of
Minister.

a quarter of a year, or three
months. X. B. This word car-
ries all the appearance of being
corrupted and changed from its
true radical formation, in the
same manner that the word bt;<x-
bajn,a year, hath been corrupted
from bel-<xjnn, i. e. the circle of
bet, or belu^, or of the sun ; Lat
annus. — Vid. Remarks on the
letter <(.. I am therefore in-
clined to think that this word
is only a corrupt writing of
365

the Iberno-Celtic word <tytcoi or
<x/ic, an arch, Lat. arcus ; be-
cause in the space of three ca-
lendar months the sun runs over
an arch which makes the fourth
part of the entire solar circle.
We find an affinity between the
Irish appellatives of all other
parts of time, and the Latin or
the Greek, or some other an-
cient language. Thus b;a or be,
the Irish for day, has a very near
affinity with the Latin dies; and
l<x or to, plur. l<vjon<x, another
Irish word signifying the day,
has a plain affinity with \iov in
the Greek compound ysvtO-\iov,
natalis dies, as hath been ob-
served at the word l<x, sup. ; to
which I shall add here, that the
same word la or to bears also an
analog}' with the Latin lux,
which originally might have been
lox, possibly changed into lux
by the Umbrians, who were
mixed with the Aborigines, and
seldom or never used the letter
v, but substituted u in the place
of it. — fid. Remarks on the let-
ter 0. Thus also re<xct-iT)<xJn,
the only Irish word for a iceek,
has a sti iking affinity with the
Lat. septimana, or septem mane ;
and the word <x;nn, in the com-
pound bel-a;nn, signifying the
circle of Belus, is the Celtic
root or architype on which the
Latin word annus hath been
formed. It follows then, that by
the rule of analogy the word
;tatxx should, in its proper wri-
ting, find an affinity in the Latin
or Oreek ; which I do not see
how it could, without regarding
it as a corruption of the Irish
word d.ftc<x, an arch; Lat. ar-

cus.

, runnng, racng ;
cum /uxta, let us betake our-

r? e

selves to flight ; Chald. Km, cu-
currit.

tac, a hough ; jiataca ma;/it,
the houghs of a beef.

7?ataba/i, they ran.

??atam, to make_ prosperous or
happy; jiatajb bam, prosper
thou me.

ftatamna^-, or /latamnaca/-, hap-
piness.

f?ACTOttft, prosperous, happy.

l?e, the moon ; ;ie nuab, the new
moon.

7?e, with; ;ie jiun c/iojbe, with
purpose of heart, i. e. with secret
pleasure ; fie /ia;btea/i, who is
called ?

12e, at, also to, by, also of; ;ie mo
/•ala;B, at my heels ; la;m /ie,
jie taojb, /ie co;^-, at hand, by
the side, close by ; /ie cojf , to-
gether ; ma/i a be;/i;b b/ion £ /ie
7~eanca/-, as some of the anti-
quaries say. LQ is now com-
monly used for this ;ie or /i;a.

]?e, time ; le'm ;ie, i. e. le-mo ;ie,
in my time; jrea/t co;m/ie, or
cojm ;iet<xc, a cotemporary.

T?e, or vxb ;ie, he arose.

fteabam, to tear ; <xj ;teab<xb, tear-
ing ; bo /ie<xt>aba/i, they tore.

I7eab, a wile or craft, a trick.

??eabac, subtle, or crafty.

fteablanjab; a skipping or leap-
ing ; bo jteaHcxngaba/1, they
leaped.

, a skipping, playing, or
sporting.

, (le<xm,) sell thou unto me ;
If ej^-jon bo fieac, it was he
that sold; fieacjru;jea/t e, he
shall be sold. This word is ra-
ther ;ie;c.

77c<nc<xbo;/i, a seller.

7?e<ic<xin, to sell.

J7e<xcb, a law, or statute, an ordi-
nance ; Lat. rectum.

7?e<xcb<x;/te, a judge, a lawgiver.

??eacb<x;fie, a dairyman.
366

J2eac'bajftro, a court of judicature.
7?eac'ba;/igne<xb, a decree.
J?eacbmcicoi;/t, a mother-in-law.
)?eacb-^ao;/i^e(Xc, licensed, au-

thorized.
7?eacj:<xb, I will go ; nj /teacpab

<Xfi m<xj<x;b, I will not proceed

further.
7?eactr, a man.
J?ecxct;, or /t;<xctr, he came.
fteact;, a just law ; Lat. rectum.
React;, power, authority.
??eacta;/ie, a lawgiver, a king, a

judge.

and pi;act:aro, to arrive.

, a son-in-law.
a pipe, a reed. ^
/7eabco/ib, the reins of a bridle.
Reabj, rage, fury.
Reabj, a mad bull or ox.
??eabtab;iacb, eloquence.
Reab^jaojleab, a flux or lax.
Reaj, night.
Reaj-balt, purblind.
]?eajl5/-iac, resounding.
l?ea;ctje, justice.
??ea;t:, a ram.
l?ea;t;/7, a diminut. of
)7eall and ftealt, a star.
/?ealtan, an astrolabe.

7?ealt;5u;bean, a constellation.

7?ealtcu;/it:, the star-chamber,
/ie, an astronomer.
, a small star, an asterisk.
:, an astrologer, or sooth-
sayer.

7?eama;/7, a beginning.

r?eama;/ie, a traveller, or way-
faring man. .'-x^r-*****-*^*-

f?eama;n, foretelling, or prognosti-
cation.

??eamajn, pleasure, delight.

r?eama/i, thick, fat, gross ; eabac
/ieamcx/i, thick or coarse cloth ;
65 /teama/t, a fat cow.

J2eam-c/to;ceann, the foreskin, or

,

7?eam-lor>, a viaticum, or proviso;:

r? e

r? e

for a journey.

, to make a provision

for a journey.

T2e<xmoj:eab, a rheumatism.
T2eam/i<x;j;m, to fatten, to make

fat, &c. ; bo fieam/ux; 5 f e, he

became fat.
T2eamfiujab, grossness, fatness, a

growing fat.

T2eanj<v, the reins of the back.
1?eanna, stars.
T2eanncx;;ie, an astrologer.
T2e<xnnan, a star.
1?ea/t, provision ; jie<x/i ^<xj<xn, a

small provision.

T2etyia.cc, a rising, or rearing up.
1?ea;t<i;b, a senior, or elder.
T2ea/ie;bjro, to go, to proceed ;

7te<Vrtb<j.b<x/t, tliey went.
i, to plead or allege.
c, prattling, talkative.
, reasonable.
preservation.
1?ea/~t/t<vjm, to bring back, or re-

store.

reason.

T?e<xt:, with thee, i. e. fte tu.
T2eo.t<xy, enmity, hatred.
T2eor<x, running, racing ;

fte<xt<x, running water.
17eac<x;m, to run; bo (ne<xt<xb<x^,

they ran, &c.
fteorajfte, or pe<xto;/te, a clergy-

man, a clerk.

T?ec, a thing done in haste.
T7ecea^n<xjm, to recreate or divert,

to please or delight.
T2ecne, sudden.
-fteb, to thy, with thy ; ^teb beaji-

b*tc.t<3.^, with thy brother.
1?ebe<xlb<x;in, to reform.
T2ebe, the fauns, or the gods of the

woods.

1?eb}5l, to be sold.
ftebftejm and ^teb^e;m^e<xcb, a

climate.

T2e j, a cross or gallows ; bo be<x-
nap. e bo cum <x ^te je, he was
brought to the gallows.
397

1?e;b, with you, i. e. /te jb. -

T2e;6bce<xbac, licensed, autho-
rized.

T2ejcjtn, to sell, to vend; pie;c <xju^
ceo.nr)C.c,- buying and selling ;
also to sum up, to reckon or
number ; also to tell, relate, di-
vulge; na ^e;c b/ieag fte b;te;-
ce<xiT) ce/ttr; and, j:e<X;t na ^e;-
ceab /tuna ca;c, i. e. tell no lie
to a just judge ; and, a man who
would not divulge the secrets of
others.

1?e;b, i. e. /ttie, a plain, a level
piece of ground ; <v/t j<x;/tt t<xjte
^n^J5e coe^ca fop meobon
^e;be, custodiebat Die pliii-ice
oves in media planitie. — Bro-
gan; yn<x m<xc<x;^;b ^ejbe, in
the plain fields.

T?e;b, jtejj, ready, prepared; bo -
;t;nne fe <x c<x^b<xb ;ie;b, he
prepared his chariot; bo ;tjn-
neaba/t r<x c;obla;cte 7ie;b,
they made ready the presents ;
<x tajm ^e;b cum bey b'jraja;!
<x^t ^on mo Cb;a/in<x, I am ready
to suffer death for the sake of
my Lord.

T2eJbj a rope, or wythe.

T2ejbe<xcb, ready sen-ice, officious-
ness.

T?ejbe<xb, assent, agreement.

T2e;b;ie, an agreement. — Matt.
20. 2.

T2e;b;m, to prepare or provide ; to -V
make ready; also to bargain or
agree.

1?ejbre<xc and pe; jteac, a plain
or level.

T2ejbte3.c, union, harmony, pro-
pitiation ; also a covenant.

T2ej j, fid. ;ie;b, plain, ope.i.

T2e;|bjm, to judge; bo per
pejn, they judged themselves.

T2e;gle<xn, a plain for amusement
or diversion ; ;te;|le<xn <xn jtjng-
ce, the dancing nng.

a church, or shrine:

ft e

ft e

hence the word ;ie;t;j, a church-
yard, may be deduced.
l?e;l, a star.
TCe;l, clear, or manifest.
l?e;t, lawful, rightful ; ft; j ;te;l, a
rightful king; 50 /te;l, truly,
verily.

ftejleaj, a church, a churchyard ;
Lat. religio.

T2e;l;j n<x ft;oj, a famous burying-
place near C;tu<s.can, in Con-
naught, where the kings of Con-
naught were usually interred be-
fore the establishment of the
Christian religion in Ireland.

1?e;lt;o, an asterisk.

)2e;m, power and authority, or
great sway derived from military
actions; as, c<x;t-/ie;m, sway or
victory in fight, is like the Greek
word pcjua, i. e. great feats, or
military exploits. This Irish
word /iejm also signifies a series;
as, /tejro 71; 05/1 a, the series of
regal succession.

T2e;m, a way.

T2e;m, a calling out.

He; no, a troop or band.

T2e;me<MT)OLjt, bearing great sway or
authority.

fte;m-b/i;<xt<!i^, an adverb.

T2ejm-c;n;m, to assign or appoint;
bo ;te;m-c;n f&, he predestined.

T2ejmeac, proud, arrogant.

T2e;me<xmcvjl, of or belonging to
the high ways.

1?e;mecy, time ; pi. jie;m^e ; pie;-
me<xf /i; j, a reign.

T7e;m-je<xlla;m, to pre-engage, to
promise; noc bo ;tejm-gealt/"e,
which he promised.

T2e;mn; j;m, to go, to walk.

12e;m/"e, a club, or staff.

T2e;/i, will, desire, or pleasure;
bom ftej/i, at my discretion ;
fie;jn <xn ;t;£, the bidding or
pleasure of the king, his com-
mands.

1?e;;t, bo 7-iejft <x <icpu;nne? accord-
368

ing to his ability.

l?ej/i, <x jte;/t, last night. Here
the initial /t is pronounced dou-
ble.

, a span, i. e. about nine
inches long.

e;^jjoba/t, a harlot, or prosti-
tute.

, sooner than, before that ;
tu me j:o c/-t; <xnocc,
<xn co^le<xc, be-
fore the cock shall crow, thou
wilt deny me three times this
night.— L. B.

, a rehearser, or romancer.
, congealed; jo ;ie;/*;OC
<x;mne, so that rivers were con-
gealed. — Fid. Chron. Scot. an.
699.

17e;^-me;/tb/ie(Xc, a harlot.
1?e;teac, harmony, reconciliation ;
c, reconciling ; vid.

t?e;tec, a plain.
l?e;fe, a ram ; gen.

^iaobt<x, a battering ram.
l?ejte<xb, ramed ; <x nua;/i bo ;ie;-

teab nd cao;jte, when the sheep

conceived.

12ejt/i;ce5;;i, a rhetorician.
T2em, with my, to my ; /iem jlo/i,

with my voice.
t?errm;n, pleasure.
1?empe<xc<x;m, to foresee.
T7eo, frost ; Ar. reo, Wei. and Cor.

t?eoleac, ice.

T?eoleac<x;m, to freeze, to congeal,

&c.
T2eom<xm, before me; cu;fi;m /teo-

m<xm, I propose, or design.
t?eon, a span; the space from the

top of the thumb to that of the

middle finger.
T2e/i, with our, i. e. ;te &/t ; bo cu-

<xlo.m<x;/i jte/i cctuapvjb, we

heard with our ears.
T2e/i, unto him that, i. e. jie e <x/i ;

ex. j\ej\ ;ieac ye ;ab, i. e. ;te e

a/t /teac fe Jab, to whom he
sold them.

T7e^-cea/tc, a heath-poult, or
grouse.

??e-f ealabac, by turns, alternate.

fteubam, to tear.

7?eulab, a declaration.

?2eulr,a star ; ;ieulran, stars ; lucb
j:e;cme na /teultran, star-gazers.

17euma, phlegm, or any fluid hu-
mour flowing from the mouth or
nose; is like the Greek word
ntvpa in letters, sound, and
meaning.

7?eumamajl, phlegmatic.

7?euro-a;tn; j;m, to foreknow ; noc
bo rteurr)-a;r;n fe, whom he
foreknew.

l?eum-c/to;ceann, the prepuce ;
peojl buft jteuro-c/to^cjnn, euro
prceputii.

)7eum^a;b;m, to foretel; also to
publish or proclaim.

1?eu^unta, reasonable.

1?;, or ^;j, a king or sovereign
prince.

T7;a, running, speed ; also chastise-
ment, correction.

t?ja, the same as ;ie, quod vid.

T?ja, before, in comparison of.

T2;a, or bo /t;a, he will come.

7?;abac, whitish, greyish, sky-co-
loured; e;c ;t;abaca agu^bon-
na, grizzled and bay horses.

t?jabaT, a lark, ^vc - fa^-t^*^-

T?;ac, he came.

1?;acbanac, needy, necessitous ;
also necessary, needful.

Hjacbana^', want, distress, neces-
sity; t/ie ;t;acbanu^, for po-
verty or want.

f?;ab, a running, or racing.

7?jab, correction; also taming or
subduing.

17;ablan, a bridewell, or house of
correction.

T2;ac, a cross, a gallows.

17;ajab, hanging; bo ^ja^ab an
the chieftain was
369

hanged.

jajm, to hang, or crucify, to
gibbet.
J?;a j<xt, a rule ; also government ;

Lat. regula.

17;<i5<xlt6;;t, a ruler, or director.
j<xlu jab, a ruling or directing.
, a hangman or rogue,
devout, regular, reli-

gious.
?7ja jalu; j;m, to rule.

jlajjce, ruled, directed.

ji, a ruler or go-
vernor

cat-jijama, a complete
victory.

and a ;ijam, at any time,
ever, always ; a tatao; /tjam a
na jajb, ye are always opposing
him.
T7;am, before ; an la /tjam, the day

before.

r?;arr)ac, rid. ^jabac.
17;an, the road or way, a path;
also a footstep ; ft;an na fjnfeap,
the footsteps of the ancients.
T2jan, a span.
72]an, the sea.

tuajt, the country of
the Picts!

MUJ je, a wanderer, a traveller.
J?;ajiab, a pleasing or satisfying, a

distributing.

l?;a;ta;be, or fea/t ;t)a/\a, an eco-
nome, or dispenser of eating or
drinking; also any regulator of
affairs.

i, to please or satisfy ; jajt-
f u;b a clann na bo;cb bo ^;<x^,
his children shall seek to please
the poor, to satiate the appetite.
., content ; also served.
a moor, fen, or marsh ;

cojlle jf PJ&rZ^> *ae
advantage of a wood and bog.
T7;be, /tjbeog and ^;b;n, a whisker,
a single hair, a mustache ; ji;be
gKuajge, a single hair.
T7;ceab, a kingdom.
3 A

r?

, a flame.
T2jb;;te, a knight ; Lat. eques ; f\j-
be(X/t<x;t-be<x/tt<\c, an armour-
bearer, an esquire, or attendant.
This word was introduced into
the Irish upon the coming of the
first English adventurers into
Ireland, but our language had in
it the original of this Anlo-
Saxon word, which is
quod vid.
, i. e. jrajji&reojji, a spy.

» or N.' a MB'* Plur-

Wel. rhi, Cor. rw?/, Arm. rue,

Gall, roz, and Lat. rex.
, the arm from the elbow to

the wrist ; mo ;i; j, my arm ;

;b;/t <x fij jjb, between his arms.
-cj^te, the royal fiscus, or trea-

sury.

17; je, a kingdom.
T7; je, reproof.
7?;£-j:ejnr>jb, a general, a general-

issimo.

<x lea^, is a particular form
of expression in the Irish lan-
guage, very often used to signify
a person's consent or approbation
of a thing.

-V- 77; j;m, to reach or stretch ; also to
consent ; noa c; tu jabu; je, <xn

thief, wilt thou consent with him.
, drowsy, sluggish ; also stiff'
or tenacious ; slow, dilatory, lin-
gering.

72; j;ne<xc'u/-, delay.
7?; j-rojonn, a diadem.
??; jne<xct, a gift, a favour, or pre-
sent.

, or jvj jnjo/-, delay ;_ ^; j-
Uxbcx/ita, an impediment
of speech.
77Jrn;j)m, to make stiff; also to
delay ; bo ;i;^n; j ^-e <x mu;neul,,
he stiffened his neck.
f?;ite<xcb, an envoy, or ambassa-
dor.

jt; j;m, to be wanting.
370

??Jn) or /i;0m, number ; Wel. rhiv.

7?;iT);<xb, pride.

7?;m;m, to reckon, to number.

7?;nce<ib, dancing, or a dance.

7?;nceoj;i, a dancer.

7?;nc;m, to dance; bo ;t;nceaba/i
<xn ytu<xj, the army danced
round.

7?jncne or /tjngne, a lance or spear.

1?;n-pre;tjOro and ;i;n-nxxcn<xm, con-
templation.

ftjflgeab, hanging.

T?jn-;z;ejbjonn<x and /vjn-gejir)ljOc<x,
chains.

^ torn, parted.

•, the scanning of a verse,
the point of a spear or
sword, &c. ; the picked or sharp //
end of any thing ; also a penin-
sula or neck of land jetting into
the sea, a promontory or fore-
land; in the Welsh rhin is a
nose ; hence pen rhin is a pro- "
montory ; Gr. ptv, a nose.

T2jnn mu;nt;j;i-ba);ie, a foreland
and territory of Carbury in the
County of Cork, which anciently
belonged to the O'Baires, an an-
cient tribe of the Lugadian race.
It would take up more than a
whole sheet to mention all the
neck-lands of Ireland whose '
names begin with this word /i;nn.

7?;nn, music, melody.

7?;nn, a foot ; plur. ;i;nne, feet.

7?;nn, the stars.

7?;nne, unto us, with us ; bo tab<x;/t
f& pijnne, he spoke to us.

T2jnne, the perfect tense of the
verb beandjm, which hath no
perterperfect tense of its own,
but borrows it ; hence bo ;i;nne
ye nxxjc, he hath done good,
&c.

7?;nne, the understanding.

T2;nneac, sharp-pointed ; px; jeab
;t;nne<xc, a sharp arrow.

7?;nnj:e<xc<xm, to design or intend ;
to forecast.

r?

0

]?;nnjro, tlie heavenly constella-

tions.

7?;nn/ie;m, a constellation.
7?;oba/i, a sieve ; /t;obafi media, a

honeycomb; Lat. cribrum.
l?;oblac, a rival.
J?;o5ojb, a spendthrift.
T?;obo;beacb, prodigality.
7?;obojb;m, to riot or revel.
TTjocb, or ^ucb, the shape or like-
ness ; a ftjOcb maj;tb, as dead ;
ba mbe;nn ab /t^ocb, if I was in
your stead or place.
ftjocuajb, a plague, contagion, or

pestilence.
J?;ob, a ray.
J?;obnact,"a gift.
ftjoj, or Baking.
i?;oj<x and ;tjojama;l, kingly,

princely.
I?;o jacb, a kingdom.

lj royal, princely.
, a queen; Lat. regina;
alias ft; j-bean.
T7;o j-colb, a sceptre.
TCjo j-cOfto;n, a crown.
ftjo jbacb, a kingdom.
;o j-bac, a palace or court.

l, a royal convocation.
na, a king in fieri, or
future king ; a prince designed,
or fit to be king.
7?Joj-laoc, a prince; also a re-

spectable old man.
T2;oj-lann, a palace, or king's

court.

72joj-n<xt:a),n, a cockatrice.
J?;oj-pupajt, or jtjoj-pabajlleun,

jand pjoj-bot, a king's tent.
RjOj-jfl<xt, a sceptre.
T?jom, with me, i. e. ^te me.
ftjom, a reckoning or counting;

also a number.
ftjomajm, to reckon, to number, or

count.

"f?Jom<x;/ie<xct, arithmetic.
7?;oroa;ft;m, to reckon or number.
7?;on, rather ^;an, a way or road.
J?j0fl<v;be, an engraver.
371

]?;onajbe<Xf, sculpture.
T2jona; j;m, to carve or engrave.
??;on jac, a strong fellow.
)?;onnab, redness.
?7j0^a)t^;^, mimicking.
J?;0£<xlaj jeab, mimicking.
?7;ot:, running, racing.
l?jocab and /tjocajm, or

to i-un, to race.
Tt)0tf&, with thee ; mo;be

na njuf<\n, rather with thee tlian
with them.
T?Jfte<xb, bo ;t;/ie<xb, seriously, ve-
rily, in good earnest.

, unto, to ; j\jf <xn tfajimce&t-
la;b, with the Psalmist; also
unto him, with him, at him, &c.,
i. e. ;te fe.
, a king. >
, intelligence, knowledge.

, a gain, a second time.
a romancer.

c, a brave soldier, or
warror ; ex. tu^ jlejc na mjlj^
/ijj-jjneac, he tought the battle
ot a warlike soldier.

or /t^ean, with him, along
with him.
?7;c, a course, a flight; ld;rh ;te
ftt na nu;/^eab, by the water-
courses.
J?;r, an arm.
l?;ceab, a running.
?7;cjm, to run ; bo ^tjc fe, he ran ;

^)C;b, they run.

ftjclea/tj, a kind of extempore
verses or expressions suddenly
put together in a poetic dress or
manner.

ftju, unto them, with them.
J7;une, with us.

726, much, too much, very ; /to
luac, very soon; ;to ma;c, ex-
ceeding good; ]\o onojfteac, very
honourable. It is a sign of the
superlative degree.
T76, first, before. — PL
175, the same as bo, wliich has no
English, and is a sign of the

77 0

T? 0

pret. tense ; as /to /ta;b, he said.
125, to go to a place ; no gu/t /io

Caman a/tb, till I reached to

stately Emania.
*-t2oba,a robe.
T25bajbeac, very thankful.
T2obaj/t;be, a monument.
T2obarn and /tabam, to warn or ad-

monish.

T75ba/t, a sieve.
ftobeaj, very small.
T25b/to, ancient, very old.
T2o6u;^t;, custody.
t?ocan, a plait or fold, a wrinkle.
T2ocan, a cottage or hut.

l?ocan, a hood or mantle, a sur-

.
tout.

T26cajbeaiT)a;l, very proper, de-

cent, becoming ; also civil, hos-

pitable.
T25ca7/tbeaiT}a;l, very courteous and

obliging; also very powerfully

befriended.

l?0ca/t, a killing or slaughtering.
T2ocba;rr>, to reach or arrive at a

place ; bo /tocbaba/t TO Ca;^"jol,

they arrived at Cashel.
T2ocbu;n, le /tocbujn fu&f, by the

mounting or ascent ; nac pe;b;/t

<x /tOcbu;n, which cannot be ap-

proached unto ; an arriving or

reaching to any place.
TJoctrjlleac, terrible, very dange-

rous.

1?5co/ta, the chiefest or best.
T2octa;/te, a common guest or

customer, one that haunts a place

much.

T2ocuajb, a lamprey.
T26cu/tam, exceeding diligence,

anxiousness.

T25cu/tamac, vigilant, over-careful.
y X ftob, the way or road ; ;tob an ;t;^,

the highway

1?ob and ;teb, a thing ; Lat. res.
T7obacc, a covering, a fence.
l?Ofc(Xb and /iOba/t, a lancing or

searrifying.

prosperous.
372

l?0bbab, was lost or undone, failed.

1?obb<xb, breaking.

T26bo;neanta, very stormy or tem-
pestuous; af ajmfjp. /to bojne-
<xnta, it is a time of much rain ;
from /to, very, and bo-^on-^Jon,
bad weather; so that /tobojne-
<xnt<x is a contracted compound
of four simple words : /to, very,
bo is a negative, ^*on signifies
good or happy, and ^-Jon is wea-
ther. Thus this compound word
signifies literally, very unhappy
weather.

T?obu;l, jealousy.

T?obu;n, a nobleman, a peer.

12obut/t<xcbac , earnest, careful, very
diligent.

t?obmu;nn, a fox; pvjnce and jre-
onba, the same.

T26brtuO;t<vjm, to bring to pass, to
effect.

Tc'oe. a field, or plain ; ftejb, idem.

T2o-p;at, very hospitable.

T?o-jpo ja/tc<xc, very gracious.

)?5-pOnn, an earnest longing.

fto-ponflmci/t, very willing, well
pleased.

1?o-pi<xcb, a great cold.
, an order, or custom.
. choice ; /toja jrea/t, the
choice of men ; /to jam and ;to-
a;n, idem.

a;m, to choose, or make choice
of.

T2oja;n;ocab, chosen or elected.

7?o- jea/t, very sharp, very fierce.

l?o jlac, an election of soldiers.

ftojtac, very angry, enraged.

J?ojmal, the election of a prince.

)?o jma/t, digging ; n; pe;b;/t learn
/tojma/t bo beunam, ^u/; a/-
na/t learn bej/tc bja/t/tu;b, I
cannot dig, and am ashamed to
beg.

175 jma/t, very dangerous ; also fight-
ing, valiant.

J76jna;ta;jeac, very customary,
much used or frequented.

r? 0

0

), a small rope or cord; a

whisker or mustache.
T?6;b^e<xb<x, excellent.
7?o;bne, a lance or dart.
12o;c;b, 50 ;to;c;b f)n, insomuch,

so that.
T2o;c;m, to come to, to arrive at ;

also to appertain, or belong to ;

my good doth not belong toyou.
l?o;ct<xb, a great cry.
??o;bea^, very handsome or pretty.
1?oj jjm, to arrive at, or attain to.
??o;jl;c, very prudent or wise.
1?o; jne, chief, or choice.
r?oj jneajab, election ; /to; jn; j,

idem.

fto; j;m, to elect or choose.
J?o;l!5e, mountains.
J?o;l;j. a church ; a ;to;tjg ;6bajl,

in a church of idols.
?o;Ue, together; jte ;to;lle, to-
. gether; Lat. simul.
J?o;lle, darnel, Zizania ; rather

)?6;m, the city of Rome ; gen. n<x

J?ojm, earth or soil; hence j\ojm
Abldjce, a bury ing-place; hence
also ;toiT)<X;i, digging.

12o;m or ^o;me, before, before that,
in comparison of,&c. ; f&n <x;m-
f)f\ ^o;me, formerly, of old,
heietofore; <xn te cu)f\jOf poj-
me, whoever designs or intends.

r?ojm^-e, sin, iniquity.

J7ojm^-e, a pole, or stake.

J?6;n, or /ton, a seal.

ftojn, the gen. of fton, the crest or
tail-hair of any beast; eabac
•iojn, hair-cloth.

K°1nlt> hairy, or full of bristles.

7?o;nn, a share or portion.

7?o;nne, horse-hair.

??o;nneab, a division.

T?o;nn;m, or ^u;nn;m, to divide or
share ; bo /to;nn ye, he divided.

)?o;nnpd;ntecic, sharing or par-
taking.

373

, a tuck or rapier.
T?o;7"ceall, a sentence, verdict, or

decree.

I7o;/"ecxl, the lowest, or most base.
T?oj;"tT)e;/tte<xc, a tory, a burglar.
]2o)f)ro and ftojcjm, to reach or

come to, to arrive at ; 50 pojfjji

d^ neam, may you reach hea-

ven; ba /tojceab bomnall Ce-

<inn-co^<xb, if Donald arrives at

Ceanncora.
Y2o)f)n, rosin. •

, angry, vexed.
, anger, choler.
c, the fish called roach.
to arrive, to attain to ;

/io;cc;m, the same; fto;cceoca

ft, he will reach; jo fiojtjb,

until.

T26;/^rJn, a gridiron.
T2o;t, a wheel.
T2o;cle6;/t, a wheelwright.
1?o;r/7;m, to please.
T2o;c^e, or ;to;r;/te, a babbler, a

silly prating person.
1?o;C;teact, loquacity, silly speech-

ing; also rhetoric.
1?ojc/teaba/t, most prudent.

, a rushing, &c. ; le pojt-
ftbab, <x5u/~ le co;^t-
a ^ojttean, Jer. 47.

3; a commotione quadriganini

PJUS, et multitudine rotart/rn,

ejus.

T2o;t;t;c, rhetoric.
T7olab, a roll. ^
T2ola;m, to roll.
T26mab, before thee; <xb<X)|t /tomab,

speak on ; jmt; j ^tomab, go for-

ward, go on or away, i. e. ;t6;m,

before, and tu, you.
176m<x;rie, a rower.
T?om<xjt:, excellent.
T2omam, before me ; bo cudjb me

;i6mam, T went on.
T7oman, brank, or French wheat.
T25irian(Xc, a Roman.
1?6mvi;t, digging ; vid. /to;m ; f eat

ftoma;/t, a digger.

n o

r? u

, to dig ; noc

le lajje, that is dug with mat-
tocks.

T25m;an %uf, an earnest desire.

T25iY)5;be, greatness, excess.

T7om/ia, the sight.

T25mu;b and ftomu;fy-e, before you.
— - 1?6mu;n, before us ; ma cu;/tm;b
/tomuj/7, if we purpose or in-
tend.

t?ompa, before them ; n; b;a;b
eajla o/iu;b jiompa, ye shall not
be afraid of them; ;tompa;~an,
before them.

126/7, a sea-calf ; pi. piojnte.

T2o/i, the hair of the mane or tail
of a horse, cow, or other beast ;
;to;nne and jtuajnne, is a single
hair of the same ; Wei. rhaun,
horse-hair.

1?onab, a club or stake.

T2o/?abu£tt:a, very natural.

T2o/?jra;t:, hair-cloth.

ftonjala/i, a rheumatism.

T2onn, a chain, a tie, or bond.

1?onnab, a club or staff*

1?0fln/~a jab, or ponnfu jab, search,
inquiry.

)2ont, fierce, cruel.
•• 1?opa, a rope.

l?opa;/ie, a rapier; also a treache-
rous violent person.

t?0ftbajm, to run, or to race.

T2o/ita;m, to pour out.

Yldf and p.6f&, a rose.

T2of, science, knowledge.

T2o/~, pleasant, agreeable: hence
the name of several places and
towns in Ireland ; as, J?o/*-ajl;-
t/te, the town of Ross, a bishop's
see in the County of Cork ; T^Of
mac C/tjumcajn, the town of
Ross in the County of Wexford,
a harbour.

T7o^al, judgment.

l?o^am and jioytam, to roast; nj
pdf&n <xn bu;ne a;mlea/"5, the
slothful man roasteth not, &c. —
Prov. 12. 27.

374

n, the apple of the eye.
an eye ; ;io/"g alu;n, a charm-
ing fine eye ; plur. ;io^ja;b and

, the understanding.
, a kind of versification used
by the Bards of an army to ani-
mate the troops to battle, other-
wise called /uy^a cata.
T2o^gbaUab, an error or mistake.
roasted ; also a roasting ;

bo n; f& fio^ta, he roasteth ;

j:e5;l fio^-tra, roast meat.

t, a hoary white frost ; vid. fieo.

T<!Ot:Cfteba, a bodkin.

T2u, a secret; id qd. pun ; vid. /tun.

I7uab, reddish ; Wei. rhydh ; Lat. *
rv.f us.

I2uab, strong, valiant.

T2uabbu;b, of a reddish yellow.

t?uabcftjot, rudle, or red radle.

T2uabla;t and /tuabla;c;nnea/-,
choler ; also the disorder called
cholera.

T?uaga7fie, any thing or instrument
that drives another thing out of
its place ; fiuaja^/ie glaj^, is
the key of a lock, because it
forces the bolt out of its place.

T2uaj<xb, a banishing, or driving
away.

TCuajajm, to put to flight.

T2aa;c;ll;m, to buy or purchase.

T7uajc;ltre, bought or purchased.

!?ua;b, from /tuab; ^<xn mu;/t ^tu-
<x;b, in the Red Sea.

T7uajbneac,hair; eabacbo ^uajb-
neac camall, cloth of camels'
hair.

1?ua;£, a flight; hence /iitajgbejfte,
bo jtjnneaba^ jtuajj-bejfte, they
wheeled about from the rere.

T2ua;m, a fishing line.

T2uajnne, a hair.

17uam, ajspade.

T2uamnab, reproof, or reprehen-
sion. ^

T2uana;b, red, reddish.

T7uana;b, strong, able.

n u

n u

anger.

T2imncic, lying, a liar.

??imc<X;i, a skirmish.

1?uba, patience, longanimity.

7?u5<x, a hurt or wound,
-f 7?ub;n, a ruby.

T7uc<x;l, a tearing or cutting.

7?ucb, stead, room ; <x ftucb Cci-
rnojn/i, in Edmund's room ; also
almost : <x ftucb kajf, almost
dead.

7?ucb, sudden ; also vehement, ear-
nest.

I7ucc, a swine.

]?uct, a great cry, a clamour.

T?ubblu<x;tfte, saw-dust.

]?ubft<xc, very straight.

7?ub/t<xc, a darkening.

T2ubM<ic<x^ and ;tubn<xc<x^, length.
, the perfect tense of the verb
be;;t;m, signifying to take, to
catch; also to bear children or
young ; bo ftug f] mac, she bore
a son ; bo ftugabOft, they caught ;
bo ;tu£ j-e Oftfia, he overtook
them, &c. ; rid. be<Xft<xb, su-
pra.

, bo ;tug<xb <x;/t, he was ta-
ken; bo jtugab jnjean bo, a
daughter was born unto him.

7?U£<xb, was hurt or wounded.

1?ugA;/te, a bar or bolt of a door,
a latch.

T2u jab, hanging.

??u£mob, a bondslave.

7?u;be, a hair; pe lejteab fiujbe,
at a hair's breadth.

T?u;b, brimstone.

xcta)n, a prop or support.
, a lance.

J?u;bne<xc, armed with a lance, a
spearman.

17u;bne<xc, strongly guarded, hav-
ing a numerous band.
, great bands.
, a riband.

I7u;ce, a rebuke, or reproach.

T7u;ceac, exaltation, or lifting up.

J?u;ce<xb, a collection.
375

??u;ceat, an exalting, or lifting up,

elevating.

t?u;cedtt:, was hid, or private.
t?u;beab, a reproof, or censure.

^, very true, or faithful : a

corrupt contraction of ;tob;le<ty-.
, an arm ; b/t^ ^u; j <xn c;0nn-

ta; j, break thou the arm of the

wicked; <x;/t bo >tu; j, upon thine

arm ; <v ftu; j, his anns.
?7ujmne<xb, casting, or throwing.
T?u;n-clej/ie<xc, a secretary.
T?u;n-b;am<x;ft, is properly and lite-

rally a dark secret ; which may

be properly called a divine mys-

tery; pi. ^ujn-bj<xm^ta.
7?u;n-b}am/ta.c, mystical, myste-

rious.
l?u;ne and ^6;nne, horse-hair, a

bristle, &c.
T2u;nc, a streak.
YZajnn and ^un<xb, a division.
T2u;nnecc, or njnnecc, grass.
7?u;nnte, divided.

e<xcd^, a secretan,'.

, a champion, a knight ; the

root of the Anglo-Saxon rider;

plur. jurjft; j and ^u;^eaca ; as,

an habitation of lordsand princes.
J7u;^te<xc, famous, renowned, cele-

brated.
7?u;;te<xc, idem quod ftojfte; ex.

i Domini ccelorum. — Bro-
gan in Vit. S. Brigid.

ca;*, lordship, dominion.
and ^u/-j<xn, a vessel made
of bark of trees.
, a way or road.
, an elder-tree : hence it is the
name of the letter 17. — Flah.

, hasty ; 50 puty-eantra,
hastily, by snatches; Lat. rap-
tun.

, a skirmish.

, to smite or strike, to pelt
at ; ;tu^3<xb, idem.
, to tear in pieces.

n u

i? u

fc, an army, a troop.

7?u;teac, going or moving, upon
the march.

12u;tear), red hot, or blazing.

7?u;te<xn, delight, pleasure.

T7u;teana;m, to shine or glitter.

7?u;tea7?a/-, glittering, brightness.

1?u;tneab, a flame.

YZujtjri, the ankle-bone.

??utab, a slaughtering or massacre,

??ul<x;b, he went.

7?um, a floor ; also a room ; ;ium
n<x ;iata, the floor of the for-
tress.

l?um<Xft, a mine.

7?un, a secret, secresy, mystery.

- N. B. If Olaus Wormius had
known that pun is the common
and only word in the old Celtic
or Irish, to express the word
secret or mystery, it would have
spared him the labour of the
long dissertation in the begin-
ning of his book, rfe Litteratura
Runica, to account for the ori-
gin of the word runa1, which was
a mysterious or hieroglyphic
manner of writing used by the
Gothic Pagan priests, as he him-
self observes m another place.
Tacitus observing that the Ger-
mans knew no literature, uses
the terms of secreta literarvm;
and in the same manner the Ger-
mans having afterwards learned
the use of letters, called their
alphabet by the appellative of
Kuncp, from the Cimbric and
Gothic word runa, a secret ;
plur. ;iunu;B ; ex. j\o BJ fe ;
;iunu)b <xn /i; j, he was one of the
king's privy council ; jnnfjm ;iun
bu;t, I tell you a secret ; <xn b;l
/iun <xj<xb <x;/i ? have you any
secret knowledge of the matter '{
f\un <\%uf fajfnejf, a private
and a manifested knowledge of

a thing; Wei. rhin, a secret or
mystery ; Sax. girunu, mysteries ;
Sicamb. reunen, obscure mur-
muring; Anglo-Saxon, geryne,
mysteries; Cimbr. runa, arcana
carmina vel notffi secretiores ;
and Gothice, runa, mysterium,
item consilium. — Vid, Glossa-
rium Goth, ad Vocem. Runa.

a purpose or design ; /ian
bjOn^iTKXtra, a firm purpose;
Goth, runa, consilium.

5, dark, obscure, mystical.

a discreet person, to
whom a secret may be safely
told ; also any person that knows
a secret.

, a council chamber.
, a disguise or pietence.
)?un- j/i<x;Bceoj/t, a secretary.
r?unnab, a division ; ;-tur>nt<x;l, id.
T2unpa;;iteac, partaker of a se-
cret.
J?un-p&/it<Xjm, to communicate, to

advise with, or consult.
l?u/tgo;b, rhubarb.
-, knowledge, skill.
~, a wood.

the bark of a tree ; Wei. -\

rhvsk and dirisgo, to take oft*

11
bark.

u^5<x;m, or /^u^Tjm, to make
bare, to take the bark off" a tree.
u^3<x;m, to strike vehemently, to
pound, to pelt at.
ty"tac<x, rude, rustic ; Lat. rusti-
cus.

, rudeness, rusticity.
c, a boor, clown, or churl. ^

, a lump, or hillock.
7?utci, a herd, a rout.
??ut:<x, a tribe of people ; put<\
Ou/icac, the tribe of the Burks.
This expression carries an ho-
nourable sense.
J?ut, wages.
]?ut<x, the fish called thornback.

37G

REMARKS ON THE LETTER S.

S is the fifteenth letter of the Irish alphabet, and is not ranked by
our grammarians in any particular order of the consonants, but is
called sometimes ajmftjb, or barren, and sometimes bajn-/tjoj<xn na
ccon^ojneaba, or the queen of tfie consonants, because in the com-
position of Irish verse it will admit no other consonant to correspond
with it ; and our Irish prosodians are as nice and punctual in the obser-
vance of the uajm and comonbujab, or union and correspondence, as the
Greeks and Latins are in the collocation of their dactyles and spondees.
So that if an Irish poet should have transgressed against the established
rule and acceptation of the consonants, he would be exposed to severe
reprehension. We find in the Greek division of the consonants into se-
veral classes, as mutes, liquids, &c., that the letter e, or s, is not ranked
among any particular class, but like our Irish f, is styled SIKB potestatis
littera, or an absolute and independant letter. In Irish it is called fujl,
or fajl, from ya;l, the irilloit'-free. Lat. salix. It is to be noted, that
all Irish words beginning with the letter f, and which are of the feminine
gender, must necessarily admit of an adventitious t before the initial f,
when the Irish particle an (which in signification answers to the English
a, an, and the,} is prefixed before such words ; in which case the c
eclipses the f, so that the word is pronounced as if it had not belonged
to it, thougn f is always written to show it is the initial radical letter.
Thus the words fujl, an eye, or the eye; /"/ton, a nose, or the nose,
when the Irish particle an, signifying a, an, or the, in English, is prefixed
to them, are necessarily to be written an tfujl, an t^/ton, and pro-
nounced an tujl, an t/ton. But words beginning with f, which are of
the masculine gender, admit of no adventitious letter as a prefix. Thus
we say and write an j-ljnnean, a shoulder; an j~oluf, the light; and
this, by the by, is one method to find out the gender of words beginning
with f. It is also to be noted, that when f is aspirated by subjoining b
to it, which cannot happen but when it is an initial letter, it is thereby
made quiescent, so that its sound is not distinguishable from that of a t
aspirated at the beginning of a word ; for the words a j~u]l, his eye, a
tean ga, his tongue, are pronounced as if written a bujl, a

s a

Sa, in ; |-a cat, in the fight ;

c; je, in the house.
Sa, or bu^, are signs of the com-
parative degree, and have nj al-
ways before them ; ex. nj f<\.
mo, or nj bu^ mo, more or great-
er; nj f& tne^e, or nj bu^
j, stronger, or more strong.
377

This fa. is sometimes contracted
when the word following it be-
gins with a vowel ; as, atajm
njdf ojje na e, I am younger
than huii, i. e. n; bu/- 6;je nae ;
njf, pro nj ^a, or for nj buj" ;
f id. baf.

Sa, or ;ya, whose, or whereof;
SB

S rf

Christ whose blood redeemed
us.
Sa, i. e. jy <x, and his or her's.

, strong, able ; ba pxb 015 ;on-
<x^bab cloen, strenuus erat in
exterminandis erroribus ; pxb

c, a barn or

; vld.

p opaf trea/"<x.
S<xb, death.
S<xbb<xll, i. e.
granary; ex.

the barn of St. Patrick. It
should properly be written p*-
ball. — Fid. Pita Secunda S.
Pat. apud Colgan. Not. 48.
S<xb, or pxro, a bolt or bar of a

door or gate.
S<xb, spittle.
S<\b<x, sorrel.
Sabcin, f-cxb<x;rtle, or pxbaj/ttean, a

cub, or young mastiff' dog.
Saba;l, saving, sparing, protect-

ing.

Sabulac, careful, sparing, not la-
vish, &c.

, to save or preserve; bo
mo be<xt<x, my life was
preserved.
, sauce.
Sabojbe, the sabbath ; lei na ya-

bo;be, the day of the sabbath.
Scxc, a sack or bag. This Irish
word T"<XC is nearly the same in
almost all the European lan-
guages; ex. Gr. (TUKKoe, Lat.
saccus, Wei. sack, Ital. sacco,
Ar. sack, Cor. zah, Vulg. Gr.
O-OKT), Ger. Belg. and Ang. sack,
Ang.-Sax.sace,Dan. seech, Suec.
sack, Sclav, shakel, Carn. sha-
kel, and Hungar. saak. Its di-
minut. is y<xcan, or pvjcjn.
S<xc<xb and ^acci;l, a pressing or

straining.
S<xccin and y-<x;c;n, dimin. of y<xc,

a small bag.

Saccw, an unmannerly, trifling
378

person.

confession;

on e<x^-cop, and he received com-
munion and confession from the
bishop. — L. B.

S<xc<xm, to attack, or set upon.

SaccfKXjge, baggage, or loading.

S<xc/-ft<xta^i, a pack-saddle.

Sab<xtl, a saddle ; 50 pijarxvjb
<xju^ 50 ^<xb<Xjlib <x;;-»j;ot, with
bridles and saddles adorned with
silver.

Sabajle, neglect; <xn beajno^" fO
bo le;j be, t/ie le^je no ^a-
ba;le, he omitted that pious
custom through sloth or neglect.

S<xbb, a good house or habitation.

S<xbb, the proper name of a woman
very common among the old
Irish.

S<xe jlan, a king or prince ; also a
judge; also a senior or elder;
also a pillar, as may be seen by
this verse: Saejtan bjtejteaii),
buan <x btajb ; S<xe

jro/t <x ba ;
lan Colum nu.
Saga/it;, a priest; Lat. sacerdox.
Sajcx/ttacb and ^<xga/ttoj;te<xct,
priesthood.

I, priestly, holy, pious,
becoming a priest.
a, a bitch.

, an attacking.
l, nice, tender.
, to drink, or suck.

cb, delight, content.
j;n, a little bitch.

te, a kennel or sink,
<x, or more properly Saj-
t, England ; from $><ygfQn,
Saxon, and ;<xt, land.
<xg^- and Sdj^onac, an English-
man ; le S<xgpx;b, by the Eng-
lish.

aj^be<x/it<x, the English tongue;
from sax and parler, both of a

S tt

S rf

German origin.

Sa£;-ke<xrtld.m<xjl, according to the
English tongue.

S<x;b£ej/i, a saucer.

S<x;cb;all<x;r. a pack-saddle.

Sa;ceabac, sackcloth.

, they came, or arrived.
, a seat.

5a;bB;fi, rich, opulent ;
<xjU|- b<xjbb;;t, i. e.
rich and poor.

Scx;bbj|t;m, to make rich or weal-
thy.

and f&fobfcjof, riches.
, a sitting, a session, or
assize.

Sajb and f&)t bpeaf, a treasury.

Sd;b;;~t:e, a seat ; fafojfce, idem.

Sa;j:e<X;t, a sapphire stone.

So; jeab, or ^-<x; j;ot, a dart ; Lat.
sagitta; f&}%]t njroe, a poi-
sonous dart.

S<x;jeaboj/t, or f&Jfgf&JVfit and
sometimes written ^-aj jjtreo;^,
a soldier, but literally an archer,
like the Latin Sagittarius, from
pvjjjot, sagitta; because our
standing army and soldiers an-
ciently used bows and arrows for
their offensive weapons.

S<x;£e<xbo;/iecvct;, or

<xct, brave warlike actions.

, oldness, antiquity
nen, lightning, a hurricane ;
af px; jnen, thunder
and lightning.
, a beam ; pi. pj/jtteaca.
, or pxjleog, a willow-tree ;
hence the name of the letter S> •

Sajt, an inflection of ^al, a heel :
<x jral fan, his heel ; ;te n<v f\.\-
Idjb, at his heels, or close by.

S<xjl, guard or custody.

Sa^lK/teajdb, a rejoicing, or mak-
ing merry.

Sctjle, the sea; u;^je n<x ^a;le,
sea or salt water; Lat. sal; as,
iit sale rubro, in the Red Sea.

S6.;le and /~a;lle<xb, pickle.
379

, a salt-cellar.

, willow ; Wei. helig-

, from pvla, the heels,
and jjotla, a servant, a waiting-
man, a page, i. e. pedisseqitus.

Sa;l;m, to salute or hail; ex. bo .
^•djleabaft n<x ^;j e, they hailed
him king.

Sajljn, an arm of the sea which
resembles a lake or great pond :
hence it is the name of some
places in Ireland ; from ^al, the
sea, and Ijnn, a pond or lake.

Sa)U, pickle; also bacon, fatness,
&c.

StXjltjm, to salt, to season, or pic-
kle ; njop. f&;lleab e, it was not
salted.

, salted or seasoned.

, a guardian spirit.

Sajtteant, treading ;
tu, thou shall tread;
;tu;b bonn bo co^", the sole of
your foot shall tread.

S<x;m, rich.

Sa;m, sweet; Lat. suavis.

S<i;m, a pair or couple.

S<xjm5e<x^t<xc, bearing twins.

Sa;mbftjac^<x;3;m, to flatter, to
speak fair.

Sd;mB^;ocb<xm, to allure or entice.

Scijmceatjab, hypocrisy.

S<x;mb;lte, a beetle or mallet.

Sajme, delight, pleasure ; lucb
j^abujjea^- ^a;me, men that
love pleasure and ease; pxjme-
, idem.

, to allure or entice.

Sa;m jftjO^ab, enticement.

Sajmn; jeab, a yoking or coupling.

S<x;nin; j;m, to yoke or couple.

Sajm/t; je and ^d;m^; jeo.cc, ease,
quiet, satisfaction ; famaf, idem,
also a rapture.

Sa;m/t; je<xc, easy, satisfied.

S<xjn, unequal, unlike.

So.jncfie<xc, healed.

S<vjnbftean, a sect or society ;
wide, Sanhedrim.

Sa;ne and f<\jne<^f, variety.
fSajne, sound ; Lat. sanus.
Sa;neab, variation.
StynfjOf and ^<x;np;o^n, ety-

mology.

Sa;n;ro, to vary or alter.
Sa;n/<e, a reddish purple, or a

sanguine colour.
Sa^n^ea^ajro, to differ, to be un-

like.

Sa;nt, covetousness.
Sa;nt/teab, an old family-house.
v Soj/t, or ^a/i, is an augmentative

particle often used in compound

words, and signifies very, ex-

ceeding, &c.
Sa;/t-b/t;j, an attribute; jf aon bo

^a;/ib;i;oga;b na £);abacta be;t

irjl-eolac, omniscience is one of

the attributes of the Divinity.
Saj^be, sage ; px;/"be cno;c, moun-

tain sage.
Sa;t, satiety, sufficiency ; bu/t y-ajt:

your fill ; Lat. sat and Data's.
Sajt, a joint of the back or neck,
Sa;t, or ^a;te, a swarm; j-ajte

beac, a swarm of bees.
Sajt, vulgar, vile; n; 50 ma;t no.

50 f<x;t, neither well nor ill,

neither good nor bad.
Sojt, a thrust or piercing; co^-

mu;l fte ^a;t;b clo;b;ro, like the

piercings of a sword.
Sajt, a treasure, a store of money ;
d.bao;n lu;b Jubcty- ca/t
<x lo/ig be<xm<xn, b;o jo.1
ce<xbo.o;n, ;to jab ^<x;nc
ceabaojn ;to b/i<x;t:
o. a/ib, i. e. on Wednesday

Judas went from the society of

the apostles by the direction of

Satan, and covetous of the trea-

sure proffered him by the Jews,

betrayed Jesus our Lord.
S<x;te, a swarm ; vid. pvjt ; also

a multitude.

ex.

, a space.
'•. So,jte<xc, or ^-accic, satiated, glut-
ted.

380

S<x;teo.m<v;n, a swarm of bees.
S<x;teo.^, vileness, cheapness.
Sal, diminut. f'ajljn, and ^toj, a

heel.
S<xl, dross; ;te f<*l <x;;ij;b, with

dross of silver.

c, unclean, dirty.
Solo.; jjm, to defile or pollute.
Sa.to.jro, to wait on, to follow.
Salann, or ^ata/i, salt ; Lat. sal, -«.

Gr. aXc, Wei. halen, Ar. halon,

and Cor. holan.
Salannan, a salt-pit.
Sala/ia;ro, to procure, to provide.
Sato-ftca, procured, or provided.
Salcab, dirt, pollution.
Satcab and r^lcajm, to defile ; a/t

na ^atcab, defiled, polluted.
Salca/1, uncleanness, filth.
Salcuac, a violet.
Salt, bitterness, satire.
Sallann, a singing, or harmony;

Gr. Tro-aXXftv, canere.
Salma;^e, a psalmist, a chorister.
Salma;/teacb, a singing the psalms.
Salm-ceatlac, a psalmist, rectius

Salm-ceatlab, a singing the psalms.

Salmap, salty ; an muj/t yalroa/i,
the salt sea.

Salt, colour.

Saltaca, beams ; vid. /"O.jl.

Saltaj/t, a psaltar ; it is the title
of several Irish chronicles; as,
na Ceam/tac, Salta;/t
, &c.

Salco;/-i, a saltmonger.

Saltr/ia;m, to tread or trample ; bo
^•alta;/t me, I trod.

Saltu;;it, a treading or tramp-
^ling.

Sam, easy, happy.

Sam, the sun ; also the summer.

Samac, pleasant.

Samab, a congregation, or assem-
bled body of people ; aro/ta /"O.-
roab Sancc 0/tjtrbe, i. e. the
community of St. Bridgit was
happy and famous ; Samab Cbj-

S

S rf

<j.na;n, the religious house of
Kieran.

Sama;t, like, alike, equal; bom
maca/-anola, to my equals ; Lat.
simili-s.

Saroa;n, all-saints'-tide ; gen. ^am-
na; o;bc'e pxmna, all-saints' -

ere.

., delight, pleasure.
Samaj-ac, pleasant, agreeable.
Sama^trbeantra, factitious.
Sam juba, sea-nymphs.
Samlaca^, a sample or pattern.
Samla;m, to resemble.
Samlut, brisk, active.
Samtu jab, a similitude, or image.
Samna, vid. j-awajn-
Sam/ta, i. e. pxm-/iata, summer;

from pirn, the sun, and jtata, a

quarter of a year.
Sam^eapxm, a distance.
Samtrac, a helve or handle ; fam-

tac /ux;nne, the handle of a

spade.
-San, in the, i. e. jf an, f&n roa-

ca;/te, in the field.
San, pro ;'ancc, holy.
Sancan, the same as a nonn aju;~

a natl, hither and thither, to and

fro..

Sanab, a releasing.
Sanapc, red orpiment ; Lat. san-

daraca,

-, knowledge ; also a secret.
, a whisperer.
Sana/*, a greeting or salutation ;

hence j:e;le mu;/te an t^-ana^,

the annunciation of the Virgin

Mary ; also a farewel, an adieu.
Sana^-on, etymology ; also a glos-

sary.

Sanaj-anu;be, an etymologist
Sancc, holy; Sanct O^;jjt, St.

Bridget ; Lat. sanctus.
Sanctoj^, a sanctuarj7, or place of

refuge.

Sanb^onx, a sect.
Sannab, looseness.
Santac, greedy, covetous.
381

Santacb, greediness, covetous-

ness.
Santa; j;m, to covet or desire, to

lust; n; /-anteoca tru bean na

mao;n bu;ne e;le, thou shalt not

covet the wife or goods of ano-

ther man.
Saob, silly, foolish ; a/t f aobce;l,

bereft of reason ; yao'j

b;qm, heterodox faith;

bab, hypocrisy.
Saobcejlle, of nonsense ; the gen.

of j-aobcjal, which also means

the occult or parabolical sense of

a thing.

Saobco;;t, a whirlpool.
Saobcftabab, hypocrisy.
Saobc^c^beam, heterodox)^.
Saobbolba, enchantment.
Saobno^, anger, mdignation; also

bad manners.

Saobnopxc, morose, foolish.
Saob, a track ; also a journey.
Sao jal, the world ; also a man's

life; also an age or generation; ~

Lat stpculum.
Sao jatta, secular, worldly.
Saoialcact, a being worldly in-

clined.
Sao;, a worthy generous man ;

also a man of letters ; plur. ^a-

o;te.
Sao;t;m, rather fjljm, to mean, to

seem, to suppose, or think; on

yao;leann cu^a, dost thou ima-

gine or think? ma/t bo ^-ao;l
ejfjon, as he thought.

, the plur. of f<tf>]\, a carpen-^f

ter ; also a mason ; also the in-

flexion of f&0j\, an adjective,

which signifies free.

and pxo;^eacb, free-

dom, liberty, a release ; also base-

ness or cheapness.
Sao;^i^e, of or belonging to a car-

penter; tuab 7~aoj/ye, a car-

penter's ax.
Sao;ry-eac, free; 50

licentiously, too freely.

S il

S if

Sao;/ireacb, the trade of a car-
penter, joiner, or wheelwright;
also masonry.

Sao;/ir;, any art ; also freedom.

Sao;t;ceap, a pillory.

Saojte, a tutor, or guardian.

Sao } team a;l, expert, skilful ; also
generous.

Saojteamlact, generosity.

Sao/i, Lat. faber ; rao/i-c/ia;nn,
a carpenter ; rao/i-clo;ce, a ma-
son.

Sao/i, jra rao/i, woe unto.

Sao/i, free ; 50 ^ao/i, freely, safely ;
bu;ne rao/i, a freeman, a bur-
gess; la pxo;/ie, a holiday;
also noble.

SaOfiab, an exemption or freeing ;
also a deliverance.

Sao/ia;m, to free, to acquit, or res-
cue ; 0 cealgajb an b;abujl
y-ao/i r;nn a Cbja/ma, from the
deceits of the devil deliver us,
O Lord ; rao/i jru; jea/i ;ab, they
shall be justified.

Sao/iba;l, a freedom or privilege,
a cheapness.

Sao/ibalac, cheap, free.

Sao/iranac, or ^e;/ir^anac, an
unhired workman, a free labour-
er, or helper at a work.

Sao/it/iaj jjm, for raota/ia; j;m, to
labour or work.

Sao/iceocab, tillage.

Saot, labour, tribulation, punish-
ment ; pi. raota;b ; ex. /io ba-
matra/i, raotu;b, they endured
punishment ; rjc ;a/i raoc, rest
after tribulation. — Brogan. In
old books it is commonly written

S<xot, a disorder or disease ;

bfiuj^-e, lues venerea.
Saoca/1, labour, toil, drudgery ;

tucb y-<xot<x;/t, workmen;

t<x^i boc<xml<xc, hard labour.
S<xocb<xm, a labouring ox.
Saotiixx/i, toilsome, laborious.
382

S<xoto;/i, a torturer, or wrecker.

S<xotpu/it:, an imposthume.

SCXOC/-KXC, servile; also hard or
difficult.

S<xot/i<x;be, a working man.

Saocj-tdj jteoj/1, a labourer, a hus-
bandman.

Saot/iu^<xb, tillage.

Sa/i,very ; Lat. valde, Germ, sehr ;
^a/t-irxx^t, exceeding good; 50
pi/1, greatly.

Sa/i and px/ioj, a louse.

Sa/id j<xb, _ conquest, victory ; <xj
ya^iu j<Xb, exceeding, surpassing.

SCI/KX; jjm, to wrong or injure, to
force away; vid. ^"A/ttijjjro, to
exceed, to get the better of in
any exercise ; bo yd/tu; j re ;ab
u;le, he exceeded them all.

Sa/iojjte, forced, or taken by
force, rescued.

Sa/ta;jt:eo;/i, a rescuer; one that
takes away by force the goods or
cattle of a person from the pow-
er of a distrainer who has them
in his possession by law ; also a
conqueror ; also an in fringe r ;
/•a/ia)jt:e6;/-t <xn btjje, an in-
fringer of the law.
excellent,
an endeavour.

S<Xfitrut<v;b, strong.

S<x/iuj<xb, a rescuing or taking
away a person by force of arms
from a lawful power; also ex-
celling, surpassing; also an in-
juring, or ravishing a lady.

Sa/tuj j^ro, to exceed or overcome ;
to injure or oppress; nj r<x;/teo-
c<x ta e, thou shalt not oppress
him ; bean bo ^a/iu jab, to ra-
vish a woman; ra^uj jear gl;o-
car an le;me, wisdom exceedeth
folly.^

Sa/iuj|t:eac, an oppressor, or ex-
tortioner.

Sa/*, an instrument or meanp ; also
arms or engines at any work.
-, capable; ex. nj f&f mat:a/"a

s c

s c

e, he is not capable of doing
ood.

, (the first and second <x being
short,) standing; ex. be;n)j-;'e
yd^a, as it is in old writings ;
but vulgarly, be;^; j n<x px^am,
he got up, or stood up.

, sufficiency.
, satisfaction, comfort.

to satiate, or satisfy ;
me, I will satiate ;

pu) jea^i manrojl, my desire
shall be satisfied; Lat. satio ;

, idem.

, satisfied, satiated.
sufficient, is capable; ex.
nob jujbeab pt; 50.6
n<xc mob f&j-ac mo beol,
in all adversities I pray to God
as well as I can.
Sac, meat, victuals; also a suffi-

ciency ; Lat. sat.

c, satisfied.
Sac<xc, a vessel of any kind.

b, a thrust ; ma bejft fe f&-
, if he thrust him.
or Saturn, of Saturn ;
);<x Saturn, Saturday.
at<x;m, to push or thrust ; bo
7"a;c fe c^oca <xn<xon, he
thrust them both through.

, the Sabbath,
c, a helve or handle,
c, or ^aot/ttxc, diligent.
, a quarrel or contest,
amajl, given to quarrels.
SfytogajUe, or ypftojajlle, the
dew-lap of a beast, a double
chin, the gill of a cock, &c.
Sc and f-$ are used indifferently,
and are exactly of the same
power and pronunciation ; where-
fore the reader is not to expect
that the words which begin with
fc, shall be repeated below with
the initial 7-5.

Scabab, a scattering or dispersing.
Scabal, a helmet; also a hood;
also a scapular.

383

, to spread or disperse.
, i. e. j~c<xlan trjje, a booth,
or hut, a shop, or scaffold ; also
a screen sheltering the door of a
house from wind.

Sc<xb<xl, a chaldron, or kettle,
ood.
, advantage, gain.

Sc<xpx, a skiff, or cockboat ; Lat.
scapha, and Gr. o-ica^Tj ; pDbajl-
yjob ^capa, they separated their
ships.

Sco.pu.1, a scaffold.

Scag<xb, a straining or filtering.

Sc<xg<x;m, to strain, to cleanse.

Scagajte, strained; also purged
or cleansed.

Sc<x;c, to finish, or bring to an end.

Sc&jl, a shadow.

fica;leac, shady.

Scajtlacb, darkness.

Sca;l;m, to cast a shade.

Sc<x;tp, a cave or den.

Sc<x;nne<x^, a sudden irruption, or
unexpected attack; rid. cajt-
jte;m bo;^bealb<x;j, passim.

Sc<x;^, any place where a thing is
laid to dry.

, the caul of a beast; vid.
cin, plur. ^c<x^itr<xca.
r, a thick tuft of shrubs or
bushes.

Scata, a great bowl; plur.
lajbe.

Scat, a man ; also a champion.

Scaloj, an old man ; vid.
infra, dim. of ^cul<x.

Scdtujbe, balances.

Scamjlonn, a prank, or villanous
deed, fqchius, fcamban, idem.

Scc.nlufab, a reproaching or scan-
dalizing.

Sc<xnn<xjl, a slander, a scandal, or
public bad example.

Sco.nn<xt<xc, scandalous.

Sc<in^<xb, a surprise, a fright, or
confusion.

Sc<xn^<j.b, a scattering or dis-
persing.

s c

s c

Sc<xn/t<x; jjm, to scatter or disperse;
also to confound, to affright ;
7~cann/tu;je<xb ;<xb, they were
affrighted.

Sc<xo;le, a looseness.

Sc<io;le<ib, a loosing, or untying.

Sc<xo;l;m, to loose or untie, to re-
veal; also to scatter or disperse;
also to set a drying, to unfold.

Sc<xo;lte, loosed or loosened.

Sc<xo;ltrecxcb, a looseness or lax.

Sc<x/t<xb, a separation.

Sc<x;-t<x;m,f-T,cxo;l7m, and p-ietxtncx;-
jjm, to unfurl, to unfold, to lay
open for drying, to set a drying ;
ex. r&apaf ;a/t<xm <i jro/ib/tat 1
t:<x; j jro/t be^le<xnn Tjiejne, she
expanded her cloak in her house
upon a sun-beam.

Sc<x/i<x;m, to part, to separate ; also
to depart or quit; be<xgl<x 50
fcC(.)\f<\fo-)f, lest they depart.

Sc<x/i<vrY)<x;n, parting.

Sc<x/tlo;b, scarlet.

Sc<x;it<x, separated, parted.

Sc<xji6jb, potius 7~c5;ia;b, a table-
cloth.

Sctxt, a shadow, a shade, a veil, a
cover of any thing; also a co-
lour or pretence; also bashful-
ness ; also protection ; <x/t feat
bo j-cejte, under the protection
of your shield.

Scatac, shady ; also bashful.

Sc&tcin; a looking-glass : it is the
diminut. of ^cat, a shadow ;
also a gazing-stock.

SccxttTKXrt, timorous, fearful, bash-
ful.

See, the whitethorn, or hawthorn.

See, a casting or pouring out, a
spilling.

Sce<xc, a bush or bramble, a briar ;
genit. ycejce; pi. ^ceaccx.

Scecxcog and ^ceoic/t<xb, a haw-
thorn berry, a haw.

Sce<xl, genit. fcejl, a relation, a
tale or story ; na b^tojc
r*0, these evil tidings.
384

Scealtan, a kernel; on

TO nujje <xn moju;ll, from the
Kernel to the husk.

Sce<xlp; a cliff; px ^ce<xlp<ijb na
CCCL^KIC, under the clifts of the
rocks.— Is. 57. 5.

Scealujbe and ^je<xlu;be, a tale-
bearer, a romancer ; also a his-
torian.

Sce<xt<xc, bushy, full of bushes or
brambles.

Sceatr/KXc, a vomit; also vomit-
ing. ^

Sce<xt/ta;f;m, to vomit.

Sce;le, misery, pity.

Sce;m, a scheme, or draught.

Scejm, beauty, bloom.

Sce;m-<Ji/ib, corrupte rcuma/tb,
high-bloom, or good plight, good
habit of body in man or beast ;
bu;ne^cuma/tmu)l, rectius fcey-
nxvftbac, a fat vigorous man.

Sce;me<xc, ^cejme<xir)u;l, hand-
some, bloomy.

Scejnmneac, quick, swift, nimble ;
50 ^ce;nmneac, swiftly, quickly.

Sce;nne<xb, an eruption or gushing
forth ; also a bouncing ; also
sliding.

Scejte, scattered, dispersed.

Sce;t;m, to vomit, or spew out;
^ce;cjr;b <xn t<xlam ffife <xndc,
the earth shall spew you out ;
also to spawn ; bo fcejt <xn t;-
<xrj^o, this fish hath spawned ;
also to tell or confess any thing.

Sceng, a bed ; also a small bed- ,
room.

Sceo, and ; in old books it is fre-
quently used for <xju^.

Sceo, much, plenty, abundance.

Sceul, tidings, news ; tugaba/i
7~ceul<x cuc<x^"<xn, they brought
word unto them.

Sc; and ^c;<xm, beauty.

Sc;<xc, ^-c;ac<xc, and ^cjoj, a haw-
thorn.

Sc;am, beauty ; gen. ^ce;me.

Sc;<xm<xc, fair, beautiful ; comp.

s c

s c

;-c;ama;be.

Scjamam, to beautify or adorn.
Sc;<xn, a knife ; gen. fce;ne, plur.

, a shield or buckler; genit.
e; ta;rn-^cj<xc, a target ;

Lat. scutum.
Scjat, a basket made up of inter-

woven twigs; gen. ^-ce;ce; Ion

fcejte, a basketful.
Scjat, 7-c;<xta/i, a wing.
Scjacac, wearing shields.
Scjo.tan, a wing, or fin.
Sc;<xtancic, winged ; also barded.
Sc;b, a hand or fist.
•Scjb, a ship, or skiff; plur. fcj-

beaba.
Scjbe/ineoj, a hare; Wei. sfy-

Sc;beab, the course or order of a
thing; ex. ycjbeab beata, the
course of life.

Sc;te and f^jle, affright, conster-
nation upon any approaching
great danger ; j-cjle <xju/-^an-
ft<xb, terror and consternation.
This word seems to be the true
Celtic original of the name of
the famous terrifying gulf Scylla,

Scjnbe<x/it<x, a razor.

Scjnnjm, to spring, to gush out, to
rush on a sudden; ju/t pcjnn
<xn jrujl <xmac, that the blood
gushed out ; beagb. 50 ;-c;nn-
pebjj" OftC, lest they run upon
thee; ajy-cjnneabamacjspring-
ing, breaking out, budding.

Scjobab, a ship's crew.

Scjobol, a barn or granary, or any
repository for Corn ; Wei. schy-
bor ; in the Heb. Vn'SP means
an ear of corn, and tD^U'Stf,
ears of corn ; Lat. spices ; vid.
Gen. 41. v. 5; because the ears
of corn and unthreshed sheaves
are laid up in barns or granaries
to be therein threshed and pre-
served.

Scjoj, a hawthorn.
385

, to slide.
Sc;oc, a dart or arrow; bo cujji
fcjot ;ono. fujl, he threw a dart
in his eye. This Celto-Scy-
thian word seems to be the root
of the national name of Scythte,
the Scythians, quasi Scitttp,
archers ; hence the Germans ex-
press the Schijthfe. as well as the
Scoti by the word scutten, i. e.
sagittarii, shooters, archers, dart-
ers.

Sc;cen<x, Scythia.
Scjc, weariness, fatigue ; also rest ;
, idem.
, a deserter, or a fugitive ;

, idem.

Sc;ujtam, to purge, or scour.
a scouring.
j, a fugitive.

, a scourge ; also affliction,
woe.

Scjun^ajm, to whip or scourge.
SclaBact, or ^jlabu;beacb, sla-

very, servitude.
Sclabab, a slave or bondsman ;

Sclaba;be, a bondman, a slave.

Scteo, pity, compassion.

2co;l, or fcol, a school ; j-colaj/te,

a scholar.

Scola^b<x, scholastic.
Scotapbacr, scholarship.
Sco;lce<xb, a cleaving or cleft ;

fgojiteab bon can^ajj, the

cleft, or crevice of a rock.
Scojltjin, to rend or tear, to burst
Scotb, a battle or skirmish, a con-

flict; fcolb nd yc;<xn, a skir-

mish, or scuffle fought with

knives,
Scolb, a spray or wattle used in ^

thatcliing; Gr. <TKO\OTTS; Wei. \

yskolp.
-Scolb, a splinter, either of wood or

of bone.

much, many, plenty ; hence
the English score, as three

score.

3c

s c

S 6

Sco;t, a champion ; hence

one of the ancient famous mi-
litia ; also a band of heroes.
.\ Seojt, a notch, or long stroke made
by a knife or sword on any sur-
face.

Sco/tojb, a table-cloth.

Sc6;in and yco/inac, the throat.

Scot-b'e<Xftta, the Scottish tongue.

Scot, a disease.

Scot, the choice or best part of any
thing ; ycot no. bpea/t, the best
part of the army.

Scot, a flower.

Sc;i<x^te, a sluggard, a slothful,
indolent person ; <ty- Cfijonno, <xn
^c;i<x;jr-te jomx ba^<xm<xjl pejn,
the sluggard is a wise man in
his own conceit. — Prov. 26. 16.
, laziness, sloth,
l, slothful, lazy.

Sc/tcx;^te<xiT)l<xct, a being slothful,
or lazy.

Sc^dnttx, divided, scattered.

Sc/te<xc<xb, a squealing.

Sc/ie<xca;m, to squall, or cry out.
, to cry out, to bawl ; bo
Ojtnya, ye cried
out unto me.

Scfieap<vl, a scruple in weight.
r Scpjn, a shrine ; ex. fcpjn no,
nciom, the shrine of saints ; Lat.
scrinium.

Sc;i;ob, a scratch or_ scrape ; also
a furrow ; ^-c^Jobab, a scratching
or scraping.

Scp;oboijm, to scrape or scratch ;
also to -curry a horse, &c.

Scpi;obdn, a currycomb.
A Sc^job<xm and ^r;i;obujm, to write
or make an inscription; from
the Celtic fc^cib ; Lat. scribo.

Scjtjobu;n, a bill, an evidence ;
no. fcpjbntf], these evidences.

Scpjobneo;^, a scribe or writer, a
scrivener.

Scp;obneo;;ie<xct, writing.

Scfijo^-, ruin, destruction ; fCjijOf
no. mu;nnt;^e, the ruin of the
386

family.

Sc/tjO;-<xn), to destroy, annul, ruin,
&c. ; na fc^0fc<^]\ <xmac <x bpe-
<xc<xb, let not their sin be blotted
out.

i, cleared out; also ruined,
a destroyer, a pil-
lager.

Scfiobcu?, the crop, or craw of a
bird. .

Scfiubab, a search, an examination;
yc^ubab cojnfj&f, an examina-
tion or scrutiny of conscience ;
Lat. scrutor.

Sc^ub<x;m, to examine, to search. s(

Scfiubu} jte, examined, tried.

Scu<xb, a sweeping broom or brush ; ^
Lat. scopa; and penal), vasco-
num lingua.

Scaabab, a sweeping.

Sctmbajm, to sweep or brush.

Sctmbta, swept, or sweeping ; cor-
iriu;l ;ie jre<x/itujn ^cuo.bt<x, like
a sweeping rain. — Prov. 28. 3.

Scu<xbt;on, a drag, or sweep-net.

Scacfam, to pass, to proceed, to
go.

Scab, a ship.

Scti;jt;b, a ceasing, or desisting;
7~cu;ft}b <x;/tne<xn, a giving over
watching or sitting up late ; also
a collation at watching.

Scu;^;m, to cease or desist; bo
fcujp ft, he left off; ycu;/i}:;b
<xn to;^neoic, the thunder shall
cease.

Scutog, an old man ; Gr. (TKfXXw,
arefacio; also a generous and
hospitable man, who keeps a
plentiful house and an open ta-
ble in the farming way.

Sbabab, a stopping or standing.

Sbabajm, to stand, to stay, or re-
main; Lat. sto. .
i, a history.

a beefsteak, a slice of
meat.

Sbejg, ybejj bft& j<xb, the gullet.

Sb;<xlt, a plank, or board ; also a

s e

s e

chop 01 piece taken from any
thing.

Sb;all, a stroke, or stripe.

Sbjoba/tt, a steward.
^Sboj/tm, a storm or tempest

Sbojfimeamujl, tempestuous, stor-
my.
. Sbol, a seat or stool.

Sbu;c, the gen. and plur. of rboc,
a trumpet; jut an rbujc, the
sound of the trumpet.
~Sbu;peall, wandering, roving.

Sbu;;i,a rudder; fte rbu;/t j\o b;j,
with a very small helm.

Sbu;ft;m, to steer or direct.

Sbujfvju jab, a direction, or steer-
ing ; rectius f b;u;/t, ftjupu^.

Se, he, him ; literally, it is he, i. e.
jf e, ar, and jr e, fe ta 077/7,
it is he uiat is there ; re mo b^a-
ta;/t, he is my brother. — N. B.
It is to be remarked that the
Irish pronoun re, which signifies
he, him, is me same radically
with the Hebrew pronoun ty,
which means he, him, Lat. hie,
itte, as the Irish pronoun ro,
which means this, that, is like
the Heb. w, which signifies hoc,
illud, this, that ; and as the Irish
rub, meaning that, is not unlike
the Heb. pronoun W, hoc, illud.
— Vid. Buxtorf. Lexic. And it
may be also here observed, that
the Irish pronoun relative ;r;,
always expressed to signify a fe-
male, is analogous to the Heb.
njtfN, which means a woman, Lat.

mulier,fcemina. — V. Gen. 2. 22.
-= Se, six.

Seabac, a hawk or falcon; \Vel.
hebog.

Seabac5;/t, a falconer, or fowler.

Seab<xj, the spleen.

Se<xbac<xmu;l, hawk-like, fierce.

Secxbojbeac, straying, or wander-
ing.

c, certain, sure, true ; beant
387

Jf J 5° ye<xb/t<xc, an action tliat
was certain.

Seaca, the genit. of r;oc, frost;
<xj beanam reaca, freezing.

Seac<x;m, to freeze, or be cold;
also to grow hard ; bo reacaba^
<x neub<x;ie, their clothes grew
stiff.

Seacanca, hard.

Seac, a turn ; jrci re<xc, by turns,
alternatively.

Seac, rather; reac cac, rather
than others; also else, other-
wise.

Sedc, on the outside; 50 /*ejc,
still, as yet ; reo.6 pjona, free
from, or out 01 the way of pain.

Seaca and reacab, by, aside, out
of the way ; reaca be, just by
it; truj pu;t reaca, he looked
aside; cua;b re reacab, it is
passed; fte;b cum but a rea-
cab, ready to perish, or decay.

Seacabab, tradition.

Seacabajm, to deliver ; reaco-
bu;j me Jab, I will deliver them.

Seacabta, delivered, or surren-
dered.

Seacu; je, further.

Seacu;mre, beyond or before me ;
ex. bo to j tu ; reaca;rore, you
preferred her to me, i. e. reaca

Seaca;n and reacu;n, shun thou,
or avoid; reocajn rjeala pa-
bujt neamb;aba ca;lleacula,
avoid profane old wives' tales.

Seaca;nteac, allegorical.

Seacam, beyond me.

Seacam, to pass by, to pass over.

Seacamajt, further.

Seacanta, separating; ma^ nac
^ajb aonbal reacanca, where
there was no way to turn ; also
unlucky, to be shunned ; la rea-
canta, an unlucky day.

Seacantac, straying, wandering.

Seacontacb, a shunning, or avoid-

ng.

s e

s e

Seacc<xnj, the space of seven
years.

Seacbuan and j-eacb/iub, a fold.
? Se<xcbub<xta, sevenfold.

Seacbmab, the seventh ; <xn ^e<xc-
biTWb pojnn, the seventh divi-
sion.

Seacbmajn, a week ; Lat. septem-
mane, vulg. septimana. ^

Seacbmob and ^e<j.cbmob<xb, se-
venty.

Seacjojjr/m, to call aside or
apart.

Seacldbftdc, allegorical.

Se<xcl<xb^<xb, an allegory.

Seac-lu;b;m, rather yei '
to lie apart.

Sedc-loc, a park or field, i. e. a
secluded place.

Se<xcm<X)U;iio, to forget.

Seacnxxl, forgetfulness, oblivion.

Seacrrxxll, digression ; also par-
tiality.

Se<xcno<xlta, forgetful.

Se<xcn<xb, an avoiding, or shun-
ning.

Se<xcn<x;no, to separate, to avoid, to
escape; noc ^eacncy olc, who
avoideth evil.

Seacnojn, by or through; ^e<xc-
najn <xn mac<x;/ie, through the
plain.

Se<xcOjte<xb<x/i, for another cause ;
thereabouts.

1C, filth, dirt.

?, an error, a straying ; <xj
but <i/i 7"e<xc/icw, going astray.

Seac/tanoic, straying, erroneous.

5, a by-way.

.ct, rather j-ect, seven ; Lat.
septem.

Se<xcc<x;/i, without, on the outside;
also before, beyond, or surpass-
ing; Lat. prce ; ^-eact<x;/i /i}6-
£<x;b C;;te<xnn, prce regibus Hi-
oernifp ; y"e<xct<xj/t jonotxbd^b
na tatman, prce omnibus loch
terrrr.

i, the number seven ; r-edc-
388

pe<x/i, seven men ;

, seventeen.
corrupte

a week, or seven days ; literally,
seven mornings. N. B. This
shows that the Latin word mane
is formed upon the monosyllable
ro<v;n of the Celtic.

Secvb and ^eob, a jewel, a precious
stone; hence it signifies a pre-
sent or favour, or any worldly
substance ; ex. b; bu jro/i ^-e<xba
^antcxc, non erat cupida rerum
temporalium. — Brogain in Vit.
Brigid.

Seoib, a way or road ; also a seat.

Se<xb, the like, or likeness of a
thing ; c<xt c/ioba 50 na ;t<vjb a

vid. Chron. Scot.

concerning the battle of Clontarf ;

hence le;t-^*e;b, the counterpart

of any thing.
Se<xbat, a short time or space, a

while; the same as j-eatdb, by

a transposition of letters only ;

^eal, idem.

$eaba/i, the cedar-tree.
$e<xbcejmeuba}be, he that keeps

jewels, or other precious things ;

Lat. cimeliarcha.

toi, an attribute; plur.

Scab, yes, yea, truly ; <x ^eab, <

^-eab, &£Uf nj ^e<xb nj

yea, yea, and nay, nay.
Scab, a discourse, a dialogue.
Se<xb, <x/t yeab, by turns, alter-

nately.

Seab, strong, able, stout.
Secnb<x, a saw.

Se<xb<xm, to esteem, or value.
Seabano, to saw, to smooth, or

plane.

Seabbajl, sawing.
Se<xb, the crop, or craw of a bird.
, a heifer; hence ^ea/7-
, an old heifer, or a

s e

three-year old heifer.
Seapab, a blowing, or breatliing.
Seapicx;m, to breatne or blow.
Sea. j, esteem, respect ; jan ^-e<x j,

jew fujm a piojaltcvctr, with-

out esteem or regard to worldly

affairs.

Seajac, courteous, gentle.
Sea jac and ^eaj<x, a ^oat.
Seajba, curious, ingenious.
Se<xl and j-ealab, a while, a small

space or distance; also course,

or turn; Lat. rids; <x/t ccojm-

IJorxxb <x ^eala b'Cojn, as John

fulfilled his course or turn; bo

ne;/t ^ealtt, according to course.
Sealcx, a seal or signet.
Sealo.b, a little while; ^e<xlab no

beaj 50 jrojll, yet a little white.
Sealcxbcxc, 50 7"ealcvb<xc, by turns,

or alternately.
Secilab, a sealing ; a/t no. ^ealo.b,

sealed.

Seola.;b, a cutting or hewing.
Seo.la;bea.cb, a vicissitude, or

change.

Seo-lonto, rigid.
Sealb, a herd or drove ; 50.6 <ion

t^eoU), e\-ery drove.
5>e<xlb, possession ; <inn mo ^e;lb,

in my possession.
Seatb, a field.

Sealb, a pretence, or colour.
Se<xlb<x j<ib or ^-ealbti j<xb, a taking

possession.

Sealbd; jjm, to possess, or enjoy.
Sealbu; je and ^ealbabojft, a pro-

prietor, or owner.
Sealj, hunting, a chase.
Sealj, the milt of swine ; the

spleen of man, or any animal.
Se<xlg<xjfte, any sportsman ; but

particularly a falconer or fowler.
hunting, or hawk-

n.

, to hunt, fowl, or hawk.

, a hunting-pole.
sealed.

and remeann, a
389

nail riveted.

Seamc^, the herb trefoil; dimin.
ream/ioj ; feAmo.^ capajlt,- ^"
horse-trefoil.

Seam or^e;m, mild, modest, keen ;
also small, tender.

nac, quick, soon.
, clover, trefoil, worn b\
Irishmen in their hats on Pa-
trick's day in memory of that
great saint.

<x, a nail, a peg; diminut.
feamyo'g, idem.
Sean, prosperity, happiness.
Se<xn, old, ancient ; Wei. hen> Lat. -^
senex ; it is often used in com-
pound words, and goes before
the substantive ; ex. ^ean-bu;ne,
an old man; ^ean-a.;mp^, old
times.

Se<xndc, crafty, cunning, wily ;
hence the fox is called ^e<xn<xc,
or j~)0no.c.

Se<xn<xb, a denial or refusal.
Se<xnab, a blessing or benediction ;

rid. f-e<xna;m.

Seana;b, a senate; Wei. senedh,
Lat. senatm, a parliament of
elders.
Sean<i;b, to sow corn or other

grain, to drop or pour down.
SeanaJ&e, a senator, or member
of parliament ; also an anti-
quary.

Seanajlt;^, a decree.
Se<xna;m, to bless ; Lat. benedico ;
ftunaif <xn cojtl; j com<x;l, be-
nedixit quandam sancfimottia-
lem ; yeunajf <xn nen luamn^c,
benedixit avem volatilem. — Vid.
Brogan. in Vit. S. Brigid.
Se<xn<x;m, to refuse or decline, to
deny ; bo feun fe, he refused ;
gjbe j-eanpaf m;^e, whoever
shall deny me.
Secxno.mo.jl, or ^eftnmo./i, happy,

prosperous.
Secxrxxo;/-, old age.

a proverb, or old

s e

& e

saying.

Seon«£<L)ft» a grandfather.

Se<xn-b<xlab, a musty or stinking
smell; from j-ean, old, and b<x-
l<xb, or bolab, smell.

Seanbean, an old woman.

Seanca^, antiquity.

Seancd, ^e<xn<xcd., or j-eancujbe,
an antiquary, or genealogist.

Se<xnc6m<jL/tt<x, an old token, a mo-
nument.

Se<incu;be, an antiquary.

Se<xncu;mne, tradition.

Seancu^-, antiquity, a chronicle or
register ; also a genealogy or pe-
digree.

Se<xnb<x, ancient, antique, of an old
date ; c;ne<xb ye<jinb<x, an an-
cient nation.

Se<xnb<xct, a being ancient,

Se<xn-poc<xl, an old saying, a pro-
verb.

Seoin-jrojfine, old inhabitants; the
plur. of prj/ieann ; ;io bjotcu/i
y;ab n<x ^e<xn-p6j^ne, they dis-
possessed the old inhabitants.

Se<xr>£, slender, small, slender-
waisted.

Se<xr>5<vjm, to make thin or slen-
der ; to diminish ; also to grow
slender.

Se<xnj<xl, wise, prudent.

Seoinj&n, an ant or pismire ; e;/v; j
<i ccjonn <xn t^eanjajn, go to
the ant.

Se<vng<i;imata;fC, the great grand-
father's or great grandmother's
mother.

Sean j<x;b, a grandmother.

Se<xnj<x;n, a conception or child
near its time of being born.

Seo.nI/t:, happiness.

Seanm<x, musical, of music ; lucb
yeanma, musicians; j:e<x/t re-
<j.nm<x, or ^e;njme, a minstrel.

Sean-mat<x;/i, a grandmother.

Seanmujpie and

happiness, prosperity.

Se<x/7mu;i, happy, prosperous;.
390

t, rather ^e/tiD6;n, a ser-
mon ; Lat. sermo sermonis. Tins
Christian-Irish word ^e<xnmo;/t,
hath been formed upon the Lat.
sermo, monis, by admitting a
metathesis, or a transposition of
the letters n, r, commutably one
in the room of the other, i. e.
7-eanm6;/t, or fe^roon. This
word is vulgarly said

a preacher, or sennonist; vul-

garly 7"e<xnnoont<vjbe.
Se<xnmo;ft;in, to preach or exhort ;

also to proclaim ; taf<\. ^ean-

mo;/tea^*, thou who preachest.
Se<xn>DO;-t, very great, huge.
Se<xnnac, a fox.
Seanno-coijj/m, to play the fox.
Se<xno;/i, an elder, or senator; na

bjiDbea/ij ^-e<j.no;/i, rebuke not

an elder; also an old bard or

druid; Lat. senior.
Se<xnoj/ie<xct, or ^e<xno/ib<xcc, se-

niority, old age.

tab, a proverb ; y-ean/tajbte
m, the Proverbs of Solo-

mon.
Se<xntcx, blessed; ye<xnt<x ;mpe,

blessed by her ; vid. re<xn<x;m.
Seap<x;m, to flinch back, or sneak

off; also to pursue close; ce

quamvis eum pGrsequebantur

turmse.

Sea^b and ^-e<x/iba.;b, theft, felony.
Sea^iba;b, the rowers set in a

boat.

Sea/tb, bitter, sour ; Lat. acerbus. ~*
Sea^tb<x/", or ye<Xftb<xbu^, bitter-

ness, sourness ; Lat. acerbitas.
Se<x/tb<xn, oats.
Sea/tb j<xl, blue, azure.
•Sea/tbo^-, a deer, a stag.
Seafic, love, affection ; Wei. serch.
Se<n/tc<x;m, to love, or be in love.
Se<x/tc<x;/tmjn/};m, to reverence.
Sed/icam<x;l, affectionate, loving.
Sea/tcoj, a sweetheart.

s e

s e

Sea/icall, any flesh, delicate meat,
the best of flesh meat; as <De;t-
noob 0'£>ujb'jn says to his wife
e: af roa;t bo cu;b <x
e : ca^na tu;/ic la taob
e: 7-eaftcoll na ccajlleac
reaba: la banna roeabamjne;
literally, my wife Grainne, your
portion is excellent : the flesh of
hogs that had their pasture on
an entire country: the delicate
flesh of pheasants ; with horns of
delicious metheglin. Note, the
affinity between the word
coll and the Greek word
Lat. carnem, from o-ap!;,
car of as also between the Latin
came, from caro, and the Irish
cajtna, in the above verse ; all
which words signify flesh or
meat.

, a gallant, a wooer.

Sea/tj, dry, withered.

Seapjajm, to wither, to pine away,
to consume; bp yeapj ^e, it
withered; bo /'eanj an tjo/t-
mac me, the drought consumed
me ; ;*e<X;iTu;b an blat, the
flower fadeth ; ^ea/tjajb, they
pine; atajb aj ^-ea/tjab, they
mourn.

Seanjanac, dried up, withered.

Sea^t jj-am, a consumption, or wast-
ing away.

Seapgca, withered, dried up ; also
consumed.

Seajtmojn, a sermon ; vid. yean-

Seann, a youth, or stripling.
Sea/tnab, extension ; also yawning,

or stretching.

Sea/inajm, to loose, or untie.
Sea/tpan, an order, or custom.
Sea/tpan, a swan.
Sca;t;t, or ^-ea^b, theft, thievery.
Sea/t/t, a colt.

, a sythe or sickle.
c, a colt
or coroan
391

the herb pilewort.

Seaftfta;m, to yawn, to stretch the
limbs, as man and beast doth.

Sea/tfta;m, to reap ; also to mow
down, to slaughter, kill, or make
havoc.

Seap;tba, an edge or point ; also
having sharp edges ; ca/tbab
^ea/i/iba, a chariot used by the
old Irish, armed at even- side of
the wheels with hooks or sythes,
like the currus falcatus of the
Britons.

n, a chief poet or bard; pi.

Sea/itonna, art, skill, knowledge.

, the board thrown out upon
land for passengers to come in
and go out of a boat.

b, standing,

ea^ab and ^ea^ajm^to rise up,
to stand ; ^ eapxjm bo, I main-
tain, ^or uphold; ^ea^ajm an
ajajb, I oppose.
Seagal, a fan.

, standing up ; ranu;b fcu/t
m, stand ye still.
, dry, barren, as a cow that
hath no milk ; hence ^-ea^ra;-
be, a barren cow, or as a well or
brook when the water is drained ;
c;oca ^ea^ja, dry paps.
Seaj-ga, or y-ea^ab, sixty.
Sea^jac, seven battles.
Seaj-gacb, a herd of barren cattle.
Sea^ajbe, a barren cow.
Sea^ja;^, at ease, well fixed or
settled;
cozy man.
Sea^aj^e and

cozmess, being in a good easy
way.

Searjan, a shock or handful of
gleaned corn.

ac, a bachelor.
, soft, effeminate.
o, a barren cow, a heifer.
c, stiff", steadfast ; also va-
lid ; po^ab feapDac, a valid

s e

marriage ; neam-^ea^mac, in-
valid.

Se<Xfm<xcb, steadiness, constancy.

c, a lad or youth.

prosperous.

Seat<i;i, a study, or library.

Se<xt<x/t, strong, able.

Seata/1, a name of God, so called
from ye<xt<x;i, strong; in the
same manner that ^K among the
Hebrews is an appellative of
God, from the same word ^N,
which signifies strong, powerful.

Se<xc<n/tb<x, divine.

Se<xcn<xc, a body.

Seb, a cow with calf.

Seb j<xbal<v, an increase.

Sej, milk.

•Ser, an ox, or buffalo ; a hind of
trie moose kind.

Se;c, a bone.

Sejc, a combat.

Sejc, an adventurer.

Se;c;ro, to follow or pursue; 710
yejcbjj-, they followed ; Lat.
sequor.

Sejctro;, September.

.Sejc;btdn, whensoever.

Se;c;n, the skull, or rather the
pellicle of the brain.

Sejcne, rather fejcjn, gen
a skull ; gu/t bu<xjl jOnd
e, <xjuy ju/t bfvjyeab <v
bon be;m pn, so that he smote
him on the head, and with that
blow broke his skull. — K. It
properly means the membrane
wrapping the brain.

Se;cjn, the film, pellicle, or thin
skin that covers the guts ; hence
m<xbm fejcne, a rupture, or her-
nia.

Sejc/iejb, secret. — Luke, 12. 2.

Sejbe, delight, pleasure; also nice
or delicate.

Se;be<ib, a blast.

Sejbean, 5<x;n;iri y-e;bejn, quick-
sand.

Sejbjno, to blow or breathe upon ;
392

y;nte<xc,when he sounds the

trumpet long, or with a continued

blast.

Se;bte, blown, blasted.
Se) j, a hawk ; hence a champion

is sometimes called ye; j;on.
Sej jeo;/i, a falconer.
Se; jjon, a warrior or champion.
Se; jnean, or y<x;jnean j<xo;te, a

hurricane, a tempest ; fty jnean

is also lightning.
Se;lb, possession.
Se;lc;be, a snail.
Se;le, a spittle ; Gr. amAoe, Lat.

saliva; n; cojjl;b g<xba;t bo

ye;t;b;b <vm euban, they forbear

not spitting in my face.
Se;le<xc, a willow. A
Se;l-e<ibac, a handkerchief.
Se;lj, hunting ; also venison.
Se;l;r;be, a snail.
Se;l;g;m, to spit.
Sejlc, dropping; ye;lc c/i;<xta/i

n<x meald, the dropping of the

honeycomb.
Se;m and ye;n);b, single, simple,

of one sort.
Se;m, small, mean.
n, a duel.
apt, a chimney. \
Seine, elder ; ba ;-e;ne me ^a ;,

I was elder than her.
Sejne and ye;neacb, old age.
Se;n;yt;/t, corrupted from jre;njr-

t;^t, a window; Lat. fenestra.
Se;n;m, to sing, or singing; <xj .

ye;n;m <x^uy <xj b<xmy<v, singing

and dancing; also playing on

an instrument; eol<xc <x ye;nm,

skilled in playing.
Se;nf ;/te<xct, eldership, seniority ;

, antiquity.
Se;peal, a chapel.
Se;/ie, a meal of victuals; bo ;ta;b

bo

bo,

? e

s e

t<x;n bo <x;/t <xn ^e;^e fjn, Isaac
commanded Esau to hunt in the
mountain and bring him a meal,
and that he would also give him
his benediction for said repast.

— Z. B.
Se;/i, a heel.

Se;/tbe and ^e;;ibe<xcb, bitterness.
Se;ftb;/~e<xc, a servant.
Se;/ic;n, a coat, or jerkin.
Se;^b;n, the fish called pilchard.
Sej/ij, clover or trefoil.
Sej/tj and fejrtjl;, a consumption

or decay.

Se;^;c, silk, superfine silk; Lat.
serica.

, strong, able.
a silkworm.

c, an auxiliary, or help-
rid. ^<x6^^a.n<xc.

a girdle.

, strength, power.
pleasure, delight.
skill, knowledge.
a troop, a band, or company.
he sat.

, a tumult, noise, or bustle ;
•f jr<xb<x 6 fejffi baojne, na 6
po/tconj&j/i <xn popujll e, he is
remote from the tumults of men
and the murmurs of the people.

— L. B.

c, cheerful, pleasant, agree-
able.

, pleasure, sensuality.
Sejj-eab, the sixth.
Sejyean, he, he also, i. e. fc and
f)n, or rather )p e fjn, it is he ;
as e;pon is another writing of e

er

5, talk, discourse.

.. „ gen- reJr"5e> sedge, or bog-
reed ; Wei. hesk.
i;^;m, or ^e;^ea/i, six.

Se;fjm, to sit

Sejpun, or fjopon, a session, or
assizes.

Se;y^e<xc. a plough of six horses ;
i. e. r-e;y-ecL,n-e<xc; hence
393

ac jreA/iftu;nn, a plough-land.
Se;cce, a wife.

, a wife ; tug -cTb^am ^e;-
u;^meab clo;nne, Abram
gave wives to the first born. —
L.B.

Sejc and /~e;ce, a skin or hide.
Sejt/teac, the neighing of a horse,
or the braying of an ass; also
sneezing, or neesing ; te n«x jrej-

£/<4 r°Jun^b r°lur» ^y his

neesings a light doth shine. —
Job, 41. 18.

Seljbe, 7~e;l;be, or yejlmjbe, a
snail.

Seroeann, or ^-eamanna, small
nails.

Sen, a birding net.

Sene, a supper; Lat caena.

SenjjlbrtOt, venison ; rather wild-
boar-meat ; Gall, sanglier.

Seob, or ^-eub, a jewel ; plur. 7-6-
ojb.

Seobca, a treasury.

Seobcom/ta, a tomb, or grand mo-
nument.

Seol, a bed.

Seol, a sail ; c^tann /~eo;l, a mast.

Seol, a weaver's loom.

Se6l<xb, a steering, or directing, a
sailing.

Seolab, the first semimetre, or
leac^ann of a verse, consisting
of two quartans.

Seolajm, to teach or direct; <xg
/•eolab n<x n;lbeu^ildb, teaching
the various tongues or languages,
also to steer ; <x^ ^eolcib <x lojnj,
steering his ship; also to lead
or drive; bo ^eol <x j<xba;rt, he
drove his goats.

Seolbata, a goad, a staff or club
for driving cattle.

Seolca, digested, or set in order,
a chamber^ or closet;
no. cculajb, a vestry.
, a chamberlain.

Seono. r<xob<i, augury, sorcerj', or
druidism.

3D

Sepedl, a chapel.
<; Sector, a hart or stag.
Seuc, px reuc, distinctly, sepa-
rately ; d re 0/tJdn tu£ rlojnte

Brian Boiroimhe introduced dis-
tinct sirnames amongst the Irish
families.
Seub, a way or path ; ^eub f/t;be,

the path of a flesh-worm.
Seabed, a jewel-house, a cabinet

or repository of rareties.
Seunto,^, a stench.
SjrOftfidc, a perch.
Sj and re are, as I hav7e already

remarked, always indifferent.
Sgdb&jrte, robbery, rapine.
S^ab/idc, ^5<xb/t05, and

be, club-footed.
Sg<xbdn, a herring; hence the Eng-
lish shad.

Sgdbcw-jd/ib, the fish called ale-
wife.

, a bold hearty man.
, well-spirited, hearty.
Sg<xj<xm, to sort, to digest.
$$tyfWfif the stern of a ship.
Sjd/jjne&n, a winnowing-fan.
Sja;l, a flame ; also brightness.
Sjd/jtjn and rjojleo;;;, an umbrella,

a little dish or plate.
Sjdjltedrm, a billet, or cleft-
wood.

Sgajnjm^to chink or cleave.
Sg<vjpeu.b, dispersing.

o, to disperse, to scatter.

c, profuse or lavish.
, a smock,
a scorpion.

<x/^t ^5<x;^ite<xb, a bawling,
a bursting; <xg ^j<x;^ite<xb <x
c/to;be le jaj/tjbe, bursting his
sides with laughing.

t, a crier, or bawler.
, to shriek, or cry out.
Sgt, a shrieking, or loud noise, a
squall.

g<xl, a scorching;
sun-scorching.

394

are

, huts or cottages.

, to ring, or tingle.

c, stubble.
Sgdlb/tut, a fornicator.

m, to trouble or disturb.
b, a burning or singeing.
jm, to burn or singe.

, burned or singed.

, bare or bald.
j scales.

, a cloud ; pi. ^<xm<x;L ,-<

the lungs, whose diminut.

the lungs ; and

7, a phthisic or con-
sumption of the lungs; rgdm-

£dndn, the caul or kell which
covers the bowels.
£dnn, a membrane.
£dnnd}/ibua/itd, confused, con-
founded.

z;dO; j, a rout, a herd, or drove.
£dfib, rjdfibdn, and r^d^bjn, a
ford, a shelf, or shallow place ;
Lat. vadum.

), to wade.
,b, a pouring or sprinkling.

•;, a water-gun.
Sgdfibdtp, to sprinkle.
Sjd/tbdb, a separation, a digres-
sion, or excursion.
Sgdtd, a drove or multitude.
Sgatdcd.;? bo, a cow's tail.
Sgdtdcd/?, the secret parts of the
body.

>, a segment, a shred,
tdb, a bickering or skirmish.

or rcdj:d;/ie, a spruce
fellow.
Sgdtdjm, to shade.
Sgdtdm, to cut, or lop off; also to
shade.

tdm, a while, a short space;
;ubdjl rgdtdm, walk a while.
cldn, a booth, or shop,
sgdtirid;!, sharp.
Sgdtoj, the flower of horse-trefoil.

c, speckled; also sky-co-
loured.

c, wild mustard.
lan, a slice; also a kernel.

, to pluck or snatch, to
pinch. N. B. The American
word scalp is of the same.
Sjealpqg, a pinch.
Sgecxlpttx, snatched, taken away.
Sgeamc;ta;nn, the herb polypody.
Sgeamajm, to reproach.
Sjejlbedfitac, a tale-bearer.
Sgejl-t:e<xcr<X]fte, a tale-bearer.
, a skirmish.

, to bicker or skirmish.
, to skim or scum.

a, a scout.
, slight.

, to bounce or leap up, to
start ; bo f£ejnn f) u<x;nn, she
flew away from us.

swift, nimble.
Sjejt, rectius ^coc, the choice, or
better part of a thing.
n, a little bush.
nnT-ejj-, the disorder called
the quinsy.
Sjeor, i. e. ^cejtog, the hawthorn

bush.
Sgeun, astonishment, affright.

j, a hare; Wei. sky-
v or nog.

, a jeering, or derision.

l, scornful.
, to jeer or deride.
, ridiculous.

> gravel.

, quick, or soon.

, a small pebble.
, a shilling.
, a scout.
a j<xb, an excursion.

, a leap or skip.
<sj;ne<xb<xc, apt to start, skittish.

> a fl'ght.

, snatched away.
, active, busy.
, to slip, or stumble.
395

, slipt, or fallen.

and ^;o/inb/iO£, a slip-
per.

Sjjocal, ridiculous.
Sj;^t;/ie, talkative, jesting.
Sgjte, the fish called maiden-ray.
Sgjt, rest, weariness; also fear;
t>o lejreabaft <x fjj", they re-
freshed themselves; 5 an fjjz,
without rest or intermission;
lajce f^jie, holy days.

, rreary, tired, fatigiied ;

ce cjen c<i3<x;b, they
advance well, and are not fa-
tigued, although they come from
afar.— £. B.

, to rest or pause.
n, a draught-tree, or beam
of a wain.
Sjlamarn, to scold or wrangle.
Sgl<imo;be, a glutton.
Sjlaca, a slate or tile.
Sjljjeanac, speckled.
Sgobaltac, a piece, or morsel.
Sgojjnan, a fan.
Sjojlr, a cleft, or slit.

, cleaved or split.
, to cleave or split.
, the prime, or best.

a loud laughter.
Sjol, a scull, or great quantity of

fish.

Sgolbandc, a stripling, a youth.
Sjolbanta, thin, slender.
Sgotoj, an olive-tree.
Sjoloj, a husbandman. — Matt. 21.

or>

oo.

, a trifler, a whifler.
c, the same as j-gonaj/te.
, to blab out foolishly.
, a hasty word.
S 50/1, a stud of horses or mares.
SgOfiab, a lancing.
SgO;i<xm, to cut in pieces.
SgOftn and yjo^rxxc, the throat or

windpipe.

S^o^/7 ^-/tac^dc, the pin or peg of
a straddle, or car-saddle.

SgO;tc<xjt5e, the epiglottis, or flap
of the weasand, or gullet.
itAndc, a stripling.
, a shot, or reckoning.
a son.

c and y-£fiab<xn<xc, rough,
rugged ; also scarce, rare.
/icibam, to wipe oft'.
jKXgatl, gold foil, a thin leaf, or
ray of gold, silver, &c., a span-

a hand-saw.

and ^g/uvjceog, a turf, or
green sod.
Sg/ieab'd. bata;/~, the fees for bap-

tism.

Sjfie<xb<xl, an annual tribute con-
sisting of three pence enjoined
on every inhabitant of Munster
by their King Aongus, son of
Nadfry, to be paid to St. Pa-
trick; also a favour or present
given by new married people.
> Sg;te<xc, a moan, or screeching.
^eoicAm, to make a noise, to
screech, or whoop.

tab, a jocose bantering.
, a noise, or bawling out
suddenly.

fteabcx^m, to make a noise, to
squeal.

g/ieabaj/te, a crier, a bawler.
g/ieag&n, rocky ground ;
idem.

oi/i and
rocky.

, destruction.
, writing ; Wei. ysgrlveny.

, notes, comments.

v Sjfijn, a shrine, or repository of
holy relics; Lat. scrinium; bo
6/tba urn <xn cceoinn
aj^te, O£Uf bo cu;/t
<x;pi, he made a golden
shrine or repository for the head
of John the Baptist, and then
locked it up. — L. B.

, a graving tool.
and y-j/idbam, to scrape,
396

to scratch ; also to write, to en-
grave ; Lat. scribo.

i, the Scripture,
a scruple. .<

rubbish,
an old man.

and T<\t<xn r"cnut<xc, the
'itch.

Sj/iucac, lean, meagre.

Sju<xjbt;n, a drag, or sweep-net.

Sjuajne, a swarm or crowd of any
sort of animals ; when spoken of
men, it is a word of contempt.

S^u;be^, an esquire.

Sju;Ue, a scullion.

a shirt or smock. X
, to cease or desist from
acting or working.

i, whose diminutives are fQi-
log and fgaljn, a withered old
man; has an affinity with the
Gr. verb o-KtXAw, arefacio, to
wither or dry up.

Scuma/ib, fat, good plight in man
or beast ; vid. yce^ma^b.

Sgutaj j, a stepping.

SJ, her, she, i. e. )f j, or ; y-o;
Wei. hi.

Sja, far off, the utmost or remotest
from you; <xjt buj~ pa jn C;-
}\]T\J], the farthest oft' place in
Ireland.

SJtxbfici, a fairy, hobgoblin, or
imaginary being.

S;<xct, he came ; ^actaba/t, they
came.

S;<xb, they, it is they, themselves ;
i.^e. jp ;<xb.

S;aba;l, sloth, sluggishness.

S;abar>, confused, topsy turvy, with-
out order.

S;<xn, a voice or sound, -v

S;an<x^be, one that cries out, a
bawler.

S;<m<xjbe<xctr, a yelling.

S;<xnmeb, an accent.

•S;<xn^cv, harmony, mournful me-
lody ; also pleasure.

c, doleful ; also melodious.

S J

backwards, beliind ; vid.
bea;-.

SJap, the west ; leat fjap, west-
ward. America is called tin
Leat Sb;a»i, because it compre-
hends the one-half of the globe,
and lies westward of the meridian
of Ireland.

Sjajra;^, he sat; fjaf4.jp pijbe
eojn an <\}tt ; Lat. sedebat ses-
sionem alitis in alto. — Vid. Fit.
S. Brigid.

S;at, a tumour or swelling.

S;atra;m, to puffer swell up.

S;b, ye, you, i. e. ;b-^e ; eatftunya
a5ur n^re' between me and
you.

S;Bealta, civil.

, dry ; Lat. fjccuf ; fjc-feap,
hay, i. e. dry grass.

Sjbeab and fj je, a blast ; fj'&e-
jao;te or T~; je- jaot, a blasting
wind.

S;bean jaojte, a whirlwind.

Sjbeanj, int'amy.

S;bj j;m, to prove.

S;b;uccan, a reed or cane.

S; je, a fairy or hobgoblin ; lean-
nan fj'&e, a familiar spirit ; r*;j
gaojte, a whirlwind, so called
because supposed to be raised
by the fairies.

S; j-b^og, a fairy house, or the ha-
bitation of the fairies.

S;i;n, a sign or token ; pi. fj jne ;
Lat. si git um.

S; jjn; jjm, to mark, or sign ; Lat.
signo.

Sjsjft, silk.

Sj^j^ieun, a silkworm.
- S;jle, a seal ; Lat. si gill um.

Sjjneab, a signet.

Sjgneab, a signing, or marking.
S; jne; jte, signed or marked.

Sjleab, a dropping ; also a spittle,
or any corrupt matter; also a
looking down, or seeing ; pleab
no. ful, the twinkling of an eye.
S;l;m, to think, to suppose, or con-
397

jecture.

S;l;m and fjo\o.jm, to sow ; ag fji
<x bj:ea/ta;nn, sowing their lands.

S;t;m, to drop or distil ; bo plea-
ba/t na neama, the heavens
dropped; 7~;lj:;b mo jlo/t nxx/t
bftucc, my voice shall distil as
dew. — Cant. Moys.

$>jlfj-£jm, to shine.

Sjtt, a spittle ; also an issue; c/te-
acba/i 7~jtt> a running issue ;
also a drop.

S;tn;teaft, a chimney; fjmne,idem; -^~
a^ an ^*;mne, out of the chim-
ney.

Sjmontacb, simony.

Sjmpljbe, simple, mean, plain.

Sjmpl;beact:, simplicity.

S;n, that, there; maft^*;n,so,thus; —
an fjn, then, there, m that place ;
an can fjn, then, at that tune ;
V»*el. hyn.

S>jn and ^*;on, the weather ; some-
times put for snow.

Sjn, round.

SJne, weather; generally under-
stood for bad weather.

S;ne, a woman's breast, a dug or *
teat.

S;ne, the elder, eldest ; from y-ean.
old.

S;neac, a wen.

S;neab, a stretching or extend^

S;neab, from fejnjm, to sound ;

he sounded his trumpet thrice.
S;neam peaba, a yew-tree.
Sjnjjl, single.
Sjn;no, to stretch ; bo fjn fe, he

stretched.

Sjnm, a song or tune.
•S;n;olac, a nightingale.
S;n;n, the diminut. oi'fjne, a nip-

ple.

S;nn, us, we, i. e. fO-jnn.
S;nneac and ^;onnac, a fox; Heb.

, an elder ; on f)nf)0j\

55

S 1

an fojfjOj\} from the eldest to
the youngest ; this seems to be
a compound of fjne and jrea/t,
or jr;;i ; no. fjrtfji\, the elders ;
also a chief or head of a family.
It likewise signifies the stock of
any lineage; ex. f]nf)0j\ clajnne
00;te<xb, the eldest of the stock
of the Milesian race.
fi, a yew-tree.
i, the presbytery.

, eldership or seniority;
also chieftainship, superiority,
or supremacy ; ex. pnp/teact-
peay '6;ge, supremacy of power
and command in regal or prince-
ly succession by right of the el-
dest beard, i. e. by right of se-
niority, according to the Tha-
nistic law ; nj bj:u;l pnp/ieact
<\gut Oftumf<x, you have no supe-
riority over me.

SJnte, stretched; le Ictjm fjnte,
with a stretched-out hand.

S;ob<xt and pcb<x;b, a scallion, an
onion.

l, a thorn, a pin.
, rage, madness.
c, furious, frantic.

S;oc and pocan, frost; poc IJat,
a hoar frost; genit. yeaca.

S;oc<v;gte, dried up, frozen ; also
obdurate.

/Sjoc<v;m, to dry up, to grow hard,
to freeze; Lat. sicco, to dry;
Gr. TTO-EKW, arefacio.
S;ocd.n, hoar-frost.

a motive or reason for

doing a thing; also a natural

cause, an occasion.
• SJoba, silk.

S;Ob<xirK\jl, of silk or satin.
SJobccxn, an atonement.
S;obl<imn<x;ro, to leap or bound.
$;0j, a long-squared rick of corn ;

diminut. pogog.
S;oj, a streak ; poga bana jy be-

<x^tj<i, white and red streaks.
S;oj<xc and y-;or<xm<x;l, streaked.
398

, a hissing whisper ;

rectius po^u/tncuc.
SJol, seed, an issue, a tribe or

clan.

S;ota;m, to sow seed.
S;ol<x/tn<xc, snoring or snorting.
S;ola^ca^ and potcyrfi<xc, a flag

or sedge, wild flower de luce.
S)ordftu;^-ne<xc, a nursery.
S;olbu/t, or yjolma/i, bearing seed.
S;olcu^, sowing; bo f-jolcujp. f&

] te pxlann, he sowed it with

salt ; txjmo/i <xn t^olcu;^, seed

or sowing time.

Sjolcufitoi, sown or planted.

SJol jrlag^a, the running of the
reins.

3;ol£<xn), to pick and choose.

S;oll<x, a syllable.

SjoUajfieam, the scanning of a
verse, which in Irish partly con-
sists in the due proportion of
syllables.

S;ollam, to strike or smite.

S;oltpiu;n, a diaeresis.

SJotiTKX/t, fruitful; compar.
ma;/ie.

S;ol;<i<xb, a stock or breed, an off-
spring; <x 7~Jotfi<xb, his offspring;

ram of the breed of Basan.

S;olta jan, a strainer.

SJolt/ieab, a family.

S;olc^"ujtea^", the running of the
eyes.

Sjom, them ; the same as

Sjombajl, a cymbal. X

S;on, i. e. ;b, a chain, a tie, or jf
bond.

S Jon, Mount Sion, or the Heavenly
Sion.

SJon, any weather either good or
bad ; hence f-opjon or fOjnean,
i. e. fOjn-fJQn, good or happy
weather; from p)n, happy or
good, and fjon, weather ; as
also bo;ne<xn, or bo;n;on, bad or

. unfavourable weather; a com-
pound of three simple words.

S

S 1

i. e. of the negative bo, which
answers to the English negative
•un, of fOn, happy or good, and
fjon, weather; so that bojnjon
is a corrupt contraction of bo-
Y~on-j~jon. Thus also bonu^,
misfortune or unhappiness, is a
contraction of "QO-fOnuf.

Sjona, delay.

S;onan, genit. Sjonno., the Shan-
non, which is the principal river
of Ireland, as long and as large
as any in England, and as large
as any in France.

Sjon/to.bo.6, single.

S;onn<xb, a reproof.

S;onra, a censor.

SJo;i, continual ; jo fjop, conti-
nually, always; hence fjoppuj-
be, eternal.

S;0;to.;teo.rtrt0.c, variable, incon-
stant.

SjOftbo.), thievery, theft.

SJo^bto^j<xb, a rustling or rattling
noise.

.o;leo.b, the same.
I, a circle.

S;onc<x;nte<x6, a babbler; <xma-
ban po/tc<x;nte<xc, a prating
fool.

>, to turn to and again.
i, a great favour, or present.
S;0fibo, or 7-JOftftoJbe, everlasting ;
50 j-;qrtfi<i;be, for ever.

S;o/tba;be, perpetual.

perpetuity, eternity. Query, it'
this word may not be written
pon-rt^eact; with more pro-
priety ? i. e. a constant or perpe-
tual reign; for we say, beaca
irjOft, or 7"jOribe<xc<x, to mean
life everlasting; but both wri-
tings may be proper ; for fJQ^
and j~jOj\i)<3i signify constant or
perpetual, and from thence
bo.bo.ct, signifies perpetuity.

i, to eternize,
ipu; jljm, to condole.
399

handle.

O/'jna

much.

.. to grip, or rough
, to use often or

, long-handed ; also one
that hath his hands always em-
ployed.

S;0rtob, sparing, frugal.
S;o^o^-ba;m, to gape or yawn fre-

quently.

Sjon/i and pOftnatac, broom-rape.
an, good news, or happy ti-
dings; as bjOrtpin, i.e. boj^jOft-
j~an, is bad news. These words
are more commonly written bu/t-
and funfan.

, slow or tedious.
, to linger or loiter.
, an executioner.
! S;0fttr<xm, to smite.
, ^Jontra, begged, entreated, re-
quested.

, a beggar, a petitioner.
, a slut

, a request.

, down, below; fjOf
topsy turvy, up and down.
, a court or parliament.

-, a schism or division ; also
a private conference, or whisper-
ing.
SjOpT}0.)/te, a schismatic, or private

whisperer:

i Sjora, a pet, or ill-bred child.
Sjotajbe, a trifle, a jot.
•S;ot, or fjt, quietness.
I Sjotb<xlrta;b, having long limbs.
I S)otBol^-a;^te, a herald proclaim-

ing peace.

Sjocbuan, perpetual.
peace.
, peaceable, pacific ; TO

^•j6trco.nta, in peace, peaceably.
S)occ6mo.jbe, a constable.
S;oc lo.;te, peaceable days.
Sjocto.n, a strainer or filter, a cul-

lander ; also a sack.
S;otlob, peace, or the making a

peace.

S J

S;otlo j<xm, to strain or filter.

S>jf\, or fJOfi, in compound words
signifies continual ; as fjop-ujf-
ge, constant rain ; yj/i /"jit, con-
tinual dropping.

S;/tcle<xcba;m, to exercise, to use
much or often.

S;/ib;ola;m, to sell much, or fre-
quently.

S_7fib;ob<x;/ie, a vain tattler.

S;/ie<xm, a disease.

S;/ieb;m, to be always handling.

S;/t;m, to seek or inquire after;
bo ^-^eabtx/t e, they sought him
out; noc bo p/i bo bfy-, who
sought thy death ; also to pray,
beg, or beseech; as, fjpjff) <xj;i
)0f& Cpjoft bo c/ioc<xb <X]ft
cpujf, I beseech Jesus Christ,
who suffered on the cross ; £;be
le fjoptap <v;^ce, whoever begs
grace or mercy ; also to search ;
ex. bo fWi pab pxc/A<x;je
Ohen;<im;n, they searched the
bags of Benjamin. — L. B.

S;ft;omcfta;m, to bear often.

S;/i/t;aro, a sheriff. — Luke, 12. 8.

S;^;ie<xct:, poor, lean.

i>;fit, a little ; paitlulum.

a time, a while ; ta;n;j ba
;<iab Ajur bo b^ <x;je yj^t
tr<xb<x, i. e. he came in search of
nim, and remained at his house
for a considerable time.

l, a cistern ; also aflaxcomb.
whist !

S;t5ecxc, civil, of the city.

S}te;/injr>, a small cittern.

S;teoj, nice, effeminate.

S;t, peace, reconciliation, rest.

S;tbe, continual, perpetual.

S)tbe, a rod.

Sjtbe, a general.
A S;tbe, a city.

S;tbe;n, a fort, a turret.

S;tbeo, lasting, perennial; fJOC-
bu<xn, the same.

Sjt jljoca^, policy, cunning.

SJtb/ij/recnc, a rebel, rebellious.
400

c-b/tog, the same as
from fjr, a fairy, and b/iOj, a
house; hence bean-^Jje, plur. '
-p je, she-fairies or women- ,

fairies, credulously supposed by
the common people to be so af-
fected to certain families, that
they are heard to sing mournful
lamentations about their houses
by night, whenever any of the
family labours under a sickness
which is to end by death. But
no families which are not of an
ancient and noble stock, are be-
lieved to be honoured with this
fairy privilege : pertinent to
which notion a very humorous
quartan is set down in an Irish
elegy on the death of one of the
knights of Kerry, importing that
when the fairy-woman of the
family was heard to lament his
death at Dingle, (a sea-port
town, the property of those
knights,) every one of the mer-
chants was alarmed lest the
mournful cry should be a fore-
warning of his own death. But
the poet assures them in a very
humorous manner, that they may
make themselves very easy on
that occasion. The Irish words
will explain the rest: -cTn f&

b/i6/i- jot : bo j<xc e<xga cecxn-
nir/bte <xn cno^a^cc : n<x btaob
£e;n n;/i baojal bojbpn: n]
caojn;b mna-p je <xn fo^tt f<M.

S;cce<xngl<X)m, to confederate.

Sjcbtiujm, an old name of Cashel.

Sjteal, a cup, or drinking-bowl.

S;teal, a body ; jro/t poctAjb, up-
on bodies.

S;t|n;b;m, to reconcile.

S;tjrj^, strong men.

Sjt^-etx^c, constant affection.

S;t;m, a sequel, or consequence.

$;t;no, to pacify or appease.

S;t/ie<xc, the neighing of a horse,

s i

£ I

or braying of an ass ; j-ejrneac,
idem,

S;r;t; j;m, to bray or neigh.

S;u, before that, before ; f£ujn
bon po;nceabal j-jn, ol ^e, <xju^
be;n ;o'bb<xj>tt ban nbejtjb, ^;a
;t6 pjantan tu, forsake that
(Christian) doctrine, and offer
incense to our nods, before you
are punished. — L. B.

S;u, here ; yja a%uf call, here
and there, to and fro.

S;ubal, a going or walking.

Sjulbalbac, or j:e<xn j-jubajl, a
stroller, or way-faring man.

Sjublajm, to walk.

uc, dry, parched up ; Gr. ~^ii\^,
sicco, also frost ; Cantab, sirtr,
dry.

S;ucna, sugar.

S;u;n, the river Suire in the County
of Tipperary.

Sjulb;te, i. e. ^o;lb»te, cheerful-
ness.

Sjunpx, sense.

Sjurt, a sister ; Gall, sceur ; it is
commonly used to mean a kins-
woman ; Cor. hiiyr, and Monta-
nice. sywr, Lat. soror.

$}imbanab, a rattling, or making a
noise.

SjupXfinab, a whispering.

S;utarwa;~, a wandering or stroll-
ing-'

Stab /i a and ^lab^ab, a chain, a
cord ; boba;;t ^labnab, of chain
work.

Slab, theft.

Slabab, thievery, robbery.

Slaba; je, a robber, or knave.

Slabam, to rob or steal, to spoil.

Slabmanbam, to murder and rob
on the highway.

Slabmanbcojft, a murdering rob-
ber.

Slabiri6;;t, a thief, or robber.

Slabmojfteacb, robbery.

•Slabte, robbed, stripped,
it, a thief, a robber.
40!

Slabujjeact:, or ;-labmo;;teact,
robbery.

Slajb, mire on the sea-strand, or
river's bank.

Sla;b/te, a purchase.

Slajb, theft.

Slaj je, slaughter. ^<

Slaj jbean. a cough or cold.

Mla7 j;m, to slay or kill ; ex. <xj
7"laj;j;e na ^luaj, slaying or
slaughtering the army. All of
the German-Celtic.

Sla; jne, a sword or cimeter.

Sla;nce, health ; also salvation.

Slajnteamajl, healthy.

Slajc and ;-lar»ta, strong, robust.

Slam, a lock, or flock ; j-lama olla,
locks of wool.

Slama;m, to draw and card wool.

Slaman and ^leaman, an elm-
tree.

Slan, healthy, sound of body, safe ;
;"lan leat, and ^-lan l;b, fare you
well.

Sla/i, a defiance or challenge ; ta-
ba;^ mo ;Han pa J/-;tael, defy
me Israel, J\'um. 23. 7 ; bejH-jmfc
bubjrlan floj r J^^ael pum a
n;uj, I defy the host of Israel
this day.— 1 Sam. 17. 10.

Slanajbeacb, a passport.

Slana;j;m, to heal, to cure, to
save; ;"la;neQcajb f& a pobal
ona bpeaca;bjb, he shall save
his people from their sins.

Slanajjceoj/t, a Saviour; also u
healer, peculiarly applied to out-
Saviour Jesus, because he healed
the wounds of our sins, and pur-
chased us eternal salvation.

Slanlu/*, the herb ribwort.

Salnu jab, a curing or healing ;
also salvation ; ^lanu jab an cjne
baonna, the salvation of man-
kind.

Slaob, a raft or float; na
bu;b, in floats.

Slaob, laughter.

. to draw -Jl-sr, to slide.

55

Slaoban, or j-tajjbean, a cough or
cold.

Slaobftac, a hinge.

Slapa/t, a skirt, or the trail of a
king or nobleman's robe ; hence
the nick-name of a king of
Munster of the O'Brien race in
the beginning of the 12th cen-
tury, called Concujt Slapa/i -^a-
lac, from his regal robes being
often spattered with mortar by
mounting on the scaffolds of
masons in building his churches.

Slapa/iac, having long skirts.

Slapaj/te, a sloven.

Slapog, a slut, or dirty woman.

Slay, killing or slaughtering.

$la^-a;beacb, private grudge.

5>lat, a rod, a yard ; flat /i;oja, a
sceptre.

£latb/io;b, a goad.

•Sleacb, a tribe or generation ;
fteacba Cojajn, the tribe de-
scended from Owen ; otherwise
fljoct, a race or progeny ; gen
fieacba, or ^ leacta, an heir of
one's own issue.

Sleacb-cpjirine, a monument.

Sleacbab, a lancing, cutting, or
scarifying.

Sleacbab, a bowing down, or wor-
shipping.

SUeacbam, to kneel down, to bow
down, to fall down or worship ;
5 na;i f-leacb bo Obaal, that
bowed not unto Baal ; bo ^te<xcb
jca na co^-ujb, he fell at his feet;
noa 7~teacban tu barn, if thou
wilt fall down to me, or adore

me.

Sleacban, a kneeling.
Ste<xcta;n, adoration.
Sleactam, to cut or dissect.
Sled j, a spear or lance.
Sle<xj<xn, an iron instrument used
to dig up turf, resembling a
spade.

smooth, slippery.
?, or leciman, an elm-tree.
402

smoothness, slipperi-
ness; ca/t^ia^leamnajn, a sledge.

Sleamn; j;m, to slip or slide ;
^lejmneoca fG, he shall slide;
7"leamnu;jeaba/t a co^-a, his
feet slipped.

Sleamrm jab, a sliding or slipping;
/-teamnu jab ta/t a;/-, apostacy.

Sleamu^n, plain, smooth, slippery;
flj jte ^leamna, slippery ways.

Sleancac, a flake ; ^-leantac <x
peola, the flakes of his flesh.

Stea/", a mark or sign ; also a
side ; also a ridge ; vid. fljOf.

Ste;bte, the plur. of ^t;ab, qd.
vid.

Sle;te, a section or division.

•Slece, cutting, or striking.

•Sljab, a mountain ; also any heath-
land, whether mountain or plain;
mullu; je na ^tejbte, the tops of
the mountains; bo polcab na
;~le;bte, the mountains were co-
vered ; genit. ^lejb and ^lejbe ;
^;n an ^-le;be, the top of the
mountain.

Stjactab, to pierce through.

Sl;a^ and flj^f <xb, the thigh, or
the inner part of the thigh ; jo
nu;je na ^tja^ba, to the thigh,
also the loin; a/t a /-l;a/*bu;b,
upon his loins.

Sl;gean, or^l;ojan, a shell.

Sl;jeanac, sky-coloured ; also
spotted.

Sljje, a way, a road; fljje <\n
CJa/ina, the way of the Lord ;
j:ea/t flj je, a traveller, a way-
faring man ; pi. ytjjce, flj gte
^•leamna, slippery ways.

St; jeb/ieac, indifFerency.

Slj jteac, sly, artful.

Sl;jteabo;/teacb, the practice of
stratagems.

St;jteo/iacb, ctaftiness.

Sl;nn, a tile, or flat stone; fljnn
pjbeabo/ia, a weaver's stay or
tackling.

and fljnneun, a shoulder;

S L

;-ajteaba;/t le raob agu^ le
fljnne&n, ye have thrust with
side and shoulder.

Sljobaro, to polish.

Sl;ob;tab, a draught.

Sl;obta, sharp-pointed.

.Sljoc'b, seed, offspring, a tribe,
descendants, posterity ; ba fij-
Octr, of his descendants ; and ba
fljoct, two families.

Sljoctr, a track or impression ;
fljoct) a coj-a, vestigia pedum
ejus.

i tjoct, a troop or company ; a
rout, or multitude.

Sljoncam, to beat.

Sl;(ty-, a side ; plur. ;'t;o^ajb and
jdea^ajb ; ^lea^, the same ;
fljQf buta;j, the side, or a
ridge of a country.

SI;/- and 7"l;;-e6£, a little thin
board, a lath.

£l;;~cejmnju jab, a digression.

Sl;p7eac, chips; jdjpieaca ab-
majb, chips of timber.

Sljubacac and fljubacaflac, honi-
ed.

Slju jteab, a stratagem.

Sloe fjne, a flake of snow.

Slob and ^-loban, standing water.

Slojbe, a section or division.

Slo; jte. beaten ; as boba;/t ^l<x; j-
te, of beaten work.

Slo; j/ieab, a sword.

Slo;nne, asirname; plur. ^to;ntre.

Slo;nnjm, to give a sirname ; flojn-
p;b ^-e, he shall sirname; bo
;-to;nneo.b e, he was called ;
also to tell, repeat, or recount ;
no ^lo)nnpo.b bo no. ro/-rd pel
na tranro.b(X;t, they explained
to him the reason of their com-
ing; fiojnn bujnn u. no;jedba
<xju^ <x nanmanna, relate to us
their deaths and their names.

ibaj, an army; also any multi-
tude of people ; yluaj ;m;^cjb,
a marching army; Lat. agmen;
l)lur. fluAj jte. " This word has
403

S ft

a plain affinity with the Anglo-

Sax. slaughter.
Stu<x;je<xcb, an expedition.
StuO|-<xb and ;-tua;-jab, a shovel

or instrument used in throwing

up clay or rubbish.
Sluc<xm, to stifle, to overwhelm.
' Slubac and ^luba.cu.0, a horn.
! SlubrtO.;je, or ^l<xob;t<xc, a foun-

dation; j-lub/ttvjie na caiman,

the foundation of the earth.
Slujaj/te, a glutton, or spend-

thrift.
Slujam, to swallow, to devour ; bo

j-luj jan calam Jab, the earth

swallowed them ; fUiJJp^ea.-t

;ab, they shall be devoured.

and j-luj-poll, a whu-1-

pool.

Stu;nn, a telling or declaring.
Slity-am, to dissemble, or counter-

feit.
Sroacb, reproof, correction; pio;

pnacb, overawed, under disci-

pline.
Smacba and pnacbajite, tame,

gentle, corrected, or cliastised.
Smacbam and ^-macba; jjm, to cor-

rect ; j-macbocujb me, I will cor-

rect.
Smacbajab, chastisement, correc-

tion.

Smactab, id. qd. ymacba jab.
Smactrban, a penal law, a penalty.
Smactlonj, a house of correction.
Smaban, or ^maba/), smut, or soot, f
Mmabanac, smutted.
Smatan, a hillock; rather maton,

the diminut. of mala, a brow of

a hill.
Smao^/tac and

tilage or gristle ;
, a nostril.
l cno, the husk of a nut ;

rather mogal-

Smaolac, or ^-molac, a thrush.
Sma/taj, an emerald.
Smeacab, a palpitation, or pant-

in?.

a car-

s nfl

mid pnejcc, the chin ;
licnce the dimin. pmejjjn, idem.
Smeotc, a nick, a fillip.
Smea/t, grease or tallow ; genit.

, a greasing or unction.
, to grease or anoint.
or pmea/t/itxct, greas-

n.

<
ntd, besmeared, or daubed

with grease, oil, or tallow.
Srnea/itdcan, a kitchen brat, or

lickplate.

Sme;b, a nod, or wink.
Smejbeab, a nodding, or winking ;

also a hissing.
.Sinejbjm, to nod or beckon, to

wink ; also to hiss ;

1"Q, he shall hiss. — /s\ 7. 18.
Sroe;j, and dimin. pnejgjn, the

chin.

£tr)e;;ine, a spit or broach.
Smeu/t, blackberry, or bramble-

berry; Lat. nwrum rubi, Gr.

Smjjecibac, a chin-cloth.

Cm;o/t, marrow ; also strength ; as,

njl pn;o/t <xnn,he has no strength,

a figurative expression.
^iDjOtr, an ear.
S no jot, a small portion of any

thing.

, of or belonging to the ear.
, to smite.
n, dimin. oi'fmjfte, a short

thick stick.
Smojgteab, dirt, smut.
Smol, the snuff of a candle; also a

coal or ember ; pYiol bea?ig, or

^•molcxc bea/ij, a live coal.
Smolcxban, or ^molab6;/i, a pair of

sn nft'ers.

Smol jlcuitoj/i, a pair of snuft'ers.
Smotixn, a block or log, a stock;

a£ <x ;'motanu;li, at their stocks.
Stnutxjneab, a thought or reflection.
Smu<xjn;m, to think, to imagine, or

devise ; pnudjn Ontn/-<x, think of

rnc.

404

, meditation.
Smu;z;, a snot; ^murcx, idem.
SmugcxJ^l, nose-phlegm.
Smug<x;nn, to blow the nose.
Smu;b, vapour, smoke.
Smu;beam<x;l, smoky.
Snou;b;tn, to smoke or exhale.
Smujgeab, filth, dirt, &c.
Smujjeabac, a handkerchief.
Smu;nt; jjm, to imagine or design.
Smu;t, a beak or snout.
Smut<xc, short-snouted.
Smutan, a block or log ; r*W.

pnotan.
Sncv. or ^nam, swimming or float-

• ing; /to ^na, he swam.
Snab, a sup.

>, protection, defence.

an appellation or
naming; an appeal.
i£, the yexing or hicknp.

1, a stammering.
Snaj<x;/tba/i<x, a kind of fowl ;

some think it the woodpecker.
Snajlab/ttvjm, to stammer or hesi-
tate in speech.

Snajbnn, a knot ; also a difficulty.
Sna;b;m, to protect or defend, to
patronize ; ;<x/t lujbe /ton piajbe
^lu<xj<x, post obitiim patrocirta-
ft/r tutdtitudini. — Brog. in Vit.
Brigid. ; /ton ^na;bat <x
;t^e, protegant noft sancta:
preces.

Sna;jedc, creeping.
Sna; jbeo/nxcb, chipping.
Sna; j;m, to creep or crawl.
Sna;iD;<x^, a rout, a multitude,
^ncim, swimming ; ^natrxxb, idem.
' \, creeping or crawling.

to swim or float ; bo
IT) un t;a/icvn, the iron swam,
also to creep ; £<xc n;b fn&maf,
every thing that crcepeth.
Snam-luut, swift in swimming.
>'naiT)ujj;l, floating.
I, a bier.

•, decency, elegance; also a
colour.

S 0

0

t, neat, elegant,
i, brave, gallant.

Snat, a thread, a line ; genit.
/-najte; bo/t pnajte, of \vrought
gold.
Snata, an easing or riddance of

pain, grief, or any trouble.
Snatab, a needle ; oba;/t fn&-
tajbe, needle-work ; Scot. snad.
Snata;in, to sup.
Sneacb,snow; cloc-^neacba, hail,

or hail-stone.
Sne;b, straight, direct.
Sne;b, little, small.
Sne;b, sadness, sorrow, vexation.
^, a nit; genit. j-njje, plur
or

Sn;g, or pneab, to stretch or ex-
tend.

Sn;b;m, to distil or drop.

Sn; jteac, creeping.

Snjom, sadness, heaviness.

Sn;oma, a spindle.

Snjomam, to spin.

Sn;^-;ob, he engaged or encoun-
tered.
>, Snjfjn, snuff.

Uno, the visage or appearance of a ;
person or thing.

Sno;je<ibOj/t, a hewer; ^no;je<x- !
bo;/t cloc, a stone-cutter.

Sno; j^m, to hew or chip.

Sno; jte, hewn ; bo clocu;b
te, of hewn stone.
, a river or brook.
, the hair of the head ; g;b

<x 7"nu<xb, though his hair '
be long.

, the air of a man's counte-
nance.

Snuoibatn, to flow or stream.

Snudb cltx;^", the channel of a ri- '<
ver; Lat. alien*.

So, this, this here; <x^ man yo, it
is thus; 50 tt; ^o, hitherto, j
heretofore ; an ^o aju^* an /~ub,
here and there; like the He-
brew defective pronoun V, hoc.
if I ud; vid. re, -v
405

So, this is; ex. ;-o cvr» fea/t, this is
the man, or here is the man.

So, in compound words signifies
goodness, or an aptness or fa-
cility in doing ; ex. 7"0;-be<xl6ac,
well-featured ; fOj-beaf&c, well-
bred ; ^otraoj-ja, exnaustible ;
^opa;c^-;ona, visible; ^o-tujg-
fjona, intelligible ; ^oj-beanctx,
feasible ; bo implies the con-
trary ; rid. bo.

So, young ; hence fdjfjOp, the
ouner or youngest.
, easy.

Soab, a bed.

So<xb and ^ob, an eclipsing.

SoabtJa/Ki; jeacb, towardnes*.

So<x;lce, a good fashion.

Soa;nme, vegetable.

Soatt:, a good leap. A~

Soa^", experience.

Soba, sorrel.

Sob<x-c^<xob, rosberries.

Soba-calman, strawberries.

Sob<xlab, or j-o'Jtvjl, a fragrancy, or

sweet scent.

Sobtxlranacb, a fragrancy.
So-bl<x/"ba, savoury.
Sobojtci, moveable, pliable.
Soc, the pointed end of any thing,

or any pointed thing, as a nose ;

7*oc mu;ce, a pig's nose or snout,
Soc, a ploughshare; a beak or

snout.
Soca;/i, safe, easy, secure; also

plain, smooth ; Lat. sec urns ;

negat. boc<v;;i, i. e.

difficult.

Soco.mo.1, rest, ease.
Socamlac, easy ; trm/t

^•ocamlac bu;cre, so shall it be

easier for thyself.— E.rod. 18. 22.

boc<xml<xc is the opposite, i. e.

Socan and j-ojcjn, the diminut. of

fOC.

Soc<xjb and ;-ocu;be, an army, a
host, or multitude.

t, profit^ emolument ;

S 0

S 0

ntv bjrea/xann, the fruit of the
land ; negat. bocdft, i. e. bo-^o-
ca/i.
iio6<x/i<xc, yielding profit or fruit.

, handy, manageable.
, fame, reputation, renown.

, parted or divided.
Socl<xoclo;b, easy to be changed,
convertible.

, towardness.
b, convertible.
•, a learned man.

, conformable.
So-com/uvjb, affable.
Socorotobd. and ^ocomtao;, con-
vertible.

tub, cheapness,
and ^oc/iar, ease, tranquil-
lity.

;iu j<xb, a quieting or assuaging,
comfort.

, a multitude of people ;
mostly applied in these days to
a funeral ; but anciently it meant
an army, a troop.

for

ood

friends.

£oc/to;be<xc, kind, good-natured.

Soc/iujbjm, to assuage or mitigate,
to quiet, calm, or appease.

Socujbe, a number or multitude ;
an assembly of people.

Socul, ease, tranquillity.

£ob<xt, proud ; potius yotal.

Soba/t, trotting ; <x t<x <x
<xjft ^-ob<x/i, his horse trots.

Soba;ta;m, to trot.

Soba/inac, able to trot, strong and
sound for marching.

Sobfyttojft, a trotter.

.Sob, a turning or winding; also
changing ; Loc peabdjl bo ^*ob
tx bpujl, Lough Foyle (in the
County of Londonderry^ was
turned into blood ; <x/t j-ob jrle-
;^je G0b<xo;^-e C\ n<x;c;/t njme,
when Moses' rod had been
changed into a serpent. — L. B.
, still, quiet.
406

SoS<xm, to turn.

Soban, prosperous, happy.

Soboj/tte, apt to pour out, too free

in talking.

, that may be easily shut.
Sobom<xc, a sodomite.
Sob/iac, a trotting.
Sob/idjno, to trot.
So-^a;^-, vegetative, apt to grow.
So-pa;;z^e<xc and ^-

visible, apparent.
Soj:a/i, strong, stout.
S6j, prosperity, and dn-^oj, ad-

versity ; also good cheer.
S6j<xc and ^ojama;t, cheerful,

prosperous.

So-jlacajjt-e, acceptable, agree-
able ; ex. mpao;^;b;n bo be;c
/*ojlaca;jt:e <xj<xb <x Cb;tx/^na,
my confession to be acceptable
in your presence, O Lord.
So jluajftre, moveable ; j:e;lt:e fO-
jlua;^te, moveable feasts ; also
current, passable.

e, tractable; also wa-
verng.

, fair, comely.
-ea/", comeliness, beauty.
o- jftabdc, acceptable.
So- j;ta;bjm, to love exceedingly.
So;b, the hand.

So;6, for ^-o, used in compounds ;
as,

, well-bred.
or ^oj^-jecxl, the Gos-
pel ; literally, good or happy
news ; Gr. evavyeXtov, which
literally means bonus, vel pros-
partis nuncius, Angl. Gospel,
i. e. good spell or tidings. It is
mostly written ^Oty~ge<xl.

e, an evangelist.
, to evangelize, or
preach the Gospel.
Sojceab, a socket.
Soj-ceabjrara and ^oj-ceabjrcvcoic,

sensible.

£o;-ce<x/inf-a, liberality, generosity.
So;ceall, joy, mirth.

S 0

o

So;c;m, to reach, to arrive, to come
to a time or place ; 50 ;"0;c;b,
until.

So;-c;ne<xlc<x, noble, high-born;
aof 7-o;-c;ne<xltd, the nobility.

So;-c;ne<xltd;- and fOj-cjne&l-
cacb, nobility, nobleness.

Sojcle, pleasure, mirth, gladness.

So;-cnejb6e, credible, that may
be believed or depended upon ;
njl fG 7~o;c;te;bte, it is not cre-
dible.

Soj-Cfiejbmeac, a credulous person.

•Sojbecic, a vessel.

So;be<\nt<x, possibly, easily done.
—Mark, 9. 23.

Sojbjdtlac and ^o;b; extra, rude,
ignorant.

u;^, for pvjj;teo;;i, a sol-
dier, an archer.

u'/ica, exercised in military
discipline; also brave.

So; jeab, for f&ijyc, an arrow or
shaft; Lat. sa^itta.

So; jeam, a precious stone or gem.

So;j/ie and j-ojjnea^, pleasure,
delight.

So;jne and ^o;fne;n, a thunder-
bolt, a flash of lightning.

Soj-jnjorecic, a benefactor.

So;-jnJ^-;m, to do good.

So;lbe;m, a thunderbolt, i. e. be;m-
7~ojl, a flash or bolt of light;
rid. folaf. Note. — This com-
pound word fOjlbejro shows that
the Irish did anciently use the
word fol, as well as ful or /"u;l,
to signify the sun ; and the word
foluf, light, so nearly analogous
to the Latin sol, is a corrobora-
tive proof of it.

Sojtbjjt, happy, cheerful ; go /"Ojl-
B;rt, cheerfully.

So;l6;/ie and ^ojlbjrteoict, cheer-
fulness, good-humour.

So;-leajt<x, fusible, or easily
melted.

So;le;/i, clear, manifest; 50 fO]-
le;M, manifestly; <x
"407

le^jt, in open sight.
£oj-le/t;m, to manifest, to make

evident.
Sojljreacb, a charm.

/i or fjol&ft&n, and jre;-
or el;/-tMOm, flags ;
tr^jolcx^tart, in the flags.
This is commonly called eleap-
t:<x>t and elea^tr/iom, Wei. e/estr,
and also ^;t<x^-t;an.
5^o;Ue<x;t, a cellar.

SojUeoj, a willow or' sallow, a di-. -

min. ; from f<\jl or pxjlleac, id.

, brightness, clearness.

c, bright, luminous.

, to shine ; also to make
bright.

So;n, sound ; Lat. sonns. -^*
So;n, that, thence ; o ^o;n, thence,

from that time.
So;nce<X;ib. Synalcppha — PI.
So;ne<xn, fair weather, i. e. fOjn-
fjon, from ^On, happy or good,
and^-Jon, weather; Wei. hinont
vid. fjon.

So;ne<xnba, meek, well-tempered.
£o;n;m, to sound, or make a noise.
So;n;ne, the genit. of fO-jnean.
So;nme<xc, happy, fortunate.
So;nne<xc, a race-horse.
So-jomcu;/i, portable, supportable.
Sojpjn, a handful, a wisp.
Sojn, to the east; t<xob ^Oj/t, the

east, eastward ; rid.
So;»ib, prosperous, happy.
So;nb';jim, to prosper;

cu;b ;'e, he shall prosper; o
7"0;/tb;b <xn CJ<X(KO<X, seeing the
Lord hath prospered.
Soj/ice, clear, manifest, bright;
Oif oj/ice, or, <x^ o;^ce<\^, are
the same.

Sojnceact:, brightness.
So;/te<xbcacb, brittleness.
So;/te<xnt:a, serene.

, convenient, agreeable.
, eastern, eastward.
c, a baker's peel.
n£e, readiness.

& 0

S 0

l, tlie Gospel ; vid. fofi-

, good news or tidings.

, an Evangelist.
l, proud, haughty.

, ductile, pliable.
, freedom, privilege.

, a good habitation or
residence.
So-;te, edible. This word is of
two syllables, viz. 7-0 and ;te,
both together meaning, easily
eat; but according to our mo-
dern orthography it is ^o;b-;te.
So;te, till, until; fOjte <xn la,

till day.

Sojtjm, the same with fOjcjm.
So;teac, a vessel, a pitcher ; ann
bun pJjjfcJjjS c/tajnn, in your
wooden vessels.
Sojtleag and ^Ojt-teajan, a cir-

cle.

So-labf-ia, affable.
So-tam, quick, ready ; go ^olnocx,

out of hand.

Sota/tajm, to prepare or provide ;
noc bo T'ola/iab, who provided.
Written more usually ^olat/i<x;m,
from j-olata/i, provision.
Sola^-, or yoluf, light ; Lat. soils,
genit. of sol, the sun ; the Gr.
troXoc signified a round ball
thrown into the air in honour of
the sun, but now it means a coit;
Lat. discus.

* Solfy-, comfort, consolation ; Lat.
solatium.

c, comfortable.
jm, to comfort or console.
Sola^ba, bright, luminous.
Sola^bactr, brightness.
Soloym<Xfi, luminous
Sola/"m<x;rie and ^ola^nxx;;teacc,

brightness.
Solat<x/t, provision.
Soldt/tcvjm, to provide, to prepare;
bo ^olata;;t fe beoc bujnn, he
prepared drink for us; <xnucx;/t
fcu e, when thou hast
'408

the slightness of the

provided it.
SoU<xmujn, a solemnity ;

n<\ Cci;-j<x, the solemnity of'Kas-

ter.

Sollcinnuntoi, solemn, solemnized.
SoUama/7racb, solemnization.
So-loit<X and j-o-lojtrdc, venial,

pardonable, what may be in-

dulged ; from 7-0, easy, and lo j-

t<\, which comes from loj, an

indulgence or jiardon ;

^olo jt<x, peccatum venial
Solo jtrtxc'c, slightness ;

<xn jn;m

fact.

Soma, plenty of swans.
So-rrxx/ibta and ^o-ma/tbtac, mor-

tal ; and bo-ma/ibc<x, immortal.
So-ma/ibttxct:, mortality, or the

mortal state of the body.
Sorrxx/icjn, a primrose.
Sonolan and ^omlan, safe and

sound.
Sompla, a pattern ; tojmffojf an

7"6mpta, let them measure the

pattern.
Son, sake, cause, or account of; <x/t

fOn, for the sake, or on account

of; <x;t bo j~on, on your account,

for thy sake ; an <x yon yjn, ne-

vertheless.
Son, a voice or sound; Lat. sonus ;

/to clo^ c;dn j-on <x nja/ima,

audiebat a longe vocem inro-

cantittm.
Son, a word.
Son, good, profit, advantage; hence

fonaf, prosperity, and ron<x,

prosperous; bo cuajb r;n cam

fOjn b<xm, that turned to my

profit.

Son, a stake or beam
Son, or fOnn, here, pro <xnn/'0.
Son a, prosperous, happy.
Sona;/tce, strength, courage.
SonO|", prosperity, happiness.
Son<xnn, i. e. fOn-ponn, fertile land,

a prosperous soil.
Sonn, a club or staff'; <x bub<\j[/tt:

S 0

S 0

Jof& pwa, tranjabajft bom ea/t-

gaba;l ^e 50 cclo;bm;b aju^ 50

j-onnajb, Jesus said unto them,

you are come to take me with

swords and with clubs. — L. B.
Sonn ac, i. e. babun, a wall.
Sonnab, contention, strife.
Sonna;m, to pierce through, to

thrust ; fie ^o/inab no. ^lej j

t;te^- <xn £);iao;, by piercing the

Druid with his spear.
Sonn-ma/tcac, a horse-post, or cou-

rier.

Sonnta, bold, courageous.
Sonntac, merry, joyful.
Sonntacb, boldness, confidence.
Son/iac, or ^cnn/iabac, special,

particular; 50 ^on/tabac, espe-

cially, in particular.
Son^abacb, especially, severally;

Lat. ' part ic ular i tas.
Sop, a handful, a bundle, a wisp.
Sopa^t, a well ; f opoj, idem.
So/ia, soap.
So/ta;beab, salutation.
S0fia;b, ^-Ofte;b, or /"Oj/ib, happy,

successful.
So/ib, a fault or blemish ; also foul,

dirty.

So/ibajm, to pollute or defile.
So;ib-<xc;t<xc<ty", a lampoon, or sa-

tire.

So/tb-c<Xfin, a dunghill.
Sonca or j-o/tca, light ; also bright,

clear; boated, is of the contrary

signification.

^ca, a woman's name ; Lat.

Clara. .

jab, or ^o/tcu jab, a mani-

festation, or clear declaration, an

opening of a case.
S0fica;jjm, to manifest, or make

clear.

So/ica;neab, a satire, or lampoon.
S0fico;/i, a cylinder.
So/tn, an oven ; also a kiln ; ^opin

na mb/t;ceab, a brick-kiln ; also

a furnace ; <xm<xjl ;t

409

cejne, as the three youths had
been delivered from the fiery
furnace, L. B. ; Gr.

So^n<x;;ieacb, baker's trade.
Sortnan, a lump or hillock.
So^n-/i<xc<x, an oven-rake or swoop.
So/it, a kind, or species. ,4-
$-Ofit<xn, praise.
SOfitan, reproof.
So^can, prosperity.
So/iucx;/-te<xjab, contempt.
^o^iujce, parted or divided.
So^-, knowledge.
So^ and y-o^ab, a cessation, or

giving over; j~0f& c6m^i<x;c, a

cessation of arms.
, civil behaviour.
i, the younger, or youngest ;

on f)nnf)0ji %uf <xn yof&p.,

from the elder to the younger ;

teo bOn Cjjpc, and they brought
' the youngest of the children

along with them into Egypt. —

Z. B.
Soj-cjob, 50 yoj^cjob, even to.

, a place of abode or habita-

tion ; na bj am ycj-tajfy-e, get

away from me, or remain no

longer in my habitation. — L. B.

a noise or cry.

So^trOTiac, clamorous, noisy.
Socal, proud, haughty ; also pride,

also nattery ; genit. ^-octa ; hence

^•otratbortb means imperious,

overbearing.

Sotalac, proud, arrogant.
Sotrala; jjm, to boast or brag.
Sotla, pride, arrogance.
i5oc, an offspring.
Sotaj/te, a spruce fellow.
So-cao^ja, exhaustible, easily

diained.
So-ca/^anjta, easily drawn, duc-

tile.
Sotla; je, harm, damage; also bad,

naughty.

, a judge; ab coba fO-
3*

s p

trjnge fj'cju jab, the office of a
judge is to make peace.

So-cu;;z;;^;o;i<x, intelligible.

So-tujgte, sensible.

.So-ujj'-geaiYxijl and ^•o-uj^ed.c,
apt to be moist or waterish ; yO-
uj^-gejte, easy to be watered.

Spcub or ^p<xjb, a clod.

Spabac, full of clods.
r Spab and ^-pabab, a spade.

Sp<xb<xl, a paddle, a plough-staff.

-Spab&nta, mean, niggardly.

Sp<xbant<xcb, niggardliness, low-
ness of mind ; also slothfulness.

Sp<xbcopxc, flat-footed.

Sp<xb-ctu<xpxc, flat-eared ; also
slow of hearing.

Spajdc, having lame or crooked
legs, clumsy feet and heels.
5, a clod ; also useless ;
,m, poor barren land.

signifies heavy, dull, un-
fruitful, insipid; but is mostly
used in the composition of words.

Sp<xjbeo.m<vjl, sluggish.

Sp<x;be<xml<xct, sluggishness.

Sp<xjbj:;on, dead or flat wine.

Spajb^ro, to benumb,

Sp<x;bt;ne<x^-, lethargy.

Sp&jg, a lame leg.

3p<vjtle<xb, a check, or abuse.

Sp<x;lp, notable.
i- Sp<xjtp;n, a rascal.

Sp<xjfin, a contention or a scuffle.

Sp<vjftn;be<xct, contentiousness.

Sp<x;;ttr, a turf or clod ; le
t;b, with clods; ft>&)p
moist clods of turfs.

Sp<x^ce6^<xcb, walking; Lat. spa-
tiari, to walk ; also playing.

walk, wander, or stroll ; Lat.
spatior.

Spatla and ff>jle, a wedge ; also
the fragment of a stone for wall-
ing.

Sp<xll<x;m, to beat or strike.

Sp<xlp<x;^e, a spruce fellow.

<?,<™ v^ irr the bit of a bridle.

410

p

, a purse or pouch; also

the scrotum ; also a crisping pin.

— h. 3. 22.
Sp<x/m, a quarrel ; cu;/t ^p<Xfin o;tt,

do thy utmost.

Sp<x/m<xjm, to dispute or quarrel.
Spaftnojbeacb and ^-p<x^n<x;j;t,

wrestling or quarrelling.
Spa/in-pup<x, a champion; a chief

wrestler.

Sp<x/ifi<i, a spar or nail.
Spa/i/KXjm, to fasten or nail.
Sp<x/i^<xn, the dew-lap of a beast.
Spe<xl, a scythe, or mowing-hook ;

genit. ypejte ; obaj/t ypejle,

mowing.

Spe<xl, a little while.
Speal<xbo;/i, a mower.
Specxlabo;/ieacb, mowing.
Spec;<xlta, especial, peculiar.
Spe;ce, a prop or support.
Spejl, cattle.
Spe;lp, a belt and armour; j\o

fleact bo, <LJU^ |to 7^AO;l <xn
bo b; u;me <x bc;<x^na^e
&, he adored, ana then laid

down his belt and armour in

Christ's presence.
Spe;/i, a sparrow-hawk.
Spejji, the ham; plur. ^*pe;^te-

<xc<x.
Spe;^, the sky, the firmament ;

jr<xo; <xn y^pe;/t, under the air ;

50 nujge f-pe<\fit;<x, unto the

skies ; Gr. afyaipa, and Lat.

sphcera.

Sp;ce, a spike or long nail. ^
Spjb, spite, malice <<
Sp;beal, a spittle or hospital. «
Sp;be<xm<i)l, spiteful.
Sp;beaml<xct, contempt.
Sp;^e<xb, a mock, a scoff.
Spjle and yp<xll<J., a wedge.-^
Sp^nan and fppjonan, a goose-

berry-bush ; Lat. spina, a thorn.
Sp;0n<xb, motion or action.
Sp;on<xbac, a little stirring.
Sp;0fi<xb, a spirit; ^p;o^i<ib na
the s[)irit of

sp

righteousness.
Sp;o;tabalra, spiritual.
Spjo/ttaca, the plural of /*pej;t, a

ham or hough ; bo jeci^i/t fc

^-p;o^t<ic<x, or ype^eacti eac

na cco.ftb<xb ujle, he houghed all

the chariot horses.
Spj^yoj, a sparrow-hawk.
Sp;un<xb, a stirring up, or opening

any heap of things.
Spjunajm, to stir up, to search or

examine; bo ^pjun<xb <xn cajf,

the cause was examined.
Spl<xnc, a sparkle, a blaze, or flash

of fire.
Spleab and ^plecib<ic<x/*, flattery ;

also dependance, being under

obligations.
Spleab, boasting, vain glory ; also

a romance.
Spleab<xc, flattering, soothing ;

also dependant of, or obliged to ;

neam^plecibac, independant, un-

der no obligations.
Sple<j.j<x, idem quod ^-pleab.
Spocam, to rob ; Lat. prcedor.
Spocajm, to provoke or affront.
Spobtd. and j-p6U<x, dimin. ^-pojljn,

a piece of meat; also a frag-

ment ; plur. )^p6Ua;be ; UhljUe

/te no. fp6U<vjb;)5, together with

the fragments.
Spot, a weaver's shuttle ; &

mo laete na fpol pj

my days are swifter than a wea-

ver's shuttle. — Job, 7. 6.
sponge.

a spoon.

SpO;t, a spur.

Spopajm, to spur, or stir up.

Spfi<xc<xb, strength, vigour.

Sp/te, a sparkle, or flash of fire.

Sp^e, cattle.

Sp^e, in Irish is the fortune or
portion of a woman at the time
of her marriage, which, as it
properly signifies cattle, shows
that all the fortune and riches
given by the old Irish to their
411

daughters consisted in cattle,
which were indeed their chief
riches, as Tacitus de Moribus
Germanorum, says also of the
Germans ; and so it was primi-
tively with all other nations ;
but no marriage-portion was re-
quired with wives till latter ages,
the husband being always obliged
to endow or dower his wife ; vid.

_
Spneajab, stirring up, provoca-

tion, reproof.

Spfteagajm, to blame or chide, to
reprove, also to prompt ;
reprove him; bo

ft, they did chide.
Spfte;bte, scattered, dispersed.
Spfte; jjm, to scatter or disperse ;
bo fpf\ej j <xn popal, the people
were scattered.

Sp/teoca, a fragment ; also a use-
less thing ; also an opprobrious
term, signifying a drone or idler ;
T^p/teota bu;ne, a drone of a
fellow.

-, a twig or wicker.
an, the diminut. of fpnjdf,
a small twig; it is figuratively
applied to a poor diminutive
little fellow.
Spft;am<xcan, a budget or satchel.
, currant or corinth.

the craw of a bird.

the fish called sprat.

p/tujtle and ^-pnujUeac, a crumb

or crumble ; bond ^p/tujlleac-

<ijB, of the fragments; diminut.

, hard or callous flesh ; also
the pinnacle of a tower.

Spu;^e, spurge or milk- weed,

Spu^OJi, a gizard, giblets.

Sputr, jreo.;t fpur, an eunuch.

Sftab, much, plenty.

Sft<xc<xb, a young twig, a shoot or
sprout, a sucker.

S;t<xc<xb, a tearing or pulling.

extortion, tearing

s n

s 17

away.

Sfuxccun, to pull, to rob, or spoil.
Sfi<xb, a spark of fire.
S/iabajbe, idle.
S/ifl.b(X;be<xcb, idleness.

b and pia;b;n, a street, a

lane.
S/icvjbeoj, a matt.
$;ic\;b;/i, a lane.
S/ia;bjn, the herb shepherd's-

pouch ; Lat. bvrsa pastoris.
.. S;i<x;t:, a layer, course, line, or

swath of hay or corn cut down

by the mower or reaper ; fp&jt

<x/ib<x;/-t, a course of corn when

newly cut spread on the stubbles ;

jreu/i no a/iBan <x;/t ffityt, grass

or corn on the swath.
S/i<x;t, the quartering of soldiers.
S/KXjt, marshy ground, a bottom or

valley, or the side of a valley.
Sfi<m), a jet of milk gushing forth

from a cow's udder.
S/i<xnaro, to snore, or snort.
S/i<xnur>, or fpwn&n, a great

hoarseness or rattling in the

throat.

, a string or strap.
S/t<xob, or pt<xot, a sneezing.
Sfuxojtleoj, a dirty mopsy, or slo-

venly woman.
S/KXon<x;m, to turn ; bo ^<xon<xb

<xn ecu: jro/1/ita, they were beat.
S/icu:, a tax, or general impost.
^ S/idta, a valley.
S/t<xtoi;/ie, a stroller, who lives at

the expense of others.
S/i<xta/t, a pack-saddle, a straddle ;

Brit, yslrodir.

S/ie<xb, a herd, flock, or company.
S/iecxbaj je, a herdsman.
S/ieoiba; je<xcb, herding.
* S/ieam, a stream ; also a spring.
SfiearTKXjm, to flow.
S/te<xng<x, the strings of a bow;

also drawing or extending.
Sfieanjac, stringed.
Sfieajigdjin, to draw or extend, to

pull or tear.

412

;, a loadstone.
S/te<xnTt<X/it:<xc, an opprobrious

word, said of a thin, raw-boned

person.

ieatndJjjro, to wet or moisten;

also to extend.

jte, spread, scattered.
r)' a casting-net.
, a bridle ; also a restraint ; X

50 pi;ar>tuj5 <x necxc, even to

the horses' bridles; bo cu;/t fe

y"|i;an fijf jrejn, he restrained

himself.
S/ijouiab and ^/^<j.na;m, to bridle,

to check, to pull down the pow-
er of an enemy.
S/to j<xll, a whip or rod.
S/iojn-eabac, a handkerchief.
S/iol, satin or silk; cocal fj\0)l, a

satin hood; pobo. a%uf ffldl,

silk and satin.
•S/io/7, the nose ; Gr. piv, Wel.^ \

trmjn; j-jtorxx potla;/i;be, the

nostrils.
Sftoc, and dimin. piotan, a brook

or river; xxnnpia ^"/iotu;b, in

the brooks ; la;m ;i;^ an fput-

an, by the brook.
S/tocoib and ^/tocpu/itcxc, sneezing,

more properly ^/iaot|:u/iCdc,

from "|-iaob.

bd, a gulf or whirlpool.
c, having many streams, or

a confluence of the same.
S/iiKXmcXc, puissant in numbers, of

many hosts or armies.
S/iub(X/-t, in small pieces; Lat.yrws-

tatim.

S/iu;c, a speech.
S/tujc, knowing or discerning.
S/iuc, the same as fj\ot.
S/tut, or fpujt, a man in religious

orders, though not yet promoted

to holy orders ; a clerk, a man

of letters ; pi. fpujte.
S^iut-clcx;^, a brook-channel.
S/iutl<x;no, to rinse or cleanse.
S;tut^-leac, and tuc -leacc, a

hannel.

s c

s c

Sea, stand ; ;-ca, a ata;;j;, a^t Co-
rial, stand you, plebeian, says
Connal ; ;-ca, stand you.

Scab a, a vessel.

Scaba; pm, to straddle.
j^~ Scac and ft&ic, a stake ; diminut.
fc&can, a thorn.

Scacac, (an Scacac.) a title or
style by which the chief of the
Stack family in the County of
Kerry was distinguished in the
Irish language. — See an account
of this family at the word Dopul
an Scacajcc, p. 357, where,
through want of time to consult
Colonel Richard Stack of Cam-
bray, an undesigned mistake
hath been committed in men-
tioning him as the present chief
of that family; whereas it hath
since been made apparent to us
from authentic titles, as also by a
letter from the Colonel to Cap-
tain Edmund Stack of Stack's
town and Crotto, Esq., Knight
of the Military Order of St.
Louisj and Governor of the town
and Castle of Landon in Gati-
nois, that the latter is now the
real chief of the Stack family.
i, Scacab, a stack of corn.
.Scab, state.

Stab, delay ; gan ;~cab, without
delay.

Staba; jjl, a standing still,
yf Scaba;m, to stand, to cease, or

stop ; bo ^rab fe, he stood.
4- Scaba, a furlong.

Scabcac, apt or used to stop.
^Scabujb, a statute.

Scajb, a craft or wile.

, a furlong; c^t; ftrajbe on
ccat;ia;j, three furlongs from
the city. This Irish word ;~tajb,
derived from the verb ^cabajm,
to stand or halt, is analagous to
the Gr. ora&oy, which is de-
rived from the verb tara/zat, to
stand or halt; and also to the
413

Lat. stadium, which is likewise
derived from the Lat. sto, stare,
to stand.

or fce-)-£, the gullet or
windpipe; ftej5 bfiajab, idem;
~ceJ5 majpc, a beefsteak.
ft, stately.

Scajjne, a stair or step; /tajj-
, a pair of stairs.
a stop or impediment, a
stubbornness, or sturdy humour.

Sta;^t, a history.

Sta;/i;ceac, light.

Straj^teoifi, an historian.

Stal, or fcajl, a stallion, or stone- -
horse.

Stalcac, stubborn.

Sratca/t, a fowler; ma^t an eun
4f lajm an ^tratca^t, as a bird
out of the hands of the fowler. —
Pr. 6. 5.

Scam, to stand ; rid. ;~ca.

Scan, tin or pewter; Lat. stannum, .
Gall, estain.

Scanna, a tub, a vat.

Scaon, oblique, awry, askew.

Scaonab, a bias, a bending, an in-
clination.

Scaona;m, to decline or abstain ;
na/t ^taon o jteo, that never
declined fight; also to curb or
put a stop to ; tarn pal na^i jru-
fta/* bo jr-caonab, a generous
hand which could not be easily
hindered.

Scaona^b, a crick in the neck.

Scapal, a link or torch.

Sea ft ja, a shield.

Scacamajl, stately.

Sceac, a ^ceac, within, i. e.
ceac <x T't/j, within, in
house; bo cuama;/t a
we went in.

Steajcog, a staff or stick, a club ;
genit. 7-ceaprj^e; gjolla ^cea^-
j:6;ge, was anciently a messenger
or running footman, who carried
letters from one place to another,
so called from the lon£ staff he

the

s t

s c

carried in his hand, as all run-
ning footmen still do.

Stea.lld.;m, to squirt, or sprinkle.

.Streallaj/ie, a glister; also a tap
or fosset.

Ste;le<xc, laxative, loose.

Ste;lte, a lax or looseness.

Ste;nljj;m, to exulcerate.

Stejnnle, the itch or mange.

St;<xll, a piece of any thing ; yt;<j.U
jreola, a piece of meat.

St:;<vU<xb, a rending or tearing in
pieces.

St;aUd.;m, to tear or break in
pieces, to rend ; bo ftjcl ye <x
eubac, he rent his garment.

St;c;n, a little staff'.

St;U;m, to divide.

.St;o5a/ib, a steward.

StjOfuxro, to benumb.

Stoc, a sounding horn, a trumpet.

Stoca, a stocking.

.Stoccic, an idle fellow, that lives in
and about the kitchen of great
folks, and will not work to sup-
port himself.

Stoc<vj;ie, a trumpeter.

, a tempest or storm.

and ytroj/tnoeaiTxxjt,
tempestuous, stormy.

Scot, a stool, a seat.

Stopcijm, to stop, to close.

Std]\ and ytOfi<xy, store ; c; jte <xn
yto;t<!i;y u;le, all the store-
houses.

Stot-y/torKXc, one that has a turned
up nose.

St/io. j, an arch or vault.

Str/t<x;U and yt;iO;Ue, delay, ne-
glect.

St/«xjU;n), to pluck or tear in
pieces.

StfKXnjab, a plucking or twitch-
ing.

, to pull or draw.

, to pull or twitch,
ta, pulled, plucked.

and

strife, contention.
414

, a lazy fellow.
act:, laziness.
, a slut or sloven.
St;i<xojle<xb, a plucking.
, a dragtail.
, to pull, to draw after.
, the stay betwixt the top-
mast and the foremast, whereby
it is supported.
St/KXtrxx) j;m, to spread; bo rttytflC-

nu; j ye, he spread.
Sc/ieacl<x, a trifle.
Str/ie<xct<i, torn, rent, ripped.
•St;ie<icl<x j<xb, sport.
St/teactcxn and ytr/^e<xct<xn, a band

or garter.

and yc/t;obu;b, a whore,
a harlot.

•St;t;tljn, a garter.
St/i;oc, a streak; yt/tjoca ban a jf ^

bea/ija, red and white streaks.
St/i;oc<xc, streaked.
Sf;i;oc<xb, a falling; also a sub-
mitting or humbling.
St^Joc<x;m, to fall, to be humbled,
to submit ; bo yc/t;oc <x ncxirnxb
bo, his enemy submitted to him ;
ytrjtjocjrajb ye, he shall sub-
mit.

, a girth.

c, a whore, a prostitute :

c pp., a whore-master.
St/t;op<xccxy, fornication ; Gr.
vtm; otherwise written
pac and yt;i;apcxcuy.
Sc/i;opa?T)<x;l, vvhorish.
Str;toc<x;m, to tear, to cut oft*.
a, a strand, a shore. ,-\
, a shive, a piece.
n, cement, mortar.
^U, yc;i<x;lt, delay.
c, an ostrich.
Stu<xb, a sheet, a scroll ;

bon lu<xb, a sheet of lead ; dimi-
nut. yrutxbjn.

Scu<xb and ytu<x;c, a pinnacle;
ytuab <xn te<xmpu;ll, the pin-
nacle of the temple; also the
end of a house.

g u

Strucac, stiff, rigid ; also horned.

Stu;beart, study ; pea/t ^cu;be;/t,

a student.

4. Suab, mannerly, well bred.
!>- Suabajr, mild, gentle ; also man-
nerly; ^uabu;^, idem.

Suacgan, an earthen-pot.

Suab, prudent, discreet ; also ad-
vice, or counsel.

Suab, learned men.

Suajbneac, quiet, easy ; pjajbnea-
^*ac, idem.

Sua;bnea^, ease, quietness; vid. \

j, prosperous, successful.
Suajll, small, little ; Wei. sal,

mean.

Sua;Umea/-t:a, homely, ordinary.
Sua;m, a tone or accent.
Sua;mneac, quiet, calm, safe; jo
.c, securely, with safety.
-, rest, quietness.

i, id. qd. ^uajmneac.
Suajmn; j;m, to rest, to be at ease ;
also to ease or quiet; noc fd-

pua;m n<:
that stilleth the noise of 'the sea.

£ua;;tc, pleasant, facetious.

Sua^ficeaj-, or j-uajftcjo^, mirth,
pleasantry, facetiousness.

Suaj^-fjnjm, to turn up, to lie
with the face up; Lat. supinus.

Sua;tre, kneaded, mixed.

Suajteact, a tempering or mixing
together ; also fatigue.

Sua;teanca^, a flag or colour ;
properly the coat of arms paint-
ed on the colours.

Suajteantajj-, a prodigy, or un-
common accident, a portent.

Suajtfteac, a soldier.

Sual, a wonder ; ba j-ual, it was a
wonder.

Suall, famous, renowned.

Suan, sleep; ^uan cobaltra, fast
asleep ; ^uan c^om, a deep
sleep, a trance.

Suan-a;/im, a dormitory, or sleep-
ing-place.

415

S U

Suan-jalan, a lethargy.
Sua/ima;t, inclining to sleep ; cob-
la p/anma;t, a gentle sleep.

Suanma;/ieacb, a being given to
sleep.

Suantac, drowsy, sleepy ; nj bu
^*anct 0;t; jte pjantac, Saint
Bridget was not drowsy or indo-
lent."

Sua^tac, insignificant, trifling, of
no account.

a; je, cheapness, meanness.
•, mirth, drollery,
b, endowed.
i, mean, silly, trivial.
f ', up, upward ; <x nua^, down,
or from above ; cu;/tj:;b me p/ar^
tru, I will promote you.

Sua^mola;m, to flatter or soothe, to
magnify or extol.

Suarajn, lasting, perennial.

Suata;m, to mix, to rub hard, to
temper or knead; ^uatrajb na
rona cao^, the women knead
their dough ; a£ /-uaca a lutrac,
rubbing their sinews; mo;/tteu^
jan yuata, untempered mortar.

Sub or 70/5, sap, juice, or mois-
ture.

Sub laj;t, p/b tralman, and clacb-
7"ub, a strawberry ; yub c^iaob, a
raspberry.

Suba, pleasure, delight.

Subac, merry, cheerful ; b;b jo
^•ubac, sit yon merry.

Subaca^", mirth, gladness.

Subd;lce, a virtue ; buba;lce, i. e.
bo-^uba;lce, vice.

Subajlceac, virtuous; it is some-
times applied to a pleasant,
agreeable person.

Subam, to suck.

Suban, juice or sap.

Sublac, juice pressed, as out of
apples, liquor.

Subftj^teacb, rather ; ^ob/tjv-te-
act:, brittleness, weakness.

:, substance,
a river which takes its rise

S U

11

in the County of Roscommon,
and discharges itself into the
Shannon.

Suc/t;b, easy.

— -Sub, these, them ; also there, yon-
der; c;<x b;ab ^-ub <X£<xb, who
are these with thee ? <x/t <*.
T^ub, because of them ; <xn
thither, there, yonder; <xn 7-0
<Xgu/" <x/i ^ub, here and there.

Sub/ialt, light, brightness.

Sugac, merry, cheerful, pleasant.

•Sugajbjm, to be merry or droll.
f. Sugar), a rope of straw or hay.

Suj, juice or liquor; also the sap
• of a tree; also soot.

Sujajnte, a swallow or gulf, a

whirlpool.

• Su jam, to suck ; fuj jpb ye an
n;m, he shall suck the poison.

Suj-maj/ie, a swallow or gulf; also
a glutton.

Su£/ta and ^-u^/tab, mirth, play-
ing, sporting; an ^uja/ita, of
mirth. — Jer. 25. 10.

Sujbealtan, a parasite.

5>u;beatta^, spunging or sharking.

SujB, a strawberry-tree ; South
Welsh, syv i, and Cor. sevi.

Su;be, a session or assize ; the set-
ting of any thing, as of the sun.

Su;be and 7~u;beacan, a seat.

Su;b;m, to sit; bo yujb ^e
71; u, he sat near them ;
me, I will encamp ; ;"ujbea'oa;i
tjmpcjoll, they besieged; also
to set or plant; ^u;f,eoc<x tu
;<xb, thou shalt plant them ; Lat.
sedeo. It is improperly written

Su;b;m, to prove or enforce an ar-
gument; bo ^ujbeab <x;/t e, it
was proved against him ; bo faj-
beaba/t jona. fjpjnne e, they
maintained it to be a truth ; Lat.
suadeo, persuadeo, is of the
same root.

Su;b;om and ^ujbeoicant:, a proof.

Su;btre, in order, well-propor-
416

tioned; pea/t ^a;btre, a well-

proportioned man.
Su;b;te, proved, maintained ; <x

ta an j^Jori) ^ujbtre, the fact is

proved.

Su;gledb, a snot.
Su;l, the eye ; gen. ful, pi. ^ujle

and ^u;l;b, from yu;t, the sun ;

because the eye is the light of

the body.
Sujt, hope, expectation ; 01 tci ^"u;l

015 am j\]f, I wait for him.
Su;l, before that.

SujlBj/ie, rather ^ojlb;/ie, delight.
Sujlm(Xn5<x;/ie, a forestaller of the

market.

Sujlmed/i, a wave.
Su;m, a sum; also respect or rey

gard ; na cu;/t ^a;m, do not re-

gard.
Su;ne<xn, fair weather; vid. fO)-

nean.

Sujneann, a kind of stammering.
Su;n;c, late.
Su;/ie, the sea-nymphs, or mer-

maids.

, nimble, active.
j, a fool.

je, courting, or wooing.
u;/i; jeac, a sweetheart.
^c, a flail ; plur. fujftj je and

Sujrcea/tntxc, a present, or liberal
donation.

icu;tean, the mob or multitude.

Su;tea/i, vid. futajn, everlasting.

Sujt;nje, merry, joyous.

Sul, the sun; Lat. .so// hence the v-
old Irish called Sunday £)J<x \
Su;l, before the Christians called
it bja Oomnoij j, or Dies Do-
minica ; hence ^ujl, the eye, be-
cause it is the light of the
body.

Sula/i<xjm, to procure or provide ;
vid. yola/tajm.

Sulba;/ie, oratory, eloquence.

Sulbe;m, a bewitching by the eye.
, quick-sighted.

s u

Sut-;taba;tc, foresight.

Suit, mirth, joy ; Lat. saltus, danc-
ing.

Suit, fat.

i, fertile.

, pleasant, jocose.

and pjltiriujfteact,
mirth, facet iousness.

Suma/t, a spring.

Sunac, a kind of plaid, or coarse
mantle.

Sunn caj;-lean, or ca;/"leun, a for-
tified or walled castle.

Sun jaot, boasting.

Sun/tac, particular, special.

Suntajb, quick, active.

Sunt/taj j, strong, stout.

Sufi, a search or inquiry.

Su;ta;m, to investigate, to make

S U

diligent search or inquiry after a
thing; ex. lejg bo na /-aojt;b a
fu/t, let the learned examine it.

Sunaro, to fallow.

Sut, the weather.

Suta; je, or pit, soot.

Suta;n, or futujn, prosperous;
flj je pjtu;n, a prosperous way ;
also permanent, eternal, or ever-
lasting ; cunn/tab fut^jn, an
everlasting covenant ; beat a ^u-
ta;n, life everlasting; <x^ com-
futujn an 00<xc p;^ <xn tfta;rt,
the Son is co-eternal with the
Father.

Sutujneactr, or fatajne, eternity ;
6 tt//^ na ^uru;ne<xct<x, from all
eternity; tvW. pan/tea^- <x/} <xn-

REMARKS ON THE LETTER C.

C is the sixteenth letter of the Irish alphabet, and ranked among the
hard consonants, called con^o;ne<xb(X cpu<xba ; it bears an aspirate, and
then is numbered among the rough consonants called con^o;ne<xba ga/t-
5a, and pronounces like b. This letter is called Cejne, but the expli-
cation of that appellative is not given us by O'Flaherty, or any other Irish
writer. The letter c is naturally commutable with b, they both being
letters of the same organ ; and accordingly in our old manuscripts we
find them indifferently written, the one for the other, in the middle and
end of words, but seldom or never as initials. In the remarks on the
letter 5, and its being equally commutable with c, it hath been observed,
that the unlimited practice of indifferently substituting the one instead
of the other, could not but be abusive in some respects. And the same
observation holds good with regard to t and b, not only because they are
two different letters holding different places in all alphabets, and conse-
quently of different powers and functions in the radical and original for-
mation of words; but also because such an unlimited indifference in
substituting those letters for each other in any particular language, cannot
but be prejudicial to the affinity, which the words of that language may
radically bear with words of the same meaning in other languages. It is
to be noted, that the letter c is used as an adventitious prefix before all Irish
words beginning with a vowel, which are of the masc. gender, and are pre-
ceded by the Ir. particle an. which in Engl. signifies tJie; ex. an tanam,
the soul; an tean, the bird; an trjoninab, the wonder ; an coirpea/t,
417 3o

c rf

Me young man; an tuaccta/ian, Me superior. It hath been observed in
the remarks on the letter f, that words of the feminine gender beginning
with f must necessarily admit the letter t as a prefix when preceded by
the particle an, and then the initial f is eclipsed or suppressed in the
pronunciation ; as in the words an t^tat, an tfujl, an tfj\on, &c., pro-
nounced an tlat, an tu;l, an tjton. But this rule suffers one remarkable
and curious exception, which is, that words of the feminine gender be-
ginning with the letter f, in which the initial f is immediately followed
by either t or b, will not admit an adventitious t as a prefix ; as in the
words an ytu;/im, an /-t;u;/t, an ^tuajc, <xn ^tejj, an ^bajt, an £-ba)b,
&c., all of the feminine gender, as every one who is well versed in the
Irish language may verify, by prefixing the articles e and ;, or fe and ^;,
to those words ; which is a general and infallible rule, suffering no ex-
ception, by which the genders of all Irish words can be discerned ; for no
Irishman well-used to speak the Irish language will ever prefix the mas-
culine article e or re before words of the feminine gender, nor the femi-
nine article ; or r; before masculines. It is also to be noted of this letter
t, that when it is aspirated with a subjoined r>, it is thereby rendered
quiescent and suppressed in the pronunciation ; as in the word a teanga,
his tongue, which is pronounced a freeing a. Another singularity occur-
ring on this subject is, that words of the masculine gender beginning with
f, must receive the prefix t when they are of the genitive case singular,
depending on a substantive that precedes the particle an ; ex. roulta <xn
the top of the mountain; he<xlbac <xn tpt;<xjn, the mouth-

the bridle; ;to;m-c;<xl <xn tpongajn, the forecast of the ant;

<xr> t/-;onna;cc, the cunning of the fox. But in the genitive
plural we say mull<x;b n
n, &c.

the forecast of the ant;
x. But in the

, ;tejm-cjal na

n<x

' C<xba/t, a taber or timbrel.

Coib<x;ji, from tr<x!5/tajnn, take thou ;
also give; tab<x;/t bob ojfie, take
thou heed ; t<xb<x;;i bam^a, give
unto me. When joined with <x^
it signifies to make, do, cause, or
oblige ; t<xbo.;;t <x;/i tj:e<X;i, en-
tice your husband. — Ju. 14. 15.

C<xb<xj^tn, the sea; t<x/
over seas.

C<xb<x;/me, a tavern or inn;
n<J. ct/i; tt<xb<x;/m;b, to the three
taverns ; Lat. taberna ; f ea/t
t<xba_j;ine, an inn-holder.

Cabal, a sling ; c/i<xnn t<xbcx;l, the
shaft of a sling, out of which
they flung darts and stones ;
418

c a

like the Roman catapulta; Brit.
prentaval.

C<xb<x/tcan<x, a chieftain, a gover-
nor of a province or region;
from cab<x/i, and tan or tap, a
region or country.

Caba/ita;- and taba/ttu^-, a gift
or present.

Caba/tta, given up, delivered.

Caba/itac, bountiful, generous.

Cab/iajm, to give ; tabajft bam bo
tarn, give me thy hand ; ag ta-
ba;/it baj;- bo;b, killing them.

Cabul, a breeze or horse-fly.

Caca, a nail, or peg ; also a fasten-
ing; Lat. clavus ; hence taca
is a surety, and tacab, to pro-

C if

C <f

mise, or be a surety for another's
performance. They have a close
affinity and analogy with the
Heb. ypn, i. e. fixit clavum,
paxUlnm. — Vid. Opitius Lexi-
con Heb.

C<xca.;bea.cc, a giving security, or
being bound for another.

Ca.ca.mo.jt, firm, solid, able to re-
sist.

Co.ca.mla.ct;, or to.co.mto;'-, firm-
ness, solidity.

Co.co,/i, provision ; also gleaning.

Coca/i, good, agreeable ; mo,b to,-
co.fi leo, if they please.

CO.GO, scarcity.

Cocalc^-jab, the itch.

Caca.;/t, he came, he arrived at.

Coco;t, a fight, battle, or skirmish.

Cactob, a choaking, or strang-

... ling.

Cocto.;m, to choak or strangle;
to.ctj:u;;rea./t e, he shall be
strangled.

Co.cma,ng, a compass or circuit.

Cacma.nga.jm, to encompass, sur-
round, or embrace.

Co.cma.n5t:a.b, surrounded.

Cocojb, a little nail or tack.

Cobob, a thief.

Co-bol, the sense of touching or
feeling.

Ca.bo.1, a fleshfork.

Co.bo,Uo;m, to visit often, to haunt,
frequent.

Cabo^g, an account, news, or in-
formation ; tabO|*g ba;^, an ac-
count or news of one's death.

Ca.bba.ct:, substance, consequence ;
also esteem.

Cabbo.cba.c and ta,bba.cta,mo;l, ef-
fectual, of consequence or mo-
ment.

, spectres or apparitions ;
plur. ta.bba.j7-rea.ba., Idem.
, solidity, firmness.

a showing, or appear-
ance.

c, solid, weighty.
419

Cabj, a poet.

j, a man's name; like the
British teg, which signifies in
that language fair.

Cobloc, hard, difficult.

Co.buj£, rectius ob o.ba.j j, against
thee.

Ca.j:a.c, an exhortation.

Copxc, craving.

Ca.j:a.; jjm, to press or urge,

Co.j:a.n, a yelping or barking ; nj
peabu^ o.r> mo.ba.b ca.j:o.n, the
dog cannot bark ; vid. tarpon.

Copxna.;m, to yelp, to bark; hence
it signifies to expel, to drive
away, to rout; ex. jto ro.j:on e
ba. jponbojb butcoj/", he routed
or banished him from his native
soil. It is more commonly writ-
ten t orpin ; tojrjreono^ta.;t
cojn ollca. b;, the wolves were
routed by her. — Brogan.

Cojajb, come ye on, or advance.
t, plead you ; vid. co.-

Cojom, to deliver, or surrender.

Co£0./t, an order, or course.

Co-go/tob, a pleading.

Co5a./tco., ot pleading; as, peo.^
cajo^co. mo cu;^e, the pleader
of my cause, or my advocate.

CogOftcoj/t, a pleader or advocate.

Carboy and to.gbo.;l, a hap or
chance.

Cajol, a feeling, or the sense of
feeling; Lat. tact us.

Co£;ta.jm, to plead a cause ; also
to debate; also to speak; ro-
jeo/to me leo e, I will bring
them to an account for it ; also

to challenge or

bring to an ac-

count.

Co.;, or co.o;, silent, mute,
Cajbejftt, disparagement.
Cajbte, a small table, or

cajble p_)lea.b, plained tables
whereon the Irish wrote before
they had parchment; Lat. ta-
bula.

C<x;ble6;/te<ict, sporting, playing.

C<xjb/teab, a dream or vision ; an
appearance, revelation, or dis-
covery.

C<vjb/ijm, to dream; also to ap-
pear ; bo ta;b/ie<xb tx/njeat, an
angel appeared, or presented
himself to ; bo ta;b/ieab bo jac
neac, each one dreamed, or
there appeared unto each.

U<x_jfy~e, an apparition, or vision ;
<x tt<xjb^*e, in a vision ; <x tta-
jBpb na bojbce, in the visions
of the night.

j;m, to seem, or appear.

, a showing, or appear-
ing.

Ucgbe, idem quod t<x;ble ; vid.
Num. 31. 50.

Cajceact, a man's utmost endea-
vours.

C<x;c/ie, a combat, a battle.

C<xjbe, a beginningor commencing;
ta;be e<x/i/i<x; j, the beginning
of spring.

C<vjbe, theft, or petty larceny.

C<x;bean, or tao;b;n, a troop, or
multitude.

C<x;beo;/t and ta; jeo;/i, a plead-
er, a disputant.

C<x;b;m, to apply, to adjoin.

Ca;b;n, or taojb;n, a mill-pond.

C<x;bte<xc, pleasant, delightful ;
also splendid.

U<x;bte<icb, delight, pleasure ; also
splendour.

Cojbleoj/t, an ambassador, a mes-
senger.

C<xjbu;/i, objecting.

C<xjjrnj jte, driven or forced away;
m<x/t <xn bpjab tajjrn; jte, as the
chased deer.

C<x;j:n;m, to banish or expel.

C<x; j, or t; j, from tetxc, a house.

Cajtgean, or t<x;t-^;n, i. e. g;n
naomt:a,a holy offspring; a name
supposed to have been given to
St. Patrick by the Druids before
his arrival in Ireland.
420

C&jUe, wages; Gr. rtXoc, vecti-
gal, and Gall, faille, tribute or
taxes.

C<x;lm, a sling.

Cujm, I am; 5 ta;m, seeing that
I am ; tci;m 50 ftotc te;^, I treat
him ill.

Ca;m, death, mortality ; also faint-
ing ; tci;iT) <xn<xjtr>;b, an unusual
distemper. — Fid. Tighern. An-
nal. ad an. 1044.

Ca;m p Jon, dead wine.

C&jmteact, a burying earn, or
heaps of loose stones raised by
those who accompanied corps in
time of paganism on the high
way near the burying place, each
person carrying a single stone to
be thrown into the earn ; hence
the proverb n; cu};ijr;nn ctoc
<xb le<vct, an uncharitable ex-
pression.

Ca;m-neul, a slumber, a trance, or
ecstasy.

Ca;m-nealajm, to slumber, or fall
asleep ; nj tajm-neulj:<J.;b fe, he
shall not slumber.

Cajrbcjn, a natural death.

C<xjr>, water ; jrolac-ta;n, water-
parsnip, or water-salad.

Ca;n, or tan, a land or country, a
region; an tan fO te&f bon
C;/ijn, the southern region of
Ireland. — Mac-Fear gus Poem
Topograph.

, a herd or drove of cattle ;
also any military spoils; plur.
t<x;ne and tajnte; ta;n bo, a
drove of cows; hence tajn bo

, he came ;

we came ; tangaba;/i, ye came ;

tangaba/t, they came.
Ca;npom, a reflexion, censure, re-

proach.

Ca;p, a mass, a lump.
Ca;pe;^t/-teac, tapestry.
ca;/t, vile, base, ordinary ; com-

parat- ta;/ie, or ta;/ie-act, low

pro-

life, baseness.
C<xj^be, t<x/tba,
fit, advantage.
Co.j/tbe<xlac, a ferry, or passage.
C<x;^be<x^t:<xc, profitable, bene-
ficial.

C\v;ribj:e<xc, a thigh.
C<x;^ce<xbatt, prophecy,
C<vjfi-ce;m;ie<x jab, a passage over.
C<vjftc;ie;c, desert, merit.
C<x;/tc;ono.c, mean, vile.

, to force, or thrust
through.
C<x;/teab, praise, commendation,
provision, preparation,
b, showing, or represent-
ng.

C<xj;tean, a descent.
Ca;/te;ni, dispraise, disrepute.
c<v//tejme<xb, disparagement,
or tu;n;^j, a saw.
l, an offering, or obla-
tion.
t jeaj, an imp or graft.

, to prophesy ; ta;rt jfte-
ti, they prophesied ; aj ra;-

cb, foretelling.
, to seek, try, or endea-
vour.

Caj/tjjm, to escape, or get away ;
ex, n;/t tajpj <von b;ob gan ra-
c<i, none of them escaped de-
struction.

d\Wgjl\e, prophecy or divination ;
no. ta;;v^;^e ^-pleabac, nor flat-
tering divination.
C<xj;tgne, a nail.

, a little nail.
, he came.

, to tender, or offer.
n, an offer, or proffer.
C<tjnjm, to live, to exist.

ajt^ne, saw-dust.
, fly over.

trust}-; b/tajjjbe td;/^,
a hostage.

ver> by, beyond ; bo
ta;;tjf , he passed by ;
nn> nevertheless, not-
421

withstanding this.
\, a file.

», to shave off, or file,
ct, love, friendship.
i:, love, friendship; <x j:a-

ceiving promise of fealty and
friendship.

ajMfjm, to love; also to stay,
remain, or continue.

in, a tie or band ; beanajb
Jfjn, form your alli-
ance.

Cajpjfjow, dear, intimate, friend-
ly, trusty.

Cajftjyjorr), a tarrying, stay ; a
dwelling, or continuance.

C<x;nle<xc, moisture.

Cajfileanac, from beyond sea,
transmarine.

C<x;/ileo^a;rD, to appear through.

C<x;/imceat, a circuit.

C<x;nnje, a nail, a pin, or peg.

Cajfinjjm, to draw or pull.

Cajnngte, drawn ; &%uf d cloj-
beam tajrtnjte jon<\ lajm, and
his dra^Ti sword in his hand.

i, a drawer ; tajftnj-
ceojft u;^e, a drawer of water,
ajfinjg, was finished ; 5 ca;/m; j
comtvjfile <xn nao;m, since the
saint finished his advice, L. no.

C<x;^pe<xc, strong, grand, pom-
pous.

, transition.

, from beyond sea.

, to draw, to pull, or
pluck; also to rend or tear. —
Matt. 7. 6.

, a promise ; t;^ t<x-

, the land of promise.
, the hinge of a door;
also a threshold.
;/i^;m, to offer; bo
b6;b

they were offered to them very-
cheap.

, an offer.

from beyond the
mountains.

, to pass over.
, a circuit or compass,
t; j;m, to save.
C<vj;tt;ub, news, or tales,
caj/ttfieo/iajno, to convey.
C<x;/tt/ieo/ita, conveyed.
, wet, moist, dank.
, moisture.

, any dead bodies ; it is par-
ticularly appropriated to those
of the saints, and signifies holy
relics; ta;^e n<x naom, the re-
lics of the saints, i. e. the bodies
of the saints ; as, m;onn<x no,
ndorri, the relics of the saints,
literally the heads of the saints.
The ancient Irish were used to
take solemn oaths : ba/t ta;/~;b,
or m;onna;b no. naoro, respec-
tively ; and mjoflrxx is yet re-
tained among us for that reason
to signify a solemn oath in ge-
neral; vid. mjonn.
<x;^beanab, a demonstration, or
evidence; a vision, or revela-
tion.

to show; traj^be-
bujt, I will show
thee ; taj^beunfrujb fe jab, he
will present them.
C<x;^beanta, shown, presented ;
an ta/ian taj/'beunta, the shew
bread.

Caj^ceallac, espying, viewing.
Ca;^cealab, a betraying.
Cajj'cealab, to view, or observe,
to reconnoitre ; ;ompu;b a/t ecu-
la ja/t trance alab na t;/ie,
they turn back, after viewing the
country.- — //. B.

to lay up, to reserve ;
^-e Tetyi-prmcb, he re-
serveth wrath ; ma. £<*;/•£; no.
C<x;^-beal, a journey, or voyage.
C<x;^-e<xcb, moisture.
Ca;^e<xj, restitution ; it is an in-
flection of <x;y-ea^, or rather of

according to his
substance shall the restitution
be.— Job, 20. 18.
C<xjp5d.lbab, a representation, or

likeness.

Ca;^e<xtba;m, to personate or re-
present; ex.c<x;^e<xlbt:<x/t Cj\jQfc
<x/t <xn cc^tOjp Christ is repre-
sented on the cross.

, a pledge, or stake.
-aj/tm, an armory; Lat. ar-
marium. According to Father
Plunket it may also signify a
storehouse, treasury, from "c^f-
ge, store or treasure, and <v;/tm,
a place, a room.

C<x;^j;b, a hoarding or laying up.
CoLj^gjro, to keep, to lay up safe,
to hoard ; <x;mp^t cum taj^j;b,
<xju^ <x;mr;^ cum cu^t <x mu jtx,
a time to hoard up, and a time to
cast away.

C<x;^5)0ban, a storehouse
Cdjfl; j;m, to be wet or moist.
C<x;;-meang<xb, birth.
Ca;^-te, taches; bo beuno. tu cao-
^ab ta;^ce bo^t, thou shall make
fifty taches of gold.
C<x;^"tecxl, a voyage or journey;
also a straying or wandering;
<xj ta;rtecd cjo^ca, wandering
through regions.

C<x)7"tealac, a vagabond, a tra-
veller.

, to stray, to travel.
, to water.
Caj/'teo.majt, momentary.
, a moment.

c, exchange, traffic.
, and rectius Ajcea^-j, a
repartee, a short smart answer,
ajtleac, peace, quietness; also
peaceable, quiet; also depend-
ing of, or beholding to ; ex. <xn
j:a;b bo m<x;/i D/i;oin n; /tciba^
ta;cleac pie neac ran nobjc,
whilst Brian lived, I never was
beholden to mankind. — Annal.

Imtufdtten.

Ca;tl;a£, a surgeon.

Ca;tl; j;m, to appease or mitigate.

Cajtljoc, an excuse.

Cajtmeac, a loosening, releasing,
or dissolving.

Cajtmeab, remembrance, a me-
morial, a monument.

Cajtneam, splendour, brightness ;
trajtneam na g;ie;ne, sun-shine,
also pleasure, delight ; ta;t-
neam mo cpo;be, the delight
and joy of my heart ; also love,
affection.

Cajtneamac, bright, shining, fair,
beautiful; also pleasant, agree-
able ; com tajtneamac j\jf an
jujan, as bright as the sun.

Ca;tneama7-, pleasantness.

Ca;tn;m, to please, to delight ; bo
ta;rjn an n;b pn n;^-, this thing
pleased him.

Cal, a cooper's axe or adze.

Cat-be;^- and tat-cujt, planes used
by carpenters for the right and
left side.

Calac, or tattac, and tatlan,
dispraise, reproach.

Calac, dissatisfied, murmuring.

Calam, the earth, ground, or soil ;
genit. talman ; <vjc; jteojn; je
na caiman ujle, the inhabitants
of the earth in general.

Calam-cumf£u;z;ab,an earthquake ;
bo /ijnneab t<xlam-cum^;iij<xb
mo;t <xnn, a great earthquake
happened there.

C<xt<xmu;be, or tulmirjbe, of be-
longing to the earth ; <xn Cftujn-
ne talmu;be, the terrestrial
globe.

Cdlan, feats of arms, chivalry.

U<xtca and t<x;tce, force, vigour,
courage.

C<xlcanta, strong, lusty.

C<xtc<i^<i, a generous lover.

C<xtj<xb, a quieting, pacif}ing, or
assuaging.

C<\U, beyond, over, on the other
423

side ; t<xob c<xll bon <xmu;n, be-
yond the river.

C<xU, theft. _

C<xtl, a spoiling or robbing.

UdU, easy; 50 na^t c<xll <x;/i;om,
so that they were not easy to be
counted ; idem quod pun<\f.

C<xll<xjm, to cut; Gall, tailler ; ex.
/to c<xtt<xb <x ceann be, his head
\vas cut off. — Chron. Scot.

U<xlt<x;te, robbed, spoiled.

Catl<x/i, a talent. j.

Callbe, he that deprives or be-
reaves a man of a thing.

C<iUto;;t, a robber.

C<xlm<X77, the gen. of c<xl<xm, the
earth.

C<xlmu;be, of or belonging to the
earth.

dlpa, a mole. There being no
moles in Ireland, the translator
of the Irish Bible used this La-
tin word talpa, which may also
be genuine primitive Irish, as
the Celtic colonies who came
from Gaul and Spain, and were
acquainted with moles on the
Continent, may naturally be sup-
posed to have brought that Cel-
tic name to Ireland.

, wariness, caution.

Cam, truly, certainly; Lat. qw-
dem.

Cam<xc, dull, sluggish.

Camajltre, slothful ; also weak,
faint.

Carnal, a space, a while; tamat
m<x;c, a good way, a good space ;
tramat beag, a little while.

Cam, still, quiet '»y*»

Cam, the plague or pestilence ;
also an ecstasy.

Cama; je, dullness.

Camam, to be silent.

Cam an, the trunk or body of any
thing; a stump or block.

Camanac, a dolt, a blockhead.

Camanta, slow, sluggish.
, slowness.

Cdronajm, to behead, to lop off, or
detruncate; ag tamnab jreaba,
cutting down woods.

Camp/an, a trance, an ecstasy.

Can, at a time ; an tan, when ;
an tan bo tea^-ja^b an lab^ionn,
when the robber died.

Can and tajn, in its inflections, a
country or region, a territory;
gen. tana ; hence it is the ter-
mination of the names of several
countries, viz. Aquitama, i. e.
aquce terra, Lusitania, Britania,
Mauritania, Turditama; hence
also the Irish word tanaj^te, a
lord dynast, a prince or governor
of a country ; in the same man-
ner that the Irish word t;a/ma,
Gr. Tvpavvoq, and Lat. tyran-
nus, may be well derived from
tjft, which in Irish signifies a
country; and the more so, as
tyrannus formerly and origi-
nally signified a king or lord of
a country, exactly like the Irish
word tja/tna, and was not used
in an odious sense to imply a
cruel governor or usurper till
latter ages.

Canajbe, thin, slender.

Canajbeact, thinness.

Cana;j;m, to make thin or slen-
der, to diminish ; also to rarefy.

Cana^'te, a lord or dynast, a go-
vernor of a country. This word
among the old Irish signified the
presumptive and apparent heir
to the reigning prince or lord,
being always the oldest and
most experienced of the family
to command.

Cana;ty~teact, thanistry, or the
thanistic law of regal succession
formerly observed in Ireland, by
virtue of which the oldest and
most experienced of the family
was entitled to succeed to the
sovereignty or lordship imme-
diately after the reigning prince
424

or lord, in whose life-time the
thanist was commander and chief
general of the forces ; it is other-
wise called bl;je tanaj^te.

Canaj^teac and tanaj^tearoa;!,
swaying, or acting like a thanist.

Cana^, dominion, lordship, go-
vernment ; tan a; r tea;", idem.

Canca/tb, a tankard.

Canjaba/i, they came ; bo tajnjj
me, I came ; tanjajb pj, he
came.

C an g man gab, an environing, or
guarding.

Cangnact, fraud, malice, or dis-
sembled grudge; tangact, id.
— Tighern. Ann.

Cannalab, the often bellowing of
a cow by reason of some distem-
per; a ttanalab an ba;^, in
the agonies of death.

Can^ojn, then, at that time.

Caob, a side; o taob 50 taob,
from side to side ; a ttaob, of
or concerning ; taob a ^"t;^,
within ; taob a mu; j, without.

Caobact, presumption.

Caobab, a commission.

Caoba;nn, to incline, to join, or
take part with ; taob bo flj je
}\}y an tt;a;tna, incline thy way
unto the Lord.

Caobajm, to^ trust, or depend on;
na taobu^b^e, trust ye not.

Caoban, a rib or small beam laid
on the rafters of a house ; plur.
taobojn.

Caobo;/i, a commissary.

Caobta, trusted, credited ; also
joined.

Caobto;^, a creditor.

Caobt/iom, great with child.

Caob^l; je, a by-way.

Caobbatc, very puissant, mighty.

Caoba;^e, an apostate.

Cao;b;m, to turn, to revolt.

CaoJ, a trope, a turning or wind-
ing.

Cao;, deaf.

C rf

, silent.
Cao;bme;£-e, a commissar}-.
Caojbnejceam, a commissar)'.
Cao;bne;mn;u jab, a digression.
Cao;-cne;bm, a giddiness or dizzi-

ness.

Cao;-ea/~ab, a giddiness.

C<xo;/-eac, or cuj^eac, a chieftain,
a general.

Caojceannac, silent.

Cao;ceannacc, silence.

Caolomac, a parricide, or one that
kills father, mother, or brother.

Caom, a fit of sickness ; also rage,
madness.

Caom, a bit, a scrap, the least jot ;
n;n jab caom eajla e a ccac,
na <x ccoronejc, he never be-
trayed the least symptom of
fear either in a general fight or
in a single combat.

Caom, ooze, or water, that leaks
through a ship.

Caoma;ne, a drawer, or pump.

Caomajm, to draw or pump up ;
bo caomab an tru;^e bona bua;-
7"l;b cum jbe, the water was
drawn for the gentlemen to drink.

Cao^-, dough ; Brit. toes.

Caoccojn, blame, dispraise.

Caolcuo, a flesh-pie.

Cao^jd, for Cu;-ra, rather; n;b
bu;~ cao^-ga, before, sooner than.

Cao^ab, a pumping, a draining.

Cao^a;m, to drain ; also to pour
out.

Cao^jo}^ and cao/-gu;be, a per-
son employed at the pump.

Cao^ca, drained.

Cap and capajb, quick, active.

Capacc, activity-, nimbleness.

Capa;b;m, to hasten.

C<xp<xb, chance ; also a good hit, or
success ; m;-tdp<ib, mischance,
blunder, or miscarriage; bujne
trApdjb, an active dexterous man.

Cap, contempt ; tapcajpie, idem;
also reproach, an under-valuing.

ta/t, mit of, beyond, also by ; ex.
425

njp. t<\jr>-j-£ rocal can mo beat,
not a word came out of my
mouth; <xj gixbajl tatt bo tjj,
going by thy house : also be-
yond, over against; t«X;t <xn <xm-
d;n, over the river.

C<Xft, rather than, before ; ta;t
c^dnn an bji ejte, more than
any other tree ; bo co j mjfe j
tr<xn n<x bujle mna;b, j«/w o/«/i/-
A«.? illam elegi.

Can and t<x;nM, come thou ; can
pejn, come thyself.

Canabanc, or ca/t-nabanc, squint-
ing.

Cana;l, to go round.

Cana^eac, from beyond the moun-
tains.

Canalpac, transalpine.

Canb, a bull; Gr. ravpoc, and
Lat. taunts, Cor. and Arm. taro,
It. and Hisp. toro, Montan. tanr,
and \V'el. tar it.

Canban, a little bull ; and cajnbjn,
idem.

Canba and canbacc, gain, profit ;
an fdn ca nba, for the sake of gain .

Canbac, or cajnbeac, profitable,
gainful ; neam-canbac, unprofit-
able.

Ca/tbajb, a hindrance or impedi-
ment ; also a misfortune.

Canba; jjm, to profit or benefit ; bo
canba; j ^e onnca, it profited
them.

C a nbanca, grim, stern; like a bull.

Canbe; n jm , to transfer, to carry over.

Canbocnac, a transmarine.

C<xnbajl;m, to pierce or thrust
through.

Canbcana, a parish-bull, a bull
that is common to a whole dis-
trict; from ca;n, a country or
region.

Cancabal, sins or transgressions ;
ex. jrujl an c^tanujab ba;tj:j-
cean can ceann fOcajbe, a
nb;lga qonna aju^ cancabal.
— L. B. The blood of our sal-
3 H

c rf

vation which will be spilled for
many unto the remission of sins
and iniquities.

contempt ; lucb no.

, despisers.

, contemptuous, des-

picable.

, to despise, or con-
temn.

C<x/tce<xnn, moveover, over and
above.

Coiftcean, though, although.

C<x^c;m pMjn, a dead sleep.

C<x/tcoml<xb, a going or marching.

C<x/tcOn<xj/i, a ferry or passage.

C<Xficobac, nought, bad.

Cflfib, he gave.

C<x^tba/ic, squinting, looking askew.

C<Xfte;^ and ta/t ejf, after ; ta/i
elf <x cojt <x/i <x b<x;^, after he
had sent her back.

C<x/ijra;/iiT)eoib, a passing, or ferry-
ing over.

an apparition,
neog, a casement.

Cd/vj;<xb, a governing, or ruling.

>, an assembly.
1^1 j/t<xjb, an expedition.
5, an assembly.

C<x/ijno, i. e. tra/ig-pio, ill-coun-
tenanced.

C^;^l<x, or ta^tldjb ^*e, he happen-
ed, or it came to pass ; bo ta/i-

fleoic, they happened to be basely
drunk.

C<x/tt<x;c, he threw or cast; tdft-
tajcte, was thrown.

to meet ; also to visit,
to draw together, as
sheaves of corn to one place, in
order to make a stack or rick.
C&/tlob, a draught, the bringing

or drawing in corn or hay.
Cd/ilobam, to draw in, or bring to-
gether ; also to seize or lay hold
on; tcv/tla;^ <xn<xcaj/i, trouble
fastens or seizes on.

or tea/inxxn, a sanctuary,
426

or place of protection, like the
Lat. terminus, or such land as
belonged to the church, glebe-
land, which formerly protected
and refuged people in Ireland ;
hence it is still used to mean
protection ; as, t; j;m pib CvX^t-
man, I require your protection, or
I repair to you, as my sanctuary.
C<Xftman, or co^nocin, a great noise
or rustlin.

the transfigura-

tion ; ex. tAfimcftutuTab mjc
be <x/t flj^b Cbabo;-c, tlie trans-,
figuration of the Son of God on
Mount Tabor.— L. B.

C<x/tn<x and tot^na, cross, by ;
botdft t<Xftna, a cross, or by-
road.

C<x/m<xc and taj^tn;c, it was finish-
ed.

C<x/macb, frowardness, perverse-
ness.

C&finocb, mother-naked, or stark-
naked; from rcifi/i, the lowest.
part of the belly; and nocb,
naked ; hence it sometimes sig-
nifies the nakedness, or the se-
cret parts of the body ; <x ttra/t-
nocb, their nakedness.

G<x/tp, a clod, or lump.

C<x/tpan, a cluster ; m<Xft b;o jlu;m
c<xo/t <x;mp/t cnu<ty-<x; j n<x tt<x/t-
pan u;le, as the grape-gleanings
of the vintage.

and ta/ifi<j.b, a belly or
paunch, the lowest part of the
belly.

revenge ;

be o^ita, o;^t bo m<x/tb<xb
ba ceab b;ob, the vengeance of
God fell upon them, for two
hundred of them were slain soon,
after. — Vid. Annal. Innisfcdl.

C<X;t;t<xct:<x;;i, it happened.

C<Xftfi<xb, protection; also attend-
ance.

Ca/ifi<xb, a drawing, or draught.

C<x;i/i<xjuloi;be, a propliet, or*

C cf

soothsayer.

ta; gjl, a prophecy.
ul jl<x;m, to prophecy, or fore-
tel.

ta, drawn, pulled.
;i, it happened.
Ca/tjt jjtaj j, a journey.

ct:, prophecy.
, come thou.
j;m, to save or deliver ;

?t; , as-

sist, assist, O king. The ex-
pression t:drtt<xjT, ta/ttoj j, was
a kind ot'a cry of war among the
old Irish, signifying the same
thing as a moi, a rnoi, among
the French; fdj^t, nxj/t, i. e.
take care, was another cry of
war, the same as qui viue, or
garde, garde, in French.

C<X'tftta;l, preservation, safety ;
also deliverance.

Cfyifttajm, to seize or take hold
of; also to assert or affirm ; ceab
tro/tc ma^t tajt/ttdjm, an hun-
dred hogs, as I assert.

C<Xfi;tt<vjm, to grow.

Ccv/i;iub, a drawing.

C<typx, over, past; over them. —
Prov. 20. 26.

C<x/tpiam, a transom, or beam go-
ing thwart a house.

C<Xfip7am<xm, to swim over.

Ccv/yojbeac, transparent.

Ca.pfOjU.f'j-gjm, to shine through,
or be transparent.

C<x/tt, thirst, drought.

C<xnt<xbo;jt and ta/tt<xl<x;be, a Sa-

viour.

Ca/tt<x;j;ro, to assist or defend.
Ca/tta;l, help, assistance; jrea-t
tciftcala, a helper; jan cci;t-
tajl, without remedy. — Prov. 6.
15.

Cfytcalajm, to assist, to protect.
C<x/itn)<x/t and ca^tirju^, dry,
tliirsty.

, a dwelling, or habitation,
o, to dwell, or remain.
427

slow, tedious.
to reveal or
show thou.

show

n, a nav)%

, an assembly, a mark, or
cavalcade.

Coyco/toim, to march, to migrate.
, a report or rumour.
and c<Xfjab, a task; roaj-
ta^-cu;b, a task-master.
, a slave or servant.
Cat, slaughter; cat n<x jcu/tjtab
a ce;nb, the slaughter of heroes
was his chief practice.
Car, solder, glue.
Cat, withered.

a side.

ta, bail or surety.
tab, they have ; tor<xm, I have.
C<xt<x;je<xc, conversant, acquaint-

ed.

C<xc<x; jeacb, use, familiarity.
Ccvtojm, to kill or destroy ; also to

die.
Caca;^e, a sluggish, trifling fel-

low.

C<xt<xm, to apply.
Cotcam, a nap of sleep.
C<xcao;»i. heavy, dull.
C<xtao;;t, a reproach; also con-

tempt, disregard.

C<xcao^;m, to reproach or despise;
ex. <x Cbajbj na c<xco;/i Co/tna,
Tliady, do not despise or throw
any reflection upon the Poet
Torna.
Caroy, he gathered together, or

assembled.

Ccvc-Bejm, a killing blow, literally ;
but it was anciently used to imply
a certain kind of exercise or mi-
litary game of casting darts out
of the Irish c^ann t<xb<x;t, or
sling. — J id. K. <x mbay C'oon-
/t<xo; m;c £)a;fte.

, a barking ; rid. tapxn ;
<xca;b u;lc na mab/tuj je balba,
n; peabajb tratpxn, they are all
dumb dogs, they cannot bark.

u e

c e

Tliis word seems to be derived
from bap, bap, the barking of a
dog, hence it signifies to rout or
drive away by force, to banish ;
no tatpan <x ^Ijoct; <\f an ttjft,
lie banished his posterity out of
the country.
Catla; jjm, to tame or subdue, to

pacify.

Catlan, a reproach or calumny.
Ct\tu jab, a soldering, or sodering.
Catuj^m, I join, unite, or solder.
Catu;je, acquaintance; n;t ta-
tujie ajum a)/i, I have no ac-
quaintance with him ; bo fcaba/t
na ^Ijjte mo/ia jan tratujje,
the highways were unoccupied.
—Jud. 5. 6.
Catujgjm, I am accustomed or

used ; Lat. soleo.

Catu; jtre and tatujgteac, pub-
lic, frequented; also familiar;
ex. fp;o/iab tatujgteac, a fa-
miliar spirit.
Ce, an te, he that, whosoever;

bon re, unto him that.
Ce, hot, warm.

Ceabta, a large territory in Meath,
which was anciently possessed
by the O'Caharns, the O'Quins,
the O'Confiachas, the O'Muirre-
ganes, and the O'Lachtnanes,
and Ceabra So;/i, in said coun-
ty, possessed by the O'Hagas.
Ceacctajm, a collection.
Ceaccma;;", a hindrance, or impe-
diment.

Ceac, a house ; genit. c; j, raj j,
or to; j ; c; j na mboct: <x^u^ na
^ot<x/i, the poor-house and hos-
pital ; plur. t:; jce ; Lat. tectum,
Gr. reyoc, means any covering
or shelter from the weather.
Ce<xc<xb, pro tdctab, a strangling.
Ce<xcb, coming to a place; <xg
ce<xcb <y^af <xj ;mteacb, going
, and coming, going to and from.
Ce<xcba and tedcbac, a messen-
ger; n; clu;nj:;jecv^ ^utr bo
428

teacbab n;b buf mo, the voice
of thy messengers shall no more
be heard, Nah. 2. 13 ; n; jteac-
ba, an ambassador, or envoy of
a king.
Ceo.cbcx;jte, a messenger; plur.

te<xcbo.;rtjb, the posts.
Ce<xcb<x^ieacc, an errand or mes-
sage ; also tidings.
Ceoicca? jte, strangled.
Ceotct<xb, possession.
Ce<vcm<xjc, it came, or happened.
Ce<xcmoc, riches, wealth.
Ceab, genit. tejbe, a rope or cord, -
a string or wire of a harp ; hence
it is sometimes put for the harp.
Ce<xb<xjb, quick, active.
Ce<xb<x;be. a harper.
Ceabcx/i/KXctojft, an avenger.
Ceabam, to go; te<xb<xm <x/t ccul,
to fail, or lie deficient; teab<xm
<x/t beat, to prevent; teabam
pe, to find or meet with ; nj
tejbeomay me n;ot, I will not
meet thee.

Ce<X3<x/~£, or tetxjdf 5, a teaching
or doctrine ; instruction, advice,
direction.

, sorcery, druidism.

, to teach or instruct;
bo tecxjaj^ f& e, he instructed
him; co^i 30 bte^eo^j<xb ^e
tu, that he might instruct you.
, instructed, taught,
j/t, a teacher, a doc-
tor; cecxja^toj/i bon bl;je
c<xnonb<x, a doctor of the canon
law.

Ce<x j, a house, a room ; te<xf
leapta, a bed-chamber ; via.
tecxc.

, a vapour, or exhalation.

a small room or closet ;
also a case for the better pre-
serving of any thing.
Ce<x j<xllac, most commonly te<x j-
l<xc, a house or habitation ; also
household, of or belonging to a
house or family ; ceagMc an

r e

nj j, the king's household ; tea j-

l<xc pro tea j-tucb.
Cea jam, to heat or warm, to grow
_ hot.
Ced jldcdf% soothing, flattering :

also playing the parasite.
Ced jldc, a sumptuous house, court,

or palace ; also a family or house-
_hold.

Cedjldbdc, fair-spoken.
Ced jld; jjm, to soothe or flatter.
Cedjmdjl, meddling, or inter-

fering.
Cedgmdjm, to meet ; ted;z;mdm le

cejle, let us meet together ; bo

tedjmdjl otr, to meet you ;

also to happen or fall out ; ma |

tedgmdnn, if it happens ; cneb

jrd tredjmdn fO bu;nn .' why is

this befallen us .'
Ced£mu;;-edc, accidental, on ad-

venture, at random.
Cedldc, a loosing.
Cedljdb, a casting:, or hurling.
Cedltd and trealtdc, the earth ;

on tredlldc, from the earth ; Gr.

rtAoc, dung. — fid. Hexych.
CedUdcog, a domestic concubine.
CedUdm, to steal ; tedlpxbd/i,

they stole.
Ceallun, idem quod realtd, the

earth ; Lat. tpllure, a tellu*.
Ce<xm<x;n, pleasant, agreeable.
Ce<xma;^, Tara in Meath, the seat

of the ancient kin^s of that pro-

vince.
ceo-mpult, a church or temple ;

Lat. temphrm ,- Of cujnne <xn
_ trecimpujU, before the temple.
Ce<xn, rid. treann.
Ce<xn<xm and ce<xnum, let us go;

te<inum fu<\f, let us go up ;

re<xnum <xnn fjn, let us go thi-

ther.
Ceanam, to wreath or twist ; also

to mingle. — Is. 9. 11.
ceanbcmjbfieab, fervency.
ceanco;^, a pair of tongs, or a

pair of pincers : te;r na recin-

cu;n;jjb, witli the tongs; <x re-
<vnco;n;be, his tongs.

j-jjro, to press, to squeeze
close, or wring hard.

and genit. cea/ijAjn, a
tongue ; also a dialect, tongue, or
language; fan te<xn^<xjn L<xjb-
ne, in Latin idiomate, which
was anciently written bjnguaj
Suec. tunga, Dan. tunge, Belg.
tonge ; plur. cednjca. and te-

Ce<xn ja^, a pair of pincers.
Ce<inn, stiff, rigid ; also bold, pow-

erful; 30 recinn l<xjb;^, bold

and strong.
Cecuin<j.b, stiffness, rigidness; also

violence.
Ceannajm, to strain, to bind

strait; te<xnnam ^e <xju^ pjf,

to embrace, to stick close to ; bo

ceann r\jf e jb^n <x ba Idjm, he

embraced him between both his

arms.
Ce<X77n<x;ne, the roaring of the sea

in a cave.

CeanngUT, stiff and strong.
Ce<vr>nl<xm, tinder-box fire.
Ceann^ttb, a shewing, manifesta-

tion, or discovery.
Ce&nn-^ojt, abundance, a full

meal.

, a press, or bruising ;
teanntra, a wine press, or

a cider-press ; ne<xc <i ttreonn-

t<x, one in a strait, or in jeo-

pardy ; tea/intra, near, close by ;

<iob<x jf ceannca, a pain in the

reins, with an oppression.
Ceannro., joined.
Ce<vnnrn<xjbe, grief, sorrow.
CeannO'tcanu^, cantus medium, or

the counter-tenor in music.

a separation.

, fewer rare; <ty- tea.nc bd
nac fu<x;/t lean, there

are few brave men but met with

disappointments.
ceancab and re; nee, fewness.

scarcity, rareness ; tea/tea 6ujb-
ne, a small number of men.

, a limit; Wei. tenvyji,
and Lat. terminus ; also glebe-
land, protection; be;t;b tea/t-
iDdjn, tutelary gods; #zW. t<x^i-
m<xnn ; Gr. ttpnovtq, limits or
boundaries.

and te<x/troanu;be,
a patron or protector ; also one
of the same country.
Cea/trxxno and tea/inobajm, to es-
cape, to recover; also to fall
into a fit; bo tecx/incxjb ;on<J,
coblab, he fell asleep.
Ceartnob, a fall, hap, chance.
Cedftnob, a recovery from sick-

ness, a convalescence.
ce<x/tnob<vjm, to escape, to fly from,
to evade.

", heat, warmth.
, the south ; <xr> c<xob teoy,
southward.

b and te<X;-a/tg<vj;7, a
rescuing, or delivering from any
hurt or danger.

ea^<x/i^a;m, to save, or rescue,
to deliver from danger.
eafbac, sultriness, heat of wea-
ther.

., hot baths.

d; j;m, to prove or try ; also
to fail ; n; te<xfbocu;b ua;t,
there shall not fail thee.
ea^bujab, a trial. — 1 Pet. 4.
12.

ecyjajdjm, to preserve.
ea^£<xt, a singeing wind, a storm ;
also a wave or billow.

, to cut or lop off';

till his head was parted from his
body.
dY^fi&b, fervent love, zeal.

<xc, sultry, or warm wea-
ther.

d^CAJAb, experience, trial, a

discussing or sifting of a matter;

also absence; tecx

430

signifies testimony.

j;m, to testify, or bear '
witness; also to lack, need, or
want; nj/t ce<x^cci;j e^nnjb,
nothing was wanting ; bo tecx^-
t<x; j f&, he died.
a^ta;l, want, defect,
a^-tun, a groat, four-pence ; Ital.
testoni, from fe,?to, a head which
was stamped on it.

uj je, hot, burning.
Cea^u;beact:. a heat, or warmth ;
tea^u;be<xct: jrola, a heat of
blood.
Ceatab and te;te, a flight, or

running away.

Ceat<x; j;m, to celebrate, or solem-
nize.

Ceatum, to flee, or run away ;
te;t, flee thou ; bo te;c fe, he
fled ; bo ce;teaba/i, they fled.
Ceat/i<x, the sea.
Ceat;t<x, the Royston crow.
Ceb;m, to frustrate or disappoint ;
bo te;B fe, he failed. It is now
pronounced tep;m.
Cec, a bone.
Ceb<x;b, wild, fierce.
Ceba/i/iact;, revenge, or vengeance.
Cebmneac, furious, headlong.
Cebno^, fierceness ; also severity.
Cejea^t^dc, a purchaser.
Cej, or te;t, hot, scalding.
Cejba;l, ground-rent.
Ceju^t, a ])urchase.
Ce;b;db, a drawing, or taking

away.

Ce;bea;ipx;m, to drop or distil ;
tjbea/i^n na pld, the drop-
ping or blood.

Ce;b;be, physicians; beotjtla na
te;b;b, a mixed Irish used by
the physicians.
Ce;c, he run away, or absconded :

vid. te^tam.

Cejcljbe, quiet, peaceable.
Ce;b, he went; vid. teabotm, (<>
go ; te;b ^-e, he goeth ; te;b
, tliey go.

c e

Ce;b-cle<Xf a;be, a rope-dancer.

Ce;be, a smooth, plain hill ; also
a fair.

Ce;bm, a great loss ; also death.

Ce jbmneac, perverse, quarrelsome.

Ce;b-^"joblac, a rope-dancer.

Ce;b;n, a small cord or rope ; the
diminut. of trejb.
ejTeamu^, shall happen, or be-
fal ; Cfieb ce^eamu^ bam ann,
what shall befal me there.

Cejj and tejb, go thou; from
ceabam, to go ; te; j a /reac,
go in ; tejgeomajb, it shall come
to pass; 50 ttejjeomab, per-
adventure.

Ce; j;olla;~, a salamander.

Ce;le, c/iann treble, a lime-tree,
or linden, Is. 6. 13; tejleaj,
and Cftann te;le6jje, «/*?>« .

Cejlgean, a casting, or throwing ;
also a vomiting.

Cejljjm, to vomit ; also to cast
forth, to overturn ; bo ce;tj bun
Of cjqnne, he overturned him ;
tejljjb fe, he throws ; tejlTjrjb
re amac ;ab, he shall cast them
away ; bo cejlgeabart amac jab,
they drove them out; te;t^;m
bnejceamna^, to guess.

ce;lj-l;on, a casting-net.

Cejl; jjm, to refuse or reject.

Cejl)|jm, to build.

Cejl) jteac, fertile.

Uejl;^-, a house or habitation.

Cejmeal, dross.

Cejmeal, dark, obscure; also dark-
ness; p5ft tuaca;b C;neano baj .
tejroeal, super populos Hiber- \
nice erant tenebrce.

Cejmeal, a shadow, shade, or co- i
vert ; diminut. tejmeala/7.

Cejmljajab, a darkening, or ob-
scurins.

Cejnnbeatac, perverse, obstinate.

Cejnne, power, force.
• Ce;ne, fire ; le tejnnjb, with fire.

Ce;nmeab, a cutting or dividing,
an opening.

431

c e

and tejnn;o^, a disease
or disorder; tejnnjo^ clojnne,
labour or travail in cnildbirth.
e^nteac, lightning.

c, a flash of lightning.

, to cast lightning.
Cejftce, scarcit\T, fewness ; rid.

teanc.

Cejncpeolac, lean, meagre.
Ce;/ieab, a commendation.
, to fail, to be spent.

three pound weight.
, increase, growth.

that they halted atTara.— . Chron.
Scot.

ce and re;^te, a dropping
or distilling.

Ce;c, hot, warm.

Ce;t, fly thou ; vid. ceatram.

CejCceam, flight ; bo cajj\ euro
tejcceam ^tuajjre na neac-
b^annac, he put to flight the ar-
mies of the strangers.

Ce;teab and te;r;om, idem, and
genit. te;tme.

Ce;tmeac, a fugitive or renegade ;
tujtjrjb a tejcm; j u;te lejf an
cclojbeam, all his fugitives shall
fall by the sword.

Ce^tnea^ac, hast}7, in haste ; rec-
tius be;tnjo^"ac.

CejCne, one that plays on a taber,
or timbrel ; Lat. tympanista.

Cetac, a loosing.

Celj jreac, fruitful.

C elliz^i, the earth ; Lat tell us.

Ceme, death; also weakness, sick-
ness.

Ceo;ji, three in number, rather
thrice; Lat ter ; treo/ta, idem.

Ceojft-peac, a trident, or three-
pronged instrument.

Ceo;n;olac, triumph.

Ceojpt-jnneac, three-footed ; also-
tliree-forked, that hath three
points.

Ceol, plenty, abundance.

Ceol, a thief; noa/t bajnteola, as a

C J.

)

thieving woman.

Ceo/ta, gen. ceo/tan, a border, a
bound or limit ; ^ejnteo/ux <xn
the ancient land-

mars.

Ceo/i<x, three or thrice, idem quod

, treo;/i; teo/ia la a%uf ojbce,
three days and three nights.
o^ctxn, the space of three hours.
6/ig<Xfi-<xtd.jru Lat. tritavus, the
great grandfather's great grand-
father.

c, three-footed ;
treo/i-copxc, a tripod.
i- j abide, three-forked.

Ceo/i- jajfibe, triumph.

Ceo;i-la;tean, three days' space.

Ceo/i-u;Uean and treo/iujle, a tri-
angle.

CeO;i-u j llean nac, triangular.

Ce/in6b, to fall ; £0 tte^nob jona
cObla, that he fall asleep.

Ce/mob, escaping.

Cet, a taber, or drum.

Cet, the north ; tete, idem.

Cet, fine, smooth.

Cetjn, Lat. ft'taw, the sun ; amajl
tec;n, like the sun. This word
seems to be derived from the
Irish word te;t, hot, warm.
Qucere, if the name of the peo-
ple called Titans may have any
connexion or affinity with this
word te;t;n, which perhaps may
be more properly written tea-

Ceutlob, bo ceulto ^e, he stole
away, or he withdrew.

nob, <xg teu/inob m<x/i blat
lu;be, passing away as the
flowers of the grass.
C;, he who, him that ; bon c; <xta,
to him that is ; <xn tj &f oj-gc,
tlie younger.

CJ, unto, to ; from t; j;m, to come ;
jo tc;, until ; 30 ct; ^o, hither-
to ; 50 tt) <xno;^-, until now.
C;, design, or intention ; bo ^ab<x-
^i t:;, they intended ; bo
432

5; aft cj mo ma;ibca, he design-
ed to kill me.

Cj<xc<x;/i, perverse, ill-disposed.

C;<xc/t<x, prudence.

CJactajb, a common haunter or
resorter, a guest or customer.

C;<xct<x;nf), to attend, to accom-
pany ; also to go to, or arrive at ;
ex. ja/i t;<xcta.;n bo;B o C/7<x;-
real, after their arrival from
Cashel.

CJ<xb<xn, a stone, or testicle.

C;<xg, or c;<x j, and t;<xcoj, a bag,
or wallet.

Cj<x ju;m, to come to ; t;a jujb <x^,
they vanish ; t;<x^<x;m <x/t co-
ma^tce, I appeal.

CJamba, dark, obscure.

C;<xmb<x, slow, tedious ; n;^t jnjom
t;amb<x, it was an action of ex-
pedition.

C;<x/in<x, a lord spiritual or tempo- ../.
ral, a prince or ruler ; Gr. rv-
pavvos, and Lat. tyrannus, Brit.
teyrna, all from the Celtic word
t;/i, a country, because chief
lord or king of a country ; vid.
ta;n, supra. This word is taken
in the Irish in a good sense as it
formerly was in the Greek and
Latin.

C;<Xftn<xr> dominion, or lordship; r
Wei. tyrnas, Gr. Tvpawia.
), a testicle.

ei, a tripe ; Lat. omasum.
a tide.

, industry, contrivance.

Cjbeab, laughter ; tfijf, he laugh-
ed.

C;b<x/i^"an, springing, spouting,
overflowing; ex c;Be^dn n<x
bjljnne, the overflowing of the
waters of the deluge. — L. B.

C;b-jpJ<xc<x;l, the foreteeth.

C)b;m, to laugh.

C;b/te, a fool, one that is constantly
laughing.

C;b/te<3ic and t;b^;j, given to
laughing.

, to spring;

t, spring up fountain.
£, treaj, and te<xc, genit. tjje,
a house ; rjj ca;^;b, a store-
house ; Wei. ty, a house.
C; je and tjjedcb, thickness, fat-

a, circumcised.

crcumcson

ness.

, domestic, of or belong-
ing to a house.

C; jean, a bag, or satchel.

C;je<Xftn<x, a lord or sovereign.
This word is more properly
written t;<x/tna, by which it bet-
ter agrees with all the other lan-
guages; but this corruption has
been introduced by rhymers in
order to make up three syllables.
This epenthetical addition of
letters, as well vowels as conso-
nants, is indeed very common
among the Greek poets, particu-
larly Homer, who in the first
line of his Iliad has two poetical
additions of the like nature; vid.

, dominion, lordship.
and rj je<x/-<xcb, husban-

dry ; also house-keeping.
C; jea^ac, a house-keeper.
CJ^ea^jm, to manage a farm, to

lollow husbandry.
^J&Jm> to go ; also to come ; m<x/t

t; j tu, as thou comest ; ba fcj-

jjb roe cugujB, if I come unto

you.
Cjj, a welt, or impression remain-

ing in the flesh after a wound ;

<xn tj; jl^r nj be<xc<x; j be, the

green welt remained always. —

L. B.

Cjte, much, many, a great deal.
C;le<xb, a ship.
C;m, and genit. tjme, fear, dread ;

Lat. timor.
C;mce<xl, about, thereabout, be-

sides; rjroceal n<x m<xc;tA;be,

beside the oung men.

, circumcision.
, to circumcise.
433

also to circumcise.

Cjmcjll- j

ra, circumcised.
C;mc;oll, or cjmpc;otl, a circuit

or compass; also about, round

about.
C;mc;oU<3.b, a surrounding or en-

vironing ; also ambition.
C;mcjoU<x;m, to encompass or sur-

round; tjmcjolhxxo;, ye shall

encompass.
C;mc;oUta, surrounded or envi-

roned.
C;mbj6e, a lessening or abatement;

also ruin or destruction.
Cjme, pride; also dignity, estima- •

tion. This is the root of the

Latin compound word estimot

estimatio,v,-\\\ch root is also pre-

served in the Greek Ttjtxi], ho-

nour.

C;me, heat, warmth.
C;me, fear, dread ; Lat. timor.

This word t;me makes two syl-
_ lables, as if written t:;-me.
Cjmeac, hot, warm.
CJroeat, or tjmpl, darkness ; also

a glimmering or shady light ;

ex. bo c;m cjmeal bej, I see a

little glimmer or shade of light
C;ir>e<xl<xc, or c;m;ol<xc, dark, ob-

scure ; Arm. teval, dark.
C;meo.ftnab, to celebrate or solem-

nize; j\o

0

\a.jnn TO pu)nne majnbe
b;ci Lu<xjn, the festivity of Sun-
day was solemnized from Ves-
pers on Saturday until Monday
morning. — L. B.
jmtrjfte, a minister, servant, or
agent; tjmtrj/tjbe <xn ced^ba,
the ministers or executioners in
the crucifixion of our Lord.
;mt;^ea.cc, ministration, service.

, or tjon, to melt or dissolve.
Cjn, gross, fat ; also soft, tender.
, a beginning.
3 i

C;nc/ie<xc<xb, a prey.
C}nc;cyb<xl, a march.
Cjnetfy-, thickness, closeness.
C jng and teanjd, a tongue.
Cjnje and t;nne, strange, won-

derful, surprising.

or t;nne, almost, little want-

ing of; ex. t;nje nac <x^i m<x/i-

bab me, I was almost killed.
, to thaw or dissolve.
, the understanding.
C;nn or te;nn, sick.
C;nn, an inflexion of the adjective

fce<xnn, strong, stout, bold, which

is often prefixed to compound

words, and forms the first part

thereof, as cjnn-ea^n<xc.
Cjnne, the letter C according to

O'Flaherty.
C;nne<ty", or trjnnjoj-, a disease, or

sickness ; t;nne<x^ <vlt, the gout;

tjnneaf mo/1, the falling sick-

ness.
Cjnne<xp7<xc, stout, strong of body;

literally, tough ribbed.
C;nn/i;oiD, a finishing or conclu-

sion.

ftci, a portion or dower ; pa
ftebeccxx <xn ce<xb be<xn j: ua;^i
t;r?J?7"c;i<\. yo.n borrxxn, Rebecca
was the first woman living that
was portioned or dowered. —
L.B.

CJnnteac, lightning.
Cjnntecxgoil, corruption.
CJnnte&n, a hearth.
C;nnt; je, fiery ; pfibpuf "cjnn'cj-
be, a burning ague ; l<x^;tac
je, a flash of lightning.

l, instruction, j udicious-
ness.

, a ton weight.

great haste, expe-
dition ; bo t; jeact tfte tjntjn-
«, to come in post haste.

and t;ob^<xb, a well ; o
x;b, from the fountains.

, the Irish name
of the town called Tipperary,
434

literally signifying the well of
the country, or territory called

, they shall come;
, he shall come.
c, a bag, or budget.
Cjobal, a title, epitaph, or monu- \~

ment ; t;obu;l 7-ple<xb<xc<x, flat-

tering titles.

Cjoblacab, a gift or present.
C;obl<xc<xjm, to present or bestow;

bo t;obl<X)c j~e bu;c, he hath

given thee.

C;obla;ct:ea.c, bountiful.
C;obn<xc<xb and t;obn<vcal, a pre-

sent or offering, a favour.
C;obn<xc<X)m, to dedicate, to offer

up, or deliver ; bo t;obr7<xjc bo

£>b;<x <x co/tp cngcty" <x <inoim, he

offered up his soul and body to

God.

C;o j<x,t, a tiger.
C;om<xlt:<x^, victuals, eatables.
Cjom<xll<xjro, to eat ; ex. ma;ye

baojne nj t;omall<xc, escis ho-

minum non vescebatur. — Brog.

Vit. Brig.
cjoroanajro, to drive or turn away,

to push or thrust off; tjorocijn

<vj/i, fall upon him ; bo trjom^j-

netxba/t Jab, they chased them.
C;omajij<xb, a collection.
Cpma/tjajm, to collect, or gather

together.

Cjom<x/in<xb, a command.
C;om<x/tn<x;m, to order or com-

mand.

C;oiDca^te, pity, mercy.
C;omc/to;beac, tender-hearted.
, a request.

, to ask or require.
and c;omn<xb, a will or

testament ; <xn t;omna nuab, the

New Testament; <w y-e<xn c;-

omna, the Old Testament; also

a covenant.
Cjomndjip, to make a will ; also to

swear.
C;ompan, a timbrel, taber, or drum ;

C J

C J

;te t;ompanujB,withtabers; Lat.
tympanus.

C;ompan<xc and t;ompanu;be, a
harper, a minstrel ; mac an
tjompanujbe guj^ an teab, the (
harper's son to his harp, a kind '
of proverb.

Cjonyayjjm, to collect, or bring
together.

tjomfu jab, collection.

Cjomujn, bo tjomu;n ^e <x /"pjo^tab
Tfua^-, he gave up the ghost; ba
tjomujnt: jrejn, cursing himself.

Cjonab, a melting or dissolving.

Cpncaft, attendance.

Cjonca;pn, the sight.

Cpnco^j, instruction.

Cpn/taro, attendance.

C;onn/-cnab and trjonnj-jnam, a
beginning ; also a device, a pro-
ject, or purpose; also a plotting
or conspiracy ; b/toc-tjonj-cnaiT)
and buoc-tjon^ajn, a bad be-
ginning, or setting forth.

Cjonn^-cnajm, to begin ; bo tjonn-
T^gnabaft a. ttru/tu^, they began
their journey ; bo rjonn^cnaba/t
olc, they devised evil ; m<x^ bo
tjonnf-ca;n me, as I have pur-
posed.

C;on^cum or tjonf^ajn, a begin-
ning.

Cjonn^-gfta, a reward, a portion,
or dowry.

C;onnu;t, a slumber or nap ; t;on-
nu^t coblata, a nap of sleep.

Cjonol, a congregation, or assem-
bly; 7"tu<xj bo cjonol, to raise
an army ; tjonot mo^t baojne, a
great assembly of people ; hence
c6m-t;on6t, a congregation, or
convention.

C;onol<x;m, to convene, to assem-
ble ; bo tjOnolaban <x gcjonn <x
ce^le, they assembled together.

Cjon^a; jjm, to assemble or gather
together; tjOn^ujab, idem.

C;onf<xn<xb, a dropping, or flowing
down.

435

, to drop, or distil.
C;on^cantrac, adventurous, dili-

gent, industrious; 50 ;iajb a/?

toganac tjon^cantac, that the

young man was industrious.
CjOn^cjia, a buying or purchasing ;

also a reward, a stipend.
Cjon^jobal, a managing or pro-

jecting ; also industry.
C;onto/xy, haste, speed, expe-

dition.
Cjonuj j, frequenting, or dwelling

from time to time in a place ;

hence the compound com-cjo-

nu;j, (corrupts comnuj^e,) a

constant dwelling.
Cjonuft, a tenon ; moj^tjf Q-ZUf

t;onu/i, a mortise and a tenon.
Cjonu^, a tanner's yard, or tan-

house.

C;op<xl, a water-spider.
C;o/tam, tlireshing.
C;o/tcinac, a tyrant ; Lat. tyran-

nus. Tliis word is formed upon

the Latin word turanmts in its

• i • •
present acceptation, being intro-

duced into the Irish language by
those who probably did not con- —
sider that that Latin word was
formed upon the Celtic word
tja/tna; vid. t;a/tna; and trjj-
ea/tnd, supra.

, tyranny.

a reward.
c, drought.
CjO/imcx; j;m, to dry up, to make
dry ; no 50 c;^maj jeab na bajf-
jeaba fuaf on ttalam, until
the waters were dried up from
oft' the earth.
CjOft/fCO, the plur. of tr;;t, coun-

tries.

C;o/t/tCd.c, a countryman, of the
same country ; also a patriot.

, a title ; vid. t;0bdl, Lat — f
titulus.

the sun; Lat. titon; vid.

C;peab, a regulating, or disposing

C L

€ 0

of things in order.
CJ;t, and genit. t;^te, land, coun-
try, a region; Lat. terra, Wei.
and Corn, tir, Hisp. tierra, Gall.
terre, and Turcice, z'er.

tA, proper and peculiar
to one's home or country.

, a geographer.
, dry.

j, demesnes, a mansion-
house.
C;u j, thick ; also latter, last ; ex.

t;;u j pl<vjt, the last king.
C;ubfiu;b, a well or cistern; vid.

, to give, to deliver up ;
vid. t<xb^i<x;m ; nj t;ub;t<x tu,
thou shalt not deliver up; ba
tt/ubfid. tu bcxro, which thou
shalt give me.

Cjucjrujb and trjucjru; jtea/t, to be
mentioned, to be come, to hap-
pen; nj trjucjrujjea/i, it shall
not be come; nj c;ucj:u;je<Xfi
co^im, there will be no mention
made of me.

C;u j, thick ; pxo; je<XT<\}b t;u j<x,
under the thick boughs; <xcc;uj
no. bjro/i<xo;^-e<xc, in the thick-
ets of the forest, Is. 9. 18 ;
Wei. ten.

C;u j, the last ; also the end.

Cjuja and t;ug<ty~, thickness.

Cju j-mujllean, a tucking-mill.

C;u ju j<xb, a condensing, or a mak-
ing thick.

Cl<xcb, pleasure, delight.

Cl<xcb, a fair or market.

Clacb, a garment, or vesture.

ClvXcb-<x;^iiD, a market-place.

Ckicbab, a burying.

d<vcb<x; jjm, to inter or bury.

Cl<xcb<xm, to colour.

Clacb-boj<xb, a quicksand, a quag-
mire.

Cl<xcb-ba;le, a market-town.

Cl<xcb-bot, a booth, or tent in a
fair.

ofl, an instrument
436

to make floors smooth.

b, an earthquake.

, the same.

Cl<xcbj<x, as cjne clacbjd, a fire
kindled for the summoning all
the Druids to meet on the first
of November to sacrifice to their
Gods; they burned all the sa-
crifice in that fire, nor was there
any other fire to be kindled that
night in Ireland. — Vid. K. in
Cu<xt<xl Ce<xctirxx^, where more
of their ancient customs before
Christianity may be found.
Cld.cbjfio.bab and tloictj/KxJbe-

<xct, geography.

ClAcbmuft, pleasant; also smooth.
Cl<xcc, a veil or garment.
Cl<xct:, colour.
Cl<xctr, the earth.
Cl<xctm<xc, fumitory.

:, geography.
, a strawberry.

, the same.
, weak-spirited, timorous.

, a fair.

, or "clay, catde ; ctj^ne;^,
, and c;tob, are of the same
signification.

Cl<xt<x_jm and tl<xf aj j;m, to reduce,
to weaken ; Gr. 0Aaw, elido,
frango.
Ct), colour.

Clu and tlu j, a pair of fire-tongs.
Claf, a lie, or untruth.
Cluj^A; jeacb, dissimulation.
Cnu, and genit. tnuc<x, fire ; jrojt

tnuc, upon the fire.
Cnub and tnut, envy ; also indig-
nation ; also expectation ; bo b;
fe <xj tnat leoir, he expected
you ; also he depended on you.
Cnut<xc, envious, jealous; also a

rival.
Cnucajm, to envy ; tnutu) jeab<x/<,

they envied.

Cnuto;/i, a jealous lover.
Co, dumb, mute ; also silence ; ex.
to r& Idb/ta, silence

C 0

C 0

is better than talkativeness.

Co, a tongue.

Coamalacb, silence.

Cobac, sudden, surprising.

Cobalt, a well; aj an ttoba/t,
at the well; toba^ beu;t, a foun-
tain of tears; genit. tjobjia, from
boba/t, water, or bu;t, idem,'
Gr. v&op.

Cobac, to wrest ; nj mo labec/ta^*
tu <x ccuj^ bo claonab le mo-
j\iw bo toba<i bfte;teamna;7",
neither shalt thou speak in a
cause to decline after many for
resting judgment.

Cobta and toba, chosen, elect;
Heb. 2ND, signifies good; Lat.
bonus. This word is commonly
written tojta.

Cocab, or tacab, prosperity.

Coed, love ; also loving.

Coca, choice.

Cocajlt, digging ; also a mine or
quarry.

Cocalta, dug, digged.

Cocamtajb ^eact lanamno acu^
ba fjtjb fie mac m;leab, forty-
seven married couple marched
along with the son of Milesius.

C6ca/t, a causeway, a pavement.

C6ca;i, a crowd or multitude, a
great quantity ; tocaft mo^t e;rg,
a great shoal of fish. — rid.
Tighern. Annal.
, a dowry.

Coca/tajf, the winding of thread
on a bottom of yarn, &c.

Coc<Xft<xjpm, to wind up.

CocdfKty-ta, wound up.

Cocb, a fit or trance ; tocb jujt, a
fit of crjing or weeping.

Cocb, a bed-tick.

Cocb, silence.

Cocb<xc and tocb<xm<x;l, quiet, still,
silent.

Cocb<x;m, to be silent ; bo tocbo.-
bd;t, they ceased speaking, or
were silent

Coce;m, a slow step or pace.
437

Coctajm, or tactajm, to dig, to

root, to rase out; bo cocujt fe

<xm<xc jab, he rooted them out ;

tojceolujb tru, thou shalt dig;

cocalcaoj tog, ye dig a pit;

cocla;b 50 nujje a bjocba^,

raze it to the foundation.
Cocfia, a gift or present.
Coct, a piece, or fragment.
Coctam, to silence.
Cocca, chosen, pro to jra.
Cocujl, ju/i tocu;l me, that I

digged; rid. toclajm.

, or raca^", the cutaneous

disorder called the itch; also

any itching.

Cocomtab, a stepping or striding.
Cobo.^", silence.
Cobe/tnam, punishment.
Coboca;be, the time to come, or

future time.

Cojra^-. the topaz stone.
Coga;be, chosen, choice, select ;

meJ/T5e ^r10"1 °Wt& o p;on tro-
jajbe, they were very drunk
from choice wine. — L, B.

Cogbajl, a taking ; also a shewing,
or demonstrating.

Cojbajm, to take, to raise or lift
up; bo toj fe a ^u;le yu^f,
he lifted up his eyes; COJTCO-
bujb fe fuaf ^o ceann, he shall
lift up thy head ; also to carry
or take away.

Coja, a choice; toja bujne, a
good man.

Cojaj;tm, a summons or citation
of one or more to appear; ex.
bo cu;;t tojaj/tm a/i cu^aba;b
Connact jo C/tuacujn, he sum-
moned the champions of Con-
naught to Cruachan.

Cofaj;tm, a prayer or intercession;
also a petition or request.

Co jam, to choose; coj amac
bu;nn bao;ne, choose us out
men ; bo to j fe, he hath chosen ;
toipa me, 1 will choose. This
vero is always pronounced to-

C 0

Ka;m and toB, and more pro
perly written so, as the Hebrew;
have HD, bonus, plur. OoitO
agreeing perfectly with our toBa,
or toBta.

Co |- jut, consent, voice, suffrage.

Co jta, chosen, elect. More pro-
perly written and pronounced
toBa, or toBta ; Heb. 31D, bo-
nus.

Coju;l, a destruction, overthrow-
ing, or laying waste ; to ju;l na
C/i<xo;, the destruction of Troy.

Cog/ia, a_ choice; bo ;-ie;/i toj;i<x
<x c/io;be, according to the pur-
pose of his heart.

Cojfiajm, to please with, or desire;
no 50 ttog/ta ye pe;n, till he
please ; also to choose ; bo to-
grtd.ba/1, they chose ; also to de-
sign or intend ; noc to^eo/iuy,
that intendeth.

C6jt<x, heaved, or lifted up.

Co;, or t<xo;, a bearing, a birth.

Co;Be;m, a reproach, a stain or
blemish ; <x 6; j gan to;Be;m, O
immaculate Virgin (Mary.)

Co;Be;me<xc, stained, polluted ;
also reproachful.

Co;B/i;m, to appear ; bo to;B/ieab
txjngetxl, an angel appeared.

Cojce, wealth, worldly substance.

Co;ce, an opprobrious name given
to a young woman of bad be-
haviour.

Co;ceac and to;ce<xtr)oi;l, rich,
wealthy.

Co;c, land or ground, a district or
territory.

Co;c, a natural right or property ;
to;c bu;t Be;t <xb ;t; j, you have
a natural right to be king.

Co;ce<xl, a journey.

Co;ce<im(Xc, gradually, step by
step.

Co;ceb, an arrest; also confisca-
tion.

Cojcebte, confiscated.

438

C 0

Co;c;ol, victory.

Co;c;m, a going, or departing.

Co;c;oybal, and commonly said

toybal, arrogancy, presumption.
Co;c;oyb<xlac, or toyb<xl<xc, pre-

suming, self-opinionated ; it is

sometimes taken in good part;

as yluaj to;c;oyb;ol<xc, a de-

lightful army.
Co;cneab, a fast.
Co;beoL/tnam, punishment.
Co;bl; j, a flame, or blazing fire.
Co;j:l;un, heat, warmth.
Co;j:l;un<xc, hot, scalding.
Co; j, a house ; vid. t; j.
Co;gea;tn<xm, punishment, suffer-

n.

Co;l, the will or desire ; becvnto;l
<xma;n, with one accord; Gr.

Co;le<xc and to;leam<x;l, willing,

voluntary.

Cojleamlact and to;leay, willing-
ness.

Co;l-jce;bmn; j;m, to enjoy.
Co;l; j;m, to be willing.
Co;l; jte, willing.
Co;lju jab, a willingness, or a being

willing.

Co;lle, a hollow or cavity.
Co;ll;n, diminut. of toll, a little

hole.

Co;l;/tel, obstinate.
Co;lteac, voluntary.
Co;lteacb and tojlteamlact, wil-
lingness.

Co;lteanac, willing, voluntary.
^o;mb; j, a tincture.

b;mjr;-iea5;t<x;no, to answer.
ro;iril;m, to eat.
o;myeac, a farm.
'6;n, genit. of ton, the breech.
'o;r>, the tone or accent ; Lat. to- .
mis, and Gr. TOVOQ.
b;neal, a trance; also astonish-
ment.

Co;neam, a salmon.
"o;ne<xm, a monument.
'o;n;ub, a coming, or going.

C 0

c 0

Cojnnearii, death.
Co;nnle<xpvjjte5;/i, a currier, a

tanner.
Cojnte IJn, a spindle of thread ;

also a surgeon's tent
Co; ft, a churchyard; ^e<xnt;o;^, an
old barring-place.

, of or belonging to a church,
i, a pursuit, or diligent search
after a person or thing ; <xn tojjt,
the pursuers ; <x t<x <xn toj^i <xro
g, I am closely pursued.

pursuit; <x tt6;/te<xct,
n pursuit.

Turlogh, a man's
name, i. e. one whose features or
countenance resemble that of the
Celtic or German god Thor, or
Jupiter; whence the Germans
and English say Thorsday or
Thursday, for Dies Jovis, and
the Irish 6;a-tro^bu;n, and vul-
- go t>e<x;i-baojn.
Co;;rtbea»tt:<3i, delivered, given up.
Uojfibej/tt; and troj/tbe<x^t<xy, a
delivering, tradition ; also a dose.
Cajptbjftt;, delivered.
Co;;tb;te<xb, idem quod co^bej^t:.
Co;rtbrt;m, to give, to deliver, to
yield or surrender; also to as-
sign or appoint ; bo to;/ib;/t ^e,
he hath delivered.

c, benumbed.
, stupidity.

, to burden, to benumb.
, a conception, or fcetus.

elegy.

m, from o;;te<xm, a plough-
man ; jreuc tjucjrujb no. taete,

<xn mbu<xn<x; je, behold the days
will come, that the ploughman
shall overtake the reaper; rec-
tius ajneam, Lat. orator.
Cojpiejinnjjjm, to walk stately.
Cojftjjjm, to pursue, to follow
closely.

i jte, pursued, chased.

and tuji\)0]~£, a saw; le
439

, with saws.
and to;/tmjo^, a hin-

drance, an impediment, an op-

position.

, to prohibit, to op-

pose or restrain ; to^mj^jeam

;<xb, let us forbid them ; co;^i-

mjf~g ;ab, do you hinder them ;

cja •cojprojfgp-jOf e, who shall

restrain him.
Co;/tm;/^t:e,, prohibited, restrain-

ed.
C6)/tn, a great noise ; hence to;/t-

ne<xc.
C6;^neac, thunder; tojfin;j,thun — f-

derings; to^njje, of thunder.
C6jfin;j;m and coj^njm, to thun-

der, to make a loud noise, to

shout ; bo to; fin; j j~e, he shout-

ed.
C6;/t/ice<xjab and ro;^c;u jab, a

gettins; with child.
C6;/i;tc; jjm, to impregnate, or get

with child ; bo troj^^tceab j,

she conceived.

cjOf, fruit; ^u/" bjajb <x

je ejteallujj, and her fruit
shall be a fiery flying serpent;
also a conception.
Coj;tfijomc/i<xno, to carry over.

and to;/ip, a lamp or
torch.

c, tired, fatigued ; also
heavy, sad.
Coj;tt, the quantity of a thing, as
how much, or how big ; also the
bulk ; njl to/fit <xnn, it has no
bulk.

COjfttean, useful, serviceable.
Co;^te<xirxxjl, fruitful, plentiful ;

out of the plentiful field.
Co;;tte<xmtact:, fruitfulness, plenty.
Co^trjn, a thin cake ; rid. co^t ;

Gall, tartine.
Co;^t:^, a tortoise.
Co;^c;be, the will, or desire.

, a journey or expedition ;

c o

also business ; also a circum-
stance; plur. tOfgo. and tOf-
gajb; tro^j ajb no. cujfe, the
circumstances of the affair or
cause ; a^ boct mo to;/-£ <i)£e,
my state is miserable with him.

Co^j, a wholesome lecture, ad-
vice, or admonition.

Coj^-j-beoba, expeditious, swift in
performing a journey.

C6;t, smoke, vapour.

Cojt, a piece or fragment.

Co;t, whole, entire ; Lat. totus.

C6;tean, a conflagration, a burning
of a house or effects.

Co;teama;l, smoky.

Co;tj}0ba;/i, a whore, prostitute.

Cojt-leannan, a concubine.

Co;c^e<n^<xc, a filly, or young
colt.

C6;tjm, to perfume, to smoke.

C6;tfi; j;m, to burn or scorch.

Col, a churchyard.

Cola, a church officer ; tola a/tb-
b/ieacan. — FzW. Chron. Scot.
ad an. 765.

Col<x, superfluity.

Colab, destruction.

Colajb, a multitude.

Colajm, to pierce through, to pe-
netrate ; bo tolab an laoc j\jf
a nja, the hero was pierced
through with the spear ; vid.
to Ham.

Cole, a hole, or crevice.

Cole, a wave ; plur. tolcajb • tulc,
idem.
a bed.

tx, proud, haughty ; also war-
like.

Coll, vul%. poll, a hole, the anus.

Coll, hollow ; le ^t/i;ocu;b tolla,
with hollow streaks.

Coll, ahead.

Collacb, a hollow, crevice, or ca-
vity.

Coll<xm, to make a hole, to bore or
penetrate ; ro<x tolljroy fe, if he
shall bore; bo tollanxx/t ^e
440

C 0

7*<x; jbjb ;<xb, we pierced them
with arrows.

Collt<xc, piercing; LeBjatan^n
nata;^i n;me tolltac, eabon
Le5j<xtan <xn n<xt<x;^ n;n)e cam,
Leviathan the piercing serpent,
even Leviathan, that crooked
serpent. — Is. 27. 1.

Colteana^, willingness.

Com, a bush, or thicket.

Comajbm, quasi tonn majbm, any
rupture of water, as of a new ri-
vulet or lake; tomajbm Loca
Le;n ^to clo^, the gushing or
sudden springing of Lough Leune
was heard.

Coma; It, to eat; from co;ml;m ;
a^ toma;lt a p/to;nne, eating
his meal.

Coma;pm, to guess, to unriddle ;
also to weigh or measure; ne
mo to;meo^t:a^ a;fiTjob, neither
shall silver be weighed ; bo to-
me, I measured ; to;meo-
, they shall measure,
pu jab, mensuration.

Coma;team, threatening, or threats.

Coma/-, measure.

C6ma/"-/"lat:, a measure-yard, and
^lat-t5ma/~, a yard-measure.

Com/ta, protection.

Com/ia;be, a patron, or protec-
tor.

, silence.
, a riddle, or paradox.

Comlact, thick milk, or curds.

Comtac, one that threatens, a
swaggering fellow.

Con, the breech; genit. tona and
tojn ; Gr. VOTOV.

Cona, a tune.

Conac, a shirt, a covering, a gar-
ment ; bo ;ta;n;j an conac p;-
la;t t^e Cfianncu^, amu;l a bu-
ba;/it: Co;n, Pilate got the shirt

Z casting lots, as John said. —
B.

Conclobac, a turncoat.
Conn, or conb, Lat. undo, a wave

C 0

C 0

or billow ; plur. conned.
Conn, a strengthening.

Conn, a hide, skin, or pelt.

Conn, quick.

Conna, a tub, a ton.

Connac, wav^cl, undulated.

Connac, glittering; ma^t tojnnj;t
bo jajt tonn<x; j, as the light of
thy glittering spear.

Connie, a mound, or rampier.

Connab, poisoned water.

Conna;m, to raise in waves,- also
to dip in water; vulg. tro

Connabe;n. a tunning dish.

Conncaj^tac, a tum-coat.

Conn ja;l an u;/"je, the waves of
the water.— Luke, 8. 24.

Connoj, a duck or drake, any
aquatic palmiped.

Contra, waved; ma/i op/ta;l tont<x,

_ as a wave -offering.

copna^cix, a ball, a bottom, as of

yarn.

— 4- Cop, a tower; Lat. turris ; co/t
/Veam-fiudb, Nimrod's tower ;
to/t co/iujng, an island in Tir
Connel, Fiah. p. 170 : ton c*eJ-
te<ic, a crest or tuft of feathers.

Co/i, a bush or shrub.

Co;t and tOfta^-, weariness, fatigue.
-— COfi, a sovereign or lord ; from
TJior, a German god, to whom
the Germans dedicated the fifth
day of the week, by them called
Thoesday; Anglo-Sax. Tlnrr*-
day ; Ir. 6;a-to^ba;n.

Coptab, regard ; also fruit, profit ;
plur. contra; n; cujtxba^t n<x
baojne tOKAb <x;;t, the men set
no stress or regard on him, or
would not so much asanswer him.

C0fia;be<xc and ton/ituc, fruitful,
fertile.

Co;t<x;bte<ic, flexible, pliant.

COftdjn, a sort of vermin that de-
stroy seed corn.

Co/tan, a sound, or great noise ;
bo cOft/tu; j an talam le tOfian
<i ttu;cme,the earth shook at the
441

noise of their fall ; Wei. taran ;
also thunder; ex. to-tan <xcu;~
7~aj jnen, thunder and lightning.
— 1 id. Tighern. AnnaL and
Chron. Scot.

Co^c, or tape, a hog or swine ; bo
b;dr\xb <i ttonc, to fatten their
hogs ; tOfic <xUta, a wild boar ;
Wei. tnrch. P>om this Celtic
word is derived the Latin word
tnrsio, a sea-hog or porpoise ;
tajcjj coric allajb <x t^eub, a
wild boar usually came to her
flock.

Coftc, the heart ; also die face.

Co/tc<X;i. killing.

ConcbajU, prtrronita.

Co/tea JM. befell, or he died; he
was killed.

Co/ica;t;;t, a throne.

, to fall down, to die, or
perish-

ojtcu't, a ferrying, or passing over.
, the neck of a hog ; Lat.

Cobban, an ele.gy.

Co;nj, a killing, or destroying.

Co/tla, a surety.

C6;tm<xc, an augmentation, or in-

crease ; also growing ripe for

bearing, as when cows are near

calving.

Coftmac<xjm, to magni
Co/tmdjab, an increasing.
C6fima;jjm, to increase or aug-

ment.
Co/inwjjreojji, an augmenter, or

improver.
Cowman, a noise or sound; to/i-

man mo/t, a great noise.
Conmanajm, to make a noise, to

murmur, to tingle ; to/tmcinjrujb

a clua^o., his ears shall tingle.
Ccnmu;ltr, as tomu^lt, eatir_.
Co/mdba;m, to turn with a lathe.
Conpan, a crab-fish ; pro

c, with child, pregnant.

, round.

ct:a;ro, to make round,
SK

C 0

, gong.

C5;ifi<xb and tOpt;iam, a watch, a
guarding.

C6fi;i<xb and to/iftam, a wake,
waking over a corpse by night.

Co/iftamirjrn, to watch, to guard ;
bo cua;b bo to/i/iamo. <x t/ie<xb,
ivzY ac? custodienda pecora sua;
also to wake over a corpse;
also to visit a holy place as pil-
grims do ; ex. curobujjjb team-
poll bam jf <xn pn<xb ub ba
to/i/iaiTxiib 5 o;ljtftea.cu;b <xy
gac jonab jro ceataj/i a;/tb na
Cftirjnne, build me a temple in
that place, to be visited by pil-
grims from the four quarters of
the globe. Old Parch.; jrledb
to/ijtajm, a funeral feast.

Co/i/itac and to/ifitam<x;l, fertile,
fruitful.

COftfitarolacb, fertility.

Co/it and toj/itjn, a cake, or little
loaf; Wei. torth, and Cor. torh.

Co/it, by you, aside, i. e. t<x/i tu ;
<xg gabcxjl tOfit, passing by you ;
no. la;t;b bo cuojb to/it, the
days which you passed.

Co/it<xob, confidence.

Co^caobta, confiding, or depend-
ing upon.

C0fic<xobt;<xc, a commissary,

Cojtt<xc, fierce ; to/it<xma;l, idem.
over you, i. e. td/i ;b, or

^. .

Conu;je<xcb, pursuit, or pursuing,
Jos. 20. 5/ cu;/i;b co^u;je<xcb
o^/ta jo luat, o;/t be<\/-i/itao;
0^t;ia, pursue after them quickly,
for ye shall overtake them ; <xg
to/iu; jeacb, pursuing.

Co/tu;j;m, to pursue; bo to^;iu;j
ye )<xby<xn, he pursued them.

;nye, over us, by us, i. e. ta/t
;nne, or fjnne.

o/iuyc<xb, to fall, or be ruined, to
be killed; TO cco^tuycajft ye
ce<xb b;6b, that six hundred of
them were killed. — L. B.
442

, a beginning, a front, a
foundation; <x ttoyac, in the
beginning; <x ttoy<xc o.n cata,
in the front of the battle; o

te, from the fore front of the
lower gate, to the fore front of
the inner court, Ezek. 40. 19 ;
c;io;c;nn tOfa] j, the foreskin ;
from the word tuy, and there-
fore more properly written tu-
yac ; vid. tuf.

Coy<x;j;m, to begin; <x nuajft bo
toyu; jeaba/i, when they began.

Coyanujb, thorns ; vid. boyanujb.

Coyju jab, motion.

Coytal, arrogance; vid. to;-c;0y-
bal.

c, presumptuous, arrogant.
£, former; ma/t <xn pea/i-
toyu; j, as the former rain.

Cot, a wave ; also a sod, or turf.

Cota, the rower's seat in a boat.

Cotcomua, a female cousin-german.

Cot, feminine, female.

Cfiacant, the ebbing of the tide.

C/iacb, a tract or draft; also a ^
treatise; Lat. tractatus.

C/tacbajfie, a historian ; amajl
p;aba;t na t/iacba;/i; je, as his-
torians relate.

C/tacbam, to treat of; Lat. tracto,
also to handle.

Cftaclab, to loosen.

C^act, strength.

Cfiact, the strand, bank, or shore
of a river or sea ; t/ia;j, the
same.

C/iacta, a treatise, or discourse on
a subject.

Cpiab, a lance.

C/tabanac, quarrelsome, conten-
tious.

C;iaiba;le, an old name of Dun-
dalk in the County of Louth.

C^ta j/iob, a way by the sea-shore.

C/ia;b, quick, active.

C/ta;be, first ; a tt/ta;be, in the

c r?

C 17

first place.
C/t<\;beac, pro t^ojbeac, a war-

rior.
C/to.; j, the sea-shore ; properly the

shore at low water.
Cfidjjjm, the ebb, to be at low

water.
C;t<TOse and t/taj^jeacb, a tra-

gedy-

C/ia; jla; jtreojft, a spy or scout.
Cjtctjtl, a kneading-tub, a trough,

a tray.
C/tci;U, a servant, or slave ; hence

the Saxon thrall, enthrall.
C/idjUJbeact, slavery.
Cfto.;n; j;m, to cull or choose.
Cfta;t;m, to ebb.

C^<xo-clu;ce, tilts and tournaments,
_ i. e. Trojan us Indus.
C/i<xona, a rail.
C;taono;ft, idle, lazy.
Cfiaono/tacb, leisure, ease.
C/iaocam, to lessen or abate ; bo

c^<xoba^i n<x bu;fgeab<x, the wa-

ters were abated.

dn, a bunch or cluster ; cnua-
t/\<xpu;n, gather ye

the clusters.
Cfta;-b<x, go t/tcyba, hitherto.
C;i<x/~5ftab, destruction, oppress-

ing, or overwhelming.

, to oppress or destroy.
, a ledge; ;bj/t t/Kty-nci-

nu;B, between the ledges.

tat, due time, or season, soon,

speedily ; <xn tftcur, when, as

soon as.

prayer-time, the canonical

hours; plur.

m<x;bne, matins, or morning pray-
er; hence it sinifies mornin

time ; c^at-nonci, the prayers at
noon, or the ninth hour, which
is about three in the afternoon ;
hence it signifies the evening;
u;m c/tat non<x, in the afternoon ;
<xn t/tat fOjn, then, at that
time.

c, or t^cvcnjn, a little stalk
443

of grass ; b^jpb <x cujb/tjg <xmajl
Cftat^dc c^t;on, his bands or
fettersbreak like withered stalks.

or t/ie/-, through ; Lat. ,
per andprce; c^e ea^lci, through
fear; t/t; na Cfiojbe, througli
his heart : r^e^ is seldom said
but when the particle <xn imme-
diately follows it ; ex. tf\ef <xn
ba^beab, through or by bap-
tism; tr/te na /*^ejc, througli
his shield; t^te fjn, therefore,
through that; t/te ma^, for that;
Lat. quoit tarn.

C/tea5, a tribe or family;
t^e<xb<x;B and t/teabtrd. ; Lat.
tribi/s.

C/te<xb<xc, pertaining to a tribe or
family, or one of the same tribe.

C;te<xbab, a ploughing, or cultiva-
ting-

, to plough; bo
<xn m<xc<x;^te, he ploughed
the plain.

Cfte<xb<v/fte, a ploughman; also a
surety.

, a tribune.

, skilful, discreet.

a family, or house-
hold; also tribulation.
C/ie<xbl<xjm and tneabla;j;m, to

trouble or distrust.
Cftecibca, earing, ploughing ; also

a village, a homestall.
C/teabcoc, a farmer or husband-
man ; also one of the same tribe;
Wei. xontreavak, a neighbour ;
and kiddtrevaug, of the same
town ; Ir. com-t/te<xb<Xc, of the
same tribe.

Cneabc<vj/ie, a ploughman.
Cne<xbu/t, a stock, or kindred.
Cfteaceann, three heads, three

tops, three ends.
C/teaclab, a loosing.
C;te<xb, a herd, a flock; tjteab

£<xb<x;/t, a trip of goats,
Cfteab<x/7, a fast.

, wounds.

I?

C/ie<xbu;ge, a herdsman ;

bu;je cao/iac, a shepherd.
U/iecvj, a spear or trident; <xn

bjceaban tu a c/io;c;on bo l;o-

nab b;afinujb co/t/i&naca ? no a

ceann le t/iea ju;b ej^j ? canst

thou fill his skin with barbed

irons, or his head with fish-

spears.
Cfieaj<x;m and tr/teajbajm, to pe-

netrate, or pierce through.
C/ie<xl<xm, apparel ; c/iealam bo

c;n, thy head-cloths; also fur-

niture ; t/iealam co^Otjb, instru-

ments of war.
C/teall, a short space, or time;

5<xc ;ie trf-ieall, now and then.
C/ieamo.j<xb, binding, obligation.
C;ieamaj j;m, to bind, tie, or fasten

unto.
U/ie<MTKxm, through him ; t/team-

p<x, through them.
C/tetxna, lamentation, wailing.
C/teancxb, the week from Thursday

before Whitsunday to the Thurs-

day after.

, abstinence; vid.

C/tean, strong, stout; le na t
na;b, by his strong ones, Ps. 10.
10; comp. t/ie;ne.
, art, science.

cac, artificial.

-, the third ; <xn
the third division ; <xr?
Ie<i6a/-i, the third book.

-, by, or through; Lat. per;
vid. t/te ; c/iea^" <x/i moic<x;/ie,
through the plain.
/ted^", a battle or skinnish ; plur.
c/ie<x^a;b ; ba c/toba <x tr/iea^
e, he was brave in battle.

^, adversity ; ex. (D;a nob

mob f^f^'c mo beol, I pray to
God in all my tribulations, as
well as my tongue can speak.

m<x, dross; Lat. scoria.

, plaster.

444

Cjte<xtr, or t/tea j, a trident ;
;a^5<vj;ieacta, a fishing-spear.

U/teat<xrj, a wave.

C/ie<xt<xn, the sea, high water.

C/ie<xt<xn, a foot.

Cfieatu;/t, a traitor.

C/ieatujjieact, rebellion, treason,
treachery.

C/iece<xnn, three heads.

C/ieb, a flock, a herd.

C/iebe;ne<ty-, for three days ;
^-a teampul mo
J"^"ccab e }<x;t t
, I shall dissolve the temple
of my body, and raise it up again
after three days. — L. B.
jiebeanoy, or t;ie;jeancy, ab-
stinence from flesh.
, blowing a blast.
e, or t/ie;b^e, place, room,
stead.

C/te;b^eacb, vicissitude, or change.

C/ie;b, or t/-tO;b, a quarrel, or
great scuffle; t/iejbjbjji comu/t-
fajn, a quarrel between neigh-
bours. Aristophanes makes use
of the word Operrrj to signify
rlxari, litigare, which Greek
word his scholiast says he bor-
rowed i'rom the Barbarians. —
Vid. Pezron, ch. 4. in his Anti-
quity of the Gauls.

Cfiejbjno, to pierce through, to pe-
netrate; Wei. treydy, and Gr.
rpcw, perfero.

C/te<xb<xb, the same.

C/iejgeat, a departure.

C/te}ge<xn, a forsaking; t/tejjea/?
mo/i <x la/t na c/tjce, a great
evacuation in the midst of the
country.

C/tejjjm, to leave or quit, to for-
sake or abandon ; nj t/tej^jrjb
f& tv, he will not forsake thee ;
n;o/t t/iejj tu jab, thou didst
not forsake them.
e; jetxnar, abstinence from flesh.
e; jte, virtuous qualifications or
accomplishments. It is some-

c n

r n

times written Cfiejje ; ex. na
tjtejje bl;jtea/t bo flajt, the
qualifications necessary for a
prince : this word wants the sin-
gular number • C;tejce, idem.

Cnejjteac and tfiejjteamajl,
virtuous.

C/tej jjon, a loss ; c^J tftej j;on a
pola, by the loss of his blood.

Cftejmjb, by, or through.

C;te;mye, a space of time ; ex. le
tne;mye mo/t, for a long space
of time.

Cnejncfvjoy, corruptedfrom jfte;n-

c/vjoy, the zodiac.

c=- C/iejne and trnejneay, might, pow-
er; compar. t/tejne.

C/tep-jreaft, a stout man, a cham-
pion.

C;te;nye, a trench.

Cftejye, force, strength, also strong-
er; ;y tfiejye tu na mjy;, a^uy
/tug cu buajb,thou art a stronger
man, and hast prevailed.

Cftejyjneft, a treasurer, as of a
church.

, weak ; also ignorant.
, a champion, or warrior.

C/teobya, i. e. tft;otya, i. e. tnj
tuya, through thee.

C/teojbam, to pierce or bore.
•"•^ C^eo;b, an ancient name of Dro-
gheda in the County of Louth.

C;te6^<xb, a leading, or directing.

C;te6^<\; jtreo;^, a guide or leader.

C/teon<tjm, to lead, or conduct, to
guide ; bo t;teOfiu;b mjfj, I have
led ; t/teOitocu/", that may lead ;
t/ieo/iocujb f& j~)nn, he will !
guide us.

C/teo/ttra, led, conducted.

Cfte/tan, three parts or pieces.

Cfte^, for, because, propter.
-V-r Cjt;, three ; tn; p;c;b, sixty ; Gr.
TOIC, ter ; Lat. tria.

C/t;<xb, through thy means, for
thee.

Cfvj<xjCx;;tb;m, to triumph.
, a march; a progress,
'445

l, a purpose or design, a plot,
a devise ; ona c/tjal, from his
purpose.

Cft;<xl<v;fte and c^jalcw, a traveller,
a wayfaring man.

CnJaUam, to go, to march, to pro-
ceed; bo tn;<xll ye, he marched
or travelled ; <xn ran t/tjdflpiy
me bon Spo.;nn c^ocpajb me ba
bu^t cc;onn, whenever I take my
journey into Spain, I will come
to you.

Cftjaltam, to imagine or devise, to
design or plot ; bo b/tj j gu/t
c/tjall ye, because he devised ;
bo cnjoll ye an <x|a;b an ^; j,
he detenu ined against the king.

Cfvjama;n, weary, fatigued.

C;i;amna, weakness, or lowness of
spirit.

a wailing, or bemoan-

ing.
C/t;an, the third part ; ba t/t;an,

two-thirds.

C;t;anac, three by tliree ; terni.
C/tjantan, a triangle ; also a three
cornered bread.
r, a lord or king,
it, a hog or swine,
a wave.

C;t;ac, a hill or hillock.

C/vjc, go tfvjc, often.

C/t;b, through, utterly ; tfijb aroac,
altogether; vid. f/tjb.

C^ijbeag, thirteen.

C;t;bne, by us, or through us;
tft;by;on, by him.

Cftjljy, a bush of hair.

C?t;ljyeac, bushy, hairy, crested.

C/t;ly;n, a small torch.

C^;meay, three pound weight.

Cftjnye, a trench. ^V

C/t;oblo;b, tribulation or trouble; .^
c^jobtojb aguy boj;tu;nj a;/t
<xnam jac eun bujne bo jn;b
olc, tribulation and anguish on
the soul of every man who doeth
ill.

and t;t;ocab, thirty ; c/t;-

c r?

c r?

OCA ceab, a canthred or barony.

C/t}Oc<i-ce<xb <xn cala, now called
C<xl<x Lujrone, the estate of the
O'Ceadfas.

Cftjoc<xb-cedb o cc<x;y;n, now
called the barony of Tullow in
the County of Clare, the estate
of the Macnamaras.

C;t;oc<xb-meob<xr><xc, now called
West Barryroe in Carbury in
the County of Cork, the ancient
estate of the O'Cobhtaigh, or
Cowhigs, and of the O'Fichiol-
laigh, or Fields.

C/vjoc<xb-ce<xb co/ic<xb-aj^c;n, in
the County of Clare, the ancient
estate of the O'Bascoine, O'Do-
nail, and O'Moelchorcra.

C;tjoc<xb-ceab-ct<xb<xc, in Orgialla,
the ancient estate of the OQoic-
Jondjj, English, Mac-Kenna,
originally of Meath, but in the
middle ages settled in the Coun-
ty of Fermanagh in Orgialla
among the posterity of the Col-
las, according to this Irish rhyme
of O'Dubhgain in his topogra-
phical poem : I?; j <x/i t/tjocab
ce<xb Clabac: OQac-Jorxv/j <ib
cual<xb<x;/t : bjle cejU;be c/io;:
beac ctj<x/t<xc : QQ;beac e jjb

. e. t/tj tu&, through
thee.

po ja/t, a triphthong.
om^ a, by me, or through me.
C;t;0no;b, the Trinity ; Wei. ytrin-

dod.

C;t;op<xl, a bunch or cluster of
grapes; tu^aba/t <x tc/t;opu;l
CCXO^KX <xpu;je u<xc<x, their bunch-
es bore ripe berries.
- C/tj op d./~, tripes.
Cpjft, sad, melancholy, tired ; b<x
twfc <xn laoc on ttupaf fan,
. the champion was melancholy for

that expedition.
C/tj^c, a curse.
C/i;uca, a canthred ; bu;ne
446

c/t;uca, a stranger ; Lat. ad-
vena.

t, three persons ; t^;u/t mac,
three sons.

C/^u/', and diminut. t^;uy<xn, a ..^
pair of trousers, viz. breeches
and stockings in one garment;
tourney, idem.

C/i6c<x;/te, mercy.

C/i6ca;/ie<xc, merciful.

C/tOclab, a loosening.

C/iOb(\c, quarrelsome, riotous.

C/tob<x;n, or t/iojan^ a raven, or
bird of prey.

C/to j, children.

, miserable, unhappy.

sun-rising.

c, or c/iojjteac, a loot-
man, a foot-soldier; t^j ceub
t/io^tac, three hundred foot
soldiers.

C/io;<xt, a helmet.

C/io;c, an evil body, a bad person,
also a coward.

C/tO;b and t^o;beab, a fighting or
quarrelling.

C;tO;b;m, to strive or contend, to
wrangle or quarrel ; bo t;tO;b
fQ, he fought; tr/tojb^j, fight

ye-.

C/tO;b and tj\oj j, a foot ; t/to; jre,
feet ; t/t; ceub t/-tojb <x/t p<x;b,
three hundred feet long. This
word is most commonly written
with a g, as C;tO) j ; though it
should be rather written with a
b, t/tO}b ; especially as the Welsh
have troed to signify a foot. I
am of opinion that C;to;b should
properly mean planta pedis,
though it is now used to signify
the foot, as the Irish word co^,
which properly meant the foot,
being like the Gr. TTOUC? and
Lat. pes, is now used to signify
the crus, or tibia, i. e. from the
knee to the ankle. The Eng-
lish trod, as he trod, lias a close
affinity with this Irish word c/to;b.

C 17

c n

HOJ je, sorrow, grief.
ftoj^jn, a brogue, a slipper.
/iO) j-te<xt:<xn, broad-tooted.
/iO) jreac, a footman ;

CftOj jtjn, a sock.
CftO;jr;n, a dizziness.
CftOjmc;ll, a sanctuary.
Cftojmbe, tutelary gods.
C;tO;me, heaviness ; also more hea-
vy.

, heaviness, weight.
b, a fasting, or fast.
, to fast; bo
, they fasted; n<x tf
fasting.

tojj-tre, a threefoot stool, a tri-
pod.

tojpct; j;m, to consume, or pine
away.

weighty, heavy ; coblab
Cftom, a deep sleep; j\o Cftoro,
very grievous ; also sad, pensive ;
Wei. trum.
, protection.
, blame, rebuke.

to aggravate, to make
heavy, to load or burden.
Cftoman, a great weight.
C/toma;t<x, a client.
CftOnnb<xnogl<ic, a woman client.
Cftombob, vervein mallow ; Lat.

alcea.

Cftombujbean, a tribe, or clan of
vassals.

, a great shower.
, a woman slave.

, important.
, weighty, grave.
C^omlu;be, the night-mare.
C^omlujbjin, to overlay ; bo Cfiom-
tujb f) <Xjft, she overlaid it.
, the elder-tree.
acajri, a matron.
glac, a client.

o., or C^om^ac, a land or
territory in Thomond, which was
a part of the ancient patrimonial
estate of the O'Briens of Aran,

447

descended from caj^-Jle, the
third son of Dermod, king of
Minister an. 1120, and die
youngest brother of Concubu/t
O'Oftjen, surnamed |M<x Caca-
^o.c and Slapan^atac, king of
Minister immediately after the
death of his father Dermod,
from whose three sons, viz. Con-
cubaft, or Conor the First, Coj\-
bealbac, or Turlogh the Second,
and Cajbj, or Thady, surnamed
Jle, i. e. fair, descended all
those of the name O'Brien,
which were of the posterity of
Ca;b£, or Thady, the eldest
son of the great monarch Brien
Boiroimhe. The O'Briens of
Cuanac and tfbanlo., are de-
scendants of Donogh, a younger
son of that monarch, and king of
Ireland after his lather. The
O'Briens of (Dub-trjn-lajjean,
in the County of Wexford, were
descendants of an elder stock
than those now mentioned, being
the posterity of Lorcan, king of
Munster in the ninth century,
and the grandfather of Brien
Boiroimhe. The O'Briens of
Ctanj;6bon and Co;^maj are
the eldest descendants of that
name of all the posterity of the
monarch Brien Boiroimhe; those
of the Thomond branch are the
next, being descendants of Tur-
logh, second son of Dermod;
and those of cTftan and Cftom^ta
are the third in rank, being de-
scended from Dermod's third
son : they were always sovereign
lords of the Isles of <tndn, in
the bay of Gal way, andofC/tOm-
fta, in the Count)' of Clare, until
the reign of Queen Elizabeth,
as appears by an address which
the mayor and sheriffs of the
city of Galway wrote in their
favour to that queen, wherein it

c 1?

is mentioned that the corpora-
tion of that city paid them an
annual tribute of a certain num-
ber of pipes of wine, in conside-
ration of their protection and
expenses in guarding the bay
and harbour of Galway against
pirates and coast-plunderers.
An authentic copy of that ad-
dress is possessed by John O'Bri-

. en of Clontis, in the County of
Limerick, Esq., who is now the
worthy direct chief of that prince-
ly family. We find in the An-
nals of Innisfallen that Taidhg
Gle and his brother Turlogh,
ancestor of the Thomond branch,
were always at variance with
each other, after the death of
Conchubhar, their eldest brother,
Turlogh took his brother Taig
prisoner, an. 1145, kept him in
confinement for some time, with-
out regard to the interposition
and guarantee of the holy Mala-
chias, Archbishop of Armagh.
Taig was afterwards revenged of
Turlogh, by joining Dermod
Mac Carty, king of South Muns-
ter, and Turlogh O'Conor, king
of Connaught, against him, con-
sequent to which junction, Tur-
logh was dethroned, and banish-
ed to Ulster, and Taig made
king of North Munster an. 1 162,
but he was afterwards dispos-
sessed by Turlogh.

Cfiom/ioj/t, a trumpeter.

C/iOmtu/id. and tfiorri turtle, a tribe
of vassals.

, a trooper.
serious.

&n, a pace, a foot.

n, a pace, a oo.

, a fast, or fasting. This
pure Celtic word perfectly cor-
responds with 0pr;(TKfta in the
Greek compound word t&Ao-
0pT)<ricHa, Lat. voluntaria jeju-
nia, and rendered in the vulgatc
448

superstitio, from the original
Greek, chap. 2. v. 23. of St.
Paul to the Colossians, where
he alludes to the superstitious
judaical fasts, observed without
public authority, and according
to the dictates of each man's
will. Such were the fasts they
observed on account of bad
dreams, &c. — Vid. Buxtorf.
Synagogce Judaiccc, caput. 13,
circa finem. But it may be
added, that the Irish word to;l-
t/io^cu. (or tficyga to;lte<xnac)
perfectly corresponds with the
above Greek word tOeXoOoria-
Ktia, not only in the second part
of the compound, but even in
the first, since the Irish word
to;l means the will, Gr. ^XTJ/UQ,
Lat. voluntas, just as the Greek
tOc\(t) signifies to will ; Lat.
volo.

, a crack.

serousness.
C;iotd;ttre, wasted, consumed.
C/iOtld^te, the same.
C/tuacant;<x, compassionate.
C^iuab, lean, piteous.
C;-iuabu^, leanness.
C/iua|, pity.
C/iuajan, a wretch, or miserable

creature ; Wei. tn/an, lean.
C/iu<xjantcv, lamentable.
Cjiu<xj je, pity, favour ; bo n;b

c/iua; je, they favour ; also woe,

misery; <x c/tuaj^e, alas ! woe is

me!
C/iu<x; jme;l, compassion, pity; also

misery; mo t/iua;^mejl, my ca-

lamity.
C/iua;l, a sheath or scabbard ; <x^*

<x C;iu<x;l, out of its sheath.
C/iuajU, a body, or carcase.
CftuajUeac, a sheath, or scab-

bard.
Cfiu<vjlle<x j<xb, profanation, a pol-

luting or corrupting.
C/iua;U;be<xctr, corruption.

c u

C U

jtt; jjm and t/iu<i;U_jm, to pol-
lute, unhallow, or profane; ex.
bo triuajlljj fe <xn ceall n<x-
omta, he profaned the sacred
church; po tftua;l <x <in<xm jrja
C;t<xo^, he polluted his soul with
excess; also to deflower, ravish,
or corrupt; na/t t;tua.;lleab a
7)6 jact, whose virginity was not
corrupted.

, a short life.

C/iuba;^e, a stammerer.

C/iu;b and t/ti/jbeoj, a stare, or

starling ; reef ins b/mjb.
- C;tu;tl, a kind of vessel; Lat. trvlla.

C/tujme, heavier ; also heaviness.

Cnujn^jjm, to enclose, or en-
trench.

Cfiull, i. e. ceann, a head.

C/tumpa and t/tumpujbe, Jews'
harps.

Cftumpo.bo;fi, a trumpeter.

Cftump6;ft, a player on the Jews'
harp.

Cftu^c, the fish called cod.

C/tuy can, a suit of clothes ; also a
smelt or sparkling.

C/tu^can, goods, chattels, furni-
niture; mo t/tu;~can, my stuff;
t/tuj-can t;ge, the furniture of a
house.

C/tuj-gart, oarweed ; Lat. alga.

Cftu/"bala;ro and t?ti^-tota;m, to
truss up, to gird the loins.

Cu, you, thou ; Gr. Dor. TV, Lat.
tu, Gall. ///.

Cucx, silence.

Cuac<x;l, prudent, cunning ; ebtu-
<xc<i;l, imprudent, awkward.

Cu<xc<x;t, a going.

Cuab, a hatchet or axe ; <x^ tu mo
Cuab cat a, thou art my battle-
axe, Jer. 51 . 20 ; fte tuabujb ;y
;te o/Abujb, _with axes and ham-
mers; tuab ^najjte, a chip-
axe; Gr. Ovtiv, to strike; and
Gall, tuer, to kill.

Cuab, fame, renown.

Cuab-mum<x;n, North Minister, or
449

the country called Thomond,
reduced in latter ages to the
County of Clare alone, the pa-
trimonial estate of the Dalcassian
princes, a considerable part of
which remained in the possession
of their chief descendants, the
O'Briens, till the year 1741,
when the last earl of that name
died without issue, and the es-
tate and title of Thomond came
into an English family. The
country now called the County
of Clare was recovered from the
people of Connaught by Lu;j
GDecLi/7, one of the ancestors of
Brien Boiroimhe. towards the
end of the third century, and
maintained ever after by \\\<
warlike posterity against the re-
peated attacks of the Conacians.
The above Lu;j COeann was king
ofMunster anno 280; rz

Cuaj, dominion.

Cuaja, hooks, crooks, or hinges,
i. e. bacajn, luba;n, or ytuaja.

Cua jftob, a way, or road.

Cua;, bad, naughty.

Cuajc;ol and tuajcle, wit, cun-
ning, prudence

Cua;cte, augury.

Cuajleact, the twilight.

Cua;lea^, reproach, calumny.

Cuajlea^ac, reproachful, calum-
nious.

Cua;lea/-a;m, to accuse, or charge
falsely.

Cuajlea^oj, a scold.

Cua;ljm, to be able.

able, or capable; a/-
mjre, I am capable.

Cuajm, a village, or homestall ; ^^
also a fortified town.

Cua;m, a moat, a hillock, or rising — f-
ground; hence tuama and tu-
ma, a tomb or grave. This Cel-
tic monosyllable tuam is the
root and original upon which the

c u

c u

Latin word tumulus hath been
formed ; and the Latin word
cumulas, a heap, is but a corrupt
writing of tumulus, by changing
the initial t into c. Both these
words are synonimous to mons
or monticulus, as appears by
comparing with each other. —
Justin, lib. 43. c. \ . Pausan. in
Arcad. c. 43. and Dionys. Hal-
licar. Antiq. Rani. L c. But to
return to the words truajro and
tuama, or tuma, which literally
and properly signify a moat,
hillock, or heap, and conse-
quently or derivatively a tomb
and grave : it is to be remarked,
in justification of this derivative
meaning ot these words, that the
graves of all persons of good
note in ancient times were form-
ed of coped heaps of earth in the
shape of moats or hillocks ; and
the graves of great malefactors
and persons put to an igno-
minious death consisted not of
earth, but of heaps of loose
stones raised in a coping shape
to a great height, as appears
from Josh. 7. 26. and 8. 29. and
2 Sam. 18. 17.

an opinion, guess, or
conjecture.

cua;/ijm, pa t(3a;^jm, as it were,
towards ; pa truaj/ijm na /-le;be,
towards the mountain ; pa tuaj-
fljm bo ^Icvjnte, towards your
health, or I drink your health.

Cuaj/rjmjm, to conjecture or guess.

Cua;;t;^"5, an account, or detail of;
tua;/i;7~T an cat a, a detail of
the battle.

Cua;/tn;n, a mallet, or beetle.

Cua;;-cea/it, the north quarter ;
Wf an tua;/"cea/it, unto the
north. — Is. 43. 6.

Cua;t and tuajte, northern,

Cuajt, a tract, or territory.

Uimjteac, from tuat, a country-
450

man.

Cuajtean, the north.
, patience.

to endure, to bear
patienfly.

, able or capable ; jf tua-
mjfG, I am capable.
2b, possibility ; wV/.tuajtjro.

Cuama, a tomb or grave.

Cuam-ba-jualann, Tuam, in the
County of Galway, the seat of
the Archbishop of Connaught.

Cuam-£/ie;ne, a hill in the County
of Limerick, now called Cnoc-
gfie;ne ; cnoc is synonymous to
tuam, both signifying a hill ;
Lat. tumulus, mons.

Guaman/i, fierce, morose ; ta/ib
tuamann, a fierce bull.

Cuapoll, a whirlpool.

Cua/i, an omen, presage, or fore-
runner ; hence the Irish proverb,
ma/ita t;/rjm tua/t plannba, a
dry March forebodes a season-
able growth of all sorts of plants.

Cua/ia, satisfaction.

Cua/ia;m, to bode, or portend.

Cua/ica;m, to knock, or smite.

Cua/tjab, was taken.

Cua/ignac cata, the chief com-
mander, or general of an army.

Uuaftur-gbtvjt, a report, or charac-
ter; b/ioc-tua/ia^gbajl, a bad

. reputation.

Cua/tujrbal, hire, wages; ^e/tb;-
T'-eac tua/iu^bajl, a hired ser-
vant ; pea/i tua/ia^"ba;l, Lat.
mercenarius.

Cua^, above, before ; vid. fa&f.

Cua^-jea/tt, northern, northward.

Cua^lagab, a releasing, or dissolv-
ing.

Cuata, and plur. tuatajbe, a lay-
man, an illiterate person.

Cuat, the north ; vid. bea^*.

Cuat, a lordship.

Cuat, a country, or district ; gen.
tuajte and tuata.

Cuata and tua;teac, rustic ; also

c u

c u

the people in general ;
Cjfteann, the people of Ireland.

Uuata be (Danonn, the name of
the fourth colony of Ireland.

Cuata-fpbja, the name of some
British gentry that used poison-
ed darts or arrows in Ireland in
the time of Herimon, K. ad
A. M. 2737.

Cuata-jrjobbujbe, a district of the
Queen's County, anciently pos-
sessed by the Macaboys.

Cuatac, a lord, or sovereign.

Cuatacb, a lordship, or seigniory.

Cuatal, the left hand ; also awk-
ward, or ungainly; an tuatal,
the wrong way, or awkwardly.

Cuatal, the proper name of a man,
common among the Irish Scots ;
it is the same as Totilla among
the Goths. Many other Gothic
names are observable among the
Scots.

Cuatatlac, awkward.

Cuatallan, an awkward, ungainly
person.

Cuatama;l, rude, rustic.

Cuaccujpb, sorcery, augury.

Cuba;^ and tabajft, misfortune,
mischief; ma beanann tubutyt;
bo, if mischief befall him.

Cubaj^reac, unlucky, unfortunate.

Cuba, a show, or appearance.

Cue and tecc, a bone.

cuca, a tuck, or rapier.

Cucca;b, a cause, or reason.

Cuca^ajm, to rub.

Cuc;ta, meat.

Cucc, a form, or shape.

Cuct, time, the same as c^ac;
tact, i. e. an t;tat, when, or as
soon as.

Cucta; j;m, to choose.

Cubamtac, carriage, behaviour.

Cubcaba;t, they came ; tubcajb
fe, he will come.

Cubcam and tubcajbjm, to come,
to arrive.

Cuj, gave, brought ; tuTab an
451

talam feu^t, let the earth brine
forth grass; tirgajb;^ n<i bu;/~-
, let the waters produce ;
a^t uatd, they brought
forth; bo cuj <x/» CJa^na a.ji
5<ic u;le c^ann jra^-, the Lord
caused even" tree to grow.
Cu ja, rather trurre, straw.
Cu jr/a;m, to apjaiy, to adjoin.
Cujble, or ca;bleac, pleasant, de-
lightful.

Cujbroe, a confederacy, or conjunc-
tion.

Cu;bme<xc, a yoke-fellow.
Ca;bm;rn, to join, to yoke.
Ca; je, straw ; n; tab<x/troo; jrea^--
ba cujje bo/i pobal; ejnjjb;^-
<J^Uf cj\ajnnj^f tujje bojb
pejn, ye shall give the people no
more straw, let them go and ga-
ther straw for themselves, Exocl.
5. 7.

Cujjjm, to perceive or discern, to *$
understand ; bo cu;j fe, he
knew ; bo cu;g <xn pobal u;te,
all the people understood.
Cujg^e and trujj^jn, the under-
standing ; also skill, knowledge ;
n;l tuj-£fe ajam ann, I have no
skill in it; cu;j^jn olc ajity-
maitea^a, discerning good and
evil.

Cujjfeac and cujj^eanac, skil-
ful, intelligent.

Cu;le and tu;te, a flood, or inun-
dation ; plur. ru;lc;be ; bo cua-
ba^ bo conna AJU^ bo tujle
co^am, thy waves and floods are
gone over me. — Ps. 42. 7.
Cujl, sleep, rest
Cujlj, a hill, or hillock.
Cu;t; j;m, to overflow.
Cujljm, to sleep; tu;l^eaba^t mo
bea/tca fu&n, my eyes slumber-
ed : this word is oftener written
tujtpm ; con cujt cabtab cjme-
<xba, dormiebat somnum captivcr
matris; con cujl cac, dormic-
bant omnes.

u

c u

Cujlle and tu;Ueab, a remnant.,
something to the good; tir/le,
idem ; tu;lle, more, an addition
to.

Cujlleam, wages, hire ; bo c/uijn-

".75 n J^*5 feo fctfjttaftffl me;/i-
b/t; je, she gathered them with
the hire of an harlot. — Mic. 1.

7.
CujUjm, to augment or increase,

to enlarge.
CujU;m, to deserve, to earn; bo

tujtt ye <x tua/ia^bal jra bo, he

earned his wages doubly ; bo

jtej/t ma/t bo cujll <x lama, as

his hands deserved; bo tu;ll tu

bfy", thou hast deserved death.
Cu;ll;n, desert, merit; bo /tej/t a

ttujU;ne, according to their de-

sert.
Cu;lty-jm, to sleep ; bo tujlj-eaba/t

ujle jreab n<x bojbce, they slept

the entire night.
CuJUtre, earned, deserved.
Cujlt:;ne, an old name of Lot/ia

in Lower Ormond.
Cujnge, an oath.
Cu;njbe, cloca tu;n;be, immove-

able rocks.
Cu;nne<X(ii, death; ja/i bcujnecxm,

after death.
Cujnnjbe, a den ; tu;nne<xb b;o-

t<xmn<xc, a den of thieves; <xg

but <x mu <x <x b

a nuamujb caiman, wan-
dering in wildernesses and moun-
tains, and dens, and caves of the
earth.— Heb. 11.38.

Cujnnjbe, possession.

Cu;/i, plur. of top, towers, bul-
warks.

Cuj/t, a lord, a sovereign, or gene-
nal.

Cuj/tbeac or tuj/tmeac, bashful,
shamefaced; hence<Ton^;u^t:u;/t-
beac was so called ; md. K. ad
A. M. 3813.

^;jm, to make sorry, to

grieve or trouble.

Cu;/ic/te;c, a reward.

Cu;/iean, a troop, or multitude.

Cuj/ieann, wheat.

Cujfieann, a sparkle of fire, like
that of iron from an anvil, or as
lightning ; ex. ^ce;nn;b tuj/te-
<xnn a/i jac teat, sparkles flash
on every side.

Cu;/tep^5 and ruj^jorg, a saw ;
jra ca;;t;o^5a;b, under saws.

Cu;/i;o, a request.

Cu;/i;b, an elegy.

Cu;/v;b, a pillar, or supporter of a
house or church; tug Samson
a juajlte fpjf an tru_;/t;b ;to
bao; fdn tteac, Samson laid
his shoulders against the pillars,
that supported the house. — L. B.

Cuj/t; j;n, a tongue.

Cu;/i;^jn, a prince ; also a judge.

Cu;/tj j;n, a pillar, or supporter.

Cu;^)nn, the genit. of tu;;tean,
wheat ; a me;lr t:u;;i;nn, grind-
in wheat.^

ca;be, conviction of theft.
, a descent.

Cu;/il;njm or tuj;tljnj;m, to alight
or descend ; bo tuj/iljnj ^"e, he
alighted.

Cuj/imeac, modest, bashful.

Cuj;tmeacb,modesty, shame-faced-
ness.

Cu)j\f& and tuj^fj, weariness, sad-
ness; te;^nb me mo ca;/i^-e
b;om, I will leave off my heavi-
ness.

Cu;^eac and truj/t^eamajl, wea-
ry-

Cu;/ip^m, to weary; beorla 50
trtu;;t^-e6cu;nn ;ab, lest I weary
them.

Cuj/iteacba, a rehearsal, or rela-
tion.

Cu;/tt, time ; also quantity, consi-
deration.

, a nobleman, a gentleman.
, a jewel; 5;i-tu;^-e, precious-

c u

c u

Cujf, from tuf, a beginning, head,
or origin.

Cujj-, incense, frankincense.

Cu;^be<xn<J.b, a front.

Cujj-beac, genit. tu;/*b; j, a pa-
rent.

Cu;;-b;n, creation ; tuj^-bjn n<x
Cftujnne, the creation of the
world ; also a beginning of any
thing ; rid. tu^bj/).

Cu;/-e<xc and taoj^eac, a com-
mander, or officer ; rao;^eac
flua j, the general of an army ;
from tuf or tu)f, hence the
family of Macantoish in Scot-
land, i. e. GOcxc <xn tu^eajcc,
the son of the general, or head
of an army ; Lat. dux. duels.
t, a censor.

l, trespass.
Cuj;-le, the liinge of a door or

gate ; bo cu/i ba tuj^l; jjb e, he

threw it oft' the hinges.
Cu;^le<xb and ta]flj je, a stum-

bling; cettp tu;;-l;je, a stum-

bling block ; hence b^j\<\.tu)f-

le, a headlong stumble ; also a

faltering in any affair; from bo.ft/1,

the head, and tajfle, a stumble ;

so that bafi/ttuty-le signifies to

fall headlong, to stumble.
Cajflj^m, to stumble ; n; b|:a;^^b

bo co^ tu;rleab, thy foot shall

not stumble ; bo tujj-l; jeab<x/t,

they stumbled.
Cu;^l;jte, stumbled, fallen, or

tumbled down.
Cu;^me<xb and cuj^-meajab, de-

livery, travailing, or brining

forth young ; l<xece <x

f//es parieneKf bean

midwife ; |ie mna;

unto the midwifes.
Cujpn;b;m, to bear or bring forth.
tujfrnj-gceojn, a parent ; babtu;^-

m; jte6;tujb, to their parents.
Cajfcjun, a groat.
Cu;y^re<xiTKXc, frail, ruinous, readv

to fall.

453

Cu;tr, a side.

Cu;cjm, to fall ; bo

;onnt:a ^<xn, they fell into them.

Cu;c;m, a fall ; bo pu<x;/t ^e cu)-
c;m, he got a fall; tu;tjm na
t<XOc, the fall of the heroes.

Cul, the face or countenance, the
front or forehead; po b/tj^-edb
<x ccnama, <x j-ujle ^uy rul a
neaban ; hence also ruto. n<x
naom, the relics of the saints ;
also tula, an teampujl, the place
where the bones and skulls are
heaped up.

Cul, a beginning, or entrance.

Cul, more.

Cul, quick, soon.

Cul, a manner, or fashion.

Cul, naked.

Cul<x, a hill or hillock ; Heb. ^n,
the same.

Cullci, a green or common.

Culac-oj, in Ulster, the estate of
the O'Hogans and the O'Gorm-
leighs.

Cul-b;tejcneac, spotted, freckled.

Culca, bands.

Culc<xc and bulcanac, hilly, full of
hills.

Culcan, diminut. of tulo.6, a hil-
lock ; sometimes written culjan.

Culcom^<x;c, an assembly or con-
gregation ; po tug <x jjolla eo-
l&f Sbam^on 50 ce<xc culcom-
^<x;c n<x ]0b;l;^;ne<xc, his lead-
er conducted Sampson to the as-
sembly house of the Philistines.

_— L. B.

culc/tomacb and tul-claonacb, a
declivity.

Culgan, the same as tulcan.

Culganac, hilly, uneven.

Cul ja;/x;m, to provoke.

Culglan, a handsome hillock.

Cul jlutty-act, promotion.

Cull-b<xU^o.ba, spots, freckles.

Cullog, the fish called pollock.

Cul/taba/tcacbj foresight, provi-
dence.

c u

c u

Cx/?, a loosening.

Culyt:<xon<xcb, a declivity.

Cutta/tub, by mere chance, acci-
dentally.

Cum, a bush ; tumb/ijy, a bramble
bush; turn clejteac, a tuft of
feathers; c<xy turn, a curled lock.

Curoa, a tomb or sepulchre.

Curo<xb, a dipping.

Cum<xjm, to dip; bo turn ye <x
meu/t, he dipped his finger ; bo
tumoiba/i an cot<x <xn/iy<x bjrujl,
they dipped the coat in the
blood.

Cumt<x, clipped.

Cunotaj/ie, a dipper, or diver.

Cu^t, dry, bare, alone ; bj<xb tu/t,
dry food, i. e. without drink.

Cu/1, a request, or petition.

Cu/i, a research.
> Cu/1, a tower ; Lat. turris, Gr.

Cu/i, heaviness, weariness.

Cu/1, a journey, or tour; Gall.
tour.

Cu/i<x, much, plenty, abundance ;
tu/i<x naiTxxb, a great deal of
enemies.

Cu/«xy and tu/tuy, a journey or
expedition ; bo trjonnygap <x
tu/-tuy, he began his journey;
tu/iuy is also the state of a per-
son or thing ; c/teb e <x tu/iuy,
what is he doing, or upon ; tu-
;u\y ceannu; je, traffic.

Cu/iaygoi/i, sea-ore, or sea-rack;
Lat. alga.

:, a turbot, rhombus.
b, or u/tba;b, mischance,
misfortune.

Cuftc<x/i, riches.

Cu^com/i<xc, an assembly, or con-
gregation.

Cu/ig<xb<x;t gjiejne, the course of
the sun from its rising to its set-
ting; though it is sometimes
used to signify sunrise, and
oftentimes to imply the setting
of the sun; from cu/t, a tour,
454

and ga6a;l, to take ; Gall, tour,
i. e. the artificial day.

Cu/i£cx;b, he took up.

Cu/tg<xbal<x, iniquity.

Uurigabloic, guilty.

Cu/tgnajm, to collect or gather.

Cu/ilac ;nb;/t roo;/i, the old name
of Arklow.

Cu/ilac, is any ground covered
with water in winter, and dry in
summer.

Cu/ina, a furnace.

Cu/in<x, a spinning-wheel.

Cu/tno.;be, a minister.

Cu;in<x;m, to humble ; also to de-
scend: it is sometimes written
tojfinjm ; bo to;/ine<xb ceanay
cl<xnn Cu;nn, the power of the
Conations was reduced or hum-
bled; tu/m<xm no. nbjomoyac ^o
bleact, it is just to humble the
proud ; also to descend, or come
down, as from a high to a low
place; nxx/i cu/tn <xn cloc bon
tylj<xb, as the stone descends
from the mountain : in this lat-
ter sense it is vulgarly corrupted
into ttiftljon, as tujtljn bot c<x-
pdl, unlight or descend oft' thy
horse.

Cu/inam, a descent.

Cu/in<xm, rest, quiet; n; ce;b tu/t-
nam, he is never at rest.

Cu/ino;;i, a Burner.

Cu/tycolbab, frequent skirmishes
or engagements.

Cu/tt/ia, a district of Orgialla, for-
merly possessed by the O'Flins,
the O'Donnellans, and the

_ O'Heircks.

Cu^itu;^, a turtle ; Lat. turtur. \

Cu/tuy, a journey ; vid. tu/i<xy. .

Cufiuyan, a traveller.

Cuy, a beginning, a foundation ;
<x/t ttuf, in the beginning ; also
first; genit. tu;y; <X;t Ctujy, or
<x/t bu;y, in the first place; hence
tu;yeac, corruptly written tao;-
yeac, a leader, or duke; Lat.

c u

11

dux, duels, quasi dus, dusls, the
x and the s being of the same
sound in the Celtic as it is in
French.

CU;-a, thou, even thou, thou also ;
eabfiunya aju^ tru/-a, between
me and thee.

, fiction.

n, the beginning ; ex. o tiif-
b;n accuf- 5 cjbea^an na b;-
Ijnbe, from the beginning and
overflowing of the waters of the
delue. — L. B.

rather; also the former;
n;b buf tu^-ja, sooner, or rather
than.

, incense.

;, a leap or jump ; vulgarly

desultory, skipping,
jumpng ; pja;nri to^mCvjn na
jiOtab agu^ ;omrtua jab na neac
aju^ na cca/tbab ttu^logac,
the noise of the rattling wheels,
and of the prancing horses, and
of the jumping chariots. — Nah.
3.2.

Cuj-lojajm, to skip or jump ; <xg
tu^loga an na cnocujb, skip-
ping upon the hills.

Cu/-mob, a bond-slave.

Cu^o/tnac, a parricide.

Cutac, filthy, dirty ; also ungainly,
awkward.

Cutraj j;l, dirt, filth ; awkward-

ness.

REMARKS ON THE LETTER U.

U is now the seventeenth and last letter of the Irish alphabet, which
originally consisted but of sixteen letters. — Vid. Remarks on the letter
p. Our grammarians call this vowel by the name of U, which, according
to Flaherty, signifies heath, vulgarly called ptaoc, Lat. erica. But
should it not rather signify that noble ornament of the forest, the yew-tree,
which in Irish is called u/t, otherwise written ubuft and juba/i. U is one
of the three broad or grave vowels, and was used indifferently instead of
a or o, not only in the Irish language, but likewise in the Greek and La-
tin. Cassiodorus observes that the old Latins made no difference be-
tween u and o in their manner of writing or pronouncing : volt being fre-
quently used for vitlt, colpa for cvlpa, prcestu for prcesto, poblicum for

publicuni, and hoc for hue, as in Virgil's ^Eneid, " hoc tune ignipotens
coelo descendit ab alto." And for the Greek WL, the Latins wrote nox ;
for Gr. fjLv\r\, Lat. mola; also a for u, as Gr. KV\«S, Lat. calix ; Gr. fj.v-
Satu, Lat. madeo; likewise u for a, as for the Greek HfKo/Sij the Latins
wrote Hecuba; Gr. KaXafioq, Lat. culmus ; and in the Latin we find the
a in the word calco changed into u in its compound conculco. The Irish
alphabet has no r consonant, to which an aspirated b or b is equivalent
in power and pronunciation ; as likewise in the Gr. a single /3, or beta,
serves for v ; thus for the Hebrew word TIT, the Greeks write Aa/3t S,
as the Irish do (Dab;. — Vid. Remarks on the letters 6 and p. U is the
initial, or leading vowel, of the three uphthongs, uj, ua, and ua;, called
na tft; bu;lteana, from ujllean, the honey-suckle tree; Lat. caprifolium.
Scioppius and Carisius have remarked that a syllable may be formed
455

U

U

either by one vowel or by two or three, as in the word aquae, &c. ; but
Quintilian will not allow that three vowels can be united in one syllable,
and Terencian joins him in the same opinion: syllabam, says he, non in-
venimus ex tribus. But a syllable of three vowels is very common, as
well as easy and natural in the Irish language. The Hebrews have the
diphthong ui, as in the word >N^j, Lat. revelatum, &c. ; as also a whole
word consisting only of two vowels, as the Hebrew »X, which signifies an
island, region, or country. — Fid. Opitius's and Buxtarf s Heb. Lexicons.
I would be curious to know how the ingenious Monsieur Bergier, who
allows no radicals but consonants, would make out the radical formation
of this Heb. word >K, or of the Greek words viov, the genitive, and vtta,
the accusative of vio£,filius ; and of many other words of a like frame in
other languages, especially in the Irish, wherein words consisting of vowels
alone are very frequent. Nor is M. Bergier's own language destitute of
words of such a frame : the word eau, water, is an obvious proof of it,
amongst many others. I should rather join in opinion with the learned
and judicious author of the treatise on the Mechanical Formation of Lan-
guages, who reckons the vowels amongst the radical elements of all words.
Their being commutable with each other should not deprive them of
that privilege, no more than the consonants ; many of which are equally
interchangeable, and promiscuously used. Before we have done with the
vowels it is fit to remark, that words beginning with a vowel, being of the
masculine gender and of the nominative case singular, must admit of the
letter c as a prefix, when preceded by the Irish particle <nn, as <xn
&c.

<xn

U

tl<x, from; Lat. de, ab ; ex. as,
u<vjm, i. e. uo. me, from me;
u<x;t, i. e. u<x tu, from you;
imib, i. e. u<x ffi, or uvx ;b, from
ye ; hence

ila, signifies any male descendants,
whether son or grandson, or in
any other degree or descent
from a certain ancestor or stock ;
thus ua 0/i;a;n, signifies the
son or any other descendant of
Brian ; u<x f^Iejl, the son, or of
the posterity of Nial, &c. In
latter ages this word u<x has
been changed into 0, as 0'D;i;-
<xjn, Engl. O'Brien, O'Neil, &c.
In this manner it is used as a
prefix to family names, and
serves to distinguish families
from each other by subjoining
4.56

II

the name of the ancestor which
is regarded as the stock. Other
Irish families are distinguished
by the word mac, which strictly
signifies a son, subjoining in like
manner the name of the stock,
as 00<xc Cant<x;j, Engl. Mac
Carty, CPac £)omn<x;t, Engl. Mac
Donel, &c. ; and in this manner
the word m<xc signifies a descen-
dant, or posterity, as well as ucx
or 0. U<x sometimes signifies
an heir of one's own issue or
posterity, as in the expression
b;m;b fe £<xn u<x gan a;t;u j<xb,
he died without heir or habita-
tion. This word ua, signifying
a son, is of the same root with
the Greek vitvg, which makes
viov? in the genitive, and vtm in

U

U

the accusative ; \jaA..JHius. The
names of some Irish families of
note, beginning with 0 or GQac,
which have not as yet been men-
tioned in this Dictionary, shall
be set down at the end of this
letter, with an account of their
respective stocks and ancient
properties.

aban, fear, dread, horror ; to. an
uaba;n, the day of horror, or
the dreadful day (of judgment.)
In its inflections it forms uaba;n
and uabna. It is sometimes writ-
ten oban, and sometimes impro-
perly written uaman and Oman,
for the Greek tyofiov, which is
evidently of the same root, is
written with b, and not m; Wei.
ora/i, Arm. and Cor. oun, Can-
tabr. ou-fia.

Uabaft, pride, pomp, vain-glory;
Lat. snperbia.

Uaba^ac, or ua;b;teac, proud,
haughty, arrogant

Uacb, a will or testament; pij-
ba;m le buact, I leave by my
last will and testament ; also
I protest. Written sometimes

Uacba/i, the top, summit, or upper
part of any thing; uacbap na
nu;^geaba, the face of the wa-
ters; tarn lajbj>t an uacba;>t,
Gall, vigueur de dessus, the
motto of the O'Briens; lam a
nuacbaj/i, the upper hand in
wrestling or fighting; b uacba^t
30 b;ocba/t, from top to bot-
tom.

Uacba/i, cream.

Uacba/t tjfte, the upper part of
Ormond.

Uacbaftac, uppermost, highest ;
bap na Cftao;be uacbaftujje,
the top of the uppermost bough.

Uacbanan, a president, or go-
vernor.

Uacbananacb, presidencv, supre-
457

inacy, sovereignty.
Uaba, or uajb, from him ;

aguf uaba, to and from him, to

and again.

Uabcacb, terror, horror.
Uabba^-ac, terrible.
Uaj, a grave; ap a bua;j, upon

her grave; cum na buajje, to

the grave.
Ua^ba, a choice, election, or op-

tion.
Ua;b, from you, i. e. ua, or 6 ;b or

ffi ; -&(if an ccu;b a^ ^-;a uajb

bon talam, unto the uttermost

part of the earth ; t; j;b uajb,

come ye forth.

Uajb/ieac, proud, vain-glorious.
Ua;b and uaba^an, from him.
Ua; j and uam, a den or cave.
Ua; j/tejft, full of arbitrary sway.
Ua;jneac, lonesome, solitan-,

alone.
Ua;jnea/~, lonesomeness, solitari-

ness ; lujjjb a nua;jn;^-, they

lurk privily.
Ua;l, a wailing or lamentation ;

Lat. ulidatio.
Uajl, a howling or cry ; ua;l con,

the howling of a dog or dogs.
Ua;le, vanity, pride, vain-glory;

uajll -)f b;omar an c^*aoja;l,

the pride and vanity of the

world ; t^te a nua;lle, through

their pride.
Ua;lt, famous, illustrious, renown-

ed.

Uajlteab, a roaring or howling.
Uuajtlpeantac, howling; a bjra-

;-ac ua^n;i ua;tlpea^t:a; j, in

the solitary howling wilderness.
Ua;ll;j;m, to roar or howl; bo

uajU me, I have roared ; ua;t-

t;m, idem ; Lat. ulido, and Gr.

Ua;ltmjanac, ambitious.
Uajlrea^r, or uatca^tr, the howl-

ing of a wolf, dog, &c.
Uajm, or |:ua;m, a sound, or re-

port.

3 M

u a

u

Ua;m, notes on the harp; also con-
cordance in verse.
^ , from me, i. e. u<x, or 6 me.

Uajm, a den or cave.

U<xjmneac, dreadful, horrid, ter-
rible ; potius uabanac, vid. u<x-

Utx;mnjijm, to terrify; also to be
afraid ; no. bua;bn; jtea/t j-;b
jiompa pib, be not ye afraid of
them.

Ua;/i, a time or turn ; also an
opportunity ; also respite ; <x/t
ua;n, at leisure, or free from bu-
siness ; u<x;n mujtjnn, the turn of
grinding in the mill.

Uctjn, the loan of a thing.

Utvjneacb, vacation.

Ucx;nn and u<vjnne, from us, i. e.
ua, or 6 ;nne, or fjnne; -jnnjf
*>o;b ua;nn, tell them from us.
<x;/i, in old Irish manuscripts is
often written for 5j;i, which is
always used when a reason is
assigning for something lately
affirmed, and answers sometimes
to the Latin enim, enimvero.,
sometimes to quia, or quoniam ;
and to the English for, because
that ; u<x;/t n;l 4. n'albap jrea/t
jf jre<x/i/t jnaf e, for in Scotland
there is not to be found a better
man than him.

1, an hour; also once, on a
time; Lat. hora, Gr. wpa, Wei.
aur ; <xn ba uaj^e, these two
times ; a nua^, when ; an ua;/i
^)n, then, immediately ; <x;t ua-
;tjb, sometimes ; mo/tan bua;/t)b,
often, many a time.

tlaj/ijob<xc, otherwise jrua;i;oba.c,
subject to cold distempers, chil-

. ly ; hence <xob uaj;t;ob<ic was
so called ; vid. K. A. D. 593.

Ua;^, noble, well-descended ; Col-

. l<x u<x;^~, Colla the noble, an
Irish prince ; im;;~-;nge<xn, a

• noble daughter.

and ua;/-Ijb, the nobility

:458

or gentry ; ua^te C;;te<xn, the
nobility of Ireland.

and u<x;^le<xctr, nobility,
generosity.

aj^l; j;m, to nobilitate, or make
noble.

;u j<xb, a making noble.
, from thee, i. e. u<x, or o tu ;

jt, speak out, say on.
tc/rjt, horror.

Ua;c;, or ua;te, from her, or it, of
her, i. e. u<x, or 5 7 ; <x n;b fra/*a^
uajce j:e;n, that which grows
spontaneously.

U<x;tne, menstrua muliebria; bo
'

jtobejc p/

<xn l<x;m b;a poncx caob, Rachel
in locum secessit occultum, et
quasi menstrua pater etur, sedit
super idolum patris sui. — L. B.

U<x;cne, green; also greenness.

Uajtne, a pillar, or post.

Uajtne, union ; a poetical term,
the same with c6m<x/tbu j<xb, or
correspondence, but with this
difference, that the former is
used always in that sort of verse
called n&niifjeact mofi, and in
that called c<ty~b&}/u)e.

Uajtne, the country now called
Owny in the Counties of Lime-
rick and Tipperary, the ancient
patrimony of the O'Dinnahanes,
and afterwards of the O'Ryans.

Ua;tn;jjm; to prop or support.

Uat<xc, a burden, a charge ; be<xb-
c/iom(Xb no. nuat<xc c/tom, to
make light their heavy burden ;
bo cuj/t fe bu<xt<xc u;;i/te, he
charged or obliged her.

Ual<x; j;m, to load or burthen.

llallac, pro eolac, expert, skilful ;
<v.^ e ^iob u<vlc<x, he was the most
expert.

Uallac, vain, silly, vain-glorious,
ostentatious ; also lewd ; birjne
imttac e<ibr/iom, a vair, conceit-
ed coxcomb.

u

u b

Uallacan, a coxcomb.

Uallaca;', silliness, vanity, conceit;
also lewdness. — Ezek. 16. 43.

Uatmaj j;m, to howl or roar.

Ualirwfinac, an outcry.

Uamca/'a;m, to encompass or sur-
round.

Uaro, a cave, a den, or oven ; an
uajm t;neab, in a fiery furnace;
uam t aim an, a subterraneous ca-
vern, a souterain.

x Han, rectivs uajn, or uajan, Lat.
arr/nis, a lamb; uan ccyja, the
Passover, or the Paschal Lamb ;
plur. udna;b; Gr. accusat. wov,
Lat. orem.

Uon, froth, foam ; uan tu;nne, the
froth or foam of the sea.

Ua/tac-mullac, the herb called the
devil's bit; Lat. succisa.

Ua/tac, temporary, of a short du-
ration ; n; bu ua/tac jm jrea;tc
n'£)e, she was constant in the
love of God.

U<\f, upon, more than, upwards, or
above ; Lat. super.

Ua^al, noble, well-descended ; also
a gentleman ; also Sir; a uapxjl
jonroup, beloved Sir ; pi. ua;;-le,
gentry ; also the nobility.

Uat, fear or dread.

Hat, the earth, or mould.

Hat, a hawthorn or whitethorn ;
hence, according to the book of
Lecan, it gives name to the let-
ter f).

Hat, a small number; tao;/~eac
a/i uata ^ocujbe, an officer of a
small number of troops.

Hat and uatma^, terrible.

Hat, solitary, lonesome, or alone;
agu/- e an uat ajuj- an aona/t,
and he was left solitary and
alone.

Uata. single ; an u;bj/i uata, the
singular number; also solitary,
lonesome.

Uatab, a little, a small quantity, a
few; a;t uatab bujbne, bavins
459

but tew attendants; b.
roeab j\j j 30 ^lejtjnoeac be,
aju^- e aj;t uatab a tao;^eaca,
he was solemnly declared king,
although he had been attended
but by a few of his chieftains.
Cajt/tejm Cftojftb.
Uatamajl, single, solitary.
Hat So.;-, astonishment, surprise,

wonder.

Uatbapxc, shocking, dreadful, ter-
rible.

Udtcomftab, soliloquy.
Ub, the point of a thing ; ub ctojb-

jm, the point of a sword.
Ubal, an apple; ma'i ubal a yul,

as the apple of his eye.
Uca;^e, a cottener or napper of
frize or ratteen. The translator
of the Bible interprets it a fuller ;
a f I; je mo;/t maca;/te an uca;-
ne, in the highway of the Fuller's
field. -Is. 7.3.

f a;m, to abolish, or extinguish ;
?to ucjra/~ otlna;b, that will abo-
lish pride and haughtiness.
Uc, ah, alas ! uc ! a/t an O^tao;,

alas ! says the Druid.
Ucb, the breast, the bosom; ab
ucb, in thy bosoin ; tar ucb a;^i,
he faced him, he assaulted ; tur
ucb a^t an lojnj, he attacked
the ship ; a^~ ucb, in the name,
or for the sake of; <\f ucb (De,
for God's sake ; reel i us uct, Lat.
pectus ; preefigendo litteram (/?)
et substituendo (e) loco («).
Ucb-eabac and ucb-ejbe, a breast-
plate.

Uctac, a stomacher, or breast-
plate, Is. 3. 24 ; uctac e;c, the
breast-plate of a saddle; also
delivery in speech.
Ub, that there ; an taob ub> that *

side.

Ubbrionn, a joint.
Ubnoab, an enclosure.
Ubmab, a withe used for shutting a
wicket or door of a cow-house.

U J

11 J

llbmall, quick, active, stirring; na
b; p3/t ubrrxvjlte, do not be go-
ing.

, choice, election.
, birth.

Uj, an egg. — Luke, 11. 12.

Uga;m, plur. ujamab, horse-har-
ness, or traces ; a nu^<x;m <xn
camitjl, in the camel's furniture.

Uja.m<x;m, to accoutre, to harness;
bugmujb ^-e, he saddled ; u j<x-
mu;j n<x fte;c, harness ye the
horses.

llj<xmt<\, harnessed, equipped, or
accoutred.

Ugbu;be<xcan, for obbu;becan, the
yolk of an egg.

11 jb<x/i, an author.

Ugba/tfy" and ujbajtba^, autho-
rity ; Lat. authoritas.

Ugbartfy-dc, authentic ; also pow-
erful.

U jba/ify~<x;m, to authorize or em-
power, to authenticate.

llg/ia, a fight, a conflict, or skir-
mish.

U;b; ft, a number; ujb;/i co/i/i, the
odd number. This word should
rather be written ajfnjp, or nu;-
mj/1, as it has a plain affinity
with the Latin numerus.

Ujbne, a small pitcher, or can.

Ujbne, or jbne, drinking.

U;b, care, heed.

U;be, a journey ; u;be eun leu beaj,
eleven days' journey.

Ujb-jjotla, a running footman.

U;beac, musical, harmonious.

U;b;beo.ct:, harmony, melody.

U;ge, a jewel, pearl, or precious
stone.

U;ge, a web ; Lat. tela.

Ujge, or o;re, carded wool for
clothes to oe spun into thread ;
hence it signifies the drawing
out of a poem ; also a poem it-
self.

Ujge, knowledge, skill, ingenuity,
or understanding;
460

Jntteact, without knowledge or
understanding.

, a fleet or navy ; &ftb ta-

jjjnje, an admiral,
a contracted writing of trjbjl,
a Jew; n<x bu;t, of the Jews: it
is only a variation of u;b ; Lat.
Judceus.

U;lc, the plur. of olc, evils, mis-
chiefs.

Ujle, all; u;le comact^c, omni-
potent.

U;le and u;tean, an elbow ; also a
nook or corner ; Cor. illin, and
Wei. elin, Gr. wXfvjj, and Lat.
ulna.

U;teacb, universality, generality.

U;tecum<xcb<xc, almighty.

U;l;b, all ; 50 bu;l;be, universally,
all together.

U;tle and o;lte, greater.

U;lle<xnn, an elbow ; vid. u;le.

U;lleann, the honeysuckle ; hence
it is the name of the diphthong
u;. — Fid. O? Flaherty.

U;lle<xnry<xc, cornered, or having an-
gles; ce<xt<x/t-u;Ue<xnn<xc, four-
square, or quadrangular.

Ujm, the earth ; Lat. humus ; vid.
urn.

Ujm and um<x, brass or copper.

U;mce<xlt<xc and u;roceo.U6g, any
close private place.

Ujmc/rjt:, an earthquake.

U;me, about him, upon him ; bo -
cuj/t ft u;me <x eubac, he has
put on his clothes, he is dressed ;
u;me, and u;me fjn, therefore.

Ujmebjm, to encompass, to em-
brace.

Ujmpxl/i<ty-r<v;m, rectivs u
;i<x;m, to pace or amble.

ll;rh;;i, a number; u;m;^ 6;/t, the
golden number.

ll;mte<xc and u;mle<xccu7, the navel.

U;mleact<x, of the fashion of a navel.

U;mme;^5, rust.

U;mpe, on her ; nj cu;/tjrjb f)
u;mpe <x betxbac, she will not

U J

11 1

put on her clothes.
U;mpl;ocba;m, to embrace.
UjmftecuTKXrt, very fat.
U;nce, a battle.
U;nje, an ounce; u;nge bo^t, an

ounce of gold.
Ujnne, blind.
U;nneo.iT), strength.
Ujnnemejnt, ointment. — Luke, 7.

46.

Ujnnjun, an onion.
, is, or it is.

t, mould, earth ; o o. ujp, O thou
earth, /o6, 16. 18 ; ujp-ljdf, a
garden.

U;/i, fire ; r/f/. cm.
Ujftcujl, a cricket ; it may also sig-
nify the chur-worm, or fen-crick-
et ; Lat. gryllus, i.e. salaman-
der: Moufet's grylla-talpa.
U;rtbu;jab, an eclipse, as of the
light of the sun or moon, or of
the consonants.
Ujrtb/te<xc<xb, a delineation.
U;;ie, more fresh ; also freshness.
UJnea^bac, indigent, beggarly :
also needful.

b, want, defect.
, the fore-teeth,
a rejoicing.
llj'i jjol, a command.
U;/tjfte<xnn<xcb, puberty, ripeness,
of age.

and u;neab, a share or por-
tion, as much as.

, whilst, or as long as; ex.
ujft ujm C;^i;onn,
whilst or long as a sea shall en-
compass Ireland.

or a-jjvjpjol, base, mean;
also slavish, cringing.
U;/i;;-le and uj^;^leacb, lowliness,
meanness.

, to debase, or disparage.
, tools or instruments of a
tradesman.

a vomiting.

, a walled garden ; from
earth, and ijOf, a fort,
461

ditch.

Ujpnejf and fujjwejf, a furnace.

Ujn-te, unto her, upon her or it : a
n;omp6cujb 7~e uj^ne 4.p)f, shall
he again return unto her, or up-
on her ? bo puj ye u;^t^e, he
overtook, or caught her.

U;;tt:ne<xn<x, i. e pej^be, the pits
of water remaining on the strands
after the ebb ; jron u;nt:ne<inn<x
n<x t/ACiia, on the strand-pits.

Ujf, humble, obedient ; bon H; j
b&bd.ft u;^e, they were obedient
to the king.

Uj^ebeotacb, supplication.
or fujfeo^, a lark.

^ or u;rce' and Plur-
vvater ;

spring-water;
vitce ; Scot. S. uisgh, and Tur-
cice, ^« and scJiuy. This word
ujj-ge enters as part of a com-
pound into the names not only
of many places in Ireland, but
also of several cities in England
and elsewhere, which are situate
near rivers, lakes, or marshy
grounds. But it must be noted',
that it has been corrupted by the
Britons, Romans, and Saxons, in-
to ox, ex, ax, and ux, which are
only different expressions of Of£,

eJ~5> *fZ> or uf£> a11 signifying
water or u;^je; the Irish or
Celtic f~g or ^c being no way
different from the Latin and Eng-
lish x, which the French to this
day call sg. Thus Ox-ford, or
, literally means Wa-

ter-ford, and then agrees with
Mr. Leland's definition Oitse-
ford, from the river Ou.se, or
Isis, on which Oxford is situate,
the word ouse itself being only
another corruption of our u;^-je.
Thus also Oxus is the name of
a considerable river of Asia ac-
cording to Pliny. Ex-ceter, the ~~
chief city of Devonshire, was

U I

II L

formerly called Isca, and now
literally means e^j or u;/-j-ca-
ta;/t, i. e. water-toicn, for ca-
ta;/t signifies a town ; in the old
British it is called Kaer-eask.
Hex-ham, in Northumberland,
situate on the river Tine, was
by the Romans called Axelo-
dunum, both words literally
meaning a town of water, or
watery-town, i. e. be^j-e^j, or
u;^£-bam, water-town, for bam
signifies a town ; and Axelo-
dunum, or Asgelo-dunum, i. e.
bun-u};~5;ju;jt; bun being the Irish
for a town, and Ujf^yu;!, watery,
of water. Uxello-dunum, the
Roman name of Yssoul-dun, in
the province of Guienne, is of
the same root, as is Uxella, the
Latin name of Crocker-well in
Devonshire. Usocana, or Uxo-
cona, was also the Latin name
of Oken-yate, i. e. water-yate,
or "jKXCj which latter word in
Irish means a region or country.
Tims we find that the ancient
name of Adrianople in Thrace
was TJscudama, according to
Ammianus, i. e. u;/-;z;e-ba;m, or
the watery-residence, for ba;m
in Irish signifies a house or resi-
dence, like the above bun, and
can in compounds be applied to
a village, town, &c. ; vid. ba;m
supra.

fjeamajl, or uj^gjujl, moist,
moorish, fenny, of or belonging
to waters ; t;/i, or a;tr ujf-gea-
majl, a watery region or place, a
marsh.

j;m, to water or irrigate.

r-> an oyster.

or upvj/te, an usurer.
ia;m, to humbly beseech,
to entreat ; Lat. obtestor.

c, importunate.
U;^neac, an ancient name of the
County of Longford.
462

Ulacb, colour.

Ulab, or Ullab, the province ok ^
Ulster, in the most northern
parts of Ireland. Ulla^j, or Ul-
ta;j, the inhabitants of that pro-
vince, the Ultonians so called,
according to Keating, from Ol-
lam poba, who was king of that
province.

Ula;b, a pack-saddle.

Ulbuabac, all-victorious, trium-
phant.

Ulcac, the quinsy.

Ulca, a beard ; ulc paba, having a
long beard.

Ulla, a place of devotion; com-
monly said of a burying-place ;
an tulla cnam na ccom-bfiajt:-
;teac, the burying-place of the
bones of their confreres ; also a
cross or calvary belonging to a
cathedral church ; ulla an re-
ampujll, the calvary of the
church; ulla aju^ Cloga^ an
JMao;m Cbolmajn, the cross or
calvary, and the steeple of St.
Colman, first bishop of Cloyne,
in the south of the County of
Cork; vid. cut.

Ulla, now the County of Down, ,±
anciently possessed by the Ma-
genesses.

Ullam, or ollam, a learned man, or
proficient in any science ; ollam
ne ban, a professor in poetry ;
a/tb ollam, a poet-laureat ; ol-
lam lej %]f> a physician ; genit.
ollaman ; mu/t ullaman, an aca-
demy.

Ullam, ready, prepared, forward,
apt; ullam cum u/tc6jbe, prone
to mischief.

Ullamajm and ullmuTab, to pre-
pare, or make ready ; vid. ull-

Ullcabcan, an owl ; acd;m
ulcabcan an nua;rne;^, I am
like an owl of the desert; com-
panac bo ulcabcana;I5, a com-

11 CO

U

pan ion to owls.

UUmaj jjm, to make ready,, to pro-
cure or provide ; noc bo ullm<Xjj
me, which I had provided; bo
uUirxxjjeciban, they prepared;
tran ullmocu/" ;<xb, when they
shall make ready.

Ullmaj jre. prepared, made ready.

UUmSjb, a preparation, provision.

Ultmujab, a getting ready, a pre-
paring.

UUtac, pro udlac, a burden, a
load, as much as one may carry
on his back, or in his arms.

UUtac, an Ultonian, or Ulster-

man.

- Urn and ujm, when prefixed to
nouns of time, signifies about ;
as, u;m <xn <xm^o fO, about this
time ; u;m tndt nona, about
evening; and when prefixed to

• other nouns it implies along
with, or at the head of; ex. bo
tdjnjj Cojnbealbac ann u;m
Laocu;b trojf-gbeoba na G0;be,
Turlogh came thither at the
head of the active heroes of
Meath. It is also used to sig-
nify meeting, when it imme-
diately follows t;d;Uajm, or tan-
£<x;m ; bo td-ilajb fe. ujm £>bo-
mnal. he met with Daniel: urn
signifies also about or upon, as
uma;nn, umab, quod rid.; Wei.
am, Lat. in cjmpounds am, and
Gr. aju^t.

Urn, with, or together with ; Lat.

r urn.

--*• Urnab, about thee, or upon thee ;
cu;rt bo bfteacdn um<xb, put on
thy plaid ; eu;/t umab, dress thy-
thyself, i. e. urn, ajm cu.

Umajnn, i. e. urn ;nn, or um fjnn,
about or upon us ; <x to. umdjnn,
we are dressed.

Um<xn, human ; nabujrt umdn, hu-
man nature ; Lat. hitmamis.

, a ridge; alias pm<x;^e.
, a trough ; also diverse sorts
463

of vessels ; urn an ba;^be, the
baptismal font ; um<X/t u;;-ge
coj^-neajca, the holy water-ves-
sel ; <x num<x^ <xn jrjona, in the
wine-trough ; um<xn muc, a hog-
trough.

Umb;t<xcajiD, to embrace.

Umcd^ab, a vertigo, a dizziness.

UmcnOjbe<xl, the pericardium, or
membrane enclosing the heart.

Umb,rtu;b;m, to shut up close, to
besiege.

Umbfiu;bte, closed up, stopped
up;

Ump<y5<x;in, to embrace.

Um jcior, a whirlwind.

Um- jlacajm, to grip or grasp.

tlma, copper; coj/ie uma, a copper
chaldron; it is sometimes used
for brass.

Uma, vld. U<UTJ, a cave or den.

Umajt, heed, attention, considera-
tion; cu;;t <x numajt bam, put
me in mind; Cfteb jrd a ba;-
ceann tu. an b/totr aca a
beafiBndtart, <xju^" ndc
ann tu a nama;l an tr^ajt a tCx
ann bo fujl y£jn ? Why be-
holdest thou the mote that is in
thy brother's eye, and consider-
est not the beam that is in thine
own. — Matt. 7. 3.

Umal, humble, obedient; Lat. hu-
ttriK*.

Umalacb, humilit)', obedience.

Umalojb, agony ; umatojb an B
the pangs of death.

Umlab, obeisance, submission.

UrTilaJjeactr, humility, obedience.

Umlajjjm, to obey or submit, to
humble ; amlu;^ tu pe;n, hum-
ble thyself.

Umtuiab, an humbling, or saluting
with a low bow ; bd ntimtu jab
fejn, humbling themselves.

Umlafyta, circumlocution.

Umo/irtO, but, even, moreover; v'nL
jomu^^to, umu^^o, idem.

Um^u;b;m, to besiege.

u

Una, hunger, famine, want of vic-
tuals.

Una, the proper name of a woman,
very common in Ireland; n; b;0n
<xn teac a mbjon Una, ta na
leatr jan nuna, the house which
Una governs is never a day or
six hours without hunger and
famine; Una jngean 71; j Loc-
tonn j:a matajfi bo Cbonn Ceab-
catac, Una, the daughter of the
king of Denmark, was the mo-
ther of Conn Ceabcatac.

Unjraj/itr, wallowing ; aj unjra;;it
a 7"alcaft, wallowing in dirt.

ajm, to tumble or toss, to
wallow ; unjca;/it; j ;-;B ce;n a
lua;t/ieab, wallow yourselves in
the ashes.

Ung, unga, or ;onja, the nail ;
Lat. unguis.

Unjab, unction, anointment; un-
jab be;j;onac, extreme unc-
tion.

Unjajm, to anoint; a/i na unjab
le bola a na;nro an C;a/ina,
ungentes oleo in nomine Do-
mini; Lat. ungo.

Ungta, anointed ; neac unjta an
CJjea/ina, the anointed one, or
the Christ of the Lord ; an a j-
ajb a ungta, against his anoint-
ed.

Un^"a, an ounce ; vid. u;nge ; Lat.
uncia.

Unta^, a windlass.

Upta, sorcery, witchcraft.

U^, fresh ; j:e6;l u;i, fresh meat.

U/t, u;/i, mould or earth ; also the
grave ; cu;/ij:;b me fan uj/t jab,
I will bury them in the earth, or
grave.

Ujt, evil, mischief, hurt.

U/i, slaughter.

lljt, generous, noble-hearted ; it is
also prefixed as a part of a com-
pound, and then signifies noble,
commendable, as u/t fl)0ct, a
noble race.

4(>4

U T7

U/1, a brink, or border ; eabon TO
7}u;/i na jraj/i/ige, even to me
edge of the sea. — los. 13. 27.

U/i, a beginning ; an u/i-copxc na
7)0;bce, in the evening, in the
very beginning of night.

U/i, heath ; hence the letter U takes
its name.

U/i, fire ; hence u/i-cujl, a cricket,
or salamander, i. e. a fire-fly ;
cu;l an u;/i, or na te/ne, Gr.
Trup, ignis; hence the Latin
uro.

U/i, a moist place, a valley.

U/i, very; as u/i-j/iana, very ugly;
1, verv mean.

U/iac, a bottle ; also a pail, a small
tub.

U/iact, a support.

U/iajceacb, an accidence, or prim-
er.

U/ia;ceact, a beginning; also a
book for the education of youth.

U/iajje, the former.

U/ian^ courtesy, affability.

U/iba;b, a ward or custody.

U^tba; je, bane, ruin, destruction.

U/ibla;t, fruitful, abounding with
blossom ; p/i;m Oj\ t be;/- bo
ca;tirie : a ablujnn u/i-Bla;t
beannu; jte : bob cajteair) <x
cuj/ip an ;i;j: majteam mu;lc
)f mapjnjm ; literally, O fruit-
ful blessed host which I have
now received, thou body of my
king, I humbly beseech thee to
pardon me my sins and iniqui-
tous actions.

U/i-boc, a hut or cottage.

U/icajt, fetters, shackles; u/ica;l
/iona, a fetter of hair.

U/ica;lte, fettered; also forbid-
den.

U^callac, a heifer of a year and a
half old ; one of two years old is
cotta;b ; one of three years old
is ao^ ba/ia.

Uptcfvjb, hurt, harm, detriment,
malice, mischief.

u n

u

U/tcojbeac and Uftcojbe<xm<xjl, ma-
licious, mischievous.

Urtco;b;m, to hurt or damage, to
bear malice.

Ui\cOf%, a preservative against any
kind of evil ; hence iwcojrj, and
vulgarly called unftabu/^, is a
spell or superstitious kind of •
prayer, otherwise called Artfito..

Uncnabac, wretched, miserable.

U/tcu/t, a throw, a cast, a shot ; <ic
<xn Uficujft, Shotford, a village
of Westmeath.

U/tcu;broe<xb, a denial, or put off, j
an excuse.

Uftcujbmj jjm, to excuse.

Uftbdjce, defect.

Itybuba, a darkening, or ecli]
Uftbubci n<x jfte^ne, an eclipse
of the sun.

t, autumn.
[, a lifting, or taking up.

rejoicing, or congra-
tulation; u/tTcvjribeo.cur*, idem.

l, to rejoice.

", an exchange, or altera-
tion.

IT), a feast,
mog, a gossip.

roojpt and u/tgndmdjbe, a
guest ; also a small feast.

L, very ugly, deformed,
monstrous.

Uftl<x and unlam, a lock of hair ;
hence it is put for the hair in
general.

U/tl<xb<x;fi, and genit. unl<xb^<X, ut-
terance, the faculty of speech ;
5<xn <x;tne gan u^l<xb^t<x, sense-
less and speechless.

Uftl<xjbe, a skirmish, or conflict.

Ufilajm, possession.

U/tla;ce, quick, active, ready.

Ufil<xm, quick, ready.

U/tlamo./", or u^lamu^, possession ;
also the supreme power and au-
thority ; <\ft tteacc bu^ilamaf
Cj^onn a yejlb "&&11, when the
supreme power or dominion of
465

Ireland came into the hands of
the English, Cd.jt-nejm
bealBa; j, also captivity.

Untann. a staff; urtlann
the staff of a spear.

U;tlan, a floor ; tmlCxn t; je, the
floor of a house; unla^ buajl-
t:e, a threshing-floor.

U^tatajb, activity of body, tum-
bling.

Un-luac<X}rt, green rushes.

U/tmaj, Armoy.

Upm&jf, bo U'ima^, he resolved
upon, or he intended.

Un-mumajn, Ormond.

U/tn<x;bm, or u^najbm, a knot or
tie; also the pin or jack that
fastens the wires on a harp.

U/tn<x;je, a prayer; plur. u;tna;j-
te; bo ^jnne ye unna;je, he
prayed.

U^^<xb, a surety; hence it signifies
a good or warrantable author;
also a defendant in a process.

Urtjtcxb, a chieftain.

U>ftab-t;j, household goods, fur-
niture.

Umtcie, obedience or submission.

U/t/tajb, ceann u^;t<xjb, the princi-
pal person.

Uftftajm, respect, obedience, ho-
nour, deference; <ibcOb<x <x;^tm
un^<xjm, the sword requires obe-
dience.

, a stay, or support.
c, respectful, submissive.
cb, homage, submission.
no. le;^-e, the hip, or huc-
kle-bone.

tfilugajm, to vomit ; biiftlu;c fe
jono. bucc, he vomited in her
bosom.

, vomiting ; <xg u^^luj<xn
bpma^tc<xc, vomiting exces-
sively.

^ubay, security, suretyship ; also
undauntedness, courage ; boo bo-
na^" <xn tu^^tuba^, suretyship
attends the unfortunate.
3 N

u s

u u

bold, confident, un-
daunted.

a. and u/i^-<x;n, the side-post of
a door ; plur. u^<xnn<x ; <xg u/t-
^*<xnn<xjb mo bo;/i^e, at the posts
of my doors; <x/t ba upfajnn, on
the two side-posts; hence it sig-
nifies a bold, intrepid man ;
d]\f<\ <xn c/iejbjro, the faith's
defender ; hence the compound
word coro-U;i^<x, a neighbour ;
Lat. ursa, a bear.
fy-c<Xft and u?yc<X;it<Xb, a clean-
sing.

diminut. of u^cx, a little
bear.

lty/*ul, a pair of tongs; quasi
filial:, Lai. forceps.

U;tt:<x;be, an oath.

Ityulab, an altar.

U;tu/-<x, or fru/tity-, easy, feasible,
practicable ; u/tupx le<xm le;-
g;on bo, I can easily give it
over; nj bu^upx Ijoro, I can
hardly.

Uf, news, or tidings of any thing,
a narrative or story.

UT~<X, easier ; c)a -)f ^f^ * J1^,
whether is it easier to say; ryj
hufQ. l;om 7-0 no. pn, this is not
easier to me than that.

Ufa, just, righteous, true.

, power or faculty ; ;y u/-<\.ct
you may, it lies in your
power.

Upxjbe, ^easier ; jpm u^<xjbe bu;t
<xn n;b pn <x beun<xm, thou
mayst the easier do it.
death.
pro tru/"5A, incense; job-

te<xb, I will offer unto thee burn-
ed sacrifices of fat cattle with
the incense of rams.

, to clear or rid.
, play or sport, as in just-
ling or wrestling.

, cheerful, brisk, mer-
466

ry ; also nimble, active.
U^la;nne<xcb, cheerfulness, brisk-

ness, activity.
tty-poi;/inecicb, wrestling, strug-

gling ; also strife or contention.

, an usurer.

U^uj/te<xcb, usury.

Uulp, a fox ; Lat. vulpes ; other- y'
wise m<xb<xb u<xb, ;on<xc, cu

peoob<x,

mujn, and Cl)<im<xc.
Note I. — U being the last of the
five vowels, as well as the last
letter of the Irish alphabet, we
think it proper to make one re-
mark in this place, which re-
gards all the vowels, and which
is, that in the Irish language
words beginning with a vowel,
according to their natural and
radical structure, are often dis-
guised by abusively prefixing
the letter p before the initial
vowel. Thus, for instance, the
words <x;lt, ajnne, <xt<xc, and a
great number of others, which
are taken notice of in the course
of this dictionary, are frequently
written and pronounced pxjll,
pfynne, pjr<xc, &c. And it
seems this abuse has likewise
taken place in the Latin, where
in the word acies, for example,
which in general signifies the
front or fore-part, as well as the
edge or point of any thing, such
as the front of an army, is changed
into fades when applied to the
front or face of man or beast.
And when the Romans omitted
the letter / in the old Latin
words ferba, fcedus, folus, fos-
tis, andfostia, and wrote Jierba,
licedus, holm, (afterwards olus,)
hostis, hostia, it would seem as
if they regarded the letter f as
foreign or adventitious to those
words from the beginning, Ano-
ther abusive manner of masking

u u

u u

Irish words beginning with a
vowel, proceeds from the Irish
particle an signifying the,' for
when it precedes such words the
letter n in that particle is de-
tached from the letter <x, and
transposed as a prefix before the
initial vowel ; as in the words
<i najbe, <x neajojp, <x njntjn, <x
<x nuat, instead of an

ajbe, an eajcojrt, an ^ntjn, an
ono;pt, an uajfi, which is the
proper and natural writing.

Note II. — Inasmuch as it hath
been mentioned at the word ua
in this letter, that a short account
should be given at the end of
the dictionary of some illustrious
or noble families of the ancient
Irish, whose stocks and former
settlements had not been insert-
ed in the alphabetical course of
this work, it is just we should
fulfil our promise with regard to
the following families, viz.

I. — GQac-OQu'tca, otherwise Coem-
anac, En^l. Kavanagh, the chief
family of the province of Leins-
ter, descended in a direct line
from £)omnal Coemanac, eldest
son of Dermod, king of Leinster
in Henry the Second's time, and
the twenty-third direct descen-
dant from CaraojH-mon, who
was kins: of Leinster and Meath
in the year 174. The chief pa-
trimony of this princely family
of the Mac-Moroii£hs, or O'Ka-
vanaghs, in ancient times, and
before they removed to the ba-
rony of Idrona, in the County of
Carlow, was the country of Ive-
Kinselagh, which comprehends
a great part of the County of
Wexford. Thomas O'Kavanagh
of Borass, in the County of Car-
low, Esq., is now the worthy di-
rect chief of the very ancient
and noble house of the Mac-
467

.

II. The family of O'O flfyn, now pro-
nounced &Di\in,£nsl. O'Byrne,
are descended in a direct line
from 0 nan -bub, who died king
of Leinster in the year 601, ac-
cording to our annals, being di-
rect descendant of Ortea^al
Oealajb, who was the grandson
of Cataojft-moft above mention-
ed. The ancient estate of this
noble family was the large dis-
trict of Cftjuc'a Ceab an Cbu-
ma;»i, whose present name I do
not know. I suppose it to be a
part of the County of \Vicklow.

III. ThefamilyofO'Cuatajl,£>?or.
O'Tool, are descended from the
same stock with the O'Byrns.
Their ancient estate was the dis-
trict called Jb-CDu;;tajb. I also
find mention of their having
been settled in the territory of
Jmajte in the County of Wick-
low. The O'Brenans are also
of the same stock, and were an-
ciently settled in the territories
called C/ijuca Ceab J Cjrtc,
whose situation and modern
name I am quite ignorant of.

IV. — The ancient and noble fa-
mily of O'ConOft pijlje is de-
scended from Ro^-A-pdjlge,
whom our antiquaries mention
as the eldest son of Corao;;t-
noojt. The O'Duns and O'Demp-
sies are set down as branches of
the house of O'Conon pajlge,
and O'Duinin is mentioned as a
descendant of O'Duin. No other
families are reckoned by our
Seanchuys as the offspring of
J?077-<x-p&jl£e, though I find the
families of 0'6fto j<x;7tm, (TQon-
Engl. O'Kenny, O'Oeon-
, Engl. O'Hennessy, O'i)a-
n(l 0'CCu;t<xca;n, men-
tioned as co-partners with O'Co-
nor, O'Dun, and O'Dempsy, in

u u

u u

the possession of the district of
)6 p^lje.— Fid. Mac Fear-
gidVs Topographical Poem. A
modern learned writer hath been
led into a mistake in mentioning
the O'Byrns and O'Tools as
descendants of ]7o^<x-pajlje.
The Mac-Gormans are men-
tioned as the posterity of
OcXftcxc. another son of
mo/1, and the territory of
7/tce assigned as their ancient in-
heritance. — Vid. Cambr. Evers.
p. 27. I have now before me a
genealogy written in the year
1721, by Andrew Mac-Curtain,
for Nicholas Mac-Gorman, Esq.,
who was then the Mac-Gorman,
or chief of the family in the
County of Clare. I find in the
above-cited poem another family i
called O'Gormain, and not Mac-
Gorman. The O'Ryans are like-
wise descendants of C<xt<xo;/t-
mo/i, through Domhnal, son of
Nathi, who was the sixth in de-
scent from that king ; as also the
O'Murphys, through Phelim,
son of 6<xn<x Qn^e<xlac, a pow-
erful king of Leinster in the
fourth century, and the grand-
father of the above Nathi. The
O'Dwyers are thrown up to a
higher antiquity than all the
preceding families, as being de-
scended from /M;acu/ib, the great
grandfather of C<xt<u>j/t-m6/i.
The three last mentioned families
have figured much higher in Mun-
ster than they had done in their
own province. In this same pro-
vince the family of CO<xc-3)oU<x-
pbab/i<x;c, EngL Fitzpatrick,
formerly sovereign princes of the
large tract called Ossory, and
now Earls of Upp. Ossory, derive
their descent from Conld., son of
One<xc, from whom

descended me above king Gx-
4G8

in the twelfth degree.
The O'Carrols, descendants of
C;<xn, grandson of Oljot-Olum,
king of Munster in the begin-
ning of the third century, were
also sovereigns of a part of Os-
sory, and the O'Donchas of ano-
ther part. — Cambr. Evers. p. 27.
We have likewise to observe
that the chief families of Con-
naught are descended from two
sons of eoc<x-OQo;iT)ebeo;n, king
of Meath in the fourth century,
excepting the O'Kellys, the
O'Maddins, the O'Lallys, the
O'Neachtans, and the Mac-
Egans, all descendants of Colla
ba Cb/vjoc, brother of Colla
Uajf, king of Meath and Ulster
an. 327. The two sons I have
pointed at were Opt; an and
pj<xc/to. : from the former are
descended the O'Connors, the
O'Rourks, princes of Breifne,
the O'Reylys, lords of a part of
Breifne called flQujnrj/t-COaot-
GQo/ib<x, the O'Flahertys, the
O'Beirns, the O'Fallons, the
O'Flins of Ct<xnmul/tu<xn<x, the
O'Malys, theO'Bradys, or Mac-
Bradys, a family of the O'Flana-
gains, (vid. Flanagan, supr.)
the Mac Dermots of Moyluirg
and Carrick, formerly princes of
Tiroiliolla, &c. (vid. O;<x/tm<i;b
supr.} the O'Molones, the Mac-
Concannans, or Mac-Congenain,
and others. From pj<xc/t<x, the
second son of the same king, are
descended the O'Seachnassys
and the O'Dowds, the former
through Coca O/teac, son of

king of Meath an. 405 ;
and the latter from p;<xc;td, ano-
ther son of the same (Dat;.
The O'Heyns of J5-p;ac?«x tjf ;b-
ne are also descended from
Coca 6fie<xc through "^a^c.
C0ac-Colnoa;n, so renowned for

u u

u u

his hospitality towards the mid-
dle of the seventh century, as
was his cotemporary Cudncx. son
of C<xlc;n, lord of Fennoy, in
the Count}' of Cork, residing at
his castle of Cloc Ljayrtr/n, near
Mitchelstown, from which castle
he was called L<xoc Ljapzjnne.
— rid. Keatins in the reign of
Con<xl Claon, King of Meath.
Tlie O'Cahils are of the same
stock, and were co-partners with
the O'Seaghnassys in the district
of Kinealae. The Maguires and
Mac-Mahons, whom I have al-
ready mentioned, were also of
the chief descendants of Cotta
eo. Cn;oc, and formerly lords of
all the County of Fermanagh;
the O'Hagans, of the stock of
O'Xeil, were lords of Cultaco^
in Uljb;<v or Ulster, The fami-
lies of 0;00o«uxn, 0'00<x7)<rt>;, and
O'Curw<x, English, Curry, the
O'Lujnpfe, End. O'Linchy, the
0'Le<xclab<x;rt. English, Lawler,
the O'Oeocajojn, all of Ulto-
nian origin, are of the ancient
Rudrician race of the kings of
Ulster. The O'Hallorans of
Clanfergail, the district of Gal-
way, as also St. Finbara, the
first bishop of Cork, were de-
scendants of Gvjftbrte,son of the
above Brian, the first-born of
King Coco. flOojmebojn — fid.
Ogi/g. pag. 376. There was
another family of the O'Hallo-
rans, formerly settled in the
County of Clare, who descended
from the stock of the O'Briens
and the other Dalcassians.

In the province of Munster
the families of the O'Keefes, the
O'Dalys, the X<j.C£joU<iCboM;-,
EnsL Mackillecoddys, the CQ<xc
Ce;le£o;b, Engl. Mackillesod,
the O'Donovans, the O'Cuile-
ains, the O'Moriartys, all de-
469

scended from the same stock
with the Macartys. I mean from
eSjan-moft, son of Oljol-Olum,
king of all Munster in the third
century. And in North Minis-
ter the following families of a
noble origin have been likewise
hitherto overlooked in this Dic-
tionary, viz. the O'Gradys, the
O'Quins. the O'Heffernans, the
Mac-Coghlans, the O'Deas, the
^lac-Clancys, the O'Muronys,
the O'Conrys. transplanted to
Connaught, the O'Kearnys; all
descendants of Con<xt-C<xc-tu<xc,
who was king of all Munster in
the year 366. and was the fifth
direct descendant from Co/tnmc-
Cajf, king of the same province,
and son of Oll;ol-0lum above
mentioned. The same Conm<xc-
Cajf is the stock of the O'Bri-
ens, who are his direct descen-
dants, as also of the O'Kennedys
and Macnamaras. whom we have
already mentioned. From the
same stock are also descended
the Mac-Craiths, or Magraiths,
the O'Lonergans, the O'Aghia-
rans, or O'Ahems. the O'Mearas,
the O'Hurlys, the O'Seanchans,
the O'Fosartys, the O'Duhigs,
the O'Hehirs. and the O'Hickys.
The O'Nunans, another ancient
family hitherto not mentioned,
were hereditary wardens or pro-
tectors of St. Brendan's church
at Tullaleis in the Co only of
Cork, and proprietors of the
lands of Tullaleis and Castle-
Lassin, under obligation of re-
pairs and all other expenses at-
tending the divine service of that
church, to which those lands had
been originally given as an al-
lodial endowment by its founder.
V. — The family of O'^J/tfye,
English, O'Garvey ; a very
ancient and noble family of

11 U

u u

that great and famous district of
Ulster, anciently called C^oiob-
??uab, arid who are mentioned
by O'tDubajctjn as proprietary
and hereditary toparchs or lords
of the large territory called JB-
C<xc<xc-Cob<x, now called Iveagh
in the County of Down, of which
he mentions them as actual pos-
sessors in the thirteenth century,
long after the arrival of the
English and Welsh adventurers
brought over by the king of
Leinster in King Henry the Se-
cond's time. This family is de-
scended from the same stock
with Maginnis, Lord Baron of
Iveagh, and O'Mora of Leix, in
Leinster, I mean from the old
Rudrician line, who were the
first race of the kings of Ulster,
and whose common stock, 7?ub-
Ti;g-m5ft, was king of Ulster and
Meath, and supreme sovereign
of Connaught in the year 104,
before the birth of Christ, ac-
cording to O'Flaherty's compu-
tation grounded on our annals,
that is to say, 1872 years before
the present time. The O'Gar-
veys, as well as the Maginis's
and O'Moras, are descended
from this king through the line
of the famous warrior Cond.1-
Cea/mcic, and more immediately
from Coca-Coba, who was like-
wise ancestor of Lord Iveagh,
not of O'Mora and from whom
the country called J5-CtXc<xc-
Cob<x, now Iveagh, had its name.
He was the twenty-second direct
descendant from T^ub/tJj-iDon,
and the thirty-fourth ancestor in
the ascending line from a Ma-
ginnis, called -cTjb 00<xc <t/7/it-
6; 5, whose genealogy I have now
before me in a manuscript of
about 100 years. So that I com-
pute this Coc<x Cobd. as the
470

thirty-seventh or thirty-eighth
ancestor of the present Maginnis
Lord Iveagh, as also of the pre-
sent chief of the O'Garveys,
who, I am well informed, is
Robert O'Garvey, Esq., now set-
tled at Rouen, in company with
his brother Anthony O'Garvey,
Esq., to whom Christopher
O'Garvey, Esq., settled in the
same city, is an uncle, being
their father's younger brother.
This family have been the found-
ers and patrons of the parish
church of the town of Newry, in
the County of Down, whereof
they were formerly governors,
and wherein they have still their
family tomb. They have pre-
served to this day, from the dif-
ferent wrecks and revolutions of
times, a remnant of their very
ancient and large estate, a land
called Aughnagon, near Newry,
one of the oldest tenures in all
Ireland, or perhaps in any other
country. The above Robert
O'Garvey, Esq. is married to
Miss Mary Plowden of Plowden-
hall in the County of Shropshire,
daughter of William Plowden,
Esq. of the same place, and
niece of the present Right Ho-
nourable Lord Dormer, a peer
of England, and has by this
lady two sons, James and Ro-
bert. It is remarkable that in
the same place where O'Dugan
mentions the O'Garveys as chief
proprietary lords and possessors
of Iveagh in the thirteenth cen-
tury, he mentions the OOdc-cfjn-
gupx, or Maginis, as then the
lord and proprietary possessor
of the district called Cl<xn-<fjb
alone, and not of Iveagh ; whence
it appears unaccountable why
his successors took their title
from the barony of Iveagh, of

u u

u u

which they became lords baron.
I find mention of another family
of the O'Garveys in O'Dugan,
as possessors of a district called
Jb - Ofie<X;~<xjt-m<xca, in the Co.
of Armagh, descendants from
Cotld U<x;f, king of Ulster in
the year of Christ 327, but of
quite a different stock from the
ancient Rudrician kings of that
province. These two different
families of the O'Garveys are
also mentioned in Cambrensis
Eversus, p. 26.

VI. The family of 0'Cu;lbealra;n,
the direct heirs and descendants
of L<xo jdjne, the second son of
Nj<xl-|N<xo; j;<xllac, and king of
Meath and Ulster in St. Pa-
trick's time, were lords of the
country called Ive Leary in
Meath, and as descendants and
heirs of King Laoghaire, the se-
sond son of Nial the Great,
should be held in the next rank
of dignity to the great O'Xeils,
amongst all the other families of
the south and north Hy-Xeils.
I am not informed of the present
state of this family.

VII. — We have mentioned in two
different places in the dictionary
the family of the O'Lallys, whose
ancient and large estate was the
country called CCaonmu; je, now
Clanricard, in the County of
Galway, of which they were dis-
possessed for the greater part
by the Burks, Earls of that
country; and now we are well
informed that the late General
Lally's family were the principal

branch and chiefs of the O'Lal-
lys of Q0<xenmu; je, or Clanricard,
and that Brigadier Lally, in the
French service, is now the direct
chief of that branch, which de-
rives its princely descent from
Coll<i-ba-Cb;t;oc; a younger bro-
ther of the above Colld-Ud;/-,
and who was likewise the stock
of the O'Kellys, the O'Maddins,
and the O'Neachtains, as well as
of the Maguires and Mac-Ma- --
hons of Oirgialla.
VIII. — Though we have mentioned
the O'Flins of Cannaught at the
word ptann, a family descended
from eoc<x-GOo;me<xbojn, king of
Meath and Ulster in the fourth
century, and whose large estate
was the district called Clan-
COaolftudna, yet we forgot to
mention that the present chief
of that ancient family is Edmond
O'Flin of Ballinlagh, Esq., and
that the Right Honourable Lady
Ellen O'Flin, Countess de la
Hues of Lahnes-Castle in Nor-
mandy, is of the same direct
branch of the O'Flins, her lady-
ship being daughter to Timothy
O'Flin of Clydagh in the Coun-
ty of Roscommon, Esq. The
principal seat of the O'Flins of
Connaught was Ballinlagh, in
the County of Roscommon, not
far distant from the above Cly-
dagh, and bordering on Loc ;
pbtdjnn, and Sl;<xB ; pbl<i;nn,
which comprehends a large tract
of ground, and formed a very
considerable part of the ancient
estate of this noble family.

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